NIST NCSTAR 1-4A

Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the

World Trade Center Disaster

Post-Construction Fires Prior to

September 11, 2001

Erica D. Kuligowski

David D. Evans

Richard D. Peacock

National Institute of Standards and Technology • Technology Adminislration • U.S. Department of Comi

NIST NCSTAR1-4A

Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the

World Trade Center Disaster

Post-Construction Fires Prior to

September 11, 2001

Erica D. Kuligowski

Building and Fire Research Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

David D. Evans

Society of Fire Protection Engineers

Richard D. Peacock

Building and Fire Research Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

September 2005

U.S. Department of Commerce

Carlos M. Gutierrez, Secretary

Technology Administration Michelle O'Neill, Acting Under Secretary for Technology

National Institute of Standards and Technology

William Jeffrey, Director
Disclaimer No. 1

Certain commercial entities, equipment, products, or materials are identified in this document in order to describe a procedure or concept adequately or to trace the history of the procedures and practices used. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation, endorsement, or implication that the entities, products, materials, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. Nor does such identification imply a finding of fault or negligence by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Disclaimer No. 2 The policy of NIST is to use the International System of Units (metric units) in all publications. In this document,

however, units are presented in metric units or the inch-pound system, whichever is prevalent in the discipline.

Disclaimer No. 3

Pursuant to section 7 of the National Construction Safety Team Act, the NIST Director has determined that certain evidence received by NIST in the course of this Investigation is "voluntarily provided safety-related information" that is "not directly related to the building failure being investigated" and that "disclosure of that information would inhibit the voluntary provision of that type of information" (15 USC 7306c).

In addition, a substantial portion of the evidence collected by NIST in the course of the Investigation has been

provided to NIST under nondisclosure agreements.

Disclaimer No. 4

NIST takes no position as to whether the design or construction of a WTC building was compliant with any code

since, due to the destruction of the WTC buildings, NIST could not verify the actual (or as-built) construction, the

properties and condition of the materials used, or changes to the original construction made over the life of the

buildings. In addition, NIST could not verify the interpretations of codes used by applicable authorities in determining

compliance when implementing building codes. Where an Investigation report states whether a system was

designed or installed as required by a code provision, NIST has documentary or anecdotal evidence indicating

whether the requirement was met, or NIST has independently conducted tests or analyses indicating whether the requirement was met.

Use in Legal Proceedings

No part of any report resulting from a NIST investigation into a structural failure or from an investigation under the

National Construction Safety Team Act may be used in any suit or action for damages arising out of any matter mentioned in such report (15 USC 281a; as amended by P.L. 107-231).

National Institute of Standards and Technology National Construction Safety Team Act Report 1-4A

Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Natl. Constr. Sfty. Tm. Act Rpt. 1-4A, 140 pages (September 2005)

CODEN: NSPUE2

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 2005

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov — Phone: (202) 512-1800 — Fax: (202) 512-2250

Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0001
Abstract

Fires occurred in World Trade Center (WTC) 1, 2, and 7 prior to September 11, 2001. This report

dociiments the facts of significant fires in the buildings after first occupancy as they relate to the

performance of the automatic sprinkler, manual suppression, fire detection, and smoke purge systems.

The ultimate goal of this review was to identify from New York City Fire Department (FDNY) records

significant but not well-known fires for further study.

From the information contained in FDNY fire reports and fire investigation records provided to the

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 47 fires occurred in WTC 1 , 2, and 7 that were of

sufficient size and duration to activate multiple sprinklers or were estimated by NIST to be capable of

doing so, over the time period the buildings were occupied. This total does not include the major

1975 office fire in WTC 1 or the 1993 bombing.

The records indicate that in areas protected by automatic sprinklers, no fire activated more than three

sprinklers. Three sprinklers would provide coverage for a floor area of approximately 675 ft" (63 m").

This area is much smaller than the 9,000 ft^ (800 m") damaged by the 1975 fire in an office space

unprotected with automatic sprinklers.

Many of the fires that occurred were recorded as suspicious or unknown in cause, occurred during

off peak work hours, and involved materials such as trash or paper-based supplies. In cases where

sprinklers were activated, the FDNY records indicated that the sprinklers either extinguished the fire completely or aided in controlling the spread.

Keywords: Fire, fire detection, manual fire suppression, smoke purge systems, sprinklers. World Trade

Center.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation HI
Abstract

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iv NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Table of Contents

Abstract iii

List of Figures vii

List of Tables ix

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xi

Preface xiii

Chapter 1 New York City Fire Department Records 1

1 . 1 Background 1

1 .2 FDNY Fire Reports and Fire Investigation Reports 1

1 .2. 1 Fire Record Forms 2

1 .2.2 Overview of Fire Incidents 1970-2001 from FDNY Records 3

1.3 References 5

Chapter 2 Significant Fires in WTC 1, 2, and 7 7

2.1 Fire Incidents Occurring in WTC 1 7

2.2 Fire Incidents Occurring in WTC 2 10

2.3 Additional Fires Involving Deployment of Standpipe Lines in WTC 1 and WTC 2 1

2.4 Fire Incidents Occurring in WTC 7 12

2.5 Summary 12

2.6 Attachments to This Fire History 13

2.7 Conclusions 13

Appendix A

Explanation of Numeric Codes Prior to 1980 15

Appendix B

Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1981 to 1987 19

Appendix C

Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1987 to Present 25

Appendix D

Significant Fires in WTC 1 31

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation v
Table of Contents

Appendix E

Significant Fires in WTC 2 61

Appendix F Fires with Standpipes and Sprinklers in WTC 1 and WTC 2 67

Appendix G

Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2 73

Appendix H

Significant Fires in WTC 7 111

Appendix I Extracted Page from PACO Report on Sprinkler Program 115

vi NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
List of Figures

Figure P-1. The eight projects in the federal building and fire safety investigation of the WTC

disaster xv

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation vii
List of Figures

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vni NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
List of Tables

Table P-1. Federal building and fire safety investigation of the WTC disaster xiv

Table P-2. Public meetings and briefings of the WTC Investigation xvii

Table 1-1. Categorization of WTC 1, 2, and 7 fires from FDNY records 3

Table 2-1. Significant fires in WTC 1 extinguished by sprinklers and/or multiple standpipe lines 7

Table 2-2. Significant fires in WTC 2 extinguished by sprinklers and/or multiple standpipe lines 10

Table 2-3. Significant fires in WTC 7 extinguished by sprinklers and/or multiple standpipe lines 12

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation ix
List of Tables

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X NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

Mcronyms

DJAP dissemination and technical assistance program

FDNY New York City Fire Department

FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency

HVAC heating, ventilating, and air conditioning

NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology

T) A XTVTvT T rAJN YIN J Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

R&D research and development

WTC World Trade Center

WTC 1 World Trade Center 1 (North Tower)

WTC 2 World Trade Center 2 (South Tower)

WTC 7 World Trade Center 7

Abbreviations

square foot

square meter

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation XI
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

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xii NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Preface

Genesis of This Investigation

Immediately following the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001, the

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the American Society of Civil Engineers began

planning a building performance study of the disaster. The week of October 7, as soon as the rescue and

search efforts ceased, the Building Performance Study Team went to the site and began its assessment.

This was to be a brief effort, as the study team consisted of experts who largely volunteered their time

away from their other professional commitments. The Building Performance Study Team issued its report in May 2002, fulfilling its goal "to determine probable failure mechanisms and to identify areas of

future investigation that could lead to practical measures for improving the damage resistance of buildings

against such unforeseen events."

On August 21, 2002, with funding from the U.S. Congress through FEMA, the National Institute of

Standards and Technology (NIST) announced its building and fire safety investigation of the WTC

disaster. On October 1 , 2002, the National Construction Safety Team Act (Public Law 107-23 1), was

signed into law. The NIST WTC Investigation was conducted under the authority of the National

Construction Safety Team Act.

The goals of the investigation of the WTC disaster were:

• To investigate the building construction, the materials used, and the technical conditions that contributed to the outcome of the WTC disaster.

• To serve as the basis for: - Improvements in the way buildings are designed, constructed, maintained, and used; - Improved tools and guidance for industry and safety officials; - Recommended revisions to current codes, standards, and practices; and - Improved public safety.

The specific objectives were:

1. Determine why and how WTC 1 and WTC 2 collapsed following the initial impacts of the

aircraft and why and how WTC 7 collapsed;

2. Determine why the injuries and fatalities were so high or low depending on location,

including all technical aspects of fire protection, occupant behavior, evacuation, and

emergency response;

3. Determine what procedures and practices were used in the design, construction, operation,

and maintenance of WTC 1, 2, and 7; and

4. Identify, as specifically as possible, areas in current building and fire codes, standards, and

practices that warrant revision.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation xiu
Preface

NIST is a nonregulatory agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce's Technology Administration. The

purpose of NIST investigations is to improve the safety and structural integrity of buildings in the United

States, and the focus is on fact finding. NIST investigative teams are authorized to assess building

performance and emergency response and evacuation procedures in the wake of any building failure that has resulted in substantial loss of life or that posed significant potential of substantial loss of life. NIST

does not have the statutory authority to make findings of fault nor negligence by individuals or

organizations. Further, no part of any report resulting from a NIST investigation into a building failure or from an investigation under the National Construction Safety Team Act may be used in any suit or action

for damages arising out of any matter mentioned in such report (15 USC 281a, as amended by Public

Law 107-231).

Organization of the Investigation

The National Construction Safety Team for this Investigation, appointed by the then NIST Director, Dr. Arden L. Bement, Jr., was led by Dr. S. Shyam Sunder. Dr. William L. Grosshandler served as Associate Lead Investigator, Mr. Stephen A. Cauffman served as Program Manager for Administration,

and Mr. Harold E. Nelson served on the team as a private sector expert. The Investigation included eight

interdependent projects whose leaders comprised the remainder of the team. A detailed description of

each of these eight projects is available at http://wtc.nist.gov. The purpose of each project is summarized

in Table P-1, and the key interdependencies among the projects are illustrated in Fig. P-1.

Table P-1. Federal building and fire safety investigation of the WTC disaster.

Technical Area and Project Leader Project Purpose

Analysis of Building and Fire Codes and

Practices; Project Leaders: Dr. H. S. Lew

and Mr. Richard W. Bukowski

Document and analyze the code provisions, procedures, and

practices used in the design, construction, operation, and

maintenance of the structural, passive fire protection, and

emergency access and evacuation systems of WTC 1, 2, and 7. Baseline Structural Performance and

Aircraft Impact Damage Analysis; Project Leader: Dr. Fahim H. Sadek

Analyze the baseline performance of WTC 1 and WTC 2 under

design, service, and abnormal loads, and aircraft impact damage on

the structural, fire protection, and egress systems.

Mechanical and Metallurgical Analysis of

Structural Steel; Project Leader: Dr. Frank

W. Gayle

Determine and analyze the mechanical and metallurgical properties

and quality of steel, weldments, and connecdons from steel recovered from WTC 1, 2, and 7. Investigation of Active Fire Protection

Systems; Project Leader: Dr. David

D. Evans; Dr. William Grosshandler

Investigate the perfonnance of the active fire protection systems in WTC 1, 2, and 7 and their role in fire control, emergency response, and fate of occupants and responders.

Reconstruction of Thermal and Tenability

Environment; Project Leader: Dr. Richard

G. Gann

Reconstruct the time-evolving temperature, thermal environment,

and smoke movement in WTC 1, 2, and 7 for use in evaluating the

structural performance of the buildings and behavior and fate of

occupants and responders.

Structural Fire Response and Collapse

Analysis; Project Leaders: Dr. John

L. Gross and Dr. Therese P. McAllister

Analyze the response of the WTC towers to fires with and without

aircraft damage, the response of WTC 7 in fires, the perfonnance

of composite steel-trussed floor systems, and determine the most

probable structural collapse sequence for WTC 1, 2, and 7. Occupant Behavior, Egress, and Emergency

Communications; Project Leader: Mr. Jason D. Averill

Analyze the behavior and fate of occupants and responders, both

those who survived and those who did not, and the perfonnance of

the evacuation system.

Emergency Response Technologies and

Guidelines; Project Leader: Mr. J. Randall

Lawson

Document the activities of the emergency responders from the time

of the terrorist attacks on WTC 1 and WTC 2 until the collapse of

WTC 7. including practices followed and technologies used.

xiv NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Preface

NIST WTC Investigation Projects

Nisr

Figure P-1. The eight projects in the federal building and fire safety

investigation of the WTC disaster.

National Construction Safety Team Advisory Committee

The NIST Director also established an advisory committee as mandated under the National Construction

Safety Team Act. The initial members of the committee were appointed following a public solicitation. These were:

• Paul Fitzgerald, Executive Vice President (retired) FM Global, National Construction Safety

Team Advisory Committee Chair

• John Barsom, President, Barsom Consulting, Ltd.

• John Bryan, Professor Emeritus, University of Maryland

• David Collins, President, The Preview Group, Inc.

• Glenn Corbett, Professor, John Jay College of Criminal Justice

• Philip DiNenno, President, Hughes Associates, Inc.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation XV
Preface

• Robert Hanson, Professor Emeritus, University of Michigan

• Charles Thornton, Co-Chairman and Managing Principal, The Thomton-Tomasetti Group,

Inc.

• Kathleen Tiemey, Director, Natural Hazards Research and Applications Infonnation Center,

University of Colorado at Boulder

• Fonnan Williams, Director, Center for Energy Research, University of California at San

Diego

This National Construction Safety Team Advisory Committee provided technical advice during the

Investigation and commentary on drafts of the Investigation reports prior to their public release. NIST

has benefited from the work of many people in the preparation of these reports, including the National

Construction Safety Team Advisory Committee. The content of the reports and recommendations,

however, are solely the responsibility of NIST.

Public Outreach

During the course of this Investigation, NIST held public briefings and meetings (listed in Table P-2) to

solicit input from the public, present preliminary findings, and obtain comments on the direction and

progress of the Investigation from the public and the Advisory Committee.

NIST maintained a publicly accessible Web site during this Investigation at http://wtc.nist.gov. The site contained extensive information on the background and progress of the Investigation.

NIST's WTC Public-Private Response Plan

The collapse of the WTC buildings has led to broad reexamination of how tall buildings are designed,

constructed, maintained, and used, especially with regard to major events such as fires, natural disasters,

and terrorist attacks. Reflecting the enhanced interest in effecting necessary change, NIST, with support

from Congress and the Administration, has put in place a program, the goal of which is to develop and

implement the standards, technology, and practices needed for cost-effective improvements to the safety

and security of buildings and building occupants, including evacuation, emergency response procedures,

and threat mitigation.

The strategy to meet this goal is a tliree-part NIST-led public-private response program that includes:

• A federal building and fire safety investigation to study the most probable factors that contributed to post-aircraft impact collapse of the WTC towers and the 47-story WTC 7

building, and the associated evacuation and emergency response experience.

• A research and development (R&D) program to (a) facilitate the implementation of

recommendations resulting from the WTC Investigation, and (b) provide the technical basis

for cost-effective improvements to national building and fire codes, standards, and pracdces

that enhance the safety of buildings, their occupants, and emergency responders.

XVI NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation
Preface

Table P-2. Public meetings and briefings of the WTC Investigation.

Date Location Principal Agenda

June 24. 2002 New York City, NY Public meeting: Public comments on the Draft Plan for the pending WTC Investigation.

August 21. 2002 Gaithersburg, MD Media briefing announcing the formal start of the Investigation.

December 9, 2002 Washinston, DC Media bnefin" on release of the Piihlir I Indntp and NIST renuest

for photographs and videos. April 8. 2003 New York City, NY Joint public forum with Columbia University on first-person interviews. April 29-30. 2003 Gaithersburg, MD NCST Advisory Committee meeting on plan for and progress on WTC Investigation with a public comment session. May 7. 2003 New York Cit>', NY Media briefing on release of May 2003 Progress Report.

August ''6-"'7 "'003 Nil 1 > \_ ST1 li- Anvi^nrv (^nmmittpp V^\Jliliilill^^ilJCCllil^VJlliMCllUd^'l mpptincr nn QtatiiQ f>f ifip lilt W^Tf^ VV IV^ investigation w ith a public comment session. September 17. 2003 New York City, NY Media and public briefing on initiation of first-person data

pnllpctinn nrnipptQ

Deremher ''—3 ''OOi N]i IN AH\'icr\r\/ 1 r^mrnittRf^ iTi(=»i=>tiTi cr r\r\ ct^tiic iinri imtii^l rpciiifc V, o 1 Avu \ ioUl y ui 1111 11 1 ICC nice 1 111^ uii oiaius ctiiu iiiiiiai icouiij* and release of the Public Update with a public comment session. February 12, 2004 New York City, NY Public meeting on progress and preliminary findings with public

LUIIUIICHIl) Ull ir>;>UC?» lU UC CUlljlUCl CU lll lUl lllUlallll^ lillal recommendations.

New York' Citv NY JVltvJKl/lJLlL'llV- UllCilli&I, yjii 1 ClCClaC \jV U It f IL ^IfyJ^ 1 f 1/ i^f L J\L IJIJ f I

June 22-23. 2004 Gaithersburg, MD NCST Advisory Committee meeting on the status of and

nrpliminfirv YJi^miniicn flnHTntT^; frn'm tVip \A/T^^ Invp^ticratinn witn 3 niinlip y

iiiiuiii^o ii^Jiii vv i v_ xii vtoii^ciiiv,'!! wiiii ci comment session. August 24. 2004 Northbrook, IL Public viewing of standard fire resistance test of WTC floor

<iv<itpm at I InHprwritPTQ T Jihnrjitorip^ \v\c October 19-20. 2004 Gaithersburg, MD NCST Advisory Committee meeting on status and near complete

set of preliminary findings with a public comment session. xNovember 11, 2004 Gaithersburg, MD NCST Advisory Committee discussion on draft annual report to Congress, a public coinment session, and a closed session to

Hicfiic*; nrp-Hr^iTt rpr*r\mmi=*nnt^1ir\nc Tr\r \A/Ti ln\/pcf iCTQlir\n VJloLUoo Ul C Ul u,l I 1 CV_ VJll ill 1C11UU.L]L/Iid 1 KJl VV 1V_ lllVC o 11 L,Cl II Wll. April 5, 2005 New York City, NY Media and public briefing on release of the probable collapse

cpoiipnr'P Tr^T" tnp W/Tl' toM/prc QnH HriiTt rf=*r\r\i^c Tr\r trip nroipr^tc r\n J>CIJ UCIILC lUl II IC VV 1 \^ lU VV CI o dllU Lll all 1 CUUl lo 1 XJl 11 IC Ul UJCC l^i Llll codes and practices, evacuation, and emergency response. June 23. 2005 New York City, NY Media and public briefing on release of all draft reports for the WTC towers and draft recommendations for public comment.

September 12-13,

2005

Gaithersburg, MD NCST Advisory Committee meeting on disposition of public

comments and update to draft reports for the WTC towers. September 13-15,

2005

Gaithersburg, MD WTC Technical Conference for stakeholders and technical community for dissemination of findings and recommendations

and opportunity for public to make technical comments.

• A dissemination and technical assistance program (DTAP) to (a) engage leaders of the

construction and building community in ensuring timely adoption and widespread use of

proposed changes to practices, standards, and codes resulting from the WTC Investigation

and the R&D program, and (b) provide practical guidance and tools to better prepare facility owners, contractors, architects, engineers, emergency responders, and regulatory authorities

to respond to future disasters. The desired outcomes are to make buildings, occupants, and first responders safer in future disaster events.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation xvn
Preface

National Construction Safety Team Reports on the WTC Investigation

A final report on the collapse of the WTC towers is being issued as NIST NCSTAR 1 . A companion

report on the collapse of WTC 7 is being issued as NIST NCSTAR 1 A. The present report is one of a set that provides more detailed documentation of the Investigation findings and the means by which these

technical results were achieved. As such, it is part of the archival record of this Investigation. The titles of the full set of Investigation publications are:

NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster: Final Report on the Collapse of the World Trade

Center Towers. NIST NCSTAR 1 . Gaithersburg, MD, September.

NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). 2006. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Final Report on the Collapse of World Trade Center 7. NISTNCSTAR 1 A. Gaithersburg, MD.

Lew, H. S., R. W. Bukowski, and N. J. Carino. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of

the World Trade Center Disaster: Design. Construction, and Maintenance ofStructural and Life Safety

Systems. NIST NCSTAR 1-1 . National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

Fanella, D. A., A. T. Derecho, and S. K. Ghosh. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster: Design and Construction ofStructural Systems.

NIST NCSTAR 1-1 A. National Institute of Standards and Teclinology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

Ghosh, S. K., and X. Liang. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safely Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Comparison ofBuilding Code Structural Requirements. NIST

NCSTAR 1-lB. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Fanella, D. A., A. T. Derecho, and S. K. Ghosh. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Maintenance and Modifications to Structural

Systems. NIST NCSTAR 1-lC. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg,

MD, September.

Grill, R. A., and D. A. Johnson. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Fire Protection and Life Safety Provisions Applied to the Design and

Construction of World Trade Center 1, 2, and 7 and Post-Construction Provisions Applied after Occupancy. NIST NCSTAR 1-lD. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg,

MD, September.

Razza, J. C, and R. A. Grill. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safet}' Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Comparison of Codes, Standards, and Practices in Use at the Time ofthe

Design and Construction of World Trade Center I, 2, and 7. NIST NCSTAR 1-lE. National

Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Grill, R. A., D. A. Johnson, and D. A. Fanella. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Comparison ofthe 1968 and Current (2003) New

xvni NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Preface

York City Building Code Provisions. NIST NCSTAR 1 - IF. National Institute of Standards and

Technology. Gaithersburg. MD. September.

Grill, R. A., and D. A. Johnson. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Amendments to the Fire Protection and Life Safety Provisions ofthe New

York City Building Code by Local Laws Adopted While World Trade Center 1, 2, and 7 Were in Use. NIST NCSTAR 1-lG. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

Grill. R. A., and D. A. Johnson. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Post-Constniction Modifications to Fire Protection and Life Safety Systems

of World Trade Center I and 2. NIST NCSTAR 1 - 1 H. National Institute of Standards and

Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Grill, R. A.. D. A. Johnson, and D. A. Fanella. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation

ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Post-Construction Modifications to Fire Protection, Life

Safety, and Structural Systems of World Trade Center 7. NIST NCSTAR l-ll. National Institute of

Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Grill, R. A., and D. A. Johnson. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Design, Installation, and Operation ofFuel System for Emergency Power in World Trade Center 7. NIST NCSTAR 1-1 J. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Sadek, F. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster:

Baseline Structural Performance and Aircraft Impact Damage Analysis ofthe World Trade Center

Towers. NIST NCSTAR 1-2. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

Faschan, W. J., and R. B. Garlock. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe

World Trade Center Disaster: Reference Structural Models and Baseline Performance Analysis of

the World Trade Center Towers. NIST NCSTAR 1-2 A. National Institute of Standards and

Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Kirkpatrick, S. W., R. T. Bocchieri, F. Sadek, R. A. MacNeill, S. Holmes, B. D. Peterson,

R. W. Cilke, C. Navarro. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade

Center Disaster: Analysis ofAircraft Impacts into the World Trade Center Towers, NIST

NCSTAR 1-2B. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Gayle, F. W., R. J. Fields, W. E. Luecke, S. W. Banovic, T. Foecke, C. N. McCowan, T. A. Siewert, and

J. D. McColskey. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center

Disaster: Mechanical and Metallurgical Analysis ofStmctural Steel. NIST NCSTAR 1-3. National

Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Luecke, W. E., T. A. Siewert, and F. W. Gayle. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Contemporaneous Structural Steel

Specifications. NIST Special Publication 1-3A. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Gaithersburg, MD, September.

NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation XIX
Preface

Banovic, S. W. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center

Disaster: Steel Inventoiy and Identification. NIST NCSTAR 1-3B. National Institute of Standards

and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Banovic, S. W., and T. Foecke. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World

Trade Center Disaster: Damage and Failure Modes ofStructural Steel Components. NIST

NCSTAR 1-3C. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Luecke, W. E., J. D. McColskey, C. N. McCowan, S. W. Banovic, R. J. Fields. T. Foecke,

T. A. Siewert, and F. W. Gayle. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Mechanical Properties ofStructural Steels. NIST NCSTAR 1-3D.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Banovic, S. W., C. N. McCowan, and W. E. Luecke. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Physical Properties ofStructural Steels. NIST

NCSTAR 1-3E. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Evans, D. D., R. D. Peacock, E. D. Kuligowski, W. S. Dols, and W. L. Grosshandler. 2005. Federal

Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Active Fire Protection

Systems. NIST NCSTAR 1-4. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

Kuligowski, E. D., D. D. Evans, and R. D. Peacock. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster: Post-Construction Fires Prior to September II, 2001. NIST NCSTAR 1-4A. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

Hopkins, M., J. Schoenrock, and E. Budnick. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation

ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Fire Suppression Systems. NIST NCSTAR 1-4B. National

Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Keough, R. J., and R. A. Grill. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Fire Alarm Systems. NIST NCSTAR 1-4C. National Institute of Standards

and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Ferreira, M. J., and S. M. Strege. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe

World Trade Center Disaster: Smoke Management Systefus. NIST NCSTAR 1-4D. National

Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Gann, R. G., A. Hamins, K. B. McGrattan, G. W. Mulholland, H. E. Nelson, T. J. Ohlemiller,

W. M. Pitts, and K. R. Prasad. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade

Center Disaster: Reconstruction ofthe Fires in the World Trade Center Towers. NIST NCSTAR 1-5. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Pitts, W. M., K. M. Butler, and V. Junker. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of

the World Trade Center Disaster: Visual Evidence, Damage Estimates, and Timeline Analysis.

NIST NCSTAR 1-5 A. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

XX NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Preface

Hamins. A., A. Maranghides, K. B. McGrattan, E. Jolinsson, T. J. Ohlemiller, M. Donnelly,

J. Yang. G. Mulholland, K. R. Prasad. S. Kukuck. R. Anleitner and T. McAllister. 2005. Federal

Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Experiments and

Modeling ofStructural Steel Elements Exposed to Fire. NIST NCSTAR 1-5B. National Institute of

Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Ohlemiller, T. J., G. W. Mulholland, A. Maranghides, J. J. Filliben, and R. G. Gann. 2005. Federal

Building and Fire Safety' Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Fire Tests ofSingle

Office Workstations. NIST NCSTAR 1-5C. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Gann, R. G.. M. A. Riley, J. M. Repp, A. S. Whittaker, A. M. Reinhom, and P. A. Hough. 2005.

Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Reaction of

Ceiling Tile Systems to Shocks. NIST NCSTAR 1-5D. National Institute of Standards and

Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Hamins. A.. A. Maranghides, K. B. McGrattan, T. J. Ohlemiller, and R. Anleitner. 2005. Federal

Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Experiments and

Modeling ofMultiple Workstations Burning in a Compartment. NIST NCSTAR 1-5E. National

Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

McGrattan, K. B., C. Bouldin, and G. Forney. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety

Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Computer Simulation of the Fires in the World

Trade Center Towers. NIST NCSTAR 1-5F. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Prasad, K. R., and H. R. Baum. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Fire Structure Interface and Thermal Response ofthe World Trade Center

Towers. NIST NCSTAR 1-5G. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg,

MD, September.

Gross, J. L., and T. McAllister. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade

Center Disaster: Structural Fire Response and Probable Collapse Sequence ofthe World Trade Center

Towers. NIST NCSTAR 1-6. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD,

September.

Carino, N. J., M. A. Stames, J. L. Gross, J. C. Yang, S. Kukuck, K. R. Prasad, and R. W. Bukowski.

2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Passive

Fire Protection. NIST NCSTAR 1-6A. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Gross, J., F. Hervey, M. Izydorek, J. Mammoser, and J. Treadway. 2005. Federal Building and

Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Fire Resistance Tests ofFloor Truss

Systems. NIST NCSTAR 1-6B. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg,

MD, September.

Zarghamee, M. S., S. Bolourchi, D. W. Eggers, O. O. Erbay, F. W. Kan, Y. Kitane, A. A. Liepins,

M. Mudlock, W. I. Naguib, R. P. Ojdrovic, A. T. Sarawit, P. R Barrett, J. L. Gross, and

NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation XXI
Preface

T. P. McAllister. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center

Disaster: Component, Connection, and Subsystem Structural Analysis. NISTNCSTAR 1-6C.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Zarghamee, M. S., Y. Kitane, O. O. Erbay, T. P. McAllister, and J. L. Gross. 2005. Federal

Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center Disaster: Global Structural

Analysis of the Response ofthe World Trade Center Towers to Impact Damage and Fire. NIST

NCSTAR 1-6D. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

McAllister, T., R. W. Bukowski, R. G. Gann, J. L. Gross, K. B. McGrattan, H. E. Nelson, L. Phan,

W. M. Pitts, K. R. Prasad, F. Sadek. 2006. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: Structural Fire Response and Probable Collapse Sequence of World Trade

Center?. (Provisional). NIST NCSTAR I -6E. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Gaithersburg, MD.

Gilsanz, R., V. Arbitrio, C. Anders, D. Chlebus, K. Ezzeldin, W. Guo, P. Moloney, A. Montalva,

J. Oh, K. Rubenacker. 2006. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade

Center Disaster: Structural Analysis ofthe Response of World Trade Center 7 to Debris Damage

and Fire. (Provisional). NIST NCSTAR 1-6F. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Gaithersburg, MD.

Kim, W. 2006. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center

Disaster: Analysis ofSeptember II, 2001, Seismogram Data. (Provisional). NIST NCSTAR I-6G.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD.

Nelson, K. 2006. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center

Disaster: The Con Ed Substation in World Trade Center 7. (Provisional). NIST NCSTAR 1-6H.

National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD.

Averill, J. D., D. S. Mileti, R. D. Peacock, E. D. Kuligowski, N. Groner, G. Proulx, P. A. Reneke, and

H. E. Nelson. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the World Trade Center Disaster:

Occupant Behavior, Egress, and Emergency Communication. NISTNCSTAR 1-7. National Institute of

Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Fahy, R., and G. Proulx. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade

Center Disaster: Analysis ofPublished Accounts of the World Trade Center Evacuation. NIST

NCSTAR 1-7A. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Zmud, J. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World Trade Center

Disaster: Technical Documentation for Sui-\>ey Administration. NISTNCSTAR 1-7B. National

Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

Lawson, J. R., and R. L. Vettori. 2005. Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation ofthe World

Trade Center Disaster: The Emergency Response Operations. NIST NCSTAR 1-8. National Institute of

Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD, September.

XXll NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Chapter 1 New York City Fire Department Records

Fires occurred in World Trade Center (WTC) 1, 2, and 7 prior to September 1 1, 2001. This report

documents the facts of significant fires in the buildings after first occupancy as they relate to the performance of the automatic sprinkler, manual suppression, fire detection, and smoke purge systems.

The ultimate goal of this review was to identify from New York City Fire Department (FDNY) records

significant but not well known fires for further study.

1.1 BACKGROUND

The fire protection engineering department of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

(PANYNJ) maintained records of all significant fire events in the WTC buildings. These records were

lost in the collapse of the towers.

Two significant fire events involving WTC 1 are well known. On February 14, 1975, a fire started on

floor 1 1 of WTC 1. Workers reported the fire to WTC police headquarters. When police reached the fire

floor, they reported a serious fire and ordered the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC)

system be placed into the smoke purge mode. Fire spread through unprotected floor openings in utility closets. Fire damage occurred on floor 10 through floor 19. Approximately 9,000 ft" (800 m") of the

floor 1 1 contents were destroyed or damaged. At that time, sprinklers had not been installed in the office spaces. However, fire barriers divided the floor into quadrants. The fire on floor 1 1 was confined to the

southeast quadrant. Fire damage on other floors was confined to the utility closets. The fire was

extinguished by the FDNY. More details about this fire incident can be found in Powers (1975) and

Lathrop (1975).

At 12:18 p.m. on February 26, 1993. a bomb exploded in an underground parking garage of the

WTC complex. The explosion occurred on the B2 level in the area of the garage under WTC 3 and

adjacent to WTC 1 . The explosion resulted in a loss of normal electric power in WTC 1 and WTC 2. HVAC systems shut down. Smoke spread throughout WTC 1 and to a lesser extent in WTC 2. More

details about this fire can be found in Isner and Klein (1993a, 1993b). The only historic record of smaller

fire incidents in WTC 1, 2, and 7 known to this investigation are the fire reports and fire investigation

reports prepared by the FDNY. These reports were provided to NIST by the FDNY for use in this Investigation.

1.2 FDNY FIRE REPORTS AND FIRE INVESTIGATION REPORTS

The FDNY released 397 Bureau of Operations Fire Reports and 1 12 Bureau of Fire Investigation Records

(Fire Marshals' Reports), which served as the basis for a summary of the fire history in WTC 1, 2, and 7. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) obtained reports of fires for the period of

1970-2001 and fire investigation records between 1977 and 2001 for WTC 1, 2, and 7, which in total, consisted of over 500 documents on which to report. These records included all responses to fires in WTC 1 , 2, and 7 by the FDNY. All of these records consist of standardized forms that may be

NIST NCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 1
Chapter 1

supplemented with other materials. Many were for minor fire events, such as fires that were extinguished

by occupants before FDNY arrival. These were not of interest for this investigation. The records of

significant fires were identified.

Significant fire incidents were those that exercised the fire suppression systems, specifically multiple

sprinklers or multiple standpipes (with or without the activation of at least one sprinkler). These fires will

be discussed individually, organized by the building in which they occurred. In addition to these fires,

generalized facts relating to those fires involving the use of one standpipe line and one sprinkler and the '

use of one standpipe line will be provided throughout this report. Appendixes A through H of this report

are explanation of numeric codes and reproductions of relevant fire reports. As an aside, the majority of

fire records for significant fires documented the performance of the detectors and sprinkler systems, but

almost all reports lacked information about the perfonnance of the smoke purge system.

1.2.1 Fire Record Forms

Depending upon the type and date of the incident, a specific fire report form was used by the FDNY to document the incident. For each type of emergency responded to by the FDNY, responders either

completed a fonn that would describe a structural fire (BF-24) or a foim that would describe any other

type of emergency (BF-25), such as a nonstructural fire, transportation fire, and/or any other nonfire

emergency. For this historical summary, only those events logged and organized under the structural fire fonn, 345 documents total, were of interest and used. A structural fire form is a one-page document

(unless additional information is recorded on separate sheets) that gives valuable information about the

fire event on various subjects, including;

• Alarm—the date and time of the received alarm

• Injuries and casualties—the numbers of each for the incident

• Extinguishment—details of the sprinkler and standpipe performance

• Ignition—infonnation on the equipment involved in ignition, the form of the ignition source,

the material type and form that was ignited, and the ignition factor (cause)

• Structure—information on the class of construction, the use of the building, and its status (vacant, occupied, under construction, etc.)

• Fire origin—the fire location and classification

• Fire extension—the means of fire extension and number of buildings/vehicles involved

• Damage—information on the damage done by flame, smoke, and water

• Detectors—the type, power source, and performance of the detectors in the fire area

Each subject of the incident is given a set of codes or numbers that correspond to any incident, and in order to read the fire records successfully, an understanding of the codes is necessary (see Appendixes A,

2 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
New York City Fire Department Records

B. and C). For the nonstructural B-25 record forms, the only fire-related subjects included are the injury

and casualty numbers, ignition, and structure infonnation.

Depending upon the date of the fire incident, certain infonnation is lacking from the structural fire fomi.

Before 1980, a different record form for structural fire incidents was used that left out the following

subjects: fire extension, damage, detectors, and portions of the ignition data. Because of this, detection

data are not available for the majority of the fires occurring before 1980.

1.2.2 Overview of Fire Incidents 1970-2001 from FDNY Records

Table 1-1 contains the categorization of all structural fire incidents contained in the FDNY records for WTC 1, 2, and 7 available to this investigation. The table contains infonnation on the category of fire incident (whether or not the detection and/or sprinkler systems activated), the time period over which the

fires occurred, the numbers of records in that category, and a descriptive statement about the category.

Table 1-1. Categorization of WTC 1,2, and 7 fires from FDNY records.

Category Dates Number Generalization of Incidents

WTC 1 No detection, no

sprinkler

1980-2001 66 Unattended food/appliances, overheated elevator equipment, discarded material, welding

operations, electrical failure and suspicious fires No detection information and no

sprinklers

1970-1979 79 Trash can fires, discarded material, food on stove,

electrical failure, overheated equipment

Detection, no sprinklers 1980-2000 57 Unattended food/appliances, overheated elevator equipment, discarded material, welding

operations, electrical failure

Detection and sprinklers 1977-1999 18 Suspicious, electrical failure, discarded material WTC 2

No detection, no

sprinkler

1980-1999 37 Discarded material, welding too close, overheated

equipment, suspicious, elevator motor

No detection information and no

sprinklers

1975-1979 40 Discarded material, fire in office furniture, trash can fires

Detection, no sprinklers 1981-1999 40 Food on stove, small elevator fire, electrical

failure, suspicious, overheated equipment

Detection and sprinklers 1977-2000 5 Mechanical failure, suspicious

WTC 7 No detection, no

sprinkler

2000 1 Trash can fire/discarded material

Detection, no .sprinklers 1990 1 Electrical switch on floor — explosion

Detection and sprinklers 1988 1 Suspicious

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 3
Chapter 1

All FDNY records provided to NIST, unless the records were not readable, contained relevant

infonnation about the type and performance of the suppression system. Because of this, reports of

incidents in which the sprinkler system activated can range from 1970 to 2001. When the table lists "[detection]" in brackets, this is meant to symbolize that either detection was present or no infonnation on

detector performance was included on the form (as is the case with the older records). An attempt was made to compare all investigation records with the fire reports, especially those which activated the

suppression system. Looking at the records in Table 1-1, it is clear that only 24 fires activated the

sprinkler system from 1970-2001 from all three buildings. Many of the other structural fires without

sprinkler activation were labeled as suspicious, trash can fires, electrical failures, unattended

food/appliances, or overheated equipment.

In order to report on significant structural fires occurring in WTC 1, 2, and 7, the FDNY records had to be

reviewed for those incidents that activated sprinklers, detectors, or were extinguished by hose line and

those smaller fires that self-extinguished or could be extinguished using a fire extinguisher. The

structural fire incidents without detection information (before 1980), had to be reviewed to locate any

fires that activated the sprinkler system. v

The retrofit installation of sprinklers into WTC buildings 1 and 2 was accomplished in two phases.

During the first phase in 1976, sprinkler risers/mains were installed throughout WTC 1 and WTC 2. Sprinklers were installed to protect corridors, storage rooms, lobbies, and certain tenant/PANYNJ spaces.

In the second phase of the retrofit from 1983 to 2001, sprinklers were installed in all remaining places in the complex (PACO 2002; shown in Appendix I). Prior to the retrofit, only the sub-grade areas and

selected hazard areas were protected by automatic sprinklers. This retrofit, proceeded throughout the

buildings as much as practical when other renovations of the office spaces were under way, such as when

change of tenants occurred.

After the installation of the sprinkler risers in 1976, tenants had the option of providing sprinklers or compartmentation for fire protection in compliance with Local Law 5. It was therefore possible that during the period of time when retrofit installation of sprinklers was under way, a fire that occurred may

or may not have been in an area protected by automatic sprinklers.

The fornis used by the FDNY after 1987 give a detailed description of the event and whether or not a system was present at the time of the fire; however, a fire recorded before 1987 will give data only on the

number of sprinklers opened. Because of this, an effort was made to look through all reports, especially

those that mentioned detection perfonnance, in order to identify fires involving the use of standpipe lines by the FDNY as an alternate indication of a significant fire.

The next section of the report will highlight significant fires occurring in WTC 1, 2, and 7. The

significant fires will be described individually by WTC building, and organized by the date on which they

occurred in the building. In addition to these significant fires, (1) the fires that activated one sprinkler

head and involved the use of one standpipe and (2) the fires that involved the use of only one standpipe,

due to the number of incidents, will be generalized as to the nature of the incidents and the procedures

followed by the FDNY.

4 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
New York City Fire Department Records

1.3 REFERENCES

Isner, M. S.. and T. J. Klem. 1993a. Explosion and fire disrupt World Trade Center. NFPA Journal

National Fire Protection Association. 91-104.

Isner. M. S., and T. J. Klem. 1993b. World Trade Center Explosion and Fire, New York, New York,

February' 26, 1993. Fire Investigation Report. National Fire Protection Association. Quincy, MA.

Lathrop. J. K. 1975. "World Trade Center fire. New York, New York." Fire Journal. July.

PACO Group. 2002. World Trade Center General Description ofAll Building Systems and the Capital

Progi-am. August.

Powers, W. R. 1975. One World Trade Center Fire, New York, NY., February 13, 1975. National Fire

Protection Association. Boston, MA. 1-15.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 5
Chapter 1

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6 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Chapter 2

Significant Fires in WTC 1,2, and 7

2.1 FIRE INCIDENTS OCCURRING IN WTC 1

After reviewing all the New York City Fire Department (FDNY) records of fire incidents in World Trade

Center 1 (WTC 1) since 1970, the significant fires were selected. There were 12 significant fires found

for WTC 1. and the fire reports are included in Appendix D. Table 2-1 provides a summary of the fire incident information from the FDNY records, which is followed by individual paragraphs about each

incident.

Table 2-1. Significant fires in WTC 1 extinguished by sprinklers and/or multiple

standpipe lines.

signiiicant FireIncident Date Fire Location

No. of Sprinklers

Acti> ated

No. of Standpipes

Used

Cause of

Fire Material Ignited

1 919111 B-6 level storage room 0 None listed Not listed

) 9 '23 77 Dumpster on B-4 level 0 Not classified Trash/waste

3 10/16/81 Floor 19 office area 2 Discarded

material

Furniture

4 12/23/83 2 dumpsters on B-4

level

2 Suspicious Trash/waste

5 1/27/85 Office space on mezzanine level (floor 2)2 Incendiary Trash/waste

6 9/10/85 Garbage dumpster in serv ice ele\'ator lobby on floor 43

2 Suspicious Trash/waste

11, 1/S5 Storage closet on B-4

le\el

3 Suspicious Supplies/stock

8 6/7/86 Dumpster fire on floor

1 06. compactor room

on floor 107

2 None listed Trash/waste

9 9/30/91 Office on B-4 level >1 2 Discarded

material

Trash/waste

10 1 1 19/91 Electrical closet on

floor 93

0 2 Short circuit Electrical wire or cable insulation

17/23/92 Level B-5 at the power

distribution panel

0 2 Electrical

failure

Electrical wire or cable insulation

12 1 1/10/99 Computer room on

floor 104

3 >1 None listed Plastics, electronic equip

Key: > symbol denotes that at least one of the units of the suppression system was used (and not specifically identified by the

fire report); - indicates that the report acknowledges 0 sprinklers open; however, due to the date of the fire, the space may not have had a sprinkler system installed.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 1
Chapter 2

Significant Fire #1

On September 9, 1977, at 1 1:04 p.m., the FDNY received an alarm for a fire in the B-6 level storage room

at the address of WTC 1. The fire activated two sprinklers, and was noted to be extinguished before the

FDNY' s arrival.

Significant Fire #2

Another fire occurred on September 23, 1977, at 1 1:48 p.m., in a dumpster on the B-4 level of WTC 1. This fire also activated two sprinklers, and the FDNY noted that the fire had been extinguished prior to

their arrival.

In both cases, no injuries or casualties resulted from these fires, and the damage was confined to the area of origin.

Significant Fire #3

Six years later, on October 16, 1981, at 7:12 p.m., a fire occurred on floor 19 of WTC 1. The FDNY

noted that they used two standpipe lines to extinguish the fire and that one person was evacuated from the scene. Again, the fire report notes that no sprinklers opened, but does not note whether or not sprinklers were present at the time of the fire. Given the date of the incident, sprinklers are not expected to be

located on floor 19. The fire was caused by discarded material and involved furniture in an office area of

the floor.

Significant Fire #4

Six years later on December 23, 1983, at 2:50 a.m., the FDNY responded to an alarm of fire and heavy

smoke conditions on the B-4 level of WTC 1. The FDNY found two dumpsters fully involved in separate

locations on the same floor and noted that the two activated sprinklers extinguished a major portion of the

fire. The FDNY extinguished the rest of the flames by stretching hose from the standpipe system. Again, no injuries or casualties resulted from this fire. The cause noted on the report was suspicious and the

damage was confined to the origin of the fire.

Significant Fire #5

On January 27, 1985, at 8:53 p.m., the FDNY was called for a fire located in an unoccupied office on the

mezzanine level of WTC 1. Two sprinklers contained the incendiary (involving arson) fire consuming

trash paper/waste. When the FDNY arrived, they extinguished the remaining fire with one standpipe line. Building and content damage was confined to less than 15 percent of the space. Also, no injuries or

casualties were reported.

Significant Fire #6

Eight months later on September 10, 1985, at 4:05 p.m., the Port Authority Police informed the FDNY on

arrival of a sprinkler flow and smoke condition on floor 43. A medium smoke condition was report by

the FDNY on floor 43, where a fire was extinguished by two sprinklers. The fire report notes the use of one standpipe line; however, this was used during the overhaul process. This fire originated suspiciously

in a garbage dumpster in a service elevator lobby. There was no building or content damage as well as no

injuries or casualties reported.

8 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1, 2, and 7

Significant Fire #7

On November 1, 1985, at 4:05 a.m., the FDNY was called for another suspicious fire producing heavy

smoke on the B-4 level under WTC 1 and WTC 2. This fire occurred in a storage closet of the men's

bathroom, and the FDNY noted that three sprinklers activated to keep the fire under control until their

arrival. Upon arrival, the FDNY extinguished the remaining fire in the closet area with one standpipe

line. Again, the damage was noted to be confined to the area of origin.

Significant Fire #8

Less than a year later, on June 7, 1986, at 9:49 a.m.. the FDNY received an alarm for a heavy smoke

condition on floor 110. For this call, fires were burning in two separate places: a garbage dumpster on

floor 106 and the compactor room on floor 107. Sprinklers were noted in operation in both locations and

seemed to control the fires, until the FDNY could complete extinguishment with one standpipe line on

floor 106. There was no report of injuries or casualties for the previous two fires.

Significant Fire #9

An additional fire occurred in WTC 1 where multiple standpipe lines were used along with the activation

of the sprinkler system. This fire occurred on September 30, 1991, at 6:32 p.m., in an office on the B-4

le\ el. The fire report noted that the sprinkler system operated; however, there is no mention of how many

sprinklers or even their activation in the Operations/Comments section of the report. Two 1 3/4 in. or

larger hose lines were used by the FDNY to extinguish this fire. The cause of the fire was abandoned

material (cigarette) igniting boxes/carton material in an office. The fire damage was confined to the area of origin and smoke damage was confined to the floor. There was one uniformed officer injured and no

civilian injuries or casualties.

Significant Fire #10

A fire occurred on November 19, 1991, at 6:27 p.m., and two 2 1/2 in. standpipe hose lines were used by

the FDNY. The FDNY responded to WTC 1 for this fire due to a report of fire and smoke condition in electrical closets on possibly four floors (floors 93-96) and an alarm transmitted from floors 93 through

98. According to the fire report, the sprinklers were in ser\'ice, but did not operate for this fire. The noted

cause of this fire was a short circuit and the material that was ignited was electrical wire or cable

insulation. The fire and smoke damage was confined to its area of origin (electrical closet). Two

occupants were removed from stalled elevators during this incident, and occupants were evacuated from

the scene, although an exact number is not given. Also, two occupants were injured and required first aid.

Significant Fire #1

The FDNY responded to WTC 1 on July 23, 1992, at 10:02 p.m., due to a transformer fire on the 5th

subbasement level. Firefighters found a fire situation in a large power distribution panel, where a

firefighter was knocked unconscious by a shock blast from the panel. Similar to the fire in November 1991, two 2 1/2 in. standpipe hose lines were used by the FDNY on this fire. The cause of the

fire was an electrical failure and the material ignited was electrical wire or cable insulation. No

appreciable damage is noted. As mentioned earlier, one firefighter was injured as well as three civilians.

Significant Fire #12

The final fire associated with WTC 1 was one that occurred on November 10, 1999, at 11:01 p.m., in a computer room on floor 104. The FDNY noted that the fire was "knocked down" by three sprinklers

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 9
Chapter 2

when they arrived and they completed extinguishment with a hne extended from the standpipe. The

flame damage was confined to the area of origin and computer equipment was involved in fueling the fire. There was one injury and no casualties reported in the FDNY record for this fire.

Table 2-1 presents the 12 significant fires in WTC 1. Five of the 12 fires occurred on the basement levels and two occurred on the upper levels (above floor 100). The causes of these significant fires include

suspicious, discarded materials, and electrical failures.

2.2 FIRE INCIDENTS OCCURRING IN WTC 2

Table 2-2 presents the significant fire occurring in WTC 2. There were three significant fires found for WTC 2, and the fire reports are included in Appendix E. Table 2-2 provides a summary of the fire incident infomiation from FDNY records, which is followed by individual paragraphs about each

incident.

Table 2-2. Significant fires in WTC 2 extinguished by sprinklers and/or multiple

standpipe lines.

Significant

Fire

Incident

Date Fire Location

Number of

Sprinlilers

Activated

Number of

Standpipes

Used

Cause of

Fire

Material

Ignited

1 5/19/75 Floor 32 3 Incendiary Trash/waste

2 4/12/77 Ductwork over

grill in restaurant on

floor 107

2 0 None listed Ductwork

3 3/22/93 Fan motor room

on floor 108

2 0 Mechanical

failure Notclassified Key: - Indicates that the report acknowledges 0 sprinklers open; however, due the date of the fire, the space may not have had

a sprinkler system installed.

Significant Fire #1

A fire occurred on May 19, 1975, at 9:38 p.m., on floor 32 of WTC 2. The FDNY noted that they used

three standpipe lines to extinguish the fire and that the Port Authority reported occupants trapped on

floors 3 1 and 32. The fire report notes that no sprinklers opened, but does not note whether or not

sprinklers were present at the time of the fire. Given the date of the incident, sprinklers are not expected

to be located on floors 3 1 and 32. The fire was labeled as incendiary and involved trash/waste. The

FDNY stated that the fire involved the core area of the floor and was confined to that area. More than

20 people (civilians and uniformed personnel) were injured by this incident.

Significant Fire #2

On April 4, 1977, at 1:15 p.m., the FDNY was called to WTC 2 for a fire in the ductwork over the grills

in a restaurant on floor 107. The FDNY record on this fire noted that the fire was extinguished prior to its

arrival. The damage was confined to the area of origin, and the fire caused no injuries or casualties.

Significant Fire #3

The second fire occurred on March 22, 1993, at 8:39 a.m., and caused a smoke condition on floor 108.

The fire activated two sprinklers due to an overheated bearing in a fan motor room on floor 108. The

10 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1, 2. and 7

damage to the area did not exceed 15 percent of the space, and there were no injuries or casualties

reported.

Table 2-2 presents the three significant fires in WTC 2. No fires were discovered in WTC 2 where

multiple sprinklers or standpipes were used with another suppression system. Two of the three fires occurred on the upper levels (above floor 100) and the other occurred on floor 32. The causes of these

significant fires included incendiary and mechanical failures.

2.3 ADDITIONAL FIRES INVOLVING DEPLOYMENT OF STANDPIPE LINES

IN WTC 1 AND WTC 2

The fires described in this section (31 in total) involve the use of one standpipe, with and without the

activation of one sprinkler for WTC 1 and WTC 2. Four of the 3 1 reports describe fires that were

extinguished with one sprinkler and one standpipe line (see Appendix F). Three of these fires were

located in WTC 1 between the years of 1986-1991 and the other in WTC 2 in 1981 . Two of these fires occurred in basement levels, one occurred on floor 106 of WTC 1, and the last on floor 5 in WTC 1. hi some of the fire reports, the FDNY noted that the sprinkler controlled the fire, and the standpipe was used

to actually extinguish the remaining fire. Half of the fires were labeled as incendiary/suspicious, one was

an electrical failure, and the last was unknown.

In addition, 27 of the 31 fire reports describe fires that were extinguished using one standpipe line (see

Appendix G). Twenty of these fires occurred in WTC 1 and the other seven occurred in WTC 2. A

majority of these fires (19) are labeled as incendiary/suspicious or unknown, while the other causes of the

fires are attributed to short circuits, abandoned material/cigarette, welding close to combustibles, and a mechanical failure. The dates of occurrence for these fires range from 1973-1999, with a majority (23)

occurring between the years of 1973-1985. These fire incidents did not result in any casuahies, but five

civilians and one uniformed officer were injured.

Two of the 27 fires mvolved a 300-person (April 19, 1980) and a 1,500-person (April 17, 1981)

evacuation. These will be described in further detail. On April 19, 1980, at 2:06 p.m., the FDNY

received reports of an activated smoke detector in the return air duct on floor 106 of WTC 1 . The FDNY

also received reports of heavy smoke on floor 106, light smoke on floor 109, and heavy odor of smoke in stairu'ays A and B. The report notes that while only one standpipe was used, approximately 300 people were evacuated from the Windows on the World restaurant on floor 107 via stairway C (which was clear

of smoke). The fire cause was labeled as abandoned or discarded material and involved plastic material.

This fire did not cause any injuries or casualties.

On April 17, 1 98 1 , at 9: 1 8 a.m., the FDNY was informed of a fire on floor 7 and a smoke condition on

floors 7 through 1 1 of WTC 1 . The FDNY hooked up one standpipe and extinguished the fire located in an air conditioning unit in the "MER" room on floor 7. The cause of this fire was labeled as a mechanical

failure. The fire report notes that the Port Authority personnel reported an evacuation of approximately

1,500 people from floors 9 through 23. However, no injuries or casualties were reported from this fire.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 11
Chapter 2

2.4 FIRE INCIDENTS OCCURRING IN WTC 7

Table 2-3 presents the significant fire occurring in WTC 7. There was one significant fire found for WTC 7, and the fire report is included in Appendix H. Table 2-3 provides a summary of the fire incident

information from FDNY records, which is followed by an individual paragraph on the incident.

Table 2-3. Significant fires in WTC 7 extinguished by sprinklers and/or multiple

standpipe lines.

Significant Fire

Incident Date Fire Location

Number of Sprinklers

Activated

Number of Standpipes

Used Cause of Fire

Material

ignited

1 5/20/88 Construction shanties on floor 3Multiple,

number not

listed

1 Suspicious Shanties

Significant Fire #1

hi WTC 7, a fire occurred on May 20, 1988, at 12:38 a.m., in the construction shanties on floor 3. Although the fire report does not specifically note the number of sprinklers that activated, the operations

notes state that Ladder Truck 10 found the sprinklers (noting more than one) in operation and shut them

down. The FDNY had to complete the extinguishment by stretching a line from the standpipe to the fire source. This fire is noted by the report as being suspicious in nature and the flame damage was confined

to the area of origin.

It is possible that the fire incidents that were not specifically highlighted, especially those in the areas without sprinklers, involved other methods of extinguishment before FDNY arrival, such as a WTC

houseline (pre-connected standpipe hose), hand extinguisher, or bucket of water, as noted on some of the

FDNY reports. All other fires, the majority, included in other categories were either self-extinguished,

extinguished prior to FDNY arrival (by staff, etc.), or a hand extinguisher was used by the FDNY.

2.5 SUMMARY

In summary, 16 significant fires occurred in WTC 1, 2, and 7, with 12 occurring in WTC 1, three in WTC 2, and one in WTC 7. In addition to these, 31 fires occurred in WTC 1 and WTC 2, which involved

the use of one standpipe (with or without the activation of one sprinkler). Of these additional 31 fires,

23 occurred in WTC 1 and eight occurred in WTC 2. The following paragraphs will summarize findings

from the 16 significant fires that occuiTcd in all three buildings.

After reviewing the 16 significant fires, trends developed relating to the time of day that the fires occurred. Overall, 12 of the 16 fires occurred between the hours of 6 p.m. and 4 a.m. The fires that occurred during office hours (between 7 a.m. and 6 p.m.) included a dumpster fire in the floor 43 elevator

lobby (WTC 1), a dumpster fire on floor 106 (WTC 1), a kitchen fire on floor 107 (WTC 2), and a bearing

overheating in the fan motor room on floor 108 (WTC 2). Almost all of the incendiary (arson) and

suspicious fires (5 out of 6 fires) and unclassified or unlisted fires (4 out of 5 fires) occurred after business

hours (before 7 a.m. and after 6 p.m.).

12 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1, 2, and 7

In addition to the time of day of the fire, trends in the cause of the fire and the materials involved in the

fire can be highlighted. Of the 1 6 fires and their causes, five were labeled as unlisted or unclassified, six as suspicious or incendiar>'. two as discarded material, and three as an electrical failure or mechanical

failure. For the material involved in the fire, eight reports noted trash, waste, and supplies; two reported

not listed or not classified; one reported furniture; three reported electrical equipment; one reported duct

work; and one reported shanties were the material involved in the fire.

Lastly, the location of the fires throughout the buildings was of interest. Of the 16 fires, 4 fires were

concentrated abox e floor 100 and 6 fires were located in the basement. The others (six fires) were spread

throughout the rest of the building.

2.6 ATTACHMENTS TO THIS FIRE HISTORY

Appendixes A through H are included as supplements to this report. The first tliree sections.

Appendixes A through C. are explanations of the numeric codes used in the fire reports by the FDNY.

Appendix A is included to explain the codes for the fire reports produced prior to and including 1980,

Appendix B is included to explain the fire reports produced from 1981 to May 31, 1987, and Appendix C

is included to explain the fire reports produced from June 1, 1987, to the present. The report code

explanations are divided into the same sections as the fire report and give short descriptions for the

numbers used in the fire report under each section. For example, if the ignition factor for a fire occurring

in 1 990 was given a number code of 54, the reader can find that the cause of the fire was a "short circuit,

ground fault."

Appendixes D through H are reproductions of the actual fire reports produced by the FDNY on the

significant fires highlighted in the sections above. The reader can use Appendixes A through C

(depending upon the date of the fire) to read the fire reports in more detail than what is provided in this

fire history report.

2.7 CONCLUSIONS

From the information contained in FDNY fire reports and fire investigation records provided to NIST,

47 fires occurred in WTC 1, 2, and 7 that were of sufficient size and duration to activate multiple

sprinklers or were estimated by NIST to be capable of doing so, over the time period the buildings were

occupied. This total does not include the major 1975 office fire in WTC I or the 1993 bombing.

The records indicate that in areas protected by automatic sprinklers, no fire activated more than

three sprinklers. Three sprinklers would provide coverage for a floor area of approximately 675 ft' (63 m"). This area is much smaller than the 9,000 ft" (800 m") damaged by the 1975 fire in an office

space unprotected with automatic sprinklers.

Many of the fires that occurred were recorded as suspicious or unknown in cause, occurred during off- peak work hours, and involved materials such as trash or paper-based supplies. In cases where sprinklers were activ ated, the FDNY records indicated that the sprinklers either extinguished the fire completely or aided in controlling the spread.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 13
Chapter 2

\

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14 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix A

Explanation of Numeric Codes Prior to 1980

Explanation of Numeric Codes Used on Fire and Emergency Reports -

Prior to 1980

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 15
Appendix A

OLASSIFICATIOM OF BOILOIMG

BY OSECOKMEBCIM.

01 BonJc 02 Brtrwery 03 Coal Pocket

Ot Oeparloenc store

05 Electric Power Plant

OG Factory;Multi oscnpancy

07 Factory J Single

Occttpancy 06 Foundry

09 Freight Depot

10 Garage: Hon-Storage

11 ' " Storage

12 Saa Uorks

13 LuaOoer Tard

14 Motor Vehicle Repair

Shop

15 Office Building

Ifi Oil Selling Station

17 Oil Storage Plant

18 Pier, Wharve, Dock, Bulkhead Building

19 Restaurant. Diner

20 Shed« Newsstand* Shanty

31 Shipyard, Drydock

22 Stable

23 Steaa Generating

plant

34 Store Building, Taxpayer

35 Marehou&e, Store- house

26 Store Building i. Private DKelling

39 Other CojuBwrcial vmt,zc

id Mrport Bullying

41 A»ylur>

42 BrxUge

43 Bus Teminal

44 Church. Synagogue

45 Dance Hall, Banquet Hall

46 Dispensary, Clinic

47 Ferry Teraiinal Covernncnt Buildiikg (Mot othcrvise classified) .- 48 City

49 Intersate

iO Federal

51 Foreign

52 State

53 Hospital. Infirmary

54 Xursing Hone

55 Railroad Station

56 School I College,

University

57 • Private High

58 " Public High

59 * Public Junior High

60 * Private Ele- mentary

61 School: Public

Eloeentary

62 • Children's

HMrsery

63 • Other

64 Television S*'idio

6 5 Theatre, LcgitiBate

66 Theatre, Motion

Picture

67 Transit System - Station Structure

68 Tunnel

69 Other Public

KESIO£WTI»I.

80 Apartment Hotel "A*

81 Apartaicnt House "A" 82 Boarding House, Roob

ing Houf. c " D" 83 Convent, Rectory, Monastery, etc.

84 Dormitory-School

Club, bodge

85 Hotel "B"

86 liodging Douse *B*

87 Hotel

88 Pvt. Dwelling: 1 Family

89 " •Puo Family

90 Tcneaentt New Law *A* 91 • Old I,aw -A" 92 Converted Dwelling "A*

99- Other Residential

BJILDIWC STATUS

1 Occupied

2 Partly Occupied,

Good Condition

3 Partly Occpuied, De- teriorating

4 Vacant

5 Under Denolition

6 tender Construction

OiWGElto'auildiJig or Contents )

0 Kone-No Appreciable

1 Light 0-1 5«

2 Hediua 16»-49%

3 Heavy 50 4 * Greater

AJtEA FIBE OSGm -FLOOP.

00 OuUliU »iiilUUng 01 Isc rloor

to

94 Mth and Ml'gber 95 Attic

9« naot

97 Baxaamt

*C Cellar

S9 Soh-oaiur

fJgEA FIRE 0RGr:<-ROOW OR -AREA

10 Area Cot In Building

11 Attic

12 Awning

13 Balcony

14 Basm«>t

15 Bathroosi Toilet

16 Bedroon, Sleeping

Area - 17 Ceiling

18 Cellar

19 Chimey

20 Class rooot Lecture Area

21 ClCHWt 22 Cockloft

23 Court-Exterior

24 Court-Interior

2^ Dining Room, Dining Area

26 Duct-Air Conditioning

27 Duct-ExHaust

28 Flooring

29 Furnacre Room

30 Hallway-Private

31 Hallway-Poblic

32 Incinerator CI set . or Room

33 Kitchen, Cooking

Area

(2)

34 Living Rooo

35 Lobby

36 Kachinery Rood' 37 Office Area

38 Operating Laboratory

Area

39 Partition

40 Porch

41 Projection Booth

42 Recreation Area 43 Doof Sales Showroofs Display Area

45 ShaJt-Duct, Pipe

46 Shaft-Qunbwsi ter

47 Shaft-Eleva tor 4B Shaft-Exterior Light

49 Shaft- Interior Light

50 Shaft-Vent

51 Shipping Receiving

Loading Area

S2 Stage

53 Stairway

54 Storage Roofs Area

55 Vacant-Roo«, Apartment or area

56 Hork Area Horkrocm

57 Other Areas, Kot

Classified (State

area) AREA FIRE ORIGtU-OCCUPAHCY

CLASSIFICATION COMMERCIAL

Factory t 00 Cheaicals

Clothing:

01 Dresses

02 Ondergarment

03 Other (State Type)

04 Dry Cleaning Laundry

65 Electrical Pro<5ucta

06 Food 4 Drink Pro-lucta 07 Furniture

08 Furs, Fur Goods

Rats:

09 Men ' s 10 Woaen's

11 Leather, Leather Products

12 Machine shop netal works

13 Paints

14 Paper Products

15 ?etroleua Products

16 Plastics, Rubber

17 PrlhtlngfcAllied Ind- ustries

18 Shoes

19 Texti le«

20 Toy or Doll

21 Woodworking

22 Other Factories not classified (state type) Store:

23 Auto Aoccsaories

24 Bai>.<:ry 25 Butcher

26 CandV, Cigar, Stationery

27 Clothing

28 Dcfartiw^nt, large

29 Oepartnent, snail (5&10) 30 Dry Cleaner 4 Tailor

31 Drug

32 electrical Appliances

3 3 Fruit i Vegetables

34 Furniture

35 Grocery , Dairy , Deli- catessen

36 Haberd*ehery

37 l,adies Accessories

38 Laundry

39 Paint Hardwa.-e

16 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Explanation of Numeric Codes Prior to 1980

40 RestAiraant Luncheonette 4X Shoe

4 2 Shoe Repair

43 Super Marlue* 44 Tai^m

4 5 Other Store* nor

class if ieilstate

type)

Garages

46 Non Storage

47 Storage

48 Oil Selling Station

49 Motor Vehicle Re- pair Shop

50 Office Building

Warehouse

51 ril»

52 Paper, llags^ribre 53 Other (state type) 54 Freight Depot 55 Pier

5fi Shipyard

57 Laaiier Yard

58 Shed, Newstaxid, Shanty, etc. 59 Other Coinnwi icial Building Occupancies, not classified (state

type)

RgSIDEHTIM,

60 Apart»ent Hotel,

Multiple DMclling-A"

81 Apartment Hoose, Multiple Dwelling "A" £2 Boarding Honse , Rooaing House Multiple

Dwelling *•* 63 Hotel, Jtultxple

DMelling "B* (4 Lodging Eocse.M-jltiple Dwelling'B"

65 Private Duelling 66 Rectory , Convent

Monastery

67 Tenenent Haass, Mew L«w, (talti- ple Dwelliay *A* 6B Teneannt House, Old

Law, Hultip&e

Dwelling

69 Gtlier Resideatial, not classilied

(state type) PUBLIC

70 Mrport

71 Caltaret, Ramriet Ball

72 Churcb

73 Dance Ball

74 Boapital

75 Motion Pictwe

Theatre

7C a.T. Transit

Sya te»-S tation

77 Passenger De^t

7« School

7f Theatre

to T.V. Studio

II Otlter Public, not claaslfied Istate

type)

09 Shaft-Air, Light,

Cba-tejOuct, etc.

10 Ceiling

11 Window

12 Other (state hoM)- CIASSIFICATICW BY TYPE FIRE

OR EMERGEWCY TH-WSPORTATIOM PItES

87 Ship, Vessel

as 1*3 tor Vehicle

89 Other Transportation

(state typ») MOH-STRUCTURAL FIRES

HANKER EXTENSION Confined to area of origin

ei Cockloft

02 Door or opening between rooes

03 Ploor

94 Hall Stairway

OS Par-ition

oc Pipe Recess

07 Shaf t-Duiiibwaiter 08 Shaft-Elevator

86

90

919293

95

96

AOV (JVtoandoned/ Derelict Motor

Vehicle)

Bonfire

Brush, Crass

Deanlltion Hood,

Building Site

Duap, Land Fill

Bubbijh-Outs ide

Building

Hanhtole N.Y. Transit SystemYard Roadway , Ties

etc. 97 Railroad-Yard, Roadway, Ties, etc.

98 Tunnel, Bridge

99 Other Non-Structural,

not classified

(state type) EMERGENCY

02 Chimney

03 Elevator, Escalator

04 Explosives EUicort 05 First Aid - Assist

Person (s) 06 First Aid - Resucitation

07 Marine

08 Precarious Condition

Signs, Trees, etc.

09 Subway- Railroad

10 Water t^ak

11 Bomb—Unexplodcd , Scare

12 Collapse-Cave in

13 Collision-Vehicular

Incident

14 Controlled Fire,

Permitted

15 Flood ConditionBroken Water Main

16 Incinerator

17 I,eak-Fuel Oil. Casdlioe

etc.

18 Leak-Illun, Gas, Flaa. Vapor

19 Lightning

30 Oil Burner

21 ^rson Locked in. Locked out

22 Power - Electrical

23 Pressure Rupture

24 Refrigerant Leak

25 Snake Condition,

Odor . Fumes

26 Sprinkler

27 Steam Discharge

28 Other

(3)

NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 17
Appendix A

V

This page intentionally left blank.

18 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix B

Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1981 to 1987

Explanation of Numeric Codes Used on Fire and Emergency Reports -

From 1981 to May 31, 1987

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 19
Appendix B

Typ^i bI Saport

I EWraBsl3 Non SiiiictiKt* fat5 fslss AJsjm.

4 r.las4 a-MSMDt. ffs.

C Cto S-Ifllw AuiiKTHlit Pf*

7 ClBsi 3 -ESS 6 Stiem EiB fRS.

10 Pr«-recoti5si! fciemi

0 Srra!^ Cai! Omer Than tnpw (Hy-«o Cta'-

; B«j ISlitSI « ClBii 31

5 SWO" tan iiiginf (."ii -No CWW.

Ladii Co. «! »iorl.

S bW Warm

? jijl^^ 7- J, How t»lio9'*l'"<'

) )lA.iiS f ti<niMs.H>ri,

3 i'OiUH 5 ware.

« Low J-ws!sirj HviJrsni Stiesfl".

5 Qrw li^?" OT Urge* bcwlini; ii^an b pisnjnnB ""^ " *

out*;, rafr3>iS>6ss 0* S*» itwwisiisn tCw

tiL-fhi5 Niiffir. DtrimitJt £lai;fl MJli Va(tS» ISSll*?

Pipe. IJl, f'.Mifi Nw*, en), 5 T-M^i" or SHg't hosciflm » «t»M

g Fsif sr mars IS" n' Ij^P hj^^lims st Bt>?'<? 3 Cllic( iStaCc Hcnat

3 Smoliit! Sts^. betflie si^> flBoit 3 RJiTM StajB. 0 Utidolfntwu'jl 01 ta!

(GUIPMnil iBVDLVtD III tSIITKin

I I tentr^ heating law.

1 3 Welef teBi«.

1 c idtlow lirnsiifi* IE S'l^iaillf \ittli h93til¥3 LTil.

17 tlwriBui cjKinettiK, «nti csmrwKot.

!S llMiiAj symmj mi SmSImS itevi. 1C Jlestuig rri'ran, cTOPiDrrssnmi.

CABliinE tnaipi'mt

21 nasi, jtstioriry lurtsw unii, 2? fixed TtBtTsne'-fcwsKV.

fitn!, linjauGoiY Fool) waliivtQ ario^^sKj) 7i Deep in iijw

25 PontbSf CDskiii. »«irerf unh. 36 UlEP Isra B'il.

3!^ r.onkina w^apTwrm mi dssislififi ebism

3!!' Coc'<in^ sn^jirTM"! ;irMle?»aren»d

31 r.prrlHl Ml tOfiailiOTini! lelriSHJOOO MWCBUSin, 3? Wtief codiiiij 081*11. ttiw«. 33 fiisA itsiifwf toc*ri«lns*tiwt imii. 34 r«ri, Sl:al»ll*y tot^l W CIKulllwwiig und. 35 PotsblB si tnndiliWWij, raiifleuijoo umt 39 All c«nififitiDi*j, r«lngti3li«i ?qui(>if>Mit noi (l^ufiad tiy»c. 30 CIifr!5[)Wi«|l. if1i«l|aa1iiin eifutpifiasi, un- telifmnii.

D«elri!:jl ai:9)>il9btJCfi E4isi|2»sflt 41 fined vmi.

4? Tr*nsfsrniB. B-.TOaSnl ouijitusirmi ot iitomec!

tijieproenl 43 Welir. imHB bill

4S li|/ii>ag lumn. Imehs^, ballssil. »<^. 43 Corti, plug. 4$ ! »i>p, Itghi bvti. 48 LlKirKBS ^ifVii^tMn equi(»'i»pnl, no) ct-issiJipd

4C> (Iccinc^ cb3ti£ajl*aii t:quEirni->-il. uiKkitMrii^eil,

51 Tet>«i5iOiX '11*11. cSiwKijrsEh.

" 52 Orrer 53 Winllins inaibni' W Hoc' ??re esiutfinaH

SK Hand iaiii. 53 pQftflble jppiwiice ^asigiietl *t> i^othjce cimSiolVd

58^ PorlBb^ 3f^itm£-fi tbt^'jfted not to p<wiuc» he;it.

b!ji i&cuiunfe^ «i)i«Kn<it oil cIstj'M w 5) ihn)ii{^ 58.

50 Apt^fioccj, EQiupmcnl. orKkloniie^

B? VemSnB mecliinc, dimiing fiiirfi1;wi 63 ai-fiti msctwi*. B4 Oicwtol pquilimani itrrer 65 Seiwei* pi»ii!. Kin|V8SSH, BE Cemiu!ii«r wijint 67 Covrryra

159 Spcirifi] eiqinpmsnl Dot cU^fiif^fid ^vd.

-Etr Spatial Eainsnrniit. iinleter!TMEii.

.ProCfts^Ing 4qiiipiiwi1

71 Fi^iiarje. Duan, kJfr 77 Ciswg. moSSuig, toiBsts miuctoiii. /J Ht-al lf«?1»( eijiicinienl. 14 *l«(li.iiii3. sfT»pm( (hkHm,

CoatH^ moclunc, 75 Panting aqeiprwil. 77 Ch«*rec8^ piDCEii rflinjinwiil 76 WMtii n^nr/mi «i)iii[«nenr TS PracBiimjf fquippwiit, wt d«iiili«l ^iO«i.. 70 PnK»33«n[ ctjosHmTt. imdttluiftttiXrtS.

53 tteaifw ciitrier 84 Tbtibi. 121 85 AfC nil Ismi)

8? Torthss.

RSI Serticft, rumsTiincc fiqtiicnmi, nai il^&it

8(1 iS«r»i(U;. Ennnt£iuJi£:e B^u^ionl. undrttfintrrmj

Olhvi i^^vrE, FxpmurK Fin

S? SKttm. !l*t*di«i tsaojur*. 6 J Sn*»>u. Ktjowfl svJuTM.

54 Aiiidtad twnctti tipattn.

95 Ansc^f^. Lfflpiot^clK) flipisjiie 36 Velucfc.

g9 ntiri utifeci. upDsJ^ tir* Afll (JasiitinS a!Klv« 90 Stkm i^ci, Ktpoinirc lirir

itnoruti. FORM 01- C( IGiniDR

H«fiT Itnysn FiMrl-Finid. tual PvMim)^ Dtijeet

I ( S|a/i, HTitier. (IsfM aiiC»D>nC ''''^ B^^ 1iHi*4 K|uV'

IWKHI 12 Heal Inm ^: (utH s^mprieiii 13 S[iart!. wmtt, ri9<T>* Kcssjinj Iron (lijiiKl tiBketl tqinpraani.

1 4 H^at IrDiFt Iv^d cifuq;iwftt 15 SpsJ». eififcsi, Itanif r?c-«i>n(l *i(ira solnl (uriea

IB Heal Ireai joM lutkd miupmtn!

I ^jaA. emiisf. flsfiit^ esc:ip<ng fiori equipmeril: iiic^

lit He^i IrDfn MiWTKni: tii«l not kmmn.

I!) Heit \<am \\itlUti U>tipan»iti oifMI list

10 Hhi Irwn lurt fliBl. fuel-wwnsl rtjwi. sinHut tram Elsfrnul C^uisniiM Areinj, D<HiHfiiHteHl 21 Hjliir i;suwd ilan cuttik m.

?? SI"Wfl ti*cuit afC frtwn iretfisnical ^n^age

33 Short circutc sec from defective, wom irisiiLaiioi^ 24 tjrA|»ciSi*iS s'wif tir^m BTC. 25 Art f«iiiT fijlty c»n!i[i. tossE cinntctan, bfli»M

conduclor 28 4ri:. ipeii: liwn owiatmir njuitummt «r 5i»itc*i

2d ^liKHSic^i ligl>t ki^n.

29 Hul (rem «4sEificsl e^ipmsri ercnj 6%«r!o»i»(l. nji ciaisiti*!! rtove,

iidin^iniinBiS,

HiBI lr«m SnuhiinQ Wiifi3Btnl

31 CtfSncni. 12 Ciger. 33 Pipe 59 Hi"?! Iiw 5JTtP)(«n nwli>!!^at, itii; l;ts'!5*'il'i? 5CMIVE'. M Htit IfiKil inaluiig mat^iiA: ii'^mcintmi-l

HUBl Imra Bniw Hens. Sjuirh

4 i Cutwii; H';li Mwaimn

fl^ VldAnft lurcli werfljion. &3 3o*i:h ppirr*nuii. oUki iNti?* lult.'iu^ ani ntM^if.

"5 Wsieli.

4Ei Itghttsr. 47 Dp«ii tin. IB Beclslits itDm mlafrsi i5r*ius!B" iisptc.

lis Htiai ii^ ovmi Ibtnf. sfrurk, nai tias2»fwii jbave. 40 lliii tioin afnii Itawi, sp-irli, tsiUtiTOMnsO

Heat Irgm Hot Oiifeet §1 Hi!9(, ^3ia*li SiOW Iriftjilti S2 Wctisn. hoi in»i<nal

b'i Mo( aoiisEt, *sli

Dfl ffecmc lamp 55 fletindle. mrjwtijn b% i^mi fim uropeity i>«satiici] e)ecinC9t ejiiprail. 51 l+«»t (rom »Tiprope«ii) o^erstiag etectrnl ewjtpment. 59 Mrat ficfi tell olqc^i. e<it cFassfird above SO haat fiara hm oltiBti, mmlssenTianal.

Hbii Irem iif/kiiin, Firmofit

Eifilmi^e 52 BOiwni iism. 83 firenisii

65 MmI*^ iwcknl. iiot emalwj* rcii:li*!iY, 56 InCMI^'y 6fntt. 6S IWI fr»iii ^K^isiw. (wifMiJSis. lift iclsssliflti BBfrffl. 5C heal frsTTi ajjlmwe. Hiswofki. linApinrmiiw^,

20 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1981 to 1987

2

Ibil 'ram Ur^vil Sobt^

7D Hta Iroir >ai>» iavci. todKi'irmri

K<al Spnatiipg Irm ikasttgr Hstlile FiP> b

B' tkj] feap <?K! tens, pmittjo'- atJtnn.

SZ Hesi !>!)>" Hting t<4i>ri. tr*t>. spxi

EO tte: H9u<^ vefhe tasiit lis. n

Dctar Fan •( Pan •( ly«tiaa 17 Ubixik tcfir: el hrai •'f ;^i!i«<. 9! £»• Ipfip nei- ol ^itSnc DO rl teal c3 r^rSB urAlBiMcd im Of »iTi»ui tcuna

CIS

11 blK^

!2 LPiCy il» 3»s i mol

13 Ms<ii^KMie<; gas

1 S An^CU !«.

IB Sm/'w

<7 S^es^lf ^ tnu anenhnc

IQ Cb.

'/? Cuil B iKTHUok lewd

34 Ci9<s IC tjnniibk

TV flffrrvAk. urrtidrX .>>U:>>ir«iid

.15 Aodrf SKIL r^^n^

3f Sou rr«r,cs lijfrfy tyT«'

«.' Potrsii'ise, 1) Poly«n<ft

-5 'ehitjii.'.

-49 fkist:. MT SUB'*! 0<7'<

it RklCcr.

S* luiffi

jb Ctil ccLr k K. BtJi if Kj«1 aj-rh

'<l<) hill W p.«!KI MS cUi^M nhnr

Wc«d, Paper

£ 1 Cnswisp wrtadb* freed iM«nss

ftbric Icilik, Fur

72 ColWc. fJfan. nmM l«bric Sniped jooils, 73 Wocl T^aol mutiird ^sdic, lirnslieii gi>5ifc. 74 o*ci lit**, fiirUicd ||a«t5 75 Wis. Hm3^ hap.

70 r«b<ic. cFrtt. fia. jiiiHtsrmifitt

NUl;r)3t Cl^auB^ H:tl> Dll SI Liedum

1fE3)H uului rarwl fxttt.

B5 Dir rip.

t)B Aljhsic tllIK< mvs!r\3\ S3 Mj'tiiii taqiaeoiiad #iiti ^^ sot ctesitKt jIjcw! at Mjuiii*! campDujdtd w.il W. «oi!«ieniirai.

Ott»r Trpa *y Wii trill S' MijbiptF liix.-. fi' niltfoi fir ignked.

SS Tyik f raitrot nti (bruTed jtiiwt.

fURW DF MAr£ft»AL icwnEC

12 E>T«'r2i srlr«L»j| ca»et«c, iwisLt, fnish. 13 £>WiiSi trjc. ipgjitEnwKC.

I ^ Fioci ccweniif £di!ect

.iHunJ 'l nil and tmr tu^ltit.

17 Smjciira ircwbri. lurmi!) )S Thcnnil. (ousacd imLfelnn axtln' aaH. (erMien

9 SrrucitjrA] campDftenl. finsh ntl dSUihH MfrVB. IC Siruc;gr^ arv<'Br,_ (reJi. unoriermirsd.

furoiuirt

73 MansfrSolaerK :h3«. bmrf.

7^ Cjfiinfilry 74 l:B-iiyi tura.

79 fwrtilMt K! a233/i?i aum.

?G fuiortKM. ii»<S»Uime8.

Soli Gaadv Wunr^ Apptrel

31 libaicsi.

34 Wcarw; tOf«ll nK 9" i kihu.

35 WcN'^ *^.*« u« 5 p«':or.

37 riKidi 101 ftit ts

3S go«dL o-c^inj .ipp^rl nol dllsiliM abOil. ir Soft goodi »ruiift5 a^csrtl u-D-ii;>»iiw!d

AtorftMnT hacrcttkmil Miiarul

17 DecD'ltia^ lor jpecal rvrai 11 ^

t? TiipWiJ. ««. ^9 *iicninteii1. letiealicr!! mjisnal nat cJesjifiiJ

5? Basket, fcaiitl 53 ?jfci, stid iiiot ii) iiCBi. 54 htfs.ayi. rwns. ywn. 55 pKkmj, *ratii»§ msliiul. 56 Sik iixagc ^7 Eg* fiprsjs *B ttesWf SiitJiiK. VJ SUOPIK!. JltCk Wl flB5SllH) abfiH

1>0 Suppfars. itock. undclnmiol

p!!w«r Tr»n;<«r UjuipinfJic Fu«l

33 Ifastomie'. G3 tftTwwr (Hi:. **« btt V StH- 54 Tift 55 FmI. f9 fewer tiafvs^ sgia^nonl, (buI, nifl cfeKxJfi^d ibow

SO lf?rt;l^ i^upowol. hiaj. ufidelemiifl«d. Cewrii Firm

7 1 AjricaRural trrfifSl, 72 Fmc£. ptit. 73 Feuiliier. M tfiiwtng, tmn5 lom

76 HoaSiisli. liiiSi. WJSIB

7B Cmiiri^ inA'drials. 77 Sjn

S)>acia5 Farm

81 UixsK filici Inl

AiMiiuti:, vapciizeil Irnird.

BS fjilafins (hiiBUl. nsrtiial swied nn sslris 66 tr fiqiid in v Iroifi mpe ci co^i^ainrr £7 flofieii luaienaL

37 Wuiiipli lorn mi'tria' i;N!e4

99 ol matenai ppi ci^wl^ a.iow; UJ t-aric at rnacwiai wnlrlptmnnotl niK jflpiifli»d

ICSITiqPj F*CTC«

I 1 Inrm/^jty, iru: l^irij oiiil ditlLlf^Cff 12 utfaitdiHy, civsi; cull itsitii^anii

Sutfiiiioas 71 Smiwr»««, rwi; iliuiAq riw*] lUtuihancr

MIUM ct titil SI Ignittcn

;jl At^AftMiil Ciseinlid iMieriiL 37 ThdwMij^

31 iraSK^jte E4<Kitl ef we*" Ixf. 3j ri'IHng, rtlBiiig tM cis'ie IS. 3G CMdrtr wi;li. ddj plrpn{|.

09 Mjtse II hei: ol i^mioii mil tKsi^wl *I":7H' 3D Moult 11 Hes! of i^nnBii. «utciriiriniid. Mkttt ti Minriil Ignhc^ 41 f-uH 3iiti!il. icioasn) M irtenialy 4^ liri^[»jpci (ijclnig (tt:hllIIl<l(tS 13 FLBiiwiialJir f(i[u«i HipRd to kinil'« Iil&. 4.1 Mlji.tii:ig p.-ui_ cleaniftg, rglifltihfflg. patOlfc-ig.

'ir^ llT^&pPf UltliMr. 4R C.«ntlu5trbl« ItiC If H£<l.

•17 Impiopei noijge.

1H BfcioM o) nijtB'i4l ijiittd P3Siil«(- sb?-'E 40 Mtuix b1 maiccDl igmied. unddc^ nirH-d

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 21
Appendix B

MMhaBkal Faihira. IMHoactioa 5 1 Part l«luft. teak, breil. 52 Autonatie eanxiti taiufs. <> ; 53 Manual cafllrol laftw. 54 Start orcwt. poim) taufl, 55 Othef iHeftncai t^c.

56 Lack ef mauttenance. woffi «it 57 Backfite^ 59 Mechswal failtirt m^unctnn not clasuricd Btxm 50 Meduncal (ajtse, maXunctiea. undewmmMl

Dniga, Caastrectiog, (lUtaBaliaa DefieiancT 6 1 Otvgn flefrancy. 62 Conitrecttoft ifeticiencY. 63 inaiHei too dose to C(Wi6uxtiiil«s. 64 Other inslaiation deficioKt. 65 Property loo dose lo. 63 Dasgn, cmnruction. inslaSation defvdency not

60 Design, coosmictiofl. mttaSaaan de^iKy. undeter raned

Operatittaal Deticisney

7 1 CsKnxi. eaertwa krttcltdmm. 72 Acodemaly tumeii on. ml tunrnl oH. 73 UnattemJed 74 Ow»iiia<Jed. 75 ;>poraafieous beatmg 76 imprapei slariup. shuidowfl practi\«a 73 Gttemnmjl (teficiency not tiit^M tiMut 70 Ofteratuxiel defKieiKy, untelenmneiL

Natitrat ComlKiaa

ei t4)9h wnfi 82 Earlttquak*. S3 Hq^ wfici. mdudixg tloodt. 84 U^tntng 6S HiUeai con^ton nol classifsi) igmt. 80 NatiBai condrrion, uniieserinined

OtlM> Igaitiftfi Factor 51 Animal 92 RskifKfiti! trom a pretnoes he. S9 Ottw igniiion tacliK not dassifieri atioire. 00 Igmtion facim iaiSeiefrrafied or rtot repoftati.

Conttmctiae Class G No BMtnt Hooivett.

! f»epfOot Stntcture 2 fai Protecteii Siructtat 3 Hon lueptoof Structure. 4 *80(J f lame Strunnre

5 Weti Slruoure 6 Hea»y Tantwt Stfuclnre

ClatsH'Kstion «rl BuiWin|| By Usa-Caminamal

01 Bask. 02 8r«v»»fy. 03 Coal Pocket. 04 Oepartmeni Store 05 Iteanui Power Plant. 06 faaory: Mulii Occivancy 07 Faaory: Stn^ie Occupancy. OB Fowidry. "

. . 09 ffBjtn Dtpoi. 10 Garage: Non Slora^.

\ 1 Garap; Siaase

12 Gas Works

13 lumber lui

14 Mmor Vehide R^air Sliop. 15 Oftiee haMm^.

16 Qf. SeKng Siattan

1 7 OS Storage Plarn

I e Pier. Wharm. 0(Kk. Bulkhead SuMitg

19 fletiBwarji. dner. 20 Sired. Neixsitand. Shar«y 21 SJv«iyard OrydodL 22 SiaMe 23 Steam Generatmj Plant. 24 Stoit B^ASmj. Taxpayer. 25 Wa>ehoiise Stcrrtouse 26 Store Blotting 8 Prrvete QweKng.

39 Ottir Cotnraerci^.

Ciassilttalioa si MIding By li»-F>ab&

40 Arport BuMrrH;. 41 Atyknt. 42 Bt^.

43 Bui Terminal 44 ChunA. Syttagot^e. 45 Dwte Hal, Banquet Ha

46 Dttpeasary. Clnrc 47 Ferry Termeui

Govertmierit BuMirtgs-INot ottierwise dassiM); 48 Ctly. 49 tateritate 60 Ferteat 51 foteijiri 52 Siata. 53 Hospital, tnfiffliary. 64 Niirsng Ftame. 55 Haiboad Slatron. 56 School: Coteee. UntvRvty. 57 Sihoot. Ptrrale Higfc. 5S Sclnot. Public High. 59 $<:t»al: Putfe Jr Nigh. 60 Sctwol: Private Etemer«ary. 6 1 Sdnol^ Pi^ EkmiHitwy.

G2 School. Chfeken's Nursery. 63 Scteol: Other. 64 Talent Slwfe. 65 Theatre, lejttimale. 66 Theant. Miriian Pinive. 67 TrMstt SystBn-Stalion Strucluee. 6B Tixmri. 69 Ottw PiAiie.

llMidaBtial 80 ftpartmeni Botri ' 4

"

81 Apartment Ho«» ' A

" 82 Boariinf House. ^^aa<iraig House "8 " 83 Correent. Rectory Morvastary, etc 64 DorRBtory-School, Cht>, Lod^. 8b Hal« "B

• 86 Lodpng House "B

" 87 Motel. 88 Private Owelkng: One Fannly. 83 Private Ow^mg: Two Famiiy. 90 Tettsttrem New Law "A." 31 TeooiT»em: Old la* "A."

S'i Converted Oweftris "A." 99 Oliver FtesidHitial.

ButMtiif Statoa

15 Baitrroom Toilet.

1 £ Bedroom, Sleepng Ana.

17 Cefai9 18 Cellar. 18 CNiratey. 20 Classroont lecture Area. 21 Closet. 22 Coriitett. 23 Coiel-Eilefior.

24 Coun-tnlenor. 25 Demg (Room. Oexng Area. 26 Ouct-Air ComfttKmi^ 27 Duct-iitraujt. 28 FIsortng. 29 Furnace Roorrt. 30 HaBway-Piivate

31 Hadway-PulAc. 32 toneratof Cknet or Room

33 Kitcltttt Cooking Aras. 34 Lnmg Room. 35 l(^.

36 Mactanery Room. 37 Oflia Area. 38 Opefstm; laboratory Area. 39 Pmrlion. 40 Porch, 41 ProjectKW Booth 42 Recreation Ante 43 Floof. 44 S^z Showroom Cof^ay Area. 45 Stiafl-Ducl, Poe. 46 Stall -Ountrwoiet. 47 Shaft -Elevator. 48 Shatl-Citenor ligM 49 Shaft- Intern' light 50 Shatt-Vent, 51 Shwng Receiving Loading Area. 52 Stage. 53 Stau^way 54 Stora^ Room Area 55 Vacant -Ftoorn, Apaftmenl or Area. 56 Work Area. Workroim

57 OirxK Areas. Wot Ctastifed tstate area.

Araa Fire Origin-Occupancy ClaaaalkatitM- Conmarcial

faclary: 99 Chemcats.

tstate typtt

1 Dcct^iied. 2 Parity Occt^Kctt, Good Coarttjon. 3 Parity Occupied, Deienwalmg.

4 Vacant. 5 Under DemofitKHi. 6 Untta Ctmtruction

OanuHi* Ita 8siid(Ds at CantMit*) 0 Sone.

1 1 to 15%.

2 16tn49»,

3 50% or Greater.

Araa i in Origia-Floar 00 Outside ButAng

01 1st ftoor

to94 and H^.

95 Attic 96 Fioot. 97 Basement. 96 CeHar. 99 Siivcettai • Ana Fire Origin -ilson sr Araa

10 Area Hm in BuisSng n Anit

12 Awmng

13 Balcony. 14 SasBmenI

CIsllMiigr 01 Dresses. 02 UndergarmMil. 03 Other titsie typel. 04 [Fry Cleaning Laundry. 05 FlectrayH Prortucts 06 Food & Om* Products 07 Furniture 08 Furs. Fur Goods.

Hats; 09 Men's. ' 10 Women's,

1 1 Uattier. lealil»! Products. 12 Machine Shm Metal Works. 13 Paiitt. 14 Paper Products. 16 Petroleuiii Pro*jcts. 16 PtasiKs. Ridibei. 17 Pnmting S Alied Industries. 18 Shoes. 19 Temtes 20 Toy or DoN. 21 WoodwiMking 22 Other Factoi'ies Not Classified

Store. 23 Auto Accessories 24 e^ery. 25 Stitder.

22 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1981 to 1987

4

Aru fnt OrifiM-OctBpciiCf ClMsifttltx*-

icantniMil Stwc

26 CM)f. Cigai. SlJUanerr. 27 OoDwis, 28 Ccpannwfii. l«jt 29 Oeetimvn. Smal I5&1DI. 30 On Oane & Tailef 31 OfuB. 32 Standi kp^tnca

33 ffo! & Vt^tUa

34 fmnuci

35 &rsc«i Dani. CMcatnsai. 3E H«btrd«tiKry 37 late Acccmw.

3839 Fwo Hantarn

40 Restatiot Lmchconent

41 Sim

42 Sine Rtpar 43 Stocf Mjtktt 44 T»»»fn 45 Cine Slixci Nm CtnsHinj Isiai ty«cl.

46 hon Sivagc

4 7 Slorage 48 U Ubnf Staton. 49 Mou* Re^ S)«P. 50 Olhct BtdAng.

5152 Fape Rags Fibfc 53 Oihr isiaic irP*l 54 ^rnjhl De«o< 55 fm

56 Sliipva'd 57 luntwi TarA 58 SM. Nvwutand Sl>ami. tic. 59 Otttcr CdmnHcnl BuMng Om^anKR. Not Cinut«£ Isiatt irpti VaiAwtial

60 AearTmM Honi Mi^npk OiMfcn "»."

62 Boattkng House Roonn; Hmim. Hult«K Owitai; B

63 Mottl. Mulligk Dw*«n9 6

~

64 Indent Houie MiAiple Cwctaii "B." 65 Prmtt Dwf*n9

66 RjcWt. Corttm. HmiirT. aS- 67 loontnt Mwu. Mm> Law MiM^ Dmftng ~4 " 66 Tenemni Hsuat. OM law Muft^pk Omfcij "A." 69 OiVi RtuOntial hoi Ciajuf^d blxr tYprI

70 Upm

7 1 Cabartl. Ban«un »Ui. 72 Clwich 73 Oa>ice Ha« 74 Houitll 75 Uotior Pitlwe IheaWe

76 h T Tianst SrOxo-SiaMn.

77 fmtn^n Dtpol

78 Sdiosl 79 IheaiTt 80 T V. Stwfe

81 Oth*< Pubfcc, No* ClassifiK) (slate twl.

MaBB«f EltMMOB

00 Coifoed 10 area ot on^

0) Coclibfl 02 OoDi V Openns Beinne; ftwffls. 03 floor. 04 HaC SUirnay. 05 FVtitian. 06 Fhpe Rac«». 07 ShaM'Ouintwarter. 08 Shah-Elevaior. 02 Shafl-/U. li^l. Chuls, Duct. eti. 10 Cofaij

1 1 Wmdon.

1 2 Other Isiaie howi Utmbv ol Occa^cias

01 I Occmanqr 02 2 Occofiasoe 99 99 c moie Ocqiobkik.

Boiliiings 0 did not spread bi>Ofid buiii^ ot on^,

1 I tinictun V veticle. 5 9 o< more buMmfs a< *<l*dti. Mai: Hm BF 24* muii be (ubmined (or eadi buidmg

or whKte bled m Mn coded tpace. Snwka DaiKtOf

0 So detecloi prttem

) lorwalioii type, poarei ^saxinecicd or battery

'tfflcved by occupant.

2 toriiiaiion type, provided early oraming. 3 toni»iion type, iarled to operate, battery powered

4 tmintr type laM to operate. Ine ir^a^e power

5 Photoetectnc type, power dixonnoclad e> battery removed by occupanl

6 PHoio«<»c(ric type, pronded earty warnmf.

7 Phoioetectie type, failed In operate, battery pnwered.

6 PnotoeWclrK type laied In operate, kne witlage powr

9 Not Dcss4>le 10 determn* d dctettc optraitd or not

CIntilicaliOT by lypi Fire or EMr^ancy

Trampenatiaa Fkaa

87 Siq>. Vcual. 88 Moiv Vehck

89 0n<e< Traniporlabon Istate typel Re* Stracliral Fim

86 *DV (M>artdor<ed'Oerel>ct Motor Vehtdei. 90 Boolwe

91 BruA C-asj 92 Dimokpon Mood. Birhkng Site 93 Ojmp. land Fil 94 Rubirsh-Culude Building

35 Mstholt. 96 N Y Tranw Sr««»-1'*<, lte»*»a». Tm, »tc. 97 fiaJroad-l'ard Roadway, Tm. etc. 98 Tunnd, Bnriae. 99 Otner Non-Sfriictiitil. tUt Cbsufwd Itlau type). EmaryMcy

02 Chmney. 03 Ekvator. EscAtgi. 04 Eipkmves Escort. 05 First Ad-Auol Persanbl. 06 fast Aet-RssusatatiOB. 07 Manne. 08 Pr»c*«!w Conditiim-Sijni, Tisei. etc. 09 Subway -Ruboad

ID Walei Leak.

1 1 Bmib-Uneiploded. Scar*. 12 Cidapse-Ca«e In. 13 Coftsnn-Vehicular Incident 14 Conroled Fie, Permrted. 15 FkMd CarMm-^nAm Watxr 1/^

16 bHanefBto

1 7 Uak-Fuel W. Oas^, etc

18 leali-llluKi Gas. Flam Vapor. 19 b^tnnf). 20 01 Burner 21 Person Locked In locked Out. 22 Powei-Electricai 23 Pi«ts«re Ruptm

24 Rattigerani leak. 25 Smoke Carxttam. Oder. Fwnes. 26 Spnr>Mer 27 Slean Discharge 28 OelecTnre Alana Oetfice lothcr thati Spraiktirt 29 Smoie Detector. 30 Other

Pmrer Isr EqiiipaMM

01 I 23 »ot!J A.C. 02 24 whs A C. 1116 voUs 0 C

12 712 »ohs O.C. 15 1 16 yohs A C. 28 208 volti AC. 30 220 230 vans A C 33 231 330 votis AC

34 331 or hrsher volts AC

50 25 &0valtsA.C.

61 Butane 62 Co^. Coke. Darcoal. Pcsi. 63 Fuel OH. No 1 or Mo. 2. 64 U Od. No. 3 01 No. 4. 65 Fuel Oi. No 5 or No. C 66 Gxsofaw. 67 kernene

68 IM gas (stored ai liquid) 69 LP pas (stored as tqudl. 7Q Nature 0^ ik««iimating 'as a gas). 7) Pap«

72 Procane.

\ 99 Other,

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 23
Appendix B

V

This page intentionally left blank.

24 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix C

Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1987 to Present

Explanation of Numeric Codes Used on Fire and Emergency Reports

From June 1, 1987, to present

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 25
Appendix C

HDS-J H1-9l1?SS-Wie5-f,5

'^'^ Of- P'^Kt

1 StiHClural i TrasitsaniKKjii rire

S false Aiirm

14,? «ew HtfOBTW Mc Ms,

10 ItitpliDinc

ft) StiEk-t — K!s^asl

?l C'ssr. 3 — Mamal

3D Class 3 - P.r.A. 31 CiEK 3 Vs!w:, Spirtnlcira - i'i X

32 CIssr. a. (Htwf Hatnmatiir. - P.f.S. 40

SO V«n»!

fiO fff fi«.(\^«ft-; 5*-i'-i riftiir Ai.vtr ?n Tif 1 inf (f; <^-• 1 i-i* ii-i i:ii?ri3^rt(«r — Tvaum r.cT

HI €i. .'. ;

' t *

'JO i:. '>l. i'iivi,iK«i tBik Worn t. I:f A emntii! ten Pmisiie Rn» Murrti.

ti'ftii-r.tBi- cnecttY w fin, .'-sS/ff/f R"fef>>»w?«- oc a*

C«df Ha

fi r.pfjJil Crfli Oshsf Th?!s rnpiiifi £»!}' — h!a J*!!!'

I flcj iStnvM or Basn fii

i; srkifcBi ujs imifi i\^-!Tm>

9 S!i«

U&f. He.

II Inili3.i teim

1 ilcre itian ite Hcgas «iinr itis-atsn 3 Ed§;r!« 4

i LftCdef Csis, a work. 2 2nfl mm

'i Sic fiiasm

< «tri Ajami

7 Sjgnsi 7-S

Cede He

J Sater, IslasS

<t Brcoktyn

5 OuesDi

14.E HKftSLXl JS tlJirERSALS

Kir pl:^c;ir(i (<r tfooi s^iii^p.^ p3f«r^ ft; olt'sP' d<iOjFt»"^ Choc Ntk

il Ulasii A fc.»i)lc3vsii

'.? Class S ESi!3lOSl'3S 13 r,55«;s r. rs?i!ssi«K

Jl fljrriir.ibl!: Ozits. ?? l-inn-flsmsnaMi: Gaics

Cwoniif

2S 0.>v?n

FIBE RECORD CODE LIST

SI ftmte

S3 'rn^aESs

T:l "^-li-j-r* Ms^?ri)5

Sinew'- t,e;TS«:; 30K' cass. 9; "sassisv. wJd ae

CI J~A ' - I '« V ysBo only a « C CsSao

03 V-15 « Milts* l-b ii <

It iM.a» rsam

TSi"5r Rfa usiB

t. fefKse*

i, i f'-£

4S CM

I. KiaaSSK

9. D*«i

uj new gjrfwfimaisj Ms

-s p.

S «... ^ -s 1- 1 -

'

8- Bisef *S3;e »»3)ifi.

U.IJ 5WilF1»C Ft T r .: F M

14.11 ccMpnioN &h AHwm <Xim

1 vnsrrms:

t HariNf, SYStEiWS

ij... rsif.'-";

Ml swanr Smjta*

it C»frm£y, E» vo!! nut

T IfiKSCtO" * " ' •--»•>;« s«r;15. fiipcs.

'ijsil. sudlcsure food »3nnfc3i3 afijifcuice.

.2* fas fi^f ai'>ri''>-^ «f« 3 iBit Si t1&f:-i latS! *!«

1 JWH CQWD^TiOMlNC. iffTUGERJSnON COUIPMf KT

%i *if?!>lgd ^ corsiiiKsita^;, fflffig^;ra!:;»in <!^(i)flffEV.flt >*...: r.9 »fjy«fif

' - . - iPTi^. idftforators.

I s»i a, c Ti , *Sifigera»n untt dahu.

HfS'. csassdiisit ahi^

4. CisSTRstoi DisimayiiKiti *aMH"wt«i

•is CJfitr; t: liisKJElKIci cgillplMtll. S« ssier i*iisfi Oisat fjSed citttSt ftufjliere w 1 ? If r t

:,'. Jdnnsjistt.

"ad" ^njic or pdm,

Ncoi iSijiiiit-ttstii:. vBOiari.

" " utrtei. J-sB ntx tleslrtaf ijMntelS, siijni rcis. n>!3! ass,

t S^CJAL JflUIFMfKi

C {.^ ip'^ t *<$SE, »jrays. ccnipijttr. tcic 3iian«; trjsvsfmte eijisDiiisiii. Si i^endsni- .i-adas*. GsifiBng feurasifi.

S-1 OftiCP rrKiiia« V 1 P 1 flVJiCt. carr-una m. si'iiit sains.

26 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1987 to Present

2

J. wtocEssiHS Eouiniarr

72. Cadai;, rasima, IctgifiB. 73. Hi& trsatina. oaendi Bnt

Vi'!9)ciiE. smcsng. iTBi&ft^ £2M5. griodeis. s^oiters. em

?5. CojAi; oac'jue. isprafi ssSuElng. reitej sprealins

ib. PsEilin}. <Sppa)}. spo"^ -

77. tJeriCJl prKsss dsfiEng.

75 Ro; daGSiiija it}?^ I SEtftlCZ. HAlHTtMAMCt eOUIPMEHT

81. lacroatB!

*?. Sw*)g. D0(e.

83. RcsStas. ctarssi BsESfv

teSIX. 121 MtSL

8S. ,OifC. as UTft cwqfte;. EG tifiWlor

!7- fcrBKS. Iwisef biTwis.

38. N0[ ctejied iba»ek I OTHER DEJECn, nCPCSVRE mt

9& ^yi'cit. txMu5 ^rUcxa Killidt fi-H.

99. OthET Dbjea. Cxjusm ^ noc dassited Miovc.

1413 fpi^w 0^ wKi ;girnan L HUa fVJJv HI£l--mED. FUa-POWER£D QBJEa

is vrarms nisiv. eraaw or Samf actjalv scistc trofTi »e Bjiapmisl, «< *.TStiKT i «ai smpv otJtic-JtJis cS OcTStSc S'jrfaa Ol 0* esB^mtnl (oi mteiral heiQ QBEinj Ihe isnioor o! ntarby camtxisSite-

'I. aci*. enijer fiijv? ftSMlwa Irniti aa-i tiielsfl

II Hej; ticm jii tj;lal rq'j(3n:r!. prioJ tjhti norarral fronts. 11 Spj*. tirtiE. 5smE escaping frtni &iiaid fueled

Kpaprrstci:.

•.4, Hej: Irmn tjji; faelwt eQaipn*"!. pilei lighij, iS Spit*. f.-s?er. nanie esTiping soM lueirt eqaprrs^

IS ma! fmm sati lanx eariprntt.

17 Sea*, enter f-j.-ns escioing teTi eauBwrit. fud

la Hb; fTwn souisraErt 1wi wr. Iukhto.

^ ma fvm elbc^rigw. rauipwin ahohs.

OTERUJADea

?i. Witi cjjja; jhar: aiciil arc K. Shon OKjII art fme neciurica d»mag«

?5 S»ion cJitJi art; fto;:^ Cefeaiye. worn inswMiOQ, 14 UTHKcriiX stiDTi oiiM arc

25. Pre trsrr- li'jir/ cwaci. most romfrtim, trotan

26. Aft :pn; irair. oscniing (qwpTfen: a swilcli

27. Ha! 'Tora wer.cidtfi eauipuns, wires, mtaors. 2a riuwisteri i;ix taSaa.

S HVa FBOM SWOKIM: HfllEHUl.

31. CigarrttE. 32 Cigar 32 Pipe 3£ to tKsWer abort

^ Ufa now tKH FLAME. SMAK

41 CullTr; Ic'rt OtXiitOr (stparSm^ ir>tlil5). A2. VteiJin; tor:li opiUicn (janirj iti^uhj.

i.3. Btw. "etches punibtTS lo-rfies Burssti ELmars,

i4 Candle, luer AS Uilch, 46 Lijhttf <liiiie rjpt) iT CamiiiHS scrt.-u. •i.i t^rzi, r.shrri-. Sre:

Badrfrr^ limTi itiprjl oombosfc; enrpie,

X.9 (tor caKifieri ab(w«

& H£«r F»OM HOT O&IECI SL K«s'., SiSri Irora teJitm, cvsrtieatm ISik a, Manen msiil, Iks f<»5iis sna tw! gbas. Si Hd embftc a*.

54. Bfdnc lamp, bulbs.

ReldniJiE, raijriSon. 55 Heat fmm pronerfy cWSSna eieartal, ST has ht)!r Impnciperiycjierjidq B»Ktrtfill cqTORHIL

59 to Llissifisd sbgae,

6. flEAT FBDM B7U]S!VES, RFIEWORKS

St EMlosliss, iiflinta amnajniMfi.

fi?. BUfflirr; a.if.'vt 53. Fii^v.rni. saa'itm.

65. UofiEi mcktr. ris iiraitur ractetj. 6& inttfiaijr)' fleacc

6", Not ctaaaticd Bbtfit

7. HEfir FROM fUTUPJSi SftUfitt

T,. Stir's her.

7J. Sponaneous igniosii. ttismicsl reatfoa.

7S. Licwnirg Ssdcr^js.

"it. SUiic dRiharpi.

79. Ha ciassiAsc t HEjg SPKEADIKG MOW ANBTHEH HDETlUt HUE

fCCPOSUBEj

81. fte3l from eirca fima, ecn-reoion lurrerls.

83 H«?t ttom fl^mj brand, ember, spaik.

t9 HO! cliisillei abci-t

s. omm mm qf heat of iCNitiOfi

S7. MuKpte Jorros of nssi d i^n^.

99, Hoc Oiisilico sow?.

-U.« TYPE OF HBltRlAl. JfiWOtp

1. BK

12. LP-Cny Gas ILP ar« air mix).

12 Msralaaarei gas.

tt. AJ«.«1«iC 035.

It Afittyle^tt.

17. Siioaslly flis otte- ll»3n arsofiecc

15. Hoi dasiifiei) abcvs

2. FLAMHABLE. COMSUSTTIBLE UQVID

21 E)tiyi dha penUric aid Etl»)rleiie oxid» (Class 1A), 22. Aodont:, dhjrtilcohd.JP^t pluel anOneiiiyl cui)!

{"lass 1B) 23 uasolitie 24. tjiy\ 3i(»lwl. pai(M aleshol siyicne ira Turptats'H. (Class IC). 25. Keroseni, futi Oi; V 2. *. 6 and Diad Fuel

PC- No 6 1J& Cut (tXInnseeil oi md aensm oi.

[GteSl IliA). a. C<x*ingod,Transtof/HerjiidlU!)icatjiijoa.(t2a55llIB} 2S N« yasafed abcvt.

3- VllLSTrU SOUn, CHEMItAL 3t ra grsas* ((crxl) 32. Greise Cnonlowlj. PClfOletBl jeias. 33 PeSai. (jarallr., wb,

S« Cicossfc'. piitt. atfiKslvB, JKin. K cSaaifl. io»i.

25 AooliM oaio: vSAliSlI 36. Gombtislibic mtlil magncslun ilunium »i)0 arcomum

37 SoSc chemical, wplodws

3a Km cassJied atiovt

1. PLftSTIC

fli, P.IGJD Pl/CTICS

Intiasfl 3St rrii*l?() jAiilin Jtch u apprunr.e casti,

flen' Sit. Ocooratw kjtchoi la.Tlnmt

Hi. r.ffiS FCAM PLSSlfS

Wuasi) art rigid llicrmal ffwn Inejteicsi to waii:

arwi f<Vigcrat£i's.

J3 nfXlBLJ <>LeSllCS

lnchided s ckctiicsl wire icsubiion ii FLEXIBLE R]AMPm3TlCS

Inc&idea are nuaresses. IjrniUiit inKiAir imb, ant!

«. FUJ,! PiAsres

InSiiteii are E>ril>re1?i¥lene tmsh tegs, plalogniphi^

li'iin wi tastti wsBpipir.

5. HmillAl PftSKJCre

51. Fuibber 52 Cork

Si. Lfither M. CrasS: \iSJi&. hSi' Mid sn»w

55. Srai, leafiKrs teli. teff*. fier^). m. cstifir., hafas

56. Coi. ec**'. DTDusliss, oea:.

.17 twd. statch. cjtludnii; lifl a«I ?reKS.

5S. liihjcra

59. No; tlasafied jftQ.?.

6. VraUB. PRPEB

61, Grmwng wooo. trei-. 6S F8l!«! but i)i-i'»»ii wiSOd.

S3. F3niyv#5 Ijir.tjcr, finiited *(}«. 61 Wqihs sdj-jiflus. ss'^dua swelsw. K. Hardboarrl, pi /wijod85. Rbatioaid, woo* pn^ pi?« SOarfl.

B7. Paper, untreated, unctotad.

68. Cudboard.

69. NtK <laaiilii.-d alxftf;.

7. FSBRC TEXTIU, FUR

71, Man-nis^ latific, fibei tumstiM cec^.

72. CfltlsfL rs>m, conop latiia

»?. ¥/ts)i, WW' mi>tU(rf. tatelt

TS- Fuc silk- oOio labic,

75. Wq

7t Itrnnas nalr. 7B. flo; iaasslti6!l iMrt.

8. HJIERIAL COMTOUNDtB WtTK OIL

81. Unckuni.

82 W ClOtn. 83. Tneattt) KAta- coiled pipes wix paper. 8^. Vaprprnof carfvai

65. CKy rsflS- 85. ftsptin iraajafl material

S». ficf. ciassiliefi ilinve. 9 OTHEJl IXPE OF MATERIAL IGHTTED

Hi ^lurjoif typK o! inalens; lirsl itAitsfi, 99. UK C.JSSlliCC SBOVC.

M.1S FORM OF MCTBRIAL IGMnEC

1. STRUCnim COMPONENT, BKBH

11. EMEnflr rtui ecwerru;, afftaee. firusn 12. ijlsm' SKkvoE. coi'srirv? surtue, liniih, -cs^s

IS. tKwrs, pururtes and plaitBims.

14. l<ir. nioe^, rug lioari.ig mi soirs.

15. IntcrM "Oil rortting.

16. Ceilirio (Cncnng suilace. i; Sincctural member. learning.

18. Tbcrarsil.sixijslical iisjiation. wilfimwaHorccainj.

19 Kol clas^irci) abCM.

2. FUPj4rniflE

t\. Upholtiiiled Eofa, chair vehiOs scats

22. MonuptiititKK! chrfr, beijcJi a. Catanrti/. liShg cahlrwts, jriar/js, drensers, daks.

tatilcs snd bookcasts.

24. Ironmg botiii. 25- AoiSiSricc housing or casing. 58 Hcrt ciKJ«lit4 ilwvs.

a. SOFT (MODS. WEARING APPAfiEl

31. filatTfty. pillow 32- Eaflflirig. niankei. snsel. ttwiylortw. heJtirifi (iM

33. lintt ttA-sij, tatiiefJoths. 3^. Wianng apiml ns! on : jwrw.

3Si weanng spparB! on a pB.-san. 3* OipUci. IfUHJ. drajxry. upESlry.

3a Usgjge3S Hot ci^siiticd atfv«

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 27
Appendix C

4. WJORNMOrt, fi=CRtJinaNliL MATERtAl

'11. C^.^^^n^^s trse.

<I3 Otsgrasoft for sptsiai ewrs. ? «. Bix*.

l/^gasnt. r>ews|!»pei. uriing pgpCr. Ifcs.

<I5. Toj. BSfPe

4$, jfewning^ canopy.

47, l;!iys'^t>ii, tpni.

t SUPPUE&. SttKK

5'i. Boi tartfifi. hafl H Bosket, tarrel

53. FiflcL skid. 54. Rope, cord, Wflne, jars,, SS Pieiarxj, rapping maisdaJ.

sr. liuii JMregC53, Ei-ooriB, brjiSlKS, rnop5, tfesmftg clotf^s. aMdiriij

t. powrn TiHiisrEH ecuirmeht, htcl

fwirwital wire, csble insjlailon

K!. Tnpi?to«me;. a Coiwyut tKii, oiwc tfcli v-Deli. « Tire, 55 fue:

T, «;?*ERAL FUHM

71, ftrif;{ijitu.'ai prodKt,

7? Pjiific. pole 71 ft-nillrer 7k his^h. trush and gsiss.

75. film, cikospIe, lubbisli Imh. wasie. 7a CooVjng material!;. 7? ,?i!irL

8. SPtCIAl FORM

B), D-Jsl. Ifer. hrit. S4«i)uSt

E?. Pyrotschsics, cqjlosrres 85 Arjrens-d. vaporiigd lifjiilc

55. fJ jlsiai slcieO on iwllets. 85. W;iMlefi«fls, a? Rciies raatsraj.

a CmHH FfifOH 0? tnATERlAL

S7. Multiple lanu H matsniaJ igPilv^J.

11 IncBaSisry. 1? Ift"ea<lta(i', durinj civil ilistuitsnts.

2. SUSPICIQUS

?t. Siispicicjs. 2S SispitibLit fluttiH; dvil rlKtistjsjicE.

3 MISUSE OF HEAT DF IGNITKIK

31 *li3ntl<KMd fikrstideri msterisL dc-arctte, etc.

31. fallifis Bil«cu. S-1 Insfttquals ckjc*! ci opsn fire.

36 tUSiim wilti nwlches. dgtiltf. M.

37. UnoDnsciDUo.. rnerbl. pli^ical imrairfnern ?S Nk r.i?tsllieri abo/fe

4, MISUSE OF hWTERIAl IGNItED

'SI ?iin! Epllled. rfiMseU 2t'cnH':iii!il;'

-i? irKpropsi hislins tseftnlnue.

i'i HairtrriaBle liaum usw, ic li^ji* lire. 44 Vilaslmig i*i1. Cli-i'i i^g. fCllCilllinci, P3infci5 _

Irnpropei coinainei. +a Coai&uwlJ^s clns* » tel.

i/ Imcrsssi siaraye. 49 Not classlSieil itew.

a MECHANtCAl rHIUiBE, MULfLHniOK

01. Pan laiiure. iRSt, Siflsa^ 52. Awmmaiic wmwi failure, SisCnt circuit. ««H^iC laull. 55. Olhcr eledr(:sl Icdluie. 55. jjct of inaiiitens!5ce. worn duI. Injure to tfcaft, S7 P.jf,kfite

6. DESIGN, CDNSlFUCrtOK, l?(S»LUmOS

61. Dssig?! dfficiewy, ejti)«?io ronweaer isilM'* 62. Ci'islruclK?) acl«ieiN.y

83. Ir.;)3!!e<l m cIas: la K)fnbuSj&3i<s, M. Qihsr irralliiion liwHjncji- K Property ioo close to tndutlerl itji> exjjnjuns fires. 6a. tim dissilittO aDovp71. Collisirjo. (""anurin, kiKKkdown , 72. A;ctleiilaiiy bm\ai an. ssA tur.vM (i!!. 72- Unanendeii

?5. Spoiitsneour, hasfing /b Inipiupi" sla/tijj). sliuKw*'!! proci'dures.

75- Noi clissilkd alxwe t MAT URAL umomoia

SI. Hjgli vnitO 62, EarSKJ'JJte, Dl Itigh W314f IPfEIHOifl^i llDOdS. 64 LinMniria

6'i KdI claiiiliird ibOK a DTHEi) IBMinnN WIOKS

9"i. 32 Bekiiidlcc Ireiii a picvttae fifC 9S Nut djssilied iban.

00. No nrs.

11,17 JUVi?ttl.6 ITOLVEP IB CTniQ?!

0 -wii^^niif U(f iiM^vwi in kjfiitirm or Mo jatormaiian ihsT

1. Jifienilfc Irr.'DlvBfj in iBHition. WIS CONSIRLUmOfl CI<SS

CoiJc Na

G. No buildjug ImoVied.

1. fsrapinnl Simaii.'«. ? ifce PrriteOMi Struaum

3- Nun (-itLpiuDi Stmanrc-.

1 ViiyiC Framt Snuriure.

5. Ii<i>!?.l ."^liurairi! G Heavy Tlmbef StracniJB

14,1S CU^SSIFiCMlCH OF 8UILPINC BY USB

CQf/IMCnCIAL 59J Bark

7? 3 Rfftrtry

Bftt nepanm^nn Store

61.5 Electficjl Power Plam. 704 Faclory. Mani-OcoJpaicy, 705 Piclusy. Siisglt" CMajfJncy. J7l Kih»h!J7, B31 freight Osprt, 882 Ciarags: Hw-Sisraje, 689 G^fsge: Siors^. 757 Gjs Wtorta Matjfai Plant B5! Lumtor Vini. 573 UiiMr \fehicte Repair S^CI^ FMiftt .SlVfiP 591 Oftiii SulWIng, Salt. Clfj. f»fl*r.?l or Cnmrrssrclsl STl Cil SelSng Sattor,.

fl'il Oil Jconge fUr\: ass Pier Wtari, Dock. EiBlHiesd Euiainfl,

iSf Pcaiuran:. Diner ^5 p.t'v.stanii. iri^nis.

"/SI SliipyuW, itivilutli., SI5 Blabft. ei4 Stsam CeMtaling Piairl.

3

539 Storebuildtng. liaps>«r 893 Vtofisjse Slnrehousfi. 410 SlQic tinldiitif £ V^m'Sli t/ivdlbij, £K Other Ccmmerftial. Piiauc

1?! ftiroorl Building. 361 ATjIuin 921 SiHoR.

173 Bii-c Tfermiial. 133 Ctiardi, Synaiiopiie

1?1 ftusce Hal;. Banqiei Hall. 334 DispKsar^'. Clinic 177 Fnrv luirrifna, 33i Hosphal, SnSnnary;

311 nursiinj Hunis.

J74 Riilfaac! SWirrn, Street Ifvel.

Rciilr<jdd ilUliDri, 3t;!<w Grade.

3?S Elailraafi r>rs^en. mim Qtnrit in Si^iuoi; CrMlegij, University, "15 Schntii: Hiqh Sctool.

2'i4 Schuo!: Junior Hi^.

?15 ScMarvf: El?mtriti'>. 2Ti SriooJ: D!ildrer"E>iiirst7 21« Sclcwl; Omer,

lEi Televiisiors Studio in "[he,5lrE. t^gitimale, 1EJ ItieaiTE. MsiKn Pisurt

170 TraiiHt SyW;nn-«ahm SlructuiE. S22 Tunnel. 1* Ottier P«tj!ic RESIDEiniAL

4SS Apartmefli Knisi X i'/^ /tpnmem hoir;e "ft; 4-39 Ekarfiing House. Roi)rftiivr> Hciiise '"6"

•465 •Gtmaiil Mccloiy. Munasisrj, etc 451 QprrJinrs^-S^nocl. Qub. lodge. 44a MKici -r. 4Ki ijsdriism Utji)^ 440 MnlH.

411 Pf?v,w tjvreiliici- One ftnaly 414 Ptirdk Uv^dling" 3<m Faniil^i 420 Tanemf fit: ?15«' Law "A" •£i iiJiienHTl: Oit! Lave "A", .1?? C«-.-.~rtf(i O'/ieSling 'sr. 400 [Jliici HesEfcntigl. 8PE&1M. PROPfclfl SES S?2 flirisort Bunm^. ^ ClJKflCIV. 9S1 ConstJuctioA Sire 93? Oi-rrip. UndWI.

S31 0>6n linl Raids 965 Piftenc ikiija. u?;. 9S3 PipsliiiB. ftr.«r I ins ftit^-oi Way

962 Pv&iie Siisa

S5! Rjjimsri 5»iiichlnp 'lird, mMstialliag yaio, 936 VBCant Uils. 93S Omanar Pr(>;»rt\' Hat Civ.ifitd.

14.21 BUILOmS STAIUS COEE

c«<)6 iicstfjri&aii

1 Occupies : Tim biAfeg ir. nnrijiaiiy iuHy (vccupied

HI is Inlfnded to be tully occupied. A (bv vacaiu

srtjs, teWcft am f«niaMf. r^ijiji *ni5t, 2 HaiUy Uccusied: ]tie WliiJO isin gtxxl CDndlHtKi aiw mpr? iriif)25 pmnt ct tnc areas sit lesant, 3 Part];,' Octiupieii, [^eienoraling; TTif. tmllding fas. scime i'dua! area jiiB bii'sc aie eiKClsd 1(f jemain vacant uifiil dKrralibotnyd'.iCTiaibKaiai*

Oil ttic'cjjfldteiiO; Be I'tilJiria Brits ssiiTDLaidtii^, 4 Yacahi- ISIS tyildino fyitiffliy raMit (Even if sgusitsrArs piKenl.j 5 undsr (JemoiSiiori; Tiie Duildwg rs in tisc pincess

dI 1)eing lom drwfli 6 Under Comliuclior, Itic balding Is utidm canstiucjion Ejw: d.v??, not raw anv octjipsnts

7 Ulster ConslriKliDn: Itie buildins is partisltj' occupied, stieir*" undei 3 tensDsra/j KrIlliMti: Bl KCLpuno/ pr net. Mnte. Thir ei.tiu? co3f appfe-r, ft) ilii-builisisj.nm

\hf. fire area. ltiergk,re. catisii^ I. Jarxf " rr^ay hfl used «h£?ht-rfh(- flit ilSill OKiirrcd in £ vacani

or ix:cu;';Ed i'ei, and c&se l m»v apr<y ii tnc iirf (xturivv < 'Jfiint sisE <lor e<3mBJli.

;? Iir* 21 ? y^cJ"" .ip?.afr,)?ri' t«?"iq r^pviitrtKl f^r 2 nvj: tfinanl^. The accupied or ncs'i sraiiiE nr

iti; fi.T area ci now rEtercle&tinttK 'fiicaol OnQnV

Cade. 1566 rj.-BpraEti 2.12.2.1

28 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Explanation of Numeric Codes from 1987 to Present

4

«.?! COHPia

induOK! iis 2KSS. ismenst purs anfi gsnsEl reatabin psrtc

1Z. STADILM, DOiEITIOrj HMl COMPlfX

Indudsci tiU[Hrt5, rjcfTKaos, spons f Mens w

U CUJe SOttPLtx

IneiaJaJsjE jdlduhs. Cnais ds*s cnti couurj ciite 59 mjcfina^w. complex

Indudeo are schcwls. coSwfts iJid univcreioes, 33 WEOCftL C»f% tCMn.^

induflet act Hiepitat, Medkai Cs-rtai-, Wsottal

liisKt-jUiiis.

iiKSuOed are ^s^rtmens aves aocBS

-ft. COr«EX: tCN? ^«D TIW-FAI'SILV) 42. ARftfiTMi«i GtWPLEX 44 HDTTL COMPLEX

Indudgd are mcrels. ims and lodges

47. MOWLt «DMt FAW; CK<IPLEX

EE. £HO!^HG CflMPLEX

iffjuea- dewTreir. swes maJs. discwlftwas

arj sMrioiro alters. A: so incmtoa >n» jfrpjps 3I

wrrtsin (twte<s and oitio smw ustiWdy;

IntlaSM iiE iion-i7iiiiT37 jorfrnmam Mrne

fc) POMS P301WCII0W «!M<^tX

El MUrWJK RIEFOTIQt/ Df^CKST CCUPftNV

65 fftW COf.WPC

70. INCUSTRJAL PUfll. MAKJWai'HlNG CWilPin

60. VJWdSJUSr. SroiWGE MMPlEC

9V CONSTRlJCTIOj CCMfttX

Ijidudea a/t Awjiimi openBoiii. 91 CAWPSIir COk'lPLEX SH WWEflfROUT CUMKLtX

Incwded are (Hdnixcs Si. RALLRCUQ TfUJJSFafTT CDUdEX

96 t!€AC CtX-tPLEX hclwScd art hiQJwiyj. slittU »rH3 a!l pubri ways

37. AfflPOTT COMPLO

B tttia proper*', meeong m i3e*ni8(» ^ j comjfiK

as defined above kcntuxn. Iiicj rii/ytie «K£c3teO

bi CofTipti toji: SO W£A FIRE ORIQR lUJ FUXIB CCOE

01 "St riDor CO to W 9!)in mo Hlgh«r 9J «t!C

9« Cril2r 90 S«il-Cdif M.a Anu fiF.£ DBicmOB m m mining

CGMiaUClAL

01 Orestes OS UfiSesiin'cnl C3 Olrtsi islalc lypt'i W Diy Cljanms Uirwry

05 DeQiicjj -TaflucTs Oe rood anc Oiinh FffxluQs

06 FuK. Far Goads

<H Wens Hze

10 Wamai's Hals n LEB835t Leather Products 12 Hatfime Srtcp MslslV/Bite 13 Paiiiii 14 Papei Products 15 F*tioiewn PreQusis 16 PUitks, f; libber !7 PfinTi« aiW AJiied Induslres

IE Eboss

15 lEcaes W fcy at M

2? Otftr f-ctctunes not dassified (sai* Stow.

2-! eatery 25 Bi.itdier 26 Cjndj. Stjai, Slationar)' 27 CititjB.15 It Dsrsmrem. lagi! 29 Daiaffmeii. srnall (5 £. 1OJ 3C Dry Cleuar £ 'gilor 31 Drng 32 ElEOtri:^ AppBiaim

33 Nisa aid tegeuKM

35 iBTDCery, Uaiiy, Delicatessan 35 Haserdastoy 37 ladies Aoces.4o:ia

33 PaitE, Hir*>(3re 40 rfesiiiirsri LimdisorsKte

<1 SUM

11 Snof Repar

43 SupCfaiarW

T?.«m 45 Oifisi siorei not ctassiiieD (stalB type)

4C Non siarapt 47 SUwije

46 Oil Ssif sortion 49 Molor piir Srajp 50 OtflM auilSftJ

5155 Piper, teg?, fitrt

t>3 OBit i {satp rnM)

5< fi;igh; Depct 55 ftei

SfllpiliiTj ST iimtB yan)

5F. Sried. N?/6taia, Stor,; at M (Mm Commeioal 8uiWin} Oocupaadrs, nut da5Si!i«

DO Apar.inent. Hotel. Uultipla IV-sEng tr

61 AwTiiKnl Hsust, Multjle [>»eJifi9 X

t2 EoarOrng HpUM RcOCBFig HOHSe Moltlp't DvtfliriB f"

t3 HMd, Mullitfe fttmliing "B" *< Ldicti? wwav, wuiUBtc Dwtfing "B" €5 Ptiuiis D^^llitj €E R(Mi/>. Conwnt. MonasStr^. eti., €7 Tenpmfm: HQijsf. rim, Law, Wu'tipte Dwii-JIno "S" 68 Tenfflvm- House, Old Law, UvUple [hrellinB Ti" *9 Oawr RtJMtrtlLjI. no! dasstfied (slate lype) Pu45c

70 ftirpon 71 Catufd. 62iiqCKl Hill 7? Clmre*

73 ttence Mall 74 H(V£|iiu' 7i Mav56 PiiHiin; TficatB; 7E Pl.Y. TjarKit Xyvsm Sulior 7r Rasswi^tr CH!33t * &(Jl(IOl 79 llBitlre 80 I.V. aucSo

«1 ODHI Pwsac. not KASSifiHi rstalf lyse)

U24 Adea OF mi mm

Sl ums m tesEss

Cfl. Hsilvray. ccrriaot mall. 02. exjt'\i3t suirway.

03. idKripr ssarwsj.

04. Escalata. K. Lobby. EiilrenEB wy.

05. Iiiut dasssfiEd sbore.

I. «SS6MgU' UREA

II. Fott! serls (IM or mors [lenams)

12. Wiflttjut fjjEd seais ^100 or more jarsons!

53. WiUi or w!tr«5i! lEisd sssli (l«» tMft 1 DO wiassa

11. IH-ing P3CHn, larrolj- (jyim, terng? j.nej,

5&, Sales, shtr«r!»iii area.

16. UbrSTi'. in salliSriK. «AiSt. U SwlETimiJii; jjool 3r^3.

1ft Ha cljM'ftsC atoe,

21 Bedrnojns. WJleir lOoms. cSls. locsKup5. 22. Wards, (toraitofiss, banracks. a. Dl(sir(; are;, luMtiteora. esfWiSKkctien. csotii^g sra. ciuawuoffl,

26. L»undry arci.

38. Heann ciu&s. nBsssge: psilars, temet, bswtf.

S1, LabcraBsry.

32. Prtniiig or;plwtigic|3(iic loKn

33. First aM. iM!imsnj exm.

24. Ocaratino room

35. f-^mrtjrat, wmpulti, tticuiiijiK fixm, IslsplHmr booth. 36 Pertoimaice. staj'e area. Indoor spous.

37. Projtciwri mat. sbas lijlil, 55 Pnocess, KanuBaurins sjes.

^1. Tank. Hn. praJiic irorsp? room.

12. Clcs*t. <3 Supply reora. <4_ RHcrrds srangt jociin. ir^pn. 45. Sliiptang rccovnig. ki^idric riaH rwni,

'56. tf^is* *r ruQCsifi uwiiliiiier, coiripa'dlcr. «7„ Garagii ^rjwl nfjiSj storage. 49 Wat ciaailied abow.

5. SERVICE fflClUTTES

51. Eievotor auii»£iiri,

5?.- Eiecincai, piumbinj. witlalioi! Jihaft. S3 Li^Jitshan,

54. LaumJiy or rasll chme.

56. Oud,

66, Oisplaj' wndBW

57, Chimney, flus, aoirepipe. 56 Comwior

Sfl Sot dassliM abfti*

S, 5EJW1C!:, EQUIP'MEHT AREA

61. WacWre/y mom

E2. tiBMing KjiKpnent. fJSri htiter arw.

63. .SwitUtOear ar<a. Iransbnncr vi£»H. 64, incweratar toom ati.

6!3 Mintensnce jhgp. .vwlitup, pant stiop, viWni}

siiop. 66. MS! OK.

e?. 6ncK'«ui? -wra pressctiiEa sir. 68. fcnclosurt ytm enrtcbad e^ygun .stmiwififwre- 63. Not classified above.

7. SmUCTUnAL .SROiS, WftW-fUNCTlOnM71. Crjrivi space, ctEar, 5ub5lruaur«l area.

72. Exiarior balwmy. nnMi Wit*.

73 noDf aiMf ceVat) ssiwutily concealed floc«/c*lling iparj;

74. RiWI And crfiing avjomljly. tuiiurabd lool/scoilins

7.'; Wall assf moiy. cuiiceiltd wall space, 76 Exlerwr rrall suffice. 77 tMertar iMi surtacE. 7i 'wiwiij. a'/«rrafig.

/y. Wcl classifitd 33>iw^

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 29
Appendix C

8. nUHSPOHUmOH. VEHICU ABE*S

81. Passenser area. 82. "InflA, loac carrymg area. 83. Engkw. nwiitig 5i«ai; wfjsel area. M. FikI tank, fuel 6ne

85- C^ratng, comroi area, cab, cockfit.

86. £xlerto» e«pt>s«<J siirta<a, 89, M classified abose, ,

9. 0THS5 *fi£AS Of OfBSm

81. CSi « »ie« raiiroas n8« way, 'emtartcmert.

92, CNi o» !ie» tiigff«3)i. putfe way. street.

93. ferrace. paSo. courtyanJ. 94 Uwn, fieW. open area, vacant lot. 95. Wi^&snA area, wootfs.

97, Mi4^ l»^0!i.

98, Vacant worn, apartment m »«a. 9a No! dassite) aiimt

14J!5 MAHWtR OF EmBStOH

Cade HS. 00 CoflliftW tc af*a * aripj,

01 Cocldatt. SK Door or opentns belweCT rooms. 03 Root,

(K flaflJtjai. 06 Pifie RiKess. 0? StiatS-flurribwatlef 08 Shafi^ievjtw 09 ShaJl-au, ugK Cfaite. Duct. etc. 10 Ceilii^

11 Winoow

12 Ottwr (5tK*1yp«i u n HOtuBEB ig 8cc«rawcgs

Codes Ceso^tisi]

01 1 otcupSHKy {& 2 occupamaes

89 99 or nan ocaipanoes

t4.a BUtLOISGS

Gsdc: 0 9 0— at)) raji DeyontJ byStSnj of orisjis 1—1 stnjclure or reticles

14.29.2 lype

1. Sn«*E

2. Hea

M.293 Pwer Source

1, Baftwy

2. WC

M.S,4 PertotmanM

1 In rocati (S %m: opersitM)

2. No! Bi room o( fire; operated 3 In room oS fire; <Sd m iwnte

4. I*at ffl nxra ol fire, sfe! ntM operate 5 In mom; fire toe smati to tii»f3te 6 0«3 not opeiae; pom soww rtanovefl

9, Not OzssiM vua POWER fOR EOUBTaarr

01 V23wttsAXl

02 24 w«5 A£.

11 U vote 0£.

12 )-12««sDC.

tS 115 volts A£.

26 206 vi*5 A£.

30 220-S0v(«s A.C 33 231-^ votis A.C 34 231 or h^hef votts AjC

50 S-50 V5*s A£.

61 Buune

62 Coal. Ct«. Ctiartoa, Pea ^ 63 Fiiri Oa. No 1 or Kq. 2

64 fuei Oil, No 3 Of Mo 4 65 fuel Oil, fto £ 01 No. 6 66 Gast*M

G7 Umme

tiij LN gas (stored as taiKi; 6S LP gas (sttwd as iiipjtB) 70 Matur3! or mumiixamg gas (e a gas}

71 Paper

J2 Pfopsrw 98 (Nki U3t asm TOR rtn of actoh tm^

1. ExungusfimeM

2, Rescus 3 iiwestjgstion 4 ftemti»« HizanJ & StandSy 6 Smsi

?. firs! Ak) 5 Canc^etl EnnsftB

5

06 First AW—RestisotatiBii 07 Maring

138 fyeearjoiE toidibofi—Syjs, 'Bees, «e, 09 Sulsway, FUiarosd 10 ViOer Leait

11 6oiTil)--Unfc0o(led, Sc»ni

12 Coaa[»e—Cs«t; In 13 CoJSsioft-Wtfailar tocidwt

14 COTtroSsd fi«- Peftnittsd 15 Rood Condifem—8jt*en Water Mats

16 li>ctri«ralor 17 Uak—fuel Oil. GastAne, etc. ia i^alk—Buimajing Gas. BamrtvaWe Vapor

TS Us^ItTBTIB 20 Oi&gm

21 Person tjocked to, lockisd Out 22 f4wer BeiSTcal 23 Presaae Rupsure 24 Retrtgeran! leaJt 25 StTfflte Coftdifen. ftlw. hmies

26 Spr«*lw-lj*.Wto!nB£jia9E, Cfama^Head.a:

27 Seam Ofecft^

28 Dstesttve Alarm Oeroe (ottiw tncn ^stoWer) 29 Smc*e Oet«a»f 30 Ddeetiw AtoTii (Spjii*ler)—St«t5B. Wteli ori System, etc

31 Otier M33 Hmm PHOPEKTY TYI^ CODES

11 Autofnoljtle 12 Bus

13 (.totorcycae, SsowmcSSt

14 Motortwnw

15 Travel laiter 17 Mohite Ham

20 Rw!^. RoK) tanspon

30 Rail Irsnspwl 40 Water T-ransport 50 Aif Transson 60 He»y Eawpinent 70 Saeda! Vehtctes, Containafs 99 Ottiet MfSiile Property Types

9—9 or mare twtkSrigs or veiTiciBS

MtirE: Form ef-24A must tie wbn«t«) for eacft Suatfens et vwiete iKied in ttus coded space.

MJZS SAWAIg roOES

14.26.1 Percentase Codes 0 1^0 a|»>r«csble damage

1 From 1 throusf! 15%

2 From 16 through tSm

3 S0% or greaier

14.28.2 EWeffi o! DsmagE Codes: To be used in i!K Dam^ CaiBSory Bo«K 'Fiaroe, Smoi« and

Vtfater".

1. Coufirwd to o!!)ee ei orij^r!

2- Cof*ned to pan d itm « area ongin. 1 CoflJined to roorr. o( taKJ"

4, Cortned IB fei-itse ctmanrrieim orijin,

5, Cofltmed to flow ol ortjm,

6, Co<5li-ied to structure of ortgic

7, EflenOesJ t)«yond the structure ot origin, e Ho tsamage ifas type.

14.29 ^Ottf AHD HEAT DFrECTOR CODES -

14.29.1 Present

1 Presew

C Not Present

14.32 CiASSIFICHTKW 8Y TYPE FWE OR EI>KB6EWC¥

Cede Na

87 SiJip, Vessel 88 Wotot Ventde 89 Other Transportatto (aate type) NON-SnoiOURAi !WES (Me Na. 84 Ex[dosion. rHj aft» im

as OutssSe Sia/Uak witfi fte

'

86 AW (AbatKkmeO/Oei^ia M«sf Vefatie) 90 Bonfire 91 Brusti. Giiss 92 Demt*tiw Wood, SuSding Site 93 Dun^ iai»d Rl! 94 Rub&tsti—Outside BiJiliSnj 95 Manffflle S6 N,Y. Ttan^ System—IfiitsJ. Roa*«^. Ties. «c.

97 Railroad Ysns. Roalway, Ties. etc. 98 tunnd, Bn£lge 93 Othtf Noti StrucJiiral. not das^ied (stale iyD«} EMERCENCY

i33 Elevator. Escalatw '

' .

'

. 04 Eiqitosives Escort 05 First Aid-Assist PetS0RiS|

30 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix D

Significant Fires in WTC 1

Significant fire incidents occurring in WTC 1

Significant Fire

Incident Date Fire Location

# Sprinklers

Activated

# Standpipes

Activated Cause of Fire

Material

Ignited

1 9/9/77 B-6 level storage room

2 None listed Not listed

~i 9/23/77 Dumpster on B-4

level

T Not

classified

Trash/waste

3 10/16/81 Floor 19 office area 2 Discarded

material

Furniture

4 12/23/83 2 dumpsters on B-4

level

'J 1 Suspicious 1 rasn/waste

5 1/27/85 Oiiice space on mezzanine level (floor 2)

2 Incendiary Irash/waste

6 9/10/83 Garbage dumpster in ser\ ice elevator lobby on floor 43

2 1 Suspicious Trash/waste

7 1 1/1/85 Storage closet on B-4

level

3 1 Suspicious Supplies/stock

8 6/7/86 Dumpster fire on

floor 106, compactor room on floor 107

2 1 None listed Trash/waste

9 9/30/91 Office on B-4 level >1 2 Discarded

material

Trash/waste

10 11/19/91 Electrical closet on

floor 93

0 2 Short circuit Electrical wire

or cable

insulation

11 Level B-5 at the power distribution panel0 2 Electrical

failure

Electrical wire

or cable

insulation

12 11/10/99 Computer room on

floor 104

3 >1 None listed Plastics, electronic equipment

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 31
Appendix D

fJ*ME OF OCCUPai>l3 !IOO*«,U« MO

17 a 1 . 10 7 OOt CI

!—

t»P£ f<©. SECI. fIS.

7i J?(tij 't. « in

13pon sxrlTa.! at cofmand poarfc MiLa tcsld of fir® in 1 6 Iwel storage T%>om^

opera'fci.ons uj& f<&l-l©ws» Ladder 1 laad® n^cess&ry Irfata^tioag locafciiid flre^ xentedp OT<ii1i.scnl»!i»

Kixcia© 6 etre£sh&d llae frem standpipis and steed r&ste

Fire tob extiELgcished by sprinkled systea fcafor* arri¥al«

Fire patrol e 2 on tfee ecene.

lady £» DiG^rgio

nit mu K*»*£ Ilu't OF *.1!»IU«L rvsfc ^uu wAii'

32 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

A.DOKESS

BUIIDING

MAj-\t or OCtVPAMI

LEFT IN C»*HOE

05 \\\

5^ • ^ , ' ss ! PC

' [1

^ ^ . 1 , 1 M : HI

1 ^ s i 1 ffi ^ i

3 < *

1 5

i

' V

• .-^'x 'A \ if?! %

f i ji

OPERATIONS

Eespondsd to >-7CKlflCllamjal ILtm)

Ucon arriTtl laforeftd *f flr» In DBz^ei- l«Tei 1 WC. Op^«^

g,^ Bollftd up lanfths stood fast* ^ , I:-; J„l- S«arch. «i^natloJi» T«ntdlatloA of B-V l8ir€!l, conditions »« rt«t«)Ulire 'uii rUxS HUE Of 4BI1IVA1 TWt fUll KA.MI IL*»t Of A«llV*l

ADMINISTRATIVE COMPAhlY

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC investigation

33
Appendix D

ADiVlJNSSTRATIVE COM?AWY

34 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

" STRUCTURAL FIRETTRANSPORTATION FIRE, NON STRUCTURAL FIRE OR EMERGENCY

STREET NAME

IF MOBILE PROPERTV LI I

?gS^R|*l NO I Flimrrii

IIIMI 1 lllllll millimp

'83 'Bf lllllll

III lit IIJ

IIMT PIS \»i iMiii

20) kiiiij'6 III

p .ill 231 i3f, OPERATIONS

Idu(L.8 (eont.)- Joreed door to Otiiom ztKai#2073

£•8.1- Ch*ck*d Test docta azitd stairmgrs oa coBd abore rir« floor, ••oixr*d

paEBengcr elevators serrixis rir« floor.

Patrol#i- Oa scene, salrage voric oaa 16th and iTth floors.

Patrol#2- On acetie, salra^e work os 18th floor.

DiT.1- D.C, Eossi oa scene, in charge of Bepartaent operations ttpcm arriTal.

1

Jaaea J. KcKezma I9i6 John C Boss!

PA( Ei TIME OF ABRJVAL TVPIFUU NAME TIME Of AfiFUVAi.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 35
Appendix D

36 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1
Appendix

D

0)

u

O

O •tS rO

-H o as j H iH +5 O %-« 4-> 0) a, -H ;C ^ T s +^ <^_i- tn

(1,

q

C

<»

d o

j3 +J -tJ >>

4->

p

n r- o o P 'H G -iJ t3 O +i !^ OJ-H nJ O S jj P3 +3 CO -f> C O H O U CD O HO <U W tt) <1> to J< o 5 O fO-H

TW

U

»'C( ^ W

4J o H

CO

a)

w

do

4-5 f-i +J

C

C <D T-t

W 0) c o 3 a> <D-H o Xi nd Si O

n! ft <U 4)

C

f-1 to ^ tiO O 03 £

BP*' i/5 ^

-HW

cd

_ c 2 a -H p;

4J PO ->t3 <^C

'H

CU

0}

m 0) 0 

h +J -P O

-P t-<

O

U

O OrH

O. Q. 13 a> a> 0) C M (-1 r5 1 -ri Q> >V O 0) 3 P O P tH

Q) 4-> <JJ p O W Q)P

+J +3 r- P W

+J «50 3

£0

C

O W)

•H T- • P

CO ll^ $^ -t-> > o a> I X

-HO 'O

O f-i O-P <-

Id

M -^-^ I

C-P

C

O c3 (U tsfltJ a,P P -r-l c

-P 3 W «U

r

FIRE RECORDS

38 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

8160199

tf MOBILE PROPEfiTV

raSPSlAl NO

5 007 02

5 7^ OPERATIONS

Engine 6- (teamed with E.10) Assisted E. 10 in Standpipe stretch.

Engine 7- Manned the Standpipe phone in Stairway B on 1 st Fl., relayed

messages to and from Command Center

Ladder 10- To ^3 fl, stairvay B, found fire, searched h3 fl (negative)

made neeeesary examination and overhaul of fire area. Ladder 1-to M+ fl, searched for fire, smoke extension, searched for troubled

occupants (negative) Checked top ten fls (101-110) for smoke (Neg.;

Ladder 8- Made secondary search of h}, fl (negative). Searched fls M+ to U-9. Searched affected service elevator cars #17 & 29.

Batt. U~ Set up operations post on M-3 fl. Communicated with Command Center,

supervised operations of units on ^3 and Mf fls.

E. W, E.3 (HiRise Unit), L.l5 & Res. Co 1 stood fast, took up. oi Brooklyn Cos responding on supplemental. Boxes 903I & 9032 at 161? hrs Batt 31,

Batt 32, £. 205, E.Zfi 279, L.lbl, L.1 10 stood fast, took up.

F. C.U. - Established Field Kqtrs, Monitored Communications.

Sprinkler heads (2) replaced by P. A. personnel.

Signal 10-1+1, Code 1 transmitted, Evidence of separate, previous fire

reported to FM McCaffrey.

Responded to Scene: AC Matthew Farrell, Manhattan Borough Commander

Time 1609

161

1627

I6if0

E.10

Batt 1 Div 1 Div 1

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation

39
Appendix

D

©ooou o

r-io coco

•H

4-5 -H

•ccoooo oucc

T3

C CSo uoocsa aX

r-4a,aoouo

-a

iSOaoo

*5

c:>

ISco c

a.eoo O O >o

cea

•ae

0) x:o

r-ic

x>

O T* o S

J3 V- x>ooa

C3C3O oncuc

+»co

CSup

t3

U

ftu

x:

x:Haoou

szc

XJ

tocoe

<-io M>

a>*uoom

"oom

•r4

31

^0

?!

li

5-

40 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

r»C|-V»r% 1 — MUUII lUllHL UHIH

STRUCTURAL FIRE. TRANSPORTATION FIRE, NON STRUCTURAL FIRE OR EMERGENCY

» —it I

1 = I k ^ . - A. j-^ f

' >> 1 i

UNIT PJS- '* = OPERATIONS

Ji5

j>-10 stretched line into fire area from standpipe and extinquished all

reicaining in closet area

i-'? Stretched line frx>n opposite side of fire and stood fast

- .Z-S assisted IMO in stretching line and relieved on line and then washdovm •

I^IC found fire and perforced necessary VE3 and overhaul in area, mace

prioary and secondary search , then up

L-1 perfom&d necessary VI£& and checked for possible extension in

surrounding areas

Tines: 10-&4- CK4-08 10-75 0^10

All i;ands

10-41-1 04-25

1

JoseT/h L. barracato CW-08

TYPt FUU NAME TIME OF ARRIVAL TYPt FULL NAME ADMINISTRATIVE COMPANY

TIME Of ARRTVAL

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 41
Appendix D

b3 C

CD O

•X3 u a e d o

o U -H

u a

e o

c U V

-H «M 3 t3 U O

O «H o

<-i cd> ° &

a

o

JS.G

oc

o

43 X>

-rl «

<1> O X cr O S E

a >;o

o ^

c o

o

e o

S!O

•o§o

a

CDP.o

o

O

«4

o —

0) M

r-t >

«

-p

<sS

0}o.o

a

-pC

V to p o

o

O Vi © © O

> *J T- o i vi c 3 c

5-

42 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

KEPORT — ADDITIONAL DATA

STRUCTURAL FIRE, TRANSPORTATION FIRE. NON STRUCTURAL FIRE OR EMERGENCY

» SFBlAl NO

TTT"

1 GC1 Op 5 C03 02

•

77 63 1(1*

UNIT F7Si_

:

''ic. L' i3i iii

1.7- Loc:-- arrival reported to ^^o"^|^^oor ar.d stretched fron

s^cT-d'-ipe to fire and extinguished sanie. Tire ir. dir:;?ster

.-vssisted L.1C ir. ;:-_i-.in£ search of area. ..egatxve

n n'o~ted tc -iC-etl-. floor, ordered to st:-nd f^st. 3ier. up.

L.1C lle^crted tc 1C7t:. -^=cr oun. ..re^^^ ^—.Jf^t^f

L.l ..e^crt^d lG7tr. -Iccr. ..-^siste;! .^dder 1C ix. search ar.d cx"-^-

H-1 .-.earcr.ed fleers aocve fire, i-ig-- sr.c-.e. ..fe^..wi.e. .hen w

i/ A~ i-5 Ir-it: v.rc-ered to 1G-2

1,1 a:.d -.-1 . -he:: Ui..

TYPfcF(JLLNAM£ TIME OF ARRIVAL TYPE FULL NAME TIME OF AHBIVAL ADMINISTRATIVE COMPANY

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation

43
Appendix D

44 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 45
Appendix D

5J .

nJ ; 3 fc-:

53 IP MOBILE PROPERTY n M ! I Ml'

TYPE YR. lira UCE.MCC swe

Iff?

j3 n 1^ f £ Li355' 1:02?

231

55 ! L

i : if

! 1 i>'

i f r ^ , g ! fj- i ! 1 P» ! ' S 1 ^ M i i 7f^nCiEw20-|-7 -110 fa. 0 p|i3 1 p\ 0 :|? fjOOp ^'<30

' " ' . OPERATIONS '

. •

_ STR7;.TEGY; TO atteApt to ccntain the fixe situa-tlon to electrical

closets-^ ar,a to prevent panic and hycteriE in occup«naiGE

with large civili&n popvflati-one , am^ establish parametere

af fixe and tmokG condition, as quickly possible.

-Action taken:

1. D-n -srrival -at KTC coiasuanfl post, ass'jjned corTcris.nd of

^ire Gituaticr.

2. Coin3iiujiiGate<a vith I/aader Co. lOnwho confirjneiS fire

situationon floors 93, 9^, 95 and pos£ii>ly on S6,

3* Ordered the trahsmicsion of signal 10-76 p^isefl en; potential for large voliune of Slrc^ height to fire

;:r area, tlmc involved in lanitB response, difficulty in

effecting good voice cojrjiiunicationB in buil«3.in.g,

4, Ordered Manhattan Dispatcher to i.lert 10-76 arriving

units to afiseroble in Loliby Stagiiig. area, pending ; unit aKijiyiuiieiit r

•

1 . • . 5. Ordered firnt alainu units to conduct fSiligent aeoxch-.

6. OrSared 1st alarm Engine comp2.nics to- stretch frow the

"A" stairwell, but not- to use. water -antil confrimation

of power off wes received for electrical cloBets, -.

OHE

Xjawreiice M. Byrnes

T>-pe FUU HAME

1S50

TVf C rULL NAME

46 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

^S-ViK DATE A^D TTME v. iGMmoN ;>;^SiBVCTURE/> AREA Ofj-;^J/.: fKr^i'-^^-

, j^:.

if 3|ll|2k|4bi6|lf

i 1 Wir 1 S2i

17, . 3? , 43

- '/p / NUM8EH -" STREET NAME

" /

w r

1

t

\ f Hi

M , U j M f [

! 1 1 1 ! 1 M ! I TRADE! CER'TERi [ 1

;

b6

Kori^l XrUei Cen^4:ri

OCCUPANT {Dnverj KQO^WT.

1 J- ;

' : : . 11(1:; iiinijliTl

TYPE Yn. as

237 UNFT PTS OPERATIONS

7. Con£ix"ns2d vilrh vrrc xjcirsomiel, engineering staf;£ es iio tisc frarue 6or electrliE.! pov^er r&p-ovnl for effected flooris,

E. Denied '.vTC Police requact l:o inialete general evacuation

of floors "S3 to roof level", "oased on unknowns of: a. smoke • conditions, b. stair availeiiility , c.Eisvr±)ers o£ people that

may be involved,

9 yt.on noT^itica-iicn i>y WYC Enginaarinc staff of {2) elevators

stuck et floor EE and lOl, Ladder Co. C aEeignsa task of

victtffi renoval, as acccTipanictJ by Wi-c elRvator nechanic,. \ 10. As Chief Officers arrived at Conmand Post tnsy v;ere issued

Kandie TalXicS and their ftssigiimentn^

11. Called for EMS ronponse for reported b-urn victim (mcchanxc : vith facial burns and for pccsible ne^dn, _ 12 Pri.-nar4 s&arch of uoper floors oroved tc tii^G consiming

due to* large floor area end limiteci Hsndic Talkie capzibiilitiDS

,

conducted by Ist alarm trucks, i 13. R«SCUQ Con-.pany 1 assigned to follow-up Eccondarv search of . <;•

li ^0-75 Sigr.al praved varv effective , provided rutwediate , response oZ Chief officers to iiitiate various sector- controls

_T^w-rft7icp M. Svr-ngs 1

DC.

lYPE FULL NAME -^SE rULL NA.WE 1 IMf AHBiVCO .

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 47
Appendix D

BF-24A

: STRUCTURAL FIRE, TRANSPOFrr/VrmNjRREy^^

DATE XnD time;-- BCW ; '

' ' ^ r-rr—

''/P/ "

' alarm" received • / LOCAriON / > / J?'

—y li^/.^ Li /- kilM,

OCXUPAKfr (Dnvw)

IF MOBILE 'ROPERTY M i

i ! i ! }

!

! ! i M H hii! inuiiiini 1) \\\\ ^ 1 V ! h !

' :5 1 TVPE va 'M

5s i

i y ! • ; tei

i i S J

: »-5 M B i

'.

1

i 1 i

1 1 n li

. S ; 1 r I ^

;^ 1 i 1 .

? S 1 ! ^ i t ? y 1 ! « ; ? 1 1!| [; 5 h ffi h

OPERATIONS

Chief Officers at scene!

. ac

DAC.

DC.

DC.

B.C.

B.C.

B.C,

B.C.

B.C.

B.C.

B.C.

B.C.

E. Butler, ,

,

H . Meyer5

V. Dunn

L. Byrnes

R. Ardisson

Davisop.

Roche

Shelley

V?agner

Dawe

Cesar):

CW Duty,

Div. 1,

Div. 3,

Batt. ONE,

Batt.

Bstt

Batt.

Batt.

Batt.

Batt.

24,

6,

31,

22.

7,

Safety Battalion.

Personnel Present at Scene:

R. Sclbirer Fire Coirun. Laison,

D.C. Basile El'IS Supervisor,

Lt. Valle IJYPD Pet. 1 supervisor,

Mr. T. Canceliiere WTC Bldg Mgr.,

(2) Representatiive of Salvation Array.

Lawrence M. Byrnes

aN. 1830

DC

TsrPE FUU NAME TIME AftHIVED TYPe FUU. NAME

48 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

REPORT^*AODITIONAli' DATA^- ' '

STRUCTURAi^.FIRE^jmNSPORWm^

nOmber n iij f| M M M II i I : L I ! i : I i t; i i jM t

f| H IpORLp! TRADE 1 CENTER h}i ! j

' i j |

Centp;:

*flEA WUIH2/ LENSTH

MOBOf

PROPERTY

i3 OCCUPA.NT (Dnw) 113 ROOMJAPT. 1« 123

4 1 ;

! t iiililiin

I ! 1 ! i

= !• !

i i inn i

: ! 1 h j 11

TYPE YTL MODEL L,Ci^SE STATE

' g i ig.i

O

Mi ^ I iii !

=

1

i I 2v uNPr rrs.

Tiir.e Sequences;

Sicnal

Box S0E4

10-84

10-76

10-44

10-84

10-75

22-S0e4

lO-S-S

-• UC/E084

Injuries;

T:.ne 1C27

1G30

1833

1842

1845

1048

1858

1904

200S

SS !

•

ft 1

: M ! I S ' r

^ H « =

OPERATIONS

Ey Order of:

Dispatchor

Batt. 1,

Batt. 1,

Batt. 1,

Div. 1,

Div. 1/

Batt. 1,

Car. 6B, Chiif Butler,

Car. 6B, via FCU.

Euperficial burno,

chest pains.

r.l t ^ SI

Unit Citations to submitted for Ladder Co. 10 ind Enyine Co. 10.

BC

TYPE FULL KAME

OHE

a^4.

TIME ARRIVED

v 5

TYPE FULL NAME TIME AflHIVEO

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 49
Appendix D

^-•'.'^.»l,.'' 'v ' REPORT -ADDITIONAL DAir,^

^

STRUCTURAL FIRF;.TRAMSPORfATM- RRF, NOffSTRUCTUI^j^i; pipg

OATF AND.1 IME / BOX; . IGN; 0:/jy ALARXARLceivFr /LUv^Tioy ; ^ / /TTZT^Ty/'TTTTl -'f-J cw

///

/ • ! t*' ^ 1:2 i='

/ Rtnr-t

1

1 m

Xbrld.

MOBILE! pi i pROPEFTTV

. 1

i S

1

) IS' i i la e ill

. ! ;

; fi 1

ft: 1 r

i s J El! i 1 ; 1

i Ml li

; « 1 t |4 r r ill

UNIT PTE. OPERATIONS

"nq . 10 Raepoiia^cl to :.chG 93rd floor, stretchc-^^*

cf 2h" hosEf licokvifl up t-.o Et.andpip«s i^-f*

Er.o . 0

3nci . 7

Fellow

ttssisticd Lac. 10 in Be?.rch and ^"3^^

2 4th floors, used c fog noEzle to

in clcctricel closets j as3istc;cl in ^- cxvilian-., ccrinccted tio tuii'^i.igsi

Rospondea to the 95th floor, 3tretiJJ|,^j

'

2i^'''}iose, Qtood fast, assiisted in t$|p

of Sire area, cQnnuaLcci to -ajid s^l'^P/J:,;

ii 1 arc e s e

: FsCSpynaud to the 93rd floor, fitr 25i".hosa from the "B" sstairway, o^H^.

ECC. connected to Gtc-ndpipe and ^^^^

; Re.EDOnded to the 57th floor, hodK«.y|^

2h"~ t'-'OH'A, Etooa faat, eliictf-.d

ir.g Engi,ct(''ConE.nies reoor.ted to LOt>l>Jfe^fe8^

StWcS fast: EncT. 18, 205 , 24,

** E-10 also need dry chen cii ^'^.r.p!^'-?^

La-Srenne M. Byrnes 1830

50 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

-;^:;.:JSTRUCTURAlr.FmE5f^ FiRE OB^pERGEf^CYlU

STRUCT UHt/. : AREA OF-ri" /: .HHE j^... .

t> Z*^ / NUMBER - /^7^ft.y

R * ^—'—

t

STREET NAME

|MO|di>| s-Rjaskj i^kfliiiki \ i

£M

, 1 - ' ' ' <

'

! ' M ! ? I i i i

OCCllPAWI (DtwbiJ IF MOBILE- PROPERTY

'

1

' i 5 »!'::> ; ]•{ 1 II'-' > iniiiUui! ? MODEL

«1 Slil

f

f

?: 1 t-r i

i

1 fe; i 1 k: i : i M ti h 1 i 1 i

' ^ K 1 ! II

! 1 'T I ; ^ ^; n fH

- i

i i ^, ! ^

? • i ; t

,.

UNIT FTS. OPERATIONS

U131T OPERATIOKS cont:

T^d, 10; Conducted orimair^' searcli on floors ?3, 94, 55, an<3 and W.. Uni-t r;piit into 3 tGDjTiG , locateddfire

condition in elfectricnl. diEtribution closets, called

for placerj.ent of han-d lines, conducted opening up

onaratioitK on 5>4Lh floor to c?nc!ck for fire crtenEion,

evacuated unknovm mejober of civilians from flooi's 94

throuah 95" ^i^ring initial operations

Lad- 1: Con<3uct<5d priinary searcn on 5 3rd floor, conducted

seconficx^V search or. floors 94 to ICl, proved to b&

negative, conduetec surv-ey on floorc SI -ihrough 92

tvr water £2jr,«,ge to elsctxicai closets due to Jilind,- line v:B-e, negative.

Lad. 15: Coni3uctcd prinary and Eeconds.r^' s-eezrche'S of "floors

93 to 97, negative results, • •

' Lau. 8; Conducted cxazuination o£ floors 92 to 1,01^ "Por- possible fire extension from electrical closets,.

and 95, , -,

, Lad. 110; Performed Eecondarry search of floors 96 through 110, . ji^gat-ivG reGults,

''

' ONE- nn '

" '

Lav.-rence H. Dvrnes 1830

TVPE rULL NAM* TYPE FU'lL NAWl'" T'^E/(fl/liyED^li-.^^

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 51
Appendix D

STREET NAME

liiii 1

I

1 1 1 1

i \ % 1,^^ i IS i 1

iS II

1 1 I- 1 \

\ 1

i Ini 1 ji| 1 \ 1! i i

fiV

sa-' UNir fix s«3 OPERATIONS

Oinlt Opera-tiooE Cant: " ' Lad. 6: Condoicted scnondsry search S<5 floors ICS to 110,

negatlv^tgsul tB , removed [2) civilians from stsllcd

eTevators on the SEth and 3.01 st floors, n& irotiries

to civilians, cr damage to bailding^

Lad. 20: Conducted secondary search of floors yi],99, -and 100

negative results.

Lad. 131: Conducted search of floors 105 to 110, wit.h negative

eesults .

•-

^ Field CouJuuriic-atioiis unit; Set up Conmnnications/Comraind Fost_

in Basianent, Gotftmand Post,

Eafctalion 2 supervised T.obby Sta.ging Area,

Bittalioas 4, 6, and 7 operated on various floors pith.

units so assigned, ' /

Division 3 operated as Operations OIC on yariouG fioore»-

. Division 1

' CDetrat^sd at the Cornmand. Post as CIC • v :

• j j/'j .'j/'/i' .f^-';~' 'o 'si^ •'

l^wrcnce H. Byrnes

6.M. 1830

TYPE FULL MAfcil- TYPt Ff.L NAMC TIME ARRlVtU

52 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 53
Appendix D

>. DATE AND,TlMF:>r:/" Boxl-; ll^NmoN~"^?^/si;R(jglllR^^

1 so .0bf99; 1^

/i

3 / MUMBEn .- / (INCL inPHFH

.-3 Htlii

i

i niiiiuiiiu-iijii

V/pRLBi TRJvDEEEEHTER! Hi! i \ 1.

57 z

V I Fi M M f M i M 1

• n j !^ n Q;.0:-'0.= :0:

| fort! Alathbrifcy;' KryH-jj " % I - 1

'

j K ; "I

'

IF MOBILE

OCCUPANT «Driver)

I S

t

Q

7-; 010 20 7 QOi 20 7 - 008; 20 7 006^ 20 1 noi-20 1 00022 so

5

'

5 005 12 7 013 12 7 320 12

OPERATIONS

Due to high elecitriccil voltage (150C0fi;«vuits coafirsied, xic waiter was wscd in

initially, peiifl^ng rfonf irination cf pcv?or Off at tJ'5e elo^;-t^tiai f^istribution panel.

Due to larye floor area of the Sfn f J oor-sub-ivTsesient, responding unite

v/cre split into i:eaias viz: Lat^der Co. 10 ar.d tngine 10 using the :cl3 stair

to approach the fire adcar Ladder 1 tie use cacor.d :;tairBay-K12, to access tb'j 5tli suLi. i;a3cment level.. I'heb-e ttnlts vers talsiti^cl with pin- ' pointiiig the fire area, an area of 2C0' :< 4^0',

Pi mcniber t.>£ Lat'^dftr Co. 1 hevijig found the fire sittation in a very large

octet dikfcribution panels -attcinptcd to rtilay inf ormatlon to his officer.

Prior to his trari.£3rtiissif>p. firefighter w&s struck by a shock bJifet generated bye th-e involved panel. Ladder 1 firefighter Jtnocked unconscienea

required a consertfed effort to remove to a separaLe safe area. Unit Operations.

Engine lO - operated on 5th sub level, stretched a 235'-' haiid lina^^frnrcm the stantJpipe, opersted vhen povmr off conf irir.stion received. Company

Engine 7 - Opera.t&u on fire ficor with line off stanQpipe;. operst'ad' Y''c:-' under- Ii>C. Deriaarcst, Satt.. 4, c::tinguishcd. flic, used dx-y_ chftnaic'ar .

'

\ JfcxtiJiguishers on, fire, y •/.'.-,'-.-.- '

-

/

2205

"7YP£ f-ULS. NAME 1 IKt AHKIVED TYf-t F^LL ^fA^-^E -TIME AfiniUED

54 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

'"'"'^ r——r— ^ . '^" V' ORIGIN ' /extension ' ALARM RECEFVED" /toCAT^^ ^

STREET NVMHE

DAMAGE § : !! !! i

I ]!:i 1 1 I 1 U 1 M 1 . i 1 1 ;

i : ,

. r^QRLD iTRTJJE ICEKTER j

i Ur

S7 M 93

P 3 " o

**

^ ; 1 i

'

! M i i

i

j ! !

' i :

i ' foet Authority ,NY/MJ

u ///

99 - 0200-^0400

C5CCUPANT (Driverj

IF MOBILE

PflOPEFmr M i i I

!

i :

'

•

! f f (

1 i

' 4

TYPE YR 12a as fCEHSe

; • i • i - ' ' - 1

^

- ' 1

\ ;

• 1 ;i

t3> UNIT PTS. 243 24S 255 261 267 213 OPERATIONS

Operation conti

Engine 5 - Assisted Enc 7 in stretch of and operation of a 2^'' line

into fire area, perforiued search of area, overhauled as necessary.

Engine 55 - Operated with and relieved Eng. 7 on hand line on fire

floor, took up hose lines.

Engine 4 - Under supervision of BC. Turnee,B2, transported injured meriber

of Lad. 1 to ambulance on tlie Bl level of the fire building, relieved Eng10 on a Ifend line, cfaerhaxiled, took up hand line.

Engine 24 - Transported Air Cylin^ees fire area under supervision of

BC. Jackson,

Engine 3 - Ordered to and did provide air cylinders to operatind

units of the B5 level. , Engin

n~. » a J TlStood Fast - Eng9Satl, Engines 15, 2S. 33, 34, 207/Ma2i, 284/Sat.3,

o

Lawrence K. Byrnes 2205

TYPE FUa NAME TIME AfiRIVEO TYPE FUU. NAME TIME AnBiy£o,,.^'j;

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 55
Appendix D

0 0 0 0

: - J-'i Fi" 0 0 0 0 'ort 'Authority HY/SJ

S3 »4 OCCUPANT <Drw»f) 113 ROOM^PT. 114 1Z3

-* * • ! ^ ' : I : i I • •

'

j i

^ *

*" ' i

TYPE YR. 12$ MAKE lU VJ.N uccNse STATE C

IF • MOBILE PROPERTY

o 237 UNIT PTS S« OPERATIONS

Operations cont:

Ladder 1- Opersted at the 35 level, conducted search to pinpoint the

fire area, concucted a primary search for possible employees trapped.

TF. Amodio injured in explosicn of 13000 volt distribution panel.

Ladder 10- Performed a search of the E5 level Ito identify the fire

area, and searched for possible trapped employees, gathered and used

dry cliEHiical extinguishers on the fire prior to pov.-er removal, oaerhauled as required.

Ladder 8- Perfonaad a secondary search of the fire area, used dry

chimical extinguishers, assisted in overhauling.

Ladder 6- Priced and used portable exhaust fans in stainjells to . effMt ventilation , took up,

^ T,pdnf?r 15- Sunolied snare SCBA cylinders to stSTii^a area.

Ladder 20- Supplied spare SCBA cylinders to staging area, . .

. •

. '/ n

Lagrence K. Bvrnes

TYPE FUU NAME AflRlVEO TYPE FUU NAME TIME AHHIVED • -. -

56 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

STRUCTURAL^ FIF^TRANSPORWp NON^STRUCrURALTmEOR EMERGENCY;

p b 'o .0 :o 0 0 0 b

'

4 OCCUPANT (Orww)

MOBILE PBOPERTY

; !

;

i i M ) ! ; i

;

TYPE •»

o Ts uNrr PTS. «3 OPERATIONS

Operation cont:

ReacuG 1- Co.-pacy split to perform several mperetions1. Assisted in administering first aid to Injured firefighter,

2. Conducted secondar\' search cf fire area, Negative,

3. Used Thermal Camera to check for fjossible fire extension.

Rescue 2- Assisted (2) civilian electricians (with SCBA's) to confirm

power off in electrical^anel, relayed confirmation of power off to

Coznand Post. £issisted in hand line iperation, assisted in VES of

fire floor.

Chief Officers present:

DAC R. Palmer, CW Duty

DC. R. Hanson Div.

B.C. L. Byrnes Batt.

B.C. W.Demarest Batt.

§.C. R. Turner, Batt.

1,

1,

4,

2,

B.C. Costa Batt. 7,

B.C. Miccio Batt. 6,

B.C. Nardone Batt. 9.

OLawrence M. Byrnes ^

/

TYPE FUUL MAM#^' TIME ARRIVED TYPE FULL NAME .

. TIME ARRIVED . y - _

W/ST NCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 57
Appendix D

^STRUCTURAL FIRE TRAf^SPORTATlOM FIRE/NON'STBUCn URAL F!RE orf EIVIERGENCYT^J

/ .. . _ _ . _ . ... , _

I 11 WoRLPi TRkoEl tENi'ERt :

S7 - . .

LiiMiMMinMilNL

'1\ 7

I i ? i I i p 1.! I

i ! f 1 M i

i 1

! 1

i M 1 i t ! I'

j ;iU !!!! 1 i i

I i % : ! !

'

! 1 M I n M n : )

'

1

' 1^

IP MOBILE

J'HOPERTY

TiTC Vn. WIS

i

'"'"^ l-i 1 1 is* • ^ 1

1 nil \

fl M ^ ' ^ \ P 1 '

1 ^ r

i & i \

137- UNii JTS 7« MS 2tT aw TTi . 733 OPERATIONS

Ooers Lions cont;

Greater alarras traiisiui vted dar to Magnitude of fire area involved, . . potential for smtakc and heat problems , nur.iLera of employees in building"

need tosupply and reliovo orjcrating pexsonne.

Ir.juxies; FF, AsTicdio, Lad. 1.- concussion, rem&oed to EeeJcrjan Hosp. , PF. Caacel, Laa 10, gr-anfefefi HL.

FF . Hanson # L.ad.10, grantee! Jil-,

FF. SGlletti, Lad. 10, Granted MLKote: Staff and oraployees of the New York Port A-athority provided

excellent Guidance and assistcince. Help provided incl'jded

mechanical, ventilationr electrical distriEUtion discipiines " vhirf: wade. lor a rauch eesier fire ground operation.

O i~- PAl!

-Of

-~rf^ Twk hJil Name / time AnnRfeo..' .. ... type riiu name- .-. . . "i"*

58 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 1

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 59
Appendix D

REPORT -- ADDITIONAL DATA

STRUCTURAL FIRE, TRANSPORTATION FIRE. NON-STRUCTURAL FIRE OR EMERGENCY

H9 13! ;01 707 2_2 ?19 215 J3t

! li j

I

1 i

1

1 1

1 s

k

11 2i11

r lil 1 2*3

1 1

I

1

2*S Jit 2tl 1

i

1 2E1 273 1

27S OPERATIONS

t/! S!reich«J prccaulknury line froro slandpipc. r.S.D. for WorW Trade Ctnlw - Mr. Mike Hurij. OX.M. U. Wiljon

K.M. Krtgkr #361 responded on BFl's ovrr knowledge of prior siisi»aous »cu»ilv. Job fllZOl.

.I

Be John AkernSan

01

23:07

PAOE

TYPE FULL NAME Time arriveo TYPS FUU NAfVIE TIME ARRIVED

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix E

Significant Fires in WTC 2

Significant fire incidents occurring in WTC 2

Significant

Fire

Incident

Date Fire Location

#

Sprinklers

Activated

# Standpipes

Activated

Cause of

Fire

Material

j Ignited

1 5/19/75 Floor 32 3 Incendiary Trash/waste

T 4/12/77 Duct work over

grill in restaurant on floor 107

2 None listed Duct work

-> 3/22/93 Fan motor room

on floor 108

1 Mechanical

failure Not classified

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 61
Appendix E

j2—Morad_Tr£d&_C*)ate.r. „,

5 023 0, 30:

5 024 O 12

^ IrK fiO, iKll. ri:

5 ClT-ti 12

. .. .-i 6 oor 0- .0? 7 001 0 20

OPERATIONS

5*055: 15

7 ooS q; 2-3

•-• - yp6n':arriva,l;,%as',' Infbriaed ' l9^?6f^' ' ATitbbrlty-.Police,; af" ,«?mok:eacpnd Itioi oa SS Tloor -and-occiipantg reportc'S txappefi ori'-3X='si'd;32ifiodrs.lo

EstDbllplieii eotamand post ftsd ordered Bngliae 6" (28) smd Engine '7 to proeeec

to fire area aad .operete. in .separate Btairvays*^.l>adder^ 5,t**?-3'trazis- •;-'-ait--i^racdiate^ report' of fire rfdndltions iiM'";to,~m6.k5 r iearch-'-ror occnpaAts

arui perform iieca^^f;if::ry duties. Battalion"^ to 'snpsirvise ' operations Iju fire arcs- Division .1 assumed coramaiid upoa.^aT^ivai. ^Ordjs^

engine £iiu3 ladde r tmits;' TKed'""trarir'iait"tc<a("^fid etlafm upon receipt of repol

from fire, area of heavy fixe. aDd . snokc ..condition^ ir^iBat

10- snd -iedder^8-ciI^ie^ed_lto opei^iL^to'linjltKlrd^'^ r::iAddi.biou%l miits

puts td'"-v'orlt-'as YeqtiirBd"'ajid to'' rVlleVe' 'opera tiT\i^ xioiis'^ A'''^^. involvec core area througbout snfli vas coaifiiied to samo,

Fotir minor

each^reported--

•av

_ _ V , , S,6(2!3) Stretched, line to 3211 yIcl stairway -B» ^Operated fco extlrssulsh

major body of fire. T^^ re^lJ^ed^^ E.^^^^^^^ b-i^ei^discjsS:

"

E.7_" ' Assisted K.6 ^Irt/.st.rF^rcHlWtr" ^r^tV-'':^A-^nf^rfa^^y-(r^'SZ- Thln^et^-'ofcched Sn

lin.0 tro iksaa 21 vaa st-alrvfay Jci and op.tsi"a.t.e<l to . Q3cxinrij5.*tt i'5.xe,

/^'f^"Il-^v4X- _ .c^ri 0£IS: JStileO lf.mMi£

2140

62

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 2

L.l-Wde- search £«£fa..X^34*.,«i\ t5.^7fsa .sZkf^eiatiftStl^A^^ 33rd r

Eft-vt.V- ^^upervlsfid unlta initially operstUag oa the 32nd 11.

OraeriKi/^o:aE Ijj e^Jpamsicn fp'^fire area* Tfien' ral,iQv*id "Bal-\ r seizor . sna^y-^perviscd- sec «n<5""ovcrha»n.lttg. ^

15-9- Orderod to staxid fast^ Then Cisde seajrcb oX Mfth fl. . .. '

f—T"'

. !

I , I » i i is- I ! -is

E.55-f !>^*.^.^=®P.?'S^-*?-S .?*nf*=:.<»»i*-ii« 32na flv tidier©': •aecSc^ai^-^' ''^

L,15-. Made cepJrcii cf peiTEljieter . ofJCice. occapancifes. 32sd..H.. -Then nr'.dQ scar c±i iifid"ex£c:iji«'t±bu of Vith fl, _?Iiea.^=isdc TinJ.; txaiulnatlon i--; of 3l3t"fl ccrG-ar&a','''_^'';!'-^ _-;- .

' '•

: 7 " ^7.. :. ^"7 V

' — n

13 J; r:

^. . K'-r-----^^. -i';---^ T."-:.-' '-^ •isx.tn Tire--;

^ -SuperpuiEper S2;s^.e^-Superjnr3per and. Sat«.-^,<ir^crfia-to J>^etuynrtQ--=^^tr»^-->

.i.•:Ic-q.i?^>'x 00 i:s-it^--f -'-•'•S£t'''X ci^ie-ecl t'o*st;aiid"fast"at'£ook-up''ei^^^

PCO» Established Ffel'd" H"dLtssV Ixciinitcred HT ~circtiit's Transmitted

''MSL'-'Serriced UnTts, lixch^n^ed 30 cylinders,

^^lia« ,of Spefisl Calls: 2150 hrs. ^1^.—^-J-^ \. • = ^

, vii^iF"cSi[ftrx5lr ' -2a57liI^^.^ .r/TT^nn^.! rT..^ ...-^ r-^

Chief OfXicars OpKratJLnsj EC 7otruha, Eatt- 1 Barley- Btt,

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation

63
Appendix E

05 05 hi f

• ^

' 1

- !' ^' i ^ . S ^

' ]

OPERATIONS

On arritral foisud fire to toe wtJja^MlEslied frjor to srriTal ?. • .'-

Fire %Qs located in duct i«ork over grllla ia la restaarant. on 10? tJi

iTcMpr, Bn. 1 notiried dispatcher to notlfj board of Health or p©sBlbl,e

food cazstaislaatioii Troa fceat »aK)kir and gasSs la risstaiaraat

6 Took rolled Ups fco 107 Iloor, etretched liaa and stood fast.

Le 1 H&'de sseeeeaszT search and ii3T&?ti£Ation.

'C2»>

F»P» 2 on ecenB replaced tm^ sprinkler head»<

JiBC %llliaa M> Feehan

UPt fULL NA>J£

64 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 2

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 65
Appendix E

F-Z4A (12/86) is.M3«nM>«>a9 »< REPORT - ADDITIONAL DATA

STRUCTURAL FIRE, TRANSPORTATION FIRE. NON-STRUCTURAL FIRE OR EMERGENCY

/>/ NUMBER /^/S^y

0 / (INCl HVPHifJ)/^/^ ¥/ STREET NAME

. 2 WTC

S7 «3

ARIA

4^ /^/ WlfTH LENGTH

IF MOBILE ROPEHTV

TYPE VR iJe USCENSE STATE DM

1"^

23? UNiT PrS «3 OPERATIONS

E7-Assistecl ElO in stretching line, then up.

Ll-Assisted LIO in search, then up.

/

CSV/

lYPE FUa NAME TIME «W!VED TYPE FULL NAllE TIME AHWVEO

66 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix F

Fires with Standpipes and Sprinklers in WTC 1 and WTC 2

Additional fire incidents involving the deployment of standpipe lines in WTC 1 and WTC 2:

• Fires involving the use of one standpipe line and the activation of one sprinkler (4 in total)

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 67
Appendix F

68 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes and Sprinklers in WTC 1 and WTC 2

O

o

o

oINO

o

o

o

«-» o

o

S3 ^:

c

u

o

o

r-i

O

a.

-H

>

•CJ

o

o

c

-ri r-i

oyP

o

d

ou

-H

O

•do

«

c3

•3

>

o

o

a, a

I COCv

touo

o

r-i c

«-»o

o o H4-3 »

C O

T-i U

E C3 B CJ

o

c

o

•Hd

r *»

o

•do

4->

>»

Pi

aJ

d d

o o

-d -d

r! d

d

CJ' «

Iv

o

u to t3 <WJ -d -d

•H t; C C d ri <u ^ ^-^ --^ ^4 J

A. o

V4d

to

(4d

cc

o

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 69
Appendix F

70 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes and Sprinl<lers in WTC 1 and WTC 2

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 71
Appendix F

\

This page intentionally left blank.

72 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation
Appendix G

Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

Additional fire incidents involving the deployment of standpipe lines in WTC 1 and WTC 2:

• Fires involving the use of one standpipe line (27 in total)

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 73
Appendix G

. _'v.-' V/- /

05 £j;_? 01 20 2n it V 0067 7 010'OC33 —!_— ^ -^.-.i/a OCoSloi 3^-5

^^^-fE^^^^r '''KrSf. /xTg^OUiSr/ .WEST. /tkUOU.; /

/^r^T^ //^ aJm. m'/m

' { L : : L f.

'. . , ' ,' „„ , , / /

OC go: DCs 00 05 2 6: OOi 01 0 6^

i

• ! 1

' 1 51

0; 09; ^7 1 50 00

1 world_ Tr<:ce Center Man,

110 57C X 970

(Be lev Gr^dfe)

Of J C'.^?i.'.; Le„.

Mickey See beck -

S-'jr «t rv . Zngr

PA - Lt. ;:evr.£n #21

! i 5 OCC 0 10 '5 007 0

1 02! 5 027 0 02

1 5 010 0'02 7 010 0 1C 7 r-.r:A r, 10

1 i

i OPEr.AT!ONS

On tri'ivr.l Zo'crA fi:-e in elevator C£.r (J3) - E2 level, -J—i*- ares. - Hfivy sr;oi:?- ccriiiticn in cdjacer.t areas, B-2 level. Light saoke ccnc.

in Coi,'jc.uri€, on I9th5 36tr. t: 7cth floors f-.nd various otr.er floors.

Fire vas ccr_i'ir;ed £.ni extinguished with 1 house lin? and one F.D. hand

lir.e frcci stanaripe. j^.reas involved vitr. s-oke vere searched, occuDari".

a.tsistec vhere reauirec. Ur.eratior.s ss follovrs:

strerch line froc standpipe J-^r area, ext. fire in elev. 6: sh^ft.

E7 - assist 5c in stretching hardline,

ilO - i;ade search upper floors - 77th to 79th (light sioke cond.)

1:27 - cade search upper floors - 36th fl. li- Tic.

L10(L13) - report to CP - search & exaninaticn of couccurse area.

Li - forced elev. doer B-2 level, examine ear, overhaul.

B2 - supervise operations of £6 6c Li opening elef. car door & ext. fir<

i-2 2j££ level (2c^)

Frani: L. Picariello 0312 John J. Hart

Tift fUlS NA«E

74 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

5 006 0:10; 7 010 ojio

! 1

'

OPFRATIONS

Upon arrival found fire in rub: ish ir. roo.-z 6515 On th-3 65th. floDr,

fir=- ccnfir.ed arc erctinguished/i's v££ ir £x> unoccurir-c office of blc£

£.£•: Stretched line off stancpipe extir-giiished . fire, had taken rolled

•ups to 65th. floor.

L.10: Overhatile-: jTr^ale necessary examination, ventilated.

On Scene: Fire pLtrol #2.

Injured Meiber:Fr. 1st. Vincent Segretto #9050 Lad.1 C , tv-ls t right knesDr. Schwarts notified. Ko time lost.

Lcirls ?i"Ke 2v017 John J. Hs-rt

2^

D!v. r

MPt fun M»v£

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 75
Appendix G

Eee«iYed Alarm Class y-l^kt

Oa Arxlfal proceeded to th« 5 th. XleaTg sacks r«pcrt«4 fher® end fXsmr*;^

S«—6 took in rollcd-up IsLr.gths Bjad inasks, prsscs-eded «fo©ek oi^^Si^Siia^--

10th, flDorSe thexs ehecked Zlst,22A4j And 6lsfe. iloers,

found fir^s. rubbish buratjig, fcyar 5tll« fleor^ orti ngnai^fifedi^dtk:

l$rse t&k-es froB staadpip®-* ------t, L,-10- cxaEdJDed s nd o-rerhauleds etftcked t@ l?t.h, Xloora lor jK!aok«»-

L^l- checked felloving rioors,9jlO,ll»63.Bt and 69tls» ABrAs%nd in. eroitd

eontrei* ^ E~27- cheeked 10th and 11th, flooy aiad iissisV«4 Irt crcwi conferol*

cheeiied the SOth -^St^^- L.-IJ- ebedk.e^ IffiOth t-hrti 110t.h» floors*

Deputy chl^X E&2% was on sceii®*

BC» "iftiitnej euner-nBed Tcllowltig Cob. L.l-,L.10i E»7|K« 27( Batt* 4)

Sgts E«.^han of J?,#2 sras oa scene, , . , . Fir® W3C sl&o fcjiand on i»9th» Saoor,Ext,in£iii8b®d ©a arriYsls fotmd and

checked otit' bj if^x» Marehall Peritti C&11«h5, b-ecaws© of suspicions

Charles Blsicb

KV.

WE fUl! NAMt 0907 John J« Hart

76 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

BUIIDING

(Second C>^)

KAWf Of OCOJ?*HI tOOM/*»1,MO. Fire Safety Dli'ector

un IN CH*»oi

. .aig... 1

1 ! 1 B ; . 38 J yis pi

IB

i 1

1 t

a. „ i 3 j

I i is

—Si

1 ' 1

»1 -

\ e

II, ..I ,„ a, !s i 1

1 18 1

i its r 5-i i 3 1 ill

' {

1 n M ^ 1 \\\ m? R i un NO MO ns i*' " 10 M OPERATIONS

Eaeponded to Class 3-70-4

Dj>on BxrlTal found fire In planter on 32 floor thcr« coiifln»d and lf»imjtBl«J

cxtln^xiiahed as follows* , %,

E.6 - Carry In rolled up la- £bhs, hook \ip to S/P outlet, etrectc lln« antf . operate on and extloj^sh fire aikd necessary wash down.

L.IO - Make necessary exaxlnatioa of 32 and 33 floors and overhaul ' %

burnt debz-ls on 32 floor*

7^

_I__*=?ltoc.. IN K"'

I y j Fergus J, KePeraott #2 ! !

'• i rrpc Fuu NAME iiME Of *««ivM rin f uu name iims of *«tivAi

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTCInvestigation 77
Appendix G

- nuv,lUKAl FIRE

ADDRESS

BUILDING

(Second Cani) UF1 IN CHA8CE

; 055 0 10

£_ , 7 ood 0

1 a, 05

1i ,M. , yi

44 » 10 16 3i 2BiM OPERATIONS

On arriral foand light TItb condition In rnbblsh piled asalnat. wall

in aain concourse *^ch had caused scortching to said mil*

E 55 Wretched line froo standpipe outlet amd extlngalshed fir»-

waahed down*

L S Esaminad for extension and vwrhaaled*

Si

taaley Hirschfield 160^

8N 1 p 1

It?t full N*Mf IlMt OF »««iV4i tYCf fun n*m£ IIMS OF *»aiv»l

ADMINISTRATtvc rr-^'

78

NCSTAR1-4A l/1/TC/n..est/gaf/on
Fires with Standoipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

wiv.irr;-;-,^ 1 I UK AL MRfc

Oa «2TlTal *«a notlflad by Mr Samelll of a rabbieh fir* oa tjjis 79 flXK^r. •ooth w«st Qqadrent tower B . - ^^3*^^^

1. 7 Responded tc 79 floor stretched lln« frow etandpip*, «3aiii£iii Aed^^.v?*:^!

E. 6 stretch*! lin» «ik3 stood fa»t In fir* control c«nt«r ar«a. '^^^^^'^-^'^^^yA

1. 24 Stretched line and stood fast In atalrxaj- In lobby ar«a.

'

L» 1 Performed necessary 8«ar^,Tetttllatlcn4 and orer haul (bd Hp* floor* . C

. <-^''^ L. t Stood faat with toola and maxkM in etalrway at lokky,

In^ad P,0, lealy (port lutority Police) # 1501 re«»Te* to Beekman Hospital P,0, lealy (port lutority Police) f 1501

sc Vyr pn^llcz-aB^iclanca.x/epparfenty agoke Inhalation. -^^^ ^^^^ ~

TIME or uamvAi IIMt Of »lllt(VAl

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation
Appendix G

'date iHD TIME •" /'^^^'^U/f/i;/

' - tOC ATlON v.

:

• / /— ill iiWlliiiir 'i II I iliii wij^iir '•' iiMiylii fii'mmiiiiiMi

STRUCTURE / AREA FIRE CRJGirs!

S».£NI / iGA'iON

00 00 03 0 pO rOI ft &2

BmoiuQ, ^ StOPltS

t£<?co<i«i Gaiirii

h6tb

5 006 0 50 k 007 0 ha 5''cSi^ 0 ki L ^

i L ! I 001 0 so 7 001 0 P.G y 0C8 0 : >0

? 01 ? 0 Ul i

!

s

OPERATIONS

Responded to 3-70-2 (tfenual Alarm)

VjTille reEporj41ng Bstt,l notified via dept. racio of ssccial call additional

LaGfier CoCL.t?) aiae to report of fire ^rfeth fl. Upon arrival «as informed of

Sire hbth. tl p-ahllc hallway near freight elevator* Ordered investigation

a nd fo-und fire therein, vhich h&d h^en, extlniiulElied prior tc the arrival

ol this dept. Ev^^ciiatioa Itslituted by Port Aiithsrlty psrsomisl prior to

arriva 1 o.f Fire Dept. "iinits. Report of sraoke detector operational of ttie 103rd fl* Fire located betveeii freight elevatcrs h9 & t?.

Rolled -up .lengths to the M+th ri, Conriected to stsndpipe therein "and

stretched to fire floor (^-^th) Washed dcwa fire area Tor overhs.iiling

E,?- Assisted tn stretch, then ordered to search, exsjaination cf 53rii to

J'Bth flSs Also Checked '^5th fl. report of Ecoka ccrsGitScrf^

Xleported to seCQcdaxy coaaand pest t^^S;^^'. Thsn ci'd-erecl to check

of 535-5 %Q 56th ris^, /dso checM:ed cut scoKe detie<stcr 103Tia fl. ______ ^^Q^ Hatthev J. Fe.rrell.

AD,M1S*ISTSATIVE COM^'ANY

80 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

REPORT - Additional Data

Structural Fire, Transportation Hre, Non-Structural Fire or Emergency

OPERATIONS

L.t- lnlti«LLly to tha fire floor (Hth) operated for orerhAullaf search

& •xaBinatioQf •ntilatloo of suw. Then s««re)i, •xajalnatlon *

TMitllatloo of tb« lOTtk to hi)Xh fl», St&ixmqr *V>*

L.8- IhltlAlly to ••eondary cooaAzkl post. (Vest Bt). Tben ordered to clMck

76thf to 60th fls search d examination. Also assisted in overhamllsx

fire floor (V6th)

L.I 5- Special called to report to West St. Then trough lohby to socondarr

cofflmaiDd post. Enronto fotmd C2) cirlllan cleaninf perstmnolCfeBalej ^ had Wen reaored to leliby rafferinc saoke inhalation. PerXoraed flrirt

Aid on injured civilians. Then relieved hj Bes. t vlth resnstltator

Then zkji ordered to serachgWyth to 52ni fls as (2) Injured elvlllans

reported to ha ve worked on the 'fSth A ^Oth fls.

Bes.1- Relieved L.I 5 and administered first ald(Inhalatlan)to injured

civlians. Th«n ordered Office r ft remainder of neahers vent to

in|r«9tl(ate report of saoke d people on tha 55th fl» ^^^pcn^ovn t* W6th fl. Search, ez^ slnation of floors enroato.

Batt.1- Inltla llj In coaanuad, thenorder«d to ftMlflBKa»|b)ttM1tiljli^ 8«t «f

additional conoand in leh^, as first aid station.Tvo publle

aaValances standing by vlth (V) resuscltatorff. Directed seareli

operations of B.7, L.l5, Bes. 1. Ordered smoke parco V^th to 10?

vhen fire vas out.

Batt.2- Ordered to supervise nnits on the fire floor A report conditAons

therein. S\ix>ervised in part operation of L^l

Batt.32 - Ordered to supervise operations of tmlts ahoYo fire floor.

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 81
Appendix G

^;^^.^Ss^iury Rri^cTi^hspbiiaiioil

10 ' t« 3-

_ _ OPERATIONS

Act- A^st'chler Maxilr on the scene to snperTlsed overall operatioas,

Bemarks* !>• t ci^cked all elevator skx ca rs before leaving ssene'; • . OrderecJ tO-J*t Code 1 due to report from Port Author i by police

of la'bor- trouble vith Malntalnence personnel (Testco)

'Dept. Photgra pher ordered to scene to take pictures or fire

a3^ea • Alarm vas ttLrned in by Mr. Nick Cappola, Tenco Ma.lntalnence

(2) '^ekioan Ajcbulances on the scene under I>tr. B. Jo'nn Injured Civilians » *NBme

Treated Beekss

Scoke lnhal.& iieleased

Ecioke inhal. " " ' "

"reaoved to Bos

iote ! All of the above are eaployees of the Teaco Co«

Sgt. Steve Fox Bd# 261*

Ptl A. Halicker

Ptl Meyers

Ptl. Carcalc

Bom to Fingo^rs Rt Hand.

Bum to Rt Wrist

SKoke inhal

Seoke Ii%al.

Bote » Police sietbers of Port Authority Rslice Dept^. All injured treated itt tespital A released. .^^^ <] . XQ.... ^ __o.c _ ._^r*ot

! I

IIMt OF AIKIVM '

82 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

Kcr WIN I

E. 7 S^r.tch«d U«, cxxliP^^i"^ nr.-

1

Tbeodore *

/ 1

^ — «>v t

i( h _ v,.T, -4 535 -

'

lIMl Of ARS>V»l

I Theodore A. Caispbel^ ??rT^;T>->^i

i,TiVE COMPANY

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 83
Appendix G

S NO. 5ECI. HS

of 3jSt;i^ flscr hs£ eaas^^ seotrteMfi£ af the tsall* sod c«1i1eis» ^ . . . Port Aatherlty perawmnl had extingolBhei: Xlrw *dth h«mi esilisfiaiji^r® ' tod standpipB fco»e« FiJtm iera^d suHplcltxis F«ArPD«

^ -

iirt .'-Ull «AMi liME Of aet<yd.i

84 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

BUIIDINC

(Stcond Cord) Itn IN CHAIGC

5 006 0 10 7 OOl 0 05

r

OPERATIONS

Oa az*rlTal fonnd cans* of alarm to b« fir* is Jan&to2*lal clos«^

In TolTl2i£ r&gs and rubbish. Bat% 4 reqtaeat«d a Codal

Fire caused searing of paint oa wile and ceillBS*

Z-6 Stretched z*olled vqp lengths tad hooked up to standplp* otxtlel;

•ltd cxtingnlshed Tire*

1^1 Had* exaatination oT walls axid celling and fvotllated «a

nscessary*

mt »un NAj«e TiMt Of AiuvAi rrre mii ntMi ntAt Of aisivai.

ADMINISTRATIVE COMPANY

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 85
Appendix G

LOCATION ALARM / INCIDENT

ADDRESS. 9 Warld Trado Ct^r

NUM»e« 5T«EtT 8U1LD1NG_ 110 200 X200

|S«cond Cord)

STORIES

1ft 27

-Borb of H.Y. Anthnrity 102 N*Mt Of OCCUfAN? tCOM/AlPT. «*

lEfT iN C«*«Gt

5 006 oj|io 7 001 0 10

OPERATIONS

R««spond#d to Bu4>iial iJLa ra box 808^

Upon arrival vas inforoj-d of fir© 107th fl. QpdpTftd invpstleatlon and

fouiid flr« in rabtlsh A aalnt. materials therein, Batt. 1 ordered

additional Battalion Chief to r-spond on report of defloate fire.

Batt.W rRsponde d.

T?.6- Eolled up lengths to th« fixe floor extlngtiishftd reoalntiMt ftr«

L.I- f>oarch, ftiaailnatlon of fire floor & floor a'bove. Opened walls for

exanlnatifm. Overhauled burned materials.

Bn.W- Ordered to supervise operations on the fire floor.

Civ. 1- Responded to scene, and assumed coamand.

Rotes Batt.l transaitted 10-i+T Code 2 & requested F.M. to respond.

J y

/

Jnaea J, !)feKe.nmLIY?t fUU NAMt

__/_D.C.

2Q2Q_ Matthav J. Farrell iiMt Of A««ivAi lypi rva x»i«f

DIV. t 1 r -I Of

TIME OF AttlVAl

ADMINISTRATIVE COMPANY

86 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

ADDRESS

BUILDING

[3«cond Cord]

MAM£ Of OCCUPAMT tOOM/ATt. Bon Sally P. A. Police

UFT m CHAt&i

c rtn NO. 4tci. us. 3 n >

5 006 0 10 D 007 0 7 001 0 10 7 ooa 0 10

OPERATIONS

Upon arrival was told of fire on the 6th floor, operations as follows.

Ladder 1 made necessary investagation, located the fire, veatedf

overhauled and searched.

Ladder 8 searched and vented floor above, overhauled.

£ngiQe 6 stretched a line from standpipe and extinguished the fire.

tn^ne 6 washed down.

Batt. 2 on the scene.

Civ. 1 on the scene.

Joseph A. Hingerton 2355

tlMt 01 AtllVAl

1 i« 1

nn riKi hami IMf Of AttrvM

ADV.IH!STr;AT!VS CO^''PANY

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 87
Appendix G

88 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

r lir-. -

C^K^^^?^"s^K'y^^T^^R^'Cn-REr\TRAfiSPpRiAM^ FioB-siRycTyRAi fire or ersergewcy

/- STiiiJCTlJRF

y

213

-• OPERATIONS

from the iOTth, floor r«Btatiraiit, fhere is sn opea access "gtair106, cpening into lOVtt. floor re5t&iir*iit f^l n^ng arBa. j-j^i

At this point fire had aot been located* On "bssls of aljov*, Ba-bt*..,1^i

ordered a-pprox. ?00 persona eTaeiiB.ted from ths " Wtadovs on the worl

restaurant ' on tb« 107th. floor via stairway " C " whloli was el*«ia^;fif,^

CBcke, Later stalrwaT " B ' was cle^ir of smoke and was made «iVRiI^Ift^

for «vac-uation« -VQn. ArrivBj. of D.C Rossi, liiv. 1 Batt. i&dTised Eis of &t>ove ' and

recoamended ft Sad. alora be transjaitted* as fixe had mot beea^lpcaj^

-.-V: ...iJa^^^ij Seataurant vas being svacuated and all xmits >fer« now assignarti^tolt

D.C, BoBBi trezLBititted b. 2nd. alaria and requested 2 additioiiar

Op«rations of Cos. are as follovsi

Eng. 6 Masks, rolledups, responded to fir© floor Tia freight, ,e

to ^.04 fl. >ria stairway to 106 H. Met Lad. ^1 who had located ]/irj^^^

106 fl. Hoolted 4 l«ngts of 21/2 hose to etKidpipe* operated o^^Mr^

James J. McKenna 1*09 'r\ •fi-'-'-.

TYHtFULi. NA.r/(C Tflt FULL NAME

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 89
Appendix G

g^;,-'V"ETRljClORill fiR&. IRANSPOF.TATiOK FIRE. KOPI^gTRllETilRfil Ft RE OR EMERGtflCY

iinif 1! wm }

t- <

Ill- if^II i iMli•ItniN114 Ilt-I ii

1 irisi- i tr 11 f!11 \ 1 1 rr iiftll! lltl-\

OPERATIOWS

<i>- Lad, i to 106 floor to Icvsetagate actiTmted smoke ^Isom, fi«aTOi«d,t,v

"" sad located Tii-e, checked floor above for exteiision* ond oTexbisiilea^^K.

Tngt 7 Bespcnded to 109 fl* to inveetigats a. sprlnkleT .alBXffle.fo'um^

no Bprdjitler flow, and light em<fX& condition* :,'.-^sXr^ - ^

Lad. 8 fi«spond©d tc -^09 fl« «lth Eng. ?• •

Eag. 7s sad Lad, 8 then reported to 108^ '^O?* «aid I06fl«, BLade _^seareh"":i|

jand nBEisted in evacuation of fiestaureat*,

Eng. 10, fitsponded to 106 ri« to sBsiet and relisve Ejsg- 6 _©a thea^i^

;.. 2ad. elarm teoits reported to ccmand poet., Etood fast "^^lea ©Tdsd^^^o^_8^e|

Rescue 1 respondsd on 2nd. alarms reported to iO? fl* aBsisted- ia_^%^;&^r.*

evacuation ©f jpestanrent » then to 106 fl« to assist Lad, 1, then^O^^d^

to take up.

LfVi^K^ Janses J. KcKeima

TYPE FIJI I. AMI llMfc US-AKHIVAI. JU Whrt« Cow; R'e BecoicH !2S Caivary Copy: Baitiriinn Fi.ik -Uiiay: Aan>ni£ra» v(e CoJ^paoy {41 <iO^Ht"'^£'^^'*V^,.^^^^^^e^-

90 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

^f^i^- STRUCJURAL FiRE;.TRAMSPORTApDli FIRE;. KOM-STRUCIOIi&L FI^E 6B EMERGEMCY

DATE AND-m^Evy/; •y;Ba X^v?-/- ^X^-^-- - tSHi TTOW y-:-;^-^£raUDii^^

. ... rt< -.^t- y»:n. .

- h^- i ; [ I ill I : [ wf I ri 11 ! I i Iff [ nmm] i i n imm n

inii ii ' i'l i ft! ii \ n'^ ^-i i

t i i fh t i>i' i w i i-h it

Hilt ! ; si i i i i i (i ft i itfti n n M in I n ft! iitii

DPEHATIOMS

•lJ;??^0p9r*tioii9 of Cos. ctiatiauftd; T', ^

^ •

^ Chief Officera 0:1 scene: :

- i

I>AJ3 Glass* , City vide cofflmsnd.. Chief,

D,C, liossi Dept, chief ist. Piv,

B.C. James J, McSenna Chief iBt. Estt, . B.C. Loiiie Pike Chief 2iui. Batt,

B.C. John T, Carroll Chief 4tli* Batt,

V: B.C. Edward J". Killer Chief 6th. Batt,

Field Conm., unit, Lieut. Soraimo on scene

Fire Patrol #2 oil Bcene, _ .

"U.T.C, fir* aalety director Mr* John Barrett on scena

P.A, Patroljaen CeEonukj and Oorbesk on Ihity at Oommaiid ^o^'^* *:'^^'^

EiiildLng Kechaclcal System falurea noted: . #^ Sprlakler elarm' received for lansprinklerd 109 ?1. •

, .*,js^ #2 Eetvim air duct ataolce dstectora did aot shut faas dovm* ^ '^^^ Jf5 Best fused link ahiat damper in purge syBtem, - %** 1

10? floor Btandpipe phojae uaroliable due to feed baclc froiB radJ-t^j

1 Yw* i-ulx name 1409

TIME OF iJtH4VAL ,TYP£FiJLl.Ni.Ufc

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 91
Appendix G

BJ!^.?J*^ HTAIWi-HiE^IOi^^ REE OE,£WIERBEIC¥^:

^^^^ ^ ^ IT -

V J*:

s^rHS^h H2.se Expert prepared end fovRx^ed to l>tv,/0f Fire PreTentioii*

s-'-?-- Fellow up on Jl«cheiical EXects-ieal malfunetlons being aade iri:

J'-^; Pert Authority* .

I'' -S0®- fcopj- of Eigli Mse report for details

5^: ft

4-

is, ,

<Y«:HJLLNAME rvi^ HULL NAMk , ^ T^E OFARRIVAI

- ^5'*

92 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2
Appendix G
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

ADMINISTRATIVE COMPANY

NIST NCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 95
Appendix G

REPORT - Additional Data

Structural Fire, Transportation Fire, Non-Structural Fire or Emergency

OPBtATtOKS

cont:l&ued .

- Beacuo 1 H&sks, seaxciied Xloors i8 thru 23»

2Qd* alaxn uadLta: '^v^ Engs. 24, 15, 55, 9. 24i, and. PLarin* 1 were orded to Btvad faat at th«r«

assigned locatlozuB.

Div* 1, CC. BeCaprio r«sponded and Btg>«rvlsed opperation* --^^ Chiefs Goroley, Bishop, and Faxrell also on scene. ^-'C^

P.A^ pez^onell reported evatniation of aprox, 1,500 persona fi*oa floors • * 9 thru 23.

P.O. TJnit on scene ' M

P.P. 2 on scene, TIMES

Box 0918

2-2 0928

U/C 0959

Peter Costello

Tfrt RIU MAM( 0920 Angelo DeCaprio J_j1_J 7ui( or AManM. rm rvu namc nitf or AatrvAi

ADMINISTRATIVE COMPANY

96 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2
Appendix G
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

A!?M)M!STRATIVE COMP'^NY

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 99
100 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 101
Appendix G

_ El 3 -O O

\M O ID -ri CJ 4J <Ji 4a 45 *» a

{L4 § 3 s o tjb-P o • Hi o u

s-i Q a o

as cs G o

«) C3 M"^ o

fl ft -co «H H* Q*» O 5

e-H l&i »4 « g

j3 r3 to O "C5 3

43 +3 > O

Mta (^9 Of-i Q 0 4S (0 <a

« © a a H

• I

o 9 o

« 5J O O 3 O

3 «> • o «o • ^ o rH p. H (SMS -H , •«

e a VI w

5, 4i s( a _ . U a n SxiJQ-^

Jo d a • © « «

4» a *i a flS a

«> • a « 0

CD i-jH o ri'g

;> > 8) -P «B 3

<0 T* a u

u o

„ ^1 «

o ® g = = —

p. ®

E] Or-« CQ O OlA

102 NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

id O ®

ai '«H M o w 1-5

ADMIHSSTBATIVE rriMPANV

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 103
104

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 105
Appendix G

ClRUnUFAll" I TF7 f,,S f C r T£ION F F S CN rKCTURAL FRE CR LMEBGENGY

mm ^^^nj

1

MOEfLC

f-.OftBTY TrTL VI

"•^ Via

I u:}-N 2S.

'7' "cob" -io : ^

'

i 1

, --

• \: \

' v! i ! V . i,;

, ; 1

1.

OFEfiATIOrtS L-B- sasirch flcorc 5-40 rasults negative sad thou up.

H-6- estaiPl3she» operations post ca 6th floor., than t»'«jii- ^§ 7th floor M~R and

dirGCLaS C'P---r Sif-i "units. Supti-viEoc] £lQ,E6,E-< s.'sd Li5-

3_4_ aapervice^ operations of 110, aa L3 on floors above fire unifcis £©n-3uct5'!3 priKsry «nd Eeccncary" sfc-arcb of floors aicvc, results ne-gatlvei.

Tisfiss 2Q-7fe 1314 - ElO

"

Unfic-r =cntroi 1345 - Div 1 Injyre-a civilians - ^PMBMT ''''''IlllllillllllllS. -smoV-a inhalation

WB/BKHfHBKKtBKS^ smoke inftaiai-ion

taKen to St. 'V'iaoQnts Hospital , ,

stroke inhalation

ti'-'zen he HeeV-Cian ^ "

F-KS Chief Cervo directed operations fcr EMS

o"eriiti.an.£ coiamsrsder or. scenti Cspt. Stinricr.

Charjc'c Callahan

TYPt rULL H'lJE

"¥«:

_.....,^„.^„g._.... —T,7TMt1~i:rMi:—

^—

iriv

llMC ftnH!VED

Of

-

106 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 107
Appendix G

• 2«lA (1JjS6) lwiir.-i',Ti.leia'-j; REPORT - ADDITIONAL DATA STRUCTURAL FIRE, TRANSPORTATION FIRE, NON-STRUCTURAL FIRE OR EMERGEWCY

C'itUfV.hJT (Drivflrj <>i

IF VIOBILE

las 1S5

MAKE

SSI SOT

MOOEl

PIS

15a VI.N. L1CEM3E SWIE DM

231

. 5 . 2 24?; 0 2-: 0'24

; !

: 0T| 0 38' 02 003:. -02' 7- 010 20 7 001 7 0 If 21} V ,008 20

'!.> 003: 005/ '.07: ^ -'s;'! unit FTS 3li S5S M1 27£e OPERATIONS

E3-Etood fast Kt the Lo"bby Cnnimand Post, then up.

E55-Stoml fast at Lubby Clomraafid post, then up.

I.I D- Pcerated on the i07th f J oo-r .opened vaiicniB walls end doors . fi ndi n^' no

J i re or ex t en t i on , t hen up.

Li 5-As.sisled K3 in opening up a v,'a 1 i exposing five in 5 ha f t , made necessary

ffearL-b and exam from 94 thru *)Otli f loor ('lerminat ion point of

jhaf t >?'Jc£fit i ve . L8-Mao(; necessary Kearcti and exam of floors 100 Ihiu 106»fourid negatine.

i.5-5tood last at the Lobby Comninnd Post, i hen \>p,

LaS-Stood fast at the Lobby Coniiniind Post, then up. LlO'i-Seajsh 75,91 and 92nd floor, found ncRat i ve , iken up.

1.3-Mtide necessary searcti and cxafii of floors 104 thru 106, then up.

ii22'l-£tof>d fast at the Lobby Command Post. + hcTi up. Rl-used Thermal -imaging camera and located fire in shaft on the 94th floor.

Baitfl-Supervised operation on the fire floor, then up. Bat T P, -Supe rvi sed operations on 107 Amd 74 fiooxs.ihen vp, Ball2-Stood f ast , thcri up. FCU-Mon i I ured handi - I « lit 3 e circui t progress reports, th«n up.

^-^^ ^ ^- ——--^^^

I p.

Lawxence M Ryrncs ^ 13: 2j David Corcoran 13:25 i^*"'PlrVPE FULL *)AME 1 lul ftflHivetJ TYPE f LfLL 'IWI- rtMHIVfC

108 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Fires with Standpipes in WTC 1 and WTC 2

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A. WTC Investigation 109
Appendix G

(12/861 »V**I-»«'«'*M«'* REPORT -- ADDITIONAL DATA

STRUCTURAL FIRE. TRANSPORTATION FIRE. NON-STRUCTURAL FiRE OR EMERGENCY

DATE AND TIME / BOX ALARM RECEIVED / LOCATION

158 08 4

imiiiiij

IF MOBILE PROPERTY ! 1 TYPE VR i2e MAK.E 143 MODEL Hi V.i.fJ, TiTt cJ CTT

i 1 !

Z31 UNI I 243 2i!i le; ae< OPERATIONS

E-< Took hydrant, taistti E-7 in itrHch.

William Oehm

TYPE f ULL NAME

01

07:51 N/A

Oiv.

00:00

PAGE 0»'E

TIME ARRIVED TVPE FULL NAME TIME ARRMcO

110 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix H

Significant Fires in WTC 7

Significant fires occurring in WTC 7

Significant Incident # sprinklers # standpipes Material

Fire Date Fire Location activated activated Cause of fire Ignited

1 5/20/88 Construction Multiple, # not 1 Suspicious Shanties

shanties on listed floors

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 111
Appendix H

112 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Significant Fires in WTC 7

REPORT - ADDITIONAL DATA STRUCTURAL FIRE, TRANSPORTATION FIRE, NON-STRUCTURAL FIRE OR EMERGENCY

DATE AND TIME ALARM RECEIVED

IGNITKDN 'STRUCTURE/

* «J i» £ : * 6^ "it ^1°

S A>/ NUMBER /^//^/

D /<?/ (INCL HYPHEN!/^<rW STREET NAME

e

s

s 7

s 57 6a 93 'A WtOTMz/ lEf*G!H

IF MOBILE PROPERTY

TYPE tffl MAKE V<3 MOOEL 1M V.I N UCEN3E STATE 1 TO 719 231

It i- 7 0^10 30 7 008 '3? 1 • 1 ^ i ^ ' f?

k- t) S37 UWT PTS 2U 2SS 261 261 «n OPERATiONS

OTDeratioiiB as followE;

Ls-ABEieted L'lC J'lade prixarv and secendory search cf 5~10»'^''' »''2.Th©n up.

L1-l'lade seELTch end. exanonetion or the 4th floor.l'hen assisted Ifi in the

exBninetion cf upper floors.Then \ip.

Batt Supervised i^C and L10 on fire floor,

Bstt 2-5upervi6ed EA- and L6 end LI on floors above fire,

FCU- SOP

MSU- 5CF

ZJ- Stood fast,

Bett 6- Stood fast.

Rr ' -^r Bn-1 DC

aN. oiv c

i-.tidclr/;^ " '--Ufe.vroric. 00^3 — TYPE FULL NAME TIME ARRIVED TYPE FULL NAME TlKtt ARRIVED

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 113
Appendix H

\

This page intentionally left blank.

114 NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation
Appendix I Extracted Page from PACO Report on Sprinkler Program

PACO 2002 Report: World Trade Center General Description of All Building Systems and the

Capital Program. Extracted page.

Miscellaneous Life Safety Improvements and Sprinklerization Program

NISTNCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation 115
Appendix I

12. Miscellaneous Life Safety Improvements and Sprinklerization Program

12.1 Oescriptipn of the Prooram The initial base building provided for Fire Standpipe (FSP) proteclksn in the Tov^Qrs and Plaza Buildings and no sprinkler system installation (except in the sub-grade

Levels), in response to the enactment of Local Law 5 and other NYC Building Code

Local Law enactments related to the fire protection of high rise office towers built after 1973 the Port Authority voluntarily retrofitted the WTC complex to comply with the new NYC Building Code Requirements supplemented by PA imposed life safety requirements unique to the WTC. These requirements provided tenants the option

of achieving fire protection compliance by a compartmenlalizatioo or a

sprinklerization option. The Scope of miscellaneous life safety and sprinkler system

upgradesfimprovements, other than certain fire alarm, concourse circulation and

blast recovery improvements discussed elsewhere, included but v/as not limited to:

12.2 Scope of Fire Life Safety Improvements

Architectural Modifications - On all floors: • Upgraded core wall construction to provide for a 2 hour rated fire separation from one side of a tower floor to the opposite side (Where core wall were

already 2 hour rated, such as in elevator shafts, upgraded where not previously

required).

• Installed a double acting set of rated HM fire doors in the core corridors wrfiere the above 2 hour rated fire separation crossed the corridor (This enabled one

half of a typical tower floor to serve as a horizontal fire refuge for the other.) Doors included special magnetic hold open hardware and closures linked to smoke detectors in floor return air ducts.

• Restored all ceilings in corridors and lobbies affected by fire protection

installations.

• Provided slab-to-slab 1hour fire rated walls to enable a maximum of 10,000

gross square foot compartmentalization on each side of the 2 hour rated fire separations.

Sprinkler System installation

• The entire WTC complex was fully spnnklered. The Sprinkler System was

inslalied in three basic phases. Phase 1: Sub-grade areas for the initial building constoiction; Phase 2: Sprinkler riser/main installation throughout 1 & 2 WTC

including the sprinklerization of corridors, storage rooms, lobbies and certain tenant/PA spaces in 1976 in compliance with Local Law 5 to provide tenants with a compartmentation or sprinkler fire protection option; Phase 3: The full sprinklerization of the entire complex for all remaining places from 1983 to the 2001 (including 1993 blast recovery and ongoing up-grades/improvements and

replacements).

• The Tower sprinkler systems were fed in the various zones from the gravity feed

fire reserve tanks located on the 20'*', 41",75* and 110* Floors through a

4"

vertical sprinkler riser located in the Janitor Closet on each floor of each building

in the WTC complex.

EXP 013001

COHFIDENTIAL

Reproduced with pennission of The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.

NIST NCSTAR 1-4A, WTC Investigation