V-B LLC

General

Operations Manual
Version 1 P a g e | 1 19 March 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 PART A

1.1. GENERAL

1.1.1. Company Operations..................................................................... ...7

1.1.2 Organisation Structure.......................................................................7

 1.1.3 Responsibilities of Company Personnel.................................................. 7

1.1.4. Metric and Imperial Units Conversion Table...........................................9

1.1.6. Alcohol and Drug usage.....................................................................9

1.1.7. Security - Systems and Physical..........................................................9

1.2. REMOTE CREW ADMINISTRATION

1.2.1. Remote CrewQualifications...............................................................10

1.2.2. Remotely Piloted Aircraft Flight Authorisations and Flight Records...... 10

1.2.3. CurrencyRequirements.....................................................................10

1.2.4. Duty and Flight TimeLimitations..........................................................10

1.3. REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION

1.3.1. Method of Recording Hours in Service and Unserviceability................... ..11

1.3.2. Persons Permitted to Operate Remotely Piloted System Controls............. 11

1.3.3. Authority for Maintenance..................................................................11

1.3.4. Dangerous Goods........................................................................ ...11

1.3.5. WeatherProtection............................................................................11

1.4. FLIGHT CONDUCT

1.4.1. Non-Companyvisitors.......................................................................12

1.4.2. Hand Over/Take over Procedures.......................................................12

1.4.3. Remote Pilot Briefing including Emergency Procedures...........................12

1.4.4. Use of Check Sheets........................................................................12

2 PART B

2.1 OPERATING THE REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEM

2.1.1 Specific Aircraft Operating Procedures...............................................13

2.1.2 Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems Technical Data/System Specifications.13

2.1.3 Normal Procedures.........................................................................13

2.1.4 Pre-Flight Procedures.....................................................................13

2.1.5 Fuel/Battery Documentation..............................................................14

2.1.6 Aircraft TestFlights.........................................................................14

3 PART C

3.1 INTERNAL TRAINING

3.1.1 Reserved.................................................................................. 15

4 PART D

4.1 OPERATIONS

4.1.1 Feasibility Check and Job Safety Assessment....................................16

4.1.2 Accident/Incident Reporting.............................................................17
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4.1.3 Types of Operations...................................................................... 18

5 PART E

5.1 REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TRAINING SCHOOL OPERATIONS 

5.1.1 Reserved......................................................................................19
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0 PREFACE

1.1 COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENT

The instructions, procedures and information contained in this manual have been devised to 

ensure safety and standardization in the conduct of operations. They are to be observed byall 

operating personnel. Personnel are also reminded of their obligation to comply with the FAA 

Regulations and Orders and such directives.

Nothing in this manual takes precedence over FAA regulation or permits unsafe operation

Where in the light of operating experience, errors are found in the manual or deficiencies in the

manner in which operations are conducted, recommendations for amendment action shall be

submitted to the PIC.
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1.2 SIGNATURE SHEET

 All personnel employed or contracted by this organization must sign this sheet as

evidence of having read, understood and agreed to apply the procedures and data 

contained in this Operations Manual.

 If this manual is reissued or revised they must resign, acknowledging review of the

revision.

Printed 

Name Signature Date Printed Name Signature Date
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1.3 ABBREVIATIONS, ACCRONYMS AND DEFINITIONS

AA Area Approval

AC Advisory Circular

AGL Above Ground Level

AIP Aeronautical Information Package

ATC Air Traffic Control

ATM Air Traffic Management

FAA Federal Aviation Authority

DAMP Drug and Alcohol ManagementPlan

ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization

IAW In accordance with

NM Nautical Miles

 PIC Pilot in Command

RPA Remotely Piloted Aircraft

RPAS Remotely Piloted Aircraft System

TSI Transport Safety Investigation Act 2013

UA Unmanned Aircraft

UAS Unmanned Aircraft System(s)

UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

UOC UAV Operators Certificate

VLOS Visual Line of Sight

VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions

You may add your own if needed
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1 PART A

1.1 GENERAL

1.1.1 COMPANY OPERATIONS

All aerial operations using remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) will be conducted in accordancewith 

(IAW) the conditions and limitations placed on the UAV Operators by FAA regulations.

1.1.2 ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

Amend as appropriate

1.1.3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMPANY PERSONNEL

CEO/Director

The CEO/Director has the overall responsibility for the company’s business performance and

compliance. They will provide the necessary resources so that all operations andmaintenance 

can be conducted to meet company obligations, goals and objectives.
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Pilot in Command

The Pilot in Command is the person appointed by the operator, approved by the FAA and is

responsible for all remote pilot training and operational matters affecting the safety of theUOC

holder’s operation.

The role and responsibilities of the Pilot in Command are:

a) ensuring that the operator’s air operations are conducted in compliance with 

Regulations,

b) maintaining a record of qualifications held by each remote pilot (RP),

c) monitoring operational standards, supervising and training RP

employed by the operator,

d) maintaining a complete and up-to-date reference library of operational documents as

required by the FAA for the class of operations conducted; and

e) being the point of contact between the operating company and FAA.

Maintenance Controller

The Maintenance Controller is the person appointed by the operator, approved by the FAA and

is responsible for ensuring the maintenance of company Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems 

(RPAS) in accordance with the manufacturer specifications.

The role and responsibilities of the Maintenance Controller are:

a) control all company RPAS maintenance, either scheduled or unscheduled;

b) ensure personnel performing maintenance on the RPAS are competent. The 

Maintenance Controller must keep a record of personnel permitted to perform 

maintenance. The company may choose to keep a record of qualifications;

c) develop, enforce and monitor RPAS maintenance standards,

d) maintain a record of RPAS unserviceability’s,

e) ensure that specialist equipment items are serviceable,

f) maintain a thorough technical knowledge of the company RPAS,

g) ensure maintenance activities are conducted in accordance with the procedures

specified in the Maintenance Manual; and

h) Investigate all defects in the RPAS.

Note: depending on your organisation, other responsibilities may also be required to be added to this list

Controller/Remote Pilot in Command

The controller/Remote Pilot in command of the aircraft is responsiblefor:

a) conduct of flight – start to end; and

b) safe operation of the aircraft.
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1.1.4 METRIC AND IMPERIAL UNITS

This manual makes reference to both imperial and metric units. See conversion tableat

Appendix two.

1.1.5 DRUG AND ALCOHOL MANAGEMENT PLAN

As a ‘safety sensitive aviation activity,’ personnel could be randomly tested for alcohol andother 

drugs.

1.1.6 SECURITY - SYSTEMS AND PHYSICAL

Reasonable steps must be taken to prevent sabotage and vandalism to the RPAS.

You may choose to develop your own privacy procedures independent of this document

OH & S

You may need to consider your organisations OH&S independent of this document
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1.2 REMOTE CREW ADMINISTRATION

1.2.1 REMOTE CREW QUALIFICATIONS

All controllers must have an FAA issued Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Controllers 

Certificate/Remote Pilot Certificate. Pilot in Command is responsible to ensure anyremote crew 

including the controllers are competent.

.

1.2.2 REMOTE PILOT RECORDS

Individual Controllers/Remote Pilots are responsible for their own Remotely PilotedAircraft 

(RPA) log book.

Individual remote pilots are required to carry their own Controller/Remote Pilot certificatewith 

them on operations.

1.2.3 REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT FLIGHT AUTHORISATIONS AND

FLIGHT RECORDS

If there is more than one controller each operation is to be authorized by the Pilot in Command. 

Flight authorization is at Appendix three.

1.2.4 RECENCY REQUIREMENTS

The Controller/Remote Pilot must have a minimum of three take offs and three landings ontype

within a 90 day period.

1.2.5 DUTY AND FLIGHT TIME LIMITATIONS

The Pilot in Command is responsible for the operational standards and supervision of the

remote pilots who are employed by the company.

RPs are responsible to ensure they do not fly while fatigued.
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1.3 REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION

1.3.1 METHOD OF RECORDING HOURS IN SERVICE AND

UNSERVICEABILITY

The UAV Operators Certificate (UOC) holder is responsible to ensure records are kept. The 

controller is responsible for ensuring hours and unserviceability are recorded, refer toAppendix 

four.

1.3.2 PERSONS PERMITTED TO OPERATE REMOTELY PILOTED SYSTEM

CONTROLS

Persons cannot operate the controls commercially unless they hold a validControllers 

Certificate/Remote Pilots Certificate and have been authorized by the Pilot in Command.

1.3.3 AUTHORITY FOR MAINTENANCE

Only people authorized by the Maintenance Controller can perform maintenance. The

Maintenance Controller is responsible for keeping records of personnel that mayperform 

maintenance.

1.3.4 DANGEROUS GOODS

The carriage of dangerous goods is not permitted.

Parts of the RPAS may be classified as dangerous goods during transportation.

1.3.5 WEATHER PROTECTION

The UOC holder is responsible to ensure appropriate weather protection is provided toavoid 

unserviceability of the RPAS.
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1.4 FLIGHT CONDUCT

1.4.1 NON-COMPANY VISITORS

Non-company visitors must not come within 30 meters of the RPA during operation.The

Controller/Remote Pilot must provide a safety briefing.

1.4.2 HAND OVER/TAKE OVER PROCEDURES

A hand over take over procedure is required, when there are two controllers, to positively 

identify an action and ensure it is understood by the participants.

1.4.3 REMOTE PILOT BRIEFING INCLUDING EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

To ensure co-ordination in a multi crew environment a briefing must be conducted prior tothe

commencement of any operation. Refer to Appendix five.

1.4.4 USE OF CHECK SHEETS

Company supplied checklists must be used.
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2 PART B

2.1 OPERATING THE REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEM

2.1.1 SPECIFIC AIRCRAFT OPERATING PROCEDURES

The aircraft will be operated in accordance with the manufacturers operating instructionswhich 

are considered to be part of the Flight Manual. Company initiated variation to the Flight Manual

will require supplementary documentation.

2.1.2 REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS

TECHNICAL DATA/SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

See accompanying operators manual

2.1.3 NORMAL PROCEDURES

It is considered a good safety practice for operators to utilize check lists/sheets specific totheir 

RPA referring to the Flight Manual. Company supplied checklists must to be used.

2.1.4 PRE-FLIGHT PROCEDURES

Pre-flight and post flight checks are mandated. It is the Controller/Remote Pilot’s responsibility 

to ensure the aircraft is airworthy prior to any flight. Refer to Flight Manual for pre and post

flight procedure checklist. See accompanying documents for pre and post flight procedures.

2.1.5 FUEL/BATTERY DOCUMENTATION

Manufacturer’s instructions for correct fuel specification and/or follow manufacturers’ battery 

documentation especially relating to charge/discharge rates must befollowed.

Battery conditions are to be monitored.

Note Lipo batteries may be considered dangerous goods for transport purposes.

2.1.6 AIRCRAFT TEST FLIGHTS

When completion of maintenance requires a test flight, the person completing themaintenance 

is responsible to ensure a satisfactory test flight is completed. The Maintenance Controller is 

responsible to ensure this happens.

Guidance

Example RPAS technical data/system specification

Example Pre-flight procedures

Example Post-flight procedures
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3 PART C

3.1 INTERNAL TRAINING

3.1.1 RESERVED

Induction

The Pilot in Command is responsible for inducting and recording training of all controllers/Remote Pilots.

If your organization intends to provide type training, this manual template may not be appropriate as you

will need to consider the following. Further costs will apply

Functionality and start-up of systems

 Description of all common components

 Handling of system

 Handling of rechargeable batteries

 Description and inspection of machine and all of its related parts

 Construction and deconstruction of the system

 Detailed explanations on the use of the transmitter and operating frequencies, limitations thereof

 Use of any other operating software, such as ground station software, firmware update software

etc.

 Flight controls and associated flight theory

 Maintenance and inspection training

 Problem solving, fault analyze

 Pre and Post flight related matters

 Safety and risk management

Flight Exercises

 Theory....flight

 Aircraft physical influences

 Downwash and ground effect

 Take-off and landing

 Practical flight exercises

 Pre and Post flight

 Safety

 land
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4 PART D

4.1 OPERATIONS

4.1.1 FEASIBILITY CHECK AND JOB SAFETY ASSESSMENT

Before a task can be carried out a feasibility check must be performed to ensure it is withinthe

scope of the UOC. The flow chart represents the process to be followed to determine if a task 

may proceed.

A numbered box indicates there are steps to consider. The corresponding steps are listed

below. A red box indicates the task cannot proceed.

1. Is it legal :

 Within all conditions listed in the schedule for the UOC

 Under 400 feet Above Ground Level (AGL)

 Outside Controlled airspace/restricted airspace

 Greater than 5 Nautical Miles (NM) from registered airspace

 Outside populous area

 More than 30metres from people not involved in operation

 Visual line of sight (VLOS)

 Day Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC)

 Not prohibited by any other State or Federal Regulation
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2. Perform a Job Safety Assessment

A Job Safety Assessment must be performed prior to conducting any task.

Note – A single task may consist of a number of flights

The Job Safety Assessment would normally be performed during the feasibility planning phase 

to determine if the flight is viable and validated on the day prior to the first flight. This iswhen

assumptions made during the initial Job Safety Assessment (such as forecast weather/wind,

location of persons etc.) are validated.

As a minimum the Job Safety Assessment must consider the following:

 Gathering the necessary maps and charts (either hard copy or electronic) for the area

 Determining the weather is suitable for the machine and the operation

 Reviewing the NOTAMs related to the operations area

 Possibility of person moving into the area of operation or landing area during flight

 footpath, or other rights of way

 Suitable take-off and landing areas (including alternate landing area)

 Ability to maintain 30m separation from the public

 Obstructions (Buildings Trees etc.)

 Possible radio interference (power lines, antennas etc.)

 Ability to maintain visual line of sight

 Controllers ability matches location/task

 Permission from land owner

 Privacy

 Local restrictions, by laws,

 Need for signage

Refer to checklist at Appendix six.

3. Would an Area Approval make it legal?

Inside controlled airspace however, outside 5 nm of airspace and not within theapproach and 

departure path for a runway of an airport.

4. Is it safe?

Complete the Risk Assessment Matrix at Appendix seven. Note - this will form part of anArea

Approval application

5. Apply for Area Approval:

Apply to FAA for an Area Approval

Proceed:

Validate the Job Safety Assessment if performed earlier. Commence job in accordance with the

UOC approval.

4.1.2 ACCIDENT/INCIDENT REPORTING

Accidents and serious incidents are required to be immediately notified to the ATSBin 

accordance with section 18 of the Transport Safety Investigation Act 2003.

Written notifications are required to be submitted within 72 hours of an accident, serious 

incident or incident in accordance with section 19 of the Transport Safety Investigation Act2003
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and Regulation 2.6 of the Transport Safety Investigation Regulations 2003. The written

notification should contain as much information about the accident, serious incident orincident

as is within the knowledge of the person at the time of submitting thenotification.

4.1.3 TYPES OF OPERATIONS

All operations must be carried out within the limitations and conditions in the schedule of the

UOC

The Controller must not cause anything to be dropped or discharged from an unmannedaircraft 

in any way that may create a hazard to another aircraft, person or property.

Tick as appropriate.

These operations may be subject to other State and Federal laws and must be compliedwith.

□ AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

□ AERIAL SPOTTING

□ AERIAL SURVEYING

Only tick boxes relevant to your operation. You will only be approved on operations you are able to

demonstrate at a practical assessment
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5 PART E

5.1 REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TRAINING SCHOOL 

OPERATIONS

5.1.1 RESERVED
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6.1 APPENDIX 1

COPY OF UAV OPERATORS CERTIFICATE

Attach a copy of your UOC behind this page
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6.2 APPENDIX 2

USEFUL CONVERSIONS

Single Unit Conversion Useful conversion

Distance

1 centimetres 0.3937 inch

1 inch 2.54 centimetre

1 Foot 30.5 centimetre 400 Feet 121.92

1 metre 39.37 inch

1 metre 3.28084 feet

1 Kilometre 0.62137 Miles

1 Kilometre 3280.8399 Feet

1 mile 1.61 kilometres

1 nautical

mile

1.85 kilometres 3 nautical

mile

5.556

Kilometres

1 nautical

mile

6080 Feet

Speed

1 kilometre 

per hour

.4971 Miles per

hour

1 kilometre 

per hour

0.27777 metre 

per second

1 mile per

hour (mph)

1.609 kilometres

per hour

1Metre per

Second

3.6 Kilometres

per hour

1Metre per

Second

1.9438 Knots

I Knot 0.514 Metre per 

Second

1 knot 1.150779448

miles per hour

Weight

1 kilogram 2.2 pounds 100

kilogram

220.462 pounds

150

kilogram

330.693 pounds

1 pound 0.45359273

Kilogram

1 ounce 28.34952312

grams (g)
Version 1 P a g e | 22 19 March 2014

6.3 APPENDIX 3

FLIGHT AUTHORISATION SHEET

Date: <insert> Location:

<insert>

Task: <insert> Aircraft: <insert>

Remote crew: Times:

PIC <name> Launch <sched. 

time>

<hours> Flight Notes: <freetext>

2RP <name> Recovery <sched. 

time>

<hours>

RPA observer <name>

Launch <sched. 

time>

<hours>

Recovery <sched. 

time>

<hours>

Launch <sched. 

time>

<hours>

Recovery <sched. 

time>

<hours> Job Site Assessment:

Est. Total

hours

Actual

Total 

hours

<hours>

Specific instructions:

Flight 

Authorisation

Chief 

Controller

Signed:

Remote 

Pilot

Signed:
Version 1 P a g e | 23 19 March 2014

6.4 APPENDIX 4

AIRCRAFT FLIGHT LOG AND MAINTENANCE RECORD

Aircraft Type_

Aircraft Serial Number

Date of Manufacturer

Aircraft identification Operator

Date Pilot Daily 

inspection

Post flight

inspection

Flight 

or

daily 

total

Serviceable 

Y/N

Defect 

number

Comment Total

Brought 

Forward

Page Number Carried 

forward
Version 1 P a g e | 24 19 March 2014

Defect 

Number

Description of defect or maintenance required Name 

Signature 

Date

Rectification Name 

Signature 

Date

Defect 

Number

Description of defect or maintenance required Name 

Signature 

Date

Rectification Name 

Signature 

Date

Defect 

Number

Description of defect or maintenance required Name 

Signature

Date

Rectification Name 

Signature 

Date
Version 1 P a g e | 25 19 March 2014

6.5 APPENDIX 5

Briefing

The following briefing is to be given by the controller to all crew members and observers. 

The controller is also responsible to ensure the emergency contact telephone numbers are 

to hand.

It is recommended this briefing be laminated, so contact numbers etc. can be written on during the

planning stages of the mission

Action 

Overview of the mission as planned

Any specific tasking for crew member. EG. person tasked with observing for people 

straying into the area of operation

Possible issues and identification of hazards associated with the missionincluding

planned action

How the controller will communicate any problem and/or subsequent action

Identification of alternate landing area

Identification of a safe zone

Action following an incident

Notes/comments specific to mission

Emergency contact numbers

Any additional requirements for this operation must be added
Version 1 P a g e | 26 19 March 2014

6.6 APPENDIX 6

JOB SAFETY ASSESSMENT

Company ABC Aerial Photography Date Thursday, 18 July 2013

Task

Real Estate Shots

Location Check the following and address as needed

Sketch of area (if necessary) Maps and charts available and checked 

Weather, within limits for machine and

operation



NOTAMs 

Possibility of public moving into area 

Footpath/right of way 

Landing area including alternate 

Ability to maintain 30M of public 

Obstructions (buildings Trees) 

Possible interference (Powerlines/antennas) 

Ability to maintain visual line of sight 

Controllers ability matches location/task 

Permission of any landowners 

Privacy 

Local restrictions, by laws 

Need for signage 

Area to add any additional

Pilot Biggles Signature

Crew Customer as observer

Comments- No Public access to site, customer was observer
Version 1 P a g e | 27 19 March 2014

6.7 APPENDIX SEVEN

RISK ASSESSMENT

Overview

The evaluation of risk is the process known as “RiskAssessment”. 

The UAS Controller should perform this assessment.

The Risk Assessment should be performed during the feasibility planning phase to 

determine if the flight is viable, refer Part D Section 1. It should then be validated on theday

prior to the flight. Any assumptions made during the initial Risk Assessment (such as 

forecast weather/wind, location of persons etc.) should be confirmed.

The Risk Assessment involves calculating a risk factor based on both the severity of any

undesired outcome and the likelihood of that outcome. Where the risk factor isunacceptably 

high a mitigating factor or control measure is needed to reduce the likelihood or

consequence to manage the risk back to an acceptable level/factor. Even if the risk is 

acceptable you should consider any factor that could be applied to reduce the riskfurther.

Determining the Risk

A detailed diagram of the site (Google maps may also be used) and the RiskAssessment 

Tool Prompt Sheet are used to identify possible risks. These risks are recorded on theRisk 

Calculation Sheet.

Next the score for both the likelihood and consequence is determined using the RiskScore 

Table below and the scores are entered on the Risk Calculation Sheet. The Risk factor is 

then calculated by multiplying these two scores.

Note - other elements such as local by Laws etc. which may prevent the flight should also be

considered.

Risk Management

The calculated Risk Factor for each identified risk is thenreviewed

Where the risk factor is unacceptably high a mitigating factor or control measure is needed

to reduce the likelihood or consequence to manage the risk to an acceptable level/factor. 

Multiple control measures may be needed to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. Evenif 

the risk is acceptable you should consider any factor that could be applied to reduce therisk 

further.

The control measure is recorded on the Risk Calculation Sheet and a new RiskFactor

calculated.

Note – The risk assessment should also include any risk to the Controller, Observer and

anyone else involved in the operation of the UAS.

Where the residual risk is unacceptable the flight should not proceed.
Version 1 P a g e | 28 19 March 2014

Validation of Risk Assessment

Once “on site” the Risk Assessment must be validated prior to the flight proceeding. Any

assumptions made during the initial Risk Assessment (such as forecast weather/wind,

location of persons etc.) should be confirmed. Where there are differences a new Risk factor

must be calculated and control measures adjusted to manage the risk to an acceptablelevel

prior to the flight.

Other Factors

As this is a generic Risk Assessment process it cannot consider all possible areas of risk for

every situation. There may be other areas that need consideration in addition to the Risk 

Assessment Sheet prompts. Therefore this risk assessment process should be considered a 

guide as to the minimum areas for inclusion in your Risk Assessment.
Version 1 P a g e | 29 19 March 2014

RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX - LEVEL OF RISK

>7: Extreme risk

– detailed treatment plan required 

6,7: High risk

– needs senior management attention 

and treatment plan as appropriate

4,5: Medium risk

– manager level attention and 

monitoring as appropriate

<4: Low risk

Injuries or ailments 

not requiring 

medical treatment.

Minor injury or First 

Aid Treatment Case.

Serious injury causing 

hospitalisation or 

multiple medical 

treatment cases.

Life threatening injury or 

multiple serious injuries 

causing hospitalisation.

Multiple life threatening 

injuries. Less than 10 

fatalities.

Multiple fatalities, 10 

or more

Internal Review Scrutiny required by 

internal committees 

or internal audit to 

prevent escalation.

Scrutiny required by 

external committees or 

Auditor General’s 

Office, etc.

Intense public, political 

and media scrutiny. Eg: 

inquest, front page 

headlines, TV, etc.

Government inquiry or 

Commission of inquiry or 

adverse national media in 

excess of 1 week.

Government inquiry 

and ongoing adverse 

international exposure

Small delay, internal May threaten an Considerable remedial Significant loss of Permanent loss of critical Threatens ongoing

inconvenience only. element of the service 

delivery function.

Business objective 

delayed. Easily 

remedied, some impact 

on external 

stakeholders.

action required with 

disruption to a Group 

for period up to 1 

month. Some business 

objectives not 

achieved.

critical information. 

Disruption to one or 

more Groups for up to 3 

months. Some major 

objectives not achieved.

information, substantial 

disruption to FAA or 

external intervention for 

over 3 months. Threatens 

existence of a Group 

within FAA. Major 

objectives not achieved

existence of FAA.

Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Severe Catastrophic

0 1 2 3 4 5

Almost Certain (5) 5 6 7 8 9 10

Likely (4) 4 5 6 7 8 9

Possible (3) 3 4 5 6 7 8

Unlikely (2) 2 3 4 5 6 7

Rare (1) 1 2 3 4 5 6

Extremely 

Rare

(0) 0 1 2 3 4 5

Numerical Historical

Probability

>1 in 10

Is expected to occur in most 

circumstances

1 in 10 – 100

Will probably occur

1 in 100 –

1000

Might occur at some time in 

the future

1 in 1000 –

10000

Could occur but considered 

unlikely or doubtful

1 in 10000 -

100000

May occur in exceptional 

circumstances

< 1 in

100000

Could only occur under 

specific conditions and 

extraordinary circumstances
Version 1 P a g e | 30 19 March 2014

RISK CALCULATION SHEET

Undesired Outcome Severity Likelihood Risk

Factor

#1

Eg. Members of the public encroaching area of

operation 0 4 4

Control Measure or comment on risk

Customer to be observer and briefed in accordance with

check sheet 0 1 1

#

Control Measure or comment on risk Final Final Final

#

Control Measure or comment on risk Final Final Final

Delete example before submission
Version 1 P a g e | 31 19 March 2014

Risk Assessment Tool Prompt Sheet

Consideration Possible Impact on Risk

Time of Day Possible Low Sun, fading light, orientation,

ability to maintain visual LOS

Weather Check Forecast, Temperature, wind

direction, wind strength, impact on battery 

life (cold battery, flying into wind), aircraft 

wind limit, Fire ban,

Public Person moving into landing area during 

flight, footpath, right of way, Suitable takeoff and landing areas, ability to maintain 

30m separation,

Property Permission from land owner, privacy, 

buildings, antennas, trees, obstructions, 

ability to maintain visual line of sight, 

controllers ability matches location, local

restrictions, by laws,

Other aircraft Likelihood of other aircraft in area

Equipment failure Likely failure modes, alternate landing site,

emergency procedures, Battery fire 

following crash (dry grass),

Environment Noise, ability to communicate with 

participants, distractions, possible 

distraction of public (drivers)

Add items relevant to your operation
Version 1 P a g e | 32 19 March 2014