Mojave Desert 

Air Quality Management District 

Final 

Staff Report 

Amendments to 

Rule 1116 – Automotive Refinishing Operations 

Adopted on 

August 23, 2010 

14306 PARK AVE, VICTORVILLE, CA 92392-2310 

PHONE: (760) 245-1661 

FAX: (760) 245-2699 
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MDAQMD Rule 1116 TC-1 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

STAFF REPORT 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Rule 1116 – Automotive Refinishing Operations

I. PURPOSE OF STAFF REPORT ............................................................................................ 1 

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................... 1 

III. STAFF RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................. 1 

IV. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST ............................................................................ 3 

V. DISCUSSION OF LEGAL REQUIREMENTS..................................................................... 4 

A. REQUIRED ELEMENTS/FINDINGS............................................................................... 4 

1. State Findings Required for Adoption of Rules & Regulations ..................................... 4 

a. Necessity..................................................................................................................... 4 

b. Authority..................................................................................................................... 4 

c. Clarity ......................................................................................................................... 4 

d. Consistency................................................................................................................. 4 

e. Non-duplication .......................................................................................................... 5 

f. Reference .................................................................................................................... 5 

g. Public Notice & Comment, Public Hearing................................................................ 5 

2. Federal Elements (SIP Submittals, Other Federal Submittals)....................................... 5 

a. Satisfaction of Underlying Federal Requirements...................................................... 5 

b. Public Notice and Comment ....................................................................................... 6 

c. Availability of Document ........................................................................................... 6 

d. Notice to Specified Entities ........................................................................................ 6 

e. Public Hearing ............................................................................................................ 6 

f. Legal Authority to Adopt and Implement................................................................... 6 

g. Applicable State Laws and Regulations Were Followed............................................ 6 

B. WRITTEN ANALYSIS OF EXISTING REQUIREMENTS ............................................ 7 

C. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS .................................................................................................. 7 

1. General............................................................................................................................ 7 

2. Incremental Cost Effectiveness....................................................................................... 7 

D. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS (CEQA)....................................................................... 7 

E. SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS..................................................... 8 

1. Potential Environmental Impacts.................................................................................... 8 

2. Mitigation of Impacts...................................................................................................... 8

3. Alternative Methods of Compliance............................................................................... 8 

F. PUBLIC REVIEW.............................................................................................................. 8

VI. TECHNICAL DISCUSSION ................................................................................................ 9 

A. SOURCE DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................. 9 

B. EMISSIONS ....................................................................................................................... 9 

C. CONTROL REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................................... 9 

D. PROPOSED RULE SUMMARY....................................................................................... 9 

E. SIP HISTORY .................................................................................................................. 10 

1. SIP History.................................................................................................................... 10 

2. SIP Analysis.................................................................................................................. 10 

Appendix A - Iterated Version.................................................................................................... A-1 
TC-2 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

Appendix B - Public Notice Documents..................................................................................... B-1 

Appendix C - Public Comments and Responses......................................................................... C-1 

Appendix D - California Environmental Quality Act Documentation ....................................... D-1 

Appendix E - Bibliography..........................................................................................................E-1 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

STAFF REPORT 

Rule 1116 – Automotive Refinishing Operations 

I. PURPOSE OF STAFF REPORT 

A staff report serves several discrete purposes. Its primary purpose is to provide a summary and 

background material to the members of the Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District 

Governing Board (Governing Board). This allows the members of the Governing Board to be 

fully informed before making any required decision. It also provides the documentation 

necessary for the Governing Board to make any findings, which are required by law to be made 

prior to the approval or adoption of a document. In addition, a staff report ensures that the 

correct procedures and proper documentation for approval or adoption of a document have been 

performed. Finally, the staff report provides evidence for defense against legal challenges 

regarding the propriety of the approval or adoption of the document. 

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

Rule 1116 - Automotive Refinishing Operations, was originally adopted on 03/02/92 to satisfy 42 

U.S.C. §§7511a (Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) §182) which requires that ozone non-attainment 

areas implement RACT for sources that are subject to Control Techniques Guidelines (CTGs) 

and Alternative Control Technologies (ACTs) for major sources of ozone precursors. 

Consequently, Rule 1116 was originally submitted to United States Environmental Protection 

Agency (USEPA) as a revision of the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The rule has been 

amended four times since its adoption to incorporate the RACT requirements as products became 

available to meet more stringent requirements. 

Rule 1116 regulates emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) from coating operations 

of motor vehicle and mobile equipment. Rule 1116 applies to both commercial and 

noncommercial refinishing coating applications that include, but are not limited to, auto body 

repair/paint shops, production auto body paint shops, new car dealer repair/paint shops, fleet 

operators repair/paint shops, custom-made car fabrication facilities, truck body builders, and any 

other motor vehicle or mobile equipment painting operations. The current rule establishes VOC 

limits by coating category and vehicle type. 

Rule 1116 was proposed for amendment to correct the typographical error made on the 06/28/10 

amendment. The VOC limits contained in the previous version (04/26/99) were intended to be 

continued in effect until the new VOC limits generated from the SCM become effective on 

07/01/11. The prior limits were inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action 

restores the prior VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when the new limits, as adopted on 

06/28/10, become applicable. 

III. STAFF RECOMMENDATION 

Staff recommended that the Governing Board adopt the proposed amendments to Rule 1116 and 

approve the appropriate California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) documentation. This 
2 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

action is necessary to correct the typographical error made on the 06/28/10 amendment. The 

VOC limits contained in the previous version (04/26/99) were intended to be continued in effect 

until the new VOC limits generated from the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior 

limits were inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action restores the prior 

VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when the new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become 

applicable. 

The Mojave Desert AQMD Governing Board approved the amendments to Rule 1116 on 

08/23/10. 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 3 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

IV. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST 

The findings and analysis as indicated below are required for the procedurally correct 

amendments to Rule 1116 – Automotive Refinishing Operations. Each item is discussed, if 

applicable, in Section V. Copies of related documents are included in the appropriate 

appendices. 

FINDINGS REQUIRED FOR 

RULES & REGULATIONS:

 X Necessity 

 X Authority 

 X Clarity 

 X Consistency 

 X Nonduplication 

 X Reference 

 X Public Notice & Comment 

 X Public Hearing 

REQUIREMENTS FOR STATE 

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 

SUBMISSION (SIP): 

 X Public Notice & Comment 

 X Availability of Document 

 X Notice to Specified Entities (State, Air 

Districts, USEPA, Other States) 

 X Public Hearing 

 X Legal Authority to adopt and implement the 

document. 

 X Applicable State laws and regulations were 

followed. 

ELEMENTS OF A FEDERAL 

SUBMISSION:

N/A Elements as set forth in applicable Federal 

law or regulations. 

CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 

ACT REQUIREMENTS (CEQA):

N/A Ministerial Action 

N/A Exemption 

 X Negative Declaration 

N/A Environmental Impact Report 

 X Appropriate findings, if necessary. 

 X Public Notice & Comment 

SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL 

ANALYSIS (RULES & REGULATIONS ONLY):

 X Environmental impacts of compliance. 

 N/A Mitigation of impacts. 

 N/A Alternative methods of compliance. 

OTHER: 

 X Written analysis of existing air pollution 

control requirements 

 X Economic Analysis 

 X Public Review 
4 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

V. DISCUSSION OF LEGAL REQUIREMENTS 

A. REQUIRED ELEMENTS/FINDINGS 

This section discusses the state of California statutory requirements that apply to the 

amendments to Rule 1116. These are actions that need to be performed and/or 

information that must be provided in order to amend the rule in a procedurally correct 

manner. 

1. State Findings Required for Adoption of Rules & Regulations: 

Before adopting, amending, or repealing a rule or regulation, the Governing 

Board is required to make findings of necessity, authority, clarity, consistency, 

non-duplication, and reference based upon relevant information presented at the 

hearing. The information below is provided to assist the Governing Board in 

making these findings. 

a. Necessity: 

The amendments to Rule 1116 are necessary to correct the 

typographical error made on the 06/28/10 amendment. The VOC 

limits contained in the previous version (04/26/99) were intended 

to be continued in effect until the new VOC limits generated from 

the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior limits were 

inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action 

restores the prior VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when 

the new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become applicable. 

b. Authority: 

The District has the authority pursuant to California H&S Code 

§40702 to adopt, amend or repeal rules and regulations. 

c. Clarity: 

The amendments to Rule 1116 are clear in that they are written so 

that the persons subject to the rule can easily understand the 

meaning. 

d. Consistency: 

The amendments to Rule 1116 are in harmony with, and not in 

conflict with or contradictory to any state law or regulation, federal 

law or regulation, or court decisions because they to correct the 

typographical error made on the 06/28/10 amendment. The VOC 

limits contained in the previous version (04/26/99) were intended 

to be continued in effect until the new VOC limits generated from 

the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior limits were 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 5 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action 

restores the prior VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when 

the new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become applicable. 

e. Non-duplication: 

The amendments to Rule 1116 do not impose the same 

requirements as any existing state or federal law or regulation 

because the District is adopting this rule to correct the 

typographical error made on the 06/28/10 amendment. The VOC 

limits contained in the previous version (04/26/99) were intended 

to be continued in effect until the new VOC limits generated from 

the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior limits were 

inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action 

restores the prior VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when 

the new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become applicable. 

f. Reference: 

The District has the authority pursuant to H&S Code §40702 to 

adopt, amend or repeal rules and regulations. The amendments to 

Rule1116 correct the typographical error made on the 06/28/10 

amendment. The VOC limits contained in the previous version 

(04/26/99) were intended to be continued in effect until the new 

VOC limits generated from the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. 

The prior limits were inadvertently removed due to typographical 

error. This action restores the prior VOC limits to be effective until 

07/01/11 when the new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become 

applicable. 

g. Public Notice & Comment, Public Hearing: 

Notice for the public hearing for the proposed amendments to Rule 

1116 was published on 07/23/10. See Appendix “B” for a copy of 

the public notice. See Appendix “C” for copies of comments, if any, 

and District responses. 

2. Federal Elements (SIP Submittals, Other Federal Submittals). 

Submittals to USEPA are required to include various elements depending upon 

the type of document submitted and the underlying federal law that requires the 

submittal. The information below indicates which elements are required for the 

amendments of Rule 1116 and how they were satisfied. 

a. Satisfaction of Underlying Federal Requirements: 

The FCAA requires areas designated non-attainment and classified 

moderate and above to implement RACT for sources subject to 
6 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

CTG and ACT documents issued by USEPA for major sources of 

VOCs and oxides of nitrogen (NOX) which are ozone precursors. 

The 06/28/10 amendment of Rule 1116 satisfied that requirement 

and was to be submitted into the SIP. The present action restores 

the prior (04/26/99) VOC limits to be effective until the new VOC 

limits are applicable on 07/01/11 and thus will also need to be 

submitted as a SIP revision so that the SIP may adequately reflect 

the current rule version. 

b. Public Notice and Comment: 

Notice for the public hearing for the proposed amendments to Rule 

1116 will be published 07/23/10. See Appendix “B” for a copy of 

the public notice. See Appendix “C” for copies of comments, if 

any, and District responses. 

c. Availability of Document: 

Copies of the proposed amendments to Rule 1116 and the 

accompanying draft staff report were made available to the public 

on 07/22/10. 

d. Notice to Specified Entities: 

Copies of the proposed amendments to Rule 1116 and the 

accompanying draft staff report were made available to all affected 

agencies on 07/22/10. The proposed rule amendment and staff 

report were sent to CARB and USEPA on 07/22/10. 

e. Public Hearing: 

A public hearing to consider the proposed amendments to Rule 

1116 was held on 08/23/10. 

f. Legal Authority to Adopt and Implement: 

The District has the authority pursuant to H&S Code §40702 to 

adopt, amend, or repeal rules and regulations and to do such acts as 

may be necessary or proper to execute the duties imposed upon the 

District. 

g. Applicable State Laws and Regulations Were Followed: 

Public notice and hearing procedures pursuant to H&S Code 

§§40725-40728 have been followed. See Section (V)(A)(1) above 

for compliance with state findings required pursuant to H&S Code 

§40727. See Section (V)(B) below for compliance with the 

required analysis of existing requirements pursuant to H&S Code 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 7 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

§40727.2. See Section (V)(C) for compliance with economic 

analysis requirements pursuant to H&S Code §40920.6. See 

Section (V)(D) below for compliance with provisions of the 

California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). 

B. WRITTEN ANALYSIS OF EXISTING REQUIREMENTS 

H&S Code §40727.2 requires air districts to prepare a written analysis of all existing 

federal air pollution control requirements that apply to the same equipment or source type 

as the rule proposed for modification by the District. 

The FCAA requires areas designated non-attainment and classified moderate and above 

to implement RACT for sources subject to CTG and ACT documents issued by USEPA 

for major sources of VOC and NOX which are ozone precursors. The 06/28/10 version 

of the rule implemented this requirement. However, the action on 06/28/10 

inadvertently removed the previous VOC limits without replacement prior to the new 

limit effective date of 07/01/11. This action reinstates the previous version (04/26/99) 

VOC limits to avoid a gap in regulatory requirements. Since the previous VOC limits 

were also required to implement previous state and federal requirements, no further 

analysis is necessary. 

C. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 

1. General 

The amendment to Rule 1116 is only necessary to correct the typographical error 

made on the 06/28/10 amendment. The VOC limits contained in the previous 

version (04/26/99) were intended to be continued in effect until the new VOC 

limits generated from the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior limits 

were inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action restores the 

prior VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when the new limits, as adopted 

on 06/28/10, become applicable. 

2. Incremental Cost Effectiveness 

Pursuant to H&S Code §40920.6, incremental cost effectiveness calculations are 

required for rules and regulations which are adopted or amended to meet the 

California Clean Air Act requirements for Best Available Retrofit Control 

Technology (BARCT) or “all feasible measures” to control emissions of VOC, 

NOX or oxides of sulfur (SOX). 

The amendments to Rule 1116 are not subject to incremental cost effectiveness 

calculations because this rule does not impose BARCT or “all feasible measures”. 

D. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS (CEQA) 

Through the process described below the appropriate CEQA process for the amendments 

to Rule 1116 was determined. 
8 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

1. The amendments to Rule 1116 meet the CEQA definition of “project”. 

They are not “ministerial” actions. 

2. The amendment of Rule 1116 is exempt from CEQA review because it 

will not create any adverse impacts on the environment. The amendments 

to Rule 1116 are necessary to correct the typographical error made on the 

06/28/10 amendment. The VOC limits contained in the previous version 

(04/26/99) were intended to be continued in effect until the new VOC 

limits generated from the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior 

limits were inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action 

restores the prior VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when the new 

limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become applicable. Facilities subject to 

the rule were complying with the 04/26/99 rule version VOC limits. The 

District has not noted any non-compliance with the former limits during 

the period immediately after the 06/28/10 adoption. Reinstating the 

former (04/26/99 version) VOC limits for the period prior to the new limit 

applicability date should not have any adverse environmental effects are 

foreseen from the amendments. Copies of the documents relating to 

CEQA can be found in Appendix “D”. 

E. SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 

1. Potential Environmental Impacts 

There are no potential adverse environmental impacts of compliance with 

the adoption of Rule 1116. The amendments to correct the typographical 

error made on the 06/28/10 amendment. The VOC limits contained in the 

previous version (04/26/99) were intended to be continued in effect until 

the new VOC limits generated from the SCM become effective on 

07/01/11. The prior limits were inadvertently removed due to 

typographical error. This action restores the prior VOC limits to be 

effective until 07/01/11 when the new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, 

become applicable. Facilities subject to the rule were complying with the 

04/26/99 rule version VOC limits. The District has not noted any noncompliance with the former limits during the period immediately after the 

06/28/10 adoption. Reinstating the former (04/26/99 version) VOC limits 

for the period prior to the new limit applicability date should therefore 

have no economic impact. 

2. Mitigation of Impacts 

N/A 

3. Alternative Methods of Compliance 

N/A 

F. PUBLIC REVIEW 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 9 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

See Staff Report Subsections (V)(A)(1)(g) and (2)(b), as well as, Appendix “B” 

VI. TECHNICAL DISCUSSION 

A. SOURCE DESCRIPTION 

Rule 1116 is aimed at automotive refinishing operations, and those which manufacture, 

distribute, and sell automotive coatings. Specifically, this rule will be applicable to any 

person who uses, applies, or solicits the use or application of any automotive coating or 

associated solvent within the District, and also, any person who supplies, sells, offers for 

sale, manufacturer’s, or distributes any automotive coating or associated solvent within 

the District. 

B. EMISSIONS 

The amendments to Rule 1116 do not cause the release of additional air contaminants, or 

create any adverse environmental impacts because they correct the typographical error 

made on the 06/28/10 amendment. The VOC limits contained in the previous version 

(04/26/99) were intended to be continued in effect until the new VOC limits generated 

from the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior limits were inadvertently 

removed due to typographical error. This action restores the prior VOC limits to be 

effective until 07/01/11 when the new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become applicable. 

C. CONTROL REQUIREMENTS 

This action restores prior VOC limits to be effective until the new VOC limits are 

applicable on 07/01/11. Controls in place at facilities prior to the 06/28/10 amendment 

will remain in place until the new VOC limits as listed in subsection (C)(1) under Table I 

take effect on 07/01/11. 

D. PROPOSED RULE SUMMARY 

This section gives a brief overview of the amendments to Rule 1116. The iterated rule 

version is contained in Appendix “A” of this staff report. 

The amendments to Rule 1116 correct the typographical error made on the 06/28/10 

amendment. The VOC limits contained in the previous version (04/26/99) were intended 

to be continued in effect until the new VOC limits generated from the SCM become 

effective on 07/01/11. The prior limits were inadvertently removed due to typographical 

error. This action restores the prior VOC limits to be effective until 07/01/11 when the 

new limits, as adopted on 06/28/10, become applicable. 

Table 2 under section (C)(1)(a) has been added to reinstate the VOC limits of the 

04/26/99 version of rule which were inadvertently removed in the 06/28/10 amendment 

due to typographical error. 

The “(1)” reference from the “(CFR) 51.100(s)(1)” citation from definition B(18), 

“Exempt Compounds” was removed. This aligns District regulation with the entire 
10 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

section of 40 CFR 51.100, both recognizing TBAc as an exempt compound, but not 

exempt from VOC recordkeeping, emissions reporting, photochemical dispersion 

modeling, and inventory requirements. This satisfies both the industry’s need to produce 

TBAc products while implementing USEPA regulative requirements. 

E. SIP HISTORY 

1. SIP History 

The San Bernardino County Air Pollution Control District (SBCAPCD) originally 

adopted Rule 1116 on 03/02/99. On 07/01/93 the MDAQMD was formed 

pursuant to statute. Pursuant to statute it also retained all the rules and regulations 

of the SBCAPCD until such time as the Governing Board of the MDAQMD 

wished to adopt, amend or rescind such rules. The MDAQMD Governing Board, 

at its very first meeting, reaffirmed all the rules and regulations of the SBCAPCD. 

One of the provisions of the legislation which created the MDAQMD allowed 

areas contiguous to the MDAQMD boundaries and within the same air basin to 

leave their current air district and become a part of the MDAQMD. On July 1, 

1994 the area commonly known as the Palo Verde Valley in Riverside County, 

including the City of Blythe, left SCAQMD and joined the MDAQMD. 

Since SIP revisions in California are adopted by USEPA as effective in areas 

which happen to be defined by both air basin designations and the jurisdictional 

boundaries of local air districts within those air basins, the MDAQMD “inherited” 

the SBCAPCD SIP which was in effect for what is now called the San Bernardino 

County Portion of MDAB. Upon annexation of the Blythe/Palo Verde Valley the 

MDAQMD acquired the SIP prior to 07/01/94 that was effective in the 

Blythe/Palo Verde Valley1. The MDAQMD subsequently amended Rule 1116 

on 06/22/94, 02/22/95, and 04/26/99. The 04/26/99 amendments to Rule 1116 

were submitted and approved into the SIP on 04/10/00 (65 FR 18901) and is the 

current version of the rule in the SIP for the entire MDAQMD jurisdiction 

replacing both prior SIP versions. 

2. SIP Analysis 

The District will request CARB to submit the amendments to Rule 1116 to 

replace the SIP version in effect in the MDAQMD. This submission is necessary 

because the District wishes to update the SIP for this category. 

Since there is a previously existing SIP rule for this category the District will 

request that it be superseded. In order to replace existing SIP rules the District is 

required to show that the amendments are not less stringent than the provisions 

 

1

 Upon annexation of the Blythe Palo Verde Valley the analogous SCAQMD was Rule 1151 – Motor Vehicle and 

Mobile Equipment Non-Assembly Line Coating Operations as amended on September 6, 1991. That version 

received SIP limited approval/limited disapproval on December 20, 1993 (58 FR 66286) and therefore was in the 

SIP for Riverside County. 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 11 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

currently in the SIP. The 06/28/10 version of Rule 1116 is more stringent than the 

provisions currently in the SIP because rule applicability is expanded in 

accordance with the SCM; definitions are updated to make the rule more 

comprehensive, reflect the current applicability of the rule, and provide additional 

clarity; VOC limits for various categories of coatings and solvent coating 

operations have been modified in accordance with the SCM; work practice 

requirements have been added; and, the monitoring and recordkeeping, and test 

method sections have been strengthened. Concurrently with the amendments 

generated from the SCM, the revision of Rule 1116 also includes amendments 

generated from Subpart HHHHHH and the ATCM which consists of labeling, 

monitoring, and record requirements for the targeted hazardous air pollutants of 

Subpart HHHHHH, and prohibits the manufacture, sell, offering for sale, 

distribution for use in the District, and/or application of automotive coatings 

which contain cadmium or hexavalent chromium. This includes those coatings in 

which cadmium or hexavalent chromium was introduced as a pigment or as an 

agent to impart any property or characteristic to the coatings during 

manufacturing, distribution, or use of the applicable coatings as defined by the 

ATCM. 

In this amendment to Rule 1116, the provisions will remain identical to those of 

the 06/28/10 adopted version with the exception of an additional table of VOC 

limits from the 04/26/99 version. The VOC limits contained in the 04/26/99 

version of Rule 1116 were intended to be continued in effect until the new VOC 

limits generated from the SCM become effective on 07/01/11. The prior limits 

were inadvertently removed due to typographical error. This action restores the 

prior VOC limits to be effective until the new VOC limits are applicable on 

07/01/11. 

MDAQMD Rule 1116 A-1

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

Appendix “A” 

Rule 1116 - Automotive Refinishing Operations Iterated Version 

The iterated version is provided so that the changes to an existing rule may be easily found. The 

manner of differentiating text is as follows: 

1. Underlined text identifies new or revised language. 

2. Lined out text identifies language which is being deleted. 

3. Normal text identifies the current language of the rule which will remain unchanged by 

the adoption of the proposed amendments. 

4. [Bracketed italicized text] is explanatory material that is not part of the proposed 

language. It is removed once the proposed amendments are adopted. 
A-2 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10

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(Adopted: 03/02/92; Amended: 06/22/94; Amended: 02/22/95; 

Amended: 04/26/99; Amended: 06/28/10; Amended: mm/dd/yy) 

MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-1 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

RULE 1116 

 Automotive Refinishing Operations 

(A) General

(1) Purpose 

(a) The purpose of this rule is to limit the emission of Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) from Coatings associated with the Refinishing of 

Motor Vehicles, Mobile Equipment and their Associated Parts and 

Components. It also limits the VOC emissions from Solvent cleaning, 

storage, and disposal associated with such operations. 

(2) Applicability 

(a) This rule is applicable to: 

(i) Any Person who uses, applies, or, solicits the use or application of 

any Automotive Coating or associated Solvent within the District. 

(ii) Any Person who supplies, sells, offers for sale, manufactures, or 

distributes any Automotive Coating or associated Solvent for use 

within the District. 

(B) Definitions 

For the purposes of this rule, the following definitions apply: 

(1) “Additive”- Any substance added in small quantities to another substance in order 

to increase volume and/or change the physical properties of the mixture. 

(2) “Adhesion Promoter”- A Coating which is labeled and formulated to be applied to 

uncoated plastic surfaces to facilitate bonding of subsequent Coatings, and on 

which, a subsequent Coating is applied. 

(3) “Aerosol Coating Product”- A pressurized Coating product containing pigments 

or resins that dispenses product ingredients by means of a propellant, and is 

packaged in a disposable can for hand-held applications, or for use in specialized 

equipment for ground traffic/marking applications. 

(4) “Air Pollution Control Officer (APCO)”- The Person appointed by the Air 

Pollution Control Board and assigned full time to manage and direct the business 

and operations of the District. The Air Pollution Control Officer is also the 

Executive Director, and is that Person described for state purposes as the Air 

Pollution Control Officer. 
1116-2 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

(5) “Assembly Line”- An arrangement of industrial equipment and workers in which 

the product passes from one specialized operation to another until complete by 

either automatic or manual means. 

(6) “Associated Parts and Components”- Structures, devices, pieces, modules, 

sections, assemblies, subassemblies, or elements of Motor Vehicles or Mobile 

Equipment that are designed to be part of Motor Vehicles or Mobile Equipment 

but which are not attached to Motor Vehicles or Mobile Equipment at the time of 

coating the structure, device, piece, module, section, assembly, subassembly, or 

element. The Associated Parts and Components definition does not include 

circuit boards. 

(7) “Automotive Coating”- Any coating or Automotive Coating Component, used or 

recommended for use, in Motor Vehicle or Mobile Equipment Refinishing, 

service, maintenance, repair, restoration, or modification, except metal plating 

activities. Any reference to automotive Refinishing or Automotive Coating made 

by a Person, on the container, or in product literature constitutes a 

recommendation for use in Motor Vehicle or Mobile Equipment Refinishing. 

(8) “Automotive Coating Component”- Any portion of a coating, including, but not 

limited to, a Reducer or thinner, toner, hardener, and Additive, which is 

recommended by any Person to distributors or end-users, for use in an 

Automotive Coating, or which is supplied for or used in an Automotive Coating. 

The raw materials used to produce the components are not considered Automotive 

Coating Components. 

(9) “Automotive Refinishing Facility”- Any shop, business, location, or parcel of 

land where Motor Vehicles or Mobile Equipment or their Associated Parts and 

Components are coated, including autobody collision repair shops. Automotive 

Refinishing Facility does not include the Original Equipment Manufacturing 

(OEM) plant where the Motor Vehicle or Mobile Equipment is completely 

assembled. 

(10) “Catalyst”- A substance whose presence initiates/enhances the reaction between 

chemical compounds. 

(11) “Cleaning Operations”- The removal of loosely held uncured adhesives, inks, 

Coatings, or contaminants, including, but not limited to, dirt, soil, or grease, from 

Motor Vehicles, Mobile Equipment, Associated Parts and Components, 

substrates, parts, products, tools, machinery, equipment, or general work areas. 

(12) “Clear Coating”- Any coating that contains no pigments and is labeled and 

formulated for application over a Color Coating or Clear Coating.

(13) “Coating”- Any material which is applied to a surface and which forms a film in 

order to beautify, preserve, repair, and/or protect such surface.
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-3 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

(14) “Color Coating”- Any pigmented Coating, excluding Adhesion Promoters, 

Primers, and Multi-color Coatings, that requires a subsequent Clear Coating and 

which is applied over a Primer or Adhesion Promoter. Color Coatings include 

metallic/iridescent Color Coatings. 

(15) “District”- The Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District. The 

geographical area of which is described in Mojave Desert Air Quality 

Management District Rule 103. 

(16) “Electrostatic Application”- Any method of spray application of coatings where 

an electrostatic attraction is created between the part to be coated and the paint 

particles. 

(17) “Emission Control System”- Any combination of capture systems and control 

devices used to reduce VOC emissions from Automotive Coating operations. 

(18) “Exempt Compounds”- Those compounds listed in 40 Code of Federal Regulation 

(CFR) 51.100(s)(1). 

(19) “Finish”- The Coating of incomplete vehicles, their parts and components, or 

Mobile Equipment for which the original Coating was not applied from an 

Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) plant Coating Assembly Line. 

(20) “Grams of VOC per Liter of Coating Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds”- 

The weight of VOC per combined volume of VOC and Coating solids is 

calculated by the following equation: 

 

M W ES

S W ES

VOC LoC V V V

W W W G  

  / 

Where: 

GVOC/LoC = Grams VOC per Liter of Coating Less Water and 

Exempt Compounds 

WS = weight of volatile compounds in grams 

WW = weight of water in grams 

WES = weight of Exempt Compounds in grams 

VM = volume of material in liters 

VW = volume of water in liters 

VES = volume of Exempt Compounds in liters 

(21) “Grams of VOC per Liter of Material”- The weight of VOC per volume of 

material and shall be calculated by the following equation: 

 

M

S W ES

VOC LoM V

W W W G   /  
1116-4 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

 

 Where: 

GVOC/LoM = Grams VOC per Liter of Material 

WS = weight of volatile compounds in grams 

WW = weight of water in grams 

WES = weight of exempt compounds in grams 

VM = volume of material in liters 

(22) “Group II Exempt Compounds”- Compounds that are restricted because they are 

either toxic, potentially toxic, upper-atmosphere ozone depleters, or cause other 

environmental impacts. These compounds are listed as follows: 

 methylene chloride (dichloromethane) 

 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) 

 Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) 

 dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) 

 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113) 

 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (CFC-114) 

 chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115) 

 cyclic, branched, or linear, completely methylated siloxanes 

 (VMS) 

 tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) 

 ethylfluoride (HFC-161) 

 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa) 

 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ca) 

 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ea) 

 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245eb) 

 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa) 

 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea) 

 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) 

 chlorofluoromethane (HCFC-31) 

 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) 

 1 chloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-151a)

(23) “High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) Spray”- Spray equipment permanently 

labeled as such and which is designed and operated between 0.1 and 10 pounds 

per square inch, gauge, (psig) air atomizing pressure, measured dynamically at the 

center of the air cap and at the air horns. 

(24) “Metallic/Iridescent Color Coating”- Any Coating which contains more than 5 

grams per liter (0.042 pounds per gallon) of metal or iridescent particles, as 

applied, where such particles are visible in the dried film. 

(25) “Mobile Equipment”- Any equipment or device which may be drawn, or is 

capable of being driven, on rails or a roadway including, but not limited to, trains, 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-5 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

railcars, truck bodies, truck trailers, utility bodies, camper shells, mobile cranes, 

bulldozers, street cleaners, and implements of husbandry or agriculture. 

(26) “Motor Vehicle”- Any self-propelled vehicle, including, but not limited to cars, 

trucks, buses, golf carts, vans, motorcycles, tanks, and armored personnel carriers. 

(27) “Multi-color Coating”- Any Coating that exhibits more than one color in the dried 

film after a single application, is packaged in a single container, and hides surface 

defects on areas of heavy use, and which is applied over a Primer or Adhesion 

Promoter.

(28) “Person” - Shall have the same meaning as defined in the California Health and 

Safety Code §39047.

(29) “Pretreatment Coating”- Any Coating that contains a minimum of one-half (0.5) 

percent acid by weight, and not more than 16 percent solids by weight, necessary 

to provide surface etching and is labeled and formulated for application directly to 

bare metal surfaces to provide corrosion resistance and adhesion. 

(30) “Primer”- Any Coating which is labeled and formulated for application to a 

substrate to provide: 

(a) A bond between the substrate and subsequent coats; 

(b) Corrosion resistance; 

(c) A smooth substrate surface; or 

(d) Resistance to penetration of subsequent coats, and on which a subsequent 

 Coating is applied. Primers may be pigmented. 

(31) “Primer Sealer”- Any Coating which is labeled and formulated for application 

prior to the application of a Color Coating for the purpose of color uniformity, 

and to promote the ability of an undercoat to resist penetration by the Color 

Coating. 

(32) “Reducer”- The Solvent used to thin enamel. 

(33) “Refinishing”- Any Coating of Motor Vehicles, their Associated Parts and 

Components, or Mobile Equipment, including partial body collision repairs, for 

the purpose of protection or beautification and which is subsequent to the original 

Coating applied at an original equipment manufacturing (OEM) plant Coating 

Assembly Line. 

(34) “Single-stage Coating”- Any pigmented Coating, excluding Primers, and Multicolor Coatings, labeled and formulated for application without a subsequent clear 

coat. Single-stage coatings include Single-stage Metallic/Iridescent Coating. 
1116-6 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

(35) “Solvent”- a VOC-containing fluid used to perform cleaning operations, primarily 

for the conditioning of a surface to receive a Coating or in Cleaning Operations. 

(36) “Spot Repair”- Repair of an area on a Motor Vehicle, piece of Mobile Equipment, 

or Associated Parts or Components of less than 1 square foot (929 square 

centimeters).

(37) “Stripping”- The use of Solvent to remove material such as cured adhesives, 

cured inks, cured or dried paint, cured or dried paint residue, or Temporary 

Protective Coatings. 

(38) “Targeted HAP Compounds”- The hazardous air pollutant (HAP) compounds of 

chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), or cadmium (Cd) 

targeted by 40 CFR 63 Subpart HHHHHH – National Emission Standards for 

Hazardous Air Pollutants: Paint Stripping and Miscellaneous Surface Coating 

Operations at Area Sources. 

(39) “Temporary Protective Coatings”- Any Coating which is labeled and formulated 

for the purpose of temporarily protecting areas form overspray or mechanical 

damage. 

(40) “Topcoat”- Any Coating applied over a Primer, Primer system or an original 

equipment manufacturer (OEM) Finish for the purpose of protection or 

appearance. 

(41) “Transfer Efficiency”- The ratio of Coating solids adhering to the object being 

coated to the total amount of Coating solids used in the application process, 

expressed as a percentage. 

(42) “Truck Bed Liner Coating”- Any Coating, excluding Clear, Color, Multi-color, 

and Single-stage Coatings, labeled and formulated for application to a truck bed 

to protect it from surface abrasion. 

(43) “Underbody Coating”- Any Coating labeled and formulated for application to 

wheel wells, the inside of door panels or fenders, the underside of a trunk or hood, 

or the underside of the Motor Vehicle. 

(44) “Uniform Finish Coating”- Any Coating labeled and formulated for application to 

the area around a Spot Repair for the purpose of blending a repaired area’s color 

or clear coat to match the appearance of an adjacent area’s existing Coating. 

(45) “VOC Actual” - This definition is the same as the definition of Grams of VOC 

per Liter of Material as listed under subsection (B)(21).

(46) “VOC Regulatory” - This definition is the same as the definition of Grams of 

VOC per Liter of Coating Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds as listed 

under subsection (B)(20).
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-7 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

(47) “Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)”- Any volatile compound of carbon, 

excluding methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic 

carbides or carbonates, ammonium carbonate, and Exempt Compounds. 

(C) Requirements 

(1) VOC Contents of Coatings 

(a) Effective on the dates specified, a Person shall not apply Coating to a 

Motor Vehicle, Mobile Equipment, or Associated Parts or Components, 

that has a VOC content in excess of the limits contained in Table 1 and 

Table 2 of this subsection. 

Table 1 - Coating Categories and VOC Limits 

 

VOC Regulatory Limit, as applied, in grams per Liter 

(pounds per gallon) 

Coating Categories Effective on and after 7/1/2011 

Adhesion Promoter 540 (4.5) 

Clear Coating 250 (2.1) 

Color Coating 420 (3.5) 

Multi-color Coating 680 (5.7) 

Pretreatment Coating 660 (5.5) 

Primer 250 (2.1) 

Primer Sealer 250 (2.1) 

Single-stage Coating 340 (2.8) 

Temporary Protective Coating 60 (0.5) 

Truck Bed Liner Coating 310 (2.6) 

Underbody Coating 430 (3.6) 

Uniform Finish Coating 540 (4.5) 

Any Other Coating Type 250 (2.1) 

 
1116-8 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

Table 2 - Coating Categories and VOC Limits

VOC Regulatory Limit, as applied,

 in grams per Liter (pounds per gallon)

Coating Categories Group 1* Vehicles prior to 

7/1/2011

Group 2** vehicles prior 

to 7/1/2011

Pretreatment Wash Primer 780 (6.5) 780 (6.5)

Primer 250 (2.1) 250 (2.1)

Primer Sealer 250 (2.1) 340 (2.8)

Topcoat 340 (2.8) 420 (3.5)

Metallic Topcoat 420 (3.5) 420 (3.5)

Extreme Preformance 420 (3.5) 420 (3.5)

*Group 1 Vehicles are public transit buses and mobile equipment including but not limited to: 

truck bodies, truck trailers, utility bodies, camper shells, mobile cranes, bulldozers, street 

cleaners, golf carts, and implements of husbandry, where color match is not required.

**Group 2 Vehicles are passenger cars; large/heavy duty truck cabs and chassis with a 

manufacturer's gross vehicle weight over 10,000 pounds; light and medium duty trucks and vans

having a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less; and motorcycles; 

and Group 1 Vehicles where color match is required.

(b) Compliance with the VOC limits shall be based on VOC content, 

including any VOC material added to the original coating supplied by the 

manufacturer, less water and Exempt Compounds, as applied to the Motor 

Vehicle, Mobile Equipment, or Associated Parts or Components. 

(2) Most Restrictive VOC Limit 

(a) If anywhere on the container of any Automotive Coating, or any label or 

sticker affixed to the container, or in any sales, advertising, or technical 

literature, any representation is made that indicates that the Coating meets 

the definition of, or is recommended for use of, more than one of the 

Coating categories listed in subsection (C)(1)(a) and (b), then the lowest 

applicable VOC content limit in Table 1 and Table 2 shall apply. 

(3) Alternative Compliance 

(a) Emission Control System 

 A Person may comply with the provisions of subsection (C)(1) by using an 

approved Emission Control System consisting of collection and control 

devices, that is approved, in writing, by the APCO for reducing emissions 

of VOC. The APCO shall approve such Emission Control Systems only if 

the VOC emissions resulting from the use of non-compliant Automotive 

Coatings will be reduced to a level equivalent to or lower than that which 

would have been achieved by the compliance with the terms of subsection 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-9 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

(C)(1). The approved Emission Control System must achieve a control 

efficiency of at least 85 percent. The required efficiency of an Emission 

Control System at which an equivalent or greater level of VOC emission 

reduction will be achieved shall be calculated by the following equation: 

 100

1

1

1 ,

,

,









































































































  

D

VOC

D

VOC

VOC

VOC

c

LWc

n Max

LWn Max

LWn Max

LWc CE

 

 Where: 

CE = Control Efficiency, as a percent 

VOCLWc = VOC Limit of Rule 1116, less water and less Exempt 

Compounds, pursuant to subsection (C)(1) 

VOCLWn,Max = Maximum VOC content of non-compliant 

Automotive Coating used in conjunction with a 

control device, less water and Exempt Compounds 

Dn,Max = Density of VOC solvent, Reducer, or thinner 

contained in the non-compliant Automotive Coating 

containing the maximum VOC 

Dc = Density of corresponding VOC solvent, Reducer, or 

thinner used in the compliant Automotive Coating 

system = 880 grams per liter 

(4) Prohibited Compounds 

(a) A Person shall not manufacture, sell, offer for sale, distribute for use in the 

District, or apply any Automotive Coating which contains any Group II 

Exempt Compounds. 

(5) Carcinogenic Materials 

(a) A Person shall not manufacture, sell, offer for sale, distribute for use in the 

District, or apply any Automotive Coatings that contain cadmium or 

hexavalent chromium. This includes any Automotive Coating in which 

cadmium or hexavalent chromium was introduced as a pigment or as an 

agent to impart any property or characteristic to the Coatings during 

manufacturing, distribution, or use of the applicable Coatings as defined 

by the Air Toxic Control Measure (ATCM) for Emissions of Hexavalent 

Chromium and Cadmium from Motor Vehicle and Mobile Equipment 

Coatings, Title 17 CCR, section 93112.

(6) Application Methods
1116-10 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

(a) For all Automotive Coatings, any Person shall not apply any Coating to 

Motor Vehicles or Mobile Equipment or their Associated Parts and 

Components unless one of the following methods is used: 

(i) Electrostatic Application equipment, operated in accordance with 

the manufacturer's recommendations and in compliance with 

permit conditions. 

(ii) HVLP Spray equipment, operated in accordance with the 

manufacturer's recommendations and in compliance with permit 

conditions. 

(iii) Any other Coating application which has been demonstrated to the 

satisfaction of the APCO to be capable of achieving a Transfer 

Efficiency equivalent to, or higher than, the application methods 

listed in subsections (6)(a)(i) and (6)(a)(ii) above, but not less than 

65 percent, as per subsections (G)(2)(c) and (G)(2)(d), and for 

which written approval of the APCO has been obtained. 

(7) Prohibition of Possession, Specification and Sale 

(a) No Person that applies Automotive Coatings subject to this rule shall 

posses any Automotive Coating that is not in compliance with 

requirements of subsection (C)(1), unless one or more of the following 

conditions apply: 

(i) The Coating is located at a facility that utilizes an approved 

Emission Control System pursuant to subparagraph (C)(3)(a), and 

the Coating meets the limits specified in permit conditions. 

(ii) The Coating is located at a training center and the Coating is used 

for educational purposes, provided that the VOC emissions from 

Coatings not meeting VOC limits of subsection (C)(1) do not 

exceed twelve (12) pounds per day. 

(iii) The Topcoat is located at a prototype Motor Vehicle 

manufacturing facility and the Coating is supplied by an Assembly 

Line Motor Vehicle manufacturer for use in the Refinishing of a 

prototype Motor Vehicle, provided that the VOC emissions from 

Coatings not meeting the VOC limits of subsection (C)(1) do not 

exceed twenty-one (21) pounds per day and 930 pounds in any one 

calendar year. 

(b) No Person shall solicit from, or require any other Person to use, in the 

District any Automotive Coating which, when applied as supplied or 

thinned or reduced according to the manufacturer’s recommendation for 

application, does not meet the: 

(i) Applicable VOC limits required by subsection (C)(1) for the 

specific application unless: 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-11 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

a. The Coating is located at a Automotive Refinishing Facility 

that utilizes an approved Emission Control System pursuant 

to subsection (C)(3)(a), and the Coating meets the limits 

specified in permit conditions. 

b. The Coating is specifically exempt pursuant to section (D) 

of this rule. 

(c) No Person shall offer for sale, sell, or distribute for use in the District any 

Automotive Coating which, when applied as supplied or thinned or 

reduced according to the manufacturer’s recommendation for application, 

does not meet the: 

(i) Applicable VOC limits required by subsection (C)(1) for the 

specific application, unless: 

a. The Coating is located at an Automotive Refinishing 

Facility that utilizes an approved Emission Control System 

pursuant to subsection (C)(3)(a), and the Coating meets the 

limits specified in permit conditions. 

b. The Coating is specifically exempt under section (D) of this 

rule. 

c. The Person that offers for sale or distributes the Coating 

keeps the following records for at least five (5) years and 

makes them available to the APCO upon request, the 

following information: 

1. Coating name and manufacturer; 

2. Application method; 

3. Automotive Coating category and mix ratio specific 

to the Coating; 

4. VOC content of Coating; 

5. Documentation that the material is a Coating; 

6. Current manufacturer specification sheets, material 

safety data sheets (MSDS), technical data sheets, or 

air quality data sheets, which list the VOC content 

of each ready-to-spray Coating (based on the 

manufacturer’s stated mix ratio), Automotive 

Coating Components, and VOC content of each 

solvent; 

7. Purchase records identifying the Automotive 

Coating category, name, and volume of Coatings; 

and, 

8. The name and address of the Person purchasing the 

Coating, a statement of the basis the purchase will 

comply with this paragraph, including if use is for 

outside the District, and acknowledgement by the 

purchaser that this statement is correct. 

(ii) Requirements of subsections (C)(4) and (C)(5). 
1116-12 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

(d) No Person shall solicit from, require, offer for sale to, sell to, or distribute 

to any other Person for use in the District any Automotive Coating 

application equipment that does not meet the requirements of subsection 

(C)(6). 

(e) The requirements of subsections (C)(1), (C)(2), and (C)(3) shall apply to 

all written or oral agreements executed and entered into under terms of 

which an Automotive Coating or Coating application equipment shall be 

used at any location within the District.

(8) Surface Preparation and Cleaning Operations 

(a) The requirements of this subsection shall apply to any Person using 

Solvent for Surface Preparation and Cleaning Operations. 

(i) Any Person shall not use an organic compound(s), or mixture 

thereof, (excluding Exempt Compounds) for Surface Preparation 

with a VOC content in excess of twenty-five (25) grams per liter 

(0.21 pounds per gallon) of material. 

(ii) Any Person shall use closed, non-absorbent containers for the 

storage or disposal of any applicator (including brushes, swabs, 

cloth or paper) used for solvent Surface Preparation and Cleaning 

Operations. 

(iii) Any Person shall store fresh or spent solvent in vapor tight and 

closed containers.

(iv) Any Person shall not use organic compounds for the Cleaning 

Operations of spray equipment including paint liners unless an 

enclosed system is used for Cleaning Operations. The system shall 

enclose spray guns, cups, nozzles, bowls, and other parts during 

washing, rinsing and draining procedures. Equipment used shall 

minimize the evaporation of organic compounds to the 

atmosphere. 

(b) Effective July 1, 2011, no Person shall possess at any Automotive 

Refinishing Facility, any Solvent with a VOC content that does not 

comply with the requirements in subsection (C)(8)(a)(i). 

(D) Exemptions

(1) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to: 

(a) Any Coating applied to Motor Vehicle or Mobile Equipment, or their 

Associated Parts and Components, during manufacture on an Assembly 

Line. 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-13 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

(b) Any Automotive Coating that is offered for sale, sold, or manufactured for 

use outside of the District or for shipment to other manufacturers for 

reformulation or repackaging. 

(c) Any Aerosol Coating Product. 

(d) Any Automotive Coating that is sold, supplied, or offered for sale in onehalf (0.5) fluid ounces or smaller containers. 

(2) The requirements of subsection (C)(1) shall not apply to Automotive Coatings 

applied for educational purposes at Coating training centers, which are owned and 

operated by Coating manufacturers, provided that the VOC emissions emitted at a 

Coating training center from Coatings not complying with subsection (C)(1) does 

not exceed twelve (12) pounds per day. 

(3) The requirements of subsection (C)(1) shall not apply to Coatings supplied by an 

Assembly-Line Motor Vehicle manufacturer for use by a prototype Motor Vehicle 

manufacturing facility in the Finishing of a prototype Motor Vehicle, provided 

that the VOC emissions at the prototype Motor Vehicle manufacturing facility 

from such Topcoats do not exceed twenty-one (21) pounds in a calendar day and 

930 pounds in a calendar year. 

(4) Any facility or Person classified as exempt or claiming to be exempt under this 

section, (D), shall meet the record keeping requirements of this rule so as to be 

able to prove the exemption status. 

(5) Rule 442 Applicability 

(a) Any Coating, Coating operation, or facility which is exempt from all or a 

portion of the VOC limits of this rule shall comply with the provisions of 

Rule 442. 

(E) Administrative Requirements 

(1) Manufacturer’s Compliance Statement Requirement 

(a) For each individual Automotive Coating, Automotive Coating 

Component, and ready-to-spray mixture (based on the manufacturers 

stated mix ratio), the manufacturer shall include the following information 

on a product data sheet, or an equivalent medium: 

(i) The VOC Actual and the VOC Regulatory for Coatings (in grams 

per liter). 

(ii) The weight percentage of volatiles, water, and Exempt 

Compounds. 

(iii) The volume percentage of water and Exempt Compounds. 

(iv) The density of the material (in grams per liter). 

(v) The weight percentage of all Targeted HAP Compounds. 
1116-14 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

(2) Manufacturer’s Labeling Requirements 

(a) The manufacturer of Automobile Coatings or Automotive Coating 

Components shall include, on all containers, the applicable use Coating 

category(ies), and the VOC Actual and the VOC Regulatory for Coatings, 

as supplied (in grams per liter). 

(b) The manufacturer of Solvents subject to this rule shall include on all 

containers the VOC content for Solvents, as supplied (in grams per liter) 

(F) Monitoring and Records 

(1) All Persons subject to this rule and any Person claiming any exemption under 

subsection (D)(1) shall comply with the following requirements: 

(a) Maintain and have available during an inspection, a current list of 

Automotive Coatings in use which provides all of the Coating data 

necessary to evaluate compliance, including the following information: 

(i) The Additive, Automotive Coating, Catalyst, and Reducer used, 

i.e. material name and manufacturer. 

(ii) The mix ratio of components used. 

(iii) The VOC Actual and the VOC Regulatory content of each 

 Automotive Coating as applied. 

(iii) The Targeted HAP Compounds content as applied in weight 

percentage. 

(v) The application method used . 

(b) Maintain records on a daily basis including: 

(i) Automotive Coating and mix ratio of components used in the 

Automotive Coating. 

(ii) Quantity of each Automotive Coating applied. 

(iii) Application method used to apply Automotive Coating. 

(iii) Any Person/facility utilizing an add-on Emission Control System 

as a means of complying with provisions of this rule shall also 

maintain records of key system operating and maintenance data for 

the purpose of demonstrating continuous compliance during 

periods of emission producing activities. The data shall be 

recorded in a manner as prescribed by the District. 

(c) Maintain records on a monthly basis for Surface Preparation and Cleaning 

Operations including: 

(i) The name and manufacturer of the Solvent used, including 

methylene chloride (MeCl). 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-15 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

(i) The amount of each Solvent and methylene chloride (MeCl) 

consumed for any use, in gallons. 

(ii) The weight percentage of each Solvent and methylene chloride 

(MeCl) consumed for any use. 

(d) Such records shall be retained and available for inspection by the APCO 

for a minimum of five (5) years. 

(G) Test Methods 

(1) A violation of the limits contained in this rule as determined by any one of these 

test methods shall constitute a violation of this rule. 

(2) The following specified test methods shall be used to determine compliance with 

the provisions of this rule. 

(a) VOC Determination 

(i) Samples of Automotive Coatings as specified in subsection 

(C)(1)) shall be analyzed as prescribed by EPA Reference Method 

24, as set forth in appendix A of Title 40 of the Code of Federal 

Regulations (40 CFR) Part 60, “Determination of Volatile Matter 

Content, Water Content, Density , Volume Solids, and Weight 

Solids of Surface Coatings” for VOC content (without correction 

for Exempt Compounds) and the American Society for Testing 

Materials (ASTM) Test Method D4457-85, 91(Standard Test 

Method for Volatile Content of Coatings), or ARB Method 432 

(“Determination of Dichloromethane and 1,1,1 – Trichloroethane 

in Paints and Coatings”, 1989) for determination of emissions of 

Exempt Compounds. Perfluorocarbon compounds shall be 

assumed to be absent from a product or process unless a 

manufacturer or facility operator identifies the specific individual 

compounds (from the broad classes of perfluorocarbon 

compounds) and the amounts present in the product or process and 

provides a validated test method which can be used to quantify the 

specific compounds. 

(b) Determination of Emissions-Operations with Emission Control Systems 

(i) For operations with Emission Control Systems, VOC emissions as 

specified in subsection (C)(3)(a) shall be measured as prescribed 

by EPA Reference Method 25, 25A, or 25B, Title 40 Code of 

Federal Regulations, Part 60, Appendix A, for determining VOC 

emissions and control device efficiency , in combination with the 

methods prescribed in U.S. EPA’s “Guidelines for Determining 

Capture Efficiency.” (January 9 1995) and Title 40 Code of 
1116-16 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/10 

Federal Regulations, Part 51, Appendix M, Methods 204-204f, as 

applicable, for determination of capture efficiency.

(c) Determination of HVLP Transfer Efficiency Equivalence 

(i) Transfer Efficiency equivalent to HVLP as required by subsection 

(C)(6)(a)(iii) shall be determined by procedures as prescribed in 

the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) 

document "Guidelines for Demonstrating Equivalency with 

District Approved Transfer Efficient Spray Guns, September 26, 

2002". 

(d) Determination of Transfer Efficiency 

(i) Transfer Efficiency as required by subsection (C)(6)(a)(iii) shall be 

determined by procedures as prescribed in the SCAQMD 

document "South Coast Air Quality management District Spray 

Equipment Transfer Efficiency Test Procedure for Equipment 

User, May 24, 1989". 

(e) Determination of Percentage of Metal in Metallic/Iridescent Color 

Coatings 

(i) Determinations shall be made using SCAQMD Method 311, 

“Determination of Percent Metal in Metallic Coatings by 

Spectrographic Method”, as found in the SCAQMD document 

Laboratory Methods Of Analysis For Enforcement Samples 

(February 1997). 

(f) Acid Content in Pretreatment Coatings 

(i) Determinations of acid content in Pretreatment Coatings shall be 

made using ASTM Test Method D1613-03 “Standard Test Method 

for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used 

in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products”. 

(g) Determination of Methyl Acetate, Acetone, and PCBTF Content 

(i) The quantity of methyl acetate , acetone, t-butyl acetate, and 

parachlorobenzotrifluoride (as specified in subsections (B)(18), 

(B)(20), (B)(21), and (B)(44) shall be determined by using ASTM 

Method D6133-02: “Standard Test Method for Acetone, pChlorobenzotrifluoride, Methyl Acetate or t-Butyl Acetate Content 

of Solventborne and Waterborne Paints, Coatings, Resins, and 

Raw materials by Direct Injection Into a Gas Chromatograph” 

(February 2003). 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 1116-17 

Automotive Refinishing Operations 

D3: 08/23/2010 

(h) Exempt Compound Content 

(i) Exempt Compound content, other than as determined pursuant to 

subsection (G)(f)(i) shall be determined by using CARB Method 

432, “ Determination of Dichloromethane and 1,1,1-

Trichloroethane in Paints and Coatings” (September 12, 1998); 

CARB Method 422, “ Determination of Volatile Organic 

Compounds in Emissions form Stationary Sources” (January 22, 

1987); or, SCAQMD Method 303-91, “Determination of Exempt 

Compounds” (February 1993). 

SIP: Submitted as amended mm/dd/yy on mm/dd/yy; Approved 04/10/00, 65 FR 18901, 40 CFR 

52.220(c)(268)(i)(8)(B)(1); Approved 6/13/95, 60 FR 31081, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(216)(i)(A)(1); 

Approved 12/20/93, 58 FR 66283, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(188)(i)(B)(1)] 
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MDAQMD Rule 1116 B-1 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

Appendix “B” 

Public Notice Documents 

1. Proof of Publication – Daily Press, July 23, 2010 

2. Proof of Publication – Riverside Press Enterprise, July 23, 2010 
B-2 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

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MDAQMD Rule 1116 B-3 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
B-4 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 C-1 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

Appendix “C”

Public Comments and Responses 

1. Email from Daniel B. Pourreau, Research Advisor, Lyondell Chemical Company, 

08/03/10 

2. Letter from Patrick Au, California Air Resources Board, 08/05/10 

3. Email from Nicole Law, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 08/06/10
C-2 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 C-3 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
C-4 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

District Response to Comment Letter 1 

In the preliminary draft of the 06/28/10 version of Rule 1116, the District had instated an 

exemption of tertiary butyl acetate (TBAc) as described in this comment letter from Dr. 

Pourreau. The United States Environmental Protection Agency responded with a comment 

stating that 40 CFR 51.100(s)(5) considers TBAc a VOC for recordkeeping, emissions reporting, 

photochemical dispersion modeling, and inventory requirements. In response to this comment, 

the District removed the exemption to conform with the Clean Air Act section 110(l) and 40 

CFR 51.100(s)(5). Upon further examination, the District decided to remove the “(1)” reference 

from the “(CFR) 51.100(s)(1)” citation from definition B(18), “Exempt Compounds”. This 

aligns District regulation with the entire section of 40 CFR 51.100, both recognizing TBAc as an 

exempt compound, but not exempt from VOC recordkeeping, emissions reporting, 

photochemical dispersion modeling, and inventory requirements. This satisfies both the 

industry’s need to produce TBAc products while implementing USEPA regulative requirements.
MDAQMD Rule 1116 C-5 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
C-6 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

District Response to Comment Letter 2 

Since the California Air Resources Board did not have any comments on the draft rule, the 

District does not have any response. 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 C-7 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
C-8 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 C-9 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

District Response to Comment Letter 3 

Since the United States Environmental Protection Agency did not have any comments on the 

draft rule, the District does not have any response. 
C-10 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

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MDAQMD Rule 1116 D-1 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

Appendix “D” 

California Environmental Quality Act 

Documentation 

1. Notice of Exemption, San Bernardino County 

2. Notice of Exemption, Riverside County 
D-2 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
MDAQMD Rule 1116 D-3 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 
D-4 MDAQMD Rule 1116 

Final Staff Report, 08/24/10 

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MDAQMD Rule 1116 E-1 

Staff Report d2, 08/04/10

Appendix “E” 

Bibliography

Rule 1116 – Automotive Refinishing Operations (Mojave Desert Air Quality Management 

District, amended 4/26/99) 

Rule 1116 – Automotive Refinishing Operations (Mojave Desert Air Quality Management 

District, amended 6/28/10)