1983 BUILDING

TECHNOLOGY

PUBUCATIONS

US. Department of Commerce

National Bureau of Standards

Special Publication 457-8

1984
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The National Bureau of Standards' was established by an act of Congress on March 3, 1901, The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology

and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts

research and provides: (1) a basis for the Nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to promote public safety. The Bureau's technical work is per- formed by the National Measurement Laboratory, the National Engineering Laboratory, and

the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology.

THE NATIONAL MEASUREMENT LABORATORY provides the national system of

physical and chemical and materials measurement; coordinates the system with measurement

systems of other nations and furnishes essential services leading to accurate and uniform

physical and chemical measurement throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry,

and commerce; conducts materials research leading to improved methods of measurement,

standards, and data on the properties of materials needed by industry, commerce, educational

institutions, and Government; provides advisory and research services to other Government

agencies; develops, produces, and distributes Standard Reference Materials; and provides

calibration services. The Laboratory consists of the following centers:

Absolute Physical Quantities^ — Radiation Research — Chemical Physics —

Analytical Chemistry — Materials Science

THE NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY provides technology and technical ser- vices to the public and private sectors to address national needs and to solve national problems; conducts research in engineering and applied science in support of these efforts; builds and maintains competence in the necessary disciplines required to carry out this research and technical service; develops engineering data and measurement capabilities;

provides engineering measurement traceability services; develops test methods and proposes

engineering standards and code changes; develops and proposes new engineering practices;

and develops and improves mechanisms to transfer results of its research to the ultimate user. The Laboratory consists of the following centers:

Applied Mathematics — Electronics and Electrical Engineering^ — Manufacturing

Engineering — Building Technology — Fire Research — Chemical Engineering^

THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY conducts

research and provides scientific and technical services to aid Federal agencies in the selection, acquisition, application, and use of computer technology to improve effectiveness and

economy in Government operations in accordance with Public Law 89-306 (40 U.S.C. 759), relevant Executive Orders, and other directives; carries out this mission by managing the Federal Information Processing Standards Program, developing Federal ADP standards

guidelines, and managing Federal participation in ADP voluntary standardization activities; provides scientific and technological advisory services and assistance to Federal agencies; and

provides the technical foundation for computer-related policies of the Federal Government.

The Institute consists of the following centers:

Programming Science and Technology — Computer Systems Engineering.

'Headquarters and Laboratories at Gaithersburg, MD, unless otherwise noted; mailing address Washington, DC 20234. 'Some divisions within the center are located at Boulder, CO 80303.
BUILDING

TECHNOLOGY

PUBLICATIONS

Supplement 8: 1983

Linda Beavers, Editor

Center for Building Technology

National Engineering Laboratory

National Bureau of Standards

Gaithersburg, Md. 20899

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director

June 1984

National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 457-8

Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Spec. Publ. 457-8, 90 pages (June 1984) CODEN: XNBSAV

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

Washington: 1984 •

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402

INTRODUCTION

This report presents the National Bureau of Standards' Center

for Building Techology (CBT) publications for 1983. It is the

eighth supplement to NBS Special Publication 457, Building

Technology Publications, and lists CBT documents published

during the period January 1 to December 31, 1983. It includes

titles and abstracts of each NBS publication and each paper

published in non-NBS media, key word and author indexes,

and general information and instructions on how to order CBT

publications.

This report communicates the results of CBT research to various technical audiences and to the general public. Publications constitute a major end product to CBT's efforts and, in 1983, appeared in several NBS publication series (Building Sci- ence Series, Technical Notes, Special Publications, NBS In- teragency Reports, Grant/Contract Reports, and the Journal of

Research) and media such as technical and trade publications. Publications listed as non-NBS media have each been as- signed a five-digit number. NBS publication series abbreviations are: BSS - Building Science Series

TN - Technical Note

SP - Special Publication

J. Res. - Journal of Research

NBSIR - National Bureau of Standards Interagency Report

GCR - Grant/Contract Report

This report is divided into three main sections. The first, 77-

tles and Abstracts, provides the report title, author(s), date of

publication, selected key words, and an abstract of each NBS

publication and each paper published in an outside source. The

Author Index cites each CBT author and gives the publication title and/or number referencing documents listed in this supplement. The Key Word Index is a subject index, listing

word summaries of the building research topics for each publication and paper. By selecting a main word or subject,

which are listed alphabetically, the user is able to locate reports

of interest through the subject-related words found in the

key word index.

CBT is part of the National Engineering Laboratory, National Bureau of Standards. NBS undertakes research in various

areas. Interested readers will find other NBS publications

Usted in NBS Special Publication 305-15, Publications of the National Bureau ofStandards 1983, from which parts of this re- port have been taken.
OBTAINING

PUBLICATIONS

Most current CBT publications (excluding NBS Interagency

Reports and Grant/Contract Reports) are available from the Su- perintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Microfiche and paper copies of

most CBT publications may be ordered through the National

Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce,

Springfield, VA 22161. Two other sources are depository li- braries (libraries designated to receive Government publications) and Department of Commerce District Offices. The

current price list and availability of publications listed in this report are given in Appendix C. The depository libraries listed in Appendix A receive selected publication series of the National Bureau of Standards for general reference use. While every Government publication

cannot be sent to all depository libraries, certain designated

Regional libraries are required to receive and retain one copy

of all Government publications made available either in printed or microfiche form. To obtain information on which

publications are available, please contact the depository li- brary in your area. Department of Commerce District Offices are maintained in the cities listed in Appendix B. Their purpose is to provide

ready access at the local level to publications, statistical statements, and surveys. Each District Office serves as an offi- cial sales agency of the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. These offices make available for local purchase a wide range of Government publications.

The reference library maintained by each District Office contains many Government and private publications, periodicals,

directories, reports, and other reference materials.
TITLES AND ABSTRACTS 1

Building Science Series 2

Technical Notes 3

Special Publications 4

journal oi Kesearcn 1 7

NBS Interagency Reports 18

Grant/Contract Reports 25

Papers Published in Non-NBS Media 26

AUTHOR INDEX 35

KEY WORD INDEX 41

APPENDIX A 65

Depository Libraries in the United States

APPENDIX B 80

District Offices of the U.S. Department of Commerce

APPENDIX C

CBT Publication Order Numbers and Price List

82

TITLES

AND ABSTRACTS
BUILDING

SCIENCE

SERIES

Building Science Series reports disseminate technical information developed at the Bureau on building materials, components, systems, and whole structures. The series presents research results, test methods, and performance criteria related to the structural and

environmental functions and the durability and safety characteristics of building elements and systems.

BSS146. Fattal, S. G. Evaluation of construction loads in multistory concrete buUdings. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Bldg. ScL Ser. 146; 1983 February. 139 p. SN003-003-02465-1. Key words: concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction

loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory construction; shored construction.

Construction loads in a multistory flat plate concrete building were

measured using strain-gaged metal shores and an analog recorder. The

instrumented shores were placed within an interior bay of the third story under the formwork for the fourth story floor slab, and loads on

the shores were measured continuously over a 24-hour period during

the casting and partial curing cycle of that slab. The loads on some of

these shores, when subsequently used as reshores in the same bay, were measured during an 8-hour period which included the casting of

the fifth story floor slab. A time-lapse camera, operating

synchronously with the load data acquisition system, gathered

simultaneous photographic evidence of the construction activities during load monitoring periods. This report presents a complete documentation of the field data in compact form for subsequent use in related studies. The load data is interpreted and compared with

construction load and design provisions of current standards.

BSS150. Kao, J. Y.; Sushinsky, G.; Didion, D. A.; Mastascusa, E. J.; Chi, J. Low-Toitage room thermostat performance. Natl. Bur. Stand.

(U.S.) Bldg. Sci. Ser. 150; 1983 April. 46 p. SN003-003-02478-3. Key words: room temperature control; temperature controller; thermostat evaluation; thermostat modeling; thermostat test; twoposition control. To predict performance of low voltage electric thermostats in a dynamic building system, a computer model representing two types of thermal feedback was developed. Unlike the information obtained from existing test standards, this model allows thermostat performance to be determined under any load conditions. As input to the model, the basic parameters of thermostat performance were first identified and then determined experimentally in a controlled laboratory facility. The experimental results from the tests were used

as input parameters for the simulation model. Based upon the results from the simulation model and test results on four commerciallyavailable thermostats, a switch-feedback model computer simulation is recommended for studying low-voltage room thermostat performance.

BSS151. Simiu, E.; Leigh, S. D. Turbulent wind effects on tension leg platform surge. Natl. Bur Stand. (U.S.) Bldg. ScL Ser 151; 1983 March. 46 p. SN003-003-02479-1. Key words: compliant platforms; ocean engineering; offshore

platforms; structural engineering; tension leg platforms; turbulence; waves; wind loads. A procedure is presented for estimating surge response to turbulent wind in the presence of current and waves. The procedure accounts

for the nonlinearity of the hydrodynamic forces with respect to surge and for the coupling of aerodynamic and hydrodynamic effects. It is shown that current wind spectra do not model correctly the wind

speed fluctuations at very low frequencies and an alternative model of

the wind spectrum, consistent with fundamental principles, is presented. The equation of surge motion under turbulent wind in the presence of current and waves is solved for typical tension leg platforms, and it is shown that under extreme wave conditions the damping provided by the hydrodynamic forces precludes the occurrence of significant wind-induced resonant amplification effects even if the drag coefficient in the Morison equation is very small (e.g., Cd=0.1). It is verified that for the platforms being investigated the use of a one-minute wind speed to represent the effect of the mean wind

and of the turbulent wind fluctuations is acceptable for the purpose of

estimating peak surge response.

BSS152. Gillette, G. A daylighting model for building energy

simulation. Natl Bur Stand. (U.S.) Bldg ScL Ser 152; 1983 March.

135 p. SN003-003-02487-2. Key words: building computer simulation; building energy

performance; clerestory performance; daylighting; skylight

performance; window performance.

A computer model is outlined for estimating the annual energy performance of a daylighted building. The daylighting model is a system of FORTRAN subroutines designed for inclusion into larger building energy simulation programs such as DOE-2, BLAST, and NBSLD. Once incorporated into the main energy program, these subroutines will allow the existing program to account for the energy

tradeoffs associated with natural illumination. The daylighting model, DALITE, comprises three separate

routines to do three separate functions. The fu'st routine generates hourly sky luminances and sky illuminances as well as direct sun

illuminance, taking solar radiation and sun position data as input. The

second predicts interior daylight illumination at various points within a room due to any number of windows, skylights or clerestories. The

last routine adjusts the electric lighting load (via photoelectric

controls) in response to the available daylight. Unlike other

daylighting estimation techniques, this model is a dynamic model

designed to study how conditions change with time. It has a further advantage in that it can be easily installed into most existing models

written in FORTRAN 77.

BSS154. Reed, D. A.; Simiu, E. Wind loading and strength of cladding

glass. Natl. Bur Stand (U.S.) Bldg. ScL Ser 154; 1983 May. 49 p. SN003-003-02480-5. Key words: aerodynamics; buildings; deformation; engineering mechanics; failure; glass; loads (forces); probability theory. A procedure for investigating glass cladding behavior under

arbitrary loads, including fluctuating wind loads, is presented. The

procedure accounts for the fact that internal stresses are nonlinear

functions of the external loads, that initial glass strengths are random

functions of position and direction, and that glass strength undergoes

degradation under the action of external loads in accordance with

basic fracture mechanics laws. Numerical examples are presented, and

corresponding probability distribution curves are calculated, indicating the probability of failure of a specified panel subjected to fluctuating wind loads and to 1 -minute constant loads. These curves

are used to illustrate a method for assessing current glass cladding

design procedures. For the case considered in the paper, it was found

that transformation of the peak wind load averaged over 1-2 seconds

2
into an equivalent 1 -minute load appears to underestimate the

probability of failure of glass cladding. The work reported in the paper is part of an ongoing window cladding research program being conducted at the National Bureau of Standards.

BSS155. Domanski, P.; Didion, D. Computer modeling of the vapor compression cycle with constant flow area expansion device. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Bldg. Sci. Ser. 155; 1983 May. 162 p. SN003-003-

02500-3. Key words: air conditioner; capillary tube; coil; compressor;

condenser; evaporator; expansion device; heat pump; modeling; vapor compression cycle. An analysis of the vapor compression cycle and the main

components of an air source heat pump during steady-state operation has been performed with emphasis on fundamental phenomena taking

place between key locations in the refrigerant system. The basis of the general heat pump model formulation is the logic which links the

analytical models of heat pump components together in a format

requiring an iterative solution of refrigerant pressure, enthalpy and

mass balances. The modeling effort emphasis was on the local thermodynamic

phenomena which were described by fundamental heat transfer equations and equation of state relationships among material

properties. In the compressor model several refrigerant locations were

identified and the processes taking place between these locations accounted for all significant heat and pressure losses. Evaporator and

condenser models were developed on a tube-by-tube basis where

performance of each coil tube is computed separately by considering

the cross-flow heat transfer with the external air stream and the appropriate heat and mass transfer relationships. A capillary tube model was formulated with the aid of Fanno flow theory.

The developed heat pump model has been validated by checking

computer results against laboratory test data for full and part load operation for the cooling/dehumidifying mode as well as the heating

mode under frosting conditions.

BSS156. Kusuda, T.; Piet, O.; Bean, J. W. Annual variation of temperature field and heat transfer under heated ground surfaces

(slab-on-grade floor heat loss calculation). Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Bldg. ScL Ser. 156; 1983 June. 67 p. SN003-003-0251 1-9.

Key words: ASHRAE design values; building heat transfer; Delsante method; earth temperature; slab-on-grade heat transfer;

soil temperature.

Seasonal sub-surface ground temperature profiles and surface heat

transfer were determined for the condition whereby one and more

than one region of the earth's surface temperature were disturbed. The analysis was conducted by numerical integration using a closed form solution based on the Green's function. Monthly profiles of

earth temperature isotherms under a house of 20'X20' (6.1mX6.1m)

floor area and under a ground of six houses near a wooded area are

presented. The heat losses calculated from this approach for square

slabs of various sizes were compared with those derived from the recent analytical solution of Delsante et al. resulting in good

agreement. The Delsante solution, which is based upon a Fourier Transform

technique, is then extended to generate the frequency domain thermal

response factors suitable for the periodic heat transfer calculation for multi-layer slab floors on grade. In the appendix, this thermal response factor method was used to generate annual cycles of monthly heat loss from several slab floor constructions shown in the 1981 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals. The maximum values of these monthly slab floor heat

losses agree relatively well with the ASHRAE design values.

BSS157. Hyland, R. W.; Hurley, C. W. General guidelines for the onsite calibration of humidity and moisture control systems in buildings. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S) Bldg. Sci. Ser. 157; 1983 September. 56 p. SN003-003-02529-1. Key words: chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature;

humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity

sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity;

saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor precision;

specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature. The control of the moisture content in the air in buildings directly

affects the comfort of the building occupants and is one of the more

important tasks of an energy management and control system

(EMCS). Unfortunately, a lack of understanding of the principles of

operation and calibration of the various instrumentation used in monitoring the moisture content of air often makes this one of the most difficult and most neglected tasks for those assigned the

responsibility of maintaining and operating building heating,

ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) control systems. This report was written for the purpose of assisting the managers

and operators of EMCS in buildings in the understanding and use of

various techniques for on-site measurement of the moisture content in the air. In addition, various methods of on-site calibration of typical types of moisture monitoring instruments are also discussed. The ideal gas law is reviewed because of its direct application in converting the various humidity units. Relative humidity and dew

point temperature are defined and their relationship described. Typical types of moisture monitoring instruments are described

together with their method of operation. Several calibration techniques are discussed together with their typical advantages and

disadvantages. The last section of this report is devoted to the

assessing and reporting of the errors or uncertainties associated with

the calibration and functioning of various moisture monitoring

instruments. This very important area is often neglected and can

result in excessive operating and maintenance costs. TECHNICAL

NOTES

Technical Notes present data which are complete in themselves but

are not as comprehensive in scope or as definitive in treatment of the

subjects as reported in Building Science Series.

TN1113-3. Flynn, D. R.; Yaniv, S. L. Highway noise criteria study: Relations among frequency rating procedures. Natl. Bur. Stand.

(U.S.) Tech. Note 1113-3; 1983 February. 57 p. SN003-003-02474-1. Key words: acoustics; environmental pollution; highway noise; motor vehicle noise; noise; noise control; sound; traffic noise; transportation noise. A series of calculations was performed to ascertain how well one

frequency-weighted rating, such as weighted sound level, loudness

level, or perceived noise level, may be predicted from another such

rating. A total of 103 average sound level spectra, measured at several distances from different types of highways, were used in these

calculations. It was found that knowing a single noise rating, such as the A-weighted sound level, enables one to predict other outdoor

ratings in this set of 103 spectra with a standard deviation of the order

of 1 to 2 dB. If, in addition, traffic speed and mix and the distance to the highway are taken into account, these standard deviations can be reduced to 0.5 to 1 dB, depending upon the particular noise rating of

interest. Equations are given for predicting one rating from another;

the associated standard deviations are presented as a measure of how

well any given rating can be predicted from a single measured, or otherwise known, noise rating. It is concluded that it is not very

critical which frequency-weighting procedure is used in conjunction with highway noise criteria since one descriptor can be predicted

3
from another with a rather small statistical uncertainty. Thus, if human response criteria, or stimulus-response relationships, have been developed in terms of one frequency-weighting procedure, these may

be translated into equivalent criteria expressed in terms of a metric

that is easier to measure or predict.

TN1174. Treado, S.; Bamett, J.; Kusuda, T. Energy and cost evaluation of solar window film use in an office building. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Tech. Note 1174; 1983 March. 127 p. SN003-(X)3-02483-

0. Key words: building energy analysis; cooling loads; heating

loads; solar film; solar heat gain; window management.

The impact of solar window film utilization on building HVAC

system loads, energy consumption and costs, is examined for a typical

office building. The evaluation includes characterization and measurement of important film properties, performance of single- glazing window systems with and without film, simulation of annual

building energy performance using the DOE-2 computer program, and a life-cycle cost analysis. Six window film options are compared

to clear glass performance for seven climatic regions throughout the United States. Guidelines are developed for effective solar film utilization in office buildings, in terms of energy performance and cost-effectiveness. Results indicate that solar films can be effective in reducing building energy requirements and costs in areas with high cooling loads, with

less savings expected in areas with lower cooling loads and higher

heating loads, and no savings in regions with high heating loads.

TN1180. Howett, G. L. Size of letters required for visibility as a

function of viewing distance and observer visual acuity. NatL Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Tech. Note 1180; 1983 July. 72 p. SN(X)3-003-02502-0. Key words: acuity, visual; angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing; letters; luminance; resolution, eye; signs; Snellen chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle. A formula is derived giving the letter stroke-width needed for

legibility of words on a sign at any given distance by an observer with any given visual acuity. The stroke width, in turn, determines the

letter size, depending upon the characteristics of the type face used. The derivation is strictly mathematical and is based on the assumption

that beyond a distance of a few meters, a person's visual acuity is specifiable by a fixed visual angle, independent of the distance. The

information implicit in the formula is also presented graphically, in four plots that apply to four different combinations of length units for measuring stroke width and viewing distance. Also presented are formulas and graphs for correcting the critical stroke width for nonstandard contrast or background luminance. These correction formulas are based on a body of data on visual acuity as a function of

contrast and background luminance, and a formula fitting the midranges of the data, both published recently by other researchers. SPECIAL

PUBLICATIONS

This series includes proceedings of conferences sponsored by the Center and other special publications appropriate to this grouping

including project summaries, list of publications, wall charts, pocket

cards, and bibliographies.

SP446-7. Raufaste, N.; Olmert, M., eds. Building technology project summaries 1982-1983. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Spec. Publ. 446-7; 1983 June. 138 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-259622.

Key words: building research; building technology; criteria; codes; measurement and test methods; performance criteria; project summaries; technical bases. The Center for Building Technology (CBT) provides the technical and scientific bases for criteria and standards that improve the

usefulness, safety and economy of buildings. The Center's activities support building technology programs of the Federal, State, and local governments; assist design professions, building officials and the research community by providing criteria that improve buildings; and

assist manufacturers of building products by developing criteria for evaluating innovative building materials. This report summarizes the Center's projects for calendar years 1982-83; it provides the reader with a broad overview of CBT's research.

SP457-7. Beavers, L., ed. BuUding Technology Publications 1982—

Supplement 7. Natl Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Spec. Publ. 457-7; 1983 June. 78 p. SNOO3-0O3-O25O3-8. Key words: abstracts; building technology; Center for Building

Technology; key words; publications.

This report presents NBS' Center for Building Technology (CBT)

publications for 1982. It is the seventh supplement to NBS Special Publication 457, Building Technology Publications, and lists CBT

reports issued during January 1-December 31, 1982. It includes titles and abstracts of each CBT publication and those papers published in non-NBS media, key word and author indexes, and general information and instructions on how to order CBT publications. This document is divided into three main sections. The first, Titles and Abstracts, provides the report title, author(s), date of pubUcation,

selected key words, and an abstract of each NBS publication and each

paper published in an outside source. The Author Index cites CBT

authors and their publication number which is listed in this supplement. The Key Word Index is a subject index, listing word

summaries of the building research topics for each publication and

paper. By selecting a main word or subject, the user is able to locate reports of interest through these subject-related words.

SP651. Chung, R. M.; Lew, H. S.; Kovacs, W. D., eds. Wind and

seismic effects. Proceedings of the 14th Joint Panel Conference of

the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources. NatL

Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Spec. Publ 651; 1983 April. 716 p. SNOO3-0O3-

02485-6. Key words: accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering;

ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards;

structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds. The 14th Joint Meeting of the U.S.-Japan Panel on Wind and

Seismic Effects was held in Washington, D.C., United States from May 17 through 20, 1982. This publication, which is the proceedings of the Joint Meeting, includes the program, list of members, formal

resolutions, technical papers, and the task committee reports. Subjects covered in the papers presented to the panel include: (1) characteristics of strong winds, (2) wind loads on structures and

design criteria, (3) earthquake ground motions and dynamic analysis of embankment dams, (4) soil liquefaction study and methods to improve liquefaction resistance, (5) seismic loads on structures and

design criteria, (6) stress analyses of pipelines during earthquakes, (7)

full-scale seismic experiments, (8) earthquake hazard reduction program, (9) use of microcomputer for earthquake studies, (10) quantitative evaluation of damages caused by winds and earthquakes, and (11) tsunami research projects. JTtese proceedings include the following papers (indented):

SP651; 1983 April. 1-19. Okubo, T.; Narita, N.; Yamamoto, K.;

Sata, H. Effects of solidity of trusses on unsteady aerodynamic

forces of stiffening trussed-girders. Key words: aerodynamic forces; solidity; trussed-girders.

Unsteady aerodynamic forces acting on stiffening trussed4
girders are described. The models of stiffening trussed-girders

which were used in the previous experiments [1] have trusses of low solidity (about 20 percent). In the present experiment, measurements were made for trusses of various solidity ratios, thus, the effects of solidity on unsteady aerodynamic forces of

stiffening trussed-girders were investigated. Furthermore, measures to improve stability to torsional flutter of stiffening trussed-girders of high solidity (about 40 percent) were

investigated and some effective measures have been found.

SP651; 1983 April. 20-33. Bampton, M. C. C. Field studies on the Pasco-Kennewick Cable-Stayed Bridge.

Key words: bridge motion; cable-stayed bridge; wind data.

This paper briefly describes a recent study to collect bridge

motion and natural wind data at the site of the 763 m (2503 ft) Pasco-Kennewick Cable-Stayed Bridge using an automated data

collection system. Examples of wind and acceleration spectra as well as coherence and deck frequency measurements are

presented. The research was sponsored by the Federal Highway

Administration and performed by Battelle Pacific Northwest

Laboratories over a 3 year period.

SP651; 1983 April. 34-52. Okada, H.; Murota, T. Wind load on

solar water heaters. Key words: heater shape; mounting pattern; roof pitch; roof

shape; solar water heaters.

Solar water heaters mounted on house roofs are becoming

widely used due to the recent rise of consciousness of saving energy in Japan. This paper describes results of wind tunnel tests conducted to obtain information with regard to wind forces on

solar water heaters mounted on house roofs. The effects of heater

shape, mounting pattern, roof pitch, roof shape, etc., on wind

forces on heaters are discussed. The paper also describes a field observation of wind forces on

a full-scale solar water heater mounted on a cottage.

SP651; 1983 April. 53-74. Joyner, W. B.; Boore, D. M. Estimation

of response-spectral values as functions of magnitude, distance, and

site conditions. Key words: comparison; earthquakes; force coefficients; horizontal acceleration and velocity; predictive equations; response spectra. We have developed empirical predictive equations for the

horizontal pseudo-velocity response at 5 percent damping for 12

different periods from 0.1 to 4.0 s. Using a multiple linear- regression method similar to the one we used previously for peak

horizontal acceleration and velocity, we analyzed response

spectra period by period for 64 records of 12 shallow earthquakes

in Western North America, including the recent Coyote Lake

and Imperial Valley, California, earthquakes. The resulting predictive equations show amplification of the response values at

soil sites for periods greater than or equal to 0.5 s, with maximum

amplification exceeding a factor of 2 at 1.5 s. For periods less than 0.5 s there is no statistically significant difference between

rock sites and the soil sites represented in the data set. These

results are consistent with those of several earlier studies. A

particularly significant aspect of the predictive equations is that the response values at different periods are different functions of magnitude (confirming earlier results by McGuire and by

Trifunac and Anderson). The slope of the least-squares straight

line relating log response to moment magnitude ranges from 0.21

at a period of 0.1 s to greater than 0.5 at periods of 1 s and

longer. This result indicates that the conventional practice of

scaling a constant spectral shape by peak acceleration will not

give accurate answers. The Newmark and Hall method of

spectral scaling, using both peak acceleration and peak velocity, largely avoids this error. Comparison of our spectra with the Regulatory Guide 1.60 spectrum anchored at the same value at

0.1 s shows that the Regulatory Guide 1.60 spectrum is exceeded

at soil sites for a magnitude of 7.5 at all distances for periods

greater than about 0.5 s. Comparison of our spectra for soil sites with the corresponding ATC-3 curve of lateral design force

coefficients for the highest seismic zone indicates that the ATC-3

curve is exceeded within about 5 km of a magnitude 6.5 earthquake and within about 20 km of a magnitude 7.5 event. The amount by which it is exceeded is largest in the period range from 0.5 to 2.0 s.

SP651; 1983 April. 75-80. Ohtani, K. Reconsideration of the input waves for dynamic analysis. Key words: aseismic design; aseismic safety; dynamic analysis; input waves. The aseismic design method using dynamic analysis has been

well established in Japan. Actual design cases of high rise buildings have been totaled up to about 400 in the past 20 years. In this paper, the present state of aseismic design, especially of

the dynamic response analysis is reviewed. Some problems related to the input waves for design are also discussed, and some future subjects for research and development

are proposed.

SP651; 1983 April. 81-94. Brady, A. G. Some new processing

techniques for the Imperial Valley 1979 aftershocks. Key words: aftershocks; El Centro Array; Imperial fault; Imperial Valley.

This paper describes some of the features of the latest processing improvements that the U.S. Geological Survey

(USGS) is currently applying to strong-motion accelerograms from the national network of permanent stations. At the same

time it introduces the application of this processing to the set of

Imperial Valley aftershocks recorded following the main shock

of October 15, 1979. Earlier processing of the 22 main shock

recordings provided corrected accelerations, velocity and

displacement, response spectra, and Fourier spectra. The digital data has been available on two tapes from NOAA, in Colorado,

for 2 years now, and a report containing computer plots has been

available, while supplies last, from the USGS in Menlo Park. The USGS has taken the opportunity provided by the large

number of triggerings at 30 permanent stations in the Imperial

Valley to update the processing scheme applied particularly to short duration accelerograms with frequencies possibly as high as 50 Hz. A total of 67 of the aftershock recordings were selected for

digitization, from eight events. The number of stations involved

is 20, all of which had previously recorded the main shock. A

brief outline of the processing steps that have been developed is included, as they have been applied to the best recorded, M 5.0, aftershock. The selection of a long-period filter and its dependence on the need to remove a predominant 4 sec component is discussed. Displacements from those stations on the El Centro Array with radio time have been plotted so as to

indicate visually the total processing package.

SP651; 1983 April. 95-123. Okubo, T.; Arakawa, T.; Kawashima,

K. Dense instrument array observation by the public works

research institute and analyses of some records. Key words: dense instrument array; differential motion; ground

motions; wave propagation.

It is important for large structures such as bridges and lifeline

facilities to consider differential motions between points of the ground in estimating the design ground motions. It is well recognized that such motions are significantly dependent on local geological and topological conditions. In order to investigate such effects on earthquake ground motions, the normal type of

strong motion observation performed at each individual site is not enough, and installation of a dense instnunent array is

5
indispensible. Besides the laboratory observation array at its campus, the PubUc Research Institute is now on the way to deploy four local laboratory arrays around the Suruga Bay-Izu area in Shizuoka

Prefecture, Japan, within 4 years, starting in the 1981 fiscal year. This report presents one of the four local laboratory arrays in the Sagara area, at which instrumentation has been completed and observations were initiated in 1981 fiscal year, and shows some analyses of array data obtained at the PWRI campus.

Analyses for finite strains induced in ground during earthquakes,

effects of differential motion on structural response in terms of

multisupport response spectrum, and wave propagation

characteristics in vertical and horizontal directions are studied.

SP651; 1983 April. 124-149. Sasaki, Y.; Taniguchi, E. Gravel

drains as a countermeasure to liquefaction of the ground.

Key words: gravel drains; liquefaction.

This paper presents the effectiveness of gravel drains installed to minimize damage of a "half buried type road" caused by

liquefaction of the surrounding sand deposit. Large-scale shaking

table tests and fmite element analyses were used in the study.

SP651; 1983 April. 150-171. Chung, R. M.; Yokel, F. Y.; Anderson, E. D. Volume change and excess pore water pressure buildup as a function of degree of saturation of sands during

resonant colunm testing. Key words: degree of saturation; ground vibration; pore water

pressure buildup.

Torsional resonant column tests were conducted on saturated and partially saturated hollow cylindrical Monterey No. 0 sand specimens to study the characteristics of pore water pressure buildup and volume change of the specimen as a function of degree of saturation. Results of the tests indicated that there exists a threshold shear

strain value of about 2x10'' percent for fully saturated sand

specimens, below which there is no buildup of excess pore water

pressure. The threshold value was observed at about 5x10"'

percent when the volume change during testing was used as the

criterion. The degree of saturation was found to have a considerable

effect on the threshold strain and the pore water pressure

buildup, but it had no detectable effect on the volume change as measured by the displaced pore water.

SP651; 1983 April. 172-192. Iwasaki, T.; Arakawa, T.; Tokida, K.

I.; Kimata, T. Estimation procedures of liquefaction potential and

its application to earthqualce resistant design. Key words: liquefaction potential; pore water pressure; soil liquefaction.

Simplified methods to evaluate the effects of saturated sandy,

soils are needed for the reasonable earthquake resistant design of

structures considering soil liquefaction. Iwasaki et al., (1978), proposed two simplified methods which use a Hquefaction

resistance factor Fl and a liquefaction potential index II to evaluate the liquefaction potential of saturated sandy soils. Based on these proposed methods, the liquefaction potential can be

estimated simply by using the fundamental properties of soils, i.e., N-values from the Standard Penetration Test, unit weights, mean

particle diameters, and the maximum acceleration at the ground

surface. In this paper, the two simplified methods are first introduced, and to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methods, the values of both Fl and II at 64 liquefied sites and 23 non-liquefied

sites during past six earthquakes are calculated according to these simpUfied methods. Also, shaking table tests on soil liquefaction are carried out for the saturated sandy model ground.

Furthermore, several application methods using the factor Fl, the excess pore water pressure induced in the saturated sandy

soils and the effects of soil liquefaction on the resistance properties of the soils surrounding structures are described.

Finally, some case studies on earthquake resistant properties of

civil engineering structures considering soil liquefaction are carried out according to the proposed procedures on soil liquefaction properties.

SP651; 1983 April. 193-217. Uwabe, T.; Noda, S.; Tsuchida, H.

Coupled hydrodynamic response characteristics and water

pressures of large composite breakwaters.

Key words: composite breakwater; hydrodynamic response

characteristics.

In order to prevent damage by tsunami, a large composite breakwater is planned in deep sea at a depth of 60 m at the bay

mouth of Kamaishi in the Tohoku district. For the purpose of examining the seismic behavior of the breakwater, an analysis of coupled hydrodynamic response characteristics and water

pressures of the breakwater was carried out by means of a

shaking table model test and an earthquake response calculation using the Finite Element Method.

In case the caisson of the composite type breakwater does not

resonate, the model tests show that the hydrodynamic pressures acting on a caisson is calculated by the Westergaard formula

using the water depth and the seismic coefficient at the top of the mound. (Mound means earth and/or rockfill). In order to use earthquake response calculation for practical application, it is essential to investigate whether the modeling and

material property values simulate the actual field condition or

not. It is concluded that the method for analyzing structure-water systems using the Finite Element Method is appropriate for simulating the dynamic response and hydrodynamic pressures of

the fill type breakwater.

SP651; 1983 April. 218-241. Franklin, A. G.; Hynes-Griffm, M. E. Dynamic analysis of embankment sections, Richard B. Russell Dam. Key words: embankments; liquefaction; visco-elastic shear-beam

analysis.

Seismic safety of the Russell Dam embankments was evaluated with a permanent displacement analysis, judged appropriate after laboratory cyclic testing verified the nonsusceptibility of embankment and foundation materials to liquefaction. The

analysis included determination of critical or yield accelerations by means of conventional limit analysis, estimation of

amplification of ground accelerations in the embankment through

a visco-elastic shear-beam analysis, and estimation of deformations by means of a Newmark sliding block model. The

results indicate that if the dam is subjected to the maximum

possible earthquake for the site, superficial displacements would

not exceed 3 ft and displacements on deep-seated surfaces would

not exceed 1.5 ft.

SP651; 1983 April. 242-258. Tsuchida, H.; Minami, K. I.; Kiyomiya, O.; Noda, S. Pipe stresses during earthquakes based on

a two-dimensional seismometer array observation. Key words: deformation method; dynamic response analysis; pipe

stresses; two-dimensional seismometer array observation; wave

propagation.

Pipe stresses developed during earthquakes are influenced by

the relative displacement of an ambient ground. The strains caused by the relative displacement of the ground are closely

related to the magnitude of the earthquakes, the epicentral

distances, the subsoil conditions, and the properties of the wave

propagation in surface layers. Analyses of records obtained by a two-dimensional seismometer array observation at the Tokyo

International Airport were carried out to evaluate the behavior of the pipelines during earthquakes. Pipe stresses are calculated from the ground deformation by the observation. The stresses

6
calculated by the deformation method, which has been used for earthquake resistant design in Japan, and by the dynamic

response analysis are compared with those from the observation.

SP651; 1983 April. 259-271. Ariman, T. Buckling and rupture

failure in pipelines due to large ground deformations. Key words: ground deformations; lifeline earthquake engineering; rupture failure. A concise and up-to-date review of buckling and rupture

failure in pipelines due to ground deformations is presented. It is shown that, in comparison to surface structures, pipeline systems

are particularly vulnerable to local differential movements of

ground. It is noted that permanent differential movements may be

caused by any earthquake and that the movements can assume a

variety of patterns depending on local soil conditions and the presence of faults. Therefore, the response of buried pipelines to permanent ground movement is an important part of lifeline earthquake engineering.

SP651; 1983 April. 272-324. Kuribayashi, E.; Iwasaki, T.; Hagiwara, R. Experimental studies on seismic behavior of

structural members using a dynamic structural testing facility at PWRI.

Key words: dynamic structural testing facilities; earthquakes;

seismic behavior. Dynamic structural testing facilities of an earthquake

engineering laboratory were recently completed in March 1980

at Tsukuba by the Public Works Research Institute, Ministry of

Construction. Four experiments as shown in table 1 were

conducted so far using the facilities. Outlines of the facilities and two experiments conducted in the flscal year of 1980 using the

facilities are described.

SP651; 1983 April. 325-342. Yasue, T.; Iwasaki, T.; Sasaki, Y.; Asanuma, H.; Nakajima, T. Report of the Urakawa-oki

earthquake of March 21, 1982. Key words: civil engineering structures; damage; earthquake, Urakawa-oki. On Sunday morning, March 21, 1982, a severe earthquake of magnitude 7.3 on the Richter Scale hit Urakawa-old, off Urakawa, the southern part of Hokkaido Island in Japan. This

report briefly describes an outline of the earthquake and damage

to civil engineering structures due to the Urakawa-oki

Earthquake of March 21, 1982.

SP651; 1983 April. 343-360. Fleming, J. F. Linear versus nonlinear behavior of cable stayed bridges. Key words: cable stayed bridges; nonlinear behavior; static and dynamic response. The first modem cable stayed bridge was constructed in Sweden in 1955. Since that time over 100 major bridges of this type have been built throughout the world. One of the major

difficulties which many designers must face, when confronted with the task of designing a structure of this type, is a lack of knowledge of how they behave under static and dynamic design

loads. It is well known that cables exhibit a nonlinear force- elongation relationship due to the change in sag with axial load. The purpose of this paper is to describe the results to date of an ongoing investigation into the effect of nonlinear behavior upon

the overall static and dynamic response of cable stayed bridges. Mathematical models representing several actual or proposed

bridges, under a variety of static and dynamic loads, were

considered in the study.

SP651; 1983 April. 361-401. Narita, N.; Saeki, S.; Kanai, M.; Ohshio, T. Behavior of concrete-filled steel tubes.

Key words: bridge piers; concrete-fUled steel tubes; earthquake.

In our country, bridge piers are subjected to strong motions due to earthquake. Furthermore, size of bridge piers are strictly limited in metropolitan highways and in monorails. High ductility and high resistance is, therefore, required for bridge piers in Japan. In this regard, use of concrete-filled steel tubes is examined.

Steel tubes have very high resistance; however, steel tubes are

liable to yield by local buckling and to lose ductility after yielding. Concrete piers with adequate reinforcing have good

ductility; however, they are large-sized. Concrete-filled steel tubes are thin steel tubes with concrete and shear connectors in the tubes. When they are subjected to a strong motion, the concrete prevents the local buclding of thin steel tubes and the

steel tubes give adequate reinforcing to the concrete. Therefore, even small-sized concrete-filled steel tubes have excellent

ductility and resistance. Sometimes, concrete-fUled steel tubes have been used for bridge piers or building members. However, they were used just to increase the rigidity of the members or to stiffen the steel tubes, and were not designed as composite structures. In our

report, the concrete-filled steel tubes are regarded as composite

structures to expect higher resistance and ductibility. At present, many problems are not resolved to design concrete-filled steel tubes as composite structures, such as provisions for shear

connectors, plate thickness and so on. These problems are examined in detail in this paper. Based on the results of full-size

tests, design recommendations are presented.

The following reports are coining in series. Part

I—Compression Members; Part II—Long Columns; Part III

Bending Members; Part IV—Beam Colunms.

SP651; 1983 April. 402-415. Takahashi, S. K.; Tyrrell, J. V. Microcomputer for earthquake studies. Key words: BASIC; COBOL; earthquake; FORTRAN;

microcomputer.

The use of microcomputers is now a practical reality for the

small engineering office. The reasons for the immediate

popularity are the low initial cost of the system .( The cost of a typical microcomputer (MC) system, one that is operational at the Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory, with a 64K RAM (Random Access Memory), dual 8 in. disk drives, and

letter quality printer, is abou. 8-bit processor (figure 2), but it can

be upgraded to a 16-bit processor at any time. Similarly, the memory can be upgraded from 64K to 128K as the need arises. One standard parallel port and two RS-232C serial ports allows

the addition of printers, plotters, digitizers, and communications

with data bases and other computers. Presently, two drives provide 932,000 characters of storage; the addition of two more

drives (figure 3) will bring the total capacity to about two million characters. If a hard disk drive system is utilized, it can access 8.4 million characters. The Daisy Wheel letter quality printer (figure 4) was sleeted so that drafts and final manuscripts could be

written and stored on the diskette for instant retrieval and

modifications of the text. Additional information and

specifications of the MC can be found in reference 1. This MC adapts easily to the choice of languages such as BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN, etc., because the system has no

primary language stored in Read Only Memory (ROM). Transfer of information, from one installation that uses a microcomputer

which utilizes the CP/M system to another Navy agency also

utilizing a microcomputer that uses 8 in. single-sided, single- density diskette, can be made easily on the 8 in. diskette with 128 byte record size because this is the standard international interchange format.

SP651; 1983 April. 416-425. Bernard, E. A tsunami research plan

for the United States. Key words: coastal hazards; tsunamigenic earthquake;

identification; tsunami research.

7
In response to the identification of deficiencies in tsunami

research, a group of scientists and government representatives

developed a coherent research plan to address these problems.

The plan is designed to foster a course of action that will focus research on forecasting tsunami dangers and evaluating coastal hazards. A brief review of the status of tsunami research is presented and needs for priority research are identified. The

three highest need areas are: 1) tsunami observational program, 2) modeling and design related to terminal effects, and 3) tsunamigenic earthquake identification. Two moderate need areas include the creation of a tsunami data set and the development of emergency preparedness programs.

SP651; 1983 April. 426432. Lander, J. F. Digital data services for tsunamis and engineering seismology.

Key words: engineering seismology; NEDRES; seismographic

data; tsunamigenic earthquakes; tsunamis. The consolidation of NOAA's environmental data banks in one

system, the development of dgital data directories, dictionaries, and inventories, the use of data base management systems and mass store, and accessibility of the whole system remotely offer new opportunities for users to directly get data shaped to their needs from multiple discipline files. A National Environmental Data Referral Service can help users find data in the system and

elsewhere worldwide. Possibilities of networking with

bibliographic and other data bases are also promising.

SP651; 1983 April. 433439. Wright, J. K. Construction of the full- scale reinforced concrete test specimen.

Key words: concrete test sp)ecimen; construction practices; reinforcement details. A short summary of the construction of the full-scale sevenstory reinforced concrete building is presented. Differences between Japanese and U.S. construction practices are discussed. Cross section dimensions and reinforcement details for important

portions of the structure are also presented.

SP651; 1983 April. 440456. Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa,

Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T. Progress report on the full- scale seismic experiment of a seven-story reinforced concrete bnUding—Part 1. Pseudo-dynamic test before repair. Key words: dynamic loading; earthquake ground motions; pseudo-dynamic test; reinforced concrete building; seismic

design; static loading tests. The appropriate evaluation of strength and deflection

characteristics of building structures is a fundamental

requirement for the proper estimation of structural safety in the event of major earthquake disturbances. Various unsolved problems yet remain for this evaluation due to complexity of the combination of randomness in earthquake ground motions with

nonlinear behavior of structural systems. Effects of scale and

construction quality make the precise evaluation more

complicated and difficult. In order to predict the behavior of structures subjected to seven earthquake ground motions, many analytical models of

materials, members, and systems were developed, and numerical

analyses have been made. Nevertheless, it is uncertain whether or not the results of these studies represent the true behavior of the

structures because of various approximations, assumptions, and

simplifications in the course of modeling and analysis. Static loading tests of full-scale models provide useful information on

strength and deformation characteristics of structures, but the

true margin of safety of those structures cannot be estimated. To simulate the earthquake response of a structural model, the pseudo-dynamic test procedure is considered to be one of the most effective testing techniques if the model is beyond the capacity of a shaking table. In the Building Research Institute (BRI), Ministry of Construction, a computer-actuator on-line

system was developed in 1980, and subsequently a series of pseudo-dynamic tests of a full-scale model of a seven-story reinforced concrete building with the cooperation of the Joint Technical Coordination Committee members have been

performed. The primary objectives of the test were: (1) to

calibrate the accuracy of techniques developed for analyzing

structures under static or dynamic loading, and (2) to estimate the

true margin of safety of the structure. The test was also expected

to provide fundamental data for current seismic design.

SP651; 1983 April. 457475. Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa,

Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T. A progress report on the fuUscale seismic experiment of a seven-story reinforced concrete

building—Part 2. Pseudo-dynamic test after repair. Key words: pseudo-dynamic test; reinforced concrete building.

After the pseudo-dynamic test of the full-scale reinforced concrete structure, repair works and the installation of

nonstructural elements to the damaged structure were carried

out. The hinge zone of the beams and the shear wall of the

structure were repaired by using epoxy resin. The repair works

proved to be economically effective for the reuse of the damaged

structure after earthquake damage from the viewpoint of

recovering the stiffness and the strength of the structure. The

aseismic arrangements of nonstructural elements such as partition

walls, spandrel walls, window glasses, etc., were verified through

a series of pseudo-dynamic tests.

SP651; 1983 April. 476488. Morgan, B. J.; Hiraishi, H.; Corley,

W. G. Tests of planar wall assemblies under in-plane static reversing loads.

Key words: concrete structures; in-plane static reversing loads; planar wall assembUes.

During the 1968 Tokachi-Oki Earthquake in Japan, numerous

reinforced concrete school buildings of modem design suffered heavy damage. Following that earthquake, a joint seminar under

the sponsorship of the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Science Program was held in Sendai, Japan in 1970. One purpose of the seminar was to identify and define programs of research that could be conducted effectively on a cooperative basis between the United

States and Japan. Prompted by discussions held at Sendai, a U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research Program on Earthquake Engineering was

established under the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Science Program.

The period of this program was initially 1973 to 1975. A program

review meeting was held in Hawaii in 1975. Several formal recommendations grew out of the presentations and discussions

at this meeting. One of these recommendations was that a

cooperative research program should be established with emphasis on large-scale testing of structural systems. During the period of 1974 to 1978, government delegates on a separate U.S.- Japan Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects arrived at the same

conclusions. Based on conclusions and recommendations of both university and government groups, a planning group was established to define specific details of research to be carried out. After four meetings during 1977 to 1979, the planning group recommended

that research should focus on "studies to determine the

relationship among full-scale tests, small-scale tests, component

tests, and analytical studies."

SP651; 1983 April. 489-506. Watabe, M.; Yamanouchi, H.; Midorikawa, M.; Fukuta, T.; Kaminosono, T. Research program

on the full-scale seismic experiments of steel buildings. Key words: pseudo-dynamic tests; seismic experiments; static

tests; steel buildings.

This research program is conducted in accordance with recommendations prepared by the U.S.-Japan planning group

established in 1977 under the auspices of the U.S.-Japan Panel on

8
Wind and Seismic Effects, United States-Japan Natural Resources (UJNR) Program. Research activities from these recommendations have been conducted under the Joint Technical Coordinating Committee (JTCC), which consists of researchers from both countries. In its first year, the Structural Steel Phase was begun by

experiments on structural members and subassemblages. These

results would support analyses on a full-scale test building. The

support tests consist of four experimental programs. They are: (1)

static tests on three-story steel planar frames, (2) dynamic and

pseudo-dynamic tests on steel frames (designated as a Correlation

test), (3) static tests on composite girders, and (4) static tests on

column-to-footing connections. The second year's main program

is to conduct tests on the full-scale six-story steel building using the pseudo-dynamic testing method. The test building consists of two unbraced moment-resisting frames and a braced frame with

K-braces. This structure would represent a portion of an overall

building. Two types of K-bracing systems, the concentric K and

the eccentric K, should be used in different stages of testing. It should be tested in several stages using a loading procedure

simulating realistic seismic conditions. At the final stage of

testing, nonstructural elements such as curtain walls and

partitions should be added to the structural system and the entire structure should be loaded to failure. In the third year, analyses and estimation on the full-scale test will be done, associated with supplementary tests on subassemblages. Comprehensive

consideration will be directed to seismic safety of steel buildings.

SP651; 1983 April. 507-521. Hebenstreit, G. T.; Krumpe, P. F. United States foreign assistance program on tsunami hazard. Key words: computer modeling; earthquake sources; tsunami; tsunami behavior; tsunamigenic earthquake.

The Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, U.S. AID, and

Science Applications, Inc., are developing a program to make the

results of current tsunami research techniques available to

disaster control officials in developing nations which are subject to potentially severe tsunami hazards. This program uses a combination of historical study of past tsunamis and computer

modeling of possible future tsunamis to assess the threat to

specific areas. The first application of the program has been to the potential threat arising from tsunamis generated in the Peru- Chile Trench. This paper outlines the techniques used in the computer

modeling, the choice of specific earthquake sources, and the

results of early studies. Research is currently underway to examine in more detail tsunami behavior in areas which appear

strongly threatened. We discuss briefly our approach to this phase of the problem and our plans for transferring the results of

the program to officials in developing nations.

SP651; 1983 April. 522-531. Kamimura, K.; Watabe, M.;

Ishiyama, Y.; Yamazaki, Y. Technical cooperation in developing

countries on earthquake engineering.

Key words: aseismatic building techniques; earthquake disasters; earthquake engineering.

In order to improve earthquake engineering techniques in developing countries, it is necessary, apart from direct technical cooperation, to raise the standards of research and techniques in the country concerned from a long-term point of view. The

International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake

Engineering, the Building Research Institute, has been

conducting training programs in seismology and earthquake

engineering since 1962 for the purpose of training researchers and

engineers from developing countries. These training programs

have played an immeasurable role in raising the standards of

research and techniques in developing countries. This report is intended to outline the surveys on earthquake

disasters conducted overseas in connection with the Institute and

to introduce the training programs. In addition, the report will also briefly touch upon the cooperation programs for Indonesia

and Peru under the Bilateral Earthquake Engineering

Cooperation Program with which the Institute is closely

associated.

SP651; 1983 April. 532-537. Simiu, E. Incremental expansion and

aseismic design of low-cost housing in sites and services projects. Key words: aseismic design; design problems; incremental

expansion; shelter core.

In recent years, sites and services projects have evolved into one of the more effective components of urban strategies dealing with the enormous shelter problems faced by developing

countries. In sites and services projects the responsibility for building the shelter itself rests to a large extent with the

beneficiary. For reasons of hygiene and fire safety and to facilitate immediate occupancy, sites and services plots are in many

instances provided initially with sanitary cores, fire walls, and a rudimentary partial shelter. Depending upon his evolving needs and ability to pay for the requisite materials and labor, the

beneficiary then completes the dwelling in incremental stages. His direct involvement in the building effort—usually referred to

as self-help—can be expected to yield a product more suitable to

his needs and, to the extent that financing costs and overhead are reduced, more economical than would be the case for conventional construction. The advantages of incremental expansion by self-help should

not obscure some potential technical pitfalls, particularly with

regard to construction in earthquake and typhoon (cyclone) prone regions. This is true even where the level of conventional

technical skills available to the sites and services beneficiaries can

be assumed to be reasonably adequate.

It will be shown in this paper that incremental expansion schemes pose special and delicate structural design problems that

arise from the evolutionary nature of the building process in sites and services projects. A first type of problems arises if an initial but incomplete shelter core is provided on the site. In that case

efficient ways must be found to ensure the structural integrity of

the initial construction. A second type of problems is due to the

difficulty of tying successive incremental portions of the dwelling both to the initial construction and among themselves in such a manner as to create systems that are structurally sound at all times. Without due attention to such problems the resulting construction can be unnecessarily uneconomical as well as constituting a serious hazard to life and property in case of

earthquake or tropical cyclone. These two types of problems will be illustrated by using examples of shelter construction in actual

sites and services projects.

SP651; 1983 April. 538-540. Barrientos, C. S. Storm surge

forecasting. Key words: forecasting; hurricane; storm surge. The National Weather Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the responsibility to provide forecasting and warning of impending storm surges. This

presentation will summarize the storm surge forecast models now

in use by NOAA and briefly discuss certain other storm surge models.

SP651; 1983 April. 541-555. Sasaki, Y.; Koga, Y. Vibratory cone

penetrometer to assess the liquefaction potential of the ground.

Key words: artificial vibration; impact loadings; liquefaction; standard penetration tests; vibratory cone penetrometer.

This paper describes a vibratory cone penetrometer that aims

to investigate the liquefaction potential of sand deposit in a direct and simple manner in the field, and also the test results in the laboratory using the vibratory cone penetrometer. This cone

penetrometer was developed on the basis that the point resistance of the static penetration with vibration or the difference of the point resistance between the above penetration and the static

9
penetration reflects the liquefaction potential of the ground. Such

a presumed characteristic was found in the laboratory tests, which were performed on model sand deposits of various relative density and overburden pressure. As a result, the applicability of

this new vibratory cone penetrometer was validated.

SP651; 1983 April. S56-S64. Watabe, M. Direct evaluation method

for floor response spectra. Key words: floor response spectra; random vibration theory; response analyses; seismic design. Roor response spectra are generally obtained by response

analyses when the results by response analyses in time history of

structures are employed as input excitations. It is possible to apply the random vibration theory to evaluate the maximum

responses of structures and their floor response spectra without

response analyses in time history. In this paper, the calculation procedure of maximum responses of structures and their floor response spectra subjected to nonstationary random earthquake ground motions are proposed.

The method herein proposed is verified to be valid and very

useful when its results are compared with the results obtained by

the general method.

SP651; 1983 April. 565-586. Kuribayashi, E.; Iwasaki, T.; Nakajima, T. A procedure for estimating indirect effects of earthquakes on economy. Key words: earthquakes; economic damage; indirect eflects; value-added.

This paper discusses the economic damage caused by the Miyagi-ken-oki Earthquake of 1978. The earthquake has brought

about extensive structural damage and the amount of direct losses has reached 269 bUlion yen. In consequence of the physical

damage, the aftermath of the earthquake lasted about four months and one of the severest effects came out in the reduction of value-added in the local economy. This paper studies the reduction of value-added in Miyagi Prefecture after the Miyagiken-oki Earthquake of 1978.

SP651; 1983 April. 587-599. Matsumoto, N.; Totoda, M.; Shiga, M. Dynamic tests of rockfill dam models. Key words: dynamic tests; frequency response functions; rockfill dam models.

Dynamic tests of two-dimensional rockfill dam models with a

central impervious core were conducted using a shaking table. Heights of the models were 74 cm and 84 cm respectively. Models were excited with horizontal sinusoidal motion and the frequency response functions of the models were obtained. The response characteristics of the models were compared

between full and empty reservoir conditions. The models were

also subjected to scaled earthquake motions and the nature of the

failure during earthquake motions were compared with the case of the sinusoidal motion input.

SP651; 1983 April. 600-616. Narita, N.; Asanuma, H.; Fukui, J.; Yamamoto, Y. The connecting method for pile head and footing of

pile foundations subjected to a horizontal load. Key words: connecting method; load-deformation characteristics;

pile foundation; pile heat.

It is necessary for the foundation of a bridge structure to

efficiently transmit the load from the superstructure to the ground. In the case of a pile foundation, in particular, it is necessary to give sufficient consideration to the safety of the connection of pile heat and footing because of sudden changes in cross section and rigidity. Various connecting methods have been

developed. However, there remain many points which need to be

clarified with regard to the ultimate strength, load-deformation

characteristics, etc., of the connection.

SP651; 1983 April. 617-654. Rojahn, C; Borcherdt, R. D. On the

status of in situ strong ground motion and structural response

investigations. Key words: earthquakes; strong-motion arrays; structural response investigations.

Strong-motion data from large earthquakes provide the basis for the design of buildings, bridges, dams, and other critical structures as well as the basis for research on fundamental problems related to earthquake hazard evaluation, earthquake

processes, and internal structure of the earth. Review of existing strong-motion data acquisition programs in the United States shows significant progress in instrument deployment since 1933, but that significant improvements in data acquisition capabiUties

are needed for scientific and engineering research studies. The

need for installation of several additional well-designed strong- motion arrays (free field, structures) in areas of high seismic

potential worldwide is readily apparent as well as the need to develop instrumentation to reduce maintenance costs. Review of

existing analog and digital strong-motion recording systems

indicates that proven reliability and level of technical maintenance expertise still recommend analog systems for applications involving small amounts of data and long-term

deployment. Those applications involving highly trained

technicians, improved quality data, and large amoimt of data are

facilitated by using digital instrumentation. Recent applications of

digital technology in other fields suggests that numerous

improvements in digital recorders are feasible and warranted. Review of recently collected strong-motion data sets shows a

significant increase in the strong-motion data base for moderatesized earthquakes with that from the earthquake in Imperial

Valley, California (October 15, 1979) being most complete.

Compilations of these data show a critical scarcity of in situ information on near field ground motions and damaging

structural response levels for earthquakes larger than magnitude

7.

SP651; 1983 April. 655-668. Goda, Y.; Hashimoto, H. Storm

surge defense works and related researches in Japan. Key words: coastal dikes; defense works; storm surge.

Five typhoons on the average land every year because Japan is located in a typhoon attacking zone of the Western Pacific Ocean. They bring storm surges and high waves along a coast. Once the storm surge causes a flood, damage is enormous.

Coastal dikes and gates have been constructed to prevent damage. Storm surge defense works have been carried out on the

principle estabUshed after the Ise-wan Typhoon which caused heavy damage in 1959. In this regard, research related to the numerical estimation of storm surges and waves were made.

Experimental investigations were carried out by imiversities and

governmental institutions to determine the wave run-up and

overtopping on a dike. The research stopped after the defense works were almost completed.

SP658. Lew, H. S., ed. Wind and seismic effects. Proceedings of the

11th Joint Panel Conference of the U.S.-Japan Cooperative

Program in Natural Resources; 1979 September 4-7; Tsukuba,

Japan. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Spec. PubL 658; 1983 July. 755 p. SNOO3-0O3-O25O6-2. Key words: accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds. The Eleventh Joint Meeting of the U.S.-Japan Panel on Wind

Seismic Effects was held in Tsukuba, Japan on September 4-7, 1979. The proceedings of the Joint Meeting include the program, the formal

resolution and the technical papers. The subjects covered in the paper

include (1) the engineering characteristics of wind, (2) the

characteristics of earthquake ground motions, (3) the earthquake

response of structures, (4) the wind response of structures, (5) recent

10
design criteria against wind and earthquake disturbances, (6) the design and analysis of special structures, (7) the evaluation, repairing, and retrofitting for wind and earthquake disaster, (8) earthquake

disaster prevention planning, (9) storm surge and tsunamis, and (10) technical cooperation with developing countries. These proceedings

include the following papers (indented):

SP658; 1983 July. 1-14. Thiel, C. C. New initiatives in earthquake

hazards mitigation. Key words: earthquake mitigation; post-earthquake recovery

activities; seismic design; seismic safety;

Under the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program a number of significant steps have been taken to improve national earthquake mitigation policies and practices. The recently

established Earthquake Hazards Reduction Coordination Group

within the Executive Office of the President, is coordinating a number of efforts to improve building practices, land use, insurance, preparedness, emergency response and post-earthquake recovery activities. An "Interagency Committee on Seismic

Safety in Construction" has been established to: develop seismic design and construction standards for Federal projects; develop

guidelines to ensure serviceability following an earthquake of

vital facilities constructed or financed by the Federal government; and develop guidelines that provide independent and State and local review of seismic considerations in the construction of critical facilities constructed and financed by the Federal government, where appropriate. In a collateral activity a "Building Seismic Safety Council" has been formed within the private sector to enhance the public

safety by providing a national forum to foster improved seismic

safety provisions for use by the building community. The scope

of the Council's activities encompasses seismic safety of building- type structures with explicit consideration and assessment of the

social, technical, administrative, political, legislative, and economic implications of its deliberations and recommendations.

SP658; 1983 July. 15-21. Leyendecker, E. V.; Harris, J. R.; Wright, R. N.; Pfrang, E. O. Earthquake hazard reduction research at the National Bureau of Standards. Key words: earthquake hazard reduction; earthquake-resistant construction; National Bureau of Standards; seismic design.

Current and planned Earthquake Hazard Reduction programs

at the National Bureau of Standards in Research and Standards Development are being conducted in order to achieve the

responsibilities assigned to NBS under the President's National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. These responsibilities,

to: 1) provide technical support to the building community in the development of seismic design and construction provisions for building codes and national standards; 2) provide technical support to the Federal agencies in development of seismic design and construction provisions for Federal programs; and 3) perform research on performanc criteria and supporting measurement technology for earthquake-resistant construction; are being carried out in cooperation with the Federal and private

sectors. This research is complementary to that of the National Science Foundation (NSF) and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

SP658; 1983 July. 23-45. Okubo, T. On the U.S.-Japan cooperative program of large-scale testing. Key words: large-scale testing; U.S.-Japan Joint Earthquake

Research Program; wind and seismic effects. The Implementing Arrangement between the Science and Technology Agency (STA) and the Ministry of Construction (MOC) of Japan and the National Science Foundation (NSF) of

the U.S.A. for cooperation in the U.S.-Japan Joint Earthquake

Research Program involving Large-Scale Testing, under the auspices of the Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects of the UJNR

was signed by Mr. Nobuo Kozu (STA), Mr. Hidenobu Takahide (MOC) and Dr. Jack T. Sanderson (NSF) on August 10, 1979.

The U.S.-Japan Cooperative Program on Large-Scale Testing was initiated in 1974 by this Panel and has begun implementation.

In this presentation, the author outlines the Program.

SP658; 1983 July. I-1-I-15. Uchida, E.; Fujiwhara, S.; Tatehira,

R.; Tabe, I.; Ohtsuka, K. Modeling the 1978 Tokyo Tornado that overturned the Tozai subway train. Key words: meteorological elements; tomadic cyclone; tornado

elements; 1978 Tokyo tornado. A high wind developed in the evening of February 28, 1978, over areas from Kawasaki City (Kanagawa Prefecture) to Kamagaya City (Chiba Prefecture). The wind caused extensive damage (for example, overturning the Tozai subway train, houses, cars, vessels etc.) Judging from weather conditions which were detailed by data from weather maps, automatic records of wind direction and

speed, of air pressure, radar echo patterns, AMeDAS data, and

disaster distributions, we envisage that this high wind was

associated with a tornado formed within a tomadic cyclone

having 5~6x 10 km diameter. We estimate that this tornado was generated within a converging and unstable area near a squall line preceding a cold

front, the diameter of the tornado core is estimated as 100~200 m (radius 50 ~ 100 m), the maximum wind velocity 60 — 80 m/s

and the propagation speed 25 m/s. A numerical simulation experiment was carried out in relation

to meteorological elements of the tornado (core radius, the maximum-wind velocity, propagation speed) under an assumption

of a single tornado having a straight path and a uniform velocity. The most adaptable values of tornado elements, in regard to the kinematical analysis of the overturned train were located within 75 ~ 100 m in core radius, 70~80 m/s in maximum-wind velocity and 25~35 m/s in propagation speed. These results from the engineering aspect nearly coincide with

those of the estimated values and the reliability of this model was

thereby roughly verified.

SP658; 1983 July. I-16-I-30. Changery, M. J.; Simiu, E.; Filliben,

J. J. Extreme wind speeds at 129 stations in the contiguous United

States. Key words: building (codes); probability distribution functions;

statistical analysis; storms; structural engineering; wind pressure; wind speeds. The purpose of this report is to present information on

recorded and predicted wind speeds at 129 airport stations in the contiguous United States at which reliable records are available over a number of consecutive years. This information is provided

to serve as basic documentation from which appropriate

decisions can be made on values of design wind speeds to be

specified in building codes and standards, and on special projects. Included in the report are: recorded wind speeds and anemometer elevations; predicted wind speeds based on

probability distributions of the largest values; estimates of the sampling errors inherent in the predicted wind speeds; a

description of the statistical procedure used in the analysis of the

data; and a discussion of the results of the analysis.

SP658; 1983 July. I-31-I45. Naito, K.; Tabata, I.; Banno, N.; Takahashi, K. Analysis of high wind observations from very tall towers. Key words: gust winds; high wind analysis; tall towers; wind

turbulence spectrum.

This paper describes the analyzed results of high winds, such

as typhoons, observed in Japan and its vicinity from tall towers which vary in height from 200 to 400 meters. The results show

that the vertical profile of the average wind velocity is well simulated by the power law: the obtained values of power are

0.12, 0.23, 0.46 and so on, and depend upon the local topography

upwind. When the upwind roughness of the ground surface, or

11
the unobstructed "clearness" which represents the reciprocal character of upwind roughness, are introduced to model the

characteristics of the strong wind, the power decreases with

larger degree of clearness, and vice versa. The power is expected

to be around 0.12 or 0.15 in extreme clearness. This seems to agree with what is called the seventh-root formula obtained in wind tunnel experimentation. The power is considered usually to be less than 1.0, but will be over 1.0 in severely obstructed

situations. The turbulent intensity decreases generally with the

increase of height. It shows the following height dependency: for example it is 0.52 Z"*"' for good clearness, and 1.02 Z^*^ and

2.14 Z'"'^ for intermediate, or worse clearness, respectively, where Z represents the height in meters. These results show that the profile of turbulent intensity depends upon the effect of the

local terrain. The gust factor shows characteristics somewhat

similar to those of turbulent intensity. The energy spectrum of

turbulence is simulated quite well by the -5/3 power law, but the

local topography affects height variation in the distribution of

small spectral peaks.

SP658; 1983 July. IM-II-12. Otsuka, M. A proposal for a new

parameter in assessing seismic disaster. Key words: earthquake prediction; fault dynamics; seismic

disaster parameters.

Out of the recent progress in modem seismology, especially in the rapidly increasing body of knowledge about the nature of what the fault generating process looks like, a prospect of

practical earthquake prediction in the near future seems

reasonable. Although a general methodology is not at hand for complete

forecasting, long-term estimating of earthquake occurrences in limited areas based on past seismicity studies has already been put

to practical use in many reported instances. Though this technique is still insufficient for prediction, since it lacks temporal accuracy about the occurrence of the earthquake, it should prove

invaluable and be reflected in disaster reduction strategy. What is needed still is the methodology to associate the expected fault geometry to the plausible disasters. The purpose of this paper is, then, to search for a technique to evaluate the influence of the impending earthquake based only on

a geometrical estimate of a 'should be' fault and without any dynamic information. Through repeated trials, the author has arrived at the conclusion that the intensity of the seismic vibration is closely

related to the solid angle extended from the observation site toward the periphery of the fault.

SP658; 1983 July. II-13-II-23. Kubo, T.; Watabe, M. Simulation of earthquake ground motion and its application to dynamic

response analysis. Key words: dynamic response analysis; ground motion; modeling; synthetic earthquake motion; waveforms.

Through the relation of Fourier transformation, two types of

stochastic modeling of earthquake ground motion are introduced. Twenty samples of synthetic motion, in each case, are generated

by use of these two modelings simulating a certain recorded

motion. Using these motions, characteristics of synthetic motions such as the cumulative energy distribution (the integration of

square acceleration), the maximum elastic response and the maximum elasto-plastic response are evaluated. From a statistical viewpoint, the results are compared with those obtained from the recorded earthquake motion in an attempt to make use of

synthetic motions for an engineering application.

SP658; 1983 July. II-24-II-44. Uwabe, T. Comparison of vertical components of strong-motion accelerograms for Western United

States and Japan. Key words: earthquake engineering; earthquake resistant structures; earthquakes; ground motion.

Characteristics of the vertical component of 187 strong-motion

accelerograms recorded in the Western United States were

studied. According to the analysis of the ratio of maximum

vertical acceleration to maximum horizontal acceleration, the average ratio of vertical peaks to horizontal peaks is 0.48. Significant correlations between maximum horizontal

acceleration, epicentral distance, and earthquake magnitude could

not be found. The vertical maximum acceleration occurs near the occurrence time of the horizontal maximum acceleration. But, the coincidence of vertical and horizontal peaks is very rare. At

the time when the safety factor against sliding and overturning

for gravity-type structures is smallest, the ratio of the vertical acceleration to the resultant horizontal acceleration is less than

one-third. A comparison was made of the ratios of vertical peaks

to horizontal peaks for Western United States and for 574 strong- motion accelerograms from Japan. The result of this comparison

is as follows: The ratio of vertical peaks to horizontal peaks in the Western United States is larger than that in the Japanese

recordings. The difference between the accelerograms of the two

countries is believed to be caused by dissimilar instruments,

dissimilar installation conditions, and differences in focal depth and site conditions. This difference should be kept in mind when

the digitized accelerograms of both countries are used together.

SP658; 1983 July. II-45-II-64. Nakano, K.; Kitagawa, Y. Earthquake observation systems in and around structures in Japan. Key words: earthquake observation systems; simulation models;

spectral analysis; transfer function; underground amplitudes.

Ever since the observation system for underground earthquake motions are undertaken in 1934, efforts have been made to obtain exact knowledge of the characteristics of ground motions, the dynamic interaction behavior between building and subsoil, and

the earthquake motions input to structures. The number of observation sites has increased year by year. There are now more than 200 in number, and much valuable data has been accumulated. In this paper the state-of-the-art of underground earthquake observation in Japan is reviewed.

SP658; 1983 July. III-1-III-22. Fuller, G. R. Single-story

residential masonry construction in Uniform Building Code

Seismic Zone 2. Key words: minimum property standards; partially reinforced masonry; residential; roof diaphragms; seismic resistance; shaking

table tests; single-story. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's

(HUD) Minimum Property Standards (MPS) require that all masonry construction in Seismic Zone 2 have partial reinforcement in accordance with the Uniform Building Code

(UBC). Since there is a lack of behavioral data on the resistance of single-story masoru"y houses to earthquake forces, the housing

industry has objected to the added cost of providing this reinforcement. HUD therefore contracted with the University of

California at Berkeley to determine the behavior of masonry

structures under seismic loads, by testing full scale specimens on

the shaking table. This paper is a report of the related results of

material, timber roof connections and shaking table tests. HUD

also engaged the Applied Technology Council (ATC) of Palo Alto to develop design and construction criteria for adoption in the HUD-MPS. Upon completion of that contract in early 1980, a separate report will be presented to the UJNR Panel.

SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28. Gergely, P.; Fagundo, F.; White,

R. N. The performance of lapped splices in reinforced concrete under high-level repeated loading.

Key words: beams; bond; concrete; design; lapped splices; reinforced concrete; seismic design; splices; testing. The results of two series of experiments on lapped splices in reinforced concrete is reported; one on half-scale beams and the

12
other on full-scale beams. The effects of repeated loading and

transverse reinforcement on splices in constant moment regions have been studied to date.

SP658; 1983 July. III-29-III-40. Ohtani, K.; Minowa, C. Dynamic

behavior of reinforced concrete frame structures. Key words: earthquake acceleration-displacement analysis; reinforced concrete structures; shaking table simulation;

structural testing.

This study presents earthquake simulator test of reinforced concrete structures conducted at the Earthquake Engineering

Laboratory of the National Research Center for Disaster Prevention at the Tsukuba New Science City. Two types of one-story, single-bay reinforced concrete frames

in actual size were built on the shaking table. The two reinforced concrete frames had different slab weights; about 60 tons for the

first tested frame and about 130 tons for the second one. Using

this large-scale shaking table, both reinforced concrete frames were subjected to simulated and modified earthquake ground

motions with intensities large enough to cause inelastic behavior and dynamic property changes to the frames. Test results of both frames are described, as is the yielding of

reinforcing steel bars, the varying properties of the overall frame

responses, natural frequencies, and damping ratios. Finally, computer simulations to evaluate inelastic responses and the correlation with measured performance are described

using bi-linear or tri-linear analytical models.

SP658; 1983 July. III41-III-64. Becker, J. M.; Llorente, C;

Mueller, P. Seismic response of precast concrete walls. Key words: dynamic analysis; friction; post-tensioning; precast

concrete; seismic response; shear walls.

Large panel precast concrete structures have been widely

utilized in major seismic regions throughout the world. The

seismic behavior of such structures is strongly dependent upon

the characteristics of both the horizontal and vertical connections. The limiting behavior of precast systems, however,

is basically dependent upon the horizontal connection. The

influence of horizontal connections can be studied in term of the behavior of a simple wall—a vertical stack of panels having only

horizontal connections. This paper reports on research into the seismic behavior of

simple precast concrete walls. The research was carried out through the development of computer-based modeling techniques

capable of including the typical behavioral characteristics associated with horizontal joints. The model assumes that all nonlinear, inelastic behavior is concentrated in the connection

regions and that the precast panels remain linear elastic. This

assumption allows the precast panels to be modeled as statically condensed 'super-elements' and the connection regions as interface elements. The above modehng technique allows for

nonlinear-inelastic seismic analysis that is capable of handling both rocking type motions throughout the height of the structure and slippage due to shear in the plane of the connection. A series of parametric studies are presented to illustrate the

potential influence of rocking and slip on precast walls using both

regular reinforcement and post-tensioning. These studies demonstrate the period elongation associated with the non-linear

elastic rocking phenomenon. Shear slip is found to occur only

when friction coefficients are extremely low or when the normal

forces across the connections are low. This latter case occurs

only in low buildings or in the upper floors of tall buildings. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the design

implications of these results. Particular attention is paid to the problems stemming from the force concentrations associated with

rocking and shear slip.

SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III-86. Ohashi, M.; Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K. Seismic response analysis of the Itajima Bridge

through use of strong motion acceleration records.

Key words: bridge-pier foundations; bridge seismology;

earthquake frequency characteristics; foundation structure response; ground surface accelerations.

In analyzing the seismic behavior of highway bridges constructed on soft soil deposits, it is important to take into account soil-structure interaction effects. In this paper, the

seismic response of a bridge pier-foundation is analyzed from

earthquake acceleration records taken simultaneously from the

pier crest and the groimd surface near the bridge. Four motions were used in the analysis, i.e., two were induced by two

earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.5 and 6.6, and two by their aftershocks. In the former two earthquakes, the maximum

accelerations were 186 and 441 gals on the ground surface, and

306 and 213 gals on the pier top. Analyses of frequency

characteristics of the motions showed that the predominant

frequencies of the pier-foundation were always almost identical to the fundamental natural frequency of the subsoil. Analytical models were formulated to calculate the seismic response of the

pier-foundation assuming the subsoil and pier-foundation to be a shear column model with an equivalent linear shear modulus and

an elastically supported beam on the subsoil, respectively. Bedrock motions were computed from the measured ground

surface motions and then applied to the bedrock of the analytical model. The seismic responses of the pier-foundation were thus

calculated and compared with the measured records and produced a good agreement.

SP658; 1983 July. III-87-II1-118. Marcuson III, W. F.; Curro, J. R., Jr. Field and laboratory determination of soil moduli. Key words: damping; dynamic properties; field testing; geophysical; laboratory testing; resonant column test; shear modulus; wave velocities. A field geophysical investigation was performed to determine

the shear and Young's moduli as a function of depth for a site in southern Ohio. This investigation included crosshole, downhole, and surface refraction investigation techniques. A supplementary

set of laboratory resonant column tests were performed with the Dmevich resonant column device. Laboratory undisturbed specimens were excited in both the longitudinal and torsional modes to obtain both Young's and shear moduli as a function of

strain. Both laboratory and field data are presented, compared, and discussed. An idealized soil profile for boring 821-UD is presented. This

soil profile includes recommended design values of moduli and

damping. At this boring location, bedrock lies approximately 36

ft (11 m) below the ground surface. The 36 ft (11 m) thick soil deposit has been subdivided into four layers whose shear moduli

range from 3.4x10' to 86x10' psi (23.4x10' to 592x10' kPa). The moduli increase as a function of depth. The Young's moduli

for this soil profile range from lOX 10' to 225 X 10' psi (59x lO' to 1551x10' kPa) and also increase with depth. The internal damping of the soil deposit was found to range from 3 to 5 percent for low dynamic strain amplitudes and is constant with

depth. The bedrock has a shear modulus of 125x10' (861x10'

kPa) and a Young's modulus of 370 X lO' psi (2551 X 10' kPa).

SP658; 1983 July. III-119-III-132. Asama, T.; Shioi, Y. An

experimental study on the liquefaction of sandy soils in a cohesive soU layer. Key words: cohesion in soil; liquefaction; sandy soils; strain

levels; stress levels.

Experimental and theoretical researches on liquefaction have

been made by many researchers. There is a general understanding

that liquefaction occurs when the shear stress reaches a critical - value which is determined by the type of soil, its density, its normal stress, and the like. The previous research shows that an

essential factor should be stress levels in the soils. But the authors observe that liquefaction chiefly depends upon strain levels of

soils. Especially where a sand layer lies on a soft cohesive soil

13
layer, the strain can be amplified by the response of the cohesive

soils.

SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162. Oh-oka, H.; Itoh, K.; Sugimura, Y.; Hirosawa, M. Stress-strain behavior of dry sand and normally consolidated clay by inter-laboratory cooperatiTe

cyclic shear tests. Key words: damping ratios; dynamic soil properties; shear modulus; shear-strain testing of sand and clay; stress-strain soil behaviors; test procedures.

Inter-laboratory cooperative cyclic shear tests were conducted

to obtain fundamental information about stress-strain behavior of dry sand and normally consolidated clay by using various kinds of dynamic shear apparatus which have been developed in Japan. The tests were carried out in order to examine the

characteristics of test apparatus and test procedures under as nearly identical conditions as possible. The results obtained by

these tests are compared and discussed.

SP658; 1983 July. IV-l-IV-19. Bampton, M. C. C; Bosch, H.; Cheng, D. H.; Scheffey, C. F. Wind and structure motion study

for Pasco-Kennewick Bridge.

Key words: aerodynamic response; bridges; cable-stayed bridges. A program to study the responses to the natural wind of the 2507 ft (763 m) Pasco-Kennewick Bridge is described using an

automatic data collection system. The study consists of three

phases: preliminary investigation, data collection and data

analysis. The study is sponsored by the Federal Highway

Administration and will last two years.

SP658; 1983 July. V-l-V-5. Cooper, J. D.; Scheffey, C. F.; Sharpe, R. L.; Mayes, R. L. Draft seismic design guidelines for highway bridges. Key words: bridges; design guidelines; seismic design.

Seismic design guidelines for highway bridges in the United

States have been under development since 1977. The draft guidelines represent the collective thinking of a distinguished group of academicians, consultants and highway bridge

engineers. The guidelines were formulated and based on both the observed performance of bridges during past earthquakes and on

recent research conducted in the United States and abroad. They

are currently undergoing evaluation by bridge designers and

based on their comments are subject to change. The final version of the guidelines will be available in 1981.

SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8. Gergely, P.; White, R. N. Analysis and design of cracked reinforced concrete nuclear containment

shells for earthquakes.

Key words: concrete; containment vessels; cracking; dynamic

analysis; hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced concrete;

seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing.

Cracking reduces the shear stiffness of reinforced concrete

cylindrical containment shells. An extensive experimental program on specimens carrying biaxial tension and cyclic shear produced highly nonlinear shear-slip curves, relatively high

sliding shear strength, and low shear stiffness. The effects of this behavior on seismic response and design are discussed.

SP658; 1983 July. VI-9-VI-43. lida, R.; Matsumoto, N.; Kondo,

S. Comparison of the measured and computed responses of the Yuda Dam during the July 6, 1976 and June 12, 1978 earthquakes.

Key words: arched gravity dam; dynamic analysis; earthquake

accelerogram; frequency response functions; hydrodynamic

pressure. Two accelerograms were recorded at the foundation and dam

crest of the Yuda Dam, an arched gravity dam, during the July 8, 1976 and June 12, 1978 earthquakes. The frequency response

functions for dam crest to foundation were calculated from these accelerograms. The ground acceleration was used as an input, and the dynamic response was calculated using two-dimensional FEM analysis to compare with the measured response. The essential conclusions may be enumerated as follows: 1) The displacements at the crest of Yuda Dam were calculated from recorded accelerograms using a digital filtering procedure

in which the cutoff frequency of the weighting function was

slightly lower than the fundamental frequency of the dam. 2) According to the frequency response functions obtained from two accelerograms, the performance of the dam body may be

considered to be linear elastic. The water level of the reservoir influences the frequency response function. 3) The computed

response of the dam crest using the foundation accelerogram as an input from the two-dimensional FEM analysis coincides with

the measured one. Comparing Westergaard's method and

Chopra's method in the evaluation of hydrodynamic pressure, Chopra's method gives the response which contains more low

frequency components than Westergaard's method. However,

there is not much difference between them. Westergaard's added

mass when computed by neglecting the compressibility of water

provides a satisfactory approximation of the hydrodynamic

pressure.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-l-VII-21. Watabe, M.; Matsushima, Y.; Ishiyama, Y.; Kubo, T.; Ohashi, Y. Report on the 1978 MiyagiKen-Oki Earthquake.

Key words: ground motions; Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake;

subducting plate actions. The damage features and the causes of damage due to the Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake June 1978 are summarized as follows: (1) Earthquake Ground Motions, (2) Damage of

Structural Members, (3) Damage of Non-Structural Members,

and (4) Overall Views.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-VII-35. Haruyama, H.; Kobayashi, M.

Disastrous ground failures in a residential area over a large-scale

cut-and-fill in the Sendai region caused by the earthquake of 1978. Key words: artificial fill; disaster prevention; earthquake disaster; ground failure; slope steepness.

This paper examines the relationship between the disastrous ground failures in a hilly residential area and the land properties, due to the Miyagi-Ken-Oki earthquake of 1978. We measured the change of landforms by comparisons of two

maps based on aerial photographs taken before and after major

area earthworks. As the first step, we prepared a landform map

at a scale of 1/2,500 with a 2 meter contour interval, from a time

just before the earthworks for residential development (1957) and

after the earthworks (1978). Then we constructed a thickness isopleth map of the artificial

fill with a 2 meter interval and many profiles across the earthworks. Then we examined the interrelationships between the

distribution of ground cracks, the damage to destroyed houses, the retaining walls, the maps described above, and the original landforms.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII.61. Okubo, T; Ohashi, M.;

Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K.; Tokida, K. Damage features of ciyil engineering structures due to the Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake of

1978. Key words: earthquake history; ground motions; Miyagi-Ken-Oki

Earthquake; subsoil conditions. At 17h 14m (JST), June 12, 1978, a destructive earthquake took place offshore Miyagi-ken and caused extensive damage to buildings, highway facilities, river dykes, water supply, sewage

14
systems, electrical and gas supply systems, and others. Major observed damage characteristics shows: (i) the influence of subsoil conditions was great, and (ii) losses in commercial and

industrial sectors and residential housings comprise a high

percentage of the total damage amount.

This paper describes the outline of the earthquake, the earthquake history in the affected area, the geological and subsoil conditions, the recorded ground motions and damage features to

civil engineering structures which were caused by the earthquake, especially bridge damage.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78. Yamamura, K.; Sasaki, Y.; Koga, Y.; Taniguchi, E. Damage to river dykes caused by the Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake of June, 1978.

Key words: earthquake-resistant dykes; river dyke damage; soil liquefaction; soil relationships. A large number of engineering structures were severely

damaged by the Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake of June, 1978. This

paper describes the damage to the river dykes in the Kitakami, Naruse, Eai, and Yoshida Rivers by this earthquake.

Field surveys and laboratory investigations were performed on

subsoils underlying the dykes and following conclusions drawn: i) River dykes in the Miyagi prefecture were extensively damaged

by this earthquake, ii) The seismic resistance of river dykes is affected by the stability of supporting subsoils during an

earthquake: either by a tendency toward liquefaction, or by the bearing capacity of the subsoils, iii) The damage of river dykes

has a close relationship to the micro-topographical features. Dykes on a "former river bed" have a high potential to be damaged by earthquakes. It is suggested by the analyses on Eai River that the Land Form Classification Map for Flood Control

Planning is useful in predicting river dyke damage, iv) Reliquefaction may or may not occur at the same place. It was

observed not to occur at a layer which had been compacted by

previous earthquakes.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-79-VII-109. Tsuchida, H.; Noda, S. Damage to port structures by the 1978 Miyagi-Ken-Oki

Earthquake.

Key words: earthquake damage; seaport damage characteristics;

site liquefaction; stability analysis; strong motion accelerograms.

The 1978 Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake (M =7.4) caused damage to port facilities. From field investigations and analyses, the following lessons concerning earthquake engineering were

learned: 1) Strong-motion accelerograms were recorded by an

observation network of the Port and Harbour Research Institute. The largest peak ground acceleration of 280 gals was recorded at Shiogama Port. 2) Port facilities were damaged seriously when a

backfill liquefied. Otherwise, they suffered only lightly. 3) Current procedures for estimating liquefaction potential can lead

to an appropriate judgement for actual sites. 4) A relationship between the seismic coefficient and the maximum ground

acceleration for gravity quaywalls: e=l/3(p)'^' agrees with the

investigations of this earthquake. 5) The above-mentioned

relationship may be equally applicable to a stability calculation

for sheetpile quaywalls with anchor plates.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-llO-VII-129. Agbabian, M. S. Wood

diaphragms in masonry buildings. Key words: analytical model; dynamic response; seismic hazard; unreinforced masonry; wood diaphragms.

Reports of damage from past earthquakes indicate that wood

diaphragms supported on masonry walls have suffered little or no damage during excitation. However, the supporting masonry

walls have suffered degrees of damage varying from minor

tension cracks to separation from the diaphragms and complete

collapse. The interaction of a diaphragm with the masonry walls has a

critical effect on the dynamic behavior of the structure. Numerical analyses of plywood, diagonal- and straight-sheathed

floor and roof diaphragms indicate that highly nonlinear and

hysteretic load-deflection relationships are needed to describe the response of wood diaphragms. Experiments are planned to improve the analytical model by obtaining performance

characteristics of wall anchorages to diaphragms as well as deformations of diaphragms under cyclic excitations. Finally, candidate retrofit/strengthening techniques will be incorporated

into typical wood diaphragms, and the tests will be repeated in order to develop structural systems that will survive disastrous earthquakes.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-130-VII-142. Agbabian, M. S. Mitigatioii of seismic hazards in existing unreinforced masonry buildings. Key words: earthquake hazard mitigation; masonry buildings; mitigation; seismic hazards.

Analytical and experimental investigations to determine

resistance of structures in various seismic zones of the United

States are combined in an ongoing study. The study is being

carried out by a joint venture of three consulting engineering

firms in Los Angeles under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. A survey was initially made of unreinforced masonry (URM)

buildings in seven geographic areas in the United States. The

selection of types of structures for investigation considered

construction materials, size, distribution of walls around the perimeter and within the building, connection details, and the

application or absence of seismic design criteria. The structures selected for study consist of: a) Rectangular, six- story industrial buiding; b) Rectangular, four-story public school;

c) Irregular, four-story plus basement public building; d) U-shaped, four-story apartment building; e) Rectangular, six-story and three-story office buildings; 0 Rectangular, one-story and

three-story industrial buildings. A methodology for earthquake hazard mitigation is being developed that will be applicable to the broad range of buildings surveyed. Concurrent with these

analyses, tests are planned for masonry walls in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions, anchorage of walls to diaphragms, and wood and steel diaphragm characteristics. Tests of repaired

and/or retrofitted elements will also be carried out. The effect of the following rehabilitation techniques is being

investigated: Strengthening of masonry walls; Adding or improving anchorages; Repair and strengthening of diaphragms; Amelioration of foundation settlement.

SP658; 1983 July. VII-143-VII-156. Murota, T.; Ishiyama, Y. Development of a universal fastener for wooden building roof

frames. Key words: joint fasteners; roofing damage; structural performance; tension tests; universal fasteners; wooden roofs. A new type of joint fastener to be used in reinforcing wood

building roof frames was developed at the Building Research

Institute. This fastener, its behavior and strength developed in tension tests are described and shown in this paper. The

structural performance of this fastener is also compared to those of conventional joint fasteners such as cramp irons.

SP658; 1983 July. VIII-l-VIII-22. Scalzi, J. B.; McDonough, G.

F., Jr.; Costes, N. C. The NASA/MSFC experimental facilities at Huntsville, Alabama. Key words: foundation tests; large scale testing; structures soils; test facilities. An evaluation of National Aeronautics and Space

Administration (NASA) facilities and supporting capabilities for earthquake engineering research was made during a site visit and workshop held at George C. Marshall Space Right Center (MSFC), Alabama, on February 22, 23, and 24, 1979. Workshop

15
participants included twenty-six earthquake engineering

specialists from the academic community, industry, and

government. The workshop was sponsored by the National Science Foundation and NASA, and it was hosted by MSFC.

The chairmanship and overall direction of the workshop was

assumed by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. The results of the workshop indicate that the NASAAISFC

facilities and supporting capabilities offer unique opportunities for conducting earthquake engineering research. Specific features

that are particularly attractive for large-scale static and dynamic

testing of natural and man-made structures include the following:

large physical dimensions of buidings and test bays; high loading

capacity, wide range and large number of test equipment and

instrumentation devices; multichannel data acquisition and

processing systems; technical expertise for conducting large-scale

static and dynamic testing; sophisticated techniques for systems dynamics analysis, simulation and control; and capability for managing large-size and technologically complex programs. This paper will describe the pertinent facilities at MSFC

including their capabilities, origin^ purpose and utilization and

potential uses, both in their current state and with modification,

to support seismic testing of structures.

SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27. Thiel, C. C; Anderson, W.

A.; Gaus, M. P.; Hakala, W.; Krimgold, F.; Liu, S. C; Scalzi, J. B. Earthquake hazards reduction research supported in 1978. Key words: earthquake design; earthquake hazards research; geotechnical engineering; seismic design standards.

Research activities supported by the National Science Foundation in 1978 are reviewed. Abstracts of 153 awards are presented to describe the diversity of research activities underway as part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program.

SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-112. Nakazawa, K.; Kuribayashi,

E.; Tazaki, T.; Hadate, T.; Hagiwara, R. Functional damage and

rehabilitation of lifelines in the Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake of

1978. Key words: functional damage; lifeline systems; Miyagi-Ken-Oki

Earthquake.

The Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake of June 12th, 1978 with a magnitude of 7.4 brought many disasters to Sendai City, population six hundred thousand, and the adjacent area. The

disaster is deemed one of the biggest earthquake disasters since the Kanto Earthquake of 1923. Since then earthquake disasters in modernized prefectural cities have been experienced in the Fukui Earthquake of 1948 and the Niigata Earthquake of 1964. However, Sendai City was more greatly urbanized than Fukui

City and Niigata City was in those days. In this survey, the facts connected with earthquake disaster prevention measures were investigated cooperatively with the organizations listed later. This paper aims primarily at a

successful analysis of the functional losses and the rehabilitation of lifeline systems.

SP658; 1983 July. VIII- 113-VIII- 120. Anderson, W. A. Social aspects of earthquake mitigation and planning in the United States. Key words: hazard awareness; mitigation and preparedness

measures; socioeconomic factors. A number of social scientists in the United States have recently turned their attention to the pre-disaster responses of individuals and social imits and are investigating the socioeconomic factors

related to mitigation and preparedness. This research is important because it promises to result in the identification of the principal factors which influence the utilization of known and developing

social and technological adjustments to earthquakes, including

building codes, land use regulations, public education and

earthquake prediction. As a result of on-going and recently

completed social science studies, increased knowledge is developing on a number of important topics. The emerging

findings on the following questions are discussed in this paper: How is the earthquake hazard perceived by officials and the public? What types of mitigation and preparedness measures are

citizens and officials willing to accept? What is the impact of some existing hazard mitigation programs? What are some of the

social factors to consider in trying to enhance the benefits of

future earthquake predictions?

SP658; 1983 July. IX-l-IX-7. Takahashi, H.; Fujinawa, Y.

Orientation of tsunami research in Japan. Key words: disaster warning; earthquake detection; flood warning; tsunami prediction; tsunami research. We have been struck by large tsunamis which were induced by

earthquakes occurring near the Tonankai area of Japan on an

average of every thirteen years in a 350 year period. It is conjectured by some seismologists that a large earthquake may

occur in the area of Tonankai. We have experienced nine earthquakes which are considered to be grouped in the Tonankai

earthquake zone. All of these earthquakes were accompanied by

tsunamis. Victims rose to 31,000 in 1498 (Meio), 3,906 in 1605

(Keicho), 4,924 in 1707 (Hoei, and 3,427 in 1854 (Ansei),

respectively. We urgently need to plan countermeasures against tsunamis, especially to develop a warning system for tsunamis which take less than about ten minutes to reach our coasts. Tsunami research in Japan is briefly reviewed from the standpoint of developing an effective warning system.

SP658; 1983 July. IX-8-IX-18. Hashimoto, H.; Uda, T. Wave

setup caused by typhoon 7010. Key words: storm surge; typhoon damage; wave setup. Typhoon 7010 caused heavy damage to Kochi city brought on by flooding from the storm surge. Numerical computations were

carried out but they do not explain fully the abnormally high rise of the sea level. As one explanation, it is suggested that wave

setup contributes to an abnormally high rise since a typhoon is usually accompanied by high waves. Experimental investigation and numerical calculations were

carried out to make clear the magnitude of wave setup at the mouth of Kochi harbor. Generally, on a straight coast, the normal component of radiation stress caused by breaking waves

generates wave setup and the tangential component generates along-shore current. Investigations, however, show that the along-shore current is obstructed by a breakwater at Kochi

harbor and wave setup is generated by the tangential component

together with the normal one. The wave setup contributes to the anomaly, and its height is estimated to range from 0.5 m to 1.0 m. Numerical calculations confirm the experimental results though

they need further improvement.

SP658; 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24. Barrientos, C. S.; Hess, K. W.

Specification and prediction of surface wind forcing for ocean

current and storm surge models. Key words: hurricane; ocean current; oil spill trajectory; storm

surge; wind forcing; wind models.

Forecast methods to predict movements of oil spills in the ocean are being developed in the Techniques Development

Laboratory of the National Weather Service (NWS). An

operational model for oil movement forecast is being

implemented in NWS. The model will be available for routine use in the event of oil spills and for assessment studies of probable impacts of oil spills. The most important component in the movement of an oil spill

is due to the surface wind forcing. Surface wind stress acts on the

spilled oil in two ways: (1) to generate ocean surface currents, and (2) to drag directly the oil on the surface. We examined

different boundary layer wind formulations and assessed the

16
resulting surface currents response. A dynamical storm surge model has been developed in NWS

and is being used in real time forecasting of surges when a hurricane is approaching land. The model has proved useful in routine use during the last 10 years. Recently, a model has been

developed that forecast surges in bays and estuaries. Storm surge is generated by the action of the wind and low

atmospheric pressure in the storm (inverted barometer effect). The wind forcing is the dominant factor in surge generation. The

spatial distribution of the wind in a storm or typhoon determines

the resulting characteristics of the surge, such as, maximum surge and location on the coast, extent of the coastline affected by the surge and the height variation of the surge along the coast. We

tested different storm wind models and determined the response of the storm surge model.

SP658; 1983 July. IX-25-IX-28. Jelesnianski, C. P.; Barrientos, C.

S.; Chen, J. A dynamic model to predict storm surges and overland

flooding in bays and estuaries. Key words: forecast and warning; hurricane; overland flooding; storm surge.

In the United States, most of the damages caused by hurricanes

are attributed to storm surges. NOAA provides forecast and warning services to prevent loss of lives and property. A

dynamical model was developed to forecast storm surges in bays and estuaries. The development of the model and the operational

application for forecasting will be described.

SP658; 1983 July. IX-29-IX-37. Goda, Y. Topics on tsunami

protection along the port areas in Japan.

Key words: disaster planning; seawall protection; tsunami

breakwaters; tsunami prediction.

The major Japanese tsunamis since the ISth century and a general description of counter-measures against them are briefly introduced. Particular reference is made on tsunami break-waters used to protect port areas. The performance of the Ofunato

tsunami breakwater in the instance of the Tokachi-oki Earthquake Tsunami in 1968 is discussed, and a new plan for a Kamaishi tsunami breakwater is introduced. Also mentioned are

several tsunami prediction plans in progress.

SP658; 1983 July. X-l-X-16. Hattori, S. Seismic risk maps (maximum acceleration and maximum particle velocity) in the Southeast Asian countries of the Philippines, Indonesia, and Indo- China. Key words: disaster prediction; earthquake motions; hypocenters;

seismic risk maps; seismic zoning.

Seismic risk maps in the Southeast Asian Countries of the

Philippines, Indonesia, and Indo-China were made using existing seismic data, attenuation models, and the method of extreme

value fitting. The maps consist of the following two kinds: (i) The maximum particle velocity (kine) on the base rock, and (ii) The maximum acceleration (gal) on the ground. The return periods of these maps are 50, 100 and 200 years, respectively. This paper is a modification of the report which the author is going to present at the International Conference on Engineering

for Protection from Natural Hazard, which was held in the Conference Center of the Asian Institute of Technology in Thailand January 7-10, 1980.

SP658; 1983 July. X-17-X-38. Meehan, J. F. California school and

hospital ceilings. Key words: anchorage; applied ceilings; plaster ceilings; seismic

forces; T-bar ceilings. A description of the methods of anchoring plaster, panel

applied and T-bar ceilings against seismic forces is presented

which is acceptable to the Structural Safety Section of the Office

of the State Architect for public school and hospital buildings in California.

SP659. Cullen, W. C; Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; Mathey, R. G.; Clifton, J. R. Low sloped roofing research plan. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Spec. Publ. 659: 1983 July. 40 p. SN003-003-02507-1. Key words: low-sloped roofing; mathematical modeling; membranes; repair; research plan; roofs; standards; thermal

insulations.

This report presents a long-range plan for roofing research. The

plan was developed in response to a need for roofing research addressing major materials problems and changes in low-sloped

roofing materials technology. The intent of the plan is to establish the

technical basis for developing standards and minimum levels of performance to assist in the selection of cost-effective and durable

roofing materials. Four major areas of needed research are identified:

(1) low-sloped roofing systems, (2) roofing membranes including

single-ply and built-up, (3) thermal insulation for roofing systems, and

(4) condition assessment and repair of roofs. Within each research

area, a goal is given as well as a number of objectives to achieve the

goal. A recommended approach to accomplish each objective is also given.

JOURNAL

OF

RESEARCH

The Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards

reports NBS research and development in those disciplines of the

physical and engineering sciences in which the Bureau is active. These include physics, chemistry, engineering, mathematics, and computer sciences. Papers cover a broad range of subjects, with major emphasis on measurement methodology, and the basic technology underlying standardization. Also included from time to time are survey articles on topics closely related to the Bureau's

technical and scientific programs. As a special service each issue contains complete citations to all recent NBS publications in NBS and non-NBS media.

Mahajan, B. M. Analysis of liquid flow-induced motion of a discrete

solid in a partially fiUed pipe. / Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.). 88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August.

Key words: analysis; flow; force; liquid; model; momentum;

partially-filled; pipe; solid; solid-liquid channel flow; steady; uniform; velocity. An analysis is presented for the liquid flow-induced motion of a

solid in partially filled pipes. A general equation of the flow-induced motion of a solid is developed. Two alternate force models, one (F,) based on free stream velocity and another (F,J based on free stream momentum flux, are formulated to simplify the general equation.

The equation of motion is solved for the motion of a cylindrical

solid with steady-uniform liquid flows and the effects of relevant

variables on the motion of a solid are predicted. The variables considered include: volume rate of liquid flow, Q\ pipe diameter, D\

Manning coefficient, n\ and slope, S\ solid diameter, d; length, L;

specific gravity, <r; coefficient of friction between a solid and the pipe

wall, ij; and the two force functions, F, and F„.

17
The flow rate, C required to initiate the motion of a solid increases with an increase in D, n, d, L, cr, and tj^ and decreases with an

increase in S. The force function F„ predicts a lower value of than does the force function The velocities of a solid increase with an increase in Q and 5 and

decrease with an increase in D, n, d, L, cr, and tj. The force function F„ predicts higher values of the velocity of a solid than does the force function F^. The effects of the variables Q^, D, S, d, L, and tj, on the velocities of a solid are qualitatively consistent with the available experimental

data. The qualitative agreement between the predicted results and

experimental data demonstrate the validity of the analysis presented. NBS

INTERAGENCY

REPORTS

The Interagency Reports are a special series of interim or final reports on work generally performed by NBS for outside sponsors

(both government and non-government). When released by the National Bureau of Standards and the Sponsor, initial distribution is handled by the Sponsor. PubHc availability is by the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA 22161. This

series must be ordered from NTIS by the order number listed at the end of each entry.

NBSIR 81-2456. Bamett, J. P. Selected measured data from residential housing for use in testing and verification of buUding energy analysis programs. 1982 January. 62 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-216341. Key words: building energy analysis program; data tape; measured hourly data; testing and verification. A set of measured residential data has been culled from three larger data sets for use in the testing and verification of building energy

analysis programs. The data consist of hourly values for heating/cooling system performance and weather conditions that are

sufficient in detail, it is believed, for all existent computer programs. These data have been encoded onto a magnetic tape. In addition, general information has been collected on the houses, occupants/occupant use, and heating/cooling systems. NBSIR 82-2485. Collins, B. L.; Lemer, N. D.; Pierman, B. C. Symbols

for industrial safety. 1982 June. 157 p. Available from; NTIS: PB

82-237850. Key words: communication; hazard; pictogram; safety; signs; standards; symbols; visual alerting; warnings.

Written signs are commonly used in industrial sites to provide hazard warnings and safety information. The use of safety symbols

may increase the effectiveness of safety communication, because such

signs are language-free, and because they can be recognized more

rapidly and accurately than written text even under some conditions of interference and distraction. The effectiveness of safety symbols

critically depends upon the selection of symbolic images which are

readily understandable to the intended audience. A four phase

evaluation of a set of selected industrial worksite symbols is described. The four phases involved identification of 33 key safety messages,

selection of candidate symbols for each message, evaluation of the

understandability of the candidate symbols, and determination of the

preference for the 87 candidate images, using both industrial and

nonindustrial (naive) personnel. Symbol understandability, in terms of

percentage of correct responses and confusions, varied widely for the

thirty-three referents. Despite standardized use for a number of years, the radiation, biohazard, and laser symbols were frequently

misidentified. Symbols for protective gear, first aid, and emergency

equipment were generally correctly identified. The different images

selected for various hazards show the greatest range in understandability, with the results for symbolic versions of

entanglement, electricity, corrosion, and overhead hazard being quite

different. The most frequently correct image was usually also the most preferred. NBSIR 82-2489. Parken, W. H.; Kao, J. Y.; Kelly, G. E. Strategies for energy conservation in small office buildings. 1982 July. 55 p. AvaUable from: NTIS; PB 82-245820. Key words: building control strategies; building energy

conservation; building thermal performance; HVAC.

A comparative analysis is made of the thermal performance of a

small office building using various HVAC systems and commonly

employed strategies. The comparisons are made for seven

geographical locations representing wide climatic variations within

the continental United States. Results were obtained for fan, space heating hot water, and chilled water energy consumption through hour-by-hour simulations using

the BLAST computer program. A small office building model was

used in the simulations along with several HVAC systems; a constant volume reheat unit (serving the entire building), dual constant volume

reheat units (serving separate zones of the building), and a variable air volume reheat unit. The strategies investigated included supply air temperature reset (constant, zone-controlled, and outdoor air- controlled), economy cycles (temperature and enthalpy), continuous

conditioning versus conditioning only during occupied hours, changes

in reheat set point temperature, and changes in minimum variable air volume ratio. For comparable control strategies, the variable-air volume terminal reheat system exhibited the least energy consumption

for chilled water, hot water and circulating fan. The system

incorporating two independently-operating constant volimie terminal reheat units ranked second in energy consumption while the single constant volume terminal reheat unit ranked last. Changes in thermal performance resulting from implementing one strategy in place of or

in combination with another were found to vary significantly by

climate and the type of HVAC system employed.

NBSIR 82-2510. Chang, Y. M. L.; Grot, R. A. Quality of inspections

utilizing infrared technology on weatherization retrofit installations. 1982 November. 109 p. AvaUable from: NTIS; PB 83-146936. Key words: building heat losses; comparison of inspections; infrared scanning systems; insulation voids; interpretation of thermograms; thermal deficiencies; thermographic inspections; weatherization retrofits. A comparative evaluation of various portable infrared sensing systems used for detecting heat loss anomalies within building

envelopes was performed. This is the second of a two-stage applied research program sponsored by the Department of Energy to assess the application and reliability of using infrared technology. Twelve

single-family residences in three cities from the Weatherization Program of the Community Services Administration were employed

as field samples. The results of infrared surveys carried out by

thermographic surveying frnns and those by the National Bureau of

Standards were analyzed and compared in the categories of: completeness of scanning, identification of defects, weather condition of inspection, and method of equipment operation. The thermograms

of uninsulated areas, sketches of observed thermal deficiencies, and

total areas of defects for each dwelling are presented. Through the comparison, the degree of completeness of inspecting the residences thoroughly was evaluated to be the most important factor for defect

identification. The results of thermographic inspection of the homes

showed that serious thermal anomalies still existed in most of these 'weatherized' residences, with a majority exhibiting between 5 percent

18
and 15 percent of the wall areas uninsulated, or defective. The total uninsulated areas observed by each surveyor was found to be affected by the quality of thermograms submitted. NBSIR 82-2568. Chung, R. M.; Yokel, F. Y. Contribution to the ASTM resonant column round robin testing program. 1982 December. 64 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-151161. Key words: damping; resonant column; round robin tests; shear modulus; soil dynamics; test methods; torsional vibrations.

Results from National Bureau of Standards (NBS) resonant column

tests to determine shear moduli and damping ratios for Monterey No.

0 sand are presented to supplement the ASTM resonant column round

robin program. In addition to testing solid specimen as specified for the initial ASTM round robin program, hollow cylindrical specimens were tested to provide an independent check on the validity of the

results. The NBS test data on shear moduli are consistently lower than the average values obtained from the initial round robin program, but they are within the range of the initial round robin test data. It is believed that, at least in part, the difference between the NBS and the round robin data was caused by the fact the NBS specimens had a lower average relative density which was also closer to 60 percent

relative density specified for the round robin tests. Damping ratios obtained by NBS fit rather closely the curve obtained from the initial round robin program. No significant difference was found between the maximum shear moduli and damping ratios obtained from the testing of solid specimens and hollow cylindrical specimens.

NBSIR 82-2589. Harris, J. R.; Leyendecker, E. V., eds. Plan for a

trial design program to assess amended ATC 3-06 tentative provisions

for the development of seismic regulations for buildings. 1982 November. 28 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-172676. Key words: building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake

engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs.

This report presents a trial design program to establish the technical

viability of the recommendations contained in the report The Tentative

Provisions for the Development of Seismic Regulations for Buildings

developed by the Applied Technology Council and subsequently modified in a review project conducted by the building Seismic

Safety Council (BSSC) and the National Bureau of Standards. The

trial design program is intended to provide information for estimating the impact of adopting the recommendations in the Tentative

Provisions, evaluate the useability of the Tentative Provisions, establish the technical viability of the Tentative Provisions and obtain objective information for the future resolution of disputes concerning specific provisions. The trial design program is a phased program. Phase 1, being conducted by the BSSC, consists of designs of twenty-seven

buildings and is underway. The BSSC is actively pursuing completion

of the trial design program through additional funding and voluntary

effort. NBSIR 82-2602. Winter, F.; Galowin, L. Experimental evaluation of

circulation loop drain and vent plumbing modifications for building

rehabilitation. 1982 December. 94 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83- 162339. Key words: innovative venting; plumbing; plumbing renovation;

rehabilitation; vents for plumbing.

Rehabilitation or modernization of existing buildings frequently

imposes increased loads on the plumbing water supply and drainage

system. The requirement for venting in U.S. practice is intended to prevent trap seal loss from exceeding values prescribed in model

plumbing codes. The vent piping in older buildings may be marginal

for retrofit under code requirements for new construction with the same or increased numbers of fixtures and devices installed into the plumbing system. An experimental laboratory investigation of a "circulation loop"

modification to a drain-waste-vent (DWV) system was conducted to

determine the change in performance. An experimental evaluation of

the performance of the modified system and a conventional system were undertaken for a variety of simulated wastewater-loads with

various plumbing fixtures and multi-story soil stack loads. The

performance parameters considered were trap seal failures, backflow, and the siphonic action of the water closets. Also, the dynamic

responses to pressure excursions and air flow rates in the branches were measured. Both systems were tested to the limiting condition for

single-stack performance over a range of air flow rates into the soil and vent stack. The circulation loop system was found to decrease the pressure

difference in the upper portion of the soil stack, and to provide

limited benefits in reducing trap seal failures and failure due to reduced siphonic action in the lower level water closets. With vent

valves open, both the conventional and modified loop systems provided satisfactory venting except at the highest loads. Additional

research should be undertaken to develop methods for sizing the soil stack and vent connection fitting connection to the circulation loop. Further testing should also be done with small regulated air flows into the vent stack. NBSIR 82-2605. Grot, R. A.; Burch, D. M.; Silberstein, S. Measurement methods for diagnostic procedures in evaluation of thermal integrity of building envelopes. 1982 November. 140 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-180174. Key words: air infiltration rates; envelope thermal performance;

infrared imaging; radiometers; thermal bridges; thermographic

surveys; tracer gas techniques.

This report presents reviews of various measurement and inspection

techniques appropriate for the development of detailed diagnostic

procedure for assessing the thermal performance of the exterior envelopes of federal buildings. The inspection techniques include the use of ground-based infrared thermographic surveys, aerial infrared surveys, tracer gas air infiltration measurement, pressurization tests for measuring the tightness of the building envelope, and spot radiometer surveys for detecting gross defects. Heat flow meters, a

portable calorimeter, and a microprocessor-driven envelope testing unit are also considered. For each technique recommended procedures are provided; they

include equipment requirements, conditions under which the techniques can be carried out, calibration, accuracy, and limitations. The detailed diagnostic procedures specific to small and large federal buildings require further development from on-site field testing of

representive buildings. An Executive Summary provides an overview of the Building

Diagnostic Program of which Phase 1 is covered in this report. Field

test evaluations will be carried out in Phase 2 and implementation under Phase 3. NBSIR 82-2606. Klein, S. A. A model of the steady-state performance

of an absorption heat pump. 1982 October. 56 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-152314. Key words: absorption heat pump; ammonia-water; ARKLA

water chiller; experimental performance; mathematical model;

steady-state performance.

A mathematical model of the steady-state performance of an

absorption heat pump is described. The model is compared with

experimental data from a residential-sized water chiller. It is also used

to determine the sensitivity of the heat pump performance to its design variables. NBSIR 82-2610. Yaniv, S. L.; Flynn, D. R. Highway noise criteria study: Executive summary. 1982 October. 38 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-149831. Key words: acoustics; general adverse response to noise; noise measurement; sound.

This report summarizes a multifaceted research program carried out by the acoustics staff of the National . Bureau of Standards at the

-19
request of the Federal Highway Administration. The program was

designed to (1) identify and quantify the important physical parameters associated with time-varying highway noise caused by

various densities of both free-flowing and stop-and-go traffic conditions; (2) investigate, evaluate and compare measures and

computational procedures for rating time-varying noise in terms that are relevant to human response; and (3) determine by means of a laboratory study which among several time-varying rating schemes

best predicts acceptability and annoyance caused by traffic noise as heard both outdoors and indoors. The results of this program are

briefly described and the implications of the major findings discussed. NBSIR 82-2614. Swaffield, J. A. The prediction of floating solid

velocities in unsteady partially filled pipe flow. 1983 July. 35 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-258598. Key words: floating soUds; partially filled pipe flows; pipe flow

with solids; plumbing drains. The method of characteristics is applied to solve the unsteady

partially filled pipe flow equations and to predict the velocity of

floating solids assumed to travel at a fixed percentage of the local flow velocity. Experimental verification for the technique is provided for

cylindrical solids in 100 mm diameter drainage pipe at a range of

gradients from 1/40 to 1/150. The system upstream boundary conditions are shown to be capable of representation in terms of the inflow energy at the pipe entry

section. Steady flow floating solid to flow velocity ratios are presented at 1/150 pipe gradient and further areas of experimental work to determine the variation of these ratios with pipe gradient and flow depth are identified. NBSIR 82-2621 (DoE). Liu, S. T. Thermal comfort conditions in the NBS/DoE direct gain passive solar test facility. 1982 December. 48

p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-162032. Key words: ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55-1981; black globe

temperature; comfort envelope; direct gain room; operative temperature; passive solar test facility; solar radiation; thermal

comfort. The thermal comfort conditions in a direct gain cell of the NBS/DoE passive solar test facihty were analyzed in accordance

with the criteria specified in the recently revised ASHRAE Comfort

Standard 55-1981, using test data collected during the month of October 1981 and the month of January 1982. It was found that the daytime operative temperature (as measured by the black globe temperature sensors) in an area near the large south glazing exceeded

the upjjer boundary of the ASHRAE comfort envelope by a large amount in a clear day during both the thermal transition month of October and the cold winter month of January. The generally

accepted method of computing the mean radiant tempierature based only on the interior surface temperatures was found to produce large

errors. The reflected solar radiation from the interior surfaces and the snow covered ground was believed to play a significant role on the measured black globe temperature and should be included in the computation of the mean radiant temperature for a space with large glazed areas. NBSIR 82-2626. Leyendecker, E. V., ed. Amendments to ATC 3-06

Tentative Provisions for the development of seismic regulations for buildings for use in trial designs. 1982 December. 91 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-158543. Key words: building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake

engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs. The report presents amendments to the seismic design

recommendations contained in the report "Tentative Provisions for the Development of Seismic Regulations for Buildings" developed by

the Applied Technology Council. These amendments were prepared

in a review project conducted by the Building Seismic Safety Council

and the National Bureau of Standards. The amendments plus the Tentative Provisions will be used in a trial design program to provide

information for estimating the impact of adopting the recommendations. NBSIR 82-2630. Kopetka, P.; Galowin, L. Development and evaluation of a test method for shower heads. 1983 February. 64 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-180406. Key words: plumbing; showerheads; water conservation; water

supply devices. A proposed test method for the evaluation of low-flow shower

heads or flow-restrictor-modified shower heads was developed. The

test method provides for the measurement of the principal operating

characteristics, i.e., pressure-flow rate dependency and the shower

spray distribution. The requirements for laboratory instrumentation

suitable for application to the apparatus and the procedures for testing were established. A water collection device, "sector rig," was

designed and constructed for the measurement of spray distribution

patterns. Experiments were conducted with a small number of shower

heads to determine the suitability of the proposed test method. The

experimental results indicated the appUcability of the method for measurement of spray distribution patterns and other conventional

hydraulic performance parameters. A proposed test method for evaluation of shower heads was prepared based upon the analysis of

the test results. The test method includes the specification of

instrumentation, apparatus, procedures, measurements, and data

reduction. NBSIR 82-2632. Spellerberg, P. A.; Welbom, J. Y. A review of the Bituminous Reference Sample Program of the AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory. 1982 December. 24 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-164608. Key words: coefficient of variation; laboratory performance; test precision. The Bituminous Reference Sample Program of the AASHTO

Materials Reference Laboratory has been operating for more than

fifteen years. This paper provides an overview of the accomplishments of this important cooperative undertaking of the National Bureau of Standards and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Background information on the development of standard

specifications and methods of test, the AASHTO and the AMRL, is presented to give a historical perspective and to identify the need for the program. Details concerning its operation are reviewed. The

coefficients of variation derived from the analysis of laboratory test data from a number of selected tests are plotted and evaluated. The

value of the laboratory rating system and the laboratory performance

charts which have been developed is discussed, conclusions are made

regarding the effectiveness of the program and the accuracy of

established test precision limits. NBSIR 83-2635. Walton, G. N. A computer algorithm for estimating

infiltration and inter-room air flows. 1983 February. 35 p. Available

from: NTIS; PB 83-174904. Key words: building energy analysis; building heat transfer; computer modeling; convection; infiltration; ventilation.

This report discusses the extension of an infiltration predicting

technique to the prediction of inter-room air movements. The air flow through openings is computed from the ASHRAE crack method

together with a mass balance in each room. Simultaneous solution of

the mass balances in all rooms having both large and smaU openings is accomplished by a slightly modified Newton's method. A simple

theory for two-way flow through large openings is developed from

consideration of density differences caused by different temperatures

in adjoining rooms. The technique is verified by comparison to published experimental results. The results indicate that the simple

model provides reasonable results for complex two way flows through openings. The model is as accurate as the available data, that

20
is, about ±20%. The air flow algorithm allows infiltration and forced

air flows to interact with the doorway flows to provide a more

general simulation capability. NBSIR 83-2638. Chi, J.; Didion, D. A commercial heating boUer

transient analysis simulation model (DEPAB2). 1983 January. 93 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-165480. Key words: boilers; computer model; energy conservation; fire tube boilers; heat transfer.

This report documents a second generation boiler transient analysis computer program DEPAB2. It treats in detail the boiler controllers and different modes of heat transfer (which include conductive, convective and radiative) in the boiler environment; and it is built upon 7 principal subroutines for the controller and interface flux calculations and 16 auxihary subroutines for fluid properties, fuel/air combustion and heat transfer parameters. Also included is a guide on using DEPAB2. Included are: (1) Input

data requirements for DEPAB2 runs, (2) Procedures for DEPAB2

runs, and (3) Output data interpretation. In addition, a worked

example is described and discussed in detail to illustrate: (1) the DEPAB2 runs, (2) quantitative information generated by DEPAB2

runs, and (3) use of information from DEPAB2 runs to design energy

conservation strategies. NBSIR 83-2648. Mulroy, W. J.; Park, C. Experimental and analytical investigation of a residential hot water boUer with finned copper tube heat exchangers. 1983 March. 64 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83- 201467. Key words: annual efficiency; annual operating costs; boilers;

fossil fuel heating systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas

fueled; part-load performance; rating procedures; seasonal

efficiency.

In response to a request by a manufacturer of a nontypical boiler, the Department of Energy requested the National Bureau of

Standards to perform laboratory measurements under controlled conditions of the effect on seasonal performance of several features (finned copper tube heat exchanger, water circulating pump delay, and gas valve modulation) of this boiler that might cause it to be

unfairly treated by the existing test procedure. As a result of this study, recommended changes to the existing test procedure to allow

rating tests with water circulating pump delay are presented. A

recommended change to the assigned cyclic jacket loss factor and a

simplified procedure for experimentally determining this factor are

also presented. No change to the current test procedure treatment of

gas valve modulation or flue gas mass flow as a function of temperature are recommended.

NBSIR 83-2653. Wise, R. A. Field test results on the performance of a

refrigerator-freezer in a single-family residence. 1983 February. 23

p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-179010. Key words: consiuner; defrost; door-openings; energy use; field

test; home; ice cubes; ice-maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer.

The operation of a side-by-side 623 L (22 cubic foot) refrigerator- freezer in use in a single family residence was continuously monitored

for over two years. During this time, the daily cumulative number of

freezer and fresh-food door openings, ice-maker operations, defrost

cycles, and compressor cycles were recorded. In addition, the lengths of time the doors were open, the length of defrost heater "on" time, and the watt-hours energy use were recorded. On a weekly basis the amount of accumulated defrost water was measured. All information was entered into a computer file and analyzed to determine the magnitudes, variations, and trends of the data. The effects of such

variables as the season of the year, number of people using the test unit, and a slow refrigerant leak were evaluated. Graphic representations of many of the variables vs. time and vs. each other are included in the report. The small effect that ambient or

variable use conditions had on long term cumulative energy use and

the great variation found in the use conditions on both a daily and

weekly basis are typical observations. Averaged over the entire data

collection period, the fresh food compartment door was opened 32.5 times per day for a total of 3.8 minutes per day. The freezer compartment door was opened seven times per day for a total of 1 minute per day, and the ice-maker operated 2.4 times per day

producing 14 ice cubes. NBSIR 83-2655. Walton, G. N. Thermal Analysis Research Program

Reference Manual. 1983 February. 286 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-194225. Key words: building energy analysis; building heat transfer; computer modeling; load calculation. The Thermal Analysis Research Program (TARP) has been

developed as a research tool for the thermal analysis of buildings. It especially aims to study the interactions of many complex heat

transfer phenomena. TARP uses the detailed heat balance method for the simultaneous calculation of the energy requirements of multiple rooms. Interroom conductive and convective processes are simulated

in detail. This program reference manual describes the algorithms,

input, output, and program structure of TARP. The program is written to be portable and modifiable. It is written in FORTRAN 77 and has run on CDC and UNIVAC computers. Future expansions of

the program are anticipated, particularly for the simultaneous

simulation of equipment performance and building thermal response. NBSIR 83-2662. Ventre, F. T. Documentation and assessment of the GSA/PBS Building Systems Program: Background and research

plan. 1983 February. 67 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-192807. Key words: building measurement; building systems; Federal

buildings; field assessment; office buildings; performance

specification; post-occupancy evaluation; procurement; technical innovation.

This report documents the origins and conduct of the General

Services Administration/Public Buildings Service (GSA/PBS)

Building Systems Program (BSP) undertaken during the 1970s and recommends a research plan for assessing the effectiveness of the BSP. The report proposes specific methods for assessing two

outcomes of the BSP: the delivery of specified levels of performance

for four attributes in the six buildings completed under the BSP and

the wider effects of the BSP on the building community.

NBSIR 83-2671. Stahl, F. I. The Standards Interface for ComputerAided Design. 1983 March. 48 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 82- 193094. Key words: building codes and standards; building delivery

process; building design process; computer-aided building design;

computer-aided design; computer-integrated construction; engineering database management; structural engineering

computer programs.

Building quality can be improved and building costs reduced

through more effective computer utilization in design and

construction. To accomplish these objectives improved interfaces are needed between building project databases and computer-based

procedures for analysis and design, and between computer-based

engineering procedures and applicable design standards. This latter task involves a set of problems termed the Standards Interface for Computer-Aided Design (SI/CAD). These problems comprise the focus of the current report. The SI/CAD is shown to be a critical determinant of computer-aided design (CAD) system effectiveness, particularly in the domain of structural engineering design. This

report examines the hypotheses that: (1) the ability to easily maintain design standards data is fundamental to CAD system effectiveness; (2) the configuration of presently available computer-aided structural design (CASD) system software inhibits efficient design standards data modification, requiring costly maintenance to avoid software obsolescence and limiting the overall usefulness of these systems; and

(3) methods to enhance the efficiency of criterion checking and

standards data maintenance are required to increase the utilization of

21
CAD technology. Support for hypotheses (1) and (2) is developed from anecdotal engineering experience and from the technical

literature drawn principally from CASD. No evidence was found to support hypothesis (3). NBSIR 83-2674. Rennex, B. Error analysis for the National Bureau of Standards 1016 mm guarded hot plate. 1983 April. 47 p. Available

from: NTIS; PB 83-202481. Key words: apparent thermal conductivity; error analysis; guarded hot plate; thermal insulation; thermal resistance. An error analysis is given for the 1 -meter Guarded Hot Plate at the National Bureau of Standards. This apparatus is used to measure the thermal resistance of insulation materials. The individual contributions

to uncertainty in thermal resistance are discussed in detail. The total uncertainty is estimated to be less than 0.5 percent at sample

thicknesses up to ISO mm (6 inches) and less than 1 percent at a

thickness of 300 mm (12 inches). NBSIR 83-2675. Collins, B. L.; Lemer, N. D. An evaluation of exit symbol visibility. 1983 April. 52 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83- 202424. Key words: exit symbols; fire safety; legibility; symbols;

understandability; visibility; visual alerting. The performance of exit symbols was assessed in a laboratory

experiment using viewing conditions degraded to resemble smoke. Research participants were presented with color slides showing

symbol signs designed to be used in buildings. For each slide the

participant indicated if the symbol conveyed the message of "exit." A

total of 108 symbol slides were used, of which 18 were exit symbols.

Each of the 42 participants were familiarized with a random set of 9 of the 18 exit symbols, prior to data collection. During the experiment, the symbol of slides were presented under three levels of viewing difficulty. In general, errors increased as the viewing

conditions became more degraded but the increase in errors became

much more severe for some symbols than others. Fewer errors were made for some of the symbols that had been familiarized. The data suggested that increased errors under degraded viewing conditions were related to graphic features of the symbols. A number of specific symbol features that influence exit symbol effectiveness were

identified along with features of nonexit symbols that produce

confusions. Finally, recommendations for exit symbol design are presented that may lessen egress-related confusions during building

emergencies.

NBSIR 83-2676. Chang, Y. M.; Grot, R. A. Technique for tracking the

effect of weatherization retrofits on low-income housing. 1983 April. 51 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-203026. Key words: balance point temperature; computer graphics;

degree days; energy conservation; energy consumption; fuel usage records; tracking technique; weatherization retrofit.

This report presents a technique for analyzing the effect of energy

saving retrofits installed in low-income housing under a nationwide

weatherization demonstration program. This program was undertaken by the Community Services Administration (CSA) with the technical support of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS).

A tracking technique, based on the calculated balance-point

temperature of each home prior to the weatherization, was developed

to estimate the would-be fuel consumption over a period of time if the house had not been weatherized. The savings in fuel consumption for a home can be determined from the difference between the actual usage after retrofit and the calculated usage if it were not retrofitted. Besides the overall reduction, the saving in energy usage during

different time periods while the house is being weatherized can be

visualized from the graphical representation of the tracking technique. Fuel reduction is reported for more than 100 homes using different

fuels in seven cities across the nation, selected to represent various

climate zones and geographical locations. It was found that the average saving in fuel consumption for dwellings in each city is about

30 percent.

NBSIR 83-2680. Rudder, F. F., Jr. Method for assessing benefits of

airborne noise isolation requirements in residential and educational

buildings. 1983 April. 66 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-198556. Key words: acoustical design; benefit analysis; building codes; model code; noise control; noise impact; outdoor-indoor noise

isolation.

This report presents a method for estimating benefits accruing from

implementing acoustical performance requirements for new buildings. The method can be applied to a wide range of enviroiunental noise conditions and noise isolation requirements for building envelopes.

Benefits are estimated based upon the distribution of population with outdoor noise level and the noise isolation provided by the building

envelope. A method is described for estimating noise isolation performance of existing construction based upon local conditions. NBSIR 83-2688. Pielert, J. H.; Mathey, R. G. Guidelines for assessment and abatement of asbestos-containing materials in buildings. 1983 May. 75 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-208470. Key words: abatement of asbestos; asbestos; buUdings;

fireproofing; insulation; regulations; structural steel.

This report presents guidelines for the assessment and abatement of

asbestos-containing materials in buildings based on available information. Background information is given on the history and use of asbestos-containing products in buildings, and regulations

pertaining to their use. Included are control measures for buildings

containing asbestos materials, procedures for determining condition of

the materials, and abatement techniques for containment and removal. A summary is presented of recent guide specifications and standards developed by industry, government agencies, and a standards organization which are related to asbestos-containing materials in existing buildings. These documents include guidance for the control, assessment, and abatement of such materials. NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I. Yokel, F. Y.; Stanevich, R. L. Development of

draft construction safety standards for excavations—Volume I. 1983

April. 124 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 84-100569. Key words: braced excavations; construction; Federal

regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching.

A record of an interim stage in the development of revisions to

existing Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

regulations governing excavations, trenching and shoring practices in the construction industry. Subpart P 29 CFR 1926, is presented. The

National Bureau of Standards (NBS) prepared a working draft of recommended changes to the regulations based on previous NBS

technical studies. Five regional industry workshops were held to discuss the proposed revisions. Included in the report is a copy of the recommended revisions, which were submitted to the workshops, and

a record of industry's response in the form of suggestions,

commentary and summaries of workshop activities. The key section of the report presents an analysis of industry response and resulting recommendations. The document is a record intended to aid OSHA

during subsequent stages of the rule-making process. NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. II. Yokel, F. Y.; Stanevich, R. L. Development

of draft construction safety standards for excavations—Volume 1. 1983 April. 314 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-233353. Key words: braced excavations; construction; Federal

regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope stability;

soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching.

A record of an interim stage in the development of revisions to

existing Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

regulations governing excavations, trenching and shoring practices in the construction industry. Subpart P 29 CFR 1926, is presented. The

National Bureau of Standards (NBS) prepared a working draft of recommended changes to the regulations based on previous NBS

technical studies. Five regional industry workshops were held to

22
discuss the proposed revisions. Included in the report is a copy of the recommended revisions, which were submitted to the workshops, and

a record of industry's response in the form of suggestions,

commentary and summaries of workshop activities. The key section of the report presents an analysis of industry response and resulting recommendations. The document is a record intended to aid OSHA

during subsequent stages of the rule-making process. NBSIR 83-2694. Glass, R. A.; Howett, G. L.; Lister, K.; Collins, B. L. Some criteria for colors and signs in workplaces. 1983 April. 97 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-201442. Key words: chromaticity; color; color appearance; energyefficient lights; illumination; light source; safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual sensitivity. The use of safety-related visual displays such as signs and colors in workplaces is discussed. The discussion includes a review of relevant

national and international standards for safety colors and signs. It also includes a review of measures of spatial resolution in human vision, as well as of color sensitivity and color appearance. In addition, research on the effectiveness of safety signs, symbols, and colors is reviewed. Based on the initial literature review, the appearance of safety colors under energy efficient light sources was identified as an area for detailed research. As a result, a laboratory study was conducted in which the color appearance of 45 different color samples under five

light sources including energy efficient ones was determined for seven

subjects. The color samples were contained in four color series: standard colors; experimental colors; retroreflective and

retroreflective-fluorescent colors; and fluorescent-only colors. The

results indicated the existence of a set of colors which was more

identifiable under all light sources than the current standard safety

colors. This set contains a number of fluorescent and retroreflective

colors, tmlike the current safety colors. Recommendations are made

for further research, including field research, to determine the

effectiveness of the suggested color set on safety signs under an even

broader range of illuminants. The need to assess color appearance under mixed light sources is also addressed. NBSIR 83-2709. Pielert, J. H. Status of safety net standards for construction and research needs. 1983 September. 41 p. Available

from: NTIS; PB 84-102045. Key words: construction; construction safety; occupational

safety; perimeter nets; safety nets.

This report represents the status of standards for safety nets used in construction and identifies areas of technical inconsistency. Typical

applications of safety nets are reviewed including the results of

literature and field surveys. Major technical sections of six standards

are compared in a tabular format to highlight areas of agreement, as well as, requirements which vary and indicate lack of consensus. This

information is analyzed and used to develop a prioritized research plan for safety nets. NBSIR 83-2713. May, W. B., Jr. Time of day control and duty cycling

algwithms for building management and control systems. 1983 July. 60 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-241919. Key words: Building Management and Control Systems (EMCS,

BMCS); computer control; control algorithms; control software; duty cycling; energy management; heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC); scheduled start/stop; time of day control.

Software is an important component of building management and

control systems (BMCS). Although much software is available in proprietary or system dependent form, public domain control software and algorithms are rare. This report describes concepts,

algorithms, and software used in BMCS components developed in the NBS building systems and controls laboratory. The concepts and

basic algorithms for time of day (scheduled start/stop) control and

duty cycling of electrical equipment in building heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems are presented. Time of day control

results in control events occurring at predetermined times of the day

on selected days of the week. Duty cycling is the periodic turning off and on of loads, usually electrical, to reduce energy consumption

under part heating and cooling load conditions. Considerations for use of duty cycling with other control strategies such as demand limiting, selection of duty cycling parameters, and dynamic adjustment of duty

cycling, are discussed. All algorithms presented were implemented in software on a specific BMCS, and the actual computer programs used

are presented as examples.

NBSIR 83-2720. Park, C. An optimum start/stop control algorithm for heating and cooling systems in buildings. 1983 June. 69 p. Available

from: NTIS; PB 83-242222. Key words: digital control systems; energy conservation; energy management and control systems; heating and cooling systems; optimum start/stop time; preheat time. When a building structure is occupied intermittently, energy

savings can be realized from the optimal start-up and shut-down of the heating or cooling system. This strategy, known as optimum

start/stop control, reduces energy consumption by delaying the start- up of the space conditioning system until the last moment and then

initiating shut-down as early as possible, while maintaining a preset

level of comfort during the period of building occupancy. Based on the bang-bang control theory, a simple optimum

start/stop control algorithm is developed for computerized control systems in buildings. The optimum start time is obtained by finding the intersection of cool-down and heat-up curves that are approximated by exponential fitting of the previous and current day's

data. Information is presented in this report on the input and output

variables, logic flow, and methodology employed in developing the

algorithm. A computer program listing of the optimum start/stop control algorithm written in FORTRAN 77 and sample input and

output data are included in the appendices.

NBSIR 83-2723. Harris, J. E. Performance of add-on type heat pump

water heaters using two different test methods. 1983 June. 30 p. AvaUable from: NTIS; PB 83-222703. Key words: appliances; energy; heat pump water heaters; testing;

test procedures; water heaters. Two different makes of add-on (without tank) heat pump water

heaters (HPWH) were tested. Each of the HPWH's was subjected to a series of recovery tests similar to the Department of Energy (DOE)

recovery test for conventional electric water heaters. The results of

the tests (recovery efficiency, standby loss, input power, storage tank

capacity and energy used) were used to compute an energy factor which could be used to calculate the estimated annual operating cost of such HPWH's. The energy factor was also determined by a series of simulated use tests consisting of four equal draws totaling 64.3 gallons of hot water per day. The average energy factor derived from

the recovery tests was about 13 percent higher than that derived from

the simulated use tests. Based upon the results of this limited test program it was recommended that a simulated use test be used to determine the energy factor for HPWH's without tank. NBSIR 83-2724. Hastings, S. R.; RuggU, R. Swiss research in building

heating conservation. 1983 July. 153 p. Available from: NTIS; PB

83-241034. Key words: energy conservation in buildings; European building

research; field measurement of building energy use; passive solar heating; Switzerland; test method development.

Swiss research on heating energy conservation in buildings is presented to encourage communication among researchers. A

background on Switzerland's climate, geography, construction

industry, and energy situation is included to provide a context for the subsequent review of a sample of research projects. Each project is described with a statement of research objectives, technical approach

taken, project status, brief findings, future work planned or recommended, and resulting publications. The sample of projects is

23
taken from the subjects of community scale solar concepts, mathematical simulation, instrumented test cabins, instrumented

buildings, and design tools and data bases. The final section discusses a structure for surveying research projects in a country in order to examine where efforts are now concentrated and what subjects are not addressed. Swiss research is examined using this structure and an

assessment is presented. NBSIR 83-2726. Treado, S.; Gillette, G.; Kusuda, T. Evaluation of tiie daylighting and energy performance of windows, skylights, and

clerestories. 1983 June. 26 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-240481. Key words: building energy analysis; clerestories; daylighting;

skylights; windows.

This paper examines the impact of several fenestration options on

building space heating, cooling, and lighting loads. The use of

skylights, windows, and clerestories is evaluated for a single floor commercial building, using the NBSLD-2 building energy analysis computer program, which possesses a fully integrated daylight model

(DALITE). The evaluation focuses on: a) the impact of daylighting on heating and cooling energy and equipment sizing, b) the potential reduction in electric lighting energy requirements through daylight

utilization, c) the relative daylighting/thermal performance of

skylights, clerestories, and windows, and d) the effect of building

orientation on fenestration optimization and selection. The NBSLD-2 computer procedure performs a dynamic simulation of hour-by-hour building thermal performance and energy

requirements for a one-year period. The thermal and daylighting

characteristics of each fenestration aperature are modeled to enable

evaluation of the trade-offs associated with the use of each

fenestration type. The results are correlated in the form of design

guidelines to enable the preliminary design decisions to be made

regarding fenestration location, type, configuration, and size. The

energy calculations are presented as functions of fenestration

characteristics, so that the potential energy advantages can be

estimated for different fenestration designs. NBSIR 83-2727. Wu, S. T.; Leyendecker, E. V. Lateral-torsional response of structures subjected to seismic waves. 1983 June. 30 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-239582. Key words: accidental eccentricity; building codes and standards; design eccentricity; dynamic eccentricity; parametric study; seismic waves; structural response. The behavior of coupled lateral-torsional systems subjected to seismic waves is investigated analytically. The report presents the numerical results of a parametric study for structures subjected to S-H

waves. Case studies are provided to show the contribution of each of

the selected parameters to the rotational response of the systems. These parameters are: geometric eccentricity, aspect-ratio of the foundation mat, damping ratio, and the ratio of the rotational to

translational frequencies. Dynamic eccentricity is selected as an index

to represent the level of the response. The sensitivity due to the deviation of the input spectrum is investigated. Accidental

eccentricities due to seismic waves are also evaluated. Design

concerns are given on how the design eccentricity should be

considered based on this study. NBSIR 83-2728. Treado, S. J. Automated control of lighting and

fenestration. 1983 July. 18 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-250423. Key words: automatic control; daylighting; lighting control; microprocessor; window management.

This paper describes an automatic system for controlling the

lighting and window shading in a commercial building. The system

utilizes a microcomputer to monitor solar radiation and illumination

levels and interior and exterior air temperatures, processing the input parameters to determine the optimum lighting level, window area, and solar film position to minimize building heating and cooling loads due to windows and lighting. The control methodology and logical flow are presented, along with a sample control program written in FORTRAN. The response of the system to various combinations of

weather conditions is examined. NBSIR 83-2746. Kao, J. Y. Strategies for energy conservation for a

large office building. 1983 July. 69 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83- 249722. Key words: building control strategies; building energy

conservation; building thermal performance; HVAC systems. A comparative analysis is made of the thermal performance of

selected HVAC systems and control strategies commonly employed

in large office buildings. The comparisons are made for six geographical locations representing wide climatic variations within

the continental United States. Hour-by-hour simulations with the BLAST computer program are used to obtain the yearly heating, cooling, and fan energy consumption of a twelve-story large office building. The HVAC

systems simulated are constant volume reheat, variable air volume,

dual-duct, and fan-coil systems. The control strategies tested are dry

bulb temperature economy cycles, enthalpy economy cycle, supply

air temperature resetting, and the combinations of these strategies. The results of these simulations are presented and discussed. Substantial energy consumption differences are shown to exist. NBSIR 83-2751. Carino, N. J., ed. Proceedings of the international workshop on the performance of offshore concrete structures in the Arctic environment. 1983 July. 72 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 84- 121904. Key words: arctic; concrete; construction; design; inspection; offshore structures; repair; research; structural engineering;

technology assessment; workshop.

A workshop was held March 1 and 2, 1983 at the U.S. National Bureau of Standards. The objective was to bring together an

international group of experts for the purpose of information exchange on the subject of the performance of Arctic offshore concrete structures. The workshop participants were divided into four working groups to discuss the following subjects related to Arctic offshore concrete structures: 1) design; 2) materials; 3) construction; and 4) inspection and repair. Each working group

addressed the following topics within their subject: past experiences, current projects, and recommended research areas. The chairmen of each group prepared reports summarizing their group's deliberations. These reports are incorporated into this workshop summary. NBSIR 83-2756. Mulroy, W. J.; Didion, D. A. A laboratory

investigation of refrigerant migration in a split unit air conditioner. 1983 August. 47 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-262873. Key words: central air conditioners; cyclic testing; heat pumps;

refrigerant migration.

The relationship between cyclic refrigerant migration and cyclic

loss for a residential, split-system air conditioner has been

investigated. The cyclic refrigerant migration was measured at different points in the operating cycle by simultaneously shutting five pneumatic valves which isolated the refrigerant in the major system

components. The refrigerant was then removed, weighed, and

returned to the system. The unit tested was found to have a high

initial capacity as migrated refrigerant was removed from the evaporator and then a low, slowly increasing capacity as trapped

refrigerant was returned to the system from the accumulator. The unit performance was also compared to single and double time constant

regressive approximations and to the time constant calculated from

the evaporator mass and heat transfer coefficient. Although

relationships between migrated refrigerant and cyclic capacity were

observed, no practical refrigerant migration test method that would

be less burdensome than the cyclic tests of ASHRAE Std. 116 appears possible at this time. NBSIR 83-2768. Grot, R. A.; Chang, Y. M.; Persily, A. K.; Fang, J. B. Interim report on NBS thermal integrity diagnostic tests on eight GSA Federal office buildings. 1983 September. 50 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 84-104249.

24
Key words: air infiltration; building diagnostics; building thermal

integrity; fan pressurization; field measurements; thermographic

inspections; tracer gas technique; U-value tests.

This report summarizes preliminary results of diagnostic tests to evaluate the thermal integrity of eight Federal Office buUdings

located throughout the country. The test results include tracer gas measurements of air infiltration rates, pressurization tests of the air tightness of the building shell, and inspections of the envelope

employing infrared thermography. In addition, the thermal U-values of exterior walls were measured with both heat flow meters and a portable calorimeter box. The data collected on these buildings are

still undergoing analysis and therefore are to be considered

preliminary.

NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA). Silberstein, S.; Grot, R. A.; Pruitt, D. O.; Engers, P.; Lane, P.; Schweinfurth, S. E. Air exchange rate measurements in the National Archives Building. 1983 September. 26

p. Available from: NTIS; PB 84-102110. Key words: air exchange rate; archives; building envelope

infiltration; pressurization; records storage; ventilation.

Air exchange measurements were carried out at the National Archives Building under various combinations of temperature and wind speed. The average air exchange rate under normal operation of

the heating, ventilating, the air-conditioning system (HVAC) was 0.9

h'' for an average temperature difference of 11.3°C and an average wind speed of 2.7 m/s. This rate is approximately twice those for new

General Services Administration (GSA) office buildings. No clear dependence of air exchange rate on temperature differences up to 17°C or wind speeds up to 5 m/s was found. With outdoor air dampers closed and fans operating, the average

air exchange rate was 1.2 h"' for an average temperature difference of

8.2°C and an average wind speed of 2.8 m/s. A test of interzone air movement showed that air migrates rapidly

from non-stack to stack areas with fans operating normally.

The building could not be pressurized beyond an indoor-outdoor

pressure difference of 14 Pa. At this pressure difference, the air exchange rate was 1.5 h"'. As in the case of normal operation of the HVAC system, this rate is also approximately twice those for new GSA office buildings. NBSIR 83-2780. Woodward, K.; Rankin, F. Behavior of concrete block masonry wails subjected to repeated cyclic displacements. 1983 October. 178 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 84-122092. Key words: cracking; cyclic; fatigue; masonry; shear; strain rate; walls. An experimental investigation into the behavior of unreinforced,

ungrouted concrete block masonry walls subjected to repeated in- plane cyclic displacements was undertaken. A total of 15 walls were

tested of which 10 were 64 inx64 in planar walls and 5 were 64 in higher comer walls having equal leg lengths of 48 in. The primary

parameter varied in the investigation was loading history. Monotonic

tests at both slow and rapid strain rates were done. The cyclic tests included fully reversed displacement patterns and reversed displacement patterns superimposed on static displacement offsets. The cyclic tests included at least 100,000 repetitions. The test results indicated a pronounced effect of loading history on the wall performance, but only at load/displacements nearing the load

capacity failure point. NBSIR 83-2784-1. Rubin, A. I. The automated offlce—An environment

for productive work, or an information factory?: A report on the

state-of-the-art. 1983 November. 207 p. Available from: NTIS; PB

84-122530. Key words: acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics;

lighting; office automation; office design criteria; quality-of-life; space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); work station.

This study is a report of research findings and recommendations

covering topics which influence automated office design. The subjects covered are: office design, office information systems, organizational

factors, ergonomics, technology and communications. Advances in technology, coupled with the explosive growth of office-based work

have resulted in the automation of many offices. To date, technology

has provided the major impetus for automation, with mixed results. Systems frequently do not meet the needs of the end-user because of

the lack of appropriate planning. Design issues are particularly

neglected during planning, resulting in problems with the visual, thermal, and acoustic environment in many offices. These effects are

particularly detrimental since many office automation, management,

and design experts agree that the quality of the environment is especially important in the electronic office—to offset the impersonality of many office tasks, and changes in work procedures

resulting in limited social interaction with colleagues. These issues are discussed as they relate to the development of design guidelines and

criteria for automated offices. The report contains an extensive bibliography, dealing with the topics cited above. GRANT/

CONTRACT

REPORTS

Grant/contract reports are prepared by non-NBS persons or

organizations working under a grant or contract from the National Bureau of Standards. The contract reports listed below may be

ordered, using the indicated order number, directly from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA 22161, in paper or microfiche form.

NBS-GCR-81-341. Sabatiuk, P. A. Statistical analysis of thermal performance predictions of passive solar heated residences. 1982

January. 88 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-151308. Key words: data base; energy; passive solar; solar contribution;

solar fraction; storage capacity.

In support of the development of thermal performance criteria for

residential passive solar buildings, a statistical and graphical analysis of design, climatic, and predicted performance data was performed

for houses in the HUD Passive Residential Design Competition and

the HUD Cycle 5 Residential Solar Demonstration Program. These

passive residences are located in all regions of the United States requiring space heating, and they represent a variety of passive solar systems types including direct gain, indirect gain, and solarium

(isolated gain) type systems. The results of these analyses are being used to develop proposed minimum acceptable levels of thermal performance for the residential passive performance criteria. A large data base was compiled for the houses in these two HUD

cycles, including parameters such as solar aperture area, January net

solar contribution, and auxiliary energy use. Through the use of DATAPLOT, a statistical analysis computer program, relationships between these data base parameters were explored and the mean

values and standard deviations of these parameters were calculated. The direct gain systems were found to perform slightly better than

the indirect and solarium systems and storage capacity was found to vary greatly for all three system types. It appears that the annual

depletable energy use of these houses will on the whole be less than

the proposed BEPS annual heating and cooling levels.

25
NBS-GCR-83-434. Schmitz, G. R.; Csizmadia, T. D. Office structures and enclosures: Directions in innovative technology. 1983 July. 71 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-250563. Key words: building enclosure systems; building structural systems; innovative building technologies; office building

enclosures; office building structures; structures.

Selected issues and innovative technological responses related to structures and enclosures of office buildings are presented. Innovations are based on a better use or improvement of existing technology, or a transfer of superior technology. Structural support system innovations are often concerned with economy, flexibility of

use and human safety and comfort in highrise and long-span

structures. Wind and seismic forces constitute major problems which

can be solved through innovative structural systems and/or their new

combinations, through mass reduction, structural damping devices, aerodynamic shapes, choice of materials and methods. Structural innovations are further related to specific elements such as roofs,

floors, bearing walls, columns, bracings, and foundations. Enclosure

system issues are concerned with the design, construction, maintenance and operation of the roof, the exterior wall and their components. New materials, products and design features are often used for the purposes of energy conservation and/or energy "gain." Solar access and systems (active and passive), water and air

infiltration, adaptability to user requirements and change, issues of

health and safety and visual aspects of the enclosure system are

discussed.

NBS-GCR-83-438. Johnson, W. B.; Lull, W. P.; Madson, C. A.; Turk,

A.; Westlin, K. L.; Woods, J. E.; Banks, P. N. Final report on

January 19-20, 1983 NBS workshop: Environmental control for archival record storage. 1983 July. 52 p. Available from: NTIS; PB

83-242230. Key words: air quality; archival storage; criteria; design

parameters; environmental conditions; environmental control; environmental conditioning systems. A summary of the January 19-20, 1983 National Bureau of Standards Workshop on Environmental Conditions for Archival Records Storage is presented that proposes criteria and addresses

control of environmental conditions in spaces used for storage of

paper-based archival records. The objectives of the Workshop were

to explore rationale for establishing levels of air quality for archival storage and to review equipment technology with regard to its capability to provide optimum environmental conditions for archival storage facilities. The proposed criteria gives levels of air quality for different categories of archival storage for the four environmental variables, temperature, relative humidity, gaseous contaminants, and particulate contaminants, that primarily effect paper-based archival records. Other design parameters are addressed and recommendations made

regarding factors to consider in the design of archival storage

facilities. The types of environmental conditioning equipment,

components, and systems for providing indoor air quality for preservation of paper-based archival records are reviewed and

discussed with regard to environmental variables. Methods of thermal and air quality control are discussed and recommendations made for performance evaluation of environmental conditioning systems. Monitoring and assessment procedures to evaluate performance of

environmental conditioning systems and components are addressed.

NBS-GCR-83-443. Brown & Root Development, Inc. State-of-the-art report of guyed tower platforms. 1983. 126 p. Available from: NTIS; PB 83-253005. Key words: compliant platforms; guyed towers; ocean

engineering; offshore platforms; structure dynamics.

This state-of-the-art report reviews general concepts, design

considerations, the modeling of dynamic and fatigue behavior, methods of analysis, and problems of fabrication and installation, pertaining to offshore guyed tower platforms. In addition, a list of

references is provided, complemented by a bibliography on dynamic

problems in platform design. PAPERS

PUBLISHED

INNON-NBS

MEDIA

I

Reprints from the journals listed in this section may often be

obtained from the authors. Each entry has been assigned a five-digit number for NBS identification and listing purposes.

21572. Simiu, E.; Filliben, J. J.; Shaver, J. R. Short-term records and

extreme wind speeds, /45C£ 108, No. STll, 2571-2576 (Nov. 1982). Key words: climatology; extreme values; short-term records;

statistics; structural engineering; wind forces. An empirical study was conducted to determine whether design

wind speeds can be estimated confidently from short records, i.e., records extending over periods of a few years. The study was based upon the analysis of records of daily, weekly, and monthly largest wind speeds taken at 36 United States weather stations over periods

ranging from three to 10 years and upon largest yearly wind speeds recorded at these stations over {leriods ranging from approximately 25-45 years. Investigations were presented into the type of probability

distributions that best fit sets of largest daily, weekly, and monthly

wind speeds and into the relationship between extreme winds

estimated from short records of largest daily and weekly wind speeds on the one hand, and from 25-year to 45-year records of largest yearly

wind speeds on the other hand. The main effort in the paper was

focused on the relationship between estimates of 50-year wind speeds based on three-year records of largest monthly speeds and on 25-year

to 45-year records of largest yearly speeds. It was found that 50-year speeds can be estimated confidently from 3-year records of the largest monthly speeds.

21581. EUingwood, B.; Galambos, T. V. Probability-based criteria for structural design. Struct. Safety 1, 15-26 (1982). Key words: buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reinforced concrete;

reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering.

Probability-based loading and resistance criteria are presented that are suitable for routine safety checking in design. The criteria are based on a comprehensive analysis of statistical data on structural loads and resistances and an examination of levels of reliability implied by the use of current design standards and specifications. The

criteria are intended to be used in specifications that are oriented towards limit states design.

21591. EUingwood, B.; Galambos, T. V.; MacGregor, J. G.; Cornell, C. A. A probability-based load criterion for structural design. Civ. Eng., pp. 74-76 (July 1981). Key words: buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states;

26
loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; structural engineering.

Recommended load factors and load combinations are presented

which are compatible with the loads recommended in the proposed

1980 version of American National Standards A58, Building Code

Requirements for Minimum Design Loads in Buildings and Other

Structures (ANSI A58. 1-1980 D). The load effects considered are due

to dead, occupancy live, snow, wind and earthquake loads. The load

factors were developed using concepts of probabilistic limit states design which incorporates state-of-the-art load and resistance models and available statistical information. The load factors are intended to apply to all types of structural materials used in building construction.

21617. Lew, H. S.; Carino, N. J.; Fattal, S. G. Cause of the condominium collapse in Cocoa Beach, Florida, Concr. Int. 4, No. 8, 64-73 (Aug. 1982). Key words: buildings; concrete construction; failure; flat concrete plates; punching shear; shear strength; strength analysis; structural analysis.

This paper gives the results of an investigation into the collapse of a

five-story, flat-plate condominium building in Cocoa Beach, Fla. The

collapse occurred on March 27, 1981, while the casting of the roof

slab was in progress. Eleven workers were killed and 23 were injured. The investigators conducted on-site inspections, made laboratory

tests, and made analytical studies. It was concluded that the most

probable cause of the collapse was inadequate punching shear capacity in the fifth-floor slab to resist the imposed construction loads. The analysis indicated that punching shear stresses at many

slab/column connections were close to the ultimate capacity specified

by the Code, (ACT 318-77). Consequently, it was concluded that a punching shear failure at a heavily stressed location triggered a succession of failures at other locations, resulting in the downward

collapse of the entire structure.

21618. Ellingwood, B. Safety checking formats for limit states design,

/. Struct. Div. Soc. Am. Civ. Eng. Tech. Note 108, No. ST7, 1481- 1493 (July 1982). Key words: buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete; limit

states; loads; masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber. The growing need for a unified approach to structural design for

different construction materials and technologies is met by the limit states design approach. Several standards-writing committees

currently are considering how best to implement practical limit states design criteria. This paper examines the relative advantages of several approaches proposed for this purpose, with regard to their ability to provide desired levels of reliability for all probable design situations. The choice of an appropriate approach is found to depend on

fundamental characteristics of structural behavior, and thus might not be the same for different construction materials.

21620. Carino, N. J. Application of maturity concept to form removal and reshoring schedule, Proc. Int. Conf. Forming Economical

Concrete Buildings, Lincolnshire (Chicago), IL, Nov. 8-10, 1982, pp.

8.1-8.19 (Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 1982). Key words: concrete; compressive strength; curing temperature; formwork; hydration; maturity; mortar; scheduling; temperature

effects. A brief account of the historical development of the maturity

concept is presented. This is followed by a derivation to illustrate the

basis of the maturity concept. It is shown that the commonly used

Saul-maturity function is, at best, an approximation of the combined

effects of temperature and time on strength development of concrete. However, the accuracy can be improved by using the correct value of

the datum temperature. Finally, examples are presented to illustrate the application of the maturity concept in construction practice.

21621. Ellingwood, B. Wind and snow load statistics for probabilistic design, / Struct. Div. Soc. Am. Civ. Eng Tech. Notes 107, No. ST7,

1345-1350 (July 1981). Key words: buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering.

Structural reliability analyses and probability-based limit states design require statistical descriptions of structural load and load effect variables. Frequently, data are only available for the basic variables

(e.g., wind speed, ground snow load, etc.) from which the loads are calculated through mathematical relationships. While early first-order, second-moment reliability analyses required only estimates of means

and variances in the basic variables, more recent methods utilize the

probability distributions also. In this note, suitable probability

distributions and statistical parameters for wind and snow loads are derived using recent statistical data. These distributions have been

used to develop a set of tentative load factors for possible use in a

future edition of the A58 Standard.

21622. Ellingwood, B. Analysis of reliability for masonry stnictwes,

Struct. Div. Soc. Am. Civ. Eng. Tech. Notes 107, No. ST5, 757-773 (May 1981). Key words: brick masonry; buildings (codes); concrete masonry;

design; limit states design; loads (forces); probability theory;

reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering.

Strength design and the use of loading criteria based on

probabilistic limit states design principles are relatively new concepts

in the masonry area. However, these procedures afford a number of advantages for design. Implementation of these concepts requires an

assessment of statistical data on masonry strength, the establishment of appropriate measures of reliability for design, and the development

of safety factors to be applied to material and load variables. Available strength data on brick and concrete masonry construction

are summarized and a few reliability calculations are made to show

how masonry compares with other engineered construction materials.

21623. Ellingwood, B. Reliability of wood structural elements, J. Struct. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. Tech. Notes 107, No. STl, 73-87 (Jan. 1981). Key words: buildings (codes); limit states design; probability

theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; timber construction.

Recent trends in development of standards for design have been toward the use of probabilistic limit states concepts. The development

of such criteria requires that a large amount of data be examined by

the appropriate standards writing organizations. This paper describes

basic statistical information that currently is available for developing

probability based limit states design criteria for timber structures. A

number of problem areas are discussed where additional study appears

necessary or desirable prior to implementing such criteria practice.

21624. Ellingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; Galambos, T. V.; Cornell, C. A. Probability based load criteria: Load factors and load combinations, / Struct. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. Tech. Notes 108, No.

ST5, 978-997 (May 1982). Key words: buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering.

This is the second of two papers that describe a study conducted to develop probability-based load factors and load combinations suitable for use with common construction materials and technologies. In the second phase of the study, described in this paper, the checking

equation format for the proposed load criteria was selected, and the load factors and load combinations were computed using a constrained optimization procedure. Comparisons of reliabilities obtained using the proposed procedure with existing criteria are

27
made. Guidance is provided for material specification-writing groups

to enable them to select compatible resistance criteria without further numerical computations.

21625. Carino, N. J. Maturity functions for concrete, Proc. Int. Conf. Concrete at Early Ages, Paris, France, Apr. 6-8, 1982, pp. 123-128 (Ecole Nationale Des Fonts et Chaussees, Paris, France, 1982). Key words: concrete; curing temperature; hydration; inplace

testing; maturity; mortar; strength.

This paper deals with the characteristics of a temperature-time

function to account for the combined effects of temperature and time on the strength development of concrete. Starting with a differential equation to describe the rate of strength gain under isothermal curing

conditions, it is shown that the product of age and the rate constant is the sought after function. Assuming a linear variation of the rate constant with temperature results in a temperature-time function

identical to the traditional Saul-maturity-function. By using the Arrhenius equation to represent the variation of rate constant with

temperature, a function, called "effective age," is proposed which

better describes the effects of temperature and time on strength

development for isothermal curing.

21627. EUingwood, B. R.; Reinhold, T. A. Reliability analysis of steel beam-columns, / Struct. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. Tech. Notes 106, No. ST12, 2560-2564 (Dec. 1980). Key words: beams; buildings (codes); columns; limit states design; probability theory; reliability; steels; structural engineering.

Probabilistic analyses of the safety of structural members frequently have reUed on a formulation of the ultimate limit state equation in which load carrying capacity (resistance) is measured by a single variable R, such as the fully plastic moment for a beam (1,3,5). Safety or reliability is defined by the condition where the effects of the applied loads do not exceed resistance R. However, there is a feeling that alternate formulations in terms of the basic variables that determine resistance, e.g., yield stress, section modulus, etc., may be more desirable in certain instances. This note compares measures of

reliability calculated from the i?-variable and basic variables formulations of the safety problem for hot-rolled steel beam-columns

subjected to dead and live loads and considers some of the

implications for reliability based design.

21629. Salomone, L. A. Improving geotechnical investigations for underground transmission lines, (Proc. Symp. Underground Cable Thermal Backfill, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Sept. 17-18, 1981), Chapter 3 in Underground Cable Thermal Backfill, pp. 57-71 (Pergamon Press Canada Ltd., Suite 104, 150 Consumers Rd., Willowdale, Ontario, Canada M2J1P9, 1982). Key words: design; soil mechanics; thermal conductivity; thermal

resistivity; transmission lines. An evaluation of the thermal properties of the soils that surround underground transmission lines is an important part of existing design

procedures for underground power cables. Geotechnical

investigations consisting of in-situ and laboratory thermal probe tests, soil sampling and determinations of moisture and density are

frequently performed to evaluate the thermal resistivity of soils encountered along proposed transmission line routes. These

investigations often are based on routine procedures adopted over the years but not necessarily reflecting all the information and techniques now available in the fields of agronomy and geotechnical engineering.

The paper demonstrates how information and techniques used by

agronomists and geotechnical engineers can be correlated and then used to improve our capability of predicting in-situ thermal soil properties. Also, suggestions for improving existing procedures for evaluating the thermal resistivity of soils are provided.

21635. Bartel, T. W.; Yaniv, S. L. Curvature of sound decays in partially reverberant rooms, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72, No. 6, 1838-1844 (Dec. 1982).

Key words: architectural acoustics; decay rate; ensemble

averaging; reverberant sound field; reverberation room; sound

absorption.

Measurements were conducted to investigate the departure from

linearity of sound decays in partially reverberant rooms—that is, rooms, such as are found in office buildings and residences, that are

less reverberant than laboratory reverberation chambers. The extent

to which the nonlinearities in the decay curves could be reduced by

means of an ensemble-averaging procedure was determined. Decay

curves for five partially reverberant rooms, ranging in size from 45 to 425 m^ were tape recorded and played back at reduced speed into a

real-time analyzer. Decay measurements were also performed in the NBS 425-m^ reverberation chamber. It was found that "smooth"

decay curves, displaying a curvature characterized by a monotonically decreasing decay rate, could be obtained provided that the ensemble averages included decays recorded at several source and

receiver locations. Thus, the rate of decay at any point in time for

partially reverberant rooms could be precisely and unambiguously

determined. The magnitude of the curvature was such that the percentage difference between the early decay rate and the decay rate averaged over a 25-dB range varied from approximately 2% to 40%,

with the greatest differences occurring in rooms containing an

absorptive ceiling and floor or an opening connecting them to other rooms.

21649. Galambos, T. V.; EUingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; Cornell, C. A. Probability based load criteria: Assessment of current design

practice, / Struct. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., Tech. Notes 108, No.

ST5, 959-976 (May 1982). Key words: buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards;

structural engineering.

This is the first of two papers that describe a study conducted to develop probability-based load factors and load combinations suitable for use with the loads specified in American National Standard A58

on design loads and with all common construction materials and

technologies. The first part of the study, described in this paper, involved the selection of a probabilistic methodology for performing

the necessary reliability analyses and the collection and examination of statistical data on structural resistance and loads. Levels of

reliability implied by the use of current design standards and

specifications for common design situations in which performance

generally is felt to be satisfactory were then estimated.

21669. Salomone, L. A.; Kovacs, W. D. The determination of thermal soU properties for energy transfer modeling of buildings, Proc Energy Conservation in Building Design, Construction and

Management Conf., Minneapolis, MN, Sept. 15-16, 1982, pp. 137-161 (Dept. of Conferences University of MN, 315 Pillsbury Drive, SE., Minneapolis, MN 55455, Sept. 1982). Key words: Atterberg limit tests; field tests; heat flow; laboratory

tests; soil moisture; soil tests; thermal conductivity; thermal

resistivity.

Field thermal probe tests were performed in the vicinity of test houses at the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) annex in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The test houses were constructed to validate the mathematical model being used to predict surrounding earth temperatures and floor heat loss of the test houses. Also, laboratory thermal probe tests were performed at the NBS geotechnical

laboratory on an AASHTO Material Reference (AMRL) soil. The

laboratory tests were performed to confirm the correlation between

soil thermal behavior with the limit states of fine-grained soil behavior and to identify an approach for predicting the thermal performance of

fine-grained soils. Using the approach and field thermal probe

measurements, the thermal behavior of the soils surrounding the test houses was assessed. The paper presents the factors that affect the thermal conductivity of soils that surround buildings and demonstrates the importance of

28
predicting in-situ soil thermal properties. The state-of-the-art field and

laboratory procedures used to evaluate the thermal conductivity of

fine-grained soils are presented. Results demonstrate the need for incorporating changes in thermal resistivity caused by changes in soil moisture in computer models of the thermal performance of buildings.

21692. Pommersheim, J. M.; Clifton, J. R.; Frohnsdorff, G. J. Mathematical modeling of tricalcium silicate hydration. II. Hydration sub-models and the effect of model parameters, Cent. Concr. Res. 12, 765-772 (1982). Key words: cement; hydration; mechanisms; models; particle size; tricalcium silicate; water-to-cement radio.

Further details are reported for a previously developed

mathematical model for the hydration of tricalcium silicate. The

model is based on conceptual models for the different stages of

hydration. Sub-models are given which consider the effects of the

particle size, thickness of the barrier layer, and diffusivities through

the hydrate layers. Model predictions were consistent with

experimental data.

21696. Ventre, F. T. Building in eclipse, architecture in seccession.

Prog. Archit. 63, No. 12, 58-61 (Dec. 1982). Key words: architectural design; building performance; building

research; building technology; capital investment; knowledge;

productivity.

Paper documents gradual shifts in the Nation's investment mix and more abrupt changes in market share among the professions providing

design and consulting services to the building industry. The article suggests reasons for these shifts and identified possible responses by

the design and consulting professions and, particularly, by the growing community of building researchers.

21701. Kao, J. Y.; Pierce, E. T. A study of sensor errors on building energy consumption, Proc. Seventh Energy Management and Controls

Society Conf., Salt Lake City, UT, Nov. 14-17, 1982, 9 pages (Energy

Management and Controls Society, 1925 North Lynn Street, Suite

1002, Arlington, VA 22209, 1982). Key words: building energy conservation; building energy

consumption; building temperature control; HVAC system

control; sensor error. A computer simulation was used to examine the effects of errors in the sensors of automatic controls for HVAC systems. The simulation examined two types of sensors, dry-bulb temperature and dew point temperature, used in air handling systems. Four sensor functions were

studied: outside air and return dry-bulb temperature sensor, outside air and return dew point sensor, mixed air temperature sensor, and

cooling coU discharge air sensor. Errors in these sensors may result from inferior quality, improper calibration, or drift. The BLAST

computer program was used to simulate errors in each of these sensor

functions for a hypothetical small office building located in Washington, D.C. This building was assumed to have a constant volume terminal reheat system with a chilled water cooling coil. The

computer calculations indicated that sensor errors could increase the annual energy requirements attributable to the air handling system by

as much as 30 to 50 percent. Errors in the mixed air temperature

sensor and the cooling coil sensor appear to be most critical for the type of HVAC studied.

21712. Simiu, E.; Batts, M. E. Wind-induced cladding loads in hurricane-prone regions, / Struct. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 109, No.

1, 262-266 (Jan. 1983). Key words: building (codes); climatology; hurricanes; statistical analysis; structural engineering; wind (meteorology); wind

direction. A brief review is presented of a procedure for estimating wind- induced pressures on cladding which is rigorous statistically and

convenient for practical application. The procedure, as originally proposed in Ref 5, takes into account the dependence of the extreme wind speeds upon direction, but is not applicable to the estimation of

cladding loads in hurricane-prone regions. An extension of that procedure for application to such regions is then presented. The

theory that makes this extension possible is explained, and a computer program for calculating cladding pressures induced by hurricane winds is described. Examples are given which show that procedures

which do not take into account the dependence of the extreme wind

speeds upon direction may result in gross over-estimates of cladding

pressures, and inevitably result in strongly nonuniform probabilities of

cladding failure for the various panels of a building facade.

21717. Frohnsdorff, G.; Disc, J. R.; Clifton, J. R. A reference sample program for fly ashes as a stimulus to technological progress, Proc. Workshop Res. Develop. Needs for Use of Fly Ash in Cement

Concrete, Subsec. 5.4, 5-14-5-21 (Electric Power Research Institute, 3412 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, Sept. 1982). Key words: blended cement; cement; data base; fly ash; reference sample.

The ultimate level of acceptance of fly ashes for use in concrete

will depend upon their performance in concrete and upon the

predictability of their performance. The desired level of knowledge

about fly ash performance and uniformity is not yet available because

of the scarcity of suitable data for the testing of hypotheses about

factors affecting performance and also uncertainty about the appropriateness and reliability of current standard tests of

performance. A practical way of simultaneously contributing to the data base for research and promoting assurance of fly ash quality

would be establishment of a fly ash reference sample program. The

potential benefits are: 1) improved quality of standard testing, 2) improved knowledge of differences between fly ashes, 3) establishment of a large data base for use by researchers and others, and 4) establishment of a source of well-characterized fly ashes for further research. An ASTM-sponsored reference sample program for blended cements, specifically portland-fly ash cements, was

established in 1979. The establishment of a similar reference sample program for fly ashes for use in concrete is recommended.

21727. Jenkins, D. R.; Knab, L. I.; Mathey, R. G. Laboratory studies of infrared thermography in roofing moisture detection. Am. Soc. Test Mater. Spec. Tech. Publ. 779, pp. 207-220 (1982). Key words: heat transmission; infrared detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; roofing; temperature

measuring instruments; thermal resistance; thermography.

A laboratory evaluation of infrared thermography for detecting moisture in roofing specimens is presented. This study was based on

laboratory controlled specimen preparation and testing conditions. For steady state heat flow, and in a few cases, transient heat flow, the

effects of moisture on the surface temperature of the roofing

specimens were determined by thermocouples and thermography.

Surface temperatures determined by infrared thermography were shown to correlate well with the thermocouple temperatures. Two

system performance parameters were assessed: threshold moisture

content and the slope of the instrument response versus moisture content curve.

21736. Knab, L, I.; Clifton, J. R. CumulatiTe damage of reinforced concrete subjected to repeated impact, Cem. Concr. Res. 12, 359-370

(1982). Key words: damage; fiber reinforced concrete; impact

penetration resistance; ultrasonic.

This study was performed to develop methods of measuring the cumulative damage of steel reinforced concrete slabs subjected to repeated impact. Cumulative damage was monitored by measuring the

crater depth and the reduction in ultrasonic pulse velocity across the impact region. Crater depth generally increased with increasing

29
number of impacts and therefore was determined to be a reasonable

indicator of cumulative damage. The percent reduction in velocity

generally increased with increasing number of impacts up to about 40

percent or more of the total number of impacts to failure. Beyond

that, interpretation of the ultrasonic results with respect to the failure mechanism appears necessary. The addition of steel fibers to the bar

grid reinforcement resulted in substantial increases (about 2 to 7 times or more) in the total number of impacts to failure as compared to specimens with only bar grid or expanded metal placed at the midpoint of the slab thickness.

21750. Collins, B. L.; Lemer, N. D. Assessment of fire-safety symbols, Hum. Factors 24, No. 1, 75-84 (Feb. 1982). Key words: fire-safety; internationally proposed symbols;

International Organization for Standardization (ISO); modes of symbol presentation.

Twenty-five internationally proposed symbols for fire-safety alerting were evaluated for understandability by 91 U.S. participants. Three modes of symbol presentation (slides, placards, and booklets) and two modes of participant response (definition and multiple

choice) were studied. Confidence ratings and production data (drawings) were also obtained. Mode of symbol presentation had no

significant effect, while definition and multiple-choice response procedures led to generally similar conclusions. Confidence ratings were useful in reconciling discrepancies between the two response methods. The understandability of the 25 symbols ranged from near zero to virtually complete comprehension. The poor performance of some critical symbols such as "exit" was noted, and some potentially dangerous confusions in meaning were revealed.

21777. Waksman, D.; Walton, W. D. Fire testing of solar collectors by

ASTM E 108, Fire Technol. 18, No. 2, 174-186 (May 1982). Key words: fire tests; roofing fire resistance; roofing fire tests; solar collectors. A study was undertaken to investigate the use of ASTM E 108 (NFPA 256, UL 790), Fire Tests of Roof Coverings, for testing roof- moimted solar energy collectors. Data are presented showing the

results of the testing conducted. An evaluation of the testing procedures as they apply to roof-mounted solar collectors is given.

21801. Raufaste, N. J. Safety research programs conducted at the Center for Building Technology, South. Build., pp. 7-8 (Apr.-May

1983). Key words: building technology; construction safety; guardrails; occupancy safety; slips; trenching.

This paper reviews safety research at the Center for Building

Technology, National Bureau of Standards. This research addresses

safety during construction and in use and provides a sound technical

basis for the codes and standards development process.

21805. Persily, A. K.; Grot, R. A. Air infiltration and building

tightness measurements in passive solar residences, Froc. Fifth Annu.

Conf. ASME Solar Energy Division, Orlando, FL, Apr. 18-21, 1983, pp. 116-121 (The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017, 1983). Key words: air infiltration; air tightness; building diagnostics; building tightness; passive solar buildings; pressurization; tracer

gas. The airtightness of about fifty passive solar homes located throughout the United States was studied using low cost measurement

techniques. TTiese homes are part of the Solar Energy Research

Institute Class B program to evaluate the thermal performance of

passive solar residential buildings. These tests provide the first set of

building tightness measurements on a large group of passive solar buildings. TTie measurements include pressurization tests to measure

airtightness and tracer gas measurements to determine air infiltration

rates. The pressure tests show a variation in the airtightness of these homes from 3 to 30 exchanges/hour at 50 Pascal, with a median of 9.5 exchanges/hour. The air infiltration measurements cover a wider

range from 0.05 to 3.0 exchanges/hour, with a median of 0.5 exchanges/hour. In comparing the tightness of these homes to other U.S. homes, one finds that these passive solar homes are not

significantly tighter than homes built with less of an emphasis on

energy use.

21807. Ellingwood, 6.; Redfield, R. Ground snow loads for structural

design, J. Struct. Eng., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng 109, No. 4, 950-964 (Apr.

1983). Key words: climatology; design (buildings); loads; probability theory; roofs; snow; statistical analysis; structural engineering.

Snow loads for structural design are calculated as the product of

the ground snow load and a snow load coefficient that transforms the ground load to a roof load. This paper presents a statistical analysis of

annual extreme water-equivalents (reported as inches of water) of ground snow measured at 76 weather stations in the northeast quadrant of the United States through the winter of 1979-1980. The

analysis suggests that the lognormal distribution is preferable to a Type I distribution of extreme values for describing annual extreme ground snow loads at a majority of sites. Sampling errors and the

selection of design loads from the statistical analysis are also described.

21827. Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; Ballard, D. B.; Sleater, G. A. Elevated temperature and humidity effects on urea-formaldehyde foam

insulations observed by scanning electron microscopy, (Proc. Conf. Thermal Insulation, Materials, and Systems for Energy

Conservation in the 80's, Clearwater Beach, FL, Dec. 8-11, 1981), Am. Soc. Test. Mater. Spec Tech. Publ. 789, pp. 665-687 (Mar. 1983). Key words: cellular structure; foam; humidity; insulation; scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage; temperature; urea- formaldehyde.

Exposure of urea-formaldehyde foam insulation to elevated temperature and relative humidities may result in its deterioration, as evidenced by shrinkage, mass loss, and under severe conditions, by

disintegration. This paper describes the results of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) study undertaken to determine the effect on the

cellular microstructure of urea-formaldehyde foam insulations from

exposure to elevated temperature and relative humidity conditions. Recommendations for a temperature-humidity exposure test for these

insulations are given. Four commercially-available foam samples, typical of those

installed in residences, were prepared in wooden boxes. The percent

linear shrinkage in the boxes was determined at various time intervals

after filling. Specimens of each foam sample (after drying) were

exposed to a variety of elevated temperature and humidity conditions. Changes in mass and volume of the specimens were periodically recorded during exposure. Three foam samples showed slight changes

in volume under all exposure conditions. One sample was more

susceptible to the exposures at the elevated conditions. SEM was used

to investigate changes in cellular structure upon exposure. Results

indicated that samples which underwent slight changes in volume

during exposure had cellular structures which were not apparently

altered. Conversely, SEM photomicrographs indicated cellular degradation in the sample which was affected by the elevated exposure conditions.

21832. Ellingwood, B.; Leyendecker, E. V.; Yao, J. T. P. Probability of failure from abnormal load, / Struct. Eng., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng.

109, No. 4, 875-890 (Apr. 1983). Key words: abnormal loads; buildings (codes); design; loads; probability theory; progressive collapse; reliability; structural engineering.

30
Abnormal loads, which usually are not considered in structural design because of their low probability of occurrence, may initiate a

catastrophic failure if they occur. A case study shows that the

probability of structural failure due to a gas explosion in a residential compartment may exceed probabilities associated with unfavorable combinations of ordinary design loads. Therefore, specific provision

in design standards to mitigate the effects of abnormal loads appear

warranted.

21837. Carino, N. J.; Lew, H. S.; Volz, C. K. Early age temperature

effects on concrete strength prediction by the maturity method, Am. Concr. Inst. 80, No. 2, 93-101 (Mar.-Apr. 1983). Key words: age-strength relation; compressive strength; concretes; curing; cylinders; temperature; tests. A comparison was made between the strength-maturity relations of concrete cylinders cured outdoors and cylinders cured in a

laboratory. It was found that when early age (assumed as 48 hr) temperatures of the outdoor-cured and laboratory-cured cylinders were similar, the strength-maturity relations were similar despite

temperature fluctuations experienced by the outdoor-cured specimens.

The relations were dissimilar when their early age temperatures

differed. Another series of tests further investigated and confirmed

the importance of early age temperature on the strength-maturity

relation.

21839. Simiu, E. Aerodynamic coefficients and risk-consistent design, /. Struct. Eng.. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 109, No. 5, 1278-1289 (May 1983). Key words: aerodynamics; climatology; extreme winds; loads; structural engineering; wind (meteorology).

A simple procedure is presented for estimating the reliability of

wind-sensitive structures whose orientation is not specified. The

procedure is based on a second moment reliability approach and makes use of: (1) Aerodynamic coefficients obtained experimentally as functions of wind direction, and (2) climatological data consisting of

sets of largest annual speeds associated with winds blowing from each

of the 8 (or 16) compass directions. An illustration of the procedure, based on sets of actual data, is presented. It is then shown that the

tools presented in the paper can be applied to develop, from

directional aerodynamic, and climatological data, nominal aerodynamic coefficients which in effect reduce wind loads with

respect to those inherent in current U.S. practice, in a manner that

reflects the directional dependence of both the aerodynamic behavior of structures and the extreme wind climate, while being consistent with respect to failure risk. These tools are first developed for the general case where the orientation of the structure is not known. It is then shown that criteria for risk-consistent design for buildings with

specified orientation can be derived immediately as a particular case from the criteria applying to structures whose orientation is unknown.

21851. Knab, L. I.; Blessing, G. V.; Clifton, J. R. Laboratory

evaluation of ultrasonics for crack detection in concrete, Am. Concr.

Inst. J., Tech. Pap. Title No. 80-3, pp. 17-27 (Jan.-Feb. 1983). Key words: amplitude; concretes; cracking (fracturing); evaluation; nondestructive tests; ultrasonic tests; velocity. A laboratory study was performed to quantify the capabilities of

ultrasonic through-transmission methods to detect cracks in concrete. Pulse velocity and amplitude measurements were taken perpendicular

to the crack plane (in cracked concrete) and compared with measurements parallel to the crack plane (in uncracked concrete). The

direct path length was 152 mm (6 in). Parallel crack surfaces, approximately 0.05 mm (0.002 in) apart and having depths of 19, 38, and 57 mm (0.75, 1.50, and 2.25 in) and widths of 152 mm (6 in), were

fabricated in the specimens. Transducer frequencies of 150 and 54 kHz were used. Concrete specimens with a 28 day compressive

strength of about 36 MPa (5.2 ksi) were tested at several ages. A sensitivity ratio was used to determine if the cracks could be

detected. The numerator of the sensitivity ratio was the difference between velocity or amplitude values in the cracked as compared to

uncracked concrete, while the denominator represented the variability of the velocity or amplitude values in both the cracked and uncracked

concrete. With the 57 and 38 mm (2.25 and 1.5 in) deep cracks, nearly

all the sensitivity values for velocity and amplitude indicated that these crack depths could be detected under the test conditions. The

velocity and amplitude sensitivity values with the 19 mm (0.75 in) crack depth were lower, indicating that the 19 mm (0.75 in) crack depth could not be clearly detected. In this study, it was concluded,

that both velocity and amplitude were meaningful parameters in crack

detection. Based on the sensitivity values, however, velocity appeared

to be the more meaningful parameter.

21853. Swaffield, J. A.; Bridge, S.; Galowin, L. S. Mathematical

modelling of time dependent wave attenuation and discrete solid body

transport in gravity driven partially filled pipe flows, Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Finite Elements in Water Resources, Hannover, Germany, June

21-25, 1982, 11 pages (Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New

York, 1982). Key words: drains; partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; solid transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow. The method of characteristics is applied to solve the unsteady

partially filled pipe flow equations applying to the flow in building

drainage systems. Wave attenuation, together with the propagation of

steep fronted waves and the transport of discrete solids, is modelled and comparisons drawn with experimental investigations undertaken with representative pipe size and flow loading values.

21857. Swaffield, J. A.; Bridge, S.; Galowin, L. S. Unsteady flow in long drainage systems. Build. Res. Pract. 11, No. 1, 48-59 (Jan.-Feb.

1983). Key words: drains; partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; solid transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow; wave attenuation. The effect of flow attenuation on drainage design is identified and is shown to be modelled by the partially filled unsteady pipe flow

equations. Numerical solutions to these equations are presented and

validated against laboratory testing at flow rates appropriate to

installed drainage systems. Application of the method to both steep fronted waves and solids moving through the pipe system are also presented.

21858. Mahajan, B. M.; Liu, S. T. Initial results from the NBS passive

solar test facility, Proc. ASME Solar Energy Division Fifth Annu.

Conf., Orlando, FL, Apr 18-20, 1983, pp. 109-115 (The American

Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York,

m' 10017, Apr. 1983). Key words: hybrid; passive; performance; solar; storage; thermal

test. The National Bureau of Standards (NBS), under the sponsorship of

the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE), has constructed a passive/hybrid solar test facility for the purpose of acquiring carefully measured performance data for various passive subsystems under

different experimental conditions. The test facility contains several types of generic passive solar features, such as a direct gain system, a collector/storage wall, and clerestory windows. Such carefully measured data are needed both for: (1) assessing the adequacy of performance monitoring procedures for passive heating and cooling

systems, and (2) validation of passive solar analysis/design tools. Performance data have been acquired from the initial testing of the

direct gain system under two different experimental conditions. This paper briefly describes the test facility, instrumentation, experimental conditions for the initial tests and planned experimental work. The paper contains representative results from the initial test data. The performance of the concrete floor as the thermal storage medium, the occurrence of overheating, and the thermal comfort

conditions within the cell are discussed.

21871. Galowin, L. S.; Winter, F. Upgrading old plumbing vent systems. Build. Res. Pract. 11, No. 1, 22-35 (Jan.-Feb. 1983).

31
Key words: modifications for plumbing; plumbing; rehabUitation; vents in plumbing.

Rehabilitation, modernization, or renovation of existing buildings, as a resource to be conserved or recycled and reused, frequently

imposes increased loads on the plumbing water supply and drainage

system. The requirement for venting in U.S. practice is intended to prevent trap seal loss from exceeding values prescribed in model

plumbing codes. The vent piping in older buildings may be marginal

for retrofit under current requirements with the same or increased numbers of fixtures and devices installed into the plumbing system. An experimental laboratory investigation of "circulation loop"

modification to the drain-waste-vent (DWV) system to relieve the marginal performance of existing installations is reported. The

experimental evaluations of the performance of the modified system and a conventional system were undertaken for a variety of wastewater load simulated conditions with various plumbing fixtures and multistory soil stack loads. The performance parameters

considered were evaluation of trap seal failures and siphonic action of

the water closets. Also, the dynamic responses to pressure excursions and air flow rate distributions in the branches were measured. Both

systems were tested to the limiting condition for single-stack performance over a range of air flow variations into the soil and vent

stack. The circulation loop system was found to level out a portion of the

soil stack pressure distributions to provide benefits in reducing trap

seal failures and reduced siphonic action failures of water closets. With vent valves open, both conventional and modified loop systems provided satisfactory venting. Acceptable performance with

installation of additional sanitary fixture waste loads was

demonstrated by the circulation loop. Additional research requirements were identified for sizing the circulation loop vent connection fitting, and further testing with small regulated air flows

into the vent stack to establish marginal performance limits.

21886. Reed, D. A.; Scanlan, R. H. Time series analysis of cooling tower wind loading, J. Struct. Eng. 109, No. 2, 538-554 (Feb. 1983). Key words: concrete structures; cooling towers; turbulence; wind • loads.

This paper considers full-scale wind velocity and wind pressure time series data collected on two cooling towers. ARIMA time series models are shown to describe these data adequately. The advantage

of using these models is that they provide a convenient method for loading simulation. Transfer function models in the time domain

relating input wind velocity to output wind pressure-difference at three circumferential tower locations are presented and discussed.

21897. Rossiter, W. J.; Mathey, R. G. A methodology for developing

tests to aid serrice-life prediction of single-ply roofing membranes,

Proc. NBS/NRCA 7th Conf. Roofing Technology, Gaithersburg, MD,

Apr. 14-15, 1983. pp. 4-11 (NRCA, 8600 Berwyn Mawr Ave., Chicago, IL 60631, 1983). Key words: durability prediction; membrane; methodology

roofing service life; service-life testing; single-ply membranes. The rapid growth in the use of single-ply roofing membranes has

created a need for performance standards which include requirements and tests for evaluating their service life. A methodology is described

for developing tests for aiding service-life prediction of single-ply membranes. The methodology is based on ASTM practice for developing short-term tests to aid in the prediction of the service life of building materials and components. The ASTM practice outlines a sequence of steps to be taken which are applicable to aid in predicting the service life of membrane materials. A summary of the ASTM

practice is given and examples of the application of many of its steps to single-ply roofing systems are presented. Service-life prediction

investigations are complex and have limitations. It is expected that the development of short-term tests according to the ASTM practice will lead to increased confidence in service-life predictions.

21907. Frohnsdorff, G.; Masters, L. W. The meaning of durability and

durability prediction, Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Durability Building

Materials Components, Ottawa, Canada, Aug. 21-23, 1978, pp. 17-30 (American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, 1980). Key words: accelerated tests; building components; building

materials; durability; durability prediction; recommended

practice; service life. The concept of durability is not well defined. The term durability is often used to imply the possession of qualities associated with longlife. In some standards for building components, it is nonquantitative and implies that design requirements are likely to be exceeded for the design service life or some other specified period. The new ASTM

Recommended Practice for Developing Short-Term Accelerated

Tests for Prediction of the Service Life of BuUding Components and

Materials (E 632-78), is outlined. The application of the recommended practice to service life prediction is illustrated by an example for work being planned on protective coatings for steel.

21944. Gross, J. G. Application of the performance concept to rehabilitation—Field application and evaluation. Final Report. Proc. 3d ASTM/CIB/RILEM Symp Perfiyrmance Concept in Building, Lisbon, Portugal, Mar. 29-Apr. 2, 1982, 2, Section III.2, 227-231 (Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil Avenido do Brasil, 1799 Lisboa Codex, Portugal, 1982). Key words: economic methods; evaluation guides; performance

concept; regulations; rehabilitation; research; research needs; test methods.

This paper summarizes the Session III.2 Application of the Performance Concept to Rehabilitation, "Field Apphcation and

Evaluation," of the 3rd ASTM/CIB/RILEM Symposium on the Performance Concept in Building, held in Lisbon, Portugal, March 29,

30, 31, and April 1 and 2, 1982. Provided is a session summary with

identified research and technical needs to facilitate the application of

the performance concept to rehabilitation of existing buildings.

21945. Gross, J. G. Application of the performance concept to rehabilitation—Field application and evaluation, Proc. 3d

ASTM/CIB/RILEM Symp. Performance Concept in Building, Lisbon, Portugal, Mar. 29-Apr. 2, 1982, 2, Section III.2, 205-218 (Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil Avenido do Brasil, 1799 Lisboa Codex, Portugal, 1982). Key words: building; evaluation; performance; rehab; research;

test methods.

This report presents the author's review of five papers presented to Section III, Application of the Performance Concept to Rehabilitation, Group III.2, Field Application and Evaluation, of the Third

International Symposium on the Performance Concept in Building,

sponsored by ASTM, CIB, and RILEM. Discussed is the need for and the importance of pre-rehabilitation evaluation for the success of any rehab project. Summarized is the need for evaluation research in the area of the physical sciences, engineering, economics, and user

needs.

22041. Carino, N. J.; Lew, H. S. Temperature effects on strength- maturity relations of mortar. Am. Concr Inst. J., Title No. 80-17, No. 3, 177-182 (May/June 1983). Key words: age-strength relation; compression tests; compressive

strength; concretes; cubes; curing; hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature. Two questions are addressed: 1) What are the quantitative effects of

curing temperature on the strength-maturity relations of concrete? 2) At what age will curing temperature no longer affect the strength- maturity relation? To answer the first question, mortar cubes were

cast and cured at five different temperatures from 5 to 43 C, and

compression tests were performed at seven maturity values. A three32
parameter equation was used to represent the strength-maturity

relations, while regression analysis was used to evaluate the

coefficients. It was found that the parameters in the strength-maturity function for each curing condition varied systematically with

temperature. To answer the second question, mortar cubes were cast and stored

at 5 and 32 C; they were then transferred to a 23 C environment for subsequent curing. Compression tests were performed at five maturity

values. Resulting data were analyzed to determine the age beyond

which initial curing temperature no longer affected the strength- maturity relation. Results indicate that an alternative to the traditional approach for computing maturity may exist which may better account

for combined effects of temperature and time on the strength

development of concrete.

22046. Rudder, F. F.; Weber, S. F. Minimum cost design for noise

insulation in building construction, Noise Control Eng. J. 20, No. 3, 104-121 (May/June 1983). Key words: architectural acoustics; constrained optimization; construction cost; cost minimization; noise insulation. A method is described for estimating the construction cost of

building components designed to achieve a specified level of noise

insulation. The method also determines the noise insulation value of each component of a multi-component wall such that the wall achieves a design level of noise insulation at the minimum

construction cost. Curves of minimum construction cost as a function of design noise insulation are easily generated using the method. All

calculations can be performed using a pocket calculator. The

adjustment of construction cost estimates to account for inflation and

geographic variation is discussed. Detailed examples illustrate the

application of the method to design problems.

22060. Kusuda, T. An approximate method for determining monthly

heat loss from earth-contact floors, Proc. Fourth Int. Symp. Use Computers Environmental Engineering Related to Buildings, Kenchiku Kaikan, Tokyo, Japan, Mar. 30-Apr. 2. 1983, pp. 110-118 (The Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning & Sanitary Engineers of

Japan, 1-8-1 Kitashinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 1983). Key words: Delsante calculation; earth temperature; monthly

floor heat loss; slab-on-grade floor.

Based on extensive earth temperature calculations using a Green's

function type solution of the heat conduction equation, a simplified procedure was developed to permit the evaluation of monthly heat

loss from the slab-on-grade floor. The results obtained by the method

developed herein were compared against those determined by

Delsante's more rigorous and analytical formula. Good agreements were obtained between the monthly floor heat loss determined by

these two methods, provided that the average earth temperature at 0.15 m below the floor surface is used for the heat transfer calculation and that the perimeter width of 0.15 m is used for the Delsante

calculations.

22062. Carino, N. J.; Woodward, K. A.; Leyendecker, E. V.; Fattal,

S. G. A review of the Skyline Plaza collapse, Concr. Int. 5, No. 7, 35- 42 (July 1983). Key words:: apartment buildings; collapse; compressive strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs; failure; form removal;

high-rise buildings; punching shear; reinforced concrete; shear

stress. On March 2, 1973, portions of the Skyline Plaza apartment

building, under construction in Fairfax County, Va., collapsed. The

failure resulted in the death of 14 workers; 34 others were injured. This article summarizes the results of the failure investigation carried out by the National Bureau of Standards. Based on structural analyses and estimates of concrete strength at the time of collapse, NBS investigators concluded that the probable cause was a punching

shear failure of the 23rd floor slab. The critical condition was

attributed to: (1) premature removal of shoring below the 23rd floor

slab at the time the 24th floor was being placed, and (2) the low

strength of that portion of the 23rd floor which was unshored.

22167. Ellingwood, B. Towards unitied probability-based design, Build. Res. Pract. 9, No. 2, 162-171 (Mar./Apr. 1983). Key words: buildings (codes); concrete (reinforced); design

(buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability

theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering.

Throughout the world there are moves to achieve a common basis for structural design applicable to concrete, steel, timber and

masonry, but the problems are considerable. They are exemplified in the USA, but recent advances there in applying probabilistic methods

have made the objective more feasible. The Center for Building

Technology of the U.S. National Bureau of Standards has an

important role in this unifying process, and an engineer at the Center

here discusses the progress achieved in that country and the problems

ahead.

22181. Yokel, F. Y.; Salomone, L. A.; Gray, R. E. Housing

construction in areas of mine subsidence. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. J. Geotech. Eng. Div. 108, No. GT9, 1133-1149 (Sept. 1982). Key words: foundation design; housing construction; mine

subsidence; mining settlement; structural design.

Many areas in the United States are underlain by abandoned mines and many more areas will be undermined in the future. As mine

cavities collapse they cause settlement and ground distortions on the

surface which may damage or destroy buildings and utilities. Many of

these subsidence-prone areas are presently used or will be used in the

future for residential housing development. Three problems associated with the development of mine subsidence areas are addressed: site exploration and evaluation; site development; and housing

construction in mine subsidence areas. This paper is derived from a study sponsored by the Department of Housing and Urban

Development.

22242. Rennex, B. G.; Jones, R. R.; Ober, D. G. Development of

calibrated transfer specimens of thick, low-density insulation, Proc. Seventeenth Int. Thermal Conductivity Conf., National Bureau of

Standards, Gaithersburg, MD, June 15-18, 1981. pp. 419426 (Plenum

Press, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, Jan. 1983). Key words: finite element models; guarded hot plate; low-density

thick insulation; standard reference material; thickness effect. The Thermal Insulation Group at the National Bureau of Standards

has been developing the techniques necessary to provide thick, lowdensity calibrated specimens to the thermal testing community.

Previous research has indicated the need to measure the apparent thermal conductivity or resistance at thicknesses up to 6 inches in order to account for apparatus systematic errors, and in order to understand better the "thickness effect" due to radiation heat transfer. In order to provide consistency among the heat-flow-meter and

guarded-hot-plate apparatuses in the United States, NBS has agreed to provide the above-mentioned samples, in addition to the high-density

specimens already provided.

The following conditions must be met to provide the calibrated specimens. First, the guarded-hot-plate apparatus must be large enough to approximate one-dimensional heat flow in the meter area. Then careful design and construction make possible the accurate determination of the experimental variables of plate-to-plate thickness, plate temperature, and heat flow. An error analysis must be

performed. Finally, the highly variable low-density insulation samples must be well characterized. The NBS efforts to meet these conditions

are the subject of this paper.

22276. Persily, A. Repeatability and accuracy of pressurization testing, Proc. Thermal Performance Exterior Envelopes Buildings II, Las

Vegas. NV. Dec. 6-9, 1982, pp. 380-390 (American Society of

Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791

33
Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329, 1983). Key words: air leakage; airtightness; blower; building diagnostics; doors; leakage testing; pressurization.

Pressurization testing is used to evaluate the airtightness of building

envelopes. To experimentally determine the repeatability of

pressurization test results, a home was pressure tested about eighty times in one year. The effect of weather conditions on the test results was studied, along with changes in the results over time. For local wind speeds less than 5.5 mph (2.5 m/s), the 0.2 in HjO (50 Pa) leakage rate has a standard deviation of about 2% of the mean over

short time periods. For stronger winds, errors as large as 15%

compared to the calm weather test results occurred. A seasonal

variation in the leakiness of the house, on the order of 25%, was also found. This variation is due to changes in the moisture content of the building materials caused by yearly variation in the moisture content of the outside air.

22279. McCabe, M. E.; Lecourte, J.; Robinson, S. Calorimetric test

facility for field measuring thermal performance of passive/hybrid

solar components, Proc. Thermal Performance Exterior Envelopes of

Building II. Las Vegas, NV, Dec. 6-9, 1982, pp. 673-686 (American

Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers,

1791 Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329, 1983). Key words: calorimeter; energy storage; heat transfer; passive

solar component; solar energy; test procedure.

Studies of the thermal performance of passive solar buildings have

indicated a need for precise field measurement of solar heat gain and

thermal heat loss or gain for modular passive/hybrid solar components. A description of the conceptual design and the major

assemblies and subsystems for a new calorimetric test facility is presented in this paper. The facility is designed for field testing of

passive solar components at the National Bureau of Standards in Gaithersburg, MD. It is anticipated that the test facility will provide a

substantial improvement in the field measuring techniques for passive and hybrid solar components over the test cells currently in use and

thereby provide a firm technical basis from which laboratory test procedures can be evaluated. Computer studies of the thermal performance of the metering

chamber assembly made with a 65-node finite-difference thermal model are described. The model was used to compute the heat balance for the solar absorber panel and the air-conditioning units, located in the metering chamber. Design days in both sunmier and

winter were studied for a worst-case test article, which consisted of a

single sheet of window glass. A description of the passive/hybrid

solar components proposed for testing in the calorimeter during the winter season of 1982-1983 is also provided.

34
AUTHOR INDEX
A

Agbabian, M. S.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-130-VII-142. Agbabian, M. S.; SP658; 1983 July. VIM lO-VII-129. Anderson, E. D.; Chung, R. M.; Yokel, F. Y.; SP651; 1983 April. 150-171. Anderson, W. A.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-113-VIII.120. Anderson, W. A.; Gaus, M. P.; Hakala, W.; Krimgold, F.; Liu, S. C;

Scalzi, J. B.; Thiel, C. C; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27. Arakawa, T.; Kawashima, K.; Okubo, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 95-123. Arakawa, T.; Tokida, K. I.; Kimata, T.; Iwasaki, T.; SP651; 1983

April. 172-192. Ariman, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 259-271. Asama, T.; Shioi, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. III-l 19-III-132. Asanuma, H.; Fukui, J.; Yamamoto, Y.; Narita, N.; SP651; 1983

April. 600-616. Asanuma, H.; Nakajima, T.; Yasue, T.; Iwasaki, T.; Sasaki, Y.; SP651;

1983 April. 325-342. B

Ballard, D. B.; Sleater, G. A.; Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; 21827. Bampton, M. C. C; SP651; 1983 April. 20-33. Bampton, M. C. C; Bosch, H.; Cheng, D. H.; Scheffey, C. F.; SP658\

1983 July. IV-l-IV-19.

Banks, P. N.; Johnson, W. B.; Lull, W. P.; Madson, C. A.; Turk, A.; Westlin, K. L.; Woods, J. E.; NBS-GCR-83-438

Banno, N.; Takahashi, K.; Naito, K.; Tabata, I.; SP658; 1983 July.

1-3 1-1-45. Bamett, J.; Kusuda, T.; Treado, S.; TNI174. Bamett, J. P.; NBSIR 81-2456.

Barrientos, C. S.; SP651; 1983 April. 538-540. Barrientos, C. S.; Chen, J.; Jelesnianski, C. P.; SP658; 1983 July. IX25-IX-28.

Barrientos, C. S.; Hess, K. W.; SP658; 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24.

Bartel, T. W.; Yaniv, S. L.; 21635.

Batts, M. E.; Simiu, E.; 21712. Bean, J. W.; Kusuda, T.; Piet, O.; BSS156.

Beavers, L.; SP457-7

Becker, J. M.; Llorente, C; Mueller, P.; SP658; 1983 July. III-41-III64. Bernard, E.; SP651; 1983 April. 416-425.

Blessing, G. V.; Clifton, J. R.; Knab, L. I.; 21851. Boore, D. M.; Joyner, W. B.; SP651; 1983 April. 53-74. Borcherdt, R. D.; Rojahn, C; SP651; 1983 April. 617-654. Bosch, H.; Cheng, D. H.; Scheffey, C. F.; Bampton, M. C. C; SP658;

1983 July. IV-l-IV-19. Brady, A. G.; SP651; 1983 April. 81-94. Bridge, S.; Galowin, L. S.; Swaffield, J. A.; 21853. Bridge, S.; Galowin, L. S.; Swaffield, J. A.; 21857

Burch, D. M.; Silberstein, S.; Grot, R. A.; NBSIR 82-2605. c

Carino, N. J.; NBSIR 83-2751. Carino, N. J.; 21625. Carino, N. J.; 21620. Carino, N. J.; Fattal, S. G.; Lew, H. S.; 21617

Carino, N. J.; Lew, H. S.; 22041. Carino, N. J.; Lew, H. S.; Volz, C. K.; 21837

Carino, N. J.; Woodward, K. A.; Leyendecker, E. V.; Fattal, S. G.; 22062. Changery, M. J.; Simiu, E.; FUliben, J. J.; SP658; 1983 July. I-16-I-30. Chang, Y. M.; Grot, R. A.; NBSIR 83-2676 Chang, Y. M.; Persily, A. K.; Fang, J. B.; Grot, R. A.; NBSIR 83- 2768. Chang, Y. M. L.; Grot, R. A.; NBSIR 82-2510. Cheng, D. H.; Scheffey, C. F.; Bampton, M. C. C; Bosch, H.; SP658;

1983 July. IV-l-IV-19. Chen, J.; Jelesnianski, C. P.; Barrientos, C. S.; SP658; 1983 July. IX25-IX-28.

Chi, J.; Didion, D.; NBSIR 83-2638.

Chi, J.; Kao, J. Y.; Sushinsky, G.; Didion, D. A.; Mastascusa, E. J.; BSS150. Chung, R. M.; Lew, H. S.; Kovacs, W. D.; SP651. Chung, R. M.; Yokel, F. Y.; NBSIR 82-2568 Chung, R. M.; Yokel, F. Y.; Anderson, E. D.; SP651; 1983 April.

150-171.

Clifton, J. R.; Cullen, W. C; Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; Mathey, R. G.; SP659.

Clifton, J. R.; Frohnsdorff, G.; Dise, J. R.; 21717

Clifton, J. R.; Frohnsdorff, G. J.; Pommersheim, J. M.; 21692.

Clifton, J. R.; Knab, L, I.; 21736

Clifton, J. R.; Knab, L. I.; Blessing, G. V.; 21851.

Collins, B. L.; Glass, R. A.; Howett, G. L.; Lister, K.; NBSIR 83-

2694.

Collins, B. L.; Lemer, N. D.; NBSIR 83-2675.

Collins, B. L.; Lemer, N. D.; 21750.

Collins, B. L.; Lemer, N. D.; Pierman, B. C; NBSIR 82-2485. Cooper, J. D.; Scheffey, C. F.; Sharpe, R. L.; Mayes, R. L.; SP658;

1983 July. V-l-V-5.

Corley, W. G.; Morgan, B. J.; Hiraishi, H.; SP651; 1983 April. 476-

488. Cornell, C. A.; Ellingwood, B.; Galambos, T. V.; MacGregor, J. G.; 21591. Comell, C. A.; Ellingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; Galambos, T. V.; 21624

Comell, C. A.; Galambos, T. V.; Ellingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; 21649

Costes, N. C; Scalzi, J. B.; McDonough, G. F., Jr.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-l-VIII-22. Csizmadia, T. D.; Schmitz, G. R.; NBS-GCR-83-434

Cullen, W. C; Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; Mathey, R. G.; Clifton, J. R.; SP659

Curro, J. R., Jr.; Marcuson III, W. F.; SP658; 1983 July. III-87-III118. D

Didion, D.; Chi, J.; NBSIR 83-2638

Didion, D.; Domanski, P.; BSS155.

Didion, D. A.; Mastascusa, E. J.; Chi, J.; Kao, J. Y.; Sushinsky, G.; BSS150.

Didion, D. A.; Mulroy, W. J.; NBSIR 83-2756

Dise, J. R.; Clifton, J. R.; Frohnsdorff, G.; 21717

Domanski, P.; Didion, D.; BSS155.E

Ellingwood, B.; 21623. Ellingwood, B.; 21618

Ellingwood, B.; 21621. Ellingwood, B.; 21622. Ellingwood, B.; 22167

Ellingwood, B.; Galambos, T. V.; 21581. Ellingwood, B.; Galambos, T. V.; MacGregor, J. G.; Comell, C. A.; 21591. Ellingwood, B.; Leyendecker, E. V.; Yao, J. T. P.; 21832. Ellingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; Comell, C. A.; Galambos, T. V.; 21649

Ellingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; Galambos, T. V.; Comell, C. A.; 21624

Ellingwood, B.; Redfield, R.; 27507. Ellingwood, B. R.; Reinhold, T. A.; 21627

Engers, P.; Lane, P.; Schweinfurth, S. E.; Silberstein, S.; Grot, R. A.; Pmitt, D. O.; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA). F

Fagundo, F.; White, R. N.; Gergely, P.; SP658- 1983 July. III-23-III28. Fang, J. B.; Grot, R. A.; Chang, Y. M.; Persily, A. K.; NBSIR 83- 2768

Fattal, S. G.; BSS146

36
Fattal, S. G.; Carino, N. J.; Woodward, K. A.; Leyendecker, E. V.; 22062.

Fattal, S. G.; Lew, H. S.; Carino, N. J.; 21617.

FUliben, J. J.; Changery, M. J.; Simiu, E.; SP658; 1983 July. I-16-I-30.

Filliben, J. J.; Shaver, J. R.; Simiu, E.; 21572. Fleming, J. F.; SP651; 1983 April. 343-360. Flynn, D. R.; Yaniv, S. L.; TN1113-3.

Flynn, D. R.; Yaniv, S. L.; NBSIR 82-2610. Franklin, A. G.; Hynes-Griffin, M. E.; SP651; 1983 April. 218-241. Frohnsdorff, G.; Disc, J. R.; Clifton, J. R.; 21717

Frohnsdorff, G.; Masters, L. W.; 21907. Frohnsdorff, G. J.; Pommersheim, J. M.; Clifton, J. R.; 21692. Fujinawa, Y.; Takahashi, H.; SP658; 1983 July. IX-l-IX-7. Fujiwhara, S.; Tatehira, R.; Tabe, I.; Ohtsuka, K.; Uchida, E.; SP658;

1983 July. I-1-I-15. Fukui, J.; Yamamoto, Y.; Narita, N.; Asanuma, H.; SP6S1; 1983

April. 600-616. Fukuta, T.; Kaminosono, T.; Watabe, M.; Yamanouchi, H.; Midorikawa, M.; SP651; 1983 April. 489-506.

Fuller, G. R.; SP658; 1983 July. III-1-III-22. G

Galambos, T. V.; Cornell, C. A.; EUingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; 21624. Galambos, T. V.; EUingwood, B.; 21581. Galambos, T. V.; EUingwood, B.; MacGregor, J. G.; Cornell, C. A.; 21649. Galambos, T. V.; MacGregor, J. G.; Cornell, C. A.; EUingwood, B.; 21591. Galowin, L.; Kopetka, P.; NBSIR 82-2630. Galowin, L.; Wmter, F.; NBSIR 82-2602. Galowin, L. S.; Swaffield, J. A.; Bridge, S.; 21853. Galowin, L. S.; Swaffield, J. A.; Bridge, S.; 21857

Galowin, L. S.; Winter, F.; 21871. Gaus, M. P.; Hakala, W.; Krimgold, F.; Liu, S. C; Scalzi, J. B.; Thiel, C. C; Anderson, W. A.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27. Gergely, P.; Fagundo, F.; White, R. N.; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III28. Gergely, P.; White, R. N.; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8.

GUlette, G.; BSS152.

GUlette, G.; Kusuda, T.; Treado, S.; NBSIR 83-2726.

Glass, R. A.; Howett, G. L.; Lister, K.; Collins, B. L.; NBSIR 83-

2694. Goda, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. IX-29-IX-37. Goda, Y.; Hashimoto, H.; SP651; 1983 April. 655-668. Gray, R. E.; Yokel, F. Y.; Salomone, L. A.; 22181. Gross, J. G.; 21945. Gross, J. G.; 21944. Grot, R. A.; Burch, D. M.; Silberstein, S.; NBSIR 82-2605. Grot, R. A.; Chang, Y. M.; NBSIR 83-2676

Grot, R. A.; Chang, Y. M.; Persily, A. K.; Fang, J. B.; NBSIR 83- 2768

Grot, R. A.; Chang, Y. M. L.; NBSIR 82-2510. Grot, R. A.; Persily, A. K.; 21805

Grot, R. A.; Pruitt, D. O.; Engers, P.; Lane, P.; Schweinfurth, S. E.; SUberstein, S.; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA). H

Hadate, T.; Hagiwara, R.; Nakazawa, K.; Kuribayashi, E.; Tazaki, T.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-112. Hagiwara, R.; Kuribayashi, E.; Iwasaki, T.; SP65r, 1983 April. 272-

324. Hagiwara, R.; Nakazawa, K.; Kuribayashi, E.; Tazaki, T.; Hadate, T.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-112. Hakala, W.; Krimgold, F.; Liu, S. C; Scalzi, J. B.; Thiel, C. C;

Anderson, W. A.; Gaus, M. P.; SP658; 1983 July. Vin-23-VIII-27.

Harris, J. E.; NBSIR 83-2723.

Harris, J. R.; Leyendecker, E. V.; NBSIR 82-2589.

Harris, J. R.; Wright, R. N.; Pfrang, E. O.; Leyendecker, E. V.; SP658; 1983 July. 15-21.

Haruyama, H.; Kobayashi, M.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-Vn-35. Hashimoto, H.; Goda, Y.; SP651; 1983 April. 655-668. Hashimoto, H.; Uda, T.; SP658; 1983 July. IX-8-IX-18.

Hastings, S. R.; Ruggli, R.; NBSIR 83-2724.

Hattori, S.; SP658; 1983 July. X-l-X-16.

Hebenstreit, G. T.; Krumpe, P. F.; SP651\ 1983 April. 507-521. Hess, K. W.; Barrientos, C. S.; SP658; 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24.

Hiraishi, H.; Corley, W. G.; Morgan, B. J.; SP651; 1983 April. 476-

488. Hirosawa, M.; Oh-oka, H.; Itoh, K.; Sugimura, Y.; SP658\ 1983 July. ni-133-ni-162. Howett, G. L.; TNim.

Howett, G. L.; Lister, K.; Collins, B. L.; Glass, R. A.; NBSIR 83- 2694

Hurley, C. W.; Hyland, R. W.; 555757.

Hyland, R. W.; Huriey, C. W.; 555/57.

Hynes-Griffin, M. E.; Franklin, A. G.; SP651; 1983 April. 218-241.

I

lida, R.; Matsumoto, N.; Kondo, S.; SP658; 1983 July. VI-9-VI43.

Ishiyama, Y.; Kubo, T.; Ohashi, Y.; Watabe, M.; Matsushima, Y.; SP658\ 1983 July. Vn-l-VII-21.

Ishiyama, Y.; Murota, T.; SP658; 1983 July. Vn-143-Vn-156.

Ishiyama, Y.; Yamazaki, Y.; Kamimura, K.; Watabe, M.; SP651; 1983

April. 522-531.

Itoh, K.; Sugimura, Y.; Hirosawa, M.; Oh-oka, H.; SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162. Iwasaki, T.; Arakawa, T.; Tokida, K. I.; Kimata, T.; SP651\ 1983

April. 172-192. Iwasaki, T.; Hagiwara, R.; Kuribayashi, E.; SP651; 1983 April. 272-

324. Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K.; Ohashi, M.; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III86. Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K.; Tokida, K.; Okubo, T.; Ohashi, M.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61.

Iwasaki, T.; Nakajima, T.; Kuribayashi, E.; SP651; 1983 April. 565-

586. Iwasaki, T.; Sasaki, Y.; Asanuma, H.; Nakajima, T.; Yasue, T.; SP651;

1983 April. 325-342.

J

Jelesnianski, C. P.; Barrientos, C. S.; Chen, J.; SP658\ 1983 July. IX25-IX-28.

Jenkins, D. R.; Knab, L. I.; Mathey, R. G.; 21727

Johnson, W. B.; Lull, W. P.; Madson, C. A.; Turk, A.; Westlin, K. L.; Woods, J. E.; Banks, P. N.; NBS-GCR-83-438

Jones, R. R.; Ober, D. G.; Rennex, B. G.; 22242. Joyner, W. B.; Boore, D. M.; SP651; 1983 April. 53-74. K

Kamimura, K.; Watabe, M.; Ishiyama, Y.; Yamazaki, Y.; SP65}; 1983

April. 522-531. Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura,

M.; SP651; 1983 April. 457-475. Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura,

M.; SP651; 1983 April. 440456. Kaminosono, T.; Watabe, M.; Yamanouchi, H.; Midorikawa, M.; Fukuta, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 489-506. Kanai, M.; Ohshio, T.; Narita, N.; Saeki, S.; 5^657; 1983 April. 361-

401. Kao, J. Y.; NBSIR 83-2746 Kao, J. Y.; Kelly, G. E.; Parken, W. H.; NBSIR 82-2489. Kao, J. Y.; Pierce, E. T.; 27707. Kao, J. Y.; Sushinsky, G.; Didion, D. A.; Mastascusa, E. J.; Chi, J.; 555750. Kawashima, K.; Ohashi, M.; Iwasaki, T.; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III86. Kawashima, K.; Okubo, T.; Arakawa, T.; 57'557; 1983 April. 95-123.

r Kawashima, K.; Tokida, K.; Okubo, T.; Ohashi, M.; Iwasaki, T.;

37
SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61.

Kelly, G. E.; Parken, W. H.; Kao, J. Y.; NBSIR 82-2489. Kimata, T.; Iwasaki, T.; Arakawa, T.; Tokida, K. I.; SP651; 1983

April. 172-192. Kitagawa, Y.; Nakano, K.; SP658; 1983 July. II-45-II-64. Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto, S.; Nakata,

S.; SP651; 1983 April. 457-475. Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto, S.; Nakata,

S.; SP651; 1983 April. 440-456. Kiyomiya, O.; Noda, S.; Tsuchida, H.; Minami, K. I.; SP651; 1983

April. 242-258. Klein, S. A.; NBSIR 82-2606. Knab, L. I.; Blessing, G. V.; Clifton, J. R.; 21851. Knab, L, I.; Clifton, J. R.; 21736. Knab, L. I.; Mathey, R. G.; Jenkins, D. R.; 21727. Kobayashi, M.; Haruyama, H.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-VII-35. Koga, Y.; Sasaki, Y.; SP651; 1983 April. 541-555. Koga, Y.; Taniguchi, E.; Yamamura, K.; Sasaki, Y.; SP6S8\ 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78. Kondo, S.; lida, R.; Matsumoto, N.; SP658; 1983 July. VI-9-VI43.

Kopetka, P.; Galowin, L.; NBSIR 82-2630. Kovacs, W. D.; Chung, R. M.; Lew, H. S.; SP651. Kovacs, W. D.; Salomone, L. A.; 21669. Krimgold, F.; Liu, S. C; Scalzi, J. B.; Thiel, C. C; Anderson, W. A.; Gaus, M. P.; Hakala, W.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27. Krumpe, P. F.; Hebenstreit, G. T.; SP651; 1983 April. 507-521. Kubo, T.; Ohashi, Y.; Watabe, M.; Matsushima, Y.; Ishiyama, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. VII.l-VII-21. Kubo, T.; Watabe, M.; SP658; 1983 July. II-13-II-23. Kuribayashi, E.; Iwasaki, T.; Hagiwara, R.; SP651; 1983 April. 272-

324. Kuribayashi, E.; Iwasaki, T.; Nakajima, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 565-

586. Kuribayashi, E.; Tazaki, T.; Hadate, T.; Hagiwara, R.; Nakazawa, K.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII.1 12. Kusuda, T.; 22060. Kusuda, T.; Piet, O.; Bean, J. W.; BSS156

Kusuda, T.; Treado, S.; Bamett, J.; TNI174. Kusuda, T.; Treado, S.; Gillette, G.; NBSIR 83-2726 L

Lander, J. F.; SP651; 1983 April. 426-432. Lane, P.; Schweinfurth, S. E.; Silberstein, S.; Grot, R. A.; Pruitt, D.

O.; Engers, P.; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

Lecourte, J.; Robinson, S.; McCabe, M. E.; 22279. Leigh, S. D.; Simiu, E.; BSS151. Lemer, N. D.; Collins, B. L.; NBSIR 83-2675. Lemer, N. D.; Collins, B. L.; 21750

Lemer, N. D.; Pierman, B. C; Collins, B. L.; NBSIR 82-2485. Lew, H. S.; SP658

Lew, H. S.; Carino, N. J.; 22041. Lew, H. S.; Carino, N. J.; Fattal, S. G.; 21617 Lew, H. S.; Kovacs, W. D.; Chung, R. M.; SP651. Lew, H. S.; Volz, C. K.; Carino, N. J.; 21837

Leyendecker, E. V.; NBSIR 82-2626

Leyendecker, E. V.; Fattal, S. G.; Carino, N. J.; Woodward, K. A.; 22062. Leyendecker, E. V.; Harris, J. R.; NBSIR 82-2589 Leyendecker, E. V.; Harris, J. R.; Wright, R. N.; Pfrang, E. O.; SP658; 1983 July. 15-21. Leyendecker, E. V.; Wu, S. T.; NBSIR 83-2727. Leyendecker, E. V.; Yao, J. T. P.; Ellingwood, B.; 21832

Lister, K.; Collins, B. L.; Glass, R. A.; Howett, G. L.; NBSIR 83- 2694.

Liu, S. C; Scalzi, J. B.; Thiel, C. C; Anderson, W. A.; Gaus, M. P.; Hakala, W.; Krimgold, F.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27.

Liu, S. T.; NBSIR 82-2621 (DoE).

Liu, S. T.; Mahajan, B. M.; 21858. Llorente, C; Mueller, P.; Becker, J. M.; SP658; 1983 July. III-41-III64. Lull, W. P.; Madson, C. A.; Turk, A.; Westlin, K. L.; Woods, J. E.;

Banks, P. N.; Johnson, W. B.; NBS-GCR-83-438. M

MacGregor, J. G.; Cornell, C. A.; Ellingwood, B.; Galambos, T. V.; 21591. MacGregor, J. G.; Cornell, C. A.; Galambos, T. V.; Ellingwood, B.; 21649. MacGregor, J. G.; Galambos, T. V.; Cornell, C. A.; Ellingwood, B.; 21624

Madson, C. A.; Turk, A.; Westlin, K. L.; Woods, J. E.; Banks, P. N.; Johnson, W. B.; Lull, W. P.; NBS-GCR-83-438

Mahajan, B. M.; / Res. 88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August.

Mahajan, B. M.; Liu, S. T.; 21858. Marcuson III, W. F.; Curro, J. R., Jr.; SP658; 1983 July. III-87-III118. Mastascusa, E. J.; Chi, J.; Kao, J. Y.; Sushinsky, G.; Didion, D. A.; BSS15a

Masters, L. W.; Frohnsdorff, G.; 21907

Mathey, R. G.; Clifton, J. R.; Cullen, W. C; Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; SP659

Mathey, R. G.; Jenkins, D. R.; Knab, L. I.; 21727. Mathey, R. G.; Pielert, J. H.; NBSIR 83-2688. Mathey, R. G.; Rossiter, W. J.; 21897

Matsumoto, N.; Kondo, S.; lida, R.; SP658; 1983 July. VI-9-VI-43. Matsumoto, N.; Totoda, M.; Shiga, M.; SP651; 1983 April. 587-599. Matsushima, Y.; Ishiyama, Y.; Kubo, T.; Ohashi, Y.; Watabe, M.; SP658- 1983 July. VIM-VII-21.

Mayes, R. L.; Cooper, J. D.; Scheffey, C. F.; Sharpe, R. L.; SP658;

1983 July. V-l-V-5. May, W. B., Jr.; NBSIR 83-2713. McCabe, M. E.; Lecourte, J.; Robinson, S.; 22279. McDonough, G. F., Jr.; Costes, N. C; Scalzi, J. B.; SP658\ 1983 July. VIII-l-VIII-22. Meehan, J. F.; SP658; 1983 July. X-17-X-38. Midorikawa, M.; Fukuta, T.; Kaminosono, T.; Watabe, M.; Yamanouchi, H.; SP651; 1983 April. 489-506. Minami, K. I.; Kiyomiya, O.; Noda, S.; Tsuchida, H.; SP651; 1983

April. 242-258. Minowa, C; Ohtani, K.; SP658; 1983 July. III-29-III-40. Morgan, B. J.; Hiraishi, H.; Corley, W. G.; SP651; 1983 April. 476-

488. Mueller, P.; Becker, J. M.; Llorente, C; SP658; 1983 July. III41-III64. Mulroy, W. J.; Didion, D. A.; NBSIR 83-2756 Mulroy, W. J.; Park, C; NBSIR 83-2648

Murota, T.; Ishiyama, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-143-VII-156. Murota, T.; Okada, H.; SP651; 1983 April. 34-52. N

Naito, K.; Tabata, I.; Banno, N.; Takahashi, K.; SP658; 1983 July.

1-3 1-1-45. Nakajima, T.; Kuribayashi, E.; Iwasaki, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 565-

586. Nakajima, T.; Yasue, T.; Iwasaki, T.; Sasaki, Y.; Asanuma, H.; SP651;

1983 April. 325-342. Nakano, K.; Kitagawa, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. II-45-II-64. Nakata, S.; Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto,

S.; SP651; 1983 April. 457-475. Nakata, S.; Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto,

S.; SP651; 1983 April. 440-456. Nakazawa, K.; Kuribayashi, E.; Tazaki, T.; Hadate, T.; Hagiwara, R.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-112.

Narita, N.; Asanuma, H.; Fukui, J.; Yamamoto, Y.; SP651; 1983

April. 600-616.

Narita, N.; Saeki, S.; Kanai, M.; Ohshio, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 361-

401.

Narita, N.; Yamamoto, K.; Sata, H.; Okubo, T.; SP651; 1983 April.

1-19. Noda, S.; Tsuchida, H.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-79-VII-109.

38
Noda, S.; Tsuchida, H.; Minami, K. I.; Kiyomiya, O.; SP651; 1983

April. 242-258. Noda, S.; Tsuchida, H.; Uwabe, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 193-217. o

Ober, D. G.; Rennex, B. G.; Jones, R. R.; 22242. Ohashi, M.; Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K.; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III86. Ohashi, M.; Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K.; Tokida, K.; Okubo, T.; SP6S8; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61.

Ohashi, Y.; Watabe, M.; Matsushima, Y.; Ishiyama, Y.; Kubo, T.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-l-VII-21. Oh-oka, H.; Itoh, K.; Sugimura, Y.; Hirosawa, M.; SP658; 1983 July. 111-133-111-162. Ohshio, T.; Narita, N.; Saeki, S.; Kanai, M.; SP651\ 1983 April. 361-

401. Ohtani, K.; SP651\ 1983 April. 75-80. Ohtani, K.; Minowa, C; SP658; 1983 July. III-29-III-40. Ohtsuka, K.; Uchida, E.; Fujiwhara, S.; Tatehira, R.; Tabe, I.; SP658;

1983 July. I-1-I-15. Okada, H.; Murota, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 34-52. Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono,

T.; SP651; 1983 April. 440456. Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa, Y.; Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono,

T.; SP651; 1983 April. 457475. Okubo, T.; SP658; 1983 July. 2345. Okubo, T.; Arakawa, T.; Kawashima, K.; SP651; 1983 April. 95-123. Okubo, T.; Narita, N.; Yamamoto, K.; Sata, H.; SP651; 1983 April.

1-19. Okubo, T.; Ohashi, M.; Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K.; Tokida, K.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61. Olmert, M.; Raufaste, N.; SP446-7. Otsuka, M.; SP658; 1983 July. II-1-II-12. P

Park, C; NBSIR 83-2720. Park, C; Mulroy, W. J.; NBSIR 83-2648. Parken, W. H.; Kao, J. Y.; Kelly, G. E.; NBSIR 82-2489. PersUy, A.; 22276.

Persily, A. K.; Fang, J. B.; Grot, R. A.; Chang, Y. M.; NBSIR 83-

2768.

Persily, A. K.; Grot, R. A.; 21805. Pfrang, E. O.; Leyendecker, E. V.; Harris, J. R.; Wright, R. N.; SP658; 1983 July. 15-21.

Pielert, J. H.; NBSIR 83-2709.

Pielert, J. H.; Mathey, R. G.; NBSIR 83-2688

Pierce, E. T.; Kao, J. Y.; 21701. Pierman, B. C; Collins, B. L.; Lemer, N. D.; NBSIR 82-2485.

Piet, O.; Bean, J. W.; Kusuda, T.; BSS156. Pommersheim, J. M.; Clifton, J. R.; Frohnsdorff, G. J.; 21692.

Pruitt, D. O.; Engers, P.; Lane, P.; Schweinfurth, S. E.; Silberstein,

S.; Grot, R. A.; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA). Q

R

Rankin, F.; Woodward, K.; NBSIR 83-2780

Raufaste, N.; Olmert, M.; SP446-Z

Raufaste, N. J.; 21801.

Redfield, R.; EUingwood, B.; 21807

Reed, D. A.; Scanlan, R. H.; 21886. Reed, D. A.; Simiu, E.; BSS154.

Reinhold, T. A.; EUingwood, B. R.; 2162Z

Rennex, B.; NBSIR 83-2674. Rennex, B. G.; Jones, R. R.; Ober, D. G.; 22242. Robinson, S.; McCabe, M. E.; Lecourte, J.; 22279. Rojahn, C; Borcherdt, R. D.; SP651; 1983 April. 617-654.

Rossiter, W. J.; Mathey, R. G.; 27597.

Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; Ballard, D. B.; Sleater, G. A.; 21827

Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; Mathey, R. G.; Clifton, J. R.; Cullen, W. C;

SP659. Rubin, A. I.; NBSIR 83-2784-1. Rudder, F. F.; Weber, S. F.; 22046. Rudder, F. F., Jr.; NBSIR 83-2680. Ruggli, R.; Hastings, S. R.; NBSIR 83-2724.

s

Sabatiuk, P. A.; NBS-GCR-81-341. Saeki, S.; Kanai, M.; Ohshio, T.; Narita, N.; SP651; 1983 April. 361- 401. Salomone, L. A.; 21629. Salomone, L. A.; Gray, R. E.; Yokel, F. Y.; 22181. Salomone, L. A.; Kovacs, W. D.; 21669

Sasaki, Y.; Asanuma, H.; Nakajima, T.; Yasue, T.; Iwasaki, T.; SP651;

1983 April. 325-342.

Sasaki, Y.; Koga, Y.; SP651; 1983 April. 541-555.

Sasaki, Y.; Koga, Y.; Taniguchi, E.; Yamamura, K.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78.

Sasaki, Y.; Taniguchi, E.; SP651; 1983 April. 124-149.

Sata, H.; Okubo, T.; Narita, N.; Yamamoto, K.; SP65r, 1983 April.

1-19. Scalzi, J. B.; McDonough, G. F., Jr.; Costes, N. C; SP658; 1983 July. VIII- l-VIII-22.

Scalzi, J. B.; Thiel, C. C; Anderson, W. A.; Gaus, M. P.; Hakala, W.;

Krimgold, F.; Liu, S. C; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27.

Scanlan, R. H.; Reed, D. A.; 21886. Scheffey, C. F.; Bampton, M. C. C; Bosch, H.; Cheng, D. H.; SP658;

1983 July. IV-l-IV-19.

Scheffey, C. F.; Sharpe, R. L.; Mayes, R. L.; Cooper, J. D.; SP658;

1983 July. V-l-V-5.

Schmitz, G. R.; Csizmadia, T. D.; NBS-GCR-83-434

Schweinfurth, S. E.; Silberstein, S.; Grot, R. A.; Pruitt, D. O.; Engers, P.; Lane, P.; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

Sharpe, R. L.; Mayes, R. L.; Cooper, J. D.; Scheffey, C. F.; SP658;

1983 July. V-l-V-5.

Shaver, J. R.; Simiu, E.; Filliben, J. J.; 21572.

Shiga, M.; Matsumoto, N.; Totoda, M.; SP651; 1983 April. 587-599.

Shioi, Y.; Asama, T.; SP658; 1983 July. III-l 19-III-132. SUberstein, S.; Grot, R. A.; Burch, D. M.; NBSIR 82-2605.

Silberstein, S.; Grot, R. A.; Pruitt, D. O.; Engers, P.; Lane, P.; Schweinfurth, S. E.; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

Simiu, E.; SP651; 1983 April. 532-537. Simiu, E.; 21839

Simiu, E.; Batts, M. E.; 21712. Simiu, E.; FUliben, J. J.; Changery, M. J.; SP658; 1983 July. I-16-I-30. Simiu, E.; Filliben, J. J.; Shaver, J. R.; 21572. Simiu, E.; Leigh, S. D.; BSS151.

Simiu, E.; Reed, D. A.; BSS154.

Sleater, G. A.; Rossiter, W. J., Jr.; Ballard, D. B.; 21827

Spellerberg, P. A.; Welbom, J. Y.; NBSIR 82-2632.

Stahl, F. I.; NBSIR 83-2671. Stanevich, R. L.; Yokel, F. Y.; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol IL

Stanevich, R. L.; Yokel, F. Y.; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I

Sugimura, Y.; Hirosawa, M.; Oh-oka, H.; Itoh, K.; SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162. Sushinsky, G.; Didion, D. A.; Mastascusa, E. J.; Chi, J.; Kao, J. Y.; BSS15a

Swaffield, J. A.; NBSIR 82-2614. Swaffield, J. A.; Bridge, S.; Galowin, L. S.; 21853.

Swaffield, J. A.; Bridge, S.; Galowin, L. S.; 21857 T

Tabata, I.; Banno, N.; Takahashi, K.; Naito, K.; SP658; 1983 July. I-31-I45. Tabe, I.; Ohtsuka, K.; Uchida, E.; Fujiwhara, S.; Tatehira, R.; SP658;

1983 July. I-1-I-15.

39
Takahashi, H.; Fujinawa, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. IX-l-IX-7. Takahashi, K.; Naito, K.; Tabata, I.; Banno, N.; SP658; 1983 July.

1-3 1-145. Takahashi, S. K.; Tyrrell, J. V.; SP651; 1983 April. 402415.

Taniguchi, E.; Sasaki, Y.; SP651; 1983 April. 124-149. Taniguchi, E.; Yamamura, K.; Sasaki, Y.; Koga, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78.

Tatehira, R.; Tabe, I.; Ohtsuka, K.; Uchida, E.; Fujiwhara, S.; SP658;

1983 July. M-I-15.

Tazaki, T.; Hadate, T.; Hagiwara, R.; Nakazawa, K.; Kuribayashi, E.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-1 12. Thiel, C. C; SP658; 1983 July. 1-14. Thiel, C. C; Anderson, W. A.; Gaus, M. P.; Hakala, W.; Krimgold,

F.; Liu, S. C; Scalzi, J. B.; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27. Tokida, K.; Okubo, T.; Ohashi, M.; Iwasaki, T.; Kawashima, K.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61. Tokida, K. I.; Kimata, T.; Iwasaki, T.; Arakawa, T.; SP651; 1983

April. 172-192. Totoda, M.; Shiga, M.; Matsumoto, N.; SP651; 1983 April. 587-599. Treado, S.; Bamett, J.; Kusuda, T.; TNI174. Treado, S.; GUlette, G.; Kusuda, T.; NBSIR 83-2726. Treado, S. J.; NBSIR 83-2728

Tsuchida, H.; Minami, K. I.; Kiyomiya, O.; Noda, S.; SP651; 1983

April. 242-258. Tsuchida, H.; Noda, S.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-79-VII-109. Tsuchida, H.; Uwabe, T.; Noda, S.; SP651; 1983 April. 193-217. Turk, A.; Westlin, K. L.; Woods, J. E.; Banks, P. N.; Johnson, W. B.; Lull, W. P.; Madson, C. A.; NBS-GCR-83-438

Tyrrell, J. V.; Takahashi, S. K.; SP651; 1983 April. 402415. u

Uchida, E.; Fujiwhara, S.; Tatehira, R.; Tabe, L; Ohtsuka, K.; SP658;

1983 July. I-1-I-15. Uda, T.; Hashimoto, H.; SP658; 1983 July. IX-8-1X-18. Uwabe, T.; SP658; 1983 July. II-24-II-44. Uwabe, T.; Noda, S.; Tsuchida, H.; SP651; 1983 April. 193-217. V

Ventre, F. T.; NBSIR 83-2662. Ventre, F. T.; 21696. Volz, C. K.; Carino, N. J.; Lew, H. S.; 21837. w

Waksman, D.; Walton, W. D.; 21777. Walton, G. N.; NBSIR 83-2655. Walton, G. N.; NBSIR 83-2635. Walton, W. D.; Waksman, D.; 21777

Watabe, M.; SP6S1; 1983 April. 556-564. Watabe, M.; Ishiyama, Y.; Yamazaki, Y.; Kamimura, K.; SP651; 1983

April. 522-531. Watabe, M.; Kubo, T.; SP658; 1983 July. II-13-II-23. Watobe, M.; Matsushima, Y.; Ishiyama, Y.; Kubo, T.; Ohashi, Y.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-l-VII-21. Watabe, M.; Yamanouchi, H.; Midorikawa, M.; Fukuta, T.; Kaminosono, T.; SP651; 1983 April. 489-506. Weber, S. F.; Rudder, F. F.; 22046. Welbom, J. Y.; Spellerberg, P. A.; NBSIR 82-2631

Westlin, K. L.; Woods, J. E.; Banks, P. N.; Johnson, W. B.; LuU, W.

P.; Madson, C. A.; Turk, A.; NBS-GCR-83-438

White, R. N.; Gergely, P.; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8. White, R. N.; Gergely, P.; Fagundo, F.; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III28. Winter, F.; Galowin, L.; NBSIR 82-2602

Winter, F.; Galowin, L. S.; 21871. Wise, R. A.; NBSIR 83-2653. Woods, J. E.; Banks, P. N.; Johnson, W. B.; Lull, W. P.; Madson, C.

A.; Turk, A.; Westlin, K. L.; NBS-GCR-83-438. Woodward, K.; Rankin, F.; NBSIR 83-2780

Woodward, K. A.; Leyendecker, E. V.; Fattal, S. G.; Carino, N. J.; 22062

Wright, J. K.; SP651; 1983 April. 433439.

Wright, R. N.; Pfrang, E. O.; Leyendecker, E. V.; Harris, J. R.; SP658; 1983 July. 15-21. Wu, S. T.; Leyendecker, E. V.; NBSIR 83-2727 X

Y

Yamamoto, K.; Sata, H.; Okubo, T.; Narita, N.; SP651\ 1983 April.

1-19. Yamamoto, Y.; Narita, N.; Asanuma, H.; Fukui, J.; SP651; 1983

April. 600-616. Yamamura, K.; Sasaki, Y.; Koga, Y.; Taniguchi, E.; SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78. Yamanouchi, H.; Midorikawa, M.; Fukuta, T.; Kaminosono, T.; Watabe, M.; SP651; 1983 April. 489-506. Yamazaki, Y.; Kamimura, K.; Watabe, M.; Ishiyama, Y.; SP651; 1983

April. 522-531. Yaniv, S. L.; Bartel, T. W.; 21635. Yaniv, S. L.; Flynn, D. R.; NBSIR 82-2610

Yaniv, S. L.; Flynn, D. R.; TN1113-3. Yao, J. T. P.; Ellingwood, B.; Leyendecker, E. V.; 21832. Yasue, T.; Iwasaki, T.; Sasaki, Y.; Asanuma, H.; Nakajima, T.; SP651;

1983 April. 325-342. Yokel, F. Y.; Anderson, E. D.; Chung, R. M.; SP651; 1983 April. 150-171. Yokel, F. Y.; Chung, R. M.; NBSIR 82-2568. Yokel, F. Y.; Salomone, L. A.; Gray, R. E.; 22181. Yokel, F. Y.; Stanevich, R. L.; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol IL

Yokel, F. Y.; Stanevich, R. L.; NBSIR 83-2693. Vol L

Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa,

Y.; SP651; 1983 April. 457475.

Yoshimura, M.; Kaminosono, T.; Okamoto, S.; Nakata, S.; Kitagawa,

Y.; SP651; 1983 April. 440456. z

40
KEY WORD INDEX
A

abatement of asbestos; asbestos; buildings; fireproofing; insulation; regulations; structural steel; NBSIR 83-2688. abnormal loads; buUdings (codes); design; loads; probability theory; progressive collapse; reliability; structural engineering; 21832. absorption heat pump; ammonia-water; ARKLA water chiller; experimental performance; mathematical model; steady-state performance; NBSIR 82-2606.

abstracts; building technology; Center for Building Technology; key

words; publications; SP457-7.

accelerated tests; building components; building materials; durabihty;

durability prediction; recommended practice; service life; 21907. accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground failure; liquefaction;

pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering;

structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; SP651.

accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground

failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; SP658.

accidental eccentricity; building codes and standards; design

eccentricity; dynamic eccentricity; parametric study; seismic waves;

structural response; NBSIR 83-2727.

acoustical design; benefit analysis; building codes; model code; noise

control; noise impact; outdoor-indoor noise isolation; NBSIR 83- 2680. acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics; lighting; office automation; office design criteria; quality-of-life; space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); work station; NBSIR 83-2784-1.

acoustics; environmental pollution; highway noise; motor vehicle

noise; noise; noise control; sound; traffic noise; transportation noise; TN1113-3.

acoustics; general adverse response to noise; noise measurement;

sound; NBSIR 82-2610.

acuity, visual; angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing; letters; luminance; resolution, eye; signs; Snellen chart; stroke width; visual

acuity; visual angle; TN1180. aerodynamic forces; solidity; trussed-girders; SP651; 1983 April. 1-19. aerodynamic response; bridges; cable-stayed bridges; SP658; 1983

July. IV-1-IV.19. aerodynamics; buildings; deformation; engineering mechanics; failure; glass; loads (forces); probability theory; BSS154.

aerodynamics; climatology; extreme winds; loads; structural engineering; wind (meteorology); 21839.

aftershocks; El Centro Array; Imperial fault; Imperial Valley; SP651;

1983 April. 81-94. age-strength relation; compression tests; compressive strength; concretes; cubes; curing; hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature; 22041. age-strength relation; compressive strength; concretes; curing;

cylinders; temperature; tests; 21837.

air conditioner; capillary tube; coU; compressor; condenser;

evaporator; expansion device; heat pump; modeling; vapor

compression cycle; BSS155.

air exchange rate; archives; building envelope infiltration; pressurization; records storage; ventilation; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

air infiltration; air tightness; building diagnostics; building tightness; passive solar buildings; pressurization; tracer gas; 21805.

air infiltration; building diagnostics; building thermal integrity; fan

pressurization; field measurements; thermographic inspections; tracer gas technique; U-value tests; NBSIR 83-2768.

air infiltration rates; envelope thermal performance; infrared imaging;

radiometers; thermal bridges; thermographic surveys; tracer gas

techniques; NBSIR 82-2605.

ail leakage; airtightness; blower; building diagnostics; doors; leakage

testing; pressurization; 22276.

air quality; archival storage; criteria; design parameters; environmental conditions; environmental control; environmental

conditioning systems; NBS-GCR-83-438.

airtightness; blower; building diagnostics; doors; leakage testing;

pressurization; air leakage; 22276.

air tightness; building diagnostics; building tightness; passive solar buildings; pressurization; tracer gas; air infiltration; 21805. ammonia-water; ARKLA water chiller; experimental performance; mathematical model; steady-state performance; absorption heat pump; NBSIR 82-2606

amplitude; concretes; cracking (fracturing); evaluation; nondestructive

tests; ultrasonic tests; velocity; 21851.

analysis; flow; force; liquid; model; momentum; partially-filled; pipe;

solid; solid-liquid channel flow; steady; uniform; velocity; J. Res.

88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

analytical model; dynamic response; seismic hazard; unreinforced masonry; wood diaphragms; SP658; 1983 July. VII-llO-VII-129. anchorage; applied ceilings; plaster ceilings; seismic forces; T-bar

ceilings; SP658; 1983 July. X-17-X-38.

angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing; letters; luminance;

resolution, eye; signs; Snellen chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle; acuity, visual; TNI180. annual efficiency; annual operating costs; boilers; fossil fuel heating

systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas fueled; part-load performance; rating procedures; seasonal efficiency; NBSIR 83- 2648

annual operating costs; boilers; fossil fuel heating systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas fueled; part-load performance; rating procedures; seasonal efficiency; annual efficiency; NBSIR 83-2648. apartment buildings; collapse; compressive strength; concrete

construction; concrete slabs; failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; punching shear; reinforced concrete; shear stress; 22062. apparent thermal conductivity; error analysis; guarded hot plate; thermal insulation; thermal resistance; NBSIR 83-2674.

appliances; energy; heat pump water heaters; testing; test procedures; water heaters; NBSIR 83-2723. applied ceilings; plaster ceilings; seismic forces; T-bar ceilings; anchorage; SP658; 1983 July. X-17-X-38. arched gravity dam; dynamic analysis; earthquake accelerogram;

frequency response functions; hydrodynamic pressure; SP658; 1983

July. VI-9-VI-43.

architectural acoustics; constrained optimization; construction cost; cost minimization; noise insulation; 22046.

architectural acoustics; decay rate; ensemble averaging; reverberant sound field; reverberation room; sound absorption; 21635.

architectural design; building performance; building research; building

technology; capital investment; knowledge; productivity; 21696.

archival storage; criteria; design parameters; environmental

conditions; environmental control; environmental conditioning

systems; air quality; NBS-GCR-83-438.

archives; building envelope infiltration; pressurization; records

storage; ventilation; air exchange rate; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

arctic; concrete; construction; design; inspection; offshore structures;

repair; research; structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop; NBSIR 83-2751. ARKLA water chiller; experimental performance; mathematical model; steady-state performance; absorption heat pump; ammoniawater; NBSIR 82-2606

artificial fill; disaster prevention; earthquake disaster; ground failure; slope steepness; SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-VII-35.

artificial vibration; impact loadings; liquefaction; standard penetration

tests; vibratory cone penetrometer; SP651; 1983 April. 541-555.

asbestos; buildings; fireproofing; insulation; regulations; structural

steel; abatement of asbestos; NBSIR 83-2688. aseismatic building techniques; earthquake disasters; earthquake

engineering; SP65r, 1983 April. 522-531. aseismic design; aseismic safety; dynamic analysis; input waves;

SP651; 1983 April. 75-80. aseismic design; design problems; incremental expansion; shelter core; SP651; 1983 April. 532-537. aseismic safety; dynamic analysis; input waves; aseismic design; SP651; 1983 April. 75-80. ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55-1981; black globe temperature; comfort envelope; direct gain room; operative temperature; passive

solar test facility; solar radiation; thermal comfort; NBSIR 82-2621

(DoE).

42
ASHRAE design values; building heat transfer; Delsante method;

earth temperature; slab-on-grade heat transfer; soil temperature; BSS156.

Atterberg limit tests; field tests; heat flow; laboratory tests; soil moisture; soil tests; thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; 21669. automatic control; daylighting; lighting control; microprocessor;

window management; NBSIR 83-2728. B

balance point temperature; computer graphics; degree days; energy

conservation; energy consumption; fuel usage records; tracking

technique; weatherization retrofit; NBSIR 83-2676. BASIC; COBOL; earthquake; FORTRAN; microcomputer; SP651;

1983 April. 402-415. beams; bond; concrete; design; lapped splices; reinforced concrete;

seismic design; splices; testing; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28. beams; buildings (codes); columns; limit states design; probability

theory; reliability; steels; structural engineering; 21627.

benefit analysis; building codes; model code; noise control; noise impact; outdoor-indoor noise isolation; acoustical design; NBSIR

83-2680. black globe temperature; comfort envelope; direct gain room;

operative temperature; passive solar test facility; solar radiation; thermal comfort; ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55-1981; NBSIR 82- 2621 (DoE). blended cement; cement; data base; fly ash; reference sample; 21717. blower; building diagnostics; doors; leakage testing; pressurization; air leakage; airtightness; 22276.

boilers; computer model; energy conservation; fire tube boilers; heat

transfer; NBSIR 83-2638

boilers; fossil fuel heating systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas

fueled; part-load performance; rating procedures; seasonal

efficiency; annual efficiency; annual operating costs; NBSIR 83- 2648

bond; concrete; design; lapped splices; reinforced concrete; seismic

design; splices; testing; beams; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28. braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining

structures; safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I. braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining

structures; safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. II. brick masonry; buildings (codes); concrete masonry; design; limit

states design; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; 21622. bridge motion; cable-stayed bridge; wind data; SP651; 1983 April. 20-

33. bridge-pier foundations; bridge seismology; earthquake frequency

characteristics; foundation structure response; ground surface

accelerations; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III-86. bridge piers; concrete-filled steel tubes; earthquake; SP651; 1983

April. 361-401.

bridges; cable-stayed bridges; aerodynamic response; SP658; 1983

July. IV-l-IV-19.

bridges; design guidelines; seismic design; SP658; 1983 July. V-l-V-5.

bridge seismology; earthquake frequency characteristics; foundation

structure response; ground surface accelerations; bridge-pier foundations; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III-86. building; evaluation; performance; rehab; research; test methods;

21945.

building (codes); climatology; hurricanes; statistical analysis; structural engineering; wind (meteorology); wind direction; 21712. building codes; model code; noise control; noise impact; outdoor- indoor noise isolation; acoustical design; benefit analysis; NBSIR

83-2680. building (codes); probability distribution functions; statistical analysis; storms; structural engineering; wind pressure; wind speeds; SP658;

1983 July. I- 16-1-30. building codes and standards; building delivery process; building

design process; computer-aided building design; computer-aided

design; computer-integrated construction; engineering database

management; structural engineering computer programs; NBSIR

83-2671. building codes and standards; design eccentricity; dynamic

eccentricity; parametric study; seismic waves; structural response; accidental eccentricity; NBSIR 83-2727. building components; building materials; durability; durability

prediction; recommended practice; service life; accelerated tests; 21907. building computer simulation; building energy performance;

clerestory performance; daylighting; skylight performance; window

performance; BSS152.

building control strategies; building energy conservation; building thermal performance; HVAC; NBSIR 82-2489. building control strategies; building energy conservation; building thermal performance; HVAC systems; NBSIR 83-2746. building delivery process; building design process; computer-aided

building design; computer-aided design; computer-integrated

construction; engineering database management; structural engineering computer programs; building codes and standards; NBSIR 83-2671. building design process; computer-aided building design; computeraided design; computer-integrated construction; engineering

database management; structural engineering computer programs;

building codes and standards; building delivery process; NBSIR

83-2671. building diagnostics; building thermal integrity; fan pressurization;

field measurements; thermographic inspections; tracer gas

technique; U-value tests; air infiltration; NBSIR 83-2768. building diagnostics; building tightness; passive solar buildings; pressurization; tracer gas; air infiltration; air tightness; 21805. building diagnostics; doors; leakage testing; pressurization; air leakage;

airtightness; blower; 22276.

building enclosure systems; building structural systems; innovative

building technologies; office building enclosures; office building

structures; structures; NBS-GCR-83-434.

building energy analysis; building heat transfer; computer modeling;

convection; infiltration; ventilation; NBSIR 83-2635. building energy analysis; building heat transfer; computer modeling;

load calculation; NBSIR 83-2655. building energy analysis; clerestories; dayhghting; skylights; windows;

NBSIR 83-2726. building energy analysis; cooling loads; heating loads; solar film; solar heat gain; window management; TNI174. building energy analysis program; data tape; measured hourly data; testing and verification; NBSIR 81-2456. building energy conservation; building energy consumption; building

temperature control; HVAC system control; sensor error; 21701. building energy conservation; building thermal performance; HVAC;

building control strategies; NBSIR 82-2489. building energy conservation; building thermal performance; HVAC

systems; building control strategies; NBSIR 83-2746. building energy consumption; building temperature control; HVAC

system control; sensor error; building energy conservation; 21701.

building energy performance; clerestory performance; daylighting;

skylight performance; window performance; building computer

simulation; BSS152.

building envelope infiltration; pressurization; records storage;

ventilation; air exchange rate; archives; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

building heat losses; comparison of inspections; infrared scanning

systems; insulation voids; interpretation of thermograms; thermal

deficiencies; thermographic inspections; weatherization retrofits; NBSIR 82-2510

building heat transfer; computer modeling; convection; infiltration; ventilation; building energy analysis; NBSIR 83-2635. building heat transfer; computer modeling; load calculation; building energy analysis; NBSIR 83-2655. building heat transfer; Delsante method; earth temperature; slab-on- grade heat transfer; soil temperature; ASHRAE design values; BSS156.

Building Management and Control Systems (EMCS, BMCS);

computer control; control algorithms; control software; duty

cycling; energy management; heating, ventilating and air

43
conditioning (HVAC); scheduled start/stop; time of day control; NBSJR 83-2713. building materials; durability; durability prediction; recommended

practice; service life; accelerated tests; building components; 21907.

building measurement; building systems; Federal buildings; field assessment; office buildings; performance specification; post- occupancy evaluation; procurement; technical innovation; NBSIR

83-2662

building performance; building research; building technology; capital investment; knowledge; productivity; architectural design; 21696.

building research; building technology; capital investment; knowledge; productivity; architectural design; building

performance; 21696.

building research; building technology; criteria; codes; measurement

and test methods; performance criteria; project summaries;

technical bases; SP446-7.

buildings; concrete construction; failure; flat concrete plates; punching

shear; shear strength; strength analysis; structural analysis; 21617.

buildings; deformation; engineering mechanics; failure; glass; loads

(forces); probability theory; aerodynamics; BSS154.

buildings; fireproofing; insulation; regulations; structural steel; abatement of asbestos; asbestos; NBSIR 83-2688. buildings (codes); columns; limit states design; probabihty theory;

reliability; steels; structural engineering; beams; 21627.

buildings (codes); concrete masonry; design; hmit states design; loads

(forces); probability theory; reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; brick masonry; 21622.

buildings (codes); concrete (reinforced); design (buildings); limit

states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering; 22167.

buildings (codes); design; loads; probability theory; progressive

collapse; reliability; structural engineering; abnormal loads; 21832.

buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reinforced concrete; reliabihty; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; 21581.

buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory; reUability; specifications; standards; structural engineering; 21591.

buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory; rehability; safety; specifications; standards;

structural engineering; 21624.

buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; 21621.

buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability

theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering; 21649.

buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete; limit states; loads; masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards;

steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber; 21618.

buildings (codes); limit states design; probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; timber

construction; 21623. building structural systems; innovative building technologies; office building enclosures; office building structures; structures; building enclosure systems; NBS-GCR-83-434.

building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake engineering;

earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; NBSIR 82-2589. building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake engineering;

earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; NBSIR 82-2626. building systems; Federal buildings; field assessment; office buildings; performance specification; post-occupancy evaluation; procurement; technical innovation; building measurement; NBSIR

83-2661

building technology; capital investment; knowledge; productivity;

architectural design; building performance; building research; 21696.

building technology; Center for Building Technology; key words;

publications; abstracts; SP457-7.

building technology; construction safety; guardrails; occupancy

safety; slips; trenching; 21801. building technology; criteria; codes; measurement and test methods;

performance criteria; project summaries; technical bases; building

research; SP446-7.

building temperature control; HVAC system control; sensor error; building energy conservation; building energy consumption; 21701. building thermal integrity; fan pressurization; field measurements; thermographic inspections; tracer gas technique; U-value tests; air

infiltration; building diagnostics; NBSIR 83-2768. building thermal performance; HVAC; building control strategies; building energy conservation; NBSIR 82-2489. building thermal performance; HVAC systems; building control

strategies; building energy conservation; NBSIR 83-2746. building tightness; passive solar buildings; pressurization; tracer gas;

air infiltration; air tightness; building diagnostics; 21805. c

cable-stayed bridge; wind data; bridge motion; SP651; 1983 April. 20-

33. cable-stayed bridges; aerodynamic response; bridges; SP658; 1983

July. IV-l-IV-19.

cable stayed bridges; nonlinear behavior; static and dynamic response; SP651; 1983 April. 343-360. calorimeter; energy storage; heat transfer; passive solar component;

solar energy; test procedure; 22279.

capillary tube; coil; compressor; condenser; evaporator; expansion

device; heat pump; modeling; vapor compression cycle; air conditioner; BSS155.

capital investment; knowledge; productivity; architectural design; building performance; building research; building technology; 21696

cellular structure; foam; humidity; insulation; scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage; temperature; urea-formaldehyde; 21827. cement; data base; fly ash; reference sample; blended cement; 21 71 7. cement; hydration; mechanisms; models; particle size; tricalcium

silicate; water-to-cement radio; 21692. Center for Building Technology; key words; publications; abstracts; building technology; SP457-7.

central air conditioners; cyclic testing; heat pumps; refrigerant migration; NBSIR 83-2756

chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature; humidity

generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; BSS157.

chromaticity; color; color appearance; energy-efficient lights; illumination; light source; safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual sensitivity; NBSIR 83-2694.

civil engineering structures; damage; earthquake, Urakawa-oki; SP651; 1983 April. 325-342.

clerestories; daylighting; skylights; windows; building energy analysis; NBSIR 83-2726

clerestory performance; daylighting; skylight performance; window

performance; building computer simulation; building energy

performance; BSS152.

climatology; design (buildings); loads; probability theory; roofs; snow;

statistical analysis; structural engineering; 21807. climatology; extreme values; short-term records; statistics; structural engineering; wind forces; 21572. climatology; extreme winds; loads; structural engineering; wind

(meteorology); aerodynamics; 21839. climatology; hurricanes; statistical analysis; structural engineering;

wind (meteorology); wind direction; building (codes); 21712.

coastal dikes; defense works; storm surge; SP651; 1983 April. 655-668.

coastal hazards; tsunamigenic earthquake; identification; tsunami

research; SP651; 1983 April. 416-425. COBOL; earthquake; FORTRAN; microcomputer; BASIC; SP651;

1983 April. 402-415. codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes;

geotechnical engineering; ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; SP651.

codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards;

44
seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; SP658.

codes; measurement and test methods; performance criteria; project summaries; technical bases; building research; building technology;

criteria; SP446-7.

coefficient of variation; laboratory performance; test precision; NBSIR 82-2632. cohesion in soil; liquefaction; sandy soils; strain levels; stress levels; SP658; 1983 July. III-119-III-132. coU; compressor; condenser; evaporator; expansion device; heat pump; modeling; vapor compression cycle; air conditioner;

capillary tube; BSS155.

collapse; compressive strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs;

failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; punching shear; reinforced concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings; 22062.

color; color appearance; energy-efficient lights; illumination; hght

source; safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual

sensitivity; chromaticity; NBSIR 83-2694. color appearance; energy-efficient lights; illumination; light source;

safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual sensitivity; chromaticity; color; NBSIR 83-2694. columns; limit states design; probability theory; reliability; steels; structural engineering; beams; buildings (codes); 21627. comfort envelope; direct gain room; operative temperature; passive

solar test facility; solar radiation; thermal comfort; ASHRAE

Comfort Standard 55-1981; black globe temperature; NBSIR 82- 2621 (DoE). communication; hazard; pictogram; safety; signs; standards; symbols;

visual alerting; warnings; NBSIR 82-2485. comparison; earthquakes; force coefficients; horizontal acceleration and velocity; predictive equations; response spectra; SP651; 1983

April. 53-74. comparison of inspections; infrared scanning systems; insulation voids; interpretation of thermograms; thermal deficiencies; thermographic

inspections; weatherization retrofits; building heat losses; NBSIR

82-2510. compliant platforms; guyed towers; ocean engineering; offshore

platforms; structure dynamics; NBS-GCR-83-443.

compliant platforms; ocean engineering; offshore platforms; structural engineering; tension leg platforms; turbulence; waves; wind loads; BSS151.

composite breakwater; hydrodynamic response characteristics; SP651; 1983 April. 193-217. compression tests; compressive strength; concretes; cubes; curing;

hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature; age- strength relation; 22041. compressive strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs; failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; punching shear; reinforced

concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings; collapse; 22062. compressive strength; concretes; cubes; curing; hydration; mortars

(material); setting (hardening); temperature; age-strength relation; compression tests; 22041. compressive strength; concretes; curing; cylinders; temperature; tests; age-strength relation; 21837. compressive strength; curing temperature; formwork; hydration;

maturity; mortar; scheduling; temperature effects; concrete; 21620. compressor; condenser; evaporator; expansion device; heat pump;

modeling; vapor compression cycle; air conditioner; capillary tube;

coil; BSS155

computer-aided building design; computer-aided design; computerintegrated construction; engineering database management;

structural engineering computer programs; building codes and

standards; building delivery process; building design process; NBSIR 83-2671. computer-aided design; computer-integrated construction; engineering

database management; structural engineering computer programs; buUding codes and standards; building delivery process; building

design process; computer-aided building design; NBSIR 83-2671. computer control; control algorithms; control software; duty cycling; energy management; heating, ventilating and air conditioning

(HVAC); scheduled start/stop; time of day control; Building

Management and Control Systems (EMCS, BMCS); NBSIR 83- 2713.

computer graphics; degree days; energy conservation; energy

consumption; fuel usage records; tracking technique; weatherization

retrofit; balance point temperature; NBSIR 83-2676. computer-integrated construction; engineering database management;

structural engineering computer programs; building codes and

standards; building delivery process; building design process; computer-aided building design; computer-aided design; NBSIR 83-

2671. computer model; energy conservation; fire tube boilers; heat transfer;

boilers; NBSIR 83-2638. computer modeling; convection; infiltration; ventilation; building energy analysis; building heat transfer; NBSIR 83-2635. computer modeling; earthquake sources; tsunami; tsunami behavior; tsunamigenic earthquake; SP651\ 1983 April. 507-521. computer modeling; load calculation; building energy analysis; building heat transfer; NBSIR 83-2655

concrete; compressive strength; curing temperature; formwork;

hydration; maturity; mortar; scheduling; temperature effects; 21620

concrete; construction; design; inspection; offshore structures; repair; research; structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop;

arctic; NBSIR 83-2751. concrete; containment vessels; cracking; dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced concrete; seismic effects; shear;

stiffness; testing; SP658; 1983 July. VI.1-VI.8.

concrete; curing temperature; hydration; inplace testing; maturity; mortar; strength; 21625. concrete; design; lapped splices; reinforced concrete; seismic design;

splices; testing; beams; bond; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28. concrete; limit states; loads; masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); 21618. concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction

standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory

construction; shored construction; BSS146.

concrete casting; construction loads; construction, standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork;

instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; BSS146.

concrete construction; concrete slabs; failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; punching shear; reinforced concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings; collapse; compressive strength; 22062. concrete construction; failure; flat concrete plates; punching shear; shear strength; strength analysis; structural analysis; buildings; 21617

concrete-filled steel tubes; earthquake; bridge piers; SP651; 1983

April. 361-401. concrete masonry; design; limit states design; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; brick masonry; buildings (codes); 21622. concrete (reinforced); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); 22167.

concretes; cracking (fracturing); evaluation; nondestructive tests; ultrasonic tests; velocity; amplitude; 21851.

concretes; cubes; curing; hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature; age-strength relation; compression tests; compressive strength; 22041.

concretes; curing; cylinders; temperature; tests; age-strength relation; compressive strength; 21837. concrete slabs; failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; punching

shear; reinforced concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings;

collapse; compressive strength; concrete construction; 22062. concrete structures; cooling towers; turbulence; wind loads; 21886. concrete structures; m-plane static reversing loads; planar wall assemWies; SP651; 1983 April. 476-488. concrete test specimen; construction practices; reinforcement details; SP651; 1983 April. 433-439. condenser; evaporator; expansion device; heat pump; modeling; vapor

compression cycle; air conditioner; capillary tube; coil; compressor; BSS155

45
connecting method; load-deformation characteristics; pile foundation;

pile heat; SP651; 1983 April. 600-616. constrained optimization; construction cost; cost minimization; noise

insulation; architectural acoustics; 22046.

construction; construction safety; occupational safety; perimeter nets; safety nets; NBSIR 83-2709. construction; design; inspection; offshore structures; repair; research;

structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop; arctic; concrete; NBSIR 83-2751. construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring;

slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I

construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring;

slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. II. construction cost; cost minimization; noise insulation; architectural

acoustics; constrained optimization; 22046. construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; BSS146.

construction practices; reinforcement details; concrete test specimen; SP651; 1983 April. 433-439. construction safety; guardrails; occupancy safety; slips; trenching;

building technology; 21801. construction safety; occupational safety; perimeter nets; safety nets; construction; NBSIR 83-2709. construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor

slab; formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory

construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete

casting; construction loads; BSS146.

consumer; defrost; door-openings; energy use; field test; home; ice cubes; ice-maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; NBSIR 83-2653. containment vessels; cracking; dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear

structures; reinforced concrete; seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8.

contrast; distance, viewing; letters; luminance; resolution, eye; signs; Snellen chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle; acuity,

visual; angle, visual; TNI180. control algorithms; control software; duty cycling; energy management; heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC);

scheduled start/stop; time of day control; Building Management

and Control Systems (EMCS, BMCS); computer control; NBSIR

83-2713. control software; duty cycling; energy management; heating,

ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC); scheduled start/stop; time of day control; Building Management and Control Systems (EMCS,

BMCS); computer control; control algorithms; NBSIR 83-2713. convection; infiltration; ventilation; building energy analysis; building heat transfer; computer modeling; NBSIR 83-2635. cooling loads; heating loads; solar film; solar heat gain; window

management; building energy analysis; TNI174. cooling towers; turbulence; wind loads; concrete structures; 21886.

cost minimization; noise insulation; architectural acoustics; constrained optimization; construction cost; 22046. cracking; cyclic; fatigue; masonry; shear; strain rate; walls; NBSIR

83-2780

cracking; dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced

concrete; seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; containment vessels; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8. cracking (fracturing); evaluation; nondestructive tests; ultrasonic tests; velocity; amplitude; concretes; 21851.

criteria; codes; measurement and test methods; performance criteria; project summaries; technical bases; building research; building

technology; SP446-7.

criteria; design parameters; environmental conditions; environmental

control; environmental conditioning systems; air quality; archival

storage; NBS-GCR-83-438

cubes; curing; hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature; age-strength relation; compression tests; compressive

strength; concretes; 22041.

curing; cylinders; temperature; tests; age-strength relation;

compressive strength; concretes; 21837.

curing; hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature; age-strength relation; compression tests; compressive

strength; concretes; cubes; 22041. curing temperature; formwork; hydration; maturity; mortar;

scheduling; temperature effects; concrete; compressive strength; 21620

curing temperature; hydration; inplace testing; maturity; mortar;

strength; concrete; 21625.

cyclic; fatigue; masonry; shear; strain rate; walls; cracking; NBSIR

83-2780

cyclic testing; heat pumps; refrigerant migration; central air conditioners; NBSIR 83-2756.

cylinders; temperature; tests; age-strength relation; compressive

strength; concretes; curing; 21837. D

damage; earthquake, Urakawa-oki; civil engineering structures; SP651; 1983 April. 325-342. damage; fiber reinforced concrete; impact penetration resistance; ultrasonic; 21736. damping; dynamic properties; field testing; geophysical; laboratory

testing; resonant column test; shear modulus; wave velocities; SP658; 1983 July. III-87-III-1 18. damping; resonant column; round robin tests; shear modulus; soil dynamics; test methods; torsional vibrations; NBSIR 82-2568. damping ratios; dynamic soil properties; shear modulus; shear-strain

testing of sand and clay; stress-strain soil behaviors; test procedures; SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162. data base; energy; passive solar; solar contribution; solar fraction; storage capacity; NBS-GCR-81-341. data base; fly ash; reference sample; blended cement; cement; 21717. data tape; measured hourly data; testing and verification; building energy analysis program; NBSIR 81-2456.

daylighting; lighting control; microprocessor; window management;

automatic control; NBSIR 83-2728.

daylighting; skylight performance; window performance; building

computer simulation; building energy perforinance; clerestory performance; BSS152.

daylighting; skylights; windows; building energy analysis; clerestories; NBSIR 83-2726 decay rate; ensemble averaging; reverberant sound field; reverberation room; sound absorption; architectural acoustics; 21635

defense works; storm surge; coastal dikes; SP651; 1983 April. 655-668. deformation; engineering mechanics; failure; glass; loads (forces); probability theory; aerodynamics; buildings; BSS154.

deformation method; dynamic response analysis; pipe stresses; twodimensional seismometer array observation; wave propagation; SP651; 1983 April. 242-258.

defrost; door-openings; energy use; field test; home; ice cubes; ice- maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer; NBSIR 83-

2653. degree days; energy conservation; energy consumption; fuel usage

records; tracking technique; weatherization retrofit; balance point temperature; computer graphics; NBSIR 83-2676. degree of saturation; ground vibration; pore water pressure buildup; SP651; 1983 April. 150-171. Delsante calculation; earth temperature; monthly floor heat loss; slab- on-grade floor; 22060. Delsante method; earth temperature; slab-on-grade heat transfer; soil temperature; ASHRAE design values; building heat transfer; BSS156.

dense instrument array; differential motion; ground motions; wave

propagation; SP651; 1983 April. 95-123. design; inspection; offshore structures; repair; research; structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop; arctic; concrete;

construction; NBSIR 83-2751.

design; lapped splices; reinforced concrete; seismic design; splices; testing; beams; bond; concrete; SP658\ 1983 July. III-23-III-28. design; limit states design; loads (forces); probability theory;

46
reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; brick masonry;

buildings (codes); concrete masonry; 21622.

design; loads; probability theory; progressive collapse; reliability; structural engineering; abnormal loads; buildings (codes); 21832.

design; soil mechanics; thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; transmission lines; 21629. design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability

theory; reinforced concrete; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); 21581. design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability

theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); concrete (reinforced); 22167. design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory;

reliability; specifications; standards; structural engineering;

buildings (codes); 21591. design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory;

reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering;

buildings (codes); 21624. design (buildings); loads; probability theory; roofs; snow; statistical analysis; structural engineering; climatology; 21807. design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); 21649

design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); 21621. design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical

engineering; ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind

loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; SP651.

design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards;

seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; SP658.

design criteria; ergonomics; lighting; office automation; office design

criteria; quality-of-life; space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's

(video display terminal); work station; acoustic privacy; NBSIR

83-2784-1. design eccentricity; dynamic eccentricity; parametric study; seismic waves; structural response; accidental eccentricity; building codes and standards; NBSIR 83-2727. design guidelines; seismic design; bridges; SP658; 1983 July. V-l-V-5.

design parameters; environmental conditions; environmental control; environmental conditioning systems; air quality; archival storage;

criteria; NBS-GCR-83-438.

design problems; incremental expansion; shelter core; aseismic design; SP651; 1983 April. 532-537. design (structures); concrete; limit states; loads; masonry; probability

theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs;

structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); 21618. dew point temperature; humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor

precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; BSS157

differential motion; ground motions; wave propagation; dense

instrument array; SP651; 1983 April. 95-123.

digital control systems; energy conservation; energy management and

control systems; heating and cooling systems; optimum start/stop

time; preheat time; NBSIR 83-2720.

direct gain room; operative temperature; passive solar test facility; solar radiation; thermal comfort; ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55- 1981; black globe temperature; comfort envelope; NBSIR 82-2621

(DoE).

disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering;

ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards;

structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; SP651.

disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; SP658.

disaster planning; seawall protection; tsunami breakwaters; tsunami

prediction; SP658; 1983 July. IX-29-IX-37.

disaster prediction; earthquake motions; hypocenters; seismic risk maps; seismic zoning; SP658; 1983 July. X-l-X-16.

disaster prevention; earthquake disaster; ground failure; slope

steepness; artificial fill; SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-VII-35.

disaster warning; earthquake detection; flood warning; tsunami

prediction; tsunami research; SP658; 1983 July. IX-l-IX-7.

distance, viewing; letters; luminance; resolution, eye; signs; Snellen

chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle; acuity, visual; angle,

visual; contrast; TNI180. door-openings; energy use; field test; home; ice cubes; ice-maker;

refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer; defrost; NBSIR 83-

2653. doors; leakage testing; pressurization; air leakage; airtightness; blower;

building diagnostics; 22276.

drains; partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; sohd transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow; 21853.

drains; partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; solid transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow; wave attenuation; 21857.

durability; durability prediction; recommended practice; service life; accelerated tests; building components; building materials; 21907.

durability prediction; membrane; methodology roofing service life; service-life testing; single-ply membranes; 21897.

durability prediction; recommended practice; service life; accelerated

tests; building components; building materials; durability; 21907. duty cycling; energy management; heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC); scheduled start/stop; time of day control; Building Management and Control Systems (EMCS, BMCS);

computer control; control algorithms; control software; NBSIR 83-

2713. dynamic analysis; earthquake accelerogram; frequency response

functions; hydrodynamic pressure; arched gravity dam; SP658;

1983 July. VI-9-VI-43. dynamic analysis; friction; post-tensioning; precast concrete; seismic

response; shear walls; SP658; 1983 July. III-41-III-64. dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced concrete;

seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; containment

vessels; cracking; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8. dynamic analysis; input waves; aseismic design; aseismic safety; SP651; 1983 April. 75-80. dynamic eccentricity; parametric study; seismic waves; structural response; accidental eccentricity; building codes and standards; design eccentricity; NBSIR 83-2727. dynamic loading; earthquake ground motions; pseudo-dynamic test; reinforced concrete building; seismic design; static loading tests; SP651; 1983 April. 440456. dynamic properties; field testing; geophysical; laboratory testing; resonant column test; shear modulus; wave velocities; damping;

SP658\ 1983 July. III-87-III-118. dynamic response; seismic hazard; unreinforced masonry; wood

diaphragms; analytical model; SP658\ 1983 July. VII-llO-VII-129. dynamic response analysis; ground motion; modeling; synthetic

earthquake motion; waveforms; SP658\ 1983 July. II-13-II-23. dynamic response analysis; pipe stresses; two-dimensional seismometer

array observation; wave propagation; deformation method; SP651;

1983 April. 242-258. dynamic soil properties; shear modulus; shear-strain testing of sand and clay; stress-strain soil behaviors; test procedures; damping

ratios; SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162. dynamic structural testing facilities; earthquakes; seismic behavior; SP651; 1983 April. 272-324. dynamic tests; frequency response functions; rockfiU dam models; SP651; 1983 April. 587-599. E

earthquake; bridge piers; concrete-filled steel tubes; SP651; 1983

April. 361-401. earthquake; FORTRAN; microcomputer; BASIC; COBOL; SP651;

1983 April. 402-415. earthquake acceleration-displacement analysis; reinforced concrete

structures; shaking table simulation; structural testing; SP658; 1983

47
July. III-29-III-40. earthquake accelerogram; frequency response functions; hydrodynamic pressure; arched gravity dam; dynamic analysis; SP658; 1983 July. VI-9-VI-43. earthquake codes; earthquake engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; building structures; NBSIR 82-2626. earthquake codes; earthquake engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; building structures; NBSIR 82-2589. earthquake damage; seaport damage characteristics; site liquefaction;

stability analysis; strong motion accelerograms; SP658; 1983 July. VII-79-VII-109. earthquake design; earthquake hazards research; geotechnical

engineering; seismic design standards; SP658; 1983 July. VIII- 23-VIII-27. earthquake detection; flood warning; tsunami prediction; tsunami

research; disaster warning; SP658; 1983 July. IX-l-IX-7. earthquake disaster; ground failure; slope steepness; artificial fill; disaster prevention; SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-VII-35. earthquake disasters; earthquake engineering; aseismatic building

techniques; SP651; 1983 April. 522-531. earthquake engineering; aseismatic building techniques; earthquake

disasters; SP651; 1983 April. 522-531. earthquake engineering; earthquake resistant structures; earthquakes;

ground motion; SP658; 1983 July. II-24-II-44. earthquake engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; NBSIR 82-2589. earthquake engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; NBSIR 82-2626. earthquake frequency characteristics; foundation structure response; ground surface accelerations; bridge-pier foundations; bridge

seismology; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III-86. earthquake ground motions; pseudo-dynamic test; reinforced concrete

building; seismic design; static loading tests; dynamic loading; SP651; 1983 April. 440456.

earthquake hazard mitigation; masonry buildings; mitigation; seismic hazards; SP658; 1983 July. VII-130-VII-142. earthquake hazard reduction; earthquake-resistant construction; National Bureau of Standards; seismic design; SP658; 1983 July. 15- 21. earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground

failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds;

accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; SP651. earthquake hazards research; geotechnical engineering; seismic design

standards; earthquake design; SP658; 1983 July. Vin-23-VIII-27.

earthquake history; ground motions; Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; subsoU conditions; SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61. earthquake mitigation; post-earthquake recovery activities; seismic

design; seismic safety; SP658\ 1983 July. 1-14. earthquake motions; hypocenters; seismic risk maps; seismic zoning;

disaster prediction; SP658; 1983 July. X-l-X-16. earthquake observation systems; simulation models; spectral analysis; transfer function; imderground amplitudes; SP658; 1983 July. II- 45-11-64. earthquake prediction; fault dynamics; seismic disaster parameters; SP658; 1983 July. II-1-II-12. earthquake-resistant construction; National Bureau of Standards;

seismic design; earthquake hazard reduction; SP658; 1983 July. 15- 21. earthquake-resistant dykes; river dyke damage; soil liquefaction; soil relationships; SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78. earthquake resistant structures; earthquakes; ground motion; earthquake engineering; SP658; 1983 July. II-24-II-44. earthquakes; economic damage; indirect effects; value-added; SP651;

1983 April. 565-586. earthquakes; force coefficients; horizontal acceleration and velocity; predictive equations; response spectra; comparison; SP651; 1983

April. 53-74. earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground failure; liquefaction;

pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering;

structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph;

codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; SP651.

earthquakes; ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards;

structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; SP658.

earthquakes; ground motion; earthquake engineering; earthquake

resistant structures; SP658; 1983 July. II-24-II-44. earthquakes; seismic behavior; dynamic structural testing facilities; SP651; 1983 April. 272-324. earthquakes; strong-motion arrays; structural response investigations; SP651; 1983 April. 617-654. earthquake sources; tsunami; tsunami behavior; tsunamigenic

earthquake; computer modeling; SP651; 1983 April. 507-521. earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake engineering; NBSIR 82-2626. earthquake standards; seismic design; trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake engineering; NBSIR 82-2589. earthquake, Urakawa-oki; civil engineering structures; damage;

SP651; 1983 April. 325-342. earth temperature; monthly floor heat loss; slab-on-grade floor; Delsante calculation; 22060.

earth temperature; slab-on-grade heat transfer; soil temperature; ASHRAE design values; building heat transfer; Delsante method;

555755. economic damage; indirect effects; value-added; earthquakes; SP651;

1983 April. 565-586. economic methods; evaluation guides; performance concept;

regulations; rehabilitation; research; research needs; test methods;

21944. El Centro Array; Imperial fault; Imperial Valley; aftershocks; SP651;

1983 April. 81-94. embankments; liquefaction; visco-elastic shear-beam analysis; SP651;

1983 April. 218-241. energy; heat pump water heaters; testing; test procedures; water

heaters; appliances; NBSIR 83-2723. energy; passive solar; solar contribution; solar fraction; storage

capacity; data base; NBS-GCR-81-341.

energy conservation; energy consumption; fuel usage records; tracking technique; weatherization retroflt; balance point temperature; computer graphics; degree days; NBSIR 83-2676. energy conservation; energy management and control systems; heating and cooling systems; optimum start/stop time; preheat time;

digital control systems; NBSIR 83-2720. energy conservation; fire tube boilers; heat transfer; boilers; computer

model; NBSIR 83-2638. energy conservation in buildings; European building research; field measurement of building energy use; passive solar heating; Switzerland; test method development; NBSIR 83-2724. energy consumption; fuel usage records; tracking technique; weatherization retrofit; balance point temperature; computer

graphics; degree days; energy conservation; NBSIR 83-2676.

energy-efficient lights; illumination; light source; safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual sensitivity; chromaticity; color; color appearance; NBSIR 83-2694. energy management; heating, ventilating and air conditioning

(HVAC); scheduled start/stop; time of day control; Building

Management and Control Systems (EMCS, BMCS); computer

control; control algorithms; control software; duty cycling; NBSIR

83-2713. energy management and control systems; heating and cooling

systems; optimum start/stop time; preheat time; digital control systems; energy conservation; NBSIR 83-2720. energy storage; heat transfer; passive solar component; solar energy;

test procedure; calorimeter; 22279. energy use; field test; home; ice cubes; ice-maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer; defrost; door-openings; NBSIR 83- 2653. engineering database management; structural engineering computer

programs; building codes and standards; building delivery process; building design process; computer-aided building design; computeraided design; computer-integrated construction; NBSIR 83-2671. engineering mechanics; failure; glass; loads (forces); probability theory; aerodynamics; buildings; deformation; BSS154.

engineering seismology; NEDRES; seismographic data; tsunamigenic

48
earthquakes; tsunamis; SP6S1; 1983 April. 426-432. ensemble averaging; reverberant sound field; reverberation room; sound absorption; architectural acoustics; decay rate; 21635. envelope thermal performance; infrared imaging; radiometers; thermal

bridges; thermographic surveys; tracer gas techniques; air infJtration rates; NBSIR 82-2605. environmental conditioning systems; air quality; archival storage;

criteria; design parameters; environmental conditions; environmental control; NBS-GCR-83-438.

environmental conditions; environmental control; environmental

conditioning systems; air quality; archival storage; criteria; design

parameters; NBS-GCR-83-438

environmental control; environmental conditioning systems; air quality; archival storage; criteria; design parameters; environmental

conditions; NBS-GCR-83-438

environmental pollution; highway noise; motor vehicle noise; noise; noise control; sound; traffic noise; transportation noise; acoustics; TN1113-3.

ergonomics; lighting; office automation; office design criteria; qualityof-life; space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display

terminal); work station; acoustic privacy; design criteria; NBSIR

83-2784-1. error analysis; guarded hot plate; thermal insulation; thermal

resistance; apparent thermal conductivity; NBSIR 83-2674. European building research; field measurement of building energy

use; passive solar heating; Switzerland; test method development; energy conservation in buildings; NBSIR 83-2724.

evaluation; nondestructive tests; ultrasonic tests; velocity; amplitude;

concretes; cracking (fracturing); 21851.

evaluation; performance; rehab; research; test methods; building; 21945. evaluation guides; performance concept; regulations; rehabilitation; research; research needs; test methods; economic methods; 21944. evaporator; expansion device; heat pump; modeling; vapor

compression cycle; air conditioner; capillary tube; coil; compressor;

condenser; BSS155.

exit symbols; fire safety; legibility; symbols; understandability;

visibility; visual alerting; NBSIR 83-2675. expansion device; heat pump; modeling; vapor compression cycle; air conditioner; capillary tube; coil; compressor; condenser;

evaporator; BSS155.

experimental performance; mathematical model; steady-state performance; absorption heat pump; ammonia-water; ARKLA

water chiller; NBSIR 82-2606

extreme values; short-term records; statistics; structural engineering;

wind forces; climatology; 21572. extreme winds; loads; structural engineering; wind (meteorology);

aerodynamics; climatology; 21839. F

failure; flat concrete plates; punching shear; shear strength; strength

analysis; structural analysis; buildings; concrete construction; 21617

failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; pimching shear; reinforced

concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings; collapse; compressive

strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs; 22062.

failure; glass; loads (forces); probability theory; aerodynamics;

buildings; deformation; engineering mechanics; BSS154.

falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork;

instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction standards; BSS146.

fan pressurization; field measurements; thermographic inspections; tracer gas technique; U-value tests; air infiltration; building

diagnostics; building thermal integrity; NBSIR 83-2768.

fatigue; masonry; shear; strain rate; walls; cracking; cyclic; NBSIR

83-2780.

fault dynamics; seismic disaster parameters; earthquake prediction;

SP658\ 1983 July. II-1-II-12. Federal buildings; field assessment; office buildings; performance

specification; post-occupancy evaluation; procurement; technical

innovation; building measurement; building systems; NBSIR 83- 2662. Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope

stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I

Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope

stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. II. fiber reinforced concrete; impact penetration resistance; ultrasonic; damage; 21736.

field assessment; office buildings; performance specification; post- occupancy evaluation; procurement; technical innovation; building measurement; building systems; Federal buildings; NBSIR 83-2662.

field measurement of building energy use; passive solar heating; Switzerland; test method development; energy conservation in buildings; European building research; NBSIR 83-2724.

field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork; instrumented

shores; load measurement; multistory construction; shored

construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction

loads; construction standards; falsework; BSS146.

field measurements; thermographic inspections; tracer gas technique; U-value tests; air infiltration; building diagnostics; building thermal

integrity; fan pressurization; NBSIR 83-2768.

field test; home; ice cubes; ice-maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer; defrost; door-openings; energy use; NBSIR 83-2653.

field testing; geophysical; laboratory testing; resonant column test; shear modulus; wave velocities; damping; dynamic properties; SP658; 1983 July. III-87-III-118.

field tests; heat flow; laboratory tests; soil moisture; soil tests; thermal

conductivity; thermal resistivity; Atterberg limit tests; 21669.

finite element models; guarded hot plate; low-density thick insulation; standard reference material; thickness effect; 22242.

fireproofing; insulation; regulations; structural steel; abatement of

asbestos; asbestos; buildings; NBSIR 83-2688.

fire-safety; internationally proposed symbols; International Organization for Standardization (ISO); modes of symbol

presentation; 21750.

fire safety; legibility; symbols; understandability; visibility; visual

alerting; exit symbols; NBSIR 83-2675.

fire tests; roofing fire resistance; roofing fire tests; solar collectors; 21777

fire tube boilers; heat transfer; boilers; computer model; energy

conservation; NBSIR 83-2638.

flat concrete plates; punching shear; shear strength; strength analysis; structural analysis; buildings; concrete construction; failure; 21617.

flat plate; floor slab; formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; BSS146.

floating solids; partially filled pipe flows; pipe flow with solids; plumbing drains; NBSIR 82-2614. flood warning; tsunami prediction; tsunami research; disaster warning;

earthquake detection; SP658; 1983 July. IX-l-IX-7.

floor response spectra; random vibration theory; response analyses; seismic design; SP651; 1983 April. 556-564.

floor slab; formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement;

multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; BSS146.

flow; force; hquid; model; momentum; partially-filled; pipe; solid; solid-liquid channel flow; steady; uniform; velocity; analysis; / Res.

88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

fly ash; reference sample; blended cement; cement; data base; 21717. foam; humidity; insulation; scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage; temperature; urea-formaldehyde; cellular structure; 21827.

force; liquid; model; momentum; partially-filled; pipe; soUd; solid- liquid channel flow; steady; uniform; velocity; analysis; flow; J. Res. 88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

force coefficients; horizontal acceleration and velocity; predictive

equations; response spectra; comparison; earthquakes; SP65r, 1983

April. 53-74. forecast and warning; hurricane; overland flooding; storm surge;

49
SP658; 1983 July. IX-25-IX-28.

forecasting; hurricane; storm surge; SP651; 1983 April. 538-540. form removal; high-rise buildings; punching shear; reinforced

concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings; collapse; compressive

strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs; failure; 22062. formwork; hydration; maturity; mortar; scheduling; temperature

effects; concrete; compressive strength; curing temperature; 21620. formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory

construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete

casting; construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; BSS146. FORTRAN; microcomputer; BASIC; COBOL; earthquake; SP651;

1983 April. 402-415.

fossil fuel heating systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas fueled; part-load performance; rating procedures; seasonal efficiency; annual efficiency; annual operating costs; boilers; NBSIR 83-2648. foundation design; housing construction; mine subsidence; mining

settlement; structural design; 22181. foundation structure response; ground surface accelerations; bridgepier foundations; bridge seismology; earthquake frequency

characteristics; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III-86. foundation tests; large scale testing; structures soUs; test facilities; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-l-VIII-22. frequency response functions; hydrodynamic pressure; arched gravity dam; dynamic analysis; earthquake accelerogram; SP658; 1983 July. VI-9-VI43.

frequency response functions; rockfill dam models; dynamic tests; SP651\ 1983 April. 587-599.

friction; post-tensioning; precast concrete; seismic response; shear

walls; dynamic analysis; SP658; 1983 July. 111-41 -III-64.

fuel usage records; tracking technique; weatherization retrofit; balance point temperature; computer graphics; degree days; energy

conservation; energy consumption; NBSIR 83-2676. functional damage; lifeline systems; Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-112. G

general adverse response to noise; noise measurement; sound;

acoustics; NBSIR 82-2610

geophysical; laboratory testing; resonant column test; shear modulus; wave velocities; damping; dynamic properties; field testing; SP658;

1983 July. 111-87-111-118. geotechnical engineering; ground failure; hquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design

criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; SP651.

geotechnical engineering; seismic design standards; earthquake design; earthquake hazards research; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-23-VIII-27.

glass; loads (forces); probability theory; aerodynamics; buildings; deformation; engineering mechanics; failure; BSS154.

gravel drains; liquefaction; SP651; 1983 April. 124-149. ground deformations; lifeline earthquake engineering; rupture failure; SP651; 1983 April. 259-271. ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards;

structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake

hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; SP651. ground failure; slope steepness; artificial fill; disaster prevention;

earthquake disaster; SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-VII-35. ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds;

accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; SP658. ground motion; earthquake engineering; earthquake resistant structures; earthquakes; SP658- 1983 July. II-24-II-44. ground motion; modeling; synthetic earthquake motion; waveforms; dynamic response analysis; SP658; 1983 July. II-13-II-23. ground motions; Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; subducting plate

actions; SP658; 1983 July. VII-1-VII.21. ground motions; Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; subsoil conditions; earthquake history; SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61. ground motions; wave propagation; dense instrument array;

differential motion; SP651; 1983 April. 95-123. ground surface accelerations; bridge-pier foundations; bridge

seismology; earthquake frequency characteristics; foundation

structure response; SP658; 1983 July. III-65-III-86. ground vibration; pore water pressure buildup; degree of saturation; SP651; 1983 April. 150-171. guarded hot plate; low-density thick insulation; standard reference

material; thickness effect; finite element models; 22242. guarded hot plate; thermal insulation; thermal resistance; apparent

thermal conductivity; error analysis; NBSIR 83-2674.

guardrails; occupancy safety; slips; trenching; buUding technology;

construction safety; 21801.

gust winds; high wind analysis; tall towers; wind turbulence spectrum; SP658; 1983 July. 1-3 1-1-45. guyed towers; ocean engineering; offshore platforms; structure dynamics; compliant platforms; NBS-GCR-83-443. H

hazard; pictogram; safety; signs; standards; symbols; visual alerting; warnings; communication; NBSIR 82-2485. hazard awareness; mitigation and preparedness measures; socioeconomic factors; SP658; 1983 July. VIII- 113-VIII- 120. hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; SP658.

heater shape; mounting pattern; roof pitch; roof shape; solar water

heaters; SP651; 1983 April. 34-52. heat flow; laboratory tests; soil moisture; soil tests; thermal

conductivity; thermal resistivity; Atterberg limit tests; field tests; 21669. heating and cooling systems; optimum start/stop time; preheat time;

digital control systems; energy conservation; energy management

and control systems; NBSIR 83-2720. heating loads; solar film; solar heat gain; window management;

building energy analysis; cooling loads; TNI174. heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC); scheduled

start/stop; time of day control; Building Management and Control Systems (EMCS, BMCS); computer control; control algorithms; control software; duty cycling; energy management; NBSIR 83- 2713. heat pump; modeling; vapor compression cycle; air conditioner;

capillary tube; coil; compressor; condenser; evaporator; expansion

device; BSS155.

heat pumps; refrigerant migration; central air conditioners; cyclic

testing; NBSIR 83-2756. heat pump water heaters; testing; test procedures; water heaters; appliances; energy; NBSIR 83-2723. heat transfer; boilers; computer model; energy conservation; fire tube

boilers; NBSIR 83-2638

heat transfer; passive solar component; solar energy; test procedure;

calorimeter; energy storage; 22279. heat transmission; infrared detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; roofing; temperature measuring instruments; thermal resistance; thermography; 21727.

high-rise buildings; punching shear; reinforced concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings; collapse; compressive strength; concrete

construction; concrete slabs; failure; form removal; 22062. highway noise; motor vehicle noise; noise; noise control; sound;

traffic noise; transportation noise; acoustics; environmental

pollution; TN1113-3.

high wind analysis; tall towers; wind turbulence spectrum; gust winds; SP658; 1983 July. 1-3 1-1-45. home; ice cubes; ice-maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer; defrost; door-openings; energy use; field test; NBSIR 83- 2653. horizontal acceleration and velocity; predictive equations; response

spectra; comparison; earthquakes; force coefficients; SP651; 1983

April. 53-74. housing construction; mine subsidence; mining settlement; structural design; foundation design; 22181. humidity; insulation; scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage;

50
temperature; urea-formaldehyde; cellular structure; foam; 21827. humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity

sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity;

saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew

point temperature; BSSI57.

humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor

calibration; sensor precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb

temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature; humidity generator; BSS157.

hurricane; ocean current; oil spill trajectory; storm surge; wind

forcing; wind models; SP658; 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24.

hurricane; overland flooding; storm surge; forecast and warning; SP658; 1983 July. IX-25-IX-28.

hurricane; storm surge; forecasting; SP651; 1983 April. 538-540. hurricanes; statistical analysis; structural engineering; wind

(meteorology); wind direction; building (codes); climatology;

21712. HVAC; building control strategies; building energy conservation;

building thermal performance; NBSIR 82-2489. HVAC system control; sensor error; building energy conservation;

building energy consumption; building temperature control; 21 701. HVAC systems; building control strategies; building energy

conservation; building thermal performance; NBSIR 83-2746. hybrid; passive; performance; solar; storage; thermal test; 21858.

hydration; inplace testing; maturity; mortar; strength; concrete; curing

temperature; 21625. hydration; maturity; mortar; scheduling; temperature effects; concrete; compressive strength; curing temperature; formwork;

21620. hydration; mechanisms; models; particle size; tricalcium silicate; water-to-cement radio; cement; 21692. hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature; age- strength relation; compression tests; compressive strength; concretes; cubes; curing; 22041. hydrodynamic pressure; arched gravity dam; dynamic analysis; earthquake accelerogram; frequency response functions; SP658;

1983 July. VI-9-V1-43. hydrodynamic response characteristics; composite breakwater; SP651; 1983 April. 193-217. hypocenters; seismic risk maps; seismic zoning; disaster prediction;

earthquake motions; SP658; 1983 July. X-l-X-16.

hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced concrete; seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; containment vessels; cracking;

dynamic analysis; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8.

I

ice cubes; ice-maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer;

defrost; door-openings; energy use; field test; home; NBSIR 83- 2653. ice-maker; refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer; defrost; dooropenings; energy use; field test; home; ice cubes; NBSIR 83-2653.

identification; tsunami research; coastal hazards; tsunamigenic

earthquake; SP651; 1983 April. 416-425.

illumination; light source; safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual

acuity; visual sensitivity; chromaticity; color; color appearance;

energy-efficient lights; NBSIR 83-2694. impact loadings; liquefaction; standard penetration tests; vibratory cone penetrometer; artificial vibration; SP651; 1983 April. 541-555. impact penetration resistance; ultrasonic; damage; fiber reinforced

concrete; 21736. Imperial fault; Imperial Valley; aftershocks; El Centro Array; SP65r,

1983 April. 81-94. Imperial Valley; aftershocks; El Centro Array; Imperial fault; SP651;

1983 April. 81-94. incremental expansion; shelter core; aseismic design; design problems; SP651; 1983 April. 532-537.

indirect effects; value-added; earthquakes; economic damage; SP651;

1983 April. 565-586.

infiltration; ventilation; building energy analysis; building heat

transfer; computer modeling; convection; NBSIR 83-2635.

infrared detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive

testing; roofing; temperature measuring instruments; thermal

resistance; thermography; heat transmission; 21727.

infrared imaging; radiometers; thermal bridges; thermographic

surveys; tracer gas techniques; air infiltration rates; envelope

thermal performance; NBSIR 82-2605.

infrared scanning systems; insulation voids; interpretation of thermograms; thermal deficiencies; thermographic inspections; weatherization retrofits; building heat losses; comparison of

inspections; NBSIR 82-2510. innovative building technologies; office building enclosures; office building structures; structures; building enclosure systems; building

structural systems; NBS-GCR-83-434

innovative venting; plumbing; plumbing renovation; rehabilitation; vents for plumbing; NBSIR 82-2602. inplace testing; maturity; mortar; strength; concrete; curing

temperature; hydration; 21625.

in-plane static reversing loads; planar wall assemblies; concrete

structures; SP651; 1983 April. 476-488. input waves; aseismic design; aseismic safety; dynamic analysis; SP651; 1983 April. 75-80. inspection; offshore structures; repair; research; structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop; arctic; concrete;

construction; design; NBSIR 83-2751. instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork; BSS146.

insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; roofing;

temperature measuring instruments; thermal resistance; thermography; heat transmission; infrared detection; 21727.

insulation; regulations; structural steel; abatement of asbestos; asbestos; buildings; fireproofing; NBSIR 83-2688.

insulation; scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage; temperature; urea-formaldehyde; cellular structure; foam; humidity; 21827.

insulation voids; interpretation of thermograms; thermal deficiencies; thermographic inspections; weatherization retrofits; building heat

losses; comparison of inspections; infrared scanning systems; NBSIR 82-2510

internationally proposed symbols; International Organization for Standardization (ISO); modes of symbol presentation; fire-safety; 21750.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO); modes of symbol presentation; fire-safety; internationally proposed symbols; 21750

interpretation of thermograms; thermal deficiencies; thermographic

inspections; weatherization retrofits; building heat losses; comparison of inspections; infrared scanning systems; insulation voids; NBSIR 82-2510

J

jacket loss; modulating control gas fueled; part-load performance;

rating procedures; seasonal efficiency; annual efficiency; annual

operating costs; boilers; fossil fuel heating systems; NBSIR 83-2648.

joint fasteners; roofing damage; structural performance; tension tests; universal fasteners; wooden roofs; SP658; 1983 July. VII-143-VII156. K

key words; publications; abstracts; building technology; Center for Building Technology; SP457-7. knowledge; productivity; architectural design; building performance;

building research; building technology; capital investment; 21696. L

laboratory performance; test precision; coefficient of variation; NBSIR 82-2631

51
laboratory testing; resonant column test; shear modulus; wave

velocities; damping; dynamic properties; field testing; geophysical; SP658; 1983 July. III-87-III-118.

" laboratory tests; soil moisture; soil tests; thermal conductivity; thermal

resistivity; Atterberg limit tests; field tests; heat flow; 21669. lapped splices; reinforced concrete; seismic design; spUces; testing; beams; bond; concrete; design; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28. large scale testing; structures soils; test facilities; foundation tests; SP6S8; 1983 July. VIII-l-VIII-22.

large-scale testing; U.S.-Japan Joint Earthquake Research Program;

wind and seismic effects; SP658; 1983 July. 23-45. leakage testing; pressurization; air leakage; airtightness; blower;

building diagnostics; doors; 22276.

legibility; symbols; understandability; visibihty; visual alerting; exit symbols; fire safety; NBSIR 83-2675.

letters; luminance; resolution, eye; signs; Snellen chart; stroke width;

visual acuity; visual angle; acuity, visual; angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing; TNI180.

lifeline earthquake engineering; rupture failure; ground deformations; SP651; 1983 April. 259-271.

lifeline systems; Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; functional damage;

SP658; 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-112.

lighting; office automation; office design criteria; quality-of-life; space

planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); work

station; acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics; NBSIR 83-

2784-1.

lighting control; microprocessor; window management; automatic

control; dayhghting; NBSIR 83-2728.

light source; safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual

sensitivity; chromaticity; color; color appearance; energy-efficient hghts; illumination; NBSIR 83-2694.

limit states; loads; masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete; 21618

limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reinforced

concrete; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); 21581.

limit states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); concrete (reinforced); design (buildings); 22167.

limit states; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); 21624.

limit states; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); 21591.

limit states design; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; brick masonry; buildings

(codes); concrete masonry; design; 21622.

limit states design; probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; timber construction; buildings

(codes); 21623

limit states design; probability theory; reliability; steels; structural engineering; beams; buildings (codes); columns; 21627.

liquefaction; gravel drains; SP651; 1983 April. 124-149.

liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds;

accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground failure; SP651.

liquefaction; sandy soils; strain levels; stress levels; cohesion in soil; SP658- 1983 July. II1-119-III-132.

liquefaction; standard penetration tests; vibratory cone penetrometer;

artificial vibration; impact loadings; SP651; 1983 April. 541-555.

liquefaction; visco-elastic shear-beam analysis; embankments; SP651;

1983 April. 218-241.

liquefaction potential; pore water pressure; soil liquefaction; SP651;

1983 April. 172-192.

liquid; model; momentum; partially-filled; pipe; solid; solid-liquid channel flow; steady; uniform; velocity; analysis; flow; force; /. Res. 88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of building air;

relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor

precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature; humidity generator; humidity

sensors; BSS157.

load calculation; building energy analysis; building heat transfer; computer modeling; NBSIR 83-2655. load-deformation characteristics; pile foundation; pUe heat; connecting method; SP651; 1983 April. 600-616. load measurement; multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork; instrumented shores; BSS146.

loads; masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete; limit states; 21618.

loads; probability theory; progressive collapse; reliability; structural engineering; abnormal loads; buildings (codes); design; 21832.

loads; probability theory; roofs; snow; statistical analysis; structural engineering; climatology; design (buildings); 21807.

loads; structural engineering; wind (meteorology); aerodynamics;

climatology; extreme winds; 21839. loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reinforced concrete;

reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; 21581.

loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reliability; standards;

statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); concrete (reinforced); design (buildings); limit states; 22167. loads (forces); probability theory; aerodynamics; buildings; deformation; engineering mechanics; failure; glass; BSS154.

loads (forces); probability theory; reUability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design

(buildings); 21649. loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design

(buildings); limit states; 21624. loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards;

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit

states; 21591. loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design

(buildings); 21621.

loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; brick masonry; buildings (codes); concrete masonry; design; limit states design; 21622. low-density thick insulation; standard reference material; thickness

effect; finite element models; guarded hot plate; 22242. low-sloped roofing; mathematical modeling; membranes; repair; research plan; roofs; standards; thermal insulations; SP659.

luminance; resolution, eye; signs; Snellen chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle; acuity, visual; angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing; letters; TNI180. M

masonry; probability theory; reinforced concrete; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); 21581. masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete; limit states; loads; 21618. masonry; probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis;

steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); concrete

(reinforced); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); 22167. masonry; shear; strain rate; walls; cracking; cyclic; fatigue; NBSIR

83-2780 masonry buildings; mitigation; seismic hazards; earthquake hazard

mitigation; SP658; 1983 July. VIM 30-VII-142. mathematical model; steady-state performance; absorption heat pump;

ammonia-water; ARKLA water chiller; experimental performance;

NBSIR 82-2606

mathematical modeling; membranes; repair; research plan; roofs;

52
standards; thermal insulations; low-sloped roofing; SP659.

maturity; mortar; scheduling; temperature effects; concrete; compressive strength; curing temperature; formwork; hydration;

21620.

maturity; mortar; strength; concrete; curing temperature; hydration;

inplace testing; 21625. measured hourly data; testing and verification; building energy

analysis program; data tape; NBSIR 81-2456. measurement and test methods; performance criteria; project summaries; technical bases; building research; building technology;

criteria; codes; SP446-7. mechanisms; models; particle size; tricalcium silicate; water-to-cement

radio; cement; hydration; 21692. membrane; methodology roofing service life; service-life testing; single-ply membranes; durability prediction; 21897. membranes; repair; research plan; roofs; standards; thermal

insulations; low-sloped roofing; mathematical modeling; SP659.

meteorological elements; tomadic cyclone; tornado elements; 1978 Tokyo tornado; SP658; 1983 July. I-1-I-15. methodology roofing service life; service-life testing; single-ply membranes; durability prediction; membrane; 21897. microcomputer; BASIC; COBOL; earthquake; FORTRAN; SP651\

1983 April. 402-415. microprocessor; window management; automatic control; daylighting;

lighting control; NBSIR 83-2728. mine subsidence; mining settlement; structural design; foundation

design; housing construction; 22181. minimum property standards; partially reinforced masonry;

residential; roof diaphragms; seismic resistance; shaking table tests; single-story; SP658; 1983 July. III-1-III-22. mining settlement; structural design; foundation design; housing

construction; mine subsidence; 22181.

mitigation; seismic hazards; earthquake hazard mitigation; masonry

buildings; SP658; 1983 July. VII-130-VII-142.

mitigation and preparedness measures; socioeconomic factors; hazard

awareness; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-113-VIII-120. Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; functional damage; lifeline systems; SP658- 1983 July. VIII-28-VIII-112. Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; subducting plate actions; ground

motions; SP658- 1983 July. VII-l-VII-21. Miyagi-Ken-Oki Earthquake; subsoil conditions; earthquake history; ground motions; SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61. model; momentum; partially-filled; pipe; solid; solid-liquid channel

flow; steady; uniform; velocity; analysis; flow; force; liquid; J. Res.

88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August, model code; noise control; noise impact; outdoor-indoor noise

isolation; acoustical design; benefit analysis; building codes; NBSIR

83-2680. modeling; synthetic earthquake motion; waveforms; dynamic response

analysis; ground motion; SP658; 1983 July. II-13-II-23. modeling; vapor compression cycle; air conditioner; capillary tube;

coil; compressor; condenser; evaporator; expansion device; heat pump; BSS155.

models; particle size; tricalcium silicate; water-to-cement radio; cement; hydration; mechanisms; 21692. modes of symbol presentation; fire-safety; internationally proposed

symbols; International Organization for Standardization (ISO); 21750

modifications for plumbing; plumbing; rehabilitation; vents in plumbing; 21871. modulating control gas fueled; part-load performance; rating procedures; seasonal efficiency; annual efficiency; annual operating

costs; boilers; fossil fuel heating systems; jacket loss; NBSIR 83-

2648. moisture content of building air; relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature; humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; BSS157.

moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; roofing; temperature

measuring instruments; thermal resistance; thermography; heat

transmission; infrared detection; insulation; 21727. momentum; partially-filled; pipe; solid; solid-liquid channel flow;

steady; uniform; velocity; analysis; flow; force; liquid; model: /

Res. 88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

monthly floor heat loss; slab-on-grade floor; Delsante calculation; earth temperature; 22060. mortar; scheduling; temperature effects; concrete; compressive

strength; curing temperature; formwork; hydration; maturity; 21620. mortar; strength; concrete; curing temperature; hydration; inplace

testing; maturity; 21625. mortars (material); setting (hardening); temperature; age-strength

relation; compression tests; compressive strength; concretes; cubes;

curing; hydration; 22041. motor vehicle noise; noise; noise control; sound; traffic noise; transportation noise; acoustics; environmental pollution; highway

noise; TN1113-3. mounting pattern; roof pitch; roof shape; solar water heaters; heater

shape; SP651; 1983 April. 34-52. multistory construction; shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork;

instrumented shores; load measurement; BSS146. N

National Bureau of Standards; seismic design; earthquake hazard

reduction; earthquake-resistant construction; SP658; 1983 July. 15-

21. NEDRES; seismographic data; tsunamigenic earthquakes; tsunamis; engineering seismology; SP651; 1983 April. 426-432.

noise; noise control; sound; traffic noise; transportation noise; acoustics; environmental pollution; highway noise; motor vehicle

noise; TN1113-3.

noise control; noise impact; outdoor-indoor noise isolation; acoustical

design; benefit analysis; building codes; model code; NBSIR 83-

2680. noise control; sound; traffic noise; transportation noise; acoustics; environmental pollution; highway noise; motor vehicle noise; noise; TN1113-3.

noise impact; outdoor-indoor noise isolation; acoustical design; benefit

analysis; building codes; model code; noise control; NBSIR 83- 2680.

noise insulation; architectural acoustics; constrained optimization; construction cost; cost minimization; 22046.

noise measurement; sound; acoustics; general adverse response to

noise; NBSIR 82-2610

nondestructive testing; roofing; temperature measuring instruments; thermal resistance; thermography; heat transmission; infrared

detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; 21 727. nondestructive tests; ultrasonic tests; velocity; amplitude; concretes; cracking (fracturing); evaluation; 21851. nonlinear behavior; static and dynamic response; cable stayed bridges; SP651; 1983 April. 343-360. nuclear structures; reinforced concrete; seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; containment vessels; cracking; dynamic analysis; hysteresis; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-S. o

occupancy safety; slips; trenching; building technology; construction

safety; guardrails; 21801. occupational safety; perimeter nets; safety nets; construction; construction safety; NBSIR 83-2709. ocean current; oil spill trajectory; storm surge; wind forcing; wind

models; hurricane; SP658; 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24. ocean engineering; offshore platforms; structural engineering; tension

leg platforms; turbulence; waves; wind loads; compliant platforms; 555757. ocean engineering; offshore platforms; structure dynamics; compliant

platforms; guyed towers; NBS-GCR-83-443.

office automation; office design criteria; quality-of-life; space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); work station; acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics; lighting; NBSIR 83-

2784-1.

53
office building enclosures; office building structures; structures; building enclosure systems; building structural systems; innovative

building technologies; NBS-GCR-83-434.

office buildings; performance specification; post-occupancy

evaluation; procurement; technical innovation; building measurement; building systems; Federal buildings; field assessment; NBSIR 83-2662.

office building structures; structures; building enclosure systems; building structural systems; innovative building technologies; office building enclosures; NBS-GCR-83-434.

office design criteria; quality-of-life; space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); work station; acoustic privacy;

design criteria; ergonomics; lighting; office automation; NBSIR 83-

2784-1. offshore platforms; structural engineering; tension leg platforms; turbulence; waves; wind loads; compliant platforms; ocean

engineering; BSS151.

offshore platforms; structure dynamics; compliant platforms; guyed

towers; ocean engineering; NBS-GCR-83-443.

offshore structures; repair; research; structural engineering;

technology assessment; workshop; arctic; concrete; construction;

design; inspection; NBSIR 83-2751.

oil spill trajectory; storm surge; wind forcing; wind models;

hurricane; ocean current; SP658; 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24.

operative temperature; passive solar test facility; solar radiation; thermal comfort; ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55-1981; black globe

temperature; comfort envelope; direct gain room; NBSIR 82-2621

(DoE). optimum start/stop time; preheat time; digital control systems; energy

conservation; energy management and control systems; heating and

cooling systems; NBSIR 83-2720. outdoor-indoor noise isolation; acoustical design; benefit analysis; building codes; model code; noise control; noise impact; NBSIR

83-2680. overland flooding; storm surge; forecast and warning; hurricane; SP658; 1983 July. IX-25-IX-28. P

parametric study; seismic waves; structural response; accidental

eccentricity; building codes and standards; design eccentricity; dynamic eccentricity; NBSIR 83-2727.

partially-filled; pipe; solid; solid-liquid channel flow; steady; uniform;

velocity; analysis; flow; force; liquid; model; momentum; / Res.

88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; solid transport in pipes; unsteady

pipe flow; wave attenuation; drains; 21857.

partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; soUd transport in pipes; unsteady

pipe flow; drains; 21853.

partially filled pipe flows; pipe flow with solids; plumbing drains; floating solids; NBSIR 82-2614.

partially reinforced masonry; residential; roof diaphragms; seismic

resistance; shaking table tests; single-story; minimum property

standards; SP658; 1983 July. I1I-1-III-22. particle size; tricalcium silicate; water-to-cement radio; cement;

hydration; mechanisms; models; 21692.

part-load performance; rating procedures; seasonal efficiency; annual

efficiency; annual operating costs; boilers; fossil fuel heating

systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas fueled; NBSIR 83- 2648

passive; performance; solar; storage; thermal test; hybrid; 21858.

passive solar; solar contribution; solar fraction; storage capacity; data

base; energy; NBS-GCR-81-341. passive solar buildings; pressurization; tracer gas; air infiltration; air tightness; building diagnostics; building tightness; 21805.

passive solar component; solar energy; test procedure; calorimeter; energy storage; heat transfer; 22279.

passive solar heating; Switzerland; test method development; energy

conservation in buildings; European building research; field measurement of building energy use; NBSIR 83-2724. passive solar test facility; solar radiation; thermal comfort; ASHRAE

Comfort Standard 55-1981; black globe temperature; comfort

envelope; direct gain room; operative temperature; NBSIR 82-2621

(DoE). performance; rehab; research; test methods; building; evaluation; 21945. performance; solar; storage; thermal test; hybrid; passive; 21858. performance concept; regulations; rehabilitation; research; research

needs; test methods; economic methods; evaluation guides; 21944. performance criteria; project summaries; technical bases; building

research; building technology; criteria; codes; measurement and test methods; SP446-7. performance specification; post-occupancy evaluation; procurement;

technical innovation; building measurement; building systems; Federal buildings; field assessment; office buildings; NBSIR 83- 2662. perimeter nets; safety nets; construction; construction safety; occupational safety; NBSIR 83-2709. pictogram; safety; signs; standards; symbols; visual alerting; warnings; communication; hazard; NBSIR 82-2485.

pile foundation; pile heat; connecting method; load-deformation

characteristics; SP651; 1983 April. 600-616.

pile heat; connecting method; load-deformation characteristics; pile foundation; SP651; 1983 April. 600-616.

pipe; solid; solid-liquid channel flow; steady; uniform; velocity;

analysis; flow; force; liquid; model; momentum; partially-filled; /. Res. 88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

pipe flow with solids; plumbing drains; floating solids; partially filled pipe flows; NBSIR 82-2614.

pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design

criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical

engineering; ground failure; liquefaction; SP651.

pipe stresses; two-dimensional seismometer array observation; wave

propagation; deformation method; dynamic response analysis; SP651; 1983 April. 242-258. planar wall assemblies; concrete structures; in-plane static reversing

loads; SP651; 1983 April. 476-488.

plaster ceilings; seismic forces; T-bar ceilings; anchorage; applied

ceilings; SP658; 1983 July. X-17-X-38. plumbing; plumbing renovation; rehabilitation; vents for plumbing;

innovative venting; NBSIR 82-2602. plumbing; rehabilitation; vents in plumbing; modifications for plumbing; 21871. plumbing; showerheads; water conservation; water supply devices; NBSIR 82-2630

plumbing; solid transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow; drains;

partially filled pipe flow; 21853. plumbing; solid transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow; wave

attenuation; drains; partially filled pipe flow; 21857. plumbing drains; floating solids; partially filled pipe flows; pipe flow

with solids; NBSIR 82-2614. plumbing renovation; rehabilitation; vents for plumbing; innovative

venting; plumbing; NBSIR 82-2602. pore water pressure; soil liquefaction; liquefaction potential; SP651;

1983 April. 172-192. pore water pressure buildup; degree of saturation; ground vibration; SP651; 1983 April. 150-171. post-earthquake recovery activities; seismic design; seismic safety; earthquake mitigation; SP658; 1983 July. 1-14. post-occupancy evaluation; procurement; technical innovation; building measurement; building systems; Federal buildings; field assessment; office buildings; performance specification; NBSIR 83- 2662.

post-tensioning; precast concrete; seismic response; shear walls; dynamic analysis; friction; SP658; 1983 July. III-41-III-64. precast concrete; seismic response; shear walls; dynamic analysis;

friction; post-tensioning; SP658; 1983 July. III-41-III-64. predictive equations; response spectra; comparison; earthquakes; force

coefficients; horizontal acceleration and velocity; SP651; 1983

April. 53-74. preheat time; digital control systems; energy conservation; energy management and control systems; heating and cooling systems; optimum start/stop time; NBSIR 83-2720.

54
pressurization; air leakage; airtightness; blower; buUding diagnostics; doors; leakage testing; 22276.

pressurization; records storage; ventilation; air exchange rate; archives; building envelope infiltration; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

pressurization; tracer gas; air infiltration; air tightness; building

diagnostics; building tightness; passive solar buildings; 21805.

probability distribution functions; statistical analysis; storms; structural engineering; wind pressure; wind speeds; building (codes); SP658;

1983 July. I-16-I-30. probability theory; aerodynamics; buildings; deformation; engineering mechanics; failure; glass; loads (forces); BSS154.

probability theory; progressive collapse; reliability; structural engineering; abnormal loads; buildings (codes); design; loads; 21832.

probability theory; reinforced concrete; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry;

21581.

probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards;

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads

(forces); 21649.

probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards;

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit

states; loads (forces); 21624.

probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength

designs; structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design

(structures); concrete; limit states; loads; masonry; 21618.

probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads

(forces); 21591.

probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); concrete (reinforced); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry; 22167.

probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; timber construction; buildings (codes); limit states design; 21623.

probability theory; rehability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); 21621.

probability theory; reliability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; brick masonry; buildings (codes); concrete masonry;

design; limit states design; loads (forces); 21622.

probability theory; reliability; steels; structural engineering; beams;

buildings (codes); columns; limit states design; 21627.

probability theory; roofs; snow; statistical analysis; structural engineering; climatology; design (buildings); loads; 21807. procurement; technical innovation; building measurement; building

systems; Federal buildings; field assessment; office buildings; performance specification; post-occupancy evaluation; NBSIR 83- 2662.

productivity; architectural design; building performance; building

research; building technology; capital investment; knowledge;

21696. progressive collapse; reliability; structural engineering; abnormal

loads; buildings (codes); design; loads; probability theory; 21832.

project summaries; technical bases; building research; building

technology; criteria; codes; measurement and test methods; performance criteria; SP446-7. pseudo-dynamic test; reinforced concrete building; SP651; 1983 April. 457475. pseudo-dynamic test; reinforced concrete building; seismic design;

static loading tests; dynamic loading; earthquake ground motions; SP651; 1983 April. 440456. pseudo-dynamic tests; seismic experiments; static tests; steel buildings; SP651; 1983 April. 489-506. pubhcations; abstracts; building technology; Center for Building

Technology; key words; SP457-7. punching shear; reinforced concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings;

collapse; compressive strength; concrete construction; concrete

slabs; failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; 22062. punching shear; shear strength; strength analysis; structural analysis; buildings; concrete construction; failure; flat concrete plates; 21617.

Q

quality-of-life; space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display

terminal); work station; acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics; hghting; office automation; office design criteria; NBSIR 83-2784-1. R

radiometers; thermal bridges; thermographic surveys; tracer gas

techniques; air infiltration rates; envelope thermal performance;

infrared imaging; NBSIR 82-2605. random vibration theory; response analyses; seismic design; floor response spectra; SP651; 1983 April. 556-564.

rating procedures; seasonal efficiency; annual efficiency; annual

operating costs; boilers; fossil fuel heating systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas fueled; part-load performance; NBSIR 83- 2648

recommended practice; service life; accelerated tests; building

components; building materials; durability; durability prediction; 21907. records storage; ventilation; air exchange rate; archives; building

envelope infiltration; pressurization; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSA).

reference sample; blended cement; cement; data base; fly ash; 21717.

refrigerant migration; central air conditioners; cyclic testing; heat pumps; NBSIR 83-2756

refrigerator; refrigerator-freezer; consumer; defrost; door-openings; energy use; field test; home; ice cubes; ice-maker; NBSIR 83-2653.

refrigerator-freezer; consumer; defrost; door-openings; energy use;

field test; home; ice cubes; ice-maker; refrigerator; NBSIR 83-2653.

regulations; rehabilitation; research; research needs; test methods; economic methods; evaluation guides; performance concept; 21944.

regulations; structural steel; abatement of asbestos; asbestos; buildings; fireproofmg; insulation; NBSIR 83-2688. rehab; research; test methods; building; evaluation; performance; 21945

rehabilitation; research; research needs; test methods; economic

methods; evaluation guides; performance concept; regulations; 21944

rehabilitation; vents for plumbing; innovative venting; plumbing;

plumbing renovation; NBSIR 82-2602.

rehabilitation; vents in plumbing; modifications for plumbing;

plumbing; 21871. reinforced concrete; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit

states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; 21581. reinforced concrete; seismic design; splices; testing; beams; bond;

concrete; design; lapped spUces; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28. reinforced concrete; seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; containment vessels; cracking; dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear

structures; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8.

reinforced concrete; shear stress; apartment buildings; collapse; compressive strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs; failure; form removal; high-rise buildings; punching shear; 22062. reinforced concrete building; pseudo-dynamic test; SP651; 1983 April. 457475.

reinforced concrete building; seismic design; static loading tests; dynamic loading; earthquake ground motions; pseudo-dynamic test; SP651; 1983 April. 440456.

reinforced concrete structures; shaking table simulation; structural

testing; earthquake acceleration-displacement analysis; SP658; 1983

July. III-29-III-40. reinforcement details; concrete test specimen; construction practices; SP651; 1983 April. 433439.

relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor

precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature; humidity generator; humidity

sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of

building air; BSS157

reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads

(forces); masonry; probability theory; reinforced concrete; 21581.

55
reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering;

buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory; 21649.

reliability; safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering;

buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory; 21624.

reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete;

limit states; loads; masonry; probability theory; 21618.

reliability; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probabihty

theory; 21591.

reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; structural engineering;

buildings (codes); concrete (reinforced); design (buildings); limit

states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; 22167.

rehability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering;

buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability

theory; 21621.

rehability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; timber

construction; buildings (codes); limit states design; probability

theory; 21623.

rehability; statistical analysis; structural engineering; brick masonry;

buildings (codes); concrete masonry; design; limit states design; loads (forces); probability theory; 21622.

reliability; steels; structural engineering; beams; buildings (codes); columns; limit states design; probability theory; 21627.

reliability; structural engineering; abnormal loads; buildings (codes); design; loads; probability theory; progressive collapse; 21832.

repair; research; structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop; arctic; concrete; construction; design; inspection; offshore structures; NBSIR 83-2751.

repair; research plan; roofs; standards; thermal insulations; low-sloped

roofing; mathematical modeling; membranes; SP659.

research; research needs; test methods; economic methods; evaluation

guides; performance concept; regulations; rehabilitation; 21944.

research; structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop;

arctic; concrete; construction; design; inspection; offshore

structures; repair; NBSIR 83-2751.

research; test methods; building; evaluation; performance; rehab; 21945. research needs; test methods; economic methods; evaluation guides;

performance concept; regulations; rehabilitation; research; 21944. research plan; roofs; standards; thermal insulations; low-sloped

roofing; mathematical modeling; membranes; repair; SP659.

residential; roof diaphragms; seismic resistance; shaking table tests; single-story; minimum property standards; partially reinforced masonry; SP658; 1983 July. III-1-III-22. resolution, eye; signs; Snellen chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle; acuity, visual; angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing;

letters; luminance; TNI180. resonant column; round robin tests; shear modulus; soil dynamics; test methods; torsional vibrations; damping; NBSIR 82-2568. resonant column test; shear modulus; wave velocities; damping;

dynamic properties; field testing; geophysical; laboratory testing; SP658; 1983 July. III-87-IIM18.

response analyses; seismic design; floor response spectra; random

vibration theory; SP651; 1983 April. 556-564. response spectra; comparison; earthquakes; force coefficients; horizontal acceleration and velocity; predictive equations; SP651;

1983 April. 53-74. retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification;

soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations;

construction; Federal regulations; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. IL

retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification;

soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations;

construction; Federal regulations; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I. reverberant sound field; reverberation room; sound absorption;

architectural acoustics; decay rate; ensemble averaging; 21635. reverberation room; sound absorption; architectural acoustics; decay

rate; ensemble averaging; reverljerant sound field; 21635.

river dyke damage; soil liquefaction; soil relationships; earthquakeresistant dykes; SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78.

rockfill dam models; dynamic tests; frequency response functions; SP651; 1983 April. 587-599. roof diaphragms; seismic resistance; shaking table tests; single-story; minimum property standards; partially reinforced masonry;

residential; SP658; 1983 July. III-1-III-22. roofing; temperature measuring instruments; thermal resistance; thermography; heat transmission; infrared detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; 21727. roofing damage; structural performance; tension tests; universal

fasteners; wooden roofs; joint fasteners; SP658; 1983 July. VII143-VII-156.

roofing fire resistance; roofing fu-e tests; solar collectors; fire tests; 27777. roofing fire tests; solar collectors; fire tests; roofing fire resistance; 21777

roof pitch; roof shape; solar water heaters; heater shape; mounting

pattern; SP651; 1983 April. 34-52.

roofs; snow; statistical analysis; structural engineering; climatology;

design (buildings); loads; probability theory; 21807.

roofs; standards; thermal insulations; low-sloped roofing; mathematical

modeling; membranes; repair; research plan; SP659. roof shape; solar water heaters; heater shape; mounting pattern; roof

pitch; SP651; 1983 April. 34-52. room temperature control; temperature controller; thermostat

evaluation; thermostat modeling; thermostat test; two-position

control; BSS150. round robin tests; shear modulus; soil dynamics; test methods;

torsional vibrations; damping; resonant column; NBSIR 82-2568. rupture failure; ground deformations; lifeline earthquake engineering;

SP651\ 1983 April. 259-271.

s

safety; safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual sensitivity; chromaticity; color; color appearance; energy-efficient hghts;

illumination; light source; NBSIR 83-2694.

safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal

regulations; retaining structures; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. II. safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal

regulations; retaining structures; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol I. safety; signs; standards; symbols; visual alerting; warnings; communication; hazard; pictogram; NBSIR 82-2485.

safety; specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry;

probability theory; reinforced concrete; reliability; 21581.

safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability

theory; reliability; 21624.

safety; specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory;

rehability; 21649

safety nets; construction; construction safety; occupational safety; perimeter nets; NBSIR 83-2709.

safety sign; safety symbols; visual acuity; visual sensitivity; chromaticity; color; color appearance; energy-efficient lights; illumination; hght source; safety; NBSIR 83-2694.

safety symbols; visual acuity; visual sensitivity; chromaticity; color; color appearance; energy-efficient lights; illumination; light source;

safety; safety sign; NBSIR 83-2694 sandy soils; strain levels; stress levels; cohesion in soil; liquefaction; SP658; 1983 July. III-119-III-132. saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew

point temperature; humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity; BSS157.

scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage; temperature; urea- formaldehyde; cellular structure; foam; humidity; insulation; 21827. scheduled start/stop; time of day control; Building Management and

Control Systems (EMCS, BMCS); computer control; control

56
algorithms; control software; duty cycling; energy management;

heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC); NBSIR 83-2713. scheduling; temperature effects; concrete; compressive strength; curing temperature; formwork; hydration; maturity; mortar; 21620. seaport damage characteristics; site liquefaction; stability analysis; strong motion accelerograms; earthquake damage; SP658; 1983

July. VII-79-VII-109.

seasonal efficiency; annual efficiency; annual operating costs; boilers;

fossil fuel heating systems; jacket loss; modulating control gas

fueled; part-load performance; rating procedures; NBSIR 83-2648. seawall protection; tsunami breakwaters; tsunami prediction; disaster planning; SP658- 1983 July. IX-29-IX-37.

seismic behavior; dynamic structural testing facilities; earthquakes; SP651; 1983 April. 272-324. seismic design; bridges; design guidelines; SP658; 1983 July. V-l-V-5.

seismic design; earthquake hazard reduction; earthquake-resistant construction; National Bureau of Standards; SP658; 1983 July. 15- 21. seismic design; floor response spectra; random vibration theory; response analyses; SP651; 1983 April. 556-564. seismic design; seismic safety; earthquake mitigation; post-earthquake recovery activities; SP658; 1983 July. 1-14. seismic design; splices; testing; beams; bond; concrete; design; lapped

splices; reinforced concrete; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28. seismic design; static loading tests; dynamic loading; earthquake

ground motions; pseudo-dynamic test; reinforced concrete building; SP651; 1983 April. 440-456. seismic design; trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake engineering; earthquake standards; NBSIR 82-2589. seismic design; trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake engineering; earthquake standards; NBSIR 82-2626. seismic design standards; earthquake design; earthquake hazards

research; geotechnical engineering; SP658; 1983 July. VIII23-VIII-27.

seismic disaster parameters; earthquake prediction; fault dynamics;

SP658; 1983 July. II-1-II-12. seismic effects; shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; containment vessels; cracking; dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced concrete; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8.

seismic experiments; static tests; steel buildings; pseudo-dynamic tests; SP651; 1983 April. 489-506.

seismic forces; T-bar ceihngs; anchorage; applied ceilings; plaster

ceilings; SP658; 1983 July. X-17-X-38.

seismic hazard; unreinforced masonry; wood diaphragms; analytical model; dynamic response; SP658; 1983 July. VII-1 lO-VII-129.

seismic hazards; earthquake hazard mitigation; masonry buildings; mitigation; SP658; 1983 July. VII-130-VII-142.

seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design

criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical

engineering; ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; SP651.

seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards; SP658

seismic resistance; shaking table tests; single-story; minimum property

standards; partially reinforced masonry; residential; roof diaphragms; SP658; 1983 July. III-1-III-22. seismic response; shear walls; dynamic analysis; friction; post- tensioning; precast concrete; SP658; 1983 July. III-41-III-64. seismic risk maps; seismic zoning; disaster prediction; earthquake

motions; hypocenters; SP658; 1983 July. X-l-X-16.

seismic safety; earthquake mitigation; post-earthquake recovery

activities; seismic design; SP658; 1983 July. 1-14. seismic waves; structural response; accidental eccentricity; building codes and standards; design eccentricity; dynamic eccentricity; parametric study; NBSIR 83-2727. seismic zoning; disaster prediction; earthquake motions; hypocenters;

seismic risk maps; SP658; 1983 July. X-l-X-16.

seismographic data; tsunamigenic earthquakes; tsunamis; engineering

seismology; NEDRES; SP651; 1983 April. 426-432. sensor calibration; sensor precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb

temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature;

humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity

sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity;

saturated salt solutions; BSS157.

sensor error; building energy conservation; building energy

consumption; buUding temperature control; HVAC system control; 21701

sensor precision; specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature; humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture

content of building air; relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; BSS157.

service life; accelerated tests; building components; building materials;

durability; durability prediction; recommended practice; 21907.

service-life testing; single-ply membranes; durability prediction; membrane; methodology roofing service life; 21897.

setting (hardening); temperature; age-strength relation; compression

tests; compressive strength; concretes; cubes; curing; hydration; mortars (material); 22041. shaking table simulation; structural testing; earthquake acceleration- displacement analysis; reinforced concrete structures; SP658; 1983

July. III-29-III-40. shaking table tests; single-story; minimum property standards; partially reinforced masonry; residential; roof diaphragms; seismic resistance; SP658- 1983 July. III-1-III-22. shear; stiffness; testing; concrete; containment vessels; cracking;

dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced

concrete; seismic effects; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8.

shear; strain rate; walls; cracking; cyclic; fatigue; masonry; NBSIR

83-2780

shear modulus; shear-strain testing of sand and clay; stress-strain soil behaviors; test procedures; damping ratios; dynamic soil properties; SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162. shear modulus; soil dynamics; test methods; torsional vibrations; damping; resonant column; round robin tests; NBSIR 82-2568. shear modulus; wave velocities; damping; dynamic properties; field testing; geophysical; laboratory testing; resonant column test; SP658; 1983 July. III-87-IIM 18. shear-strain testing of sand and clay; stress-strain soil behaviors; test procedures; damping ratios; dynamic soil properties; shear modulus;

SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162. shear strength; strength analysis; structural analysis; buildings; concrete construction; failure; flat concrete plates; punching shear; 21617

shear stress; apartment buildings; collapse; compressive strength; concrete construction; concrete slabs; failure; form removal; highrise buildings; punching shear; reinforced concrete; 22062. shear walls; dynamic analysis; friction; post-tensioning; precast concrete; seismic response; SP658; 1983 July. III-41-III-64. shelter core; aseismic design; design problems; incremental expansion; SP651; 1983 April. 532-537. shored construction; concrete buildings; concrete casting; construction loads; construction standards; falsework; field measurements; flat plate; floor slab; formwork; instrumented shores; load measurement; multistory construction; BSS146.

shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. 11

shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I

short-term records; statistics; structural engineering; wind forces; ^ climatology; extreme values; 21572. showerheads; water conservation; water supply devices; plumbing;

NBSIR 82-2630

shrinkage; temperature; urea-formaldehyde; cellular structure; foam;

humidity; insulation; scanning electron microscopy; 21827.

signs; Snellen chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle; acuity,

visual; angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing; letters; luminance;

resolution, eye; TNI180.

signs; standards; symbols; visual alerting; warnings; communication;

hazard; pictogram; safety; NBSIR 82-2485. simulation models; spectral analysis; transfer function; underground

amplitudes; earthquake observation systems: SP658; 1983 July. II57
45-11-64.

single-ply membranes; durability prediction; membrane; methodology

roofing service life; service-life testing; 21897.

single-story; minimum property standards; partially reinforced masonry; residential; roof diaphragms; seismic resistance; shaking

table tests; SP658; 1983 July. III-1-III-22.

site liquefaction; stability analysis; strong motion accelerograms;

earthquake damage; seaport damage characteristics; SP658; 1983

July. VII-79-VII-109.

skylight performance; window performance; building computer

simulation; building energy performance; clerestory performance;

daylighting; BSS152.

skylights; windows; building energy analysis; clerestories; daylighting;

NBSIR 83-2726. slab-on-grade floor; Delsante calculation; earth temperature; monthly

floor heat loss; 22060.

slab-on-grade heat transfer; soil temperature; ASHRAE design values; building heat transfer; Delsante method; earth temperature; BSS156.

slips; trenching; building technology; construction safety; guardrails; occupancy safety; 21801.

slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining

structures; safety; shoring; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I. slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining

structures; safety; shoring; NBSIR 83-2693. Vol. II

slope steepness; artificial fill; disaster prevention; earthquake disaster; ground failure; SP658; 1983 July. VII-22-VII-35.

Snellen chart; stroke width; visual acuity; visual angle; acuity, visual; angle, visual; contrast; distance, viewing; letters; luminance;

resolution, eye; signs; TNI180. snow; statistical analysis; structural engineering; climatology; design

(buildings); loads; probability theory; roofs; 21807. socioeconomic factors; hazard awareness; mitigation and preparedness

measures; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-1 13-VIIM20.

soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced

excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures;

safety; shoring; slope stability; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. IL

soil classification; soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced

excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures;

safety; shoring; slope stability; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. L

soil dynamics; test methods; torsional vibrations; damping; resonant column; round robin tests; shear modulus; NBSIR 82-2568.

soil liquefaction; liquefaction potential; pore water pressure; SP651;

1983 April. 172-192.

soil liquefaction; soil relationships; earthquake-resistant dykes; river dyke damage; SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78.

soil mechanics; thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; transmission

lines; design; 21629.

soil moisture; soil tests; thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; Atterberg limit tests; field tests; heat flow; laboratory tests; 21669.

soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope

stability; soil classification; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I

soil pressures; standards; trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope

stability; soil classification; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. 11

soil relationships; earthquake-resistant dykes; river dyke damage; soil liquefaction; SP658; 1983 July. VII-62-VII-78.

soil temperature; ASHRAE design values; building heat transfer; Delsante method; earth temperature; slab-on-grade heat transfer; BSS156.

soil tests; thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; Atterberg limit

tests; field tests; heat flow; laboratory tests; soil moisture; 21669.

solar; storage; thermal test; hybrid; passive; performance; 21858.

solar collectors; fire tests; roofing fire resistance; roofing fire tests; 2177Z

solar contribution; solar fraction; storage capacity; data base; energy;

passive solar; NBS-GCR-81-341.

solar energy; test procedure; calorimeter; energy storage; heat

transfer; passive solar component; 22279.

solar film; solar heat gain; window management; building energy

analysis; cooling loads; heating loads; TNI174. solar fraction; storage capacity; data base; energy; passive solar; solar contribution; NBS-GCR-81-341.

solar heat gain; window management; building energy analysis; cooling loads; heating loads; solar film; TNI174. solar radiation; thermal comfort; ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55- 1981; black globe temperature; comfort envelope; direct gain room;

operative temperature; passive solar test facility; NBSIR 82-2621

(DoE).

solar water heaters; heater shape; mounting pattern; roof pitch; roof

shape; SP651; 1983 April. 34-52.

solid; solid-liquid channel flow; steady; uniform; velocity; analysis; flow; force; liquid; model; momentum; partially-filled; pipe; /. Res.

88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

solidity; trussed-girders; aerodynamic forces; SP651; 1983 April. 1-19. solid-liquid channel flow; steady; jmiform; velocity; analysis; flow;

force; liquid; model; momentum; partially-filled; pipe; solid; / Res.

88(4): 261-288; 1983 July-August,

solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground

failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; SP651.

solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards; seismicity; SP658.

solid transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow; drains; partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; 21853.

solid transport in pipes; unsteady pipe flow; wave attenuation; drains;

partially filled pipe flow; plumbing; 21857. sound; acoustics; general adverse response to noise; noise measurement; NBSIR 82-2610. sound; traffic noise; transportation noise; acoustics; environmental

pollution; highway noise; motor vehicle noise; noise; noise control; TN1113-3. sound absorption; architectural acoustics; decay rate; ensemble

averaging; reverberant sound field; reverberation room; 21635. space planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); work station; acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics; lighting; office automation; office design criteria; quality-of-life; NBSIR 83-

2784-1.

specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete;

limit states; loads; masonry; probability theory; reliabUity; 21618.

specifications; standards; steel; structural engineering; buildings

(codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); masonry;

probability theory; reinforced concrete; reliability; safety; 21581.

specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory;

reliability; safety; 21624.

specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit states; loads (forces); probability theory;

reliability; 21591.

specifications; standards; structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; 21649.

specific humidity; wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer;

dew point temperature; humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor

precision; BSS157.

spectral analysis; transfer function; underground amplitudes;

earthquake observation systems; simulation models; SP658; 1983

July. II-45-II-64.

splices; testing; beams; bond; concrete; design; lapped spHces; reinforced concrete; seismic design; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28.

stability analysis; strong motion accelerograms; earthquake damage;

seaport damage characteristics; site liquefaction; SP658; 1983 July. VII-79-VII-109.

standard penetration tests; vibratory cone penetrometer; artificial vibration; impact loadings; liquefaction; SP651; 1983 April. 541-555. standard reference material; thickness effect; fmite element models;

58
guarded hot piate; km-densily dnck iiiiHita»ioii; 22242.

ijamlaiih^ sdliBticd ana^fSB^ ^j*'*'!^ stun Imal

(oodes); oanoEle (iwfiiicedJs <li'fc^|iii fTM*'^ ' tfY. ! Oanxs); vaaamr, protoMBty Aeorn icUbi^ 22167.

tl'—lii i h, tfaliriii 'ri JuuiyMs atractml *TM'*"C^ (codes); deqgn (hwiliiinpt); loads C^xces); pniUfaffity tAeoi^ icfiabilii;; 2iaL

UajjulMl jmlysiv, stractmal engmeexins Indier Mmgit (oodes^ Ifanit states des^n^ probafaili^

teKKidbldily: 21623.

steet •'—''c'*' AnJji iii ir

; structural en^neenng; i MiJii'i^ (codes)!; do^gn (stractncs); cmciEle; fimit states; loads;

; prabaUB^ Aeoq^ idnliS^ ilii jlium^ 2161i

tted; UiHctatrf f^ejiaij iiifc liiiililMe> (codes); deqgn

ChaildNpOs linit l»is (ibns]t aonHK pnifaaldily Abotk;

I cuMunae; iriulHlily; srfa^ %ki ilii jtf

i

i M^ 2158L

; slimAirf <neikii iiiME Iwililim,! (caodes); < states; loads (KxoesX proUbOity theory; icfidrifi^ 2759JL

i (codes); des^ ^aaSAaesii

loads (finces); pniUfaifity Hbexxy, lefahiBly; sife^

ail Jiiitr 21624. bndandc slraAnal ci«Mei^ bddiqgy (codes); de^gn Oiddmg^^

loads Cfaroes); pcnhaMily Aeor^ icfidiffi^ sdety; s|iecificatian^

2IM9.

budanli; Uimliiirf tHgiimii^ uliiMiiHal le^oose; wind

load^ WBid^ juidkaagnii^ codes; deqgn nimim- disastn; ffUgliaynug giuund

SMSL

; wmd

loads; wiwhj MMfli logmJ^ codra; Aiigii « iiiriMj iBiwli'i;

< ailhuwlrifs; gni—d faflma; luiJuly seBwiaBy; soBds; SP658.

liiaiTpa^'S^Mig»^ agjWa^

" "'"^

kniLdaped ido^s matlieiiiatkal

; lEseaidi plsiC luui^ SfVi^jt fanced taiatValium; CDontnictiaa: Federal [sttmctme^sitdty; dwriwc dope aahffi^ sofl NBSIR83-269X VaLL

Inoed escawaliaa^ coHsHactiai^ Fedend

safeQ^ dndng; slope slalxEty; safl ;soilpRSBHES; NBSma-ie^ VaLJL

: id dynMiu BRipiMwr; cable stayed iMidgTC nriiiirsr bdawioi;

Sf651-, 1983 ApdL 343-301

test; SnSf; 1983 Apd. 4404S6.

; (lEmfaroed); dea^ (jbafldl^g^); 1

; |fiiidililj thuuiy, i

(codes); loads (fijicesj; 22167. piESBHe; wnd

speedy bddiag (codes^ psuhJaOty dirtiliiiliuM fiiMtMwg SKSi^

190Jiiy.U6-I-3a

(codes); raacKle nasonq^ de^gp^ fiant slices desagn; knds

Cfanxs);pn4Hfafil^AeoiKn:£daffit>- 21621

Ulnlw J aaalfB^ sUactKal emgiaeer 3a«g* (oodes^ des^

OmUme^ knds Cfaroes); pnibebuir. : iilidililj. staodaids; 2162L

(|MdBC[i);load^pn4Hia^liKaq^niafi;s»i^ 21907. »liHiiial i-j^inninini^ Imdber uumlmctio^

; (codes); Ut slaies de^^ probafai&ty theory: refiafaffils^ Ha^and^ 27423.

dfcedfio^ iwililNL («»*»)£ /imiiiiii^hai iM jimK nn^^

wnd focccK cfinatolagy; talmae

ireconfc; 21572.

^ttaOf; MifiBiii, wdoci^ laisa^ Bam; fanx; ^pi^ Hidet

;paitidyaiBd;Fve;sifidbsald«qnUciniiKiftiw; /:

Jto. AST'C: 261-28^ 19K3 Jidy-AiigiBL

steady-state pataiaamrr; abaorptiao heat pmnp;

ARKLA water dnDei; cqperinKidal pexfonissDoe; model; NBSIR 822606.

sted; strengdi drasigns; stmctiua] engineeniis tmAei; bmldi^s

(codes); des^ (stinctmes); cnanntf; fimit states load^ masoary; probabiliQrlhBon^irfid»iiiy; s|iri ifiij|iom), ataBdaBd^ 21619.

stee^ stractmal t iigjiii i i Hig, linililinen (codes); muete ifo^smaedi; doign (bnildlnpO; bit Hala; loads ^voesX MMOBry. pnitaldily

tlieon^icfialMfity;staadaids;slalBlicalaBalyaB; 22167.

Hbedi UiPLtaial '"^ (codes^ design QawH&n^^

loads (fisoes); manai^ pnibabifity theoi^ lemfioiced 2158L

Sr651- 1983 ApriL 489-S06.

hpjmMi^ hwiiifings (codes^ coiimms; fiirat pniUbffilyteoiy:ididAK 21627.

stiHiiin^ testing; cobcrIe; «jHaiHHBBt vasds; t iitiiie dynamk,

efibd^ sheai; SP658; 1983 M^fint^VU. ^ K mjuuu,

Iqrlndt passive; pErffaanHx;sabr, 2iSSK

ciMJgj; pmiwe sate; soiar oonfribmio^

NB&^CR-81-341.

sliwwth, stradml raginiiiig wind picssDce; wind ^pf****; tmiMiiig

(codes); probabiliqr dstrihaiioB fimrtMww; TJaHiilifail amlysih,

Sf«S^ 1983 Jdy. U6-I-3a

donn wise; ooaitd (Bl£s: defense workK SP65I, 19S3 ApdL 6SS-6fi8. stom smjgc; lorecast and namiitg; biirricane; ovedaad flooifing, SKSS; 1983 My. IX25^-2R^

stamsaaBE; fmaatfinE lmmraniF; S/VJ/; 1983 ApdL S3»^S4a stonn smsp; typhoon danwjBF; wave setap; SflfiSS?; 1983 July. IX- 8^-18.

stonoi smgi^ wind fimcing wind moriflv, Imnicane; aaetM cmienl; od

Injecton^ 1983 Jnly. 1X19^-24.

stnm lewdi; stress levels; m soil; l«r^^^-*mi*r- sandy aai^

SPIO^ 1^ inly. m-119-IItm.

strain late; waD^ ciatding cycfic; Eatigae; masoDiy: sheai; NBSIR

83-2791

staB^gdl^ concrete; cnnng tenqieratfflFe; liydratioa: mpfar*' n ^""^ V, 21625.

fwOmt . liil I l aa ii in i . |whm line, *^ ". " Hn^li, 2fd7Z

lestgBs; sUuUaial eagmeeiiqe tiaiieii; bdd^gE (codes); (OmciHcs); coMLaete; iinBt slaies; lood^ Mi iitwi j,

Juiiaily ikrtmj2 wpWJity- <^f-}fir-arif»i«!- tmfc; 216M.

stress levds; criheamn m soi}; liqnc&cliai^ sandy sofls; stEon levd^

SP658: 1983 Jaly. m-119-m-13Z

stiess-Sxain soil behavioc^ test procednres; danqnng latiof^ dynauuc

sofl properties: shear shear-stxain tesiiag of sand and day;

SF658; 1983 inly. IIM33-41tl£2.

strake width; visiia] aaaiy, visnd mi^e; acnity. visn4 nn^ie^ visB^

cjwiliasr; distanoPj viewing '-i lesofadion, eye; signs; Sneikndhait; TNIISO. Strang mnlion aDceJerograms: earthquake damage; seapoit damage

ikMJi lriiilic^ site fiqne&dian: fiabifity analysis; SP658-, 1983 Jidy.

sHOBgMOliun mxxys; stniciizral re^xaise invesiig^lioi^ eailiiqndses; SP651; 1983 ApdL 617-6S4.

structBTal anahjsit; ttmUmg-K- ooocrete oonstractiaic concrete pfa^w^ pondm^ sfaeai; fih^yr sijcngdi; strengdi

stractmal A^cijyi^ fiwinilwtifiii ^i-*"^"" faoiismg nvMjs vu imim^ m^

Miwiik'wi ii y imigMilktK. 22iaL

stractmal e^gpneed^s jlmmwial loads; huilrtiDgs (codes); despgic load^ pmiMMily Abo»^ paugmaaiwi cnHa^wr; iriiahililj^ 21G2.

design: puSniigiy Aeory; irihMHy; sle^ 21627.

stmctiira] inf_ hdil "«—y; '—J'fc'g^ (codes); masonry; desigp^ limit stmes des^gi^ loads (fimxs); probofaiEi^

i (codes); ooacrele (ii'mBMPedJ; des[^

(i>-Ui6B)Cl I slaifc^ loads fteoes); i

59
reliability; standards; statistical analysis; steel; 22167.

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit

states; loads (forces); masonry; probability theory; reinforced

concrete; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; steel; 21581.

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit

states; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; 21591.

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); limit

states; loads (forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; 21624.

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads

(forces); probability theory; reliabihty; standards; statistical analysis; 21621.

structural engineering; buildings (codes); design (buildings); loads

(forces); probability theory; reliability; safety; specifications; standards; 21649.

structural engineering; climatology; design (buildings); loads; probability theory; roofs; snow; statistical analysis; 21807.

structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake

hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; SP651.

structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes;

ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; SP658.

structural engineering; technology assessment; workshop; arctic; concrete; construction; design; inspection; offshore structures;

repair; research; NBSIR 83-2751.

structural engineering; tension leg platforms; turbulence; waves; wind

loads; compliant platforms; ocean engineering; offshore platforms; BSS151.

structural engineering; timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete; limit states; loads; masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; 21618.

structural engineering; timber construction; buildings (codes); limit

states design; probability theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; 21623.

structural engineering; wind forces; climatology; extreme values; short-term records; statistics; 21572.

structural engineering; wind (meteorology); aerodynamics;

climatology; extreme winds; loads; 21839.

structural engineering; wind (meteorology); wind direction; building

(codes); climatology; hurricanes; statistical analysis; 21712.

structural engineering; wind pressure; wind speeds; building (codes); probability distribution functions; statistical analysis; storms; SP658;

1983 July. M6-I-30.

structural engineering computer programs; building codes and

standards; building delivery process; building design process; computer-aided building design; computer-aided design; computerintegrated construction; engineering database management; NBSIR

83-2671.

structural performance; tension tests; universal fasteners; wooden

roofs; joint fasteners; roofing damage; SP658; 1983 July. VII143-VII-156.

structural response; accidental eccentricity; building codes and

standards; design eccentricity; dynamic eccentricity; parametric

study; seismic waves; NBSIR 83-2727.

structural response; tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes;

geotechnical engineering; ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; SP651.

structural response investigations; earthquakes; strong-motion arrays; SP651; 1983 April. 617-654.

structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; winds; accelerograph;

codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; SP658.

structural steel; abatement of asbestos; asbestos; buildings; fireproofing; insulation; regulations; NBSIR 83-2688.

structural testing; earthquake acceleration-displacement analysis; reinforced concrete structures; shaking table simulation; SP658;

1983 July. III-29-III-40.

structure dynamics; compliant platforms; guyed towers; ocean

engineering; offshore platforms; NBS-GCR-83-443.

structures; building enclosure systems; building structural systems; innovative building technologies; office building enclosures; office building structures; NBS-GCR-83-434.

structures soils; test facilities; foundation tests; large scale testing; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-l-VIII-22. subducting plate actions; ground motions; Miyagi-Ken-Oki

Earthquake; SP658; 1983 July. VII-l-VII-21.

subsoil conditions; earthquake history; ground motions; Miyagi-KenOki Eart:hquake; SP658; 1983 July. VII-36-VII-61.

Switzerland; test method development; energy conservation in buildings; European building research; field measurement of

building energy use; passive solar heating; NBSIR 83-2724. symbols; understandability; visibility; visual alerting; exit symbols; fire safety; legibility; NBSIR 83-2675. symbols; visual alerting; warnings; communication; hazard; pictogram;

safety; signs; standards; NBSIR 82-2485. synthetic earthquake motion; waveforms; dynamic response analysis; ground motion; modeling; SP658; 1983 July. II-13-II-23. T

tall towers; wind turbulence spectrum; gust winds; high wind analysis; SP658; 1983 July. 1-3 1-1-45. T-bar ceilings; anchorage; applied ceilings; plaster ceilings; seismic

forces; SP658- 1983 July. X-17-X-38.

technical bases; building research; building technology; criteria; codes; measurement and test methods; performance criteria; project summaries; SP446-7.

technical innovation; building measurement; building systems; Federal

buildings; field assessment; office buildings; performance

specification; post-occupancy evaluation; procurement; NBSIR 83-

2662. technology assessment; workshop; arctic; concrete; construction;

design; inspection; offshore structures; repair; research; structural engineering; NBSIR 83-2751. temperature; age-strength relation; compression tests; compressive

strength; concretes; cubes; curing; hydration; mortars (material); setting (hardening); 22041. temperature; tests; age-strength relation; compressive strength; concretes; curing; cylinders; 21837. temperature; urea-formaldehyde; cellular structure; foam; humidity;

insulation; scanning electron microscopy; shrinkage; 21827. temperature controller; thermostat evaluation; thermostat modeling;

thermostat test; two-position control; room temperature control; 555750.

temperature effects; concrete; compressive strength; curing

temperature; formwork; hydration; maturity; mortar; scheduling; 21620

temperature measuring instruments; thermal resistance; thermography;

heat transmission; infrared detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; roofing; 21727. tension leg platforms; turbulence; waves; wind loads; compliant

platforms; ocean engineering; offshore platforms; structural engineering; BSS151.

tension tests; universal fasteners; wooden roofs; joint fasteners; roofing damage; structural performance; SP658; 1983 July. VII143-VII-156.

test facilities; foundation tests; large scale testing; structures soils; SP658; 1983 July. VIII-l-VIII-22.

testing; beams; bond; concrete; design; lapped splices; reinforced concrete; seismic design; splices; SP658; 1983 July. III-23-III-28.

testing; concrete; containment vessels; cracking; dynamic analysis; hysteresis; nuclear structures; reinforced concrete; seismic effects; shear; stiffness; SP658; 1983 July. VI-l-VI-8.

testing; test procedures; water heaters; appliances; energy; heat pump

water heaters; NBSIR 83-2723.

testing and verification; building energy analysis program; data tape; measured hourly data; NBSIR 81-2456

test method development; energy conservation in buildings; European

60
building research; field measurement of building energy use; passive

solar heating; Switzerland; NBSIR 83-2724.

test methods; building; evaluation; performance; rehab; research; 21945.

test methods; economic methods; evaluation guides; performance

concept; regulations; rehabilitation; research; research needs; 21944.

test methods; torsional vibrations; damping; resonant column; round

robin tests; shear modulus; soil dynamics; NBSIR 82-2568.

test precision; coefficient of variation; laboratory performance;

NBSIR 82-2632.

test procedure; calorimeter; energy storage; heat transfer; passive

solar component; solar energy; 22279.

test procedures; damping ratios; dynamic soil properties; shear modulus; shear-strain testing of sand and clay; stress-strain soil behaviors; SP658; 1983 July. III-133-III-162.

test procedures; water heaters; appliances; energy; heat pump water

heaters; testing; NBSIR 83-2723.

tests; age-strength relation; compressive strength; concretes; curing;

cylinders; temperature; 21837. thermal bridges; thermographic surveys; tracer gas techniques; air

infiltration rates; envelope thermal performance; infrared imaging;

radiometers; NBSIR 82-2605. thermal comfort; ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55-1981; black globe

temperature; comfort envelope; direct gain room; operative temperature; passive solar test facility; solar radiation; NBSIR 82- 2621 (DoE). thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); work station; acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics; lighting; office automation; office design criteria; quahty-of-life; space planning;

NBSIR 83-2784-1. thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; Atterberg limit tests; field

tests; heat flow; laboratory tests; soil moisture; soil tests; 21669. thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; transmission lines; design;

soil mechanics; 21629. thermal deficiencies; thermographic inspections; weatherization

retrofits; building heat losses; comparison of inspections; infrared scanning systems; insulation voids; interpretation of thermograms;

NBSIR 82-2510. thermal insulation; thermal resistance; apparent thermal conductivity;

error analysis; guarded hot plate; NBSIR 83-2674. thermal insulations; low-sloped roofing; mathematical modeling; membranes; repair; research plan; roofs; standards; SP659. thermal resistance; apparent thermal conductivity; error analysis; guarded hot plate; thermal insulation; NBSIR 83-2674. thermal resistance; thermography; heat transmission; infrared

detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; roofing; temperature measuring instruments; 21727. thermal resistivity; Atterberg limit tests; field tests; heat flow; laboratory tests; soil moisture; soil tests; thermal conductivity; 21669

thermal resistivity; transmission lines; design; soil mechanics; thermal

conductivity; 21629. thermal test; hybrid; passive; performance; solar; storage; 21858. thermographic inspections; tracer gas technique; U-value tests; air

infiltration; building diagnostics; building thermal integrity; fan

pressurization; field measurements; NBSIR 83-2768. thermographic inspections; weatherization retrofits; building heat

losses; comparison of inspections; infrared scanning systems;

insulation voids; interpretation of thermograms; thermal

deficiencies; NBSIR 82-2510. thermographic surveys; tracer gas techniques; air infiltration rates; envelope thermal performance; infrared imaging; radiometers; thermal bridges; NBSIR 82-2605 thermography; heat transmission; infrared detection; insulation; moisture in roofing; nondestructive testing; roofing; temperature

measuring instruments; thermal resistance; 21727. thermostat evaluation; thermostat modeling; thermostat test; twoposition control; room temperature control; temperature controller; BSS150

thermostat modeling; thermostat test; two-position control; room

temperature control; temperature controller; thermostat evaluation; 555750.

thermostat test; two-position control; room temperature control; temperature controller; thermostat evaluation; thermostat modeling; 555750.

thickness effect; finite element models; guarded hot plate; low-density

thick insulation; standard reference material; 22242.

timber; buildings (codes); design (structures); concrete; limit states; loads; masonry; probability theory; reliability; specifications; standards; steel; strength designs; structural engineering; 21618. timber construction; buildings (codes); limit states design; probability

theory; reliability; standards; statistical analysis; structural engineering; 21623. time of day control; Building Management and Control Systems

(EMCS, BMCS); computer control; control algorithms; control

software; duty cycling; energy management; heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC); scheduled start/stop; NBSIR 83- 2713. tomadic cyclone; tornado elements; 1978 Tokyo tornado; meteorological elements; SP658; 1983 July. I-1-I-15. tornado elements; 1978 Tokyo tornado; meteorological elements; tomadic cyclone; SP658; 1983 July. I-1-I-15. torsional vibrations; damping; resonant column; round robin tests; shear modulus; soil dynamics; test methods; NBSIR 82-2568.

tracer gas; air infiltration; air tightness; building diagnostics; building

tightness; passive solar buildings; pressurization; 21805.

tracer gas technique; U-value tests; air infiltration; building

diagnostics; building thermal integrity; fan pressurization; field measurements; thermographic inspections; NBSIR 83-2768.

tracer gas techniques; air infiltration rates; envelope thermal performance; infrared imaging; radiometers; thermal bridges;

thermographic surveys; NBSIR 82-2605. tracking technique; weatherization retrofit; balance point temperature; computer graphics; degree days; energy conservation; energy

consumption; fuel usage records; NBSIR 83-2676.

traffic noise; transportation noise; acoustics; environmental pollution; highway noise; motor vehicle noise; noise; noise control; sound; TN1113-3.

transfer function; underground amplitudes; earthquake observation

systems; simulation models; spectral analysis; SP658; 1983 July. II- 45-11-64. transmission lines; design; soil mechanics; thermal conductivity; thermal resistivity; 21629.

transportation noise; acoustics; environmental pollution; highway

noise; motor vehicle noise; noise; noise control; sound; traffic noise; TN1113-3.

trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. II. trenching; braced excavations; construction; Federal regulations; retaining structures; safety; shoring; slope stability; soil classification; soil pressures; standards; NBSIR 83-2693, Vol. I. trenching; building technology; construction safety; guardrails; occupancy safety; slips; 21801.

trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake

engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; NBSIR 82-2589.

trial designs; building structures; earthquake codes; earthquake

engineering; earthquake standards; seismic design; NBSIR 82-2626. tricalcium silicate; water-to-cement radio; cement; hydration; mechanisms; models; particle size; 21692.

trussed-girders; aerodynamic forces; solidity; SP651; 1983 April. 1-19. tsunami; tsunami behavior; tsunamigenic earthquake; computer

modeling; earthquake sources; SP651; 1983 April. 507-521. tsunami; wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering;

ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards;

structural engineering; structural response; SP651. tsunami behavior; tsunamigenic earthquake; computer modeling;

earthquake sources; tsunami; SP651; 1983 April. 507-521. tsunami breakwaters; tsunami prediction; disaster plarming; seawall

protection; SP658; 1983 July. IX-29-IX-37.

67
tsunanrigenic eaitfaquakf; cnnnMittT mnA4ing^ earthquake sources;

i bdbwiai: SFtai; 1983 ApnL S07-S21. entihqmlEe; idodificaliai^ immmi iwn-V oaastal hazaids; SP651i 1983 AjhiL 416425.

gwianiieHiic eardiqiiake^ tsmomi^ aBg^neetnig sasaidkigy;

NEEOtESgsdsmaeiaplBcdalac £fV»: 1983 i^riL 426^62.

imiaiBi pneActioic «liiMilrr iJawwims seamil protectioic iMMiMni

bnedcmlei^ SnSSS; 1983 Jdy. lX-»^-37.

niiiiHiii tsmami icscnc^ dbssstcf wsmiDg c&ztli^pialcc detection; flood waamng; SIVSK; 1983 Jidy. lX-l-JX-7.

LMHJiiiw icsc&n^^ oosstiBl liaznd^ lnniiiiP''pp*"p c8rEiii|nsik£^ i*-«iBr.«i«': SMS/; 1983 A]HiL 41M25.

iraaarrih; dwatfer wannag; eartfaqnake detecHaa; flood

i pnefictioic 1983 Jidy. IX-l-lX-7. NEEMtES; aaanogEqdnc data; SPiai- 1983 i^ra. 426432.

tSUnand^ wind loadi; wiad^; Jrjrflpwngc^Ji; etiA^^ tipogn rrktmar

^Bsastax; iiM^M^y- g^uud &ifaiiGs^ Inmd^ *M'^*jiii^niyj y^iffdiB^ LuiJiHai mnwiiweis SP63&. inad^ oooipfiaat pfatfaans; **"»'-"

pbdibni^ BSS15L

e^Bnerag; 1^

tizrbolesoe; wind loads: ooocriXe slriictures; tnafing liwima; 21886. two^maakmd urimmmtma atmy observatiaic wave propoealioi^ definnatioa meCho^ dymiiic wespansc amlysu; pqie siresBes; Sl«57: 1983 Aid. 242^58.

lwi>paHliuu cuBliul; iDon tenqieramre ooatral; tenqientine

ooBtvolla; Aemnstat ewdmlioB; dieimastai modefing ijiwimmjaii tot; BSSISa

typbom (bmutgr, wave setup; stonn surge; 5/SSi5S; 1983 July. IX- S-IX-1& U

fiber laafiMCBd oauoEte; napact penetodiaB

21736.

wnwdeaaraciwcletf^ 2I85L

SnUft; 1983 Jnly- H4S4t64.

wli'I JiaUilily; vidbffity; vsnl aleftii^ ent ^yiidmlv fine sifoy;

k«ifaffilK sy^Kd^ IKBSIK G-267S.

iHiiliti in, «dkHjily, aMdyMB; flow; fianse; fiqnid; nod^ iHium

pnti^fflledt; npc; nS^ nfidSqnid dnnd flow; tfe^t^ J. Res. 88(4h 261-28^ 1983 Jdy^A^pBL

Eniversai fastener^ woodea nxtsi joHd BnHwiia; imd^ diyii iijji , stmctmral performance: taamm tests; SMSI^ 1983 Jdy. VH143-Vn-156. mueiDforoed vasesoBry. wood tfe«]Ji«!»g

imr analytical mndfi: jlyMMM* response; seninic liazand; SP65S; 1983 Jidy. VltllO-VlI-129.

unsteady pape flow; draiiis: paitially fflled p^e flow; |

diiiiilii iic: sofid trsBSpOTt in pf^ies; 21853. imsieady pipe Sow; wave attenBatioi^ dcains; paitiaDy filled pqie

flow; plmuhmg sc^id liaiW|Wl in p^e^ 21857.

DFea-formaldeliyde: n^HwAxr stradnc; fban^ hmwiilii y; scanning eleciroi] imcroscc^y; «^«""*-"flr

*. i«'mhm'«j»TM''_ 21827.

U.S.-Jap2ii Joioi Hanlitqiiake Reseaidi ProgEam; ^nnd and se

e£fects; 3arge-sca]e lesteig: 5Pfi5S: 1983 July. 2S45.

U-valne tests; sai mfiltraritwr hiriiratng di^gMHlics; bmldqg

integrity; &o pressirizatiaiC ficid »'jmm»' mm

inspectians; tracer gas tediniqne; NBSOt 83-2768. V

vabiB^dded: eariiiqiiakes; economiic damage; indirect ^Sects;, SP651i

1983 Apifl. S6S-586. vapof ooMipfesaom cy<^e; air conditiooer: ca^Siars ndie; ooil^ ^iw^|M i^^m^uiy ooB^Esnssn cv^^oiaior; cxpasisiOD dcvio^ heat fp*"**^*^ modefing; BSS15S. Viyrs <video i&jiSay ihnimimiH: woik fflalina; acouilic privac]^

office

ocBnfoft;

fjihiria; agpaonic^ l^l«ii«fr- office design afted^ qnafity-of-Gfe; space |

iImhhh NBSIR 83-2784^1. vdodtK aiiiplilailf; caacretta; rratimg, (fiactadng);

vdoci^ aaJyA; floi^ ianae; fiqiddt modc^ momealaB^ paitia%-

fiOedt pipe; sofidt soid-fiqpnd cinnid floa^ slea^ oiiKi^ J. Res. SKih 261-28^ 1983 JOy^At^oA.

vnrtiiatifin; aff eadia^ge late; wddves; hniMtng eavdope

piwMMiifal ioi^ mxads stamge; NBSIR 83-2770 (GSAJ.

venrttaaifli^ bJjfag eneigy aaal^ai^ bi moddinE; ooawBctioi^ iafilli alii at; NBSIR 1B-263S. vents for ^nadnis imowaiiwe veafii^

lenovatiaiC RUbffilatio^ NBSIR 82-2602. vents in plunilane. wnmlilaaiiiiuro fiir iriiahifttatinp; 2187L

vaaatoiy cxne penetrameiei; aiUfiLiJ

Btfiiffartinii; staadaid peweiminw tesb; SKSI; 1983 AfA. S41-SSSl

1983ApriL218-24L

B^efartmit S«57,

viabiEty; vimd aiertms eA syadmi^ fire afet^ hgiUilj^ syaJiuh;

r, sfBsma-2675.

acaity, visn^ ao^^ visual xailiail; dn^ stn^e^riM^ TNI180.

I Mniliwily; idiinHMliiTly; coha; color

; fight aomut; wdiiy; safely ^BK

»fety symbols; NBSIR 83-2694.

visual alertiqg; ent syaJiuh; fiie sifet^ leggaiily; syadwht

r, NBSm^2675.

; aaadaids; syndnis; NBSIR 82-2485.

: canmsi;

eye; sgn^ Snrllfn dual,

TNliaSL

ocSar, coior

dlii'irwt Ijg^ili^ fflmmnaini^ 4^it somce; safely; safi!ly s^pi^ syadnfa; visadacnr^ NBSIR 83-2694. W

rater hfjanv appfiawoei; catigy, heat

test pnicedmc^ NBSIR 83-2723.

ralEr sapply devioe^ N^IR82-263&

Tater-to^xaaaA ladfa^ « « «mI„ hydniiaiic

paitide siae; i iii -ilfiaai aBcale; 216S2. Bodd^

wavduonsg dyuuwc tsspCBssi syndiBtic eaidiqnakE motic

wave pvopagaliai^ defoj —

pq)e stiesse^ two-ci::. ' SP65]; 1983 ApriL 242 15i wave pn^iBgation; iastn

uiolitwws SIttS/; 1983 .^dL

wacses; wiad kad^

plalliaBi^ sinclnxal BSS15L wave w<in>u V[»wni wmgr; typhooa

8-IX-18. wave vdocilies; dyaa

geophysical Uiiwj^li aj)' naidnfais; SMH^ 1983 Jafy. III^-]Itll8.

wealinTizaliOB letiidil; hataui*' point teaaqteiatHE;

983Joly.II-13^I23L

3d aaitlaa; graawd

SPSS; 1983 My. Kpraperties; fidd

test;

62
degree days; energy conservation; energy consumption; fuel usage

records; tracking technique; NBSIR 83-2676. weatherization retrofits; building heat losses; comparison of

inspections; infrared scanning systems; insulation voids;

interpretation of thermograms; thermal deficiencies; thermographic

inspections; NBSIR 82-2510. wet-bulb temperature; chilled mirror hygrometer; dew point temperature; humidity generator; humidity sensors; lithium chloride humidity sensors; moisture content of building air; relative humidity; saturated salt solutions; sensor calibration; sensor

precision; specific humidity; ESS157. wind and seismic effects; large-scale testing; U.S. -Japan Joint Earthquake Research Program; SP658; 1983 July. 23-45. wind data; bridge motion; cable-stayed bridge; SP651; 1983 April. 20-

33. wind direction; building (codes); climatology; hurricanes; statistical analysis; structural engineering; wind (meteorology); 21712. wind forces; climatology; extreme values; short-term records;

statistics; structural engineering; 21572. wind forcing; wind models; hurricane; ocean current; oil spill trajectory; storm surge; SP658; 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24. wind loads; compliant platforms; ocean engineering; offshore

platforms; structural engineering; tension leg platforms; turbulence; waves; BSS151. wind loads; concrete structures; cooling towers; turbulence; 21886. wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground

failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; SP651. wind loads; winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes; ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards;

structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; SP658. wind (meteorology); aerodynamics; climatology; extreme winds;

loads; structural engineering; 21839. wind (meteorology); wind direction; building (codes); climatology;

hurricanes; statistical analysis; structural engineering; 21712. wind models; hurricane; ocean current; oil spill trajectory; storm

surge; wind forcing; SP658\ 1983 July. IX-19-IX-24. window management; automatic control; daylighting; lighting

control; microprocessor; NBSIR 83-2728. window management; building energy analysis; cooling loads; heating

loads; solar film; solar heat gain; TNI174. window performance; building computer simulation; building energy

performance; clerestory performance; daylighting; skylight

performance; BSS152. windows; building energy analysis; clerestories; daylighting; skylights; NBSIR 83-2726 wind pressure; wind speeds; building (codes); probability distribution functions; statistical analysis; storms; structural engineering; SP658;

1983 July. I-16-I-30. winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquake

hazards; earthquakes; geotechnical engineering; ground failure; liquefaction; pipeline; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural response; tsunami; wind loads; SP651.

winds; accelerograph; codes; design criteria; disaster; earthquakes;

ground failures; hazards; seismicity; solids; standards; structural engineering; structural responses; tsunamis; wind loads; SP658. wind speeds; building (codes); probability distribution functions;

statistical analysis; storms; structural engineering; wind pressure; SP658; 1983 July. I-16-I-30. wind turbulence spectrum; gust winds; high wind analysis; tall towers; SP658; 1983 July. 1-31-145. wood diaphragms; analytical model; dynamic response; seismic hazard; unreinforced masonry; SP658; 1983 July. VIM lO-VII-129. wooden roofs; joint fasteners; roofing damage; structural performance; tension tests; universal fasteners; SP658; 1983 July. VII-143-VII-156. workshop; arctic; concrete; construction; design; inspection; offshore

structures; repair; research; structural engineering; technology

assessment; NBSIR 83-2751. work station; acoustic privacy; design criteria; ergonomics; lighting;

office automation; office design criteria; quality-of-life; space

planning; thermal comfort; VDT's (video display terminal); NBSIR

83-2784-1. X

Y

Z

1978 Tokyo tornado; meteorological elements; tomadic cyclone; tornado elements; SP658; 1983 July. 1-1-1-15.

63
APPENDICES

64
APPENDIX A.

DEPOSITORY

LIBRARIES

IN THE

UNITED STATES

ALABAMA

Alexander City: Alexander City State Junior College, Thomas D.

Russell Library (1967). Auburn: Auburn University, Ralph Brown Draughon Library (1907). Birmingham:

Birmingham Public Library (1895). Birmingham Southern College Library (1932). Jefferson State Junior College, James B. Allen Library (1970). Miles College, C. A. Kirkendoll Learning Resource Center

(1980). Samford University Library (1884). Enterprise: Enterprise State Junior College, Learning Resources

Center (1967). Fayette: Brewer State Junior College, Learning Resources Center Li- brary (1979). Florence: University of North Alabama, Collier Library (1932). Gadsden: Gadsden Public Library (1963). Huntsville: University of Alabama in Huntsville Library (1964). Jacksonville: Jacksonville State University Library (1929). Mobile: Mobile Public Library (1963). Spring Hill College, Thomas Byrne Memorial Library (1937). University of South Alabama Library (1968). Montgomery:

Alabama State Department of Archives and History Library

(1884). Alabama Supreme Court and State Law Library (1884). Auburn University at Montgomery Library (1971)-REGIONAL.

Maxwell A.F. Base: Air University Library (1963). Normal: Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College, J. F. Drake

Memorial Learning Resources Center (1963). Troy: Troy State University Library (1963). Tuskegee Institute: Tuskegee Institute, Hollis Burke Frissell Library

(1907). University:

University of Alabama Library (1860)-REGIONAL.

University of Alabama, School of Law Library (1967). ALASKA

Anchorage:

Anchorage Municipal Libraries, Z. J. Loussac Public Library

(1978). Supreme Court of Alaska Library (1973). University of Alaska at Anchorage Library (1961). U.S. Department of Interior, Alaska Resources Library (1981). Fairbanks: University of Alaska, Elmer E. Rasmuspn Library (1922). Juneau: Alaska State Library (1900). University of Alaska-Juneau Library (1981). Ketchikan: Ketchikan Community College Library (1970).

ARIZONA

Coolidge: Central Arizona College, Instructional Materials Center

(1973).

Flagstaff: Northern Arizona University Library (1937). Mesa: Mesa Public Library (1983). Phoenix: Department of Library, Archives, and Public Records (unknown)-REGIONAL.

Grand Canyon College, Fleming Library (1978). Phoenix Public Library (1917). Prescott: Yavapai College Library (1976). Tempe:

Arizona State University, College of Law Library (1977). Arizona State University Library (1944). Thatcher: Eastern Arizona College Library (1963). Tucson: Tucson Public Library (1970). University of Arizona Library (1907)-REGIONAL.

Yuma: Yuma City-County Library (1963).

ARKANSAS

Arkadelphia: Ouachita Baptist University, Riley Library (1963).

Batesville: Arkansas College Library (1963). Clarksville: College of the Ozarks, Dobson Memorial Library (1925). Conway: Hendrix College, Olin C. Bailey Library (1903). Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Universities Libraries (1907). University of Arkansas, School of Law Library (1978).

Little Rock:

Arkansas State Library-REGIONAL. (1978). Arkansas Supreme Court Library (1962).

Little Rock Public Library (1953). University of Arkansas at Little Rock Library (1973). University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Library (1979). Magnolia: Southern Arkansas University, Magale Library (1956). Monticello: University of Arkansas at Monticello Library (1956). Pine Bluff: University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Watson Memorial Li- brary (1976).

Russellville: Arkansas Tech University, Tomlinson Library (1925). Searcy: Harding University, Beaumont Memorial Library (1963). State University: Arkansas State University, Dean B. Ellis Library

(1913). Walnut Ridge: Southern Baptist College, Felix Goodson Library

(1967). CALIFORNIA

Anaheim: Anaheim Public Library (1963). Arcadia: Arcadia Public Library (1975). Areata: Humboldt State University Library (1963). Bakersfield: California State College, Bakersfield Library (1974). Kern County, Beale Memorial Library (1943). Berkeley:

University of California, Law Library (1963). University of California, General Library (1907). Carson:

California State University, Dominguez Hills Educational Resources Center (1973). Carson Regional Library (1973). Chico: California State University at Chico Library (1962). Claremont: Claremont Colleges' Libraries, Honnold Library (1913). Coalinga: West Hills Community College Library (1978). Compton: Compton Library (1972). Culver City: Culver City Library (1966). Davis:

University of Cahfomia, Shields Library (1953). University of California at Davis, Law Library (1972).

65
Downey: Downey City Library (1963). Fresno:

California State University, Henry Madden Library (1962). Fresno County Free Library (1920). Fullerton: California State University at Fullerton Library (1963). Garden Grove: Garden Grove Regional Library (1963). Gardena: Gardena Public Library (1966). Hayward: California State University at Hayward Library (1963). Huntington Park: Huntington Park Library, San Antonio Region

(1970). Inglewood: Inglewood Public Library (1963).

Irvine: University of California at Irvine, General Library (1963). La Jolla: University of California at San Diego, Central University Li- brary (1963). Lakewood: Angelo lacoboni Public Library (1970). Lancaster: Lancaster Regional Library (1967). La Verne: University of La Verne, College of Law Library (1979). Long Beach:

California State University at Long Beach Library (1962). Long Beach Public Library (1933). Los Angeles:

California State University at Los Angeles, John F. Kennedy

Memorial Library (1956). Los Angeles County Law Library (1963). Los Angeles Public Library (1891). Loyola Marymount University, Charles Von der Aha Library

(1933). Loyola Law School, Law Library (1979). Occidental College Library (1941). Pepperdine University Library (1963). Southwestern University, School of Law Library (1975). University of California at Los Angeles Research Library (1932). University of California, Los Angeles, Law Library (1958). University of Southern California, Doheny Memorial Library

(1933). University of Southern California, Law Library (1978). U.S. Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit Library (1981). Whittier College, School of Law Library (1978). Menlo Park: Department of Interior, Geological Survey Library

(1962). Montebello: Montebello Library (1966). Monterey: U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, Dudley Knox Library

(1963). Monterey Park: Bruggemeyer Memorial Library (1964). Northridge: California State University at Northridge, Oviatt Library

(1958). Norwalk: Norwalk Public Library (1973). Oakland:

Mills College Library (1966). Oakland Public Library (1923). Ontario: Ontario City Library (1974). Palm Springs: Palm Springs Public Library (1980). Pasadena:

California Institute of Technology, Millikan Memorial Library

(1933). Pasadena Public Library (1963). Pleasant Hill: Contra Costa County Library (1964). Redding: Shasta County Library (1956). Redlands: University of Redlands, Armacost Library (1933). Redwood City: Redwood City Public Library (1966). Reseda: West Valley Regional Branch Library (1966). Richmond: Richmond Public Library (1943). Riverside: Riverside Public Library (1947). University of California at Riverside Library (1963). Sacramento:

California State Library (1895)-REGIONAL.

California State University at Sacramento Library (1963). Sacramento County Law Library (1963). Sacramento Public Library (1880). University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law Library

(1978).

San Bernardino: San Bernardino County Free Library (1964). San Diego: San Diego County Law Library (1973). San Diego County Library (1966). San Diego Public Library (1895). San Diego State University Library (1962). University of San Diego, Kratter Law Library (1967). San Francisco: Golden Gate University, School of Law Library (1979). Hastings College of Law Library (1972). Mechanics' Institute Library (1889). San Francisco Public Library (1889). San Francisco State University, J. Paul Leonard Library (1955). Supreme Court of California Library (1979). U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit Library (1971). University of San Francisco, Richard A. Gleeson Library (1963). San Jose: San Jose State University Library (1962). San Leandro: San Leandro Community Library Center (1961). San Luis Obispo: California Polytechnic State University Library

(1969). San Rafael: Marin County Free Library (1975). Santa Ana: Orange County Law Library (1975). Santa Ana Public Library (1959). Santa Barbara: University of California at Santa Barbara Library

(I960). Santa Clara: University of Santa Clara, Orradre Library (1963). Santa Cruz: University of California at Santa Cruz, McHenry Library

(1963). Santa Rosa: Sonoma County Library (1896). Stanford: Stanford University Libraries (1895). Stanford University, Robert Crown Law Library (1978). Stockton: Public Library of Stockton and San Joaquin County (1884). Thousand Oaks: California Lutheran College Library (1964). Torrance: Torrance Civic Center Library (1969). Turlock: California State College, Stanislaus Library (1964). Vallejo: Solano County, John F. Kennedy Library (1982). Valencia: Valencia Regional Library (1972). Ventura: Ventura County Library (1975).

Visalia: Tulare County Free Library (1967). Walnut: Mount San Antonio College Library (1966). West Covina: West Covina Regional Library (1966). Whittier: Whittier College, Wardman Library (1963). CANAL ZONE

Balboa Heights: Panama Canal Commission, Library Services Branch

(1963). COLORADO

Alamosa: Adams State College, Learning Resources Center (1963). Boulder: University of Colorado at Boulder, Government

Publications Library (1879)-REGIONAL.

Colorado Springs: Colorado College, Tutt Library (1880). University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Library (1974). Denver:

Auraria Library (1978). Colorado State Library (unknown). Colorado Supreme Court Library (1978). Denver Public Library (1884)-REGIONAL.

Department of the Interior, Water and Power Resources Service Library (1962). Regis College, Dayton Memorial Library (1915). University of Denver, Penrose Library (1909). University of Denver, School of Law Library (1978). U.S. Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit Library (1973). Fort Collins: Colorado State University Libraries (1907). Golden: Colorado School of Mines, Arthur Lakes Library (1939).

66
Gnnd Jnnctkn: Mesa Coo^ Public LSbmy (1975)l Giedey: Umvaaily of Nocdiein Ccdondo. James A. Mkhener lA- bniy(1966)L

Gmmisoa: Weston Sate CeBeep. Ijedae J. Sawage libiary (1932). Jnnta: OteiD Jimior Odlege, Wheder Libcaiy (1963)l Lakewood: Jeffeison Coonty PabSc Ubmy. Lakewood Library

(1968). Pueblo: Pndilo libnry Distiict (1893)l Univeisity of Sondieni Ccdotado Unary (196S). VS. Air Force Academy: Academy Libfaiy (1956^

CONNECTICUT

BadgepotU

Brid^port PtaUic library (1884)l Umvefsity of Bridgeport Sdiooi of Law Libfary (1979)l Donbury: Western Cbimecticiit State University. Rnib A. Haas li- brary (1967). r>Miiph»M- Qnoidni^ VaOey Community Ccdl^ library (197S). Enfidd: Enfield Central Library (1967).

Hdllfilld: CMmecticnt State Ubrary (imknown)-REGIO]NIAL.

Hartford PbUIc Library (194S)l Trinity Coll^ LAiary (1895). Ifiddlelown: Wesleyan Univetsity. Olin Library (1906). Ifysdc: Mystic Seaport Mnsemn Inc. G. W. Bhmt White Library

(1964)l New Britain: Central Connecticut State University. EHfaa Bnrntt Li- brary (1973)l New Havem

Sonthon Omnecticiit State Univeisity. Ifiltoa C. Boley Library

(1968). Yale Law Lflxary (1981). Yale Umweisity Library (1859X

New London:

Connecticiit Colk^ Library (1926). U.S. Coast Guard Academy Library (1939). Stamford: The Ferguson Library (1973). Stons: University of Connecticiit library (1907). Walobory:

Post CdOees, Tranrig Library (1977). Slas ftonson Public Ubruy (1869)l West Hartford: Univetsity of Connecticut, School of Law Library

(1978). West Haven: University of New Haven. Petoson library (1971). DELAWARE

Dover:Ddaware State CoOege, Wiffiam C. Jason library (1962). State Law library in Kent County (unknown).

Georgetown: Delaware Technical and Commmnty CoD^ library (1968). Sussex County Law library (1976). Newark: Univeisity of Delaware library (1907)l Wilmington:

Ddaware Law School library (1976). New Castle Cbonty Law litHary (1974). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Washington: Admimstiative Conference of the United States library (1977). Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Rdations Library

(1972). American Univeisity. Washington CbU^ of Law liiHary

(1983). Antioch School of Law litHary (1982). CathoUc Univeisity of Amoica. Robot J. White Law library

(1979). Civil Aeionantics Board Library (1974). Department of the Army Library (1969). Dqnrtment of Commerce Lflirary (1955). Department of Energy Ubrary (1963). Department of Health and Human Services (1954). Dquilment of Hrasmg and Urban Development Library (1969)l Department of the Interior Library (1895). Department of Justice Main Lflxary (18K)l

Department of Labor Library (1976)l Department of the Navy Library (1895). Department of State Library (1895). Departmeia of State Law Ubrary (1966). Department ofTransportation l^in Ldirary (1982). Departmem of Transportatioa, National Hi^iway TrafiBc Safety AdnmnstiaticHi Library (1968>)l Department Tianqmrtation. U.S. Coast Guard Law Library

(1982)L Dqiartment of the Treasury Library (1895).

District of Columbia Court of Appeals Likaiy (1981)l District of Cbhmibia Public Ubrary (1943). Executive OfiBce of the President. Ofi&x of Administration, Li- brary and Infixmalion Service Diviskm (1965). Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation library (1972)l Federal Election Commission Lflxary (1975). Federal Labor Rdations Andiority Law lifacary (1982)l Federal Ifine Safety & HeaUh Review Cbmmissioa library

(1979). Federal Reserve System. Board of Governors Researdi library

(1978). Federal Reserve System Law Library (1976). General Accounting Office Lflirary (197^

General Services Adnmnstratioa Lilnary (1975). Georgetown University Ubrary (1969). Georgetown Univeisity Law Center, Fred O. Dennis Law li- brary (1978)l George Wasfaington Univeisity. Mdvin Gdman library (1983)l George Washinglon Univeisity, National Law Center. Jacob Boms Law library (1978). Library of Congress, Congressional Rraearch Service (1978). Library of Congress, Serial and Government Publications (1977). Merit Systems Protection Board library (1979). Natioaal Defense Univeisity libiaiy (1895). Univeisity ofthe District of Cblumbia library (1970). U.Su Court of Appeals. JodgEsr library (1975). U.S. Office of Petsonnd Management library (1963)l U.Su Ftelal Service Library (1895). U.S. Senate Library (1979). U.S. Snprone Court library (1978). Vetoans* Administiation, Central Office Library (1967). FLORIDA

Boca Raton: Florida Atlantic University. S. E- Wimboly library

(1963). Clearwaten Clearwater Public library (1972). Coral Gables: University of Miami library (1939). Daytona Beach: Volusia County Library Center (1963). De Land: Stetson Univeisity, duPont-Ball Library (1887). Fort Lauderdale: ftowaid County library (1967). Nova University. Center for Study of Law LilHary (1967). Fort Pierce: Indian River Community CoD^ Ubrary (1975). Gainesville: Univeisity of Florida, Cbll^e of Law library (1978). Univeisity of Florida Libraries (1907)-REGIONAL.

Jacksonville: Haydon Buns Ubrary (1914). JadraonviDe Univasity, Swisher Library (1962). Univeisity of Noitfa Florida, Thomas G. Carpenter Library

(1972).

67
Lakeland: Lakeland Public Library (1928). Leesburg: Lake-Sumter Community College Library (1963). Melbourne: Florida Institute of Technology Library (1963). Miami:

Florida International University Library (1970). Miami-Dade Public Library (1952). North Miami: Florida International University, North Miami Campus

Library (1977). Opa Locka: Biscayne College Library (1966). Orlando: University of Central Florida Library (1966). Palatka: St. Johns River Community College Library (1963). Pensacola: University of West Florida, John C. Pace Library (1966). Port Charlotte: Charlotte County Library System (1973).

St. Petersburg:

St. Petersburg Public Library (1965). Stetson University College of Law, Charles A. Dana Library

(1975). Sarasota: Selby Public Library (1970). Tallahassee: Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Coleman

Learning Resources Center (1936). Florida State University, College of Law Library (1978). Florida State University, Robert M. Strozier Library (1941).

(1941). Florida Supreme Court Library (1974). State Library of Florida (1929). Tampa:

Tampa-Hillsborough County Public Library (1965). University of South Florida Library (1962). University of Tampa, Merl Kelce Library (1953). Winter Park: Rollins College, Mills Memorial Library (1909). GEORGIA

Albany: Albany-Dougherty Public Library (1964). Americus: Georgia Southwestern College, James Earl Carter Library

(1966). Athens:

University of Georgia Libraries ( 1 907)-REGIONAL.

University of Georgia, School of Law Library (1979). Atlanta: Atlanta Public Library (1880). Atlanta University Center, Robert W. Woodruff Library (1962). Emory University, Woodruff Library (1928). Emory University, School of Law Library (1968). Georgia Institute of Technology, Price Gilbert Memorial Library

(1963). Georgia State Library (unknown).

Georgia State University, College of Law Library (1983). Georgia State University, William Russell Pullen Library (1970). U.S. Court of Appeals, 5th Circuit Library (1980). Augusta: Augusta College, Reese Library (1962). Brunswick: Brunswick-Glynn County Regional Library (1965). Carrollton: West Georgia College, Irvine Sullivan Ingram Library

(1962). Columbus: Columbus College, Simon Schwob Memorial Library

(1975). Dahlonega: North Georgia College, Stewart Library (1939). Dalton: Dalton Junior College Library (1978). Decatur: DeKalb Community College, South Campus Learning Resources Center (1973). Macon:

Mercer University, Stetson Memorial Library (1964). Mercer University, Walter F. George School of Law Library

(1978). Marietta: Kennesaw College Memorial Library (1968). Milledgeville: Georgia College at Milledgeville, Ina Dillard Russell Library (1950). Mount Berry: Berry College Memorial Library (1970). Savannah: Chatham-Effingham Liberty Regional Library (1857). Statesboro: Georgia Southern College Library (1939).

Valdosta: Valdosta State College Library (1956). GUAM

Agana: Nieves M. Flores Memorial Library (1962). Mangilao: University of Guam, Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Library

(1978). HAWAII

Hilo: University of Hawaii at Hilo Library (1962). Honolulu: Hawaii Medical Library, Inc. (1968). Hawaii State Library (1929). Municipal Reference & Records Center (1965). Supreme Court Law Library (1973). University of Hawaii Library (1907)-REGIONAL.

University of Hawaii, School of Law Library (1978). Laie: Brigham Young University, Hawaii Campus, Joseph F. Smith

Library (1964). Lihue: Kauai Regional Library (1967). Pearl City: Leeward Community College Library (1967). Wailuku: Maui Public Library (1962). IDAHO

Boise:Boise Public Library and Information Center (1929). Boise State University Library (1966). Idaho State Law Library (unknown). Idaho State Library (1971). Caldwell: College of Idaho, Terteling Library (1930). Moscow:

University of Idaho, College of Law Library (1978). University of Idaho Library (1907)-REGIONAL.

Pocatello: Idaho State University Library (1908). Rexburg: Ricks College, David O. McKay Library (1946). Twin Falls: College of Southern Idaho Library (1970). ILLINOIS

Bloomington: Illinois Wesleyan University Libraries (1964). Carbondale: Southern Illinois University, Morris Library (1932). Southern Illinois University, School of Law Library (1978).

Carlinville: Blackburn College, Lumpkin Library (1954). Carterville: Shawnee Library System (1971). Champaign: University of IlHnois, Law Library (1965). Charleston: Eastern Illinois University, Booth Library (1962). Chicago:

Chicago Public Library (1876). Chicago State University, Paul and Emily Douglas Library

(1954). DePaul University, Law Library (1979). Field Museum of Natural History Library (1963).

Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago-Kent College of Law Li- brary (1978).

Illinois Institute of Technology, Kemper Library (1982). John Crerar Library (1909). John Marshall Law School Library (1981). Loyola University of Chicago, E. M. Cudahy Memorial Library

(1966). Loyola University, School of Law Library" (1979). Northeastern Illinois University Library (1961). Northwestern University, School of Law Library (1978). University of Chicago, Law Library (1964). University of Chicago Library (1897). University of Illinois at Chicago Circle Library (1957). William J. Campbell Library of the U.S. Courts (1979).

68
Decatur: Decatur Public Library (1954). De Kalb: Northern Illinois University, College of Law Library (1978). Northern Illinois University, Founders' Memorial Library (1960). Des Plaines: Oakton Community College, Learning Resource Center

(1976). Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University, Lovejoy Memorial Li- brary (1959). Elsah: Principia College, Marshall Brooks Library (1957). Evanston: Northwestern University Library (1876). Freeport: Freeport Public Library (1905). Galesburg: Galesburg Public Library (1896). Jacksonville: MacMurray College, Henry Pfeiffer Library (1957). Kankakee: Olivet Nazarene College, Benner Library and Learning Resource Center (1946). Lake Forest: Lake Forest College, Donnelley Library (1962). Lebanon: McKendree College, Holman Library (1968).

Lisle: Illinois Benedictine College, Theodore F. Lownik Library

(1911). Macomb: Western Illinois University Libraries (1962). Moline: Black Hawk College, Learning Resources Center (1970). Monmouth: Monmouth College, Hewes Library (1860). Mt. Carmel: Wabash Valley College, Bauer Media Center (1975). Mt. Prospect: Mt. Prospect Public Library (1977). Normal: Illinois State University, Milner Library (1877). Oak Park: Oak Park Public Library (1963). Oglesby: Illinois Valley Community College, Jacobs Memorial Li- brary (1976). Palos Hills: Moraine Valley Community College Library (1972). Park Forest South: Governors' State University Library (1974). Peoria:Bradley University, Cullom-Davis Library (1963). Peoria Public Library (1883). River Forest: Rosary College, Rebecca Crown Library (1966). Rockford: Rockford Public Library (1895). Romeoville: Lewis University Library (1952). Springfield: Illinois State Library (unknown)-REGIONAL.

Streamwood: Poplar Creek Public Library District (1980). Urbana: University of Illinois Library (1907). Wheaton: Wheaton College Library (1964). Woodstock: Woodstock Public Library (1963). INDIANA

Anderson: Anderson College, Charles E. Wilson Library (1959). Bloomington:

Indiana University Library (1881). Indiana University, School of Law Library (1978). Crawfordsville: Wabash College, Lilly Library (1906). Evansville: Evansville and Vanderburgh County Public Library (1928). Indiana State University, Evansville Campus Library (1969). Fort Wayne:

Indiana-Purdue Universities, Helmke Library (1965). Allen County Public Library (1896). Franklin: Franklin College Library (1976). Gary:

Gary Public Library (1943). Indiana University, Northwest Campus Library (1966). Greencastle: De Pauw University, Roy O. West Library (1879). Hammond: Hammond Public Library (1964). Hanover: Hanover College, Duggan Library (1892). Huntington: Huntington College, Loew Alumni Library (1964). Indianapolis: Butler University, Irwin Library (1965). Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library (1906). Indiana State Library (unknown)-REGIONAL.

Indiana Supreme Court, Law Library (1975). Indiana University, School of Law Library (1967). Indiana University-Purdue University Library (1979). _Kokomo: Indiana University at Kokomo, Learning Resource Center

(1969). Lafayette: Purdue University Libraries and Audio-Visual Center

(1907). Muncie:

Ball State University Library (1959). Muncie Public Library (1906). New Albany: Indiana University, Southeastern Campus Library

(1965). Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame, Memorial Library (1883). Rensselaer: St. Joseph's College Library (1964). Richmond:

Earlham College, Lilly Library (1964). Morrison-Reeves Library (1906). South Bend: Indiana University at South Bend Library (1965). Terre Haute: Indiana State University, Cunningham Memorial Li- brary (1906). Valparaiso:

Valparaiso University, Moellering Memorial Library (1930). Valparaiso University, Law Library (1978). IOWA

Ames: Iowa State University Library (1907). Cedar Falls: University of Northern Iowa Library (1946). Council Bluffs: Free Public Library (1885). Iowa Western Community College, Herbert Hoover Library

(1972). Davenport: Davenport Public Library (1973). Des Moines: Drake University, Cowles Library (1966). Drake University, Law Library (1972). Public Library of Des Moines (1888). State Library of Iowa (unknown).

Dubuque:

Carnegie-Stout Public Library (unknown).

Loras College, Wahlert Memorial Library (1967). Fayette: Upper Iowa University, Henderson-Wilder Library (1974). Grinnell: Grinnell College Library (1874). Iowa City: University of Iowa College of Law, Law Library (1968). University of Iowa Libraries (1884)-REGIONAL.

Lamoni: Graceland College, Frederick Madison Smith Library

(1927). Mason City: North Iowa Area Community College Library (1976). Mount Vernon: Cornell College, Russell D. Cole Library (1896). Orange City: Northwestern College, Ramaker Library (1970). Sioux City: Sioux City Public Library (1894). KANSAS

Atchison: Benedictine College Library, North Campus (1965). Baldwin City: Baker University, Collins Library (1908). Colby: Colby Community College, H. F. Davis Memorial Library

(1968). Emporia: Emporia State University, William Allen White Library

(1909). Fort Scott: Fort Scott Community College, Learning Resources

Center Library (1979). Hays: Fort Hays State University, Forsyth Library (1926). Hutchinson: Hutchinson Public Library (1963). Lawrence:

University of Kansas, Law Library (1971). University of Kansas, Spencer Research Library (1869)-REGIONAL.

Manhattan: Kansas State University, Farrell Library (1907). Pittsburg: Pittsburg State University, Leonard H. Axe Library (1952).

Salina: Kansas Wesleyan University, Memorial Library (1930). Shawnee Mission: Johnson County Library (1979). Topeka:

69
Kansas State Ifistocical Sodety lAmy (1877)l giWMatc State Library (unknown^

K'MKjg Svpreme Court Law Library (1975). WasUmna Ihnveiaty of Topda, Law libiaiy (1971X ^ndnta: Wkidta State IMveisity Abbh Libtaiy (1901)l KENTUCKY

Asidand: Boyd County PnUic Libcary (194^

BartxMuviDe: Unioa CoQege, Abigvl £ Afemorial Libray

(1958). Bowling Green: Western Kentndcy IMveiaity. Hdm^i^vens

Gradnaie Center and Libcary (1934)l Ccestview IfiDs: Thomas Mme Odkge LiiKary (1970)l DanwiDe: Centre Coflege, Grace Doherty Library (1884). Frankfort: Kfi iUii A.y Department of Libraries and Ardnves (1967)l Kentucky State Law Library (imknown)-

Kentncky State Umvosity, Blazer Library (I972)l ffightanH Waists: Nottfaon KentiK^ Umvosity, W. Frank Stedy

La^ary (1973). Hopkinsvflle: HopkmsviDe Connnonity CcOegp Ubmy (197Q.

Lexington:

Univasity of Kentiicky Law Ubrary (1968). Univasity of Kaitndcy Libraries (1907)-REGIONAL.

LomsviDe:

LofDsviDe Free Pnblic Library (1904). Umvosty of Louisville, Eksbom Library (192S). Umversity of Looisviilev Law Lflxary (1975). Moidiead: Mmdiead State Univeisity. Camden-Camrfl Libcary

(1955). Mnrray: Murray State University. Watofidd Library (1924). Owensboro: Kentucky Wesleyan College Library Learning Center

0966).

Ridnnood: Easton Kentodcy University. Jaba Grant Oabbe Library

(1966). LOUISIANA

Baton Rouge:

Looistana State L^Hary (1976)l Louisiana State Univasity. Middleton Library (I907)-REGION- ALLouisiana State Univeisity. Fanl M. Hebert Law Center LAcary

(1929). Louisiana State Umvosity library (190r7)-REGIONAL.

Soufliem Univeisty Law Sdiool Library (1979)l Sootlimi Untvosity Library (1952). Eunice: Lonis^na State Umvosity at Eunice, LeDoox Library (1969). Hammond: Soodieastem Louisiana University, Sims Memorial Li- brary (1966). La&yette: University of Sootfawestem Louisiana Lflxary (1938). Lake Charles: McNeese State Univaaty, IjeAa E. Frazar Memorial

Lil»ary (1941). Monroe: Northeast Louisiana Univasity, Sandd Libcary (1963)l Natdiitocfaes: Noctliwestem State Universty. Watson MemwHl Li- brary (1887). New Orleans: Law Library of Louisiana (unknown)^

Loyola Univasity Library (1942). Loyola University, Law Library (1978). New Orleans Public Library (1883). Our Lady of Hcdy Ooss CdUege Library (1982)l Southern University in New Orleans Library (1962). Tulane Umversity. Howard-Tiltoa Memorial Libcary (1942)^ Tulane Univeisity Law Library (1976). University of New Orleans Earl K. Long Library (1963). U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit Library (1973).

Fineville: Louisiana CbD^e, Richard W. Norton Manorial Library

(1969).

Rnstoo: Louisiana Tediiiical Unrvosty. Prescoct Memorial L3my

(1896)-REGK»«AL.

Shreveport; Loufaana State University at Shreveport Libcary (1967)l ShRWB Memorial Obrary (1923). TUbodbax: MiAoOs State Umveisity. Elleiirier Memorial Liicary

(196Z)l MAINE

AngDSta:

Maine Law and L^islative Reference Lixaiy (1973)l Maine State Limey (orioiown).

Bangor: Bangor Pri&: Libcary (1884). Bnmswkl: Bowdoia CoD^ Library (1884). Castine: Maine Ikfaiitime Academy. Nnttmg Memorial LJbcacy (1969). Lewiston: Bates CbD^e. Gemge and Hden Ladd libcary (1883). Orono: University of Maine, Raymond H. ¥o0er Lfliracy (1907)-4tE- GIONAL.

Portland: Pcxtland Public library (1884). University of Maine Sdiocd of Law library (1964). Presqoe Isle: Univeisity of Maine at Presqne 1^ Library/Leamiiig Resources Center (1979). ^mngvale: Nasson CdD^e Library (1961). Waterville: Colby Ccdiege, MUkr Library (1884). MARYLAND

Annapolis:

Maryland State Law Library (unknown).

U.S. Naval Academy. Ntmitz Library (1895)l Balti more: Enoch Pratt Free Ubrary (1887)l Johns Hopkins Umvosity. Mihoo S. Eisenhower Library (1882). Morgan State College, Soper Library (1940) University of Baltimore. Umvessty library (1973). Univosity of Baltimore Law Liicary (1980). University of Maryland SchocJ of Law. Marshall Law Libcary

(1969). U.S. Court <a Appeals, 4th Orcuit Library (1982). Bd Ain Harford Cbmmimity Call^ LOxary (1967).

Beltsville: Department of Agricoltnce. National Agricultural Library

(1895). Bethesda: Department of Health and Human Sovices. Natioaal Li- brary of Medicine (1978). CatoosviDe: Umvosity of Maryland, Bahimme County, Umvosity Li- brary (1971). Oiestertown: Washington College, Clifton M. Miller Libcary (1891). Ccrfkge P^ University of Maryland. McKeidin Utxary (192S)-R&

GIONALCumbeiland: ADegany Community CdOefft Library (1974X

Frostburg: Frostbuig State CoQ^e Lilnary (1967). i^toxent Riven U.S. Naval Air Nation library (1968). RodcviDe: MootgooKry OMmty Department of PnUic Libraries

(1951). Salisbury: Sahdiury State CoD^e. Blackwdl library (196S)l Towson: Goocher CcOegis, Juha Rogras library (1966). Towson State Univeisity. Cook library (1979). Westminster: Weston Maryland College, Hoover library (1886). MASSACHUSETTS

Amherst: Amheist CoD^e Library (1884). University of Massachusetts, GoodeD library (1907). Boston: Boston Athenaeum Library (unknown).

70
Boston Public Library (1859)-REGIONAL.

Boston University School of Law, Pappas Law Library (1979). Northeastern University Dodge Library (1962). State Library of Massachusetts (unknown).

Suffolk University, Law Library (1979). Supreme Judicial Court, Social Law Library (1979). U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit Library (1978). Brookline: Public Library of Brookline (1925). Cambridge: Harvard College Library (1860). Harvard Law School Library (1981). Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries (1946). Chestnut Hill: Boston College, Bapst Library (1963). Chicopee: College of Our Lady of the Elms, Alumnae Library (1969). Lowell: University of Lowell, Alumni-Lydon Library (1952). Lynn: Lynn Public Library (1953). Marlborough: Marlborough Public Library (1971). Medford: Tufts University Library (1899). Milton: Curry College, Levin Library (1972). New Bedford: New Bedford Free Public Library (1858). Newton Centre: Boston College Law School Library (1979). North Dartmouth: Southeastern Massachusetts University Library

(1965). North Easton: Stonehill College, Cushing-Martin Library (1962). Springfield: Springfield City Library (1966). Western New England College, Law Library (1978). Waltham:

Brandeis University Library (1965). Waltham Public Library (1943). Wellesley: Wellesley College Library (1943).

, Wenham: Gordon College, Winn Library (1963). Williamstown: Williams College Library (unknown).

Worcester: American Antiquarian Society Library (1814). University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Lamar Soulier Li- brary (1972). Worcester Public Library (1859). MICHIGAN

Albion: Albion College, Stockwell Memorial Library (1966). Allendale: Grand Valley State College, Zumberge Library (1963). Alma: Alma College Library (1963). Ann Arbor:

University of Michigan, Harlan Hatcher Library (1884). University of Michigan, Law Library (1978). Benton Harbor: Benton Harbor Public Library (1907). Bloomfield Hills: Cranbrook Institute of Science Library (1940). Dearborn: Henry Ford Centennial Library (1969). Henry Ford Community College Library (1957). Detroit: Detroit College of Law Library (1979). Detroit Public Library (1868)-REGIONAL.

Marygrove College Library (1965). Mercy College of Detroit Library (1965). University of Detroit Library (1884). University of Detroit, School of Law Library (1978). Wayne State University, G. Flint Purdy Library (1937). Wayne State University, Arthur Neef Law Library (1971). Dowagiac: Southwestern Michigan College, Matthews Library

(1971). East Lansing: Michigan State University Library (1907). Farmington Hills: Oakland Community College, Martin L. King

Learning Resources Center, (1968).

Flint:Flint Public Library (1967). University of Michigan-Fhnt Library (1959). Grand Rapids: Calvin College & Seminary Library (1967).

Grand Rapids Public Library (1876). Houghton: Michigan Technological University Library (1876). Jackson: Jackson District Library (1965). Kalamazoo: Kalamazoo Public Library (1907). Western Michigan University, Dwight B. Waldo Library (1963). Lansing:

Michigan State Library (unknown)-REGIONAL.

Thomas M. Cooley Law School Library (1978). Livonia: Schoolcraft College Library (1962). Madison Heights: Madison Heights Public Library (1982). Marquette: Northern Michigan University, Olson Library (1963). Monroe: Monroe County Library System (1974). Ml. Clemens: Macomb County Library (1968). Mt. Pleasant: Central Michigan University Library (1958). Muskegon: Hackley Public Library (1894). Olivet: Olivet College Library (1974). Petoskey: North Central Michigan College Library (1962). Port Huron: Saint Clair County Library (1876). Rochester: Oakland University, Kresge Library (1964). Saginaw: Hoyt Public Library (1890). Sault Ste. Marie: Lake Superior State College, Kenneth Shouldice Li- brary (1982). Traverse City: Northwestern Michigan College, Mark Osterlin Li- brary (1964). University Center: Delta College Learning Resources Center (1963). Warren: Warren Public Library, Arthur J. Miller Branch (1973). Wayne: Wayne Oakland Library Federation (1957).

-Ypsilanti: Eastern Michigan University Library (1965). MICRONESIA

Community College of Micronesia Library (1982). MINNESOTA

Bemidji: Bemidji State University, A. C. Clark Library (1963). Collegeville: St. John's University, Alcuin Library (1954). Cottage Grove: Washington County Library-Park Grove (1983). Duluth: Duluth Public Library (1909). Edina: Southdale-Hennepin Area Library (1971) Mankato: Mankato State University Library (1962). Minneapolis:

Anoka County Library (1971). Minneapolis Public Library (1893). University of Minnesota, Law School Library (1978). University of Minnesota, Wilson Library (1907)-REGIONAL.

Moorhead: Moorhead State University Library (1956). Morris: University of Minnesota, Morris, Rodney Briggs Library

(1963). Northfield: Carieton College Library (1930).

St. Olaf College, Rolvaag Memorial Library (1930).

St. Cloud: St. Cloud State University, Learning Resources Center

(1962).

St. Paul: Hamline University, School of Law Library (1978). Minnesota Historical Society Library (1867). Minnesota State Law Library (unknown).

St. Paul Public Library (1914). University of Minnesota, St. Paul Campus Library (1974). William Mitchell College of Law Library (1979).

St. Peter: Gustavus Adolphus College Library (1941). Willmar: Crow River Regional Library (1958). Winona: Winona State University, Maxwell Library (1969). MISSISSIPPI

Cleveland: Delta State University, W. B. Roberts Library (1975).

71
Columbus: Mississippi State University for Women, John Clayton

Fant Memorial Library (1929). Hattiesburg: University of Southern Mississippi, Joseph A. Cook

Memorial Library (1935). Jackson: Jackson State University, Henry Thomas Sampson Library

(1968). Millsaps College, Millsaps-Wilson Library (1963). Mississippi College, School of Law Library (1977). Mississippi Library Commission (1947). Mississippi State Library (unknown). Lorman: Alcorn State University Library (1970). Mississippi State: Mississippi State University, Mitchell Memorial Li- brary (1907). University:

University of Mississippi Library (1833)-REGIONAL.

University of Mississippi, Law Library (1967). MISSOURI

Cape Girardeau: Southeast Missouri State University, Kent Library

(1916). Columbia:

University of Missouri at Columbia Library (1862). University of Missouri-Columbia, Law Library (1978). Fayette: Central Methodist College, George M. Smiley Library

(1962). Fulton: Westminster College, Reeves Library (1875). Jefferson City: Lincoln University, Inman E. Page Library (1944). Missouri State Library (1963). Missouri Supreme Court Library (unknown).

Joplin: Missouri Southern State College Library (1966). Kansas City: Kansas City Public Library (1881). Rockhurst College, Greenlease Library (1917). University of Missouri at Kansas City, General Library (1938). University of Missouri-Kansas City, Leon E. Bloch Law Library

(1978). Kirksville: Northeast Missouri State University, Pickler Memorial Li- brary (1966). Liberty: William Jewell College, Charles F. Curry Library (1900). Maryville: Northwest Missouri State University, Wells Library

(1982). Rolla: University of Missouri-Rolla, Curtis Laws Wilson Library

(1907).

St. Charles: Lindenwood Colleges, Margaret Leggat Butler Library

(1973).

St. Joseph: St. Joseph Public Library (1891).

St. Louis: Maryville College Library (1976).

St. Louis County Library (1970).

St. Louis Public Library (1866).

St. Louis University Law Library (1967).

St. Louis University, Pius XII Memorial Library (1966). University of Missouri at St. Louis, Thomas Jefferson Library

(1966). U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit Library (1972). Washington University, John M. Olin Library (1906). Washington University Law Library (1978). Springfield: Drury College Walker Library (1874). Southwest Missouri State University Library (1963). Warrensburg: Central Missouri State University, Ward Edwards Li- brary (1914). MONTANA

Billings: Eastern Montana College Library (1924). Bozeman: Montana State University Renne Library (1907).

Butte: Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology Library

(1901). Havre: Northern Montana College Library (1980). Helena:

Carroll College Library (1974). Montana Historical Society Library (unknown). Montana State Library (1966). State Law Library of Montana (1977). Missoula: University of Montana Maurene & Mike Mansfield Library

(1909)-REGIONAL.

NEBRASKA

Blair: Dana College, Dana-LIFE Library (1924). Crete: Doane College, Perkins Library (1944). Fremont: Midland Lutheran College Luther Library (1924). Kearney: Kearney State College, Calvin T. Ryan Library (1962). Lincoln: Nebraska Library Commission (1972)-REGIONAL.

Nebraska State Library (unknown).

University of Nebraska-Lincoln, College of Law Library (1981). University of Nebraska-Lincoln, D. L. Love Memorial Library

(1907)-REGIONAL.

Omaha:

Creighton University, Alumni Memorial Library (1964). Creighton University Law. Library (1979). Omaha Public Library, W. Dale Clark Library (1880). University of Nebraska at Omaha, University Library (1939). Scottsbluff: Scottsbluff Public Library (1925). Wayne: Wayne State College, U.S. Conn Library (1970). NEVADA

Carson City: Nevada State Library (unknown).

Nevada Supreme Court Library (1973). Las Vegas:

Clark County Library District (1974). University of Nevada at Las Vegas, James Dickinson Library

(1959). Reno:

National Judicial College, Law Library (1979). Nevada Historical Society Library (1974). University of Nevada Library (1907)-REGIONAL.

Washoe County Library (1980). NEW HAMPSHIRE

Concord:

Franklin Pierce Law Center Library (1973). New Hampshire State Library (unknown).

Durham: University of New Hampshire Library (1907). Hanover: Dartmouth College Library (1884). Henniker: New England College Danforth Library (1966). Manchester: Manchester City Library (1884). New Hampshire College, H. A. B. Shapiro Memorial Library

(1976).

St. Anselm's College, Geisel Library (1963). Nashua: Nashua Public Library (1971). NEW JERSEY

Bayonne: Bayonne Free Public Library (1909). Bloomfield: Bloomfield Public Library (1965). Bridgeton: Cumberland County Library (1966). Camden:

Rutgers University, Camden Library (1966). Rutgers University, School of Law Library (1979).

72
Convent Station: College of St. Elizabeth, Mahoney Library (1938). East Brunswick: East Brunswick Public Library (1977). East Orange: East Orange Public Library (1966). Elizabeth: Free Public Library of Elizabeth (1895). Glassboro: Glassboro State College, Savitz Learning Resource Center

(1963). Hackensack: Johnson Free Public Library (1966). Irvington: Free Public Library of Irvington (1966). Jersey City: Jersey City Public Library (1879). Jersey City State College, Forrest A. Irwin Library (1963). Lawrenceville: Rider College, Franklin F. Moore Library (1975). Madison: Drew University, Rose Memorial Library (1939). Mahwah: Ramapo College Library (1971). Mount Holly: Burlington County Library (1966). New Brunswick: New Brunswick Free Public Library (1908). Rutgers University Alexander Library (1907). Newark: Newark Public Library (1906)-REGIONAL.

Rutgers, The State University, John Cotton Dana Library (1966). Rutgers, The State University, Law School, Newark (1979). Seton Hall University Law Library (1979). Passaic: Passaic Public Library (1964). Pemberton: Burlington County College Library (1979). Phillipsburg: Phillipsburg Free Public Library (1976).

Plainfield: Plainfield Public Library (1971). Pomona: Stockton State College Library (1972). Princeton: Princeton University Library (1884). Randolph Township: County College of Morris Sherman H. Masten

Learning Resource Center (1975). Rutherford: Fairleigh Dickinson University, Messier Library (1953). Shrewsbury: Monmouth County Library (1968). South Orange: Seton Hall University, McLaughlin Library (1947). Teaneck: Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck/Hackensack

Campus Library (1963). Toms River: Ocean County College, Learning Resources Center

(1966). Trenton: New Jersey State Library (unknown). Trenton Free Public Library (1902). Union: Kean College of New Jersey, Nancy Thompson Library

(1973). Upper Montclair: Montclair State College, Harry S. Sprague Library

(1967). Wayne: Wayne Public Library (1972). West Long Beach: Monmouth College, Guggenheim Memorial Li- brary (1963). Woodbridge: Free Public Library of Woodbridge (1965). NEW MEXICO

Albuquerque:

University of New Mexico, Medical Center Library (1973). University of New Mexico, School of Law Library (1973). University of New Mexico, General Library (1896)-REGION- AL.

Hobbs: New Mexico Junior College, Pannell Library (1969). Las Cruces: New Mexico State University Library (1907). Las Vegas: New Mexico Highlands University, Donnelly Library

(1913). Portales: Eastern New Mexico University, Golden Library (1962). Santa Fe: New Mexico State Library (1960)-REGIONAL.

New Mexico Supreme Court Law Library (unknown).

Silver City: Western New Mexico University, Miller Library (1972). NEW YORK

Albany:

Albany Law School Library (1979). New York State Library (unknown)-REGIONAL.

State University of New York at Albany, University Library

(1964). Auburn: Seymour Library (1972). Bayside: Queensborough Community College Library (1972). Binghamton: State University of New York at Binghamton, Glenn G.

Bartle Library (1962). Brockport: State University of New York at Brockport, Drake

Memorial Library (1967). Bronx:Fordham University Library (1937). Herbert H. Lehman College Library (1967). New York Public Library, Mott Haven Branch (1973). State University of New York, Maritime College, Stephen B. Luce Library (1947). Brooklyn:

Brooklyn College Library (1936). Brooklyn Law School Library (1974). Brooklyn Public Library (1908). Polytechnic Institute of New York, Spicer Library (1963). Pratt Institute Library (1891). State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center Li- brary (1958). Buffalo: Buffalo and Erie County Public Library (1895). State University of New York at Buffalo, Charles B. Sears Law

Library (1978). State University of New York at Buffalo, Lockwood Memorial

Library (1963). Canton: St. Lawrence University, Owen D. Young Library (1920). Cheektowaga: Cheektowaga Public Library, Reinstein Memorial

Branch (1978). Coming: Corning Community College, Arthur A. Houghton, Jr., Li- brary (1963). Cortland: State University of New York at Cortland, Memorial Li- brary (1964). Delhi: State University Agricultural and Technical College Library

(1970). Douglaston: Cathedral College Library (1971). East Islip: East Islip Public Library (1973). Elmira: Elmira College, Gannett Tripp Learning Center (1956). Farmingdale: State University of New York at Farmingdale Library

(1917). Flushing: Queens College, Paul Klapper Library (1939). Garden City: Adelphi University, Swirbul Library (1966). Geneseo: State University of New York at Geneseo, Milne Library

(1967). Greenvale: Long Island University, B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Li- brary (1964). Hamilton: Colgate University, Everett Needham Case Library (1902). Hempstead:

Hofstra University Library (1964). Hofstra University, School of Law Library (1979). Ithaca:Cornell University Library (1907). Cornell Law Library (1978). New York State College of Agriculture and Human Economics,

Albert R. Mann Library (1943). Jamaica: Queens Borough Public Library (1926).

St. John's University Library (1956).

St. John's University, School of Law Library (1978). Kings Point: U.S. Merchant Marine Academy Library (1962). Long Island City: Fiorello H. LaGuardia Community College Li- brary (1981). Mount Vernon: Mount Vernon Public Library (1962). New Paltz: State University College at New Paltz, Sojourner Truth

Library (1965). New York City: Cardoza Law School Library (1979). City University of New York, City College Library (1884).

73
College of Insurance Library (1965). Columbia University Libraries (1882). Columbia University, School of Law Library (1981). Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Arts Library

(1930). Medical Library Center of New York (1976). New York Law Institute Library (1909). New York Law School Library (1979).

, New York Public Library, Astor Branch (1907). New York Public Library, Lenox Branch (1884). New York University Law Library (1902). New York University, Elmer Holmes Bobst Library (1967). U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit Library (1976). Yeshiva University, Pollack Library (1979). Newburgh: Newburgh Free Library (1909). Niagara Falls: Niagara Falls Public Library (1976). Oakdale: Dowling College Library (1965). Oneonta: State University College at Oneonta, James M. Milne Li- brary (1966). Oswego: State University College at Oswego, Penfield Library

(1966). Plattsburgh: State University College at Plattsburgh, Benjamin F. Feinberg Library (1967). Potsdam:

Clarkson College of Technology, Harriet Call Bumap Memorial

Library (1938). State University College at Potsdam, Frederick W. Crumb

Memorial Library (1964). Poughkeepsie: Vassar College Library (1943). Purchase: State University of New York, College at Purchase Library

(1969). Rochester: Rochester Public Library (1963). University of Rochester Rush Rhees Library (1880).

St. Bonaventure: St. Bonaventure University, Friedsam Memorial Li- brary (1938). Saratoga Springs: Skidmore College Library (1964). Schenectady: Union College, Schaffer Library (1901). Southampton: Southampton College Library (1973). Staten Island: Wagner College, Horrmann Library (1953). Stony Brook: State University of New York at Stony Brook, Main Li- brary (1963). Syracuse: Onondaga County Public Library (1978). Syracuse University Library (1878). Syracuse University, William C. Ruger Law Library (1978). Troy: Troy Public Library (1869). Uniondale: Nassau Library System (1965). Utica:Utica Public Library (1885). SUNY College of Technology Library (1977). West Point: U.S. Military Academy Cadet Library (unknown).

White Plains: Pace University, Law School Library (1978). Yonkers: Sarah Lawrence College Library (1969). Yonkers Public Library, Getty Square Branch (1910). Yorktown Heights: Mercy College Library (1976). NORTH CAROLINA

Asheville: University of North Carolina, D. Hiden Ramsey Library

(1965). Boiling Springs: Gardner-Webb College, Dover Memorial Library

(1974). Boone: Appalachian State University Library (1963). Buies Creek: Campbell College, Carrie Rich Memorial Library

(1965). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Wilson Library

(1884)-REGIONAL.

University of North Carolina Law Library (1978).

Charlotte: Public Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County (1964). Queens College, Everett Library (1927). University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Atkins Library (1964). Cullowhee: Western Carolina University, Hunter Library (1953). Davidson: Davidson College Library (1893). Durham:

Duke University, School of Law Library (1978). Duke University, William R. Perkins Library (1890). North Carolina Central University, Law Library (1979). North Carolina Central University, James E. Shepard Memorial

Library (1973). Elon College: Iris Holt McEwen Library (1971). Fayetteville: Fayetteville State University, Charles W. Chesnutt Li- brary (1971). Greensboro: North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, F. D. Bluford Library (1937). University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Walter Clinton Jackson Library (1963). Greenville: East Carolina University, J. Y. Joyner Library (1951). Laurinburg: St. Andrews Presbyterian College, DeTamble Library

(1969). Lexington: Davidson County Public Library (1971). Mount Olive: Mount Olive College, Moye Library (1971). Murfreesboro: Chowan College, Whitaker Library (1963). Pembroke: Pembroke State University, Mary H. Livermore Library

(1956). Raleigh:

Department of Cultural Resources, Division of State Library

(unknown). North Carolina State University, D. H. Hill Library (1923). North Carolina Supreme Court Library (1972). Wake County Public Library (1969). Rocky Mount: North Carolina Wesleyan College Library (1969). Salisbury: Catawba College Library (1925). Wilmington: University of North Carolina at Wilmington, William M.

Randall Library (1965). Wilson: Atlantic Christian College, Hackney Library (1930). Winston-Salem:

Forsyth County Public Library (1954). Wake Forest University, Z. Smith Reynolds Library (1902). NORTH DAKOTA

Bismarck: North Dakota State Library (1971). North Dakota Supreme Court Law Library (unknown).

State Historical Society of North Dakota Library (1907). Veterans' Memorial Public Library (1967). Dickinson: Dickinson State College, Stoxen Library (1968). Fargo:Fargo Public Library (1964). North Dakota State University Library (1907)-REGIONAL, in cooperation with University of North Dakota, Chester

Fritz Library.

Grand Forks: University of North Dakota, Chester Fritz Library

(1890). Minot: Minot State College, Memorial Library (1925). Valley City: Valley City State College Library (1913). OHIO

Ada: Ohio Northern University, J. P. Taggart Law Library (1965). Akron:Akron-Summit Public Library (1952). University of Akron, Bierce Library (1963). University of Akron, C. Blake McDowell Law Center, School of Law Library (1978). Alliance: Mount Union College Library (1888). Ashland: Ashland College Library (1938).

74
AdKos: Ohio UuivciMty Uxaiy (1886). BatsvB: Umveisity of Oncimiali at Batavia, Cknnoat Geneial and Tedmkai CaOegp library (1973).

Blnffloii: BlnfiRon CdOegs. Ifnodman Libnry (1951). Bowfing Gfeen: Bowimg Green State University LBiiary (1933). C^HiOB: Hakne iMOege, Everett I- Cattdl Library (1970). CbatOaaz Geanga Coonty Public library (1971)l

nblic LSnary of Cincinnati and Hamilton Coonty (188^

UMveiiity of Cincinnati, Central Library (1929). Unvasity of Cincinnati, CoQ^e of Law, Marx Law Litany

(1978). Oevdand:

Cne Western Reserve Univeisity, FreSierger Library (1913). CaK Western Reserve University. Schocd of Law Libiary (1979). Ckvdnd Heights-University Hdgjits Pnbiic Library (1970). Clevdand Pnbiic Lfl>rary (1886)l Oevdand State Univeisity, Clevdand-Mardiall CbDe^ of Law.

Joseirfi W. Bartnnek m Law Library (1978). CSevdand State University Library (196^

John CarroD Umveisity. Giassdli Library (1963). Mnridpal Reference Lflwary (1970)l OdambiK

G^iilal University Law School Library (1980)^ Gqiital Univasity library (1968). CNno State Unrvetsity Libraiies (1907). duo SopTeme Court Law LilHary (1973)l PUUic Library of Colombos and Franklin County (188S)l State Library of Ohio (Dnknown)-REGIONAL.

Dayton:

Dayton and Montgomeiy Coonty Pnbiic Library (1909)l Umveisity of Daytoo, Roesch Library (1969)l Wrigjit State University Ldirary (1965). Ddawaie: Ohio Wesleyan Univeisity. L. A. Be^ily Library (184S)l

Elyria: Elyria PoUic LSirary (1966)l Findl^ Findlay CUUege. Shafa Library (1969)l Gambler: Kenyon CalOess Library (1873). Granville: Denisoa Univasity Libraries, William H. Doane Libraiy

(1884). Hiram: Hiram CoDe^ TeacJioiit-Price Memorial Lflnary (1874). Kent: Kent State Univeisity Litearies (1962). Marietta: Marietta Orikge, Dawes Memorial LAiary (188^

Marion: Marion PnUic Library (1979). KGddktown: Miami Univeisity-Middletown, Gardner-Harvey U>rary

(1970). New Concord: MnsidngDm CcOsgs Library (196Ql

Oberlin: CNierlin CaOegf: Library (18S8). Oxford: Miami Univeisity at Orford, King Library (1909). Pbttsmooth: Portsmooth Public Libraiy (unknown).

Rio Grande: Rio Grande CoDe^e and Commnnity Odkge. Jeanette Allnez Davis Library (1966). Springfidd: Warder Public Libraiy (1884). SteubenviDe: PuUic Library of Steidtenville and JeSeisoo Cbonty (1950). CoUcbs of Steobenville, Starvaggi Memorial Library (1971).

TifiBn: HeiddbCTg Odlege, Be^ily library (1964). Toledo: Toledo-Lucas County PuUic Library (1884). Univeisity of Toledo. College of Law Library (1981). Umveisity <rf' Toledo Library (1963). WesterviOe: Otteibein Cdaegs Couitii^t Memorial library (1967). Woosler: College of Wooster, Andrews Library (1966). Youngstown:

Pnbiic library of Youngstown and Mahoning County (1923). Youngstown State Univeisity. William F. Maag library (1971). OKLAHOMA

Ada: East Central Oklahoma State Univosity. Linscheid Library

(1914). Alva: Northwestern Oklahoma State University Library (1907).

BartksviDe: U.S. Department of Energy. Bar&sviDe &iergy

Research Center LSiiary (1962). Bethany: Bethany Nazarene Coil^ R. T. WiOiams Library (1971)l Durant: Southeastern OUahoma State Univeisity Libraiy (1929). Edmond: Central State University Library (1934). Enid: Pnbiic Library of Enid and Garfield County (1908). Langston: Langston Univeisity, G. Lamar Harrison Library (1941). Mndmeee: Muskogee PnbHc Libraiy (1971)l Nonnan:

Univeisity of CMdahoma Libranes, Bizzell Memorial Library

(1893). Univosity of Oidahoma, Law library (1978). Oklahoma City:

Metropolitan Library System (1974). Oklaboma City University liinary (1963). Oklahoma Departmoit of Libraries (1893>-REGIONAL.

Shawnee: Oklahoma Baptist Univeisity library (1933). SliDwata: Oklahoma State Uraveraty library (1907)-REGIONAL.

Tahlequah: Northeaston Oklahoma State University, Joim Vanghan

Library (1923). Tuba:

Tulsa Oty-Cbunty Library System (1963). Univeraty of Tulsa Collie of Law Libraiy (1979)^ University of Tulsa, McFartin library (1929). Weatbeifoid: Southwestern Oldahoma State Univeisity, Al Harris Li- brary (1958). OREGON

Ashland: Sontheni Or^on State CoH^ Library (1953)l CorvaDis: Or^on State University Library (1907). Eugene:

Umveisity of Or^on Law Lfliraiy (1979)l Univeisity of Oi^m Liinary (1883). Forest Grove: Pftdfic Univeisity, Harvey W. Scott library (1897). Klamath Falls: Or^on Institute of Technology, Learning and

Resources Center (1982). La Grande: Eastern Oregon College, Walter M. Pierce Library

(1954). McMinnviDe: Linfield CbD^e. Northup Library (196S)l Monmouth: Western Or^m State Cblkge Library (1967)l Poitland: Lewis and Clark College, Aubrey R. Walzek Library (1967). library Association of Porfland (1884). Northwestern School of Law, Paiil L. Boley Law Library

(1979). Portland State Universty library (1963)-REGIONAL.

Reed College Ubrary (1912). U.S. Departmoit of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration Li- brary (l%2).

Sakm:

Or^on State Lilirary (nnknown>.

Oregon Supreme Court Liijrary (1974). WiUamette University, CaBegis of Law Liinary (1979). Winamette Univa^, Main Ubrary (1969). PENNSYLVANIA

AOentown: Muhlenberg CbDege, Haas Library (1939). Altoona: Altoona Area Public Library (1969). Bedid P^ Bethel Park Public Library (1980). Bethldiem: Leingh Univeisity Libraries, linderman Library (1876). Blue Bell: Montgomery County Community CoD^e, Learning

Resources Center (1975). Bradford: Univeisty of Pittsburgh at Bradford (1979).

Carlisle: Dickinson CdDege. Boyd Lee ^»hr Library (1947). Dickinson School of Law, Sheeley-Lee Law Library (1978).

Clieyiiey: Cheyney State College, Leslie Pinclmey Hill Liiirary (1967). CoDegeviDe: Uisinus CoD^e. Myrin Library (1963).

75
Coraopolis: Robert Morris College Library (1978). Doylestown: Bucks County Free Library (1970). East Stroudsburg: East Stroudsburg State College, Kemp Library

(1966). Erie: Erie County Library System (1897). Greenville: Thiel College, Langenheim Memorial Library (1963). Harrisburg: State Library of Pennsylvania (unknown)-REGIONAL.

Haverford: Haverford College, Magill Library (1897). Hazleton: Hazleton Area Public Library (1964). Indiana: Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Rhodes R. Stabley Li- brary (1962). Johnstown: Cambria County Library System (1965). Lancaster: Franklin and Marshall College, Fackenthal Library (1895). Lewisburg: Bucknell University, Ellen Clarke Bertrand Library

(1963). Mansfield: Mansfield State College Library (1968). Meadville: Allegheny College, Lawrence Lee Pelletier Library

(1907).

Millersville: Millersville State College, Helen A. Ganser Library

(1966). Monessen: Monessen Public Library (1969). New Castle: New Castle Public Library (1963). Newtown: Bucks County Community College Library (1968). Norristown: Montgomery County-Norristown Public Library (1969). Philadelphia: Drexel University Library (1963). Free Library of Philadelphia (1897).

St. Joseph's University, Drexel Library (1974). Temple University, Paley Library (1947). Temple University Law Library (1979). Thomas Jefferson University, Scott Memorial Library (1978). U.S. Court of Appeals, Third Circuit Library (1973). University of Pennsylvania, Biddle Law Library (1974). University of Pennsylvania Library (1886). Pittsburgh:

Allegheny County Law Library (1977). Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, Allegheny Regional Branch

(1924). Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh (1895). Duquesne University Law Library (1978). La Roche College, John J. Wright Library (1974). University of Pittsburgh, Hillman Library (1910). University of Pittsburgh Law Library (1979). U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Mines Library (1962).

Pottsville: Pottsville Free Public Library (1967). Reading: Reading Public Library (1901). Scranton: Scranton Public Library (1895). Shippensburg: Shippensburg State College, Ezra Lehman Memorial

Library (1973). Slippery Rock: Slippery Rock State College, Bailey Library (1965). Swarthmore: Swarthmore College Library (1923). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Libraries (1907). Villanova: Villanova University Law School, Pulling Law Library

(1964). Warren: Warren Library Association, Warren Public Library (1885). Washington: Washington and Jefferson College, U. Grant Miller Li- brary (1884). Waynesburg: Waynesburg College Library (1964). West Chester: West Chester State College, Francis Harvey Green Li- brary (1967). Wilkes-Barre: King's College, D. Leonard Corgan Library (1949). Williamsport: Lycoming College Library (1970). York: York College of Pennsylvania, Schmidt Library (1963). Youngwood: Westmoreland County Community College, Learning Resources Center (1972). PUERTO RICO

Mayaguez: University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus Library

(1928). Ponce:

Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Encarnacion Valdes Library

(1966). Catholic University of Puerto Rico, School of Law Library

(1978). Rio Piedras: University of Puerto Rico, General Library (1928). RHODE ISLAND

Kingston: University of Rhode Island Library (1907). Newport: U.S. Naval War College Library (1963). Providence: Brown University, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library (unknown).

Providence College, Phillips Memorial Library (1969). Providence Public Library (1884). Rhode Island College, James P. Adams Library (1965). Rhode Island State Law Library (1979). Rhode Island State Library (before 1895). Warwick: Warwick Public Library (1966). Westerly: Westerly Public Library (1909). Woonsocket: Woonsocket Harris Public Library (1977). SOUTH CAROLINA

Charleston:

Baptist College at Charleston, L. Mendel Rivers Library (1967). The Citadel, Daniel Library (1962). College of Charleston, Robert Scott Small Library (1869). Clemson: Clemson University Library (1893). Columbia:

Benedict College, Payton Learning Resources Center (1969). South Carolina State Library (before 1 895). University of South Carolina, Thomas Cooper Library (1884). Conway: University of South Carolina, Coastal Carolina College,

Kimbel Library (1974). Due West: Erskine College, McCain Library (1968). Florence: Florence County Library (1967). Francis Marion College, James A. Rogers Library (1970). Greenville: Furman University Library (1962). Greenville County Library (1966). Greenwood: Lander College, Larry A. Jackson Library (1967). Orangeburg: South Carolina State College, Miller F. Whittaker Li- brary (1953). Rock Hill: Winthrop College, Dacus Library (1896). Spartanburg: Spartanburg County Public Library (1967). SOUTH DAKOTA

Aberdeen: Northern State College Library (1963). Brookings: South Dakota State University, H. M. Briggs Library

(1889).

Pierre:South Dakota State Library (1973). South Dakota Supreme Court Library (1978). Rapid City: Rapid City Public Library (1963). South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Devereaux Li- brary (1963). Sioux Falls: Augustana College, Mikkelsen Library and Learning Resource

Center (1969). Sioux Falls Public Library (1903). Spearfish: Black Hills State College Library Learning Center (1942). Vermillion: University of South Dakota, I. D. Weeks Library (1889). Yankton: Yankton College, James Lloyd Library (1904).

76
TENNESSEE

Bristol: King College, E. W. King Library (1970). Chattanooga:

Chattanooga-Hamilton County Bicentennial Library (1908). U.S. Tennessee Valley Authority Technical Library (1976). Clarksville: Austin Peay State University, Felix G. Woodward Li- brary (1945). Cleveland: Cleveland State Community College Library (1973). Columbia: Columbia State Community College, John W. Finney

Memorial Library (1973). Cookeville: Tennessee Technological University, Jere Whitson

Memorial Library (1969). Jackson: Lambuth College, Luther L. Gobbel Library (1967). Jefferson City: Carson-Newman College Library (1964). Johnson City: East Tennessee State University, Sherrod Library

(1942). Knoxville:

Public Libraries Knoxville-Knox County, Lawson McGhee Li- brary (1973). University of Tennessee at Knoxville, James D. Hoskins Library

(1907). University of Tennessee Law Library (1971). Martin: University of Tennessee at Martin, Paul Meek Library (1957). Memphis:

Memphis-Shelby County Public Library and Information Center

(1896). Memphis State University, Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law

Library (1979). Memphis State University, John W. Brister Library (1966). Murfreesboro: Middle Tennessee State University, Todd Library

(1912). Nashville: Fisk University Library (1965). Public Library of Nashville and Davidson County (1884). Tennessee State Law Library (1976). Tennessee State Library and Archives (unknown).

Tennessee State University, Brown-Daniel Library (1972). Vanderbilt University Law Library (1976). Vanderbilt University Library (1884). Sewanee: University of the South, Jesse Ball duPont Library (1873). TEXAS

Abilene: Abilene Christian University, Margaret and Herman Brown Li- brary (1978). Hardin-Simmons University, Rupert and Pauline Richardson Li- brary (1940). Arlington:

Arlington Public Library (1970). University of Texas at Arlington Library (1963). Austin: Texas State Law Library (1972). Texas State Library (unknown)-REGIONAL.

University of Texas at Austin, Perry-Castaneda Library (1884). University of Texas at Austin, Lyndon B. Johnson School of

Public Affairs Library (1966). University of Texas at Austin, Tarlton Law Library (1965). Baytown: Lee College Library (1970). Beaumont: Lamar University, Mary and John Gray Library (1957). Brownwood: Howard Payne University, Walker Memorial Library

(1964). Canyon: West Texas State University, Cornett Library (1928). College Station: Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University Li- brary (1907). Commerce: East Texas State University Library (1937). Corpus Christi: Corpus Christi State University Library (1976). Corsicana: Navarro College, Gaston T. Gooch Library (1965). Dallas:Bishop College, Zale Library (1966).

Dallas Baptist College, Vance Memorial Library (1967). Dallas Public Library (1900). Southern Methodist University, Fondren Library (1925). University of Texas Health Science Center-Dallas Library

(1975). Denton: North Texas State University Library (1948). Edinburg: Pan American University Library (1959). El Paso: El Paso Public Library (1906). University of Texas at El Paso Library (1966). Fort Worth:

Fort Worth Public Library (1905). Texas Christian University, Mary Couts Burnett Library (1916). Galveston: Rosenberg Library (1909). Houston: Houston Public Library (1884). North Harris County College, Learning Resource Center (1974). Rice University, Fondren Library (1967). South Texas College of Law Library (1981). Texas Southern University, Thurgood Marshall School of Law

Library (1982). University of Houston at Clear Lake City Library (1980). University of Houston Library (1957). University of Houston, School of Law Library (1979). Huntsville: Sam Houston State University Library (1949). Irving: Irving Public Library System (1974). Kingsville: Texas Arts and Industries University, Jernigan Library

(1944). Laredo: Laredo Junior College, Harold R. Yeary Library (1970). Longview: Nicholson Memorial Public Library (1961). Lubbock:

Texas Tech University Library (1935)-REGIONAL.

Texas Tech University, School of Law Library (1978). Marshall: Wiley College, Thomas Winston Cole, Sr. Library (1962). Nacogdoches: Stephen F. Austin State University, Steen Library

(1965). Plainview: Wayland Baptist University, Van Howeling Memorial Li- brary (1963). Richardson: University of Texas at Dallas Library (1972). San Angelo: Angelo State University, Porter Henderson Library

(1964). San Antonio: San Antonio College Library (1972). San Antonio Public Library, (1899).

St. Mary's University, Academic Library (1964).

St. Mary's University, Law Library (1982). Trinity University Library (1964). University of Texas at San Antonio Library (1973). San Marcos: Southwest Texas State University Library (1955). Seguin: Texas Lutheran College, Blumberg Memorial Library (1970). Sherman: Austin College, Arthur Hopkins Library (1963). Texarkana: Texarkana Community College, Palmer Memorial Library

(1963). Victoria: Victoria College/University of Houston, Victoria Campus

Library (1973). Waco:

Baylor University, Law Library (1982). Baylor University, Moody Memorial Library (1905). Wichita Falls: Midwestern University, Moffett Library (1963). UTAH

Cedar City: Southern Utah State College Library (1964). Ephraim: Snow College, Lucy A. Phillips Library (1963). Logan: Utah State University, Merrill Library and Learning Resources Center (1907)-REGIONAL.

Ogden: Weber State College, Stewart Library (1962). Provo:Brigham Young University, Harold B. Lee Library (1908). Brigham Young University, J. Reuben Clark Law Library (1972).

Salt Lake City:

77
UiiivetMly ofUtah. Eccks Health Scioices Libtaiy (197«9. UniwiMty of Utah, Law library (1966). Unhreisity of Utah, Mankitt library (1893). Utah Slate Library (unknown).

Utah State Snpieme Comt, Law Lilnary (197S). VERMONT

Bartmgtoii: Univeiaty of Vermont. Bailey/Howe Library (1907)l

Caslleloii: Castlelon State CbOe^ Calvin Coolidgc LilHary (1969)l Jdhnson: Jdfansoa State Colk^ John Dewey Library (I95S)l Lyndonville: Lyndon State College, Samoel Reed Hall Lfljfary (1969). Mk&lkjMiry: Mkldiefoury Oillege, Egbert Starr Library (1884)- Montpefien Vermont I>epartnient of Libraries (before 189S)l Nartb&ddz Norwich Univosity Library (1908). Sondi Royalton: Vermont Law School Library (1978)l VIRGIN ISLANDS

St. Croix: Fioroice Willianis Pabhc Library (1974).

St. Thomas:

CoD^e of the Virgin Maiwfa, Ralph M. Paiewonsky Libivy

(1973)l Enid M. Baa Library and Archives (1968X

VIRGINIA

Alexandria: Dept. of the Navy. General Law library (1963)l

Aifii^llDa: Geor;^ Mason Univosty ScJiool of Law Library (1981). Blat^dmrig: Virginia Polytechnic Institnte and State University, Carol M. Newman library (1907). Bridgwater: Bridgewater CbD^^ Alexandor Mack Memorial Li- brary (19Q2)l

Charlottesville: Univasity of Virginia, Aldoman Library (1910>-REGIONAL.

University of Virginia Law School, Arthur J. Morris Law Li- brary (1964)l Oiesapeake: Chesqieake PnUic library (1970)l Danville: Danville Community College, Learning Resources Center

(1969). Emory: Emory and Hany CbD^e. KeDy Library (1884). Fairfia: Geoigie Mason Univeisity, Fenwidi Library (1960X

FrederidAarg: Mary WaidiiiigiaB CoD^ie, E. Lee TrinUe library

(1940). Hampden-Sydney: Hampden-Sydney Ctdkge. Eg^estoa Ubrary

(1891). Hampton: Hampton Institute, Hmdington Memorial library (1977)l Harrisonborg: James Madison Univoaty. Madison Memorial LArary

(1973)l Hdfins CbD^e: HoDiiis Colk^ Fishbrnn library (1967). Lennglon:

Vir0B^ Military Institute, Preston Library (1874). W^iington and Lee Univergty. Umvosity library (1910)l Washington and Lee University, Wilbur C. Hall Law Library

(1978). Martinsville: Patrick Hany Cbmmonity CaStege library (1971). Norfolk: Norfolk Poblic Library (189S). Old Dominion Umveisty lilnary (1963). US. Armed Forces Staff College library (1963)l Peterdmrg: Virginia State University, Johnston Memorial Lfiiiary

(1907). Qnantico: Federal Bnrean of Investigation, Academy library (1970). Marine Corps Education Center, James Carson Brec^inrid^ Li- brary (1967). Reston: Dq>artment of the Interior, Geological Survey, National Ceata Library (1962). Richmond:

Ifanoa^ ofRicfaiioad, Boatwi^^ Memnrial Libiary (1900)1 Univeisily ofRidmond. Law Sdnd Llxaiy (1982)l U.S. Court of Appeals. Fooifli Circuit Lflnary (1973)l Virginia CommmweaMi Univetsity, James Brandi Cabdl li- brary (1971X

Virginia State Law library (1973). Virginia State library (unknown)! Roanoke: RoaiKAe PdUic Library (1964)l Salem: Roanoke CoOc^ library (1886). VmHamsburg:

College of William and Mary, MarsbaD-Wythe Law Library

(1978). College of William and Mary, Swem library (1936)l Wise: Clindi Valley CoD^^ John Cook Wythe Liteary (1971)l WASHINGTON

Bdlingliam: Western Washington University, Mabel Zoe Wihon Li- brary (1963). Oieney: Easton Wadnngton University, JFK library (1966). Blensberg: Central Washington Univeisity library (1962)l Evom: Everett PnbUc library (1914). CHympia:

Evergreen State CoD^e. Danid J. Evans library (1972)l Washington State Law library (1979). Wadnngton State Library (unkiiown>-REGIONAL.

Port Angdes: North Olympic library System (196S). Pullman- Washington State University Library (1907).

Seattle: Seattle PuUic Library (1908). University of Wasliinglon libraiies (1890). University of Washington, Mary Gould Gallagher Law Library

(1969). U.S. Cburt of Appeals. 9th Circuit library (1981)l Spokane:

Gonzaga University, Scbocd of Law Library (1979). Spokane Public Library (1910). Tacoma: Tacoma Pubfic library (1894). University of Pnget Sound. Cbllins Memorial libtary (193^

University of Pnget Soimd, School of Law library (1978)l Vancouver: Fort Vancouver Regional library (1962)l Walla Walla: Whitman CdOee^ Penrose Memorial library (1890)l WEST VIRGINIA

Athens: Concord CoD^ library (1924). Bhiefidd: mnefidd State Cblk^e, Hardway library (1972). Charleston: Kanawha County PnbUc Library (19S2). West Virginia library Ccnnmission (unknown). West Virginia Supreme Court Law Library (1977). Elkins: Davis and Elkins CoOe^ Library (1913). Fairmont: Fairmont State CbQ^e library (1884). Gfenville: Gknville State CoD^^ Robot F. Kidd library (196Q.

Huntington: MaishaD Univasity, James R Morrrow library (192S).

Institute: West Virginia College of Graduate Studies Library (1977) West Virginia State CdD^e. Drain-Jmdan library (1907). Moigantown: West Virginia Univenity library (1907)-REGIONAL.

Salem: Salem 0>De^ library (1921). Shepiierdstown: Shepherd Collie, Ruth Scarborough library (1971)l Weirton: Mary H. Weir Public library (1963).

WISCONSIN

Appletoo: Lawrence University, Seeley G. Mudd Library (1869). Bdoit: Bdoit College. CbL Robert H. Morse Library (1888)l Eau Oaire: Univeisity of Wisconsin-Ean Oaire, William D. Mclntyre

78
Library (1951). Fond du Lac: Fond du Lac Public Library (1966). Green Bay: University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Library Learning

Center (1968). La Crosse: La Crosse Public Library (1883). University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, Murphy Library (1965). Madison: Madison Public Library (1965). State Historical Society of Wisconsin Library (1870)-REGIONAL, in cooperation with University of Wisconsin-Madison.

University of Wisconsin-Madison Law Library (1981). University of Wisconsin-Madison, Memorial Library (1939). Wisconsin State Law Library (unknown). Milwaukee: Alvemo College Library/Media Center (1971). Medical College of Wisconsin, Inc., Todd Wehr Library (1980). Milwaukee County Law Library (1934). Milwaukee Public Library (1861)-REGIONAL.

Mount Mary College Library (1964). University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Library (1960). Oshkosh: University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Forrest R. Polk Library

(1956).

Platteville: University of Wisconsin-Platteville, Karrmann Library

(1964). Racine: Racine Public Library (1898). Ripon: Ripon College Library (1982). River Falls: University of Wisconsin-River Falls, Chalmer Davee Li- brary (1962). Stevens Point: University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Learning Resources Center (1951). Superior:

Superior Public Library (1908). University of Wisconsin-Superior, Jim Dan Hill Library (1935). Waukesha: Waukesha Public Library (1966). Wausau: Marathon County Public Library (1971). Whitewater: University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Harold Anderson

Library (1963). WYOMING

Casper: Natrona County Public Library (1929). Cheyenne:

Wyoming State Law Library (1977). Wyoming State Library (unknown)-REGIONAL.

Gillette: George Amos Memorial Library (1980). Laramie:

University of Wyoming, Coe Library (1907). University of Wyoming Law Library (1978). Powell: Northwest Community College, John Taggart Hinckley Li- brary (1967). Riverton: Central Wyoming College Library (1969). Rock Springs: Western Wyoming College Library (1969). Sheridan: Sheridan College Griffith Library (1963).
APPENDIX B.

DISTRICT

OFFICES

OF THE U.S.

DEPARTMENl

OF

COMMERCE

NORTHEASTERN REGION I Eric B. Outwater

Regional Director

CONNECTICUT

* Hartford — Eric Outwater, Director, Room 610-B, Federal Office Building, 450 Main Street 06103, Area Code 203

Tel 244-3530, FTS 244-3530 MAINE

• Augusta (Boston, Massachusetts

District)— 1 fvlemorial Circle, Casco

Bank BIdg. 04330, Area Code 207 Tel 622-8249, FTS 833-6249

MASSACHUSETTS

Boston— Francis J. O'Connor, Director

lOtti Floor, 441 Stuart Street 02116, Area Code 617 Tel 223-2312, FTS 223-2312 NEW HAMPSHIRE

Serviced by Boston District Office NEW YORK

Buffalo — Robert F. Magee, Director, 1312 Federal Building, 111 West Huron

Street 14202, Area Code 716 Tel 846-

4191, FTS 437-4191

• Rochester— 183 E. Main St., Rm. 666, 16404, Area Code 716 Tel. 263-6480, FTS 963-6480 Now York— (Vacant) Room 3718, Federal

Office Building, 26 Federal Plaza, Foley

Square 10278, Area Code 212 Tel 264-

0634, FTS 264-0600

RHODE ISLAND

• Providence (Boston, Massachusetts

District) — 7 Jacl<son Walkway 02903,

Area Code 401 Tel 277-2605, ext. 22, FTS 838-4482

VERMONT

Serviced by Boston District Office

MID-ATLANTIC REGION II Thonnas J. Murray

Regional Director DELAWARE

Serviced by Ptiiladelphia District Office

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Serviced by Baltimore District Office

MARYLAND

Baltimore— (Vacant) 415 U.S. Customhouse, Gay and Lombard Streets 21202, Area Code 301 Tel 962-3560, FTS

922-3560

• Rockville— 101 Monroe St., ISthi Floor, 20850, Area Code 301 Tel. 251-2345 NEW JERSEY

* Trenton —Ttiomas J. Murray, Director, Capitol Plaza, 8th Fl., 240 West State St., 08608, Area Code 609 Tel 989-2100, FTS 483-2100PENNSYLVANIA

Philadelphia— Robert E. Kistler, Director, 9448 Federal Building, 600 Arch

Street 19106 Area Code 215 Tel 597-

2866, FTS 597-2866 Pittsburgh— William M. Bradley, Director, 2002 Federal Building, 1000 Liberty Avenue 15222, Area Code 412 Tel 644-

2850, FTS 722-2850

APPALACHIAN REGION III Joel B. New

Regional Director KENTUCKY

Louisville- Donald R. Henderson, Dir- ector, Room 636B, U.S. Post Office and

Courthouse Building 40202, Area Code

502 Tel 582-5066, FTS 352-5066

NORTH CAROLINA

* Greenslwo-Joel B. New, Director, 203

Federal Building, West Market Street, P.O. Box 1950 27402, Area Code 919

Tel 378-5345, FTS 699-5345 •Raleigh— Dobbs BIdg., Rm. 294, 430

N. Salisbury St., 27611, Area Code 919

Tel. 755-4687, FTS 672-4687

SOUTH CAROLINA

Columbia— Johnny E. Brown, Director, Strom Thurmond Fed. BIdg., Suite 172, 1835 Assembly Street 29201 Area Code

803 Tel 765-5345, FTS 677-5345

• Charleston —505 Federal Building, 334 Meeting Street 29403, Area Code

803 Tel 677-4361, FTS 677-4361

•Greenville— P.O. Box 5823, Station

B, 29606, Area Code 803 235-5919

TENNESSEE

Nashville—Jim Charlet, Director, Suite 1427, One Commerce Place, 37239, Area Code 615 Tel. 251-5161. FTS 852-5161 •Memphis—3693 Central Ave., 38111

Area Code 901 Tel 521-4826, FTS 222- 4826

VIRGINIA Richmond — Philip A. Ouzts, Director, 8010 Federal BIdg., 400 North 8th Street 23240, Area Code 804 Tel 771-2246

FTS 925-2246

•(Fairfax County) Dunn Loring— 8100 Oak St. Ste. 32, 22027, Area Code 703

Tel 573-9460, FTS 235-1519

WEST VIRGINIA Charleston— Roger L. Fortner, Director, 3000 New Federal Building, 500 Quarrier Street 25301, Area Code 304 Tel 343-

6181, ext. 375, FTS 924-1375 SOUTHEASTERN REGION IV Gayie C. Shelton, Jr. Regional Director ALABAMA

'Birmingham— Gayle C. Shelton, Jr., Di- rector, Suite 200-201, 908 South 20th

Street, 35205, Area Code 205 Tel 254-

1331, FTS 229-1331 FLORIDA

Miami —Ivan A. Cosimi, Director, Suite 224, Federal Building, 51 S.W. First Av- enue 33130, Area Code 305 Tel 350-

5267, FTS 350-5267 •Clearwater— 128 North Osceola Ave- nue 33515, Area Code 813 Tel 461- 0011

• Jacksonville— 3 Independent Drive, 32202, Area Code 904 Tel 791-2796, FTS 946-2796 •Orlando—75 East Ivanhoe Blvd. 32802 Area Code 305 Tel 425-1247 •Tallahassee— Collins BIdg., Rm. G- 20 32304, Area Code 904 Tel 488-

6469, FTS 946-4320 GEORGIA

Atlanta — Daniel M. Paul, Director,

Suite 600, 1365 Peachtree Street, N.E. 30309, Area Code 404 Tel 881-7000, FTS 257-7000 Savannah —James W. Mclntire, Director, 27 E Bay Street, P O. Box 9746,

31401, Area Code 912 Tel 944-4204, FTS 248-4204MISSISSIPPI Jackson — Mark E. Spinney, Director, Jackson Mall Office Ctr., Ste. 3230, 300 Woodrow Wilson Blvd., 39213, Area Code 601 Tel 960-4388, FTS 490-4388

• DENOTES TRADE SPECIALIST AT POST OF DUTY STATION

* DENOTES REGIONAL OFFICE WITH SUPERVISORY REGIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES

80
PUERTO RICO

San Juan (Hato Rey)—J. Enrique Vilella. Director, Room 659-Federal Building

00918, Area Code 809 Tel 753-4555,

Ext. 555, FTS 8-809-753-4555 GREAT LAKES REGION V Gordon B. Thomas

Regional Director ILLINOIS Chicago— Josepti F. Christiano, Director, 1406 Mid Continental Plaza Building, 55 East Monroe Street 60603, Area Code

312 Tel 353-4450, FTS 353-4450

• Palatine— W.R. Harper College, Al- gonquin & Roselle Rd., 60067, Area Code 312 Tel. 397-3000, x-532 INDIANA

Indianapolis —Mel R, Sherar, Director, 357 U.S. Courthouse & Federal Office

Building, 46 East Ohio Street 46204. Area Code 317 Tel 269-6214, FTS 331-6214 MICHIGAN

Detroit— (Vacant) 445 Federal Building, 231 West Layfayette 48226, Area Code

313 Tel 226-3650, FTS 226-3650

• Grand Rapids— 300 Monroe N.W., Rm. 409 49503 Area Code 616 Tel 456-2411 FTS 372-2411 MINNESOTA

Minneapolis— Ronald E. Kramer, Director,

Dir. 108 Fed. BIdg., 110 S. 4th St., 55401, Area Code 612 Tel 349-3338, FTS

787-3338 OHIO

* Cincinnati —Gordon B. Thomas, Director, 9504 Federal Office Building, 550

Main Street 45202, Area Code 513 Tel 684-2944, FTS 684-2944 Cleveland— Zelda W. Milner, Director, Room 600, 666 Euclid Avenue 44114, Area Code 216 Tel 522-4750, FTS

942-4750 WISCONSIN

Milwaukee— Patrick A. Willis, Director, Fed. BIdg., U.S. Courthouse, 517 E. Wise.

Ave., 53202, Area Code 414 Tel 291-

3473, FTS 362-3473

PLAINS REGION VI Donald R. Loso

Regional Director

IOWA

Des Moines—Jesse N. Durden, Director, 817 Federal Building, 210 Walnut Street 50309, Area Code 515 Tel 284-4222, FTS 862-4222 KANSAS

* Wichita (Kansas City, Missouri Dis- trict)— P.O. Box 48, Wichita State University, 67208, Area Code 316 Tel 269-

6160, FTS 752-6160 MISSOURI

* St. Louis— Donald R. Loso, Director, 12( South Central Avenue 63105, Area Code

314 Tel 425-3302-4, FTS 279-3302 Kansas City —James D. Cook, Director, Room 1840, 601 East 12th Street 64106, Area Code 816 Tel 374-3142, FTS 758-3142NEBRASKA

Omaha —George H. Payne, Director, Empire State BIdg., 1st Floor, 300 South

19th Street, 68102, Area Code 402 Tel 221-3664, FTS 864-3664 NORTH DAKOTA

Serviced by Omaha District Office SOUTH DAKOTA

Serviced by Omaha District Office

CENTRAL REGION VII C. Carmon Stiles Regional Director ARKANSAS

Little Rock — Lon J. Hardin, Director, Suite 635, Savers Federal Building, 320

W. Capitol Avenue, 72201, Area Code

501 Tel 378-5794, FTS 740-5794 LOUISIANA

New Orleans— Raymond E. Eveland,

Director, 432 International Trade Mart, No. 2 Canal Street 70130, Area Code 504

Tel 589-6546, FTS 682-6546 NEW MEXICO

Albuquerque— William E. Dwyer, Director, 505 Marquette Ave., NW, Suite 1015, 87102, Area Code 505 Tel 766-2386, FTS 474-2386OKLAHOMA

Oklahoma City— Ronald L. Wilson, Di- rector, 4024 Lincoln Boulevard 73105, Area Code 405 Tel 231-5302, FTS

736-5302 •Tulsa—440 S. Houston Street, 74127, Area Code 918 Tel. 581-7650 FTS 736- 7650 TEXAS

* Dallas —C. Carmon Stiles, Director, Room 7A5, 1 100 Commerce Street 75242

Area Code 214 Tel 767-0542, FTS 729- 0542

Houston— Felicito C. Guerrero, Director, 2625 Federal Courthouse BIdg., 515 Rusk

Street 77002, Area Code 713 Tel 229-

2578, FTS 526-4578

ROCKY-MOUNTAIN REGION VIII Donald L. Schiike Regional Director ARIZONA

Phoenix— Donald W. Fry, Director, Suite 2750 Valley Bank Center, 201 North Central Avenue 85073, Area Code 602 Tel 261-3285, FTS 261-3285

COLORADO

* Denver— Donald L. Schiike, Director, Room 119, U.S. Customhouse, 721-19th

Street, 80202, Area Code 303 Tel 837-

3246, FTS 327-3246 IDAHO

* Boise—Statehouse, 83720, Area Code

208 Tel. 334-2470 MONTANA

Serviced by Denver District Office NEVADA

Reno—Joseph J. Jeremy, Director, 1755

E. Plumb Lane, #152, 89502, Area Code

702 Tel 784-5203, FTS 470-5203 UTAH

Salt Lake City—Stephen P. Smoot, Dir- ector, U.S. Courthouse, 350 S. Main

Street 84101, Area Code 801 Tel 524-

5116, FTS 588-5116 WYOMING

Serviced by Denver District Office

PACIFIC REGION IX Betty D. Neuhart

Regional Director ALASKA

Anchorage— Richard Lenahan, Director, 701 C Street, P.O. Box 32, 99513, Area Code 907 Tel 271-5041, FTS 8 907

271-5041 CALIFORNIA

Los Angeles— Daniel J. Young, Director, Room 800, 1 1777 San Vicente Boulevard 90049, Area Code 213 Tel 209-6707, FTS 793-6707

• San Diego—2nd Poor, Port Administration BIdg., 3165 Pacific Hv/y.. 92101 Area Code 619 Tel. 293-5395, FTS 895-5395

* San Francisco— Betty D. Neuhart Director, Federal Building, Box 36013, 450

Golden Gate Avenue 94102, Area Code

415 Tel 556-5860, FTS 556-5868

• San Jose— 1 1 1 West Saint John St., Rm. 424, 95113 Area Code 408 Tel. 275-7648 HAWAII

Honolulu— Stephen K. Craven, Director, 4106 Federal Building, P.O. Box 50026, 300 Ala Moana Boulevard 96850, Area Code 808 Tel 546-8694, FTS 8 808-546- 8694

OREGON

Portland —Lloyd R. Porter, Director, Room 618, 1220 S.W. 3rd Avenue 97204, Area Code 503 Tel 221-3001, FTS 423- 3001 WASHINGTON

Seattle— (Vacant) Room 706, Lake

Union Building, 1700 Westlake Avenue

North 98109, Area Code 206 Tel 442-

5616, FTS 399-5615

• Spokana—P.O. Box 2170, 99210, Area Code 509 Tel 838-8202

• DENOTES TRADE SPECIALIST AT POST OF DUTY STATION

* DENOTES REGIONAL OFFICE WITH SUPERVISORY REGIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES 81
APPENDIX C.

CBT PUBLICATION

ORDER NUMBERS

AND PRICE LIST

Publication Government Printing Price National Technical Price

No. Office ($) Information Service ($)

Building Science Series

146 SN003-003-02465-1 6.00 150 SN003-003-02478-3 3.75 151 SN003-003-02479-1 3.75 152 SN003-003-02487-2 5.00 154 SN003-003-02480-5 4.00

155 SN003-003-02500-3 5.50 156 SN003-003-02511-9 4.50

157 SN003-003-02529-1 4.00

Technical Notes

111-3 SN003-003-02474-1 4.75 1174 SN003-003-02483-0 6.00 1180 SN003-003-02502-0 4.50

Special Publications

446-7 PB 83-259622 14.50 457-7 SN003-003-02503-8 4.50

651 SN003-003-02485-6 7.00 658 SN003-003-02506-2 ' 12.00 659 SN0O3-0O3-02537-1 3.75 NBS Interagency Reports

81-2456 PB 83-216341 10.00 82-2485 PB 82-237850 15.00 82-2489 PB 83-245820 10.00 82-2510 PB 83-146936 13.00 82-2568 PB 83-154161 10.00 82-2589 PB 83-172676 8.50 82-2602 PB 83-162339 11.50 82-2605 PB 83-180174 14.50 82-2606 PB 83-152314 10.00 82-2610 PB 83-149831 8.50 82-2614 PB 83-259958 8.50 82-2621 PB 83-162032 8.50 82-2626 PB 83-158543 11.50

82
Publication Government Printing Price National Technical Price

No. Office (S) Information Service ($)

82-2630 PB 83-180406 10.00

82-2632 PB 83-164608 8J0

82-2635 PB 83-174904 8.50

83-2638 PB 83-165480 11.50

83-2648 PB 83-210647 10.00

83-2653 PB 83-179010 7.00

83-2655 PB 83-194225 13.50

83-2662 PB 83-192807 10.00

33-2671 PB 83-193904 10.00

83-2674 PB 83-202481 8.50

83-2675 PB 83-202424 10.00

83-2676 PB 83-203026 8.50

83-2680 PB 83-198556 10.00

83-2688 PB 83-2(^70 10.00

83-2693 (Vol 1) PB 84-100569 13.00

83-2693 (Vol 2) PB 83-233353 25.00

83-2694 PB 83-201442 11.50

83-2709 PB 84-102405 8.50

83-2713 PB 83-241919 10.00

83-2720 PB 83-242222 10.00

83-2723 PB 83-222703 830

83-2724 PB 83-241034 14.50

83-2726 PB 83-240481 8.50

83-2727 PB 83-239582 8.50

83-2728 PB 83-250423 7.00

83-2746 PB 83-249722 laoo

83-2751 PB 84-121904 11.50

83-2756 PB 83-262873 830

83-2768 PB 84-104249 laoo

83-2770 FB 84-102110 8J0

83-2780 PB 84-122092 1730

83-2784-1 PB 84-122530 19.00

Gnnt/Conttact Bcports

81-341 PB 83-151308 1130

83-434 PB 83-250563 1130

83438 PB 83-242230 10.00

83-443 PB 83-253005 14.50

83
NBS»H4A (REV. 2-«cl U.S. DEPT. OF COMM. BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

SHEET (See instructions)

1. PUBLICATION OR

REPORT NO.

NBS SP 457-8

2. Pefformint Orxan. Report No, 3. Publication Date

June 1984

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

BUILDING TECHN0LCX;Y PUBLICATIONS

Supplement 8: 1983

5. AUTHOR(S)

Linda Beavers, Editor

6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION (If joint or other than NBS. see instructions)

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON, O.C. 20234

7. Contract/Grant No.

S. Type of Report & Period Covered

Final

9. SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (Street. City, State, ZIP)

Same as Item 6

10. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

I I Document describes a computer program; SF-185, FlPS Software Summary, is attached.

11. ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information. If document includes a significant

bibliography or literature survey, mention it here)

This report presents NBS' Center for Building Technology (CBT) publications for

1983. It is the eighth supplement to NBS Special Publication 457, Building

Technology Publications , and lists CBT reports issued during January 1 - December 31, 1983. It includes titles and abstracts of each CBT publication

and those papers p\ablished in non-NBS media, key word and author indexes, and

general information emd instructions on how to order CBT p\jblications.

This docxoment is divided into three main sections. The first. Titles eind

Abstracts , provides the report title, author (s), date of publication, selected

key words, and an abstract of each NBS publication and each paper piiblished

in cui outside source. The Author Index cites CBT authors and their publication

number which is listed in this supplement. The Key Word Index is a subject

index, listing word summaries of the building research topics for each

publication and paper. By selecting a main word or subject, the user is ahle

to locate reports of interest through these subject-related words.

12. KEY WORDS (Six to twelve entries; o/phobetico/ order; capitalize only proper names; and separate key words by semicolons)

Abstracts; building; building technology; Center for Building Technology;

key words; publications.

13. AVAILABILITY

Unlimited For Official Distribution. Do Not Release to NTIS

Icy I Order From Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

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NBS TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS

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JOURNAL OF RESEARCH—The Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards reports NBS research and develop- ment in those disciplines of the physical and engineering sciences in which the Bureau is active. These include physics, chemistry,

engineering, mathematics, and computer sciences. Papers cover a broad range of subjects, with major emphasis on measurement

methodology and the basic technology underlying standardization. Also included from time to time are survey articles on topics

closely related to the Bureau's technical and scientific programs. As a special service to subscribers each issue contains complete

citations to all recent Bureau publications in both NBS and non- NBS media. Issued six times a year. Annual subscription: domestic

$18; foreign $22.50. Single copy, $5.50 domestic; $6.90 foreign.

NONPERIODICALS

Monographs—Major contributions to the technical literature on

various subjects related to the Bureau's scientific and technical activities. Handbooks—Recommended codes of engineering and industrial practice (including safety codes) developed in cooperation with in- terested industries, professional organizations, and regulatory

bodies. Special Publications—Include proceedings of conferences sponsored by NBS, NBS annual reports, and other special publications

appropriate to this grouping such as wall charts, pocket cards, and

bibliographies. Applied Mathematics Series—Mathematical tables, manuals, and

studies of special interest to physicists, engineers, chemists,

biologists, mathematicians, computer programmers, and others engaged in scientific and technical work.

National Standard Reference Data Series—Provides quantitative data on the physical and chemical properties of materials, compiled from the world's literature and critically evaluated. Developed under a worldwide program coordinated by NBS under

the authority of the National Standard Data Act (Public Law

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NOTE; The principal publication outlet for the foregoing data is the Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (JPCRD)

published quarterly for NBS by the American Chemical Society

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reprints, and supplements available from ACS, 1 155 Sixteenth St., NW. Washington, DC 20056.

Building Science Series—Disseminates technical irformation developed at the Bureau on building materials, components,

systems, and whole structures. The series presents research results,

test methods, and performance criteria related to the structural and

environmental functions and the durability and safety characteristics of building elements and systems.

Technical Notes—Studies or reports which are complete in themselves but restrictive in their treatment of a subject. Analogous to monographs but not so comprehensive in scope or definitive in treatment of the subject area. Often serve as a vehicle for final reports of work performed at NBS under the sponsorship of other government agencies.

Voluntary Product Standards—Developed under procedures

published by the Department of Commerce in Part 10, Title 15, of

the Code of Federal Regulations. The standards establish nationally recognized requirements for products, and provide all concerned interests with a basis for common understanding of the

characteristics of the products. NBS administers this program as a supplement to the activities of the private sector standardizing

organizations. Consumer Information Series—Practical information, based on NBS research and experience, covering areas of interest to the con- sumer. Easily understandable language and illustrations provide

useful background knowledge for shopping in today's technological marketplace. Order the above NBS publications from: Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Order the following NBS publications—FlPS and NBSIR's—from

the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.

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serves as the official source of information in the Federal Govern- ment regarding standards issued by NBS pursuant to the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 as amended.

Public Law 89-306 (79 Stat. 1127), and as implemented by Executive Order 11717(38 FR I23I5, dated May II, 1973) and Part 6 of Title 15 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations).

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