§ 331.1 Definitions. *Administrator.* The Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, or any person authorized to act for the Administrator.
*Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS).* The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
*Attorney General.* The Attorney General of the United States or any person authorized to act for the Attorney General.
*Biological agent.* Any microorganism (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa), or infectious substance, or any naturally occurring, bioengineered, or synthesized component of any such microorganism or infectious substance, capable of causing: ( 1 ) Death, disease, or other biological malfunction in a human, an animal, a plant, or another living organism;
( 2 ) Deterioration of food, water, equipment, supplies, or material of any kind; or
( 3 ) Deleterious alteration of the environment.
*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).* The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
*Diagnosis.* The analysis of specimens for the purpose of identifying or confirming the presence or characteristics of a select agent or toxin, provided that such analysis is directly related to protecting the public health or safety, animal health or animal products, or plant health or plant products.
*Entity.* Any government agency (Federal, State, or local), academic institution, corporation, company, partnership, society, association, firm, sole proprietorship, or other legal entity.
*HHS Secretary.* The Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services or his or her designee, unless otherwise specified.
*HHS select agent and/or toxin.* A biological agent or toxin listed in 42 CFR 73.3.
*Import.* To move into, or the act of movement into, the territorial limits of the United States.
*Information security.* Protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction in order to provide: ( 1 ) *Integrity,* which means guarding against improper information modification or destruction, and includes ensuring information authenticity;
( 2 ) *Confidentiality,* which means preserving authorized restrictions on access and disclosure, including means for protecting personal privacy and proprietary information; and
( 3 ) *Availability,* which means ensuring timely and reliable access to and use of information.
*Interstate.* From one State into or through any other State, or within the District of Columbia, Guam, the Virgin Islands of the United States, or any other territory or possession of the United States.
*Permit.* A written authorization by the Administrator to import or move interstate select agents or toxins, under conditions prescribed by the Administrator.
*PPQ.* The Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
*Principal investigator.* The one individual who is designated by the entity to direct a project or program and who is responsible to the entity for the scientific and technical direction of that project or program.
*Recombinant nucleic acids.* ( 1 ) Molecules that are constructed by joining nucleic acid molecules and that can replicate in a living cell; or
( 2 ) Molecules that result from the replication of those described in paragraph (1) of this definition.
*Responsible official.* The individual designated by an entity with the authority and control to ensure compliance with the regulations in this part.
*Security barrier.* A physical structure that is designed to prevent entry by unauthorized persons.
*Select agent and/or toxin.* A biological agent or toxin listed in § 331.3.
*Specimen.* Samples of material from humans, animals, plants, or the environment, or isolates or cultures from such samples, for diagnosis, verification, or proficiency testing.
*State.* Any of the several States of the United States, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Virgin Islands of the United States, or any other territory or possession of the United States.
*Synthetic nucleic acids.* ( 1 ) Molecules that are chemically or by other means synthesized or amplified, including those that are chemically or otherwise modified but can base pair with naturally occurring nucleic acid molecules (i.e., synthetic nucleic acids); or
( 2 ) Molecules that result from the replication of those described in paragraph (1) of this definition.
*Toxin.* The toxic material or product of plants, animals, microorganisms (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa), or infectious substances, or a recombinant or synthesized molecule, whatever their origin and method of production, and includes: ( 1 ) Any poisonous substance or biological product that may be engineered as a result of biotechnology produced by a living organism; or
( 2 ) Any poisonous isomer or biological product, homolog, or derivative of such a substance.
*United States.* All of the States.
*USDA.* The U.S. Department of Agriculture.
*Validated inactivation procedure.* A procedure, whose efficacy is confirmed by data generated from a viability testing protocol, to render a select agent non-viable but allows the select agent to retain characteristics of interest for future use; or to render any nucleic acids that can produce infectious forms of any select agent virus non-infectious for future use.
*Verification.* The demonstration of obtaining established performance (*e.g.*, accuracy, precision, and the analytical sensitivity and specificity) specifications for any procedure used for diagnosis.
*Viability testing protocol.* A protocol to confirm the validated inactivation procedure by demonstrating the material is free of all viable select agent.
[70 FR 13278, Mar. 18, 2005, as amended at 77 FR 61074, Oct. 5, 2012; 79 FR 26830, May 12, 2014; 82 FR 6204, Jan. 19, 2017]