T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3.

T he pa ne l una ni m ous l yc onc l ude s thi s c a s e i s s ui t abl e f orde c i s i on ** w ith o u t o r a l a r g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . P . 34 (a )( 2).

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(“B IA ”) . T h e B IA up h eldth e im m ig ra ti o n ju d g e’s ( “IJ” ) ru li n g th at R iv as -M ar in ’s m a i l f r aud c onvi c t i on unde r18 U . S . C . § 1341 c ons t i tut e d a n a ggr a va t e d f e l ony un der 8 U . S . C . § 1 10 1(a) (43)(M )( i ), thu s r equi ri ng hi s r em ov alt o N i cara gu a. A l though 8 U . S . C . § 1252( a ) ( 2) ( C ) pr ohi bi t s j udi c i a l r e vi e w of or de r s of r e m o v ab ilityr e s tin g o n a n a lie n ’s c o n v ic tio n f o ra n a g g r a v a te df

e lo n y , w e s till re t ai n j uri sdi ct i on “ t o d et erm i ne i f j uri sdi ct i on exi st s. ” U n u a kh a u lu v. G o n za les, 416 F . 3d 9 3 1 , 9 3 5 ( 9 th C i r . 2 0 0 5 ) ( i n t e rn a l q u o t a t i o n m a rk s o m i tt e d ) . T h u s , we m a yd e te rm in e , a s am a tte ro f la w , w h e th e rR iv a s - M a r in ’s m a il f r au dc o n v ic tio n is an aggravat ed fe l on y und er§ 1 10 1(a) (43)(M )( i ), w hi ch defi nes “ aggravat ed f e lo n y ” a s ac r im e in v o lv in g f r au do rd e c e it c au s in g m o r e th a n $ 1 0 ,0 0 0 in lo s s to v i ct i m s. T he S up re m e C ou rthas hel d thatan al i en’ s m ai l fr aud con vi ct i on un der § 1 3 4 1 is a n a g g r a v a te df

e lo n yu n d e r§ 1 1 0 1 ( a ) ( 4 3 ) ( M ) ( i) . N i j ha w an v. H

older , 129 S . C t . 2294, 2303- 04 ( 2009) . A l t e rna t i ve l y , R i va s - M a r i n’ s m a nya dm i s s i ons of fr audu l entac t i vi ty w ou l d est abl i sh the el em ent s of “ fr aud o r dec ei t ” und era m o d if ie dc a te g o r ic a l ap p r o a c h . See U ni ted States v. A gu i la-Mon tes de O ca , 655 F . 3d 915, 9 3 6 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 1 1 ) ( p e rc u r ia m ) . T h e IJ u sed“ fu n d am en t al l y fai r p ro cedu res” i n d et erm i n i n g th atv i ct i m s’ lo s s e s e x c e e d e d$ 1 0 ,0 0 0 . N i j haw an , 12 9 S . C t . at23 02 –0 3. R i vas- M ar i n w as3

o r d e r e dt o p a y$ 3 7 mi l l i o n i n r e s t i tu t i o n . H e a l s o a d mi tt e dth a th i s s c h e me i nv ol ved fraudul ent l y i nfl at i ng the val ue of se vera l re ales t at e propert i es by m ore than $ 10 0, 00 0 eac h. A tthe sam e t i m e, he offe re d n o evi dence dem on strat i ng that l osse s w er e l es s than $ 10 , 00 0. T he IJfa i rl y c on si dere d these fa ct s i n fi nd i ng that R iv a s - M a r in ’s s c h e m e c au s e dlo s s e s o f o v e r$ 1 0 ,0 0 0 . B e c aus e w e a gr e e w i th the B I A a nd the I Jtha tR i va s - M a r i n i s r e m ovabl e f or ha vi ng c om m i tt e d a n a ggr a va t e d f e l ony , w e di s m i s s hi s pe t i t i on f orl a c k of ju r is d ic tio n . See 8 U . S . C . § 1 25 2(a) (2)( C ). PETI TI O N D I SM I SSED .