II 

109TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 2450 

To strengthen national security by encouraging and assisting in the expansion 

and improvement of educational programs in order to meet critical needs 

at the elementary, secondary, and higher education levels, and for other 

purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MARCH 16 (legislative day, MARCH 15), 2006 

Mr. AKAKA (for himself and Mr. DURBIN) introduced the following bill; which 

was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, 

Labor, and Pensions 

A BILL 

To strengthen national security by encouraging and assisting 

in the expansion and improvement of educational programs in order to meet critical needs at the elementary, 

secondary, and higher education levels, and for other 

purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Homeland Security 

5 Education Act’’. 


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1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE. 

2 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find3 ings: 

4 (1) Investing in science, technology, engineer5 ing, mathematics, and foreign language education is 

6 essential to maintaining the competitive advantage 

7 and national security of the United States. Signifi8 cant improvements in the quantity and quality of 

9 science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and 

10 foreign language instruction offered in United States 

11 elementary schools and secondary schools are nec12 essary. 

13 (2) For the past 3 decades, about one-third of 

14 the baccalaureate degrees awarded in the United 

15 States have been granted in science and engineering, 

16 compared to 59 percent in China and 66 percent in 

17 Japan. 

18 (3) The United States is behind its European 

19 counterparts in foreign language skills, in that one20 half of European citizens speak a second language 

21 while only 9 percent of Americans speak another 

22 language. 

23 (4) Elementary schools and secondary schools 

24 in the United States need more qualified teachers, 

25 equipment, and resources to improve education in 

26 mathematics, science, and foreign languages. 


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1 (5) The optimum time to begin learning a sec2 ond language is in elementary school, when children 

3 have the ability to learn and excel in several foreign 

4 language acquisition skills, including pronunciation. 

5 (6) Foreign language study can increase chil6 dren’s capacity for critical and creative thinking 

7 skills, and children who study a second language 

8 show greater cognitive development in areas such as 

9 mental flexibility, creativity, tolerance, and higher 

10 order thinking skills. 

11 (7) All people of the United States should strive 

12 to have a global perspective. To understand the 

13 world around us, we must acquaint ourselves with 

14 the languages, cultures, and history of other nations. 

15 (8) Federal agencies have reported shortfalls in 

16 language capability that is integral to, or directly 

17 support, every discipline and is an essential factor in 

18 national security readiness, disaster response, law 

19 enforcement, information superiority, and coalition 

20 peacekeeping or warfighting missions. 

21 (b) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this Act to ensure 

22 the national security and the competitiveness of the 

23 United States through increasing the quantity, diversity, 

24 and quality of the teaching and learning of subjects in the 


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1 fields of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, 

2 and foreign language. 

3 SEC. 3. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGI4 NEERING, MATHEMATICS, AND FOREIGN LAN5 GUAGE EDUCATION. 

6 (a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to 

7 establish and implement a program to award scholarships 

8 to individuals who are citizens, nationals, or permanent 

9 legal residents of the United States or citizens of the Free10 ly Associated States (as defined in section 103 of the 

11 Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003)), to serve 

12 as incentives for students to obtain degrees in science, 

13 technology, engineering, mathematics, and foreign lan14 guage. 

15 (b) SCHOLARSHIPS FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, EN16 GINEERING, MATHEMATICS, AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE

17 EDUCATION.—Part A of title IV of the Higher Education 

18 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.) is amended by add19 ing at the end the following: 


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1 ‘‘Subpart 9—Scholarships for Science, Technology, 

2 Engineering, Mathematics, and Foreign Lan3 guage Education 

4 ‘‘SEC. 420K. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, 

5 ENGINEERING, MATHEMATICS, AND FOREIGN 

6 LANGUAGE EDUCATION. 

7 ‘‘(a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to 

8 award scholarships to students to provide incentives for 

9 pursuing and obtaining a baccalaureate degree in science, 

10 technology, engineering, mathematics, or a critical foreign 

11 language. 

12 ‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

13 ‘‘(1) CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE.—The term 

14 ‘critical foreign language’ means any language iden15 tified as critical by the National Security Education 

16 Board and the Secretary. 

17 ‘‘(2) SCIENCE.—The term ‘science’ means any 

18 of the natural and physical sciences, including chem19 istry, biology, physics, and computer science. Such 

20 term shall not include any of the social sciences. 

21 ‘‘(c) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.—From the amounts 

22 appropriated under subsection (f), the Secretary shall 

23 carry out a program to award scholarships in the amount 

24 of $5,000 each to individuals who meet each of the fol25 lowing requirements: 


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1 ‘‘(1) The individual agrees to obtain a bacca2 laureate degree in science, technology, engineering, 

3 mathematics, or a critical foreign language. 

4 ‘‘(2) The individual is a student at an institu5 tion of higher education who is in good academic 

6 standing and is capable, in the opinion of the Sec7 retary, of maintaining good standing in such course 

8 of study. 

9 ‘‘(d) SELECTION OF RECIPIENTS.—The Secretary 

10 shall promulgate regulations to establish a formula for the 

11 selection of scholarship recipients under this section 

12 that— 

13 ‘‘(1) ensures fairness and equality for appli14 cants in the selection process, based on the amounts 

15 appropriated under subsection (f); and 

16 ‘‘(2) awards not less than 50 percent of 

17 amounts available under this section for an academic 

18 year for scholarships to students who meet the re19 quirements described in subsection (c) and are eligi20 ble for a Federal Pell Grant under subpart 1 for 

21 such year. 

22 ‘‘(e) FAILURE TO COMPLETE DEGREE.—If, by the 

23 end of the 5-year period beginning when an individual re24 ceiving a scholarship under this section begins a program 

25 of study in accordance with the agreement described in 


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1 subsection (c)(1), the individual does not obtain a bacca2 laureate degree in science, technology, engineering, mathe3 matics, or a critical foreign language, the individual shall 

4 reimburse the Federal Government for the amount of the 

5 scholarship, including interest, at a rate and schedule to 

6 be determined by the Secretary pursuant to regulations. 

7 ‘‘(f) REPORT TO CONGRESS.— 

8 ‘‘(1) PROPOSED REGULATIONS.—Not later than 

9 180 days after the date of enactment of the Home10 land Security Education Act, the Secretary shall— 

11 ‘‘(A) publish the proposed regulations that 

12 the Secretary determines are necessary to carry 

13 out this section; and 

14 ‘‘(B) submit to the appropriate committees 

15 of Congress a report on how the Secretary 

16 plans— 

17 ‘‘(i) to implement the program under 

18 this section; and 

19 ‘‘(ii) to advertise such program to in20 stitutions of higher education and potential 

21 applicants. 

22 ‘‘(2) FINAL REGULATIONS.—Not later than 180 

23 days after the last day of the comment period for 

24 the proposed regulations under paragraph (1)(A), 


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1 the Secretary shall promulgate the final regulations 

2 to carry out this section. 

3 ‘‘(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

4 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 

5 $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, and such sums as may 

6 be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years.’’. 

7 SEC. 4. FEDERAL GRANTS TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—Title V of the Elementary and 

9 Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7201 et 

10 seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: 

11 ‘‘PART E—STRENGTHENING MATHEMATICS AND 

12 SCIENCE EDUCATION 

13 ‘‘SEC. 5701. DEFINITIONS. 

14 ‘‘In this part: 

15 ‘‘(1) CONDITIONAL AGREEMENT.—The term 

16 ‘conditional agreement’ means an arrangement be17 tween representatives of the private sector and a 

18 local educational agency to provide certain services 

19 and funds to the local educational agency, such as— 

20 ‘‘(A) the donation of computer hardware 

21 and software; 

22 ‘‘(B) the donation of science laboratory 

23 equipment suitable for students in kindergarten 

24 through grade 12; 


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1 ‘‘(C) the establishment of internship and 

2 mentoring opportunities for students who par3 ticipate in mathematics, science, and informa4 tion technology programs under this part; 

5 ‘‘(D) the donation of scholarship funds for 

6 use at institutions of higher education by eligi7 ble students who have participated in the math8 ematics, science, and information technology 

9 programs under this part; and 

10 ‘‘(E) the donation of technology tools. 

11 ‘‘(2) PRIVATE SECTOR.—The term ‘private sec12 tor’ includes corporations, universities, State or local 

13 government agencies, membership organizations, and 

14 other similar entities involved in the mathematics 

15 and science fields. 

16 ‘‘(3) SCIENCE.—The term ‘science’ means any 

17 of the natural and physical sciences, including chem18 istry, biology, physics, and computer science. The 

19 term does not include any of the social sciences. 

20 ‘‘SEC. 5702. FEDERAL GRANTS TO PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

21 ‘‘(a) GRANT PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary 

22 shall establish a demonstration program under which the 

23 Secretary shall award grants to local educational agencies 

24 to enable such agencies to— 

25 ‘‘(1) develop and implement programs that— 


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1 ‘‘(A) build or expand mathematics and 

2 science curricula; 

3 ‘‘(B) provide— 

4 ‘‘(i) a rich standards-based course of 

5 study in mathematics and science to stu6 dents; and 

7 ‘‘(ii) opportunities for students who 

8 excel in mathematics or science, particu9 larly students who are members of tradi10 tionally underrepresented groups in the 

11 fields of mathematics or science, to be 

12 mentored by adults currently active in the 

13 appropriate field; 

14 ‘‘(2) provide mentoring opportunities for stu15 dents in the fields of mathematics and science; 

16 ‘‘(3) upgrade existing laboratory facilities; or 

17 ‘‘(4) purchase the equipment necessary to es18 tablish and maintain such programs. 

19 ‘‘(b) APPLICATION.— 

20 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—A local educational agency 

21 desiring a grant under this section shall submit an 

22 application to the Secretary at such time, in such 

23 manner, and containing such information as the Sec24 retary may require by regulation, in accordance with 

25 paragraph (3). 


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1 ‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—The application described in 

2 paragraph (1) shall include— 

3 ‘‘(A) a description of the proposed activi4 ties under the grant, consistent with the uses of 

5 funds described under subsection (a); 

6 ‘‘(B) a description of how programs under 

7 the grant will involve innovative experience 

8 learning, such as laboratory experience; 

9 ‘‘(C) a description of any mathematics and 

10 science mentoring component (which may take 

11 place at the school, at a workplace and paired 

12 with internships, or via the Internet), includ13 ing— 

14 ‘‘(i) the program model and goals; 

15 ‘‘(ii) the anticipated number of stu16 dents served; 

17 ‘‘(iii) the criteria for selecting stu18 dents for the mentoring component; and 

19 ‘‘(iv) the mentoring best practices 

20 that will be followed; 

21 ‘‘(D) a description of any applicable higher 

22 education scholarship program, including— 

23 ‘‘(i) the criteria for student selection; 

24 ‘‘(ii) the duration of the scholarships; 


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1 ‘‘(iii) the number of scholarships to be 

2 awarded each year; and 

3 ‘‘(iv) the funding levels for the schol4 arships; 

5 ‘‘(E) evidence of the private sector partici6 pation and support in cash or in kind, as re7 quired under subsection (c); and 

8 ‘‘(F) an assurance that, upon receipt of a 

9 grant under this part, the local educational 

10 agency will— 

11 ‘‘(i) execute a conditional agreement 

12 with a representative of the private sector; 

13 and 

14 ‘‘(ii) enter into an agreement with the 

15 Secretary to comply with the requirements 

16 of this part. 

17 ‘‘(3) REGULATIONS.—Not later than 180 days 

18 after the date of enactment of the Homeland Secu19 rity Education Act, the Secretary shall issue and 

20 publish proposed regulations for this subsection. Not 

21 later than 180 days after the date on which the pe22 riod for comment concerning the proposed regula23 tions ends, the Secretary shall issue the final guide24 lines under this subsection. 


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1 ‘‘(c) PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION.—A local edu2 cational agency receiving a grant under this section shall 

3 enter into a conditional agreement with a representative 

4 of the private sector regarding the programs carried out 

5 under this section, including not less than 1 conditional 

6 agreement with a private sector entity that has agreed to 

7 recruit the entity’s employees or members in the mathe8 matics and science fields to serve as mentors to students. 

9 ‘‘(d) AWARD BASIS.— 

10 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall select a 

11 local educational agency to receive a grant under 

12 this section on the basis of merit, as determined 

13 after the Secretary has conducted a comprehensive 

14 review of the application. 

15 ‘‘(2) PRIORITY.—In awarding grants under this 

16 section, the Secretary shall give priority to a local 

17 educational agency that is a high need local edu18 cational agency (as such term is defined in section 

19 201(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965). 

20 ‘‘SEC. 5703. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

21 ‘‘There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 

22 this part $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, and such sums 

23 as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal 

24 years.’’. 


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1 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents in 

2 section 2 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 

3 of 1965 is amended by inserting after the item relating 

4 to section 5618 the following: 

‘‘PART E—STRENGTHENING MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION

‘‘Sec. 5701. Definitions. 

‘‘Sec. 5702. Federal grants to public schools. 

‘‘Sec. 5703. Authorization of appropriations.’’. 

5 SEC. 5. FROM THE LABORATORY TO THE CLASSROOM 

6 SCHOLARSHIPS. 

7 (a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to in8 crease the amount of elementary and secondary educators 

9 with a background and expertise in scientific or engineer10 ing subjects by awarding scholarships to practicing sci11 entists and engineers to encourage them to return to 

12 school to become certified elementary and secondary 

13 teachers in those disciplines. 

14 (b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

15 (1) ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUAL.—The term ‘‘eligible 

16 individual’’ means a person who— 

17 (A) is a citizen, national, or permanent 

18 legal resident of the United States or a citizen 

19 of 1 of the Freely Associated States (as defined 

20 in section 103 of the Higher Education Act of 

21 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003)); 


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1 (B) holds a baccalaureate or graduate de2 gree from an institution of higher education, in 

3 a scientific or engineering field; and 

4 (C) has not less than 3 years of work expe5 rience in a scientific or engineering position. 

6 (2) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 

7 term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the 

8 meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the 

9 Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)). 

10 (3) QUALIFIED EXPENSES.—The term ‘‘quali11 fied expenses’’ means the tuition, books, fees, sup12 plies, and equipment required for a course of in13 struction, at the institution of higher education the 

14 eligible individual chooses to attend, that leads to el15 ementary or secondary teaching certification or li16 censure in any State, and other expenses for com17 pleting a teacher preparatory program or obtaining 

18 a teaching certificate or license. 

19 (4) SCIENTIFIC OR ENGINEERING.—The term 

20 ‘‘scientific or engineering’’ means any discipline 

21 within the natural sciences, physical sciences, tech22 nology, mathematics, or engineering subject areas. 

23 (5) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each of 

24 the several States of the United States and the Dis25 trict of Columbia. 


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1 (c) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.— 

2 (1) IN GENERAL.—From amounts appropriated 

3 under subsection (f), the Secretary of Education 

4 shall award scholarships to eligible individuals which 

5 shall be used to enable the individuals to pay for 

6 qualified expenses and attend an institution of high7 er education of the individual’s choosing. 

8 (2) DESIGNATION.—A scholarship awarded 

9 under this section shall be known as a ‘‘From the 

10 Laboratory to the Classroom Scholarship’’. 

11 (d) AMOUNT; DURATION.— 

12 (1) AMOUNT.—A scholarship awarded under 

13 this section shall be in an amount of not more than 

14 $15,000 per year. 

15 (2) DURATION OF SCHOLARSHIP.—A scholar16 ship awarded to an eligible individual under this sec17 tion shall be for the period of time required for the 

18 individual to complete a course of study leading to 

19 elementary or secondary school teacher certification 

20 or licensure in a State or a territory of the United 

21 States, except that no scholarship shall exceed a pe22 riod of 2 years. 

23 (e) TERMS OF SCHOLARSHIP.— 

24 (1) EMPLOYMENT AS TEACHER.—As a condi25 tion of receiving a scholarship under this section, an 


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1 eligible individual shall agree to be employed full2 time as an elementary or secondary education teach3 er in science, mathematics, or engineering at a high4 need, low-income school, as determined by the Sec5 retary, for a period of not less than 5 years after re6 ceiving the teacher certification or licensure. 

7 (2) FAILURE TO TEACH.—If an individual who 

8 receives a scholarship under this section does not 

9 comply with paragraph (1), the individual shall reim10 burse the Federal Government for the amount of 

11 such scholarship, including interest, at a rate and 

12 schedule to be determined by the Secretary. 

13 (f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

14 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this sec15 tion— 

16 (1) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; 

17 (2) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 

18 (3) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and 

19 (4) $600,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 

20 2010 through 2013. 

21 SEC. 6. ENCOURAGING EARLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUD22 IES. 

23 (a) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the Elementary and 

24 Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6601 et 

25 seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: 


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1 ‘‘PART E—ENCOURAGING EARLY FOREIGN 

2 LANGUAGE STUDIES 

3 ‘‘SEC. 2501. ENCOURAGING EARLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE 

4 STUDIES. 

5 ‘‘(a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to 

6 improve the performance of students in the study of for7 eign languages by encouraging States, institutions of high8 er education, elementary schools, and secondary schools 

9 to participate in programs that— 

10 ‘‘(1) upgrade the status and stature of foreign 

11 language teaching by encouraging institutions of 

12 higher education to assume greater responsibility for 

13 improving foreign language teacher education 

14 through the establishment of a comprehensive, inte15 grated system of recruiting and advising such teach16 ers; 

17 ‘‘(2) focus on the education of foreign language 

18 teachers as a career-long process that should con19 tinuously stimulate the teachers’ intellectual growth 

20 and upgrade the teachers’ knowledge and skills; 

21 ‘‘(3) bring foreign language teachers in elemen22 tary schools and secondary schools together with lin23 guists or higher education foreign language profes24 sionals to increase the subject matter knowledge and 

25 improve the teaching skills of teachers through the 

26 use of more sophisticated resources that institutions 


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1 of higher education are better able to provide than 

2 the schools; and 

3 ‘‘(4) develop more rigorous foreign language 

4 curricula that are aligned with— 

5 ‘‘(A) professional accepted standards for 

6 elementary and secondary education instruction; 

7 and 

8 ‘‘(B) the standards expected for postsec9 ondary study in foreign language. 

10 ‘‘(b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

11 ‘‘(1) ELIGIBLE PARTNERSHIP.—The term ‘eligi12 ble partnership’ means a partnership that— 

13 ‘‘(A) shall include— 

14 ‘‘(i) a foreign language department of 

15 an institution of higher education; and 

16 ‘‘(ii) a local educational agency; and 

17 ‘‘(B) may include— 

18 ‘‘(i) another foreign language depart19 ment, or a teacher training department, of 

20 an institution of higher education; 

21 ‘‘(ii) another local educational agency, 

22 or an elementary school or secondary 

23 school; 

24 ‘‘(iii) a business; 


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1 ‘‘(iv) a nonprofit organization, includ2 ing a museum; 

3 ‘‘(v) a heritage or community center 

4 for language study; 

5 ‘‘(vi) a national language resource and 

6 training center authorized under part A of 

7 title VI of the Higher Education Act of 

8 1965; or 

9 ‘‘(vii) the State foreign language coor10 dinator or State educational agency. 

11 ‘‘(2) HIGH NEED LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGEN12 CY.—The term ‘high need local educational agency’ 

13 has the meaning given the term in section 201(b) of 

14 the Higher Education Act of 1965. 

15 ‘‘(3) CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGES.—The 

16 term ‘critical foreign languages’ refers to any lan17 guage identified as critical by the National Security 

18 Education Board and the Secretary. 

19 ‘‘(4) SUMMER WORKSHOP OR INSTITUTE.—The 

20 term ‘summer workshop or institute’ means a work21 shop or institute that— 

22 ‘‘(A) is conducted for a period of not less 

23 than 2 weeks during the summer; 

24 ‘‘(B) provides direct interaction between 

25 students and faculty; and 


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1 ‘‘(C) provides for followup training during 

2 the academic year that— 

3 ‘‘(i) except as provided in clause (ii) 

4 or (iii), shall be conducted in the classroom 

5 for a period of not less than 3 days, which 

6 may or may not be consecutive; 

7 ‘‘(ii) if the program described in sub8 paragraph (A) is for a period of not more 

9 than 2 weeks, shall be conducted for a pe10 riod of more than 3 days; and 

11 ‘‘(iii) may be conducted through dis12 tance education. 

13 ‘‘(c) GRANTS TO PARTNERSHIPS.— 

14 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is authorized 

15 to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible 

16 partnerships to enable the eligible partnerships to 

17 pay the Federal share of the costs of carrying out 

18 the authorized activities described in this section. 

19 ‘‘(2) DURATION.—A grant awarded under this 

20 section shall be for a period of 5 years. 

21 ‘‘(3) FEDERAL SHARE.—The Federal share of 

22 the costs of the activities described in this section 

23 shall be— 

24 ‘‘(A) 75 percent of the costs for the first 

25 year of a grant under this section; 


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1 ‘‘(B) 65 percent of such costs for the sec2 ond such year; and 

3 ‘‘(C) 50 percent of such costs for each of 

4 the third, fourth, and fifth such years. 

5 ‘‘(4) NON-FEDERAL SHARE.—The non-Federal 

6 share of the costs of carrying out the authorized ac7 tivities described in this section may be provided in 

8 cash or in kind, fairly evaluated. 

9 ‘‘(5) PRIORITY.—In awarding grants under this 

10 section, the Secretary shall give priority to eligible 

11 partnerships— 

12 ‘‘(A) that include high need local edu13 cational agencies; or 

14 ‘‘(B) that emphasize the teaching of the 

15 critical foreign languages. 

16 ‘‘(d) APPLICATIONS.— 

17 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each eligible partnership 

18 desiring a grant under this section shall submit an 

19 application to the Secretary at such time, in such 

20 manner, and accompanied by such information as 

21 the Secretary may require. 

22 ‘‘(2) CONTENTS.—An application submitted 

23 under paragraph (1) shall include— 

24 ‘‘(A) an assessment of the teacher quality 

25 and professional development needs of all the 


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1 schools and educational agencies participating 

2 in the eligible partnership with respect to the 

3 teaching and learning of foreign languages; 

4 ‘‘(B) a description of how the activities to 

5 be carried out by the eligible partnership will be 

6 based on a review of relevant research, and an 

7 explanation of why the activities are expected to 

8 improve student performance and to strengthen 

9 the quality of foreign language instruction; and 

10 ‘‘(C) a description of— 

11 ‘‘(i) how the eligible partnership will 

12 carry out the authorized activities de13 scribed in subsection (e); and 

14 ‘‘(ii) the eligible partnership’s evalua15 tion and accountability plan in accordance 

16 with subsection (f). 

17 ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES.—An eligible partner18 ship that receives a grant under this section may use the 

19 grant funds to carry out activities such as— 

20 ‘‘(1) creating opportunities for enhanced and 

21 ongoing professional development that improves the 

22 subject matter knowledge of foreign language teach23 ers; 

24 ‘‘(2) recruiting university students with foreign 

25 language majors for teaching; 


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1 ‘‘(3) promoting strong teaching skills for for2 eign language teachers and teacher educators; 

3 ‘‘(4) establishing foreign language summer 

4 workshops or institutes (including followup training) 

5 for teachers; 

6 ‘‘(5) establishing distance learning programs for 

7 foreign language teachers; 

8 ‘‘(6) designing programs to prepare a teacher 

9 at a school to provide professional development to 

10 other teachers at the school and to assist novice 

11 teachers at the school, including (if applicable) a 

12 mechanism to integrate experiences from a summer 

13 workshop or institute; and 

14 ‘‘(7) developing instruction materials. 

15 ‘‘(f) EVALUATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY PLAN.— 

16 Each eligible partnership receiving a grant under this sec17 tion shall develop an evaluation and accountability plan 

18 for activities assisted under this section that includes 

19 strong performance objectives and measures for— 

20 ‘‘(1) increased participation by students in ad21 vanced courses in foreign language; 

22 ‘‘(2) increased percentages of secondary school 

23 classes in foreign language taught by teachers with 

24 academic majors in foreign language; and 


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1 ‘‘(3) increased numbers of foreign language 

2 teachers who participate in content-based profes3 sional development activities. 

4 ‘‘(g) REPORT.—Each eligible partnership receiving a 

5 grant under this section shall annually report to the Sec6 retary regarding the eligible partnership’s progress in 

7 meeting the performance objectives described in sub8 section (f). 

9 ‘‘(h) TERMINATION.—If the Secretary determines 

10 that an eligible partnership is not making substantial 

11 progress in meeting the performance objectives described 

12 in subsection (f) by the end of the third year of a grant 

13 under this section, the Secretary shall not make grant pay14 ments to the eligible partnership for the fourth and fifth 

15 years of the grant. 

16 ‘‘(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

17 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 

18 $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, and such sums as may 

19 be necessary for each succeeding fiscal year.’’. 

20 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents in 

21 section 2 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 

22 of 1965 is amended by inserting after the item relating 

23 to section 2441 the following: 

‘‘PART E—ENCOURAGING EARLY FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES

‘‘Sec. 2501. Encouraging early foreign language studies.’’. 


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1 SEC. 7. SCIENCE, ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY, AND AD2 VANCED FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION 

3 GRANT PROGRAM. 

4 (a) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this section to 

5 support programs in institutions of higher education that 

6 encourage students— 

7 (1) to develop an understanding of science, 

8 technology, and engineering; 

9 (2) to develop foreign language proficiency; and 

10 (3) to foster future international scientific col11 laboration. 

12 (b) DEVELOPMENT.—The Secretary of Education 

13 shall develop and carry out a program to award grants 

14 to institutions of higher education that develop innovative 

15 programs for the teaching of foreign languages. 

16 (c) REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS.—The Sec17 retary of Education shall promulgate regulations for the 

18 awarding of grants under subsection (b). 

19 (d) APPLICATION.—An institution of higher edu20 cation desiring a grant under this section shall submit an 

21 application to the Secretary of Education at such time, 

22 in such manner, and containing such information as the 

23 Secretary shall require. 

24 (e) USE OF FUNDS.—An institution of higher edu25 cation receiving a grant under this section shall use grant 

26 funds for, among other things— 


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1 (1) the development of an on-campus cultural 

2 awareness program by which students attend classes 

3 taught in the foreign language and study the 

4 science, technology, or engineering developments and 

5 practices in a non-English-speaking country; 

6 (2) immersion programs where students study 

7 science, technology, or engineering related 

8 coursework in a non-English-speaking country; and 

9 (3) other programs, such as summer work10 shops, that emphasize the intense study of a foreign 

11 language and science, technology, or engineering. 

12 (f) GRANT DISTRIBUTION.—In awarding grants to 

13 institutions of higher education under this section, the 

14 Secretary of Education shall give priority to— 

15 (1) institutions that have programs focusing on 

16 a curriculum that combines the study of foreign lan17 guages and the study of science and technology and 

18 produces graduates who have both skills; and 

19 (2) institutions teaching the languages identi20 fied as critical by the National Security Education 

21 Board and the Secretary of Education. 

22 (g) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

23 (1) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 

24 term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the 


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1 meaning given such term in section 101 of the High2 er Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001). 

3 (2) SCIENCE.—The term ‘‘science’’ means any 

4 of the natural and physical sciences, including chem5 istry, biology, physics, and computer science. Such 

6 term does not include any of the social sciences. 

7 (h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

8 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, 

9 $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2007, and such sums as may 

10 be necessary for each succeeding fiscal year. 

11 SEC. 8. NATIONAL SECURITY EDUCATION PROGRAM SERV12 ICE AGREEMENT. 

13 Section 802(b)(2) of the David L. Boren National Se14 curity Education Act of 1991 (50 U.S.C. 1902(b)(2)) is 

15 amended to read as follows: 

16 ‘‘(2) will— 

17 ‘‘(A) in the case of a recipient of a scholar18 ship, not later than 3 years after the date of 

19 the recipient’s completion of the study for 

20 which scholarship assistance was provided 

21 under the program, work— 

22 ‘‘(i) for not less than 1 year in a posi23 tion in the Department of Defense, the De24 partment of Homeland Security, the De25 partment of State, or any element of the 


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1 intelligence community that is certified by 

2 the Secretary as contributing to national 

3 security; 

4 ‘‘(ii) if such recipient demonstrates to 

5 the Secretary of Defense that no position 

6 described in clause (i) is available, for not 

7 less than 1 year in a position in another 

8 department or agency of the Federal Gov9 ernment that is certified by the Secretary 

10 as contributing to national security; or 

11 ‘‘(iii) if such recipient demonstrates to 

12 the Secretary of Defense that no position 

13 described in clause (i) or (ii) is available, 

14 for not less than 1 academic year in a po15 sition in the field of education in a dis16 cipline related to the studies supported 

17 under this section; or 

18 ‘‘(B) in the case of a recipient of a fellow19 ship, not later than 2 years after the date of 

20 the recipient’s completion of the study for 

21 which the fellowship assistance was provided 

22 under the program, work— 

23 ‘‘(i) for not less than 1 year in a posi24 tion in the Department of Defense, the De25 partment of Homeland Security, the DeVerDate Aug 31 2005 20:22 Mar 20, 2006 Jkt 049200 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2450.IS S2450

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1 partment of State, or any element of the 

2 intelligence community that is certified by 

3 the Secretary as contributing to national 

4 security; 

5 ‘‘(ii) if such recipient demonstrates to 

6 the Secretary of Defense that no position 

7 described in clause (i) is available, for not 

8 less than 1 year in a position in another 

9 department or agency of the Federal Gov10 ernment that is certified by the Secretary 

11 as contributing to national security; or 

12 ‘‘(iii) if such recipient demonstrates to 

13 the Secretary of Defense that no position 

14 described in clause (i) or (ii) is available, 

15 for not less than 1 academic year in a po16 sition in the field of education in a dis17 cipline related to the studies supported 

18 under this section.’’. 

19 SEC. 9. CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION PRO20 GRAM. 

21 (a) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—From amounts appro22 priated under subsection (f), the Secretary of Education 

23 shall award grants to institutions of higher education to 

24 pay the Federal share of programs established by the in25 stitutions, in collaboration with elementary schools and 


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1 secondary schools, for language learning pathways that 

2 train students from kindergarten through graduate edu3 cation to be proficient in the critical foreign languages. 

4 (b) APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS.—An institution of 

5 higher education desiring a grant under this section shall 

6 submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in 

7 such manner, and containing such information as the Sec8 retary of Education shall require. In the application, the 

9 institution of higher education shall— 

10 (1) demonstrate the ability of the institution to 

11 collaborate effectively with elementary schools and 

12 secondary schools to ensure that students who suc13 cessfully achieve an advanced proficiency level in a 

14 critical foreign language at such schools will con15 tinue studying a foreign language at an institution 

16 for higher education and achieve a superior pro17 ficiency level while enrolled in an academic degree 

18 program; 

19 (2) demonstrate that the program designed by 

20 the institution under this section can be replicated 

21 for use by other institutions of higher education and 

22 elementary schools and secondary schools in the 

23 United States; and 

24 (3) agree to provide the non-Federal share of 

25 the costs of the program under this section. 


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1 (c) FEDERAL SHARE; NON-FEDERAL SHARE.—The 

2 Federal share of the costs of the program under this sec3 tion shall be not more than 90 percent of such costs. The 

4 non-Federal share shall be not less than 10 percent of 

5 such costs, and may be provided in cash or in kind, fairly 

6 evaluated. 

7 (d) PROGRAM.—A program assisted under this sec8 tion may include— 

9 (1) study or work abroad opportunities; 

10 (2) experiential and community learning; 

11 (3) distance learning; 

12 (4) language learning for professional purposes, 

13 business, and other disciplines; and 

14 (5) innovative opportunities for language learn15 ing through immersion, internships, and community 

16 service. 

17 (e) DEFINITION OF CRITICAL FOREIGN LAN18 GUAGE.—In this section, the term ‘‘critical foreign lan19 guage’’ means any language identified as critical by the 

20 National Security Education Board and the Secretary of 

21 Education. 

22 (f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

23 authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 

24 $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2007 and each succeeding fis25 cal year. 


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1 SEC. 10. WORLD LANGUAGE TEACHING SCHOLARSHIPS. 

2 (a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to in3 crease the number of elementary school and secondary 

4 school educators with foreign language proficiency by 

5 awarding scholarships to language proficient individuals to 

6 enable the individuals to become certified or licensed as 

7 foreign language teachers. 

8 (b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

9 (1) ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUAL.—The term ‘‘eligible 

10 individual’’ means a person who— 

11 (A) is a citizen, national, or permanent 

12 legal resident of the United States or is a cit13 izen of 1 of the Freely Associated States (as de14 fined in section 103 of the Higher Education 

15 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003)); 

16 (B) holds at least a baccalaureate degree 

17 from an institution of higher education; and 

18 (C) demonstrates written and verbal flu19 ency in a critical foreign language. 

20 (2) CRITICAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE.—The term 

21 ‘‘critical foreign language’’ means any language 

22 identified as critical by the National Security Edu23 cation Board and the Secretary of Education. 

24 (3) INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION.—The 

25 term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ has the 


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1 meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the 

2 Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)). 

3 (4) QUALIFIED EXPENSES.—The term ‘‘quali4 fied expenses’’ means the tuition, books, fees, sup5 plies, and equipment required for a course of in6 struction, at the institution of higher education the 

7 eligible individual chooses to attend, that leads to el8 ementary or secondary teaching certification or li9 censure in any State, and other expenses for com10 pleting a teacher preparatory program or obtaining 

11 a teaching certificate or license. 

12 (5) STATE.—The term ‘‘State’’ means each of 

13 the several States of the United States and the Dis14 trict of Columbia. 

15 (c) PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.— 

16 (1) IN GENERAL.—From amounts appropriated 

17 under subsection (e), the Secretary of Education 

18 shall award scholarships to eligible individuals that 

19 shall be used to pay for the qualified expenses of a 

20 teacher certification or licensure program. 

21 (2) DESIGNATION.—A scholarship under this 

22 section shall be known as a ‘‘World Language 

23 Teaching Scholarship’’. 

24 (d) AMOUNT; DURATION; TERMS.— 


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1 (1) AMOUNT.—A scholarship awarded under 

2 this section shall be in an amount of not more than 

3 $15,000 per year. 

4 (2) DURATION OF SCHOLARSHIP.—A scholar5 ship awarded to an eligible individual under this sec6 tion shall be for the number of years required to 

7 complete a course of study leading to elementary or 

8 secondary school teaching certification in a State or 

9 a territory of the United States, except that no 

10 scholarship shall exceed a period of 2 years. 

11 (3) TERMS OF SCHOLARSHIP.— 

12 (A) EMPLOYMENT AS A TEACHER.—As a 

13 condition of receiving a scholarship under this 

14 section, an eligible individual shall agree to be 

15 employed full-time as a foreign language ele16 mentary or secondary education teacher at a 

17 high-need, low-income school, as determined by 

18 the Secretary, for a period of not less than 5 

19 years. 

20 (B) FAILURE TO TEACH.—If an individual 

21 who receives a scholarship under this section 

22 does not comply with subparagraph (A), the in23 dividual shall reimburse the Federal Govern24 ment for the amount of such scholarship, inVerDate Aug 31 2005 20:22 Mar 20, 2006 Jkt 049200 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2450.IS S2450

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1 cluding interest, at a rate and schedule to be 

2 determined by the Secretary. 

3 (e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

4 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this sec5 tion— 

6 (1) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; 

7 (2) $375,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; 

8 (3) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and 

9 (4) $600,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 

10 2010 through 2012. 

11 SEC. 11. PILOT PROGRAM FOR STUDENT LOAN REPAYMENT 

12 FOR FEDERAL EMPLOYEES WITH CRITICAL 

13 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, 

14 MATHEMATICS, AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE 

15 SKILLS. 

16 (a) IN GENERAL.—Subchapter VII of chapter 53 of 

17 title 5, United States Code, is amended by inserting after 

18 section 5379 the following: 

19 ‘‘§ 5379a. Pilot program for student loan repayment 

20 for Federal employees with critical 

21 science, technology, engineering, mathe22 matics, and foreign language skills 

23 ‘‘(a) In this section: 

24 ‘‘(1) The term ‘agency’ means any agency that, 

25 based on the agency’s human capital strategic plan, 


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1 has a shortfall in the number of individuals pos2 sessing critical science, technology, engineering, 

3 mathematics, and foreign language skills. 

4 ‘‘(2) The term ‘human capital strategic plan’ 

5 means an agency’s strategic plan under section 306 

6 of this title. 

7 ‘‘(3) The term ‘student loan’ means— 

8 ‘‘(A) a loan made, insured, or guaranteed 

9 under part B of title IV of the Higher Edu10 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.); 

11 ‘‘(B) a loan made under part D or E of 

12 title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 

13 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq., 1087aa et seq.); or 

14 ‘‘(C) a health education assistance loan 

15 made or insured under part A of title VII of the 

16 Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 292 et 

17 seq.) or under part E of title VIII of such Act 

18 (42 U.S.C. 297a et seq.). 

19 ‘‘(b) The Director of the Office of Personnel Manage20 ment shall establish and administer a program under 

21 which not less than 3 but not more than 5 agencies, for 

22 a period of 5 years, shall set aside an amount, as described 

23 in subsection (d), to fund a student loan repayment pro24 gram under section 5379 of this title to repay (by direct 

25 payments on behalf of the employee) any student loan preVerDate Aug 31 2005 20:22 Mar 20, 2006 Jkt 049200 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2450.IS S2450

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1 viously taken out by employees possessing science, tech2 nology, engineering, mathematics, or foreign language 

3 skills deemed critical to an agency under the agency’s 

4 human capital strategic plan. 

5 ‘‘(c) A program established under this section shall 

6 remain in effect for the 5-year period beginning on the 

7 date of enactment of the Homeland Security Education 

8 Act. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, such program 

9 shall continue to pay an employee recruited under this 

10 program who is in compliance with this section and section 

11 5379 of this title the employee’s benefits under this sec12 tion through the commitment period in accordance with 

13 section 5379(c). 

14 ‘‘(d) Each agency participating in this program shall 

15 set aside enough funds to repay the student loans of at 

16 least one-half of the number of employees needed with crit17 ical science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or for18 eign language skills, according to the agency’s human cap19 ital strategic plan. 

20 ‘‘(e)(1) Not later than 60 days after the date of en21 actment of the Homeland Security Education Act and 

22 after consultations with the heads of agencies, the Direc23 tor of the Office of Personnel Management shall propose 

24 regulations for the pilot program. 


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1 ‘‘(2) Not later than 180 days after the date on which 

2 the comment period for proposed regulations under para3 graph (1) ends, the Director of the Office of Personnel 

4 Management shall promulgate final regulations. 

5 ‘‘(f)(1)(A) Not later than 180 days after the date of 

6 enactment of the Homeland Security Education Act, the 

7 Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall re8 port to the appropriate committees of Congress on the im9 plementation of the program under this section. 

10 ‘‘(B) As part of its annual report on the Federal Gov11 ernment’s student loan repayment program under section 

12 5379, the Director of the Office of Personnel Management 

13 shall report on the status of the program established 

14 under this section and the success of such program in re15 cruiting and retaining employees possessing such skills, in16 cluding an assessment as to whether the program should 

17 be expanded to other agencies or to individuals possessing 

18 other critical skills. 

19 ‘‘(2) The head of each agency establishing a student 

20 loan repayment program under this section shall provide 

21 any necessary information to the Director of the Office 

22 of Personnel Management to enable the Director to carry 

23 out this subsection. 

24 ‘‘(g) For the purpose of enabling the Federal Govern25 ment to recruit and retain employees possessing critical 


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1 science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and foreign 

2 language skills under this section, there are authorized to 

3 be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry 

4 out this section for each fiscal year.’’. 

5 (b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENT.— 

6 The table of sections for chapter 53 of title 5, United 

7 States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relat8 ing to section 5379 the following: 

‘‘Sec. 5379a. Pilot program for student loan repayment for Federal employees 

with critical science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and 

foreign language skills.’’. 

Æ 


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