# CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT

Substance Name: C12-18 evennumbered alkyl nitrile EC Number: 628-856-6 CAS Number: 1218787-29-1 Registrant's Identity: Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry ABEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT ii 

# Table of Contents Part A ........................................................................................................................ .................................................. 1 1. SUMMARY OF RISK MANAGEMENT MEASURES .................................................................................. 1 2. DECLARATION THAT RISK MANAGEMENT MEASURES ARE IMPLEMENTED ............................. 1 3. DECLARATION THAT RISK MANAGEMENT MEASURES ARE COMMUNICATED ........................ 1 Part B ........................................................................................................................ .................................................. 2 1. IDENTITY OF THE SUBSTANCE AND PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES .......................... 2

1.1. Name and other identifiers of the substance .............................................................................. ................ 2 1.2. Composition of the substance ............................................................................................. ........................ 2 1.3. Physicochemical properties ............................................................................................... ......................... 4 2. MANUFACTURE AND USES ....................................................................................................... ................. 8

2.1. Manufacture .............................................................................................................. .................................. 8 2.2. Identified uses .......................................................................................................... ................................... 8 2.3. Uses advised against ..................................................................................................... .............................. 8 3. CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING ............................................................................................... ........... 9

3.1. Classification and labelling according to CLP / GHS ..

.................................................................... ......... 9 3.2. Classification and labelling according to DSD / DPD ..

.................................................................... ....... 12

3.2.1. Classification and labelling in Annex I of Directiv e 67/548/EEC ................................................... 12 3.2.2. Self classification(s) ................................................................................................. .......................... 12 3.2.3. Other classification(s) ................................................................................................ ........................ 13 4. ENVIRONMENTAL FATE PROPERTIES .............................................................................................. ..... 14

4.1. Degradation .............................................................................................................. ................................. 14

4.1.1. Abiotic degradation .................................................................................................... ....................... 14

4.1.1.1. Hydrolysis ........................................................................................................... ........................ 14 4.1.1.2. Phototransformation/photolysis ...................

.................................................................... ........... 14

4.1.1.2.1. Phototransformation in air ......................................................................................... .......... 14 4.1.1.2.2. Phototransformation in water ....................................................................................... ....... 14 4.1.1.2.3. Phototransformation in soil ........................................................................................ ......... 14 4.1.2. Biodegradation ......................................................................................................... .......................... 14

4.1.2.1. Biodegradation in water............................................................................................... ............... 14

4.1.2.1.1. Screening tests .................................................................................................... ................. 14 4.1.2.1.2. Simulation tests (water and sediments) .........

.................................................................... .. 15 4.1.2.1.3. Summary and discussion of biodegradation in water and sediment .................................. 15 4.1.2.2. Biodegradation in soil ............................................................................................... .................. 15 4.1.3. Summary and discussion of degradation .................................................................................. ......... 15 4.2. Environmental distribution ............................................................................................... ........................ 15

4.2.1. Adsorption/desorption .........

......................................................................................... ..................... 15 4.2.2. Volatilisation ......................................................................................................... ............................. 16 4.2.3. Distribution modelling ................................................................................................. ...................... 16 4.2.4. Summary and discussion of environmental distributi on ................................................................... 16 4.3. Bioaccumulation .......................................................................................................... ............................. 16

4.3.1. Aquatic bioaccumulation ................................................................................................ ................... 16 4.3.2. Terrestrial bioaccumulation ............................................................................................ ................... 16 4.3.3. Summary and discussion of bioaccumulation .............................................................................. ..... 16 4.4. Secondary poisoning ...................................................................................................... ........................... 16 5. HUMAN HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................. 17

5.1. Toxicokinetics (absorption, metabolism, distribution and elimination) .................................................. 1 7

5.1.1. Non-human information .................................................................................................. .................. 17 5.1.2. Human information ...................................................................................................... ...................... 17 5.1.3. Summary and discussion of toxicokinetics ............................................................................... ........ 17 5.2. Acute toxicity ........................................................................................................... ................................. 18

5.2.1. Non-human information .................................................................................................. .................. 18

5.2.1.1. Acute toxicity: oral ................................................................................................. .................... 18 5.2.1.2. Acute toxicity: inhalation ........................................................................................... ................ 18 5.2.1.3. Acute toxicity: dermal ............................................................................................... ................. 18 5.2.1.4. Acute toxicity: other routes ......................................................................................... ............... 19 5.2.2. Human information ...................................................................................................... ...................... 19EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT iii 5.2.3. Summary and discussion of acute toxicity ............................................................................... ......... 19 5.3. Irritation ............................................................................................................... ..................................... 19

5.3.1. Skin ................................................................................................................... ................................. 19

5.3.1.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................ ............. 19 5.3.1.2. Human information .................................................................................................... ................. 21 5.3.2. Eye .................................................................................................................... .................................. 21

5.3.2.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................ ............. 21 5.3.2.2. Human information .................................................................................................... ................. 22 5.3.3. Respiratory tract ...................................................................................................... ........................... 22

5.3.3.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................ ............. 22 5.3.3.2. Human information .................................................................................................... ................. 22 5.3.4. Summary and discussion of irritation ................................................................................... ............. 22 5.4. Corrosivity .............................................................................................................. .................................. 22

5.4.1. Non-human information .................................................................................................. .................. 23 5.4.2. Human information ...................................................................................................... ...................... 23 5.4.3. Summary and discussion of corrosion .................................................................................... .......... 23 5.5. Sensitisation ............................................................................................................ .................................. 23

5.5.1. Skin ................................................................................................................... ................................. 23

5.5.1.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................ ............. 23 5.5.1.2. Human information .................................................................................................... ................. 23 5.5.2. Respiratory system ..................................................................................................... ........................ 23

5.5.2.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................ ............. 23 5.5.2.2. Human information .................................................................................................... ................. 23 5.5.3. Summary and discussion of sensitisation ................................................................................ .......... 23 5.6. Repeated dose toxicity ................................

................................................................... ........................... 24

5.6.1. Non-human information .................................................................................................. .................. 24

5.6.1.1. Repeated dose toxicity: oral ......................................................................................... .............. 24 5.6.1.2. Repeated dose toxicity: inha lation ................................................................................... .......... 25 5.6.1.3. Repeated dose toxicity: dermal ....................................................................................... ........... 25 5.6.1.4. Repeated dose toxicity: other routes ...........

...................................................................... ......... 25 5.6.2. Human information ...................................................................................................... ...................... 25 5.6.3. Summary and discussion of repeated dose toxicity

....................................................................... ... 25 5.7. Mutagenicity ............................................................................................................. ................................ 25

5.7.1. Non-human information .................................................................................................. .................. 25

5.7.1.1. In vitro data ........................................................................................................ ......................... 25 5.7.1.2. In vivo data ......................................................................................................... ........................ 27 5.7.2. Human information ...................................................................................................... ...................... 27 5.7.3. Summary and discussion of mutagenicity ................................................................................. ........ 28 5.8. Carcinogenicity .......................................................................................................... ............................... 28

5.8.1. Non-human information .................................................................................................. .................. 28

5.8.1.1. Carcinogenicity: oral ................................................................................................ .................. 28 5.8.1.2. Carcinogenicity: inhalation .......................................................................................... .............. 28 5.8.1.3. Carcinogenicity: dermal .............................................................................................. ............... 28 5.8.1.4. Carcinogenicity: other routes ........................................................................................ ............. 28 5.8.2. Human information ...................................................................................................... ...................... 28 5.8.3. Summary and discussion of carcinogenicity ........

...................................................................... ....... 28 5.9. Toxicity for reproduction ................................................................................................ .......................... 28

5.9.1. Effects on fertility ................................................................................................... ........................... 28

5.9.1.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................ ............. 28 5.9.1.2. Human information .................................................................................................... ................. 29 5.9.2. Developmental toxicity ................................................................................................. ..................... 29

5.9.2.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................ ............. 29 5.9.2.2. Human information .................................................................................................... ................. 29 5.9.3. Summary and discussion of reproductive toxicity .

....................................................................... .... 29 5.10. Other effects ........................................................................................................... ................................. 30

5.10.1. Non-human information ................................................................................................. ................. 30

5.10.1.1. Neurotoxicity ....................................................................................................... ..................... 30 5.10.1.2. Immunotoxicity ...................................................................................................... ................... 30 5.10.1.3. Specific investigations: other studies .............................................................................. ......... 30 5.10.2. Human information ..................................................................................................... ..................... 30EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT iv 5.10.3. Summary and discussion of other effects ............................................................................... ......... 30 5.11. Derivation of DNEL(s) and other hazard conclusions

...................................................................... ..... 31

5.11.1. Overview of typical dose descriptors for all endpoint s ...............
.............. ........... ............ ............ .. 31 5.11.2. Selection of the DNEL(s) or other hazard conclusi on for critical health effects ........................... 31 6. HUMAN HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES ...................... 34

6.1. Explosivity .............................................................................................................. .................................. 34 6.2. Flammability ............................................................................................................. ................................ 34 6.3. Oxidising potential ...................................................................................................... .............................. 35 7. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................... 3 7

7.1. Aquatic compartment (including sediment) .............

.................................................................... ............ 37

7.1.1. Fish ................................................................................................................... .................................. 37

7.1.1.1. Short-term toxicity to fish .......................................................................................... ................ 37 7.1.1.2. Long-term toxicity to fish .......................

.................................................................... ................ 37 7.1.2. Aquatic invertebrates .................................................................................................. ....................... 37

7.1.2.1. Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates ....

..................................................................... ...... 37 7.1.2.2. Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates ....

...................................................................... ..... 38 7.1.3. Algae and aquatic plants ............................................................................................... ..................... 38 7.1.4. Sediment organisms ..................................................................................................... ...................... 39 7.1.5. Other aquatic organisms ................................................................................................ .................... 39 7.2. Terrestrial compartment .................................................................................................. .......................... 39

7.2.1. Toxicity to soil macro-organi sms ....................................................................................... ............... 39 7.2.2. Toxicity to terrestrial plants

......................................................................................... ...................... 39 7.2.3. Toxicity to soil micro-organi sms ....................................................................................... ............... 39 7.2.4. Toxicity to other terrestrial organisms ................................................................................ .............. 39 7.3. Atmospheric compartment .................................................................................................. ..................... 39 7.4. Microbiological activity in sewage treatment systems

..................................................................... ....... 39 7.5. Non compartment specific effects relevant for the fo od chain (secondary poisoning) ........................... 40

7.5.1. Toxicity to birds ...

................................................................................................... ........................... 40 7.5.2. Toxicity to mammals .................................................................................................... ..................... 40 7.6. PNEC derivation and other hazard conclusions ........

..................................................................... .......... 40 8. PBT AND vPvB ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................... ................ 41

8.1. Assessment of PBT/vPvB Properties ........................................................................................ ............... 41

8.1.1. PBT/vPvB criteria and justification ................

.................................................................... .............. 41 8.1.2. Summary and overall conclusions on PBT or vPvB pr operties ....................................................... 41 9. EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT (and related risk characterisation)

................................................................... 42 10. RISK CHARACTERISATION RELATED TO COMBINED EXPOSURE .............................................. 43 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................... ..................................... 44EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 1 

# Part A 1. SUMMARY OF RISK MANAGEMENT MEASURES

2. DECLARATION THAT RISK MANAGEMENT MEASURES ARE IMPLEMENTED

3. DECLARATION THAT RISK MANAGEMENT MEASURES ARE COMMUNICATEDEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 2 

# Part B 1. IDENTITY OF THE SU BSTANCE AND PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

1.1. Name and other iden tifiers of the substance

The substance C12-18 evennumbered alkyl nitrile is a UVCB (origin: organic) having the following characteristics and physical–chemical properties (see the IUCLID dataset for further details). The following public name is used: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered). Table 1. Substance identity

EC number: 628-856-6 EC name: 628-856-6 CAS number (EC inventory): 1218787-29-1 CAS name: C12-18 evennumbered alkyl nitrile IUPAC name: C12-18 evennumbered alkyl nitrile Molecular formula: N o molecular formula Molecular weight range:

Structural formula:



## 1.2. Composition of the substanceEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 3 Name: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) Description: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) and the ratio can vary (within ranges given below) per batch and per member company Degree of purity: <= 100.0 % (w/w)
Table 2. Constituents

Constituent Typical concentration Concentration range Remarks dodecanenitrile
EC no.: 219-440-1 50.0 % (w/w) > 40.0 — < 60.0 % (w/w) The response factor between the weight percentages and area percentages are considered to be 1 in a GC-FID analysis. There are no standard substances. myristonitrile
EC no.: 211-099-7 18.1 % (w/w) > 10.0 — < 30.0 % (w/w) The response factor between the weight percentages and area percentages are considered to be 1 in a GC-FID analysis. There are no standard substances. hexadecanenitrile
EC no.: 211-110-5 8.2 % (w/w) > 5.0 — < 15.0 % (w/w) The response factor between the weight percentages and area percentages are considered to be 1 in a GC-FID analysis. There are no standard substances. decanenitrile
EC no.: 217-830-6 7.6 % (w/w) > 5.0 — < 10.0 % (w/w) The response factor between the weight percentages and area percentages are considered to be 1 in a GC-FID analysis. There are no standard substances. 9-Octadecenenitrile, (Z)-
EC no.: 204-016-0 7.1 % (w/w) > 5.0 — < 15.0 % (w/w) The response factor between the weight percentages and area percentages are considered to be 1 in a GC-FID analysis. There are no standard substances. C8 nitrile
EC no.: 204-682-2 5.6 % (w/w) > 1.0 — < 10.0 % (w/w) The response factor between the weight percentages and area percentages are considered to be 1 in a GC-FID analysis. There are no standard substances. stearonitrile
EC no.: 211-345-3 ca. 3.0 % (w/w) > 1.0 — < 12.0 % (w/w) The response factor between the weight percentages and area percentages are considered to be 1 in a GC-FID analysis. There are noEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 4 Constituent Typical concentration Concentration range Remarks standard substances. 

## 1.3. Physicochemical properties Table 3. Physicochemical properties Property Description of key information Value used for CSA / Discussion Physical state liquid at 20°C and 101.3 kPa Melting / freezing point The melting point can not be found within the temperature range -30-300 oC. The reason for this may be that the melting point is below -30 oC. Boiling point The boiling point has been determined to 239 oC. Value used for CSA: 239 °C at 101.3 kPa Relative density Value used for CSA: 826 at 20°C Granulometry Not applicable. According to ECHA’s Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance: “The study does not need to be conducted if the substance is marketed or used in a non solid or non granular form”. Not applicable. According to ECHA’sGuidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance: “The study does not need to be conducted if the substance is marketed or used in a non solid or non granular form”. Vapour pressure The vapour pressure of the test substance has been determined to 1.8 Pa at 20°C and 2.7 Pa at 25°C. Value used for CSA: 1.8 Pa at 20 °C The vapour pressure of the test substance has been determined to 1.8 Pa at 20°C and 2.7 Pa at 25°C. The vapour pressure was measured at three different temperatures in order to extrapolate to 20 and 25°C. Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) The Log Pow has been determined to 5 at 21°C at pH 5.55 Value used for CSA: Log Kow (Log Pow): 5 at 21 °C The Log Pow has been determined to 5 at 21°C at pH 5.55 Water solubility The water solu bility (expressed as the sum of the solubility of the substance homologues) is determined to 25.7 mg/L at 19.9°C. Value used for CSA: 25.7 mg/L at 19.9 °C

Surface tension According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance": The surface tension study needs only be conducted if, based on structure, surface activity is expected or a desired property of the material. Surface activity is not expected or a desired property for this substance. According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance":The surface tension study needs only be conducted if, based on structure, surface activity is expected or a desired property of the material. Surface activity is not expected or a desired property for this substance. Flash point The flash point is determined to 118 oC. Value used for CSA: 391 K at 1013 hPa Autoflammability / self-ignition temperature The auto-ignition temperature of the test substance has been determined to 230°C at 1020 mBar Value used for CSA: 230 °C at 1013 hPa The auto-ignition temperature of the test substance has been determined to 230°C atEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 5 Property Description of key information Value used for CSA / Discussion 1020 mBar Flammability According to Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance, for liquids and low melting point solids, the primary value for ease of ignition is the flash point. Therefore, the flash point has been determined for the test substance. In chapter R.7a several examples of chemical groups associated with pyrophoricity and flammability on contact with water are given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have pyrophoricity properties nor is it flammable on contact with water. According toGuidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance,for liquids and low melting point solids, the primary value for ease of ignition is the flash point. Therefore, the flash point has been determined for the test substance.In chapter R.7a several examples of chemical groups associated withpyrophoricity and flammability on contact with water are given.The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore,based on structure, this substance does not havepyrophoricityproperties nor is itflammable on contact with water. Explosive properties According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, explosivity is not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure.” In chapter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-28) of chemical groups associated with explosive properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have explosive properties. According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, explosivity is not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure.” In chapter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-28)of chemical groups associated with explosive properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore,based on structure, this substance does not have explosive properties. Oxidising properties According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, oxidising properties are not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure..” In chapter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-29) of chemical groups associated with oxidising properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have oxidising properties. According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, oxidising properties are not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure..” In chapter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-29)of chemical groups associated with oxidising properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore,based on structure, this substance does not have oxidising properties. Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products According to Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance, stability in organic solvent is important in certain ca ses, such as when calculating octanol – water partitioning coefficient from solubility data which is not used for this substance. Therefore, stability in organic solvent is not a concern for this substance. According toGuidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance, stability in organic solvent is important in certain cases, such as when calculating octanol – water partitioning coefficient from solubility data which is not used for this substance. Therefore,stability in organic solvent is not a concern for this substance. Dissociation constant Not applicable. Based on chemical structure, this substance does not dissociate.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 6 Property Description of key information Value used for CSA / Discussion Viscosity Value used for CSA: Viscosity at 20°C: 2.8 mPa · s (dynamic) Data waiving

Information requirement: Granulometry

Reason: study scientifically unjustified Justification: Not applicable. According to ECHA’s Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance: “The study does not need to be conducted if the substance is marketed or used in a non solid or non granular form”. Information requirement: Surface tension

Reason: study scientifically unjustified Justification: According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance": The surface tension study needs only be conducted if, based on structure, surface activity is expected or a desired property of the material. Surface activity is not expected or a desired property for this substance. Information requirement: Flammability

Reason: study scientifically unjustified Justification: According to Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance, for liquids and low melting point solids, the primary value for ease of ignition is the flash point. Therefore, the flash point has been determined for the test substance. In chapter R.7a several examples of chemical groups associated with pyrophoricity and flammability on contact with water are given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have pyrophoricity properties nor is it flammable on contact with water. Information requirement: Explosive properties

Reason: study scientifically unjustified Justification: According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, explosivity is not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure. ” In chapter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-28) of chemical groups associated with explosive properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have explosive properties. Information requirement: Oxidising properties

Reason: study scientifically unjustified Justification: According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, oxidising properties are not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure. ” In chapter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-29) of chemical groups associated with oxidising properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have oxidising properties. Information requirement: Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products

Reason: study scientifically unjustified Justification: According to Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance, stability in organic solvent is important in certain cases, such as when calculating octanol – water partitioning coefficient from solubility data which is not used for this substance. Therefore, stability in organic solvent is not a concern for this substance. Information requirement: Dissociation constantEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 7 Reason: study scientifically unjustified Justification: N ot applicable. Based on chemical structure, this substance does not dissociate.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 8 

# 2. MANUFACTURE AND USES
Table 4. Quantities (in tonnes/year)

Year Total tonnage Uses exempted from CSR Used for article 2008 Manufactured: 454.0 Imported: 0.0 Uses as intermediate under strictly controlled conditions (on-site): 454.0 Used as intermediate under strictly controlled conditions (transported): 0.0 Used for research purposes: 0.0 Imported in articles: 0.0 Tonnage in produced articles: 0.0

2007 Manufactured: 88.0 Imported: 0.0 Uses as intermediate under strictly controlled conditions (on-site): 88.0 Used as intermediate under strictly controlled conditions (transported): 0.0 Used for research purposes: 0.0 Imported in articles: 0.0 Tonnage in produced articles: 0.0

2009 Manufactured: 17.0 Imported: 0.0 Uses as intermediate under strictly controlled conditions (on-site): 17.0 Used as intermediate under strictly controlled conditions (transported): 0.0 Used for research purposes: 0.0 Imported in articles: 0.0 Tonnage in produced articles: 0.0



## 2.1. Manufacture

No information available on manufacture Table 5. Manufacturing process related to the specified manufacture(s) Related manufacture(s) Description of manufacturing process The manufacturing process of primary fatty nitriles is a single- step process starting from natural fats and oils or synthetic products of the petrochemical industry. The fatty acid reacts with ammonia in presence of a dehydrating catalyst at elevated temperatures to the corresponding fatty nitrile. The reaction takes place under strictly controlled conditions either in batch or in continuous processes. No information available on production of articles covered by the specified use(s) 

## 2.2. Identified uses Justification why no identified uses are reported: Chemical intermediate produced under strictly controlled conditions 

## 2.3. Uses advised against

No information availableEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 9 

# 3. CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING 3.1. Classification and labe lling according to CLP / GHS

Name: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) Related composition: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered)
Classification The substance is classified as follows: Table 6. Classification and labelling according to CLP / GHS for physicochemical properties Endpoint Hazard category Hazard statement Reason for no classification CSR section*) Explosives: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.1

Flammable gases: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2

Flammable aerosols: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2

Oxidising gases: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.3

Gases under pressure: conclusive but not sufficient for classification Flammable liquids: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2

Flammable solids: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2

Self-reactive substances and mixtures: conclusive but not sufficient for classification Pyrophoric liquids: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2

Pyrophoric solids: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2

Self-heating substances and mixtures: conclusive but not sufficient for classification Substances and mixtures which in contact with water emit conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 10 flammable gases: Oxidising liquids: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.3

Oxidising solids: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.3

Organic peroxides: conclusive but not sufficient for classification Corrosive to metals: conclusive but not sufficient for classification *) Justification for (non) classification can be found in the CSR section indicated Table 7. Classification and labelling according to CLP / GHS for health hazards Endpoint Hazard category Hazard statement Reason for no classification CSR section*) Acute toxicity - oral: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.2.3

Acute toxicity - dermal: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.2.3

Acute toxicity - inhalation: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.2.3

Skin corrosion / irritation: Skin Irrit. 2 H315: Causes skin irritation. 5.3.4 and 5.4.3 Serious damage / eye irritation: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.3.4

Respiration sensitization: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.5.3

Skin sensitation: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.5.3

Aspiration hazard: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.2.3

Reproductive Toxicity: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.9.3

Reproductive Toxicity: Effects on or via lactation: data lacking 5.9.3

Germ cell mutagenicity: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.7.3EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 11 Carcinogenicity: data lacking 5.8.3 Specific target organ toxicity - single: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.2.3 and 5.3.4 Specific target organ toxicity - repeated: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.6.3

*) Justification for (non) classification can be found in the CSR section indicated Table 8. Classification and labelling according to CLP / GHS for environmental hazards Endpoint Hazard category Hazard statement Reason for no classification CSR section*) Hazards to the aquatic environment (acute/short-ter m): data lacking 7.6

Hazards to the aquatic environment (long-term): Aquatic Chronic 1 H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. 7.6

M-Factor chronic: 10 Hazardous to the ozone layer: data lacking 7.6

*) Justification for (non) classification can be found in the CSR section indicated Labelling Signal word: Warning Hazard pictogram:
GHS07: exclamation mark

GHS09: environment

Hazard statements:
H315: Causes skin irritation. H400: Very toxic to aquatic life. Precautionary statements: P264: Wash... thoroughly after handling. (with soap and water) P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. (Use protective gloves made of: Nitrile. Butyl rubber.)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 12 P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. P273: Avoid release to the environment. P391: Collect spillage. P501: Dispose of contents/container to... (hazardous or special waste collection point.) 

## 3.2. Classification and labe lling according to DSD / DPD 3.2.1. Classification and labelling in Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC
No relevant information available



### 3.2.2. Self classification(s)

Chemical name: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) Related composition: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) Table 9. Self classification according to Directive 67/548/EEC criteria Endpoints Classification Reason for no classification CSR section*) Explosiveness conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.1

Oxidising properties conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.3

Flammability conclusive but not sufficient for classification 6.2

Thermal stability conclusive but not sufficient for classification Acute toxicity conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.2.3

Acute toxicity- irreversible damage after single exposure conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.2.3

Repeated dose toxicity conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.6.3

Irritation / Corrosion Xi; R38 Irritating to skin. 5.3.4 and 5.4.3 Sensitisation conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.5.3

Carcinogenicity data lacking 5.8.3 Mutagenicity - Genetic Toxicity conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.7.3EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 13 Endpoints Classification Reason for no classification CSR section*)Toxicity to reproductionfertility conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.9.3

Toxicity to reproductiondevelopment conclusive but not sufficient for classification 5.9.3

Toxicity to reproduction - b reastfed babies data lacking 5.9.3 Environment N; R50/53 Dangerous for the environment; Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 7.6

*) Justification for (non) classification can be found in the CSR section indicated Labelling Indication of danger: N - dangerous for the environment Xi - irritant R-phrases: R38 - Irritating to skin R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment S-phrases: S37 - wear suitable gloves S57 - use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination S60 - this material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste 

### 3.2.3. Other classification(s)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 14 

# 4. ENVIRONMENTAL FATE PROPERTIES
General discussion of environmental fate and pathways: Alkyl nitriles are poorly soluble in water and have a low vapour pressure. They readily biodegradable and will behave like normal narcotic substances in the environment. The partitioning to the environmental compartments can therefore be predicted using standard QSAR models like EPIsuite. For C12 -18 even numbered alkyl nitrile a log Kow of 5. 12 was measured which is in good agreement with the calculated log Kow (EPIweb v4.0) of 5.19. The adsorption to organic matter is estimated applying the predominantly hydrophobics QSAR from EUSES and resulted in a Koc of 20000. The predicted environmental half-life's are 

## 4.1. Degradation 4.1.1. Abiotic degradation 4.1.1.1. Hydrolysis Data waiving

Information requirement: Hydrolysis

Reason: other justification Justification: AlkylNtriles are readily biodegradable and do not contain hydrolysable covalent bonds. Cleavage of a carbon-nitrogen bond under environmental conditions is only possible with a carbonyl group adjacent to the nitrogen atom. Degradation of alkylnitriles through hydrolysis is therefore not considered.
Discussion The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk / persistency assessment: All AlkylNitriles are readily biodegradable and do not contain hydrolysable covalent bonds. Cleavage of a carbon-nitrogen bond under environmental conditions is only possible with a carbonyl group adjacent to the nitrogen atom. Degradation of these Nitriles through hydrolysis is therefore not considered. 4.1.1.2. Phototransformation/photolysis
4.1.1.2.1. Phototransformation in air No relevant information available
4.1.1.2.2. Phototransformation in water No relevant information available
4.1.1.2.3. Phototransformation in soil No relevant information available 

### 4.1.2. Biodegradation 4.1.2.1. Biodegradation in water 4.1.2.1.1. Screening tests The studies on biodegradation in water (screening tests) are summarised in the following table: Table 10. Screening tests for biodegradation in waterEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 15 Method Results Remarks Reference Test type: ready biodegradability activated sludge, non-adapted OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test) readily biodegradable % Degradation of test substance:

71 after 28 d (CO2 evolution) 1 (reliable without restriction) key study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coconitrile Noack, M. (1996)

Test type: ready biodegradability Secondary Effluent OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test) not inherently biodegradable % Degradation of test substance:

43 after 28 d (CO2 evolution) (20mg/l) 2 (reliable with restrictions) supporting study experimental result Test material (CAS number): 61789-53-5 W.R. Jenkins (1992)

4.1.2.1.2. Simulation tests (water and sediments) No relevant information available 4.1.2.1.3. Summary and discussion of biodegradation in water and sediment Discussion (screening testing) (C12 -18) evennumbered alkylnitrile is ready biodegradable. The 10 day window criterum should not be considered as a test criterium for mixtures (different alkyl chain lengths). The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk / persistency assessment: Alkyl nitriles are poorly soluble in water under normal test concentrations not toxic to sludge bacteria. All alkyl nitriles (C10 - C18) are readily biodegradable.
Value used for CSA: Biodegradation in water: readily biodegradable 4.1.2.2. Biodegradation in soil No relevant information available 

### 4.1.3. Summary and discussion of degradation Biotic degradation Based on the available studies on biodegradation, the substances are estimated to be readily biodegradable, fulfilling the 10-days-window criterion thus there is no requirement for performing a soil biodegradation test (Annex IX. 9.2.1.3). No simulation tests for degradation rates under environmental conditions are available, therefore for the default values suggested by the REACH guidance re used. For soil this is a half life value of 300 days until better soil data become available. 

## 4.2. Environmental distribution 4.2.1. Adsorption/desorption
No relevant information availableEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 16 

### 4.2.2. Volatilisation
No relevant information available 

### 4.2.3. Distribution modelling
No relevant information available 

### 4.2.4. Summary and discussion of environmental distribution It is very likely that alkylNitriles will behave like normal narcotic substances. This would mean that they will not like the amines or ammonium salts be protonated under environmental conditions and will not be surface active. The solubility of the nitriles is due to the absence of protonation much lower than for the compareble amines or ammonium salts. The fate can be estimated using the EPIsuite estimation software. A Koc of 20000 can be estimated from the Log Kow of 5.2 applying the predominantly hydrophobics QSAR as included in EUSES 

## 4.3. Bioaccumulation 4.3.1. Aquatic bioaccumulation
No relevant information available 

### 4.3.2. Terrestrial bioaccumulation
No relevant information available 

### 4.3.3. Summary and discussion of bioaccumulation 

## 4.4. Secondary poisoning Based on the available information the bioaccumulation potential cannot be judged (see CSR chapter 7.6 "PNEC derivation and other hazard conclusions").EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 17 

# 5. HUMAN HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT 5.1. Toxicokinetics (absorption, metabolism, distribution and elimination)
5.1.1. Non-human information
No relevant information available 

### 5.1.2. Human information
No relevant information available 

### 5.1.3. Summary and discussion of toxicokinetics Alkylnitriles are produced at different EU manufacturing sites. They are produced and used as intermediate under strictly controlled conditions only. Consequently, no significant exposures are anticipated, and no risk assessment needs to be performed. With alkylnitriles substances are meant consisting of a linear alkyl chain with a nitrile, with a common structure of CH 3 - [CH 2 ] n - C ≡ N where n is between 10 (Dodecanenitrile) and 16 (Octadecanenitril). As the alkylchains are derived from natural vegetable fatty acids, some level of unsaturation can be present, e. g. for Oleylnitrile (9-Octadecenenitrile). As these substances share the same ch emical structure, and only differ in the length of the alkyl chain, which shows great overlap between them, they will share the same chemical reactivity and have greatly similar physico-chemical properties. So are all alkylnitriles practically insoluble in water and their log Pow values are all around 5 (5.00 for C12-fraction in co conitrile and 5.08 for C18 -fraction in tallownitrile). Consequently, their toxicological profiles will be greatly similar, where the difference of chain length can possibly play a modifying factor for their bio-availability. It is assumed that the shorter chain lengths are possibly somewhat more bio-available. Consequently, toxicological information from one alkylnitriles is of relevance for the evaluation of the others. Specifically with respect to the shorter chain alkyl nitrile, for which its toxicological results possibly represent a worst case value for alkylnitriles with longer chain lengths. The common name for C12-18 (even numbered) nitriles is Coconitrile. Toxicological profile The acute oral toxicity of the Coconitrile is low, with no mortality being observed up to levels of 5000 mg/kg body weight. Also comparable other nitriles as Tallownitrile and Oleylnitrile showed no mortality up to highest tested dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. The acute oral toxicity of the Coconitrile is low, with no mortality being observed up to levels of 5000 mg/kg body weight. Alkylnitriles are irritating to the skin, but are not irritating to eyes. A GPMT study with Coconitrile indicates no concern for sensitisation. Repeated dose administration with the structural analogue Dodecanenitrile (which is the main constituent of Coconitrile) also showed comparatively low toxicity with a NOAEL of 50 mg/kg bw/d from a combined 28-day/reproduction screening study. At 250 mg/kg bw/d animals pushed their heads through the bedding starting on day 4 of mating, indicating discomfort after administration of the test item. No other clinical signs or signs of discomfort were noted. Other findings at 250 mg included lymphoid atrophy in lymphoid organs as well as the hypertrophy of the adrenal glands indicating stress and histopathological ulcerations and erosions in the stomach, possibly promoted by the stress. At the higher dose level of 1000 mg/kg effects were more severe and included lower food consumption and body weight gain, increase of liver weight and mortality in females during and directly after giving birth. The same study also did not indicate a concern for reproductive or developmental toxicity. Genotoxicity: Alkylnitriles do not react with DNA or protein, and bacterial mutagenicity studies with Coconitrile and various other alkylnitriles do not indicate a concern for mutagenicity. Additionally, a mammalian chromosomal aberration study with Dodecanenitrile also does not indicate any genotoxic potential. Based on the lack of genotoxicity and lack of specific organ toxicity in the repeated dose studies, carcinogenic effects are not likely.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 18 Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution Although direct experimental data concerning inhalative, dermal or oral absorption are not available for alkylnitriles, an indication for possible absorption can however be deduced from the physico-chemical properties of these substances and from results of toxicological investigations. Inhalation: Alkylnitriles are practically insoluble in water and log Pow values for these materials are around 5 (5.00 for C12-fraction in coconitrile and 5.08 for C18-fraction in tallownitrile). Vapour pressure is low (1.8 Pa at 20°C for Coconitrile and < 1 Pa for Dodecanenitrile (Boublik T et al, 1984, from EpiWin)). With regard to potential respiratory exposure, a very low vapour pressure can be assumed for the group of Alkylnitriles as with increasing chain-length the vapour pressure drops significantly. Taken together, based on physico-chemical properties and conditions of use, a low respiratory bioavailability can be anticipated. Dermal: Based on the very low water solubility and relative high Pow of 5 rate of transfer to epidermis is probably limited. However, the molecular size is not large and high Pow favours uptake in stratum corneum. As worst case, 100% dermal absorption is assumed. Oral: Being a fatty acid derived molecule, uptake after oral exposure could be mediated by micellular solubilisation by bile salts. The observed increase of liver weight observed at the highest dose in the repeated dose study of Dodecanenitrile is indicative of liver metabolism following gastro-intestinal uptake. In addition, the alkylnitriles satisfy the Lipinski rule indicating likely bioavailability. As worst-case, a value of 100 % oral absorption is assumed.

Available biodegradation studies with alkylnitriles indicate that all members of this category are readily biodegradable. For such substance it can then be assumed that mammals are also capable of metabolisation. Also the OECD Toolbox liver metabolism simulator indicates possible liver metabolism, which is also suggested by the observed increase of liver weights at the highest dose levels in the repeated dose study with dodecanenitrile. Although highly lipophilic substances (log P >4), the repeated dose administration with Dodecanenitrile does not provide an indication for bioaccumulation for these alkylnitriles. 

## 5.2. Acute toxicity
5.2.1. Non-human information 5.2.1.1. Acute toxicity: oral The results of studies on acute toxicity after oral administration are summarised in the following table: Table 11. Studies on acute toxicity after oral administration

Method Results Remarks Reference rat (Sprague-Dawley) male/female oral: gavage equivalent or similar to OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity) LD0: > 5000 mg/kg bw (male/female) based on: test mat. (No mortality at highest dose.) 1 (reliable without restriction) key study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coconitrile Kynoch, SR (1985)

5.2.1.2. Acute toxicity: inhalation No relevant information available 5.2.1.3. Acute toxicity: dermalEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 19 No relevant information available 5.2.1.4. Acute toxicity: other routes No relevant information available 

### 5.2.2. Human information
No relevant information available 

### 5.2.3. Summary and discussion of acute toxicity Coconitrile has shown to be of low acute toxicity following oral administration up to 5000 mg/kg. There were clinical signs observed after dosing that included pilo-erection, hunched posture, waddling, salivation, palor of the extremities, and diarrhea. All signs were completely cleared by day 5. There were no effects on body weight gains and no abnormal autopsy findings at necropsy. Also comparable other nitriles as Tallownitrile and Oleylnitrile showed no mortality up to highest tested dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: Acute toxicity: Oral LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg for rat (LD50 limit test - no mortality)
Justification for classification or non classification Only limited toxicity was observed after oral dosing of 5000 mg/kg, and hence no classification for acute oral toxicity is indicated.

Based on the very low water solubility and relative high Pow of 5, the rate of transfer to epidermis is probably limited. However, the molecular size is not large and high Pow favours uptake in stratum corneum. As worst case, 100% dermal absorption is assumed although in view of anticipated slow uptake into epidermis, systemic peak concentrations will be lower following acute exposures compared to the oral route. Coconitrile is further mildly irritating to skin, and not irritating to the eyes and consequently it is not expected to exert serious toxicity by dermal or inhalatory routes even when uptake is to be considered similar as following oral route. Physical-chemical properties of coconitrile, being a liquid at room temperature with a relatively low vapour pressure (1.8 Pa at 20°C) and water solubility (ca. 25 mg/L), would also limit the likelihood of significant exposures by inhalation. Consequently, Coconitrile need not be classified for acute toxicity by dermal or respiratory route.

Alkylnitriles do not contain aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Also lack of surface activity (based on structure) indicates there is no aspiration hazard for Coconitrile. 

## 5.3. Irritation
5.3.1. Skin
5.3.1.1. Non-human information The results of studies on skin irritation are summarised in the following table:
Table 12. Studies on skin irritation

Method Results Remarks ReferenceEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 20 Method Results Remarks Reference rabbit (New Zealand White) Coverage: semiocclusive (shaved) Vehicle: unchanged (no vehicle)
OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) irritating Erythema score:

2.89 of max. 4 (mean (all animals)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 3 of max. 3 (animal #1 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 3 of max. 4 (animal #2 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 2.67 of max. 3 (animal #3 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 days) (4 hour exposure)
Edema score:

2.44 of max. 4 (mean (all animals)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 - 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 4 of max. 4 (animal #1 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 1.67 of max. 2 (animal #2 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 days) (4 hour exposure) 1.67 of max. 2 (animal #3 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 days) (4 hour exposure) 2 (reliable with restrictions) key study
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach) Test material (CAS number): 2437-25-4 (See endpoint summary for justification of read-across) Hoechst AG

rabbit (New Zealand White) Coverage: occlusive (shaved) Vehicle: unchanged (no vehicle)
OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) Category 3 (mild irritant)
Overall irritation score: 1.2 of max. 1 (mean) (Time point: 4h) (score combined for erythema and oedema)
Overall irritation score: 2.8 of max. 3 (mean) (Time point: 24h) (score combined for erythema and oedema)
Overall irritation score: 2.7 of max. 3 (mean) (Time point: 48h) (score combined for erythema and oedema)
Overall irritation score: 2.7 of max. 4 (mean) (Time point: 72h) (score combined for erythema and oedema) : (Time point: 7 days) (fully reversible) 2 (reliable with restrictions) supporting study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coco nitrile Prinsen, M.K. and Van Beek, L. (1986)

rabbit (New Zealand White) irritating Erythema score: 2 (reliable with restrictions) Hoechst AG (1988)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 21 Method Results Remarks Reference Coverage: semiocclusive (shaved) Vehicle: unchanged (no vehicle)
OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) 2.7 of max. 3 (mean (all animals)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 - 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 2.7 of max. 3 (animal #1 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 days) (4 hour exposure) 2.7 of max. 3 (animal #2 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 2.7 of max. 3 (animal #3 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 14 days) (4 hour exposure)
Edema score: 1.1 of max. 2 (mean (all animals)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 - 14 days) (4 hour exposure) 1 of max. 1 (animal #1 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 days) (4 hour exposure) 1.3 of max. 2 (animal #2 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 7 days) (4 hour exposure) 1 of max. 1 (animal #3 (mean)) (Time point: 24h / 48h / 72h) (fully reversible within: 14 days) (4 hour esposure) weight of evidence
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach) Test material (CAS number): 61790-28-1 (See endpoint summary for justification of read-across)

5.3.1.2. Human information No relevant information available 

### 5.3.2. Eye
5.3.2.1. Non-human information The results of studies on eye irritation are summarised in the following table: Table 13. Studies on eye irritation

Method Results Remarks Reference rabbit (New Zealand White) Vehicle: unchanged (no vehicle)
OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) not irritating
Overall irritation score: 0.25 of max. 1 (mean) (Time point: 1h)
Overall irritation score: 0 of max. 0 (mean) (Time point: 24h) (fully reversible) 1 (reliable without restriction) key study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coco nitrile Prinsen and Van Beek (1986)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 22 Method Results Remarks Reference EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
5.3.2.2. Human information No relevant information available 

### 5.3.3. Respiratory tract
5.3.3.1. Non-human information
5.3.3.2. Human information No relevant information available 

### 5.3.4. Summary and discussion of irritation For this substance there is one study available resulting to very slight to moderate dermal effects. After 7 days, only slight scaliness was still observed in all (six) rabbits. Although observation period was too short, these skin reactions were considered to be reversible. According to GHS, these results should lead to classification as Cat. 3 (mild irritant). However, for the group of alkylnitriles two further GLP studies are available that are relevant for the classification of all members of this category. It concerns a study on dodecanenitrile and tallownitrile, which are both performed according to OECD 404 and EC B.4. The results from these studies indicate that both substances dodecanenitrile and tallownitrile are irritating to skin, requiring classification as Cat.2 for GHS. Dodecanenitrile is representative for the substances in the category of alkylnitriles with the relative shorter alkyl lengths such as coconitrile, whereas tallownitrile is representative for the substances in this category with on average longer chain lengths. With two studies clearly resulting to dermal irritation requiring classification, and one study resulting to mild dermal irritation, the weight of evidence indicates that this substance need to be classified irritating to skin (GHS Cat.2). Although irritating to the skin, none of the in vivo eye irritation studies performed on the various alkyl nitriles indicated a concern for eye irritation. There is no information on possible respiratory irritation. Based on the available information on skin and eye irritation, alkylnitriles are not expected to pose a great concern in this respect. Moreover, based on the very low vapour pressure and water solubility, respiratory irritation is not likely to occur. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: Available information indicates that alkylnitriles are irritating to the skin, but not irritating to the eyes.
Value used for CSA: Skin irritation / corrosion: Adverse effect observed (irritating) Eye irritation / corrosion: No adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Justification for classification or non classification Based on weight of evidence following two appropriately performed studies on relevant substances that indicate that alkylnitriles are irritating to the skin, and a preferen ce for a classification resulting to the highest level of protection, the substance coconitrile should be cl assified for CLP as dermal irritant, Cat.2. Coconitrile was not irritating to rabbit eyes. 

## 5.4. CorrosivityEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 23 

### 5.4.1. Non-human information 5.4.2. Human information 5.4.3. Summary and discussion of corrosion 

## 5.5. Sensitisation
5.5.1. Skin
5.5.1.1. Non-human information The results of studies on skin sensitisation are summarised in the following table:
Table 14. Studies on skin sensitisation

Method Results Remarks Reference guinea pig (Dunkin-Hartley) female Guinea pig maximisation test
Induction: intradermal and epicutaneous Challenge: epicutaneous, occlusive
Vehicle: corn oil OECD No. 406 (1992) "Skin Sensitization" EC No 440/2008; B6: "Skin Sensitization: Guinea-Pig Maximization Test (GPMT)" EPA OPPTS 870.2600 (2003) “Skin Sensitization” JMAFF Guidelines (2000) including the most recent partial revisions. not sensitising No. with positive reactions: 1st reading: 0 out of 5 (negative control); 24 h after chall.; dose: 0 1st reading: 3 out of 10 (test group); 24 h after chall.; dose: 100% 2nd reading: 1 out of 5 (control); 48 h after chall.; dose: 0 2nd reading: 2 out of 10 (test group); 48 h after chall.; dose: 100% rechallenge: 0 out of 5 (negative control); 24 h after chall.; dose: 0 rechallenge: 1 out of 10 (test group); 24 h after chall.; dose: 100% rechallenge: 0 out of 5 (negative control); 48 h after chall.; dose: 0 rechallenge: 1 out of 10 (test group); 48 h after chall.; dose: 100% 1 (reliable without restriction) key study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coconitrile van Huygevoort, AHBM. (2010)

5.5.1.2. Human information No relevant information available 

### 5.5.2. Respiratory system
5.5.2.1. Non-human information No relevant information available
5.5.2.2. Human information No relevant information available 

### 5.5.3. Summary and discussion of sensitisation
Skin sensitisation GPMT study on coconitrile performed under GLP and according to OECD guideline 406 resulted to a weak reaction in only 10% of the animals. Accordingly, no classification is required for dermal sensitisation.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 24 The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: Not Sensitising Value used for CSA: No adverse effect observed (not sensitising) Respiratory sensitisation GPMT study on coconitrile performed under GLP and according to OECD guideline 406 resulted to a weak reaction in only 10% of the animals. Accordingly, no classification is required for dermal sensitisation. As chemical respiratory sensitisers also elicit positive results in predictive tests for contact sensitisation, the negative outcome for dermal sensitisation is also predictive for non respiratory sensitisation of the substance. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: Not Sensitising Value used for CSA: No adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
Justification for classification or non classification GPMT study on coconitrile performed under GLP and according to OECD guideline 406 resulted to a weak reaction in only 10% of the animals. Accordingly, no classification is required for dermal sensitisation. 

## 5.6. Repeated dose toxicity
5.6.1. Non-human information 5.6.1.1. Repeated dose toxicity: oral The results of studies on repeated dose toxicity after oral administration are summarised in the following table: Table 15. Studies on repeated dose toxicity after oral administration

Method Results Remarks Reference rat (Wistar) male/female combined repeated dose and reproduction / developmental screening (oral: gavage) 0, 50, 250, 1000 mg/kg bw/day (m/f) Vehicle: 2% Methylcellulose Exposure: Pre-pairing: 14-days Pairing: Until mating Gestation: about 21 days Parturition/lactation: until day 4 post partum Termination: males: minimum 28 days;females: day 5 post partum. (Daily) OECD Guideline 422 (Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test) NOEL: 50 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received) (male/female) based on: test mat. (At next higher level (250 mg/kg) clinical signs, histopathological findings stomach & adrenal glands.) 2 (reliable with restrictions) key study read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Test material (IUPAC name): dodecanenirile (See endpoint summary for justification of read-across) Senn C, Flade D, Thio T (2007)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 25 5.6.1.2. Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation No relevant information available 5.6.1.3. Repeated dose toxicity: dermal No relevant information available 5.6.1.4. Repeated dose toxicity: other routes No relevant information available 

### 5.6.2. Human information
No relevant information available 

### 5.6.3. Summary and discussion of repeated dose toxicity A combined repeated dose/reproduction screening toxicity study according to OECD 422 has been performed with Dodecanenitrile (CAS 2437-25-4). As C12 is about the average and represents the major part of the range of alkyl chains in coco (45 -62%), these results provide a rather good indication of the possible hazards to reproduction of Coconitrile. The overall NOAEL is 50 mg/kg based on effects at next higher dose level of 250 mg/kg. Effects observed at 250 mg/kg/day: All animals pushed their heads through the bedding after administration and open field activity and locomotor activity were reduced. Histopathological findings were observed in the stomach, consisting of increased incidence of ulceration, erosion and mucosal necrosis in the forestomach and glandular stomach, and a minimal hypertrophy of the zona fasciculata of adrenal glands in some females. Clinical biochemistry data revealed se veral effects for hemoglobin and corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and platelet count in males. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: NOAEL = 50 mg/kg bw/day Value used for CSA (via oral route - systemic effects): (NOAEL: 50 mg/kg bw/day) (subacute; rat) Target organs: digestive: stomach
Justification for classification or non classification Classification for STOT-RE Cat.2 is indicated when severe toxicity is observed at levels of 100 mg/kg bw/day or below during a sub-chronic (90 -day) repeated dose st udy. In case of shorter study duration as a 28-day the equivalent guidance value becomes 300 mg/kg bw/day. The OECD 422 study can be compared with a 28 -day study, although the females are exposed longer (generally over 43 days). The combined repeated dose/reproduction screening toxicity study shows that the level of 250 mg/kg bw/day results to only limited toxicity. Hence no classification for STOT-RE is required. 

## 5.7. Mutagenicity
5.7.1. Non-human information
5.7.1.1. In vitro data The results of in vitro genotoxicity studies are summarised in the following table: Table 16. In vitro genotoxicity studies

Method Results Remarks Reference bacterial reverse mutation assay (e.g. Ames test) (gene mutation) Evaluation of results: negative 1 (reliable without restriction) Verspeek-Rip CM (2009)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 26 Method Results Remarks Reference S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 (met. act.: with and without) E. coli WP2 uvr A (met. act.: with and without) Test concentrations: Experiment 1: Preliminary test (without and with S9) TA100 and WP2uvrA: 3, 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3330 and 5000 μg/plate Main study: TA1535, TA1537 and TA98: Without and with S9-mix: 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000 and 3300 μg/plate Experiment 2: TA1535, TA1537, TA100 With and without S9-mix: 10, 33, 100, 333 and 1000 μg/plate. TA98 and WP2uvrA With and without S9-mix: 33, 100, 333, 1000 and 3330 μg/plate. Positive control substance(s): sodium azide (5 μg/plate in saline for TA1535) Positive control substance(s): 9-aminoacridine (60 μg/plate in water for TA1537) Positive control substance(s): 2-nitrofluorene (10 μg/plate in DMSO for TA98) Positive control substance(s): methylmethanesulfonate (650 μg/plate in DMSO for TA100) Positive control substance(s): 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (10 μg/plate in DMSO for WP2 uvrA) Positive control substance(s): 2-aminoanthracene in DMSO for all tester strains OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Test results: negative for S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 ; met. act.: with and without ; cytotoxicity: yes ; vehicle controls valid: yes; positive controls valid: yes negative for E. coli WP2 uvr A ; met. act.: with and without ; cytotoxicity: no, but tested up to precipitating concentrations ; vehicle controls valid: yes; positive controls valid: yes key study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coco nitrileEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 27 Method Results Remarks Reference Mutation Test Using Bacteria) in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test (chromosome aberration) Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79) (met. act.: with and without)
Test concentrations: Selection of top dose: 1850 μg/mL (approx. 10 mM.). Dose range finding test: (p=Precipitation occurred at end of treatment.) 4 and 24 hours, with S9-mix (μg/mL): 14.5, 28.9, 57.8, 115.6p, 231.3p, 462.5p, 925.0p, 1850.0p. 4 hours, without S9-mix (μg/mL): 14.5, 28.9, 57.8, 115.6, 231.3, 462.5p, 925.0p, 1850.0p. First experiment: (p=Precipitation occurred 4 hours after start 9of treatment) without S9-mix, 4 hours (μg/mL): 1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0p with S9-mix, 4-hours (μg/mL): 57.8, 115.6, 231.3, 462.5, 925.0, 1850.0 Second experiment without S9-mix, 18 hours (μg/mL): 0.8, 1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25.0p without S9-mix, 28 hours (μg/mL): 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25.0p, 50.0p, 75.0p with S9-mix, 4-hours (μg/mL): 57.8, 115.6, 231. 3, 462.5, 925.0p, 1850.0p OECD Guideline 473 (In vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test) (Adopted July 21, 1997) Evaluation of results: negative Test results:

negative for Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79)(all strains/cell types tested) ; met. act.: with and without ; cytotoxicity: yes (Tested up to cytotoxic and precipitating concentrations) ; vehicle controls valid: yes; negative controls valid: not applicable; positive controls valid: yes 2 (reliable with restrictions) key study
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Test material (IUPAC name): dodecanenitrile (See endpoint summary for justification of read-across) Kunz S, Schulz M (2006)

5.7.1.2. In vivo data No relevant information available 

### 5.7.2. Human information
No relevant information availableEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 28 

### 5.7.3. Summary and discussion of mutagenicity The substance does not show any activity on bacterial mutagenicity. Also bacterial mutagenicity studies with other alkylnitriles show negative results. Additionally, a mammalian chromosomal aberration study on V97 cells according to OECD 473 has been performed with Dodecanenitrile (CAS 2437-25-4) and also does not indicate any genotoxic potential. As C12 is about the average and represents the major part of the range of alkyl chains in coco (45 -62%), these results pr ovide a rather good indication of the possible hazards for genotoxicity of Coconitrile. Additionally, the alkylnitriles do not react with DNA or react to protein (indicated by OECD Toolbox profiling). The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: In vitro Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (Ames): not mutagenic In vitro Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration Test: not genotoxic (Read-across from dodecanenitrile) Value used for CSA: Genetic toxicity: No adverse effect observed (negative)
Justification for classification or non classification Alkylnitriles do not interact with DNA or protein. Available bacterial mutagenicity studies and an in vitro chromosomal aberration study show no indication of genotoxic potential. 

## 5.8. Carcinogenicity
5.8.1. Non-human information 5.8.1.1. Carcinogenicity: oral No relevant information available 5.8.1.2. Carcinogenicity: inhalation No relevant information available 5.8.1.3. Carcinogenicity: dermal No relevant information available 5.8.1.4. Carcinogenicity: other routes No relevant information available 

### 5.8.2. Human information
No relevant information available 

### 5.8.3. Summary and discussion of carcinogenicity 

## 5.9. Toxicity for reproduction 5.9.1. Effects on fertility
5.9.1.1. Non-human information The results of studies on fertility are summarised in the following table: Table 17. Studies on fertility

Method Results Remarks ReferenceEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 29 Method Results Remarks Reference rat (Wistar) male/female screening oral: gavage (nominal conc. (0-50-250-1000 mg/kg/day)) Vehicle: 2% Methylcellulose Exposure: Pre-pairing: 14-days Pairing: Until mating Gestation: about 21 days Parturition/lactation: until day 4 post partum Termination: males: minimum 28 days; pups: day 4 post partum; dams: day 5 post partum. (Daily) OECD Guideline 422 (Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test) NOEL (P): 50 mg/kg bw/day (male/female) based on: test mat. (At next higher level (250 mg/kg) clinical signs, histopathological findings stomach & adrenal glands.) 2 (reliable with restrictions) key study
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Test material (IUPAC name): dodecanenitrile (See endpoint summary for justification of read-across) Senn C, Flade D, Thio T (2007)

Toxicity to reproduction: other studies No relevant information available
5.9.1.2. Human information No relevant information available 

### 5.9.2. Developmental toxicity
5.9.2.1. Non-human information No relevant information available
5.9.2.2. Human information No relevant information available 

### 5.9.3. Summary and discussion of reproductive toxicity Effects on fertility A combined repeated dose/reproduction screening toxicity study according to OECD 422 has been performed with Dodecanenitrile (CAS 2437-25-4). As C12 is about the average and represents the major part of the range of alkyl chains in coco (45 -62%), these results provide a rather good indication of the possible hazards to reproduction of Coconitrile. The NOAEL for reproductive eff ects from this study is 250 mg/kg, based on death and poor health of the females at 1000 mg/kg. At 1000 mg/kg/day, two of the ten females were not pregnant, and seven females died or were killed for ethical reasons during or directly after giving birth or by day 4 post partum, leaving just one animal that reared her pups until day 4 pp. Reproductive performance: precoital time, duration of gestation, and number of implantations were not affected at 1000 mg/kg. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment:EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 30 NOAEL = 250 mg/kg bw/day Value used for CSA (route: oral):

NOAEL: 250 mg/kg bw/day Developmental toxicity A combined repeated dose/reproduction screening toxicity study according to OECD 422 has been performed with Dodecanenitrile (CAS 2437-25-4). As C12 is about the average and represents the major part of the range of alkyl chains in coco (45 -62%), these results provide a rather good indication of the possible hazards to reproduction of Coconitrile. The NOAEL for reproductive eff ects from this study is 250 mg/kg, based on death and poor health of the females at 1000 mg/kg. At 1000 mg/kg/day, two of the ten females were not pregnant, and seven females died or were killed for ethical reasons during or directly after giving birth or by day 4 post partum, leaving just one animal that reared her pups until day 4 pp. Developmental related effects observed included increased incidence of post implantation loss, reduced mean litter size, increased incidence of dead pups at first litter check and increased incidence of postnatal loss. Only when calculated for all dams giving birth the incidence of postnatal loss was statistically significantly increased in group 4. This increase was considered to be treatment related. When calculated for all dams with live pups on day 4 post partum the incidence of postnatal loss of the remaining single female in group 4 was not increased. Examinations of pups during gross pathology did not show indications of possible congenital malformations, but then again no full histopathology has been performed on the pups. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: NOAEL = 250 mg/kg bw/day Value used for CSA (route: oral)

NOAEL: 250 mg/kg bw/day
Justification for classification or non classification The combined repeated dose/reproduction screening toxicity study with Dodecanenitrile (CAS 2437-25-4) showed no effects up to levels showing maternal toxicity. Higher dose levels resulted to high maternal toxicity causing death of most of the dams, and effects seen in pups are likely subsequent to maternal toxicity. No macroscopic malformations have been observed in the pups. The highest non-lethal dose remained without effect on reproduction parameters. 

## 5.10. Other effects
5.10.1. Non-human information 5.10.1.1. Neurotoxicity No relevant information available 5.10.1.2. Immunotoxicity No relevant information available 5.10.1.3. Specific investigations: other studies No relevant information available 

### 5.10.2. Human information
No relevant information available 

### 5.10.3. Summary and discus sion of other effectsEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 31 

## 5.11. Derivation of DNEL(s) an d other hazard conclusions 5.11.1. Overview of typical dose descriptors for all endpoints Table 18. Available dose-descriptor(s) per endpoint as a result of its hazard assessment Endpoint Route Dose descriptor or qualitative effect characterisation; test t yp e Reference to selected study (see footnotes for j ustification) Irritation / Corrosivity skin Adverse effect observed irritating Irritation / Corrosivity eye No adverse effect obse rved (not irritating) Sensitisation skin No adverse effect observed (not sensitising) Sensitisation respiratory tract No adverse effect observ ed (not sensitising) Repeated dose toxicity oral NOAEL: 50 mg/kg bw/day (subacute; rat) Target organs: digestive: stomach Mutagenicity in vitro / in vivo No adverse effect observed (negative) see section 5.7.1 / 5.7.2 Reproductive toxicity: effects on fertility oral

Reproductive toxicity: developmental toxicity oral



### 5.11.2. Selection of the DNEL(s) or other hazard conclusion for critical health effects
Table 19. Hazard conclusions for workers

Route Type of effect Hazard conclusion Most sensitive endpoint Inhalation Systemic effects - Long-term >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previous version.<<< Inhalation Systemic effects - Acute >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previous version.<<< Inhalation Local effects - Long-term >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previous version.<<< Inhalation Local effects - Acute >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previous version.<<< Dermal Systemic effects - Long-ter m >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previousEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 32 Route Type of effect Hazard conclusion Most sensitive endpoint version.<<< Dermal Systemic effects - Acute >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previous version.<<< Dermal Local effects - Long-term >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previous version.<<< Dermal Local effects - Acute >>>CAUTION: IUCLID field "Hazard assessment conclusion" populated with an obsolete value migrated from a previous version.<<< Eyes Local effects

Further explanation on hazard conclusions:

- Inhalation Systemic effects - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Inhalation Systemic effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Inhalation Local effects - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Inhalation Local effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Dermal Systemic effects - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Dermal Systemic effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Dermal Local effe cts - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Dermal Local effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required
Discussion Not applicable for Chemical intermediate produced under SCC on-site. Table 20. Hazard conclusions for the general population

Route Type of effect Hazard conclusion Most sensitive endpoint Inhalation Systemic effects - Long-term Inhalation Systemic effects - Acute Inhalation Local effects - Long-term Inhalation Local effects - Acute Dermal Systemic effects - Long-termEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 33 Route Type of effect Hazard conclusion Most sensitive endpoint Dermal Systemic effects - Acute Dermal Local effects - Long-term Dermal Local effects - Acute Oral Systemic effects - Long-term Oral Systemic effects - Acute Eyes Local effects

Further explanation on hazard conclusions:

- Inhalation Systemic effects - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is require d

- Inhalation Systemic effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Inhalation Local effects - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Inhalation Local effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Dermal Systemic effects - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Dermal Systemic effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Dermal Local effe cts - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is require d

- Dermal Local effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Oral Systemic effects - Long-term: For intermediates no CSR is required

- Oral Systemic effects - Acute: For intermediates no CSR is required
Discussion Not applicable for Chemical intermediate produced under SCC on-site.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 34 

# 6. HUMAN HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 6.1. Explosivity Data waiving: see CSR section 1.3 Physicochemical properties.
Discussion According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, explosivity is not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure. ” In chapter R.7a a ta ble (Table R.7.1-28) of chemical groups associated with explosive properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have explosive properties. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, explosivity is not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure. ” In chapter R.7a a ta ble (Table R.7.1-28) of chemical groups associated with explosive properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have explosive properties. Classification according to GHS
Name: C12-18 evennumbered alkyl nitrile

Related composition: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) Reason for no classification: conclusive but not sufficient for classification Classification according to DSD / DPD Classification status: 67/548/EEC self classification (Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered))

Reason for no classification: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 

## 6.2. Flammability Flammability Data waiving: see CSR section 1.3 Physicochemical properties.
Discussion According toGuidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance, for liquids and low melting point solids, the primary value for ease of ignition is the flash point. Therefore, the flash point has been determined for the test substance. In chapter R.7a several examples of chemical groups associated withpyrophoricity and flammability on contact with water are given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not havepyrophoricityproperties nor is itflammable on contact with water. The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: According to Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance, for liquids and low melting point solids, the primary value for ease of ignition is the flash point. Therefore, the flash point has been determined for the test substance. In chapter R.7a several examples of chemical groups associated with pyrophoricity and flammability on contact with water are given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this substance does not have pyrophoricity properties nor is it flammable on contact with water.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 35 Flash point The available information on flash point is summarised in the following table: Table 21. Information on flash point

Method Results Remarks Reference closed cup
ISO 2719:2002 (Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup method) Flash point: 118 °C at ca. 1 atm 2 (reliable with restrictions) key study experimental result
Test material: >>>??? ID not the same as in section 1.1, although "yes" is indicated in field "Identity of test material same as for substance defined in section 1 (if not read-across)"<<< Bo Karlsson (2009)

Discussion The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: The flash point is determined to 118 oC. Classification according to GHS
Name: C12-18 evennumbered alkyl nitrile

Related composition: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) Reason for no classification (Flammable gases): conclusive but not sufficient for classification Reason for no classification (Flammable aerosols): conclusive but not sufficient for classification Reason for no classification (Flammable liquids): co nclusive but not suffic ient for cl assification Reason for no classification (Flammable solids): c onclusive but not sufficient for classification Classification according to DSD / DPD Classification status: 67/548/EEC self classification (Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered))

Reason for no classification: conclusive but not sufficient for classification 

## 6.3. Oxidising potential Data waiving: see CSR section 1.3 Physicochemical properties.
Discussion According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, oxidising properties are not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure. ” In ch apter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-29) of chemical groups associated with oxidising properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this s ubstance does not have oxidising properties.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 36 The following information is taken into account for any hazard / risk assessment: According to "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7a: Endpoint specific guidance", “For the majority of substances, oxidising properties are not a concern and testing can be waived based on a consideration of the structure. ” In ch apter R.7a a table (Table R.7.1-29) of chemical groups associated with oxidising properties is given. The registered substance does not contain any of these chemical groups. Therefore, based on structure, this s ubstance does not have oxidising properties. Classification according to GHS
Name: C12-18 evennumbered alkyl nitrile

Related composition: Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) Reason for no classification (Oxidising gases): conclusive but not sufficient for classification Reason for no classification (Oxidising liquids): conclusive but not sufficient for classification Reason for no classification (Oxidising solids): conclusive but not sufficient for classification Classification according to DSD / DPD Classification status: 67/548/EEC self classification (Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered))

Reason for no classification: conclusive but not sufficient for classificationEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 37 

# 7. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT 7.1. Aquatic compartmen t (including sediment) Acute aquatic toxicity data is available for fish, daphnia and algae. Based on the available data it is very likely that fish are less sensitive compared to algae and daphnia. The observed EC50's for Algae and daphnia are resp. 1.02 mg/L and 18 μg/L 

### 7.1.1. Fish 7.1.1.1. Short-term toxicity to fish The results are summarised in the following table:
Table 22. Short-term effects on fish

Method Results Remarks Reference Brachydanio rerio (new name: Danio rerio) freshwater
semi-static OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test) (version 1984) LC50 (96 h): 32 mg/L test mat. (nominal) based on: mortality LC50 (96 h): 3.5 mg/L test mat. (meas. (geom. mean)) based on: mortality 2 (reliable with restrictions) key study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coco nitrile AkzoNobel (1992)

Discussion One acute fish study has been performed but without quantification of the exposure concentration. Based on the available ecotox data on other aquatic species it is not expected that fish are going to be the most sensitive trophic level. The following information is taken into account for acute fish toxicity for the derivation of PNEC: LC50 fish is 32 mg/L
Value used for CSA: LC50 for freshwater fish: 32 mg/L 7.1.1.2. Long-term toxicity to fish No relevant information available 

### 7.1.2. Aquatic invertebrates 7.1.2.1. Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates The results are summarised in the following table: Table 23. Short-term effects on aquatic invertebrates

Method Results Remarks Reference Daphnia magna freshwater EC50 (48 h): 33 μg/L test mat. (meas. (initial)) based on: mobility (na) 2 (reliable with restrictions) key study Jenkins, W.R (1992)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 38 Method Results Remarks Reference

static OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) EC50 (48 h): 18 μg/L test mat. (meas. (geom. mean)) based on: mobility (na) experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coco nitrile Daphnia magna freshwater
static OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) EC50 (48 h): 0.091 mg/L test mat. (nominal) based on: mobility (0.076-0.109 mg/L) 4 (not assignable) supporting study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coco nitrile Zok (1994)

Discussion Two acute daphnia tests have been performed with C12-18 evennumbered alkyl Nitrile. Only one of them is considered of acceptable quality. The EC50 based on active ingredient and monitored exposure concentration is 18 μg/L The following information is taken into account for short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates for the derivation of PNEC: The EC50 for aquatic invertebrates based on active ingredient and monitored exposure concentration of the key study is 18 μg/L.
Value used for CSA: EC50/LC50 for freshwater invertebrates: 18 μg/L 7.1.2.2. Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates No relevant information available 

### 7.1.3. Algae and aquatic plants The results are summarised in the following table: Table 24. Effects on algae and aquatic plants

Method Results Remarks Reference Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata (algae)
freshwater
static OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test) EC50 (72 h): 1.02 mg/L test mat. (meas. (initial)) based on: growth rate ((0.902 - 1.15)) EC10 (72 h): 0.069 mg/L test mat. (100% active ingredient) (meas. (initial)) based on: growth rate ((0.039-0.097)) 1 (reliable without restriction) key study experimental result
Test material (Common name): Coco nitrile Scheerbaum, Dirk (2010)

Discussion Effects on algae / cyanobacteria The EC50 for aquatic algae is 1.02 mg/L based on nominal initial test concentrations. The test was performed in natural river water.EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 39 The exposure concentrations were monitored but as the bulk-approach is applied and no sorption to glassware or (bio) degradation is considered to take place the algae were fully exposued to the nominal test substance concentrations during the test. The following information is taken into account for effects on algae / cyanobacteria for the derivation of PNEC: The EC50 based on growth for aquatic algae is 1.02 mg/L based on nominal test concentrations. The observed EC10 based on growth is 69 μg/L based on nominal test concentrations
Value used for CSA: EC50/LC50 for freshwater algae: 1.02 mg/L EC10/LC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae: 69 μg/L 

### 7.1.4. Sediment organisms
No relevant information available 

### 7.1.5. Other aquatic organisms
No relevant information available 

## 7.2. Terrestrial compartment 7.2.1. Toxicity to soil macro-organisms
No relevant information available 

### 7.2.2. Toxicity to terrestrial plants
No relevant information available 

### 7.2.3. Toxicity to soil micro-organisms
No relevant information available 

### 7.2.4. Toxicity to other terrestrial organisms
No relevant information available 

## 7.3. Atmospheric compartment

7.4. Microbiological activity in sewage treatment systems

No relevant information available
Discussion During a five-day bacterial inhibition assay (Jenkins), performed under the conditions of the Closed Bottle test (EEC Procedure C6, OECD Procedure 301D), the test subs tance at 2 or 10 mg/l did not inhibit degradation of the reference material sodium benzoate. In the absence of an actual sludge inhibition test results, data from ready tests can be used as an alternative. The following information is taken into account for effects on aquatic micro-organisms for the derivation of PNEC: No inhibition of the oxydation in the toxicity control in a ready biodegradability test in the presence of testEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 40 substance up to 10 mg/L was observed.
Value used for CSA: EC10/LC10 or NOEC for aquatic micro-organisms: 10 mg/L 

## 7.5. Non compartment specific effe cts relevant for the food chain (secondary poisoning) 7.5.1. Toxicity to birds
No relevant information available 

### 7.5.2. Toxicity to mammals
No relevant information available 

## 7.6. PNEC derivation and other hazard conclusionsEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

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# 8. PBT AND vPvB ASSESSMENT 8.1. Assessment of PBT/vPvB Properties 8.1.1. PBT/vPvB criteria and justification 8.1.2. Summary and overall conclusions on PBT or vPvB properties
Overall conclusion: >>>CAUTION: Please complete the field "PBT assessment: overall result" in the endpoint summary for IUCLID section 2.3 by selecting the appropriate conclusion from the picklist. <<<EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

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# 9. EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT (and related risk characterisation)EC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

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# 10. RISK CHARACTERISATION RELATED TO COMBINED EXPOSUREEC number: 628-856-6 Nitriles, C12-18 (even numbered) CAS number: 1218787-29-1

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# REFERENCES

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2013-05-13 CSR-PI-5.4.1 CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT 45 Pig (Maximization Test). Testing laboratory: NOTOX B. V., ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands. Report no.: 493502. Owner company: Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry AB, Stenungsund, Sweden. Report date: 2010-06-24.