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STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

Donald Moore,

Defendant Below, Petitioner

vs.) No. 19-0680 (Monongalia County 18-C-132) 

Chip Franklin Buzzo and

Vanda Dawn Buzzo,

Plaintiffs Below, Respondents

MEMORANDUM DECISION

Petitioner Donald Moore, by counsel Stephanie Nethken, appeals the Circuit Court of 

Monongalia County’s June 25, 2019, final order denying his “motion to reconsider” the court’s 

grant of summary judgment in respondents’ favor. Respondents Chip Franklin Buzzo and Vanda

Dawn Buzzo, by counsel Edmund J. Rollo, filed a response. 

This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal 

arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided 

by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record 

presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these 

reasons, a memorandum decision affirming the circuit court’s order is appropriate under Rule 21 

of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

On November 17, 2017, respondents leased from petitioner certain real property for a 

term of ninety-nine years. The lease payment for the entire term was $50,000, which respondents 

paid in full at the time the lease was executed. Following execution of that lease agreement, 

petitioner agreed to sell the property to respondents. Respondents claimed that petitioner agreed 

to sell the property for an additional $1,500, and they remitted that amount to him. Petitioner 

negotiated the check, but he did not convey the property to respondents. 

Respondents filed suit seeking specific performance and other damages. Petitioner, who 

was incarcerated when respondents filed suit, was appointed a guardian ad litem (“GAL”). While 

FILED

September 4, 2020

EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

OF WEST VIRGINIA
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the GAL was involved in the case, petitioner’s answer to respondents’ complaint was not timely 

filed. After petitioner was released from incarceration, he retained his current counsel.1

In October of 2018, respondents filed discovery requests, including requests for 

admission. Petitioner did not file responses to these requests; accordingly, respondents moved to 

compel responses to these requests on December 7, 2018, and the circuit court heard argument 

on this motion on March 14, 2019. The court granted respondents’ motion to compel and 

directed that petitioner file responses by April 3, 2019.

On April 2, 2019, respondents filed a motion for summary judgment. Respondents 

asserted that petitioner agreed to sell the property for $1,500, and that the agreement was 

memorialized by text messages between the parties, copies of which were appended to their 

motion.2 Respondents also asserted that they paid $1,500 to petitioner by check, which petitioner 

received and negotiated. Thus, respondents argued that they fully performed their obligations 

under the parties’ agreement, yet petitioner refused to convey title to the property to respondents. 

Therefore, respondents claimed that they were entitled to specific performance of the parties’ 

agreement.

Respondents also argued that they were entitled to summary judgment due to petitioner’s 

failure to respond to discovery requests, including requests for admission. Petitioner’s failure to 

respond to those requests, respondents argued, deemed admitted certain crucial facts: 1. That 

petitioner agreed to sell the property for $1,500; 2. That petitioner received $1,500 from 

respondents; and 3. That petitioner was obligated to immediately convey his interest in the real 

property to respondents.

1 The date that petitioner was released from incarceration is unclear. Respondents

suggest, however, upon their “information and belief,” that petitioner was released from 

incarceration in October or November of 2018. The record is also not clear as to the exact date 

that petitioner’s current counsel began representing petitioner, but it appears that petitioner was 

represented by current counsel at least by mid-March of 2019. 

2 These text messages were between Respondent Vanda Dawn Buzzo and petitioner. In 

one exchange, Ms. Buzzo said, “Let’s get that deed now! Lol.” Petitioner responded, “Need 1500 

to do that I told u I got to pay a lawyer.” Ms. Buzzo replied, “Is that on top of the 50?? Idk what 

you and [Respondent] [C]hip [Buzzo] agreed on.” Petitioner continued, “Well [I]’m not paying 

to get you your deed LOL I’m poor remember.” Ms. Buzzo acquiesced, saying “Ok.[] I’ll give it 

to you for the deed!!! Make sure I get one!! :)” Petitioner confirmed, “You’re definitely getting 

the deed will just have to pay the attorneys to take care of it and I don’t have the money.”

In another exchange, Respondent Vanda Buzzo asked petitioner, “[H]as the attorney 

started on the deed yet?” Petitioner claimed that he had “paid the lawyer but I have not heard 

anything back from him.”
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The parties appeared for a pretrial hearing on April 8, 2019, at which the circuit court 

also heard argument on respondents’ motion for summary judgment.3 Respondents argued the 

points raised in their written motion for summary judgment, and petitioner responded that the 

$1,500 amount identified by respondents did not represent the purchase price for the property; 

rather, respondents were to pay $150,000 to purchase the property. Accordingly, petitioner 

“object[ed] to” the motion for summary judgment and requested “additional time in order to 

work this out.” The circuit court granted respondents’ motion for summary judgment on the 

record. After issuing its ruling, petitioner stated for the first time that he “did not even have time 

to respond [to respondents’ motion for summary judgment] as I was given this on the afternoon 

of April 2nd.”4 The court was unpersuaded, and it entered its order granting summary judgment in 

favor of respondents on May 6, 2019.

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On May 23, 2019—seventeen days after the court entered its summary judgment order—

petitioner filed a “Motion to Reconsider Summary Judgment.” Petitioner argued that 

respondents’ motion for summary judgment was untimely filed and that he had had insufficient 

time to respond to it. Petitioner also asserted that “[i]t appeared that [petitioner’s counsel] was 

not given the full file by the [GAL] and was missing significant information,” including the date 

of the pretrial hearing, and that petitioner “feels he had ineffective assistance of counsel and 

[respondents] took advantage of the fact that he was incarcerated.” 

The parties appeared for a hearing on this motion on June 24, 2019. Petitioner’s counsel

argued that after receiving the case from petitioner’s GAL, she did not receive a scheduling order 

or notice of the pretrial conference hearing. “So basically we’re just asking for the [c]ourt to 

reconsider and let us present our case since he was unable to do that under previous counsel, and 

now that I have taken over, . . . we’re able to do that.” Petitioner’s counsel further represented 

that the property was “tied up in . . . bankruptcy because [petitioner] did file bankruptcy on that 

property.” After that statement, the court asked for confirmation, “Is he in bankruptcy now?” 

3 Respondents represented that approximately three days prior to the hearing, they 

received petitioner’s discovery responses. In those responses, petitioner claimed that the $1,500 

identified by respondents as the purchase price for the property “was to be used for an attorney to 

file for bankruptcy so that the deed would be clear of debts.” Petitioner further stated that the

agreed-upon purchase price was $150,000. 

4 The court acknowledged that respondents’ motion for summary judgment was not filed 

by March 25, 2019, which was the deadline for filing such motions. But the court also recalled 

that, at a hearing on respondents’ motion to compel discovery responses, it granted leave to the 

respondents to file their motion beyond that deadline due to the fact that petitioner’s discovery 

responses remained outstanding.

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In its order, the court determined that petitioner was in breach of the parties’ agreement 

requiring him to sell the property for $1,500, and that respondents were entitled to specific 

performance. The court made additional conclusions, such as that the statute of frauds was 

satisfied and/or inapplicable for various reasons, but those conclusions are not recounted here as 

they are not germane to petitioner’s assignments of error. 
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Petitioner stated in the affirmative, and the court asked, “Well, then how can I proceed?” The 

court also asked when petitioner filed bankruptcy. When neither petitioner nor petitioner’s 

counsel could answer that question, the court directed the parties to telephone the bankruptcy 

court clerk and obtain information on the filing. The bankruptcy court clerk stated that petitioner 

had not, in fact, filed for bankruptcy. The circuit court then denied petitioner’s motion. The court 

found that petitioner had not satisfied one of the grounds enumerated in Rule 60(b) of the West 

Virginia Rules of Civil Procedure, and it stated, “Indeed, by coming in today and your client 

alleging he filed bankruptcy is misleading to this [c]ourt.” It entered its order denying 

petitioner’s motion on June 25, 2019, and this appeal followed.

Petitioner’s appeal to this Court is from the circuit court’s order denying his “motion to 

reconsider.” As the circuit court recognized in evaluating petitioner’s motion under Rule 60(b) of 

the West Virginia Rules of Civil Procedure, we have “caution[ed] trial counsel that a ‘motion for 

reconsideration’ is not explicitly sanctioned by the West Virginia Rules of Civil Procedure.” 

Powderidge Unit Owners Ass’n v. Highland Props., Ltd., 196 W. Va. 692, 705 n.22, 474 S.E.2d 

872, 885 n.22 (1996); see also Pritt v. Republican Nat’l Comm., 210 W. Va. 446, 451, 557 

S.E.2d 853, 858 (2001) (“Generally speaking, ‘a “motion to reconsider” is not a properly titled 

pleading in West Virginia.’”) (citation omitted). Thus,

[w]hen a party filing a motion for reconsideration does not indicate under 

which West Virginia Rule of Civil Procedure it is filing the motion, the motion 

will be considered to be either a Rule 59(e) motion to alter or amend a judgment 

or a Rule 60(b) motion for relief from a judgment order. If the motion is filed 

within ten days of the circuit court’s entry of judgment, the motion is treated as a 

motion to alter or amend under Rule 59(e). If the motion is filed outside the tenday limit, it can only be addressed under Rule 60(b).

Powderidge, 196 W. Va. at 695-96, 474 S.E.2d at 875-76, syl. pt. 2. Because petitioner’s 

“motion for reconsideration” was filed more than ten days after the court entered its order 

granting respondents summary judgment, it was properly addressed under Rule 60(b) of the West 

Virginia Rules of Civil Procedure. 

Rule 60(b) provides, in relevant part, that

[o]n motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may relieve a party or a 

party’s legal representative from a final judgment, order, or proceeding for the 

following reasons: (1) Mistake, inadvertence, surprise, excusable neglect, or 

unavoidable cause; (2) newly discovered evidence which by due diligence could 

not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(b); (3) 

fraud (whether heretofore denominated intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation, 

or other misconduct of an adverse party; (4) the judgment is void; (5) the 

judgement has been satisfied, released, or discharged, or a prior judgment upon 

which it is based has been reversed or otherwise vacated, or it is no longer 

equitable that the judgment should have prospective application; or (6) any other 

reason justifying relief from the operation of the judgment.
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And, finally, we review the denial of motions brought under Rule 60(b) for an abuse of 

discretion. Powderidge, 196 W. Va. at 705, 474 S.E.2d at 885.

On appeal, petitioner does not argue that the court erred in denying his “motion for 

reconsideration,” nor does he contend that he satisfied any of the grounds enumerated in Rule 

60(b). Indeed, petitioner makes no mention of Rule 60 in his brief. Rather, petitioner argues that 

the court erred in granting summary judgment because respondents’ motion for summary 

judgment was not filed in time for petitioner to respond to it. Had respondents timely filed their 

motion, petitioner contends, he would have “point[ed] out there was a genuine issue of a material 

fact” and that “[t]he parties disagree that the [$1,500] was for the purchase of the property.” But 

“[a]n appeal of the denial of a Rule 60(b) motion brings to consideration for review only the 

order of denial itself and not the substance supporting the underlying judgment nor the final 

judgment order.” Syl. Pt. 3, Toler v. Shelton, 157 W. Va. 778, 204 S.E.2d 85 (1974). 

Consequently, this Court’s function in reviewing a denial of a Rule 60(b) motion “is limited to 

deciding whether the trial court abused its discretion in ruling that sufficient grounds for 

disturbing the finality of the judgment were not shown in a timely matter.” Id. at 778, 204 S.E.2d

at 86, syl. pt. 4, in part. Because petitioner does not argue that he presented sufficient grounds to 

warrant disturbing the finality of the judgment, he has not demonstrated the existence of

sufficient grounds to this Court. Accordingly, we find no abuse of discretion in the court’s denial 

of petitioner’s Rule 60(b) motion.6

For the foregoing reasons, we affirm.

Affirmed.

ISSUED: September 4, 2020 

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Tim Armstead

Justice Margaret L. Workman

Justice Elizabeth D. Walker

Justice Evan H. Jenkins

Justice John A. Hutchison

6 Nevertheless, we also observe no abuse of the circuit court’s discretion where one 

asserted basis for setting aside summary judgment—the filing of a bankruptcy petition—was 

inaccurate and where petitioner failed to demonstrate a trial-worthy issue by competent evidence.