§ 360.200 Designation of noxious weeds. The Administrator has determined that it is necessary to designate the following plants[1] as noxious weeds to prevent their introduction into the United States or their dissemination within the United States: ( a ) *Aquatic and wetland weeds:* *Azolla pinnata* R. Brown (mosquito fern, water velvet) *Caulerpa taxifolia* (Vahl) C. Agardh, Mediterranean strain (killer algae) *Eichhornia azurea* (Swartz) Kunth *Hydrilla verticillata* (Linnaeus f.) Royle (hydrilla) *Hygrophila polysperma* T. Anderson (Miramar weed) *Ipomoea aquatica* Forsskal (water-spinach, swamp morning-glory) *Lagarosiphon major* (Ridley) Moss *Limnophila sessiliflora* (Vahl) Blume (ambulia) *Melaleuca quinquenervia* (Cavanilles) S.T. Blake *Monochoria hastata* (Linnaeus) Solms-Laubach *Monochoria vaginalis* (Burman f.) C. Presl *Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers.* *Sagittaria sagittifolia* Linnaeus (arrowhead) *Salvinia auriculata* Aublet (giant salvinia) *Salvinia biloba* Raddi (giant salvinia) *Salvinia herzogii* de la Sota (giant salvinia) *Salvinia molesta* D.S. Mitchell (giant salvinia) *Solanum tampicense* Dunal (wetland nightshade) *Sparganium erectum* Linnaeus (exotic bur-reed)
( b ) *Parasitic weeds:* *Aeginetia* spp. *Alectra* spp. *Cuscuta* spp. (dodders), other than following species: *Cuscuta americana* Linnaeus *Cuscuta applanata* Engelmann *Cuscuta approximata* Babington *Cuscuta attenuata* Waterfall *Cuscuta boldinghii* Urban *Cuscuta brachycalyx* (Yuncker) Yuncker *Cuscuta californica* Hooker & Arnott *Cuscuta campestris* Yuncker *Cuscuta cassytoides* Nees ex Engelmann *Cuscuta ceanothi* Behr *Cuscuta cephalanthi* Engelmann *Cuscuta compacta* Jussieu *Cuscuta coryli* Engelmann *Cuscuta cuspidata* Engelmann *Cuscuta decipiens* Yuncker *Cuscuta dentatasquamata* Yuncker *Cuscuta denticulata* Engelmann *Cuscuta epilinum* Weihe *Cuscuta epithymum* (Linnaeus) Linnaeus *Cuscuta erosa* Yuncker *Cuscuta europaea* Linnaeus *Cuscuta exaltata* Engelmann *Cuscuta fasciculata* Yuncker *Cuscuta glabrior* (Engelmann) Yuncker *Cuscuta globulosa* Bentham *Cuscuta glomerata* Choisy *Cuscuta gronovii* Willdenow *Cuscuta harperi* Small *Cuscuta howelliana* Rubtzoff *Cuscuta indecora* Choisy *Cuscuta leptantha* Engelmann *Cuscuta mitriformis* Engelmann *Cuscuta obtusiflora* Kunth *Cuscuta odontolepis* Engelmann *Cuscuta pentagona* Engelmann *Cuscuta planiflora* Tenore *Cuscuta plattensis* A. Nelson *Cuscuta polygonorum* Engelmann *Cuscuta rostrata* Shuttleworth ex Engelmann & Gray *Cuscuta runyonii* Yuncker *Cuscuta salina* Engelmann *Cuscuta sandwichiana* Choisy *Cuscuta squamata* Engelmann *Cuscuta suaveolens* Seringe *Cuscuta suksdorfii* Yuncker *Cuscuta tuberculata* Brandegee *Cuscuta umbellata* Kunth *Cuscuta umbrosa* Beyrich ex Hooker *Cuscuta veatchii* Brandegee *Cuscuta warneri* Yuncker *Orobanche* spp. (broomrapes), other than the following species: *Orobanche bulbosa* (Gray) G. Beck *Orobanche californica* Schlechtendal & Chamisso *Orobanche cooperi* (Gray) Heller *Orobanche corymbosa* (Rydberg) Ferris *Orobanche dugesii* (S. Watson) Munz *Orobanche fasciculata* Nuttall *Orobanche ludoviciana* Nuttall *Orobanche multicaulis* Brandegee *Orobanche parishii* (Jepson) Heckard *Orobanche pinorum* Geyer ex Hooker *Orobanche uniflora* Linnaeus *Orobanche valida* Jepson *Orobanche vallicola* (Jepson) Heckard *Striga* spp. (witchweeds)
( c ) *Terrestrial weeds:*
*Acacia nilotica* (Linnaeus) Wildenow ex Delile (gum arabic tree, thorny acacia *Ageratina adenophora* (Sprengel) King & Robinson (crofton weed) *Ageratina riparia* (Regel) R.M. King and H. Robinson (creeping croftonweed, mistflower) *Alternanthera sessilis* (Linnaeus) R. Brown ex de Candolle (sessile joyweed) *Arctotheca calendula* (Linnaeus) Levyns (capeweed) *Asphodelus fistulosus* Linnaeus (onionweed) *Avena sterilis* Linnaeus (including *Avena ludoviciana* Durieu) (animated oat, wild oat) *Carthamus oxyacantha* M. Bieberstein (wild safflower) *Chrysopogon aciculatus* (Retzius) Trinius (pilipiliula) *Commelina benghalensis* Linnaeus (Benghal dayflower) *Crupina vulgaris* Cassini (common crupina) *Digitaria abyssinica* (Hochstetter ex A. Richard) Stapf (African couchgrass, fingergrass) *Digitaria velutina* (Forsskal) Palisot de Beauvois (velvet fingergrass, annual couchgrass) *Drymaria arenariodes* Humboldt & Bonpland ex J.A. Schultes (lightning weed) *Emex australis* Steinheil (three-cornered jack) *Emex spinosa* (Linnaeus) Campdera (devil's thorn) *Euphorbia terracina* Linnaeus (false caper, Geraldton carnation weed) *Galega officinalis* Linnaeus (goatsrue) *Heracleum mantegazzianum* Sommier & Levier (giant hogweed) *Imperata brasiliensis* Trinius (Brazilian satintail) *Imperata cylindrica* (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois (cogongrass) *Inula britannica* Linnaeus (British elecampane, British yellowhead) *Ischaemum rugosum* Salisbury (murainograss) *Leptochloa chinensis* (Linnaeus) Nees (Asian sprangletop) *Lycium ferocissimum* Miers (African boxthorn) *Lygodium flexuosum* (Linnaeus) Swartz (maidenhair creeper) *Lygodium microphyllum* (Cavanilles) R. Brown (Old World climbing fern) *Melastoma malabathricum* Linnaeus *Mikania cordata* (Burman f.) B. L. Robinson (mile-a-minute) *Mikania micrantha* Kunth *Mimosa diplotricha* C. Wright (giant sensitive-plant) *Mimosa pigra* Linneaus var. *pigra* (catclaw mimosa) *Moraea collina* Thunberg (apricot Cape-tulip) *Moraea flaccida* (Sweet) Steudel (one-leaf Cape-tulip) *Moraea miniata* Andrews (two-leaf Cape-tulip) *Moraea ochroleuca* (Salisbury) Drapiez (red Cape-tulip) *Moraea pallida* (Baker) Goldblatt (yellow Cape-tulip) *Nassella trichotoma* (Nees) Hackel ex Arechavaleta (serrated tussock) *Onopordum acaulon* Linnaeus (stemless thistle) *Onopordum illyricum* Linnaeus (Illyrian thistle) *Opuntia aurantiaca* Lindley (jointed prickly pear) *Oryza longistaminata* A. Chevalier & Roehrich (red rice) *Oryza punctata* Kotschy ex Steudel (red rice) *Oryza rufipogon* Griffith (red rice) *Paspalum scrobiculatum* Linnaeus (Kodo-millet) *Pennisetum clandestinum* Hochstetter ex Chiovenda (kikuyugrass) *Pennisetum macrourum* Trinius (African feathergrass) *Pennisetum pedicellatum* Trinius (kyasumagrass) *Pennisetum polystachion* (Linnaeus) Schultes (missiongrass, thin napiergrass) *Prosopis alpataco* R. A. Philippi *Prosopis argentina* Burkart *Prosopis articulata* S. Watson *Prosopis burkartii* Munoz *Prosopis caldenia* Burkart *Prosopis calingastana* Burkart *Prosopis campestris* Griseback *Prosopis castellanosii* Burkart *Prosopis denudans* Bentham *Prosopis elata* (Burkart) Burkart *Prosopis farcta* (Banks & Solander) J.F. Macbride *Prosopis ferox* Grisebach *Prosopis fiebrigii* Harms *Prosopis hassleri* Harms *Prosopis humilis* Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott *Prosopis kuntzei* Harms *Prosopis pallida* (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth *Prosopis palmeri* S. Watson *Prosopis reptans* Bentham var. *reptans* *Prosopis rojasiana* Burkart *Prosopis ruizlealii* Burkart *Prosopis ruscifolia* Grisebach *Prosopis sericantha* Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott *Prosopis strombulifera* (Lamarck) Bentham *Prosopis torquata* (Cavanilles ex Lagasca y Segura) de Candolle *Rottboellia cochinchinensis* (Lour.) W. Clayton *Rubus fruticosus* Linnaeus (complex) (wild blackberry) *Rubus moluccanus* Linnaeus (wild raspberry) *Saccharum spontaneum* Linnaeus (wild sugarcane) *Salsola vermiculata* Linnaeus (wormleaf salsola) *Senecio inaequidens* DC. (South African ragwort) *Senecio madagascariensis* Poir. (Madagascar ragwort) *Setaria pumila* (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. *pallidefusca* (Schumach.) B.K. Simon (cattail grass) *Solanum torvum* Swartz (turkeyberry) *Solanum viarum* Dunal (tropical soda apple) *Spermacoce alata* Aublet *Tridax procumbens* Linnaeus (coat buttons) *Urochloa panicoides* Beauvois (liverseed grass)
[48 FR 20039, May 4, 1983, as amended at 49 FR 25223, June 20, 1984; 57 FR 8838, Mar. 13, 1992; 60 FR 35832, July 12, 1995; 64 FR 12883, Mar. 16, 1999; 65 FR 33743, May 25, 2000; 66 FR 21060, Apr. 27, 2001; 71 FR 35381, June 20, 2006; 74 FR 53400, Oct. 19, 2009; 75 FR 68953, Nov. 10, 2010] Footnotes -
360.200
[1] One or more of the common names of weeds are given in parentheses after most scientific names to help identify the weeds represented by such scientific names; however, a scientific name is intended to include all subordinate taxa within the taxon. For example, taxa listed at the genus level include all species, subspecies, varieties, and forms within the genus; taxa listed at the species level include all subspecies, varieties, and forms within the species.