LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

A-1

a: annum (year) 

A: present value of future core losses ($/watt) (see also B) 

AEO: Annual Energy Outlook, DOE/EIA publication 

AL: aluminum 

ANOPR: advance notice of proposed rulemaking 

ANSI: American National Standards Institute 

B: present value of future coil losses ($/watt) 

BBRS: Board for Building Regulations and Standards 

BC: bill calculator 

B/C: benefit/cost (ratio) 

BEA: U.S. Bureau of Economic Affairs 

BIL: basic impulse insulation level 

BLM: Bureau of Land Management 

BT: Building Technologies (DOE/EERE) 

CAPM: Capital Asset Pricing Model 

CBECS: Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey 

CEA: Canadian Electricity Association 

CFR: Code of Federal Regulations 

C&I: commercial and industrial 

CO2: carbon dioxide 

CSA: Canadian Standards Association 

CSL: candidate standard level 

CU: copper 

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

A-2

DL: design line (followed by a number indicating which design line) 

DOE: U.S. Department of Energy 

DOJ: U.S. Department of Justice 

EA: environmental assessment 

EERE: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DOE) 

EIA: Energy Information Administration (DOE) 

EJ: exajoule 

EO: Executive Order 

ELCAP: End-Use Load and Consumer Assessment Program 

EMM: Electricity Market Model 

EPA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

EPACT 2005: Energy Policy Act of 2005 

EPCA: Energy Policy and Conservation Act 

ERP: equity risk premium 

FEMA: U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency 

FEMP: U.S. Federal Energy Management Program 

FERC: U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 

FR: Federal Register 

g: gram 

GDP: gross domestic product 

GRIM: Government Regulatory Impact Model 

GW: gigawatt 

H-O DR: laser-scribed M3 core steel 

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

A-3

HTS: high-temperature superconducting 

HV: high-voltage 

HVAC: heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning 

Hz: hertz 

I

2

R: resistance 

ID: load identification 

IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 

IMBUILD: Impact of Building Energy Efficiency Programs 

IMPLAN: Impact Analysis for Planning 

INPV: industry net present value 

IOU: investor-owned utility 

IRFA: initial regulatory flexibility analysis 

J: joule 

kV: kilovolt 

kVA: kilovolt-ampere (transformer size rating) 

kWh: kilowatt-hour

LBNL: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 

LCC: life-cycle cost 

LF: load factor 

LL: load losses 

LV: low-voltage 

M*: M2, M3, M4, M6 – thickness of core steel 

MIA: manufacturer impact analysis 

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

A-4

Mt: million tonnes 

MV: megavolt; also medium-voltage 

MVA: megavolt-amperes 

MW: megawatt 

NAICS: North American Industry Classification System 

NCI: Navigant Consulting, Inc. (formerly Arthur D. Little, Inc.) 

NEEP: Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnership 

NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association 

NEMS: National Energy Modeling System 

NEMS-BT: a variant of NEMS used by DOE/EERE/BT; extends simulation to year 

2025 

NEMS-BT2: a version of NEMS-BT that extends simulation to year 2050 

NEPA: National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 

NES: national energy savings 

NL: no-load losses 

NOM: Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (official Mexican standards)

NOPR: notice of proposed rulemaking 

NOx: nitrogen oxides 

NPV: net present value 

NRCan: Natural Resources Canada 

NYSERDA: New York State Energy Research and Development Authority 

OEE: Office of Energy Efficiency 

OEM: original equipment manufacturer 

OIRA: Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs 

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

A-5

OMB: Office of Management and Budget 

OPS: Optimized Program Service, Inc. 

ORNL: Oak Ridge National Laboratory 

PBP: payback period 

PC: product class 

PPI: producer price index 

PRF: peak responsibility factor 

quad: quadrillion Btu 

RIA: regulatory impact analysis 

RMS: root mean square 

RTP: real-time pricing 

SA1: Metglas amorphous core material 

SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission 

SIC: Standard Industrial Classification 

SO2: sulfur dioxide 

SMUD: Sacramento Municipal Utility District 

TDM: tariff data model 

TP 1: NEMA’s Guide for Determining Energy Efficiency for Distribution 

Transformers 

TL: total losses 

TMY: typical meteorological year 

TOC: total owning cost 

TOU: time of use 

TSD: technical support document 

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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

A-6

TWh: terawatt-hour 

UL: Underwriters Laboratories 

URL: uniform resource locator 

U.S.C.: United States Code 

V: volt 

W: watt 

Y: w ye-type transformer terminal connection 

ZDMH: mechanically scribed, deep-domain refined core steel 

Φ: phase 

 

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