NASA/TM--2000-209891, Vol. 181

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall, Editor

Volume 181

BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the

NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster

Format

H. Veldhuis and D. Knapp

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

October 2000

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20010005248 2018-05-14T14:54:37+00:00Z
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NASA/TM--2000-209891, Vol. 181

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall, Editor

Volume 181

BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the

NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster

Format

Hugo Veldhuis, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada

Winnipeg, Manitoba

David Knapp, Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

October 2000
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076-1320

Price Code: A 17

Available from:

National Technical Information Service

5285 Port Royal Road

Springfield, VA 22161

Price Code: A 10
BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in

Raster Format

Hugo Veldhuis, David Knapp

Summary

The BOREAS TE-20 team collected several data sets for use in developing and testing models of forest

ecosystem dynamics. This data set was gridded from vector layers of soil maps that were received

from Dr. Hugo Veldhuis, who did the original mapping in the field during 1994. The vector layers

were gridded into raster files that cover the NSA-MSA and tower sites. The data are stored in binary,

image format files.

Note that some of the data set files on the BOREAS CD-ROMs have been compressed using the

Gzip program. See Section 8.2 for details.

Table of Contents

1) Data Set Overview

2) Investigator(s)

3) Theory of Measurements

4) Equipment

5) Data Acquisition Methods

6) Observations

7) Data Description

8) Data Organization

9) Data Manipulations

10) Errors

11) Notes

12) Application of the Data Set

13) Future Modifications and Plans

14) Software

15) Data Access

16) Output Products and Availability

17) References

18) Glossary of Terms

19) List of Acronyms

20) Document Information

1. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster Format

1.2 Data Set Introduction

This data set contains soil properties and classification information over the BOReal

Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Northern Study Area (NSA)-Modeling Sub-Area (MSA)

and the tower sites. It was gridded to a 30-meter pixel resolution for the NSA-MSA area and a

10-meter pixel resolution for the tower sites. The data were reprojected into the BOREAS Grid system

from the original map made by Dr. Hugo Veldhuis (University of Manitoba).

Page 1
1.3 Objective/Purpose

The BOREAS Terrestrial Ecology team #20 (TE-20) collected, processed, and delivered the

original data to BOREAS Information System (BORIS) personnel. BORIS personnel processed the

data into raster files that can be used for modeling or for comparison purposes. The purpose of this

data set is to provide information about the spatial distribution of soils and their characteristics over the

NSA-MSA and tower sites.

1.4 Summary of Parameters

This data set contains information about the spatial distribution of soil classes around the

NSA-MSA and tower sites along with soil class properties such as parent material, texture, slope

class, and water table depth. A detailed list of parameters is given in Section 7. The polygon numbers

in the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) table files correspond to pixel

values in the binary raster files. The value of each pixel can be linked to the table described in Section 7

in order to extract these parameters.

1.5 Discussion

This data set was produced as vector layers by Dr. Veldhuis. Using aerial photography and field

methods, he identified various soil polygons at a scale of 1:50,000 for the NSA-MSA (what Dr.

Veldhuis calls the "super site") and at 1:5,000 for the tower sites (Old Black Spruce (OBS), Old Jack

Pine (OJP), Young Jack Pine (YJP), Fen, and Old Aspen (OA)).

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREAS TE-20 Lab Analysis of NSA Soils Data

BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data of the NSA-MSA Tower Sites in Vector Format

2. Investigators

2.1 Investigator Name and Title

Dr. Hugo Veldhuis

2.2 Title of Investigation

Muhidisciplinc Integrative Models of Forest Ecosystem Dynamics for the Boreal Forest Biome:

Modeling Gas and Encrgy Fluxes from Landscapes

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1 :

Dr. Hugo Veldhui,

Agriculture & Agri-h_nt Can.

CLBRR, Manit_ba l.and Re,,.

Rm. 362A, ELIAS Building

Univ. of Manitt_ba

Winnipeg. Manilob,i CANADA

R3T 2N2

(204)474-6124

(204) 275-5_ 17 (la\)

Page 2
Contact 2:

David Knapp

Raytheon ITSS

NASA GSFC

Code 923

Greenbelt, MD 20771

(301) 286-1424

(301) 286-0239 (fax)

David.Knapp@gsfc.nasa.gov

3. Theory of Measurements

The original soils mapping was performed by using a combination of field samples of the soil and

aerial photographs. These digital map data provide investigators with a continuous surface of soil

parameters that can be used for modeling purposes.

4. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

In addition to field techniques, aerial photography from 1971-73 at a scale of 1:15,840 was used to

map the soils at the tower sites. Aerial photography taken in 1978 at a scale of !:50,000 was used to

map the soils of the NSA-MSA. No additional information is available about this photography. Please

refer to the report submitted by Dr. Veldhuis regarding what equipment was used to perform the soils

mapping.

4.1.1 Collection Environment

The original vector files were received in digital line graph (DLG) format from Dr. Veldhuis.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Unknown.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

Unknown.

4.1.4 Key Variables

The key variables of this data set include:

POLYNUM = Polygon number

GRIDLOC = Grid location

COMPONT = Polygon component (landscape element)

NUMBER = Component rank number

PERCENT = Percentage distribution of components

KINDMAT = Kind of rock outcrop or other material at the surface

LANDFRM = Local surface form

PMDEPOI = Mode of deposition or origin of first (upper) parent material

TXTUREI : Texture of first (upper) parent material

TXTMODI = Texture modifier of first (upper) parent material

PMDEPO2 = Mode of deposition or origin of second (middle) parent material

TXTURE2 = Texture of second (middle) parent material

TXTMOD2 = Texture modifier of second (middle) parent material

PMDEPO3 = Mode of deposition or origin of third (lower) parent material

TXTURE3 = Texture of third (lower) parent material

Page 3
TXTMOD3

COFRAGS

SLOPE

DRAINGE

DEPTHWT

PFDISTR

DPTHACT

ICECTNT

DPTHLFH

DPTHORG

SOILDEV

VARIANT

SOILTPI

SOILPHI

SOILTP2

SOILPH2

= Texture modifier of third (lower) parent material

= Coarse fragment content in control section of mineral soils

= Slope gradient class

= Drainage class

= Depth to water table, average

= Permafrost distribution or occurrence

= Depth of active layer (average)

= Ice content of permanently frozen layer

= Thickness of humus layer (L,F,H)

= Average thickness of peat deposit

= Soil development (soil classification)

= Classification variant or phase

= Dominant soil type associated with polygon component

= Soil phase or variant associated with dominant soil type

= Subdominant soil type associated with polygon component

= Soil phase or variant associated with subdominant soil type

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

Unknown.

4.1.6 Sensor/InstrumentMeasurement Geometry

Unknown.

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

Unknown.

4.2 Calibration

4.2.1 Specifications

Unknown.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

Unknown.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

Unknown.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

Unknown.

5. Data Acquisition Methods

A detailed report of the soils mapping effort was submitted by Dr. Veldhuis and is available. Part 2 of

the report (Methodology) provides detailed information about data acquisition methods.

Page 4
6. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

The soils report by Dr. Veldhuis provides observations and descriptions of soils. Additional notes

exist in files (not included here) submitted by Dr. Veldhuis.

6.2 Field Notes

See Section 6.1.

7. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

The soil maps in this data set vary in their resolution and coverage. The details of these are given in

the following sections.

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

The area mapped is projected in the BOREAS Grid system and is bounded by the following points.

These coordinates are based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83).

NSA-MSA (1,286 pixels by 989 lines, 30-meter pixel size)

Point BOREAS X BOREAS Y Longitude Latitude

Northwest 761.070 630.660 98.70324W 56.05867N

Northeast 799.650 630.660 98.09375W 55.99638N

Southwest 761.070 600.990 98.78647W 55.79667N

Southeast 799.650 600.990 98.18092W 55.73479N

NSA-Fen (130 pixels by 130 lines, 10-meter pixel size)

Point BOREAS X BOREAS Y Longitude Latitude

Northwest 780.590 618.680 98.42917W 55.92183N

Northeast 781.890 618.680 98.40869W 55.91973N

Southwest 780.590 617.380 98.43291W 55.91036N

Southeast 781.890 617.380 98.41243W 55.90826N

NSA-OBS (130 pixels by 130 lines, 10-meter pixel size)

Point BOREAS X BOREAS Y Longitude Latitude

Northwest 777.540 614.230 98.48997W 55.88746N

Northeast 778.840 614.230 98.46950W 55.88538N

Southwest 777.540 612.930 98.49369W 55.87599N

Southeast 778.840 612.930 98.47323W 55.87390N

NSA-OJP (130 pixels by 130 lines, $0-meter pixel size)

Point BOREAS X BOREAS Y Longitude Latitude

Northwest 767.860 617.990 98.63181W 55.93608N

Northeast 769.160 617.990 98.61131W 55.93402N

Southwest 767.860 616.690 98.63549W 55.92460N

Southeast 769.160 616.690 98.61499W 55.92254N

Page 5
NSA-OA (130 pixels

Point

by 130 lines, 10-meter pixel size)

BOREAS X BOREAS Y Longitude Latitude

Northwest 765.510 613.090 98.68269W 55.89654N

Northeast 766.810 613.090 98.66221W 55.89448N

Southwest 765.510 611.790 98.68635W 55.88506N

Southeast 766.810 611.790 98.66588W 55.88301N

NSA-YJP (130 pixels

Point

by 130 lines, 10-meter pixel size)

BOREAS X BOREAS Y Longitude Latitude

Northwest 789.250 618.150 98.29431W 55.90313N

Northeast 790.550 618.150 98.27384W 55.90101N

Southwest 789.250 616.850 98.29808W 55.89166N

Southeast 790.550 616.850 98.27762W 55.88955N

7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

See Section 7.1.1.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

These data were gridded from their original vector form to a pixel resolution of 30 meters for the

MSA and 10 meters for the tower sites.

7.1.4 Projection

The area mapped is projected in the BOREAS Grid system, which is based on the ellipsoidal

version of the Albers Equal-Area Conic (AEAC) projection. The projection has the following

parameters:

Datum: NAD83

Ellipsoid: GRS80 or WGS84

Origin: III.000°W 51.000°N

Standard Parallels: 52 ° 30' 00"N

58 ° 30' 00"N

Units of Measure: kilometers

7.1.5 Grid Description

The grid in which these images are projected is the BOREAS Grid system. The parameters for this

projection are described in Section 7.1.4.

7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

Field samples for mapping the MSA and tower sites were collected in 1994. Aerial photos taken in

1978 at a scale of 1:50,000 were used for extending the field samples to map the NSA-MSA. Aerial

photos used to map the tower sites were taken in 1971 and 1972 at a scale of 1:15,840.

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

Not applicable.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

Not applicable.

Page 6
7.3 Data Characteristics

The_e data are in an image format in which the value of a pixel represents the polygon number

_om the original vector data. This number can be _lated to a set of records in the ASCH soils table

files. This soils table file contains parameters for the various polygons. There is a separate soils table

for each map. In the NSA-MSA soils map, lakes are indicated with a polygon number equal to or

greater than 5,000. There is no value in the co_esponding soils table for these lake polygons.

7.3.1 Parameter/Variable

POLYNUM

GRIDLOC

COMPONT

NUMBER

PERCENT

KINDMAT

LANDFRM

PMDEPOI

TXTUREI

TXTMODI

PMDEPO2

TXTURE2

TXTMOD2

PMDEPO3

TXTURE3

TXTMOD3

COFRAGS

SLOPE

DRAINGE

DEPTHWT

PFDISTR

DPTHACT

ICECTNT

DPTHLFH

DPTHORG

SOILDEV

VARIANT

SOILTPI

SOILPHI

SOILTP2

SOILPH2

Page 7
7.3.2 Variable Description/Definition

Binary Raster Image Files

1 , POLYNUM = Number of the map polygon.

2 . GRIDLOC = An alphanumeric grid to be used to find a particular polygon

on the map.

3. COMPONT = Polygon component (landscape element).

The landscape components that make up the area delineated by the polygon. A

polygon may have one or many components. They are listed in order of extent.

Code

D

Class Description

Dominant

Subdominant

Inclusion

W Water

The D#components combined cover >50%

of the land area of a polygon.

The S#components combined cover <50 % of

the land area of a polygon.

Each inclusion covers <15% of the

polygon, but the combined area of

inclusions may be 25%.

Surface water in the form of lakes, ponds,

or streams may cover between 5 and 100% of

a polygon.

4 . NUMBER = Component rank number.

Landscape elements with similar parent material properties are considered to

belong to the same general component. Thus, these elements together form the

dominant or subdominant component in the polygon, but the individual elements

will not be dominant or subdominant. To show the landscape relationship or

parent material association, the elements are considered to belong to the

dominant (D) or subdominant (S) group, but are ranked DI, D2, etc., according

to their relative importance within the group. For example, three drainage

conditions exist on a gently undulating glaciolacustrine blanket. The

well-drained portion occupies 30% of the polygon area, imperfectly drained

conditions exist in 15% of the polygon, and poorly drained areas with a thin

peat cover occupy an additional 10% for a combined total of 55% making this

grouping the dominant component in the polygon. Thus, these three elements

will be labelled DI, D2, and D3, respectively.

In the cases of inclusions (I) and water (W), the rank numbers link these

components either to the dominant or to the subdominant components. The

convention is that an odd rank number (1,3,5.) links the inclusion or water

to the dominant component(s), while an even rank number links it to the

subdominant component(s).

5. PERCENT = Percentage distribution of components.

Percent area is estimated within the nearest 5%. Components <10% are not

listed except for W.

Page 8
6. KINDMAT = Kind of rock outcrop or other material at the surface.

Code Class Description

OR Organic soil

R2 Hard rock, acidic

SO Mineral soil

WA Water

Contains >30% organic matter by weight

Granite

Dominant mineral particles, contains

<30% organic matter by weight

Water

7 . LANDFRM = Local surface form.

Mineral surface forms. Two classes may be combined; for example, "bh" is

hummocky blanket and "vi" is inclined veneer.

Code Class Description

b blanket

d dissected

h hummocky

V

W

Y

Unconsolidated surficial materials >I m thick.

Gullies or valleys dissect the component.

A complex sequence of slopes extending

from concavities of various sizes to

knolls or short, discontinuous ridges.

inclined A sloping, unidirectional surface with

a generally constant slope not broken by

marked irregularity or gullies.

knoll and kettle A very chaotic sequence of knolls,

ridges, and kettles.

level A flat or very gently sloping

unidirectional surface with a generally

constant slope not broken by marked

elevations and depressions; slopes are

generally <2%.

ridged A long, narrow elevation of the

surface, usually distinctly crested with

steep sides.

steep Erosional slopes on both

consolidated and unconsolidated materials.

undulating A regular sequence of gentle slopes

that extends from rounded and, in some

places, confined concavities to broad,

rounded convexities; low local relief with

slopes usually between 2 and 5%.

veneer Unconsolidated surficial materials <I m

thick. Veneers may be continuous or

patchy.

beach, strandline Low ridges with a steeper slope on one

side than on the other.

subdued hummocky A complex sequence of slopes

extending from concavities of various

sizes to knolls. Local topography is <i0 m.

Page 9
Organic Surface Forms.

The classification of landforms is often the case of "best fit." Often

the landform encountered does not quite meet all criteria of any class.

Organic landforms often are intergrades of one form to another.

Code Class

Ba Palsa bog

Bc

Bt

Collapse scar bog

Peat plateau bog

Bv Veneer bog

Fb Basin fen

Fc Collapse scar fen

Fh Horizontal fen

Description

A bog composed of individual or

coalesced palsas, occurring in an unfrozen

peatland. Palsas are mounds of perennially

frozen peat and mineral soil, up to 5 m

high, with a maximum diameter of I00 m.

The surface is highly uneven, often

containing collapse scar bogs.

A circular or oval-shaped wet

depression in a perennially frozen

peatland; the collapse scar bog was once

part of the perennially frozen peatland,

but the permafrost thawed, causing the

surface to subside; the depression is poor

in nutrients, as it is not connected to

the minerotrophic fens in which the palsa

or peat plateau occurs.

A bog composed of perennially frozen

peat, rising abruptly about 1 m from the

surrounding unfrozen fen; the surface is

relatively flat and even, and the bog

commonly covers large areas; the peat was

originally deposited in a nonpermafrost

environment and is associated in many

places with collapse bogs or fens.

A bog occurring on gently sloping

terrain underlain by generally

discontinuous permafrost; although

drainage is predominantly below the

surface, overland flow occurs in poorly

defined drainage-ways during peak runoff;

peat thickness is usually less than 1.5 m.

A fen occupying a topographically

defined basin; however, the basins do not

receive drainage from upstream, and the

fens are thus influenced mainly by local

hydrological conditions; the depth of peat

increases toward the center.

A fen with circular or oval

depressions, up to I00 m occurring in

larger fens, marking the subsidence of

thawed permafrost peatlands. Dead trees,

remnants of the subsided vegetation of

permafrost peatlands, are often evident.

A fen with a very gently sloping

featureless surface; this fen occupies

broad, often ill-defined depressions, and

Page 10
ms

8 ,

Code

AN

FN

Stream fen

may be interconnected with other fens;

peat accumulation is generally uniform.

A fen located in the main channel or

along the banks of permanent or semipermanent streams. This fen is affected by

the water of the stream at normal and

flood stages.

PMDEPOI = Mode of deposition or origin of first (upper) parent material.

Class

Anthropogenic

Bog

Fluvial

Fen

Description

Materials modified by human activity so

that their physical properties have been

drastically altered; they include borrow

pits, gravel pits and road beds.

Bogs consist of unspecified organic

materials associated with an ombrotrophic

environment because the slightly elevated

nature of the bog dissociates it from

nutrient-rich groundwater or surrounding

mineral soils; near the surface, materials

are usually not or very little decomposed

(fibric), yellowish to pale brown, and loose

and spongy in consistency, with entire

sphagnum plants readily identifiable;

these materials are extremely acid, with

low bulk density and high fiber content;

at depths they become darker, compacted,

and somewhat layered; bogs are associated

with slopes or depressions on topography

with a water table at or near the surface

in the spring and slightly below it during

the rest of the year; they are usually

covered with sphagnum mosses, but sedges

may also grow on them; bogs may be treed

or treeless, and many are characterized by

a layer of ericaceous shrubs.

Sediment generally consisting of silt

and clay with a minor fraction of sand and

gravel; gravels are typically rounded;

alluvial sediments are commonly moderately

to well sorted and display stratification.

Fen consists of unspecified organic

materials formed in a minerotrophic

environment because of the close

association of the material with mineralrich waters; it is usually moderately well

to well decomposed, dark brown to black,

with fine- to medium-sized fibers;

decomposition commonly becomes greater at

lower depths; the materials are covered

with a dominant component of sedges or

brown mosses, but grasses, reeds, sphagnum

Page 11
GF Glaciofluvial

GL

O Organic

R Residual

Glaciolacustrine

T Till (Morainal

RK Rock

mosses, shrubs, and trees may be

associated.

Material moved by glaciers and

subsequently sorted and deposited by

streams flowing from the melting ice;

deposits are stratified and may occur in

the form of outwash plains, deltas, kames,

eskers, and kame terraces.

Sediment generally consisting of

either stratified fine sand, silt, and

clay deposited on the glacial lake bed or

moderately well sorted and stratified sand

and coarser materials that are beach and

other near-shore sediments transported and

deposited by wave action; these materials

either have settled from suspension in

bodies of standing freshwater or have

accumulated at their margins through wave

action.

A layered sequence of more than three

types of organic undifferentiated material (>30%

organic matter by weight).

Unconsolidated, weathered, or partly

weathered soil mineral materials that

accumulate by disintegration of bedrock

in place.

Sediment generally consisting of wellcompacted material that is nonstratified

and contains a heterogeneous mixture of

sand, silt, and clay particle sizes and

coarse fragments in a mixture that has

been transported beneath, beside, on,

within, or in front of a glacier and not

modified by any intermediate agent.

A consolidated bedrock layer that is

too hard to break with the hands (>3 on

Mohs' scale) or to dig with a spade when

moist.

9. TXTUREI = Texture of first (upper) parent material.

Soil texture indicates the relative proportions of the various soil separates

in a soil. Soil separates are mineral particles, <2.0 mm in equivalent diameter,

ranging between specified size limits:

Soil separate Diameter (mm)

Very coarse sand 2.0-1.0

Coarse sand 1.0-0.50

Medium sand 0.50-0.25

Fine sand 0.25-0.10

Very fine sand 0.10-0.05

Silt 0.05-0.002

Clay <0.002

Page 12
Coarse fragments are rock or mineral fragments >2.0 mm in diameter:

Coarse fragment Diameter (cm)

Gravel 0.2-7.5

Cobble 7.5-25.0

Sands. Sand is a soil material that contains 85% or more sand; the percentage

of silt plus 1.5 times the percentage of clay does not exceed 15.

Code Class Description

VCS Very Coarse Sand

CS Coarse Sand

S Sand

FS Fine Sand

VFS Very Fine Sand

25% or more very coarse sand, and

less than 50% any other one grade of sand.

25% or more very coarse and coarse

sand, and less than 50% any other grade of

sand.

25% or more very coarse, coarse, and

medium coarse sand (but less than 25% very coarse

and coarse sand), and less than 50% of

either fine or very fine sand.

50% or more fine sand, or less than

25% very coarse, coarse, and medium sand

and less than 50% very fine sand.

50% or more very fine sand.

Loamy Sands. Loamy sand is a soil material that contains at the upper limit

85-90% sand, ar, J the percentage of silt plus 1.5 times the percentage of clay

is not less that. 15; at the lower limit it contains not less than 70-85% sand,

and the perce:.t___e of silt plus twice the percentage of clay does not exceed 30.

Code Cia_:r Description

LCS Loar:y Z_-:,:se Sand

LS Loa:': ._," :

LFS L .." } .' " . ::,J

LVFS i ,- . - - : .r.e

25% or more very coarse and coarse

sand, and less than 50% any other

one grade of sand.

25% or more very coarse, coarse, and

medium sand (but less than 25% very coarse

and coarse sand), and less than 50% fine

or very fine sand.

50% or more fine sand, or less than

50% very fine sand and less than 25% very

coarse, coarse, and medium sand.

50% or more very fine sand.

Page 13
Sandy Loams. Sandy loam is a soil material that contains either 20% clay or less,

with the percentage of silt plus twice the percentage of clay exceeding 30, and

52% or more sand; or less then 7% clay, less than 50% silt, and 43-52% sand.

Code Class Description

CSL Coarse Sandy Loam

SL Sandy Loam

FSL Fine Sandy Loam

VFSL Very Fine Sandy

Loam

25% or more very coarse and coarse

sand and less than 50% any other one

grade of sand.

30% or more very coarse, coarse, and

medium sand (but less than 25% very

coarse and coarse sand), and less than

30% of either very fine or fine sand.

30% or more fine sand and less than

30% very fine sand; or between 15-30%

very coarse, coarse, and medium sand; or

more than 40% fine and very fine sand, at

least half of which is fine sand, and

-less than 15% very coarse, coarse, and

medium sand.

30% or more very fine sand, or more

than 40% fine and very fine sand, at

least half of which is very fine sand,

and less than 15% very coarse, coarse,

and medium sand.

Textures finer tha_ sandy loams:

Code Class Description

L Loam

SIL Silt Loam

SI Silt

SCL Sandy Clay Loam

CL Clay Loam

SICL Silty Clay Loam

SC Sandy Clay

SIC Silty Clay

C Clay

HC Heavy Clay

O Organic

F Fibric

M Mesic

H Humic

7-27% clay, 28-50% silt, and less

than 52% sand.

50% or more silt and 12-27% clay, or

50-80% silt and less than 12% clay.

80% or more silt and less than 12%

clay.

20-35% clay, less than 28% silt, and

45% or more sand.

27-40% clay and 20-45% sand.

27-40% clay and less than 20% sand.

35% or more clay and 45% or more

sand.

40% or more clay and 40% or more

silt.

40% or more clay, less than 45% sand,

and less than 40% silt.

More than 60% clay.

Fiber content undifferentiated.

40% or more rubbed fiber content by

volume.

10% or more and less than 40% fiber

content by volume.

<10% rubbed fiber content by volume.

Page 14
i0. TXTMODI = Texture modifier of first (upper) parent material.

Code Class Description

GR Gravelly

VG Very gravelly

EG Extremely gravelly

MU Mucky

GY Gritty

AY Ashy

WY Woody

15-35% gravel by volume

35-60% gravel by volume

>60% gravel by volume

9-17% organic carbon

Sharp-edged particles present

Quantities of volcanic or organic

ash present

Quantities of woody fragments present

(organic soils).

ii. PMDEPO2 = Mode of deposition or origin of second (middle) parent

material.

12. TXTURE2 = Texture of second (middle) parent material.

13. TXTMOD2 = Texture modifier of second (middle) parent material.

14. PMDEPO3 = Mode of deposition or origin of third (lower) parent

material.

15. TXTURE3 = Texture of third (lower) parent material.

TXTMOD3 = Texture modifier of third lower) parent material.

COFRAGS = Coarse fragment content in control section of mineral soils.

Code Class Description

A <1% by volume

B 1-15%

C 16-35%

D 36-60%

E >60%

# Not applicable

Rounded, subrounded, flat, angular, or

irregular rock fragment from 2 mm to 60 cm

or more in size.

18. SLOPE = Slope gradient class.

The slope is generally the average or common slope of the unit, but in the case

of complex topography, the steepest slope class is listed•

Code Class

1 1-2%

4 3-5%

8 6-9%

13 10-15%

25 16-30%

45 31-60%

Page 15
19.

Code

VR

MW

DRAINGE _ Drainage class.

Class Description

Very rapid

Rapid

Well

Mode:ately well

Water is removed from the soil very

rapidly in relation to supply; excess

water flows downward very rapidly if

underlying material is pervious;

subsurface flow may be very rapid during

heavy rainfall provided the gradient is

steep; source of water is precipitation.

Water is removed from the soil

rapidly in relation to supply; excess

water flows downward if underlying

material is pervious; subsurface flow may

occur on steep gradients during heavy

rainfall; source of water is

precipitation.

Water is removed from the soil

readily but not rapidly; excess water

flows downward readily into underlying

pervious material or laterally as

subsurface flow; these soils commonly

retain optimum amounts of moisture for

plant growth after rains or addition of

irrigation water.

Water is removed from the soil

somewhat slowly in relation to supply;

excess water is removed somewhat slowly

because of low perviousness, shallow water

table, lack of gradient, or some

combination of these; precipitation is the

dominant source of water in medium-to-fine

textured soils; precipitation and

significant additions by subsurface flow

are necessary in coarse textured soils.

Water is removed from the soil

sufficiently slowly in relation to supply

to keep the soil wet for a significant

part of the growing season; excess water

moves slowly downward if precipitation is

the major supply; if subsurface water or

groundwater, or both, is the main source,

the flow rate may vary, but the soil

remains wet for a significant part of the

growing season.

Water is removed so slowly in

relation to supply that the soil remains

wet for a comparatively large part of the

time the soil is not frozen; excess water

is evident in the soil for much of the

time; subsurface flow or groundwater flow,

or both, in addition to precipitation, are

the main sources of water; there may also

Page 16
vP

#

20.

Code

i0

5O

125

20O

#

21.

Code

V

S

D

C

#

22.

Code

5O

i00

#

Very poor

Not applicable

be a perched water table.

Water is removed from the soil so

slowly that the water table remains at or

near the surface for most of the time the

soil is not frozen; groundwater flow and

subsurface flow are the major sources of

water; precipitation is less important

except where there is a perched water

table.

DEPTHWT = Average depth to water table.

Class Description

0-20 cm

20-75 cm

75-150 cm

>150 cm

0-I00 cm

Not applicable

Most shallow water table during growing season.

With perennially frozen subsoil.

(Water, ice, rock.)

PFDISTR = Permafrost distribution or occurrence.

Class Description

Very sporadic

Sporadic

Discontinuous

Continuous

Not applicable

Sparse patches of permafrost are

associated with the component,

Isolated patches or islands of

permafrost occur within the component.

Widespread permafrost occurs within the

component.

Permafrost underlies all or almost

all of the component.

DPTHACT = Depth of active layer (average).

Class Description

35-75 cm

>75 cm.

Top layer of ground subject to annual

thawing and freezing in areas underlain

by permafrost

Not applicable

Page 17
23. ICECTNT = Ice content of permanently frozen layer.

Code Class Description

L Low

M Medium

H High

Ice content (volume) less than

available pore space in nonfrozen soil.

No excess ice; ice content (volume) equal

to pore space of nonfrozen soil.

Excess ice: ice content greater than

pore space in nonfrezen soil; ice usually

in the form of lenses, vein ice, or massive

ground ice.

24. DPTHLFH = Thickness of humus layer (L,F,H)

The thickness of the humus layer is estimated, based on observations in the

field. However, the frequency of forest fires in the area may reduce deep

LFH layers to zero from one year to the next.

Code Class

0 <5 cm

1 5-10 cm

2 11-20 cm

3 21-40 cm

4 >40 cm

# Not applicable (e.g., borrow pit, organic deposits)

25. DPTHORG = Average thickness of peat deposit.

Peat consist of organic material that accumulated under very wet or saturated

conditions.

Code Class

0 <0.2 m

1 0.2-0.6 m

2 0.6-1.6m

3 1.6-3.0m

4 >3.0m

Description

Peat development has just started

(paludification), or depth of peat layer

has been reduced by fire.

Peat depth generally less than 40 cm

if peat depth is rather uniform; or peat

depth is on average about 40 cm but varies

strongly over short distances because of

sphagnum hummock formation.

Shallow peat (fens and bogs).

Deep peat.

Very deep peat.

Page 18
26. SOILDEV = Soil development (soil classification).

The dominant soil development associated with the polygon component. Other

kinds of soil development are usually present, but only as inclusions.

Code Class

Brunisolic

EDYB

GLEDYB

EEB

GLEEB

Eluviated Dystric Brunisol

Gleyed Eluviated Dystric Brunisol

Eluviated Eutric Brunisol

Gleyed Eluviated Eutric Brunisol

Gleysolic

OHG

RHG

OG

FEG

OLG

HULG

Orthic Humic Gleysol

Rego Humic Gleysol

Orthic Gleysol

Ferric Gleysol

Orthic Luvic Gleysol

" Humic Luvic Gleysol

Luvisolic

OGL

DGL

GLGL

GLDGL

Orthic Gray Luvisol

Dark Gray Luvisol

Gleyed Gray Luvisol

Gleyed Dark Gray Luvisol

Organic

TYF

MEF

TF

TMEF

HYF

TYM

FIM

TM

TFIM

THUM

TH

TFIH

TMEH

Typic Fibrisol

Mesic Fibrisol

Terric Fibrisol

Terric Mesic Fibrisol

Hydric Fibrisol

Typic Mesisol

Fibric Mesisol

Terric Mesisol

Terric Fibric Mesisol

Terric Mesic Humisol

Terric Humisol

Terric Fibric Humisol

Terric Mesic Humisol

Cryosolic

OSC

RSC

OTC

RTC

FIOC

MEOC

HUOC

TFIOC

TMEOC

THUOC

Orthic Static Cryosol

Regosolic Static Cryosol

Orthic Turbic Cryosol

Regosolic Turbic Cryosol

Fibric Organic Cryosol

Mesic Organic Cryosol

Humic Organic Cryosol

Terric Fibric Organic Cryosol

Terric Mesic Organic Cryosol

Terric Humic Organic Cryosol

Page 19
27. VARIANT = Classification variant or phase.

Code Class

c Cryic

1 Lithic

p Peaty

Description

This designation has been used to

identify Luvisolic soils with permafrost

within the control section. These soils

are at present not recognized in the

Canadian System of Soil Classification.

A soil that has a lithic contact

within the control section.

A soil that has a peaty layer 15-40

cm thick.

28. SOILTPI = Dominant soil type associated with polygon component.

The dominant soil type listed represents the soils that occupy >50% of the

component. The soil type may be a soil series, which is a soil type defined

within narrow limits, or a group of soils that vary to some extent in texture,

depth of profile, etc. The soil type used to identify organic landscape

components is the soil that best represents the group or complex of soils

associated with that particular landscape component. The organic soil type

usually represents related, but sometimes quite different, soils. These

variations may include peat depth, presence or absence of certain peat

layers, variation in peat decomposition, etc.

29. SOILPHI = Soil phase or variant associated with dominant soil type.

The soil phase or variant is used to identify more specifically the dominant

soil type. These soils vary to some degree from the model because of

differences in parent material (stratification, texture), depth of the LFH

layer, peaty surface, coarse fragment content, etc.

Code Class

d Deep

h Humus

s Shallow

v Very deep

w Very shallow

x Complex

1,2,3 Variant number

Description

A soil that is relatively deep.

A soil with a relatively deep duff layer.

A soil that is relatively shallow.

A soil that is very deep.

A soil that is very shallow.

A soil that varies in a number of

properties from the model (series concept).

A soil that varies in one or more

specific properties from the series

concept.

30. SOILTP2 = Subdominant soil type associated with polygon component.

The subdominant soil type listed represents the soils that occupy <50% of the

component. The soil t.ype may be a soil series, which is a soil type defined

within narrow limits, or a group of soils that vary to some extent in texture,

depth of profile, etc. The soil type used to identify organic landscape

components is the soil that best represents the group or complex of soils

associated with that particular landscape component. The organic soil type

Page 20
usually represents related, but sometimes quite differen,t soils. These

variations may include peat depth, presence or absence of certain peat

layers, variation in peat decomposition etc.

31. SOILPH2 = Soil phase or variant associated with subdominant soil type.

The soil phase or variant is used to identify more specifically

the subdominant soil type component. (See no. 29 for codes).

7.3.3 Unit of Measurement

See Section 7.3.2.

7.3.4 Data Source

The original soils mapping was performed by using a combination of field samples of the soil and

aerial photographs. These digital map data provide investigators with a continuous surface of soil

parameters that can be used for modeling purposes.

7.3.5 Data Range

Image files:

Each pixel in the image files contains the polygon number value. This value is matched to the polygon

number listed in the corresponding ASCII soils table file. The values for that polygon number apply to

that polygon.

7.4 Sample Data Record

Sample data records from the binary images are not appropriate here. The following three sample

records illustrate how the data are formatted in the ASCII soils table files. Each column is in a

fixed-length format. The column labels are written vertically. Because the records are so long, they are

presented here in two groups.

P G CRP K L P T T P T T P T T CSD D PD

0 R OAE I A M X X M X X M X X OLR E FP

L I MNR N N D T D T T D T T FOA P DT

Y D PKC D D E U M E U M E U M RPI T IH

N L ONE M F P R O P R 0 O R O AEN H SA

U O NUN A R 0 E D O E D O E D G G W TC

M C TMT T M 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 S E T RT

001 F1 D 1 65 R2 h RK # # # # # # # # # C # #

001 F1 D 2 20 SO vh GL HC - RK - - A B MW -

001 F1 I 1 15 SO bh GL HC - A B I 125

# #

IDDS VS SS S

CPPO AO OO 0

ETTI RI II I

CHHL IL LL L

TLOD AT PT P

NFRE NP HP H

THGV T1 12 2

# # # # $AR

- 1 # OGL 1 WRL

- 1 # GLGL ROK LPR p

Page 21
8. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

The smallest unit of data for this data set is the data set itself. The image files contain either binary

8-bit (1-byte) values or binary 16-bit (2-byte) values with the low-order byte first. The ASCII soils

table files contain text records with the values on the records in a fixed format.

8.2 Data Format(s)

8.2.1 Uncompressed Data Files

The binary raster file that covers the NSA-MSA is distributed as 16-bit integers with the low order

byte first. The binary raster files of the tower sites are distributed as 8-bit integers. The soils table files

that indicate the soil parameters for the polygons in each map are distributed as ASCII text files. The

overall content of this product is:

File 1 ASCII header file describing the product

File 2 NSA-MSA Binary Soil Map

File 3 NSA-OBS Tower Area Binary Soil Map

File 4 NSA-Fen Tower Area Binary Soil Map

File 5 NSA-OJP Tower Area Binary Soil Map

File 6 NSA-OA TE Tower Area Binary Soil Map

File 7 NSA-YJP Tower Area Binary Soil Map

File 8 NSA-MSA Soil Polygon Data Table (ASCII)

File 9 NSA-OBS Soil Polygon Data Table (ASCII)

File I0 NSA-Fen Soils Polygon Data Table (ASCII)

File ii NSA-OJP Soil Polygon Data Table (ASCII)

File 12 NSA-OA Soil Polygon Data Table (ASCII)

File 13 NSA-YJP Soil Polygon Data Table (ASCII)

The files have the following characteristics:

Record Size

File # (Bytes) Bytes/Pixel # Records

File 1 80 N/A 36

File 2 2572 2 989

File 3 130 1 130

File 4 130 1 130

File 5 130 1 130

File 6 130 1 130

File 7 130 1 130

File 8 I00 N/A 936

File 9 I00 N/A 117

File i0 i00 N/A 117

File Ii I00 N/A 39

File 12 I00 N/A 39

File 13 I00 N/A 78

8.2.2 Compressed CD-ROM Files

On the BOREAS CD-ROMs, files I and 8-13 listed above are stored as ASCII text files; however,

files 2-7 have been compressed with the Gzip compression program (file name *.gz). These data have

been compressed using gzip version 1.2.4 and the high compression (-9) option (Copyright (C)

1992-1993 Jean-loup Gailly). Gzip (GNU zip) uses the Lempel-Ziv algorithm (Welch, 1994) used in

the zip and PKZIP programs. The compressed files may be uncompressed using gzip (-d option) or

Page 22
gunzip. Gzip is available from many Web sites (for example, ftp site

prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/gzip-*.*) for a variety of operating systems in both executable and source

code form. Versions of the decompression software for various systems are included on the

CD-ROMs.

9. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

The reader is referred to the detailed report submitted by Dr. Veldhuis for details on the derivation

of the original maps.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

The data were received from Dr. Veldhuis as DLG files. These files were read into ARC/INFO and

gridded to 30-meter (NSA-MSA) and 10-meter (tower sites) cell sizes. These gridded data sets were

then written out as binary raster files.

9.2.1 Processing Steps

BOREAS Information System (BORIS) staff processed these data by:

• Reading in DLG files to ARC/INFO.

° Gridding ARC/INFO coverages into ARC/INFO GRID format.

• Writing out gridded data from ARC/INFO GRID to flat raster files.

• Writing out raster files to tape. 5) Copying the ASCII and compressing the binary files for

release on CD-ROM.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None.

9.3 Calculations

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

The maps that covered the tower sites had the towers indicated on them and were centered on the

tower location. Because we have precise Global Positioning System (GPS) locations of the towers, the

gridded maps of the towers were shifted so that the tower location from the map matched the GPS

location. This should improve the locational accuracy of the tower soils maps.

9.3.2 Calculated Variables

None.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None.

Page 23
10. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

Errors could result from the change in format from vector to raster. However, the raster images

were thoroughly checked and compared to the original vector data to avoid such problems. The vector

data came from an original mapping using data collected directly from the field along with aerial

photos. Errors could arise from a typographical error in the field notes.

10.2 Quality Assessment

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

Any data validation or accuracy assessment would have to have been made by the original source.

Please refer to the report mentioned in Section 5.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

The accuracy of these data is considered very good, especially because GPS coordinates were used

to locate the soils mapping at the tower locations.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

Unknown.

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

None.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

BORIS personnel viewed and compared the images with the original vector data to identify any

possible discrepancies.

11. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

The report by Dr. Veldhuis may indicate some limitations of the soil mapping.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

None.

11.3 Usage Guidance

Before uncompressing the Gzip files on CD-ROM, be sure that you have enough disk space to

hold the uncompressed data files. Then use the appropriate decompression program provided on the

CD-ROM for your specific system.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

For more information on this data set, please consult the soils report by Dr. Veldhuis.

12. Application of the Data Set

This data set was created for BOREAS investigators who need soils data in the vicinity of the flux

towers and the MSA.

Page 24
None.

13. Future Modifications and Plans

14. Software

14.1 Software Description

ARC/INFO GIS software was used to grid these data from their original vector form. This

software is a product of Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI). Gzip (GNU zip) uses

the Lempel-Ziv algorithm (Welch, 1994) used in the zip and PKZIP commands.

14.2 Software Access

ARC/INFO is proprietary software with copyright protection. Contact ESRI for details.

Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.

380 New York Street

Redland, CA 92373-8100

Gzip is available from many Web sites across the Internet (for example, ftp site

prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/gzip-*.*) for a variety of operating systems in both executable and source

code form. Versions of the decompression software for various systems are included on the

CD-ROMs.

15. Data Access

The raster format NSA soils data are available from the Earth Observing System Data and Information

System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center

(DAAC).

15.1 Contact Information

For BOREAS data and documentation please contact:

ORNL DAAC t'_cr Sen'ices

Oak Ridge National Lalx_ratory

P.O. Box 200g .MS4-.-107

Oak Ridge. TN 37S31 -_',--107

Phone: (423t 241-3_)52

Fax: (423) 574-a,¢,_,5

E-mail: omldaac(a trod.gin or oml@eos.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

Earth Ob,,cra in,,,:"S_ ,,tern Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory

(ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics

http://www-eo,,d i,.oml .gin/.

15.3 Procedures r.r Obtaining Data

Users may obtain data directly through the ORNL DAAC online search and order system

[http://www-eosdis.oml.gov/] and the anonymous FTP site [ftp://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/data/] or by

contacting User Services by electronic mail, telephone, fax, letter, or personal visit using the contact

information in Section 15.1.

Page 25
15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The ORNL DAAC is the primary source for BOREAS field measurement, image, GIS, and

hardcopy data products. The BOREAS CD-ROM and data referenced or listed in inventories on the

CD-ROM are available from the ORNL DAAC.

16. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

These data are available on 1600 or 6250 Bytes Per Inch (BPI) 8-mm, Digital Archive Tape

(DAT), or 9-track tapes.

16,2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

These data are available on the BOREAS CD-ROM series.

17. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

ARC/INFO User's Guide (Version 7). 1994. Redlands, CA.

See the report by Dr. Veldhuis for reference information.

Welch, T.A. 1984. A Technique for High Performance Data Compression. IEEE Computer, Vol. 17,

No. 6, pp. 8-19.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. MorrelI, J. Nickeson,

A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. 2000. Collected Data of The

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM.

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94).

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B.

Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D. Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal

ecosystem-atmosphere study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year.

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9): 1549-1577.

Page 26
Sellers,P.J.,F.G.Hall, R.D.Kelly, A. Black, D.Baldocchi,J.Berry,M. Ryan,K.J.Ranson,P.M.

Crill, D.P.Lettenmaier,H. Margolis,J.Cihlar,J.Newcomer,D. Fitzjarrald,P.G.Jarvis,S.T.

Gower,D. Halliwell, D. Williams,B.Goodison,D.E.Wickland,andF.E.Guertin.1997.BOREAS

in 1997:ExperimentOverview,ScientificResultsandFutureDirections.Journalof Geophysical

Research102(D24):28,731-28,770.

17.3 Archive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

None.

18. Glossary of Terms

AEAC

ASCII

BOREAS

BORIS

BPI

CD-ROM

DAAC

DAT

DLG

EOS

EOSDIS

GIS

GMT

GPS

GRS80

GSFC

MSA

NAD27

NAD83

NASA

NSA

OA

OBS

OJP

ORNL

PANP

SSA

TE

URL

WGS84

WWW

YJP

19. List of Acronyms

- Albers Equal-Area Conic

- American Standard Code for Information Interchange

- BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

- BOREAS Information System

- Bytes Per Inch

- Compact Disk-Read-Only-Memory

- Distributed Active Archive Center

- Digital Archive Tape

- Digital Line Graph

- Earth Observing System

- EOS Data and Information System

- Geographic Information System

- Greenwich Mean Time

- Global Positioning System

- Geodetic Reference System of 1980

- Goddard Space Flight Center

- Modeling Sub-Area

- North American Datum of 1927

- North American Datum of 1983

- National Aeronautics and Space Administration

- Northern Study Area

- Old Aspen

- Old Black Spruce

- Old Jack Pine

- Oak Ridge National Laboratory

- Prince Albert National Park

- Southern Study Area

- Terrestrial Ecology

- Uniform Resource Locator

- Worldwide Geodetic System of 1984

- World Wide Web

- Young Jack Pine

Page 27
20. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 31-Mar- 1997

Last Updated: 29-Nov- 1999

20.2 Document Review Dates

BORIS Review: 02-Mar- 1997

Science Review:

20.3 Document ID

20.4 Citation

When using these data, please include the following acknowledgment as well as citations of

relevant papers in Section 17.2:

The raster version of these data was created by BORIS staff from the vector version supplied by

Dr. Veldhuis. The efforts of Dr. Veldhuis and BORIS staff in creating these data are greatly

appreciated.

If using data from the BOREAS CD-ROM series, also reference the data as:

Dr. Hugo Veldhuis, "Multidiscipline Integrative Models of Forest Ecosystem Dynamics for the

Boreal Forest Biome: Modeling Gas and Energy Fluxes from Landscapes." In Collected Data of The

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. Eds. J. Newcomer, D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K.

Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J. Nickeson, A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F.

Hall, and P. Sellers. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

Also, cite the BOREAS CD-ROM set as:

Newcomer, J.. D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J.

Nickeson, A. Papagno. D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. Collected Data of

The Boreal Ecosystcm-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

20.5 Documenl Curator

20.6 Document I'RL

Page 28

Form Approved

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing Instructions, searching existing data sources,

gathering and maintaining the data needed, and c0mplet]ngand reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this

colIection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson

Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

October 2000 Technical Memorandum

irll • i1 I [

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS

Technical Report Series on the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

BOREAS TE-20 Soils Data over the NSA-MSA and Tower Sites in Raster

Format 923

6.AUTHOR(S) RTOP: 923-462-33-01

Hugo Veldhuis and David Knapp

Forrest G. Hall, Editor

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

9.SPONSORING/ MONITORINGAGENCYNAME(S)AND ADDRESS(ES)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Washington, DC 20546-0001

8. PEFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

2000-03136-0

10. SPONSORING / MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

TM--2000-20989 l

Vol. 181

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

H. Veldhuis: Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba;

D. Knapp: Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland

12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

Unclassified-Unlimited

Subject Category: 43

Report available from the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information,

7121 Standard Drive, Hanover, MD 21076-1320. (301) 621-0390.

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

The BOREAS TE-20 team collected several data sets for use in developing and testing models of

forest ecosystem dynamics. This data set was gridded from vector layers of soil maps that were received from Dr. Hugo Veldhuis, who did the original mapping in the field during 1994. The vector

layers were gridded into raster files that cover the NSA-MSA and tower sites. The data are stored in

binary, image format files.

14.SUBJECTTERMS

BOREAS, terrestrial ecology, forest ecosystem.

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF REPORT

Unclassified

NSN 7540-01-280-5500

18. SECURrrY CLASSIFICATION

OF THIS PAGE

Unclassified

19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified

15. NUMBER OF PAGES

28

16. PRICE CODE

20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

UL

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)

Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

298-102