U.S. Department 

of Transportation 

Federal Aviation 

Administration 

Advisory 

Circular 

Subject: SPECIFICATION FOR 

RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY 

LIGHT FIXTURES 

Date: September 12, 2006

Initiated by: AAS-100 

AC No: 150/5345-46C 

Change:

1. PURPOSE. This advisory circular (AC) contains the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) 

specifications for light fixtures to be used on airport runways and taxiways. 

2. EFFECTIVE DATE. Effective six months after the issue date of this AC, only that equipment 

qualified per the specifications herein will be listed per AC 150/5345-53, Airport Lighting Equipment 

Certification Program. 

3. CANCELLATION. AC 150/5345-46B, Specification for Runway and Taxiway Light Fixtures, 

dated September 1, 1998, is canceled. 

4. APPLICATION. The specifications contained in this AC are recommended by the FAA in all 

applications involving development of this nature. For airport projects receiving Federal funds under the 

airport grant assistance or the passenger facility charge programs, the use of these specifications is 

mandatory. 

5. PRINCIPAL CHANGES. The following principal changes have been incorporated: 

a. Added new inset fixtures for curved taxiway centerlines where additional conspicuity is 

warranted. 

b. Deleted the requirement for red-blue lens combinations for L-850C and L-861E fixtures. 

c. The 20 ampere requirement for Mode 1 fixtures is removed. 

d. Changed the operating low temperature requirement and added a storage/shipping low 

temperature requirement. 

e. Added 8 inch in-pavement fixtures with an additional requirement for equipment 

qualification with adapter plates. 

f. Deleted the requirement for Option 2 Automatic Lampchanger (L-850F). 

g. Updated all applicable documents and document sources (Chapter 2). 
6. METRIC UNITS. To promote an orderly transition to metric units, this AC contains both English 

and metric dimensions. The metric conversions may not be exact metric equivalents and, until there is an 

official changeover to the metric system, the English dimensions will govern. 

7. COMMENTS OR SUGGESTIONS for improvements to this AC should be sent to: 

Manager, Airport Engineering Division 

Federal Aviation Administration 

ATTN: AAS-100 

800 Independence Avenue, S.W. 

Washington, DC 20591 

8. COPIES OF THIS AC. The Office of Airport Safety and Standards is in the process of making ACs 

available to the public through the Internet. These ACs may be accessed through the FAA home page 

(www.faa.gov). A printed copy of this AC and other ACs can be ordered from the U.S. Department of 

Transportation, Subsequent Distribution Office, Ardmore East Business Center, 3341 Q 75th Avenue, 

Landover, MD 20785. 

ACs may also be ordered through the AC Checklist, which can be accessed through the FAA website 

http://www.faa.gov/aba. To access the AC Checklist, select "Advisory Circular Checklist." 

DAVID L. BENNETT 

Director of Airport Safety and Standards 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION................................................................................. 1

1.1. Scope........................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2. Classification............................................................................................................................... 1

1.2.1. Types................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2.2. Classes................................................................................................................................. 3

1.2.3. Modes.................................................................................................................................. 3

1.2.4. Styles................................................................................................................................... 3

1.2.5. Optional Items..................................................................................................................... 4

CHAPTER 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS....................................................................................... 5

2.1. General........................................................................................................................................ 5

2.2. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circulars (ACs) and Engineering Briefs..... 5

2.3. Federal Standard. ........................................................................................................................ 5

2.4. Military Publications................................................................................................................... 5

2.4.1. Military Standard. ............................................................................................................... 5

2.4.2. Military Specifications........................................................................................................ 5

2.5. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Publications...................................................... 5

2.6. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard................................................. 6

2.7. Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) Publications................................................................. 6

2.8. Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Standard................................................................. 6

2.9. Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Publication................................................................. 6

CHAPTER 3. REQUIREMENTS. ......................................................................................................... 9

3.1. General........................................................................................................................................ 9

3.2. Environmental Requirements...................................................................................................... 9

3.3. Photometric Requirements.......................................................................................................... 9

3.4. Dimensional Requirements. ...................................................................................................... 12

3.4.1. In-pavement Lights. .......................................................................................................... 13

3.4.2. Elevated Lights. ................................................................................................................ 14

3.4.3. L-804 Runway Guard Light.............................................................................................. 15

3.5. Structural Integrity. ................................................................................................................... 16

3.5.1. Vibration. .......................................................................................................................... 16

3.5.2. Static Load. ....................................................................................................................... 16

3.5.3. Shear Load. ....................................................................................................................... 17

3.5.4. Hydraulic Impact............................................................................................................... 17

3.5.5. Mechanical Impact............................................................................................................ 17

3.5.6. Leakage Resistance. .......................................................................................................... 17

3.5.7. Surface Temperature. ........................................................................................................ 17

3.6. Drainage.................................................................................................................................... 17

3.6.1. Elevated Lights. ................................................................................................................ 17

3.6.2. In-pavement Lights. .......................................................................................................... 17

3.7. Electrical Requirements. ........................................................................................................... 18

3.7.1. In-pavement Lights. .......................................................................................................... 18

3.7.2. Elevated Lights. ................................................................................................................ 18

3.7.3. L-804 Runway Guard Light Fixture. ................................................................................ 19

3.8. Optical Requirements................................................................................................................ 20

3.9. Maintainability Requirements................................................................................................... 20

3.10. Materials and Finish.............................................................................................................. 21

3.10.1. In-pavement Lights. .......................................................................................................... 21

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

3.11. Instruction Manual. ............................................................................................................... 22

3.12. Optional Items....................................................................................................................... 22

3.12.1. Option 1 - Lamp Bypass. .................................................................................................. 22

3.12.2. Option 3 - Shields. ............................................................................................................ 23

3.12.3. Option 4 - Mounting Hardware......................................................................................... 23

3.12.4. Option 5 - Two Lamps for Bidirectional Taxiway Centerline Fixtures............................ 23

CHAPTER 4. QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS. ..................................................................... 25

4.1. Qualification Request................................................................................................................ 25

4.2. General...................................................................................................................................... 25

4.3. Photometric Testing. ................................................................................................................. 25

4.3.1. Procedures......................................................................................................................... 25

4.3.2. Chromaticity. .................................................................................................................... 26

4.3.3. Calculations....................................................................................................................... 26

4.3.4. Special Conditions - In-pavement Lights.......................................................................... 27

4.3.5. Special Conditions - Elevated Lights................................................................................ 27

4.3.6. L-804 Flash Intensity Ratio Test....................................................................................... 27

4.4. Load Test. ................................................................................................................................. 27

4.5. In-pavement Light Fixture Testing. .......................................................................................... 28

4.5.1. Mechanical Tests............................................................................................................... 28

4.5.2. Thermal Tests.................................................................................................................... 29

4.5.3. Water Tests. ...................................................................................................................... 30

4.5.4. Accelerated Life Test. ....................................................................................................... 30

4.5.5. Insulation Resistance Check. ............................................................................................ 31

4.5.6. Protective Plating Test. ..................................................................................................... 31

4.6. Elevated Light Tests.................................................................................................................. 31

4.6.1. High Temperature Test. .................................................................................................... 31

4.6.2. Low Temperature Test. ..................................................................................................... 31

4.6.3. Rain Test. .......................................................................................................................... 32

4.6.4. Salt Fog Test. .................................................................................................................... 32

4.6.5. Yield Device. .................................................................................................................... 32

4.6.6. Solar Radiation Test.......................................................................................................... 32

4.6.7. Wind Test.......................................................................................................................... 32

4.6.8. Certification. ..................................................................................................................... 33

4.6.9. L-804 Operational Test. .................................................................................................... 33

4.6.10. Elevated Light Insulation Test. ......................................................................................... 33

CHAPTER 5. PRODUCTION TESTING. .......................................................................................... 35

5.1. Testing....................................................................................................................................... 35

5.2. Production Test Records. .......................................................................................................... 35

TABLE OF FIGURES. 

Table 1. Photometric Requirements for In-pavement Lights. ........................................................... 10

Table 2. Photometric Requirements for Directional Elevated Lights. .............................................. 11

Table 3. Photometric Requirements for Omnidirectional Elevated Lights...................................... 12

ii 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

CHAPTER 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION. 

1.1. Scope. 

This specification covers the requirements for light fixtures for use on airport runways and taxiways. 

1.2. Classification. 

The following light fixtures are covered by this specification: 

1.2.1. Types. 

a. Runway In-pavement Lights. 

Type Use Light Direction and Colors

L-850A Runway centerline, Land and 

Hold Short Operations 

(LAHSO)

Bidirectional: white-white, white-red 

Unidirectional: white, red

L-850B Runway Touchdown Zone; 

Medium Intensity Approach 

Lighting System 

Unidirectional: white 

L-850C Runway edge, displaced 

threshold 

Bidirectional: White-white, white- yellow, 

white-red, yellow-red, yellow-green 

L-850D Runway threshold/end Bidirectional: green-red, red-red 

Unidirectional: green 

L-850E Medium Intensity Approach 

Lighting System; Runway 

threshold 

Unidirectional: green 

L-850F LAHSO Unidirectional: white; flashing 

b. Taxiway In-pavement Lights. 

Type Use Light Direction and Colors

L-852A Taxiway centerline, 

Straight sections; 

Clearance bar 

(≥1200 Runway Visual Range 

(RVR))

Bidirectional (narrow beam): green-green, 

green-yellow, yellow-yellow 

Unidirectional (narrow beam): green, yellow

L-852B Taxiway centerline, 

Curved sections; 

(≥1200 RVR) 

Bidirectional (wide beam): green-green, 

yellow-yellow 

Unidirectional (wide beam): green, yellow 

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

Type Use Light Direction and Colors

L-852C Taxiway centerline 

Straight section; 

Clearance bar (<1200 RVR) 

Bidirectional (narrow beam): green-green, 

green-yellow, yellow-yellow 

Unidirectional (narrow beam): green, yellow 

L-852D Taxiway centerline, 

curved sections 

(<1200 RVR) 

Bidirectional (wide beam): green-green, 

yellow-yellow 

Unidirectional (wide beam): green, yellow, 

white 

L-852E Taxiway intersections 

(≥1200 RVR) 

Omni-directional: yellow 

L-852F Taxiway intersections 

(<1200 RVR) 

Omni-directional: yellow 

L-852G Runway Guard Unidirectional (wide beam): yellow; 

alternately flashing 

L-852J Taxiway centerline, 

curved sections 

≥1200 RVR) 

Bidirectional (wide beam): green-green, 

yellow-yellow 

Unidirectional (wide beam): green, yellow 

L-852K Taxiway centerline, 

curved sections 

(<1200 RVR) 

Bidirectional (wide beam): green-green, 

yellow-yellow 

Unidirectional (wide beam): green, yellow 

L-852S Stop bar Unidirectional (wide beam): red 

L-852T Taxiway edge, Apron edge Omni-directional: blue 

c. Elevated Lights. 

Type Use Light Direction and Colors

L-804 Runway Guard Unidirectional: yellow; alternately flashing 

L-860 Runway edge, Visual Flight 

Rules (VFR) runways 

Omni-directional: white 

L-860E Runway threshold/end, 

VFR runways 

Bidirectional: red-green, red-red 

Unidirectional: green 

L-861 Runway edge, non- precision 

Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) 

runways, displaced threshold 

Omni-directional: white, yellow 

Bidirectional: white-yellow, white-red, 

yellow-red, green-yellow 

2 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

Type Use Light Direction and Colors

L-861E Runway threshold/end, 

displaced threshold, 

non-precision IFR runways 

Bidirectional: red-green, red-red 

Unidirectional: green 

L-861SE Runway threshold/end, 

non-precision IFR runways 

Bidirectional: red-green 

Unidirectional: green 

L-861T Taxiway edge, Apron edge Omni-directional: blue 

L-862 Runway edge, threshold, 

displaced threshold, precision 

IFR runways 

Bidirectional: white-white, white-yellow, 

white-red, green-yellow 

L-862E Runway threshold/end, 

displaced threshold, 

precision IFR runways 

Bidirectional: red-green, red-red 

Unidirectional: green 

L-862S Stop bar Unidirectional: red 

1.2.2. Classes. 

The class designation applies only to in-pavement fixtures: 

Class 1 Direct-mounted fixtures 

Class 2 Base-mounted fixtures 

1.2.3. Modes. 

The mode designation describes the type of electrical power supply required for the fixture: 

Mode 1 Constant current fixture, supplied by 6.6 amperes (A) 

Mode 2 Constant voltage fixture, supplied by 120/240 volts AC (VAC) 

1.2.4. Styles. 

The style designation applies only to in-pavement fixtures and describes the total height above finished 

grade (X) where: 

Style 1* 1/2 inch (12.70 mm) < X ≤ 1 inch (25.40 mm) 

Style 2 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) < X ≤ 1/2 inch (12.70 mm) 

Style 3 X ≤ 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) 

* Applies only to L-850 C, D, and E, and L-852 E and F 

3 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

1.2.5. Optional Items. 

The manufacturer may provide the following optional features. These options must meet the 

requirements of 3.12: 

Option 1 Lamp By-Pass (in-pavement lights) 

Option 3 Shields (elevated lights) 

Option 4 Mounting Hardware (elevated lights) 

Option 5 Two lamps for bidirectional taxiway centerline fixtures 

4 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

CHAPTER 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS. 

2.1. General. 

The following documents, of the issue in effect on the date of application for qualification, are applicable 

to the extent specified in this AC. 

2.2. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circulars (ACs) and Engineering Briefs. 

AC 150/5200-30 Airport Winter Safety and Operations 

AC 150/5340-30 Design and Installation Details for Airport Visual Aids 

AC 150/5345-10 Specification for Constant Current Regulators and Regulator Monitors

AC 150/5345-26 Specification for L-823, Plug and Receptacle, Cable Connectors

AC 150/5345-42 Specification for Airport Light Bases, Transformer Housings, Junction 

Boxes, and Accessories 

AC 150/5345-47 Specification for Series to Series Isolation Transformers for Airport 

Lighting Systems

AC 150/5345-53 Airport Lighting Equipment Certification Program 

Engineering Brief 67 Light Sources Other Than Incandescent and Xenon for Airport and 

Obstruction Lighting Fixtures. 

2.3. Federal Standard. 

FED-STD-595B Colors Used in Government Procurement 

2.4. Military Publications. 

2.4.1. Military Standard. 

MIL-STD-810F Environmental Test Methods and Engineering Guidelines 

2.4.2. Military Specifications. 

MIL-C-7989B General Specification for Covers, Light-Transmitting, for Aeronautical 

Lights

MIL-DTL-13924C Coating, Oxide, Black, for Ferrous Metals 

2.5. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Publications. 

ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes 1993

ANSI B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form) 

ANSI B46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and Lay) 

5 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

ANSI/EIA 557 Statistical Process Control Systems 

2.6. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard. 

B-633 Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron 

and Steel 

2.7. Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) Publications. 

IES LM-35 IES Approved Method for Photometric Testing of Floodlights Using 

Incandescent Filament or Discharge Lamps 

IES Guide for Calculating the Effective Intensity of Flashing Signal 

Lights, published in Illuminating Engineering, Volume LIX, Page 747 

(November 1964) 

IES LM-54 Lamp Seasoning 

2.8. Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Standard. 

ST-017 Equipment and Material Standards of the ITE, Vehicle Traffic Control 

Signal Heads 

2.9. Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Publication. 

SAE-AS25050 Colors, Aeronautical Lights and Lighting Equipment, General 

Requirements For

FAA ACs may be obtained from: 

U.S. Department of Transportation 

Subsequent Distribution Office 

Ardmore East Business Center 

3341 Q 75th Ave. 

Landover, MD 20785 

Telephone: (301) 322-4961 

FAX: (301) 386-5394 

Website: www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/ 

FAA Engineering Briefs may be obtained from: 

Website: www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/airports/construction/engineering_briefs 

6 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

Federal standards and specifications may be obtained from: 

Federal Supply Services 

Specification Section 

470 L'Enfant Plaza East 

SW Suite 8100 

Washington, DC 20407 

Telephone: (202) 619-8925 

FAX: (202) 619-8985 

Web site: www.dsp.dla.mil 

Military Standards and Specifications may be obtained from: 

DAPS/DODSSP 

Building 4, Section D 

700 Robbins Avenue 

Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 

Telephone: (215) 697-2179 

FAX: (215) 697-1460 

Website: dodssp.daps.dla.mil 

ANSI publications may be obtained from: 

ANSI 

1819 L Street NW 

(between 18th and 19th Streets) 

6th Floor 

Washington, DC 20036 

Customer Service/Document Sales 

Telephone: (212) 642-4980 

Website: webstore.ansi.org/ansidocstore/default.asp 

ASTM standards may be obtained from: 

ASTM International 

100 Barr Harbor Drive 

PO Box C700 

West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 

Telephone: (610) 832-9585 

FAX: (610) 832-9555 

Website: www.astm.org/cgi-bin/SoftCart.exe/index.shtml?E+mystore 

7 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

IES of North America (IESNA) documents may be obtained from: 

IESNA 

120 Wall Street, Floor 17 

New York, NY 10005 

Telephone: (212) 248-500 

FAX: (212) 248-5017 

Website: www.iesna.org/shop/ 

ITE publications may be obtained from: 

ITE 

1099 14th Street, NW 

Suite 300 West 

Washington, DC 20005-3438 

Telephone: (202) 289-0222 

Website: www.ite.org/bookstore/index.asp 

8 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

CHAPTER 3. REQUIREMENTS. 

3.1. General. 

This specification covers the requirements for in-pavement and elevated light fixtures used on airport 

runways and taxiways. 

3.2. Environmental Requirements. 

The light fixtures must achieve specified performance under the following environmental conditions: 

a. Temperature. 

(1) Operating: exposure to any temperature from -40 degrees Fahrenheit (F) (-40 degrees 

Celsius (C)) to 131 degrees F (55 degrees C). 

(2) Storage/shipping: exposure to any temperature from -67 degrees F (-55 degrees C) to 

131 degrees F (55 degrees C). 

b. Temperature shock. Exposure of the hot light fixture to cold water spray. 

c. Salt fog. Exposure to a corrosive salt atmosphere. 

d. Wind. Exposure to wind velocities of 300 mph (482 kph) for all L-804, L-861, and L-862 

fixtures, and 150 mph (241 kph) for all other elevated fixtures. 

e. Precipitation. Exposure to rain, snow, ice, and standing water. 

f. Solar radiation. Exposure to solar radiation. 

3.3. Photometric Requirements. 

a The photometric performance of the fixtures is defined in Tables 1, 2, and 3. The beam 

coverage angles in the table define the size of an ellipse, circle, or rectangle. (For this discussion, it is 

assumed to be an ellipse, but the same guidelines apply to a circle or a rectangle.) 

b The light intensity inside the ellipse, when averaged per paragraph 4.3, must equal or exceed 

the intensity specified in the table. Additionally, the intensity must be at least one-half the specified value 

everywhere inside the ellipse. 

c For some fixtures, a 10 percent ellipse is also defined. The two ellipses are concentric; i.e., 

the main beam ellipse is exactly centered in the 10 percent ellipse. At every point on the 10 percent 

ellipse, the light intensity must be at least 10 percent of the specified value. 

d For in-pavement lights, part of the 10 percent ellipse may lie below grade; this area may be 

disregarded. The light color must match the aviation colors defined in SAE-AS25050 except, as noted in 

the tables 1 and 2. 

e The average measured intensity may not be more than three times the specified average 

intensity. For fixtures with a minimum but no average intensity requirement, the measured minimum may 

9 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

be no more than three times the specified minimum intensity. Bi-directional, split color, fixtures are 

exempt from this requirement if a single light source is used. 

Table 1. Photometric Requirements for In-pavement Lights. 

Minimum beam coverage (degrees) (a) Intensity (candelas) (b) 

Type Main beam (c) 10 percent (d) 

H V H V White Yellow Green Red Blue 

L-850A ±5 0.2 to 9 ±7 -4 to 13 5,000 750 

L-850B (i) -1 to 9 2 to 9 -3 to 11 -0.5 to 

11.5 

5,000 

L-850C -2 to 9 0.2 to 7 -4 to 11 -2.5 to 9.5 10,000 5,000 3,300 1,500 

L-850D -2 to 9 1 to 10 3,300 

±6 0.2 to 4.7 ±7.5 -2.5 to 7.5 2,500 

L-850E ±6 1 to 9 5,000 

L-850F ±5 0.2 to 9 ±7 -4 to 13 5,000(e)

L-852A ±10 1 to 4 ±16 0.5 to 10 20 20 

L-852B ±30 1 to 4 ±30 0.5 to 10 20 20 

L-852C ±3.5 1 to 8 ±4.5 0 to 13 200 200 

L-852D ±30 1 to 10 ±30 0 to 15 150 100 100 

L-852E 360 1 to 8 50(f)

L-852F 360 1 to 10 200(f)

L-852G ±24 1 to 10 ±30 0.5 to 13 1,000(g)

L-852J -3.5 to 35 1 to 4 -4.5 to 36 0.5 to 10 20 20 

L-852K -3.5 to 35 1 to 10 -5.5 to 37 0 to 10 100 100 

L-852S ±24 1 to 10 ±30 0.5 to 13 300(g)

L-852T 360 1 to 6 2(h)

NOTES: 

(a) For runway fixtures, beam coverage given is for the extremities of an ellipse. For taxiway fixtures, 

beam coverage is for the extremities of a rectangle with the exception of L-852G for which corners may 

be rounded on a 5-degree radius. 

(b) Values given represent minimum average intensity except for L-850E and L-852T, where minimum 

intensity is given. See paragraph 4.3.1 for a method of calculating average beam intensities. 

10 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

(c) In addition to the average intensity requirements, all points within the main beam must be at least 

fifty percent of the specified average intensity. 

(d) The intensity in this isocandela curve must be at least 10 percent of the specified minimum average 

intensity. The main beam and 10 percent curves are concentric; that is, the main beam curve lies exactly 

in the center of the 10 percent curve. For in-pavement lights, any part of the curve that falls below grade 

may be disregarded. 

(e) In the case of L-850F, each lamp must independently meet the photometrics. 

(f) Twenty-five percent reduction of candela intensity is allowed at structural ribs. 

(g) L-852S must be traffic signal red and L-852G must be traffic signal yellow per the ITE Standard for 

Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads (ST-017). 

(h) L-852T coverage is 2 candelas minimum from 1 to 6 degrees vertically and must be visible for angles 

from 15 to 90 degrees (visually verified) as projected. Use of this light should be restricted to where 

elevated lights may be damaged by jet blast or where they interfere with aircraft operations. 

Manufacturers must advise potential users of this fact before providing these lights or tag them to that 

effect. 

(i) L-850B photometrics are for a toed left fixture. The fixture may also be supplied as toed right or 

straight. 

Table 2. Photometric Requirements for Directional Elevated Lights. 

Minimum Beam Coverage (Degrees) Intensity (candelas) (b) 

Main beam (e) 10 percent (e) 

Type Notes H V H V White Yellow Green Red 

L-804 (f) ±8 ±8 ±25 ±25 3,000 (g)

(d) ±1.5 3.5 to 5.5 300 

(d) ±3 1.5 to 7.5 180 

L-861E 

(d) ±5 0 to 9 90 10 

L- (a) ±15 2 to 10 ±20 -3 to 15 600 

861SE (d) ±5 0 to 9 20 

L-862 (a) (c) -2 to 9 0 to 7 -4 to 11 -2.5 to 9.5 10,000 5,000 2,500 2,000 

L-862E (a) ±6 0.2 to 4.7 ±7.5 -2.5 to 7.5 2,500 

(a) -2 to 9 1 to 10 3,200 

L-862S (d) ±7 ±4 ±14 ±8 2,000 

(g)

NOTES: 

(a) Beam coverage is given for the extremities of an ellipse. 

(b) Values given represent minimum average intensity. See paragraph 4.3.1 

11 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

(c) Minimum of 50 candelas (measured in white light) required omni-directionally for all vertical angles 

to 15 degrees. 

(d) Beam coverage is given for the extremities of a rectangle. 

(e) See notes (c) and (d) of Table 1. 

(f) Beam coverage is given for the extremities of a circle, except that the area below -10 degrees vertical 

is ignored. Additionally, the intensity must be at least 1,000 cd at every point within a circle of ±15 

degrees. 

(g) Red for L-862S must be traffic signal red, and yellow for L-804 must be traffic signal yellow per the 

Institute of Transportation Engineers Standard for Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads (ST-017). 

Table 3. Photometric Requirements for Omnidirectional Elevated Lights.

Intensity (candelas) (a) 

2 to 10 degrees 10 to 15 degrees 

Type

Color

Minimum Minimum

Average 

Intensity 

Minimum 

L-860 White 15 25 10 

L-860E Green 10 15 5 

Red 3 5 1 

White 75 125 40 

Yellow 37 67 20 

Green 28 46 14 

L-861 

Red (c) 3 5 1 

L-861T Blue 2(b) 

NOTES: 

(a) Angles measured in vertical plane. 

(b) L-861T coverage is 2 candelas minimum from 0 to 6 degrees vertically and must be visible from 15 

to 90 degrees vertical (verified visually) as projected. 

(c) L-861 red is only 180 degrees of horizontal coverage for unidirectional and bidirectional. 

3.4. Dimensional Requirements. 

The light fixtures described in this specification may be installed directly in the ground or pavement, or 

they may be mounted on top of a standard FAA light base and transformer housing (specified in 

AC 150/5345-42). Dimensional requirements for both methods of mounting and other essential 

dimensions are given below. 

12 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

3.4.1. In-pavement Lights. 

The slope of the top surface of the light fixture, which protrudes above finish grade, must be no more than 

20 degrees (recesses excepted). 

3.4.1.1. Class 1 (Direct Mounted). 

When not installed on an L-868 base, the in-pavement light fixture is typically installed in a recess cut in 

the pavement and secured by an adhesive compound poured around the lights. The power conductors are 

run to the light fixture through a saw kerf in the pavement. The light fixture must be designed to 

maximize adhesion via the securing compound and to resist rotation and uplift. All optical components 

and electrical components (except those used to carry the incoming power) must be removable for 

servicing without breaking the adhesive bond. Any associated shallow base or other installation 

accessories must withstand the specified loading and environmental stress. The manufacturer must 

specify in the installation instructions the shape and dimensions of the recess required for installation of 

the light. If installation bolts are used, they must be furnished with their companion lock washers. 

3.4.1.2. Class 2 (Base Mounted). 

a. Interface details and dimensions of L-868 bases are shown in AC 150/5345-42, Specification 

for Airport Light Bases, Transformer Housings, Junction Boxes, and Accessories. Installation standards 

may be found in AC 150/5340-30, Design and Installation Details for Airport Visual Aids. 

b. Critical interface areas of the light fixture are the outer diameter, top flange, bolt holes, and 

throat projection. For L-850 A and B, the outer diameter of the light fixture must be 11.94 inches (303.27 

mm) ±0.05 inch (1.27 mm) and must mate with an L-868 base size B. For 8-inch (203.20 mm) fixtures, 

the outer diameter must be 8.00 ±0.05 inch (1.27 mm) and must mate with an L-868 base size A or B. 

Adapter rings must be qualified with the fixture. 

c. For L-850 C, D, and E, the fixture must have an outside diameter of 17.25 inches (438.15 

mm) ±0.09 inch (2.29 mm), and must mate with an L-868 base size C (alternatively, the C, D, and E may 

use the same dimensions as the A and B). 

d. The light fixture must have a projection that extends at least 1/4 inch (6.35 mm) down 

through the L-868 assembly. The diameter of this projection must be 0.06 inch +0.00, -0.01 inch (1.52 

mm +0.0, -0.25 mm) less than the nominal diameter of the top flange cut-out. 

e. Semi-flush lights must be designed to mount on an L-868 base whose top surface is 3/4 inch 

(19.05 mm) below grade; flush lights may be designed to fit atop a base placed up to 1-1/4 inch (31.75 

mm) below grade (L-850 C, D, and E may use either criteria). 

f. If the installation of the light requires grooves or recesses in the surrounding pavement, the 

manufacturer must describe the dimensions of these recesses and how they are to be drained. 

g. The fixture (with the exception of 8 inch fixtures) must be designed to be secured by six 

mounting bolts supplied with the base and described in AC 150/5345-42. 

h. The fixture bolt hole configuration must match the Type L-868 base that it is sized to fit (with 

the exception of 8 inch fixtures). In addition, the axis between one pair of bolt holes on opposite sides of 

the fixture must be perpendicular to the direction of the runway centerline. 

13 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

3.4.2. Elevated Lights. 

The standard installed height of elevated light fixtures must not exceed 14 inches (355.60 mm) (except L804 that has a minimum height of 14 inches (355.60 mm) from the bottom of the light emitting surface to 

ground level). However, this height may be increased, in increments of 2 inches (50.80 mm), to a 

maximum 30 inches (762.00 mm) for applications in snow areas (except L-804 that has a maximum of 26 

inches (660.40 mm) including fixture pitch). 

a. Installation standards are contained in AC 150/5340-30. 

b. When the purchaser specifies that a mounting system be provided, it must be per paragraphs 

3.4.2.1 through 3.4.2.3. 

3.4.2.1. Yield Device. 

a. Each elevated light fixture must have a yield point near the point or position where the light 

attaches to the base plate or mounting stake. The yield point must be no more than 1-1/2 inches (38.10 

mm) above grade, must give way before any other part of the fixture is damaged, and must withstand a 

bending moment of 150 foot-pounds (203 Newton-meters (N-m) without failure. 

(1) This yield point must also separate cleanly from the mounting system before the bending 

moment reaches 500 foot-pounds (678 N-m). However, L-860 fixtures may bend instead of separating. 

The fixture must not sway more than 1 inch from vertical under the specified wind loading. If the yield 

device uses a threaded connection to the base plate or stake, it should have a male external thread with 

either 2 inch (50.80 mm)-11.5 National Pipe Thread (NPT) or National Pipe Straight (NPS) thread, or 1.5 

inch (38.10 mm)-12 Unified Fine (UNF) thread. If threaded, the yield device must have a faceted surface, 

i.e., hexagonal section, below the yield point to facilitate removal. The yield device should be easily 

replaceable after breakage. 

b. For Mode 1 (series-powered) fixtures, the yield device must be hollow to allow a receptacle 

and socket to be positioned internally per paragraph 3.7.2. If the yield device is of the “pop-out” variety 

that may be reassembled after separation, the manufacturer must provide test data demonstrating the 

number of times the device may be separated before falling outside of the acceptable yield device 

performance band. This information must be included in the instruction manual. 

c. Nonmetallic yield devices must provide specified performance over the full temperature 

range with appropriate grounding capability for the attached fixture. 

3.4.2.1.1. Yield Device for L-804. 

a. Each L-804 elevated light fixture must have a yield point near where the light attaches to the 

base plate. The yield point must withstand a bending moment of 1,300 foot-pounds (1,762.5 N-m) 

without failure, but must separate cleanly at the yield point before the bending moment reaches 2,100 

foot-pounds (2,847.2 N-m). 

b. The center of the light source must not sway more than 2 inches (50.80 mm) from vertical 

under the specified wind loading. 

c. The yield point must not be more than 1.5 inches (38.10 mm) above grade and must give way 

before any other part of the fixture is damaged. 

14 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

d. The yield device must have a threaded connection to the base plate, with a male external 

thread with 2 inch (50.80 mm)-11.5 NPT or NPS threads. 

e. The yield device must have a feature below the yield point to facilitate removal of the yield 

device from the base plate. The feature may be either external or internal. 

f. The yield device must be easily replaceable after breakage. 

g. The yield device must be hollow to allow a receptacle and socket to be positioned internally 

per paragraph 3.7.2. 

h. Nonmetallic yield devices must provide specified performance over the full temperature 

range with appropriate grounding capability (see AC 150/5340-30 for details about grounding methods) 

for the attached fixture. 

3.4.2.2. Base Mounting. 

a. When the elevated light fixture is mounted on an L-867 base, it must be mated with a base 

plate whose diameter and bolt-hole circle corresponds to one of the L-867 base sizes. 

b. The base plate must be designed to receive the frangible device provided; typically, this is a 

straight female thread. 

c. A neoprene gasket (or equivalent) must be provided with the base plate to form a watertight 

seal between the base plate and the L-867 light base. This gasket must have a nominal thickness of 1/8 

inch (3.16 mm) and must fit the bolt circle of the L-867 light base flange. 

d. When the base plate is bolted to an L-867 light base, it must withstand an evenly distributed 

static compressive load of 2,500 pounds (1134 kg) and a bending moment of 2,500 foot-pounds (3,389.50 

N-m) for the L-804 and 700 foot-pounds (949.07 N-m) for all other applications without damage or 

permanent deformation. 

3.4.2.3. Stake Mounting. 

When not installed on a base, the elevated light fixture must be mated with a stake made of 2x2x3/16 inch 

(50.80x50.80x4.76 mm) steel angle stock. The stake must have a fitting attached at the top to receive the 

yield device. The length of the stake and fitting must be 30 inches (762.0 mm). Alternate staking 

methods may be used if it can be demonstrated that equal support and durability are provided. L-804 

fixtures must not be stake mounted. 

3.4.3. L-804 Runway Guard Light. 

a. This fixture must consist of two alternately illuminated, unidirectional light sources. These 

light sources must be circular, 8 inches (203.20 mm) in diameter, and in the same horizontal plane. Their 

spacing must be 15 inches (381.0 mm) center-to-center. 

b. The light sources must be alternately illuminated at the rate of 45-50 flashes per minute over 

all specified brightness levels. 

c. The front face of the fixture must consist of a minimum of 2 inches (50.80 mm) surrounding 

each light source which must be a low luster black finish (per paragraph 3.10.2). 

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

d. The fixture must be designed to reduce the amount of incident sunlight on the light emitting 

surface to maximize the contrast between the lamp-on and lamp-off states. This must be accomplished by 

providing one visor per light source. Each visor must extend 6.5 inches (165.10 mm) from the front face 

of the fixture and must be installed no higher than 1.5 inches (38.10 mm) above the top of the light 

source. The bottom of the visor must extend at least 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) below the center of the light 

source. The visor is to be mounted in such a manner as to prevent light from escaping from the area 

where the visor attaches to the fixture. The visor must be tapered to the minimum necessary to not 

obstruct the level line of sight extending from the center of each light source to a horizontal angle of ±60 

degrees while the fixture is aimed vertically at any angle between 0 and +20 degrees. All surfaces of the 

visors must be a low luster black finish (per paragraph 3.10.2). 

e. The center of the specified beam spread must be capable of being aimed vertically and 

horizontally. The fixture and/or the mounting system must be designed to permit vertical adjustment of 

the light beam from 0 degrees to +20 degrees above the horizontal. The adjustment mechanism must be 

detented in a minimum of 1 degree increments and must be able to be locked in place to hold the desired 

vertical setting. 

f. The mounting system must be designed to permit horizontal adjustment of the light beam 

through a range of ±20 degrees. The adjustment mechanism must be designed to provide horizontal 

aiming in increments of a maximum of 5 degrees. 

g. The fixture must be designed and installed so that jet blast does not turn the fixture either 

horizontally or vertically. 

h. A flexible corrosion resisting steel tether must be provided to prevent the fixture from being 

blown onto a neighboring runway or taxiway. The tether must have a minimum tensile strength of 6,800 

pounds (9,214 kg) and be designed to anchor the fixture to the L-867 base. Approximately 6-10 inches 

(152.40-254.0 mm) of slack should be provided. 

i. All components required for installation must be supplied and all mounting legs must have 

yield devices as described in paragraph 3.4.2.1.1. 

3.5. Structural Integrity. 

The in-pavement light fixtures must withstand (without damage) the mechanical stresses detailed below: 

3.5.1. Vibration. 

In-pavement light assemblies must withstand vibration along any axis; they must withstand an inertial 

load of up to 15 Gs when vibrated at frequencies between 20 and 2000 Hertz (Hz). The lamp filament 

must withstand an inertial load of 3 Gs when vibrated between 20 and 2000 Hz. 

3.5.2. Static Load. 

When installed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, the light assembly must withstand a 

static loading (in pounds) of 450 times the top area of the light fixture (in square inches) distributed 

uniformly over the top surface. 

16 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

3.5.3. Shear Load. 

The light assembly must withstand a shear load of 3,000 pounds (1,360.78 kg) applied to the top of the 

light in any direction parallel to the mounting surface. 

3.5.4. Hydraulic Impact. 

The top of the light assembly (all surfaces exposed when properly installed) must withstand a momentary 

hydraulic pressure of 200 psi (1,378.90 kilo-Pascals (kPa)). 

3.5.5. Mechanical Impact. 

For L-850 lights, the light assembly must withstand the repeated impact of a steel ball with 29.5 footpounds (40 Joules) of energy. 

3.5.6. Leakage Resistance. 

The subassembly containing the optical components, including the lamp, must be resistant to water 

leakage or infiltration from above or below the light fixture. Specifically, the optical assembly must 

withstand an internal pressure of 20 psi (137.90 kPa) without leakage. 

3.5.7. Surface Temperature. 

The light fixture must be designed so that the surface temperature will not exceed 320 degrees F (160 

degrees C) when the fixture is operating at maximum intensity while covered by the wheel of a heavy 

ground vehicle or aircraft for a period of 10 minutes. 

3.6. Drainage. 

3.6.1. Elevated Lights. 

Elevated light fixtures must be constructed so that a tight seal is formed between the components. A 

gasket must be used between the fixture cover and body to improve the seal. The fixture must be 

constructed so that any water developed internally will drain down past the yield point. The L-804 fixture 

may use a drain hole rather than drain down the mounting legs. The design should not allow water buildup around the yield point. 

3.6.2. In-pavement Lights. 

a. Class 2 light fixtures must be designed for either a “dry” or “wet” system. A “wet” system 

requires the light installer to supply sufficient drainage in the base/conduit system to allow the light 

fixture to drain into the base. 

b. In a “dry” system, no water drains from above the light into the base. The optical assembly 

must be sealed from above and below. “Dry” systems may use an “O” ring (supplied with the base) in the 

mounting flange of the base to improve sealing; flat gaskets must not be used at this interface. 

c. For “wet” systems, water from the channel in front of the optical window and any associated 

recessed areas may be drained into the base to prevent water from obstructing the light beam. 

17 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

d. If part of the optical window is below grade, the light fixture must emit at least 50 percent of 

the specified light output when that portion of the window below grade is blocked. For designs that have 

more than half the window below grade, the fixture must emit 50 percent intensity with the lower half of 

the window area blocked. 

3.7. Electrical Requirements. 

a. The L-804 light fixture must have monitoring capability to detect failures as defined below. 

b. All L-862 and in-pavement light fixtures must use a Mode 1 (constant current) power supply 

of 6.6 amperes. 

c. All L-860 light fixtures must use a Mode 2 (constant voltage) power supply; the L-861 and L804 light fixtures may be either Mode 1 or Mode 2. 

d. Mode 1 fixtures must be designed to interface with an isolation transformer (specified in 

AC 150/5345-47) and must be compatible with all certified L-828 constant current regulators and 

monitors. 

e. The names and addresses of certified regulator manufacturers may be found in AC 150/5345-

53 Addendum. Upon request, they will provide oscilloscope photographs of the constant current 

regulator’s output waveform per AC 150/5345-10. 

3.7.1. In-pavement Lights. 

a. The light fixture must have a minimum insulation resistance of 50 meg-ohms lead-to-case 

when dry or while soaking in salt water. 

b. Leads must be stranded copper insulated with a material suitable for the electrical and 

temperature requirements, and must be at least 18 inches (457.20 mm) long. Leads for Class 2 fixtures 

must be terminated with an L-823 plug (specified in AC 150/5345-26) to mate with the socket on the 

secondary lead of an isolating transformer. Leads for Class 1 light fixtures must be sealed at the entry to 

the fixture and must have the ends ready for splicing. 

c. Moisture must not wick into the fixture through the leads. 

3.7.2. Elevated Lights. 

a. The light fixture must have a minimum insulation resistance of 50 meg-ohms lead-to-case. 

b. A lead assembly of appropriate length must be supplied to connect the lamp socket to the 

power source. Two stranded copper conductors must be provided, with adequate current capacity and 

insulation for the operating environment. 

c. A clamp or similar device must prevent any strain or tugging on the lead from affecting the 

lamp socket. 

d. All wiring must be run internally; L-860 fixtures may use external wiring if desired. 

18 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

e. At the yield point on elevated lights with frangible or “pop-out” devices, the electrical circuit 

must have a means of disconnecting (such as a plug and receptacle) to break the electrical circuit and 

allow the light fixture to separate cleanly. 

3.7.2.1. Mode 1(Series-Powered) Fixtures. 

On Mode 1 fixtures, the receptacle leads must be terminated in an L-823 plug. This plug mates with the 

receptacle on the secondary lead of an isolating transformer. The mounting system (either base plate or 

stake) must firmly position this isolating transformer receptacle so its mating face is at the yield point and 

so it will not be dislodged by separation from the plug. Drainage must be provided around the receptacle 

retainer to prevent water buildup around the yield point (per paragraph 3.6.1). 

3.7.2.2. Mode 2 (Parallel-Powered) Fixtures. 

The lead from the lamp socket to the underground power cable must be provided with a disconnect device 

at the yield point of the fixture. For L-860 fixtures with flexible mounting systems or external wiring, the 

disconnect device may be at any convenient point. The lead must be secured so that no strain is placed on 

the primary power cable when the disconnect device is pulled apart by the separation at the yield point of 

the light fixture. When the disconnect device is separated, the energized leads from the power cable must 

not be exposed. 

3.7.3. L-804 Runway Guard Light Fixture. 

The L-804 fixture may be designed to accept a Mode 1 or Mode 2 power supply. The power input cable 

must have sufficient length to reach at least 6 inches (152.40 mm) below grade when installed, and must 

have provision for strain relief. The power input cable must terminate in a plug; for Mode 1 circuits, this 

must be an L-823 plug. Plugs and receptacles for Mode 2 circuits must be of good quality, weatherproof, 

and suitable for direct burial. If a standard L-823 plug is not used, the mating receptacle for the plug must 

be provided for field installation. 

3.7.3.1. L-804 Flasher. 

The two lights in the runway guard fixture must be alternately illuminated 45 to 50 times a minute per 

lamp over all specified brightness levels. The flashing mechanism used to switch the two lights must 

maintain the flash rate within tolerance under the specified environmental conditions. If required, filters 

must be included to suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI). See AC 150/5340-30, Appendix 2, 

AIRPORT TECHNICAL ADVISORY, for additional information about EMI effects and mitigation 

strategies. Power must be applied alternately to each lamp for 50 percent (± 0.5 percent) of the total 

cycle. When operating on the highest intensity setting, the light output for each lamp must rise to at least 

70 percent of the steady-burning intensity for that lamp during the “on” cycle, and must fall to 17 percent 

(or less) of the steady-burning intensity during the “off” cycle. 

3.7.3.2. L-804 Component Failure. 

When a lamp failure occurs, the remaining lamp must continue to flash normally. When flasher failure 

occurs, at least one of the lamps must remain “on” at the selected intensity. See AC 150/5345-26, 

Maintenance of Airport Visual Aid Facilities, for tolerance/limits and operating standards. 

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

3.7.3.3. L-804 Control. 

One of two methods may be used to control the brightness of the L-804. One method is to allow the lamp 

intensity to vary with the current delivered to the fixture via a series circuit (mode 1). Depending on the 

regulator used to energize the circuit, this current may vary from 4.8 to 6.6 amps or from 2.8 to 6.6 amps. 

The other method, when using 120 or 240 volts ac (mode 2), is to use a photocell to switch the lamps to 

30 percent intensity at low light levels. The photocell must turn the fixture to high intensity when the 

light falling on it reaches 50 to 60 foot-candles, and low intensity when the light falling on it reaches 25 

to 35 foot-candles. A time delay must be incorporated to prevent mode switching due to transient light 

conditions. 

3.7.3.4. Mandatory L-804 Monitoring. 

Monitoring must detect the failure of a lamp(s), failure of a lamp(s) to flash, and failure of the monitoring 

device. An option may be provided for an L-804 without monitoring, however this option must only be 

derived by removal of components from the fixture and/or replacement of power/control lead cabling. 

For the purpose of providing this monitoring function with a single support leg for breakaway for Mode 1 

circuits, use of multiple pin/plug connector that is not a L-823, is acceptable until such time as an 

appropriate L-823 connector is available. In this situation, the mating connector must be furnished with 

the fixture. The connector design should meet environmental concerns, electrical concerns, and 

separation criteria intended of an L-823 connector. Connection to the isolation transformer must be with 

L-823 plug for Mode 1 circuits. 

3.8. Optical Requirements. 

The internal components of the optical assembly must be protected from dirt, corrosion, humidity, or 

other environmental factors that might degrade performance. Reflectors must have a finish of high 

specular reflectivity. All light transmitting surfaces must conform to MIL-C-7989B, Class B, C, or D. 

Covers must resist abrasion or other damage from sandblasting, sunlight, and chemicals in the air. A 

durable permanent label with replacement lamp identification data must be placed in the fixture near the 

lamp. Lamps for the Type L-850, L-862, L-861SE, and the L-852 E, F, S, and G lights must have a 

minimum rated life of 500 hours; all others must have a minimum rated life of at least 1,000 hours. 

3.9. Maintainability Requirements. 

a. All interior components of the light fixture must be easily removable for cleaning or 

replacement. 

b. The optical components must be keyed so that they may not be reassembled incorrectly. 

c. The lamp must be accurately and firmly positioned at the proper focal point. 

d. Any interior lenses or filters must be securely positioned. 

e. After the light fixture has been reassembled, all components must be properly aligned, 

original water resistance must be restored, and the required photometrics must be produced. 

f. Special tools (tools that are not commercially available) must not be required for 

maintenance. 

20 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

g. Directional light fixtures must be marked to indicate the correct orientation with respect to 

the runway centerline. 

h. Elevated fixtures with exposed metal parts that might present a shock hazard must be 

grounded. 

i. The fixture must be permanently marked with the manufacturer’s name and the fixture type. 

j. For L-861 and L-862 fixtures, at least 4 degrees of adjustment must be provided in all 

directions to allow leveling of the fixture after installation. 

k. For in-pavement lights, a fitting must be supplied to allow pressurization of the sealed optical 

assembly. The fitting may be permanent, or a plug for installation may replace it. This fitting will be 

used to test the seals after field maintenance. 

l. Pry slots, threaded holes, or other means must be supplied on the top of in-pavement lights 

and elevated light base plates to assist in removing stubborn fixtures adhering to the mating surfaces. 

3.10. Materials and Finish. 

All components must be suitable for the intended purpose and adequately protected against corrosion. 

The components must have adequate capacity and must not be operated in excess of the component 

manufacturer’s recommended rating. 

3.10.1. In-pavement Lights. 

3.10.1.1. Hardware. 

a. All bolts, studs, nuts, lockwashers, and other similar fasteners used in the light fixture must 

be fabricated from either 18-8, 410, or 416 stainless steel, passivated and free from discoloration. 

b. Bolts or screws made of 410 or 416 stainless steel must be given a black oxide finish per 

MIL-DTL-13924C, Class 3. 

c. The manufacturer should recommend use of an anti-seize compound when providing 18-8, 

410, or 416 stainless steel hardware. The manufacturer does not normally supply anti-seize compound. 

d. All screw threads must be Class 2 or Class 3 per ANSI B1.1. This paragraph does not apply 

to current-carrying components. 

3.10.1.2. Finish. 

All surfaces of the finished top assembly must be smooth, without burrs or sharp edges. Any “O” ring 

grooves must have a surface finish of 64 rms maximum as defined in ANSI B46.1. In addition, all edges 

above the pavement must be rounded to not less than 1/16-inch (1.59 mm) radius. The surface on the 

light fixture that mates with the base flange must have a smooth finish to provide good load transfer and 

sealing. 

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

3.10.1.3. Elevated Lights. 

3.10.1.4. Protection of Metals. 

Ferrous metals must be galvanized or given other equal corrosion protection. Copper bearing hardware in 

contact with aluminum must be plated with nickel or zinc. 

3.10.1.5. Finishes. 

For non-optical surfaces, the exterior finish must match color No. 13538, Aviation Yellow, Table V of 

FED-STD-595B unless otherwise specified. 

3.10.1.5.1. Metal Part Coatings. 

Metal parts must be protected by at least one prime coat (or other suitable preparatory painting process) 

and one finish coat. Paint for the finish coat must be high quality paint suitable for the drying process 

used. Paint for the prime coat must be suitable for the metal treatment involved. 

NOTE: Powder or other coatings may be substituted for paint if equivalent environmental stresses, 

corrosion protection, metal treatment compatibilities, and color (per paragraph 3.10.1.5) properties are 

provided. 

3.10.1.5.2. Nonmetallic Parts. 

Nonmetallic parts must have the color integral to the material or must be protected by a finish coat of 

paint suitable for the drying process and compatible with the material. The finish must be able to endure 

the environmental stresses specified in paragraph 3.2 for a suitable period. 

3.11. Instruction Manual. 

An instruction manual must be included with each order and must contain at least the following 

information: 

a. Diagram showing layout of parts and wiring; 

b. Complete parts list with the names and addresses of the component suppliers and their part 

numbers; 

c. Assembly and installation instructions, including dimensions of any pavement cuts, 

recommended torques, and special mounting requirements; 

d. Maintenance instructions, including durability information on “pop-out” yield devices for 

elevated lights. 

3.12. Optional Items. 

3.12.1. Option 1 - Lamp Bypass. 

For in-pavement lights installed on series circuits, an electrical bypass device may be available for 

specification by the purchaser. This device must close an auxiliary circuit around the lamp within 

22 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

15 seconds after failure of the lamp. A film disc cutout or other suitable device may be used for this 

function. A suitable holder and bypass wiring must be furnished for this device. 

3.12.2. Option 3 - Shields. 

For elevated lights, except for L-804, the manufacturer may provide shields to eliminate unneeded light. 

These shields are attached after the fixture is in place and are oriented according to the needs of a 

particular installation. All shields are subject to the same wind loading and other environmental 

requirements as the fixture to which they attached. 

3.12.3. Option 4 - Mounting Hardware. 

The manufacturer must provide the type of mounting system specified by the user of the elevated lights. 

The user may specify a base plate, stake, or may purchase the light without mounting hardware. The user 

may also order elevated fixtures of a specified height. If a mounting system is provided, it must meet the 

requirements of paragraph 3.4.2 and subparagraphs. 

3.12.4. Option 5 - Two Lamps for Bidirectional Taxiway Centerline Fixtures. 

For taxiway centerline fixtures, L-852, the manufacturer may provide bidirectional fixtures with two 

lamps, one for each direction, that are independently controllable with separate external leads. 

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

Intentionally left blank.

24 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

CHAPTER 4. QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS. 

4.1. Qualification Request. 

Procedures for obtaining qualification approval are contained in the latest edition of AC 150/5345-53. 

4.2. General. 

Each type, class, mode, option, and style of light fixture to be approved must be tested. Only one set of 

mechanical tests is required for each light fixture structural design. 

4.3. Photometric Testing. 

a. The optical performance of each light fixture, in combination with different lamp 

manufacturers, wattages, types, etc. must be determined by photometric measurements. 

b. Additionally, each light fixture must have light output verified for each filter, lens, and light 

cover intended for use. 

c. All lamps must be steady-burning during photometric testing. 

d. All in-pavement fixtures tested must be mounted on a facsimile that simulates the below 

grade requirements per paragraph 3.4.1.2e. 

4.3.1. Procedures. 

a. Before testing, photometric test equipment must be calibrated per paragraph 6 of IES LM-35. 

The photometric axes are established in relation to a properly installed fixture; the horizontal axis passes 

through the center of the fixture and is parallel to the runway centerline (for in-pavement lights it is at 

grade), and the vertical axis runs through the center of the fixture and is perpendicular to the ground 

plane. Horizontal angles toward the runway centerline are positive. 

b. The fixtures must be operated for at least 15 minutes before taking measurements. 

Photometric measurements must be taken with at least five random production-run lamps. 

c. For fixtures with a 10 percent ellipse specified in Tables 1 through 3, at least 8 points must be 

measured on this ellipse. The method of measurement required to demonstrate compliance with the 

specification is given below. 

4.3.1.1. Narrow-Beam Fixtures. 

For fixtures with a horizontal main beam width specified less than or equal to ±10 degrees, intensities 

must be measured along the horizontal and vertical axes at intervals of a maximum of 1 degree - a 

minimum of ten readings on each axis must be taken. The average value of each axis, per paragraph 

4.3.3, must meet the minimum average intensity requirements contained in Tables 1 and 2. Additionally, 

each intensity reading must be at least one-half the specified value for the minimum average intensity 

requirement. For the L-850E, each reading must equal or exceed the minimum intensity. 

25 
AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

4.3.1.2. Wide-Beam Fixtures. 

a. For fixtures with a horizontal beam width greater than 20 degrees but less than 180 degrees, 

horizontal “cuts” must be taken to measure the light intensity at each one degree interval throughout the 

required vertical beam spread. 

b. At least 10 readings must be taken at each horizontal “cut.” The results of these horizontal 

“cuts” must be averaged collectively, per paragraph 4.3.3, and this average must meet the minimum 

average intensity requirements contained in Tables 1 and 2. 

c. Additionally, each of the intensity readings taken in a horizontal “cut” must be at least onehalf the specified value for the minimum average intensity requirement. 

d. The full measurements must be taken with at least one lamp, and the other four may be 

submitted with a single representative horizontal “cut.” However, additional data may be required on the 

other lamps to ensure compliance. 

4.3.1.3. Omnidirectional Fixtures. 

a. For fixtures with a specified horizontal beam width greater than 180 degrees, the vertical 

beam spread must be measured at least every 30 degrees of the horizontal beam width. 

b. Each reading must meet the minimum intensity requirement, and the average of each vertical 

“cut” must meet the minimum average intensity requirement contained in Tables 1 and 2. 

c. Additionally, each of the intensity readings taken in a vertical “cut” must be at least one-half 

the specified value for the minimum average intensity requirement. 

d. For in-pavement lights, a 25 percent intensity reduction may occur at structural ribs with the 

exception of L-852T fixtures. 

4.3.2. Chromaticity. 

a. Each fixture must be tested with each type of filter, lamp, and optical system to be used in the 

fixture to ensure that it meets the intensity and chromaticity requirements. 

b. Spectral transmittance measurements of the filter are at the operating temperature of the light 

fixture. 

c. The fixture must meet the chromaticity requirements of SAE-AS25050 and the ITE 

Equipment and Material Standard, ST-017B, Chapter 2, Vehicle Traffic Control Signal Heads, when 

tested at full brightness and at the center of the main beam and the extremes of the horizontal and vertical 

beam distribution. Chromaticity outside of distribution boundaries may be verified visually. 

NOTE: The ITE Standard applies to Type L-852G and L-852S inset light fixtures (see note (g) in 

Table 1) and Type L-862S and L-804 elevated light fixtures (see note (g) in Table 2). 

4.3.3. Calculations. 

The average measured intensity may not be more than three times the specified average intensity. For 

fixtures with a minimum but no average intensity requirement, the measured minimum may be no more 

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September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

than three times the specified minimum intensity. Bi-directional and split color fixtures are exempt from 

this requirement if a single light source is used. 

4.3.4. Special Conditions - In-pavement Lights. 

For in-pavement lights, photometric tests must follow the shock and hydraulic impact tests to determine if 

the lamp filament has sustained any damage. If an in-pavement light is designed so that any portion of 

the exterior lens or prism is below pavement level, that portion must be obscured by opaque tape, but no 

more than half the lens area should be blocked. The resulting intensity distribution, in the applicable 

color, must be no less than 50 percent of that required in Tables 1, 2, or 3. The center of the light beam 

may be shifted ±0.5 degree vertically, and ±1.0 degree horizontally, to meet the photometric curve. Type 

L-852B and D fixtures may be shifted ±2.5 degrees horizontally. 

4.3.5. Special Conditions - Elevated Lights. 

The resultant isocandela curves may be shifted a maximum of one degree horizontally and one degree 

vertically to achieve compliance with the specified photometric curve. For L-804 fixtures, the flasher 

must be disabled and each light measured independently while steady-burning. 

4.3.6. L-804 Flash Intensity Ratio Test. 

The L-804 Runway Guard Light must be operated while flashing for a period of 30 minutes. A peak 

value reading must be taken, with a photo detector with an adequate response time, in the center of the 

beam and recorded. The flasher mechanism must then be disabled. After a five minute re-warm period, a 

steady state reading must be recorded. The ratio of the peak reading to the steady state reading must meet 

the requirements of paragraph 3.7.3.1. 

4.4. Load Test. 

a. A static load test must be performed on the complete in-pavement light fixture (and a shallow 

base or L-868 facsimile) and on the elevated light base plate. The base plate must be mated to an L-867 

base (or equivalent) for testing. 

b. The test load must be applied to the top part of the test assembly through a rubber block of a 

diameter at least 1 inch (25.40 mm) less than the outside diameter of the light assembly. The rubber 

block must be 1 inch (25.40 mm) thick and have a “Shore A” hardness of 55-70. 

c. For in-pavement light fixtures, the total load (in pounds) to be applied must be 450 times the 

area (square inches) of the light fixture. 

d. For base plates, the load must be 2,500 pounds (1,133.98 kg). The load must be applied 

uniformly over the rubber at a rate not greater than 10,000 pounds (4,535.92 kg) per minute; full load 

must be applied for at least 1 minute. When the base plate is bolted to an L-867 light base, it must 

withstand a bending moment of 2,500 foot pounds (3,389.50 N-m) for the L-804 and 700 foot pounds 

(949.07 N-m) for all other applications. 

e. The test is considered unsatisfactory if there is any permanent deformation, cracking of 

material or finish, breaking, or damage to any part of the light, base assembly, or base plate. 

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

4.5. In-pavement Light Fixture Testing. 

Unless otherwise noted, the in-pavement light fixtures must be tested under simulated installed 

conditions. Class 1 lights must be tested with any shallow base or other accessories used for installation. 

Class 2 lights must be tested while attached to an L-868 base or facsimile. 

4.5.1. Mechanical Tests. 

4.5.1.1. Vibration Test. 

a. The light fixtures must be subjected to a sinusoidal vibration along three mutually 

perpendicular axes (parallel to the centerline, perpendicular to the centerline, and vertically). 

b. The test must be conducted in two parts; the second part is only necessary if the lamp is 

damaged during the first part. 

(1) For the initial test, the lamp must be shunted and the continuity continuously monitored. 

The fixture must be vibrated over a frequency range of 20 to 500 Hz, with a maximum acceleration of 10 

Gs. 

(2) The fixture must then be vibrated from 500 to 2,000 Hz, with a maximum acceleration of 

15 Gs. The duration of each sweep must be 10 minutes. 

(3) After vibrating, the light fixture must be inspected. Mechanical failure of any 

component, loosening of any part or fastener, loss of continuity during testing, or any discernible 

movement of lamps in lamp holders during the test is cause for rejection. If the lamp is damaged, it must 

be replaced, the shunt removed, and the test rerun, with the maximum G loading being 3 Gs. After 

performance of the second test, breakage of the lamp filament and/or envelope is cause for rejection. 

4.5.1.2. Shock Test. 

a. For L-850 type light fixtures, the assembled unit must be mounted rigidly on either a 1-inch 

thick (25.40 mm) steel plate or a 4-inch (101.60 mm) or thicker concrete base. The dimensions of the 

steel or concrete base must be at least 3×3 feet (0.91×0.91 m). 

b. The light fixture must be turned on at full brightness for at least 2 hours prior to starting the 

test. With the light still on at full brightness, a case hardened steel ball weighing 5 pounds (2.27 kg) must 

be dropped on the center of the top of the light fixture from a height of 6 feet (1.83 m), 10 times with a 5-

minute interval between each drop. Upon conclusion of the test, the light fixture must be opened to 

determine if the optical assembly has been damaged or any component displaced. Any evidence of 

damage inclusive of lamp and filament is cause for rejection. 

4.5.1.3. Horizontal Shear Test. 

This test simulates the shearing load applied to the top of any in-pavement fixture by a braking aircraft 

tire. 

a. A bar must be attached (welded) to the top of the fixture so it is parallel to the runway 

centerline when the light is installed. 

b. The ends of the bar should extend beyond the edges of the fixture to facilitate loading. 

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September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

c. The light fixture, attached to a base receptacle or facsimile, and torqued to manufacturer’s 

specifications, must be installed in a press with the attached bar in line with the piston of the press. 

d. A load of 3,000 pounds (1,360.70 kg) must be applied to the end of the bar by the press. The 

load must be applied and release 20 times to each end of the bar. 

e. Any structural damage, movement of any part, or loosening of fasteners must be cause for 

rejection. 

4.5.2. Thermal Tests. 

4.5.2.1. Low Temperature Test. 

a. The light must be totally immersed in water. 

b. While immersed, the fixture must be subjected to a low temperature of -40 degrees F (-40 

degrees C) for 24 hours. 

c. The cold soak must be followed immediately by operation at rated current for 30 minutes or 

until free from ice, whichever comes first. This must be repeated for a total of three cycles. 

d. Any evidence of damage must be cause for rejection. 

4.5.2.2. Cycling and Thermal Shock Test. 

a. The light fixture must be subjected to an on-off cycling test by operating the unit at rated 

current at room temperature (dry) for not less than 4 hours. 

b. The fixture must then be de-energized and immediately submerged under at least 1 foot 

(304.80 mm) of water for at least 4 hours. The temperature of the water before submersion of the fixture 

must be 41 degrees F (5 degrees C) or lower. This cycle must be repeated a total of three times, and the 

fixture must be immediately inspected at the completion of the third cycle. Any evidence of glass 

breakage or lens damage, any leakage of water into the optical assembly, or damage to any part of the 

fixture must be cause for rejection. 

4.5.2.3. Surface Temperature Test. 

a. Tests must be conducted to demonstrate that the maximum temperature on top of the inset 

light does not exceed 320 degrees F (160 degrees C), when the light is covered with the tire of a heavy 

ground vehicle of at least 6,000 pounds (2721.50 kg) gross vehicle weight (GVW) rating for a period of 

10 minutes. 

b. Before this 10-minute test period, the light unit must be operated at high intensity for at least 

2 hours in still air with an ambient temperature of at least 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). The fixture must 

use the lowest transmissivity filter to be qualified. The thermocouple must be located between the hottest 

point of the fixture and the tire to register the test temperature. 

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AC 150/5345-46C September 12, 2006 

4.5.3. Water Tests. 

4.5.3.1. Hydraulic Impact Test. 

a. Fort in-pavement type light fixtures, the light assembly must be submerged in water to a 

depth of approximately 1/2 inch (12.70 mm). 

b. The upper surfaces of the light fixture around the windows must be encased in a leak-proof 

metal housing with a 1-3/4 inch (44.45 mm) diameter steel piston. 

c. The chamber must be filled with water and purged of all air. 

d. A 5-pound (2.27 kg) steel ball must be dropped from a height of 6 feet (1.83 m) onto the 

piston. 

e. The light must not have any mechanical failure, optical damage, or water penetration into the 

optical cavity after this test has been repeated five times. 

4.5.3.2. Leakage Test. 

a. This test must be performed after the assembled light unit has successfully passed the 

vibration test, impact test, hydraulic impact test, and load test. 

b. Prior to performing this test, the wire leads must be subjected to a 30-pound (13.61 kg) 

tension for 5 minutes to test the integrity of the seal where the leads enter the fixture. 

c. The entire assembly must then be submerged in water at least 3 inches (76.20 mm) below the 

surface, subjected to an internal air pressure of 20 psi (137.90 kPa) and maintained for a period of 10 

minutes. 

d. Any leakage must be cause for rejection. Leakage tests on production units may use this 

method, a gas leak detector, or other approved method to ensure that the optical assembly is watertight. 

4.5.4. Accelerated Life Test. 

a. An accelerated life test must be performed on in-pavement light fixtures. 

b. The light fixture must be set in dry sand and stabilized to a temperature of at least 131 

degrees F (+55 degrees C), simulating its installation in pavement. The sand must be at least 5 inches 

(127.00 mm) thick around the sides and bottom of the light assembly. The sand must fill any openings in 

the light assembly that would be below pavement level. Only Class 2 fixtures must be mounted to a 

standard L-868 base that is buried in sand. 

c. The unit must be operated for at least one-half the minimum rated lamp life at rated current. 

Light units supplied with filters should have the lowest transmissivity filter in place during this test. After 

this, all sand must be removed and the photometric performance of the unit must be measured per 

paragraph 4.3. Intensities must not be less than 80 percent of the intensities specified in the appropriate 

table. 

d. After this test, the light assembly must be taken apart and thoroughly examined. Any 

deformation, blistering, evidence of heat damage, or corrosion must be cause for rejection. 

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4.5.5. Insulation Resistance Check. 

The fixtures must be subjected to a 500-volt insulation resistance test (lead-to-case). The initial resistance 

must be at least 50 meg-ohms. The light assembly must then be operated for 1 hour at rated current and 

must be immediately submerged in a saturated salt-water solution except for the ends of the leads. The 

resistance test must be repeated. Resistance must be at least 50 meg-ohms. 

4.5.6. Protective Plating Test. 

Zinc plating must be tested by the appropriate method described in ASTM B 633. 

4.6. Elevated Light Tests. 

4.6.1. High Temperature Test. 

a. A high temperature test must be conducted per MIL-STD-810F, Method 501.4, Procedure II. 

b. The equipment must be subjected to 3 cycles according to Table 501.4-II except that the 

temperature must be adjusted upward so that the maximum is 131 degrees F (55 degrees C). 

c. The fixture must be installed in a normal operating configuration and must be operated 

throughout the test. 

d. Any deterioration in the materials or performance is cause for rejection. 

e. This test must be run with the highest wattage lamp and lowest transmissivity filter to be 

qualified. 

f. A separate test must be run to demonstrate the performance of any nonmetallic yield device at 

high temperature. 

4.6.2. Low Temperature Test. 

a. A low temperature test must be conducted per MIL-STD-810F, Method 502.4, Procedure II. 

b. The fixture must operated and then cold soaked (fixture off) at the storage/shipping 

temperature (-67 degrees F (-55 degrees C) for one hour. The test chamber must then be ramped to the 

-40 degree F (-40 degree C) equipment operating temperature at no more than 6 degrees F (3 degrees C) 

per minute to prevent thermal shock to the equipment. 

c. With input power off, the fixture must be exposed to a 24-hour soaking period at -40 degrees 

F (-40 degrees C). After the cold soak, the fixture must be energized. 

d. Any deterioration in materials or performance is cause for rejection. 

e. A separate test must be run to demonstrate the performance of any “pop-out” or nonmetallic 

yield device at low temperature. 

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4.6.3. Rain Test. 

A rain test must be conducted per MIL-STD-810F, Method 506.4, Procedure I, Rain and blowing rain, 

with a rain rate of 5.2 inches/hr (132.08 mm/hr). The test duration must be 30 minutes per side. Any 

leakage of water into the lamp body must be cause for rejection. 

4.6.4. Salt Fog Test. 

If the fixture has external metal components, a salt fog test must be conducted on the assembled light 

fixture per MIL-STD-810F, Method 509.4. Any evidence of damage, rust, pitting, or corrosion is cause 

for rejection. 

4.6.5. Yield Device. 

a. All tests, demonstrating compliance to the requirements of paragraph 3.4.2.1 (3.4.2.1.1 for L804) must be performed with the light unit fully assembled at nominal height (14 inches or 355.60 mm) 

and mounted to a rigidly secured base plate. 

b. The load must be applied to the body at a point just below the lens, no faster than 50 pounds 

(222.41 N) per minute until the minimum bending moment of paragraph 3.4.2.1 (3.4.2.1.1 for L-804) is 

achieved. 

c. After it has been determined that the light unit will sustain this load without damage, the 

loading must continue at the same rate until yielding at the yield point occurs. 

d. For “pop-out” or other friction-type devices, the test must be repeated 10 times on the same 

device to check for loosening of the attachment. 

e. The test must be repeated on five frangible fittings. Temperature tests for nonmetallic yield 

devices must also be conducted at -40 degrees F and 131 degrees F (-40 degrees C and +55 degrees C 

(±15 degrees)). 

f. Failure of any of the devices to meet the requirements of paragraph 3.4.2.1 (3.4.2.1.1 for 

L-804) or damage to any part of the light unit before the yield device gives, is cause for rejection. For 

friction type devices, the manufacturer must provide data on how many “pop-outs” may be expected 

before the device falls below the minimum yield value. 

4.6.6. Solar Radiation Test. 

A sunshine test must be conducted per MIL-STD-810F, Method 505.4, Procedure II, Steady state (actinic 

effects), for all light fixtures with nonmetallic non-glass exterior parts. The material must be subjected to 

a minimum of 56 cycles. At the conclusion of the test, any evidence of deterioration or alteration of the 

light fixture is cause for rejection. For plastic optical lenses or covers, the photometric performance must 

be measured after this test. Certification from the plastic manufacturer that the material has previously 

passed this test may be provided in lieu of performing the test. 

4.6.7. Wind Test. 

The manufacturer must demonstrate (by wind test or static loading) that, when subjected to the wind 

requirements in paragraph 3.2, no part of the light, mounting system, or yield device is damaged, and the 

light does not sway more than 1 inch (25.40 mm) with exception of L-804 that must not sway more than 2 

32 
September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

inches (50.80 mm). If a light for snow areas is offered (paragraph 3.4.2), it must also be wind tested. No 

plastic deformation must result from the wind-loading test. 

4.6.8. Certification. 

The manufacturer must furnish a certification from the lamp manufacturer that the proposed lamp will 

meet the lamp life requirements. Evidence must be submitted that the lens conforms to the requirements 

of paragraph 3.8. 

4.6.9. L-804 Operational Test. 

An operational test, using the appropriate electrical power mode, must be conducted on the L-804 to 

demonstrate flash rate, flash duration, intensity control, vertical adjustment, and any other required 

operational features inclusive of visual verification of tethering device attachment. 

4.6.10. Elevated Light Insulation Test. 

The fixtures must be subjected to a 500-volt insulation resistance test (lead-to-case). The initial resistance 

must be at least 50 meg-ohms. The light assembly, must then be operated for 1 hour at rated current and 

retested - resistance must be at least 50 meg-ohms. 

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September 12, 2006 AC 150/5345-46C 

CHAPTER 5. PRODUCTION TESTING. 

5.1. Testing. 

a. Each fixture must be energized and visually inspected for proper operation. 

b. The optical assembly of all in-pavement fixture must be pressurized internally to 20 psi 

(137.90 kPa) and tested for leaks. 

c. A sampling of all in-pavement and elevated fixtures must be subjected to the photometric 

tests. 

d. In the photometric tests, the fixtures must meet the requirements of paragraph 3.3. 

e. For conventional testing, sampling is defined by ANSI/ASQ Z1.4-1993, Inspection Level II, 

Acceptance Quality Level (AQL) 2.5. For Statistical Process Control (SPC) systems, sampling must be 

per ANSI/EIA557 and must show statistical capability with a Cpk>1.0 and σ>3.0. 

f. If abbreviated photometric test methods are used for production testing, these methods must 

have prior approval by the certifying agent. 

5.2. Production Test Records. 

Records showing actual test results of all tests required by paragraph 5.1 must be maintained for three 

years by the manufacturer. All records must be traceable to the units tested by serial number or test lot. 

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36