T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3.

T he pa ne l una ni m ous l yc onc l ude s thi s c a s e i s s ui t abl e f orde c i s i on ** w ith o u t o r a l a r g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2).

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# FI LED JU L 15 2010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

A ndr e s H e rna nde z - V a r ga s appe a l s hi s c onvi c t i on f orpos s e s s i on of m e tha m phe t a m i ne w i th i nt e ntt o di s tr i but e , i n vi ol a t i on of 21 U . S . C . § 841( a ) ( 1) an d8 4 1 (b )( 1 )( A ). W e a ff irm th e d istrict co u rt’s d en ial o f H ern an d ez -V ar g as ’s m o t i o n t o sup p ress. 1 . A t th e tim e o f

th e s e iz u r e , th e o f

f ic e r s h a dr e c e iv e datip f r o m ar e liab le c o n f id e n tia l in f

o rm a n t a n dh a dc o rr o b o r a te dth a t tip ; th is c o n s titu te s p r o b ab le c au s e . U ni te d States v . T

r e j o- Zam br ano , 5 8 2 F .2 d4 6 0 , 4 6 3 ( 9 th C ir . 1 9 7 8 ) . 2. T he of

f i c e r s di d note xc e e d the s c ope of the s e a r c h pe rm i s s i bl e , be c aus e the o f f ic e r s c o u lds e a r c h th e v e h ic le “a s th o r o u g h [ ly ] a s am a g is tr a te c o u ldau th o r iz e in a w arrantpart i cul ar l y des cr i bi ng the pl ac e t o b e s earc hed. ” U n i ted S ta tes v. R o ss , 45 6 U . S . 79 8, 80 0 (19 82 ) ( i nt ernal qu ot at i on m arks om i tt ed). 3. H ernand ez -V ar gas’ s c om m ent s m ade t o O ff i ce r W heel erar e a dm i ss i bl e, b e c au s e th e yw e r e v o lu n ta r ilym a d e d u r in g ar o u tin e tr a f f ic s to p . B erke m erv. Mc Ca r ty , 4 6 8 U .S . 4 2 0 , 4 3 8

– 4 1 ( 1 9 8 4 ) . A s s u m in g w ith o u t d e c id in g th a t H e rn a n d e z - V a r g a s ’s s u b s e q u e n t c o m m e n ts t o O ff i ce r B urns and A gentG ri m m w er e t aken i n v i ol at i on of hi s r i gh t s und er Mi r anda v . A r i

z ona , 384 U . S . 436 ( 1966) , w e f i nd s uc h e rr or“ ha rm l e s s be y ond a re as on abl e dou bt . ” Ch a p m a n v . Ca lifo rn ia , 3 8 6 U .S . 1 8 , 2 4 ( 1 9 6 7 ) ; s e e, e . g. ,3

U ni ted States v. B ut ler , 24 9 F . 3d 10 94 , 11 01 (9th C i r. 20 01 ) ( ho l di ng i m prop er a d m is s io n o f

c o m m e n ts h a rm le s s b e c au s e o f o v e rw h e lm in g e v id e n c e o f g u ilt.) AF F I RME D.