IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE 

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA 

PENSACOLA DIVISION

ROBERT SINCLAIR LEE

DC# T15204, 

Plaintiff, 

v. CASE NO. 3:20-cv-5462-MCR-HTC

LT. TYLER MCCRAINE, et al., 

Defendants. 

________________________________/

DEFENDANTS’ PARTIAL MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT

Defendants Drew Dice, Corey Jones, Tyler McCraine, Glenn Richburg, Justin 

Boatwright, Cody Cattnach, and Michael Tona, (hereinafter “Defendants”), through 

undersigned counsel, and pursuant to Rule 56(b), Fed. Rules Civil Pro., hereby file this 

partial motion for summary judgment, and allege the following in support thereof: 

I. Plaintiff cannot prove a constitutional violation by Defendants as to claims 

regarding being placed on property restriction;

II. Plaintiff cannot prove a constitutional violation by Defendants as to claims 

regarding statements made by Defendants;

III. Plaintiff cannot prove a constitutional violation by Defendants as to claims 

regarding allegedly untimely incident reports;

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IV. Defendants are entitled to Qualified Immunity regarding these claims.

PRELIMINARY STATEMENT

 Plaintiff, a pro se inmate of the Florida Department of Corrections serving a life 

sentence at Santa Rosa Correctional Institution. See FDC’s Offender Search page, 

http://www.dc.state.fl.us/AppCommon (last visited August 18, 2021) (Robert Sinclair 

Lee, DC# T15204). Plaintiff has filed a Civil Rights lawsuit pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 

§1983 against the above Defendants. The events alleged in the Complaint occurred on 

or about September 4, 2019 at Santa Rosa Correctional Institution in Milton, Florida.

 Plaintiff initiated this action on or about May 15, 2020. (Doc. 1). Plaintiff raises 

the following claims against the Defendants in his First Amended Complaint (Doc. 6):

i) Defendants McCraine, Dice, Tona, Cattnach, and Richburg1 deprived him of 

his property, which violated his 4th Amendment and 14th Amendment rights 

without due process (Doc. 6 at 13).

ii) Defendant McCraine violated Plaintiff’s due process when she allegedly 

stated “if you had cuffed up this would never happened.” Id. 

iii)Defendants McCraine, Dice, Richburg, Tona, and Cattnach violated is 4th

Amendment rights by “chanting stop resisting and he was already in 

handcuffs.” Id.

1 Plaintiff also names John Doe’s that were never served or represented in this action.

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iv) Defendants McCraine, Dice, Tona, Cattnach, Richburg, Jones, and Boatright 

allegedly did not turn in incident reports timely, which violated Plaintiff’s 

due process. (Id. at 14)

As relief, Plaintiff seeks $150,000 in compensatory damages, $250,000 in 

punitive damages, statutory damages, award for “physical and emotional injuries,” and 

grant Plaintiff such other relief as it may appear Plaintiff is entitled to. (Id. at 16-18.)

MEMORANDUM OF LAW

I. Standard for Summary Judgment

Summary Judgment is proper if the pleadings and sworn statements show that 

there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to 

judgment as a matter of law. Fed. Rules Civil Pro., 56(c); Celotex Corporation v. 

Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986). The party moving for Summary Judgment bears the 

initial burden of demonstrating an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving 

party’s case. Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322-23. Upon meeting this burden, the burden shifts 

to the nonmoving party to present evidentiary material demonstrating that a genuine 

issue of material fact exists. Id.

Applicable substantive law identifies those facts that are “material.” Anderson 

v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986). Factual issues must have a real basis 

in the record to be considered genuine and the nonmoving party must show more than 

a “metaphysical doubt” regarding the material facts. Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. 

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v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586-87 (1986). The evidence and reasonable 

inferences drawn from the evidence are viewed in the light most favorable to the 

nonmoving party. Watkins v. Ford Motor Co., 190 F.3d 1213, 1216 (11th Cir. 1999).

Although all reasonable inferences are made in favor of the nonmoving party, a 

court need not permit a case to go to a jury when the inferences drawn from the 

evidence and upon which the nonmoving party relies are ‘implausible.’ Cuesta v. 

School Bd. of Miami-Dade County, 285 F.3d 962, 970 (11th Cir. 2002) (citations 

omitted). A mere “scintilla” of evidence in support of the nonmoving party’s position 

is not sufficient; there must be evidence upon which a jury could reasonably find for 

the nonmoving party. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 252. See also Matsushita, 475 U.S. at 587 

(there is no genuine issue for trial if record taken as a whole would not lead a rational 

trier of fact to find in favor of non-moving party). In other words, Summary Judgment 

is warranted against a nonmoving party who “fails to make a showing sufficient to 

establish the existence of an element essential to that party’s case, and on which that 

party will bear the burden of proof at trial.” Celotex, 477 U.S. at 322.

To create an issue of fact for trial sufficient to defeat a well-supported Summary 

Judgment motion, the non-movant’s evidentiary material must consist of more than 

conclusory, uncorroborated allegations from an affidavit. West v. Higgins, 346 F. 

App’x 423, 425 (11th Cir. 2009) (per curiam) (unreported op.) (citing Earley v. 

Champion Int’l Corp., 907 F.2d 1077, 1081 (11th Cir. 1990)). For the factual issues to 

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be genuine, they must have a real basis in the record, cannot be based merely on 

“information and belief” or unsupported factual allegations. Earley, 907 F.2d at 1081. 

Further, if “two parties tell different stories [where one] is blatantly contradicted by 

the record, so that no reasonable jury could believe it, a court should not adopt that 

version of the facts for purposes of ruling on a motion for summary judgment.” Scott 

v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380 (2007). If a fact cannot be presented in a form that would 

be admissible in evidence, it cannot be used for purposes of Summary Judgment. 

Macuba v. Deboer, 193 F.3d 1316, 1322 (11th Cir. 1999). See also Rule 56(c), Fed. R. 

Civ. P.

In McMillian v. Johnson, 88 F.3d 1573, 1584 (11th Cir. 1996), the Eleventh 

Circuit clarified its earlier rulings on this point by indicating that their cases applying 

Celotex read Celotex “as simply allowing otherwise admissible evidence to be 

submitted in inadmissible form at the summary judgment stage, though at trial it must 

be submitted in admissible form.” The Court continues to apply this principle. See

McCaskill v. Ray, 279 Fed.Appx. 913, 914 (11th Cir. 2008). However, the court was 

clear that “potential impeachment evidence [although admissible] . . . may not be used 

to create a genuine issue of material fact for trial” that would defeat a Motion for 

Summary Judgment. McMillian, 88 F.3d at 1584.

II. Plaintiff fails to state a claim against Defendants regarding being placed on 

property restriction.

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Plaintiff claims that placement on property restriction, allegedly without an 

explanation, violated his 4th Amendment right to be free from “unreasonable search 

and seizure” and his 14th Amendment right “life, liberty and property” without due 

process of law. (Doc. 6 at 13, ¶2) Plaintiff claims that Tona and McCraine violated 

these rights by “not justifying a valid reason to place him on property restriction.” Id. 

at ¶7.

To determine if there was any due process violation, the court must “first ask 

whether there exists a liberty or property interest of which a person has been deprived, 

and if so . . . ask[s] whether the procedures followed by the State were constitutionally 

sufficient.” Swarthout v. Cooke, __ U.S. __, 131 S. Ct. 859, 861 (2011) (citing Ky. 

Dep’t. of Corr. v. Thompson, 490 U.S. 454, 460, 109 S. Ct. 1904, 1908 (1989)). Thus, 

to state a claim for a due process violation, the plaintiff must show a liberty interest 

giving rise to the protection of the Due Process Clause. See Sandin v.Conner, 515 U.S. 

472, 115 S. Ct. 2293 (1995). 

There is already case law that holds the Fourth Amendment is inapplicable to 

searches conducted in prison. See, e.g., Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517, 536, 104 S. 

Ct. 3194 (1984) (holding that the Fourth Amendment has no applicability to a prison 

cell and, even if personal property was intentionally destroyed during a shakedown 

search, the destruction of personal property does not violate the Fourteenth 

Amendment if the state has provided an adequate post-deprivation remedy). 

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If there were a claim to be brought by a prisoner concerning a “seizure” for 

Fourth Amendment purposes, the standard for qualified immunity would logically 

have to be lower than “arguable probable cause” when examining seizures initiated in 

a prison context. See Howard, 538 F.App’x at 888 n.2 (recognizing the possibility that 

the standard for qualified immunity a malicious prosecution claim under § 1983 would 

be lower than “arguable probable cause” in the prison context). This is necessarily so 

considering the significant differences between correctional officers and police officers 

in the execution of their duties. Cf. Wolff v. McDonnell, 418 U.S. at 560 (“[i]t is 

immediately apparent that one cannot automatically apply procedural rules designed 

for free citizens in an open society, or for parolees or probationers under only limited 

restraints, to the very different situation presented by a disciplinary proceeding in a 

state prison”); Superintendent v. Hill, 472 U.S. at 454-55 (“disciplinary proceedings 

take place in a closed, tightly controlled environment peopled by those who have 

chosen to violate the criminal law and who have been lawfully incarcerated for doing 

so.”) (internal quotes omitted).

Furthermore, Plaintiff provided no other facts other than his placement on 

property restriction, “without justifying a valid reason,” violated his rights. (Doc. 6, 

generally.) Without more than these conclusory allegations, Plaintiff has not suffered 

the type of atypical, significant hardship required to demonstrate deprivation of a 

liberty interest. See Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472, 486, 115 S.Ct. 2293 (1995).

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II. Plaintiff cannot prove a constitutional violation by Defendants as to claims

regarding statements made by Defendants

Plaintiff claims Defendant McCraine violated his due process when she stated 

“if you had cuffed up this would have never happened.” (Doc. 6 at 13) Plaintiff further 

alleges that Defendants McCraine, Dice, Richburg, Tona, and Cattnach violated his 4th

Amendment rights by “chanting stop resisting and he was already in handcuffs.” Id.

Derogatory, demeaning, profane, threatening, or abusive comments made by an 

officer to an inmate, no matter how repugnant or unprofessional, do not rise to the level 

of a constitutional violation. Edwards v. Gilbert, 867 F.2d 1271, 1274 n.1 (11th Cir. 

1989); see also McBride v. Deer, 240 F.3d 1287, 1291 n.3 (10th Cir. 2001) (“[A]cts . 

. . resulting in an inmate being subjected to nothing more than threats and verbal taunts 

do not violate the Eighth Amendment.”). Clearly, the Plaintiff has failed to show a 

liberty interest giving rise to the protection of the Due Process Clause. See Sandin 

v.Conner, 515 U.S. 472, 115 S. Ct. 2293 (1995). 

V. Plaintiff cannot prove a constitutional violation by Defendants as to claims 

regarding allegedly untimely incident reports

Plaintiff alleges Defendants McCraine, Dice, Tona, Catthanch, Richburg, Jones, 

and Boatright did not turn in incident reports timely, which violated his due process of 

law. However, Plaintiff offers nothing more than this conclusory allegation. See 

Papasan v. Allain, 478 U.S. 265, 286 (1986) (noting courts “are not bound to accept as 

Case 3:20-cv-05462-MCR-HTC Document 52 Filed 08/19/21 Page 8 of 18
true a legal conclusion couched as a factual allegation”); see also Cunningham v. 

School Board of Lake County, 2016 WL 1755612, at *6 (M.D. Fla. May 3, 2016) 

(“[w]hile this allegation is a virtual parroting of the legal standard, it provides no 

factual basis from which the Court can plausibly infer that the standard ... has been 

met”).

Furthermore, noncompliance with prison regulations by prison officials is not, 

in itself, sufficient to give rise to a § 1983 claim upon which relief may be granted. See

Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472, 481–82 (1995) (noting that many prison regulations 

“are primarily designed to guide correctional officers in the administration of a prison” 

and that “such regulations are not designed to confer rights on inmates”); Mathews v. 

Moss, 506 F. App'x 981, 984 (11th Cir.2013) (district court properly dismissed 

prisoner's claim concerning prison officials' alleged failure to follow prison procedures 

with respect to grievances); Taylor v. White, CV 11–0377–CG–N, 2012 WL 404588, 

at *5 (S.D.Ala. Jan. 10, 2012) (“A claim based on a prison official's failure to follow 

prison regulations or state regulations, without more, simply does not state a claim for 

deprivation of a constitutional right.”), adopted by 2012 WL 403849 (S.D.Ala. Feb. 7, 

2012); Jones v. Schofield, 1:08–CV–7 WLS, 2009 WL 902154, at *3 (M.D.Ga. Mar. 

30, 2009)(“Prison regulations and Standard Operating Procedures do not confer federal 

rights to prisoners that may be enforced or redressed in a § 1983 action.”). Webb v. 

Brown, No. CV 115-032, 2015 WL 2219552, at *4 (S.D. Ga. May 11, 2015).

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Plaintiff’s contention that the incident reports is absent any factual allegations 

supporting somehow impacted a liberty interest. Plaintiff has failed to state a 

constitutional claim against Defendants.

IV. Defendants are Entitled to Qualified Immunity

Defendants are entitled to Qualified Immunity on the above claims as

Defendants did not act unreasonably towards Plaintiff and did not violate any of 

Plaintiff’s constitutional rights. 

Qualified immunity offers complete protection for government officials sued in 

their individual capacities if their conduct “does not violate clearly established 

statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known.” 

White v. Pauly, 137 S. Ct. 548, 551 (2017) (quoting Mullenix v. Luna, 136 S. Ct. 305, 

307 (2015)). For a constitutional violation to exist, “existing precedent must have 

placed the statutory or constitutional question beyond debate.” Id. As stated another 

way by the Supreme Court, “immunity protects ‘all but the plainly incompetent or 

those who knowingly violate the law.’” Id.

To fall under Qualified Immunity protection, a defendant must first establish 

that he was acting within his discretionary authority, and if the defendant does so 

successfully, “the burden then shifts to the plaintiff to show that qualified immunity is 

not appropriate.” Pearson v. Callahan, 555 U.S. 223 (2009). When evaluating a claim 

Case 3:20-cv-05462-MCR-HTC Document 52 Filed 08/19/21 Page 10 of 18
for Qualified Immunity, a court must determine (1) whether the facts alleged, viewed 

in the light most favorable to the plaintiff, show that the officer's conduct violated a 

constitutional right, and (2) whether, under the facts alleged, there was a violation of 

“clearly established law.” Id. Courts are not required to address the two prongs of this 

test in any order. Id. To determine whether the officers’ conduct was “reasonable” 

under the circumstances, “the question is whether the officer’s actions are ‘objectively 

reasonable’ in light of the facts and circumstances confronting him, without regard to 

the underlying intent or motivation . . . It must be judged from the perspective of a 

reasonable officer on the scene, rather than with the 20/20 vision of hindsight.” 

Kesinger v. Herrington, 381 F.3d 1243, 1248 (11th Cir. 2004) (citations omitted).

Here, Defendants are entitled to Qualified Immunity, because they were acting 

pursuant to their authority as correctional officers, and their conduct was reasonable 

under the circumstances. Defendants did not violate Plaintiff’s rights through their 

conduct. Clearly, Defendants’ actions do not demonstrate that there was a violation of 

a constitutional right or of “clearly established law.” See Pearson, 555 U.S. 223.

The Defendants had an obligation to maintain care, custody, and control of 

Plaintiff. Based on Plaintiff’s refusal to obey lawful orders, their actions were 

reasonable under the circumstances.

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CONCLUSION

 WHEREFORE, for the foregoing reasons, Defendants respectfully 

move for the entry of Summary Judgment on the above claims in their favor in this 

cause. 

Respectfully submitted,

ASHLEY MOODY 

ATTORNEY GENERAL

/s/ Lindsey L. Miller-Hailey

Lindsey L. Miller-Hailey

Assistant Attorney General

Florida Bar No. 121410

Office of the Attorney General

The Capitol, PL-01

Tallahassee,Florida 32399-1050

Telephone: (850) 414-3300

Facsimile: (850) 488-4872

lindsey.millerhailey@myfloridalegal.com

CERTIFICATE OF WORD COUNT

I hereby certify that,in accordance with Northern District of Florida local rule 

7.1(F), the total word count for this motion and memorandum is less than 3,000

words.

/s/Lindsey L. Miller-Hailey

Lindsey L. Miller-Hailey

Case 3:20-cv-05462-MCR-HTC Document 52 Filed 08/19/21 Page 12 of 18
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I HEREBY CERTIFY that a true copy of the foregoing has been e-filed 

electronically through CM/ECF, and furnished U.S. Mail to: Robert Sinclair Lee DC# 

TI5204, Santa Rosa Correctional Institution, 5850 East Milton Rd., Milton, FL 32583, 

on August 19, 2021. 

/s/Lindsey L. Miller-Hailey

Lindsey L. Miller-Hailey

Case 3:20-cv-05462-MCR-HTC Document 52 Filed 08/19/21 Page 13 of 18
33

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE 

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA 

PENSACOLA DIVISION

JOHNNIE EDWARD JOHNSON 

DC# P31311, 

Plaintiff, 

v. CASE NO. 3:19-cv-516-LC-EMT

KOSANOVICH, et al., 

Defendants. 

________________________________/

INDEX TO APPENDIX

Exhibit A Declaration of Grant Kosanovich with

Att. 1: DR documents for disobeying order, log no. 135-171340.

Att. 2: DR documents for spoken threat, log number 135-171331.

Att. 3: DR documents for battery or attempted on corrections officer, log 

number 135-171332.

Exhibit B Declaration of Eldridge Pogue

Exhibit C Fixed Wing Video for Use of Force case no. 17-14129 (to be filed 

under seal).

Exhibit D Handheld Video for Use of Force case no. 17-14129 (to be filed under 

seal).

Exhibit E Medical Records related to use of force incident on August 9, 2017.

Exhibit F Use of Force Report for case no. 17-14129

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