Exhibit 3.2


                                     BY-LAWS

                                       OF

                                UNUM CORPORATION
                     (hereinafter called the "Corporation")


                                    ARTICLE I

                                     OFFICES

   SECTION 1. Registered Office. The registered office of the Corporation shall
be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware.

   SECTION 2. Other Offices. The Corporation may also have offices at such other
places both within and without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors
may from time to time determine.


                                   ARTICLE II

                            MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

   SECTION 1. Place of Meetings. Meetings of the stockholders for the election
of directors or for any other purpose shall be held at such time and place,
either within or without the State of Delaware as shall be designated from time
to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting or in
a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.

   SECTION 2. Annual Meetings. The Annual Meetings of Stockholders shall be held
on such date and at such time as shall be designated from time to time by the
Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meetings, at which meetings
the stockholders shall elect by a plurality vote the directors to be elected at
such meetings, and transact such other business as may properly be brought
before the meetings. Written notice of the Annual Meeting stating the place,
date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote
at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of
the meeting.

   SECTION 3. Special Meetings. Unless otherwise prescribed by law or by the
Certificate of Incorporation, Special Meetings of Stockholders, for any purpose
or purposes, may be called by either (i) the Chairman, if there be one, or (ii)
the President, 


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and shall be called by any such officer at the request in writing of a
majority of the Board of Directors. Such request shall state the purpose or
purposes of the proposed meeting. Written notice of a Special Meeting stating
the place, date and hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes for which
the meeting is called shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days
before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such
meeting.

   SECTION 4. Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate
of Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the capital stock issued and
outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by
proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the
transaction of business. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or
represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to
vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to
adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at
the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At such adjourned
meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be
transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally
noticed. If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the
adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of
the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at the
meeting. The foregoing provisions shall be subject to the voting rights of
holders of any Preferred Stock of the Corporation and any quorum requirements
relating thereto.

   SECTION 5. Voting. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of
Incorporation or these By-Laws, any question brought before any meeting of
stockholders shall be decided by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by
the holders of stock represented and entitled to vote thereat and each
stockholder represented at a meeting of stockholders shall be entitled to cast
one vote for each share of the capital stock entitled to vote thereat held by
such stockholder. Such votes may be cast in person or by proxy but no proxy
shall be voted on or after three years from its date, unless such proxy provides
for a longer period. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, or the officer
of the Corporation presiding at a meeting of stockholders, in his discretion,
may require that any votes cast at such meeting shall be cast by written ballot.

   SECTION 6. Proper Business at Annual Meetings. At any annual meeting of the
stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly
brought before such meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting,
business must be specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto)
given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or otherwise properly
brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or
otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder. For business to
be properly brought before an annual meeting by a Stockholder, the stockholder
must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the
Corporation. To be timely, a stockholder's notice must be delivered to, or
mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation, not
less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the annual meeting; provided,
however, that in 


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the event that less than 75 days' notice or prior public disclosure of the
date of such meeting is given or made to stockholders, notice by the stockholder
to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the
15th day following the day on which such notice of the date of the annual
meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made. A stockholder's notice to
the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to
bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired
to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such
business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and record address of the
stockholder proposing such business, (iii) the class and number of shares of the
Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder and (iv) any
material interest of the stockholder in such business. The chairman of an annual
meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that
such business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with
these provisions, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the
meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not
be transacted.

   SECTION 7. List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote. The officer of the
Corporation who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare
and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete
list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in
alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number
of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to
the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting,
during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the
meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held,
which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so
specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be
produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time
thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder of the Corporation who is
present.

   SECTION 8. Stock Ledger. The stock ledger of the Corporation shall be the
only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock
ledger, the list required by Section 7 of this Article II or the books of the
Corporation, or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.


                                   ARTICLE III

                                    DIRECTORS

   SECTION 1. Number and Election of Directors. The number of directors
constituting the Board of Directors shall be fixed from time to time by the
Board of Directors in the manner prescribed in the Certificate of Incorporation.
Except as provided in Section 3 of this Article, the directors to be elected at
each Annual Meeting of Stockholders shall be elected by a plurality of the votes
cast at such Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and each director so elected shall
hold office until the third Annual Meeting 


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following such election and until his successor is duly elected and
qualified, or until his earlier resignation, retirement or removal. No person
elected or re-elected a director shall serve as a director of the Corporation
beyond the day of its annual meeting occurring soonest after such person's
seventy-second birthday anniversary. Any director may resign at any time upon
notice to the Corporation. Directors need not be stockholders.

   SECTION 2. Nomination Procedures. Only persons who are nominated in
accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as
Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the
Corporation may be made at a meeting of stockholders by or at the direction of
the Board of Directors, by any nominating committee or person appointed by the
Board of Directors or by any stockholder of the Corporation entitled to vote for
the election of Directors at the meeting. Such nominations, other than those
made by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, shall be made pursuant to
timely notice in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, a
stockholder's notice shall be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the
principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 60 days nor more
than 90 days prior to the meeting; provided, however, that in the event that
less than 75 days' notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the meeting
is given or made to stockholders, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be
so received not later than the close of business on the 15th day following the
day on which such notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or such public
disclosure was made. Such stockholder's notice shall set forth (a) as to each
person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as
a director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of the
person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of the person, (iii) the
class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by
the person and (iv) any other information relating to the person that is
required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of Directors
pursuant to Rule 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the "Act"), and any other applicable laws or rules or regulations of any
governmental authority or of any national securities exchange or similar body
overseeing any trading market on which shares of the corporation are traded, and
(b) as to the stockholder giving the notice (i) the name and record address of
stockholder and (ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are
beneficially owned by the stockholder. No person shall be eligible for election
as a Director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the
procedures set forth herein. The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts
warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in
accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if he should so determine, he shall
so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.

   SECTION 3. Vacancies. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of
Incorporation, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any
increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority of
the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining
director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual
election and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until
their earlier resignation or removal.


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<PAGE>

   SECTION 4. Duties and Powers. The business of the Corporation shall be
managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which may exercise
all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are
not by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-Laws
directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

   SECTION 5. Meetings. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold
meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the state of
Delaware. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice
at such time and at such place as may from time to time be determined by the
Board of Directors. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by
the Chairman, if there be one, the President, or any three directors. Notice
thereof stating the place, date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each
director either by mail not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the date of
the meeting, by telephone or telegram on twenty-four (24) hours' notice, or on
much shorter notice as the person or person calling such meeting may deem
necessary or appropriate in the circumstances.

   SECTION 6. Quorum. Except as may be otherwise specifically provided by law,
the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, at all meetings of the Board
of Directors, a majority of the entire Board of Directors shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the
directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of
the Board of Directors. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the
Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from
time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a
quorum shall be present.

   SECTION 7. Actions of Board. Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of
Incorporation or these By-Laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken
without a meeting, if all the members of the Board of Directors or committee, as
the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are
filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.

   SECTION 8. Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone. Unless otherwise
provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, members of the
Board of Directors of the Corporation, or any committee designated by the Board
of Directors, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such
committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment
by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other,
and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 8 shall constitute
presence in person at such meeting.

   SECTION 9. Committees. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a
majority of the entire Board of Directors, designate one or more committees,
each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation.
The Board of 


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Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any
committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of
any such committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a
committee, and in the absence of a designation by the Board of Directors of an
alternate member to replace the absent or disqualified member, the member or
members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether
or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of
the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any absent or
disqualified member. Any committee, to the extent allowed by law and provided in
the resolution establishing such committee, shall have and may exercise all the
powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business
and affairs of the Corporation. Each committee shall keep regular minutes and
report to the Board of Directors when required.

   SECTION 10. Compensation. The directors may be paid their expenses, if any,
of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a fixed
sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and/or a stated
retainer as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving
the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for
attending committee meetings.

   SECTION 11. Interested Directors. No contract or transaction between the
Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the
Corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association, or other
organization in which one or more of its directors or officers are directors or
officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for
this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or
participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof which
authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because his or their votes are
counted for such purpose if (i) the material facts as to his or their
relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or
are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors
or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the
affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the
disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or (ii) the material facts as to
his or their relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are
disclosed or are known to the shareholders entitled to vote thereon, and the
contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the
shareholders; or (iii) the contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation
as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified, by the Board of
Directors, a committee thereof or the shareholders. Common or interested
directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of
the Board of Directors or of a committee which authorizes the contract or
transaction.


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<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE IV

                                    OFFICERS


   SECTION 1. General. The officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the
Board of Directors and shall be a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer. The
Board of Directors, in its discretion, may also choose a Chairman of the Board
of Directors (who must be a director) and one or more Vice-Presidents, Assistant
Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers and other officers. Any number of offices may
be held by the same person, unless otherwise prohibited by law, the Certificate
of Incorporation or these By-Laws. The officers of the Corporation need not be
stockholders of the Corporation nor, except in the case of the Chairman of the
Board of Directors, need such officers be directors of the Corporation.

   SECTION 2. Election. The Board of Directors shall elect the officers of the
Corporation who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such
powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the
Board of Directors; and all officers of the Corporation shall hold office until
their successors are chosen and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or
removal. Any officer elected by the Board of Directors may be removed at any
time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors. Any
vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the Board
of Directors.

   SECTION 3. Voting Securities Owned by the Corporation. Powers of attorney,
proxies, waivers of notice of meeting, consents and other instruments relating
to securities owned by the Corporation may be executed in the name of and on
behalf of the Corporation by the President or any Vice- President and any such
officer may, in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation, take all such
action as any such officer may deem advisable to vote in person or by proxy at
any meeting of security holders of any corporation in which the Corporation may
own securities and at any such meeting shall possess and may exercise any and
all rights and power incident to the ownership of such securities and which, as
the owner thereof, the Corporation might have exercised and possessed if
present. The Board of Directors may, by resolution, from time to time confer
like powers upon any other person or persons.

   SECTION 4. Chairman of the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board of
Directors, if there be one, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders
and of the Board of Directors. Except where by law the signature of the
President is required, the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall possess the
same power as the President to sign all contracts, certificates and other
instruments of the Corporation which may be authorized by the Board of
Directors. During the absence or disability of the President, the Chairman of
the Board of Directors shall exercise all the powers and discharge all the
duties of the President. The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall also
perform such 


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other duties and may exercise such other powers as from time to time may be
assigned to him by these By-Laws or by the Board of Directors.

   SECTION 5. President. The President shall, subject to the control of the
Board of Directors and, if there be one, the Chairman of the Board of Directors,
have general supervision of the business of the Corporation and shall see that
all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. He
shall execute all bonds, mortgages, contracts and other instruments of the
Corporation requiring a seal, under the seal of the Corporation, except where
required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except that
the other officers of the Corporation may sign and execute documents when so
authorized by these By-Laws, the Board of Directors or the President. In the
absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or if there be
none, the President shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the
Board of Directors. The President shall also perform such other duties and may
exercise such other powers as from time to time may be assigned to him by these
By-Laws or by the Board of Directors.

   SECTION 6. Vice-Presidents. At the request of the President or in his absence
or in the event of his inability or refusal to act (and if there be no Chairman
of the Board of Directors), the Vice-President or the Vice-Presidents if there
is more than one (in the order designated by the Board of Directors) shall
perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall have all the
powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. Each Vice-
President shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the
Board of Directors from time to time may prescribe. If there be no Chairman of
the Board of Directors and no Vice-President, the Board of Directors shall
designate the officer of the Corporation who, in the absence of the President or
in the event of the inability or refusal of the President to act, shall perform
the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of
and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President.

   SECTION 7. Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of
Directors and all meetings of stockholders and record all the proceedings
thereat in a book or books to be kept for that purpose; the Secretary shall also
perform like duties for the standing committees when required. The Secretary
shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and
special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties
as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or President, under whose
supervision he shall be. If the Secretary shall be unable or shall refuse to
cause to be given notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special
meetings of the Board of Directors, and if there be no Assistant Secretary, then
either the Board of Directors or the President may choose another officer to
cause such notice to be given. The Secretary shall have custody of the seal of
the Corporation and the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, if there be one,
shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when
so affixed, it may be attested by the signature of the Secretary or by the
signature of any such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give
general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and
to 


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attest the affixing by his signature. The Secretary shall see that all books,
reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by
law to be kept or filed are properly kept or filed, as the case may be.

   SECTION 8. Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate
funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and
disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys
and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in
such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer
shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of
Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to
the President and the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings, or when the
Board of Directors so requires, an account of all his transactions as Treasurer
and of the financial condition of the Corporation. If required by the Board of
Directors, the Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with
such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for
the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to
the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from
office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever
kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation.

   SECTION 9. Assistant Secretaries. Except as may be otherwise provided in
these By-Laws, Assistant Secretaries, if there be any, shall perform such duties
and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board
of Directors, the President, any Vice-President, if there be one, or the
Secretary, and in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his disability
or refusal to act, shall perform the duties of the Secretary, and when so
acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon
the Secretary.

   SECTION 10. Assistant Treasurers. Assistant Treasurers, if there be any,
shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be
assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the President, any Vice-President,
if there be one, or the Treasurer, and in the absence of the Treasurer or in the
event of his disability or refusal to act, shall perform the duties of the
Treasurer, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to
all the restrictions upon the Treasurer. If required by the Board of Directors,
an Assistant Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with
such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for
the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to
the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from
office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever
kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation.

   SECTION 11. Other Officers. Such other officers as the Board of Directors may
choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may
be assigned to them by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may
delegate to any 


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other officer of the Corporation the power to choose such other officers and
to prescribe their respective duties and powers.

                                    ARTICLE V

                                      STOCK

   SECTION 1. Form of Certificates. Every holder of stock in the Corporation
shall be entitled to have a certificate signed, in the name of the Corporation
(i) by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President or a Vice-President
and (ii) by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by
him in the Corporation.

   SECTION 2. Signatures. Where a certificate is countersigned by (i) a transfer
agent other than the Corporation or its employee, or (ii) a registrar other than
the Corporation or its employee, any other signature on the certificate may be a
facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or
whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased
to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is
issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were
such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

   SECTION 3. Lost Certificates. The Board of Directors may direct a new
certificate to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the
Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of
an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be
lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate, the
Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the
issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed
certificate, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner
as the Board of Directors shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond in
such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made
against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been
lost, stolen or destroyed.

   SECTION 4. Transfers. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the
manner prescribed by law and in these By-Laws. Transfers of stock shall be made
on the books of the Corporation only by the person named in the certificate or
by his attorney lawfully constituted in writing and upon the surrender of the
certificate therefor, which shall be cancelled before a new certificate shall be
issued.

   SECTION 5. Record Date. In order that the Corporation may determine the
stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or
any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other
distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in
respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of
any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record
date, which shall not be more than sixty days nor less than ten days before the
date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to 


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<PAGE>

any other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to
notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment
of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new
record date for the adjourned meeting.

   SECTION 6. Beneficial Owners. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize
the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares
to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls
and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and
shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in
such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall
have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law.

   SECTION 7. Restrictions on Transfer. The Board of Directors may impose
restrictions on transfer of securities of the Corporation pursuant to the Rights
Agreement dated as of March 13, 1992 by and between the Corporation and First
Chicago Trust Company of New York, as and to the extent required by such Rights
Agreement, as amended from time to time.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                                     NOTICES

   SECTION 1. Notices. Whenever written notice is required by law, the
Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, to be given to any director,
member of a committee or stockholder, such notice may be given by mail,
addressed to such director, member of a committee or stockholder, at his address
as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid,
and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be
deposited in the United States mail. Written notice may also be given personally
or by telegram, telex or cable.

   SECTION 2. Waivers of Notice. Whenever any notice is required by law, the
Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, to be given to any director,
member of a committee or stockholder, a waiver thereof in writing, signed, by
the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time
stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.


                                   ARTICLE VII

                               GENERAL PROVISIONS

   SECTION 1. Dividends. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation,
subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be
declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, and may be
paid in cash, in 


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property, or in shares of the capital stock. Before payment of any dividend,
there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for
dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its
absolute discretion, deems proper as a reserve or reserves to meet
contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any
property of the Corporation, or for any proper purpose, and the Board of
Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.

   SECTION 2. Disbursements. All checks or demands for money and notes of the
Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or
persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.

   SECTION 3. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by
resolution of the Board of Directors.

   SECTION 4. Corporate Seal. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon
the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words
"Corporate Seal, Delaware". The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile
thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.


                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                 INDEMNIFICATION

   SECTION 1. Indemnification in Actions, Suits, or Proceedings Other Than Those
by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 3 of this Article
VIII, the Corporation shall indemnify each person who is or was, or is
threatened to be made, a party to or witness in any threatened, pending or
completed action, suit, proceeding or claim, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative (other than one by or in the right of the
Corporation), by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer or
employee of the Corporation or of Union Mutual Life Insurance Company, a Maine
mutual insurance company (the "Mutual Company"), or is or was serving at the
request of the Corporation or the Mutual Company as a director, officer,
employee or trustee of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including
attorney's fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, and amounts paid in
settlement, incurred by him in connection with defending, investigating,
preparing to defend, or being or preparing to be a witness in, such action,
suit, proceeding or claim, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no
reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.

   SECTION 2. Indemnification in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the
Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 3 of this Article VIII, the
Corporation shall indemnify each person who is or was, or is threatened to be
made, a party to or witness in 


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<PAGE>

any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or claim by or
in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of
the fact that he is or was a director, officer or employee of the Corporation or
of the Mutual Company or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation or
the Mutual Company as a director, officer, employee or trustee of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other
enterprise, against expenses (including attorney's fees and expenses), and, if
and to the extent permitted by applicable law, judgments, penalties and amounts
paid in settlement, incurred by him in connection with defending, investigating,
preparing to defend, or being or preparing to be a witness in, such action,
suit, proceeding or claim, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation; provided, however, that no indemnification shall be made in respect
of any such claim or any issue or matter in any such action, suit or proceeding
as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation
unless (and only to the extent that) the Court of Chancery or the court in which
such claim, action, suit or proceeding was brought shall determine upon
application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the
circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to
indemnification for such expenses and amounts which the Court of Chancery or
such other court shall deem proper.

   SECTION 3. Authorization of Indemnification. (a) Any indemnification under
this Article VIII (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Corporation
only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that
indemnification of the person seeking indemnification is proper in the
circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in
Section 1 or 2 of this Article VIII, as the case may be. Such determination (and
determinations under Sections 5 and 6 of this Article VIII) shall be made (i) by
the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors
who were not parties to the action, suit, proceeding or claim with respect to
which indemnification is sought ("disinterested directors"), or (ii) if such a
quorum is not obtainable, or if a quorum of disinterested directors so directs,
in a written opinion of independent legal counsel chosen by the Board of
Directors, or (iii) by the stockholders; provided, however, that if a Change in
Control (as defined in this Section 3) has occurred and the person seeking
indemnification so requests, such determination (and determination under
Sections 5 and 6 of this Article VIII) shall be made in a written opinion
rendered by independent legal counsel chosen by the person seeking
indemnification and not reasonably objected to by the Board of Directors (whose
fees and expenses shall be paid by the Corporation). To the extent, however,
that a director, officer, employee or trustee or former director, officer,
employee or trustee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of
any action, suit, proceeding or claim described above, or in defense of any
claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against expenses
(including attorney's fees and expenses) incurred by him in connection
therewith, without the necessity of authorization in the specific case.

   (b) For purposes of the proviso to the second sentence of Section 3(a),
"independent legal counsel" shall mean legal counsel other than an attorney, or
a firm having associated 


                                       13
<PAGE>

with it an attorney, who has been retained by or who has performed services
for the Corporation, the Mutual Company or the person seeking indemnification
within the previous three years.

   (c) A "Change in Control" shall mean a change in control of the Corporation
of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 5(f) of
Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Act, whether or not the
Corporation is then subject to such reporting requirement; provided that,
without limitation, such a change in control shall be deemed to have occurred if
(i) any "person" (as such term is used in sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Act)
is or becomes the "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Act),
directly or indirectly, of securities of the Corporation representing 35% or
more of the combined voting power of the Corporation's then outstanding
securities without the prior approval of at least two-thirds of the members of
the Board of Directors in office immediately prior to such acquisition, or (ii)
the Corporation is a party to a merger, consolidation, sale of assets or other
reorganization, or proxy contest, as a consequence of which members of the Board
of Directors in office immediately prior to such transaction or event constitute
less than a majority of the Board of Directors thereafter, or (iii) during any
period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning of such period
constituted the Board of Directors (including for this purpose any new director
whose election or nomination for election by the Corporation's stockholders was
approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office
who were directors at the beginning of the period) cease for any reason to
constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors.

   SECTION 4. Good Faith Defined, Etc. (a) For purposes of any determination
under Section 3 of this Article VIII, a person shall be deemed to have acted in
good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the
best interests of the Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or
proceeding, to have had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful,
if such person relied on the records or books of account of the Corporation, the
Mutual Company or another enterprise, or on information supplied to him by the
officers of the Corporation, the Mutual Company or another enterprise, or on
information or records given or reports made to the Corporation, the Mutual
Company or another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or
by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the
Corporation, the Mutual Company or another enterprise. The term "another
enterprise" as used in this Section 4(a) shall mean any other corporation or any
partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of
which such person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation or the
Mutual Company as a director, officer, employee or trustee.

   (b) The termination of any action, suit, proceeding or claim by judgment,
order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its
equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not
act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the 


                                       14
<PAGE>

Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, that he
had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

   (c) References in this Article VIII to "penalties" include any excise taxes
assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; references in
this Article VIII to "serving at the request of the Corporation or the Mutual
Company" include any service as a director, officer or employee or former
director, officer or employee of the Corporation or the Mutual Company which
imposes duties on, or involves services by, such person with respect to an
employee benefit plan or its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who
acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the participants or beneficiaries of such an
employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a
manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of
the Corporation.

   (d) The provisions of this Section 4 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or
to limit in any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have
met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 1 or 2 of this
Article VIII, as the case may be.

   SECTION 5. Right to Indemnification Upon Application; Procedure Upon
Application; Etc. Except as otherwise provided in the proviso to Section 2 of
this Article VIII:

   (a) any indemnification under Section 1 or 2 of this Article VIII shall be
made no later than 45 days after receipt by the Corporation of the written
request of the director, officer, employee or trustee or former director,
officer, employee or trustee unless a determination is made within said 45-day
period in accordance with Section 3 of this Article VIII that such person has
not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 1 or 2 of this
Article VIII.

   (b) The right to indemnification under Section 1 or 2 of this Article VIII or
advances under Section 6 of this Article VIII shall be enforceable by the
director, officer, employee or trustee or former director, officer, employee or
trustee in any court of competent jurisdiction. Following a Change in Control,
the burden of proving that indemnification is not appropriate shall be on the
Corporation. Neither the absence of any prior determination that indemnification
is proper in the circumstances, nor a prior determination that indemnification
is not proper in the circumstances, shall be a defense to the action or create a
presumption that the director, officer, employee or trustee or former director,
officer, employee or trustee has not met the applicable standard of conduct. The
expenses (including attorney's fees and expenses) incurred by the director,
officer, employee or trustee or former director, officer, employee or trustee in
connection with successfully establishing his right to indemnification, in whole
or in part, in any such action (or in any action or claim brought by him to
recover under any insurance policy or policies referred to in Section 9 of this
Article VIII) shall also be indemnified by the Corporation.


                                       15
<PAGE>

   (c) If any person is entitled under any provision of this Article VIII to
indemnification by the Corporation for some or a portion of expenses, judgments,
fines, penalties or amounts paid in settlement incurred by him, but not,
however, for the total amount thereof, the Corporation shall nevertheless
indemnify such person for the portion of such expenses, judgments, fines,
penalties and amounts to which he is entitled.

   SECTION 6. Expenses Payable in Advance. Expenses (including attorney's fees
and expenses) incurred by a director, officer, employee or trustee or a former
director, officer, employee or trustee in defending, investigating, preparing to
defend, or being or preparing to be a witness in, a threatened or pending
action, suit, proceeding or claim against him, whether civil or criminal, may be
paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action,
suit, proceeding or claim upon receipt by the Corporation of a written request
therefor and a written undertaking by or on behalf of the director, officer,
employee or trustee or former director, officer, employee or trustee to repay
such amounts if it shall be determined in accordance with Section 3 of this
Article VIII that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation;
provided, however, that if he seeks to enforce his rights in a court of
competent jurisdiction pursuant to Section 5(b) of this Article VIII, said
undertaking to repay shall not be applicable or enforceable unless and until
there is a final court determination that he is not entitled to indemnification
as to which all rights of approval have been exhausted or have expired.

   SECTION 7. Certain Persons Not Entitled to Indemnification. Notwithstanding
any other provision of this Article VIII, no person shall be entitled to
indemnification under this Article VIII or to advances under Section 6 of this
Article VIII with respect to any action, suit, proceeding or claim brought or
made by him against the Corporation or the Mutual Company, other than an action,
suit, proceeding or claim seeking, or defending such person's right to,
indemnification and/or expense advances pursuant to this Article VIII or
otherwise.

   SECTION 8. Non-Exclusivity and Survival of Indemnification. The provisions of
this Article VIII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the
person seeking indemnification or expense advances may be entitled under any
agreement, contract, or vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or
pursuant to the direction (howsoever embodied) of any court of competent
jurisdiction, or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to
action in another capacity while holding such office. Except as otherwise
provided in Section 7 of this Article VIII, but notwithstanding any other
provision of this Article VIII, it is the policy of the Corporation that
indemnification of and expense advances to the persons specified in Sections 1
and 2 of this Article VIII shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law,
and, accordingly, in the event of any change in law, by legislation or
otherwise, permitting greater indemnification of and/or expense advances to any
such person, the provisions of this Article VIII shall be construed so as to
require such greater indemnification and/or expense advances. The provisions of
this Article VIII shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any
person who is not specified in Section 1 or 


                                       16
<PAGE>

2 of this Article VIII but whom the Corporation has the power to indemnify
under the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or
otherwise. The provisions of this Article VIII shall continue as to a person who
has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or trustee and shall inure to the
benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person.

   SECTION 9. Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain at its
expense insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer or
employee of the Corporation or the Mutual Company or is or was serving at the
request of the Corporation or the Mutual Company as a director, officer,
employee or trustee of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability or expense
asserted against or incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his
status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power or the
obligation to indemnify him against such liability or expense under the
provisions of this Article VIII or the provisions of Section 145 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The Company shall not be obligated
under this Article VIII to make any payment in connection with any claim made
against any person if and to the extent that such person has actually received
payment therefor under any insurance policy or policies.

   SECTION 10. Successors; Meaning of "Corporation". This Article VIII shall be
binding upon and enforceable against any direct or indirect successor by
purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the
business and/or assets of the Corporation. For purposes of this Article VIII,
but subject to the provisions of any agreement relating to any merger or
consolidation of the kind referred to in clause (i) below or of any agreement
relating to the acquisition of any corporation of the kind referred to in clause
(ii) below, references to "the Corporation" shall include (i) any constituent
corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a
consolidation or merger with the Corporation which, if its separate existence
had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors,
officers and employees, so that any person who is or was a director, officer or
employee of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of
such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or trustee of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or
other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this
Article VIII with respect to the Corporation as he would have with respect to
such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued; and (ii)
any corporation of which at least a majority of the voting power (as represented
by its outstanding stock having voting power generally in the election of
directors) is owned directly or indirectly by the Corporation.

   SECTION 11. Severability. The provisions of this Article VIII shall be
severable in the event that any provision hereof (including any provision within
a single section, subsection, clause, paragraph or sentence) is held invalid,
void or otherwise unenforceable on any ground by any court of competent
jurisdiction. In the event of any 


                                       17
<PAGE>

such holding, the remaining provisions of this Article VIII shall continue in
effect and be enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

                                   ARTICLE IX

                                   AMENDMENTS


   SECTION 1. Power to Amend. The Board of Directors shall have concurrent power
with the stockholders as set forth in the By-Laws and the Certificate of
Incorporation to make, alter, amend, change, add to or repeal the By-Laws.

   SECTION 2. Required Vote. The Board of Directors may amend the By-Laws upon
the affirmative vote of the number of directors which shall constitute, under
the terms of the By-Laws, the action of the Board of Directors. Stockholders may
not amend the By-Laws except upon the affirmative vote of at least eighty
percent (80%) of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of all outstanding
shares of Voting Stock (as such term is defined in the Certificate of
Incorporation) voting together as a single class.


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