U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 

1

19–010

" SENATE ! 107th Congress 

2d Session 

REPORT

2002

107–323

Calendar No. 740

PROFESSIONAL BOXING AMENDMENTS 

ACT OF 2002

REPORT

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND 

TRANSPORTATION

ON

S. 2550

OCTOBER 17, 2002.—Ordered to be printed 


e:\Seals\Congress.#13
(II)

SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION 

ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, South Carolina, Chairman 

DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii 

JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER IV, West Virginia 

JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts 

JOHN B. BREAUX, Louisiana 

BYRON L. DORGAN, North Dakota 

RON WYDEN, Oregon 

MAX CLELAND, Georgia 

BARBARA BOXER, California 

JOHN EDWARDS, North Carolina 

JEAN CARNAHAN, Missouri 

BILL NELSON, Florida 

JOHN MCCAIN, Arizona 

TED STEVENS, Alaska 

CONRAD BURNS, Montana 

TRENT LOTT, Mississippi 

KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas 

OLYMPIA J. SNOWE, Maine 

SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas 

GORDON SMITH, Oregon 

PETER G. FITZGERALD, Illinois 

JOHN ENSIGN, Nevada 

GEORGE ALLEN, Virginia 

KEVIN D. KAYES, Staff Director 

MOSES BOYD, Chief Counsel 

GREGG ELIAS, General Counsel 

JEANNE BUMPUS, Republican Staff Director and General Counsel 

ANN BEGEMAN, Republican Deputy Staff Director 

ROBERT W. CHAMBERLIN, Republican Chief Counsel 

19–010

Calendar No. 740

107TH CONGRESS REPORT " SENATE ! 2d Session 107–323

PROFESSIONAL BOXING AMENDMENTS ACT OF 2002

OCTOBER 17, 2002.—Ordered to be printed 

Mr. HOLLINGS, from the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 

Transportation, submitted the following 

R E P O R T 

[To accompany S. 2550]

The Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, to 

which was referred the bill (S. 2550) to amend the Professional 

Boxing Safety Act of 1996, and to establish the United States Boxing Administration, having considered the same, reports favorably 

thereon with an amendment (in the nature of a substitute) and recommends that the bill (as amended) do pass. 

PURPOSE OF THE BILL

S. 2550 would amend the Professional Boxing Safety Act of 1996 

(15 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.), as amended by the Muhammad Ali Boxing 

Reform Act of 2000 (Pub. L. 106-210), to strengthen existing Federal boxing laws by standardizing certain health and safety requirements, establishing a centralized medical registry to be used 

by local boxing commissions to protect boxers, reducing arbitrary 

practices of sanctioning organizations, and providing uniformity in 

ranking criteria and contractual guidelines. The bill would also establish a Federal entity, the United States Boxing Administration 

(USBA), to promulgate minimum uniform standards for professional boxing and enforce Federal boxing laws. 

BACKGROUND AND NEEDS

Professional boxing is the only major sport in the United States 

that does not have a strong, centralized association or league to establish and enforce uniform rules and practices. There is no widelyestablished union of boxers, no collective body of promoters or managers, and no consistent level of State regulation among State athletic commissions. This vacuum of effective public or private overVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
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sight has contributed to decades of scandals, controversies, and unethical practices in professional boxing, in addition to gaps in 

health and safety protections. 

The professional boxing industry is regulated on a State-by-State 

basis, which results in varying degrees of oversight depending on 

the will and resources of each State’s athletic commission or boxing 

regulatory office. Due to the lack of uniform business practices or 

ethical standards, the sport of boxing has suffered from the physical and financial exploitation of its athletes. 

Specific examples of business misconduct in boxing include: promoters deducting large percentages of a boxer’s purse for their own 

use; promoters coercing boxers into signing long-term, onerous contracts as a condition for competing; promoters forcing boxers to hire 

an associate or relative of the promoter; and illegitimate ratings 

systems wherein sanctioning organizations rank boxers and award 

‘‘championship titles’’ based on boxers’ personal connections rather 

than win/loss records. Under the current system, business relationships between promoters and sanctioning organizations largely 

take precedence over the abilities of fighters. 

In 1996, the Professional Boxing Safety Act of 1996 (PBSA) was 

enacted (P.L. 104-272). The PBSA was a bipartisan measure that 

sought to establish a minimum level of health and safety requirements to protect the welfare of professional boxers. Prior to the 

PBSA, while many States had boxing laws on the books, others did 

not require any public oversight of boxing, and the absence of enforcement of regulations resulted in fraudulent bouts, the exploitation of boxers, and a lack of adequate medical services at many 

events. 

The PBSA, among other things, requires State athletic commissions to oversee all professional boxing events; prohibits medicallysuspended fighters from participating in boxing events; assures 

that States are aware if a fighter has been suspended in another 

State; requires adequate medical services to be available at ringside; and requires all boxers to be given an identification card 

issued by their State commission. The PBSA also includes a conflict 

of interest provision that prohibits State commissioners from receiving compensation from business interests in the industry. 

In 1998, Congress again sought to reform the professional boxing 

industry. The Senate passed another bipartisan measure, the Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act (Muhammad Ali Act), but the 

House did not act on it. The legislation was reintroduced during 

the 106th Congress, approved by the House and Senate, and signed 

into law in May 2000 (P.L. 106-210). The Muhammad Ali Act is designed to protect the rights and welfare of professional boxers by 

preventing exploitive, oppressive, and unethical business practices; 

to assist State boxing commissions in providing more effective public oversight of the sport; and to promote honorable competition to 

enhance the overall integrity of the boxing industry. 

Unfortunately, both the PBSA (as amended by the Muhammad 

Ali Act) and State laws have not been adequately enforced by Federal and State law enforcement officials. The primary reasons for 

this lack of enforcement have been either a lack of resources in 

Federal and State budgets or simply a lack of interest. 

An area of particular concern with the professional boxing industry involves the role and conduct of sanctioning organizations. 

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Rather than having a single, internationally recognized ‘‘Heavyweight Champion’’ or ‘‘Welterweight Champion,’’ there are now 

more than a half dozen such ‘‘champions’’ as determined by a variety of boxing ratings organizations. The most prominent are the 

World Boxing Council (WBC), based in Mexico City; the World Boxing Association (WBA), based in Venezuela; the International Boxing Federation (IBF), based in New Jersey; and the World Boxing 

Union (WBU), based in England. Each of these organizations operates independently, and often their ratings are subjective judgments about the relative skills of boxers. In effect, they compete 

with one another, commonly ignoring the highly-rated boxer of a 

competing sanctioning body in order to promote their own ‘‘champion’’ and top contenders. Sanctioning organizations fund their activities by charging boxers 3-5 percent of their purse as a sanctioning fee. 

Sanctioning organizations are continuously criticized by members 

of the boxing industry, sportswriters, and boxing fans for diminishing the legitimacy of the title, ‘‘world champion,’’ and ranking 

boxers based on financial agreements rather than the skills of the 

fighters. These practices by sanctioning organizations often prevent 

boxing fans from seeing the best fighters compete in each weight 

division. The Muhammad Ali Act addressed this manipulation of 

ratings by requiring that sanctioning organizations annually disclose their ratings policies and bylaws by either posting the information on their websites or filing it with the Federal Trade Commission. 

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY

On May 22, 2002, Senators McCain and Dorgan introduced S. 

2550. On that same day, the Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs, 

Foreign Commerce, and Tourism held a hearing chaired by Senator 

Dorgan to examine what effect current Federal boxing law has had 

on the professional boxing industry and what, if anything, is necessary to further improve the sport and the enforcement of the law. 

The hearing also addressed whether the PBSA (as amended by the 

Muhammad Ali Act) has improved the physical and financial status 

of boxers, and whether requiring financial disclosure by promoters 

and sanctioning organizations has limited their ability to exploit 

fighters and the system. 

Witnesses who testified at the hearing included: Senator Harry 

Reid, Muhammad Ali (former heavyweight champion), Roy Jones, 

Jr. (light heavyweight champion), Lou DiBella (former head of 

HBO), Bert Sugar (boxing commentator), Emanuel Steward (legendary trainer), and Tim Lueckenhoff (President of the Association 

of Boxing Commissions). All who testified agreed that a Federal 

regulatory entity to oversee the sport is needed. 

ESTIMATED COSTS

In compliance with subsection (a)(3) of paragraph 11 of rule 

XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee states 

that, in its opinion, it is necessary to dispense with the requirements of paragraphs (1) and (2) of that subsection in order to expedite the business of the Senate. 

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REGULATORY IMPACT STATEMENT

In accordance with paragraph 11(b) of rule XXVI of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate, the Committee provides the following evaluation of the regulatory impact of the legislation, as reported: 

NUMBER OF PERSONS COVERED

The legislation would apply to professional boxers, local boxing 

commissions, boxing promoters, boxing managers, boxing judges 

and referees, ringside physicians, boxing registries, sanctioning organizations, as well as premium or other cable or satellite program 

service providers, casinos, hotels, resorts, and other commercial establishments that may act as promoters. The legislation would not 

apply to amateur boxing. 

ECONOMIC IMPACT

The economic impact of this legislation would be minimal. 

PRIVACY

The impact on the personal privacy of the persons covered by 

this legislation is expected to be minimal. The USBA, in establishing and maintaining a medical registry for all licensed professional boxers, is expected to take appropriate action to ensure the 

confidentiality of such records. 

PAPERWORK

The impact on paperwork is difficult to determine prior to the 

formation of the USBA. Local boxing commissions may be required 

by the USBA to perform minimal processing of licensing and boxing data. 

SUMMARY OF MAJOR PROVISIONS

S. 2550 would amend the PBSA to: (1) establish and maintain a 

confidential (except for the use by boxing commissions) medical registry that contains comprehensive medical records and medical suspension information for every licensed professional boxer; (2) make 

uniform certain ‘‘safety standards’’ for all boxing commissions, including the requirement that emergency medical personnel and an 

ambulance be continually present at all professional boxing 

matches; (3) require testing for infectious diseases (e.g., hepatitis); 

(4) require promoters to post some form of security (e.g., performance bond, cashiers check, etc.) with the appropriate boxing commission prior to a match to ensure payment of purse monies to boxers who participate and are contractually entitled to receive it; (5) 

make several changes to definitions, including the term ‘‘boxing 

commission’’ to include tribal organizations; (6) mandate that sanctioning organizations adopt and follow ratings guidelines/criteria; 

(7) require that judges and referees be assigned for each match by 

the appropriate boxing commission without interference from sanctioning organizations; (8) require a newly created regulatory entity, 

in consultation with the Association of Boxing Commissions (ABC), 

to develop guidelines for minimal contractual provisions that 

should be included in all bout agreements and boxer/manager conVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
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tracts; and (9) require more stringent financial disclosures (within 

a specified period) by promoters and sanctioning organizations. 

S. 2550 also would create the United States Boxing Administration (USBA), a Federal entity located within the Department of 

Labor, to regulate professional boxing. The USBA would be headed 

by an Administrator, appointed by the President and approved by 

the Senate. It would also have an Assistant Administrator and 

General Counsel. Additional staffing needs would be determined by 

the Administrator. 

The USBA’s primary functions would be to protect the health, 

safety, and general interests of boxers. The USBA, among other 

things, would oversee and administer Federal boxing laws, and 

work with those who participate in professional boxing to improve 

the sport. The USBA would promulgate minimum uniform standards for boxing (in consultation with the ABC and sanctioning organizations). The USBA would also ensure, through the U.S. Attorney General and the chief law enforcement officer of a State, that 

Federal and State boxing laws are vigorously, effectively, and fairly 

enforced. The USBA would require all boxers to be licensed every 

4 years, as is currently required under the Federal Identification 

system, but would also require all promoters, managers, and sanctioning organizations to be licensed by the USBA every 2 years. 

The USBA would be authorized to charge reasonable fees for licensing and all fees and fines collected by the USBA would be deposited in a revolving fund to be used to offset the USBA’s appropriation. After notice and opportunity for a hearing, the USBA 

would be permitted to suspend or revoke any license issued under 

the PBSA if it finds that action is necessary to protect the health 

or safety of a boxer, or there are reasonable grounds to believe that 

a USBA standard is not being met or another unlawful act has occurred. The USBA also would be granted authority to conduct investigations, subpoena, administer oaths and affirmations, require 

the production of information, and seek injunctions to further the 

purposes of the PBSA. 

The USBA would maintain a unified national computerized registry for collecting, storing, and retrieving information related to 

professional boxing. The USBA would be required to consult with 

local boxing commissions before establishing any regulation or 

standard under the PBSA; local commissions would be required to 

meet USBA standards or exceed them. The USBA would be required to submit to Congress an annual report containing a detailed description of its activities. Finally, the USBA would be required to conduct a study to determine whether a change in the 

weight and design of boxing gloves would better protect the health 

and safety of professional boxers and reduce injuries and fatalities. 

SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS

Section 1. Short Title; Table of Contents.

Section 1 would provide that this Act may be cited as the ‘‘Professional Boxing Amendments Act of 2002.’’ This section also provides a table of contents for this Act. 

Section 2. Amendment of Professional Boxing Safety Act of 1996.

Section 2 would provide that all references to amendments to, or 

repeal of, certain sections, are to be considered to be made to a secVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
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tion or other provision of the Professional Boxing Safety Act of 

1996 (PBSA) (15 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.). 

Section 3. Definitions.

Subsection (a) would amend section 2 of the PBSA by providing 

several changes to definitions. Most notably, the term ‘‘boxing commission’’ is revised to include entities authorized under tribal law 

to regulate professional boxing. Only State commissions are considered ‘‘boxing commissions’’ under current law. The term ‘‘promoter’’

would be modified to exclude a premium or other cable or satellite 

program service, hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment, unless the premium or other cable or satellite program 

service, hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment has 

a promotional agreement with a boxer in the match, and there is 

no other person primarily responsible for organizing, promoting, or 

producing the match not affiliated with the premium or other cable 

or satellite program service, hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment. 

Subsection (b) would amend section 21 of the PBSA with respect 

to professional boxing matches conducted on Indian lands. This 

provision would provide authority to a tribal organization to establish a boxing commission to regulate professional boxing held on 

tribal land. Should a tribal organization not establish such a commission, it would be required to contract with the ABC, or a member of the ABC, to regulate professional boxing matches held on Indian lands. If the ABC regulates the match, the match shall be regulated under USBA guidelines. If a member of the ABC, other than 

the State within which the Indian land is located, regulates the 

match, the match shall be regulated in accordance with the standards of the State where the match is held. Should a tribal organization establish a boxing commission, the standards adopted by the 

tribal organization should be at least as restrictive as the requirements of the State in which the tribal organization is located, or 

the guidelines established by the USBA. 

Section 4. Purpose.

Section 4 would amend section 3(2) of the PBSA by striking 

‘‘State’’ in ‘‘State boxing commissions’’ to allow tribal organizations 

to be included as boxing commissions. 

Section 5. Matches in Jurisdictions Without Commissions.

Section 5 would amend section 4 of the PBSA to provide that no 

person may arrange, promote, organize, produce, or fight in a professional boxing match in the United States without approval by 

the USBA and either the ABC or one of its member commissions. 

Approval by the USBA is presumed unless the USBA has been informed of a violation of the PBSA, and has notified the supervising 

boxing commission that it does not approve, the match is advertised as a championship match, or the match is scheduled for 10 

rounds or more. 

This section also would require promoters who intend to hold a 

professional boxing match in a State without a commission to provide written assurances to the USBA, not less than 14 days before 

the match, that all requirements of the PBSA will be met. 

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Section 6. Safety Standards.

Section 6 would amend section 5 of the PBSA to require that the 

physical examination currently required by the PBSA include testing for infectious diseases in accordance with standards established 

by the USBA. This section also would require that an ambulance 

and medical personnel with appropriate resuscitation equipment be 

continuously present on the site of professional boxing matches. 

Current law requires either an ambulance or medical personnel 

with appropriate resuscitation equipment to be on site. 

Section 7. Registration.

Section 7 would amend section 6 of the PBSA to require that 

State and tribal boxing commissions provide professional boxers 

with a health and safety disclosure when issuing a boxer a Federal 

identification card currently required under the PBSA. This disclosure is a ‘‘Sense of the Congress’’ in the PBSA. This section also 

would require that boxing commissions furnish to the USBA a copy 

of each professional boxer’s registration. 

Section 8. Review.

Section 8 would amend section 7 of the PBSA to clarify the appeal procedure should a boxing commission impose a summary suspension on a professional boxer. Current law creates an inference 

that, not only must a boxing commission establish appeal procedures regarding the suspension of a boxer, but it must also establish procedures to enable a boxer to have a second hearing regarding the revocation of the suspension. This section would clarify the 

intent of the current law and require that a boxing commission establish procedures to provide a hearing in the event a boxer seeks 

to contest the imposition of a summary suspension. 

Section 9. Reporting.

Section 9 would amend section 8 of the PBSA by requiring that 

supervising boxing commissions report the results of a professional 

boxing match to the USBA within 2 business days. Under current 

law, supervising boxing commissions must report results to each 

boxer registry not later than 48 business hours. 

Section 10. Contract Requirements.

Section 10 would amend section 9 of the PBSA. 

Subsection (a) would authorize the USBA, in consultation with 

the ABC, to develop minimum contractual provisions to be included 

in all bout agreements, boxer-manager contracts, and promotional 

agreements. Boxing commissions would be required to ensure that 

the minimum provisions are included in such agreements or contracts. 

Subsection (b) would require managers or promoters to submit a 

copy of each boxer-manager contract and each promotional agreement between the manager or promoter and the boxer to the 

USBA. This subsection also would prohibit a boxing commission 

from approving a professional boxing match unless a copy of the 

bout agreement related to the match is filed with and approved by 

the Commission. 

Subsection (c) would prohibit a boxing commission from approving a professional boxing match unless the promoter of that match 

posts a surety bond, cashier’s check, letter of credit, cash, or other 

security acceptable to the boxing commission. This is intended to 

ensure that the boxer is paid at the conclusion of each match. 

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Section 11. Coercive Contracts.

This section would amend section 10 of the PBSA to establish 

minimum contract guidelines for bout agreements, boxer-manager 

contracts, and promotional agreements. 

Section 12. Sanctioning Organizations.

This section would amend section 11 of the PBSA. 

Subsection (a) would require within 1 year after the date of enactment that, the USBA, in consultation with the ABC, develop 

guidelines for written criteria for rating professional boxers based 

on their athletic merits. Within 90 days of the promulgation of the 

guidelines, each sanctioning organization would be required to 

adopt the guidelines and follow them. 

Subsection (b) would require sanctioning organizations, when 

making ratings changes, to post, within 7 days and for a period of 

not less than 30 days, a copy of the new ratings on its Internet 

website or homepage with an explanation of the change posted for 

a period not less than 30 days, provide a copy of the rating change 

and an explanation to the boxer and the USBA, provide the boxer 

an opportunity to appeal the ratings change, and apply the ratings 

guidelines required under subsection (a) of this section. 

Subsection (c) would require sanctioning organizations that receive inquiries from boxers challenging ratings decisions to provide 

to the boxer, within 7 days a written explanation of the sanctioning 

organizations rating criteria, its rating of the boxer, and its rationale or basis for its rating, and submit a copy of its explanation to 

the ABC and the USBA. 

Section 13. Required Disclosures by Sanctioning Organizations.

Section 13 would amend section 12 of the PBSA, which bars a 

sanctioning organization from receiving compensation from a boxing match until it provides the supervising boxing commission with 

a statement of fees assessed to the fighter or received for the fight. 

This section would be modified to require sanctioning organizations 

to provide, within 7 days after a professional boxing match of 10 

rounds or more, a statement of all fees that a sanctioning organization ‘‘has assessed, or will assess’’ to any boxer in the match, a 

statement of fees that a sanctioning organization ‘‘has received, or 

will receive’’ from all sources affiliated with a boxing event, and 

any other information that the supervising boxing commission may 

require. 

Section 14. Required Disclosures By Promoters.

Section 14 would amend section 13 of the PBSA, which bars a 

promoter from receiving compensation from a boxing match until 

it provides the supervising boxing commission with certain financial information regarding the match. This section would be 

amended to require promoters to provide to the supervising boxing 

commission, within 7 days after a professional boxing match of 10 

rounds or more, that same financial information. This section also 

would require promoters to make similar financial disclosures to 

each boxer in the match within 7 days after a professional boxing 

match of 10 rounds or more, including what the promoter has paid, 

or agreed to pay, to any other person in connection with the match. 

Section 15. Judges and Referees.

Section 15 would amend section 16 of the PBSA. 

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Subsection (a) would require that no person may arrange, promote, organize, produce, or fight in a professional match unless the 

referees and judges participating in the match have been ‘‘selected’’ by the supervising boxing commission. Current law requires that 

all referees and judges participating in the match are ‘‘certified and 

approved’’ by the supervising boxing commission. 

Subsection (b) would require in addition to subsection (a) that no 

person may arrange, promote, organize, produce, or fight in a professional match advertised to the public as a championship match 

or in a match scheduled for 10 rounds or more unless the referees 

and judges participating in the match have been licensed by the 

USBA. 

Subsection (c) would prohibit sanctioning organizations from influencing the selection of judges and referees but allows the organizations to provide a list of judges or referees that the sanctioning 

organization deems qualified. 

Subsection (d) would permit a boxing commission to assign 

judges and referees who reside outside a commission’s jurisdiction, 

but only if the judge or referee is licensed by a boxing commission 

in the United States. 

Subsection (e) would require that a judge or referee provide to a 

supervising boxing commission a statement of all consideration, including reimbursement for expenses, that the judge or referee has 

received, or will receive, from any source for participation in the 

match. This statement also would be provided to the USBA if the 

match is scheduled for 10 rounds or more. 

Section 16. Medical Registry.

Section 16 would create a new section 14 in the PBSA. 

Subsection (a) would require that the USBA, in consultation with 

the ABC, establish and maintain, or certify a third party to establish and maintain, a medical registry to contain the comprehensive 

medical records and medical denials or suspensions for every licensed boxer in the United States. 

Subsection (b) would direct the USBA to determine the nature of 

the medical records to be forwarded to the USBA and the time 

within which they are to be submitted to the registry. 

Subsection (c) would require the USBA to establish confidentiality standards for the disclosure of personally-identifiable information to boxing commissions to ensure that the information is 

used for the intended purpose, which is to protect the health and 

safety of professional boxers, and that it is not publicly disclosed. 

Section 17. Conflicts of Interest.

Section 17 would amend section 17(a) of the PBSA by including 

officers and employees of the USBA in the current list of persons 

who may not ‘‘belong to, contract with, or receive any compensation 

from, any person who sanctions, arranges, or promotes professional 

boxing matches or who otherwise has a financial interest in an active boxer currently registered with a boxer registry.’’

Section 18. Enforcement.

Section 18 would amend section 18 of the PBSA. Under the 

PBSA, the United States Attorney General has the authority to 

bring a civil action in the appropriate district court to prevent or 

punish a violation of the PBSA. This section would expand that authority to include criminal actions. This section also would make ofVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
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ficers and employees of the USBA subject to civil or criminal action 

for violation of the PBSA. This section would allow the chief law 

enforcement officer of a State to bring an action if that officer has 

reason to believe that a person ‘‘has engaged in, or is engaging’’ in 

conduct that violates the PBSA. Current law only allows the chief 

law enforcement officer of a State to act while the violator is engaging in, but not after, the unlawful conduct. 

Section 19. Repeal of Deadwood.

Section 19 would repeal section 20 of the PBSA, which required 

the Secretary of Labor to conduct a study on the feasibility and cost 

of a national pension system for professional boxers and report the 

results to Congress. Section 20 of the PBSA also required the Secretary of Health and Human Services ‘‘to conduct a study to develop recommendations for health, safety, and equipment standards for boxers and for professional boxing matches. The expiration 

of these deadlines makes this language no longer necessary in the 

PBSA. 

Section 20. Recognition of Tribal Law.

Section 20 would amend section 22 of the PBSA by allowing tribal organization, not just States, to adopt or enforce supplemental 

or more stringent laws or regulations not inconsistent with the 

PBSA, or criminal, civil, or administrative fines for violations of 

such laws or regulations. 

Section 21. Establishment of United States Boxing Administration.

Subsection (a) would amend the PBSA by adding a new title II 

establishing the USBA, as follows: 

Section 201. Purpose.

This section states that the purpose of the USBA is to protect the health, safety, and welfare of boxers and to ensure 

fairness in the sport of professional boxing. 

Section 202. Establishment of United States Boxing Administration.

This section would establish the United States Boxing Administration as an administration within the Department of 

Labor. 

Subsection (a) would have the USBA headed by an Administrator, appointed by the President, by and with the advice and 

consent of the Senate. This subsection also would provide that 

the qualifications of the Administrator shall include experience 

in professional boxing or professional sports and outstanding 

character, and his/her selection should be without regard to 

party affiliation. The Administrator shall serve a term of 4 

years. 

Subsection (b) would provide that the USBA shall also have 

an Assistant Administrator and a General Counsel. 

Subsection (c) would provide that the USBA may have staff 

necessary to carry out the function of the Administration. 

Section 203. Functions.

Subsection (a) would provide the primary functions of the 

USBA. 

Subsection (b) lists the specific functions of the USBA. 

Subsection (c) would provide that the USBA may not promote boxing events or rank professional boxers; or provide 

technical assistance to, or authorize the use of the name of the 

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USBA by, boxing commissions that do not comply with the requirements of the USBA. 

Subsection (d) would provide that the USBA shall have the 

exclusive right to the name ‘‘United States Boxing Administration.’’ This subsection also provides that any person who uses 

the name, USBA, without permission is subject to a civil action 

by the Administration under the Trademark Act of 1946. 

Section 204. Licensing and Registration of Boxing Personnel.

Subsection (a) would require that boxers, managers, promoters, and sanctioning organizations be licensed by the USBA 

to participate in a professional boxing match. The USBA shall 

establish procedures and fees for applying for, granting, and 

issuing licenses. Licenses issued by the USBA are for 4-year 

terms for professional boxers and 2-year terms for any other 

person. The USBA may issue licenses through boxing commissions. 

Subsection (b) would authorize the USBA to prescribe and 

charge licensing fees. In setting fees, this subsection cautions 

that, to the maximum extent possible, the USBA should ensure 

that club boxing is not adversely affected, sanctioning organizations and promoters pay the largest portion of the fees, and 

boxers pay as small a portion as possible. The USBA may collect fees through boxing commissions. 

Section 205. National Registry of Boxing Personnel.

Subsection (a) would require the USBA, in consultation with 

the ABC, to establish (or certify a third party to establish) a 

national registry of boxing personnel. This registry is to include relevant information about boxers, as well as information 

on promoters, matchmakers, managers, trainers, cut men, referees, judges, physicians, and any other professional boxing 

personnel deemed appropriate by the USBA. 

Section 206. Consultation Requirements.

This section would require the USBA to consult with boxing 

commissions before prescribing any regulation or establishing 

any standard, and not less than once each year regarding matters related to professional boxing. 

Section 207. Misconduct.

Subsection (a) would authorize the USBA, after notice and 

opportunity for a hearing, to suspend or revoke any license 

issued under this title if the USBA finds that such actor is necessary to protect health and safety or is otherwise in the public 

interest; there are reasonable grounds to believe thta a USBA 

standard is not being met ot that certain criminal acts have occurred; or the licensee has violated a provision of the PBSA. 

The USBA would determine the period of suspension. 

Subsection (b) would authorize the USBA to conduct investigations and seek injunctions to further the purposes of the 

PBSA. This subsection also would authorize the USBA to subpoena, administer oaths and affirmations, and require the production of information. 

Subsection (c) would authorize the USBA to intervene or file 

an amicus brief on behalf of the public interest in any civil acVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
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tion relating to professional boxing filed in a United States district court. 

Subsection (d) would require that hearings conducted by the 

USBA be public and may be held before any officer of the 

USBA or before a boxing commission that is a member of the 

ABC. 

Section 208. Noninterference With Local Boxing Authorities.

Subsection (a) would provide that nothing in this title shall 

prohibit any boxing commission from exercising its powers, duties, or functions with respect to the regulation or supervision 

of professional boxing to the extent such exercies is not inconsistent with this title. 

Subsection (b) would provide that nothing in this title prohibits any boxing commission from enforcing local standards or 

requirements that exceed those promulgated by the USBA. 

Section 209. Assistance From Other Agencies.

This section would authorize the USBA to request that any 

employee of an entity be detailed to the USBA on a reimbursable or non-reimbursable basis with the employees’ consent. 

Section 210. Reports.

Subsection (a) would require the USBA to submit an annual 

report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the House of Representatives Committee on Energy 

and Commerce. The report shall include a detailed discussion 

of the activities of the USBA and a description of all boxing 

commissions. 

Subsection (b) would require the USBA to publish and publicize an annual report regarding the progress made by the Administration to reform professional boxing at the Federal and 

State levels, including on Indian lands, and comment on continuing concerns of the USBA. 

Subsection (c) would require that the first annual report be 

submitted not later than 2 years after the effective date of this 

title. 

Section 211. Initial Implementation.

Subsection (a) would provide that the licensing requirements 

of this title do not apply to boxers, judges or referees, or any 

other activity in relation to professional boxing, if the person 

is licensed by a boxing commission to perform that activity as 

of the effective date of this title. 

Subsection (b) would provide that the exemption in subsection (a) expires on the earlier of the date on which the license expires, or the date that is 2 years after the date of enactment of this legislation. 

Section 212. Authorization of Appropriations.

Subsection (a) would authorize to be appropriated for the 

USBA for each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to 

perform its functions for that fiscal year. 

Subsection (b) would provide that any fee collected under 

this title be credited as offsetting collections to the account 

that finances the USBA. 

Subsection (c) would provide several conforming amendments. 

13

Section 22. Study of Glove Weight.

Subsection (a) would require the USBA to conduct a study to determine whether a change in the weight and design of boxing 

gloves would better protect the health and safety of professional 

boxers and reduce injuries and fatalities. 

Subsection (b) would require that a report on the study required 

by subsection (a) be submitted to Congress not later than 180 days 

after the date of enactment of the legislation. 

Subsection (c) would authorize the USBA to prescribe uniform 

national safety standards for boxing gloves should the USBA deem 

it appropriate based on the findings of the study required by subsection (a). 

Section 23. Effective Date.

Subsection (a) would provide that, except as provided in subsection (b), the amendments made by this legislation will take effect on the date of enactment of this legislation. 

Subsection (b) would provide that sections 205 through 212 of the 

PBSA as added by section 22(a) of this legislation, will take effect 

1 year after the date of enactment of this legislation. 

CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW

In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill, as 

reported, are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted 

is enclosed in black brackets, new material is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman):

PROFESSIONAL BOXING SAFETY ACT OF 1996

[15 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.] 

øSECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

øThis Act may be cited as the Professional Boxing Safety Act of 

1966.¿

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Professional 

Boxing Safety Act’’. 

(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for this Act is as 

follows:

Section 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Definitions. 

TITLE I—PROFESSIONAL BOXING SAFETY 

Sec. 101. Purposes. 

Sec. 102. Boxing matches in jurisdictions without boxing commissions. 

Sec. 103. Safety standards. 

Sec. 104. Registration. 

Sec. 105. Review. 

Sec. 106. Reporting. 

Sec. 107. Contract requirements. 

Sec. 108. Protection from coercive contracts. 

Sec. 109. Sanctioning organizations. 

Sec. 110. Required disclosures to State boxing commissions by sanctioning organizations. 

Sec. 111. Required disclosures for promoters. 

Sec. 112. Medical registry. 

Sec. 113. Confidentiality. 

14

Sec. 114. Judges and referees. 

Sec. 115. Conflicts of interest. 

Sec. 116. Enforcement. 

Sec. 117. Professional boxing matches conducted on indian lands. 

Sec. 118. Relationship with State or tribal law. 

TITLE II—UNITED STATES BOXING ADMINISTRATION 

Sec. 201. Purpose. 

Sec. 202. Establishment of United States Boxing Administration. 

Sec. 203. Functions. 

Sec. 204. Licensing and registration of boxing personnel. 

Sec. 205. National registry of boxing personnel. 

Sec. 206. Consultation requirements. 

Sec. 207. Misconduct. 

Sec. 208. Noninterference with local boxing authorities. 

Sec. 209. Assistance from other agencies. 

Sec. 210. Reports. 

Sec. 211. Initial implementation. 

Sec. 212. Authorization of appropriations.

øSEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6301] 

øFor purposes of this Act: 

ø(1) BOXER.—The term ‘‘boxer’’ means an individual who 

fights in a professional boxing match. 

ø(2) BOXING COMMISSION.—(A) The term ‘‘boxing commission’’ means an entity authorized under State law to regulate 

professional boxing matches. 

ø(3) BOXER REGISTRY.—The term ‘‘boxer registry’’ means any 

entity certified by the Association of Boxing Commissions for 

the purposes of maintaining records and identification of boxers. 

ø(4) LICENSEE.—The term ‘‘licensee’’ means an individual 

who serves as a trainer, second, or cut man for a boxer. 

ø(5) MANAGER.—The term ‘‘manager’’ means a person who 

receives compensation for service as an agent or representative 

of a boxer. 

ø(6) MATCHMAKER.—The term ‘‘matchmaker’’ means a person 

that proposes, selects, and arranges the boxers to participate 

in a professional boxing match. 

ø(7) PHYSICIAN.—The term ‘‘physician’’ means a doctor of 

medicine legally authorized to practice medicine by the State 

in which the physician performs such function or action. 

ø(8) PROFESSIONAL BOXING MATCH.—The term ‘‘professional 

boxing match’’ means a boxing contest held in the United 

States between individuals for financial compensation. Such 

term does not include a boxing contest that is regulated by an 

amateur sports organization. 

ø(9) PROMOTER.—The term ‘‘promoter’’ means the person primarily responsible for organizing, promoting, and producing a 

professional boxing match. The term ‘‘promoter’’ does not include a hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment 

hosting or sponsoring a professional boxing match unless—

ø(A) the hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment is primarily responsible for organizing, promoting, and producing the match; and 

ø(B) there is no other person primarily responsible for 

organizing, promoting, and producing the match. 

15

ø(10) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each of the 50 States, 

Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, and any territory or possession of the United States, including the Virgin Islands. 

ø(11) EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE CONTRACT.—The term ‘‘effective date of the contract’’ means the day upon which a boxer 

becomes legally bound by the contract. 

ø(12) BOXING SERVICE PROVIDER.—The term ‘‘boxing service 

provider’’ means a promoter, manager, sanctioning body, licensee, or matchmaker. 

ø(13) CONTRACT PROVISION.—The term ‘‘contract provision’’

means any legal obligation between a boxer and a boxing service provider. 

ø(14) SANCTIONING ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘‘sanctioning 

organization’’ means an organization that sanctions professional boxing matches in the United States—

ø(A) between boxers who are residents of different 

States; or 

ø(B) that are advertised, otherwise promoted, or broadcast (including closed circuit television) in interstate commerce. 

ø(15) SUSPENSION.—The term ‘‘suspension’’ includes within 

its meaning the revocation of a boxing license.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

In this Act: 

(1) ADMINISTRATION.—The term ‘‘Administration’’ means the 

United States Boxing Administration. 

(2) BOUT AGREEMENT.—The term ‘‘bout agreement’’ means a 

contract between a promoter and a boxer which requires the 

boxer to participate in a professional boxing match with a designated opponent on a particular date. 

(3) BOXER.—The term ‘‘boxer’’ means an individual who 

fights in a professional boxing match. 

(4) BOXING COMMISSION.—The term ‘‘boxing commission’’

means an entity authorized under State or tribal law to regulate professional boxing matches. 

(5) BOXER REGISTRY.—The term ‘‘boxer registry’’ means any 

entity certified by the Association of Boxing Commissions for 

the purposes of maintaining records and identification of boxers. 

(6) BOXING SERVICE PROVIDER.—The term ‘‘boxing service provider’’ means a promoter, manager, sanctioning body, licensee, 

or matchmaker. 

(7) CONTRACT PROVISION.—The term ‘‘contract provision’’

means any legal obligation between a boxer and a boxing service provider. 

(8) INDIAN LANDS; TINDIAN TRIBE.—The terms ‘‘Indian lands’’

and ‘‘Indian tribe’’ have the meanings given those terms by 

paragraphs (4) and (5), respectively, of section 4 of the Indian 

Gaming Regulatory Act (25 U.S.C. 2703). 

(9) LICENSEE.—The term ‘‘licensee’’ means an individual who 

serves as a trainer, second, or cut man for a boxer. 

(10) LOCAL BOXING AUTHORITY.—The term ‘‘local boxing authority’’ means—

16

(A) any agency of a State, or of a political subdivision of 

a State, that has authority under the laws of the State to 

regulate professional boxing; and 

(B) any agency of an Indian tribe that is authorized by 

the Indian tribe or the governing body of the Indian tribe 

to regulate professional boxing on Indian lands. 

(11) MANAGER.—The term ‘‘manager’’ means a person who, 

under contract, agreement, or other arrangement with a boxer, 

undertakes to control or administer, directly or indirectly, a 

boxing-related matter on behalf of that boxer, including a person who is a booking agent for a boxer. 

(12) MATCHMAKER.—The term ‘‘matchmaker’’ means a person 

that proposes, selects, and arranges the boxers to participate in 

a professional boxing match. 

(13) PHYSICIAN.—The term ‘‘physician’’ means a doctor of 

medicine legally authorized to practice medicine by the State in 

which the physician performs such function or action. 

(14) PROFESSIONAL BOXING MATCH.—The term ‘‘professional 

boxing match’’ means a boxing contest held in the United States 

between individuals for financial compensation. The term ‘‘professional boxing match’’ does not include a boxing contest that 

is regulated by a duly recognized amateur sports organization, 

as approved by the Administration. 

(15) PROMOTER.—The term ‘‘promoter’’ means the person primarily responsible for organizing, promoting, and producing a 

professional boxing match. The term ‘‘promoter’’ does not include a premium or other cable or satellite program service, 

hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment hosting 

or sponsoring a professional boxing match unless—

(A) the premium or other cable or satellite program service, hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment 

has a promotional agreement with a boxer in the match; 

and 

(B) there is no other person primarily responsible for organizing, promoting, and producing the match not affiliated with the premium or other cable or satellite program 

service, hotel, casino, resort, or other commercial establishment. 

(16) PROMOTIONAL AGREEMENT.—The term ‘‘promotional 

agreement’’ means a contract between a any person and a boxer 

under which the boxer grants to that person the right to secure 

and arrange all professional boxing matches requiring the boxer’s services for—

(A) a prescribed period of time; or 

(B) a prescribed number of professional boxing matches. 

(17) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each of the 50 States, 

Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, and any territory or possession of the United States, including the Virgin Islands. 

(18) EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE CONTRACT.—The term ‘‘effective 

date of the contract’’ means the day upon which a boxer becomes legally bound by the contract. 

(19) SANCTIONING ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘‘sanctioning organization’’ means an organization, other than a boxing commission, that sanctions professional boxing matches, ranks proVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6603 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
17

fessional boxers, or charges a sanctioning fee for professional 

boxing matches in the United States—

(A) between boxers who are residents of different States; 

or 

(B) that are advertised, otherwise promoted, or broadcast 

(including closed circuit television) in interstate commerce. 

(20) SUSPENSION.—The term ‘‘suspension’’ includes within its 

meaning the revocation of a boxing license. 

(21) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘‘tribal organization’’

has the same meaning as in section 4(l) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(l)).

TITLE I—PROFESSIONAL 

BOXING SAFETY

SEC. ø3.¿ 101. PURPOSES. 

[15 U.S.C. 6302] 

The purposes øof this Act¿ of this title are—

(1) to improve and expand the system of safety precautions 

that protects the welfare of professional boxers; and 

(2) to assist øState¿ boxing commissions to provide proper 

oversight for the professional boxing industry in the United 

States. 

øSEC. 4. BOXING MATCHES IN STATES WITHOUT BOXING COMMISSIONS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6303] 

ø(a) No person may arrange, promote, organize, produce, or fight 

in a professional boxing match held in a State that does not have 

a boxing commission unless the match is supervised by a boxing 

commission from another State and subject to the most recent 

version of the recommended regulatory guidelines certified and 

published by the Association of Boxing Commissions as well as any 

additional relevant professional boxing regulations and requirements of such other State. 

ø(b) For the purpose of this Act, if no State commission is available to supervise a boxing match according to subsection (a), then—

ø(1) the match may not be held unless it is supervised by an 

association of boxing commissions to which at least a majority 

of the States belong; and 

ø(2) any reporting or other requirement relating to a supervising commission allowed under this section.¿

SEC. 102. BOXING MATCHES IN JURISDICTIONS WITHOUT BOXING 

COMMISSIONS. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—No person may arrange, promote, organize, 

produce, or fight in a professional boxing match within the United 

States unless the match—

(1) is approved by the Administration; and 

18

(2) is supervised by the Association of Boxing Commissions or 

by a boxing commission that is a member of the Association of 

Boxing Commissions. 

(b) APPROVAL PRESUMED.—For purposes of subsection (a), the Administration shall be presumed to have approved any match other 

than—

(1) a match with respect to which the Administration been informed of a violation of this title and with respect to which it 

has notified the supervising boxing commission that it does not 

approve; 

(2) a match advertised to the public as a championship 

match; or 

(3) a match scheduled for 10 rounds or more. 

(c) NOTIFICATION; ASSURANCES.—Each promoter who intends to 

hold a professional boxing match in a State that does not have a 

boxing commission shall, not later than 14 days before the intended 

date of that match, provide assurances in writing to the Administration and the supervising boxing commission that all applicable 

requirements of this title will be met with respect to that professional boxing match.

SEC. ø5.¿ 103. SAFETY STANDARDS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6304] 

No person may arrange, promote, organize, produce, or fight in 

a professional boxing match without meeting each of the following 

ørequirements or an alternative requirement in effect under regulations of a boxing commission that provides equivalent protection 

of the health and safety of boxers:¿ requirements: 

(1) A physical examination of each boxer by a physician certifying whether or not the boxer is physically fit to safely compete, copies of which must be provided to the boxing commission. The examination shall include testing for infectious diseases in accordance with standards established by the Administration. 

ø(2) Except as otherwise expressly provided under regulation 

of a boxing commission promulgated subsequent to the enactment of this Act, an ambulance or medical personnel with appropriate resuscitation equipment continuously present on 

site.¿

(2) An ambulance continuously present on site. 

(3) Emergency medical personnel with appropriate resuscitation equipment continuously present on site. 

ø(3)¿ (4) A physician continuously present at ringside. 

ø(4)¿ (5) Health insurance for each boxer to provide medical 

coverage for any injuries sustained in the ømatch.¿ match in 

an amount prescribed by the Administration. 

SEC. ø6.¿ 104. REGISTRATION. 

[15 U.S.C. 6305] 

(a) REQUIREMENTS.—Each boxer shall register with—

(1) the boxing commission of the State in which such boxer 

resides; or 

19

(2) in the case of a boxer who is a resident of a foreign country, or a State in which there is no boxing commission, the boxing commission of any State or Indian tribe that has such a 

commission. 

(b) IDENTIFICATION CARD.— (1) ISSUANCE.—A boxing commission shall issue to each professional boxer who registers in accordance with subsection (a), 

an identification card that contains each of the following: 

(A) A recent photograph of the boxer. 

(B) The social security number of the boxer (or, in the 

case of a foreign boxer, any similar citizen identification 

number or professional boxer number from the country of 

residence of the boxer). 

(C) A personal identification number assigned to the 

boxer by a boxing registry. 

(2) RENEWAL.—Each professional boxer shall renew his or 

her identification card at least once every 4 years. 

(3) PRESENTATION.—Each professional boxer shall present 

his or her identification card to the appropriate boxing commission not later than the time of the weigh-in for a professional 

boxing match. 

(c) HEALTH AND SAFETY DISCLOSURES.—øIt is the sense of the 

Congress that a boxing commission should, upon issuing an identification card to a boxer under subsection (b)(1), make a health and 

safety disclosure to that boxer as that commission considers appropriate.¿ A boxing commission shall, in accordance with requirements established by the Administration, make a health and safety 

disclosure to a boxer when issuing an identification card to that 

boxer. The health and safety disclosure øshould¿ shall, at a minimum, include the health and safety risks associated with boxing, 

and, in particular, the risk and frequency of brain injury and the 

advisability that a boxer periodically undergo medical procedures 

designed to detect brain injury.

(d) COPY OF REGISTRATION TO BE SENT TO ADMINISTRATION.—A 

boxing commission shall furnish a copy of each registration received 

under subsection (a) to the Administration.

SEC. ø7.¿ 105. REVIEW. 

[15 U.S.C. 6306] 

ø(a) PROCEDURES.—¿Each boxing commission shall establish 

each of the following procedures: 

(1) Procedures to evaluate the professional records and physician’s certification of each boxer participating in a professional boxing match in the State, and to deny authorization for 

a boxer to fight where appropriate. 

(2) Procedures to ensure that, except as provided in subsection (b), no boxer is permitted to box while under suspension from any boxing commission due to— (A) a recent knockout or series of consecutive losses; 

(B) an injury, requirement for a medical procedure, or 

physician denial of certification; 

(C) failure of a drug test; 

(D) the use of false aliases, or falsifying, or attempting 

to falsify, official identification cards or documents; or 

20

(E) unsportsmanlike conduct or other inappropriate behavior inconsistent with generally accepted methods of 

competition in a professional boxing match. 

ø(3) Procedures to review a suspension where appealed by a 

boxer, licensee, manager, matchmaker, promoter, or other boxing service provider, including an opportunity for a boxer, licensee, manager, matchmaker, promoter, or other boxing service provider to present contradictory evidence. 

ø(4) Procedures to revoke a suspension where a boxer— ø(A) was suspended under subparagraph (A) or (B) of 

paragraph (2) of this subsection, and has furnished further 

proof of a sufficiently improved medical or physical condition; or 

ø(B) furnishes proof under subparagraph (C) or (D) of 

paragraph (2) that a suspension was not, or is no longer, 

merited by the facts.¿

(3) Procedures to review a summary suspension when a hearing before the boxing commission is requested by a boxer, licensee, manager, matchmaker, promoter, or other boxing service 

provider which provides an opportunity for that person to 

present evidence. 

ø(b) SUSPENSION IN ANOTHER STATE.—A boxing commission may 

allow a boxer who is under suspension in any State to participate 

in a professional boxing match— ø(1) for any reason other than those listed in subsection (a) 

if such commission notifies in writing and consults with the 

designated official of the suspending State’s boxing commission 

prior to the grant of approval for such individual to participate 

in that professional boxing match; or 

ø(2) if the boxer appeals to the Association of Boxing Commissions, and the Association of Boxing Commissions determines that the suspension of such boxer was without sufficient 

grounds, for an improper purpose, or not related to the health 

and safety of the boxer or the purposes of this Act.¿

SEC. ø8.¿ 106. REPORTING. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307] 

Not later than ø48 business hours¿ 2 business days after the conclusion of a professional boxing match, the supervising boxing commission shall report the results of such boxing match and any related suspensions to øeach boxer registry.¿ the Administration. 

øSEC. 9. CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307a] 

øWithin 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act, the Association of Boxing Commissions 

(ABC) shall develop and shall approve by a vote of no less than a 

majority of its member State boxing commissioners, guidelines for 

minimum contractual provisions that should be included in bout 

agreements and boxing contracts. It is the sense of the Congress 

that State boxing commissions should follow these ABC guidelines.¿

21

SEC. 107. CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administration, in consultation with the 

Association of Boxing Commissions, shall develop guidelines for 

minimum contractual provisions that shall be included in each bout 

agreement, boxer-manager contract, and promotional agreement. 

Each boxing commission shall ensure that these minimal contractual provisions are present in any such agreement or contract submitted to it. 

(b) FILING AND APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS.— (1) ADMINISTRATION.—A manager or promoter shall submit a 

copy of each boxer-manager contract and each promotional 

agreement between that manager or promoter and a boxer to the 

Administration. 

(2) BOXING COMMISSION.—A boxing commission may not approve a professional boxing match unless a copy of the bout 

agreement related to that match has been filed with it and approved by it. 

(c) BOND OR OTHER SURETY.—A boxing commission may not approve a professional boxing match unless the promoter of that 

match has posted a surety bond, cashier’s check, letter of credit, 

cash, or other security with the boxing commission in an amount acceptable to the boxing commission. 

SEC. ø10.¿ 108. PROTECTION FROM COERCIVE CONTRACTS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307b] 

(a) GENERAL RULE.— (1)(A) A contract provision shall be considered to be in restraint of trade, contrary to public policy, and unenforceable 

against any boxer to the extent that it— (i) is a coercive provision described in subparagraph (B) 

and is for a period greater than 12 months; or 

(ii) is a coercive provision described in subparagraph (B) 

and the other boxer under contract to the promoter came 

under that contract pursuant to a coercive provision described in subparagraph (B). 

(B) A coercive provision described in this subparagraph is a 

contract provision that grants any rights between a boxer and 

a promoter, or between promoters with respect to a boxer, if 

the boxer is required to grant such rights, or a boxer’s promoter is required to grant such rights with respect to a boxer 

to another promoter, as a condition precedent to the boxer’s 

participation in a professional boxing match against another 

boxer who is under contract to the promoter. 

(2) This subsection shall only apply to contracts entered into 

after the date of the enactment of the Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act. 

ø(3) No subsequent contract provision extending any rights or 

compensation covered in paragraph (1) shall be enforceable against 

a boxer if the effective date of the contract containing such provision is earlier than 3 months before the expiration of the relevant 

time period set forth in paragraph (1).¿

(b) PROMOTIONAL RIGHTS UNDER MANDATORY BOUT CONTRACTS.—

No boxing service provider may require a boxer to grant any future 

promotional rights as a requirement of competing in a professional 

22

boxing match that is a mandatory or elimination bout under the 

rules of a sanctioning organization. 

(c) PROTECTION FROM COERCIVE CONTRACTS WITH BROADCASTERS.—Subsection (a) of this section applies to any contract between a commercial broadcaster and a boxer, or granting any 

rights with respect to that boxer, involving a broadcast in or affecting interstate commerce, regardless of the broadcast medium. For 

the purpose of this subsection, any reference in subsection (a)(1)(B) 

to ‘‘promoter’’ shall be considered a reference to ‘‘commercial broadcaster’’. 

øSEC. 11. SANCTIONING ORGANIZATIONS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307c] 

ø(a) OBJECTIVE CRITERIA.—Within 2 years after the date of the 

enactment of the Muhammad Ali Boxing Reform Act, the Association of Boxing Commissions shall develop and shall approve by a 

vote of no less than a majority of its member State boxing commissioners, guidelines for objective and consistent written criteria for 

the ratings of professional boxers. It is the sense of the Congress 

that sanctioning bodies and State boxing commissions should follow 

these ABC guidelines. 

ø(b) APPEALS PROCESS.—A sanctioning organization shall not be 

entitled to receive any compensation, directly or indirectly, in connection with a boxing match, until it provides the boxers with notice that the sanctioning organization shall, within 7 days after receiving a request from a boxer questioning that organization’s rating of the boxer—

ø(1) provide to the boxer a written explanation of the organization’s criteria, its rating of the boxer, and the rationale or 

basis for its rating (including a response to any specific questions submitted by the boxer); and 

ø(2) submit a copy of its explanation to the Association of 

Boxing Commissions. 

ø(c) NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN RATING.—A sanctioning organization shall not be entitled to receive any compensation, directly or 

indirectly, in connection with a boxing match, until, with respect 

to a change in the rating of a boxer previously rated by such organization in the top 10 boxers, the organization—

ø(1) posts a copy, within 7 days of such change, on its Internet website or home page, if any, including an explanation of 

such change, for a period of not less than 30 days; and 

ø(2) provides a copy of the rating change and explanation to 

an association to which at least a majority of the State boxing 

commissions belong. 

ø(d) PUBLIC DISCLOSURE.—

ø(1) FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION FILING.—A sanctioning organization shall not be entitled to receive any compensation directly or indirectly in connection with a boxing match unless, 

not later than January 31 of each year, it submits to the Federal Trade Commission and to the ABC—

ø(A) a complete description of the organization’s ratings 

criteria, policies, and general sanctioning fee schedule; 

ø(B) the bylaws of the organization; 

23

ø(C) the appeals procedure of the organization for a boxer’s rating; and 

ø(D) a list and business address of the organization’s officials who vote on the ratings of boxers. 

ø(2) FORMAT; UPDATES.—A sanctioning organization shall— ø(A) provide the information required under paragraph 

(1) in writing, and, for any document greater than 2 pages 

in length, also in electronic form; and 

ø(B) promptly notify the Federal Trade Commission of 

any material change in the information submitted. 

ø(3) FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION TO MAKE INFORMATION

AVAILABLE TO PUBLIC.—The Federal Trade Commission shall 

make information received under this subsection available to 

the public. The Commission may assess sanctioning organizations a fee to offset the costs it incurs in processing the information and making it available to the public. 

ø(4) INTERNET ALTERNATIVE.—In lieu of submitting the information required by paragraph (1) to the Federal Trade Commission, a sanctioning organization may provide the information to the public by maintaining a website on the Internet 

that—ø(A) is readily accessible by the general public using 

generally available search engines and does not require a 

password or payment of a fee for full access to all the information; 

ø(B) contains all the information required to be submitted to the Federal Trade Commission by paragraph (1) 

in an easy to search and use format; and 

ø(C) is updated whenever there is a material change in 

the information.¿

SEC. 109. SANCTIONING ORGANIZATIONS. 

(a) OBJECTIVE CRITERIA.—Within 1 year after the date of enactment of the Professional Boxing Amendments Act of 2002, the Administration, in consultation with the Association of Boxing Commissions, shall develop guidelines for objective and consistent written criteria for the rating of professional boxers based on the athletic 

merits of the boxers. Within 90 days after the Administration’s promulgation of the guidelines, each sanctioning organization shall 

adopt the guidelines and follow them. 

(b) NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE IN RATING.—A sanctioning organization shall, with respect to a change in the rating of a boxer previously rated by such organization in the top 10 boxers—

(1) post a copy, within 7 days after the change, on its Internet 

website or home page, if any, including an explanation of the 

change, for a period of not less than 30 days; 

(2) provide a copy of the rating change and an explanation 

to the boxer and the Administration; 

(3) provide the boxer an opportunity to appeal the ratings 

change; and 

(4) apply the objective criteria for ratings required under subsection (a) in considering any such appeal. 

(c) CHALLENGE OF RATING.—If a sanctioning organization receives 

an inquiry from a boxer challenging that organization’s rating of 

the boxer, it shall (except to the extent otherwise required by the Administration), within 7 days after receiving the request—

24

(1) provide to the boxer a written explanation of the organization’s rating criteria, its rating of the boxer, and the rationale 

or basis for its rating (including a response to any specific questions submitted by the boxer); and 

(2) submit a copy of its explanation to the Association of Boxing Commissions and the Administration.

SEC. ø12.¿ 110. REQUIRED DISCLOSURES TO STATE BOXING COMMISSIONS BY SANCTIONING ORGANIZATIONS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307d] 

øA sanctioning organization shall not be entitled to receive any 

compensation directly or indirectly in connection with a boxing 

match until it provides to the boxing commission responsible for 

regulating the match in a State a statement of—¿ Within 7 days 

after a professional boxing match of 10 rounds or more, the sanctioning organization for that match shall provide to the boxing commission in the State or on Indian land responsible for regulating 

the match, and to the Administration, a statement of—

(1) all charges, fees, and costs the organization øwill assess¿

has assessed, or will assess, any boxer participating in that 

match; 

(2) all payments, benefits, complimentary benefits, and fees 

the organization øwill receive¿ has received, or will receive, for 

its affiliation with the event, from the promoter, host of the 

event, and all other sources; and 

(3) such additional information as the commission may require. 

SEC. ø13.¿ 111. REQUIRED DISCLOSURES FOR PROMOTERS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307e] 

ø(a) DISCLOSURES TO THE BOXING COMMISSIONS.—A promoter 

shall not be entitled to receive any compensation directly or indirectly in connection with a boxing match until it provides to the 

boxing commission responsible for regulating the match in a State 

a statement of—¿

(a) DISCLOSURES TO BOXING COMMISSIONS AND ADMINISTRATION.—Within 7 days after a professional boxing match of 10 

rounds or more, the promoter of any boxer participating in that 

match shall provide to the boxing commission in the State or on Indian land responsible for regulating the match, and to the Administration—

(1) a copy of any agreement in øwriting¿ writing, other than 

a bout agreement previously provided to the commission, to 

which the promoter is a party with any boxer participating in 

the match; 

(2) a statement made under penalty of perjury that there are 

no other agreements, written or oral, between the promoter 

and the boxer with respect to that match; and 

(3)(A) øall fees, charges, and expenses that will be¿ a statement of all fees, charges, and expenses that have been, or will 

be, assessed by or through the promoter on the boxer perVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
25

taining to the event, including any portion of the boxer’s purse 

that the promoter will receive, and training expenses; 

(B) a statement of all payments, gifts, or benefits the 

promoter is providing to any sanctioning organization affiliated with the event; and 

(C) a statement of any reduction in a boxer’s purse contrary to a previous agreement between the promoter and 

the boxer or a purse bid held for the event. 

(b) DISCLOSURES TO THE BOXER.—øA promoter shall not be entitled to receive any compensation directly or indirectly in connection 

with a boxing match until it provides to the boxer it promotes—

¿Within 7 days after a professional boxing match of 10 rounds or 

more, the promoter of that match shall provide to each boxer participating in the match a statement of—

(1) the amounts of any compensation or consideration that a 

promoter has contracted to receive from such ømatch;¿ match, 

and that the promoter has paid, or agreed to pay, to any other 

person in connection with the match;

(2) all fees, charges, and expenses that will be assessed by 

or through the promoter on the boxer pertaining to the event, 

including any portion of the boxer’s purse that the promoter 

will receive, and training expenses; and 

(3) any reduction in a boxer’s purse contrary to a previous 

agreement between the promoter and the boxer or a purse bid 

held for the event. 

(c) INFORMATION TO BE AVAILABLE TO STATE ATTORNEY GENERAL.—A promoter shall make information required to be disclosed 

under this section available to the chief law enforcement officer of 

the State in which the matchis to be held upon request of such officer. 

øSEC. 14. REQUIRED DISCLOSURES FOR JUDGES AND REFEREES. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307f] 

øA judge or referee shall not be entitled to receive any compensation, directly or indirectly, in connection with a boxing match until 

it provides to the boxing commission responsible for regulating the 

match in a State a statement of all consideration, including reimbursement for expenses, that will be received from any source for 

participation in the match.¿

SEC. 112. MEDICAL REGISTRY. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—The Administration, in consultation with the 

Association of Boxing Commissions, shall establish and maintain, 

or certify a third party entity to establish and maintain, a medical 

registry that contains comprehensive medical records and medical 

denials or suspensions for every licensed boxer. 

(b) CONTENT; SUBMISSION.—The Administration shall determine—

(1) the nature of medical records and medical suspensions of 

a boxer that are to be forwarded to the medical registry; and 

(2) the time within which the medical records and medical 

suspensions are to be submitted to the medical registry. 

26

(c) CONFIDENTIALITY.—The Administration shall establish confidentiality standards for the disclosure of personally identifiable 

information to boxing commissions that will— (1) protect the health and safety of boxers by making relevant 

information available to the boxing commissions for use but not 

public disclosure; and 

(2) ensure that the privacy of the boxers is protected.

SEC. ø15.¿ 113. CONFIDENTIALITY. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307g] 

(a) IN GENERAL.—Neither a boxing commission or an Attorney 

General may disclose to the public any matter furnished by a promoter under øsection 13¿ section 111 except to the extent required 

in a legal, administrative, or judicial proceeding. 

(b) EFFECT OF CONTRARY STATE LAW.—If a State law governing 

a boxing commission requires that information that would be furnished by a promoter under øsection 13¿ section 111 shall be made 

public, then a promoter is not required to file such information 

with such State if the promoter files such information with the 

ABC. 

SEC. ø16.¿ 114. JUDGES AND REFEREES. 

[15 U.S.C. 6307h] 

(a) LICENSING AND ASSIGNMENT REQUIREMENT.—No person may 

arrange, promote, organize, produce, or fight in a professional boxing match unless all referees and judges participating in the match 

have been øcertified and approved¿ selected by the boxing commission responsible for regulating the match in the State or Indian 

lands where the match is held.

(b) CHAMPIONSHIP AND 10-ROUND BOUTS.—In addition to the requirements of subsection (a), no person may arrange, promote, organize, produce, or fight in a professional boxing match advertised to 

the public as a championship match or in a professional boxing 

match scheduled for 10 rounds or more unless all referees and 

judges participating in the match have been licensed by the Administration. 

(c) SANCTIONING ORGANIZATION NOT TO INFLUENCE SELECTION

PROCESS.—A sanctioning organization—

(1) may provide a list of judges and referees deemed qualified 

by that organization to a boxing commission; but 

(2) shall not influence, or attempt to influence, a boxing commission’s selection of a judge or referee for a professional boxing 

match except by providing such a list. 

(d) ASSIGNMENT OF NONRESIDENT JUDGES AND REFEREES.—A 

boxing commission may assign judges and referees who reside outside that commission’s State or Indian land if the judge or referee 

is licensed by a boxing commission in the United States. 

(e) REQUIRED DISCLOSURE.—A judge or referee shall provide to 

the boxing commission responsible for regulating a professional boxing match in a State or on Indian land a statement of all consideration, including reimbursement for expenses, that the judge or referee has received, or will receive, from any source for participation 

27

in the match. If the match is scheduled for 10 rounds or more, the 

judge or referee shall also provide such a statement to the Administration.

SEC. ø17.¿ 115. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST. 

[15 U.S.C. 6308] 

(a) REGULATORY PERSONNEL.—No member or employee of a boxing commission, no person who administers or enforces State boxing laws, no officer or employee of the Administration, and no member of the Association of Boxing Commissions may belong to, contract with, or receive any compensation from, any person who sanctions, arranges, or promotes professional boxing matches or who 

otherwise has a financial interest in an active boxer currently registered with a boxer registry. For purposes of this section, the term 

‘‘compensation’’ does not include funds held in escrow for payment 

to another person in connection with a professional boxing match. 

The prohibition set forth in this section shall not apply to any contract entered into, or any reasonable compensation received, by a 

boxing commission to supervise a professional boxing match in another State as described in øsection 4.¿ section 102.

(b) FIREWALL BETWEEN PROMOTERS AND MANAGERS.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—It is unlawful for—

(A) a promoter to have a direct or indirect financial interest in the management of a boxer; or 

(B) a manager—

(i) to have a direct or indirect financial interest in 

the promotion of a boxer; or 

(ii) to be employed by or receive compensation or 

other benefits from a promoter, except for amounts received as consideration under the manager’s contract 

with the boxer. 

(2) EXCEPTIONS.—Paragraph (1)—

(A) does not prohibit a boxer from acting as his own promoter or manager; and 

(B) only applies to boxers participating in a boxing 

match of 10 rounds or more. 

(c) SANCTIONING ORGANIZATIONS.—

(1) PROHIBITION ON RECEIPTS.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), no officer or employee of a sanctioning organization 

may receive any compensation, gift, or benefit, directly or indirectly, from a promoter, boxer, or manager. 

(2) EXCEPTIONS.—Paragraph (1) does not apply to—

(A) the receipt of payment by a promoter, boxer, or manager of a sanctioning organization’s published fee for sanctioning a professional boxing match or reasonable expenses 

in connection therewith if the payment is reported to the 

responsible boxing commission; or 

(B) the receipt of a gift or benefit of de minimis value. 

28

SEC. ø18.¿ 116. ENFORCEMENT. 

[15 U.S.C. 6309] 

(a) øINJUNCTIONS.—¿ ACTIONS BY ATTORNEY GENERAL.—Whenever the Attorney General of the United States has reasonable 

cause to believe that a person is engaged in a violation øof this 

Act¿ of this title, the Attorney General may bring a civil or criminal action in the appropriate district court of the United States requesting such relief, including a permanent or temporary injunction, restraining order, or other order, against the person, as the 

Attorney General determines to be necessary to restrain the person 

from continuing to engage in, sanction, promote, or otherwise participate in a professional boxing match in violation øof this Act¿ of 

this title. 

(b) CRIMINAL PENALTIES.—

(1) MANAGERS, PROMOTERS, MATCHMAKERS, AND LICENSEES.—

Any manager, promoter, matchmaker, and licensee who knowingly violates, or coerces or causes any other person to violate, 

any provision øof this Act¿ of this title, other than section 

ø9(b), 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 16,¿ 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, or 114,

shall, upon conviction, be imprisoned for not more than 1 year 

or fined not more than $20,000, or both. 

(2) VIOLATION OF ANTIEXPLOITATION, SANCTIONING ORGANIZATION, OR DISCLOSURE PROVISIONS.—Any person who knowingly 

violates any provision of section ø9(b), 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 16 

of this Act¿ 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, or 114 of this title shall, 

upon conviction, be imprisoned for not more than 1 year or 

fined not more than—

(A) $100,000; and 

(B) if a violation occurs in connection with a professional 

boxing match the gross revenues for which exceed 

$2,000,000, an additional amount which bears the same 

ratio to $100,000 as the amount of such revenues compared to $2,000,000, or both. 

(3) CONFLICT OF INTEREST.—Any member or employee of a 

boxing commission, any person who administers or enforces 

State boxing laws, any officer or employee of the Administration, and any member of the Association of Boxing Commissions who knowingly violates øsection 17(a) of this Act¿ section 

115(a) of this title shall, upon conviction, be imprisoned for not 

more than 1 year or fined not more than $20,000, or both. 

(4) BOXERS.—Any boxer who knowingly violates any provision øof this Act¿ of this title shall, upon conviction, be fined 

not more than $1,000. 

(c) ACTIONS BY STATES.—Whenever the chief law enforcement officer of any State has reason to believe that a person or organization has engaged in or is engaging in practices which violate any 

requirement øof this Act¿ of this title, the State, as parens patriae, 

may bring a civil or criminal action on behalf of its residents in an 

appropriate district court of the United States—

(1) to enjoin the holding of any professional boxing match 

which the practice involves; 

(2) to enforce compliance with this Act; 

29

(3) to obtain the øfines¿ sanctions provided under subsection 

(b) or appropriate restitution; or 

(4) to obtain such other relief as the court may deem appropriate. 

(d) PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION.—Any øboxer¿ person who suffers 

economic injury as a result of a violation of any provision øof this 

Act¿ of this title may bring an action in the appropriate Federal or 

State court and recover the damages suffered, court costs, and reasonable attorneys fees and expenses. 

(e) ENFORCEMENT AGAINST FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION, STATE

ATTORNEYS GENERAL, ETC.—Nothing in this Act authorizes the enforcement of— (1) any provision øof this Act¿ of this title against the Federal Trade Commission, the United States Attorney General, or 

the chief legal officer of any State for acting or failing to act 

in an official capacity; 

(2) subsection (d) of this section against a State or political 

subdivision of a State, or any agency or instrumentality thereof; or 

(3) øsection 10¿ section 108 against a boxer acting in his capacity as a boxer. 

øSEC. 19. NOTIFICATION OF SUPERVISING BOXING COMMISSION. 

[15 U.S.C. 6310] 

øEach promoter who intends to hold a professional boxing match 

in a State that does not have a boxing commission shall, not later 

than 14 days before the intended date of that match, provide written notification to the supervising boxing commission designated 

under section 4. Such notification shall contain each of the following: 

ø(1) Assurances that, with respect to that professional boxing 

match, all applicable requirements of this Act will be met. 

ø(2) The name of any person who, at the time of the submission of the notification—

ø(A) is under suspension from a boxing commission; and 

ø(B) will be involved in organizing or participating in the 

event. 

ø(3) For any individual listed under paragraph (2), the identity of the boxing commission that issued the suspension described in paragraph (2)(A).¿

øSEC. 20. STUDIES. 

[15 U.S.C. 6311] 

ø(a) PENSION.—The Secretary of Labor shall conduct a study on 

the feasibility and cost of a national pension system for boxers, including potential funding sources. 

ø(b) HEALTH, SAFETY AND EQUIPMENT.—The Secretary of Health 

and Human Services shall conduct a study to develop recommendations for health, safety, and equipment standards for boxers and for 

professional boxing matches. 

ø(c) REPORTS.—Not later than one year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Labor shall submit a report to 

30

the Congress on the findings of the study conducted pursuant to 

subsection (a). Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 

of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall submit a report to the Congress on the findings of the study conducted 

pursuant to subsection (b).¿

øSEC. 21. PROFESSIONAL BOXING MATCHES CONDUCTED ON INDIAN 

RESERVATIONS. 

[15 U.S.C. 6312] 

ø(a) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section, the following 

definitions shall apply: 

ø(1) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘‘Indian tribe’’ has the same 

meaning as in section 4(e) of the Indian Self-Determination 

and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(e)). 

ø(2) RESERVATION.—The term ‘‘reservation’’ means the geographically defined area over which a tribal organization exercises governmental jurisdiction. 

ø(3) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘‘tribal organization’’ has the same meaning as in section 4(l) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(l)). 

ø(b) REQUIREMENTS.— ø(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of 

law, a tribal organization of an Indian tribe may, upon the initiative of the tribal organization— ø(A) regulate professional boxing matches held within 

the reservation under the jurisdiction of that tribal organization; and 

ø(B) carry out that regulation or enter into a contract 

with a boxing commission to carry out that regulation. 

ø(2) STANDARDS AND LICENSING.—If a tribal organization regulates professional boxing matches pursuant to paragraph (1), 

the tribal organization shall, by tribal ordinance or resolution, 

establish and provide for the implementation of health and 

safety standards, licensing requirements, and other requirements relating to the conduct of professional boxing matches 

that are at least as restrictive as— ø(A) the otherwise applicable standards and requirements of a State in which the reservation is located; or 

ø(B) the most recently published version of the recommended regulatory guidelines certified and publsihed by 

the Association of Boxing Commissions.¿

SEC. 117. PROFESSIONAL BOXING MATCHES CONDUCTED ON INDIAN 

LANDS. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a 

tribal organization may establish a boxing commission to regulate 

professional boxing matches held on Indian land under the jurisdiction of that tribal organization. 

(b) CONTRACT WITH A BOXING COMMISSION.—A tribal organization that does not establish a boxing commission shall execute a 

contract with the Association of Boxing Commissions, or a boxing 

commission that is a member of the Association of Boxing Commissions, to regulate any professional boxing match held on Indian 

land under the jurisdiction of that tribal organization. If the match 

is regulated by the Association of Boxing Commissions, the match 

31

shall be regulated in accordance with the guidelines established by 

the United States Boxing Administration. If the match is regulated 

by a boxing commission from a State other than the State within 

the borders of which the Indian land is located, the match shall be 

regulated in accordance with the applicable requirements of the 

State where the match is held. 

(c) STANDARDS AND LICENSING.—A tribal organization that establishes a boxing commission shall, by tribal ordinance or resolution, 

establish and provide for the implementation of health and safety 

standards, licensing requirements, and other requirements relating 

to the conduct of professional boxing matches that are at least as 

restrictive as—

(1) the otherwise applicable requirements of the State in 

which the Indian land on which the professional boxing match 

is held is located; or 

(2) the guidelines established by the United States Boxing Administration.

SEC. ø22.¿ 118. RELATIONSHIP WITH STATE OR TRIBAL LAW. 

[15 U.S.C. 6313] 

Nothing in this Act shall prohibit a State or Indian tribe from 

adopting or enforcing supplemental or more stringent laws or regulations not inconsistent with this Act, or criminal, civil, or administrative fines for violations of such laws or regulations.

TITLE II—UNITED STATES BOXING 

ADMINISTRATION 

SEC. 201. PURPOSE. 

The purpose of this title is to protect the health, safety, and welfare of boxers and to ensure fairness in the sport of professional boxing. 

SEC. 202. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES BOXING ADMINISTRATION. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—The United States Boxing Administration is established as an administration of the Department of Labor. 

(b) ADMINISTRATOR.— (1) APPOINTMENT.—The Administration shall be headed by 

an Administrator, appointed by the President, by and with the 

advice and consent of the Senate. 

(2) QUALIFICATIONS.—The Administrator shall be an individual who—

(A) has experience in professional boxing activities or in 

a field directly related to professional sports; 

(B) is of outstanding character and recognized integrity; 

and 

(C) is selected on the basis of training, experience, and 

qualifications and without regard to party affiliation. 

(3) TERM OF OFFICE.—The Administrator shall serve for a 

term of 4 years. 

(c) ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR; GENERAL COUNSEL.—The Administration shall have an Assistant Administrator and a General 

32

Counsel, who shall be appointed by the Administrator. The Assistant Administrator shall—

(1) serve as Administrator in the absence of the Administrator 

or in the event of a vacancy in that office; and 

(2) carry out such duties as the Administrator may assign. 

(d) STAFF.—The Administration shall have such additional staff 

as may be necessary to carry out the functions of the Administration. 

SEC. 203. FUNCTIONS. 

(a) PRIMARY FUNCTIONS.—The primary function of the Administration are—

(1) to protect the health, safety, and general interests of boxers 

consistent with the provisions of this Act; and 

(2) to ensure uniformity, fairness, and integrity in professional boxing. 

(b) SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS.—The Administrator shall—

(1) administer title I of this Act; 

(2) promulgate uniform standards for professional boxing in 

consultation with the boxing commissions of the several States 

and tribal organizations; 

(3) except as otherwise determined by the Administration, 

oversee all professional boxing matches in the United States; 

(4) work with sanctioning organizations, the Association of 

Boxing Commissions, and the boxing commissions of the several 

States and tribal organizations—

(A) to improve the safety, integrity, and professionalism 

of professional boxing in the United States; 

(B) to enhance physical, medical, financial, and other 

safeguards established for the protection of professional 

boxers; and 

(C) to improve the status and standards of professional 

boxing in the United States; 

(5) ensure, through the Attorney General, the chief law enforcement officer of the several States, and other appropriate officers and agencies of Federal, State, and local government, 

that Federal and State laws applicable to professional boxing 

matches in the United States are vigorously, effectively, and 

fairly enforced; 

(6) review local boxing authority regulations for professional 

boxing and provide assistance to such authorities in meeting 

minimum standards prescribed by the Administration under 

this title; 

(7) serve as the coordinating body for all efforts in the United 

States to establish and maintain uniform minimum health and 

safety standards for professional boxing; 

(8) if the Administrator determines it to be appropriate, publish a newspaper, magazine, or other publication and establish 

and maintain a website consistent with the purposes of the Administration; 

(8) procure the temporary and intermittent services of experts 

and consultants to the extent authorized by section 3109(b) of 

title 5, United States Code, at rates the Administration determines to be reasonable; and 

33

(9) take any other action that is necessary and proper to accomplish the purpose of this title consistent with the provisions 

of this title. 

(c) PROHIBITIONS.—The Administration may not—

(1) promote boxing events or rank professional boxers; or 

(2) provide technical assistance to, or authorize the use of the 

name of the Administration by, boxing commissions that do not 

comply with requirements of the Administration. 

(d) USE OF NAME.—The Administration shall have the exclusive 

right to use the name ‘United States Boxing Administration’. Any 

person who, without the permission of the Administration, uses that 

name or any other exclusive name, trademark, emblem, symbol, or 

insignia of the Administration for the purpose of inducing the sale 

of any goods or services, or to promote any exhibition, performance, 

or sporting event, shall be subject to suit in a civil action by the Administration for the remedies provided in the Act of July 5, 1946 

(commonly known as the ‘Trademark Act of 1946’; 15 U.S.C. 1051 

et seq.). 

SEC. 204. LICENSING AND REGISTRATION OF BOXING PERSONNEL. 

(a) LICENSING.—

(1) REQUIREMENT FOR LICENSE.—No person may compete in 

a professional boxing match or serve as a boxing manager, boxing promoter, or sanctioning organization for a professional 

boxing match except as provided in a license granted to that 

person under this subsection. 

(2) APPLICATION AND TERM.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—The Administration shall—

(i) establish application procedures, forms, and fees; 

(ii) establish and publish appropriate standards for 

licenses granted under this section; and 

(iii) issue a license to any person who, as determined 

by the Administration, meets the standards established 

by the Administration under this title. 

(B) DURATION.—A license issued under this section shall 

be for a renewable—

(i) 4-year term for a boxer; and 

(ii) 2-year term for any other person. 

(C) PROCEDURE.—The Administration may issue a license under this paragraph through local boxing authorities or in a manner determined by the Administration. 

(b) LICENSING FEES.—

(1) AUTHORITY.—The Administration may prescribe and 

charge fees for the licensing of persons under this title. The Administration may set, charge, and adjust varying fees on the 

basis of classifications of persons, functions, and events determined appropriate by the Administration. 

(2) LIMITATIONS.—In setting and charging fees under paragraph (1), the Administration shall ensure that, to the maximum extent practicable—

(A) club boxing is not adversely effected; 

(B) sanctioning organizations and promoters pay the 

largest portion of the fees; and 

(C) boxers pay as small a portion of the fees as is possible. 

34

(3) COLLECTION.—Fees established under this subsection may 

be collected through local boxing authorities or by any other 

means determined appropriate by the Administration. 

SEC. 205. NATIONAL REGISTRY OF BOXING PERSONNEL. 

(a) REQUIREMENT FOR REGISTRY.—The Administration, in consultation with the Association of Boxing Commissions, shall establish and maintain (or authorize a third party to establish and 

maintain) a unified national computerized registry for the collection, storage, and retrieval of information related to the performance 

of its duties. 

(b) CONTENTS.—The information in the registry shall include the 

following: 

(1) BOXERS.—A list of professional boxers and data in the 

medical registry established under section 114 of this Act, 

which the Administration shall secure from disclosure in accordance with the confidentiality requirements of section 114(c). 

(2) OTHER PERSONNEL.—Information (pertinent to the sport of 

professional boxing) on boxing promoters, boxing matchmakers, 

boxing managers, trainers, cut men, referees, boxing judges, 

physicians, and any other personnel determined by the Administration as performing a professional activity for professional 

boxing matches. 

SEC. 206. CONSULTATION REQUIREMENTS. 

The Administration shall consult with local boxing authorities—

(1) before prescribing any regulation or establishing any 

standard under the provisions of this title; and 

(2) not less than once each year regarding matters relating to 

professional boxing. 

SEC. 207. MISCONDUCT. 

(a) SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION OF LICENSE OR REGISTRATION.—

(1) AUTHORITY.—The Administration may, after notice and 

opportunity for a hearing, suspend or revoke any license issued 

under this title if the Administration finds that—

(A) the suspension or revocation is necessary for the protection of health and safety or is otherwise in the public interest; 

(B) there are reasonable grounds for belief that a standard prescribed by the Administration under this title is not 

being met, or that bribery, collusion, intentional losing, 

racketeering, extortion, or the use of unlawful threats, coercion, or intimidation have occurred in connection with a license; or 

(C) the licensee has violated any provision of this Act. 

(2) PERIOD OF SUSPENSION.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—A suspension of a license under this 

section shall be effective for a period determined appropriate by the Administration except as provided in subparagraph (B). 

(B) SUSPENSION FOR MEDICAL REASONS.—In the case of 

a suspension or denial of the license of a boxer for medical 

reasons by the Administration, the Administration may terminate the suspension or denial at any time that a physician certifies that the boxer is fit to participate in a profesVerDate 0ct 09 2002 22:02 Oct 18, 2002 Jkt 019010 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6603 E:\HR\OC\SR323.XXX SR323
35

sional boxing match. The Administration shall prescribe 

the standards and procedures for accepting certifications 

under this subparagraph. 

(b) INVESTIGATIONS AND INJUNCTIONS.—

(1) AUTHORITY.—The Administration may—

(A) conduct any investigation that it considers necessary 

to determine whether any person has violated, or is about 

to violate, any provision of this title or any regulation prescribed under this title; 

(B) require or permit any person to file with it a statement in writing, under oath or otherwise as the Administration shall determine, as to all the facts and circumstances concerning the matter to be investigated; 

(C) in its discretion, publish information concerning any 

violations; and 

(D) investigate any facts, conditions, practices, or matters 

to aid in the enforcement of the provisions of this title, in 

the prescribing of regulations under this title, or in securing information to serve as a basis for recommending legislation concerning the matters to which this title relates. 

(2) POWERS.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—For the purpose of any investigation 

under paragraph (1), or any other proceeding under this 

title, any officer designated by the Administration may administer oaths and affirmations, subpoena or otherwise 

compel the attendance of witnesses, take evidence, and require the production of any books, papers, correspondence, 

memorandums, or other records which the Administration 

considers relevant or material to the inquiry. 

(B) WITNESSES AND EVIDENCE.—The attendance of witnesses and the production of any documents under subparagraph (A) may be required from any place in the 

United States, including Indian land, at any designated 

place of hearing. 

(3) ENFORCEMENT OF SUBPOENAS.—

(A) CIVIL ACTION.—In case of contumacy by, or refusal to 

obey a subpoena issued to, any person, the Administration 

may file an action in any court of the United States within 

the jurisdiction of which an investigation or proceeding is 

carried out, or where that person resides or carries on business, to enforce the attendance and testimony of witnesses 

and the production of books, papers, correspondence, memorandums, and other records. The court may issue an order 

requiring the person to appear before the Administration to 

produce records, if so ordered, or to give testimony concerning the matter under investigation or in question. 

(B) FAILURE TO OBEY.—Any failure to obey an order 

issued by a court under subparagraph (A) may be punished 

as contempt of that Court. 

(C) PROCESS.—All process in any contempt case under 

subparagraph (A) may be served in the judicial district in 

which the person is an inhabitant or in which the person 

may be found. 

(4) EVIDENCE OF CRIMINAL MISCONDUCT.—

36

(A) IN GENERAL.—No person may be excused from attending and testifying or from producing books, papers, contracts, agreements, and other records and documents before 

the Administration, in obedience to the subpoena of the Administration, or in any cause or proceeding instituted by 

the Administration, on the ground that the testimony or 

evidence, documentary or otherwise, required of that person 

may tend to incriminate the person or subject the person to 

a penalty or forfeiture. 

(B) LIMITED IMMUNITY.—No individual may be prosecuted or subject to any penalty or forfeiture for, or on account of, any transaction, matter, or thing concerning the 

matter about which that individual is compelled, after having claimed a privilege against self-incrimination, to testify 

or produce evidence, documentary or otherwise, except that 

the individual so testifying shall not be exempt from prosecution and punishment for perjury committed in so testifying. 

(5) INJUNCTIVE RELIEF.—If the Administration determines 

that any person is engaged or about to engage in any act or 

practice that constitutes a violation of any provision of this title, 

or of any regulation prescribed under this title, the Administration may bring an action in the appropriate district court of the 

United States, the United States District Court for the District 

of Columbia, or the United States courts of any territory or 

other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, to 

enjoin the act or practice, and upon a proper showing, the court 

shall grant without bond a permanent or temporary injunction 

or restraining order. 

(6) MANDAMUS.—Upon application of the Administration, the 

district courts of the United States, the United States District 

Court for the District of Columbia, and the United States courts 

of any territory or other place subject to the jurisdiction of the 

United States, shall have jurisdiction to issue writs of mandamus commanding any person to comply with the provisions 

of this title or any order of the Administration. 

(c) INTERVENTION IN CIVIL ACTIONS.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administration, on behalf of the public 

interest, may intervene of right as provided under rule 24(a) of 

the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in any civil action relating 

to professional boxing filed in a United States district court. 

(2) AMICUS FILING.—The Administration may file a brief in 

any action filed in a court of the United States on behalf of the 

public interest in any case relating to professional boxing. 

(d) HEARINGS BY ADMINISTRATION.—Hearings conducted by the 

Administration under this title shall be public and may be held before any officer of the Administration or before a boxing commission 

that is a member of the Association of Boxing Commissions. The 

Administration shall keep appropriate records of the hearings. 

SEC. 208. NONINTERFERENCE WITH LOCAL BOXING AUTHORITIES. 

(a) NONINTERFERENCE.—Nothing in this title prohibits any local 

boxing authority from exercising any of its powers, duties, or functions with respect to the regulation or supervision of professional 

boxing or professional boxing matches to the extent not inconsistent 

with the provisions of this title. 

37

(b) MINIMUM STANDARDS.—Nothing in this title prohibits any 

local boxing authority from enforcing local standards or requirements that exceed the minimum standards or requirements promulgated by the Administration under this title. 

SEC. 209. ASSISTANCE FROM OTHER AGENCIES. 

Any employee of any executive department, agency, bureau, board, 

commission, office, independent establishment, or instrumentality 

may be detailed to the Administration, upon the request of the Administration, on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis, with the 

consent of the appropriate authority having jurisdiction over the employee. While so detailed, an employee shall continue to receive the 

compensation provided pursuant to law for the employee’s regular 

position of employment and shall retain, without interruption, the 

rights and privileges of that employment. 

SEC. 210. REPORTS. 

(a) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Administration shall submit a report 

on its activities to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and 

Transportation and the House of Representatives Committee on 

Commerce each year. The annual report shall include the following: 

(1) A detailed discussion of the activities of the Administration for the year covered by the report. 

(2) A description of the local boxing authority of each State 

and Indian tribe. 

(b) PUBLIC REPORT.—The Administration shall annually issue 

and publicize a report of the Administration on the progress made 

at Federal and State levels and on Indian lands in the reform of 

professional boxing, which shall include comments on issues of continuing concern to the Administration. 

(c) FIRST ANNUAL REPORT ON THE ADMINISTRATION.—The first 

annual report under this title shall be submitted not later than 2 

years after the effective date of this title. 

SEC. 211. INITIAL IMPLEMENTATION. 

(a) TEMPORARY EXEMPTION.—The requirements for licensing 

under this title do not apply to a person for the performance of an 

activity as a boxer, boxing judge, or referee, or the performance of 

any other professional activity in relation to a professional boxing 

match, if the person is licensed by a boxing commission to perform 

that activity as of the effective date of this title. 

(b) EXPIRATION.—The exemption under subsection (a) with respect 

to a license issued by a boxing commission expires on the earlier 

of—

(A) the date on which the license expires; or 

(B) the date that is 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Professional Boxing Amendments Act of 2002. 

SEC. 212. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be appropriated for the 

Administration for each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary 

for the Administration to perform its functions for that fiscal year. 

(b) RECEIPTS CREDITED AS OFFSETTING COLLECTIONS.—Notwithstanding section 3302 of title 31, United States Code, any fee collected under this title—

38

(1) shall be credited as offsetting collections to the account 

that finances the activities and services for which the fee is imposed; 

(2) shall be available for expenditure only to pay the costs of 

activities and services for which the fee is imposed; and 

(3) shall remain available until expended.

TITLE 5. GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES 

PART III. EMPLOYEES

SUBPART D. PAY AND ALLOWANCES

CHAPTER 53. PAY RATES AND SYSTEMS

SUBCHAPTER II. EXECUTIVE SCHEDULE PAY RATES

§ 5315. Positions at level IV 

Level IV of the Executive Schedule applies to the following positions, for which the annual rate of basic pay shall be the rate determined with respect to such level under chapter 11 of title 2, as 

adjusted by section 5318 of this title: 

Deputy Administrator of General Services. 

Associate Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration. 

Assistant Administrators, Agency for International Development (6). 

Regional Assistant Administrators, Agency for International 

Development (4). 

Under Secretary of the Air Force. 

Under Secretary of the Army. 

Under Secretary of the Navy. 

Assistant Secretaries of Agriculture (3). 

Assistant Secretaries of Commerce (11). 

Assistant Secretaries of Defense (8). 

Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force (4). 

Assistant Secretaries of the Army (5). 

Assistant Secretaries of the Navy (4). 

Assistant Secretaries of Health and Human Services (6). 

Assistant Secretaries of the Interior (6). 

Assistant Attorneys General (10). 

Assistant Secretaries of Labor (10), one of whom shall be the 

Assistant Secretary of Labor for Veterans’ Employment and 

Training. 

24 Assistant Secretaries of State and 4 other State Department officials to be appointed by the President, by and with 

the advice and consent of the Senate. 

Assistant Secretaries of the Treasury (7). 

Members, United States International Trade Commission (5). 

Assistant Secretaries of Education (10). 

General Counsel, Department of Education. 

Inspector General, Department of Education. 

Director of Civil Defense, Department of the Army. 

Deputy Director of the Office of Emergency Planning. 

Deputy Director of the Office of Science and Technology. 

Deputy Director of the Peace Corps. 

39

Assistant Directors of the Office of Management and Budget 

(3). 

General Counsel of the Department of Agriculture. 

General Counsel of the Department of Commerce. 

General Counsel of the Department of Defense. 

General Counsel of the Department of Health and Human 

Services. 

Solicitor of the Department of the Interior. 

Solicitor of the Department of Labor. 

General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board. 

General Counsel of the Department of the Treasury. 

First Vice President of the Export-Import Bank of Washington [Export-Import Bank of the United States]. 

Members, Council of Economic Advisers. 

Members, Board of Directors of the Export-Import Bank of 

Washington [Export-Import Bank of the United States]. 

Members, Federal Communications Commission. 

Member, Board of Directors of the Federal Deposit Insurance 

Corporation. 

Directors, Federal Housing Finance Board 

Members, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. 

Members, Federal Trade Commission. 

Members, Surface Transportation Board. 

Members, National Labor Relations Board. 

Members, Securities and Exchange Commission. 

Members, Board of Directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority. 

Members, Merit Systems Protection Board. 

Members, Federal Maritime Commission. 

Members, National Mediation Board. 

Members, Railroad Retirement Board. 

Director of Selective Service. 

Associate Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 

Department of Justice. 

Members, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (4). 

Director, Community Relations Service. 

Members, National Transportation Safety Board. 

General Counsel, Department of Transportation. 

Deputy Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration. 

Assistant Secretaries of Transportation (4). 

Deputy Federal Highway Administrator. 

Administrator of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development 

Corporation. 

Assistant Secretary for Science, Smithsonian Institution. 

Assistant Secretary for History and Art, Smithsonian Institution. 

Deputy Administrator of the Small Business Administration. 

Assistant Secretaries of Housing and Urban Development 

(8). 

General Counsel of the Department of Housing and Urban 

Development. 

Commissioner of Interama. 

40

Federal Insurance Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency. 

Executive Vice President, Overseas Private Investment Corporation. 

Members, National Credit Union Administration Board (2). 

Members, Postal Rate Commissions (4). 

Members, Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission. 

Deputy Under Secretaries of the Treasury (or Assistant Secretaries of the Treasury) (2) 

Members, Consumer Product Safety Commission (4). 

Members, Commodity Futures Trading Commission. 

Director of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, Nuclear Regulatory 

Commission. 

Director of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, Nuclear 

Regulatory Commission. 

Director of Nuclear Regulatory Research, Nuclear Regulatory 

Commission. 

Executive Director for Operations, Nuclear Regulatory Commission. 

President, Government National Mortgage Association, Department of Housing and Urban Development. 

Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere, the incumbent of which also serves as Deputy Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 

Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization, Department of Justice. 

Director, Bureau of Prisons, Department of Justice. 

Assistant Secretaries of Energy (6). 

General Counsel of the Department of Energy. 

Administrator, Economic Regulatory Administration, Department of Energy. 

Administrator, Energy Information Administration, Department of Energy. 

Inspector General, Department of Energy. 

Director, Office of Science, Department of Energy. 

Assistant Secretary of Labor for Mine Safety and Health. 

Members, Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission. 

President, National Consumer Cooperative Bank. 

Inspector General, Department of Health and Human Services. 

Inspector General, Department of Agriculture. 

Special Counsel of the Merit Systems Protection Board. 

Inspector General, Department of Housing and Urban Development. 

Chairman, Federal Labor Relations Authority. 

Inspector General, Department of Labor. 

Inspector General, Department of Transportation. 

Inspector General, Department of Veterans Affairs 

41

Deputy Director, Institute for Scientific and Technological 

Cooperation. 

Director of the National Institute of Justice. 

Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics. 

Chief Counsel for Advocacy, Small Business Administration. 

Inspector General, Department of Defense. 

Assistant Administrator for Toxic Substances, Environmental Protection Agency. 

Assistant Administrator, Office of Solid Waste, Environmental Protection Agency. 

Assistant Administrators, Environmental Protection Agency 

(8). 

Director of Operational Test and Evaluation, Department of 

Defense. 

Special Representatives of the President for arms control, 

nonproliferation, and disarmament matters, Department of 

State. 

Administrator of the Health Care Financing Administration. 

Director, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 

Department of Commerce. 

Inspector General, Department of State. 

Director of Defense Research and Engineering. 

Ambassadors at Large. 

Commissioner, National Center for Education Statistics. 

Assistant Secretary of Commerce and Director General of the 

United States and Foreign Commercial Service. 

Inspector General, Department of Commerce. 

Inspector General, Department of the Interior. 

Inspector General, Department of Justice. 

Inspector General, Department of the Treasury. 

Inspector General, Agency for International Development. 

Inspector General, Environmental Protection Agency. 

Inspector General, Federal Emergency Management Agency. 

Inspector General, General Services Administration. 

Inspector General, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 

Inspector General, Nuclear Regulatory Commission. 

Inspector General, Office of Personnel Management. 

Inspector General, Railroad Retirement Board. 

Inspector General, Small Business Administration. 

Inspector General, Tennessee Valley Authority. 

Inspector General, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. 

Assistant Secretaries, Department of Veterans Affairs (6). 

General Counsel, Department of Veterans Affairs. 

Commissioner of Food and Drugs, Department of Health and 

Human Services. 

Chairman, Board of Veterans’ Appeals. 

Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 

Prevention. 

Director, United States Marshals Service. 

Inspector General, Resolution Trust Corporation. 

Chairman, United States Parole Commission. 

Director, Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce. 

Director of the Institute of Museum and Library Services. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Agriculture. 

42

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Commerce. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Education. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Energy. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Health and Human 

Services. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Housing and Urban 

Development. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of the Interior. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Justice. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Labor. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of State. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Transportation. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of the Treasury. 

Chief Financial Officer, Department of Veterans Affairs. 

Chief Financial Officer, Environmental Protection Agency. 

Chief Financial Officer, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 

Commissioner, Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation. 

Inspector General, Central Intelligence Agency. 

Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. 

Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness. 

General Counsel of the Department of the Army. 

General Counsel of the Department of the Navy. 

General Counsel of the Department of the Air Force. 

Liaison for Community and Junior Colleges, Department of 

Education. 

Director of the Office of Educational Technology. 

Director of the International Broadcasting Bureau 

Inspector General, Social Security Administration. 

The Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor. 

Administrator, Rural Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Agriculture. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Commerce. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Defense (unless the 

official designated as the Chief Information Officer of the Department of Defense is an official listed under section 5312, 

5313, or 5314 of this title). 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Education. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Energy. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Health and Human 

Services. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Housing and 

Urban Development. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of the Interior. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Justice. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Labor. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of State. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Transportation. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of the Treasury. 

Chief Information Officer, Department of Veterans Affairs. 

Chief Information Officer, Environmental Protection Agency. 

Chief Information Officer, National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration. 

43

Chief Information Officer, Agency for International Development. 

Chief Information Officer, Federal Emergency Management 

Agency. 

Chief Information Officer, General Services Administration. 

Chief Information Officer, National Science Foundation. 

Chief Information Officer, Nuclear Regulatory Agency. 

Chief Information Officer, Office of Personnel Management. 

Chief Information Officer, Small Business Administration. 

Inspector General, United States Postal Service. 

Assistant Directors of Central Intelligence (3). 

General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Agency. 

Deputy Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Deputy Director of the United States Patent and 

Trademark Office. 

Principal Deputy Administrator, National Nuclear Security 

Administration. 

Additional Deputy Administrators of the National Nuclear 

Security Administration (3), but if the Deputy Administrator 

for Naval Reactors is an officer of the Navy on active duty, (2). 

The Administrator of the Untied States Boxing Administration.

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