Silverware and Plated Ware

Manufacturing

1997 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Industry Series

1997

Issued August 1999

EC97M-3399B

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
The staff of the Manufacturing and Construction Division prepared this report.

Judy M. Dodds, Assistant Chief for Census and Related Programs, was responsible for the overall planning, management, and coordination. Kenneth

Hansen, Chief, Manufactured Durables

Branch, assisted by Mike Brown, Renee

Coley, Raphael Corrado, and Milbren

Thomas, Section Chiefs, Michael Zampogna, Former Chief, Manufactured Nondurables Branch, assisted by Allen Foreman, Robert Miller, Robert Reinard,

and Nat Shelton, Section Chiefs, and Tom

Lee, Robert Rosati, and Tom Flood,

Special Assistants, performed the planning

and implementation. Stephanie Angel,

Brian Appert, Stanis Batton, Carol Beasley, Chris Blackburn, Larry Blumberg, Vera Harris-Bourne, Brenda

Campbell, Suzanne Conard, Vance

Davis, Mary Ellickson, Matt Gaines,

Merry Glascoe, Kay Hanks, Karen

Harshbarger, Nancy Higgins, James

Hinckley, Walter Hunter, Jim Jamski,

Evelyn Jordan, Robert Lee, John Linehan, Paul Marck, Keith McKenzie,

Philippe Morris, Joanna Nguyen, Betty

Pannell, Joyce Pomeroy, Venita Powell,

Cynthia Ramsey, Chris Savage,

Aronda Stovall, Sue Sundermann, Thanos Theodoropoulos, Dora Thomas,

Ann Truffa, Ronanne Vinson, Keeley

Voor, Denneth Wallace, Tempie Whittington, Lissene Witt, and Mike

Yamaner provided primary staff assistance.

Brian Greenberg, Assistant Chief for

Research and Methodology Programs,

assisted by Stacey Cole, Chief, Manufacturing Programs Methodology Branch, and

Robert Struble, Section Chief, provided

the mathematical and statistical techniques as well as the coverage operations.

Jeffrey Dalzell and Cathy Ritenour provided primary staff assistance.

Mendel D. Gayle, Chief, Forms, Publications, and Customer Services Branch,

assisted by Julius Smith Jr. and Baruti

Taylor, Section Chiefs, performed overall

coordination of the publication process.

Kim Credito, Patrick Duck, Chip

Murph, Wanda Sledd, and Veronica

White provided primary staff assistance.

The Economic Planning and Coordination

Division, Lawrence A. Blum, Assistant

Chief for Collection Activities and Shirin

A. Ahmed, Assistant Chief for PostCollection Processing, assisted by Dennis

Shoemaker, Chief, Post-Collection Census

Processing Branch, Brandy Yarbrough,

Section Chief, Sheila Proudfoot, Richard

Williamson, Andrew W. Hait, and Jennifer E. Lins, was responsible for developing the systems and procedures for data

collection, editing, review, correction and

dissemination

The staff of the National Processing Center,

Judith N. Petty, Chief, performed mailout

preparation and receipt operations, clerical

and analytical review activities, data keying, and geocoding review.

The Geography Division staff developed

geographic coding procedures and associated computer programs.

The Economic Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Charles P. Pautler

Jr., Chief, developed and coordinated the

computer processing systems. Martin S.

Harahush, Assistant Chief for Quinquennial Programs, assisted by Barbara Lambert and Christina Arledge were responsible for design and implementation of the

computer systems. Gary T. Sheridan,

Chief, Manufacturing and Construction

Branch, Lori A. Guido and Roy A. Smith,

Section Chiefs, supervised the preparation

of the computer programs.

Computer Services Division, Debra Williams, Chief, performed the computer processing.

The staff of the Administrative and Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom,

Chief, performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurement for publications,

Internet products, and report forms.

Cynthia G. Brooks provided publication

coordination and editing.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Silverware and Plated Ware

Manufacturing

1997 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Industry Series

1997

Issued Aaugust 1999

EC97M-3399B

U.S. Department of Commerce

William M. Daley,

Secretary

Robert L. Mallett,

Deputy Secretary

Economics

and Statistics

Administration

Robert J. Shapiro,

Under Secretary for

Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Kenneth Prewitt,

Director
Paula J. Schneider,

Principal Associate Director

for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker,

Associate Director

for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg,

Assistant Director

for Economic Programs

William G. Bostic Jr.,

Chief, Manufacturing

and Construction Division

ECONOMICS

AND STATISTICS

ADMINISTRATION

Economics

and Statistics

Administration

Robert J. Shapiro,

Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Kenneth Prewitt,

Director

William G. Barron,

Deputy Director
 CONTENTS

Introduction to the Economic Census 1 .............................

Manufacturing 5 .................................................

TABLES

1. Industry Statistics on NAICS Basis With Distribution Among

1987 SIC~Based Industries: 1997 7 .........................

2. Industry Statistics for Selected States: 1997 7 .................

3. Detailed Statistics by Industry: 1997 8 ........................

4. Industry Statistics by Employment Size: 1997 9 ................

5. Industry Statistics by Industry and Primary Product Class

Specialization: 1997 9 .....................................

6a. Products Statistics: 1997 and 1992 10 .........................

6b. Product Class Shipments for Selected States: 1997 and 1992 11 .

7. Materials Consumed by Kind: 1997 and 1992 11 ................

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1 .....................................

B. NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions B–1 ......................

C. Coverage and Methodology C–1 ................................

D. Geographic Notes ........................................ ~~

E. Metropolitan Areas ....................................... ~~

F. Footnotes for Products Statistics and Materials Consumed by

Kind ................................................... ~~

G. Comparability of Product Classes and Product Codes: 1997 to

1992 G–1 ...................................................

~~ Not applicable for this report.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 339912 iii

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Aug. 12, 1999
Introduction to the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about

the structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. It

provides essential information for government, business,

industry, and the general public. Title 13 of the United

States Code (Sections 131, 191, and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic census every 5 years,

covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The economic census furnishes an important part of the

framework for such composite measures as the gross

domestic product estimates, input/output measures, production and price indexes, and other statistical series that

measure short-term changes in economic conditions. Specific uses of economic census data include the following:

• Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government use

the data to monitor economic activity and assess the

effectiveness of policies.

• State and local governments use the data to assess

business activities and tax bases within their jurisdictions and to develop programs to attract business.

• Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries, which allows them to keep their members informed of market changes.

• Individual businesses use the data to locate potential

markets and to analyze their own production and sales

performance relative to industry or area averages.

ALL-NEW INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATIONS

Data from the 1997 Economic Census are published primarily on the basis of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), unlike earlier censuses, which

were published according to the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. NAICS is in the process of being

adopted in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Most

economic census reports cover one of the following NAICS

sectors:

21 Mining

22 Utilities

23 Construction

31-33 Manufacturing

42 Wholesale Trade

44-45 Retail Trade

48-49 Transportation and Warehousing

51 Information

52 Finance and Insurance

53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing

54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical

Services

55 Management of Companies and Enterprises

56 Administrative and Support and Waste

Management and Remediation Services

61 Educational Services

62 Health Care and Social Assistance

71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

72 Accommodation and Foodservices

81 Other Services (except Public Administration)

(Not listed above are the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and

Hunting sector (NAICS 11), partially covered by the census

of agriculture conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Public Administration sector (NAICS 92),

covered by the census of governments conducted by the

Census Bureau.)

The 20 NAICS sectors are subdivided into 96 subsectors

(three-digit codes), 313 industry groups (four-digit codes),

and, as implemented in the United States, 1170 industries

(five- and six-digit codes).

RELATIONSHIP TO SIC

While many of the individual NAICS industries correspond directly to industries as defined under the SIC system, most of the higher level groupings do not. Particular

care should be taken in comparing data for retail trade,

wholesale trade, and manufacturing, which are sector

titles used in both NAICS and SIC, but cover somewhat different groups of industries. The industry definitions discuss the relationships between NAICS and SIC industries.

Where changes are significant, it will not be possible to

construct time series that include data for points both

before and after 1997.

For 1997, data for auxiliary establishments (those functioning primarily to manage, service, or support the activities of their company’s operating establishments, such as

a central administrative office or warehouse) will not be

included in the sector-specific reports. These data will be

published separately.

GEOGRAPHIC AREA CODING

Accurate and complete information on the physical

location of each establishment is required to tabulate the

census data for the states, metropolitan areas (MAs), counties, parishes, and corporate municipalities including cities, towns, villages, and boroughs. Respondents were

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS INTRODUCTION 1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
required to report their physical location (street address,

municipality, county, and state) if it differed from their

mailing address. For establishments not surveyed by mail

(and those single-establishment companies that did not

provide acceptable information on physical location), location information from Internal Revenue Service tax forms

is used as a basis for coding.

BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census is conducted on an establishment

basis. A company operating at more than one location is

required to file a separate report for each store, factory,

shop, or other location. Each establishment is assigned a

separate industry classification based on its primary activity and not that of its parent company.

DOLLAR VALUES

All dollar values presented are expressed in current dollars; i.e., 1997 data are expressed in 1997 dollars, and

1992 data, in 1992 dollars. Consequently, when making

comparisons with prior years, users of the data should

consider the changes in prices that have occurred.

All dollar values are shown in thousands of dollars.

AVAILABILITY OF ADDITIONAL DATA

Reports in Print and Electronic Media

All results of the 1997 Economic Census are available

on the Census Bureau Internet site (www.census.gov) and

on compact discs (CD-ROM) for sale by the Census Bureau.

Unlike previous censuses, only selected highlights are

published in printed reports. For more information, including a description of electronic and printed reports being

issued, see the Internet site, or write to U.S. Census

Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300, or call Customer

Services at 301-457-4100.

Special Tabulations

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1997 Economic Census may be obtained, depending on availability

of time and personnel, in electronic or tabular form. The

data will be summaries subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of confidential information (including name,

address, kind of business, or other data for individual

business establishments or companies) that govern the

regular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A

request for a cost estimate, as well as exact specifications

on the type and format of the data to be provided, should

be directed to the Chief of the division named below, U.S.

Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300. To discuss a

special tabulation before submitting specifications, call

the appropriate division:

Manufacturing and Construction Division 301-457-4673

Service Sector Statistics Division 301-457-2668

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated

program at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for

1954, 1958, and 1963. Prior to that time, individual components of the economic census were taken separately at

varying intervals.

The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing were

included with those for population. Coverage of economic

activities was expanded for the 1840 Decennial Census

and subsequent censuses to include mining and some

commercial activities. The 1905 Manufactures Census was

the first time a census was taken apart from the regular

decennial population census. Censuses covering retail and

wholesale trade and construction industries were added in

1930, as were some covering service trades in 1933. Censuses of construction, manufacturing, and the other business service censuses were suspended during World War

II.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated: providing comparable census data across

economic sectors, using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. It

was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of

firms provided by the administrative records of other Federal agencies. Since 1963, administrative records also

have been used to provide basic statistics for very small

firms, reducing or eliminating the need to send them census questionnaires.

The range of industries covered in the economic censuses expanded between 1967 and 1992. The census of

construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967,

and the scope of service industries, introduced in 1933,

was broadened in 1967, 1977, and 1987. While a few

transportation industries were covered as early as 1963, it

was not until 1992 that the census broadened to include

all of transportation, communications, and utilities. Also

new for 1992 was coverage of financial, insurance, and

real estate industries. With these additions, the economic

census and the separate census of governments and census of agriculture collectively covered roughly 98 percent

of all economic activity.

Printed statistical reports from the 1992 and earlier

censuses provide historical figures for the study of longterm time series and are available in some large libraries.

All of the census reports printed since 1967 are still available for sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

CD-ROMs issued from the 1987 and 1992 Economic Censuses contain databases including nearly all data published in print, plus additional statistics, such as ZIP Code

statistics, published only on CD-ROM.

2 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publications for each of the

economic censuses and related surveys is published in the

Guide to the 1997 Economic Census and Related Statistics

at www.census.gov/econguide. More information on the

methodology, procedures, and history of the censuses will

be published in the History of the 1997 Economic Census

at www.census.gov/econ/www/history.html.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used with

the 1997 Economic Census data:

A Standard error of 100 percent or more.

D Withheld to avoid disclosing data of individual

companies; data are included in higher level

totals.

F Exceeds 100 percent because data include

establishments with payroll exceeding revenue.

N Not available or not comparable.

Q Revenue not collected at this level of detail for

multiestablishment firms.

S Withheld because estimates did not meet

publication standards.

V Represents less than 50 vehicles or .05

percent.

X Not applicable.

Y Disclosure withheld because of insufficient

coverage of merchandise lines.

Z Less than half the unit shown.

a 0 to 19 employees.

b 20 to 99 employees.

c 100 to 249 employees.

e 250 to 499 employees.

f 500 to 999 employees.

g 1,000 to 2,499 employees.

h 2,500 to 4,999 employees.

i 5,000 to 9,999 employees.

j 10,000 to 24,999 employees.

k 25,000 to 49,999 employees.

l 50,000 to 99,999 employees.

m 100,000 employees or more.

p 10 to 19 percent estimated.

q 20 to 29 percent estimated.

r Revised.

s Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.

nec Not elsewhere classified.

nsk Not specified by kind.

– Represents zero (page image/print only).

(CC) Consolidated city.

(IC) Independent city.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS INTRODUCTION 3

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
This page is intentionally blank.

4 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Manufacturing

SCOPE

The 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing covers all

manufacturing establishments with one or more paid

employees. Manufacturing is defined as the mechanical,

physical, or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products. The assembly of components

into new products is also considered manufacturing,

except when it is appropriately classified as construction.

Establishments in the manufacturing sector are often

described as plants, factories, or mills and typically use

power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment.

Also included in the manufacturing sector are some establishments that make products by hand, like custom tailors

and the makers of custom draperies. While manufacturers

typically do not sell to the public, some establishments

like bakeries and candy stores that make products on the

premises may be included.

GENERAL

This report, from the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing, is one of a series of 480 industry reports and 51

geographic area reports, each of which provides statistics

for individual industries or states, respectively. Seven of

the industry reports are for industries no longer in the

manufacturing sector but are included with manufacturing

for the 1997 census year. Also included for this sector are

General, Product, and Materials Consumed Summary

reports, a special report on Concentration Ratios in Manufacturing, and data files on Location of Manufacturing

Plants.

Each industry report presents data for a six-digit North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industry.

A description of the particular NAICS industry may be

found in Appendix B. These reports include such statistics

as number of establishments, employment, payroll, value

added by manufacture, cost of materials consumed, value

of shipments, capital expenditures, etc. Explanations of

these and other terms may be found in Appendix A. The

industry reports also include data for states with 100

employees or more in the industry.

State reports, which include the District of Columbia,

present similar statistics at the ‘‘all manufacturing’’ level

for each state and its metropolitan areas (MAs) with 250

employees or more, and for counties, consolidated cities,

and places with 500 employees or more. The state reports

also include six-digit NAICS level data for industries with

100 employees or more in the state.

The General Summary report contains industry and geographic area statistics summarized in one report. It

includes higher levels of aggregation than the industry

and state reports, as well as revisions to the data made

after the release of the industry and state reports.

The Products and Materials Consumed reports summarize the products and materials data published in the

industry reports. The Product Summary report also

includes data from the Current Industrial Reports (CIR) and

a special table with data for products that are primary to

more than one industry, which are not in the industry

reports.

The Concentration Ratios report publishes data on the

percentage of value of shipments accounted for by the 4-,

8-, 20-, and 50-largest companies for each manufacturing

industry. Also shown in this report are HirschmannHerfindahl Indexes for each industry.

The Location of Manufacturing data files contain statistics on the number of establishments for the three- and

six-digit NAICS industry by state, county, place, and ZIP

Code by employment-size of the establishment.

GEOGRAPHIC AREAS COVERED

Statistics at the six-digit NAICS industry level are shown

for states and the District of Columbia in both the state

and industry reports for cells with 100 employees or

more.

The state reports also include data at the ‘‘all manufacturing’’ level for a variety of geographies that meet the

employment criteria.

Data are available for the metropolitan areas (MAs) with

250 employees or more. The term MA is a general term

used to encompass all of the specifically defined metropolitan areas. A consolidated metropolitan statistical area

(CMSA) is made up of two or more contiguous primary

metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs) with a combined

population of at least 1 million. A PMSA is a subdivision of

a CMSA that demonstrates very strong internal economic

and social links separate from the ties to other portions of

the CMSA. A metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is an integrated economic and social unit with a population of at

least 50,000. An MA is made up of one or more counties

meeting standards of metropolitan character. In New

England, cities and towns, rather than counties, are the

component geographic units. Determination of the MAs

was made by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

as of June 30, 1997. The population estimates were from

the 1990 Census of Population or a subsequent special

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS MANUFACTURING 5

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
census. When applicable, the make-up of an MA is

included in Appendix E. Changes to geographical boundaries are noted in Appendix D.

The state reports include data for counties with 500

employees or more. These are the primary divisions of

states, except in Louisiana where they are called parishes

and in Alaska where they are called boroughs and census

areas. Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia have one

or more places that are independent of county organizations. These places are treated as counties and places. The

counties and places are defined as of January 1, 1997.

The state reports include data for places with 500

employees or more. Places are typically cities, towns, and

villages. They may be incorporated municipalities, semiindependent municipalities, special economic urban areas

(SEUAs), or other place equivalents.

The state reports also include data for consolidated cities with 500 employees or more. Consolidated cities are

made up of separately incorporated municipalities.

COMPARABILITY OF THE 1992 AND 1997 CENSUSES

The adoption of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) has had a major impact on the comparability of data between the 1992 and 1997 censuses.

Approximately half of the industries in the manufacturing

sector of NAICS do not have comparable industries in the

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system that was

used in the past. If industries are not comparable between

the two censuses, historic data are not shown. When applicable, Appendix G shows the product class and product

comparability between the two systems.

While most of the change affecting the manufacturing

sector was change within the sector, some industries left

manufacturing and others came into manufacturing.

Prominent among those leaving manufacturing are logging

and portions of publishing. Prominent among the industries coming into the manufacturing sector are bakeries,

candy stores where candy is made on the premises, custom tailors, makers of custom draperies, and tire retreading. Data for the industries coming into manufacturing as

well as those leaving manufacturing are included in the

manufacturing industry report series for 1997. However,

the state and summary reports only include data for

industries in the NAICS definition of manufacturing.

Another change resulting from the conversion to NAICS

is that data for central administrative offices (CAOs) associated with manufacturing are not included along side the

manufacturing data. This change affects data in the state

reports and the general summary.

DISCLOSURE

In accordance with Federal law governing census

reports (Title 13 of the United States Code), no data are

published that would disclose the operations of an individual establishment or company. However, the number of

establishments classified in a specific industry or geography is not considered a disclosure, and may be released

even when other information is withheld.

The disclosure analysis for the industry statistics files is

based on the total value of shipments. When the total

value of shipments cannot be shown without disclosing

information for individual companies, the complete line is

suppressed except for capital expenditures. However, the

suppressed data are included in higher-level totals. A separate disclosure analysis is performed for capital expenditures that can be suppressed even though value of shipments data are published.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT ECONOMIC

DATA

The Census Bureau conducts the Annual Survey of

Manufactures (ASM) in each of the 4 years between the

economic censuses. The ASM is a probability-based

sample of approximately 58,000 establishments and collects many of the same industry statistics (including

employment, payroll, value of shipments, etc.) as the economic census. However, there are selected statistics not

included in the ASM. Among these are the number of companies and establishments, detailed product and materials

data, and substate geographic data.

In addition to the ASM, the Census Bureau conducts a

Current Industrial Reports (CIR) program. The CIR publishes detailed product statistics for selected manufacturing industries at the U.S. level annually and, in some

cases, monthly and/or quarterly. For the 1997 Economic

Census – Manufacturing, the annual CIR data are included

in the Product Summary report.

The Census Bureau also conducts the monthly Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders (M3) program,

which publishes detailed statistics for manufacturing

industries at the U.S. level.

6 MANUFACTURING 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Table 1. Industry Statistics on NAICS Basis With Distribution Among 1987 SIC~Based

Industries: 1997

[NAICS codes appear in bold type. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

or SIC

code

Industry

All employees Production workers

Com~

panies1

All

estab~

lish~

ments2 Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value added by

manufacture

($1,000)

Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~

tures

($1,000)

339912 Silverware & plated ware mfg 159 .. 162 6 439 186 686 4 550 7 240 108 199 538 496 383 454 904 229 19 860 347930 Metal coating & allied services

(pt) N ........................ 12 103 2 091 66 122 1 260 4 515 1 793 6 296 283 391420 Silverware & plated ware (pt) N .. 150 6 336 184 595 4 484 7 118 106 939 533 981 381 661 897 933 19 577

1For the census, a company is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control. 2Includes establishments with payroll at any time during the year.

Table 2. Industry Statistics for Selected States: 1997

[States that are disclosures or with less than 100 employees are not shown. For explanation of terms, see appendixes. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text]

Industry and geographic area

All establishments All employees Production workers

E1 Total

With 20 em~ ploy~ ees or

more Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value added by manufacture ($1,000)Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~ tures ($1,000)

339912, SILVERWARE &

PLATED WARE MFG

United States – .............. 162 45 6 439 186 686 4 550 7 240 108 199 538 496 383 454 904 229 19 860

California – .......................... 18 3 372 9 959 228 468 3 851 21 634 9 659 31 299 866

Massachusetts – ..................... 12 7 1 060 45 390 454 936 12 093 94 257 158 312 244 629 3 696

New Jersey – ........................ 7 4 187 5 533 111 249 3 069 17 136 10 683 27 904 310

Rhode Island – ....................... 6 6 512 14 574 425 1 008 8 626 27 361 23 642 53 746 1 206

* Hawaii has no incorporated places in the sense of functioning governmental units; however, in agreement with Hawaiian law, the Bureau of the Census reports data for census designated

places (CDPs) which have been designated as place equivalents. Those CDPs, only for the state of Hawaii, with 2,500 or more population are recognized.

1Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other government

agencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. This technique was also used for a

small number of other establishments whose reports were not received at the time data were tabulated. The following symbols are shown where estimated data based on administrative~record data

account for 10 percent or more of the figures shown: 1–10 to 19 percent; 2–20 to 29 percent; 3–30 to 39 percent; 4–40 to 49 percent; 5–50 to 59 percent; 6–60 to 69 percent; 7–70 to 79 percent; 8–80 to

89 percent; 9–90 percent or more.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 339912 7

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Aug. 12, 1999
Table 3. Detailed Statistics by Industry: 1997

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

Item Value

339912, SILVERWARE & PLATED WARE MFG

Companies1 ................................................ number.. 159

All establishments number ........................................... .. 162

Establishments with 1 to 19 employees number ....................... .. 117

Establishments with 20 to 99 employees number ..................... .. 34

Establishments with 100 employees or more number .................. .. 11

All employees number ............................................... .. 6 439

Total compensation2 ..........................................$1,000.. 227 388

Annual payroll $1,000 .............................................. .. 186 686

Total fringe benefits $1,000 ......................................... .. 40 702

Production workers, average for year number .......................... .. 4 550

Production workers on March 15 number ............................ .. 4 594

Production workers on May 15 number .............................. .. 4 488

Production workers on August 15 number ............................ .. 4 498

Production workers on November 15 number ......................... .. 4 620

Production~worker hours 1,000 ....................................... .. 7 240

Production~worker wages $1,000 ...................................... .. 108 199

Total cost of materials $1,000 ......................................... .. 383 454

Cost of materials, parts, containers, etc., consumed $1,000 ............. .. 253 925

Cost of resales $1,000 ............................................. .. 112 108

Cost of fuels $1,000 ............................................... .. 1 951

Cost of purchased electricity $1,000 ................................. .. 4 699

Cost of contract work $1,000 ....................................... .. 10 771

Quantity of electricity purchased for heat and power 1,000 kWh ........... .. 90 596

Quantity of electricity generated less sold for heat and power 1,000 kWh ... .. –

Total value of shipments $1,000 ...................................... .. 904 229

Primary products value of shipments $1,000 .......................... .. 615 025

Secondary products value of shipments $1,000 ....................... .. 103 763

Total miscellaneous receipts $1,000 ................................. .. 185 441

Value of resales $1,000 .......................................... .. 183 087

Contract receipts $1,000 ......................................... .. D

Other miscellaneous receipts $1,000 .............................. .. D

Primary products specialization ratio percent ........................... .. 85

Value of primary products shipments made in all industries $1,000 ........ .. 618 286

Value of primary products shipments made in this industry $1,000 ....... .. 615 025

Value of primary products shipments made in other

industries $1,000 ................................................. .. 3 261

Coverage ratio percent .............................................. .. 99

Item Value

339912, SILVERWARE & PLATED WARE MFGm

Con.

Value added $1,000 ................................................. .. 538 496

Total inventories, beginning of year $1,000 ............................. .. 208 494

Finished goods inventories, beginning of year $1,000 .................. .. 144 619

Work~in~process inventories, beginning of year $1,000 ................. .. 26 467

Materials and supplies inventories, beginning of year $1,000 ............ .. 37 408

Total inventories, end of year $1,000 .................................. .. 225 380

Finished goods inventories, end of year $1,000 ....................... .. 164 045

Work~in~process inventories, end of year $1,000 ...................... .. 24 762

Materials and supplies inventories, end of year $1,000 ................. .. 36 573

Gross book value of total assets at beginning of year $1,000 .............. .. 236 744 Total capital expenditures (new and used) $1,000 ..................... .. 19 860 Capital expenditures for buildings and other structures

(new and used) $1,000 ......................................... .. 4 703 Capital expenditures for machinery and equipment (new

and used) $1,000 .............................................. .. 15 157 Total retirements2 ..........................................$1,000.. 5 074

Gross book value of total assets at end of year $1,000 ................... .. 251 530

Total depreciation during year2 .................................$1,000.. 12 773

Total rental payments2 ........................................$1,000.. 6 734

Buildings and other structures rental payments2 ................ $1,000.. 4 678

Machinery and equipment rental payments2.................... $1,000.. 2 056

Cost of purchased services for the repair of buildings and other

structures3..................................................$1,000.. 1 377

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

Cost of purchased services for the repair of machinery and

equipment3 .................................................$1,000.. 6 858

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

Cost of purchased communications services3 .................... $1,000.. 1 772

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

Cost of purchased legal services3 ..............................$1,000.. 1 327

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

Cost of purchased accounting and bookkeeping services3 ......... $1,000.. 3 060

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

Cost of purchased advertising services3 ......................... $1,000.. 8 105

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

Cost of purchased software and other data processing

services3 ...................................................$1,000.. 1 244

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

Cost of purchased refuse removal (including hazardous waste)

services3 ...................................................$1,000.. 1 722

Response coverage ratio4 .................................. percent.. 91

1For the census, a company is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control. 2These items are collected in the ASM and estimated for the remaining establishments; therefore, the levels of estimation are higher than for other items in the table. 3Based on ASM sample data.

4A response coverage ratio is derived for this item by calculating the ratio of the weighted employment (establishment data multiplied by sample weight) for those ASM establishments that

reported to the weighted total employment for all ASM establishments classified in this industry.

Note: The amounts shown for purchased services reflect only those services that establishments purchase from other companies.

8 NAICS 339912 MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Aug. 12, 1999
Table 4. Industry Statistics by Employment Size: 1997

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

Employment size class

All establishments All employees Production workers

E1 Total

With 20

em~

ploy~

ees or

more Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value added by

manufacture

($1,000)

Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~

tures

($1,000)

339912, SILVERWARE &

PLATED WARE MFG

All establishments – ......... 162 45 6 439 186 686 4 550 7 240 108 199 538 496 383 454 904 229 19 860

Establishments with 1 to 4

employees 9 ........................ 66 – 112 2 441 84 131 1 381 5 517 3 387 8 887 213

Establishments with 5 to 9

employees 4 ........................ 22 – 148 3 723 96 169 2 228 7 583 4 204 11 861 237

Establishments with 10 to 19

employees 1 ........................ 29 – 387 9 436 266 490 5 423 21 014 12 869 33 356 655

Establishments with 20 to 49

employees 1 ........................ 23 23 709 18 651 460 852 9 735 34 547 23 709 60 728 3 913

Establishments with 50 to 99

employees – ........................ 11 11 689 19 799 465 978 10 339 54 216 29 430 85 099 758

Establishments with 100 to 249

employees – ........................ 7 7 1 065 29 930 787 1 645 15 635 55 902 39 116 99 005 2 092

Establishments with 250 to 499

employees – ........................ 33 D D D D D D D D D

Establishments with 500 to 999

employees – ........................ –– – – – – – – – – –

Establishments with 1,000 to 2,499

employees – ........................ 11 D D D D D D D D D

Establishments with 2,500 employees

or more – ........................... –– – – – – – – – – –

Administrative records2 .............. 9 65 – 198 4 462 136 226 2 463 10 124 6 141 16 208 398

1Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other government

agencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. This technique was also used for a

small number of other establishments whose reports were not received at the time data were tabulated. The following symbols are shown where estimated data based on administrative~record data account for 10 percent or more of the figures shown: 1–10 to 19 percent; 2–20 to 29 percent; 3–30 to 39 percent; 4–40 to 49 percent; 5–50 to 59 percent; 6–60 to 69 percent; 7–70 to 79 percent; 8–80 to

89 percent; 9–90 percent or more. 2Some payroll and sales data for small single~establishment companies with up to 20 employees (cutoff varied by industry) were obtained from administrative records of other government

agencies rather than from census report forms. These data were then used in conjunction with industry averages to estimate statistics for these small establishments. Data are also included in respective size classes shown.

Table 5. Industry Statistics by Industry and Primary Product Class Specialization: 1997

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

industry or

product

class code

Industry or primary product class

All employees Production workers All estab~ lish~

ments Number

Payroll

($1,000) Number

Hours

(1,000)

Wages

($1,000)

Value addedby manufacture

($1,000)

Cost of

materials

($1,000)

Value of

shipments

($1,000)

Total capital

expendi~ tures

($1,000)

339912 Silverware & plated ware

mfg 162 .................... 6 439 186 686 4 550 7 240 108 199 538 496 383 454 904 229 19 860

3399121 Hollowware (including toiletware,

ecclesiastical ware, novelties,

trophies, baby goods, and other

platedware) 58 ...................... 2 600 66 030 1 781 3 695 35 729 143 708 95 846 243 378 6 349

3399123 Flatware (including all knives, forks,

spoons, and carving sets made

wholly of metal) 16 .................. 3 417 111 622 2 492 3 106 67 512 375 347 276 419 630 104 12 818

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 339912 9

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Aug. 12, 1999
Table 6a. Products Statistics: 1997 and 1992

[Includes quantity and value of products of this industry produced by (1) establishments classified in this industry (primary) and (2) establishments classified in other industries (secondary). Transfers of

products of this industry from one establishment of a company to another establishment of the same company (interplant transfers) are also included. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see

introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

product

code

Product

1997 1992

Number of Product shipments Product shipments

companies with shipmentsof $100,000

or more

Quantity of

production for all purposes Quantity

Value ($1,000)

Number of

companies with shipmentsof $100,000

or more

Quantity of

production for all purposes Quantity

Value ($1,000)

339912 Silverware and platedware......................... N X X 618 286 N X X N

3399121 Hollowware (including toiletware,

ecclesiastical ware, novelties, trophies,

baby goods, and other platedware) .......................... N X X 233 023 N X X N

33991211 Hollowware (including toiletware,

ecclesiastical ware, novelties, trophies,

baby goods, and other platedware) ........................ N X X 225 495 N X X N

3399121101 Sterling silver hollowware (including

toiletware, ecclesiastical ware,

novelties, trophies, baby goods, and

other platedware) ..................................... 10 X X 16 625 12 X X 16 932

3399121106 Electrosilverplated hollowware

(including toiletware, ecclesiastical

ware, novelties, trophies, baby goods,

and other platedware) ................................. 12 X X 32 958 16 X X 49 682

3399121111 Precious metal hollowware, other than

silver, whether or not clad with

precious metal (including toiletware,

ecclesiastical ware, novelties,

trophies, baby goods, and other

platedware) .......................................... 5 X X 15 316 7 X X 3 035

3399121116 Precious metal~clad base metal

hollowware (including toiletware,

ecclesiastical ware, novelties,

trophies, baby goods, and other

platedware) .......................................... 9 X X 24 153 5 X X 6 508

3399121121 Pewter hollowware (including

toiletware, ecclesiastical ware,

novelties, trophies, baby goods, and

other platedware) ..................................... 23 X X 67 301 28 X X 79 598

3399121126 Unplated hollowware of other metals

(including stainless steel)............................... 17 X X 69 142 N X X N

3399121Y Hollowware (including toiletware,

ecclesiastical ware, novelties, trophies,

baby goods, and other platedware), nsk.................... N X X 7 528 N X X N

3399121YWV Hollowware (including toiletware,

ecclesiastical ware, novelties,

trophies, baby goods, and other

platedware), nsk ...................................... N X X 7 528 N X X 25 054

3399123 Flatware (including all knives, forks, spoons,

and carving sets made wholly of metal) ...................... N X X 352 740 N X X N

33991231 Engraving and etching on silver and

platedware ............................................. N X X 352 740 N X X N

3399123101 Sterling silver flatware (including all

knives, forks, spoons, and carving

sets made wholly of metal) ............................. 7 X X 64 996 6 X X N

3399123106 Electrosilverplated flatware (including

all knives, forks, spoons, and carving

sets made wholly of metal) ............................. 5 X X 55 095 3 X X N

3399123111 Flatware made of precious metal other

than silver, whether or not clad with

precious metal (including all knives,

forks, spoons, and carving sets made

wholly of metal) ....................................... 2 X X D2 X X N

3399123116 Flatware made of base metal clad with

precious metal (including all knives,

forks, spoons, and carving sets made

wholly of metal) ....................................... 2 X X D1 X X N

3399123121 Engraving and etching on silver and

platedware ........................................... 7 X X DN X X N

3399123126 Engraving and etching on silver and

platedware ........................................... 4 X X 4 737 N X X N

3399123Y Flatware (including all knives, forks,

spoons, and carving sets made wholly of

metal), nsk ............................................. N X X –N X X N

3399123YWV Flatware (including all knives, forks,

spoons, and carving sets made wholly

of metal), nsk ......................................... N X X –N X X N

339912W Flatware (including all knives, forks, spoons,

and carving sets made wholly of metal),

nsk, total ................................................. N X X 32 523 N X X N

339912WY Flatware (including all knives, forks,

spoons, and carving sets made wholly of

metal), nsk, total ........................................ N X X 32 523 N X X N

339912WYWW Flatware (including all knives, forks,

spoons, and carving sets made wholly

of metal), nsk, for nonadministrative~

record establishments ................................. N X X 18 497 N X X N

339912WYWY Flatware (including all knives, forks,

spoons, and carving sets made wholly

of metal), nsk, for administrative~

record establishments ................................. N X X 14 026 N X X N

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.

@ Additional data are available for these codes at the aggregate U.S. level in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) series; see Appendix F for the CIR survey number and title.

$ This product is primary to more than one industry; see Appendix F for a listing of the related product codes.

Note: For some establishments, data have been estimated from central unit values which are based on quantity~value relationships of reported data. The following symbols are used when

percentage of each quantity figure estimated in this manner equals or exceeds 10 percent of published figure: p 10 to 19 percent estimated; q 20 to 29 percent estimated. If 30 percent or more is

estimated, figure is replaced by S.

10 NAICS 339912 MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Aug. 12, 1999
Table 6b. Product Class Shipments for Selected States: 1997 and 1992

[Product classes covered are those that are economically significant and whose production is geographically dispersed, provided dispersion is not approximated by data in Table 2. Also, product classes

are not shown if they are miscellaneous or "not specified by kind" classes. Statistics for some states are withheld because they are either less than $2 million in product class shipments or they disclose

data for individual companies in 1997. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanations of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

product class codeProduct class and geographic area

Value of product shipments

($1,000)

1997 1992

3399121 HOLLOWWARE (INCLUDING TOILETWARE, ECCLESIASTICAL WARE, NOVELTIES,

TROPHIES, BABY GOODS, AND OTHER PLATEDWARE)

United States............................................................................. 233 023 N

 California ........................................................................................ 19 212 N Connecticut ...................................................................................... 4 658 N Illinois ........................................................................................... 16 280 N Massachusetts ................................................................................... 38 555 N New Jersey ...................................................................................... 24 300 N

 New York........................................................................................ 33 584 N Ohio ............................................................................................ 4 498 N Rhode Island..................................................................................... 27 092 N

3399123 FLATWARE (INCLUDING ALL KNIVES, FORKS, SPOONS, AND CARVING SETS MADE

WHOLLY OF METAL)

United States............................................................................. 352 740 N

 Massachusetts ................................................................................... 81 054 N

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.

@ Additional data are available for these codes at the aggregate U.S. level in the Current Industrial Report (CIR) series; see Appendix F for the CIR survey number and title.

$ This product is primary to more than one industry; see Appendix F for a listing of the related product codes.

Table 7. Materials Consumed by Kind: 1997 and 1992

[Includes quantity and cost of materials consumed or put into production by establishments classified only in this industry. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation

of terms, see appendixes]

NAICS

material

code

Material consumed

1997 1992

Quantity

Delivered cost

($1,000) Quantity

Delivered cost

($1,000)

339912 SILVERWARE & PLATED WARE MFG

33100035 Castings (rough and semifinished) ........................................................ X 6 037 X N

33120001 Steel shapes and forms (except castings, forgings, and fabricated metal

products) ............................................................................. X DX N

331000AJ Nonferrous shapes and forms (except castings, forgings, and fabricated

metal products)........................................................................ X DX N

32551003 Paints, varnishes, lacquers, stains, shellacs, japans, enamels, and allied

products .............................................................................. X DX N

33200081 Fabricated metal products (except forgings) ................................................ X 24 054 X N

33210001 Forgings............................................................................... X DX N

33100003 Metal shapes and forms (except precious metals, castings, forgings, and

fabricated metal products) .............................................................. X DX N

33141901 Precious metals (gold, platinum, etc.), all forms, including ingot, sheet, strip,

solder, plating, electrodes, etc. .......................................................... X 62 023 X N

00970099 All other materials and components, parts, containers, and supplies ........................... X 106 054 X N

00971000 Materials, ingredients, containers, and supplies, n.s.k. ....................................... X 20 747 X N

# Additional information is available for this item; see Appendix F.

Note: For some establishments, data have been estimated from central unit values which are based on quantity~value relationships of reported data. The following symbols are used when

percentage of each quantity figure estimated in this manner equals or exceeds 10 percent of published figure: p 10 to 19 percent estimated; q 20 to 29 percent estimated. If 30 percent or more is

estimated, figure is replaced by S.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES NAICS 339912 11

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Aug. 12, 1999
Appendix A.

Explanation of Terms

BEGINNING- AND END-OF-YEAR INVENTORIES

Respondents were asked to report their beginning-ofyear and end-of-year inventories at cost or market. Effective with the 1982 Economic Census, this change to a uniform instruction for reporting inventories was introduced

for all sector reports. Prior to 1982, respondents were permitted to value inventories using any generally accepted

accounting method (FIFO, LIFO, market, to name a few).

Beginning in 1982, LIFO users were asked to first report

inventory values prior to the LIFO adjustment and then to

report the LIFO reserve and the LIFO value after adjustment for the reserve.

Inventory Data by Stage of Fabrication

Total inventories and three detailed components (1) finished goods, (2) work-in-process, and (3) materials, supplies, fuels, etc., were collected.

When using inventory data by stage of fabrication for

‘‘all industries’’ and at the three-digit subsector level, it

should be noted that an item treated as a finished product

by an establishment in one industry may be reported as a

raw material by an establishment in a different industry.

For example, the finished-product inventories of a steel

mill would be reported as raw materials by a stamping

plant. Such differences are present in the inventory figures

by stage of fabrication shown for all publication levels.

COST OF MATERIALS

This term refers to direct charges actually paid or payable for items consumed or put into production during the

year, including freight charges and other direct charges

incurred by the establishment in acquiring these materials.

It includes the cost of materials or fuel consumed,

whether purchased by the individual establishment from

other companies, transferred to it from other establishments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory

during the year.

Included in this item are:

1. Cost of parts, components, containers, etc.—Includes

all raw materials, semifinished goods, parts, containers, scrap, and supplies put into production or used as

operating supplies and for repair and maintenance

during the year.

2. Cost of products bought and sold in the same condition.

3. Cost of fuels consumed for heat and power—Includes

the cost of materials or fuel consumed, whether purchased by the individual establishment from other

companies, transferred to it from other establishments

of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory

during the year.

4. Cost of purchased electricity—The cost of purchased

electric energy represents the amount actually used

during the year for heat and power. In addition, information was collected on the quantity of electric

energy generated by the establishment and the quantity of electric energy sold or transferred to other

plants of the same company.

5. Cost of contract work—This term applies to work

done by others on materials furnished by the manufacturing establishment. The actual cost of the material is to be reported on the cost of materials, parts,

and containers line of this item. The term ‘‘Contract

Work’’ refers to the fee a company pays to another

company to perform a service.

Specific Materials Consumed

In addition to the total cost of materials, which every

establishment was required to report, information also

was collected for most manufacturing industries on the

consumption of major materials used in manufacturing.

The inquiries were restricted to those materials which

were important parts of the cost of production in a particular industry and for which cost information was available from manufacturers’ records. If less than $25,000 of

a listed material was consumed by an establishment, the

cost data could be reported in the ‘‘Cost of all other materials...,’’ Census material code 00970099. Also, the cost of

materials for small establishments for which administrative records or short forms were used was imputed into

the ‘‘Materials not specified by kind,’’ Census materials

code 00971000.

Duplication in Cost of Materials and Value of

Shipment

The aggregate of the cost of materials and value of

shipments figures for industry groups and for all manufacturing industries includes large amounts of duplication

since the products of some industries are used as materials by others. This duplication results, in part, from the

addition of related industries representing successive

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX A A–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
stages in the production of a finished manufactured product. Examples are the addition of flour mills to bakeries in

the food group and the addition of pulp mills to paper

mills in the paper and allied products group of industries.

Estimates of the overall extent of this duplication indicate

that the value of manufactured products exclusive of such

duplication (the value of finished manufactures) tends to

approximate two-thirds of the total value of products

reported in the survey.

Duplication of products within individual industries is

significant within a number of industry groups, e.g.,

machinery and transportation industries. These industries

frequently include complete machinery and their parts. In

this case, the parts made for original equipment are materials consumed for assembly plants in the same industry.

Even when no significant amount of duplication is

involved, value of shipments figures are deficient as measures of the relative economic importance of individual

manufacturing industries or geographic areas because of

the wide variation in ratio of materials, labor, and other

processing costs of value of shipments, both among

industries and within the same industry.

Before 1962, cost of materials and value of shipments

were not published for some industries which included

considerable duplication. Since then, these data have been

published for all industries at the U.S. level and beginning

in 1964, for all geographic levels.

COST OF PURCHASED SERVICES

Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) establishments

were requested to provide information on the cost of purchased services for the repair of buildings and other structures, the repair of machinery, communication services,

legal services, accounting and bookkeeping services,

advertising, software and other data processing services,

and refuse removal. Each of these items reflects the costs

paid directly by the establishment and excludes salaries

paid to employees of the establishment for these services.

Included in the cost of purchased services for the repair

of buildings and machinery are payments made for all

maintenance and repair work on buildings and equipment.

Payments made to other establishments of the same company and for repair and maintenance of any leased property also are included. Extensive repairs or reconstruction

that was capitalized is considered capital expenditures

and is, therefore, excluded from this item. Repair and

maintenance costs provided by an owner as part of a

rental contract or incurred directly by an establishment in

using its own work force also are excluded.

Included in the cost of purchased advertising services

are payments for printing, media coverage, and other

advertising services and materials.

Included in the cost of purchased software and other

data processing services are all purchases by the establishment from other companies. Excluded are services provided by other establishments of the same company (such

as by a separate data processing unit).

Included in the cost of purchased refuse removal services are all costs of refuse removal services paid by the

establishment, including costs for hazardous waste

removal or treatment. Excluded are all costs included in

rental payments or as capital expenditures.

Response Coverage Ratio

A response coverage ratio is a measure of the extent to

which respondents report for an item. The estimate is

made by calculating the ratio value of the weighted total

employment data for all the ASM establishments that

report the item to the weighted total employment data for

all ASM establishments classified in an industry (reporters

and non-reporters).

DEPRECIATION CHARGES FOR FIXED ASSETS

This item includes depreciation and amortization

charged during the year against assets. Depreciation

charged against fixed assets acquired since the beginning

of the year and against assets sold or retired during the

year are components of this category. Respondents were

requested to make certain that they did not report accumulated depreciation.

EMPLOYEES

This item includes all full-time and part-time employees

on the payrolls of operating manufacturing establishments

during any part of the pay period which included the 12th

of the months specified on the report form. Included are

all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays, and paid

vacations during these pay periods. Officers of corporations are included as employees; proprietors and partners

of unincorporated firms are excluded. The ‘‘all employees’’

number is the average number of production workers plus

the number of other employees in mid-March. The number

of production workers is the average for the payroll periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and November.

Production Workers

This item includes workers (up through the linesupervisor level) engaged in fabricating, processing,

assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping (but not delivering), maintenance, repair, janitorial and guard services, product development, auxiliary production for plant’s own use (e.g.,

power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely

associated with these production operations at the establishment covered by the report. Employees above the

working-supervisor level are excluded from this item.

All Other Employees

This item covers nonproduction employees of the

manufacturing establishment including those engaged in

factory supervision above the line-supervisor level. It

A–2 APPENDIX A 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
includes sales (including driver-salespersons), sales delivery (highway truck drivers and their helpers), advertising,

credit, collection, installation and servicing of own products, clerical and routine office functions, executive, purchasing, financing, legal, personnel (including cafeteria,

medical, etc.), professional, and technical employees. Also

included are employees on the payroll of the manufacturing establishment engaged in the construction of major

additions or alterations utilized as a separate work force.

FRINGE BENEFITS

Fringe benefits are divided into legally required expenditures and payments for voluntary programs. The legally

required portion consists primarily of Federal old age and

survivors’ insurance, unemployment compensation, and

workers’ compensation. Payments for voluntary programs

include all programs not specifically required by legislation whether they were employer initiated or the result of

collective bargaining. They include the employer portion

of such plans as insurance premiums, premiums for

supplemental accident and sickness insurance, pension

plans, supplemental unemployment compensation, welfare plans, stock purchase plans on which the employer

payment is not subject to withholding tax, and deferred

profit-sharing plans. They exclude such items as companyoperated cafeterias, in-plant medical services, free parking

lots, discounts on employee purchases, and uniforms and

work clothing for employees.

GROSS BOOK VALUE OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS AT

BEGINNING OF YEAR (BOY) AND END OF YEAR (EOY)

Total value of depreciable assets is collected on all census forms. It shows the value of depreciable assets for the

beginning of year and end of year. The data encompass all

fixed depreciable assets on the books of establishments.

The values shown (book value) represent the actual cost

of assets at the time they were acquired, including all

costs incurred in making the assets usable (such as transportation and installation). Included are all buildings,

structures, machinery, and equipment (production, office,

and transportation equipment) for which depreciation

reserves are maintained. Excluded are nondepreciable

capital assets including inventories and intangible assets,

such as timber and mineral rights.

The definition of fixed depreciable assets is consistent

with the definition of capital expenditures. For example,

expenditures include actual capital outlays during the year

rather than the final value of equipment put in place and

buildings completed during the year. Accordingly, the

value of assets at the end of the year includes the value of

construction in progress.

In addition, respondents were requested to make certain that assets at the beginning of the year plus capital

expenditures, less retirements, equaled assets at the end

of the year.

NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS AND COMPANIES

A separate report was required for each manufacturing

establishment (plant) with one employee or more. An

establishment is defined as a single physical location

where manufacturing is performed. A company, on the

other hand, is defined as a business organization consisting of one establishment or more under common ownership or control.

If the company operated at different physical locations,

even if the individual locations were producing the same

line of goods, a separate report was requested for each

location. If the company operated in two or more distinct

lines of manufacturing at the same location, a separate

report was requested for each activity.

An establishment not in operation for any portion of

the year was requested to return the report form with the

proper notation in the ‘‘Operational Status’’ section of the

form. In addition, the establishment was requested to

report data on any employees, capital expenditures, inventories, or shipments from inventories during the year.

PAYROLL

This item includes the gross earnings of all employees

on the payrolls of operating manufacturing establishments

paid in the calendar year. Respondents were told they

could follow the definition of payrolls used for calculating

the Federal withholding tax. It includes all forms of compensation, such as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses, vacation and sick leave pay, and

compensation in kind, prior to such deductions as employees’ social security contributions, withholding taxes,

group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total

includes salaries of officers of corporations; it excludes

payments to proprietors or partners of unincorporated

concerns. Also excluded are payments to members of

Armed Forces and pensioners carried on the active payrolls of manufacturing establishments.

The census definition of payrolls is identical to that recommended to all Federal statistical agencies by the Office

of Management and Budget. It should be noted that this

definition does not include employers’ social security contributions or other nonpayroll labor costs, such as employees’ pension plans, group insurance premiums, and workers’ compensation.

The ASM provides estimates of employers’ total supplemental labor costs (those required by Federal and state

laws and those incurred voluntarily or as part of collective

bargaining agreements).

PRODUCT CODES AND CLASSES OF PRODUCTS

NAICS United States industries are identified by a sixdigit code, in contrast to the four-digit SIC code. The

longer code accommodates the large number of sectors

and allows more flexibility in designing subsectors. Each

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX A A–3

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
product or service is assigned a ten-digit code. The product coding structure represents an extension by the Census Bureau of the six-digit industry classifications of the

manufacturing and mining sectors. The classification system operates so that the industrial coverage is progressively narrower with the successive addition of digits. This

is illustrated as follows:

NAICS level NAICS code Description

Industry .......... 33461 Manufacturing and reproduction

of magnetic and optical media

U.S. industry...... 334612 Reproduction of software

Product class ..... 3346120 Prerecorded compact disc (except

software), tape, and record reproducing

BLS link code..... 3346120X

Product code ..... 3346120XXX

As in previous censuses, data were collected for most

industries on the quantity and value of individual products

shipped. In the 1997 census program, information was

collected on the output of almost 10,000 individual product items.

In the new system, there are about 1,500 product

classes (seven-digit codes), about 6,000 census products

(ten-digit codes), and an additional 3,700 CIR products

(ten-digit codes). The ten-digit products are considered the

primary products of the industry with the same first six

digits.

The list of products for which separate information was

collected was prepared after consultation with industry

and government representatives. Comparability with previous figures was given considerable weight in the selection of product categories so that comparable 1992 information is presented for most products.

Typically, both quantity and value of shipments information were collected. However, if quantity was not significant or could not be reported by manufacturers, only

value of shipments was collected.

Shipments include both commercial shipments and

transfers of products to other plants of the same company. For industries in which a considerable portion of the

total shipments is transferred to other plants of the same

company, separate information on interplant transfers also

was collected. Moreover, for products that are used to a

large degree within the same establishment as materials

or components in the fabrication of other products, total

production and often consumption of the item within the

plant (quantity produced and consumed) was collected.

Typically, the information on production also was collected

for products for which there are significant differences

between total production and shipments in a given year

because of wide fluctuations in finished goods inventories. Other measures of output of products with long production cycles were used as appropriate and feasible.

PRIMARY PRODUCT CLASS CODE

This file presents selected statistics for establishments

according to their degree of specialization in products primary to their industry. This field contains either the sixdigit North American Industrial Classification System

(NAICS) industry code corresponding to all establishments

in the industry, or the seven-digit NAICS product class

code for all establishments within the industry that are

specialized in a particular product class. Product class specialization is determined by evaluating the ratio of the

largest primary product class shipments to total product

shipments (primary plus secondary, excluding miscellaneous receipts) for the establishment.

PRODUCTION-WORKER HOURS

This item covers hours worked or paid for at the plant,

including actual overtime hours (not straight-time equivalent hours). It excludes hours paid for vacations, holidays,

or sick leave.

QUANTITY OF ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMED FOR

HEAT AND POWER

Data on the cost of purchased electric energy were collected on all census forms. However, data on the quantity

of purchased electric energy were collected only on the

Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) form. In addition,

information is collected on the quantity of electric energy

generated by the establishment and the quantity of electric energy sold or transferred to other plants of the same

company.

RENTAL PAYMENTS

Total rental payments are collected on all census forms.

However, the breakdown between rental payments for

buildings and other structures and rental payments for

machinery and equipment is collected only on the ASM

forms. This item includes rental payments for the use of

all items for which depreciation reserves would be maintained if they were owned by the establishment, e.g.,

structures and buildings, and production, office, and

transportation equipment. Excluded are royalties and

other payments for the use of intangibles and depletable

assets and land rents where separable.

When an establishment of a multiestablishment company was charged rent by another part of the same company for the use of assets owned by the company, it was

instructed to exclude that cost from rental payments.

However, the book value (original cost) of these companyowned assets was to be reported as assets of the establishment at the end of the year.

If there were assets at an establishment rented from

another company and the rents were paid centrally by the

head office of the establishment, the company was

instructed to report these rental payments as if they were

paid directly by the establishment.

A–4 APPENDIX A 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
RETIREMENTS OF DEPRECIABLE ASSETS

Included in this item is the gross value of assets sold,

retired, scrapped, destroyed, etc., during the calendar

year. When a complete operation or establishment

changed ownership, the respondent was instructed to

report the value of the assets sold at the original cost as

recorded in the books of the seller. The respondent also

was requested to report retirements of equipment or

structures owned by a parent company that the establishment was using as if it were a tenant.

TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (NEW AND USED)

For establishments in operation and any known plants

under construction, manufacturers were asked to report

their new and used expenditures for (1) permanent additions and major alterations to manufacturing establishments and (2) machinery and equipment used for replacement and additions to plant capacity if they were of the

type for which depreciation accounts were ordinarily maintained.

Totals for expenditures include the costs of assets

leased from nonmanufacturing concerns through capital

leases. New facilities owned by the Federal Government

but operated under contract by private companies and

plant and equipment furnished to the manufacturer by

communities and nonprofit organizations are excluded.

Also excluded are expenditures for land and cost of maintenance and repairs charged as current operating

expenses.

For any equipment or structure transferred for the use

of the reporting establishment by the parent company or

one of its subsidiaries, the value at which it was transferred to the establishment was to be reported. If an

establishment changed ownership during the year, the

cost of the fixed assets (building and equipment) was to

be reported.

VALUE ADDED

This measure of manufacturing activity is derived by

subtracting the cost of materials, supplies, containers,

fuel, purchased electricity, and contract work from the

value of shipments (products manufactured plus receipts

for services rendered). The result of this calculation is

adjusted by the addition of value added by merchandising

operations (i.e., the difference between the sales value

and the cost of merchandise sold without further manufacture, processing, or assembly) plus the net change in finished goods and work-in-process between the beginningand end-of-year inventories.

For those industries where value of production is collected instead of value of shipments, value added is

adjusted only for the change in work-in-process inventories between the beginning and end of year. For those

industries where value of work done is collected, the value

added does not include an adjustment for the change in

finished goods or work-in-process inventories.

‘‘Value added’’ avoids the duplication in the figure for

value of shipments that results from the use of products

of some establishments as materials by others. Value

added is considered to be the best value measure available for comparing the relative economic importance of

manufacturing among industries and geographic areas.

VALUE OF SHIPMENTS

This item covers the received or receivable net selling

values, f.o.b. plant (exclusive of freight and taxes), of all

products shipped, both primary and secondary, as well as

all miscellaneous receipts, such as receipts for contract

work performed for others, installation and repair, sales of

scrap, and sales of products bought and sold without further processing. Included are all items made by or for the

establishments from material owned by it, whether sold,

transferred to other plants of the same company, or

shipped on consignment. The net selling value of products

made in one plant on a contract basis from materials

owned by another was reported by the plant providing the

materials.

In the case of multiunit companies, the manufacturer

was requested to report the value of products transferred

to other establishments of the same company at full economic or commercial value, including not only the direct

cost of production but also a reasonable proportion of ‘‘all

other costs’’ (including company overhead) and profit.

In addition to the value for NAICS defined products,

aggregates of the following categories of miscellaneous

receipts are reported as part of a total establishment’s

value of product shipments:

1. Reported contract work—Receipts for work or services

that a plant performed for others on their materials.

2. Value of resales—Sales of products brought and sold

without further manufacture, processing, or assembly.

3. Other miscellaneous receipts—Such as repair work,

installation, sales of scrap, etc.

Industry primary product value of shipments represents

one of the three components of value of shipments. These

components are:

1. Primary products value of shipments.

2. Secondary product value of shipments.

3. Total miscellaneous receipts.

Primary product shipments is used in the calculations of

industry specialization ratio and industry coverage ratio.

The term ‘‘Value of primary products shipments made in

this industry’’ is used in this publication and refers to the

same data.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX A A–5

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Duplication in Cost of Materials and Value of

Shipment

The aggregate of the cost of materials and value of

shipments figures for industry groups and for all manufacturing industries includes large amounts of duplication

since the products of some industries are used as materials by others. This duplication results, in part, from the

addition of related industries representing successive

stages in the production of a finished manufactured product. Examples are the addition of flour mills to bakeries in

the food group and the addition of pulp mills to paper

mills in the paper and allied products group of industries.

Estimates of the overall extent of this duplication indicate

that the value of manufactured products exclusive of such

duplication (the value of finished manufactures) tends to

approximate two-thirds of the total value of products

reported in the annual survey.

Duplication of products within individual industries is

significant within a number of industry groups, e.g.,

machinery and transportation industries. These industries

frequently include complete machinery and their parts. In

this case, the parts made for original equipment are materials consumed for assembly plants in the same industry.

Even when no significant amount of duplication is

involved, value of shipments figures are deficient as measures of the relative economic importance of individual

manufacturing industries or geographic areas because of

the wide variation in ratio of materials, labor, and other

processing costs of value of shipments, both among

industries and within the same industry.

Before 1962, cost of materials and value of shipments

were not published for some industries which included

considerable duplication. Since then, these data have been

published for all industries at the U.S. level and beginning

in 1964, for all geographic levels.

Specialization and Coverage Ratios

These items are not collected on the report forms but

are derived from the data shown in Table 3. An establishment is classified in a particular industry if its shipments

of primary products of that industry exceed in value its

shipments of the products of any other single industry.

An establishment’s shipments include those products

assigned to an industry (primary products), those considered primary to other industries (secondary products), and

receipts for miscellaneous activities (merchandising, contract work, resales, etc.). Specialization and coverage

ratios have been developed to measure the relationship of

primary product shipments to the data on shipments for

the industry shown in Tables 1a through 5 and data on

product shipments shown in Tables 6a and 6b.

Specialization ratio represents the ratio of primary

product shipments to total product shipments (primary

and secondary, excluding miscellaneous receipts) for the

establishments classified in the industry.

Coverage ratio represents the ratio of primary products

shipped by the establishments classified in the industry to

the total shipments of such products that are shipped by

all manufacturing establishments wherever classified.

A–6 APPENDIX A 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix B.

NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions

339912 SILVERWARE AND HOLLOWARE

MANUFACTURING

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily

engaged in manufacturing, engraving, chasing, or etching

precious metal solid, precious metal clad, or pewter flatware and other plated ware.

The data published with NAICS code 339912 include the

following SIC industries:

3479 Metal coating and allied services (pt)

3914 Silverware and plated ware (pt)

MANUFACTURING—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX B B–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix C.

Coverage and Methodology

MAIL/NONMAIL UNIVERSE

The manufacturing universe includes about 400,000

establishments. This number includes those industries in

the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

definition of manufacturing, but not those industries leaving the manufacturing sector in the classification change.

The amounts of information requested from manufacturing establishments were dependent upon a number of factors. The more important considerations were the size of

the company and whether it was included in the annual

survey of manufactures (ASM). The methods of obtaining

information for the various subsets of the universe to

arrive at the aggregate figures shown in the publication

are described below:

1. Small single-establishment companies not sent a

report form.

Approximately 40 percent of the manufacturing

establishments were small single-establishment companies that were excused from filing a census report.

Selection of these establishments was based on two

factors: annual payroll and our ability to assign the

correct six-digit NAICS industry classification to the

establishment. For each four-digit Standard Industrial

Classification (SIC) industry code, an annual payroll

cutoff was determined. These cutoffs were derived so

that the establishments with payroll less than the cutoff were expected to account for no more than 3 percent of the value of shipments for the industry. Generally, all single-establishment companies with less than

5 employees were excused, while all establishments

with more than 20 employees were mailed forms.

Establishments below the cutoff that could not be

directly assigned a six-digit NAICS code were mailed a

classification report which requested information for

assigning NAICS industry codes. Establishments below

the cutoff that could be directly assigned a six-digit

NAICS code were excused from filing any report. For

below cutoff establishments, information on the

physical location, payroll, and receipts was obtained

from the administrative records of other Federal agencies under special arrangements that safeguarded

their confidentiality.

Estimates of data for these small establishments

were developed using industry averages in conjunction with the administrative information. The value of

shipments and cost of materials were not distributed

among specific products and materials for these

establishments but were included in the product and

material ‘‘not specified by kind’’ (nsk) categories.

The industry classification codes included in the

administrative-record files were assigned on the basis

of brief descriptions of the general activity of the

establishment. As a result, an indeterminate number

of establishments were erroneously coded to a fourdigit SIC industry and then erroneously re-coded to a

six-digit NAICS industry. This was especially true

whenever there was a relatively fine line of demarcation between industries or between manufacturing

and nonmanufacturing activity.

Sometimes the administrative-record cases had

only two- or three-digit SIC group classification codes

available in the files. For the 1997 Economic Census –

Manufacturing, these establishments were sent a

separate classification form, which requested information on the products and services of the establishment. This form was used to code many of these

establishments to the appropriate six-digit NAICS

level. Establishments that did not return the classification form were coded later to those six-digit NAICS

industries identified as ‘‘All other’’ industries within

the given subsector.

As a result of these situations, a number of small

establishments may have been misclassified by industry. However, such possible misclassification has no

significant effect on the statistics other than on the

number of companies and establishments.

The total establishment count for individual industries should be viewed as an approximation rather

than a precise measurement. The counts for establishments with 20 employees or more are far more reliable than the count of total number of establishments.

2. Establishments sent a report form.

The establishments covered in the mail canvass

were divided into three groups:

a. ASM sample establishments.

This group accounts for approximately 15 percent of all manufacturing establishments. The ASM

panel covers all the units of large manufacturing

establishments as well as a sample of the medium

and smaller establishments. The probability of

selection was proportionate to size. For more information, see the Description of the ASM Survey

Sample.

MANUFACTURING APPENDIX C C–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
In an economic census year, the ASM report form

(MA-1000) replaces the first page of the regular

census form for those establishments included in

the ASM. In addition to information on employment, payroll, and other items normally requested

on the regular census form, establishments in the

ASM sample were requested to supply additional

information on gross book value of assets and

capital expenditures. ASM establishments were also

requested to provide information on retirements,

depreciation, rental payments, and supplemental

labor costs. For establishments not included in the

ASM, these additional items were estimated using

relationships observed in the ASM establishment

data. The census statistics for these variables are a

sum of the ASM establishment data and the estimated data for non-ASM establishments. ASM

establishments were also requested to provide

information for selected purchased services. The

census statistics for the purchased service items

were derived solely from the ASM establishments.

See Appendix A, Explanation of Terms for an explanation of these items. The census part of the report

form is 1 of 220 versions containing product, material, and special inquiries. The diversity of manufacturing activities necessitated the use of this many

forms to canvass the 480 manufacturing industries.

Each form was developed for a group of related

industries.

Appearing on each form was a list of products

primary to the group of related industries as well

as secondary products and miscellaneous services

that establishments classified in these industries

were likely to perform. Respondents were

requested to identify the products, the value of

each product, and, in many cases, the quantity of

the product shipped during the survey year. Space

also was provided for the respondent to describe

products not specifically identified on the form.

The report form also contained a materialsconsumed inquiry which varied from form to form

depending on the industries being canvassed. The

respondents were asked to review a list of materials generally used in their production processes.

From this list, each establishment was requested to

identify those materials consumed during the survey year, the cost of each, and, in certain cases, the

quantity consumed. Once again, space was provided for the respondent to describe significant

materials not identified on the form.

A wide variety of special inquiries was included

to measure activities peculiar to a given industry,

such as operations performed and equipment used.

b. Large and medium establishments (non-ASM).

Approximately 30 percent of all manufacturing

establishments were included in this group. A variable cutoff, based on administrative-record payroll

data and determined on an industry-by-industry

basis, was used to select those establishments that

were to receive 1 of the 220 economic census –

manufacturing regular forms. The first page,

requesting establishment data for items such as

employment and payroll, was standard but did not

contain the detailed statistics included on the ASM

form. The product, material, and special inquiry

sections supplied were based on the historical

industry classification of the establishment.

c. Small single-establishment companies (non-ASM).

This group includes approximately 15 percent of

all manufacturing establishments. For those industries where application of the variable cutoff for

administrative-record cases resulted in a large number of small establishments being included in the

mail canvass, an abbreviated or short form was

used. These establishments received 1 of the 31

versions of the short form, which requested summary product and material data and totals but no

details on employment, payroll, cost of materials,

inventories, and capital expenditures.

Use of the short form has no adverse effect on

published totals for the industry statistics because

the same data were collected on the short form as

on the long form. However, detailed information on

products and materials consumed was not collected on the short form; thus, its use would

increase the value of the nsk categories.

INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION OF

ESTABLISHMENTS

Each of the establishments covered in the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing was classified in 1 of 480

industries (473 manufacturing industries and 7 former

manufacturing industries) in accordance with the industry

definitions in the 1997 NAICS Manual. This is the first edition of the NAICS Manual and it is a major change from the

1987 SIC Manual that was used previously. Appendix A of

the 1997 NAICS Manual notes the comparability between

the 1987 SIC and 1997 NAICS classification systems. When

applicable, Appendix G of this report shows the product

class and product comparability between the two systems

for data in this report.

In the NAICS system, an industry is generally defined as

a group of establishments that have similar production

processes. To the extent practical, the system uses supplybased or production-oriented concepts in defining industries. The resulting group of establishments must be significant in terms of number, value added by manufacture,

value of shipments, and number of employees.

C–2 APPENDIX C MANUFACTURING

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
The coding system works in such a way that the definitions progressively become narrower with successive

additions of numerical digits. In the manufacturing sector

for 1997, there are 21 subsectors (three-digit NAICS), 86

industry groups (four-digit NAICS), 184 NAICS industries

(five-digit NAICS) that are comparable with Canadian and

Mexican classification, and 473 U.S. industries (six-digit

NAICS). This represents an expansion of the four-digit SICbased U.S. industries from 459 in 1987. Product classes

and products of the manufacturing industries have been

assigned codes based on the industry from which they

originate. In the new system, there are about 1,500 product classes (seven-digit codes), about 6,000 census products, and an additional 3,700 CIR products (ten-digit

codes). The ten-digit products are considered the primary

products of the industry with the same first six digits.

These counts do not include the seven former manufacturing industries that are included in the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing.

For the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing, all

establishments were classified in particular industries

based on the products they produced. If an establishment

made products of more than one industry, it was classified

in the industry with the largest product value. For 1997,

there were no ‘‘resistance rules’’ or ‘‘frozen industries.’’

In ASM years, establishments included in the ASM

sample with certainty weights are reclassified by industry

only if the change in the primary activity from the prior

year is significant or if the change has occurred for 2 successive years. This procedure prevents reclassification

when there are minor shifts in product mix.

In ASM years, establishments included in the ASM

sample with noncertainty weight are not shifted from one

industry classification to another. They are retained in the

industry where they were classified in the base census

year. However, in the following census year, these ASM

plants are allowed to shift from one industry to another.

The results of these rules covering the switching of

plants from one industry classification to another are that

some industries comprise different mixes of establishments in different survey years. Hence, comparisons

between prior-year and current-year published totals, particularly at the six-digit NAICS level, should be viewed

with caution. This is particularly true for the comparison

between the data shown for a census year versus the data

shown for the previous ASM year.

As previously noted, the small establishments that may

have been misclassified by industry are usually

administrative-record cases whose industry codes were

assigned on the basis of incomplete descriptions of the

general activity of the establishment. Such possible misclassifications have no significant effect on the statistics

other than on the number of companies and establishments.

Establishments frequently make products classified

both in their industry (primary products) and other industries (secondary products). Industry statistics (employment, payroll, value added by manufacture, value of shipments, etc.) reflect the activities of the establishments

which may make both primary and secondary products.

Product statistics, however, represent the output of all

establishments without regard for the classification of the

producing establishment. For this reason, when relating

the industry statistics, especially the value of shipments,

to the product statistics, the composition of the industry’s

output should be considered.

The extent to which industry and product statistics may

be matched with each other is measured by the primary

product specialization ratio and the coverage ratio. The

primary product specialization ratio is the proportion of

industry shipments accounted for by the primary products

of establishments classified in the industry. The coverage

ratio is the proportion of product shipments accounted for

by establishments classified in the industry.

ESTABLISHMENT BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census – manufacturing is conducted on

an establishment basis. A company operating at more

than one location is required to file a separate report for

each location or establishment. The ASM also is conducted

on an establishment basis, but separate reports are filed

for just those establishments selected in the sample. Companies engaged in distinctly different lines of activity at

one location are requested to submit separate reports if

the plant records permit such a separation and if the

activities are substantial in size.

In 1997, as in earlier years, a minimum size limit was

set for inclusion of establishments in the census. All establishments employing one person or more at any time during the census year are included. The same size limitation

has applied since 1947 in censuses and annual surveys of

manufactures. In the 1939 and earlier censuses, establishments with less than $5,000 value of products were

excluded. The change in the minimum size limit in 1947

does not appreciably affect the historical comparability of

the census figures except for data on number of establishments for a few industries.

The 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing excludes

data for central administrative offices (CAOs). These

would include separately operated administrative offices,

warehouses, garages, and other auxiliary units that service manufacturing establishments of the same company.

These data are published in a separate report series.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ASM SURVEY SAMPLE

The annual survey of manufactures (ASM) sample is

drawn for the second survey year after a census. The most

recent sample was drawn for the 1994 survey year based

on the 1992 Census of Manufactures. This sample will be

in place through the 1998 ASM.

MANUFACTURING APPENDIX C C–3

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
In 1992, there were approximately 370,000 individual

manufacturing establishments. For sample efficiency and

cost considerations, the 1992 manufacturing population

was partitioned into two components for developing estimates within the ASM; a mail stratum and a nonmail stratum.

Mail stratum. The mail stratum of the survey is comprised of larger single-location manufacturing companies

and all manufacturing establishments of multiunit companies (companies that operate at more than one physical

location). Approximately 230,000 of the 370,000 establishments in the 1992 census were assigned to the mail

stratum. On an annual basis, the mail stratum is supplemented with larger, newly active single-location companies identified from a list provided by the Internal Revenue

Service (IRS) and new manufacturing locations of multiunit

companies identified from the Census Bureau’s Company

Organization Survey (COS).

For the 1994 survey, a new sample of approximately

58,000 individual establishments was selected from the

mail stratum assembled from the 1992 census. Supplemental samples representing both 1993 and 1994 births

(newly active establishments that were not included in the

1992 census) were also selected. Establishments selected

for the sample are mailed an ASM survey questionnaire for

each year through 1998.

The 1994-98 ASM sample design is similar to the one

used since 1984. Companies in the 1992 Census of Manufactures with manufacturing shipments of at least $500

million were defined as company certainties. For these

large companies, each manufacturing establishment is

included in the mail sample. For the 1994-98 sample,

there are approximately 650 certainty companies collectively accounting for over 18,000 establishments.

For the remaining portion of the mail component of the

survey, the establishment was defined as the sample unit.

All establishments with 250 employees or more were

defined as employment certainties. In addition, all establishments producing products in SIC 3571 (Electronic

Computers) were defined as certainties. Across these three

arbitrary certainty classes, there were approximately

25,000 establishments included in the sample with certainty. Collectively, these certainty establishments

accounted for approximately 80 percent of the total value

of shipments in the 1992 Census of Manufactures.

Smaller establishments in the remaining portion of the

mail stratum were sampled with probabilities ranging

from .02 to 1.00. The initial probabilities of selection

assigned to these establishments were proportionate to a

measure-of-size determined for each establishment. The

measure-of-size was a function of the establishment’s

1992 industry classification, its 1992 product class data,

and the historical variability of the year-to-year estimates

of the product class estimates. For each product class

(1,755) and four-digit industry (459), a desired reliability

constraint was specified. Using a technique developed by

Dr. James R. Chromy of the Research Triangle Institute, the

initial establishment probabilities were optimized such

that the expected sample satisfied all industry and product class reliability constraints while the sample size was

minimized. This technique reduces the likelihood of

selecting nonrepresentative samples for individual product

classes or industries.

This method of assigning probabilities based on product class shipments is motivated by our primary desire to

produce reliable estimates of both product class and

industry shipments. The high correlation between shipments and employment, value-added, and other general

statistics assures that these variables will also be well represented by the sample. The actual sample selection procedure uses an independent chance of selection method

(Poisson sampling) which permits us to prevent small

establishments from being selected in consecutive

samples without introducing a bias into the survey estimates.

Nonmail component. The initial nonmail component of

the survey was comprised of approximately 140,000

small, single-establishment companies that were tabulated

as administrative records in the 1992 Census of Manufactures. The nonmail stratum is also supplemented annually

using the list of newly active single-location companies

provided by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and payroll

cutoffs. Companies with payroll below the payroll cutoff

are added to the nonmail stratum. For this portion of the

population, sampling is not used. The data for this group

are estimated based on selected information obtained

annually from the administrative records of the IRS and

Social Security Administration (SSA). This administrative

information, which includes payroll, total employment,

industry classification, and physical location, is obtained

under conditions which safeguard the confidentiality of

both tax and census records.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ASM ESTIMATING

PROCEDURE

Most of the ASM estimates derived for the mail stratum

are computed using a difference estimator. At the establishment level, there is a strong correlation between the

current-year data values and the corresponding 1992

(base) data values. Therefore, within the mailed stratum,

for each item at each level of aggregation, an estimate of

the ‘‘difference’’ between the current year and the base

year is computed from sample cases and added to the corresponding base-year values. For the 1993-1997 ASM estimates, the 1992 Census of Manufactures values serve as

the base year. For the 1998 ASM, the base will be updated

to be the 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing.

Due to the positive year-to-year correlation, estimates

derived using this methodology are generally more reliable than comparable estimates developed from the current sample data alone. Estimates for the capital expenditures variables are not generated using the difference

C–4 APPENDIX C MANUFACTURING

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
estimator because the year-to-year correlations are considerably weaker. The standard linear estimator is used for

these variables.

For the nonmail stratum, estimates for payroll and

employment are directly tabulated from the

administrative-record data provided by IRS and SSA. Estimates of data other than payroll and employment are

developed from industry averages. Although the nonmail

stratum contains approximately 170,000 individual establishments in 1994, it accounts for less than 2 percent of

the estimate for total value of shipments at the total

manufacturing level.

Corresponding estimates for the mail and nonmail components are combined to produce the estimates included

in this publication.

QUALIFICATIONS OF THE ASM DATA

The estimates developed from the sample are apt to

differ somewhat from the results of a survey covering all

companies in the sample lists but otherwise conducted

under essentially the same conditions as the actual sample

survey. The estimates of the magnitude of the sampling

errors (the difference between the estimates obtained and

the results theoretically obtained from a comparable,

complete-coverage survey) are provided by the standard

errors of estimates.

The particular sample selected for the ASM is one of

many similar probability samples that, by chance, might

have been selected under the same specifications. Each of

the possible samples would yield somewhat different sets

of results, and the standard errors are measures of the

variation of all the possible sample estimates around the

theoretically comparable, complete-coverage values.

Estimates of the standard errors have been computed

from the sample data for selected ASM statistics in this

report. They are represented in the form of relative standard errors (the standard errors divided by the estimated

values to which they refer).

In conjunction with its associated estimate, the relative

standard error may be used to define confidence intervals

(ranges that would include the comparable, completecoverage value for specified percentages of all the possible samples).

The complete-coverage value would be included in the

range:

From one standard error below to one standard error

above the derived estimate for about two-thirds of all

possible samples.

From two standard errors below to two standard

errors above the derived estimate for about 19 out of

20 of all possible samples.

From three standard errors below to three standard

errors above the derived estimate for nearly all

samples.

An inference that the comparable, complete-survey

result would be within the indicated ranges would be correct in approximately the relative frequencies shown.

Those proportions, therefore, may be interpreted as defining the confidence that the estimates from a particular

sample would differ from complete-coverage results by as

much as one, two, or three standard errors, respectively.

For example, suppose an estimated total is shown at

50,000 with an associated relative standard error of

2 percent, that is, a standard error of 1,000 (2 percent of

50,000). There is approximately 67 percent confidence

that the interval 49,000 to 51,000 includes the completecoverage total, about 95 percent confidence that the interval 48,000 to 52,000 includes the complete-coverage

total, and almost certain confidence that the interval

47,000 to 53,000 includes the complete-coverage total.

In addition to the sample errors, the estimates are subject to various response and operational errors: errors of

collection, reporting, coding, transcription, imputation for

nonresponse, etc. These operational errors also would

occur if a complete canvass were to be conducted under

the same conditions as the survey. Explicit measures of

their effects generally are not available. However, it is

believed that most of the important operational errors

were detected and corrected during the Census Bureau’s

review of the data for reasonableness and consistency.

The small operational errors usually remain. To some

extent, they are compensating in the aggregated totals

shown. When important operational errors were detected

too late to correct the estimates, the data were suppressed

or were specifically qualified in the tables.

As derived, the estimated standard errors included part

of the effect of the operational errors. The total errors,

which depend upon the joint effect of the sampling and

operational errors, are usually of the order of size indicated by the standard error, or moderately higher. However, for particular estimates, the total error may considerably exceed the standard errors shown. Any figures shown

in the tables in this publication having an associated standard error exceeding 15 percent may be combined with

higher level totals, creating a broader aggregate, which

then may be of acceptable reliability.

DATA FROM THE CURRENT INDUSTRIAL REPORTS

(CIR)

The CIR program provides product statistics for

selected manufacturing industries at the U.S. level annually and, in some cases, monthly and/or quarterly. When

detail product data are collected in the CIR, they are not

also collected in the census. However, the annual CIR data

are included in the census Product Summary report.

The CIR program uses a unified data collection, processing, and publication system. The Census Bureau

updates the survey panels for most reports annually and

reconciles the estimates to the results of the broaderbased annual survey of manufactures and the economic

MANUFACTURING APPENDIX C C–5

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
census – manufacturing. The economic census – manufacturing provides a complete list of all producers of the

products covered by the CIR program and serves as the

primary source for CIR sampling. Where a small number of

producers exist, CIR surveys cover all known producers of

a product. However, when the number of producers is

large, cutoff and random sampling techniques are used.

Surveys are continually reviewed and modified to provide

the most up-to-date information on products produced.

While the CIR program includes both mandatory and voluntary surveys, the annual data are mandatory.

DUPLICATION IN COST OF MATERIALS AND VALUE

OF SHIPMENTS

Data for cost of materials and value of shipments

include varying amounts of duplication, especially at

higher levels of aggregation. This is because the products

of one establishment may be the materials of another. The

value added statistics avoid this duplication and are, for

most purposes, the best measure for comparing the relative economic importance of industries and geographic

areas.

VALUE OF INDUSTRY SHIPMENTS COMPARED WITH

VALUE OF PRODUCT SHIPMENTS

The 1997 Economic Census – Manufacturing shows

value of shipments data for industries and products. In the

industry statistics tables and files, these data represent

the total value of shipments of all establishments classified in a particular industry. The data include the shipments of the products classified in the industry (primary

to the industry), products classified in other industries

(secondary to the industry), and miscellaneous receipts

(repair work, sale of scrap, research and development,

installation receipts, and resales). Value of product shipments shown in the products statistics tables and files

represent the total value of all products shipped that are

classified as primary to an industry regardless of the classification of the producing establishment.

C–6 APPENDIX C MANUFACTURING

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix D.

Geographic Notes

Not applicable for this report.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX D D–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix E.

Metropolitan Areas

Not applicable for this report.

1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS APPENDIX E E–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
Appendix F.

Footnotes for Products Statistics and Materials Consumed

by Kind

Not applicable for this report.

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX F F–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Aug. 12, 1999
Appendix G.

Comparability of Product Classes and Product Codes:

1997 to 1992

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3391110 38210 ........... ............ 38210

3391110110 3821010 ....... .......... 3821010

3391110230 3821020 ....... .......... 3821020

3391110YWW 3821000 ...... .......... 3821000

3391110YWY 3821002 ...... .......... 3821002

3391121 pt 38295 pt ......... .......... 38295 pt

3391121 pt 38411 ......... ............ 38411

3391121101 3841112 ....... .......... 3841112

3391121106 3841131 ....... .......... 3841131

3391121211 3841121 ....... .......... 3841121

3391121216 3841123 ....... .......... 3841123

3391121321 3841142 ....... .......... 3841142

3391121326 3841149 ....... .......... 3841149

3391121431 3841185 ....... .......... 3841185

3391121536 3841186 ....... .......... 3841186

3391121641 3841172 ....... .......... 3841172

3391121646 3841184 ....... .......... 3841184

3391121651 3841187 ....... .......... 3841187 3391121656 3829510 ....... .......... 3829500 pt 3391121661 3841196 ....... .......... 3841196 3391121766 3841199 ....... .......... 3841199 3391121YWV pt 3829500 .... .......... 3829500 pt

3391121YWV pt 3841100 .... .......... 3841100

3391123 38412 ........... ............ 38412 3391123106 3841291 ....... .......... 3841291 3391123111 3841293 ....... .......... 3841293 3391123116 3841296 ....... .......... 3841296

3391123YWV 3841200 ...... .......... 3841200

339112W pt 38290 pt ........ .......... 38290 pt

339112W pt 38410 ........ ............ 38410

339112WYWW pt 3829000 pt ... ........ 3829000 pt

339112WYWW pt 3841000 ... .......... 3841000

339112WYWY pt 3829002 pt ... ........ 3829002 pt

339112WYWY pt 3841002 ... .......... 3841002

3391131 38421 pt ........... .......... 38421 pt

3391131101 3842101 ....... .......... 3842101

3391131104 3842102 ....... .......... 3842102

3391131207 3842104 ....... .......... 3842104

3391131211 3842105 ....... .......... 3842105

3391131214 3842106 ....... .......... 3842106

3391131217 3842107 ....... .......... 3842107

3391131221 3842108 ....... .......... 3842108

3391131224 3842109 ....... .......... 3842109

3391131227 3842110 ....... .......... 3842110

3391131231 3842112 ....... .......... 3842112

3391131234 3842113 ....... .......... 3842113

3391131337 3842122 ....... .......... 3842122

3391131341 3842123 ....... .......... 3842123

3391131344 3842124 ....... .......... 3842124

3391131347 3842126 ....... .......... 3842126

3391131351 3842127 ....... .......... 3842127

3391131354 3842129 ....... .......... 3842129

3391131457 3842131 ....... .......... 3842131 3391131567 3842137 ....... .......... 3842137

3391131571 3842165 ....... .......... 3842165

3391131574 3842183 ....... .......... 3842183

3391131577 3842185 ....... .......... 3842185

3391131581 3842187 ....... .......... 3842187

3391131584 3842189 ....... .......... 3842189

3391131587 3842191 ....... .......... 3842191

3391131591 3842197 ....... .......... 3842197

3391131594 3842198 ....... .......... 3842198

3391131YWV 3842100 pt ...... ........ 3842100 pt

3391135 38423 ........... ............ 38423

3391135101 3842311 ....... .......... 3842311

3391135106 3842321 ....... .......... 3842321

3391135111 3842322 ....... .......... 3842322

3391135116 3842351 ....... .......... 3842351

3391135121 3842361 ....... .......... 3842361

3391135126 3842373 ....... .......... 3842373

3391135YWV 3842300 ...... .......... 3842300

3391137 25991 ........... ............ 25991 3391137100 2599100 ....... .......... 2599100

339113W pt 25990 pt ........ .......... 25990 pt

339113W pt 38420 pt ........ .......... 38420 pt

339113WYWW pt 2599000 pt ... ........ 2599000 pt

339113WYWW pt 3842000 pt ... ........ 3842000 pt

339113WYWY pt 2599002 pt ... ........ 2599002 pt

339113WYWY pt 3842002 pt ... ........ 3842002 pt

3391141 pt 36992 pt ......... .......... 36992 pt

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3391141 pt 38431 ......... ............ 38431

3391141101 3843101 ....... .......... 3843101

3391141106 3843102 ....... .......... 3843102

3391141111 3843103 ....... .......... 3843103

3391141116 3843105 ....... .......... 3843105

3391141121 pt 3699265 ..... .......... 3699200 pt

3391141121 pt 3843104 ..... .......... 3843104

3391141226 3843106 ....... .......... 3843106

3391141231 3843107 ....... .......... 3843107

3391141236 3843108 ....... .......... 3843108

3391141241 3843109 ....... .......... 3843109

3391141246 3843111 ....... .......... 3843111

3391141YWV pt 3699200 pt .... ........ 3699200 pt

3391141YWV pt 3843100 .... .......... 3843100

3391143 38432 ........... ............ 38432

3391143101 3843201 ....... .......... 3843201

3391143106 3843202 ....... .......... 3843202

3391143111 3843203 ....... .......... 3843203

3391143116 3843209 ....... .......... 3843209

3391143121 3843219 ....... .......... 3843219

3391143YWV 3843200 ...... .......... 3843200

339114W pt 36990 pt ........ .......... 36990 pt

339114W pt 38430 ........ ............ 38430

339114WYWW pt 3699000 pt ... ........ 3699000 pt

339114WYWW pt 3843000 ... .......... 3843000

339114WYWY pt 3699002 pt ... ........ 3699002 pt

339114WYWY pt 3843002 ... .......... 3843002

3391151 38511 ........... ............ 38511 3391151101 3851115 ....... .......... 3851115 3391151106 3851117 ....... .......... 3851117 3391151111 3851118 ....... .......... 3851118 3391151116 3851119 ....... .......... 3851119 3391151YWV 3851100 ...... .......... 3851100

3391153 38514 ........... ............ 38514

3391153101 3851431 ....... .......... 3851431

3391153106 3851445 ....... .......... 3851445

3391153YWV 3851400 ...... .......... 3851400

3391155 38515 ........... ............ 38515

3391155101 3851525 ....... .......... 3851525

3391155206 3851527 ....... .......... 3851527

3391155YWV 3851500 ...... .......... 3851500

3391157 38516 ........... ............ 38516 3391157101 3851612 ....... .......... 3851612 3391157206 3851613 ....... .......... 3851613 3391157YWV 3851600 ...... .......... 3851600

339115B 38517 ........... ............ 38517 339115B101 3851702 ....... .......... 3851702 339115B106 pt 3851705 pt ..... ........ 3851703 339115B106 pt 3851705 pt ..... ........ 3851704 339115B111 3851706 ....... .......... 3851706 339115B116 3851709 ....... .......... 3851709 339115B121 3851719 ....... .......... 3851719 339115B125 3851721 ....... .......... 3851700 pt

339115BYWV 3851700 ...... .......... 3851700 pt

339115W 38510 .......... ............ 38510

339115WYWW 3851000 ..... .......... 3851000

339115WYWY 3851002 ..... .......... 3851002

3391160 80720 ........... ............ 80720

3391160100 pt 8072001 ..... .......... 8072000 pt

3391160100 pt 8072000 pt ..... ........ 8072000 pt

3391160YWW 8072000 pt ...... ........ 8072000 pt

3391160YWY 8072002 ...... .......... 8072000 pt

3399111 39111 ........... ............ 39111

3399111101 3911111 ....... .......... 3911111

3399111206 3911112 ....... .......... 3911112

3399111311 3911114 ....... .......... 3911114

3399111421 pt 3911121 pt ..... ........ 3911131

3399111421 pt 3911121 pt ..... ........ 3911141

3399111516 3911115 ....... .......... 3911115

3399111526 3911151 ....... .......... 3911151

3399111531 3911198 ....... .......... 3911198

3399111YWV 3911100 ...... .......... 3911100

3399113 39113 ........... ............ 39113 3399113101 3911311 ....... .......... 3911311 3399113106 pt 3911315 pt ..... ........ 3911321

3399113106 pt 3911315 pt ..... ........ 3911341 pt

3399113111 pt 3911317 pt ..... ........ 3911331

3399113111 pt 3911317 pt ..... ........ 3911341 pt

3399113116 3911398 ....... .......... 3911398

3399113YWV 3911300 ...... .......... 3911300

3399115 pt 34790 pt ......... .......... 34790 pt

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3399115 pt 39114 ......... ............ 39114

3399115101 3911411 ....... .......... 3911411

3399115106 pt 3911413 pt ..... ........ 3911421

3399115106 pt 3911413 pt ..... ........ 3911441 pt

3399115111 pt 3911415 pt ..... ........ 3911431

3399115111 pt 3911415 pt ..... ........ 3911441 pt

3399115116 3911451 ....... .......... 3911451

3399115118 3479022 ....... .......... 3479021 pt

3399115121 pt 3911481 pt ..... ........ 3911461

3399115121 pt 3911481 pt ..... ........ 3911471

3399115YWV pt 3479000 pt .... ........ 3479000 pt

3399115YWV pt 3911400 .... .......... 3911400

339911W pt 34790 pt ........ .......... 34790 pt

339911W pt 39110 ........ ............ 39110

339911WYWW pt 3479000 pt ... ........ 3479000 pt

339911WYWW pt 3911000 ... .......... 3911000

339911WYWY pt 3479002 pt ... ........ 3479002 pt

339911WYWY pt 3911002 ... .......... 3911002

3399121 39141 pt ........... .......... 39141 pt

3399121101 3914111 ....... .......... 3914111

3399121106 3914131 ....... .......... 3914131

3399121111 3914141 ....... .......... 3914141

3399121116 3914143 ....... .......... 3914143

3399121121 3914153 ....... .......... 3914153

3399121126 3914175 ....... .......... 3914170 pt

3399121YWV 3914100 ...... .......... 3914100

3399123 pt 34790 pt ......... .......... 34790 pt

3399123 pt 39142 pt ......... .......... 39142 pt

3399123101 3914211 ....... .......... 3914211

3399123106 3914235 ....... .......... 3914235

3399123111 3914241 ....... .......... 3914241

3399123116 3914243 ....... .......... 3914243

3399123121 3914275 ....... .......... 3914270 pt

3399123126 3479024 ....... .......... 3479021 pt

3399123YWV pt 3479000 pt .... ........ 3479000 pt

3399123YWV pt 3914200 pt .... ........ 3914200 pt

339912W pt 34790 pt ........ .......... 34790 pt

339912W pt 39140 pt ........ .......... 39140 pt

339912WYWW pt 3479000 pt ... ........ 3479000 pt

339912WYWW pt 3914000 pt ... ........ 3914000 pt

339912WYWY pt 3479002 pt ... ........ 3479002 pt

339912WYWY pt 3914002 pt ... ........ 3914002 pt

3399131 39152 ........... ............ 39152

3399131100 pt 3915200 pt ..... ........ 3915200

3399131100 pt 3915200 pt ..... ........ 3915211

3399131100 pt 3915200 pt ..... ........ 3915233

3399133 39153 ........... ............ 39153

3399133101 3915311 ....... .......... 3915311

3399133206 3915312 ....... .......... 3915312

3399133211 3915321 ....... .......... 3915321

3399133316 3915331 ....... .......... 3915331

3399133YWV 3915300 ...... .......... 3915300

3399135 39154 ........... ............ 39154

3399135100 3915400 ....... .......... 3915400

339913W 39150 .......... ............ 39150

339913WYWW 3915000 ..... .......... 3915000

339913WYWY 3915002 ..... .......... 3915002

3399140 pt 34790 pt ......... .......... 34790 pt

3399140 pt 34990 pt ......... .......... 34990 pt

3399140 pt 34998 pt ......... .......... 34998 pt

3399140 pt 39610 ......... ............ 39610

3399140111 pt 3961032 pt ..... ........ 3961031

3399140111 pt 3961032 pt ..... ........ 3961041 pt

3399140118 3499895 ....... .......... 3499899 pt

3399140201 3961011 ....... .......... 3961011

3399140206 pt 3961022 pt ..... ........ 3961021

3399140206 pt 3961022 pt ..... ........ 3961041 pt

3399140216 3961051 ....... .......... 3961051

3399140221 3961072 ....... .......... 3961072

3399140226 pt 3479026 ..... .......... 3479021 pt

3399140226 pt 3961098 pt ..... ........ 3961096

3399140226 pt 3961098 pt ..... ........ 3961099

3399140YWW pt 3479000 pt ... ........ 3479000 pt

3399140YWW pt 3499000 pt ... ........ 3499000 pt

3399140YWW pt 3499800 pt ... ........ 3499800 pt

3399140YWW pt 3961000 ... .......... 3961000

3399140YWY pt 3479002 pt .... ........ 3479002 pt

3399140YWY pt 3499002 pt .... ........ 3499002 pt

3399140YWY pt 3961002 .... .......... 3961002

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX G G–1

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3399201 39491 ........... ............ 39491

3399201101 3949106 ....... .......... 3949106

3399201106 3949111 ....... .......... 3949111

3399201111 3949114 ....... .......... 3949114

3399201116 3949117 ....... .......... 3949117

3399201121 3949118 ....... .......... 3949118

3399201126 3949120 ....... .......... 3949120

3399201131 3949121 ....... .......... 3949121

3399201YWV 3949100 ...... .......... 3949100

3399203 39492 ........... ............ 39492

3399203101 3949231 ....... .......... 3949231

3399203206 3949241 ....... .......... 3949241

3399203311 3949245 ....... .......... 3949245

3399203416 3949247 ....... .......... 3949247

3399203421 3949298 ....... .......... 3949298

3399203YWV 3949200 ...... .......... 3949200

3399205 39493 ........... ............ 39493

3399205101 3949301 ....... .......... 3949301

3399205106 3949302 ....... .......... 3949302

3399205YWV 3949300 ...... .......... 3949300

3399207 39494 ........... ............ 39494

3399207101 3949401 ....... .......... 3949401

3399207111 3949411 ....... .......... 3949402 pt

3399207121 3949421 ....... .......... 3949406 pt

3399207131 pt 3949431 pt ..... ........ 3949402 pt

3399207131 pt 3949431 pt ..... ........ 3949403

3399207131 pt 3949431 pt ..... ........ 3949406 pt

3399207141 3949441 ....... .......... 3949406 pt

3399207151 3949451 ....... .......... 3949406 pt

3399207199 pt 3949499 pt ..... ........ 3949404

3399207199 pt 3949499 pt ..... ........ 3949405

3399207199 pt 3949499 pt ..... ........ 3949406 pt

3399207YWV 3949400 ...... .......... 3949400

3399209 39495 ........... ............ 39495

3399209101 3949511 ....... .......... 3949511

3399209106 3949515 ....... .......... 3949515

3399209111 3949527 ....... .......... 3949527

3399209116 3949528 ....... .......... 3949528

339920911A 3949569 ....... .......... 3949569

339920911F 3949575 ....... .......... 3949575

339920911K 3949577 ....... .......... 3949577

339920911P 3949581 ....... .......... 3949593 pt

339920911U 3949592 ....... .......... 3949592

339920911Y 3949583 ....... .......... 3949593 pt

3399209121 3949530 ....... .......... 3949530 3399209126 3949536 ....... .......... 3949536 339920912A 3949596 ....... .......... 3949596 339920912F 3949594 ....... .......... 3949594 339920912K 3949595 ....... .......... 3949595 339920912P 3949597 ....... .......... 3949597 339920912U pt 3949599 pt ..... ........ 3949589 339920912U pt 3949599 pt ..... ........ 3949599 3399209131 3949537 ....... .......... 3949537 3399209136 3949538 ....... .......... 3949538

3399209141 3949539 ....... .......... 3949539 3399209146 3949541 ....... .......... 3949541 3399209151 3949551 ....... .......... 3949551 3399209156 pt 3949561 pt ..... ........ 3949564 3399209156 pt 3949561 pt ..... ........ 3949586 3399209161 3949591 ....... .......... 3949591 3399209166 3949585 ....... .......... 3949585 3399209171 3949572 ....... .......... 3949553 pt 3399209176 3949574 ....... .......... 3949553 pt 3399209181 3949576 ....... .......... 3949553 pt

3399209186 3949556 ....... .......... 3949556

3399209191 3949571 ....... .......... 3949571 pt

3399209193 3949565 ....... .......... 3949571 pt

3399209196 3949570 ....... .......... 3949570

3399209YWV 3949500 ...... .......... 3949500

339920W 39490 .......... ............ 39490

339920WYWW 3949000 ..... .......... 3949000

339920WYWY 3949002 ..... .......... 3949002

3399310 39420 ........... ............ 39420

3399310106 3942012 ....... .......... 3942012

3399310111 3942021 ....... .......... 3942021

3399310131 3942056 ....... .......... 3942056

3399310216 3942043 ....... .......... 3942043

3399310301 3942008 ....... .......... 3942008

3399310321 3942053 ....... .......... 3942053 3399310326 3942054 ....... .......... 3942054 3399310YWW 3942000 ...... .......... 3942000 3399310YWY 3942002 ...... .......... 3942002

3399321 39443 pt ........... .......... 39443 pt 3399321101 3944316 ....... .......... 3944316 3399321106 3944326 ....... .......... 3944346 pt 3399321111 3944381 ....... .......... 3944381 3399321116 3944397 ....... .......... 3944397 3399321YWV 3944300 pt ...... ........ 3944300 pt

3399323 39444 ........... ............ 39444 3399323111 3944415 ....... .......... 3944415 3399323116 3944421 ....... .......... 3944421 3399323121 3944423 ....... .......... 3944423 3399323126 3944424 ....... .......... 3944424

3399323131 3944428 ....... .......... 3944428

3399323201 3944411 ....... .......... 3944411

3399323206 3944413 ....... .......... 3944413

3399323236 3944429 ....... .......... 3944429

3399323241 3944431 ....... .......... 3944431

3399323256 3944439 ....... .......... 3944439

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3399323261 3944441 ....... .......... 3944441

3399323271 3944495 ....... .......... 3944495

3399323276 pt 3944499 pt ..... ........ 3944420

3399323276 pt 3944499 pt ..... ........ 3944432

3399323276 pt 3944499 pt ..... ........ 3944499

3399323346 3944436 ....... .......... 3944436

3399323451 3944437 ....... .......... 3944437

3399323566 3944443 ....... .......... 3944443

3399323YWV 3944400 ...... .......... 3944400

3399325 39445 ........... ............ 39445

3399325101 3944511 ....... .......... 3944511

3399325106 3944513 ....... .......... 3944513

3399325111 3944516 ....... .......... 3944516

3399325116 3944519 ....... .......... 3944519

3399325121 3944521 ....... .......... 3944521

3399325226 3944523 ....... .......... 3944523

3399325231 3944525 ....... .......... 3944525

3399325236 3944530 ....... .......... 3944530

3399325YWV 3944500 ...... .......... 3944500

3399327 39446 ........... ............ 39446 3399327101 pt 3944615 pt ..... ........ 3944615 3399327101 pt 3944615 pt ..... ........ 3944618 3399327206 3944621 ....... .......... 3944621 3399327211 3944624 ....... .......... 3944624 3399327216 3944627 ....... .......... 3944627 3399327221 3944695 ....... .......... 3944695 3399327226 3944696 ....... .......... 3944696 3399327YWV 3944600 ...... .......... 3944600

3399329 39447 ........... ............ 39447

3399329100 pt 3944700 ..... .......... 3944700

3399329100 pt 3944718 pt ..... ........ 3944712

3399329100 pt 3944718 pt ..... ........ 3944714

3399329100 pt 3944718 pt ..... ........ 3944716

339932W 39440 pt .......... .......... 39440 pt

339932WYWW 3944000 pt ..... ........ 3944000 pt

339932WYWY 3944002 pt ..... ........ 3944002 pt

3399411 39511 ........... ............ 39511

3399411101 3951102 ....... .......... 3951102

3399411206 3951104 ....... .......... 3951104

3399411311 3951113 ....... .......... 3951113

3399411YWV 3951100 ...... .......... 3951100

3399413 39512 ........... ............ 39512

3399413101 3951202 ....... .......... 3951202

3399413206 3951206 ....... .......... 3951206

3399413YWV 3951200 ...... .......... 3951200

3399415 39513 ........... ............ 39513 3399415101 3951305 ....... .......... 3951305 3399415106 3951310 ....... .......... 3951310 3399415111 3951313 ....... .......... 3951313 3399415116 3951325 ....... .......... 3951325 3399415YWV 3951300 ...... .......... 3951300

339941W 39510 .......... ............ 39510

339941WYWW 3951000 ..... .......... 3951000

339941WYWY 3951002 ..... .......... 3951002

3399421 pt 25311 pt ......... .......... 25311 pt

3399421 pt 39523 ......... ............ 39523

3399421101 3952310 ....... .......... 3952310

3399421106 3952313 ....... .......... 3952313

3399421211 3952322 ....... .......... 3952322

3399421316 2531191 ....... .......... 2531198 pt

3399421YWV pt 2531100 pt .... ........ 2531100 pt

3399421YWV pt 3952300 .... .......... 3952300

3399423 39524 pt ........... .......... 39524 pt

3399423101 3952414 ....... .......... 3952413 pt

3399423206 3952421 ....... .......... 3952419 pt

3399423YWV 3952400 pt ...... ........ 3952400 pt

3399425 35799 pt ........... .......... 35799 pt

3399425000 pt 3579900 pt ..... ........ 3579900 pt

3399425000 pt 3579930 ..... .......... 3579900 pt

339942W pt 25310 pt ........ .......... 25310 pt

339942W pt 35790 pt ........ .......... 35790 pt

339942W pt 39520 pt ........ .......... 39520 pt

339942WYWW pt 2531000 pt ... ........ 2531000 pt

339942WYWW pt 3579000 pt ... ........ 3579000 pt

339942WYWW pt 3952000 pt ... ........ 3952000 pt

339942WYWY pt 2531002 pt ... ........ 2531002 pt

339942WYWY pt 3579002 pt ... ........ 3579002 pt

339942WYWY pt 3952002 pt ... ........ 3952002 pt

3399430 39530 ........... ............ 39530

3399430101 3953013 ....... .......... 3953013

3399430106 3953015 ....... .......... 3953015

3399430211 3953033 ....... .......... 3953033

3399430316 3953035 ....... .......... 3953035

3399430321 3953037 ....... .......... 3953037

3399430326 3953098 ....... .......... 3953098

3399430YWW 3953000 ...... .......... 3953000

3399430YWY 3953002 ...... .......... 3953002

3399441 39551 ........... ............ 39551

3399441106 3955115 ....... .......... 3955115

3399441201 3955110 ....... .......... 3955110

3399441211 3955120 ....... .......... 3955120

3399441YWV 3955100 ...... .......... 3955100

3399443 39552 ........... ............ 39552

3399443100 3955200 ....... .......... 3955200

339944W 39550 .......... ............ 39550

339944WYWW 3955000 ..... .......... 3955000

339944WYWY 3955002 ..... .......... 3955002

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3399501 39931 ........... ............ 39931

3399501101 3993112 ....... .......... 3993112

3399501206 3993113 ....... .......... 3993113

3399501311 3993114 ....... .......... 3993114

3399501316 3993115 ....... .......... 3993115

3399501321 3993116 ....... .......... 3993116

3399501YWV 3993100 ...... .......... 3993100

3399503 39932 ........... ............ 39932

3399503101 pt 3993201 pt ..... ........ 3993212

3399503101 pt 3993201 pt ..... ........ 3993262 pt

3399503101 pt 3993201 pt ..... ........ 3993278 pt

3399503106 pt 3993203 pt ..... ........ 3993222

3399503106 pt 3993203 pt ..... ........ 3993252 pt

3399503106 pt 3993203 pt ..... ........ 3993272 pt

3399503106 pt 3993203 pt ..... ........ 3993276 pt

3399503106 pt 3993203 pt ..... ........ 3993288 pt

3399503111 pt 3993205 pt ..... ........ 3993232

3399503111 pt 3993205 pt ..... ........ 3993262 pt

3399503111 pt 3993205 pt ..... ........ 3993278 pt

3399503116 pt 3993207 pt ..... ........ 3993242 3399503116 pt 3993207 pt ..... ........ 3993252 pt

3399503116 pt 3993207 pt ..... ........ 3993272 pt

3399503116 pt 3993207 pt ..... ........ 3993276 pt

3399503116 pt 3993207 pt ..... ........ 3993288 pt

3399503121 pt 3993209 pt ..... ........ 3993262 pt

3399503121 pt 3993209 pt ..... ........ 3993278 pt

3399503126 pt 3993211 pt ..... ........ 3993252 pt

3399503126 pt 3993211 pt ..... ........ 3993272 pt

3399503126 pt 3993211 pt ..... ........ 3993276 pt

3399503126 pt 3993211 pt ..... ........ 3993288 pt 3399503YWV 3993200 ...... .......... 3993200

3399505 39933 ........... ............ 39933

3399505101 3993311 ....... .......... 3993300 pt

3399505106 3993351 ....... .......... 3993300 pt

3399505YWV 3993300 ...... .......... 3993300 pt

339950W 39930 .......... ............ 39930

339950WYWW 3993000 ..... .......... 3993000

339950WYWY 3993002 ..... .......... 3993002

3399911 30534 ........... ............ 30534

3399911111 3053415 ....... .......... 3053415

3399911121 pt 3053419 pt ..... ........ 3053411

3399911121 pt 3053419 pt ..... ........ 3053418

3399911YWV 3053400 ...... .......... 3053400

3399913 30535 ........... ............ 30535

3399913111 3053515 ....... .......... 3053515

3399913221 3053524 ....... .......... 3053531 pt

3399913331 3053517 ....... .......... 3053517

3399913341 3053519 ....... .......... 3053519

3399913351 pt 3053529 pt ..... ........ 3053511 3399913351 pt 3053529 pt ..... ........ 3053513 3399913351 pt 3053529 pt ..... ........ 3053521 3399913351 pt 3053529 pt ..... ........ 3053531 pt 3399913YWV 3053500 ...... .......... 3053500

3399915 30536 ........... ............ 30536 3399915111 3053621 ....... .......... 3053621 3399915221 3053622 ....... .......... 3053622 3399915231 3053625 ....... .......... 3053625 3399915241 3053626 ....... .......... 3053626 3399915251 3053630 ....... .......... 3053630 3399915261 3053635 ....... .......... 3053635 3399915YWV 3053600 ...... .......... 3053600

3399917 30537 ........... ............ 30537 3399917111 3053729 ....... .......... 3053729 3399917121 3053748 ....... .......... 3053748 3399917YWV 3053700 ...... .......... 3053700

3399918 30538 ........... ............ 30538 3399918111 3053810 ....... .......... 3053810 3399918121 3053813 ....... .......... 3053813 3399918131 3053815 ....... .......... 3053815 3399918141 3053819 ....... .......... 3053819 3399918251 3053817 ....... .......... 3053817 3399918YWV 3053800 ...... .......... 3053800

3399919 30539 ........... ............ 30539 3399919111 3053970 ....... .......... 3053970 3399919121 3053973 ....... .......... 3053973 3399919131 3053975 ....... .......... 3053975 3399919141 3053977 ....... .......... 3053977

3399919151 pt 3053989 pt ..... ........ 3053979

3399919151 pt 3053989 pt ..... ........ 3053981

3399919YWV 3053900 ...... .......... 3053900

339991W 30530 .......... ............ 30530

339991WYWW 3053000 ..... .......... 3053000

339991WYWY 3053002 ..... .......... 3053002

3399921 39311 ........... ............ 39311

3399921101 pt 3931141 pt ..... ........ 3931111

3399921101 pt 3931141 pt ..... ........ 3931115

3399921106 3931151 ....... .......... 3931151

3399921YWV 3931100 ...... .......... 3931100

3399923 39312 ........... ............ 39312

3399923101 3931211 ....... .......... 3931211 3399923106 3931251 ....... .......... 3931251 3399923YWV 3931200 ...... .......... 3931200

3399925 39313 ........... ............ 39313 3399925101 3931311 ....... .......... 3931311 3399925106 3931351 ....... .......... 3931351 3399925YWV 3931300 ...... .......... 3931300

G–2 APPENDIX G MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3399927 39314 ........... ............ 39314

3399927116 pt 3931437 pt ..... ........ 3931450

3399927116 pt 3931437 pt ..... ........ 3931452

3399927201 3931413 ....... .......... 3931413

3399927206 3931415 ....... .......... 3931415

3399927211 3931427 ....... .......... 3931427

3399927221 3931488 ....... .......... 3931488

3399927226 3931498 ....... .......... 3931498

3399927331 3931431 ....... .......... 3931431

3399927YWV 3931400 ...... .......... 3931400

339992W 39310 .......... ............ 39310

339992WYWW 3931000 ..... .......... 3931000

339992WYWY 3931002 ..... .......... 3931002

3399931 pt 31310 pt ......... .......... 31310 pt

3399931 pt 39651 ......... ............ 39651

3399931101 pt 3965131 pt ..... ........ 3965101

3399931101 pt 3965131 pt ..... ........ 3965109

3399931106 pt 3965133 pt ..... ........ 3965111

3399931106 pt 3965133 pt ..... ........ 3965119

3399931111 pt 3131032 ..... .......... 3131061 pt

3399931111 pt 3965135 pt ..... ........ 3965121

3399931111 pt 3965135 pt ..... ........ 3965129

3399931YWV pt 3131000 pt .... ........ 3131000 pt

3399931YWV pt 3965100 .... .......... 3965100

3399933 39654 ........... ............ 39654 3399933101 pt 3965441 pt ..... ........ 3965422 3399933101 pt 3965441 pt ..... ........ 3965423 3399933106 pt 3965443 pt ..... ........ 3965431 3399933106 pt 3965443 pt ..... ........ 3965433 3399933106 pt 3965443 pt ..... ........ 3965439 3399933YWV 3965400 ...... .......... 3965400

3399935 39656 ........... ............ 39656

3399935101 3965620 ....... .......... 3965620

3399935106 3965625 ....... .......... 3965625

3399935111 3965633 ....... .......... 3965633

3399935116 3965651 ....... .......... 3965651

3399935121 3965671 ....... .......... 3965671

3399935126 pt 3965691 pt ..... ........ 3965681

3399935126 pt 3965691 pt ..... ........ 3965689

3399935YWV 3965600 ...... .......... 3965600

339993W pt 31310 pt ........ .......... 31310 pt

339993W pt 39650 ........ ............ 39650 339993WYWW pt 3131000 pt ... ........ 3131000 pt

339993WYWW pt 3965000 ... .......... 3965000 339993WYWY pt 3131002 pt ... ........ 3131002 pt

339993WYWY pt 3965002 ... .......... 3965002

3399941 pt 23924 pt ......... .......... 23924 pt

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

3399941 pt 39911 ......... ............ 39911

3399941101 3991113 ....... .......... 3991113

3399941106 3991198 ....... .......... 3991198

3399941311 2392471 ....... .......... 2392471

3399941316 2392473 ....... .......... 2392473

3399941321 2392475 ....... .......... 2392475

3399941YWV pt 2392400 pt .... ........ 2392400 pt

3399941YWV pt 3991100 .... .......... 3991100

3399943 39912 ........... ............ 39912

3399943101 pt 3991251 pt ..... ........ 3991211

3399943101 pt 3991251 pt ..... ........ 3991233

3399943206 3991243 ....... .......... 3991243

3399943211 pt 3991253 pt ..... ........ 3991281

3399943211 pt 3991253 pt ..... ........ 3991283

3399943211 pt 3991253 pt ..... ........ 3991285

3399943YWV 3991200 ...... .......... 3991200

3399945 39913 ........... ............ 39913 3399945101 3991321 ....... .......... 3991321 3399945106 pt 3991328 pt ..... ........ 3991327 3399945106 pt 3991328 pt ..... ........ 3991329 3399945211 3991336 ....... .......... 3991336 3399945216 3991338 ....... .......... 3991338 3399945221 3991343 ....... .......... 3991343 3399945226 3991398 ....... .......... 3991398 3399945YWV 3991300 ...... .......... 3991300

339994W pt 23920 pt ........ .......... 23920 pt

339994W pt 39910 ........ ............ 39910 339994WYWW pt 2392000 pt ... ........ 2392000 pt

339994WYWW pt 3991000 ... .......... 3991000 339994WYWY pt 2392002 pt ... ........ 2392002 pt

339994WYWY pt 3991002 ... .......... 3991002

3399951 39951 ........... ............ 39951 3399951101 3995113 ....... .......... 3995113 3399951206 3995115 ....... .......... 3995115 3399951YWV 3995100 ...... .......... 3995100

3399953 39952 ........... ............ 39952

3399953101 3995211 ....... .......... 3995211

3399953106 3995252 ....... .......... 3995252

3399953YWV 3995200 ...... .......... 3995200

3399955 39953 ........... ............ 39953

3399955100 pt 3995300 pt ..... ........ 3995300

3399955100 pt 3995300 pt ..... ........ 3995311

3399955100 pt 3995300 pt ..... ........ 3995331

3399955100 pt 3995300 pt ..... ........ 3995358

3399955100 pt 3995300 pt ..... ........ 3995393

1997 published 1997 collected 1992 published

339995W 39950 .......... ............ 39950

339995WYWW 3995000 ..... .......... 3995000

339995WYWY 3995002 ..... .......... 3995002

3399991 39991 ........... ............ 39991

3399991101 3999113 ....... .......... 3999113

3399991106 3999117 ....... .......... 3999117

3399991111 3999140 ....... .......... 3999140

3399991116 3999170 ....... .......... 3999170

3399991121 3999171 ....... .......... 3999171

3399991YWV 3999100 ...... .......... 3999100

3399993 39992 ........... ............ 39992

3399993101 3999222 ....... .......... 3999222

3399993106 3999299 ....... .......... 3999299

3399993YWV 3999200 ...... .......... 3999200

3399995 39994 ........... ............ 39994

3399995100 3999400 ....... .......... 3999400

3399997 39997 ........... ............ 39997 3399997100 3999700 ....... .......... 3999700

3399999 39998 ........... ............ 39998

3399999101 3999813 ....... .......... 3999813

3399999106 pt 3999816 pt ..... ........ 3999815

3399999106 pt 3999816 pt ..... ........ 3999817

3399999111 3999821 ....... .......... 3999821

3399999YWV 3999800 ...... .......... 3999800

339999C 24991 pt .......... .......... 24991 pt

339999C101 2499111 ....... .......... 2499111 339999C206 2499161 ....... .......... 2499161 339999C311 2499115 ....... .......... 2499115 339999C316 2499171 ....... .......... 2499171 339999CYWV 2499100 pt ...... ........ 2499100 pt

339999H 39999 pt .......... .......... 39999 pt

339999H101 3999907 ....... .......... 3999907

339999H106 3999909 ....... .......... 3999911 pt

339999H111 3999951 ....... .......... 3999951

339999H121 3999981 ....... .......... 3999981

339999H151 pt 3999997 pt ..... ........ 3999913 pt

339999H151 pt 3999997 pt ..... ........ 3999924

339999H151 pt 3999997 pt ..... ........ 3999942 pt

339999H151 pt 3999997 pt ..... ........ 3999944 pt

339999H151 pt 3999997 pt ..... ........ 3999999 pt

339999HYWV 3999900 pt ...... ........ 3999900 pt

339999W pt 24990 pt ........ .......... 24990 pt

339999W pt 39990 pt ........ .......... 39990 pt

339999WYWW pt 2499000 pt ... ........ 2499000 pt

339999WYWW pt 3999000 pt ... ........ 3999000 pt

339999WYWY pt 2499002 pt ... ........ 2499002 pt

339999WYWY pt 3999002 pt ... ........ 3999002 pt

MANUFACTURINGmINDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX G G–3

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census
EC97M-3399B 1997 Silverware and Plated Ware Manufacturing 1997 Economic Census Manufacturing Industry Series USCENSUSBUREAU