Long Term Resource Monitoring Program

Program Report

99-P003

Limnological Monitoring on the Upper

Mississippi River System, 1993–1996: 

Lake City Field Station

October 1999
The Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center issues LTRMP Program Reports

to provide Long Term Resource Monitoring Program partners

with programmatic documentation, procedures manuals, and annual status reports.

Upper Midwest Environmental

Sciences Center

PROGRAM MANAGER

Robert L. Delaney

ACTING MONITORING SCIENCES AND

COORDINATION DIVISION MANAGER

Kennith S. Lubinski

CHIEF, SUPPORT SERVICES

Barbara A. Deml

REPORT EDITOR

Deborah K. Harris

Cover graphic by Mi Ae Lipe-Butterbrodt

Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement

or recommendation for use by the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.
Limnological Monitoring on the Upper

Mississippi River System, 1993–1996:

Lake City Field Station

by

David M. Soballe, Robert Burdis, and Walt Popp

October 1999

U.S. Geological Survey

Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center

2630 Fanta Reed Road

La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603

This PDF file may appear different from the printed report

because of slight variations incurred by electronic transmission.

The substance of the report remains unchanged.
Suggested citation:

Soballe, D. M., R. Burdis, and W. Popp. 1999. Limnological monitoring on the Upper Mississippi River System, 1993–1996:

Lake City Field Station. U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin,

October 1999. LTRMP 99-P003. 17 pp. + Appendixes A–F

Additional copies of this report may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road,

Springfield, VA 22161 (1-800-553-6847 or 703-487-4650). Also available to registered users from the Defense Technical

Information Center, Attn: Help Desk, 8725 Kingman Road, Suite 0944, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6218 (1-800-225-3842 or

703-767-9050).
iii

Contents

Page

Preface ......................................................................... v

Abstract ........................................................................ 1

Introduction ..................................................................... 1

The Upper Mississippi River System .................................................. 2

Methods ........................................................................ 6

Study Area ................................................................... 6

Monitoring Network and Sampling Design .......................................... 7

Sample Collection ............................................................ 10

Laboratory Analyses ........................................................... 10

Quality Assurance and Quality Control Procedures ................................... 11

Results ........................................................................ 11

River Discharge Regime ........................................................ 11

Fixed-site Sampling ........................................................... 12

Sample Collection and Field Measurements ..................................... 12

Fixed-site Sampling Data .................................................... 13

Stratified Random Sampling .................................................... 14

Sample Collection and Field Measurements ..................................... 14

Stratified Random Sampling Data ............................................. 15

Summary and Recommendations .................................................... 16

References ..................................................................... 16

Appendix A. Fixed-site Sampling Sites: January 1993–December 1996 ..................... A-1

Appendix B. Stratified Random Sampling Sites: January 1993–December 1996 ............... B-1

Appendix C. Limnological Parameters Measured in the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program C-1

Appendix D. Water Quality Sample Collection ........................................ D-1

Appendix E. Fixed-site Sampling Data: January 1993–December 1996 ...................... E-1

Appendix F. Stratified Random Sampling Data: 1993–1996 .............................. F-1
iv

Tables

Page

1a. Dams on the Upper Mississippi River .............................................. 5

1b. Dams on the Illinois River ....................................................... 6

2. Period of operation for each of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program field stations .... 8

Figures

1. The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) study area ...................... 3

2. Water surface elevation (meters above mean sea level [msl]) of the Mississippi River from the head

of navigation near St. Paul, Minnesota, to the confluence of the Ohio River near Cairo, Illinois . . 4

3. Water elevation (meters above mean sea level) at Lock and Dam 3 Tailwater from 1993–1996 

(solid line) compared with the average elevation for each day of the year from 1940 to 1996 

(dashed line). ................................................................ 12
v

Preface

The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) was authorized under the Water Resources

Development Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-662) as an element of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’

Environmental Management Program. The LTRMP is being implemented by the Upper Midwest

Environmental Sciences Center (formerlyEnvironmental Management Technical Center), a U.S. Geological

Survey science center, in cooperation with the five Upper Mississippi River System (UMRS) States of Illinois,

Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers provides guidance and has

overall Program responsibility. The mode of operation and respective roles of the agencies are outlined in a

1988 Memorandum of Agreement.

The UMRS encompasses the commercially navigable reaches of the Upper Mississippi River, as well as

the IllinoisRiver and navigable portions of the Kaskaskia, Black, St. Croix, and Minnesota Rivers. Congress

has declared the UMRS to be both a nationally significant ecosystem and a nationally significant commercial

navigation system. The mission of the LTRMP is to provide decision makers with information for maintaining

the UMRS as a sustainable large river ecosystem given its multiple-use character. The long-term goals of the

Program are to understand the system, determine resource trends and effects, develop management

alternatives, manage information, and develop useful products.

In this report, limnological monitoring conducted by theLTRMP Lake City Field Station from 1993 to 1996

is summarized. Reports of this type provide a synopsis of the collected data and collection methods, as well

as a preliminary report of remarkable or unusual conditions in the system. They are intended to be produced

annually.

This report was prepared under Task 2.2.3.6, Evaluate and Summarize Current Monitoring Results,

of the Operating Plan (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1993). This report was developed with funding provided

by the LTRMP.
Limnological Monitoring on the Upper

Mississippi River System, 1993–1996:

Lake City Field Station

by 

David M. Soballe

U.S. Geological Survey

Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center

2630 Fanta Reed Road

La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603

Robert Burdis and Walt Popp

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources

LTRMP Lake City Field Station

1801 South Oak Street

Lake City, Minnesota 55041

Abstract: Since 1988, the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) staff have performed basic

limnological field measurements in the Upper Mississippi River System. The period of this report (1993–96)

includes a major revision of the LTRMP sampling design in 1993 that added randomization, broader spatial

coverage, and increased monitoring of tributaries and locations that allow monitoring of material transport.

Monitoring by the Lake City (Minnesota) Field Station reported here shows water quality differences among

the tributaries to Pools 4 and 5, spatial and temporal patterns within these pools, and the sediment and nutrient

trapping effects of Lake Pepin, a natural impoundment of the Mississippi River.

Keywords: Annual report, limnology, LTRMP, Mississippi River, water quality 

Introduction

The Upper Mississippi River is a major resource of multiple uses that include navigation, water supply,

hydroelectric generation, fish and wildlife habitat, and recreation. Effective management of this resource

requires scientific understanding of the ecosystem and of its long-term trends and conditions. To meet this

need, Congress authorized a Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) for the Upper Mississippi

River System (UMRS). The LTRMP, begun in 1988, is intended to provide scientifically sound and useful

information by using consistent and reliable methods to monitor and evaluate long-term changes in selected

physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. 

The LTRMP water quality staff collects basic information on selected physical and chemical features of

the UMRS to aid in the interpretation or prediction of long- and short-term patterns. The data focus on a

subset of limnological variables (i.e., physicochemical features, suspended sediment, and major plant nutrients)

known to be significant to aquatic habitat in this system. The LTRMP is designed to complement, not replace

or duplicate, the monitoring programs of other state and Federal agencies. It therefore includes some

limnological characteristics not routinely monitored in water quality programs and it excludes others that are

of concern primarily for human consumption or regulatory purposes (e.g., chemical oxygen demand,

biochemical oxygen demand, total coliform bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, fecal streptococcus, heavy

metals, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls). 
2

The present report is one in a series summarizing limnological monitoring at each of the LTRMP field

stations. This report is intended to (1) document those aspects of sample collection (e.g., sampling times,

period of record, sample locations, and allocations among strata) needed for valid interpretation of the data,

and (2) report limnological conditions. Detailed analyses and interpretation of the limnological data are

reported separately. This report, the first of this specific series, covers multiple years.

To improve readability and increase the usefulness of this document as a reference, the numerous graphic

and tabular summaries are included as appendixes. These appendixes are referenced extensively in the main

body of the report, and each appendix contains explanatory information that allows it to be used as a nearly

independent document.

The data presented here represent a concerted effort by personnel of the Minnesota Department of

Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey who collected, compiled, verified, and organized the data.

The specific data used in this report have been archived at the Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences

Center (UMESC; formerly Environmental Management Technical Center), La Crosse, Wisconsin, and are

available on request. This archival step isolates these data from the dynamics (additions and corrections) of

the main LTRMP database and thus facilitates the reexamination, reconstruction, or expansion of the results

presented here.

The Upper Mississippi River System

The basin of the UMRS (about 490,000 km ) extends from north-central Minnesota to the Ohio River 2

confluence near Cairo, Illinois. The enabling authorization for the LTRMP, however, restricts monitoring to

the geological floodplain (about 2% of the total drainage). The LTRMP study areas include selected sections

of the Mississippi River (Navigation Pools 4, 8, 13, and 26), the La Grange Pool of the Illinois River, and the

open river reach (Middle Mississippi) between the Missouri River and Ohio River confluences (Figure 1). 

Field teams of the LTRMP monitor more than 2,000 km of large river; across this expanse there exist

distinct differences in climate, geomorphology, surficial geology, and land use. Patterns that arise from the

north–south orientation of the system are overlain by upstream to downstream changes related to river size

(Vannote et al. 1980). Consequently, the areas monitored by individual field stations differ markedly in the

distribution and characteristics of aquatic habitat and aquatic biota. The LTRMP monitoring design must

contend with these differences by being flexible enough to accommodate local conditions but appropriately

uniform across all study areas to permit comparison and synthesis.

Dam construction on the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers has profoundly altered these rivers, creating

a series of rapidly flushed impoundments connected by short stretches of flowing river that are influenced

by dam operations (Figure 2).

The dams on the main stem of the Upper Mississippi River are numbered from upstream to downstream

(starting near St. Paul, Minnesota) and the river reach above each dam is called a pool (Table 1a). The pool

has the same numeric designation as the downstream dam. For example, Pool 14, near Clinton, Iowa, includes

the entire reach of river upstream of Lock and Dam 14 and downstream of Lock and Dam 13. A similar

system is used on the Illinois River, but the individual dams are named rather than numbered (Table 1b).

Although the navigation dams have created significant zones of permanent inundation in Pools 1–13 of the

Upper Mississippi River, these zones are usually less than half the total water surface within the pool

(LTRMP aquatic areas database) and are semifluvial (average hydraulic residence times <2 days).
3

Between Pools 13 and 26 in the Mississippi River and in most of the Illinois River, the navigation dams have

deepened the river and widened it slightly, but have permanently inundated little terrestrial area compared with

major river impoundments and have created minimal lake-like habitat. The term pool is therefore misleading

inasmuch as it suggests that the UMRS is a stair-step series of lake-like impoundments. Nonetheless, the term

is used widely and recognized by those familiar with the UMRS and is used freely in this report.

Figure 1. The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) study area. Although the Missouri River is shown

for reference, only the mouth of this tributary is sampled for water quality under the LTRMP.
4

Figure 2. Water surface elevation (meters above mean sea level [msl]) of the Mississippi River from the head of

navigation near St. Paul, Minnesota, to the confluence of the Ohio River near Cairo, Illinois.

The first major dam on the Upper Mississippi River was constructed in 1913 near Keokuk, Iowa, and was

followed by 27 additional dams on the main stem to create a 2.7-m (9-foot) navigational waterway from Alton,

Illinois, to St. Anthony Falls near St. Paul, Minnesota. Twenty-two dams were built between 1935 and 1940;

the last dam was completed in 1958 at Lower St. Anthony Falls near Minneapolis (Table 1a). The navigation

system was altered significantly in 1993 when Lock and Dam 26 at Alton was replaced by a new structure

(Melvin Price Lock and Dam) with increased lock capacity about 1.6 km (1 mile) farther downstream. The

previous Lock and Dam 26 was removed after the new structure was completed.

The history of impoundment on the Illinois River is similar to that of the Upper Mississippi River, and the

Illinois River is now divided into six navigational pools (Table 1b). The first dams were completed on the upper

portions of the Illinois River (Starved Rock, Marseilles, and Dresden Island) in 1933; additional dams at Peoria

and La Grange were completed in 1938. The Melvin Price dam on the Mississippi River near Alton, Illinois,

also impounds the lowermost portion of the Illinois River.
5

Table 1a. Dams on the Upper Mississippi River.

Name of dam in service City mile (km ) (m) (feet)

Date placed River area height elevation

a

Drainage Dam Pool

2

Lower St. Anthony

Falls 11/13/58 Minneapolis, Minn. 853.2 51,000 7.3 750.0

1 07/03/17 St. Paul, Minn. 847.6 51,000 11.3 725.1

2 07/01/31 Hastings, Minn. 815.2 96,000 3.7 687.2

3 07/21/38 Red Wing, Minn. 796.9 117,000 3.7 675.0

4 05/25/35 Alma, Wis. 752.8 148,000 2.4 667.0

5 05/29/35 Minneiska, Minn. 738.1 152,000 2.1 660.0

5a 07/06/36 Winona, Minn. 728.5 153,000 2.7 651.0

6 06/30/36 Trempealeau, Wis. 714.3 155,000 1.7 645.0

7 04/19/37 Dresbach, Minn. 702.5 161,000 2.0 639.0

8 04/26/37 Genoa, Wis. 679.2 168,000 2.4 631.0

9 07/08/37 Lynxville, Wis. 647.9 172,000 3.4 620.0

10 11/26/37 Guttenberg, Iowa 615.1 206,000 2.7 611.0

11 09/14/37 Dubuque, Iowa 583.0 211,000 2.4 603.0

12 05/14/39 Bellevue, Iowa 556.7 213,000 3.4 592.0

13 05/13/39 Clinton, Iowa 522.5 221,000 2.7 583.0

14 06/14/39 Le Claire, Iowa 493.3 229,000 3.3 571.9

15 03/07/34 Rock Island, Ill. 482.9 229,000 4.9 561.0

16 07/10/37 Muscatine, Iowa 457.2 257,000 2.7 545.0

17 05/14/39 New Boston, Ill. 437.1 258,000 2.4 536.0

18 09/08/37 Burlington, Iowa 410.5 294,000 3.0 528.0

19 06/12/13 Keokuk, Iowa 364.2 308,000 11.6 518.2

20 06/09/36 Canton, Mo. 343.2 348,000 3.0 480.4

21 07/21/38 Quincy, Ill. 324.9 348,000 3.2 470.0

22 07/22/38 Saverton, Mo. 301.2 356,000 3.1 459.5

23b — — — — — —

24 1940 Clarksville, Mo. 273.4 365,000 4.6 449.2

25 05/18/39 Cap Au Gris, Mo. 241.4 368,000 4.6 434.9

26 05/01/38 Alton, Ill. 202.9 443,000 6.7 419.0 c

Melvin Price 1990–1994 Alton, Ill. 200.8 444,000 7.3 419.0

 State abbreviations, Minn. = Minnesota, Wis. = Wisconsin, Ill. = Illinois, Mo. = Missouri a

 Lock and Dam 23 was never built. b

 Lock and Dam 26 was removed after the Melvin Price Dam was placed in service. c
6

Table 1b. Dams on the Illinois River.

Name of dam in service mile (km ) (m) (feet)

Date placed River area height elevation 

Drainage Dam Pool

2

Thomas J. O'Brien 1960 326.5 0 1.2 583.5 a

Lockport 1933 291.1 1,900 12.3 579.5

Brandon Road 1933 286.0 3,900 10.4 539.0

Dresden Island 1933 271.5 18,800 6.7 505.0

Marseilles 1933 247.0 21,400 7.3 483.0

Starved Rock 1933 231.0 28,600 5.8 459.0

Peoria 1938 157.7 37,700 3.4 440.0

La Grange 1939 80.2 66,400 2.9 429.0

 This structure controls diversion discharge into the Illinois waterway from outside the drainage basin (Lake Michigan) a

Methods 

Study Area

 The study area of the LTRMP includes the Mississippi River from Cairo, Illinois, to the head of navigation

near St. Paul, Minnesota; the Illinois River; and navigable portions of the Kaskaskia, Black, and St. Croix

Rivers. In recognition of the highly variable and widely differing river characteristics within this large study

area, the Comprehensive Master Plan (Jackson et al. 1981) recommended 17 pools or reaches for detailed

monitoring. Available resources, however, have limited the LTRMP to six selected areas, and the five states

bordering the Upper Mississippi River now operate six LTRMP monitoring stations that focus on these

specific reaches. These areas (Figure 1) are concentrated in the uppermost segments of the Mississippi River.

The river sections presently monitored under LTRMP for water quality include Pools 4, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, and

26 in the impounded portion of the Upper Mississippi River, 80 miles of the open river above the Ohio River

confluence at Cairo, Illinois, and the La Grange Pool of the Illinois River. All of the major tributaries of the

Mississippi and Illinois River in these river segments are monitored under the LTRMP. The long (400 km)

reach of the Upper Mississippi River between Pools 14 and 26 is not monitored under the LTRMP, but other

state and Federal programs collect water quality information in this reach and adjoining tributaries (i.e., IowaCedar, Rock, and Des Moines Rivers). 

In the nonbraided portion of the Upper Mississippi River main stem (between Pools 14 and 26), sampling

under the LTRMP is limited to the extreme upstream and downstream ends. However, the river main stem

and its tributaries in this reach are monitored by other Federal and state programs. 

Personnel from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Lake City Field Station, conduct

LTRMP monitoring on Pools 4 and 5, defined by Lock and Dam 3 at Mississippi River mile 796.9, Lock and

Dam 4 at Mississippi River mile 752.8, and Lock and Dam 5 at Mississippi River mile 738.2 (Appendixes A

and B). Water quality has been monitored on Pool 4 since 1990 and on Pool 5 since 1993 (Appendixes A and

B).

The total water surface area of Pool 4 (between Lock and Dam 3 and Lock and Dam 4) is about 15,000

ha, with about 3,100 ha of backwater and 1,200 ha of main channel. The total water surface area of Pool 5
7

(between Lock and Dam 4 and Lock and Dam 5) is about 4,500 ha, with about 3,000 ha of backwater and

impoundment and 900 ha of main channel.

In this uppermost study reach of the LTRMP, deltaic deposits from the Chippewa River have partly

obstructed the flow of the Mississippi River and formed Lake Pepin, a large (9,800 ha), tributary delta lake

(Hutchinson 1975) that resembles an artificial riverine impoundment. Lake Pepin is a highly efficient sediment

trap that dramatically alters water quality in the Mississippi River, both within Lake Pepin itself and for a

considerable distance downstream.

Increased water retention time in Lake Pepin during periods of low flow, combined with high

concentrations of nutrients, promotes blue-green algal blooms during periods of hot, calm weather. Fish kills

have been observed during such periods. In summer, Lake Pepin typically is a net source of soluble reactive

phosphorus, the most readily available form of phosphorus for algae and vascular plants. 

Lake Pepin has received considerable attention in the past several years because of severe nuisance algal

blooms and fish kills that occurred during low flow in 1988. Agencies are investigating the origin and extent

of both internal and external phosphorus loading in Lake Pepin and the potential effects on water quality if

external loading is reduced. The Lake City field station has participated in these efforts by assisting with

water quality sampling and providing LTRMP data to the agencies involved.

The drainage area of Pools 4 and 5 comprise large portions of the States of Minnesota and Wisconsin.

Two major tributaries, the Minnesota and St. Croix Rivers, combine with the Mississippi River near the Twin

Cities metropolitan area and account for the majority of discharge that enters Pool 4. These rivers have

distinct water quality characteristics because of differences in geology and land use cover in their watersheds.

Consequently, the relative discharge in these three rivers can have a great effect on the water quality in

Pool 4.

The Chippewa River enters Pool 4 at the downstream end of Lake Pepin and its distinctive water quality

characteristics influence the Mississippi River in large areas of lower Pools 4 and 5.

Monitoring Network and Sampling Design

The LTRMP was begun in 1988; field stations were added to the network from 1988 to 1991 (Table 2).

This staggered start is significant when making comparisons among study areas or assessing overall trends

across the system. Limnological monitoring during the first years(1988–91) was limited to fixed sites and to

in situ physical and chemical measurements. The present LTRMP sampling design (implemented in June

1993) includes both fixed-site (Appendix A) and stratified random sampling (SRS; Appendix B) and combines

in situ field measurements with laboratory analyses of chemical constituents (Appendix C).

 Fixed-site sampling in the present design monitors inflows (tributaries and dam releases) and outflows

from each of the LTRMP study areas. Secondarily, fixed sites are used to monitor locations of special

significance, either because of their long data record or some other feature that makes them notable or

especially interesting. Each LTRMP field station monitors 15–30 fixed sites biweekly with no attempt to

capture or avoid high or low flows (Appendix A).
8

Table 2. Period of operation for each of the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program field stations.

Field station 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992–1996

Lake City Jan $$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$

Onalaska Jul $$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$

Bellevue Aug $$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$

Alton Jul $$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$

Cape Girardeau Mar $$ $$$$$$

Havana Sept$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$

From 1988 to 1993, the LTRMP used 24 aquatic habitat classes (Appendix A) to describe the permanently

fixed monitoring sites. Some of these classes included a seasonally varying attribute (aquatic vegetation) as

part of their definition, and the classes were not mutually exclusive. For example, a site in midchannel

downstream of a dam might be classified as "Main Channel" (MC), "Channel Trough" (CTR), "Open

Tailwater" (TWR-O), or "Tailwater" (TW). This classification scheme was revised in 1993 when vegetation

status was dropped from the habitat designators and those categories that were viewed as redundant or not

distinguishable by routine water quality measurements were eliminated. The revised system contains seven

habitat classes (Table A-4), and all previous habitat classifications for fixed sites were converted to this

system. The original designations for all fixed sites are permanently on file at UMESC and at the individual

field stations.

As with the six field stations, the period of record differs among individual fixed sites. When the emphasis

of fixed-site sampling shifted to tributaries and other transport monitoring points in 1993, sites were added and

eliminated from the sampling network in each study reach. At the same time, sampling frequency at fixed

sites was reduced from weekly to biweekly (Figure A-2) to keep the overall level of monitoring constant

despite the addition of SRS.

The habitat class associated with each fixed site provides useful ancillary information about the site and

a convenient way to retrieve data from the LTRMP database. However, LTRMP fixed-site data cannot be

used generally to make inferences about these habitat classes because fixed sites were chosen subjectively

and without randomization and represent only specific locations. Although the sampling sites can be grouped

by their habitat categories, the resultant groupings are not unbiased samples of these categories. To overcome

this limitation, the monitoring design was modified in 1993 to include SRS and thus provide unbiased

information about broad spatial areas.

The LTRMP design for fixed-site sampling requires that each day's sampling effort be centered on noon,

central standard time, and that the order of site visits within each sampling day be randomized to the extent

feasible within operational constraints. The sampling times were formally established in September 1993.

The SRS complements the fixed-site design and provides a seasonal assessment of known precision and

confidence on limnological conditions in broad sampling strata in the LTRMP study areas. Limnological data

from SRS are intended to be linked to patterns in fish, vegetation, and invertebrates at the spatial scale of a

whole navigational pool or river reach and at temporal scales ranging from seasons to decades. The SRS data

can be interpreted confidently at these scales ofspace and time. Higher resolution questions (e.g., short-term

movements or locations of fish, growth dynamics within individual aquatic plant beds) are outside the realm
9

of routine monitoring as defined by the LTRMP and are not addressed by SRS or fixed-site sampling in the

LTRMP monitoring design. 

The SRS is performed in four quarterly episodes each year (Appendix B). Each SRS episode includes

about 135 sites selected from six sampling strata and is generally completed within 14 days (Appendix B).

The sampling strata are condensed from the geomorphic “aquatic areas” of Wilcox (1993) and are objectively

defined in a geographic information system (Owens and Ruhser 1996). Specific sampling points for each

sampling episode are selected by overlaying a square grid with 200-m spacing on a map of the sampling

strata. Grid intersections are randomly selected for each sampling episode. Beginning in spring 1995, a 50-m

grid was used for side channel and backwater strata. A smaller grid spacing was deemed appropriate to the

spatially diverse conditions within these strata (i.e., points 50 m apart are likely to be very different); this

increases the number of potential sites available for site selection. Although the number of sites selected was

not altered by this change in grid spacing, the number of locations resampled in subsequent episodes was

greatly reduced. The allocation of samples among strata emphasizes off-channel areas and is not proportional

to the surface area of the strata (Appendix B). Data from the strata must be weighted to obtain accurate

poolwide or reachwide estimates, and this weighting must account for the areas of the strata, the differing

grid intervals among the strata, changes to the grid in 1995, and the allocation of sampling effort

(Appendix B).

The LTRMP design for SRS requires that each day's sampling be centered on noon, central standard time,

and that the order of site visits within each sampling day be randomized to the extent feasible within

operational constraints. This specification for sampling times was formally established in September 1993.

The sampling strata used by the LTRMP are primarily a statistical tool that allows the spatial allocation

of sampling effort to match differences in desired precision and variability among the strata. An exact

correspondence between sampling strata and the aquatic areas of Wilcox (1993) is not attainable and is not

required by the LTRMP statistical design. The data from a sampling stratum, therefore, should not be

regarded as precisely representing a specific aquatic area type. 

Because the river is dynamic, the borders of the aquatic areas change over time, but the sampling strata

boundaries have been (with minor exceptions) static since their original designation in 1993. Thus the aquatic

areas are expected to gradually diverge from the sampling strata because of long-term changes in river

morphology. In addition, short-term fluctuations in water level can make sites unusable or atypical of their

parent stratum. The field teams use data comments to report sites that cannot be sampled or seem to be

outside their designated sampling stratum. These comments are extremely valuable for data interpretation and

also give a rough indication of the rate or extent of divergence between the sampling strata and the aquatic

areas. However, field comments lack the spatial intensity and consistency required to track or map changes

in stratum boundaries, and the LTRMP staff intends to track changes in aquatic areas by systemwide

remapping and reclassification of areas at regular (e.g., 10-year) intervals. If future remapping results in new

sampling strata, all sampling locations will have both pre- and postrevision stratum codes assigned. This will

allow analysis for the full period of monitoring to be based on either mapping scheme.

The capacity of the LTRMP analytical laboratory has restricted the number of chemical measurements

performed on SRS samples. Consequently, from 1993 to 1996, SRS has included major plant nutrients,

suspended solids, and phytopigments, but has excluded major cations (sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium)

and major anions (chloride and sulfate). In situ measurements are made at all SRS sites, but to reduce the

laboratory sample load, only in a randomly selected subset of sites (about half) are samples collected for a

full complement of laboratory analyses. Significant improvements in laboratory performance in 1997 may

reduce these limitations in future years.
10

Sample Collection

 The LTRMP limnological monitoring includes measurements at multiple depths (Soballe et al. 1999).

About 80% of LTRMP measurements from 1993 to 1996 were taken near the water surface (0.0 to 0.20 m);

laboratory analyses during this period were performed only on near-surface and near-bottom samples. The

LTRMP sampling for water quality is generally restricted to waters with maximum depth equal to or greater

than 0.2 m. However, samples are occasionally collected in shallower waters, particularly under ice cover,

when this can be done without disturbing the substrate. Discrete, rather than integrated, samples are collected

and analyzed. Grabs for chemical analysis are taken with either a bucket (near surface) or a Van Dorn-type

sampler (at depth). 

When the sampling design was revised in 1993, grab-sampling techniques remained unchanged; however,

individual instruments used to monitor pH, conductivity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were

replaced by a multiparameter monitoring device used for in situ measurement and recording. The draft

LTRMP Procedures Manual (Soballe et al. 1999) provides additional details.

Ice cover can vary widely in extent and thickness across the study area, complicating sample collection

and the recording of sample information. It is not meaningful, for example, to report limnological conditions

at 0.2 m below the water surface when the ice extends below this depth, nor to report maximum water depth

when ice extends into the substrate. Consequently, when ice is present, LTRMP crews collect near-surface

samples at 0.2 m below the bottom of the ice (where possible). The reported sampling depth in this situation

(0.2 m) must be adjusted for the vertical extent of ice below the water surface (also recorded) to determine

the actual vertical location of the sample in reference to the free water surface. In this report, we summarize

the data by depth sampling category rather than precise vertical location, and the sampling depths have not

been adjusted for the vertical extent of ice below the water surface. In addition, sites that were frozen to the

substrate have been excluded from the summaries of water depth. 

Laboratory Analyses

The LTRMP added a limited suite of laboratory analyses to the limnological monitoring in 1991 and

expanded the list of chemical constituents in 1993 (Appendix C). From 1991 to 1993, samples for chemical

analysis were collected biweekly during the ice-free period; this frequency was reduced to monthly in winter.

Also during this period, chemical analyses were performed at the Waterways Experiment Station (WES)

laboratories at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Eau Galle laboratory near

Spring Valley, Wisconsin. In 1993, analysis of LTRMP limnological samples was gradually shifted to the

UMESC (Table C-2). 

In late summer and fall 1996, the UMESC analytical laboratory experienced contamination in its total

phosphorus analyses. The problem was eventually identified and eliminated in December 1996; those

analytical results affected by this contamination have been excluded from this report and are identified in the

LTRMP database. The laboratory also experienced ammonia contamination in May 1996 which invalidated

many of the ammonium samples collected in the spring 1996 SRS episode. Those data have also been

excluded from this report. Detailed descriptions of the methods used by the UMESC and WES laboratories

are available on request from the UMESC in La Crosse, Wisconsin.
11

Quality Assurance and Quality Control Procedures

The value of LTRMP data depends on their quality and reliability. The use of standard methods to assure

and control the quality of the data are thus extremely important. The original LTRMP procedures (Lubinski

and Rasmussen 1988) gave guidance on instrument calibration, record keeping, data management, and

organizational relations. Revisions to the procedures (Soballe et al. 1999) provided details on assessing the

accuracy and precision of field measurements and laboratory determinations and also addressed issues (i.e.,

daily and seasonal sampling windows, randomization of sampling sites and times) related to the conduct of

field work. Strict guidelines for the time of sampling and randomization of sampling were implemented in 1993,

and compliance with these guidelines is now monitored (Appendix D). 

The LTRMP field teams began collecting additional Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC)

measurements and samples near the end of April 1995 to assess the accuracy and precision of both laboratory

and field measurements. The results of QA/QC sampling are not summarized here, but the data are available

from the LTRMP database and so we provide the methods in the present report.

About 5% of each type of chemical or physical measurement collected by an LTRMP water quality team

is accompanied by a series of QA/QC measurements, and each separate sampling crew performs at least

one QA/QC series during each day of field work. Because of logistic constraints, the LTRMP has not yet

implemented the use of field spikes (additions of known concentrations of chemical constituents), but does

collect four types of QA/QC samples as follows:

Routine: The regular or routine sample or measurement taken at the site.

Field split: A field sample that is as similar as possible to the routine sample at the point of collection. It is

used to evaluate laboratory precision and variability introduced by field handling or processing.

Field splits are performed for all the constituents listed in Table C-2 that are currently analyzed.

Blank: A sample used to check for contamination of the analytical water supply or sample containers,

or contamination and losses during handling and storage. It is also used to evaluate precision

near the detection limits of the laboratory.

Replicate: A second, separate sample taken at the same location and in the same way as the routine, but

separated by an interval of 5–10 minutes. This provides information on natural, random

background variability in ambient conditions.

Results

River Discharge Regime

River discharge (flow) is a major factor in the ecological and limnological structure and functioning of the

UMRS. Flow strongly influenceslimnological conditions, and thus the interpretation of the monitoring data

must consider the hydrologic setting (flow regime) under which the data were collected. Because river

discharge is so important, staff of the LTRMP assemble the Mississippi and Illinois River discharges and

surface elevation data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers into

a database at the UMESC (Wlosinski et al. 1995). The discharge and water elevation data used in this report

were obtained from this database.
12

Water levels at the Lock and Dam 3 tailwater gage (Figure 3) indicate the general hydrologic regime in

the Pool 4—Lake Pepin study area. Flood stage at this gage is 207.3 m (680.2 feet) above mean sea level.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers water elevation data were obtained from the UMESC (Wlosinski et al.

1995).

Water levels at this site reflect the large flood of 1993 and indicate that water levels during the entire

reporting period have generally been above the 56-year average but below flood stage except in summer

1993. The flood of 1993 was notable for high water levels but more remarkable for its duration (nearly the

entire summer) and late occurrence. Maximum discharge in the Upper Mississippi River usually occurs each

year in late April, but this flood peaked in June (Figure 3). From 1993 to 1996, both spring and fall water levels

have been substantially above average, which has probably influenced the limnological data.

Figure 3. Water elevation (meters above mean sea level) at Lock and Dam 3 Tailwater from 1993–1996 (solid line)

compared with the average elevation for each day of the year from 1940 to 1996 (dashed line). Vertical lines above

the horizontal axis indicate dates of stratified random sampling. Water elevation for flood stage is indicated by the

horizontal line.

Fixed-site Sampling

Sample Collection and Field Measurements

The volume of field work completed by each field station is important to document for planning and

budgetary purposes. The schedule of sample collection is also important to document because many of the

limnological characteristics monitored by the LTRMP exhibit regular daily (diel) patterns. The time of
13

measurement can thus strongly influence the value that is observed and, because the LTRMP strives to

monitor patterns over time across the UMRS, it is important that sampling times be consistent and unbiased

over time, among sampling locations, and among field stations.

From 1993 to 1996, the Lake City water quality team made about 2,700 site visits to fixed sampling

locations (Appendix D). During these visits, about 2,600 grab samples were collected for chemical processing

(Appendix E).

The number of fixed-sites visits was slightly reduced (from 27 to 24) when the sampling network was

revised in early 1993 (Figure D-4). Four fixed sites in Lake Pepin are sampled weekly from May through

September, but water samples are collected biweekly for chemical analysisin the normal LTRMP fixed-site

routine. During the off-weeks, these four sites are sampled for in situ measurements only for the LTRMP,

but water samples are collected for other agencies involved with the phosphorus studies of Lake Pepin

(Figure D-4; Table D-2). 

The distribution of sampling across the hours of the day (Figures D-1–D-3) reflects a September 1993

change in the fixed-site sampling protocol. In the early months of 1993, sampling was conducted earlier in the

day (median = 1100 h) and showed a somewhat broad distribution. The sampling window was more closely

(and formally) defined in 1993, and subsequently the median sampling time moved closer to noon (Figure D1). However, the sampling window is still quite broad, and although it does center on noon, the median

sampling time has increased each year and shows a significant (P < 0.001) trend (about 18 minutes per year).

The biggest part of this increase reflects the change to a noon-centered sampling window in 1993. The

median quarterly sampling time was relatively constant after mid-1994, but continued to slightly, but

significantly (P < 0.001), increase at about 7 minutes per year. The distribution of fixed-site sampling times

across the period of record (Figure D-2) shows no obvious seasonal pattern.

The distribution of median sampling times for sites (Figure D-3) is parallel to that for samples (Figure D-1).

In 1993, the median sampling time varied substantially among sites (Figure D-3) and most sites were sampled

in the morning. After noon-centered sampling was implemented in 1993, the median sampling times in 1994

and 1995 were close together and centered on noon (Figure D-3). In 1996, the median site times became

bimodal, due in large part to the change in the number of days fixed sites are sampled during open water

(from 3 days to 2). This 2-day routine causes a few sites to be sampled over a relatively long period, while

most sites are sampled in a short period. Certain fixed sites (e.g., those in Lake Pepin) require more time at

the site for sampling and travel time between sites is greater. Also, some sites are sampled from a bridge or

Lock and Dam and the time required to reach the next site sampled by boat can be considerable, whereas

other sites are in close proximity (e.g. main channel and tributaries) and six to eight sites can be sampled in

a relatively short period. The logistics and randomization of this fixed-site sampling scheme will be modified

if the time distribution is deemed inappropriate.

Fixed-site Sampling Data

Fixed-site sampling by the Lake City Field Station from 1993 to 1996 has generated a large volume of data

(Appendix E). These data allow comparisons of tributary and mainstem inflows and outflows within this study

area and thus provide information on sources of material such as nutrients and suspended sediment and the

functioning of the study reach as a processor of those materials.

The fixed-site data reveal important functional aspects of this reach of the river. For example, the role of

Lake Pepin as a trap for suspended sediment and total phosphorus is clearly shown by the fixed-site data
14

from the upstream and downstream end of Pool 4 (Figure E-2a). Another important aspect of Lake Pepin

during the summer months is that it is a net source of soluble reactive phosphorus rather than a sink (Figure E2a). James and Barko (1996) found high rates of release of soluble reactive phosphorus from Lake Pepin

sediments under both oxic and anoxic conditions; this is certainly a major factor in the export of soluble

reactive phosphorus from Lake Pepin. The LTRMP data also suggest a decline in concentrations of both total

nitrogen and nitrate–nitrite nitrogen. When coupled with the flow regime, this suggests a decline in the loading

of these nutrients in this reach; however, this apparent trend has not been verified.

The data also show a decrease in soluble reactive phosphorus concentration in 1994 (Figures E-2a–E-2d).

However, this apparent trend has not been detected in monitoring by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency

or Metropolitan Council in this reach. We thus believe that this apparent decline is an artifact resulting from

a change in analytical laboratories in 1994—from the WES laboratories in Vicksburg to the UMESC

laboratory—and a change in sample preservation methods (freezing substituted for acidification).

The strong seasonality of flow-related parameters (e.g., turbidity, Secchi disk transparency, suspended

solids, total phosphorus) in Pool 4 and its tributaries is clearly shown by the fixed-site data (Appendix E).

During the open-water season the inflow of total suspended solids into Pool 4 is typically predominated by

inorganic sediment. As the sediment settles out in Lake Pepin, the ratio of inorganic to organic solids becomes

much lower downstream.

The low concentrations of suspended solids and nutrients in the Chippewa River in relation to other

tributaries in this area is also documented in these data (Figure E-2). The highest concentrations of suspended

solids were observed in the Zumbro River in August 1993, and again in June 1994 and June 1996, indicating

the susceptibility to runoff and erosion during heavy rainfall in this watershed. Although the Zumbro River

may be the most notable, all the tributaries monitored—including the Chippewa River—have been

documented carrying high concentrations of suspended solids and nutrients during heavy rainfall. 

Dissolved oxygen saturation is a function of water temperature and thus shows strong seasonality at all

sites. Monthly means do not reveal extremes in DO, and the LTRMP sampling schedule (centered on noon)

does not give a good representation of extremely low (expected near sunrise) or high (expected in mid- or

late afternoon) oxygen concentrations. Most DO values were measured at near or above saturation with the

exception of some samples collected near the bottom of Lake Pepin (Table E-1; Figure E-1). Lake Pepin

temporally stratifies during calm periods of low to moderate flow in summer. During vertical stratification,

DO concentrations near the bottom in the deeper waters of the lake will quickly drop below 5 mg/L.

Stratified Random Sampling

Sample Collection and Field Measurements

As in fixed-site sampling, the number and frequency of samples collected and the scheduling of sample

collection in SRS is important for planning and data interpretation. Sample collection in SRS must be consistent

and unbiased over time, within each sampling episode, across sampling strata, and among LTRMP field

stations. The partitioning of effort among strata within each SRS episode (Table B-1) reflects an emphasis

on off-channel areas and a recognition that these areas are likely to be more spatially variable than the main

channel.

From 1993 through 1996, the field station participated in 14 stratified, random sampling episodes. In these

14 episodes, the field team visited about 1,900 sites (Appendix B), and about 1,800 grab samples were
15

collected for chemical analyses. Most of these were analyzed for chlorophyll a and suspended solids, but in

accord with the design for SRS, about half the samples (1,000) were also analyzed for nitrogen and

phosphorus species.

The total number of sites sampled in each episode and stratum is relatively uniform across the period of

record (Table B-2). There is some variability in the number of samples collected, due mainly to the availability

of water in the backwaters, particularly in winter when ice depth is a factor.

Stratified random sampling by the Lake City field team has conformed well to the general LTRMP design.

The distribution of SRS times across the period of record (Figure D-5) shows no obvious seasonal pattern,

and, for most strata, there is no significant linear trend in sampling times over the years (P > 0.05). The

sampling times are generally well centered on noon, but there is some indication that side channels tend to be

sampled slightly later than other strata, and sampling times in the main channel exhibit a minor, but statistically

significant (P < 0.05) increase over time (averaging about 3 minutes per episode). The trend in main channel

times is due mainly to adjustments during the first year of SRS.

Stratified Random Sampling Data

The SRS provides an unbiased estimate of conditions within each sampling stratum during each of four

quarterly episodes per year. Seasonality, interannual variations, and long-term trends within each strata can

be assessed with summaries of these data (Appendix F), but some of the most valuable applications for these

data require analyses that are beyond the scope of this report. For example, the SRS provides statistically

valid estimates of the extent or frequency of limnological conditions in combination (e.g., to meet the

temperature, DO, and velocity requirements of overwintering fish) and this information is being used to

address changing relations among limnological variables over time, differences among the sampling strata,

and habitat availability and suitability in the Upper Mississippi River ecosystem (Fischer et al. 1997; Soballe

et al. 1997).

The SRS results (Appendix F), as with the fixed-site data, indicate a general decline in nitrogen

concentrations from 1993 to 1996 (Figure F-8). The strong seasonality in most monitored parameters is

evident, with minimal total suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, and turbidity during winter episodes and

consistent and higher concentrations during the other seasons. Secchi transparency and ammonium exhibit

winter maxima.

Seasonality in chlorophyll a is less pronounced, although low concentrations are typical in winter. This is

not always the case, however, and substantial chlorophyll a concentrations have been observed beneath the

ice. The seasonality of DO, driven by solubility, is obvious.

The peaks of ammonium nitrogen during the winter episodes of 1994 and 1996 (Figure F-3a) are probably

due to the relatively low densities of phytoplankton during these winters, as indicated by low chlorophyll a

levels. Low phytoplankton densities would result in less uptake of ammonium nitrogen and thus higher

concentrations. Burdis and Popp (1996) found that discharge and the percentage of snow cover were the two

most important variables controlling phytoplankton densities in Lake Pepin in winter. Chlorophyll a

concentrations in winter 1995 were considerably higher, and ammonium levels, discharge, and snow cover

and snow depth were considerably lower, than in the winters of 1994 and 1996.
16

Summary and Recommendations

This report documents 4 years of monitoring (1993–96) by personnel at the Lake City Field Station and

provides basic graphic and tabular summaries of the collected data. The Lake City field team made about

2,700 visits to fixed sampling sites and 1,900 visits to stratified random sites from 1993 through 1996. This

period was marked by several important events, including the redesign of the monitoring network and the

updating of field equipment in 1993, record flooding in spring and summer 1993, and above-average discharge

levels. 

The monitoring data show that Lake Pepin and the Mississippi River near Lake City, Minnesota, are

moderately turbid (average turbidity <20 NTU), have near-saturated DO concentrations at most locations

throughout most of the year (near midday), and have high concentrations of nitrogen (TN average about 2.5

mg/L) and phosphorus (TP average about 0.13 mg/L). Downward trends were observed in the concentrations

of total and nitrate–nitrite nitrogen. Lake Pepin has a significant effect on water quality by acting as a settling

basin for suspended solids and nutrients, although it is a net source of soluble reactive phosphorus in summer.

The tributaries of Pools 4 and 5 have been found to carry high concentrations of suspended solids and

nutrients during heavy rainfall. The Chippewa River typically has lower concentrations of suspended solids

and nutrients than other tributaries.

Because a number of water quality parameters vary greatly with season and discharge, determining true

long-term water quality trends can be challenging. A number of other complicating factors (e.g., frequency

of sampling, farming practices, flood–drought cycles) make predictions about the effects of discharge or

seasonality on certain water quality parameters uncertain. The determination of whether multiyear declines

in certain plant nutrients or suspended solids are the transitory result of several years of low discharge or

actual long-term trends that are the consequence of real changes in land-use practices cannot be made with

data sets of fewer than 10 to 15 years (i.e., data from more than one flood–drought cycle). B. Wilson

(Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; personal communication) and M. Meyer (Minnesota Metropolitan

Council Environmental Services; personal communication) have analyzed long-term (>10 years)

stream–watershed data and have observed an increase in the concentration of suspended solids and plant

nutrients in the wet years immediately following an extended drought period, followed by a gradual decrease

in concentration of these parameters in subsequent years through the next drought period. The data set

collected by the Lake City Field Station indicates a decreasing trend in nitrogen concentration. Determining

whether this represents a continuing, long-term decline in nitrogen, a response to the drought of 1987–89, or

a response to the flood of 1993 is difficult. The importance of a long-term data set becomes clear in that longterm trends may only be ascertained by comparing key parameter concentrations at equivalent points on the

long-term hydrograph (i.e., such as the years immediately following the last two periods of drought).

References

American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and Water Environment

Federation. 1992. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th edition, American

Public Health Association, Washington, D.C. 981 pp. + 6 color plates

Burdis, R. M., and W. Popp. 1996. Winter primary productivity and phosphorus loading in Lake Pepin. Paper

presented at the sixteenth annual symposium of the North American Lake Management Society,

Minneapolis, Minnesota, November 13–16, 1996.
17

Fischer, J. R., D. M. Soballe, and J. T. Rogala. 1997. Factors affecting fish habitat during periods of ice cover

on the Upper Mississippi River. Paper presented at the fifty-ninth annual Midwest Fish and Wildlife

Conference, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, December 6–10, 1997.

Hutchinson, G. E. 1975. A treatise on limnology. Volume I. Geography, physics, and chemistry. Part 1.

Geography and physics of lakes. John Wiley & Sons. 137 pp.

Jackson, G. A., C. E. Korschgen, P. A. Thiel, J. M. Besser, D. W. Steffeck, and M. H. Bockenhauer. 1981.

A long-term resource monitoring plan for the Upper Mississippi River System. Volume 1. Upper

Mississippi River Basin Commission, Bloomington, Minnesota. 384 pp. 

James, W. F., and J. W. Barko. 1996. Analysis of nutrient/seston fluxes and phytoplankton dynamics in

Lake Pepin (Upper Mississippi River), 1995: Second Annual Report.Report submitted to the Metropolitan

Council, St. Paul, Minnesota. 266 pp.

Lubinski, K. S., and J. L. Rasmussen. 1988. Procedures Manual of the Long Term Resource Monitoring

Program for the Upper Mississippi River System. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Environmental

Management Technical Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin. EMTC 88-03. 216 pp. (NTIS # PB94-145885)

Owens, T., and J. J. Ruhser. 1996. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program standard operating procedures:

Aquatic areas database production. National Biological Service, Environmental Management Technical

Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, March 1996. LTRMP 95-P008-6. 4 pp. + Appendix (NTIS #PB96-172267)

Soballe, D. M., R. Burkhardt, K. Lubinski, R. Burdis, T. Clemment, J. Fischer, L. Hodge-Richardson,

L. Conaway, J. Frazier, D. Gould, M. Steuck, E. Ratcliff, M. Sitzes, S. Stenzel, and R. Wright. 1999.

Long Term Resource Monitoring Program procedures: Water quality monitoring. U.S. Geological Survey,

Environmental Management Technical Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin. In press.

Soballe, D. M., J. T. Rogala, and J. R. Fischer. 1997. Finding suitable winter habitat for fish in shallow

impoundments of the Upper Mississippi River. Paper presented at the seventeenth annual symposium of

the North American Lake Management Society, Houston, Texas, December 2–6, 1997.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1993. Operating Plan for the Upper Mississippi River System Long Term

Resource Monitoring Program. Environmental Management Technical Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin,

Revised September 1993. EMTC 91-P002R. 179 pp. (NTIS #PB94-160199)

Vannote, R. L., G. W. Minshall, K. W. Cummins, J. R. Sedell, and C. E. Cushing. 1980. The river continuum

concept. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37:130–137.

Wilcox, D. B. 1993. An aquatic habitat classification system for the Upper Mississippi River System.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Environmental Management Technical Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, May

1993. EMTC 93-T003. 9 pp. + Appendix A (NTIS #PB93-208981)

Wlosinski, J. H., D. E. Hansen, and S. R. Hagedorn. 1995. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program

Procedures: Water surface elevation and discharge. National Biological Service, Environmental

Management Technical Center, Onalaska, Wisconsin, August 1995. LTRMP 95-P002-4.

9 pp. + Appendixes A–O
A-1

Appendix A. Fixed-site Sampling Sites: January 1993–December 1996

In Appendix A, we provide information on the sample collection sites used from January 1993 through

December 1996. In some instances, sites not used during this period have been included for reference. The

site description tables provide additional information on the locations and are keyed to the site map. The sites

lists are provided in three formats to allow easy cross referencing: (1) by map identifier (north–south, then

east–west), (2) in alphabetical order, and (3) by habitat class. The period of record for each site is also

portrayed graphically (Figure A-5) so that the duration of and interruptions in the record can be easily

visualized.

Location codes (seven characters) used for routine fixed-site sampling are based on the distance upstream

from the river mouth or major confluence (river miles and tenths) and on the relative left-to-right (facing

upstream) location of the site between the horizontal limits of the geological–historical floodplain. Sites on

the Mississippi and Illinois River main stems use a single-letter prefix (M or I, respectively), whereas

tributaries and Missouri River sites use a two-letter prefix (Table A-5). The left-to-right location of a site is

indicated by a suffix between A and Z. When tributary sites are sampled in midstream, they are assigned the

suffix M without regard to position in the floodplain. Locations near the left or right bank (facing upstream)

are indicated with an A or Z, respectively.

Habitat classes (Table A-4) are assigned to all Long Term Resource Monitoring Program sampling

locations used in fixed-site monitoring. Although these classes convey significant information about the site,

the fixed sites are subjectively chosen and cannot be assumed to represent the associated habitat classes (see

stratified random sampling, Appendix B).
A-2

Table A-1. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program fixed-site water quality sampling locations keyed to map codes with

associated period of record from 1993 to 1996, habitat class, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Coordinates (zone

15, meters), and the number of sampling visits to the site.

Location Map Habitat Site visits

code identification Period of record class 1993–1996 a

UTM

Easting Northing

M796.9N 1 11/05/90–12/31/96 MC 531001 4939807 106

M796.9M 2 04/28/93–12/31/96 MC 531047 4939664 91

M796.7M 3 01/24/90–04/12/93 MC 531626 4939642 15

VM00.1M 4 01/24/90–12/31/96 TRIB 532303 4938817 106

CN00.1M 5 01/24/90–12/31/96 TRIB 532272 4938767 106

M793.9P 6 01/24/90–04/12/93 MC 534406 4938355 15

M792.5N 7 11/05/90–04/12/93 SC 536344 4936971 15

M786.1S 8 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 543794 4935869 15

M790.3F 9 01/24/90–04/12/93 BWC 537282 4935661 15

M787.9H 10 04/02/91–04/12/93 BWC 540890 4935522 15

M781.2X 11 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 551310 4935516 15

M786.5D 12 04/28/93–12/31/96 SC 542976 4934745 88

M786.2C 13 04/28/93–12/31/96 MC 543779 4934266 90

M781.2O 14 01/26/90–12/31/96 IMP–L 551416 4933885 142

M781.2E 15 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 551514 4932250 15

M775.6Y 16 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 557162 4926279 15

M775.6Q 17 01/25/90–12/31/96 IMP–L 556373 4925675 142

M775.6L 18 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 555572 4924953 15

M771.2P 19 04/29/93–12/30/96 IMP–L 561539 4921651 127

M766.0O 20 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 569220 4920225 15

M766.0I 21 01/26/90–12/30/96 IMP–L 568951 4919038 141

M766.0B 22 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 568732 4917935 15

M764.3A 23 04/29/93–12/30/96 MC 571635 4917826 90

CH00.1M 24 01/29/90–12/30/96 TRIB 572933 4917624 105

M761.5E 25 01/29/90–04/16/93 MC 575460 4916388 15

M758.6X 26 02/07/90–04/16/93 BWC 581454 4915943 15

M758.6Y 27 02/07/90–04/16/93 BWC 581212 4915699 15

M760.7O 28 01/29/90–04/16/93 MC 576401 4915321 15

M757.2Z 29 04/29/93–12/30/96 BWC 582462 4914360 91

M757.4O 30 04/03/91–04/16/93 BWC 580808 4912312 15

M757.5O 31 04/03/91–04/16/93 BWC 580650 4912238 15

M753.2V 32 01/30/90–04/16/93 IMP 584545 4908931 15

M753.2S 33 01/30/90–04/16/93 IMP 583985 4908555 15

M753.1X 34 04/29/93–12/30/96 BWC 585096 4908533 91

M752.8Z 35 04/30/93–12/19/96 MC 586174 4908276 89

M752.8Y 36 04/30/93–12/19/96 MC 585823 4908119 90

ZM00.1M 37 04/30/93–12/19/96 TRIB 585582 4904640 86

M747.3R 38 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 587763 4901328 89

M746.9Y 39 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589372 4901280 90

M745.2L 40 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589565 4898404 88

WW01.3M 41 04/30/93–12/19/96 TRIB 586129 4895406 90

M742.8D 42 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589565 4894957 89

M742.6B 43 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589536 4894604 89

M738.2F 44 05/13/93–12/19/96 MC 595044 4890151 89

 See Table A-4 for habitat class descriptions. a
A-3

Table A-2. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program fixed-site water quality sampling sites sorted by location code with

associated period of record from 1993 to 1996, habitat class, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Coordinates (zone

15, meters), and number of sampling visits to the site.

Location Map Habitat Site visits

code identification Period of record class 1993–1996 a

UTM

Easting Northing

CH00.1M 24 01/29/90–12/30/96 TRIB 572933 4917624 105

CN00.1M 5 01/24/90–12/31/96 TRIB 532272 4938767 106

M738.2F 44 05/13/93–12/19/96 MC 595044 4890151 89

M742.6B 43 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589536 4894604 89

M742.8D 42 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589565 4894957 89

M745.2L 40 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589565 4898404 88

M746.9Y 39 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589372 4901280 90

M747.3R 38 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 587763 4901328 89

M752.8Y 36 04/30/93–12/19/96 MC 585823 4908119 90

M752.8Z 35 04/30/93–12/19/96 MC 586174 4908276 89

M753.1X 34 04/29/93–12/30/96 BWC 585096 4908533 91

M753.2S 33 01/30/90–04/16/93 IMP 583985 4908555 15

M753.2V 32 01/30/90–04/16/93 IMP 584545 4908931 15

M757.2Z 29 04/29/93–12/30/96 BWC 582462 4914360 91

M757.4O 30 04/03/91–04/16/93 BWC 580808 4912312 15

M757.5O 31 04/03/91–04/16/93 BWC 580650 4912238 15

M758.6X 26 02/07/90–04/16/93 BWC 581454 4915943 15

M758.6Y 27 02/07/90–04/16/93 BWC 581212 4915699 15

M760.7O 28 01/29/90–04/16/93 MC 576401 4915321 15

M761.5E 25 01/29/90–04/16/93 MC 575460 4916388 15

M764.3A 23 04/29/93–12/30/96 MC 571635 4917826 90

M766.0B 22 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 568732 4917935 15

M766.0I 21 01/26/90–12/30/96 IMP–L 568951 4919038 141

M766.0O 20 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 569220 4920225 15

M771.2P 19 04/29/93–12/30/96 IMP–L 561539 4921651 127

M775.6L 18 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 555572 4924953 15

M775.6Q 17 01/25/90–12/31/96 IMP–L 556373 4925675 142

M775.6Y 16 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 557162 4926279 15

M781.2E 15 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 551514 4932250 15

M781.2O 14 01/26/90–12/31/96 IMP–L 551416 4933885 142

M781.2X 11 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 551310 4935516 15

M786.1S 8 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 543794 4935869 15

M786.2C 13 04/28/93–12/31/96 MC 543779 4934266 90

M786.5D 12 04/28/93–12/31/96 SC 542976 4934745 88

M787.9H 10 04/02/91–04/12/93 BWC 540890 4935522 15

M790.3F 9 01/24/90–04/12/93 BWC 537282 4935661 15

M792.5N 7 11/05/90–04/12/93 SC 536344 4936971 15

M793.9P 6 01/24/90–04/12/93 MC 534406 4938355 15

M796.7M 3 01/24/90–04/12/93 MC 531626 4939642 15

M796.9M 2 04/28/93–12/31/96 MC 531047 4939664 91

M796.9N 1 11/05/90–12/31/96 MC 531001 4939807 106

VM00.1M 4 01/24/90–12/31/96 TRIB 532303 4938817 106

WW01.3M 41 04/30/93–12/19/96 TRIB 586129 4895406 90

ZM00.1M 37 04/30/93–12/19/96 TRIB 585582 4904640 86

 See Table A-4 for habitat class descriptions. a
A-4

Table A-3. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program fixed-site water quality sampling locations sorted by habitat class

with associated period of record from 1993 to 1996, habitat class, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Coordinates

(zone 15, meters), and number of sampling visits to the site.

Location Map Habitat Site visits

code identification Period of record class 1993–1996 a

UTM

Easting Northing

M753.1X 34 04/29/93–12/30/96 BWC 585096 4908533 91

M757.2Z 29 04/29/93–12/30/96 BWC 582462 4914360 91

M757.4O 30 04/03/91–04/16/93 BWC 580808 4912312 15

M757.5O 31 04/03/91–04/16/93 BWC 580650 4912238 15

M758.6X 26 02/07/90–04/16/93 BWC 581454 4915943 15

M758.6Y 27 02/07/90–04/16/93 BWC 581212 4915699 15

M787.9H 10 04/02/91–04/12/93 BWC 540890 4935522 15

M790.3F 9 01/24/90–04/12/93 BWC 537282 4935661 15

M753.2S 33 01/30/90–04/16/93 IMP 583985 4908555 15

M753.2V 32 01/30/90–04/16/93 IMP 584545 4908931 15

M766.0B 22 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 568732 4917935 15

M766.0I 21 01/26/90–12/30/96 IMP–L 568951 4919038 141

M766.0O 20 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 569220 4920225 15

M771.2P 19 04/29/93–12/30/96 IMP–L 561539 4921651 127

M775.6L 18 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 555572 4924953 15

M775.6Q 17 01/25/90–12/31/96 IMP–L 556373 4925675 142

M775.6Y 16 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 557162 4926279 15

M781.2E 15 01/26/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 551514 4932250 15

M781.2O 14 01/26/90–12/31/96 IMP–L 551416 4933885 142

M781.2X 11 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 551310 4935516 15

M786.1S 8 01/25/90–04/13/93 IMP–L 543794 4935869 15

M738.2F 44 05/13/93–12/19/96 MC 595044 4890151 89

M752.8Y 36 04/30/93–12/19/96 MC 585823 4908119 90

M752.8Z 35 04/30/93–12/19/96 MC 586174 4908276 89

M760.7O 28 01/29/90–04/16/93 MC 576401 4915321 15

M761.5E 25 01/29/90–04/16/93 MC 575460 4916388 15

M764.3A 23 04/29/93–12/30/96 MC 571635 4917826 90

M786.2C 13 04/28/93–12/31/96 MC 543779 4934266 90

M793.9P 6 01/24/90–04/12/93 MC 534406 4938355 15

M796.7M 3 01/24/90–04/12/93 MC 531626 4939642 15

M796.9M 2 04/28/93–12/31/96 MC 531047 4939664 91

M796.9N 1 11/05/90–12/31/96 MC 531001 4939807 106

M742.6B 43 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589536 4894604 89

M742.8D 42 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589565 4894957 89

M745.2L 40 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589565 4898404 88

M746.9Y 39 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 589372 4901280 90

M747.3R 38 04/30/93–12/19/96 SC 587763 4901328 89

M786.5D 12 04/28/93–12/31/96 SC 542976 4934745 88

M792.5N 7 11/05/90–04/12/93 SC 536344 4936971 15

CH00.1M 24 01/29/90–12/30/96 TRIB 572933 4917624 105

CN00.1M 5 01/24/90–12/31/96 TRIB 532272 4938767 106

VM00.1M 4 01/24/90–12/31/96 TRIB 532303 4938817 106

WW01.3M 41 04/30/93–12/19/96 TRIB 586129 4895406 90

ZM00.1M 37 04/30/93–12/19/96 TRIB 585582 4904640 86

 See Table A-4 for habitat class descriptions. a
A-5

Table A-4. Habitat classes used in fixed-site water quality sampling. Previous habitat classes refer to categories used

from 1988 to 1993 and are now combined within each of the current habitat classes.

Current

habitat class

designator Previous habitat designators included in current class Habitat class description

BWC BWC, BWC-O, BWC-V Contiguous backwaters

BWI BWI, BWI-O, BWI-V Isolated backwaters

SC SC, SCB, SCT, SCU Side channels

IMP IMP-O, IMP-V Impounded areas

IMP-L IMP-L Lakes—Swan or Pepin

MC MC, CTR, CBU, CBW, TW, TWB, TWBU, TWR-O, TWW Main channel

TRIB TRIB, TRM Tributary

Table A-5. Abbreviations used to designate fixed-site sampling locations in the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program

(LTRMP). Not all streams in this list have been sampled by the LTRMP. The Mackinaw, Spoon, and Sangamon Rivers

are all tributaries to the Illinois River. Each site identifier includes the distance (in miles) above the tributary mouth (xx.x)

and the relative location (A–Z) of the sampling site between the left and right (facing upstream) limits of the floodplain.

Site identifier Tributary name

APxx.xM Apple River, Mo.a

ALxx.xM Apple River, Ill.

BCxx.xM Bob's Creek, Mo.

BFxx.xM Buffalo River, Wis.

BKxx.xM Black River, Wis.

BMxx.xM Big Muddy River, Ill. 

BXxx.xM Bad Axe River, Wis.

CAxx.xM Cahokia Creek, Ill.

CCxx.xM Coon Creek, Wis.

CFxx.xM Catfish Creek, Iowa

CHxx.xM Chippewa River, Wis.

CNxx.xM Cannon River, Minn.

CRxx.xM Cache River, Ill.

CUxx.xM Cuivre River, Mo.

DCxx.xM Dardenne Creek, Mo.

DMxx.xM Des Moines River, Iowa

ERxx.xM Elk River, Iowa

HDxx.xM Headwaters Diversion, Mo. (Formerly Little River, LRxx.xM)

Ixxx.xZ Illinois River, Ill.

IWxx.xM Iowa River, Iowa

LMxx.xM LaMoines River, Ill.

LRxx.xM Little River, Mo. (Now Headwaters Diversion, HDxx.xM)

LXxx.xM La Crosse River, Wis.

Mxxx.xZ Mississippi River (main stem) 

MCxx.xM Mill Creek, Iowa

MKxx.xM Mackinaw River, Ill.

MOxx.xM Missouri River, Mo.

MQxx.xM Maquoketa River, Iowa

PExx.xM Peruque Creek, Mo. 

PIxx.xM Piasa Creek, Ill.

PRxx.xM Plum River, Ill.

QVxx.xM Quiver Creek, Ill.

Rxxx.xM Root River, Minn.
Table A-5. Continued.

Site identifier Tributary name

A-6

RCxx.xM Rush Creek, Ill.

Sxxx.xM Spoon River, Ill.

SGxx.xM Sangamon River, Ill.

SKxx.xM Skunk River, Iowa 

SXxx.xM St. Croix River, Minn./Wis.

UIxx.xM Upper Iowa River, Iowa

VMxx.xM Vermillion River, Minn

WDxx.xM Wood River, Ill.

WPxx.xM Wapsipinicon River, Iowa

WSxx.xM Wisconsin River, Wis.

WWxx.xM Whitewater River, Minn.

YLxx.xM Yellow River, Iowa

ZMxx.xM Zumbro River, Minn.

 State abbreviations, Minn. = Minnesota, Wis. = Wisconsin, Ill. = Illinois, Mo. = Missouri a

Figure A-1. Fixed-site sampling locations in the Lake City study area.
A-7

Figure A-2. Sampling dates from January 1993 through December 1996 at each of the fixed sites monitored by the

Lake City Field Station.
B-1

Appendix B. Stratified Random Sampling Sites: January 1993–December 1996

Randomly selected sites are used in stratified random sampling (SRS) to provide an unbiased

representation of sampling strata (and entire study areas) within each Long Term Resource Monitoring

Program study reach. Individual sites are generally not resampled in subsequent SRS episodes. Information

from an individual site is not intended to be interpreted in isolation, as it is only a single random measurement

from all the locations within a stratum during a specific episode. When pooled together, multiple

measurements (sites) from each stratum provide a statistically reliable sample of the episode and the study

reach.

Unlike the fixed-site location maps (Appendix A), the maps provided for SRS do not show the individual

sampling locations, but rather the sampling strata within the reach. This approach allows a legible portrayal

and de-emphasizes the individual identities of SRS locations.

The tables in Appendix B show the allocation of sampling effort across the sampling strata and across

the 14 SRS episodes within the 1993–96 period.

Table B-1. Sampling strata and design allocation of sampling effort for water quality stratified random sampling in

the vicinity of the Lake City Field Station. Total area of the study reach is greater than the total area included within the

sampling strata due to inaccessible areas that are excluded from sampling.

Sampling the stratum the stratum sampling sites of sites sampled effort

stratum (ha) (%) in the stratum assigned (%) (%)

Area within area within potential Number stratum of total

Fraction of study Number of Fraction of Fraction

a

Main channel 1,240 8 310 25 8.1 19

Side channel 722 5 2,887 30 1.0 22

Backwater 2,301 16 9,203 50 0.5 37

Lake 9,764 66 2,441 30 1.2 22

Impounded 0 0 — — 0.0 0

Isolated 660 4 165 — 0.0 0

Total 14,833 99 15,006 135 0.9 100 b

 Total potential sites reflects a 200-m grid in most strata but a 50-m grid in side channels and backwaters. a

 Total area refers to the entire pool or study reach and is greater than the sum of areas within the sampling strata. b
B-2

Table B-2. Sampling dates and sampling activity of the Lake City Field Station in each stratified random sampling

episode from 1993 through 1996.

Sampling period Number of samples collected/sites visited

Episode date date Total channel channel backwater Lake Impoundment Isolated

Start End Main Side Contiguous

Summer 93 07/26/93 08/03/93 216/135 25/25 32/30 99/50 60/30 NA NA

Fall 93 10/18/93 10/26/93 200/135 25/25 30/30 85/50 60/30 NA NA

Winter 94 01/19/94 01/28/94 188/124 14/14 30/30 84/50 60/30 NA NA

Spring 94 04/18/94 04/25/94 213/135 25/25 30/30 98/50 60/30 NA NA

Summer 94 07/25/94 08/03/94 204/135 25/25 30/30 89/50 60/30 NA NA

Fall 94 10/10/94 10/14/94 201/135 25/25 30/30 86/50 60/30 NA NA

Winter 95 01/30/95 02/06/95 180/132 25/25 30/30 65/47 60/30 NA NA

Spring 95 04/24/95 05/02/95 214/135 25/25 31/30 98/50 60/30 NA NA

Summer 95 07/27/95 08/04/95 192/134 24/24 30/30 78/50 60/30 NA NA

Fall 95 10/09/95 10/16/95 208/135 26/25 30/30 92/50 60/30 NA NA

Winter 96 02/05/96 02/14/96 188/135 25/25 31/30 73/50 59/30 NA NA

Spring 96 04/29/96 05/06/96 214/135 25/25 32/30 97/50 60/30 NA NA

Summer 96 07/22/96 07/30/96 205/135 25/25 29/29 91/51 60/30 NA NA

Fall 96 10/14/96 10/22/96 197/134 25/25 31/30 81/49 60/30 NA NA
B-3

Figure B-1. Long Term Resource Monitoring Program sampling strata used in water quality stratified random

sampling in the vicinity of the Lake City Field Station.
C-1

Appendix C. Limnological Parameters Measured in the

Long Term Resource Monitoring Program

Table C-1. Period of record for limnological measurements (laboratory and in situ) performed by Long Term Resource

Monitoring Program field teams from 1988 through 1996.

Parameter 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993–199

6

Water temperature $$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Dissolved oxygen $$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Conductivity $$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

pH June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Turbidity $$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Secchi depth $$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Total suspended solids $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Volatile suspended solids $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Chlorophyll a June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Total phosphorus June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Soluble reactive phosphorus June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Total soluble phosphorus June $ $$$$$$ $$ Apr 93

Total nitrogen June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Total soluble nitrogen June $ $$$$$$ $$ Apr 93

NOx (nitrate plus nitrite) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

NHx (ammonium) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Si (silicate) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Cl (chloride) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Ca (calcium) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Mg (magnesium) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Na (sodium) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

K (potassium) June $ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Fe (iron) June $ $$$$$$ $$ Feb 93

Mn (manganese) June $ $$$$$$ $$ Feb 93

Ice and snow $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Water depth $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$

Water velocity $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$ $$$$$$ $$$$$
C-2

Table C-2. Laboratory measurements performed on limnological samples from 1988 through 1996. Each laboratory

processed samples or parameters between the dates listed. The precision of result reporting is shown in

parentheses. Analytical techniques are described in the procedures manuals for the Waterways Experiment Station

(WES) Environmental Laboratories and by the American Public Health Association et al. (1992).

Parameter and method

Laboratory

WES–Vicksburg WES–EauGalle UMESC

Total suspended solids: — June 91–June 93 June 93–Present

Gravimetric/105 C (1 μg/L) (1 μg/L) o

Volatile suspended solids: — June 91–June 93 June 93–Present

Gravimetric/550 C (1 μg/L) (1 μg/L) o

Chlorophyll a: Fluorometric- — — June 93–Present

DMSO-acetone extraction (1 μg/L)

Chlorophyll a: — June 91–June 93 June 93–Present

Spectrophotometric 90% acetone (1 μg/L) (1 μg/L)

extraction

Total phosphorus: Automated/ — June 91–Jan. 94 Jan. 94–Present

persulfate/ascorbic acid (1 μg/L) (1 μg/L)

Soluble reactive phosphorus June 91–Dec. 93

(H): Automated/ H2SO4(1 μg/L) — —

preservation, ascorbic acid

Soluble reactive phosphorus: Jan. 94–Feb. 94 Feb. 94–Present

Automated /frozen/ ascorbic acid (1 μg/L) — (1 μg/L)

Total soluble phosphorus June 91–Apr. 93

Automated/persulfate/ascorbic — (1 μg/L) —

acid

Total nitrogen: — June 91–Jan. 94 Jan. 94–Present

Automated/Devarda's alloy (0.01 mg/L) (0.01 mg/L)

Total soluble nitrogen: — June 91–Apr. 93 —

Automated/Devarda's Alloy (0.01 mg/L)

No : Automated Cd reduction, June 91–Apr. 94 Apr.–June 94: Cd x

ion chromatography Automated Cd — Reduction June

Reduction 94–Present: Ion C.

(0.01 mg/L) (0.01 mg/L)

NH : Automated salicylate June 91–Feb. 94 — Feb. 94–Present x

(1 μg/L) (1 μg/L)

Dissolved Si: June 91–Feb. 94 — Mar. 94–Present

Automated/molybdate (0.01 mg/L) (0.01 mg/L)

SO : Ion chromatography — — Jan. 94–Present 4

(0.1 mg/L)

Dissolved chloride: Automated June 91–June 94: — June 94–Present: IC

Ferro-cyanide, ion Automated FeCN (0.1 mg/L)

chromatography (0.1 mg/L)

Dissolved calcium: Ion — — Jan. 94–Present

chromatography (0.1 mg/L)

Dissolved calcium: Atomic June 91–Oct. 93 — Oct. 93–1 Jan. 94

absorption (0.1 mg/L) (0.1 mg/L)
Table C-2. Continued.

Parameter and method

Laboratory

WES–Vicksburg WES–EauGalle UMESC

C-3

Dissolved magnesium: Ion Jan. 94–Present

chromatography (0.1 mg/L)

Dissolved sodium: Ion Jan. 94–Present

chromatography (0.1 mg/L)

Dissolved potassium: Atomic June 91–Oct. 93 — Oct. 93–Present

absorption (0.1 mg/L) (0.1 mg/L)

Dissolved iron: Atomic June 91–Apr. 93 — —

absorption (0.01 mg/L)

Dissolved manganese: Atomic June 91–Apr. 93 — —

absorption (0.01 mg/L)
D-1

Appendix D. Water Quality Sample Collection

Details of sample collection are important to ensure that field activities comply with the monitoring design

and are producing unbiased results. The figures in Appendix D focus on site visits and sample collection times.

Consistent differences in sampling times among sites, over time, or among field stations can introduce serious

bias into measurements influenced by daily cycles (e.g., temperature and dissolved oxygen). Gapsin the data

record can also have important ramifications for data interpretation and are therefore documented here.
D-2

Table D-1. Fixed-site sampling visit exceptions from 1993 to 1996 at the Lake City Field Station. Table entries are

keyed to numbered points on Figure D-1.

Figure

code Begin date Site visits Comment

1 05/21/93 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

2 06/04/93 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

3 06/18/93 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

4 07/02/93 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

5 07/16/93 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

6 08/13/93 5 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

7 08/27/93 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

8 09/10/93 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

9 12/24/93 0 Unable to sample for logistical reasons. 

10 01/28/94 0 Unable to sample for logistical reasons. 

11 06/03/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

12 06/17/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

13 07/01/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

14 07/15/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

15 08/12/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

16 08/26/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

17 09/09/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

18 09/23/94 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

19 10/14/94 0 Sample schedule interrupted by stratified random sampling. 

20 12/16/94 0 Unable to sample for logistical reasons. 

21 02/03/95 0 Sample schedule interrupted by stratified random sampling. 

22 05/12/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

23 05/26/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

24 06/09/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

25 06/23/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

26 07/07/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

27 07/21/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

28 08/18/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

29 09/01/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

30 09/15/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

31 09/29/95 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

32 12/15/95 0 Unable to sample for logistical reasons.

33 01/05/96 1 Unable to sample for logistical reasons.

34 02/09/96 0 Sample schedule interrupted by stratified random sampling. 

35 03/08/96 0 Unable to sample for logistical reasons.

36 05/17/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

37 05/31/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

38 06/14/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only. 

39 06/28/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

40 07/12/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

41 08/09/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

42 08/23/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

43 09/06/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

44 09/20/96 4 In situ Lake Pepin samples only.

45 11/08/96 0 Unable to sample for logistical reasons.

46 11/29/96 0 Unable to sample for logistical reasons.
D-3

Figure D-1. Number of weekly fixed-site visits from January 1993 through December 1996 by the Lake City Field

Station. Numbered points are weeks that differ by more than one standard deviation from the mean site visits per

week and are described in Table D-1. 
D-4

Figure D-2. Distribution of sample collection times at fixed sites from 1993 to 1996. Each bar is labeled with the

number of site visits within each hourly interval.
D-5

Figure D-3. Trend in fixed-site sample collection times by quarter, from 1993 to 1996. The midpoint (median) for each

quarter is joined by a solid line. The box extending above and below the median denotes the 90th and 10th

percentiles, respectively. The vertical line extends above and below the box to the maximum and minimum values for

the quarter.
D-6

Figure D-4. Distribution of fixed sites by median sampling time at each site from 1993 to 1996.
D-7

Figure D-5. Water quality sample collection times in each sampling strata during each episode of stratified random

sampling from 1993 to 1996. The midpoints (median) of the episodes are joined by a solid line. The box extending

above and below the median denotes the 90th and 10th percentiles, respectively. The vertical line extends above and

below each box to the maximum and minimum values for the episode. 
E-1

Appendix E. Fixed-site Sampling Data: January 1993–December 1996

In Appendix E, we summarize the fixed-site monitoring data in both tabular and graphic forms. The tables

contain annual statistics for each fixed site divided into two parameter groups: (1) physical and biological

measurements (Table E-1), and (2) chemical data (major anions, cations, and plant nutrients; Table E-2).

Within each parameter group, the data are divided by sampling depth into three groups (surface, middepth,

and bottom). Chemical measurements are typically collected only at the surface and near-bottom. The

majority of all measurements are in the near-surface category. Refer to Appendix A for descriptions and

locations of the individual sampling sites. Sites with less than five visits during the 1993–1996 period are

excluded from these summaries.

The figures (E-1, E-2) of the fixed-site data are in two formats. For sampling on the Mississippi (or

Illinois) River main stems, the figures generally include separate plots of monthly means from main channel

and impounded sites near the upstream and downstream ends of the reach or pool (where available). For

tributary sampling, only a single plot is provided. Unlike the summary tables, these figures combine data from

all sampling depths.

Data that have been flagged as questionable in the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program database

are excluded from this summary. Values that are below detection are indicated by the detection limit preceded

by a negative sign. Below-detection values are included in the determination of minima, maxima, and medians,

but in the calculation of means and standard deviations, values below detection have been replaced by a value

equal to half the detection limit. The Secchi transparency data in this report do not include observations where

Secchi transparency exceeded the water column depth. High transparency conditions are thus underrepresented.
E-2

Table E-1. Annual summaries (1993–1996) of physical measurements at fixed sites grouped into four categories: near-surface (less than or equal to 0.2 m below the

surface), middepth, near-bottom (less than or equal to 0.2 m above the substrate), and miscellaneous depths.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

CH00.1M Mean 0.2 2.12 0.53 100 42 100 9 8.53 10.8 89 176 7.9 86.8 9 14.3 5.1 13.1 —

 Median 0.2 1.99 0.49 100 40 100 5 3.95 11.7 91 159 7.9 93 6 12.5 5.1 13.5 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.71 0.13 100 29 100 3 0 5.5 64 91 7.2 40 3 2.6 1.7 2.99 —

 Maximum 0.2 4 1.06 100 58 100 24 22.8 13.6 109 460 8.9 143 25 40.1 9 33.2 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.84 0.26 0 8.15 0 7.5 8.78 2.3 9.44 78.2 0.34 23.7 6.53 10 1.84 8.7 —

 N obs. 30 30 12 9 9 9 9 30 30 30 30 30 24 30 16 16 16 0

 

CN00.1M Mean 0.2 2.48 0.7 100 38 100 13 8.32 10.9 88 632 8.3 73 18 33.3 8.2 — —

 Median 0.2 1.94 0.64 100 40 100 8 4.5 12.4 93 604 8.3 73 12 23.5 6.6 — —

 Minimum 0.2 1 0.41 100 29 100 6 0 4.8 55 425 7.8 25 2 5.8 1.9 — —

 Maximum 0.2 5 1.56 100 43 100 25 23.8 14.4 117 851 8.7 130 125 125 20.2 — —

 Std. dev. 0 1.28 0.27 0 5.59 0 7.9 8.58 3.1 13 117 0.22 30.4 24.2 29.7 5.16 — —

 N obs. 32 32 13 5 5 5 5 32 32 32 31 32 25 32 16 16 0 0

 

M738.2F Mean 0.2 — — — — — — 13.9 9.79 91 529 8.3 — 18 21.6 6.3 12.9 —

 Median 0.2 — — — — — — 16.5 9.5 91 524 8.4 — 15 22.3 6.8 12 —

 Minimum 0.2 — — — — — — 0 5.5 63 445 7.9 — 5 3.2 2.7 4.49 —

 Maximum 0.2 — — — — — — 23.9 15.8 114 655 8.8 — 41 47.4 8.6 24.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 — — — — — — 8.09 2.95 12.8 46.6 0.26 — 10.9 13.1 2.09 5.93 —

 N obs. 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 17 17 17 17 0 17 15 15 15 0

 

M742.6B Mean 0.2 1.47 1.08 — — — — 13.7 11.5 107 533 8.5 50.6 25 30.9 10 30.5 —

 Median 0.2 1.5 1.2 — — — — 16.1 11.7 103 533 8.5 41 28 34.7 10.1 21.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.2 0.53 — — — — 1 5.2 59 444 7.9 28 5 2.6 2.4 3.74 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.2 1.78 — — — — 24 18.6 161 664 9 153 44 46.8 22.3 98.1 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.26 0.44 — — — — 8.04 3.51 26.4 51.4 0.27 31.9 10.7 15.3 5.09 27.4 —

 N obs. 18 17 15 0 0 0 0 18 18 18 18 18 17 18 16 16 16 0

 

M742.8D Mean 0.2 2.07 1.23 10 8 0 0 13.6 10.7 98 535 8.4 53.5 25 30.4 8.9 21.2 —

 Median 0.2 2 1.05 10 8 0 0 16 9.95 97 540 8.5 42 27 29.9 8.3 15.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.8 0.63 10 8 0 0 1 5.4 61 450 7.9 20 5 2.9 2.5 3.74 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.7 1.8 10 8 0 0 23.8 18.4 136 632 8.9 159 55 76.6 25.3 110 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.23 0.41 — — — — 8.08 3.48 19.1 40.5 0.28 36.5 14 18.7 5.2 25.1 —

 N obs. 18 17 15 1 1 1 1 18 18 18 18 18 17 18 16 16 16 0

 

M745.2L Mean 0.2 2.02 0.55 — — — — 14.8 9.59 91 531 8.3 62 19 25.1 6.5 11.4 —

 Median 0.2 2 0.58 — — — — 16.5 9.1 93 530 8.4 54.5 16 24.5 6.9 9.67 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.3 0.27 — — — — 0.8 5.7 65 415 7.9 34 5 3.6 2.4 3.74 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.6 0.85 — — — — 24 14.2 124 595 8.7 133 39 58.2 11.7 30.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.33 0.2 — — — — 7.3 2.9 17 42.3 0.27 27.1 10.1 15.2 2.37 6.75 —

 N obs. 17 17 14 0 0 0 0 17 17 17 17 17 16 17 15 15 15 0

 
E-3

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M746.9Y Mean 0.2 3.93 — 80 12 0 0 14.2 9.57 89 426 8.2 80.3 14 17.5 5.8 11.7 —

 Median 0.2 3.85 — 80 12 0 0 16.6 9.35 92 441 8.4 70.5 13 17.9 5.5 10.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 3 — 80 12 0 0 0.3 5.4 62 103 7.2 51 4 3.3 2.5 2.14 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.9 — 80 12 0 0 24.2 14.2 105 600 8.6 171 22 32.2 12.9 24.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.52 — — — — — 7.9 2.86 13.2 99.2 0.37 35.5 5.4 8.78 2.39 6.16 —

 N obs. 18 18 0 1 1 1 1 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 16 16 16 0

 

M747.3R Mean 0.2 1.69 1.07 — — — — 14.7 9.43 90 533 8.3 64.9 22 31.8 7.9 10.2 —

 Median 0.2 1.5 1.05 — — — — 16.2 8.8 90 530 8.3 58.5 16 23 6.6 9.62 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.3 0.48 — — — — 0.5 5.9 69 440 7.8 33 5 3.6 2.5 2.81 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.5 1.75 — — — — 23.9 14.1 119 595 8.7 144 52 83.3 19.3 24.8 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.37 0.39 — — — — 7.27 2.71 14.1 39.7 0.26 30.4 14.4 23.5 4.59 5.86 —

 N obs. 17 17 17 0 0 0 0 17 17 17 17 17 16 17 15 15 15 0

 

M752.8Y Mean 0.2 6.75 — — — — — 14 9.6 89 562 8.4 73.5 14 15.9 5.3 10.4 —

 Median 0.2 7.9 — — — — — 16.1 9 88 554 8.4 68 15 18 5.4 9.55 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.5 — — — — — 0.1 5.2 61 478 7.8 44 5 2.6 2 2.67 —

 Maximum 0.2 10.5 — — — — — 24 14.6 130 664 9.1 160 25 24.3 8.4 31.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 2.69 — — — — — 7.99 3.21 18.9 51.5 0.33 29.9 5.82 7.1 1.77 7.05 —

 N obs. 18 17 0 0 0 0 0 18 18 18 18 18 17 18 16 16 16 0

 

M752.8Z Mean 0.2 3.12 — — — — — 13.6 9.46 87 363 8.1 67.8 14 19.9 5.7 12.1 —

 Median 0.2 2.7 — — — — — 16 8.9 90 377 8.2 62 15 23.3 5.9 11.9 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.8 — — — — — 0 4.8 53 109 7.2 54 5 3.3 2.4 2.14 —

 Maximum 0.2 5.8 — — — — — 23.9 13.8 108 580 8.6 135 20 34.2 7.9 29.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.19 — — — — — 8.03 2.98 15 102 0.38 19.7 4.71 9.25 1.69 7.54 —

 N obs. 18 17 0 0 0 0 0 18 18 18 18 17 17 18 16 16 16 0

 

M753.1X Mean 0.2 2.41 0.44 87.5 10 0 0 14.5 9.78 92 561 8.4 78.5 13 15.5 5.8 11.1 —

 Median 0.2 2 0.36 87.5 10 0 0 16.7 9.55 92 559 8.4 68 13 15.5 5.7 10.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.5 0.11 75 2 0 0 0.1 5.9 68 480 7.9 40 4 3 2.2 4.37 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.7 1 100 18 0 0 25 15 146 670 8.9 169 27 32.3 14.6 31.1 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.49 0.3 17.7 11.3 0 0 8.27 2.99 18.3 50.8 0.28 32 6.76 7.85 2.76 6.52 —

 N obs. 18 18 14 2 2 2 2 18 18 18 18 18 17 18 16 16 16 0

 

M753.2S Mean 0.2 3.35 0.06 100 40 98 9 0.9 12.7 89 552 8 170 5 7 1.7 3.23 —

 Median 0.2 3.27 0.03 100 42 100 7 0 12.6 88 516 8 175 3 1.2 1.2 4.58 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.16 0.01 100 23 75 3 0 11 80 406 7.8 42 2 1 1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 3.8 0.29 100 50 100 22 5 14.3 104 733 8.2 290 23 18.9 2.8 6.11 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.21 0.09 0 8.84 7.54 5.7 1.57 1.16 7.64 91 0.14 69.5 6.36 10.3 0.99 3.74 —

 N obs. 14 14 10 11 11 11 11 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 3 3 3 0

 
E-4

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M753.2V Mean 0.2 2.18 0.02 100 44 100 10 0.88 12.8 89 544 8 49 5 — — — —

 Median 0.2 1.26 0.01 100 45 100 10 0 12.4 86 510 8 49 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.79 0 100 24 100 1 0 10.6 79 403 7.7 45 1 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 13.5 0.09 100 60 100 22 5.5 15.3 105 663 8.2 53 24 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 3.39 0.03 0 12.1 0 5.9 1.68 1.5 9.28 76.7 0.15 5.66 6.56 — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 10 9 9 9 9 13 13 13 13 13 2 13 0 0 0 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 0.2 3.91 0.31 65 12 0 0 14.4 9.52 88 315 8.1 84.9 11 13.1 4.9 13.2 —

 Median 0.2 3.8 0.29 65 12 0 0 16 8.4 85 353 8.2 73.5 12 14.6 4.8 11.2 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.4 0.05 30 7 0 0 0.1 5.5 62 86 7 50 4 2.3 2.6 1.66 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.9 0.72 100 17 0 0 24.8 15.3 129 568 8.8 188 18 19 7.8 44.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.42 0.23 49.5 7.07 0 0 8.35 3.1 14.8 133 0.5 33.4 4.05 5.06 1.41 9.61 —

 N obs. 18 18 14 2 2 2 2 18 17 17 18 18 18 18 16 15 16 0

 

M757.4O Mean 0.2 1.51 0.01 100 43 88 10 0.63 13.2 92 576 8 116 5 — — — —

 Median 0.2 1.4 0 100 46 100 6 0 12.4 90 554 8 139 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 1.18 0 100 25 0 0 0 11.2 77 494 7.8 51 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 2.4 0.02 100 55 100 39 5.8 19.8 136 739 8.5 146 20 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.31 0.01 0 10.3 31.1 10 1.6 2.49 16.9 78 0.22 39.8 4.93 — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 9 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 6 13 0 0 0 0

 

M757.5O Mean 0.2 0.87 0.01 100 41 83 8 0.64 13.4 94 572 8.1 48 5 — — — —

 Median 0.2 0.76 0.01 100 40 100 7 0.1 12.6 87 528 8 48 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.66 0 100 32 0 0 0 11.2 77 493 7.8 48 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 1.8 0.06 100 52 100 25 5.8 19.8 139 712 8.4 48 20 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.32 0.02 0 7.61 38.9 7.1 1.58 2.8 19.4 77.9 0.21 — 4.85 — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 9 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 1 13 0 0 0 0

 

M758.6X Mean 0.2 1.07 0.02 100 38 100 9 0.32 8.41 58 387 7.5 68.3 10 — — — —

 Median 0.2 1.01 0.03 100 39 100 5 0.05 7.75 53 416 7.4 65.5 10 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.88 0 100 26 100 2 0 6.9 47 111 7.4 50 5 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 1.9 0.03 100 49 100 24 3 11.3 84 461 7.6 112 13 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.27 0.01 0 7.67 0 7 0.85 1.44 11.2 91.8 0.06 16.2 2.04 — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 9 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 0 0 0 0

 

M758.6Y Mean 0.2 1.64 0.04 100 31 91 8 0.38 12.1 84 411 7.8 115 5 1.4 1.2 1.6 —

 Median 0.2 1.64 0.04 100 34 100 6 0 12 82 440 7.9 115 4 1.4 1.2 1.6 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.24 0.02 100 10 0 0 0 10.8 74 97 7.6 75 3 1.4 1.1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.1 0.08 100 45 100 21 3.1 13.7 94 550 8 150 13 1.4 1.2 4.2 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.18 0.02 0 11.9 30.2 7.1 0.87 0.85 5.83 128 0.13 22.4 2.81 0 0.07 3.68 —

 N obs. 13 13 10 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 2 2 2 0

 
E-5

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M760.7O Mean 0.2 1.97 0.25 5 8 0 0 1.23 12.6 89 525 8 131 6 — — — —

 Median 0.2 1.87 0.13 5 8 0 0 0.2 12.2 88 511 8 107 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 1 0.07 5 8 0 0 0 10.8 80 405 7.8 49 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 3.77 0.74 5 8 0 0 5.9 14.8 108 643 8.3 260 24 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.88 0.24 — — — — 1.73 1.26 8.72 73 0.17 96.6 6.21 — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 12 1 1 1 1 13 13 13 13 13 4 13 0 0 0 0

 

M761.5E Mean 0.2 3.22 0.4 — — — — 1.28 12.6 89 515 8 207 6 6.6 1.8 2.91 —

 Median 0.2 3.05 0.29 — — — — 0.8 12.6 88 510 7.9 230 3 1.6 1.2 4.2 —

 Minimum 0.2 2.5 0.13 — — — — 0 10.6 79 400 7.7 41 3 -0.1 -0.1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.8 1.13 — — — — 5.8 14.8 104 621 8.2 280 23 18.2 4.3 5.54 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.67 0.29 — — — — 1.67 1.29 8.29 68.4 0.16 76.4 6.05 10.1 2.26 3.45 —

 N obs. 13 13 12 0 0 0 0 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 3 3 3 0

 

M764.3A Mean 0.2 7.06 — — — — — 14.8 9.6 92 564 8.3 101 12 33.1 4.6 9.65 —

 Median 0.2 7 — — — — — 16.8 8.45 86 563 8.3 87 10 9.6 4.5 9.48 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.8 — — — — — 0.2 6 69 475 7.9 48 4 2.7 2.2 4.37 —

 Maximum 0.2 8.8 — — — — — 25.2 15.8 168 673 9 221 25 383 7.7 17.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.1 — — — — — 8.1 3.26 24.6 53.2 0.26 47.8 6.17 93.4 1.53 4.21 —

 N obs. 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 16 16 16 0

 

M766.0B Mean 0.2 11.6 — 100 34 100 9 0.97 13.5 94 669 8.1 204 4 — — — —

 Median 0.2 11.4 — 100 38 100 9 0.75 13.2 92 665 8 220 2 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 11 — 100 20 100 3 0 10.3 79 444 7.9 43 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 13.7 — 100 43 100 17 6.1 19 130 770 8.4 379 15 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.69 — 0 8 0 4.8 1.67 2.25 14 83.4 0.13 102 3.68 — — — —

 N obs. 13 12 0 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 0 0 0 0

 

M766.0I Mean 0.2 6.82 — 100 45 99 11 11.7 10.3 91 587 8.3 132 9 9.7 5.5 8.93 —

 Median 0.2 7 — 100 47 100 10 13.6 10.2 90 575 8.2 107 7 7.3 4.6 10.5 —

 Minimum 0.2 5.26 — 100 20 90 1 0 1.1 8 451 7.9 44 1 -0.1 -0.1 1.25 —

 Maximum 0.2 9.1 — 100 64 100 19 26 17 133 734 8.7 320 29 26.8 25.3 16.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.18 — 0 12.5 2.89 4.8 10.2 3.59 20.2 72.9 0.21 76.3 6.88 7.56 5.68 4.74 —

 N obs. 37 36 0 12 12 12 12 36 36 36 36 35 36 36 17 16 16 0

 

M766.0O Mean 0.2 2.17 — 100 47 100 13 0.67 14.3 99 651 8.2 130 4 — — — —

 Median 0.2 1.96 — 100 48 100 15 0.15 13.7 94 659 8.1 128 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 1.91 — 100 30 100 6 0 10.3 80 449 7.9 61 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 4.55 — 100 60 100 18 6.4 18.6 128 741 8.5 178 16 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.75 — 0 8.72 0 3.7 1.81 2.46 15.5 72.8 0.2 42.9 3.94 — — — —

 N obs. 13 12 0 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 7 12 0 0 0 0

 
E-6

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M771.2P Mean 0.2 9.4 — 100 22 90 1 16.8 9.09 91 550 8.3 69.4 16 15.2 6.8 14 —

 Median 0.2 9.4 — 100 22 90 1 18.9 8.4 88 552 8.3 58 15 13.2 5.8 11.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 8.1 — 100 22 90 1 0.5 5.5 65 424 7.7 37 5 4 3 4.99 —

 Maximum 0.2 11.3 — 100 22 90 1 25.9 14.8 131 684 8.7 150 32 39.7 25.1 41.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.87 — — — — — 7.6 2.73 17.1 63.3 0.24 32.2 7.78 9.29 5.5 9.55 —

 N obs. 26 26 0 1 1 1 1 26 26 26 26 25 26 26 14 14 15 0

 

M775.6L Mean 0.2 3.46 — 100 44 93 8 1.26 12.9 91 634 8.1 163 5 — — — —

 Median 0.2 2.96 — 100 47 100 9 0.6 13.3 92 650 8.1 185 2 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 2.77 — 100 28 20 3 0 10.2 80 433 7.9 41 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 6.3 — 100 52 100 14 7 14 98 742 8.2 239 30 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 1.11 — 0 6.97 23.1 3.7 2.09 1.19 5.43 82 0.09 59.5 7.9 — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 0 12 12 12 12 14 14 14 14 14 12 14 0 0 0 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 0.2 9.37 — 100 44 86 8 11.2 10.5 91 584 8.2 105 15 18.4 6.3 14.2 —

 Median 0.2 9.28 — 100 45 100 7 11.6 10.8 89 574 8.2 60.5 15 19 7 13.5 —

 Minimum 0.2 8.16 — 100 23 0 0 0 5.7 64 431 7.6 31 2 1.6 -0.1 2.67 —

 Maximum 0.2 11.5 — 100 55 100 16 25.8 18.6 137 795 8.7 320 38 39.4 12.2 52.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.01 — 0 9.87 34 4.3 9.7 3.15 15.6 80.5 0.24 80.6 11.5 11.2 3.09 11.4 —

 N obs. 40 40 0 13 13 13 13 40 40 40 40 39 40 40 19 19 19 0

 

M775.6Y Mean 0.2 4.64 — 100 44 93 10 0.89 13.5 94 611 8.1 181 5 — — — —

 Median 0.2 4.67 — 100 47 100 10 0.1 13.5 92 637 8.1 172 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 2.96 — 100 28 20 3 0 10.4 81 417 8 49 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 6.5 — 100 55 100 16 6.1 21 144 660 8.3 351 25 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.76 — 0 8.98 23.1 3.7 1.99 2.53 15.5 72.3 0.1 89.5 6.77 — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 0 12 12 12 12 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0 0

 

M781.2E Mean 0.2 7.41 — 100 30 100 7 1.44 12.9 91 630 8 183 6 — — — —

 Median 0.2 7.1 — 100 30 100 5 0.65 13.2 91 643 8 184 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 6.47 — 100 22 100 2 0 10 79 455 8 40 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 9.5 — 100 40 100 15 6.1 15 103 720 8.2 259 30 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.98 — 0 5.21 0 4.5 2.06 1.49 7.22 75.1 0.07 69.9 8.48 — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 0 9 9 9 9 12 12 12 12 11 12 11 0 0 0 0

 

M781.2O Mean 0.2 6.15 — 100 48 92 11 11.1 10.8 93 578 8.2 103 18 25.1 7.1 16.1 —

 Median 0.2 6.1 — 100 52 100 12 12.2 10.5 91 571 8.2 57.5 17 23 8.3 15.9 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.95 — 100 26 0 0 0 5.9 66 415 7.9 27 2 1 -0.1 1.5 —

 Maximum 0.2 8.3 — 100 60 100 17 25.1 16.9 139 737 8.9 294 51 60.7 14.9 53.5 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.04 — 0 10.5 27.7 4.4 9.74 3.39 16.1 82.8 0.23 81.3 13.9 16.2 3.65 12.7 —

 N obs. 40 40 0 13 13 13 13 40 40 40 40 39 40 40 19 19 19 0

 
E-7

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M781.2X Mean 0.2 2.13 — 100 47 100 10 0.92 14 97 619 8.1 130 5 — — — —

 Median 0.2 1.82 — 100 47 100 10 0.05 14.6 100 651 8.1 153 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 1.74 — 100 28 100 4 0 10.5 83 420 7.9 33 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 4.2 — 100 61 100 16 6 17.1 119 715 8.5 172 26 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.84 — 0 9.48 0 4 1.98 2.07 12 84.9 0.15 51.1 6.9 — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 0 12 12 12 12 14 14 14 14 14 9 14 0 0 0 0

 

M786.1S Mean 0.2 1.29 — 93.3 31 87 7 1.69 13.8 99 607 8.1 42.5 7 — — — —

 Median 0.2 0.93 — 100 33 100 7 0.75 14.3 99 619 8.1 42.5 4 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.8 — 40 5 0 0 0 10.5 82 442 8 26 3 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 3.4 — 100 40 100 16 5.1 16.3 118 719 8.4 59 36 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.9 — 20 10.9 33.2 4.6 2 1.82 12 90.9 0.12 23.3 9.73 — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 0 9 9 9 9 12 12 12 12 12 2 12 0 0 0 0

 

M786.2C Mean 0.2 6.34 — — — — — 14.5 9.2 86 575 8.3 61.2 29 42.3 9.6 16.7 —

 Median 0.2 6.25 — — — — — 16 8.6 86 587 8.3 45 29 52.9 9.7 15.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 5.2 — — — — — 1 5.5 62 469 7.8 30 5 4.7 2.3 3.74 —

 Maximum 0.2 8.9 — — — — — 25.2 14 102 681 8.6 174 56 63.2 16.1 39.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.09 — — — — — 7.9 2.85 12.2 51.5 0.23 40 15.4 20.4 3.85 10.1 —

 N obs. 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 18 18 18 17 18 18 17 16 16 16 0

 

M786.5D Mean 0.2 3.24 — 100 13 0 0 14.3 9.43 88 562 8.3 63 26 40.3 9.9 17.1 —

 Median 0.2 3.15 — 100 13 0 0 16 8.55 88 569 8.3 42 27 48.2 10.2 17.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 2.1 — 100 13 0 0 0.1 5.6 64 461 7.8 32 6 4.9 2.8 5.61 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.9 — 100 13 0 0 25.1 16.1 110 692 8.8 193 44 61.7 15.7 38.2 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.86 — — — — — 8.06 2.99 12.3 64.5 0.25 44.2 14.4 20.4 3.9 9.4 —

 N obs. 18 18 0 1 1 1 1 18 18 18 18 18 18 17 16 16 16 0

 

M787.9H Mean 0.2 1.15 0.09 95.6 22 81 9 1.91 13.2 95 622 8 52 9 23.1 3.7 4.45 —

 Median 0.2 0.85 0.06 100 27 100 7 0.8 13.4 93 625 8 58.5 3 6.2 1.5 1.78 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.68 0.03 80 8 0 0 0 10.8 83 429 7.9 21 2 1.5 1.4 1.78 —

 Maximum 0.2 3 0.28 100 33 100 22 5.9 14.8 111 761 8.2 70 57 61.6 8.1 9.8 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.76 0.07 7.79 10.1 36.7 8.7 2.17 1.23 9.38 83.2 0.09 22.5 15 33.4 3.84 4.63 —

 N obs. 15 15 15 7 7 7 7 15 15 15 14 14 4 14 3 3 3 0

 

M790.3F Mean 0.2 1.3 0.15 95 20 95 12 2.32 13.8 100 611 8.1 34 8 — — — —

 Median 0.2 0.96 0.12 100 25 100 10 2 14.3 101 613 8 35.5 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.7 0.08 80 1 80 2 0 10.6 85 422 7.9 3 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 3.55 0.33 100 28 100 25 5.8 15.8 118 765 8.3 62 41 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.84 0.08 10 12.5 10 9.9 1.89 1.59 11.5 81.6 0.11 26.9 11 — — — —

 N obs. 15 15 14 4 4 4 4 15 15 15 14 15 4 15 0 0 0 0

 
E-8

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M792.5N Mean 0.2 2.11 0.21 100 24 100 15 2.31 13.1 95 605 8 89 8 — — — —

 Median 0.2 1.75 0.09 100 24 100 15 1.95 13.4 96 612 8 80.5 3 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 1.48 0.06 100 22 100 6 0 10.8 85 430 7.9 20 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 4.3 0.73 100 26 100 24 5.2 14.4 105 733 8.2 185 39 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.9 0.24 0 2.83 0 13 1.54 0.96 5.93 77 0.08 62.7 11.7 — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 13 2 2 2 2 14 14 14 13 14 6 14 0 0 0 0

 

M793.9P Mean 0.2 2.06 0.33 10 3 10 1 2.58 12.7 93 607 8 28.7 12 24.9 3.4 2.73 —

 Median 0.2 1.81 0.2 10 3 10 1 2.05 13.1 94 623 8 21 3 2.7 1.7 1.17 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.4 0.11 10 3 10 1 1 10.2 82 429 7.9 19 2 1.8 -0.1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 4 1.01 10 3 10 1 6 13.9 103 675 8.2 46 56 70.1 8.5 8.02 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.82 0.31 — — — — 1.52 1.09 6.53 71.7 0.08 15 18.4 39.2 4.54 4.71 —

 N obs. 14 14 14 1 1 1 1 14 14 14 13 14 3 14 3 3 3 0

 

M796.7M Mean 0.2 1.38 0.13 7 6 7 4 3.13 13.1 97 604 8 43 10 — — — —

 Median 0.2 0.93 0.03 7 6 7 4 2.9 13.4 99 623 8 50 4 — — — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.47 0 4 4 4 2 1.9 10.7 82 435 7.9 21 2 — — — —

 Maximum 0.2 4.7 0.65 10 8 10 5 6 14.6 108 660 8.2 58 69 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 1.19 0.23 4.24 2.83 4.24 2.1 1.31 1.18 7.73 60.9 0.08 19.5 18.3 — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 13 2 2 2 2 14 14 14 13 14 3 14 0 0 0 0

 

M796.9M Mean 0.2 7.99 — — — — — 15.1 9.37 89 592 8.3 55.6 29 44.3 12 18 —

 Median 0.2 8.2 — — — — — 16.5 8.8 94 588 8.4 37 31 57.2 10.9 18.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.4 — — — — — 1 5.5 63 506 7.9 26 6 3.9 2.5 4.28 —

 Maximum 0.2 10.4 — — — — — 26 14.2 111 680 8.7 152 48 67.9 33.4 41.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.73 — — — — — 7.95 2.79 12.7 46.5 0.22 40.1 15.9 23 7.31 10.1 —

 N obs. 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 18 18 18 18 18 17 18 16 16 16 0

 

M796.9N Mean 0.2 4.13 0.24 — — — — 9.09 10.9 90 572 8.1 108 20 43.8 9.8 16.2 —

 Median 0.2 3.4 0.19 — — — — 4.05 11.9 91 580 8.1 52 17 51.4 9.7 17.6 —

 Minimum 0.2 2.4 0.06 — — — — 0.9 5.9 67 420 7.8 20 2 4.4 2.2 5.35 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.9 0.65 — — — — 25.2 14.3 103 690 8.7 280 63 79.9 15.5 39.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.52 0.18 — — — — 8.58 2.6 7.97 77.7 0.25 89 18.4 24.3 4.31 9.21 —

 N obs. 32 32 14 0 0 0 0 32 32 32 31 32 30 32 16 16 16 0

 

VM00.1M Mean 0.2 3.96 0.19 100 11 73 4 8.51 10.5 85 597 8.1 91.8 16 26.8 8 — —

 Median 0.2 3.55 0.07 100 9 100 3 4.05 10.6 82 604 8.1 67 11 25.7 8 — —

 Minimum 0.2 2.53 0.02 100 1 0 0 0 4.8 57 431 7.8 26 2 3.2 2.2 — —

 Maximum 0.2 6.5 0.9 100 21 100 15 24.4 17.2 127 690 8.7 280 38 46.8 12.9 — —

 Std. dev. 0 1.21 0.28 0 6.58 42.7 4.6 8.86 3.59 19.6 56.7 0.24 68.8 12.8 13.1 3.24 — —

 N obs. 32 32 14 9 9 9 9 32 32 32 31 32 27 32 16 16 0 0

 
E-9

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

WW01.3M Mean 0.2 — — 100 20 0 0 11.1 9.89 89 574 8.2 — 42 68.2 9.8 — —

 Median 0.2 — — 100 20 0 0 13 9.65 90 571 8.2 — 18 37.7 4.8 — —

 Minimum 0.2 — — 100 20 0 0 0.1 7.1 73 420 8 — 4 7.7 2 — —

 Maximum 0.2 — — 100 20 0 0 17.9 12.3 95 671 8.4 — 380 411 59.1 — —

 Std. dev. 0 — — — — — — 5.32 1.58 6.25 53 0.1 — 86.2 99.2 13.9 — —

 N obs. 18 0 0 1 1 1 1 18 18 18 18 18 0 18 16 16 0 0

 

ZM00.1M Mean 0.2 1.59 — — — — — 13.5 9.98 94 573 8.3 53.9 62 113 17.9 — —

 Median 0.2 1.4 — — — — — 16 9.7 96 573 8.4 38 23 48.8 8.4 — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.8 — — — — — 2 7.2 78 438 8 9 6 7.7 2.1 — —

 Maximum 0.2 2.5 — — — — — 21.8 13.2 101 700 8.5 152 470 757 87 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.55 — — — — — 6.35 1.91 6.36 69.7 0.15 40.2 111 187 23.3 — —

 N obs. 17 17 0 0 0 0 0 17 17 17 17 17 15 17 15 15 0 0

 

 

1993 Middepth measurements: 

 

M757.4O Mean 0.83 1.44 0 — — — — 0.71 9.62 67 624 7.7 — 5 — — — —

 Median 0.8 1.4 0 — — — — 0.65 10.3 70 624 7.7 — 5 — — — —

 Minimum 0.6 1.18 0 — — — — 0 5.2 37 577 7.7 — 3 — — — —

 Maximum 1.2 1.72 0 — — — — 1.9 13 91 670 7.7 — 7 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.17 0.16 — — — — — 0.62 2.71 18.4 65.8 0.01 — 2.83 — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 1 — — — — 12 12 12 2 2 — 2 0 0 0 0

 

M758.6Y Mean 1.07 1.59 0.02 — — — — 0.14 12.1 83 506 7.8 — 5 — — — —

 Median 1.1 1.62 0.02 — — — — 0 12 82 506 7.8 — 5 — — — —

 Minimum 0.9 1.24 0.02 — — — — 0 10.8 74 452 7.7 — 3 — — — —

 Maximum 1.2 1.74 0.02 — — — — 1.2 13.7 94 560 7.9 — 6 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.09 0.13 — — — — — 0.38 0.98 6.85 76.4 0.09 — 2.12 — — — —

 N obs. 10 10 1 — — — — 10 10 10 2 2 — 2 0 0 0 0

 

M766.0B Mean 5.55 11.6 — — — — — 1.53 12.6 90 — — — — — — — —

 Median 5.5 11.4 — — — — — 1 12.5 89 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 5.2 11 — — — — — 0.1 10.1 76 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 6.8 13.7 — — — — — 5.9 16.6 115 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.41 0.69 — — — — — 1.56 1.75 10.5 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 0 — — — — 12 12 12 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
E-10

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Middepth measurements: 

M766.0I Mean 2.98 6.32 — — — — — 6.46 11.8 93 — — — — — — — —

 Median 2.5 5.46 — — — — — 0.7 12.2 92 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.3 5.26 — — — — — 0 7.2 78 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.1 8.3 — — — — — 20 17 116 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.71 1.19 — — — — — 8.08 2.91 11.6 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 19 19 0 — — — — 19 19 19 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M766.0O Mean 1.3 1.95 — — — — — 1.3 13 92 694 8.1 — 2 — — — —

 Median 1.3 1.96 — — — — — 1.15 13.2 91 694 8.1 — 2 — — — —

 Minimum 1.2 1.91 — — — — — 0.1 10.2 76 694 8.1 — 2 — — — —

 Maximum 1.4 1.97 — — — — — 2.9 15.9 115 694 8.1 — 2 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.07 0.02 — — — — — 0.79 1.81 12.8 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 10 10 0 — — — — 10 10 10 1 1 — 1 0 0 0 0

 

M771.2P Mean 4.67 9.56 — — — — — 16.5 8.77 90 — — — — — — — —

 Median 4.7 9.6 — — — — — 16.7 8.2 86 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 4.3 9.4 — — — — — 11.2 7.1 75 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.8 9.7 — — — — — 20.2 11.1 114 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.17 0.13 — — — — — 2.77 1.56 13.3 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 7 7 0 — — — — 7 7 7 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 4.39 9.12 — — — — — 6.56 11.4 90 — — — — — — — —

 Median 4 8.57 — — — — — 1.6 11.8 88 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 3.7 8.16 — — — — — 0 7.4 78 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 5.4 10.7 — — — — — 20.2 17.3 118 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.61 0.96 — — — — — 7.42 2.49 10.2 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 21 21 0 — — — — 21 21 21 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M781.2E Mean 3.58 7.41 — — — — — 1.72 12.8 92 — — — — — — — —

 Median 3.4 7.1 — — — — — 1.25 13.1 91 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.9 6.47 — — — — — 0 9.9 78 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.8 9.5 — — — — — 5.9 14.9 103 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.57 0.98 — — — — — 1.94 1.55 7.9 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 0 — — — — 12 12 12 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M781.2O Mean 2.75 5.84 — — — — — 6.2 12 94 — — — — — — — —

 Median 2.3 5.06 — — — — — 1.1 12.1 94 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.1 4.95 — — — — — 0 7.5 79 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.7 7.5 — — — — — 20.1 16.6 113 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.65 1.01 — — — — — 7.63 2.8 10.1 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 21 21 0 — — — — 21 21 21 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
E-11

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Middepth measurements: 

M781.2X Mean 1.16 1.81 — — — — — 0.56 13.9 96 649 8 — 3 — — — —

 Median 1.15 1.81 — — — — — 0.3 14.4 100 649 8 — 3 — — — —

 Minimum 1 1.74 — — — — — 0 11.9 81 640 7.9 — 2 — — — —

 Maximum 1.4 1.88 — — — — — 2 15.5 109 658 8.1 — 3 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.12 0.05 — — — — — 0.61 1.36 9.57 12.7 0.19 — 0.71 — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 0 — — — — 12 12 12 2 2 — 2 0 0 0 0

 

M786.1S Mean 0.4 0.92 — — — — — 0.54 14.6 101 687 — — — — — — —

 Median 0.4 0.91 — — — — — 0.2 14.7 103 687 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.3 0.82 — — — — — 0 13 89 687 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 0.5 0.97 — — — — — 2.1 15.9 115 687 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.08 0.05 — — — — — 0.78 0.98 8.31 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 7 7 0 — — — — 7 7 7 1 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1993 Near-bottom measurements: 

 

M753.1X Mean 1.65 1.85 — — — — — 13.5 9.74 89 — — — — — — — —

 Median 1.65 1.85 — — — — — 15 9.45 92 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.3 1.5 — — — — — 0.1 6.1 72 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.1 2.3 — — — — — 25 15.1 104 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.23 0.23 — — — — — 8.88 2.82 8.98 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 0 — — — — 14 14 14 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M753.2S Mean 2.86 3.35 0 — — — — 0.97 12.7 89 602 7.9 — 2 — — — —

 Median 2.7 3.27 0 — — — — 0.05 12.6 87 602 7.9 — 2 — — — —

 Minimum 2.5 3.16 0 — — — — 0 10.8 79 503 7.9 — 2 — — — —

 Maximum 3.6 3.8 0 — — — — 5 14.6 108 700 8 — 2 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.37 0.21 — — — — — 1.6 1.24 8.63 139 0.11 — 0 — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 1 — — — — 14 14 14 2 2 — 2 0 0 0 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 3.59 3.79 — — — — — 12.6 9.69 87 — — — — — — — —

 Median 3.6 3.8 — — — — — 13.5 8.55 83 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 3.2 3.4 — — — — — 0.2 5.4 63 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.2 4.4 — — — — — 24.1 15.3 120 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.28 0.28 — — — — — 8.67 3.24 14.3 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 0 — — — — 14 14 14 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
E-12

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-bottom measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 6.86 7.06 — — — — — 14.5 8.92 84 566 8.3 — 13 11.4 4.4 — —

 Median 6.8 7 — — — — — 16.7 8.45 83 561 8.3 — 12 11.1 4.4 — —

 Minimum 4.6 4.8 — — — — — 0.2 4.5 54 479 7.9 — 5 2.2 1.2 — —

 Maximum 8.6 8.8 — — — — — 24.4 13.7 134 666 8.8 — 27 23.1 8.1 — —

 Std. dev. 1.1 1.1 — — — — — 8 2.89 17.4 53.3 0.25 — 6.39 5.58 1.81 — —

 N obs. 18 18 0 — — — — 18 18 18 18 18 — 17 14 14 0 0

 

M766.0B Mean 11.1 11.6 — — — — — 2.12 10.8 78 750 8 — 2 — — — —

 Median 10.9 11.4 — — — — — 1.9 11.2 83 750 8 — 2 — — — —

 Minimum 10.5 11 — — — — — 1 7.2 52 750 8 — 2 — — — —

 Maximum 13.5 13.7 — — — — — 5.9 12.8 92 750 8 — 2 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.79 0.69 — — — — — 1.31 1.71 12.2 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 0 — — — — 12 12 12 1 1 — 1 0 0 0 0

 

M766.0I Mean 6.49 6.82 — — — — — 11.7 9.51 83 594 8.1 — 13 16.9 6.3 16.3 —

 Median 6.8 7 — — — — — 14.5 9.7 81 580 8.1 — 11 16.2 6.1 16.3 —

 Minimum 4.6 5.26 — — — — — 0 4.4 53 461 7.9 — 1 2.3 2.6 16.3 —

 Maximum 8.9 9.1 — — — — — 24.1 16.4 130 783 8.6 — 35 31.6 9.6 16.3 —

 Std. dev. 1.36 1.18 — — — — — 9.18 3.22 15.4 82.3 0.21 — 10.3 8.23 1.81 — —

 N obs. 36 36 0 — — — — 36 36 36 36 35 — 36 14 13 1 0

 

M771.2P Mean 9.2 9.4 — — — — — 16.2 7.92 77 558 8.2 — 28 26.1 7.9 — —

 Median 9.2 9.4 — — — — — 17.6 7.5 80 558 8.2 — 25 22.9 7.1 — —

 Minimum 7.9 8.1 — — — — — 0.5 0.8 9 426 7.6 — 5 1.8 2.7 — —

 Maximum 11.1 11.3 — — — — — 24 14.3 100 709 8.6 — 67 75.3 16.9 — —

 Std. dev. 0.87 0.87 — — — — — 7.19 2.89 18 60.8 0.24 — 16.2 19.4 3.74 — —

 N obs. 26 26 0 — — — — 26 26 26 26 25 — 26 16 15 0 0

 

M775.6L Mean 2.97 3.51 — — — — — 1.62 12.4 89 597 8 — 2 — — — —

 Median 2.4 2.96 — — — — — 1 12.8 90 597 8 — 2 — — — —

 Minimum 2.1 2.77 — — — — — 0 10.1 70 597 8 — 2 — — — —

 Maximum 6.1 6.3 — — — — — 6 14.9 102 597 8 — 2 — — — —

 Std. dev. 1.29 1.14 — — — — — 1.82 1.49 8.46 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 0 — — — — 13 13 13 1 1 — 1 0 0 0 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 9.04 9.37 — — — — — 11.3 9.53 83 586 8.1 — 21 27.9 8.3 — —

 Median 8.9 9.28 — — — — — 11.1 9.95 81 577 8.1 — 23 29.6 8.8 — —

 Minimum 7.5 8.16 — — — — — 0.5 5.3 60 440 7.6 — 3 4.4 2.6 — —

 Maximum 11.3 11.5 — — — — — 24.6 15.6 109 825 8.7 — 43 45.8 12.1 — —

 Std. dev. 1.15 1.01 — — — — — 9.05 2.8 12.4 83 0.24 — 15.1 12.5 2.63 — —

 N obs. 40 40 0 — — — — 40 40 40 40 39 — 40 16 16 0 0

 
E-13

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-bottom measurements: 

M775.6Y Mean 4.09 4.64 — — — — — 2.06 11.8 85 657 8 — 3 — — — —

 Median 4.05 4.67 — — — — — 1.95 11.1 81 657 8 — 3 — — — —

 Minimum 2.4 2.96 — — — — — 0.1 9 65 638 7.9 — 3 — — — —

 Maximum 6.3 6.5 — — — — — 5.9 21 148 675 8.1 — 3 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.88 0.76 — — — — — 1.69 3.01 20.2 26.2 0.16 — 0 — — — —

 N obs. 14 14 0 — — — — 14 14 14 2 2 — 2 0 0 0 0

 

M781.2E Mean 6.99 7.41 — — — — — 1.88 12.7 91 656 8.1 — 3 — — — —

 Median 6.65 7.1 — — — — — 1.6 12.9 90 656 8.1 — 3 — — — —

 Minimum 5.9 6.47 — — — — — 0 9.9 78 639 8 — 3 — — — —

 Maximum 9.3 9.5 — — — — — 5.9 14.8 104 673 8.1 — 3 — — — —

 Std. dev. 1.08 0.98 — — — — — 1.89 1.52 7.96 24 0.1 — 0 — — — —

 N obs. 12 12 0 — — — — 12 12 12 2 2 — 2 0 0 0 0

 

M781.2O Mean 5.82 6.15 — — — — — 11.3 9.43 82 581 8.1 — 25 39.6 10.1 — —

 Median 5.9 6.1 — — — — — 11.3 9.15 82 581 8.1 — 28 40.4 9.9 — —

 Minimum 4.2 4.95 — — — — — 0.1 4.5 46 418 7.8 — 3 4.5 3 — —

 Maximum 8.1 8.3 — — — — — 24.8 14.6 107 771 8.7 — 55 74.2 17.6 — —

 Std. dev. 1.2 1.04 — — — — — 8.96 3.04 14.1 82.9 0.22 — 17.7 19.5 3.82 — —

 N obs. 40 40 0 — — — — 40 40 40 40 39 — 40 16 16 0 0

 

M787.9H Mean 0.95 1.18 0.05 — — — — 2.65 13.7 101 630 — — — — — — —

 Median 0.6 0.86 0.05 — — — — 2.75 14.2 102 630 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.68 0.05 — — — — 0.1 10.9 84 630 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.7 2.9 0.05 — — — — 5.4 14.9 111 630 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.77 0.76 — — — — — 1.95 1.3 9.31 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 8 8 1 — — — — 8 8 8 1 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

VM00.1M Mean 2.65 2.94 0.05 — — — — 0.72 12.9 90 624 8 — 4 — — — —

 Median 2.5 2.81 0.05 — — — — 0.2 12.4 85 624 8 — 4 — — — —

 Minimum 2 2.53 0.04 — — — — 0 9 62 618 7.9 — 3 — — — —

 Maximum 4 4.15 0.05 — — — — 3 17.3 122 630 8.1 — 4 — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.5 0.44 0.01 — — — — 1.09 2.59 19.6 8.49 0.08 — 0.71 — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 2 — — — — 13 13 13 2 2 — 2 0 0 0 0

 
E-14

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

CH00.1M Mean 0.2 1.87 — — — — — 12.3 10.2 94 152 8 93.6 26 42.9 7.5 16.2 —

 Median 0.2 1.74 — — — — — 13.2 9.9 92 152 7.9 93 9 11.9 4.4 15.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.6 — — — — — 0 7.3 73 95 7.2 8 4 0.3 0.2 1.87 —

 Maximum 0.2 5 — — — — — 25.6 13.1 117 217 8.9 227 300 477 57.4 36.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.9 — — — — — 9.32 1.73 10.6 30.1 0.47 46.9 61.9 104 12 12.3 —

 N obs. 23 23 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 21 23 22 22 23 0

 

CN00.1M Mean 0.2 1.78 — 95 22 95 7 11.3 10.6 93 595 8.3 55.4 29 55.6 10 — —

 Median 0.2 1.7 — 95 22 95 7 13.2 11.2 93 573 8.2 50 20 33.3 7.7 — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.8 — 90 9 90 4 0 7 80 427 8 11 4 5.6 1.3 — —

 Maximum 0.2 3.3 — 100 35 100 10 23.9 14.1 122 783 9 105 220 356 53 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.65 — 7.07 18.4 7.07 4.2 8.89 2.46 9.61 89.4 0.24 24.1 44.2 76.7 11.1 — —

 N obs. 24 23 0 2 2 2 2 24 24 24 24 24 19 24 23 23 0 0

 

M738.2F Mean 0.2 — — — — — — 12.6 10.5 95 490 8.3 — 14 15.8 5.6 23.7 —

 Median 0.2 — — — — — — 14.5 10.1 94 475 8.3 — 15 15.7 5.6 21.2 —

 Minimum 0.2 — — — — — — 0.1 6.3 73 425 7.8 — 3 1.2 1.2 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 — — — — — — 25.8 14.2 118 640 8.9 — 32 34 10.6 82.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 — — — — — — 9.28 2.56 10.3 51.5 0.27 — 7.7 9.35 2.74 19.9 —

 N obs. 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 0 24 23 23 24 0

 

M742.6B Mean 0.2 1.38 0.83 — — — — 12.4 11.3 104 500 8.5 37.9 28 32.2 11.8 39.6 —

 Median 0.2 1.4 0.73 — — — — 14.2 11 101 490 8.4 37 30 34.9 10.2 36 —

 Minimum 0.2 1 0.37 — — — — 0.2 5.8 68 392 8 15 3 2.2 1.7 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2 1.7 — — — — 26.3 17 146 642 9.1 70 82 75.9 62.3 110 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.28 0.35 — — — — 9.27 2.73 22.6 54 0.34 12.1 19.5 21.7 12.4 32.9 —

 N obs. 24 21 21 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 18 24 23 23 24 0

 

M742.8D Mean 0.2 1.92 1.01 — — — — 12.4 10.9 100 495 8.4 55.7 22 25.3 7.8 32.6 —

 Median 0.2 1.9 0.96 — — — — 14.2 10.6 97 482 8.4 44 24 27.2 7.6 21.3 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.6 0.47 — — — — 0 6 65 393 7.9 28 3 2 1.6 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.6 1.98 — — — — 26 16.3 138 624 9.1 146 56 63.5 19.9 134 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.23 0.41 — — — — 9.45 2.52 20.2 51.5 0.3 30.9 14.6 18.6 5.31 30.7 —

 N obs. 24 21 21 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 20 24 23 23 24 0

 

M745.2L Mean 0.2 1.9 0.48 100 16 100 9 12.6 10.4 95 493 8.3 80.3 14 16.7 5.2 18.8 —

 Median 0.2 1.95 0.51 100 14 100 5 13.7 10.7 94 485 8.2 67 14 17 4.8 19.9 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.34 0.13 100 9 100 5 0 5.8 68 420 7.9 34 3 2.4 1.5 1.6 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.4 0.74 100 25 100 16 25.3 14.4 121 618 8.8 180 41 47.3 13.7 65.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.26 0.16 0 8.19 0 6.4 9.47 2.6 13.9 46.5 0.23 34.3 7.98 11 2.92 14.4 —

 N obs. 24 24 24 3 3 3 3 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 23 23 24 0

 
E-15

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

M746.9Y Mean 0.2 3.55 — 30 10 30 1 12.8 10.2 93 419 8.2 95.3 12 12.6 4.4 16.2 —

 Median 0.2 3.4 — 30 10 30 1 13.9 10.1 94 411 8.2 71 13 12.5 4.7 13.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.8 — 30 10 30 1 0.2 6.2 75 307 7.9 41 3 1.4 0.6 1.87 —

 Maximum 0.2 6.2 — 30 10 30 1 25.2 14.3 115 543 8.8 260 32 37.8 8.9 54.6 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.93 — — — — — 9.4 2.5 10.8 63.7 0.24 57.1 5.92 8.04 2.31 11.8 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 1 1 1 1 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 22 22 23 0

 

M747.3R Mean 0.2 1.49 0.85 100 9 100 3 12.4 10.2 92 498 8.2 71.4 15 18.9 5.1 16.3 —

 Median 0.2 1.5 0.82 100 9 100 3 13.3 10.8 94 491 8.2 70.5 15 18.3 5.4 12.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.9 0.23 100 9 100 3 0 5.8 68 430 7.9 27 3 2.1 -0.1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.3 1.73 100 9 100 3 25 13.9 112 619 8.7 120 52 63.8 16.8 65.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.27 0.33 0 0 0 — 9.4 2.55 11.9 43.6 0.2 20 9.84 14 3.52 15.2 —

 N obs. 24 23 23 2 2 2 1 24 24 24 24 24 20 24 22 22 23 0

 

M752.8Y Mean 0.2 5.9 — — — — — 12.5 10.3 93 504 8.3 88.5 12 12 4.7 17.5 —

 Median 0.2 5.8 — — — — — 13.9 10.5 91 501 8.2 69 13 13.6 4.6 14.4 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.7 — — — — — 0 5.8 68 425 7.9 58 3 0.1 1.2 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 8.8 — — — — — 24.8 14.7 125 614 8.9 253 23 24.2 8.9 63.6 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.37 — — — — — 9.33 2.74 15.3 41.3 0.24 48.5 5.53 6.08 2.3 15.1 —

 N obs. 24 22 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 22 24 23 23 24 0

 

M752.8Z Mean 0.2 2.64 — — — — — 12.3 10.1 91 377 8.2 101 15 16.6 5.5 19.1 —

 Median 0.2 2.55 — — — — — 13.8 10.4 92 372 8.1 66 13 15.5 5.7 17 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.8 — — — — — 0 6 71 213 7.7 31 4 1.9 1.4 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.1 — — — — — 25 14.2 120 544 8.8 746 43 50.1 11.4 51.5 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.62 — — — — — 9.4 2.51 12.7 87.6 0.27 150 9.17 11.1 2.92 13.7 —

 N obs. 24 22 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 21 24 23 23 24 0

 

M753.1X Mean 0.2 1.83 0.24 100 25 96 7 12.4 10.8 99 515 8.3 85.2 10 12 4.4 18.6 —

 Median 0.2 1.88 0.22 100 27 100 6 12.8 11.1 95 509 8.3 74.5 12 13.1 4.5 18.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.3 0.05 100 7 80 1 0 6.3 74 423 7.9 54 2 1.5 0.9 1.07 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.1 0.5 100 42 100 14 27 13.8 165 630 9 187 17 39.6 7.4 64.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.2 0.13 0 12.8 8.94 4.8 9.81 2.24 21.1 47.9 0.3 33.4 4.68 8.54 2.12 15.5 —

 N obs. 24 24 22 5 5 5 5 24 24 24 24 24 22 24 23 23 24 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 0.2 3.64 0.13 97.1 25 84 8 11.8 10.5 96 349 8.2 79.3 16 18.4 6 22.8 —

 Median 0.2 3.5 0.1 100 22 100 9 11.2 10.2 94 352 8.1 72 13 14.3 4.9 20.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 3 0.03 80 1 0 0 0.1 5.8 64 150 7.5 30 4 1.5 1.4 1.07 —

 Maximum 0.2 5 0.41 100 47 100 16 27.5 14.3 181 510 9 160 45 52.8 18.5 55.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.46 0.09 7.56 15.4 37.4 5 10.2 2.14 23.7 86.2 0.38 36.1 11.2 14.7 4.4 17.1 —

 N obs. 25 25 23 7 7 7 7 25 25 25 24 24 25 24 24 24 24 0

 
E-16

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 0.2 5.86 — — — — — 13.1 10.1 93 524 8.3 105 10 11.4 3.6 15.8 —

 Median 0.2 5.8 — — — — — 14 10.4 92 517 8.3 85.5 11 8.9 4 11.2 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.4 — — — — — 0.2 6.4 75 425 7.9 56 3 0.9 0.4 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.3 — — — — — 27.1 15.2 170 661 8.9 340 14 88.6 6.1 54.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.83 — — — — — 9.49 2.63 19 57.3 0.26 60.3 3.49 17.2 1.54 13 —

 N obs. 23 23 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 23 0

 

M766.0I Mean 0.2 6.41 — 100 40 83 10 15.2 9.88 95 534 8.3 102 10 9.1 4 18.7 —

 Median 0.2 6.45 — 100 43 100 11 20.8 10 93 526 8.3 87.5 10 9.5 4.1 16.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 5.5 — 100 17 0 5 0.1 6.1 68 431 7.9 60 2 0.7 1 1.6 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.7 — 100 55 100 13 27.2 16 168 746 8.8 235 20 30.8 8 54.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.61 — 0 14.3 40.8 3.3 9.72 2.82 22.9 64.2 0.24 45.6 4.35 6.41 2.01 15.1 —

 N obs. 32 32 0 6 6 6 5 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 24 24 24 0

 

M771.2P Mean 0.2 8.42 — 100 37 83 10 15.2 9.41 90 538 8.3 86.7 13 12.1 4.4 17.8 —

 Median 0.2 8.35 — 100 39 100 10 21.1 8.95 87 532 8.2 69 14 12 4.7 14 —

 Minimum 0.2 7.8 — 100 15 0 5 0.1 5.8 68 451 7.9 48 2 1.2 1.2 1.07 —

 Maximum 0.2 9.8 — 100 50 100 13 27.6 14.6 171 687 8.8 230 25 34.6 8.3 49.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.49 — 0 13.3 40.8 3.1 9.8 2.82 19.2 59.6 0.21 46.1 5.79 8.06 2.11 13.4 —

 N obs. 32 32 0 6 6 6 5 32 32 32 32 32 31 32 24 24 24 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 0.2 8.68 — 100 34 83 9 15.3 9.68 93 534 8.3 69 20 16.1 5.9 23.5 —

 Median 0.2 8.6 — 100 38 100 10 20.4 9 88 526 8.2 53 20 16.3 6 19.4 —

 Minimum 0.2 8.1 — 100 12 0 5 0.1 5.9 69 420 7.9 22 3 1.4 1.5 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 10.1 — 100 50 100 13 27.2 14.4 143 679 8.8 220 39 30 12.1 94.2 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.47 — 0 15.6 40.8 3.5 9.83 2.63 16.8 59.7 0.24 44.7 9.83 9.31 3.08 22.7 —

 N obs. 32 32 0 6 6 6 5 32 32 32 32 32 32 31 24 24 24 0

 

M781.2O Mean 0.2 5.67 — 100 40 82 10 15.4 9.93 96 530 8.3 62.6 23 21.5 8 22.1 —

 Median 0.2 5.6 — 100 41 100 10 21.1 9.75 93 520 8.3 45 24 18.9 7.4 21 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.9 — 100 13 0 5 0.1 6.5 75 455 7.9 22 2 1.9 1.2 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 7 — 100 55 100 17 29.8 15 128 705 8.8 219 50 48.5 29.6 53 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.52 — 0 15.3 40.2 4.8 10 2.51 15.6 54.9 0.22 45.6 13.2 14.9 6.16 15.9 —

 N obs. 32 32 0 6 6 6 5 32 32 32 32 32 32 31 22 22 23 0

 

M786.2C Mean 0.2 5.48 — — — — — 12.6 10.2 92 535 8.2 76.5 30 40.6 9.2 24.4 —

 Median 0.2 5.2 — — — — — 12.9 10.4 91 521 8.2 42 32 42.7 10 24.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.3 — — — — — 0.8 6.6 80 428 7.9 26 3 1.5 1.3 1.07 —

 Maximum 0.2 6.8 — — — — — 25.3 14.3 110 660 8.8 255 68 80.9 17.5 56.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.68 — — — — — 9.41 2.5 7.62 55.4 0.21 72.9 18.9 26.9 5.45 17.2 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 0

 
E-17

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

M786.5D Mean 0.2 2.72 — — — — — 13.6 10.2 94 510 8.3 52.8 32 43.1 9.9 27.5 —

 Median 0.2 2.7 — — — — — 14 9.7 92 502 8.2 40 35 43 10.4 29.9 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.9 — — — — — 0.6 6.9 81 431 7.9 22 3 1.4 1.8 1.07 —

 Maximum 0.2 4 — — — — — 25.7 14.6 111 630 8.7 176 71 86.3 17.4 48.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.51 — — — — — 9.17 2.48 8.25 52.4 0.19 38.2 18.6 25.1 4.96 14.9 —

 N obs. 22 22 0 0 0 0 0 22 22 22 22 22 21 22 22 22 22 0

 

M796.9M Mean 0.2 8.53 — — — — — 13.1 10.2 93 545 8.2 72.1 32 44.1 10.1 24.1 —

 Median 0.2 7.6 — — — — — 13.2 10.8 91 537 8.2 34.5 37 53.6 11.3 22.4 —

 Minimum 0.2 6.1 — — — — — 1.1 6.5 81 458 7.9 21 3 1.1 1.5 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 15.8 — — — — — 25.8 14 112 670 8.8 268 75 92.7 20.9 52.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 2.53 — — — — — 9.4 2.45 8.6 56.4 0.23 75.1 20.9 28.7 5.84 17.7 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 0

 

M796.9N Mean 0.2 4.5 — — — — — 12.4 10.3 92 511 8.2 60.8 30 41.8 11.3 23.3 —

 Median 0.2 4 — — — — — 12.2 10.5 92 502 8.2 38 35 53 10.8 25.3 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.9 — — — — — 0.9 6.8 83 382 7.9 21 3 2 1.4 1.07 —

 Maximum 0.2 8.4 — — — — — 25.1 13.9 113 668 8.7 267 76 88.9 48.6 51.1 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.58 — — — — — 9.39 2.43 7.7 69.1 0.21 58.8 20.2 28.1 9.88 14.9 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 22 24 24 24 24 0

 

VM00.1M Mean 0.2 3.59 — 100 12 100 4 12.1 9.37 84 581 8.2 65.8 26 30.8 8.4 — —

 Median 0.2 3.5 — 100 11 100 3 13.6 8.55 84 575 8.2 47 21 39.7 9.8 — —

 Minimum 0.2 2.7 — 100 5 100 1 0.2 4.8 56 451 7.7 19 4 1.8 1.5 — —

 Maximum 0.2 5.2 — 100 20 100 9 25.3 16.1 135 711 9 180 74 65.1 20.7 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.64 — 0 5.41 0 3.2 9.51 2.72 18.5 56.7 0.3 51.2 17.6 20.3 5.3 — —

 N obs. 24 24 0 5 5 5 5 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 23 23 0 0

 

WW01.3M Mean 0.2 — — 100 32 100 7 10.5 10.5 92 559 8.2 — 38 32.7 5.6 — —

 Median 0.2 — — 100 34 100 5 10.9 10.3 93 561 8.3 — 10 15 3.1 — —

 Minimum 0.2 — — 100 26 100 5 0 7.8 82 375 7.9 — 4 5.9 0.1 — —

 Maximum 0.2 — — 100 36 100 12 21.2 13.1 102 636 8.4 — 520 262 44.4 — —

 Std. dev. 0 — — 0 5.29 0 4 6.86 1.77 4.9 51.6 0.13 — 106 53.8 8.99 — —

 N obs. 24 0 0 3 3 3 3 24 24 24 24 24 0 24 23 23 0 0

 

ZM00.1M Mean 0.2 1.45 — 90 18 90 4 13.3 10.4 97 565 8.3 57.1 46 74.9 12.6 — —

 Median 0.2 1.36 — 90 18 90 4 15.6 10.2 97 570 8.3 59 15 28.4 5.2 — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.8 — 90 18 90 4 0 6.9 83 354 8.1 5 4 8.8 1.7 — —

 Maximum 0.2 2.3 — 90 18 90 4 25.8 13.5 121 716 8.5 99 480 630 113 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.44 — — — — — 8.4 1.83 9.78 67.2 0.14 28.1 99.3 134 23.7 — —

 N obs. 22 22 0 1 1 1 1 22 22 22 22 22 19 22 21 21 0 0

 
E-18

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-bottom measurements: 

M753.1X Mean 1.63 1.84 — — — — — 12 10.7 97 494 8.2 — — — — — —

 Median 1.7 1.9 — — — — — 12 10.9 94 497 8.2 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.1 1.3 — — — — — 0 6.3 74 464 8 — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.9 2.1 — — — — — 26.6 13.7 160 514 8.4 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.2 0.2 — — — — — 9.76 2.26 19.3 16.6 0.12 — — — — — —

 N obs. 23 23 0 — — — — 23 23 23 7 7 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 3.46 3.66 — — — — — 12.1 9.75 88 314 8 — — — — — —

 Median 3.3 3.5 — — — — — 13 9.9 90 313 8 — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.8 3 — — — — — 0 5.8 66 147 7.2 — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.8 5 — — — — — 25 13.8 104 428 8.3 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.48 0.48 — — — — — 9.31 2.19 11.1 90.3 0.37 — — — — — —

 N obs. 23 23 0 — — — — 23 23 23 7 7 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M764.3A Mean 5.66 5.86 — — — — — 13 9.44 85 525 8.2 — 11 9.6 3.9 — —

 Median 5.6 5.8 — — — — — 13.7 10.3 85 517 8.2 — 11 10.6 4.4 — —

 Minimum 4.2 4.4 — — — — — 0.5 5 56 424 7.9 — 3 1.6 1.3 — —

 Maximum 7.1 7.3 — — — — — 25.2 14.8 104 663 8.8 — 18 16.7 7.8 — —

 Std. dev. 0.83 0.83 — — — — — 9.15 2.84 11.9 57.4 0.23 — 4.06 4.36 1.61 — —

 N obs. 23 23 0 — — — — 23 23 23 23 23 — 23 22 22 0 0

 

M766.0I Mean 6.21 6.41 — — — — — 14.8 8.61 81 535 8.2 — 15 15 4.9 — —

 Median 6.25 6.45 — — — — — 20 7.15 81 524 8.2 — 16 14.8 5.3 — —

 Minimum 5.3 5.5 — — — — — 0.5 4.5 51 428 7.9 — 2 0.8 -0.1 — —

 Maximum 7.5 7.7 — — — — — 25.1 13.7 102 685 8.8 — 33 37.3 9.3 — —

 Std. dev. 0.61 0.61 — — — — — 8.99 2.88 12.4 58.1 0.19 — 7.48 10.6 2.68 — —

 N obs. 32 32 0 — — — — 32 32 32 32 32 — 32 23 23 0 0

 

M771.2P Mean 8.23 8.42 — — — — — 14.7 7.89 73 539 8.2 — 21 19.2 5.9 — —

 Median 8.15 8.35 — — — — — 19.3 6.55 73 537 8.1 — 20 18.1 5.4 — —

 Minimum 7.6 7.8 — — — — — 0.8 0.2 2 451 7.8 — 3 2 1.3 — —

 Maximum 9.6 9.8 — — — — — 24.2 13.5 105 699 8.7 — 49 54.8 14.5 — —

 Std. dev. 0.48 0.49 — — — — — 8.95 3.55 22.3 57.8 0.19 — 11.8 14.6 3.48 — —

 N obs. 32 32 0 — — — — 32 32 32 32 32 — 32 23 23 0 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 8.48 8.68 — — — — — 14.8 8.25 76 535 8.2 — 32 33 8.9 — —

 Median 8.4 8.6 — — — — — 19 6.55 76 529 8.1 — 34 24.2 7.8 — —

 Minimum 7.9 8.1 — — — — — 0.8 0.5 6 420 7.9 — 3 2.3 0.4 — —

 Maximum 9.9 10.1 — — — — — 24.9 14.1 111 670 8.8 — 110 152 30 — —

 Std. dev. 0.47 0.47 — — — — — 9.11 3.49 20.8 56.8 0.2 — 22.5 34.2 7.55 — —

 N obs. 32 32 0 — — — — 32 32 32 32 32 — 32 23 23 0 0

 
E-19

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-bottom measurements: 

M781.2O Mean 5.47 5.67 — — — — — 14.9 8.32 77 533 8.2 — 36 37.9 9.1 56.9 —

 Median 5.4 5.6 — — — — — 20.4 7.15 81 527 8.2 — 37 39.3 9.9 56.9 —

 Minimum 4.7 4.9 — — — — — 0.2 2.6 29 457 7.8 — 4 2.7 0.9 56.9 —

 Maximum 6.8 7 — — — — — 25.1 14 109 714 8.6 — 76 91.6 26.8 56.9 —

 Std. dev. 0.52 0.52 — — — — — 9.16 3.3 17.6 50 0.18 — 19 26 6.42 — —

 N obs. 32 32 0 — — — — 32 32 32 31 31 — 30 23 23 1 0

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

 

CH00.1M Mean 0.2 1.98 — 100 37 60 4 11 10.7 95 146 7.7 99.3 9 10.4 4.7 12.6 —

 Median 0.2 2.1 — 100 40 100 1 11.5 10.8 93 140 7.6 100 6 9.1 4.7 7.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.3 — 100 19 0 1 0 8.4 79 112 7.2 64 4 1.6 1.4 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 3.4 — 100 48 100 10 27 13.2 124 188 8.7 141 28 22.7 13.8 61.1 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.8 — 0 11 54.8 5.2 10.2 1.62 10.8 23.1 0.47 24.2 5.85 6.93 2.73 15.1 —

 N obs. 25 25 0 5 5 5 3 25 25 25 25 25 19 25 25 25 25 0

 

CN00.1M Mean 0.2 2.18 — 100 25 80 5 10.6 11 96 606 8.2 71.5 14 29.9 6.5 — —

 Median 0.2 2.2 — 100 25 80 5 10.9 11.5 92 597 8.2 70 11 19 6 — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.66 — 100 25 80 5 -0.1 7 83 494 8 32 5 8.1 2.5 — —

 Maximum 0.2 4.4 — 100 25 80 5 25 15.6 149 692 8.7 125 34 85.2 14.4 — —

 Std. dev. 0 1.01 — — — — — 9.39 2.5 14.6 53 0.16 25.7 8.46 25.4 3.08 — —

 N obs. 25 25 0 1 1 1 1 25 25 25 25 25 21 25 25 25 0 0

 

M738.2F Mean 0.2 — — — — — — 12 11.3 100 486 8.1 — 12 16.5 6 19.9 3.96

 Median 0.2 — — — — — — 12 10.6 98 490 8.1 — 14 16.6 6.2 20.6 3.96

 Minimum 0.2 — — — — — — 0.1 6.4 79 344 7.7 — 4 2.8 2.3 7.84 3.96

 Maximum 0.2 — — — — — — 26.5 16.9 153 581 8.6 — 34 51.6 12 58 3.96

 Std. dev. 0 — — — — — — 10.4 3.16 14.2 68.4 0.22 — 7.07 11.3 2.24 10.7 —

 N obs. 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 0 25 25 24 24 1

 

M742.6B Mean 0.2 1.4 0.85 — — — — 11.8 14.2 135 496 8.4 64.4 19 24.9 8.9 41.3 1.41

 Median 0.2 1.35 0.69 — — — — 12.2 12.7 110 504 8.4 45 19 27.1 9.1 27.8 1.41

 Minimum 0.2 1.1 0.27 — — — — 0.1 8.3 82 365 7.9 21 3 2.2 2.3 3.21 1.41

 Maximum 0.2 1.8 1.76 — — — — 30.8 25 342 572 8.9 150 63 81.1 25.8 147 1.41

 Std. dev. 0 0.22 0.45 — — — — 10.8 4.35 68.7 56.5 0.34 40.4 13.7 19.2 5.5 39.8 —

 N obs. 24 23 22 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 21 24 24 24 24 1

 
E-20

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

M742.8D Mean 0.2 1.97 0.93 — — — — 11.7 13.3 123 496 8.3 69.6 14 18.4 7 29.1 5.04

 Median 0.2 1.9 0.87 — — — — 12.3 12.8 110 501 8.3 53 16 18.4 7.4 23.2 5.04

 Minimum 0.2 1.6 0.32 — — — — 0.1 9.1 88 367 7.9 30 4 2.6 2.7 5.61 5.04

 Maximum 0.2 2.4 1.66 — — — — 30.4 25 340 587 8.8 168 29 42.7 12.8 102 5.04

 Std. dev. 0 0.22 0.47 — — — — 10.7 3.89 52.6 67.4 0.26 39.6 7.86 11.7 2.69 24.5 —

 N obs. 24 23 22 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 21 24 24 24 24 1

 

M745.2L Mean 0.2 2.18 0.61 90 7 55 1 12.4 11.2 100 500 8.1 84 11 14.2 5.8 19 4.45

 Median 0.2 2.1 0.59 90 7 55 1 12.4 10.9 96 503 8.2 65 12 16.1 5.5 16.4 4.45

 Minimum 0.2 1.1 0.24 90 5 20 1 -0.1 6.6 83 348 7.8 45 3 2 2.1 6.42 4.45

 Maximum 0.2 2.9 1.1 90 8 90 1 27.3 17.1 136 599 8.6 190 17 27.9 14 60.5 4.45

 Std. dev. 0 0.46 0.25 0 2.12 49.5 0 10.6 2.87 12.9 73.2 0.21 40.7 4.49 7.32 2.35 11.4 —

 N obs. 24 24 23 2 2 2 2 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 23 24 1

 

M746.9Y Mean 0.2 3.73 — 50 4 0 — 12.3 11 99 408 8.1 92.7 10 12.8 5 18 5.95

 Median 0.2 3.7 — 50 4 0 — 12.2 10.7 95 416 8.1 70 11 14 4.9 17.8 5.95

 Minimum 0.2 2.9 — 50 4 0 — 0.3 6.6 83 279 7.4 53 3 2.4 2.4 6.84 5.95

 Maximum 0.2 4.9 — 50 4 0 — 26.8 16.6 127 583 8.6 196 20 27.9 7.7 42.4 5.95

 Std. dev. 0 0.48 — — — — — 10.3 2.91 10.9 82 0.26 43.7 4.52 6.62 1.46 8.69 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 1 1 1 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 1

 

M747.3R Mean 0.2 1.61 0.99 — — — — 11.5 10.9 95 503 8.1 77.2 11 15.9 4.9 17.2 6.43

 Median 0.2 1.58 0.97 — — — — 11.3 10.8 92 502 8.1 67.5 12 17.5 5 14.6 6.43

 Minimum 0.2 1.2 0.37 — — — — -0.1 6 75 353 7.8 52 3 2.2 2.2 5.7 6.43

 Maximum 0.2 2.2 1.92 — — — — 26.4 16.7 125 597 8.5 151 22 40.5 8 49.9 6.43

 Std. dev. 0 0.26 0.49 — — — — 10.3 2.98 11 71.9 0.19 26 5.34 9.75 1.58 9.42 —

 N obs. 25 25 24 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 20 25 25 25 25 1

 

M752.8Y Mean 0.2 7.65 — — — — — 11.6 11.1 97 514 8.1 100 9 10.5 4.9 16.7 5.92

 Median 0.2 7.85 — — — — — 11.7 11.3 91 518 8.2 73 9 10.7 4.8 13.4 5.92

 Minimum 0.2 5.5 — — — — — -0.1 6.6 83 364 7.6 55 3 2 2.4 7.11 5.92

 Maximum 0.2 9.4 — — — — — 26.7 16.7 141 629 8.6 230 18 23.8 7.5 47.4 5.92

 Std. dev. 0 1.03 — — — — — 10.2 3.14 13.6 79.5 0.23 52.2 3.86 5.7 1.31 9.01 —

 N obs. 24 22 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 23 24 1

 

M752.8Z Mean 0.2 2.86 — — — — — 11.8 10.9 97 352 8 84.4 12 16.3 5.6 17.8 5.13

 Median 0.2 2.8 — — — — — 11.8 11 94 326 8 65 12 18 6 16.8 5.13

 Minimum 0.2 2.1 — — — — — -0.1 6.8 82 217 7.4 39 4 3 2.5 6.24 5.13

 Maximum 0.2 5.5 — — — — — 26.4 16.4 117 569 8.6 181 23 31.2 7.4 38.2 5.13

 Std. dev. 0 0.71 — — — — — 10.3 2.79 10.2 96 0.27 44.5 5.43 8.61 1.5 8.15 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 1

 
E-21

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

M753.1X Mean 0.2 1.92 0.26 100 13 26 2 11.6 11.5 102 517 8.2 77.6 9 11.3 5.1 18 —

 Median 0.2 1.85 0.25 100 15 0 1 12.3 12.3 93 512 8.2 66.5 11 13.5 5.3 14.4 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.5 0.07 100 2 0 1 0 6.2 76 364 7.8 50 3 2.6 2 5.61 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.8 0.58 100 25 100 5 26.8 18.2 163 640 8.8 146 14 18.9 8.8 45.6 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.62 0.15 0 7.83 39.5 2.3 10.3 3.19 20.6 78.6 0.24 28 3.9 5.77 1.63 11.5 —

 N obs. 25 25 24 7 7 7 3 25 25 25 25 25 22 25 25 25 25 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 0.2 3.74 0.16 100 26 49 2 11.6 12.1 110 318 8.1 85.4 10 12 5.6 22.1 —

 Median 0.2 3.7 0.16 100 26 60 2 11.7 11.5 95 342 8 81 10 13.6 5.4 16.4 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.3 0.02 100 11 0 1 0 7.8 79 180 7.4 38 3 3.1 1.9 4.99 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.5 0.34 100 37 100 5 29.2 25 331 483 9 156 25 27.9 11.1 94.1 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.25 0.1 0 8.71 44.1 1.5 10.7 3.75 48.5 96.6 0.38 36.1 5.57 7.03 2.27 21.2 —

 N obs. 25 25 23 7 7 7 5 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 0

 

M764.3A Mean 0.2 5.76 — — — — — 12 11.5 102 536 8.2 108 8 7.8 4.6 16.3 —

 Median 0.2 5.9 — — — — — 12.1 11.4 93 543 8.2 92.5 7 7.7 4.5 12.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.3 — — — — — 0.3 5.9 73 384 7.8 53 3 2.4 1.7 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.9 — — — — — 27 20 175 653 8.8 221 15 15.9 6.8 47.8 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.87 — — — — — 10.1 3.71 25.4 76.2 0.26 47.3 3.31 3.64 1.56 11.6 —

 N obs. 25 24 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 25 0

 

M766.0I Mean 0.2 6.64 — 100 39 46 5 15.1 11.4 111 536 8.3 93.3 8 8.3 5.3 25.8 —

 Median 0.2 6.7 — 100 39 50 3 16.5 10.9 101 561 8.3 82.5 8 7.6 5.3 18.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 5.4 — 100 16 0 1 0.1 6.5 78 372 7.8 48 3 -0.1 -0.1 5.35 —

 Maximum 0.2 8 — 100 54 100 12 27.9 21 271 658 8.9 225 15 16.5 9.4 104 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.69 — 0 13.7 42.4 4.4 10.3 3.83 37.5 78.2 0.29 36.7 3.18 4.3 2.17 21.2 —

 N obs. 36 36 0 7 7 7 5 36 35 35 36 36 36 36 25 24 25 0

 

M771.2P Mean 0.2 8.55 — 100 37 49 4 14.9 10.7 102 535 8.2 82.9 10 10 4.9 21.9 —

 Median 0.2 8.45 — 100 34 50 2 16.8 10.9 95 547 8.2 73 10 8.9 4.9 17.6 —

 Minimum 0.2 7.8 — 100 10 0 1 0.1 6.1 74 377 7.6 40 3 3.6 1.3 5.13 —

 Maximum 0.2 9.5 — 100 54 100 10 28.2 17.7 149 660 8.7 187 20 21.3 7.7 86.8 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.51 — 0 15.5 45.6 3.7 10.3 3.21 21.4 79.8 0.26 35 4.34 4.77 1.54 17.4 —

 N obs. 36 36 0 7 7 7 5 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 25 25 25 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 0.2 8.83 — 100 33 67 4 15.1 10.6 102 539 8.2 71.8 14 13.5 6.2 23.9 —

 Median 0.2 8.7 — 100 32 80 4 16.6 10.6 94 539 8.2 57.5 15 17 6.7 16.2 —

 Minimum 0.2 8 — 100 10 0 1 0 6.1 72 376 7.8 35 2 2.2 2.8 5.99 —

 Maximum 0.2 9.9 — 100 50 100 10 28.7 17.4 183 675 8.9 215 29 23.7 9.5 68.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.58 — 0 15 43.5 3.3 10.3 3.39 26.6 79.7 0.27 42.2 6.27 6.81 1.93 19.1 —

 N obs. 36 36 0 7 7 7 6 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 24 23 25 0

 
E-22

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

M781.2O Mean 0.2 5.83 — 100 34 55 4 15.2 10.7 103 530 8.2 65.1 18 18.2 6.9 20.7 —

 Median 0.2 5.8 — 100 36 65 2 16.4 10.3 97 532 8.2 49.5 16 16.8 7 18.2 —

 Minimum 0.2 5 — 100 5 0 2 0.1 5.2 66 375 7.7 22 3 2.6 2.5 6.36 —

 Maximum 0.2 6.8 — 100 53 100 10 29.9 16 182 666 8.7 181 58 75 16.3 46.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.56 — 0 17.7 42.5 3.5 10.6 3 24.8 73.4 0.25 43.7 11.2 15.1 3.24 10.7 —

 N obs. 36 36 0 6 6 6 5 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 25 25 25 0

 

M786.2C Mean 0.2 6 — 90 2 90 1 12.4 10.7 95 530 8.1 75.9 24 35.9 8.1 19.6 —

 Median 0.2 5.8 — 90 2 90 1 12.4 11.4 93 540 8.1 45.5 24 38.3 8.7 16 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.8 — 90 2 90 1 0.5 6.1 77 373 7.8 25 3 3.3 2 3.74 —

 Maximum 0.2 8.2 — 90 2 90 1 26.5 14.7 127 677 8.6 221 44 66.5 13.4 59.1 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.84 — — — — — 10 2.93 11.9 73.2 0.2 66.8 13.2 21.1 3.47 12.8 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 1 1 1 1 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 0

 

M786.5D Mean 0.2 3 — 70 5 17 0 12.1 10.8 96 506 8.1 70.1 24 34.9 8 22.9 —

 Median 0.2 2.8 — 80 3 0 0 12.3 11.3 93 521 8.1 45 24 37.8 8.7 17.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.96 — 30 2 0 0 0.1 6.6 78 340 7.8 22 2 2.2 2 3.37 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.3 — 100 10 50 1 27.1 15.1 124 656 8.5 232 53 80.7 14.5 116 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.65 — 36.1 4.36 28.9 .58 10.2 2.84 10.7 73.5 0.2 62.2 14.5 22.3 3.6 22.6 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 3 3 3 3 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 0

 

M796.9M Mean 0.2 8.24 — — — — — 12.5 10.9 98 545 8.1 82.9 26 38 8.4 21.2 —

 Median 0.2 7.8 — — — — — 13 12.3 96 554 8.1 39 27 45.1 9.7 17.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 2 — — — — — 0.9 6.4 81 374 7.7 19 3 1.2 2.1 3.37 —

 Maximum 0.2 15.8 — — — — — 27.4 14.9 131 710 8.6 280 54 75.7 13.3 75.8 —

 Std. dev. 0 2.54 — — — — — 10 2.93 12.3 79.6 0.2 82.9 16.3 25.4 3.82 17.5 —

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 24 24 0

 

M796.9N Mean 0.2 6.41 — — — — — 11.8 10.9 96 496 8.1 83.6 23 34.8 7.9 17.5 —

 Median 0.2 5.9 — — — — — 11.9 11 95 514 8.1 49 24 41.6 8.9 15.5 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.7 — — — — — 0.6 6.4 79 328 7.7 21 3 2.1 1.6 2.62 —

 Maximum 0.2 9.8 — — — — — 26.6 15.2 119 664 8.5 271 48 69 14.7 45.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.82 — — — — — 9.9 2.87 9.43 78.3 0.18 77.6 14.3 22.3 3.63 11 —

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 24 24 0

 

VM00.1M Mean 0.2 3.67 — 98.6 10 43 1 11.3 11 96 595 8.1 65.4 20 25 7.7 — —

 Median 0.2 3.5 — 100 12 3 1 11.1 11.5 90 601 8.1 51.5 15 22.5 8 — —

 Minimum 0.2 2.6 — 90 2 0 0 0.1 5.6 62 442 7.7 20 2 1.7 1.2 — —

 Maximum 0.2 5.2 — 100 16 100 1 27.2 17.7 147 689 8.7 236 63 68.6 16.9 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.79 — 3.78 5.19 53.1 0.5 10.3 3.58 22.8 63.6 0.25 51.8 15.2 18.9 4.08 — —

 N obs. 25 25 0 7 7 7 4 25 25 25 25 25 22 25 25 25 0 0

 
E-23

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

WW01.3M Mean 0.2 — — 100 16 100 1 10.3 10.9 95 551 8 — 13 23.9 4.6 — —

 Median 0.2 — — 100 16 100 1 10.6 11 96 552 8 — 8 14.2 3.6 — —

 Minimum 0.2 — — 100 12 100 1 0 8.5 81 516 7.8 — 3 5.1 1.7 — —

 Maximum 0.2 — — 100 19 100 1 22.1 13.5 103 567 8.3 — 94 144 18.2 — —

 Std. dev. 0 — — 0 4.95 0 0 7.5 1.65 5.53 12 0.13 — 18 28.9 3.35 — —

 N obs. 25 0 0 2 2 2 2 24 24 24 24 24 0 24 24 24 0 0

 

ZM00.1M Mean 0.2 1.36 — 100 22 63 2 12 10.9 99 589 8.2 59.8 20 41 7.4 28.4 —

 Median 0.2 1.48 — 100 23 75 2 12 10.8 96 582 8.2 54.5 12 27.9 6 28.4 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.5 — 100 12 10 1 -0.1 7.7 77 506 7.8 12 4 4.6 1.5 28.4 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.3 — 100 28 100 3 30.8 13.7 134 690 8.5 111 110 211 26.4 28.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.51 — 0 6 42.3 .98 10.4 1.41 15 40.3 0.22 27.1 24.4 52.5 6.27 — —

 N obs. 24 24 0 6 6 6 6 24 24 24 24 24 16 24 24 24 1 0

 

 

1995 Near-bottom measurements: 

 

M753.1X Mean 1.72 1.92 — — — — — 11.5 11.4 101 517 8.2 — — — — — —

 Median 1.7 1.85 — — — — — 12.3 12.2 93 513 8.2 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.3 1.5 — — — — — 0 6 75 365 7.8 — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.6 4.8 — — — — — 26.3 18.4 153 640 8.8 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.63 0.62 — — — — — 10.2 3.25 19.7 78.8 0.24 — — — — — —

 N obs. 25 25 0 — — — — 25 25 25 25 25 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 3.55 3.74 — — — — — 11 11.1 96 333 8 — — — — — —

 Median 3.6 3.7 — — — — — 11.7 10.9 91 367 8 — — — — — —

 Minimum 3.1 3.3 — — — — — 0 5.6 69 177 7.4 — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.3 4.5 — — — — — 26 18.4 129 531 8.6 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.26 0.25 — — — — — 9.92 3.31 12.7 108 0.28 — — — — — —

 N obs. 25 25 0 — — — — 25 25 25 25 25 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M764.3A Mean 5.56 5.76 — — — — — 12 9.91 87 539 8.1 — 10 10 5.3 — —

 Median 5.7 5.9 — — — — — 12.2 10.6 86 554 8.1 — 10 9.9 5.6 — —

 Minimum 4.1 4.3 — — — — — 0.3 2.7 33 386 7.6 — 3 3.1 2 — —

 Maximum 7.7 7.9 — — — — — 25.9 15.9 140 662 8.7 — 22 22 9.3 — —

 Std. dev. 0.87 0.87 — — — — — 9.63 3.46 19.1 78.8 0.23 — 4.46 4.59 1.72 — —

 N obs. 24 24 0 — — — — 24 24 24 24 24 — 24 24 24 0 0

 
E-24

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-bottom measurements: 

M766.0I Mean 6.44 6.64 — — — — — 14.5 8.67 80 545 8 — 12 11 4.7 — —

 Median 6.5 6.7 — — — — — 15.6 8.6 82 573 8 — 10 9.6 4.6 — —

 Minimum 5.2 5.4 — — — — — 0.4 4.1 50 373 7.6 — 3 1.9 1.5 — —

 Maximum 7.8 8 — — — — — 26.7 13.4 120 663 8.6 — 41 41.7 8.3 — —

 Std. dev. 0.69 0.69 — — — — — 9.21 3.12 16.6 80.9 0.24 — 8.04 8.4 1.75 — —

 N obs. 36 36 0 — — — — 36 36 36 36 36 — 35 25 25 0 0

 

M771.2P Mean 8.35 8.55 — — — — — 14.1 8.33 75 544 8 — 15 13.1 5.4 — —

 Median 8.25 8.45 — — — — — 15.6 8.35 80 562 7.9 — 15 12.9 5.4 — —

 Minimum 7.6 7.8 — — — — — 0.6 0.1 1 378 7.5 — 3 2.6 2.4 — —

 Maximum 9.3 9.5 — — — — — 25.7 16.9 124 668 8.6 — 36 37.1 8.3 — —

 Std. dev. 0.51 0.51 — — — — — 9.15 4.04 26.7 80.9 0.27 — 7.51 8.13 1.91 — —

 N obs. 36 36 0 — — — — 36 36 36 36 36 — 36 25 25 0 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 8.63 8.83 — — — — — 14.2 8.38 76 545 8 — 20 20.3 6.8 — —

 Median 8.5 8.7 — — — — — 16 8.05 80 551 7.9 — 19 21.3 7.5 — —

 Minimum 7.8 8 — — — — — 0.1 0 0 378 7.6 — 3 2.6 2.1 — —

 Maximum 9.7 9.9 — — — — — 25.6 14.4 131 661 8.6 — 57 60.1 14.7 — —

 Std. dev. 0.58 0.58 — — — — — 9.26 3.89 25.1 79.3 0.26 — 12 14.8 3.04 — —

 N obs. 36 36 0 — — — — 36 36 36 36 36 — 36 25 25 0 0

 

M781.2O Mean 5.63 5.83 — — — — — 14.1 8.21 73 539 8 — 29 31.4 7.8 — —

 Median 5.6 5.8 — — — — — 15.7 8.4 84 544 7.9 — 26 27.9 7.4 — —

 Minimum 4.8 5 — — — — — 0.2 1.8 19 375 7.6 — 3 2.1 2.2 — —

 Maximum 6.6 6.8 — — — — — 26.4 14.6 123 667 8.6 — 86 106 17.7 — —

 Std. dev. 0.56 0.56 — — — — — 9.39 4.17 27.2 78.6 0.25 — 19.8 26 4.32 — —

 N obs. 36 36 0 — — — — 36 36 36 36 35 — 36 25 25 0 0

 

 

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

 

CH00.1M Mean 0.2 1.41 — 100 18 100 4 10.3 10.2 89 139 7.6 90.8 8 10 4 9.49 —

 Median 0.2 1.08 — 100 18 100 4 9.1 10.4 93 133 7.7 91 7 10.6 4.3 5.99 —

 Minimum 0.2 0.28 — 100 18 100 4 0 7.8 64 67 7 58 3 0.8 0.4 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 3.2 — 100 18 100 4 23.6 13.1 107 207 8.1 115 23 27.6 7.8 29.1 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.87 — — — — — 9.77 1.57 11.4 38.9 0.35 17.6 4.39 6.1 1.8 10 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 1 1 1 1 23 23 23 23 23 15 24 24 24 23 0

 
E-25

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

CN00.1M Mean 0.2 2.41 0.36 100 42 88 7 10.7 10.6 93 556 8.1 66.9 23 49 9 — —

 Median 0.2 2.25 0.36 100 49 100 7 9.95 11.2 92 590 8.1 62 14 22.3 6.3 — —

 Minimum 0.2 1.29 0.36 100 17 50 3 -0.1 6.9 75 365 7.8 10 3 6 1.6 — —

 Maximum 0.2 5.1 0.36 100 52 100 10 24.7 13.5 126 699 8.4 129 150 356 50 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.96 — 0 16.6 25 3 9.1 1.85 12 100 0.15 31.3 31.2 77.8 10.4 — —

 N obs. 24 24 1 4 4 4 4 24 24 24 24 24 20 24 24 23 0 0

 

M738.2F Mean 0.2 — — — — — — 11.4 10.5 94 417 8.1 — 16 17.1 5.7 15.4 —

 Median 0.2 — — — — — — 10.8 10.7 97 392 8.1 — 12 14.7 5.5 16.5 —

 Minimum 0.2 — — — — — — 0 6.7 58 334 7.4 — 3 2.4 1.5 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 — — — — — — 25.1 13.6 120 534 8.5 — 120 84.1 18.3 50 —

 Std. dev. 0 — — — — — — 9.88 1.91 14.6 59.6 0.34 — 23.4 16.9 3.62 13.7 —

 N obs. 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 0 23 23 22 22 0

 

M742.6B Mean 0.2 1.48 0.82 — — — — 11.5 12.7 119 440 8.4 42.4 27 28 9.2 37.9 —

 Median 0.2 1.42 0.59 — — — — 10.6 12.8 107 423 8.6 35.5 19 25.4 9.8 35.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.12 0.2 — — — — 0 8.1 69 329 7.6 8 3 2.2 1.5 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.3 2.28 — — — — 25.6 25 306 592 9.1 140 222 116 26.7 132 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.3 0.53 — — — — 10 3.25 50.8 65.5 0.46 28.3 44.2 25.1 6.23 38.4 —

 N obs. 23 23 22 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 16 23 23 22 23 0

 

M742.8D Mean 0.2 1.9 0.88 — — — — 11.2 11.4 104 432 8.3 61.1 16 18.7 7.2 29.5 —

 Median 0.2 1.9 0.62 — — — — 10.5 11.7 96 410 8.3 46 16 19.3 7.8 18.5 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.5 0.23 — — — — 0 6.6 70 345 7.5 19 3 2.1 1.4 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.5 1.8 — — — — 25.8 14.1 151 535 9 165 58 59.9 14.5 126 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.24 0.52 — — — — 9.91 1.56 25.1 59.7 0.44 39.3 12.6 14.1 4.3 34.8 —

 N obs. 23 23 22 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 19 23 23 22 23 0

 

M745.2L Mean 0.2 2.07 0.42 73.3 28 95 9 11.7 10.9 99 426 8.1 82.9 13 15.8 5.2 15 —

 Median 0.2 2.1 0.39 100 32 95 9 11.8 11.1 97 406 8.2 80 10 11.9 5.1 14.3 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.2 0.16 20 2 90 5 0 6.7 72 339 7.5 15 3 2.4 0.7 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.9 0.88 100 49 100 12 25.8 13.3 149 560 8.7 132 89 86.5 17.4 46.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.48 0.21 46.2 23.8 7.07 4.9 10 1.77 18.5 65.5 0.33 28.6 17.7 18.9 3.44 13.8 —

 N obs. 23 23 20 3 3 2 2 23 23 23 23 23 21 23 23 22 22 0

 

M746.9Y Mean 0.2 3.56 — 100 9 70 1 11.2 10.7 96 340 8 112 8 8.5 3.9 11.9 —

 Median 0.2 3.55 — 100 9 70 1 10.2 11.1 93 358 8.1 90 9 8.6 4.2 7.7 —

 Minimum 0.2 3 — 100 9 70 1 0.1 7.1 78 122 7.1 54 3 1.9 0.7 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 4.5 — 100 9 70 1 25.7 13.2 141 459 8.7 225 18 20.9 7 40.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.41 — — — — — 9.93 1.72 15.7 77.6 0.41 47 3.97 5.04 1.75 11 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 1 1 1 1 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 23 24 0

 
E-26

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

M747.3R Mean 0.2 1.52 0.86 100 10 10 — 11.5 10.7 96 428 8.1 80.8 16 20.7 5.2 13.4 —

 Median 0.2 1.5 0.73 100 10 10 — 11.1 11.3 92 406 8.1 80.5 9 12.4 4.9 15 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.05 0.22 100 10 10 — 0 6.7 72 343 7.4 15 3 1.4 0.5 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 2.6 2.06 100 10 10 — 25.6 13.2 141 568 8.7 150 110 132 20.1 42.6 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.33 0.49 — — — — 9.95 1.84 16.9 63.9 0.33 33.1 23.3 32.2 4.21 11.6 —

 N obs. 23 23 22 1 1 1 0 23 23 23 23 23 18 23 23 22 23 0

 

M752.8Y Mean 0.2 7.57 — — — — — 11.5 10.4 94 444 8.1 115 8 8 3.9 12.2 —

 Median 0.2 7.9 — — — — — 11.6 10.5 92 419 8.1 94.5 7 8.8 4.6 12.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.4 — — — — — 0 6.4 71 335 7.5 64 3 1.6 0.7 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 9.1 — — — — — 25.1 13.1 133 585 8.6 217 18 16.7 6.3 33.5 —

 Std. dev. 0 1 — — — — — 9.91 1.88 15.4 66.3 0.32 46.6 4.23 4.43 1.82 10.7 —

 N obs. 23 23 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 22 23 23 22 23 0

 

M752.8Z Mean 0.2 3.18 — — — — — 11.2 10.3 92 294 7.9 101 10 11.6 4.3 13.4 —

 Median 0.2 3.1 — — — — — 10.2 10.6 93 291 8 79.5 10 12.3 5.4 8.55 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.8 — — — — — 0 7.2 66 86 7.2 57 3 2.6 0.7 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 6.4 — — — — — 25.1 13.5 126 435 8.6 212 17 22.5 6.8 34.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.06 — — — — — 9.84 1.64 14.6 81.6 0.4 48.1 4.27 6.57 2 11.9 —

 N obs. 23 23 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 22 23 23 22 23 0

 

M753.1X Mean 0.2 1.92 0.18 100 27 63 6 11.4 11 100 454 8.2 103 7 7.6 3.9 10.6 —

 Median 0.2 1.89 0.12 100 25 100 4 11.2 10.9 95 435 8.2 88 7 8.4 4 8.05 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.27 0.03 100 5 0 4 0 6.3 68 336 7.4 57 2 1.9 0.9 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 3.8 0.85 100 48 100 12 26 13.9 173 587 8.7 166 17 14.6 6.7 31.7 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.43 0.19 0 16 51.8 3.5 10.4 1.84 24.8 65.9 0.37 32.5 4.23 4.15 1.71 9.39 —

 N obs. 24 24 23 8 8 8 5 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 23 24 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 0.2 3.7 0.17 89.4 28 61 7 11.6 11.1 104 267 7.9 82.9 9 9.3 4.5 16.5 —

 Median 0.2 3.6 0.12 100 26 95 7 12.8 10.4 94 284 7.9 79.5 7 8.5 5 7.49 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.2 0.04 5 1 0 3 0 6.8 59 71 6.8 41 3 1.9 0.8 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 5.2 0.75 100 52 100 12 27.3 25 319 406 9.2 130 18 19.4 8.6 89.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.42 0.15 31.7 17.9 50.8 3.5 10.5 3.65 51.6 79.7 0.58 26 4.46 5.56 2.36 22.1 —

 N obs. 25 25 23 9 9 8 5 25 25 25 25 25 24 24 24 23 24 0

 

M764.3A Mean 0.2 5.31 — — — — — 11.2 10.1 89 477 8 130 6 5.5 3.4 11.9 —

 Median 0.2 5.05 — — — — — 11.1 10.7 88 469 8.1 114 6 5.6 3.4 10.9 —

 Minimum 0.2 3.7 — — — — — 0.1 6 72 348 7.4 60 3 1.4 0.6 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.6 — — — — — 25.4 13 106 614 8.4 267 17 11 6.2 32.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.29 — — — — — 10.2 2.1 9.77 68.8 0.28 54.3 3.41 2.46 1.41 10.4 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 0

 
E-27

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

M766.0I Mean 0.2 6.69 — 98.9 41 62 6 14.1 10 95 476 8.2 110 7 6.3 3.8 14.6 —

 Median 0.2 6.6 — 100 41 90 7 16.8 10.1 89 461 8.2 108 6 6 3.7 11.3 —

 Minimum 0.2 5.5 — 90 17 0 0 0 6.1 70 327 7.5 64 3 2.6 1.3 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 8.8 — 100 73 100 14 25.7 14.1 144 627 8.8 198 15 13 6.9 32.8 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.83 — 3.33 21.6 47.1 4.4 10.4 2.08 16.8 74.8 0.29 33 2.99 2.66 1.58 10.5 —

 N obs. 33 33 0 9 9 9 7 31 31 31 31 31 32 33 24 24 24 0

 

M771.2P Mean 0.2 8.44 — 100 45 73 7 14.1 9.68 91 479 8.1 94.4 9 7.2 4.1 15.7 —

 Median 0.2 8.3 — 100 45 90 8 16.7 9.4 85 458 8.2 85 9 7.3 4.3 15.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 7.7 — 100 20 0 0 0 6.4 72 336 7.6 40 2 -0.1 1.6 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 10.7 — 100 76 100 14 26 13.2 127 613 8.7 201 21 19.2 7.6 41.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.7 — 0 21.4 42.1 4.6 10.4 2.15 13.2 73.3 0.28 35.8 4.32 4.2 1.72 12.3 —

 N obs. 33 33 0 9 9 9 7 31 31 31 31 31 33 33 24 24 23 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 0.2 8.67 — 100 39 63 7 14.2 10.3 98 473 8.2 75 11 10.1 4.7 16.9 —

 Median 0.2 8.4 — 100 39 100 6 16.1 11.4 90 462 8.1 70 10 10.4 5 14.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 7.9 — 100 15 0 5 0 6.2 72 309 7.7 35 3 2.7 1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 10.9 — 100 66 100 9 27.4 12.9 157 627 8.6 163 24 24.1 10.4 53.9 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.69 — 0 19.2 51.8 1.8 10.4 2.18 20.3 72.2 0.3 26.8 5.02 5.13 2.1 14 —

 N obs. 33 33 0 8 8 8 5 32 32 32 32 32 33 33 24 24 24 0

 

M781.2O Mean 0.2 5.67 — 100 38 59 5 14.2 10.2 97 465 8.1 58.8 16 15.2 5.5 18 —

 Median 0.2 5.5 — 100 37 100 6 15.9 11.2 91 454 8.1 48 16 16.3 6.3 15.3 —

 Minimum 0.2 4.9 — 100 18 0 0 0 5.1 61 256 7.7 27 3 2.2 1.2 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.8 — 100 63 100 10 26.6 13.2 155 616 8.6 153 30 34.6 9.5 54.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.66 — 0 16.4 51.8 3.9 10.5 2.35 19.9 74.5 0.26 30.6 8.05 9.45 2.63 15.7 —

 N obs. 33 33 0 7 7 7 6 32 32 32 32 32 31 33 24 23 24 0

 

M786.2C Mean 0.2 5.39 — — — — — 11.9 10.4 92 479 8 74.8 19 27.4 6.5 18 —

 Median 0.2 5.3 — — — — — 11.4 11.3 91 463 8.1 50.5 21 28.8 7.5 16.8 —

 Minimum 0.2 4 — — — — — 0.3 6.7 77 327 7.6 31 3 2.5 1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 7.2 — — — — — 26 13.7 112 659 8.6 200 35 53.9 11.3 74.6 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.95 — — — — — 10.3 2.42 7.42 79 0.24 55 10.9 17.2 3.14 16.8 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 0

 

M786.5D Mean 0.2 2.73 — 95 8 24 1 11.7 10.6 94 458 8 69.7 19 25.7 6.7 17 —

 Median 0.2 2.45 — 95 6 3 1 10.9 11.5 93 439 8.1 52 20 26.9 7.5 15.6 —

 Minimum 0.2 1.8 — 90 3 0 1 0 6.9 78 262 7.6 25 3 2.2 1.1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 5.2 — 100 17 90 1 25.8 13.3 126 628 8.7 190 35 51.4 11.8 81.3 —

 Std. dev. 0 0.72 — 5.77 6.4 44.2 — 10.3 2.14 11.7 80.5 0.25 48.6 11.4 17.4 3.63 17.6 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 4 4 4 1 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 23 24 0

 
E-28

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

M796.9M Mean 0.2 6.54 — — — — — 12.3 10.4 93 488 8 74.7 20 26.8 6.6 18 —

 Median 0.2 6.95 — — — — — 11.7 11.3 95 471 8.1 48 22 28 8 17.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 2.3 — — — — — 0.5 6.6 77 343 7.6 29 3 2.7 1 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 12.2 — — — — — 26.8 13.9 111 686 8.5 195 40 64.2 11.9 73.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 2.5 — — — — — 10.4 2.45 7.86 87.7 0.24 54.3 11.9 18.9 3.57 17.2 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 0

 

M796.9N Mean 0.2 5.08 — — — — — 11.9 10.3 92 448 8 77.3 17 24 6.3 15 —

 Median 0.2 4.9 — — — — — 10.7 11.1 91 439 8 51 20 26.6 7.1 12.1 —

 Minimum 0.2 2.4 — — — — — 0.2 6 73 213 7.6 32 3 2.6 1.3 -1 —

 Maximum 0.2 8 — — — — — 25.4 13.4 111 624 8.5 205 34 52.9 11 78.4 —

 Std. dev. 0 1.36 — — — — — 9.92 2.39 8.47 91 0.22 56 9.9 16.2 3.4 16.3 —

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 23 23 0

 

VM00.1M Mean 0.2 3.53 0.11 98.3 11 65 3 11.3 10.5 97 544 8 65.1 22 24.9 7.9 — —

 Median 0.2 3.25 0.11 100 12 90 1 10.3 10.1 84 534 8 53 21 25.4 8.6 — —

 Minimum 0.2 2.5 0.11 90 1 0 0 0 4 45 356 7.4 20 3 3.7 0.9 — —

 Maximum 0.2 6.1 0.11 100 20 100 8 27 25 317 732 8.6 166 58 57.5 15.5 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.92 — 4.08 7.84 47.2 3.3 10.4 3.98 53.1 80.4 0.34 43.7 15.7 17.1 4.67 — —

 N obs. 24 24 1 6 6 6 5 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 23 0 0

 

WW01.3M Mean 0.2 — — 96.7 16 63 4 9.49 11 95 544 8 — 24 38.3 6.2 — —

 Median 0.2 — — 100 19 90 4 10.4 11.3 97 552 8.1 — 9 13.3 3.3 — —

 Minimum 0.2 — — 90 8 0 4 0 8.3 77 387 7.6 — 3 4.8 2.2 — —

 Maximum 0.2 — — 100 21 100 4 20.3 14.5 119 582 8.1 — 170 178 29 — —

 Std. dev. 0 — — 5.77 7 55.1 0 6.96 1.49 9.04 36.6 0.14 — 42.1 56.8 7.23 — —

 N obs. 23 0 0 3 3 3 2 23 23 23 23 23 0 23 23 22 0 0

 

ZM00.1M Mean 0.2 1.65 — 100 21 100 5 11.2 10.8 97 562 8.1 79.1 25 71 9.7 — —

 Median 0.2 1.46 — 100 17 100 4 11.5 11.3 103 585 8.2 86 9 16.6 4.3 — —

 Minimum 0.2 0.62 — 100 11 100 2 0 7.3 66 306 7.6 6 3 2.4 0.3 — —

 Maximum 0.2 3.7 — 100 34 100 9 24.4 13.2 129 696 8.4 131 333 716 61.5 — —

 Std. dev. 0 0.67 — 0 10.4 0 2.6 9.56 1.53 15.9 99.1 0.24 38 69.1 169 16.3 — —

 N obs. 23 23 0 5 5 5 5 23 23 23 23 23 15 22 23 22 0 0

 
E-29

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-bottom measurements: 

M753.1X Mean 1.73 1.93 — — — — — 11.5 10.7 97 456 8.1 — — — — — —

 Median 1.7 1.9 — — — — — 12.5 10.7 91 436 8.1 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.1 1.27 — — — — — 0 6.1 69 336 7.4 — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.6 3.8 — — — — — 25.6 13.7 139 587 8.7 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.44 0.44 — — — — — 10.1 1.8 21.4 66.9 0.37 — — — — — —

 N obs. 23 23 0 — — — — 23 23 23 23 23 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 3.5 3.7 — — — — — 10.5 10.2 90 269 7.8 — — — — — —

 Median 3.45 3.65 — — — — — 9.4 10.6 85 280 7.7 — — — — — —

 Minimum 3 3.2 — — — — — 0 6.7 68 72 6.8 — — — — — —

 Maximum 5 5.2 — — — — — 25.4 12.4 121 440 8.7 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.42 0.42 — — — — — 9.73 1.61 15.6 93.2 0.47 — — — — — —

 N obs. 22 22 0 — — — — 22 22 22 22 22 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

M764.3A Mean 5.1 5.31 — — — — — 11.2 9.73 85 478 8 — 7 6.3 3.5 — —

 Median 4.85 5.05 — — — — — 11.1 10.5 86 474 8.1 — 7 6.3 3.7 — —

 Minimum 3.5 3.7 — — — — — 0.3 5.4 64 351 7.4 — 2 1.8 0.8 — —

 Maximum 7.4 7.6 — — — — — 25 12.8 102 612 8.4 — 17 14.6 6.9 — —

 Std. dev. 1.29 1.29 — — — — — 10 2.23 10.3 68.4 0.29 — 3.73 3.45 1.69 — —

 N obs. 24 24 0 — — — — 23 23 23 23 23 — 23 23 23 0 0

 

M766.0I Mean 6.49 6.69 — — — — — 13.9 8.43 78 485 8 — 8 6.8 3.5 — —

 Median 6.4 6.6 — — — — — 16.4 8.2 80 486 8.1 — 7 5.4 3 — —

 Minimum 5.3 5.5 — — — — — 0.4 5.2 59 368 7.5 — 2 1.3 0.8 — —

 Maximum 8.6 8.8 — — — — — 24.7 12.3 96 628 8.4 — 20 17.6 6.6 — —

 Std. dev. 0.83 0.83 — — — — — 9.6 2.31 10.1 71.1 0.25 — 4.66 4.5 1.76 — —

 N obs. 33 33 0 — — — — 31 31 31 31 31 — 31 23 23 0 0

 

M771.2P Mean 8.24 8.44 — — — — — 13.7 8.09 73 484 7.9 — 11 10.4 4.3 — —

 Median 8.1 8.3 — — — — — 16.7 8.2 77 474 7.9 — 11 10.3 4.2 — —

 Minimum 7.5 7.7 — — — — — 0.2 1.4 15 342 7.4 — 4 3 1.3 — —

 Maximum 10.5 10.7 — — — — — 25 12.4 96 600 8.3 — 26 26.7 7 — —

 Std. dev. 0.7 0.7 — — — — — 9.61 3.29 20.8 70.4 0.24 — 5.62 6.62 1.93 — —

 N obs. 33 33 0 — — — — 31 31 31 31 31 — 31 23 23 0 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 8.47 8.67 — — — — — 13.7 8.65 78 482 7.9 — 15 14.9 5.3 — —

 Median 8.2 8.4 — — — — — 16.6 8.6 80 464 7.9 — 16 13 5.6 — —

 Minimum 7.7 7.9 — — — — — 0.3 2.4 28 334 7.6 — 4 2.5 0.8 — —

 Maximum 10.7 10.9 — — — — — 25.5 12.6 111 629 8.4 — 29 31.7 9.3 — —

 Std. dev. 0.69 0.69 — — — — — 9.95 3.06 16.2 74.6 0.21 — 7.81 9.72 2.68 — —

 N obs. 33 33 0 — — — — 31 31 31 31 31 — 32 24 24 0 0

 
E-30

Table E-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

location Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-bottom measurements: 

M781.2O Mean 5.47 5.67 — — — — — 13.4 8.66 78 475 8 — 19 19.2 6.1 — —

 Median 5.3 5.5 — — — — — 15.8 9 81 463 7.9 — 20 19.7 6.8 — —

 Minimum 4.7 4.9 — — — — — 0 2.7 31 279 7.6 — 3 2.9 0.9 — —

 Maximum 7.6 7.8 — — — — — 25.1 12.8 113 618 8.5 — 36 44.5 10.9 — —

 Std. dev. 0.66 0.66 — — — — — 9.77 3.28 18.4 80.3 0.21 — 9.86 13 3.25 — —

 N obs. 33 33 0 — — — — 32 32 32 32 32 — 32 24 23 0 0

 
E-31

Table E-2. Annual summaries (1993–1996) of chemical measurements at fixed sites grouped into near-surface (less than or equal to 0.2 m below the surface) and nearbottom (less than or equal to 0.2 m above the substrate) categories. Below-surface chemical samples are infrequently collected.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

CH00.1M Mean 2.07 0.04 0.81 0.12 0.06 4.91 18.5 1.5 — — 6.83 — 

 Median 1.95 -0.02 0.64 0.11 0.04 4.45 16.9 1.3 — — 6.05 — 

 Minimum 0.71 -0.02 0.32 0.024 0.014 2.42 15 1 — — 3.39 — 

 Maximum 4.64 0.1 2.99 0.22 0.19 8.5 23.6 3.1 — — 12 — 

 Std. dev. 1.052 0.035 0.578 0.062 0.044 1.544 3.073 0.517 — — 2.343 — 

 N obs. 19 22 22 19 22 22 10 15 0 0 14 0

 

CN00.1M Mean 4.86 0.05 3.75 0.17 0.12 7.03 90.4 3.1 — — 19.8 — 

 Median 4.56 0.05 3.95 0.16 0.11 6.6 90 3 — — 18.8 — 

 Minimum 3.6 -0.02 0.69 0.026 0.031 4.82 58.1 2.57 — — 12.7 — 

 Maximum 6.08 0.1 5.03 0.3 0.28 9.97 103 4.2 — — 27 — 

 Std. dev. 0.724 0.043 1.025 0.086 0.07 1.482 14.45 0.471 — — 4.296 — 

 N obs. 18 22 22 19 22 22 10 15 0 0 14 0

 

M738.2F Mean 3.84 0.04 2.55 0.16 0.11 6.54 67.8 2.83 — — 23.2 — 

 Median 3.94 0.05 2.46 0.17 0.095 6.07 61.1 2.7 — — 16.6 — 

 Minimum 2.18 -0.02 1.68 0.023 -0.01 2.53 57.5 2.43 — — 11 — 

 Maximum 5.04 0.1 3.74 0.25 0.25 9.5 86 3.74 — — 116 — 

 Std. dev. 0.809 0.034 0.595 0.073 0.07 1.871 11.56 0.403 — — 26.89 — 

 N obs. 15 17 17 15 17 17 6 10 0 0 14 0

 

M742.6B Mean 4.5 0.03 2.95 0.15 0.081 6.18 76.5 2.53 — — 14.2 — 

 Median 3.87 0.02 2.67 0.17 0.051 6.03 77 2.7 — — 13.5 — 

 Minimum 2.41 -0.02 1.85 0.016 -0.01 2.39 63.3 1.48 — — 6.13 — 

 Maximum 12.8 0.1 4.78 0.27 0.19 8.47 88.6 3.48 — — 22.2 — 

 Std. dev. 2.357 0.032 0.828 0.085 0.061 1.596 8.107 0.586 — — 3.626 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M742.8D Mean 3.64 0.04 2.69 0.16 0.1 6.45 68.8 2.8 — — 16.5 — 

 Median 3.88 -0.02 2.53 0.18 0.071 6.18 59.5 2.7 — — 15.4 — 

 Minimum 2.04 -0.02 1.65 0.026 -0.01 2.79 58.8 2.23 — — 12.5 — 

 Maximum 4.79 0.1 4.88 0.26 0.23 8.79 90 3.72 — — 25.8 — 

 Std. dev. 0.795 0.041 0.787 0.084 0.072 1.764 13.15 0.458 — — 3.65 — 

 N obs. 15 18 18 15 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M745.2L Mean 3.74 0.05 2.73 0.15 0.12 6.7 56.9 2.86 — — 16.7 — 

 Median 3.76 0.04 2.57 0.15 0.11 6.08 59 2.6 — — 15.9 — 

 Minimum 2.55 -0.02 1.7 0.024 0.015 3.3 47.4 2.37 — — 12.5 — 

 Maximum 4.67 0.1 4.75 0.27 0.25 9.35 62.6 3.74 — — 24.7 — 

 Std. dev. 0.614 0.039 0.756 0.078 0.071 1.776 6.462 0.461 — — 3.35 — 

 N obs. 16 17 17 16 17 17 5 10 0 0 13 0

 
E-32

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M746.9Y Mean 2.95 0.04 1.63 0.14 0.1 5.95 55.4 2.55 — — 13.9 — 

 Median 2.94 0.03 1.67 0.15 0.075 5.56 49.1 2.47 — — 13.1 — 

 Minimum 0.91 -0.02 -0.01 0.023 0.018 2.91 44.8 2 — — 3.45 — 

 Maximum 4.64 0.09 2.59 0.24 0.24 9.08 85.5 3.32 — — 23.5 — 

 Std. dev. 0.825 0.03 0.657 0.068 0.061 1.636 15.26 0.382 — — 4.858 — 

 N obs. 16 18 17 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M747.3R Mean 3.67 0.05 2.95 0.15 0.12 6.71 62.4 2.85 — — 40.9 — 

 Median 3.78 0.03 2.64 0.15 0.1 6.15 62.4 2.7 — — 16.4 — 

 Minimum 2.57 -0.02 1.8 0.024 0.023 3.49 54.4 2.41 — — 12.6 — 

 Maximum 4.41 0.1 5.3 0.29 0.25 9.62 78 3.72 — — 316 — 

 Std. dev. 0.54 0.035 0.903 0.08 0.07 1.765 9.623 0.417 — — 83.01 — 

 N obs. 16 17 16 16 17 17 5 10 0 0 13 0

 

M752.8Y Mean 3.64 0.05 2.54 0.15 0.13 6.94 66.7 3.08 — — 17.2 — 

 Median 3.44 0.05 2.36 0.17 0.12 6.37 62.6 2.97 — — 15.7 — 

 Minimum 1.97 -0.02 1.56 0.023 -0.01 2.89 58 2.6 — — 12.4 — 

 Maximum 5.14 0.1 4.37 0.24 0.27 9.8 87.8 4 — — 24.5 — 

 Std. dev. 0.893 0.036 0.717 0.074 0.076 1.917 10.89 0.447 — — 3.525 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M752.8Z Mean 2.62 0.04 1.38 0.14 0.088 5.43 49.2 2.35 — — 11.5 — 

 Median 2.77 0.03 1.33 0.15 0.057 5.34 45.5 2.3 — — 11.1 — 

 Minimum 1.24 -0.02 0.25 0.023 0.03 2.85 37.3 2.1 — — 3.41 — 

 Maximum 3.46 0.09 2.38 0.21 0.2 7.99 64.8 2.7 — — 18.7 — 

 Std. dev. 0.521 0.03 0.455 0.064 0.05 1.325 10.84 0.212 — — 3.94 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M753.1X Mean 3.78 0.05 2.6 0.14 0.13 6.94 71.2 3.11 — — 17.8 — 

 Median 3.67 0.04 2.39 0.15 0.1 6.43 65.9 3 — — 15.9 — 

 Minimum 2.37 -0.02 1.65 0.024 -0.01 2.92 60 2.6 — — 12.4 — 

 Maximum 5.3 0.1 4.64 0.23 0.27 10.2 87.8 4.04 — — 28.3 — 

 Std. dev. 0.693 0.038 0.731 0.066 0.074 1.877 11.33 0.461 — — 4.417 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M757.2Z Mean 2.5 0.04 1.17 0.12 0.081 5.13 46.9 2.15 — — 11.2 — 

 Median 2.64 0.04 1.12 0.13 0.06 4.99 38.4 2.1 — — 11.1 — 

 Minimum 0.66 -0.02 0.25 0.019 0.024 3.01 35.1 1.5 — — 2.86 — 

 Maximum 4.44 0.08 2.29 0.18 0.21 8.55 66 3.08 — — 26.3 — 

 Std. dev. 0.923 0.024 0.572 0.053 0.054 1.55 12.48 0.454 — — 5.692 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 
E-33

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 3.76 0.06 2.62 0.14 0.13 6.96 73.6 3.14 — — 17.2 — 

 Median 3.68 0.05 2.43 0.14 0.11 6.49 66.6 3.03 — — 16.8 — 

 Minimum 2.65 -0.02 1.67 0.023 -0.01 2.55 58.8 2.6 — — 12.1 — 

 Maximum 5.11 0.1 4.7 0.23 0.27 10.1 92 4 — — 23.2 — 

 Std. dev. 0.6 0.041 0.739 0.065 0.072 1.904 13.41 0.41 — — 3.494 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M766.0I Mean 3.65 0.08 2.41 0.15 0.13 7.06 70.6 3.05 — — 33.3 — 

 Median 3.59 0.07 2.46 0.14 0.11 7.5 68 2.9 — — 16.6 — 

 Minimum 2.71 -0.02 -0.01 0.023 0.01 3.21 58.5 2.6 — — 11.8 — 

 Maximum 4.62 0.2 3.71 0.24 0.27 9.95 93.4 3.88 — — 226 — 

 Std. dev. 0.448 0.052 0.853 0.064 0.071 1.686 10.55 0.373 — — 58.11 — 

 N obs. 17 20 20 17 19 20 8 13 0 0 13 0

 

M771.2P Mean 3.73 0.07 2.37 0.15 0.12 6.88 72.9 3.28 — — 18.4 — 

 Median 3.7 0.07 2.33 0.16 0.1 6.39 64.4 3.1 — — 16 — 

 Minimum 2.65 -0.02 0.41 0.024 0.016 3.41 56.9 2.85 — — 12.7 — 

 Maximum 4.72 0.1 3.6 0.23 0.25 9.77 94.2 4 — — 34.6 — 

 Std. dev. 0.58 0.034 0.688 0.067 0.069 1.674 16.56 0.435 — — 5.575 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 4.04 0.09 2.58 0.16 0.12 7.05 65.2 3.2 — — 24.1 — 

 Median 3.95 0.07 2.52 0.17 0.1 7 64.7 3 — — 16.5 — 

 Minimum 3.05 -0.02 0.16 0.018 0.016 3.67 52 2.7 — — 12.8 — 

 Maximum 5.96 0.2 3.86 0.24 0.24 9.99 82.8 4.5 — — 105 — 

 Std. dev. 0.776 0.062 0.805 0.065 0.058 1.575 9.09 0.515 — — 23.39 — 

 N obs. 19 22 22 19 22 22 10 15 0 0 14 0

 

M781.2O Mean 3.88 0.09 3.26 0.16 0.11 6.94 65.1 3.19 — — 17.5 — 

 Median 3.7 0.08 2.4 0.18 0.089 6.9 63.8 3.01 — — 16.2 — 

 Minimum 2.88 -0.02 1.63 0.024 0.039 3.86 47.2 2.4 — — 4.93 — 

 Maximum 5.27 0.3 17.6 0.27 0.21 9.17 101 4.2 — — 31.2 — 

 Std. dev. 0.617 0.072 3.251 0.069 0.05 1.376 13.94 0.522 — — 6.066 — 

 N obs. 19 22 22 19 22 21 10 15 0 0 14 0

 

M786.2C Mean 3.97 0.07 2.64 0.17 0.12 6.9 68.8 3.26 — — 18.5 — 

 Median 3.79 0.06 2.57 0.2 0.087 6.63 65.8 3.12 — — 17.1 — 

 Minimum 3.04 -0.02 0.8 0.026 0.052 4.32 61.6 2.79 — — 13.4 — 

 Maximum 5.54 0.2 3.88 0.27 0.23 9.39 78.5 4.12 — — 27.7 — 

 Std. dev. 0.71 0.042 0.765 0.081 0.06 1.558 6.714 0.397 — — 4.276 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 
E-34

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1993 Near-surface measurements: 

M786.5D Mean 3.71 0.07 2.47 0.16 0.11 6.81 73.4 3.17 — — 17.5 — 

 Median 3.73 0.07 2.37 0.14 0.09 6.31 69.4 3.06 — — 15.5 — 

 Minimum 2.5 -0.02 0.53 0.025 0.043 4.43 61.8 2.8 — — 12.4 — 

 Maximum 4.99 0.2 3.42 0.29 0.2 9.06 99.5 4.04 — — 30.6 — 

 Std. dev. 0.608 0.053 0.722 0.078 0.055 1.415 13.43 0.397 — — 4.825 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M796.9M Mean 4.07 0.06 2.68 0.17 0.12 7 70.9 3.32 — — 19 — 

 Median 4.01 0.06 2.64 0.19 0.095 6.36 66 3.24 — — 18.7 — 

 Minimum 3.05 -0.02 0.94 0.027 0.034 4.25 60.8 2.85 — — 13.7 — 

 Maximum 5.97 0.2 3.94 0.27 0.22 9.56 88.1 4.2 — — 25.8 — 

 Std. dev. 0.704 0.047 0.852 0.079 0.062 1.647 10.42 0.436 — — 3.714 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M796.9N Mean 3.8 0.1 2.48 0.17 0.11 6.87 65.8 3.13 — — 18.8 — 

 Median 3.65 0.07 2.42 0.14 0.1 6.87 62.9 2.94 — — 16.9 — 

 Minimum 2.5 -0.02 0.43 0.026 0.048 4.44 48.4 2.7 — — 11.3 — 

 Maximum 5.56 0.3 3.5 0.44 0.2 8.86 104 4.12 — — 32.6 — 

 Std. dev. 0.86 0.079 0.727 0.096 0.047 1.3 15.06 0.432 — — 5.692 — 

 N obs. 18 21 21 19 21 22 10 15 0 0 14 0

 

VM00.1M Mean 4.11 0.06 3.19 0.19 0.13 7.16 68 2.89 — — 19.9 — 

 Median 4.22 0.05 3.06 0.22 0.11 7.06 67.3 2.62 — — 16.3 — 

 Minimum 3.17 -0.02 1.97 0.025 0.021 3.27 50.9 1.8 — — 6.02 — 

 Maximum 4.77 0.2 5.13 0.28 0.27 10.5 85.4 4.5 — — 32.7 — 

 Std. dev. 0.462 0.052 0.752 0.078 0.072 1.834 11.03 0.871 — — 7.693 — 

 N obs. 18 22 22 19 22 22 10 15 0 0 14 0

 

WW01.3M Mean 5.16 0.04 4.74 0.19 0.1 6.69 86.6 1.77 — — 13 — 

 Median 5.12 0.03 4.79 0.11 0.077 6.83 79.5 1.7 — — 13 — 

 Minimum 3.68 -0.02 3.79 0.022 0.038 5.28 72.8 1.37 — — 10.7 — 

 Maximum 6.41 0.08 5.66 0.89 0.27 7.94 100 2.4 — — 16.4 — 

 Std. dev. 0.793 0.027 0.494 0.207 0.061 0.726 12.5 0.308 — — 1.431 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

ZM00.1M Mean 5.76 0.02 5.46 0.19 0.077 5.64 86.9 1.98 — — 19.4 — 

 Median 5.64 -0.02 5.37 0.081 0.07 5.63 89 1.79 — — 18.9 — 

 Minimum 4.18 -0.02 4.11 0.013 0.017 4.18 76.1 1.6 — — -0.01 — 

 Maximum 7.58 0.06 7.61 0.91 0.15 7.25 100 3 — — 48.3 — 

 Std. dev. 1.048 0.017 0.978 0.23 0.049 0.945 10.51 0.451 — — 10.51 — 

 N obs. 16 17 17 16 17 17 5 10 0 0 13 0

 
E-35

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1993 Near-bottom measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 3.88 0.07 2.64 0.15 0.13 7.07 70.7 3.15 — — 18.7 — 

 Median 3.74 0.06 2.48 0.16 0.11 6.52 66 3 — — 16.3 — 

 Minimum 2.41 -0.02 1.66 0.024 -0.01 2.96 59.3 2.7 — — 12.1 — 

 Maximum 5.92 0.2 4.91 0.25 0.27 10.2 94.4 4.02 — — 39.7 — 

 Std. dev. 0.831 0.044 0.762 0.069 0.074 1.835 12.35 0.408 — — 7 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M766.0I Mean 3.63 0.08 2.49 0.15 0.13 7.08 72.1 3.05 — — 16.6 — 

 Median 3.49 0.07 2.49 0.16 0.11 6.69 69.3 2.87 — — 15.7 — 

 Minimum 2.67 -0.02 0.41 0.023 0.015 3.11 59.5 2.6 — — 11.6 — 

 Maximum 4.93 0.2 3.9 0.25 0.27 9.99 92.6 3.86 — — 23.5 — 

 Std. dev. 0.568 0.051 0.736 0.07 0.07 1.678 10.96 0.392 — — 3.389 — 

 N obs. 17 20 20 17 20 20 8 13 0 0 13 0

 

M771.2P Mean 3.83 0.08 2.5 0.18 0.13 7.06 69.3 3.16 — — 17.5 — 

 Median 3.77 0.07 2.41 0.16 0.1 6.47 65.6 3.02 — — 15.7 — 

 Minimum 2.85 -0.02 0.44 0.024 0.024 3.72 57.8 2.78 — — 12.5 — 

 Maximum 5.51 0.2 4.67 0.32 0.33 9.85 94.6 4.04 — — 25.5 — 

 Std. dev. 0.707 0.052 0.905 0.09 0.08 1.722 13.38 0.391 — — 3.752 — 

 N obs. 16 18 18 16 18 18 6 11 0 0 14 0

 

M775.6Q Mean 3.96 0.1 2.55 0.17 0.12 7 67 3.2 — — 18 — 

 Median 3.76 0.08 2.45 0.18 0.11 6.86 66.8 3 — — 16.1 — 

 Minimum 3.15 -0.02 0.16 0.023 0.022 3.96 51.4 2.1 — — 12.7 — 

 Maximum 5.73 0.3 3.86 0.26 0.24 9.52 98.8 4.8 — — 28.8 — 

 Std. dev. 0.617 0.067 0.813 0.071 0.059 1.442 13.23 0.619 — — 4.656 — 

 N obs. 19 22 22 19 22 22 10 15 0 0 14 0

 

M781.2O Mean 3.78 0.09 2.49 0.17 0.12 6.9 65.7 3.24 — — 18 — 

 Median 3.77 0.08 2.37 0.19 0.098 6.9 64.3 3 — — 16.8 — 

 Minimum 2.47 -0.02 0.58 0.027 0.035 3.67 50.4 2.7 — — 12.4 — 

 Maximum 5.07 0.2 3.66 0.29 0.23 9.46 81.9 4.66 — — 29.5 — 

 Std. dev. 0.643 0.058 0.694 0.075 0.055 1.507 8.828 0.579 — — 4.516 — 

 N obs. 18 22 22 19 22 22 10 15 0 0 14 0

 
E-36

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

CH00.1M Mean 1.36 0.06 0.69 0.14 0.037 4.87 20.4 1.66 7.93 4.83 5.93 10.3

 Median 1.25 0.03 0.63 0.093 0.04 4.95 16.5 1.41 6.67 3.45 4.96 5.42

 Minimum 0.72 -0.02 -0.01 -0.01 -0.01 2.02 9.84 0.93 3.52 1.55 2.3 1.23

 Maximum 2.67 0.3 1.35 0.93 0.094 7.67 84.6 3.12 29.5 18.4 14.6 57.4

 Std. dev. 0.484 0.081 0.319 0.189 0.021 1.576 16.61 0.632 5.646 4.087 3.073 15.46

 N obs. 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 21

 

CN00.1M Mean 4.01 0.08 3.41 0.18 0.045 7.06 69.2 3.25 24.7 10.1 19.5 37.9

 Median 3.68 -0.02 3.46 0.15 0.035 7.71 67.5 3.3 24.5 9.38 18 27.6

 Minimum 2.66 -0.02 1.73 0.07 -0.01 0.84 39.1 2.34 15.4 6.08 13.7 19.5

 Maximum 5.71 0.4 5.04 0.53 0.16 9.95 96 5.37 33.6 21.6 30.6 165

 Std. dev. 0.901 0.118 1.085 0.109 0.037 2.584 11.26 0.716 4.017 3.363 5.061 31.85

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M738.2F Mean 2.32 0.07 1.98 0.14 0.048 5.63 55 2.85 21.8 12.1 15 44.7

 Median 2.33 0.02 1.94 0.12 0.036 6.11 53.4 2.77 20.7 11.2 12.9 41.6

 Minimum -0.1 -0.02 1.11 0.056 -0.01 0.11 45.2 1.92 17.6 8.08 4.97 22.5

 Maximum 3.05 0.4 3 0.4 0.14 8.04 95.8 4.68 32.3 25.6 33.8 66.9

 Std. dev. 0.647 0.096 0.538 0.075 0.037 2.065 9.903 0.553 3.441 3.641 5.816 12.87

 N obs. 24 24 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M742.6B Mean 2.42 0.05 1.91 0.14 0.026 5.42 55.1 2.49 22.3 10.5 13.3 36.5

 Median 2.35 0.03 1.82 0.14 0.018 5.74 55.1 2.52 22.2 9.94 12.8 34.1

 Minimum 1.64 -0.02 0.81 0.078 -0.01 0.74 43 1.77 14.9 5.34 7.22 19.6

 Maximum 3.08 0.3 3.09 0.24 0.085 8.39 73.1 3.36 28.1 23 21.3 63.3

 Std. dev. 0.415 0.071 0.649 0.046 0.02 1.806 6.628 0.407 3.261 3.35 3.403 10.8

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M742.8D Mean 2.42 0.07 1.85 0.14 0.034 5.57 55.4 2.69 22.2 12 15.1 51.8

 Median 2.44 0.02 1.75 0.12 0.028 6.14 55.2 2.68 21.4 10.9 13.5 44.4

 Minimum 1.57 -0.02 0.69 0.067 -0.01 1.31 46.1 1.47 18.9 8.67 6.35 23.5

 Maximum 3.3 0.3 3.08 0.28 0.11 8.05 71.5 4.11 27.7 24.9 35.6 186

 Std. dev. 0.483 0.08 0.664 0.063 0.026 1.788 5.803 0.579 2.647 3.515 5.465 33.12

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M745.2L Mean 2.43 0.09 2.05 0.14 0.045 5.94 53.4 2.83 21.2 12 15.5 49.2

 Median 2.4 0.03 1.92 0.12 0.034 6.41 53 2.76 20.6 11.2 13.5 47.4

 Minimum 1.41 -0.02 1.13 0.054 -0.01 1.97 40.2 1.95 15 6.87 8.22 25.6

 Maximum 3.45 0.4 3.33 0.27 0.12 8.05 65.4 3.75 26.7 25.2 34 82.7

 Std. dev. 0.459 0.112 0.583 0.056 0.032 1.55 5.717 0.434 2.886 3.584 5.494 16.38

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 
E-37

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

M746.9Y Mean 2.1 0.08 1.63 0.13 0.056 5.82 45.1 2.63 18.1 10.3 12.7 38.4

 Median 2.09 -0.02 1.66 0.11 0.046 6.19 43.6 2.58 17.1 9.32 11.1 37.7

 Minimum 1.35 -0.02 0.88 0.045 -0.01 2.29 29.8 1.59 11.8 6.42 6.15 22.5

 Maximum 2.93 0.4 2.45 0.31 0.15 7.38 59.7 4.8 24.5 23.1 22.7 66

 Std. dev. 0.37 0.101 0.431 0.06 0.041 1.5 7.701 0.635 3.557 3.621 4.292 11.69

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M747.3R Mean 2.66 0.09 2.13 0.13 0.073 5.92 55.7 2.94 21.9 12.6 15.2 45.4

 Median 2.59 0.02 2.1 0.12 0.053 6.49 54.5 2.82 20.9 11.6 14.1 40.5

 Minimum 1.85 -0.02 1.22 0.051 -0.01 2.1 31.4 1.98 12.7 7.13 4.13 16.4

 Maximum 3.58 0.4 3.44 0.24 0.4 7.89 75 4.92 29.5 26.3 34.1 77.2

 Std. dev. 0.422 0.1 0.598 0.057 0.083 1.657 8.983 0.652 3.849 4.019 6.242 17.83

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M752.8Y Mean 2.47 0.1 2.02 0.14 0.053 6.14 54.4 2.95 21.9 12.6 16.1 54.4

 Median 2.46 0.04 1.86 0.12 0.039 6.57 53.2 2.88 20.7 11.4 14.1 49

 Minimum 1.4 -0.02 0.94 0.052 -0.01 2 46.9 2.04 19.1 9.23 8.85 32.4

 Maximum 3.37 0.5 3.98 0.23 0.12 8.3 74.1 4.47 29.2 26.2 32.5 90

 Std. dev. 0.524 0.126 0.682 0.048 0.034 1.61 5.828 0.559 3.147 3.772 5.103 16.82

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M752.8Z Mean 1.88 0.07 1.37 0.12 0.045 5.58 40.4 2.52 16.6 9.39 12.5 32.1

 Median 1.86 0.03 1.26 0.12 0.04 5.88 40.2 2.46 16.5 7.98 10.4 31.4

 Minimum 1.36 -0.02 0.14 0.048 -0.01 2.04 20.7 1.47 8.17 5.07 3.47 6.09

 Maximum 2.53 0.4 2.55 0.22 0.11 7.24 60.3 3.51 23.6 23.8 39.5 60.7

 Std. dev. 0.287 0.094 0.504 0.042 0.029 1.481 9.517 0.453 4.227 4.189 7.353 13.06

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M753.1X Mean 2.43 0.1 1.89 0.13 0.054 6.21 56 3.1 22.4 13.2 15.8 57.6

 Median 2.31 0.03 1.81 0.12 0.04 6.82 55.2 3.03 21.6 12.4 13.8 51.1

 Minimum 1.77 -0.02 -0.01 0.046 -0.01 1.78 47 2.19 18.1 8.5 8.8 36.8

 Maximum 3.26 0.4 3.51 0.24 0.17 8.12 72.7 4.92 28.3 27.6 33.4 152

 Std. dev. 0.482 0.13 0.733 0.051 0.042 1.741 5.665 0.562 2.974 4.096 5.357 26.04

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M757.2Z Mean 2.7 0.07 1.22 0.12 0.038 5.42 37.1 2.37 15.1 8.6 11.5 30.8

 Median 1.87 0.03 1.26 0.11 0.03 5.77 36.3 2.28 15.2 8.26 9.59 30.2

 Minimum 1.27 -0.02 -0.01 0.05 -0.01 2.04 19.6 1.53 7.54 4.69 5.12 14.1

 Maximum 23 0.3 2.13 0.21 0.09 7.29 61.9 5.04 24.8 19.7 23.8 64.3

 Std. dev. 4.338 0.085 0.469 0.045 0.023 1.439 8.804 0.67 3.969 3.425 4.791 12.25

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 
E-38

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 2.59 0.09 1.94 0.14 0.058 6.21 57.1 3.06 22.8 13.2 16 55

 Median 2.62 0.04 1.83 0.14 0.049 6.9 56.5 3.06 22.1 12.7 14.3 53.1

 Minimum 1.66 -0.02 -0.01 0.036 -0.01 1.58 47.6 2.25 18.7 8.06 6.02 29.6

 Maximum 3.49 0.4 3.53 0.25 0.16 8.28 71 4.05 28.8 21.5 35.3 89

 Std. dev. 0.506 0.12 0.755 0.055 0.042 1.789 6.09 0.439 3.019 3.631 6.4 15.64

 N obs. 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 21

 

M766.0I Mean 2.45 0.1 1.88 0.14 0.06 6.26 57.6 3.19 23 13.8 16.5 61.7

 Median 2.32 0.04 1.81 0.12 0.055 6.77 56.1 3.09 21.7 12.1 14.7 51.9

 Minimum 1.61 -0.02 -0.01 0.051 0.011 1.25 44.6 2.13 17.6 8.55 6.51 27

 Maximum 3.79 0.5 3.68 0.28 0.14 8.07 83.3 4.53 32 29.4 38.9 147

 Std. dev. 0.559 0.123 0.779 0.061 0.038 1.855 8.072 0.556 3.576 4.765 7.287 29.19

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M771.2P Mean 2.69 0.1 2.03 0.14 0.05 6.19 57.4 3.12 23.2 14.6 17.8 66.7

 Median 2.51 0.05 1.84 0.13 0.037 6.61 57 2.94 22.2 12.5 14.3 58.9

 Minimum 1.65 -0.02 0.99 0.069 -0.01 1.84 46.6 2.37 18.1 9.12 5.71 33.9

 Maximum 5.11 0.4 3.69 0.23 0.12 8.39 72.4 4.65 30.4 36.3 45.9 214

 Std. dev. 0.744 0.112 0.701 0.047 0.036 1.809 6.455 0.522 3.286 6.331 8.655 38.47

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M775.6Q Mean 2.59 0.1 2.06 0.14 0.055 6.16 56.6 3.13 22.8 14.3 16.6 66.4

 Median 2.38 0.07 1.83 0.12 0.036 6.57 55.3 3.06 22 12.4 15 58.1

 Minimum 1.67 -0.02 1.03 0.062 -0.01 1.98 46.6 2.31 17.6 9.11 11.1 30.4

 Maximum 4.3 0.4 3.71 0.26 0.17 8.2 71.2 4.62 30.2 28 28.9 246

 Std. dev. 0.646 0.12 0.681 0.054 0.048 1.675 6.616 0.552 3.314 4.975 4.845 44.26

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 24 21

 

M781.2O Mean 2.52 0.1 2.02 0.15 0.048 6.01 56.8 3.08 22.9 14 16 56.5

 Median 2.39 0.06 1.93 0.12 0.033 6.5 55.7 2.88 21.9 12.3 14.5 52.7

 Minimum 1.69 -0.02 0.98 0.087 -0.01 1.82 45.5 2.16 17.2 8.55 7.2 36

 Maximum 4.26 0.4 3.59 0.24 0.12 8.18 70.2 4.56 29.5 28.6 26.7 86.9

 Std. dev. 0.583 0.109 0.718 0.051 0.036 1.735 5.91 0.557 3.242 4.417 4.839 14.48

 N obs. 24 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M786.2C Mean 2.73 0.1 2.48 0.17 0.047 5.93 56.6 3.09 23 14.4 16.8 65.3

 Median 2.7 0.04 2.15 0.14 0.037 6.36 57.6 3.02 23.1 13.3 14.7 63.1

 Minimum 1.83 -0.02 1.17 0.064 -0.01 1.07 22.5 1.47 7.63 6.83 11.1 37.2

 Maximum 3.99 0.4 7.35 0.43 0.13 7.52 69.6 4.47 29.8 29.4 33.4 176

 Std. dev. 0.594 0.119 1.199 0.078 0.039 1.739 9.255 0.683 4.564 4.627 5.639 29.79

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 
E-39

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1994 Near-surface measurements: 

M786.5D Mean 2.58 0.08 1.95 0.16 0.038 5.67 55.5 2.94 22.4 12.3 15.8 58.1

 Median 2.43 0.04 1.97 0.14 0.028 6.2 53.1 3 21.1 11.8 13.7 59.4

 Minimum 1.65 -0.02 -0.01 0.066 -0.01 1.78 45.3 1.47 18 5.24 7.91 33.8

 Maximum 3.58 0.3 3.1 0.29 0.13 7.6 76.3 4.8 29.1 17.9 30 96

 Std. dev. 0.529 0.101 0.658 0.063 0.036 1.681 7.136 0.717 3.244 3.11 5.129 16.9

 N obs. 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 21

 

M796.9M Mean 2.82 0.1 2.16 0.17 0.047 5.99 57.6 3.18 23.3 14.3 16.2 58.6

 Median 2.73 0.05 2.02 0.16 0.032 6.53 58.4 3.2 22.6 13 14.7 55.5

 Minimum 1.82 -0.02 1.17 0.073 -0.01 1.57 40.2 2.28 17.1 8.67 6.1 32

 Maximum 3.89 0.4 3.81 0.33 0.15 7.91 70.6 4.35 30.2 27.8 26.2 108

 Std. dev. 0.661 0.121 0.637 0.069 0.044 1.694 7.348 0.499 3.722 4.05 5.463 20.86

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M796.9N Mean 2.63 0.1 2.02 0.17 0.048 6.16 55.1 2.92 22.1 13.7 16.6 60

 Median 2.52 0.04 1.89 0.14 0.035 6.61 54 2.97 21.9 13 14.2 55.6

 Minimum 1.8 -0.02 1.13 0.064 -0.01 1.71 42.6 1.02 17.8 8.11 10.1 37.2

 Maximum 3.91 0.4 3.32 0.59 0.16 8.12 67.3 4.56 28.5 28.6 30.5 105

 Std. dev. 0.647 0.126 0.563 0.109 0.042 1.586 7.145 0.767 3.105 4.423 5.559 18.21

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

VM00.1M Mean 3.13 0.09 2.54 0.19 0.062 6.21 62 2.96 24.3 15.3 20.6 50

 Median 3.14 0.08 2.53 0.16 0.039 6.9 62.6 2.82 24.3 14.4 18.6 39.5

 Minimum 2.17 -0.02 -0.01 0.084 -0.01 0.15 47.9 2.16 17.9 7.88 9.73 21.7

 Maximum 6.18 0.4 4.34 0.46 0.16 8.7 72 4.47 32.1 28.8 34.5 92

 Std. dev. 0.803 0.091 1.055 0.081 0.052 2.307 5.454 0.608 3.229 4.261 6.2 24.18

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 20

 

WW01.3M Mean 3.67 0.05 3.6 0.13 0.043 6.08 66.6 2 25.1 6.19 10.6 13.5

 Median 3.66 0.03 3.85 0.089 0.017 6.27 66.6 1.71 25.5 5.6 10.1 14.1

 Minimum 2.84 -0.02 1.43 0.036 -0.01 3.53 48.7 1.17 14.7 2.28 4.56 5.62

 Maximum 5.29 0.4 4.5 0.78 0.52 7.95 78.6 4.92 29.5 15.5 16.7 23.1

 Std. dev. 0.529 0.08 0.761 0.152 0.105 1.095 7.02 0.924 3.018 2.692 2.781 4.002

 N obs. 23 24 24 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

ZM00.1M Mean 4.08 0.03 3.98 0.14 0.027 5.07 64.6 2.3 23.2 10.8 21.9 28.4

 Median 4.02 -0.02 3.86 0.11 0.013 4.94 66 2.1 24.3 9.73 18.4 21

 Minimum 2.53 -0.02 1.86 0.024 -0.01 2.78 34.3 1.41 13.8 6.02 9.6 10.6

 Maximum 6.17 0.3 5.9 0.31 0.18 7.35 78.6 4.77 28.8 21.6 98.9 195

 Std. dev. 0.93 0.067 1.172 0.093 0.039 1.132 10.85 0.842 3.615 3.933 17.52 38.38

 N obs. 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 21

 
E-40

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1994 Near-bottom measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 2.47 0.1 2 0.14 0.056 6.18 57.3 3.02 23.1 13.8 16.8 57.7

 Median 2.53 0.04 1.85 0.12 0.049 6.8 56.2 3.03 22 12.8 14.8 54.7

 Minimum 1.52 -0.02 1.09 0.052 -0.01 1.79 48.5 2.07 19.4 8.03 10.5 29.4

 Maximum 3.6 0.4 3.51 0.29 0.12 8.25 67.3 4.2 29.8 31.7 45.6 107

 Std. dev. 0.528 0.112 0.651 0.062 0.036 1.803 5.012 0.495 3.186 4.969 7.579 18.58

 N obs. 23 23 23 23 23 23 22 23 23 23 23 21

 

M766.0I Mean 2.55 0.1 1.97 0.15 0.056 6.09 57.2 3.01 23 14 16.1 53

 Median 2.46 0.05 1.88 0.13 0.046 6.74 57.4 3 22.4 13.6 14.3 52.1

 Minimum 1.54 -0.02 -0.01 0.073 -0.01 0.17 46.3 1.74 18.1 8.96 7.23 30

 Maximum 3.57 0.4 3.46 0.3 0.13 8.66 75.8 4.17 29.3 24.4 36.3 88.5

 Std. dev. 0.511 0.107 0.805 0.058 0.034 2.115 6.783 0.553 3.041 4.065 6.413 16.41

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M771.2P Mean 2.63 0.1 1.96 0.16 0.057 6.24 55.7 3.06 22.3 13.8 18.8 57.9

 Median 2.44 0.09 1.88 0.16 0.047 6.54 56.4 2.97 21.9 12 14.6 55.4

 Minimum 1.93 -0.02 -0.01 0.067 -0.01 3.38 15.9 2.13 5.15 3.72 9.78 31.5

 Maximum 4.24 0.4 3.47 0.26 0.12 8.55 72.6 4.2 28.6 33.1 64.1 102

 Std. dev. 0.55 0.112 0.771 0.053 0.036 1.43 10.36 0.518 4.605 6.22 11.61 18.03

 N obs. 23 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M775.6Q Mean 2.6 0.1 1.96 0.17 0.05 6.4 55.3 3.16 22.9 13.9 16.3 62.2

 Median 2.39 0.09 1.75 0.16 0.04 7.18 56.9 3.09 22.2 12.2 14.6 50

 Minimum 1.89 -0.02 1.02 0.064 -0.01 2.66 0.59 2.07 17.7 9.04 6.58 28.7

 Maximum 4.02 0.4 3.23 0.37 0.13 8.35 73.6 4.98 30.6 27.9 29.9 189

 Std. dev. 0.59 0.119 0.606 0.074 0.039 1.643 13.33 0.615 3.186 4.846 5.247 34.74

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 21

 

M781.2O Mean 2.59 0.1 2 0.16 0.048 6.22 57.4 3.06 23 13.7 16.5 65

 Median 2.53 0.06 1.94 0.18 0.035 6.85 56.3 3 22.4 12.5 15.4 57.7

 Minimum 1.75 -0.02 0.86 0.076 -0.01 2.38 47.1 2.28 18.2 8.9 9.9 35.3

 Maximum 4.29 0.3 3.58 0.26 0.14 8.15 70.9 4.08 29.7 28.1 26.1 164

 Std. dev. 0.573 0.098 0.692 0.057 0.038 1.613 5.854 0.417 2.968 4.076 4.716 27.58

 N obs. 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 20

 
E-41

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

CH00.1M Mean 1.45 0.06 0.66 0.089 0.033 5.2 18.3 2.01 7.27 4.39 5.24 5.55

 Median 1.35 0.03 0.63 0.069 0.027 5.58 16.4 1.68 6.52 3.57 5.27 5.64

 Minimum 0.74 -0.02 0.19 0.03 -0.01 1.99 11.1 1.02 4.28 1.04 1.22 1.55

 Maximum 2.54 0.3 1.25 0.2 0.13 6.98 73.7 6.3 29 20.4 8.07 8.13

 Std. dev. 0.415 0.066 0.338 0.049 0.025 1.273 11.98 1.238 4.773 3.52 1.434 1.274

 N obs. 24 25 25 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

CN00.1M Mean 4.52 0.06 3.89 0.15 0.032 6.88 77.7 3.61 28.7 12.2 22.9 36.5

 Median 4.45 0.04 4.18 0.14 0.028 6.94 76.8 3.54 29.1 11.8 22.7 32

 Minimum 2.85 -0.02 2.03 0.037 -0.01 2.12 51.9 2.25 20.6 7.08 17.2 23.6

 Maximum 7.1 0.2 5.26 0.43 0.092 12.1 105 7.47 36.8 17.5 30.5 121

 Std. dev. 1.03 0.047 1.034 0.083 0.023 2.704 10.85 1.152 3.985 2.688 3.645 20.01

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M738.2F Mean 3.64 0.07 2.07 0.12 0.042 6.18 57.5 3.35 23.8 12.9 17 54.2

 Median 2.84 0.05 1.99 0.11 0.028 6.5 60.6 3.27 24.3 13 15.1 60.7

 Minimum 1.62 -0.02 0.65 0.045 -0.01 2.18 38.6 2.04 15.3 7.3 9.55 21.6

 Maximum 19 0.2 3.92 0.31 0.13 9.47 69.9 7.29 31.5 19.4 44.5 95

 Std. dev. 3.291 0.045 0.795 0.064 0.033 1.758 9.174 1.121 4.576 2.921 6.714 20.61

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M742.6B Mean 2.97 0.04 2.92 0.13 0.023 5.78 60.2 2.87 25 11.3 14 40.3

 Median 2.94 0.03 2.25 0.12 0.011 5.82 61 2.82 24.9 10.7 14.2 35.6

 Minimum 1.85 -0.02 0.68 0.028 -0.01 1.32 38.2 1.38 16 6.56 8.68 22.3

 Maximum 4.33 0.1 19.4 0.27 0.079 9.31 82 6.15 32.3 15.7 19.8 76

 Std. dev. 0.648 0.026 3.7 0.066 0.022 1.843 10.03 0.992 4.793 2.997 2.825 17.2

 N obs. 24 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M742.8D Mean 2.94 0.05 2.05 0.12 0.035 6.03 58.6 3.39 24.2 12.9 16.1 51.5

 Median 2.84 0.03 1.86 0.11 0.016 6.33 60.8 2.91 24.9 12.7 15.5 48.3

 Minimum 1.92 -0.02 0.63 0.036 -0.01 2.21 40.9 1.32 15.3 7.12 7.84 22.1

 Maximum 4.4 0.2 4.07 0.24 0.11 9.71 72.8 13.8 31.9 19.8 27.8 99.5

 Std. dev. 0.656 0.043 0.813 0.059 0.032 1.781 9.729 2.362 4.668 3.163 4.119 21.36

 N obs. 23 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M745.2L Mean 3.16 0.06 2.26 0.12 0.043 6.35 58.8 3.27 24 13.3 16.3 52.3

 Median 2.73 0.04 2.08 0.1 0.03 6.11 61.5 2.79 23.7 12.8 15.1 38.4

 Minimum 1.57 -0.02 0.68 0.04 -0.01 2.41 38.1 2.25 15.9 7.6 8.06 22.4

 Maximum 7.79 0.2 4.22 0.29 0.11 9.45 72.6 6.33 31.8 20.1 29.8 97.6

 Std. dev. 1.264 0.049 0.923 0.055 0.029 1.655 9.787 1.049 4.692 3.205 4.522 22.22

 N obs. 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 
E-42

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

M746.9Y Mean 2.53 0.06 1.68 0.12 0.041 6.09 48 3.1 19.9 11.1 12.2 35.3

 Median 2.37 0.04 1.66 0.1 0.031 6.3 45.8 2.76 18.5 10.7 11.3 30.3

 Minimum 1.77 -0.02 -0.01 0.049 -0.01 2.36 29.1 2.16 11 4.87 4.83 17.9

 Maximum 4.14 0.3 3 0.45 0.097 8.6 66.3 6 29.1 19.7 22.8 63.4

 Std. dev. 0.633 0.065 0.722 0.082 0.026 1.601 11.35 0.981 5.277 3.71 5.012 14.28

 N obs. 23 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M747.3R Mean 3.07 0.06 2.38 0.11 0.044 6.41 59.3 3.21 24.2 13.2 16.2 51.7

 Median 2.91 0.04 2.22 0.1 0.031 6.62 60.9 2.88 23.7 13.4 15.7 50.1

 Minimum 1.43 -0.02 0.7 0.039 -0.01 2.36 34.1 2.25 14.2 7.67 10.3 22.7

 Maximum 4.83 0.2 4.51 0.2 0.12 9.63 73.5 6.9 32.1 20.8 30 96.9

 Std. dev. 0.833 0.048 0.96 0.049 0.033 1.703 10.03 0.98 4.768 3.324 4.347 21.02

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M752.8Y Mean 2.95 0.07 2.23 0.12 0.047 6.53 60.8 3.41 25.3 13.9 17.8 57.8

 Median 2.72 0.04 2.19 0.099 0.034 6.6 64.3 3.06 24.9 13.5 15.3 52.1

 Minimum 1.62 -0.02 0.65 0.045 -0.01 2.09 42.2 2.46 14.8 7.26 11 26.3

 Maximum 4.35 0.2 4.2 0.21 0.12 9.82 76.8 7.29 36.2 22.8 37.6 113

 Std. dev. 0.823 0.054 0.897 0.046 0.032 1.872 9.968 1.056 5.354 3.844 6.396 24.68

 N obs. 23 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M752.8Z Mean 2.19 0.07 1.4 0.12 0.039 5.82 41.6 2.81 17.2 9.86 11.4 32.3

 Median 2.13 0.05 1.25 0.1 0.03 5.95 37.3 2.52 16.5 9.27 9.36 30.5

 Minimum 1.49 -0.02 0.57 0.045 -0.01 2.42 23.7 1.65 9.13 4.34 6.12 11.5

 Maximum 3.85 0.6 2.96 0.25 0.1 8.25 64.8 5.91 28.7 19.6 22.4 68.6

 Std. dev. 0.549 0.107 0.596 0.051 0.026 1.473 11.9 0.936 5.168 4.219 4.736 15.23

 N obs. 23 24 24 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M753.1X Mean 2.94 0.07 2.17 0.12 0.044 6.24 60 3.46 24.8 13.7 16.5 59.9

 Median 3.06 0.06 2.11 0.1 0.036 6.14 63.1 2.82 25.1 13.6 16.2 56.2

 Minimum 1.51 -0.02 0.56 0.038 -0.01 0.19 42.2 2.04 15.3 7.2 11.1 25.5

 Maximum 4.53 0.2 4.07 0.23 0.11 10.3 73.5 8.46 33.4 23.5 29.8 107

 Std. dev. 0.781 0.045 0.88 0.047 0.03 2.253 10.02 1.5 5.085 3.742 3.835 26.14

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M757.2Z Mean 2.03 0.06 1.2 0.12 0.04 5.62 37.3 2.9 15.4 8.69 10.8 31.5

 Median 2.03 0.04 1.25 0.09 0.033 6 39.2 2.37 15.8 7.58 8.73 28.6

 Minimum 1.18 -0.02 0.39 0.04 -0.01 2.29 19.7 1.65 7.24 3.79 5.73 9.97

 Maximum 3.61 0.6 1.93 0.48 0.12 7.42 56.3 8.01 25.3 19 22.4 95

 Std. dev. 0.538 0.111 0.499 0.094 0.029 1.345 11.37 1.401 5.029 3.881 4.885 20.18

 N obs. 25 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 
E-43

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 4.77 0.07 2.46 0.12 0.044 6.44 62.6 3.39 25.8 14.4 17.1 60.9

 Median 3.17 0.06 2.43 0.1 0.029 6.42 64 3.18 26.6 14.2 15.4 62.3

 Minimum 1.7 0.02 0.57 0.043 -0.01 2.24 45.7 0.78 16.2 6.35 4.54 13.8

 Maximum 23 0.2 6.81 0.23 0.12 10.9 75.8 7.92 33.9 23.4 36.4 97.7

 Std. dev. 5.454 0.047 1.331 0.046 0.035 1.977 9.785 1.231 4.829 4.568 6.696 24.25

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M766.0I Mean 2.94 0.06 2.34 0.11 0.043 6.45 60.5 3.41 24.8 14.3 17.8 62.7

 Median 2.99 0.05 2.29 0.099 0.032 6.43 62.7 3.27 25.5 13.7 16.1 71.3

 Minimum 1.55 -0.02 0.52 0.036 -0.01 2.6 44.2 2.55 16.4 7.84 11.2 25

 Maximum 4.99 0.2 4.36 0.21 0.16 9.74 74.2 6.75 32.7 27.3 35.3 104

 Std. dev. 0.86 0.048 1.072 0.042 0.04 1.79 9.246 0.86 4.555 4.404 5.392 24.94

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M771.2P Mean 3.02 0.08 2.35 0.13 0.045 6.61 61.4 3.22 25.2 14.3 17.5 63

 Median 2.86 0.07 2.27 0.13 0.034 6.67 63 3.06 26.7 13.7 16.3 63.4

 Minimum 1.62 -0.02 0.49 0.057 -0.01 2.56 44 2.31 16.6 6.99 12.9 28.8

 Maximum 4.83 0.2 4.22 0.35 0.16 10.4 77 5.85 32.3 22.6 26 100

 Std. dev. 0.818 0.062 0.95 0.065 0.038 1.858 10.62 0.815 4.975 4.019 3.86 23.74

 N obs. 25 25 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M775.6Q Mean 3.16 0.1 2.31 0.14 0.044 6.78 61.6 3.33 25.2 14.4 17.1 61.4

 Median 2.94 0.07 2.16 0.13 0.047 6.77 63.4 3.12 26.5 14 16.3 66

 Minimum 1.56 -0.02 0.45 0.064 -0.01 2.52 45 2.13 17 7.51 10.8 29.5

 Maximum 6.53 0.3 5 0.25 0.1 10.2 75 5.25 32.4 22.6 24.7 103

 Std. dev. 1.099 0.084 1.061 0.054 0.027 1.995 9.667 0.701 4.492 3.93 3.824 22.82

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M781.2O Mean 3.01 0.09 2.25 0.13 0.044 6.73 61.1 3.3 25 14.6 18.3 59.9

 Median 2.93 0.06 2.15 0.13 0.046 6.69 62.3 3.15 25.9 14.1 15.9 56.9

 Minimum 1.65 -0.02 0.48 0.067 -0.01 3.13 44.5 1.77 16.4 7.86 10.1 24.6

 Maximum 4.98 0.3 4.37 0.21 0.086 9.8 74.9 6.99 31.8 27.1 35.9 104

 Std. dev. 0.856 0.074 0.945 0.048 0.024 1.696 8.911 1.015 4.071 4.677 6.145 20.89

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M786.2C Mean 3.24 0.1 2.47 0.2 0.045 6.43 59.5 3.27 24.4 13.5 17.1 61.6

 Median 3.13 0.07 2.23 0.14 0.041 6.7 62.8 2.97 25.3 12.2 15.8 56.4

 Minimum 1.78 0.03 0.54 0.078 -0.01 0.088 -0.01 1.32 -0.01 1.51 10.8 25.3

 Maximum 5.16 0.6 4.56 1.25 0.089 9.75 74.5 7.44 32.8 22.3 24.9 104

 Std. dev. 0.857 0.114 0.951 0.232 0.026 2.197 15.74 1.154 6.908 4.64 4.085 21.87

 N obs. 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 
E-44

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1995 Near-surface measurements: 

M786.5D Mean 3.16 0.09 2.18 0.14 0.041 6.34 55.9 3.09 23.1 12.9 15.8 53.4

 Median 2.88 0.07 2.08 0.12 0.04 6.54 56.9 2.91 22.4 13.2 14 49.2

 Minimum 1.86 0.02 0.53 0.049 -0.01 -0.05 6.92 2.13 2.79 1.18 9.65 -0

 Maximum 7.3 0.3 4.41 0.26 0.067 9.24 73.5 5.58 32.8 22.7 24.1 103

 Std. dev. 1.135 0.073 0.902 0.059 0.02 2.126 13.56 0.762 6.103 4.925 4.148 25.2

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M796.9M Mean 3.26 0.1 2.51 0.15 0.047 6.72 62.1 3.46 25.6 15.1 18 65.5

 Median 3.11 0.07 2.2 0.13 0.055 6.7 64.6 3.24 26 14.3 16.2 71.8

 Minimum 2.03 0.03 0.49 0.057 -0.01 3.25 39.5 2.55 14.8 8.33 8.88 21.5

 Maximum 5.82 0.6 4.73 0.3 0.097 9.85 77.2 7.11 34.9 33.1 46.2 126

 Std. dev. 0.976 0.12 1.153 0.069 0.026 1.846 10.05 1.003 5.03 5.526 6.931 26.14

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M796.9N Mean 2.94 0.09 2.12 0.14 0.042 6.66 57.2 3.33 23.4 14.2 16.6 56.4

 Median 2.74 0.06 2.02 0.14 0.047 6.63 58.6 3.06 23.4 12.8 13.9 55.5

 Minimum 1.61 0.03 0.53 0.059 -0.01 3.04 36.7 2.25 13.2 6.41 11 19.2

 Maximum 4.52 0.2 4.25 0.25 0.08 9.23 71.8 8.13 32.3 36.7 46.7 104

 Std. dev. 0.706 0.062 0.864 0.062 0.023 1.555 8.983 1.172 4.188 6.761 7.447 20.81

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

VM00.1M Mean 3.8 0.09 2.91 0.19 0.053 7.18 67.2 3.47 27.4 15.7 22.3 60.1

 Median 3.81 0.04 2.77 0.15 0.052 7.58 71.4 3.06 29.6 15.4 21.3 64.7

 Minimum 2.33 -0.02 0.7 0.045 -0.01 1.93 7.25 2.07 2.89 1.72 15 24

 Maximum 5.82 0.7 4.95 0.34 0.11 11.6 85.7 7.29 37.3 25.8 30.8 108

 Std. dev. 0.811 0.133 1.064 0.086 0.03 2.361 15.5 1.209 6.657 4.771 4.431 26.14

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

WW01.3M Mean 3.94 0.04 3.72 0.089 0.014 6.51 72.8 1.99 27.6 6.31 11.9 18.2

 Median 3.78 0.04 3.81 0.062 0.011 6.57 71.8 1.77 27.2 6.06 11.9 14.8

 Minimum 3.4 -0.02 1.16 0.038 -0.01 4.96 40.6 1.05 16.9 3.61 9.32 12.3

 Maximum 5.26 0.08 4.74 0.38 0.072 7.92 87.1 4.95 33.7 10.6 19.9 108

 Std. dev. 0.475 0.017 0.688 0.072 0.014 0.848 8.387 0.857 3.533 1.529 1.961 18.65

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

ZM00.1M Mean 4.91 0.03 4.5 0.11 0.012 5.31 76.6 2.35 27.6 12.3 21.5 21

 Median 4.57 0.02 4.27 0.071 -0.01 5.21 74.9 2.16 27.5 12.2 21.5 21.3

 Minimum 2.34 -0.02 2.06 0.02 -0.01 2.11 62.4 1.44 20.3 7.21 7.16 14.7

 Maximum 9.2 0.3 8.12 0.38 0.055 7.41 100 5.4 36.2 18.7 29.6 26.3

 Std. dev. 1.671 0.054 1.653 0.084 0.011 1.13 9.226 0.926 3.862 3.152 4.617 2.572

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 
E-45

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1995 Near-bottom measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 3.08 0.09 2.28 0.13 0.05 6.73 62.7 3.38 26 13.9 17 63

 Median 2.96 0.07 2.19 0.11 0.04 6.89 65.2 2.94 27.3 13.4 15.8 56

 Minimum 1.55 0.03 0.67 0.059 -0.01 2.47 45.5 2.31 16.7 8.38 1.22 5.97

 Maximum 4.45 0.3 4.03 0.28 0.12 10.7 78.3 6.36 34.2 22.5 35.6 104

 Std. dev. 0.818 0.071 0.926 0.055 0.034 1.835 10.73 0.935 5.142 3.527 6.428 27.43

 N obs. 24 23 23 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 24 24

 

M766.0I Mean 3.13 0.1 2.15 0.13 0.051 6.64 62.5 3.55 25.6 14.3 17.8 63.4

 Median 3.18 0.07 2.18 0.12 0.052 6.74 64.2 3.27 27.1 13.7 16 61

 Minimum 1.57 -0.02 -0.01 0.059 -0.01 2.65 44.6 2.7 16.7 8.05 10.9 25.8

 Maximum 4.36 0.3 4.05 0.28 0.12 10.5 75 8.76 34.1 23.6 34.7 106

 Std. dev. 0.806 0.071 0.992 0.059 0.029 1.784 9.528 1.233 4.605 4.186 5.344 24.52

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 25 24 24

 

M771.2P Mean 3.85 0.1 2.28 0.14 0.055 6.74 62.2 3.42 25.5 14.5 16.5 55.3

 Median 3.06 0.09 2.18 0.12 0.053 6.76 63.7 3.15 26.6 13.9 15.6 48.6

 Minimum 1.63 0.03 0.48 0.065 -0.01 2.77 41.3 1.95 17.2 6.85 8.44 -0

 Maximum 12.2 0.4 3.97 0.44 0.12 10.5 75.8 7.47 33.8 23.8 30.9 100

 Std. dev. 2.265 0.086 0.913 0.079 0.033 1.885 10.25 1.062 4.895 4.493 5.962 26.06

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M775.6Q Mean 3.14 0.1 2.25 0.15 0.051 6.7 62.4 3.49 25.4 14.3 17 59.4

 Median 3 0.1 2.15 0.13 0.043 6.79 63.3 3.33 26.4 13.9 16 51.6

 Minimum 1.66 0.02 0.45 0.057 -0.01 2.98 44.7 2.46 16.6 7.32 8.63 24

 Maximum 4.97 0.8 4.11 0.37 0.14 10.1 74.1 6.6 32.3 22.9 28.5 96.3

 Std. dev. 0.878 0.171 0.963 0.073 0.033 1.628 9.217 0.901 4.237 3.982 4.993 21.94

 N obs. 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M781.2O Mean 3.11 0.1 2.29 0.16 0.047 6.62 62.3 3.35 25.5 14.6 17.4 58.6

 Median 2.87 0.1 2.09 0.13 0.043 6.72 63.1 3.09 25.7 14.5 16.1 58.7

 Minimum 1.83 0.03 0.48 0.08 -0.01 0.075 42.3 0.96 15.7 7.76 7.14 -0

 Maximum 5.22 0.4 4.34 0.32 0.1 10 78.1 7.23 33.3 29.3 30.2 105

 Std. dev. 0.924 0.095 1.032 0.076 0.028 2.261 9.868 1.079 4.605 4.955 5.403 25.1

 N obs. 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 
E-46

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

CH00.1M Mean 1.26 0.1 0.69 0.086 0.029 5.11 15.2 2.05 6.24 2.39 5.04 4.44

 Median 1.14 0.04 0.52 0.076 0.019 5.37 15.3 1.89 5.96 2.01 4.86 4.02

 Minimum 0.56 -0.02 0.25 0.02 -0.01 2.57 7.27 0.96 2.79 -0.01 1.74 1.67

 Maximum 2.26 0.6 1.58 0.2 0.15 7.88 24.6 5.49 11.2 6.09 8.73 6.95

 Std. dev. 0.445 0.136 0.403 0.04 0.03 1.442 5.017 0.908 2.286 1.552 1.547 1.39

 N obs. 24 20 24 18 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

CN00.1M Mean 3.77 0.2 3.01 0.21 0.045 6.29 74.7 4.37 25.7 10.5 23.2 26.8

 Median 3.47 0.05 2.54 0.16 0.024 6.47 74.7 4.23 26.7 9.63 23 24.4

 Minimum 1.78 -0.02 0.83 0.076 -0.01 0.7 43.7 2.67 15.7 0.073 10.7 15.2

 Maximum 7.06 1.3 6.58 1.12 0.36 9.59 103 8.7 34 22.1 34.4 40.5

 Std. dev. 1.535 0.287 1.409 0.229 0.072 2.258 16.42 1.154 5.996 4.669 5.817 6.58

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M738.2F Mean 2.28 0.1 1.48 0.13 0.042 5.46 47.6 3.6 18.5 9.24 15.4 32.5

 Median 2.22 0.06 1.17 0.1 0.037 5.64 46.2 3.51 17.1 9.28 16.1 30.3

 Minimum 0.88 -0.02 0.35 0.078 -0.01 2.3 25.9 2.34 9.36 1.92 10.1 18.5

 Maximum 5.11 0.5 4.13 0.42 0.19 7.65 75.8 5.85 30.1 14.1 21.9 53

 Std. dev. 1.001 0.139 0.916 0.079 0.04 1.446 12.13 0.954 5.297 3.012 2.909 10.54

 N obs. 23 19 23 18 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M742.6B Mean 2.83 0.1 1.37 0.18 0.026 4.9 50.2 3.44 20 8.86 14.2 27.8

 Median 2.36 0.04 1 0.13 0.015 5.09 49.6 3.06 19.2 8.89 14.4 27.9

 Minimum 0.56 -0.02 0.095 0.072 -0.01 1.67 25.6 1.62 9.75 3.12 8.72 9.57

 Maximum 18.1 0.8 3.63 0.8 0.24 7.92 72 8.34 29.6 14.8 23.8 57.1

 Std. dev. 3.437 0.179 1.019 0.173 0.048 1.67 12.05 1.311 5.345 2.829 4.051 10.3

 N obs. 23 19 23 18 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M742.8D Mean 2.23 0.1 1.39 0.14 0.049 5.16 47.5 3.55 18.5 9.05 15 31.1

 Median 2.12 0.07 1.38 0.12 0.026 5.3 47.3 3.42 17.2 9.02 15.8 29

 Minimum 0.34 -0.02 -0.01 0.074 -0.01 1.52 22.7 2.37 8.46 4 8.01 16.5

 Maximum 4.82 0.5 3.83 0.3 0.27 8.56 74 6.39 30.5 13.5 27.2 57.4

 Std. dev. 1.032 0.131 0.972 0.066 0.072 1.668 13.27 1.028 5.726 2.799 4.653 10.82

 N obs. 22 19 23 18 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M745.2L Mean 2.27 0.1 1.58 0.16 0.036 5.5 46 3.55 18.8 9.74 14.5 30

 Median 2.38 0.06 1.26 0.11 0.031 5.62 45.1 3.45 17.3 9.62 15.4 28.8

 Minimum 0.83 -0.02 0.33 0.069 -0.01 2.21 0.075 2.01 9.45 5.23 6.77 14.4

 Maximum 5.12 0.5 4.78 0.35 0.097 8.15 75.9 5.64 30 16.8 22.1 53

 Std. dev. 1.055 0.134 1.013 0.1 0.027 1.523 16.49 0.95 5.753 2.913 3.898 9.172

 N obs. 23 19 23 18 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 
E-47

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

M746.9Y Mean 1.85 0.1 1.09 0.097 0.033 5.42 35.5 2.99 13.9 7.19 12.2 25.2

 Median 1.87 0.05 0.79 0.091 0.028 5.43 34.7 2.94 13.5 6.35 12.2 23.7

 Minimum 0.74 -0.02 -0.01 0.045 -0.01 2.59 12.7 1.35 4.57 1.64 4.26 6.58

 Maximum 3.07 0.5 2.37 0.17 0.079 8.19 60.8 4.83 25.8 12.4 17.8 49.5

 Std. dev. 0.654 0.13 0.676 0.031 0.02 1.445 11.91 0.822 5.483 2.925 3.087 8.921

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M747.3R Mean 2.5 0.1 1.66 0.16 0.038 5.68 48.4 3.53 18.7 9.44 15.3 32.1

 Median 2.55 0.07 1.41 0.11 0.031 6.02 48.7 3.33 17.5 9.5 16 30.7

 Minimum 0.89 -0.02 0.34 0.055 -0.01 2.43 24 2.4 9.28 4.95 10.1 19.2

 Maximum 5.37 0.5 4.86 0.54 0.15 7.91 78.4 6.06 30.3 14.3 21.4 51.8

 Std. dev. 1.127 0.137 1.066 0.124 0.032 1.463 13.64 0.92 5.733 2.549 2.859 9.932

 N obs. 23 19 23 18 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M752.8Y Mean 2.22 0.1 1.45 0.13 0.047 5.67 50 3.69 19.7 10.2 16 36.5

 Median 2.11 0.1 1.15 0.1 0.038 5.91 49.9 3.51 19 10.8 16.4 35.7

 Minimum 1.03 -0.02 0.32 0.059 -0.01 2.36 25 2.34 9.48 5.72 8.65 24

 Maximum 5.25 0.5 5.12 0.31 0.13 8 80.4 6.12 34.2 15.5 25.7 55.6

 Std. dev. 0.96 0.146 1.044 0.066 0.034 1.571 13.75 0.985 6.163 2.706 3.864 9.861

 N obs. 23 19 23 17 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M752.8Z Mean 1.74 0.1 1.01 0.11 0.033 5.18 30.6 2.85 12.3 5.82 10.2 19.7

 Median 1.76 0.06 0.81 0.1 0.028 5.23 29 2.67 11.8 6.1 10.6 19.2

 Minimum 0.71 -0.02 0.26 0.075 -0.01 2.64 8.96 1.77 3.44 -0.01 3.96 4.54

 Maximum 2.66 0.6 1.9 0.2 0.075 7.37 50.1 5.19 21.2 10.7 15.5 41.8

 Std. dev. 0.597 0.14 0.538 0.04 0.019 1.34 11.3 0.75 5.011 2.951 3.182 8.713

 N obs. 23 19 23 17 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M753.1X Mean 2.23 0.1 1.52 0.12 0.041 5.71 49.9 3.73 19.6 10.5 16.3 37.1

 Median 2.02 0.08 1.34 0.11 0.034 5.83 47 3.69 18 10.6 18 31.1

 Minimum 0.85 -0.02 0.077 0.059 -0.01 2.33 25.8 2.25 10.1 4.97 8.8 23.4

 Maximum 5.19 0.5 5 0.39 0.13 7.77 82 5.73 34.1 15.9 22.1 69.6

 Std. dev. 0.967 0.143 1.047 0.072 0.03 1.387 13.43 0.87 5.837 3.262 3.639 12.29

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M757.2Z Mean 1.58 0.1 0.82 0.11 0.026 4.98 28.1 2.68 11.1 5.31 9.33 17.4

 Median 1.41 0.04 0.75 0.088 0.027 5.05 29.4 2.52 11.3 4.75 9.28 15.3

 Minimum 0.73 -0.02 0.044 0.048 -0.01 2.67 7.14 1.74 2.75 -0.01 3.03 3.54

 Maximum 3.16 0.5 1.73 0.47 0.052 7.47 45.5 5.43 19.3 9.42 15.4 40.6

 Std. dev. 0.651 0.128 0.566 0.091 0.014 1.302 10.14 0.75 4.445 2.587 3.225 9.033

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 
E-48

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 2.66 0.2 1.58 0.13 0.047 5.98 51.6 3.82 20.1 10.8 17.4 41.9

 Median 2.42 0.09 1.14 0.11 0.043 6.1 51.5 3.66 19.1 11.6 18 38.3

 Minimum 1.1 -0.02 0.36 0.066 -0.01 2.35 28.7 1.47 11.3 5.92 9.05 18.6

 Maximum 7.63 0.6 5.3 0.35 0.13 8.97 70 6.09 29.3 17.9 22.8 87

 Std. dev. 1.47 0.144 1.073 0.068 0.035 1.761 11.23 0.99 4.991 3.312 3.987 16.01

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M766.0I Mean 2.29 0.2 1.56 0.12 0.042 5.93 52.7 3.74 20.5 11.2 16.9 39.7

 Median 2.21 0.1 1.14 0.12 0.03 6.13 51.4 3.69 19.7 10.7 17.9 35.9

 Minimum 1.02 -0.02 0.36 0.052 -0.01 2.69 28.5 2.64 10.9 5.09 5.88 21.9

 Maximum 5.55 0.5 5.23 0.2 0.11 8.99 71 5.55 29.8 17.5 22.3 84.8

 Std. dev. 1.076 0.134 1.052 0.043 0.028 1.63 12.09 0.794 5.51 3.65 4.19 15.29

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M771.2P Mean 2.62 0.2 1.56 0.13 0.044 5.9 49.4 3.71 19.1 10.9 17.5 37.4

 Median 2.35 0.1 1.33 0.12 0.033 5.89 52.2 3.78 18.9 9.6 16.9 32

 Minimum 1.03 -0.02 0.4 0.074 -0.01 2.48 6.55 2.22 2.67 1.57 4.91 18.4

 Maximum 8.29 0.4 4.66 0.23 0.18 8.75 77.4 5.55 30.5 39.1 43.7 62.7

 Std. dev. 1.514 0.12 0.931 0.037 0.039 1.579 15.96 0.771 6.758 6.992 7.034 11.58

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M775.6Q Mean 2.43 0.2 1.53 0.12 0.037 5.88 51.8 3.69 20.1 12 18.5 38.2

 Median 2.6 0.1 1.6 0.11 0.03 5.96 50.6 3.72 18.8 11.5 17.8 35.3

 Minimum 1.13 0.02 0.49 0.046 -0.01 2.39 25.1 2.43 9.05 5.05 5.79 17.4

 Maximum 5.75 0.4 3.89 0.25 0.089 8.33 74.2 6.18 30.6 24.6 37.2 63.6

 Std. dev. 0.977 0.124 0.792 0.044 0.024 1.572 12.82 0.777 5.473 4.902 6.625 13.02

 N obs. 25 21 25 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M781.2O Mean 2.5 0.1 1.49 0.14 0.039 5.97 51.3 3.64 19.9 11 16.6 37.8

 Median 2.34 0.1 1.47 0.12 0.026 6.18 50.1 3.45 18.6 9.98 16.8 33.6

 Minimum 1.13 -0.02 0.56 0.083 -0.01 2.55 25.1 2.07 9.11 3.83 2.46 3.45

 Maximum 7.8 0.3 3.61 0.37 0.1 8.66 78.3 6.18 32 18.2 24.4 85.3

 Std. dev. 1.382 0.104 0.748 0.07 0.029 1.584 14.24 0.934 6.238 3.834 4.833 16.98

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M786.2C Mean 2.48 0.2 1.53 0.15 0.035 5.85 53.1 3.79 20.6 12.2 19.3 42.2

 Median 2.65 0.08 1.48 0.14 0.028 6.06 49.4 3.78 18.9 10.6 17.6 36

 Minimum 1.34 -0.02 0.66 0.091 -0.01 2.51 25.3 2.16 9.26 4.9 12.5 24.3

 Maximum 4.67 0.6 3.57 0.32 0.1 8.14 82.8 6.18 34.7 23.8 35.7 90

 Std. dev. 0.847 0.164 0.725 0.058 0.025 1.511 15.36 1.023 6.807 4.895 5.085 15.89

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 
E-49

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: 

M786.5D Mean 2.42 0.2 1.44 0.14 0.033 5.83 51 3.76 20.1 11.6 17.3 39.5

 Median 2.5 0.08 1.44 0.12 0.024 6.01 48.8 3.78 17.9 11 16.2 34.3

 Minimum 1.24 -0.02 0.44 0.086 -0.01 2.84 25.8 2.19 9.37 3.63 6.14 16.3

 Maximum 3.98 0.5 3.21 0.29 0.098 8.43 77.6 6.09 32.4 21.9 32 89

 Std. dev. 0.731 0.139 0.695 0.051 0.026 1.439 14.85 0.87 6.665 4.52 5.604 17.17

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M796.9M Mean 2.6 0.2 1.55 0.15 0.039 5.8 54.4 3.97 21.4 12.7 19.2 42.1

 Median 2.39 0.08 1.43 0.14 0.033 6.12 50.1 3.96 18.9 11.8 18.2 35.2

 Minimum 1.28 -0.02 0.65 0.1 -0.01 2.6 25.9 2.19 9.46 5.42 8.39 24.4

 Maximum 5.62 0.5 4.01 0.32 0.099 8.69 89.6 6.15 36.4 30.1 44.6 72.2

 Std. dev. 1.1 0.138 0.816 0.057 0.028 1.632 16.93 0.925 7.604 5.345 6.958 14.9

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

M796.9N Mean 2.28 0.2 1.38 0.15 0.033 5.83 49.3 3.67 19.3 11.6 17.3 38.3

 Median 2.37 0.09 1.4 0.12 0.024 5.6 46 3.66 17.9 10.7 16.3 32.1

 Minimum 1.46 -0.02 0.47 0.037 -0.01 2.91 22.4 2.55 8.06 2.72 4.51 12.7

 Maximum 3.24 0.4 2.36 0.57 0.094 8.48 73.6 5.19 30.2 29.4 45.6 87.2

 Std. dev. 0.593 0.125 0.589 0.112 0.023 1.434 15.02 0.706 6.62 5.485 7.3 16.91

 N obs. 24 20 24 18 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

VM00.1M Mean 3.23 0.2 2.24 0.22 0.061 6.52 60.3 4.06 22.6 13.7 23.2 39.4

 Median 3.06 0.06 2.1 0.17 0.029 6.64 56.2 3.57 21.8 13.6 22.9 35.1

 Minimum 1.47 -0.02 0.62 0.094 -0.01 2.1 31.6 2.07 0.15 0.87 11 15.3

 Maximum 5.65 1.6 4.76 0.8 0.56 9.51 94.9 10.7 37.8 23 37.1 93

 Std. dev. 1.09 0.35 1.03 0.162 0.11 1.931 14.36 1.741 7.659 5.103 6.527 20.05

 N obs. 24 20 24 18 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 

WW01.3M Mean 3.8 0.08 3.55 0.16 0.018 5.93 69.9 2.51 25.9 4.41 11.9 12.1

 Median 3.42 0.04 3.44 0.083 -0.01 6.11 73.2 2.19 26.6 4.54 11.9 11.7

 Minimum 1.64 -0.02 2.55 0.05 -0.01 1.61 41.7 1.56 15.9 -0.01 6.55 5.7

 Maximum 6.32 0.6 5.42 0.78 0.13 8.31 90.4 6.69 33.4 7.4 15.5 16.3

 Std. dev. 1.168 0.138 0.747 0.18 0.026 1.469 12.71 1.15 5.152 1.486 1.691 2.051

 N obs. 22 19 22 17 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

ZM00.1M Mean 3.94 0.08 3.69 0.19 0.02 4.89 73.4 3.2 25.6 10.9 21.4 16.8

 Median 3.78 0.03 3.34 0.076 -0.01 5.18 73.1 2.97 25.9 10.9 22 16.8

 Minimum 1.11 -0.02 1.45 0.024 -0.01 2.01 34.7 1.98 10.5 4.95 2.84 1.96

 Maximum 8.04 0.7 6.46 1.09 0.15 7.5 147 6.48 54.2 16.4 32.7 29.7

 Std. dev. 1.885 0.156 1.364 0.314 0.036 1.464 22.17 1.003 8.408 4.062 7.351 5.428

 N obs. 23 19 22 17 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 
E-50

Table E-2. Continued.

Sampling Total Ammonium Nitrate–nitrite phosphorus reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

location Statistic nitrogen (N (N mg/L) (N mg/L) (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

mg/L)

Total Soluble

1996 Near-bottom measurements: 

M764.3A Mean 2.44 0.2 1.66 0.13 0.046 5.87 54.1 3.91 21 10.8 17.6 41.5

 Median 2.26 0.1 1.53 0.11 0.035 6.02 53.7 3.9 20.4 10.8 17.9 37.4

 Minimum 1 -0.02 0.38 0.068 -0.01 2.32 30.8 2.52 12.1 6.09 9.86 27.2

 Maximum 6.19 1.4 5.31 0.39 0.18 8.97 74.6 6.06 31.1 16.9 23.6 62.3

 Std. dev. 1.174 0.317 1.103 0.084 0.04 1.77 12.23 0.928 5.595 3.276 3.588 11.4

 N obs. 23 19 23 19 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M766.0I Mean 2.5 0.2 1.59 0.13 0.039 5.88 53 3.79 20.7 11 16.9 41.3

 Median 2.48 0.1 1.42 0.12 0.034 6.07 52.3 3.72 19.6 10.9 17.6 38.4

 Minimum 1.09 -0.02 0.35 0.059 -0.01 2.34 28.1 2.61 11.1 6.18 9.14 25.3

 Maximum 5.62 1.2 5.18 0.26 0.13 8.64 71.6 5.88 29.6 15.7 25.8 84.3

 Std. dev. 1.187 0.257 1.067 0.05 0.03 1.602 12.73 0.801 5.824 3.232 4.402 14.82

 N obs. 23 19 23 19 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M771.2P Mean 2.4 0.2 1.55 0.13 0.046 5.92 54.1 3.98 21.1 12 18.7 40

 Median 2.38 0.2 1.35 0.12 0.036 5.95 54.7 3.9 19.6 11.8 18.9 37.1

 Minimum 1.16 0.03 0.35 0.039 -0.01 2.73 28.7 2.73 10.4 5.64 0.13 -0

 Maximum 5.26 0.5 4.63 0.27 0.18 9.01 84 6.27 33.6 37.1 49.8 64.4

 Std. dev. 0.899 0.115 0.98 0.054 0.039 1.865 14.51 0.859 6.458 6.325 8.619 15.09

 N obs. 23 19 23 19 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

 

M775.6Q Mean 2.4 0.2 1.56 0.15 0.037 6.25 54 3.8 20.9 11.8 18.4 40

 Median 2.62 0.2 1.64 0.11 0.032 6.48 51 3.81 19.2 11.7 18.8 35.5

 Minimum 1.3 0.04 0.45 0.06 -0.01 2.38 31.3 2.43 12.2 5.44 7.73 25.4

 Maximum 5.13 0.4 4.68 0.5 0.093 9.1 82.4 5.88 32.1 27.2 30.8 88.9

 Std. dev. 0.881 0.1 0.912 0.093 0.025 1.674 13.73 0.819 6.025 4.492 5.29 15.17

 N obs. 25 21 25 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

 

M781.2O Mean 2.36 0.2 1.56 0.15 0.036 6.09 52.3 3.83 20.3 11.4 17.7 38.6

 Median 2.4 0.1 1.66 0.13 0.03 6.16 49.5 3.75 18.4 10.8 17.2 34.4

 Minimum 1.13 -0.02 0.61 0.083 -0.01 2.68 25.8 2.55 9.37 4.2 8.6 -0

 Maximum 4.37 0.5 3.59 0.34 0.079 8.97 81.4 5.58 32.2 21.3 26 80

 Std. dev. 0.834 0.129 0.749 0.068 0.023 1.644 14.67 0.734 6.523 4.181 4.683 18.69

 N obs. 24 20 24 19 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

 
E-51

Figure E-1a. Monthly means of temperature ( C), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), oxygen saturation (%), pH, specific

o

conductivity (μS), turbidity (NTU), and Secchi transparency (cm) at sites in upper and lower Pool 4 from 1993 through

1996.
E-52

Figure E-1b. Monthly means of temperature ( C), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), oxygen saturation (%), pH, specific

o

conductivity (μS), and turbidity (NTU) in the Cannon River from 1993 through 1996.
E-53

Figure E-1c. Monthly means of temperature ( C), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), oxygen saturation (%), pH, specific

o

conductivity (μS), and turbidity (NTU) in the Chippewa River from 1993 through 1996.
E-54

Figure E-1d. Monthly means of temperature ( C), dissolved oxygen (mg/L), oxygen saturation (%), pH, specific

o

conductivity (μS), and turbidity (NTU) in the Zumbro River from 1993 through 1996.
E-55

Figure E-2a. Monthly means of total nitrogen (mg/L), nitrate–nitrite nitrogen (mg/L), ammonium nitrogen (mg/L), silicate

silicon (mg/L), total phosphorus (mg/L), soluble reactive phosphorus (mg/L), total suspended solids (mg/L), and

chlorophyll a (μg/L) in upper and lower Pool 4 from 1993 through 1996.
E-56

Figure E-2b. Monthly means of total nitrogen (mg/L), nitrate–nitrite nitrogen(mg/L), ammonium nitrogen (mg/L), silicate

silicon (mg/L), total phosphorus (mg/L), soluble reactive phosphorus (mg/L), total suspended solids (mg/L), and

chlorophyll a (μg/L) in the Cannon River from 1993 through 1996.
E-57

Figure E-2c. Monthly means of total nitrogen (mg/L), nitrate–nitrite nitrogen(mg/L), ammonium nitrogen (mg/L), silicate

silicon (mg/L), total phosphorus (mg/L), soluble reactive phosphorus (mg/L), total suspended solids (mg/L), and

chlorophyll a (μg/L) in the Chippewa River from 1993 through 1996.
E-58

Figure E-2d. Monthly means of total nitrogen (mg/L), nitrate–nitrite nitrogen(mg/L), ammonium nitrogen (mg/L), silicate

silicon (mg/L), total phosphorus (mg/L), soluble reactive phosphorus (mg/L), total suspended solids (mg/L), and

chlorophyll a (μg/L) in the Zumbro River from 1993 through 1996.
F-1

Appendix F. Stratified Random Sampling Data: 1993–1996

In Appendix F, we summarize data from stratified random sampling (SRS) in both tabular and graphic

forms. The tables contain summary statistics for each SRS episode and stratum divided into two parameter

groups: (1) physical and biological measurements (Table F-1), and (2) chemical data (major plant nutrients;

Table F-2). Within each parameter group, the data are divided by sampling depth into three groups (surface,

middepth, and bottom). Chemical measurements are typically collected only at the surface and near bottom.

The majority of all measurement are in the near-surface category and most episodes do not have chemical

data from other depths. Refer to Appendix A for maps and descriptions of the individual sampling strata and

episodes.

The figures (F-1–F-13) are box-whisker diagrams that connect the medians for each sampling episode

from spring 1993 (Sp93) through fall 1996. The 10th and 90th percentiles for each episode are indicated by

the lower and upper limits of the box. Vertical lines extend above and below each box to the minimum and

maximum observed value or to the limits of the plotting axis.

Data that have been flagged as questionable in the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program database

because of recorder error, instrument malfunction, sample damage, contamination, improper handling,

analytical error, or other difficulties are excluded from this summary. Values that are below detection are

indicated by the detection limit preceded by a negative sign. Below-detection values are included in the

determination of minima, maxima, and medians, but in the calculation of means and standard deviations, values

below detection have been replaced by a value equal to half the detection limit. The Secchi transparency data

in thisreport do not include observations where Secchi transparency exceeded the water column depth. High

transparency conditions are thus underrepresented.
F-2

Table F-1. Summaries of physical–biological measurements during each stratified random sampling episode from 1993 through 1996. Data are grouped into three

sampling-depth categories: near-surface (less than or equal to 0.2 m below the surface), middepth, and near-bottom (less than or equal to 0.2 m above the substrate).

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: summer

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 4.56 — — — — — 23.2 6.84 81 529 8.1 59.8 19 24.5 6.6 11.1 7.24

 Median 0.2 4.3 — — — — — 23.2 6.8 80 541 8.1 61.5 16 15.3 5.9 9.98 6.33

 Minimum 0.2 0.6 — — — — — 22.8 6.3 74 422 7.9 37 7 8.8 3.7 7.07 4.48

 Maximum 0.2 9.8 — — — — — 23.8 7.7 91 564 8.1 86 33 49.6 11.2 16.4 14.8

 Std. dev. 0 2.44 — — — — — 0.29 0.3 3.84 34.9 0.06 15 7.83 14.2 2.58 4.76 2.59

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 3 25

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.34 0.05 — — — — 23.4 7.16 85 487 8.1 54 20 28 7.3 11.7 11.6

 Median 0.2 2.45 0.05 — — — — 23.3 6.9 82 527 8 55 19 24.7 6.2 12.7 8.2

 Minimum 0.2 0.5 0.05 — — — — 22.8 6.3 74 216 7.6 37 5 12.7 4.7 5.99 4.97

 Maximum 0.2 5.6 0.05 — — — — 24.4 15 181 555 9 70 31 50 11.9 16.4 96.7

 Std. dev. 0 1.22 — — — — — 0.39 1.53 18.8 89.7 0.22 10.4 6.37 13.1 2.56 5.27 16.5

 N obs. 30 30 1 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 29 30 29 29 3 29

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.52 0.21 — — — — 23.5 7.96 95 450 8.1 55 18 23.4 7.6 13.1 22.2

 Median 0.2 1.5 0.17 — — — — 23.3 7.1 84 479 8.1 54 17 20.6 6.9 9.06 9.17

 Minimum 0.2 0.4 0 — — — — 22.1 2.8 33 252 7.3 35 10 11.5 2.9 7.48 1.39

 Maximum 0.2 3.5 0.62 — — — — 26 19.9 248 564 9.4 87 36 111 24.4 26.8 187

 Std. dev. 0 0.74 0.17 — — — — 0.87 3.22 40.8 103 0.38 9.73 4.42 14.1 3.79 9.21 38.8

 N obs. 50 50 50 0 0 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 47 50 50 50 4 50

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 7.16 0.07 — — — — 24.8 7.98 97 552 8.2 59.2 14 13.8 6.2 15.6 14.4

 Median 0.2 7.7 0.06 — — — — 24.2 7.45 89 554 8.2 58 15 13.1 6.4 14.4 12.5

 Minimum 0.2 2.2 0.04 — — — — 23 6.3 75 530 8.1 42 6 7.8 3.5 8.73 4.64

 Maximum 0.2 11 0.12 — — — — 27.9 10.5 130 566 8.4 80 21 20.7 8.2 23.7 32.9

 Std. dev. 0 2.65 0.02 — — — — 1.45 1.28 18.3 9.94 0.1 11.6 4.03 3.25 1.29 7.56 7.4

 N obs. 30 30 21 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 3 30

 

 

1993 Near-bottom measurements: summer

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.5 0.7 — — — — — 23.7 11.2 134 — — — — — — — —

 Median 0.5 0.7 — — — — — 23.7 11.2 134 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.5 0.7 — — — — — 23.2 7.4 87 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 0.5 0.7 — — — — — 24.2 15 180 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0 0 — — — — — 0.71 5.37 65.8 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 2 2 0 — — — — 2 2 2 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-3

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-bottom measurements: summer

3. Backwater Mean 1.34 1.54 — — — — — 23.2 7.19 85 — — — — — — — —

 Median 1.3 1.5 — — — — — 23.2 7 82 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.3 0.5 — — — — — 21.2 2.7 32 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.3 3.5 — — — — — 26 19.9 248 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.73 0.73 — — — — — 0.76 2.47 31 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 49 49 0 — — — — 49 47 47 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 6.96 7.16 — — — — — 23.3 6.1 72 — — — — — — — —

 Median 7.5 7.7 — — — — — 23.2 6.2 73 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2 2.2 — — — — — 22.8 5 58 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 10.8 11 — — — — — 23.9 6.8 81 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.65 2.65 — — — — — 0.33 0.44 5.33 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1993 Near-surface measurements: fall

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 4.53 — — — — — 11.7 11.1 103 562 8.5 64.5 17 19.5 6.9 24.7 26.4

 Median 0.2 4.5 — — — — — 11.9 11 99 586 8.5 57.5 17 24.8 6.6 24.7 29.4

 Minimum 0.2 0.6 — — — — — 10.6 9.5 88 426 8.5 33 8 5.8 3.3 22.5 5.82

 Maximum 0.2 8.2 — — — — — 12.9 12.9 122 611 8.7 95 33 43 11.3 26.9 43.8

 Std. dev. 0 1.74 — — — — — 0.78 0.76 8.04 58.1 0.06 21.1 6.8 10.2 2.4 3.17 9.98

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 2 25

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.62 0.1 — — — — 10.8 11.5 103 539 8.6 65.8 19 23.1 7 37.3 31

 Median 0.2 1.85 0.1 — — — — 10.8 11.3 104 578 8.6 72 14 14.2 6.6 38.1 30.6

 Minimum 0.1 0.1 0.1 — — — — 8.9 9.2 81 397 8.2 27 10 9.7 4.1 33.7 15.7

 Maximum 0.2 6.7 0.1 — — — — 12.5 13.4 117 611 8.9 86 115 160 12.3 40.1 59

 Std. dev. 0.02 1.86 — — — — — 1.06 0.84 7.21 74.3 0.15 17.6 18.8 27.1 2.01 3.28 9.2

 N obs. 30 30 1 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 28 30 30 30 3 30

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.08 0.05 — — — — 10.9 12.3 112 502 8.8 52.5 26 38 11.7 48.3 59.2

 Median 0.2 0.8 0.03 — — — — 10.5 11.9 109 548 8.8 50 18 26.7 9.2 40.3 40.5

 Minimum 0.2 0.3 0 — — — — 8.1 8.7 80 263 8.3 10 8 5.8 3 28.4 12.1

 Maximum 0.2 7.4 0.2 — — — — 14.1 16.4 154 615 9.7 105 160 281 61.8 84.2 170

 Std. dev. 0 1.12 0.06 — — — — 1.4 1.63 16.3 94.8 0.27 24.5 28.1 46 10.1 26.1 44

 N obs. 50 50 46 0 0 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 39 50 50 50 4 50

 
F-4

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1993 Near-surface measurements: fall

4. Lake Mean 0.2 5.91 0.03 — — — — 12.1 10.8 101 601 8.5 52.7 20 20.2 7 26.3 26.7

 Median 0.2 7 0.03 — — — — 12.1 10.8 100 605 8.5 49 19 18.7 7 25.7 27.3

 Minimum 0.2 0.7 0.01 — — — — 11.3 9.4 86 578 8.4 26 7 5.9 3.2 11.2 4.12

 Maximum 0.2 11.8 0.05 — — — — 13 12.2 116 620 8.7 103 51 58 14.1 41.9 47.7

 Std. dev. 0 3.14 0.03 — — — — 0.43 0.69 6.66 9.43 0.08 16.9 9.72 12.1 2.93 15.3 11.7

 N obs. 30 30 2 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 3 30

 

 

1993 Near-bottom measurements: fall

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.16 1.36 — — — — — 10.7 12.2 110 — — — — — — — —

 Median 0.8 1 — — — — — 10.1 11.9 107 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.3 0.5 — — — — — 8.1 8.2 75 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 7.2 7.4 — — — — — 13 16.4 146 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 1.24 1.24 — — — — — 1.2 1.62 14.6 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 35 35 0 — — — — 35 35 35 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 5.71 5.91 — — — — — 11.4 9.78 90 — — — — — — — —

 Median 6.8 7 — — — — — 11.2 9.65 89 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.5 0.7 — — — — — 11.1 8.7 79 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 11.6 11.8 — — — — — 12.3 11.6 107 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 3.14 3.14 — — — — — 0.4 0.76 7.56 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1994 Near-surface measurements: winter

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 3.76 0.01 90 27 84 4 0.49 11.3 78 546 7.9 218 3 1.8 1.1 2.04 0.13

 Median 0.2 3.6 0.01 100 30 100 4 0.2 12 82 554 8 192 3 1.8 1 2.14 0

 Minimum 0.2 1.1 0.01 40 17 10 1 0.1 2.8 20 330 7.6 145 2 1.4 0.8 1.64 0

 Maximum 0.2 7 0.01 100 34 100 10 1.9 13 92 656 8 300 4 2.8 1.6 2.34 0.79

 Std. dev. 0 1.88 — 21.4 6.66 31.1 3.2 0.58 2.43 16.8 72.1 0.11 62.6 0.62 0.39 0.22 0.36 0.27

 N obs. 15 15 1 8 8 8 8 15 15 15 15 15 13 15 15 15 3 15

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 1.75 0 99.5 24 97 7 0.66 12 84 599 8 168 3 1.8 1.1 1.78 0.28

 Median 0.2 1.7 0 100 25 100 6 0.2 12.3 85 597 8 171 3 1.7 1 1.54 0

 Minimum 0.2 0.3 0 90 9 60 1 0.1 6.3 44 521 7.8 100 2 0.9 0.8 1.46 0

 Maximum 0.2 4.8 0 100 41 100 16 1.9 13.2 93 663 8.1 245 5 3.1 1.8 2.34 2.58

 Std. dev. 0 1.09 — 2.18 8.35 9.66 4.8 0.71 1.21 8.87 46.8 0.07 32.4 0.84 0.59 0.27 0.49 0.57

 N obs. 30 30 1 21 21 21 21 30 30 30 30 30 12 30 30 30 3 30

 
F-5

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-surface measurements: winter

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.22 0.04 98.8 33 98 10 0.39 10.6 73 573 7.9 134 4 2.8 1.5 8.54 4.38

 Median 0.2 0.9 0.03 100 34 100 10 0.2 11.6 80 570 8 135 3 1.8 1.1 3.21 0.66

 Minimum 0.2 0.4 0 40 15 40 2 0.1 0.6 4 210 7.6 50 2 1.2 0.6 1.64 0

 Maximum 0.2 5.7 0.25 100 45 100 22 2 13.5 93 774 8.2 210 13 18.6 6 27.3 33.2

 Std. dev. 0 0.95 0.04 8.57 6.69 11 4 0.44 2.7 18.5 102 0.13 48.8 1.79 2.96 0.99 10.8 8.64

 N obs. 49 49 46 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 15 49 49 49 5 49

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 6.06 — 100 38 99 7 0.29 12.8 88 668 8.1 153 3 2.4 1.2 5.24 2.05

 Median 0.2 7.4 — 100 39 100 8 0.2 12.7 88 669 8.1 140 3 2.2 1.3 5.24 1.07

 Minimum 0.2 0.7 — 100 15 90 1 0.1 11.5 79 613 7.9 109 2 1 0.8 3.53 0

 Maximum 0.2 9.6 — 100 53 100 12 0.9 14.4 99 710 8.2 232 4 11 1.8 6.95 7.7

 Std. dev. 0 2.89 — 0 7.53 2.54 2.9 0.25 0.81 5.47 23.1 0.09 36.4 0.58 1.72 0.25 2.42 2.45

 N obs. 30 30 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 27 30 30 30 2 30

 

 

1994 Near-bottom measurements: winter

 

1. Main channel Mean 1.2 1.4 — — — — — 3.7 0.4 3 — — — — — — — —

 Median 1.2 1.4 — — — — — 3.7 0.4 3 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.2 1.4 — — — — — 3.7 0.4 3 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.2 1.4 — — — — — 3.7 0.4 3 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 1 1 0 — — — — 1 1 1 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.34 1.54 — — — — — 0.62 10.5 73 — — — — — — — —

 Median 1 1.2 — — — — — 0.2 11.4 79 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.5 0.7 — — — — — 0.1 2 14 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 5.5 5.7 — — — — — 3.1 13.2 93 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 1.01 1.01 — — — — — 0.8 2.62 17.5 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 33 33 0 — — — — 33 33 33 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 5.86 6.06 — — — — — 1.18 11.3 80 — — — — — — — —

 Median 7.2 7.4 — — — — — 0.9 11.4 80 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.5 0.7 — — — — — 0.1 5.2 40 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 9.4 9.6 — — — — — 3.9 14.6 102 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.89 2.89 — — — — — 0.94 1.98 12.7 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-6

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-surface measurements: spring

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 4.21 — — — — — 10.1 13.4 119 379 8.8 71.2 13 15.7 7.1 49.8 51.3

 Median 0.2 4.3 — — — — — 10 13.5 120 408 8.9 72 11 15.5 6.9 54.9 53.3

 Minimum 0.2 1.9 — — — — — 9 11.5 102 110 8.1 30 10 13.7 6.8 24.8 0

 Maximum 0.2 8.5 — — — — — 11.5 14.9 132 487 9 90 26 17.9 7.9 64.6 72.6

 Std. dev. 0 1.95 — — — — — 0.59 0.97 9.03 108 0.22 14.2 4.78 1.64 0.41 18.7 16.3

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 6 6 4 25

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.51 — — — — — 10.6 13.4 121 394 8.8 63.3 15 19.1 7.7 46.2 47.2

 Median 0.2 2.5 — — — — — 10.2 13.2 117 416 8.9 64.5 12 19.1 7.8 47.2 47.9

 Minimum 0.2 0.8 — — — — — 9 11.3 106 257 8.5 45 10 15.4 6.7 43.4 0

 Maximum 0.2 4.6 — — — — — 13.1 17.2 158 479 9.1 83 25 22.2 8.2 48 79.6

 Std. dev. 0 1.05 — — — — — 0.97 1.47 13.3 69.2 0.16 10.3 5.46 2.54 0.46 2.45 16.3

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 29 30 30 8 8 3 30

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.37 0.13 — — — — 12.3 14.3 133 357 9 58.1 17 23.7 10.1 72.6 69.8

 Median 0.2 1.25 0.09 — — — — 12.2 13.2 123 341 8.9 60 14 22.7 7.7 78.6 66.9

 Minimum 0.2 0.3 0 — — — — 9.8 10.5 101 190 8.4 21 9 11.6 4.7 48.2 0

 Maximum 0.2 3.6 0.58 — — — — 15.1 20 198 475 9.7 90 53 42.2 17.4 90.9 150

 Std. dev. 0 0.65 0.12 — — — — 1.57 2.81 26.7 93.4 0.3 14.8 9.09 10.8 5.31 22 31.8

 N obs. 50 50 41 0 0 0 0 50 50 50 50 49 47 50 6 6 3 50

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 7.39 — — — — — 11.1 14.4 131 451 8.8 63.5 17 20.7 7.4 65.5 56.5

 Median 0.2 7.9 — — — — — 11 13.5 122 456 8.8 60.5 17 20.7 7.3 59.9 55.1

 Minimum 0.2 2.4 — — — — — 9.9 11.4 101 337 8.5 48 8 13.8 6.3 53.5 25.1

 Maximum 0.2 11.1 — — — — — 13.5 19 172 478 9.1 84 24 33.5 8.7 83.3 92.8

 Std. dev. 0 2.28 — — — — — 0.76 2.32 22.5 28.8 0.2 11.7 5.95 5.24 0.82 15.7 17.3

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 14 14 3 30

 

 

1994 Near-bottom measurements: spring

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.21 1.41 — — — — — 12 13.7 127 — — — — — — — —

 Median 1.1 1.3 — — — — — 11.9 13.1 119 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.3 0.5 — — — — — 8.8 10.4 92 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.4 3.6 — — — — — 14.9 20 198 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.63 0.63 — — — — — 1.67 2.31 22 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 48 48 0 — — — — 48 48 48 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-7

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-bottom measurements: spring

4. Lake Mean 7.19 7.39 — — — — — 10.4 12.5 112 — — — — — — — —

 Median 7.7 7.9 — — — — — 10.3 12.1 109 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.2 2.4 — — — — — 9.5 11.3 100 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 10.9 11.1 — — — — — 11.1 15.4 136 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.28 2.28 — — — — — 0.52 0.95 8.17 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1994 Near-surface measurements: summer

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 4.44 — — — — — 24.1 7.35 88 447 8.3 63.1 24 25.7 5.6 25.8 29.1

 Median 0.2 4.1 — — — — — 24.1 7.4 88 470 8.3 74 14 11.5 5.2 25.8 25.5

 Minimum 0.2 0.98 — — — — — 23.1 6.4 76 207 8.1 29 9 3.6 -0.1 25.8 18.8

 Maximum 0.2 12.5 — — — — — 24.8 8.5 100 520 8.5 95 47 73.4 14.6 25.8 48.6

 Std. dev. 0 2.39 — — — — — 0.42 0.6 6.96 64.2 0.09 24 14.4 22.3 3.22 — 8.22

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 1 25

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.15 — — — — — 24.5 7.92 96 418 8.4 55 23 25 6.3 30.2 36.8

 Median 0.2 2 — — — — — 24.4 7.8 94 442 8.4 44 14 13.8 5.6 26.8 31.8

 Minimum 0.2 0.28 — — — — — 23.6 6.9 82 285 8.2 25 10 8.3 1.5 19.8 18.4

 Maximum 0.2 6.7 — — — — — 26 10.5 128 492 8.9 105 45 58.1 12.8 47.5 103

 Std. dev. 0 1.54 — — — — — 0.62 0.79 9.96 59.4 0.13 24.1 12.9 17.1 2.68 12.3 17.8

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 23 30 30 30 4 30

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1 0.08 — — — — 25.8 9.67 120 408 8.5 45.9 28 33.7 8.3 54.8 53.1

 Median 0.2 0.97 0.04 — — — — 25.2 9 110 412 8.5 45 25 26.7 6.8 38 42.5

 Minimum 0.2 0.23 0 — — — — 23.4 4.3 56 273 7.8 22 11 6.1 -0.1 17.3 9.22

 Maximum 0.2 2.3 0.57 — — — — 28.2 20 258 499 9.3 78 80 172 32.7 126 147

 Std. dev. 0 0.5 0.11 — — — — 1.45 3.37 43.8 63.9 0.28 15 15.3 26.9 6.23 48.8 33.4

 N obs. 49 49 46 0 0 0 0 49 49 49 49 49 39 49 49 49 4 49

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 6.02 — — — — — 25 8.48 104 486 8.4 60.5 18 16 5.3 26.3 30.3

 Median 0.2 7.2 — — — — — 25 8.2 100 487 8.4 53 19 16.6 5.2 28.1 29.4

 Minimum 0.2 1.2 — — — — — 23 6.2 74 466 8.2 40 8 3.3 0.3 9.36 4.48

 Maximum 0.2 9.5 — — — — — 27.1 13.5 168 512 8.8 89 32 36.8 9.2 39.7 72.2

 Std. dev. 0 2.73 — — — — — 0.79 1.83 23.6 10.5 0.17 15.8 6.64 7.96 1.98 14.7 17.6

 N obs. 31 31 0 0 0 0 0 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 4 31

 
F-8

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-bottom measurements: summer

3. Backwater Mean 0.95 1.16 — — — — — 24.8 8.15 99 — — — — — — — —

 Median 0.8 1.06 — — — — — 24.9 8.1 98 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.56 — — — — — 23.1 4.8 57 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.1 2.3 — — — — — 27.1 18.9 239 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.44 0.45 — — — — — 1.09 2.31 29.9 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 38 38 0 — — — — 38 38 38 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 5.82 6.02 — — — — — 23.4 5.62 67 — — — — — — — —

 Median 7 7.2 — — — — — 23.2 5.8 68 — — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1 1.2 — — — — — 22.3 3.5 41 — — — — — — — —

 Maximum 9.3 9.5 — — — — — 25 8.1 99 — — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.73 2.73 — — — — — 0.67 1.25 15.6 — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 31 31 0 — — — — 31 31 31 0 0 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1994 Near-surface measurements: fall

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 4.32 — — — — — 13.4 9.32 89 449 8.1 51.5 21 24.1 6.3 15.8 15.6

 Median 0.2 4.2 — — — — — 13.4 9.5 90 496 8.1 56 17 14.8 5.2 15.8 16.1

 Minimum 0.2 0.79 — — — — — 12.1 8.8 84 139 7.7 27 8 9.4 3.2 9.98 7.43

 Maximum 0.2 9.1 — — — — — 14.2 10 94 537 8.2 77 33 48.8 11 21.5 24.9

 Std. dev. 0 2.29 — — — — — 0.48 0.35 2.97 111 0.13 18 8.57 14.7 2.71 8.16 6.56

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 2 25

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.17 0.27 — — — — 13.4 9.42 90 431 8.1 49 22 24.6 6.6 12 14.2

 Median 0.2 2 0.27 — — — — 13.5 9.5 91 490 8.2 51 20 16.1 4.9 10.1 10.9

 Minimum 0.2 0.33 0.21 — — — — 12.2 8.8 83 225 7.9 25 11 7.8 3 8.42 6.71

 Maximum 0.2 6.7 0.33 — — — — 14.9 10.3 102 540 8.3 72 35 48.8 12.1 19.7 32.1

 Std. dev. 0 1.63 0.08 — — — — 0.66 0.34 3.6 116 0.11 16.2 8.82 15.5 3.22 5.22 7.09

 N obs. 32 32 2 0 0 0 0 32 32 32 32 32 29 32 32 32 4 32

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.04 0.07 — — — — 13.3 9.79 94 360 8.1 48.9 23 28.3 7.3 18.9 20.1

 Median 0.2 1.01 0.05 — — — — 13.3 9.6 93 279 8 50 17 18.5 5.6 10.2 11

 Minimum 0.2 0.35 0 — — — — 10.2 8.3 75 208 7.6 14 7 8.6 3.2 9.09 7.69

 Maximum 0.2 3.8 0.22 — — — — 15.3 14.3 133 623 9 90 74 109 18.3 46.2 107

 Std. dev. 0 0.61 0.05 — — — — 1.04 1.19 11.2 136 0.29 20.5 15.8 21.6 3.87 18.2 20

 N obs. 47 47 44 0 0 0 0 47 47 47 47 47 38 47 47 47 4 47

 
F-9

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1994 Near-surface measurements: fall

4. Lake Mean 0.2 6.66 — — — — — 14.2 9.59 94 512 8.2 56.4 19 17.7 5.8 11.7 17.3

 Median 0.2 7.7 — — — — — 14.3 9.6 94 517 8.2 59 17 15.2 5.4 10.6 16.4

 Minimum 0.2 1.01 — — — — — 13.1 8.6 82 488 8.1 34 11 -0.1 3.6 10.1 7.35

 Maximum 0.2 12.9 — — — — — 15.5 10.2 101 536 8.3 81 35 46.8 10 14.4 33

 Std. dev. 0 2.95 — — — — — 0.73 0.41 4.35 14.7 0.07 12.3 6.36 9.74 1.82 2.32 6.72

 N obs. 31 31 0 0 0 0 0 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 3 31

 

 

1994 Near-bottom measurements: fall

 

2. Side channel Mean 1.7 1.9 — — — — — 13.3 9.3 89 331 8.1 — — — — — —

 Median 1.7 1.9 — — — — — 13.3 9.3 89 331 8.1 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.7 1.9 — — — — — 13.3 9.3 89 331 8.1 — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.7 1.9 — — — — — 13.3 9.3 89 331 8.1 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 1 1 0 — — — — 1 1 1 1 1 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.03 1.24 — — — — — 13.1 9.65 92 376 8.1 — — — — — —

 Median 0.9 1.1 — — — — — 13 9.5 91 355 8.2 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.62 — — — — — 11.1 8.4 77 210 7.6 — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.6 3.8 — — — — — 15 13.1 124 540 8.8 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.6 0.6 — — — — — 0.91 1.05 10.1 135 0.26 — — — — — —

 N obs. 34 34 0 — — — — 34 34 34 34 34 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 6.5 6.66 — — — — — 13.4 8.96 86 513 8.2 — — — — — —

 Median 7.5 7.7 — — — — — 13.3 8.9 85 518 8.2 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.8 1.01 — — — — — 12.9 8.4 80 489 8.1 — — — — — —

 Maximum 12.7 12.9 — — — — — 13.9 10.1 97 535 8.3 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.98 2.95 — — — — — 0.28 0.4 3.92 14.3 0.06 — — — — — —

 N obs. 31 31 0 — — — — 31 31 31 31 31 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: winter

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 4.07 — 66.7 14 30 2 1.22 14.1 100 506 7.8 206 4 2.8 1.9 8.61 11

 Median 0.2 3.9 — 50 2 0 2 1.1 14 100 503 7.8 210 4 2.6 1.9 7.86 15

 Minimum 0.2 1.55 — 50 1 0 2 0.1 13.4 92 433 7.7 108 2 1.7 0.8 1.87 2.84

 Maximum 0.2 7.9 — 100 40 90 2 2.2 16.5 115 573 8.1 266 7 5.8 2.9 16.8 20.7

 Std. dev. 0 1.72 — 28.9 22.2 52 — 0.56 0.59 3.86 37.6 0.11 39.1 1.14 0.86 0.43 6.83 7.1

 N obs. 25 25 0 3 3 3 1 25 25 25 25 25 23 25 25 25 4 25

 
F-10

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: winter

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 1.71 — 96.7 14 37 11 1.03 14.4 101 496 7.8 172 4 3.2 1.9 10.7 14.3

 Median 0.2 1.44 — 100 13 15 2 0.9 14.6 103 503 7.8 190 4 2.7 1.8 14 17.1

 Minimum 0.2 0.4 — 90 1 0 1 0 10.7 73 358 7.4 137 2 1.4 1.2 3.74 0

 Maximum 0.2 5 — 100 29 100 50 2.3 15.8 112 552 8.1 205 9 10.7 2.7 14.3 26.3

 Std. dev. 0 1.07 — 5.16 12.1 45.4 22 0.54 0.89 6.51 39.6 0.12 29.4 1.45 1.89 0.36 6.01 7.84

 N obs. 30 30 0 6 6 6 5 30 30 30 30 30 9 30 30 30 3 30

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.05 0.03 95.2 35 70 3 0.84 13.9 97 488 7.8 119 5 4.8 2.8 13.7 24.3

 Median 0.2 0.82 0.03 100 38 80 2 0.4 14.4 100 491 7.9 132 4 3.2 2.4 16 18.4

 Minimum 0.2 0.31 0 10 2 0 1 0.1 0.6 4 322 6.9 42 3 1.5 1.3 2.99 2.11

 Maximum 0.2 3.55 0.06 100 48 100 7 4.7 20 139 843 8.3 164 12 23.3 10.9 22.1 259

 Std. dev. 0 0.78 0.02 17.9 10.3 31.9 1.3 1.13 3.33 23.3 79.7 0.31 42.7 2.72 4.06 1.72 9.76 41.6

 N obs. 35 35 25 33 33 33 33 35 35 35 35 35 8 35 35 35 3 35

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 5.51 — 100 41 63 2 0.9 15.3 107 552 8 159 4 3.3 2.8 20.8 32.9

 Median 0.2 5.5 — 100 43 50 2 0.9 15.1 105 554 8 159 3 2.5 2.3 16.1 23.4

 Minimum 0.2 1.7 — 100 21 40 1 0.3 11 77 490 7.5 32 2 1 1.3 12.3 3.48

 Maximum 0.2 9.8 — 100 51 100 3 1.9 20 141 584 9.1 254 18 15.2 12.8 33.9 276

 Std. dev. 0 2.43 — 0 6.48 20.1 .33 0.35 1.82 12.8 20.9 0.27 43 2.88 2.49 2.17 11.5 49

 N obs. 31 31 0 30 30 30 29 31 31 31 31 31 30 31 31 31 3 31

 

 

1995 Near-bottom measurements: winter

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.33 1.54 — — — — — 1.06 13.4 94 479 7.7 — — — — — —

 Median 0.8 1.05 — — — — — 0.6 14.2 97 494 7.9 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.6 0.82 — — — — — 0.1 5 36 326 6.7 — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.4 3.55 — — — — — 4.8 16.3 113 543 7.9 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.89 0.88 — — — — — 1.22 2.54 17 50.4 0.29 — — — — — —

 N obs. 17 17 0 — — — — 17 17 17 17 17 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 5.31 5.51 — — — — — 1.82 13.4 96 560 7.8 — — — — — —

 Median 5.3 5.5 — — — — — 1.8 12.8 92 568 7.7 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.5 1.7 — — — — — 0.7 9.3 68 520 7.5 — — — — — —

 Maximum 9.6 9.8 — — — — — 2.5 23.1 169 591 8.5 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.43 2.43 — — — — — 0.44 3.37 24.1 18.8 0.25 — — — — — —

 N obs. 31 31 0 — — — — 31 31 31 31 31 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-11

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: spring

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 5 — — — — — 10.1 13.5 120 509 8.5 63.5 14 22.6 6.6 41.7 43.4

 Median 0.2 4.4 — — — — — 10 13.6 119 537 8.5 67 10 14.9 6.2 41.7 43.7

 Minimum 0.2 0.35 — — — — — 8.7 12.2 105 293 8.3 38 8 11.2 4 41.7 29.2

 Maximum 0.2 10.7 — — — — — 11.2 15.1 138 571 8.6 91 24 38.1 10 41.7 56.1

 Std. dev. 0 2.64 — — — — — 0.8 0.88 9.6 65.3 0.1 16.6 6.06 11.5 1.77 — 6.84

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 23 25 24 24 1 25

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.71 0.21 — — — — 10.3 13.9 124 479 8.5 69.1 13 20.7 6.3 28.3 43

 Median 0.2 2.9 0.21 — — — — 10.3 13.8 123 487 8.5 75 10 13.7 6.1 28.3 39.3

 Minimum 0.2 0.66 0.21 — — — — 8.6 11.4 101 263 8.1 41 7 10.6 4.4 21.4 24.1

 Maximum 0.2 5.8 0.21 — — — — 12.8 17.7 167 560 8.8 102 24 40.6 8.8 35.3 73.1

 Std. dev. 0 1.53 — — — — — 1.19 1.81 19.6 82 0.18 19.2 6.67 11.8 1.32 9.83 13.3

 N obs. 30 30 1 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 26 30 30 30 2 30

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.65 0.11 — — — — 10.4 13.9 124 417 8.4 67.8 10 15.7 5.5 32.3 38

 Median 0.2 1.4 0.08 — — — — 10.2 13.5 118 476 8.5 67 9 13.6 5.5 31.7 39.9

 Minimum 0.2 0.55 0 — — — — 8.5 10 91 137 7.4 42 3 4 2.6 19.3 11.5

 Maximum 0.2 3.7 0.44 — — — — 14.3 20.1 196 572 8.9 96 22 44.4 8.7 49.4 74.1

 Std. dev. 0 0.78 0.1 — — — — 1.19 2.38 24 139 0.45 15 4.48 9.17 1.5 10.4 14.3

 N obs. 50 50 48 0 0 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 41 50 50 50 7 50

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 7.26 — — — — — 10.3 15.3 136 503 8.6 68.4 10 13.2 5.5 36.3 39.4

 Median 0.2 7.7 — — — — — 9.8 15.4 136 506 8.6 64.5 9 10.9 5.3 36.3 38.6

 Minimum 0.2 2.1 — — — — — 8 12.4 109 305 8.4 46 6 7.5 3.4 26.2 29

 Maximum 0.2 11.4 — — — — — 13 18.2 170 564 8.9 88 19 33.3 9.8 46.4 51.9

 Std. dev. 0 2.63 — — — — — 1.3 1.52 16.4 46.1 0.14 10.4 3.45 6.22 1.42 14.3 6.62

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 2 30

 

 

1995 Near-bottom measurements: spring

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.5 0.67 — — — — — 12.9 17.8 169 548 8.8 — — — — — —

 Median 0.5 0.67 — — — — — 12.9 17.8 169 548 8.8 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.5 0.67 — — — — — 12.9 17.8 169 548 8.8 — — — — — —

 Maximum 0.5 0.67 — — — — — 12.9 17.8 169 548 8.8 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

 N obs. 1 1 0 — — — — 1 1 1 1 1 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-12

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-bottom measurements: spring

3. Backwater Mean 1.41 1.62 — — — — — 10.2 13.6 122 412 8.3 — — — — — —

 Median 1.15 1.4 — — — — — 10.2 13.4 117 468 8.4 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.55 — — — — — 8.3 10 91 137 7.3 — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.4 3.6 — — — — — 14 19.5 189 566 8.9 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.74 0.73 — — — — — 1.2 2.33 23.5 140 0.47 — — — — — —

 N obs. 48 48 0 — — — — 48 48 48 48 48 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 7.03 7.26 — — — — — 8.12 13.1 111 514 8.4 — — — — — —

 Median 7.5 7.7 — — — — — 7.7 13 110 509 8.4 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.9 2.1 — — — — — 7.1 12.2 102 472 8.3 — — — — — —

 Maximum 11.2 11.4 — — — — — 9.8 14.8 127 564 8.5 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.59 2.63 — — — — — 0.9 0.48 4.45 22.9 0.06 — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 30 30 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: summer

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 3.73 — — — — — 25.8 6.66 83 541 8.1 62.1 26 33.3 8.1 16.7 14.2

 Median 0.2 3.8 — — — — — 25.7 6.7 83 546 8 77.5 10 10.6 6.2 16.7 15

 Minimum 0.2 1.28 — — — — — 25.1 5.9 73 411 8 18 6 6 3.2 16.7 7.5

 Maximum 0.2 6.4 — — — — — 26.6 7.6 95 600 8.2 108 60 84.3 15.3 16.7 22.3

 Std. dev. 0 1.57 — — — — — 0.39 0.44 5.54 52.8 0.07 35.6 21.9 30.3 4.08 — 4.59

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 1 22

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.36 — — — — — 25.9 7.11 88 526 8.1 51.8 26 32.5 7.1 16.8 16.2

 Median 0.2 2.2 — — — — — 25.8 7.1 89 550 8.1 55.5 11 13.9 5.6 16 17.7

 Minimum 0.2 0.35 — — — — — 25 5.8 71 392 8 18 7 5.6 -0.1 12.8 6.3

 Maximum 0.2 7.3 — — — — — 27.4 8.8 111 597 8.3 103 62 87.4 15.9 22.2 22.9

 Std. dev. 0 1.47 — — — — — 0.55 0.64 7.91 62.5 0.08 30.3 22.3 29.6 3.76 3.77 5.51

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 26 30 30 30 6 28

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 0.87 0.05 — — — — 26.4 9.19 116 463 8.3 39.2 23 31.8 9.2 18.6 35.1

 Median 0.2 0.71 0.03 — — — — 26.1 8.1 100 453 8.2 39 16 22.9 8.7 20.1 27.3

 Minimum 0.2 0.3 0 — — — — 24.7 5.3 67 288 7.6 17 8 8.9 3.9 6.42 7.89

 Maximum 0.2 2.65 0.27 — — — — 29.4 25 327 589 8.8 81 83 106 18.1 27.8 150

 Std. dev. 0 0.49 0.05 — — — — 1.06 4.32 57 92.6 0.26 16.6 15.9 22.5 3.19 8.96 24.9

 N obs. 50 50 45 0 0 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 39 50 50 50 4 47

 
F-13

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: summer

4. Lake Mean 0.2 7.07 — — — — — 26.4 8.28 104 575 8.3 61.6 14 13.9 5.2 26.1 24.8

 Median 0.2 7.55 — — — — — 26.3 8.2 104 579 8.3 60 10 11 4.7 26.1 23.3

 Minimum 0.2 1.3 — — — — — 25.6 6.6 82 545 8.1 20 6 5 2.4 15.4 13.3

 Maximum 0.2 9.99 — — — — — 28 11.3 145 603 8.6 98 41 47.3 13.3 36.9 51.5

 Std. dev. 0 2.36 — — — — — 0.6 1.3 17.3 15.9 0.14 23.3 9.86 9.86 2.17 15.2 9.51

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 29 30 30 2 30

 

 

1995 Near-bottom measurements: summer

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.89 1.1 — — — — — 26.1 7.63 95 473 8.1 — — — — — —

 Median 0.85 1.05 — — — — — 26 7.45 93 478 8.2 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.55 — — — — — 24.4 0.2 2 288 7.2 — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.4 2.65 — — — — — 29.4 25 319 588 8.6 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.45 0.47 — — — — — 1.13 3.87 49.9 99.2 0.25 — — — — — —

 N obs. 28 28 0 — — — — 28 28 28 28 28 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 6.86 7.07 — — — — — 25.5 5.82 72 577 8 — — — — — —

 Median 7.35 7.55 — — — — — 25.5 5.7 70 580 8 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.1 1.3 — — — — — 24.6 2.3 28 550 7.7 — — — — — —

 Maximum 9.7 9.99 — — — — — 27.4 10.7 137 604 8.5 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.36 2.36 — — — — — 0.5 1.37 17.7 14.8 0.14 — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 30 30 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: fall

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 5.05 — — — — — 14.2 9.23 90 418 8.1 49.3 23 34.4 7.1 7.4 15

 Median 0.2 4.9 — — — — — 14.4 9.3 90 428 8.1 53 17 20.5 6.5 6.95 15.1

 Minimum 0.2 2.3 — — — — — 13.3 8.7 85 266 7.8 31 10 7.8 2.9 5.7 9.89

 Maximum 0.2 10.7 — — — — — 15.7 9.5 96 463 8.2 78 42 70.7 10.5 9.98 18.4

 Std. dev. 0 2.16 — — — — — 0.59 0.24 2.13 44.9 0.09 15.8 12.1 23.4 2.58 1.87 2.13

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 4 23

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.85 0.43 — — — — 14.1 9.36 91 369 8 50.7 18 26.2 6.1 3.21 12.8

 Median 0.2 2.85 0.46 — — — — 14.4 9.4 90 422 8 51 14 16.6 5.6 3.21 13.1

 Minimum 0.2 0.25 0.04 — — — — 11.5 8.7 85 153 7.5 25 8 8.2 3.3 3.21 6.73

 Maximum 0.2 5.8 0.76 — — — — 15.9 10.2 100 462 8.2 80 37 63.5 10 3.21 19.7

 Std. dev. 0 1.46 0.18 — — — — 1.08 0.38 3.74 99.3 0.15 15.7 9.13 17.8 2.05 — 3.22

 N obs. 32 32 31 0 0 0 0 32 32 32 32 32 30 32 32 32 1 32

 
F-14

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1995 Near-surface measurements: fall

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.13 0.07 — — — — 14 9.62 93 317 7.9 53.7 16 22.1 6.1 8.8 15.4

 Median 0.2 1.2 0.05 — — — — 14.4 9.4 92 276 8 54 14 17.4 5.5 6.72 12.9

 Minimum 0.2 0.32 0 — — — — 10.2 7.7 73 137 7.2 28 4 3 2.1 5.35 2.66

 Maximum 0.2 2.5 0.37 — — — — 17.9 14.1 142 465 8.7 90 50 108 15.7 18.2 57.9

 Std. dev. 0 0.5 0.07 — — — — 2.05 1.35 14 116 0.33 16.7 9.81 19.5 3.04 5.29 11.3

 N obs. 49 49 49 0 0 0 0 49 49 49 49 49 39 49 49 49 5 49

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 6.59 — — — — — 15.4 9.64 97 434 8.2 51.2 14 14.4 5.4 6.68 13.1

 Median 0.2 7.8 — — — — — 15.8 9.6 98 427 8.1 50 14 14.4 4.8 4.99 12.8

 Minimum 0.2 1.4 — — — — — 13.6 8.7 84 411 8 33 8 7.2 3.5 3.21 8.22

 Maximum 0.2 11.7 — — — — — 18.4 11.9 124 466 8.6 70 18 21.8 8.4 11.8 18.2

 Std. dev. 0 2.67 — — — — — 1.41 0.67 9.17 16.6 0.14 8.87 2.7 3.8 1.61 4.55 2.52

 N obs. 31 31 0 0 0 0 0 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 3 31

 

 

1995 Near-bottom measurements: fall

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.03 1.24 — — — — — 13.5 9.15 88 320 7.9 — — — — — —

 Median 1.1 1.28 — — — — — 13.5 9.2 90 268 8 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.55 — — — — — 9.4 5.6 53 137 7.2 — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.3 2.5 — — — — — 17.5 11.5 107 496 8.6 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.44 0.44 — — — — — 2.12 0.92 9.07 117 0.32 — — — — — —

 N obs. 43 43 0 — — — — 43 43 43 43 43 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 6.48 6.68 — — — — — 13.5 8.77 84 432 8 — — — — — —

 Median 7.65 7.85 — — — — — 13.4 8.7 83 427 8 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.2 1.4 — — — — — 13 7.9 76 416 7.9 — — — — — —

 Maximum 11.5 11.7 — — — — — 14.8 10.6 102 464 8.3 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.67 2.67 — — — — — 0.37 0.55 5.56 14.9 0.11 — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 30 30 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1996 Near-surface measurements: winter

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 4.69 — 95.8 24 70 9 0.42 11.1 77 531 7.6 185 3 2.5 1.4 -1 0

 Median 0.2 4.3 — 100 28 100 10 0.5 11.4 79 523 7.6 171 3 2.4 1.4 -1 0

 Minimum 0.2 1.32 — 80 3 0 0 0 9.9 68 372 7.4 112 2 1.4 1 -1 0

 Maximum 0.2 8.8 — 100 40 100 19 0.8 12.2 85 608 7.7 251 4 3.3 1.9 -1 0

 Std. dev. 0 1.97 — 7.93 13.3 44.5 6.3 0.31 0.85 6.48 58.8 0.06 43.6 0.7 0.52 0.24 0 0

 N obs. 25 25 0 12 12 12 10 25 25 25 25 25 23 25 25 25 3 24

 
F-15

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-surface measurements: winter

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.33 0.14 99.6 28 94 8 0.14 10.4 71 489 7.5 137 4 3 1.5 -.19 0.14

 Median 0.2 1.77 0.13 100 29 100 8 0.1 10.2 70 500 7.6 130 3 2.1 1.3 -1 0

 Minimum 0.1 0.35 0.01 90 14 50 2 0 8.9 61 362 7.3 50 2 1.2 1 -1 0

 Maximum 0.2 5.2 0.35 100 40 100 18 0.9 12.3 86 611 7.7 196 25 26.3 7 1.43 4.11

 Std. dev. 0.02 1.38 0.08 2 8.34 13.6 3.9 0.21 0.88 6.46 77.9 0.1 37.2 4.1 4.55 1.08 1.4 0.76

 N obs. 29 29 28 25 25 25 25 29 29 29 29 29 17 29 29 29 3 29

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.11 0.04 99 49 95 15 0.47 9.54 66 476 7.5 95.6 5 4 1.6 0.33 0.42

 Median 0.2 1.05 0.03 100 50 100 15 0.1 9.6 66 506 7.5 88 4 2.6 1.4 -1 0

 Minimum 0.2 0.28 0 80 6 10 2 0 4.3 30 296 7.1 46 2 1.2 0.8 -1 0

 Maximum 0.2 2.7 0.18 100 62 100 29 4.4 14.2 99 624 7.9 179 16 15.4 3.2 2.99 3.89

 Std. dev. 0 0.49 0.04 3.96 11.2 18.1 7.4 0.99 2.08 15.5 105 0.19 38.3 3.33 3.8 0.58 2.3 1.14

 N obs. 35 35 32 31 31 31 30 35 35 35 35 35 14 34 34 34 3 31

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 6.52 — 100 61 98 9 0.08 10.8 74 541 7.6 185 5 2.1 1.2 -1 0.02

 Median 0.2 7.4 — 100 60 100 9 0.1 10.7 73 540 7.5 198 5 1.8 1.1 -1 0

 Minimum 0.2 0.83 — 100 40 80 3 0 9.3 64 506 7.4 18 2 1.2 0.8 -1 0

 Maximum 0.2 10.9 — 100 74 100 17 0.2 12.6 87 606 8.1 253 9 7.7 2.9 -1 0.69

 Std. dev. 0 2.66 — 0 7.58 4.61 3.9 0.07 0.56 3.9 25.5 0.12 44.3 2.1 1.22 0.41 0 0.13

 N obs. 30 30 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 27 30 30 30 4 30

 

 

1996 Near-bottom measurements: winter

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.08 1.3 — — — — — 0.4 9.3 64 483 7.5 — — — — — —

 Median 1 1.19 — — — — — 0.1 9.35 64 520 7.5 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.66 — — — — — 0 4.7 33 298 7.1 — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.5 2.7 — — — — — 4.4 12.9 99 624 7.8 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.49 0.48 — — — — — 0.91 2 14.9 101 0.18 — — — — — —

 N obs. 24 24 0 — — — — 24 24 24 24 24 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 6.52 6.72 — — — — — 0.54 9.91 69 555 7.5 — — — — — —

 Median 7.3 7.5 — — — — — 0.3 10.6 73 544 7.5 — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.1 1.32 — — — — — 0 4.4 32 509 7.4 — — — — — —

 Maximum 10.7 10.9 — — — — — 2.5 11.8 81 610 7.7 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.48 2.48 — — — — — 0.57 1.68 11 26.3 0.07 — — — — — —

 N obs. 29 29 0 — — — — 29 29 29 29 29 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-16

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-surface measurements: spring

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 6.19 — — — — — 9.87 11.7 103 312 8.3 66.4 13 19.7 5.7 — 35.6

 Median 0.2 5.95 — — — — — 9.8 11.7 102 309 8.3 73 9 14.4 6 — 36.3

 Minimum 0.2 2.2 — — — — — 8.2 10.7 95 58 7.2 47 7 8.6 3.1 — 2.8

 Maximum 0.2 21 — — — — — 11.1 13 118 423 8.5 83 22 36.5 8 — 50.8

 Std. dev. 0 3.65 — — — — — 0.72 0.61 5.58 79.2 0.25 13.6 5.59 10.9 1.85 — 11.8

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 0 24

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 3.4 0.72 — — — — 9.89 12.1 107 292 8.3 74 10 17.1 7.1 36.9 33.6

 Median 0.2 3.3 0.69 — — — — 9.9 12.3 108 312 8.4 76.5 8 13.3 7.5 35.6 35.8

 Minimum 0.2 0.9 0.23 — — — — 8.8 10.1 88 76 7.1 51 5 5.4 1.8 32.5 2.34

 Maximum 0.2 7.6 1.17 — — — — 11.1 13.5 120 386 8.6 106 19 35 10.7 43.8 48.9

 Std. dev. 0 1.87 0.25 — — — — 0.59 0.76 7.18 64.3 0.29 14.6 4.48 8.54 2.09 4.99 11.6

 N obs. 32 32 32 0 0 0 0 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 29 4 32

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.91 0.18 — — — — 9.9 12.8 113 247 8.3 77.9 9 13.1 5.4 32.5 38.7

 Median 0.2 1.8 0.15 — — — — 9.7 12.4 109 269 8.4 77 9 11.3 4.5 39.7 32.6

 Minimum 0.2 0.9 0.01 — — — — 8.1 9.4 82 69 7.1 46 3 2.4 1.4 15.8 1.64

 Maximum 0.2 3.7 0.62 — — — — 12.6 18.9 171 430 9.6 153 17 31.3 17.1 40.2 181

 Std. dev. 0 0.65 0.14 — — — — 1.15 1.91 19 88.1 0.55 20.2 3.17 6.17 2.97 10.9 31.9

 N obs. 49 49 49 0 0 0 0 49 49 49 49 49 48 49 49 47 5 49

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 7.88 — — — — — 11.3 14.6 133 313 8.8 68.8 10 12.6 7 50.8 46.1

 Median 0.2 8.8 — — — — — 11.2 14.8 135 303 8.8 66.5 10 12.6 6.8 48.5 44

 Minimum 0.2 2.2 — — — — — 10.4 12.2 111 269 8.4 55 6 8 5.7 46.2 30.3

 Maximum 0.2 11.5 — — — — — 12.6 17.6 164 361 9 86 17 29.6 9.7 57.7 77

 Std. dev. 0 2.84 — — — — — 0.56 1.16 11.6 29.2 0.16 9.76 2.36 3.9 0.93 6.12 10.3

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 25 3 30

 

 

1996 Near-bottom measurements: spring

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.71 1.91 — — — — — 9.66 12.3 109 247 8.2 — — — — — —

 Median 1.6 1.8 — — — — — 9.7 12.2 107 276 8.3 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.7 0.9 — — — — — 8.1 9.4 82 69 7 — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.5 3.7 — — — — — 10.9 18.6 167 434 9.6 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.65 0.65 — — — — — 0.81 1.72 16.4 88.5 0.54 — — — — — —

 N obs. 49 49 0 — — — — 49 49 49 49 49 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-17

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-bottom measurements: spring

4. Lake Mean 7.68 7.88 — — — — — 9.97 12.5 111 326 8.4 — — — — — —

 Median 8.6 8.8 — — — — — 9.9 12.4 110 341 8.4 — — — — — —

 Minimum 2 2.2 — — — — — 9.4 11.4 101 264 8.2 — — — — — —

 Maximum 11.3 11.5 — — — — — 11.2 15.7 143 365 8.8 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.84 2.84 — — — — — 0.49 0.86 8.5 32.2 0.14 — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 30 30 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1996 Near-surface measurements: summer

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 3.8 — — — — — 24.2 7.51 90 395 8.1 69.3 15 20.4 6 10.3 11

 Median 0.2 3.7 — — — — — 23.9 7.4 91 405 8.1 58 13 18.3 5.3 9.26 13.1

 Minimum 0.2 1.16 — — — — — 23 6.7 80 146 7.9 30 5 3.8 2.5 -1 1.33

 Maximum 0.2 7.3 — — — — — 25.8 8.8 104 484 8.2 131 29 48.3 11.6 23.5 19

 Std. dev. 0 1.84 — — — — — 0.88 0.53 5.84 79.7 0.08 35.4 9.04 15.2 2.93 13.1 5.49

 N obs. 25 25 0 0 0 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 24 25 25 25 4 25

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.18 0.27 — — — — 24.2 8.15 98 360 8.1 51.8 18 23.8 6.5 0.83 15.6

 Median 0.2 2.15 0.29 — — — — 23.7 7.9 94 392 8.1 47 17 19.6 5.4 0.83 13.3

 Minimum 0.2 0.28 0.14 — — — — 23.1 6.9 83 210 8 22 6 5.2 2.6 -1 1.33

 Maximum 0.2 6.1 0.42 — — — — 28.9 12.9 170 486 8.8 121 40 71.7 17 2.66 56.5

 Std. dev. 0 1.44 0.07 — — — — 1.24 1.05 15.1 91.1 0.15 24.8 9.61 16.6 3.46 2.59 10

 N obs. 30 30 17 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 25 30 30 30 2 30

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 0.98 0.06 — — — — 24.4 9.29 112 348 8.2 35.7 27 35.4 10.3 92.9 33.2

 Median 0.2 0.87 0.07 — — — — 24.4 8.75 104 396 8.2 34 22 28.3 8.1 70.2 23

 Minimum 0.2 0.4 0 — — — — 22 6.2 74 197 7.5 13 7 4.8 3.2 -1 1.59

 Maximum 0.2 3.3 0.16 — — — — 29.2 25 310 508 9.1 76 81 112 39.4 232 200

 Std. dev. 0 0.53 0.04 — — — — 1.42 2.75 35 111 0.35 13.4 18.9 25.9 6.76 113 33.9

 N obs. 50 50 41 0 0 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 47 50 50 50 4 50

 

4. Lake Mean 0.2 6.07 — — — — — 24.3 7.48 90 456 8.2 67.8 13 13.4 5.3 1.33 17.6

 Median 0.2 7.05 — — — — — 24.3 7.2 86 460 8.1 63.5 10 9.9 4.3 -1 17.2

 Minimum 0.2 1.1 — — — — — 23.2 6.6 79 407 8 29 4 3.1 2 -1 2.22

 Maximum 0.2 9.7 — — — — — 25.7 12.2 151 500 8.7 128 30 43.4 13 5.98 55.4

 Std. dev. 0 2.6 — — — — — 0.56 1.1 14 24.6 0.14 29.4 7.45 11 2.93 4.03 12.1

 N obs. 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 3 30

 
F-18

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-bottom measurements: summer

3. Backwater Mean 0.92 1.11 — — — — — 24 8.73 104 338 8.2 — — — — — —

 Median 0.8 1.01 — — — — — 24 8.6 102 286 8.2 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.3 0.5 — — — — — 22.4 6.1 73 197 7.6 — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.1 3.3 — — — — — 26.3 12.3 149 512 8.9 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.51 0.52 — — — — — 1.21 1.4 17 110 0.28 — — — — — —

 N obs. 40 40 0 — — — — 40 40 40 40 40 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 5.87 6.07 — — — — — 24.2 7.03 84 458 8.1 — — — — — —

 Median 6.85 7.05 — — — — — 24.2 6.75 81 460 8.1 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.9 1.1 — — — — — 23.2 6.1 73 405 7.9 — — — — — —

 Maximum 9.5 9.7 — — — — — 25.4 10.1 122 503 8.4 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.6 2.6 — — — — — 0.52 0.84 10.5 26.2 0.12 — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 30 30 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1996 Near-surface measurements: fall

 

1. Main channel Mean 0.2 3.98 — — — — — 13.8 10.2 98 381 8.3 63.2 14 18.4 6.8 38.6 24.8

 Median 0.2 3.8 — — — — — 14.1 10 97 426 8.3 59 15 20.6 7.2 38.6 21.8

 Minimum 0.2 0.72 — — — — — 10.7 9.4 92 155 8.1 38 6 7.1 3.3 38.6 14.4

 Maximum 0.2 7.9 — — — — — 15.7 11.3 107 464 8.6 100 24 32.4 9.4 38.6 43.7

 Std. dev. 0 1.42 — — — — — 1.77 0.69 4.16 95.2 0.18 22.1 5.72 7.89 2 — 8.58

 N obs. 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 1 24

 

2. Side channel Mean 0.2 2.1 0.17 — — — — 12.9 10.6 100 408 8.4 69.7 11 14.5 6.1 32.5 30.3

 Median 0.2 2 0.16 — — — — 12.4 10.5 100 433 8.4 71 9 13.4 5.6 27.2 23

 Minimum 0.2 0.34 0.06 — — — — 8.5 9.6 87 239 8.1 37 5 6.4 3.1 19 13.1

 Maximum 0.2 5.2 0.42 — — — — 16.4 12.7 125 557 8.8 105 20 26.3 9.3 56.6 67.8

 Std. dev. 0 1.22 0.08 — — — — 2.07 0.82 9.18 69.8 0.19 20.5 4.7 5.72 1.76 16.5 15.5

 N obs. 32 32 18 0 0 0 0 32 32 32 32 32 27 32 32 32 4 32

 

3. Backwater Mean 0.2 1.05 0.07 — — — — 12.1 11.1 103 346 8.4 55.3 20 33.5 9.9 43.8 44.5

 Median 0.2 0.9 0.05 — — — — 11.8 10.8 98 373 8.3 60 12 17.5 6.6 39.5 28.5

 Minimum 0.2 0.3 0 — — — — 7.7 8 81 201 7.6 22 7 8.4 4.3 29.2 16.2

 Maximum 0.2 3.1 0.65 — — — — 18.4 19 190 485 9.2 89 84 248 36.2 66.9 157

 Std. dev. 0 0.58 0.11 — — — — 2.89 1.69 18.4 93 0.31 19.5 16.9 39.2 7.02 17.5 36

 N obs. 48 48 32 0 0 0 0 48 48 48 48 48 41 48 48 48 4 48

 
F-19

Table F-1. Continued.

Sampling depth depth velocity cover of ice cover depth temp. oxygen saturation cond. depth Turbidity solids solids chl. chl.

stratum Statistic (m) (m) (m/s) (%) (cm) (%) (cm) ( C) (mg/L) (%) (μS) pH (cm) (NTU) (mg/L) (mg/L) (μg/L) (μg/L)

Sample Water Water Ice Thickness Snow Snow Water Dissolved Oxygen Specific Secchi suspended suspended Spectr. Fluor.

o

Total Volatile

1996 Near-surface measurements: fall

4. Lake Mean 0.2 5.51 — — — — — 15.1 11.2 111 458 8.5 57.4 16 18 8.1 27.5 21.4

 Median 0.2 6.5 — — — — — 14.9 11.1 112 457 8.5 57 11 13 7 23.4 18.7

 Minimum 0.2 0.9 — — — — — 13.7 8.9 88 453 8 16 5 7.2 5.3 22.1 6.83

 Maximum 0.2 9.9 — — — — — 17.9 13.5 131 469 8.7 96 90 94.9 23.4 41 42.9

 Std. dev. 0 2.71 — — — — — 1.11 1.1 10.4 3.38 0.16 20.4 16.2 16.9 3.49 9.06 8.18

 N obs. 29 29 0 0 0 0 0 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 4 29

 

 

1996 Near-bottom measurements: fall

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.06 1.25 — — — — — 11.1 11.1 101 321 8.4 — — — — — —

 Median 1 1.13 — — — — — 10.4 10.9 98 313 8.4 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.4 0.6 — — — — — 7.7 8.5 80 201 7.6 — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.9 3.1 — — — — — 15.7 13.2 130 446 9 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.57 0.57 — — — — — 2.36 1.04 13 86.9 0.29 — — — — — —

 N obs. 33 33 0 — — — — 33 33 33 33 33 — 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 5.26 5.46 — — — — — 13.8 9.84 95 461 8.3 — — — — — —

 Median 6 6.2 — — — — — 13.6 9.65 93 459 8.3 — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.7 0.9 — — — — — 13.3 8.6 84 455 8 — — — — — —

 Maximum 9.7 9.9 — — — — — 15.3 13.4 130 485 8.7 — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 2.68 2.68 — — — — — 0.51 0.94 9.07 5.68 0.14 — — — — — —

 N obs. 30 30 0 — — — — 30 30 30 30 30 — 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-20

Table F-2. Summaries of chemical measurements during each stratified random sampling episode from 1993 through 1996. Data are grouped into three sampling-depth

categories; near surface (less than 0.2m below the surface), middepth, and near bottom (less than 0.2m above the substrate).

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1993 Near-surface measurements: summer

1. Main channel Mean 3.681 0.05 2.506 0.221 0.14 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.601 0.048 2.509 0.225 0.144 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.88 0.028 1.749 0.171 0.117 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.876 0.068 2.837 0.236 0.156 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.529 0.01 0.271 0.017 0.012 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

2. Side channel Mean 3.533 0.043 2.279 0.225 0.126 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.572 0.04 2.609 0.225 0.125 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.451 -0.02 0.619 0.181 0.018 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.318 0.066 2.68 0.241 0.155 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.587 0.014 0.652 0.014 0.036 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

3. Backwater Mean 3.167 0.05 1.917 0.221 0.114 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.427 0.049 2.091 0.225 0.128 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.241 -0.02 0.056 0.175 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.394 0.118 2.764 0.278 0.158 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.872 0.025 0.823 0.02 0.04 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 27 27 27 27 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 3.751 0.028 2.516 0.216 0.128 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.722 0.023 2.48 0.221 0.131 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 3.301 -0.02 2.356 0.14 0.105 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.199 0.065 2.736 0.234 0.153 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.26 0.017 0.119 0.021 0.015 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1993 Near-surface measurements: fall

 

1. Main channel Mean 3.549 0.025 2.059 0.162 0.078 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.605 0.024 2.097 0.166 0.074 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.638 -0.02 1.487 0.133 0.059 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.214 0.049 2.528 0.193 0.109 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.431 0.014 0.31 0.017 0.02 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-21

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1993 Near-surface measurements: fall

2. Side channel Mean 3.427 0.02 1.82 0.162 0.066 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.314 -0.02 1.995 0.156 0.062 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.298 -0.02 -0.01 0.127 0.017 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.641 0.048 2.898 0.24 0.095 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.606 0.013 0.635 0.028 0.023 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

3. Backwater Mean 3.286 0.017 1.427 0.173 0.05 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.144 -0.02 1.441 0.159 0.051 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.111 -0.02 0.143 0.119 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.49 0.046 2.271 0.325 0.093 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.647 0.011 0.656 0.047 0.027 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 28 28 28 28 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 3.809 0.04 2.075 0.172 0.083 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.856 0.038 2.105 0.168 0.08 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.929 -0.02 1.684 0.149 0.057 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.383 0.069 2.443 0.197 0.111 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.35 0.017 0.201 0.014 0.015 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1994 Near-surface measurements: winter

 

1. Main channel Mean 2.578 0.204 2.243 0.105 0.077 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.535 0.18 2.29 0.102 0.078 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.558 0.134 1.489 0.09 0.054 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.598 0.365 2.437 0.13 0.098 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.782 0.072 0.244 0.013 0.012 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 12 13 13 12 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

2. Side channel Mean 2.476 0.263 2.227 0.114 0.085 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.284 0.205 2.221 0.11 0.079 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.013 0.175 2.123 0.098 0.07 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.229 0.363 2.376 0.126 0.098 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.378 0.081 0.074 0.01 0.011 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-22

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1994 Near-surface measurements: winter

3. Backwater Mean 2.604 0.267 2.142 0.114 0.075 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.333 0.196 2.257 0.106 0.074 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.343 0.105 0.503 0.042 0.011 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 5.786 0.7 3.065 0.236 0.156 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.836 0.146 0.554 0.034 0.032 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 28 27 27 28 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 3.08 0.228 2.689 0.117 0.086 — — — — — — —

 Median 3.088 0.232 2.647 0.121 0.09 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.281 0.093 2.21 0.068 0.044 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.125 0.368 3.3 0.133 0.099 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.516 0.083 0.335 0.016 0.014 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1994 Near-surface measurements: spring

 

1. Main channel Mean 1.594 0.011 1.044 0.075 0.005 3.625 — — — — 10.62 48.54

 Median 1.606 -0.02 0.958 0.079 -0.01 3.516 — — — — 12 55.79

 Minimum 0.728 -0.02 0.491 0.051 -0.01 3.106 — — — — 1.846 1.637

 Maximum 2.218 0.026 1.603 0.095 -0.01 4.199 — — — — 13.27 63.03

 Std. dev. 0.372 0.004 0.323 0.013 0 0.402 — — — — 3.098 17.04

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 13 13

 

2. Side channel Mean 1.848 0.016 1.115 0.079 0.005 3.576 57.57 3.24 27.35 14.02 10.78 48.32

 Median 1.74 -0.02 1.017 0.08 -0.01 3.431 57.57 3.24 27.35 14.02 11.31 47.54

 Minimum 1.396 -0.02 0.686 0.047 -0.01 2.875 57.57 3.24 27.35 14.02 7.41 26.07

 Maximum 2.696 0.035 1.465 0.115 -0.01 4.437 57.57 3.24 27.35 14.02 13.36 63.47

 Std. dev. 0.34 0.008 0.263 0.017 0 0.481 — — — — 1.691 12.01

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 16 1 1 1 1 16 16

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.717 0.024 0.783 0.082 0.005 2.605 — — — — 9.208 37.76

 Median 1.669 -0.02 0.954 0.077 -0.01 2.974 — — — — 9.454 36.23

 Minimum 0.786 -0.02 0.131 0.049 -0.01 -0.05 — — — — 2.54 7.869

 Maximum 2.88 0.079 1.362 0.161 -0.01 4.115 — — — — 13.26 62.32

 Std. dev. 0.424 0.02 0.371 0.029 0 1.298 — — — — 2.686 19.19

 N obs. 25 27 27 25 27 27 0 0 0 0 27 27

 
F-23

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1994 Near-surface measurements: spring

4. Lake Mean 1.887 0.023 1.341 0.065 0.005 3.251 — — — — 10.31 46.48

 Median 1.666 0.023 1.245 0.066 -0.01 3.096 — — — — 10.96 47.31

 Minimum 1.241 -0.02 0.902 0.039 -0.01 1.816 — — — — 6.541 32.75

 Maximum 2.669 0.033 1.805 0.091 -0.01 4.127 — — — — 12.22 61.49

 Std. dev. 0.467 0.007 0.334 0.015 0 0.602 — — — — 1.654 8.437

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 16 16

 

 

1994 Near-surface measurements: summer

 

1. Main channel Mean 2.961 0.049 1.661 0.157 0.031 7.21 — — — — 11.06 48.77

 Median 2.914 0.026 1.716 0.158 0.02 7.383 — — — — 12.08 50.32

 Minimum 2.37 -0.02 1.221 0.129 -0.01 4.496 — — — — 4.241 22.51

 Maximum 3.382 0.216 2.134 0.191 0.086 8.708 — — — — 15.16 60.83

 Std. dev. 0.333 0.063 0.221 0.019 0.026 1.008 — — — — 2.926 9.372

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 13 13

 

2. Side channel Mean 2.587 0.029 1.32 0.139 0.038 6.685 — — — — 10.08 40.9

 Median 2.448 -0.02 1.251 0.141 0.044 7.052 — — — — 10.19 41.88

 Minimum 1.661 -0.02 0.774 0.093 -0.01 3.665 — — — — 6.067 14.42

 Maximum 3.678 0.111 1.76 0.175 0.062 8.767 — — — — 13.73 59.48

 Std. dev. 0.61 0.027 0.34 0.024 0.017 1.37 — — — — 2.16 12.4

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 16 16

 

3. Backwater Mean 2.381 0.049 1.108 0.157 0.024 5.63 — — — — 9.867 41.7

 Median 2.219 -0.02 1.079 0.152 0.018 5.822 — — — — 9.414 43.02

 Minimum 1.412 -0.02 0.157 0.079 -0.01 2.483 — — — — 4.906 17.4

 Maximum 3.415 0.177 2.059 0.355 0.083 7.943 — — — — 14.74 56.8

 Std. dev. 0.557 0.059 0.517 0.049 0.02 1.635 — — — — 2.345 11.49

 N obs. 28 27 27 28 27 27 0 0 0 0 27 27

 

4. Lake Mean 3.136 0.073 1.7 0.326 0.027 6.682 — — — — 11.59 48.1

 Median 3.159 0.047 1.656 0.16 0.023 6.681 — — — — 12 48.31

 Minimum 2.567 -0.02 1.397 0.129 0.01 3.335 — — — — 8.772 34.67

 Maximum 3.586 0.29 2.114 2.889 0.086 8.591 — — — — 13.84 59.27

 Std. dev. 0.296 0.064 0.214 0.684 0.019 1.238 — — — — 1.611 6.027

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 16 16

 
F-24

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1994 Near-surface measurements: fall

1. Main channel Mean 2.905 0.027 2.008 0.149 0.055 7.22 — — — — 12 29.06

 Median 2.862 0.025 2.237 0.146 0.05 7.313 — — — — 14.11 35.36

 Minimum 1.337 -0.02 0.126 0.099 0.024 5.412 — — — — 4.007 4.568

 Maximum 4.232 0.057 3.8 0.196 0.122 8.928 — — — — 15.48 38.76

 Std. dev. 0.875 0.016 1.092 0.027 0.028 1.023 — — — — 4.319 12.1

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 13 13

 

2. Side channel Mean 3.239 0.024 2.551 0.16 0.044 7.5 — — — — 13.31 31.9

 Median 2.92 0.021 2.337 0.15 0.043 7.731 — — — — 14.8 36.41

 Minimum 1.768 -0.02 0.933 0.115 0.027 6.28 — — — — 5.892 13.19

 Maximum 5.626 0.066 3.825 0.215 0.065 8.467 — — — — 23.08 41.37

 Std. dev. 1.037 0.016 1.019 0.028 0.011 0.799 — — — — 4.314 9.336

 N obs. 18 18 18 18 17 17 0 0 0 0 17 17

 

3. Backwater Mean 2.6 0.03 1.791 0.165 0.039 6.813 — — — — 10.79 24.92

 Median 1.974 -0.02 1.063 0.16 0.035 6.586 — — — — 7.695 17.86

 Minimum 1.524 -0.02 0.491 0.107 0.017 4.145 — — — — 4.859 8.878

 Maximum 5.415 0.249 4.624 0.323 0.081 10.25 — — — — 21.89 41.26

 Std. dev. 1.101 0.049 1.177 0.058 0.018 1.336 — — — — 5.087 12.67

 N obs. 24 24 24 24 24 24 0 0 0 0 24 24

 

4. Lake Mean 3.255 0.018 2.675 0.165 0.05 7.978 — — — — 15.16 37.72

 Median 3.048 -0.02 2.44 0.168 0.048 7.829 — — — — 14.92 37.55

 Minimum 2.492 -0.02 1.992 0.125 0.023 7.405 — — — — 11.97 31.56

 Maximum 4.567 0.054 3.773 0.202 0.077 8.708 — — — — 16.91 40.9

 Std. dev. 0.587 0.014 0.559 0.021 0.014 0.406 — — — — 1.176 2.288

 N obs. 17 17 17 17 17 17 0 0 0 0 17 17

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: winter

 

1. Main channel Mean 2.545 0.074 1.943 0.107 0.044 6.776 — — — — 20.2 39.27

 Median 2.433 0.03 1.972 0.099 0.034 6.862 — — — — 20.6 40.97

 Minimum 2.269 -0.02 1.748 0.082 -0.01 6.221 — — — — 14.87 30.9

 Maximum 3.538 0.188 2.039 0.14 0.127 7.119 — — — — 24.09 43.81

 Std. dev. 0.348 0.074 0.085 0.021 0.035 0.295 — — — — 3 3.953

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 13 13

 
F-25

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1995 Near-surface measurements: winter

2. Side channel Mean 2.495 0.093 1.925 0.111 0.052 6.672 — — — — 20.44 38.61

 Median 2.469 0.052 1.95 0.1 0.023 6.668 — — — — 21.89 41.37

 Minimum 2.236 0.021 1.614 0.09 -0.01 5.199 — — — — 9.198 17.79

 Maximum 3.025 0.217 2.459 0.146 0.128 7.384 — — — — 24.91 43.38

 Std. dev. 0.189 0.079 0.209 0.021 0.046 0.461 — — — — 4.43 7.325

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 16 16

 

3. Backwater Mean 2.34 0.135 1.611 0.099 0.022 6.467 — — — — 16.66 32.06

 Median 2.387 0.03 1.818 0.091 0.018 6.748 — — — — 17.65 33.99

 Minimum 0.68 -0.02 0.191 0.023 -0.01 0.907 — — — — 4.451 11.01

 Maximum 3.522 1.525 2.58 0.199 0.109 8.898 — — — — 25.04 44.02

 Std. dev. 0.538 0.35 0.645 0.043 0.024 1.564 — — — — 5.116 9.076

 N obs. 18 18 18 18 17 17 0 0 0 0 17 17

 

4. Lake Mean 2.635 0.059 2.337 0.119 0.026 6.785 — — — — 23.27 44.28

 Median 2.524 0.02 2.041 0.102 0.026 6.757 — — — — 24.02 44.27

 Minimum 2.302 -0.02 1.803 0.092 -0.01 6.155 — — — — 14.41 32.46

 Maximum 4.308 0.184 7.204 0.225 0.06 7.945 — — — — 30.19 50.72

 Std. dev. 0.464 0.064 1.308 0.036 0.014 0.394 — — — — 3.888 5.144

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 16 16

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: spring

 

1. Main channel Mean 3.288 0.055 3.52 0.063 0.005 4.465 — — — — 12.79 63.99

 Median 3.754 0.057 3.708 0.058 -0.01 4.351 — — — — 11.83 61.45

 Minimum 1.703 0.037 1.421 0.04 -0.01 3.843 — — — — 8.477 28.29

 Maximum 4.04 0.082 4.33 0.168 -0.01 5.214 — — — — 17.2 89.31

 Std. dev. 0.761 0.014 0.772 0.033 0 0.438 — — — — 2.593 18.88

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 8 0 0 0 0 8 8

 

2. Side channel Mean 3.118 0.056 3.408 0.052 0.005 4.349 — — — — 12.79 65.67

 Median 3.212 0.054 3.499 0.044 -0.01 4.275 — — — — 12.37 64.91

 Minimum 1.623 0.031 1.355 0.037 -0.01 3.682 — — — — 8.802 31.42

 Maximum 4.312 0.082 4.235 0.09 -0.01 5.084 — — — — 15.17 82.73

 Std. dev. 0.75 0.016 0.822 0.015 0 0.344 — — — — 2.346 17.5

 N obs. 16 16 16 16 16 10 0 0 0 0 10 10

 
F-26

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1995 Near-surface measurements: spring

3. Backwater Mean 3.109 0.048 2.994 0.048 0.005 4.017 — — — — 11.42 53.84

 Median 3.304 0.049 3.334 0.046 -0.01 4.332 — — — — 11.98 57.18

 Minimum 0.652 -0.02 0.125 0.035 -0.01 1.966 — — — — 5.567 6.365

 Maximum 7.812 0.077 4.439 0.065 0.011 5.327 — — — — 16.37 83.91

 Std. dev. 1.307 0.014 1.244 0.008 0.001 0.921 — — — — 3.637 24.28

 N obs. 30 30 30 30 30 13 0 0 0 0 13 13

 

4. Lake Mean 3.318 0.047 3.839 0.05 0.008 5.051 — — — — 15.17 69.59

 Median 3.41 0.044 3.796 0.047 -0.01 5.041 — — — — 14.86 68.2

 Minimum 0.927 -0.02 3.268 0.039 -0.01 4.808 — — — — 14.12 63.41

 Maximum 3.954 0.084 4.43 0.078 0.045 5.204 — — — — 16.81 77.04

 Std. dev. 0.665 0.022 0.327 0.01 0.01 0.135 — — — — 0.91 5.908

 N obs. 17 17 17 17 17 6 0 0 0 0 6 6

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: summer

 

1. Main channel Mean 3.168 0.074 2.151 0.228 0.069 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.601 0.076 1.56 0.261 0.078 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.194 0.039 0.975 0.137 0.022 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.398 0.107 3.481 0.307 0.094 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.955 0.022 1.031 0.062 0.022 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

2. Side channel Mean 3.289 0.071 2.183 0.213 0.057 8.291 — — — — 13.87 58.65

 Median 2.876 0.066 1.584 0.189 0.051 8.291 — — — — 13.87 58.65

 Minimum 2.102 0.035 0.895 0.148 0.025 8.291 — — — — 13.87 58.65

 Maximum 5.45 0.103 3.528 0.295 0.092 8.291 — — — — 13.87 58.65

 Std. dev. 1.048 0.023 1.05 0.056 0.02 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 13 15 15 13 16 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

 

3. Backwater Mean 2.512 0.08 1.138 0.203 0.046 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.474 0.071 0.954 0.186 0.047 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.311 0.03 -0.01 0.148 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.448 0.277 3.45 0.383 0.093 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.715 0.049 0.842 0.059 0.025 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 23 26 26 23 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-27

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1995 Near-surface measurements: summer

4. Lake Mean 3.203 0.064 1.991 0.232 0.064 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.916 0.063 1.802 0.215 0.062 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.647 -0.02 1.42 0.167 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.863 0.108 3.46 0.427 0.098 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.678 0.031 0.513 0.069 0.026 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 17 15 15 17 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1995 Near-surface measurements: fall

 

1. Main channel Mean 4.365 0.081 1.011 0.137 0.031 5.759 — — — — 15.63 39.47

 Median 2.245 0.08 0.808 0.124 0.03 6.23 — — — — 15.45 38.86

 Minimum 1.544 0.063 0.575 0.087 0.016 3.978 — — — — 14.97 38.22

 Maximum 17.93 0.099 1.413 0.196 0.042 6.503 — — — — 16.98 41.6

 Std. dev. 5.286 0.011 0.332 0.031 0.009 0.959 — — — — 0.692 1.245

 N obs. 12 12 12 12 12 6 0 0 0 0 6 6

 

2. Side channel Mean 2.533 0.075 1.018 0.128 0.03 5.289 — — — — 14.01 39.88

 Median 1.979 0.071 0.816 0.126 0.031 5.272 — — — — 14.13 38.54

 Minimum 1.339 0.04 0.427 0.089 0.018 4.034 — — — — 11.45 35.85

 Maximum 12.12 0.109 1.524 0.182 0.051 6.165 — — — — 15.87 44.5

 Std. dev. 2.417 0.022 0.376 0.029 0.01 0.811 — — — — 1.22 3.375

 N obs. 18 18 18 18 18 8 0 0 0 0 8 8

 

3. Backwater Mean 2.147 0.054 0.621 0.118 0.032 4.836 — — — — 15.73 37.48

 Median 1.569 0.043 0.537 0.109 0.033 4.922 — — — — 15.75 36.75

 Minimum 0.939 0.03 0.21 0.072 -0.01 3.523 — — — — 14.39 33.91

 Maximum 16.52 0.142 1.391 0.223 0.085 5.483 — — — — 18.56 41.36

 Std. dev. 2.843 0.026 0.301 0.038 0.014 0.67 — — — — 1.387 2.495

 N obs. 28 28 28 28 28 7 0 0 0 0 7 7

 

4. Lake Mean 2.061 0.086 0.955 0.124 0.031 4.515 — — — — 16.16 39.45

 Median 1.862 0.084 0.836 0.124 0.029 4.108 — — — — 14.28 36.86

 Minimum 1.584 -0.02 0.753 0.108 0.016 4.108 — — — — 14.28 36.86

 Maximum 4.781 0.137 1.41 0.144 0.054 4.922 — — — — 18.04 42.05

 Std. dev. 0.731 0.029 0.233 0.01 0.01 0.576 — — — — 2.659 3.668

 N obs. 17 17 17 16 17 2 0 0 0 0 2 2

 
F-28

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: winter

1. Main channel Mean 2.513 0.295 1.533 0.114 0.043 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.606 0.308 1.483 0.119 0.042 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.081 0.218 1.42 0.071 0.036 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.77 0.38 1.772 0.132 0.051 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.191 0.051 0.121 0.018 0.004 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

2. Side channel Mean 2.48 0.259 1.503 0.108 0.041 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.423 0.249 1.482 0.101 0.038 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.198 0.195 1.283 0.065 0.027 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.916 0.34 1.724 0.223 0.057 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.184 0.045 0.16 0.033 0.009 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 18 18 18 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

3. Backwater Mean 2.47 0.29 1.503 0.108 0.041 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.449 0.277 1.464 0.108 0.038 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.859 0.201 0.923 0.051 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.829 0.594 1.801 0.185 0.102 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.27 0.098 0.235 0.029 0.02 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 19 19 19 19 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 2.594 0.282 1.65 0.118 0.05 — — — — — — —

 Median 2.637 0.294 1.667 0.12 0.05 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 2.214 0.043 1.296 0.039 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.837 0.344 1.969 0.141 0.116 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.16 0.065 0.173 0.022 0.021 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 17 17 17 17 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1996 Near-surface measurements: spring

 

1. Main channel Mean 1.428 — 0.514 0.089 0.044 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.419 — 0.566 0.087 0.044 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.827 — 0.304 0.046 0.036 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.93 — 0.622 0.123 0.052 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.325 — 0.111 0.027 0.005 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 12 0 12 12 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-29

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: spring

2. Side channel Mean 1.735 — 0.547 0.092 0.042 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.43 — 0.534 0.093 0.041 — — — — — — —

 Minimum -0.1 — 0.256 0.057 0.035 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 8.27 — 0.883 0.147 0.054 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 1.63 — 0.128 0.023 0.005 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 19 0 19 19 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.62 — 0.488 0.09 0.043 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.516 — 0.48 0.083 0.043 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.826 — 0.221 0.041 0.035 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 4.656 — 0.648 0.157 0.055 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.685 — 0.093 0.026 0.006 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 26 0 26 26 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 1.607 — 0.472 0.081 0.038 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.469 — 0.469 0.071 0.037 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.821 — 0.4 0.049 0.034 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.721 — 0.547 0.169 0.042 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.613 — 0.038 0.031 0.002 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 0 16 16 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1996 Near-surface measurements: summer

 

1. Main channel Mean 1.884 0.044 1.05 0.149 0.038 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.78 -0.02 1.09 0.147 0.031 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.864 -0.02 0.33 0.095 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.347 0.169 1.439 0.204 0.091 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.572 0.052 0.273 0.031 0.027 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 15 15 15 12 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

2. Side channel Mean 1.588 0.027 0.837 0.155 0.03 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.592 0.02 0.835 0.15 0.033 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.109 -0.02 0.298 0.094 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.949 0.086 1.218 0.215 0.07 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.308 0.023 0.284 0.035 0.018 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 10 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-30

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: summer

3. Backwater Mean 1.611 0.045 0.652 0.193 0.031 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.825 0.029 0.558 0.172 0.025 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.229 -0.02 -0.01 0.114 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.948 0.178 1.344 0.402 0.071 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.524 0.045 0.379 0.062 0.021 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 29 29 29 22 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

4. Lake Mean 1.999 0.076 1.216 0.161 0.041 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.966 0.074 1.277 0.151 0.032 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.706 -0.02 0.599 0.134 -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 2.392 0.15 1.517 0.238 0.092 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.203 0.048 0.214 0.027 0.023 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 12 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

 

1996 Near-surface measurements: fall

 

1. Main channel Mean 1.49 0.026 0.708 — 0.012 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.381 0.021 0.673 — 0.011 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.203 -0.02 0.486 — -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.827 0.1 0.913 — 0.025 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.225 0.025 0.161 — 0.007 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 13 13 13 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

2. Side channel Mean 1.674 0.034 0.698 — 0.021 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.542 -0.02 0.684 — 0.017 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.244 -0.02 0.325 — -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 3.067 0.087 0.972 — 0.037 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.479 0.031 0.151 — 0.01 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 

3. Backwater Mean 1.345 0.026 0.528 — 0.011 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.303 -0.02 0.478 — -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 0.93 -0.02 -0.01 — -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.798 0.143 1.042 — 0.03 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.278 0.03 0.253 — 0.008 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 28 28 28 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-31

Table F-2. Continued.

Sampling Statistic (N mg/L) (N mg/L) e s (P mg/L) (P mg/L) (Si mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)

stratum (N mg/L)

Total nitrogen Ammonium Nitrate–nitrit phosphoru reactive P Silica Calcium Magnesium Potassium Sodium Chloride Sulfate

Total Soluble

1996 Near-surface measurements: fall

4. Lake Mean 1.644 0.03 0.741 — 0.016 — — — — — — —

 Median 1.616 0.025 0.74 — 0.013 — — — — — — —

 Minimum 1.4 -0.02 0.645 — -0.01 — — — — — — —

 Maximum 1.937 0.082 0.815 — 0.04 — — — — — — —

 Std. dev. 0.159 0.02 0.056 — 0.01 — — — — — — —

 N obs. 16 16 16 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 
F-32

Figure F-1. Water temperature (EC) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through fall

1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th and

10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-33

Figure F-2. Dissolved oxygen (mg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through fall

1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th and

10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-34

Figure F-3. Dissolved oxygen saturation (%) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through

fall 1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th

and 10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-35

Figure F-4. Specfic conductivity (μS) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through fall

1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th and

10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-36

Figure F-5. Secchi disk transparency (cm) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through

fall 1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th

and 10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-37

Figure F-6. Turbidity (NTU) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through fall 1996. Each

sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th and 10th

percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the maximum

and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-38

Figure F-7. Total suspended solids (mg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through

fall 1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th

and 10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-39

Figure F-8. Total nitrogen (mg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through fall 1996.

Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th and 10th

percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the maximum

and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-40

Figure F-9. Nitrate–nitrite nitrogen (mg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through

fall 1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th

and 10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-41

Figure F-10. Ammonium nitrogen (mg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through

fall 1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th

and 10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-42

Figure F-11. Total phosphorus (mg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93) through fall

1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode, the 90th and

10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend to the

maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-43

Figure F-12 Soluble reactive phosphorus (mg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93)

through fall 1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode,

the 90th and 10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend

to the maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
F-44

Figure F-13. Fluorometric chlorophyll a (μg/L) in stratified random sampling episodes from spring 1993 (Sp93)

through fall 1996. Each sampling stratum is plotted separately. A solid line connects the medians of each episode,

the 90th and 10th percentiles of the data are shown by the upper and lower extent of the box, and vertical lines extend

to the maximum and minimum values (or to the limits of the plotting axis).
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved

OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing

data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or

any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information

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Project (0704-0188), Washington, D.C. 20503

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

October 1999

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS

 Limnological monitoring on the Upper Mississippi River System, 1993–1996: Lake City Field Station. 

6. AUTHOR(S)

David M. Soballe, Robert Burdis, and Walt Popp 1 2 2

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION

U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Enviromental Sciences Center, 2630 Fanta Reed Road, La Crosse, Wisconsin 1

54603.

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 1801 S. Oak Street, Lake City, Minnesota 55041. 2

 REPORT NUMBER

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING

U.S. Geological Survey

Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center 99-P003

2630 Fanta Reed Road

La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603

 AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

Release unlimited. Available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161

(1-800-553-6847 or 703-487-4650. Available to registered users from the Defense Technical Information Center, Attn: Help

Desk, 8725 Kingman Road, Suite 0944, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6218 (1-800-225-3842 or 703-767-9050).

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

Since 1988, the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) has performed basic limnological field measurements in the Upper Mississippi River System. The

period of this report (1993–96) includes a major revision of the LTRMP sampling design in 1993 that added randomization, broader spatial coverage, and increased

monitoring of tributaries and locations that allow monitoring of material transport.

Monitoring by the Lake City Field Station reported here shows water quality differences among the tributaries to Pools 4 and 5, spatial and temporal patterns within

these pools, and the sediment and nutrient trapping effects of Lake Pepin, a natural impoundment of the Mississippi River.

14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES

Annual report, limnology, LTRMP, Mississippi River, water quality 17 pp. + Appendixes A–F

16. PRICE CODE

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

 OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified
The Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) for the Upper Mississippi

River System was authorized under the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 as 

an element of the Environmental Management Program. The mission of the LTRMP

is to provide river managers with information for maintaining the Upper Mississippi 

River System as a sustainable large river ecosystem given its multiple-use character.

The LTRMP is a cooperative effort by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Army Corps

of Engineers, and the States of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin.