U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 

1 

39–010 

" ! SENATE 108TH CONGRESS

2d Session 

REPORT

2004

108–385 

NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION PROGRAM REAUTHORIZATION 

ACT OF 2003 

R E P O R T 

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND 

TRANSPORTATION 

ON

H.R. 2608 

OCTOBER 5, 2004.—Ordered to be printed 


congress.#13
SENATE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION 

ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

JOHN MCCAIN, Arizona, Chairman 

TED STEVENS, Alaska 

CONRAD BURNS, Montana 

TRENT LOTT, Mississippi 

KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas 

OLYMPIA J. SNOWE, Maine 

SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas 

GORDON SMITH, Oregon 

PETER G. FITZGERALD, Illinois 

JOHN ENSIGN, Nevada 

GEORGE ALLEN, Virginia 

JOHN E. SUNUNU, New Hampshire 

ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, South Carolina 

DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii 

JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER IV, West Virginia 

JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts 

JOHN B. BREAUX, Louisiana 

BYRON L. DORGAN, North Dakota 

RON WYDEN, Oregon 

BARBARA BOXER, California 

BILL NELSON, Florida 

MARIA CANTWELL, Washington 

FRANK LAUTENBERG, New Jersey 

JEANNE BUMPUS, Staff Director and General Counsel 

ROB FREEMAN, Deputy Staff Director 

ROBERT W. CHAMBERLIN, Chief Counsel 

KEVIN D. KAYES, Democratic Staff Director and Chief Counsel 

(II) 

108TH CONGRESS REPORT " ! SENATE 2d Session 108–385 

NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION 

PROGRAM REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2003 

OCTOBER 5, 2004.—Ordered to be printed 

Mr. MCCAIN, from the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 

Transportation, submitted the following 

R E P O R T 

[To accompany H.R. 2608] 

The Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, to 

which was referred the bill (H.R. 2608) to reauthorize the National 

Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, and for other purposes, 

having considered the same, reports favorably thereon without 

amendment and recommends that the bill do pass. 

PURPOSE OF THE BILL

The purpose of this legislation, as reported, is to reauthorize the 

National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP or Program), to authorize appropriations for this multi-agency program at 

the Federal Emergency Management Agency (which has been 

transferred into the Emergency Preparedness and Response 

(EP&R) Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security 

(DHS)), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Science 

Foundation (NSF), and the National Institute of Standards and 

Technology (NIST), and to improve the coordination of the Program 

among these agencies. 

BACKGROUND AND NEEDS

Earthquakes are shakings or tremors caused by seismic waves 

passing through the Earth’s interior. Seismic waves can be produced by an explosion, volcanic eruption, or, most commonly, by 

the faulting or fracturing of rock within the Earth’s ‘‘outer shell’’ 

or crust by geologic forces. The faults, along which movement occurs, form because rocks in the upper miles of the crust are brittle 

and fracture from stress. The stress may result from movements of 

molten rock tens of miles beneath the surface, from forces related 

to Earth’s rotation on its axis, or from other causes. From time to 

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time, the accumulation of stress becomes too great for the rock to 

withstand, and it fractures. The movement along the fracture relieves some of the stress, until it again builds up. Consequently, 

earthquakes commonly occur along previous fracture zones and are 

not randomly distributed. For example, 80% of the world’s earthquake energy is released around the Pacific rim, from Chile northward through Central America, the western United States, Canada, Alaska, Japan, Indonesia, and New Zealand. However, while 

most earthquakes occur along the fracture zones that form the 

boundaries of the Earth’s crustal plates, some do occur within the 

crustal plates. 

The theory of plate tectonics forms the framework for the expected location and occurrence of earthquakes. This large-scale picture of the tectonics, or movement of the outer layers of the Earth, 

was developed in the 1960s and 1970s. According to the theory, the 

outer layers of the Earth are broken into 13 or more large plates 

that migrate a few centimeters per year across the surface of the 

Earth. Over hundreds of millions of years, this migration can move 

continents from the equator to the poles, rift land masses apart, or 

assemble land fragments to form continents. As plates move, they 

grind past or run into one another. The motion between the plates 

produces the stress that results in most of the world’s earthquakes. 

For the United States, the two types of plate boundaries most associated with damaging earthquakes are subduction zones (one plate 

overriding another) and lateral motion (two plates slipping past 

each other) which produces strike-slip faults. 

All 50 states are vulnerable to the hazards of earthquakes and 

at least 39 of them are subject to seismic risk ranging from moderate to major. Total annualized damages in the United States are 

estimated to be about $4.4 billion in direct financial losses due to 

such costs as repair expenses, inventory loss, and business interruption. Two of the most recent earthquakes in the United States 

occurred on December 9, 2003 near Richmond, Virginia, which registered 4.5 on the Richter scale, and on December 22, 2003 near 

Paso Robles, California. Two people were killed in the California 

earthquake, which had a magnitude of 6.5. 

The NEHRP was created in 1977 when Congress passed the 

Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act (P.L. 95–124). The act reflected 

the general optimism of the times about the potential for earthquake prediction and accurate short-term forecasts of the location, 

magnitude, and timing of earthquakes. It authorized appropriations for the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Science Foundation (NSF). While the act mentioned non-research activities such as public education and code development, it 

did not make clear how those objectives were to be implemented. 

Instead, the President was charged with developing an implementation plan. After the Federal Emergency Management Agency 

(FEMA) was created in 1979, the President designated it as the 

lead agency for NEHRP. In 1980, Congress reauthorized the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act (P.L. 96–472) to define FEMA as 

lead agency and to authorize additional funding for FEMA and the 

National Bureau of Standards (which has been renamed National 

Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)). While NEHRP has 

been reauthorized nine times, the only other substantive changes 

were made in 1990 (P.L. 101–614). These included decreasing emVerDate Aug 04 2004 04:38 Oct 09, 2004 Jkt 039010 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6601 E:\HR\OC\SR385.XXX SR385
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phasis on the role of earthquake prediction; clarifying and defining 

the role of FEMA; clarifying and expanding the program objectives; 

and requiring Federal agencies to adopt seismic safety standards 

for new and existing Federal buildings. 

Currently, NEHRP includes funding for the four principal agencies with the functions listed below: 

• THE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE DIREC- TORATE OF DHS/FEMA: As the current lead agency of NEHRP, 

the EP&R Directorate is primarily responsible for translating 

the research programs of the other agencies into effective 

earthquake hazard reduction measures for implementation at 

the State and local levels and within Federally- owned or 

leased properties. That responsibility includes developing and 

disseminating improved seismic design and construction techniques and standards for application by Federal, State, and 

local entities, and for voluntary use by design professionals 

and model code groups that formulate Uniform Building codes. 

The EP&R Directorate also coordinates the Federal response to 

catastrophic earthquakes; provides financial and technical assistance to State and local governments to implement comprehensive earthquake hazard reduction programs; and develops public awareness and education programs. The EP&R Directorate also prepares a coordinated budget document for the 

NEHRP, and, through the interagency NEHRP group, plans 

and participates in the development of earthquake research 

agendas and new mitigation techniques. An important role of 

the EP&R Directorate is to ensure that there is no unnecessary 

duplication among the Federal agency programs. 

• USGS: The USGS conducts basic research on earthquakes 

and provides assessments of earthquake hazards. This includes 

studies of the geology and seismicity of an area using instruments, paleoseismological techniques, and historical records to 

suggest the likelihood and size of potential earthquakes and to 

identify and assess the seismic hazards. The information generated provides local communities and other bodies with a 

basis for prioritizing hazard reduction activities. The most recent products of this effort are the National Seismic Hazards 

Maps that serve as the scientific basis for the seismic design 

maps that are incorporated into model building codes. Further, 

the USGS monitors strong ground motion during earthquakes, 

which, coupled with surface geology, is used as an input into 

building design. The USGS also conducts research to understand how earthquakes occur and to identify precursors that 

might make it possible to predict them. 

The USGS also is developing the Advanced National Seismic 

System (ANSS) to expand the ground- and building-based 

strong motion recordings in urban areas, thus providing the 

engineering community with the data they need to improve 

building codes and structural design practices. The ANSS plan 

calls for the placement of 3,000 additional ground-based instruments and 3,000 structural instruments in 26 seismically active metropolitan areas across the United States. The ANSS 

ground-based instruments will be positioned to sample a range 

of different soil types, geologic and basin conditions, and fault 

proximity. In addition, the instruments will be deployed close 

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to major fault zones to capture large ground motion should 

faults slip during a major earthquake. ANSS structural sites 

will be selected to validate and calibrate building designs and 

retrofit codes, calibrate post-earthquake evaluation procedures, 

and advance new methods such as performance-based design 

standards. The data acquired from these instruments will be 

used to improve the current design standards for buildings, 

lifelines, and other structures, and identify critical weaknesses 

of current structures. 

• NIST: NIST is mandated by Congress to conduct research 

and development in earthquake engineering directed at improving building codes and standards as well as advancing 

practices for structures and lifelines. This work focuses on the 

development of design guidelines and test requirements 

through problem-focused research and development to introduce the use of new and innovative mitigation measures to the 

design and construction professions. NIST investigators use 

the earthquake damage zones as laboratories in post-earthquake studies. By examining the response of the built environment, investigators seek to improve the design practices used 

for structures and lifeline systems. All four NEHRP agencies 

participate in post-earthquake studies as an aid in carrying out 

their assigned functions. 

• NSF: NSF supports fundamental earthquake research 

through large-scale, small group, and individual research activities and by funding centers, facilities, and instrumentation. 

Research funded by NSF includes engineering research, basic 

earth science research, and earthquake-related social science 

research. The earthquake engineering research includes studying how buildings respond to earthquakes, how to design and 

construct buildings to resist earthquakes better, and how to 

transfer that knowledge to the engineers and architects who 

design buildings and develop building codes. 

NSF also has two major research projects under way to 

study earthquakes. EarthScope is a distributed, multi-purpose 

geophysical instrument array that will make major advances 

in our knowledge and understanding of the structure and dynamics of the North American continent. The EarthScope observational facility, consisting of the Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth 

(SAFOD), and the USArray, provides a framework for broad, 

integrated studies across the earth sciences, including research 

on fault properties and the earthquake process; crustal strain 

transfer; magmatic and hydrous fluids in the crust and mantle; 

plate boundary processes; large- scale continental deformation; 

continental structure and evolution; and composition and 

structure of the deep-Earth. NSF, USGS, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Department of 

Energy, and the International Continental Scientific Drilling 

Programme will be the funding partners of EarthScope, with 

USGS and NASA expected as operating partners. 

In addition, NSF is developing the George E. Brown, Jr. Network 

for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES). NEES will provide a national, networked simulation resource of fifteen geographically distributed, shared use next-generation experimental research 

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equipment sites with teleobservation and teleoperation capabilities. 

The purpose of NEES is to improve seismic design and performance of U.S. civil and mechanical infrastructure systems. The system will use shake tables, geotechnical centrifuges, a tsunami wave 

basin, large-scale laboratory experimentation systems and field experimentation and monitoring installations. NEES equipment will 

be located at academic institutions throughout the U.S. networked 

together through a high performance Internet system, and operated 

during the fiscal year (FY) 2005 through FY 2014 by a NEES Consortium. 

The President’s budget request for FY 2005 for the entire NEHRP program is $114.59 million including $20.5 million for 

EP&R/FEMA; $45.74 million for NSF; $46.5 million for USGS; and 

$1.85 million for NIST. 

SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS

H.R. 2608, as reported, would reauthorize the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) for FY 2004 through 

FY 2006 to coordinate multi-agency efforts to understand earthquake impact and reduce the hazards associated with earthquakes. 

It also would revise Program activities to (1) develop effective 

measures for earthquake hazards reduction; (2) promote the adoption of these measures by Federal, State, and local governments, 

national standards and model code organizations, architects and 

engineers, building owners, and other relevant stakeholders; and 

(3) improve the understanding of earthquakes and their effects on 

buildings, structures, and lifelines. 

The legislation would establish an Interagency Coordinating 

Committee (ICC), and designate the Director of NIST as the Chair 

of the Committee, transferring leadership of the Program from 

FEMA to NIST. In addition, H.R. 2608, as reported, would require 

the Committee to develop, and update periodically, both a strategic 

plan and a management plan to implement the strategic plan. The 

ICC would be required to develop a single, coordinated, interagency 

budget for the Program to be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget each year prior to the deadline for agency budget 

submissions. 

H.R. 2608, as reported, would authorize appropriations for FEMA of $19,000,000 for FY 2004; $21,000,000 for FY 2005; and 

$23,000,000 for FY 2006. In addition, it would authorize appropriations for NIST of $8,000,000 for FY 2004; $9,600,000 for FY 2005; 

and $12,500,000 for FY 2006. It also would authorize appropriations for USGS of $80,000,000 for FY 2004; $83,500,000 for FY 

2005; and $93,000,000 for FY 2006. It also would authorize appropriations for base NEHRP activities at NSF of $39,000,000 for FY 

2004; $44,000,000 for FY 2005; and $47,500,000 for FY 2006. The 

legislation would authorize appropriations for NEES of $8,000,000 

for FY 2004, and for Operation and Maintenance of NEES of 

$20,000,000 for FY 2005 and $20,000,000 for FY 2006. Total authorization of appropriations for all Program agencies through fiscal year 2006 is $528 million. 

H.R. 2608, as reported, would direct the ICC to transmit to Congress an annual report, to include the NEHRP budget for the current and upcoming fiscal years for each NEHRP agency and a description of the activities of the Program during the previous year. 

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The legislation also would require the Director of NIST to establish an external advisory committee for NEHRP on earthquake 

hazards reduction consisting of non-Federal members representing 

research and academic institutions, industry, standards development organizations, State and local government, and financial communities. The Advisory Committee would be required to report its 

findings and recommendations. 

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY

On June 26, 2003, Representative Nick Smith introduced H.R. 

2608, the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2003. This legislation was co-sponsored by Representatives Brian Baird and Zoe Lofgren. The bill was amended 

and reported by the House Science Committee (H. Rept. 108–246, 

Part I). On October 1, 2003, the House passed H.R. 2608 by voice 

vote on a motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill. 

On June 24, 2004, the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and 

Space conducted a hearing on H.R. 2608, the National Earthquake 

Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2003. At the 

hearing, the witnesses included: Dr. David Applegate, Senior 

Science Advisor for Earthquake & Geologic Hazards; Mr. Archibald 

C. Reid, III, Deputy Director, Mitigation Division, Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Dr. S. Shyam-Sunder, Acting Director, Building and 

Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and 

Technology; and Dr. Galip Ulsoy, Director, Division of Civil & Mechanical Systems, Directorate for Engineering, National Science 

Foundation. 

On July 20, 2004, the Committee met in open executive session 

and, by a voice vote, ordered H.R. 2608 to be reported without 

amendment. 

ESTIMATED COSTS

In accordance with paragraph 11(a) of rule XXVI of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate and section 403 of the Congressional Budget 

Act of 1974, the Committee provides the following cost estimate, 

prepared by the Congressional Budget Office: 

H.R. 2608—National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2003 

Summary: Assuming appropriation of specified and estimated authorization amounts, CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 2608 

would cost $691 million over the 2004–2009 period for programs 

aimed at reducing earthquake hazards. Enacting H.R. 2608 would 

not affect direct spending or revenues. 

H.R. 2608 would authorize the appropriation of $482 million over 

the 2004–2006 period for the Federal Emergency Management 

Agency (FEMA), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National 

Science Foundation (NSF), and the National Institute of Standards 

and Technology (NIST) to carry out provisions of the Earthquake 

Hazards Reduction Act of 1977. The act also would authorize the 

appropriation of amounts necessary to the U.S. Geological Survey 

for fiscal years 2007 and 2008 to implement that act. In addition, 

the act would authorize the appropriation of $48 million over the 

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2004–2006 period for the NSF’s Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation. 

H.R. 2608 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) 

and would impose no costs on state, local or tribal governments. 

State and local governments might benefit from grants to adopt 

measures for reducing earthquake hazards. 

Estimated cost to the Federal Government: The estimated budgetary impact of H.R. 2608 is shown in the following table. The costs 

of this legislation fall within budget functions 250 (general science, 

space, and technology), 300 (natural resources and environment), 

370 (commerce and housing credit), and 450 (community and regional development). 

For this estimate, CBO assumes that the authorized and estimated amounts will be appropriated for each fiscal year. Outlay estimates are based on historical spending patterns for existing and 

similar programs. CBO estimated the authorization level for the 

USGS in 2007 and 2008 by adjusting the level specified in the act 

for that agency in 2006 for anticipated inflation. 

By fiscal year, in millions of dollars— 

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 

SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION 

Spending Under Current Law for Earthquake Hazards Reduction Activities: 

Budget Authority 1 ........................................................................... 109 0 0 0 0 0 

Estimated Outlays ........................................................................... 90 42 15 6 2 0 

Proposed Changes: 

FEMA: 

Authorization Level ................................................................. 19 21 23 0 0 0 

Estimated Outlays .................................................................. 0 9 14 18 12 7 

USGS: 

Estimated Authorization Level ................................................ 80 84 93 96 99 0 

Estimated Outlays .................................................................. 0 69 83 92 96 99 

NSF: 

Authorization Level ................................................................. 47 64 68 0 0 0 

Estimated Outlays .................................................................. 0 10 35 53 46 18 

NIST: 

Authorization Level ................................................................. 8 10 13 0 0 0 

Estimated Outlays .................................................................. 0 6 9 12 3 0 

Total Changes: 

Estimated Authorization Level ................................................ 154 179 197 96 99 0 

Estimated Outlays .................................................................. 0 94 141 175 157 124 

Spending Under H.R. 2608 for Earthquake Hazards Reduction Activities: 

Estimated Authorization Level ......................................................... 263 179 197 100 102 0 

Estimated Outlays ........................................................................... 90 136 156 181 159 124 

1 The 2004 level is the amount appropriated for that year for FEMA, USGS, NSF, and NIST activities related to earthquake hazards reduction. 

Intergovernmental and Private-Sector Impact: H.R. 2608 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined 

in UMRA and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments. State and local governments might benefit from grants 

to adopt measures for reducing earthquake hazards. 

Previous CBO estimate: On July 25, 2003, CBO transmitted an 

estimate for H.R. 2608 as ordered reported by the House Committee on Science on July 22, 2003. The two versions of the legislation are identical, and our cost estimates are the same. 

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Estimate prepared by: Federal Costs: Julie Middleton; Impact on 

State, Local, and Tribal Governments: Melissa Merrell; and Impact 

on the Private Sector: Amina Masood. 

Estimate approved by: Peter H. Fontaine, Deputy Assistant Director for Budget Analysis. 

REGULATORY IMPACT STATEMENT

In accordance with paragraph 11(b) of rule XXVI of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate, the Committee provides the following evaluation of the regulatory impact of the legislation, as reported: 

NUMBER OF PERSONS COVERED

H.R. 2608, as reported, authorizes appropriations for the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for fiscal years 

2004, 2005, and 2006. The Committee believes that the reported 

bill will not subject any individuals or businesses affected by the 

bill to any additional regulations. 

ECONOMIC IMPACT

This legislation would not have an adverse economic impact on 

our Nation. 

PRIVACY

H.R. 2608 would not have a negative impact on the personal privacy of individuals. 

PAPERWORK

The legislation contains the following 3 reporting requirements— 

(1) The Interagency Coordinating Committee on Earthquake 

Hazards Reduction would be required to submit to the Director 

of OMB a coordinated interagency budget; 

(2) The Interagency Coordination Committee would be required to transmit, at the time of the President’s budget request to Congress, an annual report to the House Committees 

on Science and Resources and the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation that would include the program budget for the current fiscal year for each agency and 

major goal; the proposed budget for the next fiscal year for 

each agency and major goal; a description of the activities and 

assessment of the effectiveness of the program; a description of 

the extent to which the program incorporated the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction; and descriptions of the activities carried out by the 

Program agencies and grant program, including the budgets 

for the current and subsequent fiscal years; and 

(3) The Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction would be required to report to the Director on its assessment and recommendations for improving the program not 

later than one year after enactment of this act and at least 

once every two years thereafter. 

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SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS

Sec. 1. Short title 

Section 1 would entitle the Act as the ‘‘National Earthquake 

Hazards Reduction Program Reauthorization Act of 2003.’’ 

Sec. 2. Definitions 

Section 2 would amend section 4 of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7703) to define the terms ‘‘Interagency Coordinating Committee’’ and ‘‘Advisory Committee.’’ 

Sec. 3. National Earthquake Hazards Reductions Program 

Section 3 would amend section 5 of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704(b)) to establish the National 

Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. The program would be 

designed to develop effective measures for earthquake hazards reduction. It would also use grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, technical assistance, the development of standards, guidelines, and voluntary consensus codes, and the development and 

maintenance of a repository of information to promote the adoption 

of earthquake hazards reduction measures by Federal, State, and 

local governments, national standards and model code organizations, architects, engineers, building owners, and others. The program would also improve the understanding of earthquakes and 

their effects on communities, buildings, and infrastructure through 

interdisciplinary research involving engineering, natural sciences, 

and social, economic, and decisions sciences. 

Section 3 also would establish the Interagency Coordination 

Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction, which would be 

chaired by the Director of NIST and composed of the directors of 

FEMA, USGS, NSF, the Office of Science and Technology Policy, 

and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The Interagency 

Coordinating Committee would be required to meet not less than 

three times a year at the call of the Director. Not later than six 

months after the date of enactment of the Act, the Interagency Coordinating Committee would be required to develop a strategic plan 

to establish goals and priorities for program activities, a detailed 

management plan to implement the strategic plan, and a coordinated interagency budget for the program to be submitted to the 

Director of OMB. 

The Interagency Coordinating Committee would be required to 

transmit, at the time of the President’s budget request to Congress, 

an annual report to the House of Representatives Committees on 

Science and Resources and the Senate Committee on Commerce, 

Science, and Transportation. The report would include the program 

budget for the current fiscal year for each agency and major goal, 

the proposed budget for the next fiscal year for each agency and 

major goal, a description of the activities and assessment of the effectiveness of the program, a description of the extent to which the 

program incorporated the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction, and descriptions of the 

activities carried out by the program agencies and grant program, 

including the budgets for the current and following fiscal years. 

In addition, section 3 would establish an Advisory Committee on 

Earthquake Hazards Reduction consisting of non-Federal members, 

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including representatives of research and academic institutions, industry standards development organizations, State and local governments, and financial communities who are qualified to provide 

advice on earthquake hazards reduction. The Advisory Committee 

would be required to assess trends and development in earthquake 

science and engineering, the effectiveness of the program, the need 

to revise the program, and the management, coordination, implementation, and activities of the program. Not later than one year 

after enactment of this act and at least once every two years thereafter, the Advisory Committee would be required to report to the 

Director on its assessment and recommendations for improving the 

program. 

Section 3 also would amend section 5 of the Earthquake Hazards 

Reduction Act of 1977 (42 U.S.C. 7704) to re-organize the program 

by designating the NIST as the lead NEHRP agency with the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the program. As 

the lead agency, NIST also would be directed to support the development of performance-based seismic engineering tools and work 

with appropriate groups to promote the commercial application of 

such tools through earthquake-related building codes, standards, 

and construction practices. This section would include a number of 

technical changes that would recognize NIST’s role as the lead 

agency. To fulfill its new role, the Committee acknowledges that 

NIST will need additional funding and hopes that future budget requests will include amounts authorized for NIST in section 4. 

Section 3 would direct USGS to coordinate program activities 

with similar earthquake reduction efforts in other countries, and 

maintain suitable seismic hazard maps in support of building 

codes. NSF would be directed to support research that improves 

the safety and performance of buildings, structures, and other 

forms of infrastructure using large-scale experimental and computational facilities, and to include diverse institutions, such as 

Historically Black Colleges and Universities, and those serving 

large proportions of Hispanics, Native Americans, Asian-Pacific 

Americans, and other under-represented populations. The Committee recognizes that NSF funds a variety of research activities 

and expects that major scientific and technical advances will 

emerge as a result of the agency’s support, especially through 

‘‘grand challenge’’ research initiatives. 

Sec. 4. Authorization of appropriations 

Section 4 would authorize the following appropriations for the 

NEHRP agencies at the following levels: 

[BY FISCAL YEAR, IN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS] 

Agency FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 

FEMA 19 21 23 

NIST 8.0 9.6 12.5 

NSF (Total) 47.0 59.0 62.5 

NSF (Base) 39.0 44.0 47.5 

NSF (NEES) 8.0 15.0 15.0 

USGS (Total) 80.0 83.5 93.0 

USGS (Base) 50.0 53.5 57.0 

USGS (ANSS) 30.0 30.0 36.0 

TOTAL 153.5 172.6 190.5 

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Section 4 would set aside not less than $3 million of FEMA’s authorization each fiscal year from FY 2004 to FY 2006 to support 

the development of performance-based, cost-effective, and affordable codes for buildings, structures, and other infrastructure. The 

Committee recognizes the important work done by regional earthquake consortia to serve State emergency managers and geological 

surveys, and recommends that FEMA continue to fund these consortia at historical levels. 

In addition to the sums authorized in the table above, the section 

would authorize such sums as may be necessary for USGS in FY 

2007 and FY 2008, with not less than $36 million set aside for the 

completion of the ANSS. Of the amounts authorized for NIST from 

FY 2004 to FY 2006, not less than $2 million each year would be 

set aside for supporting the development of performance-based, 

cost-effective, and affordable codes. 

CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW

In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill, as 

reported, are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted 

is enclosed in black brackets, new material is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman): 

EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION ACT OF 1977 

* * * * * * * 

SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 

As used in this Act, unless the context otherwise requires: 

(1) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

(8) The term ‘‘Interagency Coordinating Committee’’ means 

the Interagency Coordinating Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction established under section 5(a). 

(9) The term ‘‘Advisory Committee’’ means the Advisory Committee established under section 5(a)(5). 

SEC. 5. NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION PROGRAM. 

ø(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program.¿ 

(a) ESTABLISHMENT.— 

(1) IN GENERAL.—There is established the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. 

(2) PROGRAM ACTIVITIES.—The activities of the Program shall 

be designed to— 

(A) develop effective measures for earthquake hazards reduction; 

(B) promote the adoption of earthquake hazards reduction measures by Federal, State, and local governments, 

national standards and model code organizations, architects and engineers, building owners, and others with a role 

in planning and constructing buildings, structures, and 

lifelines through— 

(i) grants, contracts, cooperative agreements, and 

technical assistance; 

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(ii) development of standards, guidelines, and voluntary consensus codes for earthquake hazards reduction for buildings, structures, and lifelines; and 

(iii) development and maintenance of a repository of 

information, including technical data, on seismic risk 

and hazards reduction; and 

(C) improve the understanding of earthquakes and their 

effects on communities, buildings, structures, and lifelines, 

through interdisciplinary research that involves engineering, natural sciences, and social, economic, and decisions 

sciences. 

(3) INTERAGENCY COORDINATING COMMITTEE ON EARTHQUAKE

HAZARDS REDUCTION.— 

(A) IN GENERAL.—There is established an Interagency Coordinating Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction 

chaired by the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (referred to in this subsection as the 

‘‘Director’’). 

(B) MEMBERSHIP.—The committee shall be composed of 

the directors of— 

(i) the Federal Emergency Management Agency; 

(ii) the United States Geological Survey; 

(iii) the National Science Foundation; 

(iv) the Office of Science and Technology Policy; and 

(v) the Office of Management and Budget. 

(C) MEETINGS.—The Committee shall meet not less than 

3 times a year at the call of the Director. 

(D) PURPOSE AND DUTIES.—The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall oversee the planning, management, 

and coordination of the Program. The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall— 

(i) develop, not later than 6 months after the date of 

enactment of this Act, and update periodically— 

(I) a strategic plan that establishes goals and 

priorities for the Program activities described 

under subsection (a)(2); and 

(II) a detailed management plan to implement 

such strategic plan; and 

(ii) develop a coordinated interagency budget for the 

Program that will ensure appropriate balance among 

the Program activities described under subsection 

(a)(2), and submit such budget to the Director of the 

Office of Management and Budget at the time designated by that office for agencies to submit annual 

budgets. 

(4) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Interagency Coordinating Committee shall transmit, at the time of the President’s budget request to Congress, an annual report to the Committee on 

Science and the Committee on Resources of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 

Transportation of the Senate. Such report shall include— 

(A) the Program budget for the current fiscal year for 

each agency that participates in the Program, and for each 

major goal established for the Program activities under 

subparagraph (3)(A); 

13 

(B) the proposed Program budget for the next fiscal year 

for each agency that participates in the Program, and for 

each major goal established for the Program activities 

under subparagraph (3)(A); 

(C) a description of the activities and results of the Program during the previous year, including an assessment of 

the effectiveness of the Program in furthering the goals established in the strategic plan under (3)(A); 

(D) a description of the extent to which the Program has 

incorporated the recommendations of the Advisory Committee; 

(E) a description of activities, including budgets for the 

current fiscal year and proposed budgets for the next fiscal 

year, that are carried out by Program agencies and contribute to the Program, but are not included in the Program; and 

(F) a description of the activities, including budgets for 

the current fiscal year and proposed budgets for the following fiscal year, related to the grant program carried out 

under subsection (b)(2)(A)(i). 

(5) ADVISORY COMMITTEE.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall establish an Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction consisting of non-Federal members, including representatives 

of research and academic institutions, industry standards 

development organizations, State and local government, 

and financial communities who are qualified to provide advice on earthquake hazards reduction. The recommendations of the Advisory Committee shall be considered by Federal agencies in implementing the Program. 

(B) ASSESSMENT.—The Advisory Committee shall assess— 

(i) trends and developments in the science and engineering of earthquake hazards reduction; 

(ii) effectiveness of the Program in carrying out the 

activities under (a)(2); 

(iii) the need to revise the Program; and 

(iv) the management, coordination, implementation, 

and activities of the Program. 

(C) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act and at least once every 2 years thereafter, the Advisory Committee shall report to the Director 

on its findings of the assessment carried out under subparagraph (B) and its recommendations for ways to improve the Program. In developing recommendations, the 

Committee shall consider the recommendations of the 

United States Geological Survey Scientific Earthquake 

Studies Advisory Committee. 

(D) FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ACT APPLICATION.— Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 App. 

U.S.C. 14) shall not apply to the Advisory Committee. 

(b) RESPONSIBILITIES OF PROGRAM AGENCIES.— (1) LEAD AGENCY.—The øFederal Emergency Management 

Agency (hereafter in this Act referred to as the ‘‘Agency’’) shall 

have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating 

14 

the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of 

the Agency¿ National Institute of Standards and Technology 

shall have the primary responsibility for planning and coordinating the Program. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the Institute shall— 

(A) * * * 

ø(B) prepare, in conjunction with the other Program 

agencies, a written plan for the Program, which shall include specific tasks and milestones for each Program agency, and which shall be submitted to the Congress and updated at such times as may be required by significant Program events, but in no event less frequently than every 3 

years; 

ø(C) prepare, in conjunction with the other Program 

agencies, a biennial report, to be submitted to the Congress within 90 days after the end of each even-numbered 

fiscal year, which shall describe the activities and achievements of the Program during the preceding two fiscal 

years;¿ 

(B) support the development of performance-based seismic engineering tools, and work with appropriate groups to 

promote the commercial application of such tools, through 

earthquake-related building codes, standards, and construction practices; 

ø(D)¿ (C) request the assistance of Federal agencies 

other than the Program agencies, as necessary to assist in 

carrying out this Act; and 

ø(E)¿ (D) work with the øNational Science Foundation, 

the National Institute of Standards and Technology¿ Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Science 

Foundation, and the United States Geological Survey, to 

develop a comprehensive plan for earthquake engineering 

research to effectively use existing testing facilities and 

laboratories (existing at the time of the development of the 

plan), upgrade facilities and equipment as needed, and integrate new, innovative testing approaches to the research 

infrastructure in a systematic manner. 

øThe principal official carrying out the responsibilities described in this paragraph shall be at a level no lower than that 

of Associate Director.¿ 

(2) FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY.— (A) PROGRAM RESPONSIBILITIES.—øIn addition to the lead 

agency responsibilities described in paragraph (1), the Director of the Agency¿ The Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (in this Act referred to as the 

‘‘Agency’’) shall— 

(i) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

ø(iii) prepare and disseminate widely, with the assistance of the National Institute of Standards and 

Technology, other Federal agencies, and private sector 

groups, information on building codes and practices for 

structures and lifelines;¿ 

(iii) assist the National Institute of Standards and 

Technology, other Federal agencies, and private sector 

15 

groups in the preparation and wide dissemination of 

building codes and practices for structures and lifelines, and aid in the development of performance based 

codes for buildings, structures, and lifelines that are 

cost effective and affordable; 

* * * * * * * 

(3) UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.—The United States 

Geological Survey shall conduct research and other activities 

necessary to characterize and identify earthquake hazards, assess earthquake risks, monitor seismic activity, and improve 

earthquake predictions. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the United States Geological Survey shall— 

(A) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

(C) develop standard procedures, in consultation with 

øthe Agency¿ the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute 

of Standards and Technology, for issuing earthquake predictions, including aftershock advisories; 

(D) issue when necessary, and notify the Director of øthe 

Agency¿ the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Director of the National Institute of 

Standards and Technology of, an earthquake prediction or 

other earthquake advisory, which may be evaluated by the 

National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, which 

shall be exempt from the requirements of section 10(a)(2) 

of the Federal Advisory Committee Act when meeting for 

such purposes; 

(E) øestablish, using existing facilities, a Center for the 

International Exchange of Earthquake Information¿ operate, using the National Earthquake Information Center, a 

forum for the international exchange of earthquake information which shall— 

(i) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

(F) operate a National Seismic øNetwork¿ System; 

* * * * * * * 

(I) work with other Program agencies to coordinate Program activities with similar eathquake hazards reduction 

efforts in other countries, to ensure that the Program benefits from relevant information and advances in those countries; and 

(J) maintain suitable seismic hazard maps in support of 

building codes for structures and lifelines, including additional maps needed for performance based design approaches. 

(4) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.—The National Science 

Foundation shall be responsible for funding research on earth 

sciences to improve the understanding of the causes and behavior of earthquakes, on earthquake engineering, and on 

human response to earthquakes. In carrying out this paragraph, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall— 

16 

(A) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

(D) support research that improves the safety and performance of buildings, structures, and lifeline systems 

using large-scale experimental and computational facilities; 

ø(D)¿ (E) emphasize, in earthquake engineering research, development of economically feasible methods to 

retrofit existing buildings and to protect lifelines to mitigate earthquake damage; 

ø(E)¿ (F) support research that studies the political, economic, and social factors that influence the implementation of hazard reduction measures; øand¿ 

(G) include to the maximum extent practicable diverse institutions, including Historically Black Colleges and Universities and those serving large proportions of Hispanics, 

Native Americans, Asian-Pacific Americans, and other 

underrepresented populations; and 

ø(F)¿ (H) develop, in conjunction with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Institute of 

Standards and Technology, and the United States Geological Survey, a comprehensive plan for earthquake engineering research to effectively use existing testing facilities and 

laboratories (in existence at the time of the development of 

the plan), upgrade facilities and equipment as needed, and 

integrate new, innovative testing approaches to the research infrastructure in a systematic manner. 

(5) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY.— øThe National¿ In addition to the lead agency responsibilities 

described under paragraph (1), the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall be responsible for carrying out research and development to improve building codes and standards and practices for structures and lifelines. In carrying out 

this paragraph, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall— 

(A) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

(c) BUDGET COORDINATION.— (1) GUIDANCE.—The øAgency¿ Interagency Coordinating 

Committee shall each year provide guidance to the other Program agencies concerning the preparation of requests for appropriations for activities related to the Program, and shall 

prepare, in conjunction with the other Program agencies, an 

annual Program budget to be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget. 

* * * * * * * 

SEC. 12. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

(a)(1) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

(8) There are authorized to be appropriated to the Federal Emer- gency Management Agency for carrying out this Act $19,000,000 for 

fiscal year 2004; $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; and $23,000,000 

for fiscal year 2006. Of such amounts appropriated, not less than 

$3,000,000 shall be made available each such fiscal year for supVerDate Aug 04 2004 04:38 Oct 09, 2004 Jkt 039010 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6603 E:\HR\OC\SR385.XXX SR385
17 

porting the development of performance-based, cost-effective, and affordable codes for buildings, structures, and lifelines. 

(b) GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.—There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior for purposes for carrying 

out, through the Director of the United States Geological Survey, 

the responsibilities that may be assigned to the Director under this 

Act not to exceed $27,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 

30, 1978; not to exceed $35,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1979; not to exceed $40,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1980; $32,484,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981; $34,425,000 for the fiscal year ending September 

30, 1982; $31,843,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 

1983; $35,524,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1984; 

$37,300,200 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1985; 

$35,578,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1986; 

$37,179,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987; 

$38,540,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988; 

$41,819,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989; 

$55,283,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990, of which 

$8,000,000 shall be for earthquake investigations under section 11; 

$50,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1991; 

$54,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1992; 

$62,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993; 

$49,200,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1995; 

$50,676,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996; 

$52,565,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, of which 

$3,800,000 shall be used for the Global Seismic Network operated 

by the Agency; and $54,052,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1999, of which $3,800,000 shall be used for the Global 

Seismic Network operated by the Agency. There are authorized to 

be appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior for purposes of carrying out, through the Director of the United States Geological Survey, the responsibilities that may be assigned to the Director under 

this Act $48,360,000 for fiscal year 2001, of which $3,500,000 is for 

the Global Seismic Network and $100,000 is for the Scientific 

Earthquake Studies Advisory Committee established under section 

210 of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Authorization Act of 

2000; $50,415,000 for fiscal year 2002, of which $3,600,000 is for 

the Global Seismic Network and $100,000 is for the Scientific 

Earthquake Studies Advisory Committee; and $52,558,000 for fiscal 

year 2003, of which $3,700,000 is for the Global Seismic Network 

and $100,000 is for the Scientific Earthquake Studies Advisory 

Committee. Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated under 

this subsection, at least— 

(1) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

shall be used for carrying out a competitive, peer-reviewed program 

under which the Director, in close coordination with and as a complement to related activities of the United States Geological Survey, awards grants to, or enters into cooperative agreements with, 

State and local governments and persons or entities from the academic community and the private sector. There are authorized to 

be appropriated to the United States Geological Survey for carrying 

out this Act $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2004, of which not less than 

$30,000,000 shall be made available for completion of the Advanced 

18 

National Seismic Research and Monitoring System established 

under section 13; $83,500,000 for fiscal year 2005, of which not less 

than $30,000,000 shall be made available for completion of the Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System established under section 13; $93,000,000 for fiscal year 2006, of which 

not less than $36,000,000 shall be made available for completion of 

the Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System 

established under section 13; such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2007, of which not less than $36,000,000 shall be made 

available for completion of the Advanced National Seismic Research 

and Monitoring System established under section 13; and such 

sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2008, of which not less 

than $36,000,000 shall be made available for completion of the Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System established under section 13. 

(c) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.—To enable the Foundation 

to carry out responsibilities that may be assigned to it under this 

Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Foundation not 

to exceed $27,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 

1978; not to exceed $35,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1979; not to exceed $40,000,000 for the first year ending 

September 30, 1980; $26,600,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981; $27,150,000 for the fiscal year ending September 

30 1982; $25,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1983; 

$25,800,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1984; 

$28,665,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1985; 

$27,760,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1986; 

$29,009,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987; 

$28,235,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988; 

$31,634,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989; 

$38,454,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990. Of the 

amounts authorized for Engineering under section 101(d)(1)(B) of 

the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988, 

$24,000,000 is authorized for carrying out this Act for the fiscal 

year ending September 30, 1991, and of the amounts authorized for 

Geosciences under section 101(d)(1)(D) of the National Science 

Foundation Authorization Act of 1988, $13,000,000 is authorized 

for carrying out this Act for the fiscal year ending September 30, 

1991. Of the amounts authorized for Research and Related Activities under section 101(e)(1) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988, $29,000,000 is authorized for engineering 

research under this Act, and $14,750,000 is authorized for geosciences research under this Act, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1992. Of the amounts authorized for Research and Related Activities under section 101(f)(1) of the National Science 

Foundation Authorization Act of 1988, $34,500,000 is authorized 

for engineering research under this Act, and $17,500,000 is authorized for geosciences research under this Act, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993. There are authorized to be appropriated, 

out of funds otherwise authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation: (1) $16,200,000 for engineering research 

and $10,900,000 for geosciences research for the fiscal year ending 

September 30, 1995, (2) $16,686,000 for engineering research and 

$11,227,000 for geosciences research for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996, (3) $18,450,000 for engineering research and 

19 

$11,920,000 for geosciences research for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, (4) $19,000,000 for engineering research and 

$12,280,000 for geosciences research for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1999. There are authorized to be appropriated to the 

National Science Foundation $19,000,000 for engineering research 

and $11,900,000 for geosciences research for fiscal year 2001; 

$19,808,000 for engineering research and $12,406,000 for geosciences research for fiscal year 2002; and $20,650,000 for engineering research and $12,933,000 for geosciences research for fiscal 

year 2003. There are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation for carrying out this Act $39,000,000 for fiscal 

year 2004; $44,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; and $47,500,000 for fiscal year 2006. 

(d) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY.—To 

enable the National Institute of Standards and Technology to carry 

out responsibilities that may be assigned to it under this Act, there 

are authorized to be appropriated $425,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981; $425,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1982; $475,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 

1983; $475,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1984; 

$498,750 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1985; $499,000 

for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1986; $521,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987; $525,000 for the fiscal year 

ending September 30, 1988; $525,000 for the fiscal year ending 

September 30, 1989; $2,525,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990; $1,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 

30, 1991; $3,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1992; 

and $4,750,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993. 

There are authorized to be appropriated, out of funds otherwise authorized to be appropriated to the National Institute of Standards 

and Technology, $1,900,000 for the fiscal year ending September 

30, 1995, $1,957,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996, 

$2,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, 

$2,060,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1999, 

$2,332,000 for fiscal year 2001, $2,431,000 for fiscal year 2002, and 

$2,534,300 for fiscal year 2003. There are authorized to be appropriated to the National Institute of Standards and Technology for 

carrying out this Act $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2004; $9,600,000 for 

fiscal year 2005; and $12,500,000 for fiscal year 2006. Of such 

amounts appropriated, not less than $2,000,000 shall be made 

available each such fiscal year for supporting the development of 

performance-based, cost-effective, and affordable codes for buildings, 

structures, and lifelines. 

SEC. 13. ADVANCED NATIONAL SEISMIC RESEARCH AND MONITORING 

SYSTEM. 

(a) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

ø(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— ø(1) EXPANSION AND MODERNIZATION.—In addition to 

amounts appropriated under section 12(b), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Interior, to be 

used by the Director of the United States Geological Survey to 

establish the Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System— 

20 

ø(A) $33,500,000 for fiscal year 2002; 

ø(B) $33,700,000 for fiscal year 2003; 

ø(C) $35,100,000 for fiscal year 2004; 

ø(D) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2005; and 

ø(E) $33,500,000 for fiscal year 2006. 

ø(2) OPERATION.—In addition to amounts appropriated under 

section 12(b), there are authorized to be appropriated to the 

Secretary of the Interior, to be used by the Director of the 

United States Geological Survey to operate the Advanced National Seismic Research and Monitoring System— 

ø(A) $4,500,000 for fiscal year 2002; and 

ø(B) $10,300,000 for fiscal year 2003.¿ 

SEC. 14. NETWORK FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING SIMULATION. 

(a) * * * 

(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addition to amounts 

appropriated under section 12(c), there are authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation for the George E. 

Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation— 

(1) * * * 

* * * * * * * 

(3) $4,500,000 for fiscal year 2003; øand¿ 

ø(4) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2004.¿ 

(4) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2004; 

(5) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2005, all of which shall be 

available for operations and maintenance; and 

(6) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2006, all of which shall be 

available for operations and maintenance. 

Æ