Editorial Note on Part 3406
Editorial Note: Nomenclature changes to part 3406 appear at 76 FR 4809, Jan. 27, 2011.

§ 3406.16 Scope of a research proposal. The research component of the program will support projects that address high-priority research initiatives in areas such as those illustrated in this section where there is a present or anticipated need for increased knowledge or capabilities or in which it is feasible for applicants to develop programs recognized for their excellence. Applicants are also encouraged to include in their proposals a library enhancement component related to the initiative(s) for which they have prepared their proposals. ( a ) *Studies and experimentation in food and agricultural sciences.* ( 1 ) The purpose of this initiative is to advance the body of knowledge in those basic and applied natural and social sciences that comprise the food and agricultural sciences.
( 2 ) Examples include, but are not limited to: ( i ) Conduct plant or animal breeding programs to develop better crops, forests, or livestock (e.g., more disease resistant, more productive, yielding higher quality products).
( ii ) Conceive, design, and evaluate new bioprocessing techniques for eliminating undesirable constituents from or adding desirable ones to food products.
( iii ) Propose and evaluate ways to enhance utilization of the capabilities and resources of food and agricultural institutions to promote rural development (e.g., exploitation of new technologies by small rural businesses).
( iv ) Identify control factors influencing consumer demand for agricultural products.
( v ) Analyze social, economic, and physiological aspects of nutrition, housing, and life-style choices, and of community strategies for meeting the changing needs of different population groups.
( vi ) Other high-priority areas such as human nutrition, sustainable agriculture, biotechnology, agribusiness management and marketing, and aquaculture.
( b ) *Centralized research support systems.* ( 1 ) The purpose of this initiative is to establish centralized support systems to meet national needs or serve regions or clientele that cannot otherwise afford or have ready access to the support in question, or to provide such support more economically thereby freeing up resources for other research uses.
( 2 ) Examples include, but are not limited to: ( i ) Storage, maintenance, characterization, evaluation and enhancement of germplasm for use by animal and plant breeders, including those using the techniques of biotechnology.
( ii ) Computerized data banks of important scientific information (e.g., epidemiological, demographic, nutrition, weather, economic, crop yields, etc.).
( iii ) Expert service centers for sophisticated and highly specialized methodologies (e.g., evaluation of organoleptic and nutritional quality of foods, toxicology, taxonomic identifications, consumer preferences, demographics, etc.).
( c ) *Technology delivery systems.* ( 1 ) The purpose of this initiative is to promote innovations and improvements in the delivery of benefits of food and agricultural sciences to producers and consumers, particularly those who are currently disproportionately low in receipt of such benefits.
( 2 ) Examples include, but are not limited to: ( i ) Computer-based decision support systems to assist small-scale farmers to take advantage of relevant technologies, programs, policies, etc.
( ii ) Efficacious delivery systems for nutrition information or for resource management assistance for low-income families and individuals.
( d ) *Other creative proposals.* The purpose of this initiative is to encourage other creative proposals, outside the areas previously outlined, that are designed to provide needed enhancement of the Nation's food and agricultural research system.