1

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

 Mail Code 5401G

 March 10, 2000

 OFFICE OF 

SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY

 RESPONSE

MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT: List of Leak Detection Evaluations for Underground Storage Tank Systems -

Seventh Edition

FROM: Sammy Ng, Acting Director

Office of Underground Storage Tanks

TO: Addressees (see below) and All Interested Parties

This cover memo transmits the attached list and provides additional information about its 

appropriate use and about EPA's involvement with it. Previous editions of the List of Leak 

Detection Evaluations have been very helpful tools to the underground storage tank (UST) 

community, and we are pleased to make this new edition available.

The List and Its Use

The List of Leak Detection Evaluations is based on reviews by the independent National 

Work Group on Leak Detection Evaluations, consisting of state and EPA UST program staff. 

Therefore, this List is not an EPA list. Furthermore, neither EPA nor the work group approve or 

will approve leak detection systems for compliance in any particular location. Approval or 

acceptance of systems is the responsibility of the implementing agency -- in most cases the state 

environmental agency. You should contact this agency regarding the approval or acceptance of 

leak detection systems in a particular area.

The List contains information on underground storage tank and piping leak detection 

system evaluations that have met certain criteria. To be included, an evaluation must have been 

performed by an independent third party, in accordance with EPA or equivalent test procedure 

(protocol), and with leak rates blind to the evaluator. The List includes evaluations that followed 

either an EPA protocol, a national voluntary consensus standard, or other accepted test 

procedures developed by an independent third party. 

There is an Under Review section that lists evaluations about which the work group has 

received information, and is either reviewing or has requested additional information needed to 

clarify the evaluation. Listing of an evaluation as "under review" in no way implies that the 

evaluation does or does not meet the review criteria.
2

The List also includes a separate listing of protocols under which listed evaluations were 

performed. Finally, some optional maintenance checklists are included; these can help users get 

the most out of leak detection systems.

We believe that the List will continue to be of great benefit to those throughout the UST 

community. However, please remember that it has inherent limitations. It is based on 

evaluations, which are one-time events, often conducted in a lab setting according to protocols 

that do not test all aspects of a system. Therefore, appearance on the List does not mean that a 

particular system will work or comply with regulations at any particular site. For these reasons, 

the List cannot be the final word; you should base your decisions on all available sources of 

information. 

Distribution

The work group updates the List periodically, as new evaluations and information are 

reviewed. The most recent version is always available in electronic form for downloading, 

viewing, and printing via the Internet at:

http://www.epa.gov/OUST/pubs/index.htm 

It is available in Adobe’s Portable Document Format (PDF), Microsoft Word (the original 

version), and WordPerfect 5.1. For help with access, contact Hal White at white.hal@epa.gov or 

at (703)603-7177.

EPA has printed copies of this seventh edition of the List, but anticipates that future 

editions of the List will be available only in electronic format.

Related Evaluation Issues

The List of Leak Detection Evaluations addresses important needs, but there are multiple 

other concerns regarding leak detection that we believe need to be be tter addressed. One need is 

for better compliance with the federal, state, and local requirements to conduct leak detection. 

The best system is of no use if it is not even used.

Another need is for proper operation and maintenance. The federal regulations require 

that leak detection systems be “installed, calibrated, operated and maintained in accordance with 

the manufacturer’s instructions” (40 CFR 280.40(a)(2)), and it makes good business sense to 

perform scheduled maintenance. Despite this, operation and maintenance are often not done. 

Thus we have an initiative on Improving Operation and Maintenance. To learn more, please 

contact Paul Miller at miller.paul@epa.gov or (703)603-7165.

Finally, there are issues related to the evaluation process, the original EPA standard test 

procedures (also called the evaluation protocols), and new technologies and protocols. One issue 

is whether revisions are needed to one or more of the existing protocols, to reflect advances in 

technology, changes in the way UST systems are operated, advances in the collective knowledge 

base about leak detection, and recommendations that regulators strengthen leak prevention and 

detection. We welcome input from those familiar with the third-party evaluation process and 

with the various protocols available for use, both EPA’s and those developed by other 

organizations. The contact is Tim Smith; contact information follows.
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Additional information

If you have an evaluation to submit or if you have comments about a particular listing, 

please see the instructions in the attached memorandum from the Work Group’s Chair. 

Comments are always welcomed.

I hope that our distribution of this package is helpful to you. If you have questions about 

our distribution, please contact Tim Smith. He may be reached by e-mail at smith.tmr@epa.gov, 

by phone at (703)603-7158, by fax at (703)603-9163, or by U.S. Mail at the letterhead address 

above.

Attachment: List of Leak Detection Evaluations for Underground Storage Tank Systems -

Seventh Edition

Addressees:

UST/LUST Regional Program Managers

State UST Contacts

Anthony Tafuri, NRMRL Edison

Vendors appearing on List of Leak Detection Evaluations

Members of National Work Group on Leak Detection Evaluations

Stephen Crimaudo, Ass'n of State and Territorial Solid Waste Mgt. Officials

American Society Of Petroleum Operations Engineers

Prentiss Searles, American Petroleum Institute

Arlene Alexander, National Association of Convenience Stores

Thomas West, National Association of Texaco Wholesalers

Bob Renkes, Petroleum Equipment Institute

Melissa Young, Petroleum Marketers Association of America

Mark Morgan, Petroleum Transportation & Storage Association

Roy Littlefield, Service Station Dealers of America

Tom Osborne, Society of Independent Gasoline Marketers of America

cc (cover only):

Regional Program Managers’ Supervisors

Kathy Nam, OGC

Joan Olmstead, OECA

OUST Management Team

OUST Desk Officers
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5

 ALABAMA

 DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

ADEM

March 10, 2000

MEMORANDUM

TO: Vendors of Leak Detection Equipment/Systems and Other Interested Parties

FROM: Curt D. Johnson, NWGLDE Chair

RE: National Work Group on Leak Detection Evaluation’s (NWGLDE) List of Leak

Detection Evaluations for underground storage tank systems - Seventh Edition

Following this memo (and the attachments), you will find the latest edition of our list. In this 

edition we have continued our efforts to combine data sheets where possible in order to 

streamline the list. We hope this will make the list more convenient and easier to use.

If you need to contact other members in the work group, the necessary information is included for 

them after this memo. Also, the work group team and team leaders are listed on the page 

following the member list to help you determine who you may need to contact.

Please send new evaluations and/or protocols to be evaluated by the work group to the team 

leader and all the members of the team. To enable the work group to properly review the 

third-party tests, one (1) copy of all applicable information indicated in the enclosed "Leak 

Detection Equipment Review - Document List" must be sent to the team leader and each team 

member.

In the interest of expediting third party evaluation reviews, maintaining consistency among 

evaluations, and adhering to the accepted evaluation protocols, the NWGLDE has adopted 

the following policies:

1. In order for an evaluation to be listed, third party evaluation reports must clearly state 

which protocol was used to conduct the evaluation. The Work Group will not review 

any evaluations that do not follow either:

a. An EPA protocol, or

b. An alternative protocol reviewed and accepted by the Work Group.

Acceptance must be obtained before the Work Group will begin the evaluation review. 

Changes to an existing protocol must be discussed with, and accepted by the Work 

Group before testing, or before continuing testing if the evaluator identifies concerns 

during testing. Regular communication with Work Group members can expedite the 

review. For planning purposes, anticipate at least a six-month review process for a 

complete evaluation package.
6

2. A vendor desiring to list their system as a continuous or automated in-tank leak 

detection system should submit an evaluation for that system which followed the 

Continuous In Tank Leak Detection System (CITLDS) or equivalent protocol. If 

modifications to the CITLDS or equivalent protocol are used, Work Group approval of 

the protocol must be obtained before the third party testing occurs. Data used within 

this type of system must be automatically gathered and transmitted for analysis and 

monitoring.

3. If a problem is discovered with a third party test after a system data sheet has been 

added to the List, the vendor shall be given a reasonable time period to provide 

information clarifying the test. The data sheet listing will be removed from the List and 

instead listed in the "Under Review" section if:

a. The vendor must re -test the system to correct the problem,

b. The vendor fails to meet the time frame set by the Work Group,

c. The vendor fails to respond to this request.

The system data sheet may be reinstated on the List after all third party test concerns 

are resolved. If concerns cannot be resolved or if there is no response from the vendor, 

the system will no longer appear on the list.

Since the first draft list was sent out back in January of 1995, the list has sometimes been referred 

to as the "EPA work group list of approved leak detection equipment". The work group and EPA 

are concerned that similar statements may begin to appear in sales literature distributed by 

vendors. We request that you do not refer to the list in this way for the following reasons:

1. This is not an EPA or EPA work group list. This list was prepared by an

 independent work group consisting of state and EPA members.

2. Neither EPA nor the work group approve leak detection equipment or procedures. The 

draft list does not include "approved" leak detection equipment/procedures. It includes leak 

detection equipment/procedures that the work group reviewed and confirmed, were thirdparty tested in accordance with either an EPA or other acceptable test protocol, and the test 

confirmed that the equipment/procedures met EPA performance standards under test 

conditions. Approval or acceptance of leak detection equipment and procedures is the 

responsibility of the implementing agency, which in most cases is the state environmental 

agency.

We would appreciate any comments you have concerning the list. Please provide comment by 

using the list of leak detection evaluations user survey and send survey to me at the address, 

phone number, fax number or e-mail address listed on the next page.

Attachments: Work Group Members, Work Group Teams, Leak Detection Equipment Review 

Document List, List of Leak Detection Evaluations User Survey, Latest Edition of List of Leak 

Detection Evaluations for UST Systems
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WORK GROUP MEMBERS

MEMBER ADDRESS PHONE/FAX/E-MAIL

Curt D. Johnson Alabama Department of Environmental 

Management 

PO Box 301463 

Montgomery, AL 36130-1463

(334) 271-7986 

Fax (334) 270-5631

cdj@adem.state.al.us

Beth DeHaas Maine Department of Environmental 

Protection 

Statehouse Station No. 17 

Augusta, ME 04333

(207) 287-2651 

Fax (207) 287-7826

beth.dehaas@state.me.us

Russ 

Brauksieck

New York State Department of 

Environmental Conservation 

50 Wolf Rd., Room 360 

Albany, NY 12233-3750

(518) 457-4351 

Fax (518) 457-4332

rxbrauks@gw.dec.state.ny.us

Tim Smith USEPA (Mail Address) (Fed Ex Address)

1301 Pennsylvania Ave. 1235 Jefferson

 Northwest Davis Hwy.

 5402G 13th Floor

 Washington, DC Arlington, VA

 20460 22202

(703) 603-7158

Fax (703) 603-0175

smith.timr@epamail.epa.gov

Shahla 

Farahnak 

California State Water Resource Control 

Board Division of Clean Water Program 

PO Box 944212 

Sacramento, CA 94244-2120

(916) 227-4350 

Fax (916) 227-4349

farahnas@gwgate.swrcb.ca.gov

Jeff Tobin State of Montana

Department of Environmental Quality

Box 200901

Helena, MT 59620-0901

(406) 444-1417 

Fax (406) 444-1902

jtobin@state.mt.us

Edward Olson Minnesota Pollution Control Agency

18 Wood Lake Drive SE

Rochester, MN 55904-5506

(507) 280-2971

Fax (507) 280-5513

edward.olson@pca.state.mn.us

Jennifer 

Bravinder

U.S. EPA Region 9

Underground Storage Tanks Office 

WST-8

75 Hawthorne Street

San Francisco, CA 94105

(415) 744-2077

Fax (415) 744-1044

bravinder.jennifer@epamail.epa.gov

John Kneece South Carolina Department of Health and 

Environmental Control

2600 Bull Street

Columbia, SC 29201

(803) 898-4364

Fax (803) 898-4330

kneeceje@columb26.dhec.state.sc.us

Jon Reeder Florida Department of Environmental 

Protection

3804 Coconut Palm Drive

Tampa, FL 33619-8318

(813) 744-6100 Ext. 472

Fax (813) 744-6125

jon.reeder@dep.state.fl.us
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WORK GROUP TEAMS

TEAM LEADER MEMBERS

Automatic Tank Gauging (ATG) Methods, 

Volumetric Tank Tightness Test (VTTT) Methods, 

Bulk Field-Constructed Tank Tightness Test 

Methods

Russ Brauksieck Beth DeHaas

Ed Olson

Continuous In-Tank Leak Detection Methods Shahla Farahnak Jennifer Bravinder

Non-Volumetric Tank Tightness Test Methods Jeff Tobin Shahla Farahnak

John Kneece

Pipeline Leak Detection Methods Jeff Tobin John Kneece

Ed Olson

Statistical Inventory Reconciliation (SIR) Methods Jon Reeder Jennifer Bravinder

John Kneece

Sensor and Vacuum Methods Tim Smith Jon Reeder

Shahla Farahnak

List Administration and Surveys Curt Johnson Tim Smith

 
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LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT REVIEW - DOCUMENT LIST 

This information lists the documentation required for review of third-party evaluation of 

underground storage tank and line leak detection equipment/systems. 

1. A complete third-party evaluation report, including: 

 a. Details of the evaluation procedure if the EPA standard procedure was not used for the 

evaluation. If the EPA evaluation procedure was used, list any deviations or modifications to 

the procedure. 

 b. A complete set of all the EPA required attachment sheets. 

 c. Individual test logs and/or field notes. 

 d. Statistical calculations and any applicable graphs or charts generated during the 

evaluation.

 e. A statement from the evaluator confirming that all equipment at the test site was properly 

maintained and calibrated to the level of accuracy necessary for a valid evaluation.

 2. An outline of the manufacturer’s operating procedures for the equipment/system. The

summary procedure must be dated and include a revision number, if applicable. A copy of the 

summary procedure must be provided to the third-party evaluator for enclosure in the report. 

Also required is a statement from the manufacturer confirming the use of the submitted 

procedure during the evaluation.

 3. A complete installation/operations manual for the equipment/system.

 4. A sample of the test report (including field work-sheets) which will be submitted to the 

owner/local implementing agency.

 5. An outline of the test procedures in high groundwater areas. These procedures should be

reviewed for adequacy by the third-party evaluator and a statement to that effect should be 

included with the report.

 6. An outline of the test procedures for manifold tank systems. These procedures should be

reviewed for adequacy by the third-party evaluator and a statement to that effect should be 

included with the report.

 7. An affidavit from the manufacturer confirming that there are no mutual financial interests 

between the equipment manufacturer and the third-party evaluator.

 8. A resume, including all applicable formal training and experience, from personnel who 

conducted the evaluation.

 9. Equipment calibration procedures and manufacturer recommended schedule of 

calibration.
10

LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT REVIEW - DOCUMENT LIST (Continued)

10. The name, address, and phone number of the technical personnel serving as the 

manufacturer’s representative for the response to the regulatory agency questions on the 

equipment/system.

11. Correspondence letters from state agencies who have reviewed the equipment/system.

12. The following documentation for all permanently-installed leak detection equipment:

a. A list of installers authorized by the manufacturer to install the leak detection equipment.

b. A list of service personnel authorized by the manufacturer to conduct the annual functional 

test (required for all leak detection equipment).

c. An outline of the maintenance procedure (including a list of the parts or functions of the 

system to be checked, calibrated, or programmed) for the annual functional test by authorized 

service personnel.

d. An outline (1-2 pages) “Equipment Check Guidelines for Inspectors” prepared by the 

manufacturer. This summary should guide local agency inspectors on proper field procedures 

to follow when inspecting equipment for proper operation, for attempting to access the stored 

history (for alarms or failed tests) to determine compliance with state requirements.

e. A sample of the reports generated and/or printed by the equipment (for all equipment 

models), and an explanation of the items in the report, if not self-explanatory.

f. Information on how the control panel modules connected to the various probes are 

labeled. The information on the panel should be directly comparable to the equipment name, 

model/part/probe number which will be included in the committee’s list. If necessary, a 

permanent label containing that information should be affixed to the panel.

13. The following documentation for the systems using tracer analysis:

a. The name and certification of the laboratory analyzing vapor samples.

b. Quality Assurance Manual of the laboratory.

c. The method and amount of tracer injection.

d. The vapor sample collection method and chain of custody records.

e. The third-party certification for capability of the system to detect leaks from the ullage 

portion of the tank.
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LIST OF LEAK DETECTION EVALUATIONS USER SURVEY

1. I work in the following state(s) 

2. My main job function is (circle one)

Regulatory(Circle M for manager, I for inspector) Leak Detection Vendor(manufacturer and/or service co.)

Financial responsibility insurance/assurance agency Tank owner/operator

Other (specify)

3. I have used the list while working with UST systems and release detection. (YES) (NO)

Comments:

4. I have reviewed the National Work Group on Leak Detection Evaluations' list and find it: (circle all that apply)

Easy to follow Good format Useful for my work Up to date Complete Accurate

Difficult to follow Poor format Of no use for my work Outdated Incomplete Inaccurate

Comments:

5. I would benefit from receiving training on the use and applications of the list. (YES) (NO)

Comments:

6. I feel the National Work Group on Leak Detection Evaluations' list has improved upon the quality of leak 

detection equipment and its use in my state(s). (YES) (NO)

Comments:

7. I would like for the National Work Group on Leak Detection Evaluations to continue to focus on improving the 

quality of leak detection equipment and services by continuing to review third party evaluations. (YES) (NO)

Comments:

8. I still have the following concerns about leak detection equipment in my state (circle all that apply).

Equipment quality

Improper equipment installation

Improper equipment servicing/calibration/maintenance (Owner or Service Co.)

Inadequate field services (tank and line tightness testing, sample collection, etc.)

Inadequate regulatory authority for addressing vendors/service companies which provides services of 

questionable quality.

Comments:

 

9. I have the following suggestions on how the Work Group could provide further assistance to me in addressing 

my concerns related to leak detection (attach additional pages if more space is needed).

10. I have the following additional comments on the list (negative, positive, and suggestions for improvement are 

welcomed, attach additional pages if more space is needed.)

PLEASE SEND COMPLETED SURVEY TO: CURT JOHNSON, ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF 

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT P.O. BOX 301463, MONTGOMERY, AL 36130-1463
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i

SEVENTH EDITION

LIST OF LEAK DETECTION 

EVALUATIONS FOR

UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK 

(UST) SYSTEMS

March 10, 2000
ii

DISCLAIMER

This list of Leak Detection Evaluations was prepared by a work group 

consisting of State and EPA members and is limited to evaluations of leak 

detection equipment and procedures, or systems, that the work group has 

completed review of, and that were conducted by an independent third-party 

evaluator with leak rates blind to the vendor. This list includes evaluations 

conducted in accordance with either EPA Standard Test Procedures for 

Evaluating Leak Detection Methods (EPA/530/UST-90/004 through 010) or 

other acceptable protocols. The list includes an Under Review category, for 

evaluations which the work group’s review could not be finalized prior to 

publication. The listing of system evaluations as “under review” in no way 

implies that the evaluations do or do not meet the criteria for which 

evaluations are reviewed.
iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I - LEAK DETECTION TEST METHODS AND EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS 1

(Alphabetical by test method, then by vendor, next by equipment/system model, 

and finally by leak rate or operating principle.)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR 2

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR 4

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD 5

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK LEAK DETECTION METHOD 8

CONTINUOUS IN-TANK LEAK DETECTION METHOD 8

DOUBLE WALLED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD 9

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR 9

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD 10

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR 10

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR 13

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (TRACER) 13

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE) 14

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (VACUUM) 15

PRESSURE/VACUUM INTERSTITIAL MONITOR 15

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUALITATIVE) 16

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE) 16

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR 17

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL) 17

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL) (Edison Lab Protocol) 18

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL) 18
iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART II - LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS 19

(Alphabetical by vendor, then by test method, next by equipment/system model,

and finally by leak rate.)

Absolute Precision Testing Systems 20

Advanced Tank Technology, Inc. 21

Advanced Telemetrics, Ltd. 22

Agar Corp. 24

Alert Technologies, Inc. 25

Andover Controls Corp. 29

Armstrong Monitoring Corp. 32

ASTTest Services Inc. 34

Beaudreau Electronics, Inc. 35

Bell Avon, Inc. 37

Brooks KWK, Inc. 38

Caldon, Inc. 39

Caldwell Systems Corp. 40

Campo/Miller, Inc. 42

Coggins Systems, Inc. 44

Computerizing, Inc. 45

Containment Solutions, Inc. (formerly Fluid Containment and O/C Tanks) 46

Control Engineers 48

EBW, Inc. 50

EFA Technologies, Inc. 53

Egemin Naamloze Vennootschap 54

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. 56

Engineered Systems, Inc. 64

Entropy Limited 65

Environment and Safety 67

Environmental Fuel Systems, Inc. 68

EnviroSIR LLC 69
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART II - LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS

(Continued)

FCI Environmental, Inc. 70

FDR Services, Inc. 72

FE Petro, Inc. 73

Gasboy International (formerly William M. Wilson's Sons) 76

Gems Sensors, Inc. (formerly IMO Industries, Inc.) 77

Hasstech 78

Heath Consultants, Inc. 81

Horner EZY CHECK 85

Horner Products, Inc. 91

HT Technologies, Inc. 95

Ibex Industries 96

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. 97

Keekor Environmental Products 105

Leak Detection Systems, Inc. 106

Mallory Controls 107

Marconi Commerce Systems (Gilbarco Environmental Products) 109

Marley Pump Co. 122

Mass Technology Corp. 136

Mine Safety Appliances 139

NESCO (formerly Arizona Instrument Corp.) 140

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc. 144

One Plus Corp. 146

Patriot Sensors and Controls Corp. (formerly MagneTek) 147

PermAlert 149

Petro Vend, Inc. 153

Pneumercator Company, Inc. 163

ProTank, Inc. 166
vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART II - LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS

(Continued)

Raychem Corp. 174

Ronan Engineering Co. 175

Schuster Instruments 178

Simmons Corp. 179

SIR International, Inc. 181

SIR Monitor (formerly Environmental Management Technologies) 182

Sir Phoenix, Inc. 183

Soiltest, Inc. 184

Steel Tank Institute 185

Syscorp, Inc. 187

Tank Automation, Inc. 188

Tanknology - NDE 189

TeleData, Inc. 199

Tidel Engineering, Inc. 200

Tokheim Corp. 209

Tracer Research Corp. 210

Training and Services Corp. 215

Triangle Environmental, Inc. 216

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc. 220

USTest, Inc. 225

USTMAN Industries, Inc. 229

Vaporless Manufacturing 233

Veeder-Root 239

Vista Research, Inc. 259

Warren Rogers Associates, Inc. 271

Warrick Controls, Inc. 273

Watson Systems, Inc. (formerly EnviroQuest Technologies Limited) 276
vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART II - LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS 

(Continued)

Western Environmental Resources 277

Xerxes Corp. 280
viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART III - LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS THIRD PARTY EVALUATIONS

UNDER REVIEW 281

(Alphabetical by vendor, then by test method, next by equipment/system model.)

PART IV - ACCEPTABLE TEST PROTOCOLS 285

(Alphabetical by test method, then by protocol date.)

PART V - LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE CHECKLIST 289

APPENDIX - GLOSSARY OF TERMS 295
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

1

PART I

LEAK DETECTION TEST METHODS

AND EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS

ALPHABETICAL BY TEST METHOD,

THEN BY VENDOR,

NEXT BY EQUIPMENT/SYSTEM MODEL,

FINALLY BY LEAK RATE OR OPERATING PRINCIPLE
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

2

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX PIPELINE CAPACITY

Campo/Miller, Inc. LS300, LS300 N/C, LS300-120, LS300-120 XLC, 

LS300-120 PLUS, LS300-120 PLUS A/S

3 gph/2.36 gph/35.36 gallons

LS300-120 PLUS AL, LS300-120 PLUS AL A/S, 

LS300-120 PLUS AL LSI

3 gph/1.5 gph/163 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/163 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/163 gallons

Control Engineers Line Leak Detector, Model LLP2 3.0 gph/1.88 gph/89 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/89 gallons

Emco Electronics, 

Tuthill Corp.

EECO System LLD (Q0011) 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/67.4 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1293 gph/67.4 gallons

0.1 gph/0.0793 gph/67.4 gallons

EECO System LLD

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/49.6 gallons

0.1 gph/0.0793 gph/49.6 gallons

INCON Intelligent 

Controls, Inc.

TS-LLD Line Leak Detector 3.0 gph/1.5 gph/163 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/163 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/163 gallons

TS-LLD Line Leak Detector

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/1.5 gph/49.6 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/49.6 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/49.6 gallons

Marconi Commerce 

Systems(Gilbarco 

Environmental 

Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA02630000501

3.0 gph/1.5 gph/158 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/158 gallons

0.1 gph/0.079 gph/158 gallons

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA02630000501

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/1.5 gph/49.6 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/49.6 gallons

0.1 gph/0.079 gph/49.6 gallons

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA0263000060X

3.0 gph/1.88 gph/98.4 gallons

0.2 gph/0.17 gph/98.4 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/98.4 gallons

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA0263000060X

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/1.5 gph/40.8 gallons

0.2 gph/0.17 gph/40.8 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/40.8 gallons

Environmental Management Console (EMC, EMCPC, EMC Enhanced, EMC-PC Enhanced, LMS)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA0263000100X, 

PA0277000060X

3.0 gph/2.5 gph/100 gallons

0.2 gph/0.17 gph/100 gallons

0.1 gph/0.09 gph/100 gallons

Marley Pump Co. Red Jacket PPM 4000, RLM 9000 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/55.1 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/55.1 gallons

0.1 gph/0.047 gph/55.1 gallons

Red Jacket PPM 4000, RLM 9000, ST 1401L, 

ST1801L

(for Flexible Pipelines)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/27.6 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/27.6 gallons

Red Jacket ST 1401L, ST1801L, CPT, ProLink 3.0 gph/1.5 gph/172 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/163 gallons

0.1 gph0.047gph/163 gallon
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

3

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR (CONTINUED)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX PIPELINE CAPACITY

Petro Vend, Inc. LineTite Pipeline Leak Monitor 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/341 gallons

0.1 gph/0.062 gph/341 gallons

LineTite Pipeline Leak Monitor

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/49.6 gallons

0.1 gph/0.062 gph/49.6 gallons

LineTight Pipeline Leak Monitor Model 2001J 3.0 gph/2.5 gph/172 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/172 gallons

LineTight Pipeline Leak Monitor Model 2001J

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.5 gph/39.5 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/39.5 gallons

Ronan Engineering Co. Ronan X-76 Automatic Line Leak Detector 

Version X-76 DM-4 Microprocessor and JT-H2 Line 

Pressure Sensor

3.0 gph/0.831 gph/45 gallons

0.1 gph/0.066 gph/45 gallons

Tidel Engineering, Inc. LIPSPC-301-0730-001, LIP-301-0729-001

Line Integrity Probe and Submersible Pump 

Controller 

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/129 gallons

0.1 gph/0.06 gph/129 gallons

Vaporless 

Manufacturing

Vaporless LD-2100 or PLC-5000 with 98LD2000PLC

(for Rigid and Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.5 gph/172 gallons (Rigid)

0.2 gph/0.136 gph/172 gallons (Rigid)

0.1 gph/0.068 gph/172 gallons (Rigid)

3.0 gph/2.5 gph/39.5 gallons (Flexible)

0.2 gph/0.136 gph/39.5 gallons (Flexible)

0.1 gph/0.068 gph/39.5 gallons (Flexible)

Veeder-Root TLS-350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC Line Leak 

Detector, Series 8475

3.0 gph/1.5 gph/158 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/158 gallons

0.1 gph/0.079 gph/158 gallons

TLS-350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC Line Leak 

Detector, Series 8475 

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/1.5 gph/49.6 gallons

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/49.6 gallons

0.1 gph/0.079 gph/49.6 gallons

TLS 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC Line Leak 

Detector, Series 8484

3.0 gph/1.88 gph/98.4 gallons

0.2 gph/0.17 gph/98.4 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/98.4 gallons

TLS 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC, LLD-300 Line 

Leak Detector, Series 8484

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/1.5 gph/40.8 gallons

0.2 gph/0.17 gph/40.8 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/40.8 gallons

TLS 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC, LLD-300 Line 

Leak Detector, Series 8494, Pressurized Line Leak 

Detector, Series 8494

3.0 gph/2.5 gph/100 gallons

0.2 gph/0.17 gph/100 gallons

0.1 gph/0.09 gph/100 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

4

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX PIPELINE CAPACITY

FE Petro, Inc. STP-MLD Pipeline Leak Detector 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/129.14 gallons

STP-MLD-D Pipeline Leak Detector 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/341 gallons

STP-MLD-E Flexline Line Leak Detector

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/49.6 gallons

Marley Pump Co. Red Jacket DLD, XLD 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/129 gallons

Red Jacket FX1,FX2,FX1V,FX2V 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/316 gallons (FX1,FX1V),

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/362 gallons (FX2,FX2V)

Red Jacket FX1,FX2,FX1V,FX2V Flexline

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/49 gallons

Red Jacket FX1D,FX2D,FX2DV Installed in the BigFlow3.0 gph/2.0 gph/362 gallons

Red Jacket XLP 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/129 gallons

Red Jacket XLP

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/48.9 gallons

Tokheim Corp. Tokheim Pressure Monitor, Models PM 101, 585APM3.0 gph/2.25 gph/78 gallons

Vaporless 

Manufacturing

Vaporless LD-2000, LD-2000S 3.0 gph/1.7 gph/129 gallons

Vaporless LD-2000E, LD-2000E-S

(for Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.0 gph/59.6 gallons

Vaporless LD-2000T, LD-2000T-S 3.0 gph/2.5 gph/129 gallons

Vaporless 98LD-2000, 99LD-2000, 99LD-2200, LD2200 Scout

(for Rigid and Flexible Pipelines)

3.0 gph/2.5 gph/172 gallons (Rigid),

3.0 gph/2.5 gph/39.5 gallons (Flexible)

Vaporless LD-3000, LD-3000S 3.0 gph/2.0 gph/320 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

5

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Advanced Telemetrics, 

Ltd.

Model 1100LD Version 1.07 0.2 gph/0.1 gph/30,000 gallons

Alert Technologies, Inc. Alert Model 2000 In-Tank Mass Measurement Probe 

System

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Andover Controls Corp. Andover Infinity, Versions CX9400, CX9200, 

CX9000,CMX240

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/30,000 gallons

Andov er Infinity, Versions CX9000, CX9200, 

CMX240

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Versions AC8+, AC256+

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Caldwell Systems 

Corp.

Tank Manager

(Ultrasonic Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1gph/ 20,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/ 20,000 gallons

Control Engineers CEI 3000 Tank Level Module - Version TLP2, 

Normal/Rapid Test Mode

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1gph0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

EBW, Inc. Auto-Stik II, Auto-Stik Jr.

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Egemin Naamloze 

Vennootschap

E'SPI III

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

0.2 gph/0.075 gph/15,000 gallons

E'SPI IV

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Emco Electronics, 

Tuthill Corp.

EECO System 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000 and Galaxy 

0.2 gph Precision Test and Quick Test

(Q0400-4xx Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

EECO System 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000 and Galaxy 

0.1 gph Precision Test and Quick Test

(Q0400-4xx Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Engineered Systems, 

Inc.

Image II

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Environment and 

Safety

EASI Level-Tru

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Gasboy International 

(formerly William M. 

Wilson's Sons)

Gasboy TMS 500

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Hasstech Tank Compliance Center, Model 700

(7100 Series Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

INCON Intelligent 

Controls, Inc.

TS 1000, 1001, 2001

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

TS 1000, 1001, 2001

(Incon LL2 Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/30,000 gallons

TS 2000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.058 gph/15,000 gallons

Keekor Environmental 

Products

TankTite Leak Detection Kernel Version 1.0 with 

Keeprobe K7

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

6

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD (CONTINUED)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Marconi Commerce 

Systems(Gilbarco 

Environmental 

Products)

EMC Environmental Management Console, EMC 

Basic Monitoring System Tank Monitors 2, 3, 2.1, 

3.1,PAO238000XXXX

(Capacitance Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

EMC Environmental Management Console

EMC Basic Monitoring System Tank Monitors 

2.1,3.1, PAO264XXX0000

(Capacitance Probe)

0.2 gph/0.126 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.071 gph/15,000 gallons

EMC Environmental Management Console

EMC Basic Monitoring System Tank Monitors 2.1, 

3.1, PAO265XXX0000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.093 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.071 gph/15,000 gallons

EMC/PC Series Monitoring Systems

PA0265 and PA0300

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.126 gph/20,000 gallons

Marley Pump Co. Prolink System, RJE Probes # RE-400-094 thru 112-

5

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/-0.116 gph to declare a leak/18,000 

gallons

0.2 gph/0.084 gph to declare a gain/18,000 

gallons

0.1 gph/-0.065 gph to declare a leak/18,000 

gallons

0.2 gph 0.035 gph to declare a gain/18,000 

gallons

Red Jacket ATM System, Version RLM 5000, 5001, 

9000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Sonic Technology (ST) 1400-1800 Series Tank 

Monitoring System, ATG Automatic Tank Gauging 

Monitor, LLM Series Liquid Level Monitor, FMS Fuel 

Management Monitor

(Ultrasonic Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/18,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

NESCO (formerly 

Arizona Instrument 

Corp.)

Encompass MTS IPAM #17-903

(Magnetostrictive Probe #17-9300)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Encompass USF IPAM #17-901

(Ultrasonic Probe #17-9100)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc. OEL 8000

(MTG - XX Magnetostrictive Probe - Stick Version 

with 4" Probe and Original Version)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Patriot Sensors and 

Controls Corp. 

(formerly MagneTek)

7021 Digital Tank Gauge

(7030 Series Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

7021 Digital Tank Gauge

(7100 Series Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Petro Vend, Inc. Petrosonic III

(Version 4.05 Model 613, 4 inch, Magnetostrictive 

Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Site Sentinel Model II and III

 (Model 613, 2 inch, Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Site Sentinel Model II and III,

(Model 613, 4 inch, Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.06 gph/15,000 gallons

Pneumercator 

Company, Inc.

TMS 2000, TMS 3000

(Magnetostricitive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/20,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/20,000 gallons

Ronan Engineering Co. X-76 ETM, X-76 ETM-4X

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

7

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD (CONTINUED)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX PRODUCT SURFACE AREA

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, 3500 Series

(Ultrasonic Probes #401-0009, #401-0010 and 

#401-0023)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, EMS 2000, 

3000, 3500 Series

(Ultrasonic Probes #401-0009, #401-0010,

#401-0021 and #401-0022)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, EMS 4000

(Ultrasonic Probe #312-9000)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, EMS 4000

(Ultrasonic Probe #312-9001)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Universal Sensors and 

Devices, Inc.

TICS-1000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

USTest, Inc. UST 2001 and UST 2001 Quick Test

(Ultrasonic Probe)

0.2 gph (Quick Test)/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Veeder-Root TLS-200, 200i, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 350, 350PC, 

350R, 350RPC UST ATGS

(Model 7842 Digital Sensing Capacitance Probe)

0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

TLS-200, 200i, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 300PC, 350, 

350PC, 350R, 350RPC UST ATGS

(Model 8472 Digital Sensing Capacitance Probe)

0.2 gph/0.126 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.071 gph/15,000 gallons

TLS-200, 200i, 250, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 300PC, 

350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC UST ATGS 

(Model 8473 Digital Sensing Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.093 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.071 gph/15,000 gallons

TLS-250, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 300PC, 350, 

350PC, 350R, 350RPC UST ATGS

(Models 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

0.2 gph/0.126 gph/15,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.071 gph/15,000 gallons

TLS Series 300, 350, 350R 

(Models 8463, 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

0.2 gph/0.126 gph/20,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.071 gph/20,000 gallons

TLS Series 300, 350, 350R 

(Models 8463, 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

0.2 gph/0.126 gph/30,000 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

8

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION 

METHOD

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX PRODUCT SURFACE AREA

ASTTest Services, Inc. ASTTest Mass Balance Leak Detection System [(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 5,575 ft2) x 0.88 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 5,575 ft2) x 

0.44 gph]/13,938 ft2

Coggins Systems , Inc. Leak Manager with Barton Series 3500 ATG

(48 hour test) (72 hour test)

[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 2.0 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 

1.0 gph]/15,205 ft2

Mass Technology Corp. Precision Mass Measurement System

(24 hour test)

[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 1,257 ft2) x 0.1 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 1,257 ft2) x 

0.05 gph]/3,143 ft2

Precision Mass Measurement System

(48 hour test)

[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.294 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 

0.147 gph]/6,082 ft2

Precision Mass Measurement System

(72 hour test)

[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 14,200 ft2) x 

0.638 gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 

14,200 ft2) x 0.319 gph]/35,500 ft2

Tracer Research Corp. Tracer A LD 2000 Automated Tank Tightness Test 0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when tracer chemical or hydrocarbon 

greater that the background level is detected 

outside of the tank./Not limited by capacity

Universal Sensors and 

Devices, Inc.

LTC-1000

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 1.4 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 

0.7 gph]/35,610 ft2

LTC-2000

(Differential Pressure Probe)

[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 3.0 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 

1.5 gph]/35,610 ft2

Vista Research, Inc. 

and Naval Facilities 

Engineering Service 

Center

LRDP-24 (V1.0.2, V1.0.3) [(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 2.0 or 

3.0 gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) 

x (2.0 or 3.0 gph - 0.223 gph)]/15,205 ft2

LRDP-48 (V1.0.2, V1.0.3) [(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 2.0 or 

3.0 gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) 

x (2.0 or 3.0 gph - 0.188 gph)]/15,205 ft2 

LRDP-24 (V1.1) [(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.856 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 

0.632 gph]/15,205 ft2

LRDP-48 (V1.1) [(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.749 

gph]/[(product surface area in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 

0.563 gph]/15,205 ft2

CONTINUOUS IN-TANK LEAK DETECTION METHOD

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Marconi Commerce 

Systems(Gilbarco 

Environmental 

Products)

EMC Series with CSLD, PAO265XXXX100, 

PA0300XXXX100

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

0.2 gph/0.16 gph/38,170 gallons

Veeder-Root TLS-300i, 300J, 350, 350R Monitoring Systems with 

CSLD 

(Models 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

0.2 gph/0.16 gph/38,170 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

9

DOUBLE WALLED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Containment Solutions 

Inc. (formerly Fluid 

Containment which was 

formerly O/C Tanks)

Hydrostatic Precision Tank Test for DWT-Type II 

Tanks

0.1 gph/0.05 gph without dispensing/30,000 

gallons

0.1gph/0.07 gph with dispensing/30,000 gallons

Steel Tank Institute Permatank Precision Interstitial Vacuum Monitor 0.1 gph/0.01 gph/50,000 gallons

Xerxes Corp. Xerxes Trucheck Hydrostatic Monitoring System 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/30,000 gallons

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX PIPELINE CAPACITY

Caldon, Inc. Caldon PF2000 Pipeline Leak Detection System for 

Bulk Pipelines

10 gph/8 gph/212,000 gallons

EFA Technologies, Inc. LeakNet 3.0 gph/2.2 gph/116,230 gallons

Tracer Research Corp. Tracer ALD 2000 Automated Line Tightness Test 0.1 gph/A pipeline system should not be 

declared tight when tracer chemical or 

hydrocarbon greater than the background level 

is detected outside of the pipeline./Not limited 

by capacity

Vista Research, Inc. Model HT-100 Monitoring Method and Line 

Tightness Test Method,

Version 1.0, Version 1.1

0.004% of line capacity in gph for Version

1.0 /0.00282% of line volume in gph/612,954 

gallons

0.00209% of line capacity in gph for Version 

1.1 /0.000916% of line volume in gph/612,954 

gallons

Model HT-100-n Monitoring Method and Line 

Tightness Test Method,

Version 1.0, Version 1.1

0.004% ÷  ̄(n) of line capacity in gph for 

Version 1.0 /0.00282% ÷  ̄(n) of line volume in 

gph; where n is the # of tests averaged 

together/612,954 gallons

0.00209% ÷  ̄(n) of line capacity in gph for 

Version 1.1 /0.000916% ÷  ̄(n) of line volume 

in gph; where n is the # of tests averaged 

together/612,954 gallons

Model LT-100 Monthly Monitoring Method and Line 

Tightness Test Method,

Version 1.0 (Manual Method)

0.2 gph/0.177 gph/3,400 gallons

0.1 gph/0.077 gph/3,400 gallons

Model LT-100 Monthly Monitoring Method and Line 

Tightness Test Method,

Version 1.0 (Primary Method)

0.2 gph/0.148 gph/3,400 gallons

0.1 gph/0.06 gph/3,400 gallons

Model LT-100 Monthly Monitoring Method and Line 

Tightness Test Method,

Version 1.0 (Segmented Method)

0.2 gph/0.174 gph/3,400 gallons

0.1 gph/0.074 gph/3,400 gallons

Model LT-100a Monthly Monitoring Method and Line 

Tightness Test Method,

Version 1.0

0.2 gph at 50 psi/0.148 gph/3,400 gallons

0.1 gph at 50 psi/0.06 gph/3,400 gallons

Model LT-100a Monthly Monitoring Method and Line 

Tightness Test Method,

Version 1.0 (Segmented Method)

0.2 gph at 50 psi/0.174 gph/3,400 gallons

0.1 gph at 50 psi/0.074 gph/3,400 gallons

Model LT-100a Hourly and Monthly Monitoring 

Method and Line Tightness Test Method,

Version 2.0 (Segmented Method)

3.0 gph/2.936 gph/3,400 gallons

0.2 gph/0.136 gph/3,400 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

10

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX PIPELINE CAPACITY

Heath Consultants, Inc. Petro Tite Line Tester 0.1 gph/0.01 gph/129 gallons

Heath Consultants, Inc. Petro Tite Line Tester

(for Flexible Pipelines)

0.1 gph/0.01 gph/49.6 gallons

Horner EZY-Chek EZY-Chek Manual Line Leak Detector 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/129 gallons

EZY-Chek II Automatic Line Leak Detector 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/129 gallons

ProTank, Inc. LTH-5000 Line Tester 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/40 gallons

LTP-5000 Line Tester 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/41 gallons

Tanknology - NDE Proline Test Series III, Version 1.0 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/41 gallons

PTK-88 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/40 gallons

TLD-1 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/50 gallons

Tracer Research Corp. Tracer Tight Line Test 0.1 gph/A pipeline system should not be 

declared tight when tracer chemical is detected 

outside of the pipeline./ Not limited by capacity

Training and Services 

Corp.

AcuRite 0.1 gph/0.01 gph/75 gallons

Triangle Environmental, 

Inc.

TEI Model LT-3, Version 1.0 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/80 gallons

Western Environmental 

Resources

Model PLT-100R 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/80 gallons

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME OPERATING PRINCIPLE

Beaudreau Electronics, 

Inc.

Models 404, 406 Pump Cut-Offs float switch (Model 404),

refractive index of liquids (Model 406)

Beaudreau Electronics, 

Inc.

Models 510, 516 Discriminating Sensors polymer strip, hyrocarbon-only (Model 510),

optical sensor and conductivity (Model 516)

Caldwell Systems 

Corp.

Tank Manager Liquid Sensor, Version TMLIQ ultrasonic

Containment Solutions, 

Inc. (formerly Fluid 

Containment which was 

formerly O/C Tanks)

FCI Liquid Filled Interstitial Monitor

Tank Model DWT6 with Model FHRB 810 Level 

Sensor

float switch

EBW, Inc. AUTO-STIK Sensors LS-5, LS-7, LS-10, LS-15,

LS-20, LS-35, LS-3A, LS-30A

float switch

Emco Electronics, 

Tuthill Corp.

EECO System, Leak Sensor II, Leak Sensor Jr.

Thermistor and Proximity probes

thermal conductivity, proximity switch

EECO 2000, 3000, Leak Sensor II, Leak Sensor Jr. 

Systems Q0001-005 Interstitial Space Flood Sensor, 

and

EECO 1500, 2000, 3000 Systems

Q0003-005 Wet Interstitial Sensor

float switch

EECO 1500, 2000, 3000 Systems

Q0003-001 Discriminating Dispenser Pan Sensor,

Q0003-002 Discriminating STP Sump Sensor,

Q0003-003 Discriminating Interstitial Sensor,

Q0003-006 Liquid Only Interstitial Sensor,

Q0003-009 Liquid Float Sensor

float switch and polymer strip (Q0003-001, 

Q0003-002),

optical prism and conductivity (Q0003-003),

optical prism (Q0003-006), 

float switch (Q0003-009)
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

11

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR (CONTINUED)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME OPERATING PRINCIPLE

INCON Intelligent 

Controls, Inc.

Tank Sentinel TS-1000EFI,

TSP-DIS BriteSensor, and

Tank Sentinel TS-1000/TS-2000,

TSP-EIS Standard Sensor, TSP-PS Liquid Contact 

Sensor

opto-electric

Tank Sentinel TS-1000EFI,

TSP-HIS BriteSensor, and

Tank Sentinel TS-1000/TS-2000,

TSP-HLS Standard Sensor, TSP-ULS Standard 

Sensor

magnetic switch

Marconi Commerce 

Systems(Gilbarco 

Environmental 

Products)

PA02590XXX000, PA02591144000, 

PA02592000000

float switch

Marley Pump Co. Red Jacket Electronics RE400-179-5 to RE400-199-

5 Combination High Level/Low Level Sensor, 

RE400-042-5 Hydrostatic Sensor, Red Jacket PPM 

4000 with Optical Liquid Discrimination Sensor

float switch (RE400-179-5 to RE400-199-5, 

RE400-042-5)

optical sensor (PPM4000)

Red Jacket Electronics RE400-058-5, RE400-059-5,

RE400-147-5, RE400-148-5 Overfill Sensor, RE400 

111-5 Sump Sensor, RE400-203-5 Optical Liquid 

Discrimination Sensor, RE400-204-5 Dispenser Pan 

Monitor, RE400-180-5 Liquid Refraction Sensor

float switch (RE400-058-5, RE400-059-5, 

RE400-147-5, RE400-148-5, RE400-111-5), 

electrical conductivity and optical

(RE400-203-5),

conductive polymer (RE400-204-5),

optical (RE400-180-5)

NESCO (formerly 

Arizona Instrument 

Corp.)

Soil Sentry Liquid 330(17-330-A/17-330-B), TLM830, ENCOMPASS APAM

Probes 17-141A, 17-142A, 17-143A, 17-144A

refraction

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc. L-LL-R-1, LS-ASC, PDS-ASC, PDWS-1, PDWF-1 refractive index of liquids (all), 

electrical conductivity (PDS-ASC, PDWS-1, 

PDWF -1) 

PermAlert PAL-AT Models AT20C, AT50C, AT40K,

PHL Hydrocarbon Sensor

electrical conductivity

TankWatch Models PHM10, PHMS, 

Combination Hydrocarbon/Water Probe, 

Hydrocarbon Probe

electrical conductivity

Petro Vend, Inc. Petrosentry IV, Petrosentry VIII, SiteSentinel

Liquid Sensor, Universal Sump Sensor, Universal 

Reservoir Sensor

thermal conductivity (Liquid Sensor)

float switch (Universal Sump Sensor, Universal 

Reservoir Sensor)

Pneumercator 

Company, Inc.

LC1000, E-14-29, E-700-1, LDE-700, LDE-740, 

TMS 3000

LS600AB, LS600LDBN, LS610, RSU800

float switch

LDE 700, LDE 740, LDE 9000

Sensor Probe Models 9-901, 9-902, 9-903

capacitance

Ronan Engineering Co. Ronan Controller Models X76S; X76VS; X76LVC; 

TRS76; X76ETM, LVCS; X76CTM-N4; X76ETM-4X; 

X76-4X, -3, -6, -9, -12; X76AST-4X

Ronan Sensors LS-3 N.C.; LS-3 N.O.; LS-30; LS-7; 

HVA; LS-3SS; LS-1

float switch

Tidel Engineering, Inc. EMS-3500

Liquid Discriminatory Probes Part 301-0635,

Containment Sump Probes Part 301-0642, 

Tidel Detector No. 301-0752-001

electrical conductivity/hydrocarbon sensitive 

polymer (Part 301-0635)

magnetic switch/float and hydrocarbon 

sensitive polymer (Part 301-0642)

float switch (No. 301-0752-001)

Universal Sensors and 

Devices, Inc.

Leak Alert System

Models LAL-100, LA-01, LA-02, LA-04, LA-X4, LA08, DLS-01, LS-20, LS-36, LS-70, CATLAS 

Liquid Sensor LALS-1

thermal conductivity
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

12

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR (CONTINUED)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME OPERATING PRINCIPLE

Veeder-Root ILS-250, ILS-350, TLS-250i, 250i Plus, 300, 300C, 

300i, 300PC,

TLS-350 Series

 Interstitial Liquid Sensor for Fiberglass Tanks 

(0794390-401, 404, 407, 409)

Interstitial Liquid Sensor for Steel Tanks

(0794390-420, 460)

Liquid Sensor for Sumps (0794390-206)

float switch

TLS-350 Series

Discriminating Interstitial Liquid Sensor (794380-

341),

Dispenser Pan Sensor (794380-320),

Discriminating Containment Sump Sensor (794380-

350, 360),

Discriminating Fibertrench Sensor (794380-360, 

361, 362)

capacitance change/ultrasonic (794380-341)

electrical conductivity/ultrasonic (794380-320, 

350, 360, 361, 362)

TLS-350 Series,TLS-300, 300i

Dispenser Pan Sensor (794380-322),

Discriminating Containment Sump Sensor

(794380-352)

product permeable, reed switch/float

Dispenser Pan Sensor (847990-001) and 

Differentiating Dispenser Pan Sensor (847990-002) 

With Dispenser Control Interface

product permeable, reed switch/float

TLS-350 Series, TLS-300, 300i

Dual and Single Stage Hydrostatic Sensors 

(794380-301, 302)

float switch

TLS-300C, 300i, 300PC, 350, 350PC, 350R, 

350RPC

Solid-State Pan/Sump Sensor (794380-321, 351),

Piping Sump Sensor (794380-208, 209), 

Micro Sensor (794380-340)

product permeable,

ultrasonic/float switch

Warrick Controls, Inc. DMS-47X-X-X(-X), DMS-57X-X-X(-X) Monitoring 

Panels

Models DLP-1-NC, DLP-2-NC, DLP-2-NO Sensors

float switch

Model DFP-25 Sensor product solubility
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

13

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME OPERATING PRINCIPLE

Advanced Tank 

Technology, Inc.

Leak Tracer Dye (LTD) product solubility - color development

Agar Corp. LEAKWISE Groundwater Monitor

ID-220 Series Hydrocarbon on Water Detector 

System

radio frequency (RF) attenuation

Armstrong Monitoring 

Corp.

AMC 5100, Leak Detection Cable AMC-5007 electrical conductivity

Brooks KWK, Inc. Leak Detection Systems,

KW-140, KW-240 Monitors with Types 1, 2 Sensors

product soluble

EBW, Inc. AUTO-STIK Discriminating Sensors LS-5, LS-10, 

LS-15, LS-20, LS-35

product permeability

FCI Environmental, Inc. Analog Hydrocarbon Probe AHP-100,

Digital Hydrocarbon Probe DHP 100

fiber optic chemical sensor

Gems Sensors, Inc. 

(formerly IMO 

Industries, Inc.)

Gems Smartwell Portable Monitor Model WPM-535

with Groundwater Probe Model WP-535

conductive polymer

INCON Intelligent 

Controls, Inc.

Tank Sentinel TS-1000EFI:

TSP-DDS BriteSensor, TSP-DTS BriteSensor,

TSP-MWS BriteSensor Groundwater Probe

magnetic switch and float (TSP-DDS 

BriteSensor, TSP-DTS BriteSensor)

hydrocarbon sensitive polymer (all)

Mallory Controls Pollulert Probes MD221G/T, MD221G/TRA, 

MD241R, MD241RRA, MD241G, MD241GRA

electrical conductivity

Marconi Commerce 

Systems(Gilbarco 

Environmental 

Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

Groundwater Sensor, series PA02700XX0001

electrical conductivity

One Plus Corp. Leak Edge, Models 100-3001, 100-4001 product permeable

PermAlert PAL-AT Models AT20C, AT50C, AT40K, AGW 

Sensor Cable, TFH Hydrocarbon Sensor Cable

impedance change

PAL-AT Models AT20C, AT50C, AT40K

with PHFW Hydrocarbon Probe and Type 1 or Type 

2 Sensor

product soluble

Petro Vend, Inc. SiteSentinel, 30-3206, 30-3207, 30-3210 Sensors product permeable

Raychem Corp. TraceTek Alarm and Locator Modules

TT502, TT5000, TT3000 Fuel Sensing Cable 

electrical conductivity

Tidel Engineering, Inc. EMS-3500

Monitoring Well Probe Part 301-0641,

Sheen Probes Part 301-0687,

Tidel Detector No. 301-0762

conductivity via resistor ladder network(Part 

301-0641)

electrical conductivity/hydrocarbon sensitive 

polymer (Part 301-0687 and No. 301-0762)

Tidel Detector Nos. 301-0324-001, 301-0325-001, 

301-0326-001, 301-0326-002

electrical conductivity

Veeder-Root 350 Series UST Monitoring Systems

Models ILS-350, TLS-350, 350R, 350PC, 350RPC

Groundwater Sensor (794380-621, 622, 624)

electrical conductivity

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (TRACER)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Tracer Research Corp. Tracer Tight 0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when tracer chemical is detected outside 

of the tank./Not limited by capacity
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

14

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX ULLAGE CAPACITY

Alert Technologies, Inc. Alert Ullage System Model 1050 

(Pressure and Vacuum Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight if the ratio of the ultrasonic signal (when 

the tank is under pressure or vacuum) to the 

background signal (prior to pressurization or 

evacuation) equals or exceeds 1.5 for either 12 

kHz or 25 kHz frequency band./6,000 gallons

Alert Ullage System Model 1050 X 

(Vacuum Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight if the ratio of the ultrasonic signal (when 

the tank is under vacuum) to the background 

signal (prior to evacuation) equals or exceeds 

1.5 for either 12 kHz or 25 kHz frequency 

band./24,000 gallons

ProTank, Inc. UTA-5000 Ullage Tester 

(Vacuum or Pressure Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different from the baseline. Baseline is the 

acoustic signal before tank is pressurized or 

evacuated./16,500 gallons

UTF-5000 Ullage Tester

(Pressure Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the make-up gas flow rate into 

ullage equals or exceeds 0.275 cubic 

feet/hour./7,500 gallons

UTFP-5000 Ullage Tester 

(Pressure Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the pressure decay trend equals or 

exceeds ± 0.016 psi/hr./10,260 gallons

Tanknology - NDE UST Ullage Test, Version U2 

(Pressure Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the pressure decay trend equals or 

exceeds ± 0.016 psi/hr./10,260 gallons

UTS-4T Ullage Test

(Pressure Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the make-up gas flow rate into 

ullage equals or exceeds 0.275 cubic 

feet/hour./7,500 gallons

U3 Ullage Test 

(Vacuum or Pressure Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared

tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different from the baseline. Baseline is the 

acoustic signal before tank is pressurized or 

evacuated./16,500 gallons

Triangle Environmental, 

Inc.

TEI Ullage Test, Version 1.0 

(Vacuum Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when an increase in the acoustic noise 

level (above background) of the tank under 

vacuum is detected due to air or water 

ingress./15,000 gallons

USTest, Inc. UST 2000/U 

(Pressure and Vacuum Test) 

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when there is a substantial increase in the 

acoustic noise signal (when the tank is under 

pressure or vacuum) above the background 

signal (prior to pressurization or evacuation) in 

the frequency interval of 10 kHz to 20 

kHz./7,550 gallons (pressure test), 5,250 

gallons (vacuum test). 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

15

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (VACUUM)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Horner EZY CHECK EZY 3 0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the vacuum decay is more than 1 

inch water column pressure for non-volatile 

products and 10% of the lower determined 

vapor pressure for volatile products. 

A tank system should also not be declared tight 

if any water ingress is detected./50,000 gallons

Protank, Inc. Fast Test 

(Underfill Test)

0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different from the baseline. Baseline is the 

acoustic signal before tank is 

evacuated./30,000 gallons

Tanknology – NDE Quick Test 

(Underfill Test)

0.1 gph/A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different than the baseline. Baseline is the 

acoustic signal before the tank is 

evacuated./30,000gallons

VacuTect 0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when:

sonic emission of air ingress is detected in 

ullage area and/or; sonic emission of bubbles 

formed by air ingress is detected in productfilled portion of the tank and/or; water ingress is 

detected at the bottom of the tank./75,000 

gallons

Triangle Environmental, 

Inc.

TEI System 5000, Version 1.0 0.1 gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the acoustic noise level of the tank 

under vacuum is greater than the calibrated 

background acoustic noise level (prior to 

evacuation)./20,000 gallons

PRESSURE/VACUUM INTERSTITIAL MONITOR

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Bell Avon, Inc. VIGILANT Leak Detection System 0.1 gph/ System alarms when changes in 

interstitial vacuum exceed a predetermined 

change in slope versus time curve./15,000 

gallons

HT Technologies, Inc. Vakumatik Models V 60, V 70 Ex 0.1 gph/ System alarms when liquid enters 

interstitial space and vacuum decreases 

(pressure increases) above 34 millibars./20,000 

gallons

Steel Tank Institute Permatank Interstitial Vacuum Monitor

Liquid Leaks

0.1gph/ A tank system should not be declared 

tight when the vacuum decreases (pressure 

increases) 5 inches or more of mercury over 

the test period specified for each tank 

size./20,000 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

16

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUALITATIVE)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Entropy Limited Precision Tank Inventory Control System, Version 

90

0.1 gph/0.04 gph/15,000 gallons

Horner Products, Inc. SIR PRO 1, Version 1.0 0.2 gph/0.1 gph/18,000 gallons

SIR PRO 1, Version 2.0 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

Syscorp, Inc. Store Vision, Version E.2 0.2 gph/0.0834 gph/12,000 gallons

USTMAN Industries, 

Inc.

YES SIR 90 0.2 gph/0.1 gph/15,000 gallons

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Advanced Telemetrics, 

Ltd.

Tanknetics SIR, Version 2.1 0.2 gph/0.10 gph/45,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/45,000 gallons

Computerizing, Inc. Computank, Version 3.0 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

Entropy Limited Precision Tank Inventory Control System, Revision 

90

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/22,500 gallons

EviroSIR LLC EnviroSIR Version 1.0 0.2 gph/0.15 gph/45,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/45,000 gallons

Horner Products, Inc. SIR PRO 1 Version 3.0 0.2 gph/0.1 gph/33,000 gallons

SIR PRO 1 Version 4.0 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/33,000 gallons

Simmons Corp. SIR 5.7 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

SIR 5.7 LM 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/45,000 gallons

SIR International, Inc. Mitchell's SIR Program Version 2.6 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/45,000 gallons

SIR Monitor (formerly 

Environmental 

Management 

Technologies)

SIR Monitor 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

Sir Phoenix, Inc. SIR PHOENIX 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

TeleData, Inc. TankMate, Version 3.20 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/60,000 gallons

USTMAN Industries, 

Inc.

USTMAN SIR 1.91 0.1 gph/0.1 gph/18,000 gallons

USTMAN SIR, Version 94.1 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/30,000 gallons

USTMAN SIR, Versions 95.2, 95.2A 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/60,000 gallons

Warren Rogers 

Associates, Inc.

WRA Statistical Inventory Analysis, Version 5.1 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

WRA Statistical Inventory Analysis, Version 5.2 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/36,000 gallons

Watson Systems, Inc. 

(formerly EnviroQuest 

Technologies Limited)

SIRAS Software System Versions 2.0, 2.8.3 0.2 gph/0.1 gph/30,000 gallons

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/30,000 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

17

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME OPERATING PRINCIPLE

Armstrong Monitoring 

Corp.

AMC 5100, Vapor Sensor AMC F4000 metal oxide semiconductor

Emco Electronics, 

Tuthill Corp.

EECO 1500, 2000, 3000, Leak Sensor, Leak Sensor 

II, Leak Sensor Jr.,(Q0002-001, 005 Sensors)

adsistor(Q0002-001),

metal oxide semiconductor (Q0002-005)

Environmental Fuel 

Systems, Inc.

Fuel Finder Version IV adsorption sampling

FCI Environmental, Inc. Analog Hydrocarbon Probe AHP-100,

Digital Hydrocarbon Probe DHP-100

fiber optic

FDR Services, Inc. GasPak Vapor Monitoring System product permeable detector

Mallory Controls Pollulert Probes MD221V, MD221VRA, MD210V, 

MD210VRA

adsistor

Marconi Commerce 

Systems(Gilbarco 

Environmental 

Products)

PA02660000000 adsistor

Mine Safety Appliances Tankgard, P/N 481532, and

Tankgard VIII, P/N 488803

metal oxide semiconductor

NESCO (formerly 

Arizona Instrument 

Corp.)

Soil Sentry Twelve-X metal oxide semiconductor

Petro Vend, Inc. Petrosentry TLD III, SiteSentinel, Smart Module and 

Vapor Sensor

metal oxide semiconductor

Tidel Engineering, Inc. EMS-3000, 301-0328-001, 301-0330-001, and

EMS-3500, Vapor Sensor Probe Part No. 301-0634

adsistor

Tracer Research Corp. Tracer Tight chromatographic (looks for chemical tracer)

Universal Sensors and 

Devices, Inc.

Leak Alert System

Models LAV-100, LA-01, LA-02, LA-04, LA-X4, LA08, CATLAS, LAVS-1 MOS Vapor Sensor

metal oxide semiconductor

Veeder-Root ILS-350, TLS-350 Series, Adsistor Vapor Probes 

(794390-700)

adsistor

Warrick Controls, Inc. Model 5700 Meter, PVP-2 Sensor adsistor

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Absolute Precision 

Testing Systems

APT/BKG 1000 0.05 gph/0.02587 gph/6,000 gallons

Heath Consultants, Inc. Petro Comp 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Petro Tite II 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Horner EZY Check Horner EZY-Chek I 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/12,000 gallons

Horner EZY-Chek II 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/12,000 gallons

Ibex Industries Ibex Precision Test System 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

Leak Detection 

Systems, Inc.

Tank Auditor, Version RTD V.2.16 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Schuster Instruments Tel-A-Leak 1 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Soiltest, Inc. Soiltest Ainlay Tank 'Tegrity' Tester, S-3 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Tank Automation, Inc. Automated Precision Tank Testing System

(APTT System), R-2

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Western Environmental 

Resources

AES System II 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

AES System II

(Large Tanks)

0.1 gph/0.05 gph/75,000 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

18

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

(EDISON LAB PROTOCOL)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Hasstech Leak Computer Tank Test System 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/12,000 gallons

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

VENDOR EQUIPMENT NAME

LEAK RATE/THRESHOLD/

MAX TANK CAPACITY

Alert Technologies, Inc. Alert Model 1000 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/30,000 gallons

Hasstech Leak Computer Tank Test System 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

Horner EZY CHECK Horner EZY-Chek II 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/12,000 gallons

ProTank, Inc. VU-5000 Underfill Tester 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

VUP-5000 Underfill Tester 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

Tanknology - NDE Computerized VPLT Testing System 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

Sure Test - Assured Tight System, Series IV 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/18,000 gallons

Triangle Environmental, 

Inc.

TEI System 4000, Version 1.0 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

USTest, Inc. UST 2000/LL 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/15,000 gallons

UST 2000/P 0.1 gph/0.05 gph/45,000 gallons
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

19

PART II

LEAK DETECTION TEST METHODS

AND EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS

ALPHABETICAL BY COMPANY,

THEN BY TEST METHOD,

NEXT BY EQUIPMENT MODEL,

FINALLY BY LEAK RATE
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

20

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Absolute Precision Testing Systems

APT/BKG 1000

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.05 gph with PD = 99.2310% and PFA = 0.5451%.

Leak Threshold: 0.02587 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 6,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 36 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 1.5 hours between “topping off” and testing.

Total minimum waiting time is 36 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 48 minutes.

Volume data is collected and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from 1 minute of test.

There must be a minimum of 10 tests performed to conclusively declare a tank 

tight or declare a leak.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a resistance temperature sensor.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a height difference of 6 

feet between product and water level.

Calibration: Level sensors are calibrated before each test.

Temperature sensor must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance 

with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank system.

Absolute Precision Testing Systems Evaluator: Dixon Consulting Inc.

P.O. Box 6715 Tel: (812) 332-4144

Bloomington, IN 47407 Date of Evaluation: 12/05/95

Tel: Unavailable
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

21

Revision Date: April 18,1997

Advanced Tank Technology, Inc.

Leak Tracer Dye (LTD)

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: intermittent

Operating principle: product solubility - color development

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time N/A* N/A

Lower detection limit (cm) <0.32 <0.32

*See glossary.

Specificity Results:

Activated: unleaded gasoline (above 23 ppm), synthetic gasoline (above 8 ppm), n-hexane, diesel fuel, 

jet-A fuel, JP-4 jet fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Leak Tracer Dye develops color in alcohols, ketones, solvents, and PCBs as well as petroleum 

products.

Comments:

Sensors are not reusable, and must be replaced after contact with hydrocarbons.

Sensor is listed as “intermittent” because it must be checked periodically; it does not automatically alarm 

when hydrocarbon is detected.

Advanced Tank Technology, Inc. Evaluator: Scientific Information Services

820 N. Sylvania Tel: Not Available

Fort Worth, TX 76111 Date of Evaluation: 02/02/93

Tel: (817) 831-3246
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

22

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Advanced Telemetrics, Ltd.

Model 1100LD Version 1.07

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 98.9% and PFA= 1.1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested.

Minimum product level required is 10 inches.

Waiting Time: Determined automatically based on quality of tank data.

Average during evaluation was 8 hours, 56 minutes between delivery and testing.

Dispensing during waiting time may extend waiting time.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Determined automatically based on quality of tank data.

Average during evaluation was 3 hours, 39 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by probe containing 5 or more IC (solid state)

temperature sensors.

At least one IC temperature sensor must be submerged in product during test. 

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.5 inch. 

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.03 inch.

Calibration: IC (solid state) temperature sensors and probe must be checked and calibrated in 

accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: Evaluated in automatic mode where a test is run whenever conditions in tank are quiet for a 

sufficient amount of time.

If test is run manually, vendor recommends waiting at least 7 hours after delivery and 

allowing the ATG to determine minimum test period to avoid inconclusive results.

Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Advanced Telemetrics, Ltd. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8800 Tradeway Tel: (816) 443-2494

San Antonio, TX. 78217 Date of Evaluation: 04/03/98

Tel: (800) 382-1482
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

23

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Advanced Telemetrics, Ltd.

Tanknetics SIR, Version 2.1

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.5%.

Leak Threshold: 0.10 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph. 

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 45,000 gallons for single tanks.

Maximum of 45,000 gallons cumulative capacity for manifold tank systems with no 

more than 4 tanks in system.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 28 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: 51% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive results.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 18,897 gallons.

Leak rates ranging from 0.043 to 0.234 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Advanced Telemetrics, Ltd Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8800 Tradeway Tel: (816) 443-2494

San Antonio, TX. 78217 Date of Evaluation: 01/28/97

Tel: (800) 382-1482
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

24

Revision Date: April 18,1997

Agar Corp.

LEAKWISE Groundwater Monitor

ID-220 Series Hydrocarbon on Water Detector System

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: radio frequency (RF) attenuation

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1

Lower detection limits (cm)

 "Standard" setting 0.16 0.32

 "Sensitive" setting 0.03 0.03

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s), water.

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Operating range: 

Resolution : 0.5 mm of hydrocarbon on water or brine

Variation : groundwater fluctuation of +/- 1 meter standard (larger variations optional)

Oil thickness : 0.3 - 25 mm optional (higher ranges available)

Temperature : 0 - 70 degrees C (higher available)

Comments: 

Sensors are reusable. 

Color coded signal lights indicate the presence of air, water, and hydrocarbon liquid when activated 

(yellow, green, and red, respectively).

Agar Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

1600 Townhurst Tel: (816) 443-2494

Houston, TX 77403 Date of Evaluation: 11/15/91

Tel: (713) 464-4451
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

25

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Alert Technologies, Inc.

Alert Model 2000 In-Tank Mass Measurement Probe System

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.4% and PFA = 4.6% (calculated based on a 1-hour 

test).

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 15 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Product measurement not required. System measures product mass (which is not 

affected by temperature) instead of product volume. 

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.175 inch (0.27 inch for waste oil). 

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.088 inch (0.031 inch for waste oil).

Calibration: Mass measurement probe and water sensor must be checked and calibrated, if 

necessary, in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

System is battery operated and does not automatically generate a hard copy of the leak 

test result. However, a hard copy of the results can be obtained by transfer of data to 

another unit (see manufacturer's instructions for further details). 

System is not equipped with any alarms (e.g. high water alarm, or failed leak test 

alarm).

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Alert Technologies, Inc. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

5400 NewPort Dr., Suite 13 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 Date of Evaluation: 03/11/91

Tel: (847) 392-0060
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

26

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Alert Technologies, Inc.

Alert Ullage System Model 1050 

(Pressure and Vacuum Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight if the ratio of the ultrasonic signal (when 

the tank is under pressure or vacuum) to the background signal (prior to 

pressurization or evacuation) equals or exceeds 1.5 for either 12 kHz or 25 kHz 

frequency band.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oils #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 6,000 gallons.

Waiting time: None between delivery and testing if test is conducted after an underfilled tank 

tightness test.

Test Period: Minimum of 5 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Test Pressure: Net pressure of 1.5 psi or vacuum of 1.0 psi must be maintained in ullage. 

Pressure or vacuum must be maintained in the tank with a loss of less than 0.4 psi.

Temperature: Ultrasonic and background signals are independent of product temperature. 

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is present

outside ullage, vacuum test in ullage must not be used. 

Pressure test must be conducted using a net pressure of 1.5 psi in the ullage.

Calibration: System must be calibrated before each test.

Comments: Manifold tank systems must be isolated prior to test.

Evaluated using unleaded gasoline.

Tests only ullage portion of tank. 

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested using an underfill test method.

Vibration due to nearby equipment or dripping condensation may interfere with test.

Microphone was located 25 feet away from leak source during evaluation.

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it 

may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be detected by vacuum 

test. A well point in the backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

Alert Technologies, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

5400 NewPort Dr., Suite 13 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 Date of Evaluation: 03/15/92

Tel: (847) 392-0060
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

27

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Alert Technologies, Inc.

Alert Ullage System Model 1050 X (Vacuum Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight if the ratio of the ultrasonic signal (when 

the tank is under vacuum) to the background signal (prior to evacuation) equals or 

exceeds 1.5 for either 12 kHz or 25 kHz frequency band.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oils #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 24,000 gallons.

Waiting time: None between delivery and testing if test is conducted after an underfilled tank 

tightness test.

Test Period: Minimum of 5 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Test Pressure: Vacuum of 1.5 psi must be maintained in ullage. 

Vacuum must be maintained in the tank with a loss of less than 0.4 psi.

Zero pressure (background) must produce a flat line response.

Temperature: Ultrasonic and background signals are independent of product temperature. 

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is present 

outside ullage, test must not be used.

Calibration: System must be calibrated before each test.

Comments: Manifold tank systems must be isolated prior to test.

Evaluated using #4 fuel oil.

Tests only ullage portion of tank. 

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested using an underfill test method.

Vibration due to nearby equipment or dripping condensation may interfere with test.

Microphone was located 25 feet away from leak source during evaluation.

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it 

may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be detected by vacuum 

test. A well point in the backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

Alert Technologies, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

5400 NewPort Dr., Suite 13 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 Date of Evaluation: 02/28/94

Tel: (847) 392-0060
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

28

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Alert Technologies, Inc.

Alert Model 1000

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 98.2% and PFA = 1.8% for 2 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.8% and PFA = 0.2% for 4 hour test.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil. 

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 20 and 95% full.

Waiting time: Minimum of 1 hour between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 1 minute between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours to achieve PD = 98.2% and PFA = 1.8%.

Minimum of 4 hours to achieve PD = 99.8% and PFA = 0.2%.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: System measures product mass (which is not affected by temperature) instead of 

product volume. 

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure 

of 2 psi at bottom of tank during test. There must be a difference of at least 73 

inches between groundwater level and product level to provide a net pressure of 2 

psi at bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Load cell must be calibrated before each test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Alert Technologies, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

5400 NewPort Dr., Suite 13 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 Date of Evaluation: 02/28/94

Tel: (847) 392-0060
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

29

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Andover Controls Corp.

Andover Infinity

Versions CX9400, CX9200, CX9000, CMX240

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.4% and PFA = 4.6%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

 Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 3 hours between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated as the average of subsets of all data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 3 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.35 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.0028 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower 

head pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain 

undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system 

which routinely contains product.

Andover Controls Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

300 Brickstone Square Tel: (816) 443-2494

Andover, MA 01810 Date of Evaluation: 01/20/97

Tel: (978) 470-0555
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

30

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Andover Controls Corp.

Andover Infinity

Versions CX9000, CX9200, CMX240

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA < 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97.6% and PFA = 2.4%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph. 

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 3 hours between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated as the average of subsets of all data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 3 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.35 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.003 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Andover Controls Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

300 Brickstone Square Tel: (816) 443-2494

Andover, MA 01810 Date of Evaluation: 05/24/93

Tel: (978) 470-0555
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

31

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Andover Controls Corp.

Versions AC8+, AC256+ 

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA = 0.5%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 4 hours between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated as the difference between first and last data collected, divided 

by elapsed time between first and last volume changes observed.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 3 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.99 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.01 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Andover Controls Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

300 Brickstone Square Tel: (816) 443-2494

Andover, MA 01810 Date of Evaluation: 02/03/92

Tel: (978) 470-0555
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

32

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Armstrong Monitoring Corp.

AMC 5100

Leak Detection Cable AMC-5007

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity

Test Results:*

unleaded gasoline

Detection time (sec) 35

Fall time (min:sec) 02:30

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.04

*For tests conducted with 0.32 cm of floating product.

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Operating temperature: 32 degrees F to 104 degrees F (0 degrees C to 40 degrees C).

Comments: 

Sensors are reusable.

Armstrong Monitoring Corp. Evaluator: Environment Canada

215 Colonnade Road South Tel: (613) 991-1108

Nepean, Ontario, Canada K2E 7K3 Date of Evaluation: 12/03/92

Tel: (800) 465-5777
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

33

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Armstrong Monitoring Corp.

AMC 5100

Vapor Sensor AMC F4000

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: metal oxide semiconductor

Test Results:

benzene

Detection time (sec) 10

Fall time (min:sec) 04:02

Lower detection limit (ppm) 300

Comments: 

Sensors are reusable.

Armstrong Monitoring Corp. Evaluator: Environment Canada

215 Colonnade Road South Tel: (613) 991-1108

Nepean, Ontario, Canada K2E 7K3 Date of Evaluation: 12/03/92

Tel: (800) 465-5777
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

34

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

ASTTest Services, Inc.

ASTTest Mass Balance Leak Detection System

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tank with PSA of 5,575 ft2, leak rate is 0.88 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 5,575 ft2) x 0.88 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak rate = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 5,575 ft2) x 0.88 

gph] = 1.578 gph.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 5,575 ft2, leak threshold is 0.44 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 5,575 ft2) x 0.44 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 5,575 ft2) 

x 0.44 gph] = 0.789 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil, kerosene.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 13,938 ft2 (approximately 133 ft diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 48 hours after delivery or dispensing. Valve leaks and pump drain-back 

may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 48 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 10 thermistors.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as changes in level inside tank.

Calibration: Level and temperature sensors must be checked regularly in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 2,000,000 gallon, vertical aboveground tank with product 

surface area (PSA) of 5,575 ft2. Tests conducted in a vertical wall underground tank 

may achieve better results. 

ASTTest Services, Inc. Evaluator: Albert Machlin, P.E.

2336 Hamlet Drive Tel: (212) 675-5868

Melbourne, FL 32934 Date of Evaluation: 11/98

Tel: (407) 242-1474
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

35

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Beaudreau Electronics, Inc.

Models 404, 406 Pump Cut-Offs

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch (Model 404), 

refractive index of liquids (Model 406)

Test Results:

Model 404 unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time manual reset manual reset manual reset

Precision (in) 0.0124 0.0167 0.0067

Lower detection limit (in) 0.89 0.72 0.68

Model 406

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time manual reset manual reset manual reset

Precision (standard deviation) 0.003474 0.001923 0.005329

Lower detection limit (in) 0.357 0.321 0.369

Specificity Results:

Manufacturer and evaluator claim sensors will respond to any liquid.

Manufacturer’s Specifications:

Manufacturer states that system requires no calibration.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable. 

Beaudreau Electronics, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

23 Industrial Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Waterford, CT 06285-9715 Date of Evaluation: 07/20/94

Tel: (203) 443-6570
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

36

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Beaudreau Electronics, Inc.

Models 510, 516 Discriminating Sensors

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative, discriminating

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: polymer strip, hydrocarbon-only (Model 510),

optical sensor and conductivity (Model 516)

Test Results:

Model 510 unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Detection time 5-10 min 1-2 hr <1 sec

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Precision - standard deviation (in) <0.0001 <0.0001 0.0045

Lower detection limit (in) 0.058 0.058 11.566

Model 516

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time <1 <1 <1

Precision - standard deviation (in) 0.0038 0.0032 0.0020

Lower detection limit (in) 0.340 0.369 0.389

Specificity Results:

Manufacturer claims sensors will respond to any liquid. No additional materials tested.

Manufacturer’s Specifications:

Model 510 is designed to work with Beaudreau Model 404-4 or Model 500 Controllers.

Model 516 is designed to work with Beaudreau Model 500 or Model 512 Controllers and will not work 

with Model 404-4 Controller.

Comments:

Model 510 polymer strip must be replaced after contact with hydrocarbon.

Model 516 is designed to be placed in a sensor well in bottom of a containment sump with at least one 

other sensor mounted higher as a high-water cut-off.

Both models were not evaluated for ability to detect a layer of hydrocarbon on water. 

Manufacturer claims both models require no calibration.

Beaudreau Electronics, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

23 Industrial Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Waterford, CT 06285-9715 Date of Evaluation: 04/28/99

Tel: (203) 443-6570
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

37

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Bell Avon, Inc.

VIGILANT Leak Detection System

PRESSURE/VACUUM INTERSTITIAL MONITOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD =100% and PFA =0%.

Leak Threshold: System alarms when changes in interstitial vacuum exceed a predetermined 

change in slope versus time curve.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oils #4, waste oil. 

Other liquids may be tested which are compatible with flexible liner after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons based on interstitial volume resulting when flexible 

liner is properly fitted and held in position against rigid tank wall.

No minimum product level during test.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 20 minutes between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 40 minutes.

Comments: System is located within the interstitial space between a properly fitted and 

installed flexible liner inside a rigid tank.

Flexible liner is held in position by maintaining a vacuum on interstitial space.

Interstitial space is tested continuously.

System allows for permeation of vapor from stored substance into interstitial 

space.

Vapor discharged from vacuum pump must meet applicable air quality standards. 

Vapor recovery of product vapor from interstitial space is feasible when required.

System detects breaches in either flexible internal liner or rigid tank walls.

Bell Avon, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

1200 Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Picayune, MS 39466-5427 Date of Evaluation: 11/16/95

Tel: (601) 799-1217
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

38

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Brooks KWK, Inc.

Leak Detection Systems,

KW-140, KW-240 Monitors with Types 1, 2 Sensors

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product soluble

Test Results:

Type 1 Sensor unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (sec) 24 9

Fall time N/A* N/A

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.01 0.01

Type 2 Sensor

Detection time (min:sec) 14:39 08:45

Fall time N/A N/A

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.01 0.01

* See glossary.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A jet fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Type 1 sensor is recommended by manufacturer for detecting liquid and vapor gasoline, alcohol-blend 

fuels, and JP-4 jet fuel in wet or dry monitor wells.

Type 2 sensor is recommended by manufacturer for detecting fuel oils #1 and #2, A2M, JP-4 jet fuel, 

JP-5 jet fuel, unleaded gasoline, and alcohol blend fuels in wet monitoring wells only.

Comments:

Sensors are not reusable, and must be replaced after contact with hydrocarbons.

Formerly manufactured by In-Situ, Inc.

Brooks KWK, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

RR 7, Box 141 Tel: (412) 268-3495

Wellsboro, PA 16901 Date of Evaluation: 07/29/91

Tel: (717) 724-6448
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

39

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Caldon, Inc.

Caldon PF2000 Pipeline Leak Detection System for Bulk Pipelines

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 10 gph at 100 psi with PD > 95% and PFA < 5%.

(EPA defined equivalent 3.0 gph at 10 psi).

Leak Threshold: 8 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if pressure decay or change 

in rate of decay in protected segment indicates a leak that exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping up to 18 inches diameter.

Tests are normally conducted at operating pressures of 50 to 150 psi, but system 

may not work at pressures less that 75 psi, and may need to be 100 psi or higher.

System may be used on pipelines pressurized up to 400 psi

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 212,000 gallons.

 Evaluation conducted on straight piping runs with capacities to 106,000 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Variable up to 15 minutes.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

 Automatic testing under static conditions.

Preset thresholds.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Message display or printout, alarm activation if leak is declared.

Test data acquisition and calculation by computer.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: According to vendor, system works in a complex piping network, can detect leaks 

developed between static test times, and is capable of detecting gradually 

increasing leaks once they reach the system's detection range. However, not all 

these features were demonstrated during this evaluation or other field 

demonstration testing.

Caldon, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

1070 Banksville Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Pittsburgh, PA 15216 Date of Evaluation: 10/15/98

Tel: (412) 341-9920 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

40

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Caldwell Systems Corp.

Tank Manager

(Ultrasonic Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 96.7% and PFA = 3.3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph. 

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 20,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 12 hours, 25 minutes between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 15 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours, 15 minutes. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined from the measurement of the change in the speed 

of sound. 

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.921 inch. 

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.0315 inch.

Calibration: Probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Water sensor, temperature sensor and product level monitor are contained in a 

single ultrasonic probe.

Caldwell Systems Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

600 South Sunset Street, Unit D Tel: (816) 443-2494

Longmont, CO 80501 Date of Evaluation: 04/22/96

Tel: (303) 684-8436
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

41

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Caldwell Systems Corp.

Tank Manager Liquid Sensor, Version TMLIQ

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: ultrasonic

Test Results:

Horizontal Position unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Response time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Recovery time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.28 1.30 2.43

Precision - standard deviation 

(cm)

0.05 0.06 0.25

Vertical Position

Response time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Recovery time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 8.56 7.59 9.27

Precision - standard deviation 

(cm)

0.22 0.11 0.44

Specificity Results:

Evaluator claims sensor will detect fuels or other liquids.

Comments:

Sensor is designed to alarm only when liquid is present from one end of sensor to the other. Therefore, 

sensor orientation (vertical or horizontal) will effect lower detection limit.

Sensors are reusable. 

Caldwell Systems Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

600 South Sunset Street, Unit D Tel: (816) 443-2494

Longmont, CO 80501

Tel: (303) 684-8436 Date of Evaluation: 11/09/98
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

42

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Campo/Miller, Inc.

LS300, LS300 N/C, LS300-120, LS300-120 XLC, LS300-120 PLUS, LS300-120 PLUS A/S

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3 gph with PD = 96.2% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.36 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuels, fuel oils #4, waste oil, kerosene.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 35.36 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 10 seconds for LS300, LS300 N/C.

Response time is 10 seconds, but can be adjusted between 10 seconds and 2 

minutes, 30 seconds depending on the bulk modulus* of the piping system for 

LS300-120, LS300-120 XLC, LS300-120 PLUS, LS300-120 PLUS A/S.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

*See glossary.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset leak threshold.

Single leak test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, indicator light and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: Manufacturer recommends a weekly self check, activated by the operator, and a 

full functional test every 30 days, estimated to take 5 minutes to perform for 

LS300, LS300 N/C, LS300-120, LS300-120 XLC.

System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions for LS300-120 PLUS, LS300-120 PLUS A/S .

Campo/Miller, Inc. Evaluator: Jetronix Engineering Laboratories

P. O. Box 1809 Tel: (213) 377-4668

Porterville, CA 93258 Date of Evaluation: 06/01/91

Tel: (209) 781-6862 Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

Tel: (816) 443-2494

Date of Evaluation: 09/09/94 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

43

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Campo/Miller, Inc.

LS300-120 PLUS AL, LS300-120 PLUS AL A/S, LS300-120 PLUS AL LSI

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rateof 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rateof 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuels, fuel oils #4, waste oil, kerosene.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 163 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 3 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 6 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 10 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 25 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 34 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline every 45 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Automatic testing of pipeline when pump has been idle for 3 hours for leak rate of 

0.2 gph.

Automatic testing of pipeline when pump has been idle for 6 hours for leak rate of 

0.1 gph.

Preset threshold.

Triplicate testing to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, indicator light and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Campo/Miller, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

P. O. Box 1809 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Porterville, CA 93258 Date of Evaluation: 06/23/95

Tel: (209) 781-6862
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

44

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Coggins Systems, Inc.

Leak Manager with Barton Series 3500 ATG (48 hour test) (72 hour test)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak rate is 2.0 gph with PD = 97.8% and PFA = 2.2% for 48 

hour test and PD = 98.5% and PFA = 1.5% for 72 hour test.

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 2.0 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak rate = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 2.0 gph] = 

3.29 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 1.59 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5% for 48 hour 

test and 1.44 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5% for 72 hour test.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak threshold is 1.0 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 1.0 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 1.0 gph] 

= 1.64 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals 

or exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 15,205 ft2.

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 12 hours, 20 minutes after delivery or dispensing. Valve leaks and pump drainback may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 7.3 to 17.2 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 48 hours (48 hour test).

Minimum of 72 hours (72 hour test).

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: The differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 600,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface area 

(PSA) of 6,082 ft2.

Coggins Systems, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

5834 Peachtree Corners East Tel: (816) 443-2494

Norcross, GA 30092 Date of Evaluation: 05/20/98

Tel: (770) 447-9202
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

45

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Computerizing, Inc.

Computank, Version 3.0

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA = 2%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of usable product level and flow through data are required.

Comments: Not evaluated using data from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, 17 were not analyzed.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 2,340 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

 

 

 

Computerizing, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

PO Box 99 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Scottsboro, AL 35768 Date of Evaluation: 09/17/92

Tel: (256) 259-1805
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

46

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Containment Solutions, Inc.

(formerly Fluid Containment which was formerly O/C Tanks)

Hydrostatic Precision Tank Test for DWT-Type II Tanks

DOUBLE WALLED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 1.2% without dispensing.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5.0% with dispensing.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph without dispensing and 0.07 gph with dispensing. A tank system should 

not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 0 and 100% full.

Maximum tank diameter is 10 feet.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 24 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 3 hours between "topping off" the annular space with liquid and 

testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours.

A leak is not declared unless the threshold is exceeded in two tests, separated by 

at least 8 hours which are performed without dispensing and with minimal changes 

in groundwater elevation above bottom of tank as described below.

Other Limitations: Volume of trapped vapor must not exceed 20 gallons. 

 Change in barometric pressure must be less than 0.04 psia over the 4-hour test 

 period. 

 Annular space must be at least 100% full with either water or antifreeze. 

 If groundwater is above bottom of tank, and no product is being dispensed during 

test, total change in groundwater elevation during test must be less than 1.5 

inches per hour. 

If groundwater is below bottom of tank or not changing during test, total change in 

product level during test must be less than 0.75 inch per hour.

Containment Solutions, Inc. Evaluator: Vista Research

5150 Jefferson Chemical Rd. Tel: (415) 966-1171

Conroe, TX 77301-6834 Date of Evaluation: 05/15/91

Tel: (800) 628-2657
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

47

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Containment Solutions, Inc.

(formerly Fluid Containment which was formerly O/C Tanks)

FCI Liquid Filled Interstitial Monitor

Tank Model DWT6 with Model FHRB 810 Level Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative, non-discriminating (aqueous solution only)

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

System is capable of detecting leaks of 0.1 gph or smaller within one month for all size tanks 

manufactured by Containment Solutions, Inc. at time of evaluation. Estimated time to activate alarm, 

given a leak rate of 0.1 gph and assuming initial reservoir is 2 inches below full, ranges from 4 hours for 

a 500 gallon tank to 267 hours for a 50,000 gallon tank. Minimum detectable leak for alarm within one 

month ranges from 0.0047gph for a 500 gallon tank to 0.0185 gph for a 50,000 gallon tank, if initial 

reservoir level is 50%. Other test results listed below.

Evaluation variable Range of conditions

Estimated range of effect for 

gasoline on brine level (in)

Product level change in tank From 0% to 90% 2.0

Water table changes 48 inches change 1.6

Temperature changes From 40 to 100 degrees F. 1.8

Vapor trapped in interstice 

(with temperature change)

45 gallons air trapped 

(with temperature change 

from 40 to 100 degrees F.)

<2

Manufacturer’s Specifications:

Fluid in reservoir must be filled to proper level.

When alarm condition exists, or annually, sensor must be removed and tested in a bucket of water, 

according to manufacturer's instructions.

Comments:

Evaluation conducted on DWT6 20,000 gallon tank with a R28 reservoir and FHRB 810 sensor.

Evaluation parameters included: tank product level changes, water table changes, temperature 

changes, measurement of trapped vapor in the interstice, leak effects on the liquid-filled interstice, 

and scaling factors (application to various tank sizes).

System was not evaluated for ability to detect layer of hydrocarbon on water.

Containment Solutions, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

5150 Jefferson Chemical Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Conroe, TX 77301-6834 Date of Evaluation: 06/15/98

Tel: (800) 628-2657
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

48

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Control Engineers

Line Leak Detector 

Model LLP2

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 1.88 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 89 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 15 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is approximately 10 seconds for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 30 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a permanently installed microprocessor. 

Calculations are automatically performed by a microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, indicator light and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Control Engineers no longer manufactures this equipment.

The company and rights for this product were sold to Veeder-Root.

*For product support information, contact Veeder-Root.

Veeder-Root* Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 07/18/94

Tel: (860) 561-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

49

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Control Engineers

CEI 3000 Tank Level Module - Version TLP2 

Normal/Rapid Test Mode

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.0% and PFA = 0.1% for normal test mode.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.0% and PFA = 5.0% for rapid test mode.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.2% and PFA = 0.08% for normal test mode.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.0% and PFA = 5.0% for rapid test mode.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tank must be minimum 95% full for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours, 40 minutes between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours for normal test mode and 1 hour, 12 minutes for rapid test mode and for leak 

rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 6 hours, 23 minutes for normal test mode and 2 hours, 40 minutes for rapid test mode 

and for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 temperature resistance detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.49 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.05 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

Control Engineers no longer manufactures this equipment.

The company and rights for this product were sold to Veeder-Root.

*For product support information, contact Veeder-Root.

Veeder-Root* Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 05/21/92, 05/27/92 

Tel: (860) 561-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

50

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

EBW, Inc.

Auto-Stik II, Auto-Stik Jr.

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 98.3% and PFA = 1.7%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals 

or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

 Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation 

with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 6 hours between dispensing and testing for leak of 0.2 gph. 

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing for leak of 0.1 gph.

There must be no delivery during waiting time for leak of 0.2 gph.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time for leak of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from average of subsets of all data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.49 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.0052 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

Auto Stik Jr. is used with up to 4 magnetostrictive probes and can handle up to 8 input 

sensors.

Auto Stik II is used with up to 16 magnetostrictive probes and can handle up to 64 input 

sensors.

EBW, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

P.O. Box 689 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Muskegon, MI 49443 Date of Evaluation: 08/20/93

Tel: (800) 475-5151
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

51

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

EBW, Inc.

AUTO-STIK Sensors

LS-5, LS-7, LS-10, LS-15, LS-20, LS-35, LS-3A, LS-30A

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

LS-5, LS-35 (float switches) unleaded gasoline diesel fuel water

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.317 1.23 1.156

LS-10, LS-15, LS-20 (float switches)

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (in) 2.870 2.822 2.667

LS-3A (N.C. and N.O.)

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 2.59 2.38 2.08

LS-30A (low level)

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 8.79 8.48 8.15

LS-30A (high level)

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 23.65 23.04 22.78

LS-7

Detection time (sec) <1 N/A <1

Fall time (sec) <1 N/A <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.09 N/A 0.81

*See glossary.

Specificity Results:

Manufacturer and evaluator claim that sensors will respond to any liquid.

Manufacturer’s Specifications:

There is no manufacturer’s recommended maintenance schedule.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

EBW, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

P.O. Box 689 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Muskegon, MI 49443 Dates of Evaluation: 04/20/93, 07/05/94

Tel: (800) 475-5151
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

52

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

EBW, Inc.

AUTO-STIK Discriminating Sensors

LS-5, LS-10, LS-15, LS-20, LS-35

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product permeability

Test Results:

LS-5, LS-35 (polymer strips) unleaded 

gasoline

diesel 

fuel

water

Detection time (min) ~7 ~60 N/A*

Fall time (sec) N/A N/A N/A

Lower detection limit (cm) <0.014 <0.014 N/A

LS-10, LS-15, LS-20 (polymer strip)

Detection time (min) ~7 ~60 N/A*

Fall time (sec) N/A N/A N/A

Lower detection limit (in) <0.014 <0.014 N/A

*See glossary.

Specificity Results:

Manufacturer and evaluator claim sensors will respond to any liquid, except water.

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Operating temperature: -20 degrees F to 150 degrees F( -28.9 degrees C to 65.5 degrees C).

There is no manufacturer’s recommended maintenance schedule.

Comments: 

Sensors can be reset by exposing them to air.

Sensors are reusable.

EBW, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

P.O. Box 689 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Muskegon, MI 49443 Date of Evaluation: 07/05/94

Tel: (800)475-5151
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

53

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

EFA Technologies, Inc.

LeakNet

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph at 10 psi with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.2 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuels, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized bulk material transfer pipelines. 

Suitable for all pressurized steel, plastic, fiberglass, or concrete pipelines.

System is used as an equivalent 3 gph line leak detector. 

Leak detection flow rates are proportional to pressure in pipeline.

Testing is conducted while the product is not flowing in the pipeline.

Pipeline must be full and under pressure. 

Gravity feed pipelines under constant static head pressure may be tested with system.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 116,230 gallons.

System tested on 58,115 gallon pipeline.

Use of pipeline test protocol allows system to be used on pipelines twice the volume of 

test pipeline. Contact manufacturer prior to using on pipelines exceeding 58,115 

gallons through 116,230 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 2 to 5 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Calculations are automatically performed by computer.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline at least once per hour under static conditions.

Continuous operation during flowing conditions (however, thresholds are higher due to 

hydraulic noise in pipeline).

Declaration of leak if current changes in pressure exceed tuning parameters, or if 

pressure fluctuates in a manner that is characteristic of a leak.

Pump shutdown, indicator light and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually. Standard electronic field instruments used by the 

system requires normal annual inspection and calibration checks.

Comments: Designed to replace a mechanical line leak detector to detect equivalent 3 gph releases 

at 10 psi on large pipelines at pressures higher than those found at typical service 

station.

EFA Technologies, Inc. Evaluator: Ms. Terri Regan -

116 20th St. Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center

Sacramento, CA 95814 Tel: (202) 433-5196

Tel: (916) 443-8842 Date of Evaluation: 09/26/95
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

54

Revision Date: March 16, 1998

Egemin Naamloze Vennootschap

E'SPI III

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97.9% and PFA = 1.1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.075 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons. 

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 7 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 5 hours, 30 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from average of subsets of all collected data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is obtained by a single moving quartz crystal temperature 

sensor.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.253 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.029 inch.

Calibration: Temperature sensor and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Egemin Naamloze Vennootschap Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

Bredabaan 1201 - 2900 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Schoten, Belgium Date of Evaluation: 12/21/90

Tel: 011-32-3-03/645 27 90
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

55

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Egemin Naamloze Vennootschap

E'SPI IV

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97.2% and PFA = 0.3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours, 15 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from average of subsets of all collected data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.253 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.029 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Egemin Naamloze Vennootschap Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

Bredabaan 1201 - 2900 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Schoten, Belgium

Tel: 011-32-3-03/645 2790 Date of Evaluation: 12/21/90
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

56

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO System LLD (Q0011)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1293 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.0793 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure. 

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 67.4 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Ranges from 0 to 1 hour, 27 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 

0.2 gph.

Ranges from 0 to 2 hours, 48 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 

0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 2 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 9 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 31 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Cary, NC 27511 Date of Evaluation: 12/31/93, 07/18/94

Tel: (919) 460-6000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

57

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO System LLD

 (for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.0793 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Specification: System tests flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Tests are conducted at average pressure of 10 psi for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 49.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 14 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 11 minutes, 24 seconds for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 9 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Cary, NC 27511 Date of Evaluation: 07/18/94

Tel: (919) 460-6000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

58

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO System 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000 and Galaxy 0.2 gph Precision Test and Quick Test

(Q0400-4xx Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.1% and PFA = 0.9% for Precision Test.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.4% and PFA = 4.6% for Quick Test.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested. 

Minimum product level required based on tank diameter as follows: 48" dia./min. 8.5"; 

64" dia./min. 10.5"; 72" dia./min. 11.5"; 96" dia./min. 14": 126" dia./min. 18".

For other diameters, see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Between delivery and testing ranges from 1 to 6 hours depending on tank conditions.

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Average of 2 hours, 46 minutes during Precision Test evaluation.

Average of 1 hour, 9 minutes during Quick Test evaluation.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor which automatically determines 

test time based on tank size and product level.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Probe contains 5 resistance temperature detectors (RTD's) to monitor product 

temperature. At least one RTD must be submerged in product during testing.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.66 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.039 inches.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked regularly and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifolded tanks.

Tests only the portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank which routinely 

contains product.

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Cary, NC 27511 Dates of Evaluation: 12/23/93, 06/20/94

Tel: (919) 460-6000 08/17/95, 07/28/97, 11/17/99
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

59

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO System 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000 and Galaxy 0.1 gph Precision Test and Quick Test

(Q0400-4xx Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1% for Precision Test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 96% and PFA = 4% for Quick Test.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain which 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with 

the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested. 

Minimum product level required based on tank diameter as follows: 48" dia./min. 8.5";

64" dia./min. 10.5"; 72" dia./min. 11.5"; 96" dia./min. 14"; 126" dia./min. 18".

For other diameters, see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours, 45 minutes for Precision Test.

Average of 3 hours 45 minutes at 95% full and 5 hours 58 minutes at 50% full during Precision Test 

evaluation.

Minimum of 1 hour, 49 minutes for Quick Test.

Average of 1 hour 48 minutes at 95% full and 2 hours 48 minutes at 50% full during Quick Test 

evaluation.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor which automatically determines test time 

based on tank size and product level.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Probe contains 5 resistance temperature detectors (RTD's) to monitor product temperature. At least 

one RTD must be submerged in product during testing.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.66 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.039 inches.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked regularly and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifolded tanks.

Tests only the portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank which routinely contains 

product.

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Cary, NC 27511 Dates of Evaluation: 02/08/94, 09/19/97

Tel: (919) 460-6000 01/04/00
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

60

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO System, Leak Sensor II, Leak Sensor Jr.

Thermistor and Proximity probes

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: thermal conductivity, proximity switch

Test Results:

EECO System unleaded gasoline synthetic gasoline

Detection time (sec) <5 <5

Fall time manual reset manual reset

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Thermistor 1.22 1.12

 Proximity 0.97 1.04

Leak Sensor II

Detection time (sec) <5 <5

Fall time manual reset manual reset

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Thermistor 1.14 1.14

 Proximity 1.12 1.17

Leak Sensor Jr.

Detection time (sec) <5 <5

Fall time manual reset manual reset

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Thermistor 1.24 1.19

 Proximity 1.12 1.17

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s), water.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable. 

Systems alarm if either water or product leaks into interstitial space.

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Cary, NC 27511 Date of Evaluation: 11/09/92

Tel: (919) 460-6000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

61

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO 2000, 3000, Leak Sensor II, Leak Sensor Jr. Systems

Q0001-005 Interstitial Space Flood Sensor 

and

 EECO 1500, 2000, 3000 Systems

Q0003-005 Wet Interstitial Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

Q0001-005 Interstitial unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Space Flood Sensor high* low* high low high low

Lower detection limit (cm) 31.06 5.49 30.78 5.36 30.35 5.03

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Q0003-005 Wet Interstitial

Sensor

Lower detection limit (cm) 30.73 6.73 30.78 6.60 30.12 4.29

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

Specificity Results:

Evaluator claims sensors will respond to any liquid.

Manufacturer’s Specifications:

Temperature range: -13 to 158F (-25 to 70C).

Interstitial liquid level should be adjusted to center of sensor.

Comments:

Primary use is interstitial or annular space of a double-walled tank partially filled with brine solution.

Activates alarm if solution level exceeds upper or lower limits. 

Sensors are reusable. 

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Cary, NC 27511 Date of Evaluation: 10/18/96

Tel: (919) 460-6000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

62

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO 1500, 2000, 3000 Systems

Q0003-001 Discriminating Dispenser Pan Sensor, Q0003-002 Discriminating STP Sump Sensor,

Q0003-003 Discriminating Interstitial Sensor, Q0003-006 Liquid Only Interstitial Sensor,

Q0003-009 Liquid Float Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch and polymer strip (Q0003-001, Q0003-002), optical prism and conductivity 

(Q0003-003), optical prism (Q0003-006), float switch (Q0003-009)

Test Results:

Q0003-001 Discriminating unleaded gasoline diesel fuel water

Dispenser Pan Sensor (float switch, 

polymer strip)

high* low* high low high low

Lower detection limit (cm) 19.91 3.38 19.86 3.30 19.66 3.20

Detection time (sec) 1-24hr 1-24hr <1 <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) clean clean clean clean <1 <1

Q0003-002 Discriminating STP Sump 

Sensor (float switch, polymer strip)

Lower detection lim it (cm) 28.37 3.12 28.24 3.07 28.04 3.00

Detection time (sec) 1-24hr 1-24hr <1 <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) clean clean clean clean <1 <1

Q0003-003 Discriminating Interstitial 

Sensor (optical prism, conductivity)

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.68 1.68 1.85

Detection time (hr) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Q0003-006 Liquid Only Interstitial 

Sensor (optical prism)

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.35 1.55 1.78

Detection time (hr) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Q0003-009 Liquid Float Sensor 

(float switch)

Lower detection limit (cm) 2.54 2.49 2.21

Detection time (hr) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

Specificity Results:

Evaluator claims sensors will res pond to any liquid.

Comments:

Q0003-001 and Q0003-002 sensors must be cleaned with rubbing alcohol, or dish soap and water after exposure 

to product.

Sensors are reusable if not completely saturated with product.

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Cary, NC 27511 Date of Evaluation: 10/18/96

Tel: (919) 460-6000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

63

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp.

EECO 1500, 2000, 3000, Leak Sensor, Leak Sensor II, Leak Sensor Jr.

(Q0002-001, 005 Sensors)

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: adsistor (Q0002-001), metal oxide semiconductor (Q0002-005)

Test Results:

Q0002-001 Sensor unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Accuracy* (%) 100 100

Detection time* (min:sec) 19:32 09:16

Fall time* (hh:mm:ss) 00:32:30 >01:05:33

Lower detection limit (ppm) 1000 500

Q0002-005 Sensor

Accuracy* (%) 100 100 100

Detection time* (min:sec) 00:30 00:28 01:01

Fall time* (min:sec) 03:34 02:40 05:33

Lower detection limit (ppm) 100 100 100

 

*For tests conducted with 1000 ppm of test gas.

** See Glossary

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s).

Comments:

Q0002-001 sensor is not for use with synthetic gasoline.

Emco Electronics, Tuthill Corp. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

114-300 MacKenan Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Cary, NC 27511 Date of Evaluation: 11/12/96, 10/18/96

Tel: (919) 460-6000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

64

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Engineered Systems, Inc.

Image II

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96.6% and PFA = 3.4%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 90% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from average of subsets of all collected data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.83 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.0116 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Engineered Systems Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

2001 W. Campus Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Tempe, AZ 85282 Date of Evaluation: 08/20/93

Tel: (602) 438-1362
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

65

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Entropy Limited

Precision Tank Inventory Control System Version 90

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUALITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97.9% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.04 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 64 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: Not evaluated using data from manifold tank systems.

Of 120 data sets submitted for evaluation, 13 were not evaluated and 16 were 

inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 42,835 gallons.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Entropy Limited Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

S. Great Rd. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Lincoln, MA 01773 Date of Evaluation: 04/02/91

Tel: (617) 259-8901
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

66

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Entropy Limited

Precision Tank Inventory Control System, Revision 90

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA < 0.5%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 22,500 gallons for single tanks.

Maximum of 60,000 gallons cumulative volume for manifolded tank systems with no 

more than 3 tanks in system.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: 32% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems. 

Of 56 data sets submitted for evaluation, 6 were not analyzed due to unusable data 

and none were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 52,207 gallons.

Leak rates ranging from 0.0497 to 0.203 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Entropy Limited Evaluator: Simpson, Gumpertz and Heger, Inc.

S. Great Rd. Tel: (617) 643-2000

Lincoln, MA 01773 Date of Evaluation: 11/30/93

Tel: (617) 259-8901
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

67

Revision Date: December 4, 1997

Environment and Safety

EASI Level-Tru

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.4% and PFA = 4.6%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 4 hours, 6 minutes between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours, 36 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data collected over the entire range of test period.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.896 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.023 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Environment and Safety, Inc. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

252 Welsh Pool Rd. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Exton, PA 19341-1313 Date of Evaluation: 04/11/91

Tel: Unavailable
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

68

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

Environmental Fuel Systems, Inc.

Fuel Finder Version IV

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: quantitative

Sampling frequency: intermittent

Operating principle: adsorption sampling

Test Results:

benzene 2-methylbutane

Accuracy (%) [Avg. Reading] 106.8 [1647 ppm] 122.7 [1380 ppm]

Bias (%) 64.5 38.2

Precision (%) 22.3 53.2

Detection time N/A* N/A

Fall time N/A N/A

Lower detection limit (ppm) 77 116

* See glossary.

Specificity Results:

percentages

Benzene 147.7

n-butane 90.7

n-hexane 55.7

Isobutane 51.1

2-methylpentane 143.7

Toluene 66.5

Environmental Fuel Systems, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

P.O. Box 1899 Tel: (412) 268-3495

Bandera, TX 78003 Date of Evaluation: 04/20/93

Tel: (800) 375-7747 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

69

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

EnviroSIR LLC

EnviroSIR Version 1.0

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97.4% and PFA = 0.1%

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97.4% and PFA = 2.6%

Leak Threshold: 0.15 for leak rate of 0.2 gph. 

0.05 for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, kerosene.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 45,000 gallons for single tanks.

Maximum of 45,000 gallons cumulative capacity for manifold tank systems with 

no more than 4 tanks in the system. 

Data Requirement: Minimum of 28 days of usable product level and flow through data.

System Features: Method of data analysis that system employs, and was used during evaluation 

process, is exclusive of any external control by vendor.

System consists of a fully automated software package with embedded 

algorithms for conducting leak detection testing. Consequently, third party 

evaluation procedure demonstrated that system can be used in-house with no 

requirement for direct vendor participation, except in certain rare cases when 

system generates a flag that requires a vendor trained and certified specialist to 

analyze data and make the final decision.

System incorporates context-sensitive "Help" information.

Evaluation Features: Evaluator tested this system for in-house use. Computer program disk along 

with instructional documentation was supplied by vendor to evaluator. 

Evaluator, without vendor involvement, analyzed required data and performed 

evaluation using program disk and accompanying documentation. Vendor was 

not present during evaluation.

This system was also evaluated using a leak threshold of 0.1gph for leak rate of 

0.2 gph and is available at the user's request.

Comments: 53% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems.

Of 43 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive 

results.

Median monthly throughput for tanks evaluated was 18,897 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

EnviroSIR LLC Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

1003 East Saint Mary Blvd., P.O. Box 52565 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Lafayette, LA 70505 Date of Evaluation: 10/20/98

Tel: (318) 233-2383
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

70

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

FCI Environmental, Inc.

Analog Hydrocarbon Probe AHP-100, Digital Hydrocarbon Probe DHP-100

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: fiber optic chemical sensor

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (min) <8 <8

Fall time (min) <5 <5

Lower detection limit (cm) <0.01 <0.01

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

FCI Environmental, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

1181 Grier Dr., Bldg. B Tel: (816) 443-2494

Las Vegas, NV 89119 Date of Evaluation: 01/15/94

Tel: (800) 510-3627
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

71

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

FCI Environmental, Inc.

Analog Hydrocarbon Probe AHP-100, Digital Hydrocarbon Probe DHP-100

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: quantitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: fiber optic

Test Results (for tests conducted with 1000 ppm test gas):

AHP-100

unleaded

gasoline

synthetic 

gasoline xylene benzene 2-methylbutane

Relative accuracy* (%) 12 22 2 35 N/R*

Bias (%) -7 -2 1 -23 N/R

Precision (%) 4 15 1 11 N/R

Detection time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 N/R

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 N/R

Lower Detection Limit (ppm) 137 220 84 519 N/R

DHP-100

Relative accuracy* (%) 18 29 0 17 N/R

Bias (%) 1 -12 0 -9 N/R

Precision (%) 9 10 0 11 N/R

Detection time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 N/R

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 N/R

Lower Detection Limit (ppm) 73 118 45 280 N/R

* See glossary.

Test Results (for tests conducted with 10 ppm test gas):

AHP-100

unleaded

gasoline

synthetic 

gasoline

diesel 

fuel

JP-4

jet fuel

JP-8

jet fuel p-xylene

kerosene

Lower Detection 

Limit (ppm) 9.25 13.26 5.79 5.26 10.89 12.94 14.65

Specificity Results (%) (corrected for sensitivity differences):

AHP-100 DHP-100 AHP-100 DHP-100

unleaded gasoline 93 101 xylene 103 N/R

synthetic gasoline** 100 92 toluene 96 97

synthetic gasoline*** 98 88 pentane N/R N/R

JP-4 jet fuel 105 109 methane N/R N/R

benzene 76 89 butane N/R N/R

trimethylbenzene 107 104 2-methylbutane N/R N/R

p-xylene 101 100 n-hexane N/R 108

** EPA March 1990 protocol

*** Radian June 1990 protocol

Comments:

1000 ppm tests used a certified blend of concentrated gas to simulate a leak. 10 ppm test used a measured 

quantity of liquid product to simulate a leak.

FCI Environmental, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

1181 Grier Dr., Bldg. B Tel: (816) 443-2494

Las Vegas, NV 89119 Dates of Evaluation: 03/07/94, 12/05/94

Tel: (800) 510-3627 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

72

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

FDR Services, Inc.

GasPak Vapor Monitoring System

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: quantitative

Sampling frequency: intermittent

Operating principle: product permeable detector

Test Results (averages of multiple concentrations):

benzene

heptane,

3-methyl hexane Iso-octane

Accuracy (%) 103 102 107 103

Bias (%) -1 1 2 1

Precision (%) 2 2 4 2

Lower detection limit (ppm) 1 1 1 1

Specificity (%) 100 100 102 101

pentane,

2,4-dimethyl

pentane,

2,3,4-

trimethyl

toluene m-xylene

Accuracy (%) 105 104 104 99

Bias (%) 1 1 1 -6

Precision (%) 3 3 3 4

Lower detection limit (ppm) 3 1 1 4

Specificity (%) 101 100 100 94

Specificity Results:

See results above.

Comments:

Detection times were not directly measured. However, evaluator states, “experiential evidence predicts 

that the detector response will reach ‘alarm’ conditions (30% of maximum fresh fuel response) at a 

distance of 5 meters in slightly over one day.” 

Each cartridge is used once, then replaced by another. 

GasPak is produced and analyzed by Fayette Environmental Services, Inc., with exclusive marketing 

and implementation rights assigned to FDR Services, Inc.

FDR Services, Inc. Evaluator: David G. Bray, Ph.D.

219 North Main St., Suite 202 University of Missouri - Columbia

Bryan, TX 77803 Tel: (573) 882-2439

Tel: (800) 337-5325 Date of Evaluation: 07/27/94
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

73

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

FE Petro, Inc.

STP-MLD Pipeline Leak Detector

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129.14 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is less than 30 seconds.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer’s instructions.

FE Petro, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

P.O. Box 139 Tel: (816) 443-2494

McFarland, WI 53558 Date of Evaluation: 07/01/92

Tel: (608) 838-8786
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

74

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

FE Petro, Inc.

STP-MLD-D Pipeline Leak Detector

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Diesel

Specification: System tests steel and fiberglass pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum for rigid system is 341 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Average response time is 1 minute.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer’s instructions.

FE Petro, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

P.O. Box 139 Tel: (816) 443-2494

McFarland, WI 53558 Date of Evaluation: 04/30/94

Tel: (608) 838-8786
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

75

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

FE Petro, Inc.

STP-MLD-E Flexline Line Leak Detector 

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capa city: Maximum of 49.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Average response time is 3 minutes.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: Enviroflex line with a bulk modulus* of 1,280 was used during evaluation.

*See glossary.

FE Petro, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

P.O. Box 139 Tel: (816) 443-2494

McFarland, WI 53558 Date of Evaluation: 03/24/94

Tel: (608) 838-8786
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

76

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Gasboy International (formerly William M. Wilson's Sons)

Gasboy TMS 500

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.1% and PFA = 0.09%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance sensors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.04 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.011 inch.

Calibration: Temperature sensors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

System is no longer being manufactured although product support is still available.

Gasboy International Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

P.O. Box 309 Tel: (816) 443-2494

707 North Valley Forge Rd. Date of Evaluation: 05/10/91

Lansdale, PA 19446-0309

Tel: (215) 855-4631
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

77

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Gems Sensors Inc. (formerly IMO Industries Inc.)

Gems Smartwell Portable Monitor Model WPM-535

with Groundwater Probe Model WP-535

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: intermittent

Operating principle: conductive polymer

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (min:sec) 09:31 07:05

Fall time (min:sec) 55:42 17:04

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.04 0.08

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Comments:

Sampling frequency is designated as "intermittent" because polymer strip is permanently mounted in 

monitoring well, while monitor is a hand held unit which is periodically connected to sensor.

Sensors are reusable.

Gems Sensors Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

Cowles Rd. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Plainville, CT 06062-1198 Date of Evaluation: 04/22/93

Tel: (203) 747-3000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

78

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Hasstech

Tank Compliance Center, Model 700

(7100 Series Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA= 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph withPD = 99.6% and PFA= 0.4%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density and where specific gravity is 

> 0.6 and viscosity is < 1500 cp may be tested after consultation with manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 6 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors. 

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.186 inch. 

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.0048 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Hasstech Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

6985 Flanders Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

San Diego, CA 92121 Date of Evaluation: 03/14/95

Tel: (619) 457-5880
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

79

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Hasstech

Leak Computer Tank Test System

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL) (Edison Lab Protocol)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 12,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer that calculates a leak rate every 

minute, and determines waiting time for satisfactory data (test is finished 

when the standard deviation of 30 sequential leak rates is less than half of the last 

leak rate determined).

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 10 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery of product during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 7 thermistors.

Groundwater: If depth to groundwater in backfill cannot be determined, tank must pass a two level 

test with at least a 3 foot difference in product level. 

If depth to groundwater in backfill can be determined, a single level test can be 

conducted provided a minimum net pressure of 1 psi exists at bottom of tank 

during test.

Calibration: Level sensor must be calibrated before each test.

Thermistors must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluated at EPA Edison Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory prior to the EPA 

standard protocols being written.

Hasstech Evaluator: U.S. EPA Risk Reduction 

6985 Flanders Dr. Engineering Laboratory

San Diego, CA 92121 Tel: (201) 321-6631

Tel: (619) 457-5880 Date of Evaluation: 11/88
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

80

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Hasstech

Leak Computer Tank Test System

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD > 99% and PFA < 1.0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 90% full.

Waiting Time: Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer that calculates a leak rate every 

minute, and determines waiting time for satisfactory data (test is finished 

when the standard deviation of 30 sequential leak rates is less than half of the last 

leak rate determined).

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 10 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 7 thermistors.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 

1 psi at bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Level sensor must be calibrated before each test.

Thermistors must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Hasstech Evaluator: Law Engineering Industrial Services

6985 Flanders Dr. Tel: (800) 672-6601

San Diego, CA 92121 Date of Evaluation: 04/17/91

Tel: (619) 457-5880
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

81

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Heath Consultants, Inc.

Petro Tite Line Tester

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.99% and PFA = 0.37%.

Leak Threshold: 0.01 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour pretest at or above test pressure (determines the effects of 

pipe deflection and stretch on test results) followed by minimum of 1 hour (four 15 

minute readings) test period at test pressure. 

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Heath Consultants, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

9030 Monroe Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Houston, TX 77061 Date of Evaluation: 03/11/91

Tel: (713) 947-9292
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

82

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Heath Consultants, Inc.

Petro Tite Line Tester

(for Flexible Pipelines)

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.99% and PFA = 0.37%.

Leak Threshold: 0.01 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 60 psi.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 49.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum 1 hour pretest at 90 psi (determines the effects of pipe deflection and 

stretch on test results), followed by 30 minute restabilization period at 60 psi, 

followed by 1 hour (four 15 minute readings) test period at 60 psi. 

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Heath Consultants, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

9030 Monroe Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Houston, TX 77061 Date of Evaluation: 12/07/94

Tel: (713) 947-9292
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

83

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Heath Consultants, Inc.

Petro Comp

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 0.98%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, water.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

An automatic product leveler must be used to maintain a constant product level 

during test.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours after the completion of the high level circulation.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer after the completion of the high 

level circulation.

Leak rate is calculated based on cumulative volume change during low level test 

(generally based on 1 hour average volume change).

Product must be mixed continuously throughout test period.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a single temperature sensor.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 

4 psi at bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Temperature sensor is self calibrating.

Level sensor must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance 

with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Heath Consultants, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

9030 Monroe Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Houston, TX 77061 Date of Evaluation: 12/15/90

Tel: (713) 947-9292
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

84

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Heath Consultants, Inc.

Petro Tite II

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full. 

An automatic product leveler must be used to maintain a constant product level 

during test.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Leak rate calculated based on cumulative volume change during low level test 

(generally based on 1 hour average volume change).

Product must be mixed continuously throughout test period.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a single DTS-2000 digital sensor.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 

4 psi at bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Sensor calibration must be checked at each use and the DTS-2000 recertified a 

minimum of once every 3 years.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Heath Consultants, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

9030 Monroe Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Houston, TX 77061 Date of Evaluation: 11/01/90

Tel: (713) 947-9292
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

85

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner EZY CHECK

EZY-Chek Manual Line Leak Detector

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 98.0% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 30 minutes.

Data are collected every 15 minutes.

Testing period consists of a monitor mode and test mode.

Data are collected in the monitor mode until two consecutive records are within 

0.01 gallon of each other.

Four data points must be taken in test mode for a final gph result.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Manual calculations performed by the operator on site.

Calibration: No temperature sensors used. 

No calibration required. 

System must be checked annually in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Horner EZY CHECK Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

719 Scheurmann St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Essexville, MI 48732 Date of Evaluation: 07/09/92

Tel: (517) 891-9868
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

86

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner EZY CHECK

EZY-Chek II Automatic Line Leak Detector

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.0% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours.

Data are collected every 30 seconds.

Testing period consists of a monitor mode and test mode.

Data are collected in monitor mode until two consecutive 15 minute records are 

within 0.01 gallon of each other. Then an additional 15 minutes is required in 

monitor mode before start of test mode.

Data are collected in test mode for 1 hour, 7 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

Calibration: Sensors must be calibrated before each test.

Horner EZY CHECK Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

719 Scheurmann St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Essexville, MI 48732 Date of Evaluation: 07/13/92

Tel: (517) 891-9868
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

87

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner EZY CHECK

EZY 3

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (VACUUM)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the vacuum decay is more than 1 inch water column 

pressure for non-volatile products and 10% of the lower determined vapor pressure for volatile products. 

A tank system should not be declared tight if any water ingress is detected. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oils #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 12,000 gallons if groundwater is not present. 

Maximum of 50,000 gallons if groundwater is present and a vacuum of 1.0 to 1.7 psi can be maintained. 

For gasoline, ullage volume must be between 800 and 2,500 gallons. 

For diesel, ullage volume must be between 500 and 1,500 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours, 30 minutes for gasoline (1 hour, 30 minutes vapor equilibrium recirculation time* 

plus 1 hour test period) when groundwater is below bottom of tank. 

Minimum of 1 hour, 30 minutes for diesel and less volatile products (30 minutes vapor equilibrium 

recirculation time* plus 1 hour test period) when groundwater is below bottom of tank.

Minimum of 1 hour when groundwater is above bottom of tank. Test period based on water ingress 

depends on tank size and must be calculated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

*The vapor equilibrium recirculation time is the time required to apply a vacuum and to saturate

 ullage with vapors.

Test Pressure: Vacuum must be maintained between 1.0 to 1.7 psi at bottom of tank.

Vacuum must not be greater than 4.0 psi in ullage. 

Temperature: Vacuum decay is independent of product temperature.

Water Sensor: Conductivity water sensor must be used to detect water ingress and must be calibrated for every test.

Minimum detectable water level is 0.014 inch. 

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.0095 inch. 

Minimum water level in tank must be adjusted to 0.014 inch before calibrating the sensor. 

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom of tank,

water sensor must be used and test time extended to ensure water ingress detection during test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluated using gasoline and diesel.

Test may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may plug holes in tank. 

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be detected by vacuum

test. A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

Horner EZY CHECK Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

719 Scheurmann St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Essexville, MI 48732 Dates of Evaluation: 08/23/94, 02/08/95

Tel: (517) 891-9868
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

88

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner EZY CHECK

Horner EZY-Chek I

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 12,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 3 hours between "topping off" and testing.

Total minimum waiting time is 6 hours.

There must be no product dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 30 minutes (30 minute monitor period, plus 1 hour test period). 

Testing must continue until data meets manufacturer's stop test criteria. 

Volume data are collected and recorded by a strip chart recorder. 

Leak rate is calculated from data of last 1 hour of test period.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a resistance temperature detector (RTD) and 

displayed on an LCD readout.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide net pressure of 2-4 psi at 

bottom of tank. 

Groundwater level must be stable prior to and during test.

Calibration: Level sensors must be calibrated before each test. 

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Horner EZY CHECK Evaluator: W. A. Kibbe and Associates

719 Scheurmann St. Tel: (517) 797-2425

Essexville, MI 48732 Date of Evaluation: 10/03/90

Tel: (517) 891-9868
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

89

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner EZY CHECK

Horner EZY-Chek II

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.95% and PFA = 0.05%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 12,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 3 hours between "topping off" and testing.

Total minimum waiting time is 6 hours.

There must be no delivery or dispensing during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 40 minutes (33 minutes monitor mode and 1 hour, 7 minutes test 

mode). 

At the conclusion of test mode, data are checked for the manufacturer's stop 

test criteria. If data do not meet the criteria, testing must continue.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from last 1 hour, 7 minutes of test period data. 

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a resistance temperature detector (RTD).

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide net pressure of 2-4 psi at 

bottom of tank. 

Groundwater level must be stable prior to and during test. 

Calibration: Load cell must be calibrated before each use.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Horner EZY CHECK Evaluator: W. A. Kibbe and Associates

719 Scheurmann St. Tel: (517) 797-2425

Essexville, MI 48732 Date of Evaluation: 09/18/90

Tel: (517) 891-9868
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

90

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner EZY CHECK

Horner EZY-Chek II

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.79% and PFA = 4.21%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer. 

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 12,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 98 and 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no product dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 40 minutes (33 minutes monitor mode and 1 hour, 7 minutes

test mode).

At the conclusion of test mode, data are checked for the manufacturer's stop test 

criteria. If data do not meet the criteria, testing must continue.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate calculated from last 1 hour, 7 minutes of test period data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a resistance temperature detector (RTD).

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 

1 psi at bottom of tank during test. If this cannot be accomplished, then the tank 

cannot be tested using this system.

Calibration: Load cell must be calibrated before each use.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Horner EZY CHECK Evaluator: W. A. Kibbe and Associates

719 Scheurmann St. Tel: (517) 797-2425

Essexville, MI 48732 Date of Evaluation: 06/25/90

Tel: (800) 443-0711
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

91

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Horner Products, Inc.

SIR PRO 1 Version 1.0

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUALITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

System Features: Method of data analysis that system employs, and was used during evaluation 

process, is exclusive of any external control by vendor.

System consists of a fully automated software package with embedded 

algorithms for conducting leak detection testing. Consequently, third party 

evaluation procedure demonstrated that system can be used in-house with no 

requirement for direct vendor participation.

Evaluation Features: Evaluator tested this system for in-house use. Computer program disk along 

with instructional documentation was supplied by vendor to evaluator. 

Evaluator, without vendor involvement, analyzed required data and performed 

evaluation using program disk and accompanying documentation. Vendor was 

present as an observer during evaluation.

Comments: Not evaluated using data from manifolded tanks.

Of 120 data sets submitted for evaluation, 10 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 13,640 gallons.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph was used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Horner Products, Inc. Evaluator: Petro Works

104 Little Killarney Beach Tel: (913) 681-9379

Bay City, MI 48706 Date of Evaluation: 04/07/93

Tel: (800) 443-0711
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

92

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Horner Products, Inc.

SIR PRO 1 Version 2.0

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUALITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

System Features: Method of data analysis that system employs, and was used during evaluation 

process, is exclusive of any external control by vendor.

System consists of a fully automated software package with embedded 

algorithms for conducting leak detection testing. Consequently, third party 

evaluation procedure demonstrated that system can be used in-house with no 

requirement for direct vendor participation.

Evaluation Features: Evaluator tested this system for in-house use. Computer program disk along 

with instructional documentation was supplied by vendor to evaluator. 

Evaluator, without vendor involvement, analyzed required data and performed 

evaluation using program disk and accompanying documentation. Vendor was 

present as an observer during evaluation.

Comments: Not evaluated using data from manifold tank systems.

Of 120 data sets submitted for evaluation, 9 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 11,828 gallons.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph was used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Horner Products, Inc. Evaluator: Petro Works

104 Little Killarney Beach Tel: (913) 681-9379

Bay City, MI 48706 Date of Evaluation: 04/07/93

Tel: (800) 443-0711
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

93

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner Products, Inc.

SIR PRO 1 Version 3.0

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD > 99% and PFA < 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 33,000 gallons for single tanks.

Size limits using an acceptable protocol for manifold tank systems have not been 

determined.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: Not evaluated for manifold tank systems using an acceptable protocol.

73% of data sets were from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, 4 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 22,370 gallons.

Leak rates ranging from 0.05 to 0.216 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Horner Products, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

104 Little Killarney Beach Tel: (816) 443-2494

Bay City, MI 48706 Date of Evaluation: 04/07/93

Tel: (800) 443-0711
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

94

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Horner Products, Inc.

SIR PRO 1 Version 4.0

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 98% and PFA = 2%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 33,000 gallons for single tanks. Size limits using an acceptable 

protocol for manifold tank systems have not been determined.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: Not evaluated for manifold tank systems using an acceptable protocol.

73% of data sets were from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, 4 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 22,370 gallons.

Leak rates ranging from 0.05 to 0.216 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Horner Products, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

212 Morton St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

104 Little Killarney Beach Date of Evaluation: 07/18/95

Tel: (800) 443-0711
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

95

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

HT Technologies, Inc.

Vakumatik Models V 60, V 70 Ex

PRESSURE/VACUUM INTERSTITIAL MONITOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD =100% and PFA =0%.

Leak Threshold: System alarms when liquid enters interstitial space and vacuum decreases 

(pressure increases) above 34 millibars.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel. 

Other liquids may be tested, which are compatible with flexible liner, after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 20,000 gallons based on interstitial volume resulting when flexible 

liner is properly fitted and held in position against rigid tank wall.

No minimum product level during test.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 120 hours.

Comments: System tests the interstitial space between a properly fitted and installed flexible 

liner inside a rigid tank, or between the rigid walls of a double-walled tank.

Flexible liner is held in position by maintaining a vacuum on interstitial space.

Interstitial space is tested continuously.

System allows for permeation of vapor from stored substance into interstitial 

space.

Vapor discharged from vacuum pump must meet applicable air quality standards.

System detects breaches in either flexible internal liner or rigid tank walls.

Reasonable temperature variations will not cause an alarm or missed detection.

HT Technologies Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

4360 Brownsboro Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Louisville, KY 40207 Dates of Evaluation: 08/17/97, 01/28/98

Tel: (888) 287-9595
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

96

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Ibex Industries

Ibex Precision Test System

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA = 0.5%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 92 and 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 12 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 3 hours between "topping off" and testing.

There must be no product dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate calculated from data determined valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 6 temperature sensors.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide net pressure of 2-4 psi on 

bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Level sensors must be calibrated before each test. 

Temperature sensors must be calibrated semi-annually.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

Ibex Industries Evaluator: Applied Research Center

Moved and left no forwarding address Tel: (805) 664-2173

or phone number. Date of Evaluation: 01/18/91
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

97

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

TS-LLD Line Leak Detector

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that equals 

or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuels, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 163 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph and 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 3 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 50 minutes to 8 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 40 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, numerical “fail” code display and LED alarm light activation 

if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: For test using leak rate of 0.2 gph only:

After 28 days have elapsed since the last passing monthly line leak test, system shuts off 

the submersible pump. 

System display will flash number of days since the last passing test. 

Operator may reset button to enable dispensing for a 24 hour period.

This procedure may be used for a maximum of 4 days. 

After 32 days have elapsed since last monthly test, system will disable dispensing 

and automatically initiate a test, and system will not authorize dispensing until a 

test is passed or system is serviced.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Saco, ME 04072 Date of Evaluation: 07/06/95

Tel: (800) 872-3455
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

98

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

TS-LLD Line Leak Detector 

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that equals 

or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuels, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 49.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph and 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 3 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 2 hours, 21 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 50 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, numerical “fail” code display and LED alarm light activation 

if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: For test using leak rate of 0.2 gph only:

After 28 days have elapsed since the last passing monthly line leak test, system shuts off 

the submersible pump. 

System display will flash number of days since the last passing test. 

Operator may reset button to enable dispensing for a 24 hour period.

This procedure may be used for a maximum of 4 days. 

After 32 days have elapsed since last monthly test, system will disable dispensing 

and automatically initiate a test, and system will not authorize dispensing until a 

test is passed or system is serviced.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Saco, ME 04072 Date of Evaluation: 07/06/95

Tel: (800) 872-3455
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

99

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

TS 1000, 1001, 2001 

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with 

the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested.

Minimum product level required based on tank diameter is as follows:

48" dia./min. 12"; 64" dia./min. 14"; 72"dia./min. 15"; 96" dia./min. 17.5"; 126"dia./min. 21.5".

For other diameters, see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours 1 minute between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 5 hours 18 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time

Test Period: Length of the test is determined automatically based on quality of test data.

Average data collection time during evaluation was 5 hours 10 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Average data collection time during evaluation was 5 hours 44 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during the test.

Temperature: Probe contains 5 thermistors to monitor product temperature. At least one thermistor must be 

submerged in product during testing. 

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.208 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.011 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

TS1000 and 1001 can support up to 4 tanks. TS2001 can support up to 8 tanks.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Saco, ME 04072 Dates of Evaluation: 08/05/92, 09/05/97

Tel: (800) 872-3455
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

100

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

TS 1000, 1001, 2001

(Incon LL2 Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.7% and PFA = 4.3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested.

Minimum product level required based on tank diameter as follows: 

48" dia./min. 12"; 64" dia./min. 14"; 72"dia./min. 15"; 96" dia./min. 17.5";

126"dia./min. 21.5". For other diameters, see evaluation report. 

Waiting Time: Minimum of 4 hours 9 minute between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period The length of the test is determined automatically based on quality of test data.

Average data collection time during the evaluation was 6 hours, 51 minutes.

Test data is acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during the test.

Temperature: Probe contains 5 thermistors to monitor product temperature. At least one thermistor must 

be submerged in product during testing.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.208 inches.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.011 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: This equipment was not evaluated using manifolded tanks.

Tests only the portion of the tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, the leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected. EPA 

leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

TS1000 and 1001 can support up to 4 tanks. TS2001can support up to 8 tanks.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Saco, ME 04072 Date of Evaluation: 05/14/98

Tel: (800) 872-3455
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

101

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

TS 2000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.5%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.058 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.04 inches.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.011 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

TS 2000 can support up to 4 tanks.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Saco, ME 04072 Date of Evaluation: 05/10/91

Tel: (800) 872-3455
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

102

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

Tank Sentinel TS-1000EFI

TSP-DIS BriteSensor

and

Tank Sentinel TS-1000/TS-2000

TSP-EIS Standard Sensor, TSP-PS Liquid Contact Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: opto-electric

Test Results:

unleaded synthetic diesel heating

TSP-DIS BriteSensor gasoline gasoline fuel oil #2 water

Detection time (min:sec) 03:13 03:17 3:00 3:02 03:18

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 1.60 N/D* N/D N/D 1.92

Lower Detection Limit (cm) 1.60 1.60 1.50 1.50 1.62

TSP-EIS Standard Sensor

Detection time (min:sec) 03:01 03:17 3:00 3:02 03:07

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 1.50 N/D N/D N/D N/D

Lower Detection Limit (cm) 1.50 1.60 1.50 1.50 1.50

TSP-PS Liquid Contact Sensor

Detection time (min:sec) 01:14 01:13 01:10 01:16 01:25

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 1.37 N/D N/D N/D N/D

Lower Detection Limit (cm) 1.22 1.21 1.20 1.24 1.32

* See glossary.

Comments:

TSP-DIS BriteSensor was evaluated with Tank Sentinel TS-1000EFI.

TSP-EIS Standard Sensor and TSP-PS Liquid Contact Sensor were evaluated with Tank Sentinel

TS-1000/TS-2000.

Sensors are reusable.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Saco, ME 04072 Dates of Evaluation: 12/09/94, 01/30/96,

Tel: (800) 872-3455 07/02/93
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

103

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

Tank Sentinel TS-1000EFI

TSP-HIS BriteSensor

and

Tank Sentinel TS-1000/TS-2000

TSP-HLS Standard Sensor, TSP-ULS Standard Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: magnetic switch

Test Results:

TSP-HIS BriteSensor

50% by weight 

ethylene glycol in water

30% by weight

calcium chloride in water

high* low* high low

Response time (min:sec) 17:41 16:47 17:28 16:56

Recovery time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 19.56 2.53 19.40 2.50

TSP-HLS Stadard Sensor

unleaded

gasoline

synthetic

gasoline

diesel

fuel

heating

oil #2 water

Detection time (min:sec) 10:09 10:14 09:55 10:25 09:25

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 5.64 N/D** N/D N/D N/D

Lower detection limit (cm) 5.03 5.03 4.93 5.17 4.77

TSP-ULS Standard Sensor

Detection time (min:sec) 03:50 03:49 03:50 03:41 03:34

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 2.70 N/D N/D N/D N/D

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.93 1.97 1.93 1.80 1.80

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

** See glossary.

Comments:

TSP-HIS BriteSensor is intended to monitor level of either ethylene glycol or calcium chloride solutions 

in interstitial or annular space of a double-walled tank. Activates if any significant gain or loss of solution 

occurs.

Sensors are reusable.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Saco, ME 04072 Date of Evaluations: 03/20/95, 01/30/96

Tel: (800) 872-3455
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

104

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc.

Tank Sentinel TS-1000EFI

TSP-DDS BriteSensor, TSP-DTS BriteSensor, TSP-MWS BriteSensor Groundwater Probe

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: magnetic switch and float (TSP-DDS, -DTS BriteSensor), and hydrocarbon 

sensitive polymer (all)

Test Results:

TSP-DDS BriteSensor

unleaded

gasoline

synthetic

gasoline

diesel

fuel

heating

oil #2

water

low level

water 

high level

Detection time (min:sec) 05:35 06:00 38:43 38:16 06:02 06:09

Fall time (min:sec) 34:27 28:53 > 60:00 > 60:00 <01:00 <01:00

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Product activation height 0.50 N/D* 3.16 N/D N/D N/D

 Product thickness on water 0.04 N/D N/D N/D N/D N/D

TSP-DTS BriteSensor

Detection time (min:sec) 06:02 05:59 38:43 38:16 06:02 06:13

Fall time (min:sec) 22:28 28:53 <01:00 <01:00 > 60:00 > 60:00

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Product activation height 0.50 N/D 3.16 N/D N/D N/D

 Product thickness on water 0.04 N/D N/D N/D N/D N/D

TSP-MWS BriteSensor 

Groundwater Probe

Detection time (min:sec) 10:13 06:42

Fall time (min:sec) 26:52 14:43

Lower detection limit (cm)

 Product thickness on water 0.04 0.04

* See glossary.

Specificity Results (additional for TSP-MWS BriteSensor Groundwater Probe):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

INCON Intelligent Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

74 Industrial Park Rd. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Saco, ME 04072 Dates of Evaluations: 12/09/94, 02/19/96

Tel: (800) 872-3455
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

105

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Keekor Environmental Products

TankTite Leak Detection Kernel Version 1.0 with Keeprobe K7

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.4% and PFA = 4.6%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 90% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours, 6 minutes between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 15 minutes after a maximum dispensing rate of 50 gallons per minute.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated as the average of subsets of all data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.41 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.0013 inch.

Calibration: Execution of Probe Check diagnostic routine is recommended prior to leak detect 

tests to ensure sensor is fully operational and in calibration. 

Annual preventative maintenance should be performed per manufacturer’s 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Keekor Environmental Products Evaluator: Arizona State University

14806 N. 74th St. Tel: (602) 965-3185

Scottsdale, AZ 85267-4830 Date of Evaluation: 10/25/94

Tel: (602) 443-0001
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

106

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Leak Detection Systems, Inc.

Tank Auditor, Version RTD V.2.16

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.98% and PFA = 0.02%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold, except as noted below. 

If using two level testing, the level is changed by 3 feet between the two tests and a 

tank system should not be declared tight if the net change between the two tests is 

greater than 0.02 gph.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum is variable depending on site conditions, but not be less than 6 hours 

between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 1 hour between "topping off" and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a temperature averaging probe.

Groundwater: If depth to groundwater cannot be determined, two tests must be performed with a 

level change of at least 3 feet between tests. If depth to groundwater in backfill can 

be determined and it is above bottom of the tank, product level must be adjusted to 

provide height differential of 3 feet between product and groundwater in backfill 

during test. 

Calibration: Temperature averaging probe and level sensors must be calibrated before each test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluation of system did not include a field evaluationof groundwater compensation 

by two level testing.

Leak Detection Systems, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

106 Longwater Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Norwell, MA 02061 Date of Evaluation: 11/29/91

Tel: (617) 878-7766
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

107

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Mallory Controls

Pollulert Probes MD221G/T, MD221G/TRA, MD241R, MD241RRA, MD241G, MD241GRA

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivi ty

Test Results:

MD221G/T, MD221G/TRA* unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Detection time (sec) 4 7 2

Fall time (sec) 3 4 4

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.08-0.32 0.08-0.32 0.08-0.32

MD241R, MD241RRA, 

MD241G, MD241GRA**

Detection time (sec) 2 2 1

Fall time (sec) 1 2 2

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.16-0.32 0.16-0.32 0.16-0.32

*Evaluation was conducted using probe FD221G/TRA.

**Evaluation was conducted using probe FD241R.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Comments:

According to manufacturer, probes beginning with "MD" have identical performance as older probes 

beginning with "FD." 

Sensors are reusable.

Manufacturer no longer produces, services, or supports this equipment.

Mallory Controls Evaluator: Radian Corp.

2831 Waterfront Pkwy. E. Dr. Tel: (512) 454-4797

Indianapolis, IN 46214 Date of Evaluation: 07/08/91

Tel: (317) 328-4000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

108

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

Mallory Controls

Pollulert Probes MD221V, MD221VRA, MD210V, MD210VRA

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: adsistor

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Detection time (sec) 91 65 86

Fall time (min:sec) 5:39 4:23 9:38

Lower detection limit (ppm) 10 to 100 10 to 500 10 to 50

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: toluene, xylene(s).

Not Activated: n-hexane.

Comments:

Evaluation was conducted using probe FD221V. 

According to manufacturer, probes beginning with “MD” have identical performance as older probes 

beginning with “FD.” 

Manufacturer no longer produces, services, or supports this equipment.

Mallory Controls Evaluator: Radian Corp.

2831 Waterfront Pkwy. E. Dr. Tel: (512) 454-4797

Indianapolis, IN 46214 Date of Evaluation: 07/08/91

Tel: (317) 328-4000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

109

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA02630000501

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.079 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 158 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

Minimum between dispensing and testing depends on volume of product and 

temperature gradient which is determined by the system's computer.

Test Period: Response time is 14 seconds for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 6 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 14 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27420 Date of Evaluation: 09/20/91

Tel: (910) 547-5000 Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

Tel: (816) 443-2494

Date of Evaluation: 04/12/93
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

110

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA02630000501

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96% and PFA = 4%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph. 

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.079 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 49.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum between dispensing and testing depends on volume of product and 

temperature gradient which is determined by the system's computer.

Test Period: Response time is 1 minute for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 45 minutes to 8 hours, 51 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 1 hour, 12 minutes to 12 hours, 54 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 

gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 08/04/93

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

111

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA0263000060X

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA= 0%. 

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.88 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.17 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 98.4 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 16 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 45 minutes to 1 hour between dispensing and testing for leak rate of

0.2 gph.

Minimum of 2 hours, 30 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of

0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 28.8 seconds for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 32 to 48 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 18 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown (optional), message display and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 08/07/91, 12/18/96

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

112

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA0263000060X

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 1.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.17 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that equals 

or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 10 psi for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Tests are conducted at 30 psi for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure equivalent to 45 psi line for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 40.8 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 13 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 4 minutes to 1 hour, 9 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 

0.2 gph.

Minimum of 1 to 4 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 4 to 6 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 40 minutes to 1 hour for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 45 minutes to 1 hour, 15 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown (optional), message display and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 10/16/95, 01/13/97

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

113

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC, EMC-PC, EMC Enhanced, EMC-PC Enhanced, LMS)

with Line Leak Detector, Series PA0263000100X, PA0277000060X

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.17 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.09 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure, not to exceed 50 psi.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 100 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 45 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is less than 1 minute for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 30 to 45 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 32 to 48 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown (optional), message display and alarm activation if leak is 

declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 05/08/96

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

114

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

EMC Environmental Management Console

EMC Basic Monitoring System Tank Monitors 2, 3, 2.1, 3.1 PAO238000XXXX

(Capacitance Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours, 18 minutes between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 5 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system’s computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is obtained by a temperature averaging probe.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.40 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.040 inch.

Calibration: Temperature averaging probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in 

accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Capacitance probes do not work with oxygenated fuels.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 05/14/93

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

115

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

EMC Environmental Management Console

EMC Basic Monitoring System Tank Monitors 2.1, 3.1, PAO264XXX0000

(Capacitance Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 0.2%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA= 0.1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.126 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.071 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals 

or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation 

with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tank must be minimum 95% full for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours, 18 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours, 15 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

There must be no delivery during waiting time for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system’s computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.52 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using m anifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

Capacitance probes do not work with oxygenated fuels.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 05/14/93

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

116

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

EMC Environmental Management Console

EMC Basic Monitoring System Tank Monitors 2.1, 3.1, PAO265XXX0000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.093 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.071 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tank must be minimum 95% full for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours, 18 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours, 15 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 3 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system’s computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.544 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 05/14/93, 03/14/95

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

117

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

EMC/PC Series Monitoring Systems

PA0265 and PA0300

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA = 1.6%.

Leak Threshold: 0.126 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 20,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested. 

Minimum product level required is based on tank diameter as follows:

48" dia./min. 18"; 64" dia./min. 21"; 72" dia./min. 24"; 96" dia./min. 30";

126" dia./min. 39"; 132" dia./min. 39". For other diameters see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system's computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by probe which contains 5 thermistors.

At least two thermistors must be submerged in product during test.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.66 inch.

System is programmed to report water depth only when it exceeds 0.75 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.005 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Tests only portion of tank containing product. 

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank which routinely 

contains product.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 06/29/98

Tel: (366) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

118

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

EMC Series with CSLD, PAO265XXXX100, PA0300XXXX100

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

CONTINUOUS IN-TANK LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.16 gph for single tanks at 99% operating mode.

0.15 gph for manifold tank systems at 99% operating mode.

A tank system should not be declared tight, and a message is printed for the operator, if the test results 

indicate a loss or gain that exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with the 

manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 38,170 gallons for single tanks and for all tanks manifolded together.

Contact manufacturer for tank system applications if total tank capacity exceeds 30,000 gallons.

Throughput: Monthly maximum of 221,890 gallons.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 3 hours stabilization time is allowed between delivery and data collection.

Test Period: Data collection time ranges from 5 to 28 days.

Data sampling frequency is every 1 to 4 seconds.

System collects data at naturally occurring product levels without interfering with normal tank operation, 

and discards data from unstable periods when system performs test. 

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.54 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions. 

System set-up menu must be checked to verify that the 99% operating mode option has been selected.

Comments: During installation, the set-up menu provides a choice between a 99% or a 95% operating mode. 

This evaluation covers only the 99% operating mode. At this time, there is no evaluation covering the 

95% mode.

System reports a quantitative result of pass or fail.

Evaluated using both single and manifold tank systems.

Leak rates above 1 gph are either reported as “fail” or as “no idle.”

For valid monthly testing, a conclusive test report must be produced for each tank every month. 

Systems warns the operator if there are no “ passing” tests completed during the month. For very 

active tanks, a tank shut down may become necessary in order for the system to collect enough quiettime data for a test.

Constant and variable leaks were mathematically induced into tight tank test records which were 

collected by systems installed at various active tank sites.

The data base for evaluation of the system included sites with vapor recovery and blending dispensers. 

Tanks used in this evaluation contained gasoline and diesel.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 06/10/96

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

119

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

PA02590XXX000, PA02591144000, PA02592000000

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

PA02590XXX000 unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Response time (min) 3.66 3.45

Recovery time (min) <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 1.28 1.27

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.84 1.65

PA02591144000

Response time (min) 6.00 6.51

Recovery time (min) <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 3.67 3.62

Lower detection limit (cm) 4.05 4.17

PA02592000000

Response time (min) 8.19 8.49

Recovery time (min) <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 4.12 3.95

Lower detection limit (cm) 4.67 4.36

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: diesel fuel, heating oil #2, water.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 07/17/92, 04/22/98

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

120

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

Environmental Management Console (EMC)

Groundwater Sensor, series PA02700XX0001

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity

Test Results:

unleaded gasoline synthetic gasoline

Detection time (min:sec) 8:55 6:18

Fall time (min:sec) 54:50 26:02

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.02 0.02

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Calibration:

Sensor must be checked annually for operability or in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and 

calibrated/replaced if necessary.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 11/20/91

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

121

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Marconi Commerce Systems (formerly Gilbarco Environmental Products)

PA02660000000

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: adsistor

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Detection time (min:sec) 7:46 N/A* 17:01

Fall time (min:sec) 2:38 N/A 3:05

Lower detection limit (ppm) 500 >1000 500

*See glossary.

Specificity Results:

Not activated: n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s).

Marconi Commerce Systems Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

7300 W. Friendly Ave. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Greensboro, NC 27410 Date of Evaluation: 07/24/92

Tel: (336) 547-5000
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

122

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket PPM 4000, RLM 9000

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.047 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, methanol, ethanol, gasoline blends with methanol 

and ethanol.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 5-10 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 55.1 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 2 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 10 minutes to 3 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 2 hours, 30 minutes to 3 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Recording and display of day, date, and time of conclusive test.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: PPM 4000 is a stand alone automatic electronic line leak detector.

RLM 9000 is a combination of RLM 5000 automatic tank gauge and PPM 4000 

automatic electronic line leak detector.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Dates of Evaluation: 03/07/91, 0494

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

123

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket PPM 4000, RLM 9000, ST 1401L, ST 1801L

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA= 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA= 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph. 

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, methanol, ethanol, gasoline blends with methanol and 

ethanol.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 10 to 12 psi for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure equivalent to 45 psi for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 27.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 9 minutes to 2 hours, 30 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 26 minutes to 4 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Recording and display of day, date, and time of conclusive test.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: PPM 4000 is a stand alone automatic electronic line leak detector.

RLM 9000 is a combination of RLM 5000 automatic tank gauge and PPM 4000 

automatic electronic line leak detector.

ST 1401L is a combination of ST 1400 automatic tank gauge and ST 1401L automatic 

electronic line leak detector.

ST 1801L is a combination ST1800 automatic tank gauge and ST 1801L automatic 

electronic line leak detector.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Dates of Evaluation: 07/28/96, 01/31/97

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

124

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket ST 1401L, ST 1801L, CPT, ProLink

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.047 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that equals or 

exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, methanol, ethanol, gasoline blends with methanol and 

ethanol.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 10-25 psi for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure equivalent to 30 psi for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tests are conducted at 10-20 psi for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 172 gallons for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Maximum of 163 gallons for leak rates of 0.2 gph and 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 2 to 4 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 2 minutes to 4 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 4 minutes to 4 hours, 45 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor. 

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Recording and display of day, date, and time of conclusive test.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: ST 1401L is a combination of ST 1400 automatic tank gauge and the ST 1401L automatic 

electronic line leak detector.

ST 1801L is a combination of ST 1800 automatic tank gauge and ST 1801L automatic electronic 

line leak detector.

CPT is an electronic line leak detector component.

ProLink is either a stand alone electronic automatic line leak detector, or a combination of and 

automatic tank gauge and an automatic electronic line leak detector.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 12/16/96, 01/31/97

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

125

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket DLD, XLD

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 8-12 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 6 seconds.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 12/21/90

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

126

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket FX1, FX2, FX1V, FX2V

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines. 

Tests are conducted at 8-12 psi. 

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 316 gallons for FX1and FX1V.

Maximum of 362 gallons for FX2 and FX2V.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing. 

Stabilization time up to 45 minutes may be required after dispensing when 

temperature extremes are present.

Test Period: Response time is less than 5 minutes.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Dates of Evaluation: 03/14/94, 06/01/94

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

127

Revision Date: June 2, 1998

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket FX1, FX2, FX1V, FX2V Flexline 

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 49 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing. 

Test Period: Response time is less than 3 minutes. 

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Enviroflex pipeline with a bulk modulus* of 1,280 psi was used during this 

evaluation. 

To perform a valid test, time delays must be integrated into electronic dispensing 

equipment or retrofitted in junction box. Without this delay, there is no guarantee 

that a nozzle will be closed for sufficient time to allow leak detector to perform 

pipeline test and provide uninterrupted service.

*See glossary.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 03/22/94

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

128

Revision Date: June 2, 1998

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket FX1D, FX2D, FX2DV 

Installed in the Big-Flow

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 362 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing. 

Test Period: Response time is less than 3 minutes. 

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Dates of Evaluation: 03/15/94, 07/30/96

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

129

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket XLP

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA =0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 15-22 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 6 seconds.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 03/22/94

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

130

Revision Date: June 2, 1998

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket XLP 

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA =0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 48.9 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is less than 3 minutes.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 04/19/93

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

131

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marley Pump Co.

Prolink System

RJE Probes # RE-400-094 thru 112-5

(Magnetostrictive Probes)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.95% and PFA = 0.005%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.2% and PFA = 0.5%.

Leak Threshold: -0.116 gph to declare a leak for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.084 gph to declare a gain for leak rate of 0.2gph.

-0.065 gph to declare a leak for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

0.035 gph to declare a gain for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test indicates a loss or gain that equals or exceeds 

the threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel fuel. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with 

the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested. 

Minimum product level required is based on tank diameter as follows:

48" dia./ min. 16"; 64" dia./ min. 21"; 72" dia./ min. 24"; 126" dia./ min. 41".

For other diameters, see evaluation report. 

Waiting Time: Minimum of 13 hours 54 minutes between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 10 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours, 31 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 6 hours, 39 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system's computer.

Leak rate is calculated from all the data collected during entire test period.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during testing.

Temperature: Probe contains 5 or more resistance temperature detectors (RTD's) to monitor product temperature.

At least one RTD must be submerged in product during testing.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.106 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.058 inches.

Calibration: RTD's and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: System has a bias of -0.016 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

System has a bias of -0.015 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Not evaluated using manifolded tank systems.

Tests only the portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank which routinely contains 

product.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: ADA Technologies, Inc.

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (303) 792-5615

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 10/29/96

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

132

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket ATM System, 

Version RLM 5000, 5001, and 9000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from all data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 temperature sensors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.04 inches.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.011 inch.

Calibration: Temperature sensors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 04/02/91

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

133

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Marley Pump Co.

Sonic Technology (ST) 1400-1800 Series Tank Monitoring System

ATG Automatic Tank Gauging Monitor, LLM Series Liquid Level Monitor, FMS Fuel Management Monitor

(Ultrasonic Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.01%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals 

or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 10 hours between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 12 hours between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours, 21 minutes. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from all data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a variable number of temperature sensors

spaced at approximately 6-inch intervals.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.112 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.011 inch.

Calibration: Temperature sensors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

System was previously known as LT1 Automatic Product Level Monitor and was 

manufactured by Level Tech, Inc. (purchased by Marley 9/91).

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: ADA Technologies

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (303) 792-5615

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 09/25/92, 09/30/92

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

134

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket Electronics

RE400-179-5 to RE400-199-5 Combination High Level/Low Level Sensor,

RE400-042-5 Hydrostatic Sensor, Red Jacket PPM 4000 with Optical Liquid Discrimination Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch (RE400-179-5 to RE400-199-5 Combination High Level/Low level 

sensor, RE400-042-5 Hydrostatic Sensor),

optical sensor (PPM 4000 with Optical Liquid Discrimination Sensor)

Test Results:

RE400-179-5 to RE400-199-5 

Combination High Level/Low unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Level Sensor high low high low high low

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) N/D* 3.80 N/D 4.26 N/D 3.53

RE400-042-5 Hydrostatic 

Sensor 

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 30.42 4.93 30.22 4.61 29.93 4.19

PPM 4000 with Optical Liquid 

Discrimination Sensor

unleaded

gasoline

synthetic

fuel

diesel

fuel

heating

oil #2 water

Response time (min) 2.19 2.20 1.93 2.23 2.81

Recovery time (min) < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1 < 1

Product activation height (cm) 1.08 1.10 1.03 1.07 1.20

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.30 N/D N/D N/D N/D

 *See glossary.

Specificity:

Evaluator claims RE400-179-5 to RE400-199-5 Combination High Level/Low Level Sensor and RE400-

042-5 Hydrostatic Sensor will respond to any liquid once threshold has been exceeded.

Comments:

RE400-179-5 to RE400-199-5 Combination High Level/Low Level Sensor model numbers and high level 

detection limit vary with length of sensor.

PPM 4000 with Optical Liquid Discrimination Sensor evaluation lists all PPM, RLM, and ST models, 

including the Multiplexer Unit. However, evaluation procedures were performed using model PPM 

4000. 

Sensors are reusable.

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Dates of Evaluation: 06/01/95, 04/28/92

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

135

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Marley Pump Co.

Red Jacket Electronics

RE400-058-5, RE400-059-5, RE400-147-5, RE400-148-5 Overfill Sensor, RE400-111-5 Sump Sensor, 

RE400-203-5 Optical Liquid Discrimination Sensor, RE400-204-5 Dispenser Pan Monitor,

RE400-180-5 Liquid Refraction Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle float switch (RE400-058-5, RE400-059-5, RE400-147-5, RE400-148-5 Overfill Sensor, 

RE400-111-5 Sump Sensor),

electrical conductivity and optical (RE400-203-5 Optical Liquid Discrimination Sensor),

conductive polymer (RE400-204-5 Dispenser Pan Monitor),

optical (RE400-180-5 Liquid Refraction Sensor)

Test Results:

RE400-058-5, RE400-059-5, RE400-147-5, 

RE400-148-5 Overfill Sensor unleaded gasoline diesel fuel water

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 2.97 2.82 2.57

RE400-111-5 Sump Sensor

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 3.60 3.41 3.20

RE400-203-5

Optical Liquid Discrimination Sensor

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.17 1.12 1.10

RE400-204-5 Dispenser Pan Monitor

Detection time (hr:min:sec) <00:30:00 <02:00:00 <00:00:01

Fall time (hr:min:sec) <01:20:00 1-2 days <00:00:01

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.44 0.44 1.08

RE400-180-5 Liquid Refraction Sensor

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.17 1.12 1.10

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, n-hexane, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Comments:

Evaluator claims sensors will respond to any liquid once threshold has been exceeded.

After exposure to diesel, RE400-204-5 Dispenser Pan Monitor reading may not return to pre-contaminated level.

Sensors are reusable. 

Marley Pump Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

500 East 59th St., P.O. Box 3888 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Davenport, IA 52807 Date of Evaluation: 06/01/95

Tel: (888) 262-7539
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

136

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Mass Technology Corp.

Precision Mass Measurement System (24 hour test)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 1,257 ft2 or less, leak rate is 0.1 gph with PD = 97.9% and PFA = 

2.1%.

For tanks with larger PSA, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 1,257 ft2) x 0.1 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 2,000 ft2; leak rate = [(2,000 ft2 ÷ 1,257 ft2) x 0.1 gph] = 

0.16 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 0.078 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.1 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 1,257 ft2 or less, leak threshold is 0.05 gph.

For tanks with larger PSA, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 1,257 ft2) x 0.05 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 2,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(2,000 ft2 ÷ 1,257 ft2) x 0.05 

gph] = 0.08 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 3,143 ft2 (approximately 63 ft diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 1 hour, 6 minutes after delivery or dispensing. Valve leaks and pump drainback may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 62 minutes to 31 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 24 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 120,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface 

area (PSA) of 1,257 ft2.

Mass Technology Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

7 Cox Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Kilgore, TX 75662 Date of Evaluation: 03/25/98

Tel: (903) 986-3564
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

137

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Mass Technology Corp.

Precision Mass Measurement System (48 hour test)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak rate is 0.294 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%. 

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.294 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 4,000 ft2; leak rate = [(4,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.294 

gph] = 0.19 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak threshold is 0.147 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.147 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 4,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(4,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 

0.147 gph] = 0.1gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 6,082 ft2 (approximately 88 ft diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 1 hour, 6 minutes after delivery or dispensing. Valve leaks and pump 

drain-back may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 62 minutes to 31 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 48 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 600,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product 

surface area (PSA) of 6,082 ft2.

Mass Technology Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

7 Cox Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Kilgore, TX 75662 Date of Evaluation: 03/25/98

Tel: (903) 986-3564
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

138

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Mass Technology Corp.

Precision Mass Measurement System (72 hour test)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 14,200 ft2, leak rate is 0.638 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%. 

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 14,200 ft2) x 0.638 gph]. 

Example: For a tank with PSA = 20,000 ft2; leak rate = [(20,000 ft2 ÷ 14,200 ft2) x 

0.638 gph] = 0.898 gph.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 14,200 ft2, leak threshold is 0.319 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 14,200 ft2) x 0.319 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 20,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(20,000 ft2 ÷ 14,200 ft2) 

x 0.319 gph] = 0.449 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 35,500 ft2 (approximately 213 ft diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 1 hour, 6 minutes after delivery or dispensing. Valve leaks and pump 

drain-back may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 8 minutes to 42.5 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 72 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 2,000,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product 

surface area (PSA) of 14,200 ft2. 

Mass Technology Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

7 Cox Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Kilgore, TX 75662 Date of Evaluation: 03/25/98

Tel: (903) 986-3564
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

139

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Mine Safety Appliances

Tankgard 

P/N 481532

and

Tankgard VIII

P/N 488803

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: quantitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: metal oxide semiconductor

Test Results:

benzene 2-methylbutane

Detection time (sec) 5 16

Fall time (min:sec) 04:12 04:42

Lower detection limit (ppm) 12.5 12.5

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated (100%): n-butane, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, toluene, isobutane.

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Maximum Wire Distance: 500 ft using 18 AWG

Response Time: 30 seconds

Recovery Time: 1 minute maximum

Sensor Life: 2 year warranty

Mine Safety Appliances Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

P. O. Box 427 Tel: (412) 268-3495

Pittsburgh, PA 15230 Dates of Evaluation: 03/26/91, 03/28/91

Tel: (800) 672-4678
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

140

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

NESCO (formerly Arizona Instrument Corp.)

Encompass MTS IPAM #17-903

(Magnetostrictive Probe #17-9300)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97.80% and PFA = 2.2%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 3 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.29 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.0034 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Encompass software provides for remote access capabilities.

NESCO Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

4720 South Ash Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Tempe, AZ 85282 Date of Evaluation: 08/22/94

Tel: (800) 229-2930
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

141

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

NESCO (formerly Arizona Instrument Corp.)

Encompass USF IPAM #17-901

(Ultrasonic Probe #17-9100)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.94% and PFA = 2.06%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 3 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is obtained by a single temperature sensor that measures 

change in ultrasonic wave velocity.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.86 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.012 inch.

Calibration: Temperature sensor and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Encompass software provides for remote access capabilities.

NESCO Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

4720 South Ash Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Tempe, AZ 85282 Date of Evaluation: 08/22/94

Tel: (800) 229-2930
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

142

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

NESCO (formerly Arizona Instrument Corp.)

Soil Sentry Liquid 330(17-330-A/17-330-B), TLM-830, ENCOMPASS APAM

Probes 17-141A, 17-142A, 17-143A, 17-144A

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: refraction

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline diesel 

fuel

water

Detection time (sec) 3 3 N/D* N/D

Fall time manual reset manual reset N/D N/D

Lower detection limits (cm)

 17-141A 0.25 0.28 0.15 0.1

 17-142A 0.25 0.30 0.18 0.18

 17-143A 0.03 0.15 0.03 0.13

 17-144A 0.28 0.30 0.30 0.15

* See glossary.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, jet-A fuel, toluene (Only 17-143A was tested with toluene), xylene(s).

 

Comments:

Detectors are listed as interstitial due to intended use. 

Sensors are reusable. 

Although ENCOMPASS APAM (Accessory Probe Access Module) was not included in evaluations, 

according to manufacturer, probes perform in the same manner when connected to any one of these 3 

systems.

NESCO Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

4720 South Ash Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Tempe, AZ 85282 Dates of Evaluation: 12/29/92, 01/08/93

Tel: (800) 229-2930
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

143

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

NESCO (formerly Arizona Instrument Corp.)

Soil Sentry Twelve-X

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: quantitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: metal oxide semiconductor

Test Results:

unleaded synthetic diesel JP-4 JP-5 JP-8

gasoline gasoline fuel*** jet fuel jet fuel jet fuel ***

Accuracy* (%) 170 120 N/D 120 N/D** N/D

Bias

*

 (%) 60 8.0 -20 ppm @

50 ppm

1.8 N/D N/D

Precision* (%) 6.3 7.7 12 ppm 18 N/D N/D

Detection time (min:sec) 12:20 12:27 15:00 12:33 N/D 15:00

Fall time* (min:sec) 11:53 11:53 15:00 11:55 N/D 15:00

Lower detection limit (ppm) 150 140 10 60 92 <0.01 gal/hr

* For tests conducted with 1000 ppm of test gas.

** See glossary.

*** A limited number of tests were conducted to determine the response of the system to diesel fuel and 

 JP-8 jet fuel.

Specificity Results: 

percentages

unleaded gasoline 170

synthetic gasoline 110

n-hexane 110

JP-4 jet fuel 90

toluene 43

xylene( s) 22

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Calibration is recommended on an annual basis, or whenever the sensor or the main printed circuit 

board is replaced.

NESCO Evaluator: Radian Corp.

4720 South Ash Ave. Tel: (512) 454-4797

Tempe, AZ 85282 Dates of Evaluation: 12/28/90, 04/17/91

Tel: (800) 229-2930 Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

Tel: (816) 443-2494

Date of Evaluation: 02/16/92
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

144

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc.

OEL 8000

 (MTG - XX Magnetostrictive Probe - Stick Version with 4" Probe and Original Version)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97.8% and PFA = 2.2%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph 

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with 

the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested.

For leak rate of 0.2 gph, minimum product level required is based on tank diameter as follows:

48" dia./ min. 18"; 64" dia./ min. 21"; 72" dia./ min. 24"; 96" dia./ min. 30"; 126" dia./ min. 39";

132" dia./ min. 39". 

For leak rate of 0.1 gph, minimum product level required is based on tank diameter as follows:

48" dia./ min. 12"; 64" dia./ min. 15"; 72" dia./ min. 16"; 96" dia./ min. 20"; 120" dia./ min. 24";

126" dia./ min. 25"; 132" dia./ min. 26".

For other diameters, see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours, 30 minutes between delivery and testing. 

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a probe containing a minimum of 5 thermistors.

At least one thermistor must be submerged in product during test.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.055 inch. 

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.011 inch.

Calibration: Probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: Stick version evaluated using "Test Procedures for Comparison of Different ATGS Probes", KWA Inc., 

08/03/99.

Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely contains 

product.

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

1993 Pond Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Ronkonkoma, NY 11779 Dates of Evaluation: 01/17/96, 08/31/99

Tel: (516) 981-2001 11/16/99
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

145

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc.

L-LL-R-1, LS-ASC, PDS-ASC, PDWS-1, PDWF-1

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: refractive index of liquids (all), electrical conductivity (PDS-ASC, PDWS-1, and 

PDWF-1)

Test Results:

L-LL-R-1 (low level) unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Detection time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Fall time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

6.63 6.53 6.45

L-LL-R-1 (high level)

Detection time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Fall time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

21.7 21.8 21.7

LS-ASC , PDS-ASC

Detection time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Fall time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

2.24 2.11 1.42

PDWS-1

Detection time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Fall time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

1.93 1.85 1.63

PDWF-1

Detection time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Fall time (sec) < 1 < 1 < 1

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

1.60 1.67 1.02

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, n-hexane, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

LS and PD series responds to any liquid with an index of refraction different than air.

PD series responds to any conducting liquid.

Comments:

Detectors are listed as interstitial due to intended use. 

Sensors are reusable. 

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

146

1993 Pond Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Ronkonkoma, NY 11779 Date of Evaluation: 06/12/93

Tel: (516) 981-2001
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

147

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

One Plus Corp.

Leak Edge

Models 100-3001, 100-4001

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product permeable

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (min:sec) 5:41 5:14

Fall time (min:sec) 30:39 18:36

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

0.02 0.02

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Operating temperatures: Sensor is -40 degrees C to 74 degrees C; Monitor Module is -20 degrees C to 

49 degrees C.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

One Plus Corp. Evaluator: Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

3182 McArthur Blvd. Tel: (847) 272-8800

Northbrook, IL 60062 Date of Evaluation: 12/17/91

Tel: (847) 498-0955
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

148

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Patriot Sensors and Controls Corp. (formerly MagneTek)

7021 Digital Tank Gauge

(7030 Series Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.96% and PFA = 0.044%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.34% and PFA = 4.66%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density and where specific gravity is 

> 0.6 and viscosity is < 1500 cp may be tested after consultation with manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tank must have minimum product height of 18 inches, or be 14% full, whichever is 

higher, for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a 7021 controller (computer).

Leak rate calculated from data determined to be statistically valid.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 1 resistance temperature detector 

(RTD).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.947 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.0254 inch.

Calibration: RTD and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Patriot Sensors and Controls Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

1080 N. Crooks Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Clawson, MI 48017-1097 Date of Evaluation: 02/07/91

Tel: (810) 435-0700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

149

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Patriot Sensors and Controls Corp. (formerly MagneTek)

7021 Digital Tank Gauge

(7100 Series Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.6% and PFA = 0.4%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density and where specific 

gravity is > 0.6 and viscosity is < 1500 cp may be tested after consultation with 

manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 6 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.186 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.0048 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Patriot Sensors and Controls Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

1080 N. Crooks Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Clawson, MI 48017-1097 Date of Evaluation: 03/14/95

Tel: (810) 435-0700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

150

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

PermAlert

PAL-AT Models AT20C, AT50C, AT40K

PHL Hydrocarbon Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity

Test Results:

unleaded gasoline

Response time (min) 1.13

Recovery time (min) 8.83

Product activation height (cm) 0.53

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.38

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil #2.

Not activated: water.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

PermAlert Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

7720 N. Lehigh Ave. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Niles, IL 60714-3491 Date of Evaluation: 02/05/92

Tel: (847) 966-2190
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

151

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

PermAlert

TankWatch Models PHM10, PHMS

Combination Hydrocarbon/Water Probe, Hydrocarbon Probe

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity

Test Results:

Combination 

Hydrocarbon/Water Probe unleaded 

gasoline

water

Response time (min) 0.30 <1

Recovery time (min) 1.97 1.68

Product activation height (cm) 0.18 0.80

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.56 1.93

Hydrocarbon Probe

Response time (min) 0.25

Recovery time (min) 2.33

Product activation height (cm) 0.17

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.38

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil #2.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Hydrocarbon probe is not activated by water.

Hydrocarbon/water probe does not discriminate between gasoline and water.

PermAlert Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

7720 N. Lehigh Ave. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Niles, IL 60714-3491 Date of Evaluation: 06/16/92

Tel: (847) 966-2190
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

152

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

PermAlert

PAL-AT Models AT20C, AT50C, AT40K

AGW Sensor Cable, TFH Hydrocarbon Sensor Cable

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: impedance change

Test Results: 

unleaded gasoline

AGW Sensor Cable

1/3 MER*

1348 ft.

2/3 MER

2644 ft.

MER

3982 ft.

Response time (min) 9.92 6.25 21.28

Recovery time (min) 1.0 1.0 1.0

Product activation height (cm) 2.03 1.13 5.00

Detection length (cm) 116.3 64.8 286.1

Lower detection limits (cm) 

 Product activation height N/D* N/D 5.1

 Detection length N/D N/D 295.6

TFH Hydrocarbon Sensor Cable

1/3 MER

1368 ft.

2/3 MER

2685 ft.

MER

4046 ft.

Response time (min) 3.40 7.48 16.21

Product activation height (cm) 0.65 1.33 3.53

Detection length (cm) 27.7 56.8 150.4

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Product activation height N/D N/D 3.6

 Detection length N/D N/D 152.9

* See glossary.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil #2, water (AGW Sensor Cable only).

Comments:

System can monitor interstitial spaces. 

Evaluations also covered quantitative leak location.

AGW Sensor Cable is reusable.

TFH Hydrocarbon Sensor Cable is not reusable.

Lower detection limit is calculated at MER only. Cable is assumed to be equally or more sensitive at 

shorter lengths.

PermAlert Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

7720 N. Lehigh Ave. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Niles, IL 60714-3491 Dates of Evaluation: 01/17/92, 02/11/92

Tel: (847) 966-2190
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

153

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

PermAlert

PAL-AT Models AT20C, AT50C, AT40K

with PHFW Hydrocarbon Probe and Type 1 or Type 2 Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product soluble

Test Results:

Type 1 Sensor unleaded gasoline synthetic gasoline

Detection time (sec) 24 9

Fall time N/A* N/A

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.01 0.01

Type 2 Sensor

Detection time (min:sec) 14:39 08:45

Fall time N/A N/A

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.01 0.01

* See glossary.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Operating temperature range is 0 degrees F to 90 degrees F.

Comments:

Sensors are not reusable; sensor filament must be replaced after contact with hydrocarbons.

PermAlert Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

7720 N. Lehigh Ave. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Niles, IL 60714-3491 Date of Evaluation: 09/15/92

Tel: (847) 966-2190
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

154

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Petro Vend, Inc.

LineTite Pipeline Leak Monitor 

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.062 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed on the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 341 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 1 to 26 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 1 hour, 30 minutes to 12 hours, 30 minutes for leak rate of

1.0 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a permanently installed microprocessor. 

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Formerly manufactured by Hasstech

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Dates of Evaluation: 10/15/91, 04/10/94

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

155

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Petro Vend, Inc.

LineTite Pipeline Leak Monitor 

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.062 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Specification: System tests flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed on the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 49.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 1 to 6 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 2 hours, 18 minutes to 5 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a permanently installed microprocessor. 

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Formerly manufactured by Hasstech

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Dates of Evaluation: 10/15/91, 04/10/94

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

156

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Petro Vend, Inc.

LineTight Pipeline Leak Monitor Model 2001J

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure, not to exceed 50 psi.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 172 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 1 to 5 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 2 hours, 10 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Formerly manufactured by Hasstech

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Date of Evaluation: 04/15/97, 05/28/98

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

157

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Petro Vend, Inc.

LineTight Pipeline Leak Monitor Model 2001J

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure, not to exceed 50 psi.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 39.5 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 1 minute for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 6 hours, 37 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Formerly manufactured by Hasstech

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Date of Evaluation: 04/15/97, 05/28/98

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

158

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Petro Vend, Inc.

Petrosonic III

(Version 4.05 Model 613, 4 inch, Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.07% and PFA = 0.93%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 12 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated as the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.92 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.02 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Petrosonic III version 4.04 is an older model automatic tank gauging system, 

which is no longer being manufactured.

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (847) 272-8800

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Date of Evaluation: 11/04/94

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

159

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Petro Vend, Inc.

Site Sentinel Model II and III,

 (Model 613, 2 inch, Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96.55% and PFA = 3.45%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 12 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated as the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 2.47 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.037 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. 

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (847) 272-8800

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Date of Evaluation: 11/04/94

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

160

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Petro Vend, Inc.

Site Sentinel Model II and III,

(Model 613, 4 inch, Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.82% and PFA = 0.18%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.95% and PFA = 0.35%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.06 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tank must be minimum 90% full for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 12 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 4 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated as the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.92 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.02 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. 

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (847) 272-8800

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Date of Evaluation: 11/04/94

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

161

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Petro Vend, Inc.

Petrosentry IV, Petrosentry VIII, SiteSentinel 

Liquid Sensor, Universal Sump Sensor, Universal Reservoir Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: thermal conductivity (Liquid Sensor),

float switch (Universal Sump Sensor, Universal Reservoir Sensor)

Test Results:

Liquid Sensor unleaded gasoline

Response time (min) 0.51

Recovery time (min) <1

Product activation height (cm) 0.35

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.76

Universal Sump Sensor

Response time (min) 8.32

Recovery time (min) <1

Product activation height (cm) 3.37

Lower detection limit (cm) 3.97

Universal Reservoir Sensor

50% by weight

ethylene glycol in water

30% by weight

calcium chloride in water

high* low* high low

Response time (min) 19.62 16.86 17.77 15.91

Recovery time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 20.9 5.90 20.5 5.95

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

Specificity Results (in addition to above for Liquid Sensor and Universal Sump Sensor):

Activated: diesel fuel, synthetic gasoline, heating oil #2, water.

Comments:

Universal Reservoir Sensor is intended to monitor level of either ethylene glycol or calcium chloride 

solutions in the interstitial or annular space of a double-walled tank. 

Universal Reservoir Sensor activates an alarm if any significant gain or loss of solution occurs. 

Sensors are reusable.

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Date of Evaluation: 10/15/92

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

162

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

Petro Vend, Inc.

SiteSentinel 

30-3206, 30-3207, 30-3210 Sensors

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product permeable

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (min:sec) 01:41 05:14

Fall time (hr:min:sec) 07:28:44 00:18:36

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.02 0.02

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Conductive polymer.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable. 

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (847) 272-8800

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Date of Evaluation: 12/10/92

Tel: (708) 485-4200
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

163

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Petro Vend, Inc.

Petrosentry TLD III, SiteSentinel Smart Module and Vapor Sensor

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: metal oxide semiconductor

Test Results:

Petrosentry TLD III benzene 2-methylbutane

Detection time (sec) 5 16

Fall time (min:sec) 4:12 0:42

Lower detection limit (ppm) 12.5 12.5

SiteSentinel Smart Module 

and Vapor Sensor unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Detection time (sec) 5 7 10

Fall time (min:sec) 6:30 3:35 4:26

Lower detection limit (ppm) 10 10 10

Specificity Results (in addition to above for Petrosentry TLD III):

Activated: n-hexane, toluene, n-butane, isobutane, 2-methylpentane.

Specificity Results (in addition to above for SiteSentinal Smart Module and Vapor Sensor):

Activated: n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Petrosentry TLD III maximum wire distance: 500 ft using 18 AWG

Petro Vend, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

6900 Santa Fe Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Hodgkins, IL 60525-9909 Dates of Evaluation: 03/26/91, 04/16/92

Tel: (708) 485-4200 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

164

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Pneumercator Company, Inc.

TMS 2000, TMS 3000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.0% and PFA = 5% for 2 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.8% and PFA = 0.2% for 4 hour test

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1% for 8 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.3% and PFA = 4.7% for 7 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.8% and PFA = 4.2% for 8 hour test.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that equals or 

exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation 

with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 20,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 20 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 20 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 7 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by probe which contains 5 thermistors.

At least one thermistor must be submerged in product during test.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.488 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.124 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

Pneumercator Company, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

120 Finn Court Tel: (816) 443-2494

Farmingdale, NY 11735 Date of Evaluation: 07/15/97

Tel: (516) 293-8450 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

165

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

Pneumercator Company, Inc.

LC1000, E-14-29, E-700-1, LDE-700, LDE-740, TMS 3000

LS600AB, LS600LDBN, LS610, RSU800 

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

LS600AB unleaded 

gasoline

diesel water

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (in) 3.32 3.28 3.18

LS600LDBN

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (in) 0.99 0.97 0.87

LS610

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (in) 0.44 0.43 0.42

RSU800 (low level)

Detection time (min) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (ppm) 2.57 2.53 2.31

RSU800 (high level)

Detection time (min) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (min) <1 <1 <1

Lower detection limit (ppm) 13.31 13.24 13.01

Specificity Results:

Manufacturer and evaluator claim sensor will respond to any liquid.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Pneumercator Company, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

120 Finn Court Tel: (816) 443-2494

Farmingdale, NY 11735 Date of Evaluation: 01/22/96

Tel: (516) 293-8450
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

166

Revision Date: April 18, 1997

Pneumercator Company, Inc.

LDE 700, LDE 740, LDE 9000

Sensor Probe Models 9-901, 9-902, 9-903

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: capacitance

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time manual reset manual reset

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

 9-901 0.32 0.36

 9-902 0.36 0.34

 9-903 0.76 0.74

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s), water.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Pneumercator Company, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

120 Finn Court Tel: (816) 443-2494

Farmingdale, NY 11735 Date of Evaluation: 12/14/93

Tel: (516) 293-8450
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

167

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

LTH-5000 Line Tester

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.8% and PFA = 1.3%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 40 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 1 hour between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 10 minutes. Repeat 10 minute cycles are necessary if data does not 

meet the manufacturer’s criteria.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Manual calculations are performed by operator on site.

Calibration: Sensors must be calibrated before each test.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (816) 753-7600

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 02/14/91

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

168

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

LTP-5000 Line Tester

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.0% and PFA = 0.1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 41 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 1 hour between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour.

Pipe deflection, vapor pockets, and large temperature differences may produce 

inconsistent readings.

Testing to continue until stable conditions are present.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Manual calculations are performed by operator on site.

Calibration: Sensors must be calibrated before each test.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (816) 753-7600

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 08/30/91

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

169

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

UTA-5000 Ullage Tester 

(Vacuum or Pressure Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different from the baseline.

Baseline is the acoustic signal before tank is pressurized or evacuated.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 16,500 gallons. 

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing

Test Period: A few minutes to determine background noise and a leak.

Depends on background noise at the site and on the size of the leak. 

After the desired pressure has been reached, the tank should be allowed to settle 

for 10 minutes.

Test Pressure: Vacuum of 1 psi must be maintained in ullage by a vacuum blower, or total pressure 

at bottom of tank of 4 psi must be maintained using nitrogen.

Temperature: Acoustic signal is independent of product temperature.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

product level, vacuum test should not be used. 

Pressure test may only be used if net pressure can be maintained at a minimum

1 psi throughout ullage during test. If this requires more than 5 psi total pressure at 

tank bottom, the ullage test must not be used.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only ullage portion of the tank. 

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested with an underfill test method.

Microphone was 25 feet away from the leak source during evaluation.

If background noise is too high, test is inconclusive. 

Noise signals are tape recorded (not digitally recorded).

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it 

may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be declared by vacuum 

test. A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (816) 443-2494

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 01/15/93

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

170

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

UTF-5000 Ullage Tester

(Pressure Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.24% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the make-up gas flow rate into 

ullage equals or exceeds 0.275 cubic feet/hour.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 7,500 gallons.

Waiting time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 20 minutes, consisting of 2 consecutive 10-minute test periods.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Test Pressure: Pressure must be increased in ullage such that total pressure at bottom of tank does 

not exceed 5.0 psi.

Pressure must be maintained for a minimum of 5 minutes per 1,000 gallons of 

ullage.

At conclusion of this stabilization period, ullage pressure must be reduced by 

0.5 psi for remainder of test.

Temperature: Ullage must be monitored for rate of temperature change, which must not exceed 

manufacturer’s tabulated values.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

product level, net pressure must exceed 1 psi in the ullage during test.

If this requires more than 5 psi total pressure at tank bottom, the ullage test must not 

be used.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only ullage portion of tank. 

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested using a volumetric underfill test method.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (816) 753-7600

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 12/04/92

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

171

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

UTFP-5000 Ullage Tester 

(Pressure Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.24% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the pressure decay trend equals or 

exceeds ± 0.016 psi/hr.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4,.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 10,260 gallons.

Waiting time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing. 

Test Period: Minimum of 30 minutes (after data trend has been established).

Test Pressure: Total pressure of 4.0 psi must be applied at bottom of tank.

Temperature: Ullage must be monitored during test, and a correction factor is applied to account

for temperature changes. If ullage temperature changes exceed 5 degrees F, test 

must not be conducted.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

product level, net pressure must be maintained at a minimum of 1 psi in the ullage 

during test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only ullage portion of tank.

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested using a volumetric underfill test method.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: ADA Technologies, Inc.

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (303) 792-5615

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 04/10/92

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

172

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

Fast Test 

(Underfill Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (VACUUM)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different from the baseline.

Baseline is the acoustic signal before tank is evacuated.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum product volume of 30,000 gallons. Tank product level must be between 7 

and 86 inches.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing

Test Period: A few minutes to determine background noise and a leak.

Depends on background noise at the site and on size of leak. 

Test Pressure: Vacuum of 0.5 psi beyond the vacuum required to overcome the tank bottom 

pressure must be maintained in ullage by a vacuum blower.

Net vacuum applied = 0.5 psi + [inches of product level x the specific gravity of 

product x 0.036].

Temperature: Acoustic signal is independent of product temperature.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above the 

tank bottom, this test system may not be used. 

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only portion of tank containing product. 

Ullage portion of tank must be tested with an ullage test method.

Microphone was 25 feet away from the leak source during evaluation.

If background noise is too high, test is inconclusive. 

Noise signals are tape recorded (not digitally recorded).

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it 

may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be declared by vacuum 

test. A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (816) 443-2494

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 06/25/96

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

173

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

VU-5000 Underfill Tester

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Tank must contain minimum 24 inches of product.

Waiting Time: Must be long enough between delivery and testing to ensure a temperature 

change of less than 0.09 degrees F per hour, typically a minimum of 2 hours.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from average over data window.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is typically determined by 5 thermistors. 

A minimum of 1 thermistor is required.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 

1 psi at bottom of tank during test. (There must be a difference of at least 37 inches 

between groundwater level and product level to provide a net pressure of 1 psi at 

bottom of tank during test.)

Calibration: Thermistors must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (816) 443-2494

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 02/15/93

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

174

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

ProTank, Inc.

VUP-5000 Underfill Tester

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.99% and PFA = 0.005%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 11 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from average of subsets of all collected data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by temperature sensor probes.

A minimum 12 inches of product must be present for the temperature probes to 

operate properly.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom 

of tank, product level must be adjusted during test to provide a minimum net pressure 

of 1 psi at bottom of tank during test. (There must be a difference of at least 37 

inches between groundwater level and product level to provide a net pressure of 1 

psi at bottom of tank during test.)

Calibration: Temperature probes and floats must be checked for proper operation prior to each 

test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

ProTank, Inc. Evaluator: ADA Technologies

3545 Lomita Blvd., Suite G Tel: (303) 792-5615

Torrance, CA 90505 Date of Evaluation: 09/09/92

Tel: (800) 438-1111
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

175

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Raychem Corp.

TraceTek Alarm and Locator Modules 

TT502, TT5000, TT3000 Fuel Sensing Cable

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative 

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity

Test Results:

unleaded gasoline

TT502

1/3 MER*

334 m

2/3 MER

665 m

MER

995 m

Response time (min) 22.11 17.13 19.42

Product activation height (cm) 1.53 1.53 1.53

Detection length (cm) 61 61 61

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Product activation height N/D* N/D 0.77

 Detection length N/D N/D 10

TT5000 1/3 MER

508 m

2/3 MER

1016 m

MER

1524 m

Response time (min) 12.02 9.18 7.51

Product activation height (cm) 0.74 0.74 0.74

Detection length (cm) 30.5 30.5 30.5

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Product activation height N/D N/D 0.74

 Detection length N/D N/D 10

3% by weight salt in water other solutions**

TT3000

1/3 MER

508 m

2/3 MER

1016 m

MER

1524 m

MER

1524 m

Response time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1

Recovery time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) <0.3 <0.3 <0.3 <0.3

Detection length (cm) <15.2 <15.2 <15.2 <15.2

Lower detection limits (cm)

 Product activation height N/D N/D <0.3 N/D

 Detection length N/D N/D <5.08 N/D

* See glossary.

** 5% by volume oil in 3% by weight salt water, 10% by volume oil in 3% by weight salt water, 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl),

0.1M sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Specificity Results (in addition to above for TT502 and TT5000):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil #2, jet A fuel (TT5000 only).

Not Activated: water.

Specificity Results (in addition to above for TT3000):

Activated: water

Not Activated: unleaded gasoline, synthetic gasoline, diesel fuel, JP-8 fuel.

Comments:

Evaluation also covered quantitative leak location.

TT502, TT5000 Fuel Sensing cable is not reusable.

Lower detection limit is calculated at MER only, and cable is assumed to be equally or more sensitive at shorter lengths.

Raychem Corp. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

300 Constitution Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Menlo Park, CA 94025-1164 Dates of Evaluation: 05/15/92, 12/20/95,

Tel: (650) 361-3333 02/20/98
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

176

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Ronan Engineering Co.

Ronan X-76 Automatic Line Leak Detector 

Version X-76 DM-4 Microprocessor and JT-H2 Line Pressure Sensor

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.831 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.066 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines. 

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 45 gallons. 

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 20 seconds for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 20 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a permanently installed microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Ronan Engineering Co. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

21200 Oxnard St. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Woodland Hills, CA 91365 Date of Evaluation: 10/04/91

Tel: (800) 327-6626
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

177

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Ronan Engineering Co.

X-76 ETM, X-76 ETM -4X

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.96% and PFA = 0.044%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.34% and PFA = 4.66%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that equals or 

exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation 

with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rates of 0.2 and 0.1 gph.

Tank must have minimum product height of 12 inches or be 14% full, whichever is higher, 

when leak threshold is set at 0.049 gph (PD = 95% and PFA = 5%).

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate calculated from data determ ined to be statistically valid.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test. 

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 1 resistance temperature

detector (RTD).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.947 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.0254 inch.

Calibration: RTD and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

X76ETM-4X console has different housing which allows it to be mounted outside.

Ronan Engineering Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

21200 Oxnard St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Woodland Hills, CA 91365 Date of Evaluation: 02/07/91, 11/21/91

Tel: (800) 327-6626
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

178

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Ronan Engineering Co.

 Ronan Controller Models X76S; X76VS; X76LVC; TRS76; X76ETM, LVCS; X76CTM -N4; X76ETM-4X;

X76-4X, -3, -6, -9, -12; X76AST-4X

Ronan Sensor Models LS-3 N.C.; LS-3 N.O.; LS-30; LS-7; HVA; LS-3SS; LS-1

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

LS-3 N.C. (normally closed) unleaded 

gasoline

water

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 2.77 2.31

LS-3 N.O. (normally open)

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 2.31 1.70

LS-30 (high level)

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) N/D* 15.24

LS-30 (low level)

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) N/D 4.72

LS-7

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.09 0.81

HVA

Detection time (sec) <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.84 0.71

*See Glossary

Comments:

Sensors are reusable. 

LS-3SS is identical to LS-3 N.C. and LS-3 N.O. except that LS-3SS also tests for methanol and has a 

stainless steel float.

The only difference between LS-1 and LS-3 is that LS-1 is smaller in diameter.

Ronan Engineering Co. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

21200 Oxnard St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Woodland Hills, CA 91365 Date of Evaluation: 02/06/92

Tel: (800) 327-6626
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

179

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Schuster Instruments

Tel-A-Leak 1 

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.86% and PFA = 0.14%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 1 hour between "topping off" and testing. 

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually and by a computer.

Leak rate calculated from average of the last 10 consecutive 6 minute readings.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 10 temperature sensors.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide net pressure of 2-4 psi at 

bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Temperature sensors must be checked annually and calibrated annually.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Schuster Instruments Evaluator: W. A. Kibbe and Associates

211 E. Grove St. Tel: (517) 797-2425

Kawkawlin, MI 48631 Date of Evaluation: 11/26/90

Tel: (517) 684-6638
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

180

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Simmons Corp.

SIR 5.7

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.0% and PFA = 1.0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons. 

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data. 

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive results.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 7,000 gallons.

Leak rates ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Simmons Corp. Evaluator: S.S.G. Associates

106 E. Main Street Tel: (601) 234-1179

Richardson, TX 75081-3327 Date of Evaluation: 12/15/92

Tel: (800) 848-8378
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

181

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Simmons Corp.

SIR 5.7 LM

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.0% and PFA = 1.0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 45,000 gallons for single tank.

Maximum of 45,000 gallons cumulative volume for manifold tank systems with no 

more than 4 tanks in system. 

Data Requirement: Minimum of 29 days of product level and flow through data. 

Comments: 59% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems.

7% of data sets evaluated used data collected by ATGs.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive results.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 40,165 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.01 and 0.2 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Simmons Corp. Evaluator: S.S.G. Associates

106 E. Main Street Tel: (601) 234-1179

Richardson, TX 75081-3327 Date of Evaluation: 10/28/95

Tel: (800) 848-8378
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

182

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

SIR International, Inc.

Mitchell's SIR Program Version 2.6

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 45,000 gallons for single tanks.

Maximum of 45.000 gallons cumulative capacity for manifold tank systems with no 

more than 4 tanks in system.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 23 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: 68% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive results.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 22,370 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets used in this evaluation were supplied by evaluator.

100% of inventory data used in this evaluation were gauge stick readings.

SIR International, Inc. Evaluator: Wilcox Associates

P.O. Box 700 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Locust Grove, OK 74352 Dates of Evaluation: 01/27/92, 06/8/95

Tel: (918) 479-5800 07/27/97
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

183

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

SIR Monitor (formerly Environmental Management Technologies)

SIR Monitor

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 90 days of product level and flow through data are required before 

making the first evaluation. Following the first evaluation, subsequent evaluations 

are made based on minimum of 30 days of data.

Comments: Not evaluated using data from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, 5 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 14,600 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by vendor.

SIR Monitor Evaluator: Nathan Adams,

P.O. Box 2791 Middle Tennessee State University

Murfreesboro, TN 37133 Tel: (615) 898-2644

Tel: (615) 895-2872 Date of Evaluation: 11/05/92
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

184

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Sir Phoenix, Inc.

SIR PHOENIX

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METH OD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.0% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons. 

Data Requirement: Minimum of 90 days of product level and flow through data are required before 

making the first evaluation. Following the first evaluation, subsequent evaluations 

are made based on minimum of 30 days of data.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, 5 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 14,600 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 gph were evaluated.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by vendor.

Sir Phoenix, Inc. Evaluator: Nathan Adams,

9 Ford Rd., P.O. Box 229 Middle Tennessee State University

Leoma, TN 38468 Tel: (615) 898-2644

Tel: (931) 852-4121 Date of Evaluation: 11/05/92
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

185

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Soiltest, Inc.

Soiltest Ainlay Tank 'Tegrity' Tester, S-3 

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 10 hours between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 2 hours between "topping off" and testing. 

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour, 30 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually and by a strip chart recorder.

Leak rate is calculated from last 1 hour, 30 minutes of test period data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 3 thermistors.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide net pressure of 2-4 psi at 

the bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Level sensors must be calibrated before each test. 

Thermistors must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary. 

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Soiltest, Inc. Evaluator: Law Engineering Industrial Services

86 Albrecht Dr., P. O. Box 8004 Tel: (800) 672-6601

Lake Bluff, IL 60044-8004 Date of Evaluation: 11/28/90

Tel: (800) 323-1242
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

186

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Steel Tank Institute

Permatank Precision Interstitial Vacuum Monitor

DOUBLE WALLED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA =0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.01 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 50,000 gallons.

Waiting Time: None.

Test Period: 12 hours for tanks less than 10,000 gallons.

24 hours for tanks 10,000 gallons to 50,000 gallons.

Comments: System performs post installation tank tightness test of Steel Tank Institute's 

double wall Permatank prior to adding product to tank.

System conducts vacuum test on interstitial space between inner steel wall and 

outer fiberglass wall of Steel Tank Institute's Permatank and detects breaches in 

either inner or outer wall.

For use only on Permatank underground storage tanks manufactured by Steel 

Tank Institute.

Minimum initial vacuum on interstitial space is 13 inches mercury. Tank declared 

tight when vacuum decrease is less than 5 inches mercury over specified test 

period.

Vacuum readings must be recorded on Steel Tank Institute's installation checklist. 

Steel Tank Institute Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

570 Oakwood Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Lake Zurich, IL 60047 Date of Evaluation: 03/25/93

Tel: (708) 438-8265
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

187

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Steel Tank Institute

Permatank Interstitial Vacuum Monitor

Liquid Leaks

PRESSURE/VACUUM INTERSTITIAL MONITOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA < 5%.

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the vacuum decreases (pressure 

increases) 5 inches or more of mercury over the test period specified for each tank 

size. Vacuum prior to test must be minimum of 14 inches of mercury.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, water.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 20,000 gallons. No minimum product level during test.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Test periods required for selected tank sizes to detect a leak rate of 0.1 gph:

Selected Tank Sizes gasoline diesel water

500 gal 0.4 hr 5.0 hr 4.8 hr

5,000 gal 1.3 hr 16.2 hr 15.7 hr

8,000 gal 2.1 hr 24.9 hr 24.2 hr

20,000 gal 3.7 hr 44.8 hr 43.6 hr

Comments: System tests the interstitial space between inner steel wall and outer fiberglass 

wall of Steel Tank Institute's Permatank.

Interstitial space is tested continuously.

System detects breaches in either inner or outer tank walls.

System was not evaluated for ability to detect layer of hydrocarbons on water.

Evaluation did not cover any liquid sensors.

Steel Tank Institute Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

570 Oakwood Rd. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Lake Zurich, IL 60047 Date of Evaluation: 04/24/94

Tel: (708) 438-8265
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

188

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Syscorp, Inc.

Store Vision Version E.2

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUALITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.7% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.0834 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 12,000 gallons.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 29 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Of 120 data sets submitted for evaluation, 32 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 8,097 gallons.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph was used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Syscorp, Inc. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

1513 Huffman Rd., Suite 202 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Birmingham, AL 35215 Date of Evaluation: 09/30/93

Tel: (205) 853-0004
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

189

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Tank Automation, Inc.

Automated Precision Tank Testing System (APTT System) 

R-2

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 10 hours, 30 minutes between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 2 hours, 30 minutes between "topping off" and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually for level measurement and by 

computer for temperature measurement.

Leak rate is calculated from last 1 hour of test period data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 10 thermistors.

Groundwater: Groundwater presence must be determined to a depth of 5 feet below grade in

backfill. Product level must be a minimum of 5 feet 6 inches above grade to ensure 

a minimum net pressure of 1 psi at bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Thermistors and level sensors must be checked annually and calibrated if 

necessary.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tank Automation, Inc. Evaluator: Wildwood Engineering

P.O. Box 1395 Tel: Not Available

Wall, NJ 07719 Date of Evaluation: 11/14/90

Tel: (800) 762-4103
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

190

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE 

Proline Test Series III, Version 1.0

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.0% and PFA = 0.1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure. 

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 41 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 1 hour between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour. 

Pipe deflection, vapor pockets, and large temperature differences may produce 

inconsistent readings, testing to continue until stable conditions are present.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Manual calculations are performed by the operator on site.

Calibration: Sensors must be calibrated before each test.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 08/30/91

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

191

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE 

PTK-88

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.8% and PFA = 1.3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 40 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 1 hour between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 10 minutes. Repeat 10 minute cycles are necessary if data does not 

meet the manufacturer’s criteria. 

Test data are acquired and recorded manually. 

Manual calculations are performed by the operator on site.

Calibration: Sensors must be calibrated before each test.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 02/14/91

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

192

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

TLD-1

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA = 0.5%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 50 gallons.

Waiting Time: Testing may begin immediately after system is installed in the line. 

Test Period: Response time is 30 minutes to 6 hours.

Test may not be ended until pass/fail criteria set by manufacturer has been met.

Pipe deflection, vapor pockets, and large temperature differences may produce 

inconsistent readings. Testing must continue until stable conditions are present.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 12/29/91

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

193

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

UST Ullage Test, Version U2

(Pressure Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.24% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the pressure decay trend equals 

or exceeds ± 0.016 psi/hr.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 10,260 gallons.

Waiting time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing. 

Test Period: Minimum of 30 minutes (after data trend has been established).

Test Pressure: Total pressure of 4.0 psi must be applied at bottom of tank.

Temperature: Ullage must be monitored during test, and a correction factor is applied to account 

for temperature changes. If ullage temperature changes exceed 5 degrees F, test 

must not be conducted.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above

product level, net pressure must be maintained at a minimum of 1 psi in the ullage 

during test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only ullage portion of tank.

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested using a volumetric underfill test 

method.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: ADA Technologies, Inc.

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (303) 792-5615

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 04/10/92

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

194

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

UTS-4T Ullage Test

(Pressure Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.24% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the make-up gas flow rate into 

ullage equals or exceeds 0.275 cubic feet/hour.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 7,500 gallons.

Waiting time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing. 

Test Period: Minimum of 20 minutes, consisting of 2 consecutive 10-minute test periods. 

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Test Pre ssure: Pressure must be increased in ullage such that total pressure at bottom of tank 

does not exceed 5.0 psi. 

Pressure must be maintained for a minimum of 5 minutes per 1,000 gallons of ullage. 

At conclusion of this stabilization period, ullage pressure must be reduced by 0.5 

psi for remainder of test.

Temperature: Ullage must be monitored for rate of temperature change, which must not exceed 

manufacturer's tabulated values.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above

product level, net pressure must exceed 1 psi in the ullage during test.

If this requires more than 5 psi total pressure at tank bottom, the ullage test must 

not be used.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only ullage portion of tank.

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested using a volumetric underfill test 

method.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 12/04/92

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

195

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

U3 Ullage Test 

(Vacuum or Pressure Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different from the baseline. 

Baseline is the acoustic signal before tank is pressurized or evacuated.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 16,500 gallons. 

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing

Test Period: A few minutes to determine background noise and a leak.

Depends on background noise at the site and on the size of the leak. 

After the desired pressure has been reached, the tank should be allowed to settle 

for 10 minutes.

Test Pressure: Vacuum of 1 psi must be maintained in ullage by a vacuum blower, or total 

pressure at bottom of tank of 4 psi must be maintained using nitrogen.

Temperature: Acoustic signal is independent of product temperature.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

product level, vacuum test should not be used. 

Pressure test may only be used if net pressure can be maintained at a minimum 

1 psi throughout ullage during test. If this requires more than 5 psi total pressure at 

tank bottom, the ullage test must not be used.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only ullage portion of the tank. 

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested with an underfill test method.

Microphone was 25 feet away from the leak source during evaluation.

If background noise is too high, test is inconclusive. 

Noise signals are tape recorded (not digitally recorded).

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it 

may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be declared by vacuum 

test. A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 01/15/93

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

196

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

Quick Test 

(Underfill Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD(VACUUM)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the acoustic signal detected is 

different from the baseline.

Baseline is the acoustic signal before tank is evacuated.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum product volume of 30,000 gallons. Tank product level must be between 7 

and 86 inches.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing

Test Period: A few minutes to determine background noise and a leak.

Depends on background noise at the site and on size of leak. 

Test Pressure: Vacuum of 0.5 psi beyond the vacuum required to overcome the tank bottom 

pressure must be maintained in ullage by a vacuum blower.

Net vacuum applied = 0.5 psi + [inches of product level x the specific gravity of 

product x 0.036].

Temperature: Acoustic signal is independent of product temperature.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above

the tank bottom, this system may not be used. 

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Evaluated using diesel fuel.

Tests only portion of tank containing product. 

Ullage portion of tank must be tested with an ullage test method.

Microphone was 25 feet away from the leak source during evaluation.

If background noise is too high, test is inconclusive. 

Noise signals are tape recorded (not digitally recorded).

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) 

because it may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be declared by vacuum 

test. A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator : Ken Wilcox Associates

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 06/25/96

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

197

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

VacuTect

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (VACUUM)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when:

sonic emission of air ingress is detected in ullage area and/or;

sonic emission of bubbles formed by air ingress is detected in product-filled portion of the tank and/or; 

water ingress is detected at the bottom of the tank.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Water miscible products limit the effectiveness of water ingress detection.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 75,000 gallons.

The test is generally conducted with tank between 60 and 90% full. 

The test may be performed at minimum 5% full if the total ullage volume does not exceed 20,000 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 hour to declare a tank tight (after vacuum is reached) if backfill is dry (no water is detected in 

backfill prior to or at the conclusion of test). 

No specified minimum to declare a tank "non-tight". If water is present in backfill, minimum test period for 

declaring a tank tight is calculated based on the tank size, amount of water present in the tank prior to test, 

tank tilt, type of the water sensor and its location. 

Manufacturer's time charts should be checked for appropriate test periods. 

When test relies on detection of water ingress, minimum test period to declare a tank tight (if the 

measurements are taken at the low end of the tank) is 4 hours for the printed circuit board water sensor (test 

period may be shorter for tanks smaller than 1500 gallons) and 1 hour for the magnetostrictive water sensor. 

When water is present in backfill, an inclinometer must be used to determine and record tank tilt. Tank tilt may 

also be determined by taking readings at both ends of the tank. Water sensor should always be used at the 

low end of the tank. If water measurements are not taken at the low end of tank, extended test periods may be 

required to detect any water ingress.

Test Pressure: Vacuum must not be greater than 0.5 psi at bottom of tank.

Temperature: Sonic emission is independent of product temperature.

Water Sensor: Must be used at the low point of the tank to detect water ingress. 

Magnetostrictive sensor minimum detectable water level is 0.017 inch, and minimum detectable water level 

change is 0.001 inch. 

Printed circuit board sensor minimum detectable water level is 0.022 inch, and minimum detectable water level 

change is 0.016 inch. 

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom of tank, test time must be 

extended to allow sufficient time to detect water ingress of 0.1 gph. 

Comments: Evaluated for manifold tank systems using two 20,000 gallon tanks during the 02/20/96 evaluation.

Evaluated using gasoline, diesel, and JP-4 .

Microphone should be located within 60 feet from any possible leak source.

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be detected by vacuum test. 

A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Austin, TX 78757 Dates of Evaluation: 10/28/91, 09/08/92, 

Tel: (800) 800-4633 02/20/92, 01/18/94, 02/23/96
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

198

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

Computerized VPLT Testing System

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Tank must contain minimum 24 inches of product.

Waiting Time: Must be long enough between delivery and testing to ensure a temperature 

change of less than 0.09 degrees F per hour, typically a minimum of 2 hours.

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer.

Leak rate is calculated from average over data window.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is typically determined by 5 thermistors. 

A minimum of 1 thermistor is required.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom 

of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 1 psi at 

bottom of tank during test. (There must be a difference of at least 37 inches between 

groundwater level and product level to provide a net pressure of 1 psi at bottom of 

tank during test.)

Calibration: Thermistors must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Assoc.

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 02/15/93

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

199

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Tanknology - NDE

Sure Test - Assured Tight System, Series IV

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.99% and PFA = 0.005%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss 

or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 11 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from average of subsets of all collected data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by temperature sensor probes.

A minimum 12 inches of product must be present for the temperature probes to 

operate properly.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom 

of tank, product level must be adjusted during test to provide a minimum net pressure 

of 1 psi at bottom of tank during test. (There must be a difference of at least 37 

inches between groundwater level and product level to provide a net pressure of 1 

psi at bottom of tank during test.)

Calibration: Temperature probes and floats must be checked for proper operation prior to each 

test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Tanknology - NDE Evaluator: ADA Technologies

8900 Shoal Creek Blvd., Building 200 Tel: (303) 792-5615

Austin, TX 78757 Date of Evaluation: 09/09/92

Tel: (800) 800-4633
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

200

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

TeleData, Inc.

TankMate Version 3.20

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.8% and PFA = 0.02% for both single and 

manifolded tanks.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the estimated leak rate 

is statistically significant and continuous.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, kerosene.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 60,000 gallons for single tank.

Maximum of 60,000 gallons cumulative capacity for manifold tank systems with 

no more than 3 tanks in the system.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 15 days of data is required.

System Features: Method of data analysis that system employs, and was used during evaluation 

process, is exclusive of any external control by vendor.

System consists of a fully automated software package with embedded 

algorithms for conducting leak detection testing. Consequently, third party 

evaluation procedure demonstrated that system can be used in-house with no 

requirement for direct vendor participation.

Evaluation Features: Evaluator tested this system for in-house use. Computer program disk along 

with instructional documentation was supplied by vendor to evaluator. 

Evaluator, without vendor involvement, analyzed required data and performed 

evaluation using program disk and accompanying documentation. Vendor was 

NOT present as an observer during evaluation.

Comments: 46% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive 

results.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 53,349 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 gph were used in the evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by the evaluator.

TeleData, Inc. Evaluator: Piotr Blass, Ph,D.

43 East Ocean Blvd. Tel: (407) 369-3467

Stuart, FL 34994 Date of Evaluation: 05/15/97

Tel: (561) 219-4661
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

201

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

LIPSPC-301-0730-001, LIP-301-0729-001

Line Integrity Probe and Submersible Pump Controller 

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.06 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines. 

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons. 

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 1 minute for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 1 hour, 30 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a permanently installed microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display, and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance 

with manufacturer's instructions.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Carrollton, TX 75006 Date of Evaluation: 02/02/93

Tel: (800) 678-7577
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

202

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, 3500 Series

(Ultrasonic Probes #401-0009, #401-0010 and #401-0023)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.3% and PFA = 4.7% for 2 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA = 0.5% for 4 hour test.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4. 

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours, 29 minutes between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 15 minutes after dispensing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours to achieve PD = 98.6% and PFA = 1.4%.

Minimum of 4 hours to achieve PD = 99.5% and PFA = 0.5%.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the microprocessor contained within the EMS 

console.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined from the measurement of the change in the speed of 

sound.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.48 inches.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.035 inch.

Calibration: Temperature sensors and ultrasonic probe must be checked and calibrated in 

accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: The water sensor, temperature sensor, and product level monitor are contained 

in a single ultrasonic probe.

Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Carrollton, TX 75006 Date of Evaluation: 03/16/95

Tel: (800) 678-7577
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

203

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, EMS 2000, 3000, 3500 Series

(Ultrasonic Probes #401-0009, #401-0010, #401-0021, #401-0022)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96.2% and PFA = 3% for ultrasonic probes #401-0009 

and #401-0010.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.91% and PFA = 0.09% for ultrasonic probes #401-

0021 and #401-0022.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor contained within the EMS 

console.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 temperature sensors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.48 inches.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.035 inch.

Calibration: Temperature sensors and ultrasonic probe must be checked and calibrated in 

accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

EMS 2000 and 3000 Series are no longer manufactured by Tidel.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Carrollton, TX 75006 Date of Evaluation: 06/07/93

Tel: (800) 678-7577
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

204

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, EMS 4000

(Ultrasonic Probe #312-9000)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97.4% and PFA = 2.6% for 2 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1% for 4 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 98.6% and PFA = 1.4% for 5 hour test. 

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.7% and PFA = 0.3% for 6 hour test.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with 

the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours, 29 minutes between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 15 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours to achieve PD = 97.4% and PFA = 1.8% for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 4 hours to achieve PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1% for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 5 hours to achieve PD = 98.6% and PFA = 1.4% for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 6 hours to achieve PD = 99.7% and PFA = 0.3% for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the microprocessor contained within the EMS console.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined from the measurement of the change in the speed of sound.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.045 inches.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.053 inch.

Calibration: Gain adjustment on probe must be checked annually and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

This is a longer version of model #312-9001.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Carrollton, TX 75006 Date of Evaluation: 03/16/95

Tel: (800) 678-7577
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

205

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

Tidel Environmental Monitoring System, EMS 4000

(Ultrasonic Probe #312-9001)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97.9% and PFA = 2.1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation 

with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 2 hours, 23 minutes between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 15 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 4 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the microprocessor contained within the EMS 

console.

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined from the measurement of the change in the speed of 

sound.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.045 inches.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.053 inch.

Calibration: Gain adjustment on probe must be checked annually and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

This is a shorter version of model #312-9000.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Carrollton, TX 75006 Date of Evaluation: 03/16/95

Tel: (800) 678-7577
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

206

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

EMS-3500

Liquid Discriminatory Probes Part 301-0635, Containment Sump Probes Part 301-0642, 

Tidel Detector No. 301-0752-001

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity/hydrocarbon sensitive polymer (Liquid Discriminatory Probes Part 

301-0635), magnetic switch/float and hydrocarbon sensitive polymer (Containment 

Sump Probes Part 301-0642), float switch (Tidel Detector No. 301-0752-001)

Test Results:

Liquid Discriminatory Probes Part 301-0635 unleaded gasoline water

Response time (min) 3.59 0.96

Recovery time (min) 13.18 <1

Product activation height (cm) 1.76 0.49

Lower detection limit (cm) 4.19 1.52

Containment Sump Probes Part 301-0642 high* low*

Response time (min) 6.39 4.12 4.76

Recovery time (min) >60 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 2.27 19.22 4.31

Lower detection limit (cm) 2.32 N/A** 4.31

50% by weight

ethylene glycol in water

30% by weight 

calcium chloride in water

Tidel Detector No. 301-0752-001 high low high low

Response time (min) 21.91 30.10 22.27 31.08

Recovery time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 28.92 2.75 28.82 2.48

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

**See Glossary 

Specificity Results (in addition to above for Liquid Discriminatory Probes Part 301-0635 and 

Containment Sump Probes Part 301-0642):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil #2.

Comments:

Liquid Discriminatory Probes Part 301-0635 and Tidel Detector No. 301-0752-001 are reusable.

Containment Sump Probes Part 301-0642 was tested to determine its capability of detecting hydrocarbons 

floating on water. A Lower detection limit thickness of 0.04 cm was declared, on average, in 16 minutes, 41 

seconds with recovery time averaging 12 minutes, 55 seconds.

Tidel Detector No. 301-0752-001 is intended to monitor the level of either ethylene glycol or calcium chloride 

solutions in interstitial or annular space of a double-walled tank. Detector activates an alarm if any significant 

gain or loss of solution occurs. 

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Carrollton, TX 75006 Dates of Evaluation: 01/29/93, 02/17/93,

Tel: (800) 678-7577 04/20/93
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

207

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

EMS-3500

Monitoring Well Probe Part 301-0641, Sheen Probes Part 301-0687, Tidel Detector No. 301-0762

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: conductivity via resistor ladder network (Monitoring Well Probe Part 301-0641), 

electrical conductivity/hydrocarbon sensitive polymer (Sheen Probes Part 301-0687 

and Tidel Detector No. 301-0762).

Test Results:

Monitoring Well Probe Part 301-0641 unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (min:sec) 0:04 0:07

Fall time (min) <1 <1

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.32 0.32

Sheen Probes Part 301-0687

Detection time (min:sec) 7:45 3:35

Fall time (min:sec) 18:01 16:57

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.02 0.04

Tidel Detector No. 301-0762

Detection time (min:sec) 9:31 7:05

Fall time (min:sec) 55:42 17:04

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.04 0.08

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, JP-4 jet fuel (except Sheen Probes Part 301-0687), toluene, 

xylene(s).

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Carrollton, TX 75006 Dates of Evaluation: 02/02/93, 01/31/93,

Tel: (800) 678-7577 03/18/93
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

208

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

Tidel Detector Nos. 301-0324-001, 301-0325-001, 301-0326-001, 301-0326-002

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity

Test Results:

Tidel Detector Nos. 301-0324-

001, 301-0325-001

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Detection time (sec) 2 2 1

Fall time (sec) 1 2 2

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.16-0.32 0.16-0.32 0.16-0.32

Tidel Detector Nos. 301-0326-

001, 301-0326-002

Detection time (sec) 4 7 2

Fall time (sec) 3 4 4

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.08-0.32 0.08-0.32 0.08-0.32

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Tidel Detector No.301-0324-001

Application: Liquid sensor, water, used in 4" monitoring well.

Sensor: Magnetism and conductivity pins.

Detection Range: 1/8" floating product on groundwater or 1.5" free product.

Tidel Detector No.301-0325-001

Application: Liquid sensor, water or hydrocarbon used in reservoir, sump or pipeline trench.

Sensor: Magnetism and conductivity pins.

Detection Range: 1/8" floating product on groundwater or 1.5" free product.

Tidel Detector No.301-0326-001

Application: Liquid sensor, water, used in 2" monitoring well.

Sensor: Magnetism and conductivity pins.

Detection Range: 1/8" floating product on groundwater or 2.5" free product.

Tidel Detector No.301-0326-002

Application: Liquid sensor, water, used in annulus of double wall steel tanks.

Sensor: Magnetism and conductivity pins.

Detection Range: 1/8" floating product on groundwater or 2.5" free product.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Lower detection limit has been statistically determined to be within the range specified above.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Radian Corp.

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (512) 454-4797

Carrollton, TX 75006 Date of Evaluation: 07/08/91

Tel: (800) 678-7577
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

209

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Tidel Engineering, Inc.

EMS-3000

301-0328-001, 301-0330-001

and

EMS-3500

Vapor Sensor Probe Part No. 301-0634

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: adsistor

Test Results:

EMS-3000

301-0328-001, 301-0330-001 unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Detection time (min:sec) 1:31 1:05 1:26

Fall time (min:sec) 5:39 4:23 9:38

Lower detection limit (ppm) 10-100 10-500 10-50

EMS-3500

Vapor Sensor Probe Part No. 301-0634

Detection time (min:sec) 2:46 1:41 1:50

Fall time (hr)* >1 >1 >1

Lower detection limit (ppm) 100 500 100

* The vapor sensor probe was recalibrated when it did not recover, after 1 hour, from exposure to test 

vapors.

Specificity Results (in addition to above for EMS-3000 301-0328-001, 301-0330-001):

Activated: toluene, xylene(s)

Not Activated: n-hexane.

Specificity Results (in addition to above for EMS-3500 Vapor Sensor Probe Part No. 301-0634):

Activated: n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s).

Manufacturer’s specifications:

EMS-3500 Vapor Sensor Probe Part No. 301-0634 is for use in normally dry monitoring wells to detect 

hydrocarbon vapors. It can be used in monitoring wells up to 20 feet deep. The probe will alarm if it 

comes in contact with water and must be removed immediately to prevent damage to probe.

Comments:

EMS-3000 lower detection limit has been statistically determined to be within the range specified above.

Tidel Engineering, Inc. Evaluator: Radian Corp.

2310 McDaniel Dr. Tel: (512) 454-4797

Carrollton, TX 75006 Dates of Evaluation: 07/08/91, 03/18/93

Tel: (800) 678-7577
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

210

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Tokheim Corp.

Tokheim Pressure Monitor, Models PM 101, 585A-PM

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.25 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 78 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 4 seconds.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked semi-annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance 

with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: No longer manufactured by Tokheim Corporation.

Tokheim Corp. Evaluator: Vista Research

10501 Corporate Dr. Tel: (415) 966-1171

Fort Wayne, IN 46801-0360 Date of Evaluation: 11/02/90

Tel: (219) 423-2552
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

211

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tracer Research Corp.

Tracer ALD 2000 Automated Tank Tightness Test

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when tracer chemical or hydrocarbon greater than the 

background level is detected outside of the tank system.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other fluids which are compatible and soluble with an acceptable tracer chemical may be tested 

after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Not limited by capacity.

Waiting Time: Ranges from 7 to 30 days (normally 2 weeks) after tracer is added to tank.

Tracer Dosage: Tracer is added to tank manually at tank fill or automatically using a metered injection pump at 

pipeline flowing into tank.

Manual dosage of tracer is based on tank size, product volume in tank, and frequency and volume 

of tank refills according to manufacturer's recommendations.

Automated dosage at pipeline flowing into tank is based on pipeline size and flow rate.

All tanks and piping downstream of the injection point are dosed with tracer compound. 

Permeability: Soil permeability must readily allow tracer movement through the backfill 

(greater than 1 Darcy).

Probe: Radius of influence of each tracer sampling probe is maximum 10 feet.

All tank surfaces must be within the zone of influence of a sampling probe.

Probes must be installed per Manufacturer's guidelines. 

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. For test method to detect a release of tracer 

chemical below groundwater, the hydrostatic pressure of product in the tank must exceed the 

hydrostatic pressure of groundwater during test. To accomplish this, product level must be 

maintained at least 6 inches above groundwater for a minimum of 17 hours during the first three 

days following addition of tracer to the tank.

At the discretion of the regulatory agency, water ingress measuring devices may be used to 

supplement test method in high groundwater conditions.

Comments: Frozen or saturated soil above bottom of tank may limit effectiveness of this test method.

Groundwater above bottom of tank may limit effectiveness of test method (e.g. when applied to 

tanks containing water-miscible products or products whose specific gravity is greater than 1). 

Test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may plug holes in tank 

and retard tracer movement through the soil.

Third party evaluation of the ALD 2000 System tested the device's ability to collect a sample, 

transport sample through 2700 feet of 3/32 inch tubing, and analyze sample.

Sample collection, analysis, data storage, and alarm activation is computer controlled.

Prior evaluations tested PD, PFA, leak threshold, dose, tracer movement through soil, and waiting 

times.

Tracer Research Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

3755 N. Business Center Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Tucson, AZ 85705 Dates of Evaluation: 10/04/90, 06/19/99

Tel: (800) 989-9929 Evaluator: Control Strategies Engineering

Tel: (602) 682-8726

Date of Evaluation: 05/92
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

212

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tracer Research Corp.

Tracer ALD 2000 Automated Line Tightness Test

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA =0%.

Leak Threshold: A pipeline system should not be declared tight when tracer chemical or hydrocarbon greater 

than the background level is detected outside of the pipeline system.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other fluids which are compatible and soluble with an acceptable tracer chemical may be 

tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Pipeline Capacity: Not limited by capacity.

Waiting Time: Ranges from 1 week to 4 weeks (normally 2 weeks) after tracer is added to tank.

For very large pipeline systems, several days or weeks may be required to circulate tracerlabeled fuel through all parts of the pipeline.

Waiting time begins after tracer has reached all portions of the pipeline being tested.

Tracer Dosage: Tracer is added to tank manually or automatically using a metered injection pump at tank fill

or tank discharge pipeline.

Tracer-labeled product must be circulated through pipeline before test period begins. 

Pressurized pipeline must be brought up to operating pressure or operated on a daily basis.

Manual dosage of tracer is based on tank size, product volume in tank, and frequency and 

volume of tank refills according to manufacturer's recommendations.

Automated pipeline injection uses metered injection pumps to automatically inject tracer every 

time product flows through pipeline. Dosage is based on pipeline size and flow rate. 

Permeability: Soil permeability must readily allow tracer movement through the backfill

(greater than 1 Darcy).

Probe: Radius of influence of each tracer sampling probe is maximum 10 feet.

Pipeline must be accurately located to ensure that all pipeline surfaces are within the zone of 

influence of a sampling probe.

Probes must be installed per manufacturer's guidelines. 

Comments: Frozen or saturated soil surrounding pipeline may limit effectiveness of this test method.

Groundwater surrounding pipeline may limit effectiveness of test method (e.g. when applied 

to pipelines containing water-miscible products or products whose specific gravity is greater 

than 1). 

Test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may plug holes in 

pipeline and retard tracer movement through the soil.

Third party evaluation of the ALD 2000 System tested the device's ability to collect a sample, 

transport sample through 2700 feet of 3/32 inch tubing, and analyze sample.

Sample collection, analysis, data storage, and alarm activation is computer controlled.

Prior evaluations tested PD, PFA, leak threshold, dose, tracer movement through soil, and 

waiting times.

Tracer Research Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

3755 N. Business Center Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494 

Tucson, AZ 85705 Dates of Evaluation: 10/04/91, 06/19/99

Tel: (800) 989-9929 Evaluator: Control Strategies Engineering

Tel: (602) 682-8726

Date of Evaluation: 05/92
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

213

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tracer Research Corp.

Tracer Tight Line Test

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA =0%.

Leak Threshold: A pipeline system should not be declared tight when tracer chemical is detected 

outside of the pipeline.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil. 

Other fluids which are compatible and soluble with an acceptable tracer chemical

may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Pipeline Capacity: Not limited by capacity.

Waiting Time: Ranges from 1 week to 4 weeks (normally 2 weeks) after tracer is added to tank.

For very large pipeline systems, several days or weeks may be required to circulate 

tracer-labeled fuel through all parts of the pipeline.

Waiting time begins after tracer has reached all portions of the pipeline being tested.

Tracer Dosage: Dosage of tracer is based on tank size, product volume in tank, and frequency and 

volume of tank refills according to manufacturer's recommendations. 

Tracer-labeled product must be circulated through the pipeline before test period 

begins. 

Pressurized pipeline must be brought up to operating pressure or operated on a 

daily basis.

Permeability: Soil permeability must readily allow tracer movement through the backfill

(greater than 1 Darcy).

Probe: Radius of influence of each tracer sampling probe is maximum 10 feet.

Pipeline must be accurately located to ensure that all pipeline surfaces are within 

the zone of influence of a sampling probe.

Probes must be installed per Manufacturer's guidelines. 

Comments: Frozen or saturated soil surrounding pipeline may limit effectiveness of this test 

method.

Groundwater surrounding pipeline may limit effectiveness of test method (e.g. 

when applied to pipelines containing water-miscible products or products whose 

specific gravity is greater than 1). 

Test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may 

plug holes in piping and retard tracer movement through the soil.

Tracer Research Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

3755 N. Business Center Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494 

Tucson, AZ 85705 Date of Evaluation: 10/04/91

Tel: (800) 989-9929 Evaluator: Control Strategies Engineering

Tel: (602) 682-8726

Date of Evaluation: 05/92
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

214

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Tracer Research Corp.

Tracer Tight

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (TRACER)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when tracer chemical is detected outside 

of the tank system.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other fluids which are compatible and soluble with an acceptable tracer chemical

may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Not limited by capacity.

Waiting Time: Ranges from 7 to 30 days (normally 2 weeks) after tracer is added to tank.

Tracer Dosage: Dosage of tracer is based on tank size, product volume in tank, and frequency and 

volume of tank refills according to manufacturer's recommendations. 

Permeability: Soil permeability must readily allow tracer movement through the backfill 

(greater than 1 Darcy).

Probe: Radius of influence of each tracer sampling probe is maximum 10 feet.

All tank surfaces must be within the zone of influence of a sampling probe.

Probes must be installed per Manufacturer's guidelines. 

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. For test method to detect a 

release of tracer chemical below groundwater, the hydrostatic pressure of product in 

the tank must exceed the hydrostatic pressure of groundwater during test. To 

accomplish this, product level must be maintained at least 6 inches above 

groundwater for a minimum 17 hours during the first three days following addition of 

tracer to the tank.

At the discretion of the regulatory agency, water ingress measuring devices may be 

used to supplement test method in high groundwater conditions.

Comments: Frozen or saturated soil above bottom of tank may limit effectiveness of this test 

method.

Groundwater above bottom of tank may limit effectiveness of test method (e.g. when 

applied to tanks containing water-miscible products or products whose specific 

gravity is greater than 1). 

Test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may plug 

holes in tank and retard tracer movement through the soil.

Tracer Research Corp. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

3755 N. Business Center Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Tucson, AZ 85705 Date of Evaluation: 10/04/90

Tel: (800) 989-9929 Evaluator: Control Strategies Engineering

Tel: (602) 682-8726

Date of Evaluation: 05/92
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

215

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Tracer Research Corp.

Tracer Tight

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: quantitative

Sampling frequency: intermittent

Operating principle: chromatographic (looks for chemical tracer)

Test Results:

Hydrocarbon detector 

(GC/FID) xylene benzene 2-methylbutane

unleaded 

gasoline

chemical

tracers

Accuracy (%) <20 <20 <20 <20 N/R*

Bias (%) 0 0 0 0 N/R

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 N/R

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1 <1 N/R

Lower detection limit (ppm) 20 20 20 20 N/R

Tracer Detector

Accuracy (%) N/R N/R N/R N/R <20

Bias (%) N/R N/R N/R N/R 0

Detection time (sec) N/R N/R N/R N/R <1

Fall time (sec) N/R N/R N/R N/R <1

Lower detection limit (ppm) N/R N/R N/R N/R 10-5

* See glossary.

Manufacturer’s specifications:

Soil permeability at the site must exceed 1 Darcy.

Comments:

System utilizes a chromatographic measurement of a vapor sample collected monthly from the site. 

Hydrocarbon vapors and the added chemical tracer can be measured independently. 

During evaluations, the tracer chemical was declared 159 out of 161 trials. 

System evaluation included detectors, analytical procedures, sample containers, sampling procedures, 

sampling system, monitoring well materials and installations, and tracer mobility.

Tracer Research Corp. Evaluator: Control Strategies Engineering

3755 N. Business Center Dr. Tel: (602) 682-8726

Tucson, AZ 85705 Date of Evaluation: 05/05/92

Tel: (800)989-9929
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

216

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Training and Services Corp.

AcuRite

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.01 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 75 gallons.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 30 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Manual calculations are performed by the operator on site.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Formerly manufactured by Hasstech

Training and Services Corp. Evaluator: Lamar University

501 Bains St., Suite 113 Tel: (409) 880-8788

Brookshire, TX 77423 Date of Evaluation: 03/25/91

Tel: (281) 934-3839
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

217

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Triangle Environmental, Inc.

TEI Model LT-3, Version 1.0 

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100.0% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 80 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 15 minutes between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 15 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Manual calculations are performed by the operator on site. 

Temperature: Product change per hour must be less than 4 degrees F.

Calibration: Sensors must be checked annually and calibrated semi-annually in accordance 

with manufacturer's instructions.

Triangle Environmental, Inc. Evaluator: United States Testing Company

2525 W. Burbank Blvd. Tel: (213) 723-7181

Burbank, CA 91505 Date of Evaluation: 03/03/92

Tel: (818) 840-7020
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

218

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Triangle Environmental, Inc.

TEI Ullage Test, Version 1.0 (Vacuum Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when an increase in the acoustic noise 

level (above background) of the tank under vacuum is detected due to air or water 

ingress. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 15,000 gallons.

Microphone should be located within 24 feet of all points within the ullage.

Waiting Time: None if test is conducted after the underfilled tank test.

Test Period: Minimum of 1 minute.

Test Pressure: Vacuum of 1 psi must be maintained in ullage.

If vacuum cannot be maintained, see manufacturer’s instructions.

Temperature: Acoustic signal is independent of product temperature.

Groundwater: Depth to the groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

product level, vacuum must be adequate to detect an ingress of groundwater.

Calibration: Sensors must be calibrated before each test.

Comments: Manifold tank systems must be isolated prior to test.

Evaluated using unleaded gasoline.

Tests only ullage portion of tank.

Product-filled portion of tank must be tested using an underfill test method.

Microphone was 24 feet away from the leak source during evaluation.

Headphones are used during test to listen for the signal of air ingress.

Noise signals are tape recorded (not digitally recorded).

Test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may 

plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be declared by vacuum 

test. A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

Triangle Environmental, Inc. Evaluator: United States Testing Co. Inc.

2525 W. Burbank Blvd. Tel: (213) 723-7181

Burbank, CA 91505 Date of Evaluation: 05/05/93

Tel: (818) 840-7020
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

219

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Triangle Environmental, Inc.

TEI System 5000, Version 1.0

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (VACUUM)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when the acoustic noise level of the tank under vacuum is greater 

than the calibrated background acoustic noise level (prior to evacuation).

A tank system should not be declared tight if any water ingress is detected. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 20,000 gallons. 

Tank must be minimum 14% full. 

Microphone should be located within 24 feet of all points within the tank. 

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing. 

Test Period: Minimum of 1 minute when groundwater is below bottom of tank.

When groundwater is above bottom of tank, either of the following water sensors may be used:

TEI System 5000 water sensor:

Minimum of 10 minutes (time begins after sensor is set up and calibrated).

Horner EZ-3 conductivity water sensor:

Minimum test time must be calculated using Horner EZ -3 oprations manual. Calculation is based on tank size, 

groundwater elevation, and product elevation, but not less than 1 hour.

 

Test Pressure: Vacuum of 1 psi must be maintained in ullage.

If vacuum cannot be maintained, see manufacturer’s instructions.

Temperature: Acoustic signal is independent of product temperature. 

Water Sensors: Either Triangle or Horner water sensor must be used to detect water ingress.

TEI System 5000 water sensor:

Minimum detectable water level is 0.0532 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.00013 inch.

Minimum water level in tank must be adjusted to at least 0.0532 inch at the sensor before starting the test. 

Horner EZ-3 conductivity water sensor:

Minimum detectable water level is 0.014 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.0095 inch.

Minimum water level in tank must be adjusted to at least 0.014 inch at the sensor before starting the test.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom of tank, either the TEI 

System 5000 water sensor or the Horner EZY 3 conductivity water sensor must be used and the test time 

extended to allow sufficient time to ensure water ingress detection during test.

Calibration: Acoustic sensor, and TEI System 5000 water sensor or Horner EZY 3 conductivity water sensor, must be 

calibrated before each test. 

Comments: Manifold tank systems must be isolated prior to test.

Evaluated using unleaded gasoline.

Microphone was 24 feet away from the leak source during evaluation.

Headphones are used during test to listen for air ingress signal.

Noise signals are tape recorded rather that recording the noise levels in decibels.

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be detected by vacuum test. A well point in backfill 

may help identify presence of this condition.

Triangle Environmental, Inc. Evaluator: United States Testing Co., Inc.

2525 W. Burbank Blvd. Tel: (213) 723-7181

Burbank, CA 91505 Dates of Evaluation: 02/04/93, 01/20/98

Tel: (818) 840-7020
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

220

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Triangle Environmental, Inc.

TEI System 4000, Version 1.0 

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 4.8%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 6 hours between delivery and testing. 

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum is determined by a computer. 

Average was 4 hours during the evaluation.

Leak rate is calculated from last 2 hours of test period data.

Test data are acquired and recorded by computer.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 3 thermistors.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure

of 1 psi at bottom of tank during test.

Calibration: Thermistors must be calibrated before each test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

May also be used as an overfill test method.

Triangle Environmental, Inc. Evaluator: United States Testing Company, Inc.

2525 W. Burbank Blvd. Tel: (213) 723-7181

Burbank, CA 91505 Date of Evaluation: 04/02/91

Tel: (818) 840-7020
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

221

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc.

TICS-1000

(Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96.6% and PFA = 3.4%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 90% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 6 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Leak rate is calculated from average of subsets of all collected data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 resistance temperature 

detectors (RTDs).

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.83 inch.

Minimum detectable water level change is 0.0116 inch.

Calibration: RTDs and probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

9205 Alabama Ave., Unit C Tel: (816) 443-2494

Chatsworth, CA 91311 Date of Evaluation: 08/20/93

Tel: (800) 899-7121, (818) 998-7121
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

222

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc.

LTC-1000

(Mass Buoyancy Probe)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 14,244 ft2, leak rate is 1.4 gph with PD = 97.2% and PFA = 2.8%. 

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 1.4 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 20,000 ft2; leak rate = [(20,000 ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 1.4 

gph] = 2.0 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 1.18 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 14,244 ft2, leak threshold is 0.7 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 0.7 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 20,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(20,000 ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 

0.7 gph] = 1.0 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 35,610 ft2 (approximately 213 ft. diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 3 hours, 42 minutes after delivery. Valve leaks and pump drain-back may 

mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 49 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 2,000,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface 

area (PSA) of 14,244 ft2.

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

9205 Alabama Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Chatsworth, CA 91311 Date of Evaluation: 05/17/96

Tel: (800) 899-7121, (818) 988-7121
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

223

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc.

LTC-2000

(Differential Pressure Probe)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 14,244 ft2, leak rate is 3.0 gph with PD = 98.8% and PFA = 1.2%. 

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 3.0 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 20,000 ft2; leak rate = [(20,000 ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 3.0 

gph] = 4.2 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 2.15 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 14,244 ft2, leak threshold is 0.7 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 1.5 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 20,000 ft2, leak threshold = [(20,000 ft2 ÷ 14,244 ft2) x 

1.5 gph] = 2.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 35,610 ft2 (approximately 213 ft. diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 3 hours, 30 minutes after delivery. Valve leaks and pump drain-back may 

mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 48 hours, 18 minutes.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Probe must be checked and calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 2,000,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface 

area (PSA) of 14,244 ft2. 

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

9205 Alabama Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Chatsworth, CA 91311 Date of Evaluation: 05/17/96

Tel: (800) 899-7121, (818) 988-7121
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

224

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc.

Leak Alert System

Models LAL-100, LA-01, LA-02, LA-04, LA-X4, LA-08, DLS-01, LS-20, LS-36, LS-70, CATLAS 

Liquid Sensor LALS-1

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: thermal conductivity

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

Response time (min) 1.24

Recovery time (min) <1

Product activation height (cm) 0.61

Lower detection limit (cm) 0.76

 

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil #2, water.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

9205 Alabama Ave., Unit C Tel: (412) 268-3495

Chatsworth, CA 91311 Dates of Evaluation: 06/01/94, 04/22/97

Tel: (800) 899-7121, (818) 998-7121
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

225

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc.

Leak Alert System

Models LAV-100, LA-01, LA-02, LA-04, LA-X4, LA-08, CATLAS

LAVS-1 MOS Vapor Sensor

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: metal oxide semiconductor

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4jet fuel

Detection time (sec) 31 40 42

Fall time (min:sec) 4:43 4:25 4:30

Lower detection limit (ppm) 100 N/D* N/D

* See glossary.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s).

Universal Sensors and Devices, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

9205 Alabama Ave., Unit C Tel: (412) 268-3495

Chatsworth, CA 91311 Date of Evaluation: 06/01/94

Tel: (800) 899-7121, (818) 988-7121
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

226

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

USTest, Inc.

UST 2001 and UST 2001 Quick Test

(Ultrasonic Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97.5% and PFA = 2.5% for Quick Test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.2% and PFA = 4.8%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation 

with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 4 hours between delivery and testing. 

Minimum of 15 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time. 

Test Period: Minimum of 30 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph (Quick Test). With a test period of 1 hour, 

system has PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%.

Minimum of 1 hour for leak rate of 0.1 gph. With a test period of 2 hours, system has

PD = 98.6% and PFA = 1.4%.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from data determined to be valid by statistical analysis.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined from the measurement of the change in the 

speed of sound.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

water is declared via an ultrasonic signal ranging to the water interface.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is less than 0.1 inch. 

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.046 inch.

Calibration: Probe must be checked regularly in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

USTest, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

406 E. Madison St., Suite 2004 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Broussard, LA 70518 Date of Evaluation: 06/06/95

Tel: (318) 839-1070
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

227

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

USTest, Inc.

UST 2000/U 

(Pressure and Vacuum Test)

NON-VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (ULLAGE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: A tank system should not be declared tight when there is a substantial increase in the 

acoustic noise signal (when the tank is under pressure or vacuum) above the 

background signal (prior to pressurization or evacuation) in the frequency interval of 10 

kHz to 20 kHz. The acoustic signal to noise ratio is preprogrammed into the computer 

and is not revealed to or adjustable by the operator.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4, waste oil.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Equipment is not in contact with the product.

Tank Capacity: Maximum ullage volume is 7,550 gallons for pressure test and 5,250 gallons for vacuum 

test.

Waiting Time: None if test is conducted after an underfilled tank tightness test.

Test Period: Minimum of 15 minutes (includes collection of background information).

Test Pressure: Net pressure of 2.0 psi or vacuum of 1.0 psi must be maintained in ullage.

Temperature: Acoustic Signal is independent of product temperature.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above product 

level, vacuum test must not be used. Pressure test must be conducted using net 

pressure exceeding 2.0 psi in the ullage.

Calibration: Test equipment must be checked by tester before each test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Evaluated using unleaded gasoline as test product.

Tests only ullage portion of tank. 

Product-filled portion of the tank must be tested using an underfill test method.

Microphone was less than 8 feet, 6 inches from the leak source during evaluation.

If the background noise is too high, test is inconclusive. Maximum background noise is 

preprogrammed into the computer and not revealed to or adjustable by the technician.

Vibration due to nearby equipment or dripping condensation may interfere with test.

Vacuum test method may not be effective in some backfill (such as clay) because it may 

plug holes in tank.

If soil is saturated with product, air or water ingress may not be declared by vacuum 

test. A well point in backfill may help identify presence of this condition.

USTest, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

406 E. Madison St., Suite 2004 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Broussard, LA 70518 Date of Evaluation: 03/24/92

Tel: (318) 839-1070
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

228

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

USTest, Inc.

UST 2000/LL

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 98.12% and PFA = 1.88%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, water, kerosene. 

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons. 

Tank must be minimum 15% full. There must be at least 20 inches and not more than 

67 inches of product in the tank.

Waiting Time: Ranges from 3 to 12 hours between delivery and testing. 

Testing may begin when the rate of product temperature change does not exceed 0.1 

degree F per hour.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer, which does a regression analysis 

to determine the leak rate. 

An ultrasonic device is used to measure changes in product level. 

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined from the measurement of the change in the speed of 

sound.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom of 

tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 1 psi at 

bottom of tank during test. (There must be a difference of at least 37 inches between 

groundwater level and product level to provide a net pressure of 1 psi at bottom of tank 

during test.)

Calibration: Temperature sensors and probes must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary 

in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

USTest, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

406 E. Madison St., Suite 2004 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Broussard, LA 70518 Date of Evaluation: 06/09/94

Tel: (318) 839-1070
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

229

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

USTest, Inc.

UST 2000/P

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (UNDERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1% for tanks up to 15,000 gallons,

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.7% and PFA = 0.3% for tanks from 15,000 gallons 

up to 45,000 gallons.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, water, kerosene.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 45,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 78.6% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum for tanks up to 45,000 gallons must be determined from the manufacturer's 

chart of “Wait Time versus Tank Volume.” This chart must be included in the tank test 

report.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum for tanks less than 10,000 gallons is one hour.

Minimum for tanks from 10,000 to 45,000 gallons is determined from the manufacturer's 

chart of Differential Volume versus Test Duration. 

Line labeled PD = 99.9% must be used. This chart must be included in the tank test 

report.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer, which does a regression analysis 

to determine the leak rate.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined from the measurement of the change in the speed of 

sound.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above bottom of 

tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure of 1 psi at 

bottom of the tank during test.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

USTest, Inc. Evaluators: Midwest Research Institute

406 E. Madison St., Suite 2004 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Broussard, LA 70518 and Ken Wilcox Associates 

Tel: (318) 839-1070 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Dates of Evaluation: 12/05/90 (1000-10000 

gallons), 08/04/92 (10000-45000 gallons)
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

230

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

USTMAN Industries, Inc.

YES SIR 90

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUALITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96.3% and PFA = 3.9%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight when a consistent loss or 

gain equals or exceeds this threshold that is statistically significant from zero at 

the 5% confidence level.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons. 

Data Requirement: Minimum of 35 days of product level and flow through data. 

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Of 120 data sets submitted for evaluation, 15 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 15,867 gallons.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

USTMAN Industries Inc. Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

12265 W. Bayaud Ave., Suite 110 Tel: (816) 753-7600

Lakewood, CO 80228 Date of Evaluation: 12/17/90

Tel: (800) 253-8054
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

231

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

USTMAN Industries, Inc.

USTMAN SIR 1.91

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD =98.4% and PFA = 1.6%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight when a consistent loss or 

gain equals or exceeds this threshold at the 5% level of significance.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons. 

Data Requirement: Minimum of 42 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: Not evaluated using data from manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, 4 data sets were not analyzed and 

7 were inconclusive.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 10,978 gallons.

Leak rates ranging from 0.048 to 0.201 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

USTMAN Industries Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

12265 W. Bayaud Ave., Suite 110 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Lakewood, CO 80228 Date of Evaluation: 10/31/91

Tel: (800) 253-8054
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

232

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

USTMAN Industries, Inc.

USTMAN SIR Version 94.1

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD > 99% and PFA < 1.0%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: Evaluated using some data from manifold tank systems.

Of 53 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive 

results.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 25,408 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator. Some data sets used USTMAN 

SIR 1.91 (0.1 gph) analysis as documentation that tanks were tight.

USTMAN Industries Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

12265 W. Bayaud Ave., Suite 110 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Lakewood, CO 80228 Date of Evaluation: 03/31/94

Tel: (800) 253-8054
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

233

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

USTMAN Industries, Inc.

USTMAN SIR Versions 95.2, 95.2A

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD > 99.9% and PFA < 0.01%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD > 99.2% and PFA < 0.08%.

Leak Threshold: 0.1 for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or 

gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, avi ation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 60,000 gallons for single tanks.

Maximum of 60,000 gallons cumulative capacity for manifold tank systems with no 

more than 4 tanks in system.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: 44% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems.

Of 94 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive 

results.

Results obtained from combined data for USTMAN Version 94.1 and 95.2.

Data used in the evaluation were obtained from manual tank sticking.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 25,376 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

USTMAN Industries Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

12265 W. Bayaud Ave., Suite 110 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Lakewood, CO 80228 Date of Evaluation: 12/12/95

Tel: (800) 253-8054
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

234

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vaporless Manufacturing

Vaporless LD-2100 or PLC-5000 with 98LD-2000PLC 

(for Rigid and Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.136 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.068 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible, fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 172 gallons for rigid pipelines.

Maximum of 39.5 gallons for flexible pipelines.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is less than 8 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 1 hour, 48 minutes to 10 hours, 54 minutes for leak rates of 0.2 

and 0.1 gph.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

LD-2100 is a stand alone system. PLC-5000 must be coupled with the 98LD2000.

Pump shutdown, message display and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Vaporless Manufacturing Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8700 East Long Mesa Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Prescott Valley, AZ 86314 Dates of Evaluation: 05/20/98, 11/10/98

Tel: (520) 775-0185
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

235

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Vaporless Manufacturing

Vaporless LD-2000, LD-2000S

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 1.7 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass or steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between dispensing and testing.

None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 5 seconds.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

LD2000 - restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

LD2000S - pump shutoff if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Vaporless Manufacturing Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8700 East Long Mesa Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Prescott Valley, AZ 86314 Date of Evaluation: 11/19/90

Tel: (520) 775-0185
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

236

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Vaporless Manufacturing

Vaporless LD-2000E, LD-2000E-S

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 59.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between dispensing and testing.

None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 30 seconds.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

LD2000E - restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

LD2000ES - pump shutoff if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Enviroflex piping with a bulk modulus* of 1,352 psi was used during evaluation.

*See glossary.

Vaporless Manufacturing Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8700 East Long Mesa Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Prescott Valley, AZ 86314 Date of Evaluation: 12/11/92

Tel: (520) 775-0185
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

237

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Vaporless Manufacturing

Vaporless LD-2000T, LD-2000T-S

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.5 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 129 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between dispensing and testing.

None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 1 minute.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

LD2000T - restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

LD2000T-S - pump shutoff if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Vaporless Manufacturing Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8700 East Long Mesa Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Prescott Valley, AZ 86314 Date of Evaluation: 07/13/93

Tel: (520) 775-0185
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

238

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Vaporless Manufacturing

Vaporless 98LD-2000, 99LD-2000, 99LD-2200, LD-2200 Scout

(for Rigid Flexible and Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.5 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible, fiberglass, and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 172 gallons for rigid pipelines.

Maximum of 39.5 gallons for flexible pipelines.

Waiting Time: None between dispensing and testing.

None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Response time is less than 1 minute without a leak and 1 to 8 minutes with a leak.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Vaporless Manufacturing Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8700 East Long Mesa Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Prescott Valley, AZ 86314 Dates of Evaluation: 05/20/98, 11/10/98

Tel: (520) 775-0185
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

239

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Vaporless Manufacturing

Vaporless LD-3000, LD-3000S

AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.0 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized steel and fiberglass pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 320 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Response time is 9 seconds.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

LD3000 - restricted flow to dispenser if leak is declared.

LD3000S - pump shutoff if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Vaporless Manufacturing Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

8700 East Long Mesa Drive Tel: (816) 443-2494

Prescott Valley, AZ 86314 Date of Evaluation: 08/20/93

Tel: (520) 775-0185
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

240

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS-350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC Line Leak Detector, Series 8475

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.079 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 158 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum between dispensing and testing depends on volume of product and 

temperature gradient which is determined by the system's computer.

Test Period: Response time is 14 seconds for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 6 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 14 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 09/20/91

Tel: (860) 651-2700 Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

Tel: (816) 443-2494

Date of Evaluation: 04/12/93
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

241

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS-350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC Line Leak Detector, Series 8475

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96% and PFA = 4%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.1 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.079 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 49.6 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum between dispensing and testing depends on volume of product and 

temperature gradient which is determined by the system's computer.

Test Period: Response time is 1 minute for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 45 minutes to 8 hours, 51 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph

Response time is 1 hour, 12 minutes to 12 hours, 54 minutes for leak rate of

0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown, message display and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 08/04/93

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

242

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC Line Leak Detector, Series 8484

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.88 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.17 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 98.4 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 16 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 45 minutes to 1 hour between dispensing and testing for leak rate of

0.2 gph.

Minimum of 2 hours, 30 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of

0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 28.8 seconds for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 32 to 48 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 18 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown (optional), message display and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 08/07/91, 12/18/96

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

243

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC, LLD-300 Line Leak Detector, Series 8484

(for Flexible Pipelines)

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak Threshold: 1.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.17 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized flexible pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 10 psi for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Tests are conducted at 30 psi for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure equivalent to 45 psi line for leak rate of

0.1 gph.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 40.8 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 13 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 4 minutes to 1 hour, 9 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak 

rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 1 to 4 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is 1 to 6 minutes for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 40 minutes to 1 hour for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 45 minutes to 1 hour, 15 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown (optional), message display and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 10/16/95, 01/31/97

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

244

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS 350, 350PC, 350R, 350 RPC, LLD-300 Line Leak Detector, Series 8494

Pressurized Line Leak Detector, Series 8494

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC LINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 2.5 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.17 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.09 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests pressurized fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure, not to exceed 50 psi.

System will not function with a mechanical line leak detector installed in the 

pipeline.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 100 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Minimum of 45 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 2 hours between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Response time is less than 1 minute for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

Response time is 30 to 45 minutes for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Response time is 32 to 48 minutes for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: Permanent installation on pipeline.

Automatic testing of pipeline.

Preset threshold.

Single test to determine if pipeline is leaking.

Pump shutdown (optional), message display and alarm activation if leak is 

declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 05/08/96

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

245

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Veeder-Root

TLS-200, 200i, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC UST ATGS 

(Model 7842 Digital Sensing Capacitance Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.1 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours, 18 minutes between delivery and testing.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 5 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system’s computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a temperature averaging probe.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.40 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.040 inch.

Calibration: Temperature averaging probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in 

accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Capacitance probes do not work with oxygenated fuels.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 05/14/93

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

246

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS-200, 200i, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 300PC, 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC UST ATGS 

(Model 8472 Digital Sensing Capacitance Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 0.2%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 0.1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.126 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.071 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation 

with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tank must be minimum 95% full for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours, 18 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours, 15 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

There must be no delivery during waiting time for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system’s computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 1.52 inches.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which routinely 

contains product.

Capacitance probes do not work with oxygenated fuels.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 05/14/93

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

247

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS-200, 200i, 250, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 300PC, 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC UST ATGS 

(Model 8473 Digital Sensing Magnetostrictive Probe)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99% and PFA= 0.1%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA= 1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.093 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.071 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that 

equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 50 and 95% full for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Tank must be minimum 95% full for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours, 18 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 8 hours, 15 minutes between delivery and testing for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 3 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system’s computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.544 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head 

pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank system which 

routinely contains product.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 05/14/93, 03/14/95

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

248

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS-250, 250i, 300, 300C, 300i, 300PC, 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC UST ATGS

(Models 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 98.9% and PFA = 0.3%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 95.8% and PFA = 0.9%.

Leak Threshold: 0.126 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.071 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with 

the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested. 

Minimum product level required is based on tank diameter as follows:

48" dia./ min. 18"; 64" dia./ min. 21"; 72" dia./ min. 24"; 96" dia./ min. 30"; 126" dia./ min. 39".

For other diameters, see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum of 3 hours for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system's computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by probe which contains 5 thermistors . At least one thermistor 

must be submerged in product during test.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.544 inch.

System is programmed to report water depth only when it exceeds 0.75 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Tests only portion of tank containing product. 

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank which routinely contains 

product.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-7684 Date of Evaluation: 09/04/97, 07/01/98

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

249

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS Series 300, 350, 350R

(Models 8463, 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.5% and PFA = 1.6% for 2 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 96.0% and PFA = 3.4% for 5 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 96.2% and PFA = 2.2% for 4 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 96.4% and PFA = 1.5% for 3 hour test.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97.3% and PFA = 2.3% for 2 hour test.

Leak Threshold: 0.126 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.071 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with the 

manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 20,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested. 

Minimum product level required is based on tank diameter as follows:

48" dia./min. 18"; 64" dia./min. 21"; 72" dia./min. 24"; 96" dia./min. 30"; 126" dia./min. 39";

132" dia./min. 39". For other diameters, see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing for 2 hour test and leak rate of 0.2 gph

Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing for 5 hour test and leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 9 hours between delivery and testing for 4 hour test and leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 10 hours between delivery and testing for 3 hour test and leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 11 hours between delivery and testing for 2 hour test and leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system's computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by probe which contains 5 thermistors.

At least two thermistors must be submerged in product during test.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.66 inch.

System is programmed to report water depth only when it exceeds 0.75 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.005 inch for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance with manufacturer's 

instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Tests only portion of tank containing product. 

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). 

Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank which routinely contains product

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Simsbury, CT 06070-7684 Date of Evaluation: 06/29/98

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

250

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Veeder-Root

TLS Series 300, 350, 350R

(Models 8463, 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

AUTOMATIC TANK GAUGING METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95.6% and PFA = 0.3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.126 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel. 

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Tanks less than 95% full may be tested. 

Minimum product level required is based on tank diameter as follows:

48" dia./min. 18"; 64" dia./min. 21"; 72" dia./min. 24"; 96" dia./min. 30";

126" dia./min. 39"; 132" dia./min. 39". For other diameters, see evaluation report.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 8 hours between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 30 minutes between dispensing and testing.

There must be no delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours.

Test data are acquired and recorded by the system's computer.

Leak rate is calculated from the difference between the first and last data collected.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by probe which contains 5 thermistors.

At least two thermistors must be submerged in product during test.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.66 inch.

System is programmed to report water depth only when it exceeds 0.75 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.005 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked and calibrated if necessary in accordance 

with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems. 

Tests only portion of tank containing product. 

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower 

head pressure). Consistent testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain 

undetected.

EPA leak detection regulations require testing of the portion of the tank which 

routinely contains product.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Simsbury, CT 06070-7684 Date of Evaluation: 08/14/98

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

251

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Veeder-Root

TLS-300i, 300J, 350, 350R Monitoring Systems with CSLD 

(Models 8473, 8493 Magnetostrictive Probes)

CONTINUOUS IN-TANK LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.16 gph for single tanks at 99% operating mode.

0.15 gph for manifold tank systems at 99% operating mode.

A tank system should not be declared tight, and a message is printed for the operator, if the test results 

indicate a loss or gain that exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after consultation with the 

manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 38,170 gallons for single tanks and for all tanks manifolded together.

Contact manufacturer for tank system applications if total tank capacity exceeds 30,000 gallons.

Throughput: Monthly maximum of 221,890 gallons.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 3 hours stabilization time is allowed between delivery and data collection.

Test Period: Data collection time ranges from 5 to 28 days.

Data sampling frequency is every 1 to 4 seconds.

System collects data at naturally occurring product levels without interfering with normal tank operation, 

and discards data from unstable periods when system performs test. 

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 thermistors.

Water Sensor: Must be used to detect water ingress.

Minimum detectable water level in the tank is 0.54 inch.

Minimum detectable change in water level is 0.027 inch.

Calibration: Thermistors and probe must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions. 

System set-up menu must be checked to verify that the 99% operating mode option has been selected.

Comments: During installation, the set-up menu provides a choice between a 99% or a 95% operating mode. 

This evaluation covers only the 99% operating mode. At this time, there is no evaluation covering the 

95% mode.

System reports a quantitative result of pass or fail.

Evaluated using both single and manifold tank systems.

Leak rates above 1 gph are either reported as “fail” or as “no idle.”

For valid monthly testing, a conclusive test report must be produced for each tank every month. 

Systems warns the operator if there are no “ passing” tests completed during the month. For very 

active tanks, a tank shut down may become necessary in order for the system to collect enough quiettime data for a test.

Constant and variable leaks were mathematically induced into tight tank test records which were 

collected by systems installed at various active tank sites.

The data base for evaluation of the system included sites with vapor recovery and blending dispensers. 

Tanks used in this evaluation contained gasoline and diesel.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 06/10/96

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

252

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Veeder-Root

ILS-250, ILS-350, TLS-250i, 250i Plus, 300, 300C, 300i, 300PC

TLS-350 Series

Interstitial Liquid Sensor for Fiberglass Tanks (0794390-401, 404, 407, 409)

Interstitial Liquid Sensor for Steel Tanks (0794390-420, 460)

Liquid Sensor for Sumps (0794390-206)

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

Interstitial Liquid Sensor for Fiberglass 

Tanks (0794390-401, 404, 407, 409)) unleaded gasoline* synthetic gasoline**

Response time (min) 3.66 3.45

Recovery time (min) <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 1.28 1.27

Lower detection limit (cm) 1.84 1.65

Interstitial Liquid Sensor for Steel Tanks 

(0794390-420, 460)

Response time (min) 6.00 6.51

Recovery time (min) <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 3.67 3.62

Lower detection limit (cm) 4.05 4.17

Liquid Sensor for Sumps (0794390-206)

Response time (min) 8.19 8.49

Recovery time (min) <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 4.12 3.95

Lower detection limit (cm) 4.67 4.36

* ILS-250, TLS-250i, 250i Plus

** ILS-350, TLS-350 Series

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: diesel fuel, heating oil #2, water.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Dates of Evaluation: 07/17/92, 04/22/98

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

253

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Veeder-Root

TLS-350 Series

Discriminating Interstitial Liquid Sensor (794380-341),

Dispenser Pan Sensor (794380-320),

Discriminating Containment Sump Sensor (794380-350, 360), 

Discriminating Fibretrench Sensor (794380-360, 361, 362)

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: capacitance change/ultrasonic (794380-341), electrical conductivity/ultrasonic 

(794380-320, 350, 360, 361, 362)

Test Results:

Discriminating Interstitial Liquid Sensor (794380-341) unleaded 

gasoline

water

Response time (min) 0.46 1.36

Recovery time (min) <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 0.23 0.69

Dispenser Pan Sensor (794380-320),

Containment Sump Sensor (794380-350, 360),

Discriminating Fibertrench Sensor (794380-360, 361, 362) high

*

low*

Response time (min) 6.59 5.00 4.60

Recovery time (min) 17.17 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 3.40 20.3 2.45

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

Specificity Results (in addition to above for 794380-341):

Activated: diesel fuel (at liquid height of 0.37 cm), synthetic gasoline (at 0.35 cm), heating oil #2 

(at 0.43 cm).

Specificity Results (in addition to above for 794380-320, 350):

Activated: diesel fuel (at liquid height of 4.75 cm), synthetic fuel (at 2.58 cm), heating oil #2 

(at 4.67 cm).

Comments:

For Discriminating Fibertrench Sensor (794380-360), lowest water level detection and alarm activation 

is set at 23 inches high and highest water alarm is set at 25 inches high; for (794380-361), values are 

13 inches and 16 inches; for (794380-362), values are 3 inches and 12 inches, (based on 

manufacturer's specifications).

Sensors are reusable.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Dates of Evaluation: 06/30/93, 05/26/93,

Tel: (860) 651-2700 06/30/97
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

254

Revision Date: August 28, 1998

Veeder-Root

TLS-350 Series, TLS-300, 300i

Discriminating Dispenser Pan Sensor (794380-322),

Discriminating Containment Sump Sensor (794380-352)

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product permeable, reed switch/float

Test Results:

polymer strip float switch

Discriminating Containment Sump unleaded gasoline diesel fuel water

Sensor (794380-322) high* low*

Response time (sec) ~10 min 2-12 hrs <1 <1

Recovery time (sec) N/A** N/A <1 <1

Lower detection limit - height (cm) N/D** N/D 31.2 3.48

Lower detection limit - thickness (cm) 0.0127 0.0127 N/A N/A

Discriminating Dispenser Pan

Sensor (794380-352)

Response time (sec) ~10 min 2-12 hrs <1 <1

Recovery time (sec) N/A N/A <1 <1

Lower detection limit - height (cm) N/D N/D 19.4 3.43

Lower detection limit - thickness (cm) 0.0127 0.0127 N/A N/A

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

** See glossary.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, jet-A fuel, n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s)

Not activated: water (polymer strip only)

Comments:

Polymer strip is not reusable.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Dates of Evaluation: 01/02/95, 06/23/97, 

Tel: (860) 651-2700 04/20/98
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

255

Revision Date: November 9, 1998

Veeder-Root

Dispenser Pan Sensor (847990-001) and Differentiating Dispenser Pan Sensor (847990-002)

With Dispenser Control Interface

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product permeable, reed switch/float

Test Results:

polymer strip float switch

Dispenser Pan Sensor (847990-001) unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Minimum product level (in) 1.71 1.66 1.62

Precision (in) 0.006 0.004 0.008

Differentiating Dispenser Pan 

Sensor (847990-002)

Minimum product thickness (in) 0.06 0.06 N/A*

Minimum product level (in) 0.03 0.06 6.39

Precision (in) N/A** N/A** 0.008

Detection time (min:sec) 06:30 19:50 <00:01

*See glossary.

**Tested at discrete levels only.

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: synthetic gasoline, n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s)

Not activated: water (polymer strip only)

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

These sensors do not require a console

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Dates of Evaluation: 11/15/93, 11/02/98

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

256

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Veeder-Root

TLS-350 Series, TLS-300, 300i

Dual and Single Stage Hydrostatic Sensors (794380-301, 302)

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous 

Operating principle: float switch 

Test Results:

50% by weight 

ethylene glycol in 

water

30% by weight

calcium chloride in water

high* low* high low

Response time (min) 22.52 35.75 20.46 37.07

Recovery time (min) <1 <1 <1 <1

Product activation height (cm) 33.1 3.9 32.2 4.0

*The "high" and "low" refer to high and low level alarm points of hydrostatic sensors.

Comments:

Intended to monitor level of either ethylene glycol or calcium chloride solutions in interstitial or annular 

space of a double-walled tank. 

Activates alarm if any significant gain or loss of solution occurs. 

Sensors are reusable.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Dates of Evaluation: 12/07/92, 03/16/98

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

257

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Veeder-Root

TLS-300C, 300i, 300PC, 350, 350PC, 350R, 350RPC

Solid-State Pan/Sump Sensor (794380-321, 351),

Piping Sump Sensor (794380-208, 209),

Micro Sensor (794380-340)

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product permeable, ultrasonic/float switch

Test Results:

Piping Sump Sensor (794380-208, 209) unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Min. product level (cm) 3.51 3.40 3.03

Precision 0.011 0.011 0.011

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Solid-State Pan/Sump Sensor (794380-321, 351)

Minimum product thickness (cm) 2.60 2.50 2.60

Precision 0.010 0.010 0.010

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Micro Sensor (794380-340)

Minimum product thickness (cm) 0.51 0.46 0.48

Precision 0.011 0.007 0.007

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

208 and 209 sensors are also compatible with 300 series.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Dates of Evaluation: 10/20/94

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

258

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Veeder-Root

350 Series UST Monitoring Systems

Models ILS-350, TLS-350, 350R, 350PC, 350RPC

Groundwater Sensor (794380-621, 622, 624)

LIQUID-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: electrical conductivity

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline

Detection time (min:sec) 8:55 6:18

Fall time (min:sec) 54:50 26:02

Lower detection limit 

(cm)

0.02 0.02

Specificity Results (in addition to above):

Activated: n-hexane, diesel fuel, jet-A fuel, toluene, xylene(s).

Calibration: 

Sensor must be checked annually for operability or in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and

calibrate/replaced if necessary.

Comments:

Sensors are reusable.

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Dates of Evaluation: 11/20/91, 07/28/92

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

259

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Veeder-Root

ILS-350, TLS-350 Series

Adsistor Vapor Probes (794390-700)

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: adsistor

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Detection time (min:sec) 7:46 N/A* 17:01

Fall time (min:sec) 2:38 N/A 3:05

Lower detection limit (ppm) 500 >1000 500

*See Glossary.

Specificity Results:

Not Activated: n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s).

Veeder-Root Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

125 Powder Forest Dr. Tel: (412) 268-3495

Simsbury, CT 06070-2003 Date of Evaluation: 07/24/92

Tel: (860) 651-2700
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

260

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Vista Research, Inc. and Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center

LRDP-24 (V1.0.2,V1.0.3)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak rate is 2.0 or 3.0 gph with PD = 95% and PFA < .001%. Choose one to 

determine the scaled leak rate and scaled leak threshold for the tank being monitored.

For other tank sizes, scaled leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x (leak rate in gph)].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2, leak rate = 2.0 gph; scaled leak rate = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 

2.0 gph] = 3.29 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 0.446 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2 and leak rate of 2.0 or 3.0 gph, leak threshold is 1.777 or 2.77gph 

respectively.

For other tank sizes, scaled leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x (leak rate in gph - 0.223 gph)].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2, leak rate = 2.0 gph; scaled leak threshold = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 

ft2) x (2.0 gph - 0.223 gph)] = 2.92 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or exceeds 

the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 15,205 ft2 (approximately 139 ft. diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 24 hours after delivery or dispensing.

Valve leaks and pump drain-back may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 16.08 to 115.8 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 24 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). Consistent 

testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 600,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface area (PSA) of

6,082 ft2.

Not evaluated as a stand alone system.

Significant bias of 0.103 gph was detected during the evaluation. Evaluator believes this bias was the result 

of product inflow into the tank from valve leaks and product drain back from the pump return line and thus 

evaluator did not use this bias in calculating above results.

Performance of the system can be improved by combining results of 2 or more tests. If this option is used, it 

is important to determine the number of tests, their timing and the number of passing results necessary to 

confirm a tank is tight. The LRDP-24-5 (V1.0) combines the results of 5 tests and is one evaluated option to 

improve the performance of this system.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 01/29/99

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

261

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Vista Research, Inc. and Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center

LRDP-48 (V1.0.2,V1.0.3)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak rate is 2.0 or 3.0 gph with PD = 95% and PFA < 0.001%. Choose one to 

determine the scaled leak rate and scaled leak threshold for the tank being monitored.

For other tank sizes, scaled leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x (leak rate in gph)].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2, leak rate = 2.0 gph; scaled leak rate = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 

2.0 gph] = 3.29 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 0.376 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2 and leak rate of 2.0 or 3.0 gph, leak threshold is 1.812 or 2.812 gph 

respectively.

For other tank sizes, scaled leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x (leak rate in gph - 0.188 gph)].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2, leak rate = 2.0 gph; scaled leak threshold = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 

ft2) x (2.0 gph - 0.188 gph)] = 2.98 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or exceeds 

the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel. 

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 15,205 ft2 (approximately 139 ft. diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 24 hours after delivery or dispensing.

Valve leaks and pump drain-back may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 16.08 to 115.8 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 48 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). Consistent 

testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 600,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface area (PSA) of

6,082 ft2.

Not evaluated as a stand alone system.

Significant bias of 0.078 gph was detected during the evaluation. Evaluator believes this bias was the result 

of product inflow into the tank from valve leaks and product drain back from the pump return line and thus 

evaluator did not use this bias in calculating above results.

Performance of the system can be improved by combining results of 2 or more tests. If this option is used, it 

is important to determine the number of tests, their timing and the number of passing results necessary to 

confirm a tank is tight. The LRDP-48-4 (V1.0) combines the results of 4 tests and is one evaluated option to 

improve the performance of this system.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 01/29/99

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

262

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Vista Research, Inc. and Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center

LRDP-24 (V1.1)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak rate is 0.856 gph with PD = 95% and PFA =0.017%.

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.856 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak rate = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.856 gph] =

1.407 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 0.446 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak threshold is 0.632 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.632 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.632 gph] = 

1.039 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 15,205 ft2 (approximately 139 ft. diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 24 hours after delivery or dispensing.

Valve leaks and pump drain-back may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these 

effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 16.08 to 115.8 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 24 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). Consistent 

testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 600,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface area (PSA) of 

6,082 ft2.

Not evaluated as a stand alone system.

Significant bias of 0.103 gph was detected during the evaluation. Evaluator believes this bias was the 

result of product inflow into the tank from valve leaks and product drain back from the pump return line 

and thus evaluator did not use this bias in calculating above results.

Performance of the system can be improved by combining results of 2 or more tests. If this option is 

used, it is important to determine the number of tests, their timing and the number of passing results 

necessary to confirm a tank is tight. The LRDP-24-5 (V1.1) combines the results of 5 tests and is one 

evaluated option to improve the performance of this system.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 01/29/99

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

263

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Vista Research, Inc. and Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center

LRDP-48 (V1.1)

BULK FIELD-CONSTRUCTED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST LEAK DETECTION METHOD

Certification: Leak rate is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak rate is 0.749 gph with PD = 95% and PFA =0.012%.

For other tank sizes, leak rate equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.749 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak rate = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.749 gph] =

1.232 gph.

Calculated minimum detectable leak rate is 0.376 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5%.

Leak rate may not be scaled below 0.2 gph.

Leak Threshold: Leak threshold is proportional to product surface area (PSA).

For tanks with PSA of 6,082 ft2, leak threshold is 0.563 gph.

For other tank sizes, leak threshold equals [(PSA in ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.563 gph].

Example: For a tank with PSA = 10,000 ft2; leak threshold = [(10,000 ft2 ÷ 6,082 ft2) x 0.563 gph] = 

0.926 gph.

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain that equals or 

exceeds the calculated leak threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Use limited to single field-constructed vertical tanks larger than 50,000 gallons. 

Maximum product surface area (PSA) is 15,205 ft2 (approximately 139 ft. diameter).

Performance not sensitive to product level.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 24 hours after delivery or dispensing.

Valve leaks and pump drain-back may mask a leak. Allow sufficient waiting time to minimize these 

effects. 

Waiting times during evaluation ranged from 16.08 to 115.8 hours.

Test Period: Minimum of 48 hours.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Measurement not required by this system.

Water Sensor: None. Water leaks are measured as increase in mass inside tank.

Calibration: Differential pressure sensor must be checked regularly in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Tests only portion of tank containing product.

As product level is lowered, leak rate in a leaking tank decreases (due to lower head pressure). Consistent 

testing at low levels could allow a leak to remain undetected.

Evaluated in a nominal 600,000 gallon, vertical underground tank with product surface area (PSA) of 

6,082 ft2.

Not evaluated as a stand alone system. 

Significant bias of 0.078 gph was detected during the evaluation. Evaluator believes this bias was the 

result of product inflow into the tank from valve leaks and product drain back from the pump return line 

and thus evaluator did not use this bias in calculating above results.

Performance of the system can be improved by combining results of 2 or more tests. If this option is 

used, it is important to determine the number of tests, their timing and the number of passing results 

necessary to confirm a tank is tight. The LRDP-24-5 (V1.1) combines the results of 5 tests and is one 

evaluated option to improve the performance of this system.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 01/29/99

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

264

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model HT-100 Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method

Version 1.0, Version 1.1

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.004% of line capacity in gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 1.25% for Version 

1.0, (smallest leak rate for Version 1.0 evaluation, which was conducted on a 306,477 

gallon line at 160 psi, was 12.3 gph).

Leak rate of 0.00209% of line capacity in gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5% for Version 

1.1, (smallest leak rate for Version 1.1 evaluation, which was conducted on a 306,477 

gallon line at 160 psi, was 6.42 gph).

Leak Threshold: 0.00282% of line volume in gph for Version 1.0.

0.000916% of line volume in gph for Version 1.1

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds these thresholds. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 612,954 gallons.

Minimum of 3,000 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours, 10 minutes after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform monitoring, or may be 

transported and set up to perform line tightness testing.

A single 3-hour 10-minute test is required consisting of a 1-hour 10-minute monitoring 

period at operating pressure, and a 2-hour monitoring period at atmospheric pressure.

System measures change in volume and reports output quantity in gph, while 

compensating for thermal effects.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: System is to be used only on large bulk pipelines and airport hydrant fueling systems.

This evaluation utilized a total of 87 tests, one with induced leak rate of 13.1 gph.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 11/06/98

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

265

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model HT-100-n Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method

Version 1.0, Version 1.1

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.004%÷  ̄(n) of line capacity in gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 1.25% for 

Version 1.0, where n is the number of tests averaged together (smallest leak rate for 

Version 1.0 evaluation, which was conducted on a 306,477 gallon line at 160 psi where

n = 3, was 7.08 gph).

Leak rate of 0.00209%÷  ̄(n) of line capacity in gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 5% for 

Version 1.1, where n is the number of tests averaged together (smallest leak rate for 

Version 1.1 evaluation, which was conducted on a 306,477 gallon line at 160 psi where

n = 3, was 3.71 gph).

Leak Threshold: 0.00282% ÷  ̄(n) of line volume in gph for Version 1.0.

0.000916% ÷  ̄(n) of line volume in gph for Version 1.1.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that equals 

or exceeds these thresholds. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 612,954 gallons.

Minimum of 3,000 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 3 hours, 10 minutes after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

Averaging of individual tests, where tests may be selected over any time frame yet not 

necessarily consecutive.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform monitoring, or may be 

transported and set up to perform line tightness testing.

A single 3-hour 10-minute test is required consisting of a 1-hour 10-minute monitoring 

period at operating pressure, and a 2-hour monitoring period at atmospheric pressure.

System measures change in volume and reports output quantity in gph, while compensating 

for thermal effects.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

Comments: System is to be used only on large bulk pipelines and airport hydrant fueling systems.

This evaluation utilized a total of 87 tests, one with an induced leak rate of 13.1 gph. 

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 11/24/98

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

266

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model LT-100 Monthly Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method

Version 1.0 (Manual Method)

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 96% and PFA < 4%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 96% and PFA = 4%.

Leak Threshold: 0.177 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.077 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 3,400 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually. 

Calculations are performed by tester.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform monthly monitoring or 

line tightness testing, or may be transported and set up to perform line tightness 

testing.

A single 2-hour test is required consisting of a 1-hour monitoring period at 

operating pressure and a 1-hour monitoring period at atmospheric pressure.

Preset threshold.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions during 

system setup.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 04/15/96

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

267

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model LT-100 Monthly Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method

Version 1.0 (Primary Method)

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97% and PFA < 3%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97% and PFA = 3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.148 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.06 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 3,400 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Maximum of 2 hours after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform monthly monitoring or 

line lightness testing, or may be transported and set up to perform line tightness 

testing.

A single 2-hour test is required consisting of a 1-hour monitoring period at 

operating pressure, and a 1-hour monitoring period at atmospheric pressure.

Preset threshold.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions during 

system setup.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 04/15/96

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

268

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model LT-100 Monthly Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method 

Version 1.0 (Segmented Method)

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 97% and PFA = 3%.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97% and PFA = 3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.174 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.074 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 3,400 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform monthly monitoring or 

line tightness testing, or may be transported and set up to perform line tightness 

testing.

A single 2-hour test is required consisting of two 5-minute monitoring segments at 

atmospheric pressure spaced 25 minutes apart, and two 5-minute monitoring 

segments at operating pressure spaced 25 minutes apart. 

Preset threshold.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions during 

system setup.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 04/15/96

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

269

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model LT-100a Monthly Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method

Version 1.0

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph at 50 psi with PD > 97% and PFA < 3% for Monthly Monitoring 

Method.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph at 50 psi with PD = 97% and PFA = 3% for Line Tightness Test 

Method.

Leak Threshold: 0.148 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.06 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 3,400 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform monthly monitoring or 

line tightness testing, or may be transported and set up to perform line tightness 

testing.

A single 2-hour test is required consisting of a 1-hour monitoring period at 

operating pressure, and a 1-hour monitoring period at atmospheric pressure.

Discrete test method (Monthly Monitoring Method only).

Preset threshold.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions during 

system setup.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 11/06/98

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

270

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model LT-100a Monthly Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method 

Version 1.0 (Segmented Method)

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph at 50 psi with PD > 97% and PFA < 3% for Monthly Monitoring 

Method.

Leak rate of 0.1 gph at 50 psi with PD = 97% and PFA = 3% for Line Tightness Test 

Method.

Leak Threshold: 0.174 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.074 gph for leak rate of 0.1 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 3,400 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform monthly monitoring or 

line tightness testing, or may be transported and set up to perform line tightness 

testing.

A single 2-hour test is required consisting of two 5-minute monitoring segments at 

atmospheric pressure spaced 25 minutes apart, and two 5-minute monitoring 

segments at operating pressure spaced 25 minutes apart.

Discrete test method (Monthly Monitoring Method only).

Preset threshold.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions during 

system setup.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 11/06/98

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

271

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Vista Research, Inc.

Model LT-100a Hourly and Monthly Monitoring Method and Line Tightness Test Method

Version 2.0 (Segmented Method)

LARGE DIAMETER PIPELINE LEAK DETECTOR

Certification: Leak rate of 3.0 gph with PD = 95% and PFA < 0.1% for Hourly Monitoring Method.

Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 95% and PFA = 2.9% for Monthly Monitoring 

Method.

Leak Threshold: 2.936 gph for leak rate of 3.0 gph.

0.136 gph for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss that 

equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass or steel piping.

Tests are conducted at operating pressure to a maximum of 200 psi.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 3,400 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

None between dispensing and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 15 minutes after setup and after pipeline is fully isolated.

Test data are acquired and recorded by a microprocessor.

Calculations are automatically performed by the microprocessor.

System Features: System may be permanently installed on pipeline to perform hourly monitoring or 

monthly monitoring, or may be transported and set up to perform line tightness 

testing.

A single 15-minute test is required consisting of two 3-minute monitoring segments 

at atmospheric pressure spaced 0 minutes apart, and two 3-minute monitoring 

segments at operating pressure spaced 0 minutes apart.

Discrete test methods.

Preset threshold.

Printed message and alarm activation if leak is declared.

Calibration: System must be calibrated in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions during 

system setup.

Vista Research, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

100 View St. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Mountain View, CA 94042 Date of Evaluation: 11/06/98

Tel: (650) 966-1171 
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

272

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Warren Rogers Associates, Inc.

WRA Statistical Inventory Analysis, Version 5.1

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.98% and PFA = 0.02%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 18,000 gallons. 

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data. 

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Of 41 data sets submitted for evaluation, all were analyzed with conclusive results.

Median monthly throughput for tanks evaluated was 1000 gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.20 gph were used in evaluation.

A portion of data sets evaluated was supplied by vendor.

Warren Rogers Associates, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

747 Aquidneck Ave. Tel: (816) 443-2494

Middletown, RI 02840 Date of Evaluation: 12/18/90

Tel: (800) 972-7472
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

273

Revision Date: February 17,1998

Warren Rogers Associates, Inc.

WRA Statistical Inventory Analysis, Version 5.2

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.9% and PFA = 0.1%

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight when there is a statistically 

significant loss at the 0.01 level of significance.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 36,000 gallons for single tank.

Maximum of 36,000 gallons cumulative capacity for manifold tank systems with no 

more than 3 tanks in system.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of product level and flow through data.

Comments: 50% of data sets evaluated were from manifolded tanks systems.

82 data sets were submitted for evaluation. All were analyzed with conclusive 

results.

Median monthly throughput of tanks evaluated was 52,207 gallons.

Median monthly throughput of separate manifolded tank evaluation was 14,944 

gallons.

Leak rates of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 gph were used in evaluation.

All manifolded data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

A portion of the data sets drawn from the WRA Statistical Inventory Analysis 

Version 5.1 evaluation for tanks that were not manifolded, were provided by the 

vendor.

Warren Rogers Associates, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

747 Aquidneck Ave. Tel : (816) 443-2494

Middletown, RI 02840 Date of Evaluation: 12/08/97

Tel: (401) 846-4747
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

274

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Warrick Controls, Inc.

DMS-47X-X-X(-X), DMS-57X-X-X(-X) Monitoring Panels

Models DLP-1-NC, DLP-2-NC, DLP-2-NO Sensors

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: float switch

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

diesel fuel water

Detection time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Fall time (sec) <1 <1 <1

Threshold (in)* ≤1.54 ≤1.50 ≤1.43

 Precision (in)* ≤0.004 ≤0.005 ≤0.007

*Results for threshold and precision varied slightly for each sensor; see evaluation for details.

Comments:

Sensors are reuseable.

Warrick Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

4237 Normandy Court Tel: (816) 443-2494

Royal Oak, MI 48073 Date of Evaluation: 12/01/97

Tel: (248) 549-4900
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

275

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Warrick Controls, Inc.

Model DFP-25 Sensor

LIQUID-PHASE INTERSTITIAL DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: qualitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: product solubility

Test Results:

unleaded gasoline diesel fuel water

Detection time (hr:min:sec) 0:06:50 4:14:40 N/A

Fall time** N/A* N/A N/A

Lower detection limit (cm) ≤2.54 ≤2.54 N/A

* See glossary.

**Fall time is not applicable, since sensor must be replaced after activating.

Specificity Results:

Activated: Evaluator claims that this sensor will respond to any material that is capable of dissolving the 

hydrocarbon-sensitive wax.

Not Activated: Water.

Comments:

Sensor is activated when hydrocarbon-sensitive wax is dissolved, releasing a spring that activates an 

alarm.

Sensor is not reusable, and must be replaced after contact with hydrocarbons.

Liquid level was set at 1 inch (2.54 cm) during test.

Warrick Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc.

4237 Normandy Court Tel: (816) 443-2494

Royal Oak, MI 48073 Date of Evaluation: 11/18/96

Tel: (248) 549-4900
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

276

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Warrick Controls, Inc.

Model 5700 Meter 

PVP-2 Sensor

VAPOR-PHASE OUT-OF-TANK PRODUCT DETECTOR

Detector:

Output type: quantitative

Sampling frequency: continuous

Operating principle: adsistor

Test Results:

unleaded 

gasoline

synthetic gasoline JP-4 jet fuel

Accuracy (%) 25.4 -100.0 157.1

Bias (%) 14.4 -100.0 108.3

Precision (%) 7.6 N/D* 20.4

Detection time (min) >60 N/A* >60

Fall time (min) 38 N/A >60

Lower detection limit (ppm) 1353.3 N/D N/D

* See glossary.

Specificity Results:

Not Activated: n-hexane, toluene, xylene(s).

Warrick Controls, Inc. Evaluator: Carnegie Mellon Research Institute

4237 Normandy Court Tel: (412) 268-3495

Royal Oak, MI 48073 Date of Evaluation: 09/10/91

Tel: (248) 549-4900
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

277

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Watson Systems, Inc. (formerly EnviroQuest Technologies Limited)

SIRAS Software System Versions 2.0, 2.8.3

STATISTICAL INVENTORY RECONCILIATION TEST METHOD (QUANTITATIVE)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.2 gph with PD = 99.999% and PFA = 0.01%

Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99.3% and PFA = 0.7%

Leak Threshold: 0.1 for leak rate of 0.2 gph.

0.05 for leak rate of 0.1 gph. 

A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a loss or gain 

that equals or exceeds this threshold.

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons. 

Size limits using an acceptable protocol for manifold tank systems have not been 

determined.

Data Requirement: Minimum of 30 days of usable product level and flow through data.

System Features: Backup technical support for the end user was part of the service feature of these 

SIR versions and was provided through contract with Watson Systems, Inc. Since 

these SIR versions are now owned by USTMAN Technologies, Inc., information, 

assistance, and technical support for these versions are at their discretion.

Comments: Not evaluated for in-house use that is independent of vendor participation.

Not evaluated for manifold tank systems using an acceptable protocol.

27% of data sets evaluated were from manifold tank systems.

Of 56 data sets submitted for evaluation, 6 were not analyzed due to unusable data.

Median monthly throughput for tanks evaluated was 73,518 gallons.

Leak rates ranging from 0.0458 to 0.2500 gph were used in evaluation.

Data sets evaluated were supplied by evaluator.

Former Owner: Evaluator: Midwest Research Institute

Watson Systems, Inc. Tel: (816) 753-7600

Current Owner: Date of Evaluation: 08/23/93

USTMAN Technologies, Inc.

12265 W. Bayaud Ave.

Lakewood, CO 80228

Tel: (800) 253-8054
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

278

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Western Environmental Resources

Model PLT-100R

LINE TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 100% and PFA = 0%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A pipeline system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates 

a loss that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids may be tested after consultation with the manufacturer.

Specification: System tests fiberglass and steel pipelines.

Tests are conducted at 150% operating pressure.

Mechanical line leak detector must be removed from pipeline for duration of test.

Pipeline Capacity: Maximum of 80 gallons.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Minimum of 1 hour between dispensing and testing. 

Test Period: Minimum of 30 minutes.

Test data are acquired and recorded manually.

Two tests with no time between tests are required before a leak can be declared.

Calibration: System must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Western Environmental Resources Evaluator: Vista Research

PO Box 37 Tel: (415) 966-1171

Bakersfield, CA 93302 Date of Evaluation: 11/21/90

Tel: (805) 326-0173
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

279

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Western Environmental Resources

AES System II 

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 97.7% and PFA = 2.3%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 15,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting time: Between delivery and the beginning of test, waiting time is included in the waiting 

time after "topping off". 

Between "topping off" and beginning test, waiting time is computer-dictated by realtime analysis of level and temperature data.

Total waiting time is approximately 4 to 12 hours. 

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 2 hours (two 1-hour tests).

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from the last 1 hour, 30 minutes of test period data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 5 temperature sensors.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure 

of 2 psi at bottom of the tank during test.

Calibration: Level sensors must be calibrated before each test in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Temperature sensor must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in 

accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Western Environmental Resources Evaluator: Vista Research

PO Box 37 Tel: (415) 966-1171

Bakersfield, CA 93302 Date of Evaluation: 12/20/90

Tel: (805) 326-1073
Appearance on this list is not to be c onstrued as an endorsement by any regulatory agency nor is it any guarantee of the 

performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

280

Revision Date: November 6, 1997

Western Environmental Resources

AES System II

(Large Tanks)

VOLUMETRIC TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD (OVERFILL)

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 98.9% and PFA = 1.1%. 

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Other liquids with known coefficients of expansion and density may be tested after 

consultation with the manufacturer.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 75,000 gallons.

Tank must be minimum 100% full.

Waiting Time: Minimum of 24 hours after delivery.

Between "topping off" and beginning test, waiting time is computer-dictated by realtime analysis of level and temperature data and must be minimum of 1 hour.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during waiting time.

Test Period: Minimum of 4 hours. 

Test data are acquired and recorded by a computer. 

Leak rate is calculated from the last 3 hours of test period data.

There must be no dispensing or delivery during test.

Temperature: Average for product is determined by a minimum of 12 thermistors.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined. If groundwater is above 

bottom of tank, product level must be adjusted to provide a minimum net pressure 

of 2 psi at bottom of the tank during test.

Calibration: Level sensors must be calibrated before each test in accordance with 

manufacturer's instructions.

Thermistors must be checked annually and calibrated if necessary in 

accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Comments: Not evaluated using manifold tank systems.

Western Environmental Resources Evaluator: Ken Wilcox Associates

PO Box 37 Tel: (816) 443-2494

Bakersfield, CA 93302 Date of Evaluation: 02/28/92

Tel: (805) 326-0173
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

281

Revision Date: September 11, 1998

Xerxes Corp.

Xerxes Trucheck Hydrostatic Monitoring System

DOUBLE WALLED TANK TIGHTNESS TEST METHOD

Certification: Leak rate of 0.1 gph with PD = 99% and PFA = 1%.

Leak Threshold: 0.05 gph. A tank system should not be declared tight if the test result indicates a 

loss or gain that equals or exceeds this threshold. 

Applicability: Gasoline, diesel, aviation fuel, fuel oil #4.

Tank Capacity: Maximum of 30,000 gallons.

Tank must be between 0 to 100% full.

Waiting Time: None between delivery and testing.

Test Period: Minimum of 10 hours.

Groundwater: Depth to groundwater in backfill must be determined before and after test.

When groundwater level is above bottom of tank but below top, test should be 

repeated if groundwater level increases by more than 7 inches during test. 

When groundwater level is above tank, test should be repeated if groundwater level 

increases by more than 5 inches during test.

Xerxes Corp. Evaluator: Robert Plunkett, Ph.D.

7901 Xerxes Ave. Tel: (612) 338-0945

Minneapolis, MN 55431 Date of Evaluation: 01/07/93

Tel: (612) 887-1890
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

282

PART III

LEAK DETECTION 

EQUIPMENT/SYSTEMS 

 THIRD PARTY EVALUATIONS 

 UNDER REVIEW

ALPHABETICAL BY VENDOR,

THEN BY TEST METHOD,

FINALLY BY EQUIPMENT/SYSTEM MODEL
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

283

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Test Method Vendor Equipment Model Evaluator/Date of Evaluation

Automatic Tank Gauging 

Method

Centroid Products, Inc. TANKSTIK TKS 8000 System

Version 27

Midwest Research Institute

02/26/99

Bulk Field-Constructed Tank 

Tightness Test Leak 

Detection Method

Coggins Systems, Inc. Leak Manager and Remote Unit 

(RTU/8130)

Ken Wilcox Associates

11/24/98

Liquid-Phase Interstitial 

Detector

Containment Solutions, 

Inc.

FOVF 600B; FOVF 600S; FCBS 

700; FDAS 710; FHRB 810; 

DDAS 910; DCBS 900

Ken Wilcox Associates

06/11/99

Continuous In-Tank Leak 

Detection Method

EBW, Inc. Auto-Stik II Model 960

Auto-Stik Jr., Model 970

Versions 31,37,38

Probe Model 960

Ken Wilcox Associates

In Progress

Continuous In-Tank Leak 

Detection Method

Emco Electronics, Tuthill 

Corp.

EECO System 1000, 1500, 

2000, 3000 and Galaxy 0.2 gph 

Precision Test

(Q0400-4xx Magnetstrictive 

Probe)

Ken Wilcox Associates

01/06/98, 10/21/99, 11/17/99

Bulk Field-Constructed Tank 

Tightness Test Leak 

Detection Method

Engineering Design 

Group, Inc.

EDG XLD 2000 Plus Ken Wilcox Associates

12/22/98

Bulk Field-Constructed Tank 

Tightness Test Leak 

Detection Method

Engineering Design 

Group, Inc.

MCG 8100 ATG Ken Wilcox Associates

07/10/97

Vapor-Phase Out-Of-Tank 

Product Detector

HNU DL-101; HW-101; ISPI-101;

PI-101

Carnegie Mellon Research 

Institute

11/28/91,02/05/92, 03/05/92

Continuous In-Tank Leak 

Detection Method

Incon Intelligent 

Controls, Inc.

TS-1000, TS-1001, TS-2001 Ken Wilcox Associates

In Progress

Continuous In-Tank Leak 

Detection Method

Marley Pump Co. ST Series 1400-1800, FMS, 

ATG, LLM Series and ProLink

ADA Technologies, Inc.

11/17/98

Automatic Mechanical Line 

Leak Detector

Marley Pump Co. Red Jacket Fx1DV, Fx2DV 

Hourly Test, Flexible Pipelines 

with Diesel 

Ken Wilcox Associates

03/11/99

Non-Volumetric Tank 

Tightness Test Method

Mass Tech USA Mass Tech 001 System Ken Wilcox Associates

1996

Liquid-Phase Interstitial 

Detector

Mine Safety Appliances Tankgard and Tankgard VIII 

with Universal Reservoir Sensor

Carnegie Mellon Research 

Institute 

10/16/92

Vapor-Phase Out-Of-Tank 

Product Detector

Mine Safety Appliances Tank-Check Carnegie Mellon Research 

Institute 

05/31/91

Continuous In-Tank Leak 

Detection Method

NESCO (formerly Arizona 

Instrument Corp.)

Encompass CSTT - Ultrasonic 

Probe Access Module

Ken Wilcox Associates

09/18/96
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

284

Revision Date: March 10, 2000

Test Method Vendor Equipment Model Evaluator/Date of Evaluation

Automatic Tank Gauging 

Method (Probe Comparison)

OMNTEC Mfg., Inc. OEL8000 with MFG stick probe 

- Models with 4" plastic, 4" SS 

and 2" SS floats

Ken Wilcox Associates

12/06/99

Automatic Tank Gauging 

Method

Ronan Engineering Co. X-76 CTM Series Monitoring 

System with MTS UST Series 

Magnetostrictive Probe

Ken Wilcox Associates

08/15/99

Automatic Tank Gauging 

Method

Ronan Engineering Co. X-76 CTM Series Monitoring 

System with X76MP Series 

Magnetostrictive Probe

Ken Wilcox Associates

08/15/99

Automatic Tank Gauging 

Method

Ronan Engineering Co. X-76 CTM Series Monitoring 

System with Series 7100 

Magnetostrictive Probe

Ken Wilcox Associates

08/15/99

Automatic Tank Gauging 

Method

Ronan Engineering Co. X-76 CTM Series Monitoring 

System with Veeder-Root 

Models 8463, 8473, 8493 

Magnetostrictive Probes

Ken Wilcox Associates

08/15/99

Non-Volumetric Tank 

Tightness Test Method 

(Vacuum)

Tanknology - NDE U3 Vacuum Ken Wilcox Associates

06/25/96

Line Tightness Test Method United Testing Systems UTS 6000 Midwest Research Institute

12/22/94
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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285

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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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286

PART IV

ACCEPTABLE TEST PROTOCOLS

ALPHABETICAL BY TEST METHOD, 

THEN BY PROTOCOL DATE
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

287

Revision Date: August 23, 1999

Automatic Tank Gauging Method

“Standard Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Automatic Tank Gauging Systems”, 

EPA/530/UST-90/006, March 1990

 “Test Procedures for Comparison of Different ATGS Probes”, Ken Wilcox Associates, August 1999

Bulk Field-Constructed Tank Leak Detection Method

“Alternative Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Evaluation of Bulk Field-constructed 

Tanks”, Ken Wilcox Associates, February 1996

“Protocol for Certification of the ASTTest Mass Balance Leak Detection System”, ASTTest Systems Inc., 

May 1997

Continuous In-Tank Leak Detection Method

“Evaluation Protocol for Continuous In-Tank Leak Detection Systems”, Midwest Research Institute, April 

1995

Large Diameter Pipeline Leak Detector

“Modified Third-Party Testing Protocol for Large Pipeline Leak Detection”, EFA Technologies, Inc., August 

1995

"Proposed Protocol for the Performance Evaluation of the MALT and MALTtm Plus", Ken Wilcox 

Associates, Inc., February 9, 1996

Liquid-Phase Out-of-Tank and Interstitial Product Detectors

“Standard Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Liquid-Phase Out-of-Tank Product 

Detectors”, EPA/530/UST-90/009, March 1990

“Development of Procedures to Assess the Performance of External Leak Detection Devices: LiquidPhase ASTM-Formatted Methods - Revised Draft to Include JP-4 Jet Fuel”, Radian Corporation, 

June 29, 1990

“Test Procedures for Third Party Evaluation Of Leak Detection Methods: Cable Sensor Liquid Contact 

Leak Detection Systems”, Carnegie Mellon Research Institute, November 11, 1991

“Test Procedures for Third Party Evaluation of Leak Detection Methods: Point Sensor Liquid Contact 

Leak Detection Systems”, Carnegie Mellon Research Institute - Advanced Devices and Materials Group, 

November 11, 1991

“Alternative Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Evaluation of Liquid Level Sensors,” 

Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc., September 1996. (Interstitial only.)

Non-Volumetric Tank Tightness Test Method

“Standard Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Non-Volumetric Tank Tightness 

Testing Methods”, EPA/530/UST-90/005, March 1990
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

288

Revision Date: November 14, 1997

Line Tightness Test Method

“Standard Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Pipeline Leak Detection Systems”, 

EPA/530/UST-90/010, September 1990

Pressure/Vacuum Interstitial Monitor

“Alternative Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Evaluation of Vacuum Interstitial 

Monitoring Methods,” Ken Wilcox Associates, Inc., September 1996.

Statistical Inventory Reconciliation Test Method

“Standard Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Statistical Inventory Reconciliation 

Methods”, EPA/530/UST-90/007, June 1990

“Protocol for Determining Applicability of a SIR Method for Manifolded Tanks and Determining Size 

Limitation”, Developed under coordination by the SIR team of the National Work Group on Leak Detection 

Evaluations, November 1996

Vapor-Phase Out-of-Tank Product Detector

“Standard Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Vapor-Phase Out-of-Tank Product 

Detectors”, EPA/530/UST-90/008, March 1990

“Development of Procedures to Assess the Performance of External Leak Detection Devices: VaporPhase ASTM-Formatted Methods”, Radian Corporation, June 6, 1990

“Development of Procedures to Assess the Performance of External Leak Detection Devices: VaporPhase ASTM-Formatted Methods”, Radian Corporation, June 29, 1990

Volumetric Tank Tightness Test Method

“Standard Test Procedures for Evaluating Leak Detection Methods: Volumetric Tank Tightness Testing 

Methods”, EPA/530/UST-90/004, March 1990
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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289

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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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290

PART V

LEAK DETECTION EQUIPMENT 

MAINTENANCE CHECKLISTS
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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291

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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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292

ATG MAINTENANCE CHECKLIST

Magnetostrictive and Ultrasonic Probes

Minimum procedures to be conducted by a qualified service technician.

Has all input wiring been inspected for proper entry and 

termination, including testing for ground faults? 

Yes No 

Have the probe and sensors been checked for visible damage such 

as residue buildup, cracks, or breaks? 1,2

Yes No 

Has the accuracy of the level sensor been tested? 3 Yes No 

Has the accuracy of the water sensor been tested? 4 Yes No 

Has the appropriateness of the high water level alarm setting been 

verified? 5

Yes No 

Are all alarms activated and functioning properly? Yes No 

Comments:

1. Damaged probes must be cleaned or replaced as appropriate. Probes used in heavier products such as waste 

oil should be checked more frequently. Heavier products can leave deposits on the probe shaft and float 

assemblies that may restrict the measurement capacity of the probe.

2. Because the magnetostrictive probe consists of moving parts, its sensors can be damaged by excessive 

frictional wear as well as residue build-up. Residue build-up can affect the weight of the sensor as well as 

inhibit its ability to slide freely along the guide tube. Inaccuracies in the product level measurements could 

indicate a problem with the probe sensors. For additional testing of the probe sensors, perform the following 

test:

a. Remove the probe from the tank and place it carefully on the ground.

b. Place the water sensor flush with the bottom of the probe shaft and place the product float near the 

middle of the probe shaft.

c. Check the height reading on the tank gauge monitor (after allowing sufficient time for the monitor 

to respond).

d. Measure the distance from the bottom of the probe to the bottom of the product float and compare it 

with the reading on the monitor.

3. To test the accuracy of the product sensor:

a. Using the tank console monitor, take an initial fuel level reading.

b. Dispense one gallon of product into a calibrated container.

c. Using the tank console monitor, take a second fuel level reading. 

d. Verify that the change in tank volume is one gallon.

4. To test the accuracy of the water sensor:

a. Remove probe from the tank.

b. By hand, move the water float up the probe to a point higher than the high-water alarm set point. 

c. The monitor should respond with a high water alarm report. (The water height may also appear on the 

tank monitor display console. 

d. Check this height against its actual location.

5. The high water level alarm should not be set so high that water ingress into the tank goes undetected for long 

periods of time.

Disclaimer: This checklist is not intended to tell the technician how to perform the maintenance and system check. 

Technicians should follow manufacturers’ detailed instructions while making sure that all of the items on this 

checklist have been covered.
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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293

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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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294

ATG MAINTENANCE CHECKLIST

Mass Buoyancy Probes

Minimum procedures to be conducted by a qualified service technician.

Has all input wiring been inspected for proper entry and termination, 

including testing for ground faults?

Yes No 

Has the probe been checked for visible damage (such as residue buildup 

or cracks)? 1

Yes No 

Has the battery been tested within the last 3 months? Yes No 

Has the accuracy of the product sensor been tested? 2 Yes No 

Has the accuracy of the water sensor been tested? 3 Yes No 

Has the appropriateness of high-water level alarm setting been verified? 4 Yes No 

Are all alarms activated and functioning properly? Yes No 

Comments:

1. Damaged probes must be cleaned or replaced, as appropriate. The mass displacement probe is very 

susceptible to dirt and residue build-up and should be checked semi-annually and cleaned, if necessary. Mass 

displacement probes used in viscous products such as waste oil should be checked more frequently. Products 

of this type can leave heavy deposits on the probe which may inhibit the accuracy of the probe. Checking a 

reconciliation report and/or manual sticking could verify the system's accuracy.

2. To test the accuracy of the product sensor:

a. Using the tank console monitor, take an initial fuel level reading.

b. Dispense one gallon of product into a calibrated container.

c. Using the tank console monitor, take a second fuel level reading. 

d. Verify that the change in tank volume is one gallon.

3. To test the accuracy of the water sensor: (Note: water sensor is separator from the mass buoyancy probe.)

a. Remove the probe from the tank.

b. By hand, move the water float up the probe to a point higher than the high water limit. 

c. The monitor should respond with a high water alarm. (The water height may also appear on the tank 

monitor display console.) 

d. Check this height against its actual location.

4. The high water level alarm should not be set so high that water ingress into the tank goes undetected for long 

periods of time.

Disclaimer: This checklist is not intended to tell the technician how to perform the maintenance and system check. 

Technicians should follow manufacturer’s detailed instructions while making sure that all of the items on this 

checklist have been covered.
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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296

APPENDIX

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Accuracy:

The degree to which the measured leak rate agrees with the induced leak rate on the average. If a 

system is accurate, it has a very small or zero bias.

Activated:

Refers to the state of a qualitative detector's response when indicating the presence of product.

Bias:

An indication of whether the device’s measured leak rate consistently overestimates (positive bias) or 

underestimates (negative bias) the actual induced leak rate.

Bulk Modulus (of Elasticity):

The ratio of hydrostatic pressure to the relative change it produces in volume.

Continuous Automatic Tank Gauging Method (Continuous ATGS):

These systems use an ATG probe to collect data continually and combine this with software to identify 

time intervals when there is no activity in the tank and the data are stable enough for analysis. An 

algorithm then combines data from a number of such periods until there is enough evidence to make a 

determination about the leak status of the tank. This type of system functions like an ATGS except that 

it does not require that the tank be taken out of service for a set period of several hours whenever a test 

is to be done. Instead, it uses data from shorter stable time periods and combines the results to 

estimate a leak rate and perform a test. The system may default to a standard or shut down ATG test 

(requiring the tank to be out of service for a few hours) at the end of the month if sufficient good quality 

have not been obtained over the month. These systems are designed to meet the monthly monitoring 

performance standard of detecting a leak of 0.20 gallon per hour or 150 gallons per month with 95% 

probability of detection (PD) and 5% probability of false alarm (PFA). They test the tank vessel itself.

Continuous Detector:

Detectors that operate continuously, are always present and are never turned off.

Continuous In-Tank Leak Detection Method (CITLDS):

These systems are designed to allow the tank to operate continuously or nearly continuously without 

interruption for leak detection tests. They typically have some sensors permanently installed in the tank, 

combined with a microprocessor in a console. In addition, they may be connected to the dispensing 

meters, allowing for automatic recording and use of dispensing data. There may also be a provision for 

direct input of data from a keyboard or pad, to allow for entry of delivery receipts.

Currently there are three types of such continuous systems that are reaching the market. These three 

types are referred to as “Continuous ATGS,” “Continual Reconciliation,” and “Automatic Monthly 

Inventory Control.”

Detection time:

The sum of rise time and lag time.

Fall time:

The elapsed time after a detector has responded to a test hydrocarbon and is removed and has 

recovered to 95% of its original baseline level or there is no detectable signal output.
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

regulations.

297

GLOSSARY OF TERMS (Continued)

False Alarm:

Declaring a tank to be leaking when in fact it is tight.

Groundwater:

Water table or water within the excavation around a tank.

Induced Leak Rate:

The actual leak rate, in gallons per hour (gph), used during the evaluation against which the results from 

a given test device will be compared.

Intermittent Detector:

Detectors that monitor on a regular basis. An intermittent detector may be a hand held device that is 

portable or a permanently installed device that is used to periodically test for the presence of product.

Lag Time:

The elapsed time from the detector's first contact with test product to the first detectable signal.

Leak threshold:

The measured leak rate at which the system detects the tank to be leaking. This leak rate will always 

be less than or equal to the leak rate requirement for the various release detection methods given in 40 

CFR § 280 Subpart D-Release Detection. (Please note that some states and other regulatory 

authorities may have different requirements). The minimum leak threshold for declaring a leak is 

experimentally determined from the results of the evaluation of the release detection system.

Lower Detection Limit:

The smallest liquid concentration or level that a detector can reliably detect (PD > 95%, PFA < 5%).

Manifolded tank systems:

Tanks connected by piping that allow the tank system to function as a single tank. A typical manifolded 

tank system usually consists of two tanks connected by a siphon tube that permits the product in the 

tanks to be at the same level while product is being pumped out of only 1 tank.

Minimum Detectable Leak Rate:

The leak rate that can be detected with a Probability of Detection (PD) of 95% and a Probability of False 

Alarm (PFA) of 5%. The minimum threshold is calculated setting the PFA at 5%. For a PD of 95%, the 

leak rate is then equal to twice the threshold that gives a PFA of 5% assuming the bias is not significant. 

Measured Leak Rate:

A positive number in gallons per hour (gph), measured by test device that indicates the amount of 

product leaking out of the tank system. A negative number would indicate that something was being 

added to the tank. The performance of a system is based on how well the measured leak rate 

compares to the actual induced leak rate.

MER:

The Maximum Effective Range, the longest length of sensor cables and/or jumper cables that can be 

connected to form a leak detection network.

N/A:

Not Applicable
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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298

GLOSSARY OF TERMS (Continued)

N/D:

Not Determined

N/R:

No Response

Net Pressure:

In this document this term refers to a pressure difference between the pressure in the tank and the 

pressure related to the groundwater. If the net pressure is positive, the pressure in the tank is greater 

than that due to groundwater. If net pressure is negative, the pressure in the tank is less than that due 

to groundwater.

Nominal Leak Rate:

The set or target leak rate to be achieved as closely as possible during the evaluation of a leak 

detection system. It is a positive number expressed in gallons per hour (gph).

Precision:

The degree of agreement of repeated measurements of the same parameter. Precision estimates

reflect random error and are not affected by bias.

Pressure:

In this document this term refers to a pressure which is at or above atmospheric. Any pressure reading 

at or above atmospheric is listed as positive; any pressure reading less than atmospheric (vacuum) is 

listed as negative.

Probability of Detection (PD):

The probability of detecting a leak of a given size, usually expressed as a percentage.

Probability of False Alarm (PFA):

The probability of declaring a tank to be leaking when it is tight, usually expressed as a percentage.

Probe:

A component of a detection system that must come into contact with product before product can be 

declared or measured.

Product Activation Height:

The minimum height of liquid required to cause sensor activation (this value does not have to meet the

PD > 95%, PFA < 5% criteria). 

Qualitative Responses:

The type of detector response that indicates only the presence or absence of product without 

determining the specific product concentration or thickness.

Quantitative Response:

A type of detector response that quantifies the concentration or thickness of product present.

Relative Accuracy:

A function of systematic error, or bias, and random error, or precision. Smaller values indicate better 

accuracy. See entry for “Accuracy.”
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performance of the method or equipment. Equipment should be installed and operated in accordance with all applicable laws and 

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299

GLOSSARY OF TERMS (Continued)

Resolution:

The smallest change in the quantity being measured which the measurement system is capable of 

detecting.

Response Time:

A general term that refers to the more specific terms of lag time, rise time, and fall time.

Rise Time:

The elapsed time from a detector's first detectable signal in response to the presence of product to an 

output that is 95% of full scale for a quantitative detector or activated for a qualitative detector.

Statistical Inventory Reconciliation (SIR), In-House System:

Data gathered and input by owner or operator. System does analysis. If analysis presents problems, 

technical support and analysis are available from vendor or vendor representative. 

Statistical Inventory Reconciliation (SIR), Stand Alone System:

No human interface required. Data gathered and analyzed automatically without owner/operator input.

Specificity:

Specificity applies to vapor and liquid sensors and lists products or components of products that these 

sensors can detect. Specificity for quantitative sensors is the ratio of sensor output, or measured 

concentration, to the actual concentration of hydrocarbon test gas expressed as a percentage. 

Specificity for qualitative sensors is reported as activated if the sensor responds within 24 hours. 

Otherwise, specificity is reported as inactivated.

Total Pressure:

In this document this term equals the sum of the pressure in ullage space and the pressure due to 

product head.

Ullage:

The un-wetted portion of the tank, i.e. that portion of the tank not in contact with product.

Vacuum:

In this document this term refers to any pressure that is less than atmospheric.