### • I UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON , D.C. 20460 

## MAR 03 

## 2011

MEMORANDUM

. - OFFICE
. Of**CH~ICAL ~ElY**  AND POLLUTION PREVENTION



### SUBJECT: 

## BEAD Chemical Protile for Registration Review: Flumioxazin (pC Code 129034) 

### FROM:

## Moni~haKauJ,Biologist**m~}W ~** **BiOIOgiC~ AnalYS~S**  BTa:llch

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### PnelQ, EnvtrOnmentaI'Prj ec:lio-;;'speclahst 

# I Science In,fonnation 

## an4 Analysis

_ Branch 

### Elir.abetb**IUU~** 

### Economist Economic**Analy~is** 

### Branch Biological and**~nomic** 

### Analysis Division (7503P) Ar.net Jones, Chief Biological Analysis Branch Diapn

# S~, Chief

# ;fJ~ Science Jnfonnation and

- Analysis Branch Timothy Kiely, C,hief

# ~ \f'J'-: Economic Analysis Branch

- : Biological and**Economi~** 

### Analyst ivision (750 P) Kathryp Jakob, Chemical Review Manager**Ri~k** 

### Management 

### and Implementation Branch 4 Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P) 

### Prq4uct Revjew Panel Dat,: I)ecember 

### 1, 2010 INTRQDUCTION The following is th¢ Biolggical and Economic Analysis Division (BEAD) Chexpical

- Profile (BCP) for**Regi~tra~on R~vi~w**  

### ofthe chemical flumioxazjn. The pliipose ofa aCp**i~** to 

### convey U$3.ge information**~d** 

### a broad overview ofthe pest management roles ofpesticiqes that are beginping registration review. The intended audiences for tliis document are the OPF registration review team and**th~** 

### general pUblic. This document builds upon the 

### data already provided in the



### 1"Usage and Label Use Data Packages" that are also provided to Registration Review teams by BEAD. Flumioxazin is anN-phenylphthalimide herbicide and The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee and Weed Science Society ofAmerica (WSSA) classify this herbicide in group 

### E/14. Its mode ofaction is the inhibition ofprotoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO). It can be applied preor post-emergence to provide contact and residual control ofa wide range ofbroad leafweeds and some grasses. Flumioxazin can also be used in fall an4 spring preplant burndown programs and may be tank mixed with other herbicides to broaden the spectrum ofweed control. 

### In addition, flumioxazin can be used to maintain bare**gr~und** non-crop areas. 

### USE SITES Flumioxazin is registered for use on a wide range ofuse sites including agricultural fruits, vegetables, grains, and field crops; forestry, ornamental plants, lawns, and trees; and nonagricultural sites such as rights-of-way, commercial and industrial areas. 

### COMMON FORMULATIONS AND APPLICATION METHODS Most flumioxazin products are formulated as water dispersible granules, and a few ofthem are available as an emulsifiable concentrate. Types ofapplication include foliar and soil treatments. Aerial applications can also be made by all products except BroadStarTM.


### USAGE Agricultural Usage Based on private market pesticide usage data, the annual total agricultural usage averaged almost 400 thousand pounds ofactive ingredient (A.I.) for about 4.5 million acres from 2006-2008 (GfK Kynetec, 1998-2008). The use offlumioxazin, in pounds A.I. and acres treated, has been increasing since 2001, when it was first registered. (GfK Kynetec, 1998-2008) From 2006-2008, the largest markets in terms oftotal pounds ofactive ingredient applied were: soybeans (41 %), almonds (14%), and cotton (12%). (GfK Kynetec, 1998-2008) From 2006-2008, the largest markets 

### in terms oftotal area treated were: soybeans (55%), cotton (18%), peanuts (8%), and com (6%). (GfK Kynetec, 1998-2008) The states with the most agricultural usage in terms ofPounds A. I. applied were: California (32%), Illinois (7%), and Georgia (6%). The states with the most total area treated (TAT) were: California (10%), Illinois (9%), and Arkansas (8%). (GfK Kynetec, 1998-2008)

. Non-Agricultural Usage



### 2

### BEAD reviewed available non-agricultural · sources and found information was limited to use of tlumioxazin 

### in nurseries/greenhouses (2,174Ibs. AI in 2006). (Kline Studies, Inc., 2006) In terms ofother agricultural and non-agricultural usage, information**~** 

### limited to flumioxazin for landscape use (984 lbs AI in 2006) (Kline Studies, Inc., 2006). 

## us:t; TRENDS**Figm~** 

### 1depicts usage trends, in terms ofpounds applied, for flumioxazin's largest agricultural**~ar~ets. Th~** **~ata** 

### in this section are provided for preliminary scoping purposes. The use of flumioxazip has been increasing since 2001 (Fig. 1). Recent increases in**soyb~ans** 

### (Fig. 2) are likely**be a~**  

### two new products were registered in 2007 for soybeans
. which contained a new combination oftbree active ingredients. Over the span portrayed below, flumioxazin's major uses are**~pybeans,** 

### almonds, cotton, and wine grapes . 

### Figure 1. 

### Usage trends (2001-2008) in terms ofpounds applied for flumioxazin main agricultural use sites. (GfK Kynetec, 2001-2008) 60Q,QOO**---------------------------------------- --** **---- --** 

;( 

# J

o 2003 "

. 2001**~002** 2004 2005

. ,< 2009 2007 2008 

### Year
•**$oyb~ans** • Almonds
_ CQtton • Grapes, Wine •**AlI9th~r Crop~**  Note on above graph: "All other Crops" refers to Apples, Apricots, Beans (Snap, Bush, Pole, String),

Cane\>erries, Cherries, Com, Cucumbers, Dry BeansiPeas,**F~low,** Grapes (Raisin, Table), Onions, Peaches, Peanq.ts,**Pear~,** Peppers, Pistachios, Plums/Prunes, Potatoes, PumpJ.4ns,**~~,** Sorghum (Milo), Strawbeiries, Sunflowers, Sweet Com, Tobacco, Walnuts, and Winter · Wheat.
.



### 3

### Figure 2. Total pounds oftlumioxazin applied to soybeans, per year (2001-2008). (GtK. Kynetec, 2001-2008) 

# Soybeans 280,000



# o 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year



### BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS RELEVANT TO FLUMIOXAZIN Based ona recent BEAD review offiumioxazin, it is a valuable tool inresistance management (Chism,2008). However, a few reports ofweed resistance (pigweed, 

### Amaranthus quitensis; tall waterhemp, 

### Amaranthus tuberculatus; common ragweed, 

### Amrosia artemisiifolia; and wild poinsettia, 

### Euphorbia heterophylla) to PPO inhibitors is cited by WSSA (2010)
. There is one case that specifically reports flumioxazin resistance in common ragweed.


### mSTORY OF BEAD ASSESSMENTS FOR FLUMIOXAZIN**Th~re** hav.e
.. been multiple emergency exemption (Section 18) requests -for the use offlumioxazin
. Ofthe requestS reviewed by BEAD, all were located in Louisiana and Mississippi and were for broadcast weed applications, pigweed, or morning glories. For a complete list ofthese requests, please see Attachment A. Additionally, BEAD rev.iewed a justification for the extension ofan exclusive use period for flumioxazin in 2008. BEAD found that flumioxazin's use 

### in the following 11 crops met at least one ofthe criteria for an exclusive use extension period: asparagus, blueberry, cherry, melon, mint, onion,
.pepper, peach, pear, plum and strawberry (DP# 353507). An extension to the exclusive use period may be allowed ifcertain criteria are met. FIFRA 5 3(c)(l)(F)(ii) states the following:

4The period ofexclusive data use provided under clause (i) shall be extended 1 a4ditional year for each 3 minor uses registered 'after the date of enactment ofthis clause [August 3, 19961 and within 7 years ofthe commencement ofthe exclusive**~e** period, up to a total of 3 a4ditional years for all minor uses' registered by the Administrator if the Adn?inistrator, in**cons~ltation** with the**Se~retary** ofAgrictilture, determines that, pased on**infoI1l}atio~** provided by an applicant for registratioQ. or a registrant, that

- 

### (I) there jp"e msufficient**effica~ious** alternative registere4 pesticides available for the Wle; (11) the alternatives to the minor use pesticide pose greater risks to the environment or human health; (111) the minor use pesticide plays or will play a significant part in managing pest resistance; or (IV) t4e minor use pesticide plays or will play a , significant part in an integrated pest ma.p.agement program. The registration of a pesticide for a minor use on a crop grouping**e~tablished** by the Administrator shall be considered for purposes of this clause 1 minor use for each representative crop for which data are provided in the crop grouping
. 

### DATA**~EDS** 

### RELEVANT TO BEAD'S FUTURE WORK ON FLUMIOXAZIN Obtaining a4ditional ipfonnation on the following items would improve future BEAD assessments ofthe importance ofFlumioxatin , and may be required as part ofthe registration review ofthis pesticide
. • Apyadditional information ofweed resistance that applies to 'flumioxazin use. • Any information on non-agricultural use sites such and usage data, weed resistance information, and possible alternatives.


### REFERENCES Chism. B., 2008. Review of justification for extension ofexclusive use period for flumioxazin (DP 353507)
. Unpublised EPA document. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2010. Section 18 Actions. Accessed November 23, 2010 Online: http://cfpub 1.epa
.gov/oppref/section18/search.cfm GfK Kynetec, 1998-2008, Proprietary Data Kline Studies, Inc., 2006, Proprietary Data Weed Science Society ofAmerica (WSSA), 2010. PPO Inhibitors (E/14) Resistant Weeds. Accessed November 22, 2010 Online: ' http://www.weedscience.orgiSummary/UspeciesMOA.asp?lstMOAID=8



### 5, • I • ATTACHMENT A

ALFALFA COTTON COTTON

PUMPKIN SUGARCANE
SWEET POTATO SWEET POTATO SWEET POTATO

SWEET POTATO BROADLEAF WEEDS "BROADLEAF WEEDS WEEDS

WEEDS (WATERHEMP) MORNING GLORY BROADLEAF WEEDS BROADLEAF WEEDS BROADLEAF WEEDS WEEDS PIGWEED PIGWEED ARIZONA 812612004 9/1212006 ISSUED ARKANSAS 5/1212003 8126/2003 DENIED ARKANSAS 4/17/2001 5/31/2001 , WITHDRAWN

ILLINOIS 4/10/2006 61212006 WITHDRAWN LOUISIANA 4/30/2001 8/312001 DENIED INCOMPLETE - LOUISIANA 3/312003 3/13/2003 OUTSTANDING DATA REQUESTED LOUISIANA 6/1912003 6/19/2003 CRISIS APPROVED LOUISIANA 51712004 51712004 CRISIS APPROVED LOUISIANA 2117/2004 5113/2004 ISSUED MISSISSIPPI 3/18/2003 811312003 WITHDRAWN MISSISSIPPI 2124/2004 5/13/2004 ISSUED Source: EPA (2010); BEAD Official Records. 274398, 274397

274685, 274684

288965 

## * BEAD's official records indicate that a review was conducted for an emergency exemption request for the use of flumixazin on beans,to control for silverleafwhitefly in Georgia in 2001 (DP# 276060, 276061).



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