WASHINGTON, D. C.

COMMERCIAL STANDARDS MONTHLY

Monthly News Bulletin of Commercial Standards Group. Bureau of Standards.

larch 15 th, 1929 S'. F TILLMAN Editor No 43

TABLE OE CONTENTS

Par agraphs

Appendix 32

P UTLDTNG AND HOUSING

Building Code. ............... 26

COMMERCIAL STANDARDS

Commercial Standards Unit . ... . 12

D IS TRIBUT ION

Business Mortality Study Begun... 15

Business Control Methods .18 Dry Goods Cost Study . .16 Standard Accounting Plan. .17

ELI MI NATI ON OF WASTE

A 1929 Plat form 31

Yardstick Measurement. 30

M ARINE STANDARDS

Committee News 11

[mew PUBLICATI ONS

Bureau of Standards 33

Supplement Directory 34

Commerce Yearbook. ... 35

Airway Marking... .. ...36

I a ra graphs

RESEARCH

Forms Association 24

Improved Equipment 21

Highway Report 28

Orifice Meters Report 23

Research Bureau 25

Research Groups Organize 19

Slag Bridges 20

SIMPLIFIED PRACTICE

A Remedy 4

Division of Simplified Practice... ..... 2 Cap Standards... 8

Consumers and Simplified Practice 10

Results and Benefits 1 Simplifies Designs 5 Simplification Census Completed. 3 Simplified Invoice League 7

Simplified Practice Saves Company 9

tandardize Color Signals 6

SPE CIFICATI ONS

Engine Testing 13 Air Groups Meet 14

UTILIZATION OF WASTE

Use of Waste Wood

Wood Utilization Plan 28

End Matched Lumber Approved 29

SIMPLIFIED PRACTICE GUARDS AGAINST OVER-INVESTMENT

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Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 43

SIMPLIFIED PRACTTC7

Fd',m‘ n W, F ly.

Address all inquiries regarding Simplified Practice to Mr. Edwin W. Ely, Division of Simplified Practice, United States Department of Commerce, Washington, D. C.

1 . RESULTS AND BENEFITS

Results and Benef 1 ts of .Applying; Si mpl 1 f j ed Prapfi n q To Woven-?? i r e Fencing .

By - H. P. Dalzell

(Research Section)

Undoubtedly, the greatest single factor operating for the successful application of Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 9-28, is the high degree of adherence

it has been accorded by the manufacturers. In the years 1925 and 1926, fencing made

in accordance with the recommendation represented, respectively 97 and 99 per cent of

the total output of the accepters. This in spite of the fact that the original recom- mendation reduced the styles of fencing from 552 to 69 or 88 per cent and. sizes of

fence packages from 2,072 to 138, or 93 per cent. The general conference of the industry adopted this recommendation in July, 1923 and it remained unchanged until May

1928. At that time the simplified list was further reduced to 62 styles of fencing and

117 sizes of packages.

Such faithful support of the program on the part of the manufacturers is evidence of their high estimate of its advantages, but tells us nothing of the distributers' or users' attitude. In an effort to get a complete picture of this simplified

practice in operation the department addressed a general letter to each accepter asking

for a frank appraisal of benefits of the program in the light of his own experience,

and suggestions as to how it might be improved.

Wholesale and retail hardware dealers credit inventory reduction and increased

turnover to simplified practice. One said: "While we can not state exactly the value of

simplification in this particular line, we estimate that this practice has increased

our net profits on fencing at least 25 per cent. This is due to less invested capital

and a much quicker turnover."

Consumers are enjoying better service, more dependable quality, and protection

against under-gauge products when they purchase the simplified styles of fencing. That

they are quick to realize these advantages can be seen from the fact that distributors

have no trouble in suggesting and substituting simplified sizes and styles when customers

call for sizes that have been eliminated.
Commercial Standards Monthly - No, 48,

Among the benefits listed by the manufacturers are: smaller inventories,

quicker turnover, reduced warehouse space requirements and less interruptions for re- adjustment of machinery. The following, coming as it does, from a small manufacturer,

is interesting: "We have never figured out in dollars and cents what the simplified

practice means to us. but no doubt it would amount to quite a sum in the course of a years business, although wg are only small producers of wcven -wi re f ence

The complete results of this survey have been summarized in a five page mimeographed circular which can be had upon request.

2 . DIVISIQR OF SIMPLIFIED PRACTICE,

Lead Penci l^: The acceptance of the modification to the simplification program for lead

pencils which was placed before the acceptors of the original schedule has reached

practically the same volume as the original schedule. This recommendation will be sent

to the Government Printer in the near future and will be issued as one of the publications in the Elimination of Waste Series.

Dental Hy pod e rmic Needl oq. The report of the meeting to consider the simplification

of these needles has been completed and sent to all manufacturers for their comments.

The Simplified Practice Committee of the industry appointed at the meeting will receive

comments and suggestions on the tentative schedule and will perform all necessary

work in connection with the completion of the program to be used as the basis for

a general conference of all interests.

Bright Wirp Goo ds: Interest has been revived in the simplification of bright wire

goods, a project started some time ago. These goods include brass and steel wire screw

eyes, screws, hooks, and gate hooks and eyes. Indications are that this project will

be carried along the basis of the original suggestion, - that is, the elimination of

the seldom-called-for sizes and numbers.

Shoe Go r ing : A meeting of manufacturers of shoe goring was held in New York on February 14th, to which a representative of the Division was invited for the purpose of ex- plaining the cooperative service of the Division. A Simplified Practice Committee of

the industry was appointed which is now engaged in drawing up a tentative recommendation

from the results of a survey conducted by the Webbing Manufacturers' Exchange. When

this work is completed another meeting will be held.

Restaurant Guest Checks : A meeting of manufacturers of these checks was held in Washington on February 21 to consider simplification of such checks. A tentative schedule

has been drawn up as the result of that meeting, and is now before the manufacturers

for their suggestions and comments. A tentative recommendation will be drawn up from

the returns, to be used as the basis for a general conference of all interests.

Soft Fi bre Cordage : A meeting of manufacturers of Soft Fibre Cordage, that is, cordage

made of jute, hemp or istle, was held in New York on February 18. A Simplified Practice

Committee of the industry was formed at that meeting. The conferees considered a report

of varietiesin current demand, from which a tentative schedule has been drawn. This

schedule is now before the manufacturers for suggestions and comments. The returns will

be used as the^Jbasis for an agenda for a general conference of all interests.
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Welded Chain ; The Division has received a sufficient number of signed acceptances from

manufacturers, distributors, and users, for Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 100 - Welded Chain - to insure the general adoption of the recommendation by the industry as

a whole. The recommendation is therefore announced as effective forthwith.

Sterling; Silver Flatware : The Standing Committee for Simplified Practice Recommendation

No. 54 - Sterling Silver Flatware, has reaffirmed the existing schedule without change,

for another year. A survey conducted by the Standing Committee of the industry indicated the degree of adherence to the recommendation to be 95 per cent. Through the

development of this simplification, the industry reduced the varieties of basic patterns

and dies from 190 to 61

Malleable Foundry R ef factorie s : The Standing Committee for Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 79 - Malleable Foundry Refractories, has reaffirmed the existing schedule,

without change, for another year. This program, as developed by the industry, reduced

the varieties from 188 to 15. Accoding to the report of the Standing Committee, the

adherence to this program is 65 per cent.’

Roofing; Slat e: The Standing Committee for Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 14 - Roofing Slate, has reaffirmed the existing schedule (First Revision} without change,

for another year. Through the development of this program the industry reduced the

varieties from 98 to 49.

Floor Sweeps : A sufficient number of acceptances having been received for Simplified

Practice Recommendation No. 88 - Floor Sweeps, the Division announces that this program is now in effect. This simplification reduced the varieties of floor sweeps from

11 to 6, or an elimination of 45 per cent.

B lackboard Slate: The Standing Committee for Simplified Practice Recommendation No.

14, Blackboard Slate, has reaffirmed the existing schedule, without change, for another

year. Through the development of this simplified program, the industry reduced the

varieties of slab heights and sizes from 251 to 52, or an elimination of 79 per cent.

Structural Slate for P lumbing and Sanitary Purposes

The Standing Committee for Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 13 - Structural Slate for Plumbing and Sanitary Purposes

(First Revision) has reaffirmed the existing schedule, without change, for another year.

This program reduced the varieties from 827 to 138.

Ice Cake Siz es: A sufficient number of acceptances having been received, the Division

announces that Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 96, Ice Cake Sizes, is now in

effect. Through the promulgation of this simplification industry established five

standard weights with maximum dimensions.

Forms Bureau : In last month's issue of "The Commercial Standards Monthly," comment

was made on a contemplated organization of a simplification and standardization bureau

by the National Retail Dry Goods Association. At the 18th Annual meeting of the National Retail Dry Goods Association held last month in New York City, The Conference unanimously adopted resolutions recommending the establishment of a central research bureau

to determine simplified and standardized specifications. This action now waits the

official action of the Board of Directors of the Association
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Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 43

Industrial C ollege: Last month a representative of the Division of Simplified Practice

addressed the student body of the Array Industrial College in Washington, D. C., cn the

subject of Elimination of Waste through Simplification and Standardization. The students

are all officers of the regular army, navy, and marine corps, studying war-time procurement plans of the War Department. The work being done in peacetime by industry,

through simplified practice, will prove of invaluable assistance in the advent the War

Department has to meet a National emergency.

Armv A ides Simp l ific at io n: The part that the Army or rather the Quartermaster Corps,

is playing in the National picture of Simplification, was recently told to the Quartermaster Reserve Officers of Washington, D. C., by Captain Edwin M. Scott, U. S. A. In his address Captain Scott said that the Army had, and is still eliminating several

varieties of items of equipment, and concentrating on as few varieties as practicable.

P rint ed Rec o mmend at ions : Copies of the printed pamphlets for -Simplified Practice

Recommendation No. 73, Iron and Steel Roofing; Simplified Practice Redommendation

No, 19; Asbestos Paper and Asbestos Millboard; Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 92 - Hard Fiber Twine, and Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 9, Woven W

: ire Fencing,

are now available for purchase through the Superintendent of Documents, Government

Printing Office, Washington, D. C., at 5 cents a copy.

New Publications : A mimeographed list of completed simplified practice recommendations,

and commercial standards, numbering 101, in all, may be secured without cost by addressing the Division of Simplified Practice, United States Department of Commerce, Room

316, Commerce Building, Washington, D. C.

Po c ket Kniv es: Acceptances of Simplified Practice Recommendation No. 99 - Pocket

Knives - have been coming in very satisfactorily and it is felt that the Division will

be able to announce within a short time that it has received the signed support of 80

per cent (by volume of business) of the industry.

Tubular Pivo ts : It was recently suggested that tubular rivets and eyelets were susceptible of simplification. The industry is now circularizing all manufacturers to as- certain whether or not there is a need for simplification in their industry. Replies

to date indicate that a reduction in the varieties would be of considerable benefits to all concerned.

Ste el Bathroom and Medi c ine Cabinets ; The Simplified Practice Committee of the steel

bathroom and medicine cabinet industry, at a meeting held in Chicago on February 8th,

drafted a tentative simplified practice recommendation covering steel bathroom and

medicine cabinet and has requested the Division to call a general conference of all

interests to consider the program for approval. It is probable that this meeting will

be held in the latter part of March, or early in April.

Glass Contain ers for Preserves , Jellies and Appl e B ut ter: The Division is in receipt

of advice from the Counsel of National Preservers Association and the Chairman of Standing Committee, that Simplified Practice Recommendation No. SI for Glass Containers, for

Preserves, Jellies and Apple Butter has been accepted by packers and distributors representing more than 30 per cent of the volume of production. The effective date lor the
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Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 48

program is January 1, 1929, for new production and January 1, 1930 for clearance of

eliminated varieties.

Eottles for Carbonated Beverages: A satisfactory response is being made by manufacturers in connection with the variety survey to ascertain facts concerning production and

demand for various types of bottles. This data will be used in the preparation of a consolidated report for the information of the Joint Simplified Practice Committee in

developing a tentative simp.ified practice recommendation covering capacities, heights,

diameters and weights of glass.

Ho spital P lumbing F ixtures : At a preliminary conference held in Chicago, on February

20th, attended by hospital consultants, manufacturers and architects, a simplified list

of sizes, dimensions, etc. of hospital plumping fixtures was recommended. This tentative recommendation will be used as a basis for the adoption of a definite simplified

practice recommendation, at a subsequent general conference of all concerned . to be held

under the auspices of the Division of Simplified Practice.

Buffing Whee ls: The Simplified Practice Committee of the industry is now working on the

preparation of a questionnaire to ascertain the production and demand for the various

types of buffing wheels. From the figures obtained the Simplified Practice Committee

will work out a tentative recommendation for diameters, plys, sewing, weights, grades,

etc

Luggage: At the request of the National Luggage Dealers Association the Division is

making plans for a general conference of manufacturers, distributers and users as well

as express, steamship and puliman companies. The sizes recommended by the dealers

association will be used as the agenda for discussion at a meeting, the date of which

will be announced in the near future.

Tight Cooperage: The Division has received a request from the Associated Cooperage

Industries of America to arrange for a general conference of manufacturers, distributors and users of tight wooden barrels and kegs for the purpose of adopting a simplified practice recommendation covering definite dimensions for staves, heading, bilge

circumference, etc. The recoemmnded sizes w’orked out by the Simplified Practice Committee of the industry will be used as the agenda for discussion at the conference, the

date of which will be announced in the future.

What It Is and What It Of f ers : The revised pamphlet of the Division of Simplified Practice, "What it is and What It Offers." is now available to the public, through the

Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., at 15 cent3

a copy. This booklet is a summary of the activities of the Division of Simplified

Practice and a description of the services offered to American industries by the Division .

3. SIMPLIFICATION CENSUS COMPLETED

The results of the recently coapleted survey by the Druggists Research Bureau

of toilet goods stocks carried by, the druggists of the country are announced in "Drug

Topics" for January, 1929. Stores were classified by volume of daily sales in three

classes, under $60; $60 to $100, and $100 a day. The survey brought out that the
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Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 48

largest stores carry larger assortments than smaller ones, but stores in the smallest

places were found to have less extensive stock than stores of the same size in the largest cities.

On the average, the largest stores reported having the most fast sellers.

Over 50 per cent of the average number of brands of face powders carried by drug stores

of all classifications were reported slow sellers, as were almost 40 per cent of shaving

preparations, over 40 per cent of tooth pastes, over 50 per cent of cold creams, over 65

per cent of talcum powders, and about 55 per cent of hair tonics carried. The survey

brought out that druggists generally purchase all of their toilet items, with the ex- ception of fast sellers, in quarter and half dozen lots. The number of brands carried

by stores of the same size in different parts of the country was reported to vary little

with the exception of the Pacific Coast States, where the tendency was noted for stocks

to be somewhat more expensive than elsewhere, and the Southeastern States, returns from

which were too few to permit generalization.

The object of the survey was announced to be the collection and classification

of the facts about stock control in important lines of toilet goods from druggists in

every part of the country so that druggists everywhere might know the situation in their

locality and be able to determine on ths basis of the census, the amount of stock on various lines' in the toilet goods department which will produce the greatest possible

profits, turnover, and sales.

4 . A REMEDY

"What is the remedy for 'profitless prosperity!"? is the title of an article

by Mr. Edward A. Filene, President of William Filene's Sons Company appearing in "ADVERTISING AND SELLING," After a thorough discussion of the problem, Mr. Filene

expresses the belief that the answer is to be found in the universal adoption of the most

scientific mass methods of production and distribution.

"By these terms I mean the processes by which greatly increased quantities of

articles are made at low cost through the practical elimination of overhead expense per

unit and the elimination of great wastes," said Mr. Filene in his article, adding that

"the principles of mass production, which enable it to drive other methods out of com- petition, are axiomatic and quite simple. They are briefly: (1) Scientific management

and improved machinery increase the output per man; (2) Simplification and Standardization of products also add enormously to the volume; (3) Overhead expense is reduced,

through the volume of production, to the point where the charge against each unit is

relatively small."

5 . SIMPL IFIED DESIGNS

A large public utility, operating in Western Pennsylvania, has in the past

few years transferred a number of its 25 kv. indoor controls to outdoor equipment, and

from time to time improvements have been macde in the methods used. The original standard sub-station bay has been superseded by a greatly simplified design which allows

a saving of some 10 per cent in ground area per double bay, without sacrificing clearances, etc.
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Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 48

As a result of the new design, the number of items of steel were reduced from

54 to 9. In turn, the number of pieces per double bay was reduced from 355 to 284, a reduction of 20% without undue loss of strength of ruggedness. All of the necessary

pieces are double punched which eliminates there being any right or left ahnd pices.

A number of unused holes in the steel is the result which, however, seems warranted due

to the simplification effected. The weight of the steel was reduced approximately 22%

per double bay. This also allowed quite a saving in erection costs. A new grouping

of controls expedites and simplifies the removal of a line from service to clear it for

maintenance and repairs. The new dimensions of the double bay allowed the use of

lighter steel for the struts but necessitated use of larger and longer copper tubinf ror both main and reserve buses. However, the added size and strength of the new bus tubing

was more than offset by the elimination of 17 rather expensive interchangeable insulator

uni ts

The rugged simplicity and comparative compactness of the new structure makes

it adaptable to general use, no matter how large or small the new station requirements

may be. Ease of assembly and operation have been obtained but not at the expdnse

of economy.

6 . STANDARDIZE COL OR SIGNAL S

The French Minister of Public Works is studying a project entailing the com- plete national standardization of the colored signal lights used on French railroads,

based on a plan submitted by the French Railway Commission. The plan involves the use

of three clearly-defined colors; green, red and yellow-orange, indicating respectively:

"track clear ahead," "stop" and "Warning, slow down," It is proposed to keep all

signals illuminated night and day. Up to the present time the use of all signals illuminated night and day. Up to the present time the use of signals has varied from one French railway to another. A national standard for all railways has long been sought

and the present project represents the initial step toward a much needed reform. The

actual changes to be made throughout France presumably will require a period of from 5 to 6 years to complete.

7 . SIMPLIF IED INVOI CE LEAGUE.

"The simplified invoice offers a means of eliminating waste for it will re- duce checking, paying, reporting, filing and finding expenses. Those familiar with the

evil of customer invoices know how they disrupt office routine and increase cost of

billing. Those executives who desire to free themselves from the customer invoice evil

have their opportunity now. They need merely urge upon all venders, no matter how big,

the use of the simplified invoice." Such an opinion was voiced in the columns of the

January issue of "The New England Purchasor."

The February issue of "The Oklahoma City Purchasor" carries the following

pertinent remarks: "To these firms (now using the simplified invoice form) the Oklahoma City Purchasor wishes to express appreciation for their consideration of the needs

of the purchasing and accounting departments of the customers and feels that this ex- presses the views of the entire membership of our association. To those firms who have
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Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 48

not yet seen their way to adopt the simplified form in their billing, we would suggest, that, in the first place, an invoice is a document made up for the sole convenience

of the customer and he is entitled to have one that will save his time. To meet that

condition many have devised a form of their own and demanded its use by suppliers. Thus

the Customer's Invoice nuisance arose. The new form eliminates the need for that entirely, but the customer is entitled to its adoption by suppliers."

"In the second place, many suppliers are no doubt justifiably proud of the

neat and artistic design of their own particular invoice form and base a degree of con- fidence in its advertising value. Now we ask, what kind of an impression is likely

to be made on any purchasor when he tries hurriedly to find a shipping date, an invoice

date, a discount or term of payment, an f.o.b. point, a car number, a routing, a shipping point, an invoice number, an order number, or any such, and has to hunt all over

the invoice to find it, or even find that it is missing altogether? How does he feel

when he tries to file in an accessible manner an invoice of neat postage stamp dimensions, or to fold and file neatly and quickly one of table cloth proportions? Is there

any "advertising" better than giving a purchasor what will help him do his work better

and quicker."

"Finally, the Simplified Invoice Form is the combined work of men from many

industries and is designed so as to take care of any one's particular needs. And so, we say, get wise to the situation, and at least look into the matter. Have one of our members give you a sample copy and explain its advantages. But by all means, if and

when you adopt it for your billing, make no changes in form or size other than those

indicated on the sample, for by so doing you destroy the usefulness of the form in the

purpose for which it is intended."

Some one has facetiously defined a bill or invoice as a sheet usually showing

p art of' the necessary details regarding materials purchased. These sheets usually

have more sizes, shapes and headings than any other commercial instrument. The simplified invoice form does away with all these disadvantages.

It is reported that 52% of the national manufacturers, large jobbing houses

and distributors in the Southwest, and 33|% of the local companies and small jobbers

are using the simplified invoice form,

Mr. Walter Kirkman, Purchasing Agent for the Central Purchasing Bureau of the

State of Maryland, says that their office furnishes its own invoices to the dealers

and that they have always used the simplified invoice form.

"Industrial Organization and Management," a recent book, carries a replica

of the simplified invoice form on Pages 236 and 237, with explanatory statements.

Some remarks taken at random from correspondence received from purchasing

agents follows:

"***** j believe in due course of time, we will be receiving 100% simplified

invoices, which will be a great help ia filing and also keeping record of these invoices .
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Commercial Standards Monthly -Ho. 48

"We really believe this form to be a great help in speeding up office routine

and certainly are for it, having adopted it about a year ago."

"I feel quite sure that all Purchasing Departments that have a large number

of invoices to handle each day would welcome a uniform form. The space alloted to customer's use is particularly desirable as we find that on at least 50% of the invoices coming into this Department, there isn't room enough on the face to accommodate

our approval stamp, which is about the size of the space you have allotted for customer's use."

"We are in hearty accord with this simplified form and would like to see it universally adopted."

The New England Purchasing Agent's Association still leads in the number of

reports forwarded by its members, with the Purchasing Agents Association of Philadelphia " close on their heels . " These Associations have done splendid work in this survey , 59 and 55

reports respectively have been received. Other Associations and firms are cooperating

in this survey and are to be commended for the surveys they have submitted.

The Division of Simplified Practice invites all firms and associations to review their incoming invoices over a period of ten (10) to fifteen (15) days, and then

inform the Division as to the number which conform in all respects to the simplified

invoice form. Invoices which only partly conform to this standard should not be

counted Our intention is to publish these reports in succeeding issues of the Commercial Standards Monthly. Our purpose is to promote the general adoption of this

form, wherever possible and practicable in the movement for elimination of waste. For

the current report of the league see Appendix.

8 . CAP STANDARDS .

According to Mr. P. C. Dodge, Chairman of the Standardization Committee of

the Glass Container Association of America, the glass and cap finish standards developed

by the Glass industry, have been accepted by manufacturers producing 95 per cent of the

catsup bottles, and by 100 per cent of the manufacturers of the caps.

9 • SIMPLIFI ED PRA CTICE SAVES COMPANY

A story of how the application of Simplified Practice saved one firm from

going out of business, is told by Mr, H. R. Simonds in a recent issue of Iron Trade

Review. In his story Mr. Simonds said that the character of management will determine the

destiny of a concern, and then proceeds to illustrate this statement by a concrete case.

Mr. George C. Soule was selected by the bankers that had taken over the management cf

a company to bring order out of confusion, which he did, through a simplification program.
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Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 48

10 . CONSUMERS AND SIMPLI FIED PR ACTI CE

That the average individual citizen is interested in simplified practice and

wants to know more about it, is attested to by letters received by the Division of

Simplified Practice. Recently Mrs. Albert Hayden , Chairman of the Family Finance Department of Middle North District , General Federation of Women's Clubs, Tiffin, Ohio,

telegraphed the Division for 50 copies of a speech delivered by Ray M. Hudson, the Assistant Director of the Bureau of Standards, in charge of the Commercial Standards

Group, before the annual convention of the general Federation of Women's Clubs held

last summer in San Antonio, Texas.

The theme of this address was "Increasing the Purchasing Power of the Con- sumers Dollar." The individual occupies a prominent part in the movement to eliminate

waste through simplification and standardization, for if he, or she, will concentrate,

his or her daily purchases of the staple articles, upon the simplified lines, merchants

will very quickly drop the non-profitable items. Why buy five varieties of one article

when one will answer the same purpose?

MARINE STANDARDS

A. V. Bo ui llo p

All inquiries for information pertaining to the work of the American Marine

Standards Committee, should be addressed to the Secretary, Mr. A. V. Bouillon, United

States Department of Commerce, Washington. D C.

11. COMMI TTEE NEWS

The Executive Board has recently held two meetings at which the following

principle items of business were transacted; Messrs. E. L. Steward, W. W. Smith

and A. S. Hebble, Chairman respectively of the Technical Committee on "Hull Details"

"Engineering Details," and "Ship Operation Details and Supplies" were appointed advisory members to the Board.

The following applications for membership were approved:

Richfield Oil Company of California, Los Angeles, California; Tregoning Boat Company,

Seattle, Washington; The Upson-Walton Company, Cleveland, Ohio; Pacific Steamship Company, Seattle, Washington.

The project to standardize uniforms for Merchant Marine Officers was ordered

to be proceeded with. Proposed standard rules to cover certain principal details of

hull construction were ordered to be further developed for submittal to the membership.

A suggestion was approved to develop standards for ends of beams or strong backs and

sockets in deck hatches. The following standards were approved for promulgation:
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Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 48

Chinaware for ship equipment - Kinds and sizes: Caps for tubular steel cargo

booms (superseding standard approved at meeting of May 23, 1928): Lifeboat disengaging

apparatus - General specifications; The rat proofing of ships - General instructions;

Chocks for ships; Plain open chocks; Plain closed chocks; Open chocks with one end roller; Closed chocks with one end roller; Open roller chocks; Closed roller chocks;

Chocks with center pillar, plain ends; Chocks with center pillar, one plain and one roller ends; Chocks with center pillar and roller ends.

The Chairman was authorized to appoint a special standing committee on interpretation of standards, the function of which will be to decide questions that may rise

in the use of the marine standards promulgated by the Committee, particularly as to their

meaning. The following officers were elected for the year 1929:

Chairman, Colonel E. A. Simmons, President. Simmons-Board.inan Publishing Company, New York, New York; Vice Chairman, Captain R. D. Gatewood, (CC) , U S. N., Manager, Maintenance and Repair Division, U. S. S. B. Merchant Fleet Corporation, New York,

New York; Secretary, A. V. Bouillon, Room 312, Commerce Building, Washington, D. C.

Proposed standard rules for design and construction of marine boilers and

pressure vessels and a proposed standard specification for marine boiler steel plates

have been submitted to the membership and others concerned for critical comment

A preliminary draft of proposed standard, specifications for wire ropes for

marine uses has been developed and is about to be submitted to the technical committees.

Progress is being made on revised preliminary drafts of proposed standards

for flanged pipe fittings.

Publication AMSC 51 containing approved standard regulations for stability

and loading of ships was recently distributed,

Organization of a technical committee on port, facilities is expected to be

completed at an early date.
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COMMERCIAL STAMP ARDS

I. J. Fairchild

Address all inquiries on the subject of Commercial Standards to Mr. I. J. Fairchild, Commercial Standards Unit, Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C.

11. COMMERCIAL STAMP ARCS UNIT

The principle of "caveat emptor" has become hopelessly inapplicable to current, commerce and progressive producers are planning to protect their trade brands, reputation and good will by certifying to the consumer that the quality conforms to nationally

recognized commercial standards, particularly in those fields where quality can not

readily be determined by the average individual. This trend is evident by the con- stantly increasing number of requests for our cooperation in the establishment of com- mercial standards.

ST03CARD SOLVENT

The Commercial Standard CS3-28, covering Stoddard Solvent (Dry Cleaning), has

been issued in printed form by the Department of Commerce. It covers detailed reyuirements as to appearance, color, odor, flash point, distillation range, acidity, and absorption, and includes methods of sampling and testing adopted by the entire industry

as a means toward establishing a better understanding between producers and consumers

on what constitutes a satisfactory quality of this important solvent used by the drycleaning industry. Copies may be obtained at 10 cents each from the Supreintendent of

Documents, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D C

BRESS_£ATTSRNi •

The general conference of producers, distributors, consumers, and educators,

held in New York City on February 7th, adopted a Recommended Commercial Standard for

Dress Patterns covering corresponding body measurements and widths of materials recognized as standard for pattern layouts and for listing on dress patterns. A report of

the conference including the detailed recommendations which are to become effective not

later than January 1, 1930, has been distributed to interested organizations for written

acceptance. Copies may be obtained upon request from the Commercial Standards Unit,

Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C., or from the Bureau of Costume Art, National Retail Dry Goods Association, 225 West 34th Street, New York, New York.

TEMPLATE HARDWARE

A recommended Commercial Standard for Template Hardware, as approved by the

Advisory Committee on Standardization of Builders’ Hardware and the Hollow Metal Door

and Trim Manufacturers Association, has just been sent to interested orgznizations for

written acceptance. It covers detailed dimensions of cylinder locks, lock fronts and

strikes, as well as the regular t„pes of butts and binges used with hollow metal doors,

copies may be obtained upon request from the Commercial Standards Unit, Bureau of

Standards, Washington, D. C.
-13-

Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 43

BRASS PIPE NIPPLES

Announcements have been issued to the effect that the Recommended Commercial

Standard for Brass Pipe Nipples has been accorded the necessary support to warrant

publication by the Department of Commerce and therefore may be listed among the rapidly

growing number of successful commercial standards established by the voluntary cooperation of industry.

FUEL OILS

The Recommended Commercial Standard for Domestic and Industrial Fuel Oils was distributed for written acceptances to a long list of oil refiners, distributors, and

consumers, as well as to manufacturers of oil burning equipment. Many commendatory com- ments have been received regarding this important step toward a better understanding

between oil refiners and consumers. Numerous acceptances are being received from re- fining companies as a basis of production and from consumers as a guide to purchases.

The recommended specification, together with acceptance form will be mailed upon request

addressed to the Commercial Standards Unit, Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C.

WALL P APER

A standardization committee was appointed at a recent convention of the Wall

Paper Manufacturers Association to draft tentative specifications for Commercial Standard

Grades of wall paper. The committee is conducting numerous tests from the consumer viewpoint to determine the most satisfactory grade for paper stock and the fastness of

various colors used. A meeting is tentatively scheduled for March 21st, at which time

the results of tests will be considered for incorporation into a proposed specification.

HICKORY G OLF SHAFTS

The Hickory Golf Shaft Manufacturers Association has formulated tentative

specifications for hickory shafts for golf clubs. A committee from this organization

has cooperated with a committee from the Golf Club Manufacturers Association in rounding

out the specification, which, when finally approved by the producers, will be offered

to consumers, distributors, and general interests for comment and criticism at a general

conference

SPECIFICATIONS

A. S. McA lli ster .

Address all inquiries on matters pertaining to Specifications and Certification and Labeling Plan, to A. S. McAllister, Division of Specifications, Eureau of

Standards, Washington, D. C.

13. ENGINE TESTING

One year ago this month the Bureau of Standards began testing new commercial

airplane engines as a basis for the granting of approved type certificates by the

Aeronautics Branch of the Department of Commerce. The type certificate authorizes the use in licensed aircraft of any engine conforming to the specifications of the engine

submitted for type test and specifies th« sp**d and power rating of such engines.
Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 48

To date, 21 typo tests have been undertaken by the Bureau of Standards, and

of this number, 4 have been withdrawn, 11 have failed, and 6 have completed the test

successfully. The results indicate the importance of type testing as a protection to the public. The number of airplane engines intended primarily for commercial use which

are under development at the present time exceeds all estimates made last year, and the

Bureau is planning to install additional testing facilities in the near future.

1 4 . AIR_GROUPS_MEET

The fifth annual Army-Navy Conference for the standardization of Aeronautical

materials and parts was held in Philadelphia last month. Drawings and specifications

were considered by the conference. It is held by interested officials that the results

of this conference are destined to have a far-reaching effect on the aircraft industry

and its current development.

W ILL I NG-TQ-CERTIFY MANUFACTURERS

There has been compiled by the National Bureau of Standards 248 lists of such

firms, about 2000 separate companies, as have exressed to the Bureau their desire to have their names placed on the lists of manufacturers, willing, when requested to do

so, to certify to purchasers that material supplied in accordance with the designated

248 United States Government master specifications complies with the requirements and

tests ox these specifications, and is so guaranteed by them. Copies of any of these

lists of manufacturers, which are now being prepared for distribution, can be obtained

upon request.

The groups of commodities covered by the specifications to which the certification plan has been applied, together with numerical references to the individual

specifications are as follows:

BRUSHES AND BROOMS

191 201 395 406a 518

192 202 397 407 519

193 203 398 511 520

194 204 399a 512 521

195a 205 400 513 522

196 206 401a 514 523

197 207 402 515 524

1S8 208a 403 515 525

199 332 404a 517 526

200 333a 405

BUILDERS HARDWARE

336

CEMENT , PORTLAND

ELECTRI C AL SUPPLIES

23b 58 175 311

55 62 291 312

57 65 292

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS .AND LIQUID

36a 124 213

GLASS

123

INKS

163 165 265a 379

164 166 266a

la LEATHER GOODS

37 183 184 241
-15-

Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 48

LIME AND PLASTER

247 248 249 250

LIQUID MEASURING DEVICES

362

PACKING AND GASKETS

93 100 105 108 487

95 101c 106 485

99 102 107 486

PADLOCKS

413a

PAINTS AND PAINT MATERIALS

4b 10b 16 22 278

5 11 17 66 283

6 12 18b 67 375

7b 13b 19 115 376

8 14b 20a 137a 475b

9 15 21b 239a 476

PAPER

127a 135a 182a 324 330

128a 177 a 319 325 331a

129a 178a 320 326 425

130a 179 321 327 425

131a 180 322 328 484a

132a 181 323 329

PIPE AND PIPE FITTINGS

162a 342a 393 535

242 343a 430

REFRACTORIES

268a 334a 335a

RIBBONS . TYPEWRITER. ETC

167a 168a 169a

ROAD AND PAVING MATERIALS

275 277 280 282

276a 279 281

ROOFINGBITUMINOUS AND WATERPROOFING

80 84 88 296

81 85 214 380

82 83 294 423

83 87 295 424

ROPE WIRE

297

SAFES, BURGULAR . RESISTING

363

S CALES. RAI LR OAD TRACK

314

SCREWS, WOOD

52a

SOAPS AND SCOURING COMPOUNDS

26 29 32 35 245

27 30 33a 244

28 31 34a 245

TABLEWARE . SILVERPLATED

411

TEXTILES

Bed Supplies

301 302 303 304

CaiEeis and Rugs

501 502 503

Chees ecloth

251a 252b 253b 344

Denmim. Briown and Blue

254b 255a 256b 257a

Buck

Cotton

53 159 160

Rags and Waste

259a 261a 253a

20 262a 264
- 16-

Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 48

§I!it Shade Cloth

367b 555b

Miscel laneous

422 497a 499 540 557

466 493 500 556

TUBING, METALLIC

287 347 349 427a

DISTRIBUTION

15 . FUSINESS MORTALITY STUDY B EGUM

The study of business mortality which the Domestic Commerce Diision is undertaking is being started in Louisville, Kentucky, in connection with the food distribution survey now being conducted here. The study of the causes of failures or retail

establishments will be concentrated particularly on such factors as organization, financial structure, credit extension methods, and ratio of investment and inventories, to volume of sales. It is anticipated that a diagnosis of individual businesses will

furnish important data not only on the principal causes of failure, but also on con- tributing factors.

16 , £R7_G00DS_C0ST_STUDY

The inadequacy of a single turnover figure for a department or a line of goods

carried was brought out in a special analysis of 1927 turnover in the hosiery and knit

goods department of the wholesale dry goods house whose distribution costs are being

analyzed by the Domestic Commerce Division, of the Department of Commerce. The one control

figure which the buyer had established for the whole department for that year was a 2.2

turnover. For the purposes of the analysis all of the items in this department were grouped into 24 sub-departments, examination of which brought out grave discrepancies

between the volume of sales furnished by a commodity and the percentage it represents

of the total inventory of the department. Items were found to range from 10 to 0.3

turns for the year. There v/as sufficient inventory of the last item to take care of

three years' sales. Further analysis of men's hose as representing a line within the

department reveals a turnover ranging from about 8 turns a year on cotton bundle hose

to less than 2 turns on fancy wool hose. The problems of color obsolescence was found

especially serious in hosiery.

17 . STANDARD accounti ng plan

The Journal of Commerce reports the adoption by the Wholesale Dry Goods Institute at its recent convention of a. system of uniform classification of accounts to provide comparable expense figures for the trade. The plan is for the Institute to secure confidential reports a.nd percentages showing the proportion of expense for the

various items in different houses for the same general volume grouping. This interchange of information, it is anticipated, will not only enable members to see v/here they

are ahead or behind but will make it possible for the Institute without revealing the

identity of firms" to study and report on the methods of houses unusually successful in

maintaining a. low figure for particular expense items.
-17-

Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 43

18 . BUSINESS CONTROL METHODS

The following methods of business control for successful retailing are recom- mended by the Bureau of Business and Government Research, University of Colorado,

Boulder, Colorado.

(1) Operate the business on a strict budget plan. Budget sales, purchases, ex- penses, and profits for a year in advance, and check monthly actual performance against estimates.

(2) Study salaries and wages.

(a) Keep comparative sales records of individuals to compare with amount of

salary

(b) Assign personnel definite repsonsibilities , and plan tasks in advance so

as to eliminate lost motion or idle time.

(c) Give more attention to salesmanship training.

(d) Insist on suggestive selling.

(3) Study to reduce taxes and insurance through overstock elimination.

(4) Study methods of reducing delivery expense by establishing regular schedules

to avoid unnecessary trips. Utilize the time of delivery men in other productive activities.

(5) Establish a definite credit policy and adhere to it as closely as possible.

Make careful selection of credit risks and adopt systematic methods of collecting outstanding accounts.

(6) Study and adopt the most effective methods of advertising. Increased expenditures for this purpose should be rewarded with increased sales and profits.

(7) Devote more time to the larger activities of the business, planning for sales

and studying the methods of the more successful dealers.

RESEARCH

19. RESEAR CH GROUPS ORG ANIZE

One of the services offered by the School of Business Research Admini s t rut ion

of the University of Michigan, is the organization of Research Croups for the exchange

of figures. Cooperating stores report their departmental figures to the school monthly

and receive the recapitulated figures for all stores reporting. Members of each group

are non-competing. The cost to the stores varies from $2.50 to $5.00 a month, depending

on the amount of work done. Where it seems desirable, meetings are conducted with

representatives of the stores for discussion of the figures. The figures are utilized

by the Bureau in such fundamental research investigations as the study of departmental

stock sales ratios. All figures are kept confidential, but the Bureau reserves the

right to publish the results of any fundamental studies, provided that the interests

of no individual cooperator are violated.
- 10-

Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 48

20. SL AG BRIDGES

The National Slag Association has just released its Symposium No. 13, Slag

Bridges and other Water Resisting Structures, This Symposium is one of a series pertaining to the characteristics and uses of blast furnace slag, prepared by the Association, 937 Leader Building, Cleveland, Ohio, for presentation to its members and to the

membership of various committees in a number of technical organizations. The cost of

the publication, which is copyrighted, is 25 cents per copy.

21 . IM£EoveI1 equipment

Dr. George K. Burgess, Director of the Bureau of Standards, has been informed

of the inauguration of a program for improving electrical equipment sold to the public,

and that the Electrical Testing Laboratories, 80th and East End Avenue, Mew York City,

has been designated as the technical and testing agent to operate under the auspices of

the Appliance Committee, in the conduct of this quality improvement activity of the

Association of Edison Illuminating Companies. The method to be employed in this re- search program, consists essentially in; surveys of qualities and performance characteristics of electrical equipment; constructive application, as may prove practicable,

of the facts revealed by such surveys; communication of results to Central Station Companies; ultimately grading of brands as to qualities and performance for the guidance

of the industry.

22 . HIGHWAY REPORT

The report of the investigation of paving and general highway conditions by the engineering commission, appointed by The National Paving Brick Manufacturers Association,

has been released in printed form. The purpose of this investigation was to obtain an up-to-date picture of the present status of the highway business, with reference to the

general economic status of the urban and rural highway conditions of the country. For

copies or information of this report readers of the Commercial Standards Monthly should

write to The National Paving Brick Manufacturers Association, Washington, D. C.

23 . ORTFT CF METERS REPORT

The March, 1929, issue o'f the Bureau of Standards Journal of Research contains

a paper describing the orifice meter investigation carried out at Edgewood Arsenal in

cooperation with the Chemical Warfare Service of the Army, and gives the principal re- sults obtained with square edged orifices such as are commonly employed in the commercial metering of large volumes of gas. Absolute rates of discharge were measured by means of flow nozzles. This method has been investigated both experimentally and

theoretically, and it appears to be the most convenient and accurate one now available

for measuring high rates of flow. The discussion of this subject is an important part

of the paper.

2 4 . F ORMS ASSOCIATI ON

Nine non-competing firms, with national distribution, have formed as asso- ciation for the promotion of research in distribution methods. Membership in the asso- ciation is limited to 15 companies. The 9 companies already admitted are producers of

inks, carbon paper, type ribbons and pens; pencils and erasers; crepe paper, tag3 and

labels: stationery, commercial and social; kodaks, films, and photographic paper;
Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 43

- 12-

office equipment; office records; looseleaf and blank books; playing cards and accessories; and a firm of book publishers. None of these companies sells goods direct to consumers, but through stationery and book stores, drug stores, and other common cutlets .

The purpose of the association are, free interchanges of information or ex- perience in distribution and marketing; avoidance of duplication of research in distribution methods; and the carrying on of new studies by special committees. The sales

managers oi the respective associations form one such committee, the export sales managers another, and other committees are composed of the advertising managers, office

and warehouse managers, and research directors of member companies Such topics are taken up for consideration as methods of training dealers' sales people, new export

regulations, and foreign commerce promotion.

25 . RESEARCH .BUREAU

The New England Shoe Manufacturers' Research Bureau, an outgrowth of the shoe

manufacturers' committee created to advise the New England Council in its study of. shoes

in New England in 1928, has been formed for cooperative attack on the problems facing

the industry. Several of the ten leading firms which have united to form the Bureau

are in competition with each other.

Committees composed of executives of the member firms have been formed to deal

with specific problems. These committees meet regularly for the exchange of ideas and

experience data on the problem under consideration and endeavor to reach common conclusions, vhich are available to all member firms.

BUILDING AND HOUSING

James S. Tavlor .

All inquiries on this subject should be addressed to Mr James S. Taylor,

Division of Building and Housing, United States Department of Commerce, Washington,

D. C.

26. BUILDING CODE

The Building Code Committee, composed of nationally known architects and engineers appointed in 1921 to prepare recommended building code requirements has just issued

a tentative report entitled Recommended Minimum Requirements for Fire Resistance in

Buildings. This report has been distributed widely among interested persons and or- ganizations, and criticisms have been invited. When these have been received and con- sidered the report will be brought out in printed form as the seventh of a series.

Previous reports have covered small dwelling construction, plumbing masonry walls, live

load assumptions, code arrangement and working stresses. Among the subjects taken up

in the present report are recommendations as to height of buildings of different types

of construction from the standpoint of fire protection, types of buildings permitted

in various fire districts, and kinds of protection necessary for various structural

members. An A.ppendix contains an extended discussion of the principles underlying

logical fire resistance requirements and of the information which is available on tho

subject at the present time.
-20-

Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 48

UTILIZATION OF WA STE

27 • USE OF WASTE WOOD

There is sufficient non-utilized wood in Virginia available as raw material

for various industries to load a train extending from Washington, D. C. to New York

City, announces the National Committee of Wood Utilization, in connection with the re- lease of the publication of a survey of wood and wood waste in Virginia, which is the

first of a series to be undertaken by the Committee,

28 . WOOL U TILIZATION. PLAN

The National Committee on Wood Utilization of the Department of Commerce is

working out a plan of close wood utilization, said to affect 40 per cent of American

factories now using wood as a primary raw material. Under the plan proposed these industrial consumers will be enabled to obtain their lumber supplies cut to exact sizes,

ready for use without further and consequent waste incurred in present practice, which

often require the cutting of small dimension stock from year lumber. A handbook is to be prepared, it is announced on the manufacture of so-called small dimeniscn stock.

Standardization of sizes is reported to have been accomplished in a number of

such industries and further standardization of the component wooden parts cf manufactured

articles will be encouraged by the National Committee.

Before work in the consumers' field is taken up, the Committee plans to develop

a satisfactory source of supply, which it believes can best be done by establishing

standard practice for the cutting and seasoning of small dimension stock. The committee

regards the further refining of lumber at its source as a healthy development and as economically sound.

29 . END MATCHED LUMBER APPROVED

A study by the Forest Products Laboratory of the Forest Service mad9 at the

request of the National Committee on Wood Utilization, has established that end matched

flooring and subflooring of considerably shorter average length, and with joints at random, may be substituted for standard length construction lumber with all joints on supports, without significant decrease cf efficiency in the stiffness of the construction, distribution of concentrated loads and alignment of joints, studs, or rafters.

The use of end matched softwood lumber for finish flooring laid directly on joints is not recommended for living rooms, dining rooms, and kitchens although under

ordinary conditions of service, such flooring may apparently be used with safety in

other rooms.
-21 -

Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 48

eltminatiM of waste

so . yardstick me/ shipment

A new measuring stick to determine the exact degree of employment and industrial efficiency in the United States through the compilation of man-hours of work in

the industrial censuses and a further refinement of the census figures to determine the

exact number of hours men in great industrial plants are exposed to hazard by a com- putation of the "hazard hours" of employment, are sought by the American Engineering

Council. At its annual convention held last month in Washington, the Council passed

resolutions to "take action seeking to have the number of man-hours working in the

manufacturing establishments of the United States reported in the next and succeeding

censuses of manufacturers."

31 . A 1 9 29 P LATFORM

How forty-one prominent distributors will go about making 1929 a profitable

year, forms the theme of an article in the Industrial Distributor and Salesman for

January. The platform as suggested by these 41 distributors include thirteen "planks."

These are: (1) Insist on fair profits; (2) Support manufacturers with sales policies

favorable to the distributor; (3) Work for suggested resale prices; (4) Cooperate

with fellow distributors in local groups; (5) Support my association; (6) Concentrate on natural territories; (7) SIMPLIFY LINES; (8) Develop an aggressive creative

sales force; (9) Concentrate on high profit specialities; (10) Budget my business;

(11) Install an adequate cost system; (12) Work for a modification of the anti-trust

laws; (13) Carry adequate stocks.

Appendix

Simplified Invoice ! ea-ue _ Report- ’ecei^ed from .Jan'ia r v 25^_ 192° t~ Febrvar^, IT

Company Period

Invoices

checked

On

Simplified

Form

Per Cent

of

Adhe^enci

Rutland Railroad Company . 90 .00*

Rutland . V t.

Erie Re.ilroad Company - - - 85 .00*

Hornell , N Y .

Reading Company 10 days 1262 555 43.98

Reading , Pa.

W. F. Stewart Company, - - O O o Flint

Mich

Wheeler-Schebler Carburetor Co., 1 week - - 30.00

Indianapolis, Ind.

Sin Oil Company, 1 week 680 138 28.97

Dallas

Tex
-22- Commercial Standards Monthly - No. 48

Company F e riod

Invoices

checked

On

Simplified

Form

Fer Cent

of

Adherence

Briggs-Weaver Machinery Company,

Dallas, Tex.

1 week 444 126 28.38

Missouri-Kansas-Texas R. R. Co.,

St. Louis, Mo,

10 days 1021 264 25.86

Cleveland Southwestern R . & L

Company, Elyria, Ohio

6 months - - 24.09

Texas Portland Cement Company,

Dallas. Tex.

1 week 118 28 23.73

Amoskeag Manufacturing Co .

Boston, Mass.

15 days - - 22.50

Easterline Angus Company,

Indianapolis, Ind.

2 weeks - - 20 .00

General Electric Supply Corp.,

Boston, Mass.

19 days 761 136 17.80

Sinclair Refining Company,

New York, N. Y.

2 weeks* 2581 411 15.92

Worcester Pressed Steel Company,

Boston, Mass.

6 weeks - - 14.20

Kendall Company,

Boston, Mass.

2 weeks 319 54 13.70

Doming Company,

Salem, Ohio

1 month 650 89 13.69

Stone & Webster Engineering Co.,

Boston, Mass.

10 days 570 71 12.46

Penn-Ohio System,

Youngstown, Ohio

15 days 1923 237 12.32

Harvard University,

Cambridge, Mass.

2 weeks 1444 157 10.80

J. W. Crowdus Drug Company,

Dallas, Tex.

1 week 300 30 10.00

Denver Purchasing Agents' Assn.,

Denver, Colo.

- - - 10.00*

East St. Louis Rys. Co.,

East St. Louis, 111.

2 weeks 10.00*
Commercial Standards Monthly No. 48

-23-

Company

Invoices On

Period checked Simplified

Form

Norton Company,

Boston, Mass.

Lever Bros. Company,

Boston, Mass

.

Southern Pacific Company,

San Francisco, Calif.

Simms Oil Company,

Dallas, Tex.

Du Pont Viscoloid Company,

Boston, Mass.

Washington Ry . & Electric Co.,

Washington, D. C.

International Shoe Company,

Boston, Mass.

Loose Wiles Biscuit Company,

Boston, Mass.

Massasoit Manufacturing Co.,

Boston, Mass.

Christian Science Pub. Co.,

Boston, Mass.

Boston Consolidated Gas Co.,

Boston, Mass.

Eastern Mfg . Co .

,

Boston, Mass.

Geo. W. Wheelwright Paper Co.,

Boston, Mass.

Winslow Eros. & Smith Co.,

Boston, Mass.

13 days 2571 234

4 weeks - -

10 days 3124 264

1 week 603 50

10 days 367 21

12 days 407 22

2 weeks

15 days

2 weeks 63 3

2 weeks

10 days

10 days

11 months

10 days

Indiana Columbus & Eastern Traction 2 weeks

Company, Springfield, Ohio

Mass. Electric Mfg. Co., 10 days

Boston, Mass.

Panther Rubber Mfg. Co., 1 month

Boston, Mass.

Per Cent

of

Adherence

9.10

9.00

3.45

8.29

6.00

5.41

5.00

4.50

4.40

4.00

2.50

2.50

2 .50

2.40

2 . 02 *

2.00

2.00
Commercial Standards Monthly No. 43

-24-

Company Period

Invoices

checked

On

Simplified

Fo rm

Fer Cent

of

Adherence

Converse Rubber Shoe Co.,

Eoston, Mass.

10 days 129 15 1.13

Beacon Oil Company.

Boston, Mass.

10 days - - 1.00

Carpenter - Morten Company,

Boston, Mass.

15 days - - 1 .00

Dennison Mfg . Co .

,

Eoston, Mass.

3 weeks - - 1 .00

A. A. Johnson Company,

Boston, Mass.

7 days - - 1 .00

L. Sonneborn Sons, Inc.,

New York, N . Y

.

- - - 1 .00*

Indianapolis Belting & Supply Co.,

Indianapolis, InJ .

1 week 1500* 11 00 .73*

* Approximate .

Simplified Invoice League - The following reports

Agents' Association of Philadelphia.

were received from the Purcha.

Company # 37 12 days - - 51.35

It # 10 II - - 31 .34

II i 40 II - 29 .81

II # 53 II - - 29 .25

It # 11 II - - 27.57

II # 30 II - - 25.83

II # 23 II - - 25 .67

II # 41 II - - 23 . 53

II # 14 1? - - 24.20

II # 20 11 - - 20.03

II # 29 II - - 18 .73

II # 12 It - _ 18.25
Commercial Standards Monthly No. 48

-25-

Company

Period

Invoices

checked

On

Simplified

Per Cent — of

Form Adhe rence Company # 19

12 days - — 17.92

II # i

II - - 17.19

II # 28 II - - 15 .14

II # 39 £ ” - - 13.93

n # 3 II - - 13 . 06

ii # 4 II - - 12.83

ti # 36 II - - 12.75

ii # 52 II - - 12.00

ii # 13 II - - 11 .96

ii # 45 II - - 11 .75

ri # 48 II - - 11.43

ii # 25 \( I* - - 11 12

ii # 35 II - - 11.08

n # 21 II - - 10.83

ii # 16 II - - 10.23

ii # 24 II - - 9.68

ii f 18 II - - .9.33

it # 56 II - - 9.25

n # 26 II - - 8.75

n / 46 ^ II - - 7.37

n # 17 II - - 6.73

ii i 55 II - - 6.00

5.53

* 2 4.67
Commercial standards Monthly No. 48

C ompany

Company # 54

" i 7

" § 22

" #6

" # 42

" # 43

" # 15

" # 38

" # 9

" # 27

" # 47

" § 34

" ;f 50

" § 49

" #5

" 31

" # 33

" •# 44

" # 51

Invoices On Per Cen

Period checked Simplified of

Form Adherence

12 days

ri

n

it

if

it

ii

n

it

ii

it

ii

ii

ii

ii

ii

it

ii

ii

NFW PUPT I CATTPNS

4.25

3 .98

3.67

3.50

3.42

3 .25

2.49

2.04

1.92

1 .67

1.53

1.50

00.50

00.33

00.03

00.00

00 .00

00.00

00 .00

oo

.

Bureau of Standards Journal of Research, Vol. 2, No. 2, February, 1929 - by

subscription only, $2.75 per year (United States and its possessions, Canada, Cuoa.

Mexico, Newfoundland, and Republic of Panama); other countries $3.50.

Title page and index to Volume

Bureau of Standards.

Research Papers (reprints from

the mercury arc'To

- obtain data at wave metric analysis of sugar products; H, H. Reflecting power of beryllium, chromium,

1 of the Journal - free on application to the

Journal); - RP38. A technical method of using

length 560 millimicrons in the SpectrophotoPo tors and F. P. Phelps: price 5 cents. RP39,

and several other metals; W. W. Cralentz and
-27- Commercial Standards Monthly -No. 48

R. Stair; price 5 cents; RP40- Note on a piezo-electric generator for audio-frequencies; August Hund; price 5 cents. RP41 . Heats of combustion of organic compounds;

M. S. Kharasch; price 15 cents. RP42 . Laboratory corrosion tests of mild steel with

special reference to ship plate; H. S. Rawdon, price 5 cents. RP43 . Least retinal illumination by spectral light required to evoke the "blue arcs of the retina;" Deane B. Judd; price 5 cents, RP44 . The service of refractory blocks in a small experimental

glass tank; W. L. Pendergast and Herbert Insley; price 15 cents. Circulars ; C371

(superseding C319) . Alphabetical index and numerical list of United States Government

master specifications, promulgated by the Federal Specifications Board; free on application to the Bureau of Standards. C373 . Recommended specifications for quicklime

for use in the distillation of ammonia from ammonia liquors obtained in coke and gas

manufacture; price 5 cents. C374 X-ray radium protection (Recommendations of International Congress of Radiology); price 5 cents.

Simpl l f.ied Practice Recommendations . RXI-28 . What it is and what it offers

(1928 edition); price 15 cents. R9-28 (2nd edition). Woven wire fencing price 5 cents; R19-28 (3rd edition) . Asbestos paper and asbestos millboard; price 5 cents;

R78-28. Iron and steel roofing; price 5 cents; R89-28. Coated abrasive products; price

10 cents.

Commercial Standards : CS3-28 . Stoddard. Solvent (Dry Cleaning); price 10 cents.

Misc e llaneous Publications : Supplement to M90 (2nd edition) , Supplement to the Directory of Commercial Testing and College Research Laboratories: Free on application

to Bureau of Standards. M91 . Standards Yearbook, 1929, price SI. 00 (foreign, SI. 20).

M37 . Report of the 21st National Conference on weights and measures (May 22-25, 1928);

price 35 cents.

Technical News Bulletin No. 143. March, 1929 - by subscription only, 25 cents per

year (foreign 40 cents).

34 . SUPPLEMENT DIRECTORY .

The Bureau of Standards announces the release of a printed pamphlet entitled

"Supplement to the Directory of Commercial Testing and College Research Laboratories."

This pamphlet is intended to accompany Miscellaneous Publication No. 90. Copies may

be secured from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., at a cost of 5 cents per copy.

35 . COMMERCE YEARBOOK .

Volume 11 of the Commerce Yearbook for 1928 is now available from the office

of the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.. at

a cost of $1,25 per copy. The Commerce Yearbook has been described as "A source book

of information on world business." It contains Economic Reviews of each individual

country including discussions on production, transportation, labor conditions, price

movements, public finance, currency and exchange, foreign trade, etc.

36 . AIRWAY_MARKING

.

The report of airway marking committee, has been published by the Aeronautics

Branch of the Department of Commerce, Copies of this report may be secured from the

Aeronautics Branch upon application. This report sets forth the studies and recommen- dations of the committee organized to study the subject of airway marking and to recom- mend a standard system of air marking for general use throughout the United States.

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