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[Congressional Bills 109th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3483 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

109th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3483

    To improve national competitiveness through enhanced education 
                              initiatives.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                              June 8, 2006

  Mr. Ensign (for himself and Mr. Lieberman) introduced the following 
  bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, 
                     Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
    To improve national competitiveness through enhanced education 
                              initiatives.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Innovation Education Act''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
     TITLE I--IMPROVING PREKINDERGARTEN THROUGH GRADE 16 EDUCATION

Sec. 101. Short title.
Sec. 102. Purposes.
Sec. 103. Definitions.
Sec. 104. P-16 education stewardship system grants.
Sec. 105. State application and plan.
Sec. 106. P-16 education stewardship commission.
Sec. 107. P-16 education data system.
Sec. 108. Reports; technical assistance.
Sec. 109. Authorization of appropriations.
  TITLE II--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION MAGNET SCHOOLS AND INNOVATION-
                             BASED LEARNING

Sec. 201. General definitions.
Sec. 202. Magnet schools.
Sec. 203. Innovation-based experiential learning.
        TITLE III--TEACHER TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 301 Baccalaureate degrees in mathematics and science with teacher 
                            certification.
Sec. 302. Teachers professional development institutes.
                 TITLE IV--STEM EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

Sec. 401. Definitions.
Sec. 402. Graduate fellowships and graduate traineeships.
Sec. 403. Professional science master's degree programs.
Sec. 404. Increased support for science education through the National 
                            Science Foundation.
Sec. 405. A national commitment to basic research.
Sec. 406. Study on service science.

     TITLE I--IMPROVING PREKINDERGARTEN THROUGH GRADE 16 EDUCATION

SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``College Pathway Act of 2006''.

SEC. 102. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this title are the following:
            (1) To broaden the focus of Federal, State, and local 
        higher education programs to promote academic success in 
        postsecondary education, particularly with respect to 
        mathematics, science, engineering, and technology.
            (2) To increase the percentage of low-income and minority 
        students who are academically prepared to enter and 
        successfully complete postsecondary-level general education 
        coursework.
            (3) To decrease the percentage of students requiring 
        developmental coursework through grants that enable States to 
        coordinate the public prekindergarten through grade 12 
        education system and the postsecondary education system--
                    (A) to ensure that covered institutions articulate 
                and publicize the prerequisite skills and knowledge 
                expected of incoming postsecondary students attending 
                covered institutions, in order to provide students and 
                other interested parties with accurate information 
                pertaining to the students' necessary preparations for 
                postsecondary education;
                    (B) to establish and implement middle school and 
                secondary school course enrollment guidelines while 
                ensuring rigorous content standards--
                            (i) to ensure that public secondary school 
                        students, in all major racial and ethnic 
                        groups, and income levels, complete academic 
                        courses linked with academic success in 
                        mathematics, science, engineering, and 
                        technology at the postsecondary level; and
                            (ii) to increase the percentage of students 
                        in each major racial group, ethnic group, and 
                        income level who graduate from secondary school 
                        and enter postsecondary education with the 
                        academic preparation necessary to successfully 
                        complete postsecondary-level general education 
                        coursework, particularly with respect to 
                        mathematics, science, engineering, and 
                        technology;
                    (C) to implement programs and policies that 
                increase secondary school graduation rates while 
                ensuring rigorous content standards; and
                    (D) to collect and analyze disaggregated 
                longitudinal student data throughout P-16 education in 
                order to--
                            (i) understand and improve students' 
                        progress throughout P-16 education;
                            (ii) understand problems and needs 
                        throughout P-16 education; and
                            (iii) align prekindergarten through grade 
                        12 academic standards and higher education 
                        standards so that more students are prepared to 
                        successfully complete postsecondary-level 
                        general education coursework.

SEC. 103. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) In general.--The terms ``local educational agency'', 
        ``parent'', ``secondary school'', and ``State'' have the 
        meanings given the terms in section 9101 of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (2) Academic assessments.--The term ``academic 
        assessments'' means the academic assessments implemented by a 
        State educational agency pursuant to section 1111(b)(3) of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        6311(b)(3)).
            (3) Academic standards.--The term ``academic standards'' 
        means the challenging academic content standards and 
        challenging student academic achievement standards adopted by a 
        State pursuant to section 1111(b)(1) of the Elementary and 
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(b)(1)).
            (4) Covered institution.--The term ``covered institution'' 
        means an institution of higher education that participates in a 
        program under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1070 et seq.).
            (5) Developmental coursework.--The term ``developmental 
        coursework'' means coursework that a student is required to 
        complete in order to attain prerequisite knowledge or skills 
        necessary for entrance into a postsecondary degree or 
        certification program.
            (6) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1002).
            (7) P-16 education.--The term ``P-16 education'' means the 
        educational system from prekindergarten through the conferring 
        of a baccalaureate degree.
            (8) P-16 educator.--The term ``P-16 educator'' means an 
        individual teaching in P-16 education.
            (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Education.
            (10) Student.--The term ``student'' means any student 
        enrolled in a public school.

SEC. 104. P-16 EDUCATION STEWARDSHIP SYSTEM GRANTS.

    (a) Program Authorized.--From amounts appropriated under section 
109 for a fiscal year, and subject to subsection (b), the Secretary 
shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to States to enable the 
States--
            (1) to establish--
                    (A) P-16 education stewardship commissions in 
                accordance with section 106; or
                    (B) P-16 education stewardship systems consisting 
                of--
                            (i) a P-16 education stewardship commission 
                        in accordance with section 106; and
                            (ii) a P-16 education data system in 
                        accordance with section 107; and
            (2) to carry out the activities and programs described in 
        the State application and plan submitted under section 105.
    (b) Award Basis.--In determining the approval and amount of a grant 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to an 
application from a State that desires the grant to establish a P-16 
education stewardship system described in subsection (a)(1)(B).
    (c) Period of Grants.--
            (1) States establishing p-16 education stewardship 
        systems.--Each grant made under this section to a State to 
        establish a P-16 education stewardship system described in 
        subsection (a)(1)(B) shall be awarded for a period of 5 years.
            (2) States establishing p-16 education stewardship 
        commissions.--Each grant made under this section to a State to 
        establish a P-16 education stewardship commission described in 
        subsection (a)(1)(A) shall be awarded for a period of 3 years.

SEC. 105. STATE APPLICATION AND PLAN.

    (a) In General.--A State desiring a grant under section 104 shall 
submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, 
and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably 
require.
    (b) Contents.--Each application submitted under this section shall 
include, at a minimum, the following:
            (1) A demonstration that the State, not later than 5 months 
        after receiving grant funds under this title, will establish a 
        P-16 education stewardship commission described in section 106.
            (2) For a state applying for a grant under section 
        104(a)(1)(B), a demonstration that the State, not later than 2 
        years after receiving grant funds under this title, will 
        implement, expand, or improve a P-16 education data system 
        described in section 107.
            (3) A demonstration that the State will work with the State 
        P-16 education stewardship commission and others as necessary 
        to examine the relationship among the content of postsecondary 
        education admission and placement exams, the prerequisite 
        skills and knowledge required to successfully take 
        postsecondary-level general education coursework, the 
        prekindergarten through grade 12 courses and academic factors 
        associated with academic success at the postsecondary level, 
        particularly with respect to mathematics, science, engineering, 
        and technology, and existing academic standards and aligned 
        academic assessments.
            (4) A description of how the State will, using the 
        information from the State P-16 education stewardship 
        commission, increase the percentage of students taking courses 
        that have the highest correlation of academic success at the 
        postsecondary level, for each of the following groups of 
        students:
                    (A) Economically disadvantaged students.
                    (B) Students from each major racial and ethnic 
                group.
                    (C) Students with disabilities.
                    (D) Students with limited English proficiency.
            (5) A description of how the State will distribute the 
        information in the P-16 education stewardship commission's 
        report under section 106(c)(4) to the public in the State, 
        including public secondary schools, local educational agencies, 
        school counselors, P-16 educators, institutions of higher 
        education, students, and parents.
            (6) An assurance that the State will continue to pursue 
        effective P-16 education alignment strategies after the end of 
        the grant period.

SEC. 106. P-16 EDUCATION STEWARDSHIP COMMISSION.

    (a) P-16 Education Stewardship Commission.--
            (1) In general.--Each State receiving a grant under section 
        104 shall establish a P-16 education stewardship commission 
        that has the policymaking ability to meet the requirements of 
        this section.
            (2) Existing commission.--The State may designate an 
        existing coordinating body or commission as the State P-16 
        education stewardship commission for purposes of this title, if 
        the body or commission meets, or is amended to meet, the basic 
        requirements of this section.
    (b) Membership.--
            (1) Composition.--Each P-16 education stewardship 
        commission shall be composed of the Governor of the State, or 
        the designee of the Governor, and the stakeholders of the 
        statewide education community, as determined by the Governor or 
        the designee of the Governor, such as--
                    (A) the chief State official responsible for 
                administering prekindergarten through grade 12 
                education in the State;
                    (B) the chief State official of the entity 
                primarily responsible for the supervision of 
                institutions of higher education in the State;
                    (C) bipartisan representation from the State 
                legislative committee with jurisdiction over 
                prekindergarten through grade 12 education and higher 
                education;
                    (D) representatives of 2- and 4-year institutions 
                of higher education in the State;
                    (E) representatives of the business community; and
                    (F) at the discretion of the Governor, or the 
                designee of the Governor, representatives from 
                prekindergarten through grade 12 and higher education 
                governing boards and other organizations.
            (2) Chairperson; meetings.--The Governor of the State, or 
        the designee of the Governor, shall serve as chairperson of the 
        P-16 education stewardship commission and shall convene regular 
        meetings of the commission.
    (c) Duties of the Commission.--
            (1) Meetings of covered institutions.--
                    (A) In general.--Each State P-16 education 
                stewardship commission shall convene regular meetings 
                of the covered institutions in the State for the 
                purpose of assessing and reaching consensus regarding--
                            (i) the prerequisite skills and knowledge 
                        expected of incoming freshmen to successfully 
                        engage in and complete postsecondary-level 
                        general education coursework without the prior 
                        need to enroll in developmental coursework; and
                            (ii) patterns of coursework and other 
                        academic factors that demonstrate the highest 
                        correlation with success in completing 
                        postsecondary-level general education 
                        coursework and degree or certification 
                        programs, particularly with respect to 
                        mathematics, science, engineering, and 
                        technology.
                    (B) Findings of covered institutions.--The covered 
                institutions shall communicate to the P-16 education 
                stewardship commission the findings of the covered 
                institutions, which--
                            (i) shall include the consensus on the 
                        prerequisite skills and knowledge, patterns of 
                        coursework, and other academic factors 
                        described in subparagraph (A);
                            (ii) shall address, at minimum, the 
                        subjects of reading or language arts, history, 
                        mathematics, science, technology, and 
                        engineering, and may cover additional academic 
                        content areas;
                            (iii) shall be descriptive of content and 
                        purpose, and shall not be limited to a simple 
                        listing of secondary course names; and
                            (iv) may be different for 2- and 4-year 
                        institutions of higher education.
            (2) Commission recommendations.--Not later than 18 months 
        after a State receives a grant under section 104, and annually 
        thereafter for each year in the grant period, the State P-16 
        education stewardship commission shall--
                    (A) develop recommendations regarding the 
                prerequisite skills and knowledge, patterns of 
                coursework, and other academic factors described in 
                paragraph (1)(A); and
                    (B) develop recommendations and enact policies to 
                increase the success rate of students in the students' 
                transition from secondary school to postsecondary 
                education, including policies to increase success rates 
                for--
                            (i) students of economic disadvantage;
                            (ii) students of racial and ethnic 
                        minorities;
                            (iii) students with disabilities; and
                            (iv) students with limited English 
                        proficiency.
            (3) Commission findings.--Not later than 3 years after a 
        State receives a grant under section 104(a)(1)(B), the State P-
        16 education stewardship commission shall--
                    (A) compile and interpret the findings from the P-
                16 education data system; and
                    (B) include the compilation and interpretation of 
                the findings in the report described in paragraph 
                (4)(A).
            (4) Reports.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 18 months after a 
                State receives a grant under section 104, and annually 
                thereafter for each year in the grant period, the State 
                P-16 education stewardship commission shall prepare and 
                submit to the Secretary a clear and concise report that 
                shall include the recommendations described in 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (2).
                    (B) Distribution to the public.--Not later than 60 
                days after the submission of a report under 
                subparagraph (A), each State P-16 education stewardship 
                commission shall publish and widely distribute the 
                information in the report to the public in the State, 
                including--
                            (i) all public secondary schools and local 
                        educational agencies;
                            (ii) school counselors;
                            (iii) P-16 educators;
                            (iv) institutions of higher education; and
                            (v) students and parents, especially 
                        students and parents of students listed in 
                        clauses (i) through (iv) of paragraph (2)(B) 
                        and those entering grade 9 in the next academic 
                        year, to assist students and parents in making 
                        informed and strategic course enrollment 
                        decisions.

SEC. 107. P-16 EDUCATION DATA SYSTEM.

    (a) Establishment.--Not later than 2 years after a State receives a 
grant under section 104(a)(1)(B), the State shall establish a Statewide 
longitudinal data system that provides each student, upon enrollment in 
a public school or in a covered institution in the State, with a unique 
identifier that is retained throughout the student's enrollment in P-16 
education in the State.
    (b) Valid Data and Compliance With Ferpa.--The State, through the 
implementation of the data system described in subsection (a), shall--
            (1) ensure the implementation and use of valid and reliable 
        secondary school dropout data; and
            (2) ensure that the data system is compliant with the 
        Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (20 U.S.C. 
        1232g).
    (c) Required Elements of a Statewide Data System.--The State shall 
ensure that the data system described in subsection (a) includes the 
following elements:
            (1) A unique statewide student identifier.
            (2) Student-level enrollment, demographic, and program 
        participation information.
            (3) Individual students' yearly test records.
            (4) Information on students not tested by grade and 
        subject.
            (5) A teacher identifier system with the ability to match 
        teachers to students.
            (6) Student-level transcript information, including 
        information on courses completed and grades earned.
            (7) Student-level college readiness test scores.
            (8) Student-level information about the points at which 
        students exit, transfer in, transfer out, drop out, or graduate 
        P-16 education.
            (9) The capacity to communicate with higher education data 
        systems.
            (10) A State data audit system assessing data quality, 
        validity, and reliability.
    (d) Functions of the Statewide Data System.--In implementing the 
data system described in subsection (a), the State shall--
            (1) identify factors that correlate to students' ability to 
        successfully engage in and complete postsecondary-level general 
        education coursework without the need for prior developmental 
        coursework;
            (2) identify factors to increase the percentage of low-
        income and minority students who are academically prepared to 
        enter and successfully complete postsecondary-level general 
        education coursework; and
            (3) use data to otherwise inform education policy and 
        practice.
    (e) Existing Data Systems.--A State may employ, coordinate, or 
revise an existing data system for purposes of this section if such 
data system produces valid and reliable information that satisfies the 
requirements of subsections (b) through (d).

SEC. 108. REPORTS; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    (a) State Reports.--
            (1) Annual report.--Each State that receives a grant under 
        section 104 shall submit an annual report to the Secretary for 
        each year of the grant period that shall include a description 
        of the activities undertaken under the grant to improve 
        academic readiness for postsecondary-level general education 
        coursework and course completion.
            (2) Dissemination.--Each State shall prepare and widely 
        disseminate the report described in paragraph (1) to the public 
        in the State, including secondary schools, local educational 
        agencies, school counselors, P-16 educators, institutions of 
        higher education, students, and parents.
    (b) Secretary Reports.--
            (1) Annual report.--The Secretary shall submit an annual 
        report to Congress that includes--
                    (A) findings from the State reports submitted under 
                subsection (a)(1);
                    (B) a description of the actions taken by the 
                Department of Education to assist States with creating 
                P-16 education stewardship commissions and P-16 
                education data systems;
                    (C) a description of the actions and incentives 
                planned by the States' P-16 education stewardship 
                commissions--
                            (i) to help States align academic 
                        standards, courses, and academic assessments 
                        with postsecondary academic expectations, 
                        courses, and assessments;
                            (ii) to help States increase the percentage 
                        of minority and low-income students prepared to 
                        enter and succeed at the postsecondary level; 
                        and
                            (iii) to decrease postsecondary 
                        developmental coursework enrollment rates of 
                        minority and low-income students;
                    (D) a description of the actions and incentives 
                planned to help States reduce postsecondary 
                developmental coursework enrollment rates;
                    (E) an assessment of the effectiveness of P-16 
                education stewardship commissions in improving college 
                readiness and eliminating the need for developmental 
                coursework; and
                    (F) recommendations regarding how to make the P-16 
                education stewardship commissions more effective, and 
                whether the establishment of such commissions should be 
                encouraged throughout the United States.
            (2) Availability.--The Secretary shall make the annual 
        report described in paragraph (1) available to the public and 
        to each State and institution of higher education.
    (c) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary shall provide, to the 
extent practicable, technical assistance to States and institutions of 
higher education seeking technical assistance under this title.

SEC. 109. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title 
$55,000,000 for fiscal year 2007 and such sums as may be necessary for 
each of fiscal years 2008 through 2011.

  TITLE II--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION MAGNET SCHOOLS AND INNOVATION-
                             BASED LEARNING

SEC. 201. GENERAL DEFINITIONS.

    Except as otherwise provided, the terms used in this title have the 
meanings given the terms in section 9101 of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).

SEC. 202. MAGNET SCHOOLS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to assist in the 
promotion of innovation and competitiveness by providing financial 
assistance to eligible local educational agencies for--
            (1) the development and implementation of magnet school 
        programs that will assist eligible local educational agencies 
        in achieving systemic reforms and providing all students the 
        opportunity to meet challenging State academic content 
        standards and student academic achievement standards;
            (2) the development and design of innovative educational 
        methods, practices, and curriculum that promote student 
        achievement in science, mathematics, and technology courses;
            (3) improving the capacity of eligible local educational 
        agencies, including through professional development, to 
        continue operating magnet schools after Federal funding for the 
        magnet schools is terminated; and
            (4) ensuring that students enrolled in such schools have 
        access to a high quality education that will enable such 
        students to succeed academically and enroll in postsecondary 
        education at a high level.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Eligible local educational agency.--The term ``eligible 
        local educational agency'' means a local educational agency 
        described in section 5304 of the Elementary and Secondary 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7231c).
            (3) Magnet school.--The term ``magnet school'' means a 
        public elementary school or public secondary school that--
                    (A) offers a curriculum focused on science, 
                mathematics, and technology; and
                    (B) attracts a substantial number of students from 
                different racial backgrounds.
    (c) Program Authorized.--The Director, in accordance with this 
section, is authorized to award grants to eligible local educational 
agencies, and consortia of such agencies where appropriate, to carry 
out the purpose of this section for magnet schools.
    (d) Applications and Requirements.--
            (1) Applications.--An eligible local educational agency, or 
        consortium of such agencies, desiring to receive a grant under 
        this section shall submit an application to the Director at 
        such time, in such manner, and containing such information and 
        assurances as the Director may reasonably require.
            (2) Information and assurances.--Each application submitted 
        under paragraph (1) shall include--
                    (A) a description of--
                            (i) how a grant awarded under this section 
                        will be used to promote instruction in science, 
                        mathematics, and technology;
                            (ii) the manner and extent to which the 
                        magnet school program will increase student 
                        academic achievement in the instructional areas 
                        offered by the school;
                            (iii) how the applicant will continue the 
                        magnet school program after assistance under 
                        this section is no longer available;
                            (iv) how grant funds under this section 
                        will be used--
                                    (I) to improve student academic 
                                achievement for all students attending 
                                the magnet school programs; and
                                    (II) to implement services and 
                                activities that are consistent with 
                                programs under part A of title I of the 
                                Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
                                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.); and
                            (v) the criteria to be used in selecting 
                        students to attend the proposed magnet school 
                        program; and
                    (B) assurances that the applicant will--
                            (i) use grant funds under this section for 
                        the purpose specified in subsection (a);
                            (ii) employ highly qualified teachers in 
                        the courses of instruction assisted under this 
                        section; and
                            (iii) carry out a high-quality education 
                        program that will encourage greater parental 
                        involvement in decision making.
    (e) Priority.--In awarding grants under this section, the Director 
shall give priority to applicants that propose to carry out new magnet 
school programs or significantly revise existing magnet school 
programs.
    (f) Use of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Grant funds made available under this 
        section may be used by an eligible local educational agency or 
        consortium of such agencies--
                    (A) for planning and promotional activities 
                directly related to the development, expansion, 
                continuation, or enhancement of academic programs and 
                services offered at magnet schools;
                    (B) for the acquisition of books, materials, and 
                equipment (including computers), and the maintenance 
                and operation of materials, equipment, and computers, 
                necessary to conduct programs in magnet schools;
                    (C) for the compensation, or subsidization of the 
                compensation, of elementary school and secondary school 
                teachers who are highly qualified, and instructional 
                staff where applicable, who are necessary to conduct 
                programs in magnet schools;
                    (D) for activities, which may include professional 
                development, that will build the capacity of the 
                eligible local educational agency, or consortium of 
                such agencies, to operate magnet school programs once 
                the grant period has ended;
                    (E) to enable the eligible local educational 
                agency, or consortium of such agencies, to have more 
                flexibility in the administration of a magnet school 
                program in order to serve students attending a school 
                who are not enrolled in a magnet school program; and
                    (F) to enable the eligible local educational 
                agency, or consortium of such agencies, to have 
                flexibility in designing magnet schools for students in 
                all elementary school and secondary school grades.
            (2) Special rule.--Grant funds under this section may be 
        used for activities described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
        subsection (a) only if the activities are directly related to 
        improving--
                    (A) student academic achievement based on the 
                State's challenging academic content standards and 
                student academic achievement standards; or
                    (B) student skills in or knowledge of mathematics, 
                science, and technology as well as other core academic 
                subjects.
    (g) Prohibition.--Grants under this section may not be used for 
transportation or any activity that does not augment academic 
improvement.
    (h) Limitation.--
            (1) Duration of awards.--A grant under this section shall 
        be awarded for a period that shall not exceed 3 fiscal years.
            (2) Limitation on planning funds.--An eligible local 
        educational agency, or consortium of agencies, may expend for 
        planning (professional development shall not be considered to 
        be planning for the purposes of this subsection) not more than 
        50 percent of the grant funds received under this section for 
        the first year of the program and not more than 15 percent of 
        such funds for each of the second and third such years.
            (3) Amount.--No eligible local educational agency, or 
        consortium of such agencies, awarded a grant under this section 
        shall receive more than $4,000,000 under this section for any 
        one fiscal year.
            (4) Timing.--To the extent practicable, the Secretary shall 
        award grants for any fiscal year under this section not later 
        than July 1 of the applicable fiscal year.
    (i) Evaluations.--
            (1) Reservation.--The Director may reserve not more than 2 
        percent of the funds appropriated to carry out this section for 
        any fiscal year to carry out evaluations, provide technical 
        assistance, and carry out dissemination projects with respect 
        to magnet school programs assisted under this section.
            (2) Contents.--Each evaluation described in paragraph (1) 
        at a minimum shall address--
                    (A) how and the extent to which magnet school 
                programs lead to educational quality and improvement;
                    (B) the extent to which magnet school programs 
                enhance student access to high quality education; and
                    (C) the extent to which magnet school programs 
                differ from other school programs in terms of the 
                organizational characteristics and resource allocation 
                of such magnet school programs.

SEC. 203. INNOVATION-BASED EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING.

    (a) Pilot Program.--
            (1) Program authorized.--The Director of the National 
        Science Foundation shall award grants to local educational 
        agencies to enable the local educational agencies to implement 
        innovation-based experiential learning in a total of 500 
        elementary schools or middle schools in the United States.
            (2) Application.--A local educational agency desiring a 
        grant under this section shall submit an application at such 
        time, in such manner, and accompanied by such information as 
        the Director of the National Science Foundation may require.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2007 
and $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

        TITLE III--TEACHER TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 301. BACCALAUREATE DEGREES IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE WITH TEACHER 
              CERTIFICATION.

    (a) Definitions.--Unless otherwise specified in this section, the 
terms used in this section have the meanings given the terms in section 
9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
7801).
    (b) Grants Authorized.--From the amounts authorized under 
subsection (h), the Secretary shall award grants to eligible recipients 
to enable the eligible recipients to provide integrated courses of 
study in mathematics, science, or engineering and teacher education, 
that lead to a baccalaureate degree in mathematics, science, or 
engineering with concurrent teacher certification.
    (c) Definition of Eligible Recipient.--In this section, the term 
``eligible recipient'' means any department of mathematics, science, or 
engineering of an institution of higher education.
    (d) Award and Duration.--
            (1) Award.--The Secretary shall award a grant under this 
        section to each eligible recipient that collaborates with a 
        teacher preparation program at an institution of higher 
        education to develop undergraduate degrees in mathematics, 
        science, or engineering with pedagogy education and teacher 
        certification.
            (2) Duration.--The Secretary shall award a grant under this 
        section to each eligible recipient in an amount that is not 
        more than $1,000,000 per year for a period of 5 years.
    (e) Matching Requirement.--Each eligible recipient receiving a 
grant under this section shall provide, from non-Federal sources 
(provided in cash or in kind), to carry out the activities supported by 
the grant, an amount that is not less than 25 percent of the amount of 
the grant for the first year of the grant, not less than 35 percent of 
the amount of the grant for the second year of the grant, and not less 
than 50 percent of the amount of the grant for each succeeding fiscal 
year of the grant.
    (f) Application.--
            (1) In general.--Each eligible recipient desiring a grant 
        under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary 
        at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such 
        information as the Secretary may require.
            (2) Contents.--Each application submitted pursuant to 
        paragraph (1) shall include--
                    (A) a description of how the eligible recipient 
                will use grant funds to develop and administer 
                undergraduate degrees in mathematics, science, or 
                engineering with pedagogy education and teacher 
                certification, including a description of proposed 
                high-quality research and laboratory experiences that 
                will be available to students;
                    (B) a description of how the mathematics, science, 
                or engineering departments will coordinate with a 
                teacher preparation program to carry out the activities 
                authorized under this section;
                    (C) a resource assessment that describes the 
                resources available to the eligible recipient, the 
                intended use of the grant funds, and the commitment of 
                the resources of the eligible recipient to the 
                activities assisted under this section, including 
                financial support, faculty participation, time 
                commitments, and continuation of the activities 
                assisted under the grant when the grant period ends;
                    (D) an evaluation plan, including measurable 
                objectives and benchmarks for--
                            (i) improving student retention;
                            (ii) increasing the percentage of highly 
                        qualified mathematics and science teachers; and
                            (iii) improving kindergarten through grade 
                        12 student academic performance in mathematics 
                        and science;
                    (E) a description of the activities the eligible 
                recipient will conduct to ensure graduates of the 
                program keep informed of the latest developments in the 
                respective fields;
                    (F) a description of how the eligible recipient 
                will work with local educational agencies in the area 
                in which the eligible recipient is located and, to the 
                extent practicable, with local educational agencies 
                where graduates of the program authorized under this 
                section are employed, to ensure that the activities 
                required under subsection (g)(3) are carried out; and
                    (G) a description of efforts to encourage 
                applications to the program from underrepresented 
                groups, including women and minority groups.
    (g) Authorized Activities.--An eligible recipient shall use the 
funds received under this section--
            (1) to develop and administer teacher education and 
        certification programs with in-depth content education and 
        subject-specific education in pedagogy, leading to 
        baccalaureate degrees in mathematics, science, or engineering 
        with concurrent teacher certification;
            (2) to offer high-quality research experiences and training 
        in the use of educational technology; and
            (3) to work with local educational agencies in the area in 
        which the eligible recipient is located and, to the extent 
        practicable, with local educational agencies where graduates of 
        the program authorized under this section are employed, to 
        support the new teachers during the initial years of teaching, 
        which may include--
                    (A) promoting effective teaching skills;
                    (B) development of skills in educational 
                interventions based on scientifically-based research;
                    (C) providing opportunities for high-quality 
                teacher mentoring;
                    (D) providing opportunities for regular 
                professional development;
                    (E) interdisciplinary collaboration among exemplary 
                teachers, faculty, researchers, and other staff who 
                prepare new teachers; and
                    (F) allowing time for joint lesson planning and 
                other constructive collaborative activities.
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2007 
and such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2008 
through 2013.

SEC. 302. TEACHERS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTES.

    Title II of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1021 et 
seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

         ``PART C--TEACHERS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTES

``SEC. 241. SHORT TITLE.

    ``This part may be cited as the `Teachers Professional Development 
Institutes Act'.

``SEC. 242. PURPOSE.

    ``The purpose of this part is to provide Federal assistance to 
support the establishment and operation of Teachers Professional 
Development Institutes for local educational agencies that serve 
significant low-income populations in States throughout the Nation--
            ``(1) to promote innovative and effective approaches to 
        improving teacher quality through the use of the Teacher 
        Institute Model that encourages collaboration between urban 
        school teachers and university faculty;
            ``(2) to improve student learning; and
            ``(3) to enhance the quality of teaching by strengthening 
        the subject matter mastery and pedagogical skills of current 
        teachers through continuing teacher preparation, particularly 
        with respect to mathematics, science, technology, and 
        engineering.

``SEC. 243. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part:
            ``(1) Poverty line.--The term `poverty line' means the 
        poverty line (as defined by the Office of Management and 
        Budget, and revised annually in accordance with section 673(2) 
        of the Community Services Block Grant Act) applicable to a 
        family of the size involved.
            ``(2) Significant low-income population.--The term 
        `significant low-income population' means a student population 
        of which not less than 25 percent are from families with 
        incomes below the poverty line.
            ``(3) State.--The term `State' means each of the several 
        States of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the 
        Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
            ``(4) Teachers professional development institute.--The 
        term `Teachers Professional Development Institute' means a 
        partnership or joint venture between or among 1 or more 
        institutions of higher education, and 1 or more local 
        educational agencies serving a significant low-income 
        population, which partnership or joint venture--
                    ``(A) is entered into for the purpose of improving 
                the quality of teaching and learning through 
                collaborative seminars designed to enhance both the 
                subject matter and the pedagogical resources of the 
                seminar participants, particularly with respect to 
                mathematics, science, technology, and engineering; and
                    ``(B) works in collaboration to determine the 
                direction and content of the collaborative seminars.

``SEC. 244. GRANT AUTHORITY.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary is authorized--
            ``(1) to award grants to Teachers Professional Development 
        Institutes to encourage the establishment and operation of 
        Teachers Professional Development Institutes where not less 
        than 50 percent of collaborative seminars are targeted to the 
        fields of mathematics, science, technology, and engineering; 
        and
            ``(2) to provide technical assistance, either directly or 
        through existing Teachers Professional Development Institutes, 
        to assist local educational agencies and institutions of higher 
        education in preparing to establish and in operating Teachers 
        Professional Development Institutes.
    ``(b) Selection Criteria.--In selecting a Teachers Professional 
Development Institute for a grant under this part, the Secretary shall 
consider--
            ``(1) the extent to which the proposed Teachers 
        Professional Development Institute will serve a community with 
        a significant low-income population;
            ``(2) the extent to which the proposed Teachers 
        Professional Development Institute will follow the 
        Understandings and Necessary Procedures that have been 
        developed following the National Demonstration Project;
            ``(3) the extent to which the local educational agency 
        participating in the proposed Teachers Professional Development 
        Institute has a high percentage of teachers who are unprepared 
        or under prepared to teach the core academic subjects the 
        teachers are assigned to teach, particularly in the areas of 
        mathematics, science, technology, and engineering; and
            ``(4) the extent to which the proposed Teachers 
        Professional Development Institute will receive a level of 
        support from the community and other sources that will ensure 
        the requisite long-term commitment for the success of a 
        Teachers Professional Development Institute.
    ``(c) Consultation.--
            ``(1) In general.--In evaluating applications under 
        subsection (b), the Secretary may request the advice and 
        assistance of existing Teachers Professional Development 
        Institutes.
            ``(2) State agencies.--If the Secretary receives 2 or more 
        applications for new Teachers Professional Development 
        Institutes that propose serving the same State, the Secretary 
        shall consult with the State educational agency regarding the 
        applications.
    ``(d) Fiscal Agent.--For the purpose of this part, an institution 
of higher education participating in a Teachers Professional 
Development Institute shall serve as the fiscal agent for the receipt 
of grant funds under this part.
    ``(e) Limitations.--A grant under this part--
            ``(1) shall be awarded for a period not to exceed 5 years; 
        and
            ``(2) shall not exceed 50 percent of the total costs of the 
        eligible activities, as determined by the Secretary.

``SEC. 245. ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.

    ``(a) In General.--A Teachers Professional Development Institute 
that receives a grant under this part may use the grant funds--
            ``(1) for the planning and development of applications for 
        the establishment of Teachers Professional Development 
        Institutes;
            ``(2) to provide assistance to existing Teachers 
        Professional Development Institutes established during the 
        National Demonstration Project to enable the Teachers 
        Professional Development Institutes--
                    ``(A) to further develop existing Teachers 
                Professional Development Institutes; or
                    ``(B) to support the planning and development of 
                applications for new Teachers Professional Development 
                Institutes;
            ``(3) for the salary and necessary expenses of a full-time 
        director to plan and manage such Teachers Professional 
        Development Institute and to act as liaison between the 
        participating local educational agency and institution of 
        higher education;
            ``(4) to provide staff, equipment, and supplies, and to pay 
        other operating expenses for the development and maintenance of 
        Teachers Professional Development Institutes;
            ``(5) to provide stipends for teachers participating in 
        collaborative seminars in the sciences and humanities, and to 
        provide remuneration for those members of the higher education 
        faculty who lead the seminars; and
            ``(6) to provide for the dissemination through print and 
        electronic means of curriculum units prepared in conjunction 
        with Teachers Professional Development Institutes seminars.
    ``(b) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary may use not more than 25 
percent of the funds appropriated to carry out this part to provide 
technical assistance to facilitate the establishment and operation of 
Teachers Professional Development Institutes. For the purpose of this 
subsection, the Secretary may contract with existing Teachers 
Professional Development Institutes to provide all or a part of the 
technical assistance under this subsection.

``SEC. 246. APPLICATION, APPROVAL, AND AGREEMENT.

    ``(a) In General.--To receive a grant under this part, a Teachers 
Professional Development Institute shall submit an application to the 
Secretary that--
            ``(1) meets the requirement of this part and any 
        regulations under this part;
            ``(2) includes a description of how the Teachers 
        Professional Development Institute intends to use funds 
        provided under the grant;
            ``(3) includes such information as the Secretary may 
        require to apply the criteria described in section 244(b);
            ``(4) includes measurable objectives for the use of the 
        funds provided under the grant; and
            ``(5) contains such other information and assurances as the 
        Secretary may require.
    ``(b) Approval.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) promptly evaluate an application received for a grant 
        under this part; and
            ``(2) notify the applicant within 90 days of the receipt of 
        a completed application of the Secretary's approval or 
        disapproval of the application.
    ``(c) Agreement.--Upon approval of an application, the Secretary 
and the Teachers Professional Development Institute shall enter into a 
comprehensive agreement covering the entire period of the grant.

``SEC. 247. REPORTS AND EVALUATIONS.

    ``(a) Report.--Each Teachers Professional Development Institute 
receiving a grant under this part shall report annually on the progress 
of the Teachers Professional Development Institute in achieving the 
purpose of this part and the purposes of the grant.
    ``(b) Evaluation and Dissemination.--
            ``(1) Evaluation.--The Secretary shall evaluate the 
        activities funded under this part and submit an annual report 
        regarding the activities to the Committee on Health, Education, 
        Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and the Committee on 
        Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Dissemination.--The Secretary shall broadly 
        disseminate successful practices developed by Teachers 
        Professional Development Institutes.
    ``(c) Revocation.--If the Secretary determines that a Teachers 
Professional Development Institute is not making substantial progress 
in achieving the purpose of this part and the purposes of the grant by 
the end of the second year of the grant under this part, the Secretary 
may take appropriate action, including revocation of further payments 
under the grant, to ensure that the funds available under this part are 
used in the most effective manner.

``SEC. 248. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part--
            ``(1) $4,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
            ``(2) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
            ``(3) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            ``(4) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
            ``(5) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2011.''.

                 TITLE IV--STEM EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

SEC. 401. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (2) Professional science master's degree program.--The term 
        ``professional science master's degree program'' means a 
        graduate degree program in science and mathematics that extends 
        science training to strategic planning and business management 
        and focuses on multidisciplinary specialties such as business 
        and information technology (IT), biology and IT 
        (bioinformatics), and computational chemistry.
            (3) Service science.--The term ``service science'' means 
        curriculums, research programs, and training regimens, 
        including service sciences, management, and engineering (SSME) 
        programs, that exist or that are being developed to teach 
        individuals to apply technology, organizational process 
        management, and industry-specific knowledge to solve complex 
        problems.
            (4) SSME.--The term ``SSME'' means the discipline known as 
        service sciences, management, and engineering that--
                    (A) applies scientific, engineering, and management 
                disciplines to tasks that one organization performs 
                beneficially for others, generally as part of the 
                services sector of the economy; and
                    (B) integrates computer science, operations 
                research, industrial engineering, business strategy, 
                management sciences, and social and legal sciences, in 
                order to encourage innovation in how organizations 
                create value for customers and shareholders that could 
                not be achieved through such disciplines working in 
                isolation.

SEC. 402. GRADUATE FELLOWSHIPS AND GRADUATE TRAINEESHIPS.

    (a) Graduate Research Fellowship Program.--
            (1) In general.--During the 5-year period beginning on the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National 
        Science Foundation shall expand the Graduate Research 
        Fellowship Program of the Foundation so that an additional 1250 
        fellowships are awarded to United States citizens under such 
        Program during such period.
            (2) Extension of fellowship period.--The Director of the 
        National Science Foundation is authorized to award fellowships 
        under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program for a period of 
        5 years, subject to funds being made available for such 
        purpose.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to any 
        other amounts authorized to be appropriated, there are 
        authorized to be appropriated $51,000,000 for each of the 
        fiscal years 2007 through 2011 to provide an additional 250 
        fellowships under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program 
        during each such fiscal year.
    (b) Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship 
Program.--
            (1) In general.--During the 5-year period beginning on the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National 
        Science Foundation shall expand the Integrative Graduate 
        Education and Research Traineeship program of the Foundation so 
        that an additional 1,250 United States citizens are awarded 
        grants under such program during such period.
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to any 
        other amounts authorized to be appropriated, there are 
        authorized to be appropriated $51,000,000 for each of the 
        fiscal years 2007 through 2011 to provide grants to an 
        additional 250 individuals under the Integrative Graduate 
        Education and Research Traineeship program during each such 
        fiscal year.

SEC. 403. PROFESSIONAL SCIENCE MASTER'S DEGREE PROGRAMS.

    (a) Clearinghouse.--
            (1) Development.--From amounts appropriated under 
        subsection (c), the Director of the National Science Foundation 
        shall establish a clearinghouse, in collaboration with 4-year 
        institutions of higher education, industries, and Federal 
        agencies that employ science-trained personnel, to share 
        program elements used in successful professional science 
        master's degree programs.
            (2) Availability.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall make the clearinghouse of program elements 
        developed under paragraph (1) available to institutions of 
        higher education that are developing professional science 
        master's degree programs.
    (b) Pilot Programs.--
            (1) Program authorized.--From amounts appropriated under 
        subsection (c), the Director of the National Science Foundation 
        shall award grants for pilot programs to 4-year institutions of 
        higher education to facilitate the institutions' creation or 
        improvement of professional science master's degree programs.
            (2) Application.--A 4-year institution of higher education 
        desiring a grant under this section shall submit an application 
        at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such 
        information as the Director of the National Science Foundation 
        may require. The application shall include--
                    (A) a description of the professional science 
                master's degree program that the institution of higher 
                education will implement;
                    (B) the amount of funding from non-Federal sources, 
                including from private industries, that the institution 
                of higher education shall use to support the 
                professional science master's degree program; and
                    (C) an assurance that the institution of higher 
                education shall encourage students in the professional 
                science master's degree program to apply for all forms 
                of Federal assistance available to such students, 
                including applicable graduate fellowships and student 
                financial assistance under title IV of the Higher 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.).
            (3) Preference for alternative funding sources.--The 
        Director of the National Science Foundation shall give 
        preference in making awards to 4-year institutions of higher 
        education seeking Federal funding to support pilot professional 
        science master's degree programs, to those applicants that 
        secure more than \2/3\ of the funding for such professional 
        science master's degree programs from sources other than the 
        Federal Government.
            (4) Number of grants; time period of grants.--
                    (A) Number of grants.--Subject to the availability 
                of appropriated funds, the Director of the National 
                Science Foundation shall award grants under paragraph 
                (1) to a maximum of 200 4-year institutions of higher 
                education.
                    (B) Time period of grants.--Grants awarded under 
                this section shall be for one 3-year term. Grants may 
                be renewed only once for a maximum of 2 additional 
                years.
            (5) Evaluation and reports.--
                    (A) Development of performance benchmarks.--Prior 
                to the start of the grant program, the National Science 
                Foundation, in collaboration with 4-year institutions 
                of higher education, shall develop performance 
                benchmarks to evaluate the pilot programs assisted by 
                grants under this section.
                    (B) Evaluation.--For each year of the grant period, 
                the Director of the National Science Foundation, in 
                consultation with 4-year institutions of higher 
                education, industry, and Federal agencies that employ 
                science-trained personnel, shall complete an evaluation 
                of each pilot program assisted by grants under this 
                section. Any pilot program that fails to satisfy the 
                performance benchmarks developed under subparagraph (A) 
                shall not be eligible for further funding.
                    (C) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                completion of an evaluation described in subparagraph 
                (B), the Director of the National Science Foundation, 
                in consultation with industries and Federal agencies 
                that employ science-trained personnel, shall submit a 
                report to Congress that includes--
                            (i) the results of the evaluation described 
                        in subparagraph (B); and
                            (ii) recommendations for administrative and 
                        legislative action that could optimize the 
                        effectiveness of the pilot programs, as the 
                        Director determines to be appropriate.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2007 
and such sums as may be necessary for each succeeding fiscal year.

SEC. 404. INCREASED SUPPORT FOR SCIENCE EDUCATION THROUGH THE NATIONAL 
              SCIENCE FOUNDATION.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the science, 
mathematics, engineering, and technology talent expansion program under 
section 8(7) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 
2002 (Public Law 107-368, 116 Stat. 3042) the following amounts:
            (1) For fiscal year 2007, $35,000,000.
            (2) For fiscal year 2008, $50,000,000.
            (3) For fiscal year 2009, $100,000,000.
            (4) For fiscal year 2010, $150,000,000.

SEC. 405. A NATIONAL COMMITMENT TO BASIC RESEARCH.

    (a) Plan for Increased Research.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall submit to Congress a comprehensive, multiyear plan 
that describes how the funds authorized in subsection (b) shall be 
used. Such plan shall be developed with a focus on utilizing basic 
research in physical science and engineering to optimize the United 
States economy as a global competitor and leader in productive 
innovation.
    (b) Increased Funding for National Science Foundation.--There are 
authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation for 
the purpose of doubling research funding the following amounts:
            (1) $6,440,000,000 for fiscal year 2007.
            (2) $7,280,000,000 for fiscal year 2008.
            (3) $8,120,000,000 for fiscal year 2009.
            (4) $8,960,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.
            (5) $9,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2011.
    (c) Recommendations for Research and Development Funding.--Not 
later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall evaluate 
and, as appropriate, submit to Congress recommendations for an increase 
in funding for research and development in physical sciences and 
engineering in consultation with agencies and departments of the United 
States with significant research and development budgets.

SEC. 406. STUDY ON SERVICE SCIENCE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in order 
to strengthen the competitiveness of United States enterprises and 
institutions and to prepare the people of the United States for high-
wage, high-skill employment, the Federal Government should better 
understand and respond strategically to the emerging vocation and 
learning discipline known as service science.
    (b) Study.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall 
conduct a study and report to Congress regarding how the Federal 
Government should support, through research, education, and training, 
the new discipline of service science.
    (c) Outside Resources.--In conducting the study under subsection 
(b), the Director of the National Science Foundation shall consult with 
leaders from 2- and 4-year institutions of higher education, leaders 
from corporations, and other relevant parties.
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