United States

Department of

Agriculture

Natural

Resources

Conservation

Service

In cooperation with

Illinois Agricultural

Experiment Station Soil Survey of

Christian County,

Illinois
The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is committed to making its

information accessible to all of its customers and employees. If you are experiencing

accessibility issues and need assistance, please contact our Helpdesk by phone at

1-800-457-3642 or by e-mail at helpdesk@helpdesk.itc.nrcs.usda.gov. For assistance

with publications that include maps, graphs, or similar forms of information, you may

also wish to contact our State or local office. You can locate the correct office and

phone number at http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app.

NRCS Accessibility Statement
The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and management of small areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the Index to Map Sheets. Note the number of

the map sheet and turn to that sheet.

Locate your area of interest on the map sheet. Note the map unit symbols that are in that area. Turn to the

Contents, which lists the map units by symbol and name and shows the page where each map unit is described.

The Contents shows which table has data on a specific land use for each detailed soil map unit. Also see the

Contents for sections of this publication that may address your specific needs.

3

How To Use This Soil Survey
4

Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available on the

Natural Resources Conservation Service homepage on the World Wide Web. The

address is http://www.nrcs.usda.gov.

This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort

of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State

agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The

Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has

leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 2001. Soil names and

descriptions were approved in 2001. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this

publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 2001. This survey was made

cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Illinois

Agricultural Experiment Station. Financial assistance was provided by the Christian

County Board and the Illinois Department of Agriculture. The survey is part of the

technical assistance furnished to the Christian County Soil and Water Conservation

District.

Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these

maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged,

maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a

larger scale.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all of

its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability,

political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases

apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for

communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should

contact the USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice or TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights,

Room 326W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC

20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity

provider and employer.

Cover: Conservation tillage, CRP native grass plantings, and permanent pasture help to control

water erosion on gently sloping to strongly sloping soils in Christian County.
5

Contents

How To Use This Soil Survey ................................. 3

Numerical Index to Map Units ............................... 9

Foreword ............................................................... 11

General Nature of the County ................................. 13

Settlement and Development ............................. 13

Farming .............................................................. 13

Natural Resources ............................................. 14

Transportation Facilities ...................................... 14

Physiography and Drainage ............................... 14

Climate ............................................................... 15

How This Survey Was Made ................................... 15

Formation and Classification of the Soils .......... 17

Formation of the Soils ........................................ 17

Factors of Soil Formation ............................... 17

Parent Material ........................................... 17

Climate ....................................................... 18

Plants and Animals ..................................... 19

Topography ................................................. 19

Time ........................................................... 20

Processes of Soil Formation .......................... 20

Soils and Soil-Landscape Units...................... 21

Classification of the Soils.................................... 22

Soil Series and Detailed Soil Map Units.............. 25

Alvin Series ........................................................ 26

131C2—Alvin fine sandy loam, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded ................................ 27

Assumption Series ............................................. 27

259C2—Assumption silt loam, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded ................................ 28

Atlas Series ........................................................ 29

897C2—Bunkum-Atlas silt loams, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded ................................ 30

897C3—Bunkum-Atlas silty clay loams, 5 to

10 percent slopes, severely eroded ............. 31

Biddle Series ...................................................... 32

894A—Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams, 0 to 2

percent slopes ............................................. 33

Blackberry Series ............................................... 34

679B—Blackberry silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 35

Broadwell Series ................................................ 35

684B—Broadwell silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 37

Brooklyn Series .................................................. 37

136A—Brooklyn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 39

Buckhart Series .................................................. 39

705B—Buckhart silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 40

Bunkum Series ................................................... 40

897C2—Bunkum-Atlas silt loams, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded ................................ 42

897C3—Bunkum-Atlas silty clay loams, 5 to

10 percent slopes, severely eroded ............. 42

Camden Series .................................................. 43

134B—Camden silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 44

134C2—Camden silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 44

Clarksdale Series ............................................... 45

257A—Clarksdale silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 46

Coatsburg Series ............................................... 47

660C2—Coatsburg silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 49

Coulterville Series .............................................. 49

882A—Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville silt

loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes ........................ 51

Cowden Series ................................................... 52

112A—Cowden silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 53

Darmstadt Series ............................................... 54

882A—Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville silt

loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes ........................ 56

Denny Series...................................................... 56

45A—Denny silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ...... 58

Douglas Series ................................................... 58

128B—Douglas silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 59

128C2—Douglas silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 60

Drummer Series ................................................. 60

152A—Drummer silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes ............................................. 61

536—Dumps, mine............................................. 61

835G—Earthen dam .......................................... 62
6

Ebbert Series ..................................................... 62

48A—Ebbert silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ...... 63

Edinburg Series .................................................. 63

249A—Edinburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes ............................................. 65

Elburn Series...................................................... 65

198A—Elburn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes .... 66

Elco Series ......................................................... 67

119C2—Elco silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 68

119D2—Elco silt loam, 10 to 18 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 68

Elkhart Series ..................................................... 69

567C2—Elkhart silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 70

Greenbush Series .............................................. 70

675B—Greenbush silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 71

Harrison Series .................................................. 72

127B—Harrison silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 73

127C2—Harrison silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 73

Hartsburg Series ................................................ 74

244A—Hartsburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes ............................................. 75

Herrick Series .................................................... 75

46A—Herrick silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ..... 76

894A—Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams, 0 to 2

percent slopes ............................................. 77

Hickory Series .................................................... 78

8D2—Hickory loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes,

eroded ......................................................... 79

8D3—Hickory clay loam, 10 to 18 percent

slopes, severely eroded ............................... 80

8F—Hickory silt loam, 18 to 35 percent

slopes .......................................................... 80

Ipava Series ....................................................... 80

43A—Ipava silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ........ 81

Kendall Series .................................................... 82

242A—Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 83

7242A—Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, rarely flooded ................................... 84

Keomah Series ................................................... 84

17A—Keomah silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 85

830—Landfills .................................................... 86

Martinsville Series .............................................. 86

570D2—Martinsville sandy loam, 10 to 18

percent slopes, eroded ................................ 87

570F—Martinsville loam, 18 to 35 percent

slopes .......................................................... 88

Middletown Series .............................................. 88

685B—Middletown silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 89

MW—Miscellaneous water ................................. 89

Oconee Series ................................................... 90

113A—Oconee silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 91

113B—Oconee silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 92

882A—Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville silt

loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes ........................ 92

802B—Orthents, loamy, undulating .................... 93

Osco Series ....................................................... 94

86B—Osco silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ........ 94

Pana Series ........................................................ 95

256C2—Pana silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded ............................................. 96

Piasa Series ....................................................... 96

474A—Piasa silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ..... 98

894A—Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams, 0 to 2

percent slopes ............................................. 98

865—Pits, gravel ................................................ 99

864—Pits, quarries ............................................. 99

Proctor Series .................................................. 100

7148A—Proctor silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, rarely flooded ................................. 100

Radford Series ................................................. 101

3074A—Radford silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded .......................... 102

Ross Series ...................................................... 102

3073A—Ross silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded .......................... 103

Rozetta Series.................................................. 103

279B—Rozetta silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes ........................................................ 104
7

Sable Series ..................................................... 104

68A—Sable silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes ........................................................ 105

Sawmill Series .................................................. 106

3107A—Sawmill silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded ............. 107

Senachwine Series .......................................... 107

618G—Senachwine loam, 35 to 60 percent

slopes ........................................................ 108

Shiloh Series .................................................... 108

138A—Shiloh silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes ........................................................ 109

Spaulding Series .............................................. 110

712A—Spaulding silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes ........................................... 111

Tice Series ....................................................... 111

3284A—Tice silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded .......................... 112

533—Urban land .............................................. 113

Vesser Series ................................................... 113

8396A—Vesser silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ...................... 114

Virden Series.................................................... 114

50A—Virden silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes ........................................................ 115

W—Water......................................................... 115

Use and Management of the Soils .................... 117

Interpretive Ratings .......................................... 117

Rating Class Terms ...................................... 117

Numerical Ratings........................................ 117

Crops and Pasture ........................................... 117

Management Considerations on Cropland ... 118

Management Considerations on Pasture ..... 119

Yields per Acre............................................. 121

Land Capability Classification ...................... 121

Prime Farmland ........................................... 122

Hydric Soils ...................................................... 123

Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings ........ 123

Forestland ........................................................ 124

Forest Productivity ....................................... 125

Forest Management ..................................... 125

Recreation ........................................................ 126

Wildlife Habitat ................................................. 128

Engineering ...................................................... 129

Building Site Development ........................... 130

Sanitary Facilities ......................................... 131

Construction Materials ................................. 133

Water Management...................................... 133

Waste Management ......................................... 134

Soil Properties .................................................... 137

Engineering Index Properties ........................... 137

Physical Properties .......................................... 138

Chemical Properties ......................................... 139

Water Features ................................................. 140

Soil Features .................................................... 141

References .......................................................... 143

Glossary .............................................................. 145

Tables .................................................................. 157

Table 1.—Temperature and Precipitation .......... 158

Table 2.—Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall........ 159

Table 3.—Growing Season ............................... 159

Table 4.—Classification of the Soils .................. 160

Table 5.—Acreage and Proportionate Extent

of the Soils ................................................. 161

Table 6.—Limitations and Hazards Affecting

Cropland and Pasture ................................ 163

Table 7.—Land Capability and Yields per

Acre of Crops and Pasture ......................... 167

Table 8.—Prime Farmland ................................ 170

Table 9.—Hydric Soils ...................................... 171

Table 10.—Windbreaks and Environmental

Plantings .................................................... 174

Table 11.—Forestland Productivity ................... 186

Table 12a.—Forestland Management ............... 194

Table 12b.—Forestland Management ............... 201

Table 12c.—Forestland Management ............... 207

Table 12d.—Forestland Management ............... 212

Table 12e.—Forestland Management ............... 216

Table 13a.—Recreation .................................... 221

Table 13b.—Recreation .................................... 228

Table 14.—Wildlife Habitat ................................ 234

Table 15a.—Building Site Development ............ 239

Table 15b.—Building Site Development ............ 246

Table 16a.—Sanitary Facilities ......................... 255

Table 16b.—Sanitary Facilities.......................... 263

Table 17a.—Construction Materials .................. 270

Table 17b.—Construction Materials .................. 276

Table 18a.—Water Management ...................... 284

Table 18b.—Water Management ...................... 291

Table 19.—Engineering Index Properties ......... 299
8

Table 20.—Physical Properties of the Soils ...... 312

Table 21.—Chemical Properties of the Soils..... 319

Table 22.—Water Features ............................... 326

Table 23.—Soil Features .................................. 331

Issued 2004
9

8D2—Hickory loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes,

eroded ................................................................ 79

8D3—Hickory clay loam, 10 to 18 percent

slopes, severely eroded...................................... 80

8F—Hickory silt loam, 18 to 35 percent slopes ....... 80

17A—Keomah silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ....... 85

43A—Ipava silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ............ 81

45A—Denny silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes .......... 58

46A—Herrick silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ......... 76

48A—Ebbert silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes .......... 63

50A—Virden silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes............................................................... 115

68A—Sable silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes............................................................... 105

86B—Osco silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ............ 94

112A—Cowden silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes...... 53

113A—Oconee silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ...... 91

113B—Oconee silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ...... 92

119C2—Elco silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes,

eroded ................................................................ 68

119D2—Elco silt loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes,

eroded ................................................................ 68

127B—Harrison silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ..... 73

127C2—Harrison silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded .................................................... 73

128B—Douglas silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes...... 59

128C2—Douglas silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded .................................................... 60

131C2—Alvin fine sandy loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded .................................................... 27

134B—Camden silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ..... 44

134C2—Camden silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded .................................................... 44

136A—Brooklyn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ..... 39

138A—Shiloh silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes............................................................... 109

152A—Drummer silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes................................................................. 61

198A—Elburn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ........ 66

242A—Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ....... 83

244A—Hartsburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes................................................................. 75

249A—Edinburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes................................................................. 65

256C2—Pana silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes,

eroded ................................................................ 96

257A—Clarksdale silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes................................................................. 46

259C2—Assumption silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded .................................................... 28

279B—Rozetta silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes .... 104

474A—Piasa silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes .......... 98

533—Urban land .................................................. 113

536—Dumps, mine ................................................. 61

567C2—Elkhart silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded .................................................... 70

570D2—Martinsville sandy loam, 10 to 18

percent slopes, eroded ....................................... 87

570F—Martinsville loam, 18 to 35 percent

slopes................................................................. 88

618G—Senachwine loam, 35 to 60 percent

slopes............................................................... 108

660C2—Coatsburg silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded .................................................... 49

675B—Greenbush silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes................................................................. 71

679B—Blackberry silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes................................................................. 35

684B—Broadwell silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes................................................................. 37

685B—Middletown silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes................................................................. 89

705B—Buckhart silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes .... 40

712A—Spaulding silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes............................................................... 111

802B—Orthents, loamy, undulating ........................ 93

830—Landfills ......................................................... 86

835G—Earthen dam .............................................. 62

864—Pits, quarries ................................................. 99

865—Pits, gravel .................................................... 99

882A—Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville

silt loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes ............. 51, 56, 92

894A—Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams,

0 to 2 percent slopes .............................. 33, 77, 98

897C2—Bunkum-Atlas silt loams, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded ................................. 30, 42

897C3—Bunkum-Atlas silty clay loams, 5 to

10 percent slopes, severely eroded .............. 31, 42

Numerical Index to Map Units
10

3073A—Ross silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded ............................................. 103

3074A—Radford silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded................................. 102

3107A—Sawmill silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded................................. 107

3284A—Tice silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded................................. 112

7148A—Proctor silt loam,0 to 2 percent

slopes, rarely flooded ....................................... 100

7242A—Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, rarely flooded ......................................... 84

8396A—Vesser silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ............................. 114

MW—Miscellaneous water ..................................... 89

W—Water ............................................................. 115
11

This soil survey contains information that affects land use planning in this survey

area. It contains predictions of soil behavior for selected land uses. The survey also

highlights soil limitations, improvements needed to overcome the limitations, and the

impact of selected land uses on the environment.

This soil survey is designed for many different users. Farmers, foresters, and

agronomists can use it to evaluate the potential of the soil and the management needed

for maximum food and fiber production. Planners, community officials, engineers,

developers, builders, and home buyers can use the survey to plan land use, select sites

for construction, and identify special practices needed to ensure proper performance.

Conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, wildlife

management, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the survey to help them

understand, protect, and enhance the environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose

special restrictions on land use or land treatment. The information in this report is

intended to identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land

treatment decisions. Statements made in this report are intended to help the land users

identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or

user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are

seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are shallow to bedrock. Some are too

unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are

poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil

poorly suited to basements or underground installations.

These and many other soil properties that affect land use are described in this soil

survey. The location of each soil is shown on the detailed soil maps. Each soil in the

survey area is described. Information on specific uses is given for each soil. Help in

using this publication and additional information are available at the local office of the

Natural Resources Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

William J. Gradle

State Conservationist

Natural Resources Conservation Service

Foreword

13

General Nature of the County

CHRISTIAN COUNTY is in the central part of Illinois (fig.

1). It has a total area of 458,340 acres, or about 716

square miles. In 2000, the population of the county

was 35,372. The population of Taylorville, the county

seat, was 11,427 (United States Census Bureau,

2002).

This soil survey updates the survey of Christian

County published in 1994 (Illinois Agricultural

Experiment Station Soil Report No. 143;

Berning,1994). The 1994 survey replaced a survey of

Christian County soils published in 1950 (Illinois

Agricultural Experiment Station Soil Report No.73;

Fehrenbacher et al., 1950).

Settlement and Development

 The area now known as Christian County at one

time was part of the hunting grounds of the Kickapoo,

Potawatomi, Sac, and Fox Tribes (Gardner et al.,

1968). In 1818, settlers from Tennessee and Kentucky

arrived in the survey area. The county was established

in 1839 from parts of Sangamon, Montgomery, and

Shelby Counties. Its original name, Dane County, was

changed to Christian County in 1840. Taylorville was

established in 1839.

The early settlers cleared and farmed the timbered

areas. By 1830, metal plows were available and the

settlers started plowing the prairie. At that time, about

75 percent of the county supported prairie grasses. By

1875, underground drain tiles were available. They

were used to drain cultivated areas of the wet, nearly

level soils.

Farming

 The primary enterprise in the county is farming.

Corn, soybeans, and wheat are the main crops.

Grasses and legumes are grown in some areas, and

some farms raise livestock.

In 1997, Christian County had 820 farms, which

made up 389,958 acres, or about 85 percent of the

total land area in the county. A total of 366,457 acres

Soil Survey of

Christian County, Illinois

By Robert A. Tegeler, Natural Resources Conservation Service

Fieldwork for this update of the survey of Christian County: John W. Ford,

James K. Hornickel, Steven E. Suhl, William M. Teater, and Robert A. Tegeler,

Natural Resources Conservation Service

Map compilation by Dale A. Baumgartner and William M. Teater, Natural Resources

Conservation Service

Fieldwork for the survey of Christian County published in 1994: Gerald Berning

(survey leader) and Steven E. Suhl, Soil Conservation Service, and Robert J. Linder

and Phillip L. Mansfield, Christian County

Fieldwork for Christian County Soils (1950), Soil Report 73: J.B. Fehrenbacher,

R.S. Smith, and R.T. Odell, University of Illinois, College of Agriculture, Illinois

Agricultural Experiment Station

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service,

in cooperation with

the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station
14 Soil Survey of

is cropland. Of this total, about 348,915 acres is used

for corn or soybeans and about 6,319 acres is used

for wheat. In 1997, the county had 2,766 cattle and

calves and 55,547 hogs and pigs (USDA,1997).

Natural Resources

 The coal resource in Christian County is estimated

at 4,415 million tons. Small active oil fields are in the

northern and eastern parts of the county. Generally

thin deposits of limestone are in scattered areas. An

active limestone quarry is in the southern part of the

county.

The county has about 4,000 acres of impounded

water. Sangchris Lake, the largest impoundment,

makes up about 2,700 acres; Lake Taylorville,

makes up 1,148 acres; and Lake Pana, makes up 211

acres.

Transportation Facilities

 The transportation network in the county

consists mainly of two State highways, several railroad

lines, one municipal airport, and numerous county

roads.

Physiography and Drainage

Most of Christian County is nearly level and gently

sloping. A large part of the county is essentially on a

flat till plain that is covered with loess.

During the Pleistocene, the Illinoian glacier covered

all of the county. In most areas deposits of glacial drift

average 50 feet thick (Willman and Fry, 1970). After

the glacier receded, the county was nearly level. As a

result of geologic erosion, stream valleys and

drainageways dissect the landscape.

LEGEND

95B—Southern Wisconsin and Northern Illinois Drift Plain

98—Southern Michigan and Northern Indiana Drift Plain

105—Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills

108A and 108B—Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift

110—Northern Illinois and Indiana Heavy Till Plain

113—Central Claypan Area

114B—Southern Illinois and Indiana Thin Loess and Till Plain

115A, 115B, and 115C—Central Mississippi Valley Wooded Slopes

120A—Kentucky and Indiana Sandstone and Shale Hills and

Valleys

131A—Southern Mississippi Valley Alluvium

134—Southern Mississippi Valley Silty Uplands

Figure 1.—Location of Christian County and major land resource areas (MLRAs) in Illinois (USDA, 1981).
Christian County, Illinois 15

The county has three somewhat separate rolling

morainal areas. Several morainal ridges and hills, one

of which is Mt. Auburn, are in the northern part of the

county. In the east-central part of the county, a nearly

continuous ridge extends from Taylorville

northeastward to the county line east of Stonington.

This ridge is relatively low near Taylorville but

becomes more prominent farther to the northeast. It

generally is less than three-quarters of a mile wide.

The most prominent ridge in the southeastern part of

the county extends from the county line east of Pana

to the county line southwest of Rosamond. In most

areas this ridge is 1

/2 mile to 11/2 miles wide. Surface

water in areas south of this ridge drains into the

Kaskaskia River, and that in the rest of the county

drains into the Sangamon River. Extensive bottoms

and stream terraces are along the Sangamon River,

the South Fork of the Sangamon River, and Flat

Branch.

Climate

Prepared by the National Water and Climate Center, Natural

Resources Conservation Service, and the Illinois State Water

Survey.

 Table 1 gives data on temperature and precipitation

for the survey area as recorded at Moweaqua in the

period 1970 to 1999. Table 2 shows probable dates of

the first freeze in fall and the last freeze in spring.

Table 3 provides data on length of the growing season.

In winter, the average temperature is 29.5 degrees

F and the average daily minimum temperature is 20.3

degrees. The lowest temperature on record, which

occurred at Moweaqua on January 19,1994, is -26

degrees. In summer, the average temperature is 74

degrees and the average daily maximum temperature

is 85.6 degrees. The highest recorded temperature,

which occurred at Moweaqua on June 25, 1988, is 104

degrees.

Growing degree days are shown in table 1. They

are equivalent to “heat units.” During the month,

growing degree days accumulate by the amount that

the average temperature each day exceeds a base

temperature (50 degrees F). The normal monthly

accumulation is used to schedule single or successive

plantings of a crop between the last freeze in spring

and the first freeze in fall.

The total average annual precipitation is 37.53

inches. Of this, 22.68 inches, or about 60 percent,

usually falls in April through September. The growing

season for most crops falls within this period. In 2

years out of 10, the rainfall in April through September

is less than 11.2 inches. The heaviest 1-day rainfall

during the period of record was 4.01 inches at

Moweaqua on July 10, 1971.

Average seasonal snowfall is 10.2 inches. The

greatest snow depth at any one time during the period

of record was 20.0 inches at Moweaqua on December

25, 1983. On the average, 9 days of the year have at

least 1 inch of snow on the ground. The number of

such days varies greatly from year to year.

How This Survey Was Made

This survey was made to provide updated

information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in

Christian County, which is a subset of Major Land

Resource Areas (MLRAs) 108B and 114B (fig. 1).

MLRAs are geographically associated land resource

units that share a common land use, elevation,

topography, climate, pattern of water and soils, and

vegetation (USDA, 1981). Map unit design is based on

the occurrence of each soil throughout the MLRAs. In

some cases a soil component may be referred to that

does not occur in the Christian County subset but that

has been mapped within the MLRAs.

The information in this survey includes a description

of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their

suitability, limitations, and management for specified

uses.

Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and

shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage;

the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of

bedrock. They prepared new soil profile descriptions

and studied many existing soil profile descriptions.

These descriptions show the sequence of natural

layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from

the surface down into the unconsolidated material in

which the soil formed. The unconsolidated material is

devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not

been changed by other biological activity.

The soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey

area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the

geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural

vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and

miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind

or segment of the landscape. By observing the soils

and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and

relating their position to specific segments of the

landscape, soil scientists develop a concept, or model,

of how the soils were formed. Thus, during the update,

this model enables the soil scientists to predict with a
16

considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or

miscellaneous area at a specific location on the

landscape.

Individual soils on the landscape commonly merge

into one another as their characteristics gradually

change. To construct an accurate map, however, soil

scientists must determine the boundaries between the

soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil

profiles. Nevertheless, these observations,

supplemented by an understanding of the soilvegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to

verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to

determine the boundaries.

Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the

soil profiles that they observed. The maximum depth of

observation was about 80 inches (6.7 feet). The soil

scientists noted soil color, texture, size and shape of

soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments,

distribution of plant roots, soil reaction, and other

features that enable them to identify soils. After

describing the soils in the survey area and

determining their properties, the soil scientists

assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).

Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic

class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely

defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for

comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil

taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used

in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and

character of soil properties and the arrangement of

horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists

classified and named the soils in the survey area, they

compared the individual soils with similar soils in the

same taxonomic class in other areas so that they

could confirm data and assemble additional data

based on experience and research.

While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some

of the soils in the area generally are collected for

laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil

scientists interpret the data from these analyses and

tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and

the soil properties to determine the expected behavior

of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all

of the soils are field tested through observation of the

soils in different uses and under different levels of

management. Interpretations are modified as

necessary to fit local conditions, and some new

interpretations are developed to meet local needs.

Data are assembled from other sources, such as

research information, production records, and field

experience of specialists. For example, data on crop

yields under defined levels of management are

assembled from farm records and from field or plot

experiments on the same kinds of soil.

Predictions about soil behavior are based not only

on soil properties but also on such variables as

climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are

predictable over long periods of time, but they are not

predictable from year to year. For example, soil

scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of

accuracy that a given soil will have a seasonal high

water table within certain depths in most years, but

they cannot predict that the water table will always be

at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After

soil scientists located and identified the significant

natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the

boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and

identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial

photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and

rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries

accurately.

Aerial photographs used in this update survey area

were taken in 1993. Soil scientists also studied U.S.

Geological Survey topographic maps enlarged to a

scale of 1:12,000 and orthophotographs to relate land

and image features. Specific soil boundaries from the

soil maps published in 1990 were drawn on the

orthophotographs. Adjustments of soil boundary lines

were made to coincide with the U.S. Geological

Survey topographic map contour lines and tonal

patterns on aerial photographs.

The descriptions, names, and delineations of

the soils in this county may not fully agree with

those of the soils in adjacent counties. Differences

are the result of a better knowledge of soils,

modifications in series concepts, or variations in the

intensity of mapping or in the extent of the soils in

the counties.
17

This section relates the soils in the survey area to

the major factors and processes of soil formation and

describes the system of soil classification.

Formation of the Soils

Steve Suhl, Resource Soil Scientist, Natural Resources

Conservation Service, helped prepare this section.

A soil is a three-dimensional natural body

consisting of mineral and organic material that can

support plant growth. The nature of any soil at a given

site is the result of the interaction of the major factors

of soil formation and their influence on the processes

of soil formation.

Factors of Soil Formation

The major factors of soil formation are parent

material, climate, plants and animals, topography, and

time (Jenny, 1941). Climate and plants and animals

act directly on the parent material, which is modified

by topography over time. Theoretically, if all these

factors were identical at different sites, the soils at

these sites would be identical. The diversity among

soils is the result of unique combinations of the soilforming factors. Soils are continually evolving in

response to these factors.

Parent Material

Parent material is the unconsolidated geologic

material in which a soil forms. It determines the basis

for the chemical and mineralogical composition of the

soil. The properties of the parent material vary greatly,

sometimes within small areas, depending on how the

material was deposited. The soils in Christian County

formed in variety of parent materials. The majority of

the soils formed in loess. Other soils formed in glacial

drift, alluvium, eolian deposits, or a combination of

these.

Glacial drift is glacially deposited sediment.

Christian County has two main types of glacial drift—

till and outwash. Till is material that was deposited

directly by glacial ice with little or no water action. It

typically has particles that vary in size, including sand,

silt, clay, and some pebbles, cobbles, and larger rock

fragments. The small pebbles in till generally have

distinct edges and corners, indicating that they have

not been subject to intense washing by water. Till is

well graded and unstratified. The till in Christian

County was deposited during the Illinoian age as

ground moraines and end moraines. Ground moraines

are gently undulating plains of glacial sediment

deposited when the ice front retreated. End moraines

are ridges along the edge of the glacier where the

flowing ice was melting as fast as it was moving

forward. Soils that formed in till are of minor extent in

the county. Hickory soils are examples.

During the Sangamon interglacial stage, which

occurred between the Illinoian and Wisconsinan

stages, the relatively flat, stable till surface was

exposed to intense weathering. A soil formed on the till

surface and was subsequently buried by depositions

of loess. In Christian County, the loess deposits were

thick enough to remove the soil from the influence of

the active soil-forming processes. The soils that

formed in the till are called paleosols, and they reflect

the environmental conditions of their formation period.

There are several types of paleosols. The two types in

Christian County are called buried and exhumed

paleosols. A buried paleosol generally is no longer

subject to the soil-forming processes that created it. In

some areas where the loess deposits are thinner,

however, the current processes of soil formation have

extended through the loess and into the upper part of

the paleosol. The result is a welded soil profile. Elco

soils are examples of soils that formed in these areas.

An exhumed paleosol is in areas where erosion has

removed the overlying loess and exposed the paleosol

to the modern soil surface. Atlas soils are examples of

soils that formed in these areas.

Outwash includes all sediments deposited by

running water from melting glaciers. The size of the

particles that can be transported by water, either as

bed load or suspended sediments, depends on the

gradient, volume, and velocity of the moving water.

Water velocity decreases when a stream loses grade

or flows into a larger body of water. As the velocity

decreases, suspended particles begin to settle out.

The coarser materials, such as gravel and cobbles,

Formation and Classification of the Soils
18 Soil Survey of

are deposited nearer to the source; the finer materials,

such as fine sands, silts, and clays, are carried farther

downstream. The pebbles in outwash generally have

rounded edges and corners, indicating that they have

been subject to intense washing by water. Outwash is

poorly graded, is stratified, and varies in composition

because of variations in the flow of water. The outwash

in Christian County was deposited during the

Wisconsinan age as outwash plains and valley trains.

Outwash plains are broad, flat areas of stratified

material deposited by meltwater along the ice front.

Valley trains are areas of stratified material deposited

in valleys beyond the ice margins. Soils that formed in

loess and the underlying outwash are of minor extent

in the county. Camden soils are examples.

Alluvium is material deposited by running water. It is

generally finer textured and more weathered than

outwash. Stream alluvium is the only kind of alluvium

in Christian County.

Stream alluvium is soil material deposited by

floodwater along streams. The source of the alluvium

generally is material eroded from other parent

materials farther upstream in the watershed. Stream

alluvium is poorly graded, stratified, and well sorted.

The texture of the soil material varies, depending on

the speed of the floodwater, the duration of flooding,

and the distance from the streambank. Once the faster

moving water within the stream channel is outside the

channel, it slows quickly as the concentrated channel

flow changes to broad overland flow. The capacity of

the stream to carry a sediment load decreases as the

water velocity decreases. The coarser textured

material is deposited first, near the channel. The fine

textured material is carried a greater distance from the

channel. Ross soils are examples of soils that formed

the coarser textured alluvium close to the stream

channel. Tice soils formed in the finer textured

alluvium farther from the stream channel.

Eolian sediments are materials transported and

deposited by the wind. These sediments were derived

from periglacial regions where sparse vegetation and

low temperatures and precipitation rates left

unconsolidated sediments exposed to wind action. The

unconsolidated sediments, primarily outwash, were

then stripped of their finer components by the strong

wind. The types of eolian sediment in Christian County

are loess and windblown sand. Loess is the main

eolian sediment and the major parent material of the

soils in the county. It is made up primarily of silt. It is

fine grained and poorly graded. It is about 7 feet thick

on the nearly level uplands in the northern part of the

county and thins to about 4 feet in the southern part.

Buckhart soils formed in loess.

Windblown sand is a minor parent material in the

county. It commonly forms dunes along the major

valleys that serve as the principal source of the sand.

The deposits of sand thin quickly from the source,

generally within 1 mile, and commonly are interbedded

with loess. Windblown sand is poorly graded.

Broadwell soils formed in loess overlying windblown

sand.

Climate

The climate in Christian County has significantly

affected the soil-forming processes. The county has a

humid, temperate climate. In this climatic environment,

physical and chemical weathering of the parent

material can occur along with the accumulation of

organic matter, the decomposition of minerals, the

formation and translocation of clay, the leaching of

soluble compounds, and alternating periods of

freezing and thawing.

The two climatic factors that have the greatest

influence on soil-forming processes are precipitation

and temperature. Precipitation supplies the moisture

needed for most physical and chemical processes and

determines the depth to which these processes occur.

The soil moisture regime, which is partially a function

of precipitation, determines the processes that occur

in the soil. The rate at which these physical and

chemical processes proceed depends on the

temperature, particularly the soil temperature regime.

Two soil moisture regimes occur in the county—

aquic and udic. The aquic moisture regime is a

reducing regime in a soil that is virtually free of

dissolved oxygen because of saturation by water,

including water of the capillary fringe. Biological

activity is necessary for the removal of dissolved

oxygen from ground water. Therefore, the soil

temperature must be above biologic zero

(5 degrees C) for some time while the soil is

saturated. Sawmill soils have an aquic soil moisture

regime. The udic moisture regime is one in which the

soil moisture control section is not dry in any part for

as long as 90 cumulative days per year. Also required,

except for short periods, is a three-phase system,

solid-liquid-gas, in part or all of the soil moisture

control section when the soil temperature is above

biologic zero. Camden soils have a udic soil moisture

regime.

The mesic soil temperature regime is the only

temperature regime recognized in the county. This

regime is one in which the mean annual soil

temperature is 8 degrees to less than 15 degrees C

and the difference between mean summer and mean

winter soil temperatures is more than 5 degrees C at a

depth of 20 inches.
Christian County, Illinois 19

Plants and Animals

Living organisms impact soil formation. They

include vegetation; macrofauna, such as earthworms;

micro-organisms, such as algae, bacteria, and fungi;

and humans. The vegetation under which a soil forms

influences several important soil properties, such as

color, structure, reaction, and content and distribution

of organic matter. Vegetation extracts water from the

soil, recycles nutrients, and adds organic matter to the

soil. Gases derived from root respiration combine with

water to form acids that influence the weathering of

minerals.

Several different types of vegetation have

influenced soil formation in Christian County. These

include prairie vegetation, upland hardwood forests,

forest and prairie vegetation in transitional areas, and

vegetation on flood plains.

Prairie vegetation.—This vegetation produces large

amounts of organic matter in the soil. Most of the

organic matter is directly deposited within the

developing soil profile through the decomposition of

roots and the incorporation of surface organic residues

by animals. The well distributed subsurface

accumulations of organic material result in

development of a thick, dark surface layer. Buckhart

soils formed under prairie vegetation. The average

content of organic matter in the surface layer of these

soils is 3 to 4 percent.

Upland hardwood forests.—These forests

contribute organic matter to the soil primarily when

they add leaf litter to the surface each year, resulting in

a thin dark surface layer. Rozetta soils formed under

this type of vegetation. The average content of organic

matter in the surface layer of these soils is 1 to 3

percent.

Forest and prairie vegetation in transitional areas.—

Soils that formed in these areas exhibit modified

characteristics of both forest and prairie vegetative

regimes. An example is Clarksdale soils, which have a

surface layer that is slightly thinner than that of the

soils that formed under prairie vegetation. The average

content of organic matter in the surface layer of

Clarksdale soils is 2 to 3 percent.

Vegetation on flood plains.—The soils on these

plains formed under a combination of trees and

grasses. They have colors that largely reflect those of

the sediments in which they formed. Tice soils are

examples.

Bacteria, fungi, and many other micro-organisms

decompose organic matter and release nutrients to

growing plants. They influence the formation of peds.

Soil properties, such as drainage, temperature, and

reaction, influence the type of micro-organisms that

live in the soil. Fungi are generally more active in the

more acid soils, while bacteria are more active in the

less acid soils.

Earthworms, crayfish, insects, and small burrowing

animals mix the soil and create small channels that

influence soil aeration and the percolation of water.

Earthworms help to incorporate crop residue or other

organic matter into the soil. The organic material

improves tilth. In areas that are well populated with

earthworms, the leaf litter that accumulates on the soil

in the fall is generally incorporated into the soil by the

following spring. If the earthworm population is low,

part of the leaf fall can remain on the surface of the

soil for several years.

Human activities have significantly influenced soil

formation through their effect on soil health. Soil health

has been damaged by degradation processes, such

as erosion, compaction, contamination,

disaggregation, loss of biological activity, and nutrient

depletion. Native forests have been cleared and wet

soils drained for farming and other uses. The

development of land for urban uses has significantly

influenced the soils in some areas.

Topography

Topography, or the configuration of the land surface

in terms of relief and contour, influences soil formation

mainly through its effect on surface water runoff or

accumulation, depth to the water table, and erosion

and deposition. The degree of the effect of topography

depends on the type and stability of the land surface.

There are two types of land surfaces—aggrading

and degrading—and three levels of stability—stable,

metastable, and active. The aggrading surfaces in

Christian County receive material either through the

deposition associated with flooding or through the

accumulation of erosional sediments. Ross soils

formed on natural levees on flood plains. The natural

levees are an example of active-aggrading land

surfaces. They receive depositions of sediment during

frequent episodes of flooding. Virden soils formed in

broad, low areas on drainage divides that receive

runoff from upslope areas but accumulate little

sediment from hillslope erosion. These broad, low

areas are an example of stable-aggrading land

surfaces.

Degrading surfaces lose material primarily through

erosion. Keomah soils formed on the broad summits of

interfluves. These broad summits are an example of

stable-degrading surfaces, where runoff is limited. Elco

soils are on the shoulders of hillslopes and thus are

more susceptible to runoff and erosion than the

Keomah soils. Shoulders are metastable-degrading

surfaces, where increased runoff leads to higher rates

of erosion. Backslopes are an example of active-
20 Soil Survey of

degrading surfaces. Hickory soils are on backslopes,

where runoff and erosion rates are highest.

Time

Evaluation of time as a factor of soil formation is

difficult because of the effects of the other soil-forming

factors. The influence of time can be modified by

erosion, deposition of material, topography, and kind of

parent material. The length of time that the parent

material has been exposed to soil-forming processes

influences the degree of genetic horizon development

that occurs in the soil. Most of the soils in Christian

County have been forming long enough for the

development of distinct layers, or horizons. Rozetta

soils are examples of well developed soils.

Soils on flood plains receive alluvial material during

each flood. This repeated deposition interrupts soil

formation, resulting in weak profile development. Tice

soils are examples of immature soils that formed in

stream alluvium.

Processes of Soil Formation

Soil forms through the complex interaction of four

general processes. These processes are additions,

transformations, removals, and translocations. The

degree of interaction of each these processes varies,

resulting in the variety of soils on the landscape.

Additions to the soil can occur directly through the

deposition of sediment by floodwater or through the

accumulation of windblown sediment. They also occur

through the accumulation and incorporation of organic

matter in the A horizon of mineral soils. The most

striking example of this addition is the formation of a

mollic epipedon. The mollic epipedon forms in an

environment that features optimum amounts of

moisture, temperature, and bivalent cations. Such an

environment allows grasses to thrive. The grassland

vegetation produces large amounts of organic matter.

Microbial decomposition of subsurface organic

residues and of surface organic residues taken

underground by soil fauna results in the most

recognizable property of the mollic epipedon, a dark

color. Ipava soils are examples of soils that have a

mollic epipedon.

Transformations are changes that take place in the

soil through the interaction of biological, chemical, and

physical processes. An example is the reduction of

iron and manganese oxides, which occurs in soils that

are saturated with water. Typically, iron oxides coat soil

particles and produce brownish, yellowish, or reddish

colors, and manganese oxides produce black colors.

When a soil becomes saturated with water and the

dissolved oxygen is removed, anaerobic conditions

develop. These conditions result in changes in the

biochemical processes occurring in the soils and in

the development of distinctive soil morphological

characteristics (redoximorphic features). Reduced iron

and manganese can move with the soil water to other

parts of the soil or can be removed entirely from the

soil by leaching. After the iron and manganese are

removed, the leached area, or depletion zone,

generally is grayish or whitish. If the reduced iron

comes in contact with oxygen, it can reoxidize. The

result is the formation of bright colored concentrations

or accumulations. Repeated cycles of saturation and

drying result in a mottled soil. Part of the soil is gray

because of the loss of iron, and other parts are brown

because the iron oxide has accumulated or has not

been removed. The somewhat poorly drained Ipava

soils are examples of soils in which this process has

occurred. Iron may be leached from soils that remain

saturated for long periods. Such soils are generally

grayish or gleyed. The poorly drained Sawmill soils are

examples.

Removals from the soil can occur as solid mineral

and organic particles are lost through erosion of the

soil surface. Such losses can be serious because the

material lost generally is from the most productive part

of the soil profile.

Removals can also occur as a result of leaching.

The leaching of calcium carbonate from calcareous

loess is an example. The loess was initially high in

content of calcium carbonate. Water percolating

through the loess dissolved the calcium carbonate and

transported it deeper into the solum. Calcium

carbonate is relatively soluble and is removed early in

the formation of the soil. It is also a powerful flocculent,

creating soil particles too large to be transported in

suspension in the soil water. Removal of calcium

carbonate facilitates the dispersion of clay particles.

Translocation of the dispersed clay particles can then

occur in percolating soil water.

Translocations are movements of material from one

part of the soil to another. An example is the

translocation of clay from the A or E horizon, the zone

of eluviation or loss, to the B horizon, the zone of

illuviation or gain. In Rozetta soils, for example, a

significant amount of clay has accumulated, forming

an illuvial horizon called an argillic horizon. The argillic

horizon developed on a relatively old, stable

landscape. Water from rain and melting snow

transferred fine clay from the A or E horizon downward

to the B horizon, where the clay particles were

deposited on the faces of peds and along pores.

Another example of a translocation occurs in soils that

have a high content of sodium in the subsoil. The

sodium affects the dispersion of clay by accelerating
Christian County, Illinois 21

clay illuviation. A special type of argillic horizon, called

a natric horizon, forms. Piasa soils are examples of

soils with a natric horizon.

Soils and Soil-Landscape Units

Soils are natural bodies that are distributed on the

landscape in a predictable way in response to a

systematic interaction of the five factors of soil

formation. The relationship of the landscape to the five

factors results in a soil-landscape unit (Hudson, 1992).

A soil-landscape unit is similar to a landform that has

been modified by one or more of the soil-forming

factors. Within a particular soil-landscape unit, the

same kind of soil should form. Changes in the

interaction of one or more of the five factors leads to a

change in the soil-landscape unit, influencing the soilforming processes and the soil that forms within this

unit.

The following paragraphs describe the relationships

and interactions that occur in some of the more

common soil-landscape units in Christian County and

the soils that have formed in these units.

Upland landscapes predominate in Christian

County. These landscapes range from broad, relatively

undissected drainage divides to dissected areas

adjacent to streams and creeks.

Low areas on the broad drainage divides are on

stable-aggrading land surfaces. The parent material in

these areas is loess. Much of the calcium carbonate

that was present when the loess was deposited has

been leached to a sufficient depth to facilitate soil

formation. Water enters the developing soil system as

direct precipitation and as runoff from upslope areas,

resulting in a wet soil microclimate. A seasonal high

water table is at or near the surface much of the year,

and at times the areas are ponded. Redoximorphic

features associated with prolonged saturated

conditions, such as a depleted soil matrix and iron and

manganese accumulations along root channels and

pores, occur throughout the soil profile.

The native vegetation in this landscape unit

consisted of prairie grasses. Additions of large

amounts of organic matter from the incorporation of

plant residues by soil fauna and from decomposition of

the extensive and deep root systems of the grasses

resulted in a thick, dark surface horizon, called a

mollic epipedon.

The saturated conditions and poor aeration

influenced the rate at which organic matter

decomposed. This rate is slower in soils that are

saturated for prolonged periods, resulting in a thicker

mollic epipedon and a higher content of organic matter

than is characteristic of the better aerated positions

upslope. The extended periods of saturation also

impeded the illuviation of clay and formation of an

argillic horizon. A cambic horizon has developed

through the aggregation of soil particles into structural

units, or peds, and the development of redoximorphic

features.

Sable soils formed in this soil-landscape unit. Lowlying soils with a high content of sodium in the subsoil

commonly are in closely associated areas within this

unit. The sodium affects the dispersion of clay,

accelerating clay illuviation and the formation of a

natric horizon, which is a special type of argillic

horizon. Piasa soils formed in these intermingled

areas.

Upslope from the low areas is a soil-landscape unit

that consists of the summits of broad rises on

drainage divides. These summits are stable-degrading

land surfaces. The parent material in areas of this unit

is loess. Water enters the system primarily through

direct precipitation. The seasonal high water table and

associated redoximorphic features occur at a lower

depth in the soils of this unit than in the soils in the

adjacent low areas. The redoximorphic features also

indicate a fluctuating water table. The soil microclimate

in the upper part of the profile alternates between

periods when the soils are unsaturated and periods

when they are saturated. A yellowish brown soil matrix

indicates an oxidizing environment. Redoximorphic

depletions along root channels and pores and iron and

manganese accumulations within the matrix, however,

indicate short periods of saturation. The lower part of

the profile is saturated for extended periods and has a

depleted or gleyed soil matrix.

The native vegetation in this landscape unit

consisted of prairie grasses. The soils of this unit are

better aerated than the soils in low areas and tend to

have a higher rate of organic-matter decomposition.

Thus, they generally have a slightly thinner mollic

epipedon and a lower content of organic matter than

the soils in the low areas.

The fluctuating water table disrupts the soil fabric

through wetting and drying cycles, which aid in the

dispersal of clay, the movement of clay with

percolating water, and the precipitation of clay as films

on the faces of peds and as linings of pores. The result

is the formation of an illuvial horizon called an argillic

horizon. Ipava soils formed in areas of this soillandscape unit.

The soil-landscape unit in the more dissected areas

consists of the broad summits of interfluves. It has

characteristics similar to those of the unit on the

summits of broad rises on drainage divides. These

dissected areas are stable-degrading land surfaces.

The parent material in areas of this unit is loess. Water
22 Soil Survey of

enters the system primarily through direct

precipitation. Depth to the seasonal high water table

and the associated redoximorphic features are nearly

identical to those of the soil-landscape unit on the

summits of broad rises.

The native vegetation in this soil-landscape unit is

transitional between forest and prairie vegetation. The

soils in this unit have a dark surface layer, but they do

not have a mollic epipedon because the dark surface

layer is not thick enough and does not have a

sufficient accumulation of organic matter. This type of

surface horizon is called an ochric epipedon.

A light colored, eluvial subsurface horizon (called

an albic horizon) also has developed in the soils of this

unit. This horizon is typical of soils that formed under

forest vegetation. In this horizon, much of the clay and

free iron oxides have been removed and the color is

determined primarily by the uncoated silt particles and

sand grains. The translocation of clay from the eluvial

horizon to the illuvial horizon results in the formation of

an argillic horizon. Clarksdale soils are in areas of this

soil-landscape unit.

Adjacent to this soil-landscape unit is a unit that

also consists of the summits of interfluves but that is

generally closer to the opposing interfluve

drainageways and is on narrower summits. These

summits are stable-degrading land surfaces. The

parent material in areas of this unit is loess. Water

enters the system through direct precipitation. Water

that does not infiltrate the soil is lost through surface

flow or runoff. Runoff increases the susceptibility to

erosion.

The seasonal high water table and associated

redoximorphic features occur at a much lower depth

than those in the soils on the broad summits. The

upper part of the soils formed in an oxidizing

environment. The soil matrix is generally yellowish

brown or brown and is free of depletions. The matrix in

the lower part of the profile is yellowish brown and

generally has depletions along pores and root

channels, indicating short periods of saturation.

The native vegetation in areas of this soil-landscape

unit is broadleaf deciduous forest. Under forest

vegetation, most of the addition of organic matter

occurs above ground. Organic matter is not

incorporated as deep in the soil profile as it is in soils

that formed under prairie vegetation, and the content

decreases rapidly with increasing depth. Therefore,

the dark surface layer, which is generally evident prior

to tillage, is thinner than that in the Clarksdale soils.

An ochric epipedon and an albic horizon have

developed.

The more acid leaching environment that occurs

under forest vegetation allows dispersed clay particles

to be translocated to a greater depth than is

characteristic in similar positions under prairie

vegetation. The result is a well developed argillic

horizon. Rozetta soils formed in areas of this soillandscape unit.

Downslope from this soil-landscape unit is a unit

that consists of the shoulders of hillslopes. These are

metastable-degrading land surfaces. The parent

material in areas of this unit is till. Water enters the

system through direct precipitation. Some of this water

is lost through runoff. This loss results in a drier

microclimate. Runoff increases the susceptibility to

erosion.

The seasonal high water table is below the depth of

the developing soil profile. The entire profile developed

in an oxidizing environment. The soil matrix is

yellowish brown or brown and is free of depletions.

The native vegetation in this soil-landscape unit is

forest. The soils have an ochric epipedon and an

argillic horizon. Hickory soils formed in areas of this

soil-landscape unit.

On the narrow flood plains between opposing side

slopes is an active-aggrading landscape position that

receives sediment during frequent episodes of

flooding. The nearly continual deposition of sediment

interrupts the soil-forming processes. The result is less

time for soil formation to proceed and a less developed

soil profile. A mollic epipedon is evident in the

developing soil profile, but the fine stratification

common to recent alluvial deposits remains and no

diagnostic subsurface horizons occur. Ross soils

formed in areas of this soil-landscape unit.

Classification of the Soils

The system of soil classification used by the

National Cooperative Soil Survey has six categories

(Soil Survey Staff, 1999). Beginning with the broadest,

these categories are the order, suborder, great group,

subgroup, family, and series. Classification is based on

soil properties observed in the field or inferred from

those observations or from laboratory measurements.

Table 4 shows the classification of the soils in the

county. The categories are defined in the following

paragraphs.

ORDER. Twelve soil orders are recognized. The

differences among orders reflect the dominant soilforming processes and the degree of soil formation.

Each order is identified by a word ending in sol. An

example is Mollisol.

SUBORDER. Each order is divided into suborders

primarily on the basis of properties that influence soil

genesis and are important to plant growth or

properties that reflect the most important variables
Christian County, Illinois 23

within the orders. The last syllable in the name of a

suborder indicates the order. An example is Udoll (Ud,

meaning humid, plus oll, from Mollisol).

GREAT GROUP. Each suborder is divided into

great groups on the basis of close similarities in kind,

arrangement, and degree of development of

pedogenic horizons; soil moisture and temperature

regimes; type of saturation; and base status. Each

great group is identified by the name of a suborder

and by a prefix that indicates a property of the soil. An

example is Argiudolls (Argi, meaning white clay, plus

udoll, the suborder of the Mollisols that has a udic

moisture regime).

SUBGROUP. Each great group has a typic

subgroup. Other subgroups are intergrades or

extragrades. The typic is the central concept of the

great group; it is not necessarily the most extensive.

Intergrades are transitions to other orders, suborders,

or great groups. Extragrades have some properties

that are not representative of the great group but do

not indicate transitions to any other known kind of soil.

Each subgroup is identified by one or more adjectives

preceding the name of the great group. The adjective

Typic identifies the subgroup that typifies the great

group. An example is Typic Argiudolls.

FAMILY. Families are established within a

subgroup on the basis of physical and chemical

properties and other characteristics that affect

management. Generally, the properties are those of

horizons below plow depth where there is much

biological activity. Among the properties and

characteristics considered are particle-size class,

mineralogy class, cation-exchange activity class, soil

temperature regime, soil depth, and reaction class. A

family name consists of the name of a subgroup

preceded by terms that indicate soil properties. An

example is fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic

Argiudolls.

SERIES. The series consists of soils that have

similar horizons in their profile. The horizons are

similar in color, texture, structure, reaction,

consistence, mineral and chemical composition, and

arrangement in the profile. The texture of the surface

layer or of the substratum can differ within a series.

25

In this section each soil series recognized in the

survey area is described. Each series description is

followed by detailed descriptions of the associated

detailed soil map units.

Characteristics of the soil and the material in which

it formed are identified for each soil series. A pedon, a

small three-dimensional area of soil, that is typical of

the series in the survey area is described. The detailed

description of each soil horizon follows standards in

the “Soil Survey Manual” (Soil Survey Division Staff,

1993; http://www.statlab.iastate.edu/soils/ssm). Many

of the technical terms used in the descriptions are

defined in “Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff, 1999;

http://www.statlab.iastate.edu/soils/soiltax). Unless

otherwise stated, colors in the descriptions are for

moist soil. Following the pedon description is the range

of important characteristics of the soils in the series.

The map units on the detailed soil maps in this

survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in

the survey area. The map unit descriptions in this

section, along with the maps, can be used to

determine the suitability and potential of a unit for

specific uses. They also can be used to plan the

management needed for those uses. More information

about each map unit is given under the headings “Use

and Management of the Soils” and “Soil Properties.”

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an

area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or

miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and

named according to the taxonomic classification of the

dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are

precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils.

On the landscape, however, the soils are natural

phenomena, and they have the characteristic

variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of

some observed properties may extend beyond the

limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a

single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped

without including areas of other taxonomic classes.

Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils

or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and

some minor components that belong to taxonomic

classes other than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of

the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus

they do not affect use and management. These are

called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They

may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit

description. Other minor components, however, have

properties and behavioral characteristics divergent

enough to affect use or to require different

management. These are called contrasting, or

dissimilar, components. They generally are in small

areas and could not be mapped separately because of

the scale used. Some small areas of strongly

contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified

by a special symbol on the maps. The contrasting

components are mentioned in the map unit

descriptions. A few areas of minor components may

not have been observed, and consequently they are

not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where

the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to

make enough observations to identify all the soils and

miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit in

no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the

data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure

taxonomic classes but rather to separate the

landscape into landforms or landform segments that

have similar use and management requirements. The

delineation of such segments on the map provides

sufficient information for the development of resource

plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned,

however, onsite investigation is needed to define and

locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name

in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes

general facts about the unit and gives the principal

hazards and limitations to be considered in planning

for specific uses.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make

up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the

surface layer or of the underlying layers, all the soils of

a series have major horizons that are similar in

composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the

surface layer or of the underlying layers. They also can

differ in slope, stoniness, salinity, wetness, degree of

erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use.

On the basis of such differences, a soil series is

Soil Series and Detailed Soil Map Units
26 Soil Survey of

divided into soil phases. The name of a soil phase

commonly indicates a feature that affects use or

management. For example, Harrison silt loam, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded, is a phase of the Harrison

series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major

soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are

complexes. A complex consists of two or more soils or

miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in

such small areas that they cannot be shown

separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of

the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar

in all areas. Bunkum-Atlas silt loams, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded, is an example.

This survey includes miscellaneous areas. Such

areas have little or no soil material and support little or

no vegetation. Dumps, mine, is an example.

Table 5 gives the acreage and proportionate extent

of each map unit. Other tables give properties of the

soils and the limitations, capabilities, and potentials for

many uses. The Glossary defines many of the terms

used in describing the soils or miscellaneous areas. In

the following descriptions, the letters “OSD” after the

heading “Typical Pedon” mean “Official Series

Description.”

Alvin Series

Taxonomic classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Alvin fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 660 feet; Vermilion County, Illinois;

about 2,320 feet south and 1,760 feet east of the

northwest corner of sec. 32, T. 21 N., R. 11 W.; USGS

Danville NE topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees

14 minutes 8 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 36

minutes 58 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam,

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine

granular structure; very friable; moderately acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

BE—8 to 11 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; few distinct grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) silt coatings on faces of peds;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—11 to 15 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

fine sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; few distinct brown (10YR 4/3)

clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt2—15 to 25 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common distinct brown

(10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; strongly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

E and Bt—25 to 74 inches; yellowish brown (10YR

5/4) loamy fine sand (E); weak medium

subangular blocky structure; very friable; 3 to 10

percent, by volume, common or many thin

lamellae of dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) fine

sandy loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common distinct brown

(10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; strongly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

C—74 to 80 inches; 80 percent brown (10YR 4/3)

and 20 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6),

stratified fine sandy loam; massive; friable;

moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to

more than 80 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4; 3 in A horizons less than 6 inches

thick

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or very

fine sandy loam

E, EB, or BE horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam,

sandy loam, or loamy fine sand

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—very fine sandy loam, loam, fine sandy

loam, or sandy loam; also, thin layers of sandy

clay loam

 E part of the E and Bt or Bt and E horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—sandy loam, loamy sand, sand, or the

fine or very fine analogs of those textures

Bt part of the E and Bt or Bt and E horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6
Christian County, Illinois 27

Texture—sandy loam, loamy sand, the fine or very

fine analogs of those textures, or loam

BC or C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—sandy loam, loamy sand, sand, or the

fine or very fine analogs of those textures

131C2—Alvin fine sandy loam, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Knolls, stream terraces, and outwash plains

Position on landform: Summits, backslopes, and risers

Map Unit Composition

Alvin and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils that contain more sand in the surface soil and

subsoil

• Soils that contain less sand in the surface soil and

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Kendall soils on

footslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Alvin Soil

Parent material: Eolian deposits and/or outwash

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately rapid

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 8.9 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 0.5 to

1.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Low for steel and high for concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Moderately high

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Alvin—3e

Prime farmland status: Alvin—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Alvin—not hydric

Assumption Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Assumption silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 720 feet; Henry County, Illinois; 100 feet

north and 300 feet east of the southwest corner of sec.

29, T. 15 N., R. 2 E.; USGS Andover topographic

quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 15 minutes 00 seconds N.

and long. 90 degrees 17 minutes 57 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak

medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots

throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—6 to 13 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

medium granular structure; friable; many fine roots

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

AB—13 to 16 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam mixed with some brown (10YR 4/3)

material in the lower 2 inches; grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) and brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many

fine roots throughout; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt1—16 to 26 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate fine subangular blocky; firm; common

fine roots between peds; many moderately thick

brown (10YR 5/3) clay films on faces of peds;

slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—26 to 35 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm;

common fine roots between peds; many distinct

brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds;

many medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6)

masses of iron and common distinct grayish

brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix;

slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

2Bt3—35 to 51 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky
28 Soil Survey of

structure; firm; common fine roots between peds;

common distinct moderately thick dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds;

many coarse faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/8)

masses of iron; common medium prominent light

olive gray (5Y 6/2) iron depletions; slightly acid;

clear wavy boundary.

2Bt4—51 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm;

common fine roots between peds; many

moderately thick brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on

faces of peds; many medium distinct brownish

yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron; slightly acid;

clear wavy boundary.

2C—60 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam;

massive; firm; common coarse prominent grayish

brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions and common

coarse distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron

in the matrix; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Thickness of the loess: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 48 to

more than 70 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Btg or 2Bt horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, clay, or silty

clay

2C or 2Cg horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, clay, or silty

clay

Taxadjunct Feature

The Assumption soils in this survey area have a

dark surface soil that is thinner than is definitive for the

series. This difference, however, does not significantly

affect the use and management of the soils. The soils

are classified as fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic

Oxyaquic Hapludalfs.

259C2—Assumption silt loam, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 2)

Position on landform: Shoulders and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Assumption and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner, lighter colored surface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with carbonates within a depth of 40 inches

• Soils with less sand in the lower part of the subsoil

Properties and Qualities of the Assumption

Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.2 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 2.0 to 3.5 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Assumption—3e

Prime farmland status: Assumption—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Assumption—not hydric
Christian County, Illinois 29

Atlas Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aeric

Chromic Vertic Epiaqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Atlas silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded, at an

elevation of 665 feet; Adams County, Illinois; 1,200 feet

west and 50 feet south of the northeast corner of sec.

7, T. 1 N., R. 6 W.; USGS Coatsburg topographic

quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 05 minutes 40 seconds N.

and long. 91 degrees 07 minutes 52 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak

fine granular structure; friable; common very fine

and fine roots; common medium prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/8) and few fine distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout; few

fine distinct black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

BE—7 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam,

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine

roots; few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) clay depletions throughout; few fine distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron

throughout; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Btg1—13 to 26 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty

clay loam; moderate thick platy structure parting to

weak fine subangular blocky; firm; common fine

and few medium roots; common distinct very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of

peds and in pores; few fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron and few fine

distinct white (10YR 8/1) masses of barite

throughout; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Btg2—26 to 37 inches; 87 percent dark gray (10YR

4/1) and 10 percent gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay;

weak medium prismatic structure; firm; common

Figure 2.—Typical pattern of upland prairie soils that formed in loess or in loess and glacial till; in nearly level to moderately

sloping areas.
30 Soil Survey of

fine and medium roots; few distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds and

in pores; common fine prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron and few fine distinct

white (10YR 8/1) masses of barite throughout; 1

percent rounded gravel and 1 percent subangular

limestone-cherty gravel; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

2Btg3—37 to 47 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silty clay;

weak coarse prismatic structure; firm; common

fine roots; few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organo-clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron, few fine faint gray (10YR 6/1) iron

depletions, and few fine prominent white (10YR

8/1) masses of barite throughout; 1 percent

angular gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

2Btg4—47 to 61 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure; firm; common

very fine roots; few distinct very dark gray (10YR

3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds and in

pores; few fine distinct black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of

iron and manganese and few fine prominent white

(10YR 8/1) barite crystals throughout; 1 percent

limestone-cherty gravel and 1 percent rounded

igneous-granite gravel; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

2BCg—61 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; firm;

few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

and common medium prominent brownish yellow

(10YR 6/8) masses of iron throughout; 2 percent

limestone-cherty gravel; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: More than

42 inches

Thickness of the loess: Less than 20 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay

loam

E or BE horizon, where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt, Btg, or 2Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 3

Texture—clay loam, clay, silty clay loam, or silty

clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 5 percent

2Cg horizon, where present:

Hue—10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam

Content of rock fragments—2 to 15 percent

897C2—Bunkum-Atlas silt loams, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Bunkum—shoulders and

backslopes; Atlas—backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Bunkum and similar soils: 55 percent

Atlas and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils that have a seasonal high water table at a

depth of more than 2 feet

• Soils that have more clay in the surface layer

• Soils that have a darker surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Hickory soils on backslopes below

the Bunkum and Atlas soils

• The well drained Rozetta soils on summits

Properties and Qualities of the Bunkum Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None
Christian County, Illinois 31

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Atlas Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 8.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Very high

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Bunkum and Atlas—3e

Prime farmland status: Bunkum and Atlas—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Bunkum and Atlas—not hydric

897C3—Bunkum-Atlas silty clay loams, 5

to 10 percent slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Bunkum—shoulders and

backslopes; Atlas—backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Bunkum and similar soils: 55 percent

Atlas and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

• Soils with less clay in the surface layer

• Soils with a darker surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Hickory soils on backslopes below

the Bunkum and Atlas soils

• The well drained Rozetta soils on summits

Properties and Qualities of the Bunkum Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 0.5 to

1.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface layer is mostly

subsoil material.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Properties and Qualities of the Atlas Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 8.1 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 0.5 to

1.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface layer is mostly

subsoil material.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Very high

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low
32 Soil Survey of

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Bunkum and Atlas—4e

Prime farmland status: Bunkum and Atlas—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Bunkum and Atlas—not hydric

Biddle Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquic

Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Biddle silt loam, in an area of Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt

loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation of about

475 feet; St. Clair County, Illinois; approximately 1,290

feet south and 1,555 feet east of the northwest corner

of sec. 1, T. 2 S., R. 8 W.; USGS Freeburg, Illinois,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 23 minutes 32

seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 56 minutes 10

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

fine granular structure; friable; many very fine

roots; few fine rounded black (10YR 2/1) nodules

of iron and manganese with clear strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) boundaries; about 23 percent clay;

slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—7 to 13 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

fine and medium granular structure; friable; many

very fine roots; few fine rounded black (10YR 2/1)

nodules of iron and manganese with clear strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) boundaries; about 22 percent

clay; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Eg—13 to 16 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak

medium platy structure parting to weak fine

granular; friable; common very fine roots; common

distinct light gray (10YR 7/2 dry) clay depletions

on faces of peds; few fine rounded black (10YR

2/1) nodules of iron and manganese with clear

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) boundaries; about 21

percent clay; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt—16 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam;

moderate fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; common very fine roots; many

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films

on faces of peds; common fine faint grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) iron depletions and common fine

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron

in the matrix; common fine rounded black (7.5YR

2.5/1) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron and manganese with sharp boundaries; about

38 percent clay; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Btng1—25 to 36 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films

on faces of peds; common fine prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; common fine and medium rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) masses of iron and manganese with

clear strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) boundaries; about

37 percent clay; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Btng2—36 to 46 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films

on faces of peds; many fine and medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; common medium and coarse

irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1) masses of iron and

manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

boundaries; about 34 percent clay; slightly

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Btng3—46 to 55 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films

on faces of peds; common fine and medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; common medium and coarse

irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1) masses of iron and

manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

boundaries; about 29 percent clay; slightly

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

BCtng—55 to 62 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure;

friable; few distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

clay films on vertical faces of peds; common fine

and medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR

6/6) masses of iron in the matrix; common

medium and coarse irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1)

and dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron and

manganese with diffuse strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

boundaries; about 24 percent clay; slightly

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Cg1—62 to 76 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silt loam; massive; friable; few fine prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine and medium irregular black (7.5YR

2.5/1) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron

and manganese with diffuse strong brown (7.5YR

4/6) boundaries; about 22 percent clay; slightly

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Christian County, Illinois 33

2Cg2—76 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) silt loam;

massive; friable; many fine and medium distinct

brown (7.5YR 5/4) masses of iron in the matrix;

common fine and medium irregular black (7.5YR

2.5/1) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron

and manganese with diffuse strong brown (7.5YR

4/6) boundaries; about 25 percent clay, 12 percent

sand, and 1 percent pebbles; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 72

inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 18 inches

Thickness of the loess: 60 to 80 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3 (4 or 5 dry)

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

E horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5 (6 or 7 dry)

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Bt or Btng horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 5 in the upper part and 4 to 6 in the

lower part

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay in the upper

part and silty clay loam or silt loam in the lower

part

Cg or 2Cg horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—commonly, silt loam; less commonly,

loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

894A—Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams, 0

to 2 percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Herrick and Biddle—summits;

Piasa—summits and toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Herrick and similar soils: 45 percent

Biddle and similar soils: 35 percent

Piasa and similar soils: 20 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils that do not have a subsurface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Properties and Qualities of the Herrick Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Biddle Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: Moderate within a depth of 30

inches

Available water capacity: About 11.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: High
34 Soil Survey of

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Piasa Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: High within a depth of 30 inches

Available water capacity: About 7.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: At the surface to 1

foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Herrick and Biddle—2w;

Piasa—3w

Prime farmland status: Herrick, Biddle, and Piasa—not

prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Herrick and Biddle—not hydric;

Piasa—hydric

Blackberry Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon

Blackberry silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 748 feet; Champaign County, Illinois;

about 25 feet north and 450 feet west of the southeast

corner of sec. 19, T. 21 N., R. 7 E.; USGS Foosland

topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 15 minutes 10

seconds N. and long. 88 degrees 26 minutes 36

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 10 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

moderate medium granular structure; friable;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—10 to 16 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam,

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium

granular structure; friable; many faint very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on

faces of peds; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

BA—16 to 20 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam;

weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

many faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic

coatings on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt1—20 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; many distinct brown (10YR 4/3)

clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt2—24 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; many distinct brown (10YR 4/3)

clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the

matrix; few fine irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very

weakly cemented nodules of iron and manganese

oxide in the matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt3—34 to 47 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate medium and coarse

prismatic structure; friable; common distinct brown

(10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine

distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions

in the matrix; few fine distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese oxide in

the matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

2Bt4—47 to 62 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4),

stratified silt loam and loam; weak coarse

subangular blocky structure; friable; very few faint

brown (10YR 4/3) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

clay films lining pores and on faces of peds;

common medium distinct light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common

medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine irregular

black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly cemented

nodules of iron and manganese oxide in the

matrix; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

2C—62 to 70 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4),

stratified silt loam, loam, and sandy loam;

massive; friable; common medium distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the

matrix; common medium distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese oxide in

the matrix; neutral.
Christian County, Illinois 35

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to carbonates: More than 40 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 45 to 70

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

BA or AB horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Bt or 2BC horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—clay loam, loam, silt loam, sandy loam,

sandy clay loam, or the gravelly analogs of

those textures

2C horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—loam, clay loam, loamy sand, sandy

loam, silt loam, or the gravelly analogs of those

textures

679B—Blackberry silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Stream terraces and outwash plains (fig. 3)

Position on landform: Summits and risers

Map Unit Composition

Blackberry and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner, lighter colored surface soil

• Soils with more gravel in the underlying material

• Soils with more sand in the upper part of the subsoil

• Soils with less sand in the lower part of the subsoil

and in the underlying material

• Soils with a seasonal high water table within a depth

of 2 feet

Properties and Qualities of the Blackberry

Soil

Parent material: Loess over outwash

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate or

moderately rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

5.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 2.0 to 3.5 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Blackberry—2e

Prime farmland status: Blackberry—prime farmland in

all areas

Hydric soil status: Blackberry—not hydric

Broadwell Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Broadwell silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 625 feet; Christian County, Illinois; 2,500

feet north and 460 feet west of the center of sec. 11, T.

15 N., R. 2 W.; USGS Mount Auburn topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 46 minutes 17 seconds N.

and long. 84 degrees 16 minutes 51 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak fine granular

structure; friable; common very fine and few fine

roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

A—9 to 15 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)
36 Soil Survey of

silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate fine

granular structure; friable; few very fine and fine

roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—15 to 18 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay

loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; weak very

fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

few very fine and fine roots; many faint very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films on

faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt2—18 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

firm; few very fine and fine roots; common faint

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay

films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt3—25 to 31 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

firm; few very fine and fine roots; common faint

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films in

root channels and/or pores and common faint

brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt4—31 to 41 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few very fine and fine roots;

few distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

clay films in root channels and/or pores, common

faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds,

and few distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) silt coatings

on faces of peds and in pores; moderately acid;

clear smooth boundary.

Bt5—41 to 50 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silt loam; weak medium and coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots;

common faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on

faces of peds; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) silt

coatings on faces of peds and in pores; few fine

faint brown (10YR 5/3) masses of iron along

micropores; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

2BC1—50 to 55 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4), stratified loamy fine sand and sandy loam;

weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very

friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

2BC2—55 to 76 inches; stratified yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) and brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sand and

loamy sand; single grain; loose; few distinct dark

brown (7.5YR 3/2) organic coatings in pores; a

3-inch band of yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt

loam starting at a depth of 75 inches; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

2C—76 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine

sand; single grain; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Figure 3.—Typical pattern of soils along the Sangamon River.
Christian County, Illinois 37

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 45 to 80

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

2Bt or 2BC horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loamy sand, loamy fine sand, fine sand,

sandy loam, or loam

2C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—fine sand, sand, or loamy sand

684B—Broadwell silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines, knolls, and outwash

plains

Position on landform: Summits and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Broadwell and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner, lighter colored surface soil

• Soils with more sand in the upper part of the subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Elburn soils on

footslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Broadwell Soil

Parent material: Loess over sandy eolian material

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Broadwell—2e

Prime farmland status: Broadwell—prime farmland in

all areas

Hydric soil status: Broadwell—not hydric

Brooklyn Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic

Albaqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Brooklyn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 679 feet; Douglas County, Illinois; 200 feet

east and 1,430 feet south of the northwest corner of

sec. 8, T. 16 N., R. 14 W.; USGS Newman topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 51 minutes 39 seconds N.

and long. 87 degrees 58 minutes 10 seconds W., NAD

83:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate fine

granular structure; friable; common medium

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Eg—9 to 14 inches; gray (2.5Y 6/1) silt loam; weak

medium platy structure parting to moderate fine

granular; friable; common distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings on faces of peds;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; common

medium rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Btg1—14 to 20 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silty clay; moderate fine prismatic structure parting

to moderate fine angular blocky; firm; many

distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of
38 Soil Survey of

peds; common medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few

medium rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—20 to 31 inches; gray (2.5Y 6/1) silty clay;

moderate medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium angular blocky; firm; common

distinct dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay films on faces of

peds; many prominent black (N 2.5/0) organo-clay

films on faces of peds; many medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; few medium rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1)

very weakly cemented nodules of iron and

manganese throughout; moderately acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Btg3—31 to 40 inches; gray (2.5Y 6/1) silty clay loam;

moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to

moderate coarse angular blocky; firm; common

distinct dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay films on faces of

peds; few prominent black (N 2.5/0) organo-clay

films lining pores and root channels; many

medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; common medium

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

2Btg4—40 to 46 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure; firm; few distinct

dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay films on faces of peds;

few distinct black (2.5Y 2.5/1) organo-clay films

lining pores and root channels; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; common medium rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly cemented nodules of

iron and manganese throughout; 5 percent gravel;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

2Btg5—46 to 52 inches; 40 percent strong brown

(7.5YR 4/6), 40 percent dark brown (10YR 3/3),

and 20 percent gray (2.5Y 5/1) gravelly clay loam;

weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few

distinct dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay films on faces of

peds; few distinct black (2.5Y 2.5/1) organo-clay

films lining pores and root channels; common

medium rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; 20 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt

smooth boundary.

2BCtg—52 to 62 inches; 50 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6), 30 percent light yellowish brown (2.5Y

6/3), and 20 percent gray (2.5Y 6/1), stratified clay

loam and silt loam; massive; firm; very few distinct

black (2.5Y 2.5/1) and very few distinct dark brown

(7.5YR 3/2) organo-clay films lining pores and root

channels; many medium rounded black (7.5YR

2.5/1) very weakly cemented nodules of iron and

manganese throughout; 5 percent gravel; neutral;

gradual smooth boundary.

2Cg—62 to 73 inches; 60 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) and 40 percent gray (2.5Y 5/1),

stratified clay loam, loam, and sandy loam;

massive; firm; many medium rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly cemented nodules of

iron and manganese throughout; 7 percent gravel;

neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 80

inches

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Eg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay or silty clay loam

2Btg or 2BCtg horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—clay loam, loam, silt loam, silty clay

loam, sandy clay loam, sandy loam, or the

gravelly analogs of those textures

Content of rock fragments—2 to 25 percent

2Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—clay loam, loam, silt loam, silty clay

loam, sandy clay loam, sandy loam, or the

gravelly analogs of those textures

Content of rock fragments—2 to 25 percent
Christian County, Illinois 39

136A—Brooklyn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Depressions

Map Unit Composition

Brooklyn and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less sand in the subsoil

• Soils in which the dark surface soil is thicker

• Soils with less sand in the lower part of the subsoil

and in the underlying material

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Properties and Qualities of the Brooklyn Soil

Parent material: Loess over outwash

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Brooklyn—2w

Prime farmland status: Brooklyn—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Brooklyn—hydric

Buckhart Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Buckhart silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 603 feet; Christian County, Illinois;

approximately 360 feet west and 540 feet north of the

southeast corner of sec. 24, T. 14 N., R. 3 W.; USGS

Grove City, Illinois, topographic quadrangle; lat. 39

degrees 33 minutes 53 seconds N. and long. 89

degrees 22 minutes 6 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

medium granular structure; friable; few very fine

roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

A—8 to 15 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

fine subangular blocky structure parting to

moderate medium granular; friable; few very fine

roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—15 to 26 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure parting to moderate medium

granular; friable; few very fine roots; many distinct

brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds and

few distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organic coatings in root channels and/or pores;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—26 to 37 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; many

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films

on faces of peds; few fine irregular prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron and

manganese along pores and few fine irregular

prominent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron

depletions along pores; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt3—37 to 52 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

few very fine roots; common distinct dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds;

common fine irregular prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron and manganese along

pores, few fine rounded prominent black (7.5YR

2/1) nodules of iron and manganese throughout,

and common fine distinct irregular light brownish

gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions along pores;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

BCt—52 to 67 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) silt

loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure;

friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in root

channels and/or pores; common fine irregular
40 Soil Survey of

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron and manganese along pores, common fine

irregular light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron

depletions along pores, and few fine rounded

prominent black (7.5YR 2/1) nodules of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral; gradual smooth

boundary.

C—67 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; friable; common medium irregular

distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

and manganese throughout, common medium

irregular prominent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

iron depletions throughout, and few fine rounded

prominent black (7.5YR 2/1) nodules of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 55

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt or Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

BC, BCt, or BCg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

C or Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—typically, silt loam; silty clay loam in

some pedons

705B—Buckhart silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Knolls and ground moraines (fig. 2)

Position on landform: Summits and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Buckhart and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with carbonates within a depth of 40 inches

• Soils with a seasonal high water table within a depth

of 2 feet

• Soils in which the surface soil is thinner and lighter in

color

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 3.5 feet

Properties and Qualities of the Buckhart Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 12.0 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 2.0 to 3.5 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Buckhart—2e

Prime farmland status: Buckhart—prime farmland in

all areas

Hydric soil status: Buckhart—not hydric

Bunkum Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Aquic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon

Bunkum silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded, at

an elevation of 660 feet; Adams County, Illinois; 2,360

feet south and 2,440 feet west of the northeast corner

of sec. 23, T. 2 S., R. 8 W.; USGS Quincy East, Illinois,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 53 minutes 2

seconds N. and long. 91 degrees 17 minutes 30

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale

brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak thick platy structure

parting to weak fine subangular blocky; friable;
Christian County, Illinois 41

common fine and medium roots throughout; few

fine distinct black (2.5Y 2/1) concretions of iron

and manganese and few fine distinct light gray

(10YR 7/2) clay depletions throughout; neutral;

abrupt smooth boundary.

AE—4 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam, very

pale brown (10YR 7/3) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine

roots throughout; few fine distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout; slightly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—7 to 10 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots throughout; few

distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of

peds; few fine prominent black (2.5Y 2/1)

concretions of iron and manganese throughout,

few fine prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron

and manganese between peds, and few fine

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions between peds; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt2—10 to 22 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure

parting to weak medium subangular blocky;

friable; few fine roots throughout; common distinct

brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds;

many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron throughout, common fine

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, and common medium

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions throughout; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt3—22 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable;

few fine roots throughout; few distinct dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of

peds; many medium faint brown (10YR 5/3)

masses of iron throughout, common fine

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, many medium distinct

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions

throughout, and common medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron

throughout; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

BCt—34 to 50 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; few

fine roots throughout; very few faint dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/4) clay films in root channels

and/or pores; common medium faint brown (10YR

5/3) masses of iron throughout, few fine prominent

black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and manganese

between peds, few medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron throughout, and

many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) iron depletions throughout; moderately acid;

gradual wavy boundary.

2C1—50 to 65 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt

loam; massive; friable; few fine roots between

peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) and common medium faint brown

(10YR 5/3) masses of iron throughout, few fine

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, and many medium faint

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions

throughout; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

2C2—65 to 78 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt

loam; massive; friable; few fine roots between

peds; many coarse faint yellowish brown (10YR

5/4) and few medium distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout, few fine

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, and many coarse faint

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions

throughout; moderately acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

2C3—78 to 85 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; firm; common fine and medium

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, few coarse distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions

throughout, and common medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron

throughout; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 24 to 60

inches

Thickness of the loess: 24 to 60 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt or Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2C or 2Cg horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—commonly, silt loam; less commonly,

loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
42 Soil Survey of

897C2—Bunkum-Atlas silt loams, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Bunkum—shoulders and

backslopes; Atlas—backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Bunkum and similar soils: 55 percent

Atlas and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a darker surface soil

• Soils with more clay in the surface layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Hickory soils on backslopes below

the Bunkum and Atlas soils

• The well drained Rozetta soils on summits

Properties and Qualities of the Bunkum Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Atlas Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 8.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Very high

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Bunkum and Atlas—3e

Prime farmland status: Bunkum and Atlas—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Bunkum and Atlas—not hydric

897C3—Bunkum-Atlas silty clay loams, 5

to 10 percent slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Bunkum—shoulders and

backslopes; Atlas—backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Bunkum and similar soils: 55 percent

Atlas and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less clay in the surface layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

• Soils with a darker surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Hickory soils on backslopes below

the Bunkum Atlas soils

• The well drained Rozetta soils on summits

Properties and Qualities of the Bunkum Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow
Christian County, Illinois 43

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 0.5 to

1.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface layer is mostly

subsoil material.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Properties and Qualities of the Atlas Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 8.1 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 0.5 to

1.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface layer is mostly

subsoil material.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Very high

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Bunkum and Atlas—4e

Prime farmland status: Bunkum and Atlas—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Bunkum and Atlas—not hydric

Camden Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon

Camden silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 560 feet; Bureau County, Illinois; 1,280

feet west and 1,740 feet south of the northeast corner

of sec. 12, T. 15 N., R. 8 E.; USGS Wyanet topographic

quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 18 minutes 05 seconds N.

and long. 89 degrees 30 minutes 52 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam,

pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; friable; few fine roots; slightly acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

E—7 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak medium platy structure parting to

weak fine subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—12 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty

clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of

peds; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—18 to 26 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

friable; few fine roots; many distinct dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Bt3—26 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

friable; few fine roots; many distinct dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Bt4—34 to 37 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few fine roots; many distinct brown (7.5YR

4/4) clay films on faces of peds; about 7 percent

gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Bt5—37 to 48 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

sandy clay loam; 1-inch strata of yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common distinct brown

(7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; about 5

percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

2Bt6—48 to 53 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky;

friable; common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay

films bridging sand grains; about 2 percent gravel;

neutral; clear wavy boundary.

2C—53 to 60 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam

that has thin strata of loamy sand; single grain;

loose; about 5 percent gravel; neutral.
44 Soil Survey of

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: 24 to 40 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 30 to 65

inches

Ap horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5; 3 in horizons less than 6 inches

thick

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

E horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Bt or 2BC horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 7.5YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, sandy

loam, sandy clay loam, or silt loam

2C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—stratified sandy loam, loam, silt loam,

loamy sand, sandy clay loam, or clay loam

134B—Camden silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Stream terraces and outwash plains (fig. 3)

Position on landform: Summits and risers

Map Unit Composition

Camden and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less sand in the lower part of the subsoil

• Soils with more sand in the upper part of the

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Kendall soils on

footslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Camden Soil

Parent material: Loess over outwash

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate or

moderately rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.5 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Camden—2e

Prime farmland status: Camden—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Camden—not hydric

134C2—Camden silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Stream terraces and outwash plains

Position on landform: Shoulders and risers

Map Unit Composition

Camden and similar soils: 95 percent

Dissimilar soils: 5 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils in which the surface layer has more clay

• Soils with more sand in the upper part of the subsoil

• Soils with a thicker or darker surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Kendall soils on

footslopes
Christian County, Illinois 45

Properties and Qualities of the Camden Soil

Parent material: Loess over outwash

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 9.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.5 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Camden—3e

Prime farmland status: Camden—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Camden—not hydric

Clarksdale Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Udollic

Endoaqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Clarksdale silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 650 feet; Adams County, Illinois; 800 feet

south and 550 feet east of the northwest corner of sec.

16, T. 2 N., R. 7 W.; USGS Lorraine, Illinois,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 9 minutes

55.1 seconds N. and long. 91 degrees 13 minutes 18

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

medium granular structure; friable; common fine

roots throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

E—8 to 12 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; moderate medium platy structure parting

to weak very fine subangular blocky; friable;

common very fine and fine roots throughout;

many faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organic coatings on faces of peds and in pores;

few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron lining root channels and/or pores,

few fine distinct black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron

and manganese throughout, and many fine

distinct light gray (10YR 7/1 and 7/2) clay

depletions between peds; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

BE—12 to 16 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; few fine roots throughout; common distinct

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay

films on faces of peds and in pores; few fine

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, common fine prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron

throughout, and common fine faint light gray

(10YR 7/1) clay depletions between peds;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—16 to 23 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; few very fine and fine roots throughout; many

prominent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay

films on faces of peds and many prominent very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of

peds and in pores; common fine prominent black

(2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and manganese and

common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron throughout; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt2—23 to 31 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; few fine roots throughout; many faint grayish

brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds and

many prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organo-clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

many fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and

few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron throughout, common fine

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, and common fine faint

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions

throughout; moderately acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Btg1—31 to 47 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silty clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic

structure parting to moderate coarse subangular

blocky; firm; few fine roots throughout; common

prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on

faces of peds and many prominent very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds and

in pores; many fine and medium prominent strong
46 Soil Survey of

brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout, few

fine prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, and few fine faint light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions lining

root channels and/or pores; neutral; gradual wavy

boundary.

Btg2—47 to 57 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; firm;

few fine roots throughout; common prominent dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in root

channels and/or pores; many medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron and few

fine prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

BCg—57 to 67 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; common prominent dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in root channels

and/or pores; common medium prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common medium

prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron

throughout; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Cg—67 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; massive; friable; few distinct dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) clay films in root channels

and/or pores; many medium prominent yellowish

red (5YR 4/6) and common medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

throughout; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to carbonates (where present): More than 40

inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 60

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

E or BE horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Bt or Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or silt loam

C or Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—silt loam

257A—Clarksdale silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 4)

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Clarksdale and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils that do not have a subsurface layer

• Soils that contain more sand in the lower part of the

subsoil and in the underlying material

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Rozetta and Osco soils on narrow

summits and shoulders

• The poorly drained Denny and Virden soils in

depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Clarksdale

Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete
Christian County, Illinois 47

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Clarksdale—1

Prime farmland status: Clarksdale—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Clarksdale—not hydric

Coatsburg Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic

Argiaquolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Coatsburg silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded, at

an elevation of 705 feet; Adams County, Illinois; 2,550

feet east and 2,400 feet north of the southwest corner

of sec. 20, T. 2 N., R. 5 W.; USGS Augusta, Illinois,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 8 minutes 33

seconds N. and long. 90 degrees 59 minutes 58

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; moderate fine

granular structure; friable; many fine and medium

roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

AB—6 to 10 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak medium

Figure 4.—Typical pattern of upland prairie, forest, and transitional soils that formed in loess or in loess and glacial till; in nearly

level to very steep areas.
48 Soil Survey of

subangular blocky structure parting to moderate

fine subangular blocky; firm; common fine roots;

many fine prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

and common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) masses of iron throughout and few fine

prominent light gray (10YR 7/1) clay depletions on

faces of peds; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.

2Btg1—10 to 14 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay

films and common distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1)

clay films on faces of peds; many fine distinct light

olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and common fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron throughout; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.

2Btg2—14 to 19 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to

weak medium subangular blocky; firm; few fine

and medium roots; common distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds;

many fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron and common fine faint light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions

throughout; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Btg3—19 to 26 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure;

firm; few fine roots; common distinct gray (10YR

5/1) clay films and few distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds;

many fine faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions and common fine and medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron throughout; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.

2Btg4—26 to 38 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure;

firm; few very fine roots; few distinct gray (10YR

5/1) clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

many fine and medium faint light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) iron depletions throughout, common

fine and medium prominent black (2.5Y 2/1)

masses of iron and manganese throughout, and

common fine and medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout;

moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Btg5—38 to 45 inches; light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) silty clay loam; moderate very coarse

prismatic structure; firm; common distinct grayish

brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds and

few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films lining

root channels and pores; common medium

prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of

iron throughout and common fine faint light gray

(10YR 7/2) clay depletions on faces of peds;

slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Btg6—45 to 62 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay

loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure;

firm; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films

on faces of peds; many fine faint light gray (10YR

7/2) clay depletions on faces of peds, common

medium and coarse prominent brownish yellow

(10YR 6/6) masses of iron throughout, and few

medium prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron

and manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

2Btg7—62 to 70 inches; light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) silty clay; weak very coarse prismatic

structure parting to moderate medium subangular

blocky; very firm; few distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay

films in root channels and/or pores; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron and common fine prominent black (2.5Y 2/1)

masses of iron and manganese throughout;

slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

2BCg—70 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay;

weak very coarse prismatic structure; firm; many

coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6)

masses of iron and common fine prominent black

(2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: Less than 20 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 50 to 80

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

Btg or 2Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—clay, clay loam, silty clay, or silty clay

loam

2BCg, 2BC, Cg, or 2Cg horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 8

Texture—clay, clay loam, silty clay, silty clay loam,

or loam
Christian County, Illinois 49

Taxadjunct Feature

The Coatsburg soils in this survey area have a dark

surface soil that is thinner than is definitive for the

series. This difference, however, does not significantly

affect the use and management of the soils. The soils

are classified as fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic

Epiaqualfs.

660C2—Coatsburg silt loam, 5 to 10

percent slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Coatsburg and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with less sand in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Dissimilar soils:

• The moderately well drained Harrison soils on

backslopes above the Coatsburg soil

Properties and Qualities of the Coatsburg

Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Very slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 7.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

5.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: At the surface to 1

foot below the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Very high

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Coatsburg—3e

Prime farmland status: Coatsburg—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Coatsburg—hydric

Coulterville Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Aeric Epiaqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Coulterville silt loam, in an area of BunkumCoulterville silt loams, 2 to 5 percent slopes, eroded,

at an elevation of about 467 feet; Monroe County,

Illinois; approximately 1,320 feet west and 2,100 feet

north of the southeast corner of sec. 5, T. 3 S., R. 8 W.;

USGS Paderborn, Illinois, topographic quadrangle; lat.

38 degrees 18 minutes 2 seconds N. and long. 90

degrees 0 minutes 11 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; mixed dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) and brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, grayish

brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; friable; common very fine and few fine

roots; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8)

masses of iron and common fine distinct very dark

gray (7.5YR 3/1) nodules of iron and manganese;

2 percent exchangeable sodium; moderately acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

Btn—7 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common very fine and few fine roots; many distinct

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces

of peds; few fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

iron depletions and common medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and few fine prominent

yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine distinct very dark gray (7.5YR 3/1)

nodules of iron and manganese; 5 percent

exchangeable sodium; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Btng1—11 to 15 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam;

moderate medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; friable;

common very fine and few fine roots; common

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films

on faces of peds; common medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and few fine prominent

yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the

matrix; common fine prominent very dark gray
50 Soil Survey of

(7.5YR 3/1) nodules of iron and manganese; 9

percent exchangeable sodium; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

Btng2—15 to 23 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam;

moderate medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; few

very fine roots; common faint light gray (10YR 7/1

dry) clay depletions on faces of peds, common

distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on

faces of peds, and few distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films in root

channels; common medium prominent brown

(7.5YR 4/4) and common fine and medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; common fine prominent black

(10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and manganese; very

dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) vertical krotovinas;

12 percent exchangeable sodium; slightly

effervescent throughout; moderately alkaline; clear

smooth boundary.

Btkng1—23 to 28 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silt loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few very fine roots; common faint light gray

(10YR 7/1 dry) clay depletions on faces of peds,

few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on

faces of peds, and few distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films in root

channels; common medium prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses and nodules of iron in

the matrix; few medium prominent irregular white

(10YR 8/1) nodules of carbonate; 14 percent

exchangeable sodium; slightly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Btkng2—28 to 33 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; few very fine roots; common faint light gray

(10YR 7/1 dry) clay depletions on faces of peds,

few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on

faces of peds, and few prominent black (10YR 2/1)

iron and manganese stains on faces of peds;

common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

4/6) masses of iron in the matrix; common fine

and medium prominent irregular dark brown

(7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron and manganese and

few medium prominent irregular white (10YR 8/1)

nodules of carbonate; 10 percent exchangeable

sodium; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline;

clear smooth boundary.

Btkn—33 to 39 inches; olive (5Y 5/3) silt loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few

faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on faces

of peds; common medium distinct light brownish

gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions and common

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; many medium

prominent irregular dark brown (7.5YR 3/2)

masses of iron and manganese and few medium

prominent irregular white (10YR 8/1) nodules of

carbonate; 8 percent exchangeable sodium;

slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear

smooth boundary.

BCkn—39 to 56 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam;

weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak

medium subangular blocky; friable; few prominent

black (10YR 2/1) manganese stains on vertical

faces of peds and in root channels; common

prominent white (10YR 8/1) coatings of carbonate

on vertical faces of peds; common medium faint

light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions and

common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

4/6) masses of iron in the matrix; common fine

and medium distinct irregular dark brown (7.5YR

3/2) masses of iron and manganese; 6 percent

exchangeable sodium; slightly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Ckn—56 to 68 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam;

massive; friable; few prominent white (10YR 8/1)

coatings of carbonate along faces of cleavage

planes; common medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 4/6) and common medium distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; common fine and medium distinct rounded

black (7.5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and

manganese; 5 percent exchangeable sodium;

slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual

smooth boundary.

C—68 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silt loam;

massive; friable; common medium prominent light

brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions and

common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine faint rounded

dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron and

manganese; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 35 to 70

inches

Thickness of the loess: More than 50 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4 (5 or 6 dry)

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—typically, silt loam; silty clay loam in

some eroded pedons

E horizon, where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6 (6 to 8 dry)
Christian County, Illinois 51

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

Btn, Btng, Btkng, Btkn, or BCkn horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—typically, silty clay loam or silt loam; silty

clay in some pedons

Ckn, C, or 2C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay

loam

882A—Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville silt

loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Oconee and similar soils: 35 percent

Darmstadt and similar soils: 30 percent

Coulterville and similar soils: 20 percent

Dissimilar soils: 15 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils that do not have a light colored subsurface

layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

• Soils with a slope of more than 2 percent

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Cowden and Piasa soils in

depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Oconee Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Darmstadt

Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: High within a depth of 30 inches

Available water capacity: About 9.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Coulterville

Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: Moderate within a depth of 30

inches

Available water capacity: About 9.2 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium
52 Soil Survey of

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Oconee and

Coulterville—2w; Darmstadt—3w

Prime farmland status: Oconee, Darmstadt, and

Coulterville—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Oconee, Darmstadt, and

Coulterville—not hydric

Cowden Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Mollic

Albaqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Cowden silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 665 feet; Montgomery County,

Illinois; approximately 1,980 feet west and 30 feet

north of the southeast corner of sec. 8, T. 9 N., R. 4 W.;

USGS Butler, Illinois, topographic quadrangle; lat. 39

degrees 13 minutes 55 seconds N. and long. 89

degrees 33 minutes 18 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; common very fine and few fine roots; few

fine continuous tubular pores; few fine irregular

dark brown (10YR 3/3) masses of iron and

manganese; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Eg1—8 to 14 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 6/1) dry; weak medium platy structure

parting to weak fine subangular blocky; friable; few

very fine roots; common fine and medium tubular

and vesicular pores; many distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings on faces of peds and

filling pores; few fine irregular dark brown (10YR

3/3) masses of iron and manganese; moderately

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Eg2—14 to 19 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam, light

gray (10YR 7/1) dry; weak medium platy structure

parting to weak fine subangular blocky; friable; few

very fine roots; common fine and medium

continuous tubular pores; common fine faint

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) masses of iron in the

matrix; common fine irregular dark brown (10YR

3/3) masses of iron and manganese; strongly acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

Btg1—19 to 26 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate fine and medium prismatic

structure parting to moderate medium angular and

subangular blocky; firm; common very fine roots;

few fine continuous tubular pores; common distinct

light gray (10YR 7/1 dry) clay depletions on faces

of peds in the upper 2 inches; many prominent

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on

faces of peds; few fine distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4 and 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix;

common fine and medium irregular black (10YR

2/1) nodules of iron and manganese with sharp

boundaries; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—26 to 43 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium and coarse angular

blocky; firm; few very fine roots; many prominent

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay

films on faces of peds; many medium distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; common fine and medium irregular black

(10YR 2/1) and dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4)

nodules of iron and manganese with sharp

boundaries; moderately acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

Btg3—43 to 50 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silty clay loam; weak coarse angular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; few fine

vesicular and tubular pores; few prominent black

(10YR 2/1) organo-clay films lining root channels

and pores; common distinct dark grayish brown

(10YR 4/2) clay films on vertical faces of peds;

common coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few medium and

coarse irregular black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron

and manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) boundaries; slightly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

BCtg—50 to 58 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam;

weak medium and coarse angular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; few fine

vesicular and tubular pores; few prominent very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films lining root

channels and pores; few distinct dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on vertical faces of

peds; common coarse prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

and medium irregular black (10YR 2/1) nodules of

iron and manganese with clear strong brown

(7.5YR 4/6) boundaries; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg—58 to 69 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam; massive, friable; few fine and medium

vesicular and tubular pores; few prominent very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films lining root

channels and pores; many medium and coarse
Christian County, Illinois 53

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; common fine and medium

irregular black (5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and

manganese with diffuse yellowish red (5YR 5/6)

boundaries; about 8 percent sand; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

2Btgb—69 to 80 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate fine and medium prismatic

structure parting to weak medium angular blocky;

firm; common medium and coarse vesicular and

tubular pores; few prominent very dark gray (10YR

3/1) organo-clay films lining root channels and

pores; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) clay films on faces of peds; common fine and

medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; few medium and

coarse irregular black (5YR 2.5/1) and yellowish

red (5YR 4/6) nodules of iron and manganese with

clear boundaries; about 15 percent sand and 2

percent pebbles; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 65

inches

Thickness of the loess: 55 to more than 80 inches

Profile feature: A B/E horizon in some pedons

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Eg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—typically, silty clay loam; silty clay or silt

loam in some pedons

Cg horizon and BCtg or BCg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

2Cg, 2Ab, 2Btg, or 2Bb horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay

loam

112A—Cowden silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 5)

Position on landform: Toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Cowden and similar soils: 94 percent

Dissimilar soils: 6 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Piasa soils in landscape

positions similar to those of the Cowden soil

Properties and Qualities of the Cowden Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.9 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Cowden—2w

Prime farmland status: Cowden—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Cowden—hydric
54 Soil Survey of

Darmstadt Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Albic Natraqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Darmstadt silt loam, in an area of Oconee-CoultervilleDarmstadt silt loams, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 470 feet; St. Clair County, Illinois;

approximately 1,202 feet west and 84 feet south of the

northeast corner of sec. 9, T. 2 S., R. 8 W.; USGS

Freeburg, Illinois, topographic quadrangle; lat. 38

degrees 22 minutes 52 seconds N. and long. 89

degrees 59 minutes 7 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak

thick platy structure parting to weak very fine

granular; friable; many very fine roots; few fine

faint rounded black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and

manganese; 1 percent exchangeable sodium;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

E—8 to 11 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam, light gray

(10YR 7/2) dry; weak thick platy structure parting

to weak fine subangular blocky; friable; common

very fine roots; many fine and medium distinct

rounded black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and

manganese; 4 percent exchangeable sodium;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Btn1—11 to 16 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate fine and medium angular blocky; firm;

many very fine roots; few faint grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds; common

medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions and common medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; few medium distinct rounded

black (7.5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and

manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

boundaries; 7 percent exchangeable sodium; very

strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btn2—16 to 21 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to strong medium angular blocky; firm;

common very fine roots; common distinct gray

Figure 5.—Typical pattern of upland prairie and transitional soils that formed in loess or in loess and pedisediment underlain by

glacial till; in nearly level to gently sloping areas.
Christian County, Illinois 55

(10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; many fine

faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions and

many fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and

many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine prominent

irregular strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

and manganese and few medium prominent

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and

manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

boundaries; 12 percent exchangeable sodium;

moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btn3—21 to 27 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) and

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam;

moderate coarse prismatic structure; firm; few

very fine roots; few distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay

films on faces of peds; many coarse prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the

matrix; few medium prominent irregular very dark

brown (7.5YR 2.5/2) masses of iron and

manganese with diffuse strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

boundaries; 17 percent exchangeable sodium;

slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btng1—27 to 35 inches; light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic

structure; firm; few very fine roots; few distinct gray

(10YR 5/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds and

few distinct black (10YR 2/1) and very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films lining root channels

and pores; few medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1)

iron depletions and few medium distinct dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and light yellowish

brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron in the matrix;

common coarse prominent irregular black (7.5YR

2.5/1) masses of iron and manganese with diffuse

strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) boundaries; 20 percent

exchangeable sodium; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Btng2—35 to 39 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) silty

clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure;

friable; few very fine roots; few distinct gray (10YR

5/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds; few

coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

and common coarse prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few

medium prominent irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1)

masses of iron and manganese; 25 percent

exchangeable sodium; slightly alkaline; abrupt

smooth boundary.

Cng1—39 to 44 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; few very fine roots; many coarse

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6 and 5/8)

and common coarse and medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; common medium and coarse prominent

irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1) masses of iron and

manganese; few medium faint irregular white

(10YR 8/1) nodules of carbonate; 25 percent

exchangeable sodium; slightly effervescent;

slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

Cng2—44 to 62 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; few distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films lining root

channels and pores; many coarse prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6 and 5/8) and many

medium and coarse prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few

medium prominent irregular black (7.5YR 2.5/1)

masses of iron and manganese; about 25 percent

exchangeable sodium; slightly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Cng3—62 to 80 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; few distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films lining root

channels; many coarse prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) and common medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine prominent irregular black (7.5YR

2.5/1) masses of iron and manganese; moderately

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: Typically,

35 to 50 inches, but ranging from 30 to 60 inches

Thickness of the loess: More than 45 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5 (5 or 6 dry)

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6 (6 to 8 dry)

Chroma—2

Texture—silt loam

Btn or Btng horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—typically, silty clay loam; silty clay or silt

loam in some pedons

Cg, 2Cg, or Cng horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay

loam
56 Soil Survey of

882A—Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville silt

loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Oconee and similar soils: 35 percent

Darmstadt and similar soils: 30 percent

Coulterville and similar soils: 20 percent

Dissimilar soils: 15 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils that do not have a light colored subsurface

layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

• Soils with a slope of more than 2 percent

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Cowden and Piasa soils in

depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Oconee Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Darmstadt

Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: High within a depth of 30 inches

Available water capacity: About 9.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Coulterville

Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: Moderate within a depth of 30

inches

Available water capacity: About 9.2 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Oconee and

Coulterville—2w; Darmstadt—3w

Prime farmland status: Oconee, Darmstadt, and

Coulterville—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Oconee, Darmstadt, and

Coulterville—not hydric

Denny Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Mollic

Albaqualfs
Christian County, Illinois 57

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Denny silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of 720 feet; McDonough County, Illinois; 225 feet north

and 1,680 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 25,

T. 7 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Good Hope topographic

quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 33 minutes 31 seconds N.

and long. 90 degrees 41 minutes 14 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

very friable; few very fine roots throughout;

moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Eg1—8 to 14 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak

thick platy structure parting to weak thin platy;

very friable; few very fine roots throughout; few

very fine vesicular pores throughout; few distinct

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root

channels; common faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

clay depletions on faces of peds; common fine

prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/6)

masses of iron and manganese throughout; few

fine black (N 2/0) concretions of iron and

manganese in the matrix; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Eg2—14 to 21 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak thick platy

structure parting to moderate medium platy;

friable; few very fine roots throughout; few fine

tubular and few very fine vesicular pores

throughout; few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings in root channels; common fine

faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; common fine black

(N 2/0) concretions of iron and manganese in the

matrix; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Btg1—21 to 29 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots between

peds; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root

channels; many fine prominent dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/6) and common fine distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; common fine black

(N 2/0) concretions of iron and manganese in the

matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—29 to 38 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; few very fine roots between peds; common

faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on

faces of peds; few distinct very dark gray (10YR

3/1) organic coatings in root channels; many fine

prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/8) masses of iron and manganese throughout;

common fine (N 2/0) concretions of iron and

manganese in the matrix; moderately acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Btg3—38 to 46 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silty clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic

structure parting to moderate coarse subangular

blocky; firm; very few fine roots between peds;

common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

clay films on faces of peds; few distinct very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels;

many fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/6) and common fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; common fine black (N 2/0) concretions

of iron and manganese in the matrix; moderately

acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Cg1—46 to 63 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silty clay loam; massive; firm; few very fine roots

between peds; few very fine vesicular pores

throughout; very few distinct very dark gray (10YR

3/1) organic coatings in root channels; many fine

prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and

common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron and manganese throughout; few

medium black (N 2/0) concretions of iron and

manganese in the matrix; slightly acid; diffuse

wavy boundary.

Cg2—63 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silt loam; massive; firm; many very fine vesicular

pores throughout; very few distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels;

many fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/6) and common fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; few medium black (N 2/0) concretions

of iron and manganese in the matrix; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 65

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Eg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6
58 Soil Survey of

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

45A—Denny silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Depressions

Map Unit Composition

Denny and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

• Soils with a thinner, lighter colored surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Osco soils on summits and

shoulders

• The moderately well drained Buckhart soils on

summits and backslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Denny Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 1 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Denny—3w

Prime farmland status: Denny—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Denny—hydric

Douglas Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Douglas silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 535 feet; Bond County, Illinois; 460 feet

east and 1,460 feet south of the northwest corner of

sec. 29, T. 4 N., R. 4 W.; USGS Pocahontas

topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 46 minutes 04

seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 34 minutes 28

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine

granular structure; friable; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

A—7 to 11 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

medium granular structure; friable; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

BA—11 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; many distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of

peds; common medium black (10YR 2/1) masses

of iron and manganese throughout; moderately

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—15 to 21 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; many distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and

dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of

peds; many distinct black (N 2/0) organic coatings

on faces of peds; common medium black (10YR

2/1) masses of iron and manganese throughout;

medium acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—21 to 31 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; common distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

and dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on faces of

peds; few distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt

coatings along pores; many medium black (10YR
Christian County, Illinois 59

2/1) masses of iron and manganese throughout;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt3—31 to 43 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; many

distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay films and

pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt coatings on faces of

peds; many medium black (10YR 2/1) masses of

iron and manganese throughout; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

2Bt4—43 to 57 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; many

distinct dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay films and pale

brown (10YR 6/3) silt coatings on faces of peds;

many medium black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron

and manganese throughout; about 18 percent

sand; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Bt5—57 to 75 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; common

distinct reddish brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay films and

pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt coatings on faces of

peds; few distinct dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) and

black (N 2/0) clay films lining worm channels;

about 24 percent sand and 4 percent gravel;

slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

2Bt6—75 to 80 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; few

distinct reddish brown (7.5YR 4/3) clay films on

faces of peds; about 32 percent sand and 4

percent gravel; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 60 to

more than 90 inches

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 16 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value— 2 or 3

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue— 7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Bt horizon(s):

Hue— 7.5YR or 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam, clay loam, or silt loam

Taxadjunct Feature

Douglas silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded,

has a dark surface soil that is thinner than is definitive

for the series. This difference, however, does not

significantly affect the use and management of the

soil. The soil is classified as a fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Mollic Hapludalf.

128B—Douglas silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Knolls

Position on landform: Summits and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Douglas and similar soils: 95 percent

Dissimilar soils: 5 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils in which the surface soil is lighter in color

• Soils in which the surface layer contains more clay

• Soils with a seasonal high water table within a depth

of 6 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Oconee soils on

toeslopes below the Douglas soil

Properties and Qualities of the Douglas Soil

Parent material: Loess over loamy pedisediment

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate or

moderately rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low
60 Soil Survey of

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Douglas—2e

Prime farmland status: Douglas—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Douglas—not hydric

128C2—Douglas silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Knolls

Position on landform: Backslopes and summits

Map Unit Composition

Douglas and similar soils: 95 percent

Dissimilar soils: 5 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a slope of less than 5 percent

• Soils in which the upper part of the subsoil has more

sand

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Oconee soils on

toeslopes below the Douglas soil

Properties and Qualities of the Douglas Soil

Parent material: Loess over loamy pedisediment

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate or

moderately rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Douglas—3e

Prime farmland status: Douglas—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Douglas—not hydric

Drummer Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Drummer silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 715 feet; Champaign County, Illinois;

about 300 feet north and 1,600 feet east of the

southwest corner of sec. 19, T. 19 N., R. 9 E.; USGS

Urbana topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 5

minutes 4 seconds N. and long. 88 degrees 13

minutes 58 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular

structure; firm; many fine roots; moderately acid;

clear smooth boundary.

A—7 to 14 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine

granular; firm; many fine and medium roots;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

BA—14 to 19 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many

fine and medium roots; few fine faint very dark

grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) masses of iron and

manganese in the matrix; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bg—19 to 25 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay

loam; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to

moderate fine angular blocky; firm; many fine

roots; common fine distinct and prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/4 and 5/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; many wormholes; neutral;

gradual smooth boundary.

Btg1—25 to 32 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; weak fine and medium prismatic

structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky;

firm; many fine roots; common distinct dark gray

(N 4/0) clay films on faces of peds; many medium

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron

in the matrix; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

Btg2—32 to 41 inches; gray (N 5/0) silty clay loam;

weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak

medium angular blocky; firm; few fine roots; few

distinct dark gray (N 4/0) clay films on faces of

peds; many medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) masses of iron in the matrix; neutral;

clear wavy boundary.
Christian County, Illinois 61

2Btg3—41 to 47 inches; gray (N 5/0) loam; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few

fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay

films on faces of peds; common medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; 4 percent fine gravel; neutral;

abrupt wavy boundary.

2Cg—47 to 60 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1), stratified

loam and sandy loam; massive; friable; many

medium prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses

of iron in the matrix; many medium faint gray

(N 5/0) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to carbonates: 40 to 65 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 42 to 65

inches

Ap, A, or AB horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam

BA, Bg, or Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Btg, 2Bg, or 2BCg horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—commonly, loam or silt loam; stratified

with sandy loam, clay loam, silty clay loam,

sandy clay loam, or fine sandy loam in some

pedons

2Cg or 2C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—0 to 8

Texture—stratified loam, sandy loam, sandy clay

loam, clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam; thin

strata of loamy sand in some pedons

152A—Drummer silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Outwash plains

Position on landform: Toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Drummer and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils in which the upper part of the subsoil is darker

and contains more clay

• Soils in which the lower part of the subsoil contains

more sand

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Dissimilar soils:

• The moderately well drained Blackberry soils on

summits

Properties and Qualities of the Drummer Soil

Parent material: Loess over loamy outwash

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 4.5 to

7.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Drummer—2w

Prime farmland status: Drummer—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Drummer—hydric

536—Dumps, mine

Setting

This map unit consists of areas that have been

used as dump sites for coal mine spoil. Mixed soil

material is underlain by a mixture of coal dust, shale

fragments, and clayey soil material.
62 Soil Survey of

Map Unit Composition

Dumps, mine: 95 percent

Dissimilar components: 5 percent

Minor Components

Dissimilar components:

• Well drained, loamy Orthents

• Areas of undisturbed soils along the edge of the

refuse areas

• Areas of water less than 3 acres in size

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Dumps—none assigned

Prime farmland status: Dumps—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Dumps—unranked

835G—Earthen dam

Setting

This map unit consists of cut and fill areas designed

to retain water.

Map Unit Composition

Earthen dam: 90 percent

Dissimilar components: 10 percent

Minor Components

Dissimilar components:

• Rock or concrete spillways

• Small areas of natural soils

• Small areas of roads or lanes

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Earthen dam—none

assigned

Prime farmland status: Earthen dam—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Earthen dam—unranked

Ebbert Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Argiaquic Argialbolls

Typical Pedon

Ebbert silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of about 630 feet; Christian County, Illinois; about 660

feet south and 198 feet west of the center of sec. 31, T.

11 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Nokomis topographic

quadrangle; latitude 39 degrees, 21 minutes, 14

seconds N. and longitude 89 degrees, 28 minutes, 2

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; few fine and very fine roots throughout;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

A—8 to 11 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak very fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine

roots throughout; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Eg—11 to 16 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam;

weak medium platy structure parting to weak

medium granular; friable; few very fine roots

throughout; common faint very dark gray (10YR

3/1) organic coatings on faces of peds and lining

pores; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/1 dry) clay

depletions on faces of peds; few fine distinct

brown (10YR 5/3) and few fine prominent dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg1—16 to 18 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few

very fine roots throughout; few faint very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings lining pores and few

faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of

peds; few fine faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron

depletions in the matrix and common fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron along

pores; few fine black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron

and manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Btg2—18 to 28 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam;

moderate fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots throughout; few

faint very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings

lining pores and many faint dark gray (10YR 4/1)

clay films on faces of peds; few fine faint grayish

brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; few

fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6)

and many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/8) masses of iron along pores; few fine black

(10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg3—28 to 40 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

firm; few faint very dark gray (5Y 3/1) organic

coatings lining pores; few faint dark gray (5Y 4/1)

clay films on faces of peds; many fine prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron along

pores; few fine black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron

and manganese throughout; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg4—40 to 52 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam;

moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky
Christian County, Illinois 63

structure; firm; few distinct very dark gray (5Y 3/1)

organic coatings lining pores; few faint dark gray

(5Y 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; common fine

and medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine black

(10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Cg—52 to 63 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silt loam; massive;

firm; few faint dark gray (5Y 4/1) clay films lining

pores; common medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few

fine black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

2Bgb—63 to 80 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; common fine prominent dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 18 inches

Thickness of the loess: More than 40 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to

more than 60 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—commonly, silt loam; less commonly, silty

clay loam

Eg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—commonly, silty clay loam; less

commonly, silt loam

2Cg or Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, clay loam, or

loam

2Bgb horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam

48A—Ebbert silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Depressions

Map Unit Composition

Ebbert and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner surface soil

• Soils with more clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Properties and Qualities of the Ebbert Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

loamy sediments

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 12.1 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 1 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Ebbert—3w

Prime farmland status: Ebbert—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Ebbert—hydric

Edinburg Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic

Argiaquolls
64 Soil Survey of

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Edinburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 615 feet; Sangamon County, Illinois; 1,200

feet south and 276 feet east of the center of sec. 22, T.

14 N., R. 6 W.; USGS Chatham, Illinois, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 38 minutes 37 seconds N.

and long. 89 degrees 45 minutes 00 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay

loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine and

medium granular structure; friable; common fine

and very fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

A—8 to 10 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay

loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium

granular structure with some moderate very fine

subangular blocky; firm; common fine and very

fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

BE—10 to 16 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak and

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm;

common very fine and few fine roots; few fine faint

very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) and dark

grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) iron depletions; few fine

prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses of iron

and manganese; few distinct light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) clay depletions on faces of peds; few

fine yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) concretions of

iron and manganese; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg1—16 to 20 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay

loam; moderate fine angular blocky structure; firm;

few very fine roots; many distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds; few

fine prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses of

iron and manganese; few fine concretions of iron

and manganese; neutral; gradual smooth

boundary.

Btg2—20 to 26 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay;

moderate medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium and coarse angular blocky;

firm; few very fine roots; common distinct dark

gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; few

fine prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses of

iron and manganese; common fine concretions of

iron and manganese; slightly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

Btg3—26 to 34 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay

loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; firm;

few very fine roots; common distinct dark gray

(10YR 4/1) clay films and few faint very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6 and 5/8) masses of iron and manganese; few

fine concretions of iron and manganese; neutral;

gradual smooth boundary.

Btg4—34 to 41 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; firm;

few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray (10YR

4/1) clay films and very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organo-clay films on vertical faces of peds; many

fine and medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6 and 5/8) masses of iron and

manganese; few fine concretions of iron and

manganese; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

BCg—41 to 55 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

weak coarse angular blocky; friable; few faint dark

gray (10YR 4/1) clay films and very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on vertical faces of

peds; many fine and medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6 and 5/8) masses of iron and

manganese; few fine concretions of iron and

manganese; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

C—55 to 60 inches; mottled yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) and light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt loam;

massive; friable; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films in

root channels; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 65

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

BE, BEg, or Eg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

C or Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam
Christian County, Illinois 65

249A—Edinburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Depressions (fig. 2)

Map Unit Composition

Edinburg and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner dark surface soil

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

Properties and Qualities of the Edinburg Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow or moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

6.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Edinburg—3w

Prime farmland status: Edinburg—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Edinburg—hydric

Elburn Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Aquic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Elburn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slope, at an elevation

of about 617 feet; Christian County, Illinois; 2,716 feet

north and 1,300 feet west of the southeast corner of

sec. 36, T. 14 N. R. 1 E.; USGS Assumption, Illinois,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 37 minutes

4.7 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 1 minute 45.8

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine

granular structure; friable; few very fine roots;

many distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic

coatings on faces of peds; slightly acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—6 to 16 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

fine granular structure; friable; few very fine roots;

many distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic

coatings on faces of peds; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt1—16 to 21 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; few very fine roots; many distinct very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films and dark gray

(10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; few fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of

iron and few fine faint brown (10YR 5/3) masses of

iron and manganese in the matrix; few fine

prominent concretions of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—21 to 28 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

firm; few very fine roots; common distinct very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films and

common faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay

films on faces of peds; few fine faint grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) iron depletions and few fine distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine prominent concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt3—28 to 36 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay

films and dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces

of peds; common fine faint grayish brown (10YR

5/2) iron depletions and common fine distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine prominent concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt4—36 to 43 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; few

prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay

films and few distinct brown (10YR 5/3) clay films

on faces of peds; common medium distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and brownish yellow

(10YR 6/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine
66 Soil Survey of

prominent concretions of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg—43 to 49 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films and

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces

of peds; many medium prominent brownish yellow

(10YR 6/8) and few fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few

fine prominent concretions of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

2BCtg—49 to 58 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2),

stratified silt loam, loam, and sandy loam; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few

very fine roots; few distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films and dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films lining pores;

common medium prominent brownish yellow

(10YR 6/8) and few fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few

very fine concretions of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

2Cg—58 to 62 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2),

stratified sandy loam and loamy sand; massive;

very friable; common medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/8)

masses of iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 19 inches

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 70

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Bt or Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Btg, 2Bt, 2Bg, 2BC, 2BCtg, or 2BCg horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture—sandy loam, clay loam, loam, silty clay

loam, or silt loam

2C or 2Cg horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture—sandy loam, loam, loamy sand, sand, or

silt loam

198A—Elburn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Stream terraces and outwash plains (fig. 3)

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Elburn and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with more sand in the upper part of the subsoil

• Soils with a thinner dark surface soil

• Soils in which the lower part of the subsoil and the

underlying material contain less sand

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Drummer soils in depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Elburn Soil

Parent material: Loess over outwash

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.5 to

5.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Elburn—1
Christian County, Illinois 67

Prime farmland status: Elburn—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Elburn—not hydric

Elco Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Elco silt loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes, at an elevation

of about 575 feet; Sangamon County, Illinois; 2,520

feet east and 2,200 feet south of the northwest corner

of sec. 35, T. 15 N., R. 4 W.; USGS New City, Illinois,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 42 minutes 30

seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 30 minutes 28

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; strong

very fine granular structure; friable; many roots

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

E—4 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak

thin platy structure parting to moderate very fine

granular; friable; many distinct light gray (10YR 7/1

dry) clay depletions on faces of peds; few faint

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic

coatings on faces of peds and in pores; few

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) flecks and

fragments of subsoil material; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

BE—12 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; moderate very fine and fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; few faint dark brown

(10YR 3/3) organo-clay films and very few faint

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces

of peds; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/1 dry) clay

depletions on faces of peds; few fine black (5YR

2.5/1) concretions of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt—15 to 26 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; many distinct brown (10YR

4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct light

gray (10YR 7/1 dry) silt coatings on faces of peds;

few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine distinct

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions along

micropores; few fine black (5YR 2.5/1) concretions

of iron and manganese throughout; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

2Btg1—26 to 39 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam;

moderate medium and coarse subangular and

angular blocky structure; firm; common distinct

olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and brown (10YR 4/3) clay

films on faces of peds; few fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix;

common very fine black (5YR 2.5/1) concretions

of iron and manganese throughout; slightly acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

3Btg2—39 to 55 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay; weak

medium prismatic structure parting to moderate

coarse subangular and angular blocky; firm; many

distinct gray (5Y 5/1) clay films on faces of peds;

few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine black (5YR

2.5/1) concretions of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

3Btg3—55 to 70 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay; moderate fine and medium subangular and

angular blocky structure; friable; common distinct

gray (5Y 5/1) clay films on faces of peds and in

pores; common fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

black (5YR 2.5/1) concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

3Btg4—70 to 80 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay;

moderate coarse subangular blocky structure;

firm; common distinct greenish gray (5GY 5/1) clay

films on faces of peds; few distinct black (10YR

2/1) organic coatings in root channels and pores;

many fine strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; few fine black (5YR 2.5/1)

concretions of iron and manganese throughout;

slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: More than

48 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

E horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam

BE horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6
68 Soil Survey of

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Btg or 2Bt horizon(s):

Hue—5Y, 2.5Y, 10YR, or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or silt

loam

3Btg or 3Bt horizon(s):

Hue—5Y, 2.5Y, 10YR, or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty

clay, or clay

119C2—Elco silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 4)

Position on landform: Shoulders and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Elco and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with more sand in the subsoil

• Soils with more clay in the surface layer

• Soils with more clay in the upper part of the subsoil

• Soils with less clay and sand in the lower part of the

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Hickory soils on backslopes below

the Elco soil

Properties and Qualities of the Elco Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 2.0 to 3.5 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Elco—3e

Prime farmland status: Elco—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Elco—not hydric

119D2—Elco silt loam, 10 to 18 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Shoulders and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Elco and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils that have more sand in the subsoil

• Soils that have more clay in surface layer

• Soils that have less sand and less clay in the lower

part of the subsoil

• Soils that have more clay in the upper part of the

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Hickory soils on backslopes below

the Elco soil

Properties and Qualities of the Elco Soil

Parent material: Loess over a paleosol that formed in

till

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow
Christian County, Illinois 69

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.2 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 2.0 to 3.5 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Elco—3e

Prime farmland status: Elco—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Elco—not hydric

Elkhart Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Elkhart silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded, at an

elevation of 570 feet; Logan County, Illinois; 2,060 feet

south and 1,248 feet west of the northeast corner of

sec. 32, T. 19 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Broadwell

topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 03 minutes 26

seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 26 minutes 58

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak

fine and medium granular structure; friable;

common very fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—8 to 10 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

moderate fine granular structure; friable; common

very fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

BA—10 to 15 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay

loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; moderate very fine

and fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common very fine roots; common faint very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on

faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt1—15 to 22 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organo-clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—22 to 28 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine

roots; few distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) organoclay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

BCt—28 to 31 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak medium and coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few

faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds;

few fine black (5YR 2.5/1) manganese concretions

with diffuse boundaries in ped interiors; neutral;

clear smooth boundary.

C—31 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; friable; few very fine roots in the

upper 10 inches; common fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in ped interiors;

common medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron

depletions along root channels and pores; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics:

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 20 to 40

inches

Depth to carbonates: 20 to 40 inches

Ap, A, or AB horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

BA or Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

BC or BCt horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6
70 Soil Survey of

Texture—silt or silt loam

Taxadjunct Feature

The Elkhart soils in this survey area have a dark

surface soil that is thinner than is definitive for the

series. This difference, however, does not significantly

affect the use and management of the soils. The soils

are classified as fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic

Mollic Hapludalfs.

567C2—Elkhart silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Shoulders and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Elkhart and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with carbonates at a depth of more than 40

inches

• Soils with more clay in the surface layer

Properties and Qualities of the Elkhart Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 12.2 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Elkhart—3e

Prime farmland status: Elkhart—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Elkhart—not hydric

Greenbush Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Mollic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Greenbush silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 700 feet; Warren County, Illinois; 1,500 feet

west and 1,500 feet north of the southeast corner of

sec. 18, T. 8 N., R. 1 W.; USGS Greenbush

topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 40 minutes 40

seconds N. and long. 90 degrees 32 minutes 45

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

E—6 to 10 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; weak thin platy structure; friable; common

faint very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings

on faces of peds; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

BE—10 to 17 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate medium platy structure parting to weak

fine subangular blocky; friable; few distinct very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings and

common distinct gray (10YR 6/1) silt coatings on

faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt1—17 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate fine and medium angular

blocky; friable; common faint dark yellowish brown

(10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common

distinct gray (10YR 6/1) silt coatings on faces of

peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt2—29 to 38 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate fine angular blocky; friable; common

faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds;

many faint light gray (10YR 7/2) silt coatings on

faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron; common

medium prominent light olive gray (5Y 6/1) iron

depletions in the matrix; common prominent black

(N 2/0) manganese oxide stains; strongly acid;

gradual wavy boundary.

Bt3—38 to 53 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay
Christian County, Illinois 71

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate fine angular blocky; friable; common

faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds;

many distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) silt coatings on

faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout;

common medium prominent light olive gray (5Y

6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; common

prominent black (N 2/0) manganese oxide stains;

strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

BCt—53 to 75 inches; 60 percent brown (10YR 5/3)

and 40 percent light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt loam;

weak medium and coarse prismatic structure

parting to weak fine and medium angular blocky;

friable; few faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on

faces of peds; few faint light gray (10YR 7/2) silt

coatings on faces of peds; common medium

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron

in the matrix; common prominent black (N 2/0)

manganese oxide stains; moderately acid; gradual

wavy boundary.

C—75 to 100 inches; 55 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) and 45 percent light olive gray (5Y 6/2)

silt loam; massive; friable; many medium distinct

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in

the matrix; many prominent black (N 2/0)

manganese oxide stains; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to carbonates: More than 60 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 36 to 80

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

E or BE horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

Bt or BCt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam

675B—Greenbush silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 4)

Position on landform: Summits and shoulders

Map Unit Composition

Greenbush and similar soils: 95 percent

Dissimilar soils: 5 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils with more sand in the underlying material

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 6 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Clarksdale and Ipava

soils on broad summits

Properties and Qualities of the Greenbush

Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Greenbush—2e

Prime farmland status: Greenbush—prime farmland in

all areas

Hydric soil status: Greenbush—not hydric
72 Soil Survey of

Harrison Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Harrison silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 665 feet; Christian County, Illinois; 228 feet

north and 1,350 feet west of the southeast corner of

sec. 24, T. 12 N., R. 2 W.; USGS Clarksdale

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 27 minutes 59

seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 15 minutes 17

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 10 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak

fine granular structure; friable; common very fine

and few fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

BA—10 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

weak very fine and fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; many distinct

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic

coatings on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt1—14 to 20 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

few very fine roots; common distinct very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and few distinct very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of

peds; few fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) masses of iron along micropores; few fine

manganese accumulations in the matrix;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—20 to 27 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay

loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few

very fine roots; common distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films on faces of

peds; few fine faint brown (7.5YR 4/4 and 10YR

5/3) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses

of iron along micropores; few fine manganese

accumulations in the matrix; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt3—27 to 35 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; few distinct dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of

peds; many fine faint dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) and few fine faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses

of iron along micropores; few fine manganese

accumulations in the matrix; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt4—35 to 45 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; few distinct dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of

peds; many fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

iron depletions along micropores; common fine

faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and few fine

faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine manganese accumulations in the

matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Btg—45 to 65 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; weak medium and coarse subangular

blocky structure; firm; few distinct gray (10YR 5/1)

clay films on faces of peds; few fine faint brown

(10YR 5/3), common fine and medium distinct

dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), and few fine

distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine manganese accumulations in the

matrix; about 15 percent sand and 1 percent

gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

3Btgb—65 to 80 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay

loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; common distinct olive gray (5Y 4/2)

clay films on faces of peds; common medium

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron

in the matrix; few fine manganese accumulations

in the matrix; about 5 percent gravel; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 19 inches

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: More than

45 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

AB or BA horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Btg or 2BCg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 7.5YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, loam, or clay

loam
Christian County, Illinois 73

3Btgb horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 3

Texture—clay loam, clay, silty clay, or silty clay

loam

Taxadjunct Feature

Harrison silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded,

has a dark surface soil that is thinner than is definitive

for the series. This difference, however, does not

significantly affect the use and management of the

soil. The soil is classified as a fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalf.

127B—Harrison silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 5)

Position on landform: Summits and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Harrison and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils in which the lower part of the subsoil contains

less sand

• Soils in which the surface soil is thinner or lighter in

color

• Soils with a seasonal high water table within a depth

of 2 feet

• Soils in which the lower part of the subsoil contains

more sand

Properties and Qualities of the Harrison Soil

Parent material: Loess over pedisediment

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow to

moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 2.0 to 3.5 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Harrison—2e

Prime farmland status: Harrison—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Harrison—not hydric

127C2—Harrison silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Harrison and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less sand in the lower part of the subsoil

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

• Soils with a lighter colored surface soil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 3.5 feet

Properties and Qualities of the Harrison Soil

Parent material: Loess over pedisediment

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow to

moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 2.0 to 3.5 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate
74 Soil Survey of

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Harrison—3e

Prime farmland status: Harrison—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Harrison—not hydric

Hartsburg Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Hartsburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 562 feet; Logan County, Illinois; 660 feet

west and 40 feet north of the southeast corner of sec.

23, T. 21 N., R. 4 W.; USGS New Holland topographic

quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 14 minutes 58 seconds N.

and long. 89 degrees 31 minutes 28 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium

granular structure; friable; slightly acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A1—7 to 12 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium

granular structure; friable; few very fine roots;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

A2—12 to 17 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium

granular structure; firm; few very fine roots; few

fine rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented

concretions of iron and manganese with diffuse

boundaries along root channels and pores; few

fine faint dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) iron

depletions in the matrix; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg—17 to 21 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic

coatings on faces of peds; common very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) krotovinas; few fine rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented concretions of

iron and manganese with diffuse boundaries lining

root channels and pores; common fine prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bkg—21 to 30 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

firm; few very fine roots; common distinct dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and grayish brown (2.5Y

5/2) pressure faces on peds; common very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) krotovinas; few fine rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented concretions of

iron and manganese with diffuse boundaries lining

root channels and pores; few fine and medium

rounded white (10YR 8/1) weakly cemented

concretions of calcium carbonate throughout;

common medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/8) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses

of iron in the matrix; slightly effervescent; slightly

alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.

BCkg—30 to 34 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silty clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; many distinct gray (N 5/0) and

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) linings in pores and root

channels; common very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

krotovinas; few fine rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1)

weakly cemented concretions of iron and

manganese with diffuse boundaries lining pores;

many medium and coarse rounded white (10YR

8/1) weakly cemented concretions of calcium

carbonate throughout; many medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron in the

matrix; violently effervescent among concretions,

slightly effervescent in the matrix; slightly alkaline;

clear wavy boundary.

Cg—34 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt

loam; massive; friable; common very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) krotovinas; few medium rounded white

(10YR 8/1) weakly cemented concretions of

calcium carbonate throughout; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of

iron with diffuse boundaries lining pores; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to carbonates: 15 to 35 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 24 to 50

inches

Ap, A, or AB horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or neutral

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam

BA, Bg, Bkg, Btg, BCk, BCkg, or BCg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Christian County, Illinois 75

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

244A—Hartsburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Hartsburg and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils in which the subsoil is more acid

• Soils with more clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Spaulding soils, which have

carbonates at the surface and are in landscape

positions similar to those of the Hartsburg soil

Properties and Qualities of the Hartsburg Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 12.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 4.5 to

6.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Hartsburg—2w

Prime farmland status: Hartsburg—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Hartsburg—hydric

Herrick Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquic

Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Herrick silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of 635 feet; Christian County, Illinois; 1,260 feet south

and 60 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 1, T.

11 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Clarksdale topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 26 minutes 0 seconds N.

and long. 89 degrees 22 minutes 0 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap1—0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

moderate very fine granular structure; very friable;

common fine and very fine roots; common

wormcasts and worm channels; common very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings on faces of

peds and lining channels; light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2 dry) silt coatings and common very fine

concretions of iron and manganese on the soil

surface; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Ap2—7 to 11 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure parting to

weak fine granular; very friable; few fine and

medium roots; common wormcasts and worm

channels; common distinct very dark gray (10YR

3/1) organic coatings lining channels; few very fine

masses of iron and manganese; slightly acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

E—11 to 15 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; discontinuous

weak thick platy structure parting to weak medium

granular; friable; few fine roots; few medium worm

channels; many distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

clay depletions on faces of peds, distinct light gray

(10YR 7/1) dry; few fine concretions of iron and

manganese and common soft yellowish brown

iron accumulations that streak with tools on cut

faces; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg—15 to 19 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak very fine and fine prismatic

structure parting to moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; few

distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organo-clay films on horizontal and vertical faces

of peds; few very fine distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) masses of iron; many distinct light gray

(10YR 7/1 dry) clay depletions on faces of peds;

few fine concretions and stains of iron and

manganese; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.
76 Soil Survey of

Bt1—19 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular and

angular blocky; firm; few fine and very fine roots,

dominantly between peds; many distinct very

dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and common

prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organoclay films and brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on

vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common

fine faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron and

few fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions; few fine concretions of iron and

manganese; moderately acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

Bt2—25 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty

clay loam; moderate medium and coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak coarse subangular

blocky; very firm; few fine and very fine roots,

dominantly in the cracks between peds; many

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay

films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds;

common medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4)

masses of iron and few fine prominent grayish

brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; few concretions

of iron and manganese; moderately acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bt3—35 to 47 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty

clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure

parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm;

few very fine roots; few very fine continuous

vertical tubular pores; many distinct very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films on

vertical faces of peds and lining pores and

common distinct clay films on horizontal faces of

peds; common fine prominent light brownish gray

(2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; gradual

wavy boundary.

Bt4—47 to 58 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure;

firm; few very fine roots; many very fine

continuous vertical tubular pores; few distinct very

dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films

on vertical faces of peds and lining channels;

many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron and common medium distinct light

brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; slightly

acid; gradual smooth boundary.

C1—58 to 70 inches; mottled yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) and light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam;

massive; friable; few very fine and fine continuous

vertical tubular pores; very dark grayish brown

clay lining pores; few masses and stains of iron

and manganese; an increase in the content of

coarse silt and very fine sand; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

2C2—70 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; friable; common very fine and fine

continuous vertical tubular pores; dark grayish

brown clay lining pores; common medium distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of

iron and common fine prominent light brownish

gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; few masses and

stains of iron and manganese; an increase in the

content of coarse silt and very fine sand; neutral;

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 21 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 45 to 60

inches

Thickness of the loess: More than 55 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

E horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Btg or Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or silt loam

C or Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

2Cg or 2C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam, clay loam, loam, or silty clay

loam

46A—Herrick silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 5)
Christian County, Illinois 77

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Herrick and similar soils: 92 percent

Dissimilar soils: 8 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils in which the seasonal high water table is at a

depth of more than 2 feet

• Soils in which the dark surface soil is thinner

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Cowden, Piasa, and Virden soils

in depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Herrick Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Herrick—2w

Prime farmland status: Herrick—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Herrick—not hydric

894A—Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams, 0

to 2 percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Herrick and Biddle—summits;

Piasa—toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Herrick and similar soils: 45 percent

Biddle and similar soils: 35 percent

Piasa and similar soils: 20 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils that do not have a subsurface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Properties and Qualities of the Herrick Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Biddle Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: Moderate within a depth of 30

inches

Available water capacity: About 11.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None
78 Soil Survey of

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Piasa Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: High within a depth of 30 inches

Available water capacity: About 7.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: At the surface to 1

foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Herrick and Biddle—2w;

Piasa—3w

Prime farmland status: Herrick, Biddle, and Piasa—not

prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Herrick and Biddle—not hydric;

Piasa—hydric

Hickory Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active,

mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon

Hickory silt loam, 35 to 60 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 565 feet; Cass County, Illinois; 1,935 feet

north and 2,130 feet west of the southeast corner of

sec. 27, T. 18 N., R. 9 W.; USGS Ashland, Illinois,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 58 minutes

47.5 seconds N. and long. 90 degrees 5 minutes 38

seconds W., NAD 27:

A1—0 to 1 inch; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry;

moderate medium granular structure; friable; many

very fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

A2—1 to 4 inches; 90 percent dark grayish brown

(10YR 4/2) and 10 percent brown (10YR 4/3) silt

loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine

subangular blocky and granular structure; friable;

many very fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

E—4 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, light gray

(10YR 7/2) dry; moderate thin platy structure;

friable; few very fine and fine roots; few distinct

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic

coatings in root channels and/or pores; common

fine distinct very pale brown (10YR 8/2) clay

depletions between peds; 3 percent gravel;

strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

BE—8 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam,

light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; moderate very fine and

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very

fine roots; very few faint brown (10YR 5/3) and

very few distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

organic coatings in root channels and/or pores;

common fine distinct very pale brown (10YR 8/2)

clay depletions between peds; 3 percent gravel;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—12 to 22 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay

loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films

and common distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/3)

silt coatings on faces of peds; 5 percent gravel;

very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—22 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay

loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; many

faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films

and few distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt

coatings on faces of peds; 5 percent gravel;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt3—29 to 40 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay

loam; moderate medium prismatic and subangular

blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; many

distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films and very few

distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt coatings

on faces of peds; 5 percent gravel; moderately

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt4—40 to 53 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay

loam; weak medium prismatic and weak medium

and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few

very fine roots; many distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4)

clay films on faces of peds; few prominent fine

black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; 5 percent gravel; moderately acid;

gradual smooth boundary.
Christian County, Illinois 79

BCt—53 to 58 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

loam; weak medium prismatic and weak medium

and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few

very fine roots; common distinct brown (7.5YR

4/4) clay films on faces of peds; few fine prominent

black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese

and common distinct brown (10YR 5/3) iron

depletions throughout; 5 percent gravel; neutral;

gradual smooth boundary.

C—58 to 63 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam;

massive; firm; very few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4)

clay films in root channels and/or pores; few

prominent fine black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron

and manganese and many fine prominent light

brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions

throughout; 3 percent gravel; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: 0 to 20 inches

Depth to carbonates (where present): More than 40

inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: More than

40 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay

loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 5 percent

E horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 5 percent

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 7.5YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, loam, or

gravelly clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 20 percent

C horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—loam, clay loam, sandy loam, or the

gravelly analogs of those textures

Content of rock fragments—2 to 20 percent

8D2—Hickory loam, 10 to 18 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 4)

Position on landform: Backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Hickory and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a darker, thicker surface layer

• Soils with more clay in the surface layer

• Soils that have a slope of less than 10 percent

• Soils that contain more sand in the surface soil and

subsoil

• Soils that contain less sand in the surface soil and

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Atlas soils on

backslopes above the Hickory soil

• The somewhat poorly drained Radford soils on flood

plains

Properties and Qualities of the Hickory Soil

Parent material: Till

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.1 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface soil has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Hickory—3e
80 Soil Survey of

Prime farmland status: Hickory—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Hickory—not hydric

8D3—Hickory clay loam, 10 to 18 percent

slopes, severely eroded

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Hickory and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less clay in the surface layer

• Soils that contain more sand in the surface soil and

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Atlas soils on

backslopes above the Hickory soil

• The somewhat poorly drained Radford soils on flood

plains

Properties and Qualities of the Hickory Soil

Parent material: Till

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 9.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 0.5 to

1.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface layer is mostly

subsoil material.

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Hickory—4e

Prime farmland status: Hickory—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Hickory—not hydric

8F—Hickory silt loam, 18 to 35 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 3)

Position on landform: Backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Hickory and similar soils: 91 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils that contain more sand in the surface soil and

subsoil

• Soils with a slope of more than 35 percent or less

than 18 percent

• Soils with free carbonates within a depth of 40 inches

• Soils with more clay in the surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Radford soils on flood

plains

Properties and Qualities of the Hickory Soil

Parent material: Till

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Hickory—6e

Prime farmland status: Hickory—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Hickory—not hydric

Ipava Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquic

Argiudolls
Christian County, Illinois 81

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Ipava silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of 804 feet; Knox County, Illinois; 2,046 feet west and

594 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 25, T. 13

N., R. 2 E.; USGS Oneida topographic quadrangle; lat.

41 degrees 04 minutes 40 seconds N. and long. 90

degrees 13 minutes 03 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; moderately

acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—10 to 18 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silty clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common distinct black (10YR

2/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; moderately

acid; clear smooth boundary.

BA—18 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam;

moderate fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; few

fine distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron

depletions in the matrix; few distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg1—24 to 31 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silty clay; moderate fine prismatic structure parting

to moderate fine subangular blocky; friable;

common faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on

faces of peds; few fine distinct light brownish gray

(2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common

fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8)

masses of iron in the matrix; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Btg2—31 to 37 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium angular blocky;

friable; common distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay

films on faces of peds; common fine faint light

brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions in the

matrix; common medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly cemented

concretions of iron and manganese throughout;

few fine black (7.5YR 2.5/1) iron and manganese

stains on faces of peds; slightly alkaline; gradual

smooth boundary.

BCg—37 to 50 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium angular blocky;

friable; few distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) organo-clay films lining pores and on a few

vertical faces of peds; common fine faint light

brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions in the

matrix; common fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly cemented

concretions of iron and manganese throughout;

common fine black (7.5YR 2.5/1) iron and

manganese stains on faces of peds; slightly

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Cg—50 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt

loam; massive; friable; few faint very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films lining pores;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly cemented concretions

of iron and manganese throughout; few fine black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) iron and manganese stains on faces

of vertical cracks; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Depth to carbonates: More than 40 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 35 to 55

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

BA, Bt, Btg, BC, or BCg horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—typically, silty clay loam or silty clay; silt

loam in the lower part in some pedons

Cg or C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—typically, silt loam; silty clay loam in

some pedons

43A—Ipava silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 2)

Position on landform: Summits and footslopes

Map Unit Composition

Ipava and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent
82 Soil Survey of

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner dark surface soil

• Soils in which the subsurface layer is lighter in color

• Soils in which the subsoil has less clay

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Osco soils on narrow summits and

shoulders

• The poorly drained Sable, Virden, and Denny soils in

depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Ipava Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.5 to

5.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Ipava—1

Prime farmland status: Ipava—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Ipava—not hydric

Kendall Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Aeric Endoaqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of about 650 feet; Douglas County, Illinois; about 1,160

feet north and 400 feet west of the center of sec. 36, T.

15 N., R. 10 E.; USGS Oakland topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 42 minutes 24 seconds N.

and long. 88 degrees 2 minutes 17 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam, light grayish brown (10YR 6/2) dry; weak

medium granular structure; friable; many very fine

and fine roots; few fine and medium rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented nodules of iron

and manganese throughout; neutral; abrupt

smooth boundary.

E—7 to 11 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam;

moderate fine and medium granular structure;

friable; many very fine and fine roots; common fine

and medium rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

BE—11 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm;

many very fine and fine roots; common fine and

medium rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg1—14 to 25 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate fine and medium prismatic

structure parting to moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky; firm; few very fine and fine

roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay

films on faces of peds; few medium rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented nodules of iron

and manganese throughout; common fine faint

brown (10YR 5/3) masses of iron in the matrix;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—25 to 41 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium and coarse

subangular blocky; firm; few very fine and fine

roots; common distinct dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) clay films on faces of peds; few medium

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented

nodules of iron and manganese throughout;

common medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg3—41 to 51 inches; 55 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) and 45 percent gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

weak coarse subangular blocky; firm; few very fine

and fine roots; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1)

clay films on faces of peds; few medium rounded

black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented nodules of

iron and manganese throughout; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

2Btg4—51 to 58 inches; 40 percent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6), 30 percent yellowish brown (10YR
Christian County, Illinois 83

5/6), and 30 percent gray (5Y 5/1) loam; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few

distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of

peds; common fine and medium rounded black

(7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented nodules of iron

and manganese throughout; about 5 percent fine

gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

2Cg1—58 to 74 inches; 45 percent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6), 45 percent gray (5Y 5/1), and 10

percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), stratified loam,

sandy loam, and silt loam; massive; friable; about

5 percent fine gravel; slightly alkaline; abrupt

smooth boundary.

2Cg2—74 to 80 inches; 60 percent grayish brown

(10YR 5/2), 30 percent gray (10YR 5/1), and 10

percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), stratified

gravelly loam, gravelly sandy loam, and silt loam;

massive; friable; slightly effervescent; slightly

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to carbonates: 40 inches or more

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to

more than 60 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 5; 2 or 3 in A horizons less than 7

inches thick

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

E or Eg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

BE horizon(s), where present:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Btg or Bt horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam

2Btg, 2Bt, 2BCg, or 2BC horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—loam, clay loam, silt loam, or sandy loam

2Cg or 2C horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—stratified silt loam, loam, sandy loam,

clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, or

the gravelly analogs of those textures

242A—Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Stream terraces and outwash plains

Position on landform: Summits and footslopes

Map Unit Composition

Kendall and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker, darker surface soil

• Soils that contain less sand in the lower part of the

subsoil and in the underlying material

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Camden soils on summits and

backslopes

• The poorly drained Drummer and Brooklyn soils in

depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Kendall Soil

Parent material: Loess or other silty material over

outwash

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low
84 Soil Survey of

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Kendall—2w

Prime farmland status: Kendall—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Kendall—not hydric

7242A—Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, rarely flooded

Setting

Landform: Flood-plain steps

Map Unit Composition

Kendall and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker, darker surface soil

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Proctor soils in the slightly higher

areas

• The poorly drained Vesser soils in the lower areas

Properties and Qualities of the Kendall Soil

Parent material: Loess or other silty material over

outwash

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: Rare, November-June

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Kendall—2w

Prime farmland status: Kendall—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Kendall—not hydric

Keomah Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aeric

Endoaqualfs

Typical Pedon

Keomah silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 655 feet; Adams County, Illinois; 2,495 feet

south and 300 feet west of the northeast corner of sec.

4, T. 2 N., R. 7 W.; USGS Loraine topographic

quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 11 minutes 22 seconds N.

and long. 91 degrees 12 minutes 11 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap1—0 to 6 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak

thick platy structure parting to weak fine

subangular blocky; friable; many very fine and fine

roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Ap2—6 to 11 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak

medium platy structure parting to weak fine

subangular blocky; friable; common very fine and

fine roots; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses

of iron throughout; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

E—11 to 18 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; weak medium

platy structure parting to weak fine subangular

blocky; friable; common fine roots; few faint dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) organic coatings on

faces of peds and in pores; few distinct black (2.5Y

2/1) masses of iron and manganese throughout,

few prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses

of iron throughout, and few faint light gray (10YR

7/2) clay depletions throughout; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt1—18 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate fine subangular blocky; firm; common

fine roots; many distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

clay films on faces of peds; many prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron

throughout, common distinct black (2.5Y 2/1)

masses of iron and manganese throughout, and

few faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions

throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—25 to 33 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few

fine roots; many distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

clay films on faces of peds and few faint pressure
Christian County, Illinois 85

faces; common distinct black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of

iron and manganese and many prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt3—33 to 44 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few

very fine roots; common distinct grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds; many

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron throughout, common prominent black (2.5Y

2/1) masses of iron and manganese throughout,

and common faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

iron depletions throughout; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt4—44 to 51 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure;

firm; few fine roots; few distinct dark grayish brown

(10YR 4/2) clay films in root channels and/or

pores; few prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of

iron and manganese and many prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

BC1—51 to 63 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable;

few very fine roots; common prominent very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films in root

channels and/or pores; many prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron and few

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

BC2—63 to 76 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

silt loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable;

common prominent very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) organo-clay films in root channels

and/or pores; few prominent black (2.5Y 2/1)

masses of iron and manganese and many

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

C—76 to 89 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; friable; few distinct strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron throughout, few

prominent black (2.5Y 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout, and common distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions

throughout; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 76

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4 (3 in horizons less than 3 inches

thick)

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

E horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

17A—Keomah silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 4)

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Keomah and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a darker surface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Rozetta soils on narrow summits

and shoulders

• The poorly drained Denny soils in depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Keomah Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High
86 Soil Survey of

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Keomah—2w

Prime farmland status: Keomah—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Keomah—not hydric

830—Landfills

Setting

This map unit is in areas of garbage and other

refuse and in areas of rubble from the demolition of

buildings and pavement. The surface is typically

covered by a layer of compacted earth. Slopes vary

considerably. Some landfills are active, but some have

been abandoned.

Map Unit Composition

Landfills: 85 percent

Dissimilar components: 15 percent

Minor Components

Dissimilar components:

• Natural soils in areas adjacent to the landfills

• Well drained, loamy Orthents in areas adjacent to

the landfills

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Landfills—none

assigned

Prime farmland status: Landfills—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Landfills—unranked

Martinsville Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active,

mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon

Martinsville silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, eroded, at

an elevation of about 695 feet; Champaign County,

Illinois; approximately 250 feet south and 1,430 feet

east of the northwest corner of sec. 36, T. 21 N., R. 7

E.; USGS Rising topographic quadrangle; lat. 40

degrees 14 minutes 14 seconds N. and long.

88 degrees 21 minutes 37 seconds W., NAD 83:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale

brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak very fine and fine

granular structure; friable; common very fine roots;

moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

BE—9 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; moderate fine angular blocky structure;

friable; common very fine roots; few faint brown

(10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; strongly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—12 to 19 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

|4/4) clay loam; moderate medium prismatic

structure parting to strong fine angular blocky;

firm; common very fine roots; common distinct

dark brown (10YR 3/3) organo-clay films on

faces of peds; common distinct brown (10YR

4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in

the matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt2—19 to 28 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

strong medium angular blocky; firm; many very

fine roots; many distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/4)

clay films on faces of peds and in pores; few fine

faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in

the matrix; few fine rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1)

very weakly cemented nodules of iron and

manganese throughout; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt3—28 to 36 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sandy

clay loam; moderate medium and coarse angular

blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots;

many distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films on

faces of peds and in pores; few fine faint yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few

fine rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt4—36 to 45 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

sandy clay loam; weak coarse angular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; many distinct

dark brown (10YR 3/3) organo-clay films on faces

of peds; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; common fine

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly

cemented nodules of iron and manganese

throughout; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Bt5—45 to 57 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4),

stratified silt loam; weak coarse angular blocky
Christian County, Illinois 87

structure; friable; common distinct brown (10YR

4/3) clay films on faces of peds; common fine

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron

in the matrix; common fine rounded black (7.5YR

2.5/1) very weakly cemented nodules of iron and

manganese throughout; moderately acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

Bt6—57 to 69 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4),

stratified silt loam, loam, and sandy loam; weak

coarse angular blocky structure; friable; few

distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on vertical

faces of peds; common fine distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix;

common fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron

depletions in the matrix; common fine rounded

black (7.5YR 2.5/1) very weakly cemented

nodules of iron and manganese throughout;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

C—69 to 80 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4),

stratified loam and sandy loam; massive; friable;

slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 70

inches

Thickness of the loess: Less than 20 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5; 3 in A horizons less than 6 inches

thick

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam, sandy loam, or loam

E horizon, where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—4

Chroma—3

Texture—silt loam or loam

BE or Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay

loam, silt loam, loam, sandy loam, fine sandy

loam, or very fine sandy; stratified with those

textures in some pedons

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—stratified fine sandy loam, sandy loam,

loam, or silt loam with thin strata of fine sand,

loamy sand, loamy fine sand, very fine sandy

loam, coarse sand, or sand

570D2—Martinsville sandy loam, 10 to 18

percent slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Stream terraces, outwash plains, and

ground moraines

Position on landform: Risers and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Martinsville and similar soils: 92 percent

Dissimilar soils: 8 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less sand and more gravel in the subsoil

• Soils with less sand and more clay in the lower part

of the subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Atlas soils on

backslopes above the Martinsville soil

Properties and Qualities of the Martinsville

Soil

Parent material: Outwash

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate or

moderately rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 9.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Moderately high

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Martinsville—4e

Prime farmland status: Martinsville—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Martinsville—not hydric
88 Soil Survey of

570F—Martinsville loam, 18 to 35 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Stream terraces, outwash plains, and

ground moraines

Position on landform: Risers and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Martinsville and similar soils: 95 percent

Dissimilar soils: 5 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less sand throughout

• Soils with more gravel throughout

• Soils with a thinner surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Radford soils on flood

plains

Properties and Qualities of the Martinsville

Soil

Parent material: Outwash

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate or

moderately rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.0 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Martinsville—6e

Prime farmland status: Martinsville—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Martinsville—not hydric

Middletown Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Middletown silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 605 feet; Sangamon County, Illinois; 20

feet west and 1,145 feet south of the northeast corner

of sec. 26, T. 17 N., R. 6 W.; USGS Athens topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 53 minutes 57 seconds N.

and long. 89 degrees 43 minutes 51 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; moderate fine and medium granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; neutral;

abrupt smooth boundary.

E—9 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; weak medium platy structure; friable;

common fine roots; common distinct dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) organic coatings on faces of

peds; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—12 to 17 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; firm; common fine and medium roots;

common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on

faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt2—17 to 35 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; common distinct brown

(10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine

rounded black (5YR 2/1) concretions of iron and

manganese in the matrix; strongly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bt3—35 to 44 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; few distinct brown (10YR

4/3) clay films on vertical faces of peds; few fine

black (5YR 2/1) concretions of iron and

manganese in the matrix; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

2Bt4—44 to 47 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; few distinct brown (10YR 4/3)

clay films on vertical faces of peds; moderately

acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

2BC1—47 to 52 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) loamy fine sand; weak coarse subangular

blocky structure; very friable; moderately acid;

gradual smooth boundary.
Christian County, Illinois 89

2BC2—52 to 75 inches; stratified yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand

and loamy sand; single grain; loose; a 2-inch band

of brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam starting at a

depth of 64 inches; moderately acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

2C—75 to 80 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand;

single grain; loose; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 45 to 80

inches

Ap horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

E or BE horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 5

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 5

Texture—clay loam, fine sandy loam, or loam

2BC horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loamy fine sand, loamy sand, or fine sand

2C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, or

loamy sand

685B—Middletown silt loam, 2 to 5

percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines, knolls, and outwash plains

Position on landform: Summits and shoulders

Map Unit Composition

Middletown and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker, darker surface soil

• Soils with more sand in the upper part of the

subsoil

• Soils with less sand in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table within a depth

of 6 feet

• Soils with less clay in the surface soil and subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Kendall soils on

footslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Middletown

Soil

Parent material: Loess over sandy eolian material

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

rapid or rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Middletown—2e

Prime farmland status: Middletown—prime farmland in

all areas

Hydric soil status: Middletown—not hydric

MW—Miscellaneous water

This map unit consists of bodies of water at

municipal sewage treatment plants and animal waste

treatment facilities.
90 Soil Survey of

Oconee Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Udollic

Endoaqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Oconee silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 560 feet; Madison County, Illinois;

approximately 1,315 feet east and 2,245 feet north of

the southwest corner of sec. 29, T. 5 N., R. 5 W.;

USGS Grantfork, Illinois, topographic quadrangle; lat.

38 degrees 50 minutes 58 seconds N. and long. 89

degrees 41 minutes 17 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak medium

granular structure grading to weak thin platy in the

lower part; very friable; common very fine roots;

few fine rounded black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron

and manganese; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Eg1—8 to 12 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; moderate thick

platy structure; very friable; few very fine roots;

many distinct brown (10YR 5/3) clay depletions in

pores; many distinct very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of peds; few

fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine and medium

irregular very dark gray (5YR 3/1) nodules of iron

and manganese; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Eg2—12 to 16 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few

very fine roots; many distinct brown (10YR 5/3)

clay depletions in pores; many distinct very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on

faces of peds; common fine distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few

fine and medium rounded dark brown (7.5YR 3/2)

nodules of iron and manganese; moderately acid;

clear smooth boundary.

Bt/E—16 to 21 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; strong very fine subangular blocky structure;

firm; few very fine roots; common distinct dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces of

peds and many prominent light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) clay depletions on faces of peds and in

pores; many medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) and few fine faint dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron in the matrix; few

fine and medium rounded dark brown (7.5YR 3/2)

nodules of iron and manganese; strongly acid;

clear irregular boundary.

Bt—21 to 29 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay;

moderate medium prismatic structure parting to

strong fine and medium angular blocky; very firm;

few very fine roots between peds; many prominent

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces

of peds; common medium faint grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) iron depletions and common medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of

iron in the matrix; common fine and medium

rounded black (5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and

manganese; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg1—29 to 38 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm;

few very fine roots between peds; many distinct

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay films on faces

of peds; common medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) and common coarse prominent

brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron in the

matrix; common fine and medium rounded black

(5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and manganese;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—38 to 47 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; few very fine roots; many distinct grayish

brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on faces of peds;

common medium prominent light olive brown

(2.5Y 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and

few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; common fine and

medium irregular black (5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron

and manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) boundaries; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg3—47 to 58 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure;

firm; few fine pores between peds; many

prominent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organo-clay films lining root channels and filling

pores; many distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

clay films on faces of peds; common medium and

coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and

strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the

matrix; common fine and medium irregular black

(5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and manganese with

clear strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) boundaries;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

C1—58 to 65 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam;
Christian County, Illinois 91

massive; friable; few vertical cleavage planes;

common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) organo-clay films on faces of cleavage planes;

many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/8) and common medium prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix;

few fine and medium irregular black (5YR 2.5/1)

nodules of iron and manganese with clear strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) boundaries; slightly acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

C2—65 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; friable; few prominent very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films lining

root channels and filling pores; few fine distinct

(10YR 5/2) iron depletions and few medium

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron

in the matrix; few medium irregular black (10YR

2/1) nodules of iron and manganese; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 42 to

more than 80 inches

Thickness of the loess: More than 55 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3 (4 or 5 dry)

Chroma—mainly, 1 or 2; 3 in some eroded pedons

Texture—silt loam

Eg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 7 (6 to 8 dry)

Chroma—mainly, 1 or 2; in some pedons chroma

of 3 accompanied by redoximorphic features

Texture—silt loam

Bt and/or Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay in the upper

part and silty clay loam or silt loam in the lower

part

BC or CB horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

C or 2C horizon(s), where present:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or

loam

113A—Oconee silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 5)

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Oconee and similar soils: 94 percent

Dissimilar soils: 6 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Darmstadt soils in

landscape positions similar to those of the Oconee

soil

• The poorly drained Cowden soils in depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Oconee Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Oconee—2w

Prime farmland status: Oconee—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Oconee—not hydric
92 Soil Survey of

113B—Oconee silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Summits and shoulders

Map Unit Composition

Oconee and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a thinner surface layer that contains more

clay

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Darmstadt soils in the

less sloping areas

Properties and Qualities of the Oconee Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Oconee—2e

Prime farmland status: Oconee—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Oconee—not hydric

882A—Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville silt

loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Summits

Map Unit Composition

Oconee and similar soils: 35 percent

Darmstadt and similar soils: 30 percent

Coulterville and similar soils: 20 percent

Dissimilar soils: 15 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils that do not have a light colored subsurface

layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

• Soils with a slope of more than 2 percent

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Cowden and Piasa soils in

depressions

Properties and Qualities of the Oconee Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Darmstadt

Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
Christian County, Illinois 93

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: High within a depth of 30 inches

Available water capacity: About 9.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Very High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Coulterville

Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: Moderate within a depth of 30

inches

Available water capacity: About 9.2 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Perched seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 2.0 feet

below the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Oconee and

Coulterville—2w; Darmstadt—3w

Prime farmland status: Oconee, Darmstadt, and

Coulterville—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Oconee, Darmstadt, and

Coulterville—not hydric

802B—Orthents, loamy, undulating

Setting

This map unit is in cut and fill and borrow areas

where the soils have been disturbed. It is mainly

around slurry pits, on coal-mining sites, and in urban

areas. The unit is on ground moraines.

Map Unit Composition

Orthents and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar components: 15 percent

Minor Components

Similar components:

• Soils with cinders, refuse, and other nonsoil material

• Areas used as sanitary landfills

• Soils with a slope of more than 5 percent

Dissimilar components:

• The somewhat poorly drained Ipava soils in

undisturbed areas.

• Areas of urban land

• The well drained Osco soils in undisturbed areas

Properties and Qualities of the Orthents

Parent material: Mine spoil or earthy fill consisting of

loamy material derived from former soil layers and

underlying material

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.9 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 0.5 to

2.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Orthents—2e

Prime farmland status: Orthents—not prime farmland
94 Soil Survey of

Hydric soil status: Orthents—not hydric

Osco Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Osco silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, at an elevation

of 858 feet; Carroll County, Illinois; 316 feet north and

88 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 23, T. 24

N., R. 6 E.; USGS Lanark quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees

03 minutes 13.4 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 45

minutes 48.2 seconds W., NAD 83:

Ap—0 to 10 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt

loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry;

moderate fine granular structure; friable; common

fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—10 to 14 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

moderate medium and coarse granular structure;

friable; common fine roots; strongly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

BA—14 to 20 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4)

and dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam, brown (10YR

5/3) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; few distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2 dry) silt coatings on

faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt1—20 to 26 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; few fine roots; few distinct gray (10YR 6/1

dry) silt coatings and common faint dark brown

(10YR 3/3) organo-clay films on faces of peds;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—26 to 37 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2 dry) silt

coatings and many faint dark yellowish brown

(10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; common

fine faint brown (10YR 5/3) and common medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of

iron and manganese; many prominent very dark

gray (N 3/0) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/2)

manganese concretions; strongly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt3—37 to 45 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4)

silty clay loam; moderate coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many faint

dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on

faces of peds; common fine distinct light brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and few medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of

iron and manganese; strongly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

BC—45 to 55 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and

brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak coarse

angular blocky structure; friable; few fine distinct

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions;

strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

C—55 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and

brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; massive; friable; many

fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron and manganese and common medium

distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions;

moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 18 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to

more than 66 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

86B—Osco silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 2)

Position on landform: Summits and shoulders

Map Unit Composition

Osco and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner, lighter colored surface soil

• Soils with carbonates within a depth of 40 inches
Christian County, Illinois 95

• Soils with a seasonal high water table within a depth

of 4 feet

• Soils with more clay or sand in the lower part of the

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Ipava soils on

toeslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Osco Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Osco—2e

Prime farmland status: Osco—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Osco—not hydric

Pana Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-loamy, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon

Pana silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded, at an

elevation of 710 feet; Shelby County, Illinois; 2,575 feet

north and 200 feet west of the southeast corner of sec.

9 , T. 11 N., R. 2 E.; USGS Tower Hill topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 24 minutes 44 seconds N.

and long. 88 degrees 58 minutes 27 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak fine granular

structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots;

mixed with some subsoil material; 3 percent fine

gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bt1—9 to 15 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few very

fine roots; few distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) clay films on faces of peds and common

distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organo-clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 5

percent fine gravel and 2 percent coarse gravel;

slightly acid, clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—15 to 23 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay

loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots;

common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on

faces of peds; 5 percent fine and medium gravel;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt3—23 to 37 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay

loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure;

friable; few very fine and fine roots; few distinct

brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; 7

percent fine gravel and 2 percent coarse gravel;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt4—37 to 59 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

gravelly clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; few distinct

brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; 15

percent fine gravel and 2 percent coarse gravel;

moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt5—59 to 71 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

gravelly sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; few distinct brown (7.5YR

4/4) clay films on faces of peds; 15 percent fine

gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

C—71 to 80 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) gravelly

sandy loam; massive; very friable; few distinct

brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films in root channels; 15

percent fine gravel; moderately acid

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 16 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 45 to 75

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Bt horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6
96 Soil Survey of

Texture—loam, clay loam, gravelly clay loam,

sandy loam, or gravelly sandy clay loam

Content of rock fragments—2 to 25 percent

C horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—gravelly sandy loam, gravelly loam, or

stratified gravel and sand

Content of rock fragments—15 to 35 percent

Taxadjunct Feature

The Pana soils in this survey area have a dark

surface soil that is thinner than is definitive for the

series. This difference, however, does not significantly

affect the use and management of the soils. The soils

are classified as fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic

Mollic Hapludalfs.

256C2—Pana silt loam, 5 to 10 percent

slopes, eroded

Setting

Landform: Knolls

Position on landform: Summits and backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Pana and similar soils: 95 percent

Dissimilar soils: 5 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

• Soils with more clay and sand in the subsoil

• Soils with a slope of more than 10 percent

• Soils with more clay in the surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Oconee soils on

toeslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Pana Soil

Parent material: Loess over loamy pedisediment

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately rapid

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

rapid or rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 8.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Accelerated erosion: The surface layer has been

thinned by erosion.

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Pana—3e

Prime farmland status: Pana—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Pana—not hydric

Piasa Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Mollic

Natraqualfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Piasa silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of about 630 feet; Montgomery County, Illinois;

approximately 277 feet west and 85 feet south of the

northeast corner of sec. 26, T. 9 N., R. 4 W.; USGS

Hillsboro, Illinois, topographic quadrangle; lat. 39

degrees 12 minutes 8 seconds N. and long. 89

degrees 29 minutes 37 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; common very fine roots; few fine and

medium black (5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and

manganese; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Eg—8 to 12 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate thin and medium

platy structure; friable; few very fine roots; light

gray (10YR 7/1 dry) clay depletions on faces of

peds; few prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic

coatings filling pores; common fine and medium

black (5YR 2.5/1) nodules of iron and manganese;

slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.

Btng—12 to 16 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak very coarse columnar

structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky;

firm; few very fine roots; common distinct gray

(10YR 6/1 dry) clay depletions on the slightly

rounded caps of the columns and on the faces of

the columns; common prominent black (10YR 2/1)

organic coatings lining root channels and filling

pores; many distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay

films on faces of peds; common fine distinct dark
Christian County, Illinois 97

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Btkng1—16 to 20 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y

4/2) silty clay; weak very coarse prismatic

structure parting to moderate medium and coarse

angular blocky; firm; few very fine roots; few

prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic coatings lining

root channels and filling pores; common distinct

dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds;

few fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

and few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine and medium

very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) and black

(10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and manganese

throughout and few medium rounded white (10YR

8/1) concretions of carbonate; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Btkng2—20 to 26 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y

4/2) silty clay; weak very coarse prismatic

structure parting to moderate medium and coarse

angular blocky; firm; few very fine roots; few

prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic coatings lining

root channels and filling pores; common distinct

dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds;

common fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and

few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; few fine and medium

black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and manganese

and common medium and coarse white (10YR

8/1) concretions of carbonate throughout; slightly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Btkng3—26 to 33 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y

4/2) silty clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak and moderate medium

angular blocky; firm; few very fine roots; common

distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of

peds; common medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; common

fine and medium black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron

and manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) boundaries and common medium and coarse

white (10YR 8/1) concretions of carbonate

throughout; slightly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Btkng4—33 to 37 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y

4/2) silty clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky;

friable; few very fine roots; few distinct dark gray

(10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; many

medium and coarse prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

and medium black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and

manganese with clear strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

boundaries and few medium white (10YR 8/1)

concretions of carbonate throughout; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

BCg—37 to 48 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; weak coarse angular blocky structure;

friable; few very fine roots; few faint gray (10YR

5/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds; many

coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and

common fine and medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few fine

black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and manganese

with sharp boundaries throughout; slightly alkaline;

clear smooth boundary.

2Btgb1—48 to 62 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam;

moderate fine and medium prismatic structure

parting to weak medium angular blocky; friable;

few prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic

coatings lining root channels and filling pores and

many distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on

faces of peds; many coarse prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) and reddish brown (5YR 4/4)

masses of iron in the matrix; few medium and

coarse black (10YR 2/1) nodules of iron and

manganese with diffuse strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

boundaries throughout; 1 percent gravel; slightly

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

2Btgb2—62 to 80 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to weak medium angular blocky; firm; few

prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic

coatings lining root channels and filling pores and

common distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films

on faces of peds; many medium and coarse

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and few

fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; about 5 percent

gravel; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to

more than 60 inches

Thickness of the loess: 40 to 72 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2
98 Soil Survey of

Texture—silt loam

Eg horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Btng, Btkng, or Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

BCg, Cg, 2Btgb, or 2Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, or clay

loam

474A—Piasa silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Depressions and ground moraines

Position on landform: Toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Piasa and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar soils: 15 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Herrick soils on

summits

• The poorly drained Cowden soils in landscape

positions similar to those of the Piasa soil

Properties and Qualities of the Piasa Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: High within a depth of 30 inches

Available water capacity: About 7.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: At the surface to 1

foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Piasa—3w

Prime farmland status: Piasa—not prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Piasa—hydric

894A—Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams, 0

to 2 percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Herrick and Biddle—summits;

Piasa—toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Herrick and similar soils: 45 percent

Biddle and similar soils: 35 percent

Piasa and similar soils: 20 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils that do not have a subsurface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 2 feet

Properties and Qualities of the Herrick Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High
Christian County, Illinois 99

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Medium

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Biddle Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow or

moderately slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: Moderate within a depth of 30

inches

Available water capacity: About 11.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Properties and Qualities of the Piasa Soil

Parent material: Loess over silty pedisediment

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches: Very

slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Content of sodium: High within a depth of 30 inches

Available water capacity: About 7.5 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Perched seasonal high water table: At the surface to 1

foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Herrick and Biddle—2w;

Piasa—3w

Prime farmland status: Herrick, Biddle, and Piasa—not

prime farmland

Hydric soil status: Herrick and Biddle—not hydric;

Piasa—hydric

865—Pits, gravel

Setting

This map unit consists of excavations from which

sand and gravel have been or are being removed.

Map Unit Composition

Pits, gravel: 90 percent

Dissimilar components: 10 percent

Minor Components

Dissimilar components:

• Well drained, loamy Orthents

• Stockpiles of sand and gravel

• Areas of machinery

• Areas of water less than 3 acres in size

• Small areas of natural soils

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Pits, gravel—none

assigned

Prime farmland status: Pits, gravel—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Pits, gravel—unranked

864—Pits, quarries

Setting

This map unit consists of an open excavation from

which limestone has been removed.

Map Unit Composition

Pits, quarries: 90 percent

Dissimilar components: 10 percent

Minor Components

Dissimilar components:

• Well drained, loamy Orthents

• Stockpiles of crushed rock

• Areas of machinery

• Areas of water less than 3 acres in size
100 Soil Survey of

• Small areas of natural soils

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Pits, quarries—none

assigned

Prime farmland status: Pits, quarries—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Pits, quarries—unranked

Proctor Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Proctor silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of 705 feet; Peoria County, Illinois; 204 feet north and

2,460 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 3, T. 11

N., R. 6 E.; USGS Princeville topographic quadrangle;

lat. 40 degrees 57 minutes 37 seconds N. and long. 89

degrees 47 minutes 59 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine

granular structure; friable; common very fine roots;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

A—8 to 11 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate

fine granular structure; friable; common very fine

roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—11 to 16 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate very fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots;

common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) organo-clay films on faces of peds;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—16 to 23 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate very fine and fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very

fine roots; many distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay

films on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bt3—23 to 28 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine roots; many

distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of

peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

2Bt4—28 to 33 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; common faint

dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on

faces of peds; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

2Bt5—33 to 46 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6),

stratified loam and sandy loam; weak coarse

subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very

fine roots; common faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay

films on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

2C—46 to 60 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6),

stratified sandy loam and loamy sand; massive;

very friable; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: 20 to 40 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 65

inches

Ap, A, or AB horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt or BA horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

2Bt or 2BC horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, clay loam,

sandy clay loam, loam, or sandy loam

2C horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—sandy loam, loam, silt loam, loamy sand,

or sand

7148A—Proctor silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, rarely flooded

Setting

Landform: Flood-plain steps

Map Unit Composition

Proctor and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with more sand in the upper part of the subsoil

• Soils with a lighter colored surface soil
Christian County, Illinois 101

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Kendall soils in the

slightly lower areas

• The poorly drained Sawmill soils on flood plains

Properties and Qualities of the Proctor Soil

Parent material: Loess or other silty material over

outwash

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: Rare, November-June

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Proctor—1

Prime farmland status: Proctor—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Proctor—not hydric

Radford Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Fluvaquentic Hapludolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Radford silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently

flooded, at an elevation of 567 feet; Cass County,

Illinois; 2,700 feet east and 1,320 feet south of the

northeast corner of sec. 2, T. 17 N., R. 9 W.; USGS

Ashland topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 56

minutes 26 seconds and long. 90 degrees 04 minutes

43 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky structure parting to moderate

fine and medium granular; friable; few very fine

roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

A—7 to 12 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine

roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

C—12 to 33 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

and very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam

with common thin grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and

brown (10YR 5/3) lenses; massive; friable; few

very fine roots; common faint very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings in worm

channels; few fine rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1)

weakly cemented manganese concretions with

diffuse boundaries throughout; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

Ab1—33 to 42 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt

loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure

parting to moderate medium granular; friable; few

very fine roots; few fine rounded black (7.5YR

2.5/1) weakly cemented manganese concretions

with diffuse boundaries lining root channels and

pores; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline;

gradual smooth boundary.

Ab2—42 to 72 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt

loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; few very fine roots; few distinct gray (10YR

6/1 dry) clay depletions on faces of peds; few fine

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented

manganese concretions with diffuse boundaries

lining root channels and pores; few fine prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the

matrix; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Bgb—72 to 80 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt

loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to weak medium subangular blocky;

friable; few very fine roots; common distinct very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings lining root

channels and pores; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to the buried soil: 20 to 40 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam

Ab horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or neutral
102 Soil Survey of

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or

loam

Bgb horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or

loam

3074A—Radford silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Landform: Flood plains (fig. 4)

Map Unit Composition

Radford and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a buried soil at a depth of more than 40

inches

• Soils with a thicker dark surface soil

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Sawmill soils in the lower areas

Properties and Qualities of the Radford Soil

Parent material: Alluvium

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 12.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: Frequent, November-June

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Radford—3w

Prime farmland status: Radford—prime farmland

where protected from flooding or not frequently

flooded during the growing season

Hydric soil status: Radford—not hydric

Ross Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-loamy, mixed,

superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls

Typical Pedon

Ross silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently

flooded, at an elevation of 590 feet; Tazewell County,

Illinois; 1,490 feet west and 232 feet north of the

southeast corner of sec. 28, T. 23 N., R. 3 W.; USGS

Hopedale topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 24

minutes 36 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 26

minutes 27 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine

granular structure; friable; common very fine roots;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

A—8 to 13 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak

fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak

fine granular; friable; common very fine and fine

roots; common faint very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings on faces of peds; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

Bw1—13 to 27 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few

very fine roots; few faint very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings on faces of peds; neutral; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bw2—27 to 34 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam,

brown (10YR 4/3) dry; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine

and coarse roots; common distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) and few faint very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of peds;

neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw3—34 to 43 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; very friable;

few very fine roots; many distinct very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organic coatings on faces of

peds; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

C1—43 to 54 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) sandy loam;

massive; very friable; few very fine and fine roots;

neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

C2—54 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) sandy loam;

massive; very friable; few fine faint grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) iron depletions; 5 percent gravel; neutral.
Christian County, Illinois 103

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 24 to 45

inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 24 to 40 inches

Depth to carbonates: More than 45 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam

Bw horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—sandy loam, loam, silt loam, clay loam,

or silty clay loam

C horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 7.5YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—sandy loam, loam, silt loam, sandy clay

loam, or the gravelly analogs of those textures;

strata containing more sand below a depth of

40 inches in some pedons

3073A—Ross silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Landform: Flood plains (fig. 3)

Map Unit Composition

Ross and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner or lighter colored surface soil

• Soils with more clay in the surface layer

• Soils with more sand throughout

• Soils with a seasonal high water table within a depth

of 4 feet

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Lawson and Tice soils

in the slightly lower areas

• The poorly drained Sawmill soils in the lower areas

Properties and Qualities of the Ross Soil

Parent material: Alluvium

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate or

moderately rapid

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Apparent seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet below

the surface

Flooding: Frequent, November-June

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Low for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Ross—2w

Prime farmland status: Ross—prime farmland where

protected from flooding or not frequently flooded

during the growing season

Hydric soil status: Ross—not hydric

Rozetta Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Rozetta silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an elevation

of 890 feet; Stephenson County, Illinois; 150 feet south

and 500 feet east of the center of sec. 18, T. 27 N., R.

6 E.; USGS Pearl City quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 20

minutes 00 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 51

minutes 19 seconds W., NAD 27:

A—0 to 4 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 6/1) dry; weak medium granular

structure; friable; many fine roots throughout;

moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

E—4 to 11 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt

loam; weak medium platy structure; friable; many

fine roots throughout; strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

BE—11 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm;

many fine roots between peds; few faint brown

(10YR 5/3 dry) clay depletions on faces of peds;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—14 to 21 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium
104 Soil Survey of

subangular blocky structure; firm; many fine roots

between peds; many faint brown (10YR 5/3) clay

films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt2—21 to 39 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silty clay

loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular

blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; many

faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on

faces of peds; common faint pale brown (10YR 6/3

dry) silt coatings on faces of peds; few medium

faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in

the matrix; common medium faint light yellowish

brown (10YR 6/4) and brown (10YR 4/3) masses

of iron in the matrix; strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt3—39 to 50 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; common fine roots; few faint brown

(10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; common

medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions in the matrix; common medium faint

pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of iron in the

matrix; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

C—50 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt

loam; massive; friable; common medium distinct

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletions in

the matrix; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 42 to 72

inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

E horizon, where present:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

279B—Rozetta silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 4)

Position on landform: Summits and shoulders

Map Unit Composition

Rozetta and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker, darker surface soil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 6 feet

• Soils with more sand in the lower part of the subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Keomah soils on

summits

Properties and Qualities of the Rozetta Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 12.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 4 to 6 feet below

the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Moderate

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Rozetta—2e

Prime farmland status: Rozetta—prime farmland in all

areas

Hydric soil status: Rozetta—not hydric

Sable Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
Christian County, Illinois 105

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Sable silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 732 feet; Warren County, Illinois; 1,281 feet

south and 97 feet west of the northeast corner of sec.

14, T. 9 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Kirkwood East topographic

quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 46 minutes 22.4 seconds

N. and long. 90 degrees 41 minutes 33.7 seconds W.,

NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine and

medium granular structure; firm; moderately acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

A—8 to 19 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate very fine

angular blocky structure; firm; few fine rounded

dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) concretions of iron

and manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

AB—19 to 23 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

moderate fine angular blocky structure; firm; few

faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic

coatings on faces of peds; few fine rounded dark

reddish brown (5YR 3/2) concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg—23 to 29 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay

loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; common faint very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings on faces of peds;

common fine and medium rounded dark reddish

brown (5YR 3/2) concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; common medium distinct

brown (10YR 5/3) masses of iron in the matrix; few

medium faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron

depletions in the matrix; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg1—29 to 38 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium and coarse

subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct dark

gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds; many

fine and medium rounded dark reddish brown

(5YR 3/2) concretions of iron and manganese

throughout; many medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix;

neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Btg2—38 to 47 inches; gray (N 5/0) silt loam; weak

medium prismatic structure parting to weak

medium and coarse angular blocky; firm; few

distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay films on

faces of peds; common fine rounded dark reddish

brown (5YR 3/2) concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; many medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the

matrix; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Cg—47 to 60 inches; gray (N 5/0) silt loam; massive;

friable; many medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 12 to 24 inches

Depth to free carbonates: More than 40 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 60

inches

Ap, A, AB, or BA horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Btg, Bg, BC, or BCg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

68A—Sable silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 2)

Position on landform: Toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Sable and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with free carbonates within a depth of 40 inches

• Soils with a dark surface soil more than 24 inches

thick

• Soils with more clay in the subsoil

• Soils with more sand in the lower part of the subsoil

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Osco soils on summits and

shoulders
106 Soil Survey of

• The moderately well drained Buckhart soils on

summits and backslopes

Properties and Qualities of the Sable Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.9 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 5.0 to

6.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Sable—2w

Prime farmland status: Sable—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Sable—hydric

Sawmill Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Cumulic Endoaquolls

Typical Pedon

Sawmill silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded, at an elevation of 535 feet;

Sangamon County, Illinois; 300 feet south and 750 feet

east of the northwest corner of sec. 20, T. 15 N., R. 4

W.; USGS New City topographic quadrangle; lat. 39

degrees 44 minutes 34 seconds N. and long. 89

degrees 34 minutes 15 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 10 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay

loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few

subrounded pebbles 1 to 3 millimeters in diameter;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

A1—10 to 17 inches; black (10YR 2/1) and very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few

subrounded pebbles 1 to 3 millimeters in diameter;

few fine rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly

cemented concretions of iron and manganese with

diffuse boundaries lining root channels and pores;

few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

A2—17 to 25 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine and

medium angular blocky structure; firm; few fine

roots; few fine rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly

cemented concretions of iron and manganese with

diffuse boundaries lining root channels and pores;

few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

AB—25 to 32 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak medium

prismatic structure parting to moderate fine

subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots; few fine

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented

concretions of iron and manganese with diffuse

boundaries lining root channels and pores; few

fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg—32 to 40 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate fine and medium angular blocky; firm;

common faint very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic

coatings on faces of peds; few fine roots; few fine

rounded black (7.5YR 2.5/1) weakly cemented

concretions of iron and manganese with diffuse

boundaries lining root channels and pores; few

fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses

of iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg1—40 to 49 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to weak medium angular blocky; firm;

common distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films

on faces of peds; few fine rounded black (7.5YR

2.5/1) weakly cemented concretions of iron and

manganese with diffuse boundaries lining root

channels and pores; few fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common fine distinct

yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron in the

matrix; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—49 to 58 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure;

firm; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films
Christian County, Illinois 107

on faces of peds; few fine rounded black (7.5YR

2.5/1) weakly cemented concretions of iron and

manganese with diffuse boundaries lining pores;

few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; slightly alkaline; clear

smooth boundary.

Cg—58 to 65 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty

clay loam; massive; firm; very dark gray (10YR

3/1) channel linings and fillings; many medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of

iron lining pores; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 24 to 36 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 36 to 60

inches

Ap, A, or AB horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Bg or Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam

Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, or

loam

3107A—Sawmill silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Landform: Flood plains (fig. 3)

Map Unit Composition

Sawmill and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thinner dark surface soil

• Soils with more sand in the lower part of the subsoil

• Soils with more clay in the subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Ross soils in the slightly higher

areas

Properties and Qualities of the Sawmill Soil

Parent material: Alluvium

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.7 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 4.5 to

7.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Flooding: Frequent, November-June

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Sawmill—3w

Prime farmland status: Sawmill—prime farmland

where drained and either protected from flooding

or not frequently flooded during the growing

season

Hydric soil status: Sawmill—hydric

Senachwine Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active,

mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Senachwine silt loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes,

eroded, at an elevation of 856 feet; Bureau County,

Illinois; 1,040 feet west and 1,345 feet south of the

northeast corner of sec. 21, T. 15 N., R. 8 E.; USGS

Wyanet topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 16

minutes 25 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 34

minutes 18 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 6 inches; mixed dark brown (10YR 4/3) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam, pale brown

(10YR 6/3) dry; moderate fine granular structure;

friable; common fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Bt1—6 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty

clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots; common faint dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of

peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
108 Soil Survey of

2Bt2—15 to 28 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure;

firm; few fine roots; many faint brown (7.5YR 4/4)

clay films on faces of peds; few fine rounded black

(N 2.5/0) weakly cemented concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

2BCt—28 to 34 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam; weak

coarse prismatic structure; firm; few fine roots;

common faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on

faces of peds; 5 percent gravel; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

2C—34 to 60 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam;

massive; firm; 5 percent gravel; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the loess: Less than 18 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 24 to 40

inches

Depth to carbonates: 20 to 40 inches

Ap and A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—loam or silt loam

Bt or 2Bt horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or clay loam

C or 2C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—clay loam or loam

618G—Senachwine loam, 35 to 60 percent

slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines

Position on landform: Backslopes

Map Unit Composition

Senachwine and similar soils: 92 percent

Dissimilar soils: 8 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a slope of less than 35 percent

Dissimilar soils:

• The somewhat poorly drained Radford soils on flood

plains

Properties and Qualities of the Senachwine

Soil

Parent material: Till

Drainage class: Well drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 9.3 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 1.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: At a depth of more than 6

feet

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: Moderate

Corrosivity: Moderate for steel and concrete

Surface runoff class: High

Susceptibility to water erosion: High

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Senachwine—7e

Prime farmland status: Senachwine—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Senachwine—not hydric

Shiloh Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic

Cumulic Vertic Endoaquolls

Typical Pedon

Shiloh silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 595 feet; Christian County, Illinois; 2,600

feet east and 132 feet south of the northwest corner of

sec. 34, T. 16 N., R. 1 W.; USGS Niantic topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 48 minutes 0 seconds N.

and long. 89 degrees 11 minutes 18 seconds W., NAD

83:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; firm; few very fine roots; few fine

rounded black (7.5YR 2/1) concretions of iron and

manganese; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

A—7 to 15 inches; black (N 2.5/0) silty clay loam, very
Christian County, Illinois 109

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate very fine

subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine

roots; few fine rounded black (7.5YR 2/1)

concretions of iron and manganese; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

BA—15 to 27 inches; black (N 2.5/0) silty clay, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate very fine

angular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots;

few fine rounded black (7.5YR 2/1) concretions of

iron and manganese; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg1—27 to 32 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm;

few very fine roots; many prominent very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) pressure faces on peds; few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of

iron and manganese in the matrix; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

Bg2—32 to 39 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; many distinct

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) pressure faces on

peds; few prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings lining pores; few fine rounded

black (7.5YR 2/1) concretions of iron and

manganese; many fine prominent yellow brown

(10YR 5/6) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bg3—39 to 52 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few fine roots; few prominent

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings lining

pores; few fine rounded black (10YR 2/1)

concretions of iron and manganese; many

medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron and manganese throughout;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

BCg—52 to 60 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silt loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

few very fine roots; few prominent very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings lining pores; many

medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron and manganese throughout;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Cg—60 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam;

massive; friable; many medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; very slightly effervescent;

slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 70

inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 24 to 48 inches

Depth to carbonates: More than 39 inches

Profile feature: An AB horizon in some pedons

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

Bg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay or silty clay loam

Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, or silty clay

138A—Shiloh silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Depressions

Map Unit Composition

Shiloh and similar soils: 100 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils in which the upper part of the subsoil is lighter

in color

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils in which the underlying material is stratified

and contains more sand

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Properties and Qualities of the Shiloh Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 10.4 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 4.0 to

6.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface
110 Soil Survey of

Ponding: At the surface to 1 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Shiloh—2w

Prime farmland status: Shiloh—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Shiloh—hydric

Spaulding Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Typic Calciaquolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Spaulding silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of about 612 feet; Sangamon County, Illinois;

about 2 miles east of Buffalo Hart; 2,410 feet east and

1,300 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 22, T.

17 N., R. 3 W.; USGS Cornland topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 54 minutes 52 seconds N.

and long. 89 degrees 24 minutes 54 seconds W., NAD

27:

Apk—0 to 9 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak and

moderate fine granular structure; friable; many fine

roots throughout; few snail shells; violently

effervescent; 15 percent calcium carbonate

equivalent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Ak1—9 to 18 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate very fine and

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine

roots throughout; few snail shells; violently

effervescent; 22 percent calcium carbonate

equivalent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Ak2—18 to 22 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate very fine

and fine subangular blocky structure; firm;

common fine roots throughout; few fine prominent

light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron along

micropores; few snail shells; violently effervescent;

22 percent calcium carbonate equivalent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Btkg1—22 to 26 inches; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) silty clay

loam; moderate very fine and fine subangular

blocky structure; firm; common fine roots

throughout; common distinct very dark gray (10YR

3/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds; common

distinct black (10YR 2/1) organic coatings in root

channels and/or pores; few fine prominent light

olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron along

micropores; few fine nodules of carbonate;

strongly effervescent; 12 percent calcium

carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline; clear

smooth boundary.

Btkg2—26 to 32 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; common fine roots

throughout; few distinct gray (5Y 5/1) clay films on

faces of peds; common fine rounded prominent

black (10YR 2/1) masses of manganese in the

matrix; common medium prominent light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; common medium and

coarse nodules of carbonate; strongly

effervescent; 12 percent calcium carbonate

equivalent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Btkg3—32 to 38 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam;

moderate fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few distinct gray (5Y 5/1) clay films

on faces of peds; very few distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels

and/or pores; many fine prominent light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/6) and few fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few

fine nodules of carbonate; strongly effervescent;

16 percent calcium carbonate equivalent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

BCkg—38 to 44 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silty clay loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm;

few distinct gray (5Y 5/1) clay films in root

channels and/or pores; few distinct very dark gray

(10YR 3/1) organic coatings in root channels

and/or pores; many fine prominent light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/6) and few fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron in the matrix; few

fine nodules of carbonate; strongly effervescent;

16 percent calcium carbonate equivalent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Cg—44 to 80 inches; gray (5Y 6/1) silt loam; massive;

friable; many medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron in the matrix; strongly

effervescent; 19 percent calcium carbonate

equivalent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches
Christian County, Illinois 111

Depth to carbonates: 0 to 16 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 22 to 60

inches

Profile feature: A BCg horizon in some pedons

Apk or Ak horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam

Bkg or Btkg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Cg horizon(s):

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—silt loam

712A—Spaulding silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Depressions

Map Unit Composition

Spaulding and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with no carbonates in the surface layer

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Sable soils in landscape

positions similar to those of the Spaulding soil

Properties and Qualities of the Spaulding Soil

Parent material: Calcareous loess

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 12.8 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 4.0 to

6.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Spaulding—2w

Prime farmland status: Spaulding—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Spaulding—hydric

Tice Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Fluvaquentic Hapludolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Tice silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded; at an elevation of about 465 feet;

Adams County, Illinois; 1,670 feet north and 990 feet

west of the southeast corner of sec. 22, T. 2 S., R. 9

W.; USGS Quincy West topographic quadrangle, lat.

39 degrees 52 minutes 56 seconds N. and long. 91

degrees 25 minutes 7 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silty clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to

weak medium granular; firm; common very fine

roots throughout; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

A—9 to 14 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

silty clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm;

few very fine roots throughout; few fine faint brown

(10YR 4/3) masses of iron in the matrix; neutral;

clear smooth boundary.

BA—14 to 19 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak fine prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; few very fine roots throughout; common

distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organic coatings on faces of peds; common fine

faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) masses of iron in the

matrix; few fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions in the matrix; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bw—19 to 35 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few

very fine roots throughout; common distinct very
112 Soil Survey of

dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organo-clay films

on faces of peds; many medium prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron in the matrix;

few fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions in the matrix; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bg1—35 to 44 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium subangular blocky;

firm; few very fine roots throughout; common

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic

coatings on faces of peds; many medium

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of

iron in the matrix; moderately acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

Bg2—44 to 61 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure;

firm; common distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings on faces of peds; common

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bg3—61 to 80 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure;

firm; common distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings on faces of peds; common

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

masses of iron in the matrix; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 30 to

more than 80 inches

Profile feature: An AB horizon in some pedons

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Bw or Bg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

BC or BCg horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—mainly, silty clay loam or silt loam; strata

of loam, clay loam, or sandy loam in some

pedons

Cg or C horizon(s), where present:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, loam, sandy

loam, or silt loam

3284A—Tice silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, frequently flooded

Setting

Landform: Flood plains (fig. 3)

Map Unit Composition

Tice and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with a thicker surface soil

• Soils with more sand in the lower part of the

subsoil

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Sawmill soils in the lower

areas

• The well drained Ross soils in the slightly higher

areas

Properties and Qualities of the Tice Soil

Parent material: Alluvium

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.6 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

4.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: 1 to 2 feet below

the surface

Flooding: Frequent, November-June

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and low for concrete

Surface runoff class: Low

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Tice—3w
Christian County, Illinois 113

Prime farmland status: Tice—prime farmland where

protected from flooding or not frequently flooded

during the growing season

Hydric soil status: Tice—not hydric

533—Urban land

Setting

This map unit consists of areas covered by parking

lots, streets, buildings, and other structures.

Map Unit Composition

Urban land: 85 percent

Dissimilar components: 15 percent

Minor Components

Dissimilar components:

• Well drained, loamy Orthents in open areas

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Urban land—none

assigned

Prime farmland status: Urban land—not prime

farmland

Hydric soil status: Urban land—unranked

Vesser Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine-silty, mixed,

superactive, mesic Argiaquic Argialbolls

Typical Pedon

Vesser silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded, at an elevation of 480 feet; Adams County,

Illinois; 360 feet west and 220 feet south of the

northeast corner of sec. 4, T. 1 N., R. 9 W.; USGS

Long Island topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 6

minutes 37 seconds N. and long. 91 degrees 26

minutes 15 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—8 to 14 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak medium granular; friable;

common fine prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4)

masses of iron throughout; neutral; gradual

smooth boundary.

Eg1—14 to 20 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 6/1) dry; weak medium platy structure

parting to weak very fine subangular blocky;

friable; very few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings on faces of peds; common

medium faint gray (10YR 5/1) clay depletions

between peds and common fine prominent dark

brown (7.5YR 3/4) masses of iron throughout;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Eg2—20 to 26 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 6/1) dry; weak thick platy structure

parting to weak very fine subangular blocky;

friable; very few distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coatings on faces of peds; common

medium faint gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions

between peds and common fine prominent brown

(7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron throughout; slightly

acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg1—26 to 34 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak medium prismatic structure; friable; very few

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay

films on faces of peds and few distinct gray (10YR

6/1) silt coatings in root channels and/or pores;

common medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR

3/4) masses of iron throughout; moderately acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

Btg2—34 to 48 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak medium prismatic structure; firm; very few

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay

films on faces of peds and very few distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt coatings in root

channels and/or pores; common medium

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) masses of iron

throughout; moderately acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

Btg3—48 to 58 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak medium prismatic structure; firm; few distinct

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt coatings in root

channels and/or pores and very few distinct very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organo-clay films on faces of

peds; common medium prominent dark brown

(7.5YR 3/4) masses of iron throughout; slightly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

BCg—58 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure; firm; very few

distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of

peds and very few distinct light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) silt coatings in root channels and/or

pores; common medium prominent dark brown

(7.5YR 3/4) masses of iron throughout; slightly

acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: More than

60 inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR
114 Soil Survey of

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

E or Eg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam

8396A—Vesser silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Setting

Landform: Flood plains

Map Unit Composition

Vesser and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with more clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a dark surface soil that is more than 24

inches thick

• Soils with a lighter colored surface layer

• Soils that have more clay in the surface layer and

have a darker subsurface layer

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Camden and Proctor soils in the

slightly higher areas

Properties and Qualities of the Vesser Soil

Parent material: Alluvium

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderate

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderate

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.9 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 2.0 to

3.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Flooding: Occasional, November-June

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Vesser—2w

Prime farmland status: Vesser—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Vesser—hydric

Virden Series

Taxonomic classification: Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic

Argiaquolls

Typical Pedon (OSD)

Virden silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, at an

elevation of 699 feet; Adams County, Illinois; 140 feet

west and 54 feet north of the southeast corner of sec.

3, T. 2 N., R. 6 W.; USGS Bowen topographic

quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 10 minutes 52 seconds N.

and long. 91 degrees 4 minutes 5 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate medium

granular structure; firm; slightly alkaline; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—8 to 16 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; firm; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg1—16 to 23 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; strong fine

angular blocky structure; firm; few faint black

(10YR 2/1) organo-clay films on faces of peds; few

fine faint black (10YR 2/1) concretions of iron and

manganese throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg2—23 to 34 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium angular blocky; firm; few distinct

dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on faces of peds;

many medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR

6/6) masses of iron and few fine prominent black

(10YR 2/1) masses of iron and manganese

throughout; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg3—34 to 42 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

weak and moderate coarse prismatic structure

parting to moderate coarse angular blocky; firm;

few distinct dark gray (5Y 4/1) clay films on faces
Christian County, Illinois 115

of peds; common medium prominent light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron and few fine

prominent black (10YR 2/1) masses of iron and

manganese throughout; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg4—42 to 49 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to

weak coarse angular blocky; firm; very few distinct

dark gray (N 4/0) clay films on faces of peds;

many medium prominent olive brown (2.5Y 4/4)

masses of iron throughout; neutral; gradual

smooth boundary.

Cg—49 to 60 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

massive; firm; common medium prominent olive

brown (2.5Y 4/4) masses of iron throughout;

neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Depth to carbonates (where present): More than 50

inches

Depth to the base of the diagnostic horizon: 40 to 60

inches

Ap or A horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Btg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—2 to 6

Chroma—0 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or silt loam

Cg horizon(s):

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 4

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

50A—Virden silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Setting

Landform: Ground moraines (fig. 5)

Position on landform: Toeslopes

Map Unit Composition

Virden and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar soils: 10 percent

Minor Components

Similar soils:

• Soils with less clay in the surface layer

• Soils with less clay in the subsoil

• Soils with a dark surface soil more than 24 inches

thick

• Soils with a seasonal high water table at a depth of

more than 1 foot

Dissimilar soils:

• The moderately well drained Buckhart and Harrison

soils on summits and backslopes

• The poorly drained Piasa soils in landscape

positions similar to those of the Virden soil

Properties and Qualities of the Virden Soil

Parent material: Loess

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Slowest permeability within a depth of 40 inches:

Moderately slow

Permeability below a depth of 60 inches: Moderately

slow

Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches

Available water capacity: About 11.1 inches to a depth

of 60 inches

Content of organic matter in the surface layer: 3.0 to

6.0 percent

Shrink-swell potential: High

Apparent seasonal high water table: At the surface to

1 foot below the surface

Ponding: At the surface to 0.5 foot above the surface

Flooding: None

Potential for frost action: High

Corrosivity: High for steel and moderate for concrete

Surface runoff class: Negligible

Susceptibility to water erosion: Low

Susceptibility to wind erosion: Very low

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Virden—2w

Prime farmland status: Virden—prime farmland in

drained areas

Hydric soil status: Virden—hydric

W—Water

This map unit consists of natural bodies of water,

such as ponds, lakes, and rivers.

117

This soil survey is an inventory and evaluation of

the soils in the survey area. It can be used to adjust

land uses to the limitations and potentials of natural

resources and the environment. Also, it can help to

prevent soil-related failures in land uses.

In preparing a soil survey, soil scientists,

conservationists, engineers, and others collect

extensive field data about the nature and behavioral

characteristics of the soils. They collect data on

erosion, droughtiness, flooding, and other factors that

affect various soil uses and management. Field

experience and collected data on soil properties and

performance are used as a basis in predicting soil

behavior.

Information in this section can be used to plan the

use and management of soils for crops and pasture;

as forestland; as sites for buildings, sanitary facilities,

highways and other transportation systems, and parks

and other recreational facilities; for agricultural waste

management; and as wildlife habitat. It can be used to

identify the potentials and limitations of each soil for

specific land uses and to help prevent construction

failures caused by unfavorable soil properties.

Planners and others using soil survey information

can evaluate the effect of specific land uses on

productivity and on the environment in all or part of the

survey area. The survey can help planners to maintain

or create a land use pattern in harmony with the

natural soil.

Contractors can use this survey to locate sources

of sand and gravel, roadfill, and topsoil. They can use

it to identify areas where bedrock, wetness, or very

firm soil layers can cause difficulty in excavation.

Health officials, highway officials, engineers, and

others may also find this survey useful. The survey

can help them plan the safe disposal of wastes and

locate sites for pavements, sidewalks, campgrounds,

playgrounds, lawns, and trees and shrubs.

Interpretive Ratings

The interpretive tables in this survey rate the soils in

the survey area for various uses. Many of the tables

identify the limitations that affect specified uses and

indicate the severity of those limitations. The ratings in

these tables are both verbal and numerical.

Rating Class Terms

Rating classes are expressed in the tables in terms

that indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by

all of the soil features that affect a specified use or in

terms that indicate the suitability of the soils for the

use. Thus, the tables may show limitation classes or

suitability classes. Terms for the limitation classes are

not limited, somewhat limited, and very limited. The

suitability ratings are expressed as well suited,

moderately suited, poorly suited, and unsuited or as

good, fair, and poor.

Numerical Ratings

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the relative

severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown

as decimal fractions ranging from 0.00 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation. The limitations appear in order from the

most limiting to the least limiting. Thus, if more than

one limitation is identified, the most severe limitation is

listed first and the least severe one is listed last.

Crops and Pasture

General management needed for crops and pasture

is suggested in this section. The estimated yields of

the main crops and pasture plants are listed, the

system of land capability classification used by the

Natural Resources Conservation Service is explained,

and prime farmland is described.

Planners of management systems for individual

fields or farms should consider the detailed

information given in the description of each soil under

the heading “Soil Series and Detailed Soil Map Units.”

Specific information can be obtained from the local

office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service

or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Use and Management of the Soils
118 Soil Survey of

A total of 366,457 acres in Christian County is

cropland (USDA, 1997). The major row crops are corn

and soybeans. The major small grain crop is wheat.

The soils in Christian County have good potential

for continued crop production, especially if the latest

crop-production technology is applied. This soil survey

can be used as a guide in applying this technology.

Management Considerations on Cropland

The management concerns affecting the use of the

soils in Christian County for crops and pasture are

shown in the table 6. The main concerns in managing

cropland are crusting, flooding, ponding, poor tilth,

water erosion, and wetness. Excess lime, excess

sodium, excessive permeability, and high pH are

additional management concerns.

Crusting occurs when flowing water or raindrops

break down soil structural units, moving clay

downward and leaving a concentration of sand grains

and silt particles on the surface. Crusts can reduce the

rate of water infiltration, increase the runoff rate, and

restrict seedling emergence and oxygen diffusion to

seedlings.

Crusting can be minimized by increasing soil

aggregate stability through the addition of organic

matter to the surface and by maintaining a cover of

plants or crop residue, which reduces the impact of

raindrops.

Flooding occurs in unprotected areas along the

major rivers and their tributaries. Levees or diversions

reduce the extent of the crop damage caused by

floodwater. Surface drainage ditches help to remove

floodwater where suitable outlets are available.

Management of drainage systems in conformance

with regulations influencing wetlands may require

special permits and extra planning. Selecting crop

varieties that are adapted to shorter growing seasons

and wetter conditions reduces the extent of flood

damage.

Ponding occurs on soils when the seasonal high

water table is above the surface. Land grading helps to

control ponding. Surface ditches and surface inlet tile

also can help to remove the excess water if suitable

outlets are available. Management of drainage in

conformance with regulations influencing wetlands

may require special permits and extra planning.

Poor tilth can occur in soils when part of the subsoil

is incorporated into the plow layer because of erosion.

Incorporation of subsoil material decreases the

amount of organic matter and increases the content of

clay in the surface soil. Intensive rainfall often causes

surface crusting. Poor tilth also occurs in poorly

drained soils with a high content of clay, regardless of

the content of organic matter, and in soils that have

been excessively tilled.

Poor tilth decreases the rate of water infiltration and

increases the runoff rate and the susceptibility to

erosion on the more sloping soils. Soils with poor tilth

generally have a surface layer that is sticky when wet

and hard and cloddy when dry. They can be tilled only

within a narrow range of moisture content. As a result,

seedbed preparation is difficult.

Returning crop residue to the soil, regularly adding

other organic material, minimizing tillage, and applying

conservation tillage systems during periods of near

optimal soil moisture conditions improve tilth.

Water erosion can occur when the surface soil is

not protected against the impact of raindrops, which

can reduce the stability of soil aggregates. This

reduced stability decreases the rate of water infiltration

and increases the surface runoff rate. Soils with long

or steep slopes are more susceptible to water erosion

than other soils.

Erosion, primarily sheet and rill erosion, removes

the surface soil, which commonly has more biological

activity and organic matter than any other part of the

soil. Soil productivity decreases as the content of

organic matter and level of natural fertility are lowered.

Poor tilth and crusting occur as the subsoil, which is

generally higher in content of clay than the surface

soil, is incorporated through tillage into the plow layer.

Excessive runoff decreases the quality of surface

water through sedimentation and contamination by

pesticides.

Erosion can be controlled by a conservation tillage

system that leaves crop residue on the surface after

planting or by a cropping system that includes grasses

and legumes in the cropping sequence. Contour

farming and/or terraces in combination with a

conservation tillage system can help to control erosion

on soils with long, uniform slopes.

Wetness occurs in soils when the seasonal high

water table is at or near the surface. Subsurface tile

drains can lower the seasonal high water table if

suitable outlets are available. In soils with a high

content of clay and restricted permeability, a

subsurface drainage system may not be practical. In

these soils surface ditches can reduce the wetness.

Management of drainage in conformance with

regulations influencing wetlands may require special

permits and extra planning.

Excess lime occurs in soils that contain a high

content of calcium carbonate at or near the surface.

The lime affects the availability of many plant nutrients

and influences the effectiveness of herbicides.

Frequent applications of a small amount of fertilizer

are needed to correct nutrient imbalances. Crops may
Christian County, Illinois 119

respond well to additions of phosphate fertilizer on

these soils. Applications of herbicide should be

adjusted as the level of alkalinity increases.

Incorporating green manure crops, manure, or crop

residue into the soil, applying a system of

conservation tillage, and using conservation cropping

systems also help to overcome this limitation.

Excess sodium occurs in soils that have a high

content of sodium in the subsoil. The sodium

flocculates soil structure. The high sodium

concentration and poor physical makeup of these soils

restrict the penetration of plant roots, limit the

availability of water, and thus cause moisture stress

late in the growing season. These soils also have

excess moisture during wet periods. The condition of

these soils limits the availability and uptake of some

plant nutrients. The soils tend to have low porosity and

low infiltration rates. Applying a conservation tillage

system that leaves crop residue on the surface after

planting and regularly adding other organic material

improve fertility and increase the rate of water

infiltration.

Excessive permeability can occur in soils that have

a high content of sand and many of the larger

diameter pores. The capacity of the soils to retain

moisture for plant use is limited. Deep leaching of

nutrients and pesticides is possible. It increases the

risk of ground-water pollution.

Irrigation can supply the moisture needed for crops.

Frequent applications of a small amount of fertilizer

are needed. One application of a large amount can

result in excessive loss of plant nutrients through

leaching.

High pH, or a pH of more than 7.9, affects the

availability of many plant nutrients and influences the

effectiveness of herbicides. Frequent applications of a

small amount of fertilizer are needed to correct

nutrient imbalances. Crops may respond well to

additions of phosphate fertilizer on the soils with a high

pH. Applications of herbicide should be adjusted as

the level of alkalinity increases. Incorporating green

manure crops, manure, or crop residue into the soil,

applying a system of conservation tillage, and using

conservation cropping systems help to overcome this

limitation.

Explanation of Criteria

Crusting.—In the surface layer, the average content

of organic matter is 2.5 percent or less and the content

of clay is between 20 and 35 percent.

Excess lime.—The upper limit of the calcium

carbonate equivalent is 15 percent or more within a

depth of 40 inches.

Excess sodium.—The sodium adsorption ratio is

more than 12 within a depth of 30 inches.

Excessive permeability.—The lower limit of the

permeability rate is 6.0 or more inches per hour within

the soil profile.

Flooding.—The soil is occasionally flooded or

frequently flooded.

High pH.—The pH is more than 7.9 within a depth

of 40 inches.

Ponding.—The seasonal high water table is above

the surface.

Poor tilth.—The content of clay in the surface layer

is 27 percent or more.

Water erosion.—The Kw factor multiplied by the

slope is more than 0.8, and the slope is 3 percent or

more.

Wetness.—The water table is within a depth of 1.5

feet at some time during the growing season in normal

years.

Management Considerations on Pasture

The management concerns affecting the use of the

soils in the county for pasture are shown in the table 6.

The main management concerns are low pH, water

erosion, and wetness. Additional management

concerns are an equipment limitation, excess sodium,

flooding, frost heave, high pH, low fertility, ponding,

and poor tilth.

Low pH, or a pH of 5.5 or less, can decrease the

solubility and availability of plant nutrients. Selecting

adapted forage and hay varieties and applying lime

according to the results of soil tests help to overcome

this limitation.

Water erosion can occur in overgrazed areas or

during periods of pasture establishment and

renovation when the surface soil is not protected

against the impact of raindrops, which can cause poor

tilth. Deterioration of tilth decreases the rate of water

infiltration and increases the surface runoff rate. Soils

with long or steep slopes are more susceptible to

water erosion than other soils.

Erosion can be controlled by deferred grazing,

which helps to prevent overgrazing and thus also

helps to prevent surface compaction and excessive

runoff and erosion. Tilling on the contour, using a no-till

system of seeding when a seedbed is prepared or the

pasture is renovated, and selecting adapted forage

and hay varieties also help to control erosion.

Wetness occurs in soils when the seasonal high

water table is at or near the surface. Subsurface tile

drains can help to lower the seasonal high water table

if suitable outlets are available. Management of
120 Soil Survey of

drainage in conformance with regulations may require

special permits and extra planning. Selecting forage

and hay varieties adapted to wet conditions improves

forage production. Restricted use during wet periods

helps to keep the pasture in good condition.

An equipment limitation occurs on soils with slopes

of more than 18 percent. This limitation can cause

rapid wear of equipment. It can also hinder fertilization,

harvest, pasture renovation, and seedbed preparation.

It cannot be easily overcome.

Excess sodium occurs in soils that have a high

content of sodium in the subsoil. The sodium

flocculates soil structure. The high sodium

concentration and poor physical makeup of these soils

restrict the penetration of plant roots, limit the

availability of water, and thus cause moisture stress

late in the growing season. These soils also have

excess moisture during wet periods. The condition of

these soils limits the availability and uptake of some

plant nutrients. The soils tend to have low porosity and

low infiltration rates. Selecting forage and hay varieties

adapted to the high sodium content can improve

forage production.

Flooding occurs in unprotected areas along the

major rivers and their tributaries. Surface drainage

ditches help to remove floodwater where suitable

outlets are available. Management of drainage in

conformance with regulations may require special

permits and extra planning. Selecting forage and hay

varieties adapted to shorter growing seasons and

wetter conditions reduces the extent of flood damage.

Restricted use during wet periods helps to keep the

pasture in good condition.

Frost heave occurs when ice lenses or bands that

drive an ice wedge between two layers develop near

the surface layer of a soil. The ice wedges heave the

overlying soil layer upward, snapping the roots. Soils

with a low content of sand have small pores that hold

water and enable ice lenses to form. Selecting

adapted forage and hay varieties helps to reduce the

effects of frost heave. Timely deferment of grazing

helps to maintain a protective cover that insulates the

soil, thereby reducing the effects of frost heave.

High pH, or a pH of more than 7.9, affects the

availability of many plant nutrients. Frequent applications

of a small amount of fertilizer are needed to correct

nutrient imbalances. Selecting adapted forage and hay

varieties helps to overcome this limitation.

Low fertility occurs in soils with a low content of

organic matter and a low cation-exchange capacity.

The capacity of the soil to retain nutrients for plant use

is limited. Frequent applications of small amounts of

fertilizer help to prevent excessive loss of plant

nutrients through leaching. When used as part of a

seeding mixture, legumes can provide nitrogen to the

grass varieties. Timely deferment of grazing helps to

maintain the surface cover and the content of organic

matter, a source of nutrients in the soil.

Ponding occurs on soils when the seasonal high

water table is above the surface. Land grading helps to

control ponding. Surface ditches and surface inlet tile

also can help to remove the excess water if suitable

outlets are available. Management of drainage in

conformance with regulations may require special

permits and extra planning. Selecting forage and hay

varieties adapted to wet conditions improves forage

production. Restricted use during wet periods helps to

keep the pasture in good condition.

Poor tilth can occur in soils when part of the subsoil

is incorporated into the plow layer because of erosion.

Incorporation of subsoil material decreases the

amount of organic matter and increases the content of

clay in the surface soil. Intensive rainfall often causes

surface crusting. Poor tilth also occurs in poorly

drained soils with a high content of clay, regardless of

the content of organic matter, and in soils that have

been excessively tilled.

Poor tilth decreases the rate of water infiltration and

increases the runoff rate and the susceptibility to

erosion on the more sloping soils. Soils with poor tilth

generally have a surface layer that is sticky when wet

and hard and cloddy when dry. They can be tilled only

within a narrow range of moisture content. As a result,

seedbed preparation is difficult.

When pastures are established or renovated,

minimizing tillage and applying conservation tillage

operations during periods when soil moisture

conditions are optimal or nearly optimal can improve

tilth.

Explanation of Criteria

Equipment limitation.—The slope is more than 18

percent.

Excess sodium.—The sodium adsorption ratio is

more than 12 within a depth of 30 inches.

Flooding.—The soil is occasionally flooded or

frequently flooded.

Frost heave.—The potential for frost action is

moderate or high, and the soil is poorly drained or very

poorly drained.

High pH.—The pH is more than 7.9 within a depth

of 40 inches.

Low fertility.—The average content of organic

matter in the surface layer is less than 1 percent, or

the cation-exchange capacity, expressed in terms of

milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil, is 7 or less.

Low pH.—The pH is 5.5 or less within a depth of 40

inches.
Christian County, Illinois 121

Ponding.—The seasonal high water table is above

the surface.

Poor tilth.—The content of clay in the surface layer

is 27 percent or more.

Water erosion.—The Kw factor multiplied by the

slope is more than 1.0, and the slope is 3 percent or

more.

Wetness.— The seasonal high water table is within

a depth of 1.5 feet.

Yields per Acre

The average yields per acre that can be expected

of the principal crops under a high level of

management are shown in table 7. In any given year,

yields may be higher or lower than those indicated in

the table because of variations in rainfall and other

climatic factors. The land capability classification of

map units in the survey area also is shown in the

table.

The yields are based mainly on the experience and

records of farmers, conservationists, and extension

agents. Available yield data from nearby counties and

results of field trials and demonstrations also are

considered (Fehrenbacher et al., 1978).

The management needed to obtain the indicated

yields of the various crops depends on the kind of soil

and the crop. Management can include drainage,

erosion control, and protection from flooding; the

proper planting and seeding rates; suitable highyielding crop varieties; appropriate and timely tillage;

control of weeds, plant diseases, and harmful insects;

favorable soil reaction and optimum levels of nitrogen,

phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements for each

crop; effective use of crop residue, barnyard manure,

and green manure crops; and harvesting that ensures

the smallest possible loss.

The estimated yields reflect the productive capacity

of each soil for each of the principal crops. Yields are

likely to increase as new production technology is

developed. The productivity of a given soil compared

with that of other soils, however, is not likely to

change.

Crops other than those shown in table 7 are grown

in the survey area, but estimated yields are not listed

because the acreage of such crops is small. The local

office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service

or of the Cooperative Extension Service can provide

information about the management and productivity of

the soils for those crops.

Pasture and Hay Yields

Under good management, proper grazing is

essential for the production of high-quality forage,

stand survival, and erosion control. Proper grazing

helps the plants to maintain sufficient and generally

vigorous top growth during the growing season. Brush

control is essential in many areas, and weed control

generally is needed. Rotation grazing and renovation

also are important management practices.

Yield estimates are often given in animal unit

months (AUMs), or the amount of forage or feed

required to feed one animal unit (one cow, one horse,

one mule, five sheep, or five goats) for 30 days.

The local office of the Natural Resources

Conservation Service or of the Cooperative Extension

Service can provide information about forage yields

other than those shown in table 7.

Mined Soils

Descriptions and maps of mined soils reflect

conditions in the survey area at the time when

fieldwork was completed and may reflect active mining

and/or reclamation. More recent reclamation practices

or changes in soil classification may change the

mapping, classification, and interpretation of mined

soils. At the time of publication, the long-term crop

yield information that is typically used for yield

estimates was not available for mined soils. The users

of this survey should contact the Illinois Department of

Natural Resources, Office of Mines and Minerals,

Land Reclamation Division, for current, site-specific

information.

Land Capability Classification

Land capability classification shows, in a general

way, the suitability of soils for most kinds of field crops,

including corn, small grain, and hay. Crops that require

special management are excluded. The soils are

grouped according to their limitations for field crops,

the risk of damage if they are used for crops, and the

way they respond to management. The criteria used in

grouping the soils do not include major and generally

expensive landforming that would change slope,

depth, or other characteristics of the soils, nor do they

include possible but unlikely major reclamation

projects. Capability classification is not a substitute for

interpretations designed to show suitability and

limitations of groups of soils for woodland or for

engineering purposes.

In the capability system, soils are generally grouped

at three levels—capability class, subclass, and unit

(USDA, 1961). Only class and subclass are used in

this survey.

Capability classes, the broadest groups, are

designated by the numbers 1 through 8. The numbers

indicate progressively greater limitations and narrower
122 Soil Survey of

choices for practical use. The classes are defined as

follows:

Class 1 soils have slight limitations that restrict their

use.

Class 2 soils have moderate limitations that restrict

the choice of plants or that require moderate

conservation practices.

Class 3 soils have severe limitations that restrict the

choice of plants or that require special conservation

practices, or both.

Class 4 soils have very severe limitations that

restrict the choice of plants or that require very careful

management, or both.

Class 5 soils are subject to little or no erosion but

have other limitations, impractical to remove, that

restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland,

forestland, or wildlife habitat.

Class 6 soils have severe limitations that make

them generally unsuitable for cultivation and that

restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland,

forestland, or wildlife habitat.

Class 7 soils have very severe limitations that make

them unsuitable for cultivation and that restrict their

use mainly to grazing, forestland, or wildlife habitat.

Class 8 soils and miscellaneous areas have

limitations that preclude commercial plant production

and that restrict their use to recreational purposes,

wildlife habitat, watershed, or esthetic purposes.

Capability subclasses are soil groups within one

class. They are designated by adding a small letter, e,

w, s, or c, to the class numeral, for example, 2e. The

letter e shows that the main hazard is the risk of

erosion unless close-growing plant cover is

maintained; w shows that water in or on the soil

interferes with plant growth or cultivation (in some

soils the wetness can be partly corrected by artificial

drainage); s shows that the soil is limited mainly

because it is shallow, droughty, or stony; and c, used

in only some parts of the United States, shows that

the chief limitation is climate that is very cold or very

dry.

In class 1 there are no subclasses because the

soils of this class have few limitations. Class 5

contains only the subclasses indicated by w, s, or c

because the soils in class 5 are subject to little or no

erosion. They have other limitations that restrict their

use to pasture, rangeland, forestland, wildlife habitat,

or recreation.

The capability classification of map units in this

survey area is given in the section “Soil Series and

Detailed Soil Map Units” and in table 7.

Prime Farmland

Prime farmland is one of several kinds of important

farmland defined by the U.S. Department of

Agriculture. It is of major importance in meeting the

Nation’s short- and long-range needs for food and

fiber. Because the supply of high-quality farmland is

limited, the U.S. Department of Agriculture recognizes

that responsible levels of government, as well as

individuals, should encourage and facilitate the wise

use of our Nation’s prime farmland.

Prime farmland, as defined by the U.S. Department

of Agriculture, is land that has the best combination of

physical and chemical characteristics for producing

food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops and is

available for these uses. It could be cultivated land,

pastureland, forestland, or other land, but it is not

urban or built-up land or water areas. The soil qualities,

growing season, and moisture supply are those

needed for the soil to economically produce sustained

high yields of crops when proper management,

including water management, and acceptable farming

methods are applied. In general, prime farmland has

an adequate and dependable supply of moisture from

precipitation or irrigation, a favorable temperature and

growing season, acceptable acidity or alkalinity, an

acceptable salt and sodium content, and few or no

rocks. It is permeable to water and air. It is not

excessively erodible or saturated with water for long

periods, and it either is not frequently flooded during

the growing season or is protected from flooding.

Slope ranges mainly from 0 to 6 percent. More

detailed information about the criteria for prime

farmland is available at the local office of the Natural

Resources Conservation Service.

A recent trend in land use in some parts of the

survey area has been the loss of some prime

farmland to industrial and urban uses. The loss of

prime farmland to other uses puts pressure on

marginal lands, which generally are more erodible,

droughty, and less productive and cannot be easily

cultivated.

About 410,558 acres, or nearly 90 percent of the

county, meets the requirements for prime farmland.

The map units in the county that are considered

prime farmland are listed in table 8. This list does not

constitute a recommendation for a particular land use.

On some soils included in the list, measures that

overcome a hazard or limitation, such as flooding and

wetness, are needed. Onsite evaluation is needed to

determine whether or not the hazard or limitation has
Christian County, Illinois 123

been overcome by corrective measures. The extent of

each listed map unit is shown in table 5. The location

is shown on the detailed soil maps. The soil qualities

that affect use and management are described under

the heading “Soil Series and Detailed Soil Map Units.”

Hydric Soils

In this section, hydric soils are defined and

described and the hydric soils in the survey area are

listed.

The three essential characteristics of wetlands are

hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and wetland

hydrology (Cowardin et al., 1979; U.S. Army Corps of

Engineers, 1987; National Research Council, 1995;

Tiner, 1985). Criteria for each of the characteristics

must be met for areas to be identified as wetlands.

Undrained hydric soils that have natural vegetation

should support a dominant population of ecological

wetland plant species. Hydric soils that have been

converted to other uses should be capable of being

restored to wetlands.

Hydric soils are defined by the National Technical

Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) as soils that

formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or

ponding long enough during the growing season to

develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part

(Federal Register, 1994). These soils are either

saturated or inundated long enough during the

growing season to support the growth and

reproduction of hydrophytic vegetation.

The NTCHS definition identifies general soil

properties that are associated with wetness. In order

to determine whether a specific soil is a hydric soil or

nonhydric soil, however, more specific information,

such as information about the depth and duration of

the water table, is needed. Thus, criteria that identify

those estimated soil properties unique to hydric soils

have been established (Federal Register, 1995). These

criteria are used to identify a phase of a soil series

that normally is associated with wetlands. The criteria

used are selected estimated soil properties that are

described in “Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff, 1999)

and in the “Soil Survey Manual” (Soil Survey Division

Staff, 1993).

If soils are wet enough for a long enough period to

be considered hydric, they should exhibit certain

properties that can be easily observed in the field.

These visible properties are indicators of hydric soils.

The indicators used to make onsite determinations of

hydric soils in this survey area are specified in “Field

Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States” (Hurt et

al., 1998).

Hydric soils are identified by examining and

describing the soil to a depth of about 20 inches. This

depth may be greater if determination of an

appropriate indicator so requires. It is always

recommended that soils be excavated and described

to the depth necessary for an understanding of the

redoximorphic processes. Then, using the completed

soil descriptions, soil scientists can compare the soil

features required by each indicator and specify which

indicators have been matched with the conditions

observed in the soil. The soil can be identified as a

hydric soil if at least one of the approved indicators is

present.

Map units that are made up mainly of hydric soils

may have small areas, or inclusions, of nonhydric soils

in the higher positions on the landform, and map units

made up mainly of nonhydric soils may have

inclusions of hydric soils in the lower positions on the

landform. Table 9 indicates the hydric and nonhydric

soils identified in the names of the detailed map units

in the county. The table also identifies the included

soils that are considered hydric. Onsite investigation is

recommended to determine whether hydric soils occur

and the location of the included hydric soils.

Windbreaks and Environmental

Plantings

Windbreaks protect livestock, buildings, yards, fruit

trees, gardens, and cropland from wind and snow;

help to keep snow on fields; and provide food and

cover for wildlife. Several rows of low- and highgrowing broadleaf and coniferous trees and shrubs

provide the most protection.

Field windbreaks are narrow plantings made at right

angles to the prevailing wind and at specific intervals

across the field. The interval depends on the erodibility

of the soil.

Environmental plantings help to beautify and screen

houses and other buildings and to abate noise. The

plants, mostly evergreen shrubs and trees, are closely

spaced. To ensure plant survival, a healthy planting

stock of suitable species should be planted properly

on a well prepared site and maintained in good

condition.

Windbreaks are often planted on land that did not

originally support trees. Knowledge of how trees

perform on such land can be gained only by observing

and recording the performance of trees that have been

planted and have survived. Many popular windbreak

species are not indigenous to the areas in which they

are planted.
124 Soil Survey of

Each tree or shrub species has certain climatic and

physiographic limits. Within these parameters, a tree

or shrub may grow well or grow poorly, depending on

the characteristics of the soil. Each tree or shrub has

definable potential heights in a given physiographic

area and under a given climate. Accurate definitions of

the potential heights are necessary when a windbreak

is planned and designed.

Table 10 shows the height that locally grown trees

and shrubs are expected to reach in 20 years on

various soils. The estimates in table 10 are based on

measurements and observation of established

plantings that have been given adequate care. They

can be used as a guide in planning windbreaks and

screens. Additional information on planning

windbreaks and screens and planting and caring for

trees and shrubs can be obtained from the local office

of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or of

the Cooperative Extension Service or from a

commercial nursery.

Forestland

John Churan, district forester, Illinois Department of Natural

Resources, helped prepare this section.

The forestland in Christian County is mainly in

sloping areas, on the narrower bottomland, and in

strips along creeks and rivers. Originally, these areas

were heavily if not entirely forested, but the flatter

areas were converted to agriculture long ago.

Adjoining the slopes were forest areas that

transitioned into prairie, gradually in some places

(savannah sites) and abruptly in others. These areas

have also, for the most part, been converted to

agriculture, although forested areas remain in a few

places. Overall, Christian County is a mixture of forest

and prairie and is part of the “Grand Prairie”

(Swegman, 1979). Of the 52,800 originally forested

acres, about 40 percent remains today (Iverson,

1989).

Soil properties that affect the growth of trees

include reaction (pH), fertility, drainage, texture,

structure, and soil depth. The soil also serves as a

reservoir for moisture, provides an anchor for tree

roots, and supplies essential plant nutrients. Soils that

do not have extremes of these properties and that

have an effective rooting depth of more than 40 inches

allow the best growth for wood production.

Site characteristics that affect tree growth include

aspect (the direction in which the slopes face) and

degree of slope. These site characteristics influence

the amount of available sunlight, drainage, soil

temperature, soil moisture, and relative humidity.

Typically, north and east aspects and the lower

slope positions, which are cooler and have better

moisture conditions than other sites, are the best

upland sites for tree growth. The most productive sites

on bottomland are generally the deep, well drained

soils.

Management activities can influence forestland

productivity and should be aimed at eliminating factors

that cause tree stress. Generally, these activities

involve thinning overstocked young stands; harvesting

old, mature trees; and eliminating wildfire and grazing.

Wildfire and grazing have very negative impacts on

forest growth and quality. Some of the forestland in the

county is still subject to grazing, which destroys the

leaf layer on the surface, compacts the soils, and

eliminates or damages tree seedlings. Forestland sites

that are not grazed have the highest potential for

optimum timber production.

By far, the bulk of forest in the county is in areas of

Hickory soils. Some forested areas extend onto the

adjoining Atlas, Elco, Keomah, Rozetta, and

Senachwine soils. Upland tree species are sensitive to

differences in soils. Some species are adapted to

certain sites but are only marginally adapted or are not

adapted at all to other sites. A broad listing of species

would include red chinquapin oak, white chinquapin

oak, black chinquapin oak, bur oak, hickory, walnut,

elm, and hackberry. A serious disease affects white

ash. Hard maple is making strong incursions onto

many of the shadier, moist slopes typically occupied

by red oak. American elm is ubiquitous in the

understory but occurs rarely as a larger tree.

The forest sites on the flood plains in the county

occur as remnants of original stands and as

regeneration areas. Where fields have been

abandoned, the sites can be seeded readily. Radford,

Ross, Sawmill, and Tice soils are the most common

soils on these sites. Soft maple is ubiquitous, but

common associates include cottonwood, green ash,

and sycamore. Some sites in which the soils have

better internal drainage support walnut, hackberry,

bitternut hickory, and assorted other bottomland

species. Box elder, which is fairly widespread, is

generally considered a “weed species.”

The many values of forestland include economic

benefits (timber production), wildlife habitat, erosion

control or prevention, ground-water infiltration or

retention, water quality (including filtering and

cleansing of agricultural pollutants), esthetic values,

and recreational opportunities. All of these features

can be enhanced through proper management.

Where regeneration of forest stands is desired, the

best approach is to concentrate on the mixture (or

“composition”) of the species that originally occupied
Christian County, Illinois 125

the site. Reforestation can be attempted by various

means, including planting seedlings or tree seeds,

encouraging natural regeneration, or a combination of

these. Assistance can be obtained from a professional

forester.

Similarly, a forester’s assistance should be sought

before a stand is manipulated for the purpose of

improving or optimizing composition, growth rates, and

tree quality.

The tables in this section (table 11 and tables 12a

through 12e) can help forest owners or managers plan

the use of soils for wood crops. They show the

potential productivity of the soils for wood crops and

rate the soils according to the limitations that affect

various aspects of forest management.

Forest Productivity

In table 11, the potential productivity of

merchantable or common trees on a soil is expressed

as a site index and as a volume number. The site

index is the average height, in feet, that dominant and

codominant trees of a given species attain in a

specified number of years. The site index applies to

fully stocked, even-aged, unmanaged stands.

Commonly grown trees are those that forest managers

generally favor in intermediate or improvement

cuttings. They are selected on the basis of growth rate,

quality, value, and marketability. More detailed

information regarding site index is available in the

“National Forestry Manual,” which is available in local

offices of the Natural Resources Conservation Service

or on the Internet.

The volume of wood fiber, a number, is the yield

likely to be produced by the most important tree

species. This number, expressed as cubic feet per

acre per year and calculated at the age of culmination

of the mean annual increment (CMAI), indicates the

amount of fiber produced in a fully stocked, evenaged, unmanaged stand.

Suggested trees to plant are those that are

preferred for planting, seeding, or natural regeneration

and those that remain in the stand after thinning or

partial harvest.

Forest Management

In tables 12a through 12e, interpretive ratings are

given for various aspects of forest management. The

ratings are both verbal and numerical.

Some rating class terms indicate the degree to

which the soils are suited to a specified forest

management practice. Well suited indicates that the

soil has features that are favorable for the specified

practice and has no limitations. Good performance can

be expected, and little or no maintenance is needed.

Moderately suited indicates that the soil has features

that are moderately favorable for the specified practice.

One or more soil properties are less than desirable,

and fair performance can be expected. Some

maintenance is needed. Poorly suited indicates that

the soil has one or more properties that are

unfavorable for the specified practice. Overcoming the

unfavorable properties requires special design, extra

maintenance, and costly alteration. Unsuited indicates

that the expected performance of the soil is

unacceptable for the specified practice or that extreme

measures are needed to overcome the undesirable

soil properties.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the

specified forest management practice (1.00) and

the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation

(0.00).

Rating class terms for seedling mortality are

expressed as low, moderate, and high. Where these

terms are used, the numerical ratings indicate

gradations between the point at which the potential for

seedling mortality is highest (1.00) and the point at

which the potential is lowest (0.00).

The paragraphs that follow indicate the soil

properties considered in rating the soils for forest

management practices. More detailed information

about the criteria used in the ratings is available in the

“National Forestry Manual,” which is available in local

offices of the Natural Resources Conservation Service

or on the Internet.

For limitations affecting construction of haul roads

and log landings, the ratings are based on slope,

flooding, permafrost, plasticity index, the hazard of soil

slippage, content of sand, the Unified classification,

rock fragments on or below the surface, depth to a

restrictive layer that is indurated, depth to a water

table, and ponding. The limitations are described as

slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of slight indicates

that no significant limitations affect construction

activities, moderate indicates that one or more

limitations can cause some difficulty in construction,

and severe indicates that one or more limitations can

make construction very difficult or very costly.

The ratings of suitability for log landings are based

on slope, rock fragments on the surface, plasticity

index, content of sand, the Unified classification, depth

to a water table, ponding, flooding, and the hazard of

soil slippage. The soils are described as well suited,
126 Soil Survey of

moderately suited, or poorly suited to use as log

landings.

Ratings in the column soil rutting hazard are based

on depth to a water table, rock fragments on or below

the surface, the Unified classification, depth to a

restrictive layer, and slope. Ruts form as a result of the

operation of forest equipment. The hazard is described

as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of slight

indicates that the soil is subject to little or no rutting,

moderate indicates that rutting is likely, and severe

indicates that ruts form readily.

Ratings in the column hazard of off-road or off-trail

erosion are based on slope and on soil erodibility

factor K. The soil loss is caused by sheet or rill erosion

in off-road or off-trail areas where 50 to 75 percent of

the surface has been exposed by logging, grazing,

mining, or other kinds of disturbance. The hazard is

described as slight, moderate, severe, or very severe.

A rating of slight indicates that erosion is unlikely

under ordinary climatic conditions; moderate indicates

that some erosion is likely and that erosion-control

measures may be needed; severe indicates that

erosion is very likely and that erosion-control

measures, including revegetation of bare areas, are

advised; and very severe indicates that significant

erosion is expected, loss of soil productivity and offsite damage are likely, and erosion-control measures

are costly and generally impractical.

Ratings in the column hazard of erosion on roads

and trails are based on the soil erodibility factor K,

slope, and content of rock fragments. The ratings

apply to unsurfaced roads and trails. The hazard is

described as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of

slight indicates that little or no erosion is likely;

moderate indicates that some erosion is likely, that the

roads or trails may require occasional maintenance;

and that simple erosion-control measures are needed;

and severe indicates that significant erosion is

expected, that the roads or trails require frequent

maintenance, and that costly erosion-control

measures are needed.

Ratings in the column suitability for roads (natural

surface) are based on slope, rock fragments on the

surface, plasticity index, content of sand, the Unified

classification, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

and the hazard of soil slippage. The ratings indicate

the suitability for using the natural surface of the soil

for roads. The soils are described as well suited,

moderately suited, or poorly suited to this use.

Ratings in the columns suitability for hand planting

and suitability for mechanical planting are based on

slope, depth to a restrictive layer, content of sand,

plasticity index, rock fragments on or below the

surface, depth to a water table, and ponding. The soils

are described as well suited, moderately suited, poorly

suited, or unsuited to these methods of planting. It is

assumed that necessary site preparation is completed

before seedlings are planted.

Ratings in the column suitability for use of

harvesting equipment are based on slope, rock

fragments on the surface, plasticity index, content

of sand, the Unified classification, depth to a water

table, and ponding. The soils are described as well

suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to this

use.

Ratings in the column suitability for mechanical site

preparation (surface) are based on slope, depth to a

restrictive layer, plasticity index, rock fragments on or

below the surface, depth to a water table, and ponding.

The soils are described as well suited, poorly suited,

or unsuited to this management activity. The part of

the soil from the surface to a depth of about 1 foot is

considered in the ratings.

Ratings in the column suitability for mechanical site

preparation (deep) are based on slope, depth to a

restrictive layer, rock fragments on or below the

surface, depth to a water table, and ponding. The soils

are described as well suited, poorly suited, or unsuited

to this management activity. The part of the soil from

the surface to a depth of about 3 feet is considered in

the ratings.

Ratings in the column potential for seedling

mortality are based on flooding, ponding, depth to a

water table, content of lime, reaction, salinity, available

water capacity, soil moisture regime, soil temperature

regime, aspect, and slope. The soils are described as

having a low, moderate, or high potential for seedling

mortality.

Recreation

Christian County offers opportunities for a variety of

recreational activities. Sangchris Lake State Park

provides opportunities for picnicking, camping, hiking,

fishing, and boating. Lake Taylorville and the

Sangamon River provide opportunities for boating,

fishing, camping, and other recreational activities. The

scenic areas in the county have good potential for the

development of recreational facilities.

The soils of the survey area are rated in tables 13a

and 13b according to limitations that affect their

suitability for recreation. The ratings are both verbal

and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent

to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features

that affect the recreational uses. Not limited indicates

that the soil has features that are very favorable for the

specified use. Good performance and very low

maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited
Christian County, Illinois 127

indicates that the soil has features that are moderately

favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be

overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or

installation. Fair performance and moderate

maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates

that the soil has one or more features that are

unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation

procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance

can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

The ratings in the tables are based on restrictive

soil features, such as wetness, slope, and texture of

the surface layer. Susceptibility to flooding is

considered. Not considered in the ratings, but

important in evaluating a site, are the location and

accessibility of the area, the size and shape of the

area and its scenic quality, vegetation, access to

water, potential water impoundment sites, and access

to public sewer lines. The capacity of the soil to absorb

septic tank effluent and the ability of the soil to support

vegetation also are important. Soils that are subject to

flooding are limited for recreational uses by the

duration and intensity of flooding and the season when

flooding occurs. In planning recreational facilities,

onsite assessment of the height, duration, intensity,

and frequency of flooding is essential.

The information in tables 13a and 13b can be

supplemented by other information in this survey, for

example, interpretations for building site development,

construction materials, sanitary facilities, and water

management.

Camp areas require site preparation, such as

shaping and leveling the tent and parking areas,

stabilizing roads and intensively used areas, and

installing sanitary facilities and utility lines. Camp

areas are subject to heavy foot traffic and some

vehicular traffic. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the ease of developing camp

areas and the performance of the areas after

development. Slope, stoniness, and depth to bedrock

or a cemented pan are the main concerns affecting

the development of camp areas. The soil properties

that affect the performance of the areas after

development are those that influence trafficability and

promote the growth of vegetation, especially in heavily

used areas. For good trafficability, the surface of camp

areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under

heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry. The soil

properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

permeability, and large stones. The soil properties that

affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in

the soil.

Picnic areas are subject to heavy foot traffic. Most

vehicular traffic is confined to access roads and

parking areas. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the ease of developing picnic

areas and that influence trafficability and the growth of

vegetation after development. Slope and stoniness are

the main concerns affecting the development of picnic

areas. For good trafficability, the surface of picnic

areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under

heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry. The soil

properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

permeability, and large stones. The soil properties that

affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in

the soil.

Playgrounds require soils that are nearly level, are

free of stones, and can withstand intensive foot traffic.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

the ease of developing playgrounds and that influence

trafficability and the growth of vegetation after

development. Slope and stoniness are the main

concerns affecting the development of playgrounds.

For good trafficability, the surface of the playgrounds

should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy

foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry. The soil

properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

permeability, and large stones. The soil properties that

affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in

the soil.

Paths and trails for hiking and horseback riding

should require little or no slope modification through

cutting and filling. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect trafficability and erodibility. These

properties are stoniness, depth to a water table,

ponding, flooding, slope, and texture of the surface

layer.

Off-road motorcycle trails require little or no site

preparation. They are not covered with surfacing

material or vegetation. Considerable compaction of the

soil material is likely. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that influence erodibility, trafficability,
128 Soil Survey of

dustiness, and the ease of revegetation. These

properties are stoniness, slope, depth to a water table,

ponding, flooding, and texture of the surface layer.

Golf fairways are subject to heavy foot traffic and

some light vehicular traffic. Cutting or filling may be

required. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings. The

ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

plant growth and trafficability after vegetation is

established. The properties that affect plant growth are

reaction; depth to a water table; ponding; depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan; the available water

capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts,

sodium, or calcium carbonate; and sulfidic materials.

The properties that affect trafficability are flooding,

depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and

the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the

surface layer. The suitability of the soil for traps, tees,

roughs, and greens is not considered in the ratings.

Wildlife Habitat

The soils in Christian County support habitat for a

variety of wildlife, including pheasant, quail, mourning

dove, turkey, white-tailed deer, squirrel, rabbit,

songbirds, fox, raccoon, mink, and muskrat. Snipe,

heron, and other shore birds inhabit the bottomland

areas. The streams and lakes support smallmouth

bass, catfish, carp, and sunfish. Many farm ponds are

stocked with largemouth bass and bluegill. These

ponds provide habitat for migratory ducks in spring

and fall as well as habitat for giant Canada geese.

Most areas in the county can be improved for use

as wildlife habitat. The map units described in the

section “Soil Series and Detailed Soil Map Units” can

be grouped into two major wildlife areas. These areas

are described in the following paragraphs.

Wildlife area 1.— Assumption, Buckhart,

Darmstadt, Harrison, Herrick, Ipava, Keomah,

Oconee, Osco, Radford, Sable, Sawmill, and Virden

soils are the major soil types in this wildlife area.

These soils are nearly level to moderately sloping and

are poorly drained to well drained. Sawmill and

Radford soils are subject to flooding.

This wildlife area consists mainly of cropland, much

of which is used for corn or soybeans year after year.

This area provides habitat for ring-necked pheasant,

raccoon, deer, meadowlark, grasshoppers, sparrow,

fox, snakes, and other openland wildlife.

The habitat is generally of poor quality because of

the lack of crop residue, herbaceous nesting, roosting

cover, woody cover, travel lanes, and hedgerows.

Wildlife would benefit from delayed mowing of grassy

cover on roadsides and ditchbanks and along

waterways until after the nesting season. Protection of

woody cover and management of crop residue are

also important.

Wildlife area 2.—Alvin, Elco, Greenbush, Hickory,

Middletown, and Rozetta soils are the major soil types

in this wildlife area. These soils are gently sloping to

very steep and are well drained or moderately well

drained.

This wildlife area borders the major streams in the

county, and it provides much more diversified habitat

than wildlife area 1. It consists of cropland, pasture,

and forestland. The major game species are ringnecked pheasant, white-tailed deer, mourning dove,

bobwhite quail, turkey, fox, squirrel, and rabbit. The

nongame species include those that inhabit brushy

cover and forestland in addition to those listed in the

description of wildlife area 1.

Pasture management, protection of forestland from

livestock, crop residue management, and delayed

mowing of grassy cover can benefit wildlife in this

area.

Soils affect the kind and amount of vegetation that

is available to wildlife as food and cover. They also

affect the construction of water impoundments. The

kind and abundance of wildlife depend largely on the

amount and distribution of food, cover, and water.

Wildlife habitat can be created or improved by planting

appropriate vegetation, by maintaining the existing

plant cover, or by promoting the natural establishment

of desirable plants.

In table 14, the soils in the survey area are rated

according to their potential for providing habitat for

various kinds of wildlife. This information can be used

in planning parks, wildlife refuges, nature study areas,

and other developments for wildlife; in selecting soils

that are suitable for establishing, improving, or

maintaining specific elements of wildlife habitat; and in

determining the intensity of management needed for

each element of the habitat.

The potential of the soil is rated good, fair, poor, or

very poor. A rating of good indicates that the element

or kind of habitat is easily established, improved, or

maintained. Few or no limitations affect management,

and satisfactory results can be expected. A rating of

fair indicates that the element or kind of habitat can be

established, improved, or maintained in most places.

Moderately intensive management is required for

satisfactory results. A rating of poor indicates that

limitations are severe for the designated element or

kind of habitat. Habitat can be created, improved, or

maintained in most places, but management is difficult

and must be intensive. A rating of very poor indicates

that restrictions for the element or kind of habitat are
Christian County, Illinois 129

very severe and that unsatisfactory results can be

expected. Creating, improving, or maintaining habitat

is impractical or impossible.

The elements of wildlife habitat are described in the

following paragraphs.

Grain and seed crops are domestic grains and

seed-producing herbaceous plants. Soil properties

and features that affect the growth of grain and seed

crops are depth of the root zone, texture of the surface

layer, available water capacity, wetness, slope, surface

stoniness, and flooding. Soil temperature and soil

moisture also are considerations. Examples of grain

and seed crops are corn, soybeans, wheat, and oats.

Grasses and legumes are domestic perennial

grasses and herbaceous legumes. Soil properties and

features that affect the growth of grasses and legumes

are depth of the root zone, texture of the surface layer,

available water capacity, wetness, surface stoniness,

flooding, and slope. Soil temperature and soil moisture

also are considerations. Examples of grasses and

legumes are bromegrass, timothy, orchardgrass,

clover, and alfalfa.

Wild herbaceous plants are native or naturally

established grasses and forbs, including weeds. Soil

properties and features that affect the growth of these

plants are depth of the root zone, texture of the

surface layer, available water capacity, wetness,

surface stoniness, and flooding. Soil temperature and

soil moisture also are considerations. Examples of wild

herbaceous plants are bluestem, indiangrass,

goldenrod, beggarweed, ragweed, and foxtail.

Hardwood trees and woody understory produce

nuts or other fruit, buds, catkins, twigs, bark, and

foliage. Soil properties and features that affect the

growth of hardwood trees and shrubs are depth of the

root zone, available water capacity, and wetness.

Examples of these plants are oak, cherry, cottonwood,

apple, hawthorn, hickory, blackberry, elderberry,

maple, green ash, and willow. Examples of fruitproducing shrubs that are suitable for planting on soils

rated good are American plum, hazelnut, dogwood,

and arrowwood.

Coniferous plants furnish browse and seeds. Soil

properties and features that affect the growth of

coniferous trees, shrubs, and ground cover are depth

of the root zone, available water capacity, and

wetness. Examples of coniferous plants are pine,

spruce, cedar, fir, and juniper.

Wetland plants are annual and perennial wild

herbaceous plants that grow on moist or wet sites.

Submerged or floating aquatic plants are excluded.

Soil properties and features affecting wetland plants

are texture of the surface layer, wetness, reaction,

salinity, slope, and surface stoniness. Examples of

wetland plants are smartweed, wild millet, cordgrass,

rushes, sedges, and reeds.

Shallow water areas have an average depth of less

than 5 feet. Some are naturally wet areas. Others are

created by dams, levees, or other water-control

structures. Soil properties and features affecting

shallow water areas are depth to bedrock, wetness,

surface stoniness, slope, and permeability. Examples

of shallow water areas are waterfowl feeding areas,

wildlife watering developments, marshes, and beaver

ponds and other wildlife ponds.

The habitat for various kinds of wildlife is described

in the following paragraphs.

Habitat for openland wildlife consists of cropland,

pasture, meadows, and areas that are overgrown with

grasses, herbs, shrubs, and vines. These areas

produce grain and seed crops, grasses and legumes,

and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife attracted to these

areas include ring-necked pheasant, bobwhite quail,

meadowlark, field sparrow, cottontail rabbit, and red

fox.

Habitat for woodland wildlife consists of areas of

deciduous and/or coniferous plants and associated

grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife

attracted to these areas include wild turkey, thrushes,

woodpeckers, owls, tree squirrels, raccoon, woodcock,

and white-tailed deer.

Habitat for wetland wildlife consists of open, marshy

or swampy shallow water areas. Some of the wildlife

attracted to such areas are ducks, geese, herons,

shore birds, muskrat, mink, and beaver.

Engineering

This section provides information for planning land

uses related to urban development and to water

management. Soils are rated for various uses, and the

most limiting features are identified. Ratings are given

for building site development, sanitary facilities,

construction materials, and water management. The

ratings are based on observed performance of the

soils and on the data in the tables described under the

heading “Soil Properties.”

Information in this section is intended for land use

planning, for evaluating land use alternatives, and for

planning site investigations prior to design and

construction. The information, however, has limitations.

For example, estimates and other data generally apply

only to that part of the soil between the surface and a

depth of 5 to 7 feet. Because of the map scale, small

areas of different soils may be included within the

mapped areas of a specific soil.

The information is not site specific and does not

eliminate the need for onsite investigation of the soils
130 Soil Survey of

or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in

the design and construction of engineering works.

Government ordinances and regulations that

restrict certain land uses or impose specific design

criteria were not considered in preparing the

information in this section. Local ordinances and

regulations should be considered in planning, in site

selection, and in design.

Soil properties, site features, and observed

performance were considered in determining the

ratings in this section. During the fieldwork for this soil

survey, determinations were made about particle-size

distribution, liquid limit, plasticity index, soil reaction,

depth to bedrock, hardness of bedrock within 5 to 7

feet of the surface, soil wetness, depth to a water

table, ponding, slope, likelihood of flooding, natural soil

structure aggregation, and soil density. Data were

collected about kinds of clay minerals, mineralogy of

the sand and silt fractions, and the kinds of adsorbed

cations. Estimates were made for erodibility,

permeability, corrosivity, shrink-swell potential,

available water capacity, and other behavioral

characteristics affecting engineering uses.

This information can be used to evaluate the

potential of areas for residential, commercial,

industrial, and recreational uses; make preliminary

estimates of construction conditions; evaluate

alternative routes for roads, streets, highways,

pipelines, and underground cables; evaluate

alternative sites for sanitary landfills, septic tank

absorption fields, and sewage lagoons; plan detailed

onsite investigations of soils and geology; locate

potential sources of gravel, sand, earthfill, and topsoil;

plan drainage systems, irrigation systems, ponds,

terraces, and other structures for soil and water

conservation; and predict performance of proposed

small structures and pavements by comparing the

performance of existing similar structures on the same

or similar soils.

The information in the tables, along with the soil

maps, the soil descriptions, and other data provided in

this survey, can be used to make additional

interpretations.

Some of the terms used in this soil survey have a

special meaning in soil science and are defined in the

Glossary.

Building Site Development

Soil properties influence the development of

building sites, including the selection of the site, the

design of the structure, construction, performance

after construction, and maintenance. Tables 15a and

15b show the degree and kind of soil limitations that

affect dwellings with and without basements, small

commercial buildings, local roads and streets, shallow

excavations, and lawns and landscaping.

The ratings in the tables are both verbal and

numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to

which the soils are limited by all of the soil features

that affect building site development. Not limited

indicates that the soil has features that are very

favorable for the specified use. Good performance and

very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat

limited indicates that the soil has features that are

moderately favorable for the specified use. The

limitations can be overcome or minimized by special

planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and

moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited

indicates that the soil has one or more features that

are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation

procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance

can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories

or less. For dwellings without basements, the

foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of

reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth

of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum frost penetration,

whichever is deeper. For dwellings with basements,

the foundation is assumed to consist of spread

footings of reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil

at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings for dwellings are

based on the soil properties that affect the capacity of

the soil to support a load without movement and on

the properties that affect excavation and construction

costs. The properties that affect the load-supporting

capacity include depth to a water table, ponding,

flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential), and compressibility. Compressibility is

inferred from the Unified classification. The properties

that affect the ease and amount of excavation include

depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, slope, depth

to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or

a cemented pan, and the amount and size of rock

fragments.

Small commercial buildings are structures that are

less than three stories high and do not have

basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of

spread footings of reinforced concrete built on
Christian County, Illinois 131

undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of

maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The

ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the

capacity of the soil to support a load without

movement and on the properties that affect excavation

and construction costs. The properties that affect the

load-supporting capacity include depth to a water

table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear

extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and

compressibility (which is inferred from the Unified

classification). The properties that affect the ease and

amount of excavation include flooding, depth to a

water table, ponding, slope, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented

pan, and the amount and size of rock fragments.

Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface

and carry automobile and light truck traffic all year.

They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base

of gravel, crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by

lime or cement; and a surface of flexible material

(asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a

binder. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect the ease of excavation and grading and the

traffic-supporting capacity. The properties that affect

the ease of excavation and grading are depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a

cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding,

flooding, the amount of large stones, and slope. The

properties that affect the traffic-supporting capacity

are soil strength (as inferred from the AASHTO group

index number), subsidence, linear extensibility (shrinkswell potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a

water table, and ponding.

Shallow excavations are trenches or holes dug to a

maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet for graves, utility lines,

open ditches, or other purposes. The ratings are

based on the soil properties that influence the ease of

digging and the resistance to sloughing. Depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a

cemented pan, the amount of large stones, and dense

layers influence the ease of digging, filling, and

compacting. Depth to the seasonal high water table,

flooding, and ponding may restrict the period when

excavations can be made. Slope influences the ease

of using machinery. Soil texture, depth to the water

table, and linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential)

influence the resistance to sloughing.

Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf

and ornamental trees and shrubs can be established

and maintained. Irrigation is not considered in the

ratings. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect plant growth and trafficability after

vegetation is established. The properties that affect

plant growth are reaction; depth to a water table;

ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the

available water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the

content of salts, sodium, or calcium carbonate; and

sulfidic materials. The properties that affect

trafficability are flooding, depth to a water table,

ponding, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand,

clay, or organic matter in the surface layer.

Sanitary Facilities

Tables 16a and 16b show the degree and kind of

soil limitations that affect septic tank absorption fields,

sewage lagoons, sanitary landfills, and daily cover for

landfill. The ratings are both verbal and numerical.

Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the

soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect

these uses. Not limited indicates that the soil has

features that are very favorable for the specified use.

Good performance and very low maintenance can be

expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has

features that are moderately favorable for the specified

use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by

special planning, design, or installation. Fair

performance and moderate maintenance can be

expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one

or more features that are unfavorable for the specified

use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Septic tank absorption fields are areas in which

effluent from a septic tank is distributed into the soil

through subsurface tiles or perforated pipe. Only that

part of the soil between depths of 24 and 60 inches is

evaluated. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect absorption of the effluent, construction and

maintenance of the system, and public health.

Permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, and flooding affect

absorption of the effluent. Stones and boulders, ice,

and bedrock or a cemented pan interfere with

installation. Subsidence interferes with installation and

maintenance. Excessive slope may cause lateral

seepage and surfacing of the effluent in downslope

areas.

Some soils are underlain by loose sand and gravel

or fractured bedrock at a depth of less than 4 feet
132 Soil Survey of

below the distribution lines. In these soils the

absorption field may not adequately filter the effluent,

particularly when the system is new. As a result, the

ground water may become contaminated.

Sewage lagoons are shallow ponds constructed to

hold sewage while aerobic bacteria decompose the

solid and liquid wastes. Lagoons should have a nearly

level floor surrounded by cut slopes or embankments

of compacted soil. Nearly impervious soil material for

the lagoon floor and sides is required to minimize

seepage and contamination of ground water.

Considered in the ratings are slope, permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, flooding, large stones, and content of

organic matter.

Soil permeability is a critical property affecting the

suitability for sewage lagoons. Most porous soils

eventually become sealed when they are used as sites

for sewage lagoons. Until sealing occurs, however, the

hazard of pollution is severe. Soils that have a

permeability rate of more than 2 inches per hour are

too porous for the proper functioning of sewage

lagoons. In these soils, seepage of the effluent can

result in contamination of the ground water. Groundwater contamination is also a hazard if fractured

bedrock is within a depth of 40 inches, if the water

table is high enough to raise the level of sewage in the

lagoon, or if floodwater overtops the lagoon.

A high content of organic matter is detrimental to

proper functioning of the lagoon because it inhibits

aerobic activity. Slope, bedrock, and cemented pans

can cause construction problems, and large stones

can hinder compaction of the lagoon floor. If the

lagoon is to be uniformly deep throughout, the slope

must be gentle enough and the soil material must be

thick enough over bedrock or a cemented pan to make

land smoothing practical.

A trench sanitary landfill is an area where solid

waste is placed in successive layers in an excavated

trench. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered

daily with a thin layer of soil excavated at the site.

When the trench is full, a final cover of soil material at

least 2 feet thick is placed over the landfill. The ratings

in the table are based on the soil properties that affect

the risk of pollution, the ease of excavation,

trafficability, and revegetation. These properties

include permeability, depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, flooding,

texture, stones and boulders, highly organic layers,

soil reaction, and content of salts and sodium. Unless

otherwise stated, the ratings apply only to that part of

the soil within a depth of about 6 feet. For deeper

trenches, onsite investigation may be needed.

Hard, nonrippable bedrock, creviced bedrock, or

highly permeable strata in or directly below the

proposed trench bottom can affect the ease of

excavation and the hazard of ground-water pollution.

Slope affects construction of the trenches and the

movement of surface water around the landfill. It also

affects the construction and performance of roads in

areas of the landfill.

Soil texture and consistence affect the ease with

which the trench is dug and the ease with which the

soil can be used as daily or final cover. They

determine the workability of the soil when dry and

when wet. Soils that are plastic and sticky when wet

are difficult to excavate, grade, or compact and are

difficult to place as a uniformly thick cover over a layer

of refuse.

The soil material used as the final cover for a trench

landfill should be suitable for plants. It should not have

excess sodium or salts and should not be too acid.

The surface layer generally has the best workability,

the highest content of organic matter, and the best

potential for plants. Material from the surface layer

should be stockpiled for use as the final cover.

In an area sanitary landfill, solid waste is placed in

successive layers on the surface of the soil. The waste

is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a thin

layer of soil from a source away from the site. A final

cover of soil material at least 2 feet thick is placed over

the completed landfill. The ratings in the table are

based on the soil properties that affect trafficability and

the risk of pollution. These properties include flooding,

permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, slope,

and depth to bedrock or a cemented pan.

Flooding is a serious problem because it can result

in pollution in areas downstream from the landfill. If

permeability is too rapid or if fractured bedrock, a

fractured cemented pan, or the water table is close to

the surface, the leachate can contaminate the water

supply. Slope is a consideration because of the extra

grading required to maintain roads in the steeper

areas of the landfill. Also, leachate may flow along the

surface of the soils in the steeper areas and cause

difficult seepage problems.

Daily cover for landfill is the soil material that is

used to cover compacted solid waste in an area

sanitary landfill. The soil material is obtained offsite,

transported to the landfill, and spread over the waste.

The ratings in the table also apply to the final cover for

a landfill. They are based on the soil properties that

affect workability, the ease of digging, and the ease of

moving and spreading the material over the refuse

daily during wet and dry periods. These properties

include soil texture, depth to a water table, ponding,
Christian County, Illinois 133

rock fragments, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan, reaction, and content of salts, sodium, or lime.

Loamy or silty soils that are free of large stones and

excess gravel are the best cover for a landfill. Clayey

soils may be sticky and difficult to spread; sandy soils

are subject to wind erosion.

Slope affects the ease of excavation and of moving

the cover material. Also, it can influence runoff,

erosion, and reclamation of the borrow area.

After soil material has been removed, the soil

material remaining in the borrow area must be thick

enough over bedrock, a cemented pan, or the water

table to permit revegetation. The soil material used as

the final cover for a landfill should be suitable for

plants. It should not have excess sodium, salts, or lime

and should not be too acid.

Construction Materials

Tables 17a and 17b give information about the soils

as potential sources of gravel, sand, topsoil, and

roadfill. Normal compaction, minor processing, and

other standard construction practices are assumed.

Sand and gravel are natural aggregates suitable for

commercial use with a minimum of processing. They

are used in many kinds of construction. Specifications

for each use vary widely. In table 17a, only the

likelihood of finding material in suitable quantity is

evaluated. The suitability of the material for specific

purposes is not evaluated, nor are factors that affect

excavation of the material. The properties used to

evaluate the soil as a source of sand or gravel are

gradation of grain sizes (as indicated by the Unified

classification of the soil), the thickness of suitable

material, and the content of rock fragments. If the

bottom layer of the soil contains sand or gravel, the

soil is considered a likely source regardless of

thickness. The assumption is that the sand or gravel

layer below the depth of observation exceeds the

minimum thickness.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential

sources of sand and gravel. A rating of good or fair

means that the source material is likely to be in or

below the soil. The bottom layer and the thickest layer

of the soils are assigned numerical ratings. These

ratings indicate the likelihood that the layer is a source

of sand or gravel. The number 0.00 indicates that the

layer is a poor source. The number 1.00 indicates that

the layer is a good source. A number between 0.00

and 1.00 indicates the degree to which the layer is a

likely source.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential

sources of topsoil and roadfill. The features that limit

the soils as sources of these materials are specified in

the tables. The numerical ratings given after the

specified features indicate the degree to which the

features limit the soils as sources of topsoil or roadfill.

The lower the number, the greater the limitation.

Roadfill is soil material that is excavated in one

place and used in road embankments in another

place. In this table, the soils are rated as a source of

roadfill for low embankments, generally less than 6

feet high and less exacting in design than higher

embankments.

The ratings are for the whole soil, from the surface

to a depth of about 5 feet. It is assumed that soil layers

will be mixed when the soil material is excavated and

spread.

The ratings are based on the amount of suitable

material and on soil properties that affect the ease of

excavation and the performance of the material after it

is in place. The thickness of the suitable material is a

major consideration. The ease of excavation is

affected by large stones, depth to a water table, and

slope. How well the soil performs in place after it has

been compacted and drained is determined by its

strength (as inferred from the AASHTO classification

of the soil) and linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential).

Topsoil is used to cover an area so that vegetation

can be established and maintained. The upper 40

inches of a soil is evaluated for use as topsoil. Also

evaluated is the reclamation potential of the borrow

area. The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect plant growth; the ease of excavating, loading,

and spreading the material; and reclamation of the

borrow area. Toxic substances, soil reaction, and the

properties that are inferred from soil texture, such as

available water capacity and fertility, affect plant

growth. The ease of excavating, loading, and

spreading is affected by rock fragments, slope, depth

to a water table, soil texture, and thickness of suitable

material. Reclamation of the borrow area is affected by

slope, depth to a water table, rock fragments, depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, and toxic material.

The surface layer of most soils is generally

preferred for topsoil because of its organic matter

content. Organic matter greatly increases the

absorption and retention of moisture and nutrients for

plant growth.

Water Management

Tables 18a and 18b give information on the soil

properties and site features that affect water

management. The degree and kind of soil limitations

are given for pond reservoir areas; embankments,

dikes, and levees; aquifer-fed excavated ponds;
134 Soil Survey of

grassed waterways and surface drains; terraces and

diversions; and tile drains and underground outlets.

The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating

class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are

limited by all of the soil features that affect these uses.

Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are

very favorable for the specified use. Good

performance and very low maintenance can be

expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has

features that are moderately favorable for the specified

use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by

special planning, design, or installation. Fair

performance and moderate maintenance can be

expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one

or more features that are unfavorable for the specified

use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Pond reservoir areas hold water behind a dam or

embankment. Soils best suited to this use have low

seepage potential in the upper 60 inches. The

seepage potential is determined by the permeability of

the soil and the depth to fractured bedrock or other

permeable material. Excessive slope can affect the

storage capacity of the reservoir area.

Embankments, dikes, and levees are raised

structures of soil material, generally less than 20 feet

high, constructed to impound water or to protect land

against overflow. Embankments that have zoned

construction (core and shell) are not considered. In

table 18a, the soils are rated as a source of material

for embankment fill. The ratings apply to the soil

material below the surface layer to a depth of about 5

feet. It is assumed that soil layers will be uniformly

mixed and compacted during construction.

The ratings do not indicate the ability of the natural

soil to support an embankment. Soil properties to a

depth even greater than the height of the embankment

can affect performance and safety of the embankment.

Generally, deeper onsite investigation is needed to

determine these properties.

Soil material in embankments must be resistant to

seepage, piping, and erosion and have favorable

compaction characteristics. Unfavorable features

include less than 5 feet of suitable material and a high

content of stones or boulders, organic matter, or salts

or sodium. A high water table affects the amount of

usable material. It also affects trafficability.

Aquifer-fed excavated ponds are pits or dugouts

that extend to a ground-water aquifer or to a depth

below a permanent water table. Excluded are ponds

that are fed only by surface runoff and embankment

ponds that impound water 3 feet or more above the

original surface. Excavated ponds are affected by

depth to a permanent water table, permeability of the

aquifer, and quality of the water as inferred from the

salinity of the soil. Depth to bedrock and the content of

large stones affect the ease of excavation.

Grassed waterways and surface drains are natural

or constructed channels, generally broad and shallow,

that conduct surface water to outlets at a nonerosive

velocity. Large stones, wetness, slope, and depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan affect the construction of

grassed waterways. A hazard of wind erosion, low

available water capacity, restricted rooting depth, toxic

substances such as salts and sodium, and restricted

permeability adversely affect the growth and

maintenance of the grass after construction.

Terraces and diversions are embankments or a

combination of channels and ridges constructed

across a slope to control erosion and conserve

moisture by intercepting runoff. Slope, wetness, large

stones, and depth to bedrock or a cemented pan affect

the construction of terraces and diversions. A

restricted rooting depth, a severe hazard of wind

erosion or water erosion, an excessively coarse

texture, and restricted permeability adversely affect

maintenance.

Tile drains and underground outlets remove excess

surface and subsurface water from the soil. How easily

and effectively the soil is drained depends on the

depth to bedrock or other layers that affect the rate of

water movement; permeability; depth to a high water

table or depth of standing water if the soil is subject to

ponding; slope; susceptibility to flooding; subsidence of

organic layers; and the potential for frost action.

Excavating and grading and the stability of ditchbanks

are affected by depth to bedrock, large stones, slope,

and the hazard of cutbanks caving. The productivity of

the soil after drainage is adversely affected by extreme

acidity or by toxic substances in the root zone, such as

salts, sodium, and sulfur.

Waste Management

Soil properties are important when organic waste is

applied as fertilizer and wastewater is applied in

irrigated areas. They also are important when the soil
Christian County, Illinois 135

is used as a medium for the treatment and disposal of

the organic waste and wastewater. Unfavorable soil

properties can result in environmental damage.

The use of organic waste and wastewater as

production resources results in energy and resource

conservation and minimizes the problems associated

with waste disposal. If disposal is the goal, applying a

maximum amount of the organic waste or the

wastewater to a minimal area holds costs to a

minimum and environmental damage is the main

hazard. If reuse is the goal, a minimum amount should

be applied to a maximum area and environmental

damage is unlikely.

Interpretations developed for waste management

may include ratings for manure, food-processing

waste, municipal sewage sludge, use of wastewater

for irrigation, and treatment of wastewater by slow

rate, overland flow, and rapid infiltration processes.

Specific information regarding waste management

is available at the local office of the Natural Resources

Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension

Service.

137

Data relating to soil properties are collected during

the course of the soil survey.

Soil properties are ascertained by field examination

of the soils and by laboratory index testing of some

benchmark soils. Established standard procedures are

followed. During the survey, many shallow borings are

made and examined to identify and classify the soils

and to delineate them on the soil maps. Samples are

taken from some typical profiles and tested in the

laboratory to determine particle-size distribution,

plasticity, and compaction characteristics.

Estimates of soil properties are based on field

examinations, on laboratory tests of samples from the

survey area, and on laboratory tests of samples of

similar soils in nearby areas. Tests verify field

observations, verify properties that cannot be

estimated accurately by field observation, and help to

characterize key soils.

The estimates of soil properties are shown in

tables. They include engineering index properties,

physical and chemical properties, and pertinent soil

and water features.

Engineering Index Properties

Table 19 gives the engineering classifications and

the range of index properties for the layers of each soil

in the survey area.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Texture is given in the standard terms used by the

U.S. Department of Agriculture. These terms are

defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and

clay in the fraction of the soil that is less than 2

millimeters in diameter (fig. 6). “Loam,” for example, is

soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt,

and less than 52 percent sand. If the content of

particles coarser than sand is 15 percent or more, an

appropriate modifier is added, for example, “gravelly.”

Textural terms are defined in the Glossary.

Classification of the soils is determined according to

the Unified soil classification system (ASTM, 2001)

and the system adopted by the American Association

of State Highway and Transportation Officials

(AASHTO, 2000).

The Unified system classifies soils according to

properties that affect their use as construction

material. Soils are classified according to particle-size

distribution of the fraction less than 3 inches in

diameter and according to plasticity index, liquid limit,

and organic matter content. Sandy and gravelly soils

are identified as GW, GP, GM, GC, SW, SP, SM, and

SC; silty and clayey soils as ML, CL, OL, MH, CH, and

OH; and highly organic soils as PT. Soils exhibiting

engineering properties of two groups can have a dual

classification, for example, CL-ML.

The AASHTO system classifies soils according to

those properties that affect roadway construction and

maintenance. In this system, the fraction of a mineral

soil that is less than 3 inches in diameter is classified

in one of seven groups from A-1 through A-7 on the

basis of particle-size distribution, liquid limit, and

Soil Properties

Figure 6.—Percentages of clay, silt, and sand in the basic

USDA soil texture classes.
138 Soil Survey of

plasticity index. Soils in group A-1 are coarse grained

and low in content of fines (silt and clay). At the other

extreme, soils in group A-7 are fine grained. Highly

organic soils are classified in group A-8 on the basis of

visual inspection.

If laboratory data are available, the A-1, A-2, and A7 groups are further classified as A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4,

A-2-5, A-2-6, A-2-7, A-7-5, or A-7-6. As an additional

refinement, the suitability of a soil as subgrade

material can be indicated by a group index number.

Group index numbers range from 0 for the best

subgrade material to 20 or higher for the poorest.

Rock fragments larger than 10 inches in diameter

and 3 to 10 inches in diameter are indicated as a

percentage of the total soil on a dry-weight basis. The

percentages are estimates determined mainly by

converting volume percentage in the field to weight

percentage.

Percentage (of soil particles) passing designated

sieves is the percentage of the soil fraction less than 3

inches in diameter based on an ovendry weight. The

sieves, numbers 4, 10, 40, and 200 (USA Standard

Series), have openings of 4.76, 2.00, 0.420, and 0.074

millimeters, respectively. Estimates are based on

laboratory tests of soils sampled in the survey area

and in nearby areas and on estimates made in the field.

Liquid limit and plasticity index (Atterberg limits)

indicate the plasticity characteristics of a soil. The

estimates are based on test data from the survey area

or from nearby areas and on field examination.

The estimates of particle-size distribution, liquid

limit, and plasticity index are generally rounded to the

nearest 5 percent. Thus, if the ranges of gradation and

Atterberg limits extend a marginal amount (1 or 2

percentage points) across classification boundaries,

the classification in the marginal zone is generally

omitted in the table.

Physical Properties

Table 20 shows estimates of some physical

characteristics and features that affect soil behavior.

These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in

the survey area. The estimates are based on field

observations and on test data for these and similar

soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil

particle as measured by sedimentation, sieving, or

micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as

classes with specific effective diameter class limits.

The broad classes are sand, silt, and clay, ranging

from the larger to the smaller.

Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil

particles that are 0.05 millimeter to 2 millimeters in

diameter. In table 20, the estimated sand content of

each soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of

the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil

particles that are 0.002 to 0.05 millimeter in diameter.

In table 20, the estimated silt content of each soil layer

is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil

material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter.

Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil

particles that are less than 0.002 millimeter in

diameter. In table 20, the estimated clay content of

each soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of

the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

The content of sand, silt, and clay affects the

physical behavior of a soil. Particle size is important for

engineering and agronomic interpretations, for

determination of soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil

classification.

The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and

physical condition of the soil and the ability of the soil

to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They

influence shrink-swell potential, permeability, plasticity,

the ease of soil dispersion, and other soil properties.

The amount and kind of clay in a soil also affect tillage

and earthmoving operations.

Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per

unit volume. Volume is measured when the soil is at

field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content at

1

/3- or 1/10-bar (33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension.

Weight is determined after the soil is dried at 105

degrees C. In table 20, the estimated moist bulk

density of each soil horizon is expressed in grams per

cubic centimeter of soil material that is less than 2

millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to

compute shrink-swell potential, available water

capacity, total pore space, and other soil properties.

The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore

space available for water and roots. Depending on soil

texture, a bulk density of more than 1.4 can restrict

water storage and root penetration. Moist bulk density

is influenced by texture, kind of clay, content of organic

matter, and soil structure.

Permeability (Ksat ) refers to the ability of a soil to

transmit water or air. The term “permeability,” as used

in soil surveys, indicates saturated hydraulic

conductivity (Ksat ). The estimates in table 20 indicate

the rate of water movement, in inches per hour, when

the soil is saturated. They are based on soil

characteristics observed in the field, particularly

structure, porosity, and texture. Permeability is
Christian County, Illinois 139

considered in the design of soil drainage systems and

septic tank absorption fields.

Available water capacity refers to the quantity of

water that the soil is capable of storing for use by

plants. The capacity for water storage is given in

inches of water per inch of soil for each soil layer. The

capacity varies, depending on soil properties that

affect retention of water. The most important

properties are the content of organic matter, soil

texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available water

capacity is an important factor in the choice of plants

or crops to be grown and in the design and

management of irrigation systems. Available water

capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of water

actually available to plants at any given time.

Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of

an unconfined clod as moisture content is decreased

from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the

volume change between the water content of the clod

at 1/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension) and

oven dryness. The volume change is reported in table

20 as percent change for the whole soil. Volume

change is influenced by the amount and type of clay

minerals in the soil.

Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrinkswell potential of soils. The shrink-swell potential is low

if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3

percent; moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9

percent; and very high if more than 9 percent. If the

linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and

swelling can cause damage to buildings, roads, and

other structures and to plant roots. Special design

commonly is needed.

Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in

the soil at various stages of decomposition. In table

20, the estimated content of organic matter is

expressed as a percentage, by weight, of the soil

material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter.

The content of organic matter in a soil can be

maintained by returning crop residue to the soil.

Organic matter has a positive effect on available water

capacity, water infiltration, soil organism activity, and

tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for

crops and soil organisms.

Erosion factors are shown in table 20 as the K

factor (Kw and Kf) and the T factor. Erosion factor K

indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill

erosion by water. Factor K is one of several factors

used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and

the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to

predict the average annual rate of soil loss by sheet

and rill erosion in tons per acre per year. The

estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt,

sand, and organic matter and on soil structure and

permeability. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69.

Other factors being equal, the higher the value, the

more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion by

water.

Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the

whole soil. The estimates are modified by the

presence of rock fragments.

Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fineearth fraction, or the material less than 2 millimeters in

size.

Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum

average annual rate of soil erosion by wind or water

that can occur without affecting crop productivity over

a sustained period. The rate is in tons per acre per year.

Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that

have similar properties affecting their susceptibility to

wind erosion in cultivated areas. The soils assigned to

group 1 are the most susceptible to wind erosion, and

those assigned to group 8 are the least susceptible.

The groups are described in the “National Soil Survey

Handbook” (USDA, NRCS).

Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating

the susceptibility of soil to wind erosion, or the tons

per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to

wind erosion. There is a close correlation between

wind erosion and the texture of the surface layer, the

size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments,

organic matter, and a calcareous reaction. Soil

moisture and frozen soil layers also influence wind

erosion.

Chemical Properties

Table 21 shows estimates of some chemical

characteristics and features that affect soil behavior.

These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in

the survey area. The estimates are based on field

observations and on test data for these and similar

soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Cation-exchange capacity is the total amount of

extractable bases that can be held by the soil,

expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100 grams

of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH

value. Soils having a low cation-exchange capacity

hold fewer cations and may require more frequent

applications of fertilizer than soils having a high cationexchange capacity. The ability to retain cations

reduces the hazard of ground-water pollution.

Soil reaction is a measure of acidity or alkalinity.

The pH of each soil horizon is based on many field

tests. For many soils, values have been verified by

laboratory analyses. Soil reaction is important in
140 Soil Survey of

selecting crops and other plants, in evaluating soil

amendments for fertility and stabilization, and in

determining the risk of corrosion.

Calcium carbonate equivalent is the percent of

carbonates, by weight, in the fraction of the soil less

than 2 millimeters in size. The availability of plant

nutrients is influenced by the amount of carbonates in

the soil. Incorporating nitrogen fertilizer into calcareous

soils helps to prevent nitrite accumulation and

ammonium-N volatilization.

Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) is a measure of the

amount of sodium (Na) relative to calcium (Ca) and

magnesium (Mg) in the water extract from saturated

soil paste. It is the ratio of the Na concentration divided

by the square root of one-half of the Ca + Mg

concentration. Soils that have SAR values of 13 or

more may be characterized by an increased

dispersion of organic matter and clay particles,

reduced permeability and aeration, and a general

degradation of soil structure.

Water Features

Table 22 gives estimates of various water features.

The estimates are used in land use planning that

involves engineering considerations.

Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of

runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four

groups according to the rate of water infiltration when

the soils are not protected by vegetation, are

thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from longduration storms.

The four hydrologic soil groups are:

Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low

runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist

mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained

sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate

of water transmission.

Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate

when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of

moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or

well drained soils that have moderately fine texture to

moderately coarse texture. These soils have a

moderate rate of water transmission.

Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when

thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a

layer that impedes the downward movement of water

or soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture.

These soils have a slow rate of water transmission.

Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate

(high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These

consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell

potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that

have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface,

and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious

material. These soils have a very slow rate of water

transmission.

If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D,

B/D, or C/D), the first letter is for drained areas and the

second is for undrained areas.

The months in table 22 indicate the portion of the

year in which the feature is most likely to be a

concern.

Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil.

Table 22 indicates, by month, depth to the top (upper

limit) and base (lower limit) of the saturated zone in

most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits

are based mainly on observations of the water table at

selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone,

namely grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic

features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for

less than a month is not considered a water table.

Ponding is standing water in a closed depression.

Unless a drainage system is installed, the water is

removed only by percolation, transpiration, or

evaporation. Table 22 indicates surface water depth

and the duration and frequency of ponding. Duration is

expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to

7 days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than

30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, rare,

occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is

not probable; rare that it is unlikely but possible under

unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is

nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional

that it occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years

(the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year);

and frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than

once in 2 years (the chance of ponding is more than

50 percent in any year).

Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area

caused by overflowing streams, by runoff from

adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short

periods after rainfall or snowmelt is not considered

flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes

is considered ponding rather than flooding.

Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is

expressed as extremely brief if 0.1 hour to 4 hours,

very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long

if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days.

Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare,

occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means

that flooding is not probable; very rare that it is very

unlikely but possible under extremely unusual weather

conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1

percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but possible

under unusual weather conditions (the chance of

flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that

it occurs infrequently under normal weather conditions
Christian County, Illinois 141

(the chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year);

frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal

weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more

than 50 percent in any year but is less than 50 percent

in all months in any year); and very frequent that it is

likely to occur very often under normal weather

conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50

percent in all months of any year).

The information is based on evidence in the soil

profile, namely thin strata of gravel, sand, silt, or clay

deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic

matter content with increasing depth; and little or no

horizon development.

Also considered are local information about the

extent and levels of flooding and the relation of each

soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on

the extent of flooding based on soil data is less

specific than that provided by detailed engineering

surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific

flood frequency levels.

Soil Features

Table 23 gives estimates of soil features. The

estimates are used in land use planning that involves

engineering considerations.

Potential for frost action is the likelihood of upward

or lateral expansion of the soil caused by the formation

of segregated ice lenses (frost heave) and the

subsequent collapse of the soil and loss of strength on

thawing. Frost action occurs when moisture moves

into the freezing zone of the soil. Temperature, texture,

density, permeability, content of organic matter, and

depth to the water table are the most important factors

considered in evaluating the potential for frost action. It

is assumed that the soil is not insulated by vegetation

or snow and is not artificially drained. Silty and highly

structured, clayey soils that have a high water table in

winter are the most susceptible to frost action. Well

drained, very gravelly, or very sandy soils are the least

susceptible. Frost heave and low soil strength during

thawing cause damage to pavements and other rigid

structures.

Risk of corrosion pertains to potential soil-induced

electrochemical or chemical action that corrodes or

weakens uncoated steel or concrete. The rate of

corrosion of uncoated steel is related to such factors

as soil moisture, particle-size distribution, acidity, and

electrical conductivity of the soil. The rate of corrosion

of concrete is based mainly on the sulfate and sodium

content, texture, moisture content, and acidity of the

soil. Special site examination and design may be

needed if the combination of factors results in a severe

hazard of corrosion. The steel or concrete in

installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers

is more susceptible to corrosion than the steel or

concrete in installations that are entirely within one

kind of soil or within one soil layer.

For uncoated steel, the risk of corrosion, expressed

as low, moderate, or high, is based on soil drainage

class, total acidity, electrical resistivity near field

capacity, and electrical conductivity of the saturation

extract.

For concrete, the risk of corrosion also is expressed

as low, moderate, or high. It is based on soil texture,

acidity, and amount of sulfates in the saturation extract.

143

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2000.

Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and

testing. 20th edition, 2 volumes.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2001. Standard classification of

soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D 2487-00.

Berning, Gerald V. 1994. Soil survey of Christian County, Illinois. United States

Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service.

Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands

and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS79/31.

Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.

Federal Register. February 24, 1995. Hydric soils of the United States.

Fehrenbacher, J.B., R.A. Pope, I.J. Jansen, J.D. Alexander, and B.W. Ray. 1978. Soil

productivity in Illinois. University of Illinois, College of Agriculture, Cooperative

Extension Service Circular 1156.

Gardner, Thelma B., Dorothy D. Drennan, and Helen B. Broverman, editors. 1968.

Illinois sesquicentennial edition of Christian County history. (Originally published in

1880)

Hudson, Berman D. 1992. The soil survey as paradigm-based science. Soil Science

Society of America Journal 56(3): 836-41.

Hurt, G.W., P.M. Whited, and R.F. Pringle, editors. Version 4.0, 1998. Field indicators of

hydric soils in the United States.

Iverson L.R., R.L. Oliver, D.P. Tucker, P.G. Risser, C.D. Burnett, and R.G. Rayburn. 1989.

The forest resources of Illinois: An atlas and analysis of spatial and temporal trends.

Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 11.

Jenny, Hans. 1941. Factors of soil formation.

National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.

Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S.

Department of Agriculture Handbook 18.

References
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Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making

and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service.

U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436.

Swegman, John. 1979. The natural divisions of Illinois, land cover of Illinois. Illinois

Department of Natural Resources, Forestry Division.

Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and

Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands

Section.

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of

Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical

Report Y-87-1.

United States Census Bureau. 2002. 2000 Census of population and housing. Available

online at http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/BasicFactsServlet (March 2002).

United States Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service. 1997.

1997 Census of agriculture. (Reports available online at http://www.nass.usda.gov/

census/)

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. (http://soils.usda.gov/technical/handbook/)

United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land

capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210.

United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1981. Land

resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States. U.S. Department

of Agriculture Handbook 296. Map revised in 2004.

Willman, H.B, and J.C. Fry. 1970. Pleistocene stratigraphy of Illinois. Illinois Geological

Survey Bulletin 94.
145

ABC soil. A soil having an A, a B, and a C horizon.

Ablation till. Loose, permeable till deposited during

the final downwasting of glacial ice. Lenses of

crudely sorted sand and gravel are common.

AC soil. A soil having only an A and a C horizon.

Commonly, such soil formed in recent alluvium or

on steep, rocky slopes.

Aeration, soil. The exchange of air in soil with air from

the atmosphere. The air in a well aerated soil is

similar to that in the atmosphere; the air in a

poorly aerated soil is considerably higher in

carbon dioxide and lower in oxygen.

Aggregate, soil. Many fine particles held in a single

mass or cluster. Natural soil aggregates, such as

granules, blocks, or prisms, are called peds. Clods

are aggregates produced by tillage or logging.

Alkali (sodic) soil. A soil having so high a degree of

alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or so high a

percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent

or more of the total exchangeable bases), or both,

that plant growth is restricted.

Alluvial fan. The fanlike deposit of a stream where it

issues from a gorge upon a plain or of a tributary

stream near or at its junction with its main stream.

Alluvium. Material, such as sand, silt, or clay,

deposited on land by streams.

Alpha,alpha-dipyridyl. A dye that when dissolved in

1N ammonium acetate is used to detect the

presence of reduced iron (Fe II) in the soil. A

positive reaction indicates a type of redoximorphic

feature.

Animal unit month (AUM). The amount of forage

required by one mature cow of approximately

1,000 pounds weight, with or without a calf, for 1

month.

Aquic conditions. Current soil wetness characterized

by saturation, reduction, and redoximorphic

features.

Argillic horizon. A subsoil horizon characterized by

an accumulation of illuvial clay.

Aspect. The direction in which a slope faces.

Available water capacity (available moisture

capacity). The capacity of soils to hold water

available for use by most plants. It is commonly

defined as the difference between the amount of

soil water at field moisture capacity and the

amount at wilting point. It is commonly expressed

as inches of water per inch of soil. The capacity, in

inches, in a 60-inch profile or to a limiting layer is

expressed as:

Very low ............................................................ 0 to 3

Low ................................................................... 3 to 6

Moderate .......................................................... 6 to 9

High ................................................................ 9 to 12

Very high .............................................. more than 12

Backslope. The position that forms the steepest and

generally linear, middle portion of a hillslope. In

profile, backslopes are commonly bounded by a

convex shoulder above and a concave footslope

below.

Basal till. Compact glacial till deposited beneath the

ice.

Base saturation. The degree to which material having

cation-exchange properties is saturated with

exchangeable bases (sum of Ca, Mg, Na, and K),

expressed as a percentage of the total cationexchange capacity.

Base slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of the concave to linear (perpendicular

to the contour) slope that, regardless of the lateral

shape, forms an apron or wedge at the bottom of

a hillside dominated by colluvium and slope-wash

sediments (for example, slope alluvium).

Bedding planes. Fine strata, less than 5 millimeters

thick, in unconsolidated alluvial, eolian, lacustrine,

or marine sediment.

Bedrock. The solid rock that underlies the soil and

other unconsolidated material or that is exposed at

the surface.

Bench terrace. A raised, level or nearly level strip of

earth constructed on or nearly on the contour,

supported by a barrier of rocks or similar material,

and designed to make the soil suitable for tillage

and to prevent accelerated erosion

Bisequum. Two sequences of soil horizons, each of

which consists of an illuvial horizon and the

overlying eluvial horizons.

Blowout. A shallow depression from which all or most

of the soil material has been removed by the wind.

Glossary
146 Soil Survey of

A blowout has a flat or irregular floor formed by a

resistant layer or by an accumulation of pebbles or

cobbles. In some blowouts the water table is

exposed.

Bottomland. The normal flood plain of a stream,

subject to flooding.

Boulders. Rock fragments larger than 2 feet (60

centimeters) in diameter.

Brush management. Use of mechanical, chemical, or

biological methods to make conditions favorable

for reseeding or to reduce or eliminate competition

from woody vegetation and thus allow understory

grasses and forbs to recover. Brush management

increases forage production and thus reduces the

hazard of erosion. It can improve the habitat for

some species of wildlife.

Calcareous soil. A soil containing enough calcium

carbonate (commonly combined with magnesium

carbonate) to effervesce visibly when treated with

cold, dilute hydrochloric acid.

Capillary water. Water held as a film around soil

particles and in tiny spaces between particles.

Surface tension is the adhesive force that holds

capillary water in the soil.

Catena. A sequence, or “chain,” of soils on a

landscape that formed in similar kinds of parent

material but have different characteristics as a

result of differences in relief and drainage.

Cation. An ion carrying a positive charge of electricity.

The common soil cations are calcium, potassium,

magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen.

Cation-exchange capacity. The total amount of

exchangeable cations that can be held by the soil,

expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100

grams of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some

other stated pH value. The term, as applied to

soils, is synonymous with base-exchange capacity

but is more precise in meaning.

Chemical treatment. Control of unwanted vegetation

through the use of chemicals.

Chiseling. Tillage with an implement having one or

more soil-penetrating points that shatter or loosen

hard, compacted layers to a depth below normal

plow depth.

Clay. As a soil separate, the mineral soil particles less

than 0.002 millimeter in diameter. As a soil textural

class, soil material that is 40 percent or more clay,

less than 45 percent sand, and less than 40

percent silt.

Clay depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low

content of iron, manganese, and clay because of

the chemical reduction of iron and manganese

and the removal of iron, manganese, and clay. A

type of redoximorphic depletion.

Clay film. A thin coating of oriented clay on the

surface of a soil aggregate or lining pores or root

channels. Synonyms: clay coating, clay skin.

Climax plant community. The stabilized plant

community on a particular site. The plant cover

reproduces itself and does not change so long as

the environment remains the same.

Coarse textured soil. Sand or loamy sand.

Cobble (or cobblestone). A rounded or partly

rounded fragment of rock 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25

centimeters) in diameter.

Cobbly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35

percent, by volume, rounded or partially rounded

rock fragments 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25

centimeters) in diameter. Very cobbly soil material

has 35 to 60 percent of these rock fragments, and

extremely cobbly soil material has more than 60

percent.

COLE (coefficient of linear extensibility). See

Linear extensibility.

Colluvium. Soil material or rock fragments, or both,

moved by creep, slide, or local wash and

deposited at the base of steep slopes.

Complex slope. Irregular or variable slope. Planning

or establishing terraces, diversions, and other

water-control structures on a complex slope is

difficult.

Complex, soil. A map unit of two or more kinds of soil

or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern

or so small in area that it is not practical to map

them separately at the selected scale of mapping.

The pattern and proportion of the soils or

miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all

areas.

Concretions. Cemented bodies with crude internal

symmetry organized around a point, a line, or a

plane. They typically take the form of concentric

layers visible to the naked eye. Calcium carbonate,

iron oxide, and manganese oxide are common

compounds making up concretions. If formed in

place, concretions of iron oxide or manganese

oxide are generally considered a type of

redoximorphic concentration.

Conservation cropping system. Growing crops in

combination with needed cultural and

management practices. In a good conservation

cropping system, the soil-improving crops and

practices more than offset the effects of the soildepleting crops and practices. Cropping systems

are needed on all tilled soils. Soil-improving

practices in a conservation cropping system

include the use of rotations that contain grasses

and legumes and the return of crop residue to the

soil. Other practices include the use of green
Christian County, Illinois 147

manure crops of grasses and legumes, proper

tillage, adequate fertilization, and weed and pest

control.

Conservation tillage. A tillage system that does not

invert the soil and that leaves a protective amount

of crop residue on the surface throughout the

year.

Consistence, soil. Refers to the degree of cohesion

and adhesion of soil material and its resistance to

deformation when ruptured. Consistence includes

resistance of soil material to rupture and to

penetration; plasticity, toughness, and stickiness of

puddled soil material; and the manner in which the

soil material behaves when subject to

compression. Terms describing consistence are

defined in the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Control section. The part of the soil on which

classification is based. The thickness varies

among different kinds of soil, but for many it is that

part of the soil profile between depths of 10 inches

and 40 or 80 inches.

Corrosion. Soil-induced electrochemical or chemical

action that dissolves or weakens concrete or

uncoated steel.

Cover crop. A close-growing crop grown primarily

to improve and protect the soil between periods

of regular crop production, or a crop grown

between trees and vines in orchards and

vineyards.

Crop residue management. Returning crop residue

to the soil, which helps to maintain soil structure,

organic matter content, and fertility and helps to

control erosion.

Cropping system. Growing crops according to a

planned system of rotation and management

practices.

Culmination of the mean annual increment (CMAI).

The average annual increase per acre in the

volume of a stand. Computed by dividing the total

volume of the stand by its age. As the stand

increases in age, the mean annual increment

continues to increase until mortality begins to

reduce the rate of increase. The point where the

stand reaches its maximum annual rate of growth

is called the culmination of the mean annual

increment.

Cutbanks cave (in tables). The walls of excavations

tend to cave in or slough.

Deferred grazing. Postponing grazing or resting

grazing land for a prescribed period.

Depression. A relatively sunken, low area surrounded

by higher ground. Unlike an open depression, a

closed depression has no natural outlet for surface

water.

Depth, soil. Generally, the thickness of the soil over

bedrock. Very deep soils are more than 60 inches

deep over bedrock; deep soils, 40 to 60 inches;

moderately deep, 20 to 40 inches; shallow, 10 to

20 inches; and very shallow, less than 10 inches.

Diversion (or diversion terrace). A ridge of earth,

generally a terrace, built to protect downslope

areas by diverting runoff from its natural course.

Drainage class (natural). Refers to the frequency and

duration of wet periods under conditions similar to

those under which the soil formed. Alterations of

the water regime by human activities, either

through drainage or irrigation, are not a

consideration unless they have significantly

changed the morphology of the soil. Seven

classes of natural soil drainage are recognized—

excessively drained, somewhat excessively

drained, well drained, moderately well drained,

somewhat poorly drained, poorly drained, and

very poorly drained. These classes are defined in

the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Drainage, surface. Runoff, or surface flow of water,

from an area.

Drainageway. A relatively small, linear depression that

at some time moves concentrated water and

either has no defined channel or has a small

defined channel.

Eluviation. The movement of material in true solution

or colloidal suspension from one place to another

within the soil. Soil horizons that have lost material

through eluviation are eluvial; those that have

received material are illuvial.

End moraine. A ridgelike accumulation produced at

the outer margin of an actively flowing glacier at

any given time.

Endosaturation. A type of saturation of the soil in

which all horizons between the upper boundary of

saturation and a depth of 2 meters are saturated.

Eolian soil material. Earthy parent material

accumulated through wind action; commonly

refers to sandy material in dunes or to loess in

blankets on the surface.

Ephemeral stream. A stream, or reach of a stream,

that flows only in direct response to precipitation. It

receives no long-continued supply from melting

snow or other source, and its channel is above the

water table at all times.

Episaturation. A type of saturation indicating a

perched water table in a soil in which saturated

layers are underlain by one or more unsaturated

layers within 2 meters of the surface.

Erosion. The wearing away of the land surface by

water, wind, ice, or other geologic agents and by

such processes as gravitational creep.
148 Soil Survey of

Erosion (geologic). Erosion caused by geologic

processes acting over long geologic periods and

resulting in the wearing away of mountains and

the building up of such landscape features as

flood plains and coastal plains. Synonym: natural

erosion.

Erosion (accelerated). Erosion much more rapid

than geologic erosion, mainly as a result of human

or animal activities or of a catastrophe in nature,

such as a fire, that exposes the surface.

Escarpment. A relatively continuous and steep slope

or cliff breaking the general continuity of more

gently sloping land surfaces and resulting from

erosion or faulting. Synonym: scarp.

Fan terrace. A relict alluvial fan, no longer a site of

active deposition, incised by younger and lower

alluvial surfaces.

Fertility, soil. The quality that enables a soil to provide

plant nutrients, in adequate amounts and in proper

balance, for the growth of specified plants when

light, moisture, temperature, tilth, and other growth

factors are favorable.

Field moisture capacity. The moisture content of a

soil, expressed as a percentage of the ovendry

weight, after the gravitational, or free, water has

drained away; the field moisture content 2 or 3

days after a soaking rain; also called normal field

capacity, normal moisture capacity, or capillary

capacity.

Fine textured soil. Sandy clay, silty clay, or clay.

First bottom. The normal flood plain of a stream,

subject to frequent or occasional flooding.

Flood plain. A nearly level alluvial plain that borders a

stream and is subject to flooding unless protected

artificially.

Footslope. The position that forms the inner, gently

inclined surface at the base of a hillslope. In

profile, footslopes are commonly concave. A

footslope is a transition zone between upslope

sites of erosion and transport (shoulders and

backslopes) and downslope sites of deposition

(toeslopes).

Forb. Any herbaceous plant not a grass or a sedge.

Forest cover. All trees and other woody plants

(underbrush) covering the ground in a forest.

Forest habitat type. An association of dominant tree

and ground flora species in a climax community.

Forest type. A stand of trees similar in composition

and development because of given physical and

biological factors by which it may be differentiated

from other stands.

Genesis, soil. The mode of origin of the soil. Refers

especially to the processes or soil-forming factors

responsible for the formation of the solum, or true

soil, from the unconsolidated parent material.

Geomorphology. The science that treats the general

configuration of the earth’s surface; specifically,

the study of the classification, description, nature,

origin, and development of landforms and their

relationships to underlying structures and the

history of geologic changes as recorded by these

surface features. The term is especially applied to

the genetic interpretation of landforms.

Glacial drift. Pulverized and other rock material

transported by glacial ice and then deposited.

Also, the sorted and unsorted material deposited

by streams flowing from glaciers.

Glacial outwash. Gravel, sand, and silt, commonly

stratified, deposited by glacial meltwater.

Glacial till. Unsorted, nonstratified glacial drift

consisting of clay, silt, sand, and boulders

transported and deposited by glacial ice.

Glaciofluvial deposits. Material moved by glaciers

and subsequently sorted and deposited by

streams flowing from the melting ice. The deposits

are stratified and occur as kames, eskers, deltas,

and outwash plains.

Gleyed soil. Soil that formed under poor drainage,

resulting in the reduction of iron and other

elements in the profile and in gray colors.

Grassed waterway. A natural or constructed

waterway, typically broad and shallow, seeded to

grass as protection against erosion. Conducts

surface water away from cropland.

Gravel. Rounded or angular fragments of rock as

much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to 7.6

centimeters) in diameter. An individual piece is a

pebble.

Gravelly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35

percent, by volume, rounded or angular rock

fragments, not prominently flattened, as much as

3 inches (7.6 centimeters) in diameter.

Green manure crop (agronomy). A soil-improving

crop grown to be plowed under in an early stage

of maturity or soon after maturity.

Ground moraine. An extensive, fairly even layer of till

having an uneven or undulating surface; a deposit

of rock and mineral debris dragged along in, on, or

beneath a glacier.

Ground water. Water filling all the unblocked pores of

the material below the water table.

Gully. A miniature valley with steep sides cut by

running water and through which water ordinarily

runs only after rainfall. The distinction between a

gully and a rill is one of depth. A gully generally is

an obstacle to farm machinery and is too deep to
Christian County, Illinois 149

be obliterated by ordinary tillage; a rill is of lesser

depth and can be smoothed over by ordinary

tillage.

Hard bedrock. Bedrock that cannot be excavated

except by blasting or by the use of special

equipment that is not commonly used in

construction.

Hard to reclaim (in tables). Reclamation is difficult

after the removal of soil for construction and other

uses. Revegetation and erosion control are

extremely difficult.

Head slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of a laterally concave area of a hillside,

especially at the head of a drainageway. The

overland waterflow is converging.

High-chroma zones. Zones having a chroma of 3 or

more. Typical color in areas of iron concentrations.

High-residue crops. Such crops as small grain and

corn used for grain. If properly managed, residue

from these crops can be used to control erosion

until the next crop in the rotation is established.

These crops return large amounts of organic

matter to the soil.

Hill. A natural elevation of the land surface, rising as

much as 1,000 feet above surrounding lowlands,

commonly of limited summit area and having a

well defined outline; hillsides generally have

slopes of more than 15 percent. The distinction

between a hill and a mountain is arbitrary and is

dependent on local usage.

Horizon, soil. A layer of soil, approximately parallel to

the surface, having distinct characteristics

produced by soil-forming processes. In the

identification of soil horizons, an uppercase letter

represents the major horizons. Numbers or

lowercase letters that follow represent

subdivisions of the major horizons. An explanation

of the subdivisions is given in the “Soil Survey

Manual.” The major horizons of mineral soil are as

follows:

O horizon.—An organic layer of fresh and

decaying plant residue.

A horizon.—The mineral horizon at or near the

surface in which an accumulation of humified

organic matter is mixed with the mineral material.

Also, a plowed surface horizon, most of which was

originally part of a B horizon.

E horizon.—The mineral horizon in which the main

feature is loss of silicate clay, iron, aluminum, or

some combination of these.

B horizon.—The mineral horizon below an A

horizon. The B horizon is in part a layer of

transition from the overlying A to the underlying C

horizon. The B horizon also has distinctive

characteristics, such as (1) accumulation of clay,

sesquioxides, humus, or a combination of these;

(2) prismatic or blocky structure; (3) redder or

browner colors than those in the A horizon; or (4)

a combination of these.

C horizon.—The mineral horizon or layer,

excluding indurated bedrock, that is little affected

by soil-forming processes and does not have the

properties typical of the overlying soil material.

The material of a C horizon may be either like or

unlike that in which the solum formed. If the

material is known to differ from that in the solum,

an Arabic numeral, commonly a 2, precedes the

letter C.

Cr horizon.—Soft, consolidated bedrock beneath

the soil.

R layer.—Consolidated bedrock beneath the soil.

The bedrock commonly underlies a C horizon, but

it can be directly below an A or a B horizon.

Humus. The well decomposed, more or less stable

part of the organic matter in mineral soils.

Hydrologic soil groups. Refers to soils grouped

according to their runoff potential. The soil

properties that influence this potential are those

that affect the minimum rate of water infiltration on

a bare soil during periods after prolonged wetting

when the soil is not frozen. These properties are

depth to a seasonal high water table, the

infiltration rate and permeability after prolonged

wetting, and depth to a very slowly permeable

layer. The slope and the kind of plant cover are not

considered but are separate factors in predicting

runoff.

Illuviation. The movement of soil material from one

horizon to another in the soil profile. Generally,

material is removed from an upper horizon and

deposited in a lower horizon.

Impervious soil. A soil through which water, air, or

roots penetrate slowly or not at all. No soil is

absolutely impervious to air and water all the time.

Infiltration. The downward entry of water into the

immediate surface of soil or other material, as

contrasted with percolation, which is movement of

water through soil layers or material.

Infiltration rate. The rate at which water penetrates

the surface of the soil at any given instant, usually

expressed in inches per hour. The rate can be

limited by the infiltration capacity of the soil or the

rate at which water is applied at the surface.

Intake rate. The average rate of water entering the

soil under irrigation. Most soils have a fast initial

rate; the rate decreases with application time.

Therefore, intake rate for design purposes is not a

constant but is a variable depending on the net
150 Soil Survey of

irrigation application. The rate of water intake, in

inches per hour, is expressed as follows:

Less than 0.2 ............................................... very low

0.2 to 0.4 .............................................................. low

0.4 to 0.75 ......................................... moderately low

0.75 to 1.25 ................................................ moderate

1.25 to 1.75 ..................................... moderately high

1.75 to 2.5 .......................................................... high

More than 2.5 ............................................. very high

Interfluve. An elevated area between two

drainageways that sheds water to those

drainageways.

Intermittent stream. A stream, or reach of a stream,

that flows for prolonged periods only when it

receives ground-water discharge or long,

continued contributions from melting snow or other

surface and shallow subsurface sources.

Iron concentrations. High-chroma zones having a

high content of iron and manganese oxide

because of chemical oxidation and accumulation,

but having a clay content similar to that of the

adjacent matrix. A type of redoximorphic

concentration.

Iron depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low

content of iron and manganese oxide because of

chemical reduction and removal, but having a clay

content similar to that of the adjacent matrix. A

type of redoximorphic depletion.

Knoll. A small, low, rounded hill rising above adjacent

landforms.

Krotovinas. Irregular, tubular streaks in a soil horizon

that are created when tunnels made by a

burrowing animal are filled with material from

another horizon.

Ksat. Saturated hydraulic conductivity. (See

Permeability.)

Lamella. A thin (commonly less than 1 centimeter

thick), discontinuous or continuous, generally

horizontal layer of fine material (especially clay

and iron oxides) that has been pedogenically

concentrated (illuviated within a coarser textured

eluviated layer several centimeters to several

decimeters thick).

Landslide. The rapid downhill movement of a mass of

soil and loose rock, generally when wet or

saturated. The speed and distance of movement,

as well as the amount of soil and rock material,

vary greatly.

Large stones (in tables). Rock fragments 3 inches

(7.6 centimeters) or more across. Large stones

adversely affect the specified use of the soil.

Leaching. The removal of soluble material from soil or

other material by percolating water.

Linear extensibility. Refers to the change in length of

an unconfined clod as moisture content is

decreased from a moist to a dry state. Linear

extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell

potential of soils. It is an expression of the volume

change between the water content of the clod at 1

/

3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension) and

oven dryness. Volume change is influenced by the

amount and type of clay minerals in the soil. The

volume change is the percent change for the

whole soil. If it is expressed as a fraction, the

resulting value is COLE, coefficient of linear

extensibility.

Liquid limit. The moisture content at which the soil

passes from a plastic to a liquid state.

Loam. Soil material that is 7 to 27 percent clay

particles, 28 to 50 percent silt particles, and less

than 52 percent sand particles.

Loess. Fine grained material, dominantly of silt-sized

particles, deposited by wind.

Low strength. The soil is not strong enough to

support loads.

Low-chroma zones. Zones having chroma of 2 or

less. Typical color in areas of iron depletions.

Low-residue crops. Such crops as corn used for

silage, peas, beans, and potatoes. Residue from

these crops is not adequate to control erosion until

the next crop in the rotation is established. These

crops return little organic matter to the soil.

MAP. Mean annual precipitation, expressed in inches.

Masses. Concentrations of substances in the soil

matrix that do not have a clearly defined boundary

with the surrounding soil material and cannot be

removed as a discrete unit. Common compounds

making up masses are calcium carbonate,

gypsum or other soluble salts, iron oxide, and

manganese oxide. Masses consisting of iron oxide

or manganese oxide generally are considered a

type of redoximorphic concentration.

Mechanical treatment. Use of mechanical equipment

for seeding, brush management, and other

management practices.

Medium textured soil. Very fine sandy loam, loam,

silt loam, or silt.

Metamorphic rock. Rock of any origin altered in

mineralogical composition, chemical composition,

or structure by heat, pressure, and movement.

Nearly all such rocks are crystalline.

Mineral soil. Soil that is mainly mineral material and

low in organic material. Its bulk density is more

than that of organic soil.

Minimum tillage. Only the tillage essential to crop

production and prevention of soil damage.

Miscellaneous area. An area that has little or no

natural soil and supports little or no vegetation.
Christian County, Illinois 151

Moderately coarse textured soil. Coarse sandy

loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam.

Moderately fine textured soil. Clay loam, sandy clay

loam, or silty clay loam.

Mollic epipedon. A thick, dark, humus-rich surface

horizon (or horizons) that has high base saturation

and pedogenic soil structure. It may include the

upper part of the subsoil.

Moraine. An accumulation of earth, stones, and other

debris deposited by a glacier. Some types are

terminal, lateral, medial, and ground.

Morphology, soil. The physical makeup of the soil,

including the texture, structure, porosity,

consistence, color, and other physical, mineral,

and biological properties of the various horizons,

and the thickness and arrangement of those

horizons in the soil profile.

Mottling, soil. Irregular spots of different colors that

vary in number and size. Descriptive terms are as

follows: abundance—few, common, and many;

size—fine, medium, and coarse; and contrast—

faint, distinct, and prominent. The size

measurements are of the diameter along the

greatest dimension. Fine indicates less than 5

millimeters (about 0.2 inch); medium, from 5 to 15

millimeters (about 0.2 to 0.6 inch); and coarse,

more than 15 millimeters (about 0.6 inch).

Munsell notation. A designation of color by degrees

of three simple variables—hue, value, and

chroma. For example, a notation of 10YR 6/4 is a

color with hue of 10YR, value of 6, and chroma of

4.

Natric horizon. A special kind of argillic horizon that

contains enough exchangeable sodium to have an

adverse effect on the physical condition of the

subsoil.

Neutral soil. A soil having a pH value of 6.6 to 7.3.

(See Reaction, soil.)

Nodules. Cemented bodies lacking visible internal

structure. Calcium carbonate, iron oxide, and

manganese oxide are common compounds

making up nodules. If formed in place, nodules of

iron oxide or manganese oxide are considered

types of redoximorphic concentrations.

Nose slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of the projecting end (laterally convex

area) of a hillside. The overland waterflow is

predominantly divergent.

Nutrient, plant. Any element taken in by a plant

essential to its growth. Plant nutrients are mainly

nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium,

magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper,

boron, and zinc obtained from the soil and carbon,

hydrogen, and oxygen obtained from the air and

water.

Organic matter. Plant and animal residue in the soil in

various stages of decomposition. The content of

organic matter in the surface layer is described as

follows:

Very low ................................... less than 0.5 percent

Low ................................................ 0.5 to 1.0 percent

Moderately low .............................. 1.0 to 2.0 percent

Moderate ....................................... 2.0 to 4.0 percent

High ............................................... 4.0 to 8.0 percent

Very high ............................... more than 8.0 percent

Outwash plain. A landform of mainly sandy or coarse

textured material of glaciofluvial origin. An

outwash plain is commonly smooth; where pitted,

it generally is low in relief.

Parent material. The unconsolidated organic and

mineral material in which soil forms.

Ped. An individual natural soil aggregate, such as a

granule, a prism, or a block.

Pedisediment. A thin layer of alluvial material that

mantles an erosion surface and has been

transported to its present position from higher

lying areas of the erosion surface.

Pedon. The smallest volume that can be called “a soil.”

A pedon is three dimensional and large enough to

permit study of all horizons. Its area ranges from

about 10 to 100 square feet (1 square meter to 10

square meters), depending on the variability of the

soil.

Percolation. The movement of water through the soil.

Permeability. The quality of the soil that enables water

or air to move downward through the profile. The

rate at which a saturated soil transmits water is

accepted as a measure of this quality. In soil

physics, the rate is referred to as “saturated

hydraulic conductivity,” which is defined in the “Soil

Survey Manual.” In line with conventional usage in

the engineering profession and with traditional

usage in published soil surveys, this rate of flow

continues to be expressed as “permeability.” Terms

describing permeability, measured in inches per

hour, are as follows:

Impermeable ...........................less than 0.0015 inch

Very slow .................................... 0.0015 to 0.06 inch

Slow.................................................. 0.06 to 0.2 inch

Moderately slow ................................. 0.2 to 0.6 inch

Moderate ................................ 0.6 inch to 2.0 inches

Moderately rapid ............................ 2.0 to 6.0 inches

Rapid ............................................... 6.0 to 20 inches

Very rapid ................................. more than 20 inches

pH value. A numerical designation of acidity and

alkalinity in soil. (See Reaction, soil.)
152 Soil Survey of

Phase, soil. A subdivision of a soil series based on

features that affect its use and management, such

as slope, stoniness, and flooding.

Piping (in tables). Formation of subsurface tunnels

or pipelike cavities by water moving through the

soil.

Plasticity index. The numerical difference between

the liquid limit and the plastic limit; the range of

moisture content within which the soil remains

plastic.

Plastic limit. The moisture content at which a soil

changes from semisolid to plastic.

Plowpan. A compacted layer formed in the soil

directly below the plowed layer.

Ponding. Standing water on soils in closed

depressions. Unless the soils are artificially

drained, the water can be removed only by

percolation or evapotranspiration.

Poorly graded. Refers to a coarse grained soil or soil

material consisting mainly of particles of nearly

the same size. Because there is little difference in

size of the particles, density can be increased only

slightly by compaction.

Potential native plant community. See Climax plant

community.

Potential rooting depth (effective rooting depth).

Depth to which roots could penetrate if the content

of moisture in the soil were adequate. The soil has

no properties restricting the penetration of roots to

this depth.

Prescribed burning. Deliberately burning an area for

specific management purposes, under the

appropriate conditions of weather and soil

moisture and at the proper time of day.

Productivity, soil. The capability of a soil for

producing a specified plant or sequence of plants

under specific management.

Profile, soil. A vertical section of the soil extending

through all its horizons and into the parent

material.

Proper grazing use. Grazing at an intensity that

maintains enough cover to protect the soil and

maintain or improve the quantity and quality of the

desirable vegetation. This practice increases the

vigor and reproduction capacity of the key plants

and promotes the accumulation of litter and mulch

necessary to conserve soil and water.

Reaction, soil. A measure of acidity or alkalinity of a

soil, expressed in pH values. A soil that tests to pH

7.0 is described as precisely neutral in reaction

because it is neither acid nor alkaline. The

degrees of acidity or alkalinity, expressed as pH

values, are:

Ultra acid .............................................. less than 3.5

Extremely acid ........................................... 3.5 to 4.4

Very strongly acid ...................................... 4.5 to 5.0

Strongly acid .............................................. 5.1 to 5.5

Moderately acid .......................................... 5.6 to 6.0

Slightly acid ................................................ 6.1 to 6.5

Neutral ........................................................ 6.6 to 7.3

Slightly alkaline .......................................... 7.4 to 7.8

Moderately alkaline .................................... 7.9 to 8.4

Strongly alkaline ........................................ 8.5 to 9.0

Very strongly alkaline ......................... 9.1 and higher

Redoximorphic concentrations. Nodules,

concretions, soft masses, pore linings, and other

features resulting from the accumulation of iron or

manganese oxide. An indication of chemical

reduction and oxidation resulting from saturation.

Redoximorphic depletions. Low-chroma zones from

which iron and manganese oxide or a combination

of iron and manganese oxide and clay has been

removed. These zones are indications of the

chemical reduction of iron resulting from

saturation.

Redoximorphic features. Redoximorphic

concentrations, redoximorphic depletions, reduced

matrices, a positive reaction to alpha,alphadipyridyl, and other features indicating the

chemical reduction and oxidation of iron and

manganese compounds resulting from saturation.

Reduced matrix. A soil matrix that has low chroma in

situ because of chemically reduced iron (Fe II).

The chemical reduction results from nearly

continuous wetness. The matrix undergoes a

change in hue or chroma within 30 minutes after

exposure to air as the iron is oxidized (Fe III). A

type of redoximorphic feature.

Regolith. The unconsolidated mantle of weathered

rock and soil material on the earth’s surface; the

loose earth material above the solid rock.

Relief. The elevations or inequalities of a land surface,

considered collectively.

Residuum (residual soil material). Unconsolidated,

weathered or partly weathered mineral material

that accumulated as consolidated rock

disintegrated in place.

Rill. A steep-sided channel resulting from accelerated

erosion. A rill generally is a few inches deep and

not wide enough to be an obstacle to farm

machinery.

Rise. A slight increase in elevation of the land surface,

typically with a broad summit and gently sloping

sides.

Riser. The relatively short, steeply sloping area below

a terrace tread that grades to a lower terrace tread

or a base level.
Christian County, Illinois 153

Road cut. A sloping surface produced by mechanical

means during road construction. It is commonly on

the uphill side of the road.

Rock fragments. Rock or mineral fragments having a

diameter of 2 millimeters or more; for example,

pebbles, cobbles, stones, and boulders.

Rock outcrop. Exposures of bare bedrock other than

rock-lined pits.

Root zone. The part of the soil that can be penetrated

by plant roots.

Runoff. The precipitation discharged into stream

channels from an area. The water that flows off the

surface of the land without sinking into the soil is

called surface runoff. Water that enters the soil

before reaching surface streams is called groundwater runoff or seepage flow from ground water.

Sand. As a soil separate, individual rock or mineral

fragments from 0.05 millimeter to 2.0 millimeters in

diameter. Most sand grains consist of quartz. As a

soil textural class, a soil that is 85 percent or more

sand and not more than 10 percent clay.

Sandstone. Sedimentary rock containing dominantly

sand-sized particles.

Saturation. Wetness characterized by zero or positive

pressure of the soil water. Under conditions of

saturation, the water will flow from the soil matrix

into an unlined auger hole.

Sawtimber. Hardwood trees more than 11 inches and

conifers more than 9 inches in diameter at breast

height.

Second bottom. The first terrace above the normal

flood plain (or first bottom) of a river.

Sedimentary rock. Rock made up of particles

deposited from suspension in water. The chief

kinds of sedimentary rock are conglomerate,

formed from gravel; sandstone, formed from sand;

shale, formed from clay; and limestone, formed

from soft masses of calcium carbonate. There are

many intermediate types. Some wind-deposited

sand is consolidated into sandstone.

Sequum. A sequence consisting of an illuvial horizon

and the overlying eluvial horizon. (See Eluviation.)

Series, soil. A group of soils that have profiles that are

almost alike, except for differences in texture of

the surface layer. All the soils of a series have

horizons that are similar in composition, thickness,

and arrangement.

Shale. Sedimentary rock formed by the hardening of a

clay deposit.

Sheet erosion. The removal of a fairly uniform layer of

soil material from the land surface by the action of

rainfall and surface runoff.

Shoulder. The position that forms the uppermost

inclined surface near the top of a hillslope. It is a

transition from backslope to summit. The surface

is dominantly convex in profile and erosional in

origin.

Shrink-swell (in tables). The shrinking of soil when

dry and the swelling when wet. Shrinking and

swelling can damage roads, dams, building

foundations, and other structures. It can also

damage plant roots.

Side slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of a laterally planar area of a hillside.

The overland waterflow is predominantly parallel.

Silica. A combination of silicon and oxygen. The

mineral form is called quartz.

Silt. As a soil separate, individual mineral particles

that range in diameter from the upper limit of clay

(0.002 millimeter) to the lower limit of very fine

sand (0.05 millimeter). As a soil textural class, soil

that is 80 percent or more silt and less than 12

percent clay.

Siltstone. Sedimentary rock made up of dominantly

silt-sized particles.

Similar soils. Soils that share limits of diagnostic

criteria, behave and perform in a similar manner,

and have similar conservation needs or

management requirements for the major land uses

in the survey area.

Site index. A designation of the quality of a forest site

based on the height of the dominant stand at an

arbitrarily chosen age. For example, if the average

height attained by dominant and codominant trees

in a fully stocked stand at the age of 50 years is

75 feet, the site index is 75.

Slick spot. A small area of soil having a puddled,

crusted, or smooth surface and an excess of

exchangeable sodium. The soil generally is silty or

clayey, is slippery when wet, and is low in

productivity.

Slickensides. Polished and grooved surfaces

produced by one mass sliding past another. In

soils, slickensides may occur at the bases of slip

surfaces on the steeper slopes; on faces of blocks,

prisms, and columns; and in swelling clayey soils,

where there is marked change in moisture

content.

Slope. The inclination of the land surface from the

horizontal. Percentage of slope is the vertical

distance divided by horizontal distance, then

multiplied by 100. Thus, a slope of 20 percent

is a drop of 20 feet in 100 feet of horizontal

distance.

Slow refill (in tables). The slow filling of ponds,

resulting from restricted permeability in the soil.

Soft bedrock. Bedrock that can be excavated with

trenching machines, backhoes, small rippers,
154 Soil Survey of

and other equipment commonly used in

construction.

Soil. A natural, three-dimensional body at the earth’s

surface. It is capable of supporting plants and has

properties resulting from the integrated effect of

climate and living matter acting on earthy parent

material, as conditioned by relief over periods of

time.

Soil separates. Mineral particles less than 2

millimeters in equivalent diameter and ranging

between specified size limits. The names and

sizes, in millimeters, of separates recognized in

the United States are as follows:

Very coarse sand ....................................... 2.0 to 1.0

Coarse sand ............................................... 1.0 to 0.5

Medium sand ........................................... 0.5 to 0.25

Fine sand ............................................... 0.25 to 0.10

Very fine sand ........................................ 0.10 to 0.05

Silt ........................................................ 0.05 to 0.002

Clay .................................................. less than 0.002

Solum. The upper part of a soil profile, above the C

horizon, in which the processes of soil formation

are active. The solum in soil consists of the A, E,

and B horizons. Generally, the characteristics of

the material in these horizons are unlike those of

the material below the solum. The living roots and

plant and animal activities are largely confined to

the solum.

Stone line. A concentration of coarse fragments in a

soil. Generally, it is indicative of an old weathered

surface. In a cross section, the line may be one

fragment or more thick. It generally overlies

material that weathered in place and is overlain by

recent sediment of variable thickness.

Stones. Rock fragments 10 to 24 inches (25 to 60

centimeters) in diameter if rounded or 15 to 24

inches (38 to 60 centimeters) in length if flat.

Stony. Refers to a soil containing stones in numbers

that interfere with or prevent tillage.

Steam terrace. One of a series of platforms in a

stream valley, flanking and more or less parallel to

the stream channel. It is originally formed near the

level of the stream and consists of the dissected

remnants of an abandoned flood plain, streambed,

or valley floor that were produced during a former

stage of erosion or deposition.

Structure, soil. The arrangement of primary soil

particles into compound particles or aggregates.

The principal forms of soil structure are—platy

(laminated), prismatic (vertical axis of aggregates

longer than horizontal), columnar (prisms with

rounded tops), blocky (angular or subangular),

and granular. Structureless soils are either single

grain (each grain by itself, as in dune sand) or

massive (the particles adhering without any

regular cleavage, as in many hardpans).

Stubble mulch. Stubble or other crop residue left on

the soil or partly worked into the soil. It protects

the soil from wind erosion and water erosion after

harvest, during preparation of a seedbed for the

next crop, and during the early growing period of

the new crop.

Subsoil. Technically, the B horizon; roughly, the part of

the solum below plow depth.

Subsoiling. Tilling a soil below normal plow depth,

ordinarily to shatter a hardpan or claypan.

Substratum. The part of the soil below the solum.

Subsurface layer. Any surface soil horizon (A, E, AB,

or EB) below the surface layer.

Summit. The topographically highest position of a

hillslope. It has a nearly level (planar or only

slightly convex) surface.

Surface layer. The soil ordinarily moved in tillage, or

its equivalent in uncultivated soil, ranging in depth

from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 centimeters).

Frequently designated as the “plow layer,” or the

“Ap horizon.”

Surface soil. The A, E, AB, and EB horizons,

considered collectively. It includes all subdivisions

of these horizons.

Swale. A slight depression in the midst of generally

level land. On an undulating ground moraine, a

shallow depression resulting from uneven glacial

deposition.

Taxadjuncts. Soils that cannot be classified in a

series recognized in the classification system.

Such soils are named for a series they strongly

resemble and are designated as taxadjuncts to

that series because they differ in ways too small

to be of consequence in interpreting their use

and behavior. Soils are recognized as taxadjuncts

only when one or more of their characteristics are

slightly outside the range defined for the family of

the series for which the soils are named.

Terminal moraine. A belt of thick glacial drift that

generally marks the termination of important

glacial advances.

Terrace. An embankment, or ridge, constructed

across sloping soils on the contour or at a slight

angle to the contour. The terrace intercepts

surface runoff so that water soaks into the soil or

flows slowly to a prepared outlet. A terrace in a

field generally is built so that the field can be

farmed. A terrace intended mainly for drainage

has a deep channel that is maintained in

permanent sod.
Christian County, Illinois 155

Terrace (geologic). An old alluvial plain, ordinarily

flat or undulating, bordering a river, a lake, or the

sea.

Texture, soil. The relative proportions of sand, silt,

and clay particles in a mass of soil. The basic

textural classes, in order of increasing proportion

of fine particles, are sand, loamy sand, sandy

loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay

loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and

clay. The sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam

classes may be further divided by specifying

“coarse,” “fine,” or “very fine.”

Thin layer (in tables). Otherwise suitable soil material

that is too thin for the specified use.

Till. Unsorted, nonstratified glacial drift consisting of

clay, silt, sand, and boulders transported and

deposited by glacial ice.

Till plain. An extensive area of nearly level to

undulating soils underlain by glacial till.

Tilth, soil. The physical condition of the soil as related

to tillage, seedbed preparation, seedling

emergence, and root penetration.

Toeslope. The position that forms the gently inclined

surface at the base of a hillslope. Toeslopes in

profile are commonly gentle and linear and are

constructional surfaces forming the lower part of a

hillslope continuum that grades to valley or closeddepression floors.

Topsoil. The upper part of the soil, which is the most

favorable material for plant growth. It is ordinarily

rich in organic matter and is used to topdress

roadbanks, lawns, and land affected by mining.

Trace elements. Chemical elements, for example,

zinc, cobalt, manganese, copper, and iron, in soils

in extremely small amounts. They are essential to

plant growth.

Tread. The relatively flat terrace surface that was cut

or built by stream or wave action.

Upland. Land at a higher elevation, in general, than

the alluvial plain or stream terrace; land above the

lowlands along streams.

Valley fill. In glaciated regions, material deposited in

stream valleys by glacial meltwater. In

nonglaciated regions, alluvium deposited by

heavily loaded streams.

Variegation. Refers to patterns of contrasting colors

assumed to be inherited from the parent material

rather than to be the result of poor drainage.

Water bars. Smooth, shallow ditches or depressional

areas that are excavated at an angle across a

sloping road. They are used to reduce the

downward velocity of water and divert it off and

away from the road surface. Water bars can easily

be driven over if constructed properly.

Weathering. All physical and chemical changes

produced in rocks or other deposits at or near the

earth’s surface by atmospheric agents. These

changes result in disintegration and

decomposition of the material.

Well graded. Refers to soil material consisting of

coarse grained particles that are well distributed

over a wide range in size or diameter. Such soil

normally can be easily increased in density and

bearing properties by compaction. Contrasts with

poorly graded soil.

Wilting point (or permanent wilting point). The

moisture content of soil, on an ovendry basis, at

which a plant (specifically a sunflower) wilts so

much that it does not recover when placed in a

humid, dark chamber.

Windthrow. The uprooting and tipping over of trees by

the wind.

157

Tables
158 Soil Survey of

Table 1.--Temperature and Precipitation

(Recorded in the period 1970-1999 at Moweaqua, Illinois)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 | Temperature | Precipitation

 | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | 2 years in | | |2 years in 10| |

 | | | | 10 will have-- | Average | | will have-- | Average | _______________________ _____________

 Month |Average|Average|Average| | |number of|Average| | |number of|Average

 | daily | daily | daily | Maximum | Minimum | growing | | Less | More |days with|snowfall

 |maximum|minimum| |temperature|temperature| degree | |than--|than--|0.10 inch|

 | | | | higher | lower | days* | | | | or more |

 | | | | than-- | than-- | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | oF | oF | oF | oF | oF | Units | In | In | In | | In

 | | | | | | | | | | |

January-----| 34.0 | 16.8 | 25.4 | 63 | -15 | 1 | 1.67 | 0.49| 2.74| 3 | 4.3

 | | | | | | | | | | |

February----| 40.02| 21.3 | 30.8 | 68 | -11 | 5 | 1.88 | .73| 2.85| 4 | 3.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

March-------| 52.2 | 31.3 | 41.8 | 81 | 4 | 49 | 2.83 | 1.53| 3.98| 6 | .9

 | | | | | | | | | | |

April-------| 64.7 | 41.1 | 52.9 | 86 | 22 | 162 | 3.93 | 1.90| 5.69| 7 | .1

 | | | | | | | | | | |

May---------| 75.4 | 51.6 | 63.5 | 91 | 33 | 421 | 4.20 | 2.27| 5.89| 7 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

June--------| 84.0 | 60.7 | 72.4 | 97 | 43 | 673 | 4.21 | 2.22| 5.96| 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

July--------| 87.4 | 64.4 | 75.9 | 99 | 50 | 800 | 4.02 | 2.14| 5.68| 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

August------| 85.5 | 61.9 | 73.7 | 98 | 47 | 735 | 3.33 | 1.48| 4.91| 5 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

September---| 79.9 | 54.3 | 67.1 | 96 | 33 | 515 | 2.99 | 1.23| 4.47| 4 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

October-----| 67.9 | 43.1 | 55.5 | 87 | 23 | 217 | 2.81 | 1.62| 3.88| 5 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

November----| 52.1 | 33.1 | 42.6 | 75 | 11 | 46 | 3.57 | 1.81| 5.11| 6 | .5

 | | | | | | | | | | |

December----| 39.8 | 22.8 | 31.3 | 67 | -8 | 8 | 2.09 | .79| 3.18| 4 | 1.4

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Yearly: | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Average---| 63.6 | 41.9 | 52.7 | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---| ---| --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Extreme---| 104 | -26 | --- | 100 | -18 | --- | --- | ---| ---| --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Total-----| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 3,632 | 37.53 | 29.22| 42.67| 63 | 10.2

 | | | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 * A growing degree day is a unit of heat available for plant growth. It can be calculated by adding the

maximum and minimum daily temperatures, dividing the sum by 2, and subtracting the temperature below which

growth is minimal for the principal crops in the area (50 degrees F).
Christian County, Illinois 159

Table 2.--Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall

(Recorded in the period 1970-1999 at Moweaqua, Illinois)

_____________________________________________________________

 |

 | Temperature

 | __________________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | 24 oF | 28 oF | 32 oF

 | or lower | or lower | or lower

 | | | _____________________________________________________________

 | | |

Last freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in spring: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 later than-----| April 12 | April 18 | April 30

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 later than-----| April 7 | April 13 | April 26

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 later than-----| March 28 | April 5 | April 18

 | | |

First freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in fall: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 earlier than---| Oct. 17 | Oct. 8 | Sept. 22

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than---| Oct. 24 | Oct. 14 | Sept. 28

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than---| Nov. 6 | Oct. 26 | Oct. 7

 | | | _____________________________________________________________

Table 3.--Growing Season

(Recorded in the period 1970-1999 at Moweaqua,

 Illinois)

____________________________________________________

 |

 | Daily minimum temperature

 | during growing season

 | _____________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | Higher | Higher | Higher

 | than | than | than

 | 24 oF | 28 oF | 32 oF

 | | | ____________________________________________________

 | Days | Days | Days

 | | |

9 years in 10 | 197 | 179 | 156

 | | |

8 years in 10 | 206 | 187 | 162

 | | |

5 years in 10 | 223 | 203 | 173

 | | |

2 years in 10 | 240 | 219 | 183

 | | |

1 year in 10 | 248 | 227 | 189

 | | | ____________________________________________________
160 Soil Survey of

Table 4.--Classification of the Soils

(An asterisk in the first column indicates a taxadjunct to the series. See text for a

 description of those characteristics that are outside the range of the series.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Soil name | Family or higher taxonomic class

 | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Alvin--------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

*Assumption---------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

 Atlas--------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Aeric Chromic Vertic Epiaqualfs

 Biddle-------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquic Argiudolls

 Blackberry---------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

 Broadwell----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

 Brooklyn-----------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Albaqualfs

 Buckhart-----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

 Bunkum-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Hapludalfs

 Camden-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Clarksdale---------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Udollic Endoaqualfs

*Coatsburg----------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Argiaquolls

 Coulterville-------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aeric Epiaqualfs

 Cowden-------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Mollic Albaqualfs

 Darmstadt----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Albic Natraqualfs

 Denny--------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Mollic Albaqualfs

*Douglas------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

 Drummer------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

 Ebbert-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Argiaquic Argialbolls

 Edinburg-----------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Argiaquolls

 Elburn-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Argiudolls

 Elco---------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs

*Elkhart------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

 Greenbush----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Mollic Hapludalfs

*Harrison-----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Argiudolls

 Hartsburg----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

 Herrick------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquic Argiudolls

 Hickory------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Ipava--------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquic Argiudolls

 Kendall------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aeric Endoaqualfs

 Keomah-------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Aeric Endoaqualfs

 Martinsville-------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Middletown---------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Oconee-------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Udollic Endoaqualfs

 Orthents-----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Typic Udorthents

 Osco---------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

*Pana---------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

 Piasa--------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Mollic Natraqualfs

 Proctor------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiudolls

 Radford------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Fluvaquentic Hapludolls

 Ross---------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls

 Rozetta------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Sable--------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

 Sawmill------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Endoaquolls

 Senachwine---------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Shiloh-------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Cumulic Vertic Endoaquolls

 Spaulding----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Calciaquolls

 Tice---------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Fluvaquentic Hapludolls

 Vesser-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Argiaquic Argialbolls

 Virden-------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Argiaquolls

 | ____________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 161

Table 5.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

 | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

8D2 |Hickory loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes, eroded-------------------------------------------| 6,669 | 1.5

8D3 |Hickory clay loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes, severely eroded-----------------------------| 392 | *

8F |Hickory silt loam, 18 to 35 percent slopes----------------------------------------------| 2,987 | 0.7

17A |Keomah silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------------| 4,829 | 1.1

43A |Ipava silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------------------------| 55,921 | 12.2

45A |Denny silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------------------------| 2,644 | 0.6

46A |Herrick silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes------------------------------------------------| 75,007 | 16.4

48A |Ebbert silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------------| 211 | *

50A |Virden silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------| 80,924 | 17.7

68A |Sable silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------------------| 41,835 | 9.1

86B |Osco silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes---------------------------------------------------| 19,613 | 4.3

112A |Cowden silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------------| 5,104 | 1.1

113A |Oconee silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------------| 11,797 | 2.6

113B |Oconee silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes-------------------------------------------------| 7,168 | 1.6

119C2 |Elco silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded------------------------------------------| 7,018 | 1.5

119D2 |Elco silt loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes, eroded-----------------------------------------| 214 | *

127B |Harrison silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes-----------------------------------------------| 24,624 | 5.4

127C2 |Harrison silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded--------------------------------------| 11 | *

128B |Douglas silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes------------------------------------------------| 1,669 | 0.4

128C2 |Douglas silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded---------------------------------------| 1,694 | 0.4

131C2 |Alvin fine sandy loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded-----------------------------------| 1,708 | 0.4

134B |Camden silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes-------------------------------------------------| 2,520 | 0.5

134C2 |Camden silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded----------------------------------------| 732 | 0.2

136A |Brooklyn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-----------------------------------------------| 301 | *

138A |Shiloh silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------| 677 | 0.1

152A |Drummer silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes------------------------------------------| 1,655 | 0.4

198A |Elburn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------------------------------| 2,412 | 0.5

242A |Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes------------------------------------------------| 1,265 | 0.3

244A |Hartsburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes----------------------------------------| 8,162 | 1.8

249A |Edinburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-----------------------------------------| 4,931 | 1.1

256C2 |Pana silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded------------------------------------------| 645 | 0.1

257A |Clarksdale silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes---------------------------------------------| 1,627 | 0.4

259C2 |Assumption silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded------------------------------------| 3,497 | 0.8

279B |Rozetta silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes------------------------------------------------| 12,913 | 2.8

474A |Piasa silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------------------------| 409 | *

533 |Urban land------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 233 | *

536 |Dumps, mine-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| 860 | 0.2

567C2 |Elkhart silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded---------------------------------------| 196 | *

570D2 |Martinsville sandy loam, 10 to 18 percent slopes, eroded--------------------------------| 980 | 0.2

570F |Martinsville loam, 18 to 35 percent slopes----------------------------------------------| 683 | 0.1

618G |Senachwine loam, 35 to 60 percent slopes------------------------------------------------| 402 | *

660C2 |Coatsburg silt loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded-------------------------------------| 1,932 | 0.4

675B |Greenbush silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes----------------------------------------------| 3,995 | 0.9

679B |Blackberry silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes---------------------------------------------| 1,534 | 0.3

684B |Broadwell silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes----------------------------------------------| 1,180 | 0.3

685B |Middletown silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes---------------------------------------------| 2,136 | 0.5

705B |Buckhart silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes-----------------------------------------------| 5,958 | 1.3

712A |Spaulding silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes----------------------------------------| 145 | *

802B |Orthents, loamy, undulating-------------------------------------------------------------| 806 | 0.2

830 |Landfills-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 244 | *

835G |Earthen dam-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| 9 | *

864 |Pits, quarries--------------------------------------------------------------------------| 279 | *

865 |Pits, gravel----------------------------------------------------------------------------| 63 | *

882A |Oconee-Darmstadt-Coulterville silt loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------| 5,464 | 1.2

894A |Herrick-Biddle-Piasa silt loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes----------------------------------| 1,297 | 0.3

897C2 |Bunkum-Atlas silt loams, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded---------------------------------| 4,968 | 1.1

897C3 |Bunkum-Atlas silty clay loams, 5 to 10 percent slopes, severely eroded------------------| 163 | *

3073A |Ross silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded-------------------------------| 412 | *

3074A |Radford silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------------------| 10,764 | 2.3

3107A |Sawmill silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded----------------------| 10,988 | 2.4

3284A |Tice silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded-------------------------| 1,838 | 0.4

7148A |Proctor silt loam,0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded---------------------------------| 511 | 0.1

 | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
162 Soil Survey of

Table 5.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

 | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

7242A |Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded--------------------------------| 732 | 0.2

8396A |Vesser silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded---------------------------| 848 | 0.2

MW |Miscellaneous water---------------------------------------------------------------------| 33 | *

W |Water-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 4,902 | 1.1

 | |____________|________

 | Total------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 458,340 | 100.0

 | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 * Less than 0.1 percent.
Christian County, Illinois 163

Table 6.--Limitations and Hazards Affecting Cropland and Pasture

(See text for a description of the limitations and hazards listed in this table.

 Miscellaneous map units and map units generally not available for crop or pasture

 production are excluded from the table. Absence of an entry indicates that the map

 unit is generally unsuited to crops or pasture.)

_________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Soil name | |

 and | Limitations and hazards | Limitations and hazards

 map symbol | affecting cropland | affecting pasture

 | | _________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

8D2: | |

 Hickory------------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

8D3: | |

 Hickory------------------|Poor tilth, crusting, water |Poor tilth, low pH, water

 | erosion | erosion, low fertility

 | |

8F: | |

 Hickory------------------| --- |Equipment limitation, low pH,

 | | water erosion

 | |

17A: | |

 Keomah-------------------|Wetness, crusting |Wetness, low pH

 | |

 | |

43A: | |

 Ipava--------------------|Wetness |NA*

 | |

45A: | |

 Denny--------------------|Ponding, crusting |NA*

 | |

46A: | |

 Herrick------------------|Wetness |NA*

 | |

48A: | |

 Ebbert-------------------|Ponding |NA*

 | |

50A: | |

 Virden-------------------|Ponding, poor tilth |NA*

 | |

68A: | |

 Sable--------------------|Ponding, poor tilth |NA*

 | |

86B: | |

 Osco---------------------|Water erosion |Low pH

 | |

112A: | |

 Cowden-------------------|Ponding, crusting |Ponding, low pH, frost heave

 | |

113A: | |

 Oconee-------------------|Wetness, crusting |Wetness, low pH

 | |

113B: | |

 Oconee-------------------|Wetness, crusting, water |Wetness, low pH, water

 | erosion | erosion

 | |

119C2: | |

 Elco---------------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

119D2: | |

 Elco---------------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

127B: | |

 Harrison-----------------|Water erosion |Low pH

 | |

 See footnotes at end of table.
164 Soil Survey of

Table 6.--Limitations and Hazards Affecting Cropland and Pasture--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Soil name | |

 and | Limitations and hazards | Limitations and hazards

 map symbol | affecting cropland | affecting pasture

 | | _________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

127C2: | |

 Harrison-----------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

128B: | |

 Douglas------------------|Water erosion |Low pH

 | |

128C2: | |

 Douglas------------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

131C2: | |

 Alvin--------------------|Water erosion |Low pH, water erosion, low

 | | fertility

 | |

134B: | |

 Camden-------------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

134C2: | |

 Camden-------------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

136A: | |

 Brooklyn-----------------|Ponding |NA*

 | |

138A: | |

 Shiloh-------------------|Ponding, poor tilth |NA*

 | |

152A: | |

 Drummer------------------|Ponding, poor tilth |NA*

 | |

198A: | |

 Elburn-------------------|Wetness |NA*

 | |

242A: | |

 Kendall------------------|Wetness, crusting |Wetness, low pH

 | |

244A: | |

 Hartsburg----------------|Ponding, excess lime, poor |NA*

 | tilth |

 | |

249A: | |

 Edinburg-----------------|Ponding, poor tilth |NA*

 | |

256C2: | |

 Pana---------------------|Water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

257A: | |

 Clarksdale---------------|Wetness, crusting |Wetness, low pH

 | |

259C2: | |

 Assumption---------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

279B: | |

 Rozetta------------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

474A: | |

 Piasa--------------------|Ponding, high pH, excess |NA*

 | sodium |

 | |

567C2: | |

 Elkhart------------------|Excess lime, crusting, water |Water erosion

 |erosion |

 | |

 See footnotes at end of table.
Christian County, Illinois 165

Table 6.--Limitations and Hazards Affecting Cropland and Pasture--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Soil name | |

 and | Limitations and hazards | Limitations and hazards

 map symbol | affecting cropland | affecting pasture

 | | _________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

570D2: | |

 Martinsville-------------|Water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

570F: | |

 Martinsville-------------| --- |Equipment limitation, low pH,

 | | water erosion

 | |

618G: | |

 Senachwine. | |

 | |

660C2: | |

 Coatsburg----------------|Wetness, water erosion |Wetness, low pH, water

 | | erosion, frost heave

 | |

675B: | |

 Greenbush----------------|Crusting, water erosion |Low pH, water erosion

 | |

679B: | |

 Blackberry---------------|Water erosion |Low pH

 | |

684B: | |

 Broadwell----------------|Water erosion, excessive |None**

 | permeability |

 | |

685B: | |

 Middletown---------------|Crusting, water erosion, |Low pH, water erosion

 | excessive permeability |

705B: | |

 Buckhart-----------------|Water erosion |NA*

 | |

712A: | |

 Spaulding----------------|Ponding, excess lime, |NA*

 | poor tilth |

 | |

882A: | |

 Oconee-------------------|Wetness, crusting |Wetness, low pH

 | |

 Darmstadt----------------|Wetness, high pH, crusting, |Wetness, high pH, excess

 | excess sodium | sodium

 | |

 Coulterville-------------|Wetness, high pH, crusting, |Wetness, high pH, excess

 | excess sodium | sodium

 | |

894A: | |

 Herrick------------------|Wetness |NA*

 | |

 Biddle-------------------|Wetness, high pH, excess |NA*

 | sodium |

 | |

 Piasa--------------------|Ponding, high pH, excess |NA*

 | sodium |

 | |

897C2: | |

 Bunkum-------------------|Wetness, crusting, water |Wetness, low pH, water

 | erosion | erosion

 | |

 Atlas--------------------|Wetness, crusting, water |Wetness, low pH, water

 | erosion | erosion

 | |

 See footnotes at end of table.
166 Soil Survey of

Table 6.--Limitations and Hazards Affecting Cropland and Pasture--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Soil name | |

 and | Limitations and hazards | Limitations and hazards

 map symbol | affecting cropland | affecting pasture

 | | _________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

897C3: | |

 Bunkum-------------------|Wetness, poor tilth, crusting,|Wetness, poor tilth, low pH,

 | water erosion | water erosion, low fertility

 | |

 Atlas--------------------|Wetness, poor tilth, water |Wetness, poor tilth, low pH,

 | erosion | water erosion, low fertility

 | |

3073A: | |

 Ross---------------------|Flooding |Flooding

 | |

3074A: | |

 Radford------------------|Flooding, wetness |Flooding, wetness

 | |

3107A: | |

 Sawmill------------------|Flooding, ponding, poor tilth |Flooding, ponding, frost

 | | heave, poor tilth

 | |

3284A: | |

 Tice---------------------|Flooding, wetness, poor tilth |NA*

 | |

7148A: | |

 Proctor------------------|None*** |NA*

 | |

7242A: | |

 Kendall------------------|Wetness, crusting |NA*

 | |

8396A: | |

 Vesser-------------------|Flooding, wetness, crusting |NA*

 | | _________________________________________________________________________________________

 * Pasture is not a major use.

 ** This soil is well suited to pasture.

 *** This soil is well suited to crops.
Christian County, Illinois 167

Table 7.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture

(Yields are those that can be expected under a high level of management. They are for nonirrigated

 areas. Miscellaneous areas are not listed. Absence of a yield indicates that the soil is not

 suited to the crop or the crop generally is not grown on the soil.)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume

 and soil name |capability| | hay | | | pasture

 | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Tons | Bu | Bu | AUM

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------| 3e | 71 | 2.7 | 23 | 26 | 4.5

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------| 4e | 65 | 2.4 | 21 | 23 | 4.0

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------| 6e | --- | 2.2 | --- | --- | 3.6

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------| 2w | 129 | 5.1 | 39 | 52 | 8.5

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------| 1 | 163 | --- | 52 | 66 | ---

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------| 3w | 113 | --- | 37 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------| 2w | 141 | --- | 45 | 61 | ---

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------| 3w | 130 | --- | 42 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------| 2w | 138 | --- | 46 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------| 2w | 156 | --- | 51 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------| 2e | 153 | 5.8 | 46 | 61 | 9.7

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------| 3w | 120 | 4.8 | 37 | --- | 8.0

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------| 2w | 120 | 5.0 | 36 | 54 | 8.3

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------| 2e | 119 | 4.9 | 36 | 53 | 8.2

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------| 3e | 105 | 4.1 | 35 | 44 | 6.9

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------| 3e | 100 | 3.9 | 33 | 42 | 6.5

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------| 2e | 135 | 5.2 | 42 | 58 | 8.7

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------| 3e | 128 | 5.0 | 39 | 55 | 8.3

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------| 2e | 134 | 5.2 | 42 | 58 | 8.7

 | | | | | |
168 Soil Survey of

Table 7.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume

 and soil name |capability| | hay | | | pasture

 | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Tons | Bu | Bu | AUM

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------| 3e | 128 | 5.0 | 39 | 55 | 8.3

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------| 3e | 93 | 3.9 | 35 | 44 | 6.4

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------| 2e | 124 | 5.0 | 39 | 54 | 8.2

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------| 3e | 118 | 4.7 | 37 | 52 | 7.8

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------| 2w | 108 | --- | 35 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------| 2w | 139 | --- | 46 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------| 2w | 154 | --- | 51 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------| 1 | 161 | --- | 50 | 63 | ---

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------| 2w | 135 | 5.2 | 41 | 55 | 8.7

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------| 2w | 145 | --- | 47 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------| 3w | 132 | --- | 43 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------| 3e | 102 | 3.9 | 33 | 42 | 6.5

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------| 1 | 140 | 5.3 | 43 | 57 | 8.8

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------| 3e | 120 | 4.7 | 37 | 53 | 7.8

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------| 2e | 130 | 5.1 | 40 | 53 | 8.6

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------| 3w | 77 | --- | 28 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------| 3e | 124 | 4.8 | 37 | 50 | 8.0

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------| 4e | 108 | 4.3 | 33 | 45 | 7.1

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------| 6e | --- | 3.4 | --- | --- | 5.6

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------| 3e | 75 | 3.0 | 24 | --- | 5.0

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 169

Table 7.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Soybeans |Winter wheat|Grass-legume

 and soil name |capability| | hay | | | pasture

 | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | Bu | Tons | Bu | Bu | AUM

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------| 2e | 147 | 5.5 | 42 | 57 | 9.2

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------| 2e | 150 | 5.7 | 45 | 59 | 9.6

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------| 2e | 144 | 5.5 | 44 | 58 | 9.2

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------| 2e | 116 | 4.7 | 34 | 52 | 7.7

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------| 2e | 158 | --- | 48 | 62 | ---

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------| 2w | 138 | --- | 44 | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

882A: | | 102 | 4.1 | 33 | 47 | 7.0

 Oconee--------------| 2w | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------| 3w | | | | |

 Coulterville--------| 2w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

894A: | | 121 | --- | 39 | 54 | ---

 Herrick-------------| 2w | | | | |

 Biddle--------------| 2w | | | | |

 Piasa---------------| 3w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum-Atlas--------| 3e | 77 | 3.3 | 28 | 34 | 5.4

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum-Atlas--------| 4e | 72 | 3.2 | 26 | 32 | 5.1

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------| 2w | 131 | 5.0 | 41 | 54 | 8.2

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------| 3w | 129 | 5.0 | 41 | 55 | 8.4

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------| 3w | 132 | 5.0 | 42 | --- | 8.3

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------| 3w | 138 | --- | 42 | 55 | ---

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------| 1 | 144 | --- | 44 | 59 | ---

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------| 2w | 135 | --- | 41 | 55 | ---

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------| 2w | 126 | --- | 42 | --- | ---

 | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________
170 Soil Survey of

Table 8.--Prime Farmland

(Only the soils considered prime farmland are listed. Urban or built-up areas of the soils listed

 are not considered prime farmland. If a soil is prime farmland only under certain

 conditions, the conditions are specified in parentheses after the soil name.)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map | Soil name

symbol |

 | _________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

17A |Keomah silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

43A |Ipava silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

45A |Denny silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

46A |Herrick silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

48A |Ebbert silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

50A |Virden silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

68A |Sable silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

86B |Osco silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

112A |Cowden silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

113A |Oconee silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

113B |Oconee silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

127B |Harrison silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

128B |Douglas silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

131C2 |Alvin fine sandy loam, 5 to 10 percent slopes, eroded

134B |Camden silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

136A |Brooklyn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

138A |Shiloh silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

152A |Drummer silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

198A |Elburn silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

242A |Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

244A |Hartsburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

249A |Edinburg silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

257A |Clarksdale silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

279B |Rozetta silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

675B |Greenbush silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

679B |Blackberry silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

684B |Broadwell silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

685B |Middletown silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

705B |Buckhart silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

712A |Spaulding silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

3073A |Ross silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected from

 | flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

3074A |Radford silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected from

 | flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

3107A |Sawmill silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where drained

 | and either protected from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

3284A |Tice silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (where protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

7148A |Proctor silt loam,0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded

7242A |Kendall silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded (where drained)

8396A |Vesser silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained)

 | _________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 171

Table 9.--Hydric Soils

_________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol and | Component | Hydric | Local landform

 map unit name | | |

 | | | _________________________________________________________________

 | | |

17A: | | |

 Keomah silt loam, 0 to|Keomah | No |Ground moraines

 2 percent slopes |Denny | Yes |Depressions

 | | |

43A: | | |

 Ipava silt loam, 0 to |Ipava | No |Ground moraines

 2 percent slopes |Sable | Yes |Depressions

 |Virden | Yes |Depressions

 |Denny | Yes |Depressions

 | | |

45A: | | |

 Denny silt loam, 0 to |Denny | Yes |Depressions

 2 percent slopes | | |

 | | |

46A: | | |

 Herrick silt loam, 0 |Herrick | No |Ground moraines

 to 2 percent slopes |Virden | Yes |Depressions

 |Piasa | Yes |Depressions

 |Cowden | Yes |Depressions

 | | |

48A: | | |

 Ebbert silt loam, 0 to|Ebbert | Yes |Depressions

 2 percent slopes | | |

 | | |

50A: | | |

 Virden silty clay |Virden | Yes |Ground moraines

 loam, 0 to 2 percent |Piasa | Yes |Ground moraines

 slopes | | |

 | | |

68A: | | |

 Sable silty clay loam,|Sable | Yes |Ground moraines

 0 to 2 percent slopes| | |

 | | |

112A: | | |

 Cowden silt loam, 0 to|Cowden | Yes |Ground moraines

 2 percent slopes |Piasa | Yes |Ground moraines

 | | |

113A: | | |

 Oconee silt loam, 0 to|Oconee | No |Ground moraines

 2 percent slopes |Cowden | Yes |Depressions

 | | |

136A: | | |

 Brooklyn silt loam, 0 |Brooklyn | Yes |Depressions

 to 2 percent slopes | | |

 | | |

138A: | | |

 Shiloh silty clay |Shiloh | Yes |Depressions

 loam, 0 to 2 percent | | |

 slopes | | |

 | | |

152A: | | |

 Drummer silty clay |Drummer | Yes |Outwash plains

 loam, 0 to 2 percent | | |

 slopes | | |

 | | |

198A: | | |

 Elburn silt loam, 0 to|Elburn | No |Outwash plains,

 2 percent slopes | | | stream terraces

 |Drummer | Yes |Depressions

 | | |
172 Soil Survey of

Table 9.--Hydric Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol and | Component | Hydric | Local landform

 map unit name | | |

 | | | _________________________________________________________________

 | | |

242A: | | |

 Kendall silt loam, 0 |Kendall | No |Outwash plains,

 to 2 percent slopes | | | stream terraces

 |Drummer | Yes |Depressions

 |Brooklyn | Yes |Depressions

 | | |

244A: | | |

 Hartsburg silty clay |Hartsburg | Yes |Ground moraines

 loam, 0 to 2 percent |Spaulding | Yes |Ground moraines

 slopes | | |

 | | |

 | | |

249A: | | |

 Edinburg silty clay |Edinburg | Yes |Depressions

 loam, 0 to 2 percent | | |

 slopes | | |

 | | |

257A: | | |

 Clarksdale silt loam, |Clarksdale | No |Ground moraines

 0 to 2 percent slopes|Denny | Yes |Depressions

 |Virden | Yes |Depressions

 | | |

474A: | | |

 Piasa silt loam, 0 to |Piasa | Yes |Depressions,

 2 percent slopes | | | ground moraines

 |Cowden | Yes |Ground moraines,

 | | | depressions

 | | |

660C2: | | |

 Coatsburg silt loam, 5|Coatsburg | Yes |Ground moraines

 to 10 percent slopes,| | |

 eroded | | |

 | | |

712A: | | |

 Spaulding silty clay |Spaulding | Yes |Depressions

 loam, 0 to 2 percent |Sable | Yes |Ground moraines,

 slopes | | | depressions

 | | |

882A: | | |

 Oconee-Darmstadt- |Oconee | No |Ground moraines

 Coulterville silt |Darmstadt | No |Ground moraines

 loams, 0 to 2 percent|Coulterville | No |Ground moraines

 slopes |Piasa | Yes |Depressions

 |Cowden | Yes |Depressions

 | | |

894A: | | |

 Herrick-Biddle-Piasa |Herrick | No |Ground moraines

 silt loams, 0 to 2 |Biddle | No |Ground moraines

 percent slopes |Piasa | Yes |Ground moraines,

 | | | depressions

 | | |

3073A: | | |

 Ross silt loam, 0 to 2|Ross | No |Flood plains

 percent slopes, |Sawmill | Yes |Flood plains

 frequently flooded | | |

 | | |

3074A: | | |

 Radford silt loam, 0 |Radford | No |Flood plains

 to 2 percent slopes, |Sawmill | Yes |Flood plains

 frequently flooded | | |

 | | |
Christian County, Illinois 173

Table 9.--Hydric Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol and | Component | Hydric | Local landform

 map unit name | | |

 | | | _________________________________________________________________

 | | |

3107A: | | |

 Sawmill silty clay |Sawmill | Yes |Flood plains

 loam, 0 to 2 percent | | |

 slopes, frequently | | |

 flooded | | |

 | | |

3284A: | | |

 Tice silty clay loam, |Tice | No |Flood plains

 0 to 2 percent |Sawmill | Yes |Flood plains

 slopes, frequently | | |

 flooded | | |

 | | |

7148A: | | |

 Proctor silt loam,0 to|Proctor | No |Flood-plain steps

 2 percent slopes, |Sawmill | Yes |Flood plains

 rarely flooded | | |

 | | |

7242A: | | |

 Kendall silt loam, 0 |Kendall | No |Flood-plain steps

 to 2 percent slopes, |Vesser | Yes |Flood plains

 rarely flooded | | |

 | | |

8396A: | | |

 Vesser silt loam, 0 to|Vesser | Yes |Flood plains

 2 percent slopes, | | |

 occasionally flooded | | |

 | | | _________________________________________________________________
174 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings

(Absence of an entry indicates that trees generally do not grow to the given height on the soil.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

8D2, 8D3, 8F: | | | | |

 Hickory-------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

17A: | | | | |

 Keomah--------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

43A: | | | | |

 Ipava---------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

45A: | | | | |

 Denny---------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 175

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

46A: | | | | |

 Herrick-------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

48A: | | | | |

 Ebbert--------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

50A: | | | | |

 Virden--------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

68A: | | | | |

 Sable---------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |
176 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

86B: | | | | |

 Osco----------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

112A: | | | | |

 Cowden--------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

113A, 113B: | | | | |

 Oconee--------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

119C2, 119D2: | | | | |

 Elco----------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

127B, 127C2: | | | | |

 Harrison------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 177

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

128B, 128C2: | | | | |

 Douglas-------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

131C2: | | | | |

 Alvin---------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Douglas fir, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, black | common hackberry, | eastern white pine

 | common winterberry,| witchhazel, Arnold | walnut, blackgum, | pin oak, tuliptree |

 | coralberry, gray | hawthorn, blackhaw,| blue spruce, bur | |

 | dogwood, mapleleaf | common chokecherry,| oak, eastern | |

 | viburnum | common | redcedar, green | |

 | | serviceberry, | ash, pecan | |

 | | prairie crabapple | | |

 | | | | |

134B, 134C2: | | | | |

 Camden--------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

136A: | | | | |

 Brooklyn------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

138A: | | | | |

 Shiloh--------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |
178 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

152A: | | | | |

 Drummer-------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

198A: | | | | |

 Elburn--------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

242A: | | | | |

 Kendall-------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

244A: | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----|Common winterberry, |Common pawpaw, |Arborvitae, bur oak,|Carolina poplar, | ---

 | gray dogwood, | nannyberry, | common hackberry, | eastern cottonwood,|

 | redosier dogwood | roughleaf dogwood, | eastern redcedar, | green ash |

 | | silky dogwood | green hawthorn | |

 | | | | |

249A: | | | | |

 Edinburg------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 179

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

256C2: | | | | |

 Pana----------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

257A: | | | | |

 Clarksdale----|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

259C2: | | | | |

 Assumption----|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

279B: | | | | |

 Rozetta-------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

474A: | | | | |

 Piasa---------|Common juniper |American hazelnut, |Douglas fir, blue | --- | ---

 | | common | spruce, eastern | |

 | | serviceberry, | white pine, green | |

 | | common winterberry,| ash | |

 | | eastern redcedar, | | |

 | | prairie crabapple | | |

 | | | | |

533: | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | |

 | | | | |

536: | | | | |

 Dumps, mine. | | | | |

 | | | | |
180 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

567C2: | | | | |

 Elkhart-------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

570D2, 570F: | | | | |

 Martinsville--|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

618G: | | | | |

 Senachwine----|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, blackgum, | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | common hackberry, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | green ash, northern|

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | tuliptree |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

660C2: | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----|American |American plum, |Virginia pine, |Norway spruce |Carolina poplar

 | cranberrybush, | American | arborvitae, black | |

 | American hazelnut, | witchhazel, | oak, blackgum, bur | |

 | black chokeberry, | Washington | oak, chinkapin oak,| |

 | common juniper, | hawthorn, blackhaw,| common hackberry, | |

 | coralberry, gray | common chokecherry,| eastern redcedar, | |

 | dogwood, mapleleaf | common | green ash | |

 | viburnum, silky | serviceberry, | | |

 | dogwood | nannyberry, prairie| | |

 | | crabapple, | | |

 | | roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | | staghorn sumac | | |

 | | | | |

675B: | | | | |

 Greenbush-----|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 181

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

679B: | | | | |

 Blackberry----|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

684B: | | | | |

 Broadwell-----|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

685B: | | | | |

 Middletown----|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

705B: | | | | |

 Buckhart------|American hazelnut, |American plum, |Washington hawthorn,|Douglas fir, Norway |Carolina poplar,

 | black chokeberry, | American | arborvitae, blue | spruce, black | eastern cottonwood,

 | common elderberry, | witchhazel, | spruce, common | walnut, blackgum, | eastern white pine

 | common juniper, | blackhaw, common | persimmon, eastern | common hackberry, |

 | common ninebark, | chokecherry, common| redcedar, | green ash, northern|

 | common winterberry,| serviceberry, | nannyberry, pecan, | red oak, pin oak, |

 | coralberry, | prairie crabapple, | white oak | tuliptree |

 | mapleleaf viburnum,| roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | redosier dogwood, | smooth sumac, | | |

 | silky dogwood | southern arrowwood | | |

 | | | | |

712A: | | | | |

 Spaulding-----|Common winterberry, |Common pawpaw, |Arborvitae, bur oak,|Carolina poplar, | ---

 | gray dogwood, | nannyberry, | common hackberry, | eastern cottonwood,|

 | redosier dogwood | roughleaf dogwood, | eastern redcedar, | green ash |

 | | silky dogwood | green hawthorn | |

 | | | | |

802B: | | | | |

 Orthents. | | | | |

 | | | | |

830: | | | | |

 Landfills. | | | | |

 | | | | |

835G: | | | | |

 Earthen dam. | | | | |

 | | | | |
182 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

864: | | | | |

 Pits, | | | | |

 quarries. | | | | |

 | | | | |

865: | | | | |

 Pits, gravel. | | | | |

 | | | | |

882A: | | | | |

 Oconee--------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----|Common juniper |American hazelnut, |Douglas fir, blue | --- | ---

 | | common | spruce, eastern | |

 | | serviceberry, | white pine, green | |

 | | common winterberry,| ash | |

 | | eastern redcedar, | | |

 | | prairie crabapple | | |

 | | | | |

 Coulterville--|Common juniper |American hazelnut, |Douglas fir, blue | --- | ---

 | | common | spruce, eastern | |

 | | serviceberry, | white pine, green | |

 | | common winterberry,| ash | |

 | | eastern redcedar, | | |

 | | prairie crabapple | | |

 | | | | |

894A: | | | | |

 Herrick-------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

 Biddle--------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 183

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

894A: | | | | |

 Piasa---------|Common juniper |American hazelnut, |Douglas fir, blue | --- | ---

 | | common | spruce, eastern | |

 | | serviceberry, | white pine, green | |

 | | common winterberry,| ash | |

 | | eastern redcedar, | | |

 | | prairie crabapple | | |

 | | | | |

897C2, 897C3: | | | | |

 Bunkum--------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

 Atlas---------|American |American plum, |Virginia pine, |Norway spruce |Carolina poplar

 | cranberrybush, | American | arborvitae, black | |

 | American hazelnut, | witchhazel, | oak, blackgum, bur | |

 | black chokeberry, | Washington | oak, chinkapin oak,| |

 | common juniper, | hawthorn, blackhaw,| common hackberry, | |

 | coralberry, gray | common chokecherry,| eastern redcedar, | |

 | dogwood, mapleleaf | common | green ash | |

 | viburnum, silky | serviceberry, | | |

 | dogwood | nannyberry, prairie| | |

 | | crabapple, | | |

 | | roughleaf dogwood, | | |

 | | staghorn sumac | | |

 | | | | |

3073A: | | | | |

 Ross----------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

3074A: | | | | |

 Radford-------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |
184 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

3107A: | | | | |

 Sawmill-------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

3284A: | | | | |

 Tice----------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

7148A: | | | | |

 Proctor-------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

7242A: | | | | |

 Kendall-------|American |Blackhaw, cockspur |Austrian pine, |Norway spruce, |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hawthorn, common | Douglas fir, | blackgum, common | eastern cottonwood,

 | Canada yew, black | pawpaw, common | arborvitae, blue | hackberry, green | pin oak

 | chokeberry, common | serviceberry, | spruce, common | ash, red maple, |

 | elderberry, common | prairie crabapple, | persimmon, eastern | swamp white oak, |

 | juniper, common | roughleaf dogwood, | redcedar, green | sweetgum |

 | ninebark, common | rusty blackhaw, | hawthorn, | |

 | winterberry, | southern arrowwood,| nannyberry, pecan, | |

 | northern spicebush,| witchhazel | shingle oak | |

 | redosier dogwood, | | | |

 | silky dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 185

Table 10.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of--

 Map symbol |________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 | >35

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

8396A: | | | | |

 Vesser--------|American |Cockspur hawthorn, |Arborvitae, |Green ash, red |Carolina poplar,

 | cranberrybush, | hazel alder, | blackgum, common | maple, river birch,| eastern cottonwood,

 | black chokeberry, | nannyberry, | hackberry, green | swamp white oak, | pin oak

 | buttonbush, common | roughleaf dogwood | hawthorn, northern | sweetgum |

 | elderberry, common | | whitecedar, | |

 | ninebark, common | | shingle oak | |

 | winterberry, gray | | | |

 | dogwood, highbush | | | |

 | blueberry, northern| | | |

 | spicebush, redosier| | | |

 | dogwood, silky | | | |

 | dogwood | | | |

 | | | | |

MW: | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | |

 water. | | | | |

 | | | | |

W: | | | | |

 Water. | | | | |

 | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
186 Soil Survey of

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

8D2: | | | |

 Hickory----------------------|Northern red oak--------------| 85 | 72 |Black walnut, eastern

 |White oak---------------------| 85 | 72 | cottonwood, eastern white

 |Black oak---------------------| --- | --- | pine, green ash, northern

 |Green ash---------------------| --- | --- | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 |Bitternut hickory-------------| --- | --- | tuliptree, white oak.

 |Tuliptree---------------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

8D3: | | | |

 Hickory----------------------|Bitternut hickory-------------| --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 |Black oak---------------------| --- | --- | cottonwood, eastern white

 |Green ash---------------------| --- | --- | pine, green ash, northern

 |Northern red oak--------------| 85 | 72 | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 95 | 100 | tuliptree, white oak.

 |White oak---------------------| 85 | 72 |

 | | | |

8F: | | | |

 Hickory----------------------|Bitternut hickory-------------| --- | --- |White oak, eastern

 |Black oak---------------------| --- | --- | cottonwood, eastern white

 |Green ash---------------------| --- | --- | pine, green ash, northern

 |Northern red oak--------------| 85 | 72 | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 95 | 100 | tuliptree.

 |White oak---------------------| 85 | 72 |

 | | | |

17A: | | | |

 Keomah-----------------------|Northern red oak--------------| 70 | 57 |Common hackberry, common

 |White oak---------------------| 65 | 43 | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

43A: | | | |

 Ipava------------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

45A: | | | |

 Denny------------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

46A: | | | |

 Herrick----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

48A: | | | |

 Ebbert-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

50A: | | | |

 Virden-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 187

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

68A: | | | |

 Sable------------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

86B: | | | |

 Osco-------------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

112A: | | | |

 Cowden-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

113A: | | | |

 Oconee-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

113B: | | | |

 Oconee-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

119C2: | | | |

 Elco-------------------------|Black walnut------------------| --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 |Northern red oak--------------| --- | --- | cottonwood, eastern white

 |White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

119D2: | | | |

 Elco-------------------------|Black walnut------------------| --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 |Northern red oak--------------| 85 | 72 | cottonwood, eastern white

 |White oak---------------------| 85 | 72 | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

127B: | | | |

 Harrison---------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

127C2: | | | |

 Harrison---------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |
188 Soil Survey of

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

128B: | | | |

 Douglas----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

128C2: | | | |

 Douglas----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

131C2: | | | |

 Alvin------------------------|Black walnut------------------| --- | --- |Black walnut, bur oak,

 |Northern red oak--------------| 80 | 57 | eastern white pine, pecan,

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 90 | 86 | pin oak, tuliptree.

 |White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |

 | | | |

134B: | | | |

 Camden-----------------------|White oak---------------------| 85 | 72 |Black walnut, eastern

 |Green ash---------------------| 76 | 72 | cottonwood, eastern white

 |Northern red oak--------------| 85 | 72 | pine, green ash, northern

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 95 | 100 | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

134C2: | | | |

 Camden-----------------------|Northern red oak--------------| 85 | 72 |Black walnut, eastern

 |White oak---------------------| 85 | 72 | cottonwood, eastern white

 |Green ash---------------------| 76 | 72 | pine, green ash, northern

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 95 | 100 | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

136A: | | | |

 Brooklyn---------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum,

 | | | | tamarack.

 | | | |

138A: | | | |

 Shiloh-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

152A: | | | |

 Drummer----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

198A: | | | |

 Elburn-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 189

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

242A: | | | |

 Kendall----------------------|White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |Common hackberry, common

 |Northern red oak--------------| 80 | 57 | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

244A: | | | |

 Hartsburg--------------------| --- | --- | --- |Bur oak, common hackberry,

 | | | | eastern cottonwood, eastern

 | | | | redcedar, green ash.

 | | | |

249A: | | | |

 Edinburg---------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

256C2: | | | |

 Pana-------------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

257A: | | | |

 Clarksdale-------------------|White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |Common hackberry, common

 |Northern red oak--------------| 80 | 57 | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

259C2: | | | |

 Assumption-------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

279B: | | | |

 Rozetta----------------------|White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |Black walnut, eastern

 |Northern red oak--------------| 80 | 57 | cottonwood, eastern white

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 90 | 86 | pine, green ash, northern

 |Black walnut------------------| --- | --- | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

474A: | | | |

 Piasa------------------------| --- | --- | --- |Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir,

 | | | | blue spruce, eastern

 | | | | redcedar, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash.

 | | | |

533: | | | |

 Urban land. | | | |

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Dumps, mine. | | | |

 | | | |
190 Soil Survey of

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

567C2: | | | |

 Elkhart----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

570D2: | | | |

 Martinsville-----------------|White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |Black walnut, eastern

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 98 | 100 | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

570F: | | | |

 Martinsville-----------------|White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |White oak, eastern

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 98 | 100 | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree.

 | | | |

618G: | | | |

 Senachwine-------------------|White oak---------------------| 90 | 72 |White oak, eastern

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 98 | 100 | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree.

 | | | |

660C2: | | | |

 Coatsburg--------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black oak, bur oak, chinkapin

 | | | | oak, common hackberry,

 | | | | eastern redcedar, green ash.

 | | | |

675B: | | | |

 Greenbush--------------------|White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |Black walnut, eastern

 |Northern red oak--------------| 80 | 57 | cottonwood, eastern white

 |Black walnut------------------| --- | --- | pine, green ash, northern

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 90 | 86 | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

679B: | | | |

 Blackberry-------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

684B: | | | |

 Broadwell--------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

685B: | | | |

 Middletown-------------------|Black walnut------------------| --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 |Northern red oak--------------| 80 | 57 | cottonwood, eastern white

 |White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 191

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

705B: | | | |

 Buckhart---------------------| --- | --- | --- |Black walnut, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash, northern

 | | | | red oak, pecan, pin oak,

 | | | | tuliptree, white oak.

 | | | |

712A: | | | |

 Spaulding--------------------| --- | --- | --- |Bur oak, common hackberry,

 | | | | eastern cottonwood, eastern

 | | | | redcedar, green ash.

 | | | |

802B: | | | |

 Orthents. | | | |

 | | | |

830: | | | |

 Landfills. | | | |

 | | | |

835G: | | | |

 Earthen dam. | | | |

 | | | |

864: | | | |

 Pits, quarries. | | | |

 | | | |

865: | | | |

 Pits, gravel. | | | |

 | | | |

882A: | | | |

 Oconee-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

 Darmstadt--------------------|Black oak---------------------| 70 | 57 |Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir,

 |Pignut hickory----------------| --- | --- | blue spruce, eastern

 |White oak---------------------| 70 | 57 | redcedar, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash.

 | | | |

 Coulterville-----------------|Black oak---------------------| --- | --- |Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir,

 |Pignut hickory----------------| --- | --- | blue spruce, eastern

 |White oak---------------------| 70 | 57 | redcedar, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash.

 | | | |

894A: | | | |

 Herrick----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

 Biddle-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

 Piasa------------------------| --- | --- | --- |Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir,

 | | | | blue spruce, eastern

 | | | | redcedar, eastern white

 | | | | pine, green ash.

 | | | |
192 Soil Survey of

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

897C2: | | | |

 Bunkum-----------------------|White oak---------------------| 75 | 57 |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

 Atlas------------------------|Bur oak-----------------------| 70 | 57 |Black oak, bur oak, chinkapin

 |Green ash---------------------| --- | --- | oak, common hackberry,

 |Northern red oak--------------| 70 | 57 | eastern redcedar, green ash.

 |White oak---------------------| 70 | 57 |

 | | | |

897C3: | | | |

 Bunkum-----------------------|White oak---------------------| 75 | 57 |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

 Atlas------------------------|Bur oak-----------------------| 70 | 57 |Black oak, bur oak, chinkapin

 |Green ash---------------------| --- | --- | oak, common hackberry,

 |Northern red oak--------------| 70 | 57 | eastern redcedar, green ash.

 |White oak---------------------| 70 | 57 |

 | | | |

3073A: | | | |

 Ross-------------------------|Black cherry------------------| --- | --- |Common hackberry, common

 |Black walnut------------------| --- | --- | persimmon, eastern

 |Northern red oak--------------| 86 | 72 | cottonwood, green ash,

 |White ash---------------------| --- | --- | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 |White oak---------------------| --- | --- | oak.

 | | | |

3074A: | | | |

 Radford----------------------|Pin oak-----------------------| 96 | 72 |Common hackberry, common

 |Eastern cottonwood------------| --- | --- | persimmon, eastern

 |White ash---------------------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green ash,

 |Tuliptree---------------------| 90 | 86 | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

3107A: | | | |

 Sawmill----------------------|Pin oak-----------------------| 90 | 72 |Common hackberry, common

 |American sycamore-------------| --- | --- | persimmon, eastern

 |Eastern cottonwood------------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

3284A: | | | |

 Tice-------------------------|Virginia pine-----------------| 90 | 90 |Common hackberry, common

 |Eastern cottonwood------------| --- | --- | persimmon, eastern

 |Pin oak-----------------------| 96 | 78 | cottonwood, green ash,

 |White ash---------------------| --- | --- | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 |Tuliptree---------------------| --- | --- | oak.

 | | | |

7148A: | | | |

 Proctor----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, common

 | | | | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 193

Table 11.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |______________________________________________________|

 Map symbol and soil name | | | |

 | Common trees | Site index |Volume of | Suggested trees to plant

 | | |wood fiber|

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

7242A: | | | |

 Kendall----------------------|White oak---------------------| 80 | 57 |Common hackberry, common

 |Northern red oak--------------| 80 | 57 | persimmon, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash,

 | | | | pecan, pin oak, swamp white

 | | | | oak.

 | | | |

8396A: | | | |

 Vesser-----------------------| --- | --- | --- |Common hackberry, eastern

 | | | | cottonwood, green ash, pin

 | | | | oak, river birch, swamp

 | | | | white oak, sweetgum.

 | | | |

MW: | | | |

 Miscellaneous water. | | | |

 | | | |

W: | | | |

 Water. | | | |

 | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
194 Soil Survey of

Table 12a.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 and soil name | construction of | log landings | hazard

 | haul roads and | |

 | log landings | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 195

Table 12a.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 and soil name | construction of | log landings | hazard

 | haul roads and | |

 | log landings | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |
196 Soil Survey of

Table 12a.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 and soil name | construction of | log landings | hazard

 | haul roads and | |

 | log landings | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Ponding |0.50 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 197

Table 12a.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 and soil name | construction of | log landings | hazard

 | haul roads and | |

 | log landings | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Slight | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |
198 Soil Survey of

Table 12a.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 and soil name | construction of | log landings | hazard

 | haul roads and | |

 | log landings | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 199

Table 12a.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 and soil name | construction of | log landings | hazard

 | haul roads and | |

 | log landings | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | Stickiness/slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Flooding |1.00 | |

 | | | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |
200 Soil Survey of

Table 12a.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting

 and soil name | construction of | log landings | hazard

 | haul roads and | |

 | log landings | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 201

Table 12b.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 and soil name | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.27 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.27 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.52 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |
202 Soil Survey of

Table 12b.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 and soil name | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.07 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.09 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.34 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.07 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.07 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.15 | Slope/erodibility|0.47 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.09 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 203

Table 12b.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 and soil name | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Ponding |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.15 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.09 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |
204 Soil Survey of

Table 12b.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 and soil name | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.27 | Slope/erodibility|0.88 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.52 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.93 | Slope/erodibility|1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Slight | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.15 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.09 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.07 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.07 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.09 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.07 | Slope/erodibility|0.39 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 205

Table 12b.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 and soil name | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.10 | Slope/erodibility|0.44 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.15 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |
206 Soil Survey of

Table 12b.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 and soil name | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.18 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.15 | Slope/erodibility|0.83 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.02 | Slope/erodibility|0.11 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope/erodibility|0.01 | Slope/erodibility|0.06 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 207

Table 12c.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 and soil name | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |
208 Soil Survey of

Table 12c.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 and soil name | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Well suited |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 209

Table 12c.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 and soil name | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Well suited |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Well suited | |Unsuited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |
210 Soil Survey of

Table 12c.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 and soil name | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 211

Table 12c.--Forestland Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 and soil name | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | Slope |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
212 Soil Survey of

Table 12d.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but

 does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in

 the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the

 greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings

 in this table.)

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for

 and soil name | mechanical site | mechanical site

 | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

8D2: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

8D3: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

8F: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | |

17A: | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

43A: | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

45A: | | | |

 Denny---------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

46A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

48A: | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

50A: | | | |

 Virden--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

68A: | | | |

 Sable---------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

86B: | | | |

 Osco----------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

112A: | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

113A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

113B: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

119C2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

119D2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

127B: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 213

Table 12d.--Forestland Management--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for

 and soil name | mechanical site | mechanical site

 | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

127C2: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

128B: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

128C2: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

131C2: | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

134B: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

134C2: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

136A: | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

138A: | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

152A: | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

198A: | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

244A: | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

249A: | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

256C2: | | | |

 Pana----------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

257A: | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

259C2: | | | |

 Assumption----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

279B: | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

474A: | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | |

533: | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |
214 Soil Survey of

Table 12d.--Forestland Management--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for

 and soil name | mechanical site | mechanical site

 | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

567C2: | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

570D2: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

570F: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | |

618G: | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | |

660C2: | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | |

675B: | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

679B: | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

684B: | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

685B: | | | |

 Middletown----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

705B: | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

712A: | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

802B: | | | |

 Orthents------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

830: | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

835G: | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

864: | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

865: | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

882A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 215

Table 12d.--Forestland Management--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Suitability for | Suitability for

 and soil name | mechanical site | mechanical site

 | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

894A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | |

897C2: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | |

897C3: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | | |

3073A: | | | |

 Ross----------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

3074A: | | | |

 Radford-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

3107A: | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

3284A: | | | |

 Tice----------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

7148A: | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

7242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

8396A: | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | |

MW: | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

W: | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________
216 Soil Survey of

Table 12e.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the

 dominant soil condition but does not

 eliminate the need for onsite

 investigation. The numbers in the value

 column range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the

 limitation. See text for further

 explanation of ratings in this table.)

_______________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol | Potential for

 and soil name | seedling mortality

 |_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features |

 | | _______________________________________________

 | |

8D2: | |

 Hickory-------------|Low |

 | |

8D3: | |

 Hickory-------------|Low |

 | |

8F: | |

 Hickory-------------|Low |

 | |

17A: | |

 Keomah--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

43A: | |

 Ipava---------------|Low |

 | |

45A: | |

 Denny---------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

46A: | |

 Herrick-------------|Low |

 | |

48A: | |

 Ebbert--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

50A: | |

 Virden--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

68A: | |

 Sable---------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

86B: | |

 Osco----------------|Low |

 | |

112A: | |

 Cowden--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

113A: | |

 Oconee--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

113B: | |

 Oconee--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |
Christian County, Illinois 217

Table 12e.--Forestland Management--Continued

_______________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol | Potential for

 and soil name | seedling mortality

 |_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features |

 | | _______________________________________________

 | |

119C2: | |

 Elco----------------|Low |

 | |

119D2: | |

 Elco----------------|Low |

 | |

127B: | |

 Harrison------------|Low |

 | |

127C2: | |

 Harrison------------|Low |

 | |

128B: | |

 Douglas-------------|Low |

 | |

128C2: | |

 Douglas-------------|Low |

 | |

131C2: | |

 Alvin---------------|Low |

 | |

134B: | |

 Camden--------------|Low |

 | |

134C2: | |

 Camden--------------|Low |

 | |

136A: | |

 Brooklyn------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

138A: | |

 Shiloh--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

152A: | |

 Drummer-------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

198A: | |

 Elburn--------------|Low |

 | |

242A: | |

 Kendall-------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

244A: | |

 Hartsburg-----------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

249A: | |

 Edinburg------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

256C2: | |

 Pana----------------|Low |

 | |

257A: | |

 Clarksdale----------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |
218 Soil Survey of

Table 12e.--Forestland Management--Continued

_______________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol | Potential for

 and soil name | seedling mortality

 |_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features |

 | | _______________________________________________

 | |

259C2: | |

 Assumption----------|Low |

 | |

279B: | |

 Rozetta-------------|Low |

 | |

474A: | |

 Piasa---------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

533: | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated |

 | |

536: | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated |

 | |

567C2: | |

 Elkhart-------------|Low |

 | |

570D2: | |

 Martinsville--------|Low |

 | |

570F: | |

 Martinsville--------|Low |

 | |

618G: | |

 Senachwine----------|Low |

 | |

660C2: | |

 Coatsburg-----------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

675B: | |

 Greenbush-----------|Low |

 | |

679B: | |

 Blackberry----------|Low |

 | |

684B: | |

 Broadwell-----------|Low |

 | |

685B: | |

 Middletown----------|Low |

 | |

705B: | |

 Buckhart------------|Low |

 | |

712A: | |

 Spaulding-----------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | Lime |0.50

 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | |

802B: | |

 Orthents------------|Low |

 | |

830: | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated |

 | |

835G: | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated |

 | |
Christian County, Illinois 219

Table 12e.--Forestland Management--Continued

_______________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol | Potential for

 and soil name | seedling mortality

 |_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features |

 | | _______________________________________________

 | |

864: | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated |

 | |

865: | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated |

 | |

882A: | |

 Oconee--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

 Darmstadt-----------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

 Coulterville--------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

894A: | |

 Herrick-------------|Low |

 | |

 Biddle--------------|Low |

 | |

 Piasa---------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

897C2: | |

 Bunkum--------------|Low |

 | |

 Atlas---------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

897C3: | |

 Bunkum--------------|Low |

 | |

 Atlas---------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

3073A: | |

 Ross----------------|Low |

 | |

3074A: | |

 Radford-------------|Low |

 | |

3107A: | |

 Sawmill-------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

3284A: | |

 Tice----------------|Low |

 | |

7148A: | |

 Proctor-------------|Low |

 | |

7242A: | |

 Kendall-------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |

8396A: | |

 Vesser--------------|High |

 | Wetness |1.00

 | |
220 Soil Survey of

Table 12e.--Forestland Management--Continued

_______________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol | Potential for

 and soil name | seedling mortality

 |_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features |

 | | _______________________________________________

 | |

MW: | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated |

 | |

W: | |

 Water---------------|Not rated |

 | | _______________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 221

Table 13a.--Recreation

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.94 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |
222 Soil Survey of

Table 13a.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.94 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.94 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 223

Table 13a.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | permeability | | permeability |0.21 | permeability |

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |
224 Soil Survey of

Table 13a.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Gravel content |0.08

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Sodium content |1.00 | saturated zone | | Sodium content |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Sodium content |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 225

Table 13a.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.28

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Slope |0.50

 | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
226 Soil Survey of

Table 13a.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.94 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Sodium content |1.00 | Sodium content |1.00 | Sodium content |1.00

 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.94 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.75 | Restricted |0.96

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Sodium content |1.00 | saturated zone | | Sodium content |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Sodium contente |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | saturated zone |

 | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 227

Table 13a.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | saturated zone |

 | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Very limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | |

 water--------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
228 Soil Survey of

Table 13b.--Recreation

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.02 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 229

Table 13b.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
230 Soil Survey of

Table 13b.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Sodium content |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.02 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 231

Table 13b.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Sodium content |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.94

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
232 Soil Survey of

Table 13b.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Sodium content |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Flooding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Flooding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 233

Table 13b.--Recreation--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.86 | Depth to |0.94

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
234 Soil Survey of

Table 14.--Wildlife Habitat

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that no rating is

 applicable.)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |______________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | | | Wild | | | | | | |

 and soil name | Grain |Grasses | herba- |Hardwood| Conif- |Wetland |Shallow |Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 |and seed| and | ceous | trees | erous | plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes | plants | | plants | | areas | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory-----------|Very |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | poor. | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Keomah------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ipava-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Denny-------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ebbert------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Virden------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sable-------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Osco--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Cowden------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco--------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco--------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 235

Table 14.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |______________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | | | Wild | | | | | | |

 and soil name | Grain |Grasses | herba- |Hardwood| Conif- |Wetland |Shallow |Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 |and seed| and | ceous | trees | erous | plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes | plants | | plants | | areas | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas-----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Alvin-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Brooklyn----------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Shiloh------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Drummer-----------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elburn------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hartsburg---------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Edinburg----------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pana--------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarksdale--------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Assumption--------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Rozetta-----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |
236 Soil Survey of

Table 14.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |______________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | | | Wild | | | | | | |

 and soil name | Grain |Grasses | herba- |Hardwood| Conif- |Wetland |Shallow |Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 |and seed| and | ceous | trees | erous | plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes | plants | | plants | | areas | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa-------------|Poor |Fair |Very |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Fair |Good.

 | | | poor. | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

533: | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elkhart-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville------|Very |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | poor. | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | | | | | |

 Senachwine--------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Good |Very

 | poor. | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Coatsburg---------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Poor |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Greenbush---------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Blackberry--------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Broadwell---------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Middletown--------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Buckhart----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Spaulding---------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Orthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

830: | | | | | | | | | |

 Landfills. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | | | | | |

 Earthen dam. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 237

Table 14.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |______________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | | | Wild | | | | | | |

 and soil name | Grain |Grasses | herba- |Hardwood| Conif- |Wetland |Shallow |Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 |and seed| and | ceous | trees | erous | plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes | plants | | plants | | areas | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

864: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

865: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Darmstadt---------|Fair |Good |Very |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair.

 | | | poor. | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Coulterville------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Biddle------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa-------------|Poor |Fair |Very |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Fair |Good.

 | | | poor. | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ross--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Radford-----------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sawmill-----------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Tice--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Proctor-----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Vesser------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |
238 Soil Survey of

Table 14.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |______________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | | | Wild | | | | | | |

 and soil name | Grain |Grasses | herba- |Hardwood| Conif- |Wetland |Shallow |Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 |and seed| and | ceous | trees | erous | plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes | plants | | plants | | areas | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | | | | |

 water. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | | | | |

 Water. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 239

Table 15a.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate

 the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to

 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential limitation. See text for further

 explanation of ratings in this table.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

and soil name| basements | basements | buildings

 |_________________________|_________________________|__________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |
240 Soil Survey of

Table 15a.--Building Site Development--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

and soil name| basements | basements | buildings

 |_________________________|_________________________|__________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco--------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco--------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Slope |0.97

 | | | Depth to |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco--------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Slope |0.96 | |

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |0.99 | Slope |0.97

 | | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 241

Table 15a.--Building Site Development--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

and soil name| basements | basements | buildings

 |_________________________|_________________________|__________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin-------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden------|Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden------|Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |
242 Soil Survey of

Table 15a.--Building Site Development--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

and soil name| basements | basements | buildings

 |_________________________|_________________________|__________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana--------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale--|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption--|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | Depth to |0.99 | Slope |0.97

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land--|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |0.16 | Slope |0.97

 | | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine--|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 243

Table 15a.--Building Site Development--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

and soil name| basements | basements | buildings

 |_________________________|_________________________|__________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush---|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry--|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell---|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown--|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents----|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills---|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, | | | | | |

 quarries---|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, | | | | | |

 gravel-----|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
244 Soil Survey of

Table 15a.--Building Site Development--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

and soil name| basements | basements | buildings

 |_________________________|_________________________|__________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Biddle------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Piasa-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 245

Table 15a.--Building Site Development--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

and soil name| basements | basements | buildings

 |_________________________|_________________________|__________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellanous| | | | | |

 water------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________
246 Soil Survey of

Table 15b.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not

 eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range

 from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential limitation. See

 text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96

 | Slope |0.96 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96

 | Slope |0.96 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.94 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.75 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low sttength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.75 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 247

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco--------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.94 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.94 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |
248 Soil Survey of

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco--------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco--------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | Slope |0.96

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin-------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |0.01 | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 249

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.75 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.94 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana--------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |
250 Soil Survey of

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale--|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.94 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption--|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Sodium content |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land--|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |0.96

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.96 | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine--|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 251

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |0.02 | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush---|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry--|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown--|Very limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills---|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
252 Soil Survey of

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, | | | | | |

 quarries---|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, | | | | | |

 gravel-----|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.94 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt---|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Sodium content |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.94

 | Depth to |0.94 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.94 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.75 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Biddle------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.75 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Piasa-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Sodium content |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.75 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 253

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Atlas-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.94 | Too clayey |0.01 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.75 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas-------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Depth to |0.94 | Too clayey |0.01 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross--------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | Flooding |1.00

 | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.75 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.75 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |
254 Soil Survey of

Table 15b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil | streets | |

 name |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-----|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Flooding |0.40 | | | |

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-----|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.94 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Flooding |0.40 | | | |

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

Miscellaneous| | | | | |

 water-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 255

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but

 does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in

 the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the

 greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings

 in this table.)

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

8D2: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

8D3: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

8F: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

17A: | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

43A: | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

45A: | | | |

 Denny---------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

46A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

48A: | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |
256 Soil Survey of

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

50A: | | | |

 Virden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

68A: | | | |

 Sable---------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

86B: | | | |

 Osco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | Slope |0.18

 | Depth to |0.40 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

112A: | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

113A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

113B: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.18

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

119C2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | |

119D2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | Slope |0.96 | |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 257

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

127B: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.18

 | | | |

127C2: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | |

128B: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | Slope |0.18

 | | | |

128C2: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | |

131C2: | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | |

134B: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | Slope |0.18

 | | | |

134C2: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | Slope |1.00

 | | | |

136A: | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

138A: | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |
258 Soil Survey of

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

152A: | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

198A: | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Restricted |0.46 | saturated zone |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

244A: | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

249A: | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.28

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

256C2: | | | |

 Pana----------------|Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | |

257A: | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

259C2: | | | |

 Assumption----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 259

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

279B: | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | Slope |0.18

 | Depth to |0.40 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

474A: | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

533: | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

567C2: | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | Depth to |0.43 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

570D2: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

570F: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

618G: | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

660C2: | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

675B: | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | Slope |0.18

 | Depth to |0.40 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |
260 Soil Survey of

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

679B: | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | Slope |0.18

 | | | |

684B: | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Poor filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |0.18

 | Restricted |0.46 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

685B: | | | |

 Middletown----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Poor filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |0.18

 | Restricted |0.46 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

705B: | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | Slope |0.18

 | | | |

712A: | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

802B: | | | |

 Orthents------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |0.32

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

830: | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

835G: | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

864: | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

865: | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

882A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 261

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

882A: | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

894A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

897C2: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

897C3: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |
262 Soil Survey of

Table 16a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

3073A: | | | |

 Ross----------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | Depth to |0.40 | |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

3074A: | | | |

 Radford-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

3107A: | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

3284A: | | | |

 Tice----------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

7148A: | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | Flooding |0.40

 | Flooding |0.40 | |

 | | | |

7242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | Flooding |0.40

 | Flooding |0.40 | |

 | | | |

8396A: | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

MW: | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

W: | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 263

Table 16b.--Sanitary Facilities

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |
264 Soil Survey of

Table 16b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.32 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.25

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96

 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.32 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.25

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.32 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.25

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.32 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.25

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 265

Table 16b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | Too sandy |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
266 Soil Survey of

Table 16b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to |0.32 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.25

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Sodium content |1.00 | | | Sodium content |1.00

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.96 | Slope |0.96

 | Slope |0.96 | | | |

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 267

Table 16b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.25

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.25

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
268 Soil Survey of

Table 16b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Sodium content |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Sodium content |1.00 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Sodium content |1.00 | | | Sodium content |1.00

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 269

Table 16b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | |

 | Flooding |0.40 | | | |

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | Flooding |0.40 | Too clayey |0.50

 | Flooding |0.40 | | | |

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
270 Soil Survey of

Table 17a.--Construction Materials

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but

 does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The ratings

 given for the thickest layer are for the thickest layer above the

 bottom layer. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.00 to

 0.99. The greater the value, the greater the likelihood that the

 bottom layer or thickest layer of the soil is a source of sand or

 gravel. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

8D2: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

8D3: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

8F: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

17A: | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

43A: | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

45A: | | | |

 Denny---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

46A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

48A: | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

50A: | | | |

 Virden--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

68A: | | | |

 Sable---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 271

Table 17a.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

86B: | | | |

 Osco----------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

112A: | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

113A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

113B: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

119C2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

119D2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

127B: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

127C2: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

128B: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

128C2: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

131C2: | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.01

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.15

 | | | |

134B: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.02

 | | | |
272 Soil Survey of

Table 17a.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

134C2: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.10

 | | | |

136A: | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

138A: | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

152A: | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | |

198A: | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.10

 | | | |

242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

244A: | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

249A: | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

256C2: | | | |

 Pana----------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.10

 | | | |

257A: | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

259C2: | | | |

 Assumption----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

279B: | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 273

Table 17a.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

474A: | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

533: | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

567C2: | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

570D2: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | |

570F: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | |

618G: | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

660C2: | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

675B: | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

679B: | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

684B: | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.50

 | | | |

685B: | | | |

 Middletown----------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.10

 | | | |

705B: | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |
274 Soil Survey of

Table 17a.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

712A: | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

802B: | | | |

 Orthents------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

830: | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

835G: | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

864: | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

865: | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

882A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

894A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

897C2: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

897C3: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 275

Table 17a.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

897C3: | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

3073A: | | | |

 Ross----------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | |

3074A: | | | |

 Radford-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

3107A: | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

3284A: | | | |

 Tice----------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

7148A: | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.10

 | | | |

7242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.10

 | | | |

8396A: | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | |

MW: | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

W: | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________
276 Soil Survey of

Table 17b.--Construction Materials

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but

 does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in

 the value columns range from 0.00 to 0.99. The smaller the value,

 the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of

 ratings in this table.)

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

8D2: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.04

 | Shrink-swell |0.97 | Too clayey |0.57

 | | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | | |

8D3: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.04

 | Shrink-swell |0.97 | Too clayey |0.58

 | | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | | |

8F: | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.58

 | Shrink-swell |0.98 | Rock fragments |0.88

 | | | |

 | | | |

17A: | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.05

 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | |

 | | | |

43A: | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.14

 | Depth to |0.14 | Depth to |0.14

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.83 | |

 | | | |

45A: | | | |

 Denny---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.01

 | Shrink-swell |0.74 | |

 | | | |

46A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.05

 | Depth to |0.14 | Depth to |0.14

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.47 | |

 | | | |

 | | | |

48A: | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.64

 | Shrink-swell |0.97 | |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 277

Table 17b.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

50A: | | | |

 Virden--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.02

 | Shrink-swell |0.35 | |

 | | | |

68A: | | | |

 Sable---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.98

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | |

86B: | | | |

 Osco----------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.64

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | |

 | | | |

112A: | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.05

 | Shrink-swell |0.57 | |

 | | | |

113A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.05

 | Shrink-swell |0.38 | |

 | | | |

113B: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.05

 | Shrink-swell |0.38 | |

 | | | |

119C2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.57

 | Shrink-swell |0.43 | Depth to |0.98

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

119D2: | | | |

 Elco----------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.04

 | Shrink-swell |0.38 | Too clayey |0.57

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | |

127B: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.67

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Depth to |0.98

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |
278 Soil Survey of

Table 17b.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

127C2: | | | |

 Harrison------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.67

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Depth to |0.98

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

128B: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.64

 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | |

 | | | |

128C2: | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.64

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | |

131C2: | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Good | |Good |

 | | | |

134B: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Good | |Fair |

 | | | Too clayey |0.55

 | | | |

134C2: | | | |

 Camden--------------|Good | |Fair |

 | | | Too clayey |0.49

 | | | |

136A: | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.82 | |

 | | | |

 | | | |

138A: | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.18

 | Shrink-swell |0.12 | |

 | | | |

152A: | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.81

 | Shrink-swell |0.99 | |

 | | | |

198A: | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.81

 | Shrink-swell |0.99 | |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 279

Table 17b.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.57

 | Shrink-swell |0.95 | Too acid |0.99

 | | | |

244A: | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.98

 | | | |

249A: | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.17 | |

 | | | |

256C2: | | | |

 Pana----------------|Good | |Fair |

 | | | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | Too clayey |0.57

 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.80

 | | | |

257A: | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.01

 | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |0.04

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | |

259C2: | | | |

 Assumption----------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.64

 | Shrink-swell |0.31 | Depth to |0.98

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

279B: | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.57

 | Shrink-swell |0.92 | |

 | | | |

474A: | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Sodium content |0.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.49 | Too clayey |0.01

 | | | |

533: | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

567C2: | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.64

 | | | |
280 Soil Survey of

Table 17b.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

570D2: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Good | |Fair |

 | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | Too clayey |0.57

 | | | |

570F: | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | | Too clayey |0.57

 | | | |

618G: | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.16

 | | | |

660C2: | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.12 | |

 | | | |

675B: | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.70

 | Shrink-swell |0.91 | |

 | | | |

679B: | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.63

 | Shrink-swell |0.93 | Depth to |0.98

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

684B: | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.64

 | Shrink-swell |0.98 | |

 | | | |

685B: | | | |

 Middletown----------|Fair | |Fair |

 | Shrink-swell |0.99 | Too clayey |0.57

 | | | |

705B: | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.67

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Depth to |0.98

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

712A: | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Carbonate content|0.68

 | Shrink-swell |0.98 | Too clayey |0.98

 | | | |

802B: | | | |

 Orthents------------|Poor | |Good |

 | Low strength |0.00 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 281

Table 17b.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

830: | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

835G: | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

864: | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

865: | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

882A: | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.05

 | Shrink-swell |0.38 | |

 | | | |

 | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Sodium content |0.00

 | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |0.04

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.64

 | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Sodium content |0.22

 | Shrink-swell |0.90 | Too clayey |0.64

 | | | |

894A: | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.05

 | Depth to |0.14 | Depth to |0.14

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.47 | |

 | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.05

 | Depth to |0.14 | Depth to |0.14

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.28 | Sodium content |0.22

 | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Sodium content |0.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.49 | Too clayey |0.01

 | | | |

897C2: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.70

 | Shrink-swell |0.99 | |

 | | | |
282 Soil Survey of

Table 17b.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

897C2: | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.01

 | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |0.04

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.22 | |

 | | | |

897C3: | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.70

 | Shrink-swell |0.99 | |

 | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.05

 | Shrink-swell |0.22 | |

 | | | |

3073A: | | | |

 Ross----------------|Fair | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.22 | Hard to reclaim |0.98

 | | | |

3074A: | | | |

 Radford-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

3107A: | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.98

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | |

3284A: | | | |

 Tice----------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.64

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | |

7148A: | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Fair | |Fair |

 | Shrink-swell |0.97 | Too clayey |0.67

 | | | |

7242A: | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Poor | |Fair |

 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.04

 | Depth to |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.57

 | Shrink-swell |0.95 | |

 | | | |

8396A: | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Poor | |Poor |

 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low strength |0.00 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 283

Table 17b.--Construction Materials--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Potential as source of | Potential as source of

 and soil name | roadfill | topsoil

 |_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

MW: | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

W: | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________
284 Soil Survey of

Table 18a.--Water Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.01 | Depth to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.02 | | | |

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.09 | Depth to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.02 | | | |

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.21 | Depth to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.34 | | | |

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.30 | |

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.08 | |

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.17 | |

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.12 | |

 | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 285

Table 18a.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.03 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |0.68 | Slow refill |0.98

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.14

 | | | Piping |0.03 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |0.68 | Slow refill |0.98

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.14

 | Slope |0.02 | Piping |0.02 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |0.68 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.14

 | | | Piping |0.01 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |0.68 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.14

 | | | Piping |0.01 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.30 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.25 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.15 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |
286 Soil Survey of

Table 18a.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.82 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.02 | |

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.43 | |

 | | | Seepage |0.03 | |

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.52 | |

 | | | Seepage |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.96 | |

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.34 | |

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.54 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Hard to pack |0.47 | |

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.10 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 287

Table 18a.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |0.68 | Slow refill |0.98

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.14

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.01 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.08 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.02 | Seepage |0.01 | |

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.34 | Seepage |0.01 | |

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Piping |0.96 | Depth to water |1.00

 | Seepage |0.72 | | | |

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Hard to pack |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.17 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |
288 Soil Survey of

Table 18a.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |0.90 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |0.68 | Depth to water |0.14

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.97 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.50 | |

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.82 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |0.68 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.14

 | | | Piping |0.06 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Piping |0.50 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Piping |1.00 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 289

Table 18a.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.78 | |

 | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.53 | |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Hard to pack |0.49 | |

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.44 | |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Hard to pack |0.72 | |

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.03 | |

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.34 | |

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.02 | |

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.01 | |

 | | | | | |
290 Soil Survey of

Table 18a.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.57 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.82 | |

 | | | Seepage |0.10 | |

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.05 | |

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 291

Table 18b.--Water Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.96

 | | | Water erosion |0.89 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.96

 | | | Water erosion |0.56 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | |

 Hickory-------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | Slope |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | |

 Keomah--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | |

 Ipava---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | |

 Denny---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

50A: | | | | | |

 Virden--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |
292 Soil Survey of

Table 18b.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | |

 Sable---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | |

 Osco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.15

 | | | Slope |0.25 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | |

 Cowden--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

 | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.99 | |

 | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | |

 Elco----------------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.96

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

127C2: | | | | | |

 Harrison------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.99 | |

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 293

Table 18b.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

 | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | |

 Douglas-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.99 | |

 | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | |

 Alvin---------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | Water erosion |0.17 | |

 | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

 | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | |

 Camden--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.99 | |

 | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.01

 | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | Water erosion |0.17 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | |

 Drummer-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | |

 Elburn--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |
294 Soil Survey of

Table 18b.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | |

 Edinburg------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | |

 Pana----------------|Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Water erosion |0.56 | |

 | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | |

 Assumption----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.99 | |

 | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.15

 | | | Slope |0.25 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

533: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.16

 | | | Slope |0.99 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | Water erosion |0.89 | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 295

Table 18b.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | |

 Martinsville--------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | Slope |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | |

 Senachwine----------|Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | Slope |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | Slope |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Water erosion |0.56 | Too clayey |0.02

 | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.15

 | | | Slope |0.25 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | |

 Blackberry----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

 | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

 | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | |

 Middletown----------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

 | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | |

 Buckhart------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.25 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.25 | |

 | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | |

 Orthents------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | Slope |0.36 | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.36 | |

 | | | | | |
296 Soil Survey of

Table 18b.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

830: | | | | | |

 Landfills-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | |

 Earthen dam---------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

864: | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

865: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | |

 Oconee--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 Coulterville--------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | |

 Herrick-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 Biddle--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 Piasa---------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.99 | |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | Slope |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Water erosion |0.89 | Too clayey |0.01

 | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 297

Table 18b.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Slope |0.99 | |

 | | | | | |

 Atlas---------------|Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | Slope |0.99 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | Slope |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Water erosion |0.56 | Too clayey |0.01

 | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | |

 Ross----------------|Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |0.89 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | Depth to |0.15

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | |

 Radford-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Water erosion |0.56 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | |

 Tice----------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Water erosion |0.89 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | |

 Proctor-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | |

 Kendall-------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | |

 Vesser--------------|Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |
298 Soil Survey of

Table 18b.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Grassed waterways and | Terraces and diversions | Tile drains and

 and soil name | surface drains | | underground outlets

 |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 299

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties

(Absence of an entry indicates that the data were not estimated.)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory------| 0-6 |Loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|90-100|75-95 |20-35 | 8-15

 | 6-47 |Clay loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|75-100|70-95 |65-80 |30-50 |15-30

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 47-60 |Sandy loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |85-100|75-95 |70-95 |60-80 |20-40 | 5-20

 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory------| 0-8 |Clay loam |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95 |70-85 |35-45 |15-25

 | 8-46 |Clay loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|75-100|70-95 |65-80 |35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 46-58 |Clay loam, |CL, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-1 | 0-5 |85-100|70-95 |45-95 |25-75 |25-40 |10-20

 | | loam, gravelly| SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 58-80 |Loam, sandy |CL, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-1 | 0-5 |85-100|70-95 |45-95 |25-75 |25-40 |10-20

 | | loam, gravelly| SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|75-100|55-100|30-35 |10-15

 | 4-12 |Loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|75-100|55-100|25-30 |10-15

 | 12-46 |Clay loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |85-100|70-100|65-95 |50-85 |35-45 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | gravelly clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 46-58 |Clay loam, |CL, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-1 | 0-5 |85-100|70-95 |45-95 |25-75 |25-40 |10-20

 | | loam, gravelly| SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 58-80 |Loam, sandy |CL, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-1 | 0-5 |85-100|70-95 |45-95 |25-75 |25-40 |10-20

 | | loam, gravelly| SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Keomah-------| 0-11 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|25-35 |10-15

 | 11-18 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|25-35 |10-20

 | 18-33 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|45-55 |25-30

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 33-51 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 51-89 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ipava--------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL |A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|24-37 | 4-14

 | 10-18 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|40-46 |15-20

 | 18-31 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|45-57 |22-32

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 31-50 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|37-46 |16-24

 | 50-60 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |96-100|93-100|24-37 | 7-18

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
300 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Denny--------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|30-40 | 8-15

 | 9-22 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|25-40 | 5-15

 | 22-45 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|35-60 |15-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 45-70 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|25-40 |11-20

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick------| 0-13 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 13-39 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|49-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 39-60 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|40-55 |20-35

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 60-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ebbert-------| 0-11 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|29-37 | 9-16

 | 11-16 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|27-35 | 9-16

 | 16-52 |Silty clay loam|ML, CL |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|37-46 |16-24

 | 52-63 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|29-37 |11-18

 | 63-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Virden-------| 0-16 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|30-50 |10-25

 | 16-49 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|40-60 |20-40

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 49-60 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-50 |10-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Sable--------| 0-17 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL, MH, |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|30-55 |10-25

 | | | ML | | | | | | | | |

 | 17-23 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL, MH, |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|41-65 |15-35

 | | | ML | | | | | | | | |

 | 23-60 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|40-55 |20-35

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Osco---------| 0-14 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-45 | 7-20

 | 14-55 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|40-50 |15-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 55-60 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-45 | 7-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 301

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Cowden-------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 8-19 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 19-50 |Silty clay |CH |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|50-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 50-58 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|30-40 | 9-20

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 58-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee-------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 8-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 16-47 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|50-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 47-65 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-50 |15-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 65-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee-------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 8-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 16-47 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|50-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 47-65 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-50 |15-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 65-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco---------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-40 | 5-15

 | 8-31 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|25-45 |10-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 31-60 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|80-100|60-95 |25-50 |10-30

 | | loam, loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco---------| 0-6 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|25-40 | 5-15

 | 6-28 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|25-45 |10-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 28-60 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|80-100|60-95 |25-50 |10-30

 | | loam, loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
302 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison-----| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|30-40 | 8-15

 | 10-45 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|30-45 |10-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 45-65 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|85-100|80-85 |70-80 |30-50 |10-25

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 65-80 |Clay loam, |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-100|80-95 |70-90 |35-55 |15-30

 | | clay, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison-----| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|30-40 | 8-15

 | 8-45 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|30-45 |10-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 45-65 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|85-100|80-85 |70-80 |30-50 |10-25

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 65-80 |Clay loam, |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-100|80-95 |70-90 |35-55 |15-30

 | | clay, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas------| 0-11 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|29-37 | 9-15

 | 11-43 |Silty clay |ML, CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-46 |15-24

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 43-80 |Silt loam, clay|CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|75-95 |60-90 |24-40 | 7-21

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas------| 0-8 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |29-37 | 9-15

 | 8-43 |Silty clay |ML, CL |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |35-46 |15-24

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 43-80 |Silt loam, clay|CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|75-95 |60-90 |24-40 | 7-21

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Alvin--------| 0-7 |Fine sandy loam|ML, SM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |80-95 |30-60 | 0-25 |NP-4

 | 7-42 |Very fine sandy|CL, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|70-100|30-55 |15-40 |NP-15

 | | loam, sandy | SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 42-80 |Very fine sand,|SM, SP, SP-SM|A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|45-95 | 4-35 |15-20 |NP-4

 | | fine sandy | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, loamy | | | | | | | | | |

 | | fine sand | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 303

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden-------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 9-14 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|25-35 |10-20

 | 14-22 |Silty clay |CL, ML |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|25-35 |10-20

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 22-35 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |98-100|95-100|90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 35-52 |Clay loam, |CL, ML, SC- |A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|70-90 |45-80 |25-35 |10-15

 | | loam, sandy | SM, SC | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 52-80 |Stratified |SC, CL-ML, |A-6, A-4, A-2| 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|65-95 |20-60 |25-30 | 5-15

 | | sandy loam to | CL, SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam to sandy | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden-------| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|24-37 | 6-15

 | 7-34 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |97-100|95-100|95-100|35-46 |14-24

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 34-43 |Loam, clay loam|CL, ML, SC |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |90-100|90-100|70-85 |45-70 |25-33 | 8-14

 | 43-80 |Stratified |SC-SM, SM |A-2-4, A-4, | 0 | 0 |90-100|80-100|35-60 |15-40 |19-25 | 1-7

 | | loamy sand to | | A-1-b | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Brooklyn-----| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 7-17 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 17-44 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|45-60 |25-40

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 44-60 |Stratified loam|CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |60-90 |30-70 |15-38 | 5-20

 | | to silt loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | to clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Shiloh-------| 0-27 |Silty clay |CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|40-50 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 27-52 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|40-65 |15-40

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 52-80 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-50 |15-30

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Drummer------| 0-14 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-7-6, A-7-5 | 0 | 0 | 100 |97-100|95-100|85-100|40-46 |15-19

 | 14-41 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |97-100|95-100|85-100|37-46 |16-24

 | 41-47 |Loam |CL, ML, SC |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90 |45-80 |25-33 | 8-14

 | 47-60 |Stratified loam|SC, CL, SM, |A-4, A-2-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|55-95 |30-65 |22-28 | 4-10

 | | to sandy loam | CL-ML, SC-SM| | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
304 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elburn-------| 0-16 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|24-37 | 4-14

 | 16-49 |Silty clay |CL, ML |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|37-46 |16-24

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 49-58 |Stratified |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|85-100|55-75 |20-30 | 5-15

 | | sandy loam to | SC-SM, ML | | | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 58-62 |Stratified |SC-SM, SM |A-2-4, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|50-85 |20-45 |19-25 | 1-7

 | | loamy sand to | | | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall------| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-35 | 5-15

 | 7-11 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-35 | 5-15

 | 11-51 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-20

 | 51-58 |Loam, silt |CL, SC-SM |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90 |50-70 |25-35 | 8-15

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 58-74 |Stratified |CL, CL-ML, |A-4 | 0 | 0-3 |95-100|90-100|70-90 |40-70 |20-30 |NP-10

 | | sandy loam to | SC-SM, SC | | | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 74-80 |Stratified |SC-SM, SC, |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |65-95 |60-80 |50-70 |35-50 |20-30 |NP-10

 | | gravelly sandy| CL-ML, CL | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam to silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hartsburg----| 0-17 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-7-6, A-7-5 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|40-46 |15-19

 | 17-34 |Silty clay |CL, ML |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |97-100|95-100|37-46 |16-24

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 34-60 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |97-100|95-100|85-100|24-37 | 7-18

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Edinburg-----| 0-16 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-50 |16-25

 | 16-55 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|45-70 |25-45

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 55-60 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-20

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pana---------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |75-100|60-90 |50-80 |21-29 | 3-10

 | 9-71 |Loam, gravelly |CL, SC-SM, |A-2-7, A-6, | 0 | 0 |95-100|65-95 |45-90 |25-75 |29-46 |11-25

 | | clay loam, | SC, SM | A-7-6, A-2-6| | | | | | | |

 | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 71-80 |Gravelly sand, |SP-SC, SP-SM,|A-2-4, A-4, | 0 | 0 |95-100|50-75 |30-60 | 5-40 | 8-23 |NP-8

 | | gravelly loam,| SC, SM | A-1-b | | | | | | | |

 | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 305

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarksdale---| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-40 |10-20

 | 8-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-35 | 8-18

 | 16-47 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|40-65 |25-40

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 47-67 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 |10-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 67-80 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|95-100|90-100|25-40 |10-20

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Assumption---| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-40 | 8-20

 | 8-24 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-50 |10-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 24-60 |Clay loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 | 100 |95-100|90-100|70-90 |35-50 |20-35

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Rozetta------| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|24-35 | 8-15

 | 7-11 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|20-30 | 5-15

 | 11-55 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|35-50 |15-30

 | 55-60 |Silt loam, |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|25-40 | 7-20

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa--------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 8-12 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 12-48 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|50-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 48-80 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|75-100|60-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

533: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elkhart------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|25-35 | 8-15

 | 8-34 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-50 |18-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 34-60 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|20-37 | 8-20

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
306 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville | 0-10 |Sandy loam |SM, SC-SM |A-4, A-2-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |85-100|55-85 |30-50 |10-20 |NP-6

 | 10-34 |Clay loam, |CL, SC, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |70-90 |40-75 |25-40 | 9-17

 | | silty clay | SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, sandy | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 34-44 |Fine sandy |SC-SM, SC, |A-4, A-6, | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |70-90 |30-70 |25-35 | 6-12

 | | loam, loam, | CL-ML, CL | A-2-4, A-2-6| | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 44-60 |Stratified sand|SM, SC, ML |A-2-4, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |60-90 |20-70 |15-30 | 2-10

 | | to silt loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville | 0-5 |Loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|60-80 |24-28 | 4-8

 | 5-10 |Loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|60-80 |22-28 | 4-10

 | 10-34 |Clay loam, |SC-SM, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |70-90 |40-75 |25-40 | 9-17

 | | silty clay | SC, ML | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, sandy | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 34-44 |Fine sandy |CL, CL-ML, |A-2-4, A-2-6,| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |70-90 |30-70 |25-35 | 6-12

 | | loam, loam, | SC, SC-SM | A-4, A-6 | | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 44-60 |Stratified sand|SM, SC, ML |A-2-4, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |60-90 |20-70 |15-30 | 2-10

 | | to silt loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Senachwine---| 0-3 |Loam |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|80-95 |55-75 |24-30 | 4-9

 | 3-7 |Loam, silt loam|CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|80-95 |55-75 |24-28 | 5-10

 | 7-25 |Clay loam |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|70-95 |55-85 |33-40 |12-18

 | 25-33 |Clay loam, loam|ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|70-95 |55-80 |30-35 |10-15

 | 33-60 |Loam, clay loam|CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|70-95 |50-80 |25-35 | 5-15

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Coatsburg----| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-40 | 5-15

 | 7-80 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|75-90 |65-85 |50-70 |35-55

 | | clay, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Greenbush----| 0-14 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 14-60 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 60-80 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|30-40 |11-20

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Blackberry---| 0-16 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|20-30 | 5-15

 | 16-47 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 |10-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 47-62 |Stratified loam|CL, CL-ML, |A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|70-90 |45-75 |20-30 | 5-10

 | | to silt loam, | ML, SC-SM, | | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam | SC | | | | | | | | |

 | 62-70 |Stratified silt|CL-ML, CL, |A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90 |40-70 |15-25 |NP-10

 | | loam to loam | ML, SC-SM, | | | | | | | | |

 | | to sandy loam | SM, SC | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 307

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Broadwell----| 0-15 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-45 | 5-20

 | 15-50 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 50-55 |Loamy fine |SC, SC-SM |A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|80-90 |35-50 |20-30 | 5-10

 | | sand, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, fine | | | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 55-80 |Loamy sand, |SC-SM, SM, |A-2, A-3 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |75-95 | 4-35 | 0-20 |NP-5

 | | fine sand, | SP, SP-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | sand | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Middletown---| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|25-40 | 5-15

 | 9-12 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |90-100|25-40 | 5-15

 | 12-44 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-50 |15-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 44-47 |Clay loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|90-100|20-35 | 4-15

 | | loam, fine | | | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loamy fine | | | | | | | | | |

 | | sand | | | | | | | | | |

 | 47-80 |Loamy fine |SC, SC-SM, |A-2, A-3, A-4| 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|75-95 | 5-40 | 0-20 |NP-10

 | | sand, fine | SM, SP-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | sand, loamy | | | | | | | | | |

 | | sand | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Buckhart-----| 0-15 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|35-45 |10-20

 | 15-67 |Silty clay |CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|40-50 |15-25

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 67-80 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | 100 |95-100|30-40 |11-20

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Spaulding----| 0-22 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|45-60 |20-35

 | 22-38 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|40-60 |20-35

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 38-44 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|35-55 |20-35

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 44-80 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|30-40 |10-20

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Orthents-----| 0-6 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|85-95 |60-90 |20-40 |10-20

 | 6-60 |Loam, silt |CL |A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|85-95 |60-90 |20-40 |10-20

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

830: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Landfills. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Earthen dam. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

864: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, | | | | | | | | | | | |

 quarries. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
308 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

865: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel.| | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee-------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-40 |15-25

 | 8-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-40 |15-25

 | 16-47 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|40-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 47-65 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|40-50 |20-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 65-80 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|30-50 |10-20

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Darmstadt----| 0-11 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|75-100|20-30 | 5-15

 | 11-21 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-40 |15-20

 | 21-39 |Silty clay |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-40 |15-20

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 39-62 |Silt loam, |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-40 |10-20

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 62-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-100|80-100|30-40 |10-20

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Coulterville | 0-7 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 7-23 |Silty clay |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |15-20

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 23-56 |Silty clay |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|30-45 |10-20

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 56-80 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-95 |30-40 |10-20

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick------| 0-13 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 13-39 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|49-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 39-60 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|40-55 |20-35

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 60-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 309

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Biddle-------| 0-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 16-36 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|49-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 36-76 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|40-55 |20-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 76-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-50 |15-30

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa--------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 8-12 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|35-45 |15-25

 | 12-48 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|95-100|50-60 |30-35

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 48-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|35-45 |15-25

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum-------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|25-40 | 5-15

 | 8-40 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|35-45 |15-20

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 40-58 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|25-35 | 9-15

 | 58-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|30-50 |10-20

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas--------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|75-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 9-31 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|95-100|75-95 |50-70 |30-45

 | | loam, clay, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 31-51 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|95-100|75-95 |50-70 |30-45

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 51-80 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-98 |90-98 |65-95 |35-55 |20-30

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum-------| 0-8 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-4, A-6, | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|30-45 | 9-20

 | | | | A-7-6 | | | | | | | |

 | 8-40 |Silty clay |CL |A-6, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|35-45 |15-20

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 40-58 |Silt loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|25-35 | 9-15

 | 58-80 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-100|30-50 |10-20

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
310 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas--------| 0-9 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|75-100|40-60 |25-40

 | 9-31 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|95-100|75-95 |50-70 |30-45

 | | loam, clay, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 31-51 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|95-100|75-95 |50-70 |30-45

 | | loam, clay, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | 51-80 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-98 |90-98 |65-95 |35-55 |20-30

 | | clay loam, | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ross---------| 0-13 |Silt loam, loam|CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |90-100|90-100|80-100|65-95 |20-35 |NP-12

 | 13-43 |Loam, silt |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0 |90-100|85-100|70-100|55-95 |22-45 | 3-20

 | | loam, silty | | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 43-60 |Gravelly sandy |CL, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-5 |65-100|45-100|30-100|25-80 | 0-30 |NP-12

 | | loam, | SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | stratified | | | | | | | | | |

 | | sandy loam to | | | | | | | | | |

 | | silt loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Radford------| 0-12 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|30-40 | 5-15

 | 12-33 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-100|25-35 | 5-15

 | 33-80 |Silt loam, |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|70-95 |35-50 |15-25

 | | silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Sawmill------| 0-32 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-7-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |97-100|95-100|85-100|40-46 |16-21

 | 32-58 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |97-100|85-100|80-95 |37-46 |16-22

 | 58-65 |Silty clay |CL, ML |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |97-100|85-100|80-95 |37-46 |16-22

 | | loam, clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Tice---------| 0-14 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-100|80-95 |30-45 |10-25

 | 14-52 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-95 |40-55 |15-30

 | | loam, silt | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 52-72 |Stratified loam|CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |60-95 |55-80 |25-45 | 5-20

 | | to silty clay | | | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Proctor------| 0-16 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|90-100|25-40 |10-20

 | 16-34 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|85-100|85-100|25-50 |10-25

 | 34-53 |Clay loam, |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4, | 0 | 0 |90-100|85-100|75-100|30-80 |20-45 | 5-25

 | | loam, sandy | SC, SC-SM | A-6, A-7 | | | | | | | |

 | | loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | 53-60 |Loamy sand, |SC, SC-SM, SM|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|80-100|50-100|25-50 | 0-25 |NP-10

 | | sandy loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 311

Table 19.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passing | |

 Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number-- |Liquid| Plasand soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________________|limit |ticity

 | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | 200 | |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | | | Pct |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-95 |20-35 | 5-15

 | 9-14 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-95 |15-30 | 5-15

 | 14-54 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-100|85-95 |30-45 |10-20

 | 54-60 |Stratified |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |98-100|80-90 |60-90 |30-70 |15-25 | 4-15

 | | sandy loam to | SC, SC-SM | | | | | | | | |

 | | clay loam | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Vesser-------| 0-14 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|30-40 |10-20

 | 14-26 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|30-40 |10-20

 | 26-80 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |98-100|95-100|40-50 |15-25

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous| | | | | | | | | | | |

 water. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Water. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
312 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Physical Properties of the Soils

(Entries under "Erosion factors--T" apply to the entire profile. Entries under "Wind erodibility group" and "Wind erodibility

 index" apply only to the surface layer. Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | | | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory-------| 0-6 | 15-45| 30-66| 19-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 6-47 | 15-45| 20-58| 27-35|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | 47-60 | 30-45| 23-55| 15-32|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory-------| 0-8 | 20-40| 30-50| 27-35|1.40-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .32 | 4 | 6 | 48

 | 8-46 | 20-45| 30-50| 24-35|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | 46-58 | 25-49| 28-50| 15-32|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | 58-80 | 30-55| 25-50| 15-30|1.50-1.75| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory-------| 0-4 | 10-30| 45-70| 18-25|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 4-12 | 15-45| 33-70| 15-22|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 12-46 | 15-45| 30-50| 24-35|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | 46-58 | 25-49| 28-50| 15-32|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | 58-80 | 30-55| 25-50| 15-30|1.50-1.75| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Keomah--------| 0-11 | 0-7 | 67-84| 16-26|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 11-18 | 0-7 | 67-84| 16-26|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 18-33 | 0-7 | 51-65| 35-42|1.30-1.40| 0.06-0.2 |0.15-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 33-51 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.35-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 51-89 | 0-7 | 66-85| 15-27|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ipava---------| 0-10 | 2-7 | 66-83| 15-27|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 3.5-5.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 10-18 | 2-7 | 58-71| 27-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 1.5-3.5 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 18-31 | 2-7 | 48-65| 35-45|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.15-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.5-1.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 31-50 | 2-7 | 58-71| 27-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 50-60 | 2-7 | 66-83| 15-27|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.26| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Denny---------| 0-9 | 0-7 | 66-80| 20-27|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-22 | 0-7 | 71-85| 15-22|1.25-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 22-45 | 0-7 | 48-65| 35-45|1.20-1.40| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.22| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 45-70 | 0-7 | 58-75| 25-35|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick-------| 0-13 | 1-7 | 64-78| 20-27|1.15-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 13-39 | 1-7 | 51-63| 35-42|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.12-0.17| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 39-60 | 1-7 | 55-73| 25-40|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 60-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ebbert--------| 0-11 | 0-7 | 66-78| 20-27|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 11-16 | 0-7 | 68-78| 18-25|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 16-52 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.35-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 52-63 | 0-7 | 66-73| 20-27|1.50-1.70| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 63-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Virden--------| 0-16 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 3.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 16-49 | 0-7 | 49-65| 35-42|1.20-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.11-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-2.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 49-60 | 0-7 | 60-75| 25-33|1.25-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 313

Table 20.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | | | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Sable---------| 0-17 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.15-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 3.0-5.9 | 5.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 17-23 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 23-60 | 0-7 | 58-76| 24-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Osco----------| 0-14 | 0-7 | 67-80| 20-26|1.25-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 14-55 | 0-7 | 58-76| 24-35|1.30-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 55-60 | 0-7 | 63-80| 20-30|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Cowden--------| 0-8 | 1-7 | 68-80| 17-27|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 8-19 | 1-7 | 68-80| 17-27|1.25-1.45| 0.06-0.2 |0.18-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 19-50 | 1-7 | 50-63| 35-42|1.35-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.12-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 50-58 | 1-7 | 65-80| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 58-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee--------| 0-8 | 1-7 | 66-78| 20-27|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-16 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.30-1.45| 0.06-0.2 |0.20-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 16-47 | 1-7 | 51-63| 35-42|1.30-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.17| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 47-65 | 1-7 | 58-78| 20-35|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.16-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 65-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee--------| 0-8 | 1-7 | 66-78| 20-27|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-16 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.30-1.45| 0.06-0.2 |0.20-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 16-47 | 1-7 | 51-63| 35-42|1.30-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.17| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 47-65 | 1-7 | 58-78| 20-35|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.16-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 65-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco----------| 0-8 | 0-7 | 66-80| 20-27|1.20-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-31 | 0-7 | 58-77| 23-35|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 31-60 | 15-35| 20-60| 25-45|1.45-1.70| 0.06-0.6 |0.14-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco----------| 0-6 | 0-7 | 66-80| 20-27|1.20-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 6-28 | 0-7 | 58-77| 23-35|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 28-60 | 15-35| 20-60| 25-45|1.45-1.70| 0.06-0.6 |0.14-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison------| 0-10 | 0-5 | 68-80| 20-27|1.15-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 10-45 | 0-5 | 60-75| 25-35|1.25-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 45-65 | 5-30| 45-75| 20-35|1.30-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 65-80 | 5-30| 30-65| 30-50|1.50-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison------| 0-8 | 0-5 | 68-80| 20-27|1.15-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-45 | 0-5 | 60-75| 25-35|1.25-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 45-65 | 5-30| 45-75| 20-35|1.30-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 65-80 | 5-30| 30-65| 30-50|1.50-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas-------| 0-11 | 0-7 | 68-80| 20-27|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 11-43 | 0-7 | 60-75| 25-35|1.25-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 43-80 | 15-40| 45-75| 15-30|1.45-1.70| 0.6-6 |0.11-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas-------| 0-8 | 0-7 | 68-80| 14-27|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-43 | 0-7 | 60-75| 25-35|1.25-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 43-80 | 15-40| 45-75| 10-30|1.45-1.70| 0.6-6 |0.11-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
314 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | | | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Alvin---------| 0-7 | 55-70| 15-35| 10-15|1.45-1.65| 2-6 |0.14-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 | .20 | 5 | 3 | 86

 | 7-42 | 45-70| 12-40| 15-18|1.40-1.65| 2-6 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 42-80 | 65-95| 2-32| 3-10|1.45-1.65| 2-6 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.3 | .15 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden--------| 0-9 | 2-7 | 66-83| 15-27|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.5 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 5 | 56

 | 9-14 | 2-7 | 66-83| 15-27|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 14-22 | 2-7 | 66-76| 22-27|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 22-35 | 3-15| 50-70| 27-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 35-52 | 25-45| 28-50| 20-27|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 52-80 | 45-65| 25-45| 10-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.08-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden--------| 0-7 | 2-7 | 66-83| 15-27|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.5 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 7-34 | 2-7 | 58-71| 25-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 34-43 | 30-50| 28-50| 22-30|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 43-80 | 65-80| 10-25| 5-15|1.45-1.65| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Brooklyn------| 0-7 | 1-7 | 66-79| 20-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 7-17 | 1-7 | 71-79| 14-22|1.25-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 17-44 | 1-7 | 48-64| 35-45|1.35-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 44-60 | 5-70| 20-75| 10-30|1.40-1.70| 0.2-0.6 |0.11-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .24 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Shiloh--------| 0-27 | 0-7 | 53-65| 35-42|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.21| 6.0-8.9 | 4.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 27-52 | 0-7 | 48-65| 35-45|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.09-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 52-80 | 0-7 | 48-75| 25-45|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Drummer-------| 0-14 | 3-15| 50-70| 27-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.23| 3.0-5.9 | 4.5-7.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 14-41 | 3-15| 50-70| 27-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 41-47 | 25-45| 28-50| 20-27|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 47-60 | 45-65| 25-45| 10-20|1.55-1.75| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elburn--------| 0-16 | 2-7 | 66-76| 22-27|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 3.5-5.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 16-49 | 2-7 | 58-73| 25-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 49-58 | 30-55| 30-55| 15-20|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 58-62 | 60-80| 10-25| 5-15|1.50-1.70| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall-------| 0-7 | 0-10| 63-80| 20-27|1.15-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 7-11 | 0-10| 65-82| 18-25|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 11-51 | 0-10| 55-73| 27-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 51-58 | 30-50| 33-50| 15-27|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 58-74 | 30-50| 35-55| 5-20|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .37 | | |

 | 74-80 | 30-50| 30-50| 5-20|1.55-1.75| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .24 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-----| 0-17 | 2-7 | 58-71| 27-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 4.5-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 17-34 | 2-7 | 58-71| 25-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 34-60 | 3-15| 66-82| 15-27|1.45-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.26| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Edinburg------| 0-16 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.10-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.24| 6.0-8.9 | 3.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 3 | 7 | 38

 | 16-55 | 0-7 | 47-65| 35-46|1.20-1.40| 0.06-0.2 |0.13-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 55-60 | 0-7 | 63-78| 22-30|1.30-1.50| 0.2-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 315

Table 20.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | | | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pana----------| 0-9 | 20-38| 50-60| 12-20|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.20-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 5 | 56

 | 9-71 | 25-60| 20-40| 20-35|1.45-1.65| 2-6 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .32 | | |

 | 71-80 | 50-90| 0-35| 0-15|1.70-2.00| 2-20 |0.02-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | .24 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarksdale----| 0-8 | 0-7 | 66-80| 20-27|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.25| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-16 | 0-7 | 66-85| 15-27|1.25-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 16-47 | 0-7 | 48-65| 35-45|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.11-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 47-67 | 0-7 | 63-80| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 67-80 | 0-7 | 66-82| 18-27|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Assumption----| 0-8 | 0-7 | 66-80| 20-27|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.23-0.25| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-24 | 0-7 | 58-75| 25-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 24-60 | 15-35| 25-50| 30-45|1.45-1.65| 0.06-0.6 |0.14-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Rozetta-------| 0-7 | 0-7 | 66-85| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 7-11 | 0-7 | 66-88| 12-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 11-55 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 55-60 | 0-7 | 63-80| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa---------| 0-8 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.25-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 8-12 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.30-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 12-48 | 1-7 | 50-63| 35-43|1.35-1.55| 0.01-0.06 |0.09-0.10| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 48-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

533: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Elkhart-------| 0-8 | 0-7 | 66-80| 20-27|1.15-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-34 | 0-7 | 58-75| 25-35|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 34-60 | 0-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville--| 0-10 | 45-65| 20-45| 10-15|1.35-1.50| 2-6 |0.13-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .20 | .20 | 5 | 3 | 86

 | 10-34 | 20-50| 17-60| 20-33|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 34-44 | 30-60| 15-55| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 44-60 | 40-90| 0-55| 5-20|1.50-1.70| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville--| 0-5 | 30-50| 30-50| 12-20|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 5 | 56

 | 5-10 | 30-50| 30-50| 10-20|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 10-34 | 20-50| 17-60| 20-33|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 34-44 | 30-60| 15-55| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 44-60 | 40-90| 0-55| 5-20|1.50-1.70| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Senachwine----| 0-3 | 30-40| 46-50| 12-22|1.20-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 5 | 56

 | 3-7 | 30-40| 40-50| 12-20|1.30-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 7-25 | 20-40| 30-50| 27-35|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 25-33 | 20-40| 40-50| 20-30|1.60-1.80| 0.2-0.6 |0.11-0.19| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 33-60 | 20-45| 40-50| 15-30|1.60-1.85| 0.2-0.6 |0.01-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
316 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | | | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-----| 0-7 | 5-30| 43-75| 20-27|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 3.0-5.0 | .28 | .28 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 7-80 | 15-35| 20-50| 35-45|1.50-1.70| 0.01-0.06 |0.09-0.13| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Greenbush-----| 0-14 | 0-7 | 68-82| 18-25|1.25-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 14-60 | 0-7 | 58-74| 26-35|1.30-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 60-80 | 0-7 | 66-82| 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Blackberry----| 0-16 | 0-10| 63-82| 18-27|1.10-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-5.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 16-47 | 0-10| 55-75| 25-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 47-62 | 30-50| 35-65| 15-25|1.30-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 62-70 | 30-50| 35-55| 5-20|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.05-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.1 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Broadwell-----| 0-15 | 5-20| 55-80| 20-27|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.23-0.26| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 15-50 | 0-10| 55-76| 24-35|1.35-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 50-55 | 40-80| 0-35| 10-28|1.30-1.35| 2-6 |0.11-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 55-80 | 70- | 1-30| 3-10|1.55-1.75| 6-20 |0.08-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 | .15 | | |

 | |100 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Middletown----| 0-9 | 0-10| 63-80| 20-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-12 | 0-10| 63-85| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 12-44 | 0-10| 55-75| 25-35|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 44-47 | 40-80| 0-35| 10-30|1.35-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 47-80 | 50-90| 0-47| 3-10|1.45-1.65| 2-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Buckhart------| 0-15 | 0-7 | 67-80| 20-26|1.25-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 15-67 | 0-7 | 58-75| 25-35|1.30-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 67-80 | 0-7 | 66-82| 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

712A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Spaulding-----| 0-22 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.05-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 4.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 22-38 | 0-7 | 58-75| 25-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 38-44 | 0-7 | 58-78| 22-35|1.25-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 44-80 | 0-7 | 66-80| 20-27|1.30-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Orthents------| 0-6 | 30-45| 25-48| 22-30|1.70-1.75| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 6-60 | 28-45| 25-50| 22-30|1.70-1.80| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

830: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Landfills. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Earthen dam. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

864: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 quarries. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

865: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee--------| 0-8 | 1-7 | 66-78| 20-27|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-16 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.30-1.45| 0.06-0.2 |0.20-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 16-47 | 1-7 | 51-63| 35-42|1.30-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.17| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 47-65 | 1-7 | 58-78| 20-35|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.16-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 65-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 317

Table 20.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | | | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-----| 0-11 | 1-7 | 72-80| 12-27|1.30-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 11-21 | 1-7 | 55-70| 27-35|1.40-1.65| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 21-39 | 1-7 | 60-75| 20-35|1.40-1.65| 0.01-0.06 |0.11-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 39-62 | 1-7 | 65-79| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.15| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 62-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Coulterville--| 0-7 | 1-7 | 70-80| 15-27|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.21-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 4 | 6 | 48

 | 7-23 | 1-7 | 60-75| 22-35|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.14-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 23-56 | 1-7 | 60-80| 18-35|1.45-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.15| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 56-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick-------| 0-13 | 1-7 | 64-78| 20-27|1.15-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 13-39 | 1-7 | 51-63| 35-42|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.12-0.17| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 39-60 | 1-7 | 55-73| 25-40|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 60-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Biddle--------| 0-16 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.15-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 4 | 6 | 48

 | 16-36 | 1-7 | 50-63| 35-42|1.25-1.45| 0.06-0.2 |0.14-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 36-76 | 1-7 | 55-75| 24-38|1.30-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.16-0.22| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 76-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa---------| 0-8 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.25-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.22-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .37 | .37 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 8-12 | 1-7 | 66-80| 18-27|1.30-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 12-48 | 1-7 | 50-63| 35-43|1.35-1.55| 0.01-0.06 |0.09-0.10| 6.0-8.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 48-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------| 0-8 | 0-7 | 67-82| 18-26|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-40 | 0-7 | 58-75| 25-35|1.25-1.45| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 40-58 | 8-25| 48-74| 18-27|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 58-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas---------| 0-9 | 5-30| 43-75| 20-27|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.25| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 9-31 | 10-35| 20-55| 35-45|1.35-1.55| 0.01-0.06 |0.07-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 31-51 | 10-35| 20-60| 30-45|1.35-1.55| 0.01-0.06 |0.07-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 51-80 | 15-40| 20-50| 25-45|1.35-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.07-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum--------| 0-8 | 0-7 | 58-73| 27-35|1.25-1.35| 0.2-0.6 |0.20-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | 4 | 7 | 38

 | 8-40 | 0-7 | 58-75| 25-35|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.16-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 40-58 | 8-25| 48-74| 18-27|1.30-1.50| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 58-80 | 5-30| 45-70| 20-30|1.40-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas---------| 0-9 | 5-30| 30-65| 30-40|1.35-1.55| 0.06-0.2 |0.14-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | 2 | 7 | 38

 | 9-31 | 10-35| 20-55| 35-45|1.35-1.55| 0.01-0.06 |0.07-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 31-51 | 10-35| 20-60| 30-45|1.35-1.55| 0.01-0.06 |0.07-0.19| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 51-80 | 15-40| 20-50| 25-45|1.35-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.07-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ross----------| 0-13 | 20-45| 28-65| 15-27|1.20-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 5 | 56

 | 13-43 | 20-45| 23-62| 18-32|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 43-60 | 40-70| 5-55| 5-25|1.35-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.05-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Radford-------| 0-12 | 0-15| 58-82| 18-27|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 12-33 | 0-15| 58-82| 18-27|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-2.0 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 33-80 | 5-30| 35-71| 24-35|1.35-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
318 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | | | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Sawmill-------| 0-32 | 3-15| 58-70| 27-35|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 4.5-7.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 32-58 | 5-20| 45-68| 27-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 1.5-3.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 58-65 | 5-25| 40-70| 25-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 1.5-3.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Tice----------| 0-14 | 0-15| 50-73| 27-35|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 14-52 | 5-20| 45-71| 24-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 52-72 | 5-40| 30-80| 15-30|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Proctor-------| 0-16 | 0-10| 63-82| 18-27|1.10-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 16-34 | 0-10| 55-73| 27-35|1.20-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 34-53 | 15-70| 0-70| 15-30|1.30-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 53-60 | 65-80| 5-50| 5-15|1.40-1.70| 2-6 |0.08-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall-------| 0-9 | 0-10| 63-80| 20-27|1.15-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-14 | 0-10| 65-82| 18-25|1.25-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .49 | .49 | | |

 | 14-54 | 0-10| 55-73| 27-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 54-60 | 42-65| 7-30| 5-28|1.55-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Vesser--------| 0-14 | 0-15| 59-80| 20-26|1.30-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 14-26 | 0-15| 63-82| 18-22|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 26-80 | 5-20| 45-65| 30-35|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.21| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 water. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Water. | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 319

Table 21.--Chemical Properties of the Soils

(Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)

____________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium| Sodium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-| adsorp-

 | |capacity | | ate | tion

 | | | | | ratio

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct |

 | | | | |

8D2: | | | | |

 Hickory--------------| 0-6 | 14-19 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 6-47 | 16-22 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 47-60 | 9.0-19 | 5.1-8.4 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

8D3: | | | | |

 Hickory--------------| 0-8 | 17-23 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-46 | 16-22 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 46-58 | 9.0-19 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 58-80 | 5.0-15 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-25 | 0

 | | | | |

8F: | | | | |

 Hickory--------------| 0-4 | 14-19 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 4-12 | 9.0-14 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 12-46 | 16-22 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 46-58 | 9.0-19 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 58-80 | 5.0-15 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-25 | 0

 | | | | |

17A: | | | | |

 Keomah---------------| 0-11 | 10-26 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 11-18 | 9.0-24 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 18-33 | 28-41 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 33-51 | 16-29 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 51-89 | 8.0-18 | 6.1-7.3 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

43A: | | | | |

 Ipava----------------| 0-10 | 16-32 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 10-18 | 25-38 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 18-31 | 22-39 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 31-50 | 17-31 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | 50-60 | 9.0-22 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

45A: | | | | |

 Denny----------------| 0-9 | 18-24 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 9-22 | 9.0-15 | 5.6-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 22-45 | 21-29 | 5.6-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 45-70 | 15-21 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

46A: | | | | |

 Herrick--------------| 0-13 | 18-24 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 13-39 | 21-25 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 39-60 | 15-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 60-80 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-10 | 0

 | | | | |

48A: | | | | |

 Ebbert---------------| 0-11 | 16-28 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 11-16 | 11-21 | 5.1-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 16-52 | 16-30 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 52-63 | 12-23 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 63-80 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-10 | 0

 | | | | |

50A: | | | | |

 Virden---------------| 0-16 | 24-30 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 16-49 | 21-27 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 49-60 | 15-20 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-25 | 0

 | | | | |

 | | | | |
320 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium| Sodium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-| adsorp-

 | |capacity | | ate | tion

 | | | | | ratio

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct |

 | | | | |

68A: | | | | |

 Sable----------------| 0-17 | 26-33 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 17-23 | 20-30 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 23-60 | 15-23 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

86B: | | | | |

 Osco-----------------| 0-14 | 18-25 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 14-55 | 15-23 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 55-60 | 12-18 | 5.6-7.3 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

112A: | | | | |

 Cowden---------------| 0-8 | 14-22 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-19 | 10-17 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 19-50 | 21-27 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 50-58 | 8.0-19 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 58-80 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

113A: | | | | |

 Oconee---------------| 0-8 | 12-18 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 8-16 | 10-18 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-47 | 21-27 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 47-65 | 12-21 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 65-80 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

113B: | | | | |

 Oconee---------------| 0-8 | 12-18 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 8-16 | 10-18 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-47 | 21-27 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 47-65 | 12-21 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 65-80 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

119C2: | | | | |

 Elco-----------------| 0-8 | 14-22 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-31 | 14-22 | 5.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 31-60 | 15-27 | 5.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

119D2: | | | | |

 Elco-----------------| 0-6 | 14-22 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 6-28 | 14-22 | 5.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 28-60 | 15-27 | 5.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

127B: | | | | |

 Harrison-------------| 0-10 | 16-24 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 10-45 | 15-23 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 45-65 | 12-21 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 65-80 | 18-30 | 5.1-7.8 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

127C2: | | | | |

 Harrison-------------| 0-8 | 16-24 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-45 | 15-23 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 45-65 | 12-21 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 65-80 | 18-30 | 5.1-7.8 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

128B: | | | | |

 Douglas--------------| 0-11 | 16-30 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 11-43 | 15-30 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 43-80 | 9.0-24 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 321

Table 21.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium| Sodium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-| adsorp-

 | |capacity | | ate | tion

 | | | | | ratio

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct |

 | | | | |

128C2: | | | | |

 Douglas--------------| 0-8 | 16-30 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-43 | 15-30 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 43-80 | 9.0-24 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

131C2: | | | | |

 Alvin----------------| 0-7 | 7.0-11 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 7-42 | 9.0-12 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 42-80 | 2.0-7.0 | 5.1-8.4 | 0-25 | 0

 | | | | |

134B: | | | | |

 Camden---------------| 0-9 | 11-29 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 9-14 | 9.0-24 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 14-22 | 10-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 22-35 | 16-29 | 5.6-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 35-52 | 9.0-19 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 52-80 | 8.0-15 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-25 | 0

 | | | | |

134C2: | | | | |

 Camden---------------| 0-7 | 11-29 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 7-34 | 15-29 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 34-43 | 9.0-20 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 43-80 | 2.0-10 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-25 | 0

 | | | | |

136A: | | | | |

 Brooklyn-------------| 0-7 | 18-24 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 7-17 | 9.0-14 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 17-44 | 21-28 | 4.5-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | 44-60 | 6.0-19 | 5.1-7.8 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

138A: | | | | |

 Shiloh---------------| 0-27 | 29-34 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 27-52 | 22-31 | 6.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 52-80 | 15-28 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-10 | 0

 | | | | |

152A: | | | | |

 Drummer--------------| 0-14 | 27-40 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 14-41 | 17-31 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 41-47 | 9.0-19 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | 47-60 | 4.0-13 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

198A: | | | | |

 Elburn---------------| 0-16 | 16-32 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-49 | 17-31 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 49-58 | 2.0-10 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | 58-62 | 2.0-10 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

242A: | | | | |

 Kendall--------------| 0-7 | 14-22 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 7-11 | 11-17 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 11-51 | 16-22 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 51-58 | 9.0-19 | 5.1-7.8 | 0-15 | 0

 | 58-74 | 2.0-13 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-15 | 0

 | 74-80 | 3.0-10 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

244A: | | | | |

 Hartsburg------------| 0-17 | 27-40 | 6.1-7.3 | 0-5 | 0

 | 17-34 | 17-31 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-25 | 0

 | 34-60 | 9.0-23 | 7.4-8.4 | 15-40 | 0

 | | | | |
322 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium| Sodium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-| adsorp-

 | |capacity | | ate | tion

 | | | | | ratio

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct |

 | | | | |

249A: | | | | |

 Edinburg-------------| 0-16 | 22-29 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 16-55 | 21-28 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 55-60 | 13-18 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | | | | |

256C2: | | | | |

 Pana-----------------| 0-9 | 11-22 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 9-71 | 12-29 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 71-80 | 0.0-13 | 5.1-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | | | | |

257A: | | | | |

 Clarksdale-----------| 0-8 | 10-22 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-16 | 9.0-18 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-47 | 21-28 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 47-67 | 12-19 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-15 | 0

 | 67-80 | 12-18 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

259C2: | | | | |

 Assumption-----------| 0-8 | 18-24 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-24 | 15-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 24-60 | 18-28 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

279B: | | | | |

 Rozetta--------------| 0-7 | 10-22 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 7-11 | 7.0-17 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 11-55 | 16-22 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 55-60 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

474A: | | | | |

 Piasa----------------| 0-8 | 11-16 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0-5

 | 8-12 | 11-16 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0-5

 | 12-48 | 21-26 | 6.1-9.0 | 0-10 | 15-25

 | 48-80 | 12-17 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-30 | 5-20

 | | | | |

533: | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | |

 | | | | |

536: | | | | |

 Dumps, mine. | | | | |

 | | | | |

567C2: | | | | |

 Elkhart--------------| 0-8 | 16-24 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 8-34 | 15-22 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-20 | 0

 | 34-60 | 12-21 | 7.4-8.4 | 10-40 | 0

 | | | | |

570D2: | | | | |

 Martinsville---------| 0-10 | 8.0-14 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 10-34 | 10-18 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 34-44 | 8.0-13 | 5.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 44-60 | 3.0-10 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-45 | 0

 | | | | |

570F: | | | | |

 Martinsville---------| 0-5 | 7.0-16 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 5-10 | 4.0-13 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 10-34 | 7.0-18 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 34-44 | 8.0-13 | 5.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 44-60 | 3.0-10 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-45 | 0

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 323

Table 21.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium| Sodium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-| adsorp-

 | |capacity | | ate | tion

 | | | | | ratio

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct |

 | | | | |

618G: | | | | |

 Senachwine-----------| 0-3 | 7.0-19 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 3-7 | 5.0-13 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 7-25 | 11-22 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 25-33 | 8.0-19 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-20 | 0

 | 33-60 | 6.0-19 | 7.4-8.4 | 25-40 | 0

 | | | | |

660C2: | | | | |

 Coatsburg------------| 0-7 | 18-26 | 5.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 7-80 | 21-29 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

675B: | | | | |

 Greenbush------------| 0-14 | 20-25 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 14-60 | 25-30 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 60-80 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

679B: | | | | |

 Blackberry-----------| 0-16 | 17-26 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-47 | 15-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 47-62 | 9.0-22 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-10 | 0

 | 62-70 | 3.0-19 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

684B: | | | | |

 Broadwell------------| 0-15 | 18-27 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 15-50 | 15-23 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 50-55 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 55-80 | 2.0-7.0 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

685B: | | | | |

 Middletown-----------| 0-9 | 14-22 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 9-12 | 9.0-19 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 12-44 | 15-22 | 4.5-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 44-47 | 9.0-19 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 47-80 | 1.0-7.0 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

705B: | | | | |

 Buckhart-------------| 0-15 | 18-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 15-67 | 15-23 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 67-80 | 12-18 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

712A: | | | | |

 Spaulding------------| 0-22 | 24-33 | 7.4-8.4 | 10-40 | 0

 | 22-38 | 17-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-40 | 0

 | 38-44 | 14-23 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-40 | 0

 | 44-80 | 12-17 | 7.4-8.4 | 10-40 | 0

 | | | | |

802B: | | | | |

 Orthents-------------| 0-6 | 10-25 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-10 | 0

 | 6-60 | 10-20 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

830: | | | | |

 Landfills. | | | | |

 | | | | |

835G: | | | | |

 Earthen dam. | | | | |

 | | | | |

864: | | | | |

 Pits, quarries. | | | | |

 | | | | |

865: | | | | |

 Pits, gravel. | | | | |

 | | | | |
324 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium| Sodium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-| adsorp-

 | |capacity | | ate | tion

 | | | | | ratio

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct |

 | | | | |

882A: | | | | |

 Oconee---------------| 0-8 | 12-18 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 8-16 | 10-18 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-47 | 11-19 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 47-65 | 12-21 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 65-80 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

 Darmstadt------------| 0-11 | 7.0-20 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0-5

 | 11-21 | 16-23 | 4.5-7.8 | 0 | 13-21

 | 21-39 | 16-23 | 6.6-9.0 | 0-20 | 15-25

 | 39-62 | 12-17 | 7.4-9.0 | 0-30 | 5-20

 | 62-80 | 12-17 | 7.4-9.0 | 0-30 | 5-20

 | | | | |

 Coulterville---------| 0-7 | 9.0-18 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0-5

 | 7-23 | 16-22 | 4.5-7.8 | 0 | 5-15

 | 23-56 | 11-22 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-10 | 5-15

 | 56-80 | 12-17 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-20 | 5-15

 | | | | |

894A: | | | | |

 Herrick--------------| 0-13 | 18-24 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 13-39 | 21-25 | 4.5-6.0 | 0 | 0

 | 39-60 | 15-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 60-80 | 12-17 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-10 | 0

 | | | | |

 Biddle---------------| 0-16 | 20-27 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-36 | 22-30 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-5 | 5-15

 | 36-76 | 20-28 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-15 | 5-10

 | 76-80 | 12-17 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-15 | 0-10

 | | | | |

 Piasa----------------| 0-8 | 11-16 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0-5

 | 8-12 | 11-16 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0-5

 | 12-48 | 21-26 | 6.1-9.0 | 0-10 | 15-25

 | 48-80 | 12-17 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-30 | 5-20

 | | | | |

897C2: | | | | |

 Bunkum---------------| 0-8 | 17-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-40 | 18-24 | 4.5-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 40-58 | 12-22 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 58-80 | 12-17 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

 Atlas----------------| 0-9 | 19-26 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 9-31 | 21-29 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 31-51 | 18-29 | 4.5-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 51-80 | 12-20 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | | | | |

897C3: | | | | |

 Bunkum---------------| 0-8 | 17-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 8-40 | 18-24 | 4.5-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 40-58 | 12-22 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 58-80 | 12-17 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

 Atlas----------------| 0-9 | 19-26 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 9-31 | 21-29 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 31-51 | 18-29 | 4.5-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 51-80 | 12-20 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | | | | |

3073A: | | | | |

 Ross-----------------| 0-13 | 13-23 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 13-43 | 12-26 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 43-60 | 3.0-16 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-5 | 0

 | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 325

Table 21.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

____________________________________________________________________

 | | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium| Sodium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-| adsorp-

 | |capacity | | ate | tion

 | | | | | ratio

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct |

 | | | | |

3074A: | | | | |

 Radford--------------| 0-12 | 15-24 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 12-33 | 11-20 | 6.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 33-80 | 14-23 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

3107A: | | | | |

 Sawmill--------------| 0-32 | 23-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 32-58 | 18-34 | 6.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 58-65 | 18-34 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-5 | 0

 | | | | |

3284A: | | | | |

 Tice-----------------| 0-14 | 20-27 | 6.1-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 14-52 | 16-23 | 5.6-7.8 | 0 | 0

 | 52-72 | 9.0-20 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-20 | 0

 | | | | |

7148A: | | | | |

 Proctor--------------| 0-16 | 16-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 16-34 | 16-23 | 5.6-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 34-53 | 9.0-22 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 53-60 | 3.0-7.0 | 6.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

7242A: | | | | |

 Kendall--------------| 0-9 | 14-20 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 9-14 | 11-16 | 5.1-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 14-54 | 16-22 | 4.5-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 54-60 | 6.0-16 | 5.6-8.4 | 0-15 | 0

 | | | | |

8396A: | | | | |

 Vesser---------------| 0-14 | 25-30 | 5.6-7.3 | 0 | 0

 | 14-26 | 20-25 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | 26-80 | 25-30 | 5.1-6.5 | 0 | 0

 | | | | |

MW: | | | | |

 Miscellaneous | | | | |

 water. | | | | |

 | | | | |

W: | | | | |

 Water. | | | | |

 | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________
326 Soil Survey of

Table 22.--Water Features

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Estimates of the frequency of ponding and flooding apply to

 the whole year rather than to individual months. Absence of an entry indicates that the feature is not a

 concern or that data were not estimated.)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding

 | | |________________________|_____________________________|_____________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower | Kind |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration |Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | | water | | | |

 |group | | | | | depth | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

8D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory---------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

8D3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory---------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

8F: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hickory---------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

17A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Keomah----------------| C |Jan-May|0.5-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

43A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ipava-----------------| B |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

45A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Denny-----------------| D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-1.0| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

46A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick---------------| B |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

48A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ebbert----------------| C/D |Jan-Jun|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-1.0| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jul-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

50A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Virden----------------| B/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

68A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sable-----------------| B/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

86B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Osco------------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|4.0-6.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

112A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Cowden----------------| D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

113A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee----------------| C |Jan-May|0.5-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

113B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee----------------| C |Jan-May|0.5-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 327

Table 22.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding

 | | |________________________|_____________________________|_____________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower | Kind |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration |Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | | water | | | |

 |group | | | | | depth | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

119C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco------------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|2.0-3.5|2.8-4.5|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

119D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elco------------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|2.0-3.5|2.8-4.5|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

127B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison--------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|2.0-3.5|3.5-5.0|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

127C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Harrison--------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|2.0-3.5|3.5-5.0|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

128B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas---------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

128C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Douglas---------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

131C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Alvin-----------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

134B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden----------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

134C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Camden----------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

136A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Brooklyn--------------| C/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

138A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Shiloh----------------| B/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-1.0| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

152A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Drummer---------------| B/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

198A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elburn----------------| B |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

242A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall---------------| B |Jan-May|0.5-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

244A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hartsburg-------------| B/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |
328 Soil Survey of

Table 22.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding

 | | |________________________|_____________________________|_____________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower | Kind |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration |Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | | water | | | |

 |group | | | | | depth | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

249A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Edinburg--------------| C/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

256C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pana------------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

257A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarksdale------------| C |Jan-May|0.5-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

259C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Assumption------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|2.0-3.5|2.8-4.5|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

279B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Rozetta---------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|4.0-6.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

474A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa-----------------| D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0|2.5-4.0|Perched |0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

533: | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land------------| --- |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dumps, mine-----------| --- |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | |

567C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Elkhart---------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|4.0-6.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

570D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville----------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

570F: | | | | | | | | | |

 Martinsville----------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

618G: | | | | | | | | | |

 Senachwine------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

660C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Coatsburg-------------| D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0|0.5-2.5|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

675B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Greenbush-------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|4.0-6.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

679B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Blackberry------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|2.0-3.5| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

684B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Broadwell-------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |
Christian County, Illinois 329

Table 22.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding

 | | |________________________|_____________________________|_____________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower | Kind |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration |Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | | water | | | |

 |group | | | | | depth | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

685B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Middletown------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

705B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Buckhart--------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Feb-Apr|2.0-3.5| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |May-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

712A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Spaulding-------------| B/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

802B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Orthents--------------| B |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

830: | | | | | | | | | |

 Landfills-------------| --- |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

835G: | | | | | | | | | |

 Earthen dam-----------| --- |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

864: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, quarries--------| --- |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

865: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel----------| --- |Jan-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

882A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Oconee----------------| C |Jan-May|0.5-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Darmstadt-------------| D |Jan-May|0.5-2.0|2.5-4.0|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Coulterville----------| D |Jan-May|0.5-2.0|2.5-4.0|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

894A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Herrick---------------| B |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Biddle----------------| C |Jan-May|1.0-2.0|2.5-4.0|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Piasa-----------------| D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0|2.5-4.0|Perched |0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

897C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum----------------| C |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas-----------------| D |Jan-May|0.5-2.0|1.2-2.5|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

897C3: | | | | | | | | | |

 Bunkum----------------| C |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Atlas-----------------| D |Jan-May|0.5-2.0|1.2-2.5|Perched | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Jun-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | | |
330 Soil Survey of

Table 22.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding

 | | |________________________|_____________________________|_____________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower | Kind |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration |Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | | water | | | |

 |group | | | | | depth | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

3073A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ross------------------| B | Jan | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | |Feb-Apr|4.0-6.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | |May-Jun| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | |Jul-Oct| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Nov-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | | | | | | | | | |

3074A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Radford---------------| B |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | | Jun | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | |Jul-Oct| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Nov-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | | | | | | | | | |

3107A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sawmill---------------| B/D |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent|0.0-0.5| Brief | Frequent | Brief | Frequent

 | | Jun | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | |Jul-Oct| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Nov-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | | | | | | | | | |

3284A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Tice------------------| B |Jan-May|1.0-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | | Jun | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | |Jul-Oct| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Nov-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief | Frequent

 | | | | | | | | | |

7148A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Proctor---------------| B |Jan-Jun| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Oct| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Nov-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | | |

7242A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kendall---------------| B |Jan-May|0.5-2.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | --- | Rare

 | | Jun | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | Rare

 | |Jul-Oct| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Nov-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | Rare

 | | | | | | | | | |

8396A: | | | | | | | | | |

 Vesser----------------| C |Jan-May|0.0-1.0| >6.0 |Apparent| --- | --- | --- | Brief |Occasional

 | | Jun | >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief |Occasional

 | |Jul-Oct| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | None

 | |Nov-Dec| >6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | Brief |Occasional

 | | | | | | | | | |

MW: | | | | | | | | | |

 Miscellaneous water. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

W: | | | | | | | | | |

 Water. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Christian County, Illinois 331

Table 23.--Soil Features

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence

 of an entry indicates that the feature is not a concern

 or that data were not estimated.)

_______________________________________________________________

 | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol | Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | for | Uncoated |

 |frost action| steel | Concrete

 | | | _______________________________________________________________

 | | |

8D2: | | |

 Hickory----------------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

8D3: | | |

 Hickory----------------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

8F: | | |

 Hickory----------------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

17A: | | |

 Keomah-----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

43A: | | |

 Ipava------------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

45A: | | |

 Denny------------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

46A: | | |

 Herrick----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

48A: | | |

 Ebbert-----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

50A: | | |

 Virden-----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

68A: | | |

 Sable------------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

86B: | | |

 Osco-------------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

112A: | | |

 Cowden-----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

113A: | | |

 Oconee-----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

113B: | | |

 Oconee-----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

119C2: | | |

 Elco-------------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

119D2: | | |

 Elco-------------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

127B: | | |

 Harrison---------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

127C2: | | |

 Harrison---------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

128B: | | |

 Douglas----------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |
332 Soil Survey of

Table 23.--Soil Features--Continued

_______________________________________________________________

 | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol | Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | for | Uncoated |

 |frost action| steel | Concrete

 | | | _______________________________________________________________

 | | |

128C2: | | |

 Douglas----------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

131C2: | | |

 Alvin------------------|Moderate |Low |High

 | | |

134B: | | |

 Camden-----------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

134C2: | | |

 Camden-----------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

136A: | | |

 Brooklyn---------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

138A: | | |

 Shiloh-----------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

152A: | | |

 Drummer----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

198A: | | |

 Elburn-----------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

242A: | | |

 Kendall----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

244A: | | |

 Hartsburg--------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

249A: | | |

 Edinburg---------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

256C2: | | |

 Pana-------------------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

257A: | | |

 Clarksdale-------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

259C2: | | |

 Assumption-------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

279B: | | |

 Rozetta----------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

474A: | | |

 Piasa------------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

533: | | |

 Urban land. | | |

 | | |

536: | | |

 Dumps, mine. | | |

 | | |

567C2: | | |

 Elkhart----------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

570D2: | | |

 Martinsville-----------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

570F: | | |

 Martinsville-----------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |
Christian County, Illinois 333

Table 23.--Soil Features--Continued

_______________________________________________________________

 | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol | Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | for | Uncoated |

 |frost action| steel | Concrete

 | | | _______________________________________________________________

 | | |

618G: | | |

 Senachwine-------------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

660C2: | | |

 Coatsburg--------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

675B: | | |

 Greenbush--------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

679B: | | |

 Blackberry-------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

684B: | | |

 Broadwell--------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

685B: | | |

 Middletown-------------|High |High |High

 | | |

705B: | | |

 Buckhart---------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

712A: | | |

 Spaulding--------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

802B: | | |

 Orthents---------------|Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

830: | | |

 Landfills. | | |

 | | |

835G: | | |

 Earthen dam. | | |

 | | |

864: | | |

 Pits, quarries. | | |

 | | |

865: | | |

 Pits, gravel. | | |

 | | |

882A: | | |

 Oconee-----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

 Darmstadt--------------|High |High |High

 | | |

 Coulterville-----------|High |High |High

 | | |

894A: | | |

 Herrick----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

 Biddle-----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

 Piasa------------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

897C2: | | |

 Bunkum-----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

 Atlas------------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

897C3: | | |

 Bunkum-----------------|High |High |High

 | | |

 Atlas------------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |
334

Table 23.--Soil Features--Continued

_______________________________________________________________

 | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol | Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | for | Uncoated |

 |frost action| steel | Concrete

 | | | _______________________________________________________________

 | | |

3073A: | | |

 Ross-------------------|Moderate |Low |Low

 | | |

3074A: | | |

 Radford----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

3107A: | | |

 Sawmill----------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

3284A: | | |

 Tice-------------------|High |High |Low

 | | |

7148A: | | |

 Proctor----------------|High |Moderate |Moderate

 | | |

7242A: | | |

 Kendall----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

8396A: | | |

 Vesser-----------------|High |High |Moderate

 | | |

MW: | | |

 Miscellaneous water. | | |

 | | |

W: | | |

 Water. | | |

 | | | _______________________________________________________________
Printing Soil Survey Maps 

The soil survey maps were made at a scale of 1:12000 and were designed to be

used at that scale. To print the maps at 1:12000 scale, set the view to Actual

Size from the View pull down menu.

Using the pan tool, go to the area you would like to print. Select the Graphic

Selection Tool by holding down the Text Selection Tool button and clicking on the

Graphic Selection Tool button.
Then using the Graphic Selection Tool drag a box around the area you would like

to print. Note dashed lines forming a box around area to print.

Select File Print. The Print Range will be set to Selected graphic. Click OK and

the map will be sent to the printer.

Descriptions of Special Features

Name Description Label

Blowout A small saucer-, cup-, or trough-shaped hollow or depression formed

by wind erosion on a preexisting sand deposit. Typically 0.2 acre to

2.0 acres.

BLO

Borrow pit An open excavation from which soil and underlying material have

been removed, usually for construction purposes. Typically 0.2 acre

to 2.0 acres.

BPI

Calcareous spot An area in which the soil contains carbonates in the surface layer.

The surface layer of the named soils in the surrounding map unit is

noncalcareous. Typically 0.5 acre to 2.0 acres.

CSP

Clay spot A spot where the surface layer is silty clay or clay in areas where the

surface layer of the soils in the surrounding map unit is sandy loam,

loam, silt loam, or coarser. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

CLA

Depression, closed A shallow, saucer-shaped area that is slightly lower on the landscape

than the surrounding area and that does not have a natural outlet for

surface drainage. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

DEP

Disturbed soil spot An area in which the soil has been removed and materials

redeposited as a result of human activity. Typically 0.25 acre to 2.0

acres.

DSS

Dumps Areas of nonsoil material that support little or no vegetation.

Typically 0.5 acre to 2.0 acres.

DMP

Escarpment, bedrock A relatively continuous and steep slope or cliff, produced by erosion

or faulting, that breaks the general continuity of more gently sloping

land surfaces. Exposed material is hard or soft bedrock.

ESB

Escarpment, nonbedrock A relatively continuous and steep slope or cliff, generally produced

by erosion but in some places produced by faulting, that breaks the

continuity of more gently sloping land surfaces. Exposed earthy

material is nonsoil or very shallow soil.

ESO

Glacial till spot An exposure of glacial till at the surface of the earth. Typically 0.25

acre to 2.0 acres.

GLA

Gravel pit An open excavation from which soil and underlying material have

been removed and used, without crushing, as a source of sand or

gravel. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

GPI

Gravelly spot A spot where the surface layer has more than 35 percent, by volume,

rock fragments that are mostly less than 3 inches in diameter in an

area that has less than 15 percent rock fragments. Typically 0.2 acre

to 2.0 acres.

GRA
Name Description Label

Gray spot A spot in which the surface layer is gray in areas where the

subsurface layer of the named soils in the surrounding map unit are

darker. Typically 0.25 acre to 2.0 acres.

GSP

Gully A small channel with steep sides cut by running water through which

water ordinarily runs only after a rain or after melting of snow or ice.

It generally is an obstacle to wheeled vehicles and is too deep to be

obliterated by ordinary tillage.

GUL

Iron bog An accumulation of iron in the form of nodules, concretions, or soft

masses on the surface or near the surface of soils. Typically 0.2 acre

to 2.0 acres.

BFE

Landfill An area of accumulated waste products of human habitation, either

above or below natural ground level. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

LDF

Levee An embankment that confines or controls water, especially one built

along the banks of a river to prevent overflow onto lowlands.

LVS

Marsh or swamp A water-saturated, very poorly drained area that is intermittently or

permanently covered by water. Sedges, cattails, and rushes are the

dominant vegetation in marshes, and trees or shrubs are the dominant

vegetation in swamps. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

MAR

Mine or quarry An open excavation from which soil and underlying material have

been removed and in which bedrock is exposed. Also denotes surface

openings to underground mines. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

MPI

Mine subsided area An area that is lower than the soils in the surrounding map unit

because of subsurface coal mining. Typically 0.25 acre to 3.0 acres.

MSA

Miscellaneous water A small, constructed body of water that is used for industrial,

sanitary, or mining applications and that contains water most of the

year. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

MIS

Muck spot An area that occurs within an area of poorly drained or very poorly

drained soil and that has a histic epipedon or an organic surface

layer. The symbol is used only in map units consisting of mineral

soil. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

MUC

Oil brine spot An area of soil that has been severely damaged by the accumulation

of oil brine, with or without liquid oily wastes. The area is typically

barren but may have a vegetative cover of salt-tolerant plants.

Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

OBS

Perennial water A small, natural or constructed lake, pond, or pit that contains water

most of the year. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

WAT
Name Description Label

Rock outcrop An exposure of bedrock at the surface of the earth. Not used where

the named soils of the surrounding map unit are shallow over

bedrock or where “Rock outcrop” is a named component of the map

unit. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

ROC

Saline spot An area where the surface layer has an electrical conductivity of 8

mmhos/cm-l more than the surface layer of the named soils in the

surrounding map unit. The surface layer of the surrounding soils has

an electrical conductivity of 2 mmhos/cm-l or less. Typically 0.2

acre to 2.0 acres.

SAL

Sandy spot A spot where the surface layer is loamy fine sand or coarser in areas

where the surface layer of the named soils in the surrounding map

unit is very fine sandy loam or finer. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

SAN

Severely eroded spot An area where, on the average, 75 percent or more of the original

surface layer has been lost because of accelerated erosion. Not used

in map units in which “severely eroded,” “very severely eroded,” or

“gullied” is part of the map unit name. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0

acres.

ERO

Short steep slope A narrow area of soil having slopes that are at least two slope classes

steeper than the slope class of the surrounding map unit.

SLP

Sinkhole A closed depression formed either by solution of the surficial rock or

by collapse of underlying caves. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

SNK

Slide or slip A prominent landform scar or ridge caused by fairly recent mass

movement or descent of earthy material resulting from failure of

earth or rock under shear stress along one or several surfaces.

Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

SLI

Sodic spot An area where the surface layer has a sodium adsorption ratio that is

at least 10 more than that of the surface layer of the named soils in

the surrounding map unit. The surface layer of the surrounding soils

has a sodium adsorption ratio of 5 or less. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0

acres.

SOD

Spoil area A pile of earthy materials, either smoothed or uneven, resulting from

human activity. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

SPO

Stony spot A spot where 0.01 to 0.1 percent of the surface cover is rock

fragments that are more than 10 inches in diameter in areas where

the surrounding soil has no surface stones. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0

acres.

STN

Unclassified water A small, natural or manmade lake, pond, or pit that contains water,

of an unspecified nature, most of the year. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0

acres.

UWT
Name Description Label

Very stony spot A spot where 0.1 to 3.0 percent of the surface cover is rock

fragments that are more than 10 inches in diameter in areas where

the surface cover of the surrounding soil is less than 0.01 percent

stones. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

STV

Wet depression A shallow, concave area within an area of poorly drained or very

poorly drained soils in which water is ponded for intermittent

periods. The concave area is saturated for appreciably longer periods

of time than the surrounding soil. Typically 0.2 acre to 2.0 acres.

WDP

Wet spot A somewhat poorly drained to very poorly drained area that is at

least two drainage classes wetter than the named soils in the

surrounding map unit. Typically 0.2 acres to 2.0 acres.

WET