T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3.

T he pa ne l una ni m ous l yc onc l ude s thi s c a s e i s s ui t abl e f orde c i s i on ** w ith o u t o r a l a r g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2). NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T KO U C HA , P e titio n e r- A p p e lla n t, v. J AME S E . T I L T ON a n d A. K. SCRI BN ER, R esp o n d en t s - A p p el l ees. N o. 09- 16137 D. C. No . 1 : 0 6 - c v - 0 1 6 7 2 - I EG ME MOR AN DU M *

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e E a s te rn D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia I rm aE . G onz a l e z , C hi e f J udge , P r e s i di ng S ubm i tt e d D e c e m be r19, 2011 ** B efo re: G O O D W IN , W A L L A C E , an d M cK E O W N , C i rcu i tJu d g es. C alifo rn ia state p riso n erK o u C h a ap p ea ls p ro se fr o m th e d istrict co u rt’s j udgm e ntde ny i ng hi s 28 U . S . C . § 2254 habe a s pe t i t i on. W e ha ve j ur i s di c t i on u n d e r2 8 U . S. C. § 2 2 5 3 , a n d w e a f f i rm. 

# FI LED DE C 27 2011 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS09- 16137 2 Ch ac o n t e n d s th a tth e tr i a l c o u rt ’ s c o n c l u s i o n th a th e f a i l e d t o ma k e ap r i ma f a c i e c a s e of

purpos e f

ul di s c r i m i na t i on vi ol a t e d B at son v. Kentucky , 476 U . S . 79 (1 9 8 6 ). T h e o n l y su p p o rtC h a p ro v i d ed fo r h i s P eopl e v . W heeler , 22 C a l . 3d 255 (197 8) m o t i o n wa s th a tth e p r o s e c u t o ru s e d p e r e m p t o ryc h a l l e n g e s t o d i s m i s s two H i spani c m al e pot ent i al j urors. In denyi ng the m ot i on , the tri al courti nd i ca t ed that tw o H i spani c pot ent i al j urors r em ai ned i n the j ury box and a nu m ber of others w er e le f t o n th e p a n e l. O n th a t r e c o r d , th e tr ia l c o u rt’s c o n c lu s io n th a t C h af a ile d to m a ke apr i m af

a c i e c a s e of

purpos e f

ul r a c i a l di s c r i m i na t i on w a s notc ontr a ryt o, or an un re as on abl e app l i ca t i on of B at son v. Kentucky . C haa l s o c ont e nds tha tthe r e w a s i ns uf f i c i e nte vi de nc e t o s upportthe ga ng s e nt e nc i ng e nha nc e m e nt s he r e c e i ve d unde rC a l . P e n. C ode § 186. 22( b) ( 1) . T he s t a tut e doe s notr e qui r e tha the kne w tha tthe ga ng m e m be r s ha ve e nga ge d i n a p a tte rn o f

c r im in a l g a n g a c tiv ity . See P eopl e v . G am ez , 235 C a l . A pp. 3d 957, disapp rove d o n o ther groun ds i n P eopl e v . G ardeley , 14 C a l . 4th 605, 624 n. 10 ( 1996) . T he C a l i f

orni aC ourtof

A ppe a l ’ s de t e rm i na t i on tha tthe r e w a s s uf f i c i e nt evi dence t o sup po rtthe gang se nt enci ng enhancem ent s w as no tcontraryt o, or an unr e a s onabl e appl i c a t i on of , c l e a r l ye s t abl i s he d f

e de r a l l a w a s de t e rm i ne d bythe S u p r e m e C o u rt. See 2 8 U .S .C . § 2 2 5 4 ( d ) ( 1 ) ; L ew is v. Jef f ers , 497 U . S . 764, 781 (199 0).09- 16137 3 F in a lly , C h ac o n te n d s th a t h is u p p e r - te rm s e n te n c e v io la te s h is S ix th A m e ndm e ntr i ght s be c aus e i tw a s ba s e d on a ggr a va t i ng f a c t s f ound byaj udge ra th erth an b y a ju ry . T h e C alifo rn ia C o u rt o f A p p ea l’ s d eter m in atio n th at C h a’s up per- t erm se nt ence i s c on st i tut i on al , base d o n the fa ctthathe w as on prob at i on at th e tim e o f

th e u n d e r ly in g c r im e , w a s n o t c o n tr a ryto , o ra n u n r e a s o n ab le ap p lic a tio n o f

, c le a r lye s tab lis h e d f

e d e r a l la w a s d e te rm in e d b yth e S u p r e m e C o u rt. See 2 8 U .S .C . § 2 2 5 4 ( d ) ( 1 ) ; Kessee v. Men do za -P o w ers , 5 7 4 F .3 d 6 7 5 , 6 7 7 ( 9 th C i r. 20 09 ). A ny error r el at ed t o o ther j ud i ci al fa ct -f i nd i ng w as harm l es s, because, un der C al i forni a l aw , on e a gg ra vat i ng fa ct or i s s uffi ci entt o i m po se an up per- t erm s e n te n c e . See P eopl e v . B lack , 4 1 C a l. 4 th 7 9 9 , 8 1 5 ( 2 0 0 7 ) ; se e al so B ut lerv. C u rry , 528 F . 3d 624, 642- 43 ( 9th C i r . 2008) ( e xpl a i ni ng tha tone a ggr a va t i ng fa ct or i s s uffi ci entno tw i thst andi ng the l angu age of C al . R . C t . 4. 42 0(b)). W e c ons true C ha ’ s a ddi t i ona l a r gum e nt s a s am ot i on t o e xpa nd the c e rtif ic a te o f ap p e a lab ility . S o c o n s tru e d , th e m o tio n is d e n ie d . See 9th C i r . R . 22- 1 ( e ) ; Hi i v ala v . W

ood , 19 5 F . 3d 10 98 , 11 04 -05 (9th C i r. 19 99 ) ( per c uri am ). W e c on strue C ha’ s S ept em ber 20, 20 11 l ett eras i ncl ud i ng a r equestt o fi l e a s uppl e m e nt a l m ot i on. S o c ons true d, the r e que s ti s de ni e d. A FFI R M ED .