Chocolate and Confectionery

Manufacturing From

Cacao Beans

1997 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Industry Series

1997

Issued November 1999

EC97M-3113D

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
The staff of the Manufacturing and Construction Division prepared this report.

Judy M. Dodds, Assistant Chief for Census and Related Programs, was responsible for the overall planning, management, and coordination. Kenneth

Hansen, Chief, Manufactured Durables

Branch, assisted by Mike Brown, Renee

Coley, Raphael Corrado, and Milbren

Thomas, Section Chiefs, Michael Zampogna, Former Chief, Manufactured Nondurables Branch, assisted by Allen Foreman, Robert Miller, Robert Reinard,

and Nat Shelton, Section Chiefs, and Tom

Lee, Robert Rosati, and Tom Flood,

Special Assistants, performed the planning

and implementation. Stephanie Angel,

Brian Appert, Stanis Batton, Carol Beasley, Chris Blackburn, Larry Blumberg, Vera Harris-Bourne, Brenda

Campbell, Suzanne Conard, Vance

Davis, Mary Ellickson, Matt Gaines,

Merry Glascoe, Kay Hanks, Karen

Harshbarger, Nancy Higgins, James

Hinckley, Walter Hunter, Jim Jamski,

Evelyn Jordan, Robert Lee, John Linehan, Paul Marck, Keith McKenzie,

Philippe Morris, Joanna Nguyen, Betty

Pannell, Joyce Pomeroy, Venita Powell,

Cynthia Ramsey, Chris Savage,

Aronda Stovall, Sue Sundermann, Thanos Theodoropoulos, Dora Thomas,

Ann Truffa, Ronanne Vinson, Keeley

Voor, Denneth Wallace, Tempie Whittington, Lissene Witt, and Mike

Yamaner provided primary staff assistance.

Brian Greenberg, Assistant Chief for

Research and Methodology Programs,

assisted by Stacey Cole, Chief, Manufacturing Programs Methodology Branch, and

Robert Struble, Section Chief, provided

the mathematical and statistical techniques as well as the coverage operations.

Jeffrey Dalzell and Cathy Ritenour provided primary staff assistance.

Mendel D. Gayle, Chief, Forms, Publications, and Customer Services Branch,

assisted by Julius Smith Jr. and Baruti

Taylor, Section Chiefs, performed overall

coordination of the publication process.

Kim Credito, Patrick Duck, Chip

Murph, Wanda Sledd, and Veronica

White provided primary staff assistance.

The Economic Planning and Coordination

Division, Lawrence A. Blum, Assistant

Chief for Collection Activities and Shirin

A. Ahmed, Assistant Chief for PostCollection Processing, assisted by Dennis

Shoemaker, Chief, Post-Collection Census

Processing Branch, Brandy Yarbrough,

Section Chief, Sheila Proudfoot, Richard

Williamson, Andrew W. Hait, and Jennifer E. Lins, was responsible for developing the systems and procedures for data

collection, editing, review, correction and

dissemination

The staff of the National Processing Center,

Judith N. Petty, Chief, performed mailout

preparation and receipt operations, clerical

and analytical review activities, data keying, and geocoding review.

The Geography Division staff developed

geographic coding procedures and associated computer programs.

The Economic Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Charles P. Pautler

Jr., Chief, developed and coordinated the

computer processing systems. Martin S.

Harahush, Assistant Chief for Quinquennial Programs, assisted by Barbara Lambert and Christina Arledge were responsible for design and implementation of the

computer systems. Gary T. Sheridan,

Chief, Manufacturing and Construction

Branch, Lori A. Guido and Roy A. Smith,

Section Chiefs, supervised the preparation

of the computer programs.

Computer Services Division, Debra Williams, Chief, performed the computer processing.

The staff of the Administrative and Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom,

Chief, performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurement for publications,

Internet products, and report forms.

Cynthia G. Brooks provided publication

coordination and editing.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chocolate and Confectionery

Manufacturing From

Cacao Beans

1997 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Industry Series

1997

Issued November 1999

EC97M-3113D

U.S. Department of Commerce

William M. Daley,

Secretary

Robert L. Mallett,

Deputy Secretary

Economics

and Statistics

Administration

Robert J. Shapiro,

Under Secretary for

Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Kenneth Prewitt,

Director
Paula J. Schneider,

Principal Associate Director

for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker,

Associate Director

for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg,

Assistant Director

for Economic Programs

William G. Bostic Jr.,

Chief, Manufacturing

and Construction Division

ECONOMICS

AND STATISTICS

ADMINISTRATION

Economics

and Statistics

Administration

Robert J. Shapiro,

Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Kenneth Prewitt,

Director

William G. Barron,

Deputy Director
 CONTENTS

Introduction to the Economic Census 1 .............................

Manufacturing 5 .................................................

TABLES

1. Industry Statistics on NAICS Basis With Distribution Among

1987 SIC~Based Industries: 1997 7 .........................

2. Industry Statistics for Selected States: 1997 7 .................

3. Detailed Statistics by Industry: 1997 8 ........................

4. Industry Statistics by Employment Size: 1997 9 ................

5. Industry Statistics by Industry and Primary Product Class

Specialization: 1997 9 .....................................

6a. Products Statistics: 1997 and 1992 10 .........................

6b. Product Class Shipments for Selected States: 1997 and 1992 11 .

7. Materials Consumed by Kind: 1997 and 1992 11 ................

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1 .....................................

B. NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions B–1 ......................

C. Coverage and Methodology C–1 ................................

D. Geographic Notes ........................................ ~~

E. Metropolitan Areas ....................................... ~~

F. Footnotes for Products Statistics and Materials Consumed by

Kind F–1 ...................................................

G. Comparability of Product Classes and Product Codes: 1997 to

1992 G–1 ...................................................

~~ Not applicable for this report.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 311320 iii

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Nov. 4, 1999
Introduction to the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about

the structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. It

provides essential information for government, business,

industry, and the general public. Title 13 of the United

States Code (Sections 131, 191, and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic census every 5 years,

covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The economic census furnishes an important part of the

framework for such composite measures as the gross

domestic product estimates, input/output measures, production and price indexes, and other statistical series that

measure short-term changes in economic conditions. Specific uses of economic census data include the following:

• Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government use

the data to monitor economic activity and assess the

effectiveness of policies.

• State and local governments use the data to assess

business activities and tax bases within their jurisdictions and to develop programs to attract business.

• Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries, which allows them to keep their members informed of market changes.

• Individual businesses use the data to locate potential

markets and to analyze their own production and sales

performance relative to industry or area averages.

ALL-NEW INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATIONS

Data from the 1997 Economic Census are published primarily on the basis of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), unlike earlier censuses, which

were published according to the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. NAICS is in the process of being

adopted in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Most

economic census reports cover one of the following NAICS

sectors:

21 Mining

22 Utilities

23 Construction

31-33 Manufacturing

42 Wholesale Trade

44-45 Retail Trade

48-49 Transportation and Warehousing

51 Information

52 Finance and Insurance

53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing

54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical

Services

55 Management of Companies and Enterprises

56 Administrative and Support and Waste

Management and Remediation Services

61 Educational Services

62 Health Care and Social Assistance

71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

72 Accommodation and Foodservices

81 Other Services (except Public Administration)

(Not listed above are the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and

Hunting sector (NAICS 11), partially covered by the census

of agriculture conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Public Administration sector (NAICS 92),

covered by the census of governments conducted by the

Census Bureau.)

The 20 NAICS sectors are subdivided into 96 subsectors

(three-digit codes), 313 industry groups (four-digit codes),

and, as implemented in the United States, 1170 industries

(five- and six-digit codes).

RELATIONSHIP TO SIC

While many of the individual NAICS industries correspond directly to industries as defined under the SIC system, most of the higher level groupings do not. Particular

care should be taken in comparing data for retail trade,

wholesale trade, and manufacturing, which are sector

titles used in both NAICS and SIC, but cover somewhat different groups of industries. The industry definitions discuss the relationships between NAICS and SIC industries.

Where changes are significant, it will not be possible to

construct time series that include data for points both

before and after 1997.

For 1997, data for auxiliary establishments (those functioning primarily to manage, service, or support the activities of their company’s operating establishments, such as

a central administrative office or warehouse) will not be

included in the sector-specific reports. These data will be

published separately.

GEOGRAPHIC AREA CODING

Accurate and complete information on the physical

location of each establishment is required to tabulate the

census data for the states, metropolitan areas (MAs), counties, parishes, and corporate municipalities including cities, towns, villages, and boroughs. Respondents were

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS INTRODUCTION 1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
required to report their physical location (street address,

municipality, county, and state) if it differed from their

mailing address. For establishments not surveyed by mail

(and those single-establishment companies that did not

provide acceptable information on physical location), location information from Internal Revenue Service tax forms

is used as a basis for coding.

BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census is conducted on an establishment

basis. A company operating at more than one location is

required to file a separate report for each store, factory,

shop, or other location. Each establishment is assigned a

separate industry classification based on its primary activity and not that of its parent company.

DOLLAR VALUES

All dollar values presented are expressed in current dollars; i.e., 1997 data are expressed in 1997 dollars, and

1992 data, in 1992 dollars. Consequently, when making

comparisons with prior years, users of the data should

consider the changes in prices that have occurred.

All dollar values are shown in thousands of dollars.

AVAILABILITY OF ADDITIONAL DATA

Reports in Print and Electronic Media

All results of the 1997 Economic Census are available

on the Census Bureau Internet site (www.census.gov) and

on compact discs (CD-ROM) for sale by the Census Bureau.

Unlike previous censuses, only selected highlights are

published in printed reports. For more information, including a description of electronic and printed reports being

issued, see the Internet site, or write to U.S. Census

Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300, or call Customer

Services at 301-457-4100.

Special Tabulations

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1997 Economic Census may be obtained, depending on availability

of time and personnel, in electronic or tabular form. The

data will be summaries subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of confidential information (including name,

address, kind of business, or other data for individual

business establishments or companies) that govern the

regular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A

request for a cost estimate, as well as exact specifications

on the type and format of the data to be provided, should

be directed to the Chief of the division named below, U.S.

Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300. To discuss a

special tabulation before submitting specifications, call

the appropriate division:

Manufacturing and Construction Division 301-457-4673

Service Sector Statistics Division 301-457-2668

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated

program at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for

1954, 1958, and 1963. Prior to that time, individual components of the economic census were taken separately at

varying intervals.

The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing were

included with those for population. Coverage of economic

activities was expanded for the 1840 Decennial Census

and subsequent censuses to include mining and some

commercial activities. The 1905 Manufactures Census was

the first time a census was taken apart from the regular

decennial population census. Censuses covering retail and

wholesale trade and construction industries were added in

1930, as were some covering service trades in 1933. Censuses of construction, manufacturing, and the other business service censuses were suspended during World War

II.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated: providing comparable census data across

economic sectors, using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. It

was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of

firms provided by the administrative records of other Federal agencies. Since 1963, administrative records also

have been used to provide basic statistics for very small

firms, reducing or eliminating the need to send them census questionnaires.

The range of industries covered in the economic censuses expanded between 1967 and 1992. The census of

construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967,

and the scope of service industries, introduced in 1933,

was broadened in 1967, 1977, and 1987. While a few

transportation industries were covered as early as 1963, it

was not until 1992 that the census broadened to include

all of transportation, communications, and utilities. Also

new for 1992 was coverage of financial, insurance, and

real estate industries. With these additions, the economic

census and the separate census of governments and census of agriculture collectively covered roughly 98 percent

of all economic activity.

Printed statistical reports from the 1992 and earlier

censuses provide historical figures for the study of longterm time series and are available in some large libraries.

All of the census reports printed since 1967 are still available for sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

CD-ROMs issued from the 1987 and 1992 Economic Censuses contain databases including nearly all data published in print, plus additional statistics, such as ZIP Code

statistics, published only on CD-ROM.

2 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publications for each of the

economic censuses and related surveys is published in the

Guide to the 1997 Economic Census and Related Statistics

at www.census.gov/econguide. More information on the

methodology, procedures, and history of the censuses will

be published in the History of the 1997 Economic Census

at www.census.gov/econ/www/history.html.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used with

the 1997 Economic Census data:

A Standard error of 100 percent or more.

D Withheld to avoid disclosing data of individual

companies; data are included in higher level

totals.

F Exceeds 100 percent because data include

establishments with payroll exceeding revenue.

N Not available or not comparable.

Q Revenue not collected at this level of detail for

multiestablishment firms.

S Withheld because estimates did not meet

publication standards.

V Represents less than 50 vehicles or .05

percent.

X Not applicable.

Y Disclosure withheld because of insufficient

coverage of merchandise lines.

Z Less than half the unit shown.

a 0 to 19 employees.

b 20 to 99 employees.

c 100 to 249 employees.

e 250 to 499 employees.

f 500 to 999 employees.

g 1,000 to 2,499 employees.

h 2,500 to 4,999 employees.

i 5,000 to 9,999 employees.

j 10,000 to 24,999 employees.

k 25,000 to 49,999 employees.

l 50,000 to 99,999 employees.

m 100,000 employees or more.

p 10 to 19 percent estimated.

q 20 to 29 percent estimated.

r Revised.

s Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.

nec Not elsewhere classified.

nsk Not specified by kind.

– Represents zero (page image/print only).

(CC) Consolidated city.

(IC) Independent city.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS INTRODUCTION 3

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
This page is intentionally blank.

4 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Manufacturing

SCOPE

The 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing covers all

manufacturing establishments with one or more paid

employees. Manufacturing is defined as the mechanical,

physical, or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products. The assembly of components

into new products is also considered manufacturing,

except when it is appropriately classified as construction.

Establishments in the manufacturing sector are often

described as plants, factories, or mills and typically use

power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment.

Also included in the manufacturing sector are some establishments that make products by hand, like custom tailors

and the makers of custom draperies. While manufacturers

typically do not sell to the public, some establishments

like bakeries and candy stores that make products on the

premises may be included.

While logging and publishing are no longer in the scope

of manufacturing, data for these industries are included in

the manufacturing industry reports, but are not included

in the manufacturing state, summary, and other reports.

GENERAL

This report, from the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing, is one of a series of 480 industry reports and 51

geographic area reports, each of which provides statistics

for individual industries or states, respectively. Seven of

the industry reports are for industries no longer in the

manufacturing sector but are included with manufacturing

for the 1997 census year. Also included for this sector are

General, Product, and Materials Consumed Summary

reports, a special report on Concentration Ratios in Manufacturing, and data files on Location of Manufacturing

Plants.

Each industry report presents data for a six-digit North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industry.

A description of the particular NAICS industry may be

found in Appendix B. These reports include such statistics

as number of establishments, employment, payroll, value

added by manufacture, cost of materials consumed, value

of shipments, capital expenditures, etc. Explanations of

these and other terms may be found in Appendix A. The

industry reports also include data for states with 100

employees or more in the industry.

State reports, which include the District of Columbia,

present similar statistics at the ‘‘all manufacturing’’ level

for each state and its metropolitan areas (MAs) with 250

employees or more, and for counties, consolidated cities,

and places with 500 employees or more. The state reports

also include six-digit NAICS level data for industries with

100 employees or more in the state.

The General Summary report contains industry and geographic area statistics summarized in one report. It

includes higher levels of aggregation than the industry

and state reports, as well as revisions to the data made

after the release of the industry and state reports.

The Products and Materials Consumed reports summarize the products and materials data published in the

industry reports. The Product Summary report also

includes data from the Current Industrial Reports (CIR) and

a special table with data for products that are primary to

more than one industry, which are not in the industry

reports.

The Concentration Ratios report publishes data on the

percentage of value of shipments accounted for by the 4-,

8-, 20-, and 50-largest companies for each manufacturing

industry. Also shown in this report are HirschmannHerfindahl Indexes for each industry.

The Location of Manufacturing data files contain statistics on the number of establishments for the three- and

six-digit NAICS industry by state, county, place, and ZIP

Code by employment-size of the establishment.

GEOGRAPHIC AREAS COVERED

Statistics at the six-digit NAICS industry level are shown

for states and the District of Columbia in both the state

and industry reports for cells with 100 employees or

more.

The state reports also include data at the ‘‘all manufacturing’’ level for a variety of geographies that meet the

employment criteria.

Data are available for the metropolitan areas (MAs) with

250 employees or more. The term MA is a general term

used to encompass all of the specifically defined metropolitan areas. A consolidated metropolitan statistical area

(CMSA) is made up of two or more contiguous primary

metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs) with a combined

population of at least 1 million. A PMSA is a subdivision of

a CMSA that demonstrates very strong internal economic

and social links separate from the ties to other portions of

the CMSA. A metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is an integrated economic and social unit with a population of at

least 50,000. An MA is made up of one or more counties

meeting standards of metropolitan character. In New

England, cities and towns, rather than counties, are the

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS MANUFACTURING 5

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
component geographic units. Determination of the MAs

was made by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

as of June 30, 1997. The population estimates were from

the 1990 Census of Population or a subsequent special

census. When applicable, the make-up of an MA is

included in Appendix E. Changes to geographical boundaries are noted in Appendix D.

The state reports include data for counties with 500

employees or more. These are the primary divisions of

states, except in Louisiana where they are called parishes

and in Alaska where they are called boroughs and census

areas. Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia have one

or more places that are independent of county organizations. These places are treated as counties and places. The

counties and places are defined as of January 1, 1997.

The state reports include data for places with 500

employees or more. Places are typically cities, towns, and

villages. They may be incorporated municipalities, semiindependent municipalities, special economic urban areas

(SEUAs), or other place equivalents.

The state reports also include data for consolidated cities with 500 employees or more. Consolidated cities are

made up of separately incorporated municipalities.

COMPARABILITY OF THE 1992 AND 1997 CENSUSES

The adoption of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) has had a major impact on the comparability of data between the 1992 and 1997 censuses.

Approximately half of the industries in the manufacturing

sector of NAICS do not have comparable industries in the

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system that was

used in the past. If industries are not comparable between

the two censuses, historic data are not shown. When applicable, Appendix G shows the product class and product

comparability between the two systems.

While most of the change affecting the manufacturing

sector was change within the sector, some industries left

manufacturing and others came into manufacturing.

Prominent among those leaving manufacturing are logging

and portions of publishing. Prominent among the industries coming into the manufacturing sector are bakeries,

candy stores where candy is made on the premises, custom tailors, makers of custom draperies, and tire retreading. Data for the industries coming into manufacturing as

well as those leaving manufacturing are included in the

manufacturing industry report series for 1997. However,

the state and summary reports only include data for

industries in the NAICS definition of manufacturing.

Another change resulting from the conversion to NAICS

is that data for central administrative offices (CAOs) associated with manufacturing are not included along side the

manufacturing data. This change affects data in the state

reports and the general summary.

DISCLOSURE

In accordance with Federal law governing census

reports (Title 13 of the United States Code), no data are

published that would disclose the operations of an individual establishment or company. However, the number of

establishments classified in a specific industry or geography is not considered a disclosure, and may be released

even when other information is withheld.

The disclosure analysis for the industry statistics files is

based on the total value of shipments. When the total

value of shipments cannot be shown without disclosing

information for individual companies, the complete line is

suppressed except for capital expenditures. However, the

suppressed data are included in higher-level totals. A separate disclosure analysis is performed for capital expenditures that can be suppressed even though value of shipments data are published.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT ECONOMIC

DATA

The Census Bureau conducts the Annual Survey of

Manufactures (ASM) in each of the 4 years between the

economic censuses. The ASM is a probability-based

sample of approximately 58,000 establishments and collects many of the same industry statistics (including

employment, payroll, value of shipments, etc.) as the economic census. However, there are selected statistics not

included in the ASM. Among these are the number of companies and establishments, detailed product and materials

data, and substate geographic data.

In addition to the ASM, the Census Bureau conducts a

Current Industrial Reports (CIR) program. The CIR publishes detailed product statistics for selected manufacturing industries at the U.S. level annually and, in some

cases, monthly and/or quarterly. For the 1997 Economic

Census – Manufacturing, the annual CIR data are included

in the Product Summary report.

The Census Bureau also conducts the monthly Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders (M3) program,

which publishes detailed statistics for manufacturing

industries at the U.S. level.

6 MANUFACTURING 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Table 1. Industry Statistics on NAICS Basis With Distribution Among 1987 SIC~Based

Industries: 1997

[NAICS codes appear in bold type. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

or SIC

code

Industry

All employees Production workers

Com~

panies1

All

estab~

lish~

ments2 Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value added by

manufacture

($1,000)

Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~

tures

($1,000)

311320 Chocolate & confectionery mfg from cacao beans 153 ............ 164 10 509 405 659 7 586 15 339 263 445 1 891 734 2 030 317 3 930 461 76 848 206600 Chocolate & cocoa products N ... 164 10 509 405 659 7 586 15 339 263 445 1 891 734 2 030 317 3 930 461 76 848

1For the census, a company is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control. 2Includes establishments with payroll at any time during the year.

Table 2. Industry Statistics for Selected States: 1997

[States that are disclosures or with less than 100 employees are not shown. For explanation of terms, see appendixes. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text]

Industry and geographic area

All establishments All employees Production workers

E1 Total

With 20 em~ ploy~ ees or

more Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value added by manufacture ($1,000)Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~ tures ($1,000)

311320, CHOCOLATE &

CONFECTIONERY MFG FROM

CACAO BEANS

United States 1 .............. 164 33 10 509 405 659 7 586 15 339 263 445 1 891 734 2 030 317 3 930 461 76 848

California 3 .......................... 21 6 1 929 72 137 1 527 3 193 51 989 416 572 319 242 730 827 27 933

Pennsylvania – ....................... 19 5 4 829 214 095 3 483 6 621 134 272 803 227 1 030 419 1 829 692 15 244

* Hawaii has no incorporated places in the sense of functioning governmental units; however, in agreement with Hawaiian law, the Bureau of the Census reports data for census designated

places (CDPs) which have been designated as place equivalents. Those CDPs, only for the state of Hawaii, with 2,500 or more population are recognized.

1Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other government

agencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. This technique was also used for a

small number of other establishments whose reports were not received at the time data were tabulated. The following symbols are shown where estimated data based on administrative~record data

account for 10 percent or more of the figures shown: 1–10 to 19 percent; 2–20 to 29 percent; 3–30 to 39 percent; 4–40 to 49 percent; 5–50 to 59 percent; 6–60 to 69 percent; 7–70 to 79 percent; 8–80 to

89 percent; 9–90 percent or more.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 311320 7

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Nov. 4, 1999
Table 3. Detailed Statistics by Industry: 1997

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

Item Value

311320, CHOCOLATE & CONFECTIONERY MFG

FROM CACAO BEANS

Companies1 ................................................ number.. 153

All establishments number ........................................... .. 164 Establishments with 1 to 19 employees number ....................... .. 131 Establishments with 20 to 99 employees number ..................... .. 15 Establishments with 100 employees or more number .................. .. 18

All employees number ............................................... .. 10 509

Total compensation2 .......................................... $1,000.. 530 827

Annual payroll $1,000 .............................................. .. 405 659

Total fringe benefits $1,000 ......................................... .. 125 168

Production workers, average for year number .......................... .. 7 586 Production workers on March 12 number ............................ .. 7 347 Production workers on May 12 number .............................. .. 7 283 Production workers on August 12 number ............................ .. 7 824 Production workers on November 12 number ......................... .. 7 890

Production~worker hours 1,000 ....................................... .. 15 339

Production~worker wages $1,000 ...................................... .. 263 445

Total cost of materials $1,000 ......................................... .. 2 030 317 Cost of materials, parts, containers, etc., consumed $1,000 ............. .. 1 894 931 Cost of resales $1,000 ............................................. .. 93 154 Cost of fuels $1,000 ............................................... .. 10 730 Cost of purchased electricity $1,000 ................................. .. 26 368 Cost of contract work $1,000 ....................................... .. 5 134

Quantity of electricity purchased for heat and power 1,000 kWh ........... .. 484 774

Quantity of electricity generated less sold for heat and power 1,000 kWh ... .. 957

Total value of shipments $1,000 ...................................... .. 3 930 461

Primary products value of shipments $1,000 .......................... .. 3 620 739

Secondary products value of shipments $1,000 ....................... .. 168 098

Total miscellaneous receipts $1,000 ................................. .. 141 624

Value of resales $1,000 .......................................... .. 116 672

Contract receipts $1,000 ......................................... .. D

Other miscellaneous receipts $1,000 .............................. .. D

Primary products specialization ratio percent ........................... .. 95

Value of primary products shipments made in all industries $1,000 ........ .. 3 840 204

Value of primary products shipments made in this industry $1,000 ....... .. 3 620 739

Value of primary products shipments made in other

industries $1,000 ................................................. .. 219 465

Coverage ratio percent .............................................. .. 94

Item Value

311320, CHOCOLATE & CONFECTIONERY MFG

FROM CACAO BEANSmCon.

Value added $1,000 ................................................. .. 1 891 734

Total inventories, beginning of year $1,000 ............................. .. 418 320

Finished goods inventories, beginning of year $1,000 .................. .. 175 465

Work~in~process inventories, beginning of year $1,000 ................. .. 50 320

Materials and supplies inventories, beginning of year $1,000 ............ .. 192 535

Total inventories, end of year $1,000 .................................. .. 449 452

Finished goods inventories, end of year $1,000 ....................... .. 171 067

Work~in~process inventories, end of year $1,000 ...................... .. 46 308

Materials and supplies inventories, end of year $1,000 ................. .. 232 077

Gross book value of total assets at beginning of year $1,000 .............. .. 1 295 657 Total capital expenditures (new and used) $1,000 ..................... .. 76 848 Capital expenditures for buildings and other structures

(new and used) $1,000 ......................................... .. 12 838 Capital expenditures for machinery and equipment (new

and used) $1,000 .............................................. .. 64 010 Total retirements2 .......................................... $1,000.. 35 347

Gross book value of total assets at end of year $1,000 ................... .. 1 337 158

Total depreciation during year2 ................................. $1,000.. 66 273

Total rental payments2 ........................................ $1,000.. 20 314

Buildings and other structures rental payments2 ................ $1,000.. 13 756

Machinery and equipment rental payments2.................... $1,000.. 6 558

Cost of purchased services for the repair of buildings and other

structures3.................................................. $1,000.. 10 343

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

Cost of purchased services for the repair of machinery and

equipment3 ................................................. $1,000.. 16 899

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

Cost of purchased communications services3 .................... $1,000.. 2 538

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

Cost of purchased legal services3 .............................. $1,000.. 183

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

Cost of purchased accounting and bookkeeping services3 ......... $1,000.. 268

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

Cost of purchased advertising services3 ......................... $1,000.. 71 921

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

Cost of purchased software and other data processing

services3 ................................................... $1,000.. 415

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

Cost of purchased refuse removal (including hazardous waste)

services3 ................................................... $1,000.. 428

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 86

1For the census, a company is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control. 2These items are collected in the ASM and estimated for the remaining establishments; therefore, the levels of estimation are higher than for other items in the table. 3Based on ASM sample data.

4A response coverage ratio is derived for this item by calculating the ratio of the weighted employment (establishment data multiplied by sample weight) for those ASM establishments that

reported to the weighted total employment for all ASM establishments classified in this industry.

Note: The amounts shown for purchased services reflect only those services that establishments purchase from other companies.

8 NAICS 311320 MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Nov. 4, 1999
Table 4. Industry Statistics by Employment Size: 1997

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

Employment size class

All establishments All employees Production workers

E1 Total

With 20

em~

ploy~

ees or

more Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value added by

manufacture

($1,000)

Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~

tures

($1,000)

311320, CHOCOLATE &

CONFECTIONERY MFG FROM

CACAO BEANS

All establishments 1 ......... 164 33 10 509 405 659 7 586 15 339 263 445 1 891 734 2 030 317 3 930 461 76 848

Establishments with 1 to 4

employees 9 ........................ 108 – 192 5 987 153 280 4 787 18 943 27 733 46 552 1 642

Establishments with 5 to 9

employees 8 ........................ 19 – 121 3 410 79 150 2 201 9 432 13 554 22 978 1 121

Establishments with 10 to 19

employees 3 ........................ 4 – 60 2 100 36 66 889 5 127 8 757 13 792 448

Establishments with 20 to 49

employees 2 ........................ 9 9 294 8 363 193 353 4 905 24 052 51 895 75 222 1 780

Establishments with 50 to 99

employees 6 ........................ 6 6 395 13 692 289 598 8 320 34 244 44 816 78 633 3 402

Establishments with 100 to 249

employees 1 ........................ 8 8 1 149 35 116 805 1 739 24 192 93 996 189 258 283 418 10 839

Establishments with 250 to 499

employees – ........................ 4 4 1 523 65 682 1 019 2 068 37 963 328 927 433 835 788 880 9 057

Establishments with 500 to 999

employees 1 ........................ 5 5 2 998 103 554 2 296 5 047 75 666 845 160 543 377 1 382 606 41 709

Establishments with 1,000 to 2,499

employees – ........................ –– D D D D D D D D D

Establishments with 2,500 employees

or more – ........................... 11 D D D D D D D D D

Administrative records2 .............. 9 110 – 269 8 591 205 386 6 504 26 818 39 963 66 606 2 380

1Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other government

agencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. This technique was also used for a

small number of other establishments whose reports were not received at the time data were tabulated. The following symbols are shown where estimated data based on administrative~record data

account for 10 percent or more of the figures shown: 1–10 to 19 percent; 2–20 to 29 percent; 3–30 to 39 percent; 4–40 to 49 percent; 5–50 to 59 percent; 6–60 to 69 percent; 7–70 to 79 percent; 8–80 to

89 percent; 9–90 percent or more. 2Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other government

agencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. Data are also included in respective

size classes shown.

Table 5. Industry Statistics by Industry and Primary Product Class Specialization: 1997

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

industry or

product

class code

Industry or primary product class

All employees Production workers All estab~ lish~

ments Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value addedby manufacture

($1,000)

Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~ tures

($1,000)

311320 Chocolate & confectionery

mfg from cacao beans 164 ... 10 509 405 659 7 586 15 339 263 445 1 891 734 2 030 317 3 930 461 76 848

3113201 Chocolate coatings 14 ................ 1 570 56 796 1 029 2 268 32 116 146 072 433 847 606 036 13 690 3113204 Chocolate and chocolate~type

confectionery products made from

cacao beans ground in the same

establishment 16 .................... 7 560 306 397 5 592 11 229 202 576 1 619 616 1 401 328 3 004 190 52 477 3113207 Other chocolate and cocoa products, nec 15 ............................. 837 27 904 625 1 181 18 513 84 397 134 142 217 704 6 937

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 311320 9

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Nov. 4, 1999
Table 6a. Products Statistics: 1997 and 1992

[Includes quantity and value of products of this industry produced by (1) establishments classified in this industry (primary) and (2) establishments classified in other industries (secondary). Transfers of

products of this industry from one establishment of a company to another establishment of the same company (interplant transfers) are also included. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see

introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

product

code

Product

1997 1992

Number of Product shipments Product shipments

companies with shipmentsof $100,000

or more

Quantity of

production for all purposes Quantity

Value ($1,000)

Number of

companies with shipmentsof $100,000

or more

Quantity of

production for all purposes Quantity

Value ($1,000)

311320 Chocolate and confectionery

products made from cacao

beans ........................................... N X X 3 840 204 N X X 3 090 755

3113201 Chocolate coatings ......................................... N X X 639 816 N X X 589 480

31132011 Milk chocolate coatings ................................... N X X 190 098 N X X N

3113201111 Milk chocolate coatings mil lb .......................... .. 17 X 144.4 190 098 9 X 230.4 229 664

31132012 Sweet chocolate and liquor chocolate

coatings ............................................... N X X 206 353 N X X N 3113201221 Sweet chocolate coatings mil lb ........................ .. 15 X 86.5 119 853 9 X 88.0 90 974 3113201231 Liquor chocolate coatings mil lb ........................ .. 9 X 82.7 86 500 8 X 64.7 94 951

31132013 Confectionery coatings, including ice

cream coating (made chiefly from cocoa

and fats other than cocoa butter) .......................... N X X 235 614 N X X N

3113201341 Confectionery coatings, including ice

cream coating (made chiefly from

cocoa and fats other than cocoa

butter) mil lb ........................................ .. 15 X 222.0 235 614 13 X p218.6 164 943

3113201Y Chocolate coatings, nsk................................... N X X 7 751 N X X N

3113201YWV Chocolate coatings, nsk................................. N X X 7 751 N X X 8 948

3113204 Chocolate and chocolate~type confectionery

products made from cacao beans ground

in the same establishment.................................. N X X 2 109 293 N X X 1 495 645

31132040 Chocolate and chocolate~type

confectionery products made from cacao

beans ground in the same

establishment........................................... N X X 2 109 293 N N N N

3113204000 Chocolate and chocolate~type

confectionery products made from

cacao beans ground in the same

establishment $ ....................................... 10 X X 2 109 293 9 X X 1 495 645

3113207 Other chocolate and cocoa products, nec ..................... N X X 1 022 816 N X X 943 153

31132071 Sweetened chocolate, except coatings...................... N X X 229 093 N X X N

3113207111 Sweetened chocolate, except coatings mil lb ............. .. 12 X 207.4 229 093 13 X 317.0 404 209

31132072 Unsweetened chocolate, except coatings

and sweetened or unsweetened cocoa

powder products ........................................ N X X 433 198 N X X N

3113207221 Unsweetened chocolate, except

coatings mil lb ...................................... .. 7 X D D 5 X 6.6 16 822

3113207231 Sweetened (or mixed with other

substances) cocoa powder, in cans or

packages of 2 one~half lb or less mil lb ................. .. 10 X D D 12 X 66.9 90 553

3113207241 Sweetened (or mixed with other

substances) cocoa powder, in other

containers and in bulk (barrels, drums,

etc.) mil lb .......................................... .. 10 X 167.7 126 750 12 X 54.0 42 618

3113207251 Unsweetened cocoa powder mil lb ...................... .. 16 X 190.5 142 514 14 X 195.7 137 558

31132073 Cocoa butter and chocolate liquor base or

cocoa powder base syrups ............................... N X X 311 135 N X X N

3113207360 Cocoa butter mil lb ................................... .. 6 X 81.9 145 761 6 X D D

3113207371 Chocolate liquor base syrup, in cans or

packages of 16 oz or less mil lb ....................... .. 6 X D D6 X D D

3113207381 Chocolate liquor base syrup, in other

containers or in bulk mil lb ............................ .. 11 X D D 11 X 141.7 126 642

3113207391 Cocoa powder base chocolate syrup mil lb ............... .. 15 X p55.0 32 321 12 X 77.1 49 541

3113207Y Other chocolate and cocoa products,

nsk.................................................... N X X 49 390 N X X N

3113207YWV Other chocolate and cocoa products,

nsk.................................................. N X X 49 390 N X X 4 460

311320W Chocolate and confectionery~type products

made from cacao beans, nsk, total .......................... N X X 68 279 N X X 62 477

311320WY Chocolate and confectionery

manufacturing from cacao beans, nsk,

total ................................................... N X X 68 279 N X X N

311320WYWW Chocolate and confectionery

manufacturing from cacao beans, nsk,

for nonadministrative~record

establishments........................................ N X X 3 837 N X X 18 876

311320WYWY Chocolate and confectionery

manufacturing from cacao beans, nsk,

for administrative~record

establishments........................................ N X X 64 442 N X X 34 169

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.

@ Additional data are available for these codes at the aggregate U.S. level in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) series; see Appendix F for the CIR survey number and title.

$ This product is primary to more than one industry; see Appendix F for a listing of the related product codes.

Note: For some establishments, data have been estimated from central unit values which are based on quantity~value relationships of reported data. The following symbols are used when

percentage of each quantity figure estimated in this manner equals or exceeds 10 percent of published figure: p 10 to 19 percent estimated; q 20 to 29 percent estimated. If 30 percent or more is

estimated, figure is replaced by S.

10 NAICS 311320 MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Nov. 4, 1999
Table 6b. Product Class Shipments for Selected States: 1997 and 1992

[Product classes covered are those that are economically significant and whose production is geographically dispersed, provided dispersion is not approximated by data in Table 2. Also, product classes

are not shown if they are miscellaneous or "not specified by kind" classes. Statistics for some states are withheld because they are either less than $2 million in product class shipments or they disclose

data for individual companies in 1997. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanations of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

product class codeProduct class and geographic area

Value of product shipments

($1,000)

1997 1992

3113201 CHOCOLATE COATINGS

United States............................................................................. 639 816 589 480

 Ohio............................................................................................. 4 309 N

 Wisconsin ........................................................................................ 224 275 67 028

3113204 CHOCOLATE AND CHOCOLATE~TYPE CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS MADE FROM

CACAO BEANS GROUND IN THE SAME ESTABLISHMENT

United States............................................................................. 2 109 293 1 495 645

3113207 OTHER CHOCOLATE AND COCOA PRODUCTS, NEC

United States............................................................................. 1 022 816 943 153

 California......................................................................................... 142 065 107 948 Illinois ........................................................................................... 38 219 36 972 Massachusetts.................................................................................... 15 494 N New Jersey....................................................................................... 41 027 72 909 Pennsylvania ..................................................................................... 336 847 202 219 Washington ...................................................................................... 5 632 N Wisconsin ........................................................................................ 245 525 146 313

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.

@ Additional data are available for these codes at the aggregate U.S. level in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) series; see Appendix F for the CIR survey number and title.

$ This product is primary to more than one industry; see Appendix F for a listing of the related product codes.

Table 7. Materials Consumed by Kind: 1997 and 1992

[Includes quantity and cost of materials consumed or put into production by establishments classified only in this industry. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation

of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

material

code

Material consumed

1997 1992

Quantity

Delivered cost

($1,000) Quantity

Delivered cost

($1,000)

311320 CHOCOLATE & CONFECTIONERY MFG FROM CACAO

BEANS

31122117 Crystalline fructose (dry fructose) mil lb .................................................. .. 0.7 348 N N

11100003 Nuts, in shell (including peanuts) mil lb ................................................... .. DDD D

31191101 Nutmeats, including peanuts, processed mil lb ............................................ .. D D p5.2 6 083

11100029 Nutmeats, raw................................................................... mil lb.. p6.4 7 825 D D

31150000 Milk and milk products................................................................... X 118 225 X 172 389

31122103 High fructose corn syrup (HFCS)(in terms of solids) mil lb .................................. .. D D 66.2 8 247

31122119 Dextrose and corn syrup, including corn syrup solids (in terms of dry

weight) ........................................................................ mil lb.. 105.7 13 750 75.1 9 255

32510053 Sugar substitutes (mannitol, sorbitol, etc.) 1,000 s tons ..................................... .. D D S 1 152

31131003 Sugar, cane and beet (in terms of sugar solids) 1,000 s tons ................................ .. 474.1 193 072 537.2 212 834

31100021 Fats and oils, including shortening mil lb ................................................. .. q86.9 43 972 87.2 39 007

31132003 Chocolate coatings 1,000 s tons ......................................................... .. 199.9 193 009 29.1 29 395

31132005 Unsweetened chocolate (chocolate liquor) 1,000 s tons .................................... .. 33.8 61 148 68.8 75 763

11130007 Cocoa beans 1,000 s tons .............................................................. .. 408.7 410 602 310.2 368 416

31132007 Cocoa, pressed cake and powder 1,000 s tons ............................................ .. 48.2 33 854 65.7 48 271

31132009 Cocoa butter .................................................................... mil lb.. p146.5 265 459 111.3 168 421

32510063 Essential oils and flavors, synthetic........................................................ X 14 849 X 15 806

001900A1 Packaging paper and plastics film, coated and laminated..................................... X 69 787 X 57 142

33299901 Aluminum foil packaging products, converted or rolls and sheets .............................. X 16 784 X D

32221001 Paperboard containers, boxes, and corrugated paperboard .................................. X 68 586 X 42 133

32610029 Plastics containers ...................................................................... X D X 20 292

32721301 Glass containers........................................................................ X DX D

33243101 Metal cans, can lids and ends ............................................................ X 1 611 X 16 421

00970099 All other materials and components, parts, containers, and supplies ........................... X 83 561 X N

00971000 Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, n.s.k. ....................................... X 187 795 X D

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.

Note: For some establishments, data have been estimated from central unit values which are based on quantity~value relationships of reported data. The following symbols are used when

percentage of each quantity figure estimated in this manner equals or exceeds 10 percent of published figure: p 10 to 19 percent estimated; q 20 to 29 percent estimated. If 30 percent or more is

estimated, figure is replaced by S.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 311320 11

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Nov. 4, 1999
Appendix A.

Explanation of Terms

BEGINNING- AND END-OF-YEAR INVENTORIES

Respondents were asked to report their beginning-ofyear and end-of-year inventories at cost or market. Effective with the 1982 Economic Census, this change to a uniform instruction for reporting inventories was introduced

for all sector reports. Prior to 1982, respondents were permitted to value inventories using any generally accepted

accounting method (FIFO, LIFO, market, to name a few).

Beginning in 1982, LIFO users were asked to first report

inventory values prior to the LIFO adjustment and then to

report the LIFO reserve and the LIFO value after adjustment for the reserve.

Inventory Data by Stage of Fabrication

Total inventories and three detailed components (1) finished goods, (2) work-in-process, and (3) materials, supplies, fuels, etc., were collected.

When using inventory data by stage of fabrication for

‘‘all industries’’ and at the three-digit subsector level, it

should be noted that an item treated as a finished product

by an establishment in one industry may be reported as a

raw material by an establishment in a different industry.

For example, the finished-product inventories of a steel

mill would be reported as raw materials by a stamping

plant. Such differences are present in the inventory figures

by stage of fabrication shown for all publication levels.

COST OF MATERIALS

This term refers to direct charges actually paid or payable for items consumed or put into production during the

year, including freight charges and other direct charges

incurred by the establishment in acquiring these materials.

It includes the cost of materials or fuel consumed,

whether purchased by the individual establishment from

other companies, transferred to it from other establishments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory

during the year.

Included in this item are:

1. Cost of parts, components, containers, etc.—Includes

all raw materials, semifinished goods, parts, containers, scrap, and supplies put into production or used as

operating supplies and for repair and maintenance

during the year.

2. Cost of products bought and sold in the same condition.

3. Cost of fuels consumed for heat and power—Includes

the cost of materials or fuel consumed, whether purchased by the individual establishment from other

companies, transferred to it from other establishments

of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory

during the year.

4. Cost of purchased electricity—The cost of purchased

electric energy represents the amount actually used

during the year for heat and power. In addition, information was collected on the quantity of electric

energy generated by the establishment and the quantity of electric energy sold or transferred to other

plants of the same company.

5. Cost of contract work—This term applies to work

done by others on materials furnished by the manufacturing establishment. The actual cost of the material is to be reported on the cost of materials, parts,

and containers line of this item. The term ‘‘Contract

Work’’ refers to the fee a company pays to another

company to perform a service.

Specific Materials Consumed

In addition to the total cost of materials, which every

establishment was required to report, information also

was collected for most manufacturing industries on the

consumption of major materials used in manufacturing.

The inquiries were restricted to those materials which

were important parts of the cost of production in a particular industry and for which cost information was available from manufacturers’ records. If less than $25,000 of

a listed material was consumed by an establishment, the

cost data could be reported in the ‘‘Cost of all other materials...,’’ Census material code 00970099. Also, the cost of

materials for small establishments for which administrative records or short forms were used was imputed into

the ‘‘Materials not specified by kind,’’ Census materials

code 00971000.

Duplication in Cost of Materials and Value of

Shipment

The aggregate of the cost of materials and value of

shipments figures for industry groups and for all manufacturing industries includes large amounts of duplication

since the products of some industries are used as materials by others. This duplication results, in part, from the

addition of related industries representing successive

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX A A–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
stages in the production of a finished manufactured product. Examples are the addition of flour mills to bakeries in

the food group and the addition of pulp mills to paper

mills in the paper and allied products group of industries.

Estimates of the overall extent of this duplication indicate

that the value of manufactured products exclusive of such

duplication (the value of finished manufactures) tends to

approximate two-thirds of the total value of products

reported in the survey.

Duplication of products within individual industries is

significant within a number of industry groups, e.g.,

machinery and transportation industries. These industries

frequently include complete machinery and their parts. In

this case, the parts made for original equipment are materials consumed for assembly plants in the same industry.

Even when no significant amount of duplication is

involved, value of shipments figures are deficient as measures of the relative economic importance of individual

manufacturing industries or geographic areas because of

the wide variation in ratio of materials, labor, and other

processing costs of value of shipments, both among

industries and within the same industry.

Before 1962, cost of materials and value of shipments

were not published for some industries which included

considerable duplication. Since then, these data have been

published for all industries at the U.S. level and beginning

in 1964, for all geographic levels.

COST OF PURCHASED SERVICES

Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) establishments

were requested to provide information on the cost of purchased services for the repair of buildings and other structures, the repair of machinery, communication services,

legal services, accounting and bookkeeping services,

advertising, software and other data processing services,

and refuse removal. Each of these items reflects the costs

paid directly by the establishment and excludes salaries

paid to employees of the establishment for these services.

Included in the cost of purchased services for the repair

of buildings and machinery are payments made for all

maintenance and repair work on buildings and equipment.

Payments made to other establishments of the same company and for repair and maintenance of any leased property also are included. Extensive repairs or reconstruction

that was capitalized is considered capital expenditures

and is, therefore, excluded from this item. Repair and

maintenance costs provided by an owner as part of a

rental contract or incurred directly by an establishment in

using its own work force also are excluded.

Included in the cost of purchased advertising services

are payments for printing, media coverage, and other

advertising services and materials.

Included in the cost of purchased software and other

data processing services are all purchases by the establishment from other companies. Excluded are services provided by other establishments of the same company (such

as by a separate data processing unit).

Included in the cost of purchased refuse removal services are all costs of refuse removal services paid by the

establishment, including costs for hazardous waste

removal or treatment. Excluded are all costs included in

rental payments or as capital expenditures.

Response Coverage Ratio

A response coverage ratio is a measure of the extent to

which respondents report for an item. The estimate is

made by calculating the ratio value of the weighted total

employment data for all the ASM establishments that

report the item to the weighted total employment data for

all ASM establishments classified in an industry (reporters

and non-reporters).

DEPRECIATION CHARGES FOR FIXED ASSETS

This item includes depreciation and amortization

charged during the year against assets. Depreciation

charged against fixed assets acquired since the beginning

of the year and against assets sold or retired during the

year are components of this category. Respondents were

requested to make certain that they did not report accumulated depreciation.

EMPLOYEES

This item includes all full-time and part-time employees

on the payrolls of operating manufacturing establishments

during any part of the pay period which included the 12th

of the months specified on the report form. Included are

all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays, and paid

vacations during these pay periods. Officers of corporations are included as employees; proprietors and partners

of unincorporated firms are excluded. The ‘‘all employees’’

number is the average number of production workers plus

the number of other employees in mid-March. The number

of production workers is the average for the payroll periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and November.

Production Workers

This item includes workers (up through the linesupervisor level) engaged in fabricating, processing,

assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping (but not delivering), maintenance, repair, janitorial and guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant’s own use (e.g.,

power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely

associated with these production operations at the establishment covered by the report. Employees above the

working-supervisor level are excluded from this item.

All Other Employees

This item covers nonproduction employees of the

manufacturing establishment including those engaged in

factory supervision above the line-supervisor level. It

A–2 APPENDIX A 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
includes sales (including driver-salespersons), sales delivery (highway truck drivers and their helpers), advertising,

credit, collection, installation and servicing of own products, clerical and routine office functions, executive, purchasing, financing, legal, personnel (including cafeteria,

medical, etc.), professional, and technical employees. Also

included are employees on the payroll of the manufacturing establishment engaged in the construction of major

additions or alterations utilized as a separate work force.

FRINGE BENEFITS

Fringe benefits are divided into legally required expenditures and payments for voluntary programs. The legally

required portion consists primarily of Federal old age and

survivors’ insurance, unemployment compensation, and

workers’ compensation. Payments for voluntary programs

include all programs not specifically required by legislation whether they were employer initiated or the result of

collective bargaining. They include the employer portion

of such plans as insurance premiums, premiums for

supplemental accident and sickness insurance, pension

plans, supplemental unemployment compensation, welfare plans, stock purchase plans on which the employer

payment is not subject to withholding tax, and deferred

profit-sharing plans. They exclude such items as companyoperated cafeterias, in-plant medical services, free parking

lots, discounts on employee purchases, and uniforms and

work clothing for employees.

GROSS BOOK VALUE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS AT

BEGINNING OF YEAR (BOY) AND END OF YEAR (EOY)

Total value of depreciable assets is collected on all census forms. It shows the value of depreciable assets for the

beginning of year and end of year. The data encompass all

fixed depreciable assets on the books of establishments.

The values shown (book value) represent the actual cost

of assets at the time they were acquired, including all

costs incurred in making the assets usable (such as transportation and installation). Included are all buildings,

structures, machinery, and equipment (production, office,

and transportation equipment) for which depreciation

reserves are maintained. Excluded are nondepreciable

capital assets including inventories and intangible assets,

such as timber and mineral rights.

The definition of fixed depreciable assets is consistent

with the definition of capital expenditures. For example,

expenditures include actual capital outlays during the year

rather than the final value of equipment put in place and

buildings completed during the year. Accordingly, the

value of assets at the end of the year includes the value of

construction in progress.

In addition, respondents were requested to make certain that assets at the beginning of the year plus capital

expenditures, less retirements, equaled assets at the end

of the year.

NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS AND COMPANIES

A separate report was required for each manufacturing

establishment (plant) with one employee or more. An

establishment is defined as a single physical location

where manufacturing is performed. A company, on the

other hand, is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control.

If the company operated at different physical locations,

even if the individual locations were producing the same

line of goods, a separate report was requested for each

location. If the company operated in two or more distinct

lines of manufacturing at the same location, a separate

report was requested for each activity.

An establishment not in operation for any portion of

the year was requested to return the report form with the

proper notation in the ‘‘Operational Status’’ section of the

form. In addition, the establishment was requested to

report data on any employees, capital expenditures, inventories, or shipments from inventories during the year.

PAYROLL

This item includes the gross earnings of all employees

on the payrolls of operating manufacturing establishments

paid in the calendar year. Respondents were told they

could follow the definition of payrolls used for calculating

the Federal withholding tax. It includes all forms of compensation, such as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses, vacation and sick leave pay, and

compensation in kind, prior to such deductions as employees’ social security contributions, withholding taxes,

group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total

includes salaries of officers of corporations; it excludes

payments to proprietors or partners of unincorporated

concerns. Also excluded are payments to members of

Armed Forces and pensioners carried on the active payrolls of manufacturing establishments.

The census definition of payrolls is identical to that recommended to all Federal statistical agencies by the Office

of Management and Budget. It should be noted that this

definition does not include employers’ social security contributions or other nonpayroll labor costs, such as employees’ pension plans, group insurance premiums, and workers’ compensation.

The ASM provides estimates of employers’ total supplemental labor costs (those required by Federal and state

laws and those incurred voluntarily or as part of collective

bargaining agreements).

PRODUCT CODES AND CLASSES OF PRODUCTS

NAICS United States industries are identified by a sixdigit code, in contrast to the four-digit SIC code. The

longer code accommodates the large number of sectors

and allows more flexibility in designing subsectors. Each

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX A A–3

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
product or service is assigned a ten-digit code. The product coding structure represents an extension by the Census Bureau of the six-digit industry classifications of the

manufacturing and mining sectors. The classification system operates so that the industrial coverage is progressively narrower with the successive addition of digits. This

is illustrated as follows:

NAICS level NAICS code Description

Industry .......... 33461 Manufacturing and reproduction

of magnetic and optical media

U.S. industry...... 334612 Reproduction of software

Product class ..... 3346120 Prerecorded compact disc (except

software), tape, and record reproducing

BLS link code..... 3346120X

Product code ..... 3346120XXX

As in previous censuses, data were collected for most

industries on the quantity and value of individual products

shipped. In the 1997 census program, information was

collected on the output of almost 10,000 individual product items.

In the new system, there are about 1,500 product

classes (seven-digit codes), about 6,000 census products

(ten-digit codes), and an additional 3,700 CIR products

(ten-digit codes). The ten-digit products are considered the

primary products of the industry with the same first six

digits.

The list of products for which separate information was

collected was prepared after consultation with industry

and government representatives. Comparability with previous figures was given considerable weight in the selection of product categories so that comparable 1992 information is presented for most products.

Typically, both quantity and value of shipments information were collected. However, if quantity was not significant or could not be reported by manufacturers, only

value of shipments was collected.

Shipments include both commercial shipments and

transfers of products to other plants of the same company. For industries in which a considerable portion of the

total shipments is transferred to other plants of the same

company, separate information on interplant transfers also

was collected. Moreover, for products that are used to a

large degree within the same establishment as materials

or components in the fabrication of other products, total

production and often consumption of the item within the

plant (quantity produced and consumed) was collected.

Typically, the information on production also was collected

for products for which there are significant differences

between total production and shipments in a given year

because of wide fluctuations in finished goods inventories. Other measures of output of products with long production cycles were used as appropriate and feasible.

PRIMARY PRODUCT CLASS CODE

This file presents selected statistics for establishments

according to their degree of specialization in products primary to their industry. This field contains either the sixdigit North American Industrial Classification System

(NAICS) industry code corresponding to all establishments

in the industry, or the seven-digit NAICS product class

code for all establishments within the industry that are

specialized in a particular product class. Product class specialization is determined by evaluating the ratio of the

largest primary product class shipments to total product

shipments (primary plus secondary, excluding miscellaneous receipts) for the establishment.

PRODUCTION-WORKER HOURS

This item covers hours worked or paid for at the plant,

including actual overtime hours (not straight-time equivalent hours). It excludes hours paid for vacations, holidays,

or sick leave.

QUANTITY OF ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMED FOR

HEAT AND POWER

Data on the cost of purchased electric energy were collected on all census forms. However, data on the quantity

of purchased electric energy were collected only on the

Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) form. In addition,

information is collected on the quantity of electric energy

generated by the establishment and the quantity of electric energy sold or transferred to other plants of the same

company.

RENTAL PAYMENTS

Total rental payments are collected on all census forms.

However, the breakdown between rental payments for

buildings and other structures and rental payments for

machinery and equipment is collected only on the ASM

forms. This item includes rental payments for the use of

all items for which depreciation reserves would be maintained if they were owned by the establishment, e.g.,

structures and buildings, and production, office, and

transportation equipment. Excluded are royalties and

other payments for the use of intangibles and depletable

assets and land rents where separable.

When an establishment of a multiestablishment company was charged rent by another part of the same company for the use of assets owned by the company, it was

instructed to exclude that cost from rental payments.

However, the book value (original cost) of these companyowned assets was to be reported as assets of the establishment at the end of the year.

If there were assets at an establishment rented from

another company and the rents were paid centrally by the

head office of the establishment, the company was

instructed to report these rental payments as if they were

paid directly by the establishment.

A–4 APPENDIX A 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
RETIREMENTS OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS

Included in this item is the gross value of assets sold,

retired, scrapped, destroyed, etc., during the calendar

year. When a complete operation or establishment

changed ownership, the respondent was instructed to

report the value of the assets sold at the original cost as

recorded in the books of the seller. The respondent also

was requested to report retirements of equipment or

structures owned by a parent company that the establishment was using as if it were a tenant.

TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (NEW AND USED)

For establishments in operation and any known plants

under construction, manufacturers were asked to report

their new and used expenditures for (1) permanent additions and major alterations to manufacturing establishments and (2) machinery and equipment used for replacement and additions to plant capacity if they were of the

type for which depreciation accounts were ordinarily maintained.

Totals for expenditures include the costs of assets

leased from nonmanufacturing concerns through capital

leases. New facilities owned by the Federal Government

but operated under contract by private companies and

plant and equipment furnished to the manufacturer by

communities and nonprofit organizations are excluded.

Also excluded are expenditures for land and cost of maintenance and repairs charged as current operating

expenses.

For any equipment or structure transferred for the use

of the reporting establishment by the parent company or

one of its subsidiaries, the value at which it was transferred to the establishment was to be reported. If an

establishment changed ownership during the year, the

cost of the fixed assets (building and equipment) was to

be reported.

VALUE ADDED

This measure of manufacturing activity is derived by

subtracting the cost of materials, supplies, containers,

fuel, purchased electricity, and contract work from the

value of shipments (products manufactured plus receipts

for services rendered). The result of this calculation is

adjusted by the addition of value added by merchandising

operations (i.e., the difference between the sales value

and the cost of merchandise sold without further manufacture, processing, or assembly) plus the net change in finished goods and work-in-process between the beginningand end-of-year inventories.

For those industries where value of production is collected instead of value of shipments, value added is

adjusted only for the change in work-in-process inventories between the beginning and end of year. For those

industries where value of work done is collected, the value

added does not include an adjustment for the change in

finished goods or work-in-process inventories.

‘‘Value added’’ avoids the duplication in the figure for

value of shipments that results from the use of products

of some establishments as materials by others. Value

added is considered to be the best value measure available for comparing the relative economic importance of

manufacturing among industries and geographic areas.

VALUE OF SHIPMENTS

This item covers the received or receivable net selling

values, f.o.b. plant (exclusive of freight and taxes), of all

products shipped, both primary and secondary, as well as

all miscellaneous receipts, such as receipts for contract

work performed for others, installation and repair, sales of

scrap, and sales of products bought and sold without further processing. Included are all items made by or for the

establishments from material owned by it, whether sold,

transferred to other plants of the same company, or

shipped on consignment. The net selling value of products

made in one plant on a contract basis from materials

owned by another was reported by the plant providing the

materials.

In the case of multiunit companies, the manufacturer

was requested to report the value of products transferred

to other establishments of the same company at full economic or commercial value, including not only the direct

cost of production but also a reasonable proportion of ‘‘all

other costs’’ (including company overhead) and profit.

In addition to the value for NAICS defined products,

aggregates of the following categories of miscellaneous

receipts are reported as part of a total establishment’s

value of product shipments:

1. Reported contract work—Receipts for work or services

that a plant performed for others on their materials.

2. Value of resales—Sales of products brought and sold

without further manufacture, processing, or assembly.

3. Other miscellaneous receipts—Such as repair work,

installation, sales of scrap, etc.

Industry primary product value of shipments represents

one of the three components of value of shipments. These

components are:

1. Primary products value of shipments.

2. Secondary product value of shipments.

3. Total miscellaneous receipts.

Primary product shipments is used in the calculations of

industry specialization ratio and industry coverage ratio.

The term ‘‘Value of primary products shipments made in

this industry’’ is used in this publication and refers to the

same data.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX A A–5

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Duplication in Cost of Materials and Value of

Shipment

The aggregate of the cost of materials and value of

shipments figures for industry groups and for all manufacturing industries includes large amounts of duplication

since the products of some industries are used as materials by others. This duplication results, in part, from the

addition of related industries representing successive

stages in the production of a finished manufactured product. Examples are the addition of flour mills to bakeries in

the food group and the addition of pulp mills to paper

mills in the paper and allied products group of industries.

Estimates of the overall extent of this duplication indicate

that the value of manufactured products exclusive of such

duplication (the value of finished manufactures) tends to

approximate two-thirds of the total value of products

reported in the annual survey.

Duplication of products within individual industries is

significant within a number of industry groups, e.g.,

machinery and transportation industries. These industries

frequently include complete machinery and their parts. In

this case, the parts made for original equipment are materials consumed for assembly plants in the same industry.

Even when no significant amount of duplication is

involved, value of shipments figures are deficient as measures of the relative economic importance of individual

manufacturing industries or geographic areas because of

the wide variation in ratio of materials, labor, and other

processing costs of value of shipments, both among

industries and within the same industry.

Before 1962, cost of materials and value of shipments

were not published for some industries which included

considerable duplication. Since then, these data have been

published for all industries at the U.S. level and beginning

in 1964, for all geographic levels.

Specialization and Coverage Ratios

These items are not collected on the report forms but

are derived from the data shown in Table 3. An establishment is classified in a particular industry if its shipments

of primary products of that industry exceed in value its

shipments of the products of any other single industry.

An establishment’s shipments include those products

assigned to an industry (primary products), those considered primary to other industries (secondary products), and

receipts for miscellaneous activities (merchandising, contract work, resales, etc.). Specialization and coverage

ratios have been developed to measure the relationship of

primary product shipments to the data on shipments for

the industry shown in Tables 1a through 5 and data on

product shipments shown in Tables 6a and 6b.

Specialization ratio represents the ratio of primary

product shipments to total product shipments (primary

and secondary, excluding miscellaneous receipts) for the

establishments classified in the industry.

Coverage ratio represents the ratio of primary products

shipped by the establishments classified in the industry to

the total shipments of such products that are shipped by

all manufacturing establishments wherever classified.

A–6 APPENDIX A 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix B.

NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions

311320 CHOCOLATE AND CONFECTIONERY

MANUFACTURING FROM CACAO BEANS

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily

engaged in shelling, roasting, and grinding cacao beans

and making chocolate cacao products and chocolate confectioneries.

The data published with NAICS code 311320 include

the following SIC industries:

2066 Chocolate and cocoa products

MANUFACTURING—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX B B–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix C.

Coverage and Methodology

MAIL/NONMAIL UNIVERSE

The manufacturing universe includes about 400,000

establishments. This number includes those industries in

the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

definition of manufacturing, but not those industries leaving the manufacturing sector in the classification change.

The amounts of information requested from manufacturing establishments were dependent upon a number of factors. The more important considerations were the size of

the company and whether it was included in the annual

survey of manufactures (ASM). The methods of obtaining

information for the various subsets of the universe to

arrive at the aggregate figures shown in the publication

are described below:

1. Small single-establishment companies not sent a

report form.

Approximately 40 percent of the manufacturing

establishments were small single-establishment companies that were excused from filing a census report.

Selection of these establishments was based on two

factors: annual payroll and our ability to assign the

correct six-digit NAICS industry classification to the

establishment. For each four-digit Standard Industrial

Classification (SIC) industry code, an annual payroll

cutoff was determined. These cutoffs were derived so

that the establishments with payroll less than the cutoff were expected to account for no more than 3 percent of the value of shipments for the industry. Generally, all single-establishment companies with less than

5 employees were excused, while all establishments

with more than 20 employees were mailed forms.

Establishments below the cutoff that could not be

directly assigned a six-digit NAICS code were mailed a

classification report which requested information for

assigning NAICS industry codes. Establishments below

the cutoff that could be directly assigned a six-digit

NAICS code were excused from filing any report. For

below cutoff establishments, information on the

physical location, payroll, and receipts was obtained

from the administrative records of other Federal agencies under special arrangements that safeguarded

their confidentiality.

Estimates of data for these small establishments

were developed using industry averages in conjunction with the administrative information. The value of

shipments and cost of materials were not distributed

among specific products and materials for these

establishments but were included in the product and

material ‘‘not specified by kind’’ (nsk) categories.

The industry classification codes included in the

administrative-record files were assigned on the basis

of brief descriptions of the general activity of the

establishment. As a result, an indeterminate number

of establishments were erroneously coded to a fourdigit SIC industry and then erroneously re-coded to a

six-digit NAICS industry. This was especially true

whenever there was a relatively fine line of demarcation between industries or between manufacturing

and nonmanufacturing activity.

Sometimes the administrative-record cases had

only two- or three-digit SIC group classification codes

available in the files. For the 1997 Economic Census –

Manufacturing, these establishments were sent a

separate classification form, which requested information on the products and services of the establishment. This form was used to code many of these

establishments to the appropriate six-digit NAICS

level. Establishments that did not return the classification form were coded later to those six-digit NAICS

industries identified as ‘‘All other’’ industries within

the given subsector.

As a result of these situations, a number of small

establishments may have been misclassified by industry. However, such possible misclassification has no

significant effect on the statistics other than on the

number of companies and establishments.

The total establishment count for individual industries should be viewed as an approximation rather

than a precise measurement. The counts for establishments with 20 employees or more are far more reliable than the count of total number of establishments.

2. Establishments sent a report form.

The establishments covered in the mail canvass

were divided into three groups:

a. ASM sample establishments.

This group accounts for approximately 15 percent of all manufacturing establishments. The ASM

panel covers all the units of large manufacturing

establishments as well as a sample of the medium

and smaller establishments. The probability of

selection was proportionate to size. For more information, see the Description of the ASM Survey

Sample.

MANUFACTURING APPENDIX C C–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
In an economic census year, the ASM report form

(MA-1000) replaces the first page of the regular

census form for those establishments included in

the ASM. In addition to information on employment, payroll, and other items normally requested

on the regular census form, establishments in the

ASM sample were requested to supply additional

information on gross book value of assets and

capital expenditures. ASM establishments were also

requested to provide information on retirements,

depreciation, rental payments, and supplemental

labor costs. For establishments not included in the

ASM, these additional items were estimated using

relationships observed in the ASM establishment

data. The census statistics for these variables are a

sum of the ASM establishment data and the estimated data for non-ASM establishments. ASM

establishments were also requested to provide

information for selected purchased services. The

census statistics for the purchased service items

were derived solely from the ASM establishments.

See Appendix A, Explanation of Terms for an explanation of these items. The census part of the report

form is 1 of 220 versions containing product, material, and special inquiries. The diversity of manufacturing activities necessitated the use of this many

forms to canvass the 480 manufacturing industries.

Each form was developed for a group of related

industries.

Appearing on each form was a list of products

primary to the group of related industries as well

as secondary products and miscellaneous services

that establishments classified in these industries

were likely to perform. Respondents were

requested to identify the products, the value of

each product, and, in many cases, the quantity of

the product shipped during the survey year. Space

also was provided for the respondent to describe

products not specifically identified on the form.

The report form also contained a materialsconsumed inquiry which varied from form to form

depending on the industries being canvassed. The

respondents were asked to review a list of materials generally used in their production processes.

From this list, each establishment was requested to

identify those materials consumed during the survey year, the cost of each, and, in certain cases, the

quantity consumed. Once again, space was provided for the respondent to describe significant

materials not identified on the form.

A wide variety of special inquiries was included

to measure activities peculiar to a given industry,

such as operations performed and equipment used.

b. Large and medium establishments (non-ASM).

Approximately 30 percent of all manufacturing

establishments were included in this group. A variable cutoff, based on administrative-record payroll

data and determined on an industry-by-industry

basis, was used to select those establishments that

were to receive 1 of the 220 economic census –

manufacturing regular forms. The first page,

requesting establishment data for items such as

employment and payroll, was standard but did not

contain the detailed statistics included on the ASM

form. The product, material, and special inquiry

sections supplied were based on the historical

industry classification of the establishment.

c. Small single-establishment companies (non-ASM).

This group includes approximately 15 percent of

all manufacturing establishments. For those industries where application of the variable cutoff for

administrative-record cases resulted in a large number of small establishments being included in the

mail canvass, an abbreviated or short form was

used. These establishments received 1 of the 31

versions of the short form, which requested summary product and material data and totals but no

details on employment, payroll, cost of materials,

inventories, and capital expenditures.

Use of the short form has no adverse effect on

published totals for the industry statistics because

the same data were collected on the short form as

on the long form. However, detailed information on

products and materials consumed was not collected on the short form; thus, its use would

increase the value of the nsk categories.

INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION OF

ESTABLISHMENTS

Each of the establishments covered in the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing was classified in 1 of 480

industries (473 manufacturing industries and 7 former

manufacturing industries) in accordance with the industry

definitions in the 1997 NAICS Manual. This is the first edition of the NAICS Manual and it is a major change from the

1987 SIC Manual that was used previously. Appendix A of

the 1997 NAICS Manual notes the comparability between

the 1987 SIC and 1997 NAICS classification systems. When

applicable, Appendix G of this report shows the product

class and product comparability between the two systems

for data in this report.

In the NAICS system, an industry is generally defined as

a group of establishments that have similar production

processes. To the extent practical, the system uses supplybased or production-oriented concepts in defining industries. The resulting group of establishments must be significant in terms of number, value added by manufacture,

value of shipments, and number of employees.

C–2 APPENDIX C MANUFACTURING

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
The coding system works in such a way that the definitions progressively become narrower with successive

additions of numerical digits. In the manufacturing sector

for 1997, there are 21 subsectors (three-digit NAICS), 86

industry groups (four-digit NAICS), 184 NAICS industries

(five-digit NAICS) that are comparable with Canadian and

Mexican classification, and 473 U.S. industries (six-digit

NAICS). This represents an expansion of the four-digit SICbased U.S. industries from 459 in 1987. Product classes

and products of the manufacturing industries have been

assigned codes based on the industry from which they

originate. In the new system, there are about 1,500 product classes (seven-digit codes), about 6,000 census products, and an additional 3,700 CIR products (ten-digit

codes). The ten-digit products are considered the primary

products of the industry with the same first six digits.

These counts do not include the seven former manufacturing industries that are included in the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing.

For the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing, all

establishments were classified in particular industries

based on the products they produced. If an establishment

made products of more than one industry, it was classified

in the industry with the largest product value. For 1997,

there were no ‘‘resistance rules’’ or ‘‘frozen industries.’’

In ASM years, establishments included in the ASM

sample with certainty weights are reclassified by industry

only if the change in the primary activity from the prior

year is significant or if the change has occurred for 2 successive years. This procedure prevents reclassification

when there are minor shifts in product mix.

In ASM years, establishments included in the ASM

sample with noncertainty weight are not shifted from one

industry classification to another. They are retained in the

industry where they were classified in the base census

year. However, in the following census year, these ASM

plants are allowed to shift from one industry to another.

The results of these rules covering the switching of

plants from one industry classification to another are that

some industries comprise different mixes of establishments in different survey years. Hence, comparisons

between prior-year and current-year published totals, particularly at the six-digit NAICS level, should be viewed

with caution. This is particularly true for the comparison

between the data shown for a census year versus the data

shown for the previous ASM year.

As previously noted, the small establishments that may

have been misclassified by industry are usually

administrative-record cases whose industry codes were

assigned on the basis of incomplete descriptions of the

general activity of the establishment. Such possible misclassifications have no significant effect on the statistics

other than on the number of companies and establishments.

Establishments frequently make products classified

both in their industry (primary products) and other industries (secondary products). Industry statistics (employment, payroll, value added by manufacture, value of shipments, etc.) reflect the activities of the establishments

which may make both primary and secondary products.

Product statistics, however, represent the output of all

establishments without regard for the classification of the

producing establishment. For this reason, when relating

the industry statistics, especially the value of shipments,

to the product statistics, the composition of the industry’s

output should be considered.

The extent to which industry and product statistics may

be matched with each other is measured by the primary

product specialization ratio and the coverage ratio. The

primary product specialization ratio is the proportion of

industry shipments accounted for by the primary products

of establishments classified in the industry. The coverage

ratio is the proportion of product shipments accounted for

by establishments classified in the industry.

ESTABLISHMENT BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census – manufacturing is conducted on

an establishment basis. A company operating at more

than one location is required to file a separate report for

each location or establishment. The ASM also is conducted

on an establishment basis, but separate reports are filed

for just those establishments selected in the sample. Companies engaged in distinctly different lines of activity at

one location are requested to submit separate reports if

the plant records permit such a separation and if the

activities are substantial in size.

In 1997, as in earlier years, a minimum size limit was

set for inclusion of establishments in the census. All establishments employing one person or more at any time during the census year are included. The same size limitation

has applied since 1947 in censuses and annual surveys of

manufactures. In the 1939 and earlier censuses, establishments with less than $5,000 value of products were

excluded. The change in the minimum size limit in 1947

does not appreciably affect the historical comparability of

the census figures except for data on number of establishments for a few industries.

The 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing excludes

data for central administrative offices (CAOs). These

would include separately operated administrative offices,

warehouses, garages, and other auxiliary units that service manufacturing establishments of the same company.

These data are published in a separate report series.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ASM SURVEY SAMPLE

The annual survey of manufactures (ASM) sample is

drawn for the second survey year after a census. The most

recent sample was drawn for the 1994 survey year based

on the 1992 Census of Manufactures. This sample will be

in place through the 1998 ASM.

MANUFACTURING APPENDIX C C–3

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
In 1992, there were approximately 370,000 individual

manufacturing establishments. For sample efficiency and

cost considerations, the 1992 manufacturing population

was partitioned into two components for developing estimates within the ASM; a mail stratum and a nonmail stratum.

Mail stratum. The mail stratum of the survey is comprised of larger single-location manufacturing companies

and all manufacturing establishments of multiunit companies (companies that operate at more than one physical

location). Approximately 230,000 of the 370,000 establishments in the 1992 census were assigned to the mail

stratum. On an annual basis, the mail stratum is supplemented with larger, newly active single-location companies identified from a list provided by the Internal Revenue

Service (IRS) and new manufacturing locations of multiunit

companies identified from the Census Bureau’s Company

Organization Survey (COS).

For the 1994 survey, a new sample of approximately

58,000 individual establishments was selected from the

mail stratum assembled from the 1992 census. Supplemental samples representing both 1993 and 1994 births

(newly active establishments that were not included in the

1992 census) were also selected. Establishments selected

for the sample are mailed an ASM survey questionnaire for

each year through 1998.

The 1994-98 ASM sample design is similar to the one

used since 1984. Companies in the 1992 Census of Manufactures with manufacturing shipments of at least $500

million were defined as company certainties. For these

large companies, each manufacturing establishment is

included in the mail sample. For the 1994-98 sample,

there are approximately 650 certainty companies collectively accounting for over 18,000 establishments.

For the remaining portion of the mail component of the

survey, the establishment was defined as the sample unit.

All establishments with 250 employees or more were

defined as employment certainties. In addition, all establishments producing products in SIC 3571 (Electronic

Computers) were defined as certainties. Across these three

arbitrary certainty classes, there were approximately

25,000 establishments included in the sample with certainty. Collectively, these certainty establishments

accounted for approximately 80 percent of the total value

of shipments in the 1992 Census of Manufactures.

Smaller establishments in the remaining portion of the

mail stratum were sampled with probabilities ranging

from .02 to 1.00. The initial probabilities of selection

assigned to these establishments were proportionate to a

measure-of-size determined for each establishment. The

measure-of-size was a function of the establishment’s

1992 industry classification, its 1992 product class data,

and the historical variability of the year-to-year estimates

of the product class estimates. For each product class

(1,755) and four-digit industry (459), a desired reliability

constraint was specified. Using a technique developed by

Dr. James R. Chromy of the Research Triangle Institute, the

initial establishment probabilities were optimized such

that the expected sample satisfied all industry and product class reliability constraints while the sample size was

minimized. This technique reduces the likelihood of

selecting nonrepresentative samples for individual product

classes or industries.

This method of assigning probabilities based on product class shipments is motivated by our primary desire to

produce reliable estimates of both product class and

industry shipments. The high correlation between shipments and employment, value-added, and other general

statistics assures that these variables will also be well represented by the sample. The actual sample selection procedure uses an independent chance of selection method

(Poisson sampling) which permits us to prevent small

establishments from being selected in consecutive

samples without introducing a bias into the survey estimates.

Nonmail component. The initial nonmail component of

the survey was comprised of approximately 140,000

small, single-establishment companies that were tabulated

as administrative records in the 1992 Census of Manufactures. The nonmail stratum is also supplemented annually

using the list of newly active single-location companies

provided by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and payroll

cutoffs. Companies with payroll below the payroll cutoff

are added to the nonmail stratum. For this portion of the

population, sampling is not used. The data for this group

are estimated based on selected information obtained

annually from the administrative records of the IRS and

Social Security Administration (SSA). This administrative

information, which includes payroll, total employment,

industry classification, and physical location, is obtained

under conditions which safeguard the confidentiality of

both tax and census records.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ASM ESTIMATING

PROCEDURE

Most of the ASM estimates derived for the mail stratum

are computed using a difference estimator. At the establishment level, there is a strong correlation between the

current-year data values and the corresponding 1992

(base) data values. Therefore, within the mailed stratum,

for each item at each level of aggregation, an estimate of

the ‘‘difference’’ between the current year and the base

year is computed from sample cases and added to the corresponding base-year values. For the 1993-1997 ASM estimates, the 1992 Census of Manufactures values serve as

the base year. For the 1998 ASM, the base will be updated

to be the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing.

Due to the positive year-to-year correlation, estimates

derived using this methodology are generally more reliable than comparable estimates developed from the current sample data alone. Estimates for the capital expenditures variables are not generated using the difference

C–4 APPENDIX C MANUFACTURING

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
estimator because the year-to-year correlations are considerably weaker. The standard linear estimator is used for

these variables.

For the nonmail stratum, estimates for payroll and

employment are directly tabulated from the

administrative-record data provided by IRS and SSA. Estimates of data other than payroll and employment are

developed from industry averages. Although the nonmail

stratum contains approximately 170,000 individual establishments in 1994, it accounts for less than 2 percent of

the estimate for total value of shipments at the total

manufacturing level.

Corresponding estimates for the mail and nonmail components are combined to produce the estimates included

in this publication.

QUALIFICATIONS OF THE ASM DATA

The estimates developed from the sample are apt to

differ somewhat from the results of a survey covering all

companies in the sample lists but otherwise conducted

under essentially the same conditions as the actual sample

survey. The estimates of the magnitude of the sampling

errors (the difference between the estimates obtained and

the results theoretically obtained from a comparable,

complete-coverage survey) are provided by the standard

errors of estimates.

The particular sample selected for the ASM is one of

many similar probability samples that, by chance, might

have been selected under the same specifications. Each of

the possible samples would yield somewhat different sets

of results, and the standard errors are measures of the

variation of all the possible sample estimates around the

theoretically comparable, complete-coverage values.

Estimates of the standard errors have been computed

from the sample data for selected ASM statistics in this

report. They are represented in the form of relative standard errors (the standard errors divided by the estimated

values to which they refer).

In conjunction with its associated estimate, the relative

standard error may be used to define confidence intervals

(ranges that would include the comparable, completecoverage value for specified percentages of all the possible samples).

The complete-coverage value would be included in the

range:

From one standard error below to one standard error

above the derived estimate for about two-thirds of all

possible samples.

From two standard errors below to two standard

errors above the derived estimate for about 19 out of

20 of all possible samples.

From three standard errors below to three standard

errors above the derived estimate for nearly all

samples.

An inference that the comparable, complete-survey

result would be within the indicated ranges would be correct in approximately the relative frequencies shown.

Those proportions, therefore, may be interpreted as defining the confidence that the estimates from a particular

sample would differ from complete-coverage results by as

much as one, two, or three standard errors, respectively.

For example, suppose an estimated total is shown at

50,000 with an associated relative standard error of

2 percent, that is, a standard error of 1,000 (2 percent of

50,000). There is approximately 67 percent confidence

that the interval 49,000 to 51,000 includes the completecoverage total, about 95 percent confidence that the interval 48,000 to 52,000 includes the complete-coverage

total, and almost certain confidence that the interval

47,000 to 53,000 includes the complete-coverage total.

In addition to the sample errors, the estimates are subject to various response and operational errors: errors of

collection, reporting, coding, transcription, imputation for

nonresponse, etc. These operational errors also would

occur if a complete canvass were to be conducted under

the same conditions as the survey. Explicit measures of

their effects generally are not available. However, it is

believed that most of the important operational errors

were detected and corrected during the Census Bureau’s

review of the data for reasonableness and consistency.

The small operational errors usually remain. To some

extent, they are compensating in the aggregated totals

shown. When important operational errors were detected

too late to correct the estimates, the data were suppressed

or were specifically qualified in the tables.

As derived, the estimated standard errors included part

of the effect of the operational errors. The total errors,

which depend upon the joint effect of the sampling and

operational errors, are usually of the order of size indicated by the standard error, or moderately higher. However, for particular estimates, the total error may considerably exceed the standard errors shown. Any figures shown

in the tables in this publication having an associated standard error exceeding 15 percent may be combined with

higher level totals, creating a broader aggregate, which

then may be of acceptable reliability.

DATA FROM THE CURRENT INDUSTRIAL REPORTS

(CIR)

The CIR program provides product statistics for

selected manufacturing industries at the U.S. level annually and, in some cases, monthly and/or quarterly. When

detail product data are collected in the CIR, they are not

also collected in the census. However, the annual CIR data

are included in the census Product Summary report.

The CIR program uses a unified data collection, processing, and publication system. The Census Bureau

updates the survey panels for most reports annually and

reconciles the estimates to the results of the broaderbased annual survey of manufactures and the economic

MANUFACTURING APPENDIX C C–5

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
census – manufacturing. The economic census – manufacturing provides a complete list of all producers of the

products covered by the CIR program and serves as the

primary source for CIR sampling. Where a small number of

producers exist, CIR surveys cover all known producers of

a product. However, when the number of producers is

large, cutoff and random sampling techniques are used.

Surveys are continually reviewed and modified to provide

the most up-to-date information on products produced.

While the CIR program includes both mandatory and voluntary surveys, the annual data are mandatory.

DUPLICATION IN COST OF MATERIALS AND VALUE

OF SHIPMENTS

Data for cost of materials and value of shipments

include varying amounts of duplication, especially at

higher levels of aggregation. This is because the products

of one establishment may be the materials of another. The

value added statistics avoid this duplication and are, for

most purposes, the best measure for comparing the relative economic importance of industries and geographic

areas.

VALUE OF INDUSTRY SHIPMENTS COMPARED WITH

VALUE OF PRODUCT SHIPMENTS

The 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing shows

value of shipments data for industries and products. In the

industry statistics tables and files, these data represent

the total value of shipments of all establishments classified in a particular industry. The data include the shipments of the products classified in the industry (primary

to the industry), products classified in other industries

(secondary to the industry), and miscellaneous receipts

(repair work, sale of scrap, research and development,

installation receipts, and resales). Value of product shipments shown in the products statistics tables and files

represent the total value of all products shipped that are

classified as primary to an industry regardless of the classification of the producing establishment.

C–6 APPENDIX C MANUFACTURING

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix D.

Geographic Notes

Not applicable for this report.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX D D–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix E.

Metropolitan Areas

Not applicable for this report.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX E E–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix F.

Footnotes for Products Statistics and Materials Consumed

by Kind

Part 1. Products Statistics (Tables 6a and 6b)

NAICS product code Footnote

$ 3113204000 This product code is primary to more than one industry. For a list of product codes that are primary to more than one

industry, see "1997 Economic Census, Numerical List of Manufactured and Mineral Products," Appendix D.

...........

Part 2. Materials Consumed by Kind (Table 7)

 Not applicable.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX F F–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Nov. 4, 1999
Appendix G.

Comparability of Product Classes and Product Codes:

1997 to 1992

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3111111 20473 ........... ............ 20473

3111111111 2047321 ....... .......... 2047321

3111111121 2047323 ....... .......... 2047323

3111111231 2047326 ....... .......... 2047326

3111111341 2047338 ....... .......... 2047338

3111111YWV 2047300 ...... .......... 2047300

3111114 20474 ........... ............ 20474

3111114111 2047441 ....... .......... 2047441

3111114221 2047443 ....... .......... 2047443

3111114231 2047445 ....... .......... 2047445

3111114341 2047454 ....... .......... 2047454

3111114351 2047457 ....... .......... 2047457

3111114YWV 2047400 ...... .......... 2047400

311111W 20470 .......... ............ 20470

311111WYWW 2047000 ..... .......... 2047000

311111WYWY 2047002 ..... .......... 2047002

3111191 20481 ........... ............ 20481

3111191111 2048111 ....... .......... 2048111

3111191121 2048115 ....... .......... 2048115

3111191231 2048116 ....... .......... 2048116

3111191341 2048118 ....... .......... 2048118

3111191351 2048121 ....... .......... 2048121

3111191361 2048122 ....... .......... 2048122

3111191371 2048123 ....... .......... 2048123

3111191381 2048124 ....... .......... 2048124

3111191391 2048131 ....... .......... 2048131

31111913A1 2048132 ....... .......... 2048132

31111913B1 2048133 ....... .......... 2048133

31111913C1 2048134 ....... .......... 2048134

3111191YWV 2048100 ...... .......... 2048100

3111194 20482 ........... ............ 20482 3111194100 2048200 ....... .......... 2048200

3111197 20483 ........... ............ 20483

3111197111 2048301 ....... .......... 2048301

3111197121 2048302 ....... .......... 2048302

3111197YWV 2048300 ...... .......... 2048300

311119A 20484 ........... ............ 20484

311119A100 2048400 ....... .......... 2048400

311119D 20485 .......... ............ 20485

311119D111 2048503 ....... .......... 2048503

311119D121 2048504 ....... .......... 2048504

311119DYWV 2048500 ...... .......... 2048500

311119G 20486 .......... ............ 20486

311119G100 2048600 ....... .......... 2048600

311119J 20487 ........... ............ 20487

311119J111 2048705 ........ .......... 2048705

311119J121 2048706 ........ .......... 2048706

311119JYWV 2048700 ...... .......... 2048700

311119M 20488 .......... ............ 20488

311119M111 2048811 ....... .......... 2048811

311119M121 2048812 ....... .......... 2048812

311119M131 2048813 ....... .......... 2048813

311119M141 2048816 ....... .......... 2048816

311119M151 2048821 ....... .......... 2048821

311119M161 2048823 ....... .......... 2048823

311119M171 2048825 ....... .......... 2048825

311119M181 2048831 ....... .......... 2048831

311119M191 2048833 ....... .......... 2048833

311119MYWV 2048800 ...... .......... 2048800

311119P 20489 pt ........... .......... 20489 pt

311119P111 2048911 ....... .......... 2048911

311119P121 2048922 ....... .......... 2048922

311119P131 2048935 ....... .......... 2048935

311119P141 2048939 ....... .......... 2048939

311119P151 2048943 ....... .......... 2048941 pt

311119PYWV 2048900 pt ...... ........ 2048900 pt

311119T 2048A ........... ............ 2048A

311119T111 2048A01 ....... .......... 2048A01

311119T121 2048A03 ....... .......... 2048A03

311119T131 2048A05 ....... .......... 2048A05

311119T141 2048A07 ....... .......... 2048A07

311119T151 2048A09 ....... .......... 2048A09

311119T161 2048A11 ....... .......... 2048A11

311119T171 2048A12 ....... .......... 2048A12

311119T181 2048A19 ....... .......... 2048A19

311119TYWV 2048A00 ...... .......... 2048A00

311119W 20480 pt .......... .......... 20480 pt

311119WYWW 2048000 pt ..... ........ 2048000 pt

311119WYWY 2048002 pt ..... ........ 2048002 pt

3112111 20411 ........... ............ 20411

3112111111 2041105 ....... .......... 2041105

3112111221 2041107 ....... .......... 2041107

3112111331 2041111 ....... .......... 2041111

3112111441 2041113 ....... .......... 2041113

3112111551 2041115 ....... .......... 2041115

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3112111561 2041117 ....... .......... 2041117

3112111671 2041121 ....... .......... 2041121

3112111681 2041123 ....... .......... 2041123

3112111791 2041126 ....... .......... 2041126

31121117A1 2041129 ....... .......... 2041129

31121117B1 2041128 ....... .......... 2041128

31121118C1 2041131 ....... .......... 2041131

31121118D1 2041151 ....... .......... 2041151

31121118E1 2041161 ....... .......... 2041161

31121118F1 2041198 ....... .......... 2041198

3112111YWV 2041100 ...... .......... 2041100

3112114 20412 ........... ............ 20412

3112114111 2041213 ....... .......... 2041213

3112114121 2041219 ....... .......... 2041219

3112114YWV 2041200 ...... .......... 2041200

3112117 20413 ........... ............ 20413

3112117111 2041311 ....... .......... 2041311 3112117121 2041315 ....... .......... 2041315 3112117131 2041321 ....... .......... 2041321 3112117141 2041323 ....... .......... 2041323 3112117151 2041365 ....... .......... 2041365 3112117161 2041393 ....... .......... 2041393 3112117171 2041395 ....... .......... 2041395 3112117181 2041397 ....... .......... 2041397 3112117YWV 2041300 ...... .......... 2041300

311211A 20415 ........... ............ 20415

311211A111 2041511 ....... .......... 2041511

311211A121 2041513 ....... .......... 2041513

311211A131 2041515 ....... .......... 2041515

311211A141 2041521 ....... .......... 2041521

311211A151 pt 2041530 pt ..... ........ 2041517

311211A151 pt 2041530 pt ..... ........ 2041519

311211A151 pt 2041530 pt ..... ........ 2041525

311211A161 pt 2041590 pt ..... ........ 2041581

311211A161 pt 2041590 pt ..... ........ 2041585

311211A161 pt 2041590 pt ..... ........ 2041586

311211A161 pt 2041590 pt ..... ........ 2041588 311211A161 pt 2041590 pt ..... ........ 2041589 311211A171 pt 2041596 pt ..... ........ 2041591 311211A171 pt 2041596 pt ..... ........ 2041592 311211A171 pt 2041596 pt ..... ........ 2041595 311211AYWV 2041500 ...... .......... 2041500

311211D pt 20343 pt ........ .......... 20343 pt

311211D pt 20416 ........ ............ 20416 311211D111 pt 2034338 ..... .......... 2034339 pt

311211D111 pt 2041613 ..... .......... 2041613 311211D121 2041627 ....... .......... 2041627 311211DYWV pt 2034300 pt .... ........ 2034300 pt

311211DYWV pt 2041600 .... .......... 2041600

311211W pt 20340 pt ........ .......... 20340 pt

311211W pt 20410 ........ ............ 20410

311211WYWW pt 2034000 pt ... ........ 2034000 pt

311211WYWW pt 2041000 ... .......... 2041000

311211WYWY pt 2034002 pt ... ........ 2034002 pt

311211WYWY pt 2041002 ... .......... 2041002

3112120 20440 ........... ............ 20440 3112120111 2044011 ....... .......... 2044011 3112120221 2044015 ....... .......... 2044015 3112120331 2044017 ....... .......... 2044017 3112120441 2044021 ....... .......... 2044021 3112120451 2044035 ....... .......... 2044035 3112120461 2044051 ....... .......... 2044051 3112120471 2044098 ....... .......... 2044098 3112120481 2044093 ....... .......... 2044093 3112120YWW 2044000 ...... .......... 2044000 3112120YWY 2044002 ...... .......... 2044002

3112130 20830 ........... ............ 20830 3112130100 2083000 pt ....... ........ 2083000 pt

3112130YWW 2083000 pt ...... ........ 2083000 pt 3112130YWY 2083002 ...... .......... 2083002

3112211 20461 ........... ............ 20461

3112211111 2046103 ....... .......... 2046103

3112211121 2046104 ....... .......... 2046104

3112211131 pt 2046114 pt ..... ........ 2046113

3112211131 pt 2046114 pt ..... ........ 2046116

3112211141 2046118 ....... .......... 2046118

3112211251 2046123 ....... .......... 2046123

3112211261 2046125 ....... .......... 2046125

3112211371 2046129 ....... .......... 2046129

3112211YWV 2046100 ...... .......... 2046100

3112214 20462 ........... ............ 20462

3112214111 2046211 ....... .......... 2046211

3112214221 2046213 ....... .......... 2046213

3112214331 pt 2046218 pt ..... ........ 2046215

3112214331 pt 2046218 pt ..... ........ 2046217

3112214YWV 2046200 ...... .......... 2046200

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3112217 20463 ........... ............ 20463

3112217111 2046353 ....... .......... 2046353

3112217121 2046354 ....... .......... 2046354

3112217131 2046356 ....... .......... 2046356

3112217141 2046359 ....... .......... 2046359

3112217YWV 2046300 ...... .......... 2046300

311221A 20464 ........... ............ 20464

311221A111 2046462 ....... .......... 2046462

311221A221 2046465 ....... .......... 2046465

311221A231 2046472 ....... .......... 2046472

311221A241 2046475 ....... .......... 2046475

311221AYWV 2046400 ...... .......... 2046400

311221W 20460 .......... ............ 20460

311221WYWW 2046000 ..... .......... 2046000

311221WYWY 2046002 ..... .......... 2046002

3112221 20751 ........... ............ 20751

3112221111 2075113 ....... .......... 2075113

3112221221 2075115 ....... .......... 2075115

3112221231 2075121 ....... .......... 2075121

3112221241 2075131 ....... .......... 2075131

3112221YWV 2075100 ...... .......... 2075100

3112224 20752 pt ........... .......... 20752 pt 3112224111 2075211 ....... .......... 2075211 3112224221 2075231 ....... .......... 2075231 3112224231 2075251 ....... .......... 2075251 3112224241 2075261 ....... .......... 2075261 3112224261 2075297 ....... .......... 2075297 3112224YWV 2075200 pt ...... ........ 2075200 pt

311222W 20750 pt .......... .......... 20750 pt

311222WYWW 2075000 pt ..... ........ 2075000 pt

311222WYWY 2075002 pt ..... ........ 2075002 pt

3112231 20741 ........... ............ 20741

3112231100 2074100 ....... .......... 2074100

3112234 20742 ........... ............ 20742 3112234100 2074200 ....... .......... 2074200

3112237 20743 ........... ............ 20743 3112237100 2074300 ....... .......... 2074300

311223A 20744 pt ........... .......... 20744 pt 311223A111 2074414 ....... .......... 2074414 311223A221 2074451 ....... .......... 2074451 311223A231 2074498 ....... .......... 2074498 311223AYWV 2074400 pt ...... ........ 2074400 pt

311223D 20761 .......... ............ 20761

311223D111 2076113 ....... .......... 2076113

311223D121 2076133 ....... .......... 2076133

311223DYWV 2076100 ...... .......... 2076100

311223G 20762 .......... ............ 20762 311223G111 2076223 ....... .......... 2076223 311223G121 2076252 ....... .......... 2076252 311223G131 2076257 ....... .......... 2076257 311223G141 2076262 ....... .......... 2076262 311223G151 2076263 ....... .......... 2076263 311223G161 2076264 ....... .......... 2076264 311223G171 2076265 ....... .......... 2076265 311223G181 2076268 ....... .......... 2076268

311223G191 2076273 ....... .......... 2076273

311223GYWV 2076200 ...... .......... 2076200

311223J 20763 pt ........... .......... 20763 pt

311223J111 2076311 ........ .......... 2076311

311223J121 2076351 ........ .......... 2076351

311223J131 2076361 ........ .......... 2076361

311223J141 2076397 ........ .......... 2076397

311223JYWV 2076300 pt ...... ........ 2076300 pt

311223W pt 20740 pt ........ .......... 20740 pt

311223W pt 20760 pt ........ .......... 20760 pt

311223WYWW pt 2074000 pt ... ........ 2074000 pt

311223WYWW pt 2076000 pt ... ........ 2076000 pt

311223WYWY pt 2074002 pt ... ........ 2074002 pt

311223WYWY pt 2076002 pt ... ........ 2076002 pt

3112251 pt 20744 pt ......... .......... 20744 pt

3112251 pt 20752 pt ......... .......... 20752 pt

3112251 pt 20763 pt ......... .......... 20763 pt

3112251 pt 20773 pt ......... .......... 20773 pt

3112251 pt 20791 ......... ............ 20791 3112251111 2079113 ....... .......... 2079113

3112251221 2079115 ....... .......... 2079115

3112251331 2079142 ....... .......... 2079142

3112251441 2079151 ....... .......... 2079151

3112251551 2079152 ....... .......... 2079152

3112251561 2079153 ....... .......... 2079153

3112251571 2079154 ....... .......... 2079154

3112251581 2079159 ....... .......... 2079159

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX G G–1

U.S. Census Bureau
1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3112251591 2079171 ....... .......... 2079171

31122515A1 2079183 ....... .......... 2079183

31122515B1 2079185 ....... .......... 2079185

31122515C1 2079198 ....... .......... 2079198

31122515D1 2077313 ....... .......... 2077311 pt

3112251701 2074499 ....... .......... 2074499

3112251706 2075299 ....... .......... 2075299

3112251711 2076391 ....... .......... 2076391

3112251721 2076394 ....... .......... 2076394

3112251731 2076395 ....... .......... 2076395

3112251741 2076396 ....... .......... 2076396

3112251751 2076398 ....... .......... 2076398

3112251YWV pt 2074400 pt .... ........ 2074400 pt

3112251YWV pt 2075200 pt .... ........ 2075200 pt

3112251YWV pt 2076300 pt .... ........ 2076300 pt

3112251YWV pt 2077300 pt .... ........ 2077300 pt

3112251YWV pt 2079100 .... .......... 2079100

3112254 20792 ........... ............ 20792 3112254100 2079200 ....... .......... 2079200

311225W pt 20740 pt ........ .......... 20740 pt

311225W pt 20750 pt ........ .......... 20750 pt

311225W pt 20760 pt ........ .......... 20760 pt

311225W pt 20770 pt ........ .......... 20770 pt

311225W pt 20790 ........ ............ 20790 311225WYWW pt 2074000 pt ... ........ 2074000 pt

311225WYWW pt 2075000 pt ... ........ 2075000 pt

311225WYWW pt 2076000 pt ... ........ 2076000 pt

311225WYWW pt 2077000 pt ... ........ 2077000 pt

311225WYWW pt 2079000 ... .......... 2079000

311225WYWY pt 2074002 pt ... ........ 2074002 pt

311225WYWY pt 2075002 pt ... ........ 2075002 pt

311225WYWY pt 2076002 pt ... ........ 2076002 pt

311225WYWY pt 2077002 pt ... ........ 2077002 pt

311225WYWY pt 2079002 ... .......... 2079002

3112301 20431 ........... ............ 20431

3112301111 2043101 ....... .......... 2043101

3112301121 2043103 ....... .......... 2043103

3112301231 2043105 ....... .......... 2043105

3112301241 2043107 ....... .......... 2043107

3112301351 2043109 ....... .......... 2043109

3112301361 2043111 ....... .......... 2043111

3112301471 2043113 ....... .......... 2043113

3112301481 2043116 ....... .......... 2043116

3112301591 2043118 ....... .......... 2043118

31123015A1 2043119 ....... .......... 2043119

3112301YWV 2043100 ...... .......... 2043100

3112304 20432 pt ........... .......... 20432 pt 3112304111 2043201 ....... .......... 2043201 3112304121 2043203 ....... .......... 2043203 3112304131 2043205 ....... .......... 2043205

3112304141 2043207 ....... .......... 2043207

3112304151 2043213 ....... .......... 2043209 pt

3112304YWV 2043200 pt ...... ........ 2043200 pt

311230W 20430 pt .......... .......... 20430 pt

311230WYWW 2043000 pt ..... ........ 2043000 pt

311230WYWY 2043002 pt ..... ........ 2043002 pt

3113110 20610 ........... ............ 20610

3113110111 2061011 ....... .......... 2061011

3113110221 2061065 ....... .......... 2061065

3113110231 2061085 ....... .......... 2061085

3113110YWW 2061000 ...... .......... 2061000

3113110YWY 2061002 ...... .......... 2061002

3113120 20620 ........... ............ 20620

3113120111 2062009 ....... .......... 2062009

3113120221 2062012 ....... .......... 2062012

3113120331 2062014 ....... .......... 2062014

3113120441 2062015 ....... .......... 2062015

3113120551 2062031 ....... .......... 2062031

3113120561 2062035 ....... .......... 2062035

3113120571 2062041 ....... .......... 2062041

3113120581 2062045 ....... .......... 2062045

3113120591 2062053 ....... .......... 2062053

31131205A1 2062056 ....... .......... 2062056

31131205B1 2062075 ....... .......... 2062075 3113120YWW 2062000 ...... .......... 2062000 3113120YWY 2062002 ...... .......... 2062002

3113130 20630 ........... ............ 20630

3113130111 2063009 ....... .......... 2063009

3113130221 2063012 ....... .......... 2063012

3113130331 2063013 ....... .......... 2063013

3113130441 2063015 ....... .......... 2063015

3113130551 2063033 ....... .......... 2063033

3113130561 2063035 ....... .......... 2063035

3113130671 pt 2063053 pt ..... ........ 2063051

3113130671 pt 2063053 pt ..... ........ 2063055

3113130781 2063076 ....... .......... 2063076

3113130791 2063082 ....... .......... 2063082

31131308A1 2063084 ....... .......... 2063084

31131309B1 2063091 ....... .......... 2063091

3113130YWW 2063000 ...... .......... 2063000

3113130YWY 2063002 ...... .......... 2063002

3113201 20661 ........... ............ 20661 3113201111 2066122 ....... .......... 2066122

3113201221 2066112 ....... .......... 2066112

3113201231 2066132 ....... .......... 2066132

3113201341 2066152 ....... .......... 2066152

3113201YWV 2066100 ...... .......... 2066100

3113204 20662 ........... ............ 20662

3113204000 2066200 ....... .......... 2066200

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3113207 20669 ........... ............ 20669

3113207111 2066921 ....... .......... 2066921

3113207221 2066911 ....... .......... 2066911

3113207231 2066971 ....... .......... 2066971

3113207241 2066975 ....... .......... 2066975

3113207251 2066963 ....... .......... 2066963

3113207360 2066981 ....... .......... 2066981

3113207371 2066992 ....... .......... 2066992

3113207381 2066993 ....... .......... 2066993

3113207391 2066995 ....... .......... 2066995

3113207YWV 2066900 ...... .......... 2066900

311320W 20660 .......... ............ 20660

311320WYWW 2066000 ..... .......... 2066000

311320WYWY 2066002 ..... .......... 2066002

3113301 20642 ........... ............ 20642

3113301000 2064200 ....... .......... 2064200

3113302 54410 pt ........... .......... 54410 pt

3113302000 5441011 ....... .......... 5441000 pt

311330W pt 20640 pt ........ .......... 20640 pt

311330W pt 54410 pt ........ .......... 54410 pt

311330WYWW pt 2064000 pt ... ........ 2064000 pt

311330WYWW pt 5441000 pt ... ........ 5441000 pt

311330WYWY pt 2064002 pt ... ........ 2064002 pt

311330WYWY pt 5441002 pt ... ........ 5441000 pt

3113401 20643 ........... ............ 20643

3113401000 2064300 ....... .......... 2064300

3113402 54410 pt ........... .......... 54410 pt

3113402000 5441015 ....... .......... 5441000 pt

3113404 20648 ........... ............ 20648

3113404110 2064811 ....... .......... 2064811

3113404320 2064814 ....... .......... 2064814

3113404530 2064815 ....... .......... 2064815

3113404YWV 2064800 ...... .......... 2064800

3113407 pt 20649 ......... ............ 20649

3113407 pt 2099G pt ......... .......... 2099G pt

3113407221 2064976 ....... .......... 2064976

3113407231 2099G95 ....... .......... 2099G98 pt

3113407241 2064921 ....... .......... 2064921

3113407YWV pt 2064900 .... .......... 2064900

3113407YWV pt 2099G00 pt .... ....... 2099G00 pt

311340W pt 20640 pt ........ .......... 20640 pt

311340W pt 20990 pt ........ .......... 20990 pt

311340W pt 54410 pt ........ .......... 54410 pt

311340WYWW pt 2064000 pt ... ........ 2064000 pt

311340WYWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

311340WYWW pt 5441000 pt ... ........ 5441000 pt

311340WYWY pt 2064002 pt ... ........ 2064002 pt

311340WYWY pt 2099002 pt ... ........ 2099002 pt

311340WYWY pt 5441002 pt ... ........ 5441000 pt

3114111 20371 ........... ............ 20371

3114111111 2037135 ....... .......... 2037135

3114111121 2037141 ....... .......... 2037141

3114111131 2037155 ....... .......... 2037155

3114111141 2037157 ....... .......... 2037157

3114111151 2037161 ....... .......... 2037161

3114111261 2037162 ....... .......... 2037162

3114111371 2037165 ....... .......... 2037165

3114111481 2037166 ....... .......... 2037166

3114111491 2037168 ....... .......... 2037168

31141115A1 2037169 ....... .......... 2037169

31141116B1 2037170 ....... .......... 2037170

31141116C1 2037172 ....... .......... 2037172

31141116D1 2037174 ....... .......... 2037174

31141116E1 2037180 ....... .......... 2037180

31141116F1 2037183 ....... .......... 2037183

31141116G1 2037185 ....... .......... 2037185

31141116H1 2037186 ....... .......... 2037186

31141116J1 2037187 ........ .......... 2037187

31141116K1 2037194 ....... .......... 2037194

31141116L1 2037197 ....... .......... 2037197

3114111YWV 2037100 ...... .......... 2037100

3114114 20372 ........... ............ 20372

3114114111 2037211 ....... .......... 2037211

3114114121 2037213 ....... .......... 2037213

3114114131 2037221 ....... .......... 2037221

3114114141 2037225 ....... .......... 2037225

3114114151 2037231 ....... .......... 2037231

3114114161 2037233 ....... .......... 2037233

3114114171 2037235 ....... .......... 2037235

3114114181 2037241 ....... .......... 2037241

3114114191 2037242 ....... .......... 2037242

31141142A1 2037245 ....... .......... 2037245

31141143B1 2037248 ....... .......... 2037248

31141144C1 2037249 ....... .......... 2037249

31141145D1 2037253 ....... .......... 2037253

31141145E1 2037255 ....... .......... 2037255

31141146F1 2037261 ....... .......... 2037261

31141146G1 2037263 ....... .......... 2037263

31141146H1 2037269 ....... .......... 2037269

3114114YWV 2037200 ...... .......... 2037200

311411W 20370 .......... ............ 20370

311411WYWW 2037000 ..... .......... 2037000

311411WYWY 2037002 ..... .......... 2037002

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3114121 20382 ........... ............ 20382

3114121111 2038211 ....... .......... 2038211

3114121221 2038213 ....... .......... 2038213

3114121331 2038215 ....... .......... 2038215

3114121341 2038219 ....... .......... 2038219

3114121451 2038221 ....... .......... 2038221

3114121561 2038223 ....... .......... 2038223

3114121671 2038240 ....... .......... 2038240

3114121781 2038228 ....... .......... 2038228

3114121791 2038231 ....... .......... 2038231

31141217A1 2038235 ....... .......... 2038235

31141217B1 2038237 ....... .......... 2038237

31141217C1 2038238 ....... .......... 2038238

31141217D1 2038239 ....... .......... 2038239

31141217E1 2038247 ....... .......... 2038247

31141217F1 pt 2038250 pt ..... ........ 2038243

31141217F1 pt 2038250 pt ..... ........ 2038245

31141217F1 pt 2038250 pt ..... ........ 2038249

3114121YWV 2038200 ...... .......... 2038200

3114124 20384 ........... ............ 20384

3114124111 2038451 ....... .......... 2038451

3114124221 2038459 ....... .......... 2038459

3114124331 2038463 ....... .......... 2038463

3114124441 2038469 ....... .......... 2038469

3114124YWV 2038400 ...... .......... 2038400

311412W 20380 .......... ............ 20380

311412WYWW 2038000 ..... .......... 2038000

311412WYWY 2038002 ..... .......... 2038002

3114211 20331 ........... ............ 20331

3114211111 2033112 ....... .......... 2033112

3114211121 2033113 ....... .......... 2033113

3114211131 2033115 ....... .......... 2033115

3114211141 2033122 ....... .......... 2033122

3114211151 2033124 ....... .......... 2033124

3114211161 2033128 ....... .......... 2033128

3114211171 2033132 ....... .......... 2033132

3114211181 2033134 ....... .......... 2033134

3114211191 2033136 ....... .......... 2033136

31142111A1 2033138 ....... .......... 2033138

31142111B1 2033141 ....... .......... 2033141

31142111C1 2033157 ....... .......... 2033157

31142111D1 2033159 ....... .......... 2033159

31142111E1 2033161 ....... .......... 2033161

31142111F1 2033163 ....... .......... 2033163

31142111G1 2033165 ....... .......... 2033165

31142111H1 2033169 ....... .......... 2033169

3114211YWV 2033100 ...... .......... 2033100

3114214 20332 ........... ............ 20332

3114214111 2033203 ....... .......... 2033203

3114214121 2033205 ....... .......... 2033205

3114214131 2033215 ....... .......... 2033215

3114214141 2033235 ....... .......... 2033235

3114214151 2033237 ....... .......... 2033237

3114214161 2033239 ....... .......... 2033239

3114214171 2033253 ....... .......... 2033253

3114214181 2033255 ....... .......... 2033255

3114214191 2033274 ....... .......... 2033274

31142141A1 2033275 ....... .......... 2033275

31142141B1 2033276 ....... .......... 2033276

31142141C1 2033291 ....... .......... 2033291

31142141D1 2033293 ....... .......... 2033293

31142141E1 2033294 ....... .......... 2033294

31142141F1 2033295 ....... .......... 2033295

31142141G1 2033297 ....... .......... 2033297

31142141H1 2033298 ....... .......... 2033298

3114214YWV 2033200 ...... .......... 2033200

3114217 20333 ........... ............ 20333

3114217111 2033315 ....... .......... 2033315

3114217121 2033321 ....... .......... 2033321

3114217YWV 2033300 ...... .......... 2033300

311421A 20335 ........... ............ 20335

311421A111 2033515 ....... .......... 2033515

311421A121 2033598 ....... .......... 2033598

311421AYWV 2033500 ...... .......... 2033500

311421D 20336 .......... ............ 20336

311421D111 2033632 ....... .......... 2033631 pt

311421D221 2033614 ....... .......... 2033614

311421D231 2033615 ....... .......... 2033615

311421D241 2033622 ....... .......... 2033622

311421D251 2033623 ....... .......... 2033623

311421D261 2033651 ....... .......... 2033651

311421D271 2033655 ....... .......... 2033655

311421D281 2033667 ....... .......... 2033667

311421D291 2033691 ....... .......... 2033691

311421D3A1 2033658 ....... .......... 2033631 pt

311421D3B1 2033659 ....... .......... 2033631 pt

311421D3C1 2033660 ....... .......... 2033631 pt

311421DYWV 2033600 ...... .......... 2033600

311421G 20338 .......... ............ 20338

311421G111 2033811 ....... .......... 2033811

311421G121 2033812 ....... .......... 2033812

311421G131 2033813 ....... .......... 2033813 pt

311421G141 2033821 ....... .......... 2033821

311421G151 2033825 ....... .......... 2033825

311421G161 2033828 ....... .......... 2033813 pt

311421G171 2033831 ....... .......... 2033831

311421G181 2033841 ....... .......... 2033841

311421G191 2033851 ....... .......... 2033851

311421G1A1 2033861 ....... .......... 2033861

311421GYWV 2033800 ...... .......... 2033800

G–2 APPENDIX G MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES

U.S. Census Bureau
1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

311421J 2033A ........... ............ 2033A

311421J111 2033A25 ........ .......... 2033A25

311421J221 2033A11 ........ .......... 2033A11

311421J231 2033A31 ........ .......... 2033A31

311421J241 2033A41 ........ .......... 2033A41

311421J251 2033A78 ........ .......... 2033A78

311421J261 2033A93 ........ .......... 2033A93

311421J271 2033A94 ........ .......... 2033A94

311421JYWV 2033A00 ...... .......... 2033A00

311421M 2033B .......... ............ 2033B

311421M111 2033B12 ....... .......... 2033B12

311421M121 2033B19 ....... .......... 2033B19

311421M131 2033B21 ....... .......... 2033B21

311421MYWV 2033B00 ...... .......... 2033B00

311421P 20352 ........... ............ 20352

311421P111 2035211 ....... .......... 2035211

311421P121 2035213 ....... .......... 2035213

311421P131 2035215 ....... .......... 2035215 311421P141 2035219 ....... .......... 2035219 311421P151 2035221 ....... .......... 2035221 311421P161 2035231 ....... .......... 2035231 311421P171 2035233 ....... .......... 2035233 311421P181 2035235 ....... .......... 2035235 311421P191 2035239 ....... .......... 2035239 311421P1A1 2035271 ....... .......... 2035271 311421P1B1 2035275 ....... .......... 2035275 311421P1C1 2035298 ....... .......... 2035298 311421PYWV 2035200 ...... .......... 2035200

311421W pt 20330 ........ ............ 20330

311421W pt 20350 pt ........ .......... 20350 pt

311421WYWW pt 2033000 ... .......... 2033000 311421WYWW pt 2035000 pt ... ........ 2035000 pt

311421WYWY pt 2033002 ... .......... 2033002 311421WYWY pt 2035002 pt ... ........ 2035002 pt

3114221 20321 ........... ............ 20321

3114221100 2032100 ....... .......... 2032100

3114224 20322 ........... ............ 20322

3114224100 2032200 ....... .......... 2032200

3114227 20323 ........... ............ 20323 3114227111 2032370 ....... .......... 2032370 3114227121 2032371 ....... .......... 2032371 3114227131 2032375 ....... .......... 2032375 3114227141 2032376 ....... .......... 2032376 3114227151 2032379 ....... .......... 2032379 3114227161 2032382 ....... .......... 2032382 3114227171 2032384 ....... .......... 2032384 3114227181 2032386 ....... .......... 2032386 3114227191 2032391 ....... .......... 2032391 3114227YWV 2032300 ...... .......... 2032300

311422A 20324 pt ........... .......... 20324 pt

311422A111 pt 2032464 pt ..... ........ 2032463

311422A111 pt 2032464 pt ..... ........ 2032494

311422A121 2032491 ....... .......... 2032491

311422A131 2032493 ....... .......... 2032493

311422A136 2032471 ....... .......... 2032499 pt

311422A141 pt 2032498 pt ..... ........ 2032468

311422A141 pt 2032498 pt ..... ........ 2032496 311422A141 pt 2032498 pt ..... ........ 2032497

311422A141 pt 2032498 pt ..... ........ 2032499 pt

311422AYWV 2032400 pt ...... ........ 2032400 pt

311422W 20320 pt .......... .......... 20320 pt

311422WYWW 2032000 pt ..... ........ 2032000 pt

311422WYWY 2032002 pt ..... ........ 2032002 pt

3114231 pt 20342 ......... ............ 20342

3114231 pt 2099B pt ......... .......... 2099B pt

3114231111 2034200 ....... .......... 2034200

3114231121 2099B17 ....... .......... 2099B19 pt

3114231YWV 2099B00 pt ...... ........ 2099B00 pt

3114234 20343 pt ........... .......... 20343 pt

3114234111 2034313 ....... .......... 2034313

3114234121 2034315 ....... .......... 2034315

3114234131 2034321 ....... .......... 2034321

3114234141 2034325 ....... .......... 2034325

3114234151 2034332 ....... .......... 2034332

3114234161 2034337 ....... .......... 2034337

3114234181 2034340 ....... .......... 2034339 pt

3114234YWV 2034300 pt ...... ........ 2034300 pt

311423W pt 20340 pt ........ .......... 20340 pt

311423W pt 20990 pt ........ .......... 20990 pt

311423WYWW pt 2034000 pt ... ........ 2034000 pt

311423WYWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

311423WYWY pt 2034002 pt ... ........ 2034002 pt

311423WYWY pt 2099002 pt ... ........ 2099002 pt

3115111 20261 ........... ............ 20261

3115111111 2026112 ....... .......... 2026112

3115111221 2026115 ....... .......... 2026115

3115111231 2026116 ....... .......... 2026116

3115111241 2026119 ....... .......... 2026119

3115111YWV 2026100 ...... .......... 2026100

3115114 20262 ........... ............ 20262

3115114111 2026212 ....... .......... 2026212

3115114221 2026223 ....... .......... 2026223

3115114331 2026225 ....... .......... 2026225

3115114441 2026232 ....... .......... 2026232

3115114451 2026243 ....... .......... 2026243

3115114461 2026245 ....... .......... 2026245

3115114471 2026252 ....... .......... 2026252

3115114481 2026263 ....... .......... 2026263

3115114YWV 2026200 ...... .......... 2026200

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3115117 20263 ........... ............ 20263

3115117111 2026313 ....... .......... 2026313

3115117121 2026316 ....... .......... 2026316

3115117131 2026318 ....... .......... 2026318

3115117YWV 2026300 ...... .......... 2026300

311511A 20265 ........... ............ 20265 311511A111 2026502 ....... .......... 2026500 pt 311511A121 2026504 ....... .......... 2026500 pt 311511AYWV 2026500 ...... .......... 2026500 pt

311511D 20267 .......... ............ 20267

311511D111 2026711 ....... .......... 2026711

311511D121 2026713 ....... .......... 2026713

311511D131 2026714 ....... .......... 2026714

311511D141 2026716 ....... .......... 2026716

311511D151 2026717 ....... .......... 2026717

311511D161 2026718 ....... .......... 2026718

311511DYWV 2026700 ...... .......... 2026700

311511G 20268 .......... ............ 20268 311511G111 2026813 ....... .......... 2026813 311511G121 2026815 ....... .......... 2026815 311511G131 2026819 ....... .......... 2026819 311511GYWV 2026800 ...... .......... 2026800

311511W 20260 .......... ............ 20260

311511WYWW 2026000 ..... .......... 2026000

311511WYWY 2026002 ..... .......... 2026002

3115120 20210 ........... ............ 20210 3115120111 2021013 ....... .......... 2021013

3115120121 2021015 ....... .......... 2021015

3115120131 2021021 ....... .......... 2021021

3115120YWW 2021000 ...... .......... 2021000

3115120YWY 2021002 ...... .......... 2021002

3115131 20223 ........... ............ 20223

3115131111 2022303 ....... .......... 2022301 pt

3115131121 2022304 ....... .......... 2022302 pt

3115131131 2022305 ....... .......... 2022301 pt

3115131141 2022306 ....... .......... 2022302 pt

3115131YWV 2022300 ...... .......... 2022300

3115134 20224 ........... ............ 20224

3115134111 2022411 ....... .......... 2022411

3115134221 2022413 ....... .......... 2022413

3115134231 2022423 ....... .......... 2022423

3115134241 2022425 ....... .......... 2022425

3115134251 2022429 ....... .......... 2022429

3115134YWV 2022400 ...... .......... 2022400

3115137 20225 ........... ............ 20225 3115137111 2022511 ....... .......... 2022511 3115137121 2022521 ....... .......... 2022521 3115137YWV 2022500 ...... .......... 2022500

311513A 20226 ........... ............ 20220 pt

311513A100 2022600 ....... .......... 2022000 pt

311513W 20220 .......... ............ 20220 pt

311513WYWW 2022000 ..... .......... 2022000 pt

311513WYWY 2022002 ..... .......... 2022002

3115141 20235 ........... ............ 20235

3115141111 2023511 ....... .......... 2023511

3115141221 2023522 ....... .......... 2023522

3115141331 2023529 ....... .......... 2023529

3115141441 2023542 ....... .......... 2023542

3115141551 2023543 ....... .......... 2023543

3115141661 2023545 ....... .......... 2023545

3115141671 2023546 ....... .......... 2023547 pt

3115141681 2023548 ....... .......... 2023547 pt

3115141791 2023549 ....... .......... 2023549

31151418A1 2023551 ....... .......... 2023551

3115141YWV 2023500 ...... .......... 2023500

3115144 20236 ........... ............ 20236

3115144111 2023612 ....... .......... 2023612

3115144121 2023616 ....... .......... 2023616

3115144131 2023621 ....... .......... 2023621

3115144241 2023626 ....... .......... 2023626

3115144351 2023628 ....... .......... 2023628

3115144YWV 2023600 ...... .......... 2023600

3115147 20237 ........... ............ 20237

3115147111 2023712 ....... .......... 2023712

3115147121 2023717 ....... .......... 2023717

3115147131 2023719 ....... .......... 2023719

3115147YWV 2023700 ...... .......... 2023700

311514A 20238 ........... ............ 20238

311514A111 2023801 ....... .......... 2023801

311514A121 2023803 ....... .......... 2023803

311514A131 2023804 ....... .......... 2023819 pt

311514A241 2023805 ....... .......... 2023805

311514A251 2023807 ....... .......... 2023807

311514A261 2023813 ....... .......... 2023813

311514A271 2023821 ....... .......... 2023819 pt

311514AYWV 2023800 ...... .......... 2023800

311514D 20239 .......... ............ 20239

311514D111 2023921 ....... .......... 2023921

311514D121 2023923 ....... .......... 2023923

311514D131 2023925 ....... .......... 2023925

311514D141 2023928 ....... .......... 2023928

311514D151 2023932 ....... .......... 2023932

311514D161 2023938 ....... .......... 2023938

311514DYWV 2023900 ...... .......... 2023900

311514W 20230 .......... ............ 20230

311514WYWW 2023000 ..... .......... 2023000

311514WYWY 2023002 ..... .......... 2023002

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3115200 20240 ........... ............ 20240

3115200111 2024014 ....... .......... 2024014

3115200221 2024015 ....... .......... 2024015

3115200331 2024016 ....... .......... 2024016

3115200441 2024021 ....... .......... 2024021

3115200451 2024022 ....... .......... 2024022

3115200461 2024023 ....... .......... 2024023

3115200471 2024025 ....... .......... 2024099 pt

3115200481 2024026 ....... .......... 2024099 pt

3115200491 2024027 ....... .......... 2024099 pt

31152005A1 2024035 ....... .......... 2024031 pt

31152005B1 2024037 ....... .......... 2024031 pt

31152005C1 2024094 ....... .......... 2024094

31152005D1 2024096 ....... .......... 2024096

31152005E1 2024052 ....... .......... 2024052

31152005F1 2024054 ....... .......... 2024054

31152005G1 2024071 ....... .......... 2024071

31152005H1 2024098 ....... .......... 2024099 pt

3115200YWW 2024000 ...... .......... 2024000

3115200YWY 2024002 ...... .......... 2024002

3116111 20111 ........... ............ 20111 3116111111 2011112 ....... .......... 2011112 3116111221 2011114 ....... .......... 2011114 3116111331 2011116 ....... .......... 2011116 3116111441 2011118 ....... .......... 2011118 3116111551 2011131 ....... .......... 2011131 3116111661 2011151 ....... .......... 2011151 3116111671 2011171 ....... .......... 2011171 3116111YWV 2011100 ...... .......... 2011100

3116114 20112 ........... ............ 20112

3116114111 2011212 ....... .......... 2011212

3116114121 2011217 ....... .......... 2011217

3116114131 2011261 ....... .......... 2011261

3116114YWV 2011200 ...... .......... 2011200

3116117 20113 ........... ............ 20113 3116117111 2011312 ....... .......... 2011312 3116117121 2011352 ....... .......... 2011352 3116117YWV 2011300 ...... .......... 2011300

311611A 20114 ........... ............ 20114

311611A111 2011412 ....... .......... 2011412

311611A121 2011417 ....... .......... 2011417

311611A131 2011451 ....... .......... 2011451

311611AYWV 2011400 ...... .......... 2011400

311611D 20115 .......... ............ 20115

311611D111 2011513 ....... .......... 2011513

311611D121 2011517 ....... .......... 2011517

311611DYWV 2011500 ...... .......... 2011500

311611G 20116 .......... ............ 20116 311611G111 2011612 ....... .......... 2011612 311611G121 2011622 ....... .......... 2011622 311611G131 2011631 ....... .......... 2011631 311611G141 2011635 ....... .......... 2011635

311611G151 2011641 ....... .......... 2011641

311611G161 2011652 ....... .......... 2011652

311611G171 2011661 ....... .......... 2011661

311611GYWV 2011600 ...... .......... 2011600

311611J 20117 ........... ............ 20117 311611J111 2011711 ........ .......... 2011711

311611J121 2011717 ........ .......... 2011717

311611J131 2011721 ........ .......... 2011721

311611J141 2011735 ........ .......... 2011735

311611J151 2011791 ........ .......... 2011791

311611JYWV 2011700 ...... .......... 2011700

311611M 20118 .......... ............ 20118

311611M100 2011800 ....... .......... 2011800

311611P 20119 ........... ............ 20119

311611P111 2011914 ....... .......... 2011914

311611P121 2011922 ....... .......... 2011922

311611P131 2011951 ....... .......... 2011951

311611P141 2011997 ....... .......... 2011997

311611PYWV 2011900 ...... .......... 2011900

311611T pt 2011B ........ ............ 2011B

311611T pt 20489 pt ........ .......... 20489 pt

311611T111 2011B15 ....... .......... 2011B15

311611T121 2011B17 ....... .......... 2011B17

311611T131 2011B41 ....... .......... 2011B41

311611T141 2011B45 ....... .......... 2011B45

311611T151 2011B55 ....... .......... 2011B55

311611T161 2011B59 ....... .......... 2011B59

311611T171 2048940 ....... .......... 2048941 pt

311611TYWV pt 2011B00 .... .......... 2011B00

311611TYWV pt 2048900 pt .... ........ 2048900 pt

311611W pt 20110 ........ ............ 20110

311611W pt 20480 pt ........ .......... 20480 pt

311611WYWW pt 2011000 ... .......... 2011000

311611WYWW pt 2048000 pt ... ........ 2048000 pt

311611WYWY pt 2011002 ... .......... 2011002

311611WYWY pt 2048002 pt ... ........ 2048002 pt

3116121 pt 20136 ......... ............ 20136

3116121 pt 20137 pt ......... .......... 20137 pt

3116121111 2013612 ....... .......... 2013612

3116121121 2013622 ....... .......... 2013622

3116121231 2013631 ....... .......... 2013631

3116121341 2013635 ....... .......... 2013635

3116121451 2013641 ....... .......... 2013641

3116121561 2013652 ....... .......... 2013652

3116121671 2013661 ....... .......... 2013661

3116121781 2013741 ....... .......... 2013741

3116121YWV pt 2013600 .... .......... 2013600

3116121YWV pt 2013700 pt .... ........ 2013700 pt

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX G G–3

U.S. Census Bureau
1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3116124 20137 pt ........... .......... 20137 pt

3116124111 2013711 ....... .......... 2013711

3116124221 2013717 ....... .......... 2013717

3116124331 2013721 ....... .......... 2013721

3116124441 2013735 ....... .......... 2013735

3116124451 2013791 ....... .......... 2013791

3116124YWV 2013700 pt ...... ........ 2013700 pt

3116127 20138 ........... ............ 20138

3116127100 2013800 ....... .......... 2013800

311612A pt 2013B ........ ............ 2013B

311612A pt 51470 pt ........ .......... 51470 pt

311612A111 5147009 ....... .......... 5147000 pt

311612A221 2013B11 ....... .......... 2013B11

311612A331 2013B13 ....... .......... 2013B13

311612A441 2013B17 ....... .......... 2013B17

311612A451 2013B18 ....... .......... 2013B18

311612A461 2013B21 ....... .......... 2013B21

311612AYWV pt 2013B00 .... .......... 2013B00

311612AYWV pt 5147000 pt .... ........ 5147000 pt

311612W pt 20130 ........ ............ 20130

311612W pt 51470 pt ........ .......... 51470 pt

311612WYWW pt 2013000 ... .......... 2013000

311612WYWW pt 5147000 pt ... ........ 5147000 pt

311612WYWY pt 2013002 ... .......... 2013002

311612WYWY pt 5147002 ... .......... 5147002

3116131 20771 ........... ............ 20771 3116131111 2077111 ....... .......... 2077111 3116131121 2077113 ....... .......... 2077113 3116131YWV 2077100 ...... .......... 2077100

3116134 pt 20772 ......... ............ 20772

3116134 pt 20773 pt ......... .......... 20773 pt

3116134111 2077211 ....... .......... 2077211

3116134221 2077212 ....... .......... 2077212

3116134231 2077237 ....... .......... 2077237

3116134241 2077298 ....... .......... 2077298

3116134251 2077346 ....... .......... 2077346

3116134261 2077312 ....... .......... 2077311 pt

3116134YWV pt 2077200 .... .......... 2077200

3116134YWV pt 2077300 pt .... ........ 2077300 pt

311613W 20770 pt .......... .......... 20770 pt

311613WYWW 2077000 pt ..... ........ 2077000 pt

311613WYWY 2077002 pt ..... ........ 2077002 pt

3116151 20151 ........... ............ 20151 3116151111 2015133 ....... .......... 2015133 3116151221 2015134 ....... .......... 2015134 3116151331 2015136 ....... .......... 2015136 3116151441 2015139 ....... .......... 2015139 3116151551 2015141 ....... .......... 2015141 3116151YWV 2015100 ...... .......... 2015100

3116154 20152 ........... ............ 20152

3116154111 2015221 ....... .......... 2015221

3116154121 2015223 ....... .......... 2015223

3116154YWV 2015200 ...... .......... 2015200

3116157 20153 ........... ............ 20153

3116157111 2015322 ....... .......... 2015322

3116157221 2015324 ....... .......... 2015324

3116157331 2015326 ....... .......... 2015326

3116157341 2015327 ....... .......... 2015327

3116157YWV 2015300 ...... .......... 2015300

311615A 20154 ........... ............ 20154

311615A111 2015414 ....... .......... 2015414

311615A121 2015416 ....... .......... 2015416

311615AYWV 2015400 ...... .......... 2015400

311615D 20155 .......... ............ 20155

311615D111 pt 2015512 pt ..... ........ 2015511

311615D111 pt 2015512 pt ..... ........ 2015513

311615D111 pt 2015512 pt ..... ........ 2015515

311615D121 2015531 ....... .......... 2015531

311615D131 2015532 ....... .......... 2015532

311615D141 2015533 ....... .......... 2015533

311615D151 2015534 ....... .......... 2015534

311615D161 2015539 ....... .......... 2015539

311615D171 2015548 ....... .......... 2015548

311615DYWV 2015500 ...... .......... 2015500

311615W 20150 pt .......... .......... 20150 pt

311615WYWW 2015000 pt ..... ........ 2015000 pt

311615WYWY 2015002 pt ..... ........ 2015002 pt

3117110 pt 20770 pt ......... .......... 20770 pt

3117110 pt 20773 pt ......... .......... 20773 pt

3117110 pt 20910 ......... ............ 20910

3117110111 2091012 ....... .......... 2091012

3117110221 2091013 ....... .......... 2091013

3117110331 2091014 ....... .......... 2091014

3117110341 2091015 ....... .......... 2091015

3117110351 2091016 ....... .......... 2091016

3117110461 2077362 ....... .......... 2077361 pt

3117110471 2077364 ....... .......... 2077366 pt

3117110481 2077371 ....... .......... 2077379 pt

3117110591 2091019 ....... .......... 2091019

31171106A1 2091031 ....... .......... 2091031

31171107B1 2091051 ....... .......... 2091051

31171107C1 2091071 ....... .......... 2091071

31171107D1 2091082 ....... .......... 2091082

31171107E1 2091089 ....... .......... 2091089

3117110YWW pt 2077000 pt ... ........ 2077000 pt

3117110YWW pt 2077300 pt ... ........ 2077300 pt

3117110YWW pt 2091000 ... .......... 2091000

3117110YWY pt 2077002 pt .... ........ 2077002 pt

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3117110YWY pt 2091002 .... .......... 2091002

3117121 20922 ........... ............ 20922

3117121111 2092201 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121121 2092202 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121131 2092203 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121141 2092204 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121151 2092207 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121161 2092208 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121171 2092209 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121181 2092210 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

3117121191 2092211 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

31171211A1 2092212 ....... .......... 2092213 pt

31171211B1 2092215 ....... .......... 2092215

31171211C1 2092217 ....... .......... 2092217

31171211D1 2092218 ....... .......... 2092218

31171211E1 2092219 ....... .......... 2092219

31171211F1 2092223 ....... .......... 2092223

31171211G1 2092224 ....... .......... 2092224 31171211H1 2092225 ....... .......... 2092225 31171211J1 2092226 ........ .......... 2092226 31171211K1 2092227 ....... .......... 2092227 31171211L1 2092228 ....... .......... 2092228 31171211M1 2092231 ....... .......... 2092231 3117121YWV 2092200 ...... .......... 2092200

3117122 20923 ........... ............ 20923

3117122111 2092311 ....... .......... 2092311

3117122221 2092313 ....... .......... 2092313

3117122331 2092315 ....... .......... 2092315

3117122441 2092317 ....... .......... 2092317

3117122451 2092319 ....... .......... 2092319

3117122461 2092321 ....... .......... 2092321

3117122471 2092323 ....... .......... 2092323

3117122581 2092325 ....... .......... 2092326 pt

3117122691 2092328 ....... .......... 2092327 pt

31171226A1 2092331 ....... .......... 2092329 pt

31171227B1 2092332 ....... .......... 2092326 pt

31171228C1 2092333 ....... .......... 2092327 pt 31171228D1 2092334 ....... .......... 2092329 pt 31171229E1 2092336 ....... .......... 2092326 pt 3117122AF1 2092338 ....... .......... 2092327 pt

3117122AG1 2092339 ....... .......... 2092329 pt 3117122YWV 2092300 ...... .......... 2092300

3117123 20925 ........... ............ 20925

3117123111 2092521 ....... .......... 2092521

3117123121 2092522 ....... .......... 2092522

3117123131 2092523 ....... .......... 2092523

3117123141 2092524 ....... .......... 2092524

3117123251 2092525 ....... .......... 2092525

3117123261 2092526 ....... .......... 2092526

3117123271 2092527 ....... .......... 2092527

3117123281 2092528 ....... .......... 2092528

3117123291 2092529 ....... .......... 2092529

31171232A1 2092530 ....... .......... 2092530

31171232B1 2092533 ....... .......... 2092533 31171232C1 2092534 ....... .......... 2092534 31171232D1 2092535 ....... .......... 2092535 31171232E1 2092536 ....... .......... 2092536 3117123YWV 2092500 ...... .......... 2092500

3117124 pt 20773 pt ......... .......... 20773 pt

3117124 pt 20926 ......... ............ 20926

3117124111 2092611 ....... .......... 2092611

3117124121 2092613 ....... .......... 2092613

3117124131 2092698 ....... .......... 2092698

3117124211 2077363 ....... .......... 2077361 pt

3117124221 2077367 ....... .......... 2077366 pt

3117124231 2077372 ....... .......... 2077379 pt

3117124311 2077314 ....... .......... 2077311 pt

3117124YWV pt 2077300 pt .... ........ 2077300 pt

3117124YWV pt 2092600 .... .......... 2092600

311712W pt 20770 pt ........ .......... 20770 pt

311712W pt 20920 ........ ............ 20920

311712WYWW pt 2077000 pt ... ........ 2077000 pt

311712WYWW pt 2092000 ... .......... 2092000

311712WYWY pt 2077002 pt ... ........ 2077002 pt

311712WYWY pt 2092002 ... .......... 2092002

3118110 54610 ........... ............ 54610 3118110111 5461011 ....... .......... 5461000 pt 3118110121 5461013 ....... .......... 5461000 pt 3118110131 5461015 ....... .......... 5461000 pt 3118110141 5461017 ....... .......... 5461000 pt

3118110151 5461019 ....... .......... 5461000 pt

3118110161 5461021 ....... .......... 5461000 pt

31181101V1 5461090 ....... .......... 5461000 pt

3118110YWW 5461000 ...... .......... 5461000 pt

3118110YWY 5461002 ...... .......... 5461000 pt

3118121 pt 20511 ......... ............ 20511

3118121 pt 20521 pt ......... .......... 20521 pt

3118121111 2051121 ....... .......... 2051121

3118121121 2051122 ....... .......... 2051122

3118121231 2051127 ....... .......... 2051127

3118121241 2051129 ....... .......... 2051129

3118121351 2051131 ....... .......... 2051131

3118121361 2051133 ....... .......... 2051133

3118121471 2051135 ....... .......... 2051135

3118121481 2051137 ....... .......... 2051137 3118121491 2052188 ....... .......... 2052198 pt 31181214A1 2052189 ....... .......... 2052198 pt

31181214G1 2051141 ....... .......... 2051141 31181214J1 2051142 ........ .......... 2051142 3118121YWV pt 2051100 .... .......... 2051100 3118121YWV pt 2052100 pt .... ........ 2052100 pt

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3118124 20512 ........... ............ 20512

3118124111 2051230 ....... .......... 2051230

3118124121 2051231 ....... .......... 2051231

3118124231 2051243 ....... .......... 2051243

3118124241 2051244 ....... .......... 2051244

3118124251 2051250 ....... .......... 2051250

3118124261 2051251 ....... .......... 2051251

3118124271 2051260 ....... .......... 2051260

3118124281 2051261 ....... .......... 2051261

3118124291 2051270 ....... .......... 2051270

31181242A1 2051271 ....... .......... 2051271

31181242B1 2051280 ....... .......... 2051280

31181242C1 2051281 ....... .......... 2051281

31181242D1 2051290 ....... .......... 2051290

31181242E1 2051291 ....... .......... 2051291

31181242F1 2051249 ....... .......... 2051249

3118124YWV 2051200 ...... .......... 2051200

3118127 20514 ........... ............ 20514 3118127111 2051413 ....... .......... 2051413 3118127121 2051415 ....... .......... 2051415 3118127131 2051419 ....... .......... 2051419 3118127YWV 2051400 ...... .......... 2051400

311812A 20515 ........... ............ 20515

311812A111 2051513 ....... .......... 2051513

311812A121 2051519 ....... .......... 2051519

311812AYWV 2051500 ...... .......... 2051500

311812D pt 20518 pt ........ .......... 20513

311812D pt 20518 pt ........ .......... 20516

311812D pt 20518 pt ........ .......... 20517 311812D111 2051813 ....... .......... 2051313 311812D131 2051845 ....... .......... 2051700

311812D151 2051850 ....... .......... 2051600

311812D181 2051890 ....... .......... 2051398 pt

311812D191 2051892 ....... .......... 2051398 pt

311812DYWV 2051800 ...... .......... 2051300

311812W pt 20510 ........ ............ 20510

311812W pt 20520 pt ........ .......... 20520 pt

311812WYWW pt 2051000 ... .......... 2051000

311812WYWW pt 2052000 pt ... ........ 2052000 pt

311812WYWY pt 2051002 ... .......... 2051002

311812WYWY pt 2052002 pt ... ........ 2052002 pt

3118130 20530 ........... ............ 20530 3118130111 2053014 ....... .......... 2053014 3118130221 2053011 ....... .......... 2053011 3118130331 2053020 ....... .......... 2053020 3118130341 2053017 ....... .......... 2053017 3118130351 2053040 ....... .......... 2053040 3118130361 2053030 ....... .......... 2053025 pt 3118130371 2053032 ....... .......... 2053025 pt 3118130391 2053055 ....... .......... 2053050 pt 31181303V1 2053060 ....... .......... 2053050 pt 3118130YWW 2053000 ...... .......... 2053000 3118130YWY 2053002 ...... .......... 2053002

3118211 20521 pt ........... .......... 20521 pt

3118211111 2052125 ....... .......... 2052125

3118211221 2052135 ....... .......... 2052135

3118211331 2052123 ....... .......... 2052123

3118211341 2052133 ....... .......... 2052133

3118211351 2052159 ....... .......... 2052151 pt

3118211391 2052197 ....... .......... 2052198 pt

3118211YWV 2052100 pt ...... ........ 2052100 pt

3118214 20522 ........... ............ 20522

3118214111 2052213 ....... .......... 2052213

3118214221 2052217 ....... .......... 2052217

3118214331 2052215 ....... .......... 2052215

3118214341 2052216 ....... .......... 2052216

3118214351 2052218 ....... .......... 2052218

3118214361 2052220 ....... .......... 2052220

3118214371 2052221 ....... .......... 2052221

3118214381 2052235 ....... .......... 2052235

3118214391 2052231 ....... .......... 2052231

3118214YWV 2052200 ...... .......... 2052200

311821W 20520 pt .......... .......... 20520 pt

311821WYWW 2052000 pt ..... ........ 2052000 pt

311821WYWY 2052002 pt ..... ........ 2052002 pt

3118220 20450 ........... ............ 20450 3118220121 2045013 ....... .......... 2045013 3118220211 2045011 ....... .......... 2045011 3118220231 2045015 ....... .......... 2045015 3118220241 pt 2045030 pt ..... ........ 2045017

3118220241 pt 2045030 pt ..... ........ 2045019

3118220241 pt 2045030 pt ..... ........ 2045025

3118220251 2045021 ....... .......... 2045021

3118220261 pt 2045090 pt ..... ........ 2045081

3118220261 pt 2045090 pt ..... ........ 2045085

3118220261 pt 2045090 pt ..... ........ 2045086

3118220261 pt 2045090 pt ..... ........ 2045088

3118220261 pt 2045090 pt ..... ........ 2045089

3118220271 pt 2045096 pt ..... ........ 2045091

3118220271 pt 2045096 pt ..... ........ 2045092

3118220271 pt 2045096 pt ..... ........ 2045095

3118220YWW 2045000 ...... .......... 2045000

3118220YWY 2045002 ...... .......... 2045002

3118230 20980 ........... ............ 20980

3118230111 2098001 ....... .......... 2098001

3118230221 2098007 ....... .......... 2098000 pt

3118230331 2098003 ....... .......... 2098003

3118230441 2098004 ....... .......... 2098004

3118230451 2098005 ....... .......... 2098005

3118230461 2098006 ....... .......... 2098006

3118230YWW 2098000 ...... .......... 2098000 pt

G–4 APPENDIX G MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES

U.S. Census Bureau
1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3118230YWY 2098002 ...... .......... 2098002

3118300 pt 20990 pt ......... .......... 20990 pt

3118300 pt 20999 pt ......... .......... 20999 pt 3118300100 2099943 ....... .......... 2099943 3118300YWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

3118300YWW pt 2099900 pt ... ........ 2099900 pt

3118300YWY 2099002 pt ...... ........ 2099002 pt

3119111 20680 pt ........... .......... 20680 pt 3119111111 2068013 ....... .......... 2068013 3119111121 2068015 ....... .......... 2068015 3119111131 2068017 ....... .......... 2068017 3119111241 2068033 ....... .......... 2068033 3119111251 2068035 ....... .......... 2068035 3119111261 2068037 ....... .......... 2068037 3119111371 2068053 ....... .......... 2068053 3119111381 2068055 ....... .......... 2068055 3119111391 2068057 ....... .......... 2068057 31191113A1 2068061 ....... .......... 2068061 3119111YWV 2068000 pt ...... ........ 2068000 pt

3119114 2099F ........... ............ 2099F

3119114111 2099F44 ....... .......... 2099F44

3119114121 2099F46 ....... .......... 2099F46

3119114YWV 2099F00 ...... .......... 2099F00

311911W pt 20680 pt ........ .......... 20680 pt

311911W pt 20990 pt ........ .......... 20990 pt

311911WYWW pt 2068000 pt ... ........ 2068000 pt

311911WYWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

311911WYWY pt 2068002 ... .......... 2068002

311911WYWY pt 2099002 pt ... ........ 2099002 pt

3119191 20961 ........... ............ 20961

3119191100 2096100 ....... .......... 2096100

3119194 20962 ........... ............ 20962 3119194111 2096219 ....... .......... 2096221 pt 3119194221 2096225 ....... .......... 2096221 pt 3119194331 2096229 ....... .......... 2096229 3119194YWV 2096200 ...... .......... 2096200

3119197 pt 20521 pt ......... .......... 20521 pt

3119197 pt 20963 ......... ............ 20963

3119197111 2052155 ....... .......... 2052151 pt

3119197221 2096300 pt ....... ........ 2096300 pt

3119197YWV pt 2052100 pt .... ........ 2052100 pt

3119197YWV pt 2096300 pt .... ........ 2096300 pt

311919W pt 20520 pt ........ .......... 20520 pt

311919W pt 20960 ........ ............ 20960

311919WYWW pt 2052000 pt ... ........ 2052000 pt

311919WYWW pt 2096000 ... .......... 2096000

311919WYWY pt 2052002 pt ... ........ 2052002 pt

311919WYWY pt 2096002 ... .......... 2096002

3119201 20951 ........... ............ 20951

3119201111 2095111 ....... .......... 2095111

3119201211 2095115 ....... .......... 2095115

3119201331 2095121 ....... .......... 2095121

3119201YWV 2095100 ...... .......... 2095100

3119204 pt 20432 pt ......... .......... 20432 pt

3119204 pt 20952 pt ......... .......... 20952 pt

3119204111 2095211 ....... .......... 2095200 pt

3119204121 2043211 ....... .......... 2043209 pt

3119204YWV pt 2043200 pt .... ........ 2043200 pt

3119204YWV pt 2095200 pt .... ........ 2095200 pt

3119207 2099D ........... ............ 2099D

3119207111 2099D82 ....... .......... 2099D82

3119207221 2099D83 ....... .......... 2099D83

3119207231 2099D86 ....... .......... 2099D86

3119207YWV 2099D00 ...... .......... 2099D00

311920W pt 20430 pt ........ .......... 20430 pt

311920W pt 20950 pt ........ .......... 20950 pt

311920W pt 20990 pt ........ .......... 20990 pt

311920WYWW pt 2043000 pt ... ........ 2043000 pt

311920WYWW pt 2095000 pt ... ........ 2095000 pt

311920WYWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

311920WYWY pt 2043002 pt ... ........ 2043002 pt

311920WYWY pt 2095002 pt ... ........ 2095002 pt

311920WYWY pt 2099002 pt ... ........ 2099002 pt

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3119301 20872 ........... ............ 20872

3119301111 2087215 ....... .......... 2087215

3119301121 2087221 ....... .......... 2087221

3119301YWV 2087200 ...... .......... 2087200

3119304 20873 ........... ............ 20873

3119304111 2087321 ....... .......... 2087321

3119304121 2087323 ....... .......... 2087323

3119304131 2087325 ....... .......... 2087325

3119304141 2087341 ....... .......... 2087341

3119304151 2087343 ....... .......... 2087343

3119304161 2087345 ....... .......... 2087345

3119304YWV 2087300 ...... .......... 2087300

3119307 20874 pt ........... .......... 20874 pt

3119307111 2087459 ....... .......... 2087459

3119307121 2087461 ....... .......... 2087461

3119307131 2087471 ....... .......... 2087471

3119307141 2087481 ....... .......... 2087481

3119307YWV 2087400 pt ...... ........ 2087400 pt

311930W 20870 pt .......... .......... 20870 pt

311930WYWW 2087000 pt ..... ........ 2087000 pt

311930WYWY 2087002 pt ..... ........ 2087002 pt

3119411 20996 ........... ............ 20996 3119411111 2099611 ....... .......... 2099611 3119411121 2099651 ....... .......... 2099651 3119411131 2099657 ....... .......... 2099657 3119411YWV 2099600 ...... .......... 2099600

3119414 20353 ........... ............ 20353

3119414111 2035311 ....... .......... 2035311 3119414221 2035351 ....... .......... 2035351 3119414YWV 2035300 ...... .......... 2035300

3119417 20354 ........... ............ 20354 3119417111 2035411 ....... .......... 2035411 3119417221 2035423 ....... .......... 2035423 3119417331 2035429 ....... .......... 2035429 3119417441 2035435 ....... .......... 2035435 3119417YWV 2035400 ...... .......... 2035400

311941W pt 20350 pt ........ .......... 20350 pt

311941W pt 20990 pt ........ .......... 20990 pt

311941WYWW pt 2035000 pt ... ........ 2035000 pt

311941WYWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

311941WYWY pt 2035002 pt ... ........ 2035002 pt

311941WYWY pt 2099002 pt ... ........ 2099002 pt

3119421 pt 2099E ......... ............ 2099E

3119421 pt 28991 pt ......... .......... 28991 pt 3119421111 2899121 ....... .......... 2899100 pt 3119421121 2099E31 ....... .......... 2099E31 3119421131 2099E33 ....... .......... 2099E33 3119421241 2099E38 ....... .......... 2099E38 3119421351 2099E39 ....... .......... 2099E39 3119421YWV pt 2099E00 .... .......... 2099E00 3119421YWV pt 2899100 pt .... ........ 2899100 pt

3119424 pt 20871 ......... ............ 20871

3119424 pt 20952 pt ......... .......... 20952 pt 3119424111 2087111 ....... .......... 2087111 3119424121 2087115 ....... .......... 2087115

3119424131 2087153 ....... .......... 2087153

3119424141 2095231 ....... .......... 2095200 pt

3119424YWV pt 2087100 .... .......... 2087100

3119424YWV pt 2095200 pt .... ........ 2095200 pt

3119427 2099B pt ........... .......... 2099B pt

3119427111 2099B01 ....... .......... 2099B01

3119427121 2099B03 ....... .......... 2099B03

3119427131 2099B07 ....... .......... 2099B07

3119427241 2099B05 ....... .......... 2099B05

3119427251 2099B09 ....... .......... 2099B09

3119427YWV 2099B00 pt ...... ........ 2099B00 pt

311942W pt 20870 pt ........ .......... 20870 pt

311942W pt 20950 pt ........ .......... 20950 pt

311942W pt 20990 pt ........ .......... 20990 pt

311942W pt 28990 pt ........ .......... 28990 pt

311942WYWW pt 2087000 pt ... ........ 2087000 pt

311942WYWW pt 2095000 pt ... ........ 2095000 pt

311942WYWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

311942WYWW pt 2899000 pt ... ........ 2899000 pt

311942WYWY pt 2087002 pt ... ........ 2087002 pt

311942WYWY pt 2095002 pt ... ........ 2095002 pt

311942WYWY pt 2099002 pt ... ........ 2099002 pt

311942WYWY pt 2899002 pt ... ........ 2899002 pt

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3119910 pt 20990 pt ......... .......... 20990 pt

3119910 pt 20999 pt ......... .......... 20999 pt

3119910111 2099921 ....... .......... 2099921

3119910221 2099931 ....... .......... 2099931

3119910331 2099935 ....... .......... 2099935

3119910441 2099945 ....... .......... 2099945

3119910551 2099953 ....... .......... 2099953

3119910561 2099955 ....... .......... 2099955

3119910671 2099958 ....... .......... 2099958

3119910781 2099959 ....... .......... 2099959

3119910YWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

3119910YWW pt 2099900 pt ... ........ 2099900 pt

3119910YWY 2099002 pt ...... ........ 2099002 pt

3119991 20991 ........... ............ 20991

3119991111 2099113 ....... .......... 2099113

3119991121 2099115 ....... .......... 2099115

3119991131 2099153 ....... .......... 2099153

3119991141 2099155 ....... .......... 2099155 3119991151 2099159 ....... .......... 2099159 3119991YWV 2099100 ...... .......... 2099100

3119994 20993 ........... ............ 20993

3119994111 2099325 ....... .......... 2099325

3119994121 2099327 ....... .......... 2099327

3119994YWV 2099300 ...... .......... 2099300

3119997 20994 ........... ............ 20994 3119997111 2099413 ....... .......... 2099413 3119997121 2099423 ....... .......... 2099423 3119997131 2099434 ....... .......... 2099434 3119997141 2099455 ....... .......... 2099455 3119997YWV 2099400 ...... .......... 2099400

311999A 2099A ........... ............ 2099A

311999A111 2099A01 ....... .......... 2099A01 311999A121 2099A02 ....... .......... 2099A02 311999A131 2099A03 ....... .......... 2099A03 311999A141 2099A04 ....... .......... 2099A04 311999A151 2099A05 ....... .......... 2099A05 311999A161 2099A06 ....... .......... 2099A06 311999AYWV 2099A00 ...... .......... 2099A00

311999D 2099B pt .......... .......... 2099B pt

311999D131 2099B11 ....... .......... 2099B11

311999D141 2099B13 ....... .......... 2099B13

311999D151 2099B21 ....... .......... 2099B19 pt

311999DYWV 2099B00 pt ...... ........ 2099B00 pt

311999G 20159 .......... ............ 20159 311999G111 2015911 ....... .......... 2015911 311999G121 2015913 ....... .......... 2015913 311999G131 2015915 ....... .......... 2015915 311999G141 2015917 ....... .......... 2015917 311999G151 2015951 ....... .......... 2015951 311999G161 2015953 ....... .......... 2015953 311999G171 2015955 ....... .......... 2015955 311999G181 2015957 ....... .......... 2015957 311999GYWV 2015900 ...... .......... 2015900

311999J 20874 pt ........... .......... 20874 pt 311999J111 2087435 ........ .......... 2087435 311999J121 2087437 ........ .......... 2087437 311999JYWV 2087400 pt ...... ........ 2087400 pt

311999M pt 20324 pt ........ .......... 20324 pt

311999M pt 2099G pt ........ .......... 2099G pt 311999M101 2032495 ....... .......... 2032499 pt

311999M111 2099G11 ....... .......... 2099G11

311999M121 2099G25 ....... .......... 2099G25

311999M131 2099G41 ....... .......... 2099G41

311999M141 2099G51 ....... .......... 2099G51

311999M151 2099G85 ....... .......... 2099G85

311999M161 2099G91 ....... .......... 2099G91

311999M171 2099G98 ....... .......... 2099G98 pt

311999MYWV pt 2032400 pt ... ........ 2032400 pt

311999MYWV pt 2099G00 pt ... ....... 2099G00 pt

311999W pt 20150 pt ........ .......... 20150 pt

311999W pt 20320 pt ........ .......... 20320 pt

311999W pt 20870 pt ........ .......... 20870 pt

311999W pt 20990 pt ........ .......... 20990 pt

311999WYWW pt 2015000 pt ... ........ 2015000 pt

311999WYWW pt 2032000 pt ... ........ 2032000 pt

311999WYWW pt 2087000 pt ... ........ 2087000 pt

311999WYWW pt 2099000 pt ... ........ 2099000 pt

311999WYWY pt 2015002 pt ... ........ 2015002 pt

311999WYWY pt 2032002 pt ... ........ 2032002 pt

311999WYWY pt 2087002 pt ... ........ 2087002 pt

311999WYWY pt 2099002 pt ... ........ 2099002 pt

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX G G–5

U.S. Census Bureau
EC97M-3113D 1997 Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing From Cacao Beans 1997 Economic Census Manufacturing Industry Series USCENSUSBUREAU