UNITEDSTATESENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONAGENCYREGION7MEMORANDUM11201RennerBoulevardLenexa,Kansas66219SUBJECT:TechnicalSupportDocumentforCleanAirAct110(a)(l)and(2)InfrastructureStateImplementationPlan(SIP)submission,StateofIowa,for2008LeadNationalAmbientAirQualityStandards(NAAQS),andaIowaLawsandRegulationsFROM:HeatherAWMD/APDB/CPPSTO:THRU:SUMMARYIA-150JoshuaTapp,ChiefAWMD/APDBMichaelJay,ChiefAWMD/APDB/AtPSThisactionaddressestwoseparateSIPrevisionsubmissionsfromtheIowaDepartmentofNaturalResources(IDNR).1.OnNovember4,2011,EPAreceivedIDNR'sCleanAirAct(CAA)110(a)(1)and(2)InfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008Lead(Pb)NAAQS.2.OnMay11,2015,EPAreceivedIDNR'sSIPsubmissionthataddressesrelevantlawsandregulationsasappliedtoconflictofinteresttomeetthe requirementsofsection128andsection110(a)(2)(E)(ii).Section110(a)(1)oftheCAArequires,inpart,thatstatesmakeaSIPsubmissiontoEPAtoimplement,maintainandenforceeachoftheNAAQSpromulgatedbyEPAafterreasonablenoticeandpublichearings.WhenEPApromulgatesaneworrevisedNAAQS,statesarerequiredtomakeaSIPsubmission,commonlyreferredtoasan"infrastructure"SIPsubmissiontoassurethatthestates'SIPsmeetbasicstructuralrequirements.Section11O(a)(2)includesalistofspecificelementsthatsuchinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsmustaddress.StatesarerequiredtomakeinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsmeetingtherequirementsofsections11O(a)(l)and(2)withinthreeyearsafterpromulgationofaneworrevisedNAAQS.PrintedonRecycledPaperApplicableelementsundersectionsllO(a)(l)and(2):Forthe2008PbNAAQS,statestypicallyhavemetmanyofthebasicprogramelementsrequiredinsection110(a)(2)throughearlierSIPsubmissionsinconnectionwithpreviousNAAQS.Nevertheless,pursuanttosection110(a)(1),stateshavetoreviewandrevise,asappropriate,theirexistingSIPstoensurethattheyareadequatetoaddressthe2008PbNAAQS.Toassiststatesinmeetingthisstatutoryrequirement,EPAissuedguidanceonOctober14,2011,addressingtheSIPelementsrequiredundersectionsllO(a)(l)and(2)forthe2008PbNAAQS.1EPAwilladdresstheseelementsbelowunderthefollowingheadings:(A)Emissionlimitsandothercontrolmeasures;(B)Ambientairqualitymonitoring/datasystem;(C)Programforenforcementofcontrolmeasures(preventionofsignificantdeterioration(PSD),NewSourceReview(NSR)fornonattainmentareas,andconstructionandmodificationofallstationarysources);(D)Interstateandinternationaltransport;(E)Adequateauthority,resources,implementation,andoversight;(F)Stationarysourcemonitoringsystem;(G)Emergencyauthority;(H)FutureSIPrevisions;(I)Nonattainmentareas;(J)Consultationwithgovernmentofficials,publicnotification,PSD,andvisibilityprotection;(K)Airqualityandmodeling/data;(L)Permittingfees;and(M)Consultation/participationbyaffectedlocalentities.EPA'sapproachtothereviewofinfrastructureSIPsubmissions:EPAisactingupontheOctober31,2011(receivedbyEPANovember4,2011},infrastructureSIPsubmissionfromIowathataddressestherequirementsofCAAsections110(a)(1)and110(a)(2)forthe2008PbNAAQS.TherequirementforstatestomakeaSIPsubmissionofthistypearisesoutofCAAsection110(a)(1).Pursuanttosection110(a)(1),statesmustmakeSIPsubmissions"within3years(orsuchshorterperiodastheAdministratormayprescribe)afterthepromulgationofanationalprimaryambientairqualitystandard(oranyrevisionthereof),"andtheseSIPsubmissionsaretoprovideforthe"implementation,maintenance,andenforcement"ofsuchNAAQS.ThestatutedirectlyimposesonstatesthedutytomaketheseSIPsubmissions,andtherequirementtomakethesubmissionsisnotconditioneduponEPAtakinganyactionotherthan promulgatinganeworrevisedNAAQS.Section110(a)(2)includesalistofspecificelementsthat[e]achsuchplan"submissionmustaddress.EPAhashistoricallyreferredtotheseSIPsubmissionsmadeforthepurposeofsatisfyingtherequirementsofCAAsections110(a)(l)and110(a)(2)as"infrastructureSIP"submissions.Althoughtheterm"infrastructureSIP"doesnotappearintheCAA,EPAusesthetermtodistinguishthisparticulartypeofSIPsubmissionfromsubmissionsthatareintendedtosatisfyotherSIPrequirementsundertheCAA,suchas"nonattainmentSIP"or"attainmentplanSIP"submissionstoaddressthenonattainmentplanningrequirementsofpartDoftitleIoftheCAA,"regionalhazeSIP"submissionsrequiredbyEPAruletoaddressthevisibilityprotectionrequirementsofCAAsection169A,andnonattainmentnewsourcereviewpermitprogramsubmissionstoaddressthepermitrequirementsofCAA,titleI,partD.1StephenD.Page,Director,AirQualityPolicyDivision,OfficeofAirQualityPlanningandStandards,"GuidanceonInfrastructureStateImplementationPlan(SIP)ElementsRequiredUnderSections110(a)(l)and110(a)(2)forthe2008Lead(Ph)NationalAmbientAirQualityStandards(NAAQS),"MemorandumtoEPARegionalAirDivisionDirectors,RegionsIX,October14,2011(2011LeadInfrastructureSIPGuidance).2Section110(a)(1)addressesthetimingandgeneralrequirementsforinfrastructureSIPsubmissions,andsection110(a)(2)providesmoredetailsconcerningtherequiredcontentsofthesesubmissions.Thelistofrequiredelementsprovidedinsection11O(a)(2)containsawidevarietyofdisparateprovisions,someofwhichpertaintorequiredlegalauthority,someofwhichpertaintorequiredsubstantiveprogramprovisions,andsomeofwhichpertaintorequirementsforbothauthorityandsubstantiveprogramprovisions.2EPAthereforebelievesthatwhilethetimingrequirementinsection11O(a)(l)isunambiguous,someoftheotherstatutoryprovisionsareambiguous.Inparticular,EPAbelievesthatthelistofrequiredelementsforinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsprovidedinsection110(a)(2)containsambiguitiesconcerningwhatisrequiredforinclusioninaninfrastructureSIPsubmission.ThefollowingexamplesofambiguitiesillustratetheneedforEPAtointerpretsomesection110(a)(1)andsection110(a)(2)requirementswithrespecttoinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsforagivenneworrevisedNAAQS.Oneexampleofambiguityisthatsection110(a)(2)requiresthat"each"SIPsubmissionmustmeetthelistofrequirementstherein,whileEPAhaslongnotedthatthisliteralreadingofthestatuteisinternallyinconsistentandwouldcreateaconflictwiththenonattainmentprovisionsinpartDoftitleIoftheAct,whichspecificallyaddressnonattainmentSIPrequirements.3Section110(a)(2)(1)pertainstononattainmentSIPrequirementsandpartDaddresseswhenattainmentplanSIPsubmissionstoaddressnonattainmentarearequirementsaredue.Forexample,section172(b)requiresEPAtoestablishascheduleforsubmissionofsuchplansforcertainpollutantswhentheAdministratorpromulgates thedesignationofanareaasnonattainment,andsection107(d)(1)(B)allowsuptotwoyearsorinsomecasesthreeyears,forsuchdesignationstobepromulgated.4Thisambiguityillustratesthatratherthanapplyallthestatedrequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)inastrictliteralsense,EPAmustdeterminewhichprovisionsofsection11O(a)(2)areapplicableforaparticularinfrastructureSIPsubmission.Anotherexampleofambiguitywithinsections110(a)(1)and110(a)(2)withrespecttoinfrastructureSIPspertainstowhetherstatesmustmeetalloftheinfrastructureSIPrequirementsinasingleSIPsubmission,andwhetherEPAmustactuponsuchSIPsubmissioninasingleaction.Althoughsection110(a)(1)directsstatestosubmit"aplan"tomeettheserequirements,EPAinterpretstheCAAtoallowstatestomakemultipleSIPsubmissionsseparatelyaddressinginfrastructureSIPelementsforthesameNAAQS.IfstateselecttomakesuchmultipleSIPsubmissionstomeettheinfrastructureSIP2Forexample:section11O(a)(2)(E)(i)providesthatstatesmustprovideassurancesthattheyhaveadequatelegalauthorityunderstateandlocallawtocarryoutthe SIP;section110(a)(2)(C)providesthatstatesmusthaveaSIP-approvedprogramtoaddresscertainsourcesasrequiredbypartCoftitleIoftheCAA;andsection11O(a)(2)(G)providesthatstatesmusthavelegalauthoritytoaddressemergenciesaswellascontingencyplansthataretriggeredintheeventofsuchemergencies.3See,e.g.,"RuleToReduceInterstateTransportofFineParticulateMatterandOzone(CleanAirInterstateRule);RevisionstoAcidRainProgram;RevisionstotheNOxSIPCall;FinalRule,"70FR25162,at25163-65(May12,2005)(explainingrelationshipbetweentimingrequirementofsection110(a)(2)(D)versussection110(a)(2)(I)).4EPAnotesthatthisambiguitywithinsection11O(a)(2)isheightenedbythefactthatvarioussubpartsofpartDsetspecificdatesforsubmissionofcertaintypesofSIPsubmissionsindesignatednonattainmentareasforvariouspollutants.Note,e.g.,thatsection182(a)(1)providesspecificdatesforsubmissionofemissionsinventoriesfortheozoneNAAQS.SomeofthesespecificdatesarenecessarilylaterthanthreeyearsafterpromulgationoftheneworrevisedNAAQS.3requirements,EPAcanelecttoactonsuchsubmissions eitherindividuallyorinalargercombinedaction.5Similarly,EPAinterpretstheCAAtoallowittotakeactionontheindividualpartsofonelarger,comprehensiveinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforagivenNAAQSwithoutconcurrentactionontheentiresubmission.Forexample,EPAhassometimeselectedtoactatdifferenttimesonvariouselementsandsub-elementsofthesameinfrastructureSIPsubmission.6Ambiguitieswithinsections110(a)(1)and110(a)(2)mayalsoarisewithrespecttoinfrastructureSIPsubmissionrequirementsfordifferentNAAQS.Thus,EPAnotesthatnoteveryelementofsection110(a)(2)wouldberelevant,orasrelevant,orrelevantinthesameway,foreachneworrevisedNAAQS.Thestate'sattendantinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsforeachNAAQSthereforecouldbedifferent.Forexample,themonitoringrequirementsthatastatemightneedtomeetinitsinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforpurposesofsection110(a)(2)(B)couldbeverydifferentfordifferentpollutants,thereforethecontentandscopeofastate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissiontomeetthiselementmightbeverydifferentforanentirelynewNAAQSthanforaminorrevisiontoanexistingNAAQS.7EPAnotesthatinterpretationofsection11O(a)(2)isalsonecessarywhenEPAreviewsothertypesofSIPsubmissionsrequiredundertheCAA.Therefore,aswithinfrastructureSIPsubmissions,EPAalsohastoidentifyandinterprettherelevantelementsofsection11O(a)(2)thatlogicallyapplytotheseothertypesofSIPsubmissions.Forexample,section172(c)(7)requiresthatattainmentplanSIPsubmissionsrequiredbypartDhavetomeetthe"applicablerequirements"ofsection110(a)(2).Thus,forexample,attainmentplanSIPsubmissionsmustmeettherequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(A)regardingenforceableemissionlimitsandcontrolmeasuresandsection110(a)(2)(E)(i)regardingairagencyresourcesandauthority.Bycontrast,itisclearthatattainmentplanSIPsubmissionsrequiredbypartDwouldnotneedtomeettheportionofsection11O(a)(2)(C)thatpertainstothePSDprogramrequiredinpartCoftitleIoftheCAA,becausePSDdoesnotapplytoapollutantforwhichanareaisdesignatednonattainmentandthussubjecttopartDplanningrequirements.Asthisexampleillustrates,eachtypeofSIPsubmissionmayimplicatesomeelementsofsection11O(a)(2)butnotothers.Giventhepotentialforambiguityinsomeofthestatutorylanguageofsection110(a)(1)andsection110(a)(2),EPAbelievesthatitisappropriatetointerprettheambiguousportionsofsection110(a)(1)andsection110(a)(2)inthecontextofactingonaparticularSIPsubmission.Inotherwords,EPAassumesthatCongresscouldnothaveintendedthateachandeverySIPsubmission,regardlessoftheNAAQSinquestionorthehistoryofSIPdevelopmentfortherelevantpollutant,wouldmeeteachoftherequirements,ormeeteachoftheminthesameway.Therefore,EPAhasadoptedanapproachunderwhichitreviewsinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsagainstthelistofelementsinsection11O(a)(2),butonlytotheextenteachelementappliesforthatparticularNAAQS.5See,e.g.,"ApprovalandPromulgationofImplementationPlans;NewMexico;RevisionstotheNewSourceReview(NSR)StateImplementationPlan(SIP);PreventionofSignificantDeterioration(PSD)andNonattainmentNewSourceReview(NNSR)Permitting,"78FR4339(January22,2013)(EPA'sfinalactionapprovingthestructuralPSDelementsoftheNewMexicoSIPsubmittedbytheStateseparatelytomeettherequirementsofEPA's2008PMz.sNSRrule),and"ApprovalandPromulgationofAirQualityImplementationPlans;NewMexico;InfrastructureandInterstateTransportRequirementsforthe2006PMz.sNAAQS,"(78FR4337)(January22,2013)(EPA'sfinalactionontheinfrastructureSIPforthe2006PMz.sNAAQS).6OnDecember14,2007,theStateofTennessee,throughtheTennesseeDepartmentofEnvironmentandConservation,madeaSIPrevisiontoEPAdemonstratingthattheStatemeetstherequirementsofsectionsllO(a){l)and(2).EPAproposedactionforinfrastructureSIPelements(C)and(J)onJanuary23,2012(77FR3213)andtookfinalactiononMarch14,2012(77FR14976).OnAprill6,2012(77FR22533)andJuly23,2012(77FR42997),EPAtookseparateproposedandfmalactionsonallothersection11O(a)(2)infrastructureSIPelementsofTennessee'sDecember14,2007submittal.7Forexample,implementationofthe1997PMz.sNAAQSrequiredthedeploymentofasystemofnewmonitorstomeasureambientlevelsofthatnewindicatorspeciesforthenewNAAQS.4Historically,EPAhaselectedtouseguidancedocumentstomakerecommendationstostatesforinfrastructureSIPs,insomecasesconveyingneededinterpretationsonnewlyarisingissuesandinsomecasesconveyinginterpretationsthathavealreadybeendevelopedandappliedtoindividualSIPsubmissionsforparticularelements.8EPAmostrecentlyissuedguidanceforinfrastructureSIPsonSeptember13,2013(2013Guidance).9EPAdevelopedthisdocumenttoprovidestateswithup-to-dateguidanceforinfrastructureSIPsforanyneworrevisedNAAQS.Whiletoday'sproposedactionreliesonthespecificguidanceissuedforthe2008PbNAAQS,wehavealsoconsideredthismorerecent2013guidancewhereapplicable(althoughnotspecificallyissuedforthe2008PbNAAQS)andhavefoundnoconflictsbetweentheissuedguidanceandreviewoflowa'sSIPsubmission.Withinthe2013guidance,EPAdescribesthedutyofstatestomakeinfrastructureSIPsubmissionstomeetbasicstructuralSIPrequirementswithinthreeyearsofpromulgationofaneworrevisedNAAQS.EPAalsomaderecommendationsaboutmanyspecificsubsectionsofsection11O(a)(2)thatarerelevantinthecontextofinfrastructureSIPsubmissions.10Theguidancealsodiscussesthesubstantivelyimportantissuesthataregermanetocertainsubsectionsofsection11O(a)(2).Significantly,EPAinterpretssections110(a)(l)and110(a)(2)suchthatinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsneedtoaddresscertainissuesandneednotaddressothers.Accordingly,EPAreviewseachinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforcompliancewiththeapplicablestatutoryprovisionsofsection11O(a)(2),asappropriate.Asanexample,section110(a)(2)(E)(ii)isarequiredelementofsection110(a)(2)forinfrastructureSIPsubmissions.Underthiselement,astatemustmeetthesubstantiverequirementsofsection128,whichpertaintostateboardsthatapprovepermitsorenforcementordersandheadsofexecutiveagencieswithsimilarpowers.Thus,EPAreviewsinfrastructureSIPsubmissionstoensurethatthestate'sSIPappropriatelyaddressestherequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(E)(ii)andsection128.The2013GuidanceexplainsEPA'sinterpretationthattheremaybeavarietyofwaysbywhichstatescanappropriatelyaddressthesesubstantivestatutoryrequirements,dependingonthestructureofanindividualstate'spermittingorenforcementprogram(e.g.,whetherpermitsandenforcementordersareapprovedbyamulti-memberboardorbyaheadofanexecutiveagency).Howevertheyareaddressedbythestate,thesubstantiverequirementsofsection128arenecessarilyincludedinEPA'sevaluationofinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsbecausesection11O(a)(2)(E)(ii)explicitlyrequiresthatthestatesatisfytheprovisionsofsection128.Asanotherexample,EPA'sreviewofinfrastructureSIPsubmissionswithrespecttothePSDprogramrequirementsinsections110(a)(2)(C),(D)(i)(II),and(J)focusesuponthestructuralPSDprogramrequirementscontainedinpartCandEPA'sPSDregulations.StructuralPSDprogramrequirementsincludeprovisionsnecessaryforthePSDprogramtoaddressallregulatedsourcesandNSRpollutants,includinggreenhousegases(GHGs).Bycontrast,structuralPSDprogramrequirementsdonotinclude8EPAnotes,however,thatnothingintheCAArequiresEPAtoprovideguidanceortopromulgateregulationsforinfrastructureSIPsubmissions.TheCAAdirectlyappliestostatesandrequiresthesubmissionofinfrastructureSIPsubmissions,regardlessofwhetherornotEPAprovidesguidanceorregulationspertainingtosuchsubmissions.EPAelectstoissuesuchguidanceinordertoassiststates,asappropriate.9"GuidanceonInfrastructureStateImplementationPlan(SIP)ElementsunderCleanAirActSectionsllO(a)(l)and110(a)(2),"MemorandumfromStephenD.Page,September13,2013.10EPA'sSeptember13,2013,guidancedidnotmakerecommendationswithrespecttoinfrastructureSIPsubmissionstoaddresssection110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I).EPAissuedtheguidanceshortlyaftertheU.S.SupremeCourtagreedtoreviewtheD.C.CircuitdecisioninEMEHomerCity,696F.3d7(D.C.Cir.2012)whichhadinterpretedtherequirementsofsection110(a)(2)(D)(i)(l).Inlightoftheuncertaintycreatedbyongoinglitigation,EPAelectednottoprovideadditionalguidanceontherequirementsofsection110(a)(2)(D)(i){l)atthattime.Astheguidanceisneitherbindingnorrequiredbystatute,whetherEPAelectstoprovideguidanceonaparticularsectionhasnoimpactonastate'sCAAobligations.5provisionsthatarenotrequiredunderEPA'sregulationsat40CFR51.166butaremerelyavailableasanoptionforthestate,suchastheoptiontoprovidegrandfatheringofcompletepermitapplicationswithrespecttothe2012PM2.sNAAQS.Accordingly,thelatteroptionalprovisionsaretypesofprovisionsEPAconsidersirrelevantinthecontextofaninfrastructureSIPaction.Forothersection110(a)(2)elements,however,EPA'sreviewofastate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionfocusesonassuringthatthestate'sSIPmeetsbasicstructuralrequirements.Forexample,section110(a)(2)(C)includes,interalia,therequirementthatstateshaveaprogramtoregulateminornewsources.Thus,EPAevaluateswhetherthestatehasanEPA-approvedminorNSRprogramandwhethertheprogramaddressesthepollutantsrelevanttothatNAAQS.InthecontextofactingonaninfrastructureSIPsubmission,however,EPAdoesnotthinkitisnecessarytoconductareviewofeachandeveryprovisionofastate'sexistingminorsourceprogram{i.e.,alreadyintheexistingSIP)forcompliancewiththerequirementsoftheCAAandEPA'sregulationsthatpertaintosuchprograms.Withrespecttocertainotherissues,EPAdoesnotbelievethatanactiononastate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionisnecessarilytheappropriatetypeofactioninwhichtoaddresspossibledeficienciesinastate'sexistingSIP.Theseissuesinclude:(i)existingprovisionsrelatedtoexcessemissionsfromsourcesduringperiodsofstartup,shutdown,ormalfunctionthatmaybecontrarytotheCAAandEPA'spoliciesaddressingsuchexcessemissions("SSM");(ii)existingprovisionsrelatedto"director'svariance"or"director'sdiscretion"thatmaybecontrarytotheCAAbecausetheypurporttoallowrevisionstoSIP-approvedemissionslimitswhilelimitingpublicprocessornotrequiringfurtherapprovalbyEPA;and(iii)existingprovisionsforPSDprogramsthatmaybeinconsistentwithcurrentrequirementsofEPA's"FinalNSRImprovementRule,"67FR80186(December31,2002),asamendedby72FR32526(June13,2007)("NSRReform").Thus,EPAbelievesitmayapproveaninfrastructureSIPsubmissionwithoutscrutinizingthetotalityoftheexistingSIPforsuchpotentiallydeficientprovisionsandmayapprovethesubmissionevenifitisawareofsuchexistingprovisions.11ItisimportanttonotethatEPA'sapprovalofastate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionshouldnotbeconstruedasexplicitorimplicitre-approvalofanyexistingpotentiallydeficientprovisionsthatrelatetothethreespecificissuesjustdescribed.EPA'sapproachtoreviewofinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsistoidentifytheCAArequirementsthatarelogicallyapplicabletothatsubmission.EPAbelievesthatthisapproachtothereviewofaparticularinfrastructureSIPsubmissionisappropriate,becauseitwouldnotbereasonabletoreadthegeneralrequirementsofsection11O(a)(1)andthelistofelementsin11O(a)(2)asrequiringreviewofeachandeveryprovisionofastate'sexistingSIPagainstallrequirementsintheCAAandEPAregulationsmerelyforpurposesofassuringthatthestateinquestionhasthebasicstructuralelementsforafunctioningSIPforaneworrevisedNAAQS.BecauseSIPshavegrownbyaccretionoverthedecadesasstatutoryandregulatoryrequirementsundertheCAAhaveevolved,theymayincludesomeoutmodedprovisionsandhistoricalartifacts.Theseprovisions,whilenotfullyuptodate,neverthelessmaynotposeasignificantproblemforthepurposesof"implementation,maintenance,andenforcement"ofaneworrevisedNAAQSwhenEPAevaluatesadequacyoftheinfrastructureSIPsubmission.EPAbelievesthatabetterapproachisforstatesandEPAtofocusattentiononthoseelementsofsection110(a)(2)oftheCAAmostlikelytowarrantaspecificSIPrevisionduetothepromulgationofaneworrevisedNAAQSorotherfactors.11Bycontrast,EPAnotesthatifastateweretoincludeanewprovisioninaninfrastructureSIPsubmissionthatcontainedalegaldeficiency,suchasanewexemptionforexcessemissionsduringSSMevents,thenEPAwouldneedtoevaluatethatprovisionforcomplianceagainsttherubricofapplicableCAArequirementsinthecontextoftheactionontheinfrastructureSIP.6Forexample,EPA's2013GuidancegivessimplerrecommendationswithrespecttocarbonmonoxidethanotherNAAQSpollutantstomeetthevisibilityrequirementsofsection110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II),becausecarbonmonoxidedoesnotaffectvisibility.Asaresult,aninfrastructureSIPsubmissionforanyfutureneworrevisedNAAQSforcarbonmonoxideneedonlystatethisfactinordertoaddressthevisibilityprongofsection11O(a)(2)(D)(i)(II).WithrespecttoElements(C)and(J),EPAinterpretstheCAAtorequireeachstatetomakeaninfrastructureSIPsubmissionforaneworrevisedNAAQSthatdemonstratesthattheairagencyhasacompletePSDpermittingprogrammeetingthecurrentrequirementsforallregulatedNSRpollutants.TherequirementsofElementD(i)(II)mayalsobesatisfiedbydemonstratingtheairagencyhasacompletePSDpermittingprogramcorrectlyaddressingallregulatedNSRpollutants.IowahasshownthatitcurrentlyhasaPSDprograminplacethatcoversallregulatedNSRpollutants,includinggreenhousegases(GHGs).OnJune23,2014,theUnitedStatesSupremeCourtissuedadecisionaddressingtheapplicationofPSDpermittingrequirementstoGHGemissions.UtilityAirRegulatoryGroupv.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,134S.Ct.2427.TheSupremeCourtsaidthattheEPAmaynottreatGHGsasanairpollutantforpurposesofdeterminingwhetherasourceisamajorsourcerequiredtoobtainaPSDpermit.TheCourtalsosaidthattheEPAcouldcontinuetorequirethatPSDpermits,otherwiserequiredbasedonemissionsofpollutantsotherthanGHGs,containlimitationsonGHGemissionsbasedontheapplicationofBestAvailableControlTechnology(BACT).InordertoactconsistentlywithitsunderstandingoftheCourt'sdecisionpendingfurtherjudicialactiontoeffectuatethedecision,theEPAisnotcontinuingtoapplyEPAregulationsthatwouldrequirethatSIPsincludepermittingrequirementsthattheSupremeCourtfoundimpermissible.Specifically,EPAisnotapplyingtherequirementthatastate'sSIP-approvedPSDprogramrequirethatsourcesobtainPSDpermitswhenGHGsaretheonlypollutant(i)thatthesourceemitsorhasthepotentialtoemitabovethemajorsourcethresholds,or(ii)forwhichthereisasignificantemissionsincreaseandasignificantnetemissionsincreasefromamodification(e.g.40CFR51.166(b)(48)(v)).EPAanticipatesaneedtorevisefederalPSDrulesinlightoftheSupremeCourtopinion.Inaddition,EPAanticipatesthatmanystateswillrevisetheirexistingSIP-approvedPSDprogramsinlightoftheSupremeCourt'sdecision.ThetimingandcontentofsubsequentEPAactionswithrespecttotheEPAregulationsandstatePSDprogramapprovalsareexpectedtobeinformedbyadditionallegalprocessbeforetheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuit.Atthisjuncture,EPAisnotexpectingstatestohaverevisedtheirPSDprogramsforpurposesofinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsandisonlyevaluatingsuchsubmissionstoassurethatthestate'sprogramcorrectlyaddressesGHGsconsistentwiththeSupremeCourt'sdecision.Atpresent,EPAhasdeterminedtheIowaSIPissufficienttosatisfyElements110(a)(2)C,D(i)(II),andJwithrespecttoGHGsbecausethePSDpermittingprogrampreviouslyapprovedbyEPAintotheSIPcontinuestorequirethatPSDpermits(otherwiserequiredbasedonemissionsofpollutantsotherthanGHGs)containlimitationsonGHGemissionsbasedontheapplicationofBACT.AlthoughtheapprovedIowaPSDpermittingprogrammaycurrentlycontainprovisionsthatarenolongernecessaryinlightoftheSupremeCourtdecision,thisdoesnotrendertheinfrastructureSIPsubmissioninadequatetosatisfyElements110(a)(2)C,(D)(i)(II),andJ.TheSIPcontainsthenecessaryPSDrequirementsatthistime,andtheapplicationofthoserequirementsisnotimpededbythepresenceofotherpreviouslyapprovedprovisionsregardingthepermittingofsourcesofGHGsthatEPAdoesnotconsidernecessaryatthistimeinlightoftheSupremeCourtdecision.Accordingly,theSupremeCourtdecisiondoesnotaffectEPA'sproposedapprovaloflowa'sinfrastructureSIPastotherequirementsofElements110(a)(2)C,D(i)(II),andJ.7Finally,

EPA believes

that

its approach

with respect

to infrastructure

SIP requirements

is based

on

a reasonable

reading

of sections

11 O(a)(1)

and

11 O(a)(2) because

the CAA provides

other avenues

and mechanisms

to address

specific substantive deficiencies

in existing

SIPs. These

other statutory

tools allow

EPA

to take appropriately

tailored

action, depending

upon

the nature

and severity

of the alleged SIP deficiency.

Section

11 O(k)(5) authorizes

EPA

to issue

a "SIP

call" whenever

the Agency determines that

a state's

SIP

is substantially

inadequate

to attain

or maintain

the NAAQS,

to mitigate interstate transport,

or

to otherwise

comply

with

the CAA.

12 Section

11 O(k)(6) authorizes

EPA

to correct

errors

in past actions,

such

as past approvals

of SIP submissions.

13 Significantly,

EPA's determination

that

an action

on

a state's infrastructure

SIP submission

is not

the appropriate

time

and place

to address

all potential

existing

SIP deficiencies

does

not preclude

EPA's subsequent

reliance

on provisions

in section 110(a)(2)

as part

of the basis

for action

to correct

those deficiencies

at

a later

time.

For example, although

it may

not

be appropriate

to require

a state

to eliminate

all existing inappropriate

director's discretion

provisions

in the course

of acting

on

an infrastructure

SIP submission,

EPA believes

that section

11

0( a)(2)(A)

may

be among

the statutory

bases

that EPA relies

upon

in the course

of addressing such deficiency

in

a subsequent

action.

14 EPA's evaluation

of how

the state

of Iowa addressed

the relevant

elements

of sections llO(a)(l) and

(2) Note: Throughout

this section,

there

are numerous

references

to Iowa

Code 455B, "Jurisdiction

of Department

of Natural Resources."

Iowa

Code includes

laws enacted

by the Iowa General Assembly

and provides legislative

authority

for IDNR. Additional information

about

the Iowa

Code

can

be found

at http://www.legis.iowa.gov/iowalaw/statutorvlaw.aspx The Iowa Administrative

Code

(lAC)

is

a composite

of all adopted administrative

rules.

A bi-weekly bulletin

is published

of all proposed

and adopted

changes

and

is available

through

the IDNR

web

site www.iowadnr.gov,

or

by listserv.

The Environmental

Protection Commission

(EPC)

has been assigned

Chapter

567

of the lAC

and

air quality

rules

are

in Chapters

10, 20-29,

31, and 33-34.

A table

of contents

for these chapters

were included

in the 2008

Ph infrastructure

submission. On November

4, 2011,

EPA Region

7 received

Iowa's infrastructure

SIP submission

from IDNR

for

the 2008

Pb NAAQS.

This

SIP submission

became complete

as

a matter

of law

on May

4, 2012.

EPA reviewed

Iowa's infrastructure

SIP submission

and

the relevant

statutory

and regulatory

authorities

and provisions

referenced

in that submission

or referenced

in Iowa's

current EPA-approved

SIP. Below

is EPA's evaluation

ofhow

the state addressed

the relevant

elements

of section 110(a)(2)

for

the 2008

Pb NAAQS. 12 For example,

EPA issued

a SIP

call

to Utah

to address

specific

existing

SIP deficiencies

related

to the treatment

of excess emissions

during

SSM events.

See "Finding

of Substantial

Inadequacy

of Implementation

Plan;

Call

for Utah

State Implementation

Plan Revisions,"

74

FR 21639 (Aprill8,

2011). 13 EPA

has used

this authority

to correct

errors

in past actions

on SIP submissions

related

to PSD programs.

See "Limitation of Approval

of Prevention

of Significant Deterioration

Provisions Concerning

Greenhouse

Gas Emitting-Sources

in State Implementation

Plans;

Final Rule,"

75

FR 82536 (December

30, 2010).

EPA

has previously

used

its authority

under

CAA section

11 O(k)(

6)

to remove numerous

other

SIP provisions

that

the Agency determined

it had approved

in error.

See,

e.g.,

61 FR 38664

(July

25, 1996)

and

62 FR 34641

(June

27, 1997) (corrections

to American

Samoa, Arizona, California,

Hawaii, and Nevada

SIPs);

69 FR 67062 (November

16, 2004) (corrections

to California

SIP);

and

74

FR 57051 (November

3, 2009) (corrections

to Arizona

and Nevada

SIPs). 14 See,

e.g., EPA's disapproval

of

a SIP submission

from Colorado

on

the grounds

that

it would

have included

a director's discretion

provision inconsistent

with CAA requirements,

including

section

11 O(a)(2)(A).

See,

e.g.,

75

FR 42342

at 42344 (July

21, 2010) (proposed disapproval

of director's

discretion provisions);

76 FR 4540 (January

26, 2011)

(fmal disapproval of such provisions);

e.g.,

May

22, 2015,

the Administrator

signed

the

final action

on

the Startup, Shutdown, Malfunction SIP

Call Petition

that included

the State oflowa.

8(A)Emissionlimitsandothercontrolmeasures:Section110(a)(2)(A)requiresSIPstoincludeenforceableemissionlimitsandothercontrolmeasures,meansortechniques,schedulesforcomplianceandotherrelatedmattersasneededtoimplement,maintainandenforceeachNAAQS.15IowaCode4558.132"ExecutiveAgency,"designatesIDNRastheAgencytoprevent,abate,orcontrolairpollution.TheEPCisthegoverningcommissionoftheenvironmentalservicesportionofIDNR(IowaCode455A.6"Environmentalprotectioncommission-appointmentandduties.")TheEPChasthedutyandauthoritytodevelopplansforabatement,controlandpreventionofairpollution,whichincludesemissionlimitsandschedulesforcompliance.AsoutlinedinIowaCode4558.133"Duties"1-4,theEPCalsoadopts,amends,orrepealsemissionlimitsrelatingtothemaximumquantitiesofaircontaminantsthatmaybeemittedfromanaircontaminantsource.Administrativerulesestablishproceduresforcompliancewithemissionlimits(567lACChapter21-"Compliance.")SpecificemissionlimitsorothercontrolmeasuresnecessarytoresolvePbnonattainmentarenotpartof,andthusarenotincludedin,theInfrastructureSIP.16Iowaadoptedthe2008Pbstandardsasspecifiedin40CFR50.16(a),into567lACChapter28-"AmbientAirQualityStandards,"withtheeffectivedateofNovember24,2010;therefore,PbisacontaminantwhichmayberegulatedunderIowalaw.Baseduponreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008Pbstandard,andapplicablestatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievesthatIowahasstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritytoestablishadditionalemissionlimitationsandothermeasures,asnecessarytoaddressattainmentandmaintenanceofthePbstandards.Basedonreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsforthe2008PbNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievestheIowaSIPadequatelyaddressestherequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(A)forthe2008PbNAAQSandisproposingtoapprovethiselementoftheNovember4,2011,SIPsubmission.(B)Ambientairquality monitoring/datasystem:Section110(a)(2)(B)requiresSIPstoincludeprovisionstoprovideforestablishmentandoperationofambientairqualitymonitors,collectionandanalysisofambientairqualitydata,andmakingthesedataavailabletoEPAuponrequest.15Thespecificnonattainmentareaplanrequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(I)aresubjecttothetimingrequirementsofsection172,notthetimingrequirementofsection11O(a)(l).Thus,section11O(a)(2)(A)doesnotrequirethatstatessubmitregulationsoremissionslimitsspecificallyforattainingthe2008PbNAAQS.ThoseSIPprovisionsaredueaspartofeachstate'sattainmentplan,andwillbeaddressedseparatelyfromtherequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(A).InthecontextofaninfrastructureSIP,EPAisnotevaluatingtheexistingSIPprovisionsforthispurpose.Instead,EPAisonlyevaluatingwhetherthestate'sSIPhasbasicstructuralprovisionsfortheimplementationoftheNAAQS.16AsnotedinthepreamblefortheleadNAAQS(74FR66964,November12,2008)infootnote113onpage67034:"Twoelementsidentifiedinsection11O(a)(2)arenotlistedbelowbecause,asEPAinterpretstheCAA,SIPsincorporatinganynecessarylocalnonattainmentareacontrolswouldnotbeduewithin3years,butratheraredueatthetimethenonattainmentareaplanningrequirementsaredue.Theseelementsare:(1)Emissionlimitsandothercontrolmeasures,section110(a)(2)(A),and(2)ProvisionsformeetingpartD,section(l)(a)(2)(I),whichrequiresareasdesignatedasnonattainmenttomeettheapplicablenonattainmentplanningrequirementsofpartD,titleIoftheCAA."9Toaddressthiselement,lAC4558.134("Director-Duties-Limitations")(4)requirestheIDNRDirectortomonitorairquality.AmbientairmonitoringisimplementedwithagreementswiththeUniversityoflowa'sStateHygienicLaboratory,theLinnCountylocalprogram,andthePolkCountylocalprogram.Theambientairqualitymonitoringprogramcollectsairmonitoringdata,qualityassurestheresults,andreportsthedata.IDNRsubmitsannualmonitoringnetworkplanstoEPAforapproval,includingplansforitsPbmonitoringnetwork,asrequiredby40CFR58.10.PriortosubmissiontoEPA,IowamakestheplanavailableforpublicreviewonIDNR'swebsiteat(http://www.iowadnr.gov/InsideDNR/RegulatoryAir/MonitoringAmbientAir.aspx.IDNRalsoconductsfive-yearmonitoringnetworkassessmentsasrequiredby40CFR58.10(d).Furthermore,IowasubmitsairqualitydatatoEPA'sAirQualitySystem,pursuanttotheprovisionsofthestate'sgrantworkplansdevelopedinconjunctionofEPA.ThisdatadeterminesifthenetworksitemonitorsareincompliancewiththeNAAQS.IDNRoperatesonePbmonitorinCouncilBluffs,Iowa,inaccordancewiththecurrentPbmonitoringrequirements.AmbientconcentrationsofPbaremeasuredinaccordancewiththeapplicablefederalregulationsin40CFRPart50,AppendixD,orequivalentmethodsasapprovedbyEPApursuantto40CFRPart53.Basedonreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsforthe2008PbNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievestheIowaSIPadequatelyaddressestherequirementsofsection110(a)(2)(B)forthe2008PbNAAQSandisproposingtoapprovethiselementoftheNovember4,2011,SIPsubmission.(C)Programforenforcementofcontrolmeasures(PSD,NewSourceReviewfornonattainmentareas,andconstructionandmodificationofallstationarysources):Section11O(a)(2)(C)requiresstatestoincludethefollowingthreeelementsintheSIP:(1)aprogramprovidingforenforcementofmeasuresdescribedinsection110(a)(2)(A);(2)aprogramfortheregulationofthemodificationandconstructionofstationarysourcesasnecessarytoprotecttheapplicableNAAQS(i.e.,state-widepermittingofminorsources);and(3)apermitprogramtomeetthemajorsourcepermittingrequirementsoftheCAA(forareasdesignatedasattainmentorunclassifiablefortheNAAQSinquestion)P(1)EnforcementofSIPMeasures.WithrespecttoenforcementofrequirementsoftheSIP,IowaCode455B.133"Duties"and567lACChapter10-"AdministrativePenalties,"providesauthorityforIDNRtoestablishthescheduleorrangeofcivilpenalties,andthedirectorhasthedutyandauthoritytoissueordersconsistentwiththeadministrativerulestocontrolairpollutionandensurecompliancewithpermitconditions.TheEPCapprovesadministrativerulesthatestablish,byrule,ascheduleorrangeofcivilpenaltieswhichmaybeadministrativelyassessed(IowaCode4558.109"ScheduleofFines-Violations,"567lACChapter10).IowaCode455B.l40"JudicialReview,"allowsthestateoflowatoseek17Asdiscussedpreviously,thisinfrastructureSIPrulemakingwillnotaddresstheIowaprogramfornonattainmentarearelatedprovisions,sinceEPAconsidersevaluationoftheseprovisionstobeoutsidethescopeofinfrastructureSIPactions.10judicialreviewinaccordancewiththeIowaAdministrativeProcedureAct,1 7A,andIowaCode4558.141"LegalAction"providesauthoritytoenforcetherulesandregulations.IowaCode455B.146A"CriminalAction-Penalties,"addressespenaltiesforcriminalaction.TheIDNRaircomplianceprogramhasstaffinboththecentralofficeandsixfieldofficestoensurethatindustry,businesses,institutions,andindividualsareincompliancewithstateandfederalairqualityregulations.(2)MinorNewSourceReview.Section110(a)(2)(C)requiresthattheSIPincludemeasurestoregulateconstructionandmodificationofstationarysourcestoprotecttheNAAQS.IowahasaSIP-approvedprogramforpre-constructionpermits.TheIDNRpre-constructionpermitprogramreviewsdesignandperformanceobjectivesforsourcesofaircontaminantstodeterminelikelycompliancewithstateandfederalrequirements,andtoassurethatemissionstandardsshallnotcauseorcontributetoaviolationoftheNAAQS.UniquetoIowaisthatallnewormodifiedequipment,orcontrolequipmentisrequiredtoobtainaconstructionpermitifconstructedafterSeptember23,1970,unlessexempt.Exemptionsarelistedin567lACChapter22-"ControllingPollution,"ofthefederally-approvedSIP.Anexampleofanexemptionisabathroomvent.Furthermore,IDNRisprohibitedfromissuingapermitiftheprojectresultsinaviolationofemissionsorotherprovisionsofthefederally-approvedSIP.Inadditiontosection165oftheCAA,constructionactivitiesbeforeobtainingapermitisaviolationoflowaCode4558.134"Director-DutiesLimitations,"567lAC21.1(1)(b)"Compliance,"and567lAC33.3(2)(b)"SpecialRegulationsandConstructionPermitRequirementsforMajorStationarySources-PreventionofSignificantDeterioration(PSD)ofAirQuality."Federally-approvedpermittingrulesarelocatedin567lACChapter22-"ControllingPollution."Chapter31"Nonattainment,"containsapplicabilitythresholdsfornonattainmentareas,while567lACChapter33containsapplicabilitythresholdsforattainmentareas.Inthisaction,EPAisproposingtoapproveIowa'sinfrastructureSIPforthe2008PbNAAQSwithrespecttothegeneralrequirementinsection110(a)(2)(C)toincludeaprogramintheSIPthatregulatesthemodificationandconstructionofanystationarysourceasnecessarytoensuretheNAAQSareachieved.Inthisaction,EPAisnotproposingtoapproveordisapprovethestate'sexistingminorNSRprogramtotheextent thatitisinconsistentwithEPA'sregulationsgoverningthisprogram.EPAhasmaintainedthattheCAAdoesnotrequirethatnewinfrastructureSIPsubmissionscorrectanydefectsinexistingEPA-approvedprovisionsofminorNSRprogramsinorderforEPAtoapprovetheinfrastructureSIPforelement(C)(e.g.,76FR41076-41079).(3)PreventionofSignificantDeterioration(PSD)permitprogram.IowahasaPSDpermittingprogramapprovedbyEPAasmeetingtherequirementsofpartC,relatingtothepreventionofsignificantdeteriorationofairquality.InordertodemonstratethatIowahasmetthissubelement, thisPSDprogrammustcoverrequirementsnotjustforthe2008PbNAAQS,butforallotherregulatedNSRpollutantsaswell.AsstatedintheOctober14,2011,PbInfrastructureSIPguidance,EPAhasnotproposedtoamendthePSDregulationswithregardtothePbNAAQSbecauseitbelievesthat,generally,thereissufficientguidanceandregulationsalreadyinplacetofullyimplementtherevisedPbNAAQS.1lIowa'simplementingPSDpermittingruleis567lACChapter33-"SpecialRegulationsandConstructionPermitRequirementsforMajorStationarySources-PreventionofSignificantDeterioration(PSD)ofAirQuality."ThischapterimplementsthemajorNSRprogramcontainedinPartCofTitleIofthefederalCAAasamendedonNovember15,1990,andaspromulgatedunder40CFRParts51.166and52.2.TherequirementsforthenonattainmentmajorNSRprogramforallNAAQS,includingPh,aresetforthin567lAC31.3,"NonattainmentNewSourceReviewRequirementsforAreasDesignatedNonattainmentonorAfterMay18,1998,"and567lAC31.20"SpecialRequirementsforNonattainmentAreasDesignatedBeforeMay18,1998"(OriginallyAdoptedin567-22.5).EPAnotes,however,thatitdoesnotevaluateastate'sSIPwithrespecttononattainmentareaplanrequirements,includingnonattainmentNSRpermittingprogramrequirements,inthecontextofinfrastructureSIPactions.(SeeEPA's"GuidanceonInfrastructureSIPElementsRequiredUndersections110(a)(l)and110(a)(2)forthe2008PhNAAQS,"October14,2011,section110(a)(2)(1).)IDNRissuesallPSDpermitsinthestateofIowaonapollutant-by-pollutantbasis.Inadditiontoconstructionpermitinformation,rulesandstatutespreviouslydiscussedin110(a)(2)(C)(2),preapplicationmeetingsbetweenfacilitiesandIDNRareencouraged,especiallyformajorsourcefacilities.Basedonreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionsforthe2008PbNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievestheIowaSIPadequatelyaddressestherequirementsofsection110(a)(2)(C)forthe2008PbNAAQSandisproposingtoapprovethiselementoftheNovember4,2011,SIPsubmission.(D)Interstateandinternationaltransport:Section110(a)(2)(D)(i)includesfourrequirementsreferredtoasprongs1through4.Prongs1and2areprovidedatsection110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I);Prongs3and4areprovidedatsection110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II).Section110(a)(2)(D)(i)(l)requiresSIPstoincludeadequateprovisionsprohibitinganysourceorothertypeofemissionsactivityinonestatefromcontributingsignificantlytononattainment,orinterferingwithmaintenance,ofanyNAAQSinanotherstate.Section110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II)requiresSIPstoincludeadequateprovisionsprohibitinganysourceorothertypeofemissionsactivityinonestatefrominterferingwithmeasuresrequiredofanyotherstatetopreventsignificantdeteriorationofairqualityortoprotectvisibility.Withrespecttoprongs1and2,thephysicalpropertiesofPbpreventPbemissionsfromtransportingsignificantlyintheambientair.NocomplexchemistryisneededtoformPhorPbcompoundsintheambientair;therefore,concentrationsofPbaretypicallyhighestnearPbsources.Morespecifically,thereisasharpdecreaseinPbconcentrationsasthedistancefromthesourceincreases.AccordingtoEPA'sreportentitledOurNation'sAir:StatusandTrendsThrough20/0,PbconcentrationsthatarenotnearasourceofPbareapproximately8timeslessthanthetypicalconcentrationsnearthesource(http://www.epa.gov/airtrends/2011/report/fullreport.pdf).EPAbelievesthattherequirementsofprongs1and2canbesatisfiedthroughastate'sassessmentastowhetheraPbsourcelocatedwithinitsstateincloseproximitytoastateborderhasemissionsthatcontributesignificantlytothenonattainmentinorinterferewithmaintenanceoftheNAAQSintheneighboringstate.ModelingconductedbyIowaindicatedthatthePbemissionsfromthelargestPbsourcesinIowadonotinterferewiththeapplicablerequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(D)(i)(l);however,12modelingdemonstratedthatsignificantemissionsfromtwosourcesaredepositedinaportionofPottawattamieCounty,CouncilBluffs,Iowa.Thisareawasdesignatednonattainmentforthe2008PbNAAQSonNovember22,2011.Toaddress thisarea,EPAreceivedarequestfrom thestateoflowaonFebruary9,2015,torevisetheSIPtoincludeemissionlimitsandotherrequirementsnecessaryforsourcesinthenonattainmentarea.EPAwilladdressthestate'sSIPsubmissionfornonattainmentplanprovisionsforthe2008PbNAAQSinaseparateaction.WithrespecttothePSDrequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(D)(i)(II)-prong3,EPAnotesIowa'ssatisfactionoftheapplicableinfrastructureSIPPSDrequirementsforattainment/unclassifiableareasofthe2008PbNAAQSthathavebeendetailedinthesectionaddressingsection11O(a)(2)(C).Withregardtotheapplicablerequirementsforvisibilityprotectionofsection11O(a)(2)(D)(i)(II)-prong4,significantimpactsfromPbemissionsfromstationarysourcesareexpectedtobelimitedtoshortdistancesfromthesourceandmost,ifnotall,PbstationarysourcesarelocatedatdistancesfromClassIareassuchthatvisibilityimpactswouldbenegligible.AlthoughPbcanbeacomponentofcoarseandfineparticles,Pbgenerallycomprisesasmallfractionofcoarseandfineparticles.Furthermore,whenevaluatingtheextentthatPbcouldimpactvisibility,Ph-relatedvisibilityimpactswerefoundtobeinsignificant(e.g.,lessthan0.10%).18Section110(a)(2)(D)(ii)alsorequiresthattheSIPensurecompliancewiththeapplicablerequirementsofsections126and115oftheCAA,relatingtointerstateandinternationalpollutionabatement,respectively.Section126(a)oftheCAArequiresnewormodifiedsourcestonotifyneighboringstatesofpotentialimpactsfromsourceswithinthestate.AlthoughIowasourceshavenotbeenidentifiedbyEPAashavinganyinterstateorinternationalimpactsundersection126orsection115inanypendingactionsrelatingtothe2008PbNAAQS,modelingconductedforambientmonitorplacementindicatesthatthePbemissionsfromthelargestPbsourcesinIowadonotinterferewiththeattainmentandmaintenanceofthePhNAAQSinotherstatesorothercountries.DetailedinformationabouttheimpactofPbemissionsfromIowasourcesisincludedintheannualairmonitoringnetworkplans.Section110(a)(2)(D)(ii)isaddressedbyIDNR'simplementationofthefederally-approvedpre-constructionpermitreview,andPSDpermitprogramnotificationrequirementsforFederalClassIareas.Specifically,EPA,aswellasofficialsandagencieshavingcognizancewheretheproposedconstructionistooccurarenotifiedofthependingpermit.Thisincludesstateorlocalairpollutioncontrolagencies,chiefexecutivesofthecityandcountywherethesourcewouldbelocated,anycomprehensiveregionallanduseplanningagency;andanystate,FederalLandManager,orIndiangoverningbodywhoselandsmaybeaffectedbyemissionsfrom thesourceormodification.Finally,EPAbelievesthatIowacouldusethesame statutoryauthoritiespreviouslydiscussed,primarilylAC567Chapter22,torespondtoanyfuturefindingswithrespecttothe2008PbNAAQS.Section115oftheCAAauthorizesEPAtorequireastatetoreviseitsSIPundercertainconditionstoalleviateinternationaltransportintoanothercountry.Therearenofinalfindingsundersection115oftheCAAagainstIowawithrespecttoanyairpollutant.Thus,thestate'sSIPdoesnotneedtoincludeanyprovisionstomeettherequirementsofsection115.18AnalysisbyMarkSchmidt,OAQPS,"AmbientPh'sContributiontoClassIAreaVisibilityImpairment,"June17,2011.13Baseduponreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008PbNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievesthatIowahasadequatelyaddressedtherequirementsofsections110(a)(2)(D)(i)-Prongs1through4and110(a)(2)(D)(ii)forthe2008PbNAAQSandisproposingtoapprovethiselementofthesubmissionreceivedbyEPAonNovember4,2011.(E)Adequateauthority,resources,implementation,andoversight:Section110(a)(2)(E)requiresthatSIPsprovideforthefollowing:(1)necessaryassurancesthatthestate(andotherentitieswithinthestateresponsibleforimplementingtheSIP)willhaveadequatepersonnel,funding,andauthorityunderstateorlocallawtoimplementtheSIP,andthattherearenolegalimpedimentstosuchimplementation;(2)requirementsthatthestatecomplywiththerequirementsrelatingtostateboards,pursuanttosection128oftheCAA;and(3)necessaryassurancesthatthestatehasresponsibilityforensuringadequateimplementationofanyplanprovisionforwhichitreliesonlocalgovernmentsorotherentitiestocarryoutthatportionoftheplan.(1)Section110(a)(2)(E)(i)requiresstatestoestablishthattheyhaveadequatepersonnel,fundingandauthority.Withrespecttoadequateauthority,wehavepreviouslydiscussedIowa'sstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritytoimplementthe2008PbNAAQS,primarilyinthediscussionofsection11O(a)(2)(A)above.NeitherIowanorEPAhasidentifiedanylegalimpedimentsinthestate'sSIPtoimplementationoftheNAAQS.Withrespecttoadequateresources,IDNRassertsthatithasadequatepersonneltoimplementtheSIP.IDNRisthedesignatedagencyovertheatmosphereofthestatetoprevent,abate,orcontrolairpollutionbyestablishingstandardsforairqualityandbyregulating potentialsourcesofairpollutionthroughasystemofgeneralrulesorspecificpermits(IowaCode455B.132"ExecutiveAgency,"and567lACChapter20.1-"ScopeofTitle.)TheIDNRAirQualityBureauisstaffedwithenvironmentalspecialiststhataredividedintofivesections:ComplianceandMonitoring,ConstructionPermits,EmissionsandSupport,OperatingPermits,andProgramDevelopment.ThesesectionsareunderthesupervisionoftheBureauChief.TheLegalServicesBureauisunderthesupervisionofiDNR'sLegalServicesBureau.FundingandauthoritytoimplementtheSIPisoutlinedintheportionon110(a)(2)(A).Theprogram'sbudgetisfundedbytheStateGeneralFund,EPAgrantsauthorizedundertheCAAsections103and105,andTitleVfees.InformationwithregardtoTitleVfeesisprovidedundersection110(a)(2)(L).EPAconductsperiodicprogramreviewstoensurethatthestatehasadequateresourcesandfundingtoimplementtheSIP.(2)Section11O(a)(2)(E)(ii)requiresthateachstateSIPmeettherequirementsofCAAsection128,relatingtorepresentationonstateboardsandconflictsofinterestbymembersofsuchboards.Section128(a)(1)requiresthatanyboardorbodywhichapprovespermitsorenforcementordersundertheCAAmusthaveatleastamajorityofmemberswhothepublicinterest"and"donotderiveanysignificantportionoftheirincomefrompersonssubjecttopermitsandenforcementordersundertheCAA."Section128(a)(2)requiresthatmembersofsuchaboardorbody,ortheheadofanagencywithsimilarpowers,adequatelydiscloseanypotentialconflictsofinterest.In1978,EPAissuedaguidancememorandumrecommendingwaysthatstatescouldmeettherequirementsofsection128,including14suggestedinterpretationsofcertaintermsinsection128.19EPAissuedadditionalguidanceconcerningsection128in2013toaddresscertainquestions.EPAhasalsoadoptedcertaininterpretationsofsection128aspartofitsactionsonotherinfrastructureSIPsconsistentwiththestatutoryrequirements(see,e.g.,ourproposalregardingArizona'sSIPat77FR44555,July30,2012andourfinalactionat77FR66398,November5,2012).Thesespecificinterpretationsare(1)thataboardthatdoesnotinitiallyissuepermitsbutdoesreviewpermitsonappealissubjecttoCAAsection128requirements,and(2)asingleofficialwhoissuesorreviewpermitsisnotaboardorbodyandthereforeisnotsubjecttotheCAAsection128(a)(1)requirementsapplicabletomultiplepersonboardmembers.EPAhasnotissuedregulationsofgeneralapplicabilityconcerningsection128.WeareutilizingtheseguidancedocumentsandprioractionstoinformourevaluationofIowa'sSIPsubmissionsforcompliancewithsection128,butwheretheIowastatelawprovidesanotheradequatewaytomeetthestatutoryrequirementsofsection128weexplainthatbelow.Intoday'saction,weareproposingtoapproveIDNR'sMay4,2015,submissionwithrespecttotherequirementsofsections110(a)(2)(E)(ii)andsection128oftheCAA.ThesestatutesandrulesweremadeavailableforpubliccommentonApril1,2015,withapublichearingonMay1,2015.Nocommentswerereceived.AbriefdescriptionoftheMay4,2015,submissionandattachmentsfollow(alldocumentsintheirentiretyareincludedinthedocketofthisrulemakingandarediscussedindetailinthistechnicalsupportdocument):Note:DescriptionsoftheIowaCodeandlACareincludedinpage8ofthisdocumentIowaCode4.4PRESUMPTIONOFENACTMENT,(5)Publicinterestisfavoredoveranyprivateinterest.IowaCode7E.4DEFINITIONSANDTERMINOLOGYFOREXECUTIVEBRANCHORGANIZATION.IowaCode68BGOVERNMENTETHICSANDLOBBYINGACT.ThischapterwasincludedintheSIPrevisioninitsentirety;specificsectionsthatapplytothisproposedrulemakingasitappliestoCAAsection128areasfollows:68B.2Definitionsthatapplyforthepurposesofthisproposedrulemakingincludes,1."Agency,"2."Agencyofstategovernment"or"stateagency,"7."Compensation,"9."Gifts,"10.Honorarium,"11."Immediatefamilymembers,"17."Official,"and23."Regulatoryagency."68B.2AProhibitedoutsideemploymentandactivities-Conflictsofinterest.Thissectionaddressesprohibitedconduct/activitiesasappliedtoanypersonwhoserves,isemployedbythestateorapoliticalsubdivisionofthestate.68B.4Salesorleasesbyregulatoryagencyofficialsandemployees.Thissectionaddressesprohibitedconduct/activitiesofofficialsoremployeesofanyregulatoryagencywithregardtosellingorleasingeitherdirectly,orindirectly,anygoodsorservicestoindividuals,associations,orcorporationssubjecttotheregulatoryauthorityoftheagencyofwhichthepersonisanofficialoremployee.19SeeMemorandumfromDavid0.BickarttoRegionalAirDirectors,"GuidancetoStatesforMeetingConflictoflnterestRequirementsofSection128,"SuggestedDefinitions,March2,1978.1568B.23Honoraria-banned.Asthetitleofthesectionindicates,honorariaisbannedfromrestricteddonors.68B.35Personalfinancialdisclosure-certainofficials,membersofthegeneralassembly,andcandidates.IowaAdministrativeCode:351lAC-6.11(68B)Salesorleasesbyregulatoryagencyofficialsandemployees.IowaAdministrativeCode:351lAC6.14(2)Memberofboardorcommission.IowaAdministrativeCode:351lAC6.19(68B)Prohibitiononreceiptofanhonorarium.IowaAdministrativeCode:351lAC7.1(68B)Filingrequirementsandprocedures,and7.2(68B)Informationdisclosedonform.IowaAdministrativeCode:567lAC1.11(68B)(1)-(9)Salesofgoodsandservices.Finally,Article1,section2oftheIowaConstitution,PoliticalPower,wasincludedaspartoftheSIPsubmissionIDNRhasbeendesignatedunderIowaCode4558.132"ExecutiveAgency,"astheagencythatadministerstheairqualityprograminthestateofIowa.IowaCode455A.6"EnvironmentalProtectionCommission-AppointmentsandDuties,"establishedthestate'sEPC.TheEPChastheauthoritytoestablishpolicyforthedepartment,adoptrules,hearappealsincontestedcases,andapprovebudgetrequests.Therefore,theEPCmustsatisfytherequirementsofsections128(a)(l)and(2).Astheheadofanexecutiveagencywithsimilarpowers,theDirectorofIDNRmustsatisfytherequirementsofsection128(a)(2).Section128(a)(l)containstwoseparaterequirementsapplicabletoanyboardorbodywhichapprovespermitsorenforcementordersundertheCAA.First,amajorityofmembersoftheboardorbodymust"representthepublicinterest"("publicinterest"requirement).Second,amajorityofmembersmust"notderiveanysignificantportionoftheirincomefrompersonssubjecttopermitsorenforcementorders"("significantincome"requirement).Withrespecttothe"publicinterest"requirement,EPAnotesthatthistermisnotclearlydefinedintheCAAanditrequiressomeinterpretationtoreachaconclusionastowhetheraparticularstate'slawsmeettherequirement.IowainitsMay4,2015submissionincludedarticle1,section2oftheIowaStateConstitution.Article1,section2states:"Allpoliticalpowerisinherentinthepeople.Governmentisinstitutedfortheprotection,security,andbenefitofthepeople,andtheyhavetheright,atalltimes,toalterorreformthesame,wheneverthepublicgoodmayrequireit."Iowa'sMay4,2015,SIPsubmissionconfirmsthattheEPCisagovernmentalbodyrequiredtoservefortheprotection,security,andbenefitofthepeople,andthereforeissubjecttoarticle1,section2.Inaddition,membersoftheEPCaresubjecttocertainrestrictionsonderivingincomethatmightotherwiseprovideamotivationforvotingonEPCagendaitemsinawaythatmightnotbeinthepublicinterest,describedbelowinthecontextofthe"significantincome"requirement.Withrespecttothepublicinterestrequirement,these16provisions

oflowa

law apply

to

all members

ofthe

EPC,

and

in EPA's

view sufficiently

ensure

that

all members

of the EPC

are precluded

from serving

in their self-interest

at the expense

ofthe

public interest.

EPA

is today proposing

to approve

Iowa's

May

4, 2015, section 110(a)(2)(E)(ii)

submissions

as meeting

the requirement

to ensure

that

the

SIP requires

at least

a majority

of the members

of the EPC

to serve

in the public interest

as required

by section 128(a)(1)

of the CAA. With respect

to the "significant

income" requirement

that applies

to members

of the EPC,

EPA

again notes

that

this term

is not clearly

defined

in the CAA

and

it requires

some interpretation

to reach

a conclusion

as

to whether

a particular

state's

laws

meet

the requirement.

We believe

that taken

as

a whole Iowa

law meets

the significant

income requirements.

Because

Iowa

Code section

68B.2 defines "agency"

in

a manner

that includes

the IDNR,

the EPC commissioners

must comply

with ethics requirements,

gift restrictions,

and

the conflict

of interest requirements

as outlined

in Iowa

Code section 68B

and

the rules promulgated

in the lAC sections

351

and

567. Specifically,

Iowa

Code section

68B requires

the following:

(1)

a commissioner

or immediate

family member

shall

not derive

any benefit from taking

any official

action

or performing

any official

duty (section 68B.2A(1)(b));_(2)

a commissioner

shall

not engage

in outside employment

that

is subject

to official

control, inspection, review,

audit,

or enforcement

authority

during

the performance

of commissioner's

duties

of office

or employment

(section 68B.2A(1)(c));

and

(3)

if

a conflict

as described

in Iowa

Code section 68B.2A(1)(c)

exists,

the commissioner

shall either

cease

the outside employment

or activity

or disclose the conflict

and refrain

from taking

any official

action

that would detrimentally

affect

or create

a benefit for

the outside employment

or activity

(section 68B.2A(2)).

Iowa

Code section

688.23

and

lAC

351- 6.11 prohibit commissioners

from receiving

honoraria

from restricted

donors,

who

are defined

in part,

as those persons

who

will

be directly

and substantially

affected financially

by

the agency's

actions.

20 An honorarium,

as defined

in Iowa

Code section 688.2(10)

is anything

of value

that

is accepted

or given

as consideration

for

an appearance,

speech,

or article.

A commissioner

or immediate

family member

shall not receive

gifts

from

a restricted

donor (section

688.22).

The

lAC prohibits commissioners

from receiving compensation

to appear

on behalf

of any person

or otherwise

render services

against

the interest

of the state

in relation

to any

case before

the subunit

of the state agency

in which

the member serves

or

is employed

(in

the case

of

a commissioner,

the EPC)

or with which

the member

has substantial

and regular

contact

as part

of the member's

state duties

(lAC 351-6.14(1)). In addition,

Iowa

Code section

688.4,

as well

as lAC 351-6.11

and 567-1.11(1),

preclude

EPC members from selling

or leasing,

either directly

or indirectly,

any goods

or services

to individuals, associations,

or corporations

subject

to the regulatory

authority

of the IDNR

or EPC, except

when

all

of the following four listed conditions

are met. 1.

The consent

of the regulatory

agency

for which

the person

is

an official

or employee

is obtained

and

the person

is not

the official

or employee

with

the authority

to determine whether

agency

consent

is

to

be given. 2.

The duties

or functions performed

by

the official

or employee

for

the regulatory

agency are

not related

to the regulatory

authority

of the agency

over

the individual,

association, or corporation

(e.g., a

party subject

to permits

or enforcement

orders),

or the selling

or leasing

of goods

or services

by

the official

or employee

to the individuals, associations, or corporations

does

not affect

the official's

or employee's

duties

or functions

at the regulatory

agency. 20 EPA

notes

that

the definition of"restricted

donor"

in Iowa

Code section

68B.2

is such

that

not

all persons

subject

to pennits

or enforcement

orders

under

the CAA

may

fall within

the defmition

at

all times.

The definition

does clearly

include any person

with

a particular

pennit

or enforcement

order currently

before

the EPC. 173.

The selling

or leasing

of any goods

or services

by

the official

or employee

to

an individual, association,

or corporation

does

not include advocacy

on behalf

of the individual, association,

or corporation

to the regulatory

agency

in which

the person

is

an official

or employee. 4.

The selling

or leasing

of any goods

or services

by

the official

or employee

to

an individual, association,

or corporation

does

not cause

the official

or employee

to sell

or lease goods

or services

to the regulatory

agency

on behalf

of the individual, association, or corporation. Iowa's submission

of May

4, 2015,

states

that EPC members

are precluded

from deriving

a significant portion

of income resulting

from

sales

of goods

or services

and/or honoraria

from persons

subject

to permits

or enforcement

orders.

EPA understands

this statement

to

be

a declaration

that

the collective effect

of the provisions

cited above,

all

of which

have

been formally submitted

for approval

into Iowa's SIP,

is

to effectively

preclude

EPC members

from receiving

a significant

portion

of their income

from such sources.

EPA agrees

with

this conclusion,

for

the reasons explained

below. First,

we note

that

lAC section 567-1.11 establishes

the criteria

and procedures

for

a commissioner

to obtain approval

of the IDNR

to sell goods

or services

to

a party subject

to the authority

of the department.

Section 567-1.11

( 5) provides

for general conditions

for case-by-case

consent

by IDNR,

and mirrors

the four conditions

oflowa

Code section

68B.4

listed above. Section 567-1.11

( 6)(b) provides categorical

approval

for specific

types

of sales. Regarding

the categorical

approvals

listed

in section 567-1.11(6)(b),

that section includes

a clause stating that

further approval

is not needed

unless

there

are unique

facts surrounding

a particular

sale which

would

cause

that

sale

to affect

the official's

duties

or functions,

would

give

the buyer

an advantage

in

its dealings

with

the IDNR,

or otherwise

present

a conflict

of interest.

Thus, EPC members

must obtain specific approval

from

the Director

of IDNR

for any particular

sale meeting

one

or more

of these descriptions,

the first

and

last

of which

clearly

are relevant

to the significance

of the income

in the context

of the EPC members'

official

duties.

While section 567-1.11(6)(b)

has

no explicit

ceilings

on

the amount

of income obtained

from categorically approved

sales

that

do

not trigger

this exclusion

provision,

section 567-11.11

(9) provides

that regardless of IDNR approval

on

a case-by-case

or categorical

basis

it remains

the responsibility

of

a commissioner to ensure compliance

with

all applicable

laws

and

to avoid

both impropriety

and

the appearance

of impropriety.

IDNR

made

an implicit representation

in

its May

4, 2015 submission,

by incorporating

into the

SIP Iowa

Code section

68B

that requires

EPC members

to meet

all ofthe provisions

ofthe EPA's March

2, 1978 guidance

on conflict

of interest requirements.

While

Iowa

Code section

68B

does

not actually explicitly

mirror

the language

of EPA's

1978 guidance,

in light

of these statements

by IDNR

it would

at least present

the appearance

of impropriety,

if not

an actual impropriety,

for

a commissioner derive

a significant

portion

of income

from persons

or businesses

subject

to IDNR permits

or enforcement

orders

if doing

so would

mean

that

a majority

of members

do

so.

21 Second,

we note

that

the four conditions

of Iowa

Code section

68B.4

listed

above

must

each

be met.

The second condition

is particularly

relevant,

and provides

for

the condition

to

be met

in either

of two ways. The

first

way

is not applicable

to EPC commissioners,

because

the duties

of

an EPC commissioner

are clearly

related

to permits

and enforcement

orders. Therefore,

an EPC commissioner

must satisfy

the 21 EPA

does

not mean

to say

or imply

that there

is any impropriety

or appearance

of impropriety

on

the part

of any EPC member

if fewer

than

a majority

of the EPC derives

a significant

portion

of income

from persons

or businesses

subject

to IDNR permits

or enforcement

orders.

EPA anticipates

than

any EPC members

who

do

so

or who

are considering

doing

so will make appropriate

inquiries

of fellow members

or

of the EPC

chair

to determine

whether

the majority

point

has already been

or would

be reached.

18secondpartofthesecondcondition.Thispartisonlysatisfiedifthesellingorleasingofgoodsorservicesdoesnotaffecttheofficial'soremployee'sdutiesorfunctionsattheregulatoryagency.Thus,thisconditionaddressesoneoftheimplicitbutclearpurposesofCAAsection128(a)(1),whichistopreventincomederivedfrompartiessubjecttopermitsorenforcementordersfrominfluencingorappearingtoinfluencetheactionsofaboardmembersuchasanEPCcommissioner.Inaddition,thethirdlistedconditionprohibitsacommissionerfromreceivingcompensationforadvocatingbeforehisorherfellowcommissionersonbehalfofapartysubjecttopermitsorenforcementorders.Accordingly,EPAistodayproposingtoapprovetheMay11,2015,State'ssection110(a)(2)(E)(ii)submissionasmeetingtherequirementtoensurethattheSIPrequiresatleastamajorityofthemembersoftheEPCtonotderiveasignificantportionoftheirincomefrompartiessubjecttopermitsandenforcementorders,asrequiredbysection128(a)(1)oftheCAA.CAAsection128(a)(2),whichconcernsdisclosureofpotentialconflictsofinterest,issatisfiedbyIowaCodesections68B.2Aand688.35.Asdescribedabove,thesesectionsoftheIowaCodeapplytothemembersoftheEPC.Inaddition,section68B.2Aappliestoanypersonemployedbythestate,includingtheIDNRDirector,andsection688.35alsoappliestotheIDNRDirector.Assuch,Iowalawmeetstherequirementof128(a)(2)thatconflictsofinterestofboardmembersorheadsofanexecutiveagencywithsimilarpowersbeadequatelydisclosed.EPAnotesthat,separatefromtheState'ssubmittaldescribedabove,EPAreviewedalegalopinionissuedfromtheIowaAttorneyGeneralonNovember3,1993,regardingthelegalauthorityoflowalawstocarryouttheoperatingpermitsprogrampursuanttoTitleVoftheCAA.Amongotherthings,theopiniondiscussedwhetherIowalawsweresufficienttosatisfytherequirementsofsection128.TheAttorneyGeneralcertifiedthatIowaCodesection688.35(Personalfinancialdisclosure-certainofficials,membersofthegeneralassembly,andcandidates)satisfiestherequirementsofsection128(a)(2)oftheCAA,asitrequiresthatanypotentialconflictsofinterestbymembersoftheEPCortheheadofiDNRbeadequatelydisclosed.IowaCodesection688.35requiresthatthemembersoftheEPC,andthedirectoroftheIDNR,fileafinancialstatementlistingeachbusiness,occupation,orprofessioninwhichthepersonisengagedandthenatureofthat business,occupation,orprofession,andalistofsourcesofincomeforeachsourceproducingmore thanonethousanddollarsannuallyingrossincome.Thus,theAttorneyGeneralconcludedthatthefinancialstatementrequiredbyIowaCodesection688.35listspotentialconflictsofinterestandisconsistentwiththerequirementsofsection128(a)(2)oftheCAA.Inthe1993opinion,theAttorneyGeneralconcludedthat,whilethecertificationwasunnecessaryfortheapprovaloftheTitleVprogram,shewasunabletocertifythatthelawsoftheStateofIowaensuredthatamajorityofthemembersoftheEPCrepresentthepublicinterestanddonotderiveanysignificantportionoftheirincomefrompersonssubjecttopermitsorenforcementordersundertheirjurisdictionincompliancewithsection128(a)(1)oftheCAA.However,theAttorneyGeneralfocusedheropinionprimarilyonthe1986repealofformerIowaCodesection4558.104(5)22,andtheopiniondidnot22FormerIowaCode455B.l04(5)provided:"Themembersofthecommissionshallrepresentthepublicinterestandatleastamajorityofthecommissionmembershipshallnotderivemorethantenpercentoftheirincomefromanypersonsubjecttopermitsorenforcementordersunderthischapter.Apotentialconflictofinterestbyacommissionmembershallbeimmediatelydisclosedtothecommissionandthedepartment.Inthecaseofconflictofinterest,thecommissionmemberinvolvedshallimmediatelywithdrawfromconsiderationoftheissuanceofapermitorenforcementactionbythecommissionandshallnotexpressanopiniononthemattertoanyothercommissionmemberinvolvedintheconsiderationoftheissuanceofthepermitorenforcementaction.A"conflictofinterest"ariseswhenacommissionmemberreceivesdirectlyorindirectlypersonalincomefromapersonsubjecttopermitorenforcementactionpendingbeforethecommission."19reference

certain

other constitutional,

statutory,

and regulatory

provisions

that existed

at the time

of the letter,

and

that IDNR

has now submitted

in support

of

its SIP submission

with respect

to section 128(a)(1

). As explained

above,

EPA believes

that

the more recent analysis provided

by

the Department demonstrates

that these

other provisions

of Iowa

law submitted

for inclusion

in the

SIP

do adequately satisfy

the requirements

of section

128(

a)(

1 ). On May

20, 1994,

the Attorney

General provided

an updated

CAA

Title

V certification

that clarified that

the Attorney

General

did

not believe

that

the statutorily

prescribed composition

of the EPC

was

ipso facto inconsistent

with CAA section 128(a)(1),

but

that

she

was unable

to certify

at that time

that Iowa had sufficient

statutory provisions

that meet

the requirements

of CAA section

128(

a)(

1 ). Again,

the letter indicates

that

the Attorney

General

was basing

her opinion primarily

on

the 1986 repeal

of former Iowa

Code section 455B.104(5),

and

the opinion

did

not reference

other constitutional,

statutory,

and regulatory

provisions

that existed

at the time

of the letter

and

that IDNR

has now submitted

in support

of its SIP submission

with respect

to section 128(a)(1).

For

the reasons explained

in this notice

we believe that these

other

Iowa constitutional,

statutory,

and regulatory

provisions

satisfy

the requirements

of section 128(a)(1).

Both opinions

of the Attorney

General

are available

in the public

docket

for this proposed

action. In summary,

EPA believes

that Iowa's Constitution,

statutes,

and agency

rules

taken together

insure EPC commission

members

represent

the public interest

and prohibit commissioners

from receiving

a significant

portion

of their income

from persons

subject

to permits

or enforcement

orders.

In addition, all commission

members

and

the Director

of IDNR

are required

to adequately

disclose potential conflicts

of interest. (3) With respect

to assurances

that

the state

has responsibility

to adequately

implement

the

SIP when

it authorizes

local

or other agencies

to carry

out portions

of the plan,

this

is addressed in Iowa

Code 455B.l44,

"Local Control Program,"

455B.145, "Acceptance

ofLocal Program,"

and 4558.146,

"Civil Action

for Compliance-

Local Program Actions." IDNR delegated

the duties

for

the abatement,

control

and prevention

of

air pollution

to the Linn County Health Department

Air Quality Division

and

the Polk County

Board

of Health,

Air Quality Division,

for each ofthe respective

counties

in 1989

(54

FR 33526,

August

15, 1989,

and

54 FR 33528,

August

15, 1989, respectively).

This authority

is not

to be construed

to limit

the power

of the IDNR director

to issue

state permits

or

to take other actions necessary

for

the continued

proper administration

of the

air pollution

programs

. IDNR

and

the Linn

and Polk County

local

air programs

annually

negotiate

and

sign comprehensive letters

of agreement

or contracts

with IDNR. Program emphasis

is placed

on

the collection

and assessment

of information

regarding

air quality, permitting

of sources

of

air emissions, enforcement

of emission

limits,

and

the attainment

and maintenance

of ambient

air quality standards.

With regard

to PSD permits,

local programs

can draft permits,

but IDNR retains

the authority

to issue

PSD permits. Funding

for activities

in the scope

of work under

each

of the local contracts

is paid

for

by

a portion

of the IDNR's

EPA grants

under sections

103

and

105

of the CAA

and Title

V fees.

The

Linn County

and Polk County

local

air programs

regularly

submit

SIP revisions

to IDNR,

and IDNR reviews

and submits to EPA

so local

air quality

rules

are

as stringent

as the IDNR

SIP,

and therefore federally-approved. IDNR conducts

biennial

local

air program

reviews

and provides

copies

to EPA Region

7. 20Based

upon review

of the state's infrastructure

SIP submission

for

the 2008

Pb NAAQS

and relevant statutory

and regulatory

authorities

and provisions

referenced

in the submission

or referenced

in Iowa's SIP,

EPA believes

that Iowa

has

the adequately

addressed

the requirements

of section

11

0( a)(2)(E)

for the 2008

Pb NAAQS

and

is proposing

to approve

this element

of the November

4, 2011 submission. (F) Stationary

source monitoring

system:

Section

11 O(a)(2)(F)

requires

states

to establish a system

to monitor emissions

from stationary

sources

and

to submit periodic

emission

reports.

Each

SIP shall require

the installation, maintenance,

and replacement

of equipment,

and

the implementation

of other necessary

steps,

by owners

or operators

of stationary

sources,

to monitor emissions

from

such sources.

The

SIP shall

also require periodic

reports

on

the nature

and amounts

of emissions

and emissions-related

data from

such sources,

and requires

that

the state correlate the

source

reports

with emission limitations

or standards established

under

the CAA.

These reports

must

be made available

for public inspection

at reasonable

times. The federally-approved

SIP,

567

lAC Chapter

25- "Measurement

of Emissions,"

provides

detailed requirements

for owners

or operators

of stationary

sources

to monitor emissions.

Stack testing observation

(Iowa

Code 455B.134(

4) "Director--

Duties- Limitations")

ensures

the quality

of emissions

data

and uses

the data

to determine compliance

with emission

limits.

The

data quality

may

be assured

through

field

test audits

and reviewing

test reports

by IDNR personnel.

The

field audits consist of making

sure

the correct methodology

is followed,

approving

on-site variations,

ensuring

the tested emission

source

is operating

in

an acceptable

manner,

and answering

questions

posed

by

the testing group

and

the facility.

The report review

verifies

the

test results

by checking

the calculations

and

lab analysis.

A stack

test summary

is generated

and

the compliance

status

of the emission

point

is determined. IDNR

also receives

and reviews

annual compliance

certification

and semi-annual

monitoring

reports required

under

the Title

V program

(Iowa

Code 4558.133(8),

567

lAC Chapter

22

- "Controlling Pollution".)

Information

collected

through emission inventories

are submitted

to EPA

in accordance with

the Federal

Air Emissions

Reporting

rule. IDNR

uses

this information

to track progress

towards maintaining

the NAAQS, developing

control

and maintenance

strategies, identifying

sources

and general emission

levels,

and determining

compliance with emission regulations

and additional

EPA requirements

. The reports

are available

to the public

at the IDNR's

Records

Center

during

normal business

hours

with some reports available electronically. Based

upon review

of the state's infrastructure

SIP submission

for

the 2008

Pb NAAQS,

and relevant statutory

and regulatory

authorities

and provisions

referenced

in the submission

or referenced

in Iowa's SIP,

EPA believes

that Iowa

has adequately

addressed

the requirements

of section

11 O(a)(2)(F)

for

the 2008

Pb NAAQS

and

is proposing

to approve

this element

of the November

4, 2011, submission. (G) Emergency

authority

: Section 110(a)(2)(G)

requires

SIPs

to provide

for authority

to address activities

causing imminent

and substantial endangerment

to public

health

or welfare

or the environment (comparable

to the authorities

provided

in section

303

of the CAA),

and

to include contingency

plans

to implement such

authorities

as necessary.

21

# The IDNR Director

has

the authority

to issue

an emergency

order

if any person

is causing

air pollution which requires immediate

action

to protect

public

health

and safety

(Iowa

Code 4558.139, "Emergency Orders.") Administrative

rules

(567

lAC Chapter

26- "Prevention

of Air Pollution Episodes")

have been developed

to prevent

the excessive

buildup

of

air contaminants

and have

been previously

approved into

the SIP. Federally-approved

567- Chapter

26 includes

guidance

criteria

for pollutant

levels

and control strategies

for alerts (Table

III), warnings

(Table

N),



# and emergencies

(Table

V). Based

on EPA's experience

to date

with

the

Pb NAAQS

and designated

Ph nonattainment

areas,

EPA expects

that

an emergency

event involving

Pb would

be unlikely,

and

if

it were

to occur,

would

be

the result

of

a malfunction

or other emergency

situation

at

a relatively

large source

ofPb. Accordingly,

EPA believes

that

the central components

of

a contingency

plan would

be

to reduce emissions

from

the source

at issue

(if necessary,

by curtailing operations)

and providing

public communication

as needed. Based

upon review

of the state's infrastructure

SIP submission

for

the 2008

Pb NAAQS,

and relevant statutory

and regulatory

authorities

and provisions

referenced

in that submission

or referenced

in Iowa's SIP,

EPA believes

that

the Iowa

SIP adequately

addresses

the requirements

of section

11 O(a)(2)(G)

for the 2008

Pb NAAQS

and

is proposing

to approve

this element

of the November

4, 2011, submission. 

# (H)

Future

SIP revisions:

Section

11 O(a)(2)(H)

requires

states

to have

the authority

to revise

their SIPs

in response

to changes

in the NAAQS, availability

of improved

methods

for attaining

the NAAQS, or

in response

to

an EPA finding

that

the

SIP

is substantially

inadequate

to attain

the NAAQS. As previously

discussed,

Iowa

Code 4558.132 "Executive

Agency," designates

IDNR

as the Agency

to prevent,

abate,

or control

air pollution.

The

EPC

is the governing commission

of the environmental services

portion

of IDNR

(Iowa

Code 455A.6 "Environmental

protection commission-

appointment and duties"). The

EPC

has

the duty

and authority

to develop

plans

for abatement,

control

and prevention

of

air pollution,

which includes

emission

limits

and schedules

for compliance.

As outlined

in Iowa

Code 4558.133

"Duties"

1-4,

the EPC

also adopts, amends,

or repeals emission

limits relating

to the maximum

quantities

of

air contaminants

that may

be emitted

from

an

air contaminant

source. IDNR

is required

to adopt,

amend

or repeal

rules pertaining

to the evaluation,

abatement,

control

and prevention

of

air pollution

which

may

be necessary

to ensure

that Iowa complies

with section

110

of the CAA

(Iowa

Code 455B.133

"Duties"

(2)).

This includes

a requirement

to revise

rules

as necessary

to respond

to

a revised NAAQS

and

to respond

to EPA findings

of substantial inadequacy. In accordance

with

the Director's

duties,

Iowa

Code 4558.134 "Director-

Duties- Limitations," meetings

are

to

be convened

no later

than

June

1 during

the second calendar

year following

the adoption of new

or revised NAAQS

by

the EPA,

to review emission limitations

or standards

relating

to the maximum

quantities

of

air contaminants

that

may

be emitted

from

any

air contaminant

source

as provided

in section

Iowa

Code 455B.133

"Duties", subsection

4. IDNR

has traditionally

requested stakeholder

input

when implementing

a new

or revised NAAQS.

This approach

was codified

in 2010

in Iowa

Code 455B.l34 "Director-

Duties- Limitations"

(14), which instructs

the DNR

to convene meetings

to review emission limitations

or standards

relating

to the maximum

quantities

of

a pollutant

that

can

be emitted

from

a source. 22ByNovember1ofthesamecalendaryear,IDNRsubmitsareporttothegovernorandthegeneralassemblyregardingrecommendationsforlawchangesnecessaryfortheattainmentoftheneworrevisedNAAQS.IDNRactsaccordinglyontheIowalegislaturerecommendations.Baseduponreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008PhNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievesthatIowahasadequatelyaddressedtherequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(H)forthe2008PbNAAQSandisproposingtoapprovethiselementoftheNovember4,2011,submission.(I)Nonattainmentareas:Section11O(a)(2)(I)requiresthatinthecaseofaplanorplanrevisionforareasdesignatedasnonattainmentareas,statesmustmeetapplicablerequirementsofpartDoftheCAA,relatingtoSIPrequirementsfordesignatednonattainmentareas.Asnotedearlier,EPAdoesnotexpectinfrastructureSIPsubmissionstoaddresssubsection(1).ThespecificSIPsubmissionsfordesignatednonattainmentareas,asrequiredunderCAAtitleI,partD,aresubjecttodifferentsubmissionschedulesthanthoseforsection110infrastructureelements.Instead,EPAwilltakeactiononpartDattainmentplanSIPsubmissionsthroughaseparaterulemakinggovernedbytherequirementsfornonattainmentareas,asdescribedinpartD.(J)Consultationwithgovernmentofficials,publicnotification,PSDandvisibilityprotection:Section110(a)(2)(J)requiresSIPstomeettheapplicablerequirementsofthefollowingCAAprovisions:(1)section121,relatingtointeragencyconsultationregardingcertainCAArequirements;(2)section127,relatingtopublicnotificationofNAAQSexceedancesandrelatedissues;and(3)partCofthe·CAA,relatingtopreventionofsignificantdeteriorationofairqualityandvisibilityprotection.(1)Withrespecttointeragencyconsultation,theSIPshouldprovideaprocessforconsultationwithgeneral-purposelocalgovernments,designatedorganizationsofelectedofficialsoflocalgovernments,andanyFederalLandManagerhavingauthorityoverfederallandtowhichtheSIPapplies.IDNRhasthedutyandauthorityandresourcestomeettherequirementsofsection121includingconsultationforcontrols,airqualitymaintenanceplanrequirements,orpreconstructionreview.IDNRisalsorequiredtoprovideasatisfactoryprocessofconsultationwithlocalgovernment,designatedorganizationsofelectedofficialsoflocalgovernmentssuchascouncilofgovernments,andapplicablefederallandmanagerstocarryouttheconsultationrequirementsofsection121(455B.133(1,4)).IDNRholdsquarterlyairqualityclientcontactmeetingstofocusoncurrentandupcomingairprogramissuesandchangestomeettheserequirements.Themeetingsprovideanopenforumforstakeholdersandthegeneralpublictodiscussnewstateandfederalairqualityrulesorairprogramdevelopmentsandareagoodsourceofinformationforanyonewhoworkswithorhasaninterestinactivitiesrelatedtoairquality.·TheIDNR'sEnvironmentalServicesDivision(ESD)holdsamonthlyclientcontactgroupmeetingpriortotheEPCmeetings.TheESDclientcontactgroupisanopenforumtodiscussissuesrelatedtoallofthedepartment'senvironmentalprograms.23(2)Withregardtosection127oftheCAA,"PublicNotification,"IDNRhastheduty,authority,andresourcestomeettherequirementsofthissectiontonotifythepublicregardingexceedancesoftheNAAQSwhichincludepublicawarenessmeasureswhichcanbetakentopreventexceedances(4558.133"Duties"(2),4558.134"Director-Duties-Limitations"(7)).Through4558.133(2)and4558.134(7),Iowahastheauthoritytoaddressemergencyepisodes,containsprovisionsforpublicnotificationofelevatedPM2.sandotherairpollutantlevels,andmeasureswhichcanbetakenbythepublictoreduceconcentrations.Inaddition,informationregardingairpollutionandrelatedissues,isprovidedonanIDNRwebsite,http://www.iowadnr.gov/InsideDNR/RegulatoryAir/MonitoringAmbientAir.aspx(3)WithregardtoconsultationwithregardtoPSDandvisibilityprotection,IDNRprovidesacopyofaPSDpermittoEPApriortothestartofthepubliccommentprocess.PublicnotificationsofproposedPSDprojectsarepublishedintheDesMoinesRegister'sLegalPublicationsandinthelegalpublicationsectionofthenewspaperwiththelargestcirculationintheareaofthePSDsource.Thenotificationcontainsthenoticeofapplication;preliminarydetermination;degreeofincrementconsumption;opportunityforcommentatapublichearingaswellaswrittencomment.Acopyofthenoticeofpubliccommentsisthensenttotheapplicant;theregionalEPAoffice,theIDNRFieldOffices;andofficialsandagencieshavinganinterestintheproposedconstruction.Examplesofsuchofficialsandagenciesincludebutarenotlimitedtothefollowing:chiefexecutivesofthecityandcounty(i.e.,mayor,cityadministrator,boardofsupervisors,healthdepartment);anycomprehensiveregionallanduseplanningagency;stateorfederallandmanagerandanyIndiangoverningbodywhoselandsmaybeaffectedbytheemissionsfromthesourceormodification(567lACChapter33.3(17)-"SpecialRegulationsandConstructionPermitRequirementsforMajorStationarySources-PreventionofSignificantDeterioration(PSD)ofAirQuality.")Baseduponreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008PhNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievesthatIowahasadequatelyaddressedtherequirementsofsection110(a)(2)(J)forthe2008PhNAAQSinthestateandisthereforeproposingtoapprovethiselementoftheNovember4,2011,submission.(K)Airqualityandmodeling/data:Section11O(a)(2)(K)requiresthatSIPsprovideforperformingairqualitymodeling,asprescribedbyEPA,topredicttheeffectsonambientairqualityofanyemissionsofanyNAAQSpollutant,andforsubmissionofsuchdatatoEPAuponrequest.TheIDNRhastheauthoritytoconductairdispersionmodelingtocompleteambientairimpactanalyses(IowaCode455B.133"AirContaminantSourceFundCreated"(1-2)).Airdispersionmodelinganalysesareusedtopredictgroundlevelambientairconcentrationsofpollutantsandcomparethoselevelstoambientairqualitystandards.Aspreviouslydiscussed,IDNRisprohibitedfromissuingapermitiftheprojectwouldresultinviolationofemissionlimitsorotherprovisionsinthefederally-approvedSIP.24Airdispersionmodelingallowstheimpactsofthepollutionfromaproposedairpollutionsourcetobedeterminedbeforeasourceisconstructedormodified.TheairdispersionmodelingisconductedwithanEPA-approvedmodelthatusesmathematicalformulationsandinformationaboutthesourceemissionsalongwiththelocalterrainandmeteorologicaldatatopredictpollutantconcentrationsatlocationsselectedbytheuser.ModelingisconductedinaccordancewithDepartment'smodelingguidelinesandwithAppendixWof40CFRPart51.IDNRhastheauthoritytocollectionandreportdatatoEPA,uponrequest(IowaCode455B.134"Director-Duties-Limitations"(5,7)).Baseduponreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008PbNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievesthatIowahasadequatelyaddressedtherequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(K)forthe2008PbNAAQSandisproposingtoapprovethiselementoftheNovember4,2011,submission.(L)PermittingFees:Section110(a)(2)(L)requiresSIPstorequireeachmajorstationarysourcetopaypermittingfeestothepermittingauthority,asaconditionofanypermitrequiredundertheCAA,tocoverthecostofreviewingandactinguponanyapplicationforsuchapermit,and,ifthepermitisissued,thecostsofimplementingandenforcingthetermsofthepermit.ThefeerequirementappliesuntilafeeprogramestablishedbythestatepursuanttoTitleVoftheCAA,relatingtooperatingpermits,isapprovedbyEPA.TheTitleVprogramrequirespermitholderstopayafeesufficienttocoverallreasonabledirectandindirectcostsrequiredtodevelopandadministertheTitleVprogramrequirements(42U.S.C.7661a).TheCAA(Section502(b)(3)(A))andtheCodeofFederalRegulations(40CFR79.0)outlinesexpectedTitleVprogramactivitiesandallowsstatessomeflexibilityinhowtheydesigntheirTitleVprogramsandfeeschedules.IDNRusestheEPAguidance,"MatrixofTitleV-RelatedandAirGrantEligibleActivities"todeterminewhichprogramactivitiesarenecessaryforthedevelopmentandimplementationofaTitleVoperatingpermitprogram(IowaCode455B.133"Duties"(8)).InIowa,theTitleVfeeiscurrentlybasedonthefirst4,000chargeabletonsofeachregulatedairpollutantemittedeachyearfromeachmajorstationarysource.Nofeesarepaidforemissionsinexcessof4,000tonsofeachregulatedairpollutant oroncarbonmonoxideemissions.Feesaredepositedintotheaircontaminantsourcefund(IowaCode455B.133B"AirContaminantSourceFundCreated.")EachMarch,theIDNRpresentsanestimatedorproposedbudgettocoverthereasonablecostofadministeringtheTitleVprogram,totheEPC.EachMay,theEPCsetstheTitleVfee.TheIDNRcalculatestheTitleVfeebydividingtheestimatedbudgetfortheupcomingstatefiscalyearbythechargeableemissionsasreportedbyfacilitieseachMarch31.TheannualfeemustbesetatorbelowthemaximumTitleVfee,whichcanbechangedthroughadministrativerulemaking(567lACChapter22.106(1)-"TitleVPermitFees.")Baseduponreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008PbNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievesthatIowahasadequatelyaddressedtherequirementsofsection110(a)(2)(L)andisproposingtoapprovethisoftheNovember4,2011,submission.25(M)Consultation/participationbyaffectedlocalentities:Section11O(a)(2)(M)requiresSIPstoprovideforconsultationandparticipationbylocalpoliticalsubdivisionsaffectedbytheSIP.IDNRhasdelegatedauthoritytoLinnCountyHealthDepartmentAirQualityDivisionandthePolkCountyPublicWorksAirQualityDivision(localprograms)toconductprogramsfortheabatement,control,andpreventionofairpollutionintheirrespectivecounty(IowaCode455B.144"LocalControlProgram,"455B.145"AcceptanceofLocalProgram,"and455B.146"CivilActionforComplianceLocalProgram.")Thelocalprogramsarerequiredtomeetalltherequirementsof567lACChapter27-"CertificateofAcceptance"tokeeptheirstatus.Thelocalprogramsissuepermits,performcomplianceinspections,respondtoairqualitycomplaints,andmaintainanetworkofmonitorsforambientairineachrespectivecounty.Thelocalprogramshaveadoptedairqualityordinancesfortheirareasofjurisdictiontoimplementfederal,state,andlocalairpollutioncontrolrequirements.Theordinancescannotbelessstringentthanfederalorstatestandards;however,theycanbemorestringent.TheordinancesareincorporatedintotheSIPinthesamemannerthatthelACisincorporatedintheSIP.LocalprogramrulemakingsarealsopublishedontheIDNR'swebsiteandtheIowaAdministrativeBulletin.EachyearIDNRnegotiatesanagreementtopassthroughfederalfundsandprovideTitleVfundssufficienttoimplementtheprograms.Revenuefromlocalfeesystemsprovidesadditionalfundingandrequiredmatchtoaportionofthepassthroughfederalfunds.ThecontractsareapprovedbytheEPCforeachnewstatefiscalyear.IDNRconductsperiodicauditstoensurethelocalprogramsaremeetingallrequirementsofthecontract.BoththeIDNRandthelocalprograms'administrativeprocessesprovideapubliccommentperiod.Thecommentperiodprovidesanopportunityforthepublicandotherlocalpoliticalsubdivisionsthatmaybeaffectedbytheplantocomment.IDNRfrequentlyholdspublicmeetings,likethequarterlyairqualityclientcontactmeetings,ofwhichlocalprogramsparticipate.Theopenforumallowsallstakeholdersandthegeneralpublictodialogueonavarietyoftopics.TheIDNRalsocommunicatesusingpressreleases,onlinereportsandlistserves.Baseduponreviewofthestate'sinfrastructureSIPsubmissionforthe2008PbNAAQS,andrelevantstatutoryandregulatoryauthoritiesandprovisionsreferencedinthesubmissionorreferencedinIowa'sSIP,EPAbelievesthatIowahasadequatelyaddressedtherequirementsofsection11O(a)(2)(M)forthe2008PbNAAQSandisproposingtoapprovethiselementoftheNovember4,2011,submission.26ConclusionAfterreviewingtheNovember4,2011,andMay4,2015submissionsfromtheIDNR,Iamproposingtoapprovebothactionsasappliedtoallelementsofsection110(a)(2)withtheexceptionof(I)"NonattainmentAreas"whichwillbeaddressed,asappropriate,inaseparateSIPsubmittal.Submission1:RecordofRulemakingIowaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesSeptember16,2011(alsopostedontheStateoflowa'sNoticeofIntendedActionPublicEventsCalendaronSeptember19,2011)PublicHearingOctober11,2011EffectivedateofregulationsOctober31,2011RulepackagereceivedbyEPANovember4,2011CompletenessdeterminationMay4,2012Submission2:RecordofRulemakingIowaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesNoticeofIntendedActionApril2,2015PublicHearingMay1,2015EffectivedateofregulationsMay1,2015RulepackagereceivedbyEPAMay4,2015(electronicoriginaldocuments)CompletenessdeterminationMay6,2015RulepackagereceivedbyEPAMay11,2015(hardcopy)27