Long Term Resource Monitoring Program

Program Report

95-P008-3

Long Term Resource Monitoring Program

Standard Operating Procedures:

Production ARCEDIT Digitizing

August 1995
Long Term Resource Monitoring Program

Standard Operating Procedures:

Production ARCEDIT Digitizing

by

Lynne Arndt

St. Mary's University of Minnesota

700 Terrace Heights

Winona, Minnesota 55987-1399

and

Douglas A. Olsen

National Biological Service

Environmental Management Technical Center

575 Lester Avenue

Onlaska, Wisconsin 54650

August 1995
The Environmental Management Technical Center issues LTRMP Program Reports to

provide Long Term Resource Monitoring Program partners with programmatic documentation,

procedures manuals, training manuals, and geospatial applications.

National Biological Service

Environmental Management

Technical Center

CENTER DIRECTOR

Robert L. Delaney

SCIENCE ADVISOR

John W. Barko

INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY

SERVICES DIRECTOR

Norman W. Hildrum

GEOSPATIAL APPLICATIONS

DIRECTOR

Frank D'Erchia

INFORMATION TRANSFER AND

MEDIA SERVICES MANAGER

Terry D'Erchia 

REPORT EDITOR

Madelon Wise

Cover graphic by Mi Ae Lipe-Butterbrodt

Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation

for use by the National Biological Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.

The National Biological Service . . . gathering, analyzing,

and sharing the biological information necessary to support the wise

stewardship of the Nation's natural resources.

 Printed on recycled paper 
iii

Preface

The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) was authorized under the Water Resources

Development Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-662) as an element of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers'

Environmental Management Program. The LTRMP is being implemented by the Environmental

Management Technical Center, an office of the National Biological Service, in cooperation with the five

Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS), States of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin,

with guidance and Program responsibility provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The UMRS

encompasses the commercially navigable reaches of the Upper Mississippi River, as well as the Illinois

River and navigable portions of the Kaskaskia, Black, St. Croix, and Minnesota Rivers.

The mission of the LTRMP is to provide decision makers with information to maintain the UMRS as

a sustainable large river ecosystem given its multiple-use character. The long-term goals of the Program

are to understand the system, determine resource trends and impacts, develop management alternatives,

manage information, and develop useful products.

The strategy to develop and adopt standard operating procedures is included in the LTRMP Operating

Plan as Strategy 4.1.1, Develop and Update Information Management Guidance Documents under

Objective 4.1, Provide Direction for Automation Activities. This report was developed with funding

provided by the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program.

Additional copies of this report may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service,

5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161 (1-800-553-6847 or 703-487-4650).

This report should be cited as:

Arndt, L., and D. Olsen. 1995. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program standard operating

procedures: Production ARCEDIT digitizing. National Biological Service, Environmental

Management Technical Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, August 1995. LTRMP 95-P008-3. 12 pp. +

Appendixes A-K
v

Contents

Page

Preface ........................................................................ iii

Contents ....................................................................... v

Introduction ..................................................................... 1

Project Assignment and Preliminary Quality Control ...................................... 1

Creating a Workspace ............................................................. 1

Creating a Coverage .............................................................. 2

Map Registration ................................................................. 2

Digitizing with PAE .............................................................. 3

Verification ..................................................................... 3

Topology/Editing ................................................................ 3

Attributing ..................................................................... 5

Final Quality Control ............................................................. 6

Archiving ...................................................................... 6

References ...................................................................... 6

Appendix A .................................................................... A-1

Appendix B .................................................................... B-1

Appendix C .................................................................... C-1

Appendix D .................................................................... D-1

Appendix E .................................................................... E-1

Appendix F .................................................................... F-1

Appendix G .................................................................... G-1

Appendix H .................................................................... H-1
vi

Appendix I ..................................................................... I-1

Appendix J .................................................................... J-1

Appendix K .................................................................... K-1
Introduction

These procedures were developed to be used with the Unix-based ARC/INFO Production

ARCEDIT (PAE) (Olsen 1993R). The PAE system is a custom user interface designed to standardize the

procedures and commands available in the ARCEDIT module. Tolerances are automatically set based

upon the scale of the source material.

Project Assignment and Preliminary Quality Control

1. Obtain maps and/or overlays from the supervisor for the project/theme assigned and review the

Digitizing Assignment Sheet (Appendix A) for detailed instructions, naming conventions, attributes,

etc. The supervisor assigns project, themes, and maps to be digitized, sets job priorities, and

determines the order of maps and/or overlays to be digitized in each theme. Depending on the

source of the data, such as vector data (points, lines, or polygons) or zoom transfer data, you will

need to follow the corresponding procedures. If you will be editing zoom transfer data, refer to

Appendix B for instructions and use the Zoom Transfer Scope (ZTS) Information Sheet (Appendix

C).

2. Check the base maps and/or overlays with all adjacent maps/overlays for unlabeled polygons,

missing arcs, and inconsistent attributes or line work between map edges. The supervisor will assist

you in organizing the project.

3. Fill out a Map Information Sheet (Appendix D) for each coverage to be digitized in the assigned

theme. Obtain project/theme names and base map projection information from the supervisor and

the project assignment sheet. Refer to Theme Abbreviations Code List (Appendix E) for the current

list of theme names and standard abbreviations. New theme name abbreviations must be approved

by the supervisor.

4. In the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) lab, the Data Tracking Sheet (Appendix F) will be

printed on the back of the Map Information Sheet (Appendix D). Enter the initial coverage name

under the "coverage" column of the Data Tracking Sheet. Use the coverage naming conventions

described in the Coverage Naming Standards (Appendix G). Use the Project Code List and

Projection Code List (Appendix H) for naming convention abbreviations.

Creating a Workspace

The supervisor will help you create a workspace or working directory and necessary subdirectories

for each project. A readme file will also be created in the working directory in TEXTEDITOR, which is

a Windows-based X View application used for editing text files. A text editor can be opened by typing

textedit & at the Sun% prompt. This file will contain the work request number of the project, a

description of the project, and any special instructions that are included with the project. After this file is

created, you can start creating coverages.

Before logging out, delete extraneous files and add new information to your readme file if

necessary. Each new file, coverage, or other miscellaneous information should be listed with a brief

explanation. For example: lcu89p14_prj--projected coverage.
2

If you need to delete unnecessary coverages, do not use system commands; use the ARC command

KILL to delete the coverages. Keep all coverages from previous operations until you are sure they are not

required for archiving (check with supervisor).

Creating a Coverage

1. If the map sheet is a standard U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quad, or any rectangular map with

lat/long intersections on the corners, the initial coverage will be created using the QUADMAP

option in the Production ARC Application. Ask your supervisor if you have any questions. See

Appendix I for instructions for creating a quadmap.

2. If the map sheet is not a standard USGS quad and is not rectangular with lat/long intersections on

the corners, identify tics by labeling each one (four minimum) and use the CREATE option from the

Production ARCEDIT COVERAGE menu. Be sure to consult with the supervisor before creating

a new coverage by this method. Also, if no projection information is given on the map sheet,

always digitize at a 1:1 scale in map unit inches. Refer to Appendix J for instructions for creating a

new coverage.

Map Registration

The next step is to register your coverage. PAE requires you to register the coverage through the

MAP REGISTRATION menu. Registration ensures that the initial tic locations were digitized

accurately. When registering through the MAP REGISTRATION menu, if you cannot get the Root

Mean Square (RMS) error below the required tolerance (0.005), the original tic locations were probably

digitized poorly, and the coverage should be recreated. If this occurs, please notify the supervisor.

1. Choose MAP REGISTRATION from the main menu bar.

2. MAP REGISTRATION will prompt you for a digitizer type. The upper corner of the digitizing

table will indicate the type of digitizer: Calcomp, Altek, or Altek-quad.

3. Next, you will be prompted to enter at least four tic locations from the digitizer. Use the tic entry

procedure from Appendix J. To enter the tics, start with the upper left-hand corner and proceed

clockwise. After entering the tic locations, the RMS error is displayed. The (dig) RMS error must

be 0.005 or less. If it is not, you should reregister the coverage. Please notify the supervisor if

reregistration fails.

4. At this point, the coverage is created, registered, and ready for digitizing.
3

Digitizing with PAE

If you are digitizing an existing coverage, select the CHOOSE EDIT COVERAGE option from the

COVERAGE menu. After you select the coverage to be digitized, choose MAP REGISTRATION and

use the tic entry procedure from Appendix J to register your map. Once the map is registered with an

RMS error less than 0.005, it is ready to be digitized. If you are digitizing line features such as contours,

refer to Appendix K.

1. From the main menu, choose the EDIT option; this will bring up another submenu, which will be

the basic menu you use when digitizing. For more information on this process, refer to the

Production ARCEDIT document (Olsen 1993R).

2. Before adding features, you must go into the INPUT option of the EDIT menu and select FROM

DIGITIZER.

3. From the same menu, choose the ADD option, which will put you in digitizing mode. Begin

digitizing from the keypad, using the "2" button for a node to start and end an arc and a "1" button

for vertices. Option 9 (quit) returns you to the EDIT menu. If any abnormal problems with the

software, hardware, or maps occur during digitizing, inform the supervisor immediately.

4. The supervisor is responsible for coordinating all cartographic questions and problems with in-house

GIS personnel or off-site contact persons. Following the instructions provided by the supervisor,

identify data discrepancies and cartographic questions on the base maps or map overlays.

5. Select the SAVE option periodically (every 15 min) during the digitizing session and following

completion of digitizing.

Verification

When you have completed your line work, make a check plot for the supervisor to check. This can

be created by choosing the CHECKPLOT option from the PARC main menu. This option will make the

plot and send it to the penplotter.

First, compare the plot to the map by overlaying both on the light table. After you initially check

your plot, the supervisor must check it and sign the Map Information Sheet. If changes need to be made,

the supervisor will inform you. Follow the digitizing procedures to add the features. Then before

continuing, have the supervisor do a final check.

Topology/Editing

1. From the PARC main menu choose the TOPOLOGY option and then choose CLEAN. Fill in the

appropriate information in the form menu. For output coverage name, use the original coverage

name and then add _c (i.e.: bro_dig to bro_c). The original coverage will remain uncleaned and a

copy will be created with the new name. Save all intermediate coverages. After choosing APPLY

on the CLEAN menu, the system will show the chosen setting and ask if they are correct. If the

settings are OK, then type y to accept the settings and the coverage will be cleaned. If you are
4

digitizing with tolerances of scale 1:1 in unit inches, use the scale 1:6,000 to clean. From this point

on, the cleaned coverage (bro_c) will be the one which is further processed.

Note: the CLEAN option is used only once per coverage. If any edits are made to the coverage,

use the BUILD option to rebuild topology.

2. From the PARC main menu, choose the ERRORS option and then choose NODEERRORS. This

will tell you if you have any dangling nodes such as undershoots or overshoots. If no dangles exist,

proceed to ATTRIBUTING.

3. If dangles are present, go into the PAE main menu and select COVERAGE and select the CHOOSE

EDIT COVERAGE option. Select the cleaned coverage to be edited and set the tolerances for that

coverage. Most dangles can be fixed by either deleting an overshoot or moving the node of an

undershoot. To draw your dangles, go into the DRAW option and then select the DRAW

SETTINGS option. Click on DANGLING NODES and then DRAW. A red box will be drawn

around the dangles.

a. If there is an overshoot, select EDITFEATURE as arc. Select the EDIT option. From the

EDIT menu choose the SELECT option. A submenu will pop up and you will select your

extended arc through this menu by clicking on SELECT. After you have selected the arc,

delete it.

b. If there is an undershoot, choose the MOVE NODES option from the EDIT submenu. Once

you click on this option, it will prompt you to select the node you want to move. Use the left

mouse button to select it. If the correct node is NOT selected, use the middle mouse button to

move to the next node until the correct one is selected.

Once the correct node to move is selected, a 4 (press shift and left mouse button) will move the

node. The cmdtool window will then prompt you to point and click with the left mouse button

in the general area where you want the node moved. Usually, you want to snap the node to

another existing node, as this will remove the dangle.

c. If there is a dangle near an arc where a node does not exist, you can create a node to snap to. 

First, make your edit feature arc. Then select the arc that you want to create a node with. On

the EDIT menu choose the OTHER option and select SPLIT. SPLIT creates a node by splitting

one arc into two separate arcs. Click on the selected arc where you want to create the new

node. Now you can use this node to snap to for dangles.

4. When editing is complete and saved, go back into PARC. Choose the TOPOLOGY option and

then select BUILD. This step will rebuild topology following any edit changes. After building,

select the ERRORS option and check for NODEERRORS once again to make sure no other

corrections need to be made.
5

Attributing

Label points are created only for polygon coverages. Label points are not created for point or linear

coverages since attribute information is directly associated with individual point and linear features.

1. From the PARC main menu choose the CREATE LABELS option to create polygon labels for a

coverage. A "user-id" number will be given to each label point created. Labels can be added to

coverages which already have some labels by specifying an "id base." The "id base" is the starting

number for labeling the additional polygons. The default "id base" of 0 creates polygon labels for

all polygons in a coverage. If you are creating labels for a coverage for the first time, leave the

default "id base" at 0 and apply. If you are adding labels to a coverage that already contains labels,

the "id base" must be greater than the highest numbered label point.

2. After creating polygon labels, a coverage must be built. Choose TOPOLOGY and the BUILD

option from the PARC main menu to rebuild coverage topology.

3. Before attribute information can be added to a coverage, the item to hold the attribute information

must be defined and added to the coverage attribute table. To add an item to a coverage attribute

table, choose ITEM from the PARC main menu, then choose the ADD ITEM option. Fill in the

form menu with the appropriate information specified on the project assignment sheet or provided

by supervisor. After choosing APPLY from the ADD ITEM menu, the system will show the

chosen settings and ask if they are correct. If the settings are correct, then type y to accept them and

the item will be added to the attribute table.

4. Attribute information is added to the coverage attribute table through PAE. After choosing the edit

coverage, select the appropriate edit feature. Make sure the edit feature is "label" and that the labels

are drawn for you to attribute. From the EDIT menu, choose the ATTRIBUTE option, then choose

UPDATE SELECTED RECORDS. A menu will pop up showing the first record of the selected set. 

Click on the FIRST button to highlight the first label selected in yellow. Add the appropriate

attribute information to the selected record, then choose NEXT to move to the next record in the

selected set. Refer to the project assignment sheet and basemap or map overlay for the codes to be

entered. Be sure to save periodically.

5. From the EDIT menu, choose the ATTRIBUTE option, then the LIST ATTRIBUTE TABLE

option. This will list the coverages attribute table in a scrollable window. Scroll through the

attribute table to ensure that each label point has correct and complete attribute information

assigned. Once all attribute information is entered, you must build the coverage before creating the

area report.

6. When you have completed attributing, select the REPORT option from the PARC main menu. This

will provide a text file report of the attributes and corresponding acreages. Name the report the

name of the coverage.rpt (e.g., Brownsville quad, report name is bro_c.rpt). Make a report for each

of the items that you added. To print the file, at the sun prompt type: lp -d south4si <file name> (ie

bro_c.rpt). Check the summary for any misspelled or incorrect attributes.
6

Final Quality Control

To QC the attributes, create a check plot with the arcs and attributes listed. Choose the CHECK

PLOT option from the PARC main menu. Return base maps and/or map overlay(s) to the supervisor to

check your work. If changes need to be made, the supervisor will inform you. Once everything is in

order, finish your READ_ME file and let the supervisor know that your directory is in order. The project

will then be turned over to the supervisor.

Archiving

Once you have completed your part of a project, it may be archived. Inform your supervisor that

your project directory is ready to archive.

References

Olsen, D. A. 1995. Geospatial Application: Production ARCEDIT. National Biological Service,

Environmental Management Technical Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, Revised July 1995. EMTC

93-P005R. 10 pp. + Appendix A + diskette.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1992. Operating Plan for the Upper Mississippi River System Long

Term Resource Monitoring Program. Environmental Management Technical Center, Onalaska,

Wisconsin, Revised September 1993. EMTC 91-P002. 179 pp. (NTIS #PB94-160199)
A-1

Appendix A

Digitizing Assignment Sheet

EMTC Task Number:__________________________ Location:_________________________

Project Name:______________________________ Abbreviation:_____________________

Data Type:_________________________________ No. Maps in Project:______________

Data Theme:________________________________ Theme Abbreviation:_______________

Map Scale:_________________________________ Coincident Lines:_________________

 

Items Attribute Codes

Item Name:_____________________________

Item Width:_________ Item Type:________

 (C=Character, I=Integer)

 

Special Instructions:

 

Map Edges Checked By:_______________________ Map Type(s):_____________________

Refer Carto Questions To:___________________ Data Vintage:____________________

Return Maps To:_____________________________ Map Vintage:_____________________

Date Source Material Returned:______________ Supervisor Initial:______________

No. Maps Assigned:__________________________ Date:____________________________

Deadline Date:______________________________ Time Estimate:___________________

Signed:_____________________________________ Date:____________________________
B-1

Appendix B

Editing Zoom Transfer Data

1. You will be provided a Stereo Zoom Transfer Scope (ZTS) Information Sheet for each project. 

You are required to complete the EDITING box. Enter your name on the EDITOR line, enter the

date on the DATE line, and enter the full pathname to your workspace where the project directory

will reside on the LOCATION line under EDITING. The TRACKING lines should be filled out

with the date and any step to the project that you complete.

Example:

9/28/94 Copied directory

9/28/94 Ran AUTOTRANSFER.AML on subdirectories xy1 to create lcu89p8_l

9/28/94 Ran AUTOTRANSFER.AML on subdirectories xy2 to create lcu89p8_r

9/29/94 Appended lcu89p8_r and lcu89p8_l together to create lcu89p8

2. From the digitizing box, retrieve the pathname for the directory with the project files from the

Stereo ZTS Information Sheet on the LOCATION line. The name of the directory you copy will

be found on the DIRECTORY NAME line. Copy that directory to your workspace using the same

name as on the DIRECTORY NAME line.

Example: sun03% cp -r /net/suns02/home/lrr0/lcu89p8.

The Unix command for copying files is cp. The -r allows you to copy a directory. The dot "." at

the end of the line tells the computer to copy the directory to your present workspace and to give the

same directory name to the newly copied directory.

3. Compare the subdirectories on the Unix to ensure that all of the coverages in each subdirectory

match the x, y shift listed on the ZTS Information Sheet. (Note: You can do this from either the

Unix prompt or the ARC prompt. If you check the directory from the Unix prompt, you will want

the Unix cd command to change directories and the ls command to list the files in the directory.)

Example:

sun02% cd <directory name> 

This will move you into a directory.

--or-- sun02% cd .. 

This will move you up one directory level.

--then-- sun02% ls 
B-2

This will list the files in your present directory.

--or-- You can use the ARC command w at the ARC prompt to change workspaces (this is like changing

directories) and the lc command to list just the coverages in the directory, or you can also use the

Unix ls command at the ARC prompt to list all the files in the directory.

Example:

arc: w <directory name>

This will move you into the directory.

--or-- arc: w .. 

This will move you up one directory level.

--then-- arc: lc

This lists all of the coverages in the directory.

--or-- arc: ls

This will list the files in your present directory.

4. If the directories are in order, then change your working directory to the directory or one of the

subdirectories with the "ph" coverages and then run the AUTOTRANSFER.AML. (Note: "PH" is

the prefix of the naming convention used to name the coverages.) To run the

AUTOTRANSFER.AML, simply type autotransfer at the ARC prompt. If the project contains

subdirectories, then when the AUTOTRANSFER.AML prompts you for the OUTPUT NAME,

type in the path or LOCATION with the DIRECTORY NAME and the name of the new coverage

to be created.

Example:

Output name: /net/sun02/home/abc0/lcu89p8/lcu89p8_r

If there is more than one x, y shift, you must denote the coverage to be created by attaching a suffix

such as _l if the coverage makes up the left side of the final coverage, or _r if it makes up the right side of

the coverage, and _d if there is only one x, y shift. These coverages will be equivalent to the "raw"

digitized coverages of manual digitizing.

5. If the project consists of subdirectories with different x, y shifts, then use step 4 for each of the

directories.

6. After all of the of the "ph" coverages have been joined by the AUTOTRANSFER.AML, change

your workspace to the location where all the newly created ("raw") coverages are and append them

together at the arc prompt.
B-3

Example:

arc: append lcu89p8

Enter the first coverage: lcu89p8_r

Enter the second coverage: lcu89p8_l

Enter the third coverage: {enter a hard return}

Done entering coverage names (Y/N)? Y

Do you wish to use the above coverages (Y/N)?Y

7. Proceed to Editing with PAE standard operating procedures.
C-1

Appendix C

Stereo Zoom Transfer Scope Information Sheet

Project Name:_______________________________

Digitizing

Directory Name______________________ Date_____________________________

Shift/Dataset Name__________________ Theme____________________________

Location____________________________ Digitizer________________________

Shift X =___________ Y =___________ Page_________ of ___________

Photo Residuals

 Photo # X Y Z Total

 ________ _________ _________ _________ _________

 ________ _________ _________ _________ _________

 ________ _________ _________ _________ _________

 ________ _________ _________ _________ _________

 ________ _________ _________ _________ _________

 ________ _________ _________ _________ _________

Editing

Editor__________________________ Date__________________________________

Location________________________ Data Type: Poly_____Line_____Point____

Tracking

___________________________________ __________________________________

___________________________________ __________________________________

___________________________________ __________________________________

___________________________________ __________________________________

Quality Control

Total # Arcs___________ Total # Polygons_________ Total Attributes_________

Fuzzy Tolerance________ Node Err Fixed___________ Label Errors Fixed_______

Date Map Completed_____ Line Plot QC'D___________ Attributes QC'D__________

QC Supervisor________________________ Total Hours to Complete____________
D-1

Appendix D

Map Information Sheet

Coverage Name:____________________________ Date:____________________________

Project Name:_____________________________ Digitizer:_______________________

Location:_________________________________ Mapsheet Scale:__________________

Mapsheet Name:____________________________ Data Type:_______________________

Mapsheet Vintage:_________________________ Data Type: poly line point

Theme Name:_______________________________ Projection:______________________

TIC ID#____ (lon)_________________ TIC ID#____ (lon)_________________

 (lat)_________________ (lat)_________________

TIC ID#____ (lon)_________________ TIC ID#____ (lon)_________________

 (lat)_________________ (lat)_________________

TIC ID#____ (lon)_________________ TIC ID#____ (lon)_________________

 (lat)_________________ (lat)_________________

 RMS Error:_______________________

Coordinates of Quad Center (lon/lat): _____._____._____ _____._____._____

Adjacent Completed Maps: Edge Snap: Total # Attributes:______________

 North_______________ _______________ Total # ARCS:____________________

 East________________ _______________ Total # Polygons:________________

 South_______________ _______________ Fuzzy TOL:_______ Dangle:_______

 West________________ _______________ Node Errors Fixed:_______________

Date Map Completed:_______________________ Label Errors Fixed:______________

Date Line Plot Checked:___________________ Supervisor Initial:______________

Date Attributes Checked:__________________ Supervisor Initial:______________

Total Hours to Complete:__________________ Supervisor Initial:______________
E-1

Appendix E

Theme Abbreviations Code List

Theme Theme

abbrev. Theme name abbrev. Theme name

 AMB Administrative Boundary NST Nest Sites 

 AQA Aquatic Areas PBD Pasture Boundary 

 ARC Archaeological Sites PTC Photo Centers 

 ASB Assessment Area Boundary PTL Pipes/Transmission Lines 

 CAN Canals PCS Plant Communities 

 CEN Census PLV Pool Level 

 CTY County Boundary POU Pool Outline 

 CUL Cultivated Boundary POL Political Boundary 

 DEM Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) PSS Potential Spill Source 

 ARH Architectural PLC Powerline Corridor 

 DLG Digital Line Graphs (DLGs) PRE Precipitation 

 DIC Dikes/Canals PRZ Precipitation Zones 

 DRN Drainage PVL Private Lands 

 ESS Environmentally Sensitive Areas PLS Public Land Survey 

 ESC Escarpments RRS Railroads 

 FED Federal Lands RBD Refuge Boundary 

 FLT Flight Lines RFP Refuges, Fish Hatcheries, and Game Preserves

 FEV Flood Event RVB Reservation Boundary 

 FPB Floodplain Boundary RIP Riparian 

 FPL Floodplain Level RIV River 

 FBD Forest Boundary RCA River/Canals 

 FMA Forest Management Area RIC River Channel 

 GEO Geology RDS Roads 

 HAB Habitat SAT Satellite 

 HLW High-low Water Line SLO Slope 

 HWL High Water Line SLS Soils 

 HYD Hydrography SPG Springs 

 IRL Irrigated Land SPT Springs, Water Tanks, and Stock Tanks

 LEL Lake Elevations SBD State Boundary 

 LAM Lakes/Marshes STR Streams and Rivers 

 LAK Lakes/Ponds and Reservoirs STC Structures 

 LAQ Land Acquisition SAB Study Area Boundary 

 LCU Land Cover/Land Use SCT Surface Cover Types 

 LAN Landforms SMA Swamp/Marsh 

 LND Landings TER Terrain Features 

 LST Land Ownership TCK Tic Marks 

 LTK Land Tracts TMH Timber Harvest 

 LUS Land Use TMB Timber Stands 

 LWA Land/Water TTY Timber Types 

 MGT Management Areas TOW Towers 

 MIG Migratory Birds TWN Towns and Cities 

 MIN Minerals TRL Trails 
E-2

Theme

abbrev. Theme name

 TRN Transects

 TRA Transportation

 UPL Uplands

 UPP Upland Potential

 VEG Vegetation

 VEM Vegetation Mortality

 VPT View Points

 VQO Visual Quality Objectives

 WCF Water Control Features

 WCV Water Conveyance

 WAF Water Features

 WIN Water Intakes

 WLV Water Level

 WWV Water Wave and Velocity

 WTD Watersheds

 WET Wetlands

 WDB Wilderness Boundary

 WLD Wildlife Areas

 WRZ Winter Range Zone

 ZON Zoning

 BTH Bathymetry

 BAC Boat Access Points

 SCE Spill Containment Equipment

 LDM Lock and Dam

 VAR Various/Multitude

 CON Contour Lines

 BEA Beaches

 SAM Sample Points
F-1

Appendix F

Data Tracking Sheet

COVERAGE NAME OPERATION PERFORMED DATE
G-1

Appendix G

Coverage Naming Standards

/__/__/__/ /__/__/__/__/__/__/ /__/ /__/

Theme Year or project Data type Projection

Theme: Use abbreviated code from the Abbreviation Code List for first three spaces.

Year: This is the year of the source data and/or a project code name. Up to six spaces for this

code can be used.

NOTE: If the coverage is based on an individual U.S. Geological Survey quadrangle, the

Year or project field can be used to indicate the quad name. Use the first four letters of the

quad name. If another quad has the same four letters, use the first three letters, followed by

the fifth. If quad name is repeated with a direction, use the first two or three letters and

direction (i.e., SLNW for northwest or FORW for west).

Data Type: Leave space blank when data are polygon type (default), or use a dot symbol (.) if a

projection is included. Use "P" for point type and "L" for line type.

Projection: Leave space blank for Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) (default). For other

projections, use codes from Projection Code List.

Example: A polygon coverage of land cover/land use for Pool 4 developed in 1989 with a UTM

projection: LCU89P4
H-1

Appendix H

Project Code List

P# = Pool #

WB = Weaver Bottoms

GR = Green Survey

BR = Brown Survey

OR = Open River

LAG = La Grange

Projection Code List

Default = Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)

A = Albers Conic Equal Area 

B = Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area

C = Polyconic

D = Van Der Grinden I

E = Equidistant

G = Geographic 

I = Equirectangular 

L = Lambert Conformal Curve

M = Mercator

N = Gnomonic

O = Orthographic

P = Polar Stereographic

Q = Oblique Mercator

R = Stereographic

S = State Plane

T = Transverse Mercator

U = Sinusodial

V = Vertical Near Side Perspective

Y = Miller Cylindrical

Z = Azimuthal Equidistant
I-1

Appendix I

Creating a Quadmap

1. From the sun prompt, type arc.

2. Once in ARC, type ARCMENU to start the Spatial Data Management System.

3. When the menu bar appears, click on the PARC icon.

4. Once in the Production Arc application, click on the Quadmap menu option. Provide the

following information: 

Enter the lat/long tics following the example given.

Enter the utm zone (which will always be 15, unless indicated otherwise.)

Enter the output coverage name. The naming convention for an original digitized quad coverage

is the first three letters of the quad name underscore dig. For example: Quad name is

Brownsville. Naming convention would be BRO_DIG.

Click on the Apply button to create quad coverage.

You have created a new coverage, but it is not yet registered. Refer to D. Map Registration.

When you register your coverage, start with the upper left-hand corner as the first tic and proceed

clockwise.
J-1

Appendix J

Creating a New Coverage

1. Type parc at the arc: prompt to launch the Production Arc Application.

2. Under the COVERAGE menu, choose CREATE.

3. Enter the name of your new coverage based on naming conventions. If you are entering new tics,

proceed by entering from the keypad. Place the crosshairs directly over the center of the tic

location and enter the following:

First tic: 1 A 1

Second tic: 2 A 1

Third tic: 3 A 1

Fourth tic: 4 A 1

 . . . etc. You must have at least 4 tics.

This is actually a two-step process. The first two items entered represent the tic-id number. The

last "1" entered registers that tic location.

After entering the last tic, enter 0 A to exit.

You are then prompted to enter the initial boundary for this new coverage. Use the number 1 key

on the digitizer keypad to enter the upper right coverage boundary and the lower left coverage

boundary. Make sure to enter a boundary that completely encompasses the map you are

digitizing.

Next, enter the scale of the map and the map units at which you will be digitizing. If the map has

no projection information, use a scale of 1:1 with map units inches.

You have now created a new coverage and defined its tics, the coverage is not registered at this point. 

Proceed to the original SOP and follow map registration procedures.
K-1

Appendix K

Digitizing Contours or Other Linear Features

Digitizing linear features, such as contour lines, require different procedures than digitizing

polygon data. Once your coverage has been created or selected and registered, follow these procedures.

1. Select the EDIT option from the main menu. Make sure your edit feature is arc. Choose the

INPUT option and select FROM DIGITIZER.

2. Select the ADD ARCS option. This will put you in a text-based menu in the cmdtool window. 

Use the options to add and attribute the linear data.

From the digitizing keypad:

a.

Select 8> digitizing options.

b.

Select 3> auto increment OFF (do this only once)

c.

Select 8> digitizing options.

d.

Select 1> new user-id; from the keypad enter the number (which is the features attribute) of the

contour or other linear you are digitizing and press A to enter it.

3. Begin digitizing the linears with that attribute. When you want to change the user-id to digitize

the other linears, repeat steps 2c and 2d. Remember to save every 15-20 min.
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved

OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data

sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other

aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and

Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188),

Washington, D.C. 20503

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

August 1995

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS

Long Term Resource Monitoring Program standard operating procedures:

Production Arcedit Digitizing

6. AUTHOR(S)

Lynne Arndt and Doug Olsen

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION

National Biological Service

Environmental Management Technical Center

575 Lester Avenue

Onalaska, Wisconsin 54636

 REPORT NUMBER

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING

National Biological Service 

Environmental Management Technical Center 95-P008-3

575 Lester Avenue

Onalaska, Wisconsin 54650

 AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

Release unlimited. Available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161 

(1-800-553-6847 or 703-487-4650)

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

This chapter describes the procedures for digital data entry to be used by the staff at the Environmental Management Technical Center. Included are procedures for creating a

coverage, registering a base map, digitizing with an automated program (Production ARCEDIT), generating topology for a coverage, and attributing. The two main issues

during this procedure are digitizing error and quality control. The Appendixes contain forms and other information needed for the digital data entry procedure.

14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES

Digitize, coverage, topology, error, quality control 12 pp. + Appendixes A-K

16. PRICE CODE

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

 OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified
The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) for the Upper

Mississippi River System was authorized under the Water Resources

Development Act of 1986 as an element of the Environmental Management

Program. The mission of the LTRMP is to provide river managers with

information to maintain the Upper Mississippi River System as a sustainable

large river ecosystem given its multiple-use character. The LTRMP is a

cooperative effort by the National Biological Service, the U.S. Army Corps of

Engineers, and the States of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin.