..„....U^lffi^,Mt ^,3^

PtJBL/CATlONS

A11105 QMHbTl

United biates Department of Commerce

Technology Administration Nisr National Institute of Standards and Technology

NIST Technical Note 1419

Flowmeter Installation Effects Due to A

Generic Header

T. T. Yeh and G. E. Mattingly

QC

100

.U5753

N0.U19

1996

NIST Technical Note 1419

Flowmeter Installation Effects Due to A

Generic Header

T. T. Yeh and G. E. Mattingly

Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001

July 1996

\. ^ ,. ^ «^

U.S. Department of Commerce

Michael Kantor, Secretary

Technology Administration

Mary L. Good, Under Secretary for Technology

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Arati Prabhakar, Director
National Institute of Standards U.S. Government Printing Office For sale by the Superintendent of and Technology Washington: 1996 Documents

Technical Note 1419 U.S. Government Printing Office

Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Washington, DC 20402

Tech. Note 1419

109 pages (July 1996)

CODEN: NTNOEF
PREFACE

The research results reported in this document were produced with the support of a

National histitute of Standards and Teclinplogy (NIST) initiated industrygovernment consortium. This is an established cooperative research effort on

generic technical issues to produce industry needed flow metering improvements, hi

tliis mode of operation, there is a high degree of interaction between tlie

representatives of the consortium member conipanies and the NIST researchers.

These interactions include: (1) the planning or the specific focus of the NIST

research efforts, (2) the discussions and analyses of the results obtained, and (3) the

conclusions drawn for the particular phase of the work. For this reason, it is

pertinent to acknowledge both the support given to this phase of the research

program and the technical contributions made by the representatives of the

consortium members.

The current consortium as of October 1993 is, alphabetically:

1

.

British Columbia Hydro & Power Auth. (Canada)

2. Chevron Oil

3. Consolidated Edison

4. Control otron

5. Dow Chemical Co.

6. E.I. Dupont de Nemours

7. Fisher Precision Systems, Inc.

8. Ford Motor Co.

9. Gas Unie (The Netherlands)

10. Institute oi Paper Science & Technology

1 1

.

Instalment Testing Association

12. Ketema-McCrometer

13. Ketema-Schutte and Koerting

14. Kimmon Mfg. Ltd. (Japan)^

15. NRTC(NOVX COR Res. Tech.Corp.)

16. Pacific Gas & Electric Co.

17. Rosemount

III

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

PREFACE lii TABLE OF CONTENTS v

NOMENCLATURE vi

ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 2

TEST CONFIGURATION: A Generic Header 4

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 5

A) Orifice Meter Perfomiance 5

a. Downstream of a Generic Header 7

b. Downstream of a Header with a 19-Tiibe Tube Bundle 10

c. Comparison of Orifice meter perfonnance 11

B) Turbine Meter Perfonnance 12

C) Correlation of Axial Velocity Profile Index and Meter Perfonnance 14

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 16

REFERENCES 18

FIGURES 22-57

APPENDIX A Orifice Flowmeter Perfonnance for a Header A1-A22

APPENDIX B Orifice Flowmeter Perfonnance for a Header with

a 19-tube Tube Bundle B1-B19

APPENDIX C Turbine Flowmeter Perfonnance for a Header

with and without a 19-Tube Bundle C1-C6
NOMENCLATURE

C The distance between the exit plane of the tube bundle flow conditioner and

test meters

Q =Wb.[(p/(2 AP))(l-p')/ ¥>']"% Orifice meter discharge coefficient.

Cj 3 Discharge coefficient at reference condition

D

" Pipe diameter, 52.5 mm

D^i Displacement parameter

d

^ Hole diameter of orifice plates

f Meter frequency

Pg Peakness parameter

r Radius distance

Re Reynolds number ^W.D/v

Sg A mean swirl angle, =r(t)++(|).)/2

St Turbine meter Strouhal number, fD/W^,

S, Pipe swirl number

U Mean velocity component in X direction

V Mean velocity component in Y direction W Mean velocity component in Z direction

W,j Average bulk velocity

W^ Mean velocity at pipe center line

X A coordinate axes in a horizontal direction

V A coordinate axes, positive in upward direction

Z A coordinate axes, positive in downstream direction

P Orifice plate beta ratio, d/D

V Kinematic fluid viscosity

p Fluid density

(f)+ Maximum magnitude of skew angle, arctanfV/WV in positive X

(I). Maximum magnitude of skew angle, arctan(V/W), in negative X

ACj Change of discharge coefficient, C^-Cj

AP Differential pressure across the oriiice plate

A St Change of turbine meter constant, St-St^

VI
Flowmeter Installation Effects Due to

A Generic Header

T.T. Yeh

G.E. Mattingly

Fluid Flow Group

Process Measurements Division

Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

ABSTRACT

This report presents recent results obtained in a consortium-sponsored research

program on flowineter installation effects being conducted at NIST-Gaithersburg, MD.

The piping element tested and reported here is a generic header which has a specific

arrangement of one inlet and two outlets. The results reported here are for the outlet

nearest the inlet operated fully open with the other outlet ftilly closed. The meter

perfonnance measured in this outlet are reported with and without the installation of a conventional 19-tiibe concentric tube bundle flow conditioner. The LDV studies of this

header piping configuration are presented in a separate report. [1]

Tlie perfonnance characteristics of a range of orifice meters with dimensionally scaled

pressure tap geometries and a specific turbine meter are presented. The scaled orifice

pressure tap arrangement is expected to set precedence for larger meter tests in that this

data will be comparable to that from other research efforts where different sizes are used. The changes in discharge coefficients for orifice meters downstream of the

header are : 1) positive for the smallest beta of 0.4, 2) positive but smaller for beta of

0.6, and 3) negative for the largest beta of 0.75. This header effect on orifice meter

performance is similar to that found in the case of the double elbows out-of-plane

configuration. The effect of angular pressure port location on orifice meter

perfonnance is not apparent from the data.

The change in Strouhal number for the turbine meter is positive for all conditions

tested. Tliis shift diminishes to zero very slowly with meter position downstream from

this header. Tlie shift is 0.4% at the position of 3.5-9.3 D downstream of the header.

However, it takes about 60 pipe diameters to bring this shift down to the 0.1% level.
Tlie tiibe bimdle is quite effective in removing swirl from the flow in the pipe. With the

19-tiibe tube bundle installed, the change in turbine meter constant is within +0.1% of

the reference value for all positions tested. However, this tube bundle creates other

effects such as increased turbulence level that produce profile evolutions that are different from those that occur without the tube bundle. These different evolutions

significantly affect the orifice meters.

Tlie correlation between the perfomiances of these meters and several velocity profile

indexes for this header are also presented. These relationships can be useflil for

developing criteria for improving the meter performance in non-ideal installation

conditions.

INTRODUCTION

Tlie flow measurement community wants increased metering accuracy, hi many cases,

meters are being retrofitted into fluid systems that were not designed for them. This

invariably means the flowmeters are being inserted into "non-ideal" installation

conditions where the upstream piping elements such as elbows, etc. produce pipeflow

distributions that differ from the ideal ones used to design meters. "Ideal" installation

conditions are where the meter location is preceded by sufficiently long, straight lengths

of constant diameter piping that the meter's perfoniiance is not affected by the meter

installation position. High accuracy levels are desired for critical meter systems. Such

levels can be achieved by installing meters in ideal installation conditions. Wlien this

is not possible, the nature of the non-ideal conditions should be understood together

with the effects these conditions have on flow meters. Tliis is the objective of the NIST

research on flowmeter installation effects.

The NIST-initiated consortium research program on flowmeter installation effects is

designed to improve fluid metering perfonnance when installation conditions are not

ideal. Tliis program has the main objective of producing a basic understanding of the

flow phenomena that are produced in prevalent non-ideal installation conditions and to

quantify these phenomena relative to the pipe flow in ideal installation conditions. The

experimental program is based upon the measurements of pipe flow velocity profiles

from selected piping configurations using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) in water

flow in stainless steel pipe 50 mm in diameter where the diametral Reynolds number
is 10^ Flowmeter perfonnance is presented in the Reynolds number range from IC* to

10^ Orifice and turbine meters have been tested, and the effects of tube bundle flow

conditioners have been assessed.

Orifice and turbine meters have been used as examples in assessing installation effects.

The characteristics of these meters have been detennined and analyzed to show meter

manufacturers and users alike how to improve perfonnance in non-ideal installations,

such as using flow conditioning. Meter perfonnance has been detennined for different

installation locations downstreain of selected pipeline elements, both with and without

a tube bundle flow conditioner. The results show that while the conventional 19-tube

tube bundle successfully removes swirl from these pipeflows it apparently produces

other effects in the streamwise velocity profiles that cause several different types of

perturbations on the meter perfonnance [2-5].

Previous phases of this research program have produced measurements of the

pipeflows in the downstream piping from the configurations of a single elbow, double

elbows-out-of-plane, the tee-used-as-an-elbow, the concentric reducer, and a 45°

elbow. Conventional, long-radius elbows are used in these studies; the radius of the

centerline through these elbows is 1.5 pipe diameters. Detailed results of these studies

can be found in [6-10]; additional summary descriptions are given in [11-14].

The primary piping element used in the present report is a generic header configuration.

Header or manifold configurations are commonly found in various industrial plants.

One of the most common reasons to use this configuration is to improve the overall

rangeability of flow rate measurements by using headers with multi-outlet meter

stations. Other purposes of header configurations in multi-mn meter piping are to

equalize the flow in the mns or to reduce capital cost in making flow rate

measurements. Headers or flow manifolds are also used to rearrange the flow loop

direction or to serve as a settling chamber in designing flow loops. Despite the wide

spread industrial use of headers, there is very little infonnation available regarding the

flow patterns emerging from headers or the effects of these flows on meter

perfonnance. Recently, flow disturbances caused by special headers and their effects

on metering perfonnance have been the subjects of various investigations [15,16].

However, most of the configurations used in these investigations are the combinations

of the specific header and various upstream piping elements such as single elbow,

reducer, riser, etc. It is known that the flow upstream of a header may greatly influence
the flow pattern exiting the header. Rather than test the combination of a header with

comphcated or unknown upstream/downstream piping elements, the objective of the

present sttidy is to detemiine the meter perfomiance in the flow pattern produced solely

by the generic header. The corresponding LDV studies of the pipeflow produced by

these piping configurations are reported elsewhere [1].

TEST CONFTGURATTON: A Generic Header

Figure 1 shows a sketch of the generic header geomedy, that is denoted as H342. This

generic header consists of one inlet and two outlets having the same pipe size. The

direction of the inlet pipe is nonnal both to the header and to the outlet pipes. The

diameters of the inlet, the header, and outlet pipes are 77 mm, 103 mm, and 52 mm,

respectively. The designation "342" denotes the relative diameter ratios of 3:4:2.

Other parameters needed to be specified for this header test are the flow rate ratio

between the two outlets and the outlet selected for the test. For the propose of

identifying a test condition, the test configuration will be denoted as H342-Fl/F2-n.

H342 denotes the one inlet and two outlets header. F1/F2 denotes the flow rates

flowing through tlie outlet-1 (near) and outlet-2 (far). The last digit "n" is used to

denote the outlet# in which the meter is tested. In this report the complete

configuration is H342-100/0-1. That is, all flow (100%) is going through the oudet-1

and no flow is in the outlet-2 and meters are tested in the outlet-1. The test results

include measurements with and without the conventional 19-tube concentric tube

bundle flow conditioner. In this test the header is installed vertically and the upper

outlet is the outlet-1 and the lower one is outlet-2. Although other flow divisions can

be arranged, it was thought that, in this condition, the effect of header on the flow

downstream will be most significant, i.e., the worst case for downstream meter

perfomiance, due to the largest possible flow rate in the outlet pipe. Figure 2 shows

the piping arrangement and the coordinate system used in the test. A right handed

coordinate system is used which has the system origin (i.e., X=Y=Z=0) in the entrance

plane of the outlet-1 (at header tank diameter) and at the pipe centerline. The positive

Z direction is downstream; the positive Y direction is upward; the X direction is

therefore to the right looking upstream. D is the pipe inner diameter in the test section.

To sUidy the flow effects produced solely by the generic header configuration, efforts

have been made to ensure a fully developed pipe flow that is fi*ee fi*om other

disUirbances enters the header. The upstream piping was arranged so that over 45 pipe
diameters of straight, constant diameter (75 mm (3 in)) piping preceded the header.

This inlet pipe section was a single piece of standard piping to assure a concentric

constant diameter along the entire section without any misalignment that could result

from joints. Upstream of this straight length of piping, the inlet flow was arranged to

have a special, radial inlet so that no axial vorticity was produced by this entrance

condition. Although the pipeflow entering the header was not directly measured, all

previous LDV measurements from previous phases of our program made downstream

from the single elbow showed that the effects of the elbow were negligibly small after

about 30 pipe diameters for Reynolds number 100000. Since in this 75 mm (3 in)

diameter pipe, the Reynolds number was 66000 (corresponding to 100000 in the 52

mm pipe), the pipeflow entering the header was assumed to be frilly developed. With

these reference profiles entering the header, the exiting pipeflows can be interpreted,

for this conventional piping configuration, to be due solely to this generic header.

A conventional, 19-tube, concentric type tube bundle flow conditioner was also tested

with the generic header. In this report the results for flowmeter perfonnance will be

presented. The results for the velocity measurements downstream of this generic

header configuration are presented separately [1].

EXPERTMENTAL RESULTS

A) Orifice Meter Performance

Discharge coefficients were measured for selected orifice flowmeters downstream of

the header configuration. A special orifice plate holder having scaled pressure taps was

used in the test. Figure 3 shows a sketch of the pressure ports and the orifice plate

holders for flange taps. The dimensions for conventional pressure ports for flange taps

are given for both 10 cm (4 in) and 5 cm (2 in) diameter meters. The scaled ports on

the 5 cm (2 in) pipe are the scaled down ( half scale ) version of the 10 cm (4 in)

meter. The API standard [17,18,19] indicates that meter tubes using flange taps shall

have the center of the upstream pressure tap hole placed 2.54 cm (1 in) from the

upstream face of the orifice plate. The center of the downstream pressure tap hole shall

be 2.54 cm (1 in) from the do\\mstream face of the orifice plate. The tap hole diameter

should be within 6.4 mm ~ 9.5 mm (0.25 in- 0.375 in) for 5 cm (2 in) meter, and within

6.4 mm ~ 12.7 mm (0.25 in~0.5 in) for 10 cm (4 in) meter and larger.

To examine the angular effect of the pressure tap location for orifice meters in the
header flow, the test data were obtained for four different angular locations. Figure 3

also shows the scaled four port orifice plate holder used in the test. The effects of

pressure tap orientations on orifice meter perfonnance can thus be detennined. For this

scaled plate holder, the center of the upstream pressure tap hole is placed 1 .27 cm (0.5

in) from the upstream face of the orifice plate and the center of the downstream

pressure tap hole is 1 .27 cm (0.5 in) from the downstream face of the orifice plate. The

tap hole diameter is 6.4 mm (0.25 in). It is a holder with four sets of ports scaled to be

similar to the conventional flange tap arrangement for a 10 cm (4 in.) diameter meter;

this is intended to give results that can be compared to those obtained from

conventional 10 cm (4 in) flange-tapped meters. For the test results reported, the

holder was mounted in an orientation so that two sets of the pressure ports were in the

vertical plane and the other two were in the horizontal plane. The 0°, 90°, 180", and

270" ports were located at +Y, +X, -Y, and -X directions, respectively. The orifice

plate holder, which is similar to conventional orifice flanges, used three dowel pins to

align the flanges properly and centering pins to hold the plate in position while bolting

the flanges.

The nominal values of the beta ratio selected for the test are 0.4, 0.6, and 0.75. Each

orifice meter has been tested in a different range of Reynolds numbers over a 2.5 to 1 turndown. Tlie reference values of the test meters were measured in a frilly developed

pipe flow downstream of about 200 diameters of constant diameter (5 cm), straight

pipe. A transfer standard flowmeter which was calibrated gravimetrically before these

tests was used for all flowmeter perfonnance tests. However, during the course of

these tests of flowmeter installation effects, all conditions were maintained to be the

same as those for the reference case. In this way the uncertainty arising from a

systematic effect or from a common error was minimized and the actual effects due to

the installation condition can be accurately detennined. The estimated uncertainty of

the transfer flowmeter was 0.33%. The uncertainty of the pressure measurements was

0.3%, and was 0.2% for the discharge coefficients.

Figure 4 presents the variations of the reference discharge coefficients obtained from

the different sets of pressure ports for beta=0.75. The discharge coefficient was

detennined by Q=W,,.[(p/(2AP))(l-p'^)/ p '*]'", where Wi, is the average bulk velocity,

P=d/D is the beta ratio of the plate, p is the water density, and AP is the differential

pressure across the orifice plate. The reference Cj was measured in a frilly developed

pipe flow downstream of about 200 diameters of constant diameter, straight pipe. In
the figure, all data are nonnalized by the averaged discharge coefficients obtained fi^om

all four ports of the 4-port scaled holder. These data show that the variations are nonnally very small and within about + 0.15% which is considered within the

imcertainty of the experiments of 0.2%. The variations for the two smaller beta ratios are smaller. These data indicate that the reference values for all four sets of scaled

ports are practically the same. Thus the averaged value fi^om these four references

could be chosen as a common reference value in detennining the amount of the

installation effect for all pressure ports. As discussed in the 45 degree elbow case, [6]

the discharge coefficients for the conventional ports and the scaled ports could be

different. Because of the variations of the wall pressure along the pipe, the differential

pressure and thus the discharge coefficients obtained from the various pressure tap

locations can be different. The effect of pressure tap separation on the discharge

coefficients had been documented in various references [18,20,21]. In 1990, the

American National Standard histitute adopted a new empirical equation, known as the

RG equation, for detennining discharge coefficient [18]. The RG equation has included

the effects of the tap location on the empirical coefficient of discharge equation for

orifice meters.

Tlie present scaled data of the 5 cm (2 in) meters are intended to compare with the data

for the conventional 10 cm (4 in) diameter meters. This metering arrangement is

expected to lead to precedents for larger meter tests. These precedents could be that

larger meter results may be able to be successfully predicted using smaller meters

tested in quicker, cheaper tests. At each test condition the discharge coefficients at four

port locations were measured. The range of Reynolds number spanned is 20000 to

100000; the beta ratio range is 0.40 to 0.75 and each meter is tested over a 2.5 to 1 turndown.

a. Downstream of a Generic Header.

The orifice flowmeter perfonnance data downstream of the generic header piping

configuration, H342- 100/0-1, are presented in tabular fonnat in Appendix A. The

graphic presentations are discussed liere.

Figure 5 shows the change in discharge coefficients for a P =0.4 orifice meter at Z=4.66 D downstream of the header, H342- 100/0-1 as a ftinction of Reynolds number.

At each flow rate there are five data points taken. Both the individual data points and
the averaged data from the five individual data are shown. In addition, all data from

four angular pressure port locations are presented. Figures 6 and 7 show the similar

data for p = 0.6 and 0.75, respectively. Tliese data clearly show significant installation

effects on the meter discharge coefficients for the tliree orifice meters tested. The

changes in discharge coefficients are positive for the smallest beta of 0.4, are also

positive but smaller for beta of 0.6, and are negative for the largest beta of 0.75. This

kind of effect has been found in the case of double elbows out-of-plane configuration

[6,12]. There are many flow effects that can affect the perfonnance of a flowmeter.

Here two of them can be attributed to the final change in the discharge coefficients :1)

swirl flow (transverse velocity profile) and 2) axial velocity profile. Swirl flow will

normally result in an increase in the discharge coefficient, due to centriftigal effects.

A unifomi axial velocity profile will tend to decrease the coefficient, due to the

increased pressure drop across the orifice plate required to move the additional fluid near the wall through the orifice hole, which is located at the center of the orifice plate.

The final result thus depends on the competition of the intensities of these two effects.

These data also show that discharge coefficients tend to increase with Reynolds

number, thus indicating that the effects of swirl flow increase as the flow rate increases.

Less apparent is the effect of angular position on discharge coefficient. The variation

of the change in discharge coefficients is smaller than the data uncertainty indicated by

the iiidividual data points. Since the effect of angular tap location is smaller, the data

presented below will only be for those averaged data obtained at the 0° pressure port.

The data for all four angular pressure ports are given in Appendix A.

Figure 8 presents the percentage change in discliarge coefficient for a p = 0.4 orifice

meter installed at different downstream positions from a header, H342- 100/0-1, for a

range of Reynolds numbers between 20000 and 60000. These are averaged data

obtained from the scaled ports at the 0" angular position ( at +Y direction). The

ordinate in the figure is the percentage shift at each flowrate, in discharge coefficient

relative to that obtained for the reference condition. Similar data for p = 0.60 and 0.75

are shown in Figures 9 and 10, respectively. The changes in discharge coefficients are positive for the smallest beta of 0.4, are also positive but smaller for beta of 0.6, and

are negative for the largest beta of 0.75. The discharge coefficients increase with

Reynolds number. These data indicate that the effect of swirl flow increases as the

flow rate increases. For all cases, the change in discharge coefficients is largest for

meters at the nearest position of Z/D=4.66. The magnitude of these changes decreases
as the distance increases. The changes in discharge coefficient are practically zero at

about Z/D=51.

Figures 11-13 show the change in orifice meter discharge coefficients as a fiinction of

meter location downstream from the header H342- 100/0-1 for each beta ratio. In each

figure data for three Reynolds numbers(lowest, medium, and highest test flows) are

given. Tlie + 0.2% error bars indicating the typical uncertainty are also shown. Figure

11 is for P = 0.40 and Re = 22000, 36000, and 55000. The changes in discharge

coefficients are all positive. The largest positive shift is about 4.6% for Z/D = 5 and

Re = 55000. These changes decrease as the distance increases. At Z/D= 45 and

beyond , the shifts are within + 0.2%. Similar results are found for the medium orifice

plate, P = 0.60 as shown in Figure 12. The shift is positive except that the magnitude

is smaller than that of p = 0.4. Figure 13 is for the largest beta orifice plate tested,

with p = 0.75. As contrasted with the results of the smaller beta plate, the shift for p = 0.75 is negative. As the distance increases the negative shift is reduced. The shift

is reduced to within the +0.2% when the distance, Z/D, reaches about 22 for Re =

44000 and about 40 for Re=99000.

Figure 14 compares the change in discharge coefficients as a ftmction of meter location

downstream from the header H342- 100/0-1 for three beta ratios at the same Reynolds

number of Re=55000. These show sizeable differences that depend upon beta ratio.

In contrast to the usual result that the larger beta ratio produces a larger coefficient

shift, these data show that the smallest beta ratio produces a larger coefficient shift.

The different results are partly due to the fact that swirl has more effect on the small

beta orifice meter while the axial profile flatness has more effect on the larger beta

orifice meter. The change in discharge coefficient is largest for installation positions

near the header with positive shifts of 4.6% for the smallest beta ratio of 0.4 and

negative shifts of -1 .9% for the largest beta ratio of 0.75. For meter installations more

distant from this header, the magnitudes of the shifts diminish slowly. It is noted that,

although the shift could be either positive or negative depending on the size of beta

ratio, the change in orifice discharge coefficient condition prevails for extended lengths

downstream of the header and the orifice meter requires about 45 diameters of

downstream distance before discharge coefficients attain values equal to those for the

ftilly developed pipefiow conditions.
b. Downstream of a Header with a 19-Tube Tube Bundle

Figure 15 shows the sketch of the header configuration and the 19-tube tube bundle

installation location. During the complete tube bundle test, the bundle is installed at a fixed location relative to the header. The upstream and downstream ends of the tube

bundle are at Z/D=4.26 and 6.2, respectively. Again Z is the axial distance

downstream fi*om the exit plane of the header. The distance between the exit plane of

tlie tube bundle flow conditioner and test meters is denoted by the length, C. Thus, in

the present test, Z/D-C/D = 6.2. The tube bundle used is a conventional 19-tube

concentric design and its arrangement is also shown in figure 15. The unit is a

geometrically scaled version of the prevalent unit used in large pipe sizes according to

orifice meter technology, [16]. It is comprised of tubes having a diameter of 9.5 mm,

wall thickness of 0.4 mm, and tube length of 101.6 mm (approximately 2D length).

Tlie orifice meter perfomiance downstream of the header, H342- 100/0-1 with the 19-

tube tube bundle is reported in this section. The changes in orifice meter discharge

coefficient are presented in tabular forniat in Appendix B. For all tests, the orifice plate

data are obtained using the same scaled ports holder shown in Figure 3.

Figure 16 shows the change in discharge coefficients for a beta=0.75 orifice meter

installed at Z= 8.92 D and C= 2.72 D downstream of the header, H342-100/0-1, and

the 19-tube tube bundle as a flinction of Reynolds number. The discharge coefficients

from the pressure ports at the four angular orientations (0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°) were

measured. Again the pressure taps are those scaled to conventional 10 cm (4 in)

diameter meters. At each flow rate, both the five individual data points (shown by

symbols) and the averaged value (shown by curve) are given. The data indicate that,

qualitatively, there are differences for different angular tap locations. However, these

differences are much smaller than the change due to the piping configuration itself The

effect due to angular tap location is of the order of .5% of the discharge coefficient,

while that due to the piping configuration could be as much as 3%. In addition, the

variation of the change in discharge coefficients due to angular tap location is smaller

than the data uncertainty of ±0.2% as indicated by the individual data points. Since the

effect of angular port locations is smaller, the data presented below will only be for

those averaged data obtained at the 0° port. The complete data for all four pressure

ports are given in Appendix B.

10
Figures 17-19 show the change in discharge coefficients at different downstream

positions from the header, H342- 100/0-1 and the 19-tiibe tube bundle as a function of

Reynolds niunber. Figures 17, 18 and 19 are for beta ratio =0.4, 0.6 and 0.75 with the

corresponding Reynolds number ranges of 25000 to 55000, 35000 to 85000 and 45000

to 100000, respectively. The same data are also plotted differently in figures 20-22,

to show the change in discharge coefficients versus location downstream from the

header, H342-100/0-1 with the 19-tube tube bundle located at Z= 6.2 D. In these

figures, data for three flow rates are shown for each beta ratio. The change in

discharge coefficient for all tliree beta ratios is shifted downwardly at the locations

close to the tube bundle. The data in the previous section show that without the tube

bundle, the changes in discharge coefficient are positive for the smallest beta ratio

while the changes are negative for the largest beta ratio. This indicates that the tube

bundle is quite effective in removing the swirl flow in the pipe. However, the tube

bundle produces other effects on orifice meter perfonnance. Figures 20-22 show the

typical change in orifice meter discharge coefficient with distance downstream of a tube

bundle flow condition: the value downshifted at closer locations, followed by a cross- over to a positive shift, and then returning to zero as the distance increases.

Figure 23 compares the results for three beta ratios of 0.4, 0.6, 0.75 for change in

discharge coefficient plotted against the axial distance from the tube bundle locations,

C/D, upstream of the meter for Re=55000. These results show clearly the aependence

of the orifice characteristics for the three meters at the same flowrate. Significant

negative shifts in discharge coefficient are noted especially for the larger beta ratios;

the magnitudes of these shifts diminish with increasing axial separation, C, between the

orifice plate and the tube bundle exit. All three beta ratio meters achieve about the same

zero shift positions of 12-14 D. If one places a tolerance of ± 0.2% about the

reference orifice discharge coefficient, the meter perfonnance for beta = 0.4 is

acceptable for C/D > 9, and for beta = 0.6, it is acceptable for C/D > 11. The

performance for beta = 0.75 is only acceptable when the 19-tube tube bundle is located

at a C/D within the range of 12-14 with the cross over point at about C/D = 13 and

C/D > 40.

c. Comparison of Orifice Meter Performance

Since the present header pipe flow is very similar to the pipe flow produced by a closely coupled double elbows out-of-plane configuration [1,6,12 ] the meter

11
performance for the header flow is expected to be very similar to that of the double

elbows case. The meter perfomiance for the header flow with and without the tube

bundle is compared with the previous data of a closely coupled double elbows out-ofplane. The changes in discharge coefficients downstream from tliree different piping

configurations are compared: 1) Header, H342- 100/0-1 alone, 2) Closely coupled

double elbows out-of-plane, and 3) H342- 100/0-1 with a 19-tube tube bundle. Figure

24 shows the change in discharge coefficient as a ftmction of the axial distance, Z for

the smallest beta downstream from those three different piping configurations. The

data show the change in discharge coefficients for both the header flow and the double

elbows out-of-plane are positive with the magnitude of the shift much larger for the

header case. The shift in discharge coefficient for the header with tube bundle is

negative at about -0.5% for the closest location of Z/D = 8. As we have learned before,

swirled flows will make the discharge coefficient increase, while the flatness of the

axial velocity profile will make the coefficient decrease. The net result of these two

effects on the meter perfonnance is shown on the figure. That is, the swirl effect is

larger than the flatness effect for both the header and double elbow out-of-plane flows.

Also the effect of the swirl flow on the discharge coefficient is largest for the header

without a tube bundle, and is smallest for the header with a 19-tube tube bundle. This

is consistent with the result of the swirl number reported [1]. The data seem to confinn

that the header produces a more energic swirl flow than the double elbows out-ofplane. The tube bundle is very effective in reducing the swirl flow. Figures 25 and 26

show the comparisons of the change in discharge coefficients for the medium and larger

beta ratios. For the medium beta ratio shown in the Figure 25, the shifts in coefficients

for the header and the double elbows out-of-plane are still positive although they are smaller than the shifts for the small beta case. The shift for the header is still larger

than those for the double elbows out-of-plane case. The largest downshift in the

coefficient for the header with the tube bundle is about -1 .6%, larger than those for the

smaller beta as shown in Figure 24. Figure 26 shows the data for the largest test beta

of 0.75. For all three configurations, the shift in coefficients are all negative at closer

locations. These seem to indicate axial velocity profiles are more influential on the

meter perfonnance than the swirl flow effects for the largest beta ratio.

B) Turbine Meter Performance

As for the orifice meters, the perfonnance of a turbine meter was also assessed in the

two types of arrangements: header H342- 100/0-1 without and with the 19-tube tube

12
bundle flow conditioner. In each case the turbine meter perfonnance was detemiined

at various axial locations downstream of the header. The transfer standard was used

for all these flowmeter perfonnance tests. As in the orifice meter tests, during the

course of turbine meter tests, all conditions were maintained at the same conditions as those for reference case, hi this way, the actual effects due to any installation condition

can be accurately detennined. The estimated uncertainty of the meter constant was

0.1%. The complete data for the change in meter constants are given in Appendix C.

Figures 27-28 present the percentage change in Strouhal number for a turbine meter at

different downstream installation positions from a header as a flinction of Reynolds

number. Tlie meter factor is given by the Strouhal number, St =fD/Wi„ where f is the

meter frequency, D is pipe diameter, and W^ is the averaged bulk velocity. The

ordinate is the percentage shift in meter factor at each flowrate taken relative to the

reference condition. Here the reference Strouhal number of the turbine meter was

measured in a ftilly developed pipe flow downstream of about 200 diameters of

constant diameter, straight pipe. Figure 27 is for the header alone and figure 28 is for

the header with the 19-tube tube bundle. The data shows results over the Reynolds

number range from 40000 to 100000. Figures 29 and 30 present the meter perfonnance

as a flmction of axial distance for three Reynolds numbers of 44000, 72000 and 99000.

The difference in the change in Strouhal number among the three Reynolds numbers

is considered small with and without the 19-tube tube bundle. For the header alone, the

change in Strouhal number for the turbine meter is positive. The shift is 0.4% for the

installation position 3.5-9.3 D downstream of the header. This shift approaches zero

for the ftirthest downstream test posifion of Z= 61 .62 D. If one places a tolerance of

+ 0.1% about the reference meter constant, the minimal pipe length required to ensure

an acceptable meter perfonnance for the turbine meter is about 60 pipe diameters.

When the turbine meter is tested downstream of the header with the 19-tube tube

bundle, results are as given in figure 30. The data show the meter factor shift is less

than 0.1% for all installation positions of the 19-tube tube bundle. That is, this turbine

meter is not affected by the pipeflows exiting from the combination of the header and

the 19-tube tube bundle. It is, therefore, concluded that the geometry of this turbine

design is capable of successfully averaging over the flow patterns presented in the

header with a 19-tube tube bundle and producing a meter factor that is essentially the

reference value in these installation conditions.

13
C) Correlation of Axial Velocity Profile Index and Meter Performance

Different piping configurations produce different velocity profiles. These velocity

profiles can significantly affect flowmeter perfomiance. Based on the measured

velocities, important flow field parameters can be defined and quantified. Depending

on the particular piping configuration some parameters may be more important than the

others in affecting meter perfonnance. Previous research results have shown that

swirling flows produced by several different pipe configurations can have very strong

effects on the meter perfomiance of selected meters [2,6,1 1,13].

The results of velocity measurements for these piping configurations and its profile

indexes are presented in an early report [1]. Various parameters can be used to

characterize the pipe flows [1,22-25]. Here, four velocity profile indexes will be

discussed: swirl angle, swirl number, degree of profile peakness, and a displacement

parameter. The swirl produced by the header configurations is quite similar to those

of the double elbows out-of-plane configuration. It is noted that there is only one large

swirl eddy produced in the header configuration, as there was in the case of the double

elbows out-of-plane. As shown in Ref [1], a mean swirl angle, S^, can be defined as

S^ = (4). . <j).) / 2 , (1)

where ^ = arctan (V/W) is the vertical inclination angle of the velocity vector and

subscripts + and - are, respectively, for the maximum magnitudes of 4) in the positive

and negative X directions along the horizontal diameter at a given axial location Z.

The decay of swirl flows can also be quantified by a pipe swirl number defined as

follows:

e

. WVX X .,^^,

Sj = 4 -J L d(X/D) . (2)

V-0.5 ^

The swirl number, S,, corresponds to an integral of the angular momentum over the

entire pipe cross-section.

The degree of peakness of the axial velocity profiles produced by the piping

14
configurations can be quantified by P^ as:

0.5 P^= I (W/-W^) d(r/D) /

W,' , (3)

/-0.5 /

where W^ is the velocity at the pipe center h'ne location. The integrated quantity is

similar to the momentum thickness parameters commonly used in studying boundary

layer flows.

A parameter quantifying how the flow is displaced from the center of the pipe can also

be useflil. A more "peaky" flow at the pipe center means the flow is more concentrated

at or less displaced from the pipe centerline. A displacement parameter is thus

introduced to quantify the average flow displacement from the pipe centerline for a

selected quantity as follow:

r'^Nh' dr

pv J -Till "^ D f°"w^r dr

J-T>ll

D21 is for the first radial moment of the dynamic pressure W^ Thus, if a profile is

flatter than the ideal profile the change of the peakness will be negative. In this case,

the flow field is displaced away more from the center line and the change of the

displacement should be positive. On the other hand, if the change of the peakness is

positive, or the change of the displacement is negative, the axial mean velocity profile

is more peaked at the pipe center. The detail variations of the profile indexes as a

flinction of the distance downstream of the header flow are given in Ref [1].

Having the distribution data as functions of the distance downstream from the header

for both the orifice meter perfonnance and the flow profile indexes we can obtain the

correlations between them. Figures 31-36 show the relationships, as described in the

captions, between the changes in meter perfonnance and the parameter indexes.

Figure 31 shows the relationship between the change in discharge coefficients and the

swirl number S, for all three beta ratios. A similar relationship based on the swirl angle

Sj, is shown in figure 32. These data show at the condition of greatest swirl, in which

Si= -0.115 and S„ = 16.6", the change in discharge coefficient has a maximum positive

15
value of 4.7% for beta=0.4, 2.5% for beta=0.6, and a negative value of -0.08% for

beta=0.75. All these shifts are diminishing as the swirl intensity is decreasing. The

shifts practically reach zero at swirl number Si= -0.065 and swirl angle S = 9.5°. It should be noticed that we should not conclude from these data that any flow with swirl

angle S^ <9.5° will produce an ideal discharge coefficient. This is because the swirl

number or the swirl angle is not the only parameter that will affect the perfonnance of

the flow meter. In general, additional flow index parameters could also be important.

Figures 33 and 34 show the relationships for the profile peakness, P^ and the profile

displacement. Do,. These data show the effect of profile peakness on meter

perfonnance. Since both the profile peakness and the swirl flow exist in the header

flow and both parameters seem to be important for the orifice meter response, the

measured change in coefficient for the header flow will depend on both these

parameters. A simple single parameter relationship alone will not be able to predict the

meter perfonnance very well. A two-parameter or multiple-parameter model is thus

required for a complete prediction. Nevertheless, the single parameter relationship is

useful for any given piping configuration.

Figure 35 shows the relationship between the change in the turbine meter constant

Strouhal number, St , and the swirl number S,. Figure 36 shows a similar relationship

for the swirl angle S„. These data indicate there is a strong relationship between the

swirl number S, or the swirl angle S^, and the S^ change. A larger swirl flow (larger

magnitude of either S, or SJ will produce a larger shift in the turbine meter constant S,.

The installation effects of the turbine meter downstream of the header seem to be

dominated by the parametric features of the header swirl flow. Thus the S, value for

header installations could be corrected somehow according to a single parameter

empirical curve, such as the S, vs St or S^ vs St curve. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

The meter perfonnances of selected orifice meters and a turbine meter downstream of

the generic header, H342- 100/0-1, both with and without a 19-tube tube bundle flow

conditioner, are reported. In this report, all flow (100%) passes through outlet- 1 and

no flow exits outlet-2 and meters are tested in the outlet- 1. The corresponding LDV

studies of the pipeflow produced by these piping configurations show these pipeflows

to be similar to those from the double elbows out-of-plane configiirafion.[l]

16
A special orifice plate holder with pressure taps that geometrically scales to a 4 inch,

flanged tapped meter was used in the 5 cm (2 in) orifice meters. This is done so that

the 5 cm (2 in) scaled tap orifice data can be compared to conventional 10 cm (4 in)

diameter meter data. This arrangement is expected to set a precedent for larger meter

tests. Tlie nominal values of the beta ratio selected for test are 0.4, 0.6, and 0.75. Each

orifice meter has been tested in a different range of Reynolds numbers over a 2.5 to 1 tumdown.

Tlie data clearly show significant installation effects on the meter discharge coefficients

for the tliree orifice meters tested. The changes in discharge coefficients are positive

for the smallest beta of 0.4, are also positive but smaller for beta of 0.6, and are negative for the largest beta of 0.75. This installation effect is similar to that found in

the case of double elbows out-of-plane configuration, as the secondary flow produced

by the header is very similar to that of double elbows out-of-plane. At least two flow

effects can be attributed to the final change in the discharge coefficients: 1) swirl flow

and 2) axial velocity profile . Swirl flow will nonnally result in an increase in the

discharge coefficient, due to centrifugal effects. A unifonn axial velocity profile will

tend to decrease the coefficient, due to the increased pressure drop across the orifice

plate required to move the additional fluid near the wall through the orifice hole. The

final result thus depends on the competition of the intensities of these two effects.

These data also show the discharge coefficients are increasing with the Reynolds

number, which indicate that swirl effects increase as the flow rate increases.

The effects of pressure tap orientation on orifice meter perfomiance has also been

examined. Results show there are differences for different tap locations. However,

these differences are smaller than the change due to the header flow itself The effect

due to angular tap location is of the order of 0.5% of the discharge coefficient, while

that due to the header is as much as 4%.

The tube bundle is quite effective in removing the swirl flow in the pipe. However, it also creates other effects on the orifice meters. The changes in discharge coefficients

for orifice meters downstream of the header with 19-tube tube bundle have significantly

reduced values for installations nearer to the tube bundle. These negative shifts are reduced with distance to positive values. These reach a maximum and then diminish

to zero with distance downstream. This is a typical response curve for the discharge

coefficient of a orifice meter downstream of a 19-tube tube bundle.

17
For the header alone, the change in Strouhal number for the selected turbine meter is

positive for all conditions. The shift diminishes to zero very slowly as the installation

distance increases. The shift is 0.4% for the installation position 3.5- 9.3 D

downstream of the header. However, it takes about 60 pipe diameters of downstream

distance to reduce this shift to about 0.1% level.

The change in meter constant for the turbine meter downstream of the header with a

19-tube tube bundle is within +0.1% of the reference value for all positions tested.

Tliat is, this turbine meter is not affected by the pipeflows exiting from the combination

of the header and the 19-tube tube bundle.

REFERENCES

[1] Yeh, T.T. and Mattingly, G.E.; Laser Doppler Velocimeter Studies of the

Pipeflow Produced by a Generic Header. NIST Technical Note 1409, April,

1995.

[2] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; NIST's Industry-Government Consortium

Research Program on Flowmeter Installation Effects: Report of Results for the

Research Period Nov. - May 1989, NISTIR 4310, April, 1990.

[3] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; Effects of Pipe Elbows and Tube Bundles on

Selected Types of Flowmeters, Journal of Flow Measurements and

Instmmentation, Vol. 2, pp. 4-13, January, 1991.

[4] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; NIST's Industry-Government Consortium

Research Program on Flowmeter Installation Effects: Report of Results for the

Research Period May 1989 - Feb. 1990: Tube Bundle, NISTIR 4751, Nov.

1990.

[5] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; Effects of Non-Ideal Pipeflows and Tube

Bundles on Orifice and Turbine Meters, Flow Measurement and Instrumentation

Journal, Special Issue on Flowmeter Installation Effects, Butterworth Publ.,

Guildford, U.K., Feb. 1991, pp. 1-19.

18
[6] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; NIST's Industry-Government Consortium

Research Program on Flowmeter Installation Effects: Report of Results for the

Research Period July - December 1987. NISTIR-88-3898, May 1988.

[7] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; NIST's Industry-Goveminent Consortium

Research Program on Flowmeter Installation Effects: Report of Results for the

Research Period Jan. - July 1988, NISTIR-89-4080, April 1989.

[8] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; NIST's Industry-Government Consortium

Research Program on Flowmeter Installation Effects: Report of Results for the

Research Period Feb-Dec. 1990: Tee Used As An Elbow, NISTIR 4753,

December 1990.

[9] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; Summary Report of NIST's Industry-Government

Consortium Research Program on Flowmeter histallation Effects With Emphasis

on the Research Period January-September 1991 : The Reducer, NISTIR 4779,

December 1991.

[10] Yeh, T.T. and Mattingly, G.E.; Summary Report of NIST's Industry-Government

Consortium Research Program on Flowmeter Installation Effects: The 45°

Elbow. NIST Technical Note 1408, Sept. 1994.

[11] Mattingly, G.E., Yeh, T.T., Robertson, B., and Kothari, K.; NBS Research on

In-Situ Flowmeter Installations, Procs, AGA Distribution and Transmission

Confr. Las Vegas NV, May 1987.

[12] Yeh, T.T. and Mattingly, G.E.; Mixing Motions Produced by Pipe Elbows,

NISTIR 89-4029 January 1989.

[13] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; Flowmeter Installation Effects Due to Several

Elbow Configurations, Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on

Fluid Flow Measurement, pp. 271-283, June, 1990.

[14] Mattingly, G.E. and Yeh, T.T.; Elbow Effects on Pipe Flow and Selected Flow

Meters. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Flow Measurement,

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science. 1993, pp. 149-1 67.

19
[15] Harbriiik, B., Zimig, W., Hassenpflug, H., Kerber, W., and Zimmemiami, H.;

The Disturbance of Flow Through an Orifice Plate Meter Run by the Upstream

Header, 5th International IMEKO=Conference on Flow Measurement

FLOMEKO, Dusseldorf (FRG), pp. 75-90, October, 1989.

[16] Williamson, I.D., Botros, K.K. and Price, G.R.; Flow Characteristics and Orifice

Meter Error Caused by Upstream Headers in Multi-Run Meter Stations. The

Forum on Fluid Measurements and Instmmentation of the 1993 ASME Fluids

Engineering Division, June, 1993.

[17] Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and other Related Hydrocarbon Fluids,

ANSI/API 2530, AGA Report No. 3, 2nd Ed., Ainerican Gas Association,

Arlington, VA, May 1985.

[18] Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and other Related Hydrocarbon Fluids, Part

1, General Equations and Uncertainty Guidelines, AGA Report No.3, API 14.3,

GPA 8185-90, 3rd Ed., October 1990.

[19] Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and other Related Hydrocarbon Fluids, Part

2, Specification and Installation Requirements, AGA Report No.3, API 14.3,

GPA 8185-90, 3rd Ed., Febmary 1991.

[20] Measurement of Fluid Flow by Means of Orifice Plates, Nozzles, and Venturi

Tubes Inserted in Circular Cross-section Conduits Running Full, ISO 5167 - 1980 (E), Intemational Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 1980.

[21] Fluid Meters- Their Theory and Applications 6th ed, ASME, New York, 1971,

ed. by Bean, H.S., Chapter 1-5.

[22] Yeh, T.T. and Mattingly, G.E.; Pipeflow Downstream of a Reducer and Its Effects on Flowmeters. Flow Meas. lustrum., 1994 Vol.5, no. 3, pp. 181-187

[23] Klein, A.; Review: Turbulent Developing Pipe Flow. J. of Fluids Engineering,

June 1981, Vol.103, pp. 243-249.

20
[24] Klein,A.; Review: Effects of Inlet conditions on Conical-Diffiise Perfonnance.

J. of Fluid Engineering, June 1981, Vol. 103, p. 250

[25] Ghazi, H.S.; A Pressure Index for Predicting the effect of Flow Profiles on

Orifice Meter Perfonnance. J. of Basic Engineering, March 1966, pp. 93-100.

21
Header H342

One Inlet: 77 mm Dia.

Two Outlets: 52 mm Dia.

Tank Body: 103 mm Dia.

All dimensions are nominal and in mm

Figure 1 . The Generic Header Geometry, H342 Consisting

One Inlet and Two Outlets.

22
a>E

:-

O

§us =

a.

Oc •- ^^« c« o =

-c ^ 3

OH o

23
oCT>

CD Q o

00 o

es EC oog

if) c

CDEb

^h-

"<j

-^T.\^

CD

CD

-.—

Q

.^"^ ,,—,, in in in h^ h- CN CO

n

00 '^ a> ^ zz. o

CD CD 00 h- 00 CO ^

CN CN

LO in ^—«» a> r^ in

CO ^

CO CN o o o^

CD in "^

CNJ a> CD

^^ o o o o in

CD Ntw^ r— ^T—

-^ o ^ Tj- hin in CM

CN CN ^

lO

CN --"^ ^—

o r^ h- o o Q ^

CN csi CO

CN CD CD

CN CN CD • in in

CD

:>

:> oCD ID o cz CD OX O oO o B

(D

•«—»

CD

Co ^

CD CD Q.

jii*^"N, ^ ^

CD

r ^ s ^ V

O Eoo

CN CN o Eo Eo

in in

O3

T3C

03

IS

"oso

9i

C/)us

24
0.4

0.2 -

73

u

<

0.0 -

-0.2

I'll

Reference Cd for (3 = 0.75, Scaled Port.

- Average Indiv idual

(J 0«

90°

A 180°

-

o

V 270°

o A V

d

A

y V y

A a D 9 &

A g "^ A "^-^ 8

6 y ^^'^^ 8 T'^"^

A

~"~^ -JL—"""'^

^AT- -' — —

a~2^~ -=-f- -r" a H

o A D o V

V B ^ B D

a O a

V D

' V

n O

V

1 1

1 1 40 60 80 100

Re / 1000

Figure 4. Typical Uncertainty and Angular Variation on

Discharge Coefficients.

25
5.0

^

2.5

0.0

i

aS

? /^°

as

1 y^

x^ o

: o H342-100/0-1, Z/D = 4.66

P = 0.4, Scaled Port.

Average Individual

n no 9Q0

^ 180°

V 270°

20 40

Re / 1000

60

I

o

Figure 5. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a

Beta =0.4 Orifice Meter at Four Tap Locations

Downstream of a Header.

26
2

-

^

©^

<

1 -

T 1

1 1 1 r

1 1

1 r

40

H342-100/0-1, Z/D = 4.66

(3 = 0.6, Scaled Port.

Average Individual o Qo

D 90°

A 180°

V 270°

60

Re / 1000

80

Figure 6. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a

Beta =0.6 Orifice Meter Downstream of a Header

for four Tap Locations.

27
X

o

o

-1 -

^

©^

<

-2 -

-3

_.,

, 1 1 1 -i 1

1

1 1 1

o

H342-100/0-1, Z/D = 4.66

P = 0.75, Scaled Port.

8'

- 8^

- o

o J^

^

_^,

^ s

V Ay ^ g ^y^ _

- s>

A ^

o

o

D

a

Average Individual o 0°

D 90«

^ 180°

^ 270«

D

1 1 1 —1_ . . 1 till

40 60 80

Re / 1000

100

Figure 7. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a

Beta =0.75 Orifice Meter Downstream of a Header

for four Tap Locations.

28
- H342-100/0-1

(3 = 0.4, Scaled Port at 0«.

Z/D=4.66

3

-

^

©^

U 2

<

^

16.28

27.9 .-^v

. t^

V

o

—

v'

o

<b:^.-^—

_

o

39.52

51.14

.. o

-0-o 62.76

20 40

Re / 1000

60

Figure 8. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a Beta =0.4

Orifice Meter at Different Downstream Positions from

a Header, H342-100/0-1.

29
^

©^

u

30

—I 1 1

I

1 I

H342-1 00/0-1

P = 0.6, Scaled Port at 0".

Z/D=4.66

-A

16.28

^^

27.9 —V-

—V-

•O

-j:

O— '~~^

.^-v

O

o 39.52

5U4- .-o .. —o

62.76

50 70

Re / 1000

90

XM

o

o

m

Figure 9. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a Beta =0.6

Orifice Meter at Different Downstream Positions from

a Header, H342-100/0-1.

30
0.0

-0.8

6^

73

U

<

-1.6

-2.4

-I

1 1 r T T

40

62.76

o

c 51.14

-o —• •-0

o

39.5i —v"

27.9

is^ 16.28

10.47

Z/D=4.66

0-- 0-

... o

•

JOT-

.-o

- O

.-V

H342-100/0-1

P = 0.75, Scaled Port at 0°.

60 80

Re / 1000

100

Figure 10. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a Beta =0.75

Orifice Meter at Different Downstream Positiions from

a Header, H342-100/0-1.

31
^ CQ

lO CO CNJ [%] ' P3V

UJ ^ ^ s s

«5

o*^.

_^ o

^. +1 9 ^

II JC

ec ^

*-* CJ

a,> ^

pa 2c

cQ a> ^^ oiT^~~- ^o®'/I S

9J

•s ^ c •— oc O (M

c«

C 55 s

"^

a> o <

WD

N =ij;« 5^ • ^i oCNJ Q U —c ii

-o

W J5 ODii = s 5 « u s — o —cs uC^i* X - ^ E . a

a> ^

a> t/3 u c O s ^o

u.

O

X

32
o

CD

-^> -*-• ^ U S S G ,o U ^

c^. .-. o ^ + 9 ^ o c o

CN

-^ a> ^ .w OS O ^ = oU I = -i! &j ^ c X ^ re u s < E

[%] ' P3V

(;/5 C>OQ

33
1

-A

1 1 1— "1 rp

1 1 1

1 1 1

1 O

i i ^

r

\ \ 2 o .

\ 2^ o \

\

r

H342- 5,

Scaled o

^ '^ n o^

4; '^ t^ C\ ^

1 ^ t^

n II

O D <

. ^1 \\ .

-

i

1

1 t\

-

-

1 \

'A

-

- \

^^^^

\

1 . . 1 .

N=

^^^

o

CD

O

S3

c

n

o

CM

s- c

E

in o «^. +1 o ^

II ^

c« ^

tl = o

^- ^

c '^

IS *

53 'a

a> _ u-0^ o

W) N

^ o

5« ^

u s — Cm

u

3

o

d

00

CD

CD

CNJ

5/5 s

o

XN

O

[%1 ' P3V

34
1 ] I 1 —1 1 1 1 1—1

II 1 1 1 r

y-v - ^^ " O -*-» -^ C5 o /\ O ^^ _ 1—( ©

'. o r^ zl ' •^ ill 1 ^ Z '^ ^ r- T\\ 1 = lo ^^ o o o /

9J

O / ' O D < 1 1 ^ « I'. / 1 I - n fl - \ / / 1111I / / / ^ 1<1 / / / / 11

"• / / / / 11 / r 1\ y^ / \ \ ^ f^ ^ / / \ / \ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 o

COo

03s< O

eg

CZ) u

flj

w

^^ ^ a; ^ S^

c^ o

CJ = G ^

•ZC

(-5 tZ! «^ S—

a.

J

GX)^ C ^

C5 CC

ff!

Q ^ 15 ^ "^^ = ^

V5

N S

•s =

!Zt^^^ IT. C> ITi &X) II b ^ ^ CS^ u u

C/5 5t= ^ — -3

4J

W

c«

—

x: ^ • u s c

cc > cc •— ;m X u • E^ ;^

en ^ 3 g

<N

CJ • ^^ u! ^N + 1 CM

[%] ' P3V

CN

35
ss

If)

IT)BO&

CIF

O EE

CO

(DCiEE

'^oEE

in

HiDcm

CDI O

ONcos

-as

=3

a> -Q

t: s •- ^ ^ B a !5X)

?1 ^ X ^< O x5 ^ =

a>

0^

C/5 r=

IT) •::

4^sw o

36
-2.5

^ -3.0

<

-3.5

H342-100/0-1 & Tube Bundle

Z/D = o.J2, C/D= 2.72 Average Individual

P = 0.75, Scaled Ports.

o 0°

D 90°

A 180°

V 270°

40 60 80 100

Re / 1000

X

o

O

Figure 16. Change in Discharge Coefficients for

a Beta =0.75 Orifice Meter Downstream of a Header

and a 19-Tube Tube Bundle for Four Tap Locations.

37
0.2

0.0

•^ -0.2

'a

U

<

-0.4

-0.6

1

1 1 1 r H342-100/0-1 & Tube Bundle

P =0.4, Scaled port at 0"

o^

D--

AZ/D C/D

o 8.92 2.72

• 14.73 8.53

n 20.54 14.34

26.35 20.15

A 37.97 31.77

55.44 49.22

20 40

Re/ 1000

60

LLXN

O

<

Figure 17. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a Beta =0.4

Orifice Meter at Different Downstream Positions from

a Header, H342-100/0-1 and a 19-Tube Tube Bundle.

38
©^

^

a

U

<

-1 -

-2

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 11

H342-100/0-1 &Tube Bundle

1 1

P =0.6, Scaled port at 0«

-

~

A

at D— ***— —..^ —2 — a

.

:....:^

*^-^^ —

Z/D C/D -

8.92 2.72

14.73 8.53

20.54 14.34 _ 26.35 20.15

37.97 31.77 -

^ 55.44 49.22

-

- ^\___ o

Jl 1

1 I 1 1 J 1_. 1 1 1 30 50 70

Re / 1000

90

Figure 18. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a Beta =0.6

Orifice Meter at Different Downstream Positions from

a Header, H342-100/0-1 and a 19-Tube Tube Bundle.

39
X

o

o

1.0 -

0.0 -

•^ -1.0 - T5

<

-2.0 -

-3.0 -

40

1

. 1 t 1 1 1 H342-100/0-1 i&Tube Bundle

1

; P

==0.75, Scaled port at 0°

;

A.D—

"" — - —

-A-.

" -D-- —— —

-

A ^ A — ———

A ^-n -a

I

-TIII!

-•— •— -•- •

- Z/D C/D

-

- o 8.92 2.72 -

. • 14.73 8.53

_ 20.54 14.34 ^

- 26.35 20.15

37.97 31.77

o -O—

.

55.44 49.22

-

^ ,

1

1 1 1 1 j_

^ o

60 80 100

Re / 1000

Figure 19. Change in Discharge Coefficients for a Beta =0.75

Orifice Meter at Different Downstream Positions from

a Header, H342-100/0-1 and a 19-Tube Tube Bundle.

40
w

T

r 9 i'

<s

<u vo

^i^

II s3

P3

u 3 § H •s o ^ o

-<-» T-H e: o r o o

Cl, ^^ s n u

rr

w

n

u

X c/5 u O a> Tt

T3

C5 • o

0^ II X en o

fS ^ IT) r^ r^ 1/5 o < J

L o U C/3 lO o eC o • o .S -^

II *UX CJ CQ • 1>. c«o;^ 3

c«

M o

CO

Q

0^ 3

<U (mmo ^ U ["

an ^ 1 &X)C^

T—

^^ « c« 55 XI o • o •«

CM < 3 • -^3

0^

0^ c«

U

(DX ^ 0^

C"

r cc

t. -4 3 f « ;^

O

u

."5 *^ ^^ • ^ E + 1 • cc o;

0^ ^ n -«>ri 3 s 3

a> ^ Q od o

[%1 'P3V

41 i
-\^

A c3

pa3HI oooI fSX

II uoO^^ro

ec

C/5

IO ^ II o2 ^ "/J r^ ^ o n <i

^^«ra

J I I I I I I L o

in

CMI U V3

C> 4>

-^^ c 0^ • i S ^

4i) in U c« c: •o • HM ^^^ u 03 o C o • o o1 uoK Ci) CQ • c«o e

^^^ C: 3 o O V3 CQ

CO c a; U .^ £i

*3E 3H

a; ce o ^

22

U 3H

Q c^6X)ON o

CMX ^ < 5 u c c

0^ CQ

U

01 ^ ^ c ffi S

iC c« :;j o roiti 2% X '^ d < E +1 • cc a>

0^ 4=

(N -faowns enote o tZ Q Q

[%1 'P3V

u.X

CD

42
3 e

PQ

u 3H O ^ o 1 « o t, o o o

PM o "^ fS On 1 o Tf |-« ON X ^ o n < u

9^ iJ t>

C5 • o

4^ II s CO.

CMI COI o

\n • Io c

-a o

^^^ -<-» ''T IT)• o

II coo

d:

CJ P3 • 0^

CQ o o

-ac3

CO

""^ V5 Cfi u 0^

•^ ^ .2i X)3

cc c. dJ • V5 ou 3

I^H

H <u 1 C5 WDCs o • ^H u ^H

CN

X< ac •

^3 c 0^ T3

OJ cc

u

0£ c> 0) E 3 o JZ c« ;^ o X ;*« • o < E +1 • w ^

fs o ^

<N «i^ dJ V3 a; ^40 u 3 o o ^ c o ^

u. c Q

[%1 'P3V

A^
oo

CO ^-uS

CNJ >^

9j

9J IS

O o II c u aa s3 c5 0^ JB ^

«^ ' 2i W)0^ <^ 2 c« +1

.22 = £ C « o

7. '^ = ^ oi oj

WD S 5 ^ o J- mn

CJ

9J

CNJ CO coNo O X

Xo

[%1 'P3V

44
1 1 i r- 1 1 1 1 1 1 II 1 1 1 1 o O " oIT)

IT)

II^ 1 ^•s ll -^ 1 2 o o ® H 1 f

•1 1/) = 1 ^ ^ ^ J

^. III ffS « o ^ «

II f^ iO 1 1 <22- ^ iS = p

f^ *t / ^ O ^ / 1 O rl ® / 1 ^^ C2- *»-. 1 o ^ O / o o o / ^ > ^ / n . ' fS / Tf X '^ / r<^ + f*^ /

ffi

J ffi / / ^ O D < / / / / ' / ' \ ' >^ i \ / \

yT 1 . . . CM I

on

hi o 4> CD

Small

Beta

Orifice

Me

Horizontal

dash

lines

O

Q

a . h5 ^ s

#v = o

QJ CJ •rr C

•^ -^i^ O CQ s ^

;/3 2^ DD O 5-

cc• 4>

O

X ^ -rv ^ cc WD

O 5£ ^

CNJ

4^

u

u

cc • - c

x:Q

p

.5 2^ X ^ o < E +1 . c« «

Tt <U J=

(N

u ^«-<

O 5

wns note

&J o ^

tl

O

Q

[%] 'PDV

X

45
CO 1 1— ' o

...,., ._p- f

'—'- "1 1 o ^ m

00I < . a 1 2 o < i ^ I . 1I

e=8

die, . 11

\0 II J2

II oc ^ , c^ .^ ^ i 1 . ^, ^. 1 T 9 "T / o ^ o o // ^ >^ T 1 1 fN ,' r^ 1 ^ X ^ 1 f*^ 4- PO

ll / °1

ffi

J s [ o c < I - 1 \ - / / 4 \ / / \ / 1 / 1 \ / \ p 1a \ /

Ni 1 1 1 o

CDO

SIS

tf3

O

CM

OJ CMI [%1 'P3V 6 "B 3 ^

4i) V3So

(J

O £ U o c < .2

c« s ^s

CJ^

4^

C

WD P S IcoQ

(/)

4^ o

+1

^^oss s-^ s

46
o

CD

CN

[%] 'P3V o

S3s

OS < o

CM

COI E Z o ^ « § ^ IS O WD U =

£5 S ^ I?C5 +1

bj 0^ ^

a;

NO

47
0.4 -

< 0.2

0.0

——\ 1

I

I

I I r H342-100/0-1, Turbine Meter

T 1 r

-^Z^ti^J.ST

-tsnr

r, 17- ^ ^7 —

26.76 ^

T

O

o

o

38.38

50.0

o

--0

-Oo—

-o- 61.62

0-

.^ oo^'

J L J |_ J L J L 40 60 80

Re /lOOO

100

X

N

o

Figure 27. Change in Meter Constant for a Turbine Meter

at Different Downstream Positions from a Header.

48
0.1

0.0

<

-0.1

-0.2

1

1

I 1 I

1

1 r

H342-100/0-1 &Tube Bundle

Turbine Meter

Z/D C/D

o 7.78 1.58

• 13.59 7.39

D 19.4 13.2

25.21 19.01

A 36.83 30.63

54.26 48.06

40 60 80 100

Re / 1000

Figure 28. Change in Meter Constant for a Turbine Meter

at Different Downstream Positions from a Header and

a 19-Tube Tube Bundle.

49
o

CD

bine

Meter

Downstream

1%

Uncertainty.

O

Q = o H +1 N a ^

ij

u ^ s

(2 ^ w ^ o

*•* s c V5 o

9S 0.^ S ^

c«

O CJ ^

.£ < O

4^ ««

CM c «

CDO CD o"

O

o"

CSJ o o C

bi

O c N

C5

U ^ O u 22 ^^

cc • 0^ ^

t:w • UK

OJ 5C u5 E W o

1.

[%1 ' ^sv

rN

50
1 r- 1 1 1 T

B

1 «

nstre note

-

1

i

1 o

r

Dow

nes

De

11

1

1

I

1 5 <«

1

1

rbine ntal d

qj

\\

O 3

^

u « S

s

s On) 1^

PQ \ \ CJ (m ^ rq 1 \\ = ±

1

0/0-1 &

Tub

Z/D-C/D=

6.

\\

\\

nsta und

\\

\ o

CM

."5 CQ

1. Xl

?

<

o ^

fil

^ "^ fS On

' r

/'/

4i "^ r- OS

C^ 3 3

'7. H

s'^ O D <

4i 1 GDCN • 3 ^ ^

0^ c \\

2 C« 3

1 (J -a 5 — 5 ^

1 CC ^ OJ

< > ii. >< ^ c

< TS ^

• a

He

0.1% 6 i1 3 E

+"

1 1 1 1 O

t ^

f^ r CN o CN '^ i^m -h^ CDOCD d c6

[%1 ' ^sv

51
I ooI r<XX ooo

PC

m (^ o^

tn Qo o\

Tf \0 t- oooo 3

00ooI

4>a

enSoU

^)

W)

0^ . ox 2 5 -2 = £

oj

O o ^

CNJ [%] ' P3V

PC' S

a; 3

:u MM

CN 3

T— bi o* • ^ ^ 1 b C/) oo

52
. ,. , ' \' // .

</ - - \ \ \ \ - - \ \ \ \ - \\ 1 -

\()<

Header

H342-100/0-1 or-»

m r*^ as

^55 IT) 00 C\

PC

CD.

n ^. «^. o o o o a < 1 i11 1 m - ? o

"Si) s< - in ^

'ac

cecoUc• MmW)c . .e O u

4> CC

<«-«

w c

PQo

Q^ 0^ PS W)

[%1 ' P3V SO

PC ^

(/!)

TO COo

53
L1 T

., , , 1 1J 1—< O 1 oo1-^ o2 yn t*^ o\ 1

ii ^ m 00 ON 1 - X IT) ca ^. ^. f^. 1 « o o o

-o

05

4> X QUA - - ;> 1 A 11 - / / 1 1 / / 11 r^ r \ / 1 \ - / 1 \\ 1 1 1 1 \-

CNJ l%] ' P3V oo

0)

J^

•4^ -oc«

en ^^S

OJ •*^

SS«S

O)oU

On ^ 1

•V T— CA c^ o « V5 Q

4^ Oh^Eo ^ «8 uw *-

^^^ ^

CJ CQ o fi ®

&£ 5 «^ S oj &£

c« J2 ^1 u 4> Q<

e.

u

CNJ S'2 V3 O §0."

•^ •s ti V3 W c« "3 g . «

a> -Siou ^ ^

CLO

54
1— 1 ' < \ I - \ I \ \ I - \ II \ 1 \ 1 ' V L 1 Q — J n \ \ \ \ r( - \ \

\\ 1 Vk / \ ^ f> o o o - 1 oo ^

tn r^ as 1 ^ IT) 00 o^

n P^ 1 Tf in 1 X

rn^ 1 ^• ^• ^• - O O O

uoon o a < vX 1 1 t 1 c ^

oo -o

T— s o CQ o on

'3

V) r^ s44 a oU

<s

V o £?

es s ^^* CN ^ (^ ^ B

5/3

O

Od ^ • =^H g:

Q. a> cc

<r> Sf t^ 5

_a> .n **- (= w 2 o

Si bX) o w cc CDo 1 = o cc CJ Cm u

CM

[%1 ' P3V ooo

;£

ca

M

a. o f r«

{/) ^^ c c o QJs

ec ll^ ^^ c^ 0^ j2 • cr a U u ; ^^" v=o

u. Q.

CMaO

55
ooQ . ^^

im • ffM ^

c»

iJ

JS

•^^ -o

fies

•^rf s

c«

•<-« onS O o O u 1 4^

(/5

00ooI d

CMd od

CMoI ^

4^ • a

Si 4^ B

I9X) S 3 c« Z JSU

"Z• ^

C/5

«-» s . 4^ U « «

^1

Q. S

IE ifi V3 U e 3

.2

H

C8 *

§1

U^ C/D

r^

u

4^ 4> 3 s3

tu z

[%1 ' JSV

56
o

y^

U

n

Tt 0^ o X %

QJ

im c o a> • 1—i

"w £i

II C5 1. QJ 3 o X H tf d

CMd oCNJ

CB

lO eo ^ 0) s Q c ^^ • BiM «v O C5 WDC o —

CC

'^~ ^ feX) U < u

MM f•^ri U• c ^ 0^ C/5 p

Bctwe

Meter.

in

Relationshi

ora

Turbine • ;«^ f^o

L.

—

CJD S c o

LZ <

(0

00

[%1 ' JSV

57

APPENDIX A

Orifice Flowmeter Perfonnance

for a Header H342-100/0-1

Meters in the Outlet Pipe #1

with the Outlet #1 Opened and the Outlet #2 Closed

Water Temperature =21.5 ''C Gage Pressure = 138 kPa (20 PSI)

Water Density = 997.88 kg/m^

Water Kinematic Viscosity = 9.71958*10"^

Meter Tube Diameter, D= 52.5 mm (2.07")

Al
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 4.66

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

AC<i[%], (Cd/Cd, 3-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 22254 2 .21735 2.46876 2 .38099 2 .47832

2 22267 2 .91114 3.03741 2 .87481 2 .91404

3 22239 2 .66894 2.40543 2 .73144 2 .72680

4 22252 2 .39069 2.60654 2 .49238 2 .55244

5 22260 2 .52119 2.69128 2 .64686 2 .68923

6 28996 2 .92524 3.30977 3 .23613 3 .26050

7 29010 3 .31365 3.38375 3 .30517 3 .31159

8 28983 2 .72436 2.80156 2 .95478 2 .93615

9 28987 2 .98772 2.86294 2 .85625 2 .88440

10 29015 3 .06438 3.03091 3 .07123 3 .07214

11 36022 3 .51850 3.45872 3 .44725 3 .41335

12 36027 3 .18225 3.24724 3 .36292 3 .25904

13 36027 3 .70010 3.74319 3 .67996 3 .66751

14 36026 3 .37315 3.37287 3 .30492 3 .51392

15 36030 3 .58624 3.57562 3 .53599 3 .46016

16 44401 3 .98834 4.06445 3 .86915 4 .00293

17 44397 4 .14946 4.24777 4 .07162 4 .20567

18 44388 3 .81401 3.90967 3 .98238 3 .93129

19 44392 4 .24641 4.35382 4 .25751 4 .37527

20 44392 3 .90774 4.03925 4 .00253 3 .98503

21 55387 4 .32818 4.26649 4 .41261 4 .42798

22 55426 4 .77427 4.82543 4 .81613 4 .78735

23 55444 4 .60194 4.64174 4 .59020 4 .57629

24 55450 4 .68273 4.72268 4 .70349 4 .67251

25 55406 4 .44275 4.36497 4 .35441 4 .38021

*•** Average Data *••*

26 22254 2 .54187 2.64189 2 .62530 2 .67216

27 28998 3 .00308 3.07780 3 .08472 3 .09297

28 36027 3 .47206 3.47953 3 .46621 3 .46280

29 44394 4 .02119 4.12298 4 .03663 4 .10003

30 55423 4 .56598 4.56428 4 .57537 4 .56887 **** Standard Deviation *•**

31 22254 .26505 0.24785 .19447 .16853

32 28998 .21441 0.26067 .18747 .18985

33 36027 .20060 0.19007 .14797 .14873

34 44394 .17608 0.17661 .14335 .18576

35 55423 .18004 0.23831 .19336 .16858

A2
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 10.47

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re O*' 90* 180** 270*

1 22207 10831 1.13410 1. 19658 1. 28172

2 22210 61168 1.62592 1. 60858 1. 58858

3 22205 98933 1.02826 1. 05520 1. 16034

4 22190 74017 1.73385 1, 66861 1. 65187

5 22194 29939 1.43733 1. 47422 1, 40944

6 28917 97723 2.07859 2. 09159 2. 09085

7 28924 2! 44723 2.32415 2. 22626 2. 17874

8 28926 73774 1.72496 1 71525 1. 69979

9 28912 89451 1.91714 1 87106 1. 85895

10 28905 2 19573 2.00527 1 97231 2. 09858

11 36127 2 48006 2.52729 2 51847 2. 53419

12 36109 2 61273 2.57550 2 68562 2 59272

13 36107 2 30467 2.40425 2 45308 2 42030

14 36103 2 .77570 2.67051 2 .79848 2 81832

15 36110 2 94427 2.81626 2 .66631 2 64677

16 44367 3 .22938 3.13736 3 .08374 3 .15374

17 44340 3 .07580 2.90223 2 .87236 2 .84763

18 44328 2 .96917 3.04606 2 .98540 2 .98200

19 44348 3 .36299 3.32104 3 .25223 3 .31029

20 44327 2 .82263 2.83570 2 .80695 2 .92834

21 55407 3 .54186 3.61249 3 .55625 3 .60737

22 55422 3 .70838 3.71974 3 .67666 3 .69093

23 55427 4 .06524 3.99537 3 .98780 3 .82792

24 55409 3 .94277 3.82484 3 .80296 3 .92745

25 55347 3 .34943 3.51079 3 .46582 3 .51655

• ••• Average Data *•••

26 22201 1 .34978 1.39189 1 .40064 1 .41839

27 28917 2 .05049 2.01002 1 .97530 1 .98538

28 36111 2 .62348 2.59877 2 .62438 2 .60245

29 44342 3 .09198 3.04847 3 .00013 3 .04439

30 55402 3 .72153 3.73264 3 .69789 3 .71404

*••• Standard Deviation • •••

31 22201 .32091 0.30522 .26532 .20551

32 28917 .27660 0.21982 .19686 .19933

33 36111 .24923 0.15490 .13825 .14711

34 44342 .21208 0.19277 .17622 .18610

35 55402 .29037 0.18767 .20553 .16513

A3
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 16.28

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90** 180" 270**

1 22223 1..07119 0.96511 1..04199 0..99814

2 22226 0..69674 0.85578 0..72031 0,.77210

3 22216 0,.64360 0.65843 0..66424 0.,73332

4 22221 0..87886 0.91889 0..92970 0..90299

5 22223 0..80493 0.77200 0..78812 0..67461

6 28949 0..94280 1.15928 0..92822 0..96741

7 28967 1..26460 1.10379 1,.16983 1..12712

8 28947 1,.12269 1.02180 1..10760 0..90745

9 28952 0,.87444 0.94 650 0..88576 .10474

10 28978 1..04805 0.88665 1,.00179 .00963

11 36024 1..22731 1.29133 1..29795 .20390

12 36005 1,.38582 1.45254 1,.41010 .39632

13 35999 1,.32045 1.41107 1..34964 .37971

14 36019 1,.56567 1.48579 1,.46597 .46347

15 36024 1,.27124 1.24608 1..22831 .29183

16 44403 1,.63223 1.81560 1,.81379 .83703

17 44439 2,.15395 1.89998 1,.91468 .93827

18 44408 1,.77370 1.73419 1,.73166 .78910

19 44418 1,.84657 1.95088 1,.95042 .96457

20 44456 1,.96211 2.00198 2,.00193 .99727

21 55712 2,.46356 2.38924 2,.38192 2,.38688

22 55716 2,.33923 2.27311 2,.22108 2,.23142

23 55729 2,.59883 2.45024 2,.43242 2,.44091

24 55773 2..16056 2.20842 2..16497 2,.15174

25 55722 2,.06545 2.15942 2..25857 2..18908

***• Average Data • **•

26 22222 .81906 0.83404 0,.82887 0..81624

27 28959 1 .05053 1.02361 1,.01865 1,.02327

28 36014 1,.35410 1.37736 1..35038 1,.34705

29 44425 1,.87372 1.88053 1..88250 1,.90525

30 55730 2 .32553 2.29609 2 .29180 2 .28000

•**• Standard Deviation *•**

31 22222 .16813 0.12197 .15501 0..13181

32 28959 .15293 0.11139 .11921 0,.09231

33 36014 .13216 0.10400 .09300 .10082

34 44425 .19686 0.10666 .10859 0,.08810

35 55730 .21737 0.12190 .11207 .12703

A4
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 27.9

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,s-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0" 90° 180° 270°

1 22216 52338 0.49260 0. 47787 0. 48421

2 22212 31332 0.33806 0. 38940 0. 38459

3 22215 36885 0.42176 0. 35405 0, 41732

4 22222 40183 0.44880 0. 49785 0. 51076

5 22193 .45386 0.37732 0. 45935 0. 45940

6 28868 .49049 0.44709 0. 44252 0. 46785

7 28877 .28516 0.37232 38646 40858

8 28887 53986 0.47106 47375 44934

9 28881 41774 0.45656 46318 39495

10 28871 .35721 0.39024 40484 38262

11 36098 .36688 0.44569 46176 45566

12 36106 .53117 0.52423 52509 56194

13 36100 .44207 0.48881 49450 51332

14 36117 .56723 0.56783 56916 .59034

15 36105 .62971 0.54113 58431 60291

16 44434 .54348 0.63991 66360 .64470

17 44468 .64615 0.78381 .80170 .81880

18 44477 .71431 0.72084 .74859 .73700

19 44449 .83612 0.74856 .81331 .75893

20 44457 .75500 0.73349 .71431 .77906

21 55442 .80103 0.90912 .86165 .87817

22 55272 .93114 0.88405 .95989 .89784

23 55339 1 .05897 0.99330 .98812 .98812

24 55638 .99815 0.96157 .91769 .95958

25 55305 .89665 0.86604 .88548 .84538

*••• Average Data *•••

26 22211 .41224 0.41571 .43571 .45125

27 28877 .41810 0.42746 .43416 .42067

28 36105 .50741 0.51352 .52696 .54483

29 44457 .69900 0.72533 .74830 .74770

30 55399 .93718 0.92282 .92256 .91382

1"r*** Standard Devi ation ***•

31 22211 .08040 0,06020 .06125 .05070

32 28877 .10176 0.04340 .03740 .03640

33 36105 .10375 0.04740 .05090 .06050

34 44457 .11078 0.05310 .06100 .06480

35 55399 .09830 0.05250 .05250 .05810

AS
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 39.52

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90" 180° 270°

1 22167 0,.31283 0.33627 0.21062 0..31371

2 22171 0..25423 0.22679 0.23874 0..21777

3 22191 0,.30467 0.29478 0.32700 0..27224

4 22162 0,.20455 0.24922 0.28552 0,.25091

5 22179 0,.27826 0.34614 0.34260 0..32680

6 28895 0,.22694 0.17908 0.18355 0,.28536

7 28898 0,.15455 0.22832 0.24432 0,.19774

8 28899 0,.30840 0.25000 0.30670 0,.26399

9 28899 0..21322 0.31284 0.26279 0,.25082

10 28913 0,.27014 0.28088 0.29937 0,.22636

11 36082 0,.29173 0.29537 0.28315 0,.28198

12 36028 0,.19447 0.17772 0.16921 0,.24616

13 36061 0,.24465 0.20917 0.22068 0,.21966

14 36041 0,.18868 0.24106 0.20795 0,.19638

15 36042 0,.21046 0.26108 0.24896 0,.23347

16 44493 0,.35448 0.23008 0.31625 0,.26433

17 44492 0..26510 0.32576 0.30044 0,.30053

18 44475 0,.22168 0.29522 0.28504 0,.28476

19 44476 0,.29341 0.35597 0.33298 0,.33012

20 44479 0,.25027 0.26182 0.24428 0,.30563

21 55601 0..41770 0.42807 0.41169 0,.36221

22 55558 0,.32434 0.32081 0.31535 0,.31768

23 55582 0,.30318 0.36090 0.35884 0,.37620

24 55540 0,.27028 0.28607 0.30243 0,.32875

25 55580 .37891

*•••

0.38293

Average

0.37490

Data *•••

0,.39448

26 22174 .27091 0.29064 0.28090 0,.27628

27 28901 0,.23466 0.25022 0.25934 0,.24485

28 36051 .22600 0.23689 0.22600 0,.23553

29 44483 .27699 0.29377 0.29579 0,.29708

30 55572 .33888 0.35576 0.35264 .35586

**** Standard Deviation ••*•

31 22174 .04360 0.05230 0.05620 0,.04480

32 28901 .05830 0.05090 0.04950 .03300

33 36051 .04240 0.04530 0.04268 .03170

34 44483 .05040 0.04900 0.03390 .02456

35 55572 .05890 0.05470 0.04430 .03100

A6
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 51.44

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 22116 .01790 0.06820 0.05530 0. 02090

2 22123 .12171 0.12742 0.13837 0. 05200

3 22093 11712 0.11320 0.10499 0. 08380

4 22094 .07360 0.15780 0.11687 0, 10579

5 22115 .10766 0.13758 0.15612 0, 13722

6 28844 .06000 0.06880 0.09251 0. 06785

7 28855 02870 0.10993 0.11254 0. 09180

8 28831 09050 0.02590 0.10600 0. 05350

9 28830 09050 0.03780 0.06190 0. 02990

10 28818 01540 0.05520 0.02490 01070

11 36118 10268 0.10119 0.06430 0..07880

12 36107 04840 0.03150 0.02300 0..02240

13 36139 08310 0.07110 0.10283 04850

14 36108 .00853 0.02250 0.05520 0. 00195

15 36123 -0 .03400 0.01170 0.00560 0. 01540

16 44337 -0 .01300 0.04380 0.05100 05000

17 44357 .03030 0.02910 0.10521 07577

18 44341 .07980 0.09880 0.12516 .10153

19 44358 .13458 0.11626 0.11483 12054

20 44329 .06870 0.07370 0.08560 .04505

21 55597 .11674 0.13138 0.14831 11052

22 55557 .08540 0.08810 0.12019 .06480

23 55600 .17660 0.15310 0.16421 15075

24 55557 .02900 0.04390 0.07840 05029

25 55563 .05420 0.07400 0.06630 08460

• *•• Average Data *•••

26 22108 .08760 0.12083 0.11434 .07900

27 28836 .05720 0.05950 0.07960 .05080

28 36119 .04170 0.04760 0.05020 .03340

29 44344 .06000 0.07230 0.09660 .07880

30 55575 .09260 0.09810 0.11547 .09220 **** Standard Deviation ****

31 22108 .04330 0.03370 0.03840 .04540

32 28836 .03460 0.03240 0.03600 .03150

33 36119 .05550 0.03737 0.03769 .03043

34 44344 .05530 0.03640 0.02880 .03220

35 55575 .05600 0.04380 0.04240 .03950

A7
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 62.76

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd, ,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0" 90° 180° 270°

1 22407 0..06190 0.02600 0..05068 0..05160

2 22403 0,.07520 0.01570 0..04980 0..02590

3 22402 0,.06710 0.07380 0..09020 0..06600

4 22409 0,.04270 0.00285 0..12577 0..04667

5 22409 0,.08210 0.06510 0..09050 0..01550

6 28881 0,.00912 0.00264 0,,02730 0..00353

7 28874 0,.03370 0.02060 0,.07240 0..03890

8 28859 0,.00332 0.01500 0,.03490 -0..01600

9 28853 0,.03570 0.00569 0,.01750 -0..03200

10 28866 0,.01500 0.02198 0,.02530 -0..00960

11 36094 -0,.03800 -0.03200 -0..03246 -0..05700

12 36051 0..05420 -0.03200 -0..05100 -0..03700

13 36073 -0..01300 -0.00380 -0,.03800 -0..00360

14 36088 0..00084 0.02220 0..02820 -0..01900

15 36077 0,.01820 0.02350 0,.01090 0..01950

16 44370 -0,.04059 -0.04900 -0,.07300 -0,.07900

17 44391 0,.01240 0.04990 0,.06490 -0..01100

18 44410 0..03940 0.07300 0,.05110 0,.00644

19 44394 -0,.03300 -0.00670 -0,.04200 -0..02400

20 44392 -0,.00380 -0.00930 -0,.00430 -0,.03200

21 55689 0,.01760 0.01700 -0,.00088 -0,.01500

22 55665 -0,.04500 -0.03800 -0..01100 -0,.03900

23 55678 0..05500 0.02370 0,.01500 0,.00258

24 55678 -0,.00270 0.04400 0..04410 -0,.00930

25 55701 -0,.00810 -0.01400 -0..02400 0,.02100

**•• Average Data ***•

26 22406 0,.06580 0.03670 0,.08140 0,.04130

27 28867 0..01960 0.01320 0,.03550 -0,.00300

28 36077 0,.00448 -0.00440 -0..01600 -0,.01900

29 44392 -0..00510 0.01150 -0,.00069 -0,.02800

30 55682 0..00359 0.00695 0,.00474 -0,.00780 **** standard Deviation *•*•

31 22406 0..01500 0.03120 0,.03188 0,.02060

32 28867 0,.01460 0.00872 0,.02150 0,.02660

33 36077 0,.03470 0.02740 0,.03390 0,.02960

34 44392 0..03270 0.04910 0,.05890 0..03190

35 55682 0..03690 0.03230 .02648 0,.02240

A8
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 4.66

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Ca.-l)*100

At Pressure Tap ]Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 36028 1 .36545 1.39743 1 .37017 1,.30770

2 36017 1 .56780 1.57884 1 .59061 1,.55478

3 36013 1..29779 1.24724 1 .19750 1..20920

4 36032 1,.44311 1.47478 1 .46596 1,.45146

5 36022 1,.10768 1.27758 1,.24906 1,.18059

6 44431 1..82039 1.78618 1,.77882 1,.73741

7 44432 1..64515 1.61129 1..60411 1..56405

8 44462 1,.56377 1.57004 1,.54364 1,.51784

9 44452 1,.33835 1.49698 1,.40241 1,.43151

10 44444 1,.39044 1.66363 1,.50995 1,.38832

11 55605 1..56934 1.72803 1,.69744 1,.93989

12 55611 1,.70590 1.80689 1,.79029 1,.64734

13 55604 1,.96137 1.91373 1,.85492 1,.89866

14 55617 1,.86220 1.96229 1,.91274 1,.78566

15 55562 2,.09217 2.03565 1,.98827 2,.02117

16 72363 2,.33101 2.35875 2,.41206 2,.31024

17 72351 2,.17723 2.15363 2,.17600 2..23723

18 72333 1,.91548 2.01617 2,.07440 2,.06026

19 72337 2,.05852 2.16750 2,.24091 2,.16522

20 72334 2,.28159 2.27652 2,.31214 2..34528

21 83395 2,.49984 2.45624 2,.51401 2,.64410

22 83302 2,.33590 2.48751 2,.43525 2..34451

23 83291 2,.43738 2.43909 2,.40620 2..47944

24 83295 2..50772 2.62249 2,.56406 2,.55097

25 83300 2,.39850 2.40046 2,.51805 2..51087

• •*• Average Data *•**

26 36022 1..35636 1.39516 1,.37466 1..34075

27 44444 1..55162 1.62562 1,.56779 1,.52782

28 55600 1..83821 1.88932 1,.84874 1..85856

29 72344 2,.15276 2.19452 2,.24310 2,.22365

30 83316 2,.43587 2.48117 2..48752 2..50598

• ••• Standard Deviation **••

31 36022 0,.17145 0.13760 0,.15976 0,.15974

32 44444 0,.19547 0.10864 0,.13903 0,.13623

33 55600 0..20641 0.12282 0,.11192 0,.14569

34 72344 0,.16882 0.13018 0,.12861 0,,11457

35 83316 0,.07160 0.08510 0,.06480 0..10909

A9
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 10.47

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90** 180° 270°

1 36275 1.,10447 1.15641 ,26462 1,,28645

2 36276 1,,01204 1.12660 ,03882 0..96757

3 36283 0.,94889 1.03620 ,08444 1..07471

4 36245 1..33744 1.27247 ,45731 1..40606

5 36266 1..08837 1.10391 ,01821 1..12979

6 44457 1..12016 1.29493 ,22639 1..20178

7 44466 1..18234 1.18350 ,13359 1..14824

8 44444 1..29950 1.37632 ,50503 1..51483

9 44407 1..41005 1.44332 ,24879 1,.28955

10 44441 1,.55091 1.50356 ,55259 1,.43481

11 55502 1,.33332 1.45436 .42015 1..50773

12 55483 1..55114 1.58766 .59774 1..63221

13 55480 1,.75814 1.67880 .50786 1,.47300

14 55502 1..59878 1.60952 .64875 1,.51880

15 55414 1,.44135 1.50704 .39470 1,.38446

16 72449 1,.95082 2.02154 .89534 1,.88514

17 72624 1,.64913 1.75313 .65464 1,.59887

18 72639 1..73575 1.66234 .74266 1,.71787

19 72612 2,.05190 1.93300 .93383 1..82520

20 72268 1,.80059 1.70878 .61150 1,.55790

21 83220 2,.03786 1.89341 .90473 1..91747

22 83200 2,.04140 2.02005 .98599 1..93295

23 83234 1,.90294 1.75864 .76882 1 .77158

24 83249 2..14779 2.09570 2 .11786 2 .02013

25 83216 1,.70285 1.91615 1 .58479 1,.68500

• •*• Average Data • *** 26 36269 1,.09825 1.13913 1,.17268 1,.17292

27 44443 1,.31259 1.36032 1,.33329 1 .31784

28 55476 1,.53655 1.56748 1 .51384 1 .50325

29 72518 1 .83764 1.81577 1 .76760 1 .71700

30 83224 1 .96658 1.93679 1 .87244 1 .86543

*•*• Standard Deviation **•*

31 36269 .14784 0.08600 .18665 .17409

32 44443 .17380 0.12601 .18449 .15467

33 55476 .16081 0.08790 .10948 .08890

34 72518 .16304 0.15416 .14219 .14014

35 83224 .17105 0.12866 .20466 .13463

AlO
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 16.28

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,s-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 36143 0,.76277 0.80401 0..90481 0,,74870

2 36146 0..72789 0.75917 0..75721 0..84705

3 36116 0,.93188 0.91083 0..99614 0..96978

4 36124 0,.58714 0.95476 0..95389 0..77103

5 36142 0,.84189 0.81922 0..73633 0,.78756

6 44304 0,.94250 1.05849 1..09924 1..01901

7 44313 0..86506 1.00137 0..96624 0..75073

8 44358 0,.79601 0.93932 0..91333 0..83123

9 44347 0,.72118 1.07431 0..85050 0..71367

10 44326 1..05776 0.96487 1..03422 1..12190

11 55636 0..93879 1.09096 1..08263 0..90163

12 55604 1,.07417 1.16602 1..21325 1..17405

13 55579 1,.09222 1.20045 1..22998 1..05334

14 55552 0,.83090 0.96484 0,.92844 0,.85274

15 55570 1,.11878 1.13397 1..13027 .09511

16 73181 1,.07443 1.27557 1,.17948 .05941

17 73168 1..26203 1.31036 1,.38292 .23124

18 73147 1,.14232 1.19404 1..20932 .15549

19 73122 1,.36739 1.34863 1,.36640 .20071

20 72821 1,.29882 1.40439 1,.42641 .34707

21 83415 1,.44491 1.46193 1,.51155 .31534

22 83466 1,.39093 1.40775 1,.37232 .37517

23 83456 1,.51312 1.50753 1,.57737 .42493

24 83378 1,.25317 1.37149 1,.31118 .25561

25 83380 1,.25024 1.27688 1,.30540 .21992

• ••• Average Data • •*•

26 36134 .77031 0.84960 0..86967 0,.82483

27 44330 .87650 1.00768 0,.97271 0..88731

28 55588 1,.01096 1.11124 1..11691 1,.01537

29 73088 1 .22900 1.30661 1..31292 1..19879

30 83419 1 .37047 1.40512 1,.41556 1 .31820

• ••• Standard Deviation • •••

31 36134 .12911 0.08080 .11722 .08900

32 44330 .13059 0.05840 .09820 .17648

33 55588 .12228 0.09110 .12120 .13447

34 73088 .11977 0.08050 .11217 .10699

35 83419 .11636 0.08810 .12249 .08350

All
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 27.9

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (C<i/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 36133 0..25960 0.43036 0.48900 0..40821

2 36146 0..46394 0.48063 0.57467 0..32998

3 36150 0,.29931 0.40420 0.40176 0..43031

4 36132 0,.51785 0.57963 0.60282 0..60209

5 36114 0,.33151 0.34340 0.38775 0..28900

6 44771 0,.32306 0.46177 0.47957 0..43469

7 44791 0,.49797 0.52316 0.58915 0..52410

8 44778 0,.43834 0.59688 0.45665 0..36560

9 44783 0,.39866 0.56024 0.43984 0..34402

10 44803 0,.44599 0.66911 0.60418 0..48913

11 55780 0,.54680 0.62217 0.62999 0..53088

12 55767 0,.56091 0.57130 0.54468 0..47442

13 55774 0,.66597 0.65672 0.71825 0..64392

14 55735 0..40639 0.47944 0.47217 0,.40026

15 55678 0,.41752 0.45674 0.34290 0,.33651

16 72042 0,.79376 0.77214 0.84126 0..75407

17 72232 0..67613 0.68810 0.70166 0,.64450

18 72269 0,.59345 0.63464 0.65990 0..62016

19 72272 0,.56370 0.69492 0.59495 0,.48663

20 72298 0,.57498 0.60889 0.66735 0,.56060

21 83231 0..73368 0.74752 0.83318 0,.75736

22 83249 0,.59633 0.62272 0.64387 0..63043

23 83283 0,.75029 0.70056 0.70244 0,.59329

24 83242 0,.74846 0.80571 0.74924 0,.70824

25 83191 0,.80052 0.76939 0.79550 0..69691

**•* Average Data ***•

26 36135 0,.37444 0.44765 0.49119 0,.41191

27 44785 0,.42080 0.56223 0.51387 0,.43150

28 55747 0,.51952 0.55727 0.54161 0,.47720

29 72222 0,.64040 0.67974 0.69302 0,.61319

30 83239 0..72586 0.72919 0.74485 0,.67726

*•** Standard Deviation ****

31 36135 0,.11093 0.08870 0.09760 .12070

32 44785 0..06490 0.07770 0.07690 0,.07720

33 55747 0,.10798 0.08660 0.14369 0..11815

34 72222 0,.09775 0.06430 0.09270 .10078

35 83239 0,.07680 0,07080 0.07500 .06546

A12
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 39.52

Orifice Plate; Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 36251 0..07230 0.18774 0,.15712 0.,06552

2 36265 0..10127 0.22263 0..17432 0.,17739

3 36258 0..13433 0.20460 0,.22777 0.,26297

4 36253 0..14925 0.22683 0,.21370 0.,30427

5 36264 0..24929 0.2684 6 0..27665 0..35017

6 44344 0,.09470 0.29999 0,.17659 0..24654

7 44336 0,.03170 0.23813 0,.14866 0..07240

8 44335 0,.22476 0.31298 0,.21970 0..20837

9 44360 0..16615 0.32984 0,.20030 0..16320

10 44347 0..14515 0.30851 0..13930 0..08177

11 55701 0..20706 0.31794 0,.28392 0..22613

12 55709 0..13696 0.19276 0..15238 0..19725

13 55714 0,.15688 0.24550 0..16303 0..11341

14 55675 0,.08050 0.21660 0,.16603 0..15545

15 55731 0,.17687 0.27691 0,.26388 0,.17068

16 72000 0..17759 0.20874 0,.22660 0..15182

17 72064 0,.38357 0.45993 0,.43271 0..34766

18 72046 0,.23951 0.27270 0,.28221 0,.19400

19 72044 0,.21636 0.25507 0,.23996 0,.18795

20 72077 0,.37687 0.40409 0,.39339 0,.39216

21 83269 0,.35813 0.41344 0,.39503 0,.38688

22 83254 0,.41025 0.49498 0,.47528 0,.49569

23 83247 0,.42801 0.49746 0,.42961 0..43478

24 83191 0,.32760 0.39218 0..28222 0,.30665

25 83214 0,.28049 0.31585 0,.29311 0,.26557

***• Average Data ***•

26 36258 0..14129 0.22206 .20992 0..23207

27 44345 0,.13248 0.29789 .17690 0..15445

28 55706 0,.15165 0.24994 .20585 0..17257

29 72046 0,.27878 0.32011 .31498 0,.25471

30 83235 0,.36089 0.42278 .37504 0,.37790

*•** Standard Deviation **••

31 36258 .06730 0.03020 .04600 .11269

32 44345 .07310 0.03502 .03390 0,.07660

33 55706 .04730 0.04930 .06260 .04270

34 72046 .09490 0.10630 .09260 .10720

35 83235 .06002 0.07600 .08450 .09310

A13
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 51.14

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,s-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90« 180° 270"

1 36333 -0,.01500 -0.00130 0.,05560 -0.,00360

2 36323 0.,08900 0.12905 0.,12339 0,,15311

3 36316 0.,03050 0.14168 0.,11982 0.,06840

4 36314 0.,05550 0.02930 -0.,05800 -0,,04300

5 36290 0..06780 -0.05200 0.,03510 0..12140

6 44362 0..07650 0.08700 -0,,04500 -0..02900

7 44364 0..05180 0.13662 0.,08880 0..12268

8 44336 0..03460 0.07770 0.,02390 0..07980

9 44308 -0..02720 0.14035 0.,00555 -0..08141

10 44302 0..01860 0.27723 0.,08290 0..04110

11 55741 0..07180 0.12351 0.,13483 0..11501

12 55740 0..04280 0.10810 0.,00280 0..04318

13 55703 -0,.03300 0.09060 0..06420 -0..02700

14 55725 0..02450 0.11059 0..04740 -0..06083

15 55715 0,.00222 0.08496 0..02850 -0..10340

16 72225 0..14217 0.21729 0..14455 0..13583

17 72236 0,.14041 0.16806 0..23378 0..11151

18 72195 0,.12362 0.13300 0..15415 0,.04940

19 72240 0..15051 0.20693 0,.18063 0,.10701

20 72220 0,.06590 0.11617 0,.15088 0,.02470

21 83512 0..17292 0.19265 0,.18078 0,.27464

22 83563 0,.23601 0.33619 0,.28863 0,.09460

23 83545 0,.22535 0.26750 0,.21653 0,.17725

24 83395 0,.20784 0.27634 0,.16024 0,.15638

25 83363 0,.14518 0.17900 0..20678 0,.13693

• ••• Average Data • •**

26 36315 0,.04570 0.04930 0..05530 0..05940

27 44334 0,.03090 0.14379 0,.03130 0,.02670

28 55725 0,.02170 0.10356 0..05560 -0,.00670

29 72223 0,.12453 0.16829 0,.17280 0..08571

30 83476 0,.19746 0.25033 0,.21058 0..16795

***• Standard Deviation • •••

31 36315 0,.04040 0.08370 .07300 .08240

32 44334 0,.03850 0.08010 .05590 .08100

33 55725 0,.03940 0.01540 .04978 .08640

34 72223 .03410 0.04420 .03660 .04640

35 83476 .03710 0.06420 .04830 .06690

A14
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 62.76

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%] , (Cd/C.,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 36262 -0 .05058 -0.03000 00712 -0. 07600

2 36273 00596 0.04990 04170 0. 08730

3 36262 06590 0.21764 23647 -0. 03600

4 36248 -0 08200 0.06770 07080 0. 03350

5 36255 00003 0.14946 03750 0. 11419

6 44423 04910 0.13686 05170 0. 05360

7 44408 -0 01300 0.15609 01360 00442

8 44413 00139 0.07520 -0 01300 -0 01400

9 44407 -0 05500 0.12733 -0 00490 -0 04300

10 44442 08730 0.13475 01300 -0 09000

11 55562 06463 0.06100 05630 -0 03300

12 55540 -0 03600 0.05920 04850 -0 07995

13 55531 00434 0.01380 -0 .03200 -0 09300

14 55578 -0 .02300 -0.01900 01620 -0 11082

15 55550 01500 0.04430 02550 -0 14984

16 72179 .05920 0.15400 11993 02920

17 72198 .10946 0.09860 13200 00795

18 72111 -0 01600 0.00314 .04400 -0 01600

19 72176 04400 0.03600 .04520 -0 03900

20 72180 .03030 0.08980 .03920 -0 06700

21 83303 .14000 0.12492 .13170 14987

22 83340 .20116 0.19131 .16961 16043

23 83312 14869 0.16026 .15291 02520

24 83308 .08660 0.14773 .13447 09450

25 83286 06440 0.06670 .06760 00851

• •** Average Data **** 26 36260 -0 .01200 0.09090 .07870 02452

27 44419 .01390 0.12606 .01220 -0 .01791

28 55552 .00493 0.03212 .02280 -0 09300

29 72169 .04560 0.07630 .07620 -0 .01700

30 83310 .12816 0.13818 .13126 08770

• •*• Standard Deviation *•*•

31 36260 .05670 0.09540 .09100 .08040

32 44419 .05520 0.03030 .02492 05380

33 55552 .03920 0.03430 .03480 .04280

34 72169 .04510 0.05818 .04540 .03790

35 83310 .05380 0.04640 .03850 .06940

A15
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 4.66

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90** 180** 270*

1 44577 -2 23229 -2.43816 -2. 05832 -2 00458

2 44588 -2 .11286 -1.91469 -1. 77927 -1 68924

3 44590 -1 .85141 -2.28704 -1. 89954 -1 89527

4 44594 -1 .94187 -1.98837 -1 85295 -1 77782

5 44607 -2 .00198 -2.10498 -2 16868 -2 .11317

6 55612 -1 .98319 -1.78699 -1. 69830 -1 .88171

7 55584 -1 .82557 -2.15944 -1 67392 -1 .45427

8 55589 -1 .65151 -2.33904 -1 88782 -1 .60353

9 55589 -1 .52127 -1.54599 -1 59300 -1 .56117

10 55551 -2 .07183 -1.72204 -1 48447 -1 .95243

11 72159 -1 .21514 -1.56072 -1 67926 -1 .43608

12 72162 -1 .66434 -1.70005 -1 48238 -1 .57799

13 72156 -1 .31709 -1.30475 -1 35995 -1 .49726

14 72155 -1 .49345 -1.69593 -1 26327 -1 .24701

15 72138 -1 .08043 -1.54194 -1 .53818 -1 .11455

16 83097 -0 .90598 -1.29370 -1 .18598 -0 .96966

17 83084 -1 .33706 -1.50448 -1 .33699 -1 .31938

18 83054 -0 .77482 -1.36544 -1 .53637 -1 .17948

19 83047 -1 .06965 -0.85308 -0 .81893 -1 .09805

20 83008 -1 .17856 -1.42794 -1 .19850 -1 .22937

21 98742 -0 .81534 -1.32792 -1 .07123 -0 .91440

22 98729 -0 .63788 -0.65394 -0 .91503 -0 .87165

23 98731 -0 .44908 -0.13711 -0 .45196 -0 .46979

24 98747 -0 .99317 -0.80241 -0 .42392 -0 .78505

25 98783 -0 .93325 -1.30058 -0 .83608 -0 .75695

• •** Average Data ****

26 44591 -2 .02808 -2.14664 -1 .95175 -1 .89602

27 55585 -1 .81067 -1.91070 -1 .66752 -1 .69062

28 72154 -1 .35409 -1.56068 -1 .46461 -1 .37458

29 83058 -1 .05321 -1.28894 -1 .21537 -1 .15918

30 98746 -0 .76574 -0.84439 -0 .73964 -0 .75957

• •*• Standard Deviation • •••

31 44591 .14834 0.21508 .15872 .17014

32 55585 .22748 0.32765 .14912 .21509

33 72154 .22994 0.16094 .16069 .18997

34 83058 .22113 0.25581 .26285 .13269

35 98746 .22320 0.49525 .28834 .17408

A16
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 10.47

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%] , (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90** 180° 270°

1 44440 -1 14914 -1.11713 -0 99718 -1 .06717

2 44468 -1 05504 -0.83307 -1 05530 -1 .15707

3 44453 -0 92090 -1.03583 -1 10645 -0 .52306

4 44466 -0 78167 -0.95454 -1 06270 -0 .86685

5 44401 -0 97098 -0.91581 -1 01355 -1 .21144

6 55589 -0 77091 -0.45285 -0 86418 -1 .00724

7 55620 -0 83592 -0.68671 -1 07930 -0 .93320

8 55582 -1 08995 -0.77832 -0 75796 -1 .09780

9 55555 -0 91857 -0.87296 -1 28637 -1 .14264

10 55594 -0 60021 -0.73011 -1 09632 -0 .82665

11 72264 -0 48630 -0.60401 -1 00196 -0 .76787

12 72233 -0 67238 -0.69630 -0 80550 -0 .56397

13 72291 -0 82834 -0.28423 -0 64461 -1 .06177

14 72239 -0 59080 -0.90331 -0 88495 -0 .83692

15 72231 -0 75652 -0.94811 -1 06055 -0 .80903

16 83228 -0 41046 -0.72845 -0 75977 -0 .78862

17 83186 -0 68508 -0.51181 -0 87529 -1 .17556

18 83206 -0 53728 -0.34083 -0 81509 -0 .86791

19 83229 -0 62272 -0.77423 -0 .68397 -0 .54215

20 83180 -0 57892 -0.81220 -0 95002 -0 .43898

21 98869 -0 44771 -0.35823 -0 .62827 -0 .68932

22 98928 -0 26306 -0.20555 -0 .53561 -0 .42098

23 98897 -0 .35373 -0.37380 -0 69455 -0 .54868

24 98930 -0 .50993 -0.60015 -0 .45144 -0 .64934

25 98889 -0 .56846 -0.59378 -0 .43941 -0 .47819

• ••• Average Data • ••• 26 44446 -0 .97554 -0.97127 -1 .04706 -0 .96511

27 55588 -0 .84311 -0.70420 -1 .01684 -1 .00151

28 72252 -0 .66688 -0.68719 -0 .87952 -0 .80791

29 83206 -0 .56690 -0.63350 -0 .81684 -0 .76264

30 98903 -0 .42859 -0.42632 -0 .54986 -0 .55730

• ••• Standard Deviation • •••

31 44446 .13862 0.10934 .04360 .27944

32 55588 .18070 0.15637 .20794 .12655

33 72252 .13478 0.26604 .16434 .17816

34 83206 .10295 0.20083 .10214 .28959

35 98903 .12188 0.16910 .11070 .11257

A17
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 16.28

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%] , (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 44662 -0..67127 -0.76623 -0.,23484 -0.,46506

2 44650 -0..59837 -0.70060 -0.,65105 -0.,69645

3 44688 -0..50365 -0.67055 -0.,73284 -0.,51860

4 44674 -0..80502 -0.60016 -0..66796 -0.,40931

5 44678 -0..43610 -0.54584 -0..54349 -0,,61839

6 55348 -0,.67252 -0.67359 -0.,42589 -0,,50203

7 55312 -0,.45205 -0.62847 -0..74522 -0.,55042

8 55315 -0,.59075 -0.56736 -0,.54781 -0.,59164

9 55306 -0..71969 -0.47575 -0..57762 -0.,71536

10 55287 -0,.51904 -0.73017 -0,.85109 -0.,66063

11 72444 -0,.52261 -0.47359 -0,.48919 -0..40105

12 72455 -0,.05500 -0.38848 -0,.89413 -0..51910

13 72444 -0,.35713 -0.71195 -0..54587 -0..35311

14 72471 -0,.62651 -0.60245 -0,.38878 -0..48713

15 72462 -0,.63115 -0.54815 -0,.40611 -0..27763

16 83251 -0..35794 -0.41946 -0,.39221 -0..40975

17 83217 -0..47243 -0.28968 -0,.40257 -0..50654

18 83199 -0,.42471 -0.50596 -0,.37525 -0..63125

19 83007 -0..29155 -0.68496 -0,.56556 -0..23097

20 83007 -0,.51358 -0.54333 -0..36101 -0,.45975

21 98574 -0,.31755 -0.20929 -0,.39734 -0,.60083

22 98407 -0,.26247 -0.38107 -0,.39144 -0,.29864

23 98441 -0,.29285 -0.41956 -0..35222 -0..44255

24 98419 -0..24747 -0.48824 -0,.23472 -0,.33574

25 98481 -0,.15856 -0.29127 -0,.25510 -0,.11010

*•** Average Data **••

26 44670 -0 .60287 -0.65666 -0 .56602 -0,.54156

27 55314 -0 .59082 -0,61508 -0 .62953 -0,.60402

28 72455 -0 .43854 -0.54492 -0 .54481 -0,.40760

29 83136 -0 .41204 -0.48868 -0 .41931 -0,.44765

30 98465 -0 .25579 -0.35789 -0 .32617 -0..35757

***• Standard Deviation *•••

31 44670 .14412 0.08580 .19739 0..11577

32 55314 .10941 0.09820 .16785 0,.08480

33 72455 .24145 0.12327 .20529 0,.09837

34 83136 .08800 0.14503 .08230 0,.14764

35 98465 .06100 0.10843 .07680 .18192

A18
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 27.9

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 44340 -0..47379 -0.49053 -0..40950 -0..53184

2 44348 -0,.39414 -0.40526 -0..15900 -0.,30917

3 44347 -0..42823 -0.36759 -0..18867 -0.,17834

4 44328 -0..37068 -0.34031 -0..27241 -0.,34743

5 44342 -0,.30108 -0.20346 -0..37656 -0.,35835

6 55480 -0,.38770 -0.54413 -0..33109 -0..74900

7 55504 -0,.30951 -0.47232 -0..44951 -0..46004

8 55475 -0,.41489 -0.42770 -0..42311 -0..45832

9 55437 -0,.49099 -0.38140 -0,.47094 -0..54938

10 55451 -0,.42465 -0.32565 -0,.49030 -0..44436

11 72144 -0,.35114 -0.46473 -0..52390 -0..47590

12 72119 -0,.35999 -0.64738 -0,.51977 -0..41567

13 72137 -0,.39185 -0.38947 -0,.48218 -0,.37137

14 72105 -0,.24353 -0.26530 -0,.46439 -0,.31363

15 72105 -0,.32440 -0.47737 -0..57393 -0,.27271

16 83284 -0,.29353 -0.33370 -0,.39860 -0,.46624

17 83273 -0,.09300 -0.39468 -0,.54478 -0,.39997

18 83240 -0,.40597 -0.34404 -0..27140 -0,.29429

19 83056 -0,,24680 -0.44896 -0,.52228 -0..18793

20 83079 -0,.29503 -0.28208 -0,.38966 -0,.34892

21 98939 -0,.19901 -0.21210 -0,.35303 -0,.45415

22 98931 -0,.25297 -0.19810 -0,.32520 -0,.25490

23 98939 -0,.20734 -0.09800 -0,.31065 -0,.21381

24 98962 -0,.06400 -0.29161 -0,.36595 -0,.21051

25 98912 -0,.07000 -0.32004 -0,.35728 -0,.32553

• ••• Average Data **** 26 44341 -0,.39359 -0.36143 -0,.28122 -0,.34502

27 55469 -0,.40556 -0.43024 -0,.43299 -0,.53223

28 72122 -0,.33418 -0.44885 -0 .51283 -0,.36986

29 83187 -0 .26683 -0.36070 -0 .42534 -0,.33947

30 98936 -0 .16069 -0.22389 -0 .34240 -0,.29177

• ••* Standard Deviation • •••

31 44341 .06470 0.10493 .11075 0..12657

32 55469 .06510 0.08420 .06190 .12816

33 72122 .05640 0.13943 .04230 .08086

34 83187 .11332 0.06330 .11070 .10739

35 98936 .08360 0.08740 .02350 .10182

A19
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 39.52

Orifice Plate; Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0" 90° 180° 270°

1 44402 -0..23150 -0.29976 -0..14608 -0..29544

2 44434 -0..13667 -0.42859 -0..09000 -0..08800

3 44411 -0..27836 -0.12372 -0..18469 -0..23776

4 44392 -0..08500 -0.24557 -0..15664 -0..24074

5 44382 -0..20101 -0.08900 -0..22921 -0..31831

6 55455 -0..14441 -0.47277 -0..18761 -0..26899

7 55481 -0..23167 -0.31757 -0,.25887 -0..34373

8 55444 -0..19076 -0.40305 -0,.32154 -0..55306

9 55492 -0,.32492 -0.16642 -0,.24742 -0,.38748

10 55487 -0,.27545 -0.27574 -0,.16939 -0..44667

11 72099 -0,.26797 -0.13714 -0,.21236 -0,.05600

12 72078 -0..20078 -0.25801 -0..29779 -0,.30706

13 72061 -0,.25493 -0.31536 -0..29871 -0,.24548

14 72090 -0,.14168 -0.25732 -0,.32899 -0,.20702

15 72089 -0,.17081 -0.25807 -0,.25544 -0,.14005

16 83297 -0,.10453 -0.23441 -0,.23578 -0,.24469

17 83342 -0,.17524 -0.13216 -0,.18995 -0,.25482

18 83337 -0,.12619 -0.34663 -0,.23622 -0,.14604

19 83286 -0,.25206 -0.25482 -0,.29591 -0,.32261

20 83249 -0,.15109 -0.27283 -0..32497 -0,.35443

21 98834 -0,.03600 -0.21279 -0,.23936 -0..15089

22 98878 -0,.03100 -0.12719 -0,.17926 -0..08700

23 98809 0,.00763 -0.16398 -0,.03300 -0,.13692

24 98825 -0,.11480 -0.11800 -0,.15621 -0..13315

25 98783 -0,.13527 -0.14960 -0 .14568 -0,.18349

• *** Average Data • *•*

26 44404 -0,.18644 -0.23738 -0 .16324 -0..23613

27 55472 -0..23344 -0.32711 -0 .23696 -0,.39999

28 72083 -0..20723 -0.24518 -0 .27865 -0 .19117

29 83302 -0,.16183 -0.24818 -0 .25657 -0 .26452

30 98826 -0,.06200 -0.15431 -0 .15064 -0 .13830

***• Standard Deviation • •*•

31 44404 .07670 0.13767 .04750 .08920

32 55472 .07000 0.11738 .06050 .10723

33 72083 .05390 0.06510 .04520 .09650

34 83302 .05690 0.07730 .05200 .08000

35 98826 .06030 0.03730 .07550 .03430

A20
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 51.14

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 iran (1.55")

ACd[%] , (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 44534 -0,.14369 -0.22799 -0,.15159 -0..39507

2 44524 0,.06690 -0.17805 -0,.07700 -0..21716

3 44549 -0,.09400 -0.03300 0,.04507 -0..08371

4 44518 -0,.06500 0.00004 -0,.04600 -0,.28844

5 44536 -0,.03000 -0.13668 -0,.22583 -0,.13103

6 55682 -0,.03900 -0.15753 -0,.04000 -0,.02000

7 55672 -0,.00670 -0.10556 -0,.16705 -0,.16640

8 55690 0,.07480 -0.13633 -0,.16601 -0,.09600

9 55662 -0..13585 -0.07400 -0,.11431 -0,.24084

10 55665 -0..08300 0.00986 -0,.10687 -0,.11782

11 72121 -0,.04400 -0.02000 -0,.05400 -0..19231

12 72086 -0,.05200 -0.08400 -0,.05200 -0,.11283

13 72086 -0,.23727 0.04380 -0,.01300 -0..06300

14 72103 0..01380 -0.14040 0..02270 0..06640

15 72080 -0,.02974 -0.05628 -0,.10585 -0..02400

16 83212 0..03010 0.09654 -0..03900 -0..03200

17 83152 -0,.09000 -0.07000 -0,.01300 -0..07500

18 83139 -0,.02400 -0.07500 -0,.02800 -0..01800

19 83144 0,.04910 -0.07400 -0,.02900 0..04870

20- 83105 -0,.13173 -0.08500 -0,.12095 0,.00367

21 99118 0,.04470 0.05330 -0,.02800 -0..06200

22 99115 0,.13942 -0.00800 -0,.00820 0..11294

23 99089 0,.06120 0.07249 0,.05480 0..14907

24 99056 -0,.03200 -0.02900 -0,.01200 0..04620

25 99061 0,.07850 -0.01900 -0,.04500 0..08290

• *•• Average Data • •**

26 44532 -0,.05500 -0.11513 -0,.09100 -0,.22308

27 55674 -0,.03800 -0.09300 -0,.11894 -0,.13021

28 72095 -0,.06000 -0.05100 -0,.04033 -0,.06500

29 83151 -0..03500 -0.04145 -0,.04600 -0,.01452

30 99088 0..05830 0.01390 -0,.00770 0,.06580

• ••• Standard Deviation • •••

31 44532 0,.07850 0.09640 0,.10317 0,.12411

32 55674 .07930 0.06560 .05210 0,.07870

33 72095 0,.09690 0.06900 .04830 0,.09690

34 83151 .07860 0.07670 .04240 0,.04580

35 99088 0,.06170 0.04570 0,.03780 0,.08110

A21
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 62.76

Orifice Plate: Hole Diauneter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 44371 -0.,07600 -0.11575 0.,20564 0,,20956

2 44338 0.,08910 -0.05700 0.,15701 0.,07120

3 44299 -0..03600 0.08980 0.,12927 0.,12497

4 44328 0..14232 0.00713 0.,00929 0,,03230

5 44304 -0..11298 0.21731 0,,29194 0,,31162

6 55566 -0..06100 -0.05800 -0.,01000 0.,11832

7 55540 0..01590 -0.06100 -0.,13329 0.,00920

8 55556 0..11444 -0.05000 -0.,07600 -0.,04900

9 55530 -0..10631 -0.08700 0.,02620 -0,,10757

10 55579 0..02280 -0.04800 -0..05100 -0.,16271

11 72124 -0..10686 -0.14596 -0..03244 -0.,23173

12 72114 -0..03700 -0.09700 0..02940 -0..09900

13 72094 0..09061 -0.17706 0..02070 -0..04500

14 72115 0..03040 -0.19295 0..00367 0..04710

15 72071 0..00358 -0.20961 -0..08700 -0..18079

16 83260 -0..00430 -0.14229 -0..06200 -0,.02800

17 83262 -0..06500 -0.06400 -0..01900 0..09000

18 83283 0..06180 -0.01113 -0..00350 -0..14660

19 83263 0..11591 -0.02900 0,.00651 -0..06300

20 83284 0,.03980 -0.05200 0,.03860 -0..10304

21 98805 0,.05336 0.03080 -0..08400 0..10548

22 98853 0,.15123 0.03750 0,.01970 0..11671

23 98848 0,.01430 -0.02959 0,.05060 0,.11465

24 98828 0,.12617 0.03270 -0..09800 0,.10591

25 98806 0,.10598 0.02560 -0,.00540 -0,.07100

• **• Average Data • ••• 26 44328 0,.00137 0.02840 0,.15863 0..14995

27 55554 -0,.00290 -0.06300 -0,.05100 -0,.03800

28 72103 -0,.00390 -0.16449 -0,.01300 -0,.10205

29 83271 0..02970 -0.05986 -0,.00790 -0,.05000

30 98828 0..09021 0.01940 -0,.02300 0,.07440

• ••• Standard Deviation • ••• 31 44328 0,.10944 0.13102 0,.10389 0,.11228

32 55554 0,.08480 0.01300 0,.05990 0,.10863

33 72103 0,.07420 0.04420 0,.04750 0,.11004

34 83271 0,.06820 0.05030 0,.03670 0..09020

35 98828 0,.05560 0.02790 0,.06470 0,.08120

A22
APPENDIX B

Orifice Flowmeter Perfonnance

for a Header H342- 100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Tube Bundle

Meters in the Outlet Pipe #1

with the Outlet #1 Opened and the Outlet #2 Closed

Tube Bundle Entrance Location, Z= 4.26D

Tube Bundle Exit Location, Z= 6.2D

Water Temperature =21.5 °C

Gage Pressure = 138 kPa (20 PSI)

Water Density = 997.88 kg/m^

Water Kinematic Viscosity = 9.71958*10-^

Meter Tube Diameter, D= 52.5 mm (2.07")

Bl
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 8.92, C/D= 2.72

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%] , (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 22520 -0,.47277 -0.36004 -0,.47485 -0,.48338

2 22524 -0,.43597 -0.45856 -0,.44662 -0..45172

3 22532 -0,.38881 -0.38556 -0,.37857 -0,.52933

4 22515 -0,.45036 -0.41585 -0,.44744 -0,.47696

5 22516 -0,.37589 -0.39867 -0,.41851 -0,.46351

6 28945 -0,.52198 -0.47407 -0,.49958 -0,.56505

7 28932 -0,.49581 -0.49881 -0,.52306 -0,.57226

8 28940 -0..48166 -0.44628 -0,.50080 -0,.52812

9 28926 -0,.55529 -0.53158 -0,.55653 -0,.59134

10 28937 -0,.45931 -0.43467 -0,.52582 -0..51390

11 36191 -0..53631 -0.55319 -0,.59383 -0,.58785

12 36187 -0,.54042 -0.53551 -0..53519 -0,.57743

13 36167 -0,.59094 -0.52365 -0,.60775 -0,.60220

14 36176 -0,.57841 -0.49286 -0,.57920 -0,.61406

15 36171 -0,.56378 -0.51613 -0,.59445 -0,.62198

16 44380 -0..60810 -0.58338 -0,.62173 -0,.61535

17 44406 -0,.56437 -0.56130 -0,.56354 -0,.60369

18 44399 -0..57558 -0.55709 -0..56423 -0,.60369

19 44404 -0..55113 -0.52144 -0,.55233 -0..61532

20 44413 -0,.55698 -0.54094 -0,.57060 -0..56249

21 55481 -0..55002 -0.55360 -0,.55132 -0,.58678

22 55443 -0,.62228 -0.56839 -0..62517 -0,.60476

23 55458 -0,.58810 -0.56182 -0,.62273 -0,.64252

24 55504 -0,.54548 -0.54208 -0..54478 -0,.58888

25 55474 -0,.54791 -0.51766 -0,.57632 -0,.58991

• ••• Average Data • ••• 26 22521 -0,.42477 -0.40374 -0,.43319 -0,.48098

27 28936 -0,.50281 -0.47708 -0,.52116 -0,.55413

28 36178 -0,.56197 -0.52427 -0..58208 -0,.60072

29 44400 -0,.57123 -0.55283 -0,.57448 -0,.60010

30 55472 -0,.57075 -0.54872 -0,.58406 -0,.60256 •••• standard Deviation ****

31 22521 0,.04110 0.03680 0..03640 0,.02970

32 28936 0,.03710 0.03930 0..02310 0,.03210

33 36178 0,.02350 0.02250 0,.02801 0,.01820

34 44400 0,.02240 0.02310 0,.02710 0,.02170

35 55472 .03350 0.01980 0..03800 0,.02330

B2
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 14.73, C/D= 8.53

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 22198 -0 .11898 -0.05561 -0 02600 -0 10959

2 22155 -0 .09800 -0.10804 -0 01100 -0 08000

3 22167 -0 .08500 -0.04000 -0 00210 -0 06700

4 22179 -0 .06200 0.06060 .01220 -0 13233

5 22189 -0 .02200 -0.10097 -0 .06200 -0 09400

6 28981 -0 .13642 -0.09900 -0 .08500 -0 18313

7 28980 -0 .09500 -0.04900 -0 02800 -0 .11144

8 28967 -0 .16202 -0.11601 -0 .15569 -0 15532

9 28978 -0 .14196 -0.07900 -0 .05400 -0 .16425

10 28972 -0 .09400 -0.03400 -0 .06700 -0 12727

11 36120 -0 .14603 -0.04700 -0 .07500 -0 .16538

12 36120 -0 .12412 -0.10827 -0 .12986 -0 .18512

13 36105 -0 .17797 -0.11180 -0 .13684 -0 .21677

14 36087 -0 .21471 -0.17467 -0 .16031 -0 .23086

15 36103 -0 .18908 -0.13313 -0 .06800 -0 .19491

16 44555 -0 .22899 -0.18952 -0 .18746 -0 .23435

17 44528 -0 .24810 -0.17601 -0 .19762 -0 .21763

18 44542 -0 .18018 -0.12516 -0 .14451 -0 .18243

19 44532 -0 .22296 -0.17862 -0 .18281 -0 .23382

20 44510 -0 .27807 -0.25913 -0 .24624 -0 .27145

21 55575 -0 .26756 -0.23005 -0 .20491 -0 .26935

22 55589 -0 .25472 -0.18137 -0 .16195 -0 .21095

23 55608 -0 .20364 -0.16958 -0 .13149 -0 .19908

24 55573 -0 .25055 -0.21035 -0 .20308 -0 .25756

25 55587 -0 .23254 -0.22305 -0 .20996 -0 .24143

*•*• Average Data • ••• 26 22178 -0 .07700 -0.04900 -0 .01794 -0 .09700

27 28976 -0 .12595 -0.07500 -0 .07800 -0 .14828

28 36107 -0 .17038 -0.11504 -0 .11408 -0 .19861

29 44533 -0 .23166 -0.18569 -0 .19173 -0 .22792

30 55586 -0 .24180 -0.20289 -0 .18228 -0 .23568

1ir*** Standard Deviation ****

31 22178 .03700 0.06770 .02850 .02580

32 28976 .03010 0.03400 .04820 .02880

33 36107 .03550 0.04500 .04030 .02560

34 44533 .03580 0.04786 .03640 .03210

35 55586 .02460 0.02620 .03415 .02980

B3
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 20.54, C/D= 14.34

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%] , (Cd/Cd,3-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 22377 -0..03200 0.00685 0..05090 -0,,02000

2 22380 0..09450 0.04200 0.,09450 0.,04370

3 22396 0..04930 0.07130 0.,06300 0.,00558

4 22381 -0..00570 0.05760 0.,10638 0.,05720

5 22399 0..01490 0.03200 0..07100 0.,02120

6 28940 -0..05900 0.02510 0.,03030 0.,03580

7 28943 -0..03400 0.03840 0.,04190 0..01300

8 28938 0..00725 0.05210 0.,05770 -0..03600

9 28950 0..02735 0.09290 0.,06880 0..05414

10 28941 0..05930 0.06500 0.,08290 -0..01489

11 36179 -0,.05100 -0.01900 -0..02100 -0..03400

12 36161 -0,.02500 -0.00380 -0..00190 -0..04900

13 36164 -0,.01300 0.01670 0,.02060 0,.06540

14 36154 -0,.07300 0.02890 0,.03700 -0,.02400

15 36163 0,.02237 0.05080 0,.04790 0,.00072

16 44477 -0..07000 -0.05500 -0..02064 -0,.04100

17 44470 -0..01652 0.00103 0..02100 -0,.06300

18 44461 -0,.09623 -0.04600 -0,.02400 -0,.07200

19 44457 -0,.05000 -0.01100 0,.00311 -0..09069

20 44472 -0,.03388 -0.00340 0,.00180 -0..03500

21 55514 -0,.06934 -0.07200 -0,.03700 -0,.06900

22 55532 -0,.03800 -0.07800 -0,.06012 -0,.05600

23 55513 -0,.07900 -0.03600 -0,.02296 -0,.09600

24 55536 -0..01000 -0.03300 -0,.01700 -0,.07600

25 55528 -0,.01800

• ••• -0.02200

Average Da

-0.

ta

.03100 -0,.01800

26 22386 .02410 0.04220 0,.07710 0..02150

27 28942 0,.00007 0.05490 0,.05630 0,.01040

28 36164 -0,.02800 0.01460 .01650 -0,.00810

29 44468 -0 .05300 -0.02300 -0,.00370 -0,.06000

30 55525 -0 .04300 -0.04800 -0 .03400 -0,.06309

:k-k** Standard Deviation ****

31 22386 .04940 0.02460 0,.02290 0,.03070

32 28942 .04740 0.02610 0,.02090 0,.03650

33 36164 .03650 0.02760 .02830 0,.04490

34 44468 .03100 0.02570 .01860 .02280

35 55525 .03040 0.02512 .01660 .02890

B4
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 26.35, C/D= 20.15

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,.-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0* 90** 180* 270*

1 22395 03920 0.06160 0. 11693 0. 03870

2 22375 .07400 0.08960 0. 17824 0. 05250

3 22381 08800 0.13846 0. 13485 0. 09480

4 22373 11217 0.10208 0. 14194 0. 08160

5 22374 05850 0.11660 0. 15285 08540

6 28892 .07570 0.13241 0, 13385 08280

7 28879 10706 0.11917 0. 17782 .09570

8 28855 -0 01400 0.06440 0. 11264 01170

9 28873 .01310 0.08310 0. 18740 02430

10 28856 03930 0.10274 0. 14661 .04280

11 36211 .03070 0.07140 0. 12400 01460

12 36209 -0 .02000 0.07910 0. 11736 00181

13 36197 .01840 0.11209 0, 11281 -0 00300

14 36224 .06310 0.12611 0. 14595 06110

15 36235 .08120 0.07570 0. 15473 04350

16 44452 -0 .02900 0.02929 0. 05140 .00964

17 44474 .05710 0.04940 0. 10638 .03890

18 44453 .01010 -0.00360 05920 -0 .02800

19 44462 .01870 0.06490 0. 10118 .00400

20 44470 .03450 0.08510 09694 -0 .00450

21 55521 .02150 -0.01300 03520 -0 .02000

22 55538 .04850 0.04209 04340 .01480

23 55531 -0 .00840 0.03030 .04690 -0 .03283

24 55552 .01320 0.00745 06420 .00606

25 55537 .03750 0.06520 .08260 .04390

• ••• Average Data • ••• 26 22380 .07440 0.10165 .14495 .07060

27 28871 .04434 0.10036 .15166 .05140

28 36215 .03470 0.09290 .13097 .02340

29 44462 .01830 0.04500 .08300 .00410

30 55536 .02250 0.02630 .05447 .00237

:k*** Standard Deviation ****

31 22380 .02700 0.02890 .02280 .02390

32 28871 .04796 0.02710 .03090 .03630

33 36215 .03940 0.02460 .01820 .02770

34 44462 .03180 0.03390 .02550 .02399

35 55536 .02200 0.03040 .01890 .03010

BS
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 37.97, C/D= 31.77

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re O** 90° 180° 270°

1 22228 0..07320 0.13435 0.,12586 -0.,01900

2 22218 0,.01500 0.10599 0.,04600 -0,,06900

3 22238 0,.06090 0.06280 0.,17154 0.,03330

4 22223 0,.09800 0.07280 0.,13336 0.,00696

5 22211 0,.05350 0.02080 0.,10216 0.,10185

6 28884 0,.03210 0.13174 0.,16409 -0.,01757

7 28881 0,.02440 0.09118 0.,15124 0.,06050

8 28855 0,.05540 0.04160 0..08280 0.,03350

9 28867 -0..00710 0.05140 0.,02690 -0..05000

10 28865 -0,.01000 -0.00092 -0..00720 -0..06600

11 36123 0,.03045 -0.02400 0..06380 -0,.02568

12 36134 0,.00850 0.03340 0,.03700 0..01650

13 36118 -0..00300 0.07830 0,.05060 0..02890

14 36108 -0..01500 0.01710 0..01970 -0..06969

15 36096 -0,.02400 -0.05600 0,.02970 -0,.04500

16 44546 0,.00197 0.07988 0..09290 0,.01590

17 44542 -0,.00860 0.02063 0,.05830 -0,.01200

18 44546 0..04170 0.06970 0,.08890 -0..02400

19 44508 -0..02063 -0.00460 0,.01270 -0,.05420

20 44522 0,.02330 0.08540 0..05890 0,.06310

21 55666 0,.04280 0.07110 0,.07420 -0,.00720

22 55653 -0,.00300 -0.02900 0,.03600 -0,.03900

23 55645 -0,.02100 -0.00710 0,.04160 -0,.05000

24 55689 0,.02210 0.04230 0,.06670 0,.03630

25 55661 -0,.01200 0.02800 0,.04480 0,.00207

*•*• Average Data **** 26 22224 0,.06030 0.07934 0,.11598 0,.01080

27 28871 0,.01710 0.06300 0,.08360 -0,.00800

28 36116 -0,.00064 0.00973 0,.04040 -0,.01900

29 44533 0,.00754 0.05020 0..06240 -0,.00240

30 55663 0,.00578 0.02120 0..05280 -0,.01400

*•** standard Deviation *••*

31 22224 0..03060 0.04320 0..04580 0..06337

32 28871 0,.03030 0.05030 0,.07490 0,.05400

33 36116 0..02110 0.05180 0,.01720 .04120

34 44533 0,.02490 0.03980 0..03190 0,.04430

35 55663 0..02610 0.03980 0,.01640 0,.03710

B6
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.3995169

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 55.44, C/D= 49.2

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 21 mm (0.827")

ACd[%] , (Cd/Cd,3-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0** 90*' 180** 270°

1 22394 .09020 0.10947 0. 09020 -0, 04300

2 22376 .03520 0.02380 0. 07000 0. 02340

3 22383 .01960 0.08130 0. 10086 -0, 06700

4 22386 .06310 -0.05500 -0. 02000 0. 07000

5 22385 .03190 0.01000 0, 00816 -0. 00420

6 28945 .00981 0.00452 0. 02090 -0. 01000

7 28928 -0 .01169 -0.02100 -0 03800 -0. 03000

8 28948 .02840 0.02210 01820 -0. 03700

9 28910 -0 .01600 0.02450 -0 01000 -0. 05000

10 28937 .00089 0.01120 04280 -0 08000

11 36039 .01500 0.02070 03950 00607

12 36008 -0 .01608 -0.08500 -0 04700 -0 09800

13 36019 -0 .02700 0.00990 -0 00860 -0 07000

14 36006 -0 .03446 -0.03000 -0 04291 -0 05700

15 36024 -0 .00560 0.05500 -0 00830 -0 03800

16 44495 .02250 0.04980 01271 -0 03400

17 44491 .00095 -0.05300 -0 .03800 -0 .08900

18 44494 -0 .00770 -0.01000 -0 .00870 -0 07500

19 44458 -0 .01600 -0.09500 -0 .11156 -0 .09600

20 44491 -0 .02500 -0.06100 -0 .04600 -0 .09300

21 55809 .01890 0.01550 .01540 -0 .03500

22 55774 -0 .00720 -0.03500 -0 .02000 -0 .07000

23 55786 -0 .01300 -0.03000 -0 .03400 -0 .04200

24 55767 -0 .00063 -0.09400 -0 .06100 -0 .09300

25 55773 -0 .02400 0.00537 -0 .02200 -0 .07500

• ••• Average Data • ••• 26 22385 .04800 0.03410 .04790 -0 .00400

27 28934 .00217 0.00817 .00473 -0 .04300

28 36019 -0 .01400 -0.00580 -0 .01400 -0 .05100

29 44486 -0 .00400 -0.03400 -0 .03818 -0 .07700

30 55782 -0 .00520 -0.02800 -0 .02400 -0 .06500

1ir*** standard Deviation *••*

31 22385 .02840 0.06420 .05630 .05450

32 28934 .01770 0.01840 .03280 .02950

33 36019 .01960 0.05390 .03471 .03860

34 44486 .01700 0.05560 .04600 .02540

35 55782 .01581 0.04294 .02734 .02500

B7
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 8.92, C/D= 2.72

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 iron (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cci,s-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0* 90° 180° 270°

1 36230 -1

.

.46115 -1.36205 -1.48594 -1.,64825

2 36236 -1

,

.45765 -1.55325 -1.54058 -1,,65583

3 36266 -1

.

.44924 -1.44226 -1.52059 -1.,57845

4 36235 -1

.

.56522 -1.42818 -1.53340 -1.,59095

5 36220 -1

.

.43354 -1.52412 -1.51329 -1.,74641

6 44728 -1

.

.60727 -1.46109 -1.55236 -1.,50938

7 44668 -1

,

.65199 -1.55347 -1.68652 -1.,69237

8 44659 -1

,

.72665 -1.63641 -1.69809 -1.,76820

9 44668 -1

,

.57845 -1.60142 -1.74024 -1..70463

10 44673 -1

,

.69851 -1.52583 -1.63922 -1..75369

11 56137 -1

,

.68896 -1.68546 -1.70104 -1..60525

12 56137 -1

,

.70322 -1.61271 -1.71093 -1..65150

13 56128 -1

,

.76966 -1.58440 -1.72586 -1..63741

14 56125 -1

,

.69680 -1.56022 -1.65366 -1..67238

15 56132 -1

,

.67946 -1.53722 -1.70739 -1..69273

16 72459 -1

,

.73642 -1.54698 -1.66218 -1..69749

17 72489 -1

,

.68166 -1.66249 -1.68651 -1..75608

18 72472 -1

,

.67499 -1.62599 -1.66029 -1,.67705

19 72484 -1

,

.67805 -1.58868 -1.63992 -1,.64136

20 72482 -1

,

.63838 -1.70123 -1.67639 -1,.73892

21 83300 -1

,

.62505 -1.53745 -1.60124 -1,.64513

22 83278 -1

,

.69956 -1.68152 -1.62485 -1,.72761

23 83290 -1

,

.65782 -1.56098 -1.60461 -1,.69760

24 83273 -1

,

.64 925 -1.60805 -1.66286 -1,.70716

25 83277 -1

,

.62446 -1.58997 -1.67004 -1,.72917

• ••• Average Data •••*

26 36237 -1

,

.47336 -1.46198 -1.51877 -1,.64398

27 44679 -1

,

.65258 -1.55564 -1.66329 -1,.68566

28 56132 -1

,

.70763 -1.59600 -1.69978 -1,.65185

29 72477 -1

,

.68191 -1.62508 -1.66506 -1 .70210

30 83284 -1 .65123 -1.59550 -1.63272 -1 .70136

1k-k** standard Deviation ****

31 36237 .05240 0.07690 0.02130 .06640

32 44679 .06130 0.06750 0.07120 .10312

33 56132 .03580 0.05740 0.02740 .03340

34 72477 .03400 0.06060 0.01770 .04640

35 83284 .03070 0.05500 0.03210 .03410

B8
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 14.73, C/D= 8.53

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,.-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90*^ 180° 270°

1 36173 -0,.32167 -0.33639 -0.,19509 -0.,39118

2 36191 -0,.27566 -0.27777 -0..11957 -0.,35649

3 36180 -0..22903 -0.51321 -0..12749 -0,,38240

4 36180 -0..18279 -0.31157 -0..09500 -0..23941

5 36182 -0..25055 -0.51584 -0..09700 -0.,29694

6 44446 -0..37379 -0.39891 -0..33567 -0.,50871

7 44445 -0..34306 -0.61848 -0.,28243 -0..41215

8 44486 -0..31619 -0.44522 -0..23116 -0.,30317

9 44440 -0..44427 -0.35379 -0..27052 -0,,27229

10 44458 -0,.29701 -0.50333 -0..22096 -0..22140

11 55678 -0,.36723 -0.36575 -0..31482 -0,.39919

12 55679 -0,.35540 -0.33507 -0,.39826 -0..48674

13 55675 -0,.33389 -0.45599 -0..35880 -0,.40337

14 55663 -0,.37549 -0.41411 -0,.31109 -0,.39276

15 55638 -0,.45691 -0.38344 -0,.39454 -0,.55426

16 72205 -0,.43647 -0.47152 -0,.38206 -0,.43908

17 72230 -0,.42383 -0.48842 -0,.36762 -0..43726

18 72209 -0,.42884 -0.48321 -0..39088 -0,.40865

19 72214 -0,.44778 -0.45830 -0,.37699 -0,.45490

20 72199 -0,.45921 -0.42719 -0,.40776 -0..44834

21 83224 -0,.48859 -0.57900 -0,.41529 -0,.40224

22 83214 -0..42647 -0.56120 -0..37222 -0,.39467

23 83119 -0,.45768 -0.53625 -0..43373 -0,.46376

24 83043 -0,.46184 -0.55294 -0,.44441 -0,.44878

25 83047 -0,.42147 -0.51471 -0,.40337 -0..41566

• ••• Average Data • *•*

26 36181 -0 .25193 -0.39096 -0 .12679 -0,.33328

27 44455 -0 .35487 -0.46395 -0 .26815 -0,.34354

28 55667 -0 .37779 -0.39087 -0 .35550 -0,.44726

29 72212 -0 .43923 -0.46574 -0 .38507 -0 .43764

30 83129 -0 .45122 -0.54881 -0 .41380 -0 .42502

ir*** standard Devialtion ***•

31 36181 .05180 0.11468 .04060 .06410

32 44455 .05750 0.10266 .04550 .11567

33 55667 .04670 0.04630 .04170 .07090

34 72212 .01425 0.02460 .01510 .01770

35 83129 .02790 0.02530 .02760 .02940

B9
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 20.54, C/D= 14.34

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%] , (Cd/Cd,3-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 36144 -0..03200 0.14888 0,.14570 0.,00655

2 36169 0..04648 0.17369 0..19766 0.,13223

3 36150 0..09580 0.14922 0.,22798 0.,07140

4 36123 0..14645 -0.05500 0.,16031 0.,10683

5 36135 0..02540 0.03860 0.,15153 0.,15893

6 44555 0..03732 0.05830 0.,13052 0.,10567

7 44550 0..01310 0.13053 0.,11988 0.,07650

8 44562 0..13493 0.15170 0.,11628 0.,12031

9 44551 0..07140 0.19700 0.,12255 0.,09510

10 44545 0..08980 0.21712 0.,12361 0.,05750

11 55503 -0,.01900 0.12534 0.,10824 0..05610

12 55478 0..01217 0.01643 0.,07840 -0..04900

13 55523 0..06030 0.15103 0..17672 0..06870

14 55493 0,.02520 0.15462 0.,09770 0..00864

15 55547 0..07571 0.13140 0..19480 0..09810

16 72089 0,.08609 -0.01400 0..10679 0..02140

17 72042 -0,.03000 -0.02000 0..06640 -0..06600

18 72071 0..04090 0.05660 0..12524 0..01880

19 72055 0,.00758 0.07622 0..08180 -0..07900

20 72077 0,.06040 0.02600 0,.08790 -0,.01000

21 83421 -0,.02900 0.04120 0,.07513 -0,.00940

22 83408 0,.00372 -0.01400 0,.05270 -0,.06600

23 83376 0,.00679 -0.02500 -0,.00470 -0,.03000

24 83392 0,.05740 0.01770 0,.06010 -0,.00490

25 83436 -0,.05400 0.09140 0,.10801 -0,.03900

• ••• Average Data *•**

26 36144 0,.05635 0.09120 0,.17664 0,.09520

27 44553 0..06930 0.15093 0,.12256 0,.09100

28 55509 0,.03080 0.11576 0,.13116 0,.03650

29 72067 0,.03200 0.02510 0,.09360 -0,.02500

30 83407 -0..00310 0.02220 0,.05830 -0,.03200

1"f*** Standard Deviation *••*

31 36144 0..06830 0.09650 0..03490 0,.05920

32 44553 0,.04720 0.06230 0..00531 0,.02450

33 55509 0,.03770 0.05670 0..05094 0,.05730

34 72067 .04520 0.04240 0..02270 0,.04650

35 83407 0,.04230 0.04640 0,.04080 0,.02520

BIO
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 26.35, C/D= 20.15

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,3-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90** 180° 270«

1 36070 .33321 0.39524 0. 53035 0. 37825

2 36067 .38931 0.37475 0. 45674 0. 25659

3 36026 .23391 0.32677 0. 42968 0. 42118

4 36015 .29696 0.34381 44176 0. 28596

5 36028 .35581 0.22219 0. 45008 0. 48119

6 44390 .22858 0.46779 30687 0. 27819

7 44354 .25153 0.19274 30987 0. 23404

8 44390 .32257 0.50932 42987 0. 39403

9 44370 26519 0.46529 39337 0. 30804

10 44396 .27517 0.35878 38142 0. 36724

11 55579 .18679 0.25442 25957 20325

12 55575 .21033 0.35512 30008 13026

13 55568 .25906 0.30588 .33743 19518

14 55582 .22875 0.24051 .36521 17997

15 55581 .20414 0.23111 .38783 19850

16 72270 .15438 0.21566 .21097 09990

17 72271 .19714 0.18235 .23221 .13921

18 72315 .21554 0.25239 .26337 .10453

19 72278 .22867 0.21196 .28542 .11997

20 72293 .21369 0.21077 .31597 .14042

21 83165 .13944 0.25935 .24307 .14619

22 83181 .20593 0.24840 .27288 .15536

23 83188 .17356 0.29918 .30279 .18533

24 83166 .15639 0.23100 .22651 .13498

25 83176 .24141 0.24691 .31753 .18341

• ••• Average Data • ••• 26 36041 .32183 0.33254 .46171 .36462

27 44380 .26860 0.39879 .36428 .31631

28 55577 .21781 0.27741 .33002 .18143

29 72285 .20188 0.21463 .26160 .12081

30 83175 .18335 0.25696 .27256 .16105

:ir*** standard Devialbion ****

31 36041 .05920 0.06690 .03930 .09350

32 44380 .03480 0.12771 .05396 .06480

33 55577 .02760 0.05220 .05120 .02990

34 72285 .02869 0.02470 .04160 .01890

35 83175 .04070 0.02560 .03840 .02240

Bll
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 37.97, C/D= 31.77

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90° 180° 270°

1 36225 0..13695 0.09720 0..23502 0..15404

2 36227 0,.22555 0.03549 0..23162 -0..00290

3 36229 0,.25082 0.24712 0,.22318 0..19449

4 36213 0..30257 0.29213 0,.32507 0..08130

5 36208 0..18630 0.35022 0,.12277 0..26128

6 44413 0,.20684 0.03480 0,.09440 0..17361

7 44450 0..30924 0.23571 0,.20684 0..04390

8 44421 0,.26094 0.30054 0,.18881 0,.11180

9 44422 0,.18200 0.15081 0,.11362 0,.24290

10 44424 0,.15431 0.39772 0,.25235 0,.18904

11 55435 0,.16678 0.10383 0,.13846 0,.23306

12 55413 0,.14808 0.17412 0..20044 0,.12057

13 55436 0..21686 0.04220 0..23366 0..03110

14 55434 0..24855 0.26923 0,.21908 0,.08740

15 55396 0..15131 0.16606 0..16816 0,.05750

16 72109 0,.12509 0.23072 0,.24135 0,.13267

17 72084 0..14606 0.17012 0,.18157 0,.12282

18 72067 0..17768 0.05980 0,.18667 0,.09000

19 72091 0..16539 0.12760 0,.19405 0,.09360

20 72072 0,.15347 0.11477 0,.20581 0,.08270

21 83400 0..14934 0.27528 0,.18885 0,.11452

22 83395 0,.15837 0.25966 0,.22052 0,.27865

23 83383 0,.14174 0.20191 0..19377 0,.14677

24 83373 0,.13674 0.15906 0,.17535 0,.05550

25 83382 0..18698 0.15481 0,.15591 0,.13700

• ••• Average Data *•*•

26 36220 0,.22043 0.20443 0,.22753 0,.13764

27 44426 0..22266 0.22393 0,.17121 0,.15226

28 55423 0..18631 0.15108 0,.19195 0..10593

29 72085 0,.15353 0.14060 0,.20189 0..10455

30 83386 0..15463 0.21015 0..18688 0,.14647

**•• standard Deviation ****

31 36220 0,.06290 0.13319 0,.07169 0,.10218

32 44426 0,.06215 0.13895 0..06580 0,.07670

33 55423 0,.04420 0.08490 0,.03860 0..07840

34 72085 0,.02010 0.06370 0,.02370 0,.02166

35 83386 0..01980 0.05560 0,.02377 0,.08190

B12
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.5990338

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 55.44, C/D= 49.20

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 31.5 mm (1.24")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,.-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0** 90* 180" 270*

1 36129 0,.01820 0.13739 0.17674 0..16797

2 36113 0,.04100 0.09440 0.16827 0..10083

3 36073 0,.01910 0.04003 -0.02900 -0,,02000

4 36094 0,.08860 -0.02000 0.12959 0..08180

5 36095 0,.07925 -0.12791 0.08380 -0..06300

6 44436 0,.06260 0.04339 -0.01800 -0..07400

7 44449 -0,.05232 0.00070 0.05940 -0..15063

8 44448 -0,.08200 0.13899 -0.10641 -0..33732

9 44459 0,.00367 -0.00160 0.07100 0..01170

10 44454 0..03440 -0.00350 0.06010 -0..13301

11 55553 0..06470 0.02390 0.00221 -0..10305

12 55550 0..02490 -0.08900 0.02956 -0..09479

13 55533 -0..05000 -0.10052 -0.07200 -0..16101

14 55524 -0..00970 -0.15716 -0.02600 -0..18208

15 55525 0,.00657 -0.13180 0.04440 -0..03100

16 72261 0,.05460 0.00784 0.06430 0..00778

17 72173 -0..02300 -0.08800 -0.05100 -0..05500

18 72136 0..01280 -0.01500 -0.02000 -0,.05500

19 72184 -0..01700 -0.03800 0.01930 -0,.04100

20 72176 -0..05100 -0.06400 -0.03655 -0,.07400

21 83136 0..02200 0.03810 0.06540 -0,.01000

22 83113 -0..00910 -0.01091 0.01140 0..05820

23 83142 0,.01050 0.07040 0.07010 0..04230

24 83150 -0,.00800 -0.04900 -0.01700 0,.04260

25 83137 -0,.02900 0.03070 -0.04000 -0,.01200

• ••* Average Data •••• 26 36101 0,.04940 0.02470 0.10590 0,.05340

27 44449 -0..00680 0.03560 0.01330 -0,.13669

28 55537 0,.00532 -0.09100 -0.00430 -0,.11442

29 72186 -0,.00480 -0.03900 -0.00480 -0,.04300

30 83135 -0,.00280 0.01590 0.01790 0,.02420

•••* standard Deviation **•*

31 36101 0,.03320 0.10357 0.08350 0,.09357

32 44449 0,.06000 0.06100 0.07570 0,.12881

33 55537 0,.04570 0.06930 0.04630 0,.05950

34 72186 0,.03980 0.03790 0.04620 0,.03030

35 83135 0,.02020 0.04640 0.04900 0,.03280

B13
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 8.92, C/D= 2.72

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1,55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0** 90° 180° 270°

1 44540 -2..90613 -3.22274 -3.,24892 -2.,97343

2 44561 -3..01263 -3.17986 -3.,04817 -3,,17288

3 44535 -3..04934 -3.25346 -3.,28921 -2,,89987

4 44558 -3..13494 -3.34015 -3.,01971 -3.,09928

5 44531 -3..06801 -3.09309 -3..04914 -3.,02631

6 55448 -3..00413 -3.31062 -3..25594 -3.,13825

7 55438 -3..04576 -3.16147 -3..20557 -3.,10585

8 55421 -3..02267 -3.25169 -3..18453 -3.,03195

9 55391 -3..07926 -3.34662 -3..23381 -2.,87428

10 55397 -3,.09604 -3.23001 -3,.12815 -2.,91353

11 72742 -3,.18346 -3.16834 -3,.25796 -3..06677

12 72759 -3,.20562 -3.24425 -3..25844 -2..90406

13 72749 -3..23698 -3.14964 -3,.22380 -2..75663

14 72744 -3..20577 -3.07610 -3,.24760 -3..14117

15 72730 -3,.21589 -3.13002 -3,.29425 -2..93931

16 83206 -3,.08389 -3.15238 -3,.18444 -2..83213

17 83200 -3,.20457 -3.14356 -3,.13463 -3,.05072

18 83201 -3,.19072 -3.18806 -3,.07721 -3,.00579

19 83236 -3,.26857 -3.09441 -3,.13981 -2,.85632

20 83204 -3,.17120 -3.08176 -3,.20347 -2,.90469

21 98773 -3..13932 -3.04649 -3..18591 -3,.25912

22 98767 -3,.11451 -3.14465 -3..21537 -3,.26038

23 98818 -3,.14381 -3.02095 -3,.20966 -3..22998

24 98835 -3,.22170 -2.94939 -3 .05398 -3..09245

25 98798 -3,.14666 -2.99202 -3 .15609 -3..22364

• ••• Average Data *•••

26 44545 -3,.03421 -3.21787 -3 .13103 -3 .03436

27 55419 -3,.04957 -3.26008 -3 .20150 -3 .01276

28 72745 -3 .20955 -3.15360 -3 .25641 -2 .96150

29 83209 -3,.18381 -3.13204 -3 .14791 -2 .92993

30 98798 -3 .15322 -3.03069 -3 .16410 -3 .21311

:k*** Standard Devialbion •***

31 44545 .08430 0.09140 .12717 .10667

32 55419 .03770 0.07180 .04950 .11657

33 72745 .01940 0.06140 .02530 .14921

34 83209 .06690 0.04350 .04920 .09470

35 98798 .04080 0.07280 .06560 .06910

B14
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 14.73, C/D= 8.53

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0** 90° 180° 270°

1 44563 -0..77383 -0.75390 -0.50606 -0.,52620

2 44536 -0..58357 -0.50749 -0.44279 -0.,61020

3 44526 -0..72386 -0.67769 -0.42438 -0.,68810

4 44534 -0..64333 -0.71677 -0.29781 -0.,48753

5 44538 -0..50342 -0.73582 -0.40152 -0..59140

6 55772 -0..79213 -0.82800 -0.63801 -0..75251

7 55836 -0..57506 -0.89235 -0.37801 -0..83636

8 55751 -0..72555 -0.74702 -0.71557 -0..65027

9 55774 -0,.65534 -0.64508 -0.51114 -0..78313

10 55728 -0..62535 -0.97800 -0.49409 -0..88367

11 72341 -0..63729 -0.73329 -0.62551 -0..83006

12 72313 -0,.64085 -0.77787 -0.72367 -0..66569

13 72306 -0..73445 -0.69854 -0.65432 -0..80283

14 72335 -0,.65550 -0.86911 -0.60314 -0..75440

15 72333 -0,.70968 -0.83231 -0.57336 -0..88307

16 83312 -0,.67463 -0.58747 -0.69118 -0..74148

17 83315 -0,.67499 -0.77666 -0.62104 -0..75870

18 83272 -0,.70463 -0.59729 -0.64626 -0..79731

19 83294 -0,.70621 -0.64449 -0.65777 -0..78976

20 83282 -0..73658 -0.57980 -0.67431 -0,.90035

21 98575 -0,.75773 -0.61535 -0.56573 -0,.58309

22 98595 -0..65736 -0.59919 -0.56346 -0..78387

23 98644 -0,.71866 -0.54158 -0.55046 -0,.66738

24 98611 -0,.72053 -0.60007 -0.58663 -0,.73951

25 98657 -0..70551 -0.67202 -0.50826 -0,.64045

• ••• Average Data •••• 26 44539 -0,.64559 -0.67832 -0.41452 -0,.58068

27 55772 -0,.67469 -0.81809 -0.54736 -0,.78119

28 72326 -0,.67556 -0.78222 -0.63599 -0,.78722

29 83295 -0,.69941 -0.63714 -0.65811 -0,.79752

30 98617 -0,.71195 -0.60564 -0.55490 -0,.68286

***• standard Deviation ****

31 44539 0..10813 0.09970 0.07620 0,.07750

32 55772 0,.08490 0.12856 0.13111 0,.08890

33 72326 0,.04374 0.06990 0.05710 0,.08250

34 83295 0,.02550 0.08216 0.02677 0..06160

35 98617 .03610 0.04660 0.02870 0..07970

B15
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 20.54, C/D= 14.34

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0" 90« 180° 270*

1 44497 .22325 0.30932 0.43488 0. 46188

2 44520 29751 0.42471 0.50134 0. 39343

3 44516 41247 0.19290 0.57561 0. 35346

4 44533 32301 0.49105 0.52797 0. 37273

5 44514 25644 0.24813 0.46668 0. 23090

6 55570 21375 0.07640 0.38799 14187

7 55578 .11187 0.25768 0.42143 0. 10346

8 55599 27531 0.35982 0.42288 23897

9 55592 15657 0.30348 0.47513 16046

10 55567 .24559 0.22656 0.37984 02420

11 71883 13522 0.36236 0.34347 .27454

12 71909 06330 0.19853 0.41772 .18061

13 71895 .14832 0.30893 0.41031 .32936

14 71930 19077 0.23471 0.38175 .21323

15 71900 .13775 0.08640 0.47103 .36933

16 83068 .17413 0.12201 0.34751 .17620

17 83095 .08520 0.23709 0.37380 .01660

18 83113 .12274 0.18784 0.37186 .22560

19 83109 .21914 0.23552 0.44076 .16632

20 83070 .14109 0.31789 0.39256 .24209

21 98933 .15791 0.33718 0.34591 .23329

22 98969 .06560 0.31967 0.36659 .09900

23 98934 .15174 0.26962 0.42811 .19973

24 98968 .10240 0.25466 0.37515 .07030

25 98927 .18388 0.19229 0.45397 .16791

• ••• Average Data ••**

26 44516 .30253 0.33322 0.50130 .36249

27 55581 .20062 0.24478 0.41746 .13379

28 71903 .13507 0.23819 0.40486 .27341

29 83091 .14846 0.22006 0.38529 .16536

30 98946 .13230 0.27468 0.39396 .15405 •••• standard Deviation ****

31 44516 .07220 0.12307 0.05420 .08430

32 55581 .06630 0.10643 0.03730 .07840

33 71903 .04580 0.10626 0.04710 .07860

34 83091 .05092 0.07200 0.03470 .08910

35 98946 .04780 0.05720 0.04540 .06850

B16
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 26.35, C/D= 20.15

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,s-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re o** 90" 180° 270°

1 44444 57060 0.45976 0. 62477 0. 74749

2 44420 60236 0.54257 0. 69747 0. 58261

3 44424 63017 0.72500 0. 74081 0. 39402

4 44405 63630 0.32553 0. 65118 0. 56537

5 44445 64133 0.37806 78361 0. 51686

6 55625 48533 0.31070 53282 0. 41507

7 55649 56206 0.22542 51797 33048

8 55641 42978 0.57970 67279 36273

9 55616 47940 0.33013 52338 .30239

10 55628 50670 0.61871 54631 .58432

11 71816 42926 0.14198 60051 .27924

12 71863 51698 0.37478 65513 .45005

13 71863 35662 0.32421 58616 .44286

14 71831 40403 0.43123 .50114 .17431

15 71913 46368 0.42296 .59641 .59369

16 83194 50012 0.52543 .56896 .48388

17 83159 43092 0.44646 .53408 .39641

18 83184 34642 0.24991 .57782 .33147

19 83176 45604 0.44730 .62340 .30730

20 83116 .38907 0.32257 .49297 .25710

21 98598 .38195 0.43480 .56373 .50383

22 98603 .45853 0.25422 .54559 .35690

23 98650 .49357 0.36741 .62641 .34295

24 98630 .41111 0.45120 .59743 .48661

25 98564 .32651 0.40130 .56291 .30163

**•• Average Data • *•*

26 44428 .61615 0.48618 .69958 .56128

27 55632 .49265 0.41293 .55866 .39899

28 71857 .43411 0.33904 .58787 .38804

29 83166 .42450 0.39832 .55945 .35522

30 98609 .41434 0.38179 .57922 .39840

1k*** Standard Devia 1bion *•**

31 44428 .02970 0.15686 .06450 .12743

32 55632 .04790 0.17510 .06460 .11178

33 71857 .06030 0.11771 .05520 .16257

34 83166 .05920 0.11006 .04850 .08730

35 98609 .06480 0.07820 .03100 .09080

B17
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 37.97, C/D= 31.77

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd,,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0° 90*^ 180° 270*

1 44504 .50952 0.23913 0.74489 .40291

2 44528 .47893 0.34309 0.65711 .53623

3 44525 .45549 0.39719 0.66642 .47954

4 44525 .31524 0.51881 0.59308 .34789

5 44525 .44406 0.60026 0.64942 .50012

6 55658 .36749 0.62314 0.45506 .26346

7 55655 .36602 0.12844 0.38684 .17046

8 55645 .40117 0.06940 0.35178 .26379

9 55628 .26237 -0.15292 0.32949 .37012

10 55612 .25807 0.53414 0.46304 .12463

11 72063 .17630 -0.19991 0.50983 .26497

12 72120 .30449 0.29929 0.42014 .38946

13 72098 .32558 0.37549 0.48395 .31962

14 72110 .30974 0.05700 0.43243 .12823

15 72105 .22381 0.46305 0.42803 .20851

16 83132 .28234 0.15729 0.42192 .18465

17 83171 .22787 0.19467 0.42106 .20137

18 83051 .31633 0.32692 0.40560 .32066

19 83153 .25607 0.32207 0.39881 .23507

20 83140 .34177 0.23903 0.42254 .31845

21 99072 .30627 0.30894 0.42810 .40414

22 99030 .21968 0.35016 0.42596 .25160

23 99015 .28443 0.39707 0.45757 .32202

24 98981 .34552 0.36509 0.42636 .20037

25 99009 .26502 0.40871 0.41847 .30975

• **• Average Data •••• 26 44521 .44065 0.41970 0.66219 .45334

27 55640 .33103 0.24044 0.39724 .23850

28 72099 .26799 0.19917 0.45488 .26216

29 83129 .28488 0.24800 0.41398 .25205

30 99022 .28418 0.36599 0.43128 .29757

1t*** Standard Deviation *•••

31 44521 .07460 0.14250 0.05460 .07640

32 55640 .06580 0.32757 0.06012 .09503

33 72099 .06440 0.26891 0.04010 .10038

34 83129 .04610 0.07605 0.01080 .06480

35 99022 .04699 0.04000 0.01520 .07650

B18
Change in Orifice Meter Discharge Coefficients for

a Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

and Beta = 0.7487923

Orifice Plate Axial Position Z/D= 55.44, C/D= 49.20

Orifice Plate: Hole Diameter, d= 39.4 mm (1.55")

ACd[%], (Cd/Cd, ,-l)*100

At Pressure Tap Positions

No. Re 0** 90° 180° 270°

1 44664 .03420 -0.35143 .11689 .28104

2 44630 -0 .03300 0.26957 .28564 -0 .15390

3 44613 .10249 -0.06500 .16486 -0 .00210

4 44617 .07230 0.13202 21147 .03030

5 44606 .04932 -0.15831 06640 -0 .28344

6 55524 -0 .05600 -0.05100 17741 .00187

7 55482 08270 0.24122 -0 03500 -0 .55416

8 55530 .09490 0.10560 21113 -0 .13747

9 55506 01340 -0.05100 -0 04300 -0 .26932

10 55490 -0 .03500 -0.12546 .11361 -0 .21183

11 72154 -0 .05800 -0.28101 .17504 -0 .27529

12 72116 -0 .01300 -0.30977 .15835 -0 .07000

13 72139 .05020 0.00810 .16471 .06700

14 72095 .03090 -0.12431 07690 .03740

15 72113 -0 05500 -0.14255 18374 .20238

16 83258 -0 02300 0.20953 .05860 -0 .02400

17 83145 -0 01700 0.11918 .14311 -0 .11038

18 83153 -0 .00860 0.08176 14250 -0 .21535

19 83094 .05030 -0.02000 13429 -0 .24331

20 83088 -0 .04400 0.04450 .10966 -0 .15842

21 99166 .01060 0.10561 .05610 .04180

22 99142 -0 .04266 -0.05800 .15290 -0 .10839

23 99206 .01610 0.05530 .17682 -0 .04400

24 99191 .01210 0.18084 .21026 .01950

25 99188 .00731 0.06920 .08870 -0 .08600

• ••• Average Data • *•*

26 44626 .04520 -0.03500 .16906 -0 .02600

27 55506 .02000 0.02385 .08490 -0 .23418

28 72123 -0 .00890 -0.16990 .15175 -0 .00940

29 83147 -0 .00860 0.08510 .11762 -0 .15032

30 99179 .00070 0.07060 .13695 -0 .03500

*••* standard Deviation ••*•

31 44626 .05070 0.24361 .08460 .21203

32 55506 .06770 0.14794 .11792 .20525

33 72123 .04910 0.12895 .04260 .17965

34 83147 .03590 0.08750 .03662 .08620

35 99179 .02410 0.08650 .06330 .06502

B19

APPENDIX C

Turbine Flow Meter Perfomiance

for a Header H342-100/0-1

with aiid without a 19-tube bundle

Meters in the Outlet Pipe #1

with the Outlet #1 Opened and the Outlet #2 Fully Closed

Tube Bundle Entrance Location, Z= 4.26D

Tube Bundle Exit Location, Z= 6.2D

Water Temperature =21.5 °C

Gage Pressure = 138 kPa(20 PSI)

Water Density = 997.88 kg/m^

Water Kinematic Viscosity = 9.71958*10-''

Meter Tube Diameter, D= 52.5 mm (2.07")

ci
Change in Turbine Meter Constant for

Header H342-100/0-1

ASt, [%1 = (St/St,,-l)*100

No. Re ASt Re ASt Re ASt

(Z = 3. 52 D) (Z = 9.32 D) (Z= 15.14 D)

1 44420 .31779 44531 .35006 44513 0, 30057

2 44414 .37954 44531 .34087 44457 0. 30861

3 44399 .34871 44552 .41022 44498 0. 26915

4 44433 .39806 44555 .37596 44480 0, 27818

5 44399 .33643 44558 .39383 44483 0. 28487

6 55426 .37403 55604 .37647 55664 .26668

7 55424 .35216 55605 .40453 55659 .28068

8 55477 .31299 55653 .41909 55670 .27366

9 55442 .43389 55644 .35610 55638 .29840

10 55407 .35839 55673 .39596 55639 .30868

11 72157 .41658 72170 .40496 72146 .28684

12 72141 .36351 72138 .36262 71894 .29462

13 72145 .32398 72170 .39309 71728 .26845

14 72193 .43316 72165 .37693 71695 .29897

15 72185 .29444 72172 .42202 71681 .30649

16 83371 .41384 83087 .40338 83247 .29356

17 83277 .36045 83105 .43108 83251 .30334

18 83349 .39373 82993 .39270 83251 .30923

19 83370 .31186 82863 .41764 83312 .28035

20 83365 .28663 82904 .36916 83263 .31678

21 98478 .41403 98512 .41666 98630 .29153

22 98507 .35582 98562 .40219 98634 .33361

23 98447 .39005 98504 .38924 98630 .30549

24 98482 .33771 98520 .42851 98650 .31962

25 98502 .38056 98515 .37017 98643 .31205

*••• Average Data *•*•

26 44413 .35610 44545 .37419 44486 .28828

27 55435 .36629 55636 .39043 55654 .28563

28 72164 .36634 72163 .39192 71829 .29107

29 83346 .35331 82990 .40280 83265 .30065

30 98483 .37564 98523 .40135 98637 .31248

*•** Standard Deviation ****

31 44413 .03250 44545 .02910 44486 .01610

32 55435 .04395 55636 .02460 55654 .01740

33 72164 .05910 72163 .02330 71829 .01440

34 83346 .05360 82990 .02380 83265 .01410

35 98483 .02970 98523 .02290 98637 .01570

C2
Change in Turbine Meter Constant for

Header H342-100/0-1

ASt, [%] = (St/St,.-l)*100

No. Re ASt Re ASt Re ASt

(Z = 26. 76 D) (Z = 38, 38 D) (Z= 50. 00 D)

1 44552 0,.21747 44408 0..13734 44550 0.,09780

2 44545 0..22657 44400 0..17942 44515 0..16733

3 44553 0..23405 44397 0..20320 44544 0..13858

4 44563 0,.25389 44447 0..16551 44554 0..09500

5 44582 0,.24466 44400 0..21228 44528 0..11765

6 55811 0..21210 55799 0..18158 55675 0..15173

7 55719 0,.24268 55786 0..20338 55645 0.,14262

8 55745 0,.26379 55807 0..16309 55653 0.,15538

9 55759 0..21163 55788 0..17721 55640 0.,11887

10 55743 0,.22754 55786 0..21266 55656 0.,10176

11 72160 0,.24290 72035 0..20406 72070 0,,15548

12 72186 0,.20921 71954 0..19008 72102 0.,13473

13 72171 0,.23358 71821 0..23939 72110 0,.11925

14 72170 0,.22751 71859 0..16415 72111 0,.10408

15 72165 0..25197 71844 0..18225 72098 0,.12826

16 83040 0,.25262 83341 0..21374 83269 0,.12448

17 83074 0,.23767 83370 0,.20010 83369 0,.16898

18 83067 0..24167 83378 0..16377 83384 0,,13751

19 83058 0,.23710 83365 0,.18913 83343 0,.16284

20 83076 0,.22918 83353 0,.23296 83353 0,.15065

21 99024 0,.23967 98891 0,.19684 98997 0,.16612

22 99022 0,.23629 98824 0,.23409 98973 0,.15380

23 99029 0..26211 98818 0,.22333 98997 0,.18627

24 98991 .25550 98821 0,.20996 98978 0,.13463

25 98994 .24892 98871 0,.17115 98985 0,.14609

•k*** Average Data • ••• 26 44559 .23532 44411 0,.17956 44538 0,.12328

27 55755 .23155 55793 0,.18758 55654 0,.13407

28 72170 .23304 71903 0,.19598 72098 0,.12836

29 83063 .23965 83361 .19994 83344 0,.14890

30 99012 .24850 98845 .20708 98986 0,.15737

• ••• Standard Deviation ****

31 44559 .01440 44411 .03000 44538 0..03020

32 55755 .02200 55793 .02012 55654 0..02300

33 72170 .01620 71903 .02820 72098 0,.01800

34 83063 .00852 83361 .02500 83344 0,.01830

35 99012 .01070 98845 .02440 98986 0,.01980

C3
Change in Turbine Meter Constant for

Header H342-100/0-1

ASt, [%] = (St/St,3-l)*100

No. Re ASt

(Z = 61.62 D)

1 44514 0.06990

2 44521 0.04780

3 44492 0.02626

4 44507 0.05420

5 44462 0.09420

6 55702 0.03970

7 55629 0.09973

8 55605 0.06520

9 55420 0.08670

10 55398 0.13056

11 72322 0.03510

12 72279 0.07580

13 72265 0.08870

14 72259 0.12429

15 72271 0.08670

16 83184 0.05380

17 83145 0.12775

18 83177 0.07400

19 83176 0.09330

20 83092 0.10911

21 98678 0.07330

22 98683 0.09660

23 98662 0.12080

24 98646 0.14686

25 98673 0.10521

• • Average Data ** 26 44499 0.05840

27 55551 0.08440

28 72279 0.08210

29 83155 0.09180

30 98669 0.10854

• • Standard Deviation ** 31 44499 0.02534

32 55551 0.03410

33 72279 0.03190

34 83155 0.02880

35 98669 0.02740

C4
Change in Turbine Meter Constants for

Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

ASt, [%] = (St/St,s- 1)*100

No. Re ASt Re ASt Re ASt

(z =

•7.78 D) (Z = 13.59 D) (Z = 19. 4 D)

(C = :L.58 D) (C = 7.39 D) (C = 13. 2 D)

1 44394 -0 .04400 44417 -0.04100 44427 -0 01800

2 44374 -0 .03100 44438 -0.01100 44460 -0 04900

3 44379 -0 00600 44400 -0.05800 44469 -0 00590

4 44370 -0 02600 44430 -0.09500 44449 01300

5 44371 -0 01700 44387 0.00456 44439 -0 03400

6 55514 -0 05800 55362 -0.04600 55493 -0 02200

7 55529 -0 07200 55340 -0.01300 55488 -0 01100

8 55502 -0 02500 55359 -0.08631 55506 -0 04200

9 55478 -0 03000 55346 -0.06800 55434 -0 03000

10 55502 -0 05022 55306 -0.03600 55442 01270

11 72280 -0 07700 72215 -0.04200 72402 -0 .04052

12 72272 -0 06900 72187 -0.07200 72381 -0 07000

13 72268 -0 .08800 72194 -0.05300 72345 -0 00350

14 72243 -0 .04300 72195 -0.10691 72355 -0 .02300

15 72226 -0 04700 72187 -0.08500 72351 -0 .04900

16 83289 -0 08200 83250 -0.03300 83298 -0 .04100

17 83264 -0 07300 83260 -0.03000 83308 -0 .01400

18 83290 -0 06600 83223 -0.05700 83304 -0 .04000

19 83284 -0 .09177 83242 -0.07500 83316 -0 .02800

20 83254 -0 .02900 83251 -0.09900 83336 -0 .08400

21 98879 -0 .09400 98901 -0.08100 98658 -0 .05900

22 98875 -0 .03600 98885 -0.03100 98652 -0 .02200

23 98897 -0 .07300 98836 -0.09300 98642 -0 .03900

24 98876 -0 .06000 98838 -0.10350 98661 -0 .08959

25 98830 -0 .06500 98851 -0.05086 98658 -0 .04000 •••• Average Data • •*•

26 44377 -0 .02500 44414 -0.03000 44449 -0 .01856

27 55505 -0 .04700 55342 -0.04000 55473 -0 .01800

28 72258 -0 .06500 72196 -0.07200 72367 -0 .03901

29 83276 -0 .06839 83245 -0.06100 83313 -0 .04300

30 98872 -0 .06700

• ••• 98862

Standard

-0.07200

Deviation

98654

• •••

-0 .05200

31 44377 .01420 44414 0.03920 44449 .02440

32 55505 .01940 55342 0.02840 55473 .02080

33 72258 .01930 72196 0.02590 72367 .02860

34 83276 .02410 83245 0.02690 83313 .02660

35 98872 .02098 98862 0.03010 98654 .02520

C5
Change in Turbine Meter Constants for

Header H342-100/0-1 with a 19-Tube Bundle at 6. 2D

ASt, [%] == (St/St,,-•1)*100

No. Re ASt Re ASt Re ASt

( z = 25 .21 D) ( z = 36.83 D) (Z = i54. 26 D)

( c = 19 .01 D) ( c = 30.63 D) (C = -48. 06 D)

1 44491 -0..02800 44529 0.03840 44479 -0..01800

2 44472 -0.,04700 44558 -0.00640 44496 0..00748

3 44467 -0..06500 44531 -0.04800 44478 0..00233

4 44482 -0..07400 44524 -0.07900 44464 0..02050

5 44442 -0,.09100 44509 0.05250 44447 0..01430

6 55559 -0..07493 55695 -0.07400 55490 -0..05500

7 55538 -0..00490 55720 -0.07000 55478 0..00286

8 55552 -0,.03200 55672 0.02930 55441 0,.04040

9 55576 0..01130 55672 0.05680 55496 0..01270

10 55539 -0,.08956 55667 0.02220 55456 -0,.03100

11 72084 -0..08600 71952 0.01200 71644 0,.01360

12 72159 -0..06100 72004 -0.02800 71624 0,.01300

13 72085 -0,.07700 71945 -0.01300 71627 0..01590

14 72041 -0,.05200 71961 -0.01600 71621 -0,.01800

15 72029 -0..02700 71869 0.01240 71579 0,.02310

16 83235 -0,.05600 83132 -0.03100 83240 0,.00860

17 83239 -0..08500 83176 -0.01800 83277 -0,.01000

18 83219 -0..07100 83188 -0.03700 83277 0,.00034

19 83235 -0.,09100 83157 0.00659 83251 0,.00498

20 83234 -0.,08000 83130 -0.02500 83267 0,.00365

21 98730 -0..05700 98756 -0.01885 98787 0,.02510

22 98708 -0..05000 98776 -0.04500 98803 -0,.00700

23 98790 -0..10270 98720 -0.00330 99152 -0,.01300

24 98789 -0..11987 98750 -0.02700 99152 0,.01280

25 98722 -0..04300 98731 -0.04400 99150 0,.02620 **** Average Data • ••• 26 44471 -0..06100 44530 -0.00860 44473 .00542

27 55553 -0..03800 55685 -0.00710 55472 -0..00500

28 72080 -0..06100 71946 -0.00652 71619 0,.00975

29 83232 -0..07900 83157 -0.02100 83263 .00150

30 98748 -0,.07600 98747 -0.02700 99009 .00866

*••• Standard. Deviation •***

31 44471 0..02440 44530 0.05590 44473 .01450

32 55553 0,.04350 55685 0.06060 55472 .03740

33 72080 0,.02280 71946 0.01790 71619 .01587

34 83232 0,.01490 83157 0.01600 83263 .00714

35 98748 0,.03290 98747 0.01750 99009 .01825

C6

*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1996-40A-4A7/46401
NISTiTechnical Publications

Periodical

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology—Reports NISI research and

development in those disciplines of the physical and engineering sciences in which the Institute is active. These include physics, chemistry, engineering, mathematics, and computer sciences. Papers cover a broad

range of subjects, with major emphasis on measurement methodology and the basic technology underlying

standardization. Also included from time to time are survey articles on topics closely related to the Institute's technical and scientific programs. Issued six times a year.

Nonperiodicals

Monographs—Major contributions to the technical literature on various subjects related to the Institute's scientific and technical activities. Handbooks—Recommended codes of engineering and industrial practice (including safety codes) developed

in cooperation with interested industries, professional organizations, and regulatory bodies.

Special Publications—Include proceedings of conferences sponsored by NIST, NISI annual reports, and

other special publications appropriate to this grouping such as wall charts, pocket cards, and bibliographies.

National Standard Reference Data Series—Provides quantitative data on the physical and chemical

properties of materials, compiled from the world's literature and critically evaluated. Developed under a

worldwide program coordinated by NIST under the authority of the National Standard Data Act (Public Law

90-396). NOTE: The Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (JPCRD) is published bi-monthly for NIST by the American Chemical Society (ACS) and the American Institute of Physics (AlP). Subscriptions,

reprints, and supplements are available from ACS, 1155 Sixteenth St., NW, Washington, DC 20056.

Building Science Series—Disseminates technical information developed at the Institute on building

materials, components, systems, and whole structures. The series presents research results, test methods,

and performance criteria related to the structural and environmental functions and the durability and safety

characteristics of building elements and systems.

Technical Notes—Studies or reports which are complete in themselves but restrictive in their treatment of a

subject. Analogous to monographs but not so comprehensive in scope or definitive in treatment of the

subject area. Often serve as a vehicle for final reports of work performed at NIST under the sponsorship of other government agencies.

Voluntary Product Standards—Developed under procedures published by the Department of Commerce in Part 10, Title 15, of the Code of Federal Regulations. The standards establish nationally recognized

requirements for products, and provide all concerned interests with a basis for common understanding of the

characteristics of the products. NIST administers this program in support of the efforts of private-sector

standardizing organizations.

Order the following NIST publications—FIPS and NISTIRs—from the National Technical

Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.

Federal Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS PUB)—Publications in this series collectively constitute the Federal Information Processing Standards Register. The Register serves as the official source

of information in the Federal Government regarding standards issued by NIST pursuant to the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 as amended, Public Law 89-306 (79 Stat. 1 127), and as implemented by Executive Order 11717 (38 FR 12315, dated May 11, 1973) and Part 6 of Title 15 CFR

(Code of Federal Regulations).

NIST Interagency Reports (NISTIR)—A special series of interim or final reports on work performed by NIST

for outside sponsors (both government and nongovernment). In general, initial distribution is handled by the sponsor; public distribution is by the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161, in paper

copy or microfiche form.
>.

O)o

o

c

JO <

^ M- CVJ

1-1 C ©

• CO (0 :d20

ii

8

S

0)u> 3

12c 1

to £

3 k» CD £

« ^(0 ic s

a.