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Section on Eradication 

formed by the end of February and beginning of March 2004. Six months after 

the slaughter of affected and contact animals. 

The category of bovine animals under 18 months of age and the category of 

animals under 12 months (animals during the emergency in September- October) were taken as indicators of viral activity, in accordance with OIE CODE 

stated in Annex 3.8.7 (Preliminary Guidelines for the Regaining of Recognition 

for a Foot and Mouth Disease Free Country or Zone Status) 

Only the establishments with said categories were included in the investigation, 

with a result of 14 out of 22 establishments originally sampled. 

Animals were grouped in two categories, 6 to 12 months and 12 to 18 months of 

age. 

3 ABC ELISA - EITB methods were used to identify antibodies to non structural 

proteins in FMDV. 

Analised samples (345 bovine sera) in the 14 establishments located in the 

perifocal area. Results: 

Bovines 6 to 12 Bovines 12 to 18 

TOTAL 

months months 

- - ~, - - — IEstabl. 

ELISA ' 

EITB + I~, n I 

ELISA 

I EITB +' 

N ~ ELISA 

EITB + ! 

I N ; 3ABC + 3ABC +'' 3ABC + i 

_ 

1- 

1 2` 

0 

2~ 

0 

~ 1-~ 

°I 4 

~ 1 

-°'. 

2 I 13 

_ 

-0

i - 

_ _ _ OI 

_ 

. ~ 

0~ 

- 

tJ I 

I 

19 0 ~ - ~ ° 

~ 3* _ - 

i 123 0 0 

- ~_ 

80 

~ - 

0 0 

_ 

203' 

~ 

__ 0 

-- ~ 

— 

° 

i -- - -- 

°I' _ - -- t) 5 8 -- -_ oI ~ - _ _ 0 ;- -

1

- 

6} °~ _ ~ ! 14' 51 ~ 

~, 

_ 

_ O' 6 i _ 151;- - . 0, 0 I 6 I - 0 I - 

0 21 ~ - _ 0, , -- 0 i _ - 1 1 I 

O

I 

~ °I~ 0 

I 0_ . - °I __ _~ 11 - -- 0 0' 

' 

8 ' 6 1' 1 0 7 ; Oi 

, 

0, 1 3, 1 ~ 0 

9 3, 0, 0,' 7 0

i 0,! 10 ', 0 0 

10 13', 0, 0 3' 0 0' 16' 0' 0 

'! 1 6 ; i) 

0... 

1 ,, `.~ , '.~ . : n n 

4 n n 

0 0 ~ 

0 

U 

;~ - 
O.I. E. - Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on Eradication 

- - — - - - - - _ -- _ - - - -- 

Bovines 6 to 12 Bovines 12 to 18 

TOTAL ~ I months i months 

I

EstabL 

- - - 

ELISA ELISA ~ - ELISA -- 

N EITB + 

i 

 - - n ~ ~ EITB + N EITB + ~ 

3ABC + 3ABC + ; 3ABC + 

-- -- _-_ - - —_ 

8~ TOTAL ~ 

223 ---- 0 ~ __ 0 122 - 0 1 -. 0 345 

— 2+I- 0. f-- 

— 

Absence of antibodies to non structural proteins in FMDV, population under 

study proved the absence of viral activity. 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on Eradication 

MAP 1 

QUADRANTS AFFECTED BY FOOT AND MOUTH 

DISEASE- BOLIVIA - 2003 

o' 

1". 

2 ., 

3°. 

4' 

5° 

6` 

7° 

3` 

~ -. 

S 

70 69" 68 67 66 65 64' 63 62 61° 60" 59 58` 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on Eradication 

MAP 2 

 . BZ3L1VCA ATENCIONDElAEMERGENCIASANYTARIA 

Frontcra :i ~ ge ~ ttinc~ -pyi~~ gu:~ ya 

A R t. A G 1 

F o R K1. 4 5 A ~ , 

> l.. 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on Eradication 

MAP 3 

P:' ~~ `• I ~~ i\ 1 ~ ! '•kLCk 

"r l:~ fitl: .•1 :.: t Un7:,.J .. .... 

L ~ 

~ 

c _ . 

(~ 

A _ 
O.I. E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on Eradication 

6. Animal identification — Movement control 

Farmers in Argentina are required to identify cattle by branding and sheep, 

goats and pigs with an ear tag. 

Animal identification is the only method to demonstrate ownership of the animals. 

By law, farmers must identify the animals within a specified time alter they are 

born. 

The brand used by the farmer is registered at the Brand Registration Office in 

each province. 

Identification of animals prior to shipment is a requirement to issue the shipment 

document. 

SENASA Resolution N° 15 and 391/2003 requires individual identification of 

bovines with an ear tag. To date, this requirement only applies to animals that 

will be slaughtered for export. 

Movements of animals to any destination and for any purpose should be accompanied by the following documents: 

Animal Transit Document (DTA) issued by offices authorized by SENASA, as 

stated in Resolution 848/98. 

Movement Document (°Guia") issued by the competent provincial authority. To 

request a"guia" farmers must present the DTA. 

Truck wash and disinfection certificate issued by truck washing facilities approved by SENASA. 

AII Local SENASA Offices keep records on the farmers, establishments and 

livestock population in their jurisdiction. Said records are updated with the information collected at the time of the vaccination campaign and with every arrival and shipment of animals from and to the farms. 

Local SENASA Offices also keep records on the trucks that are approved by 

SENASA to transport animals, as required in Resolution N° 97/99. 

.As the Animai Health Enforcement Authority, SENASA performs controls and 

ii!spectlons at strate~y ic points. Sald controls and inspectinns inclLlde 

e L<ocuiiic^ntatioie ''.ontrols, 

4 -.ntifratinn ^afit=i;(,ry hrFsF3C7 Cendt°'i Soecie.s hrandinq 

!iUrnUCl vi d!liil-ia15, irti.. 
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. A clinical observation to determine the health of the animals. 

Resolution N° 178I2001 requires transit controls and states SENASA's authority 

to perForm said verifications, inspections and audits. 

Any animal or herd that is shipped without the DTA is immediately sent to sanitary slaughter, as required in current statutes. 

When a herd arrives to the point of destination the farmer must report the arrival 

of the animals and submit the corresponding DTA to the Local SENASA Office 

in the area. 
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Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

11.4. SECTION ON THE LIVESTOCK INDUSTRY AND THE VETERINARY 

SYSTEM 

Provide in this section, if appropriate, all additional information that would be 

useful for the report. Make reference, when needed, to documents that could be 

included in the annex. Please, provide a brief answer to the following items: 

1. Response to FMD outbreaks 

. Policy (emergencies, plans, financing) 

In response to the emergency animal health situation in 2001, legal and financial measures were adopted, to establish effective actions and ensure the continuity of operations if other emergencies were to arise in the future. 

The measures included the legal authority for the President of SENASA to declare a sanitary emergency and take summary actions in response, an increase 

in the budget allocation to meet the needs of the emergency situation with resources from the Treasury and ad hoc multilateral financing (Decree 394/2001). 

On September 1 s', 2003, some articles of this rule were modified by Decree 

680/2003, retuming to the previous framework due to the emergency solution. 

The guidelines to respond to an FMD outbreak were updated to include biosafety measures, new area delimitations, and the actions to be applied in each 

area (Resolutions 779/99, 478199, 383/2001, 192/2001; 35/2002 and the Procedures Manual for FMD Outbreak Response). 

Regional Animal Health Emergency Teams were created in strategic parts of 

the country to respond and eradicate emergencies that requiere immediate action by specially trained specialists. 

A manual that describes the actions that should be put in place in the event of a 

suspect case, notification and/or detection of an outbreak of the disease was 

developed vvithin the framework of the "del Plata Basin Agreement to Eradicate 

c.... ♦ .J fln +t~ D~cc~cc" i uut anu ivi ^vuu, 1 ~ 

 Tha rinci~ ment is hased on the epidemiologicai criteria and nomenclature defined by the O.I.E. The manuai describes general and 

specific sanitary actions to he adopted by previously trained offcial assigned 

resconsibility for respondinq tn the errergency, the legai tramework of the o;- 

.. _: c__ ~. m ~ .. Fiirtharmnra inr-ai veternn arv uitvsiciaris t7ave a PiuLeuuies ivlaiiva, i :; i - raii✓ 

.~ _: ..-... . ;. 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free /area v ✓ith Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

tional Animal Health Office, where all the cun-ent statutes are reunited in order 

to homogenize the criteria. 

Antigen and Vaccine Bank 

In the event of an emergency caused by the entry of an FMDV strain not included in the vaccine currently in use, effective vaccines should be readily 

available to control the outbreak and complement other zoosanitary control 

measures including stamping out. 

Argentine has a highly qualified FMD vaccine manufacturing industry with much 

experience and state-of-the-art infrastructure that meets biosafety requirements. 

The capacity to locally produce a sufficient quantity of immunogens guarantees 

the supply of new immunogens with a quality equal to the one of the vaccines 

used for systematic vaccination. 

The creation of a vaccine bank ensures the supply of vaccines and frozen antigens (-1960C), and assigns the diagnostic and control function to the Official 

SENASA Laboratory that validates and approves all series of vaccines. 

The strains that should be maintained in the bank, the type of formulation, the 

storage location and the number of doses, were defined in consultation with the 

Virology Advisory Council that includes SENASA, INTA and CEVAN. 

SENASA maintains antigens not included in the systematic vaccination, for the 

emergency vaccine, of the following strains: C3 Indaial; Asia 1 y SAT 2 (inactivated). 

Epidemiological Studies (origin, spreading) 

Reporting of a Suspect Case 

Prompt reporting of cases with symptoms compatible with FMD and other vesicular diseases is of key importance for SENASA. 

~ ,. ~ron,+ ~+~+~~tA~ a~

~.,u~~.,~~, ~ .u,,,,,,,, ,,,,,wtaniish that renorting of animals with ciear or suspect symp- ~ . _ 

toms of a vesicular disease to the Official Veterinarian or the closest public authority is mandatOrv for famlers and others in contact with animals, veterina ry 

^nySlclans, ofT!claic in thc- piibiic and private iivestock seCtnr, aJattnir rnat7aget -5, 

~u V.~-v~-~ ni nnnr-~ 1nrc -~ rSrl r ~ Iti7Pi~ C ni i:,i:']F. 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area vrith Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

When a suspect case of vesicular disease is reported to the Local SENASA 

Office, the official responsible for the response must record the notification, 

consult basic epidemiological and cadastre information about the area, make 

ready a vehicle, equipment and materials, and visit the site immediately or 

within 12 hours of the report. 

The first visit should be made to the holding where the suspect case occurred. If 

other holdings are passed en route to the affected establishment, they may be 

notified of the existing situation. Additional information may be collected at that 

time. 

After inspecting the holding and the animals that gave origin to the report, and if 

the Official Veterinarian regulations rules out the presence of the disease, he 

shall notify SENASA's head office by completing the Protocol for Notification/Suspect Case of FMD, marking Notification. 

If the Official Verinarian cannot clinically rule out the presence of FMD and before adopting preliminary preventive and biosafety measures (restraining of the 

affected holding, restriction of movements, etc.) he shall promptly requiere assistance from the field epidemiologist in the area. 

The next step shall be to declare a sanitary emergency including immediate 

measures to prevent the spreading of the agent (see section 4.1.1.). 

If the FMD outbreak is confirmed, actions shall be adopted to strengthen the 

previously adopted measures, including: 

- Delimitation of the affected area: focal, perifocal, surveillance, restraint on 

the holding and restrictions to move animals, vehicles and humans, as 

stated in Resolution N° 478/99. 

- Notification to neighbouring Local SENASA Offices. 

- Notification to SENASA head office and international bodies. 

- Epidemiological follow-up and investigation. 

- Sarlltary slaugrlter of "clll sust.eptlUle species ii ihe focal area. 

- Ring vaccination of all susceptible species in the perifocal and surveillance 

yfedS 

- ^_.°'°"fi:ie ~ m Sa ;ltation r 'the ; nffected holdlnu 

r 1iftPf tllrl ~.:a7Pi ~ 1 -1r'rfrlrl\ (1fIr. 1 IiY-rlyiai2~ J caS i.li.J r ~~~ .a .i.- ._.._ .., _,.. t;9 ~ , 

in~ 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area vrith Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

Restrictive measures in the area shall only be lifted when the risk of reinfection 

is eliminated. 

Epidemiological Follow-up in the Infected Area 

When an outbreak occurs, an immediate and effective tracing of the movements 

of animals and animal products is indispensable to control the situation and determine the origin of the outbreak. Tracing permits adequate and/or timely 

slaughter of the exposed herds and avoids the spreading of the disease. 

Depending on the number of movements, the tracing may requiere the participation of a large number of people that must be carefully and systematically coordinated. 

A) Tracing of movements of animals, animal products, and related materials to 

and from the infected holdings, including the movements in the local ofFices 

recorded by the Animal Health Management System of the affected holding. 

B) Tracing from slaughter and dairy plants. 

Tracing of fresh, chilled or frozen animal products is necessary. Movements 

must be analyzed to assess the potential risk of spreading the disease. 

C) Tracing of movements of veterinarians and others related to the farming secto r. 

Sanitary Slaughter 

SENASA requires sanitary slaughter as defined in international biosafety standards, to eliminate the source of infection. 

Sanitary slaughter is performed by an interdisciplinary team of SENASA, led by 

an Official Veterinarian. 

The slaughter is performed with the support of law enforcement authorities 

when firearms are required. 

Eiimination of affected anirnais (diseased and contacts) s,iaii bc carded ol:t 

through two methods depending on the resuits of th risk assessment 

oiomn ~ r,r._e;:1; ~ x;ith ,-- eiTC buri.".1 ~lp•~ na~ ..~~ —... 

?^.` eareit-an" lslaur'fntu ~ 
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Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

2. Veterinary System 

Statutes 

Law N° 23.899 and Law N° 17.160, Decree 1585/96 modified by Decrees 

394/2001 and 680/2003 (see Annex III Legal Frame). 

. Official Veterinary Services 

In Argentina, SENASA (National Animal Health and Agrifood Quality Service) is 

the government agency responsible for adopting programs to control animal 

diseases. SENASA is part of the Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries 

and Foods (SAGPyA) which in turn report to the Economy and Production Ministry. 

Decree 1585/96 defines the organizational structure of SENASA after the 

merger of the former SENASA (National Animal Health Service), an office created in 1990 by Law 23.899, and the IASCAV (Argentine Plant Health and Quality Institute). SENASA is responsible for health issues related to animal and 

plant products to protect the health of consumers, including the control of food 

quality. Furthermore, SENASA is responsible for controlling shipments within 

the country, and inspecting imported and exported animals, animals and plants 

and their products and by-products, agriproducts, pharmacological and veterinary products, agrochemicals and fertilizers. 

The main Animal Health area includes: 

- The NATIONAL ANIMAL HEALTH OFFICE [DIRECCION NACIONAL DE 

SANIDAD ANIMAL (DNSA)] 

- The NATIONAL AGRIFOOD INSPECTION OFFICE [DIRECCION NACIONAL DE FISCALIZACION AGROALIMENTARIA (DNFA)] 

- The LABORATORIES AND TECHNICAL CONTROL OFFICE [DIRECCION 

DE L ABORATORIOS Y CONTROL TECNICO (DILACOT)] 

niAT!nINJAt ANIMAL HFAI TH OFFICE (DNSA) 

n r;m,, ..±,nrf ~.n•, +•71 1 ;r, n prari!r:iiin(1 anirrlal i11SFaSf'S 8no e(1$UrInQ !, ~.Of)lPl!- 
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Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

General goals: 

- To formulate, propose and assess programs to eradicate infectious and 

parasitic diseases of animals, and zoonosis. 

- To schedule, implement and audit disease eradication programs. 

- To co-ordinate epidemiological actions to control endemic, exotic, or emerging diseases in the country. 

- To control sanitary and hygiene aspects of movements of animals, and issue 

pertinent authorizations (certificates). 

DNSA comprises 381 veterinary physicians and the following units: 

EPIDEMIOLOGY OFFICE 

ANIMAL QUARANTINE OFFICE 

ANIMAL HEALTH CAMPAIGNS OFFICE 

GENERAL FIELD OFFICE 

REGIONAL SUPERVISORY OFFICES (23, not including 2 that report to Southern Patagonia Office). 

LOCAL OFFICES (305, not including the Southern Patagonia Office) 

The Animal Quarantine Office has an advisory body, the Technical Quarantine 

Advisory Committee formed by the National Farming Technology Institute 

(INTA), Animal Virology Center (CEVAN), several Schools of Veterinary Medicine and SENASA, created by SENASA Resolution N° 369/2001. 

EPIDEMIOLOGY OFFICE 

The Epidemiology Office is responsible for: 

- Conducting epidemiological analysis to determine the health status and con- 

~ ..1 ~ ..,... ..I iL.re ~ Lc tlol U ~ JCQJeJ ailu vuivicai ~o. 

Co-ordinating actions related to the National Epidemio-Surveillance System. 

r Supenisina hygiene and sanitani cantrnis reiated fo the moverrmer ~ t ol 
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Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

The Animal Quarantine Office is responsible for: 

- To act or propose plans, programs and sanitary regulations to prevent exotic 

diseases. 

- To formulate, propose and assess actions to eradicate exotic diseases. 

- To conduct continuous research in exotic and non-existent diseases in the 

country, spread the lavvs that rule the sanitary control and propose the current modifications on the subject. 

- To develop or participate in the proposals of sanitary regulations to prevent 

exotic and/or high risk diseases. 

- To co-ordinate continuous assessment of the potential risk of introduction or 

spread of notified diseases. 

- To participate in the modification of international protocols and sanitary 

agreements regarding the agreed requirements and certifications. 

- To propose sanitary standards oriented to reduce the potential risks of introduction of exotic and/or high risk diseases in animals, reproduction materials, animal products and by-products that may carry and/or help spreading 

the mentioned diseases. 

- To develop a database about the world zoosanitary situation and update 

constantly this information. 

- To organize and keep updated the Records of the Office. 

ANIMAL HEALTH CAMPAIGNS OFFICE 

The Animal Health Campaigns Office is responsible for: 

- Planning and designing campaigns to prevent, control and eradicate animal 

diseases. 

- Conducting on-going research in endemic diseases and developing proposats to amend current statutes. 

_ ro-ordinatinnari nrnviding technical assistance to deploy, control and audit . y.... .n _ ~ . 

disease eradication programs. 

Gh- IVEFZL11 FIEL D IJFFII^iE 

tn„L 4M °rpvPn", ~nnt ~ c;' and eiadic:tc arimal 

ciiseases as ueil ~ ieU iri tliG 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

- Verifying compliance of the sanitary actions required by the Animal Health 

Laww and applicable rules. 

- Inspecting cattle movements, approving facilities and issuing certifications. 

REGIONAL SUPERVISORS 

Responsibilities: 

- Supervision of actions to prevent, control and eradicate diseases, and conduct epidemiological surveillance. 

- Supervision and inspection of compliance with statutes, and organization 

and operation of local SENASA Offices. 

- Assessment of field staff performance. 

- Official representation of SENASA in their area. 

LOCAL VETERINARIANS 

Responsibilities: 

- Prevention, control and eradication actions in their area, as required by the 

disease eradication programs. 

- Acting in response to reported and suspected cases, and outbreaks of diseases, in addition to epidemio-surveillance and continuous monitoring actions. 

- Implementation of animal health actions, and compliance with current rules. 

- Control and inspection of cattle movements and shipments, and issuance of 

certificates. 

- Updating of the register of farmers, establishments, livestock numbers, and 

movements, and performing animal health and administrative controls in 

their area. 

At the iocal level, actions are carried out by the Local Veterinarians in the 305 

Local SENASA Offices that are strategically distributed throughout the country 

that report to the 23 Regional Supervisors. The Regional SupPrvisors in turn 

1er;o rA rdi rectl ytn tn e O61ior'aI Field Offce _at SE_NASA'S head office. 

D 0R rLD Ef... fD_ . . .<-, 

AVn A ~ 

. 

~ 

. 

r i r :"~%ln Ir.l C I C` I" ~~,"~ I,'l\I ~ 1[ . . . . . . . .. .. . . . 

r^ 

.. 
O.I. E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

At a national level, DNFA is responsible for ensuring that slaughter plants, 

processing plants and/or storage facilities for animal and plant products and byproducts (edible and inedible), comply with hygiene and sanitary regulations. 

DNFA is also responsible for approving all establishments that slaughter and/or 

process products derived from farm animals. The Veterinary Inspection Services are responsible for said controls and nationally approved plants that process for export and for the domestic market. At slaughter plants, SENASA has 

approximately 434 official veterinarians and almost 1000 assistant veterinary 

technicians who perform the ante mortem and post mortem inspections of the 

animals sent to slaughter. 

INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC WITH THE CO-ORDINATION OF BORDERS AND 

FEDERAL TRAFFIC 

LABORATORIES AND TECHNICAL CONTROL OFFICE (DILACOT) 

DILACOT is the National Reference Laboratory for food safe and animal and 

plant health. It has two Offices: the Animal Laboratory and the Plant Laboratory. 

Additionally, it has Regional Laboratories and a Network of National Laboratories approved by SENASA in different parts of the country. 

DI LACOT: 

- Defines the test methods and protocols used by the National Reference 

Laboratory and the laboratories of SENASA's National Network of Laboratories. 

- Participates in dispute resolution. 

- Confirms positive results issued by the laboratories of the National Network. 

- Initiates and participates in inter-laboratory tests. 

- Periodically controls the Network of Laboratories. 

- Assists other SENASA offices in assessing analytical test results. 

. ~ ani^inat .,p.... ~~ ~r~ :ir)fiatlPl:i iiilPs ir; it4 ... r."... .. ~ ~i~ 4Cj vf L~ Xp ~ rtlS ~. ~~ it1 .-. . ~~ i;ltern a t i Qifal 

i vlq iVVIIe%./liiliiciiiarivil:, 

~~~ --:~-+~ r~+ 

- 

~ r,nr tnri i:.f~ ticyaiui ~ iu v:fii.iu' ~ ~ 3uvra:.,, Cf'.. ~. ~. .,. .. , 

..;a ~ ii:~ i.. ~ ,.•, ~ r. • ,. -,._ ~ .. ~ ._ : .: -... ,n,.r n , . . 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

working at 9 Regional Laboratories (1 is located in Southern Patagonia) that are 

strategically located around the country. 

. The Role of Society, Farmers and the Industry 

The participation of the whole society in the Foot and Mouth Eradication Program is organized through the National Foot and Mouth Committee 

(CONALFA), the Provincial Animal Health Committees (COPRASAS), the Local 

Animal Health Committees (COPROSAS) and the Local Sanitaries bodies. 

The specific role of each one of the players creates a solid structure to carry out 

the Program that includes SENASA and three operational levels. 

a) National Foot and Mouth Eradication Committee (CONALFA) 

This Committee allows the various interested parties (govemment and nongovernment) to participate in the analysis and definition of eradication policies. 

The Committee is chaired by the President of SENASA, and includes representatives of public and private bodies in the livestock sector. 

b) Provincial Animal Health Committee (COPROSA) 

The purpose of these Committees is to adapt the strategies developed by 

SENASA and present technical proposals suited to the province they represent. 

Its functions are to co-ordinate the actions of the Local Animal Health bodies in 

their area, and submit reports and suggestions on technical and administrative 

issues to the National Committee, with the specified frequency and format, or as 

required. 

c) Local Animal Health bodies (349, not including the offices located in 

Patagonia) 

These bodies are responsible for carrying out actions specified in the Provincial 

and Federal animal health policies, as well as planning, fmplementing and assessing these acj1oIlS cll IfIC IVl;aI Ieve1 I11 addltloil 4nesc bodie:^

i silbrt'1!1 k%ry_ 

gram-related technicai and administrative reporis altu f,roposals to t ~le F'rovirItarRlP.rS -aSS()CIaIlOr1S Pe.Qerai cll!ti OIUVlfit':Ic3i roiitllidi Hc:aitfl r'iuiilvri'ticS. an,, 1 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

other important bodies in their area. Their structure is based on an Administration Council, and an Operations Team (Resolution N° 108, 632/02 and the Foot 

and Mouse Disease Law). 

d) The industry 

Technical experts of livestock related industries slaughter plants, dairy plants 

and by-products, veterinary drug manufactures continuously interact vvith the 

farmers and promote production and health management programs to help 

them improve the quality of their products. 

These programs contribute to the effort of, and benefit the animal health campaigns. 

. The Role of Veterinary Physicians in the Program 

Veterinarians have been part of the Eradication Program since it was launched 

through their Professional Associations that participate as members of the 

CONALFA, the Regional Committees (COPROSAS) and Local Animal Health 

bodies. 

In Argentina there are approximately 13,000 veterinary physicians of which 

5,950 are accredited by SENASA to carry out health actions for the Brucellosis 

Eradication Program and to certify Brucellosis free holdings, and 4,924 are accredited for the Tuberculosis program. 

Veterinarians in private practice are continuously in contact with, and provide 

information to the farmers regarding the required animal health measures. In 

addition they participate in the National Epidemio-Surveillance System (Resolution N° 234/96). 

Furthermore, the National Surveillance System has the support of another 323 

professionals that work in the Network of Laboratories accredited by SENASA 

and report the diagnostic test results of their laboratories. 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area vvith Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

3, The Livestock Industry 

The livestock sector plays a key role in the Argentine economy. Its exports have 

a significant impact on trade and generate intensive industrial activity with processing and manufacturing of products and-by products. 

In addition, the livestock complex (which includes all the activities related to 

farming businesses) is one of the most important players as it generates a significant gross income for the country. The analysis of the livestock sector must 

include meatpacking and dairy plants, veterinary drug manufacturers, tanneries, 

skin processing industries, and feed mills. 

Therefore the Argentine livestock sector is one of particular economic importance, and of great capacity for future development. 

Livestock farming in Argentina is based on free grazing on natural or seeded 

pastures, in large, open areas. 

Livestock operations are organised as businesses. A large number of animals 

are held on large or medium-sized operations (with over 200 animals). From the 

point of view of production volumes, small farms and subsistence farming are 

not significant. 

Most of the livestock businesses, particularly those located in the more fertile 

area, keep animals and also grow crops (mixed farming). 

Livestock in Argentina may be divided into two large production subsectors 

(cow-calf and fattening). Usually these two activities are performed on different 

establishments and in difFerent areas. The cow-calf operartions are in areas will 

less fertile soil. 

The main breeds are British, Continental, and their crosses. In subtropical and 

shrub areas in the north of Argentina, Bos Indicus and their crosses are the 

preference. 

The main dain, hraari ,, ... ~ ......, ... . ......._... ic Hnlctein nr Hnlando Arpentina.. which is mainiv found In g . , 

the dairy basins in the central part of the country. 

A, Reqional !=°rnqrarn 

F.,,,t 1 :9 n ~~~ -n t ~ t l,c ;ac a rnrritrnn stratanu 

with rieiaht7ounna countnes tu eradlGate t' iViLJ 
O.I.E. — Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Section on the livestock industry and the Veterinary System 

See section A.I. FMD Susceptible Population in the Region, in Section FMD 

Prevention. 

The five neighbouring countries have an estimated population of FMD susceptible animals of 284 million. 

Number of Susceptible Animals in Neighbouring Countries 

Countries Bovines Sheep Pigs Goats Total 

Bolivia 6,345,491 2,120,749 2,743,621 1,639,902 12,849,763 

Brazil 168,451,033 14,427,145 29,267,730 15,471,648 240,467,319 

Chile 3,601,750 3,695,062 1,716,881 727,310 9,741,003 

Paraguay 9,144,570 402,092 1,781,200 122,992 11,450,854 

Uruguay 10,366,393 12,084,505 293,674 7,399 22,751,971 

Total 197,909,237 32,729,553 35,803,106 17,314,672 284,411,147 

Source: Progress of FMD Eradcabon Programs in Soufh Amenca. PANAFTOSA, Wo tle Janeiro, 2002. 

Animal Health Situation 

The systematic and periodic information reported by the Pan American Foot 

and Mouth Disease Centre (PANAFTOSA), the bilateral agreements, and the 

joint border programs, provide data on the epidemiological status of the countries in the subregion (see section Eradication of Foot and Mouth Disease). 
PRUVINCE 

E3uenos Aires 

C iac n 

-- 

Cordoba 

Corrientes 

E'_ritre Rios 

F c,rmosa 

1.z, Parn a 

_ ~ _ ----- 

M siones 

Ftro Negr'o --- 

rla:ucTukn 

Eran I_.uis 

'>z,nta f-e ---- 

E ~ c o. (Jel Estero 

Critaniarea 

JL'I-u)

--_ __ ---- 

L a Riola 

---- 

Mt:ndoza 

5r lta 

Se n .luan 

Ti curnan 

'T'Cl`Al. 

O.I.E. - Request to Regain Status of Foot and Mouth Disease Free Area with Vaccination 

Vaccinated Bovine oer camoaiane and orovince since Anril 2001 

YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 

1°/01 2°101 1°/02 2°/02 1°103 2°/03 1 °/04 

19.520.048 

-- 

21.787.282 20.851.225 22.388.512 20.770.497 23.139.095 21.794.435' 

-~---- - 

_2.225.325 2.276.804 2.054.806 2.285.999 2.198.581 2.400.577 2.445.635 

_6.908.941 6.884.057 6.728.382 ' 7.061.180 7.023.304 7.020.699 6.835.304 2.638.476 

4.173.027 4.306.275 4.417.112 4.506.832 4.419.940 4.688.226 4.581.843 1 

4.030.718 4.399.693 4.513.828 4.711.103 4.607.030 4.726.596 4.637.573' 

1.375 079 1.533.026 1.549.541 1.541.822 1.403.243 1.612.608 1.449.681 54.341 

3.718.263 

-- 

3.898.921 3.789.266 4.339.445 4.192.433 3.880.129 4.000.477 _ 

- 

- 246.583 276.623 276.520 189.120 224.884 169.793 268.925; 

425.006 523.833 540.316 565.607 583.234 632.818 624.939 ; 

- 0 

1.407 294 

0 

1.398.870 

0 

1,625.793 

4.458 

1.561.930 

4.960 

1.688.049 

2.265 

1.607.764 

3.620 

1.532.942 

_ 

I 112.173 

6.852.690 

- - 

1.090.184 

__ 183.940 

7.096.906 

1.119.821 

0 

6.893.084 

1.213.503 

135.483 

7.151.747 

1.094.685 

99.434 

6.964.065 

1.157.779 

189.509 

7.125.323 

1.156.605 

153.810 

7.157.452 

1.232.7041 

i 1.182.883 r---- 

486.461 

201.128 L 110.437 

92,182 0 91.863 15.425 69.947 14.700 _ 70.012I 

_ 278.696 

429 825 

0 

0 

_ 220.251 

551.031 

17.805 

14.937 

217.357 

521.014 

31.000 

72.756 461.872 

204.205 '~ 

-t-- ~ _ 5.382

_ 

-- 

_ 615.080 0 489.959 247.333 562.252 283.588 599.599 11 

34.553 0 36.626 496 30.790 814 24.288 310 

109.568 0 134.643 111.264 117.919 72.013 98.673 

51.973.158 55.502.111 1 54.453.376 1 57.909.134 56.946.787 58.791.179 58.225.307 4.590.463 

" partial information up to 05/10/04 

-82-