A111D3 TTbDtiM

NIST Monograph 178

Speed of Sound Data and Related Models for

Mixtures of Natural Gas Constituents

B.A. Younglove, N. V. Frederick, and R.D. McCarty

-QC

100

.U556

#178

1993

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NIST Monograph 178

Speed of Sound Data and Related Models for

Mixtures of Natural Gas Constituents

B.A. Younglove

N.V. Frederick

R.D. McCarty

Thermophysics Division

Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Boulder, Colorado 80303-3328

Sponsored by

The Gas Research Institute

Physical Sciences Department

January 1993

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary

TECHNOLOGY ADMINISTRATION, Robert M. White, Under Secretary for Technology

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, John W. Lyons, Director
National Institute of Standards and Technology

Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol., Mono. 178, 97 pages (Jan. 1993)

CODEN:NIMOEZ

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1993

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325
CONTENTS

1. Introduction 1

2. Experimental Method, Procedures, and Uncertainties 3

3. Experimental Results 3

4. Predictive Models

4.1 NIST Model, NGAS 3

4.2 AGA 8 Model 6

4.3 Johnson Model, Mass Flow Rate 6

5. Summary of Results 7

6. References 8

Tables 9

Figures 55

iii
List of Tables

Page

Table 1. Compositions in mole fraction for binary and multicomponent mixtures 9

Table 2. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.94985 CH4 + 0.05015 QHg 10

Table 3. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.84992 CH4 + 0.15008 QH^ 12

Table 4. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.68526 CH4 + 0.31474 C^H^ 14

Table 5. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.50217 CH4 + 0.49783 QHg 17

Table 6. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.34524 CH4 + 0.65476 QH^ 19

Table 7. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.90016 CH4 + 0.09984 QHg 21

Table 8. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.95114 CH4 + 0.04886 N2 23

Table 9. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.85130 CH4 + 0.14870 N2 26

Table 10. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.71373 CH4 + 0.28627 28

Table 11. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.94979 CH4 + 0.05021 CO2 31

Table 12. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.85026 CH4 + 0.14974 CO2 34

Table 13. Speed of sound data for the mixture 0.69944 CH4 + 0.30056 CO2 36

Table 14. Speed of sound data for the mixmre 0.49593 N2 + 0.50407 CO2 39

Table 15. Speed of sound data for the Gulf Coast mixture 41

Table 16. Speed of sound data for the Amarillo mixture 44

Table 17. Speed of sound data for the Statoil dry gas mixture 47

Table 18. Speed of sound data for the Statoil Statvordgass mixture 50

Table 19. Coefficients for NGAS, Equation (3) 52

iv
List of Figures

Page

Figure 1. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8

and NGAS from the experimental values for the

pure methane data of Sivaraman and Gammon [8] 55

Figure 2. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the NIST experimental values for pure methane 57

Figure 3. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.95 - ethane 0.05 58

Figure 4. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.85 - ethane 0.15 58

Figure 5. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.69 - ethane 0.31 59

Figure 6. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.50 - ethane 0.50 59

Figure 7. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.35 - ethane 0.65 60

Figure 8. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.90 - propane 0.10 60

Figure 9. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.95 - nitrogen 0.05 61

Figure 10. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary methane 0.85 - nitrogen 0.15 61

Figure 11. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.71 - nitrogen 0.29 62

Figure 12. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.95 - carbon dioxide 0.05 62

Figure 13. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.85 - carbon dioxide 0.15 63

Figure 14. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.70 - carbon dioxide 0.30 63

V
Figure 15. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture nitrogen 0.50 - carbon dioxide 0.50 64

Figure 16. Experimental speed of sound for the Gulf Coast mixture 64

Figure 17. Experimental speed of sound for the Amarillo mixture 65

Figure 18. Experimental speed of sound for the Amarillo mixture. Comparing

the 300 K run to the high pressure isotherm at 298 K. 65

Figure 19. Experimental speed of sound for the Statoil dry gas mixture 66

Figure 20. Experimental speed of sound for the Statoil Statvordgass mixture 66

Figure 21. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8

and NGAS from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.95 - ethane 0.05 67

Figure 22. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8

and NGAS from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.85 - ethane 0.15 68

Figure 23. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8

and NGAS from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.69 - ethane 0.31 69

Figure 24. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 from the

experimental values for the binary mixture methane 0.50 - ethane 0.50. Note: this composition is outside the range

of AGA 8 and NGAS 70

Figure 25. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 from the

experimental values for the binary mixture, methane 0.35 - ethane 0.65. Note: this composition is outside the range

of AGA 8 and NGAS 71

Figure 26. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the experimental values for the binary mixture,

methane 0.90 - propane 0.10. Note: this composition is outside the range of AGA 8 and NGAS 72

Figure 27. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the experimental values for the binary mixture,

methane 0.95 - nitrogen 0.05 73

Figure 28. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 from the

experimental values for the binary mixture, methane 0.85 - nitrogen 0.15. Note: this composition is outside the range of NGAS 74

vi
Figure 29. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 from tiie experimental values for the binary mixture, methane 0.71 - nitrogen 0.29. Note: this composition is outside the range of NGAS 75

Figure 30. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the experimental values for the binary mixture,

methane 0.95 - carbon dioxide 0.05 76

Figure 31. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS from

the experimental values for the binary mixture, methane 0.85 - carbon dioxide 0.15. Note: this composition is outside die

range of NGAS. 77

Figure 32. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 from the

experimental values for the binary mixture, methane 0.70 - carbon dioxide 0.30. Note: this composition is outside

the range of NGAS 78

Figure 33. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 from the

experimental values for the binary mixture, nitrogen 0.50 - carbon dioxide 0.50. Note: this composition is outside the range

of AGA 8 and NGAS 79

Figure 34. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the experimental values for the Gulf Coast mixture 80

Figure 35. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the experimental values for the Amarillo mixture 81

Figure 36. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the experimental values for the Statoil dry gas mixture 82

Figure 37. Deviations of speed of sound computed by AGA 8 and NGAS

from the experimental values for the Statoil Statvordgass mixture 83

Figure 38. Deviations of the densities computed by NGAS from those

computed using AGA 8 for the Gulf Coast mixture 84

Figure 39. Deviations of the densities computed by NGAS from those

computed using AGA 8 for the Amarillo mixture 84

Figure 40. Deviations of the densities computed by NGAS from those

computed using AGA 8 for the StatoLl dry gas mixture 85

Figure 41. Deviations of the densities computed by NGAS from those

computed using AGA 8 for the Statoil Statvordgass mixture 85

vii
Figure 42. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for

methane 0.95 - ethane 0.05 86

Figure 43. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for

methane 0.70 - ethane 0.30 86

Figure 44. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for

methane 0.95 - carbon dioxide 0.05 87

Figure 45. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for

methane 0.90 - carbon dioxide 0.10 87

Figure 46. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for

methane 0.95 - nitrogen 0.05 88

Figure 47. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for

methane 0.90 - nitrogen 0.10 88

Figure 48. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for the

Gulf Coast mixture 89

Figure 49. Deviations of mass flow computed by the Johnson

equation from that computed by NGAS for the

Amarillo mixture 89

viii
Speed of Sound Data and Related Models

for Mixtures of Natural Gas Constituents

B.A. Younglove, N.V. Frederick, and R.D. McCarty

Thermophysics Division

National Institute of Standards and Technology

325 Broadway

Boulder, Colorado 80303-3328

Sound speed data have been obtained for thirteen binary mixtures and four multicomponent mixtures of natural gas components using a cylindrical cavity.

These data cover a temperature range from 250 to 350 K at pressures to 10 MPa.

The uncertainty in the data is approximately 0.05 percent. The binary mixtures

are primarily methane-rich, with ethane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or propane as

the second component. The multicomponent mixtures are representative of

commercially available compositions in the United States and Europe. The data were used to develop and test mathematical models for prediction of the sound

speed of natural gas mixtures, within an average uncertainty of 0. 1 percent, over

the ranges of pressure, temperature, and composition that encompass the major

region of custody transfer for natural gas. The research program was managed

and sponsored by the Gas Research Institute's Physical Sciences Department.

Key words: binary mixtures; carbon dioxide; ethane; gas; isotherm; methane;

multicomponent mixtures; natural gas; nitrogen; propane; sound speed

1. Introduction

This report summarizes the results of a project focusing on obtaining sound speed data for

primarily binary mixtures of natural gas components. It represents the first comprehensive measurement

program of sound speed data for natural gas mixtures. The program was managed and sponsored by tlie Gas Research Institute (GRI), Physical Sciences Department.

Orifice plates and turbine meters are widely used to determine the mass flow rate of natural gas.

Calibration of a flow meter can be accurately accomplished by measuring the mass flow rate with a sonic

nozzle placed in series with the meter. The sonic nozzle is operated at maximum flow rate which is

obtained at the speed of sound of the system, at a given temperature, pressure, and composition.
We can compute the mass flow rate [1,2] using

m = C A p W, (1)

where m is the mass flow rate, A is the cross-sectional area of the nozzle at the throat, p is the density, W is the

sound speed, and C is a calibration constant for the nozzle and depends on geometrical imperfections and energy

losses of the nozzle. The ideal value for C is unity, for a lossless system. The temperature, pressure, and

composition are used to compute the density and sound speed from an appropriate equation of state.

In the present study, sound speed data have been obtained for mixtures of natural gas components. The

major objective of this work has been to provide the natural gas industry with experimental data that can then be

correlated by an equation of state:

Speed of sound data on methane and its binary mixtures are used in the development of the model. Data

have been obtained for thirteen binary mixtures. These are primarily methane-rich with either propane, carbon

dioxide, or nitrogen as the second component. Sound speed results for methane have been measured at 273.15 K

and compared with Gammon and Douslin's wide-range data [3], used in the development of the model. The data

on four multicomponent mixtures (Gulf Coast, Amarillo, Statoil* dry gas, and Statoil* Statvordgass) have been

obtained to test the predictions of speed of sound models. All of these mixtures were prepared giavimetrically using

a high-precision balance. Measurements were taken on five isotherms, at 250, 275, 300, 325, and 350 K, at pressures

to 10 MPa. This range of temperature and pressure encompasses the major region involved in custody transfer. All

of the experimental measurements at NIST were made using a cylindrical resonant cavity with a fixed path length.

The data of Gammon and Douslin [3] for pure methane were obtained using an interferometer of variable path length.

This monograph reports all of the new experimental sound speed data obtained in this study. Details of a new model developed at MIST, called NGAS [4], for predictions of sound speed and density of natural gas mixtures

are presented. Comparisons of this model, the AGA 8 (American Gas Association) model [5,6], and the traditional

approach of Johnson [7] are made with the comprehensive set of experimental data for natural gas mixtures and the

'Certain commercial materials, equipment, or instruments are identified in this paper in order to adequately

specify the experimental results. Such identification does not imply endorsement by the National Institute of

Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment that are identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.

W = W(P,T,Xi). (2)

2
pure methane data [8].

2. Experimental Method, Procedures, and Uncertainties

The details of the experimental procedure are given in [9]. The measurements were made using a cylindrical

resonant cavity operating at frequencies between 10 and 70 kHz. Longitudinal resonances were measured, and the

frequencies were corrected for shifts arising from viscous losses at the walls and for thermal conduction losses at

the walls and end surfaces. Uncertainty in sound speed measurements is less than 0.05 percent. Temperatures were

measured on the IPTS-68 temperature scale with a capsule platinum resistance thermometer. The sample temperature was regulated within 3 mK. The total uncertainty in the temperature measurement is approximately 0.02 K at 250

K and 0.03 K at 350 K. These temperatures may be converted to the ITS-90 scale using procedures described by

H. Preston-Thomas [10]. Pressures were measured with a high-quality quartz-spiral bourdon gauge. The uncertainty

in pressure measurement is estimated to be 0.001 MPa. The samples were prepared in clean aluminum cylinders

which were heated and pumped to a high vacuum. Mixtures were prepared by weighing using a 25-kg, highprecision double pan balance. The maximum uncertainty in mole fraction is estimated to be 0.006 percent.

3. Experimental Results

Table 1 gives the compositions, in mole percent, of the thirteen binary and four multicomponent mixtures.

The sound speed data are given in tables 2 through 18. The table entries are experimental sound speed in meters

per second, temperature in kelvins, and pressure in megapascals or in pounds per square inch absolute. The

experimental sound speed data are seen in figures 1 through 20, as a function of pressure along isotherms.

4. Predictive Models

4.1 NIST Model, NGAS

The functional form of the MST model, NGAS [4], is given below in eq (3). A, is the real gas contribution

to the Helmholtz energy. The pressure and temperature ranges of the equation of state are 0 to 10 MPa and 250 K

to 350 K.

3
Ar = RTz SZ [Ni + N2tl/(G3)y + Njtfj* + N^tf^ + N5t?/(G3)ij]XiXj

+ (N, + N,!'^-^ + Ngi' + N,x" + NJif^ Ni7X^-*)RTz\G3)

+ (NioX"-* + N„x + Nijx'-^ + N,8)RTz'(G4)

+ (N^T* + N^jt*-* + N23x'-')RTz^(G5)e-^'

+ (Nijz^x + N24T'e-^VTz'(G6) (3)

+ (Ni,z^ + Nisx'z^e-^' + N^^x^e-^' )RTz'(G7)

+ (NjozV + N27x"e-"^ )RTz'(G8)

+ [NjizV + (Njgx" + N2,x")e-^VTz'*(G9)

+ NjoZ^x'V^' (GIO) + NjsZ^V-'e"' (Gil),

where

(4)

(5)

z per', (6)

& (7)

(8)

T e/T, (9)

e a^i:2:x,XjGtjeij, (10)

(11)

(Gk) ZIXiX/Gk)^ k = l,2,... 11, (12)

(Gk)y (Gk, + Gkj)/2. (13)

is the real gas contribution to the Helmholtz energy. R = 8.31434 is the gas constant, T is the

temperature in kelvins, and p is the density in moles per liter. The N, for eq (3) were obtained by a least squares

fit to the experimental sound speed data of Gammon and DousUn [3] and of Sivaraman and Gammon [8]

simultaneously with the PVT results of Friend and Ely [11], and are given in table 19. The allowable pure

4
components are the same as for the AGA Report No. 8 equation of state [5,6], with the exclusion of HjS and H2O.

See the listing in table 19. The o^, e„ Gk„ Uy, Vy, and Wy were obtained by least squares fits to the binary sound

speed data simultaneously with PVT results from [12,13] and are given in table 19. The total Helmholtz energy is

given by

A = A, + A", (14)

where A" is the ideal gas contribution to the Helmholtz energy. The pressure derived from this expression is

p = p\dA/dp)j. (15)

The Helmholtz energy for the ideal gas is

A" = H" - RT - TS", (16)

where H" and S° are the ideal gas enthalpy and entropy, and T is the absolute temperature. To insure consistency,

H" and S" from Starling [12] were used here, and the remainder of the thermodynamic properties were obtained from

the appropriate derivatives of the Helmholtz energy from the new model reported here.

In addition to the restricted pressure and temperature ranges mentioned above, the equation of state is valid

only for mixtures containing at least 60 percent methane, no more than 5 percent nitrogen or carbon dioxide, and

no more than 1 percent total of C4 and above. The predicted speeds of sound from eq (3) have been compared to

the experimental data. In figures 1, la, and lb deviations are shown on selected isotherms for the pure methane data

of Gammon and Douslin [3] and of Sivaraman and Gammon [8]. Figure 2 shows the deviation for one isotherm

of pure methane at 298.15 K taken with the cylindrical resonator. The deviation plots show that both models are

generally within 0.1 percent of the experimental sound speeds from 223 to 348 K. Comparisons to the binary and

multicomponent data are given in figures 21 through 37. These comparisons are made relative to the stated

composition restrictions of the NGAS and AGA 8 equations of state. These deviation plots show that both eq (3) and AGA 8 predict sound speeds of the multicomponent gas mixtures within 0.1 percent for the mixtures that are

within the equation limits, with the exception of the lowest temperature (250 K) for pressures above 5 MPa. In the

low temperature, higher pressure regime, neither model agrees with the experimental data very well, but the deviation

pattern of each model is different. Although the equations do not predict sound speeds to the desired 0. 1 percent

in this extreme temperature and pressure range, it is of little importance in the application to sonic metering since

the pressure in the throat of the nozzle will always be less than 5 MPa if the upstream pressure is within the

specified range of the equation of state. A computer program using eq (3) has been developed to calculate the

5
thermodynamic properties of natural gas. In addition to the standard thermodynamic properties, the program also

calculates the mass flow rate and the critical flow factor for a sonic meter. The program requires pressure,

temperature, and composition as input. Copies of the NGAS program may be obtained from the Gas Research

Institute. Computer programs using the AGA Report No. 8 model are available through the American Gas

Association or the Gas Research Institute.

4.2 AGA 8 Model

Recently, work sponsored by the Gas Research Institute and the American Gas Association at the

Universities of Oklahoma and Idaho has produced an improved equation of state, called in this work the AGA 8

model [5,6]. The speed of sound data obtained under GRI's program and reported here were used in the

development of the new AGA 8 model. This model also incorporates the speed of sound data for methane of

Sivaraman and Gammon [8]. Other data used in its development include pure component compressibility data,

compressibility data for certain binary mixtures, and GERG (Groupe Europ6en de Recherches Gazeri^s)

compressibihty data [14].

Figures 21 through 37, mentioned in the previous section, also present limited deviations between values

calculated from the AGA 8 model and measured sound speeds. Some comparisons are made outside of the stated

limits of the AGA 8 model. The comparison between the NGAS model and the AGA 8 model provided by these

deviation plots indicates very little difference between the two models except at the lower temperatures for pressures

above 5 MPa. In this low-temperature higher pressure regime neither model agrees with the experimental data very

well, but the deviation pattern of each model is different. The NGAS model is probably somewhat better in this

difficult region. Figures 38 through 41 give a comparison of densities calculated by means of the two models at the

pressure and temperature of some of the measured sound speeds. Since there are no measured densities for these

pressures and temperatures, no conclusions as to the accuracy of either of these models may be drawn from the

deviation plots. The comparison does, however, indicate some interesting behavior. The densities calculated from

either model are quite similar except in the low temperature, higher pressure region where the two models do not

perform well in the prediction of sound speed, and for the Statoil Statvordgass mixture where there is about a 0.2

percent offset between the two models. Another interesting feature of the density deviation plots is an abrupt change

in the deviation pattern of some of the isotherms at a pressure of 1 MPa for each of the mixtures, with the single

exception of the Statoil dry gas mixture.

4.3 Johnson Model, Mass Flow Rate

The mass flow rates for a variety of compositions and plenum conditions have been calculated from the

critical flow equations shown below and the equation of state presented here. A sonic nozzle operates at maximum

mass flow. The mass flow speed at the throat of the nozzle is the speed of sound. This condition allows the

6
calculation of the mass flow rate, m, which is given in eq (1). Under the assumption that the fluid flow is one

dimensional and that the entropy Sj of the fluid in the nozzle throat is the same as the entropy Sp of the fluid on

the up-stream side or plenum of the nozzle.

where H is the enthalpy of the fluid and U is the mass flow rate in the nozzle, and the flow in the nozzle is sonic.

The conditions described by eqs (1) and (17) through (19) provide the basis for computation of mass flow rates for

the sonic nozzle. Figures 42 through 49 compare these flow rates with those predicted by Johnson [7]. The deviations illustrated by figures 42 through 49 indicate a degraded performance of the Johnson model

at higher pressures and lower temperatures. The deviation plots also indicate that the Johnson model is less reliable

for mixtures containing significant amounts of components other than methane.

5. Summary of Results

The speed of sound measurements are given in this report for thirteen binary mixtures and four

multicomponent mixtures of natural gas components. The accuracy of the experimental speed of sound data is

estimated to be within 0.05 percent. The experimental data and the deviations from the predictive models, NGAS

and AGA 8, are given in the form of graphs and tables. Both NGAS and AGA 8 were developed using the speed

of sound data contained in this report as part of their correlation database. The functional form of NGAS is

presented. Deviation plots for NGAS and AGA 8 from the pure methane data of Sivaraman and Gammon are also

given. A comparison of the densities as predicted by NGAS and AGA 8 is given for the four multicomponent

mixtures. The mass flow rates as computed from NGAS are compared to those from the Johnson formulation [13].

Deviations of the experimental sound speed from the values computed using NGAS and AGA 8 are given

for each isotherm. In some cases AGA 8 deviations are shown beyond the limits for AGA 8 to allow comparisons

with NGAS. Generally the values of sound speed computed from the equations of state are within ±0.1 percent of

the experimental data for the 273, 300, 325, and 350 K isotherms. The largest deviations are seen for data taken

at 250 K.

This work was carried out at the National Institute of Standards and Technology under the sponsorship of

the Gas Research Institute, Physical Sciences Department, Thermodynamics Program, Program Manager,

Jeffrey L. Savidge.

(17)

(18)

(19)

7
6. References

[I] Miller, R.W., "How Measurement Engineering Handbook," 2nd. ed., McGraw Hill (1989).

[2] Amberg, B.T., "Review of Critical Flow Meters for Gas FLow Measurements," J. Basic Eng. D84. 447-460

(1962).

[3] Gammon, B.E., and Douslin, D.R., "The velocity of sound and heat capacity in methane from near-critical to subcritical conditions and equation-of-state implications," /. Chem. Phys. 64, 203-218, (1976).

[4] McCarty, R.D., "A Model for the Speed of Sound of Natural Gas Mixtures," Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fluid Flow Measurement, June 6-8, 1990, published by American Gas

Association, Arlington VA, Catalog No. XQ9010, p. 155-169 (1990).

[5] Starling, K.E., and Savidge, J.L., "Compressibility Factors of Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon

Gases," American Gas Association Transmission Measurement Committee Report No. 8, American Gas

Association, Arlington VA. Catalog No. XQ9212, (1992).

[6] Starling, K.E., and Savidge, J.L., "GRI High Accuracy Natural gas Equation of State for Gas Measurement

Applications," Annual Report to American Gas Association Transmission Measurement Committee,

Supercompressibility Factor Steering Committee, GRI-91 10184, (1991).

[7] Johnson, R.C., "Calculations of the How of Natural Gas Through Critical How Nozzles," Transactions of

the ASME, p. 580 (September 1970).

[8] Sivaraman, A., and Gammon, B.E., "Speed-of-Sound Measurements in Natural Gas Fluids," Gas Research

Institute Report 86-0043 (1986).

[9] Younglove, B.A., and Frederick, N.V., "Sound Speed Measurements on Gas Mixtures of Natural Gas

Components Using a Cylindrical Resonator," Intl. J. Thermophys., 11^, 897-909 (1990).

[10] Preston-Thomas, H., "The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)," Metrologia, 27, 3-10 (1990).

[II] Friend, D.G., and Ely, J.F., "Thermophysical Properties of Methane," /. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 18^ No.

2, 583-638 (1986).

[12] Starling, K.E., Mannan, M., Savidge, J.L., Sadasivan S., Reid, T.B. Jr., Gangadhar, K., and Drass M.A.,

Appendix C, Final Report, October 1984 - September 1987, Preparedfor Gas Research Institute, Contract No. 5084-260-1010 (September 1987), University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.

[13] Starling, K.E., and Fitz, C, GRI computer program, private communication. University of

Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.

[14] Jaeschke, M., Audibert, S., van Caneghem, P., Humpreys, A.E., Jansen van Rosmalen, R., and Pellei, Q.,

"High Accuracy CompressibiUty Factor Calculation for Natural Gases and Similar Mixtiu^es by Use of a Truncated Virial Equation," GERG Technical Monograph 2 (1988).

8
Tables

Table 1. Compositions in mole fraction for binary

and multicomponent mixtures.

Compositions in mole

fractions for the binary mixtures.

0.84992 methane - 0.15008 ethane

0.68526 methane - 0.31474 ethane

0.50217 methane - 0.49783 ethane

0.34524 methane - 0.65476 ethane

r\ c\f\f\ 1 ^ . 1 0.90016 methane - 0.09984 propane

0.85130 methane - 0.14870 nitrogen

0.71373 methane - 0.28627 nitrogen

0.94979 methane - 0.05021 carbon dioxide

0.85026 methane - 0.14974 carbon dioxide

0.69944 methane - 0.30056 carbon dioxide

0.49593 nitrogen - 0.50407 carbon dioxide

Compositions in mole fractions for the multicomponent mixtures.

Gulf Coast Amarillo

Statoil

Dry Gas

Statoil

Statvordgass

methane

ethane

propane

normal butane

isobutane

nomial pentane

isopentane

nomial hexane

nitrogen

carbon dioxide

0.965 61

0.018 29

0.004 10

0.000 98

0.000 98

0.000 32

0.000 46

0.000 67

0.002 62

0.005 97

0.907 08

0.044 91

0.008 15

0.001 41

0.001 06

0.000 65

0.000 27

0.000 34

0.031 13

0.005 00

0.839 80

0.134 75

0.009 43

0.000 67

0.000 40

0.000 08

0.000 13

0.743 48

0.120 05

0.082 51

0.030 26

0.005 75

0.007 18

0.007 56

0.002 30

0.005 37

0.010 28

9
Table 2. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.94985 CH4 + 0.05015 C^H,.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

377.77 250.000 9.864 1430.6

377.11 250.000 9.800 1421.3

370.94 250.001 9.050 1312.5

367.57 250.000 8.401 1218.4

365.72 250.000 7.685 1114.6

365.60 250.000 7.520 1090.7

365.65 250.000 6.913 1002.6

366.% 250.000 6.193 898.2

369.26 250.000 5.496 797.1

373.92 250.000 4.493 651.7

380.02 250.000 3.428 497.1

386.97 250.000 2.356 341.7

394.64 250.000 1.253 181.7

397.00 250.000 0.915 132.7

397.97 250.000 0.777 112.7

407.39 275.000 10.588 1535.7

404.48 275.000 10.059 1458.9

400.79 275.000 9.152 1327.3

398.69 275.000 8.297 1203.4

397.85 275.000 7.522 1091.0

398.01 275.000 6.677 968.4

399.27 275.000 5.735 831.8

401.26 275.000 4.872 706.6

404.78 275.000 3.754 544.5

408.25 275.000 2.868 416.0

408.62 275.000 2.795 405.4

411.87 275.000 2.041 296.0

417.03 275.000 0.960 139.2

418.60 275.000 0.646 93.8

431.00 300.002 10.437 1513.8

429.28 300.000 9.952 1443.4

426.69 300.000 8.995 1304.6

424.% 300.000 7.952 1153.3

424.31 300.000 6.954 1008.6

424.77 300.000 5.650 819.5

426.09 300.000 4.603 667.6

428.22 300.000 3.495 506.8

431.15 300.000 2.360 342.2

434.27 300.000 1.341 194.5 435.38 300.000 1.019 147.8

436.70 300.000 0.624 90.5

10
Table 2. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.94985 CH4 + 0.05015 C^H^ (continued).

We,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

453.33

451.77

449.61

448.22

447.43

446.42

446.51

446.80

447.37

448.05

449.15

450.20

451.55

452.01

452.42

452.75

453.06

453.39

453.78

325.000

325.002

325.000

325.000

325.000

324.999

325.002

325.000

325.000

324.999

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.001

325.000

325.001

325.001

325.000

325.000

10.402

9.892

8.983

8.281

7.590

6.205

5.521

4.821

4.124

3.447

2.668

2.058

1.411 1.247 1.086

0.937

0.804

0.660

0.496

1508.7

1434.7

1302.9

1201.1 1100.9

899.9

800.8

699.3

598.1

500.0

387.0

298.6

204.6

180.9

157.5 136.0

116.6

95.8

71.9

473.74

472.79

472.74

470.67

468.95

468.77

467.57

466.65

466.03

465.73

465.71

465.94

466.39

466.75

467.13

467.92

468.12

468.28

468.69

468.99

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

10.521 10.166

10.164

9.350

8.528

8.350

7.558

6.729

5.931

5.162

4.369

3.582

2.819

2.440

2.068

1.344

1.203

1.081 0.793

0.553

1525.9

1474.4

1474.1

1356.1 1236.9

1211.0

1096.1 975.9

860.3

748.7

633.7

519.6

408.9

353.9

300.0

194.9

174.4

156.8

115.1 80.2

11
Table 3. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.84992 CH, + 0.15008 C^H,.

W.,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

369.05

355.92

355.94

343.80

335.92

334.13

337.74

344.26

352.78

361.52

370.78

380.06

250.000

250.000

250.001

250.000

249.999

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

10.340

9.717

9.716

8.941

8.022

6.989

5.893

4.839

3.737

2.715

1.664 0.629

1499.7

1409.4

1409.2

1296.8

1163.5

1013.7

854.7

701.8

542.1

393.8

241.4

91.2

385.86

379.69

373.95

369.96

368.97

369.90

372.66

377.06

384.06

390.34

390.34

396.48

399.50

275.000

275.000

275.001

275.001

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

11.110

10.424

9.553

8.480

7.562

6.566

5.527

4.433

3.060

1.984

1.984 0.994

0.525

1611.4

1511.9

1385.5

1229.9

1096.8

952.4

801.6

642.9

443.8

287.8

287.8

144.2

76.2

403.77

401.90

398.93

397.12

396.68

397.56

399.47

402.14

405.92

409.83

412.67

416.20

300.004

300.000

300.000

300.001

300.000

300.001

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.002

300.000

299.999

10.641

10.208

9.269

8.247

7.258

6.129

5.100

4.121

2.994

2.015

1.341 0.567

1543.3

1480.5

1344.3

1196.1

1052.6

889.0

739.7

597.6

434.2

292.3

194.5

82.3

12

il
Table 3. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.84992 CH4 + 0.15008 C.H, (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

431.85 325.000 0.661 95.8

431.71 325.000 0.682 98.9

431.25 325.000 0.811 117.7 430.76 325.000 0.%8 140.3 430.30 325.000 1.105 160.3 429.84 325.000 1.238 179.5 429.43 325.000 1.361 197.3 421.24 325.000 4.833 701.0

420.58 325.000 5.506 798.6

420.02 325.000 6.283 911.3

419.73 325.000 7.040 1021.0

420.13 325.000 7.805 1132.0

421.04 325.000 8.636 1252.5

422.27 325.000 9.397 1362.9

424.26 325.000 10.145 1471.5

425.17 325.000 10.450 1515.6

445.49 350.000 10.457 1516.6

444.05 350.000 9.861 1430.2

441.61 350.000 8.549 1240.0

440.47 350.000 7.586 1100.3

440.49 350.000 7.585 1100.0

439.93 350.000 6.553 950.4

439.87 350.000 6.370 923.9

439.98 350.000 5.523 801.0

440.55 350.000 4.497 652.2

441.70 350.000 3.416 495.4

443.17 350.000 2.430 352.5

445.21 350.000 1.361 197.4

446.04 350.000 0.%1 139.4

446.39 350.000 0.805 116.8

13
Table 4. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.68526 CH« + 0.31474 QH,.

w

m/c 111/ a TEMP PRES

MPa

PRES

uoia

t IZ.Io 9^0 nnn inlU. 11 JZS9 1479 IH /Z.t4

9^n nnn 0y.QoU i4n4 n

jJrf.Lo 9^n nnn 80.711 / J 1 19/^A 1 901 9^n nnn 7/. 718 / 10 1110 4

9Q1 ^1 9^n nnn 7 71A /. / 10 11101 1 1 ly. 1 z/o./y ZjU.UUU /.UU/ 1 r\i A 1 lUlO.J

282.32 249.998 5.989 868.7

276.47 250.000 6.636 962.4

/IT ZjU.UUU J.1U4 /4U.J

zyy.jy ZjU.UUU 4.004 0/0.4

ouo.o/ ZjU.UUU 4.UU1 eon o JOU.Z

Ocr» AAA ZjU.UUU j.jZU 4ol.O

jZ/.oO 9^n nnn ZjU.UUU 9 Ain Z.olU ne A J /o.o JJ / .ZZ 9«A AAA ZjU.UUU 974 z /'t.yQ

"^4^ 81 9<;n nnn 1l.ZiZ 919 17^ 7 1 / J. / '1^'^ 74 9^n nnn nU. JJ7 ^^0 81 1

'^47 no 974 004 in 984 1401 6

JtZ. / J 97^ z / J.UUU nnn lU.UJU in nin ^A<A 7 14JH. / 149 fl\ 97^ Z/ J.UUU nnn inlU.UZj n9i 14<1 7 14JJ. / mA7 9^^ r»nn Z/ J.UUU Q ICQ 1^01. / 19^ A7 9T< (W\ Z/ J.UUU 0.40/ 1700 n IZZo.U 323.15 275.001 7.617 1104.7

324.33 275.000 6.739 977.4

198 Q/1 97<i nnn Z / J.UUU ^ TIO J. /jZ C1 1 1 OJI.J 97S Z / J.UUU nnn A 719 4. / jZ ^CA /I O0O.4

141 74 97< Z nnn / J.UUU j.oyy JJO.J

1^1 77 97< Z/ nnn J.UUU 9 7^8 Z. / JO 4UU.U

97^ Z nnn / J.UUU 1. / 1

Z4o. / ifil on 97^ Z nnn / J.UUU 1 181 7rw^ 1 ZUU.j

1A7 1^ 97^ Z nnn / J.UUU n QQ^ u.yyj 1/1/1 /I 144.4

17f» A1 Z / J.UUU U.ojU oil yi.j

363.87 300.000 10.662 1546.4

361 40 300 ono iw. 10110 J Lyj 140^ ityJ. 1J 358.06 300.000 9.707 1407.9

355.33 300.000 8.915 1293.1

354.22 300.000 8.294 1203.0

354.63 300.000 7.062 1024.3

356.67 300.000 6.198 899.0

359.74 300.000 5.335 773.8

364.49 300.005 4.308 624.8

369.14 300.000 3.442 499.2

14
Table 4. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.68526 CH4 + 0.31474 C^H^ (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

371.54 299.871 3.016 437.5

374.33 300.000 2.563 371.7

375.30 299.866 2.392 347.0

379.82 30a000 1.688 244.8

379.55 299.865 1.719 249.4

384.02 299.865 1.032 149.7 384.66 300.000 0.943 136.8 388.57 299.857 0.340 49.3

384.49 325.000 10.635 1542.5

384.38 325.000 10.622 1540.6

384.06 325.000 10.530 1527.3

383.27 325.000 10.335 1498.9

381.43 325.000 9.693 1405.9

379.96 325.000 8.940 1296.7

379.29 325.000 8.289 1202.2

379.21 325.000 7.605 1103.1

379.74 325.000 6.940 1006.5

380.70 325.000 6.248 906.1

382.24 325.000 5.551 805.0

384.17 325.000 4.829 700.4

386.42 325.000 4.138 600.2

388.94 325.000 3.439 498.8

391.75 325.000 2.747 398.4

395.11 325.000 2.009 291.4

397.99 325.000 1.379 200.0

398.77 325.000 1.237 179.5 400.16 325.000 0.954 138.4

401.49 325.000 0.687 99.6

389.36 324.952 3.331 483.1

392.59 324.% 1 2.558 371.0

395.76 324.948 1.852 268.6

399.66 324.944 1.032 149.7

403.09 324.943 0.345 50.0

404.% 350.000 10.680 1549.0

403.23 350.000 9.992 1449.1

401.75 350.000 9.130 1324.2

15
Table 4. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.68526 CH4 + 0.31474 C,H. (continued).

w" exp m/s

TEMP

K

PRES

MPa

PRES

psia

400.90 350.000 8.303 1204.3

400.72 350.000 7.522 1091.0

401.01 350.000 6.700 971.7

401.97 350.000 5.727 830.6

403.52 350.000 4.794 695.3

405.% 350.000 3.695 535.9

408.49 350.000 2.773 402.1

408.51 350.001 2.753 399.3

408.61 349.998 2.722 394.8

411.56 350.003 1.799 260.9

411.85 350.000 1.729 250.8

418.16 349.994 1.220 176.9

414.21 350.005 1.044 151.4

414.60 350.000 0.948 137.5 416.19 349.996 0.518 75.1 416.20 349.995 0.515 74.7

416.23 349.994 0.506 73.4

416.82 350.005 0.347 50.3

16
Table 5. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.50217 CH4 + 0.49783 QH^.

W.,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

285.33 250.000 2.890 419.1

289.35 250.000 2.703 392.0

297.52 250.000 2.310 335.0

305.52 250.000 1.898 275.3

314.39 250.000 1.404 203.7

323.69 250.000 0.849 123.2

329.23 250.000 0.504 73.2

311.01 274.998 8.730 1266.3

296.67 275.000 8.345 1210.3

288.52 274.999 8.083 1172.4

288.50 yl c\r\f\ 8.087 1172.9

278.42 274.999 7.654 1110.2

273.70 275.001 7.259 1052.8

272.57 275.000 6.921 1003.8

273.59 275.000 n. can 6.566 952.4

276.67 275.001 6.123 000 1 000.1

285.78 275.000 5.285 nan a 766.6

296.59 275.000 4.438 643.7

307.79 275.001 3.594 521.3

317.06 275.001 2.874 416.9

322.32 275.001 2.459 356.7

327.30

/-\'^ A r\f\r\ 2.063 299.2

331.05 275.000 1.756 254.6

336.81

p f\f\f\ 275.000 1.261 182.9

338.45 275.000 1.112 161.3

322.42 300.000 9.809 1422.7

319.74 300.000 9.588 1390.7

318.06 300.000 9.427 1367.3

314.51 300.000 9.029 1309.6

314.54 300.000 9.034 1310.2

310.63 299.997 8.328 1207.9

309.66 300.000 7.634 1107.3

311.26 300.000 6.831 990.8

315.40 300.000 5.960 864.4

320.81 300.000 5.142 745.8

325.53 300.000 4.520 655.5

333.02 299.999 3.606 522.9

340.62 299.996 2.749 398.8

344.04 300.000 2.368 343.5

347.17 299.999 2.021 293.1

17
Table 5. Sound of speed data for the mixture

0.50217 CH4 + 0.49783 QH. (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

346.99 300.000 2.044 296.5

350.40 300.000 1.663 241.2

353.53 299.998 1.312 190.4

356.71 300.000 0.954 138.3 356.63 300.000 0.970 140.7

360.00 300.000 0.585 84.8

343.74 325.000 10.399 1508.2

341.49 325.000 10.004 1450.9

338.08 325.000 9.003 1305.8

337.31 325.000 8.262 1198.2

337.87 324.999 7.464 1082.6

339.61 325.000 6.700 971.7

342.26 325.000 5.938 861.2

345.64 325.000 5.165 749.1

349.49 325.000 4.414 640.1

353.86 325.000 3.657 530.4

358.65 325.000 2.882 418.0

363.52 325.000 2.135 309.6

368.69 325.000 1.370 198.6

370.02 325.000 1.181 171.2

371.05 325.000 1.032 149.6

372.03 325.000 0.890 129.1 373.14 325.000 0.730 105.9

374.52 325.000 0.529 76.7

361.18 350.000 9.009 1306.6

360.83 350.000 8.273 1199.8

361.24 350.000 7.569 1097.8

362.34 350.000 6.772 982.2

364.17 350.000 5.966 865.2

366.74 350.000 5.104 740.3

369.92 350.000 4.236 614.4

373.38 350.000 3.410 494.6

377.15 350.000 2.590 375.6

381.74 350.000 1.660 240.8

386.55 350.000 0.747 108.3 383.89 350.000 1.246 180.8

385.78 350.000 0.893 129.5 387.33 350.000 0.601 87.2

18
Table 6. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.34524 CH4 + 0.65476 C^H,.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

273.84

278.96

285.53

291.18

295.23

297.12

298.11

304.40

310.82

315.36

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

2.099

1.911 1.655 1.416

1.241 1.155

1.107 0.810

0.488

0.250

304.4

277.1

240.0

205.4

180.0

167.5

160.5

117.5 70.8

36.3

258.68

279.11

280.09

288.55

297.10

304.68

313.18

317.52

319.49

326.05

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

4.212

3.293

3.239

2.804

2.339

1.899

1.379

1.107 0.973

0.536

610.9

477.6

469.8

406.7

339.3

275.4

200.0

160.5 141.2 77.7

272.93

273.28

276.06

282.80

290.83

299.08

307.09

315.60

319.53

323.00

326.21

330.46

331.99

334.42

335.37

337.59

338.68

339.23

340.55

341.04

300.010

299.998

300.001

299.999

300.000

300.001

300.001

300.001

300.001

300.001

300.000

299.997

300.000

300.002

299.999

299.997

300.000

299.997

299.999

300.004

6.454

6.402

6.041

5.368

4.676

4.005

3.363

2.671

2.346

2.060

1.795

1.437

1.303

1.091

1.011 0.810

0.718

0.664

0.549

0.502

936.1

928.5

876.2

778.5

678.3

580.8

487.8

387.5

340.3

298.7

260.3

208.4

188.9

158.2

146.7

117.5

104.1 96.4

79.6

72.9

19
Table 6. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.34524 CH4 + 0.65476 C^H^ (continued).

m/s

TEMP

K

PRES

MPa

PRES

psia

32S 000 10 3fi8 1503 8

^n Q7 325 000 10 001 1463 6

325 000 0 709 1407 1 325 000 8 030 1905 9

8 174 1 185 5

D.700 i\jy 07'^ 1 '^95 nnn 5 048 869 ft ^95 (Wi J.5 105 IK)

740 5 321.07 325.000 4.322 626.8

327.74 325.000 3.524 511.1

^"^4 'X'X '^95 fWi 9 7/^1 Z. /Ol 400 4

"^95 nOTi 9 050 908 6

'lAfk JHO.^07/ ^95 nnn 1

1 ,3HZ 1d9 104 6

^95 noo 1 1^0 IfiO 5

3*in 00 395 000 0 OO^i 131 4

3'>'7 4fi 395 000 0 730 105 0

395 000 0 701 101 7

333 67 350 000 10 567 1 539 7

350 000 0 '^88 1^61 7

^50 000 8 40^i 19'^9

"^50 000 7 ^t07 110'?^

"^50 000 fi 747 078 6

^50 000 5 074 866 5 334.83 350.000 5.752 834.2

339.31 350.000 4.835 701.3

344.92 350.000 3.849 558.2

350.96 350.000 2.881 417.9

357.35 350.000 1.923 278.9

361.27 350.000 1.349 195.6

361.26 350.000 1.348 195.5 365.37 350.000 0.756 109.7 367.31 350.000 0.480 69.7

20
Table 7. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.90016 CH, + 0.09984 CjHg.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

359.15 250.000 10.295 1493.2

347.73 250.000 9.779 1418.3

335.23 250.000 9.055 1313.3

327.15 250.000 8.307 1204.8

348.04 250.000 3.050 442.4

350.77 250.000 2.744 398.0

351.03 250.000 2.720 394.5

358.73 250.000 1.897 275.1

362.55 250.000 1.504 218.1

365.86 250.000 1.159 168.0

372.47 250.000 0.475 68.8

367.38 275.000 10.222 1482.5

363.76 275.000 9.718 1409.5

359.02 275.000 8.735 1266.9

357.11 275.000 7.657 1110.6

357.90 275.000 6.649 964.4

360.84 275.000 5.595 811.5

365.30 275.000 4.546 659.4

371.38 275.000 3.413 495.0

377.66 275.000 2.383 345.7

384.94 275.000 1.275 184.9

389.68 275.000 0.581 84.3

392.02 299.997 10.447 1515.2

391.70 299.999 10.366 1503.4

390.42 300.000 10.025 1454.0

387.01 300.000 8.978 1302.1 385.59 300.003 7.981 1157.5

385.54 300.002 6.947 1007.5

386.83 300.002 5.922 858.9

388.85 299.998 5.000 725.2

392.19 300.000 3.876 562.2

396.48 300.001 2.752 399.2

400.88 299.999 1.769 256.6

404.08 300.001 1.085 157.3

405.30 300.000 0.819 118.8

406.11 300.000 0.664 96.3

406.65 300.000 0.549 79.6

21
Table 7. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.90016 CH4 + 0.09984 C3H, (continued).

W^p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

422.44

422.26

422.29

421.67

421.06

420.39

419.72

418.95

416.95

414.48

414.46

414.45

413.18

411.50

410.32

409.33

408.71

408.35

408.50

408.56

409.02

410.13

411.52

412.43

413.74

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

0.481

0.524

0.533

0.683

0.857

1.035 1.224

1.432 2.062

2.951

2.954

2.956

3.451

4.122

4.827

5.503

6.199

6.889

7.585

7.585

8.254

8.978

9.660

10.000

10.409

69.8

76.0

77.3

99.1 124.4

150.1 177.6

207.7

299.1

428.0

428.5

428.7

500.5

597.9

700.1

798.1

899.1

999.2

1100.1

1100.1

1197.1

1302.1

1401.1

1450.4

1509.6

433.49

433.00

431.34

429.65

428.81

428.48

428.81

429.77

431.24

433.17

434.77

435.17

436.00

436.51

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

10.246

10.079

9.310

8.285

7.248

6.211

5.172

4.162

3.104

2.057

1.345 1.160

0.821

0.617

1486.1

1461.8

1350.3

1201.7

1051.2

900.9

750.1

603.7

450.2

298.4

195.1 168.2

119.0

89.5

22
Table 8. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.95114 CH4 + 0.04886 N^.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

^92 77 250 000 10 40^ 1508 8

250 000 9 980 1447 5 9 06"^ ni4 5

'^80 41 250 000 80. 191 1 1 1 188 0

378.93 250 000 6 915 1003 0

380 06 250 000 5 87'? 851 8

382 80 250 000 4 837 701 5 387 10 250 000 3 696 536 1 392.26 250 000 2 596 376 6

397.99 250 000 1.518 220.2

402.66 250 000 0.700 101.5 404.60 250 000 0.377 54.7

417.79 275.000 10.460 1517.1 415.93 275 000 10.032 1454.9

412.22 275.000 9.009 1306.7

409.88 275 000 7.952 1153.3

408.93 275 000 6.949 1007.9

409.18 275 000 5.896 855.2

409.43 275 ^ / ^ »\J\J\J 000 5.644 818.5

410.41 275 000 4.843 702.4

412.76 275 000 3.721 539.7

415.53 275 000 2.704 392.2

418 76 275 000 1.718 249.1

422.29 275 000 10.772 112.0

472 68 275 000 0 681 98 7

440.11 300.000 9.983 1448.0

438.29 300.000 9.399 1363.2

436.04 300.000 8.444 1224.7

434.63 300.000 7.583 1099.8

433.67 300.000 6.499 942.6

433.52 300.000 5.466 792.8

433.81 300.000 4.799 696.0

434.81 300.000 3.764 546.0

436.32 300.000 2.759 400.2

438.33 300.000 1.738 252.1

439.87 300.004 1.092 158.4

440.80 300.000 0.704 102.2

23
Table 8. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.95114 CH4 + 0.04886 N, (continued).

W,,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

454.54

454.60

454.59

464.20

463.12

461.10

459.34

457.22

456.42

455.66

455.11

454.70

454.42

454.40

454.69

455.24

455.86

456.59

456.82

457.02

457.20

457.41

457.65

457.88

482.89

481.69

481.68

480.66

478.21

476.75

476.34

475.03

474.07

473.25

472.79

472.50

472.44

472.60

473.00

324.998

324.990

325.000

325.000

324.998

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

324.997

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

349.998

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

4.264

4.084

4.084

10.652

10.343

9.665

8.%9

8.016

7.431

6.901

6.211

5.524

4.842

4.140

3.447

2.753

2.065

1.507 1.380

1.237 1.102 0.966

0.801

0.670

10.433

9.979

9.976

9.602

8.623

7.913

7.711

6.885

6.139

5.333

4.550

3.791

3.028

2.209

1.365

1618.4

1592.3

1592.3

1544.9

1500.2

1401.8

1300.9

1162.7

1077.8

1000.8

900.8

801.3

702.3

600.4

500.0

399.2

299.6

218.5

200.2

179.4 159.8

140.1 116.2

97.2

1513.2

1447.4

1447.0

1392.7

1250.6

1147.7

1118.4

998.6

890.4

773.6

659.9

549.9

439.2

320.5

197.9

24
Table 8. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.95114 CH, + 0.04886 (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

473.07

473.11

473.23

473.40

473.71

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

350.000

1.363 1.184 1.000

0.781

0.523

197.8

171.8

145.1 113.3

75.9

392.61

391.91

391.22

390.60

387.71

384.72

381.31

379.16

377.29

375.52

374.16

373.58

375.41

378.39

381.34

383.50

385.71

249.998

250.002

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.001

250.001

250.000

249.997

249.999

249.999

250.000

249.998

249.999

250.001

250.001

0.281

0.419

0.561

0.695

1.320 2.002

2.876

3.472

4.091

4.826

5.624

6.864

8.108

8.983

9.591

9.952

10.281

40.7

60.8

81.4

100.8

191.5 290.4

417.1

503.5

593.4

699.9

815.7

995.5

1176.0

1302.9

1391.0

1443.5

1491.1

25
Table 9. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.85130 CH4 + 0.14870 N^.

wexp m/s

TEMP

K

PRES

MPa

PRES

psia

411.12 275.000 0.290 42.1

410.68 275.000 0.420 60.9

410.26 275.000 0.551 79.9

409.82 274.999 0.689 99.9

409.73 275.000 0.702 101.8

407.70 275.000 1.404 203.7

405.90 275.000 2.104 305.2

404.32 275.000 2.781 403.4

403.01 274.999 3.452 500.7

401.97 274.998 4.125 598.3

401.29 275.002 4.800 696.2

400.84 274.998 5.537 803.1

400.81 274.998 6.216 901.6

401.26 274.999 6.910 1002.2

402.20 275.002 7.659 1110.8

403.51 275.000 8.328 1207.9

405.23 274.999 8.983 1302.8

407.36 275.001 9.599 1392.3

410.61 275.002 10.393 1507.4

433.32 300.000 10.454 1516.2

429.49 300.000 9.324 1352.4

426.87 300.001 8.287 1202.0

424.87 300.000 7.222 1047.5

423.80 300.000 6.216 901.5

423.32 300.000 4.943 716.9

423.52 300.000 3.935 570.7

424.04 300.000 3.075 446.0

426.29 300.000 1.334 193.5 427.59 300.000 0.628 91.1

453.60 325.000 10.447 1515.2

453.60 325.000 10.444 1514.8

452.69 325.000 10.167 1474.6

450.31 325.000 9.388 1361.6

448.35 325.000 8.624 1250.8

446.68 325.000 7.879 1142.7

445.30 325.000 . 7.112 1031.6

445.30 325.000 7.112 1031.4

444.20 325.000 6.338 919.2

442.86 325.000 4.890 709.2

26
Table 9. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.85130 CH4 + 0.14870 (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

442.53 325 000 4.132 599 2

442.43 325 000 3.367 488.3

442.59 325.000 2.584 374.8

443.01 325.000 1.792 259.9

443.32 325.000 1.313 190.4 443.35 325.000 1.313 190.4 443.57 325.000 1.046 151.8 443.79 325.000 0.787 114.2

444.01 325.000 0.615 89.2

472.33 350.000 10.465 1517.9

472.20 350.000 10.463 1517.5

472.20 350.000 10.429 1512.6

471.15 350.000 10.100 1464.9

468.48 350.000 9.166 1329.4

466.20 350.000 8.239 1195.0

464.34 350.000 7.370 1068.9

462.75 350.000 6.499 942.6

461.49 350 000 5.650 819.4

460.52 350.000 4.824 699.6

459.76 350.000 3.923 569.0

459.33 350.000 3.233 468.9

459.36 350.000 3.185 461.9

459.11 350.000 2.406 349.0

459.07 350.000 1.582 229.4

459.08 350.000 1.355 196.5 459.10 350.000 1.152 167.1 459.16 350.000 0.999 144.8

459.18 350.000 0.646 93.7

459.21 350.000 0.640 92.9

459.20 350.000 0.632 91.6

459.33 350.000 0.542 78.7

27
Table 10. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.71373 CH4 + 0.28627 N,.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

377.04

376.80

373.22

369.05

366.40

365.70

365.90

366.24

368.14

371.21

371.23

373.72

376.53

377.07

377.79

377.80

378.19

399.50

396.10

394.43

392.15

390.53

389.98

389.83

389.75

390.15

390.22

390.58

391.12

391.27

391.77

392.90

394.07

394.91

422.85

420.79

416.82

413.99

411.78

410.81

250.000

250.006

250.014

250.001

249.993

249.994

250.017

250.007

249.999

250.004

250.001

249.998

249.994

250.000

250.000

250.000

250.000

275.013

274.998

275.001

274.996

274.999

274.998

275.044

275.001

275.000

275.029

274.997

275.001

274.998

274.997

275.000

274.999

275.004

301.207

301.234

301.200

301.177

301.144

299.998

10.065

10.039

9.322

8.255

6.977

5.692

4.985

4.735

3.450

2.139

2.105

1.269 0.436

0.313

0.144

0.139

0.085

9.922

8.945

8.301

7.430

6.258

5.597

5.158

4.188

3.450

3.427

3.038

2.564

2.446

2.045

1.345 0.738

0.347

10.260

9.662

8.332

7.013

5.567

5.479

1459.8

1456.0

1352.0

1197.3

1011.9

825.6

723.0

686.7

500.4

310.3

305.3

1841

63.3

45.4

20.9

20.2

12.3

1439.0

1297.3

1204.0

1077.6

907.7

811.8

748.2

607.4

500.3

497.1

440.6

371.8

354.7

296.6

195.1

107.1 50.3

1488.1

1401.3

1208.5

1017.2

807.4

794.7

28
Table 10. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.71373 CH4 + 0.28627 N, (continued).

w

IBM/ 9 TEMP

K

PRES

MPa

PRES

nciii

90Q QQQ A 1 4. 1 JO Art9 7 OUZ. / Irtrt OQfl 1 090 j.uzy AT.Q 1

Irtrt rt77 9 rt71 Z.U/

J

Irtrt A

410.57 300.077 1.398 202.8

411.17 300.051 0.713 103.5

irtrt rtn< O /17A AO rt oy.u

/111 lO jUU.UUj AO rt oy.u

A^ \ AA 41 1.44 90Q Q/QA rt 1^4 ^1 1 J i.j

AW AT. 411 .4Jirtrt rtrti rt 1A1 ^9 A

A\ 1 <^ 41 l.jj 9QQ OQQ zyy.yyo rt 97^ U.Z/

J

10 0

41 1.04 900 zyy.yyy 000 0 900 10 1

41HI 1l.oZ 89 900 zyy.yyy 000 91Zi.Z9

411 41 Q7 1.7/ 900 zyy.yoo 08fi 0 10"^ 1 0

440 07 19'? 000 10 007 IH14^1J 1. JS

4't7 QO 19^ 000 0y.zoo 98^^ 114A 8

19S 000 8 fi'W 19'^1 IZJ 1.70

HJ j.Oo 19S jZJ.UVA7 000 7 710 1191 1 i izi. 1 4'^! HJ 1 .oM- 9A 19S 000 o.yzz 099 1001 0

4'^0 fiiT. '^9'^ 000 ft 907 000 ^ 490 S4 19'^ 000 ^ <;i 1 700 / yy.H4

490 4Zy. 171 / 19^ 000 ^ 000 718 / JO.Z9

49fi 4Zo.70/y IOC AAA 4 800 AOA oyo.z9

49fi 4Z0.474Q 19^ 000 A7A 0/0.11 497 iz O/i / .yo 19^ 000 4 000 ^80 9 497 4Z/.7A/O 19c noo 1 7'?9 J. / JZ '>44 9 497 Art 4Z/.OU 19'\ 000 1 410 407 ty ^ / .J 497 14 4Z/.J4 17c noo 1 047 449 0

497 4Z 9< / .ZD 17c nnrt 1 047 4411 .y0

497 97 4Z/.Z/ 17c nnrt 9Z.7S9 /DZ 100 jyy. 11 497 4Z 11 /. 1

J

19^ 000 9 6^1

497 4Z / .UZ 09 19S 000 9 404

49/=» 0^ 19^ 000 9 0^^7 900 8

4Z497 01 / .Uj 19^ 000 1 79"^

1 . / Zj 940 0

426.89 324.999 1.713 248.4

427.02 325.000 1.378 199.9

427.08 325.000 1.341 194.5 427.08 325.000 1.208 175.3 427.15 325.000 0.938 136.0

427.20 325.000 0.733 106.3 427.11 325.001 0.693 100.5 427.22 325.000 0.554 80.3

427.32 325.000 0.546 79.2

29
Table 10. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.71373 CH4 + 0.28627 N, (continued).

w

m/s

IhMr

K MPa psia

459.14 350.000 10.469 1518.3

459.15 350.000 10.466 1518.0

455.52 350.000 9.320 1351.7

452,64 350.000 8.277 1200.5

450.14 350.000 7.236 1049.5

447.95 350.000 6.219 902.0

446.19 350.000 5.170 749.9

445.63 350.000 4.827 700.1

444.26 350.000 3.786 549.1

443.21 350.000 2.759 400.2

442.51 350.000 1.712 248.3

442.28 350.000 1.343 194.8

442.18 350.000 0.977 141.7 442.18 350.000 0.933 135.4

442.21 350.000 0.932 135.2

r

30
Table 11. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.94979 CH4 + 0.05021 CO,.

w" exp m/s

TEMP

K

PRES

MPa

PRES

psia

378.77 249.999 10.517 1525.4

372.08 249.998 9.832 1426.0

372.05 249.998 9.826 1425.1 366.28 249.998 8.955 1298.8

363.41 249.998 8.186 1187.3

362.53 250.002 7.176 1040.8

362.61 250.000 7.106 1030.7

363.67 250.001 6.313 915.6

365.83 250.000 5.545 804.2

368 Q8 9S0 001 4 734 686 6

372.63 249.999 3.%5 575.1

376.95 249.999 3.164 458.9

383.13 250.000 2.112 306.4

387.48 249.999 1.413 204.9

389.63 250.000 1.080 156.7 391.20 250.000 0.833 120.9

391.15 249.999 0.842 122.2

392.04 250.001 0.703 102.0

392.87 249.999 0.575 83.4

401.67 275.000 10.496 1522.3

398.56 275.000 9.804 1421.9

775 000 8 863 1285 5 393.95 275.001 7.837 1136.6

393.70 275.001 6.917 1003.2

394.88 275.001 5.692 825.6

396.88 275.000 4.717 684.2

400.07 275.000 3.607 523.2

403.45 275.000 2.647 383.9

407.25 275.000 1.685 244.4

410.48 275.000 0.938 136.1 412.73 275.000 0.447 64.9

426.09 300.003 10.604 1537.9

423.55 300.000 9.842 1427.4

421.42 300.000 8.978 1302.2

420.03 299.999 8.163 1184.0

419.09 300.000 7.119 1032.6

419.05 300.000 6.194 898.4

419.66 300.000 5.171 750.0

421.01 300.000 4.132 599.3

422.99 300.000 3.089 448.0

425.39 300.000 2.064 299.4

31
Table 11. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.94979 CH4 + 0.05021 CO^ (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

428.33

429.98

300.000

300.000

1.022 0.489148.2

71.0

446.04

445.99

445.66

445.27

444.76

444.54

444.18

443.26

442.38

441.56

440.93

440.58

440.44

440.32

440.39

440.40

440.47

440.81

440.79

441.09

441.31

441.83

442.38

442.42

443.52

445.01

445.97

447.10

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.001

325.002

325.001

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.002

325.000

325.000

325.001

325.000

325.000

325.002

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

0.599

0.599

0.763

0.957

1.234 1.356

1.499 2.066

2.746

3.446

4.134

4.813

5.518

5.518

5.535

5.538

6.203

6.892

6.934

7.251

7.580

7.935

8.288

8.310

8.975

9.609

10.011

10.384

86.9

86.9

110.7

138.8

179.0

196.7

217.5

299.6

398.3

499.8

599.5

698.1

800.3

800.3

802.8

803.2

899.7

999.6

1005.7

1051.7

1099.4

1150.9

1202.1

1205.3

1301.7

1393.7

1452.0

1506.0

32
Table 11. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.94979 CU, + 0.05021 CO, (continued).

W.,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

461.72 350.000 8.011 1162.0

460.32 350.000 6.956 1008.9

459.41 350.000 5.896 855.2

458.91 350.000 4.809 697.4

458.88 350.000 3.783 548.7

459.28 350.000 2.759 400.1

460.06 350.000 1.697 246.1

460.42 350.000 1.319 191.4

461.10 350.000 0.688 99.8

33
Table 12. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.85026 CH4 + 0.14974 CO2.

W.,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

345.16

337.33

332.00

329.32

328.99

330.33

333.12

336.76

341.28

346.48

351.17

354.47

356.42

358.79

360.63

362.59

362.53

363.55

364.33

366.00

363.49

360.95

360.33

361.50

363.79

366.99

370.76

375.32

379.87

382.61

391.10

389.22

386.88

385.61

385.11

385.47

386.73

388.48

250.002

250.000

249.998

249.999

249.999

249.999

249.999

250.000

249.999

249.999

249.999

249.999

250.001

249.999

249.999

250.000

249.999

249.998

250.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

275.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

10.357

9.628

8.867

8.096

7.303

6.536

5.704

4.933

4.099

3.246

2.523

2.025

1.733 1.384

1.114 0.831

0.836

0.684

0.564

10.289

9.676

8.675

7.046

6.130

5.137

4.099

3.094

2.022

1.038 0.475

10.772

10.180

9.197

8.268

7.255

6.218

5.149

4.114

1502.1

1396.4

1286.0

1174.3

1059.2

948.0

827.3

715.4

594.6

470.7

366.0

293.7

251.3

200.7

161.5

120.6

121.2

99.2

81.8

1492.4

1403.4

1258.2

1021.9

889.0

745.0

594.5

448.8

293.3

150.5

68.8

1562.3

1476.5

1333.9

1199.2

1052.2

901.9

746.8

596.7

34
Table 12. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.85026 CH4 + 0.14974 CO2 (continued).

w

m/s

TEMP

K

PRES

MPa

PRES

psia

390.91 300.000 3.073 445.7

393.76 300.000 2.039 295.7

396.% 300.000 1.029 149.2

398.52 300.000 0.550 79.8

411.82 325.000 10.757 1560.2

409.63 325.000 9.853 1429.0

407.71 325.000 8.817 1278.8

406.55 325.008 7.788 1129.6

406.03 325.000 6.789 984.6

406.11 325.000 5.712 828.4

406.76 325.000 4.677 678.4

407.88 325.000 3.637 527.5

409.41 325.000 2.599 376.9

411.47 325.000 1.513 219.4

413.24 325.000 0.696 101.0

430.77 350.000 10.726 1555.6

429.50 350.000 10.173 1475.5

427.84 350.000 9.340 1354.6

426.17 350.000 8.274 1200.1 425.38 350.000 7.524 1091.2

424.77 350.000 6.760 980.5

424.39 350.000 5.799 841.1

424.34 350.000 4.993 724.1

424.28 350.000 4.900 710.7

424.51 350.000 4.203 609.5

424.52 350.000 4.201 609.3

424.47 350.000 4.131 599.2

424.82 350.000 3.435 498.2

424.94 350.000 3.367 488.4

425.43 350.000 2.725 395.2

425.64 350.000 2.488 360.8

426.09 350.000 2.069 300.1

426.46 350.000 1.698 246.2

35
Table 13. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.69944 CH4 + 0.30056 CO^.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

329.92 249.999 0.627 90.9

329.44 249.999 0.691 100.3

328.81 249.999 0.778 112.8

328.41 250.000 0.819 118.8

328.10 249.999 0.867 125.7

326.60 250.000 1.053 152.7

321.88 250.000 1.668 242.0

315.51 250.000 2.480 359.7

jlU.O/ 24y.yvo 0 f\Q£i 3.U0O 447.0

308.81 250.000 3.333 483.4

305.11 250.000 3.804 551.7

302.32 250.000 4.162 603.6

296.09 250.000 4.972 721.1

290.34 250.000 5.802 841.6

285.70 249.999 6.654 965.0

282.% 249.999 7.483 1085.3

283.70 250.001 8.316 1206.1

289.25 250.000 9.086 1317.8

301.65 249.999 9.900 1435.9

312.22 249.999 10.401 1508.5

318.55 250.001 10.663 1546.6

323.06 275.003 10.401 1508.6

320.02 274.998 9.729 1411.1

317.80 274.999 8.863 1285.4

317.34 274.998 8.103 1175.2

318.04 275.000 7.291 1057.4

319.67 274.999 6.527 946.7

322.11 274.999 5.706 827.5

324.99 275.000 4.944 717.1

328.62 275.001 4.100 594.6

332.22 274.999 3.352 486.2

336.22 275.001 2.565 372.0

341.01 275.000 1.664 241.4

342.51 275.001 1.377 199.7

344.08 274.999 1.084 157.3 345.45 275.000 0.833 120.8

346.18 274.999 0.699 101.4

346.92 275.000 0.560 81.2

36
Table 13. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.69944 CH4 + 0J0056 CO, (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

346.28

344.55

343.64

343.22

343.47

344.28

345.70

347.33

349.43

351.82

354.80

356.08

357.43

358.73

359.71

360.81

361.36

300.001

300.002

299.998

299.999

300.001

299.999

299.998

299.997

299.999

300.000

299.999

300.000

299.999

300.000

299.999

299.999

300,000

10.384

9.598

8.908

8.100

7.312

6.538

5.685

4.941

4.151

3.357

2.464

2.108

1.733

1.383

1.127 0.830

0.693

1506.0

1392.1 1291.9

1174.8

1060.5

948.2

824.5

716.7

602.0

486.9

357.4

305.8

251.3

200.6

163.5 120.4

100.5

375.61

375.12

374.58

374.17

373.78

373.42

372.56

370.92

369.24

367.69

366.82

366.47

365.22

364.63

364.19

364.08

364.36

364.95

366.07

367.13

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

0.575

0.748

0.949

1.104

1.241 1.361 1.645 2.340

3.101 3.865

4.389

4.617

5.387

6.183

6.953

7.736

8.507

9.254

10.007

10.445

83.4

108.5

137.7

160.1 179.9

197.4 238.7

339.4

449.8

560.6

636.6

669.7

781.3

896.7

1008.4

1122.0

1233.8

1342.2

1451.4

1514.9

37
Table 13. Speed of sound data for the mixture

0.69944 CH4 + OJOO56CO2 (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

385.53 350.000 10.372 1504.3

384.99 350.000 9.996 1449.8

384.25 350.000 9.415 1365.6

383.26 350.000 8.541 1238.8

382.55 350.000 7.602 1102.6

382.32 350.000 6.782 983.6

382.44 350.000 5.865 850.6

382.85 350.000 4.937 716.0

383.75 350.000 3.863 560.2

384.80 350.000 2.%1 429.4

386.10 350.000 2.063 299.3

387.41 350.000 1.258 182.5

388.06 350.000 0.898 130.3 388.50 350.000 0.632 91.6

388.53 350.000 0.631 91.5

38
Table 14. Speed of sound data for mixture

0.49593 Nj + 0.50407 CO^.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

256.91 250.001 3.956 573.8

259.93 250.001 3.415 495.4

262.03 249.998 3.019 437.8

264.33 249.999 2.607 378.2

266.54 249.999 2.202 319.3

268.40 250.000 1.873 271.7

270.44 249.999 1.520 220.4

272.31 250.000 1.198 173.7

274.29 249.999 0.836 121.2

272.68 275.000 10.212 1481.1 271.26 275.000 9.363 1357.9

270.67 275.000 8.340 1209.6

271.20 275.000 7.293 1057.8

272.73 275.000 6.249 906.3

274.% 274.999 5.198 753.9

277.76 275.000 4.128 598.7

280.91 275.000 3.091 448.4

284.43 275.000 2.038 295.5

294.17 300.000 10.029 1454.6

293.69 300.000 9.685

% Af\A O 1404.6

292.91 300.000 9.053 1313.0

292.31 300.000 8.270 1 1 C\C\ c 1199.5

292.11 300.000 7.536 1093.1 292.38 300.000 6.554 950.6

293.15 300.000 5.518 800.4

294.39 300.000 4.480 649.8

296.07 300.000 3.443 499.4

298.13 300.000 2.391 346.8

300.57 300.000 1.329 192.8

311.93 325.000 10.015 1452.6

311.49 325.000 9.675 1403.3

311.46 325.000 9.674 1403.1 310.04 325.000 8.201 1189.4

310.12 325.000 8.169 1184.8

309.66 325.000 7.396 1072.7

309.46 325.000 6.633 962.1

309.47 325.000 5.870 851.3

309.64 325.000 5.115 741.9

39
Table 14. Speed of sound data for mixture

0.49593 + 0.50407 CO^ (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

309.99 325.000 4.355 631.6

310.52 325.000 3.583 519.7

310.54 325.000 3.584 519.8

311.18 325.000 2.837 411.4

312.06 325.000 2.063 299.2

312.99 325.000 1.383 200.6

313.29 325.000 1.206 174.9

313.56 325.000 1.030 149.3

313.87 325.000 0.852 123.5

314.44 325.000 0.519 75.3

328.45 350.000 10.344 1500.3

328.25 350.000 10.176 1475.9

327.31 350.000 9.607 1393.4

327.34 350.000 9.606 1393.2

326.22 350.000 8.787 1274.5

325.43 350.000 8.023 1163.7

325.31 350.000 7.890 1144.4

324.64 350.000 7.072 1025.7

324.65 350.000 7.059 1023.8

324.16 350.000 6.216 901.5

324.19 350.000 6.213 901.1

323.79 350.000 5.279 765.6

323.84 350.000 4.558 661.2

323.81 350.000 4.095 594.0

323.94 350.000 3.364 488.0

324.31 350.000 2.608 378.2

324.87 350.000 1.752 254.1

40
Table 15. Speed of sound data for Gulf Coast

mixture.

m/s

TEMP

K

PRES

MPa

PRES

psia

387.91 250.000 10.708 1553.1 387.86 250.000 10.700 1551.9

384.19 250 000 10.409 1509.7

380.41 250 000 10.065 1459.8

375 87 250 000 9 571 1388.2

370 18 250 000 8 672 1257.8

m.ei 250.000 7.853 1139.0

367.2A 250.000 6.923 1004.1 367 43 250 000 6.802 986.5

369 27 250 000 5.912 857.5

371.79 250 000 5.195 753.4

375.64 250 000 4.366 633.3

378.84 250 000 3.763 545.8

383 •JKJtJ • 80\J\J 250.000 2.920 423.5

389.44 250.000 2.036 295.4

394.19 250 000 1.317 191.0

399.23 250 000 0.591 85.7

406 91 275 000 10.325 1497.5

404.02 275 000 9.715 1409.0

404 03 275 000 9.714 1409.0

401.33 275.000 8.935 1296.0

399.69 275.000 8.165 1184.2

399.00 275.000 7.369 1068.8

399.19 275.000 6.521 945.8

400.41 275.000 5.623 815.6

402.12 275.000 4.824 699.6

404.36 275.000 4.047 586.9

407.26 275.000 3.213 466.1

411.32 275.000 2.197 318.7

415.73 275.000 1.209 175.3

419 16 275 000 0.500 72,5

431.53 300.000 10.309 1495.2

429.40 300.000 9.652 1399.8

427.66 300.000 8.972 1301.2

426.29 300.000 8.233 1194.1 425.53 300.000 7.567 1097.5

425.19 300.025 6.842 992.4

425.25 300.004 6.053 877.9

425.94 300.003 5.150 746.9

41
Table 15. Speed of sound data for Gulf Coast

mixture (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

427.04 300.000 4.322 626.8

428.72 300.004 3.433 497.9

430.59 300.000 2.631 381.5

432.98 300.000 1.780 258.2

435.83 300.000 0.856 124.1 437.14 300.000 0.468 67.9

454.25 325.000 10.382 1505.8

452.89 325.000 9.986 1448.4

452.00 325.000 9.655 1400.4

450.31 325.000 8.%9 1300.9

448.99 325.000 8.224 1192.8

448.18 325.000 7.575 1098.7

447.51 325.001 6.904 1001.3

AAl 99 O.Zl J 447.08 325.000 5.535 802.8

447.34 325.000 4.839 701.9

447.37 325.000 4.838 701.7

447.85 325.000 4.103 595.2

448.48 325.000 3.453 500.8

449.22 325.000 2.759 400.1

450.42 325.000 2.065 299.6

451.54 325.000 1.469 213.1

451.79 325.000 1.360 197.2

452.11 325.000 1.201 174.3

453.46 325.000 0.554 80.4

453.53 325.000 0.542 78.6

474.04 350.000 10.395 1507.6

473.09 350.000 10.051 1457.8

471.82 350.000 9.559 1386.4

471.11 350.000 9.246 1341.0

469.54 350.000 8.481 1230.1

468.29 350.000 7.721 1119.8

468.07 350.000 7.544 1094.2

467.14 350.000 6.741 977.7

466.52 350.000 5.914 857.7

466.13 350.000 5.104 740.2

466.04 350.000 4.336 628.9

466.21 350.000 3.509 508.9

42
Table 15. Speed of sound data for Gulf Coast

mixture (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

466.65 350.000 2.692 390.4

467.33 350.000 1.875 271.9

468.16 350.000 1.101 159.7 468.36 350.000 0.959 139.0

468.56 350.000 0.820 118.9

468.79 350.000 0.633 91.8

43
Table 16. Speed of sound data for Amarillo

mixture.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

381.37 250.000 10.875 1577.2

368.83 250.000 9.889 1434.2

361.41 250.000 9.024 1308.8

356.65 250.000 7.988 1158.5

355.87 250.000 6.933 1005.6

358.11 250.000 5.878 852.5

362.43 250.000 4.806 697.1

367.92 250.000 3.784 548.8

374.33 250.000 2.750 398.8

381.31 250.000 1.713 248.5

388.72 250.000 0.667 96.8

396.65 275.009 10.474 1519.1

392.67 275.000 9.699 1406.7

388.98 275.019 8.559 1241.4

387.62 275.000 7.606 1103.2

387.71 275.000 6.563 952.0

389.24 275.000 5.517 800.1

395.47 275.000 3.415 495.3

399.66 275.000 2.405 348.9

404.43 275.000 1.366 198.1 407.95 274.998 0.650 94.3

551.16 298.00 , 23.390 3392.4

519.41 298.00 21.030 3050.1

468.08 298.00 16.869 2446.6

431.20 298.00 12.806 1857.4

415.23 298.00 9.531 1382.4

411.40 298.00 6.888 999.0

420.09 300.000 10.433 1513.2

417.49 300.000 9.653 1400.0

414.82 300.000 8.524 1236.3

413.31 300.000 7.204 1044.8

413.36 300.003 6.191 897.9

414.17 300.003 5.174 750.4

415.84 300.001 4.095 593.9

418.31 300.000 2.992 433.9

421.06 300.000 2.000 290.1

424.29 300.000 0.986 143.0

425.77 300.000 0.557 80.8

44
Table 16. Speed of sound data for Amarillo

mixture (continued).

m/s

1 tjM.r

K MPa psia

441.73 325.000 0.686 99.5

441.29 325.000 0.893 129.6

440.96 325.000 1.036 150.3 440.65 325.000 1.190 172.6

440.24 325.000 1.366 198.1 440.00 325.000 1.464 212.3

439.53 325.000 1.654 239.9

438 20 325.000 2.411 349.7

437.08 325.00<J 3.113 451.5

436.15 325.000 3.799 551.1

435.96 325.000 4.136 599.8

435.80 325.000 4.149 601.7

435.94 325.000 4.149 601.8

435.35 324.999 4.805 696.8

435.25 325.000 5.197 753.8

435.16 325.000 5.201 754.3

435.22 325.000 5.543 803.9

435.09 f\r\r\ 325.000 6.234 904.1

435.41 325.000 6.905 1001.4

435.99 325.000 7.590 1100.8

436.93 325.000 8.254 1197.1 438.12 325.000 8.975 1301.6

439.74 325.000 9.653 1400.1 440.74 325.000 10.002 1450.7

442.06 325.002 10.426 1512.2

462.27 350.000 10.642 1543.5

459.49 350.000 9.597 1391.9

456.82 350.000 8.331 1208.4

455.40 350.000 7.337 1064.2

454.28 350.000 6.185 897.1

453.90 350.000 5.343 775.0

453.84 350.000 5.185 752.0

453.85 350.000 4.116 597.0

454.13 350.000 3.435 498.2

454.30 350.000 3.100 449.6

455.17 350.000 2.052 297.6

455.16 350.000 2.052 297.6

455.97 350.000 1.338 194.1 456.11 350.000 1.212 175.9

45
Table 16. Speed of sound data for Amarillo

mixture (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

456.16 350.000 1.190 172.5

456.25 350.000 1.155 167.5

456.42 350.000 1.001 145.1 456.57 350.000 0.856 124.1 456.58 350.000 0.856 124.1

46
Table 17. Speed of sound data for the

Statoil dry gas mixture.

W,,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

365.54 249.999 10.337 1499.3

358.57 249.999 10.020 1453.3

352.92 249.999 9.740 1412.7

352.75 250.000 9.737 1412.3

340.94 249.999 9.043 1311.5

333.62 250.001 8.337 1209.3

330.15 250.000 7.630 1106.6

329.89 250.000 7.016 1017.6

331.76 249.999 6.200 899.2

335.47 250.000 5.531 802.2

339.81 250.000 4.846 702.9

345.05 249.999 4.152 602.2

350.65 250.000 3.477 504.3

356.77 250.000 2.756 399.8

362.76 250.000 2.086 302.5

369.42 250.000 1.325 192.2

370.23 249.999 1.237 179.3 371.35 250.000 1.109 160.8

372.47 250.000 0.976 141.5 374.09 250.001 0.799 115.8

375.14 275.000 10.419 1511.2

368.69 275.000 9.413 1365.3

364.99 275.000 8.300 1203.9

364.49 275.000 7.260 1052.9

365.93 275.000 6.240 905.1

369.37 275.000 5.155 747.7

373.94 275.000 4.112 596.4

i lyAi 443.

a

385.81 275.000 1.963 284.7

392.19 275.000 0.953 138.2

394.95 275.000 0.520 75.4

398.02 299.999 10.385 1506.3

397.68 300.000 10.297 1493.4

394.17 300.000 9.209 1335.6

393.71 300.000 8.973 1301.4

392.40 300.000 8.121 1177.9

392.10 300.000 7.321 1061.8

392.51 299.999 6.486 940.6

393.68 300.000 5.699 826.6

47
Table 17. Speed of sound data for the

Statoil dry gas mixture (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

395.51

397.77

400.59

403.66

403.65

406.42

406.39

406.84

407.43

408.07

408.70

409.28

409.86

410.39

411.12

411.75

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.001

299.999

299.999

300.000

300.000

300.000

300.000

4.841

4.023

3.194

2.371

2.398

1.738

1.748

1.653 1.502

1.357

1.211 1.080

0.955

0.834

0.675

0.526

702.2

583.5

463.2

343.9

347.8

252.0

253.5

239.8

217.8

196.9

175.6

156.6

138.5 120.9

97.9

76.3

427.57

427.03

427.00

426.48

426.34

426.00

425.50

424.85

424.32

421.62

419.73

418.33

416.84

415.87

415.43

415.20

414.77

414.88

415.31

416.24

417.42

420.13

420.28

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

325.000

0.466

0.631

0.634

0.792

0.832

0.935

1.093 1.295

1.441 2.352

3.104

3.791 4.542

5.239

5.725

5.923

6.625

7.306

8.025

8.721

9.426

10.399

10.402

67.6

91.5

91.9

114.8 120.6

135.7

158.5 187.8

209.0

341.1

450.3

549.9

658.8

759.9

830.3

859.0

960.9

1059.6

1163.9

1264.9

1367.1

1508.3

1508.7

48
Table 17. Speed of sound data for the

Statoil dry gas mixture (continued).

W,,p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

440.17 350.000 10.412 1510.1 439.19 350.000 10.028 1454.4

437.10 350.000 8.%9 1300.8

435.62 - 350.000 7.902 1146.1 434.89 350.000 6.885 998.6

434.74 350.000 5.864 850.4

434.79 350.000 5.665 821.6

434.89 350.000 5.589 810.6

435.18 350.000 4.823 699.5

436.13 350.000 3.783 548.7

437.56 350.000 2.753 399.3

439.35 350.000 1.715 248.8

440.36 350.000 1.241 180.0

49
Table 18. Speed of sound data for the Statoil

Statvordgass mixture.

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

340.98 300.000 10.379 1505.3

340.94 300.001 10.369 1503.9

336.19 300.000 9.662 1401.4

332.90 300.000 8.893 1289.8

331.49 300.000 8.201 1189.4

331.44 300.000 7.462 1082.2

332.72 300.000 6.704 972.4

335.14 300.000 5.940 861.5

338.38 300.000 5.196 753.6

342.80 300.000 4.369 633.6

347.60 300.000 3.576 518.6

352.73 300.000 2.803 406.6

359.32 300.000 1.863 270.2

360.09 325.000 9.895 1435.2

358.24 325.000 9.207 1335.3

357.89 325.000 9.047 1312.2

356.97 325.000 8.281 1201.1

357.10 325.000 7.291 1057.4

358.12 325.000 6.496 942.2

359.94 325.000 5.710 828.2

362.66 325.000 4.837 701.6

365.89 325.000 3.999 580.1

369.72 325.000 3.132 454.2

374.08 325.000 2.246 325.8

378.67 325 000 1.380 200.2

381.90 325.000 0.799 115.8

384.01 325.000 0.421 61.1

382.53 350.000 10.436 1513.7

381.64 350.000 10.110 1466.4

381.64 350.000 10.111 1466.4

379.81 350.000 9.217 1336.9

378.86 350.000 8.336 1209.0

378.69 350.000 7.922 1149.0

378.68 350.000 7.497 1087.3

379.11 350.000 6.711 973.4

379.86 350.000 , 6.054 878.1

381.03 350.000 5.335 773.8

382.84 350.000 4.535 657.8

384.94 350.000 3.767 546.3

50
Table 18. Speed of sound data for the Statoil

Statvordgass mixture (continued).

W„p TEMP PRES PRES

m/s K MPa psia

387.41 350.000 2.993 434.0

390.55 350.000 2.120 307.4

394.04 350.000 1.232 178.7 395.40 350.000 0.901 130.7 396.46 350.000 0.641 92.9

51
Table 19

Coefficients for NGAS, Equation (3).

Nl = 0.402 802 616 852 552 3 N2 = 1.330 664 037 447 985

N3 = -0.421 496 580 014 783

N4 = 5.103 260 154 147 587

N5 = -2.129 821 889 124 908

N6 = 3.564 066 437 091 546

N7 = 0.009 443 037 461 497 888

N8 = 0.025 420 666 751 205 73

N9 = -8.750 142 463 225 309

NIO = -0.001 743 056 843 897 025

Nil = -0.005 437 139 298 301 518

N12 = -0.055 033 896 057 606 47

N13 = 0.003 230 999 234 097 726

N14 = 0.028 416 721 702 783 82

N15 = -0.031 141 966 393 105 62

N16 = -1.653 616 778 945 739

N17 = -0.839 778 394 352 348 2

N18 - -2.974 276 333 189 398

N19 — 8.677 270 045 092 660

N20 -2.240 332 292 886 185

N21 -2.052 230 326 096 707

N22 -0.013 318 230 108 264 99

N23 0.545 603 758 634 985

N24 0.522 791 316 318 536 9

N25 0.013 649 770 526 603 93

N26 -0.125 968 548 596 810 4

N27 0.054 487 059 711 882 84

N28 -0.003 685 997 072 874 476

N29 -0.028 400 005 339 353 36

N30 0.024 763 720 856 701 82

Component Crit Temp Crit Dens Mol Wt

1 = nitrogen 126.26 0.416 8 28.013 4

2 = carbon dioxide 304.212 0.455 23 44.01

3 = methane 190.555 0.098 629 16.043

4 = ethane 305.334 0.145 45 30.07

5 = propane 369.85 0.584 8 44.097

6 = normal butane 425.16 0.634 22 58.123

7 = isobutane 407.85 0.637 48 58.123

8 = normal pentane 469.7 0.63 72.15

9 = isopentane 460.4 0.63 72.15

10 = normal hexane 507.3 0.68 86.177

11 = normal neptane 538.4 0.7 100.204

12 = octane 567.5 0.7 114.231

13 = normal nonane 594.54 0.77 128.285

14 = normal decane 615.5 0.8 142.285

52
Values of Gk:

l^nmnnnpnf G4

1X -0 137 968 n?S 4 6 480 1 0"^ ^6"^ -11 1 89 1 117 91 i.o/1 11/ Zl 2 1 746 9'^7 rt 4'^7 /I/I/I <;S7 6 A 97S AQ1 -o.z/j oyi

'XJ 1 0 1 n l.U 1 n

4 0 99*) 464 878 Q 0 QQ8 410 495 '\ 1 119 4'^9 "^0 1. i IZ HjZ yy

1 444 1 50 683 9 44^ 9^0 10 9 815 670 069

\J 9 9^9 940 94'I 9 'vd.l 607 894 8 111 749 81

A

-O.JJ 1 /HZ OlO

7 1.929 806 053 1.750 437 195 0.368 657 474 7

8 2.145 918 50 3.775 088 823 -3.658 214 800

9 1.889 485 197 1.324 890 237 0.147 434 342 1 10 2.(M2 454 505 2.535 866 056 3.265 853 765

11 2.301 477 499 1.660 952 157 -0.859 520 051 5 12 2.361 724 346 1.842 959 663 -0.601 284 957 9

13 2.507 809 % 1.579 803 181 -0.838 160 165 2

14 2.611 495 198 2.471 380 059 -1.157 843 638

Component G6 G7 G8

1 -5.214 016 927 -55.258 917 45 -24.103 518 73

2 -8.398 770 437 -21.656 427 66 -0.749 299 015 6

3 1.0 1.0 1.0 4 1.492 840 378 5.777 994 243 0.940 203 752 0

5 -3.374 892 231 -8.420 869 082 0.704 187 325 2 6 -17.778 943 53 45.678 470 97 0.836 955 587 5 7 0.850 533 049 1 1.168 709 277 ^.044 894 166

8 -3.227 381 796 29.533 373 76 -18.665 857 85

9 -0.422 901 659 1 -15.254 980 97 1.095 166 830

10 -4.798 074 499 -11.055 176 74 6.640 963 739

11 -0.392 209 174 1 -0.384 657 523 8 -0.677 523 957 1 12 0.808 767 609 5 14.227 964 25 -6.860 930 093

13 0.706 119 756 8 7.888 704 149 -3.737 466 433

14 0.132 269 481 7 -1.002 974 962 -2.279 161 978

Component G9 GIO GU

1 19.956 846 43 -1602.900 815 957.611 275 9

2 0.260 185 607 6 52.022 136 397 12.681 015 96

3 1.0 1.0 1.0 4 -0.299 588 602 6 -82.221 595 66 -4.544 856 988

5 0.887 344 687 8 -0.245 723 414 5 5.463 328 055

6 -12.320 901 54 1829.107 816 -174.362 987 9

7 6.015 133 981 -868.647 739 9 655.023 323 6

8 19.738 469 26 -2616.867 323 2767.027 867

9 1.181 912 388 -111.583 511 5 118.902 562 9

10 -0.663 735 712 7 -66.819 069 52 103.669 204 0

11 1.371 781 956 -128.668 298 6 120.707 850 3 12 4.627 715 335 -942.094 744 4 429.349 425 9

13 2.959 502 580 -517.916 625 5 268.311 302 7 14 -4.102 453 851 -187.913 734 2 63.292 692 08

53
Values of interaction parameters, u,j: All Uy = Uji, and all Uy not specified are 1.0.

Ui 2 = 0.5 Ui 3 = 0.559 847 933 Ui 4 = 0.805 299 176

Uj'a = 0.852 645 207 8 u^^^ = 0.991 4 Uj's = 0.995 7

(uij , j = 4 to 14)

0.775 434 442 977 0.597 093 668 50 1.049 730 857

1.075 883 14 1.182 9545 69 0.646 902 552 6

0.667 278 229 4 0.647 5447 996 0.657 629 840 4

0.658 869 170 9 0.646 7821 411

U4 5 = 0.322 671 221 U4 ^ = -0.354 556

Values of interaction parameters, Vy: All Vij = Vji, and all Vy not specified are 1.0.

Vi 2 = 0.5 Vi 3 = 0.878 785 412 Vj 4 = 1.086 425 59

V2'3 = 0.756 436 767 2

'

(V3j , j = 4 to 14)

1.020 561 377 7 0.608 362 646 2 0.765 777 222 5 0.769 880 679 1 0.787 958 978 3 0.840 454 662 8

0.852 892 451 2 0.868 651 146 0 0.903 663 781

0.895 462 954 0 0.928 291 547 20

V4 5 = 0.816 674 999 \^^= 0.850 877 0

Values of interaction parameters, w,j: All ^ij ~ Wji' ^ij '^ot specified are 1.0.

(wj j , j = 3 to 14)

2.176 228 546 0.780 643 916 7 0.941 6

0.929 7 0.927 4 0.916 1 0.915 5 0.898 1 0.880 6

0.865 6 0.849 9 0.833 5

j = 3 to 14)

0.864 789 644 4 0.919 9 0.894 4

0.851 7 0.845 4 0.813 1 0.8115 0.762 0.712 4

0.669 8 0.625 2 0.578 6

j = 4 to 14)

0.997 137 756 393 0.921 957 626 6 0.916 822 318 6

0.867 979 518 10 0.903 797 490 3 0.854 582 195 7 0.867 365 612 4 0.847 498 050 9 0.843 680 648 6

0.844 752 460 8 0.834 925 903 7

: 0.553 542 574 W4 6 = 0374 035 5

54
OOOOOAGA 8 ^^^^^ NGAS

3.0 n

0.0

-3.0

o

f95 K

1 I I

I I 1 I

I I I I I

I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

1.5 n

0.0

200 K

1 .5 —I I I I

I

\ I I—

I

\—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

r

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

0.6 -1

0.0 H (5 ^ " " 210 K

-0.6

® 6o * ^ o o

^0

1 I I

I I I I I

I I I

I

I I I

I I I 1I

I I I

I

I I I I 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

0.6 n

0.0

223 K

-0. 6 —

I—1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—1—I—I—I—I—I—1—

I

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

0.6 n

0.0 - ^

-0.6

X-O O

o

248 K

O

X1—I—I—

I—I—I—1—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I

\—I—I—

I—

I

0 4 8 12 16 20

Pressure, MPa

24 28

Figure la. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the pure methane data of Sivaraman and

Gammon [8].

55
CXXXX)AGA 8 xxxxx NGAS

0.2

0.0

-0.2

0.2

0.0

-0.2

0.2

X-o

o o

X-O 5 ®

9 9

273 /r

'

I I

I '

I I I 0 4 8 12

I

I

I I I

I I 16 20

I

I

I I I

I 24 28

-X- O

X-O o o

® o

29S iir

T I I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I II 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

0.0 H

-0.2

0.2

0.0

-0.2

0.2

0.0

-0.2

o o o o o ^ ^

o

323 K

1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—1—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

O

o

-X- * O o 8 9

^

348 K

1 I 1

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I II I I I

I I I II I I

I 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

O

o o o 5 ®

9 9

373 K

1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I

\—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

Pressure, MPa

Figure lb. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the pure methane data of Sivaraman and

Gammon [8].

56
OOOOOAGA 8 ^^^^^ NGAS

0.2 n

0.0 -

-0.2

o

o

398 K

O o 6 ® ®

I I I

I 0 4

"1

I

I I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—r—1—

I

8 12 16 20 24 28

0.2 n

0.0

-0.2

O

-)(- o o o 6

423 K

6

1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28

Pressure, MPa

Figure 1c. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the pure methane data of Sivaraman and

Gammon [8].

OOOOOAGA 8

^^-x-^^ NGAS

0.2 -1

-0.2

0.0 o o o o

* * ^ * ^ ^ ^ o o oo o o o 298.15 K

n—I—I

\—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I

\—I—I—I—

I—I—I

\—II I I

I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 2. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the NIST experimental

values for pure methane.

57
CO

O

480^

460

440 -\

420

400-

380-

360-

340

250 K

0

"1

I 1

I

I r 2I

I

I I '

I 6 8

"I—I

I—I—

10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 3. Experimental speed of sound for the

binary mixture methane 0.95 — ethane 0.05.

460^

300 -] I I I

I I I I I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 4. Experimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.85 - ethane 0.15.

58
430

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 5. Expeirimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.69 — ethane 0.31.

400-i

240 —

j—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—1—I—

I—I—I—1—

I—1—I—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 6. Expeirimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.50 — ethane 0.50.

59
Pressure, MPa

Figure 7. ExpeTrimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.35 — ethane 0.65.

p.

Co

O

Co

440z\

420 -_ 400-

380

360-\

340

320 ^ 300 1 I I I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I I

I I I

I

I I 1

I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 8. Experimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.90 - propane 0.10.

60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 9. Experimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.95 — nitrogen 0.05.

480

460-

440-_

420-

400

380

360^

340

250 K

"I I 1

I

I \ I — 0 2 4

1

I 1

I I

I 6 8

T I \

I I r 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 10. Experimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.85 - nitrogen 0.15.

61
340 —

j

\—I—1—

I—1—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I

I

I I I

I I I II 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 11. Expeirimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.71 — nitrogen 0.29.

o

480

460-\

440

420^

400

380-

360-

340 1—I—

0

350 K

325 K

300 K

275 K

250 K

~1—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I

\—I

\—I

\—\—I—I—

I—I—I—I

I 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure^ MPa

Figure 12. Experimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.95 - carbon dioxide 0.05.

62
o

440

420

400

380-\

360

340-

320-

300 1 [ I

I

I \ I

I

I I I

I I I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 13. Experimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.85 — carbon dioxide 0. 15.

CO

o

Co

400

380-

360-

340

320-

300-_

280-

260 1\ I

I 1 I I I

I I \

I 1 I I

I I I II r 0 2 4 6 8 10

Pressure, MPa

12

Figure 14. Experimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture methane 0.70 - carbon dioxide 0.30.

63
O

340

320-

300-

280

260

240 -\

220

250 K

1—I1—

I—I—I I I

I I I II I I

I I I I I

I 0 2 4 6 8 10

Pressure, MPa

12

Figure 15. Exjpeirimental speed of sound for the binary

mixture nitrogen 0.50 — carbon dioxide 0.50.

i

O

00

480^

460

440

420-

400-

380

360-{

340 I I I

I

I

\—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

0 2,4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 16. Experimental speed of sound for the

Gulf Coast mixture.

64
o

Co

460-

420

380

340 \ 1 1

I

I I 1

I

! 1 I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I 1 I

I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressurey MPa

Figure 17. Experimental speed of sound for the

Amarillo mixture.

CD

CD Co

O

580

530 -_

480-_

430

380

ooooo 300 K ***** 298 K

* * * * c?

I I I

I

I I I I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I—I—I I I I

I 0 4 8 12 16 20 24

Pressure, MPa

Figure 18. Experimental speed of sound for the

Amarillo mixture. Comparing the 300 K run to

the high pressure isotherm at 298 K.

65
03

Co

o

Co

460

440-

420 -_ 400-

380

360

340

320 -\

300

0

250 K

"1 r I

I I I II 6 8I

I

I '

I

I 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 19. Ex'perimental speed of sound for the

Statoil diry gas mixture.

410-1

310 -]—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 20. Experimental speed of sound for the

Statoil Statvordgass mixture.

66
OOCXX>AGA 8

-)f^-x-x-# NGAS

0.1

0.0

-0.1

0.1

0.0

-0.1

0.1

•X- ^ ^ * o o o o

250 K

o o

o° o o o

"1

I I

I

I I I

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

-X-

¥r ^ )(• ^

- oo

-X- -x- O <§) o o o o o o o

275 K

o o

T I I

I

I I I

I

1 I I

I

I I 1

I

I 1 I

I

I I I

I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.0 A

^

-0.1

0.1

X-

•X- -X- -X- -X- O §

o o o o o

300 K

o o o o

1 I I

I

I I I

I I I I I

I I I

I 1 I II

I I I I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

-0.1

0.1

0.0

-0.1

^"^^xt^-x-'^'^ -x-

•X- * ¥: O'O d

^

° o O

o o o o o

o

o

-X- -xO O

325 K

0

1 "^OOID

I II I I

I 4 6

X X X X

y

I

I I I

I '

I I

I 8 10 12

* ^ ^ * 350 K

o o o o

o o

o ^

o °

T—I—1—

I—I—1—I

\—I—I—1—

I—I

\—1

I

I I I rn \ I I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 21. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the binary mixture, methane 0.95 — ethane 0.05.

67
OOOOOAGA 8

^^^¥r NGAS

0.6 n

0.0 -

-0.6

0.2

6 ^

o

o

-X- O

if 9

6

o

250 K

0

I I

I 2

I

I I 6

0.0 -

-0.2

60 o o o O 6

I

I I 8

-)f o o

fo /2

275 K

o o o

0

I I

I 4

I

I I I

I

I ' 6 8

I

I I I

I 10 12

0.2 n

0.0 6 o o o o O o

300 K

o o o 00

0.2 —

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

0 2 4

0.2

1—

I—I—I—I—

I

\—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

6 8 10 12

0.0 -

-0.2

-X- ^ ^ O O

Mr * "Xr Mr O O o

325 K

o o o 00

"I—I—

0

T—

I—I—1—I—I—I—I—I—I—

4 6 8

I

I I '

I 10 12

0.2

0.0

0.2

M M

'o o o

350 K

O o ® © o 00

1 I I

I

I I I I—I—I—I—

I—I

\—1—

I—1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 22. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values for

the binary mixture, methane 0.85 — ethane 0.15.

68
OCXDOOAGA 8

-K-^-x-x-^ NGAS

0

-5

Q o o oo

-X-

-x- 250 K

T I I

I

I I I

I I I II

I I I II I I

I

I I I

I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.5 n CP

o

9 275 K

0,0 ^ «)666 6 <5) 2 9 ^

-0.5 1 I I

I r 0 2

~\ I I I

I

I I I

I T I II

I I I I 4 6 8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0

^ * * o O o o o ®

300 K

® ®

-0.2

0

0.2 n

0.0 -

O Q O OO

"1—I—

I—I

\—I—

I—

r

2 4

I

I I I I

I I I

I 8 10 12

-0.2

)(- -x- o o o S

325 K

o 6 ® ®

® ® o o

0

"1 I I I

I I I

I

I I I II I I

I

I 1 T**"! r 8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0 -

-0.2

* o o 5

350 K

6 ^

® 6 o

1 I I I

I I I

I

I r 0 2 4

XL

I

I 1I

I

I I I I 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 23. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by ACA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values for

the binary mixture, methane 0.69 — ethane 0.3 i.

69
0.4

0,0 H

-0.4

0

4.0 n

oo oo

o

GD

250 K

1—I—

I

\—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

1—1—I

\—

I—1—I—I—I—I—I—I—

2 4 6 8 10 12

cP°

0.0 H ODOOOO o o o oO° 2^^^

4.0

0

0.4 -^

0.0 - O

"-|—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I

\—I

\—

r~ 2 4 6 8

I

^ ^ ^

I 10 12

0.4

0.4

0.0

-0.4

0.4

'0^ooooo o

"1—I—

6>

P 300 K

0

1 II I 1

I IT r| I I II

I I r 8 10 12

o o

325 K

o o o ° ° o o O Oo

T I 1

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

i I I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.0 -

-0.4

: c^oo o

350 K

o o o o O o o o

0

"I

I

I I I

I

I I I r 4 6 8

Pressure, MPa

1

I

^

I

I

I I I

I 10 12

Figure 24. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.50 — ethane 0.50.

Note: This composition is outside the range of

AGA 8 and NGAS.

70
0,4

0.0 H

-0.4

0.2

CP'

0

.c9

250 K

1 I I

I

1—I—1—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—1—I—1—1—I—

I—I—1—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

-0.2

O

0.0 - o^oo oQ

275 K

0

~\ I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I r 2 4 6 8

0.2 n

0.0 -

2 -0.2

I

I I I I 10 12

300 K

CPOo o o o o 0,9

0

0.3 n

I

I I 4

I

I I 8

I

I

>

I I 10 12

-0.3

0.4

0.0

-0.4

0.0 ^

QDGD o O o o o O o

T—I—1—

I—I—1—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—

r

0 2 4 6

o o

I

I

I I 8

o

o

325 K

P

I

I I I I 10 12

° ° ° CO o o

350 K

O o o 1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 25. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.35 — ethane 0.65.

NOTE: This composition is outside the range of

ACA 8 and NGAS.

71
OOOOOAGA 8

^-x-^** NGAS

3.0

q

0.0 H ® ®®® ®®

-3.0

0.3

O

o oo

250 K

T—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—

0 2 4

O

o

I

I

I

I I I

I 8 10 12

0.0 ^ 9 9 Q

-0.3

0.2

® 9 o

^ * * 275 K

1—I—I—

1—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—r —I—I—

I—I—I—I—

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.0 -

-0.2

® 6 5 o o o o

o

300 K

0

0.2 -1

1—I—I—

I—

2

I

I

I I 4

"1—

8

i

I ' 10 12

0.0 -

-0.2

0.2

325 K

®® oooo@Oooo

0

"1 I I

I I I

I

I I 1

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I 1 r 8 10 12

0.0 H

-0.2

6 o

* 350 K

O o o O Q)

0

I I I

I 2

~\ I I 1

I

I I I

I

I r 4 6 8

Pressure, MPa

I

I I I

I 10 12

Figure 26. Deviations of speed of sound computed by

AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.90 — propane 0.10.

NOTE: This composition is outside the range of

AGA 8 and NGAS.

72
OOOOOAGA 8

-x-^^-x-^ NGAS

0.2 n

0.0

-0.2

0

0.2 n

0.0

-0.2

®® 9 ® o o o

250 K

O o o oo

"1—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—

r

2 4 6

\

I I I

I

I I I

I 8 10 12

® ® ® ®

275 K

o 6 6 o

o

~i—I—

r

0

~] I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I I

I I I

I

I I I

I 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.2

0.0 ® ® Q 9 Q

300 K

-0.2 —\—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

r

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.2 -1

-0.2

0.2

325 K

® " Q o Co

0

"I I I

I

I I I

I r 2 4

~\—'—I—I—

I—I—I

I

I 8 10 12

0.0 A

-0.2

350 K

T

1 1

1

1 1 1

1

1 1 1

1

1 1 1

1

1 1 1

1

1 1 I I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 27. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by ACA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values for

the binary mixture, methane 0.95 — nitrogen 0.05.

73
0.2 n

0.0

250 K

(55) o o o o o o o o o O Oo

-o.z

0

0.2 n

I

I

I I I

I 2 4I

I I 6

I

I I I I

I 8 10 12

0.0 -

-0.2

(5© O

275 K

o o o o o o o o o o o o

"1

I I

I

I I II I I I

I

I

0 2 4 6

I

I I I

I

I I I

I 8 10 12

0.2

0.0

-0.2

0.2

0.0

-0.2

o o o o o o o o o ^

0

1

I I I

I 2 4I

I I I I 6 8

-I I I I

I

10 12

Ctoo OOOO OOOoOqo325 K

0

0.2 n

0.0

0.2

"1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I

\—

I—I—I—I—

2 4 6 8 10 12

6>C§to O © O o o n ^ ^

° ° o o o

T I I

I

I I I \

1 I I II I I II I

1

1

1 1 1

1 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 28. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by ACA 8 from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.85 - nitrogen 0.15.

NOTE: This composition is outside the range of NGAS.

74
0.2

0.0 - o

250 K

O o° o o o

o ©

'0.2 —I I I 1

I

I I I

I

I I I

I I—1—I—

I—I—I

\—

I—I—I—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.3 -1

0.0

-0.3

OO O 0(Q)oO o oo o o

o o

o

275 K

1 1 I

I

I I I I

I I I II I 1

I

I I I

I

I I I I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0

-0.2

0.2

o O o O o o O o O300

T I I II I I

I

1 I I

I r 0 2 4 6

"1

I

I \ I

I

I \ I

I 8 10 12

0.0 -

-0.2

325 K

O o

0

"1 I \ I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I 6 8 10 12

0.2

0.0 -

-0.2

o o oo o o o o

350 K

o

0

~l—I—I—I—

I—I—I—1—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I

2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 29. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by A OA 8 from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.71 — nitrogen 0.29.

NOTE: This composition is outside the range of NCAS.

75
OOOOOAGA 8

x-x-x-x-x- NGAS

0.3 n

0.0

-0.3

* 250 K

m9 2 9 <^ ® & o o o o o o

T—1—I—

I—1—I—1—I—I—

0 2 4

0.2 n

0.0 -

8

I

'

I I

I 10 12

: ©9 909 ©6 000 275 K

O O

-0.2

0

0.2 -I

I II I I 1 2 4I

I

I 6

0.0 -

-0.2

0.2

0.0

8

I

I >I I 10 12

300 K

:®Q9q®®6ooooo

"1—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

T—I—I—I—

0 8

I

' ' '

I 10 12

^ ^ 325 K

© © ® ® S ® ^*^Oo o 00

-0.2

0

0.2 -1

0.0 H

-0.2

I II 2

®® ®

"1—I—I—1—

I—I—I—I—I—

4 6 8

* * 6 6 6

10 12

^ 350 K

o 00

1—I—1—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 30. Deviations of speed of sound connputed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the binary mixture, methane 0.95 — carbon dioxide 0.05.

76
0.3

-0.3

0.0 - (^coo o o o o o o o

o

o

250 K

o

0

"1 I I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I

\—\—I—I—

I

4 8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0 -

0.2

0.2

0.0

o O o o o

275 K

o o o o o o

0

~\ I I I I

I 1 I

I I I I I

I I I I

I I I

I 8

IOoOoOqOoOo

10 12

300 K

o o

'0.2 ~\ I 1 I

I I I I I

I I I II I I

I

I I I I

I I r 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0 - OOOooOOOOqO

325 K

-0.2 —

I—I—1—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—1—I

\—I—I—1—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—

r

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.2 -1

0.0 350 K

oooo § % o OqO ooo

0.2 -\—1—I—I

\—\—I—I—

I—1—I—1—I—I—I—1—I—I—I—1—I—I—I—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 31. Deviations of speed of sound computed by

AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, methane 0.85 — carbon dioxide 0.15.

NOTE: This composition is outside the range of NGAS.

77
1.0

q

0.0 -

-1.0

0

0.2 n

0.0

-0.2

O O CDOO O O o

° °

o

250 K

O

o

1

>

I I

I 2 4I

'

I I

I

I I 6 8

I

I I I

I 10 12

o o

o o o ^

^^I^DCb O O ^ ° O

o

"1—I—1—

I—I—I—I—

T" 0 2 4

"1—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—1—1—I—I—I—I—

6 8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0 - 300 K

®toooo OOOOOOOq o

-0.2

0

0.2 -1

o "1—I—

-0.2

0.2

"1—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

O'O ^ (s^O ooOoo^OOOOOq 325 K

8

1—

I—I—I—

10 12

1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—1—I—I—I—I—I—1—1—I—

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.0 - Qoo

-0.2

o O o o o o o o o

350 K

0

"1—I—

I—1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—r~ 2 4 6

1—

I—I—1—I—

I—I—I—I—

8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 32. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 from the experimental values for the binary

mixture, methane 0.70 — carbon dioxide 0.30.

NOTE: This composition is outside the range of NGAS.

78
1.0

0.0 H

ooo

ooo

oo

o

250 K

-1.0

0

1.0

q

0.0 -

-1.0

0

0.5 -1

~\ I I I

I

I I I

I 1 I I

I

I I I

I

I I I I 2 4 6 8 10 12

OO o O o

^

o

o o o o o

o o

275 K

"1 I I

I

I I I

I

I I I II I I r~ 2 4 6 8

I

I I I I 10 12

0.0 - O

o o o o o o o o oo

300 K

0.5 —

I—I—I—I—

I—I

\—I—

I

\—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I

\—

I—I

\—

r

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.5

QO

0.0 - OC$^ o O o o o o o o ©

325 K

-0.5 ~\ I I I I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I I

I I I \I r 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.5

0.0 o o o oo o o O C5) o oc$)^

350 K

—0.5 —

I—I

\—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

r

0 4 6 8

Pressure, MPa

I

I

I I I

I 10 12

Figure 33. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AQA 8 from the experimental values for the

binary mixture, nitrogen 0.50 — carbon dioxide 0.50.

NOTE: This composition is outside the range of AGA 8

and NGAS.

79
OOCXDOAGA 8

*-)H(-** NGAS

0.3

0.0

-0.3

* 6 o 5S 6 o o o ooo

250 K

0

1—1—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I

\—I—

I—I—I—1—I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—

8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0

-0.2

5^ * * * ^ ^ ® @ o o

275 K

0

1—I—

I—I—

4

I

I I I

I 6 8

1—I—I—I—I—I—

10 12

0.2 n

0.0 - 500 K

© O

-0.2

0

0.2

q

0.0 -

I I

I 2

I I

I

I 6 8 10 12

^ Q ^ ¥r # * " 0000565® ®9

-0.2

0

0.2 -1

0.0 -

-0.2

325 K

O

'

I '

I

I I I

I 2 4

* ^ * *

1—

I—1—I

\—

I—I—I

\—

I

\—I—I—

6 8 10 12

350 K

T—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I—

0 2 4 6 8

Pressure, MPa

I

I

1

I '

I 10 12

Figure 34. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from, the experimental values

for the Gulf Coast mixture.

80
OOOOOAGA 8 ***** NGAS

0.3

q

0.0 -

-0.3

0

0.2

q

0.0 -

-0.2

0

0.2 n

o o o 6 o

"I—I—

I—1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—

r

2 4 6

~l \ I I

I

I I I I 8 10 12

® 9 ®

275 K

® 9 9 9 Q o

T I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I

I I 1

I 4 6 8 10 12

0.0 - ® ® 9 9 Q ^ o

300 K

-0.2

0

0.2

q

0.0 -

~r~r 2

I

I

I 4

I I

>

I I 6 8I '

I

'

I I

I 10 12

325 K

® ® ® 9 9 9 Qo

-0.2 —

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

I

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.2

0.0

-0.2

® ®

350 K

Q o

~i—1—

r

0

I

I I 2

"1—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—

r

4 6 8

Pressure, MPa

I I

I

I I I

I 10 12

Figure 35. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the Amarillo mixture.

81
OOOOOAGA 8

0.6 n

0.0 -

O o ®

(5) ® ®

O O

Q O O

^ * ^ ^

©DO

250 K

-0.6

0

0.2 n

1 I I

I r 2

I

I I I I 4 6

-| I I I

I

I I I

I 8 10 12

0.0 - o

* oo®9o2 -X- 6o

275 K

-0.2

0.2

1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.0 -

-0.2

0

0.2 -1

500 K

° ° ° 5 5 6 6 # ^

"1—I—I—

I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—1—I—1—I—I—

2 4 6 8 10 12

0.0 -

-0.2

0

0.2 -1

* * * ^ * 325 K

8 o o o o o o O cP (§)

I

I

I I I

I

I 2 4

-]—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

I—1—1—I—

6 8 10 12

0.0 H

-0.2

0

6o ^ ¥r ^ 350 K

° ° ° ^ S S 5 oo

1

I

I I I

I I I I I

\ \ I

I

I I I

I

I I I

I 4 6 8

Pressure, MPa

10 12

Figure 36. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by AGA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the Statoil dry gas mixture.

82
OCOOOAGA 8

NGAS

0.8

0.0 H

-0.8

0

0.2 n

9 999925^^o o

o

o

300 K

I

I 1I

I 2 4

I '

I 8 10 12

n 6 ^

0.0 - oo o o o o o 9

^ o

325 /r

'0.2 I I I

I

I I 1

I

I I I

I

I I I II I I

I

I I I 1 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0.2 n

0.0

-0.2

2^0 O OOOQ®6 OOO o Oo

^ ^ ^ ^ 350 K

"1

1 I

I

I r 0 2

—

I—I—I—I—

I—I

\—\—

I—

r

4 6 8

Pressure, MPa

I

I 1I

I 10 12

Figure 37. Deviations of speed of sound computed

by ACA 8 and NGAS from the experimental values

for the Statoil Statvordgass mixture.

83
s

I

0.4 n

0.0 -

-0.4

<5ft ^>P<Ox< Ox

xo x*c)a:*o* <

* ^

*

* ***** 250 K

ooooo 275 K

DDD 300 K

<<<<< 325 K

X X X X X 350 K

"T—I—

0 4 6 8

1 r fO

Pressure, MPa

Figure 38. Deviations of the densities computed

by NGAS from those computed u^ing AGA 8 for the

Gulf Coast mixture.

0.6 n

2

I

Q5

0.0 -

o ^6 ^

<

lis

I

-0.6

0

***** 250

ooooo 275

300

<<<<< 325

X X X X X 350

K

K

K

K

K

1 1 ^

\ r 2 4

~I r 6 8

"T T"

10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 39. Deviations of the densities computed

by NGAS from those computed using AGA 8 for the

Amarillo mixture.

84
CO

I I

QO

I

3.0 n

2.0

1.0 H

1 0.0 -

-1.0

***** 250 K

ooooo 275 K

300 K

<<<<< 325 K

X X X X X 350 K

nxCB

» * X© 9o^^^ *

*

X X

I r~i I

I I I

I rn—r~r-|—rn—

|—i—i—r-|—

r

0 2 4 6 8 10

Pressure, MPa

12

Figure 40. Deviations of the densities computed

by NGAS from those computed using AGA 8 for the

Statoil dry gas mixture.

S

t/1

0.6 -1

0.0 -

-0.6

< ^< x< X

-

X ^ o

300 K

<<<<< 325 K

X X X X X 350 K

X X

X

<3a

I—I—I—

I—1—1—I—I—I—I—I—

I—

r

0 2 4 6

M I II

I I

'

I 8 10 12

Pressure, MPa

Figure 41. Deviations of the densities computed

by NCAS from those computed u^ing AGA 8 for the

Statoil Statvordgass mixture.

85
I

I

0.2 ^

0.0

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

ooooo 275 K

300 K

325 K

XXX XX 350 K o

~1—I—I

\—I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—

p

0 2 3 5

' 1

I

I I I I 6 8

Pressure, MPa

Figure 42. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed

by NGAS for methane 0.95 - ethane 0.05.

1

I

to

1.0 -1

0.0 -

-1.0 -

-2.0

-3.0

9 cxi

OOOOO 275 K

300 K

325 K

xxxxx 350 K

O

°

o

"I—I—I—

I—I—I—I—1—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—

0 2 3 5 6 8

Pressure, MPa

Figure 43. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed

by NGAS for methane 0.70 - ethane 0.30.

86
to

i

to

.1

0.2 -J

0.0 i

-0.2 ~

-0.4 -.

-0.6

ooooo 275 K

300 K

<«<< 325 K

xxxxx 3S0 K

^1 O < X < <

~i—I—I—

I—I—

r

0 2

'

I I

I I '

I 5 6

1 r 8

Pressure, MPa

Figure 44. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed by

NGAS for methane 0.95 - carbon dioxide 0.05.

to

X5 1

^ -0.0 -1 ooooo 275 K

300 K

««\< 325 K

xxxxx 350 K

i

to I

-0.5 -

-1.0

0

<fij) ^ <xD<3 X ° X X

1—

r

I I r 2 3 5 6

Pressure, MPa

8

Figure 45. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed by

NGAS for methane 0.90 - carbon dioxide 0.10.

87
to

I

s

to

0,2 -^

0.0

-0,2 -.

-0.4

-0,6

CD

ooooo 275 K

300 K

<<<<< 325 K

X X X X X 3Q0 K

<

o

1—I—

0

T—I—

I—I—I

\—I—

3 5

-1

\

\ I I

I 6 8

Pressure, MPa

Figure 46. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed

by NGAS for methane 0.95 - nitrogen 0.05.

to

I

s

to

0.5 n

-0.0 -

-0.5 -

-1

o <r

CD)

ooooo 275 K

300 K

<<<<< 325 K

XXX XX 3S0 K

o o

0 2 3 5

Pressure, MPa

I

I

I I 6 8

Figure 47. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed

by NGAS for methane 0.90 - nitrogen 0.10.

88
I

s

0.2 -1

0.0 -

I -0.2

I -0.4

ooo

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oo 275 K

300 K

325 K

X X 350 K

o

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0 2 3 5 6 8

Pressure, MPa

Figure 48. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed

by NGAS for the Gulf Coast mixture.

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300 K

<<<<< 325 K

X X X X X 550 K

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0 2 3 5

Pressure, MPa

8

Figure 49. Deviations of mass flow computed

by the Johnson equation from that computed

by NGAS for the Amarillo mixture.

89



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