§ 301.92-11 Inspection and sampling protocols. ( a ) *Nurseries in quarantined areas shipping regulated articles of nursery stock and associated articles interstate* — ( 1 ) *Nurseries in which Phytophthora ramorum has not been detected since March 31, 2011.* To meet the requirements of § 301.92-5(a)(1)(iv), nurseries that are located in quarantined areas, that move regulated articles of nursery stock, decorative trees without roots, wreaths, garlands, or greenery, associated articles, or non-host nursery stock interstate, and in which *Phytophthora ramorum* has not been detected since March 31, 2011, must meet the following requirements. Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements are prohibited from moving regulated articles and associated articles interstate. Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements or those in paragraph (b) of this section are prohibited from moving non-host nursery stock interstate. ( i ) *Annual inspection, sampling, and testing* — ( A ) Inspection . The nursery must be inspected annually for symptoms of *Phytophthora ramorum* by an inspector. Inspectors will visually inspect for symptomatic plants throughout the nursery, and inspection will focus on, but not be limited to, regulated articles and associated articles.
( B ) *Sampling.* A minimum of 40 plant samples must be tested per nursery location. Samples must be taken from all symptomatic plants if symptomatic plants are present. If fewer than 40 symptomatic plants are present, each symptomatic plant must be sampled and the remainder of the 40 sample minimum must be taken from asymptomatic plants. If no symptomatic plants are present, 40 asymptomatic plants must be sampled; biased toward proven hosts. Each sample may contain more than one leaf, and may come from more than one plant, but all plants in the sample must be from the same lot. Asymptomatic samples, if collected, must be taken from regulated and associated articles and nearby plants. Inspectors must conduct inspections at times when the best expression of symptoms is anticipated and must take nursery fungicide programs into consideration. Nursery owners must keep records of fungicide applications for 2 years and must make them available to inspectors upon request.
( C ) *Testing.* Samples must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS, in accordance with § 301.92-12.
( D ) *Annual certification.* If all plant samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for *Phytophthora ramorum,* an inspector may certify that the nursery is free of evidence of *Phytophthora ramorum* infestation at the time of the inspection, and the nursery is eligible to enter into or maintain its compliance agreement in accordance with § 301.92-6.
( ii ) *Pre-shipment inspection, sampling, and testing* — ( A ) *Inspection.* During the 30 days prior to interstate movement from a nursery in a quarantined area, regulated articles or associated articles intended for interstate movement must be inspected for symptoms of *Phytophthora ramorum* by an inspector. Inspection will focus on, but not be limited to, regulated articles and associated articles. No inspections of shipments will be conducted unless the nursery from which the shipment originates has a current and valid annual certification in accordance with this section. ( 1 ) If no symptomatic plants are found upon inspection, the shipment may be considered free from evidence of *Phytophthora ramorum* and is eligible for interstate movement, provided that the nursery is operating under a compliance agreement with APHIS in accordance with § 301.92-6.
( 2 ) If symptomatic plants are found upon inspection, the inspector will collect at least one sample per symptomatic plant, and one sample per regulated article or associated article that is in close proximity to, or that has had physical contact with, a symptomatic plant.
( B ) *Testing and withholding from interstate movement.* Samples taken in accordance with this paragraph (a)(1) must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS, in accordance with § 301.92-12. The interstate movement of plants in the shipment is prohibited until the plants in the shipment are determined to be free of evidence of *Phytophthora ramorum* infection in accordance with § 301.92-12.
( 2 ) *Nurseries in which Phytophthora ramorum has been detected since March 31, 2011.* To meet the requirements of § 301.92-5(a)(1)(iv), nurseries that are located in quarantined areas, that move regulated articles of nursery stock, decorative trees without roots, wreaths, garlands, or greenery, associated articles, or non-host nursery stock interstate, and in which *Phytophthora ramorum* has been detected since March 31, 2011, must meet the following requirements. Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements are prohibited from moving regulated articles and associated articles interstate. Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements or those in paragraph (b) of this section are prohibited from moving non-host nursery stock interstate. ( i ) *Inspections.* The nursery must be inspected at least twice annually for symptoms of *Phytophthora ramorum* infestation by an inspector. The inspection will focus on regulated plants and other potential sources of *Phytophthora ramorum* inoculum.
( ii ) *Sampling.* Samples must be taken from host plants, soil, standing water, drainage water, water for irrigation, and any other articles determined by the inspector to be possible sources of *Phytophthora ramorum* inoculum. The number of samples taken may vary depending on the possible sources of inoculum identified at the nursery, as well as the number of host articles in the nursery.
( iii ) *Testing.* Samples must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS in accordance with § 301.92-12.
( iv ) *Negative results; certification.* If all samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for *Phytophthora ramorum,* an inspector may certify that the nursery is free of *Phytophthora ramorum* at the time of the inspection. If the nursery is inspected and determined by an inspector to be free of *Phytophthora ramorum* inoculum each time it is inspected for 3 consecutive years, the nursery will thereafter be inspected in accordance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
( v ) *Positive results.* If any samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return positive results for *Phytophthora ramorum,* the nursery may ship lots of regulated, restricted, and associated articles interstate pursuant to § 301.92-5(b) only if the lot is determined to be free from *Phytophthora ramorum* inoculum. The method for this determination will be specified in the nursery's compliance agreement with APHIS.
( b ) *Nurseries in quarantined areas shipping non-host nursery stock interstate.* Nurseries located in quarantined areas and that move non-host nursery stock interstate must meet the requirements of this paragraph or the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section. If such nurseries contain any regulated or restricted articles, the nursery must meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section. This paragraph (b) only applies if there are no regulated or associated articles or nursery stock at the nursery. Nurseries that do not meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section or this paragraph (b) are prohibited from moving non-host nursery stock interstate. ( 1 ) *Annual visual inspection.* The nursery must be visually inspected annually for symptoms of *Phytophthora ramorum*. Inspections and determinations of freedom from evidence of *Phytophthora ramorum* infestation must occur at the time when the best expression of symptoms is anticipated.
( 2 ) *Sampling.* All plants showing symptoms of infection with *Phytophthora ramorum* upon inspection will be sampled and tested in accordance with § 301.92-12. If symptomatic plants are found upon inspection, the following plants must be withheld from interstate shipment until testing is completed and the nursery is found free of evidence of *Phytophthora ramorum* in accordance with this paragraph (b) and § 301.92-12: All symptomatic plants, any plants located in the same lot as the suspect plant, and any plants located within 2 meters of this lot of plants.
( 3 ) *Certification.* If all plant samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for *Phytophthora ramorum,* or if an inspector at the nursery determines that plants in a nursery exhibit no signs of infection with *Phytophthora ramorum,* the inspector may certify that the nursery free of evidence of *Phytophthora ramorum* infestation at the time of inspection. Certification is valid for 1 year and must be renewed each year to continue shipping plants interstate.
( c ) *Regulated establishments shipping regulated, restricted, or associated articles of interstate* — ( 1 ) Inspections . To meet the conditions of § 301.92-5(b), the regulated establishment must be inspected at least twice annually for symptoms of *Phytophthora ramorum* infestation by an inspector. The inspection will focus on regulated plants and other potential sources of *Phytophthora ramorum* inoculum.
( 2 ) *Sampling.* Samples must be taken from host plants, soil, standing water, drainage water, water for irrigation, growing media, and any other articles determined by the inspector to be possible sources of *Phytophthora ramorum* inoculum. The number of samples taken may vary depending on the possible sources of inoculum identified at the nursery, as well as the number of host articles in the nursery.
( 3 ) *Testing.* Samples must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS in accordance with § 301.92-12.
( 4 ) *Negative results; certification.* If all samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for *Phytophthora ramorum,* an inspector may certify that the nursery is free of *Phytophthora ramorum* at the time of the inspection. For purposes of § 301.92-5(b), regulated, restricted, and associated articles at a certified nursery are considered free from *Phytophthora ramorum* until the time of the next inspection.
( 5 ) *Positive results.* If any samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return positive results for *Phytophthora ramorum,* the nursery may ship lots of regulated, restricted, and associated articles interstate pursuant to § 301.92-5(b) only if the lot is determined to be free from *Phytophthora ramorum* inoculum. The method for this determination will be specified in the nursery's compliance agreement with APHIS.
(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0310) [84 FR 16194, Apr. 18, 2019]