# 2007 O RANGE 

# C REEK 

# B ASIN



# M ANAGEMENT 

# A CTION 

# P LAN

For the Implementation of Total Ma ximum Daily Loads Adopted by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection

for



# N e w n a n s L a k e

, O r a n g e L a k e

, L a k e W a u b e r g

, H o g t o w n C r e e k

, S w e e t w a t e r B r a n c h

, T u m b l i n C r e e k

, a n d

A l a c h u a S i n k

Developed by the Orange Creek Basin Working Group

in Cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Division of Water Resource Management Bureau of Watershed Management

May 8, 2008

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

ii 

# TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGM ENTS............................................................................................V

ORANGE CREEK BASIN WORKI NG GROUP AND OTHER

PARTICIP ANTS .......................................................................................................VI

LIST OF ACRO NYMS .............................................................................................VII

EXECUTIVE SU MMARY ........................................................................................... 1

ES.1 Manageme nt Actions ........................................................................... 4

ES.2 Managing Pollutant Loads from Future Growth ................................. 5

ES.3 BMAP Implementa tion and Tr acking ................................................... 6

2007 ORANGE CREEK BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN ADDRESSING THE TMDLS FOR NEWNANS LAKE, ORANGE LAKE, LAKE WAUBERG, HOGTOWN CREEK, SWEETWATER BRANCH, TUMBLIN CREEK, A ND ALACHUA SINK ............................................................... 9

1.0 Intr oduction ............................................................................................. 9

Overview of M anagement Ac tions......................................................... 9

Document Or ganizati on....................................................................... 12

2.0 Backg round ........................................................................................... 13

Regional Setting of Or ange Creek Ba sin............................................. 13

3.0 Total Maximum Da ily Loads in the Ora nge Creek Basin ................... 17

4.0 BMAP Developm ent Pro cess ............................................................... 19

5.0 Pollutant Reduc tion Alloca tions .......................................................... 21

6.0 Pollutant Sources a nd Management Actions...................................... 22

BMAP Assumptions and Considerat ions ............................................. 22

Management Acti on Overvi ew............................................................. 23

Management Actions ........................................................................... 29

Managing Pollutant Loads fr om Future Growth ................................... 36

Waterbody Asse ssments..................................................................... 38

7.0 Monitori ng Progr am.............................................................................. 60

8.0 Tracking and Fo llow-up Ac tions.......................................................... 62

9.0 Commitment to Pl an Implemen tation .................................................. 64

10.0 Detailed Proj ect Information............................................................... 66

Introducti on.......................................................................................... 66

DACS’ Process of BM P Implemen tation.............................................. 66

Quantifiable Nutri ent Load Reduc tions................................................ 66

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

iii 

# Quantifiable Fecal Coliform Bacteria Load Reducti ons ....................... 66

BMAP Implementat ion Costs............................................................... 66

11.0 Refere nces......................................................................................... 105

APPENDIX A. GLOSSA RY OF TE RMS .............................................................. 106

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

iv 

# L IST OF 

# F IGURES

Figure ES.1. Orange Creek Basin Boundary and Location of BMAP Waterbodies ________3 Figure 2.1. Ocklawaha River Basin Showing Location of the Orange Creek Basin _____15 Figure 2.2 Orange Creek Basin BMAP Waterbodies ____________________________16 Figure 6.1. Alachua Sink TSI Values, 2000–02_________________________________44 Figure 6.2. Wet Year Baseline TN Loading to Alachua Sink _______________________45 Figure 6.3. Baseline TN Loading to Newnans Lake _____________________________50 Figure 6.4. Baseline TP Loading to Newnans Lake _____________________________51 Figure 6.5. Baseline TP Loading to Orange Lake _______________________________57



# L IST OF 

# T ABLES

Table ES.1. Anticipated Trends in Core and Supplemental Water Quality Indicators _____8

Table 1.1 TMDLs and Project Management Categories in the Orange Creek Basin ___11

Table 3.1. TMDLs Addressed in the Orange Creek Basin ________________________18

Table 4.1. Basin Working Group Organizational Structure _______________________20

Table 6.1. Summary of Orange Creek BMAP Categories, by Stakeholder ___________24

Table 6.2. New Projects Proposed by BWG Members that Address TMDLs__________31

Table 6.3. Projects Proposed by BWG Members that Were Enhanced To Address
TMDLs_______________________________________________________33

Table 6.4. Local LID Examples in the Orange Creek Basin _______________________37

Table 6.5. Completed and Planned Projects To Reduce Fecal Coliform Bacteria levels in Urban Creeks and Prevent Future Discharges _________________40

Table 6.6. Summary of Management Actions To Reduce Fecal Coliform Bacteria in Specific Urban Creeks_________________________________________41

Table 6.7. Completed and Planned Projects To Reduce Total Nitrogen to Alachua
Sink _________________________________________________________46

Table 6.8. Completed and Planned Projects To Reduce Nutrients in Newnans
Lake_________________________________________________________53

Table 6.9. Planned Projects To Reduce Nutrients in Lake Wauberg ________________55

Table 6.10. Completed and Planned Projects To Reduce Nutrients in Orange Lake ____58

Table 7.1. Anticipated Trends in Core and Supplemental Water Quality Indicators ____61

Table 9.1. Signatories ___________________________________________________65

Table 10.1A. Structural BMPs—Quantifiable Load Reductions ______________________68

Table 10.1B. Structural BMPs—Load Reductions Not Currently Quantified ____________70

Table 10.2. Agricultural BMPs ______________________________________________72

Table 10.3. Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Projects __________________74

Table 10.4. Regulations, Ordinances, and Guidelines ____________________________77

Table 10.5. Special Studies and Planning Efforts _______________________________78

Table 10.6. Education and Outreach Efforts ___________________________________90

Table 10.7. Basic Stormwater Management Program Implementation _______________92

Table 10.8. Conservation Land Acquisition / BMP Land Acquisition _________________96

Table 10.9. Wastewater Infrastructure Management, Maintenance, Repair, and Upgrade______________________________________________________99

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

v 

# ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Orange Creek Basin Management Action Plan was prepared as part of a five-year cycle to implement Total Maximum Daily Loads adopted by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection in the Orange Creek Basin. It was developed by the Orange Creek Basin Working Group (BWG), identified below, with participation from affected local, regional, and state governmental interests; elected officials and citi zens; and private interests. The BWG would like to give special thanks to Gainesville Regional Utilities for providing a meeting room.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

vi 

# ORANGE CREEK BASIN WORKING GROUP AND OTHER

PARTICIPANTS

• E NTITY 

### • BWG R EPRESENTATIVE 

### * • O THER 

### P ARTICIPANTS



### • City of Gainesville • Alice Rankeillor** / Sally Adkins,

• Stu Pearson

• Gainesville Regional Utilities • Brett Goodman**/ Rick Hutton /

• Paul Davis • David Richardson

• Alice Rankeillor

• Alachua County Public Works • David Cerlanek/ Sam Middleton

• Alachua County Environmental Protection Dept. • Chris Bird/ Robin Hallbourg • Kathy Fanning

• Gus Olmos • Stacie Greco

• Diana Gijselaers

• Marion County • Gail Mowry/ Tracy Straub • Shane Williams

• Town of McIntosh • John Wright

• Dept. of Environmental

Protection

Division of Water Resource Management (process/technical support) • N/A • Mary Paulic

• Fred Calder

• Jennifer Gihring

• Terry Pride** • Xueqing Gao

• Wayne Magley

• Fay Baird,

Pandion Systems

Northeast District • Jeff Martin
Paynes Prairie Preserve State

Park • Jim Weimer

Invasive Plant Management • Joe Hinkle

• Dept. of Transportation • Alan Obaigbena

• Alachua County Dept. of Health • Paul Myers/ Anthony Dennis • Sherri Seay

• Florida Fish and Wildlife

Conservation Commission • Eric Nagid • Bruce Jaggers

• Jerry Krummrich

• University of Florida • Erick Smith/ Chuck Hogan

• Sierra Club • Karen Orr

• Women for Wise Growth • Carol Higman

• Sustainable Alachua County • Dr. Kathy Cantwell

• Gainesville Wa ter Management

Committee • Dr. R.M. Fry/ Joe Wise

• Alachua County Environmental Protection Advisory Committee • Sue Dudley/ Carol Higman • Rob Brinkman

• St. Johns River Water Management District • Carol Lippincott/ Jian Di • Lori Hazel David Walker

• Dept. of Agriculture/Water Policy • Jody Lee • Terry Pride

• Dept. of Agriculture/Forestry • Jeff Vowell/ Roy Lima

• Dan Roach/ Rob Hicks • Forestry Industry

• Phil Gornicki

, Florida Forestry

Assoc.

• Private Sector • Mike Castine/ Mayana Anderson (Brown and Cullen, Inc.) • John Hurford

• Town of Micanopy • TBD • Tom Staley

• Jones Edmunds • N/A • Alan Foley

• Brett Cunningham

• Brett Goodman

* BWG representative / alternate representative

** Former BWG member. TBD – To be determined. N/A –Not applicable

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

vii 

# LIST OF ACRONYMS

ACT Alachua Conservation Trust ARA Antibiotic resistance analysis ACHD Alachua County Health Department BMAP Basin Management Action Plan BMP Best management practice BWG Basin Working Group CDS Continuous deflective separation DACS Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer

Services DO Dissolved oxygen DOT Florida Department of Transportation DEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

F.A.C. Florida Administrative Code

FCT Florida Communities Trust FFLP Federal Forest Legacy Program FRLPP Farm & Ranch Land Protection Program

F.S Florida Statutes

FWC Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

FWRA Florida Watershed Restoration Act FY Fiscal year GIS Geographic information system GRU Gainesville Regional Utilities HMMC Hazardous Materials Management Code HUC Hydrologic unit code

I & I Infiltration & Inflow LID Low-impact Development MOS Margin of safety MS4 Municipal separate storm sewer system MST Microbial source tracking N Nitrogen

NO2 Nitrite

NO3 Nitrate NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOI Notice of Intent NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service OAWP Office of Agricultural Water Policy O&M Operations and Maintenance OSTDS On-site sewage treatment and disposal system QA Quality assurance P Phosphorus

PLRG Pollutant Load Reduction Goal SAV Submerged aquatic vegetation SJRWMD St. Johns River Water Management District SWIM Surface Water Improvement and Management

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

viii 

## SWFWMD Southwest Florida Water Management District TN Total nitrogen TKN Total Kjeldahl nitrogen TOC Total organic carbon TP Total phosphorus TSI Trophic State Index TSS Total suspended solids UF University of Florida UF–IFAS University of Florida–Institute of Food and Agricultural

Sciences ULDC Unified Land Development Code

WAV Watershed Action Volunteers WBID Waterbody identification WRF Water reclamation facility

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

1 

# EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Orange Creek Basin Management Action Plan (BMAP) was developed by the Orange Creek Basin Working Group (BWG) over a multiyear period. It addresses waterbodies in the Orange Creek Basin with water quality impairments. The BMAP focuses on reducing nutrient discharges to lakes and fecal coliform discharges to streams verified as impaired under the Florida Watershed Restoration Act (FWRA) (Chapter 403.067, Florida Statutes [F.S.]) and the Impaired Surface Waters Rule (Rule 62-303, Florida Administrative Code [F.A.C.]), and for which total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) were established. TMDLs, which DEP adopts by rule, establish the maximum amount of specific pollutants that a waterbody can assimilate while maintaining water quality standards, including designated uses. All surface waters in the Orange Creek Basin are designated as Class III waters in accordance with Rule 62-302, F.A.C., defined as having suitable water quality for recreational use and for the propagation and maintenance of a healthy, well-balanced population of fish and wildlife.

This BMAP provides for phased implementation pursuant to Section 403.067(7) (a) 1 F. S. The management actions and adaptive management appr oach described in the BMAP will address fecal coliform bacteria and nutrient reductions needed to meet the TMDLs. This adaptive management process will continue until the TMDL is met.

The Orange Creek Basin BMAP adoption as a phased BMAP allows for implementation of projects designed to achieve incremental r eductions while simultaneously monitoring and conducting studies to better understand water quality dynamics (sources and response variables) in each impaired waterbody. Subsequent five-year management cy cles will evaluate progress and make adjustments or add new projects, as needed, to meet the TMDLs.

The following streams and lakes have TMDLs and are depicted in Figure ES.1.

• Hogtown and Tumblin Creeks and Sweetwater Branch: Impaired due to high levels of fecal coliform bacteria exceeding state criteria,

• Alachua Sink: Impaired due to excessive nitrogen, based on Trophic State Index (TSI) value above threshold of 60. A lake with a TSI value above 60 is considered impaired by the Impaired Surface Waters Rule
because of excess nutrients,

• Newnans Lake: Impaired due to excessive nitrogen & phosphorus, based on TSI value above threshold of 60,

• Lake Wauberg: Impaired due to excessive nitrogen & phosphorus, based on TSI value above 60,

• Orange Lake: Impaired due to excessive phosphorus, based on TSI
value above threshold of 60, and

Management actions addressing these TMDLs were included in one BMAP. This approach was taken for the following reasons: the connectedness of the TMDL waterbodies facilitated more efficient use of local government expertise, the commonality of problems and expected sources, and several local pollution control programs and maintenance and operation activities apply to

all waterbodies.

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## The BMAP process was structured to achieve cooperation and consensus among a broad range of interested parties. The process promoted the engagement of local stakeholders in a coordinated and collaborative manner to address the reductions of loadings of nutrients and bacteria needed to achieve the Orange Creek Basin TMDLs. It built upon existing water quality improvement programs and local partnerships, such as the Gainesville Clean Water Partnership, to address water quality problems. Members of the Orange Creek BWG represent:

• Alachua County (Public Works and Environmental Protection Departments),

• City of Gainesville (Public Works),

• Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC),

• Department of Transportation (DOT),

• DEP NE District Office,

• DEP Bureau of Invasive Plant Management,

• Paynes Prairie Preserve State Park,

• Alachua County Health Department,

• Gainesville Regional Utilities (GRU),

• University of Florida,

• St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD),

• Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (Office of Agriculture Water Policy and Division of Forestry),

• Florida Forestry Association,

• Private timber interests,

• Marion County Clean Water Program,

• Alachua County and Gainesville citizen environmental advisory
committees, and

• Community groups including Sustainable Alachua County, Suwannee St. Johns Sierra Club, and Women for Wise Growth.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

3 

## F IGURE 

## ES.1. O RANGE 

## C REEK 

## B ASIN 

## B OUNDARY AND 

## L OCATION OF 

## BMAP W ATERBODIES

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# ES.1 Management Actions

The BMAP built upon existing water quality improvement programs and local partnerships, such as the Gainesville Clean Water Partnership (includes Gainesville, Alachua County, and Dept. of Transportation), created to address water quality problems and implement a stormwater management program. State and local government s and community groups have committed to the implementation of the BMAP and signed statements or resolutions to that effect.

The BMAP documents the management actions that have been or will be undertaken by local, regional, state, or private entities to reduce the amount of these pollutants released into waterbodies with established TMDLs. The BMAP also addresses the following:

• Identification of sources of nutrients and fecal coliform bacteria

• Assignment or allocation of loadings to sources

• Funding and timeline for projects

• Monitoring (water quality) plans for follow-up of BMAP implementation

• Tracking of projects

• Loadings from future growth

• Commitment to plan implementation by local partners

The basin working group agreed that rather than make detailed allocations, the initial allocations adopted as part of each TMDL were adequate. Several factors influenced this decision. There are only two major point source discharges in the basin, both effecting Alachua Sink, and wasteload allocations were made within the Alachua Sink TMDL. Uncertainty about identification of sources of nutrients and bacteria requires further investigation. The finalization of Pollutant Load Reduction Goals by the St. Johns River Water Management District should help identify nutrient sources to the lakes. The physical interconnectedness of municipal storm sewers managed by Alachua County, Gainesville, and Dept. of Transportation made it extremely difficult and complicated to assign any one entity a percent reduction in stormwater loading. The intermingling of systems r equires the sharing of stormwater management responsibilities between these entities.

Over 100 management actions (Tables 10.1 through 10.9) are contained in this BMAP to address elevated fecal coliform levels in streams and nutrient levels in lakes. Many of these projects are part of existing programs, but so me were expanded in scope to address the TMDLs (see Table 6.3 ) or undertaken by local partners at their expense for the sole purpose of supporting TMDL development and implementation ( Table 6.2 ). Table 1.1 summarizes the number of management actions for each TMDL waterbody by category.

Though a substantial body of scientific literatur e exists regarding the hydrology, ecology, and function of TMDL waterbodies, the relation of water quality to pollutant sources is not well understood for many of these waterbodies. For waterbodies where scientific understanding is well developed, projects were proposed that will meet the TMDL. For waterbodies where current scientific understanding contains large uncertainties, the BMAP includes focused studies expected to increase the understanding of impair ed waterbodies and to support development of

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

5 

## future management actions. Examples of these focused studies are the technical work supporting development of pollutant load reduction goals and fecal coliform water quality sampling and extensive microbial source tracking work (Table 10.5 contains details).

Management actions cover a wide variety of pollutant sources through stormwater retrofits, centralized wastewater infrastructure management, the repair and/or upgrade of on-site sewage treatment disposal systems (OSTDSs, or s eptic systems), pollution prevention, public education, and related activities. These management actions include the following three projects

of note:

1. Alachua County, the Alachua County Health Department, the City of Gainesville, Gainesville Regional Utilities, Florida Department of Transportation, and DEP initiated a project to identify and remediate sources of fecal coliform bacteria in urban “hot spots” (areas with consistently high fecal counts). The selection of these hot spots was based on fecal coliform monitoring and initial microbial source tracking activities in the Tumblin Creek, Sweetwater Branch, and Hogtown Creek watersheds. This project is expected to improve communication and coordination among the agencies responsible for wastewater and stormwater management and the remediation of problems. It is anticipated that the project will achieve significant localized reductions in fecal coliform levels, with related overall reductions in the urban creeks.

2. The proposed Sweetwater Branch/Paynes Prairie Sheetflow Restoration Project is a cooperative effort of local governments, City of Gainesville Public Works, GRU, DEP, DOT, the St. Johns River Water Management District, and others. Its purpose is to return sheetflow to Paynes Prairie and, through the creation of a wetland treatment system, remove nutrients from water in Sweetwater Branch, which currently discharges into Alachua Sink. Feasibility studies and conceptual design plans have been completed. The project is in the early stages of design planning and requires substantial public funding and acquisition of land for its completion. The total nitrogen (TN) load reductions required of point

sources identified in the Alachua Sink TMDL would be met when this project is completed.

3. The SJRWMD is developing PLRGs for nutrients in Newnans Lake, Lochloosa Lake, and Orange Lake, with input from local stakeholders. PLRGs will identify major sources of nutrient pollutants in each lake that are currently not well-defined, aiding in the selection of management actions to reduce nutrient loadings.



# ES.2 Managing Pollutant Loads from Future Growth

As required by the FWRA, nutrient and fecal coliform loadings associated with future growth were considered as part of the BMAP. These estimates were based on anticipated population growth in the basin obtained from U.S. Census Bureau data gathered and evaluated through the BMAP process. Basinwide, future growth predicted through 2015 is not expected to substantially increase pollutant loads. However, emerging growth patterns in East Gainesville, particularly the Newnans Lake watershed, indica te that Census predictions may not adequately reflect the changes in land use that could occur in that area or other localized parts of the basin.

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## There are programs in place to ensure that the possible effects are reduced, but extra caution in future permitting may be needed in specific locations within the basin.

The management actions considered by stakeholder s include a number of activities that proactively address pollutant loadings from new development (or redevelopment) through regulations, ordinances, or guidelines. The application of Low Impact Development principles is a key management action being advanced and used by stakeholders to offset the effects of future growth.



# ES.3 BMAP Implementation and Tracking

BMAP implementation will be a long-term process. Significant unknowns remain regarding nutrient sources for Orange Creek Basin lakes and to a lesser extent bacteria sources for streams. The TMDLs established for basin lakes most likely will not be achieved in the near term. Initial actions taken to identify sources of fecal coliform bacteria have been more successful. The identification of bacteria sources using a variety of techniques, including detailed microbial source tracking, the use of optical brighteners, and field observations, has been completed.

Prior to and during the development of the BMAP, Gainesville Regional Utilities, City of Gainesville, Alachua County Health Department, and Alachua County completed a number of actions pertinent to controlling fecal coliform bacteria and nutrients. These actions included:

• Strengthening of GRU’s sewer line and lift station maintenance and inspection program. GRU increased the mileage of sewer line slip lined and smoke tested in the TMDL watersheds (Table 10.9 contains details),

• City of Gainesville completed several stormwater retrofit projects (stormwater parks and ponds) and installation of hydrodynamic separators in the Sweetwater Branch and Tumblin Creek watersheds (Tables 10.1A and B contain details),

• City of Gainesville, Dept. of Transportation, and Alachua County received their first five year MS4 permits. The result has been increased and improved maintenance and inspection of storm sewers and detection of illicit discharges driven partly by the BMAP process (Table 10.7) contains details), and

• Alachua County Health Department surveyed properties along Sweetwater Branch, Tumblin Creek, and Hogtown Creek expected to have septic systems. The survey identified any sanitary nuisances and provided an evaluation of the potential for a system to be contributing bacteria, based on depth to the water table and distance to water.

For the first phase of BMAP implementation, the BWG has started a project to better evaluate elevated levels of fecal coliform bacteria in Gainesville’s urban creeks. The development of PLRGs and the results of watershed nutrient source identification projects for Newnans Lake, Lochloosa Lake, and Orange Lake by the SJRWMD will identify major sources of nutrient loadings into those lakes.

In this first phase, the BWG will track its projects and other implementation efforts and monitor water quality in TMDL waterbodies (through existing water quality monitoring programs), to

ensure that the BMAP is carried out and to measure its effectiveness. The BWG will meet at

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

7 

## least annually to discuss implementation issues, consider new information, and determine other management actions needed for waterbodies that are not projected to meet their TMDLs.

Each entity responsible for implementing management actions as part of the BMAP will complete an annual report for submittal to the BWG and DEP. The report will track the implementation status of any management acti ons listed in the BMAP and document additional management actions undertaken to further the water quality improvements in the basin.

As part of the BMAP, the BWG designed a strategy for monitoring water quality based on specific indicators and measuring pollutant concentrations and loads to determine if water quality is improving and the TMDL is being met. Table ES.1 outlines proposed water quality indicators and their expected responses to water quality improvements.

Observations of water quality conditions and trends will be reported to the BWG and public at least annually as part of the BMAP annual report. Water quality data will be used to support adaptive management process, assess projects, and identify the need for new actions. A more complete analysis of trends in progress towards achieving designated use will be made on a five-year basis, corresponding with DEP’s watershed management cycle.

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## T ABLE 

## ES.1. A NTICIPATED 

## T RENDS IN 

## C ORE AND 

## S UPPLEMENTAL 

## W ATER 

## Q UALITY 

## I NDICATORS



### Core Indicators * 

### Lakes Creeks

Chlorophyll a Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Total Phosphorus (as P) Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Nitrogen, Nitrite (NO2), and Nitrate (NO3) as N Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Nitrogen, Kjeldahl (TKN) Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Fecal coliform Not applicable Decrease in concentration

Supplemental Indicators ** 

### Lakes Creeks

Specific conductance Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Dissolved oxygen (DO) Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Alkalinity Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

pH Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Temperature Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Color Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Turbidity Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Monitored to facilitate interpretati on of core indicator

trends

Total suspended solids (TSS) Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Monitored to facilitate interpretati on of core indicator

trends

Total organic carbon (TOC) Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Monitored to facilitate interpretati on of core indicator

trends

*Core indicator – Indicator that measur es progress made towards achieving TMDL. **Supplemental indicator – Additional i ndicators measured to facilitate the interpretation of core indicators.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

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# 2007 ORANGE CREEK BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN

ADDRESSING THE TMDLS FOR NEWNANS LAKE, ORANGE LAKE, LAKE WAUBERG, HOGTOWN CREEK, SWEETWATER BRANCH, TUMBLIN CREEK, AND ALACHUA SINK

1.0 Introduction

The Orange Creek Basin Management Action Plan (BMAP) was developed by the Orange Creek Basin Working Group (BWG) over a multiyear period. It addresses waterbodies in the Orange Creek Basin with water quality impairments. The BMAP focuses on reducing nutrient discharges to lakes and fecal coliform discharges to streams verified as impaired under the Florida Watershed Restoration Act (FWRA) (Chapter 403.067, Florida Statutes [F.S.]) and the Impaired Surface Waters Rule (Rule 62-303, Florida Administrative Code [F.A.C.]), and for which total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) were established. TMDLs were established for Newnans Lake, Orange Lake, Lake Wauberg, and Alachua Sink for nutrients and for Hogtown Creek, Tumblin Creek, and Sweetwater Branch for fecal coliform bacteria.

The BMAP documents the management actions that have been or will be undertaken by local, regional, state, or private entities to reduce the amount of these pollutants released into waterbodies with established TMDLs. Reducing the amounts of nutrients and fecal coliform released in the basin will help achieve water quality standards and designated uses established by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP). Orange Creek Basin waters have been designated as Class III, suitable for recreational use and for the propagation and maintenance of a healthy, well-balanced population of fish and wildlife.

Management actions addressing these TMDLs were included in one BMAP. This approach was taken for the following reasons: the connectedness of the TMDL waterbodies, the commonality of problems and expected sources, and local pollution control programs and maintenance and operation activities apply to all waterbodies.

This BMAP provides for phased implementation pursuant to Section 403.067(7) (a) 1 F. S. The management actions and adaptive management appr oach described in the BMAP will address fecal coliform bacteria and nutrient reductions needed to meet the TMDLs. This adaptive management process will continue until the TMDL is met.

The Orange Creek Basin BMAP adoption as a phased BMAP allows for implementation of projects designed to achieve incremental r eductions while simultaneously monitoring and conducting studies to better understand water quality dynamics (sources and response variables) in each impaired waterbody. Subsequent five-year management cy cles will evaluate progress and make adjustments or add new projects, as needed, to meet the TMDLs.



# Overview of Management Actions

An important result of the BMAP process in the Orange Creek Basin has been the unprecedented level of local stakeholder participation and commitment. The BMAP process enhanced communication and cooperation among basin stakeholders that will have benefits

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

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## beyond the BMAP. Together, stakeholders identified solutions to some of the basin’s complex water pollution issues and are taking decisive steps toward realizing those solutions.

Signatories to this BMAP share a common goal: restoring the designated uses of impaired waterbodies in the Orange Creek Basin. Their management actions, including the more than 100 specific projects identified in this BM AP, will improve the water quality of impaired waterbodies. These management actions cover a wide variety of pollutant sources and are categorized as follows:

• Structural BMPs—Quantifiable and Unquantifiable Load Reductions

• Agricultural BMPs

• Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Projects

• Regulations, Ordinances, and Guidelines

• Special Studies and Planning Efforts

• Education and Outreach Efforts

• Basic Stormwater Management Program Implementation

• Conservation Land Acquisition / BMP Land Acquisition

• Wastewater Infrastructure Management, Maintenance, Repair, and Upgrade

Table 1.1 summarizes the number of management actions by category for each TMDL waterbody. The number and type of projects va ries by waterbody. Basin wide management actions are counted for each individual waterbody.

Though considerable effort was taken to understand the ecology of and internal dynamics of TMDL waterbodies, the relation of water quality to pollutant sources is not well understood for some of these waterbodies. For some waterbodies, this prevented the Basin Working Group (BWG) from identifying a suite of projects that would fully implement each TMDL. As such the BMAP, with a few exceptions, does not contain quantitative values for project-based pollutant load reductions or an expected date on which the TMDLs will be achieved. Despite these uncertainties, basin stakeholders expect to ac hieve water quality improvements through the

activities outlined in this BMAP.

For waterbodies where scientific understanding is well developed, projects were proposed that will meet the TMDL. For example, the bacteria “hot spot” project began with microbial source tracking (MST) studies that did not provide conclusive results, but provided sufficient certainty to identify geographic areas of concern for human sources of bacteria. The geographic guidance obtained from the MST studies is being used with a field-based source identification and remediation effort of multiple stakeholders. In this way, projects in the BMAP are the BWG’s best effort to combine current scientific understanding with a pragmatic and adaptive approach

to decrease coliform bacteria in urban streams and nutrients in rural lakes. The BWG is confident that these activities will lead to improvements in BMAP waterbodies.

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## T ABLE 

## 1.1 TMDL S AND 

## P ROJECT 

## M ANAGEMENT 

## C ATEGORIES IN THE 

## O RANGE 

## C REEK 

## B ASIN



### TMDL

C ATEGORY 

### W ATERBODY


### WBID P ARAMETER 

### O RANGE 

### C REEK 

### BMAP M ANAGEMENT 

### C ATEGORY 

### N UMBER OF


### P ROJECTS 

### Agriculture BMPs 6 Basic Stormwater Program 8 Conservation Land Acquisition 3

Education and Outreach Efforts 3 Regulation, Ordinances, and Guidelines 1 Restoration and Water Quality Improvement 5 Special Studies and Planning Efforts 4

Structural BMP 2 Newnans

Lake

2705B TN and

TP

Wastewater Infrastructure Management 10 Agriculture BMPs 7 Basic Stormwater Program 3 Conservation Land Acquisition 6

Education and Outreach Efforts 3 Regulation, Ordinances, and Guidelines 1 Restoration and Water Quality Improvement 7 Special Studies and Planning Efforts 6 Orange Lake

2749A TP

Wastewater Infrastructure Management 1 Special Studies 1

Education and Outreach Efforts 3 Lake Wauberg

2741 TN and

TP Regulation, Ordinances, and Guidelines 1 Basic Stormwater Program 6 Conservation Land Acquisition 3

Education and Outreach Efforts 5 Regulation, Ordinances, and Guidelines 1 Restoration and Water Quality Improvement 1 Special Studies and Planning Efforts 14

Structural BMPs 10 Nutrients

Alachua Sink

2720A TN

Wastewater Infrastructure Management 13

Basic Stormwater Management 8

Education and Outreach Efforts 3 Regulation, Ordinances, and Guidelines 1 Restoration and Water Quality Improvement 3 Special Studies and Planning Efforts 10

Structural BMPs 5 Hogtown

Creek 2698 Fecal Coliform

Wastewater Infrastructure Management 10 Basic Stormwater Management 9

Education and Outreach Efforts 4 Regulation, Ordinances, and Guidelines 1

Special Studies and Planning Efforts 11

Structural BMPs 1 Tumblin

Creek 2718A Fecal Coliform

Wastewater Infrastructure Management 11 Basic Stormwater Management 8

Education and Outreach Efforts 4 Regulation, Ordinances, and Guidelines 1

Special Studies and Planning Efforts 12

Structural BMPs 1 Coliform

Bacteria

Sweetwater

Branch

2711 Fecal Coliform

Wastewater Infrastructure Management 11

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

12 

## For waterbodies where current scientific understanding contains large uncertainties, the BMAP includes focused studies expected to increase the understanding of impaired waterbodies and to support development of future management actions. For example, the development of Pollutant Load Reduction Goals (PLRGs) shoul d significantly improve the understanding of nutrient sources to lakes. Management activities will be refined and new projects developed to reduce nutrient sources to the extent practical.

Over 100 documented projects are contained in this BMAP to address elevated coliform levels and nutrient levels in specific basin creeks and lakes, respectively. Many of these projects are part of existing programs, but some were expanded in scope to address the TMDLs (see Table

6.3 ) or undertaken for the sole purpose of supporting TMDL development and implementation ( Table 6.2 ). Of the many management actions proposed in this BMAP, the following three projects are significant:

1. Alachua County, the Alachua County Health Department (ACHD), the City of Gainesville, Gainesville Regional Utilities (GRU), Florida Department of Transportation (DOT), and DEP initiated a project to identify and remediate sources of fecal coliform bacteria in urban “hot spots” (areas with consistently high fecal counts). The selection of these hot spots was based on fecal coliform monitoring and initial MST activities in the basin. This project is expected to improve communication and coordination among the agencies responsible for wastewater and stormwater management and the remediation of problems. It is anticipated that the project will achieve significant localized reductions in fecal coliform levels, with related overall reductions in the urban creeks.

2. The proposed Sweetwater Branch/Paynes Prairie Sheetflow Restoration Project is a cooperative effort of local governments, City of Gainesville Public Works, GRU, DEP, DOT, the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD), and others. Its purpose is to return sheetflow to Paynes Prairie and, through the creation of a wetland treatment system, remove nutrients from water in Sweetwater Branch, which currently discharges into Alachua Sink. Feasibility studies and conceptual design plans have been completed. The project is in the early stages of design planning and requires substantial public funding and acquisition of land for its completion. The total nitrogen (TN) load reductions required of point sources identified in the Alachua Sink TMDL would be met when this project is completed.

3. The SJRWMD is developing PLRGs for nutrients in Newnans Lake, Lochloosa Lake, and Orange Lake, with input from local stakeholders. PLRGs will identify major sources of nutrient pollutants in each lake that are currently not well-defined, aiding in the selection of management actions to reduce nutrient loadings.



# Document Organization

Section 2.0 of the Orange Creek BMAP provides a background discussion of the region and targeted waterbodies. Section 3.0 describes the TMDLs in the basin. The process used to develop the Orange Creek BMAP, including a discussion of how the public and other stakeholders were encouraged to participate in developing the BMAP, is found in Section 4.0

.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

13 

## Allocation of pollutant reductions are discussed in Section 5.0. Section 6.0 describes the pollutant sources and management actions to achieve the TMDLs, including management actions that address future growth. This section is primarily organized by each BMAP waterbody. Monitoring activities ( Section 7.0 ) to evaluate reasonable progress and tracking and follow-up actions ( Section 8.0 ) are presented next. The signed commitment of the parties to implement and support the BMAP is shown in Section 9.0 . Lastly, Section 10.0 presents detailed tables describing the water quality impr ovement projects to which stakeholders have

committed in this BMAP.

The Orange Creek BMAP includes or addresses the elements required by the FWRA (Chapter 403.067, F.S), including the following:

• Document how the public and other stakeholders were encouraged to participate or participated in developing the BMAP ( Section 4.0 ),

• Equitably allocate pollutant reductions within the basin ( Section 5.0 ),

• Identify the mechanisms by which potential future increases in pollutant loading will be addressed ( Section 6.0 ),

• Document management actions to achieve the TMDLs ( Section 7.0 ),

• Document the implementation schedule, funding, responsibilities, and milestones ( Tables 10.1A through 10.9 ), and

• Identify monitoring, evaluation, and a reporting strategy to evaluate reasonable progress over time ( Section 7.0 ).



# 2.0 Background

The Orange Creek BMAP has been developed as part of DEP’s TMDL Program. DEP implements the TMDL Program using a watershed management approach. The approach applies a five-year rotating basin cycle, with each year of the cycle representing a different phase of the basin rotation cycle: (a) Initial Basin Assessment; (b) Strategic Monitoring; (c) Data Analysis and TMDL Development; (d) BM AP Development; and (e) BMAP Implementation. At the end of each five-year cycle, a new cycle begins for each group of basins.



# Regional Setting of Orange Creek Basin

The Orange Creek Basin is located in Alachua County, including a significant part of the City of Gainesville, and northern Marion County and is part of the Ocklawaha River Basin ( Figure 2.1 ). The Ocklawaha River Basin is a TMDL Group 1 Basin. The BMAP addresses seven Orange Creek Basin waterbodies verified as impaired. TMDLs have been established for each of these

waterbodies:

• Hogtown Creek,

• Sweetwater Branch,

• Tumblin Creek,

• Alachua Sink,

• Newnans Lake,

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

14 

## • Orange Lake, and

• Lake Wauberg.

Figure 2.2 shows the locations of the TMDL waterbodies discussed in this document.

Management actions addressing these TMDLs were included in one BMAP. This approach was taken for the following reasons: the connectedness of the TMDL waterbodies facilitated more efficient use of local government expertise, the commonality of problems and expected sources, and several local pollution control programs and maintenance and operation activities apply to

all waterbodies.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

15 

## F IGURE 

## 2.1. O CKLAWAHA 

## R IVER 

## B ASIN 

## S HOWING 

## L OCATION OF THE 

## O RANGE 

## C REEK 

## B ASIN

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

16 

## F IGURE 

## 2.2 O RANGE 

## C REEK 

## B ASIN 

## BMAP W ATERBODIES

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

17 

# 3.0 Total Maximum Daily Loads in the Orange Creek Basin

TMDLs, which DEP adopts by rule, establish the maximum amount of specific pollutants that a waterbody can assimilate while maintaining water quality standards, including designated uses. All surface waters in the Orange Creek Basin are designated as Class III waters in accordance with Rule 62-302, F.A.C., defined as having suitable water quality for recreational use and for the propagation and maintenance of a healthy, well-balanced population of fish and wildlife.

TMDLs quantify the pollutant reductions that are needed to achieve water quality targets, based on state water quality standards. A TMDL is expressed as the sum of all point source loads, nonpoint source loads, and an appropriate margin of safety (MOS), which takes into account uncertainty about the relationship between effluent limitations and water quality.

TMDLs are developed by DEP for specific pollutants (such as total nitrogen [TN], total phosphorus [TP], fecal coliform bacteria, and others) in specific waterbodies. To establish a TMDL, DEP assesses each impaired waterbody, t he pollutant(s) contributing to the impairment, the amount of pollutant(s) entering the waterbody during a specified period, and the degree to which those pollutant loads must be reduced to meet the TMDL water quality target. DEP uses computer modeling and statistical evaluations as part of the assessment process. DEP determines the level of pollutant(s) that each waterbody can receive while maintaining its goal of Class III designated use and criteria, and identifies the corresponding pollutant reduction

needed to achieve the TMDL.

Within the Orange Creek Basin, TP, TN, and fecal coliform bacteria were identified as the primary pollutants causing impairment. In 2003, DEP adopted TMDLs for six of the impaired waterbodies in the Orange Creek Basin and, in 2006, adopted the Alachua Sink TMDL. Table

3.1 lists the adopted TMDLs. Details on all Orange Creek Basin TMDLs can be found in the following resources:

• Newnans Lake: Gao, X., and D. Gilbert (2003),

• Orange Lake: Gao, X., and D. Gilbert (2003),

• Lake Wauberg: Wu, T., A. Baniukiewicz, and D. Gilbert (2003),

• Hogtown Creek: Shelley, Z., and W. Magley (2003),

• Tumblin Creek: Shelley, Z., and W. Magley (2003),

• Sweetwater Branch: Burger, C., and W. Magley (2003), and

• Alachua Sink: Gao, X., D. Gilbert, and W. Magley (2006).

A TMDL was drafted for Lochloosa Lake, but the adoption of the TMDL was deferred due to the lack of supporting data and information needed for its completion. Regardless, the Orange Creek BWG chose to evaluate possible management actions to decrease nutrient loading to Lochloosa Lake because of the potential improvement in water quality that could result in Lochloosa Lake and in downstream Orange Lake.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200818TABLE3.1. TMDLSADDRESSED IN THEORANGECREEKBASINWASTELOADALLOCATIONTMDLCATEGORYWATERBODYWBIDPARAMETERTMDLBASELINELOADING(LBS/YEAR)TMDL(LBS/YEAR)WASTEWATER(LBS/YEAR)NPDESSTORMWATER(%REDUCTION)LOADALLOCATION(LBS/YEAR)%REDUCTIONNEEDEDTN 315,510 85,470 3,104 - 82,366 74%Newnans Lake2705BTP 25,732 10,924 386 - 10,538 59%Orange Lake2749ATP 27,889 15,262 - - 15,262 45%TN 4,064 2,062.4 - - 2,062.4 51%Lake Wauberg2741TP 748 374 - - 374 50%NutrientsAlachua Sink2720ATN 462,557 256,322 41,003 45% 215,319 45%WASTELOADALLOCATIONTMDLCATEGORYWATERBODYWBIDPARAMETERTMDLBASELINELOADING(COUNTS/100ML)TMDL(COUNTS/100ML)WASTEWATER(COUNTS/DAY)NPDESSTORMWATER(%REDUCTION)LOADALLOCATION(COUNTS/100MLOR%REDUCTION)%REDUCTIONNEEDEDHogtown Creek2698FecalColiform1,633 800 - 51% 51% 51%Tumblin Creek2718AFecalColiform3,077 800 - 74% 74% 74%ColiformSweetwater Branch2711FecalColiform2,667 800 2.27E + 11 70% 70% 70%Notes:WBID – Waterbody identification number; lbs – Pounds; mL – Milliliter; - – Not applicable; NPDES – National Pollutant DischargeElimination System.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

19 

## During the second rotation of the basin management cycle in the Orange Creek Basin, DEP will be collecting new water quality data, identifying additional impaired waters, and developing additional TMDLs. This may necessitate the revision of the BMAP in the future to accommodate new TMDL waterbodies and/or pollutants.



# 4.0 BMAP Development Process

The BMAP process was structured to achieve cooperation and consensus among a broad range of interested parties. The process promoted the engagement of local stakeholders in a coordinated and collaborative manner to address the reductions of loadings of nutrients and bacteria needed to achieve the Orange Creek Basin TMDLs. It built upon existing water quality improvement programs and local partnerships, such as the Gainesville Clean Water Partnership, to address water quality problems.

Meaningful public involvement was a key component of the Orange Creek BMAP development process. In October 2004, DEP convened the Orange Creek BWG, comprising representatives of local, regional, state, business, and community interests, to develop a BMAP to achieve the TMDLs for the basin. Stakeholders established one BWG and created three subcommittees to address specific issues: Lakes/Forestry, Monitoring, and Public Education and Outreach. Members of the BWG comprise these subgroups.

The BWG took a consensus-based, collaborative approach when making decisions on the content of the BMAP. The BWG agreed to make every effort to develop proposals that all members could support.

The members of the BWG met nearly monthly from October 2004 through June 2007, with subsequent meetings in August and September 2007. As discussion with BWG members proceeded to a point where decisions about the specific responsibilities of each partner were discussed, meetings were formally noticed in the Florida Administrative Weekly

.

In addition to the BWG, a number of focused briefings and general public meetings were

held to discuss the BMAP. Table 4.1 summarizes the Orange Creek BWG structure, membership, and these broader public involvement efforts. Groups or organizations contacted included the Gainesville Water Management Committee, Alachua County Environmental Protection Advisory Committee, Eastside Garden Club, Suwannee St. Johns Sierra Club, Women for Wise Growth, and Sustainable Alachua County.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

20 

## T ABLE 

## 4.1. B ASIN 

## W ORKING 

## G ROUP 

## O RGANIZATIONAL 

## S TRUCTURE



## B ASIN 

## W ORKING 

## G ROUP 

## (BWG)

Function :

• Develop a consensus-based BMAP to impl ement TMDLs in the Orange Creek Basin.

• Has final decision-making role on BMAP development.

Makeup :

• Alachua County (Environmental Protection Department, Public Works, and Environmental Protection Advisory Committee)

• Marion County

• City of Gainesville

• Town of McIntosh

• Gainesville Regional Utilities

• Gainesville Clean Water Partnership

• Gainesville Water Management Committee

• University of Florida

• St. Johns River Water Management District Meetings/Workshops Held: Generally monthly meetings were held from October 2004 through June 2007, with subsequent meetings held in August and September 2007. • Florida Department of Transportation

• Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

• Florida Department of Agri culture and Consumer Services (includes Division of Forestry)

• Alachua County Health Department, Florida Department of

Health

• Florida Department of Environmental Protection

• Plum Creek Timber Company

• Florida Forestry Association

• Women for Wise Growth

• Sustainable Alachua County

• Sierra Club



## C ITIZEN 

## I NPUT



### Function :

• Ensure that all interested parties ar e involved and heard in the TMDL process.

• Ensure the broad dissemination of TMDL information and the BMAP.

• Allow for the public discussion of issues and strategies. Makeup :

• Interested parties and the public at large. Sierra Clu b, Women for Wise Growth, Sustainable Alachua County,

and Eastside Garden Club invited. Public Meetings/Workshops held :

• November 7, 2007

Note : Several interested citizens also attended the BWG meetings regularly.



## S PECIAL 

## B RIEFINGS 

## /P RESENTATIONS



### Function :

• To brief councils, commissions, special interest groups, community organizations, and others on the TMDL process and the progress of the BWG, as requested or needed. Meetings/Workshops held :

• Gainesville Water Management Advisory Committee/Alachua County Environmental Protection Advisory Committee – July 25, 2006, and October 25, 2007

• Gainesville Recreation, Cultural Affairs and Public Works Committee – July 26, 2005, and November 1, 2007

• Alachua County Community Planning Group – November 6, 2007

• Alachua County Rural Concerns Citizens Committee – November 15, 2007

• SJRWMD Governing Board’s Projects and Lands Committee – December 10, 2007 Makeup :

• Affected and/or interested elected bodies, or ganizations, and other groups in the basin.



## C OMMISSION 

## B RIEFINGS



### Local Government Commission Briefings : Alachua County: June 22, 2004, and December 11, 2007 Marion County: December 4, 2007 City of Gainesville: June 14, 2004, and December 10, 2007

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

21 

# 5.0 Pollutant Reduction Allocations

The objective of a TMDL is to determine acceptable loads among anthropogenic pollutant sources in a watershed so that appropriate control measures can be implemented and meaningful progress can be made toward achieving water quality standards.

Under the FWRA (Subsection 403.067[7], F.S.), the TMDL allocation may be an “initial” pollutant allocation among point and nonpoint sources. In such cases, the further allocation to specific point sources and specific categories of nonpoint sources is established in a BMAP. The FWRA further states that the BMAP may make detailed allocations to individual “basins” (i.e., sub-basins) or to all basins as a whole, as appropriate. Both initial and
detailed allocations must be determined based on a number of factors listed in the FWRA, including cost-benefit, technical and environmental feasibility, implementation time frames, feasible funding strategy, and others.

The Orange Creek BWG agreed that it would be appropriate to use the initial allocations adopted as part of each TMDL. The following factors were considered in making this

decision.

• Only two major point sources are identified in the TMDL wasteload allocations for nutrients: domestic wastewater (GRU) and municipal stormwater discharge. Municipal stormwater discharges also have

allocations in the bacteria TMDLs. Allocations to these sources were adequately documented in the TMDL.

• Uncertainty about the sources of both fecal coliform bacteria and nutrients requires further source investigation to determine whether it is necessary and feasible to allocate specific responsibility among nonpoint sources. Formulating allocations more detailed than those adopted in the TMDLs, particularly for bacteria, would be speculative

with the current data and information available.

• The SJRWMD is developing PLRGs for Newnans Lake, Lochloosa Lake, and Orange Lake that should provide additional information on major sources of nutrient pollutants and allowable loadings. Once developed, the PLRGs will help identify where reductions can be

made.

• Although local governments and DOT have independent permit responsibilities, the interconnectedness of their stormwater infrastructure requires local municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) permittees to cooperate closely to meet their permit responsibilities. Therefore, the BWG did not assign responsibility for reductions to the specific entities that share common stormwater infrastructure. This cooperation occurs in part through the Gainesville Clean Water Partnership between the City of Gainesville, DOT, and Alachua County. Together the partnership shares NPDES permit responsibilities. The partnership also cooperates in implementing TMDL projects.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

22 

# 6.0 Pollutant Sources and Management Actions

The Orange Creek BMAP contains a series of current and planned management actions, identified by local entities, whose purpose is to manage loadings of nutrients (lakes and Alachua Sink) and fecal coliform (streams). The management actions (completed, ongoing, and planned) identified in the BMAP are targeted at addressing both the pollutant loads from historical, current, and estimated future sources associated with basin population growth and the resulting land use changes.

This section begins with some general assumptions and considerations, a description of quantifiable nutrient and fecal coliform bacteria reductions, and BMAP implementation costs. Next, the impact of future growth is discussed. The remainder of the section describes the waterbodies, the pollutant sources, and the management actions completed, under way, or planned to achieve the TMDL.



# BMAP Assumptions and Considerations

The water quality benefits of BMAP implementation are based on some fundamental assumptions and considerations, as follows:

• Multiparameter Impacts – Actions in this BMAP that decrease fecal

coliform will also decrease nutrients.

• Unquantified Project Impacts – Some of the projects and activities contained in the BMAP cannot be quantified with regard to the reductions in coliform or nutrients they might achieve. However, because of their positive project impact, it is assumed that these actions will help reduce pollutant loads.

• Source Identification – Fecal coliform impairment sources are particularly difficult to trace. For this reason, source identification studies are included as management actions.

• Future Growth – Based on U.S. Census Bureau data gathered and evaluated through the BMAP process, basinwide future growth predicted through 2015 is not expected to substantially increase pollutant loads. However, emerging growth patterns in the East Gainesville area of the basin indicate that Census predictions may not adequately reflect the changes in land use that could occur in that area or other localized parts of the basin with large tracts of undeveloped land. It is uncertain to what extent future growth in these more localized areas will increase pollutant loads. There are programs in place to ensure that the possible effects are reduced, but extra effort may be needed.

• Water Quality Issues – This BMAP addresses water quality issues in the basin for which impairments were identified at the start of the BMAP process. Other water quality issues (e.g., erosion control, hazardous waste, etc.) are addressed through programs other than the TMDL Program.

• Implementation Schedule– BMAP implementation will be a longterm process. While many of the projects and activities contained in the BMAP are recently completed or currently ongoing, key projects

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

23 

## and studies may extend beyond the first five-year BMAP cycle. Therefore, TMDLs established for the basin will not necessarily be achieved in the near term. Regular follow-up and continued BWG activity will ensure that management actions are carried out and that their incremental effects are assessed. As each five-year basin cycle is completed and more information is gathered, additional management actions to achieve TMDLs will be developed.



# Management Action Overview

As part of this BMAP, stakeholders have committed to a wide variety of management actions. Activities fall into several categories, as follows:

• Public education and outreach,

• Wastewater infrastructure management, maintenance, repair, and upgrade (sewer and septic systems),

• Stormwater permit program implementation,

• Structural stormwater best management practices (BMPs),

• Agriculture and silviculture BMPs,

• Land acquisition (conservation and BMP),

• A fecal coliform bacteria “hot spot” program,

• Restoration and water quality improvements, and

• Special studies and planning efforts.

Table 6.1 summarizes which stakeholders are actively involved in particular types of management actions. In addition to these acti vities, stakeholders are also implementing regulations, policies, and procedures to minimize pollutant loads to impaired waters in the Orange Creek Basin. The Orange Creek Basin BMAP Supporting Document contains descriptions of stakeholder programs.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200824TABLE6.1. SUMMARY OFORANGECREEKBMAPCATEGORIES,BYSTAKEHOLDERBMAP Management Action CategoriesStakeholders Public Education Wastewater Infrastructure Management (Sewer and Septic Systems) Stormwater Permit Program Structural Stormwater BMPs Agriculture and Silviculture BMPs Conservation / BMP Land Acquisition Bacteria “Hot Spot” Program Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Special Studies and Planning ActionsCommentsCity ofGainesville* * * * * * *•Significant investments have been made instormwater infrastructure maintenance andretrofits•Partner in Sweetwater Branch/PaynesPrairie Sheetflow Restoration Project•Conservation land acquisition•Partner in urban creeks bacteria “hot spots”projectAlachua County* * * * * * *•Ambient surface water quality monitoring,citizen complaint response, investigation ofillicit discharges, Water Quality Codeimplementation, Hazardous MaterialsManagement Code (HMMC)implementation, and facility inspections,along with education and outreach activities•Conservation land acquisition•Partner in Sweetwater Branch/PaynesPrairie Sheetflow Restoration Project•Partner in urban creeks bacteria “hot spots”projectFINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200825TABLE6.1.(CONTINUED)BMAP Management Action CategoriesStakeholders Public Education Wastewater Infrastructure Management (Sewer and Septic Systems) Stormwater Permit Program Structural Stormwater BMPs Agriculture and Silviculture BMPs Conservation / BMP Land Acquisition Bacteria “Hot Spot” Program Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Special Studies and Planning ActionsCommentsMarion County* * * * *•Marion County Clean Water Programresponsible for implementation of publiceducation and outreach activities,investigation of illicit discharges, compliancefor construction siterunoff, implementationof watershed management plans to identifywater quality issues and BMPs to correctthose issues, oversee surface water qualitymonitoring for select waterbodies, andmaintain county’s drainage retention areas.•Clean Farms Initiative•Marion County aquifer vulnerability study.Alachua CountyHealthDepartment**septicsystems* *•Investigate failing septic systems and takeappropriate corrective actions•Issue new, repair, and modification septicsystem permits pursuant to FloridaAdministrative Code or local ordinance•Partner in Sweetwater Branch/PaynesPrairie Sheetflow Restoration Project•Partner in urban creeks bacteria “hot spots”projectFINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200826TABLE6.1.(CONTINUED)BMAP Management Action CategoriesStakeholders Public Education Wastewater Infrastructure Management (Sewer and Septic Systems) Stormwater Permit Program Structural Stormwater BMPs Agriculture and Silviculture BMPs Conservation / BMP Land Acquisition Bacteria “Hot Spot” Program Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Special Studies and Planning ActionsCommentsGainesvilleRegionalUtilities**Sanitarysewersystem only* * *•Sewer line inspections, testing, and repair•Asset management system•New construction review and inspectionprograms to meet minimum materialstandards and design criteria•Spill prevention programs•Achieved wastewater delivery efficiency rate(based on volume) approaching 100%•Spill rate, for 2004–07, less than 25% ofnational average•Initiated comprehensive bacteria sourcetracking study•Partner in urban creeks bacteria “hot spots”project. Involved in preventive maintenanceportions of the project•Partner in Sweetwater Branch/PaynesPrairie Sheetflow Restoration ProjectGainesvilleClean WaterPartnershipCity ofGainesville,Alachua County,and FloridaDepartment ofTransportation* * * *•Unique to Orange Creek Basin•Dedicated to working with community forhealthy waterways•Provides foundation for public outreach,BMP implementation, facility inspections,and other pollution prevention programs.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200827TABLE6.1. (CONTINUED)BMAP Management Action CategoriesStakeholders Public Education Wastewater Infrastructure Management (Sewer and Septic Systems) Stormwater Permit Program Structural Stormwater BMPs Agriculture and Silviculture BMPs Conservation / BMP Land Acquisition Bacteria “Hot Spot” Program Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Special Studies and Planning ActionsCommentsSt. Johns RiverWaterManagementDistrict* * * *•Watershed Action Volunteers (WAV)Program•Conservation land acquisition•PLRG development for Newnans Lake,Lochloosa Lake, and Orange Lake, includingmajor source identification•Partner in Sweetwater Branch/PaynesPrairie Sheetflow Restoration ProjectFloridaDepartment ofAgriculture andConsumerServices andPrivateLandowners* *•Container nursery and row crop BMPmanuals adopted•Development of additional BMP manuals inprogressFlorida Divisionof Forestry andPrivateLandowners* *•Silviculture industry has also been proactivein implementation of BMPs on industrialsilviculture operations•Significant participation in silviculture BMPprogram has been achievedFloridaDepartment ofTransportation* * * * *•Extensive stormwater management facilitieshave been constructed in association withroad maintenance activitiesFINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200828TABLE6.1. (CONTINUED)BMAP Management Action CategoriesStakeholders Public Education Wastewater Infrastructure Management (Sewer and Septic Systems) Stormwater Permit Program Structural Stormwater BMPs Agriculture and Silviculture BMPs Conservation / BMP Land Acquisition Bacteria “Hot Spot” Program Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Special Studies and Planning ActionsCommentsFlorida Fish andWildlifeConservationCommission* *•Aquatic plant management and research onwildlife issuesFloridaDepartment ofEnvironmentalProtection* * * * *•Funding support for specific projects•Invasive aquaticplant management•Paynes Prairie Preserve State Park•Partner in urban creeks bacteria “hot spots”project as funding source

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

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# Management Actions

Management actions are the activities or proj ects that BWG members are implementing to reduce pollutant loadings in TMDL waterbodies. Tables 10.1 through 10.9, listed below and

located at the end of Section 10.0 , provide details of the management actions proposed by the BWG to address the TMDLs in the basin. Management actions were grouped in a table by category of activity. Within each table, projects are organized by the waterbodies or geographic area to which the management actions apply. The tables include a description of each project, the lead entity/project partners, cost and funding source(s), schedule, and anticipated benefits and load reductions (if known).

Table 10.1A. Structural BMPs—Quantifiable Load Reductions

Table 10.1B. Structural BMPs—Load Reductions Not Currently Quantified

Table 10.2. Agricultural BMPs

Table 10.3. Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Projects

Table 10.4. Regulations, Ordinances, and Guidelines

Table 10.5. Special Studies and Planning Efforts

Table 10.6. Education and Outreach Efforts

Table 10.7. Basic Stormwater Management Program Implementation

Table 10.8. Conservation Land Acquisition / BMP Land Acquisition

Table 10.9. Wastewater Infrastructure Management, Maintenance, Repair, and Upgrade

Where data were available, the tables list the net estimated nutrient load reductions expected from a management action. Only a small number of structural projects were quantifiable. As future management actions are implemented, nutrient load reductions will be quantified to the

extent that data are available.

Management actions proposed in this BMAP to decrease fecal coliform loads to urban creeks (e.g., public education regarding pet waste management) are not conducive to quantitative load reduction estimates. As such, the benefits of coliform management actions were largely evaluated on a qualitative basis.

Cost information is provided for each project listed in the tables. Where the cost of a project could not be adequately defined, it is indicated as unavailable in the tables. Costs for some projects may not be fully developed and are currently unknown. Costs for maintenance and operation activities are generally not accounted for on an individual waterbody basis, but rather cover larger areas that include many waterbodies.

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# Local Initiatives and Programs

Management actions undertaken by local stakeholders in response to the adoption of TMDLs included both new projects or activities or expansion or revision of existing programs or projects.

BWG members added new projects or programs to better address the understanding of water quality impairments or improvements in water quality required by the TMDLs ( Table

6.2 ). Studies undertaken by DEP to investigate the influence of ground water inputs into Orange Lake, Newnans Lake, and Lochloosa Lake, the fecal coliform bacteria hot spot initiative, and investigations by the ACHD into the contributions from OSTDSs in Tumblin Creek, Sweetwater Branch, and Hogtown Creek were the direct result of the adoption of TMDLs. The Alachua Sink TMDL generated a number of studies that addressed the feasibility of restoring Paynes Prairies wetlands by returning sheetflow across the Prairie rather than discharge of water from Sweetwater Branch into Alachua Sink.

Many of the projects that members of the BWG identified for incorporation in the BMAP were part of existing programs but were ex panded in scope to help address the TMDLs ( Table

6.3 ). Water quality monitoring efforts were expanded to aid TMDL development. The SJRWMD’s development of PLRGs for the lakes and more detailed nutrient source identification were expanded in effort as a result of the TMDLs. MST activities and additional bacterial monitoring performed by GRU and Alachua County were expanded to support TMDL implementation.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200831TABLE6.2. NEWPROJECTSPROPOSED BYBWGMEMBERS THATADDRESSTMDLSProject Number –Project NameWBID /WaterbodyNameLead EntityManagementCategoryProject Number –Project NameWBID /Waterbody NameLead EntityManagementCategoryHOG15 - Evaluation ofResidential SepticSystems alongHogtown and PossumCreeks2698 /HogtownCreekACHD,EnvironmentalHealth SectionSpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsOCB01 - CommunityBased SocialMarketing WorkshopHydrologic UnitCode (HUC)03080102 /Orange CreekBasinSustainableAlachua County;DEP; City ofGainesville;Alachua CountySpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsWAU01 - Evaluation ofSeptic SystemsSurrounding LakeWauberg2741 / LakeWaubergACHD,EnvironmentalHealth SectionSpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsNEW08 - GroundWater–Surface WaterInteraction Study,Newnans LakeNewnans Lake /2705BDEPSpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsLOCH07 - GroundWater – Surface WaterInteraction StudyLochloosa Lake Area,Alachua and MarionCounties, Florida2749; 2738A/ OrangeLake;LochloosaLakeDEPSpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsBACTERIA16 -Evaluation of FecalColiform Bacteria"Hot Spots" inGainesville UrbanCreeks2718A; 2711;2698 / TumblinCreek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreekDEP; ACEPD;City ofGainesvillePublic Works;GRU; ACHDSpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsS04 - ExpandedNutrient MonitoringAlachua Sink /AlachuaSink /2720AAlachuaCountyEnvironmentalProtectionDepartment(ACEPD) / --SpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsAS13 - GainesvilleRegional UtilitiesReclaimed WaterMaster Plan /Alachua Sink /2720AGRU / --SpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsFINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200832TABLE6.2. (CONTINUED)Project Number –Project NameWBID /WaterbodyNameLead EntityManagementCategoryProject Number –Project NameWBID /Waterbody NameLead EntityManagementCategoryAS05 - FeasibilityAnalysis of SweetwaterBranch SheetflowRestoration Project atPaynes PrairiePreserve State Park,Alachua County,Florida /AlachuaSink /2720ACity ofGainesvillePublic Worksand GRU /DEP Parksand RecreationSpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsAS15 - PaynesPrairie SheetflowRestorationConceptual Plan /Alachua Sink /2720ACity ofGainesville,GRU / DEPDivision of Parksand Recreation;SJRWMDSpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsAS11 - Alachua SinkIntensive Study andMain Street WaterReclamation Facility(WRF) Water ReuseFeasibility /AlachuaSink /2720AGRU / --SpecialStudies andPlanningEffortsAS16 - PaynesPrairie SheetflowRestorationEvaluation of MainStreet WRFUpgradesAlachua Sink /2720AGRU / --SpecialStudies andPlanningEfforts

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

33 

## T ABLE 

## 6.3. P ROJECTS 

## P ROPOSED BY 

## BWG M EMBERS THAT 

## W ERE 

## E NHANCED 

## T O 

## A DDRESS 

## TMDL S



### Project Number –

Project Name WBID / Waterbody

Name Lead Entity / Project Partners Management Category

AS04 - Expanded Nutrient Monitoring

Alachua Sink 2720A / Alachua

Sink ACEPD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

HAT01 - Expanded

Coliform and Iron Monitoring 2688 / Hatchet

Creek ACEPD / Alachua County, City of Gainesville, DOT, District 2 (Gainesville Clean Water Partnership) Special Studies and Planning Efforts

OR06 - Equine

BMPs 2749; 2738A; 2754; 2705B / Orange
Lake; Newnans
Lake; Lochloosa Lake; Cross Creek DACS’ Office of Ag ricultural Water Policy (OAWP) / Private landowners Agriculture BMPs

NUTRIENT06 -

Cow/Calf BMPs 2749; 2738A; 2754; 2705B / Orange
Lake; Newnans
Lake; Lochloosa Lake; Cross Creek DACS’ OAWP / Private landowners Agriculture BMPs

NUTRIENT03 -

Silviculture BMP Implementation and Compliance 2749; 2738A; 2754; 2705B / Orange
Lake; Newnans
Lake; Lochloosa Lake; Cross Creek DACS’ Division of Forestry / SJRWMD;

Private landowners Agriculture BMPs

SWT18 - Expanded Nutrient Monitoring

Sweetwater Branch 2711 / Sweetwater

Branch ACEPD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

BACTERIA02 -

Fecal Coliform

Source Assessment 2718A; 2711 / Tumblin Creek; Sweetwater Branch;

Hogtown Creek ;

2698 / ACEPD / Alachua County, City of Gainesville, DOT, District 2 (Gainesville Clean Water Partnership) Special Studies and Planning Efforts

BACTERIA03 -

Coliform Wet and Dry Season

Assessment 2718A; 2711; 2698 / Tumblin Creek; Sweetwater Branch;

Hogtown Creek ACEPD / Alachua County, City of Gainesville, DOT, District 2 (Gainesville Clean Water Partnership) Special Studies and Planning Efforts

BACTERIA04 - Expanded Fecal

Coliform Bacteria Monitoring 2718A; 2711; 2698 / Tumblin Creek; Sweetwater Branch;

Hogtown Creek ACEPD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

BACTERIA06 - Optical Brighteners 2718A; 2711; 2698 Tumblin Creek; Sweetwater Branch;

Hogtown Creek / ACEPD / Alachua County, City of Gainesville, DOT, District 2 (Gainesville Clean Water Partnership) Special Studies and Planning Efforts

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

34 

## T ABLE 

## 6.3. (C ONTINUED 

## )

Project Number –

Project Name WBID / Waterbody

Name Lead Entity / Project Partners Management Category

NEW10 – Spatial Nutrient Loading Dynamics in the

Newnans Lake

Watershed 2688; 2705B; 2728 /

Newnans Lake SJRWMD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

LOCH01 – Development of

Pollutant Load

Reduction Goals

(PLRGs) for

Lochloosa Lake 2738A; 2754 /
Lochloosa Lake;

Cross Creek SJRWMD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

ORO01 – Development of

Pollutant Load

Reduction Goals

(PLRGs) for Orange Lake 2749 / Orange Lake SJRWMD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

NEW01 – Development of

Pollutant Load

Reduction Goals

(PLRGs) for

Newnans Lake 2705B / Newnans

Lake SJRWMD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

NEW09 – Nutrient Loading Estimation during Storm Event 2688; 2705B; 2728 /
Newnans Lake;

Lochloosa Lake SJRWMD Special Studies and Planning Efforts

SWT30 - In-stream

Bioassessments in the Hogtown Creek,

Sweetwater
Branch, Tumblin

Creek, Little Hatchet Creek, Hatchet Creek, and

Lake Forest Creek

Watersheds 2698; 2711; 2718A; 2695; 2688; 2709 /

Hogtown Creek; Tumblin Creek; Sweetwater Branch; Little Hatchet Creek; Hatchet Creek; and

Lake Forest Creek DOT, District 2, Alachua County and ACEPD, City of Gainesville, (Gainesville Clean Water Partnership) Special Studies and Planning Efforts

BACTERIA05 -

Microbial Source Tracking Study Tumblin Creek; Sweetwater Branch;

Hogtown Creek /
2718A; 2711; 2698 GRU Special Studies and Planning Efforts

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

35 

## Agricultural and forestry BMPs are developed for statewide implementation. However, as a result of the adoption of TMDLs, DACS is strengthening programs that educate private landowners about BMPs, assist them with implementation, and verify their compliance. DACS has BMP projects and programs in place to address current and future agricultural loadings to impaired waters. In cooperation with local agricultural operators, these programs will help decrease nutrient loads from agricultural activi ties in the basin. Specific management actions for impaired waters are described in the Orange Creek BMAP Supporting Document

.

To meet the intent of the FWRA with regard to agriculture, DACS’ OAWP will adopt BMP manuals for cow/calf, equine, and sod operations. OAWP staff will focus efforts on enrolling cow/calf and equine producers to implement BM Ps and will provide educational, cost-share, and technical assistance to producers as funding allows. The OAWP will work with DEP to verify the effectiveness of priority cow/calf and equine BMPs.

DACS’ Division of Forestry will continue to implement the Silviculture BMP Program, including
outreach for nonindustrial silviculture landowners, and other educational efforts. Most of the commercial silviculture acreage in the basin is managed by large industrial operators, all of whom participate in the Division of Forestr y BMP implementation program. These BMPs establish minimum standards for protecting and maintaining water quality and wildlife habitat during forestry activities and were adopted as rule under Section 51-6.002, F.A.C. The Division of Forestry routinely performs biennial compliance inspections of BMPs. As part of this BMAP, the inspection rate in the basin was increased to annually.

Local governments also implement operation an d maintenance programs to promote long-term infrastructure function and integrity. Examples are provided in the following paragraphs.

GRU wastewater collection system operations and maintenance costs were $1.82 million for fiscal year (FY) 2007. This expenditure funds the following types of activities:

• Closed-Circuit TV Inspection/Repair and Cleaning,

• Infiltration & Inflow (I & I) Testing,

• Sliplining of Gravity Mains Adjacent to Urban Creeks,

• Force Main Integrity Testing,

• GIS Asset Management System – Mapping and Targeted Maintenance,

• Plan Review and New Development Inspection – Redundancy, Oversizing, and New Standard Practices to Improve Reliability,

• Annual Water/Wastewater Engineering Operation and Maintenance Services, and

• Wastewater Spill Prevention Programs.

Through its operation and maintenance activities, GRU has achieved a wastewater delivery efficiency rate (based on volume) approaching 100%, and for the 2004–07 period maintained a spill rate of less than 25% of the national average. These are significant achievements that

benefit all waterbodies within the GRU service area.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

36 

## Alachua County, Marion County, the City of Ga inesville, University of Florida (UF), and DOT have routine operations and maintenance programs that manage pollutant loads through pollution prevention activities. Regular street sweeping to remove dirt and debris and the maintenance of swales are examples of pollution prevention activities practiced by local governments. Many of their activities are covered under MS4 NPDES stormwater permits and at a minimum cover the detection and elimination of illicit discharges; construction site sediment and erosion control; post construction runoff control; pollution prevention/good housekeeping; and public education, outreach, and participation.

Alachua County and the City of Gainesville have developed BMPs for municipal goodhousekeeping activities, including street cleaning, hazardous materials storage, fleet management, and stormwater collection system cleaning. Table 10.7 provides more complete project descriptions.

The ACHD permits the installation and repair of septic systems. After the ACHD has approved a septic system, the property owner is responsible for maintaining it. The ACHD has statutory authority to enforce corrective actions on faili ng or improperly maintained septic systems.

Additional information about local government operation and maintenance programs may also

be obtained from the Orange Creek Basin BMAP Supporting Document

.



# Managing Pollutant Loads from Future Growth

As required by the FWRA, nutrient and fecal coliform loadings associated with future growth were considered as part of the BMAP. These estimates were based on anticipated population growth in the basin obtained from U.S. Census Bureau data gathered and evaluated through the BMAP process. Basinwide, future growth predicted through 2015 is not expected to substantially increase pollutant loads. However, emerging growth patterns in East Gainesville, particularly the Newnans Lake sub-basin, indica te that Census predictions may not adequately reflect the changes in land use that could occur in that area or other localized parts of the basin. There are programs in place to ensure that the possible effects are reduced, but extra caution in future permitting may be needed in specific locations within the basin.

The management actions considered by stakeholder s include a number of activities that proactively address pollutant loadings from new development (or redevelopment) through regulations, ordinances, or guidelines. The application of Low Impact Development (LID) principles is a key management action being advanced and used by stakeholders to offset the effects of future growth. LID is an approach to land development that uses various land planning and design practices and technologies to simultaneously protect natural resource systems and reduce infrastructure costs. Key LID principles include the following:

• Incorporation of small-scale stormwater treatment systems integrated at
the lot level,

• Increased infiltration,

• Reduction of impervious surfaces,

• Preservation/protection of environmentally sensitive features, and

• Use of multiple strategies (i.e., treatment train).

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

37 

## Innovative stormwater management strategies ar e a significant component of LID. The basic concept is to manage runoff at the source with decentralized techniques that replicate a site's predevelopment hydrology. These design techniques infiltrate, filter, store, evaporate, and detain runoff close to its source. LID is a versatile approach that can be applied to new development, urban retrofits, and redevel opment/revitalization projects. Table 6.4 lists local examples.

Key components that are part of LID design are as follows:

• Site design (clustering, decreasing impervious surfaces, disconnected impervious areas),

• Swales and filter strips,

• Porous pavements,

• Green roofs,

• Bioretention areas (i.e., rain gardens),

• Florida-Friendly Landscaping (including local Florida Yards & Neighborhoods workshops and outreach programs),

• Buffers, and

• Education and outreach (e.g., Marion County LID Workshop on April 5, 2007; Alachua County’s LID and the Benefit to Water Quality Workshop on March 22, 2007).

T ABLE 

## 6.4. L OCAL 

## LID E XAMPLES IN THE 

## O RANGE 

## C REEK 

## B ASIN



### Site/Development Location LID Techniques

Madera Idyllwild Seronola Area,

SW Williston Road Swales, no curbs, narrow roads, limited land clearing, native vegetated la ndscapes, use of natural drainage, green construction materials

Hillside Villas SW Hawthorne Road Exfiltration vault under volleyball court

UF Buildings: Mary Ann Cofrin-Harn

Pavilion UF Orthopedics Surgery & Sports Medicine Institute

Rinker Hall UF Campus Roof runoff directed to cisterns for storage and slow ground water recharge, nat ive vegetation used for landscaping, and other practices.

Residence Inn SW 40 th 

### Boulevard (east

of I-75 and north of Archer Road) Exfiltration vaults (Atlantis Rain tank) under parking area to supplement stormwater basin as open space

Comfort Suites Idylwild/Serenola SAS,

SW 13 th 

### Street north of

Williston Road Exfiltration vaults (Atlantis Rain tank) under parking

area

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

38 

## A number of other LID projects have been completed in the basin. Stakeholders intend to continue promoting LID principles, programs, and incentives to limit the pollutant loads associated with new development.



# Waterbody Assessments

The next section is organized around the eight impaired waterbodies in the basin. For each waterbody there is a brief overview of the location and hydrology; the sources of pollutant loadings; the completed, ongoing, or planned management actions; key unknowns and future studies; and anticipated results from management actions. The urban creeks are discussed first, followed by Alachua Sink and the three lakes (Newnans, Wauberg, and Orange).



# Urban Creeks (Hogtown and Tumblin; Sweetwater Branch)

Three creeks within the Orange Creek Basin are designated by DEP as impaired waters— Hogtown and Tumblin Creeks and Sweetwater Branch—due to high levels of fecal coliform

bacteria. Due to the similarities in colif orm bacteria sources and management actions, these three urban creeks are discussed as a group in the next section.

Hogtown and Tumblin Creeks and Sweetwater Branch

Parameter Causing Impairment: Fecal Coliform

Hogtown Creek is approximately 5.7 miles long and is located in the City of Gainesville (central Alachua County). It receives stormwater runoff from the City of Gainesville, which it discharges to the Floridan aquifer through Haile Sink.

Approximately 65% of the land use in the Hogtown Creek watershed and surrounding Hogtown Prairie is characterized as low-density residential, 15% is commercial, and the remaining 20% is divided between mixed hardwood forest, forested wetlands, silvicultural, agricultural, and institutional uses (ACEPD, 2004).

Tumblin Creek, also located in the City of Ga inesville, is approximately 2.3 miles long. The creek flows to Bivens Arm Lake, whose outflow t hen travels to Paynes Prairie, where it enters the Floridan aquifer via the Primary Sink Feature adjacent to Alachua Sink. The Tumblin Creek watershed encompasses about 3.8 square miles of urban Gainesville. CH2M HILL (1985) reported 60% of this area to be impervious. The sub-basin is highly urbanized, except for the Bivens Arm floodplain, including some areas of development directly along the creek.

Sweetwater Branch is an urban creek that flows through the City of Gainesville. Its watershed is mainly contained within the city limits. Approxim ately 2.8 miles long, it drains 3.3 square miles and is one of the smaller creeks in the Orange Creek Basin. It flows into Paynes Prairie Preserve State Park and ultimately discharges to the Floridan aquifer via the Primary Sink Feature adjacent to Alachua Sink. GRU’s Main Street WRF is the only permitted domestic wastewater discharge to Sweetwater Branch, and GRU’s J.R. Kelly Generating Station is the only permitted industrial wastewater facility.

Census data gathered and evaluated through the BMAP process indicate that future growth predicted through 2015 is not expected to substantially increase pollutant loads in the Hogtown, Sweetwater, and Tumblin sub-basins.

Pollutant Sources and Management Actions

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

39 

## Elevated coliform counts are regularly observed in all three creeks throughout the year. Compared with the state standard of 800 counts/100mL, Tumblin Creek exceeded the standard 75% of the time; Sweetwater, 48%; and Hogtown, 89% (Shelley and Magley, 2003; Burger and Magley, 2003). Potential sources of fecal coliform bacteria detected in the streams may come from many different places, including failing sept ic systems, leaks and ov erflows from sanitary sewer systems, illicit discharges of sanitary wast e, runoff from the improper disposal of waste material, stormwater from developed areas, domestic pet waste, homeless populations, and wildlife populations. The secondary growth of coliform bacteria in stormwater systems and creek sediments may also contribute to persistent elevated fecal coliform levels. Current data shows that wastewater discharged from the Main Street WRF is not a significant source of fecal coliform bacteria. Additional studies are ongoing or are planned to continue to identify sources of fecal coliform bacteria. The source is import ant as it dictates the most effective management

action to use.

Significant resources have been dedicated to identifying sources and reducing bacteria levels in the urban creeks. GRU and the ACEPD undertook several MST and optical brightener studies in an effort to better define the physical extent of the fecal coliform bacteria problem and identify potential sources. These studies were not conclusive in identifying the relative magnitude or specific location of bacteria sources throughout the urban creeks, but did provide adequate information to locate areas with consistently high fecal coliform counts and the presence or absence of human bacteria sources. The ACHD identified septic systems on properties adjacent to the creeks that potentially could contribute fecal coliform bacteria loading to the

creeks.

The BWG has completed or plans to implement a number of different management actions to reduce or manage the sources of fecal coliform bacteria to the urban creeks ( Tables 6.5 and

6.6 ). Tables 10.1 through 10.9 in Section 10.0 provide details on all projects, including the lead entity, project partners, cost and funding source(s), schedule, and anticipated benefits and load reductions (if known).

Given the uncertainties inherent in addressing elevated fecal coliform levels, a combination of source prevention and additional data-gathering efforts is being taken under a phased approach to address coliform reductions. The basic approach is as follows:

• Existing monitoring data and source identification projects were used to identify “hot spots.”

• Primary fecal coliform sources will be investigated in each of these hot spots through the coordinated effort of Alachua County, GRU, the City of Gainesville, DOT, DEP, ACHD, and local residents to address all

controllable sources of fecal coliform in one location in a short time before moving onto another priority area.

• At the same time, individual fecal coliform load management projects will continue to be implemented. Examples are wastewater infrastructure maintenance and MS4 permit requirements for identifying illicit discharges.

• Fecal coliform monitoring will continue to be used to help assess progress and guide the selection of future management actions.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

40



## T ABLE 

## 6.5. C OMPLETED AND 

## P LANNED 

## P ROJECTS 

## T O 

## R EDUCE 

## F ECAL 

## C OLIFORM 

## B ACTERIA LEVELS IN


## U RBAN 

## C REEKS AND 

## P REVENT 

## F UTURE 

## D ISCHARGES



### Fecal

Coliform

Bacteria

Source Management Action Category Anticipated Results Comments

Special Studies and Planning Actions Identify priority locations

for on-site wastewater

rehabilitation. Example: ACHD septic system

evaluation. Failing septic
systems Public Education and

Outreach Increase rate of septic

tank clean-out and

maintenance. Public education on proper septic tank management can lead to significant benefits in management of overflows and leaking tanks.

Wastewater

Infrastructure Management, Maintenance, Repair, or Upgrade Inspect and rehabilitate

infrastructure to minimize the possibility of discharges into urban

creeks. GRU has achieved a wastewater delivery efficiency rate (based on volume) approaching 100% and has maintained a spill rate of less than 25% of the national average (2004–07). Leaks and

overflows from sanitary sewer
systems Cooperative Fecal

Coliform Bacteria “Hot Spot” Project Decrease fecal coliform

levels and increase pollution prevention activities in priority creeks. Unique, cooperative effort of Alachua County, City of Gainesville, GRU, DOT, and DEP that focuses on

evaluation and remediation of locations with frequent high bacteria

counts.

Special Studies and Planning Actions Help identify location of illicit discharges and

evaluate identification

methods. Example: Optical brighteners study.

Basic Stormwater Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation Reduce nutrient loadings. Includes education and outreach and other components of MS4 program implementation. Illicit discharges of sanitary waste

Cooperative Fecal

Coliform Bacteria “Hot Spot” Project Decrease fecal coliform

levels and increase pollution prevention activities in priority creeks. Unique, cooperative effort of Alachua County, City of Gainesville, GRU, DOT, and DEP that focuses on

evaluation and remediation of locations with frequent high bacteria

counts.

Basic Stormwater Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation Reduce nutrient loadings. Includes education and outreach and other components of MS4 program implementation.

Structural Stormwater

BMPs Reduce fecal coliform

levels in stormwater. Example: 39 th 

### Avenue basin rehabilitation, hydrodynamic separators, Spring Hill Stormwater

Park. Stormwater

from developed

areas

Special Studies and Planning Actions Evaluate technologies to

decrease stormwater fecal coliform levels to support

better future decision making. Example: Inlet protection pilot project, Tumblin Creek Watershed Management Plan update.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

41 

## T ABLE 

## 6.5. (C ONTINUED 

## )

Fecal

Coliform

Bacteria

Source Management Action Category Anticipated Results Comments

Domestic pets Basic Stormwater Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation Reduce nutrient loadings. Includes education and outreach and other components of MS4 Program implementation.

Public Outreach and

Education Increase rate of pet waste cleanup. Focused public outreach effort regarding dog waste.

Wildlife Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Decrease direct discharge

of fecal coliform to

Sweetwater Branch. Example: Duck pond restoration.



## T ABLE 

## 6.6. S UMMARY OF 

## M ANAGEMENT 

## A CTIONS 

## T O 

## R EDUCE 

## F ECAL 

## C OLIFORM 

## B ACTERIA IN 

## S PECIFIC


## U RBAN 

## C REEKS



### Management Action Category Hatchet Creek Hogtown Creek Tumblin Creek Sweetwater Branch

Structural

Stormwater BMPs Not applicable Yes Yes Yes

Restoration and Water Quality Improvement

Projects Not applicable Yes Not applicable Yes

Special Studies and

Planning Efforts Yes Yes Yes Yes

Public Education and

Outreach Yes Yes Yes Yes

Basic Stormwater

Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation Yes Yes Yes Yes

Wastewater

Infrastructure Management,
Maintenance, Repair, or Upgrade Not applicable Yes Yes Yes



## Through this approach, Orange Creek Basin stakeholders are using the best information available from their source identification activities (e.g., the MST projects) to identify priority areas. In these priority areas, stakeholders are using a comprehensive approach to address known sources of fecal coliform. Uncertainties regarding precise sources remain to be resolved. However, commitments made to individual projects and the cooperative “hot spot”

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

42 

## project, are anticipated to lead to decreased fecal coliform levels in the urban creeks. Upon the completion of these projects, the ongoing water quality monitoring results will be evaluated to identify the benefits achieved by these projects and guide the selection of future projects.

Key Unknowns and Future Studies

The are a number of unknowns in identifying or better understanding the relative magnitude of different sources of fecal coliform bacteria and the extent to which the regrowth of bacteria occurs in creek sediments. A number of future studies have been identified to improve the scientific understanding of fecal coliform loadings that will lead to additional management actions. The ability to apply advanced scientific methods to accurately distinguish between sources of fecal coliform in the urban creeks will be critical to developing appropriate management strategies and measuring progress for meeting the TMDLs in each creek. However, until these advanced methods become more cost-effective, local stakeholders will continue to develop management strategies using a blend of conventional testing data and advanced source tracking information. Federal, state, and local support of the research and development of cost-effective advanced MST met hods will benefit all stakeholders in reducing

coliform levels in Gainesville’s urban creeks.

Anticipated Results from Management Actions

Extensive management actions have been completed, are under way, and are planned for the future to decrease fecal coliform loads into Tumblin Creek, Sweetwater Branch, and Hogtown

Creek. Tables 6.5 and 6.6 summarize these efforts. Through these efforts, the BWG anticipates that fecal coliform loads in the urban creeks will decrease over time. Given the often erratic behavior of fecal coliform bacteria in the environment, the detailed quantification of load reductions is not possible at this time. However, the BWG will continue to evaluate fecal coliform levels in the streams to track progress. Depending on the results achieved through the implementation of the management actions described above, an approach such as the cooperative fecal coliform reduction “hot spot” project may be expanded to other parts of the watershed dependent on the availability of f unding. This adaptive management approach will be used for the evaluation and selection of additional management actions in future iterations of

the BMAP.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

43 

## Alachua Sink

Parameter Causing Impairment: TN

Alachua Sink (WBID 2720A) is located on the northern edge of Paynes Prairie, south of the City of Gainesville and approximately 2.5 miles east of U. S. Highway 441. It consists of a small lake, with a corresponding solution sink that recharges the Floridan aquifer. Alachua Sink has a surface area of about 13.5 acres and a mean depth of around 1 meter.

Alachua Sink, Alachua Lake, and Paynes Prairie are part of a dynamic system where major changes in hydrology are observed in periods of extreme wet and dry conditions. Alachua Lake is the inundated portion of Paynes Prairie. Alachua Sink and Alachua Lake are separate waterbodies during periods of average, drought, and/or low rainfall. In wet years, the entire prairie is sometimes flooded, and the two waterbodies coalesce. Alachua Lake periodically refloods such that Alachua sink and Alachua Lake are one waterbody. Such events occurred in 1998 and again in 2004-2005(or 2006?) (J. Weimer, 2006).

The surrounding drainage basin for Alachua Sink is approximately 2,758 acres

. There are 2

well-defined inflows into Alachua Sink: Sweetwater Branch and a canal that connects Alachua Lake to Alachua Sink (a combined drainage area of 39,373 acres). Presumably, any runoff coming into Paynes Prairie that does not sink into the ground is incorporated into Alachua Lake, and some portion is shunted to Alachua Sink during high-water conditions. The Alachua Sink waterbody has an outlet stream that discharges to the primary sinkhole.

Sources of surface flow into Paynes Prairie include Sweetwater Branch and Prairie Creek (which discharges from Newnans Lake). About 45% of the flow (as a long-term average) from Newnans Lake flows south into Paynes Prairie through 3 large culverts. The remainder flows south towards Orange Lake by way of Camps Canal and the River Styx swamp (Robinson, 1992). Medium-density residential, forest, and water/wetland areas are the primary land use types in the full watershed (including the Sweetwater and Alachua Lake watersheds). The land area that drains directly to Alachua Sink is 51% forest and 43% water/wetland. Significant land use changes and population growth are not anticipated in the Alachua Sink watershed in the next 5 to 10 years.

There are three point sources in the watershed: the Main Street Domestic WRF, the John R. Kelly Generating Station, and the City of Gainesville MS4. The Main Street WRF is an advanced, tertiary-level, activated sludge domestic wastewater treatment facility that discharges treated wastewater to Sweetwater Branch. The John R. Kelly Generating Station discharges cooling tower water and small volume of industrial wastewater into Sweetwater Branch. The City of Gainesville’s MS4 drains contributing urbanized areas of Sweetwater Branch. Other nonpoint sources to Sweetwater Branch, and ultimately Alachua Sink, include stormwater from the eastern portions of Gainesville.

Alachua Sink is verified as impaired for nutrients, based on Trophic State Index (TSI) values well above the threshold of 60 (see Figure 6.1 ). Lakes with a TSI value above 60 are considered to have poor water quality. Based on phytoplankton communities and the TN/TP ratio, Alachua Sink is considered nitrogen limited, meaning that the amount of nitrogen governs the growth of phytoplankton. Thus, the TMDL fo r Alachua Sink was expressed in terms of TN reductions to achieve water quality standards.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

44 Source: Gao et al., 2006, Table 1.



## F IGURE 

## 6.1. A LACHUA 

## S INK 

## TSI V ALUES


## , 2000–02



## Pollutant Sources and Management Actions

The Alachua Sink TMDL point and nonpoint source loadings are allocated based on wet and dry year conditions. Wet years are the critical condition when non point source impacts are the greatest, while in dry years the greatest source of nutrients is point sources. Alachua Lake and the Main Street WRF are the major nonpoint and point sources of nutrient loading to Alachua

Sink. Figure 6.2 shows that the nutrient load from the Alachua Lake watershed is the largest single nutrient source, contributing 73.1% of the TN loading for wet years. Nutrient sources to Alachua Lake include stormwater runoff into the Paynes Prairie Basin and nutrients from Newnans Lake, which are transported via Prairie Creek. The second largest source (19.1%) is the point source discharge from the Main Street WRF. The plant discharges treated wastewater to Sweetwater Branch, which enters Alachua Sink through Paynes Prairie via the Sweetwater Canal. Sweetwater Branch also conveys stormwater to Alachua Sink from portions of the urban watershed of east Gainesville, much of which was developed prior to the implementation of current stormwater regulations. Nonpoint source stormwater from these urbanized areas accounts for 5.6% of TN inputs to Alachua Sink. Various other identified sources contribute the remaining TN loading. 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2000 2001 2002TSI

TSI Impairment Threshold

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

45 

### * The TMDL was based on two different critical conditions. Non point sources loadings were considered to be at their highest during wet years. Dry years are the critical condition for point sources.



## F IGURE 

## 6.2. W ET 

## Y EAR 

## B ASELINE 

## TN L OADING TO 

## A LACHUA 

## S INK



## The BWG has completed or plans to implement a number of management actions to reduce or manage the sources of TN to Alachua Sink ( Table 6.7 ). Tables 10.1 through 10.9 provide details on all projects, including the lead entity/project partners, cost and funding source(s), schedule, and anticipated benefits and load reductions (if known).

The Paynes Prairie Sheetflow Restoration Project has the potential to become the most significant project designed to address the Alachua Sink TMDL. To date, a conceptual plan has been developed, and a feasibility analysis of restoring sheetflow to Sweetwater Branch and Paynes Prairie (Project # AS05) and the Paynes Prairie Sheetflow Restoration Conceptual Plan (Project # AS15) have been completed. Additional studies were performed to evaluate treatment upgrades needed at the Main Street WRF (Project # AS16) and opportunities for using treated wastewater from that plant for reuse. Details about these projects are contained

in Table 10.5 . Gainesville’s City Commission has authorized staff to begin the process of selecting a consultant to obtain professi onal design services and develop the necessary interagency agreements needed for land acquisition and cost sharing.

Other activities that will benefit Alachua Sink include improved stormwater management in the Sweetwater Branch watershed, especially projects to retrofit areas with inadequate stormwater treatment. Most of the opportunities for this type of improvement are within the City of Gainesville, although urban areas outside the city may also offer some opportunities for loading

reduction. Wet Year Existing Condition *462,557 lbs/year

TMDL is 256,322 lbs/year

Alachua

Lake

(338,307 lbs/yr)

Forest/rural 928 lbs/yr Ran g eland (99 lbs/yr)

Water/wetland (2,308 lbs/yr) Agriculture

(599 lbs/yr) Developed area 26,076 lbs/yr Kelly Power Plant (802 lbs/yr)

Atmospheric deposition (23 lbs/yr) Main Street WRF (88,748 lbs/yr) Septic tanks (4,667 lbs/yr)

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

46 

## T ABLE 

## 6.7. C OMPLETED AND 

## P LANNED 

## P ROJECTS 

## T O 

## R EDUCE 

## T OTAL 

## N ITROGEN TO 

## A LACHUA 

## S INK



### Nutrient Source Management Action Category Anticipated Results Comments

Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Reduce TN loadings through nutrient uptake

and attenuation. Sweetwater Branch/Paynes Prairie Sheetflow Restoration Project.

Conservation Land Acquisition Minimize future loading increases by controlling

future land development. Example: Sweetwater Preserve.

Structural

Stormwater BMPs Reduce TN loadings. Example: Hydrodynamic separators.

Special Studies and Planning

Efforts • 

### Improve scientific understanding of nutrient loadings due to recycling.

• 

### Improve

understanding of ground water nutrient inputs. Not applicable Stormwater from developed areas (including nutrient

load in Alachua Lake)

Basic Stormwater Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation Reduce nutrient loadings. Includes education and outreach and other components of MS4 Program implementation.

Wastewater

Infrastructure Management,
Maintenance, Repair, or Upgrade Inspect and rehabilitate

infrastructure to decrease the possibility

of wastewater exfiltration and spills. GRU has achieved a wastewater delivery efficiency rate (based on volume) approaching 100% and has maintained a spill rate of less than 25% of the national average (2004–07).

Main Street WRF

Special Studies and Planning

Efforts • 

### Facilitate use of

reclaimed water to minimize discharges

to Sweetwater

Branch.

• 

### Improve scientific

understanding of nutrient loadings due to recycling.

• 

### Improve

understanding of ground water nutrient inputs. • 

### Intensive Water Quality Study of Alachua Sink; Reclaimed Water

Master Plan.

• 

### Feasibility Analysis of Sweetwater

Branch/Paynes Prairie Sheetlfow Restoration Project Conceptual

Plan for Sweetwater. Branch/Paynes Prairie Sheetfow Restoration Project.

Atmospheric deposition None Not applicable Considered an uncontrollable source.



## The City of Gainesville has 3 stormwater retrofits that have been completed or are near completion in the Sweetwater Branch and Tumblin Creek watersheds. Together, the Depot Avenue Stormwater Park, Spring Hill Stormwater Park, and SW 5 th 

## Avenue Basin will reduce TN loading by more than 880 lbs/yr when fully operational. Additional projects are planned that will provide further reduction of TN loading. The ci ty has also installed hydrodynamic separator units at different locations within the Sweetwater Branch watershed. The units prevent sediment and trash from entering Sweetwater Branch and may also provide some nutrient

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

47 

## reduction, though that reduction is currently not quantified. Details about these projects are provided in Table 10.1B

.

Key Unknowns and Future Studies

There is a lack of a detailed understanding of Alachua Sink’s hydrodynamics and response to nutrient inputs. Hydrologic variation in Alachua Lake may affect TN and TP concentrations in the water column of Alachua Sink and Alachua Lake, through the oxidation of exposed sediment during periods of low water and the resuspension of this material during high lake stage. Nitrogen fixation studies being conducted by SJRWMD on two lakes in central Florida may provide insight into the nitrogen fixation processes in Alachua Sink. Nutrient loads also enter Alachua Lake and ultimately Alachua Sink from Newnans Lake. The achievement of TMDL reductions upstream in the Newnans Lake watershed may reduce nutrient levels in Alachua Sink through hydrologic connection between Newnans Lake and Paynes Prairie.

Anticipated Results of Management Actions

The BWG will work toward improvements in TSI values by implementing management actions in the Alachua Sink watershed. At this time, the completion of the Sweetwater Branch/Paynes Prairie Sheetflow Restoration project will meet the TN load reductions contributed by point

sources identified in the TMDL for Alachua Sink. However, achieving this project will require completing the necessary land acquisition and project design before full implementation. The cost of this project is substantial and dependent on available funding; thus the City of Gainesville is seeking potential grant opportunities or other intergovernmental cost-sharing options.

Newnans Lake

Parameters Causing Impairment: TN, TP

Newnans Lake is located in a topographical region of the state known as the Central Lowlands. The geology of the area is dominated by the Hawt horn Group, which is relatively impermeable and acts as a confining layer separating surface water from the influence of the Floridan aquifer. This geologic formation is also rich in phosphatic clays.

The lake is a shallow basin lake that covers 6,399 acres at median stage and naturally fluctuates between 4,730 and 8,087 acres during drought and heavy rainfall, respectively. The maximum depth is no more than 12 feet, and the mean depth is approximately 5 feet.

The lake’s single major surface water outlet is Prairie Creek. Once water leaves the lake, about 45% of the flow (long-term average) goes to t he south into Paynes Prairie through 3 large culverts. The remainder flows south towards Orange Lake by way of Camps Canal and the River Styx swamp (Robinson, 1992).

A large drainage area north and west of the lake supplies inflow via 3 streams: Hatchet Creek, Little Hatchet Creek, and Lake Forest Creek. The headwater for Lake Forest Creek is located in

eastern Gainesville and enters Newnans Lake from the west side of the lake. Hatchet Creek has the greatest flow to the lake. Hatchet Creek and Little Hatchet Creek are “blackwater” streams with naturally high color and frequently have high levels of TN. The Hatchet Creek watershed is approximately 64% natural forest and rural open land uses, with about 50% of the acreage in silviculture.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

48 

## High iron concentrations are found in Hatchet Creek. Based on the information collected thus far, the iron present in Hatchet Creek is believed to be naturally occurring and does not negatively impact the Hatchet Creek watershed aquatic ecosystem. This naturally occurring

iron concentration is not a controllable source.

Census data gathered and evaluated through the BMAP process predicted that future growth through 2015 was not expected to substantially increase pollutant loads in the sub-basin. However, emerging growth patterns, particularly for the Hatchet and Little Hatchet Creek watersheds, indicate that Census predictions may not adequately reflect the changes in landuse that could occur. It is uncertain to what extent future growth in the Newnans Lake subbasin will increase pollutant loads. There are programs in place to ensure that the possible effects are reduced, but extra effort may be needed.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

49 

## Pollutant Sources and Management Actions

Water quality in Newnans Lake has been declining since 1969. Newnans Lake has been hypereutrophic since at least 1999. The mean annual TSI, a measure of water quality, for

Newnans Lake from 1999 to 2003 was 93. Lakes with a TSI value above 60 are considered to have fair water quality and above 70 to have poor water quality. Newnans Lake has higher TN, TP, and chlorophyll a concentrations than 75% of the Central Valley region lakes. Blue-green algae are the dominant phytoplankton species in Newnans Lake (92%), at a biovolume consistently twice that of Orange Lake and Lochloosa Lake.

In the Newnans Lake TMDL, for the period from 1996 to 2000, the internal recycling of nutrients stored in lake sediments contributed the largest proportion of the TN and TP load. This assumption was based on mass balance calculations comparing the in-lake nutrient loading to

contributions from its watershed and a lack of other identifiable sources. Figures 6.3 and 6.4 reflect the dominance of internal recycling as a nutrient source: 71.8% of the TN load and 52.4% of the TP load. Tributary inflows from Hatchet and Little Hatchet Creeks are the next largest sources, contributing 17.1% of the TN load and 22.1% of the TP load; this includes the loading from the Brittany Estates WRF. Brittany Estates was allocated TN and TP loadings as part of the TMDL at the facility’s current permitted rate of discharge, because the removal of loadings from Brittany Estates had a minimal impact on the water quality of Newnans Lake, even under drought conditions. Atmospheric deposition contributes 12.4% of the TP loading. OSTDS’s are a small portion of the TN load to Newnans Lake.

A large part of the Newnans Lake watershed is commercial silviculture property. Despite its prominence in acreage, silviculture land contribu tes a very small portion of the overall nutrient load to Newnans Lake, compared with the other land use types in the watershed. Most of the commercial silviculture acreage in the Newnans Lake watershed is managed by several large industrial silviculture operators, all of whom are participating in the Division of Forestry BMP implementation program. Other agricultural activities are minimal in this watershed.

In the calculation of the TMDL, a significant portion of the baseline load was assigned to the internal recycling of nutrients between the sediments and water column. This assignment was based primarily on mass balance calculations, from data collected from 1996 to 2000, indicating

that more of the nutrient load was contributed from within the lake than was contributed from its watershed. The nutrient recycling load was based on the assumption that recycling is responsible for the difference between nutrient loads from stormwater runoff and in-lake concentrations. Other sources of nutrients could not be identified, precluding the development of a more detailed nutrient analysis. Additional studies are needed to better define the role of sediment resuspension and deposition as a nutrient source.

The extent to which nutrient recycling acts as a nutrient load in Newnans Lake could significantly affect the effectiveness of nutrient load reduction projects. Despite these unknowns, the general consensus by the BWG was that the lake was nutrient impaired. The BWG proposed a variety of projects to decrease nutrient loading into Newnans Lake. For instance, stormwater improvements made duri ng the widening of State Road (SR) 20 reduce the loading of TN and TP from the watershed to Newnans Lake. The FWC has done several plantings of aquatic vegetation in an effort to improve habitat for fish with the additional benefit of potentially improving water quality in parts of the lake. Future stormwater management improvements in eastern Gainesville will also benefit Newnans Lake. Several parcels of land

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

50 

## north of and surrounding Newnans Lake have been purchased for conservation purposes by Alachua County or the SJRWMD.

* See text for discussion of internal recycling.



## F IGURE 

## 6.3. B ASELINE 

## TN L OADING TO 

## N EWNANS 

## L AKE 

## 1996–2000 total — 315,510 lbs/yr

( TMDL i s 85, 47 0 l bs/y r )

Agriculture (1,450 lbs/yr) Developed area

(3,902 lbs/yr)

Atmospheric deposition

( 6

, 393 lbs/ y r ) Water/wetland (14,037 lbs/yr) Forest/rural (5,335 lbs/yr)

Rangeland (657 lbs/yr)

Hatchet Creek

(42,132 lbs/yr) Little Hatchet Creek (11,622 lbs/yr) Seepage/ground water

(1,993 lbs/yr) Septic tanks

(800 lbs/yr) Internal rec y clin g * (226,515 lbs/yr)

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

51 

### * See text for discussion of internal recycling.



## F IGURE 

## 6.4. B ASELINE 

## TP L OADING TO 

## N EWNANS 

## L AKE



## Baseline Period 1996–2000 — 25,732 lbs/yr

(TMDL is 10,924 lbs/yr)

Developed area (447 lbs/yr) Water/wetland (1,399 lbs/yr)

Agriculture (209 lbs/yr) Forest/rural (329 lbs/yr) Rangeland ( 95 lbs/ y r )

Atmospheric deposition
(3,197 lbs/yr)

Hatchet Creek

(4,259 lbs/yr) Little Hatchet Creek

(1,424 lbs/yr) Septic tanks (108 lbs/yr)

Seepage/ground water (540 lbs/yr) Internal

recycling 

## *

(13,478

lbs/ y r )

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

52 

## Table 6.8 summarizes the management actions. Tables 10.1 through 10.9 in Section 10.0 provide details on all projects, including the lead entity/project partners, cost and funding source(s), schedule, and anticipated benefits and load reductions (if known).

Key Unknowns and Future Studies

The ACEPD completed storm event sampling of the three tributary basins in 2003 (ACEPD, January 2004). This study will help better define the contributions of nutrients from stormwater inputs in the watershed. Studies are also under way as part of PLRG development for Newnans Lake and ground water investigations that will better define and quantify watershed and ground water sources of nutrients. PLRG development is addressing the identification of external nutrient sources, both spatially and temporally. Another key area for study is quantifying load reduction from proposed or potential management actions.

A number of future studies have been identified to improve the scientific understanding of the impact on water quality of internal nutrient recycling, external nutrient loadings, and the historical alteration of wetlands. Future studies include the following:

• Internal recycling rates (i.e., TP movement between lake sediments and the water column), and

• A literature review to document the effects of aquatic plant management, including options for improving management strategies to restore and protect water quality and promote natural lake functions.

Tables 10.1 through 10.9 in Section 10.0 provide greater detail on these studies.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

53 

## T ABLE 

## 6.8. C OMPLETED AND 

## P LANNED 

## P ROJECTS 

## T O 

## R EDUCE 

## N UTRIENTS IN 

## N EWNANS 

## L AKE



### Nutrient Source Management Action Category Anticipated Results Comments

Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Projects Reduce nutrient recycling through vegetative uptake. Planting of maidencane, knotgrass, and giant bulrush.

Internal recycling and

Water/wetlands Special Studies and Planning Efforts • 

### Improve scientific understanding of nutrient recycling.

• 

### Better

understanding of ground water nutrient inputs. • 

### PLRG development, including

better-defined source

identification.

• 

### Storm event nutrient loading

estimates.

• 

### Spatial nutrient loading

dynamics in the watershed.

• 

### Ground water–surface water

interaction study.

Conservation Land Acquisition Minimize future loading increases by controlling future land development. Example: Newnans Lake

Conservation Area.

Silviculture BMPs Reduce nutrient loadings. • 

### All large industrial silviculture operators are participating in the BMP program, covering the majority of silviculture property in the watershed.

• 

### Additional outreach to small

private operations to enroll them in BMP programs.

• 

### Increased frequency of

compliance inspections.

Agricultural BMPs Reduce nutrient loadings. Rowcrop BMPs being implemented. BMP manuals for cow/calf, nursery, sod, and equine operations under development.

Basic Stormwater Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation Reduce nutrient loadings. Education and outreach and other components of MS4 program implementation. Hatchet and Little

Hatchet Creeks

Structural Stormwater

BMPs Reduce nutrient loadings. Dry detention ponds installed during SR 20 widening.

Basic Stormwater Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation See above. See above.

Silviculture BMPs See above. Not applicable. Direct stormwater discharge

Agricultural BMPs See above. Not applicable.
Atmospheric deposition Not applicable Not applicable Considered an uncontrollable

source.



## Anticipated Results of Management Actions

To achieve the TMDLs for Newnans Lake, management actions need to reduce TN and TP from baseline loadings by 74% and 59%, respectively. The BWG will work toward improvements in water quality as a result of implementing management actions in the Newnans

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

54 

## Lake watershed. At this time, the degree of water quality improvement is difficult to predict, as insufficient data are available to determine the effects of reduced nutrient inputs on internal recycling in the lake. Project benefits will be evaluated through data collected during project implementation and the implementation of the basi n monitoring strategy. Future research that resolves current unknowns may allow for the implementation of additional management actions with greater certainty about the anticipated outcome. Because of the uncertainty associated with internal recycling, it is not anticipated that the TMDLs for Newnans Lake will be achieved within the first 5-year cycle of TMDL implementation.

Lake Wauberg

Parameters Causing Impairment: TN and TP

Lake Wauberg is located in the Central Valley of the Ocklawaha River Basin (Alachua County), approximately 8 miles south of Gainesville. It has a surface area of 248 acres, with a mean depth of 12 feet. The lake receives most of its recharge directly from rainfall and discharges to the east through Sawgrass Pond to Chacala Pond (Opper, 1982). During periods of low or normal water levels, Lake Wauberg, Burnt Pond Marsh, and George’s Pond remain unconnected. The waterbodies may interconnect during periods of extremely high water levels.

Pollutant Sources and Management Actions

Lake Wauberg has been hypereutrophic since at least 1990, based on TN, TP, and chlorophyll a data. From 1990 to 2000, water quality was consistently poor, as indicated by a mean annual TSI of 72.3 during this period. Lakes with a TSI value above 60 are considered to have poor water quality.

Atmospheric deposition is the dominant nutrient source, contributing 65% of both the TN and TP loadings. The other primary source is septic systems (OSTDS’s), contributing 32.0% of the TN load and 32.2% of the TP load. The remaining nutrient loading (3%) is from runoff from natural areas. The Lake Wauberg watershed is largely undeveloped, with limited rural residential and university-owned recreation areas near the lake, all of which rely on OSTDS’s for wastewater management. The management of OSTDS’s is the prim ary controllable factor for nutrient load reduction in the Lake Wauberg watershed ( Table 6.9 ). The ACHD has evaluated the on-site wastewater disposal and treatment systems lo cated on residential properties surrounding Lake Wauberg. Table 10.5 provides details of the ACHD project, including the project partners, cost and funding source(s), schedule, and anticipated benefits and load reductions (if known).

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

55 

## T ABLE 

## 6.9. P LANNED 

## P ROJECTS 

## T O 

## R EDUCE 

## N UTRIENTS IN 

## L AKE 

## W AUBERG



### Nutrient Source Management Action Category Anticipated

Results Comments

Septic Systems (OSTDS’s) Special Studies and Planning

Efforts Identify priority

locations for onsite wastewater

rehabilitation. • 

### Septic systems identified as the primary controllable nutrient source for Lake Wauberg.

• 

### UF Lake Wauberg south shore facility

septic tank upgraded in 2000.

• 

### ACHD evaluation of septic systems

located on residential properties.

• 

### Additional resources may be needed

to rehabilitate failing tanks. Atmospheric deposition None Not applicable. Considered an uncontrollable source.



## Key Unknowns and Future Studies

No future studies are specifically identified for Lake Wauberg. However, water quality monitoring will continue in the lake to track trends in water quality changes associated with improved on-site wastewater management.

Anticipated Results of Management Actions

To achieve the TMDLs for Lake Wauberg, management actions need to reduce baseline loadings of TN and TP by 51% and 50%, respectively. As UF, Paynes Prairie Park, and the ACHD continue to work on identifying and upgrading on-site wastewater systems, nutrient inputs to Lake Wauberg should decrease. However, no data are available to quantify the anticipated nutrient loading reductions associated with Lake Wauberg management actions. It is not anticipated that the TMDLs for Lake Wauberg will be achieved solely through upgrading OSTDS’s. It is estimated that the complete removal of these systems’ input to Lake Wauberg will only result in a 32% reduction in TN and TP.

Orange Lake

Parameter Causing Impairment: TP

The Orange Lake watershed is located in southeastern Alachua and northern Marion Counties. Orange Lake, a shallow lake with a relatively large surface area of 12,703 acres at median stage, naturally fluctuates between 2,745 acres and 15,600 acres during drought and heavy rainfall, respectively (SJRWMD, 2006). Major sources of water to the lake include interflow via Camps Canal and the River Styx from Newnans Lake and via Cross Creek from Lochloosa Lake; surface runoff from the watershed; and direct precipitation into the lake. Water flows out of the lake through a group of sinkholes located in the southwest part of the lake and a notched, fixed-crest weir at the U.S. Highway 301 bridge into the headwater wetlands of Orange Creek. Orange Creek drains into the lower Ocklawaha River Basin. The Orange Lake watershed
drains an area of about 87,339 acres.

A large portion of the Orange Lake watershed is involv ed in commercial silviculture activity, with most of this acreage held by several large industr ial silviculture operators. All of these large silviculture operators are participating in the Division of Forestry BMP implementation program

mentioned above.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

56 

## Orange Lake has had aquatic plant management programs in place for several decades. Management efforts have ranged from the annual control of invasive exotics to removal of floating tussocks to restore deep water habitat. Selected areas of the lake bottom were mechanically scraped in an effort to remove muck and enhance fish habitat (Project # OR11).

Table 10.3 lists aquatic plant management projects. Some uncertainties exist regarding the potential for aquatic plant management practices to add to the nutrient loading of the lake.

Large parcels of land surrounding Orange Lake and Lochloosa Lake have been purchased as conservation lands by either Alachua County or the SJRWMD. Approximately % of the

watershed is held as conservation and recreation lands. These include Lochloosa Wildlife Conservation Area and River Styx Wetland.

Census data gathered and evaluated through the BMAP process indicated that future growthpredicted through 2015 was not expected to substantially increase pollutant loads in the subbasin. Some limited development may occur with the construction of condominiums and associated land clearing and septic tank installation on the west side of the lake.

Pollutant Sources and Management Actions

Water quality in Orange Lake has been declining since 1985. Statistically significant decreases in Secchi depth and increases in chlorophyll a , TN, TP, total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity have been observed since 1985. Data for trend analysis prior to that date are unavailable. Orange Lake has been hypereutrophic since at least 1999, based on TN, chlorophyll a , and Secchi depth data. The mean annual TSI for Orange Lake from 1999 to 2003 was 77. Lakes with a TSI value above 60 are considered to have poor water quality. Orange Lake has higher TP and chlorophyll a concentrations than 75% of the Central Valley region

lakes.

Baseline loadings of TP to Orange Lake are 25,732 lbs/yr. Inflow from Camps Canal and the River Styx swamp is the most significant TP source in Orange Lake, contributing 37.1% of the TP load ( Figure 6.5 ). Together with inflow from Lochloosa Lake via Cross Creek (11.9%), loading from upstream waterbodies and wetlands contributes 49% of the TP load into Orange Lake. Loading from water and wetland areas, as well as atmospheric deposition (“uncontrollable” sources), comprises 32% of the TP load into Orange Lake. In the initial TMDL calculations, 21.5% of the TP load in the Orange Lake watershed was attributed to agricultural land. However, analyses conducted subsequent to the TMDL indicated that nutrient loading from silviculture areas applying appropriate BMPs is roughly equivalent to loads from natural forest land uses. The proper use of silviculture BMPs, as implemented through the Division of Forestry BMP Program, is expected to manage the loadings associated with silviculture

activities.

The BWG has completed or plans to implement different management actions to reduce or manage the sources of TP to Orange Lake ( Table 6.10 ). DOT road improvement projects have provided stormwater treatment to previously untreated roadway. As much as 360 pound per year of TP will be removed from Newnans Lak e, Orange Lake, and Lochloosa Lake collectively. Management actions proposed for Newnans Lake and Lochloosa Lake will help achieve the necessary TP load reductions that will in turn improve Orange Lake water quality. Tables 10.1 through 10.9 provide details on all projects, including the lead entity/project partners, cost and funding source(s), schedule, and anticipated benefits and load reductions (if known).

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

57 

## Besides silviculture, other primary agriculture activities in the watershed include horse farms and cattle grazing. DACS has equine and cow/calf BMPs in development and when these are adopted will work with local agriculture interests to implement them. Marion County has started

the Clean Farms Initiative to assist local farmer s with the implementation of BMPs, primarily for the management of animal waste and nutrients. Focus of this initiative is horse farms. The proper use of BMPs is expected to help reduce nutrient loadings delivered by the watershed to Orange Lake.

F IGURE 

## 6.5. B ASELINE 

## TP L OADING TO 

## O RANGE 

## L AKE 

### Baseline Period 1995-2000 TP Loading 27,889 lbs/y r (TMDL is 15, 262 lbs/yr)

Agriculture

(5,987 lbs/yr) Atmospheric deposition

(2,941 lbs/yr) Developed area

(934 lbs/yr) Water/wetland (3,338 lbs/yr) Forest/rural (602 lbs/yr)

Rangeland (24 lbs/yr) Septic tanks (390 lbs/yr) Camps Canal

(10,346 lbs/yr) Cross Creek ( 3,327 lbs/ y r )

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

58 

## T ABLE 

## 6.10. C OMPLETED AND 

## P LANNED 

## P ROJECTS 

## T O 

## R EDUCE 

## N UTRIENTS IN 

## O RANGE 

## L AKE



### Nutrient Source Management

Action Category Anticipated Results Comments

Inflow from Camps Canal/River Styx Special Studies Improve scientific understanding of

nutrient sources. PLRG development for Orange Lake may identify this as a natural source of nutrients originating in River Styx swamp

Silviculture

BMPs Reduce nutrient loadings. • 

### All large industrial silviculture operators are participating in the BMP program, covering the majority of silviculture property in the watershed.

• 

### Additional outreach to small private

operations to enroll them in BMP

programs.

• 

### Increased frequency of compliance

inspections.

Agricultural

BMPs Reduce nutrient loadings. • 

### Rowcrop BMPs being implemented; BMP manuals for cow/calf, nursery, sod, and equine operations under development.

• 

### Marion County Clean Farms Program

targeted at horse farms. Silviculture and other agricultural

sources

Conservation Land Acquisition Minimize future loading increases by controlling

future land development. Example: Longleaf flatwoods preserve

Water/wetlands Restoration and Water Quality Improvement Projects Reduce nutrient loadings through natural nutrient uptake

and attenuation. Not applicable.

Conservation Land Acquisition Minimize future loading increases by controlling

future land development. Lochloosa Wildlife Conservation Area.

Silviculture

BMPs Reduce nutrient loadings. All large industrial silviculture operators are participating in the BMP program, covering the majority of silviculture property in the watershed.

Agricultural

BMPs Reduce nutrient loadings. Rowcrop BMPs being implemented; BMP manuals for cow/calf, nursery, sod, and equine operations under development. Inflow from

Lochloosa Lake via

Cross Creek

Special Studies and Planning

Efforts Improve scientific understanding of
nutrient sources; Better understanding of ground water nutrient inputs in future

iterations of TMDL. • 

### PLRG development for both Lochloosa Lake and Orange Lake;

• 

### Ground water–surface water

interaction study.

Roadway inputs of

TP Structural BMPs (quantified) Stormwater treatment of roadway runoff

removes nutrient loadings. Removes 361 lbs TP/year and 3,665 lbs TN per year. Removal is for Lakes Orange, Newnans, and Lochloosa collectively.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

59 

### Nutrient Source Management

Action Category Anticipated Results Comments

Basic

Stormwater Management –

Stormwater Permit Program Implementation Reduce nutrient loadings. • 

### Includes education and outreach and other components of MS4 program implementation for both Marion and

Alachua Counties.

• 

### Marion County Orange Creek Watershed Management Plan Other identified

sources

Public Education

and Outreach Not applicable. Not applicable.

Atmospheric deposition None Not applicable. Considered an uncontrollable source.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

60 

## Key Unknowns and Future Studies

A number of unknowns exist related to identifying or better understanding significant external loads of TN and TP, nutrient loads in lake sediment, and internal recycling rates. A number of future studies, including the following, have been identified to improve the scientific understanding of nutrient loadings that will lead to additional management actions:

• PLRG development: Target TP concentrations and TP load reductions needed to meet the target will be calculated. PLRG development will identify major sources of TP in the watershed.

• Internal recycling rates (i.e., TP movement between lake sediments and the water column).

• A literature review to document the effects of aquatic plant management, including options for improving management strategies to restore and protect water quality and promote natural lake functions.

Anticipated Results of Management Actions

To achieve the TMDL of 15,262 lbs/year fo r Orange Lake, management actions need to reduce TP baseline loadings by 45%. When implemented, all Orange Lake projects outlined in Tables

10.1 through 10.9 are expected to decrease TN and TP loadings. However, the degree of water quality improvement is difficult to predict, as insufficient data were available to quantify TP nutrient reductions from the majority of projects. As the recipient of water from both Lochloosa Lake and Camps Canal/River Styx, Orange Lake will al so benefit from projects implemented in these two sub-basins that will decrease nutrient loading through Cross Creek and Camps Canal/River Styx. The BWG expects to see improvements in Orange Lake water quality as a result. As for Newnans Lake, project benefits will be evaluated through data collected during project implementation and basin water quality monitoring.



# 7.0 Monitoring Program

Implementing the management actions contained in this BMAP will lead to water quality improvements. Table 7.1 shows indicators of water quality and the anticipated trend in these indicators. As part of the BMAP, the BWG designed a strategy for monitoring water quality based on these indicators and measuring pollutant concentrations and loads to determine if water quality is improving and the TMDL is being met.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

61 

## T ABLE 

## 7.1. A NTICIPATED 

## T RENDS IN 

## C ORE AND 

## S UPPLEMENTAL 

## W ATER 

## Q UALITY 

## I NDICATORS



### Core Indicators Lakes Creeks

Chlorophyll a Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Total Phosphorus (as P) Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Nitrogen, Nitrite (NO2), and Nitrate (NO3) as N Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Nitrogen, Kjeldahl (TKN) Decrease in concentration Not applicable

Fecal coliform Not applicable Decrease in concentration

Supplemental Indicators Lakes Creeks

Specific conductance Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Dissolved oxygen (DO) Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Alkalinity Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

pH Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Temperature Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Color Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Not applicable

Turbidity Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Monitored to facilitate interpretati on of core indicator

trends

Total suspended solids (TSS) Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Monitored to facilitate interpretati on of core indicator

trends

Total organic carbon (TOC) Monitored to facilitate interpretation

of core indicator trends Monitored to facilitate interpretati on of core indicator

trends

*Core indicator – Indicator that measur es progress made towards achieving TMDL. **Supplemental indicator – Additional i ndicators measured to facilitate the interpretation of core indicators.



## This strategy builds on existing water quality monitoring program commitments made by DEP, the SJRWMD, ACEPD, and WAV volunteers. The monitoring strategy will involve an investment of resources and funding by these stakeholders. The strategy addresses monitoring design, quality assurance (QA), data managemen t, and data interpretation that measure progress in achieving the TMDLs, while allowing for evaluation and feedback that better refine the monitoring strategy and provide information to better define how to achieve the TMDLs. The primary and secondary objectives of the monitoring strategy are as follows:

Primary Objectives

1. Identify and track water quality trends in BMAP waterbodies to determine if water quality standards are being achieved, and

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

62 

## 2. Where feasible, measure the effectiveness of specific BMPs in reducing external loadings of target pollutants.

Secondary Objectives

1. Measure reductions in watershed loadings of TMDL target pollutants, and

2. Refine understanding of the type and relative magnitude of pollutant loading

sources.

A network of lake and creek stations representative of the inflow and outflow of each impaired lake will be monitored for the water quality indicators listed in Table 7.1. Information provided by the monitoring network will be used for the following purposes:

• Evaluate progress toward achieving the primary and secondary objectives
listed above,

• Demonstrate stakeholders’ progress toward meeting their individual TMDL obligations,

• Facilitate comparisons of water quality before and after BMP implementation, and

• Inform the selection of future BMPs or management actions to address water quality.

Data collected by the network are maintained by DEP in a central database available to partners and must meet QA requirements set by DEP. Additional interagency data comparisons and QA checks will be conducted as practical.

Observations of water quality conditions and trends will be reported to the BWG and public at least annually as part of the BMAP annual report. Water quality data will be used to support adaptive management process, assess projects, and identify the need for new actions. A more complete analysis of trends in progress towards achieving designated use will be made on a five-year basis, corresponding with DEP’s watershed management cycle.



# 8.0 Tracking and Follow-up Actions

BMAP implementation will be a long-term process. Significant unknowns remain regarding nutrient sources for Orange Creek Basin lakes and to a lesser extent bacteria sources for streams. The TMDLs established for basin lakes most likely will not be achieved in the near term. Initial actions taken to identify sources of fecal coliform bacteria have been more successful. The identification of bacteria sources using a variety of techniques, including detailed MST, the use of optical brighteners, and field observations, has been completed.

The FWRA provides for flexibility in the im plementation of a BMAP by allowing a phased approach. As a first phase of implementation, the BWG is implementing a project to better

evaluate elevated fecal coliform bacteria in Ga inesville urban creeks. The development of PLRGs and the results of watershed nutrient source identification projects for Newnans Lake, Lochloosa Lake, and Orange Lake by the SJRWMD will identify major sources of nutrient loadings into those lakes.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

63 

## In this first phase, the BWG will track its projects and other implementation efforts and monitor water quality in TMDL waterbodies (through existing water quality monitoring programs), to

ensure that the BMAP is carried out and to measure its effectiveness. The BWG will meet at least annually to discuss implementation issues, consider new information, and determine other management actions needed for waterbodies that are not projected to meet their TMDLs.

Each entity responsible for implementing management actions as part of the BMAP will complete an annual report for submittal to the BWG and DEP. The report will track the implementation status of any management acti ons listed in the BMAP and document additional management actions undertaken to further the water quality improvements in the basin. The report will primarily comprise a table of data elements such as the following:

• BMAP project name,

• Affected area,

• Brief description,

• Project start/end,

• Project/activity status,

• TP/TN/fecal coliform removal estimate when available,

• Project monitoring results, and

• Comments.

The BWG will review the reports once per year to assess progress in meeting the goals of the BMAP. As part of its annual BMAP assessm ent and meeting, the BWG will evaluate the findings of ongoing studies and apply this new in formation to refine existing and developing new management actions as part of an adaptive ma nagement approach to achieve the targeted pollutant reductions. The results from projects implemented to identify sources of nutrients and bacteria will play a particularly critical role in shaping future management actions taken by

members of the BWG.

Adaptive management involves setting up a mechanism for making course corrections in the BMAP when circumstances change or feedback me chanisms indicate that a more effective strategy is needed. Key components of adapt ive management are tracking implementation, monitoring water quality and pollutant loads, and holding periodic BWG meetings to share information and expertise. The FWRA requires that the plan be revised, as appropriate, in collaboration with basin stakeholders. All or part of a revised BMAP must be adopted by secretarial order. Adaptive management measures include the following:

• Procedures to determine whether additional cooperative actions are
needed;

• Criteria/process for determining whether and when plan components need to be revised due to changes in costs, environmental impacts, social effects, watershed conditions, or other factors; and

• Descriptions of the BWG’s role after BMAP completion.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

64 

# 9.0 Commitment to Plan Implementation

While the BMAP is linked by statute to permitting and other enforcement processes that affect individual entities, successful implementation requires that local stakeholders willingly and consistently work together to achieve adopted TMDLs. This collaboration fosters the sharing of ideas, information, and resources. The members of the Orange Creek BWG have demonstrated their willingness to confer and coordinate with and support each other in their

efforts.

On a practical level, BMAP implementation also depends on adequate resources and necessary authorizations. The management actions contained in the BMAP are either under way or are planned in good faith. Current and future actions are contingent on necessary funding and approvals for their initiation and/or continuation.

BWG members have signed individual statements or letters of commitment to BMAP implementation or adopted resolutions that will be included as part of this adopted BMAP. These commitments address the following actions:

• Continue to use an equitable and cost-effective, coordinated, comprehensive watershed management approach that applies the best available science to achieve TMDL-related pollutant load reductions and water quality improvements within a BWG member’s authority,

• Seek necessary approvals and funding to implement consensus management actions identified in the BMAP and implement those actions as required approvals and funding are secured,

• Track the implementation of management actions for which a BWG member is responsible to assure that the BMAP is carried out,

• Inform DEP and the BWG of any permanent obstacles to carrying out management actions for which they are responsible, including technical, funding, and legal obstacles;

• Conduct water quality monitoring (if applicable) according to the monitoring strategy approved by the BWG, and

• Continue to communicate and coordinate actions and funding across BWG member agencies and community groups with regard to BMAP implementation.

Table 9.1 lists the governments, agencies, and community groups that have made a commitment to the implementation of this BMAP.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

65 

## T ABLE 

## 9.1. S IGNATORIES



## E NTITY 

## S IGNATORY 

## T ITLE 

## D ATE



## A LACHUA 

## C OUNTY 

## B OARD OF


## C OUNTY 

## C OMMISSIONERS 

## Rodney J. Long Chairman December 11,

2007

ALACHUA 

## C OUNTY 

## H EALTH


## D EPARTMENT 

## Thomas R. Belcuore Director

C ITY OF 

## G AINESVILLE



## M ARION 

## C OUNTY 

## B OARD OF


## C OUNTY 

## C OMMISSIONERS 

## Charlie Stone Chairman December 3,

2007

G AINESVILLE 

## R EGIONAL


## U TILITIES



## F LORIDA 

## D EPARTMENT OF



## E NVIRONMENTAL 

## P ROTECTION



## • N ORTHEAST DISTRICT



## • P AYNES 

## P RAIRIE


## P

RESERVE STATE PARK



## • INVASIVE PLANT

MANAGEMENT 

## Gregory J. Strong District

Director NE

F LORIDA 

## D EPARTMENT OF



## T RANSPORTATION



## F LORIDA 

## F ISH AND 

## W ILDLIFE


## C ONSERVATION 

## C OMMISSION



## F LORIDA 

## D EPARTMENT OF



## A GRICULTURE AND 

## C ONSUMER


## S ERVICES



## • D IVISION OF 

## F ORESTRY



## • O FFICE OF 

## A GRICULTURAL


## W

ATER 

## P OLICY 

## Michael C. Long

Richard J. Budell Director

Director March 19, 2008

S T



## . J OHNS 

## R IVER 

## W ATER



## M ANAGEMENT 

## D ISTRICT 

## Kirby Green Executive

Director February 6,

2008

U NIVERSITY OF 

## F LORIDA



## S UWANNEE 

## S T



## . J OHNS 

## S IERRA


## C LUB



## W OMEN FOR 

## W ISE 

## G ROWTH 

## Carol Higman Board of
Directors, Policy

Committee January 2,

2008

S USTAINABLE 

## A LACHUA


## C OUNTY



## F LORIDA 

## F ORESTRY



## A SSOCIATION 

## Philip Gornicki Director of Responsible Forestry April 8, 2008

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

66 

# 10.0 Detailed Project Information

Introduction

Tables 10.1 though 10.9 summarize the management actions for the impaired waterbodies by management type. Each table describes projects, identifies project partners, identifies anticipated load reductions (where practical) from implementing the management actions, and estimates the cost of implementing the project. The management actions in the tables are organized by each waterbody and for watershed wide or sub-basinwide actions in the Orange

Creek Basin.

This section also discusses the implementati on of agricultural BMPs, the quantification of nutrient and fecal coliform loads, and the cost of BMAP implementation.



# DACS’ Process of BMP Implementation

DACS’ OAWP BMP implementation role involves assisting agricultural producers in selecting, funding, properly implementing, and maintaini ng BMPs. The OAWP employs field staff and contracts with service providers 1 

## to work with producers to submit notices of intent (NOIs) to implement BMPs; these identify the measures appropriate for their operations. Service providers also provide technical assistanc e to producers and help implement cost-share programs that leverage regional, state, and federal funds.

Although DACS’ BMP programs are not regulatory requirements, Subsection 403.067(7)(b), F.S., requires that nonpoint pollutant sources (such as agriculture) included in a BMAP demonstrate compliance with pollutant reductions established to meet a TMD,L either by implementing BMPs or by conducting water quality monitoring prescribed by DEP or a water management district.



# Quantifiable Nutrient Load Reductions

The tables list the net estimated load reductions expected from selected management actions. These represent the subset of management actions that were quantifiable. The vast majority of management actions considered to be effective in managing nutrient loads (e.g., public education on fertilizer use) are not included in these load reduction estimates, as quantitative

load reduction values were not available. As future management actions are implemented, load reductions will be quantified to the extent that data are available.



# Quantifiable Fecal Coliform Bacteria Load Reductions

Management actions proposed in this BMAP to de crease coliform loads to urban creeks (e.g., public education regarding pet waste management) are not conducive to quantitative load reduction estimates. As such, the benefits of coliform management actions were largely evaluated on a qualitative basis.



# BMAP Implementation Costs

Cost information is provided for each project listed in the tables. Where the cost of a project could not be adequately defined, it is indicated as unavailable in the tables. Certain types of

1 Soil and Water Conservation Districts, Univ ersity of Florida Institute of Food and Ag ricultural Sciences (UF–IFAS), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Development Councils, etc.

## FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008

67 

## projects (such as nonstructural BMP implementation, land acquisition, and maintenance) do not easily lend themselves to a full accounting of co sts for the waterbody addressed by the project. In the case of BMP implementation and land acquisition, some of the true cost of implementation is carried by private landowners and is not readily available, or involves in-kind service, or the transactions are still ongoing and the complete cost is still not known. Other costs for maintenance and operation activities are generally not accounted for on an individual waterbody basis, but rather cover larger areas, as indicated in the tables, including many waterbodies. Similarly, some special study pr ojects are not fully developed, and the final costs

are not known at this time.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200868TABLE10.1A. STRUCTURALBMPS—QUANTIFIABLELOADREDUCTIONSProject Number -Project Name /Which Type of TMDLis Addressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / ProjectDescription and BenefitsTP and / or TNLoadingReduction (lbsper year)Hogtown CreekHOG20 - 39th AveBasin Rehabilitation /Addresses BacteriaTMDLHogtown Creek /2698DOT, District 2 / -- $1,432,976 / DOT, District 2 /2004NW 39th Ave from I-75 to airport. / Dryretention pond modified to function aswet detention pond. Designmodification needed to address highwater table.Benefits:Reducesediment load and nutrient loads.139.72 / 513.9HOG21 - Widening ofSR 26A /Addresses BacteriaTMDLHogtown Creek /2698DOT, District 2 / -- $3,982,382 / DOT, District 2 /2006Urban Gainesville Area / Widening ofSR 26A with new stormwater runofftreatment. Pollutant removal bytreatment of stormwater runoff fromSR 26A. Addition of dry detentionpond for treatment of stormwaterrunoff. Road runoff treatment notpreviously provided.Benefits:Pollutant removal by treatment ofstormwater runoff from SR 26A. Newtreatment.28.37 / 63.37Lochloosa LakeLOCH04 - Wideningof SR 20 from 2 Laneto 4 Lane /Addresses NutrientTMDLLochloosa Lake /2738ADOT, District 2 / -- $10,763,788 / DOT, District 2 /2006Eastern urban area of Gainesville/Alachua County / Widening of SR 20from 2-lane to 4-lane road withstormwater runoff treatment. Threewet detention ponds installed to treatstormwater runoff along with morethan 100 ditch blocks to capture runoff.Benefits:Pollutant removal bytreatment of stormwater runoff. Noprevious treatment.361.58 /3665.11FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200869TABLE10.1A. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name /Which Type of TMDLis Addressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / ProjectDescription and BenefitsTP and / or TNLoadingReduction (lbsper year)Newnans LakeNEW04 - Widening ofSR 20 from 2 Lane to4 Lane /Addresses NutrientTMDLNewnans Lake /2705BDOT, District 2 / -- $10,763,788- funded alongwith LOCH04 / DOT, District 2 /2006Eastern urban area of Gainesville/Alachua County / Widening of SR 20from 2 lanes to 4 lanes withstormwater runoff treatment. Threewet detention ponds installed to treatstormwater runoff along with morethan 100 ditch blocks to capture runoff.Benefits:Pollutant removal bytreatment of stormwater runoff. Noprevious treatment.361.58 /3665.11Sweetwater BranchSWT02 - DepotAvenue StormwaterPark /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLSweetwater Branch /2711City ofGainesville/DOT /DOT, District 2$7,162,000 / SJRWMD;Legislature; DOT, District 2;City of Gainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee;State Revolving Fund / 2007Depot Avenue / 32-acre brownfieldrestoration site includes 11-acre wetdetention pond developed within apark.Benefits:Reduce sedimentload and nutrient loads.255.8 / 660.7SWT04 - Spring HillStormwater Park /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLSweetwater Branch /2711City of Gainesville / -- $170,000 / City of GainesvilleStormwater ManagementUtility Fee / 2003Springhill Community / 3.6-acrestormwater park designed to treatrunoff from residential areas. Waterquality improvement from wetdetention. Provides compensatingtreatment for redevelopment sitesdowntown.Benefits:Reducesediment load and nutrient loads.Improve water quality from wetdetention.22.1 / 65.8Tumblin CreekTUM01 - SW 5thAvenue Basin /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLTumblin Creek /2718ACity of Gainesville / -- $1,147,818 / City of GainesvilleStormwater ManagementUtility Fee /SW 5th Avenue / 4.8-acre site contains2.5-acre wet detention pond for waterquality improvement. Site is locatednext to 3.5-acre Tumblin Creek Park.Benefits:Reduce sediment load andnutrient loads.19.9 / 156.8FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200870TABLE10.1B. STRUCTURALBMPS—LOADREDUCTIONSNOTCURRENTLYQUANTIFIEDProject Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?WaterbodyName / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsHogtown CreekHOG29 - HydrodynamicSeparator Number 4 /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek /2698City of Gainesville / -- $11,410 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee /OngoingUnit installed in 2-34 block of SW 23rd Terrace in Gainesville. /Installation and operation ofStormceptor Unit on SW 23rdTerrace.Benefits:Prevents sediment and trash from enteringstreams and storm sewer system.HOG30 - HydrodynamicSeparator Number 6 /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek /2698City of Gainesville / -- $29,211 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee /OngoingUnit installed in 1300 block of NW 29th Road in Gainesville. /Installation and operation of Votech Unit #3000 in 1300 block ofNW 29th Road.Benefits:Prevents sediment and trash fromentering streams and storm sewer system.HOG31 - HydrodynamicSeparator Number 7 /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek /2698City of Gainesville / -- $62,728 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee /OngoingUnit installed in 1300 block of NW 29th Road in Gainesville. /Installation and operation of Vortech Unit #11000 in 1300 blockof NW 29th Road.Benefits:Prevents sediment and trash fromentering streams and storm sewer system.Alachua Sink and Sweetwater BranchURBAN03 -HydrodynamicSeparator Number 2 /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLSweetwaterBranch; AlachuaSink / 2711;2720ACity of Gainesville / -- $25,200 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee /Ongoing400-500 block of SE 2nd Place in Gainesville / Installation andoperation of Vortech Unit in 400-500 block of SE 2nd Place indowntown Gainesville.Benefits:Prevents sediment and trashfrom entering streams and storm sewer system.URBAN02 -HydrodynamicSeparator Number 1 /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLSweetwaterBranch; AlachuaSink / 2711;2720ACity of Gainesville /SJRWMD$26,260 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee;SJRWMD / Ongoing400 block of SE 1st Avenue in Gainesville / Installation andoperation of baffle box on SE 1st Avenue in downtownGainesville, used for sediment collection.Benefits:Preventssediment and trash from entering streams and storm sewersystem.URBAN09 -HydrodynamicSeparator Number 3 /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLSweetwaterBranch; AlachuaSink / 2711;2720ACity of Gainesville / -- $11,410 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee /OngoingUnit installed in 1300 block of SE 1st Avenue. / Installation andoperation of Stormceptor unit in1300 block of SE 1st Street indowntown Gainesville.Benefits:Prevents sediment and trashfrom entering streams and storm sewer system.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200871TABLE10.1B. (CONTINUED)*Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?WaterbodyName / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsURBAN10 -HydrodynamicSeparator Number 5 /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLSweetwaterBranch; AlachuaSink / 2711;2720ACity of Gainesville /U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency(EPA)$145,180 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee;EPA grant / OngoingUnits installed in 700 block of NE West Blvd. and 100 block ofNE East Blvd. (Duck Pond area). / Installation and operation of2 continuous deflective separation (CDS) units in downtownGainesville.Benefits:Prevents sediment and trash fromentering streams and storm sewer system.SWT03 - Duck PondRestoration /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLSweetwaterBranch / 2711City of Gainesville /EPA$1,040,000 / EPA Grant;City of GainesvilleStormwater ManagementUtility Fee / 2005NE 10th avenue to NE 5th Avenue/ Creek restoration project toremove concrete channel and add sinuosity and wetland plantsto 2,500-foot channel. Two CDS units added to prevent grosspollutants from entering creek. Duck species replaced andexisting pond dredged and deepened with addition of littoralzone.Benefits:Reduce sediment load, bacteria, and nutrientloads.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200872TABLE10.2. AGRICULTURALBMPSProject Number -Project Name /Which Type of TMDLis Addressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding /Completion orExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsOrange Creek BasinNUTRIENT03 -Silviculture BMPImplementation andCompliance /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake;Newnans Lake;Lochloosa Lake;Cross Creek /2749; 2738A;2754; 2705BDACS, Division ofForestry / --Not available / /OngoingSilviculture lands in Alachua County and Marion County. / BMPs forsilviculture applied to industrial, public, and private lands. SilvicultureBMP implementation and compliance. Silviculture BMPs wereestablished in mid-1970s in response to Clean Water Act, and revisedmost recently in 2004. These BMPS are minimum standards forprotecting and maintaining water quality and wildlife habitat duringforestry activities. BMPs address fertilization, and new projects includeannual basinwide BMP survey and targeted training.Benefits:Protection of streams and lakes fromsurface runoff from silvicultureactivities.NUTRIENT06 -Cow/Calf BMPs /Addresses NutrientTMDLNewnans Lake;Orange Lake;Lochloosa Lake;Cross Creek /2749A; 2705B;2738A; 2754DACS, OAWP /Private landownersNot available /General InspectionTrust Fund / Manualunder development.Manual adoptionexpected by early2008; implementationwill be ongoingMarion County primarily; Alachua County / Cow/Calf BMPimplementation and effectiveness verification. BMPs and manualunder development. BMP implementation and effectivenessverification will be priority focus forDACS in this basin as result ofTMDL Program.Benefits:Protection of streams and lakes fromsurface runoff generated by agricultural operations.NUTRIENT07 -Container NurseryBMPs /Addresses NutrientTMDLNewnans Lake;Orange Lake;Lochloosa Lake;Cross Creek /2749A; 2705B;2738A; 2754DACS, OAWP /Private landownersNot available /General InspectionTrust Fund / BMPmanual adopted;implementation willbe ongoingMarion County primarily; Alachua County / Container Nursery BMPimplementation and effectiveness verification. BMP manual adoptedby DACS rule. However, number of container nursery operations inthis basin is minimal. DACS will evaluate need for BMP enrollmentand implementation assurance for container nurseries.Benefits:Protection of streams and lakesfrom surface runoff generated byagricultural operations.NUTRIENT08 - SodBMPs /Addresses NutrientTMDLNewnans Lake;Orange Lake;Lochloosa Lake;Cross Creek /2749A; 2705B;2738A; 2754DACS, OAWP /Private landownersNot available /General InspectionTrust Fund / Draftmanual complete.BMP Manualadoption expected byearly 2008;implementation willbe ongoingMarion County primarily; Alachua County / Sod operation BMPimplementation and effectiveness verification. Draft BMP manualcomplete. BMPs being finalized forrule adoption. However, sod farmacreage in this basin is minimal. DACS will evaluate need for BMPenrollment and implementation assurance for sod operations.Benefits:Protection of streams and lakes from surface runoffgenerated by agricultural operations.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200873TABLE10.2. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name /Which Type of TMDLis Addressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding /Completion orExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsOR05 - Vegetable andAgronomic CropBMPs /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake;Newnans Lake;Lochloosa Lake;Cross Creek /2749A; 2705B;2738A; 2754DACS, OAWP /Private landownersNot available /General InspectionTrust Fund /Manual adopted.ImplementationongoingMarion County primarily; Alachua County / Row Crop BMPimplementation and effectiveness verification. BMP Manual adoptedby DACS rule. However, row crop acreage in this basin is minimal.DACS will evaluate need for BMP enrollment and implementationassurance for row crops.Benefits:Protection of streams and lakesfrom surface runoff generated by agricultural activities.OR06 – EquineBMPs /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake;Newnans Lake;Lochloosa Lake;Cross Creek /2749A; 2705B;2738A; 2754DACS, OAWP /Private landownersNot available /General InspectionTrust Fund / Manualunder development.BMP Manualadoption expected byearly 2008;implementation willbe ongoingMarion County primarily; Alachua County / Horse Farm BMPimplementation and effectiveness verification. BMPs and manualunder development. BMP implementation and effectivenessverification will be priority focus forDACS in this basin as result ofTMDL Program.Benefits:Protection of streams and lakes fromsurface runoff generated by agricultural activities.Orange Lake, Marion CountyMARION01 - CleanFarms Initiative /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake;Lochloosa Lake /2749; 2738AMarion County CleanWater Program /Marion CountyPlanning Department;Marion CountyExtension Service;Marion County Soil &Water Commission;Southwest FloridaWater ManagementDistrict (SWFWMD)$15,000 / MarionCounty Clean WaterAssessment; GeneralRevenue; SWFWMDgrant / OngoingMarion County–Orange Creek Basin / Clean Farms Initiative isdesigned to assist Marion County farm owners and managers withimplementation of BMPs, and to recognize them for their cooperativeefforts. Clean Farms Initiative promotes BMPs for animal waste andnutrient management on agricultural lands. Initiative was begun bypassage of Resolution 04-R-384, by Marion County Board of CountyCommissioners, recognizing importance of agriculture to county’shistory and economy, while also recognizing need to protect waterresources. As part of Initiative, more than 7,500 surveys andbrochures were mailed in October 2006 to owners of agricultural land,ranging from large operations of several hundred acres to small tractsof land with fewer than a dozen animals. The survey measures currentmanure management and fertilization practices. Results of survey andinput from focus groups held in February and March 2007 will be usedto direct Initiative’snext steps aimed at protecting and preservingwater resources.Benefits: Protection of ground water and surfacewater as well as wetlands from runoff from equine activities.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200874TABLE10.3. RESTORATION ANDWATERQUALITYIMPROVEMENTPROJECTSProject Number - ProjectName / Which Type ofTMDL is Addressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description andBenefitsHogtown CreekHOG18 - SedimentRemoval /Addresses Bacteria TMDLHogtown Creek /2698DOT, District 2 / -- $2,374,166 - construction costplus $108,000 per year forsediment traps andmaintenance dredging / DOT,District 2 / 2005NW 34th St. and University Ave. / Removal ofexcessive sediment at bridges. Construction of 4sediment sump compartments per managementplan.Benefits:Reduce sediment beingdeposited in Sugarfoot Prairie.HOG19 - SedimentRemoval /Addresses Bacteria TMDLHogtown Creek /2698City of Gainesville / -- $280,000 / City of GainesvilleStormwater ManagementUtility Fee; FederalEmergency ManagementAssociation (FEMA) / 2005NW 8th Ave. / Removal of excessive sediment atbridge.Benefits:Reduce sediment beingdeposited in Loblolly floodplain.HOG26 - Forest ParkVegetative Enhancement /Addresses Bacteria TMDLHogtown Creek /2698ACEPD / National Oceanicand AtmosphericAdministration (NOAA);Alachua County, City ofGainesville, DOT, District2 (Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership); CurrentProblems, Inc.$7,500 / Alachua County, Cityof Gainesville, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership) cost-share;partially funded by NOAACoastal Impact AssistanceProgram (CIAP) grant /OngoingCity of Gainesville / Forest Park - stormwaterpond vegetative enhancement.Benefits:Reduce pollutant concentrations in stormwaterrunoff; public educationeffort to demonstrateimportance of vegetatedbuffers in preventingnonpoint source pollution; implement AlachuaCounty Comp Plan Conservation and OpenSpace Element - Education and OutreachObjective 2.2; Surface Water Systems Objective4.6; Alachua County Unified Land DevelopmentCode (ULDC) - 406.43 Water Resources Buffers;ULDC 407.56 Requirements for StormwaterManagement Areas used as Open Space; ULDCArticle 9 Stormwater Management.Newnans LakeNEW11 - Newnans LakePlanting-Fiscal Year (FY)2005–06 /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake /2705BFlorida Fish and WildlifeConservation Commission(FWC) / DEP CooperativeAquatic PlantManagement Program$19,500 / FWC / June 2006 Newnans/eastshore, south of Windsor ramp /Transplant 90,000 maidencane, knotgrass andgiant bulrush plants (30,000 of each species) inareas where littoral habitat is sparse.Benefits:Promote establishment ofbeneficial vegetation inareas where habitat is sparse.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200875TABLE10.3. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type ofTMDL is Addressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description andBenefitsNEW12 - Newnans LakePlanting-FY 2006–07 /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake /2705BFWC / DEP CooperativeAquatic PlantManagement Program$11,000 / FWC / June 2007 Newnans/eastshore, south of Windsor ramp /Transplant 20,000 maidencane, 20,000knotgrass, and 10,000 giant bulrush plants inareas where littoral habitat is sparse.Benefits:Promote establishment ofbeneficial vegetation inareas where habitat is sparse.NEW13 - Newnans LakeHerbicide /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake /2705BFWC / DEP CooperativeAquatic PlantManagement Program$1,000 / FWC / June 2006 Newnans/east shore, near Windsor ramp. /Herbicide control of herbaceous tussocks(pennywort,Scirpus cubensis, cupscale). Eastshore near Windsor has some of most suitablebottom substrate for sportfish spawning inNewnans Lake. FWC removed dense mats ofherbaceous tussock to promote establishment ofbeneficial submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV)and rooted emergent species.Benefits:Improve sportfish habitat and promoteestablishment of SAV.NEW14 - Newnans LakePlanting-FY 2007–08 /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake /2705BFWC / DEP CooperativeAquatic PlantManagement Program$21,000 / FWC / June 2008 Newnans/east shore / Transplant 20,000maidencane, 30,000 knotgrass, and 20,000 giantbulrush plants in areas where littoral habitat issparse.Benefits:Promote establishment ofbeneficial vegetation in areas where habitat issparse.NEW15 - Newnans LakeAnnual Aquatic PlantMaintenance Program /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake /2705BDEP Cooperative AquaticPlant ManagementProgram / --$35,000 annual cost / DEPCooperative Aquatic PlantManagement Program /OngoingNewnans Lake, Alachua County / Annualmaintenance program for control of non-nativespecies hydrilla, waterhyacinth, and waterlettuce.Plant control is by herbicide application.Benefits:Protects native plant communities andreduces organic muck buildup from growth ofexotic species.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200876TABLE10.3. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type ofTMDL is Addressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description andBenefitsOrange LakeOR11 - Orange LakeMechanical Scraping /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 FWC / -- $648,403 / FWC / 2002 Selected areas of Orange Lake / Mechanicalscraping of muck from selected areas of OrangeLake. Mechanically scrape muck with uplanddisposal or deposit on in-lake island.Benefits:Restore fish spawning substrate.OR12 - Orange LakeFrog's-bit Control /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 FWC / DEP CooperativeAquatic PlantManagement Program$31,500 / FWC / 2005 Northern sections of Orange Lake / Herbicidecontrol of floating matsof frog's-bit in northernsections of Orange Lake.Benefits:Restoredeep marsh habitat.OR13 - Orange LakeTussock Control /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 FWC / DEP CooperativeAquatic PlantManagement Program$146,057 / FWC / 2005 Northern sections of Orange Lake / Mechanicalshredding of tussocks in north portion of OrangeLake. Mechanically shred acres of tussocks.Benefits:Restore deep marsh habitat.OR14 - Orange LakeTussock Harvesting /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 FWC / DEP CooperativeAquatic PlantManagement Program$346,500 / FWC / 2005 Southeast section of Orange Lake, Essen Run /Mechanical harvesting of tussocks from EssenRun area of Orange Lake. Harvest 36 acres oftussocks from Orange Lake with upland disposal.Benefits:Restore deep marsh habitat.OR15 - Orange LakeFloating Tussock Control /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 DEP Cooperative AquaticPlant ManagementProgram /DEP Contractors$2,252,000 / DEP CooperativeAquatic Plant ManagementProgram / Nov. 2005Orange Lake, in Marion and Alachua Counties /Control of floating tussocks by shredding.Provides for restoration of deep marsh habitat,protection of established emergent vegetation,and navigation.Benefits:Improved fish andwildlife habitat and public recreation andnavigation.OR16 - Orange LakeAnnual Aquatic PlantMaintenance Program /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 DEP Cooperative AquaticPlant ManagementProgram / --$750,000 annual cost / DEPCooperative Aquatic PlantManagement Program /OngoingOrange Lake, Marion and Alachua Counties /Annual maintenance program for control of nonnative species hydrilla, waterhyacinth, wild taro,and water lettuce.Benefits:Protects nativeplant communities and reduces organic muckbuildup from growth of exotic species.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200877TABLE10.4. REGULATIONS,ORDINANCES,ANDGUIDELINESProject Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description andBenefitsOrange Creek Basin within Alachua CountyALCODE01 - AlachuaCounty Water QualityCode Implementation /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2711; 2698ACEPD / Alachua County, Cityof Gainesville, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership)$17,400 / Alachua County,City of Gainesville, DOT,District 2 (Gainesville CleanWater Partnership)cost-share / OngoingAlachua County / Alachua County Water QualityCode Implementation for Tumblin Creek,Sweetwater Branch, and Hogtown Creek. Publiceducation, outreach,and enforcement.Benefits:Reduction of pollutant concentrations in stormwaterrunoff. Implementation of Alachua County CodeChapter 77, Water Quality Standards andManagement Practices.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200878TABLE10.5. SPECIALSTUDIES ANDPLANNINGEFFORTSProject Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsOrange Creek BasinURBAN07 - Assessment Tool forMS4 Pollutant Load Reduction /Addresses Bacteria and NutrientTMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek; LittleHatchet Creek; LakeForest Creek / 2698; 2711;2718A; 2695; 2709City of Gainesville / UF;Florida StormwaterAssociation$13,000 /Florida StormwaterAssociation / 2007Urban Area / UF study to determine loadreductions for MS4 operations. Loadreductions will be determined for baffleboxes and street sweeping.Benefits:Provide methods that will allowcalculation of loading reductions fromaccepted pollutant prevention andremoval practices.Alachua SinkAS04 - Expanded NutrientMonitoring Alachua Sink /Addresses Nutrient TMDLAlachua Sink / 2720A ACEPD / -- $5,600 / AlachuaCounty / Sept. 2004Sweetwater Branch and Paynes Prairie /Expanded nutrient monitoring of AlachuaSink.Benefits:Determine current waterquality and water level conditions inAlachua Sink. Implement AlachuaCounty Comprehensive Plan (CompPlan) Conservation and Open SpaceElement - Surface Water SystemsObjective 4.6.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200879TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsAS05 - Feasibility Analysis ofSweetwater Branch SheetflowRestoration Project at PaynesPrairie Preserve State Park,Alachua County, Florida /Addresses Nutrient TMDLAlachua Sink / 2720A City of Gainesville PublicWorks and GRU / DEPParks and Recreation$25,000 / Each partnerpaid 1/3 of cost /9/30/2006Sweetwater Branch at Paynes Prairie /Assess technical and economic feasibilityof restoring historical sheetflow ofSweetwater Branch onto wetlands ofPaynes Prairie by diverting flow fromAlachua Sink. Determine allowablenutrient concentrations and loading toPaynes Prairie. Evaluate proposeddiversion of Sweetwater Branchdischarge to wetland flow through systemrather than direct discharge to AlachuaSink. Collaborative study with GRU andPaynes Prairie Preserve State Park.Benefits:Rehydration of hundreds ofacres of wetlands in Paynes PrairiePreserve State Park and diversion ofSweetwater Branch discharge fromAlachua Sink.AS11 - Alachua Sink IntensiveStudy and Main Street WaterReclamation Facility WaterReuse Feasibility /Addresses Nutrient TMDLAlachua Sink / 2720A GRU / -- $445,299 / GRUratepayers; FY 2003–07Alachua Sink/Sweetwater Branch /Intensive water quality study to providebetter understanding of nutrient loadingto Alachua Sink and evaluation ofmodeling utilized in TMDL and todetermine reuse feasibility.Benefits:Water quality data collected utilized inTMDL development.AS12 - Paynes PrairieVegetative Study /Addresses Nutrient TMDLAlachua Sink / 2720A Orange Creek BasinPartnership / SJRWMD;Alachua County; GRU;City of Gainesville PublicWorks; Paynes PrairieState Preserve$51,479 / -- / 2002 Paynes Prairie / Study to determine ifnutrients from Sweetwater Branch werecorrelated with herbaceous vegetation inPaynes Prairie.Benefits:Studydocuments influence of urban surfacewater on natural systems.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200880TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsAS13 - Gainesville RegionalUtilities Reclaimed Water MasterPlan /Addresses Nutrient TMDLAlachua Sink / 2720A GRU / -- $130,000 /GRU ratepayers / 2007City of Gainesville / Alachua County /Strategic planning effort to evaluatefuture reclaimed water alternatives thatwill impact options for meeting TMDL.Benefits:Expanded reuse will reducenutrient loading to Alachua Sink.AS15 - Paynes Prairie SheetflowRestoration Conceptual Plan /Addresses Nutrient TMDLAlachua Sink / 2720A City of Gainesville, GRU /DEP Division of Parksand Recreation;SJRWMD$29,500 / GRU;City of Gainesville /2007Paynes Prairie / Develop conceptual planand estimate of costs for proposedPaynes Prairie Restoration Project.Project to proceed with approval of allregulatory agencies.Benefits:MeetTMDL through cooperative treatmentalternatives.AS16 - Paynes Prairie SheetflowRestoration Evaluation of MainStreet Water ReclamationFacility Upgrades /Addresses Nutrient TMDLAlachua Sink / 2720A GRU / -- $27,385 /GRU ratepayers / 2007Paynes Prairie / Evaluate Main StreetWRF treatment options and offlinewetland performance and sizing inconjunction with proposed Paynes PrairieSheetflow Restoration Project. Developpreliminary wetland sizing and estimatefinished water quality from enhancedoffline wetland in conjunction with variousMain Street WRF upgrade alternatives.Benefits:Meet TMDL throughcooperative treatment alternatives.Urban Creeks: Hogtown Creek, Sweetwater Branch, Tumblin Creek bacteriological studiesBACTERIA01 - Bacterial SourceTracking /Addresses Bacteria TMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch /2718A; 2711ACEPD / -- $24,600 /Alachua County /Aug. 2003City of Gainesville / Bacterial sourcetracking by antibiotic resistance analysis(ARA) and discriminate ribotype analysis(ribotyping).Benefits:Fecal coliformbacteria source identification using ARA,ribotyping, and enumeration of fecalcoliform and Enterococci bacteria.Implements Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element -Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200881TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsBACTERIA02 - Fecal ColiformSource Assessment /Addresses Bacteria TMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2711; 2698ACEPD / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT, District2 (Gainesville CleanWater Partnership)$45,000 / Currentlypartially funded;Alachua County, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean WaterPartnership)cost-share / Sept. 2007City of Gainesville; Alachua County /Fecal coliform source assessment usingexpanded microbiological sampling andselected MST techniques.Benefits:MST project-phased approachassessment with expandedbacteriological monitoring and humanspecific MST at selected sites.Implements Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element -Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6.BACTERIA03 - Coliform Wetand Dry Season Assessment /Addresses Bacteria TMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2711; 2698ACEPD / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT, District2 (Gainesville CleanWater Partnership)$15,000 / Currentlypartially funded;Alachua County, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean WaterPartnership)cost-share / July 2007Gainesville urban area / Assessment ofwet and dry season fecal coliformconcentrations in surface waters atselected stations.Benefits:Providedata for wet season and dry seasoncoliform concentrations for use indetermining baseline conditions andachievable load reductions; implementAlachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element -Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6.BACTERIA04 - Expanded FecalColiform Bacteria Monitoring /Addresses Bacteria TMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2711; 2698ACEPD / -- $30,000 /Alachua County /OngoingGainesville urban area / Expandedbaseflow fecal coliform monitoring tobetter identify streamsegments with highbacterial counts.Benefits:Determinecurrent water quality and water levelconditions in Tumblin Creek, HogtownCreek, and Sweetwater Branch.Implements Comp Plan Conservationand Open Space Element -SurfaceWater Systems Objective 4.6.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200882TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsBACTERIA05 - Microbial SourceTracking Study /Addresses Bacteria TMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $419,000 /GRU ratepayers / June2007Gainesville urban creeks within GRUwastewater collection system servicearea (115 square miles) / MST study tobetter understand relative contributionsof various sources of fecal pollution increeks. Study applies advancedscientific methods to determine relativecontribution of each potential source andidentifies locations where human fecalpollution is present or absent.Benefits:Better identification of bacterialcontamination sources.BACTERIA06 - OpticalBrighteners /Addresses Bacteria and NutrientTMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2711; 2698ACEPD / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT, District2 (Gainesville CleanWater Partnership)$9,000 / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean WaterPartnership)cost-share / May 2006City of Gainesville / Optical brightenerand fecal coliform analyses throughoutwatershed for illicit discharge detection.Benefits:Identify illicit discharges usingoptical brighteners, dry season(baseflow) and wet season sampling.Implements Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element -Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6.BACTERIA16 - Evaluation ofFecal Coliform Bacteria "HotSpots" in Gainesville UrbanCreeksAddresses Bacteria TMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2711; 2698DEP; ACEPD; City ofGainesville Public Works;GRU; ACHDUnavailable / WaterQuality Restoration /PendingUrban creeks in Orange Creek Basin /Project directed to further investigation oflocations in urban creeks with continuedhigh fecal coliform bacteria counts. Partof BMAP implementation to identifysources for continued high fecal counts.Benefits:Identify and remediate sourcesof fecal coliform.HOG15 - Evaluation ofResidential Septic TanksSystems Adjacent to Hogtownand Possum Creeks, TumblinCreek, and Sweetwater Branch /Addresses Bacteria TMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek / 2698ACHD, EnvironmentalHealth Section /$20,000 / / Sept. 2005 Alachua County / Includes identifyingparcels with septic tanks, conducting soilborings to check water table, fecalcoliform analyses, with full-timetemporary OPS position (one year).Benefits:Identify potential fecal coliformsources.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200883TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsSweetwater BranchSWT18 - Expanded NutrientMonitoring Sweetwater Branch /Addresses Nutrient TMDLSweetwater Branch / 2711 ACEPD / -- $5,600 / AlachuaCounty / Sept. 2004City of Gainesville / Expanded nutrientmonitoring of Sweetwater Branch.Benefits:Determine current waterquality and water level conditions inSweetwater Branch on Paynes Prairieand Alachua Sink. Implements AlachuaCounty Comp Plan Conservation andOpen Space Element -Surface WaterSystems Objective 4.6.SWT24 - Sweetwater BranchWatershed Management PlanUpdate and Land Acquisition /Addresses Bacteria and NutrientTMDLSweetwater Branch / 2711 City of Gainesville / EPA $530,000 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee;EPA grant / 2006Watershed / Study to identify andprioritize new water quality treatmentprojects and develop stream stabilizationplan. Balance of EPA grant funds usedfor land acquisition of project sites.Benefits:Management options wereidentified. Top-priority project sites werepurchased. Top-priority projects wereadded to City of Gainesville CapitalImprovements Project list. Planinformation used to successfully apply forSection 319 funding.SWT29 - Inlet Protection PilotProject, Sweetwater Branch /Addresses Bacteria and NutrientTMDLSweetwater Branch / 2711 ACEPD / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean Water Partnership)$2,000 / Currentlypartially funded;Alachua County, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean WaterPartnership)cost-share / July 2007City of Gainesville / Assessment ofstormwater drop inlet geotextile filteringdevices at Florida Pest Control(impervious acreage 3.96 acres) toquantify sediments, particle sizes, andpollutants.Benefits:Determineeffectiveness of drop inlet protectiondevices in reducing pollutant loadingfrom impervious area stormwater runoff;implement Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element -Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200884TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsSweetwater BranchSWT30 - In-streamBioassessments in the HogtownCreek, Sweetwater Branch,Tumblin Creek, Little HatchetCreek, Hatchet Creek, and LakeForest Creek Watersheds /Addresses Bacteria and NutrientTMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek; LittleHatchet Creek; HatchetCreek; Lake Forest Creek/ 2698; 2711; 2718A;2695; 2688; 2709Alachua County / City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2, (GainesvilleClean Water Partnership)$47,675 / DOT,District 2 / projectedstart 2008Orange Creek Basin / In-streambioassessments in Hogtown Creek,Sweetwater Branch, Tumblin Creek,Little Hatchet Creek, Hatchet Creek, andLake Forest Creek watersheds forcomparison with historical BioRecondata.Benefits:To determine currentstatus of in-stream biological health inthese watersheds; implement AlachuaCounty Comp Plan Conservation andOpen Space Element - Surface WaterSystems Objective 4.6.Tumblin CreekTUM03 - Tumblin CreekWatershed Management PlanUpdate /Addresses Bacteria and NutrientTMDLTumblin Creek / 2718A City of Gainesville / $246,426 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee;CP;UH CRA / 2007Tumblin Creek Watershed / Study toidentify and prioritize new water qualitytreatment projects and low-impactdevelopment options.Benefits:Pollutant loading model developed andpollutant load reduction projects havebeen identified and ranked.Hogtown CreekHOG17 - FluvialGeomorphologic Assessmentand Preliminary Restoration Plan/Addresses Bacteria TMDLHogtown Creek / 2698 City of Gainesville /SJRWMD; U.S. ArmyCorps of Engineers(USACOE)$107,200 / 206USACOE program;SJRWMD Cost-shareGrant; City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement UtilityFee / 2003Northwest Gainesville / Study todetermine source of excessivesedimentation in Hogtown Creek and todevelop preliminary plan to stabilizecreek system.Benefits:First step indeveloping plan to stabilize excessivein-stream erosion.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200885TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsHOG24 - Inlet Protection PilotProject, Hogtown Creek /Addresses Bacteria and NutrientTMDLHogtown Creek / 2698 ACEPD / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean Water Partnership)$2,000 / Currentlypartially funded;Alachua County,City of Gainesville,DOT, District 2(Gainesville CleanWater Partnership)cost-share / July 2007City of Gainesville / Assessment ofstormwater drop inlet geotextile filteringdevices at Gainesville Public WorksCompound (impervious acreage 9.99acres) to quantify sediments, particlesizes, and pollutants (SpringsteadCreek).Benefits:Determineeffectiveness of drop inlet protectiondevices in reducing pollutant loadingfrom impervious area stormwater runoff;implement Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element -Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6.Newnans LakeHAT01 - Expanded Coliform andIron Monitoring /Addresses Bacteria TMDLHatchet Creek / 2688 ACEPD / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean Water Partnership)$5,000 / AlachuaCounty, City ofGainesville, DOT,District 2 (GainesvilleClean WaterPartnership)cost-share / Dec. 2006Northeast Alachua County / Additionalmonitoring to better define spatialdistribution of coliform bacteria. Collectsamples on monthly basis throughoutwatershed at an estimated 8 sites.Benefits:Determine areas in watershedwith elevated iron and fecal coliform;implement Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element -Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6.NEW01 - Development ofPollutant Load Reduction Goals(PLRGs) for Newnans Lake /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake / 2705B SJRWMD / -- $1,000,000 / SJRWMDad valorem, WaterManagement LandsTrust Fund, legislativeappropriations,EcosystemsManagement TrustFund, Surface WaterImprovement andManagement (SWIM)fund / preliminary PLRG2007; final 2008Newnans Lake watershed / Developmentof science-based estimates of nutrient (Nand/or P) external load reductionsneeded to restore lakes to state waterquality standards. Diagnostic studies,water quality data, and hydrologicmodels used to estimate target nutrientconcentrations to meet water qualitystandards and nutrient load reductionsneeded to meet targets and restore waterquality.Benefits:Assist DEP indevelopment of TMDLs for NewnansLake.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200886Table 10.5. (Continued)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsNEW08 - Ground Water-SurfaceWater Interaction Study,Newnans Lake /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake / 2705B DEP / -- $45,000 for 6 lakes;about $7,500 forNewnans Lake / / 2008Newnans Lake watershed / Proposedstudy to examine ground water pathwaysthrough which nutrients enter NewnansLake.Benefits:Improve understandingof ground water’s role in contributingnutrients to Newnans Lake.NEW09 - Nutrient LoadingEstimation during Storm Event /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake;Lochloosa Lake/ 2688;2705B; 2728SJRWMD / -- $198,100 / Legislativeappropriation / Sept.2008Newnans Lake and Lochloosa Lakewatersheds / This study will measurenutrient loading into Newnans Lake andLochloosa Lake via five tributaries duringstorms. Stormwater quality anddischarge data will be collected from fivetributaries in Newnans Lake andLochloosa Lake watersheds.Benefits:Data will be used to refine hydrologicmodels of nutrient loading to these lakes,critical to PLRG development.NEW10 - Spatial NutrientLoading Dynamics in theNewnans Lake Watershed /Addresses Nutrient TMDLNewnans Lake / 2688;2705B; 2728SJRWMD / -- $151,000 / Legislativeappropriation, WaterManagement LandsTrust Fund / Sept. 2008Newnans Lake watershed / To determineexternal sources of nutrient contributingto Newnans Lake. Data will be collectedregarding spatial and temporal dynamicsof nutrient pollutant loads in surfacewaters and ground water in NewnansLake watershed.Benefits:Data will beused to refine hydrologic models ofnutrient loading to these lakes, critical toPLRG development.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200887TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsOrange Lake and Lochloosa LakeLOCH07 - Ground Water -Surface Water Interaction StudyLochloosa Lake Area, Alachuaand Marion Counties, Florida /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake; LochloosaLake/ 2749; 2738ADEP / $64,000 / federal funds /April 2007Lochloosa Lake and Orange Lakewatersheds / Study examined groundwater pathways through which nutrientsenter Lochloosa Lake and Orange Lake.Field investigations to determine levels ofTP and TN in different aquifersassociated with land use categories.Radon studies performed to estimateground water seepage into LochloosaLake.Benefits:Better estimation ofground water inputs of TP in TMDLmodels.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200888TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsLOCH01 - Development ofPollutant Load Reduction Goals(PLRGs) for Lochloosa LakeLochloosa Lake; CrossCreek / 2738A; 2754SJRWMD / -- $1,000,000 / SJRWMDad valorem, WaterManagement LandsTrust Fund, legislativeappropriations,EcosystemsManagement TrustFund, SWIM fund /preliminary PLRG2008/final 2009Lochloosa Lake watershed /Development of science-based estimatesof nutrient (N and/or P) external loadreductions needed to restore lakes tostate water quality standards. Diagnosticstudies, water quality data, andhydrologic modelsused to estimatetarget nutrient concentrations to meetwater quality standards and nutrient loadreductions needed to meet targets andrestore water quality.Benefits:AssistDEP development of TMDLs.MARION02 - Marion CountyAquifer Vulnerability Assessment(MCAVA) /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake; LochloosaLake/ 2749; 2738AMarion County CleanWater Program / --$82,850 / MarionCounty Clean WaterAssessment / Projectedcompletion Aug. 2007Marion County-Orange Creek Basin /Identification of vulnerable areas ofaquifer. Project provides scientificallydefensible water resource managementand protection tool that will facilitateplanning of human activities to helpminimize adverse impacts on groundwater quality. Aquifer vulnerability mapsare displayed in classes of relativevulnerability (one area is more vulnerablethan another). Maps benefit localgovernment, planners, and developers inguiding growth into more appropriateareas (e.g., ground water rechargeareas) and improve site selection forexpanding existing or establishing newwellfields.Benefits:Identifies areaswhere aquifer is vulnerable to pollution.Potential for futuremanagement ofactivities in those areas to reducepollution of ground water.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200889TABLE10.5. (CONTINUED)Project Number - ProjectName / Which Type of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source ofFunding / Completionor ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Descriptionand BenefitsMARION04 - Orange CreekWatershed Management PlanAddresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 Marion County CleanWater Program / --$196,670 / MarionCounty Clean WaterAssessment / ongoingOrange Creek Basin (part of countywideprogram) / Watershed managementplans (WMPs) will be completedcountywide and are used to identify andaddress Marion County water qualityissues. WMPs will include creation andmaintenance of comprehensivegeodatabase for Marion County stormsewer system data, watershedboundaries, and hydrologic featurescountywide. WMP for Orange Creek hasbeen initiated. Watershed evaluation willbe complete by September 2008.Benefits: Identify water quality issuesand implement corrective actions.OR01 - Development ofPollutant Load Reduction Goals(PLRGs) for Orange Lake /Addresses Nutrient TMDLOrange Lake / 2749 SJRWMD / -- $1,000,000 / SJRWMDad valorem, WaterManagement LandsTrust Fund, legislativeappropriations,EcosystemsManagement TrustFund, SWIM fund /preliminary PLRG2008/final 2009Orange Lake watershed / Developmentof science-based estimates of nutrient (Nand/or P) external load reductionsneeded to restore lakes to state waterquality standards. Diagnostic studies,water quality data, and hydrologicmodels used to estimate target nutrientconcentrations to meet water qualitystandards and nutrient load reductionsneeded to meet targets and restore waterquality.Benefits:Assist DEP indevelopment of TMDLs for Orange Lake.Lake WaubergWAU01 - Evaluation of SepticSystems Surrounding LakeWauberg /Addresses Nutrient TMDLLake Wauberg / 2741 ACHD, EnvironmentalHealth Section / --$15,000 / -- / Sept. 2005 Lake Wauberg watershed / Includesidentifying parcels with septic tanks,conducting soil borings to check watertable, and sampling for nutrients.Benefits:Locate areas where septicsystems or other domestic wastetreatment systems may be contributing Nand P to Lake Wauberg.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200890TABLE10.6. EDUCATION ANDOUTREACHEFFORTSProject Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?WaterbodyName / WBIDLead Entity / Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsOrange Creek BasinALACHUA02 - WaterQuality ProtectionPublic Education andOutreach /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLOrange CreekBasin / HUC03080102ACEPD; Alachua County, City ofGainesville, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership);SJRWMD / --$40,000 annually (WAVprogram countywide) /Alachua County, City ofGainesville, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership) and SJRWMDcost-share / OngoingAlachua County / Public education to promotestormwater nutrient (N and P) reduction to protectground water and surface water resources.Benefits:Reduce pollutant concentrations in stormwater runoff;public education effort todemonstrate importance ofpreventing nonpoint source pollution; implementAlachua County Comp Plan Conservation and OpenSpace Element - Education and Outreach Objective 2.2;Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6; Alachua CountyULDC - 406.43 Water Resources Buffers; ULDC 407.56Requirements for Stormwater Management Areas usedas Open Space; ULDC Article 9 StormwaterManagement.ALACHUA03 - WaterQuality Protection BMPTraining /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange CreekBasin / HUC03080102ACEPD / Alachua County, Cityof Gainesville, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership)$20,000 annually / AlachuaCounty, City of Gainesville,DOT, District 2 (GainesvilleClean Water Partnership)cost-share / UnknownAlachua County / Training and education for contractorsand agricultural interests in sedimentation and erosioncontrol and nutrient management to improve stormwaterquality. Newnans Lake is impaired for nutrients.Lochloosa Lake and Orange Lake have deterioratingwater quality and increased suspended solids andnutrients.Benefits:Reduce pollutant concentrations instormwater runoff; public education effort todemonstrate importance of preventing nonpoint sourcepollution; implement Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element - Educationand Outreach Objective 2.2;Surface Water SystemsObjective 4.6; Alachua County ULDC - 406.43 WaterResources Buffers; ULDC Article 9 StormwaterManagement.OCB01 - CommunityBased SocialMarketing Workshop /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLOrange CreekBasin / HUC03080102Sustainable Alachua County;DEP; City of Gainesville;Alachua County; GRU / --$25,000 / EPA Section 319federal funds and localsupport / Jan. 17–19, 2007Orange Creek Basin / Three-day workshop composedof 1-day Introductory Workshop and 2-day AdvancedWorkshop to teach principles of social marketing andhow to foster sustainable behavior.Benefits:Enhancepublic education and outreachefforts. Also promoteorganizational structures that are compatible withsustainability.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200891TABLE10.6. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?WaterbodyName / WBIDLead Entity / Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsSweetwater BranchSWT22 - SpringhillPond VegetativeEnhancement /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLSweetwaterBranch / 2711ACEPD / UF–IFAS ExtensionService; NOAA; City ofGainesville, DOT, District 2,Alachua County (GainesvilleClean Water Partnership);Current Problems, Inc. (Adopt ARiver)$7,500 / Alachua County, Cityof Gainesville, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership) cost-share;partially funded by NOAACIAP grant / OngoingCity of Gainesville / Springhill Park - public educationworkshop and stormwater pond and seepage wetlandvegetative enhancement.Benefits:Reduce pollutantconcentrations in stormwater runoff; publiceducationeffort to demonstrate importance of vegetated buffers inpreventing nonpoint source pollution; implementAlachua County Comp Plan Conservation and OpenSpace Element Education and Outreach - Objective 2.2;Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6; Alachua CountyULDC - 406.43 Water Resources Buffers; ULDC 407.56Requirements for Stormwater Management Areas usedas Open Space; ULDC Article 9 StormwaterManagement.Tumblin CreekTUM18 - TumblinBasin VegetativeEnhancement /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLTumblin Creek /2718AACEPD / UF–IFAS ExtensionService; City of Gainesville,Alachua County, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership); Current Problems,Inc. (Adopt A River)$7,500 / Alachua County, Cityof Gainesville, DOT, District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership) cost-share /OngoingCity of Gainesville / Tumblin Basin (SW 5th Avenue) -public education workshop and stormwater pondvegetative enhancement.Benefits:Reduce pollutantconcentrations in stormwater runoff; publiceducationeffort to demonstrate importance of vegetated buffers inpreventing nonpoint source pollution; implementAlachua County Comp Plan Conservation and OpenSpace Element - Education and Outreach Objective 2.2;Surface Water Systems Objective 4.6; Alachua CountyULDC - 406.43 Water Resources Buffers; ULDC 407.56Requirements for Stormwater Management Areas usedas Open Space; ULDC Article 9 StormwaterManagement.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200892TABLE10.7. BASICSTORMWATERMANAGEMENTPROGRAMIMPLEMENTATIONProject Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding/ Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / ProjectDescription and BenefitsTP and / or TNLoadingReduction (lbsper year)Orange Creek BasinMSPERMIT01 - City ofGainesville WaterPollution PreventionProgram - NPDES MS4Permit /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLTumblin Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Little Hatchet Creek;Lake Forest Creek;Hogtown Creek / 2718A;2718A; 2695; 2709;2711; 2698City of Gainesville /Alachua County;DOT, District 2$2,899,500 total; $929,300is city's share / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee;City of Gainesville, AlachuaCounty, and DOT District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership) cost-share /OngoingUrbanized area of Gainesville/Alachua County / Multiple publicoutreach and education programs,illicit discharge detection andelimination programs, mapping andmodeling efforts, construction sitepollution prevention programs, andmunicipal operations pollutionprevention programs.Benefits:Remove illicit connections; BMPimplementation. Potential forreduction in loadings.Unknown /UnknownMSPERMIT02 - AlachuaCounty Water PollutionPrevention Program -NPDES MS4 Permit /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek; LittleHatchet Creek; LakeForest Creek / 2698;2711; 2718A; 2695;2709Alachua CountyPublic Works / Cityof Gainesville; DOT,District 2$2,899,500 total; $594,500is county's share / Costshared by City ofGainesville, AlachuaCounty, DOT District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership) / OngoingUrbanized area of Gainesville/Alachua County / Multiple publicoutreach and education programs,illicit discharge detection andelimination programs, mapping andmodeling efforts, construction sitepollution prevention programs, andmunicipal operations pollutionprevention programs.Benefits:Remove illicit connections; BMPimplementation. Potential forreduction in loadings.Unknown /UnknownMSPERMIT03 - FloridaDepartment ofTransportation, District 2,Alachua County WaterPollution PreventionProgram - NPDES MS4Permit /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek; LittleHatchet Creek; LakeForest Creek / 2698;2711; 2718A; 2695;2709DOT, District 2 /Alachua County,City of Gainesville$2,899,500 total; $691,500is DOT District 2's share /Cost shared by City ofGainesville, AlachuaCounty, DOT District 2(Gainesville Clean WaterPartnership) / OngoingUrbanized area of Gainesville/Alachua County / Multiple publicoutreach and education programs,illicit discharge detection andelimination programs, mapping andmodeling efforts, construction sitepollution prevention programs, andmunicipal operations pollutionprevention programs.Benefits:Remove illicit connections; BMPimplementation. Potential forreduction in loadings.Unknown /UnknownFINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200893TABLE10.7. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding/ Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / ProjectDescription and BenefitsTP and / or TNLoadingReduction (lbsper year)URBAN01 - StreetSweeping /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek; LittleHatchet Creek; LakeForest Creek / 2698;2711; 2718A; 2695; 2709City of Gainesville /--$568,000 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee /OngoingUrban Area / Benchmark frequencyfor sweeping downtown area istwice per week in early morningwith additional sweeping asneeded during special events.Benchmark sweeping frequency formajor roads is once every 4 weeksor as needed. Benchmarkfrequency of sweeping forresidential areas is about 9 timesannually. Performance measure ofdebris and sediment collected is17,000 cubic yards per year.Benefits:Remove debris,sediment, and potential pollutantsfrom streets. Prevent entry intostorm sewer system.Unknown /UnknownURBAN04 - State RoadsStreet Sweeping /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek; LittleHatchet Creek; LakeForest Creek / 2698;2711; 2718A; 2695; 2709DOT, District 2 / -- Not available / DOT,District 2 / OngoingUrban Area / Street sweeping ofstate roads within urbanized areasthat have curb and gutter. IncludesUS441, SR26, SR20, SR24,SR128, SR 222, and SR121.Areas are swept by City ofGainesville and contract personnelfor DOT. Minimum benchmarksweeping frequency is quarterly.Performance benchmark for debriscollected is 125 tons per year.Benefits:Remove debris,sediment, and potential pollutantsfrom streets. Prevent entry intostorm sewer system.2251 / 6110FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200894TABLE10.7. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding/ Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / ProjectDescription and BenefitsTP and / or TNLoadingReduction (lbsper year)URBAN08 - AlachuaCounty Roads StreetSweeping /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHogtown Creek;Sweetwater Branch;Tumblin Creek; LittleHatchet Creek; LakeForest Creek / 2698;2711; 2718A; 2695; 2709Alachua County / -- Not available / -- / Ongoing Urban Area / Sweeping of AlachuaCounty–maintained roads withinurbanized area. Benchmarkfrequency for sweeping of roadswith curb and gutter is recurring60-day cycle.Benefits:Removedebris, sediment, and potentialpollutants from streets. Prevententry into storm sewer system.Unknown /UnknownURBAN11 - DOT StormSewer Geodatabase –Alachua County /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHUC 03080102 / OrangeCreek Basin /DOT, District 2 /Alachua County;City of Gainesville$272,375 / DOT, District 2 /OngoingAlachua County / Maintaincomprehensive geodatabase forDOT-related storm sewer systemdata in Alachua County.Coordinate with City of Gainesvilleand AC Public Works for datacompatibility.Benefits:Providelocation information of storm sewerinfrastructure and allow for flowmodeling and illicit dischargetracking.Not applicable /Not applicableURBAN13 - GainesvilleUrban Area Storm SewerGeodatabase /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLHUC 03080102 / OrangeCreek Basin /City of Gainesville /Alachua County,DOT, District 2(Gainesville CleanWater Partnership)$1,575,000 / Costs sharedby City of Gainesville,Alachua County, and DOTDistrict 2 over 7-yearperiod / OngoingGainesville Urban Area / Maintaincomprehensive geodatabase forCity of Gainesville and AlachuaCounty storm sewer system data,watershed boundaries, andhydrologic features in GainesvilleUrban Area. Coordinate with DOTfor data compatibility.Benefits:Provide location information ofstorm sewer infrastructure andallow for flow modeling and illicitdischarge tracking.Not applicable /Not applicableFINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200895TABLE10.7. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name /WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding/ Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / ProjectDescription and BenefitsTP and / or TNLoadingReduction (lbsper year)MSPERMIT04 - MarionCounty Clean WaterProgram- NPDES MS4Permit /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake / 2749 Marion CountyClean WaterProgram /$3,500,000 program annualbudget countywide / MarionCounty Clean WaterAssessment / ongoingMarion County, countywide / Publicoutreach and education programs,illicit discharge detection andelimination program, mapping andmodeling efforts, construction sitepollution prevention program, andmunicipal operations pollutionprevention program.Benefits:Remove illicit connections; BMPimplementation. Potential forreduction in loadings. Remove illicitconnections; BMP implementation.Potential for reduction in loadings.Unknown /UnknownMARION03 - StreetSweeping of MarionCounty RoadsAddresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake / 2749 Marion CountyClean WaterProgram /$133,000 per year (Countywide); $1,800 per year inOrange Creek Basin /Marion County CleanWater Assessment /ongoingMarion County portion of basin /Sweeping of Marion County–maintained roads in Orange CreekBasin. Benchmark frequency forsweeping of roads with curb andgutter is 8 times per year; roadswithout curb and gutter 4 times peryear; chip seal roads once peryear. Effectiveness to be evaluatedover 3-year period.Benefits:Remove debris, sediment, andpotential pollutantsfrom streets.Prevent entry into storm sewersystem.Unknown /UnknownTumblin CreekTUM02 - SW 11thAvenue Storm Sewer /Addresses Bacteria andNutrient TMDLTumblin Creek / 2718A City of Gainesville/ --$88,000 / City ofGainesville StormwaterManagement Utility Fee /1200 block SW 11th Avenue /Improvement to storm sewersystem. Stabilize creek outfall.Benefits:Reduce sediment load.Unknown /UnknownFINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200896TABLE10.8. CONSERVATIONLANDACQUISITION/BMPLANDACQUISITIONProject Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?WaterbodyName / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsAlachua Sink and Paynes PrairieAS07 - Bishop andHenderson /Addresses NutrientTMDLPaynes Prairie /2718; 2711ACEPD / -- $225,700 / Alachua CountyForever Bond proceeds /August 15, 2006Paynes Prairie / Land acquisition - Bishop and HendersonWilliston Road adjacent to Paynes Prairie.Benefits:Noincrease in surface runoff of pollutants due to land usechange, continued aquifer recharge and ecosystem/habitatpreservation; implement Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element - Alachua CountyForever Policy 6.2.1.SWT31 - SweetwaterPreserve /Addresses NutrientTMDLSweetwaterBranch; PaynesPrairie / 2711;2722ACEPD / FloridaCommunities Trust (FCT)$7,700,000 total cost /Alachua County ForeverBond proceeds; FCT costshare / March 24, 2006Paynes Prairie / Land acquisition - Sweetwater Preserve(north rim of Paynes Prairie).Benefits:No increase insurface runoff of pollutants due to land use change,continued aquifer recharge and ecosystem/habitatpreservation; implement Alachua County Comp PlanConservation and Open Space Element - Alachua CountyForever Policy 6.2.1.SWT33 - NW 2ndStreet LandAcquisitionSweetwaterBranch; PaynesPrairie / 2711;2722City of Gainesville / EPA $58,470 / EPA /July 10, 2006Upper Sweetwater Branch watershed / Land acquisition.Benefits:Future site of water quality improvement project.SWT34 - NW 14thAvenue LandAcquisitionSweetwaterBranch; PaynesPrairie / 2711;2722City of Gainesville / EPA $57,600 / EPA /June 28, 2004Upper Sweetwater Branch watershed / Land acquisition.Benefits:Future site of water quality improvement project.SWT35 - SE 19thStreet, RosewoodTrash Trap LandAcquisitionSweetwaterBranch; PaynesPrairie / 2711;2722City of Gainesville / EPA $4,135 / EPA /February 29, 2004Upper Sweetwater Branch watershed / Land acquisition.Benefits:Future site of water quality improvement project.Newnans LakeNEW02 - NewnansLake ConservationArea /Addresses NutrientTMDLNewnans Lake;Hatchet Creek /2705B; 2688SJRWMD / -- $5,727,400; $3,000,000planned /Preservation 2000 / 2001Alachua County; land around north and east side ofNewnans Lake / Purchase of lands near and aroundNewnans Lake for conservation and public use.Benefits:No increase in surface runoff of pollutants due to land usechange.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200897TABLE10.8. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?WaterbodyName / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsNEW06 - NewnansLake Addition /Addresses NutrientTMDLHatchet Creek;Newnans Lake;Little HatchetCreek / 2688;2695; 2705BACEPD / SJRWMD;U.S. Dept. of the InteriorFederal Forest LegacyProgram (FFLP)$3,732,126 total cost /Alachua County ForeverBond proceeds($1,617,000) ; FFLP andSJRWMD cost-share forremainder / June 1, 2005Newnans Lake / Land acquisition - Newnans Lake AdditionBenefits:No increase in surface runoff of pollutants due toland use change, continued aquifer recharge andecosystem/habitat preservation; implement Alachua CountyComp Plan Conservation and Open Space Element -Alachua County Forever Policy 6.2.1.NEW07 - Wainberg /Addresses NutrientTMDLNewnans Lake /2705BACEPD / -- $175,000 / Alachua CountyForever Bond proceeds /March 29, 2007Newnans Lake / Land acquisition - Wainberg (west sideNewnans Lake).Benefits:No increase in surface runoff ofpollutants due to land use change, continued aquiferrecharge and ecosystem/habitat preservation; implementAlachua County Comp Plan Conservation and Open SpaceElement - Alachua County Forever Policy 6.2.1.NEW16 - DuvalNeighborhoodStormwater Park LandAcquisitionNewnans Lake;Lake ForestCreek / 2705BCity of Gainesville /Florida CommunitiesTrust$238,291 total cost;$140,412 FCT; $97,879Community DevelopmentBlock GrantLand acquisition for subregional stormwater basin in naturepark setting.Benefits:Future stormwater basin will reducepollutant load to Newnans Lake. Remainder of site willsupport ecosystem/habitat preservation, passive recreation,and environmental education.Orange Lake and Lochloosa LakeLOCH06 - PhiferFlatwoods /Addresses NutrientTMDLLittle LochloosaCreek / 2705;2693ACEPD / AlachuaConservation Trust (ACT)$2,882,239 total cost /Alachua County ForeverBond proceeds /February 10, 2006Alachua County / Land acquisition - Phifer Flatwoods.Benefits:No increase in surface runoff of pollutants due toland use change, continued aquifer recharge andecosystem/habitat preservation; implement Alachua CountyComp Plan Conservation and Open Space Element -Alachua County Forever Policy 6.2.1.OR02 - LongleafFlatwoods Preserve /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake /2749ACEPD / SJRWMD $2,259,654 / AlachuaCounty Forever Bondproceeds; SJRWMD costshare / August 28, 2003Alachua County / Land acquisition - Longleaf FlatwoodsPreserve.Benefits:No increase in surface runoff ofpollutants due to land use change, continued aquiferrecharge and ecosystem/habitat preservation; implementAlachua County Comp Plan Conservation and Open SpaceElement - Alachua County Forever Policy 6.2.1.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200898TABLE10.8. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?WaterbodyName / WBIDLead Entity / ProjectPartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsOR03 - LochloosaWildlife ConservationArea /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake;Cross Creek;Lochloosa Lake /2754; 2738A;2749SJRWMD /Alachua County$16,058,211 / SJRWMD advalorem; Preservation 2000;Alachua County cost-share /2003Alachua County; land around Lochloosa Lake and aroundnorth side of Orange Lake / Land acquisition for LochloosaWildlife Conservation Area.Benefits:No increase insurface runoff of pollutants due to land use change.OR08 - Freddy WoodTract /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake /2749; 2749AACEPD / U.S. Dept. ofAgriculture Farm & RanchLand Protection Program(FRLPP)Not available / AlachuaCounty Forever Bondproceeds; FRLPPcost-share / OngoingOrange Lake / Land acquisition - Freddy Wood Tract.Benefits:No increase in surface runoff of pollutants due toland use change, continued aquifer recharge andecosystem/habitat preservation; implement Alachua CountyComp Plan Conservation and Open Space Element -Alachua County Forever Policy 6.2.1.OR09 - Rayonier Tract(River Styx wetland) /Addresses NutrientTMDLOrange Lake /2733; 2744;2734ACEPD / SJRWMD Not available / AlachuaCounty Forever Bondproceeds / OngoingRiver Styx / Land acquisition -Rayonier Tract River Styx.Benefits:No increase in surface runoff of pollutants due toland use change, continued aquifer recharge andecosystem/habitat preservation; implement Alachua CountyComp Plan Conservation and Open Space Element -Alachua County Forever Policy 6.2.1.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 200899TABLE10.9. WASTEWATERINFRASTRUCTUREMANAGEMENT,MAINTENANCE,REPAIR,ANDUPGRADEProject Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsOrange Creek Basin within GRU Service AreaURBAN12 - SanitarySewer SystemGeodatabase /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLHUC 03080102 /Orange CreekBasin /GRU / -- Part of Water/WastewaterEngineering Operations andMaintenance (O&M) Budget /Part of Water/WastewaterEngineering O&M Budget /OngoingGainesville and environs (GRU Service Area) / Maintaincomprehensive geodatabase for all GRU sanitary sewersystem data. This includes any geodata acquired fromstudies related to water quality, such as septic tank studiesand inflow and infiltration data.Benefits:Provide locationinformation of sewer infrastructure.Alachua SinkAS03 - Main StreetWater ReclamationFacility Reuse System/Addresses NutrientTMDLAlachua Sink /2720AGRU / SJRWMD $587,288 / $100,000 SJRWMD;$487,288 GRU ratepayers /2002Main Street to Depot Avenue within boundaries of City ofGainesville / Design and construction of 4,910-foot, 24-inchreclaimed water main from Main Street WRF to DepotAvenue. NPDES permit for domestic wastewaterdischarge.Benefits:Wastewater reuse will removenutrient loading from Alachua Sink.AS10 - Main StreetWater ReclamationFacility Future WaterReuse /Addresses NutrientTMDLAlachua Sink /2720AGRU / -- $1.548 million for completion ofproject, $674,000 FY 2007/GRU ratepayers / 2007City of Gainesville / Design, permitting, and construction ofupgrades for delivering public access to reclaimed waterfrom Main Street WRF. Includes installation of newreclaimed water pump and high-level disinfection system.Benefits:Wastewater reuse will remove nutrient loadingfrom Alachua Sink.NUTRIENT02 - MainStreet WaterReclamation FacilitiesAnnual Operation andMaintenance /Addresses NutrientTMDLSweetwaterBranch; AlachuaSink / 2720A; 2711GRU / -- $14.987 million FY 2002–06,about $3 million/yr (includescost of Kanapaha WRF); $4.972million FY 2007 /GRU ratepayers / OngoingCity of Gainesville / Alachua County / Maintenance to keepboth water reclamation facilities in compliance with existingNPDES permit requirements. NPDES permit for domesticwastewater discharge.Benefits:Maintain compliance withNPDES permit.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008100TABLE10.9. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsUrban Creeks: Hogtown, Sweetwater, TumblinBACTERIA07 - Inflowand Infiltration Project -Phases I, II and III /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $2.372 million, FY 2002–07,about $474,000 /yr;$67,523 FY 2007 /GRU ratepayers / OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Inflow and InfiltrationProject - Phases I, II, and III comprise intensive wastewatercollection system integritytesting that utilizes smoketesting, dye testing, closed-circuit TV camera, and visualinspection to identify pipes with inflow and infiltrationproblems. Inspection followed by remedial repair of systemdefects. Phase III concentrated on covering all of GRUwastewater service area in Hogtown Creek, TumblinCreek, and Sweetwater Branch watersheds. Minimizespossibility of wastewater releases.Benefits:Though noassociation between background fecal coliform levels andGRU's wastewater collection system has been established,decreased probability of any contribution to fecalbackground levels is benefit of this project. ***Separationof project areas and benefits notfeasible due to complexityand extent of GRU wastewater collection system servicearea projects.BACTERIA08 -Sliplining Projects /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLTumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $4.7 million FY 1998–2006,about $522,000 / yr;$203,922 FY 2007 /GRU ratepayers / OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Trenchless restorationof City of Gainesville's wastewater collection systemthrough sliplining. Though sliplining has been performedall over Gainesville wastewater service area, major part ofwork was performed in Tumblin Creek, SweetwaterBranch, and Hogtown Creek watersheds (>$1 million).Sliplining minimizes possibility of wastewater releases tocreek.Benefits:Though no association betweenbackground fecal coliform levels and GRU's WastewaterCollection System has been established, decreasedprobability of any contribution to fecal background levels isbenefit of this project. ***Separation of project areas andbenefits not feasible due tocomplexity and extent of GRUwastewater collection system service area.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008101TABLE10.9. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsBACTERIA09 - GRULift Station AnnualOperation andMaintenance /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $1.236 million FY 2002–07,about $247,000/yr;$435,811 FY 2007 /GRU ratepayers / OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Maintenance of City ofGainesville's wastewater collection system to maintainsystem integrity of lift stations. Includes control cabinetreplacements, wetwell coating, pump replacements,generators, odor control,soft start replacements, andoverall lift station upgrades.Benefits:Though noassociation between background fecal coliform levels andGRU's Wastewater Collection System has beenestablished, decreased probability of any contribution tofecal background levels is benefit of this project.***Separation of project areasand benefits not feasible dueto complexity and extent of GRU WW collection systemservice area projects.BACTERIA10 - GRUWastewater SystemCapital Projects /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $52.542 million FY 2002–06,about $10.508 million/yr;$7.919 million FY 2007/ GRU ratepayers /GRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Capital improvementsto City of Gainesville wastewater treatment and collectionsystem. Includes all capital projects. Projects may includeupgrades to force mains and gravity mains withrehabilitation and restoration force main rerouting,collection system integrity testing, ARV replacement,sliplining, lift station abandonment, manhole replacement,service lateral cleanout, and miscellaneous repair,wastewater treatment facility upgrades and expansion.Benefits:Though no association between backgroundfecal coliform levels and GRU's Wastewater CollectionSystem has been established, decreased probability of anycontribution to fecal background levels is benefit of thisproject. ***Separation of project areas and benefits notfeasible due to complexity and extent of GRU WWcollection system service area projects.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008102TABLE10.9. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsBACTERIA11 - GRUWastewater CollectionSystem AnnualRehabilitation andReplacement /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $14.129 million FY 2002–06,about 2.826 million/yr;$906,043 FY 2007 /GRU ratepayers / OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Rehabilitation andreplacement of City of Gainesville's wastewater collectionsystem to maintain system integrity. Minimizes possibilityof wastewater release. Includes rehabilitation and upgradeof existing force mains and gravity mains.Benefits:Though no association between background fecal coliformlevels and GRU's Wastewater Collection System has beenestablished, decreased probability of any contribution tofecal background levels is benefit of this project.***Separation of project areasand benefits not feasible dueto complexity and extent of GRU WW collection systemservice area projects.BACTERIA12 - GRULift StationRehabilitation andReplacement /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $4.29 million FY 2002–06, about$878,000/yr; $567,971FY 2007 / GRU ratepayers /OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Rehabilitation andreplacement of City of Gainesville's wastewater collectionsystem to maintain systemintegrity. Helps minimizepossibility of wastewater release. Includes GRU LiftStation Rehabilitation and Replacement; Upgrades;Abandonment plus extension.Benefits:Though noassociation between background fecal coliform levels andGRU's Wastewater Collection System has beenestablished, decreased probability of any contribution tofecal background levels is benefit of this project.***Separation of project areasand benefits not feasible dueto complexity and extent of GRU WW collection systemservice area projects.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008103TABLE10.9. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsBACTERIA13 - GRUWastewater CollectionSystem AnnualOperation andMaintenance /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; HogtownCreek / 2718A;2711; 2698GRU / -- $8.874 million FY 2002–06,about $1.775 million/yr;$1.819 million FY 2007 / GRUratepayers / OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / GRU WastewaterCollection System Annual Operation and Maintenance tomaintain system integrity. Minimizes possibility ofwastewater release. Includesrehabilitation and upgrade ofexisting force mains and gravity mains.Benefits:Thoughno association between background fecal coliform levelsand GRU's Wastewater Collection System has beenestablished, decreased probability of any contribution tofecal background levels is benefit of this project.***Separation of project areasand benefits not feasible dueto complexity and extent of GRU WW collection systemservice area projects.BACTERIA14 -Water/WastewaterEngineering Dept.Annual Operation andMaintenance Services /Addresses Bacteriaand Nutrient TMDLHogtown Creek;Tumblin Creek;SweetwaterBranch; AlachuaSink / 2698; 2711;2718A; 2720AGRU / $2.737 million FY 2002–06,about $547,000/yr;$649,999 FY 2007 / GRUratepayers / OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Water/wastewaterEngineering Dept. executes five-year scheduling systemfor initiating and administrating wastewater capital projects.Projects are timed and prioritized to ensure that facilitiesare available in timely manner to meet demands as neededto correct existing flow deficiencies, meet existing andfuture demands, maintain or improve system reliability andmaintainability, minimize contamination potential, andcomply with Florida Statutes, including concurrencerequirements.Benefits:Though no association betweenbackground fecal coliform levels and GRU's WastewaterCollection System has been established, decreasedprobability of any contribution to fecal background levels isbenefit of this project.FINAL Orange Creek Basin Adoptable BMAP—April 24 2008104TABLE10.9. (CONTINUED)Project Number -Project Name / WhichType of TMDL isAddressed?Waterbody Name/ WBIDLead Entity /Project PartnersCost / Source of Funding /Completion or ExpectedCompletion DateGeneral Location / Project Description and BenefitsBACTERIA15 - GRUWastewater CollectionSystem Annual ServiceLateral Rehabilitationand Replacement /Addresses BacteriaTMDLHogtown Creek;SweetwaterBranch; TumblinCreek / 2698;2711; 2718AGRU / -- $1.765 million FY 2002-6,about $353,000/yr;$414,653 295,000 FY 2007 /GRU ratepayers / OngoingGRU WW Collection System Service Area (115 squaremiles) / Urban Creek Watersheds / Rehabilitation andreplacement of City of Gainesville's wastewater collectionsystem to maintain system integrity, specifically servicelaterals and cleanouts.Benefits:Though no associationbetween background fecal coliform levels and GRU'sWastewater Collection System has been established,decreased probability of any contribution to fecalbackground levels is benefit of this project. ***Separationof project areas and benefits notfeasible due to complexityand extent of GRU WW collection system service areaprojects.TUM22 - TumblinCreek PedestalRemoval /Addresses BacteriaTMDLTumblin Creek /2718AGRU / -- $80,000 / GRU ratepayers / -- TumblinCreek / Removal of abandoned wastewatercollection pipe pedestal in Tumblin Creek to reduce bankand bed scour.Benefits:Removal of structure helps tocontrol scouring of bank and bed. Reduces suspendedsolids in water column.

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# 11.0 References

Alachua County Environmental Protection Department. January 2004. Gainesville creeks: Storm event monitoring data 2003. Prepared for St. Johns River Water Management
District, Palatka, Florida.

Alachua County Environmental Protection Department. June 2007. Gainesville creeks—A status report on baseflow water quality, stormwater and ecosystem health for the Orange

Creek Basin. Prepared for St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, Florida.

Burger, C., and W. Magley. September 19, 2003. Total Maximum Daily Load for fecal coliform bacteria for Sweetwater Branch, Alachua County, Florida, WBID 2711. Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assessment Section, Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

CH2MHill. 1985. Tumblin Creek stormwater quality evaluation. James E. Scholl, P.E. Gainesville, Florida: CH2MHill.

Gao, X., and D. Gilbert. September 19, 2003. Nutrient Total Maximum Daily Load for Orange Lake, Alachua County, Florida . Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assessment Section, Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Gao, X., D. Gilbert, and W. Magley. January 23, 2006. Nutrient TMDL for Alachua Sink, WBID

2720A. Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assess ment Section, Florida Department of

Environmental Protection.

Gao, X., and D. Gilbert. September 22, 2003. Final Nutrient Total Maximum Daily Load for Newnans Lake, Alachua County, Florida. Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assessment Section, Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Lassiter, A., A. Schwartz, and W. Magley. September 16, 2003. Total Maximum Daily Load for iron for Hatchet Creek, Alachua County, Florida, WBID 2688. Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assessment Section, Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Opper, S.C. 1982. The hydrogeology of Lake Wauberg and vicinity, Alachua County, Florida. Master’s thesis, University of Florida.

Orange Creek Basin Working Group and Florida Department of Environmental Protection. 2008. Supporting Document for the 2007 Orange Creek Basin Management Action Plan. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, Florida.

Robison, C.P. 1992. An analysis of the Camps Canal Diversion. Palatka, Florida: St. Johns River Water Management District.

Shelley, Z., and W. Magley. September 19, 2003. Total Maximum Daily Load for fecal coliform bacteria for Hogtown Creek, Alachua County, Florida, WBID 2698. Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assessment Section, Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Shelly, Z., and W. Magley. September 19, 2003. Total Maximum Daily Loads for total and fecal coliform bacteria for Tumblin Creek, Alachua County, Florida, WBID 2718A. Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assessment Section, Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Weimer, J. 2006. Personal Communication. Park Biologist. Florida State Park Services, Paynes Prairie Preserve State Park.

Wu, T.S., A. Baniukiewicz, and D.K. Gilbert. September 19, 2003. Nutrient Total Maximum Daily Load for Lake Wauberg Outlet, Alachua County, Florida. Tallahassee, Florida: Watershed Assessment Section, Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

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# APPENDIX A. GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Antibiotic resistance analysis (ARA): A type of microbial source tracking in which fecal samples from known sources—such as humans, pets, livestock, and wildlife—are tested for

antibiotic resistance.

Atmospheric deposition: Pollutants from a variety of sources that settle out of air by gravity or are deposited onto land or into lakes, rivers, and other waterbodies by wind and rain.

Background : The condition of waters in the absence of human-induced alterations.

Baffle box: An underground stormwater management device that uses barriers (or baffles) to slow the flow of untreated stormwater, allowing particulates to settle out in the box before

the stormwater is released into the environment.

Baseflow: The portion of a river or stream’s flow that comes from ground water.



## Baseline period: A period of time used as a basis for later comparison.

Baseline loading: The quantity of pollutants in a waterbody, used as a basis for later comparison.

Basin management action plan (BMAP): The document that describes how a specific TMDL will be implemented; the plan describes the specific load and wasteload allocations as well as the stakeholder efforts that will be undertaken to achieve an adopted TMDL.

Best management practices (BMPs): Methods that have been determined to be the most effective, practical means of preventing or reducing pollution from nonpoint sources.

Biological oxygen demand (BOD): The amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) used by aquatic microorganisms. 2



## Continuous deflective separation (CDS) unit: A patented stormwater management device

that uses the available energy of the storm flow to create a vortex to separate solids from fluids. Pollutants are captured inside the separation chamber, while the water passes out through the separation screen.

Designated use: Uses specified in water quality standards for each waterbody or waterbody segment (such as drinking water, swimming, or fishing).

Detention pond: A stormwater system that delays t he downstream progress of stormwater runoff in a controlled manner, typically by using temporary storage areas and a metered

outlet device.

2 Microorganisms such as bacteria are res ponsible for decomposing organic waste. When organic matter such as dead plants, leaves, grass clippings, manure, sewage, or even food waste is present in a water s upply, bacteria begin the process of breakin g down the waste. When this happens, aerobic bacteria consume much of the available DO, robbing other aquatic organisms of the oxygen they need to live. BOD is a measur e of the oxygen used by microorganisms to dec ompose this waste. If there is a large quantity of organic waste in the water supply, a lot of bacteria w ill be present working to decompose this waste. In this case , the demand for oxygen will be high (due to all the bacteria); consequently, the BOD level will be high. As the waste is consumed o r dispersed through the water, BO D levels will begin to decline.

Nitrates and phosphates in a body of water can contribute to high BOD levels. Nitrates and phosphates are plant nutrients and can cause plant life and algae to grow quickly. W hen plants grow quickly, they also die qui ckly. This contributes to the organic waste in the water, which is then decomposed by bacteri a, resulting in a high BOD level. When BO D levels are high, DO levels decrease,

because bacteria are consumi ng the oxygen that is available in the water. Si nce less DO is available in the water, fish and ot her aquatic organisms may not survive.

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## Dissolved oxygen (DO): The amount of oxygen gas dissolved in a given volume of water at a particular temperature and pressure, often expressed as a concentration in parts of oxygen per million parts of water.

Effluent: Wastewater that flows into a receiving stream by way of a domestic or industrial discharge point.

Emergent: Emerging to the surface of a waterbody.

Exfiltration: The loss of water from a drainage system as the result of percolation or absorption into the surrounding soil.

External loading: Pollutants originating from outside a waterbody that contribute to its pollutant

load.

Geodatabase: A database used to store and manipulate geographic information and spatial

data.

Hydrodynamic separator: Any device used to slow the flow of untreated stormwater, allowing particulates to settle out before the stormwater is released into the environment. Baffle box and CDS devices described above are some examples.

Hypereutrophic: The accelerated aging and filling in of a waterbody, caused by increased levels of nutrients that result in frequent and severe algal blooms and low transparency.

Impairment: The condition of a waterbody that does not achieve water quality standards (designated use) due to pollutants or an unknown cause.

Infiltration & Inflow (I&I): Stormwater or ground water that enters municipal wastewater systems through cracked pipes, leaking manholes, residential sump pumps, downspouts,

and other sources.

Internal recycling: The process through which nitrogen and phosphorus are returned to the water column from decomposing organic matter in sediments.

Littoral: The banks of a river, lake, or estuary.

Loading: The total quantity of pollutants in stormwater runoff that contributes to water quality.

Load Allocations (LAs): The portions of a receiving water's loading capacity that are allocated to one of its existing or future nonpoint sources of pollution.

Low-impact Development (LID): An approach to land development that uses various land planning and design practices and technologies to simultaneously conserve and protect natural resource systems and reduce infrastructu re costs. LID facilitates land development in a cost-effective manner that helps mitigate potential environmental impacts.

Macrophyte: Rooted and floating aquatic plants that are large enough to be perceived or examined by the unaided eye.

Margin of safety (MOS): An explicit or implicit assumption used in the calculation of a TMDL that takes into account any lack of knowledge concerning the relationship between effluent limitations and water quality. An explicit MOS is typically a percentage of the assimilativecapacity or some other specific amount of pollutant loading (e.g., the loading from an out-ofstate source). Most DEP-adopted TMDLs include an implicit MOS based on the fact that the predictive model runs incorporate a variety of conservative assumptions (they examine worst-case ambient flow conditions, worst-case temperature, and assume that all permitted point sources discharge at their maximum permittable amount).

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## Mass balance calculation: The quantification of the amount of material going into and out of a process; the difference between the two is assumed to be discharged to the environment.

Microbial source tracking (MST): Also called bacterial source tracking, MST is a group of scientific methods used for determining the source of fecal contamination (i.e., human, wildlife, agricultural, or pet wastes).

Municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4): A publicly owned conveyance or system of conveyances (i.e., ditches, curbs, catch basins, underground pipes, etc.) that is designed or used for collecting or conveying stormwater and that discharges to surface waters of the state. An MS4 can be operated by municipalities, counties, drainage districts, colleges, military bases, or prisons, to name a few examples.

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES): The permitting process by which technology-based and water quality–based controls are implemented.

Nonpoint source (NPS): Diffuse runoff without a single point of origin that flows over the surface of the ground by stormwater and is then introduced to surface or ground water. NPSs include atmospheric deposition and runoff or leaching from agricultural lands, urban areas, unvegetated lands, on-site sewage treatment and disposal systems, and

construction sites.

Notice of intent (NOI): A formal notice of an action to be taken, usually the filing of a permit.

On-site sewage treatment and disposal system (OSTDS): A septic system.

Optical brightener: A dye that absorbs light in the ultraviolet and violet region of the electromagnetic spectrum and increases the amount of reflected light. These additives are used n detergents to brighten white clothing. When released into water, they can be traced and used as an indicator of wastewater releases, provided the wastewater contains laundry discharges.

Outfall: The place where a sewer, drain, or stream discharges.

Particulate: A minute separate particle, as of a granular substance or powder.

Phytoplankton: Single-celled aquatic algae.

Pollutant load reduction goals (PLRGs): PLRGs are defined as estimated numeric reductions in pollutant loadings needed to preserve or restore the designated uses of receiving bodies of water and maintain water quality consistent with applicable state water quality standards. PLRGs are developed by the water management districts.

Point source: An identifiable and confined discharge point for one or more water pollutants, such as a pipe, channel, vessel, or ditch.

Pollutant : Generally any substance, such as a c hemical or waste product, introduced into the environment that adversely affects the usefulness of a resource.

Pollution : An undesirable change in the physical, chemical , or biological characteristics of air, water, soil, or food that can adversely affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms.

Retention pond: A stormwater management structure whose primary purpose is to permanently store a given volume of stormwater runoff, releasing it by infiltration and /or evaporation.

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## Reuse: The deliberate application of reclaimed water for a beneficial purpose. Criteria used to classify projects as “reuse” or “effluent disposal” are contained in Section 62-610.810,

F.A.C.

Quality assurance (QA): An integrated system of management activities involving planning, implementation, documentation, assessment, reporting, and quality improvement to ensure that a process, product, or service meets defined standards of quality.

Ribotyping: DNA analysis used to determine the probable source of E. coli or other bacterial

contamination.

Septic tank: A watertight receptacle constructed to promote the separation of solid and liquid components of wastewater, to provide the limited digestion of organic matter, to store solids, and to allow clarified liquid to discharge for further treatment and disposal in a soil absorption system.

Silviculture: The science of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health, and quality of forests to meet diverse needs and values of landowners and society on a

sustainable basis.

Stormceptor: A type of hydrodynamic separator manufactured by the Stormceptor Corporation.

Stormwater: Water that results from a rainfall event.

Stormwater runoff: The portion of rainfall that hits the ground and is not evaporated, percolated or transpired into vegetation, but rather flows over the ground surface seeking a receiving waterbody.

Submersed: Growing or remaining under water.

Sub-basin: Hydrologic units in a watershed that function as a miniwatershed, the boundaries of which are defined by topography and drainage patterns.

Surface Water Improvement and Management (SWIM) Waterbody: A waterbody designated by statute or by a water management distri ct for priority management to restore and maintain water quality, habitat, and other natural features.

Tertiary treatment: The final stage of wastewater treatment to improve effluent quality before it is discharged to the environment.

Total maximum daily loads (TMDLs): The sum of the individual wasteload allocations for point sources and the load allocations for nonpoint sources and natural background. Before determining individual wasteload allocations and load allocations, the maximum amount of a pollutant that a waterbody or waterbody s egment can assimilate from all sources while still maintaining its designated use must first be calculated. TMDLs are based on the relationship between pollutants and in-stream water quality conditions.

Total nitrogen (TN): TN is the combined measurement of nitrogen in nitrate (NO 3 

## ), nitrite (NO 2 

## ), ammonia, and organic compounds found in water, measured in milligrams per liter. Nitrogen compounds function as important nut rients to many aquatic organisms and are essential to the chemical processes that occur between land, air, and water. The most readily bioavailable forms of nitrogen are ammonia and nitrate. These compounds, in conjunction with other nutrients, serve as an important base for primary productivity.

Total phosphorus (TP): TP is the combined measurement of phosphorus as phosphate (PO 4 

## ) and organic compounds found in water, measured in milligrams per liter. It is one of the primary nutrients regulating algal and macrophyte growth in natural waters, particularly in

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## fresh water. While it is essential to the growth of plants and other organisms in aquatic systems, excessive amounts increase the rate of plant growth and cause accelerated eutrophication and algal blooms. Phosphorus is a limiting nutrient in many ecosystems, meaning that its availability controls the growth rate of plants and other organisms. Phosphate, the form in which almost all inorganic TP is found in the water column, can enter the aquatic environment in a number of ways. Natural processes transport phosphate to water through atmospheric deposition, ground water percolation, and terrestrial runoff. Municipal treatment plants, industries, agricultu re, and domestic activities also contribute to phosphate loading through direct discharge and natural transport mechanisms. The very high levels of TP in some of Florida’s streams and estuaries are usually caused by phosphate-mining and fertilizer-processing activities.

Total suspended solids (TSS): The measurement of TSS consists of determining the dry weight of particulates in the water column. Both organic and inorganic materials contribute

to TSS in water.

Trophic State Index (TSI) : The TSI measures the potential for algal or aquatic weed growth, and is used to indicate the water quality of lakes and estuaries. Its components include TN, TP, and chlorophyll.

Turbidity: The presence of suspended material such as clay, silt, finely divided organic material, plankton, and other inorganic material in the water.

Vortech: A type of hydrodynamic separator manuf actured by the Vortechnics Company.

Wasteload allocations (WLAs): Pollutant loads allotted to existing and future point sources, such as discharges from industry and sewage facilities.

Wastewater: The combination of liquid and pollutants from residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, and institutions, together with any ground water, surface runoff, or leachate that may be present.

Waterbody identification (WBID) numbers: WBIDs are numbers assigned to hydrologically based drainage areas in a river basin.

Water column: The water in a waterbody between the surface and sediments.

Water quality standards: (1) Standards comprising designated most beneficial uses (classification of water), the numeric and narrative criteria applied to the specific water use or classification, the Florida Anti-degradat ion Policy, and the moderating provisions contained in Rules 62-302 and 62-4, F.A.C. (2) State-adopted and EPA-approved ambient standards for waterbodies. The standards prescribe the use of the waterbody (e.g., drinking, fishing and swimming, and shellfish harvesting) and establish the water quality criteria that must be met to protect designated uses.

Watershed: A topographic area that contributes or may contribute runoff to specific surface waters or an area of recharge.

Watershed management approach: The process of addressing water quality concerns within their natural boundaries, rather than political or regulatory boundaries. The process draws together all the participants and stakeholders in each basin to decide what problems affect water quality in the basin, which are most important, and how they will be addressed.