United States

Department of

Agriculture

Forest Service User’s Manual for

“W.&M.

Southeastern Forest

Experiment Station

Total-Tree Multiproduct

Cruise Program

Alexander Clark Ill, Thomas M. Burgan,

General Technical Report SE-31 Richard C. Field, and Peter E. Dress
February 1985

Southeastern Forest Experiment Station

200 Weaver Blvd.

Asheville, NC 28804
User's Manual for Total-Tree Multiproduct Cruise Program

Alexander Clark III

Research Wood Scientist

Utilization of Southern Timber

Forestry Sciences Laboratory

Athens, Georgia

Thomas M. Burgan

Graduate Research Assistant

School of Forest Resources

University of Georgia

Athens, Georgia

Richard C. Field

Research Forester

Economic Returns from Forest Investments

Forestry Sciences Laboratory

Athens, Georgia

and

Peter E. Dress

Professor

School of Forest Resources

University of Georgia

Athens, Georgia

Contents

Page

Introduction ..........................

Program Design .........................

Tree Size Classes ......................

Tree Dimensions Measured ...................

Types of Cruises .......................

Species Tallied .......................

Component Weight and Volume Estimates ............

Growth Projection ......................

Data Input ...........................

Microcomputer Example ....................

B(ack-up Program and/or Work Disk .............

R(eplace Work Disk .....................

E(nter Cruise Data .....................

P(rint Output Tables for a Tract ..............

D(elete a Tract from the Cruise Data File .........

C(ompress Cruise Data File .................

T(erminate Program . . . . .................

Mainframe Example . . . . .

Logon . . . . . . . . . .

Enter Cruise Data . . . .

Output and Examples . . . . .

Interpretation of Output . . l

Literature Cited . . . . . . .

Appendix

A. Computational Procedures

Component Weights and

.................

.................

.................

.................

.................

.................

.................

Volumes .............

Board-Foot Volume Equations ..............

B. Preselected Program Options ...............

Field Summary Data Forms ....................

1

3

2

3

4

4

7

9

10

13

14

15

16

26

26

27

28

29

29

29

42

45

49

53

53

57

60

62

User's Manual for Total-Tree Multiproduct

Cruise Program

ABSTRACT

The Total-Tree Multiproduct Cruise Program is a user-friendly,

interactive computer program that uses standard tree-cruise data to

estimate the weight and volume of the total tree, saw logs, plylogs,

chipping logs, pulpwood, crown firewood, and logging residue in timber

stands. Input is cumulative cruise data for tree counts by d.b.h.

alone or by d.b.h. class and total height, height to 4-inch top, or

saw-log merchantable height for individual species or species groups.

Output is in tables: (1) board-foot volume by d.b.h., (2) total-tree

and tree-component biomass by d.b.h. class. (3) a suannary table, and

(4) projected annual growth by stand component and species. Output

can be expressed in tons, cords, cunits. or board feet per acre, or by

cutting units and tract totals; The program is written in FORTRAN V

for a mainframe and in PASCAL for the IBM-PC microcomputer. This

manual describes the program and how to enter cruise data to obtain

desired output for both the mainframe and microcomputer versions.

Keywords:

volume.

Computer program, inventory, biomass, tree weight, tree

Introduction

Timber utilization practices are rapidly changing. The southern pines are

now tree-length logged and marketed for veneer, saw logs, and pulpwood by weight

rather than measured by scale stick to determine board feet or cords. Poorquality hardwoods are now harvested for total-tree fuel chips, and logging

residue from sawtimber hardwoods is marketed for firewood. To stay abreast of

the changing utilization practices, to save time, and to reduce cruise computation

errors, foresters need a versatile, easy-to-use procedure for automatically

estimating the weight and volume of the total tree and its components (saw logs,

plylogs, chipping logs, pulpwood, firewood). The Total-Tree Multiproduct (TTMP)

Cruise Program meets this need.

TTMP Cruise Program is a computer program designed for general forestry

application. It accepts cumulative cruise data collected by standard timber

cruise procedures. It provides per acre or per area estimates of total-tree and

tree-component biomass and product yields for trees l-inch d.b.h. and larger.

Area estimates can be summarized by cutting units within a tract. The output

estimates can be expressed in tons, cords, or cunits, and in board feet by using

the Doyle, Scribner, or International l/&inch board-foot rules for saw-log volumes.

This manual is a guide to the user of the TTMP Cruise Program and will

assist in the interpretation of biomass and product estimates it provides. The

manual also explains the program's capabilities, how it is designed, and how it

calculates forest biomass and product estimates.

The mainframe version is written in Fortran V and is designed to be

accessed from remote terminals. The use of standard language syntax simplifies

the conversion of this program for running on other systems supporting FORTRAN V.

It is currently operational on a CDC CYBER 750 and an IBM 370. The microcomputer

version is written in UCSD PASCAL for operation on IBM-PC and IBM compatible

microcomputers that use the p-System (C2.A) operating systems developed by Network

Consulting, Inc. (NCI). 1 It is a turnkey program and requires two disk drives

1 Copyright C 1984, Network Consulting, Inc.; Copyright C 1984. Softech Microsystems, Inc.
and a minimum of 256K RAM storage. The program was developed by the Utilization

of Southern Timber Research Work Unit, IJSDA Forest Service, Southeastern Forest

Experiment Station, in cooperation with the Georgia Forestry Commission and the

University of Georgia's School of Forest Resources. For information on

obtaining either version, write to the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station,

'ZOO Weaver Boulevard, Asheville, NC 28804.

The program is designed for use by foresters or clerical personnel with

little or no previous computer experience. The program prompts the user to

enter information describing the cruise and the necessary tree counts. Data

entry in the microcomputer version is interactive, fast, menu-driven, and selfexplanatory. Special features are included that minimize the number of user key

strokes per run. Data can be quickly entered and edited. The interactive procedure of the mainframe is self-explanatory and easily correctable. The same

input data is requried for both versions and the output is identical.

The first version of the TTMP Cruise Program, called Total Biomass Cruise

Program (Clark and Field 1981), has been operational for 3 years. The program

has been used by the Georgia Forestry Commission to analyze more than 300

cruises. Other States, industries, consultants, and the USDA Forest Service

have used it experimentally and support its increased availability.

Program Design

The TTMP Cruise Program uses tree data commonly measured in standard cruise

procedures to estimate not only conventional forest products but total-tree and

residual biomass.

-

Tree Size Classes

Trees must be separated into three size classes for input, analysis, and

output:

size

Saplings--trees 1.0 to 4.9 inches d.b.h.

T%lpwood--or roundwood trees > 5.0 inches d.b.h.

Sawtimber--trees > 9.0 inches-d.b.h. for pine and trees > 11.0 inches d.b.h.

forhardwoods conFaining a minimum of one 16-foot number-3 saw log

The mainframe version requires that pulpwood trees be entered in two tree

classes:

Pulpwood--or roundwood trees 5.0 to 8.9 inches d.b.h. for pine and 5.0 to --7- 10.9 inches d.b.h. for hardwoods

--or roundwood trees > 9.0 inches for pine and trees > 11.0

+%%%+%+dwoods -

-
Tree Dimensions Measured

During a cruise, the user can choose among various combinations of tree

d.b.h. and height for measurements. Trees can also be tallied by d.b.h. alone,

but this w$ll produce less-precise summaries. The following combinations of

tree dimensions and their range by tree size class can be accepted by the

program. D.b.h. can be tallied at intervals of 1 or 2 inches up to 30 inches:

Tree dimension Size class and

combinations tally interval

SAPLINGS

d.b.h. 1.0 to 4.0 inches

d.b.h and tree

total height

10 to 90 ft in height

at 5- or lo-ft intervals

PULPWOOD AND LARGE PULPWOOD

d.b.h.

d.b.h. and tree

total height

d.b.h. and height

to a 4-in d.o.b. top

SAWTIMBER

d.b.h.

d.b.h. and tree

total height

d.b.h. and height

to a 4-in d.o.b. top

d.b.h. and saw-log

merchantable height

> 5.0 inches -

10 to 140 ft in height at

lo-ft. intervals or 20 to

100 ft in height at

5-ft intervals

10 to 140 ft in height at

lo-ft intervals or

5 to 85 ft in height at

5-ft intervals

> 9.0 inches for pine

7 11.0 inches for hardwoods -

10 to 140 ft in height at

lo-ft intervals or

30 to 110 ft in height at

5-ft intervals

10 to 140 ft in height at

lo-ft intervals or

20 to 100 ft in height at

5-ft intervals

1.0 to 6.0 (16.3 ft) logs

in height at half-log intervals

3
The selected d.b.h. and heights measured should be based on the type of

timber cruised and objective of the cruise. When cruising pines, d.b.h. in

combination with total height or height to a 4-inch d.o.h. top will give good

estimates of the total tree, stem to pulp top, and stem to a fixed saw-log top of

7 inches. D.h.h. and saw-log merchantable height will give good estimates of

the stem to a saw-log variable top. When cruising hardwoods by hard hardwood

and soft hardwood groups, d.b.h. and total heights or height to a 4-inch top will

also give good estimates of the total tree, stem to 4-inch top. These measurement

combinations, however, can result in less-accurate estimates of the merchantable

saw-log stem since these measurement combinations estimate to a fixed top of

9 inches d.o.b. and not a variable saw-log top. To obtain the best estimate of

the saw-log merchantable stem, hardwoods should be tallied by d.b.h. and saw-log

merchantable height.

TJJII!~_ of Cruises

The program has the capability of analyzing cruise data collected according

to the following specifications:

1. Fixed-area plot --for any specified circular plot size,

2 . Point sample --by using a prism with any specified prism factor,

3 . Strip cruise--given width and total length of strip or percent of

tract cruised and tract acreage,

4. 100 percent tree tally.

All trees > 1.0 inch d.b.h. can be tallied by the same cruise procedure, or

saplings (i.0 to 4.9 inches d.h.h.) can he tallied by using a different cruise

procedure than that used for trees > 5.0 inches d.b.h. -

Sp_cies Tallied

The program contains weight and volume equations for the 10 most important

species or species groups for each of the three main physiographic regions of

the South--Gulf and Atlantic Coastal Plains, Piedmont, and Southern Appalachian

Mountains. Thus the user can select weight and volume prediction equations

developed for a general geographic area to expand specific-area cruise data to

forest stand biomass estimates. Equations are stored in the program for the

following species or species group. Also shown are the location, number, and

d.b.h. range of the trees sampled to develop'the species weight and volume

equations used in the program.
Species name

PINE

HARD-HARDWOODS

SOFT-HARDWOODS

OAK SPECIES

LIVE OAK

combined

White oak, water oak,

laurel oak combined

Live oak

SWEETGUM Sweetgum

PINE2 Same as PINE--allows

user to tally pine in

two classes, sawtimber

or poles

Sand pine

Plantation slash pine

Pond cypress

SAND PINE

PLANTATION PINE

CYPRESS

Species

sampled

Locations

sampled

Trees D.b.h.

range sampled

(No.)

COASTAL PLAIN REGION

Natural loblolly,

slash, longleaf

combined

Alabama, Georgia, 1285

South Carolina

Hard hardwood species-- Coastal Plain of 303

white oak, water oak, South and Southeast

laurel oak, hickory spp.

combined

Soft hardwood species-- Coastal Plain of 842

sweetgum, blackgum, South and Southeast

red maple, water tupelo,

green ash, yellow-poplar

Coastal Plain of 138

South and Southeast

Northwest Florida 28

Coastal Plain of 313

South and Southeast

Alabama, Georgia, 1285

South Carolina

l-20

5-20

l-20

l-24

Northwest Florida 36 4-14

Georgia 139 2-12

Central Florida 58 5-18

(Inch)

l-24

l-20

l-20

5
Species name

PINE

HARD-HARDWOOD

SOFT-HARDWOOD

WHITE OAK

RED OAK

SWEETGUM Sweetgum

PINE2 Same as PINE--allows

user to tally pine in

two classes, sawtimber

or poles

VIRGINIA PINE

PLANTATION PINE

YELLOW-POPLAR

PINE

HARD-HARDWOOD

Species

sampled

PIEDMONT REGION

Natural loblolly and

shortleaf combined

Hard hardwood species--

southern red, scarlet,

white oaks, and

hickory combined

Soft hardwood species--

yellow-poplar, red

maple, sweetgum, green

ash, sycamore combined

White oak

Southern red oak,

scarlet oak combined

Virginia pine

Plantation lolbolly

pine

Yellow-poplar

Locations

sampled

Trees D.b.h

sampled rang

(No.) (Inch)

Alabama, Georgia,

South Carolina

Georgia, Tennessee,

South and North

Carolina

Georgia, South

and North Carolina

Georgia, South and

North Carolina

Georgia, Tennessee,

South and North

Carolina

Georgia, South and

North Carolina

Alabama, Georgia,

South Carolina

Georgia

Alabama, Georgia,

South Carolina

Georgia, South and

North Carolina

SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN ~~OUNTAIN REIG~N

1006 l-20

189 l-20

126 i-20

63 1 -20

98 l-22

61 i-20

1006 i-20

25 6-14

434 2-12

65 l-20

Natural loblolly and Alabama, Georgia, 1006 l-20

shortleaf combined South Carolina

Hard hardwood species-- Georgia, North

Northern red, white, Carolina

chestnut, black, and

scarlet oaks, hickory,

black locust, sweet

birch combined

269 l-24
Species name

___------- -------

SOFT-HARDWOOD

WHITE OAK

RED OAK

YELLOW-POPLAR

WHITE PINE

VIRGINIA PINE

RED MAPLE

HICKORY

A maximum of six species

unit and a total of nine

Species

sampled

Locations Trees D.h.h.

sampled sampled --- --~-- --- range

Soft hardwood species--

yellow-poplar, red

maple, basswood,

hlackgum combined

White oak

Northern red oak

Yellow-poplar

White pine

Virginia pine

Red maple

Hickory spp.

Georgia, North

Carolina

North Carolina

North Carolina

North Carolina

Georgia

Georgia

North Carolina

Georgia, North

Carolina

(No.) (Inch)

113 l-.24

28 5-22

71 5-24

65 5-28

36 l-24

25 1-14

36 5-16

54 5-22

or species groups can be entered for each area or cutting

different species groups can be summarized for a total

tract. The PINE2 species group is included to allow foresters to tally pine

timber in two classes --sawtimber for lumber and veneer, and pole-grade-trees for

utility poles and pilings or to tally cut-and-leave trees.

--_-----

Component Weight and Volume Estimates -~-------------

Total-tree and tree-component weight and volume equations for estimating the

green weight of wood and bark in pounds, and volume of wood in cubic feet, are

stored in the program by region, species, tree size class, dimension measured,

and tree component. The equations used in the TTMP Cruise Program were developed

from biomass data collected across the South by the Utilization of Southern Timber

Research Work Unit (fig. 1) in cooperation with the forest industries, Region 8

of the USDA Forest Service, North Carolina State Hardwood Research Cooperative,

Georgia Forestry Commission, and Tennessee Valley Authority. These equations are

available upon request from the authors, Utilization of Southern Timber Research

Work Unit, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Carlton Street, Athens, GA 30602.
Figure 1 .--Locations of stands where natural pine (P) and hardwood (Ii) trees were sampled

for regional species equations.
The program prompts the user for the information needed to select the

appropriate equations which are used with the tree-frequency counts to estimate

total-tree and tree-component weights and volumes. Estimated weight in pounds

and volume in cubic feet are converted to tons and cunits, respectively.

Total-tree and tree-component estimates in cords are calculated from the

estimated weight of wood and bark to simulate one of the measurements used in

selling wood. The following weight of wood and bark per cord equivalents are

stored in the program:

Geographic region

-

and species group - -

Coastal Plain

Pine

Hard hardwood

Soft hardwood

Cord equivalent _-p-

(Pounds)

5600

5700

5700

Piedmont

Pine

Hard hardwood

Soft hardwood

5350

5700

5700

Appalachian Mountains

Pine

Hard hardwood

Soft hardwood

5350

5800

5800

The pounds per cord equivalents are the same for hard hardwood and soft hardwood

because soft and hard hardwoods are generally mixed when weighed at the woodyard.

IJsers may enter their own factors for any of the species groups.

The user may specify the pulpwood d.o.b. top to be used for pine, hard

hardwoods, and soft hardwoods in the analysis. This option allows the program

to estimate more accurately the actual volumes to be harvested and what will

be left as logging residue. The user may also request that the saw-log

merchantable stem of natural southern pine be separated into small saw logs and

into logs of suitable size for processing into veneer (plylogs). To do so, the

user nither specifies the minimum d.h.h. tree from which plylogs can be cut and

the minimum top d.o.h. to which plylogs can be bucked or allows the program to

use the default values of 13 inches d.b.h.' and 10 inches d.o.b. top.

Upon request, the program will separate the stem of plantation pine into

chipping logs and upper stem pulpwood. The user specifies a minimum d.o.b.

top to which chipping logs can be cut and the minimum d.b.h. tree from which

chipping logs can be processed or can use the default values of 8 inches d.b.h.

and 6 inches d.o.b.

Board-foot volumes are estimated with equations developed from Mesavage

and Girard (1956) volume tables (Appendix A). The user can specify the log rule

(Doyle, Scribner, or International I/4-inch) and form class to be used for

estimating pine, hard hardwood, and soft hardwood board-foot volumes. No boardfoot estimates are made unless d.b.h. and height (total height, height to 4-inch

d.o.b. top, or saw-log merchantable height) are entered.

Growth Projection

The estimated weight and volume of a stand and its components can be

projected for up to 5 years into the future. The user can input growth

measurements or use growth values stored in the program. The growth measurements

9
entered by the user consist of the previous 5 years' radial growth (excluding

bark) and tree d.b.h. The user can enter the measurements for trees in both the

pulpwood and the sawtimber-size classes for pine. The stored growth values consist of equations with d.b.h. used as the independent variable for predicting

the radial growth of a tree. These equations were developed for pine, other

softwoods, hard hardwood, and soft hardwoods by the three physiographic regions

from forest inventory data collected in the Southeast by the Forest Inventory

and Analysis Research Work Unit (FIA), Southeastern Forest Experiment Station,

Asheville, NC (Joe P. McClure, Project Leader; pers. commun., 1983). Since

default radial growth values used in the program are regional averages, users

should enter radial growth measurements for the trees cruised to obtain more

accurate growth projections.

Growth projections are made by using the stand table projection method

(Avery 1967:233-235). This method assumes that trees in each diameter class are

evenly distributed throughout the class and that each tree will grow at the

average rate for that class. It also assumes that bark thickness does not

change during the 5-year period. In addition to projecting growth in d.b.h.,

height projections are also made by using equations developed by FIA (Joe P.

McClure, Pers. commun., 1983). Height growth equations are stored in the

program for pine, other softwoods, hard hardwoods, and soft hardwoods for each

of the three physiographic regions.

Mortality is then automatically subtracted from the projections by

applying factors, based on FIA data, to the tree counts by d.h.h. class:

Tree d.b.h.

class

(Inches)

Annual mortality rate(%)

(Softwoods~

---I_-

~Kar-&io-o-ds~

<6 1.9 1.1

> 6-- < 22 0.7 0.8

> 27 1.1 1.4 -

Projected tree and component weights and volumes are estimated by using the

appropriate equations applied to the projected tree counts and d.h.h. and height

values.

Data Input

Cruise data collected for a 40-acre pine-hardtiood tract in the Coastal Plain

will be used as an example in this manual. Trees 1.0 inch d.b.h. and larger

were tallied in 2-inch classes with a lo-factor prism at 40 points in the tract.

Default radial growth values were used to estimate growth. Exhibits 1 and 2 are

examples of the completed field forms for recording cruise information and

cumulative tree counts, by d.b.h. and height classes. Samples of blank forms are

included at the end of the manual; however, conventional cruise tally cards can

be used to record cruise data.

10
PLOT ,DBH SAPLING COUNT DBU

NO.

SAPLING COUNT

1

2 6 4

I

18

2

3

PULPWOOD--llEIGllT TO 4-INCU TOP (FEET)

4 10 .20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

5 .* . . $f PQ:

6

6

Y II I

87 8 K HO 3, ooHt= n

9 1 b /I 27 8

IO I2 . .

I

11 16 t

12 a

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Exllibit 1. - - TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM--Summary Form for Recording Cruise Counts

District No. 14 Case No. /h /g,

Geographic Region l./ Acreage in Tract 40

Address &,;I .7-f. Ab$ ens, 60. 30605

Forester (;yhl Address

No. Ar,3as in Tract

Area No. /

Area Identification

ArH:c_ry;;J,flnOndype CruI~'$~~q~' Lr4'

Tract Location rtP*n c/d

Phone 4Oq - 546

No. Plots LfO

- A441

Planted or Natural

Snerin~ 0:, ,- n-t-

__

I I I

SAWTIMBER--SAW-LOG MERCUANTABLE HEIGUT (LOGS)

1.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

w

Ill a .

I
Exhibi t 2. - - TOTAL TREE HULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROCRAW-Summary Form for RecordinR Cruise Couote

DlelricL No.

No. Areas in Tract

COUNT

u!dQ!

PLOT DBU cowq COUNT 1 DBU

NO.

I

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

II

12

13

14

15

16

II

18

19

20

DBU

2 -

3 4 -

PULPWOOD--U LGUT TO 4-INC!l TOP (FEET)

80 10 20 _.a!- H . .

I'* 5' 3

I: ff

g--.-A

.--

- -

10,

l-2

20

. .

”

Y-2

-r

9!--

.

a

fl

40

c-4

. .

f

50 60 10 60 IO 00

6

B

10

)Li

- .

_ .

_

3.5 4.0

- -

- -

-_

_-

_ _

.

I

7

,

SAI

-I--

3.0

'IHBER--SAW-LOC WRC

3.5 4.0 4.5

--

__--

)

2.5 3.0

El t:

IO 1

. .

.

2.0

a

I(

,.

**

4

2.5 2.0

u

8

tl

!LL12

14

16

111

20 Ii

--

22
Microcomputer Example

The microcomputer version is distributed on two 5-l/4-inch double-sided,

double-density floppy disks. The program disk contains NCI’s p-System operating

system and the compiled PASCAL code for the TTMP Cruise Program. The second

disk is the work disk and contains the species weight and volume equation

coefficients and is used to store cruise data output for printing.

To run the micro version, place program disk in drive A and the work disk in

drive B and "boot-up" the computer. After the NC1 copyright message, the

introduction describing TTMPCP will appear on the screen as shown below:

8$$$$ $$$!a $ $ $$$B$ $.fa$ $u4$

:

$

:

$S $b $ $ $ $ $f&

$ $ $ $$$$B $

:

$ B $

$ $ $ $ ii**; :

The Total Tree Multi-Product Cruise Program is designed to estimate

total tree, saw log, pulpwood, and firewood weight and volume of

forest stands from standing tree cruise data. TTMPCP was developed

by the USDA Forest Service Southeastern Forest Experiment Station

in cooperation with the Georgia Forestry Commission and the University of Georgia School of Forest Resources.

Version 1A - 12/84

Press space bar to continue.

13
The program options menu will appear after pressing the space bar. This screen

lists the options available to the user.

s$;%$ S$i$$ $ B $$$88 %$$$$ $$$.H

$$ $$ $ $

:

$ 4

$ B ;$$$;

: $ : ?la$la $ $ $

$ $ $ $$$$$ B

Program Options Menu

B(ack-up Program and/or Work disk (Format and Copy)

R(eplace Work disk

E(nter cruise data for a tract

P(rint output tables for a tract

D(elete a tract from the cruise data file

C(ompress cruise data file

T(erminate program

Give desired option:

B(ack-up Program and/or Work Disks. The program has a built-in back-up (B)

ootion that allows the user to format disks and make back-up copies of both the -r- -

program disk and work disk. When the user purchases the TTMP Cruise Program,

the royalty is paid to Softech Microsystems Inc. and NC1 copyrights of the UCSD

p-System. The user has the right to make two back-up copies of the program disk

for use on the computer but does not have the right to reproduce the program for

distribution. The user should make a back-up copy of the program and work disks

and store the originals in a safe place before using the program.

To make back-up copies hit "B," and the following instructions will appear

on the screen. Data entered by the user is shown in a box 1-1 .

14
***FORMAT AND COPY***

Which disk do you wish to produce a back=up for?

( "A"=Program disk, "B"=Work disk, E(scape ) ==> !I

Remove Work disk in Drive B and replace it with

the disk to be formatted and copied onto.

Note: This new disk must be double sided/double density.

Press space bar to continue.

When format and copy are complete, the screen will display the following

instructions.

***FORMAT AND copy***

Formatting and copying for new Program disk completed.

Remove this disk from Drive B, label it, and replace

it with the Work disk you removed earlier.

You must have a Program disk in Drive A

and a Work disk in Drive 8 to continue

running TTMPCP.

Press space bar to continue.

To make a back-up of the work disk enter "B" and follow the instructions which

appear on the screen. After making a copy of the work disk, replace it with a

program disk in the A drive and then hit the space bar to continue. The program

options menu will again appear on the screen.

R(eplace Work Disk. When the user wants to replace the work disk in the B

drive with another work disk without reboqting, the "R" option for replacing

work disks must be used. When "R" is pressed the following insructions will

appear on the screen.

You may change the Work disk jn Drive B at this

time.

The disk you replace it with must also be a Work

disk and may be newly created or one that has

been used previously.

Press space bar to continue.

15
E(nter Cruise Data. To enter cruise data for a tract, press the "E" and

the following table headings input screen will appear:

Listed below are headings that will appear on your output tables.

Please enter information as indicated by cursor.

LANDOWNER 4-t CASE NO

ADDRESS 4 ATHENS, GA1 DISTRICT

: 116Kl

NO :m

TRACT LOCATION :('I TRACT SIZE (AC):m

FORESTER j

I c

PHONE:1 912-546-24411

ADDRESS 4 WAYCROSS, GA1 NO. AREAS CRUISED IN TRACT:a

PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGION (T): COASTAL DATE (T): 84 / 12 / 09

Are you satisfied with the entries as shown? (Y or N) : YLl

The user enters the heading information in the box describing the cruise and

presses the enter key and the cursor moves to the next entry. The headings

with a (T) are toggle entries. The user presses the space bar to toggle in the

desired answer and then presses the enter key or carriage return to enter the

selection into memory. For example, the toggle selections for physiographic

region are Coastal, Piedmont, or Mountain. The year, month, and day are each

toggle entries. The last question in this screen asks if the user is satisfied

with the entries. If the user enters "N" for "no," the following edit

instructions will appear at the top of the screen:

To correct entry indicated by cursor, press SPACE BAR and re-enter, or retoggle

If entry is correct, a CARRIAGE RETURN moves cursor to the next entry.

i

1 6
When the user is satisfied with the tract heading entries and presses a "Y"

for "yes," the screen for entering area information shown below will appear:

Enter the necessary information for Area 1, as indicated by the cursor.

For toggle questions (T) hit toggle (SPACE BAR) until appropriate answer

appears. Press carriage return (CR) to accept entry.

ACREAGE : m STAND ID./LOCATION : [[ PINE-HARDWOOD1

TYPE OF CRUISE (T) : PRISM

PRISM FACTOR (T): 10 BAF

NUMBER OF PLOTS : 40 I

GROWTH PROJECTION (T): YES

YEARS PROJECED (T): 5 INCREMENT CORE DATA ? (T): NO

Are you satisfied with the entries as shown? (Y or N) : m

The user enters the acreage for the area and an alpha-numeric indentification

or name for the area cruised. The type of cruise, blow-up factor, and number of

plots entered in this screen are for all trees tallied or trees > 5.0 inches

d.h.h. if saplings were cruised differently. Cruise information-for saplings

tallied by a different cruise procedure will be entered later in the program.

The toggle is used to select from fixed-area, prism, strip, or 100 percent tally

for type of cruise. When selecting fixed-area cruise, the toggle is used to

select the plot size-- 1/4, l/5, l/10, l/20, l/50, l/100 acre, or other--and the

user enters a radius in feet. For prism cruise, the toggle is used to select a

prism basal-area factor (BAF) of 10, 5, or other, and the user enters a BAF

factor. When entering fixed-area or prism cruises the user must enter the number

of plots or points tallied in the area or the program will default to one plot

or point. When strip cruise is select-ed, the user can enter the width and

1 7
cumulative length of the strip in feet or enter the percentage of the area in

the strip. For growth projection, the toggle allows the user to enter "yes" or

"no .‘I If growth projection is requested, the toggle is used to select the number

of years growth to be projected (1 to 5) and whether increment core measurements

are to be entered for making growth projections. To obtain growth projections

for one or more areas in a tract, growth projection must be requested for the

first area entered.

At the bottom of this screen, the program asks if the user is satisfied with

the entries. If the user enters "N," the following edit instructions will appear

at the top of the screen:

rc

To correct entry indicated by cursor, press SPACE BAR and re-enter, or retoggle.

If entry is correct, a CARRIAGE RETURN moves cursor to the next entry.

When the user is satisfied with the area information entries and presses "Y,"

the screen that allows the user to select the tree dimensions recorded during

a cruise will appear as shown below:

TREE DIMENSIONS RECORDED DURING CRUISE AS CURRENTLY SET IN PROGRAM

==========================================================================

TREE DIMENSIONS STEM PULPWOOD DBH HEIGHT

SPECIES SIZE CLASS MEASURED TOP DOB INTERVAL INTERVAL

(IN.) (IN.) (FT./LOGS)

==========================================================================

PINE SAPLINGS DBH 2

PINE PULPWOOD DtH4 4 2 10

PINE SAWTIMBER DtMH 4 2 LOGS

H-HWD SAPLINGS DBH 2

H-HWD PULPWOOD DtH4 4 2 5

H-HWD SAWTIMBER DtMH 4 2 LOGS

S-HWD SAPLINGS DBH 2

S-HWD PULPWOOD DtH4 4 2 5

S-HWD SAWTIMBER DtMH 4 2 LOGS

==========================================================================

Are you satisfied with the entries as shown? (Y or N) :a

18
If the user is not satisfied with the preselected dimensions recorded as shown

and presses "N," the following edit instructions will appear at the top of the

screen:

-

Indicate (Y or N) if satisfied with line shown.

To correct entry indicated by cursor, press SPACE BAR to toggle responses.

If entry is correct, a CARRIAGE RETURN moves cursor to the next entry.

+

The screen showing tree dimensions recorded is edited a line at a time. If

satisfied with the line indicated by the cursor press "Y,' if not, press "N" and

the cursor will move to the next entry in the line. All entries are a toggle.

The d.b.h. or d.b.h. and height combinations under dimensions measured from

which the user can select are listed on page 3 for each tree size class. For

stem pulpwood d.o.b. top, the user can toggle-in 1 to 6 inches for pine or

hardwood pulpwood and pine sawtimber and 1 to 8 inches for hardwood sawtimber.

D.b.h. interval can be 1 or 2 inches and height interval can be 5 or 10 feet or

l/2 logs. The tree dimension selected must be the same for hard hardwoods and

soft hardwoods except for the stem pulpwood top d.o.h.

When the user is statisifed with the entries for dimensions measured and

presses "Y," the following screen showing default values for pounds per cord

equivalents and sawtimber form class will appear:

i

DEFAULT VALUES FOR PINE, HARD HARDWOOD, AND SOFT HARDWOOD

POUNDS PER SAWTIMBER

CORD EQUIVALENT FORM CLASS

==================================================================

PINE => 5600.00 78

H-HWD => 5700.00 78

S-HWD => 5700.00 78

==================================================================

Are you satisfied with the entries as shown? (Y or N) : m

c

19
If tie user wants to change one or more of these preselected values and

presses "N," the following edit instructions will appear at the top of the screen:

r

_________ _______ -_-_-__-----.------~ -------- -----____

To correct entry indicated by cursor, press SPACE BAR and re-enter, or retoggle

If entry is correct, a CARRIAGE RETURN moves cursor to the next entry.

--------.------------------------------------~~ ~-

The space bar is used to delete the current value indicated by the cursor and the

user can enter values ranging from 4,000 to 8,000 for pounds per cord and form

class values ranging from 65 to 90.

When the user is satisfied with the entries and presses "Y," the screen

that allotis the user to select output tables will appear as shown below:

_------------------.------------~----._--___ -__I_--- -~-

OUTPUT TABLE OPTIONS

==_=:==_l---_-- _--_-_=1;;==1;:===;;f====:_===_=====-==I=================

ESTIMATE

PER ACRE PER AREA

----_-----____--_-_----------- ----__---__--_-_-_------------__-__I_=_~~~~~~~~-~~~__~~~~~~~~~~~~~ __--- _----__

TABLE l-- BD FT HY DBH CLASS

DOYLE

SCRIBNER Y

INT. l/4

TABLE 2-- TREE COMPONENT BY DBH CLASS

TONS Y

CORDS Y

CUNITS

TABLE 3-- SUYMARY TABLE

CURRENT Y

PROJECTED Y

------ -------------_---_~~~~~~~~~~~~___~~~~~~ -----------_ _-- -----_--_-_-___-_---------__ -------__-_--_-----------___

Are you satisfied with the entries as shown? (Y or N) : m

---------------- --_------ _------ ----- ----- ------.---------__-____

If the user is not satisfied with the preselected output tables as shown

and presses "N," the following edit instructions will appear at the top of the

screen:

3

I---------------_---~~-----.- ---------- -~~--.------~~~.~~~---~- t

To correct entry indicated by cursor, press'SPACE BAR and re-enter, or retoggle

If entry is correct, a CARRIAGE RETURN moves cursor to the next entry.

20
Examples of Tables 1, 2, and 3 are shown on pages 43, 44, and 46,

respectively. The user can have a table printed on a per acre or per area basis,

or both. This screen also allows the user to select the board-foot rules to be

used to estimate board-foot volumes shown in Table 1, the units of measure to be

displayed in Table 2, and if Table 3 is to be printed showing current and projected estimates. The space bar is used to toggle a "Y" if the user wants the‘

table printed, or a blank if the user does not want it printed.

When the user is satisfied with the entries and presses "Y," the screen

allowing the user to select the species tallied in the cruise will appear as

shown below:

Listed below are the tree species for which tree component weight and volume equations are available for the

Coastal region. Indicate those tallied in Area 1 with

a Y(es. Press N(o or <SP> to continue through list.

PINE_____________> X PLANTATION PINE------>

HARll HARDWOODS---> X CYPRESS______________>

SOFT HARDWOODS---> X

OAK SP l __________>

LIVE OAK--------->

SWEEETGUM-------->

PINE2____________>

SAND PINE-------->

Are you satisfied with the selections made above? (Y or N) : m

The species or species groups available for each physiographic region are

shown on pages 5 to 7. The user can select up to six species or species groups

per area and a total of nine per tract. The user presses "Y" if a species is

tallied and "N," if not. If the user is not satisfied with the entries and

presses "N," the species selections are deleted and the selection process starts

over.

21
When the user is satisfied with his species selections and presses "Y," the

additional options screen will appear as shown below:

ADDITIONAL PROGRAM OPTIONS

Respond Y(es or N(o

=> Were saplings cruised using a method different

from that used in cruising pulpwood/sawtimber? m

If the user cruised saplings differently than trees > 5.0 inches d.h.h. the

program will ask for the type of cruise used and for-information related to the

cruise, such as prism factor or plot radius and number of points or plots on

which saplings were tallied. The cruise information originally entered for the

area is assumed to apply to the trees > 5 inches d.b.h.

After completing the above question the following option question will

appear:

=> Do you desire the sawlog stem, for natural pine,

to be separated into plylogs and small sawlogs? m

When the user answers "yes," the following questions will appear on the screen:

The user can then enter the minimum d.b.h. tree from which plylogs can be

and minimum d.o.b. top to which they can be harvested, or enter a <CR> to

the default values.

For the calculation of plylog weights and volumes, enter

the following tree dimension information:

DEFAULT LOWEST ACCEPTABLE

VALUE VALUE

Minimum d.b.h. class (in.): 1 13.0 11.0

Minimum d.o.b. (in.): m 10.0 8.0

Enter a <CR> is you wish to use the default value.

cut

use

22
After answering the above question, a third question will appear if two or more

areas have been cruised within a tract:

=> Do you wish to have Table 3 printed on a

tract level (i.e. over all areas cruised)?

When the user answers "Y,"

the tract.

Table 3A will be printed summarizing all areas in

Table 3B will also be printed summarizing board-foot volumes across

all areas.

When the user tallies plantation pine, the following question will appear:

l

=> Do you wish chipping-sawlog .output for plantation pine species? Kl

t +

If the user enters "Y," the following questions will appear:

For the calculation of chipping-sawlog weight and volumes, enter

the following tree dimension information:

DEFAULT LOWEST ACCEPTABLE

VALUE VALUE

Minimum d.b.h. class (in.): [71 8.0 6.0

Minimum d.o.b. (in.): 16( 6.0 5.0

Enter a <CR> is you wish to use the default value.

The user can then enter the minimum d.b.h. tree from which chipping sawlogs can be cut and the minimum d.o.b. top to which they can be harvested, or

enter, a <CR> to use the default values.

After answering the option questions, the user is asked to enter area cruise

data by species and tree size class. The program asks that sapling tallies be

entered first as shown for the example cruise on pages 11 and 12.

t t

INPUT: N(o data, <SP> accepts entry, <CR> returns for new dbh, E(nd of input

PINE - SAPLINGS (<= 4.0 IN.)

DBH TREE COUNT

+

23
To'enter the pine tree counts for saplings tallied by d.b.h. only, the user

enters the d.b.h. class, presses the space bar and the cursor moves under the

"tree count" heading. The user then enters the count and presses the carriage

return. To end the sapling input, the user presses "E." If no saplings were

tallied the user would press the "N" for no data.

After entering the sapling counts and pressing "E," the screen for inputing

pine pulpwood tree counts will appear as shown below:

INPUT: N(o data, <SP> accepts entry, <CR> returns for new dbh, E(nd of input

PINE - PULPWOOD (>= 5.0 IN.)

HT. TO 4 IN. TOP(FT.)

DBH

~--

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

,

To enter tree counts for pine pulpwood tallied by d.b.h. and height to

4-inch top, the user enters the d.b.h. class and then moves the cursor using the

space bar under each height class for which trees were tallied, and enters the

appropriate counts. After entering the counts for a d.b.h. class, the user presses

the carriage return and the question mark appears on the next line under d.b.h.

asking the user to enter the next d.b.h. class for which trees were tallied.

After enterinq the pulpwood counts and pressinq "E," the screen for inputing

pine sawtimber wily appear as shown below: -

INPUT: N(o data, <SP> accepts entry, <CR> returns for new dbh, E(nd of input

PINE - SAWTIMBER (>= 9.0 IN.)

MERCAHNTABLE HT. (LOGS)

-

DBH __-_0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.9 5.5 6.0 - -

24
After entering the appropriate pine sawtimber counts by d.h.h. and height

classes and pressing "E," the program will display the d.b.h. and counts as

entered for each tree size class and ask if the user is satisfied with the

entries. If the user enters "N," the following edit instructions will appear

at the top of the screen.

----_--------_l_

r-

- -

EDIT: N(o changes, <SP> to change line, D(elete line, A(dd to current input

~-----------------~~ - 1

The tree count input screens are edited a line at a time. If the user does

not want to make a change for a d.h.h. class, "N" is pressed and the cursor will

move to the next d.h.h. class. If the user wants to change the counts entered

for a d.b.h. class, the space bar is pressed to delete the counts entered. The

user then reenters the counts for the d.b.h. class and presses the carriage

return. If the user wants to delete both the d.b.h. and the counts, "D" is

pressed and then the d.b.h. and appropriate counts are reentered. If the user

wants to add additional d.b.h. classes and counts, "A" is pressed.

After editing the tree tally for a size class, the program will display the

tree counts again and ask if the user is satisfied. If the user is satisfied

the program will calculate the estimated weights and volumes for the species

counts entered and store them on the work disk. The program will then ask the

user to input the counts for the next species tallied. For the example in this

manual, the program would ask for the hard hardwood tally input and then the soft

hardwood input.

If the user indicated that pine increment-core measurements were to be

entered, the following instructions would appear on the screen after the counts

for pine are entered:

--- I_---_~---_-- ---.------___ ---- ---

PINE INCREMENT CORE MEASUREMENTS

Enter dbh of bored trees to nearest tenth of an inch followed

by the radial growth of the last 5 years to the nearest hundredth of an inch. Separate measurements with a blank. Signal

end of input with an E(nd <CR>. If no data was collected for a

tree class, enter N(one <CR>. Enter data:

FOR AVERAGE PULPWOOD TREES (5.0 TO 8.'9 INCHES):

?~X-X-J

?(pzq

?lXKq

?16.84q

?1-3X-q

? EI

-

25
The user enters the d.b.h., a space, and the width of the last 5 years'

growth excluding bark. If the entries are satisfactory, the user will be

asked to enter measurements for the sawtimber-size trees. If not satisfied,

the entries will be deleted and the user can reenter the correct measurements.

After entering the tree counts for each species and the increment-core

measurements if measured, the program menu (page 14) will appear on the screen.

P(rint Output Tables for Tract. The weight and volume estimates for each

cruise entered are stored on the work disk in the cruise data file. To print

the output tables for a cruise, the user presses "P" and the following table

will appear summarizing the tracts stored in the cruise data file:

Tract(s) currently residing in cruise data file:

NUMBER CASE LANDOWNER LOCATION DATE ---_-__----__

1 16A JOHN DOE GLYNN CO., GA 84/12/09

I _-_-_ ______~_____

Enter the number of the tract for which output

is desired or "0" if no output is desired ______> 111

c ---------

The tracts listed in the cruise data file are numbered sequentially

according to the order they are entered into the program. The listing also

shows the case number, landowner's name, tract location, and date of entry based

on the table heading information entered for each cruise. To print the output

tables for a tract, the user enters the number of the tract to be printed and

presses the carriage return.

While the tables are being printed the program menu of options will appear

on the screen because the program has a 50K print buffer. This allows the user

to enter another cruise while output tables are being printed. The user should

not use the back-up option while printing from the buffer since this can damage

the disk being copied.

D elete a Tract from the Cruise Data File A-- --.-.-After output tables for a tract

have een printed and the tra??-%il?%%ationi'no lonqer needed, the user can

delete the tract from the work disk cruise data file by using the Delete option.

When "D" is pressed the following table summarizing the tracts in the cruise

data file will appear on the screen:

~---__----- --------

Tract(s) currently residing in cruise data file:

--__--___I_I___ LANDOWNER -----I---~- LOCATION DATE

I 1 16A JOHN DOE GLYNN CO., GA 84/12/09 1 -~ ~-- ~-------

Enter the number of the tract you wish to delete

or "0" if no deletion is desired _______________> r_rT

--I_- ----

26
To delete a tract the user enters the number of the tract and presses the

carriage return. After deleting a tract, the menu of options will appear on

the screen. To efficiently use the storage space on the work disk, the user

should compress the cruise data file after deleting one or more tracts.

C(ompress Cruise Data File. The compress option is used to make storage.

space once occupied by deleted files available to store additional files. To

compress the cruise data file the user presses "C" and the following will appear

on the screen:

I

***COMPRESS I NG***

*** 2 records for a tract placed in temporary scratch file ***

*** RE-INITIALIZING.CRUISE DATA FILE ***

Records being initialized:..................

*** 2 records for a tract transferred back into cruise data fi

*** 1 deleted tract(s) removed from cruise data file ***

le ***

***COMPRESS COMPLETED ***

Press space bar to continue.

The compress option copies the records of the tracts not deleted in the file to

a temporary scratch file. It then initializes the cruise data file and

transfers the tract files back to the cruise data file, eliminating any unused

records occurring between tract records. When the Compress has been completed,

the user presses the space bar and the program options menu will appear.

The cruise data file on the work disk contains 48 records which can be used

for storing cruise output data. If more than 48 records are written to this

file, a file overflow will occur which can destroy track information on the work

disk. When the user has used 24 of these records to store track output estimates,

the following warning will appear on the screen:

27
-- --

Warning: You have 22 records in the cruise data file available

for storing inventory data.

The records currently in use consist of:

6 printable and deletable tract(s), and

0 tract(s) which have been deleted and need to

be removed.

If the number of areas PLUS the number of separate tree

species tallies to be entered for your tract is greater

than or equal to 22, a file overflow may occur.

Enter ' Y ' if you are satisfied that there is sufficient

room in the cruise data file for your timber cruise.

Enter ' N )I for a description of the alternatives available

to you for increasing the space on your work disk.

?

If the user presses "Y" the proqram will continue with the cruise data input

option. If the user presses "N;" the following instructions will appear:'

The records currently in use consist of:

6 printable and deletable tracts(s), and

0 tracts(s) which have been deleted and need to

be removed

Recommended options(s) for freeing space

1 - D(elete unwanted tract(s) from cruise

2 - C(ompress cruise data file.

Press space bar to continue.

in the cruise data file:

data file, AND then

Wherl the user presses the space bar, the menu options will appear and the

user can select the D(elete or C(ompress options as instructed.

T(ermi nate Program. The "T" option must be used to close the files on the

work disk when terminating the program. To terminate the program the user

presses "T," and the following instructions will appear on the screen:

Total Tree Multi-Product Cruise Program terminated.

Press cCtrl> <Alt> <Del> to restart program or

remove disks from drives

28
Mainframe Example

The mainframe version is an interactive program designed to use remote

terminals for input to produce output at the terminal or routed to a line

printer. The user provides information by answering prompted questions and by

entering a cruise summary of tree counts by species or species groups. When

entering a cruise the user has the choice of using preselected options stored in

the program (Appendix B) or of answering option questions to meet the user's

specific needs. How to answer option questions is illustrated in the following

example, which also shows the versatility of the program. Mandatory questions

that must be answered for each cruise when preselected options are used and no

growth estimates are needed are indicated by an asterisk (*).

Logon. The TTMP Cruise Program is stored on a mainframe in compiled object

code and a user needs the phone number for the computer, a user ID, and password

to access the program. The logon procedures are slightly different at each

installation. See local instructions for logon. After logon, the user selects

the appropriate procedure depending on whether the output is routed to the

terminal or a line printer. A programmer's guide describing the mainframe

FORTRAN V code, subroutines, and procedures used to compile and execute the

program is available upon request from the authors.

Enter Cruise Data. After the user calls TTMP Cruise Program with the

appropriate procedure, the program will start. The user answers each question

as it appears after the question mark (?) and hits the carriage return (CR) at

the end of each entry. After each line of data is entered it will be printed or

echoed back at the terminal.

I*

The data entered by the user are shown in a box

WELCOME TO THE TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM-- AN ADP

PROGRAM FOR ESTIMATING TOTAL TREE, SAW LOG, PULPWOOD AND FIREWOOD

WEIGHTS AND VOLUMES FROM STANDING TREE CRUISE DATA. TTMPCP WAS

DEVELOPED BY THE USDA FOREST SERVICE SOUTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENT

STATION IN COOPERATION WITH THE GEORGIA FORESTRY COMMISSION AND THE

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA SCHOOL OF FOREST RESOURCES.

29
* 1. ENTER THE FOLLOWING ON ONE LINE -- SEPARATE WITH COMMAS:

DISTRICT NUMBER,

CASE NUMBER,

LANDOWNER NAME, AND

-----

OWNER ADDRESS.~

? [14,16A,JOHN DOE,MAIN ST ATHENS GA 306021 CR

,, ,, N DOt MAIN ST , ATHLNS GA 30602

* 2. ENTER THE FOLLOWING ON ONE LINE -- SEPARATE WITH COMMAS:

PHYSIOGRAPIC REGION (2 = COASTAL, 4 = PIEDMONT, 6 = MOUNTAIN),

ACREAGE IN TOTAL TRACT,

NUMBER OF AREAS CRUISED SEPARATELY WITHIN TRACT,

TRACT LOCATION,

FORESTERS NAME,

FORESTERS ADDRESS, AND

FORESTERS PHONE NUMBER.

,40,1,GLYNN CO,SMITH,WAYCROSS GA,912-546-24411 CR

, , NN CO,SMITH,WAYCROSS GA , 912-546-2441

* 3. ENTER THE FOLLOWING FOR AREA 1:

ACREAGE,

TYPE OF CRUISE (l=FIXED AREA PLOT, 2=POINT SAMPLE, 3=STRIP CRUISE,

4=100% CRUISE),

NUMBER OF PLOTS SAMPLED OR '1' IF STRIP OR 100% CRUISE USED,

TYPE OF STAND ( l=NATURAL, 2=PLANTATION), AND

AREA IDENTIFICATION AND/OR LOCATION.

SEPARATE EVERYTHING BY COMMAS.

? CR

* DO YOU WANT GROWTH PROJECTION? (Y OR N)

? CR

(To obtain growth projections for one or more areas in a track,

growth projection must be requested for the first area entered.)

ENTER NUMBER OF YEARS GROWTH IS TO BE PROJECTED (5 YEARS MAX)

? lx CR

5

(The number of years' growth projected for Area 1 is used for all

areas in a tract for which growth is requested.)

IS INCREMENT CORE DATA TO BE ENTERED FOR GROWTH

PROJECTION? (Y OR N)

? CR

IDENTIFY BOARD-FOOT RULES TO BE USED IN ESTIMATING PROJECTED BOARD-FOOT

VOLUMES FOR SPECIES CRUISED IN TRACT (SAME RULES USED FOR

ALL AREAS). ENTER SPECIES CODE:

(Since the board-foot rules used to calculate percent growth for each

species group must be the same for all areas to allow for calculation

of tract totals this question must be answered for the tract during

input for Area 1.)

30
PINE=l, HARD-HARDWOOD=2, SOFT-HARDWOOD=3, OAK SP.=4, LIVE OAK=5,

SWEETGUM=6, PINE2=7, SAND PINE=B, PLANT PINE=9, CYPRESS=lO.

FOLLOWED BY CODE FOR BOARD-FOOT RULE (DOYLE=l, SCRIBNER=2,

INTERNATIONAL l/4=3). SEPARATE ALL ENTRIES BY A COMMA.

ENTER CODES BY ONE SPECIES PER LINE. SIGNAL END OF INPUT

WITH AN 'END'.

ENTER: SPECIES, BD.-FT. RULE

IF YOU DESIRE CHIPPING SAW ESTIMATES, ENTER 'YES' FOLLOWED BY

MINIMUM CHIPPING SAW TREE DBH AND TOP DIAMETER. SEPARATE ENTRlES

WITH A COMMA. IF YOU DO NOT DESIRE CHIPPING SAW ESTIMATES,

ENTER 'NO'. DEFAULT IS NO; MINIMUM CHIPPING SAW DBH ACCEPTED

IS 6-INCHES, DEFAULT IS 8-IN.; MINIMUM TOP DOB ACCEPTED IS 5-INCHES,

DEFAULT IS 6-IN.

(The above question is displayed only when entering plantation cruise data.)

TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM

LANDOWNER - JOHN DOE CASE NO. - 16A

ADDRESS - MAIN ST ATHENS GA 30602 DISTRICT NO. - 14

TRACT LOC. - GLYNN CO TRACT SIZE(AC) - 40.00

FORESTER - SMITH PHONE - 912-546-2441

ADDRESS - WAYCROSS GA DATE - 84/12/09

PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGION - COASTAL NO. AREAS CRUISED IN TRACT - 1

AREA - 1 ACREAGE - 40.00 STAND ID - PINE-HARDWOOD

TYPE OF CRUISE - POINT BLOW-UP FACTOR - 10.00 STAND TYPE - NATURAL

NUMBER OF PLOTS - 40 GROWTH PROJECTION - YES

YEARS PROJECTED - 5 INCREMENT.CORES - NO

* THE ABOVE INFORMATION SUMMARIZES THE GIVEN INPUT FOR

AREA 1. IF YOU ARE SATISFIED WITH THE ENTRIES YOU

MADE, ENTER 'YES'. IF YOU ARE NOT SATISFIED WITH ANY OF

THIS INFORMATION, ENTER THE QUESTION NUMBERS (1,2. OR 3) YOU

WISH TO CHANGE. MAKE SURE TO SEPARATE BY COMMAS.

? CR

(If 1, 2 or 3 is entered, question 1, 2 or 3 will be repeated so it

can be answered correctly.)

31
* 4. PRESELECTED PROGRAM OPTIONS HAVE BEEN STORED FOR THE MOST COMMONLY USED TREE DIMENSIONS AND PREFERRED OUTPUT TABLES BY STAND TYPE

AND CRUISE OBJECTIVE AS OUTLINED IN USER MANUAL. IF YOU DO NOT WANT

TO USE THE PRESELECTED OPTIONS, ENTER 'NO'. IF YOU WANT TO USE THE

PRESELECTED OPTIONS, ENTER 'YES' FOLLOWED BY THE CODE FOR TYPE OF STAND

CRUISED:

l=NATURAL PINE, 2=PLANTED PINE, 3=HARDWOOD OR PINE-HARDWOOD

FOLLOWED BY CODE FOR PURPOSE OF CRUISE:

l=TIMBER SALE, 2=MANAGEMENT PLAN, 3=DETAILED CRUISE

SEPARATE ENTRIES WITH COMMAS.

? CR

(When preselected options are used the program will immediately ask for

cruise data entry (page 39). See Appendix B for preselected cruise

options.)

PRESELECTED DIMENSIONS MEASURED, CRUISE PARAMETERS, & OUTPUT TABLES

DIMENSIONS STEM PULPWOOD DBH HEIGHT

SPECIES SIZE CLASS MEASURED TOP DOB INTERVAL INTERVAL

(IN.) (IN.) (FT./LOGS)

PINE

PINE

PINE

H-HWD

H-HWD

H-HWD

S-HWD

S-HWD

S-HWD

SAPLINGS

PULPWOOD

SAWTIMBER

SAPLINGS

PULPWOOD

SAWTIMBER

SAPLINGS

PULPWOOD

SAWTIMBER

DBH

D+H4

D+MH

DBH

D+H4

D+MH

DBH

D+H4

D+MH

2

4 2 10

4 2 LOGS

2

4 2 lfl

4 2 LOGS

2

4 2 10

4 2 LOGS

POUNDS PER SAWTIMBER FORM

CORD EQUIVALENT CLASS

PINE = 5600.0 78.

H-HWD = 5700.0

S-HWD = 5700.0 :::

32
OUTPUT TABLES

ESTIMATE

PER ACRE PEK AREA

--- ----- _--______ _

TABLE 1 Y

A. DOYLE Y

B. SCRIBNER Y

C. INT. l/4

TABLE 2 Y

A. TONS

0. CORDS Y

C. CllNITS

TABLES 3A & 38

CURRENT Y

PROJECTED Y

--_I_ ------------

AS SHOWN IN THE TABLES ABOVE, TTMPCP HAS STORED PKESELECTEI) CKUISE

PARAMETEKS AND OUTPUT OPTIONS. ENTER 'YES' IF YOU WANT TO USE THESE

STORED INPUT AND OUTPUT OPTIONS. ENTER 'NO' IF YOU WANT TO CHANGE DNE

OR MORE OF THE STORED OPTIONS.

? CR

MENU OF OPTION QUESTIONS

6.

L:

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

CHANGE CRUISE BLOW-UP FACTOR

CHANGE POUNDS PER CORD EQUIVALENTS

CHANGE TREE DIMENSIONS MEASURED AND CRUISE PARAMETEKS

SELECT PLYLOG AND SMALL SAWLOG OUTPUT

SELECT TABLE 1, SAWLOG BD. FT. VOLUME BY DBH, AND BD. FT.

RULE(S) USED IN TABLE 1

SELECT TABLE 2, TREE COMPONENT BIOMASS BY DBH, AND UNITS

OF MEASURE FOR TABLE 2

CHANGE SAWTIMBER FORM CLASS

SELECT TABLES DESIKED FDR PER ACRE, PER AREA, AND FOR

TRACT OUTPUTS

SELECT BASAL AREA OUTPUT

5. ENTER NUMBER(S) OF QUESTIONS YOU WANT TO ANSWER OR

'ALL' IF YOU WANT TO ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

SEPARATE NUMBERS WITH COMMAS.

? CR

33
6. THE USER MAY CHANGE THE TYPE OF CRUISE AND/OR A CRUISE SPECIFICATION (I.E. PLOT AREA, PRISM FACTOR, ETC.) FROM WHAT WAS PREVIOUSLY SPECIFIED BY THE USER OR BY DEFAULT. ALSO, A CRUISE TYPE

MAY BE SPECIFIED FOR SAPLINGS (TREES < 5.0 INCHES). ENTER

'NO' IF NO CHANGES REQUIRED. ELSE ENTER TREE SIZE CODE

(l= SAPLINGS, 2= TREES>= 5-IN., 3= ALL TREES), FOLLOWED BY TYPE

OF CRUISE (l= FIXED AREA, 2= POINT, 3= STRIP, 4= 100%). LIST ALL

CODES IN ONE INPUT STRING SEPARATED BY COMMAS.

NOTE: IF A TYPE OF CRUISE IS SPECIFIED FOR SAPLINGS, THE USER MUST ALSO

ENTER A TYPE FOR THE CLASS OF TREES>= 5-IN. (AND VICE VERSA).

? 1122 CR

&9

(In this example saplings (1) were tallied by using fixed area (1)

and trees 2 5 inches (2) were tallied by using a point cruise (2).)

ENTER RADIUS OF PLOT IN FEET FOR FIXED AREA PLOT USED TO CRUISE SAPLINGS:

(The user enters the radius of the plot in feet. Listed below are some

commonly used circular plot radii, in feet:)

l/4 acre = 58.55 l/10 acre = 37.23

l/5 acre = 52.66 l/20 acre = 26.33

l/50 acre = 16.65

l/100 acre = 11.78

ENTER NUMBER OF PLOTS USED IN CRUISING SAPLINGS:

? CR

ENTER PRISM FACTOR FOR POINT SAMPLE CRUISE USED TO TALLY TREE>=5 IN:

? CR

ENTER NUMBER OF POINTS USED IN CRUISING TREE>=5 IN:

? CR

(If a strip cruise is used, program will ask for two entries.)

ENTER WIDTH OF STRIP OR PERCENT OF AREA CRUISED:

? CR

(User enters width of strip in feet or percent of area cruised.)

34
ENTER TOTAL LENGTH OF STkIP OR 0 IF PERCENT OF AREA CRUISED

ENTERED ABOVE:

?

(User enters total length of strip in feet or zero.)

7. THESE ARE THE POUND/CORD EQUIVALENTS FOR YOUR PHYSIOGRAPHIC AREA:

PINE IS 5600.0

HARD-HARDWOOD IS 5700.0

SOFT-HARDWOOD IS 5700.0

IF YOU ARE SATISFIED, ENTER 'YES'; IF NOT, ENTER THE DESIRED CHANGES.

ENTER SPECIES (l=PINE, 2=HARD-HARDWOOD, 3=SOFT-HARDWOOD), COMMA,

FOLLOWED BY ITS POUND/CORD EQUIVALENT.

ENTER 'END' TO SIGNAL THE END OF CHANGES.

8. IN THIS SECTION YOU CAN SPECIFY THE DIMENSIONS MEASURED, THE PULPWOOD TOP DIAMETER, AND THE HEIGHT AND DBH INTERVAL USED IN TALLYING

A GIVEN SIZE CLASS. IT IS ASSUMED HARD-HARDWOOD AND SOFT-HARDWOOD

HAVE THE SAME DIMENSIONS EXCEPT FOR STEM PULPWOOD TOP DOB.

ENTER: THE SIZE CLASS (l=SAPLING, 2=PULPWOOD, 3=SAWTIMBER)

DIMENSIONS MEASURED (l=DBH, 2=DBH & TH, 3=DBH & HT4, 4=DBH & MHT,

AND O=NOT MEASURED),

STEM PULPWOOD TOP DOB (MAX. DOB: PINE=6 IN., HARDWOOD=8 IN., OR

O=NONE),

DBH INTERVAL (l=l INCH, 2=2 I.NCH),

AND HEIGHT INTERVAL (5=5 FT., lo=10 FT., AND O=NOT MEASURED OR LOGS),

SEPARATED BY COMMAS--ONE SIZE CLASS PER LINE.

NOTE: IF THERE ARE NO DATA FOR A SIZE CLASS, ENTER THE SIZE

CLASS CODE AND A '0', SEPARATED BY A COMMA.

IF SATISFIED WITH THE STORED PARAMETERS, ENTER 'YES' ELSE ENTER 'NO'

AND YOU WILL BE PROMPTED BY SPECIES.

ENTER DESIRED PINE CHANGES. IF NO CHANGES NEEDED, ENTER 'NONE'. SIGNAL END OF INPUT STREAM WITH AN 'END'.

ENTER: SIZE CLASS, DIMENSION MEASURED, PULP TOP DOB, DBH INTERVAL,

HEIGHT INTERVAL.

? CR

35
ENTER DESIRED HARD-HARDWOOD CHANGES. IF NO CHANGES NEEDED, ENTER 'NONE'.

SIGNAL END OF INPUT STREAM WITH AN 'END'.

ENTER: SIZE CLASS, DIMENSION MEASURED, PULP TOP DOB, DBH INTERVAL

INTERVAL.

CR

CR

CR

ENTER DESIRED SOFT-HARDWOOD CHANGES. THE ONLY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

HARD-HARDWOOD AND SOFT-HARDWOOD PERMITTED IS STEM PULPWOOD TOP DOB.

IF HARD AND SOFT-HARDWOOD PULP TOP DOB IS THE SAME, ENTER 'SAME'. IF

A DIFFERENT PULP TOP DOB IS USED FOR SOFT-HARDWOOD ENTER THE SIZE CLASS,

TOP DOB DESIRED. SIGNAL END OF INPUT STREAM WITH AN 'END'.

9. IF YOU DESIRE SAW-LOG STEM DIVIDED INTO PLYLOGS AND SMALL SAW LOGS,

ENTER 'YES' FOLLOWED BY MINIMUM PLYLOG DBH CLASS FOLLOWED BY MINIMUM UPPER STEM PLYLOG DOB. SEPARATE ENTRIES WITH A COMMA. IF YOU DO NOT

DESIRE PLYLOG ESTIMATES, ENTER 'NO'. DEFAULT IS NO; MINIMUM PLYLOG DBH ACCEPTED IS ll-IN., DEFAULT IS 13-IN.,: MINIMUM PLYLOG

TOP DOB ACCEPTED IS 8-IN., DEFAULT IS lo-IN.

?Q%%? CR

10. TABLE 1 - GROSS SAW-LOG BOARD-FOOT VOLUME BY

D.B.H. CLASS - IS OPTIONAL.

DO YOU WANT TABLE 1 (YES OR NO)?

WHAT BOARD FOOT RULE DO YOU DESIRE FOR TABLE l?

ANY OR ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE AVAILABLE:

l=DOYLE, Z=SCRIBNER, 3=INTERNATIONAL 1/4

ENTER THE CODES SEPARATED BY COMMAS OR 'SAME' IF YOU

WISH TO USE THE PRESTORED LOG RULE OPTI.ON.

CR

(See Appendix B for prestored options.)

11. TABLE 2 - TREE COMPONENT BIOMASS BY D.B.H. CLASS - IS OPTIONAL.

DO YOU WANT TABLE 2 (YES OR NO)?

? CR

36
WHAT UNITS OF MEASURE DO YOU DESIRE FOR TABLE 2?

ANY OR ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE AVAILABLE:

l=TONS(DEFAULT), Z=CORDS, 3=CUNITS

ENTER THE CODES SEPARATED BY COMMAS OR 'SAME' IF YOU

WISH TO USE THE PRESTORED IJNITS.

12. SAWTIMBER FORM CLASS--ENTER SPECIES (l=PINE, 2=HARD-HARDWOOD,

3=SOFT-HARDWOOD) FOLLOWED BY ITS FORM CLASS

ONE SPECIES TO A LINE--ENTER 'END' AT END OF INPUT.

IF ALL SPECIES HAVE THE SAME FORM CLASS, ENTER 'ALL', COMMA,

AND THE FORM CLASS.

13. ENTER THE NUMBERS OF ALL THE TABLES YOU WISH TO

HAVE ON A PER ACRE BASIS (1,7,3) SEPARATED BY COMMAS,

OR 'NONE'. ENTER 'SAME' IF YOU WISH TO IJSE THE PRESTORED FORMAT.

(See pages 43, 44, and 46 for examples of Tables 1, 2, and 3.)

ENTER THE NUMBERS OF ALL THE TABLES YOU WISH TO

HAVE ON A PER AREA BASIS (1,2,3) SEPARATED BY COMMAS,

OR 'NONE'. ENTER 'SAME' IF YOU WISH TO USE THE PRESTORED FORMAT.

? CR

ENTER CODES SPECIFYING TABLES YOU WISH TO HAVE PRINTED

ON A TRACT BASIS:

(l=CURRENT SUMMARY (TABLE 3), 2=PROJECTED SUMMARY,

3=GROWTH SUMMARY (TABLE 4)).

SEPARATE CODES WITH COMMAS.

IF NONE DESIRED, ENTER "NONE".

? CR

14. ENTER 'YES' IF YOU WANT BASAL AREA

INFORMATION OR 'NO' IF NOT.

? CR

(After answering option questions, the tables summarizing options are

reprinted to show current parameters.)

37
PRE-SELECTED DIMENSIONS MEASURED, CRUISE PARAMETERS, R OUTPUT TABLES

DIMENSIONS STEM PULPWOOD DBH HEIGHT

SPECIES SIZE CLASS MEASURED TOP DOB INTERVAL INTERVAL

(IN) (IN) (FT/LOGS)

PINE

PINE

PINE

H-HWD

H-HWD

H-HWD

S-HWD

S-HWD

S-HWD

SAPLINGS

PULPWOOD

SAWTIMBER

SAPLINGS

PULPWOOD

SAWTIMBER

SAPLINGS

PULPWOOD

SAWTIMBER

DBH

D+H4

DtMH

DBH

D+H4

DtMH

DBH

D+H4

DtMH

2

4 2 10

4 2 LOGS

2

4 2 10

4 2 LOGS

2

4 2 10

4 2 LOGS

POUNDS PER SAWTIMBER FORM

CORD EQUIVALENT CLASS

PINE = 5600.0 78.

H-HWD = 5700.0 78.

S-HWD = 5700.0 78.

OUTPUT TABLES

ESTIMATE

PER ACRE PER AREA

TABLE 1 Y

A. DOYLE Y

B. SCRIBNER Y

C. INT. l/4

TABLE 2 Y

A. TONS Y

B. CORDS Y

C. CUNITS Y

TABLES 3A & 3B

CURRENT Y

PROJECTED Y

ENTER 'YES' IF THE CHANGES YOU HAVE MADE ABOVE ARE CORRECT. IF

NOT, ENTER 'NO' AND YOU WILL BE PROMPTED FOR CORRECTIONS TO

BE MADE.

? CR

38
* THIS IS THE CRUISE DATA INPUT SECTION FOR AREA 1.

IDENTIFY THOSE SPECIES GROUPS FOR WHICH CRUISE DATA WERE COLLECTED.

SPECIFY SPECIES BY USING THE FOLLOWING CODES:

PINE=l, HARD-HARDWOOD=Z, SOFT-HARDWOOD=3, OAK SP.=4, LIVE OAK=5,

SWEETGUM=6, PINE2=7, SAND PINE=8, PLANT PINE=9, CYPRESS=lO.

A MAXIMJJM OF 6 SPECIES CAN BE TALLIED PER AREA (9 PER TRACT).

ENTER CODES, FOR SPECIES TALLIED, ON ONE LINE SEPARATED BY COMMAS.

ENTER DBH OF BORED TREES TO NEAREST TENTH OF AN INCH FOLLOWED BY THE

RADIAL GROWTH OF THE LAST 5 YEARS TO THE NEAREST HUNDREDTH OF AN INCH.

SEPARATE ENTRIES WITH COMMAS; YOU ARE ALLOWED UP TO 8 DBH/RADIAL GROWTH

PAIRS PER LINE.

YOU WILL BE PROMPTED BY SPECIES AND TREE SIZE CLASS. IF NO TREES

BORED, ENTER 'NONE'.

ENTER PINE MEASUREMENT DATA FOR AVERAGE PULPWOOD TREES

(5.0 TO 8.9 INCHES)

ENTER DBH,RADIAL GROWTH(5 YR.),.....

? 6.3,0.28 ,*,*4,*,* 8 8 0 0 7 5 0 27 ,*,* 8 1 0 50 , 7 .8,0.42[ CR

l ,* ,*,* ,a,* ,.,a ,, .‘) .

ARE THE MEASUREMENTS YOU HAVE ENTERED CORRECT? (Y OR N)

? CR

ENTER PINE MEASUREMENT DATA FOR AVERAGE SAWTIMBER TREES

(> 9.0 INCHES)

ENTER: DBH,RADIAL GROWTH(5 YR.),....

? 10.2,0.58,12.0,0.65,9.3,0.41,9.5,0.57,9.2,0.31~ CR

0,. 0 58 , 12 l 0 ,* 0 65 ,*,* 9 3 0 41 , 9 l 5 , 0 -5, I 9 .-) 7 0 . 31

ARE THE MEASUREMENTS YOU HAVE ENTERED ABOVE CORRECT? (Y OR N)

CR

(If no increment-core data to be entered, the question asking for radial

growth will not appear.)

IF THE DIMENSION MEASURED FOR A SIZE CLASS IS

DBH ONLY, ENTER THE DBH CLASS FOLLOWED BY ITS TREE COUNT.

IF DBH AND HEIGHT ARE MEASURED, ENTER T

yh

DBH CLASS FOLLOWED

BY THE INITIAL HEIGHT CLASS MEASURED FOL OWED BY THE

TREE COUNTS (REMAINING HEIGHTS NEED NOT BE ENTERED)

MAKE SJJRE TO INCLUDE ZERO COUNTS IF SURROUNDED BY NON-ZERO COUNTS.

SEPARATE EACH ELEMENT OF DATA BY A COMMA. ENTER ONLY ONE DBH CLASS TO

A LINE. YOU WILL BE PROMPTED BY SPECIES FOR INPUT.

39
PINE CRIIISE DATA INPUT SECTION

ENTER PINE CRUISE DATA.

YOU WILL BE PROMPTED BY SIZE CLASS - IF THERE ARE NO DATA FOR A

SIZE CLASS, ENTER 'NONE'. SIGNAL END OF DATA INPUT, FOR EACH SIZE

CLASS, WITH AN 'END'.

* IN. DBH)

* PULPWOOD (5- 8 IN. DBH):

? 6,10,4,k12 [ CR ''

IN. DBH):

40
SUMMARY OF PINE TREE COUNT INPUT DATA

PINE - SAPLINGS

DBH TREE COUNT

2 6

4 18

PINE - PULPWOOD

HT. TO 4 IN. TOP(FT.)

DBH 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

6 4 11 12

8 6 17 27 8

PINE - PULPWOOD

HT. TO 4 IN. TOP(FT.)

DBH 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1no 110 120 130 140

12 2 1

16 2

PINE - SAWTIMBER

MERCHANTABLE HT.(LOGS)

DBH 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0

10 5 20 20 1

12 2 16 25 8

14 16 12

16 2 15 14

18 1 2 3 1

20 1 4 4 1

* THE ABOVE TABLE SUMMARIZES THE GIVEN PINE INPUT. IF YOU ARE

SATISFIED, ENTER 'YES'. IF YOU WANT TO MAKE CORRECTIONS IN THE ABOVE

TABLE, ENTER THE SIZE CLASSES YOU WISH TO CHANGE OR MAKE ADDITIONS TO

(l=SAPLINGS, 2=PULPWOOD, 3=SAWTIMBER, 4=LARGE PULPWOOD).

SEPARATE CODES WITH COMMAS.

? CR

HARD-HWD CRUISE DATA INPUT SECTION

ENTER HARD-HWD CRUISE DATA.

YOU WILL BE PROMPTED BY SIZE CLASS - IF THERE ARE ND DATA FOR A

SIZE CLASS, ENTER 'NONE'. SIGNAL END OF DATA INPUT, FOR EACH SIZE

CLASS, WITH AN 'END'.

41
At this point in the program the user would enter the tree counts by d.b.h. and

height classes by tree size class in the same manner as was done for the pine.

The program would then print out the summary of the hard hardwood input for the

user to check and make corrections. After telling the program the hard hardwood

input data were correct, the program would ask for soft hardwood data input.

After the cruise data for each species tallied in an area have been entered,

the program will ask the following question if more than one area in a tract has

been cruised.

DO YOU WANT TO CONTINUE THE NEXT AREA (Y OR N)

?

Data entry for each area in a tract starts with question 3 (page 30). After

answering question 3 for an area the following question will be asked:

THE STORED PRESELECTED CRUISE PARAMETERS USED FOR THE PREVIOIJS AREA WILL

BE USED FOR THIS AREA UNLESS SPECIFIED OTHERWISE. ENTER 'YES' TO REUSE

THESE STORED OPTIONS OR 'NO' IF CHANGES ARE DESIRED.

If the above question is answered "Yes," the program will immediately ask for

cruise data entry. If the above question is answered "No," the program will ask

question 4 (page 32).

After all cruise data for each area have been entered, the computer will

calculate estimated weights and volumes and route output to the terminal or line

printer.

Output and Examples

Output from this program is designed to provide the forester, landowner or

timber buyer with information to evaluate the utilization options for marketing

the timber. The output from the program shows the aggregate weight and volume

of the total tree above-stump for trees in the stand by species or species

groups. It breaks down these estimates into saw logs, plylogs, pulpwood, crown

firewood, and logging residue and gives these estimates in tons, cords, cunits

and board feet per acre or by area and tract totals.

in four basic output tables:

This information is provided

a table showing board-foot volume by d.b.h., a

table showing total-tree and tree-component biomass by d.h.h. class, a summary

table, and a table showing projected annual growth by stand component and species.

Exhibit 3 is an example of the output displayed in Tables lA, lB, and 1C

which show predicted gross board-foot volumes based on the Doyle, Scribner, or

International I/4-inch board-foot rules, respectively. These output tables show

the predicted board-foot volume by d.b.h. class, the totals for each species,

and the total board feet over all species for the specified form class; also

displayed are the average saw-log heights and numbers of trees by species and

d.b.h. class.

Exhibit 4 is an example of the output displayed in Tables ZA, ZB, and 2C

which show estimated total-tree and tree-component biomass expressed in tons,

cords, and cunits, respectively. These output tables show predicted biomass for

the total tree above-stump, stem from butt to the specified pulpwood top, saw-log

stem, stem pulpwood, and hardwood crown firewood > 4 inches d.o.b. Stem

pulpwood consists of the stem from butt to the specified pulp d.o.b. top in

pulpwood trees and the stem pulpwood above the sawtimber top in sawtimber trees.

When planted pine cruise data are analyzed and chipping saw logs are requested,

Table 2 will display the weight or volume of chipping logs instead of saw logs.

Also shown in Table 2 is the average height and the estimated number of trees by

d.b.h. classes.

42
EXHIBIT 3 .--EXAMPLE OF TABLE 1B SHOWING ESTIMATED SCRIBNER BOARD-FOOT VOLUME FOR

FORM CLASS 78 BY DBH CLASS.

TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM

LANDOWNER - JOHN DOE CASE NO. - 16A

ADDRESS - MAIN ST ATHENS GA 30602 DISTRICT NO. - 14

TRACT LOC. - GLYNN CO TOTAL TRACT(AC) - 40.0

AREA 1 - PINE-HARDWOOD AREA 1 ACREAGE - 40.00

FORESTER - SMITH PHONE - 912-546-2441

ADDRESS - WAYCROSS GA DATE - 84/12/09

TABLE lB--PREDICTED SCRIBNER GRCSS SAWLOG BD.FT. VOLUME BY DBH CLASSES.

CURRENT ESTIMATES - YIELD PER ACRE

DBH AVERAGE HEIGHT EST. NO. OF TREES SAWLOG VOLUME-SCRIBNER,FC /l/

(IN.) _______(LOGS)__ _____ _______ (NUMBER) _______ -----(THOUSAND BOARD FEET)-----

PINE HHWD SHWD PINE HHWD SHWD PINE HHWD SHWD ALL

SPECIES

10 1.7 1:: .O 21.1 1:: 2:; .8 .O .O .8

12 1.9 2.0 16.2 1.2 .l .2 1.4

14 1.7 1.8 2.4 6.5 3.7 5.1 .7 .4 .7 1.7

16 2.2 2.0 2.5 5.6 :: .7 .9 .l .l 1.2

18 2.3 2.0 .O 1.0 .D .2 .l .O .3

20 2.3 .O .O 1.1 .O .O .3 .O .O .3

ALL

CLASSES 51.6 6.3 8.4 4.1 .7 1.0 5.8

/l/ FORM CLASS: PINE= 78.; SOFT HWD= 78.; HARD HWD= 78.

43
EXHIBIT 4.-- EXAMPLE OF TABLE 2A SHOWING ESTIMATED TOTAL-TREE AND TREE-COMPONENT

BIOMASS IN TONS BY DBH CLASS.

TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM

LANDOWNER - JOHN DOE CASE NO. - 16A

ADDRESS - MAIN ST ATHENS GA 30602 DISTRICT NO. - 14

TRACT LOC. - GLYNN CO TOTAL TRACT(AC) - 40.0

AREA 1 - PINE-HARDWOOD AREA 1 ACREAGE - 40.00

FORESTER - SMITH PHONE - 912-546-2441

ADDRESS - WAYCROSS GA DATE - 84/12/09

TABLE 2A--PREDICTED TOTAL TREE AND COMPONENT BIOMASS BY DBH CLASSES.

CURRENT ESTIMATE - YIELD PER ACRE

DBH AVERAGE EST. TOTAL STEM TO SAWLOGS STEM FIREWOOD

HEIGHT TREES TREE PULP TOP /l/ PULPWOOD >= 4 IN.

UN) (FT.&LOGS) (NO.) _________________________TONS____________________________

2 .O

4 .O

68.8

51.6

6 23.0 34.4

8 36.4 41.5

12 43.3 1.0

16 50.0 .4

10 1.7 21.1

12 1.9 16.2

14 1.7 6.5

16 2.2 5.6

18 2.3 1.0

20 2.3 1.1

PINE

--SAPLINGS--

.6

2.9

--PULPWOOD--

5.1 3.3

13.0 10.6

.7 .6

.5 .4

--SAWTIMBER--

9.9 8.8

12.7 10.4

6.9 5.3

8.5 6.7

1.9 1.5

2.7 2.j

3.3

10.6

.6

.4

7.1 1.7

8.4 1.9

4.1 1.2

5.6 1.1

1.3 .2

1.8 .4

ALL

CLASSES 249.1 65.4 49.9 28.3 21.6

/l/ STEM PULPWOOD TOP:

PULPWOOD - 4-IN. FOR PINE; 4-IN. FOR HHWD; 4-IN. FOR SHWD.

SAWTIMBER - 4-IN. FOR PINE; 4-IN. FOR HHWD; 4-IN. FOR SHWD.

44
The summary consists of two tables, Table 3A and Table 3B. Table 3A

(Exhibit 5) shows the predicted total biomass of all trees in the stand in tons,

cords, and cunits for each species and all species combined. Estimated total

biomass is displayed for saplings (1.0 to 4.0 inches), and for trees > 5.0

inches d.b.h. The biomass in trees > 5.0 inches is divided into matezal in the

stem to the specified pulpwood top ard material in the crown (branches and.stem

above the pulp d.o.b. top). The stem to a pulpwood top is further separated

into saw-log and pulpwood components. The pulpwood component consists of

estimates of pulpwood from pulpwood-size trees and of that which comes from the

tops of sawtimber-size trees. When natural pine data are analyzed and the user

selects the plylog option, the saw-log stem is separated into plylogs and small

saw logs and their weights and volumes displayed. The amount of crown that is

> 4 inches d.o.b. is also displayed for hardwoods as crown firewood. When

panted pine cruise data are analyzed and the chipping-log option selected,

chipping-log estimates are displayed instead of saw-log estimates in Table 3A.

Table 3B (Exhibit 6) displays the total board-foot volume for each

species by the desired log rules for all saw logs, small saw logs, and plylogs.

This table also shows the estimated average basal areas per acre in square feet

and average quadratic mean d.b.h. for saplings, pulpwood, and sawtimber-size

trees for each species.

Output Table 4 (Exhibit 7) shows the projected annual growth by stand

component for each species tallied. Annual growth estimates are based on 5-year

increment-core measurements of radial growth entered by the user, or stored average

annual radial growth values. The present volume per acre, present growth per

acre per year, and total annual growth for the stand-by-stand component are

displayed. Annual growth is expressed in board feet for saw logs, in cords for

pulpwood, and in tons for total-tree chips. When planted pine chipping-log

estimates are desired, chipping-log annual growth is expressed in cords. The

stem to pulp top growth values in Exhibit 5 are for the total stem from butt to

the pulp top and the pulpwood values are for pulpwood from pulpwood-size tree

and tops of sawtimber-size trees. Percent annual change per acre is also shown

for each stand component.

Using the stand table projection method, the current tree tallies can be

projected for up to 5 years and Tables 3A and 3B can be reprinted to show

estimates of future weights and volumes. Output Tables 1 to 3 can be printed

on a per acre or area basis. Tables 3A and 3B, the summary tables showing

current or projected weight and volume, can be printed to summarize all areas

within a tract. Table 4, the table showing annual growth, can also be printed

to summarize growth by stand component for a tract.

Interpretation of Output

The TTMP Cruise Program is designed to predict gross total-tree and

tree-component stand weights and volumes by using regional species equations.

Thus, these estimates should be interpreted and used carefully. Estimates are

made assuming efficient utilization will be followed during timber harvesting.

If the loggers fail to cut saw logs to the upper stem limit cruised, or cut stem

pulpwood to only a 6-inch rather than a 4-inch small end diameter, the program

will overestimate product yields. Therefore, users should change pulpwood top

diameters used in the program to coincide with local harvesting practices.

The output tables ,showing biomass by d.b.h. classes (Tables 2A, 2B, 2C)

and the summary (Table 3A), contain weight and volume estimates for the basic

components of the tree. These basic values permit users to combine component

estimates to simulate harvesting practices in their area. For example, in

some areas only hardwood saw logs can be sold commercially and no market for

hardwood pulpwood exists. Stem pulpwood estimates therefore would be combined

with crown firewood and marketed as firewood.

45
EXHIBIT 5.--EXAMPLE OF TABLE 3A WHICH SUMMARIZES THE PREDICTED TOTAL-TREE

AND TREE-COMPONENT WEIGHTS AND VOLUMES BY SPECIES.

TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM

LANDOWNER - JOHN DOE CASE NO. - 16A

ADDRESS - MAIN ST ATHENS GA 30602 DISTRICT NO. - 1 4

TRACT LOC. - GLYNN CO TOTAL lRACT(AC) - 40.0

AREA 1 - PINE-HARDWOOD AREA 1 ACREAGE - 40.00

FORESTER - SMITH PHONE - 912-546-2441

ADDRESS - WAYCROSS GA DATE - 84/12/09

TABLE 34--SUMMARY OF PREDICTED TOTAL TREE AND COMPONENT WEIGHT AND VOLUME.

CURRENT ESTIMATE - YIELD PER ACRE

COMPONENT PINE HARD-HWD SOFT-HWD ALL TREES

TOTAL TREE(ALL)

SAPLINGS(< 5 IN.)

TOTAL TREE(> 5 IN.)

STEM TO PULPWOOD TOP /l/

ALL SAWLOGS /2/

SMALL SAWLOGS IS/

PLYLOGS /6/

PULPWOOD (ALL)

PULPWOOD TREES

SAWTIMBER TOPS

TOTAL CROWN

CROWN FIREWOOD>= 41N

TOTAL lREE(ALL)

SAPLINGS(< 5 IN.)

TOTAL TREE(> 5 IN.)

STEM TO PULPWOOD TOP /l/

ALL SAWLOGS /2/

SMALL SAWLOGS /5/

PLYLOGS /6/

PULPWOOD (ALL)

PULPWOOD TREES

SAWTIMBER TOPS

TOTAL CROWN

CROWN FIREWOOD>= 41N

TOTAL TREE(ALL)

SAPLINGS(< 5 IN.)

TOTAL TREE(> 5 IN.)

STEM TO PULPWOOD TOP /l/

ALL SAWLOGS /2/

SMALL SAWLOGS /5/

PLYLOGS /6/

PULPWOOD (ALL)

PULPWOOD TREES

SAWTIMBER TOPS

TOTAL CROWN

CROWN FIREWOOD>= 41N

GREEN TONS OF WOOD AND BARK

65.4 19.5

3.5 3.5

61.9 16.0

49.9 11.5

28.3 5.0

19.8 .O

a.5 . O

21.6 6.5

15.0 4.5

6.6 2.0

12.1 4.5

. O .9

CORDS OF WOOD AND BARK /4/

23.4 6.9

1.2 1.2

22.1 5.6

17.8 4.1

10.1 1.8

7.1 .O

3.0 .O

7.7 2.3

5.4 1.6

2.3 .7

4.3 1.6

.O .3

VOLUME OF WOOD (CUNITS)

17.6 5.0

.9 .9

16.7 4.1

13.5 3.0

7.8 1.3

5.5 . O

2.3 .n

5.7 1.7

4.1 1.2

1.6 .5

3.2 1.1

.O .2

18.4

3.1

15.2

12.2

7.0

.O

.O

6.4

1.1

5.4

4.3

2.5

.O

.O

1.8

1.1

.7

1.1

.2

5.3

.9

4.3

3.5

2.1

. O

. O

1.5

1.0

.5

. a

.2

103.3

10.1

93.2

73.6

40.3

19.8

a.5

33.2

22.7

10.5

19.6

1.6

36.7

3.6

33.1

26.1

14.3

7.1

3.0

11.8

a.1

3.7

7.0

.6

27.8

2.7

25.1

20.0

11.2

5.5

2.3

a.8

6.2

2.6

5.1

.4

/I/

/2/

/3/

/4/

151

161

STEM PULPWOOD TOP:

PULPWOOD - 4-IN. FOR PINE: 4-IN. FOR HHWD: 4-IN. FOR SHWD.

SAWTIMBER - 4-IN. FOR PINE: 4-IN. FOR HHWD; 4-IN. FOR SHWD.

SAWLOG MERCHANTABILITY: 7-IN. FOR PINE W/MIN DBH g-IN., g-IN. FOR

HARDWOOD OR THRU LOG GRADE NO. 3 MERCHANTABILITY W.MIN DBH ll-MIN.

NUMBER MAY NOT ADD DUE TO ROUNDING ERROR.

POUNDS PER CORD: PINE=5600. HHWD=5700. SHWD=5700.

SMALL SAWLOGS - MIN a F. W/ MIN 7-IN. DOB SMALL END.

PLYLOGS - MIN 2 a.7 FT. BLOCK w/ MIN 10.0-1~. DOB SMALL END, MIN DBH - 14.0.

46
EXHIBIT 6 .--EXAMPLE OF TABLE 3B WHICH SUMMARIZES THE PREDICTED SAW-LOG BOARD-FOOT

VOLUMES AND BASAL AREA PER ACRE BY SPECIES.

TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CtiUISE PKOGRAM

LANDOWNER - JOHN DOE CASE NO. - 16A

ADDRESS - MAIN ST ATHENS GA 30602 DISTRICT NO. - 14

TRACT LOC. - GLYNN CO TOTAL TRACT(4C) - 40.0

AREA 1 - PINE-HARDWOOD AREA 1 ACKEAGE - 40.00

FORESTER - SMITH PHONE - 912-546-2441

ADDRESS - WAYCROSS GA DATE - 84/12/09

TABLE 3H--SUMMARY OF PKEDICTEU TOTAL TREE AND TREE COMPONENT WEIGHT AND VOLUME.

CURKENT ESTIMATE - YIELO PEY ACRE

------~

COMPONENT

-------.-------- --__ -_------- ---_ --- --__ -----_--_-- ---_ ----_ _--__--

PINE HARD-HWD SOFT-HWD ALL TREES

ALL SAWLOGS

DOYLE

SCKIBNER

SMALL SAWLOGS

DOYLE

SCRIHNER

PLYLOGS

DOYLE

SCKIHNER

SAPLING TREES

PULPWOOD TREES

SAWTIrYtBER TREES

ALL TREES

SAPLING TREES

PULPWOOD TREES

SAWTIMBEK TREES

ALL TREES

SAWLOG BOARD-FOOT VOLUME---(MBF)/l/

2.6 .4

4.1 .7

1.6 . .0

2.ii .O

1.1 .o

1.5

RASAL AREA PER ACDRE (SQ.FT.)

5 4

22 f i

43 6

70 16

OUADKATIC MEAN D.R.H. (IN.)

3.0 3.2

7.3 7.4

12.4 14.0

7.3 5.6

.6

1.0

5

5

a

18

.O

. O

.o

.o

2.6 2.9

7.1 7.3

13.6 12.7

4.6 6.2

3.7

5.8

1.6

2.fl

1.1

1.5

14

33

57

104

-----_-----_-------_-~---___----_-___-___--____---__

/~/F~KM CLASS: PINE= 78.; SOFT HWD= 78. HARD HWD= 78.

------____---_

47
EXHIBIT 7.-- EXAMPLE OF TABLE 4 WHICH SHOWS PROJECTED ANNUAL

5 YEARS BY STAND COMPONENT.

GROWTH OVER

TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM

LANDOWNER - JOHN DOE CASE NO. - 16A

ADDRESS - MAIN ST ATHENS GA 30602 DISTRICT NO. - 1 4

TRACT LOC .- GLUNN CO TOTAL TRACT(AC) - 40.0

AREA 1 - PINE-HARDWOOD AREA 1 ACREAGE - 40.00

FORESTER - SMITH PHONE - 912-546-2441

ADDRESS - WAYCROSS GA DATE - R4/12/09.

TABLE 4.--BASIC INVENTORY A;D PROJECTED ANNUAL GROWTH

STAND

COMPONENT

PRESENT TOTAL PERCENT

.PRESENT GROWTH ANNUAL ANNUAL

VOLUME PER ACRE GROWTH CHANGE

PER ACRE PER YEAR PER AREA PER ACRE

AREA l-- 40.00 ACRES-PINE-HARDWOOD

PINE

ALL SAWLOGS (MBF SCRIB)

SMALL SAWLOGS (MBF)/l/

PLYLOGS (MBF)/P/

STEM TO PULP TOP (CORDS)

PULPWOOD (CORDS)

TOTAL TREE CHIPS (TONS)

HARD-HWD

4.1 .233 9.34 5.67

2.6 .188 4.70 4.49

1.5 .116 4.64 7.73

17.8 .630 25.18 3.54

7.7 .124 4.95 1.61

65.4 2.074 82.98 3.17

ALL SAWLOGS (MBF DOYLE)

STEM TO PULP TOP (CORDS)

PULPWOOD (CORDS)

TOTAL TT?EE CHIPS (TONS)

SOFT-HWD

0.4

4.1

2.3

19.5

.018

.152

.lll

.545

..

0.71 3.98

6.07 3.75

4.42 4.83

21.81 2.79

ALL SAWLOGS (MBF DOYLE) 0.6 .019

STEM TO PULP TOP (CORDS) 4.3 .102

PULPWOOD (CORDS) 1.8 .D56

TOTAL TREE CHIPS (TONS) 18.4 .339

0.75

4.06

2.25

13.57

2.99

2.38

3.12

1.85

ALL SPECIES

ALL SAWLOGS (MBF)

SAWLOGS (DOYLE) 1.1

SAWLOGS (SCRIB) 4.1

STEM TO PULP TOP (CORDS) 26.1

PULPWOOD (CORDS) 11.8

TOTAL TREE CHIPS (TONS) 103.3

.036 1.46 3.40

.233 9.34 5.67

.883 35.32 3.38

.290 11.62 2.46

2.959 118.35 2.86

/l/SMALL SAWLOGS - MIN 8 FT. W/ MIN 7-IN. DOB SMALL END.

/Z/PLYLOGS - MIN 2 8.7 FT. BLOCK W/ MIN 10.0:IN. DOB SMALL END,

MIN DBH - 14.0.

NOTE: NEGATIVE REFLECTS MOVEMENT OF MATERIAL INTO LARGER SIZE COMPONENT

OR MORTALITY GREATER THAN GROWTH.

GROWTH ASSUMES APPROX. 1% ANNUAL MORTALITY.

48
The TTMP Cruise Program assumes that the cruise analyzed was a random

sample and will therefore lead to unbiased estimates. These biomass estimates,

however, contain errors due not only to harvesting differences but also to

biomass prediction equations and timber cruise procedures. When timber is 100

percent cruised, the error associated with the cruise is minimized since all

trees are tallied. Preliminary tests of the program that used this cruise

procedure indicate that predicted total tree, total stem to pulpwood top, and

saw-log weights and volumes will be within + 10 percent of the actual weights

and volumes if d.b.h. and some estimate of Eeight are tallied. Biomass of upper

stem pulpwood and crown firewood varies considerably more. Users should use

these component estimates carefully until they gain field experience as to their

reliability. Biomass estimates based on fixed-area plots, point sampling, or

strip cruising can contain more error than those based on a 100 percent cruise.

To minimize sampling error, plots and strips must be located without bias,

border trees must be measured carefully to determine if they are in or out of

the cruise, and a sufficient number of plots and strips must he taken.

The growth projections calculated by this program are designed to provide

growth information for short-term management planning and when stands are

cruised but not harvested for 1 to 5 years. When stand projections are made

with the radial growth values stored in the program and which are based on the

regional average for the species group, users should apply these values

carefully. The stand cruised could be growing at a rate different from the

average for their physiographic region. When accurate growth projections are

required, the user should enter increment-core growth values for the pulpwood

and sawtimber trees cruised. The trees to be bored must be selected randomly

to avoid bias in growth estimates.

An average mortality rate (page 10) is assumed in the program when projected

growth is calculated. These mortality rates, however, may not be applicable to

the stands cruised. Thus, the user should adjust the reported projected growth

to account for local mortality rates.

Literature Cited

Avery, T. Eugene. Forest measurements. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.; 1967. 290 p.

Bennett, Frank A.; Swindel, Benee F. Taper curves for planted slash pine. Res. Note SE-179.

Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest

Experiment Station; 1972. 4 p.

Clark, Alexander, III; Field, Richard C. TBCP--a computer program that estimates

total-tree chips, saw logs, pulpwood, and firewood from cruise sumnary data. Ga. For. Res.

Pap. 21. Macon, GA: Georgia Forestry Cornnission; 1981. 14 p.

Clark, Alexander, III; Thomas, Charles E. Weight equations for southern tree species--where we

are and what is needed. In: Oaniels, R. F.; Dunham, P. H., eds. Proceedings, 1983 Southern

forest biomass workshop: 1983 June 15-17; Charleston, SC. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station; 1984: 100-106.

Mesavage, Clement; Glrard, James W. Tables for estimating board-foot volumes of timber.

Unnumbered publ.

from: Supt.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 1956. 94 p. [Available

of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC]

Wiant. Harry V., Jr.; Castaneda, Froylan. 1977. Mesavage and Girards' volume tables formulated.

BL4 4. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management: 1977. 5 p.

49

APPENDIX

Appendix A--Computational Procedures

Regression equations are stored in the program for estimating the green

weight of wood and bark (excluding foliage) and volume of wood in the total-tree

above-stump and its components that use d.b.h. (D) or d.b.h. in combination with

total height (Th), height to a 4-inch d.o.h.

height (Mh).

top (H4), or saw-log merchantable

Shown below are the tree components estimated by using these

independent variables by tree size class.

Tree size class Independent variable Component estimated

Saplings D*, D*+Th Total-tree above-stump

Pulpwood and large

pulpwood D2, D2+Th, D2+H4

Total-tree above-stump, stem

from butt to tip

Large pulpwood All material in total tree

hardwoods only D2, D2+Th, D2+H4 -> 4-in. d.o.b.

Sawtimber D2, D2+Th, D2+H4, D2+Mh Total-tree above-stump, saw-log

stem,

All materials in total tree >

4-in. d.o.b. (Hardwoods onlyr

Component Weights and Volumes

The following allometric regression equations are used to estimate

component weights and volumes:

Y = a(X)b (I)

or

Y = a(XI)b (X2)c (2)

where:

Y = component weight or volume

X = D2 or D2 * Th or D2 * H4

X1 = D2

X2 = Th or H4 or Mh

When trees are tallied by d.b.h.,

to 4-in. d.o.b. top,

or by d.b.h. and total height or height

weight and volume of stem to sawtimber and pulpwood tops

are estimated by using the following ratio equation (Clark and Thomas 1984) to

estimate the proportion of the predicted total-stem weight or volume to the

specified top d.o.b.:

53
YR = ea(db Dc)

where :

(3)

YR = stem to top d.o.b./total-stem ratio

d = specified top diameter in inches

D = tree diameter at breast height in inches

a,b,c = regression coefficients

e = base of natural logs

Since equation (3) is used to estimate the proportion of the stem to any top

d.o.b., the user has the option of specifying the pulpwood d.o.h. top to be used

in analyzing the cruise data. A different top d.o.b. can be specified for

pine, hard hardwoods, and soft hardwoods.

When sawtimber trees are tallied by d.b.h., or by d.b.h. and total height

or height to a 4-inch top, a fixed sawtimber top d.o.b. of 7 inches is used for

pine and 9 inches for hardwoods. Tallying hardwoods by total height or height

to a 4-inch top can result in an overestimate of the saw-log portion of the stem.

This occurs because hardwoods generally do not have enough stem quality to

produce grade 3 logs to a g-inch top in large diameter trees.

When trees are tallied by d.b.h. and saw-log merchantable height, the

following ratio model (Clark and Thomas 1984) is used to expand estimated saw-log

weight or volume to pulpwood stem weight or volume to any d.o.b. top above the

sawilog top.

YR = ea C(MhJb ((1-f~P)2fl

.

where:

YR =

Mh =

d =

D =

a,b,c =

e =

stem to top d.o.b./saw-log stem ratio

saw-log merchantable height in feet

specified top diameter in inches

tree diameter at breast height in inches

regression coefficients

base of natural logs

54
Equation (4) allows the user to specify the pulpwood top diameter desired

for sawtimber trees tallied by d.b.h. and saw-log merchantable height in logs.

Stem pulpwood above the saw-log top in sawtimber-size trees is estimated by

subtracting estimated stem weight or volume to saw-log top from stem weight

or volume to the pulpwood top.

Crown (branches plus stem above pulp top) weights and volumes are estimated

by subtracting predicted stem weight or volume to the pulp d.o.b. top from

predicted total-tree weight or volume. Weight and volume of hardwood crown

firewood > 4 inches is predicted by subtracting stem weight or volume to the pulp

top from The predicted weight or volume of all material in the tree > 4 inches -

d.o.b.

The user has the option of separating the saw-log merchantable stem of pines

into plylogs and small saw logs. When sawtimber pines are tallied by d.b.h.

and saw-log merchantable heights, the heights to the minimum plylog d.o.b. top

are estimated by using the following equation based on those developed by

Bennett and Swindel (1972):

where:

Ph = [(tw)(.~)la + C((H-4.5@=+)*1b

Ph =

D =

Pd =

H =

height to plylog minimum d.o.b.

tree diameter at breast height in inches

minimum plylog d.o.b. in inches

saw-log stem merchantable height, total height or height to

4-inch top

a,b = regression coefficients (different coefficients are used for

each height)

(5)

The minimum plylog d.o.b. top (Pd) can be specified by the user or the default

value (10 inches) used. The user can also specify the minimum d.b.h. tree from

which plylogs can be harvested. The plylog height estimated with equation (5)

is rounded back to 8.7-foot segments plus .0.5 foot for stump height. A tree

must contain a minimum of two 8.7-foot peeler blocks to make a plylog tree.

55
The rounded plylog height (Ph) is then substituted for saw-log merchantable

heights in the D*+Mh equations and the weight and volume of the plylog stem

estimated. Weights and volumes of small saw logs are estimated by subtracting

the estimated weight or volume of plylog stem from the weight or volume of the

saw-log stem.

When pine trees are tallied by d.b.h. and total height (Th) or d.b.h. and

height to 4-inch top (H4), Th or H4 are substituted in equation (5) and

appropriate coefficients used to estimate the height to the specified plylog

d.o.b. The estimated plylog height is then rounded back to 8.7-foot intervals

plus 0.5 foot for a stump and the following taper curve equation used to estimate

the final plylog d.o.b. (Pd) at this point on the stem (Bennett and Swindel 1972).

Pd=armq + b[(H-Pht)(Pht-4.5)1 + c[H(H-Pht)(Pht-4.5)]

t d[(H-Pht)(Pht-4.5)(H+Pht =4.5)1

where:

(6)

Pd = d.o.b. at the rounded plylog height in inches

D = tree diameter at breast height in inches

H = tree total height or height to 4-inch d.o.h. top in feet

Pht = rounded plylog height from equation (5) in feet

a,b,c = regression coefficients

The proportion of total-stem weight or volume to the estimated plylog

d.o.b. (Pd) is estimated by substituting (Pd) for d in equation (3). The

weight or volume of small saw logs is estimated by subtraction. When sawtimber

trees are tallied by d.b.h. only, no plylog or small saw-log estimate is made.

When analyzing plantation pine cruise data, the user has the option of

separating the stem to the pulpwood top into chipping logs and upper stem

pulpwood. The user can specify a minimum d.o..b. top to which chipping logs

can be cut and the minimum d.b.h. tree from which chipping logs can be

processed. The proportion of total-stem weight or volume to a user-specified

minimum chipping-log top d.o.b. is estimated by using equation (3). The upper

stem pulpwood weight or volume is estimated by subtracting the weight or

volume of chipping-log stem from the weight or.volume of the stem to the

pulpwood d.o.b. top.

56
Board-Foot Volume Equations

Equations for estimating the Doyle, Scribner, and International l/4-inch

saw-log stem board-foot volumes were developed from Mesavage and Girard's volume

tables form class 78 (Mesavage and Girard 1956). These equations are listed

below:

Doyle Board Foot (trees 9 to 24 inches d.b.h.)

Y = 0~00~53(D2)1.60122(L3)0.21566 (7)

R2 = 0.99 Sy.xlog10 = 0.0315

Doyle Board Foot (trees greater than 24 inches d.b.h.)

y = o.oo244(D2)1.48489(L3)0.23~99 (8)

R2 = 0.99 sy_xlog10 = 0.0358

Scribner Board Foot

Y = -16.40224 t 0.06777(D2) + O.O2376(D2L) - 0.00265(DL2) •t 0.000097(L3) (9)

R2 = 0.99 Sy.x = 2.8 bd. ft.

International 5/4-inch

Y = -2.788196 + O.O4587(D2) t O.O2560(D2L) - O.O0291(DL2) + 0.00015(L3) (10)

where:

R2 = 0.99 Sy.x = 3.0 bd. ft.

Y = stem volume to saw-log merchantable top in board feet

D = tree d.b.h. in inches

L = tree saw-log merchantable height with 0.5-foot stump allowance in

feet (1 log = 16.3 feet)

57
The predicted volumes from equations (7), (8), (9), and (10) and predicted

volumes from board-foot equations by Wiant and Castaneda (1977) were compared

with the Mesavage and Girard tables. The sums of the residuals squared showed

that the Scribner and International l/4-inch equations listed above performed

better than Wiant and Castaneda's but that their Doyle equation listed below was

a better predictor than equations (7) and (8).

Wiant and Castaneda's Doyle Board-Foot Equation

Y = (0.55743 * (Log)2 + 41.51275 * (Log) - 29.37337) +

((2.78043 - 0.04516 * (Log)* - 8.77272 * (Log)) * (D)) t

((0.04177 - 0.01578 * (Log)* + 0.59042 * (Log)) * (D)*) (11)

R* = 0.99

where:

Log = number of 16-foot saw logs

D = tree d.b.h. in inches

Thus, equations (9), (lo), and (11) are used in the program to estimate saw-log

stem board-foot volume of sawtimber-size trees. The user can specify the log

rule and form class to be used for estimating pine, hard hardwood, and soft

hardwood board-foot volumes. For each unit change in form class, the predicted

board-foot volumes are adjusted up or down by 3 percent (Mesavage and Girard

1956).

58
When sawtimber-size trees are tallied by total height or height to 4-inch

d.o.h. top, the height to a saw-log top (7 inches d.o.b. for pine, 9 inches d.o.b.

for hardwoods) is estimated with the following eq\lations:

Coefficient

Independent of Standard

variable determination error

(Emh) Regression equation --- (R2) (SY.X)

(Feet)

PINE

Height to 7-in.

d.o.b. top Y = -346.429 + 104.919 vs + 127.315(loglOTh) 0.87 4.2

Y = -280.191 t 83.871 \JloS1OD2 + ll4.167ll(loglOH4) 0.91 3.5

HARD HARDWOODS

Height to g-in.

d.o.b. top y = -346.975 t 122.4777 v

logl$ + 106.170(loglOTh) 0.81 5.3

Y = -282.233 + 109.559 \jloglD02 + 88*303(log10H4) 0.82 5.2

SOFT HARDWOODS

Height to g-in.

d.o.b. top Y = -410.120 + 170.044 72’ 1oglOD

Y = -366.421 + 148.392 \i2+ 1oglOD

where:

Emh = estimated saw-log stem height

d.o.b. for hardwoods in feet

101.663(logIOTh) 0.81 6.4

101.792(loglOH4) 0.84 5.9

to 7-inch d.o.b. for pine, g-inch

D = tree diameter at breast 'height in inches

Th = tree total height

H4 = height to 4-inch d.o.b. top in feet

a,h,c = regression coefficients

The estimated saw-log heights (Emh) and recorded d.b.h. are then used to estimate

saw-log board-foot volume by using the appropriate log rule equations (9), (lo),

or (11).

59
Appendix B--Preselected Program Options

Preselected options are stored in the mainframe program for the commonly

used tree dimensions, d.h.h. and height intervals, pulpwood top diameters, output tables by stand type, and cruise objective. The user can select to use the

stored options (question 4, page 32) or answer option questions 6 to 14 as

desired.

The type of stand--nat;Jral pine, plantation pine, hardwood or

pine-hardwood --determines the tree dimensions used for measuring the trees in a

cruise. The table below summarizes the tree dimensions measured and stem

pulpwood d.o.h. top stored by stand type and tree size class. The stored

dimensions meas:Jred are the same for natural pine, and hardwood or pine-hardwood

stands.

Stem pulpwood

Tree size class Dimensions measured top d.o.h. _-------------- _---------____ -----------

(Inches)

NAT'JRAL PINE AND HARDWOOD OR PINE-HARDWOOD

Sapling

Pulpwood and ldrge

pulpwood

Sawtimber

Sapling

Pulpwood and large

pulpwood

Sawtimber

d.h.h.

d.h.h. and height to 4-in d.o.h. top

d.h.h. and saw-log height in logs

PLANTATION PINE

d.h.h.

d.h.h. and total height

d.h.h. and total height

The preselected d.h.h. and height-class intervals used to record tally

11

4

trees are determined by the cruise objective --timber sale, management plan,

detailed cruise. Shown below are the d.h.h. and height-class intervals stored

by cruise objective, stand type, and tree size class.

60
Stand D.h.h. interval Height interval

type (All tree classes) (Saplings) (Pulpwood) (Sawtimber) ________ _--------------- _ -___-

(Inches) -----(Feet)----- (Feet or logs)

TIMBER SALE OR MANAGEMENT PLAN

Natural pine 2 None 10 l/2

Planted pine 1 None 5 5

Pine-hardwoods 2 None 10 l/2

DETAILED CRUISE

Natural pine 1 None 5 I/2

Planted pine 1 None 5 5

Pine-hardwoods 1 None 5 l/2

The purpose of the cruise determines the output tables printed. All

preselected tables are area tables except Tables 1 and 2 under the management

plan objective, which are per acre tables. Shown below are the output tables

printed and their units of measure by cruise objective and stand type.

Output tables Output tables printed (Y=yes,blank=no)

and units of Timber sale Management plan Detailed cruise

measure Natural Planted Pine Natural Planted Pine mural Planted Pine

pine pine hwd pine pine hwd pine pine hwdTABLE 1

A. Doyle

B. Scribner Y

C. International

TABLE 2

A. Tons

B. Cords

C. Cunits

TABLES 3A 8 38

Current Y

Projected

TABLE 4

Y Y Y

Y Y Y Y Y

Y Y Y

Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Y Y Y

Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Y Y Y

Y Y Y

61
TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM--Summary Form for Recording Cruise Counts

District No. Case No. Landowner Address

Geographic Region Acreage in Tract 70. Areas in Tract Tract Location -k

Forester Address Phone *

Area No. Area Acreage Type Cruise No. Plots Planted or Natural z

Area Identification Species Date

I I I I I I I

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 1

12

13

14

15

16

11

18

19

20

PLOT DBH COUNT DBH COUNT DBH COUNT DBH COUNT

NO. 2 4 2 4

PULPWOOD--HEIGHT T 4-INCH TOP (FEET)

SAUTIHBER--SAW-LOG MERCHANTABLE HEIGUT (LOGS)

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

I
TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROGRAM--Summary Form for Recording Cruise Counts

District No. Case No. Landowner Address

Geographic Region Acreage in Tract No. Areas in Tract Tract Location

Forester Address Phone

Area No. Area Acreage Type Cruise No. Plots

Area Identification

Planted or Natural

Swww.ina n=,tPLOT DBH SAPLING COUNT DBH

NO.

SAPLING COUNT

1

2 4 ,

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

PULPWOOD--HEIGHT TO ~-INCH TOP (FEET)

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

6

8

SAWTIMBER--SAW-LOG MERCHANTABLE HEIGHT (LOGS)

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

10

12

14

. 16

18

20
TOTAL TREE HULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROCRAW-Summary Form for Recording Cruise Counte

District No. - - Case No. Landowner Address

Geographic Region Acreage in Tract No. Areas In Tract Tract Location

Forester Address Phone

Area No. Area Acreage Type Cruise No. Plots Planted or Natural

Area Identification Snecles 11nt.x

1’ 1 0 t

NO.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

IO

11

12

13

14

15

16

1 7

18

19

20

--

--I--
TOTAL TREE MULTI-PRODUCT CRUISE PROCRAW-Summary Form for Recording Cruise Counts

District No. Case No. Landowner Address

Ceographlc Region Acreage in tract No. Areae ia Tract Tract Location

Forester Address Phone

Area No. Area Acreage Type Cruiee No. PlOtB Planted or Natural

Area Identification Species Date

1’101

No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

1 7

18

19

20



Clark, Alexander, III; Burgan, Thomas M.; Field, Richard C.; Dress,

Peter E.

User's manual for Total-Tree Multiproduct Cruise Program. Gen.

Tech. Rep. SE-31. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment

Station; 1985. 65 pp.

This interactive computer program uses standard tree-cruise data to

estimate the weight and volume of the total tree, saw logs,

plylogs, chipping logs, pulpwood, crown firewood, and logging

residue in timber stands. Input is cumulative cruise data for tree

counts by d.b.h. and height. Output is in tables: board-foot

volume by d.b.h.; total-tree and tree-component biomass by tons,

cords, and cunits; a summary table; and projected annual growth by

stand component and species. This manual describes the FORTRAN V

mainframe and the PASCAL microcomputer programs and how to enter

data to obtain the desired output.

KEYWORDS: Computer program, inventory, biomass, tree weight, tree

volume.

Clark, Alexander, III; Burgan, Thomas M.; Field, Richard C.; Dress.

Peter E.

User's manual for Total-Tree Multiproduct Cruise Program. Gen.

Tech. Rep. SE-31. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment

Station; 1985. 65 pp.

This interactive computer program uses standard tree-cruise data to

estimate the weight and volume of the total tree, saw logs,

plylogs, chipping logs, pulpwood, crown firewood, and logging

residue in timber stands. Input is cumulative cruise data for tree

counts bv d.b.h. and heiaht. Outout is in tables: board-foot

volume by d.b.h.; total-tree and tree-component biomass

cords, and cunits; a sumnary table; and projected annual

stand component and species. This manual describes the

mainframe and the PASCAL microcomputer programs and how

data to obtain the desired output.

by tons,

growth by

FORTRAN V

to enter

KEYWORDS: Computer program, inventory, biomass, tree weight, tree

volume.
The Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, is

dedicated to the principle of

multiple use management of

the Nation’s forest resources

for sustained yields of wood,

water, forage, wildlife, and

recreation. Through forestry

research, cooperation with the

States and private forest

owners, and management of

the National Forests and

National Grasslands, it strives

-as directed by Congress-to

provide increasingly greater

service to a growing Nation.

USDA policy does not permit discrimination because

of race, color, national origin, sex or religion. Any

person who believes he or’she has been discriminated against in any USDA-related activity should

write immediately to the Secretary of Agriculture,

Washington, D.C. 20250.