WILBUR & ORVILLE WRIGHT A Bibliography Commemorating the One-Hundredth Anniversary of the First Powered Flight • December 17, 1903 NASA SP-2002-4527

A Joint Publication of the

U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission and the 

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Monographs in Aerospace History Number 27

September 2002

NASA Publication SP-2002-4527

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Office of External Relations

NASA History Office

NASA Headquarters Washington, DC 20546
National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Office of External Relations

NASA History Office

NASA Headquarters

Washington, D.C. 20546

For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office

Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, D.C. 20402-9328

WILBUR & ORVILLE

WRIGHT

A Bibliography Commemorating the One-Hundredth Anniversary of the 

FIRST POWERED FLIGHT •DECEMBER 17, 1903

Compiled by Arthur G. Renstrom

With Additional Contributions by Roberta W. Goldblatt, Carl Minkus, and Karen L. Berube 

A Joint Publication of the U. S. Centennial of Flight Commission

and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Monographs in Aerospace History

Number 27

September 2002

NASA Publication SP-2002-4527
ii Wilbur & Orville Wright

The use of trademarks or names of manufacturers in this monograph is

for accurate reporting and does not constitute an official endorsement,

either express or implied, of such products or manufacturers by the

National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Renstrom, Arthur George, 1905-1991

Wilbur & Orville Wright: a bibliography commemorating the one-hundredth

anniversary of the first powered flight, December 17, 1903 / compiled by Arthur G.

Renstrom ; with contributions by ...

p. cm. -- (Monographs in aerospace history ; no. 27)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Based on: Wilbur & Orville Wright: a bibliography commemorating the hundredth

anniversary of the birth of Wilbur Wright, April 16, 1867 / compiled by Arthur G.

Renstrom, 1968.

1. Wright, Wilbur, 1867-1912--Bibliography. 2. Wright, Orville,

1871-1948--Bibliography. 3. Aeronautics--United States--Bibliography. I. Renstrom,

Arthur George, 1985- Wilbur & Orville Wright : a bibliography commemorating the

hundredth anniversary of the birth of Wilbur Wright, April 16, 1867. II. Title. III. Series.

Z8986.33 .R3997 2002

[TL540.W7]

016.62913’0092’2--dc21

2002072663
A Bibliography iii

CONTENTS

Foreword: An Appreciation of Arthur Renstrom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Other Bibliographic References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Wilbur Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Orville Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Wilbur and Orville . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Orville and Wilbur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Interviews, Speeches, Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Biographical References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Wright Brothers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Periodical Articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Wilbur Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Orville Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Aeroplanes and Flights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

1903 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

1904 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

1906 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1907 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

1908 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

1909 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

1910 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

1911 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

1912 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

1913 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

1914 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

1915—1925 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

1926—1935 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

1936—1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

1946—1955 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

1956—1965 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

1966—1975 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

1976—1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

1986—1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

1996—2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Powerplant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Propeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Automatic Stabilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Control Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Wind Tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Patents and Patent Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
iv Wilbur & Orville Wright

Patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Belgium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Hungary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Court Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

The Wright Company Vs. The Herring—Curtiss Company and Glenn H. Curtiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

The Wright Company Vs. The Curtiss Aeroplane Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

E. E. Winkley Vs. Orville & Wilbur Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

The Wright Company Vs. Louis Paulhan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

The Wright Company Vs. Claude Grahame—White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

The Wright Company Vs. Aero Corporation Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Regina Cleary Montgomery et al. Vs. The United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Regina Cleary Montgomery et al. Vs. Wright—Martin Aircraft Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Wright Aeronautical Corporation Vs. Handley Page, Limited, Aircraft Disposal Company, Limited, and 

William H. Workman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

George Francis Myers Vs. The United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Published References to Patents and Patent Suits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Wright Companies and Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Wright—Smithsonian Controversy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Monuments and Museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Aviation Heritage National Historic Park, Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Wilbur Wright Monument, Auvours, France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Wilbur Wright Monument, Le Mans, France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Wilbur Wright Memorial, New Castle, Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Wright Brothers Monument, Pau, France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Wright Memorial, Kill Devil Hill, Kitty Hawk, North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Wright Brothers Home and Shop, Greenfield Village, Dearborn, Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Wilbur and Orville Wright Memorial, Dayton, Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Wright Hall, Carillon Park, Dayton, Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Wilbur Wright Memorial (Indiana) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Memorials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Wilbur Wright Chair of Aerodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

USS Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Wilbur Wright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Wright Brothers Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Wright Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Wilbur Wright Elementary and Junior High School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Wright Brothers Lecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Wright Brothers Memorial Wind Tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Pan American Aviation Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Aviation Day and National Aviation Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
A Bibliography v

Wright Skyway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Wright Memorial Trophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Wright Brothers Airmail Commemorative Stamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Wilbur and Orville Wright Laboratory of Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Fiftieth Anniversary of First Powered Flight Stamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Wright Brothers Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Medals and Honors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Acadamie des Sports Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Aero-Club de France Gold Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Aeronautical Society of Great Britain Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Acadamie des Sciences Gold Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Aero Club of American Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Congressional Gold Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Ohio Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Langley Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Collier Trophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Elliott Cresson Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Albert Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

John Fritz Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Washington Award . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Distinguished Flying Cross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Daniel Guggenheim Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Franklin Medal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Aircraft Pilot s Certificate No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Aviation Hall of Fame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Hall of Fame for Great Americans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Memorabilia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Aeroplanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

1903 Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

1903 Reproductions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

1905 Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

1908 Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

1909 Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

1909 Signal Corps Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

1903 Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

4-Cylinder Motor (1909) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

4-Cylinder Motor (1910) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

6-60 Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Wind Tunnel Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Medals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Papers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Poetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Motion Pictures and Film Strips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Juvenile Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
vi Wilbur & Orville Wright

Wilbur Wright (April 16, 1867 May 30, 1912).

(NASA History Office)

Orville Wright (August 19, 1871 January 30, 1948).

(NASA History Office)

Facsimile of the telegram sent by Orville Wright on December 17, 1903. Note the error in the spelling of 

Orvilles name and the error in listing the air time; the longest flight was actually 59 seconds.

(NASA History Office)
A Bibliography vii

FOREWORD

An Appreciation of Arthur Renstrom

The publication of this revised and updated edition

of the classic, Wilbur & Orville Wright: A Bibliography

Commemorating the Hundredth Anniversary of the

Birth of Wilbur Wright, April 16, 1867, is an event

worth celebrating. I have three copies of the 1968

Library of Congress original: one within easy reach at

home, one within easy reach at work, and a third copy

squirreled away just in case one of the other two goes

missing. All three copies are dog-eared and literally

coming apart at the seams. Few books in my library

have seen more use over the years. 

It is fitting to open this new edition with a few

words about the extraordinary scholar who created the

bibliography. The Wright brothers were still perfecting

their invention when Arthur George Renstrom was

born in Willmar, Minnesota, in 1905. He earned a BA

from the University of Minnesota, a BS in library science from the University of Illinois, and an MS in

library science from Columbia University. He joined

the Library of Congress staff as a cataloger in 1931,

and found his true calling when he became reference

librarian of the Aeronautics Division in 1935. Over the

next four decades, he developed a well-earned reputation as the leading American bibliographer of the air

age, with a string of important publications that included: Principal U.S. Investigations in Aeronautics, 1918-

1937 (1938); Subject Headings for the Aeronautical

Index (1940); Aeronautic Americana: A Bibliography of

Book and Pamphlets on Aeronautics Published in

America Before 1909 (1943); Aeronautics in Alaska: A

List of References (1944); United States Aviation Policy:

A Selective Bibliography (1947); and Aeropolitics: A

Selected Bibliography on the Influence of Aviation on

Society (1948).

The classic photograph of the first powered flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903. 

Orville Wright is on the airplane; older brother Wilbur looks on from the sidelines.

(NASA History Office)
Marvin W. McFarland invited Arthur Renstrom to

join him and the other Library of Congress staffers who

would produce The Papers of Wilbur and Orville

Wright (New York: McGraw—Hill, 1953) during its

formative period. The detailed bibliography that he

prepared for that publication would continue to grow

over the years, forming the basis for Wilbur and Orville

Wright: A Bibliography. Fascinated by the Wrights, 

Mr. Renstrom produced two more important reference

works: Wilbur & Orville Wright: A Chronology

Commemorating the Hundredth Anniversary of the

Birth of Orville Wright, August 19, 1871 (Washington,

D.C.: Library of Congress, 1975) and Wilbur & Orville

Wright, Pictorial Materials: A Documentary Guide

(Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1982). 

Mr. Renstrom served as Assistant Head of the

Aeronautics Division until 1953, when that unit was

reorganized as a section of the Science and Technology

Division. He was eventually named head of the

Aeronautics Section, a post that he held until his retirement. While he never lost interest in the early history of

flight, he was by no means mired in the past. For several years he produced an annual, Aeronautics and

Astronautics: Chronology on Science, Policy, and

Technology, for the National Aeronautics and Space

Administration. He also compiled Aeronautical and

Space Serials: A World List (1962), A Bibliographic

Note on the History of Rocket Technology (1964), and

UFO s and Related Subjects: An Annotated

Bibliography (1969). 

Arthur Renstrom retired on July 31, 1975, after 44

years of service to the Library of Congress. He died in

Roseville, Minnesota, on March 19, 1991. 

As a graduate student, I was fortunate enough to

have done research in the Science and Technology

Division when Marvin McFarland and Arthur

Renstrom were still very much in charge. Both men

took genuine delight in sharing their unparalleled command of the literature of flight and their commitment to

meticulous scholarship, qualities that are apparent in

their publications. 

This new edition has been updated to cover the

years since 1968. That work was undertaken by the

Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress

under contract with the U.S. Centennial of Flight

Commission. The bibliography is now online at 

the Centennial of Flight Commission web site,

<http://www.centennialofflight.gov/1903_bib.htm.> We

can thank the NASA History Office for reissuing it as a

monograph. I have no doubt that copies of this edition

will grow dog-eared and smudged from years of use by

a new generation of enthusiasts fascinated by the story of

Wilbur and Orville Wright. Thank you Mr. Renstrom.

Tom D. Crouch

Senior Curator, Aeronautics

National Air and Space Museum

Smithsonian Institution

June 6, 2002

viii Wilbur & Orville Wright

Foreword

The Wrights at Fort Myer, Virginia, on 3 September 1908. (NASA History Office)
Other Bibliographic References

Jakab, Peter L., and Young, Rick, editors. Published

Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright. Washington,

D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2000, 316 pp.,

+illus.

Comprehensive source in a single collection, of the

published writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright

their journal articles, transcriptions of speeches, letters to the editor, transcriptions of testimony to congressional committees, and interviews.

Nolan, Patrick B., and Zamonski, John A. Wright

Brothers Collection: A Guide to the Technical, Business

and Legal, Genealogical, Photographic, and Other

Archives at Wright State University. New York: Garland

Publishing, Inc., 187 pp. 

An invaluable reference source, this guide

describes the Wright brothers manuscripts and

records: containing aeronautical and non-aeronautical writings and papers, Bishop Milton Wright s

papers and genealogical materials, photographs, and

recognitions and memorabilia. The guide also contains Wilbur Wright s deposition from the Brief and

Digest of the Evidence for Complaint on Final

Hearing, in the case of The Wright Company Vs.

Herring—Curtiss Company, and Glenn H. Curtiss

titled: Narrative of the Wright Invention. Also

includes an index of persons, places, and selected

subjects.

Renstrom, Arthur G. Wilbur & Orville Wright: A

Bibliography Commemorating the Hundredth

Anniversary of the Birth of Wilbur Wright, April 16,

1867. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1968,

187 pp. 

Comprehensive bibliography of literature on or by

the Wright brothers published worldwide through

1967, commemorating the 100th anniversary of the

birth of Wilbur Wright in 1867. Includes an extensive

index of authors, persons, and institutions.

Bibliography of 2,055 entries.

. Wilbur & Orville Wright: Pictorial Materials,

Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1982, 200 pp.,

+illus.

Comprehensive bibliography of sources for more

than 1,600 photographs relating to the Wright brothers, many by the Wright brothers themselves. Includes

about 45 sources for works of art, about 50 for cartoons, and about 25 for audiovisual materials. Also

includes an extensive index. Bibliography of over

1,700 entries.

Unpublished report. Guide to Resources on the Wright

Brothers, Dayton, Ohio, 1999, 38 pp. 

Provides a selective but extensive guide to

resources for research on the Wright brothers.

Includes collections related to the Wright Brothers

available to the public at selected museums and

libraries, a selective bibliography of 34 citations, a

selected list of websites, a chronology, and an index. 

Wilbur and Orville Wright: A Register of Their Papers in

the Library of Congress. Washington, D.C.: United

States Library of Congress, Manuscript Division,

Register of Papers, 1976, no. 48, 22 pp. 

Summarizes the collection of papers of Wilbur and

Orville Wright, both published and unpublished,

given to the Library of Congress in May, 1949, by the

executors of Orville Wright s estate, and additional

materials subsequently donated by other sources,

1949-1973. 

Includes diaries and notebooks (1900-1919), family correspondence (1881-1924), general correspondence (1899-1948), subject file of materials by others,

scrapbooks (1902-1948), articles by the Wright brothers and miscellaneous biographical information, and

ancillary papers which consist of the typescript of the

Papers of Wilbur and Orville Wright, edited by

Marvin W. McFarland, originally published in 1953. 

Published Writings of Wilbur

and Orville Wright

Wilbur Wright

Wright, Wilbur. Angle of Incidence. The Aeronautical

Journal, July 1901, vol. 5, pp. 47—49.

As far as can be ascertained, this brief article and

Die Wagerechte Lage Wahrend des Gleitfluges (see

below) by Wilbur Wright constitute the first aeronautical writings of the brothers to appear in print.

. The Earliest Wright Flights A Letter from

Wilbur Wright. Scientific American, July 16, 1910, vol.

103, p. 47. 

Comment on an editorial in the June 25th issue of

the magazine and the use of the term open flights

with reference to the Wrights.

. Experiments and Observations in Soaring

Flight. [Preprint of Journal of the Western Society of

A Bibliography 1

Other Bibliographic References
Engineers.] Chicago: Western Society of Engineers,

1903, 18 pp., +illus.

Published also in Journal of the Western Society of

Engineers, Aug. 1903, vol. 8, pp. 400—417; translation

of selected excerpts with title, Versuche und

Beobachtungen im Schwebeflug [signed A. S., i.e.,

Arthur Stenzel], Illustrierte Aeronautische

Mitteilungen, Oct. 1903, vol. 7, pp. 331—334; abstract

Engineering Magazine, Nov. 1903, vol. 26, p. 279;

abstract Le G nie Civil, Nov. 7, 1903, vol. 44, pp.

9—10; with title, The Later Experiments of the Wright

Brothers in Soaring Flight, The Aero Manual, 1909,

pp. 22—33 (also 1910 ed.).

Paper presented before the Western Society of

Engineers, June 24, 1903, giving an account of gliding experiments at Kitty Hawk, N.C., September and

October 1902. Discussion and questions by Octave

Chanute and others.

. The Experiments of a Flying Man. Independent,

Feb. 4, 1904, vol. 56, pp. 242—246, +illus. 

Abridged with title, Experiments in Flying,

Science, Feb. 12, 1904, vol. 119 (n. s.), pp. 269—270;

with title, The Wright Experiments in Flying,

Scientific American Supplement, Mar. 12, 1904, vol.

57, pp. 23571—23572; reprinted in Humphreys,

Pauline A., and Hosey Gertrude, Romance of the

Airmen, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1931, pp.

197—205.

The use of Wilbur Wright s signature on this article

was unauthorized. See editor s retraction, with apologies, in Independent, February 25, 1904, p. 455 and

March 10, 1904, p. 574. 

. Flying as a Sport Its Possibilities. Scientific

American, Feb. 29, 1908, vol. 98, p. 139.

Reprinted in part with title, The Fun of Flying, by

Wilbur Wright and others, Life [Melbourne], Apr.

1909, vol. 11, pp. 368—369. 

Contributed to a Sportsman s Number of the

magazine.

. Flying from London to Manchester. Specially

Written for The London Magazine. London Magazine,

Feb. 1909, vol. 21, pp. 617—625, +illus. 

Abridged in L Aviation illustr e, Mar. 20, 1909,

vol. 1, no. 9, p. 4; La Conqu te de l air, Apr. 1, 1909,

vol. 6, no. 7, p. 3.

Discussion of Daily Mail prize of $10,000

offered to first flyer to complete journey from London

to Manchester within a period of twenty-four hours

and with only two stops en route.

. How to Glide and Soaring Flight. Flight, Oct. 2-

Nov. 27, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 607—608, 621—622, 647—648,

672—673, 693—694, 721—723, 757—758, +illus. 

In this, Experiments and Observations in Soaring

Flight and Some Aeronautical Experiments are

abridged and combined.

. [in part] Octave Chanute s Work in Aviation.

Aeronautics, Jan. 1911, vol. 8, no. 1 p. 4.

Tribute written shortly after Chanute s death on

November 24, 1910. 

. Otto Lilienthal. Aero Club of America Bulletin,

Sept. 1912, vol. 1, no. 8, pp. 20—21, +illus. 

Wilbur Wright s last article, written May 1912, a

day or two before he was stricken with typhoid fever.

Attempts to define Lilienthal s place in aeronautical

history. Published posthumously.

. Some Aeronautical Experiments. Reprint from

Journal of the Western Society of Engineers. [Chicago:

Western Society of Engineers, 1901] 22 pp., +illus.

Published also in Journal of the Western Society of

Engineers, Dec. 1901, vol. 6, pp. 489—510; abstract

Engineering Magazine, Feb. 1902, vol. 22, pp.

773—774; abstract Scientific American, Feb. 22, 1902,

vol. 100, p. 125; Automotor Journal, Feb.—Mar. 1902,

vol. 4, pp. 196—198, 240—243; summarized with title,

Recent Aeronautic Experiments, Fieldens Magazine,

Mar. 1902, vol. 6, pp. 261—272; Flying, Mar., June, Oct.

1902, Jan. 1903, vol. 1, pp. 87—94, 138—140, 189—191,

226—229; translation with title, Die Gleitversuche der

Br der Wright, Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung, May

1903, vol. 2, pp. 95—99; Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1902, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1903, pp. 138—148, and

reprinted as Smithsonian Publication 1380,

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903;

with title, Some Classical Aeronautical Experiments,

Aero, May 25, June 1-15, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 3—4, 23—24,

39—40, 57—58; with title, The Wright Brothers First

Gliding Experiments, The Aero Manual, 1909, pp.

4—21 (also 1910 ed.); The Aeronautical Journal,

July/Sept. 1916, vol. 20, pp. 86—97; Orville Wright

Dinner of the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.,

July [June] 17, 1918, Dayton, Ohio, New York; Society

of Automotive Engineers, 1918, pp. 23—32; reprinted in

part in The Early History of the Airplane, Dayton: The

Dayton—Wright Airplane Co., [1922], pp. 16—24.

Paper presented before the Western Society of

Engineers, September 16, 1901. First extensive public

account of the Wrights gliding experiments at Kitty

Hawk, N.C., October 1900 and July and August 1901.

Introduction by Octave Chanute, president of the

Society, at whose invitation the address was made.

Few other articles on the subject have been so frequently reprinted or widely quoted.

2 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright
. W. Wright on Altitude and Fancy Flying. Aero,

Dec. 17, 1910, vol. 1, no. 11, p. 3.

Published also in Flight, December 31, 1910, vol.

2, p.1083.

Letter to the editor of Aero objecting to editorial in

same, November 26, 1910, p. 12, which distorted

Wrights views. States Wrights believed in all kinds

of flying which demonstrate the merits of the

machine. 

. D i e Wagerechte Lage Wahrend des Gleitfluges.

Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, July 1901, vol.

5, pp. 108—109. 

Cites advantages of the horizontal position of the

operator during gliding flights as opposed to the

upright position used by earlier experimenters.

. What Cl ment Ader Did. Aero Club of America

Bulletin, May 1912 vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 17—19, +illus. 

Published also in The Aeronautical Journal,

July/Sept. 1916, vol. 20, pp. 110—115. 

Depreciation of French claims for Ader as the first

to achieve heavier-than-air flight. Quotes extensively

from Report of the Trials of Mr. Cl ment Ader s

Aviation Apparatus, General Mensier, Chairman of

the Committee, October 21, 1897. 

. What Mouillard Did. Aero Club of America

Bulletin, Apr. 1912, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 2—4, +illus. 

Published also in The Aeronautical Journal,

July/Sept. 1916, vol. 20, pp. 107—110.

Prompted by the erection of a monument to LouisPierre Mouillard at Heliopolis, Egypt, February 25,

1912, under the sponsorship of the so-called Ligue

A rienne. It had been claimed that Mouillard conceived the use of wing warping and its application to

lateral control, and that this concept had been communicated to the Wrights by Octave Chanute.

For discussion by A. Henry-Co annier see La

Revue aerienne, May 10, 1912, vol. 5, pp. 241—243;

for another by Paul Hamelle, see La Vie au grand air,

July 6, 1912, vol. 15, p. 532. 

Orville Wright

Wright, Orville. Air Routes to the National Parks. In

Proceedings of the National Parks Conference, held in

the Auditorium of the New National Museum,

Washington, D.C., January 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, 1917,

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1917,

pp. 280—283.

Published also in Flying, Feb. 1917, vol. 6, no. 1, 

p. 64.

Address by Orville Wright, January 5, citing advantages of air travel for reaching national parks and need

for additional landing facilities in or near them.

Includes introductory remarks by the presiding officer, Dr. H. M. Rowe.

. Amazing Records. Popular Science Monthly,

June 1929. vol. 114, no. 6., p. 18.

Interview statement by Orville Wright in answer to

question submitted to leading American aviation

experts: What is Ahead in Aviation? 

. The Commercial Airplane. In New York Aero

Show Program, [New York: 1920,] 1 p.

A r sum of the postwar developments in the use of

the aeroplane for pleasure and commerce.

. Diary of the First Flight. Collier s, Dec. 25,

1948, vol. 122, pp. 32—33, +illus. 

Published also in Kelly, Fred C., Miracle at Kitty

Hawk, New York: Farrar, Straus and Young, 1951, pp.

114—116; with title, At Kitty Hawk Dec. 17, 1903,

in Air Force, Sept. 1953, vol. 36, p. 18; in McFarland,

Marvin W., ed., The Papers of Wilbur and Orville

Wright, New York: McGraw—Hill Book Company,

1953, vol. 1, pp. 394—397; and in Dunaway, Philip,

and George de Kay, Turning Point; Fateful Moments

That Revealed Men and Made History, New York:

Random House, 1958, pp. 245—249. 

Entry of December 17, 1903, Orville Wright s

Diary D. 

. [in part.] L Empire des airs et son avenir. Figaro

illustr , Feb. 1909, no. 227, p. 30, ports. 

Contributed to a roundup of opinion on one of the

important questions of the day. Contains facsimile signature of Orville Wright.

. First Flight. American Legion Monthly, Sept.

1926, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 14—15, +illus. 

Published also in Congressional Record, Feb. 8,

1927, vol. 68, pp. 3281—3282.

Brief account contributed by Orville to article

Winged Pioneers, which includes statements by

thirteen noted aviators and aeronautical engineers.

. [ F o r t i e t h Year Anniversary Statement.] In

Aerosphere, 1943, New York: Aerosphere, Inc., 1944, 

p. CV. 

Brief comment on the general use of the aeroplane.

. F u t u r e o f t h e Aeroplane. Country Life, Jan.

1909, vol. 15, pp. 252—253.

Predicts commercial future for the aeroplane.

A Bibliography 3

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright
. The Future of Civil Flying. Aviation, Jan. 1,

1919, vol. 5, p. 676.

States that future development of private flying will

depend upon development of aircraft capable of flying

at low speeds and provision of adequate landing

fields.

. How I Learned to Fly. As told by him to Leslie

W. Quirk, for the readers of Boy s Life. Boys Life, Sept.

1914, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 2—4, +illus. 

Reprinted Boy s Life, Dec. 1928, vol. 28, no. 12, pp.

10—11, 81—82: in the Boy Scout s Book of True

Adventure, New York, London: G. P. Putnam, 1931,

pp. 29—40.

R sum of early flying experiments at Kitty Hawk,

N.C., culminating in the first power flights, December

17, 1903.

. How We Invented the Aeroplane. Edited and

with Commentary by Fred C. Kelly. Drawings by James

MacDonald. New York: David McKay, 1953, 78 pp. 

Originally published (in part) under this title in

Harper s Magazine, June 1953, vol. 206, pp. 25—33. A

translation of this article appeared in Argentina A rea,

Dec. 1953, vol. 8, pp. 4—5, 12—13.

Edited extracts from Orville Wright s depositions,

January 13, 1920, and February 2, 1921, in the suit

brought by the heirs of John J. Montgomery against

the Government, originally published as a part of

Court of Claims case, Regina Cleary Montgomery et

al. Vs. The United States, Evidence for Defendant,

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1923,

pp. 651—691, 694—714, 857. 

. H o w We Made the First Flight. Flying, Dec.

1913, vol. 2, pp. 10—12, 35—36.

Also in Orville Wright Dinner of the Society of

Automotive Engineers, Inc., July [June] 17, 1918

Dayton, Ohio. Dayton: Society of Automotive

Engineers, 1918, pp. 14—22; Flying, New York, Dec.

1918, vol. 7, pp. 1020—1024; Flying, London, Jan. 8-

15, 1919, vol. 5, pp. 24—25, 44—46; Aircraft Year Book,

1919, New York: Manufacturers Aircraft Association,

1919, pp. 304—309; The Early History of the Airplane,

Dayton: The Dayton—Wright Airplane Co., 1922, pp.

9—15; Aviation, Dec. 17, 1923, vol. 15, pp. 737—741;

reprinted with title, Twenty-Five Years Ago,

Washington, D.C.: International Civil Aeronautics

Conference, 1928, 23 pp.; Science News Letter, Dec. 8,

1928, vol. 14, pp. 353—354; U.S. Air Services, Dec.

1937, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 10—13, 28—30; Federal

Architect, Apr./June 1941, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 34—35; in

Kelly, Fred C., The Wright Brothers, New York:

Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1943, pp. 96—102, and same

New York: Farrar, Straus and Young, 1950, pp. 96—102.

First extensive authentic account of the Kitty Hawk

flights of December 17, 1903.

. Introduction to Hayward, Charles B. Practical

Aeronautics, Chicago: American School of

Correspondence, 1912, p. xv.

Also in 2d ed., Chicago: American Technical

Society, 1919.

Approves of Hayward s account [pp. 107—126] of

Wrights early work, especially the chapter on their

patent litigation [pp. 505—524]. This chapter was

omitted from the 2d ed.

. Introduction to Jacobs, Anne Marguerite.

Knights of the Wing, New York, London: The Century

Co., 1928, pp. vii—viii.

. Inventor of the Airplane Details Some of Early

Experiences in Radio Message to the World. National

Aeronautic Association Review, Jan. 1, 1924, vol. 2, no.

1, p. 3.

Published also in Air Service News Letter, Jan. 7,

1924, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 2—4.

Text of speech written by Orville Wright on the

twentieth anniversary of the December 17, 1903,

flights and broadcast over radio station WLW,

Cincinnati, December 16, 1923.

. Inverted Aeroplane Stresses. Aeronautics, Apr.

1912, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 119.

Opinion as to cause of Lieut. Henry P. Seville s

fatal accident, March 13, 1912. 

. Low Speed Landing Is First Need of Aviation.

Popular Science Monthly, Feb. 1922, vol. 100, no. 2, p.

68, +illus. 

Contributed by Orville Wright to symposium on

question: What is the most pressing scientific

achievement now required in the field of your special

interest and deserving the first attention of American

inventive genius during 1922? 

. My Narrowest Escape in the Air. As told by him

to Leslie W. Quirk for the readers of Boys Life. Boys

Life, Aug. 1914, vol. 4, pp. 5, +illus. 

Account of the Fort Myer accident, September 17,

1908.

. The Mythical Whitehead Flight. U.S. Air

Services, Aug. 1945, vol. 30, p. 9.

Published also in U.S. Air Services, Apr. 1953, vol.

38, no. 4, p. 7.

Comment on statement in Reader s Digest, July

1945, p. 57, in an article The Man Who Knows

Everything, by Mort Wesinger (abridged from

4 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright
Liberty, April 28, 1945), re-regarding Gustave

Whitehead, the first man to fly a heavier-than-air

machine, two years, four months and three days previous to the Wright flight at Kitty Hawk.

. Our Early Flying Machine Development.

Slipstream, Jan. 1925, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 11—15, +illus. 

Published also in Slipstream, Sept. 1927, vol. 8, no.

9, pp. 15—16; Wright Engine Builder, Dec. 1928, vol.

10, no.12, pp. 3—5. 

Brief statement on the 1903 Kitty Hawk flights.

. Our Life in Camp at Kitty Hawk. U.S. Air

Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 12—17, +illus. 

Made up entirely of excerpts from letters written

at Kitty Hawk by Wilbur and me to our sister

Katharine The story of the first flight is not included. 

. Our Recent Experiments in North Carolina. By

Wright Brothers [Orville Wright]. Aeronautics, June

1908, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 4—6, ports. 

Brief note on flights of May 6-14, 1908.

. Possibilities of Soaring Flight. U.S. Air

Services, Dec. 1922, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 7—9.

Presents view that the importance of soaring flight

was being exaggerated as result of the experiments in

Europe in 1922, and that the powered aeroplane

would remain unrivaled as a means of transportation

as would the wind tunnel as a source of precise aerodynamic knowledge.

. Le Premier vol d un a roplane (17 d cembre,

1903), par Orville Wright, L A ronautique, Dec. 1923,

vol. 5, p. 494.

Translated excerpts from The Wright Brothers

Aeroplane by Orville and Wilbur Wright.

. Sporting Future of the Aeroplane. U.S. Air

Services, Feb. 1919, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 4—5, +illus. 

Emphasizes reduced landing speeds as an essential

factor.

. Stability of Aeroplanes. Journal of the Franklin

Institute, Sept. 1914, vol. 78, pp. 249—258.

Published also in Aeronautics, Sept. 15, 1914, vol.

14, pp. 67—68, 78; Scientific American Supplement,

Sept. 26, 1914, vol. 78, pp. 206—207; abstract

Aeroplane, Oct. 9, 1914, vol. 6, pp. 1024—1026;

reprinted Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company,

1914; Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution,

1914, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office,

1915, pp. 209—216, and reprinted as Smithsonian

Publication 2328; Aerial Age Weekly, July 19, 1915,

vol. 1, pp. 428—429; abstract Scientific American

Supplement, May 13, 1916, vol. 81, p. 320.

Address presented at the Franklin Institute, May 20,

1914.

. [Statement to National Aeronautic Association,

August 1928.] Aeronautic Review, Aug. 1928, vol. 6, no.

8, p. 114, +illus. 

Published also in Dayton Motor News, Dec. 1928,

vol. 6, no. 12, p. 3.

Brief twenty-fifth anniversary statement.

. The Story of the Wright Brothers Early

Developments. In Dayton—Wright Airplanes,

Commercial and Pleasure Aircraft of Distinction,

Dayton: The General Motors Corporation, Dayton—

Wright Division, 1920, pp. [5—10]. 

On Orville Wright s copy of this publication, he

ruled out his name and wrote in that of F. C. Makeley

as the author.

. Sun Power Motor. Science News Letter, Apr. 16,

1932, vol. 21, p. 239.

Very brief statement by Orville Wright, one of

eleven opinions by eminent American inventors

answering the question submitted to them by Science

Service: The Next Great Invention: What Does the

World Need Most? 

. Why the 1903 Wright Airplane Is Sent to a

British Museum. U.S. Air Services, Mar. 1928, vol. 13,

no. 1, pp. 30—31.

Also U.S. Air Services, Feb. 1948, p. 33, vol. 13,

no. 2, pp.14—15.

. Wilbur Wright. [Signed O. W.] In The

Encyclopedia Britannica, 14th ed., London, New York:

1929, vol. 23, pp. 808—809.

Continued in later editions.

. [in part.] The Wright—Langley Controversy.

Aviation, May 1925, vol. 18, pp. 550—551, +illus. 

Orville Wright and Dr. Charles D. Walcott,

Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, present both

sides of the controversy.

Wright s First Statement Since the War. U.S. Air

Services, Dec. 1921, vol. 6, no. 5, p. 8.

Statement submitted to the Aeronautical Chamber

of Commerce on the eighteenth anniversary of the

first flight. Stresses importance of the 1901 wind-tunnel experiments.

A Bibliography 5

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright
Wilbur and Orville

Wright, Wilbur, and Wright, Orville. [Letter Report to

the Aero Club of America, March 2, 1906.] New York:

Aero Club of America, 1906, 2 pp. 

Published also in Scientific American Supplement,

Apr. 7, 1906, vol. 61, p. 25203; The Aeronautical

News, May 1906, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 17; Technical World

Magazine, June 1906, vol. 5, pp. 332—333; Revue

d artillerie, Oct. 1906, vol. 69, pp. XII—XV; American

Magazine of Aeronautics, July 1907, vol. 1, no. 1, pp.

23—24; Navigating the Air, New York: Doubleday and

Company, 1907, pp. 6—8; translation by L. Ferrus,

with title, Les exp riences d aviation des fr res

Wright, Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1907, 7 pp.; Greater

Dayton, June 1909, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 218—219; U.S.

Air Services, Dec. 1928, vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 27—29;

Aeronautica, Jan. 1929, vol. 3, pp. 10—11; National

Aeronautics, Dec. 1943, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 15, 41.

Publication of the Wrights letter of March 2, 1906,

to Augustus Post, Secretary of the recently created

Aero Club of America, summarizing their 1905 experiments.

. Miracle at Kitty Hawk; the Letters of Wilbur

and Orville Wright, edited by Fred C. Kelly. New York:

Farrar, Straus and Young, 1951, 482 pp., +illus. 

Also excerpts in Atlantic Monthly, May-July 1950,

vol. 185, May, pp. 23—29, June, pp. 64—70, July, pp.

68—74.

Selections from approximately 500 letters in the

Wilbur and Orville Wright Papers in the Library of

Congress.

. The Papers of Wilbur and Orville Wright,

Including the Chanute—Wright Letters and Other Papers

of Octave Chanute. Marvin W. McFarland, ed. New

York, Toronto, London: McGraw—Hill Book Company,

Inc., 1953, 2v. (1278p.), +illus. 

Excerpts published in New York Times, Oct. 11,

1953, Sec. 10, p. 3, with title The Wright Brothers

S t o r y Told in Their Private Papers and in Life, Dec.

7, 1953, vol. 35, pp. 162—176, in article titled The

Day That Man First Flew; Wrights Papers Recall

Great Event 50 Years Ago, by Ernest Haveann.

Comprises selections from the Wright collection

bequeathed to the Library of Congress by the Orville

Wright Estate in 1949 and from the Octave Chanute

papers deposited in the Library in 1932 by his daughters, Elizabeth C. and Octavia. Included is the correspondence between Wilbur and Octave Chanute

(1900-1910), early leader in the aeronautics field;

excerpts from the Wright diaries and notebooks

(1900-1919) and from Wright family correspondence;

wind-tunnel tables, propeller notebooks, and many

other selected articles, lectures, and writings of the

brothers.

Technical data are presented in four appendices

(Notes on nomenclature, Wright Wind Tunnel, 1901,

the Wright Propellers, and Aeroplanes and Motors)

pp. 543—640 and 1183—1217, prepared by Fred S.

Forward and followed by a bibliography, pp.

1221—1243, prepared by Arthur G. Renstrom.

Reviewed by Allen F. Bonnalie in U.S. Air Service,

Feb. 1954, vol. 39, pp. 11—12; by Roy Madden,

Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Jan. 1955,

vol. 59, pp. 72—74 (reprinted U.S. Air Services, July

1955, vol. 40, pp. 18—20); by Brendan Call, New

Yorker, Feb. 13, 1954, vol. 29, pp. 109—110, 112—113;

by J. Hoff, Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society,

Jan. 1955, vol. 59, pp. 70—71 (reprinted Science, Apr.

15, 1955, vol. 121, pp. 523—525 and in U.S. Air

Services, June 1955, vol. 40, pp. 21—22); by Waldemar

Kaempffert, New York Times Book Review, Dec. 20, p.

6; by James R. Newman, Scientific American, May

1954, vol. 190, pp. 88—93; by Alec Ogilvie, Journal of

the Royal Aeronautical Society, Jan. 1955, vol. 59, pp.

66—68 (reprinted U.S. Air Services, Apr. 1955, vol. 40,

pp.16—19; by J. Laurence Pritchard, Aeroplane, June

18, 1954, vol. 86, pp. 803—806l; by Ernest F. Relf,

Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Jan 1955,

vol. 59, pp. 68—70 (reprinted U.S. Air Services, May

1955, vol. 40, pp. 19—20; by Henry Ladd Smith,

Saturday Review of Literature, Feb. 6, 1954, vol. 37,

pp. 20; in Army Aviation Digest, Sept. 1956, vol. 2, pp.

23—24; in Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society,

Dec. 1953, vol. 57, pp. 825—826.

. The Relations of Weight, Speed and Power of

Flyers. In Navigating the Air; a Scientific Statement of

the Progress of Aeronautical Science Up to the Present

Time by the Aero Club of America. New York:

Doubleday, Page & Company, 1907, pp. 6—12.

Published also in Zahm, Albert F., Aerial

Navigation, New York and London: D. Appleton and

Company, 1911, pp. 478—480.

Gives comparative data for 1903, 1904, and 1905

Wright aeroplanes. Appended are letters to the Aero

Club of America from four witnesses of flights made

by the Wrights at Dayton in 1905.

Orville and Wilbur

McFarland, Marvin, and Renstrom, Arthur. The Papers

of Wilbur and Orville Wright. Library of Congress

Quarterly Journal of Current Acquisitions, Aug. 1950,

vol. 7, pp. 23—34, +illus. 

6 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright
Extensive account of the Wright brothers papers

received by the Library of Congress, May 27, 1949,

from the Estate of Orville Wright, giving history of

acquisition and outline of contents and materials in

the collection.

Wright, Orville, and Wright, Wilbur. A Letter from

Orville and Wilbur Wright. Aero, [New York] Mar. 23,

1912, vol. 3, p. 499. 

Also Scientific American, Mar. 30, 1912, vol. 106

(n.s.), p. 287; Flight, Apr. 6, 1912, vol. 4, p. 305.

Letter to the editor setting forth grounds for the

recent German Patent Office decision nullifying main

claims of the Wright German patent.

. O u r Aeroplane Tests at Kitty Hawk. Scientific

American, June 13, 1908, vol. 98 (n.s.), p. 423.

Partial translations, with titles, Les derniers Essais

des Wright en Am rique, racont s par eux-m mes,

L A rophile, June 15, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 222—223, and

Unsere neuen Flugversuche [signed Mck, i.e.,

Moedebeck], Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen,

July 1, 1908, vol. 12, pp. 349—351.

Brief note on flights carried out in May 1908.

The Wright Brothers Aeroplane. The Century

Magazine, Sept. 1908, vol. 76, pp. 641—650, +illus. 

Abstract in L Illustration, Sept. 5, 1908, vol. 66, p.

168; Sport im Bild, Oct. 1908, vol. 15, pp. 274—275;

La Conqu te de l air, Nov. 15, 1908, vol. 5, p. 2;

translation of selected excerpts with title, Les

Travaux des Wright expos s par euxm mes,

L A rophile, Nov. 1, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 426—428;

translation in Revue d artillerie, Jan. 1909, vol. 73,

pp. 201—226; translation by L. Ferrus with title,

Notre Vie, Je Sais Tout, Jan. 15, 1909, vol. 4, pp.

713—724; translation in Peyrey, Francois, Les Oiseaux

artificiels, Paris: H. Dunod et E. Pinat, 1909, pp.

636—655; translation with title, Die Erfindung des

Fliegens in Adams, Heinrich, Flug, Leipzig, C. F.

Amelang, 1909, pp. 30—44; slightly abridged Russian

translation in Veigelin K. E., Zavoevanie vozdushnogo

okeana, S.-Peterburg: Knigoizd-vo P. P. Soikina,

1917, pp. 129—136; Aeronautical Journal, July/Sept.

1916, vol. 20, pp. 100—106; in Orville Wright Dinner

of the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., July

[June] 19, 1918 Dayton, Ohio, Dayton: Society of

Automtovie Engineers, 1918, pp. 1—13; in The Early

History of the Airplane, Dayton: the Dayton—Wright

Airplane Co. [1922], pp. 1—8; Aviation, Dec. 17, 1923,

vol. 15, pp. 732—737; U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1923,

vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 26—32; translation with brief introductory statement and tribute by the author in

ngstr m, Tord, Br derna Wright och

Flygproblemets L sning, Stockholm: Nordisk

Rotogravyr, 1928, pp. 7—20; Aeronautics, Jan. 1909,

vol. 3, pp. 4—9.

First popular presentation by the Wrights of their

aeronautical achievements. Though it appears under

joint authorship, the article was entirely the work of

Orville Wright.

. Wright Flyer. A Report of Late Tests Is Given

by Messrs. Wright, Inventors of the Machine. Dayton

Press, Jan. 6, 1904.

Published also with title, La Machine volante des

fr res Wright, L A rophile, Jan. 1904, vol. 12, pp.

16—18; The Aeronautical Journal, Apr. 1904, vol. 8,

pp. 41—42; and in Freudenthal, Elsbeth, Flight into

History, Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma

Press, 1949, pp. 86—88.

Statement prepared for the Associated Press by the

Wrights to correct printed information about their

December 17, 1903, flights. This appeared in many of

the Associated Press newspapers on January 6.

Interviews, Speeches, Statements

The Aeroplane. What Will it be Like in Five Years Time?

Opinions of Prominent Aeroists. What Wilbur Wright

Thinks. Motor, London, Nov. 17, 1908, vol. 14, pp.

457—458.

Predicts future of the aeroplane lies in use for military purposes.

Rouhier, Maurice. Wright professeur. La Vie au grand

air, Feb. 27, 1909, pp. 134—136, +illus. 

Abridged in La Conqu te de L Air, Apr. 15, 1909,

vol. 6, no. 8, p. 1.

Interview with Wilbur Wright on his training and

instruction methods.

A Talk with Wilbur Wright. Scientific American, Oct. 23,

1909, vol. 101, p. 290.

Wilbur Wright states that future development of

aviation will be in high altitude flying because of the

more favorable atmospheric conditions provided by

upper air strata.

Ohio in Aviation. Twenty-Fourth Annual Banquet of the

Ohio Society of New York January 10, 1910. In Ohio

Society of New York, Reports of Proceedings, 1910, New

York: 1910, pp. 93—138.

Includes brief remarks by Wilbur Wright on occasion of dinner given in Wrights honor.

Wright s Statement Concerning Johnstone s Fatal Fall.

Mobile Era, Dec. 1910, vol. 1, p. 16.

A Bibliography 7

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright
Wilbur Wright s statement as to probable cause of

accident which killed Ralph Johnstone in Denver,

November 17, 1910. 

Remarks by Wilbur Wright on Presentation of Langley

Medals to Wright Brothers. In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1910, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1911, pp. 109—110.

In Honor of the Army and Aviation. Addresses of the

Evening. National Geographic Magazine, Mar. 1911,

vol. 32, pp. 279—281, +illus. 

Includes brief address by Wilbur Wright at the sixth

annual banquet of the National Geographic Society,

Washington, January 14, 1911, honoring the United

States Army and the invention of the aeroplane by the

Wright brothers.

Wright Considers High Speed Too Dangerous. Fly

Magazine, Aug. 1911, vol. 3, no. 11, p. 9.

Wilbur Wright s communication to Paris edition of

an American newspaper explaining failure of Wright

Company to enter a machine in the Gordon—Bennett

race.

Wilbur Wright Favors Reliability Tests. Aero, St. Louis,

Mar. 30, 1912, vol. 3, p. 514. 

Statement made in Baltimore, March 24, that he

favors cross-country reliability flight in preference to

speed contest.

Wright Co. Not Building Racer. Aero and Hydro, July

27, 1912, vol. 4, p. 374.

Includes Orville Wright s statement that company

is building only regulation machines.

Orville Wright Talks on Automatic Stability. Aircraft,

Nov. 1912, vol. 3, p. 275.

States that he has no faith in principle of the Sperry

gyroscope.

Tenth Anniversary of Flight. Aeronautics, New York,

Dec. 1913, vol. 13, pp. 208—209, 220, +illus. 

Includes brief statement by Orville Wright

acknowledging honor done him at anniversary dinner

given December 18 by the Aeronautical Society.

Wright Finds Ocean Crossing Risky Now. Aero and

Hydro, Feb. 21, 1914, vol. 7, p. 261.

Reproduces Orville Wright s letter of February 13,

1914, to the editor.

Orville Wright Says His Health Would Not Permit Him

to Accept Commission to Rebuild British Air Fleet.

Aerial Age Weekly, July 5, 1915, vol. 1, p. 367.

Kelly, Fred C. Flying Machines and the War; an

Interview with Orville Wright. Collier s, July 31, 1915,

vol. 55, pp. 24—25.

Published also in Simonds, Frank A., History of the

World War, New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1917,

vol. 1, p. 376.

Orville states that the aeroplane will prevent war by

making its cost prohibitive.

The Annual Air Derby. Aerial Age Weekly, May 29,

1916, vol. 3, p. 334.

Includes brief comment by Orville Wright on proposed transcontinental air race for the Ralph Pulitzer

trophy.

Dinner Given for Orville Wright. Aerial Age Weekly,

Feb. 19, 1917, vol. 4, p. 652.

Dinner given at Delmonico s in New York by

Grover Loening. Includes brief excerpts from

Orville s speech on hardships and discouragements he

and his brother experienced in their early experiments.

Hendrick, Burton J. The Safe and Useful Aeroplane. An

Interview with Orville Wright. Harper s Magazine, Apr.

1917, vol. 134, pp. 609—619, +illus. 

Published also in Aviation, Apr. 1, 1917, vol. 2, pp.

224—226.

Extensive interview in which Orville Wright stresses peacetime uses of the aeroplane.

[Findley, Earl N.] Orville Wright Says 10,000

Aeroplanes Would Win the War within Ten Weeks. New

York Times Magazine Section, July 1, 1917, pp. 1—2.

Orville Wright s comments on the Aircraft

Production Board and the government s proposed aircraft manufacturing program.

Brief Statement on Aircraft and War on Occasion of the

Awarding of a Doctor of Science Degree by the

University of Cincinnati. Aerial Age Weekly, July 2,

1917, vol. 5, p. 521.

Says Aircraft Will Win War. Aerial Age Weekly, July 9,

1917, vol. 5, p. 563.

Brief quotation from interview with Orville Wright.

The Work of Orville Wright. Aerial Age Weekly, Oct. 15,

1917, vol. 6, p. 195.

Includes Orville s statement on airplane as an

instrument of peace.

Wright to Make Aeros for Commercial Use. Aerial Age

Weekly, Oct. 29, 1917, vol. 6.

Includes quotations from interview with Orville

Wright.

8 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Published Writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright
Orville Wright Calls Armored Plate Useless. Aerial Age

Weekly, June 3, 1918, vol. 7, p. 579.

Orville s reported comment on occasion of death of

Raoul Lufbery in a flying tank. 

Testimony of Orville Wright, October 3, 1918. In United

States Department of Justice, Hughes Aircraft

Investigation, Testimony of Witnesses, May to October

1918, vol. 22, pp. 175—193. (typescript).

Interrogation by Charles Evans Hughes.

Orville Wright Disparages the Glider. Literary Digest,

Jan. 6, 1923, vol. 76, pp. 59—60.

Crane, Carl J. Orville Wright; an Interview, University of

Dayton Opponent, Apr. 1924, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 7—9.

Orville Wright Forecasts Aircraft Expansion. U.S. Air

Services, Nov. 1925, vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 20—22, +illus. 

Testimony before the President s Aircraft Board,

October 12, 1925.

Statement of Mr. Orville Wright, Dayton, Ohio. In

President s Aircraft Board, Hearings, September 21-

October 15, 1925, Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1925, vol. 3, pp. 1096—1100.

Kelly, Fred C. What s Going on Here? An Answer to Our

Traveling Reporter. Today, Mar. 31, 1934, vol. 1, no. 23,

pp. 8, 22, port. 

Kelly s report on his interview with Orville Wright

in Dayton.

Farber, James. Orville Wright Interviewed. Popular

Aviation, Apr. 1934, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 223—224, 261,

+illus. 

Similar interview published in the New York Times,

December 17, 1933, with title Kitty Hawk

Memories, Orville Wright Chats on the Brief History

of Aviation.

Orville Wright Foresees Great Progress in Next Decade.

U.S. Air Services, Jan. 1938, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 15.

Quotes from interview with Orville Wright,

December 17 at Columbia University, reported in New

York Times.

Orville Wright Favors All Aid to Britain. U.S. Air

Services, May 1941, vol. 26, no. 5, p. 9.

Orville Wright s statement to the editor on a visit to

Washington, April 24-25, 1941. 

Orville Wright Takes a Look Back. Extension of Remarks

of Hon. Herbert C. Bonner. Congressional Record, Nov.

10, 1943, vol. 89, appendix pp. A4774—A4775.

Interview at Dayton, November 6, by Fred C. Kelly,

reprinted from St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Sunday,

November 7, 1943, giving Orville Wright s views on

the military aeroplane, and its use in World War II as

contrasted with the Wrights early conception of its

use.

McSurely, Alexander. Wright Favors Free Competition

on Postwar Foreign Air Routes. Aviation News, Dec. 11,

1943, vol. 1, no. 20, pp. 10—11.

An interview with Orville at his laboratory in

Dayton.

Case, Leland D. Orville Wright First Man to Fly.

Rotarian, Apr. 1948, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 8—10, 50—53,

+illus. 

Press interview with the editor several weeks

before Orville s death.

Biographical References

Wright Brothers

Books

ngstr m, Tord. Br derna Wright och flygproblemets

l sning. Minneskrift den f rsta motor-drivna flygningens 25- rsdag den 17dec. 1928. Stockholm: Nordisk

Rotogravyr, 1928, 22 pp., +illus. 

A Swedish translation of the Wrights Century

Magazine article The Wright Brothers Aeroplane

with a brief introductory statement and tribute by the

author on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the

December 17, 1903, flights.

Abramowski, Waclaw. Wilbur i Orwille Wright owie

[and] Latawiec braci Wright w. In his Lotnictwo wsp lczesne. Latawce (aeroplany), Warszawa: Drukarnia

Artystyczna, 1910, pp. 32—39, 97—104.

Adams, Heinrich. Flug Leipzig: C. F. Amelangs

Verlag, 1909, 144 pp., +illus. 

Short history of aviation devoted largely to the

Wright brothers with a detailed account of their 1908

and 1909 flights and including a German translation

titled Unser Flieger. Die Erfindung des Fliegens of

their article originally published in the September

1908 issue of the Century Magazine, pp. 30—44. 

A Bibliography 9

Biographical References
L A roplane des fr res Wright. Historique exp riences description. Avec une planche de dessins originaux. Paris: Berger-Levrault & Cie., 1908, 30 pp., +illus. 

Compilation based on three articles originally

appearing in Revue d artillerie. These comprise L.

Ferrus translations of the Wright letter of March 2,

1906, to the Aero Club of America, and the Signal

Corps advertisement and specifications for a heavierthan-air flying machine, December 23, 1907, and

Captain Lucas-Girardville s summary of the Wright

French patents.

Albertson, Catherine. Wings Over Kill Devil and

Legends of the Dunes. Elizabeth City, N.C., [1928], 37

pp., +illus. 

Privately printed in an edition of 25 copies.

Includes William J. Tate s account of his association with the Wright brothers at Kill Devil Hill in

North Carolina.

Arrudae, Matias. A quest o Wright Santos Dumont.

Contribuc o ao Congresso Nacional de Aeronautica

patrocinado pelo AeroClube do Brasil. S o Sim o: Casa

Minerva, 1946, 6 pp.

. O s Wright. In Pequena hist ria da aviac o, S o

Paulo: Livraria Martins editora s.a. [1948], pp. 140—147.

Claims Santos-Dumont and not Wrights deserves

honor of having first achieved powered flight.

Berget, Alphonse. L A roplane des fr res Wright. In his

La Route de L Air. Paris: Librairie Hachette et Cie, 1909,

pp. 198—208.

Published also in translation in English edition

titled The Conquest of the Air, London: William

Heinemann, New York: G. P. Putman, 1909, pp.

192—201, and in 1911 French edition, pp. 151—157. 

Beringer, Sarah M. The Beginning and Future of

Aviation [Dayton, Ohio, 1929], 59 pp., +illus.

Account of Dayton s role in the development of the

aircraft industry emphasizing activities of the Wright

brothers.

Bernstein, Mark. Grand Eccentrics; Turning the

Century: Dayton and the Inventing of America.

Wilmington, Ohio: Orange Frazer Press, 1996, 271 pp. 

Against the backdrop of a historical sketch of

Dayton, Ohio, the author presents biographical details

on Wilbur and Orville Wright, James Cox, Charles

Kettering, John Patterson, and Arthur Morgan. Also

includes such events as the 1913 Dayton flood.

Bibliographic footnotes, pp. 239—259.

Besancon, Georges. L cole am ricaine Les fr res

Wright. In his Ballons et a roplanes, Paris: Garnier

Fr res, 1910, pp. 289—320, +illus.

Bia, Georges. Les fr res Wright et leur oeuvre. Rapport

pr sent la Section A ronautique de la Soci t Belge

des Ing nieurs et des Industriels. Illustr par Fox. [SaintMihiel]: Imprimeries du journal La Meuse [1909], 56

pp., +illus.

Also in later edition, Paris: F. L. Vivien, 1910.

Account of the Wright brothers and their aeroplane

by their Belgian representative. Based on French

sources with section devoted to Wilbur Wright s

flights in France and to the flights of his pupils Count

de Lambert and Paul Tissandier. Includes an extensive

account, titled Les n gociations commerciales, of

their negotiations for the sale of their aeroplane.

Black, Archibald. Mechanical Flight at Last! In his The

Story of Flying, New York: Whittlesey House, 1940, pp.

53—72, +illus. 

Included also in revised edition, 1943.

Bl riot, Louis, and Raymond, douard. Les premiers

hommesoiseaux. Orville et Wilbur Wright. In their La

gloire des ailes; l aviation de Clement Ader Costes,

Paris: Les ditions de France, 1928, pp. 37—52.

Bracke, Albert. L A roplane Wilbur Wright. Mons:

Dequesne-Masquillier & Fils, 1908, 16 pp., +illus. (His

[Monographies d aviation] 1).

. Construction et manocuvres de l a roplane

Wright. Paris: F. L. Vivien, 1909, 16 pp., +illus. (His

Monographies d aviation 5).

Brigole, Alexandre. Duas palavras aos Estados Unidos.

In his Santos-Dumont, o pioneiro do ar, Rio de Janeiro:

Aero Clube do Brasil, 1941, pp. 79—84, +illus. 

Published also in English edition 1943, pp. 90—94.

Ascribes priority in flight to Santos-Dumont. Based

on an article by Dr. Claudio Ganns in Espelho,

October 1936.

Brown, Arch B. Historic Sands of Eastern Carolina. n.

p., 1937, 40 pp. 

Includes chapter on Wright brothers, pp. 29—39.

Brown, Cecil L. M. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

The Conquest of the Air: An Historical Survey. London:

Oxford University Press, 1927, pp. 87—104, +illus.

Carmer, Carl L., ed. From Flying Kites to Flying

Machines (Wilbur and Orville Wright). In his Cavalcade

of America, the Deeds and Achievements of the Men and

10 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Women Who Made Our Country Great, New York:

Crown Publishers, 1956, pp. 236—239.

Chandler, Charles D. and Lahm, Frank P. How Our Army

Grew Wings, Airmen and Aircraft Before 1914. New

York: The Ronald Press Company, 1943, 333 pp., +illus. 

Includes two chapters devoted to the Wrights, The

Birth of Aviation which recounts their early flying

experiments and The First Army Airplane which is

an account of their negotiations for the sale of their

aeroplane to the U.S. Army and of their Fort Myer trials, 1908-1909.

Chanute, Octave. Fortschritte und neuere Erfahrungen

im Kunstflug. In Moedebeck, Hermann W. L.,

Taschenbuch zumpraktischen Gebrauch fur

Flugtechniker und Luftschiffer, Berlin: W. H. Kuhl,

1904, pp. 322—340, +illus. 

English translation by W. Mansergh Varley,

London: Whittaker & Co., 1907, pp. 301—307.

Includes section devoted to the Wrights: 5.

Wright, pp. 330—334.

Charnley, Mitchell V. Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright

[Signed M. V. C.] In The World Book Encyclopedia,

Chicago: Field Enterprises, Inc., 1952, vol. 18, p. 8932.

Clark, Ronald W. The Wright Brothers. In his The Air,

London: Max Parrish [1966], pp. 55—83, +illus. 

A popular account of the early experiments of the

Wrights.

Cobianchi, Mario. I voli di Wilbur Wright a Roma. In his

Pionieri dell aviazione in Italia, Rome: Editoriale

Aeronautica, 1942, pp. 16—18.

Account of Wilbur Wright s flights at Centocelle,

near Rome in April 1909.

Combs, Harry, and Caidin, Martin. Kill Devil Hill:

Discovering the Secret of the Wright Brothers. Boston:

Houghton Mifflin Company, 1979, 389 pp., +illus. 

Biography of the Wright brothers based on both

original and secondary sources. Emphasis is on the

technical problems of flight and how the Wright

brothers solved them, but is presented in popular

terms. The first author, a pilot himself, describes the

sense of awe in flying, in often emotional terms.

Includes photographs, drawings, and an index. 

Conover, Charlotte R. The Birth of an Aeronautical

Industry. In her Dayton and Montgomery County,

Resources and People, New York: Lewis Historical

Publishing Co., 1932, vol. 2, pp. 487—489.

Includes brief mention of early Wright activities in

Dayton.

. The Home of Aviation, 1896-1915. In her The

Story of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio: The Otterbein Press,

1917, pp. 183—195, +illus. 

Discusses roles of Wrights in history of Dayton.

Coppens de Houthulst, Willy. Les Fr res Wright. In his

L Homme a Conquis le Ciel, Paris: Hachette [1937], pp.

81—104.

An account of the Wright brothers activities, 1899-

1905.

Cottler, Joseph, and Jaffe, Haym. The Wright Brothers.

In their Heroes of Civilization, Boston: Little, Brown,

1931, pp. 239—248.

Cox, James. The Wright Brothers. In his Journey

Through My Years, New York: Simon and Schuster,

1946, pp. 81—84.

Reminiscences by long-standing friend of Orville

Wright, a former governor of Ohio and owner of the

Dayton Daily News.

Crouch, Tom D., and Sharkey, Gerald S. A Wrong or

Two Wrights? Timeline, Aug./Sep. 1987, pp. 42—47,

+illus. 

The article presents opposing arguments as to the

authenticity of a purported 1893 photograph depicting

Wilbur and Orville Wright in the Wright brothers

bicycle shop in Dayton, Ohio. 

. Bishop s Boys: A Life of Wilbur and Orville

Wright. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1989, 606

pp., +illus. 

Detailed biography of the Wright brothers.

Emphasizes their relationships with their other siblings and relatives and especially the influence of their

father, Milton Wright (1828-1917), who was elected a

bishop of the United Bretheren Church in 1877.

Includes photographs, quotes from numerous original

sources as well as citations of numerous secondary

sources, and an extensive index. 

Chapter notes pp. 531—575, and bibliography of

over 150 entries. 

Crowder, B. M. [signed B. M. C.]. Wilbur and Orville

Wright. In Chambers s Encyclopaedia, New York:

Oxford University Press, 1950, vol. 14, p. 758.

Derieux, Mary, ed. Orville and Wilbur Wright. In her

One Hundred Great Lives, edited by John Allen [pseud.],

New York: Greystone Press, 1948, pp. 674—680.

Dollfus, Charles. Wilbur et Orville Wright, 1867-1912,

1871-1948. In Les inventeurs c l bres, Paris: Lucien

Mazenod, 1951, pp. 246—248, +illus. 

A Bibliography 11

Biographical References
Published also in a German translation by same

publisher, with title, Die Ber hmte Erfinder, 1951,

pp. 248—250, +illus.

Dollfus, Charles, and Bouche, Henri. Histoire de

L Aeronautique. Paris: L Illustration, 1942, 617 p.,

+illus. 

Includes sections dealing with the Wrights titled

Le Premier Vol Humain, pp. 169—176; Wilbur

Wright en France, pp. 196—197, and Les Premieres

Victimes de L Aviation, p. 198.

Donovan, Frank. The Early Eagles, New York: Dodd,

Mead & Company, 1962, 312 pp. 

Chapter three, pp. 49—69, titled The First Winged

Eagles, is a popular treatment of the Wright brothers.

Drury, Augustus W. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

history of the City of Dayton and Montgomery County,

Ohio, Chicago-Dayton: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co.,

1909, vol. 2, pp. 871—876.

Egbert, Howard. The Shop That Became a Shrine. A

Recital of the Real Story of the First Flight in an

Aeroplane by Wilbur and Orville Wright of Dayton,

Ohio, Dayton: The Dayton Chamber of Commerce,

1928, 8 pp. 

Issued on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the first successful flight.

Ferber, Ferdinand. L Aviation; ses debuts son developpement. Paris: Berger-Levrault & Cie, 1908, 250 pp.,

+illus. 

Includes two chapters devoted to the Wright brothers, Orville et Wilbur Wright, pp. 49—55 and

Wright de 1903 1907 ou le soi-disant myst re des

Wrights, pp. 82—95. A German translation of these

chapters was published in Die Kunst zu Fliegen; ihre

Anfange ihre Entwicklung, Berlin: Richard Carl

Schmidt & Co., 1910, pp. 71—77, 105—117.

Fess, Simeon D. The Wright Brothers. In his Ohio; a

Four-Volume Reference Library on the History of a

Great State, Chicago and New York: The Lewis

Publishing Co., 1937, vol. 4, pp. 396—399, ports.

Fisk, Fred C., and Todd, Marlin W. Wright Brothers from

Bicycle to Biplane: An Illustrated History of the Wright

Brothers. Dayton, Ohio: F. C. Fisk and M. W. Todd,

1990, 168 pp. 

Includes photographs of all six bicycle shops of the

Wright brothers as well as the Wright family s homes.

Foltmann, John. Flygplanet blir verklighet. In his Flykt

ver jorden, Stockholm: Kooperativa Forbundets bokforlag, 1945, pp. 14—22, +illus.

Franchere, Ruth. Illustrated by Louis Glanzman.

Crowell Biography Wright Brothers. New York:

Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1972, 41 pp., +illus. 

An easy-to-read biography of the Wright brothers

who built and flew the first powered airplane in 1903.

Fraser, Chelsea. The Wright Brothers. In his Famous

American Flyers, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell

Company, 1941, pp. 1—45.

Published also in 1942 edition.

. The Wrights Enter the Field [and] The Wrights

Invent the Airplane. In his The Story of Aircraft, New

York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1933, pp. 293—326,

+illus.

Freudenthal, Elsbeth E. Flight into History; the Wright

Brothers and the Air Age, Norman, Okla.: University of

Oklahoma Press, 1949, 281 pp., +illus. 

Pages 82—90 of chapter VI titled December 17,

1903 Climax and Beginning reprinted with title

Flight into History in Science Milestones, New

York: Windsor Press, 1954, pp. 270—275.

Biography emphasizing the business affairs of the

Wrights and their relationship with Octave Chanute,

with frequent quotations from the extensive

Wright—Chanute correspondence, but minimizing and

distorting their real contribution to the development of

the aeroplane. Includes numerous footnotes and a bibliography, pp. 253—261.

Galbreath, Charles B. The Wright Brothers. In his

History of Ohio, Chicago and New York: The American

Historical Society, Inc., 1925, vol. 2, pp. 792—796.

Garber, Paul E. The Wright Brothers. In his The National

Aeronautical Collections. 9th ed. Washington, D.C.: The

Smithsonian Institution, 1956, pp. 32—40, +illus.

(Smithsonian Institution Publication 4255) 

Included also in 10th ed., 1965.

Concise account of the Wright brothers by the senior curator and historian, National Air and Space

Museum. 

Garcia de Souza, Jos . A famosa-controv rsia: irm os

Wright, Santos-Dumont. Rio de Janeiro: Empresa

Grafica Ouvidor, 1948, 32 pp.

Presentation of evidence supporting SantosDumont and that supporting the Wrights in their

claims to the honor of first achieving powered flight.

12 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Gastambide, Robert. La joute France-Am rique In his

L Envol, Paris: Librairie Gallimard, 1932, pp. 117—154.

Discussion of rivalry which prevailed in 1908

between the French flyers and the Wrights.

Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. The Aeroplane; an Historical

Survey of Its Origins and Development. London: H.

Majesty s Stationery Office, 1960, 375 pp., +illus.

The Wright brothers and their contributions to aviation are discussed extensively in chapters titled The

Wright Brothers and the Invention of the Practical

Aeroplane: 1900-1905, pp. 35—44; The Beginnings

of Practical Aviation in Europe: 1900-1908, pp.

62—64; and in commentary on Wright Brothers, pp.

224—234. 

. The Invention of the Aeroplane (1799-1909).

New York: Taplinger Publishing Co., Inc., 1966, 360 pp.,

+illus. 

Originally published in Great Britain (London:

Faber, 1966).

A comprehensive, well documented, and excellently illustrated technological history by an aeronautical

historian associated for many years with the Victoria

and Albert Museum, London, emphasizing the role of

the Wright brothers in the development of the aeroplane. The experiments, achievements, flights, gliders, and aeroplanes of the Wrights are extensively

covered in many chapters and sections, particularly

sections 9—11, 13—14, 17—18, 22—23, 42—45, and 57.

Eight appendices include data on Wright aeroplanes,

engines, control systems, flights, and the Wrights

influence on the revival of European aviation, 1901-

1903. Includes bibliography, pp. 353—355. 

. The Wright Brothers. In his A History of Flying,

New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1954, pp. 223—245.

(Books That Matter).

Originally published in Great Britain (London:

Batsford, 1953).

Chapter XI of this book, titled The Invention of

the Aeroplane, deals with the early Wright experiments and the technical development of their aeroplane, 1900-1908. 

. The Wright Brothers: A Brief Account of Their

Work, 1899-1911. London: H. Majesty s Stationery

Office, 1963, 30 pp., +illus. 

Substance of a lecture delivered before the Royal

Institution of Great Britain, May 3, 1963. Pages 1—13

originally published with title Wright Brothers and

Their Invention of the Practical Aeroplane in Nature,

June 1, 1963, vol. 198, pp. 824—826.

Concise and authentic survey of the Wright brothers

achievements, their early gliding experiments, 1900-

1902, their aeroplanes and powered flights, 1903-1905,

their patent and flight control systems, their flights in

France and the United States in 1908-1909; Wright

aeroplane modifications, 1909-1911, and their influence on aviation abroad during the period 1902-1909.

Goldstrom, John. The Wright Brothers. In his A

Narrative History of Aviation, New York: MacMillan,

1930, pp. 24—45.

Goulder, Grace. Katharine Wright. In her Ohio Scenes

and Citizens, Cleveland and New York: World Book

Publishing Company, 1964, pp. 117—123.

Deals extensively with Katharine s brothers,

Orville and Wilbur.

Grahame—White, Claude. Wright Brothers. In his Heroes

of the Air, London: H. Frowde, Hodder and Stoughton,

1912, pp. 57—93.

Griffith, Ward. Illustrated by Henry E. Vallely. Orville

and Wilbur Wright. Racine, Wisconsin: Whitman

Publishing Company, 1946, pp. 10—15.

Hallion, Richard, editor. Wright Brothers: Heirs of

Prometheus. Washington, D.C.: National Air and Space

Museum, Smithsonian Institution; distributed by

Smithsonian Institution Press, 1978, 146 pp. 

With contributions by Roger E. Bilstein, Marvin W.

McFarland, and others.

Harrison, Michael. Airborne at Kitty Hawk; the Story of

the First Heavier-Than-Air Flight Made by the Wright

Brothers, December 17, 1903. With a Foreword by the

Marquess of Donegall. London: Cassell and Company,

Ltd., 1953, 118 pp. 

Essentially a popular history of aeronautics with

less than half, pp. 1—12, 86—114, devoted to the

Wright brothers.

Hathaway, Esse V. The Wright Brothers. In her Partners

in Progress, New York and London: McGraw—Hill Book

Company, 1935, pp. 163—183, +illus.

Hegener, Henri. Overwinning op vleugels; Wilbur en

Orville Wrightleerden ons vliegen. Haarlem; N. V.

Drukkerij De Spaarnestad [1953], 160 p., +illus. 

Reviewed in Avia Vliegwereld, Dec. 10, 1953, vol.

2, p. 647 and by Marvin W. McFarland in U.S. Air

Services, Nov. 1954, vol. 39, p. 17.

A popular general account of the Wright brothers.

Includes tables of (1) Wrights flights at Kitty Hawk,

N.C., 1903-1905, p. 149; (2) Wrights flights at Kitty

Hawk, May 6-14, 1908, p. 150; and (3) Orville s

flights at Fort Myer, Va., Sept. 3-17, 1908, p. 150. 

A Bibliography 13

Biographical References
Heinmuller, John P. V. Prologue. In his Man s Fight to

Fly, New York and London: Funk & Wagnalls, 1944, pp.

1—6.

Account of Wright 1903 flights and their significance.

Hildebrandt, Alfred. Die Bruder Wriqht; eine Studie

ber die Entwicklung derFlugmaschine von Lilienthal

bis Wright Mit 44 Abildungen. Berlin: Otto Elsner

Verlagsgesellschaft m. b. H., 1909, 64 pp., +illus. 

Based largely on materials on the Wrights sent the

author by Octave Chanute and on an interview and

materials obtained from Bishop Milton Wright on a

visit to Dayton. Hildebrandt was the first European to

do full justice to the achievements of the Wrights.

Hodgins, Eric, and Magoun, F. Alexander. The Immortal

Wrights. In their Sky High; the Story of Aviation, rev. ed.,

Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1935, pp.

178—191, +illus. 

Popular account of the Wrights through the year

1908.

Holland, Rupert S. The Wrights and the Airship. In his

Historic Inventions, Philadelphia: George W. Jacobs &

Company, 1911, pp. 273—295, +illus.

Holst, Helge. Br¿drene Wright og deres amerikanske

Forgaengere. In his Opfindernes Liv. Vol. 1,

Copenhagen: Gyldendal, 1914, pp. 262—297.

. Flyveproblemets L¿sning ved Br¿drene Wright.

In his Luftens Erobring, Copenhagen: Gyldendalske

Boghandel, 1909, pp. 78—92, +illus.

Howard, Fred. Wilbur and Orville: A Biography of the

Wright Brothers. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.,

1998, 530 pp., +illus. 

Detailed biography of the Wright brothers. In the

preface to the 1987 edition, reprinted here, the author

states that his purpose is to provide a more complete

account of the attempts of others to solve the problem

of flight at the same time as the Wright brothers, and

to provide a more complete account of the Wright

brothers after 1909, than earlier biographies. Includes

photographs, quotes from numerous original sources,

as well as citations of numerous secondary sources,

and an extensive index. With corrections. 

Chapter notes pp. 447—514, bibliography over 100

entries. 

Originally published by New York, Ballantine

Books, 1988. 

Hudson, Margaret. Illustrations by Alice Englander.

Lives and Ti m e s Wright Brothers. Des Plaines, Illinois:

Heinemann Interactive Library, 1999, 24 pp., +illus. 

A simple, large-print introduction to the lives and

work of the Wright brothers who invented the first

engine-driven flying machine. Includes a brief glossary, index, and suggestions for further reading.

Hylander, Clarence J. Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright.

In his American Inventors, New York: Macmillan, 1934,

pp. 204—205.

Johnston, S. Paul. Horizons Unlimited; a Graphic

History of Aviation. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce,

1941, 354 pp., +illus. 

Includes sections devoted to the Wright brothers in

his chapters on Gliders and Sailplanes, pp. 190—194

and on Airplanes, pp. 230—248.

Jordanoff, Assen. Enter the Flying Machine the

Wrights Go Aeroplaning! (1902-1909). In his Men and

Wings, Buffalo: Curtiss—Wright Corporation, Airplane

Division, 1942, pp. 23—29, +illus.

Joseph, Paul. Checkerboard Biography Library Wright

Brothers. Minneapolis: Abdo & Daughters, 1996, 32 pp,

+illus. 

Sketches the lives of the Wright Brothers who were

responsible for the first flight of a machine powered

aircraft on December 17, 1903. 

Karlson, Paul. Die Br der Wright. In his Der Mensch

Fliegt; Geschichte und Technik des Fliegens, Berlin: Im

Verlag Ullstein, 1937, pp. 109—140, +illus. 

Appears also in translation in Spanish, Portuguese,

Swedish, and Italian editions.

Kelly, Fred C. Wright Brothers: A Biography. New York:

Dover Publications, Inc., 1989, 340 pp., +illus. 

Unaltered reprint, originally published as the

Wright Brothers: A Biography Authorized by Orville

Wright by New York, Harcourt, Brace & Company,

1943 (below). 

Popular but detailed biography, and the only

authorized biography, of the Wright brothers (authorized by Orville after Wilbur s death). Includes photographs and an extensive index.

. The Wright Brothers. A Biography Authorized

by Orville Wright. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co.,

1943, 340 pp., +illus. 

Published also in other editions, London: George G.

Harrap and Co., Ltd., 1944, 276 pp.; New York:

Farrar, Straus, and Young, Inc., 1951, 340 pp.; with

introduction by Richard Tyre, New York: Ballantine

Books, 1966, 224 pp.; Spanish translation by Mario

dos Santos, with title Los Hermanos Wright, Buenos

14 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Aires: Plaza & Janes, 1964, 269 pp. and in German

translation with title Die Gebruder Wright, die

Erfinder des Motorfluges, Stuttgart: I. Gnamm, 1947,

214 p., which does not include chapter XIX, Why the

Wright Plane Was Exiled, pp. 300—333 in the English

edition. Popular non-technical biography based on

original research in the Wright Papers and authenticated in manuscript by Orville Wright.

. The Wright Brothers. In Dunaway, Philip and

de Kay, George, eds. Turning Point; Fateful Moments

That Revealed Men and Made History, New York:

Random House, 1958, pp. 245—249.

Kelton, Nancy. Illustrated by Tom Hamilton. Sled the

Brothers Made. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Raintree

Editions, 1971, 31 pp., +illus. 

Recalls the experiences of the young Wright brothers who were introduced to principles of aerodynamics while building a sled.

Kirk, Stephen. First in Flight: The Wright Brothers in

North Carolina. Winston-Salem, North Carolina: J. F.

Blair, 1995, 341 pp., +illus. 

Biography of the Wright brothers from 1900 on,

with emphasis on their activities and personal associations in North Carolina, based on original as well as

secondary sources. The author argues that the unique

geography, wind conditions, and people of North

Carolina, enabled the Wright brothers to succeed there

where they probably would not have anywhere else.

Includes original photographs and an index.

Klemin, Alexander. The Wright Brothers. In Lord, John,

Beacon Lights of History, edited by George Spencer

Hulbert, New York: Wm. H. Wise & Co., 1924, vol. 8,

pp. 281—324, 

Frequently cited by Orville as one of the best

accounts of the Wright brothers to this date.

Labuschagne, J. J. [Remakers of the World. Wilbur and

Orville Wright: Conquerors of the Airspace]

Herskeppers van die Wereld. Wilbur en Orville Wright:

Veroweraars van die Lugruim. Cape Town (Kaapstad),

South Africa: Nasionale Boekhandel, 1964, 141 pp. (pertinent, pp. 101—112).

Brief biography of the Wright brothers.

In Afrikaans. 

Lane, Louise, and Albert, James. Classic Americans.

New Rochelle, New York: Windham Press, 1999, 300

pp., +illus. (pertinent, pp. 138—153).

Short biographies of selected Americans, with a

chapter devoted to each, to serve as inspirational

examples for older children. One chapter is devoted to

the Wright brothers. Bibliography, pp. 298—300, of

which 2 refs. are pertinent to the Wright brothers. 

Larsen, Egon. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his Men

Who Changed the World; Stories of Invention and

Discovery, London: Phoenix House, 1952, pp. 121—143.

Law, Frederick Houk. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

Civilization Builders, New York: D. Appleton-Century,

1939, pp. 67—73.

. Wilbur and Orville Wright: Inventors of the

Aeroplane. In his Modern Great Americans, New York:

Century, 1926, pp. 275—286.

Lelasseux, Louis, and Marque, Ren . L Aeroplane

Wright. In their L A roplane pour tous, Paris: Soci t

d ditions A ronautiques, 1909, pp. 69—79, +illus.

Included also in later editions.

Loening, Grover. Our Wings Grow Faster. Garden City,

N. Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1935, 203 pp.

Includes account of Loening s association with the

Wright Company, 1913-1914, pp. 30—48. 

Longyard, William H. Who s Who in Aviation History:

500 Biographies. Novato, California: Presidio Press,

1994, 203 pp. 

Biographical entry on Orville and Wilbur Wright,

pp. 200—202.

McFee, Inez M. [The Wright Brothers], In her Stories of

American Inventions, New York: Crowell, 1921, pp.

236—251.

McMahon, John R. The Wright Brothers, Fathers of

Flight. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1930, 308

pp.,+illus. 

Originally published with title, The Real Fathers

of Flight, as series of articles in Popular Science

Monthly, Jan. 1929, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 17—19,

142—144, Feb., no. 2, pp. 42—44, 152—158, Mar., no. 3,

pp. 42—44, 142—147, Apr., no. 4, pp. 42—44, 156, 160,

May, no. 5, pp. 48—58, 136—139, June, no. 6, pp.

52—53, 154; also published serially in Dayton Sunday

News, Nov. 2-23, 1930, Jan. 4, 1931; also in another

trade edition, New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1930.

Romanticized biography in which interviews with

the Wright family and accounts of the Wrights are presented in a highly dramatic and inaccurate form.

McSpadden, J. Walker. The Mechanics Who Taught Us

How To Fly: Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his How They

Blazed the Way; Men Who Have Advanced Civilization,

New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1939, pp. 265—279.

A Bibliography 15

Biographical References
Maitland, Lester J. Knights of the Air. Garden City, New

York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc., 1929, 338

pp., +illus. 

Includes five chapters dealing with the Wrights, pp.

10—24, 37—83, which were first published in Worlds

Work, Aug.-Sept. 1927, vol. 56, pp. 374—387, 512—527.

Marchis, Lucien. Les vols de Wilbur Wright en France.

In his Vingt cing ans d a ronautique francais, Paris:

Chambre Syndicale des Industries A ronautiques, 1934,

vol. 1, pp. 54—58, +illus.

Marcosson, Isaac F. Colonel Deeds, Industrial Builder,

New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1947, 374 pp. 

Includes references to Deed s relationship and

friendship with the Wrights.

Marquis, Raoul. Les a roplanes: historique, calcul et

construction, par II. de Graffigny [pseud.], 2. d., Paris:

Librairie Bernard Tignol, 1909, 140 pp. 

Includes two chapters on the Wright brothers,

Historique de l aviation: A roplanes Wright pp.

22—24; Construction des a roplanes: A roplanes

Chanute—Wright, pp. 60—69, +illus.

Martin, Rudolf. Wright und Zeppelin. Berlin: Verlag von

Mickisch, Segler & Co. [1909], 23 pp. 

Author discusses the military significance for

Germany of the development of the airship by

Zeppelin and of the aeroplane by the Wrights.

Masters, David. Man s First Flight: The Wright

Brothers. In his On the Wing; the Pioneers of the Flying

Age, London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1934, pp. 3—22.

Meyer, Willy. Die Gebr der Wright. In his Von Wright

bis Junkers; Das erste Vierteljahrhundert Menschenflug,

1903-1928, Berlin: Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft f r

Politik und Geschichte, M. B. H., 1928, pp. 5—11.

Meynell, Laurence W. First Men to Fly, London: W.

Laurie, 1955, 158 pp., +illus. 

A popular account of the Wright brothers.

Miller, Ivonette. Orville and Wilbur Wright: An Intimate

Memoir, Antioch Review, Summer 1976, vol. 34.

The niece of Orville and Wilbur Wright discusses

the characters and family life in Dayton, Ohio, and

elsewhere between 1901 and 1948.

. Wright Reminiscences. 1978, 201 pp. 

Self-published, typewritten manuscript of reminiscences by Ivonette Wright Miller (daughter, born in

1896, of Lorin Wright, born in 1862, older brother of

Wilbur and Orville), and other family members and

friends of the Wright brothers. Includes original letters

and speeches.

Miller, Trevelyan. Birth of a New A g e Wrights in the

Air. In his The World in the Air, New York: G. P.

Putnam s Sons, 1930, vol. 2, pp. 96—107, +illus. 

Popular pictorial account.

Morris, Lloyd, and Smith, Kendall. Ceiling Unlimited;

the Story of American Aviation from Kitty Hawk to

Supersonics. New York: The Macmillan Company,

1953, 417 pp., +illus. 

Part 1, Dawn of the Aerial Age, pp. 1—59, is

almost entirely devoted to the Wright brothers. Part 2,

Men Try Their Wings, pp. 61—126, also deals extensively with the Wrights.

Mortane, Jacques. Les fr res Wilbur et Orville Wright.

In his La Vie des hommes illustres de l aviation, Paris:

ditions Roche d Estrez, 1926, pp. 55—71.

Mowbray, Jay H. Early Experiments of the Wright

Brothers. In his Conquest of the Air by Airship and Other

Flying Machines Philadelphia: National Publishing

Co., 1910, pp. 156—175.

Naidenov, Vasilii F. Aeroplan brat ev Rait. S 15 risunkami v tekstie. [The Wright Brothers Aeroplane. With 15

Illustrations in the Text.] S.-Peterburg: Tip. V. A.

Tikhanova, 1908, 46 pp., +illus. 

Originally published in Vozdukhoplavatel , Sept.-

Oct. 1908, vol. 3, pp. 349—390.

Popular account of the early Wright experiments

with a description of their aeroplane, a report on the

Wrights 1908 flights in France and America, through

October 11, and a discussion of their significance.

. Aeroplan brat ev Rait. S. izlozheniem kratkoi

teorii aeroplanov. Izd. 2., zannovo perer, i dop. S 34

risunkami v tekstie. [The Wright Brothers Aeroplane.

With 34 Illustrations in the Text. 2. ed., rev., and enl.]

S.-Peterburg: Ind. zhurnala Vozdukhoplavatel , 1909,

86 pp., +illus. 

Revised edition of the above, including an account

and chronological tables of the Wright flights through

March 1909 and a discussion of the progress of aviation in Europe and of the possible applications of the

aeroplane.

Nansontz, Max de. Biplan Wright. In his A rostation,

aviation, Paris: Boivin & Cie, 1911, pp. 677—688, +illus.

Napole o, Aluizio. Os irm os Wright. In his Santos

Dumont e a conquista do ar, Rio de Janeiro: Imprensa

Nacional, 1941, pp. 115—129, 205—252.

16 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
This book and its sections devoted to the Wright

brothers was published also in Spanish translation Rio

de Janeiro: Imprensa Nacional, 1943, vol. 1, pp.

114—132, 205—251 and in English translation Rio de

Janeiro: National Printing Office, 1945, vol. 1, pp.

130—155, 239—285. The sections on the Wrights are

also included in the second edition (S o Paulo:

Companhia Editora Nacional, 1957), pp. 142—161,

253—312.

Extensive discussion of Wrights flights and claims

in sections titled The Flight with the Heavier-thanAir Machine and Priority in Airplane Flying.

Quotes extensively from accounts of the Wrights by

Captain Ferber and John McMahon in his book The

Wright Brothers. Casts doubt on Wright claims and

concludes that Santos-Dumont was the first man to

fly in a heavier-than-air machine. 

News Front [periodical]. They Taught the World to Fly

[The Wright Brothers]. In its 50 Great Pioneers of

American Industry. [Maplewood, New Jersey: C. S.

Hammend, 1964], pp. 144—147.

Orville Wright Dinner of the Society of Automotive

Engineers, Inc., July [June], 1918, Dayton, Ohio. [New

York: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., 1918], 32

pp., +illus.

Commemorative brochure including reprints of

The Wright Brothers Aeroplane by Orville and

Wilbur Wright, How We Made the First Flight, by

Orville Wright, and Some Aeronautical

Experiments, by Wilbur Wright.

Parkman, Mary R. The Wright Brothers. In her

Conquests of Invention, New York: Century, 1921, pp.

330—343.

Patterson, John C. Wright Brothers; Self-Made

Scientists. In his America s Greatest Inventors, New

York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1943, pp. 174—188, +illus.

Peyrey, Francois. Les premiers hommes-oiseaux; Wilbur

et Orville Wright. Paris: H. Guiton, 1908, 78 pp., +illus. 

First published monograph on the Wrights, describing their early experiments as reported in France, primarily in L A rophile and L Auto, and reprinting

many published letters and documents from these

publications. Includes a Wright chronology, 1900-

August 8, 1908.

. Les premiers hommes-oiseaux; Wilbur et

Orville Wright. dition nouvelle, relatant toutes les

exp riences des fr res Wright, en France et aux tatsUnis d Am rique. 50 photographies, dessins, croquis

c t s & sch mas. Paris: H. Guiton, 1909, 154 pp., +illus. 

Published also without chapter VII L Histoire

r sum e des fr res Wright and Documents relatifs 

diverses enqu tes, pp. 127—154, in his Les oiseau

artificiels, Paris: H. Dunod et E. Pinat, 1909, pp.

121—211, 636—655.

Enlarged edition of the above with four additional

chapters including an account of Wilbur s flights at Le

Mans, Orville s flights at Fort Myer, extensive

chronological tables of these flights, and a translation

of the Century Magazine article by the Wrights,

September 1908.

Polillo, Raoul. Santos-Dumont e os irm os Wright. In

his Santos-Dumont g nio, S o Paulo: Companhia

Editora Nacional, 1950, pp. 256—271.

Sets forth Brazilian viewpoint that Santos-Dumont

was the first to achieve powered flight.

Pritchard, J. Laurence. The Wright Brothers and the

Wright Machine. In his The Book of the Aeroplane,

London, New York: Longmans, Green and Co., 1935,

pp. 13—27.

Included also in the first and second editions of this

work, 1926 and 1929, pp. 21—35. 

A popular account of the Wrights and their activities through 1908.

Raleigh, Walter. The Wrights. In his The War in the Air,

Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1922, vol. 1, pp. 56—73.

Renstrom, Arthur G. Wilbur & Orville Wright: A

Chronology Commemorating the Hundredth

Anniversary of the Birth of Orville Wright, August 19,

1871. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1975, 234

pp. 

Comprehensive and detailed chronology (1867-

1971), of the Wright brothers’ lives and pertinent

events after their deaths. Includes the Wright brothers

flight log (1900-1918) and an extensive index. The

year 1971 was the 100th anniversary of the birth of

Orville Wright.

Reynolds, Quentin, J. Wright Brothers, Pioneers of

American Aviation. New York: Random House, 1981,

147 pp. 

A biography on the Wright brothers, including how

their mother taught them to analyze problems, inventing a newspaper-folding machine, building their own

bicycle, and refusing to give up their dream of flying

an airplane. First copyright 1950.

Rosenbaum, Robert A. American Profiles: Aviators

Wilbur and Orville Wright. New York: Facts on File,

Inc., 1992, pp. 1—14, +illus. 

Profiles the lives and achievements of nine pioneers

A Bibliography 17

Biographical References
in American aviation, including the Wright Brothers.

Includes chronologies, suggestions for further reading, and an index. Includes biographical references.

Rowland-Entwistle, Theodore. Illustrated by W. Francis

Phillipps. Children of History Wilbur & Orville Wright.

New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1988, 31 pp., +illus. 

A biography focusing on the childhood of the airplane inventors, Wilbur and Orville Wright. Includes

index. 

Sabin, Louis. Illustrated by John Lawn. Wilbur and

Orville Wright: The Flight to Adventure. Mahwah, New

Jersey: Troll Associates, 1983, 48 pp., +illus. 

Focuses on the childhood of the Wright brothers

and the inventiveness they displayed from their earliest days.

Santal Sors, Luis. Los primeros aviones: los hermanos

Wright. In his Historia de la aeronautica, Buenos Aires:

Espasa-Calpe Argentina, S.A., 1946, pp. 163—168.

Savorgnan di Brazz , Francesco. La navigazione aerea.

Milano: Fratelli Treves, 1910, 284 pp., +illus. 

Includes three chapters on the Wright brothers; I

fratelli Wright e la loro opera, pp. 92—95, Lavenuta

dei fratelli Wright in Europa e el loro trionfo definitivo, pp. 107—116, and Il biplano Wright, pp.

116—124.

[Schmidt, Georg.] Die Flug-Maschine der Gebr der

Wright. Westerland Sylt: Druck von Fr. Rossberg,

[1909], 8 pp.

Sewell, W. Stuart, ed. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In

Brief Biographies of Famous Men and Women, New

York: Permabooks, 1949, pp. 207—209.

Sherman, Dallas B. Street to the Sky; a Play in Three

Acts. San Francisco, Calif.: Dallas P. Sherman, 1953,

129 pp. 

Deals with the Wright brothers.

Smith, Henry Ladd. Kitty Hawk. In his Airways: the

History of Commercial Aviation in the United States,

New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1942, pp. 3—18.

Popular version of the early Wright experiments.

Smith, Maurice H. [signed M. H. Sm.]. Orville and

Wilbur Wright. In Collier s Encyclopedia, New York: P.

F. Collier and Son, 1932, vol. 19, pp. 601—602, +illus.

Sproule, Anna. Giants of Science Wright Brothers: The

Birth of Modern Aviation. Woodbridge, Connecticut:

Blackbirch Press, 1999, 64 pp. 

A biography of the brothers who made the world s

first flight in a power-driven, heavier-than-air

machine at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, in 1903.

Richly illustrated, it includes a detailed table of contents as well as a glossary. Includes bibliographical

references, web sites, and an index. 

Stewart, Oliver. [Wright Brothers]. In his First Flights,

New York: Pitman Publishing Corporation [1958], pp.

23—30.

Sullivan, Mark. Orville and Wilbur Wright. In his Our

Times, 1900-1925, New York: Charles Scribner s Sons,

1935, vol. 2, pp. 568—613, +illus. 

Extensive and well documented account based on

interview and data supplied the author by Orville

Wright.

Tate, William J. Brochure of the Twenty-Fifth

Anniversary of the First Successful Airplane Flight,

1903-1928; Kitty Hawk, N.C., December 17, 1928.

[Kitty Hawk, N.C.: The Author, 1928], 12 pp., +illus. 

Compiled from photos, magazine articles, speech

of Wilbur Wright before the Western Society of

Engineers, Chicago and general data collected and

kept by Wm. J. Tate including some extracts from personal letters from Orville Wright, p. 1. 

Tatin, Victor. El ments d aviation. Les exp riences

d aviation deWilbur et d Orville Wright. Description de

l aeroplaneWright. Paris: H. Dunod & E. Pinat, 1909, 71

pp., +illus. 

This second edition of Tatin s book includes several

supplementary pages on the work of the Wrights, pp.

61—65. The first edition 1908 included an Appendice

of two pages on the Wrights, pp. 59—60. 

Taylor, Richard L. First Flight: The Story of the Wright

Brothers. New York: Franklin Watts, 1990, 64 pp. 

Describes how the Wright brothers developed the

first airplane and places their achievement in the context of the aeronautic technology of the time. Includes

numerous photographs and an index. Includes bibliographical references.

Thomas, Henry, and Thomas, Dana L. The Wright

Brothers. In their 50 Great Modern Lives, Garden City,

New York: Hanover House, 1956, pp. 341—348.

Published also in their Life Stories of the Great

Inventors, Garden City, New York: Haleyon House,

1948, pp. 244—254, +illus. and in their 50 Great

Americans, Garden City, New York: Doubleday &

Company, Inc., 1948, pp. 368—375.

18 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
. Wright Brothers Conquerors of the Air. In

their Living Adventures in Science, Garden City, New

York: Hanover House, 1954, pp. 231—239.

Tillman, Stephen F. Man Unafraid. Washington, D.C.:

Army Times Publishing Company, 1958, 228 pp. 

Abridgements of these chapters originally published in Army—Navy—Air Force Register, June 1-

August 17, 1957.

Chapters 1—10, pp. 1—79, concern the Wright brothers negotiations with the War Department for the sale

of their aeroplane, 1905-1908; the Fort Myer trials,

1908 and 1909; and the training of Lieutenants Frank

P. Lahm and Benjamin D. Foulois by Wilbur.

Tomizuka, Kiyoshi. [Wright brothers] Raito Kyodai.

Tokyo: Kodansha, 1988, 281 pp., +illus. 

Popular but detailed and informative biography of

the Wright brothers. Includes a general history of

flight and many excellent drawings illustrating the

principles of flight. 

In Japanese.

A Tribute to the Wright Brothers, Who Accomplished the

First Successful Powered Flight by Man on December

17, 1903. New York: Aerosphere, Inc., 1943, pp.

ciii—cxlv, +illus. 

Preprint of a section from Aerosphere, 1943.

Includes brief fortieth-year anniversary statement

by Orville Wright, The 1914 Tests of the Langley

Aerodrome by C. G. Abbot, The Evolution of the

Wright Airplane by E. W. Robischon, and

Technical Descriptions of the Gliders and Airplanes

Constructed by the Wright Brothers, Arranged in

Chronological Order. 

Turgan, L. Avions et aviateurs d aujourd hui. Les fr res

Wright. In his Histoire de l aviation, Paris: Librairie des

sciences et d industrie, 1909, pp. 189—196, +illus.

Turner, Charles C. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his The

Romance of Aeronautics. London: Seeley, Service &

Co., Limited, 1912, pp. 166—199.

Untermeyer, Louis. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

Makers of the Modern World, New York: Simon and

Schuster, 1955, pp. 360—367.

Victorin, Harald. Br derna Wright, de tv som helt lyckades. In his Flygbragder och bragdflygare Malm :

A.-B. Allhems Forlag, 1948, pp. 12—15, +illus.

Vivian, E. Charles. The Wright Brothers. In his A

History of Aeronautics, London: W. Collins Sons & Co.,

Ltd., 1921, pp. 145—175, +illus.

Wade, Mary H. The Wright Brothers. Boston: Little,

Brown, 1914, pp. 112—141.

Walters, David W. Wilbur and Orville Wright; They

Taught the World to Fly. In his Modern Lives. London:

Collins, 1954, pp. 53—60.

[Watson, Thomas]. Wilbur and Orville Wright. Glasgow:

W. & R. Holmes, 1950.

In Pioneers of Progress, pp. 85—88, +illus.

Wead, Frank. Wings for Men. New York & London: The

Century Co., 1931, 333 pp., +illus. 

Includes extensive reference to the Wright brothers,

pp. 126—148, 158—162.

Weiller, Lazare. L aviation et l a roplane des fr res

Wright. In De Montgolfier Wilbur Wright; compte

rendu de la52e r union de la Soci t arch ologique Le

Vieux Papierle 22 d cembre 1908, Paris: Chez P.

Flobert, s cr taire g n ral de la Soci t Le Vieux

Papier, 1909, pp. 21—32, +illus. 

Reprinted from Bulletin de la Soci t

arch ologique le Vieux Papier.

Address by the head of the French Wright company

discussing his association and dealings with the

Wrights.

Welch, Helena. Wilbur and Orville s Toy. In her When

They Were Children. Nashville, Tennessee: Southern

Publishing Association, 1965, pp. 127—129.

White, D. Thompson. The Wright Brothers. In

Humphreys, Pauline A. and Hosey, Gertrude, The First

Successful Flyers Romance of the Airman. Boston: Ginn

and Company, 1931, pp. 185—195, +illus.

Whitehouse, Arch. The Saga of the Wrights. In his The

Early Birds, Garden City, New York: Doubleday &

Company, Inc., 1965, pp. 61—78.

Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), Orville Wright (b. 1871). In

The Encyclopaedia of Aviation, London: Sir Isaac

Pitman & Sons, Ltd., 1935, p. 642.

Williams, Walter R., Jr. The Wright Brothers. In his

Exploring The Arts and Industries. Scranton, Pa:

International Textbook Company, 1940, pp. 247—251,

+illus.

The Wright Brothers. Dayton, Ohio: Carillon Park,

[1949], [26 pp.], +illus. 

Wright Hall in Carillon Park houses the restored

1905 Wright aeroplane.

A Bibliography 19

Biographical References
Wright Brothers Era. In Flight; a Pictorial History of

Aviation, New York: Year, Inc., 1958, pp. 32—39, +illus. 

A pictorial record of the Wrights.

Wright Company. The Beginnings of Human Flight.

New York: [1916], 4 pp. 

Brochure prepared for distribution at the exhibition

of the Wright 1903 aeroplane at the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology, Boston, June 11, 12, and 13,

1916. 

The Wrights (Orville and Wilbur). In All the World s

Airships 1910-11. London: Sampson Low, Marston

& Co., Ltd., 1910, p. 440.

Wymer, Norman. Wright Brothers. London: Oxford

University Press, 1957, 32 pp. (Lives of Great Men and

Women).

Zenkevich, Michael. Brat ia Rait. [Wright Brothers.]

Moskva: Zhurnal no-gazetnoe ob edinenie, 1933, [199

pp.], +illus. (Zhizn Zamechatel -nykh liudei,vyp.

vii—viii). 

Includes bibliography, p. 198.

Periodical Articles

Allward, M. F. Some Practical Aspects of the Wrights

Work. Aeronautics, Dec. 1953, vol. 29, pp. 60, 63—64,

+illus. 

Deals with and stresses the significance of the early

Wright gliding experiments, 1900-1902. 

Anderson, John D., Jr. Wright Brothers: The First True

Aeronautical Engineers. In Wright Flyer: An

Engineering Perspective. Edited by Howard S. Wolko.

Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, National Air

and Space Museum, 1987, pp. 1—17, +illus. 

Introduction to the engineering problems the

Wright brothers faced and how they solved them for

the first successful flight. Includes a brief historical

account of that day.

Background of the Wrights. Engineering, Dec. 11, 1953,

vol. 176, pp. 752—754, +illus. 

Deals primarily with Dayton, Ohio, and its influence on the Wright brothers.

Bassett, Preston R. 1903-1953: A Tribute to the Wright

Brothers. Sperryscope, Dec. 1953, vol. 12, pp. 2—3, +illus.

Bonnalie, Allan F. They Still Look to the Wrights.

Pegasus, Dec. 1953, vol. 23, pp. 5—7, +illus. 

Stresses achievements and accomplishments of the

Wright brothers.

Breyer, Victor, and Coquelle, Robert. La Vie et les

inventions des fr res Wright. La Vie au grand air, Mar.

20-May 29, 1909 pp. 195—196, 211—212, 227—228,

243—244, 259—260, 262—263, 275—276, 291—292,

307—308, 323—324, 339—340, 355—356, +illus. 

Series of eleven articles on the Wright brothers.

Brookins, Walter R. Early Days with the Wright

Brothers. Chirp, June 1936, no. 16, p. 3. 

Reminiscences of a neighbor of the Wrights in

Dayton who learned to fly at Montgomery, Alabama,

under instruction of Orville Wright and was later put

in charge of Wright Flying School.

Buist, H. Massac. The Human Side of Flying. Being an

Attempt to Introduce the Reader to Messrs. Orville and

Wilbur Wright at Pau. Flight, Mar. 6-13, 1909, vol. 1, pp.

128—129, 141—143, +illus.

Casson, Herbert N. At Last We Can Fly. The Story of the

Wright Brothers, Who, After Years of Experimenting,

Have Made Flying Practicable. American Magazine,

Apr. 1907, vol. 63, pp. 616—624, +illus. 

Published also in Pearson s Magazine, July 1907,

vol. 24, pp. 94—99; French translation in Le Revue de

L Aviation, May 15, 1907, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 2—5, and

in La Conqu te de L Air, June 1, 1907, vol. 4, no. 11.

Coffyn, Frank T. Flying with the Wrights. World s Work,

Dec. 1929, vol. 58, pp. 80—86, Jan. 1930, vol. 59, pp.

76—82, +illus. 

Author s reminiscences of his early flying days,

including account of his associations with the

Wrights, 1910-1912.

Coles, T. R. Orville and Wilbur Wright as a Schoolmate

Knew Them. Out West, Jan. 1910, vol. 32, pp. 36—38.

Coppens de Houthulst, Willy. The Birth of Flying; the

Wright Brothers. Interavia; Review of World Aviation,

Dec. 1953, vol. 8, pp. 692—693, +illus. 

Popular account by a Belgian World War I air ace,

based on The Wright Brothers: Fathers of Flight, by

John R. McMahon.

Drury, Augustus W. The Wright Brothers and Their

Aeroplane. Religious Telescope, Dec. 23, 1908, pp. 6—8,

+illus. 

Published also in Greater Dayton, June 1909, vol.

2, pp. 214—218; Herald of Gospel Liberty, June 17,

1909, vol. 11, pp. 16—17.

20 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Dryden, Hugh L. Our Heritage from Wilbur and Orville

Wright. Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences, Dec.

1953, vol. 20, pp. 803—804.

Golden anniversary tribute by the Director,

National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.

Ewald, Gustav. 50 Jahre Menschenflug. Flugwelt, Dec.

1953, vol. 5, pp. 363—367, +illus. 

General review of the Wrights and their achievements on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of

their first flights at Kitty Hawk, N.C. 

Fifty Years of Aviation Progress; Background

Information on Aviation s First 50 Years. Washington,

D.C.: National Committee to Observe the 50th

Anniversary of Powered Flight, 1953, 59 pp. 

Chapter 2, pp. 5—8, is titled A New Dimension for

Travel the Wrights.

Findley, Earl N. The Wrights and the Reporter. Beehive,

Spring 1953, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 25—29, +illus. 

Author s reminiscences of his long acquaintance

and association with the Wrights, beginning in 1908

when he was a reporter on the New York Tribune and

continuing until Orville s death, January 30, 1948. 

Flying Men of America. Current Literature, Dec. 1910,

vol. 49, pp. 615—616, +illus. 

Includes brief sketch of the Wright brothers.

Foltmann, John. 17. December 1903. Da Orville og

Wilbur Wright l¿ste flyveproblemet for 50 r siden, Flyv

Dec. 1953, vol. 26, pp. 243—244, +illus. 

Wright brothers fiftieth anniversary article by the

editor of Flyv.

Geibert, Ron. Wright Brothers: Engineers and

Photographers. American Aviation Historical Society

Journal, Winter 1984, pp. 310—313, +photos

Focusing on the Wright brothers interest in photography, the author includes reprints of photographs

taken by Wilbur and Orville.

Giacomelli, Raffaele. In Memoria di Wilbur e Orville

Wright. L Aerotecnica, Feb. 15-Apr. 15, 1949, vol. 29,

pp. 34—45, 95—107, (English abstract pp. 64, 126—128).

Abridged Scienza e tecnica, Nov.-Dec. 1948.

Communciation commemorating the life and work

of the Wright brothers, submitted to the Seventh

Meeting of the Associazione Italiana di Aerotecnica,

September 23-25, 1948. Extensive study of the

Wrights with an account of their early experiments

and flights, their negotiations for the sale of their

aeroplane, the Wright—Smithsonian controversy, and

an examination of their writings. Includes a discussion of their early laboratory experiments, their

importance, and the question of their authenticity

with inclusion of author s correspondence with

English scientist, F. W. Lanchester, regarding these

experiments.

Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. The Seal of Half a Century.

Aeronautics, Dec. 1953, vol. 29, pp. 28—35, +illus. 

An anniversary article reviewing the achievements,

early experiments, and flights of the Wright brothers

through the year 1908. Includes a general arrangement

drawing of the original Wright 1903 Flyer and a facsimile of the patent drawing of their flying machine as

found in their patent application filed March 23, 1903,

which was granted May 22, 1906. 

Hegener, Henri. Belangrijke data uit het leven der

gebroeders Wright. Het Vliegveld, Dec. 1928, vol. 12,

pp. 369—371.

Chronology.

Hegener, Henri, and Reyneker, F. H. Het werk der

gebroeders Wright. Het Vliegveld, Jan. 1924, vol. 8, pp.

3—9, +illus. 

First article in a series titled De Baanbrekers der

Dynamische Luchtvaart.

Hildebrandt, Alfred. Fliegende Menschen. Gartenlaube,

Sept. 2, 1909, vol. 57, pp. 720—722, +illus.

Impressions of American Inventors. The Wright

Brothers and Their Achievements. Scientific American,

June 12, 1909, vol. 114, p. 443.

Inaga, Taruho. In Honour of Wright Brothers [It began

with the Wright Brothers]. Raito kyodai ni hajimaru,

Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1970, 273 pp. 

Popular history of the development of the airplane,

1903-1912. 

In Japanese.

Ingells, Douglas J. Wilbur and Orville Student Pilots.

Flying, Apr. 1954, vol. 54, pp. 32—33, 54—56.

Primarily an account of the early experiments of the

Wright brothers prior to their first successful flight on

December 17, 1903. 

Kelly, Fred C. At Home with the Wrights. New York

Times, Oct. 11, 1953, sec. 10, p. 4, +illus.

Kettering, Charles F. [Tribute to the Wright Brothers.]

Aviation and Yachting, Dec. 1943, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 7, 48.

Guest editorial by Orville s friend, vice-president

and general manager of General Motors Corporation.

A Bibliography 21

Biographical References
Kinzler, Alice E. A Pass at the Infinite. USA 1; Monthly

News and History, July 1962, vol. 1, pp. 32—37, +illus. 

Popular summary of Wright brothers achievements.

Langewiesche, Wolfgang. What the Wrights Really

Invented. Harper s Magazine, June 1950, vol. 200, pp.

102—105. 

Reprinted: U.S. Air Services, Aug. 1950, vol. 35,

no. 8, pp. 13—17, +illus.

List of Firsts for Wrights. Air Force Times, April 5,

1958, vol. 18, p. 37.

McFarland, Marvin W. The Gentlemen and the Press.

Boeing Magazine, Dec. 1953, vol. 23, pp. 8—11.

Deals with the relations of the Wright brothers with

the press, 1903-1908, and with their press policy. 

. A Look at Aviation Fifty-Three Years After. U.S.

Air Services, Dec. 1956, vol. 41, pp. 5—6.

An anniversary editorial contrasting piloting as

practiced by the Wrights with increasingly mechanized techniques in the jet age.

. When the Airplane Was a Military Secret: a

Study of National Attitudes Before 1914. U.S. Air

Services, Sept. 1954, vol. 39, pp. 11, 14, 16; Oct. 1954,

vol. 39, pp. 18, 20—22. 

Published also in Air Power Historian, Oct. 1955,

vol. 2, pp. 70—82, and adapted in Emme, Eugene M.,

The Impact of Air Power; National Security and

World Politics (Princeton, New Jersey: D. Van

Nostrand Company, 1959), pp. 20—26.

Lecture delivered before the Annual History

Conference at the State University of Iowa, on April

10, 1954, dealing especially with the long and unsuccessful negotiations for the sale of their aeroplane to

the governments of England, France, Germany, and

the United States prior to their American contract of

February 10, 1908.

McIntyre, Doug. Wings for Man, American History

Illustrated, Jan./Feb. 1994, pp. 30—43, 66, 69, +illus. 

Biographical study, including their bouts with illness, the birth of their interest in flight, early struggles

and disillusionment, and their final achievement of

powered flight. Includes numerous photographs.

McMahon, John R. How a Twisted Paper Gave Us

Aviation. Popular Science Monthly, Sept. 1925, vol.

107, no. 9, pp. 28—29, 128—131, +illus. 

Popular presentation of early Wright experiments,

1899-1903.

Mayer, Robert. Wright Brothers, 1903-1943. Scotts

Monthly Journal, Dec. 1943, vol. 24, pp. 324—329,

+illus.

Mingos, Howard. Thus Man Learned to Fly; the Story of

the Wright Brothers and the Airplane. Saturday Evening

Post, July 7-14, 1928, vol. 201, no. 1, pp. 10—11, 105—106,

109—110; no. 2, pp. 18—19, 121—122, 124—126, +illus.

Mosquitoes Almost Drove Wright Brothers From Kitty

Hawk. Army—Navy—Air Force Register, Dec. 22, 1956,

vol. 77, p. 5.

Brief account of Kitty Hawk and the Wright brothers difficulties with mosquitoes there in 1901.

Naidenov, Vaslii F. Pervonachal nyia raboty br. Rait v

Amerikie. [The Pioneer Work of the Wright Brothers in

America.] Vozdukhoplavatel , Jan. 1909, vol. 4, pp.

1—17.

. Aeroplan v svoem istoricheskom razvitii i

egoelementarnaia teoriia. [The Elementary Theory and

Historical Development of the Aeroplane.]

Vozdukhoplavatel , Feb.-Mar. 1909, vol. 4, pp. 85—106,

171—236.

Includes a section on the Wright brothers, pp.

193—211.

O Malley, Frank W. When the Wrights Joined the Flying

Shows. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1923, vol. 8, pp. 19—25,

+illus. 

Newspaper reporter s story of his first aeroplane

ride with Arch Hoxsey in Wright aeroplane at Asbury

Park, New Jersey, August 20, 1910, and his impressions of the Wrights during the meets at Asbury Park,

Boston, and Belmont Park in 1910.

Our Tribute to Dayton s Own. Dayton Motor News, Dec.

1928, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 1—15, +illus. 

Special issue devoted to the Wright brothers.

Page, Arthur W. How the Wrights Discovered Flight.

World s Work, Aug. 1910, vol. 20, pp. 13303—13318,

+illus. 

Author s recollections of the Wrights. Includes facsimile of document signed by W. S. Dough, A. D.

Etheridge, and John Moore, witnesses of first flight,

December 17, 1903, certifying location of the start of

the flight.

Perreault, William D. Wright Brothers Fly Without

Balloons. American Aviation, Dec. 7, 1953, vol. 17, pp.

13—14, +illus. 

Anniversary article dealing with the December 17,

1903, flights at Kitty Hawk, N.C.

22 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Peugler, Hanns. Die Br der Wilbur und Orville

Wright Pioniere des Motorfluges. Ausbau, 1952, vol.

5, pp. 467—474.

Pritchard, J. Laurence. The Work of the Wright Brothers

for Aviation. Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, Jan. 8,

1954, vol. 102, pp. 112—124, +illus. 

Discussion, pp. 124—128. With comments by

Colonel Alexander Ogilvie. Paper read to the Royal

Society of Arts, December 16,1953. A fiftieth anniversary tribute to the Wright brothers by the Secretary,

Royal Aeronautical Society. 

. The Wright Brothers and the Royal Aeronautical

Society; a Survey and Tribute. Royal Aeronautical

Society Journal, Dec. 1953, vol. 57, pp. 739—818.

Contents: The Years Before, 1896-1902; The

Gliding Years, 1900-1902; The Year of Destiny, 1903;

Years of Recognition, 1904-1913; Years of

Disparagement, 1914-1942; The Year of Recantation,

1942; Years of Honor, 1928-1948; Wilbur and Orville

Wright; the Memorial Years, 1913-1953 (with list of

and extracts from Wilbur Wright Memorial Lectures).

Includes 32 references, p. 812. 

Renstrom, Arthur G. Wright Chronology. Aero Digest,

July 1953, vol. 67, pp. 152—197.

Extensive chronology of the Wright brothers activities from the birth of Wilbur Wright, April 16, 1867,

to the year 1953, golden anniversary of the Wright

brothers first powered flight at Kitty Hawk, N.C. 

Rozendaal, John De Allereersten. Avia-Vliegwereld,

Dec. 10, 1953, vol. 2, pp. 648—650, +illus. 

A commemorative account of the Wright brothers

by a Dutch pioneer engineer who flew with Wilbur in

1908.

Saunders, William O. Then We Quit Laughing. Collier s,

Sept. 17, 1927, vol. 80, no. 12, pp. 24, 56.

Reminiscences of John T. Daniels, one of the witnesses of the December 17, 1903, flights, as set forth

in an interview with the author.

Shepherd, William G. They Lifted the World with a Toy.

Collier s, Aug. 20, 1927, vol. 80, no. 8, pp. 8—9, 38—39,

+illus. 

Popular account of the Wright brothers.

Sherman, Dallas. The Bishop s Boys. Flying, Dec. 1959,

vol. 65, pp. 36—39, 86—93.

A popular account of the Wright brothers.

Stever, H. Guyford, and Haggerty, James J. The Wright

Brothers: Fathers of the Airplane. In their Life Science

Library: Flight Realization of an Age-Old Dream. New

York: Time—Life Books, 1965, pp. 1—29.

Popular account of the Wright brothers invention of

the first powered airplane. Includes photos of first letter from Wilbur to Octave Chanute and a replica of

their wind tunnel. Includes picture essay: p. 16. 

The Story of the Wrights. The Wright Engine Builder,

Aug. 1922, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 6—7; Sept., pp. 5, 10; Nov.,

pp. 10—11; Dec., pp. 9—10, +illus. 

Based on the account of the Wrights in E. Charles

Vivian s A History of Aeronautics.

Tate, William J. I Was Host to Wright Brothers at Kitty

Hawk. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28, no. 12, pp.

29—30, +illus. 

Statement on attitude of the Kitty Hawk community toward the Wrights, 1900-1903. 

. With the Wrights at Kitty Hawk. Anniversary of

the First Flight Twenty-Five Years Ago. Aeronautic

Review, Dec. 1928, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 189—192, +illus.

Taylor, Charles E. My Story of the Wright Brothers, as

told to Robert S. Ball. Collier s, Dec. 25, 1948, vol. 122,

no. 26, pp. 27, 68, 70, +illus.

Tweney, George H. The Wright Brothers. American

Book Collector, Oct. 1958, pp. 5—13, +illus. 

A general account. Includes 16 references.

The Victorious Wrights. Current Literature, June 1909,

vol. 46, pp. 608—610, +illus.

Het Werk der Wrights, door anderen en door henzel

fverteld. De Luchtvaart, June 5, July 3, 1909, vol. 1, pp.

19—25, 68—70, +illus.

Werthner, William. Personal Recollections of the Wrights.

Aero Club of America Bulletin, July 1912, vol. 1, p. 13.

Orville Wright s high school teacher relates his

impressions of the Wright brothers and their flights at

Huffman Prairie.

When the Wright Brothers Were Boys. American

Magazine, June 1909, vol. 68, pp. 206—207.

Published also in Greater Dayton, June 1909, vol.

2, pp. 210—211.

When Wings Were Young. Collier s, Sept. 24, 1927, vol.

80, pp. 18—19, +illus.

Pictorial history of the Wright brothers.

The Wrights A Personal Impression, by The Fly.

Flight, May 8, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 262—263, port. 

A Bibliography 23

Biographical References
Based on observation of and conversations with

Wrights at Aero Club dinner, May 4, at Ritz Hotel,

London.

Wilbur Wright

Wilbur Wright. In Who s Who in America 1908-1909,

Chicago: A. N. Marquis & Co., 1908, vol. 5, p. 2119.

Continued in volumes 6 and 7, 1910 through 1913.

The King of the Air. An Insight into the Life of Wilbur

Wright at Le Mans. Motor, London, Oct. 20, 1908, vol.

14, pp. 317—318.

Anderson, Frederick I. The French Think Wilbur Is a

Bird. Harper s Weekly, Oct. 24, 1908, vol. 52, p. 30.

Buist, H. Massac. How Wilbur Wright Rides the Wind.

Flight, Mar. 20, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 157—161, +illus.

M. Wright l A ro-Club de la Sarthe. L Ouest-Touriste

et Sportif, vol. 2, no. 6, 1908, pp. 44—46.

Account of dinner given in honor of Wilbur Wright

at Le Mans, September 24, 1908. 

Palmer, Frederick. Veelbure Reet American. Collier s,

May 15, 1909, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 18, 31—32, +illus. 

Account of Wilbur Wright s activities in France and

of adulation by the French.

Beck, J. M., Jr. Impressions of Wilbur Wright. The

Wissahickon, Oct. 1909, pp. 4—12, +illus.

Wilbur Wright. In Les Rois de l air lre ann e, Paris

[Georges Berg, 1910], pp. 40—41, port.

Wilbur Wright. In The National Cyclopoedia of

American Biography, New York: James T. White &

Company, 1910, vol. 14, pp. 56—57.

Published also in 1917 edition.

Sketch of Wilbur Wright. American Magazine, Feb.

1910, vol. 69, pp. 451—452.

Big Men of the Movement: Wilbur Wright. Aircraft,

June 1910, vol. 1, p. 141, port.

U.S. Congress. House. Resolution Expressing the

Profound Regret of the House on Hearing of the Death

of Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio. Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1912, 2 pp. (62d

Congress, 2d Session, H. Res. 560).

Submitted by Mr. Timothy T. Ansberry of Ohio,

May 31, 1912.

Death of Wilbur Wright. Aeronautics, New York, MayJune 1912, vol. 10, p. 176.

Everstag, R. W. d . [Signed R. W. d E.] Wilbur Wright.

Schweizer. Aero-Club Bulletin, June 1912, vol. 6, pp.

146—148, port.

Wilbur Wright. Aeronautics, London, June 1912, vol. 5,

p. 157, +illus.

The Flags Are at Half-Mast Today as a Token of Respect

to the Memory of Wilbur Wright. The NCR [National

Cash Register] Weekly, June 1, 1912, vol. 6, no. 28, 4

pp., +illus. 

Includes numerous tributes to Wilbur Wright and a

sketch of his life authorized by the family and read at

the funeral by Rev. Maurice E. Wilson.

Wilbur Wright, 1867-1912. Flight, June 1, 1912, vol. 4,

pp. 488—489, +illus.

The Passing of Wilbur Wright. The Car, June 5, 1912,

vol. 41, pp. 125—126, +illus.

Wilbur Wright. Flugsport, June 5, 1912, vol. 4, pp.

453—457, port.

Whittaker, W. E. de B. [Signed W. E. de B. W.] Wilbur

Wright. 1867-1912. Aeroplane, June 6, 1912, vol. 2, p.

548.

Wilbur Wright. Independent, June 6, 1912, vol. 72, pp.

1280—1281.

Aviation History and Wilbur Wright. Flight, June 8,

1912, vol. 4, p. 519.

Reference to the first British newspaper report on

Wrights flights. Includes letter from Wilbur Wright to

Sidney Hollands, dated July 16, 1905. 

Buist, H. Massac. Death of the First Flying Man. The

Motor News, June 8, 1912, pp. 1180—1186.

Conqueror of the Air. Outlook, June 8, 1912, vol. 101,

pp. 280—281.

Estimate of Wilbur Wright. Literary Digest, June 8,

1912, vol. 44, pp. 1192—1193.

Nations Honor Wilbur Wright s Memory. Aero, June 8,

1912, vol. 4, no. 10, p. 235, port.

24 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Passing of a Great Inventor. Scientific American, June 8,

1912, vol. 106, p. 518, +illus.

Prade, Georges W. Wright est mort! La Vie au grand air,

June 8, 1912, vol. 15, p. 401, +illus.

Wilbur Wright. Harper s Weekly, June 8, 1912, vol. 56,

p. 5.

Wilbur Wright. L Illustration, June 8, 1912, vol. 139, p.

493, +illus.

Wilbur Wright. Fachzeitung f r Automobilismus und

Flugtechnik, June 9, 1912, vol. 6, pp. 17—19, +illus.

Henry-Couannier, Andr . L Aviation en deuil. La Revue

a rienne, June 10, 1912, vol. 5, pp. 301—304, +illus.

Wilbur Wright. Der Motorwagen, June 10, 1912, vol. 15,

pp. 403—404.

Wilbur Wright. Deutsche Luftfahrer-Zeitschrift, June 12,

1912, vol. 16, p. 289.

Death of Wilbur Wright, the Bird Man. The Watchword,

June 15, 1912, pp. 7—8, +illus.

Un Grand disparu; Wilbur Wright est mort. L A rophile,

June 15, 1912, vol. 20, pp. 282—284, +illus.

Popper, Stefan. Wilbur Wright. sterreichische FlugZeitschrift, June 15, 1912, vol. 6, pp. 283—284. 

Obituary.

Vorreiter, Ansbert. Wilbur Wright. Zeitschrift f r

Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffart, June 15, 1912, vol.

3, p. 152, port.

Wilbur Wright. Avia, June 15, 1912, vol. 2, pp. 39—42.

Wilbur Wright. Technique a ronautique, June 15, 1912,

vol. 5, pp. 375—376.

Wilbur Wright. Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung, June 15,

1912, vol. 11, pp. 214—216.

Woodhouse, Henry. Wilbur Wright, the Man Who Made

Flying Possible. Collier s, June 15, 1912, vol. 49, p. 13,

+illus.

Notre Ma tre Wilbur. [Signed C. Cam. Sat.] Le Mois

automobile, June 25, 1912, pp. 9—11, +illus.

The Faith that Sees. Youth s Companion, June 27, 1912,

vol. 86, p. 338, port. 

Tribute to Wilbur Wright.

Brewer, Griffith. Wilbur Wright, Gold Medalist of the

Society. The Aeronautical Journal, July 1912, vol. 16,

pp. 148—153, port. 

Reprinted in The Aeronautical Journal, July-Sept.

1916, vol. 20, pp. 128—135.

Tribute to Wilbur Wright with extensive reference

to author s association with him in 1908 and 1909.

Cablegrams and Messages Received by the Aero Club of

America from Abroad on the Death of Wilbur Wright.

Aero Club of America Bulletin, July 1912, vol. 1, no. 6,

p. 6.

Death of the Dean of Birdmen. Hearst s Magazine, July

1912, vol. 22, pp. 141, 143, +illus.

Eberhardt, J. C. The Death of Wilbur Wright. Aero Club

of America Bulletin, July 1912, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 4—5.

Brief note on funeral ceremonies.

Entire World Mourns the Loss of Wilbur Wright. Fly,

July 1912, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 8—10.

Inventor Who Solved the Most Difficult of All

Mechanical Problems. Current Literature, July 1912,

vol. 53, pp. 57—59, port.

The Late Wilbur Wright. Aero, London, July 1912, vol.

6, no. 112, pp. 194—195, +illus.

Tributes to Wilbur Wright from Representative

American Men. Aero Club of America Bulletin, July

1912, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 6—7.

Wilbur Wright. Aeronautics, July 1912, vol. 11, pp. 1—3,

ports.

Wilbur Wright. Review of Reviews, July 1912, vol. 36, p.

44, port.

Wilbur Wright Gone. Aircraft, July 1912, vol. 3, p. 14,

port.

Wood, Henry A. Wise. Wilbur Wright. Aero Club of

America Bulletin, July 1912, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 2—3, port.

Woodhouse, Henry. The World s Tribute to Wilbur

Wright. Aero Club of America Bulletin, July 1912, vol.

1, no. 6, pp. 9—12.

Wilbur Wright. L Aerostation, July 1912, vol. 9, pp.

12—13, +illus.

A Bibliography 25

Biographical References
Wilbur Wright. In The New International

Encyclopoedia, New York: Dodd, Mead and Company,

1916, vol. 23, p. 283.

Continued in later editions, 1917 and 1930.

Brewer, Griffith. The Life and Work of Wilbur Wright.

The Aeronautical Journal, July-Sept. 1916, vol. 20, pp.

68—84, +illus. 

Abstract with title, In Memory of Wilbur Wright,

in Aeroplane, June 14, 1916, vol. 10, pp. 940—942,

944, +illus.

The Fourth Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture

delivered before the Royal Society of Arts, June 16,

1916. In a group of eleven accompanying appendices, pp. 84—135, the author reprints articles by the

Wrights and materials from The Aeronautical

Journal relating to them.

Drury, Marion R. The Conversion of Wilbur Wright. The

Watchword, Mar. 31, 1918, pp. 4—5, +illus.

Marbury, Elizabeth. The Triumph of Wilbur Wright at Le

Mans. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1923, vol. 8, no. 12, p. 18.

Reprinted from one of a series of articles in the

Saturday Evening Post, Oct. 13, 1923, vol. 196, no.

14, pp. 129—130 which were later published in book

form with title My Crystal Ball, New York: Boni and

Liveright, 1923, pp. 179—180. 

Martin, Hans Herinnerungen aan de gebroeders Wright.

Het Vliegveld, Nov. 1928, vol. 12, pp. 317—319, +illus. 

Author s recollections of Wilbur teaching

Calderara to fly at Centocelle, Italy, in April 1909. 

Essais de Wilbur Wright Le Mans 1908. [Wilbur

Wright s Trial.] La Conquete de L Air. The Conquest of

the Air. [Le Mans] Usines Leon Boll e [1929?] [28 pp.] 

Album of 24 postal card photographs issued as tribute to Wilbur Wright. Includes foreword in English

and French and facsimile of telegram sent to L on

Boll e by Orville Wright on May 30, 1912, announcing Wilbur s death. 

Wright, Orville and Wilbur [Signed O. W.]. In The

Encyclopoedia Britannica, 14th ed., London, New York:

Encyclopoedia Britannica, 1929, vol. 23, pp. 808—809. 

Continued in later editions.

Wilbur Wright. In Blue Book of Aviation, Los Angeles:

Hoagland Company, 1932, p. 232, port.

Wilbur Wright In National Encyclopoedia, New York: P.

F. Collier & Son, 1932, vol. 10, p. 526.

Published also in later editions, 1934-1947; revised

1948-1949.

[Findley, Earl N.] Wilbur Wright s Hudson River Flight.

U.S. Air Services, Oct. 1934, vol. 19, no. 10, p. 11.

Editorial on twenty-fifth anniversary of flight of

October 4, 1909, from Governors Island to Grant s

Tomb and return.

Beck, James M. Wilbur Wright s Last Flight. U.S. Air

Services, Nov. 1934, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 22—23.

Supplementary note, Dec. 1934, vol. 19, no. 12, p. 33.

Another account by the Chairman of the Committee

on Aeronautics of the Hudson—Fulton Commission

who arranged a contract with Wilbur Wright for the

flight.

Lambert, Marquise, Charles M. de My Memories of

Wilbur Wright. U.S. Air Services, Mar. 1935, vol. 20, no.

3, pp. 13—15, +illus. 

Account of her flight as a passenger with Wilbur

Wright at Pau in February 1909.

Klemin, Alexander. [Signed A. K.] Wilbur Wright.

Dictionary of American Biography, New York: Charles

Scribner s Sons, 1936, vol. 20, pp. 568—570.

Mee, Arthur. The Broken Dream of Wilbur Wright.

London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1938, 32 pp. (Arthur

Mee s Rainbow Books).

Title based on Wilbur Wright s hope that the aeroplane would become an instrument of peace.

[Findley, Earl N.] Wilbur Wright Pays Grant s Tomb a

Flying Visit. The Story of a Great Achievement of Thirty

Years Ago. U.S. Air Services, Oct. 1939, vol. 24, no. 10,

pp. 10—12, 36, +illus. 

Rewrite of an account originally published in the

New York Herald Tribune, October 5, 1909.

Wilber Wright s flight up the Hudson River from

Governors Island to Grant s Tomb and return, October

4, 1909.

Cass Gilbert and Wilbur Wright; Record of an Interview,

October 5, 1909. Minnesota History, Sept. 1941, vol. 22,

pp. 302—305.

Impressions of the architect, Cass Gilbert, published here for the first time from documents in the

Minnesota Historical Society.

Kelly, Fred C. When Wilbur Wright Won France.

Harper s Magazine, Dec. 1941, vol. 184, pp. 84—90.

Account of Wilbur Wright s stay and flights at Le

Mans and Pau, 1908 and 1909. 

Williams, Al. Wilbur Wright Is an Everlasting

Inspiration to Me. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28,

no. 12, pp. 27—28, +illus. 

26 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Excerpts from articles published by the author in

Scripps—Howard newspapers.

Stein, Gertrude. Wilbur Wright. In her Four in America,

Introduction by Thornton Wilder, New Haven: Yale

University Press, 1947, pp. 83—117.

When Wilbur Wright First Met Marconi. U.S. Air

Services, May 1953, vol. 38, no. 5, p. 7.

Reference to meeting with Marconi, September 23,

1909, on Governors Island.

Harper, Harry. Wilbur Wright as I Remember Him.

Flight, Dec. 11, 1953, vol. 64, pp. 796—797, +illus. 

The author s recollections of a dinner conversation

with Wilbur Wright at Le Mans, France, at the end of

1908. 

Wilbur Wright s Political Prophecy. U.S. Air Services,

Sept. 1954, vol. 39, p. 7.

Wilbur predicted, speaking before the Ohio Society

of New York in January 1910, that an Ohioan would

be the next president.

McFarland, Marvin W. The Fame of Wilbur Wright. U.S.

Air Services, Dec. 1955, vol. 40, pp. 4—6.

A tribute to Wilbur written subsequent to his election to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans on

October 31, 1955.

Wilbur Wright et les d buts de l aviation. Exposition du

cinquantenaire, Le Mans, 6 juillet 15 septembre 1958.

[Le Mans]: Mus e de Tess , 1958, 40 pp., +illus. 

Brochure prepared on the occasion of the fiftieth

anniversary celebration of Wilbur s flights at Le Mans

in 1908. Lists documents, pictures, models, and memorabilia exhibited.

Wilbur Wright. In Lassalle, Eug ne J., Les 100 premiers

aviateursbrevetes au monde et la naissance de l aviation. [Paris]: Nauticaero, [1962], pp. 51—53.

Wilbur was granted pilot s license no. 15 by L

A ro-Club of France in 1909.

Wilbur Wright. In Encyclopedia of American History.

Updated and rev. Edited by Richard B. Morris, New

York: Harper and Row, 1965, p. 807.

Garber, Paul E. The Rightness of the Wright Name.

AOPA Pilot, Dec. 1966, vol. 9, pp. 74—75, +illus. 

Tribute to Wilbur on the occasion of the upcoming

100th anniversary of his birth, April 16. 

Orville Wright

Orville Wright. In Who s Who in America 1908-1909,

Chicago: A. N. Marquis & Company, 1908, vol. 5, p.

2119.

Continued from 1910 through 1949, in volumes 6

through 25.

Big Men of the Movement: Orville Wright. Aircraft,

June 1910, vol. 1, p. 140.

Orville Wright. In The National Cyclopoedia of

American Biography, New York: James T. White &

Company, 1910, vol. 14, pp. 56—57, +illus. 

Published also in 1917 edition.

Orville Wright. In Les Rois de l air. 1re ann e, Paris:

Georges Berg, [1910], p. 42, port. 

Devoted to activities of years 1908 and 1909.

Wright Flies Single Propeller Plane. Aero and Hydro,

Sept. 27, 1913, vol. 6, p. 483.

Experimental flights at Dayton with Model E

machine.

The Reception to Orville Wright. Flying, New York, Jan.

1914, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 24—25, +illus. 

Account of tenth anniversary dinner and reception

sponsored by Aero Club of America, December 17,

1913, in New York. Accompanied by photograph of

the first meeting of Orville and Thomas A. Edison.

Dunham, Samuel R. Orville Wright. In Webb, Mary

Griffin, and Webb, Edna Lenore, Famous Living

Americans, Greencastle, Ind.: Charles Webb &

Company, 1915, pp. 570—580, port. 

Accompanying portrait is of Glenn H. Curtiss and

not Orville Wright.

Testimonial to Orville Wright. Technology Review, July

1916, vol. 18, pp. 566—568.

Account of dinner given by Massachusetts Institute

of Technology at the Engineers Club, Boston, June

12, 1916. Published also with two illustrations, one of

the Wright 1903 aeroplane exhibited at the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in Aerial Age,

July 3, 1916, vol. 3, pp. 475, 488. 

Orville Wright. Proposed for Nobel Prize. Aerial Age,

Aug. 28, 1916, vol. 3, p. 718.

Favorable editorial comment on suggestion that a

petition be drawn up endorsing Orville Wright as a

candidate for the Nobel physics prize.

A Bibliography 27

Biographical References
Orville Wright Is Flying Again. Aviation, Nov. 1, 1916,

vol. 1, p. 233.

Announces that Orville has resumed daily flying.

Orville Wright. In The New International

Encyclopoedia, New York: Dodd, Mead and Company,

1916, vol. 23, p. 822, port. 

Continued in 1917 and 1930 editions.

The Work of Orville Wright. Aerial Age, Oct. 15, 1917,

vol. 6, p. 195, +illus. 

Quotes Orville Wright s views on uses of the aeroplane in war.

Orville Wright. Dinner and Ovation. Automotive

Industries, June 20, 1918, vol. 38, pp. 1165—1166, port. 

Report on dinner held at Triangle Park, Dayton,

June 17, 1918, in connection with meeting of the

Society of Automotive Engineers.

Orville Wright Dinner. Journal of the Society of

Automotive Engineers, July 1918, vol. 3, pp. 8—14,

+illus. 

Lengthy account of dinner with abstracts of

addresses by Colonels Deeds and Vincent, Lieutenant

Miozzi, Messrs Coffin, Stratton, Diffin, and Manly. 

The Orville Wright Banquet. Aviation, July 1, 1918, vol.

4, pp. 765—771, +illus.

Another extensive account of June 17 testimonial

dinner.

Schmidt, J. R. Visiting Orville Wright. The Guide to

Nature, Aug. 1918, vol. 9, pp. 68—69, +illus. 

Reprinted from Every Week, with editorial.

Orville Wright. In Who s Who 1921, London: Adam and

Charles Black, 1921, p. 2911.

Biography continued in later editions, 1922-1948.

Listed in Who Was Who, 1941-1950, London: Adam

and Charles Black, 1952, pp. 1267—1268.

Who s Who in American Aeronautics: Orville Wright.

Aviation, Mar. 21, 1921, vol. 10, p. 365.

Who s Who in Aeronautics: Orville Wright. Aerial Age

Weekly, Mar. 28, 1921, vol. 13, p. 61, port.

Dr. Orville Wright. In American Men of Science, 3rd ed.,

Garrison, New York: Science Press, 1921, p. 672.

Also included in 4th-7th editions, 1927, 1933,

1938, 1944.

Orville Wright. In Who s Who in American Aeronautics,

New York: Gardner, Moffat Co., 1922, p. 10, port. 

Also included in 2nd edition, 1925, pp. 118—119

and 3rd edition, 1928, p. 130.

[Wright, Katharine.] Orville Wright. In The John Fritz

Medal, New York: John Fritz Medal Board of Award,

[1922] pp. 111—116, +illus. 

One of a series of biographical notices on the John

Fritz medalists. Presumptive authorship of this article

is established by the correspondence between Orville

Wright and the secretary of the John Fritz Medal

Fund, May 12 and June 4, 1921. 

Orville Wright Succeeds Col. F. P. Lahm as Chairman,

N.A.A. Contest Committee. National Aeronautic

Association Review, Aug. 1, 1924, vol. 2, no. 8, p. 1,

port.

Cesare, Oscar. With Orville Wright in His Workshop.

New York Times Magazine, Feb. 1, 1925, p. 8, +illus.

Orville Wright and His Brother Built the First Successful

Aeroplane. National Magazine, Jan. 1926, vol. 54, p.

242.

First Man to Fly Works On. New York Times Magazine,

July 10, 1927, pp. 1—2, +illus.

Also published with title, The First Man to Fly, in

U.S. Air Services, Sept. 1927, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 22—25.

Orville Wright. In Who s Who in Aviation, London:

Airways Publications, Limited, 1928, pp. 124—125.

Lent, L. B. Orville Wright the Flight Bringer; a Picture

of a Quiet Man After Twenty-Five Years of Fame.

Liberty, Dec. 22, 1928, vol. 5, no. 51, pp. 16—18, 20,

+illus.

Life Stories of Famous Living Inventors. Chapter 101

Orville Wright. Patent News, May 1929, vol. 19, no. 4,

pp. 2, 4.

Orville Wright. In Encyclopoedia Britannica, New York:

Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., 1929, vol. 3, p. 808.

Continued in later editions.

Gage, Nevin I. Exchange Honors Orville Wright. The

Exchangeite, Mar. 1930, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1, 28—29,

+illus.

Hodgins, Eric. Profiles; Heavier than Air. Orville Wright.

New Yorker, Dec. 13, 1930, vol. 6, pp. 29—32, +illus.

Henderson, Archibald. Orville Wright. In his

Contemporary Immortals, New York, London: D.

Appleton, 1930, pp. 134—148, port.

28 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Rutledge, Paul. Glorious Pioneers of Aviation. Our

Hobbies, Feb.-Mar. 1931, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 12—13.

Orville Wright s 60th Birthday Celebration. [New York:

Vacuum Oil Company, 1931.] [10 pp.] 

Collection of congratulatory messages broadcast

August 19, 1931. 

Orville Wright. In Blue Book of Aviation, Los Angeles:

Hoagland Company, 1932, p. 231, port.

Orville Wright. In the Daniel Guggenheim Medal Fund,

Inc., The Daniel Guggenheim Medal for Achievement in

Aeronautics. Biographies New York: 1932, pp. 2—9. 

Reprinted in revised 1936 edition and brought up to

date in 1953 edition titled Pioneers in Aeronautics;

Recipients of the Daniel Guggenheim Medal, 1929-

1932, pp. 1—7. One of a series of sketches of the Daniel

Guggenheim medalists. Correspondence between

Orville Wright and the secretary of the Daniel

Guggenheim Medal Fund in 1932 establishes Orville

Wright as the author.

Orville Wright. In The National Encyclopoedia, New

York: P. F. Collier & Son, 1932, vol. 10, p. 526.

Published also in later editions, 1934-1946; revised

1947-1949.

New Member. Time, May 11, 1936, vol. 27, no. 19, p. 44.

Comment on election of Orville Wright as a member of the National Academy of Sciences.

Prophet of the New World. National Aeronautics, Dec.

1937, vol. 15, no. 12, p. 7, port.

Cesare, Oscar. Orville Wright Looks Back to Aviation s

Birthday. New York Times Magazine, Dec. 11, 1938, pp.

6—7, 23.

[Findley, Earl. N.] Orville Wright Goes Again to Kitty

Hawk. U.S. Air Services, May 1939, vol. 24, no. 5, pp.

12—15, 40, +illus. 

Account of Orville Wright s automobile trip from

Dayton to Kitty Hawk in April 1939. 

Ellis, Carlyle. Flying as It Was The Birth of American

DH s. Sportsman Pilot, Oct. 15, 1939, vol. 22, no. 4, pp.

16—17, 30, +illus. 

Includes interview with Orville Wright and account

of his flight at Dayton in 1918 with an early Wright

aeroplane.

[Findley, Earl N.] Orville Wright Visits Washington.

U.S. Air Services, Nov. 1941, vol. 26, no. 11, p. 11.

Visit of October 23, 1941.

Ingells, Douglas J. Orville Wright Today. Air Trails,

June 1942, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 42, 44, +illus.

[Findley, Earl N.] The Orville Wright Suite. U.S. Air

Services, Nov. 1942, vol. 27, no. 11, p. 44.

Reference to three-room suite in the Raleigh Hotel,

Washington, D.C., where Orville Wright usually

stayed when visiting the National Capital.

Cuneo, John R. Orville Wright Reminds a German

General of a Circus. In his Winged Mars, Harrisburg,

Pa.: Military Service Publishing Company, 1942, pp.

79—87, +illus. 

Origins of military aviation in Germany with quotation from the diary of Lieutenant General Walter

von Eberhardt who witnessed flights of Orville

Wright at Tempelhof Field, Berlin, in 1909. 

Orville Wright. In Who s Who in Aviation 1942-43,

Chicago & New York: Ziff—Davis Publishing Company,

1942, p. 477.

Orville Wright. Studies Gliders. Aviation News, Aug. 30,

1943, vol. 1, no. 5, p. 9.

Report on a device to aid towed gliders being developed by Orville Wright.

[Findley, Earl N.] On the Eve of the 40th Anniversary.

U.S. Air Services, Nov. 1943, vol. 28, no. 11, p. 10.

Editor s comments on Orville Wright s visit to

Washington, October 21, 1943. 

Wright Honor Guest at Anniversary Fete. Aviation News,

Nov. 22, 1943, vol. 1, no. 17, p. 15.

Announcement of fortieth anniversary dinner to be

held in Washington, December 17. 

[Findley, Earl N.] Orville Wright Without an Equal in

Several Different Fields. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943,

vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 9—10.

Author s reminiscences of Orville Wright.

Loening, Grover. First Flyer in More Ways than One.

U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28, no. 12, p. 20.

Early manager of the Wright Company comments

on Orville Wright s skill as a pilot.

Honoring Mr. Orville Wright on the Fortieth

Anniversary of the First Flights of the Wright Brothers at

Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, 17 December 1903.

[Washington, D.C.: 1943], 8 pp. 

Official dinner program issued on the occasion of

the dinner honoring Orville and attended by him,

December 17, 1943, in Washington. Includes

Contributions of Wilbur and Orville Wright to

A Bibliography 29

Biographical References
Aeronautical Science, by George W. Lewis, pp. 6—7. 

Brewer, Griffith. The Wright Trilogy. Journal of the

Royal Aeronautical Society, Apr. 1944, vol. 40, pp.

92—94.

Letter to the editor, March 15, commenting on Fred

C. Kelly s interview with Orville Wright as reported

in New York Herald Tribune, November 12, 1943. 

Orville Wright Flies Constellation. Aviation News, May

1, 1944, vol. 1, no. 40, p. 15.

Report on 50-minute flight at Wright Field, Dayton.

Orville Wright Honored. Aeronautical Engineering

Review, June 1944, vol. 3, no. 6, p. 203.

Announces his election to an honorary life membership in the Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce of

America, Inc. 

Ingells, Douglas J. and Lawrence Lader. Orville Wright:

First to Fly. Coronet. Aug. 1946, vol. 20, no. 4, pp.

120—127.

Orville Wright. Current Biography, Oct. 1946, vol. 7,

pp. 54—57.

Revised Current Biography 1946, New York: The

H. W. Wilson Company, 1947, pp. 662—665, port.

[Findley, Earl N.] Orville Wright. U.S. Air Services, Feb.

1948, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 5—8, port. 

Obituary article by a personal friend of forty years

standing.

Orville Wright, Co-Inventor of the Airplane, Dies at

Dayton, 44 Years After First Flight. National

Aeronautics, Feb. 1948, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 3—4.

The Late Orville Wright. Extension of Remarks of Hon.

Chester E. Merroa. Congressional Record, Feb. 4, 1948,

vol. 94, appendix p. A678.

Reprints editorial from New Hampshire Morning

Union, February 2, 1948.

Grey, C. G. [signed C. G. G.]. The First to Fly.

Aeroplane, Feb. 6, 1948, vol. 74, p. 148, +illus. 

Obituary note.

Obituary. Orville Wright. Engineer, Feb. 6, 1948, vol.

185, pp. 139—140, port.

Orville Wright. Engineering, Feb. 6, 1948, vol. 165, pp.

133—134.

Begetter of an Age. Time, Feb. 9, 1948, vol. 51, p. 22.

Obituary article.

Died: Orville Wright. Newsweek, Feb. 9, 1948, vol. 31,

no. 6, p. 55.

Death of Albert Medalist. Royal Society of Arts Journal,

Feb. 13, 1948, vol. 96, p. 185.

Davy, M. J. B. Mr. Orville Wright. Nature, Feb. 21,

1948, vol. 161, pp. 269—270.

In Memoriam. Orville Wright. Aeronautical Engineering

Review, Mar. 1948, vol. 7, p. 15, +illus.

On the Death of Orville Wright. Interavia, Mar. 1948,

vol. 3, pp. 129—130, +illus.

Orville Wright. Chirp, Mar. 1948, no. 37, pp. 7—8.

Dorman, Geoffrey. Orville Wright An Appreciation.

The Light Plane, Apr. 1948, vol. 2, p. 30.

Kelly, Fred C. Orville Wright at Work. Technology

Review, Apr. 1948, vol. 50, p. 309. 

Brief account of Orville s habits and activities at his

Dayton laboratory. 

We Knew Orville Wright. Rotarian, Apr. 1948, vol. 72,

no. 4, p. 53.

Account of meeting of the Rotarians of Dayton in

memory of Orville Wright with a tribute by Frank D.

Slutz.

Obituaries: Orville Wright. Isis, May 1948, vol. 39, p.

69.

Durand, William F. Orville Wright. Mechanical

Engineering, July 1948, vol. 70, pp. 581—585.

Horan, Joseph C. Orville Wright Philatelic Memorial.

Stamps, Oct. 23, 1948, vol. 65, pp. 150—160, +illus. 

Popular account of the Wrights with note on commemorative covers flown on the fortieth anniversary

of their first flights in 1903 and on Orville s flight

aboard a Constellation in 1944.

Durand, William F. Biographical Memoir of Orville

Wright, 1871-1948. Presented to the Academy at the

Autumn Meeting, 1948. Washington, D.C.: National

Academy of Sciences, 1948, 3 p.l., pp. 257—273, port.

(Biographical Memoirs, Volume XXV, Eleventh Memoir).

King, Ernest J. Some Remembrances of Orville Wright.

U.S. Air Services, Feb. 1949, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 13—14.

World War II Chief of Naval Operations writes an

account of his three visits to Dayton on the December

17 anniversary, 1933, 1934, and 1935. 

30 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Biographical References
Abelin, Rudolf. Orville Wright Motorflyningens

Fader. Ett r i Luften, 1949, pp. 116—127, +illus.

Obituaries: Orville Wright. In 1949 Britannica Book of

the Year. Chicago, Toronto, London: Encyclopaedia

Britannica, Inc., 1949, p. 537.

Obituary. Current Biography 1948, New York: H. W.

Wilson Company, 1949, p. 696.

Orville Wright. In The Americana Annual 1949, New

York: Americana Corporation, 1949, p. 738.

When Orville Wright Lived at the Cosmos Club. Cosmos

Club Bulletin, May 1950, vol. 3, no. 7, p. 2.

Note on Orville s stay at the Club in May 1908.

Orville Wright. In Who Was Who in America, vol. 2,

Chicago: A. N. Marquis Company, 1950, p. 595.

Hanuschke, Wilhelm. I Flew with Orville Wright. U.S.

Air Services, Dec. 1952, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 7—9, +illus. 

Account of the author s meeting and flight with

Orville Wright at Tempelhof Field, Berlin, in 1909. 

McFarland, Marvin W. Orville Wright and Friend. U.S.

Air Services, Aug. 1956, vol. 51, pp. 5—7.

An account of the association of Orville Wright and

Earl N. Findley, deceased July 11, 1956, with excerpts

from their correspondence.

Kelly, Fred C. A Psychic Mystery of Aviation. Michigan

Alumnus Quarterly Review, Aug. 9, 1958, vol. 64, pp.

352—353.

An account of a practical joke played by Orville on

his friend Griffith Brewer involving the source of the

quotation so easy it seemed, once found, which, yet

unfound, most would have thought impossible from

Milton s Paradise Lost.

Orville Wright. In Lassalle, Eugene J. Les 100 premiers

aviateurs brevet s au monde et la naissance de l aviation. [Paris] Nauticaero, [1962], pp. 50—51.

Orville was granted pilot s license no. 14 by

L A ro-Club of France in 1909.

Orville Wright. In The Guggenheim Medalists: Architects

of the Age of Flight, New York: The Guggenheim Medal

Board of Award, 1964, pp. 56—57, port. 

Much abridged and rewritten version of biography

originally published by the Daniel Guggenheim

Medal Fund in 1932, 1936, and 1953. 

Renneisen, Bob. Orville Wright s Last Flight, Aerospace

Historian, Spring 1968, pp. 29—31.

An account of the flight of the new Lockheed C-69

Constellation at Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, Apr. 26,

1944. What made the flight notable was that Orville

Wright, surviving co-inventor of the airplane took

over the controls for 10 minutes. It was to be his last

flight.

Aeroplanes and Flights

1903

Chanute, Octave. Gliding Machines. The Latest

Aeronautical Experiments. Illustrated Scientific News,

Feb. 1903, vol. 23, p. 73, +illus. 

Brief account of 1902 Wright glider and gliding

experiments illustrated by three photographs of glider

in flight.

Die Br der Wright. Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Mar.

1903, vol. 2, pp. 56—57.

Brief mention of Wrights 1902 glider experiments.

Nimf hr, Raimund. Die Neuesten Fortschritte in der

praktischen Fliegekunst. Illustrirte Zeitung, Mar. 5,

1903, vol. 120, p. 351, +illus.

Brief reference to Wright gliding experiments,

1900-1902, illustrated by five photographs of their

1902 glider. This was one of a number of contemporary articles later cited by the courts as including disclosures which invalidated the Wright patent claims.

Le Beschu, F. Locomotion a rienne en Am rique. Le

Monde illustr , Mar. 28, 1903, vol. 47, p. 299, +illus.

Includes details of the Wright glider supplied by

Octave Chanute.

Diner-Conf rence du 2 avril 1903. M. Chanute l A roClub. L A rophile, Apr. 1903, vol. 11, pp. 81—86, +illus.

Chanute s address before the A ro-Club of France

detailing Wright experiments of 1900, 1901, and 1902

illustrated with photographs from La Locomotion

below.

Archdeacon, Ernest. M. Chanute Paris. La

Locomotion, Apr. 11, 1903, vol. 3, pp. 225—227, +illus.

This report of Chanute s speech of April 2, before the

A ro-Club of France, Paris, aroused tremendous French

interest in heavier-than-air flight and led to experiments

which marked the beginning of European aviation. Has

reference to the Wright experiments but photographs of

several of the Wright gliders are erroneously labeled as

A Bibliography 31

Aeroplanes and Flights
those of Chanute. This is one of the articles later cited

by the courts in the Wright patent suits.

S ance du 23 avril 1903, Soci t Francais de Navigation

Aerienne. L A ronaute, May 1903, vol. 36, pp. 93—106.

Includes Mr. Paul Bord s report on Chanute s

address to the A ro Club of France.

Contains reference to the Wrights method of warping the wings to effect lateral balance and to their use

of warping in conjunction with the vertical tail.

French and German courts later held that these disclosures invalidated their patent claims.

Villethiou, Jean de. L A ronautique La Revue technique,

May 25, 1903, p. 311.

Includes brief mention of the Wright brothers.

Andr , Henri. Les aviateurs am ricains et l aviation.

Revue g n rale des transports June 1903, pp. 395—396,

+illus.

Based on account of Wright brothers by Ernest

Archdeacon in La Locomotion above.

Includes photographic illustrations, scale drawings,

and structural details of the Chanute multiple-wing

and two-surface gliders and of the Wright 1902 glider.

Chanute, Octave. La Navigation a rienne aux Etats-Unis.

L A rophile, Aug. 1903, vol. 11, pp. 171—183, +illus.

English translation in The Papers of Wilbur and

Orville Wright (New York: McGraw Hill, 1953), vol.

1, pp. 659—673.

Includes plans for and illustrations of the Wright

1902 glider.

Learning to Fly. Automotor Journal, Oct. 3, 1903, vol. 8,

pp. 1032—1033.

Editorial comment on the Wright 1902 gliding

experiments.

Chanute, Octave. L Aviation en Am rique. Revue

g n rale des sciences pures et appliqu es, Nov. 30,

1903, vol. 14, pp. 1133—1142, +illus.

Extensive account of Chanute s early gliding experiments and those of the Wright brothers, 1900-1902,

with description and numerous illustrations and drawings of the Chanute and Wright 1902 gliders.

L Aviation en Am rique. L A rophile, Dec. 1903, vol.

11, p. 282.

Brief report on Wright December 17 flights.

The Empire of the Air. An Important Step Forward.

Automotor Journal, Dec. 30, 1903, vol. 8, p. 1385.

Editorial comment on reported motor flights by the

Wright brothers, December 17.

1904

La machine volante des freres Wright. L A rophile, Jan.

1904, vol. 12, pp. 16—18.

French translation of Wrights January 6 statement

to the Associated Press describing their 1903 flights.

The Wright Flyer. Gas Power, Jan. 1904, vol. 1, no. 8, p.

39.

Brief report on flights of Wright brothers,

December 17, 1903.

Le Beschu, F. L A roplane des tats-Unis. Le Monde

illustr , Jan. 2, 1904, vol. 48, p. 17, +illus.

Reports flight of 5 kilometers accomplished with a

powered machine, illustrated by photograph of the

Wright 1902 glider.

Clayton, Henry H. Wilbur Wright s Successful Flight in

a Motor-Driven Aeroplane. Science, Jan. 8, 1904, vol.

19, (n. s.), p. 76.

Statement on significance of Wrights December

17, 1903, flights.

The Machine That Flies; Performance of the Wright

Brothers Aerostat Gives Promise of Success, Details of

Machine (by W. H. S.) New York Herald Magazine

Section, Jan. 17, 1904, p. 3.

A Flying Machine That Actually Flies. Collier s, Jan. 23,

1904, vol. 32, no. 17, p. 12, +illus.

Highly inaccurate account of Wrights Kitty Hawk

experiments. Photographs erroneously labeled The

flying machine made by the Wrights comprise three of

the Chanute glider and one of the Wright 1902 glider.

The Problem of Flight. Harper s Weekly, Jan. 30, 1904,

vol. 48, p. 180.

Brief statement on Wright 1903 flights.

A Motor Aeroplane; Successful Trials with a ManCarrying Machine. Knowledge & Scientific News, Feb.

1904, vol. 1, pp. 3—4, +illus.

Based on Wrights statement to the Associated

Press, January 6.

The Flight of the Wrights. Automotor Journal, Feb. 6,

1904, vol. 9, pp. 148—150, +illus.

Based on the Wrights January 6 statement to the

Associated Press which was reported in L Auto.

Dienstbach [Carl]. Die Erfindung der Flugmaschine

Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Mar. 1904, vol.

8, pp. 97—98.

32 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Report on the Wrights December 17, 1903, flights

by the American correspondent of the journal.

Der Motorflug der Gebr der Wright. Illustrierte

Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Mar. 1904, vol. 8, pp.

98—100, +illus.

Supplements foregoing report by the author with

inclusion of sketches of the Wright machine from the

New York Herald, January 17, 1904.

Chanute, Octave. Aerial Navigation. Popular Science

Monthly, Mar. 1904, vol. 64, pp. 385—393.

Published also in Annual Report of the Smithsonian

Institution, 1903, Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1904, pp. 173—181.

Paper presented before section D, American

Association for the Advancement of Science,

December 30, 1903. Includes reference to the successful flights of the Wright brothers, December 17,

1903.

Ferber, Ferdinand. Les progr s de l aviation depuis 1891

par le vol plane. Revue d artillerie, Mar. 1904, vol. 63,

pp. 397—443, +illus.

Abstract in Scientific American, Apr. 1, 1905, vol.

92, pp. 260, 262, +illus.

Includes brief r sum of the gliding experiments of

the Wrights and of their December 17, 1903, flights.

Gleitflug in Amerika und in Frankreich. Wiener

Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Mar. 1904, vol. 3, pp. 66—68.

Includes German translation of Wrights statement

published in L A rophile, January 1904.

Root, A. I. [Wright Brothers Flying Machine.] Gleanings

in Bee Culture, Mar. 1, 1904, vol. 32, pp. 240—241.

Author s mention to his Sunday school class of the

Wright 1903 flights.

The Experiments of the Wright Brothers. Aeronautical

Journal, Apr. 1904, vol. 8, pp. 37—42, +illus.

Published also in Esso Air World, Nov./Dec. 1953,

vol. 6, pp. 63—67, +illus.

Summarizes Wilbur Wright s lecture, Experiments

and Observations in Soaring Flight, and reprints

Associated Press statement of January 6 communicated to the Aeronautical Society of Great Britain by

Orville Wright.

Crocco, Arturo. La prima macchina volante. Bollettino

della Societa Aeronautica Italiana, July 1904, vol. 1, pp.

3—4.

Nouveaux essais de l a roplane automobile Wright.

L A rophile, Sept. 1904, vol. 12, p. 216.

Brief mention of Wright flights, May 26, 1904, and

December 17, 1903.

Dominik, Hans. Neuere Versuche mit MotorDrachenfliegern. Der Motorwagen, Nov. 20, 1904, vol.

7, pp. 507—511, +illus.

Includes reference to Wright’s experiments, 1900-

1902, and to their powered flights of December 17,

1903.

1905

[Root, A. I.] My Flying-Machine Story. Gleanings in

Bee Culture, Jan. 1, 1905, vol. 33, pp. 36—39, 48.

Pages 36—39 reprinted with title The First Eyewitness Account of a Powered Aeroplane Flight

(1904) in The Aeroplane; an Historical Survey of Its

Origins and Development, by Charles H. Gibbs-Smith

(London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1960), pp.

234—239.

His report on the Wrights 1904 flights at Huffman

Prairie near Dayton, previously unpublished because

he had been sworn to secrecy by the Wrights, is contained in a regular feature section, with moral lesson

included, of the magazine titled Our Homes, pp.

36—39, with preceding biblical quotation What hath

God wrought? Num. 23:23.

[ . ] The Wright Brothers Flying Machine.

Gleanings in Bee Culture, Jan. 15, 1905, vol. 33, pp.

86—87, +illus.

Author attempts description of 1903 aeroplane.

Dienstbach, [Carl]. Das erste Lebensjahr der praktischen

Flugmaschine. Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen,

Mar. 1905, vol. 9, pp. 91—93, +illus.

Includes German translation of statement by the

Wrights on their 1904 flights with accompanying

drawing based on author s conception of their

machine.

Esnault-Pelterie, Robert. Exp riences d aviation ex -

cut es en 1904, en v rification de celles des fr res

Wright. L A rophile, June 1905, vol. 13, pp. 132—138,

+illus.

Report of experiments conducted with a Wrighttype glider built from available published data on it.

Zur Wrightschen Flugmaschine. [Signed m.] Illustrierte

Aeronautische Mitteilungen, June 1905, vol. 9, pp.

183—184.

Anonymous author casts doubt on Dienstbach s

report in the March issue of this journal.

A Bibliography 33

Aeroplanes and Flights
Verifica delle esperienze di aviazione dei fratelli Wright.

Bollettino della Societ Aeronautica Italiana, July-Sept.

1905, vol. 2, pp. 147—148. 

Based on Esnault-Pelterie s account in L A rophile,

June 1905, above.

[Root, A. I.] The Wright Brothers Flying Machine to

Date: Flying 24 Miles in 38 Minutes. Gleanings in Bee

Culture, Dec. 1, 1905, vol. 33, p. 1258.

Report on 1905 flights.

Brothers Wright Rumours. Automotor Journal, Dec. 9,

1905, vol. 10, p. 1542.

Brief note expressing skepticism about Wright

1905 flights as reported in L Auto. The source of

L Autos information was the Wright brothers letter of

October 9 to Captain Ferber.

Le plus lourd que l air. La Conqu te de l air, Dec. 15,

1905, vol. 2, pp. 1—2.

The Wright Brothers Experiments. Automotor Journal,

Dec. 23, 1905, vol. 10, p. 1601.

Reports Henry M. Weaver s letter of December 3 to

Frank S. Lahm and Robert Coquelle s article in

L Auto in confirmation of rumors of Wrights successes.

Breyer, Victor. L A roplane des fr res Wright. La Vie au

grand air, Dec. 29, 1905, pp. 1099—1100, +illus.

Based on article in L Auto.

Les Freres Wright et leur a roplane moteur.

L A rophile, Dec. 1905, vol. 13, pp. 265—272, + ports.

Extensive discussion of the merits of the Wright

aeroplane and the evidence supporting the claims of

flights by the Wrights. Introduces pertinent letters and

materials including French translations of letters of

Wilbur and Orville Wright to Georges Besancon, the

editor, November 17, 1905, and to Captain Ferber,

October 9 and November 4, 1905, Octave Chanute s

letter of November 9 to Ferber, and quotes from articles by Ernest Archdeacon in Les Sports and Robert

Coquelle in L Auto.

Gardner, Gilson. When Men Wear Wings. Technical

World Magazine, Dec. 1905, vol. 4, pp. 447—454.

Includes reference to the Wright brothers aeroplane, pp. 449—450.

More Wright Rumours. Automotor Journal, Dec. 30,

1905, vol. 10, pp. 1621—1622.

Expressing confidence in the reports of the

Wrights 1903 and 1905 flights as stated by Orville

Wright in his letter of November 17, 1905, to Mr.

Patrick Y. Alexander of the Aeronautical Society of

Great Britain and by Octave Chanute in a letter to

Captain Ferber which was published in Revue

d Artillerie, August 1905. Editors state they have

reversed their skeptical attitude expressed in

December 9 issue of this journal above.

The Conquest of the Air, Automotor Journal, Dec. 30,

1905, vol. 10, p. 1611.

Editorial comment on the above report.

1906

L A roplane Wright. L A rophile, Jan. 1906, vol. 14, pp.

18—23, +illus.

Presentation of further statements on the Wright

flights in continuation of the discussion in the

December 1905 issue of this journal. Publishes letter

of the Wrights to the editor, December 13, 1905, two

letters of Henry M. Weaver to Frank S. Lahm,

December 6, 1905, and January 3, 1906, and reports

originally appearing in the New York Herald, January

4, 1906, and by Robert Coquelle in L Auto.

Cl ry, A. Derniers perfectionnements connus des

machines volantes Wright. L A rophile, Jan. 1906, vol.

14, pp. 23—26, +illus.

Lacking details on the Wright machine, author

reprints specifications of the Wright French patent,

published September 1, 1904.

Recent Experiments of the Brothers Wright. The

Aeronautical Journal, Jan. 1906, vol. 10, pp. 14—15.

Includes letter from Orville Wright dated

November 17, 1905, read by Mr. Alexander before

Aeronautical Society of Great Britain, giving brief

account of their 1905 experiments at Huffman Field

near Dayton.

The White Flyer the Motor Driven Aeroplane for the

Brothers Wright. Automotor Journal, Jan. 6, 1906, vol.

11, pp. 17—20, +illus.

The Wright Aeroplane and Its Fabled Performances.

Scientific American, Jan. 13, 1906, vol. 108, p. 40.

Based on a report in a French automobile publication which published a letter from the Wrights to

Captain Ferber, November 4, 1905, describing their

1905 flights.

Ancora intorno alle esperienze dei fratelli Wright.

Bollettino della Socie Aeronautica Italiana, Jan./Feb.

1906, vol. 3, pp. 19—21.

34 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Report on recent available information on the

Wrights, including their letters of November 4, 1905,

to Captain Ferber, November 17, 1905, to Patrick

Alexander, and January 3, 1906, to Frank S. Lahm.

Dienstbach, [Carl]. Das Zweite Lebensjahr der 

praktische Flugmaschine. Illustrierte Aeronautische

Mitteilungen, Feb. 1906, vol. 10, pp. 50—54.

A report on the 1905 Wright flights, with a German

translation of their letter of November 17, 1905, to the

author and a translation of selected extracts from articles originally published in Gleanings in Bee Culture

above.

Die Versuche der Gebruder Wright im Jahre 1905.

Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Feb. 1906, vol.

10, pp. 48—50.

Editor expresses great doubt of reported Wright

flights. Includes Wrights letter of November 4, 1905,

to Captain Ferber.

Die Wright-Frage. Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Feb.

1906, vol. 5, pp. 30—34.

Based on reports on Wrights flights originally published in L Auto in December and January issues.

Includes German translation of Henry Weaver s letter

of December 6, 1905, to Frank S. Lahm confirming

Wright flights, as well as their letter of January 3,

1906, to Lahm.

The Conquest of the Air. The Car, Feb. 21, 1906, vol. 16,

p. 8.

Reprints Chanute s letter of February 6 to the editor

giving details of the Wrights 1903-1905 experiments.

Mauni, Baron de.  ̧ propos de la performance des fr res

Wright. La Vie automobile, Feb. 24, 1906, vol. 6, pp.

114—115.

Fly Fast in the Air. Wright Brothers of Dayton Make

Public Results of Recent Tests of Aeroplane. Motor Age,

Mar. 8, 1906, vol. 9, no. 10, pp. 8—9.

Partially based on letter of Wrights to the editor,

Charles R. Root, February 7, 1906. Includes comments by Orville Wright on Walter Wellman s proposed trip to the North Pole by balloon.

The Experiments of the Brothers Wright. The

Aeronautical Journal, Apr. 1906, vol. 12, pp. 25—26.

Few details on Wright machine based on data

derived from L A rophile, January 1906, above.

The Wright Aeroplane and Its Performances. Scientific

American, Apr. 7, 1906, vol. 94, pp. 291—292, +illus.

Reports Wright brothers statement to the Aero

Club of America, March 12, 1906, and presents summaries of answers to a series of eleven questions submitted by the editor to the 17 persons listed by the

Wrights in this statement as having witnessed their

flights. Reprints in full reply of Charles Webbert,

March 21, 1906.

Chanute, Octave. Chanute on the Wright Brothers

Achievement in Aerial Navigation. Scientific American,

Apr. 14, 1906, vol. 94, p. 307.

Chanute s letter of reply, March 31, to the editor s

letter of March 19, requesting verification of statement by Chanute published in Illustrierte

Aeronautische Mitteilungen.

The Wright Brothers Aeroplane. Pathfinder, Apr. 14,

1906, vol. 13, no. 641, p. 2.

Based on report in Scientific American, April 7.

The Wright Brothers Flying Machine and What It Has

Accomplished. Scientific American Supplement, Apr. 17,

1906, vol. 61, p. 25303.

Wright brothers statement submitted to the Aero

Club of America, March 12, 1906, reporting on their

flights to date.

The Wright Flyer, 1905. The Aeronautical News, May

1906, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 14—15, +illus.

Grimes, E. B. Man May Now Fly at Will. The Technical

World Magazine, June 1906, vol. 5, pp. 330—338, +illus.

Article on the Wright brothers based largely on, and

incorporating, their statement of March 12, 1906, to

the Aero Club of America.

Von den Gebr dern Wright. Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung,

July 1906, vol. 5, pp. 139—141, ports.

Translation by W. E. von L ssl of Wright brothers

letter of May 19, 1906, to the Weiner Luftschiffer

Verein and their enclosed communication to the Aero

Club of America, March 12, 1906, with added note by

the editor, Victor Silberer, that he is not convinced by

the testimony of the witnesses of the 1905 flights.

Maxim, Hiram S. The Recent Experiments Conducted

by the Wright Brothers. The Aeronautical Journal, July

1906, vol. 10, pp. 37—39.

Reprinted in the Aeronautical Journal, July-Sept.

1916, vol. 20, pp. 126—128.

General statement on significance of flights with

accompanying discussion by S. F. Cody, J. T. C.

Moore-Brabazon, and others.

La Costruzione di un aeroplano Wright, Il Seco XX,

1906, vol. VIII, pp. 419—424.

A Bibliography 35

Aeroplanes and Flights
Genesis of the First Successful Aeroplane. Editorial on

the Work of the Wright Brothers of Dayton, Ohio.

Scientific American, Dec. 15, 1906, vol. 95, p. 442.

1907

Bell, Alexander G. Aerial Locomotion. National

Geographic Magazine, Jan. 1907, vol. 18, pp. 1—34,

+illus.

Reprinted Washington, D.C.: Press of Judd &

Detweiler, Inc., 1907, 34 pp., and published also in the

Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences,

1907, vol. 8, pp. 407—408; Scientific American

Supplement, May 25, 1907, vol. 63, pp. 26244—26246.

An address read before the Washington Academy of

Sciences, December 13, 1906. Includes an account of

the Wrights titled, The First Practical Flying

Machine, pp. 7—8.

Wieder die Br der Wright! Sensationelle Nachrichten!

Ein Flug von 38 Kilometer Lange?! Die Flugmaschine

von den Vereinigten Staaten Gekauft? Wiener

Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Jan. 1907, vol. 6, pp. 7—9

Report on current rumors about the Wrights.

Includes German translation of their letter to Georges

Besancon of L A rophile.

The Wright Aeroplane. Ballooning and Aeronautics, Jan.

1907, vol. 1, pp. 9—11, +illus.

Attempt to explain working principles of the

Wright aeroplane with two accompanying photographs of a model of their aeroplane constructed by

the engineering staff of King s College.

Berty. Le secret des fr res Wright. La revue d aviation,

Jan. 15, 1907, vol. 2, pp. 8—10, +illus.

Based on reports about the Wrights originally published in the Scientific American.

Chanute, Octave. Uspekhi i novyia usovershenstovaniia

v iskusstvennom polete. [Successes and new accomplishments in artificial flight.] Vozdukhoplavatel , JanFeb. 1907, vol. 2, pp. 40—46, 84—96. 

Includes reference to Wright brothers, pp. 84—86.

Article translated by N. Kamen shchikov.

Masfrand, Albert de. The Mysterious Wright Brothers.

What Have They Really Accomplished in Flight? Fry s

Magazine, Mar. 1907, pp. 530—536, +illus.

The Brothers Wright. Ballooning and Aeronautics, Apr.

1907, vol. 1, p. 152.

Extract from a letter to the editor from C. S. Rolls,

who visited the Wrights in America and who states he

is convinced that they have achieved powered flight.

Elias, Hermann. Das R tsel der Gebruder Wright.

[Signed E.] Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, May

1907, vol. 11, pp. 173—174.

Gives a German translation of the account in

Ballooning and Aeronautics, above, but expresses

doubt about the Wright flights.

Wilbur Wright Paris. L A rophile, June 1907, vol. 15,

pp. 167—168. 

Capt. Ferber s letter to Georges Besancon, with

added details from an article in L Auto, June 14.

Chanute, Octave. History of the Wright Flying

Experiments. Scientific American Supplement, June 1,

1907, vol. 63, p. 26262. 

Reprinted from New York Herald.

Masfrand, Albert [Signed A. de M.]. de Les fr res Wright

 Paris. L A rophile, July 1907, vol. 15, p. 175.

Progress in Aeronautics American. Magazine of

Aeronautics, July 1907, vol. 1, pp. 23—24.

Report on Wright flights of 1905, based on their

statement to the Aero Club of America, March 12,

1906.

A propos des fr res Wright. La Conqu te de l air, July

15, 1907, vol. 4, no. 14, p. 3.

Reproduces Chanute s letter to the editor, dated

June 27, 1907, telling of Wrights flights, 1903-1906.

Hildebrandt, [Alfred]. La Machine volante des fr res

Wright. La Conqu te de l air, Dec. 15, 1907, vol. 4, no.

24, p. 3.

French translation of an article published in the

Lokal Anzeiger, Berlin.

Chanute, Octave. The Wright Brothers Motor Flyer. In

Aero Club of America, Navigating the Air, New York:

Doubleday, Page & Company, 1907, pp. 3—5, +illus. 

Brief statement on 1903, 1904, and 1905 flights.

1908

Dienstbach, Carl. The Perfect Flying Machine. First

Description of the Marvelous Invention Which Has

Given Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright Mastery of

Man s Flight. How They Fly and How They Learned the

Secret. American Aeronaut, Jan. 1908, vol. 1, no. 3, pp.

3—11, +illus.

36 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Most extensive account to date on the Wright

machine. Referential Data on the Wright Flyer, p.

11, cites source of much of data.

Hildebrandt, Alfred. The Wright Brothers Flying

Machine. American Magazine of Aeronautics, Jan. 1908,

vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 13—16

Translation from an article originally published in

October in the Lokal Anzeiger, Berlin.

Turner, George Kibbe. The Men Who Learned to Fly 

McClure s Magazine, Feb. 1908, vol. 30, pp. 443—452,

+illus.

Based on interview with Wright brothers in January

1907. Includes many incorrect statements and uses

direct quotations which were not mentioned nor a part

of their conversations.

Les premiers a roplanes militaires. L A rophile, Mar.

1908, vol. 16, pp. 115—116.

Announces signing of contract by the Wrights for

delivery of an aeroplane to the U.S. Army to meet certain specified conditions.

Espitallier, Georges. L Etat actual de l aviation. Le

G nie civil, Apr. 4, 1908, vol. 53, pp. 398—401, +illus. 

Includes discussion of the Wright brothers in sections titled Les aviateurs americains and Appareil

Wright moteur, pp. 400—401.

Ruhl, Arthur. History at Kill Devil Hill. Collier s, May

30, 1998, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 18—19, 26, +illus.

Report on Wright May flights at Kitty Hawk by one

of a group of reporters witnessing flights from a distance of about a mile away.

American Aeronauts Disclosure of Wright Brothers

Secret. American Aeronaut, June 1908, vol. 1, no. 6, p.

208.

Editorial comment on Carl Dienstbach s article on

the Wrights in the January issue of the journal.

Dienstbach, Carl. The Recent Flights of the Wright

Brothers in North Carolina. American Aeronaut, June

1908, vol. 1, pp. 209—211, +illus.

Author s comparison of his version of the Wright

aeroplane published in the January issue of the journal

with that in the newspaper reports of the Wright May

1908 flights, particularly as reported by Byron

Newton of the New York Herald.

Newton, Byron R. Watching the Wright Brothers Fly.

Aeronautics, New York, June 1908, vol. 2, pp. 6—10.

Correspondent of the New York Herald reports on

the Wright May 1908 flights.

Verney, L. L A roplane Wright, L Ouest-Touriste et

Sportif, vol. 2, no. 6, 1908, pp. 41—44, +illus.

Von den Br dern Wright. Erstaunliche Berichte!

Rekords von 8-12 Kilometer! Eine Herausforderung

Farmans! Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung, June 1908, vol. 7,

pp. 125—126.

Quotations and summary of newspaper accounts of

the Wrights in Kitty Hawk appearing May 2, 3, 7, 9,

14, and Farman s open letter of May 17, which

appeared in a number of newspapers.

Chanute, Octave. Wright Brothers Flights. Independent,

June 4, 1908, vol. 64, pp. 1287—1288.

Report on Wright May flights at Kitty Hawk, North

Carolina.

Secret of the Wright Air-ship. Literary Digest, June 13,

1908, vol. 36, pp. 861—862, +illus.

Description of the Wright aeroplane based on the

account of the May 1908 Wright flights reported in the

New York Herald, May 29 and 31.

Wright s Secret of Flying Revealed at Last: Photographs

of the Mysterious Aeroplane, Illustrated London News,

June 13, 1908, vol. 132, p. 849.

Reproduces photographs originally published in the

Scientific American and the New York Herald.

Philos. Les Fr res Wright en Amerique et en France

L A rophile, June 15, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 222—223.

Includes the Wrights letter of June 3, 1908, giving

details on their May 1908 flights at Kitty Hawk,

announcement of the arrival of Wilbur Wright in

France, and a statement about his plane as given in an

interview with Francois Peyrey in L Auto.

Sauvage Adjudication d a roplanes militaires aux tats

Unis. La Nature, June 27, 1908, vol. 36, p. 54.

Dominik, H. A. Tollaire ber die Wright. Der

Motorwagen. June 30, 1908, vol. 11, pp. 480—481. 

Reprinted from La France Automobile.

Chanute, Octave. Recent Aeronautical Progress in the

United States. Aeronautical Journal, July 1908, vol. 12,

pp. 52—55.

Includes reference to Wright 1908 flights and the

Wright contract with the U. S. Government.

. Bevorstehende Flugversuche in Amerika.

(Uebersetzt vonMathilde v. Buttlar) Illustrierte

Aeronautische Mitteilungen, July 1, 1908, vol. 12, pp.

345—349.

A Bibliography 37

Aeroplanes and Flights
C [lery], A. Les pr paratifs de Wilbur Wright.

L A rophile, July 1, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 250—251, +illus. 

Further statement on Wilbur Wright s plans based

on an interview with L on Boll e as reported in

L Auto. Gives details on the Wright machine and conditions of the Wright contract with the Weiller syndicate in France.

Philos. Les pr paratifs de Wilbur Wright. L A rophile,

July 15, 1908, vol. 16, p. 279.

Reports Wilbur Wright s early July activities.

Selfridge, Thomas. A Brief Sketch of the Art of Aviation.

Bulletin of the Aerial Experiment Association, July 20,

1908, no. II, pp. 3—44. 

Includes discussion of the early Wright flying

experiments, pp. 25—28. 

Bain, George G. The Man Bird and His Flight.

Broadway Magazine, Aug. 1908, vol. 21, pp. 170—181,

+illus. 

Includes reference to the Wright brothers and their

machine.

"Disclosure" of Wright Brothers Secret. Aeronautics.

Aug. 1908, vol. 3, no. 2, p. 42. 

Editorial comment on recent stories about the

Wrights.

Newton, Byron R. On the Wings of the Wind. Van

Norden Magazine, Aug. 1908, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 49—57,

+illus. 

Abridged with title, The Wright Airship, Literary

Digest, Aug. 29, 1908, vol. 37, pp. 269—270.

Article dealing with the forthcoming Fort Myer

Wright tests, with a discussion of the Wright aeroplane and earlier Wright experiments.

Les exp riences de Wilbur Wright. Un accident,

L A rophile, Aug. 15, 1908, vol. 16, p. 328.

Mention of accident August 13, in which one wing

was slightly damaged.

Voisin, Charles, and Voisin, Gabriel. La solution am ricaine. [Signed Les Freres Voisin] La Revue de l aviation,

Aug. 15, 1908, vol. 3, no. 21, pp. 1—2. 

Authors take Francois Peyrey to task, disputing his

statement about the Wright aeroplane in L Auto, contending that the necessary calculations for the building of this type aeroplane were published in an article

by Commander Renard in La Revue de L Aviation, in

1888.

Wilbur Wrights envole! La Vie au grand air, Aug. 15,

1908, vol. 14, pp. 127—130, +illus.

How Wilbur Wright Flies. Motor London, Aug. 18,

1908, vol. 14, pp. 64—66, +illus. 

Reports his flights, August 8-13.

The Mystery of the Wrights. Automotor Journal, Aug.

22, 1908, vol. 13, pp. 1120—1122, +illus.

Peyrey, Francois. Wilbur Wright s entraine. La Vie au

grand air, Aug. 22, 1908, vol. 14, pp. 132—133,

138—139, +illus.

Wilbur Wright Has an Accident. Automotor Journal,

Aug. 22, 1908, vol. 13, p. 1122.

Reports his accident, August 13, when he damaged

a wing on landing.

Neue Flugversuche. [Signed kr.] Illustrierte

Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Aug. 26, 1908, vol. 12, pp.

510—512, +illus. 

Summarizes Wilbur Wright s flights, August 8, 10,

11, 12, and 13 at Le Mans.

Vorreiter, Ansbert. Erstes Deb t des Drachenfliegers der

Gebr der Wright in Europa. Prometheus, Aug. 26, 1908,

vol. 19, pp. 765—766.

Reports Wilbur Wright s flight of August 8 at Le

Mans.

Peyrey, Francois. Wilber Wright au Camp d Auvours. La

Vie au grand air, Aug. 29, 1908, vol. 14, pp. 152—153,

+illus.

The Wright Aeroplane in France. Collier s, Aug. 29,

1908, vol. 41, no. 23, p. 4, +illus.

The Wright Brothers Aeroplane in France and the United

States. Scientific American, Aug. 29, 1908, vol. 99, pp.

140—141.

Presents brief general description of their aeroplane, quoting in part from the Wrights Century

Magazine article, September 1908. 

Wilbur Wright Makes Successful Flight. Motor, London,

Aug. 11, 1908, vol. 14, p. 42. 

Reports Wilbur s flight of August 8, at Les

Hunaudi res Race Course, near Le Mans.

Recent Aeroplane Experiments. Engineering Magazine,

Aug. 14, 1908, vol. 86, p. 216, +illus. 

Brief mention of August flights of Wilbur Wright.

L Aeroplane Wright. La Revue de l aviation, Aug. 15,

1908, vol. 3, no. 21, pp. 9—11 and 1 page supplement.

Reports Wilbur s flights, August 8-13.

38 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
L Appareil des fr res Wright a franchi trois kilom tres

avec une parfaite aisance. La Conquete de l air, Aug. 15,

1908, vol. 5, p. 2, port. 

Report on flights of Wilbur Wright, August 8, 10,

11, 12, and quotation from tribute to him by Franz

Reichel in Figaro.

Degoul, M. Les premiers vols de Wilbur Wright en

France. L A rophile, Aug. 15, 1908, vol. 16, pp.

324—328, +illus. 

Details on Wilbur Wright s flights of August 8, 10,

11, and 12.

Delagrange, L on. Impressions sur l a roplane Wright.

L Illustration, Aug. 15, 1908, vol. 132, pp. 105, 108,

+illus.

Neue Flugversuche. [signed kr.] Illustrierte

Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Sept. 1908, vol. 12, pp.

537—538.

Compares Wright machine with French machines.

Orville Wright Breaks All Records 62 Minutes in the Air.

Aeronautics, New York, Sept. 1908, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 4—5.

Account of his flight September 9 at Fort Myer.

Wilbur Wright fliegt. Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Sept.

1908, vol. 7, pp. 218—220.

Summary of press reports on August flights at

Camp d Auvours.

Wilbur Wright s Flights in France. Aeronautics, New

York, Sept. 1908, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 5—7, +illus. 

Description of Wright machine and August flights

at Le Mans.

Wilbur Wright s Trial Flights in France. Aeronautics,

London, Sept. 1908, vol. 1, pp. 66—67, +illus. 

Mention of his flights August 8, 10, and 12, with

few details on the Wright aeroplane.

Degoul, M. Wilbur Wright au Mans. L A rophile, Sept.

1, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 338—339, +illus. 

Reports transfer of the Wright aeroplane from Les

Hunaudi res to Camp d Auvours August 19 and

flights there August 21.

L Entra nement de Wilbur Wright. La Vie au grand air,

Sept. 5, 1908, vol. 14, pp. 170—171, +illus.

Sauvage L A roplane des fr res Wright. La Nature,

Sept. 5, 1908, vol. 36, pp. 214—218, +illus.

The First Flight of the Wright Aeroplane at Fort Myer.

By our Washington Correspondent. Scientific American,

Sept. 12, 1908, vol. 99, p. 169, +illus. 

Report on Orville Wright s September 3 flights and

some details on the Wright machine.

Perry, Frank L. The Wright Aeroplane and Wireless

Communication. Western Electrician, Sept. 12-Oct. 3,

1908, vol. 43, pp. 187—189, 212—213, 226—227, 230,

250—251, +illus. 

Description of Orville Wright s Fort Myer flights,

September 3 and 4, details on the construction of the

Wright machine, its operation and performance, and

discussion of its possible uses as a base for wireless

telegraphy.

L A roplane Wright. La Revue de l aviation, Sept. 15,

1908, vol. 3, pp. 9—11.

Summary of flights August 21-September 6.

La Machine volante est n e. La Revue de l aviation,

Sept. 15, 1908, vol. 3, no. 22, p. 4 of supplement following p. 10.

Washington Times account of Orville Wright s

flight of September 9.

Masfrand, Albert de. Les Wright en France et en

Am rique. L A rophile, Sept. 15, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 354,

356, +illus. 

Reports Wilbur Wright s flights of September 3, 4,

and 5, and Orville Wright s flights, August 29,

September 3, and 9.

Orville Wright. La Coqu te de l air, Sept. 15, 1908, vol.

5, no. 18, p. 21.

Details on Orville Wright s record flights

September 9 and 11 at Fort Myer.

Que penser de l appareil Wright? La Revue de l aviation,

Sept. 15, 1908, vol. 3, pp. 4—7.

Comments on the Wright plane by Ernest

Archdeacon, Captain Ferber, Gabriel Voisin, Henri

Farman, L on Delagrange, Armengaud Jr., General

Bouttieaux, Henry Kapferer, Calderara, and Surcouf.

Witzig, Aug. Quelques r flexions sur l aeroplane

Wright. L A rophile, Sept. 15, 1908, vol. 16, pp.

358—360, +illus. 

Comparison of the Wright aeroplane with some

French machines, including one built by the author. 

Noel, E. Percy. How Orville Wright Made His Flights.

Automobile, Sept. 17, 1908, vol. 19, pp. 408—409, +illus.

The Wright Brothers. Independent, Sept. 17, 1908, vol.

65, pp. 669—670.

Editorial tribute on recent successful flights.

A Bibliography 39

Aeroplanes and Flights
Babin, Gustave. Comme un oiseau. Une matin e au

Camp d Auvours. L Illustration, Sept. 19, 1908, vol.

132, pp. 188—189, +illus.

Peyrey, Francois. Les records tombent! La Vie au grand

air, Sept. 19, 1908, vol. 14, pp. 196—197, +illus.

Extracts from Letters from Members, Sept. 7, 1908,

Curtiss to Bell. (About Orville Wright s Machine.)

Bulletin of the Aerial Experiment Association, Sept. 21,

1908, no. XI, pp. 9—11, +illus. 

Curtiss report on Orville Wright s September Fort

Myer flights.

The Wright Brothers Flying Machine. American

Machinist, Sept. 24, 1908, vol. 31, p. 466.

Editorial comment on story in Engineering

Magazine, August 14.

Construction of the Wright Aeroplane. Scientific

American, Sept. 26, 1908, vol. 99, pp. 208—210, +illus. 

Presents detailed photographs and description of

machine in elaboration of previous account in August

29 issue of the magazine.

Fall of the Wright Aeroplane. Literary Digest, Sept. 26,

1908, vol. 37, p. 411, +illus. 

Summary of press opinion on the September 17,

1908, Fort Myer accident.

The Fatal Fall of the Wright Aeroplane. Harper s

Weekly, Sept. 26, 1908, vol. 52, no. 2701, p. 7, +illus. 

Pictorial account of accident and the principals

involved.

Le record de Wilbur Wright. La vie au grand air, Sept.

26, 1908, vol. 14, pp. 229—230, +illus. 

Pictorial account of his record-breaking flight of

September 21.

Skyscraping at Fort Myer. Photographs by James H.

Hare. Collier s, Sept. 26, 1908, vol. 42, p. 11, +illus. 

Brief note on September flights.

Wilbur Wright s Great Flight. Automotor Journal, Sept.

26, 1908, vol. 13, p. 1271. 

Reports his flight of September 21.

L Aeroplane dei fratelli Wright. L Illustrazione italiana,

Sept. 27, 1908, vol. 2, p. 303, +illus.

Wilbur Wright s Record Flight. Motor, Sept. 29, 1908,

vol. 14, p. 252, +illus.

Naidenov, Vasilii. Aeroplan brat ev Rait. [The Wright

Brothers Aeroplane]. Vozdukhoplavatel , Sept.-Oct.

1908, pp. 349—390.

1-1/2-chasovoi polet na aeroplanie. [1-1/2 hour flight in

an aeroplane]. Vozdukhoplavatel , Sept.-Oct. 1908, vol.

3, pp. 338—339.

Brown, Harold H. Some Construction Details of the

Wright Aeroplane. Aeronautics, New York, Oct. 1908,

vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 14—15, 44, +illus.

The Brothers Wright. Aeronautics, London, Oct. 1908,

vol. 1, pp. 74—75.

Brief summary of their September flights.

First Official Flights of the Wrights. Popular Mechanics,

Oct. 1908, vol. 10, pp. 642—643, +illus. 

Reports Wilbur Wright s August flights in France.

Fullerton, J. D. The Wright Bros. Flying Machine. The

Aeronautical Journal, Oct. 1908, vol. 12, pp. 114—119,

+illus.

Orville Wright in Fort Myers. Wiener LuftschifferZeitung, Oct. 1908, vol. 7, pp. 229—233.

Reports his flights, September 3-17.

Successes of Mr. Wilbur Wright. The Aeronautical

Journal, Oct. 1908, vol. 12, p. 121.

Reprinted from the London Times, September 29,

1908.

Todd, Frederick. The Man in the Air. Personal

Experiences of Messrs. Wright, Farman, Curtiss,

Baldwin, and Others and Explanations of the Different

Kinds of Aircraft Unsolved Problems of the Air.

World s Work, Oct. 1908, vol. 16, pp. 10802—10819,

+illus. 

Includes section The Work of the Wrights, pp.

10807—10810, based on an interview with Orville

Wright.

W. Wright fliegt 1-1/2 Stunden !! Wiener LuftschifferZeitung, Oct. 1908, vol. 7, pp. 225—226.

Summary of press reports on his flights to date.

Weltrekord Wilbur Wrights: 1:31:25. Wiener

Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Oct. 1908, vol. 7, pp. 227—228.

Reports his flight of September 21.

The Wright Aeroplane Triumphs. Current Literature,

Oct. 1908, vol. 45, pp. 366—368, +illus. 

Report on September Fort Myer flights, with quotations from an interview with Orville Wright as reported in the New York Herald.

40 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
L Accident d Orville Wright. La Conqu te de l air, Oct.

1, 1908, vol. 5, no. 19, p. 4.

Summary of recent reports on accident, September

17.

Alford, Leon P. Wright Aeroplane A Note-worthy

Invention. American Machinist, Oct. 1, 1908, vol. 31,

pp. 473—478, +illus. 

Similar account published also in the Scientific

American Supplement, Oct. 31, 1908. 

Degoul, M. Post-scriptum. Suite des essais de Wilbur

Wright. L A rophile, Oct. 1, 1908, vol. 16, p. 385.

Reports his flight of September 25.

Hildebrandt, Alfred. Die Flugmaschine der Gebr der

Wright. Die Welt der Technik, Oct. 1, 1908, vol. 70, pp.

361—366, +illus.

La Navigation a rienne. La Conqu te de l air, Oct. 1,

1908, vol. 5, no. 19, p. 5.

Reports on August and September flights of the

Wright brothers.

Orville Wright Fort Myer. L A rophile, Oct. 1, 1908,

vol. 16, pp. 383—385, ports. 

Reports his flights of September 9, 10, 11, 12, and

17.

Wilbur Wright. La Conqu te de l air, Oct. 1, 1908, vol.

5, pp. 4—5.

Summary of September flights.

Wilbur Wright au camp d Auvours. L Aerophile, Oct. 1,

1908, vol. 16, pp. 379—383, +illus. 

Reports his flights of September 12, 16, 17, 21, 22,

23, and 24 in which he established new distance and

duration records and won the Michelin Cup and the

Aero-Club of France Prize.

Hildebrandt, Alfred. Die Flugmaschine der Gebr.

Wright. Die Umschau, Oct. 3, 1908, vol. 12, pp.

796—798, +illus. 

Some details on the construction of the machine.

Peyrey, Francois. Wilbur Wright recordman du monde.

La Vie au grand air, Oct. 3, 1908, vol. 14, pp. 231—233,

+illus.

The Tragic Flight at Fort Myer. Photographs by James H.

Hare. Collier s, Oct. 3, 1908, vol. 42, no. 2, p. 11, +illus.

Vorreiter, Ansbert. Neue Rekordfluge mit

Drachenfliegern. Prometheus, Oct. 7, 1908, vol. 20, pp.

12—13, +illus.

La chute d Orville Wright. L Illustration, Oct. 10, 1908,

vol. 66, p. 224, +illus.

More Wonders by Wright. Motor, London, Oct. 13,

1908, vol. 14, pp. 302—303, +illus. 

Summary of Wilbur Wright s flights, October 5, 7,

and 8.

L Accident d Orville Wright. La premi re victime

del aviation. La Revue de l aviation, Oct. 15, 1908, vol.

3, pp. 10—11, port.

Ancelle, Paul. Les prouesses de Wilbur Wright.

L Aerophile, Oct. 15, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 398—400, +illus. 

Reports his flights of September 28, 30, and

October 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.

Mousset, mile. L A roplane Wright. La Revue a rienne, Oct. 15, Nov. 10-25, 1908, vol. 1, pp. 7—11, 37—41,

73—76; Jan. 25, Feb. 10-25, 1909, vol. 2, pp. 33—35,

77—79, 111—113, +illus.

Les vols de Wilbur Wright. La Conqu te de l air, Oct.

15, 1908, vol. 5, no. 20, pp. 5—6, +illus. 

Reports Wilbur Wright s flights, October 5, 6, 7, 8,

and 10, and reproduces part of Franz Reichel s

description of a flight with Wilbur originally published in Figaro.

Wilbur Wright recordman. La Revue de l aviation, Oct.

15, 1908, vol. 3, pp. 4—8.

Flights, September 12—October 5.

Rolls, Charles S. A Flight in the Wright Aeroplane.

Automotor Journal, Oct. 17, 1908, vol. 13, pp.

1354—1355.

Translation in La Conqu te de l air, Nov. 15, 1908,

vol. 5, no. 22, p. 2. Reprinted with title An Aeroplane

Flight with Wilbur Wright (Esher Sy.): Tabard Press,

1964, 12 pp.)

Author describes sensations of a flight with Wilbur

Wright at Le Mans, October 8, 1908. 

Wilbur Wright Opens Out a Little. Automotor Journal,

Oct. 24, 1908, vol. 13, p. 1382.

Quotes from interview with him originally published in L Auto.

Wilbur Wright au Mans. Liste des vols au Mans. L toile

sportive, Oct. 25-Dec. 25, 1908, vol. 17, pp. 1568—1569,

1575—1576, 1586—1587.

The Triumph of Genius in the Air. The Watchword, Oct.

31, 1908, pp. 4—5, +illus.

A Bibliography 41

Aeroplanes and Flights
The Wright Brothers Successful Flying Machine. The

Watchword, Oct. 31, 1908, p. 4, +illus.

Martin, Rudolf. Zeppelin und Wright. Die Gegenwart,

Oct. 31-Nov. 7, 1908, vol. 74, pp. 273—274, 289—290.

Discussion of the relative merits of the aeroplane

and the airship for military purposes.

The Aeroplane of the Wright Brothers. Woodcraft, Nov.

1908, vol. 10, pp. 33—35, +illus.

Bache, Ren . Wright Brothers Make Good. The

Technical World, Nov. 1908, vol. 10, pp. 268—275, +illus.

September a Memorable Month in Aerial Navigation.

Popular Mechanics, Nov. 1908, vol. 10, 717—722, +illus. 

Report on Wilbur Wright s flights in France and

Orville Wright s flights at Fort Myer.

Von Wilbur Wright. Neue Rekords zu Zeit. Wiener

Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Nov. 1908, vol. 7, pp. 276—280,

+illus. 

Reports his flights, September 25—October 24.

Degoul, M. Les vols de Wilbur Wright. L A rophile,

Nov. 1, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 428—429, +illus. 

Reports his flights of October 12 and 15 and gives

summary statistics on his flights to date as well as a

list of passengers carried, with dates, through October

15, 1908. 

Wilbur Wright. La Conqu te de l air, Nov. 1, 1908, vol.

5, p. 1, +illus. 

Mention of his October flights.

Ravigneaux, Pol. L A roplane Wright. La Vie automobile, Nov. 14—21, 1908, vol. 8, pp. 721—722, 742—744,

+illus. 

Extensive account by the editor.

Degoul, M. Wilbur Wright forme des l ves.

L A rophile, Nov. 15, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 461—462.

Reports his flights of October 24, 28, 29, 30, 31,

November 10 and 11, and includes an account of his

lessons to French officers as pupils, the first lesson

being given on October 28.

Wright au Mans. La Revue de l aviation, Nov. 15, 1908,

vol. 3, pp. 18—19.

[Thoughts Suggested by Disaster in Which Our

Secretary, Lieut. Selfridge, Met His Death]. Bulletin of

the Aerial Experiment Association, Nov. 16, 1908, no.

XIX, pp. 1—34, +illus. 

Special issue with contributions by Alexander G.

Bell, pp. 4—22; Glenn H. Curtiss, p. 23; F. W. Baldwin,

pp. 24—27; W. S. Clime, pp. 28—32; and Gardiner S.

Bell, pp. 33—34.

Wellner, Georg. Theoretische Betrachtungen ber den

Wrightschen Flieger. Illustrierte Aeronautische

Mitteilungen, Nov. 18, 1908, vol. 12, pp. 705—710, +illus.

Espitallier, Georges. Les exp riences de MM. Wright,

Farman, et Bl riot. Le G nie civil, Nov. 21, 1908, vol.

54, pp. 33—37, 61—63, +illus.

Hoernes, Hermann. ber die Wrightschen

Flugmaschinen. Rundschau f r Technik und Wirtschaft,

Nov. 21, 1908, vol. 1, pp. 433, 435.

Wilbur Wright s Record for Height. Scientific American,

Nov. 21, 1908, vol. 99, p. 350.

Reports his flight of November 13, when he flew to

a height of 196 feet.

Curtiss, Glenn H. Lesson of the Wright Disaster. Bulletin

of the Aerial Experiment Association, Nov. 23, 1908, no.

XX, p. 13.

Author s letter of November 18.

McCurdy, John A. D. Lessons of the Wright Disaster.

Bulletin of the Aerial Experiment Association, Nov. 23,

1908, no. XX, pp. 14—16.

His letter of November 11.

Orville Wright. [Signed M.W.] La Vie au grand air, Nov.

28, 1908, vol. 14, p. 372, port.

Baden-Powell, B. F. S. A Trip with Wilbur Wright.

Aeronautics, London, Dec. 1908, vol. 1, pp. 89—91,

+illus.

Baudry de Saunier, Louis. L A roplane Wright. Omnia;

revue pratique de locomotion, Dec. 1908, pp. 2—5, +illus.

Cronaca scientifica. L Aeroplano Wright. Bollettino

della Societ Aeronautica Italiana, Dec. 1908, vol. 5,

pp. 410—441, +illus.

Espitallier, Georges. Les a roplanes Wright et Farman.

La Technique moderne, Dec. 1908, vol. 1, pp. 5—9, +illus.

Hunter, Chadwick. Control of Soaring Bird s Wings

and the Planes of the Wright Machine. Fly Magazine,

Dec. 1908, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 5.

Translation L Aviation illustr e, Mar. 20, 1909, vol.

1, no. 9, p. 2, and La Conqu te de l air, Apr. 1, 1909,

vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 3—4; comment by Jehan Donet in

L Aviation illustr e, Apr. 3, 1909, vol. 1, no. 11, p. 5.

42 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Rozendaal, John. En tocht met Wilbur Wright in diens

vliegtoestel. De Weer, Dec. 1908, pp. 504—506.

Rozentsveig, L. Teoreticheskie soobrazheniia po povodu

apparata brat ev Rait [Theoretical considerations in

regard to the Wright Brothers machine].

Vozdukhoplavatel , Dec. 1908, vol. 3, pp. 469—477.

Structural Features of the Wright Flyer. Automobilia,

Dec. 1908, vol. 5, no. 41, p. 10, +illus. 

Illustrations reproduced from Omnia.

Degoul, M. L Aviation en France. Les exp riences de

Wright. L A rophile, Dec. 1, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 476—477.

Reports Wilbur Wright s flights of November 12,

14, 16, 17, and 18.

Gasnier, Ren . L A roplane Wright d crit par un de ses

passagers. Comment il est fait comment il vole.

L A rophile, Dec. 1, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 470—476, +illus.

Another Remarkable Aeroplane Flight. Nature, Dec. 24,

1908, vol. 79, p. 227.

Reports Wilbur Wright s flight of December 18,

and gives table of heavier-than-air flights, 1905-1908,

from the London Daily Mail.

Wilbur Wright s New Record. Scientific American, Dec.

26, 1908, vol. 99, p. 468.

Reports his flight of December 18.

Wright s High Flight. Motor, Dec. 29, 1908, vol. 14, p.

730.

Baudry de Saunier, Louis. L A roplane Wright. In

Rapport sur le premier salon de l a ronautique, Grand

Palais, Paris, D cembre 1908, Paris: Librairie des

Sciences Aeronautiques, 1908, pp. 37—44, +illus.

Bracke, Albert. L A roplane Wilbur Wright. Mons:

Dequesne-Masquillier & Fils, 1908, 16 pp., +illus.

([Monographies d aviation] 1) 

Based on patent drawings and specifications.

1909

Aeroplano Wright riassunto voli principali. Bollettino

della Societa Aeronautica Italiana, vol. 6, no. 1, 1909,

pp. 17—18.

Chronology of Wright flights, September 5-

December 31, 1908.

Baden-Powell, B. Experiences with the Wright Machine.

Aeronautical Journal, Jan. 1909, vol. 13, pp. 12—15.

Account of Wilbur Wright s flights at Le Mans.

Includes prints from moving pictures of flights taken

by the Charles Urban Trading Company.

Foster, Maximilian. The Highway of the Air. Everybodys

Magazine, Jan. 1909, vol. 20, pp. 104—105, +illus. 

Popular account of current developments in aviation

emphasizing the achievements of the Wright brothers.

The History of Flight from Ader to Wright. Automobilia,

Jan. 1909, vol. 6, pp. 20—22, +illus. 

Includes tabular list of Wilbur Wright s flights,

August 8-December 18, 1908, and flights of Orville

Wright, September 9-17, 1908.

Lanchester, F. W. The Wright and Voisin Types of Flying

Machine; a Comparison. Aeronautical Journal, Jan.

1909, vol. 13, pp. 4—12, +illus. 

Published also in Flight, Jan. 2-9, 1909, vol. 1, pp.

14—16, 29—30; Engineering Review, Feb. 1909, vol.

20, pp. 116—122; La Revue de l aviation, Feb. 1, 1909,

vol. 4, pp. 11—13; Allgemeine Automobil Zeitung,

no. 1, 1909, pp. 33—41; Pegasus, Aug. 1955, vol. 24,

pp. 14—15.

Paper read before the Aeronautical Society of Great

Britain, December 8, 1908. 

Rozendaal, John. Der Drachenflieger der Gebr der

Wright. Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Jan.

1909, vol. 13, pp. 6—14, +illus. 

Published also with title, Der Motorflieger der

Gebr der Wright. Bauart und Steuerung, Die

Luftflotte, Jan. 1909, vol. 1, pp. 3—7.

. E i n F l u g m i t Wright. Illustrierte Aeronautische

Mitteilungen, Jan. 1909, vol. 13, pp. 21—22.

Merveilleuses performances de Wilbur Wright.

L A rophile, Jan. 1, 1909, vol. 17, pp. 12—13, 38—39,

+illus. 

Reports his flights in preparation for contesting the

Michelin Cup, December 16, 18, and 19.

Nouveaux exploits de Wilbur Wright. Il fait 100 kilom tres sur son a roplane puis il gagne le prix dehauteur.

La Conquete de l air, Jan. 1, 1909, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 4.

Wilbur Wright Definitely Secures the Michelin Prize by

Flying 76.5 Miles. Motor, London, Jan. 5, 1909, vol. 14,

pp. 762—763, +illus.

La Coupe Michelin Wilbur Wright. L Industrie

v locip dique et automobile, Jan. 9, 1909, vol. 28, pp.

27—28, port.

A Bibliography 43

Aeroplanes and Flights
Brewer, Griffith. The Wright Flying Machine. The Field,

Jan. 9-16, 1909, vol. 113, pp. 78, 114, +illus. 

Details on the construction and operation of the

machine.

123 kilometer in 2:18. Wilbur Wright gewinnt den

Michelin-Preis. Allgemeine Automobil-Zeitung, Jan. 10,

1909, vol. 1, pp. 34—35, +illus.

Voisin oder Wright? Was Sir Hiram Maxim sagt.

Allgemeine Automobil-Zeitung, Jan. 10, 1909, vol. 1, pp.

36—37.

Quotation from Maxim s introductory note to R. P.

Hearne s book Aerial Warfare.

Elias, Hermann. Der Sieger im Michelinpreis. [Signed

Elias] Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Jan. 13,

1909, vol. 13, pp. 1—5.

Description of Wilbur Wright s record-breaking

flights December 18 and 30 with a chronological summary of his 1908 flights in France.

Foerster, August. Ein verkanntes Br derpaar. Ein Beitrag

zur Geschichteder Flugmaschine. Illustrierte Aero-nautische Mitteilungen, Jan. 13, 1909, vol. 13, pp. 66—72, +illus.

A Wilbur Wright, la Coupe Michelin, 1908 L A rophile,

Jan. 15, 1909, vol. 17, pp. 38—40, +illus. 

Reports that Wilbur had won the Michelin Trophy

on December 31, 1908, with a spectacular world

record flight of 2 hours 20 minutes 23-1/5 seconds in

the air. Includes a facsimile of Wilbur s contest entry

letter of December 28 to the Aero-Club of the Sarthe.

Breyer, Victor. Orville Wright Paris. La Vie au grand

air, Jan. 16, 1909, vol. 15, p. 57, +illus.

The Car in the Air. By Engineer. Motor, London, Jan. 19,

1909, vol. 14, pp. 809—810, +illus. 

Description of Wright aeroplane exhibited at the

Paris automobile show.

Claudy to Bell about Enlargements of His Photographs

of the Flights of Orville Wright at Fort Myer. Bulletin of

the Aerial Experiment Association, Jan. 25, 1909, no.

XXIX, pp. 7—8.

His letter of January 4, 1909, stating that enlargements were made by the Eastman Kodak Company.

They were later presented to the Smithsonian.

De Lafaurie Les fr res Wright Pau. L Aviation illustree, Jan. 30, 1909, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 4, +illus.

Wheel, F. A. Les fr res Wright Pau. La Vie au grand

air, Jan. 30, 1909, vol. 15, p. 72, +illus.

Lefort, H. L A roplane Wright et les a roplanes francais.

L A rophile, Feb. 1, 1909, vol. 17, pp. 51—54.

Wilbur Wright d tient les records du monde. La Revue

de l aviation, Feb. 1, 1909, vol. 4, p. 11.

Les Wright Pau. L Aerophile, Feb. 1, 1909, vol. 17, p. 55.

Wright hat in Pau seine Vorbereitungen beendet.

Flugsport, Feb. 5, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 119—120, +illus. 

Short account of Wilbur Wright s flights with his

pupil Count Lambert.

Compton, A. H. Comparison of the Wright and Voisin

Aeroplanes. Scientific American, Feb. 13, 1909, vol.

100, p. 135.

Based on Lanchester s article in the Aeronautical

Journal, January 1909. 

Wilbur Wrights erste Flug in Pau. Allgemeine

Automobil-Zeitung, Feb. 14, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 29—32,

+illus.

McCurdy, John A. D. Lanchester s Comparison of the

Wright Machine with the Voisin Machine. Bulletin of the

Aerial Experiment Association, Feb. 18, 1909, no.

XXXI, pp. 18—22.

R sum of Lanchester s article above.

Zur Verbesserung des H hensteuers. Fachzeitung f r

Automobilismus, Feb. 21, 1909, vol. 3, pp. 17—18, +illus.

Alphonse XIII et l aviation. L Illustration, Feb. 27,

1909, vol. 69, pp. 139—140, +illus.

King Alfonso and the Wrights. Flight, Feb. 27, 1909,

vol. 1, pp. 116—118, +illus. 

Account of Wrights meeting with King Alfonso of

Spain and Wilbur s exhibition flight for him February

20 at Pau.

Rouhier, Maurice. Wright professeur. La Vie au grand

air, Feb. 27, 1909, vol. 15, pp. 134—136, +illus. 

German translation, Allgemeine AutomobilZeitung, Mar. 7, 1909, vol. 1, p. 36.

Based on interview with Wilbur Wright. Includes

account of visit of King Alfonso of Spain to Pau.

K nig Alfons von Spanien in Pau. Allgemeine AutomobilZeitung, Feb. 28, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 39—42, +illus.

Les a roplanes en France et l tranger. Les Wright et

leurs l ves Pau L A rophile, Mar. 1909, vol. 17,

pp. 133—135, +illus. 

Reports flights of February 24 and 25.

44 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Bell, Alexander G. The Orville Wright Disaster.

Aeronautics, New York, Mar. 1909, vol. 4, p. 108.

Originally published in the Bulletin of the Aerial

Experiment Association, November 16, 1908, no.

XIX, pp. 4—22.

Clime, W. S. The Orville Wright Disaster. Aeronautics,

New York, Mar. 1909, vol. 4, p. 108.

Originally published in the Bulletin of the Aerial

Experiment Association, November 16, 1908, no.

XIX, pp. 28—32.

Eyewitness account of Orville s accident at Fort

Myer, September 17.

Garnier, G. L A roplane Wright et les a roplanes francais. R ponses diverses l article de M. Lefort paru sous

ce titre dans l A rophile. L A rophile, Mar. 1909, vol.

17, pp. 99—100.

Von den Br dern Wright. Ein kleiner Unfall. Wiener

Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Mar. 1909, vol. 8, pp. 101—102.

Reports on accident to Wilbur Wright, March 1.

Les Wright Pau. L A rophile, Mar. 1, 1909, vol. 17, pp.

107—108, +illus. 

Reports flights, February 9, 11, 15, and 17—19.

Vorreiter, Ansbert. Ein Besuch in Wrightville, Le Mans.

Wie Wright Fliegt. Prometheus, Mar. 3, 1909, vol. 20,

pp. 344—347, +illus.

Rouhier, Maurice. Les premiers l ves de l hommeoiseau. La Vie au grand air, Mar. 13, 1909, vol. 15, pp.

166—167, +illus. 

Includes quotations from interviews with three of

Wilbur Wright s pupils, Count de Lambert, Paul

Tissandier, and Captain Lucas-Girardville.

Ursinus, Oskar. Die Konstruktion des Wright schen

Fliegers. Flugsport, Mar. 19, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 188—192,

+illus.

Rozendaal, John. Konstruktion und Betriebsergebnisse

des Wrightschen D ppeldeckers. Der Motorwagen, Mar.

20, 31, Aug. 20, 31, Sept. 20, Oct. 20, Nov. 10, 1909,

vol. 12, pp. 177—182, 214—217, 632—634, 658—661,

702—704, 767—769, 816—818; Aug. 31, Nov. 30, 1910,

vol. 13, pp. 582—586, 866—869, +illus.

The Flights of Wr i g h t A Pretty Sight to Set before the

King. The Bystander, Mar. 24, 1909, vol. 21, p. 576.

K nig Eduard bei den Wrights. Allgemeine AutomobilZeitung, Mar. 28, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 38—40, +illus.

Ein Verbesserung an dem Wright-A roplan. Allgemeine

Automobil-Zeitung, Mar. 28, 1909, vol. 10, p. 46.

From Autocar.

King Alphonso of Spain Regretted His Royalty.

Automobilia, Apr. 1909, vol. 6, no. 45, pp. 6—7, +illus.

Cei, Umberto. Il secreto dei fratelli Wright. Oceanus

novus, vol. 2, no. 4, 1909, pp. 97—99.

Le mois de Wright. La Revue de l aviation, Apr. 1, 1909,

vol. 4, pp. 54—55.

W. Wright termine ses exp riences en France.

L A rophile, Apr. 1, 1909, vol. 17, pp. 157—158, +illus. 

Reports Wilbur s flights February 27, March 1, 11-

13, 16-20, and 24.

Wright et ses l ves. La Conquete de l air, Apr. 1, 1909,

vol. 5, p. 4.

Summary of March flights.

Broca, A. de. Une Journ e avec Wright. L A rophile,

Apr. 15, 1909, vol. 17, pp. 171—173, +illus.

Heumann, S. Wilbur Wright auf dem Centocelle in Rom.

Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Apr. 21, 1909,

vol. 13, pp. 377—378.

Rouhier, Maurice. Les premiers l ves de Wright. La Vie

au grand air, Apr. 24, 1909, vol. 15, pp. 262—263, +illus. 

Impressions of their training flights given by Count

deLambert and Paul Tissandier. Includes chronologies

of their training flights.

Rozendaal, John. Die Erste Luftschiffahrtschule der

Welt. Die Woche, Apr. 24, 1909, vol. 11, pp. 716—720,

+illus.

I voli di Wilbur Wright a Centocelle. L Illustrazione,

Apr. 25, 1909, vol. 36, p. 433, +illus.

La costruzione di un aeroplano Wright. Il Secolo XX,

May 1909, pp. 419—424.

Wilbur Wright Rome. L A rophile, May 1, 1909, vol.

17, p. 205.

Reports flights of April 16, 17, 19, 21, and 22.

Aero Club Banquet to the Wright Brothers. Flight, May

8, 1909, vol. 1, p. 260.

Details of dinner held May 4 at Ritz Hotel, London.

Aeronautics. Field, May 8, 1909, vol. 113, p. 771.

Reports visit of Wrights to England.

A Bibliography 45

Aeroplanes and Flights
What the Wrights Think of the Aero Club s Flying

Ground. Flight, May 8, 1909, vol. 1, p. 259.

Les a roplanes. Les appareils Wright en Italic et en

France L A rophile, May 15, 1909, vol. 17, pp.

224—227, +illus.

Lefort H. L A roplane Wright et les a roplanes francais.

( propos de l article de M. Garnier publi

dansl A rophile du 1er mars.) L A rophile, May 15,

1909, vol. 17, pp. 221—222, +illus. 

Reports flights of April 24 and 25.

Peyrey, Francois. Wilbur Wright et ses l ves. La Vie

automobile, May 15, 1909, vol. 9, pp. 312—313.

Banquet offert au Mans aux Fr res Wright. L toile

sportive, May 25, 1909, vol. 18, pp. 1624—1628.

Account of banquet in honor of the Wrights at Le

Mans, May 1, 1909.

Return of the Wright Brothers. Scientific American, May

15, 1909, vol. 100, p. 366.

Wright Brothers Home Celebration Number. Greater

Dayton, June 1909, vol. 2, pp. 201—248, +illus. 

Includes editorial on the Wright brothers; program

of the Dayton celebration, June 17-18; article on the

Wright brothers; report by the Wrights to the Aero

Club of America, March 12, 1906; and other materials

relating to the occasion.

Official Program of the Wright Brothers Celebration,

Dayton, Ohio, June 17 and 18, 1909. [Dayton, 1909], 3 pp.

America s Reception to the Wrights. Aeronautics, New

York, July 1909, vol. 5, pp. 26—27.

Account of welcome given in New York, May 11-

12, and in Dayton, May 13.

The Crest of Fame. Fly Magazine, July 1909, vol. 1, no.

9, p. 18.

Dayton Wright Brothers Celebration. Greater Dayton,

July 1909, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 8—28, +illus. 

Account of elaborate celebration honoring the

Wrights in Dayton, June 17-18. 

Two Prophets Not Without Honor. Harper s Weekly, July

3, 1909, vol. 53, p. 7, +illus. 

Pictorial account of Dayton homecoming celebration.

Die Flugversuche Wrights in Rom. Der Motorwagen,

July 10, 1909, vol. 12, p. 525, +illus.

The Senate Studies the Problem of Flight. Harper s

Weekly, July 10, 1909, vol. 53, p. 7, +illus. 

Series of photographs of congressmen visiting Fort

Myer to witness the Wright flights.

Vorreiter, Ansbert. Kritik der Drachenflieger: Wright.

Zeitschrift des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, July 10,

1909, vol. 53, pp. 1093—1102, +illus.

The Wrights at Fort Myer. Photographs by James H.

Hare. Collier s, July 17, 1909, vol. 43, p. 21, +illus.

Hildebrandt, Alfred. Die Wrightsche Flugmaschine and

ihre Verwendungsm glichkeit. Sport im Bild, July 23,

1909, vol. 15, pp. 823—826, +illus.

Aeronautics: Orville Wright. Scientific American, July

24, 1909, vol. 101, p. 55.

Comments on unsuccessful flights at Fort Myer,

June and July.

Orville Wright s Flights at Fort Myer. Scientific

American, July 31, 1909, vol. 101, p. 73.

Brief mention of flights, July 17, 19, 20, and 21.

Brown, Harold A. On Wright s Trials at Fort Myer.

Aeronautics, New York, Aug. 1909, vol. 5, pp. 44—45,

+illus. 

Author points out changes made in the Wright

machine since the September 1908 flights and reports

on flights through July 2.

Lahm, Frank S. Flying with Wilbur Wright. American

Aeronaut, Aug. 1909, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 19—22, +illus. 

Account of Wilbur Wright s flight at Auvours,

France, in 1908.

Wright Celebration at Dayton. Aeronautics, New York,

Aug. 1909, vol. 5, pp. 43, 79, +illus. 

Brief note on ceremonies, June 17-18.

Wrights and Their Biplane at Fort Myer. Fly, Aug. 1909,

vol. 1, no. 10, pp. 18—19, +illus.

Pictorial account.

Orville Wright s Record Flights at Fort Myer. Scientific

American, Aug. 7, 1909, vol. 101, pp. 88, 99, +illus. 

Description of flights, July 24, July 26, before

President Taft, July 27 with Lieut. Lahm as passenger,

and July 30 ten-mile flight with Lieut. Foulois as passenger.

Hildebrandt, Alfred. Orville Wright Flight in Berlin.

Sport im Bild, Aug. 8, 1909, vol. 15, pp. 923—925, +illus.

46 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Completion of the Government Contract by Orville

Wright at Fort Myer. Scientific American, Aug. 14, 1909,

vol. 101, pp. 111—112.

Good-by to the Wrights. Collier s, Aug. 14, 1909, vol.

43, pp. 22—23, +illus. 

Brief comment on July Wright flight tests at Fort

Myer.

Inglis, William. How the Wrights Made Good.

Harper s Weekly, Aug. 14, 1909, vol. 53, pp. 7—8, +illus. 

Account of Fort Myer flights.

Wright Bros. Next Visit to Europe. Flight, Aug. 14,

1909, vol. 1, p. 488.

Reports departure of Orville Wright and Katharine

Wright for Europe aboard Kronprinzessin Cecile. 

Le biplan Wright. Le G nie civile, Aug. 28, 1909, vol.

55, pp. 341—342, +illus.

Claudy, Carl H. With the Wright Brothers at Fort Myer.

World Today, Sept. 1909, vol. 17, pp. 929—936, +illus.

Foerster, August. [Signed A. F.] Orville Wrights Flug

ber das Tempelhofer Feld. Illustrierte Aeronautische

Mitteilungen, Sept. 8, 1909, vol. 13, pp. 814—816, +illus.

Dienstbach, Carl. The Revelations at Fort Myer.

American Aeronaut, Sept. 1909, vol. 1, pp. 80—86,

+illus. 

Description of Wrights 1909 machine at Fort Myer

and flights.

Orville Wright in Berlin. Die Luftflotte, Sept. 1909, vol.

1, no. 12, p. 11.

Orville Wright Makes New Two Man Record.

Aeronautics, New York, Sept. 1909, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 92.

Account of record flights, July 27 and 30, when he

fulfilled endurance and distance tests before the

Aeronautical Board of the Signal Corps.

Young, Edward H. Fort Myer and the Wrights. Fly, Sept.

1909, vol. 1, no. 11, pp. 8—9, +illus. 

Description of the Fort Myer flying field, comparison of the 1908 and 1909 aeroplanes, and account of

the record flights, July 27 and 30.

Die Premier der Berliner Wright-Fl ge. Sport im Bild,

Sept. 10, 1909, vol. 15, pp. 1000—1001, +illus.

I fratelli Wright giudicali dai loro compatrioti.

L Aviatore italiano, Sept. 11, 1909, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 51,

+illus.

Wright in Berlin. Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung, Sept. 15,

1909, vol. 8, pp. 321—322.

Account of Orville Wright s flights, September 4

and 7.

Freund, Alfred. Wright-Fluge in Berlin. Flugsport, Sept.

17, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 555—556, +illus. 

Reports Orville s flights, September 4-8.

The Wright Glider as Made by Clarke. Flight, Sept. 18-

25, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 568—571, 585—588, +illus.

Der Berliner Fluge Orville Wrights. [Signed R. E.] Der

Motorwagen, Sept. 20, 1909, vol. 12, p. 708.

Report of first public flights in Germany and

record-breaking altitude flight of September 18.

Dienstbach, [Carl.] Der gl nzende Erfolg Orville Wrights

zu Fort Myer, Washington. Illustrierte Aeronautische

Mitteilungen, Sept. 22, 1909, vol. 13, pp. 841—847, +illus.

Wrights Flugvorf hrungen. Militar-Wochenblatt, Sept.

23, 1909, vol. 94, pp. 2763—2764.

R sum of Orville s flights of September 4, 7, 8, 9,

10, 11, 13, 17, and 18 at Tempelhof Field from

accounts in the Lokal-Anzeiger, Berlin.

Claudy, Carl H. Our First Army Flying Machine.

Technical World, Oct. 1909, vol. 12, pp. 222—223.

Schematic Drawing of the Wright Bros. Aeroplane.

Automobilia and Flight, Oct. 1909, vol. 6, p. 33.

Some Curious Views of Wilbur Wright in Flight in Rome

Last Spring. Automobilia and Flight, Oct. 1909, vol. 6,

p. 25, +illus. 

Photographs taken from a captive balloon by Hart

O. Berg.

I voli di Orville Wright in America. L Aviatore italiano,

Oct. 1, 1909, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 24, +illus.

Wright Brothers and Their Flyer. Flight, Oct. 2, 1909,

vol. 1, p. 613.

Wilbur Wright Makes a Marvelous Flight. Automobile

Topics, Oct. 9, 1909, vol. 19, pp. 12, 18—20, +illus. 

Account of preparations for and flight of October 4,

from Governors Island to Grant s Tomb and return, in

connection with the Hudson-Fulton celebration.

Wright Will Give No More Exhibitions. Automobile

Topics, Oct. 9, 1909, vol. 19, p. 17.

Wilbur Wright s future plans as reported in an

interview with him.

A Bibliography 47

Aeroplanes and Flights
Inaugurating the Hudson s Aerial Highway. Harper s

Weekly, Oct. 16, 1909, vol. 53, p. 7, +illus. 

Photographs of Wilbur Wright s flight over the

Hudson from Governors Island to Grant s Tomb.

The Spectator. Wilbur [Wright and His Aeroplane at New

York]. Outlook, Oct. 16, 1909, vol. 93, pp. 332—334.

Wilbur Wright s Amazing Flight. Harper s Weekly, Oct.

16, 1909, vol. 53, pp. 3, 7, +illus. 

Photos of flight of October 4 between Battery and

Grant s Tomb.

Wright and Curtiss Fly in Hudson-Fulton Celebration.

Aeronautics, New York, Nov. 1909, vol. 5, pp. 178—182.

Wright s New York Flight. Review of Reviews, Nov.

1909, vol. 40, pp. 518—519, +illus.

Ruzer, L. Aeroplan brat ev Rait (s chertezhami i snimkami). Viestnik vozdukhoplavaniia, Nov. 1909, no. 1, pp.

51—56, +illus.

Garinei, R. Un interessante applicazione all aeroplano

Wright. L Aviatore italiano, Nov. 1, 1909, vol. 1, no. 3,

p. 54, +illus.

Isendahl, W. [Signed W. I.]. Wie ein Wrightfliege entsteht. Illustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Nov. 17,

1909, vol. 13, pp. 1077—1080. +illus.

Baudry de Saunier, Louis. Le biplan des fr res Wright.

In his l ments de locomotion a rienne, Paris:

Biblioth que Omnia, 1909, pp. 163—176, +illus. 

Included in book is an incorrectly labeled photograph of Archdeacon glider rather than Wright glider

of 1900.

Bracke, Albert. Construction et manoeuvres de l a roplane Wright. Paris: F.-L. Vivien, Li ge: Librarie

Nierstrasz, 1909, 16 pp., +illus. (His Monographies

d aviation 5).

Brewer, Robert W. A. The Wright and Voisin Machines

Compared. In his The Art of Aviation, London: Crosby

Lockwood and Son, 1910, pp. 154—167.

Dumas, Alexandre. Stud book de l aviation; ceux qui ont

vol et leurs appareils, Paris: dition du journal L A ro,

1909, 185 pp. 

Includes Wright (Type 1903) : pp. 14—15; Wright

(Type 1908) : pp. 53—54; Wright (Type d Auvours)

: pp. 64—70; Wright (Fort Myers 1908) : pp. 73—74;

Wright (Type d Italie) : pp. 110—111; Wright (Type

1909) Fort—Myers : pp. 127—128; Exp riences

d Orville Wright Berlin (1909) : p. 156.

Each aeroplane type is accompanied by brief

descriptive note and chronological list of flights made

with it.

H ntzschel, Walter. Modell eines A roplans der Bruder

Wright. Einzerlegbares Modell zum Zwecke der

Selbstbelehrung und f r den Unterricht an gewerblichen

Fachschulen, mit beschreibendem Text. F rth i. B.:

Druck und Verlag von G. L wensohn [190-] 8 pp.

Painlev , Paul. Impressions d un passager. In Lelasseux,

Louis and Marque, Ren . L A roplane pourtous, Paris:

Soci t d Editions a ronautiques, 1909, pp. 99—100.

Reprinted from Le Matin, October 11, 1908. 

Account of flight with Wilbur Wright at Camp

d Auvours, October 10, 1908.

Peyrey, Francois. Les l ves de Wilbur Wright. In his

Les oiseaux artificiels, Paris: H. Dunod et E. Pinat, 1909,

pp. 212—227, +illus.

Schmidt, Georg. Die Flug-Maschine der Gebr der

Wright. [Westerland-Sylt: Druck von Fr. Rossberg,

1909], 7 pp.

Wright Bros. Biplane. In Jane, Fred T., All the World s

Air Ships, London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.,

1909, pp. 276—277, +illus. 

Besides specifications includes list of machines

built, building, or on order.

1910

Loening, Grover C. Description of the Successful Types

of Aeroplanes: 4.Wright. Aeronautics, New York, Jan.

1910, vol. 6, pp. 2, 5, +illus. 

Includes references.

Jaray, Paul. Die Flugmaschinen von Wright und Bl riot.

Technische Bl tter; Vierteljahrschrift des

deutschenPolytechnisches Vereines in B hmen, heft 1,

1910, vol. 42, pp. 31—40, +illus.

Wright Glider Launching Apparatus. Flight, Jan. 8,

1910, vol. 2, p. 22, +illus. 

Apparatus constructed by T. W. K. Clarke and Co.

for Mr. Alec Ogilvie s glider at Camber.

Ogilvie, Alec. Wright Glider Launching Apparatus.

Flight, Jan. 15, 1910, vol. 2, p. 47.

Statement on modifications made to original apparatus.

48 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Who Was the First? Aero, London, Jan. 18, 1910, vol. 2,

p. 51.

Cites Century Magazine article as source for data

on Wrights first flight.

Wright Biplane in Australia. Aero, London, Jan. 25,

1910, vol. 2, no. 36, p. 62.

Harrop, F. C. The Measurements of the Wright Machine.

Aero, London, Feb. 8, 1910, vol. 2, p. 109.

Meitner, F. Neuerungen am Wright-Flieger. Der

Motorwagen, Feb. 28, 1910, vol. 13, p. 126.

Das neue Wright-Flugzeug. Flugsport, Mar. 5, 1910,

vol. 2, pp. 140—142, +illus. 

Announcement and description of new Germanbuilt Wright machine equipped with wheels.

The Wright-Biplane. Flight, Mar. 12, 1910, vol. 2, pp.

174—177, +illus.

Short-Wright Comparisons. Flight, Mar. 26, 1910, vol.

2, p. 228.

Humphreys, Frederic E. The Wright Flyer and Its

Possible Uses in War. Professional Memoirs, Mar.-Apr.

1910, vol. 2, pp. 99—107, +illus. 

Reprinted in Journal of the United States Artillery,

Mar.-Apr. 1911, vol. 33, pp. 144—147, +illus.

Matvieev, A. Pervaia vozdukhoplavatel naia vystavka v

Rigie. [The Wright Aeronautical Exhibition at Riga.]

Viestnik vozdukhoplavaniia, Apr. 1910, no. 6, pp. 59—60,

+illus. 

Account of exhibition held in Riga at which a

German-built Wright aeroplane was the central attraction.

Ochoa, V. L. Are the Wrights Pirates? Aircraft, Apr.

1910, vol. 1, pp. 55—57, +illus. 

Author cites early flying machines and inventions

from which the Wrights may have received ideas for

their successful aeroplane.

[The Wright Elevator.] Flight, May 14, 1910, vol. 2, p.

380, +illus.

Ruhl, Arthur. Up in the Air with Orville. Collier s, July

2, 1910, vol. 45, no. 15, pp. 16—17, 19, +illus. 

Author s description of his flight with Orville

Wright at Simms pasture, Dayton, in June. 

Die Metamorphose des Wright-Flyers. Fachzeitung f r

Flugtechnik, July 17, 1910, vol. 4, pp. 16—19, +illus.

Post, Augustus. How to Learn to Fly. The Different

Machines and What They Cost. World s Work, Sept.

1910, vol. 20, pp. 13389—13402, +illus.

Includes description of Wright machine.

Brewer, Griffith. With the Wrights in America. Flight,

Sept. 3, 1910, vol. 2, pp. 706—708.

Account of Wright work shop, flight instruction at

Simms Station, and author s ride with Orville.

The New Wright Biplane. Scientific American, Sept. 3,

1910, vol. 103, p. 180, +illus. 

Description of new model in which the double-surface horizontal front rudder is removed.

The Wright Brothers and Their Flying Machine Up to

Date. Gleanings in Bee Culture, Sept. 15, 1910, vol. 38,

pp. 602—604.

Details of the New Wright. Aero, St. Louis, Oct. 8, 1910,

vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 8—10, +illus. 

Announces adoption of a rear elevator.

Noel, E. Percy. First Pictures from a Wright Biplane.

[Signed E. P. N.] Aero, St. Louis, Oct. 22, 1910, vol. 1,

no. 3, pp. 11—12, +illus. 

Account of flight over Kinloch aviation field, St.

Louis, October 16.

Gill, Howard W. Details of the Wright Roadster. Aero,

St. Louis, Oct. 29, 1910, vol. 1, no. 4, p. 10.

Loening, Grover C. The Leading Aeroplanes: 4. The

Wright Biplane. Scientific American Supplement, Oct.

29, 1910, vol. 70, p. 276, +illus. 

General details on the construction of Wright aeroplanes. Includes references.

Wright Racer. Aero, St. Louis, Nov. 5, 1910, vol. 1, no.

5, p. 8.

The Baby Wright model designed for the

Gordon-Bennett aviation cup competition.

Hall, Edward H. Aeronautical Exhibitions. In his The

Hudson-Fulton Celebration 1909, Albany, New York:

1910, vol. 1, pp. 486—497, vol. 2, pp. 1241—1251. +illus. 

Has extensive account of the preparations for and

a description of Wilbur Wright s flights which

formed a part of the celebration. These comprised

three flights, September 29, including one in which

he circled the Statue of Liberty, and the flight of

October 4, from Governors Island up the Hudson to

Grant s Tomb and return.

A Bibliography 49

Aeroplanes and Flights
Kennedy, D. Ross. The Aeroplane Portfolio, London:

Percival Marshall & Co., 1910, 14 pp. 

Contains scale drawings and descriptions of nine

contemporary aeroplanes including the Wright 1908

aeroplane.

Les principaux types d a roplanes. Appareils sans

queue. L A roplane Wright. In Rapport Officiel sur la

premi re exposition internationale de locomotion a rienne, Paris: Librairie A ronautique, 1910, pp. 33—35,

+illus.

Visiting the Wright Boys, St. Nicholas, Nov. 1910, vol.

38, pp. 76—78.

Wright Bros. Biplane. In Jane, Fred T. All the World s

Airships, Aeroplanes and Dirigibles, 1910-11, London:

Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd., 1910, pp.

379—380.

Includes full list of owners of Wright aeroplanes,

corrected to October 3, 1910.

1911

McCutcheon, Phillip. Construction of a Wright Model.

Fly Magazine, Jan. 1911, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 10, 20.

Phipps, W. H. The New York Aero Show. Aircraft, Feb.

1911, vol. 1, pp. 436—437, +illus. 

Summary of the main features of the exhibits forming a part of the Automobile Show, December 31,

1910 to January 7, 1911, including the Wright

Roadster and Wright standard Model B.

The Baby Wright. Aero, London, Apr. 1911, vol. 5, p. 17,

+illus. 

Illustration and few details on Wright machine

exhibited by Alec Ogilvie at the Olympia Aero exhibition, London. 

When the Wrights Flew the First Aeroplane. The AirScout, Apr. 1911, vol. 1, no. 6, p. 13.

Includes two photographs of the Wrights in flight,

May 1908, at Kitty Hawk, N.C.

The Wright Company. Aircraft, Apr. 1911, vol. 2, p. 51.

Brief mention of Wright model B aeroplane exhibited at the Boston Aero Show, February 1911. 

Orville Wright Flies at Dayton. Aero, St. Louis, Apr. 29,

1911, vol. 2, no. 4, p. 86.

Flights, April 18, at Simms Station.

Orville Wright Takes a Joy Ride. Aero, St. Louis, July

29, 1911, vol. 2, p. 371.

Report of flights on July 19 in aeroplane built for

the U. S. Navy.

The Wright Biplane, Model B . Aeronautics, New

York, Sept. 1911, vol. 9, pp. 93—100, +illus. 

Published also, without chronological series of photographs, in Scientific American Supplement, Dec. 9,

1911, vol. 72, pp. 380—382.

Besides a detailed description of the model B, there

is also included a series of photographs showing the

chronological development of the Wright aeroplane,

1900-1910.

The New Wright Glider. Town & Country, Oct. 28, 1911,

vol. 66, p. 21, +illus. 

Brief mention of gliding experiments conducted by

Orville Wright at Kitty Hawk, N.C., in October.

The Wright Rumours. Aero, London, Nov. 1911, vol. 5,

p. 229.

Relates to the recent Wright glider experiments.

Beatty, George W. How to Make the Wright Rib. Aero,

New York, Nov. 4, 1911, vol. 3, p. 95, +illus.

Loening, Grover C. The Recent Gliding Experiments of

the Wrights. Scientific American, Nov. 4, 1911, vol. 105,

pp. 404—405, +illus. 

Statement on the significance of the flights with special mention of those on October 23 and October 24,

when Orville soared for 9-3/4 minutes for a distance of

a quarter mile at an estimated height of 200 feet to

establish a record which endured for many years.

The Wright Gliding Experiments. Aeroplane, Nov. 9,

1911, vol. 1, p. 544, +illus.

Harwood, Van Ness. Flying Without a Motor. Collier s,

Nov. 11, 1911, vol. 48, no. 8, p. 20, +illus. 

Account of Orville Wright s glider experiments at

Kitty Hawk in October.

Mallet, R. F. Les Essais des Wright et le vol voile.

L A rophile, Nov. 15, 1911, vol. 19, pp. 531—533, +illus.

Der motorlose Zweidecker der Gebr der Wright.

Flugsport. Nov. 29, 1911, vol. 3. pp. 860—862.

The Secret Experiments of the Wright Brothers. Popular

Mechanics, Dec. 1911, vol. 16, pp. 797—804, +illus. 

Details on the construction and the operation of the

Wright 1911 glider.

50 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Der neueste Apparat der Wrights. Wiener LuftschifferZeitung, Dec. 1, 1911, vol. 10, pp. 437—438.

Some details on the recent Wright gliding experiments based on an interview with them as reported in

the Frankfurter Zeitung.

De zweefproeven der Wright s. Avia, Dec. 1, 1911, vol.

1, p. 213.

Orville Wright s Flights in a Glider at Kitty Hawk.

Scientific American, Dec. 2, 1911, vol. 119, p. 495.

Sandick, R. A. van Vliegen zonder motor. De Ingenieur,

Dec. 30, 1911, vol. 26, pp. 1099—1100.

Includes letter of Orville to J. A. Heringa,

November 18, 1911, giving some details on recent

gliding experiments at Kitty Hawk.

Gaston, Raymond. de L A roplane Wright. In his Les

A roplanes de 1911, Paris: Librairie A ronautique, 1911,

pp. [122—126]. +illus.

Kaempffert, Waldemar. Some Typical Biplanes: The

Wright Biplane. In his The New Art of Flying, New York:

Dodd, Mead and Company, 1911, pp. 209—214.

La Vaulx, Henri de. cole am ricaine et cole francaise.

In his Le triomphe de la navigation a rienne, Paris:

Librairie illustr e Jules Tallandier, 1911, pp. 307—330,

+illus. 

Presents summary of Wright flights in France, 1908

and 1909, with discussion and comparison of the

Wright aeroplane with subsequent French aeroplane

types.

Loening, Grover C. Wright Biplanes. In his Monoplanes

and Biplanes, Their Design, Construction and

Operation; the Application of Aero Dynamic Theory

with a Complete Description and Comparison of the

Notable Types, New York: Munn & Company, Inc.,

1911, pp. 230—245, +illus. 

Includes descriptions of Wright 1909, Model R, and

1911 Model B aeroplanes.

Veigelin, Konstantin E. Biplany amerikanskago tipa.

[American [Wright] type biplanes.] In his Zavoevanie

vozdushnogo okeana, S. Peterburg: Knigoizdatel stvo P.

P. Soikina [1911], pp. 82—87, +illus.

Zahm, Albert F. [Wright Brothers]. In his Aerial

Navigation, New York and London: D. Appleton and

Company, 1911, pp. 245—251, 270—282, +illus. 

Discusses the Wrights early flights, 1900-1905,

and flights conducted in 1908-1909.

1912

De Havilland, Geoffrey. Aeroplane Undercarriages:

Wright Biplane. Aero, London, Mar. 1912, vol. 6, p. 84.

Seshun, Karl. Motorlose Schwebeflieger. Fachzeitung

f r Automobilismus und Flugtechnik, Apr. 21, 1912, vol.

6, pp. 17—19, +illus.

Mitchell, J. W. Army Tests Curtiss and Wright Planes.

Aero, St. Louis, May 25, 1912, vol. 4, p. 195.

Report on the testing at College Park, Maryland, of

a new weight-carrying Wright machine with a new 6-

cylinder engine.

The Wright Model C. Aeronautics, New York, May-June

1912, vol. 10, pp. 152—156, +illus. 

Loukianoff, G. S. Tragfl chen-Untersuchungen des

Aerodynamischen Laboratoriums der Technischen

Hochschule Moskau. Zeitschrift f r Flugtechnik und

Motorluftschiffahrt, June 29, 1912, vol. 3, pp. 153—159,

+illus. 

Includes account of experiments carried out by

Professor Nikolai Zhukovskii in 1910 in the

Aerodynamical Laboratory of the Royal Technical

High School, Moscow, on profiles used by the

Wrights and other contemporary fliers.

Wright Doppeldecker Modell C, Milit rtyp. Flugsport,

July 3, 1912, vol. 4, pp. 534—536, +illus.

Wright Bros. Biplanes. In Jane, Fred T., All the World s

Aircraft, London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., 1912,

pp. 324—325.

Includes data and drawings of the Wright Model B.

1913

Busse, C. Das neue Milit r-Wright-Flugzeug.

Motorwagen, Mar. 10, 1913, vol. 16, pp. 164—166, +illus.

Le Vino, Albert S. The Army and the Aeroplane. Leslies

Illustrated Weekly Newspaper, May 1, 1913, vol. 116, p.

467, +illus. 

Short account of negotiations leading to the purchase

of the Wright aeroplane by the U. S. Army.

Squier, George. The Wright Brothers A Bit of History.

Flight, June 14, 1913, vol. 5, pp. 651—652.

Published also in Aeronautical Journal, July 1913,

vol. 17, pp. 186—187.

A Bibliography 51

Aeroplanes and Flights
Remarks made at the first Wilbur Wright Memorial

Lecture, giving particulars on early War Department

negotiations with the Wrights.

New Model CH Wright. Aeronautics, New York, July

1913, vol. 13, pp. 11—12, +illus. 

Report on testing of Wright seaplane by Orville

Wright on Miami River at Dayton.

Loening, Grover C. The Wright Company s New HydroAeroplane Model C-H. Aircraft, Sept. 1913, vol. 4, pp.

152—153, +illus.

. The Wright Hydro-Aeroplanes. Flying, Sept.

1913, vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 20—22, +illus. 

Mention of early Wright hydroplane experiments

and details of new model C-H and discussion of

future uses for this type of machine.

New Fast Wright Model. Aeronautics, New York, Sept.

1913, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 96.

Model E, first Wright machine with a single propeller.

The Model C. H. Wright Waterplane. Flight, Sept. 6,

1913, vol. 5, pp. 978—979. +illus.

New Wright Model E. Aeronautics, New York, Oct.

1913, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 140—141, +illus.

Ten Years Marvels since Wrights First Air Flight, New

York Times Magazine Section, Oct. 12, 1913, pp. 1—2,

+illus.

The Wright Aeroboat. Aeronautics, New York, Nov.

1913, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 169—171, +illus. 

The Wright Model G, designed by Grover Loening

under the direction of Orville Wright.

Expressions of Appreciation of Tenth Anniversary of

First Aeroplane Flight. Flying, Dec. 1913, vol. 2, no. 11,

pp. 8—9; Jan. 1914, no. 12, pp. 8—9; Feb.-Mar. 1914, vol.

3, pp. 8—9.

Collection of statements from prominent people

and organizations solicited by the Aero Club of

America.

Tenth Anniversary of Flight. Aeronautics, New York,

Dec. 1913, vol. 13, pp. 208—209, 220, +illus. 

Presents brief r sum of Wright flights. Also reports

meeting of the Aeronautical Society, December 18,

honoring Orville Wright at which a set of engrossed

resolutions and a bronze figure by Auguste Moreau

were presented to him. Includes remarks by Orville on

the present status of his stabilizer.

Wright Aeroboat Shows Unusual Efficiency. Aero and

Hydro, Dec. 13, 1913, vol. 7, pp. 132—133, +illus.

First Successful Power Flight Commemorated. Aero and

Hydro, Dec. 27, 1913, vol. 7, pp. 153—154.

Reporting First Flight of Wright Bros. Aero and Hydro,

Dec. 27, 1913, vol. 7, p. 155, +illus. 

Erroneously presents five photographs as having

been taken at Kitty Hawk in 1904. These are photographs taken by James H. Hare and other correspondents in 1908.

The Wright Aeroboat. Model G. Dayton, Ohio: The

Wright Co., [1913], 4 pp., +illus. 

Leaflet issued by the Wright Company advertising

the Model G aeroplane.

Wright Bros. Biplanes. In Jane, Fred T., All the World s

Aircraft 1913, London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co.,

1913, pp. 218—219, +illus. 

Includes data on Models B, C, EX, and E, and

drawings of Models B and C.

1914

Williams, Henry. The New Wright Flying Boat. Aircraft,

Jan. 1914, vol. 4, pp. 243—245, +illus. 

Orville Wright has stated that only two machines of

this Model G aeroboat were built. 

The Model E Wright Biplane. Flight, Jan. 3, 1914, vol.

6, p. 18, +illus. 

The Model E, built for the U.S. Army, was the first

Wright machine with a fuselage.

Das Wright Flugboot. Flugsport, Feb. 18, 1914, vol. 6,

pp. 85—86, +illus.

Loening, Grover C. The New Wright Aeroboat Type

G. Aeronautics, New York, June 15, 1914, vol. 14, pp.

170—171, +illus. 

Similar account published in Aircraft, July 1914,

vol. 5, pp. 335—337.

A New Wright Aeroboat. A Marine Aeroplane of the

Pontoon Type. Scientific American Supplement, July 25,

1914, vol. 78, p. 55, +illus. 

Based on Loening s description above.

Wright Bros. Biplanes. In Jane, Fred T., All the World s

Aircraft, London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., 1914,

pp. 200—201, +illus. 

52 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Includes data on Models C, CH, E, and G, and

drawings of Models E and G. Identical data in 1916

edition, pp. 241—242.

1915—1925

Wright Tractor, Type L. Aerial Age Weekly, July 10,

1916, vol. 3, pp. 508—509, +illus. 

Details and three-view drawings of single-place

light-scout military biplane. By the time this model

was available for sale, Orville Wright s connection

with the Wright Company had ceased.

Wright Light Scout Tractor Biplane. Aircraft, Aug. 1916,

vol. 7, pp. 9—10, +illus. 

Includes scale drawings.

The New Wright Tractor Biplane-Type L. Flight, Aug.

10, 1916, vol. 8, 664—666, +illus.

The Wright Model L Light Scout. Aeroplane, Aug. 30,

1916, vol. 11, pp. 376, 378, +illus.

The Beginnings of Human Flight. New York: The

Wright Company, [1916], 4 pp., +illus. 

Leaflet issued on the occasion of the exhibit of the

1903 Wright aeroplane at the Massachusetts Institute

of Technology, Boston. 

Fourteen Years of the Aeroplane. Scientific American,

Feb. 24, 1917, vol. 116, p. 196. 

Editorial comment on the occasion of the exhibit of

the Wright 1903 aeroplane at the first Pan American

Aeronautic Exposition, New York, 1917. 

Woodhouse, Henry. The Wright Experiment. In his

Textbook of Naval Aeronautics, New York: The Century

Co., 1917, pp. 179—180, +illus. 

Account of Wright 1907 experiments with

hydroplanes, quoting extensively from original report

in the Dayton Daily News, March 21, 1907. 

Ogilvie, Alec. Some Aspects of Aeronautical Research.

The Aeronautical Journal, Oct. 1922, vol. 26, pp.

381—389.

Abridged in Aeroplane, June 21, 1922, vol. 22, pp.

443—446; Flight, June 22, 1922, vol. 14, p. 362.

Tenth annual Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture,

June 15, 1922. Includes reference to author s associations with Wilbur Wright at Le Mans, December 1908,

and at Eastchurch in 1911, and an account of the early

experimental work of the Wrights.

Loening, Grover C. The Significance of the Early Work

of the Wright Brothers. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1922,

vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 16—17.

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur. Human Flight a Triumph of

Reason. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1922, vol. 7, no. 11, p. 18.

Impressions of the author s first flight and of his

visit to Orville Wright s workshop.

Calderara, Mario. The Wright Brothers Discovery. U.S.

Air Services, Dec. 1923, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 11—12.

Dollfus, Charles. [Signed Ch. D.]. Les vols du 17 d cembre 1903. L Aeronautique, Dec. 1923, vol. 10, p. 531.

Hammer, William J. A Brief Consideration of the Work

of the Wright Brothers. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1923,

vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 16—17, +illus.

The Airplane s Twentieth Anniversary, by our McCook

Field Correspondent. Air Service News Letter, Jan. 7,

1924, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1—4.

Account of ceremonies in Dayton, December 17,

1923. Includes text of speech, which was broadcast,

written by Orville for the occasion.

The Airplane s Twentieth Anniversary. Aeronautical

Digest, Feb. 1924, vol. 4, p. 97, +illus.

Lahm, Frank S. Wilbur Wright s First Flights in France.

U.S. Air Services, Aug. 1924, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 29—31,

+illus.

Jones, Ernest L. The 15th Anniversary of Our Air

Service. Aviation, Aug. 4-11, 1924, vol. 17, pp. 830—831,

863—865, +illus. 

Story of the origins of U. S. military aviation with an

account of the Wright negotiations with the Army,

which led to the signing of a contract and the subsequent delivery of a Wright aeroplane to it upon successful completion of specified tests on July 30, 1909.

The Anniversary of Flight. National Aeronautic

Association Review, Dec. 1925, vol. 3, no. 12, pp.

187—188.

1926—1935

Rodgers, John. My Acquaintance with the Wrights.

Slipstream, Jan. 1926, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 18.

Speech delivered at a dinner of the National

Aeronautic Association on the 22nd anniversary of the

1903 Kitty Hawk flights.

A Bibliography 53

Aeroplanes and Flights
Commemoration of First Airplane Flight. Congressional

Record, Dec. 17, 1926, vol. 68, pp. 630—631.

Remarks by Hiram Bingham of Connecticut.

Horsfall, Jesse E. The First Flight. The Annals of the

American Academy of Political and Social Science, May

1927, vol. 131, pp. 14—19.

R sum of the Wright 1903 experiments and their

successful December 17, 1903, flights. 

First Flight of Heavier-than-Air Machine. Aviation

Stories and Mechanics, Aug. 1927, vol. 1, no. 2, pp.

38—39, +illus.

Claudy, Carl H. The Army s First Airplane, Aero Digest,

Dec. 1927, vol. 11, pp. 636—640, +illus. 

Reminiscences by one-time reporter for the New

York Herald, who witnessed and reported Orville

Wright s 1908 and 1909 Fort Myer flights and who

obtained the first interview with Orville after the

September 17, 1908, accident.

West, Rupert E. When the Wrights Gave Wings to the

World. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1927, vol. 12, no. 12, pp.

19—23, +illus. 

Based on facts supplied by Capt. W. J. Tate.

Foreign Expressions Concerning Wright Brothers

Plane. Slipstream, Apr. 1928, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 16—17, 19,

+illus.

Marsh, Lockwood. The First Flight of All. The Original

Wright Biplane Is Now on View at the Science Museum,

South Kensington. Airways, Apr. 1928, vol. 4, pp.

291—293, +illus. 

Author s description of the Wright aeroplane as

seen in the Science Museum.

What Science Owes to the Wright Brothers; a Complete

R sum of the Early Wright Experiments. Slipstream,

Apr. 1928, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 9—15, 18, +illus.

The First Flight Twenty-Five Years Ago. Remarkable

Progress in Aviation in Intervening Quarter Century.

Aeronautic Review, Aug. 1928, vol. 6, pp. 116—119,

+illus.

Orlovius, Heinz. Die Erf llung der Ikarus-Sehnsucht.

(Zum 25. Gedanktagedes ersten Motorfluges der Br der

Wright.) A ronautica, Dec. 1928, vol. 2, pp. 242—244,

+illus.

Tate, William J. With the Wrights at Kitty Hawk

Anniversary of First Flight 25 Years Ago. Aeronautic

Review, Dec. 1928, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 188—192.

The Wright Brothers. Popular Aviation, Dec. 1928, vol.

3, no. 6, pp. 11—16, 116—117, +illus. 

Popular account of the Wright experiments and

flights through the year 1909.

The Wrights First Flights. Aero Digest, Dec. 1928, vol.

13, pp. 1104—1109, 1290—1294, +illus. 

Summary of early Wright flights and experiments,

1900-1908.

Neville, Leslie E. The Original Wright Biplane. Aviation,

Dec. 1, 1928, vol. 25, pp. 1724—1726, +illus.

Slosson, Edwin E. How Man Learned to Fly. Science

News Letter, Dec. 8, 1928, vol. 14, pp. 349—351.

R sum of early Wright experiments and flights.

G[rey], C. G. On Twenty-Five Years of Flying.

Aeroplane, Dec. 19, 1928, vol. 35, pp. 965—968, +illus.

Twenty-Five Years of Flying. Flight, Dec. 20, 1928, vol.

20, pp. 1061—1062.

Editorial comment on twenty-fifth anniversary of

1903 Wright flights.

Wilbur Wright Anniversary Banquet. Flight, Dec. 20,

1928, vol. 20, pp. 1064—1067.

Account of banquet held by the Royal Aeronautical

Society in the Science Museum, London, December

17, 1928, celebrating the 1903 Wright flights. Quotes

extensively from address delivered by Griffith Brewer

reviewing the early Wright experiments.

U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution to Appoint a

Congressional Committee to Attend the Exercise

Celebrating the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the First

Airplane Flight Made by Wilbur and Orville on

December 17, 1903, at Kill Devil Hill, Kitty Hawk,

North Carolina. [Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1928] 2 pp. (70th Congress, 2d Session.

H. J. Res. 332). 

Introduced by Mr. Lindsay Warren of North

Carolina; referred to the Committee on Rules.

U.S. Congress. House. Congressional Committee to

Attend 25th Anniversary of 1st Airplane Flight, Kitty

Hawk, N.C. Report to Accompany H. J. Res. 342 [to

appoint Congressional Committee to attend exercises

celebrating 25th anniversary of 1st airplane flight made

by Wilbur and Orville Wright on Dec. 17, 1903, at Kill

Devil Hill, Kitty Hawk, N. C.]: submitted by Mr. Snell.

December 8, 1928. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1928, 1 p. (70th Congress, 2d session.

House. Report 1931.)

54 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Joint Resolution to Appoint a Congressional Committee

to Attend the Exercises Celebrating the Twenty-Fifth

Anniversary of the First Airplane Flight Made by Wilbur

and Orville Wright on December 17, 1903, at Kill Devil

Hill, Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. United States Statutes

at Large, 1927-29, vol. 45, pt. 1, p. 1020.

Public Resolution 71, approved December 11,

1928.

Veigelin, Konstantin E. Taina Raitov. [Wright secret] In

his Zanimatel nia aviatsia, Leningrad: Vremia, 1928,

pp. 109—114, +illus.

I brevetti de fratelli Wright. Aeronautica, Jan. 1929, vol.

3, pp. 10—14, +illus. 

Includes Wrights March 12, 1906, statement to the

Aero Club of America, a r sum of their 1908 flights,

and digest of their early patents.

Kitty Hawk 25 Years after the Event. Secretary of War

and Other Officials Honor the Wright Brothers. U. S. Air

Services, Jan. 1929, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 28—31.

Report of group pilgrimage from Washington to

Kitty Hawk and of ceremonies there at laying of the

cornerstone of the national memorial to the Wright

brothers, December 17, 1928. 

Wright Anniversary Dinner. December 17th, 1928.

Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, Jan. 1929,

vol. 33, pp. 83—90.

Abridged Aeroplane, Dec. 19, 1928, vol. 35, pp.

968, 970.

Account of the dinner held at the Science Museum,

London, with inclusion of messages received on the

occasion of the dinner and the address in appreciation

of the Wright brothers delivered by Griffith Brewer

who was closely associated with them for many years.

A Lighthouse Keeper s Connection with Pioneers in

Aviation. Lighthouse Service Bulletin, Jan. 2, 1929, vol.

3, pp. 272—273.

Keeper W. J. Tate s relationship with Wrights.

Aviation s Twenty-Five Birthday Candles. Literary

Digest, Jan. 5, 1929, vol. 100, no. 1, pp. 47, 50, 52—56,

+illus.

Bacon, David. The Airplane Observes Its Silver

Anniversary. Air Travel News, Feb. 1929, vol. 3, no. 2,

pp. 3—5, +illus.

Ohio. General Assembly. Joint Resolution Providing for

a Testimonial to Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright,

Deceased, Inventors of the Airplane on the 26th

Anniversary of the First Human Flight in a Heavierthan-Air Machine. Columbus: 1929, 2 pp. (Senate

Resolution No. 23).

Resolution adopted, April 1, 1929.

Foulois, Benjamin D. Cross Country. Collier s, Jan. 11,

1930, vol. 85, no. 2, pp. 28—33.

Account of first cross-country flight by the author

and Orville Wright in 1909.

McMahon, John R. An Extra Spectator at the First

Flight. Aero Digest, July 1930, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 73,

202, 204, +illus. 

Author sets forth claim of Robert L. Westcott,

member of the Kitty Hawk life saving crew, who testified in the Montgomery patent suit against the

United States that he witnessed the December 17,

1903, flights from the life saving station through a

spyglass.

Wright Brothers. [Signed N.] Air, Jan. 1931, vol. 4, pp.

10—12, +illus. 

Written on the occasion of a visit to the Science

Museum, London, and quotes from a section on the

Wrights in its Handbook of the Collections

Illustrating Aeronautics.

Newton, Byron R. One of the Greatest Achievements in

the Story of the Human Race. U.S. Air Services, Dec.

1931, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 19—24, +illus. 

Reminiscences by a one-time aeronautic editor of

the New York Herald with frequent reference to the

Wright brothers. Reproduces Wilbur Wright s letter of

January 20, 1910, to the author and Frank S. Lahm s

letter of July 5, 1908, to him from France written on

the eve of Wilbur s flights there.

. They Said It Was Neither Fact nor Fiction and

Promptly Turned it Down. U.S. Air Services, July 1932,

vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 20—24, port. 

Author s story of the Wright flights at Kitty Hawk,

May 1908, rejected at the time by magazines and

other publications. Reprints letter of Orville to the

author, June 7, 1908, regarding flights.

Montgomery, Frank A., Jr. Kitty Hawk. Sportsman Pilot,

Dec. 1932, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 22—25, 38, 47, +illus. 

R sum of Kitty Hawk experiments.

Moore, Alvin E. The Dawn of Flight. U.S. Air Services,

Dec. 1932, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 35—39.

Popular account of the early Wright flying experiments which culminated in their successful December

17, 1903, flights.

A Bibliography 55

Aeroplanes and Flights
McCormick, Anne O Hare. The Epic Etched in Kitty

Hawk Sands. New York Times Magazine, Dec. 1, 1932,

pp. 4—5, 18, +illus.

Allder, Walter. Pioneer Airmen: Part 1. The Wright

Brothers. Canadian Aviation, Jan. 1933, vol. 6, no. 1, pp.

22—23.

Veit, Sidney B. France and the Wright Brothers. Legion

d Honneur, Apr. 1933, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 207—215, +illus.

Claudy, Carl H. Wright Flies! The Quill, Oct. 1933, vol.

21, no. 9, pp. 5, 12—13.

Lahm, Frank P. Training the Airplane. Pilot Journal of

the Royal Aeronautical Society, Oct. 1933, vol. 37, pp.

916—941 and discussion pp. 941—942.

Author includes reference to early associations with

Wrights and tells of Wright 1909 instruction methods.

Morelli, Ercole. A chi spetta il primato della costruzione

degli aeroplani. Le Vie dell aria, Nov. 12, 1933, vol. 5,

p. 3, col. 1—2.

Celebrating the 30th Anniversary of Flight. National

Aeronautic Magazine, Dec. 1933, vol. 11, no. 12, p. 12.

Celebration Commemorating the Thirtieth Anniversary

of the Flight of the Wright Brothers at Kitty Hawk.

Journal of the Franklin Institute, Feb. 1934, vol. 217, pp.

237, 256.

Account of exercises held at the Franklin Institute,

December 17, 1933.

Lancken-Wakenitz, baron von der. Flying with Wright.

Living Age, Sept. 1934, vol. 347, pp. 63—65.

Translation from Berliner Tageblatt. 

Author, then German charg d affaires in Paris,

describes flight with Wilbur Wright, October 24,

1908, and claims that he was the first German to fly in

a heavier-than-air machine.

Coffyn, Frank. I Got Up Early, as Told to W. B.

Courtney. Collier s, Dec. 15, 1934, vol. 94, pp. 25,

55—57, +illus. 

Reminiscences of the Wrights by a member of the

Wright Exhibition Team.

1936—1945

The 32nd Anniversary Is Celebrated. U.S. Air Services,

Jan. 1936, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 10.

Dos Passos, John. Campers at Kitty Hawk. New

Republic, July 8, 1936, vol. 87, pp. 262—264.

Reprinted in Dos Passos The Big Money, New York:

Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1936, pp. 278—285; translation, L Ala d Italia, Feb. 15, 1939, vol. 17, no. 4, pp.

49—52; also in Fadiman, Clifton, Reading I ve Liked,

New York: Simon and Schuster, 1941, pp. 154—160;

Van Doren, Carl, and Carmer, Carl, American

Scriptures, New York: Boni & Gaer; 1946, pp. 91—98;

Brown, Leonard S., and others, eds., Literature for Our

Time, New York: Henry Holt, 1947, pp. 99—102;

Jensen, Paul, ed., The Fireside Book of Flying Stories,

New York: Simon and Schuster, 1951, pp. 33—39; and

in Roberts, Joseph B. and Briand, Paul L., The Sound of

Wings, New York: Henry Holt, 1957, pp. 56—61.

Memorial to the Wright Brothers. 29th Paris Prize in

Architecture, Final Competition. Judgment of June 1,

1936. The Bulletin of the Beaux Arts Institute of Design,

Sept. 1936, vol. 12, pp. 6—8, +illus. 

Illustrations and critiques of first three prize-winning designs.

Greene, Laurence. Flying Machine Soars Three Miles

(Norfolk Virginian-Pilot). In his America Goes to Press.

Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1936, pp.

319—322. 

Reprints account of the December 17, 1903, flights

as originally published in the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot,

Dec. 18, 1903.

Industry s Message to Orville Wright. U.S. Air Services,

Jan. 1937, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 16.

Text of telegram sent to Orville Wright, December

17, 1936, by the Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce

of America.

December 17, Anniversary of Famous Flight of Wright

Brothers, Again Observed as National Aviation Day. Air

Commerce Bulletin, Jan. 15, 1937, vol. 8, pp. 159—160.

Whitehouse, Arch. Happy Landings. The Wright

Biplane Never Flew. Flying Aces, Feb. 1937, vol. 25,

no. 3, pp. 33—35, 93, +illus.

Moszkowski, Walter. Figures et souvenirs de l aviation.

Les v ritables d buts des fr res Wright. L A ro, Mar. 26,

1937, no. 1504, p. 2; Apr. 2, no. 1505, p. 2; Apr. 9, no.

1506, p. 2; Apr. 16, no. 1507, p. 2; Apr. 23, no. 1508, p. 2.

Sullivan, Harry. Half a Lifetime Encompasses Entire

History of the Modern Airplane since the First Flight.

Congressional Record, Dec. 17, 1937, vol. 82, pp.

1721—1722.

Reprinted from Washington Post, Dec. 12, 1937,

56 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
and introduced into the record by Congressman

Reynolds of North Carolina.

Thomson, Jay E. The Wrights Invent the First Airplane.

New York: Longmans, Green and Co., 1937, pp. 171—180.

Durand, William F. The Wright Brothers. Journal of the

Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences, Jan. 1938, vol. 5,

pp. 111—112.

Brief address delivered at the Honors Night

Meeting of the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences

commemorating the thirty-fourth anniversary of the

first flights of the Wright brothers. Orville Wright

attended as an Honorary Fellow.

The First Army Air Crash. Look, Feb. 1, 1938, vol. 2, no.

3, pp. 56—57, +illus. 

Seven photographs of accident at Fort Myer,

September 17, 1908, in which Orville Wright was

injured and Lieut. Thomas E. Selfridge killed.

Lahm, Frank P. The Wright Brothers as I Knew Them.

U.S.A. Recruiting News, May 1938, pp. 4—7, +illus. 

Published also in Journal of the Aeronautical

Sciences, Feb. 1939, vol. 6, pp. 165—167; Air Corps

News Letter, Mar. 15, 1939, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 1—4;

Sperryscope, Apr. 1939, vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 1—5; translation El Ejercito constitucional, Havana, June-July 1939,

vol. 42, pp. 58—59; Southern Flight, July 1939, vol. 11,

no. 7, pp. 5—7; Quartermaster Review, July-Aug. 1939,

vol. 19, pp. 14—17, 73—74, with title, Pioneers of the

Air; American Foreign Service Journal, Apr. 1940,

vol. 17, pp. 194—195, 214—218, +illus.

Bauer, Charles J. Ed Sines, Pal of the Wrights. Popular

Aviation, June 1938, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 40—78, +illus. 

Reminiscences of the Wrights by an early partner in

their printing establishment.

Mayer, Robert. Kitty Hawk Cachet, Stamps, June 4,

1938, vol. 23, pp. 33—34, +illus. 

Description of cachet used on mail dispatched from

Kitty Hawk, May 18, on the occasion of National Air

Mail Week, May 15—21, 1938. 

Iacobescu, Gh. Orville si Wilbur Wright. Rom n a

aer an , July-Aug. 1938, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 20—24, +illus.

Lewis, George W. The Contributions of the Wright

Brothers to Aeronautical Science and Engineering. In

The Edison Institute, Dedication of the Wright Brothers

Home and Shop in Greenfield Village. Dearborn, 1938,

pp. 26—35.

Published also in U.S. Air Services, May 1938, vol.

23, no. 5, pp. 13—15.

Address delivered at dedication exercises, April

16,1938.

Purchase Date of First Army Airplane. Air Corps News

Letter, Jan. 15, 1939, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 15.

The First Airplane Bought by Any Government. U.S. Air

Services, Aug. 1939, vol. 24, no. 8, p. 7.

Editorial comment on thirtieth anniversary of sale

of Wright aeroplane to U.S. Army, August 2, 1909. 

Story of Aviation in Capitol s Rotunda. U.S. Air

Services, Aug. 1939, vol. 24, no. 8, p. 9.

Reports favorable action on H. J. Res. 123, introduced by Thomas A. Jenkins of Ohio, to complete the

unfinished frieze in the rotunda of the Capitol with a

history of aviation including the invention of the

aeroplane by the Wright brothers.

Thirty Years Ago and It Seems Like Only Yesterday.

Orville Wright Flew Lieutenant Foulois from Fort Myer

to Alexandria, Va. U.S. Air Services, Aug. 1939, vol. 24,

no. 8, pp. 11—14, +illus. 

Account of ceremonies planned for anniversary of

contract signed August 2, 1909, with Wright brothers,

providing for purchase of an aeroplane by the U.S.

Army.

Chronology of Army Wright. Chirp, Aug. 6, 1939, no.

25, p. 4.

Ingells, Douglas J. They Gave the World Wings. Model

Airplane News, Oct. 1939, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 6—7, 40—46,

+illus. 

Popular summary of early Wright experiments and

flights written on occasion of the thirtieth anniversary

of the purchase by the U.S. Army of a Wright aeroplane. Quotes from Orville Wright s interview with

reporters prior to thirty-fifth anniversary celebration

of the 1903 Kitty Hawk flights.

Kelly, Fred C. How the Wright Brothers Began.

Harper s Magazine, Oct. 1939, vol. 179, pp. 473—484.

Popular account of the Wright brothers boyhood

and youth, their operation of a print shop and later a

bicycle repair shop, their gliding experiments, and

finally their successful powered flights in 1903.

Montgomery, Frank A., Jr. Kitty Hawk Where Man

First Flew. Air Trails, Dec. 1939, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 25,

46—47, +illus.

Thirty-Six Years After. U.S. Air Services, Jan. 1940, vol.

25, no. 1, p. 7.

A Bibliography 57

Aeroplanes and Flights
Brewer, Griffith. A Visit to America in Wartime. Flight,

May 30, 1940, vol. 37, pp. 494d—495, +illus. 

Author s account of visit to the home of Orville

Wright.

Kelly, Fred. C. They Wouldn t Believe the Wrights Had

Flown. Harper s Magazine, Aug. 1940, vol. 181, pp.

286—300. 

Abridged in Reader s Digest, Feb. 1941, vol. 38,

pp. 39—43.

An analysis of the public attitude and reaction to the

Wright flights, 1904-1908. Includes reference to

reports of flights by Robert Coquelle of L Auto, A. I.

Root, editor of Gleanings in Bee Culture, Henry M.

Weaver, and mentions other witnesses including Dan

Kumler of the Dayton Daily News, Luther Beard of

the Dayton Journal, D. Bruce Salley, and Byron R.

Newton of the New York Herald.

Griscom, Lloyd C. Diplomatically Speaking. Boston:

Little, Brown, and Company, 1940, 476 pp.

Includes brief account of flight with Wilbur Wright

at Rome, pp. 318—319. Griscom was then United

States ambassador to Italy.

Winslow, John. Illustrations by Irvin L. Holcombe. The

Wright Brothers Plane. In his Famous Planes and

Famous Flights. New York: The Platt & Munk Co., Inc.,

1940, pp. 7—10, +illus.

Cleaves, Freeman. What Happened at Kitty Hawk. Air

Youth Horizons, Dec. 1941, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 3—4,

20—21, +illus.

Bruno, Henry Augustine. [On title page: By Harry

Bruno ] Wings over America: The Inside Story of

American Aviation. New York: Robert M. McBride &

Company, 1942, 333 pp., +illus. 

Personal account by the author, written during

World War II, of the history of American aviation and

of the persons involved, many of whom the author

knew personally, from 1903 to 1942; deals especially

with the struggle between the advocates of whom

the author was one and the opponents of air power.

The author concludes with optimistic predictions for

the development of civil aviation after the war. Some

pertinent references to the Wright brothers; includes

numerous photographs and an index.

Thirty-Eight Years Ago at Kitty Hawk. U.S. Air Services,

Jan. 1942, vol. 27, no. 1, p. 20.

Reprint of editorial from the New York Times on the

38th anniversary of the first flight.

An Englishman s Tribute to the Wright Brothers. U.S.

Air Services, Jan. 1943, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 46.

Quotation from Lord Brabazon s speech before the

Royal Aeronautical Society, London. 

Stout, Rex. It Was Something That Happened at Kitty

Hawk. U.S. Air Services, Jan. 1943, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 19.

Remarks made December 6, 1942, over CBS radio

station.

39th Anniversary World s First Flight. U.S. Air Services,

Jan. 1943, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 19.

Report on visit of Orville Wright to Washington,

December 16-17, 1942.

Jablonsky, Bruno. The First Aeroplane. Aeroplane, Jan.

1, 1943, vol. 64, p. 28.

Letter by a pupil of Orville Wright in 1909, written

in reply to C. G. Grey s article of same title in

Aeroplane, December 4, 1942, which tended to belittle the original Wright aeroplane.

Jeanjean, Marcel. L Affaire Wright. L A rophile, Apr.-

June, 1943, vol. 51, pp. 74—75, 89—90, 113—114, +illus. 

A part of his series titled Histoire illustr e de l aviation. Summary of aviation during the period, 1905-

1907, and the intensive controversy which raged in

France regarding the Wright brothers and their claims

for the achievement of heavier-than-air flights.

Kelly, Fred C. The Mysterious Visitor. Technology

Review, June 1943, vol. 45, pp. 408, 410.

Author s letter to the editor contending that a visitor to Huffman Prairie in September 1905 was Charles

M. Manly.

Johnston, S. Paul. Still Mysterious. Technology Review,

June 1943, vol. 45, pp. 410, 458.

Letter to the editor refuting Mr. Kelly s claim that

the visitor to Huffman Prairie in September 1905 was

Charles M. Manly.

Jeanjean, Marcel. La Campagne de France de Wilbur

Wright. L A rophile, July-Aug. 1943, vol. 51, pp.

134—135, 154—155, +illus. 

Continuation of author s previous account giving

brief description of Wright aeroplane and engine and

summary of Wilbur Wright s 1908 flights in France.

Gardner, Lester D. The Wright Flyer. Technology

Review, Nov. 1943, vol. 46, p. 12.

Letter to the editor setting forth details on exhibition of the 1903 Wright aeroplane at the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1916.

58 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution Commemorating

the Fortieth Anniversary of the First Airplane Flight by

Wilbur and Orville Wright. [Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1943], 2 pp. (78th Congress,

1st Session. H. J. Res. 175).

Introduced by Mr. Harry P. Jeffrey of Ohio, Oct. 20,

1943; referred to the Committee on the Library;

passed House, Nov. 24; referred to Senate Committee

on Commerce, Nov. 26; passed Senate with amendment, Dec. 3. 

Broughton, J. Melville. The Fortieth Anniversary of the

Flight of a Heavier-than-Air Machine. Science, Nov. 5,

1943, vol. 98, pp. 400—401.

Published also in Pegasus, Dec. 1943, vol. 2, no. 6,

p. 12 and abridged U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol.

28, no. 12, p. 30.

Text of proclamation of the governor of North

Carolina, issued October 6, 1943, designating

December 17, 1943, as Kitty Hawk Day.

U.S. Congress. House. Commemorating 40th Anniversary

of 1st Airplane Flight by Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Report to Accompany H. J. Res. 175. Submitted by Mr.

O Toole. Nov. 16, 1943. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1943, 1 p. (78th Congress, 1st Session.

House. Report 869.).

Arnold, Henry H. They Gave Us a New World. U.S. Air

Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28, no. 12, p. 21.

Tribute to the Wright brothers.

Bonnalie, Allan F. The Wrights Solved All Fundamental

Problems of Flight. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol.

28, no. 12, pp. 25—26, +illus. 

Author draws comparisons between modern aeroplanes and the Wright 1903 aeroplane.

Forty Years of Heavier-than-Air. National Aeronautics,

Dec. 1943, vol. 21, no. 12, p. 14.

Announcement of plans being made for the fortieth

anniversary of the Wright 1903 flights.

Foulois, Benjamin D. Two Vital Problems of the Wright

Brothers. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 12, no. 12,

p. 22.

Genesis. Trade Winds, Dec. 1943, vol. 7, pp. 7—8, 14,

+illus. 

Part of fortieth anniversary of 1903 flight issue.

Kelly, Fred C. The Revolution at Kitty Hawk. What the

Achievement of the Airplane Owed to the Past and

Presages for the Future. Technology Review, Dec. 1943,

vol. 46, pp. 83—84, 96, +illus. 

Brief survey of the accomplishments of some of the

Wright predecessors whom the author asserts contributed inspiration but little technical help and

knowledge to the brothers.

Lewis, George W. Contributions of Wilbur and Orville

Wright to Aeronautical Sciences. U.S. Air Services, Dec.

1943, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 19—20.

Tribute to the Wrights on the fortieth anniversary of

their first power flights, December 17, 1903. 

Martin, Glenn L. Let Us Pause to Honor Orville and

Wilbur Wright. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28, no.

12, p. 23.

Published also in Martin Star, Dec. 1943, vol. 2, p.

17, with a photograph of Orville Wright and Glenn

Martin at an early aircraft show.

Merner, Mary. Kill Devil Hills. Airlanes, Dec. 1943, vol.

8, no. 12, pp. 2—3, +illus.

Milling, T. De Witt. Orville and Wilbur the Immortal

Brothers. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28, no. 12,

p. 21.

Reminiscences by one of Orville Wright s pupils in

1911.

North Carolina Honors the Fathers of Flight. Pegasus,

Dec. 1943, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 13—14, +illus.

Reed, Thomas R. Wrights Were the Discoverers of

Secret of Flight. U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1943, vol. 28,

no. 12, p. 24, +illus.

Wright Brothers. First of the Skymasters. Aviation and

Yachting, Dec. 1943, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 19, 33, 48, +illus.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Commemorating 40th Anniversary

of 1st Airplane Flight by Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Report to Accompany H. J. Res. 175. Submitted by Mr.

Bailey, Dec. 3, 1943. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1943, 1 p. (78th Congress, 1st Session.

Senate. Report 568).

Owen Russell. The Dream That Found Wings. New York

Times Magazine, Dec. 12, 1943, pp. 8, 45, +illus. 

Wright fortieth anniversary article.

Joint Resolution Commemorating the Fortieth

Anniversary of the First Airplane Flight by Wilbur and

Orville Wright. United States Statutes at Large, 1943,

vol. 57, pt. 1, p. 605.

Approved December 17, 1943.

A Bibliography 59

Aeroplanes and Flights
Speech of Hon. Lindsay Warren. Extension of Remarks

of Hon. Herbert C. Bonner. Congressional Record, Dec.

18, 1943, vol. 89, appendix p. A5577.

Speech delivered December 17, 1943, at celebration honoring Orville Wright, Washington,

Chandler, Charles D., and Lahm, Frank P. Signal Corps

No. 1 to Smithsonian. In their How Our Army Grew

Wings. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1943, p.

187.

Note on circumstance leading to the deposit of the

Wright 1909 aeroplane in the Smithsonian Institution,

October 1911.

Fortieth Anniversary. Model Airplane News, Jan. 1944,

vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 10—11, 45—46, +illus.

The Fortieth Anniversary. The World Honors the Wright

Brothers. National Aeronautics, Jan. 1944, vol. 22, no. 1,

pp. 12—13, 54, +illus.

The Orville Wright Dinner. U.S. Air Services, Jan. 1944,

vol. 29, no. 1, p. 10.

Brief report on fortieth anniversary dinner given by

the Aero Club of Washington, December 17, 1943,

and attended by Orville Wright.

Wright Bros. Flier Model. Airplane News, Jan. 1944,

vol. 30, p. 10.

Scale plans drawn by W. A. Wylam.

P[arish], W[ayne] W. The Wright Dinner Moral

Lesson. American Aviation, Jan. 1, 1944, vol. 7, no. 15,

pp. 23—24, +illus.

Wright Brothers Honored on Flight Anniversary. Aero

Digest, Jan. 1, 1944, vol. 44, pp. 191, 201.

Blake, Bob. 41 Years of Flight. Aviation and Yachting,

Dec. 1944, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 32—33, 35—36, +illus. 

Anniversary account of Wright 1903 flights.

Carnegie, Dale. They Made History in Twelve Seconds

[Wright Brothers]. In his Dale Carnegie s Biographical

Roundup; Highlights in the Lives of Forty Famous

People. New York: Greenberg, 1944, pp. 228—233.

Included also in British edition (Kingswood,

Surrey: The World s Work, Ltd., 1946), pp. 190—195.

Orville Wright Attends 41st Anniversary Celebration.

U.S. Air Services, Jan. 1945, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 18—19.

Report on Orville Wright s attendance at meeting of

the National Aeronautic Association and the Institute

of the Aeronautical Sciences, Washington, D.C.,

December 17, 1944. On this occasion, as a previous

recipient of the Robert Collier Trophy, he was presented with a certificate of award for the year 1913.

Builders of America; Picture Biography. Scholastic, Apr.

30, 1945, vol. 46, p. 11. +illus. 

Account of Wright brothers.

Kelly, Fred C. For the Wright Record. Technology

Review, June 1945, vol. 47, pp. 484—485, +illus. 

An account of the arrangements made by the

Wrights for recording data on their December 17,

1903 flights. The recording devices used were a revolution counter, anemometer, and stop watch. Based on

information furnished by Orville Wright in a letter to

the author, January 17, 1945. 

Wylam, William. Wright Brothers Original Flier. In his

Scale Models by Wylam. Book II. New York: Air Age,

Inc., 1945, frontispiece. 

1946—1955

Hettick, John. Twelve Seconds for the Wrights. Aero

Digest, Apr. 1946, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 29, 156, +illus. 

Story of the early Wright experiments published in

the author s series of articles titled, Gallery of

Aviation s Frontiersmen No. 4. 

Sidram, Louis. When the Aeroplane First Saluted Liberty.

Esquire, May 1946, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 48—50, +illus. 

Wilbur Wright s flight of September 29, 1909, from

Governors Island around the Statue of Liberty and

return; accompanied by a colored lithograph of this

event by Harper Goff.

Wylam Masterplans: Wright Model A, Wright Model B.

Model Airplane News, Mar. 1947, vol. 36, pp. 34—35.

Kelly, Fred C. First Night Flight. Technology Review,

July 1947, vol. 49, p. 521.

Account of Orville Wright s flight, September 1909

at Dormstedt (i.e., Bornstedt) military parade ground

near Potsdam.

Mattioli, Guido. L Aero Club di Roma onora Wilbur

Wright, ed i pionieri dell aria di tutto il mondo.

L Aviazione, Oct. 26, 1947, vol. 30, +illus.

The Army-Wright Contract. Chirp, Mar. 1948, no. 37, 

p. 4.

Brief summary of events leading to the signing of a

contract between the U.S. Army and the Wrights,

February 10, 1908. 

60 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Deux lettres des fr res Wright. Forces a riennes francaises, Mar. 1948, pp. 880—883.

Letters of December 29, 1903, and November 4,

1905, from Wright brothers to Captain Ferber.

Kitty Hawk in 1908. Chirp, Mar. 1948, no. 37, p. 5.

Summary of Wright flights, May 1908.

Orville Flies Army Plane. Chirp, Mar. 1948, no. 37, p. 6.

Chronology of Orville Wright s Fort Myer flights,

September 1908.

The Wayward Press with Due Apology to The New

Yorker. U.S. Air Services, Mar. 1948, vol. 33, no. 3, pp.

7—9.

Concerning articles about Wright brothers following the death of Orville Wright on January 30, 1948. 

The Wright Brothers. Journal of the Royal Aeronautical

Society, Mar. 1948, vol. 52 pp. 141—150.

Statement on the work of the Wrights written on the

occasion of Orville s death. Includes impressions of

the Wrights written by Griffith Brewer, Sir Francis

McClean, Lord Brabazon of Tara, Sir Roy Fedden,

and Dr. H. Roxbee Cox and his brief bibliography.

Wright Brothers Records. Chirp, Mar. 1948, no. 37, p. 6.

Tabulation of record performances, December 14,

1903-September 18, 1909.

McSurely, Alexander. [signed A. McS.] New Historical

Booklet Disregards Wright s Aviation Contribution.

Aviation News, Mar. 11, 1946, vol. 5, pp. 10—11.

Review of Albert F. Zahm s Early Powerplane

Fathers with Orville Wright s comments as set forth

in a letter to McSurely, February 5, 1946. 

The Wright Negotiations. Chirp, Aug. 1948, no. 38, pp.

1, 7—8.

Chronological summary of negotiations for the sale

of their aeroplane to the United States Government,

1905-1908.

Courtney, W. B. Twelve Seconds that Shrank the Earth.

Collier s, Dec. 25, 1948, vol. 122, p. 94, +illus.

Aviation s Shrine. Newsweek, Dec. 27, 1948, vol. 32, p.

43.

Davy, Maurice J. B. [Wright Brothers] In his Interpretive

History of Flight; a Survey of the History and

Development of Aeronautics with Particular Reference

to Contemporary Influences and Conditions. London: H.

Majesty s Stationery Office, 1948, pp. 103—109,

113—117, 122—123, +illus. 

Included also in 1937 edition (London: H.

Majesty s Stationery Office, 1937), pp. 121—127,

131—136, 142—143, 147.

Deals primarily with the development of the Wright

aeroplane through 1905.

The First Controlled Human Flight the Wright

Brothers. In U.S. National Air Museum, National

Aircraft Collection. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian

Institution, 1949, pp. 14—19, +illus.

Engel, Leonard. Between Wind and Water; in Forty-Five

Years as a Telegrapher on the Only Line Serving the

Carolina Banks, near Cape Hatteras, Alpheus

Drinkwater Has Seen More Shipwrecks than Any Other

Man Alive. True Magazine, Jan. 1949, vol. 24, no. 140,

pp. 54—55, 57.

Includes account of sending of telegram, December

17, 1903, from Wrights to Dayton.

Kelly, Fred C. Traits of the Wright Brothers. Technology

Review, June 1949, vol. 51, pp. 504—507.

Representative anecdotes about the Wrights,

emphasizing their modesty, thoroughness, and practical common sense.

L Aviazione italiano onora i fratelli Wright. L Aviazione,

July 15, 1949, vol. 31, p. 1, +illus.

Pedace, Giovanni. Gli albori dell aviazione militare italiano 1909. L Aviazione, July 15, 1949, vol. 31, pp. 1—2.

First Wright Glider. Chirp, Nov. 1, 1949, no. 48, pp.

10—12.

Al Williams in Charge of Celebration at Kitty Hawk.

U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1949, vol. 34, no. 12, p. 17.

Lindbergh, Charles A. A Lesson from the Wright

Brothers. Aviation Week, Dec. 26, 1949, vol. 51, no. 26,

p. 42.

Address delivered, December 17, 1948, at

Washington, D.C., on the occasion of the 46th

anniversary of the 1903 flight.

Il primo volo di W. Wright. L Aviazione, Jan. 30, 1950,

vol. 32, p. 1.

Reproduces Ambassador James Clement Dunn s

letter of December 21 to Guido Mattioli acknowledging tribute to the Wrights in Mattioli s letter of

December 17 to Dunn.

Arnold, Henry H. Dayton and the Wright Brothers 1911;

Learning to Fly. National Air Review, Apr. 1950, vol. [1]

pp. 26—32.

A Bibliography 61

Aeroplanes and Flights
Originally published in his Global Mission, New

York: Harper & Brothers, 1949, pp. 16—29.

Kitty Hawk. Chirp, Apr. 1, 1950, no. 43, pp. 3—4. 

Account of Frank Lahm s participation in the fortysixth anniversary celebration of the Wrights first

flights.

Langewiesche, Wolfgang. What the Wrights Really

Invented. Harper s Magazine, June 1950, vol. 200, pp.

102—105.

Published also in U.S. Air Services, Aug. 1950, vol.

35, no. 8, pp. 13, 16—17, +illus.

Author stresses their achievement of control of

flight, particularly the control of bank by the use of

wing-warping in conjunction with a controllable vertical tail-rudder.

Beck, Charles P. It Happened at Kitty Hawk; First Plane

Flight at Kitty Hawk. Instructor, Dec. 1950, vol. 60, p.

23, +illus.

[Findley, Earl N.] If a Lie Is Repeated Often Enough

Someone Will Believe It. U.S. Air Services, Sept. 1951,

vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 5—6.

Editorial taking exception to statements by C. G.

Grey that Ader was the first to achieve powered flight

in an article titled, The First Half-Century of

Aviation, Interavia, June 1951, vol. 6, p. 319.

Brown, Aycock. The Kill Devil Story. Air Force, Dec.

1951, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 11—12.

Statement on aims and purpose of the Kill Devil

Hill Memorial Association and its plans to become a

national organization with name Kill Devil Hill

Memorial Society.

Lahm, Frank P. Memoirs of Fort Myer. Aeronautica,

Jan./Mar. 1952, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1, 9—10, +illus. 

Description of Wright first military aeroplane.

Golden Anniversary of Flight to Be Observed Fittingly.

National Aeronautics, Dec. 1952, vol. 31, p. 2.

Announces plans for the nationwide, yearlong observance of the fiftieth anniversary of powered flight.

Wright Memorial Observance. Aviation Week, Dec. 29,

1952, vol. 57, p. 15.

Summary of events held in Kitty Hawk, N.C.,

Dayton, Ohio, and Washington, D. C., on December

17, 1952, in celebration of forty-ninth anniversary of

the Wright brothers first successful flights.

Ludovico, Domenico. I Realizzatori dell Aeroplano:

Wright. In his L Aeroplano; Soluzione ed Evoluzione del

Problema del Volo. 3. ed. Rome: Associazione Culturale

Aeronautica, 1952, pp. 25—32, +illus.

Rolfe, Douglas. Wrights Biplane. Air Progress; History

of Aviation, 1952, pp. 62—63.

Whitehouse, Arch. Illustrated by Albert Orbaan.

Success at Kitty Hawk. In his The Real Book about

Airplanes. Garden City, New York: Garden City Books,

1952, pp. 55—66, +illus. 

Included also in 1961 edition, pp. 63—74.

Allen, Carl B. The Concept of Flight That Worked. BeeHive, Jan. 1953, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 3—6, +illus. 

Account of early Wright brothers experiments and

research which led to their successful powered flights

of December 17, 1903. 

Ceremonies Held at Kitty Hawk. National Aeronautics,

Jan. 1953, vol. 32, p. 5.

Account of Wright brothers anniversary celebration, December 17, 1952.

Haven, Gil. The Wrights at the Stick. Bee-Hive, Jan.

1953, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 12—15, +illus. 

Account of the development of controls and piloting techniques of Wrights.

Johnson, Jesse S. Kitty Hawk Ceremonies Inaugurate

50th Year Wright Flight Anniversary. Airpost Journal,

Jan. 1953, vol. 24, pp. 108, 126.

Ushering in the Golden Anniversary of Flight. U.S. Air

Services, Jan. 1953, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1—2.

Fravel, Ira F. The Wright Brothers, B. F. (Before Flying).

U.S. Air Services, Feb. 1953, vol. 38, no. 2, p. 16.

Whitener, Ralph V. Fly-By at Kitty Hawk. Air Force,

Feb. 1953, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 54—56, +illus. 

Account of Wright brothers 49th anniversary ceremonies at Kitty Hawk, December 17, 1952. 

U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution to Provide for

Proper Participation by the United States Government

in a National Celebration of the Fiftieth Anniversary

Year of Controlled Powered Flight Occurring during the

Year from Dec. 17, 1952, to Dec. 17, 1953. Washington,

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1953, 3 pp. (83rd

Congress, 1st Session. H. J. Res. 193).

Introduced Feb. 18, 1953, by Mr. Hinshaw of

California; referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Allen, C. B. Earl N. Findley, Chronicler of the Era of

Powered Flight. Pegasus, Apr. 1953, vol. 20, no. 4, pp.

62 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
6—12, +illus. 

Includes extensive reference to Findley s associations and friendship with the Wrights.

Harper, Harry. I Watched Wilbur Fly. Air Trails, May

1953, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 24—25, +illus. 

Author s recollections of Wilbur Wright at Le

Mans, France, in the summer of 1908.

Fiftieth Anniversary of Powered Flight. Extension of

Remarks of Hon. Peter F. Mack, Jr. Congressional

Record, May 28, 1953, vol. 99, appendix pp.

A3206—A3207.

Description of commemorative stamp marking the

50th anniversary of the Wright brothers flight provided for in a bill introduced by Congressman Mack.

The Birth of Flight. Air University Quarterly Review,

Summer 1953, vol. 6, p. 2, +illus. 

Photograph of the Wrights first powered flight on

December 17, 1903, made from the original glassplate negative in the collections of the Library of

Congress.

Chester, Ralph. Astonished Reporters and Skeptical

Editors. The State, July 18, 1953, vol. 21, pp. 6—7.

Davis, Chester. North Carolina s Twelve Great Seconds.

The State, July 18, 1953, vol. 21, pp. 3—5, 50.

Bonney, Walter T. Prelude to Kitty Hawk. Part V.

Pegasus, Sept. 1953, vol. 21, pp. 6—11, +illus. 

The last in a series of five articles deals with the

Wright brothers and their successful flights on

December 17, 1903. 

Lipp, Frederick J. Let her go, Wilbur! The Wright

Brothers of Ohio Led the Way to the Skies. Inside Ohio

Magazine, Sept. 1953, vol. 2, pp. 70—72.

The Wrights Airplane in Europe. Bee-Hive, Fall 1953,

vol. 28, pp. 28—29, +illus. 

Brief report on Wrights European flights, 1908-

1909.

Wright Golden Anniversary to Last 4 Days This Year.

Air Force Times, Sept. 26, 1953, vol. 14, p. 8.

Big Four Day Observance at Kitty Hawk. National

Aeronautics and Flight Plan, Nov. 1953, vol. 32, p. 7.

Announces plans for Wright brothers celebration,

December 14-17, 1953.

Barnaby, Ralph S. Gliding Experiments That Made the

50th Anniversary of Powered Flight Possible. Soaring,

Nov./Dec. 1953, vol. 17, pp. 2—3, 10, 14, 26.

Summarizes available data on the Wright gliders and

Wright gliding experiments, 1900-1902, and 1911. 

Broomfield, G. A. The Wright Brothers in Europe. Esso

Air World, Nov./Dec. 1953, vol. 6, pp. 68—71, +illus. 

An account of the Wrights flights in and visits to

England, France, Germany, and Italy, 1908-1911. 

Lodi, Angelo. Agli inizi di una era nuova. Rivista

Aeronautica, Nov./Dec. 1953, vol. 29, pp. 801—807,

+illus. 

Anniversary article dealing with the Wright brothers and their flights, 1900-1909, ending with their

flights at Centocelle, Italy, in April 1909. 

Dollfus, Charles. First Powered Flights; New Historical

Facts Justify International Recognition of the Wright

Brothers. Flight Magazine, Dec. 1953, vol. 40, pp.

38—39, 44, 49—54, +illus. 

Analyzes claims of Clement Ader, Alberto SantosDumont, and the Wright brothers to being the first to

fly.

Fifty Years of Flight; 31 Historic Photographs. National

Geographic, Dec. 1953, vol. 104, pp. 740—756.

The first six photographs are of flights by Wilbur

and Orville Wright, 1903-1908. 

Harper, Harry. I Watched Wilbur Fly. Royal Air Force

Flying Review, Dec. 1953, vol. 9, pp. 19—20, 43.

Author s recollection of his observation of a flight

by Wilbur at Le Mans, France, in 1908. 

Kelly, Fred C. Web of Circumstance. Air Force, Dec.

1953, vol. 36, p. 40.

The author s observations on Wilbur Wright s statement in a letter to Octave Chanute, October 28, 1906,

that the successful 1903 flights were due to peculiar

combinations of circumstances which might never

occur again.

. The Wright Brothers Worst Brush-Off. Air

Force, Dec. 1953, vol. 36, pp. 38—40, 42, +illus. 

An account of the Wright brothers negotiations,

1905-1908, with the U.S. War Department for the purchase of their aeroplane.

Muller, Jane S. Kitty Hawk Jubilee. Compressed Air

Magazine, Dec. 1953, vol. 58, pp. 337—339, +illus. 

A popular fiftieth anniversary article which confuses the dates of death of Wilbur and Orville, p.

338, in the sentence, Orville died in 1912, but

Wilbur lived through two wars in which aviation was

a major factor. 

A Bibliography 63

Aeroplanes and Flights
Orville et Wilbur Wright effectuaient, il y a cinquante

ans, leurs premiers vols. Aero France, Dec. 1953, pp.

179—180.

Anniversary article based on original reports published in L A rophile, January 1904 and December

1905.

Rutledge, William. Birth of Flight. Royal Air Force

Flying Review, Dec. 1953, vol. 9, pp. 17—18.

A fiftieth anniversary article dealing with the

Wrights December 17, 1903, flights at Kitty Hawk,

N.C. 

Unos segundos para la historia [signed J. H.]. Revista

Nacional de Aeronautica, Dec. 1953, vol. 13, pp. 26—29,

+illus.

Warring, Ron. 50 Years Ago. Model Aircraft, Dec. 1953,

vol. 12, pp. 552—554, +illus. 

Instructions for making a scale model of the Wright

1903 aeroplane.

Wright Papers Appear to Top 50th Events. Air Force

Times, Dec. 1953, vol. 14, p. 17.

Havemann, Ernest. The Day That Man First Flew.

Wrights Papers Recall Great Event 50 Years Ago. Life,

Dec. 7, 1953, vol. 35, pp. 162—176, +illus.

Summary of letters from the papers of Wilbur and

Orville Wright dealing with their early flights, especially the flights of December 17, 1903. 

De Wright Flyer van 1903. Avia-Vliegwereld, Dec. 10,

1953, vol. 2, pp. 652—653, +illus. 

Detailed drawing.

Development of the Wright Flyer. Engineering, Dec. 11,

1953, vol. 176, pp. 737—739, +illus. 

An account of the early Wright aeroplane, gliders,

and flights, culminating in their successful powered

flights on December 17, 1903.

The Wright Flyer. Flight, Dec. 11, 1953, vol. 64, pp.

787—788, +illus. 

Includes three-view drawing and data on the Wright

1903 aeroplane based on information available from

the staff of the Science Museum and the De Havilland

Technical School which constructed the reproduction

of the Wright machine on display in the Museum.

50 Jahre Motorflug; Ein R ckblick zur 50-Jahr-Feier

des. Motorfluges der Gebr der Wright am 17. Dez.

1903. Technica: illustrierte technische Rundschau, vol.

2, no. 26, 1953, pp. 1—3.

Burgunder, Hans. Das Wunder von Kitty Hawk.

Technische Rundschau, Dec. 18, 1953, vol. 45, pp. 1—2,

+illus.

Meacock, F. T. Twelve Significant Seconds. Aeroplane,

Dec. 18, 1953, vol. 85, pp. 817—819, +illus. 

Brief account of early work of the Wright brothers

which culminated in their successful flight of twelve

seconds duration on December 17, 1903. 

Slater, A. E. Gliding Notes. Aeroplane, Dec. 18, 1953,

vol. 85, p. 852, +illus. 

Review of early Wright gliding flights and gliders,

1900-1902.

British Celebration of the Wright Jubilee. Engineering,

Dec. 25, 1953, vol. 176, p. 823.

Brief report on British exhibitions, lectures, and

celebrations arranged to commemorate the fiftieth

anniversary of the Wrights first powered flights,

December 17, 1903. 

Wright Brothers Jubilee Exhibition at the Science

Museum. Illustrated London News, Dec. 26, 1953, vol.

223, p. 1061.

Tinsley, Frank. He Saw the Wrights Fly. Air Progress,

1953-1954, pp. 39—41.

Brown, Aycock. The Birth of Aviation, Kitty Hawk, N.C.

Winston-Salem, N.C.: The Collins Company, 1953, [64

pp.], +illus. 

Deals especially with the glider and aeroplane

experiments and flights conducted at Kitty Hawk and

Kill Devil Hill by Wilbur and Orville Wright in 1900,

1901, 1902, 1903, 1908, and 1911. 

Meynell, Laurence. Guess I ll Take You Up. In his Rolls:

Man of Speed; a Life of Charles Stewart Rolls and Some

Account of the Early Days of Motoring and Flying.

London: The Bodley Head, 1953, pp. 125—138.

An account of Rolls flight with Wilbur at Le Mans,

France, October 8, 1908. Rolls, piloting a French-built

Wright aeroplane, was killed in a crash at the

Bournemouth Air Meet, in England, July 12, 1910, the

first English pilot to die in an aircraft accident.

A New Dimension for Travel the Wrights. In Fifty

Years of Aviation; Background Information on Aviations

First Fifty Years. Washington, D.C.: National

Committee to Observe the 50th Anniversary of Powered

Flight, [1953], pp. 5—9.

Thomas, H. A. The Wright Biplane. Air Trails Model

Annual, 1953, pp. 30—31, 80.

64 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
Scale plans for building the original Wright 1903

aeroplane.

Throm, Edward L., and Crenshaw, James S. Popular

Mechanices Aviation Album. Chicago: Popular

Mechanics Company, 1953, 192 pp., +illus. 

Popular pictorial history including three chapters

on the Wrights, A Short Run and a Jump, 12

Seconds over Kitty Hawk, and Yankee Ingenuity

Wins Again, pp. 37—56.

There Were Celebrations Galore. U.S. Air Services, Jan.

1954, vol. 39, p. 18.

A list of the Wright brothers fiftieth anniversary

celebrations.

Flight s Biggest Birthday Party. Air Force, Feb. 1954,

vol. 37, pp. 18—19, 42, +illus. 

Summary of the special events and ceremonies held

at Kitty Hawk, N.C., December 17, 1953, commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the Wright brothers

first successful flights.

Turns Liberty s Head. Wright s Epoch Making Flight

Accomplished. Bronze Goddess Receives Queerest

Visitor in Her History. U.S. Air Services, Nov. 1954, vol.

39, pp. 16—17.

An account of Wilbur Wright s flight from

Governors Island to the Statue of Liberty and return

on September 29, 1909, as reported in the New York

Tribune on September 30, 1909. 

Powell, William S. First Flight. American Heritage,

Winter 1954, vol. 5, pp. 40—43, 57, +illus. 

A fiftieth anniversary article on the Wright brothers

and their first flights at Kitty Hawk, N.C., December

17, 1903, by the news editor of American Heritage. 

Golden Anniversary Observance of Man s First

Successful Powered Flight. Proceedings at the

Exercises Held at Wright Brothers National Memorial,

December 14-17, 1953, in Commemoration of the

Fiftieth Anniversary of the First Flight of an Airplane

Made by Wilbur and Orville Wright. Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1954, 27 pp. (83d Cong.,

2d Sess. House. Document no. 480). 

Includes the texts of the addresses presented, list

of dignitaries in attendance, list of sponsors of the

celebration, list of sponsors of the reconstruction of

the Wright brothers buildings at Kill Devil Hill, and

the programmed events of the four special days

which were Pioneer & Private Flyers Day,

Industry Day, Defense Day, and Anniversary

Day. 

Wright Day Celebrations Mark Flight Anniversary. Air

Force Times, Dec. 24, 1955, vol. 16, p. 4.

1956—1965

Drinkwater, Alpheus W. I Knew Those Wright Brothers

Were Crazy. Reader s Digest, Nov. 1956, vol. 69, pp.

188—189, 192, 194.

Account of the Wrights 1903 and 1908 flights at

Kitty Hawk by the Weather Bureau telegraph operator

at Manteo, N.C.

McKnew, Thomas W. Fledgling Wings of the Air Force.

National Geographic, Aug. 1957, vol. 112, pp. 266—271,

+illus. 

An eyewitness account of the Wrights 1908 and

1909 Fort Myer flights by the Vice-President and

Secretary, National Geographic Society.

North Carolina, Ohio, D.C. Mark 54th Anniversary of

Wright Flight. Air Force Times, Dec. 28, 1957, vol. 18,

p. 13.

Bruccoli, Matthew J. Flight to Eternity. Flying, Jan.

1958, vol. 62, pp. 43, 76, 78.

An account of Orville Wright s first trial flight at

Kitty Hawk, N.C., on December 17, 1903. 

AFA Takes Part at Kitty Hawk. Air Force, Feb. 1958,

vol. 41, p. 37.

Account of the fifty-fourth anniversary tribute to

the Wright brothers participated in by the Air Force

Association, Kill Devil Hills Memorial Association,

National Park Service, and the U.S. Air Force. 

Delgove, Henri. A Fiftieth Anniversary. Aeroplane, Aug.

8, 1958, vol. 95, p. 190, +illus. 

Anniversary account of Wilbur s stay at Les

Hunaudi res, France, in 1908 and his flight of August

8, 1908, with photograph of stone memorial marking

the site of the flight.

Fifty Years Ago the Journal Covered the First Military

Aviation Tests. Army—Navy—Air Force Journal, Aug. 30,

1958, vol. 95, pp. 1, 23, +illus. 

Excerpts dealing with Orville Wright s Fort Myer

flights in 1908, originally published in the Army—Navy

Journal, Aug. 22, Sept. 5, 12, 19, 26, 1908. 

Ingells, Douglas J. The Fort Myer Incident. Saturday

Evening Post, Sept. 13, 1958, vol. 231, pp. 48—49,

82—83, 86.

A Bibliography 65

Aeroplanes and Flights
Deals with Orville s September 1908 flights for the

U.S. Signals Corps and the fatal crash of September

17 in which he was injured and his passenger, Lieut.

Thomas E. Selfridge, killed. 

First United States Military Aircraft Accident, 17

September 1908, Mr. Orville Wright and Lt. Thomas E.

Selfridge. Norton Air Force Base, California: Deputy the

Inspector General, USAF, [1958?], 10 pp. and appendices.

Copy of the official accident report prepared in

1908.

Kennedy, George. The Rambler Reports on Early

Flights. Congressional Record, July 30, 1959, vol. 105,

p. 14734.

Originally published in the Washington Star, July

30, 1959, and introduced into the record by Sen. A. S.

Mike Monroney on the occasion of the fiftieth

anniversary of Orville Wright s successful aeroplane

demonstration at Fort Myer, July 30, 1909. 

Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. How Wilbur Wright Taught

Europe to Fly. American Heritage, Feb. 1960, vol. 11,

pp. 60—63, 107.

Emphasizes the role of Wilbur s 1908 flights near

Le Mans, France, in stimulating flying in Europe.

Illustrated by unique photographs from an album dedicated by Wilbur to Elizabeth Boll e, daughter of

L on Boll e, French automobile manufacturer and

friend of Wilbur.

Aviation Log Wright Hydroaeroplane Navy No. B-1 (AII4). 15 July 1911 to 5 June 1913. [Washington, D.C.:

Bureau of Naval Weapons, Navy Deptartment, 1960].

Looseleaf.

Prepared for internal Navy distribution from original copy in the Capt. W. Irving Chambers Papers in

the Navy Historical Foundation records deposited in

the Library of Congress.

Aviation Log Wright Hydroaeroplane Navy No. B-2 (AII5). 27 October 1912. [Washington, D.C.: Bureau of

Naval Weapons, Navy Deptartment, 1960]. Looseleaf.

Prepared for internal Navy distribution from original copy in the Captain W. Irving Chambers Papers in

the Navy Historical Foundation records deposited in

the Library of Congress.

Brown Aycock. Birthplace of Aviation; Aviation History

Began at North Carolina s Outer Banks. National

Aeronautics, Dec. 1961, vol. 40, pp. 4—7, +illus.

Moore, Alvin E. Dawn of Flight. In Sunderman, James F.,

ed., Early Air Pioneers,1862-1935. New York: Franklin

Watts, 1961, pp. 22—36. (The Watts Aerospace Library).

Garber, Paul E. Historian Seeks Data on Wright Planes.

Wright Aircraft Listed. Chirp, Oct. 1962, no. 69, pp.

12—13.

Lists 31 aircraft associated with the Wright brothers, 1899-1920. Scale models of most are in the

National Air and Space Museum.

Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. Wright Brothers and Their

Invention of the Practical Aeroplane, Royal Institution

of Great Britain Proceedings, 1963, pp. 549—569, +illus. 

A technical account of the Wright brothers experiments with gliders and powered aircraft in America

and France. Includes the Wright Nos. 1, 2, and 3 gliders, powered Flyer I, Flyer II, and Flyer III. 

Air Leaders Boost 60th Anniversary. National

Aeronautics, Oct./Dec. 1963, vol. 42, p. 9.

Lists scheduled events for the sixtieth observance

of Wright brothers Kitty Hawk flights.

Soule, Gardner. How the Wright Brothers Learned to

Fly. With Quotations from the Papers of Wilbur and

Orville Wright. Popular Science, Dec. 1963, vol. 183,

pp. 51—57.

Stewart, Oliver. Did the Wright Brothers Fly First?

Spectator, Dec. 20, 1963, vol. 213, p. 816.

Discusses the claims of the Wrights and Clement

Ader of being the first to fly. The author concludes

that both flew and that Ader s aircraft probably

lacked controllability; the Wrights aircraft probably

lacked power for weight. 

Kitty Hawk Mission Accomplished. National

Aeronautics, Mar. 1964, vol. 43, p. 8.

R sum of 1963 Wright anniversary events including the dedication of the First Flight Airport at Kill

Devil Hill, N. C. 

Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. The World s First Aeroplane

Flights (1903-1908) and Earlier Attempts to Fly.

London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1965, 32 pp.,

+illus.

Section titled The First Successful Flights discusses and illustrates early Wright flights, pp. 10—12,

20. Chronological Table of Powered Take-offs and

Flights (1903-1908) lists 16 Wright flights made in

1903, 1904, 1905, and 1908. Section titled Aviation

Date List (1799 to 1908), pp. 30—32, lists 15 events

associated with Wright brothers.

66 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
1966—1975

Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. A Directory of and

Nomenclature of the First Aeroplanes, 1809-1909.

London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1966, 120 pp.

Wright aeroplanes and engines are discussed and

listed, pp. 79—85, 98. Section titled Surviving

Aircraft, pp. 101—102, lists four Wright aircraft; section titled Surviving Engines, pp. 102—103, lists six

Wright engines; and section titled The First

Aerodromes, pp. 107—110, discusses Huffman

Prairie and Kitty Hawk, and the Kill Devil Hills.

Haggerty, James J. The U.S. Air Force; A Pictorial

History in Art. New York and Washington, D.C.: Books,

Inc., 1966, 261 pp. +illus. 

Comprises reproductions from the Air Force Art

Collection. Included, pp. 2—7, are The Wright

Brothers First Powered Flight, by Harvey Kidder;

Lieutenant Lahm s First Flight [with Orville

Wright], by Richard Green; and The Wright

Brothers at Fort Myer, by John McCoy.

Meyer, Jerome S. Let s Build a Glider with One of Those

Gas Engines in it, Great Accidents in Science that

Changed the World. New York: Arco Publishing Co.,

1967, pp. 64—71, +illus. 

Accounts of the discoveries of nine scientists

whose attention to trivial or accidental things led to

great advances, including the Wright brothers.

Includes illustration of the Wright s first patent granted on a practical airplane.

Brennan, Dennis. Adventures in Courage: The

Skymasters. Chicago: Reilly & Lee, 1968, 159 pp., +illus. 

Exploits of famous, including the Wright brothers,

and some forgotten aviation pioneers. Append. pp.

155—159. 

Loening, Grover. Takeoff into Greatness: How American

Aviation Grew so Big so Fast. New York: G. P. Putnam s

Sons, 1968, 256 pp., +illus.

The author, who was Orville Wright s assistant for

a period of time, describes the men and major events

that comprised the rise of the aircraft industry in

America. In his discussion, he includes the Wright

brothers, the Wright Company, the Wright

Aeronautical Company, and Wright—Martin Aircraft.

Andrews, Robert Hardy. Flying Fools Who Started It

All. Mankind, Apr. 1969, pp. 22—31, +illus.

Popular overview of the early history of flight, from

the 1600s to the Wright brothers to John Glenn s

orbital spaceflight.

Dwiggins, Don. Adventures in Flight Famous Flyers

and the Ships They Flew. New York: Grosset & Dunlap,

Inc., 1969, 149 pp. 

Begins with a discussion of the Wright brothers

achievement, then describes the development of

numerous aircraft, their pilots and the records they set.

Includes many photographs as well as a list of books

for further reading.

Hildreth, Charles H., and Nalty, Bernard C. 1001

Questions Answered about Aviation History. New York :

Dodd, Mead & Co., 1969, 419 pp., +illus. 

Includes numerous popular questions about the

Wright brothers. 

Bibliography pp. 385—386. 

King, Horace Frederick. Edited by John W. R. Taylor.

Jane s 100 Significant Aircraft, 1909-1969. London:

Jane s Yearbooks, 1969, 157 pp. 

Detailed description of the Wright Flyer, including

photographs and drawings, pp. 8—9. 

Two other editions under varying titles are also

available: Milestones of the Air: Jane s 100

Significant Aircraft, New York: McGraw—Hill, 1969;

and Kitty Hawk to Concorde: Jane s 100 Significant

Aircraft, London: Jane s Yearbooks, 1969.

Wallhauser, Henry T. Illustrations by Jack Woodson.

Pioneers of Flight. Maplewood, New Jersey: Hammond

Incorporated, 1969, 93 pp., +illus. 

Important personalities and events in the history

of flight from the Wright brothers in 1903 to the

supersonic transport in 1969, for secondary school

level. Illustrated by drawings and photographs.

Includes an index.

Harris, Sherwood. First to Fly American Heritage,

June 1970, pp. 60—69, +illus. 

Describes the Wright brothers flights at Kitty

Hawk in 1903 and their invention of a control system

still used on airplanes today.

Schirra, Walter M., Jr. Excerpts from Sherwood Harris

The First to Fly: Aviation s Pioneer Days. Raw

December Day at Kitty Hawk, Smithsonian, June 1970,

pp. 28—31, +illus. 

Introductory commentary by Capt. Schirra on the

Wrights achievement. Features portions from original

letters and narratives by Orville and Wilbur Wright

about their first flights in 1903.

Burchard, Peter. Pioneers of Flight; From Early Times to

the Wright Brothers. New York: St. Martin s Press, 1970,

48 pp., +illus.

Traces the history of man s attempts to fly from

A Bibliography 67

Aeroplanes and Flights
early experiments in the fifteenth century to the successful achievements of the Wright brothers in the

twentieth century.

[On title page: By the Editors of Flying magazine.]

America s Flying Book. New York: Charles Scribner s

Sons, 1972, 365 pp., +illus.

Popular but comprehensive guide to private flying.

Contains a chapter, Humble Beginnings, on the

Wright brothers and other early pioneers of flight.

Includes numerous photographs, line drawings, and

an index. 

Bibliography, pp. 345—355.

Alberto, Giovanni. [History of Aviation] Storia dell aviazione, Torino: Societa Editrice Internazionale, 1973,

203 pp., +illus. (pertinent pp. 7—18).

Brief accounts of historic flights in the development of aviation with a short chapter devoted to each.

The first chapter is on the first flight of the Wright

brothers.

In Italian. 

Icart, Antoine. Illustrations by Jacques Poirier.

[Conquerors of the Sky and Space] Les Conquerants du

ciel et de l espace. Paris: Hachette, 1973, 156 pp. 

Brief biographical notes of selected pioneers of

flight and accounts of their historic flights, with a

chapter devoted to each, for older children. One chapter is devoted to the Wright brothers. Includes numerous photographs and drawings.

In French.

Davidson, Jesse. Famous Firsts in Aviation. New York:

G. P. Putnam s Sons, 1974, 71 pp. [pertinent pp. 14—15,

18—19]. 

Offers a brief illustrated history of aviation, including the Wright brothers first flight, and the U.S. Army

formally accepting the Wright machine as Aeroplane

No.1, Heavier-than-air Division in 1909. 

Gibbs-Smith, Charles Harvard. Rebirth of European

Aviation 1902-1908: A Study of the Wright Brothers

Influence. Publication of the Science Museum, London:

H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1974, 387 pp., +illus. 

Comprehensive and detailed narrative, frequently

technical, history of the influence of the Wright brothers on the development of aviation in Europe, particularly in France. Begins with their successful test

flights of their No. 3 glider in 1902 at Kitty Hawk.

Includes list of newspapers and periodicals cited.

Lane, Peter. Flight Past-into-Present. London: B. T.

Batsford Ltd., 1974, 96 pp., +illus. 

History of aeronautics and flight, from the first balloonists to the space age, including the Wright brothers. 

Bibliography pp. 93—94. 

Nalty, Bernard C., and Strobridge, Truman R. U.S. Coast

Guard, Midwife at the Birth of the Airplane. Aerospace

Historian, Fall/Sep. 1975, pp. 139—142.

An account of the role played by the U.S. Life

Saving Station at Kill Devil Hill, N.C., in the work of

the Wright brothers. The staff of the Station provided

assistance by going to the market for food, delivering

mail, hauling lumber, and by helping launch and

retrieve the aircraft. Five of them assisted in launching the first flight, Dec. 17, 1903, and one of them

U.S. Coast Guardman J. T. Daniels took the only

photograph of the momentous event.

Johnson, Spencer. Illustrated by S. Pileggi. [Value Tales

No. 3] Value Tale of the Wright Brothers: The Value of

Patience. La Jolla, California: Value Communications,

Inc., 1975, +illus. 

Describes the patient efforts of the Wright brothers

to build a flying machine.

Berliner, Don. College Park Airport. Aviation Quarterly,

First Quarter 1976, pp. 24—37, +illus. 

Brief history of the College Park Airport,

Maryland, the first American military airfield, and

now the oldest continuously active airport in the

world, inaugurated with the first takeoff and landing

by Wilbur Wright in his own Military Flyer on Oct. 8,

1909. Includes early photographs of various airplanes

and the airport.

Crouch, Tom D. History of American Aviation 1822-

1905. Part 4. Aviation Quarterly, Fourth Quarter 1976,

pp. 356—377, +illus. 

This is the fourth of a four-part series, providing

detailed information on the history of American aviation from 1822 to 1905. It covers the Wright brothers

from their first visit to Kitty Hawk in 1900 to the completion of their test flights at Huffman Prairie near

Dayton, Ohio, in 1905. Includes original photographs,

and a technical drawing by William E. Rigsby of the

1903 Wright Flyer.

Arena, Nino. [From the Wrights to the Advent of the Jet:

50 Years of Commercial Aviation in the World] Dai

Wright all avvento del Jet: 50 Anni di Aviazione

Commerciale nel Mondo. Rome: Edizioni Bizzarri,

1976, 207 pp., +illus. 

Detailed descriptions and photographs of historic

aircraft in the development of commercial aviation

worldwide, with a few brief references in the first

chapter, to the Wright Flyers.

In Italian. 

68 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
1976—1985

Andrews, Allen. Back to the Drawing Board: The

Evolution of Flying Machines. London: David &

Charles, 1977, 168 pp., +illus. 

Popular history of flight from the myths of ancient

times to the Concorde. Contains scattered references

to the Wright brothers and notes the difference in

approach between the Wright brothers emphasis on

control in flight and their British and French contemporaries emphasis on stability. Illustrated by numerous photographs and drawings. Includes an index.

Hallion, Richard P. Legacy of Flight: The Guggenheim

Contribution to American Aviation. Seattle: University

of Washington Press, 1977, 292 pp. 

The author presents the role and impact of the private foundation begun by Daniel Guggenheim on the

development of aviation. He created a fund for the

promotion of aeronautics, appointing Orville Wright

as one of the Guggenheim fund trustees. In 1929,

Orville Wright was presented with the first Daniel

Guggenheim Medal.

Bibliography pp. 266—278. Includes index. 

Crouch, Tom D. Illustrations by Robert Osborn.

December: Diamond Anniversary of Man s Propulsion

Skyward. Smithsonian, Dec. 1978, pp. 36—46, +illus. 

Describes the trials and failure of aviation pioneer

Samuel Pierpont Langley, Secretary of the

Smithsonian Institution, and his pilot Charles Manly.

The author also presents the stage of work the Wright

brothers attained at this point, reporting on their intuitive genius, their efforts with a wind tunnel and wing

warping, numerous tests, and their ultimate achievement of the first successful powered flight. This firstflight claim by the Wright brothers was contested by

the Smithsonian Institution and remained unresolved

until 1942.

Ault, Phillip H. Sticks and Canvass By the Seat of

Their Pants: The Story of Early Aviation. New York:

Dodd, Mead and Company, 1978, pp. 25—51, +illus. 

History of early aviation, including the Wright

brothers. 

Bibliography pp. 209—210.

Costelle, Daniel, and Marrand, Michel. [History of aviation] Histoire de l aviation. Paris: Librairie Larousse,

1978, 224 pp., +illus. (pertinent pp. 24—27)

Pictorial history of the significant personalities,

events, and aircraft in the development of aviation,

based on a French television production by PatheT.F.1 (Television Francaise 1). The Wright brothers

appear in one section, which deals with the first flight

of their Flyer in Dec. 1903; the American actor,

Haywood Harrel, portrays Orville. 

In French. 

Combs, Harry, and Caidin, Martin. Air Age Was Now.

American Heritage, Dec. 1979, pp. 45—60, +illus. 

The article describes the many failures and the final

triumph of the Wright brothers at Kitty Hawk, N. C.,

1902-1903.

Gollin, Alfred. Wright Brothers and the British

Authorities, 1902-1909, English Historical Review,

Apr. 1980, vol. 95.

Based on the Wright brothers papers in the Library

of Congress and War Office papers in the Public

Record Office. Numerous footnotes passim. 

This article takes issue with Percy B. Walker who

maintained, in his work on the history of British aviation, that the Wright brothers and not the British

authorities were responsible for the failure of the

negotiations to sell their flyer to the British government. He accused Wilbur of muddled thinking for

asserting in the letter that the British government was

given the first chance to purchase the invention when

the U.S. government had already been approached.

Furthermore, the Wrights did approach the War Office

between 1906 and 1908, contrary to an inaccurate

assertion by Walker.

Long, G. Allison. Huffman Prairie, American Aviation

Historical Society Journal, Summer 1980, pp. 107—111,

+illus. 

Description and history of the 153-acre field used

by the Wright brothers for their hangar and test flights

between 1903 and 1911. Huffman Prairie is now part

of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.

Fisk, Fred C. Wright Brothers Bicycles. Wheelmen,

Nov. 1980, no. 17, pp. 2—13, +illus. 

A nicely detailed discussion of the Wright brothers

bicycle business, including numerous photographs.

The author argues that the knowledge and insights the

brothers gained from their bicycle business was essential to their success in inventing the airplane.

Moolman, Valerie. Road to Kitty Hawk. Alexandria,

Virginia: Time—Life Books, 1980, 176 pp., +illus. 

History of flight from the earliest times to the flight

of the Wright brothers at Kitty Hawk, Dec. 17, 1903,

with a brief account of subsequent flights by the

Wright brothers through 1905. Includes numerous

photographs and illustrations, a chronology of major

dates in the history of flight, and an extensive index.

Bibliography of about 100 entries.

A Bibliography 69

Aeroplanes and Flights
Hayman, LeRoy. Aces, Heroes and Daredevils of the

Air. New York: Julian Messner, 1981, 189 pp., +illus. 

Brief biographies of selected personalities and

accounts of historical events in aviation from the first

flight of the Wright brothers to the end of World War

II. For older children; includes photographs and an

index.

Zisfein, Melvin B. Illustrated by Robert Andrew Parker.

Flight: A Panorama of Aviation. New York: Pantheon

Books, 1981, 119 pp., +illus. 

An illustrated history of flight, from myths and legends, to early aviation and the Wright brothers, to

modern supersonic transports. Bibliography p. 114.

Smith, Richard K. Not a Success But a Triumph: 80

Years since Kitty Hawk, U.S. Naval War College

Review, Nov.-Dec. 1983, vol. 36, pp. 4—20.

The author begins with the Wrights flight demonstrations in France and the unique relationship

between France and the Wright Brothers, then presents a history of their efforts and experiences which

led to their first successful flight.

Includes an artist s version of a reconstructed

model of the Wright Wind Tunnel. 

Hallion, Richard. Epic of Flight Designers and Test

Pilots. Alexandria, Virginia: Time—Life Books Inc.,

1983, 176 pp., +illus. 

Popular but technically detailed history of airplane

design and flight testing. Contains scattered references to the Wright brothers, pointing out some of

their outstanding accomplishments and how others

improved on their designs. Includes numerous photographs and cutaway drawings of aircraft and engines,

and an index. 

Nolan, Patrick B. Wright Brothers Collection. Aerospace

Historian, Winter/Dec. 1984, pp. 272—276, +illus. 

Describes the Wright Brothers Collection housed in

the Department of Archives and Special Collections

of Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio. The collection numbers more than 6,000 items and includes the

technical books, journals, and pamphlets of the

research library of the Wrights; extensive files of their

business, financial, and legal records; the manuscript

diaries of their father covering the years 1857 to 1917;

and 1,500 original prints of their aviation experiments

and demonstrations.

Bilstein, Roger E. Flight in America 1900-1983: From

the Wrights to the Astronauts. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins

University Press, 1984, 356 pp., +illus. 

Detailed history of flight in the United States from

1900-1983 with emphasis on the social, economic,

and political aspects. The first chapter on early flight

to 1918 is devoted to the Wright brothers. Includes

photographs and an index. Chapter notes pp. 331—350. 

Geibert, Ron, and Malishenko, Tucker, editor. Early

Flight: 1900-1911. Original Photographs from the

Wright Brothers Personal Collection. Dayton, Ohio:

Landfall Press, Inc., 1984, 95 pp., +illus. 

This book augments an exhibition opened at the

U.S. Air Force Museum, Wright-Patterson Air Force

Base, Dayton, Ohio, in May 1984. Contains 56 photographic plates selected from the Wright brothers personal collection, housed at the Wright State University

in Dayton, and taken by them, or of them, by others.

The editors argue that this exhibition not only demonstrates the achievements of the Wright brothers in aviation but in photography as well. Includes introductory texts by Patrick B. Nolan, Archivist at Wright State

University, Ohio, and Ron Geibert. Also includes

numerous excerpts from Wilbur and Orville s letters,

diary entries, and other materials.

Gollin, Alfred. No Longer an Island: Britain and the

Wright Brothers, 1902-1909. Stanford, California:

Stanford University Press, 1984, 478 pp. 

Detailed history of the impact of the Wright brothers on British thought concerning the vulnerability of

Great Britain to future air attack, controversies

between proponents of naval and air power, and the

impetus for the beginnings of a domestic aircraft

industry in Great Britain in the years 1902-1909.

Includes excerpts from letters and original documents,

and an extensive index. 

Crouch, Tom D. Marvin W. McFarland, 1919-1985.

Aerospace Historian, Summer/June 1985, p. 144.

Obituary of Marvin W. McFarland, editor of the

Papers of Wilbur and Orville Wright, selected from

the Wright collection bequeathed to the Library of

Congress by the Orville Wright estate, published in 2

volumes in 1953, with explanatory notes, appendices

of technical data, bibliographic aides, and graphic

materials, considered one of the major primary

sources for the Wright brothers, and a model for the

editing of collections of technical and historical documents.

Crouch, Tom D. Machine of Practical Utility: The 1905

Wright Flyer. Timeline, Aug./Sep. 1985, pp. 24—37,

+illus. 

Also included: The 1905 Wright Flyer Preserved

and Restored. 

A detailed telling of the Wrights technical

improvements, tests, and eventual successful flights

of the 1905 airplane. The world s first practical air70 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
plane, it was the world s first passenger plane, carrying Charles Furnas on April 6, 1908. The author

describes the Wright brothers entrance into the world

of business with the signing of their first contract with

the U.S. Signal Corps. Includes illustration of the

1905 airplane, with specifications. 

Christy, Joe. First to fly Blue Ridge. In his High

Adventure: The First 75 Years of Civil Aviation. Summit,

Pennsylvania: Tab Books, Inc., 1985.

Describes the significant events and circumstances

that influenced the course of the development of nonmilitary aviation in the United States, beginning in the

first chapter with the Wright brothers and the controversy with Glenn Curtiss.

Roland, Alex. Model Research: The National Advisory

Committee for Aeronautics 1915-1958. Washington,

D.C.: NASA SP-4103, 1985, 769 pp. (2 vols.), +illus. 

Comprehensive and detailed history of the National

Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), established in 1915 and replaced by NASA in 1958.

Though often critical of some of its particular policies,

the author describes NACA as a model research

organization. Bibliographic essay pp. 305—320, chapter notes pp. 321—391. Includes an index. 

1986—1995

Crouch, Tom D. How the Bicycle Took Wing. American

Heritage of Invention & Technology, Summer 1986, pp.

10—16, +illus. 

Popular journal article discussing the influence of

the bicycle on the development of the airplane both

for the analogy of bicycling and flying in the public

mind, and for the technical problems that had to be

solved particularly the problem of control and balance in all three axes of motion and the need for

weight reduction. The author argues that the Wright

brothers experience with the bicycle was an important factor, but it was their genius that was the decisive

factor in their invention of the airplane.

Harris, Patrick. Exhibition Era of Early Aviation in

Oregon, 1910-1915. Oregon Historical Quarterly, Fall

1986, vol. 87.

Based on Oregon newspaper articles. Includes

photos and 98 bibliographic notes. Describes demonstrations by the Glenn Curtiss and Wright brothers

troupes; such events helped spark aviation fever in

the Oregon press, public, and budding designers and

flyers.

Carson, Annette. Foreword by George C. Larson. Flight

Fantastic: The Illustrated History of Aerobatics.

Sparkford, England: Haynes Publishing Group, 1986,

320 pp. 

A well-researched, detailed study of aerobatics,

including the role of the Wright brothers, with numerous photographs, sketches, as well as diagrams of

maneuvers.

References on pp. 319—320.

Culver, Edith Dodd. Talespins: A Story of Early Aviation

Days. Santa Fe, New Mexico: Sunstone Press, 1986, 128

pp., +illus. 

Reminiscences by the author, of the pioneers of aviation in the United States, and of her life as the wife

of H. Paul Culver, the first pilot to fly a regularly

scheduled air mail route between Washington, D.C.,

and New York in May 1918. Includes passing references to the Wright brothers and their sister Katharine,

and an approving quote attributed to the people of

Dayton that without Kitty Wright there wouldn t

have been any Kitty Hawk. Includes an index and

some photographs.

Gibbons, Gail. Flying. New York: Holiday House, 1986,

[32 pp.]

Presents a brief history of flight, from balloons to

space shuttles, including the Wright brothers.

Walker, Lois E., and Wickam, Shelby E. From Huffman

Prairie to the Moon: The History of Wright-Patterson

Air Force Base. Washington, D.C.: United States Air

Force Logistics Command, 1986.

Excellent quality photographs, with history and

general information on Huffman Prairie (1914-1916),

various Wright airplanes, Wright School of Aviation,

Dayton-Wright Airplane Company, establishment of

Wilbur Wright Field. 

Includes extensive index.

Christy, Joe. With contributions by Alexander T. Wells.

American Aviation: An Illustrated History. Blue Ridge

Summit, Pennsylvania: Tab Books, Inc., 1987, 394 pp.,

+illus. 

Designed as an aviation history textbook for college level aviation programs. Each chapter begins

with a list of the major objectives to be covered and

ends with a list of review questions. The Wright brothers are discussed in pp. 1—11. Includes numerous photographs and an extensive index; appendix B contains

the answers to the objective questions.

Boyne, Walter J. Smithsonian Book of Flight.

Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Books, 1987, 288 pp.,

+illus. 

Also published by New York: Orion Books.

A Bibliography 71

Aeroplanes and Flights
Popular history of flight up to the present and speculations on the future, illustrated by numerous photographs and paintings. Part I (pp. 28—70), covers the

period from the Wright brothers first flight to the

beginning of the First World War. Includes an index.

Hooven, Frederick J. Longitudinal Dynamics of the

Wright Brothers Early Flyers: a Study in Computer

Simulation of Flight. Wright Flyer: An Engineering

Perspective. Edited by Howard S. Wolko, Washington,

D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, National Air and Space

Museum, 1987, pp. 45—77, +illus. 

Technical description of computerized simulation

of the longitudinal stability of the Wright flyers from

1903 through 1910. Includes a computer program,

mathematical equations, detailed numerical data and

dimensions, and a personal account of the author s

friendship with the Wright brothers, particularly

Orville, from 1910 (when the author was 5 years old)

to 1948.

Villard, Henry Serrano. Contact! The Story of the Early

Birds. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press,

1987, 277 pp. 

From the Wright brothers to the outbreak of World

War I. Includes an index, selected reading list and various appendixes on first airplane flights in different

countries, airplane fatalities and their causes (1908-

1910), and the first 100 certified aviators in major

countries.

Wolko, Howard S. editor. Wright Flyer: An Engineering

Perspective. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution,

National Air and Space Museum, 1987, 106 pp., +illus. 

Consists of the five papers presented at a symposium

commemorating the 80th anniversary of the invention

of the airplane, sponsored by the National Air and

Space Museum, Dec. 16, 1983. The papers, listed separately, discuss the aerodynamic, structural, and power

plant technology of the 1903 Wright airplane.

Wolko, Howard S. Structural Design of the 1903 Wright

Flyer. Wright Flyer: An Engineering Perspective. Edited

by Howard S. Wolko, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian

Institution, National Air and Space Museum, 1987, pp.

97—106, +illus. 

Technical description of the structural design, particularly of the wings, of the 1903 Wright Flyer, to

solve the problems of lift and thrust. Includes mathematical equations.

Bryan, C. D. B. 2nd edition. National Air and Space

Museum. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers,

1988, 498 pp. 

The Wright brothers are featured in the Milestones

of Flight, and included in Early Flight and Flight

Testing ; detailed descriptions of museum exhibits,

with numerous photographs and an index.

Jefferis, David. Illustrated by Michael Roffe and Ron

Jobson. Wings: The Conquest of the Air First Flyers.

London: Franklin Watts, 1988, 32 pp., +illus. 

The history of man s desire to fly and descriptions

of early flights and aircraft, including those of the

Wright brothers. Includes glossary and index. 

Jakab, Peter L. Wright Brothers and the World s First

Airplane: An Investigation of Technical Creativity and

the Inventive Process. New Brunswick: Rutgers State

University of New Jersey, 1989, 371 pp. 

Ph.D. dissertation in the history of science. 

Detailed and extensive study on how the Wright

brothers solved the technical problems of flight,

including the important role of their experience in

building bicycles, and their ability to conceptualize

practical solutions to mechanical problems using

nonverbal graphic mental imagery. The author argues

that the Wright brothers used a strictly engineering

rather than theoretical approach and solved the basic

elements of mechanical flight, particularly the need

to balance stability and control in three axes, solutions basically still used today, in their 1902 glider,

and that even though their solutions were improved

on even in their own lifetime, especially in Europe,

they deserve full credit for being the first to solve the

problem. 

Lengenfelder, Jack W. Introduction by Frank Kingston

Smith. Picture Postcard History of U.S. Aviation.

Binghamton, New York: Almar Press, 1989, 122 pp. 

Annotated bibliography of postcards on aviation.

Includes the Wright brothers original plane and the

Wilbur and Orville Wright Memorial. Descriptive

captions for each view include: publisher, manufacturer, type, postmark (if any), and value based on an

index ranging from very rare to very common.

Boyne, Walter J., Gwynn-Jones, Terry, and Moolman,

Valerie. How Things Work Flight. Alexandria, Virginia:

Time—Life Books, 1990, 144 pp., +illus. 

Popular description of the mechanics of flight of

aircraft, birds, and insects, illustrated by numerous

photographs and drawings. Several examples refer to

how the Wright brothers solved the problems of flight.

Includes an index.

Jakab, Peter L. Foreword by Tom D. Crouch. Visions of

a Flying Machine: The Wright Brothers and the Process

of Invention. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution

Press, 1990, 263 pp. (History of Aviation series).

72 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
A unique work, invaluable to serious scholars and

inspiring to young students. The author presents a

study of the Wright family and their interactions, principles of aeronautics and airplane design, detailed

explanations of how the Wright brothers used their

innate abilities to solve the most technical problems.

Includes illustrations and photographs, bibliographical references, a bibliography, and index. 

Behringer, Wolfgang, and Ott-Koptschalijski,

Constance. [Dream of Flight: Between Myth and

Technology] Der Traum vom Fliegen: Zwischen Mythos

und Technik. Frankfurt am Main: S. Fischer Verlag

GmbH, 1991, 590 pp., +illus.

Contains only a brief account of the first flight of

the Wright brothers (pp. 394—400) and a few other

scattered references, but provides a comprehensive

and detailed history of flight in myth, literature, and

reality from ancient times to the present. End notes pp.

493—512 and refs. pp. 513—561. Includes an extensive

index.

In German. 

Biddle, Wayne. Barons of the Sky. New York: Simon and

Schuster, 1991, 366 pp. 

In this history of the aircraft and aerospace industries especially their military aspects the author

includes brief discussion of the Wright brothers early

experiments and first flight, the Wright Company and

Wright Aeronautical Company, and the Wright—

Martin Aircraft Corporation. 

Includes bibliographical references, a selective bibliography, and an index, pp. 329—366. 

Boyne, Walter J. Leading Edge. New York: Artabras

Publishers, 1991, 232 pp., +illus. 

Updated reprint, originally published by New York:

Stewart, Tabori & Chang, 1986. Popular history of

flight from the first Wright Flyer to the present, with

emphasis on technological innovations. Includes

numerous photographs and an index.

Gildemeister, Jerry. Oil painting illustrations by Tim

Larson. Avian Dreamers. Union, Oregon: Bear Wallow

Publishing Company, 1991, 240 pp., +illus. 

Popular account of the important personalities and

events in the history of flight in the United States,

with a chapter each, including the Wright brothers.

Includes numerous photographs.

Harris, Sherwood. First to Fly: Aviation s Pioneer Days.

Blue Rudge Summit, Pennsylvania: Tab/Aero Books,

1991, 231 pp. 

Reprint of 1970 Simon and Schuster edition. 

A detailed history from the early years to 1915,

including diary notations, letters, photographs of the

Wright brothers, their 1900 and 1902 gliders, and

1903, 1904, and 1905 airplanes. Documents accidents

involving such figures as Beachey, Bl riot, Quimby,

and Selfridge. Bibliography and photo credits pp.

221—224. 

Kelly, Ann Marie. Illustrated by Judy Wong Bedian.

Wright Connection U.S.A., pt. 1 & 2. Flying

Connections: The Dream Comes True. Roslyn, New

York: Berrent Publications, Inc., 1991, pp. 82—93, +illus. 

Describes the Wright brothers dreams of flight and

the efforts to make these dreams a reality.

Ethell, Jeffrey L. Frontiers of Flight. New York: Orion

Books, 1992, 256 pp., +illus. (pertinent pp. 12—31).

A history of aviation, with richly illustrated text,

beginning with the 1903 Wright Flyer and concluding

with the record-breaking 1986 flight of Voyager.

Includes index. 

Spangenburg, Ray, and Moser, Diane K. Connecting a

Continent: The Story of Air Transport in America. In

their It All Began at Kitty Hawk: The Early Days of

Flying in America. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1992.

Includes an overview of the life and work of the

Wright brothers, especially their early attempts and

ideas which eventually led to their first successful

flight.

Patrick, Michael. 90 Years of Flight. Popular

Mechanics, Dec. 1993, pp. 25—32, +illus. 

Firsts in aviation history from the first controlled

powered flight by the Wright brothers in Dec. 1903 to

the beginning of production of the F-22 combat jet in

Dec. 1993, each illustrated by a photograph or painting with a brief explanatory text.

Blackman, Steve. Illustrated by Jeremy Pyke and photography by Martyn Chillmaid. Planes and Flight. New

York: Franklin Watts, 1993, 32 pp., +illus. 

Describes some the different devices, including hot

air balloons, gliders, and airplanes, used to get people

into the air. Includes various projects that children can

do. Cites the example of the Wright brothers first controlled powered flight, p. 28. 

Parramore, Thomas C. Triumph at Kitty Hawk: The

Wright Brothers and Powered Flight. Raleigh: North

Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Division of

Archives and History, 1993, 124 pp., +illus. 

Detailed account of the Wright brothers activities

at Kitty Hawk and of the people they associated with

there, many of whom became lifelong friends, and of

what became of those people. The author argues that

A Bibliography 73

Aeroplanes and Flights
if the Wright brothers had first chosen any place other

than Kitty Hawk, the airplane might well have been

invented by someone else many years later in another

country. Includes original photographs, excerpts from

correspondence and newspaper articles of the time,

and an extensive index. Notes on pages 103—115. 

Robie, William A., Jr. Foreword by Chuck Yeager. For

the Greatest Achievement: A History of the Aero Club of

America and the National Aeronautic Association.

Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993,

378 pp. 

A well-written and well-researched history, which

ranges from the Aero Club s early support of the

Wright Brothers to a chronology of the recipients of

the annual Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy. 

References and bibliographies, pp. 325—368. 

Mansfield, Howard. What Makes It Wright? Air & Space

Smithsonian, June-July 1994, pp. 84—93, +illus. 

Popular journal article on reproductions of the 1910

Wright Model B by two groups. The first group, made

up of now-retired engineers from Wright-Patterson

Air Force Base, Tom Sheetz and Charles Dempsey,

built a redesigned look-alike, as they describe it themselves, which has the same dimensions as the original

but has wings made of steel instead of wood and fabric, uses ailerons instead of wing warping, and is powered by a 205-horse-power Lycoming helicopter

engine. Their reproduction was completed in 1982

and is now based at the Dayton General Airport where

it still provides short flights to the public for entertainment. The other group consisting of Rick Young,

Ken Hyde, Greg Cone, and Andrew King is attempting to build an exact replica which they eventually

hope to fly. The article presents different views on

how close to the original reproduction should be to be

considered a true reproduction.

Baker, David. Flight and Flying: A Chronology. New

York: Facts on File, Inc., 1994, 549 pp., +illus. 

Important dates in the history of flight from 850 B.C.

through 1991, listed chronologically with a paragraph

for each date. Includes numerous photographs, a glossary, and an extensive aircraft name and subject index.

Glines, Carroll V., and Zubkoff, Harry M. Flights:

American Aerospace . . . Beginning to Future.

Montgomery, Alabama: Community Communications,

1994, 214 pp. 

A historic survey of the American aerospace industry, beginning with the Wright brothers achievement

of powered flight. Includes drawings of the Wright

Machine and the Curtiss Machine, showing especially

the control systems used in each airplane.

Sharman, Margaret. 1900s: The First Decade. Austin,

Texas: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1994, 47 pp.

Explores the decade of the 1900s worldwide, a time

which included the Wright brothers first successful

flight at Kitty Hawk, N.C. 

Includes biographical references and index. 

Spick, Mike. Milestones of Manned Flight: The Ages of

Flight from the Wright Brothers to Stealth Technology.

New York: Smithmark Publishers, Inc., 1994, 144 pp.,

+illus. 

Popular history of selected events in the development

of controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flight, from the

first Wright Flyer of 1903 to the stealth fighter of 1992.

Each event has its own chapter of 2-4 pages consisting

of photographs with a few paragraphs of text. The

Wright brothers are included in the first chapter.

[U.S. Air Force Materiel Command]. Against the Wind:

90 Years of Flight Test in the Miami Valley. WrightPatterson Air Force Base, Ohio: 1994, 216 pp., +illus. 

Popular but detailed history of flight testing in the

Miami River Valley near Dayton, Ohio, particularly at

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (named in honor of

the Wright brothers, and Lt. Frank Stuart Patterson

who was killed in a test flight in 1918), from the

Wright brothers first test flights at Huffman Prairie in

1904 to the transfer of the 4950th Test Wing from

Wright-Patterson AFB to the Air Force Flight Test

Center (AFFTC) at Edwards Air Force Base in

California in 1994. Includes a few brief but pertinent

references to the Wright brothers, numerous photographs, a chronology, and an extensive index.

Lopez, Donald S. Aviation: A Smithsonian Guide. New

York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1995, 256 pp.,

+illus.

Popular history of aviation, from a general survey

of ancient times and in more detail, from the Wright

brothers to the present, illustrated by numerous photographs and drawings. Includes an index.

Parker, Steve. Wright Brothers and Aviation. New York:

Chelsea House, 1995, 32 pp., +illus. 

An overview of aviation, from the birth of the

Wright brothers to the 1986 nonstop flight of Voyager

around the world. Includes a world chronology from

1852 to 1940 and a glossary.

Originally published in London: Belitha Press,

1994. Includes index. 

Sobolev, Dmitrii Alekseevich. [History of Aircraft.

Initial Period] Istoriia samoletov. Nachal nyi period.

Moscow: Rossiiskaia politicheskaia entsiklopediia

(ROSSPEN), 1995, 343 pp., +illus.

74 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
A general but comprehensive history of flight

worldwide, from the earliest times to the end of the

First World War. Includes several references to the

Wright brothers, particularly in chapters 6 ( From the

Glider to the Airplane ) and 7 ( The Development of

Airplane Design 1904-1909 ).

In Russian.

1996—2001

Delear, Frank J. First-Flight Controversy. Aviation

History, Mar. 1996, pp. 46—52, 69—70, 72.

The author discusses the controversy concerning

Gustave Whitehead and whether he did indeed

achieve powered flight on August 14, 1901, over two

years before the Wright brothers.

Harrison, James P. Mastering the Sky: A History of

Aviation from Ancient Times to the Present. New York:

Sarpedon, 1996, 338 pp. 

A popular, detailed history; the author devotes a

chapter to the Wrights. 

Includes photographs and illustrations, bibliographical notes, a bibliography, and index.

Stoff, Joshua. Picture History of Early Aviation, 1903-

1913. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1996, 136

pp., +illus.

Popular history of aviation from 1903 through

1913, illustrated by 307 photographs of the significant

personalities and aircraft of the time, each described

by a short paragraph of text. About 90 of the photographs are of the Wright brothers and their airplanes.

Includes an index.

Jakab, Peter L. Otto Lillienthal: The Greatest of the

Precursors. AIAA Journal, Apr. 1997, pp. 601—607,

+illus. 

Technical discussion of the German Otto

Lillieanthal s (1848-1896) aeronautical contributions,

particularly his experiments with gliders, his table of

lift coefficients used by the Wright brothers but

revised by them in their wind tunnel experiments

and, ultimately, his inspiration to the Wright brothers

which they fully acknowledged. Wilbur Wright called

him without question the greatest of the precursors.

Mohler, Stanley R. Human Factors Contributions of the

Wright Brothers. Air Line Pilot, May 1997, pp. 22—24,

+illus. 

Technical article on the automatic stabilizer invented by the Wright brothers and its significance in

decreasing pilot workload. Also included are three

illustrations from their patent for this device, No.

1,075,533. 

Anderson, John D., Jr. Foreword by Von Hardesty.

History of Aerodynamics and Its Impact on Flying

Machines. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,

1997, 478 pp. 

The author devotes chapter 5, pp. 201—243, to the

Wright brothers; additional references to them may be

found throughout the text. This authoritative history

includes numerous photographs, technical drawings,

and mathematical equations.

Yenne, Bill. National Aviation Hall of Fame. Foreword

by Frank Borman. Legends of Flight. Lincolnwood,

Illinois: Publications International, 1997, 216 pp., +illus. 

A chronicle of human flight from hot-air balloons

to the Wright brothers to space shuttles. Includes an

excellent view of the Wright Model A and a list of

National Aviation Hall of Fame recipients.

Crouch, Tom D. Thrill of Invention. Air & Space

Smithsonian, Apr.-May 1998, pp. 22—30, +illus. 

Popular journal article on the construction and test

flights of replicas of the Wright gliders of 1900, 1901,

and 1902, particularly of the successful test flight of

the 1902 replica in 1997, by Rick Young, Jay Gretten,

and Ken Hyde. The 1902 glider solved the problem of

control, was the basis of the Wright brothers patent

for a flying machine, and was the model for the 1903

Wright Flyer, which was in effect the powered version

of the 1902 glider. Includes photographs of the replicas and a 19 by 29-inch detailed foldout drawing, by

Bruce Morser, of the 1902 glider.

Unitt, Pete. Charlie Taylor and the World s First Military

Airplane. American Aviation Historical Society Journal,

Fall 1998, pp. 228—235.

Unitt sketches the biography of Charles Edward

Taylor (1868-1956), who contributed to the Wright

brothers aeronautical efforts during the 1900s. In

addition to serving as an engineering consultant of

sorts to the Wright brothers, Taylor also built the first

engines for the Wright Flyer. Includes assembly drawing of 1903 Wright engine. 

Armentrout, Patricia. Miracle of Flight: Extreme

Machines in the Air. Vero Beach, Florida: Rourke Press,

Inc., 1998, 5 pp.

Briefly describes the Wright brothers flying

machine.

Van der Linden, F. Robert, editor. Aircraft of the National

Air and Space Museum, 5th edition. Washington, D.C.:

Smithsonian Institution Press, 1998, +illus. 

A Bibliography 75

Aeroplanes and Flights
In this expanded catalog of the National

Aeronautics Collection, the editor compiled a selection of brief aircraft histories with photographs and

many schematics including the Wright 1909

Military Flyer and the Wright 1903 Flyer. Includes

appendices. 

NASA Tests Replica of Historic 1903 Wright Flyer.

AIAA Student Journal, Summer 1999, pp. 8, +illus. 

Brief description of wind tunnel tests by NASA, on

a full-scale replica of the 1903 Wright Flyer. The test

data will be used by AIAA (American Institute of

Aeronautics and Astronautics) volunteers to build a

second Wright Flyer to be flown on Dec. 17, 2003,

commemorating the 100th anniversary of the first

flight in 1903.

Crouch, Tom D. Kill Devil Hill, 17 December 1903.

Technology and Culture, July 1999, pp. 594—598. 

The Wright brothers first successful aircraft used

nineteenth-century technologies; these included several key elements of bicycle technology, such as the

use of bicycle chains for the pulley system and wheel

hubs for mounting. Orville and Wilbur s technological

skills as photographers were also useful for recording

the first flight.

[Aeronautical Systems Center]. Wright-Patterson AFB,

Ohio Birthplace, Home and Future of Aerospace: The

Evolution of Aeronautical Development at the

Aeronautical Systems Center. Wright-Patterson AFB:

ASC History Office, 1999, 84 pp., +illus. 

The report presents a history of the Aeronautical

Systems Center, from the Wright brothers to the postcold war period. Includes photographs of the Wright

Cycle Shop, Wright Company Machine Shop, and the

General Assembly Department of the Wright

Company in Dayton.

Millbrooke, Anne Marie. Aviation History. Englewood,

Colorado: Jeppesen Sanderson, Inc., Jeppesen

Sanderson Training Products, 1999, var. pp., +illus. (pertinent pp. 2/1—2/36).

In textbook format, a popular but detailed history of

aviation from the invention of the hot air balloon in

1783 to the present. One chapter is devoted to the

Wright brothers, their patents, and their flyers.

Includes study questions, a bibliography, and a timeline for each chapter, numerous photographs and

drawings, and an extensive index. The first Wright

patent for a flying machine, basically a description of

their 1902 biplane glider applied for and rejected in

1903 but then finally awarded in 1906, is reproduced

in full in an appendix. 

Taylor, Bob. Charles E. Taylor: The Man Aviation

History Almost Forgot. Air Line Pilot, Apr. 2000, pp.

18—21.

Adapted and reprinted from Aviation News,

November/December 1999. 

The author relates the story of Charlie Taylor, the

Wright brothers mechanic, who played an important

role in aviation history, but was forgotten until many

years later. 

Ruane, Michael E. Birth of Flight, Reborn: No Detail

Too Small for Pilot s Tribute at Wright Centennial.

Washington Post, Sep. 12, 2000, pp. A1, A6, A7.

Newspaper article about a project by a 61-year-old

retired airline pilot, Ken Hyde, to build an exact reproduction of the 1903 Wright Flyer and fly it on Dec. 17,

2003, at Kitty Hawk for the Wright Centennial commemorating the 100th anniversary of the first flight.

Thompson, Bob. Museum of the American Century.

Washington Post Magazine, Sep. 17, 2000, pp. 8—16,

25—28, +illus. 

Popular account of how the exhibits at the

Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in

Washington, D.C., beginning with the original Wright

Flyer, demonstrate the significance of major technological developments in the modern history of the

United States and the world.

Ruane, Michael E. Short Hop: The Wright Brothers

Flyer Briefly Returns to Earth for a Trip to Safer

Airspace. Washington Post, Nov. 3, 2000 pp. B1, B8,

+illus. 

Newspaper account of the temporary transfer of the

Wright Flyer in the National Air and Space Museum,

from its permanent place in the Milestones of Flight

gallery to another gallery while skylights are being

repaired for leaks. The article describes the sense of

awe and reverence the museum workers and museum

visitors feel toward the first Wright Flyer.

Anderson, John D., Jr. Introduction to Flight. Fourth edition. Boston: McGraw—Hill, 2000, 766 pp. 

In this text intended for both students and engineers

alike, the author presents the basic fundamentals of

aerospace engineering in a manner that is not only

clear and readable but also enjoyable and meaningful

to the uninitiated reader. 

Information on the Wright brothers in general, and

such specific topics as their engine design, the Wright

Flyers I, II, and III; gliders nos. 1, 2, and 3; propeller

design; and the wind tunnel is included.

Kingseed, Wyatt. First Airplane Fatality American

History. United States, Feb. 2001, pp. 28—34.

76 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Aeroplanes and Flights
An article on the first fatality during a test flight

piloted by Orville Wright, in which Lt. Thomas E.

Selfridge accompanying Wright as an observer

was fatally injured. The author also describes the

rivalry between the Wright brothers and Dr. Alexander

Graham Bell and the group called the Aerial

Experiment Association.

Gunston, Bill editor. Aviation Year By Year, New York:

2001, 984 pp. 

A richly illustrated chronology comprised of brief

journalistic entries, with an extensive general index

and an equally extensive listing of picture credits. The

Wright brothers are included throughout, from the

entry for August, 1899 when they build and test a

biplane kite to the announcement of Orville s death

at 76 in 1948.

Powerplant

Lippincott, Harvey H. Propulsion Systems of the Wright

Brothers. in Wright Flyer: An Engineering Perspective.

Edited by Howard S. Wolko. Washington, D.C.:

Smithsonian Institution, National Air and Space

Museum, 1987, pp. 79—95, +illus. 

Technical description of the propellers and engines

of the Wright flyers, 1903-1911, particularly of the

1903 Wright Flyer. Includes mathematical equations,

photographs, and a detailed cutaway drawing of the

1903 engine.

Engine

Wright Brothers 28- to 30-Horsepower Aeroplane

Motor. Scientific American, Dec. 15, 1906, vol. 95, pp.

448—449, +illus. 

Brief note on exhibition of Wright four-cylinder

engine at the Second Annual Exhibition of the Aero

Club of America, December 1906. 

Nicolleau, Auguste. L Aeronautique en Am rique.

L A rophile, Jan. 1907, vol. 15, pp. 13—15, +illus. 

Includes report on Le nouveau moteur des fr res

Wright, p. 15, which is based on the account in the

Scientific American, December 15, 1906.

Moteurs cylindres verticaux et parall les. 1er moteur

Wright. Le G nie civil, June 19, 1909, vol. 55, p. 152,

+illus. 

The Wright engine built by Bariquand et Marre in

France.

Dierfeld, [Benno]. Der Wright-Motor der Neuen

Automobil-Gesellschaft in Obersch neweide bei Berlin.

Zeitschrift Verein der Deutscher Ingenieure, May 28,

1910, vol. 54, pp. 886—888, +illus. 

Details of the Wright engine manufactured in

Germany by the Neue Automobil-Gesellschaft at

Oberschoneweide.

Dyke, Andrew L. Features of the Standard Wright

Motor. Aero, New York, Nov. 5, 1910, vol. 1, no. 5, p.

15, +illus. 

Four-cylinder engine used in the Baby Wright,

1910.

Aero Engines: Wright. In All the World s Airships 

1910-11. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.,

1910, p. 434.

Scant details in 1910-1914 editions.

Andr , Henri. Moteur Wright (Salon 1909). In his

Moteurs d aviation et de dirigeables. Paris: L. Geisler,

1910, pp. 151—152, +illus. 

The four-cylinder Wright engine built by Bariquand

et Marre and exhibited 1909 in Paris.

Brewer, Robert W. A. Wright Engine. In his The Art of

Aviation. London: Crosby, Lockwood and Son, 1910, pp.

66—68.

The Bariquand et Marre engine.

Lumet, Georges. Le Moteur Wright. In his Les Moteurs

d aviation. Paris: H. Dunod et E. Pinat, 1910, pp. 60—61.

Short description of the four-cylinder Wright

engine manufactured by Bariquand et Marre.

Vorreiter, Ansbert. Motor der Gebr der Wright. In his

Motoren f r Luftschiffe und Flugapparate. Berlin:

Richard Carl Schmidt & Co., 1910, pp. 110—112, +illus. 

Brief description of improved four-cylinder Wright

engine being built in Germany by the Neue

Automobil Gesellschaft for the Flugmaschine

Wright-Gesellschaft.

Wright Aeroplane Motor Type 6-60. Dayton, Ohio:

The Wright Co., [1913], 4 pp., +illus. 

Leaflet issued by the Wright Company advertising

this motor.

Phipps, Walter H. Leading Aeronautical Motors of the

World: Wright. Aircraft. June 1913, vol. 4, pp. 88, 90.

Brief specifications of the four- and six-cylinder

engines.

The New Wright Six-Cylinder Motor. Aeronautics, New

York, Oct. 1913, vol. 13, p. 141, +illus. 

A Bibliography 77

Powerplant
Account of use in Wright type hydroplane piloted

by Harry A. Atwood.

Loening, Grover C. The New Wright Six-Cylinder

Motor. Aircraft, Nov. 1913, vol. 4, p. 210, +illus.

The 6-Cylinder 60-Horsepower Wright Motor.

Aeronautics, New York, Nov. 1913, vol. 13, pp.

177—179, +illus. 

Detailed account of 6-60 engine.

Wrights Produce Economical Six. Aero and Hydro, Nov.

15, 1913, vol. 7, p. 87, +illus. 

The 6-60 engine.

The New Wright Flexible Drive. Scientific American,

June 13, 1914, vol. 190, p. 484.

Auxiliary shaft as adopted in the new aeroboat

model.

Angle, Glenn D. Wright [Engines]. In his Airplane

Engine Encyclopedia. Dayton, Ohio: Otterbein Press,

192, pp. 521—523, +illus. 

Brief description of Wright 4, 6, and 8 cylinder and

6-60 engines.

Lawrance, Charles L. The Development of the Airplane

Engine in the United States. In International Civil

Aeronautics Conference, Washington, D.C., December

12-14, 1928, Papers Submitted by the Delegates for

Consideration by the Conference. Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1928, pp. 409—421.

In his discussion of the Early Period author has

brief description of early Wright engines, pp. 412—414.

McSurely, Alexander. The Horsepower at Kitty Hawk.

Bee-Hive, Jan. 1963, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 7—11, +illus. 

Account of the development of the first Wright

aeroplane engine.

Hobbs, Leonard S. Smithsonian Annals of Flight, No.5.

Wright Brothers Engines and Their Design.

Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1971,

71 pp., +illus. 

Technical description of the flight engines used by

the Wright brothers, 1903-1915. Includes many photographs, detailed drawings, and a one-page index. 

Gunston, Bill. Fully revised 2nd edition. World

Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Wellingborough, United

Kingdom: Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989, 192 pp. 

Technical descriptions with corresponding photographs of engines; includes the Wright Hispano, the

J65, Martin, and Whirlwind. Also includes a glossary

and index.

Sanbongi, Bryan. Aircraft Engine: An Historical

Perspective of Engine Development through World War

I. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education and

Research (JAAER), Spring 1999, pp. 7—17.

An overview of the technical development of the

aircraft engine from the early 1800s through 1918,

including the Wright Flyer.

Propeller

Brown, Harold S. A Defense of the Wright System of

Propellers. Scientific American, Dec. 26, 1908, vol. 99,

p. 471.

Letter to the editor, December 1908, commenting

on Wrights use of twin propellers and stating belief

that propeller was not the immediate cause of the Fort

Myer accident.

Margoulis, Wladimir. Wright & Voisin. Le Rendement

des h lices Wright (r ponse M. Lefort). L A rophile,

Mar. 1909, vol. 17, p. 101.

Brief comment on previous article in L Aerophile,

February 1, 1909, pp. 51—54 titled, L A roplane

Wright et les a roplanes francais.

Eberhardt, Carl. Die Wright sche Luftschraube und der

Fahrwiderstand der Wright schen Flugmaschine. Der

Motorwagen, Aug. 20. 1909, vol. 12, pp. 630—632, +illus. 

Published also in his Theorie und Berechnung der

Luftschrauben, Berlin: Verlag von M. Krayn, 1910,

pp. 94—98, +illus.

Details and calculations on the Wright propeller by

a German engineer attached to the Royal Prussian

Aerial Battalion in Berlin.

Wrights Propeller Efficiency. Aeronautics, New York,

Nov. 1909, vol. 5, pp. 174—175, +illus. 

Based on calculations of Captain Eberhardt above.

Aston, W. G. A Consideration of Some Existing

Propellers. Aero, London, May 3, 1910, vol. 2, pp.

348—349, +illus. 

Includesdiscussion on the Wright brothers propeller.

Dallwitz-Wegner, Richard von. Die Wright-Schraube. In

his Der Treibschrauben Konstrukteur. Rostock, i. M.:

C. J. E. Volckmann, 1911, pp. 139—140, +illus.

James, Sydney V. Aerial Screw Practice. Aero and

Hydro, Dec. 7, 1912, vol. 5, pp. 180—182, +illus. 

Includes description of the Wright propeller with

discussion of blade outline, pitch, cross section, line

of center of pressure, and construction. 

78 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Powerplant
McSurely, Alexander. The Wrights and the Propeller.

Bee Hive, Spring 1953, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 20—24, +illus. 

Account of the early Wright propeller experiments

and the Wright brothers later operating experiences

with their propellers.

Automatic Stabilizer

Wrights Patent Automatic Stability. Flight, July 10,

1909, vol. 1, pp. 406—407, +illus. 

Abstract in Rivista Tecnica di Aeronautica, July,

1909, vol. 6, pp. 232—233; Aeronautics, [New York],

Sept. 1909, vol. 5, pp. 90—91.

Based on specifications of the Wrights British

patent No. 2913, filed February 6, 1909, and granted

September 9, 1909. The automatic stabilizing device,

used in actual flights by the Wrights as early as 1908,

was first described in their American patent No.

1,075,533, filed February 10, 1908. 

Orlovskii, Petr. Novyi avtomaticheskii stabilizator sistemy br. Rait [Wright brothers new automatic stabilizer].

Viestnik vozdukhoplavaniia, Dec. 1909, no. 2, pp. 21—22,

+illus.

Automatic Stabilizing System of the Wright Brothers.

Scientific American Supplement, Jan. 14, 1911, vol. 71,

pp. 20—21, +illus. 

Based on British and French patent specifications.

Aubigny, Eug ne d . Le Nouveau planeur Wright,

L A ro, Oct. 29, 1911, vol. 5, no. 272, p. 1, +illus., Oct.

30, no. 273, p. 1.

Includes comments by Ernest Archdeacon, Marcel

Armengaud, and Ren Quinton.

Der Wright-Stabilisator. Flugsport, Feb. 28, 1912, vol. 4,

pp. 171—172, +illus. 

Report on use in 1911 glider flights at Kitty Hawk.

Wright Automatic Stability System. Aeronautics, [New

York], Oct. 1913, vol. 13, pp. 138—139, 142, +illus. 

Abridgment of Wright patent No. 1,075,533, filed

February 10, 1908, and granted October 14, 1913.

Loening, Grover C. The Wright Automatic Stabilizer.

Flying, Jan. 1914, vol. 2, no. 12, p. 29.

Brief general statement of operating principles,

with an account of test by Orville.

Dienstbach, Carl. The Wright Automatic Stabilizer for

Aeroplanes. Scientific American, Jan. 3, 1914, vol. 110,

pp. 17, 36—37, +illus. 

Discussion of Wright patent (1913) with statement

of modifications.

Stabilizer Qualifies Wright for Trophy. Aero and Hydro,

Jan. 10, 1914, vol. 7, p. 179. 

Excerpts from the official report to the Aero Club of

America by the committee which witnessed 17 flights

by Orville at Dayton, December 31, 1913. 

Le Stabilisateur automatique Wright. L A rophile, Jan.

15, 1914, vol. 22, p. 37.

Brief note based on American announcement of

award of Collier Trophy to Orville.

The Wright Automatic Stabilizer. Aeronautics, New

York, Jan. 15, 1914, vol. 14, pp. 3—4.

Supplements note in October issue with explanation of modifications made after filing of patent application.

The Collier Trophy of the Aero Club of America for

1913 Awarded to Mr. Orville Wright for the

Development and Demonstration of the Wright

Stabilizer. Flying, Feb. 1914, vol. 3, no. 1, +illus. pp.

6—7.

Another account of demonstrations by Orville

Wright at Simms Station, Dayton, December 31,

1913, before committee of the Club.

James, Paul. Le Stabilisateur automatique Wright.

L A rophile, Feb. 1, 1914, vol. 22, p. 59, +illus. 

Based on descriptions in recent issues of American

trade journals.

Le Stabilisateur automatique Wright. Le G nie Civil,

Feb. 14, 1914, vol. 64, p. 318, +illus. 

Based on description in Scientific American,

January 3, 1914.

Orville Wright s Fool-Proof Plane. Literary Digest, Feb.

21, 1914, vol. 48, p. 374.

Der automatische Wright-Stabilisator f r Flugzeuge.

Deutsche Luftfahrer Zeitschrift, Mar. 4, 1914, vol. 18, p.

110, +illus. 

Brief note based on patent specifications.

S e, Alexandre. Consid rations sur le stabilisateur

automatique Wright. L A rophile, Mar. 15, 1914, vol.

25, pp. 134—135.

Das Versprechen von Wright. Wiener LuftschifferZeitung, Mar. 15, 1914, vol. 13, pp. 27—29.

Summary of recent press reports on automatic stabilizer.

A Bibliography 79

Automatic Stabilizer
Bejeuhr, Paul. Der automatische Wright-Stabilisator. Die

Umschau, Aug. 22, 1914, vol. 18, pp. 684—685, +illus.

Orville Wright s New Stabilizer Almost Perfected.

Aviation and Aeronautical Engineering, Dec. 15, 1915,

vol. 1, p. 331.

Published also in Aerial Age Weekly, Dec. 18, 1916,

vol. 4, p. 359.

Report on series of tests conducted by Orville in

November with a new stabilizer based on gravity

principle.

Orville Wright inventa un estabilizador para aeroplanos.

Tohtli, Feb. 1917, vol. 2, pp. 51—52.

Based on description published in El Pueblo,

January 8, 1917.

Control Devices

Die Steuerung des Wrightschen Fliegers. Flugsport, Feb.

5, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 100—103, +illus. 

Outline of the steering mechanism of the Wright

aeroplane.

The Wright Control. Aero, New York, Nov. 5, 1910, vol.

1, no. 5, p. 7.

Brief note and explanatory statement by Wilbur

Wright on the interconnection of the wing warping

lever and the rudder.

Mitchell, John W. Wrights Improved Anemometer.

Aeronautics, New York, Jan. 1911, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 15.

The Wrights first side slip indicator, here incorrectly called an anemometer, is described as a soaked

and grimy rag supposedly regarded by the Wrights as

superior to a pendulum or other similar device.

The New Wright Control. Aeronautical Journal, Jan.

1911, vol. 15, pp. 28—29, +illus. 

Drawings and detailed description of the new control furnished by an American correspondent.

Illustrating the Control System of Wright Planes. Aero,

St. Louis, Mar. 25, 1911, vol. 1, p. 228, +illus. 

Diagram only.

Loening, Grover C. Controlling Apparatus. 8. Wright. In

his Monoplanes and Biplanes; Their Design,

Construction and Operation New York: Munn &

Company, Inc., 1911, pp. 287—290.

The Wright Company. Incidence Indicator. [Dayton,

Ohio, 1913.], 1 p., +illus. 

Advertising leaflet with illustration and brief

description of operating principles of the indicator.

The indicator described was a simple wind vane controlling a pointer moving over a dial which was controlled by a special mechanical contrivance which

eliminated gravity influence.

Wright Incidence Indicator. Aeronautics, New York,

Aug. 1913, vol. 13, pp. 56, 58., +illus. 

Announces availability of the new incidence indicator and gives brief description.

Wright Incidence Indicator Brought Out. Aero and

Hydro, Aug. 9, 1913, vol. 6, p. 380, +illus. 

Published also in Aircraft, Sept. 1913, vol. 4, p.

159.

A Wright Incidence Indicator. Flight, Oct. 15, 1913, vol.

5, p. 1178, +illus. 

Brief descriptive note.

Wrights Adopt New Type Control. Aero and Hydro, Feb.

21, 1914, vol. 7, pp. 263—264, +illus. 

Description of new automobile-type steering wheel

in combination with a rotatable rudder handle which

replaces older lever system.

Loening, Grover C. The New Wright Control. Flying,

Mar. 1914, vol. 3, no. 2, p. 60, +illus.

The New Wright Control. Flight, Mar. 7, 1914, vol. 6, p.

240, +illus.

Wright Wheel Control. Aeronautics, New York, Mar. 15,

1914, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 69.

Brief descriptive note.

Wright Improves Elevator Control. Aero and Hydro,

Apr. 25, 1914, vol. 8, p. 40.

Report on flight of Orville Wright with a new type

elevator control on April 17.

Jones, Ernest L. New Model Wright Incidence Indicator.

Aeronautics, London, Feb. 16. 1916, vol. 10, p. 116,

+illus. 

Apparently identical with 1913 model.

The Wright Control System. In Gibbs-Smith, Charles H.,

The Invention of the Aeroplane (1799-1909), New York:

Taplinger Publishing Co., Inc., 1966, pp. 308—312,

+illus. 

Included in discussion of control systems in use in

1909 in Wright, Voisin, Bleriot, Antoinette, Henry

Farman, and Curtiss aircraft.

80 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Control Devices
Wind Tunnel

Baker, M. P. The Wright Brothers as Aeronautical

Engineers. SAE Quarterly Transactions, Jan. 1951, vol.

5, pp. 1—17, +illus. 

Originally issued with slightly varying text as

SAE Preprint 459, New York: Society of Automotive

Engineers, 1950, 23 pp.; reprinted with exception of

appendices and discussion, pp. 12—17, in Annual

Report of the Smithsonian Institution, 1950,

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office,

1951, pp. 209—223; as Smithsonian Publication

4030, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing

Office, 1951, pp. 209—223; in Smithsonian Treasury

of Science, vol. III, edited by Webster P. True, New

York, Simon and Schuster, Inc. 1960, pp.

1075—1104; and abridged with title, Wright

Brothers; World s First Aeronautical Engineers, in

Aero Digest, July 1953, vol. 67, pp. 18—24.

Paper given before the National Aeronautic

Meeting of the Society of Automotive Engineers,

New York, April 17, 1950, by the Assistant Technical

Advisor to the Orville Wright Estate. Presents technical details of Wrights 1901 wind tunnel experiments. Also included are discussions: Wright

Brothers and Aerodynamics, by Francis H. Clauser;

Design, Structural Features of Wright Brothers

Airplane, by Alexander Kartvelli; Powerplants

Built by Wright Brothers, by Opie Chenoweth.

. The Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel

Experiments. Dayton: the author, [1949], 20 pp. +illus.,

processed.

Lecture delivered at Oberlin College, May 26,

1949.

Brewer, Griffith. Original Wind Tunnel of the Wright

Brothers. U.S. Air Services, Nov. 1938, vol. 23, no. 11,

pp. 17—18.

Published also in Proceedings of the Fifth

International Congress for Applied Mechanics,

Cambridge, Mass., Sept. 12-16, 1938, New York:

John Wiley & Sons, 1939, pp. 741—743; Brewer,

Griffith, Fifty Years of Flying, London: Air League

of the British Empire, 1946, pp. 96—101.

Address delivered at the dedication of the Wright

Brothers Memorial Wind Tunnel at the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, September

12, 1938. 

Culick, F. E. C., and Jex, Henry R. Aerodynamics,

Stability, and Control of the 1903 Wright Flyer. In Wright

Flyer: An Engineering Perspective. Edited by Howard S.

Wolko. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution,

National Air and Space Museum, 1987, pp. 19—43, +illus. 

Technical description of wind tunnel tests in 1982

and 1983, on 1/6- and 1/8-scale models of the 1903

Wright Flyer, for stability and control. Includes

graphs and mathematical notations.

Gerhardt, W. F. Wright and Prandtl; Some Early Wind

Tunnel Tests Interpreted in the Light of Prandtl s

Induction Theory. [Detroit: the author, 1938], 18 pp.

(typescript) and diagrs., 5 pp.

Paper presented at the Sixth Annual Meeting of

the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences, January

26, 1938. Author deals briefly with 1901 wind-tunnel experiments and attempts modern interpretation

of Wright data.

Lewis, George W. The Wright Brothers as Researchers.

Aviation. Aug. 1939, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 20—21, 81, +illus. 

Advance publication with special title of the section,

Research in the Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel in his

27th Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture Some Modern

Methods of Research in Problems of Flight, delivered

before the Royal Aeronautical Society, London, May

25, 1939, and published in The Journal of the Royal

Aeronautical Society, Oct. 1939, vol. 53, pp. 773—778.

Based on data supplied the author by Orville

Wright.

McClarren, Ralph H. The Wright Brothers

Aeronautical Engineering Collection at the Franklin

Institute, Philadelphia, Pa. Journal of the Franklin

Institute, Aug. 1951, vol. 252, pp. 175—196, +illus. 

Includes listing of Wrights 1901 and 1917 windtunnel apparatus and drawings and descriptions of

data sheets and notes of the 1901 and 1917 wind-tunnel tests bequeathed to the Franklin Institute by

Orville Wright.

Randers-Pehrson, Nils H. Wright Brothers. In his

Pioneer Wind Tunnels, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian

Institution, 1935, pp. 11—13, +illus. (Smithsonian

Publication 3294 and Smithsonian Miscellaneous

Collections, vol. 93, no. 4).

Saar, John. Space-Age Wind Tunnels Reshape Old

Notions of Streamlining. Smithsonian, Jan. 1982, pp.

76—85.

Follows the development of the wind tunnel and

its importance in the advancement of flight, from the

Wright brothers experiments in preparation for their

flight in 1903 to the world s largest wind tunnel for

aerospace research under construction at the Ames

Research Center at Moffett Field, California. 

Shaw, Herbert. Orville Wright Finds Historic Relic,

Long Lost. Mechanism Which Made First Flight

A Bibliography 81

Wind Tunnel
Possible Comes to Light in Laboratory Attic. U.S. Air

Services, Jan. 1947, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 17—18, +illus. 

Reprinted from Dayton Daily News.

The balances used in the Wrights 1901 wind tunnel

and lost December 6, 1916, were found in the attic of

Orville s laboratory, December 9, 1946. 

Warner, Edward P., and Norton, Fredrick H. Wind

Tunnel Balances. National Advisory Committee for

Aeronautics Report No. 72, 1920, 40 pp. 

Preprinted from Fifth Annual Report of the

National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, 1919,

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1920,

pp. 647—648.

Includes Brief Notes on Balances of Other

Types, pp. 39—40. This was the balance used by

Orville Wright in the wind tunnel at his Dayton laboratory, 1917-1922. 

Wright Brothers Studies. Science News Letter, June 4,

1949, vol. 55, p. 355, port. 

Brief note on Wright wind tunnel instruments on

the occasion of presentation of reproductions to

Oberlin College.

The Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel. U.S. Air Services,

July 1939, vol. 24, no. 7, p. 7.

Editorial comment on Dr. George W. Lewis 1939

Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture before the Royal

Aeronautical Society.

Patents and Patent Suits

United States

Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio.

Flying-Machine. No. 821,393. Specification of Letters

Patent. Application Filed March 23, 1903. Patented

May 22, 1906. Washington, D.C.: United States Patent

Office, 1906, 10 pp., +illus. 

Abridged in The Official Gazette of the United

States Patent Office, May 22, 1906, vol. 122, pp.

1257—1258, and reprinted in Vehicles of the Air, by

Victor Lougheed, Chicago: The Reilly and Britton

Co., 1909, pp. 451—457.

The basic Wright patent, incorporating the constructions and combinations of the Wright 1902 glider.

Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio,

Assignors to the Wright Company, a Corporation of

New York. Flying-Machine. 1,075,533. Specification

of Letters Patent. Application Filed February 10, 1908.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913. Washington, D.C.: United

States Patent Office, 1913, 14 pp., +illus. 

Abridged in The Official Gazette of the United

States Patent Office, Oct. 14, 1913, vol. 195, p. 353.

Device for maintaining automatic stability.

Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio.

Mechanism for Flexing the Rudder of a Flying

Machine or the Like. No. 908,929. Specification of

Letters Patent. Application Filed July 15, 1908.

Patented Jan. 5, 1909. Washington, D.C.: United States

Patent Office, 1909, 5 pp., +illus. 

Abridged in The Official Gazette of the United

States Patent Office, Jan. 5, 1909, vol. 138, p. 164. 

Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio,

Assignors to the Wright Company, a Corporation of

New York. Flying-Machine. No. 987,662. Specification

of Letters Patent. Application Filed February 17, 1908.

Patented Mar. 21, 1911. Washington, D.C.: United

States Patent Office, 1911, 5 pp., +illus. 

Abridged in The Official Gazette of the United

States Patent Office, Mar. 2, 1911, vol. 164, p. 711. 

Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio,

Assignors to the Wright Company, a Corporation of New

York. Flying-Machine. No. 1,122,348. Specification of

Letters Patent. Application Filed February 17, 1908.

Patented Dec. 29, 1914. Washington, D.C.: United States

Patent Office, 1914, 10 pp., +illus. 

Abridged in The Official Gazette of the United

States Patent Office, Dec. 29, 1914, vol. 209, p.

1357. 

Orville Wright and James M. H. Jacobs, of Dayton,

Ohio, Assignors to Dayton—Wright Company, of

Dayton, Ohio, a Corporation of Delaware. Airplane.

1,504,663. Application Filed May 31, 1921. Patented

Aug. 12, 1924. Washington, D.C.: United States Patent

Office, 1924, 8 pp., +illus. 

Abridged in The Official Gazette of the United

States Patent Office, Aug. 12, 1924, vol. 325, p. 374.

Invention designed to increase the lift of an airfoil

through the use of a split flap.

Orville Wright of Oakwood, Ohio, Assignor to the

Miami Wood Specialty Company, of Dayton, Ohio, a

Corporation of Ohio. Toy. 1,523,989. Application Filed

November 10, 1923. Patented Jan. 20, 1925.

Washington, D.C.: United States Patent Office, 1925, 4

pp., +illus. 

Abridged in The Official Gazette of the United

States Patent Office, Jan. 20, 1925, vol. 330, pp.

662—663.

82 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Patents and Patent Suits
The toy consists of a device by which an object,

such as a doll, is thrown through the air and caused to

be engaged and to be supported by a swinging bar.

Austria

Wilbur Wright und Orville Wright in Dayton (Ohio, V.

St. A.) sterreichische Patentschrift Nr, 23174.

Flugmaschine. Angemeldet am 23 M rz 1904. Beginn

der Patentdauer: 15. September 1905. Ausgegeben am

26. Februar 1906. Wien: Kais. K nigl. Patentamt, 1906,

8 pp., +illus.

Wilbur Wright und Orville Wright in Dayton (Ohio,

V.St. A.) sterreichische Patentschrift Nr. 36566.

Drachenflieger. Angemeldet am 24. Februar 1908.

Beginnder Patentdauer: Oktober 15. 1908. Ausgegeben

am 10. M rz 1909. Wien: Kais. Konigl. Patentamt, 1909,

4 pp., +illus.

Belgium

Wright (O.) et Wright (W.) 176292. Imp.

Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques. 23 mars

1904 (brevet am ricain du 23 mars 1903). Recueil des

brevets d invention, 1904, vol. 52, p. 509.

Wright (W.) et Wright (O.) 211970. Imp.

Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques. 13

novembre 1908 (brevet francais du 18 novembre 1907,

sous le b n fice de la convention internationale du 20

mars 1883). Recueil des brevets d invention, 1908, vol.

56, pp. 1919—1920.

Wright (W.) et Wright (O.) 211971. Imp.

Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques. 13

novembre 1908 (brevet francais du 18 novembre 1907,

sous le b n fice de la convention internationale du 20

mars1883) Recueil des brevets d invention, 1908, vol.

56, p. 1920.

Wright (W.) et Wright (O.) 213823. Inv.

Perfectionnements aux machines volantes, invention

pour laquelle le brevet d clare avoir d pos aux tatsUnis d Am rique, le 10 f vrier 1908, sous le b n fice de

la convention internationale du 20 mars 1883, une premiere demande de brevet non encore accord e a la date

du 4 f vrier 1909. Recueil des brevets d invention, 1909,

vol. 57, p. 224.

Wright (W.) et Wright (O.) 217586. Inv.

Perfectionnements au m canisme servant pres nter

ungouvernail de machine a ronautique sous une forme

concave, faisant l objet d une premi re demande de

brevet d pos e aux tats-Unis d Am rique, le 15 juillet

1908, sous le b n fice de la convention internationale du

20 mars 1883 et non encore accord e la date du 8 juillet 1909. Recueil des brevets d invention, 1909, vol. 57,

p. 1230.

France

MM. Orville Wright et Wilbur Wright r sidant aux tatsUnis d Am rique. Brevet d invention No 342.188.

Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques.

Demand le 22 mars 1904. D livr le 1er juillet 1904.

Publi le 1er septembre 1904. [Paris] Office National de

la Propri t Industrielle, 1904, 4 pp., +illus.

MM. Wilbur Wright et Orville Wright r sidant aux tatsUnis d Am rique. Brevet d invention No 384.124.

Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques.

Demand le 18 novembre 1907. D livr le 27 janvier

1908. Publi le 30 mars 1908. [Paris] Office National de

la Propri t Industrielle, 1908, 6 pp., +illus.

MM. Wilbur Wright et Orville Wright r sidant aux tatsUnis d Am rique. Brevet d invention No 384.125.

Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques.

Demand le 18 novembre 1907. D livr le 27 janvier

1908. Publi le 30 mars 1908. [Paris] Office National de

la Propri t Industrielle, 1908, 4 pp., +illus.

MM. Wilbur Wright et Orville Wright r sidant aux tatsUnis d Am rique. Brevetd invention No 401,905.

Perfectionnements aux machines volantes. Demand le 8

f vrier 1909. D livr le 14 ao t 1909. Publi le 21 septembre 1909. [Paris] Office National de la Propri t

Industrielle, 1909, 8 pp., +illus.

MM. Wilbur Wright et Orville Wright r sidant aux tatsUnis d Am rique. Brevetd invention No 404,866.

Perfectionnements au m canisme servant pr senter un

gouvernail de machine a ronautique sous une forme

concave. Demand le 8 juillet 1909. D livr le 30 octobre 1909. Publi le 14 decembre 1909. [Paris] Office

National de la Propri t Industrielle, 1909, 3 pp., +illus.

Germany

Orville Wright und Wilbur Wright in Dayton, (V. St. A.)

Patentschrift. Nr. 173378. Klasse 77h. Gruppe 7.

A Bibliography 83

Patents and Patent Suits
Mitwagerechtem Kopfruder und senkrechtem

Schwanzruder versehener Gleitflieger. Patentiert im

Deutschen Reichevom 24. M rz 1904 ab. Ausgegeben

den 16. Juli 1906. Berlin: Kaiserliches Patentamt,

1906, 4 pp., +illus.

Orville Wright und Wilbur Wright in Dayton, V. St. A.

Patentschrift. Nr. 240181. Klasse 77h. Gruppe 5.

Vorrichtung zur Erhaltung eines bestimmten

Einfallwinkels der Luftstromung zur Tragfl che vom

Flugsmachinen. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 7.

Februar 1909 ab. Ausgegeben den 28. Oktober 1911.

Berlin: Kaiserliches Patentamt, 1911, 7 pp., +illus.

Orville Wright und Wilbur Wright in Dayton, V. St. A.

Patentschrift Nr. 240702. Klasse 77h.Gruppe 5. Steuer

f r Flugmaschinen bei welchem Vorderkante und

Hinterkante gegen den Wind in verschiedenem Winkel

einstellbar sind. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom

15. Juli 1909 ab. Ausgegeben den 15. November 1911.

Berlin: Kaiserliches Patentamt, 1911, 3 pp., +illus.

Orville Wright in Dayton, V. St. A. Patentschrift Nr.

259339. Klasse 77h. Gruppe 5. Flugzeugmit verwendbaren durch senkrechte St tzen gelenkig verbundenen

Tragfl chenrahmen. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche

vom 13. November 1908 ab. Ausgegeben den 3. Mai

1913. Berlin: Kaiserliches Patentamt, 1913, 3 pp.,

+illus.

Orville Wright in Dayton, V. St. A. Patentschrift

Nr.258732. Klasse 77h. Gruppe 5. Steuerung f r

Flugzeuge mit verwindbaren Tragfl chen. Patentiert im

Deutschen Reichevom 23. November ab. Ausgegeben

den 17. Mai 1913. Berlin: Kaiserliches Patentamt,

1913, 3 pp., +illus.

Orville Wright in Dayton, V. St. A. Patentschrift

Nr.259811. Klasse 77h. Flugzeug mitbeiderseits von

der Maschinenmitte bez glich ihres Neigungswinkels

gegen den Wind verschieden einstellbaren Tragfl chen.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 13. November

1908 ab. Ausgegeben den 14. Mai 1913. Berlin:

Kaiserliches Patentamt, 1913, 3 pp., +illus.

Orville Wright in Dayton, V. St. A. Patentschrift Nr.

260050. Klasse 77. Gruppe 5. Flugzeugmit verwindbaren Tragfl chen. Zusatz zum Patent 173378.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reichevom 13. November

1908 ab. L ngsten Dauer: 23. M rz 1919. Ausgegeben

den 17. Mai 1913. Berlin: Kaiserliches Patentamt,

1913, 3 pp., +illus.

Hungary

Wright Wilbur s Wright Orville gy rosok Daytonban.

Szabadalmi leir s 44407 sz m. R p log p. A bejelent s

napja 1908 febru r h 22-ike. Megjelent 1909. vi

febru r h 24- n Budapest: Magy. Kir. Szabadalmi

Hivatal, 1909, 5 pp., +illus.

Wright Wilbur s Wright Orville gy rosok Daytonban.

Szabadalmi leir s 44408 sz m. R p log p. A bejelent s

napja 1908 febru r h 22-ike. Megjelent 1909. vi

febru r h 24- n Budapest: Magy. Kir. Szabadalmi

Hivatal, 1909, 8 pp., +illus.

Wright Wilbur s Wright Orville gy rosok Daytonban.

Szabadalmi leir s 47943 sz m. R p log p. A bejelent s

napja 1909 februar ho 9-ike. Megjelent 1910. vi febru r

h 12-en Budapest: Magy. Kir. Szabadalmi Hivatal,

1910, 15 pp., +illus.

Italy

Wright Orville e Wright Wilbur a Dayton, Ohio (S. U.

d America). 227/184.81601. Perfezionamenti nelle

macchine aeronautiche, richiesto il 16 marzo 1906, prolungamento peranni 6 della privativa 189/181 de un

anno dal 31 marzo 1904, gi prolungato per un anno

conl attestato 204/38. Bollettino della proprieta intellettuale, June 30, 1906, vol. 5, p. 635.

Wright Wilbur e Wright Orville, a Dayton, Ohio (S. U.

d America). Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques. (Rivendicazione di priorit dal 18 novembre

1907). Registro generale 99047. 14.11.1908. Bollettino

della propriet intellettuale, Dec. 15-31, 1909, vol. 8, p.

1277.

Wright Wilbur e Wright Orville, a Dayton, Ohio (S. U.

d America). Perfectionnements aux machines a ronautiques. (Rivendicazione di priorit dal 18 novembre

1907). Registro generale 99048. 14.11.1908. Bollettino

della propriet intellettuale, Dec. 15-31, 1909, vol. 8, p.

1277.

Wright Wilbur e Wright Orville, a Dayton, Ohio (S. U.

d America). Perfectionnements aux machines volantes.

(Rivendicazione di priorit dal 10 febbraio 1908).

Registro generale 100791. 8.2. 1909. Bollettino della

propriet intellettuale, Jan. 31, 1910, vol. 9, p. 91.

Wright Wilbur e Wright Orville, a Dayton, Ohio (S. U.

d America). Perfectionnements au m canisme servant 

84 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Patents and Patent Suits
pr senter un gouvernail de machine a ronautique

sousune forme concave (Rivendicazione di priorita dal

15 luglio 1908). Registro generale 103685. 8.7.1909.

Bollettino della propriet intellettuale, Mar. 31, 1910,

vol. 9, p. 368.

Wright Orville e Wright Wilbur, a Dayton, Ohio (S. U.

d America). Perfezionamenti nelle macchine aeronautiche.

Registro generale 124336. 29.3.1912. Bollettino della propriet intellettuale, Oct. 31, 1912, vol. 11, p. 1069.

Russia

[Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright] Opisanie ostovadvoinogo aeroplana. [Description of the framework of a

biplane.] K privilegii inostrantsev O. Raita (O. Wright) i

U.Raita (W. Wright), v.g. Deitone, v severoamerikanskom shtate, Ogaio, zaiavlennoi 13 marta 1904 goda

(okhr, svid. Mo. 23488, Gruppa V. No. 15010, 3 1ianvaria, 1909 g. Svod privilegii vydannykh v Rossii, 1909,

vyp. 1, pp. 59—61.

Spain

Mres. Wilbur Wright et Orville Wright. 44.332. Patente

de invenci n por veinte a os por perfeccionamientos en

m quinas para la aerostaci n. Presentada la solicitud en

el Registro de este Ministerio en 11 de noviembre de

1908. Recibido el expediente en 12 de idem. Concedida

lapatente en 27 de idem. Bolet n oficial de la propriedad

industrial, Dec. 16, 1908, vol. 23, p. 1750.

Mres. Wilbur Wright et Orville Wright. 44.333. Patente

de invenci n por veinte a os por Perfeccionamientos

en m quinas para la aerostaci n. Presentada la solicitud

en el Registro de este Ministerio en 11 de noviembre de

1908. Recibido el expediente en 12 de idem. Concedida

lapatente en 27 de idem. Bolet n oficial de la propriedad

industrial, Dec. 16, 1908, vol. 23, p. 1750.

Mres. Orville Wright et Wilbur Wright. 44.860. Patente

de invenci n por veinte a os por Perfeccionamientos

en m quinas voladoras. Presentada la solicitud en el

Registro de este Ministerio en 6 de febrero de 1909.

Recibido el expediente en 8 de idem. Concedida

inpatente en 20 de idem. Bolet n oficial de la propriedad

industrial, Mar. 16, 1909, vol. 24, p. 269.

Mres. Wilbur Wright et Orville Wright. 45.940. Patente

de invenci n por veinte a os por Un mecanismo perfeccionado qu sirve para dar una flexi n o forma

arqueada al tim n de una m quina voladora otra por el

estilo. Presentada la solicitud en el Registro de este

Ministerio en 13 de julio de 1909. Recibido el expediente en 14 de idem. Concedida la patente en 7 deagosto

de idem. Boletin oficial de la propriedad industrial,

Sept. 1, 1909, vol. 24, p. 905.

United Kingdom

[Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright] Improvements in

Aeronautical Machines. Complete specification. No.

6732. Date claimed for Patent under Patent Act, 1901,

being date of first foreign application (in United States),

23rd Mar., 1903. Date of application (in the United

Kingdom), 19th Mar., 1904. Accepted, 12th May, 1904.

London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1904, 5 pp.,

+illus.

[Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright] Improvements in or

Connected with Flying Machines. Complete specification. No. 24,076. Date claimed for patent under Patents

and Designs Act, 1907, being date of first foreign application (in France), 18th Nov., 1907. Date of application

(in the United Kingdom), 10th Nov., 1908. Accepted 1st

Apr., 1909. London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office,

1909, 8 pp., +illus.

[Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright] Improvements in or

Connected with Flying Machines. Complete specification. No. 24,077. Date claimed for patent under Patents

and Designs Act,1907, being date of first foreign application (in France), 18th Nov., 1907. Date of application

(in the United Kingdom), 10th Nov., 1908. Accepted,

18th Feb., 1909. London: H. Majesty s Stationery

Office, 1909, 5 pp., +illus.

[Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright] Improvements in or

Connected with Flying Machines. Complete specification. No. 2913. Date claimed for Patent under Patents

and Designs Act, 1907, being date of first foreign application (in the United States). 10th Feb., 1908. Date of

application (in the United Kingdom), 6th Feb., 1909.

Accepted, 9th Sept., 1909. London: H. Majesty s

Stationery Office, 1909, 13 pp., +illus.

[Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright] Improvements in

Mechanism for Actuating the Rudders or Controlling

Planes of Aeronautical Machines. Complete specification. No. 16,068. Date claimed for patent under Patents

and Designs Act, 1907, being date of first foreign application (in the United States), 15th July, 1908. Date of

application (in the United Kingdom), 9th July, 1909.

London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1909, 4 pp.

A Bibliography 85

Patents and Patent Suits
Court Records

The Wright Company Vs. The Herring—

Curtiss Company and Glenn H. Curtiss

Brief for Complainant and Abstract of Evidence on

Motion for Preliminary Injunction. United States Circuit

Court, Western District of New York. Springfield, Ohio:

The Young & Bennett Co., [1909], 163 pp.

Submitted December 1909 in appeal by the Wright

Company, filed August 18, 1909, to enjoin the

Herring—Curtiss Company and Glenn H. Curtiss from

manufacturing, selling, or using for exhibition purposes the Curtiss aeroplane.

Opinion by John R. Hazel, District Judge. Circuit Court

of the United States, Western District of New York. New

York: C. G. Burgoyne, [1910], 7 pp. 

Published also in Federal Reporter, May-June

1910, vol. 177, pp. 257—261. 

Opinion of January 4, 1910, granting a preliminary

injunction to the Wright Company. Published with

Judge Hand s decision of February 17 in the Wright

Company Vs. Louis Paulhan suit.

Transcript of Record, Appeal from the Circuit Court of

the United States for the Western District of New York.

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second

Circuit. New York: C. G. Burgoyne, [1910], 476 pp.,

+illus. 

Includes affidavits of Wilbur Wright given at

Dayton, Ohio, September 18, 1909, pp. 13—40,

December 11, 1909, pp. 252—253, at New York, March

12, 1910 pp. 431—434, at Buffalo, March 19, 1910, pp.

462—471; of Orville Wright at Dayton, Ohio,

December 11, 1909, pp. 251—252; and of Wilbur and

Orville Wright at New York, November 27, 1909, pp.

203—250, at Dayton, Ohio, December 11, 1909, pp.

261—271, and March 7, 1910, pp. 421—431.

Also includes corroborating Wright testimony,

defendant s affidavits as well as photographs,

exhibits, and numerous other documents introduced

into the record.

Brief for Defendants-Appellants, United States Circuit

Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. New York: C.

G. Burgoyne, [1910], 53 pp.

Mr. Bull s Brief for Defendants-Appellants, United

States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

New York: C. G. Burgoyne, [1910], 17 pp.

Brief for Complainant-Appellee, and Abstract of

Evidence, on Appeal from an Order Granting a

Preliminary Injunction. United States Circuit Court of

Appeals, for the Second Circuit. Springfield, Ohio: The

Young & Bennett Co., [1910], 189 pp. 

Submitted May 1910.

Brief [of Mr. Wetmore] for Complainant-Appellee.

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second

Circuit. [New York: 1910], 7 pp.

[Opinion of Lacombe, Coxe, and Noyes, Circuit Judges,

June 14, 1910]. In Federal Reporter, Sept.-Oct., 1910,

vol. 180, pp. 110—111. 

Reverses earlier order for a preliminary injunction.

Defendant s Record. United States District Court, for the

Western District of New York. New York: Appeal

Printing Company, [1912], 2 vols, [1142 pp.]

Includes deposition of Wilbur Wright, New York,

September 13-14, 16, 1911, vol. 1, pp. 78—125, and

other pertinent Wright articles, correspondence, and

documents including the file wrapper and contents of

the original Wright patent issued May 22, 1906.

Complainant s Record. United States District Court,

Western District of New York. [Dayton, Ohio: 1912],

820 pp. 

Includes extensive First Rebuttal Deposition of

Wilbur Wright, Dayton, Ohio, February 15-23, 1912,

pp. 473—614 (abstracted in Aeroplane, June 21-28,

1916, vol. 10, pp. 990, 992, 1034 and in Aeronautical

Journal, July-Sept. 1916, vol. 20, pp. 115—124) and a

Second Rebuttal Deposition, February 26-March 2,

1912, pp. 615—690 and also, in part, the testimony of

Wilbur Wright as originally given in the Charles H.

Lamson Vs. The Wright Company suit, March 30, and

April 3, 1912, pp. 780—808. 

Also includes extensive testimony by William J.

Hammer and James W. See and by other witnesses

with introduction of Wright correspondence, records,

and documents into the record.

Complainant s Record-Appendix. Exhibits Reproduced.

United States District Court, Western District of New

York. [Dayton, Ohio: 1912], 151 pp., +illus. 

Includes reproduction of original Wright patent,

photographs of the Curtiss, Willard, and Wright aeroplanes, text of Wright-Burgess and Wright Aeronautic

Company licenses, St. Louis aviation 1910 and 1911

meet licenses, and extensive reference to Albert F.

Zahm s patent application no. 550,606, filed March

21, 1910, and to that of Glenn H. Curtiss, no. 586,425,

filed June 23,1910.

86 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Court Records
Brief and Digest of the Evidence for Complainant on

Final Hearing. United States District Court, Western

District of New York. Springfield, Ohio: The Young &

Bennett Co., [1912], 221 pp. 

Submitted October 1912.

Closing Arguments of Frederick P. Fish and Edmund

Wetmore. United States District Court, Western District

of New York. Boston: L. H. Lane, [1912], 55 pp. 

Arguments for the complainant before Judge Hazel,

November 19, 1912.

[Opinion of John R. Hazel, District Judge, February 21,

1913]. In Federal Reporter, June-July 1913, vol. 204,

pp. 597—614.

[Transcript of Record on Appeal from the Decree of

Court, April 8th, 1913.] United States Circuit Court of

Appeals. [New York: 1913], 3 vols. (2184 pp.) 

Compilation and reprinting of pertinent records in

the action including Complainant s Record and

Defendant s Record above.

Brief for Complainant-Appellee. United States Circuit

Court of Appeals for the Second District. Springfield,

Ohio: The Young & Bennett Co., [1913], 147 pp., and

appendix, IX pp.

Brief for Appellants. United States Circuit Court of

Appeals, for the Second District. New York: Appeal

Printing Company, [1913], 205 pp.

Supplemental Brief on the Question of Infringement.

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second

Circuit. New York: C. G. Burgoyne, [1913], 26 pp.

Complainant s Reply Brief on Question of Infringement.

United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second

Circuit. Boston: L. H. Lane, [1913], 24 pp.

[Opinion of Lacombe, Coxe, and Ward, Circuit Judges,

January 13, 1914.] In Federal Reporter, Apr.-May 1914,

vol. 211, pp. 654—655.

Affirms earlier interlocutory decree upholding the

validity of the Wright patent.

The Wright Company Vs. 

The Curtiss Aeroplane Company

Bill of Complaint. In the United States District Court, for

the Western District of New York. [Dayton, Ohio:

November 16, 1914], 11 pp. [typescript]

Filed with supporting affidavits of A. F. Barnes and

Orville Wright in a preliminary injunction motion

November 17, 1914, against the Curtiss Aeroplane

Company. Because of the sale of the Wright

Company, October 15, 1915, subsequent delays, and

the aircraft manufacturers cross-licensing agreement

of July 1917, this case was not brought to trial.

Affidavit of Orville Wright. [Dayton, Ohio: November

16, 1914], 5 pp., +illus. [typescript] 

States that, despite earlier court decrees and judgments in favor of the Wright Company, the Curtiss

Aeroplane Company is continuing to manufacture,

use, and sell flying machines which infringe the

Wright patent and gives a detailed report on the

infringing features of the Curtiss aeroplane.

Affidavit of Alpheus F. Barnes. [New York: November

16, 1914], 8 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Edward C. Huffaker. [Hammondsport, New

York: December 28, 1914], 7 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Grahame H. Powell. [Washington, D.C.:

December 28, 1914], 4 pp., +illus. [typescript]

Affidavit of Robert L. Reed. [Hammondsport, New

York: December 28, 1914], 23 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Thomas W. Smillie. [Washington, D.C.:

December 28, 1914], 2 pp., +illus. [typescript]

Affidavit of Charles Gurtler. [Rochester, New York:

January 5, 1915], 5 pp., +illus. [typescript]

Affidavit of Edson Gallaudet. [New York: January 8,

1915], 11 pp., +illus. [typescript]

Affidavit of Charles M. Manley. [New York: January 9,

1915], 42 pp., +illus. [typescript]

Manly Second Affidavit. [New York: January 9, 1915], 4

pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Harry Benner. [Hammondsport, New York:

January 11, 1915], 3 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Glenn H. Curtiss. [Buffalo, New York:

January 11, 1915], 20 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Henry C. Genung. [Buffalo, New York:

January 11, 1915], 2 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of G. Ray Hall. [Buffalo, New York: January

11, 1915], 9 pp. [typescript]

A Bibliography 87

Court Records
Affidavit of John A. D. McCurdy. [Buffalo, New York:

January 11, 1915], 13 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Henry T. Wehman. [Hammondsport, New

York: January 11, 1915], 4 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Dr. Albert F. Zahm. [Hammondsport, New

York: January 11, 1915], 13 pp. and 11 photos. [typescript]

Affidavit of William Elwood Doherty. [Hammondsport,

New York: January 12, 1915], 3 pp. [typescript]

Additional Affidavit of John A. D. McCurdy. [Buffalo,

New York: January 12, 1915], 3 pp. [typescript]

Charles M. Manley s 2nd Additional Affidavit. [New

York: January 13, 1915], 5 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Charles A. Stiles. [New York: March 18,

1915], 3 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Roy Knabenshue. [Dayton, Ohio: March 25,

1915], 2 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Harry C. Watts. [Los Angeles: March 27,

1915], 1 p. [typescript]

Affidavit of Walter R. Brookins. [Dayton, Ohio: April

16, 1915], 5 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Orville Wright. [Dayton, Ohio: April 24,

1915], 48 pp., +illus. [typescript]

A reply to a number of the affidavits filed above

with a discussion also of prior art and extensive testimony on the Langley Machine and Tests at

Hammondsport, pp. 31—48.

Affidavit of Walter R. Brookins. [Newcastle,

Pennsylvania: April 30, 1915], 7 pp. [typescript]

Affidavit of Orville Wright. [Dayton, Ohio: May 10,

1915], 3 pp. [typescript]

States that he has reason to believe but has been

unable to prove that knocked-down Curtiss aeroplanes were being shipped to England and assembled

there with the incorporation of a double acting

aileron control.

E. E. Winkley Vs. Orville & Wilbur Wright

Brief for Wright & Wright. In the United States Patent

Office. Consolidated Interference No. 32,042 Flying

Machines. Springfield, Ohio: The Young & Bennett

Printers, [1912], 10 pp. 

Submitted, May 1912, in an interference which

was declared on August 12, 1910, by the

Commissioner of Patents in an action by Erastus E.

Winkley, an inventor, who developed an automatic

control for sewing machines and conceived the idea

that this control could be applied to the regulation of

flying machine wings and claimed its disclosure at

an earlier date than that of the Wrights. 

A decision by the examiner of interference,

August 7, 1912, awarding priority of invention to the

Wrights. This was appealed but the original decision

was affirmed by the examiner in chief, May 26,

1913. 

Flying Machines, Testimony in Behalf of Wright &

Wright. United States Patent Office Interference No.

32,042. [Interferences Nos. 32,042, 32,302, 32,304,

32,305 and 32,306 Consolidated.] Dayton, Ohio:

[1912], 37 pp., +illus.

Includes depositions taken at Dayton, Ohio,

January 9-10, 1912, of Orville Wright, pp. 7—19, and

of Wilbur Wright, pp. 19—25, with testimony on the

conception of their patent no. 415,105, filed

February 10, 1908, and introducing into the record

several drawings used for their patent application

and correspondence with Katharine Wright and H. A.

Toulmin regarding it.

The Wright Company Vs. Louis Paulhan

Brief for Complainant on Motion for Injunction. In the

United States Circuit Court, Southern District of New

York. [Springfield, Ohio: 1910], 46 pp. 

Submitted in appeal by the Wright Company for

an injunction to restrain Louis Paulhan, French aviator, from using several flying machines, claimed to

infringe the Wright patents, which were imported

into the United States for exhibition purposes.

Exhibit Book [New York: 1910], 113 pp., +illus. 

Compilation of complainant s and defendant s

exhibits, comprising patents, drawings, blueprints,

and photographs relating to points at issue.

Opinion of Judge Hand Granting Preliminary

Injunction in Favor of the Wright Company,

Complainants, against Louis Paulhan, Defendant.

Circuit Court of the United States, Southern District of

New York. [New York: 1910], 15 pp. 

Published also in Federal Reporter, May-June

1910, vol. 177, pp. 261—271 and, together with Judge

88 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Court Records
Hazel s opinion of January 4, 1910, in the Wright

Company Vs. Herring—Curtiss Company suit, New

York: C. C. Burgoyne, 1910, 16 pp. 

Decision rendered February 17, 1910, affirming

earlier decision of Judge Hazel, January 4, 1910.

Brief for Defendant-Appellant. United States Circuit

Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. [New York:

The Evening Post Job Printing Office, 1910], 54 pp. 

Appeal from Judge Hand s order of February 24

granting preliminary injunction to the Wrights

restraining Paulhan from importing, exhibiting and

using Farman and Bleriot machines, alleged to

infringe the original Wright patent.

Brief for Complainant-Appellee, and Abstract of

Evidence, on Appeal from an Order Granting a

Preliminary Injunction. United States Circuit Court of

Appeals, for the Second Circuit. [Springfield, Ohio:

1910], 69 pp. 

Submitted May 1910. Quotes from testimony of

Wilbur Wright, pp. 3, 21—22, 26—29, 32—34, 40—41,

and that of Orville Wright, pp. 36—37. 

Transcript of Record. Appeal to the Circuit Court of the

United States for the Southern District of New York.

[New York: 1910], 427 pp. 

Includes affidavits of Wilbur Wright, January 6,

1910, pp. 21—24, January 22, pp. 25—27, February 5,

pp. 256—292, March 15, pp. 360—370, March 16, pp.

391—395, and March 23, pp. 396—398, and that of

Orville Wright, January 5, pp. 17—20.

[Opinion of Lacombe, Ward, and Hayes, Circuit Court

Judges, June 14, 1910.] In Federal Reporter, Sept.-Oct.

1910, vol. 180, p. 112.

Reverses earlier order for a preliminary injunction.

Defendant s Record. In Equity, No. 6611. The United

States District Court, Southern District of Ohio,

Western Division. Springfield, Ohio: The Young &

Bennett Co., Printers [1913], 153 pp. 

Records, 1910-1912, in a suit filed by Charles H.

Lamson against the Wright Company for alleged

infringement of his kite patent no. 666,427, issued

January 22, 1901. Includes deposition of Wilbur

Wright, taken at Dayton, Ohio, March 30-April 2, 3,

4, 1912, pp. 13—76, and deposition of Orville Wright,

April 5, pp. 77—90, telling of their early experiments,

particularly their kite experiments in 1899.

The Wright Company Vs. 

Claude Grahame—White

Bill of Complaint. In Equity on Letters Patent no.

821,393. In the United States Circuit Court, Southern

District of New York. [New York: 1910], 10 pp. [typescript] 

Filed November 29, 1910, in suit for $29,000 for

infringement and accounting by reason of defendant s

use of Farman and Bleriot machines in the United

States. These machines were alleged to infringe the

Wright patent. A judgment of $1,700 for the complainant was decreed January 24, 1912. 

Answer. In Equity on Letters Patent no. 821,393. In the

United States Circuit Court, Southern District of New

York. [New York: 1911], 11 pp. [typescript]

Filed February 6, 1911.

Testimony on Behalf of Complainant. In Equity on

Letters Patent no. 821,393. In the United States Circuit

Court, Southern District of New York. [New York:

1911], 69 pp. [typescript]

Includes testimony of William J. Hammer, consulting engineer, and of James W. See, mechanical engineer, taken February 13 and 15 at the office of H. A.

Toulmin, Dayton, Ohio.

Brief for Complainant on Final Hearing. In the United

States Circuit Court, Southern District of New York.

[New York: 1911], 32 pp. 

Submitted November 1911. The court ordered that

printing of records in this action be dispensed with

October 19, 1911.

Complaint. In the United States Circuit Court, Southern

District of New York. [New York: 1911], 6 pp. [typescript]

Filed December 11, 1911.

Answer. United States District Court, Southern District

of New York. [New York: 1912], 10 pp. [typescript]

Filed January 25, 1912.

Answer to Amended Complaint. United States District

Court, Southern District of New York. [New York:

1912], 10 pp. [typescript]

Filed January 25, 1912.

A Bibliography 89

Court Records
The Wright Company Vs. 

Aero Corporation Limited

Wright Co. Vs. Aero Corporation, Limited. New York

Supplement, April 10-May 22, 1911, vol. 128, pp.

726—727.

Decision denying motion for an injunction in suit

brought December 6, 1910, by the Wright Company

to recover $15,000 from the Aero Corporation, Ltd.,

which managed the Belmont Park Meet in

September-October, 1910. It was dismissed by

Justice Cohalan of the New York Supreme Court,

January 19, 1912, on grounds that the Wrights had

insufficient cause for action.

Case on Appeal. Supreme Court, Appellate Division

First Department. [New York]: Press of Fremont

Payne, [1912], 163 pp. 

The record and case were filed in the Appellate

Division, New York State Supreme Court, March 25,

1912. Includes direct and cross examination of

Wilbur Wright, January 15, 1912, pp. 30—36,

102—103, and 111—118, as well as plaintiff s exhibits

consisting of the agreements entered into and correspondence relating thereto.

Appellant s Points. Supreme Court. Appellate

Division First Department. [New York]: Press of

Fremont Payne, [1912], 36 pp.

Appellant s Points in Reply. Supreme Court, Appellate

Division First Department. [New York]: Press of

Fremont Payne, [1912], 10 pp. 

The motion was denied and this judgment later

was affirmed with costs.

Regina Cleary Montgomery, et al. Vs. 

The United States

Evidence for Defendant. Court of Claims of the United

States, No. 33,852. [Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1923], pp. 607—858. 

Suit for infringement filed against the

Government of the United States by the heirs of John

J. Montgomery, original owner of patent no.

831,173, granted September 18, 1906. The decision

was against the heirs and the petition ordered dismissed, May 28, 1928. 

Includes depositions of Orville Wright, taken at

Dayton, Ohio, January 13, 1920, pp. 651—691, 857,

and on February 2, 1921, pp. 694—714.

Corroborating depositions by Spratt, Fansher,

Meyer, Taylor, Westcott, and Dough, covering the

prior development work of the Wright brothers, were

also submitted and included. 

Exhibit Book. Defendant s Wright Exhibits. [Exhibits

Nos. 1-40.] Court of Claims, no. 33,852. [Washington,

D.C.: 1920-21, 140 pp.], +illus. 

Includes photographs of the Wright kite 1899, the

1901 and 1902 gliders, and the 1903 and 1904 aeroplanes, facsimiles of Octave Chanute and G. A.

Spratt and Spratt-Wright correspondence, 1899-

1907, and other data relating to their early experiments.

In the Court of Claims of the United States. No. 33852.

Defendant s Brief. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1926, pp. xvi, 1067—1621.

Includes work of Wright brothers in accomplishing flight, pp. 1170—1193, Wrights use of curved

wings, pp. 1284—1324, two-rudder control used by

Wrights in 1902, pp. 1463—1469, and plaintiffs

argument in the Wright patent, pp. 1538—1546.

Regina Cleary Montgomery, et al. Vs.

Wright—Martin Aircraft Corporation

[Deposition and Cross Examination of Orville Wright

on Behalf of Defendant. Dayton, Ohio: January 13,

1920, 78 pp.] [typescript]

Deposition submitted in suit filed contemporaneously with that above in the Court of Claims.

Depositions were taken jointly in the two cases and

these are identical with those cited in the preceding

case. On plaintiffs motion of June 6, 1921, the suit

was dismissed by Judge Learned Hand, June 25,

1921. 

[Deposition and Cross Examination of Orville Wright

in Behalf of Defendant. Dayton, Ohio: February 2,

1921, 34 pp.] [typescript]

Identical testimony to that presented in the case of

Regina Cleary Montgomery, et al. Vs. The United

States above.

[Deposition and Cross Examination of Charles Edward

Taylor. Dayton, Ohio: February 2, 1921, 11 pp.] [typescript]

Testimony about Taylor s activities as Wright

mechanic, 1901-1905.

90 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Court Records
Wright Aeronautical Corporation Vs.

Handley Page, Limited, 

Aircraft Disposal Company, Limited, 

and William H. Workman

Brief for Plaintiff on Motion for Preliminary Injunction.

In Equity No. 19-16. On Wright Patent No. 821,393.

United States District Court, Southern District of New

York. New York: The Evening Post Job Printing Office,

[1920], 40 pp. 

Submitted December 3, 1920, in suit for infringement of the original Wright patent no. 821,393. Has

extensive references to the Wright Company and

quotes from affidavit of Orville Wright, pp. 7—8,

12—14, on its organization and on the British Wright

Company.

George Francis Myers Vs. 

The United States

George Francis Myers Vs. The United States. In the

Court of Claims of the United States No. C-700

(Decided December 5, 1938). [Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1938], 35 pp., +illus. 

Decision against the plaintiff in a suit brought June

2, 1923, against the United States Government by

George Francis Myers alleging infringement of his

patent no. 1,226,985 for a flying machine, granted

May 22, 1917. This was granted on his application of

September 20, 1905, which the plaintiff asserted was

a continuation in part of his earlier application of

January 29, 1897. 

[Deposition of Orville Wright for Defendant. Dayton,

Ohio: October 28, 1925], 52 pp. [typescript]

Deposition of Orville Wright. [Dayton, Ohio: February

28, 1927], 23 pp. [typescript]

Deposition of Orville Wright. [Dayton, Ohio: October

14, 1935], 13 pp. [typescript]

His Majesty, the King, Plaintiff, and Myers Canadian

Aircraft Company, Ltd., et al, Defendants. Canada Law

Reports (Exchequer Court), 1931, pp. 146—158.

Judgment May 18, 1931, for plaintiff in action instituted October 1930, to annul Myers patents nos.

146,917 and 187,882. Quotes from testimony of

Orville Wright on Myers United States patent no.

1,226,985, pp. 157—158.

[Deposition and Cross Examination of Orville Wright.

Dayton, Ohio: October 9-10, 1930, 51 pp.] [typescript]

Extensive testimony on the early Wright experiments and early Wright aeroplanes.

Published References to Patents 

and Patent Suits

Cl ry, A. Derniers perfectionnements connus des

machines volantes Wright. L A rophile, Jan. 1906, vol.

14, pp. 23—26, +illus. 

Based largely on specifications of Wright French

patent no. 342,188, published September 1, 1904. 

The American Flying-Machine Patented in England.

Illustrated London News, Jan. 25, 1908, pp. 136—137.

Includes drawing by W. B. Robinson from documents in the British Patent Office.

Lucas-Girardville, [P.-N.] Les Brevets des fr res Wright.

Revue d artillerie, Mar. 1908, vol. 71, pp. 400—403,

+illus. 

Discussion and comparison of the French 1904

Wright patent and the two new French Wright patents,

nos. 384,124 and 384,125.

Les plus r cents brevets des Wright. L A rophile, May 1,

1908, vol. 16, pp. 161—168, +illus. 

Reprinting of French patents no. 384,124 and no.

384,125; published March 30, 1908.

Dominik, Hans. Die Patent der Gebruder Wright. Der

Motorwagen, May 31, 1908, June 10, 1908, vol. 11, pp.

397—398, 424—427.

I brevetti Wright. Bollettino della Societ Aeronautica

Italiana, July 1908, vol. 5, pp. 252—253.

Italian translation of Captain Ferber s letter to

Georges Besancon originally published in

L A rophile, July 1, 1908. 

Ferber, Louis F. Que valent des brevets Wright?

L A rophile, July 1, 1908, vol. 16, pp. 252—253.

Letter of June 22, 1908, addressed to the director,

Georges Besancon, commenting on French patents.

Les brevets des fr res Wright. L A ro-Mecanique, Oct. 10,

1908, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 1—2, Nov. 10, no. 4, pp. 2—3, +illus. 

R sum of Wright Belgian patents.

A Bibliography 91

Court Records
British Patent Specifications. 24077. Flight, Mar. 20,

1909, vol. 1, p. 168.

Abstract of British patent granted March 4, 1909.

Wright Brothers New British Patent. Aeronautics, New

York, Apr. 1909, vol. 4, pp. 141—142, +illus. 

Based on specifications of British patent no.

24076 applied for November 10, 1908, and granted

March 4, 1909. 

Il nuovo brevetto dei fratelli Wright. Bollettino della

Societa Aeronautica Italiana, vol. 6, no. 5, 1909, pp.

182—183, +illus.

Wrights British Patents. Flight, May 1, 1909, vol. 1, pp.

249—250, +illus. 

Abstract of Wright British patent no. 24076.

Ein neues Wright-Patent. Flugsport, May 21, 1909, vol.

1, pp. 299—300, +illus. 

Brief note on Wright British patent.

A New Wright Patent. Aero, London, May 25, 1909, vol.

1, p. 16.

Abridgement of Wright British patent no. 24076.

The Validity of the Wright Patents. Mr. S. F. Cody s

Claim as Prior User Considered. Aero, London, June 15,

1909, vol. 1, p. 61.

Cody claimed that a machine employing automatic

stability was commenced by him in October 1907, a

month before the Wright patents were filed.

Latest Wright Patent. Aeronautics, New York, July 1909,

vol. 5, pp. 7—8, 39—40, +illus. 

Abstract of British Wright patent no. 24076.

Wrights Patent Automatic Stability. Flight, July 10,

1909, vol. 1, pp. 406—407, +illus. 

Abstract of British Wright patent no. 2913.

A Patent Fight in America. Flight, Aug. 28, 1909, vol.

1, p. 523.

Announcement of the filing of a bill of complaint

by the Wrights against Glenn H. Curtiss.

The Wright Aeroplane Infringement Suit. Scientific

American, Aug. 28, 1909, vol. 115, p. 138.

Editorial commenting on infringement claims of

the Wrights in their suit against the Aeronautic

Society of New York.

Orville Wright und Wilbur Wright (V.S.A.). Mit

wagerechtem Kopfruder und senkrechtem

Schwanzruder versehener Gleitflieger. Patentiert im

deutschen Reiche von 24 M rz 1904 ab. Flugsport, Sept.

5, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 662—665, +illus. 

Wright German patent no. 173378.

ber die G ltigheit der Wright-Patente. Flugsport, Sept.

5, 1909, vol. 1, p. 661, +illus. 

Includes claim by the Schroter-Motorenfabrik that

it has employed wing warping in its machines for

period of 13 years.

Hill, Thomas A. Status of the Wrights Suit. Aeronautics,

New York, Oct. 1909, vol. 5, pp. 122—123, 164.

Traces actions of the Wrights and Government

patent examiners which led to the granting of Wright

patent no. 821,393, dated May 22, 1906, and gives

Wright claims as set forth in their suit against

Aeronautic Society.

Wright Brothers Bring Suit. Aeronautics, New York,

Oct. 1909, vol. 5, p. 135.

Announcement of filing of suits against the

Aeronautic Society, Herring—Curtiss Co., and Glenn

H. Curtiss. 

The Wrights Legal Action. American Aeronaut, Oct.

1909, vol. 1, pp. 110—112.

Reprints photographs and accounts of Herring s

machine from American Engineer and Railroad

Journal, January 1895, which editor contended contained all principles claimed by the Wrights except

wing warping.

Taris, tienne. La question des brevets Wright. La Revue

aerienne, Oct. 25, 1909, vol. 2, pp. 621—624.

The Wright-Curtiss Suit. Aeronautics, New York, Nov.

1909, vol. 5, pp. 169—172, +illus. 

Abstract of Wright patent specifications.

Armengaud, Jules. A Propos des brevets Wright.

L A rophile, Nov. 15, 1909, vol. 17, p. 515.

S nemaud, Ch. Les Brevets Wright sont-ils valables?

L Aviation illustree, Nov. 15, 1909, vol. 1, no. 35, pp.

5—6, +illus. 

Originally published in L Automobile.

Apitz, J. ber die Bedeutung der deutschen WrightPatente. Flugsport, Nov. 19, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 689—692.

Lecture delivered before the Verein Deutscher

Flugtechniker giving detailed chronological account

of the Wright patent actions, 1904-1905. 

Der Prozess um die Wright-Patente. Flugsport, Nov. 19,

1909, vol. 1, pp. 688—689.

92 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Court Records
Note on Wright suits brought against the

Aeronautic Society and against Glenn H. Curtiss.

The Wright Patents. Aero, London, Dec. 1909, vol. 1, p.

544.

Quotes from New York correspondent of the Daily

Telegram on the Curtiss case.

Die W rdigung der Wright-Patente durch die

Flugtechnische Gesellschaft. Die Luftflotte, Dec. 1909,

vol. 1, pp. 7—8.

Based on lecture by John Rozendaal, November 25,

before the Automobil- und Flugtechnische

Gesellschaft, Berlin.

ber die G ltigheit des Wright-Patentes. Flugsport,

Dec. 3, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 716—719.

Summary of Rozendaal lecture.

Noalhat, Henri. Stabilit Automatique des a roplanes.

Analyse du brevet Wright. L A ronaute, Dec. 11, 1909,

vol. 42, pp. 133—137, +illus.

Die Wurdigung der Wright-patente durch

dieFlugtechnische Gesellschaft. Illustrierte

Aeronautische Mitteilungen, Dec. 15, 1909, vol. 15, pp.

1125—1129.

Discussion of Wright patent no. 173,378.

Rozendaal, John. Das deutsche Reichspatent der

Gebr der Wright. Der Motorwagen, Dec. 31, 1909, vol.

12, pp. 918—925, +illus. 

Discussion, pp. 932, 934.

Address before the Automobil- und Flugtechnische

Gesellschaft, Berlin, November 25, 1909. Includes

comments on the Wright patent by Bl riot, Farman

brothers, Kress, Nimf hr, and Wels. 

The 1904 Wright Patent. Flight, Jan. 22, 1910, vol. 2, p.

55, +illus. 

From Automotor Journal.

R sum of British Wright patent no. 6732.

Court Gives Wrights Injunction. Aeronautics, Feb. 1910,

vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 63—68, +illus. 

Injunction granted January 3, restraining Herring—

Curtiss Company and Glenn H. Curtiss from manufacturing, selling, or using for exhibition purposes the

Curtiss aeroplanes. Includes extracts from briefs.

The Wright Injunction. Scientific American Supplement,

Feb. 19-26, 1910, vol. 69, pp. 122—123, 135.

Extracts from the court s opinion and briefs.

Apitz, J. Bewertung des deutschen Wright-Patentes.

Zeitschrift f r Flugtechnik, Feb. 26, May 10, June 11,

1910, vol. 1, pp. 39—41, 109—111, 135—136.

Expansion of a lecture delivered before the Verein

Deutscher Flugtechniker in Berlin.

Wright—Paulhan Suit. Aeronautics, New York, Mar.

1910, vol. 5, pp. 94—95.

Summarizes points at issue and quotes from affidavits in case which was decided February 17, in

favor of the Wrights, by decision of Judge Hand. 

Wright Brothers and Their Patents. Flight, Mar. 5, 1910,

vol. 2, p. 164.

Wright Vs. Paulhan. Extracts from Affidavits and Judge

Hand s Decision in the Case of the Farman and Bleriot

Aeroplanes. Scientific American Supplement, Mar. 19-

26, 1910, vol. 69, pp. 182—183, 198.

From Judge Hand s decision rendered February 17

in the United States Circuit Court, Southern District of

New York.

Campbell-Wood, George F. The Wright—Paulhan

Conflict. Aircraft, Apr. 1910, vol. 1, pp. 50—55, +illus. 

Summary of points at issue.

Ludlow, Israel. Criticism of the Court s Decision of

February 17th in the Wright—Paulhan Suit. Aircraft, Apr.

1910, vol. 1, p. 75.

Counsel for Paulhan cites ten errors which he

believes justify an appeal from the decision.

Paulhan, Louis. The Wrights Contentions Groundless.

Aircraft, Apr. 1910, vol. 1, p. 75.

Brief statement on the operating principles of the

Bl riot and Farman aeroplanes used by the author.

Toulmin, Harry A. Attacks on the Wright Brothers

Wholly Unjustified. Aircraft, Apr. 1910, vol. 1, pp.

93—94.

Statement by counsel of the Wrights.

Wright—Paulhan Opinion. Aeronautics, New York, Apr.

1910, vol. 6, pp. 144—146.

Excerpts from the opinion of Judge Hand handed

down February 17.

The Great Wright Lawsuits in America. Flight, Apr. 16,

1910, vol. 2, pp. 284—285, +illus.

Statement on principal points at issue.

A.C.A. Recognizes Wright Patent. Aeronautics, May

1910, vol. 6, p. 173.

Report on conference between Wilbur Wright and

Andrew Freedman, representing the Wright Company,

A Bibliography 93

Court Records
and an Aero Club of America committee at which an

agreement was reached that the Aero Club recognize

the Wright patent.

A Letter from Cl ment Ader. Aircraft, May 1910, vol. 1,

pp. 100—101.

Letter of Ader, March 21, 1910, to Israel Ludlow

denying statements made by Wilbur Wright in the

Wright—Paulhan lawsuit about the Ader machine and

its purported flights in 1897.

Ludlow, Israel. The Wright Company Is a Menace to the

Development of Aviation. Aircraft, May 1910, vol. 1, pp.

94—95.

Author contends that the newly incorporated

Wright Company constitutes a possible monopoly.

Les brevets Wright et les preuves d aviation en

Am rique. L A rophile, May 1, 1910, vol. 18, p. 210.

Gibson, Hugo C. The Wright and Selden Patents a

Comparison. Aircraft, June 1910, vol. 1, p. 144.

Advocates a low license fee for all aircraft infringing the Wright patent.

Hanna, John G. The Wright Company Is an Incentive to

the Development of Aviation. Aircraft, June 1910, vol. 1,

pp. 151—152.

Author contends that the Wright patent is valid and

that the patentees are titled to all its benefits.

Letters from Sir Hiram Maxim, Bl riot, and Esnault

Pelterie. Aircraft, June 1910, vol. 1, p. 138.

Response to editor s request for their views on

Wright patents.

Bird-Men Versus Bird-Men. Law Notes, July 1910, vol.

14, pp. 62—63.

Editorial.

Lamson Vs. Wright Suit. Aeronautics, New York, July

1910, vol. 7, pp. 21—22.

Abstract: Flight, July 9, 1910, vol. 2, p. 527.

Announces the filing by Charles H. Lamson of an

appeal for an injunction against the Wright Company

and Wilbur and Orville Wright for alleged infringement of his kite patent no. 666,427, issued January 22,

1901. 

Rummler, William R. The Wright Suits; Some

Conclusions to be Drawn. Aircraft, July 1910, vol. 1, pp.

188—189.

Wright Injunction Vacated. Aeronautics, New York, July

1910, vol. 7, p. 21.

Reports that the injunction granted by Judge Hazel

has been set aside by the United States Circuit Court

of Appeals, June 14, 1910. 

Wright Patents Litigation. Flight, July 9, 1910, vol. 2, p.

527.

Statement on current status of patent litigation.

Wright Suits. Aeronautics, New York, Aug. 1910, vol. 7,

p. 60.

Report of denial of the United States Circuit Court

of Appeals, June 30, of a Wright Company motion

asking that the Curtiss Company put up a bond to protect the Wright Company against loss in the event of

their winning the patent suit.

A Simple Explanation of the Principles Involved in the

Wright Patent Suit. Scientific American, Aug. 13, 1910,

vol. 117, pp. 128—129, +illus.

The Patent Bugaboo. Aero, St. Louis, Nov. 19, 1910, vol.

1, no. 7, p. 12.

Wright Suits. Aeronautics, New York, Apr. 1911, vol. 8,

p. 120.

The Present Status of the Wright Patents. Aero, New

York, Apr. 15, 1911, vol. 2, no. 2, p. 45.

Imbrecq, J. Le Proc s des brevets Wright, les jugements.

L A rophile, May 15, 1911, vol. 19, pp. 227—228.

Decision rendered April 29, 1911, by the French

Third Civil Tribunal. Although technically the judgment was rendered in favor of the Compagnie

G n rale de Navigation A rienne, French concessionaire of the Wright patents, the final decision was withheld pending presentation of evidence by MM.

L aut , Renard, and Deprez purporting to prove that

the Wrights were not the first to use the principles

covered by their patents. The action against SantosDumont was dismissed on the ground that he constructed aeroplanes for his own use and did not

infringe the patent law.

Translation by Buel H. Green with title The

Wright Patent Suit Decisions, Aviation, June 1911,

vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 28—32. 

The Wright Infringement Suit in France. Scientific

American, June 17, 1911, vol. 118, p. 601.

Digest of French court decision of April 29 above.

French Court Favors Wrights. Aeronautics, New York,

July 1911, vol. 9, pp. 12—13.

Summary of French court decision of April 29.

94 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Court Records
Wright Company to Start Wholesale Suits. Aeronautics,

New York, Aug. 1911, p. 57.

Includes statement of Frank H. Russell, manager of

the Wright Company.

Wholesale Litigation by the Wright Company in

America. Aeronautics, London, Sept. 1911, vol. 4, p.

176.

Wrights Sue Grahame—White. Aero, St. Louis, Dec. 23,

1911, vol. 3, p. 234.

Suits served by Wrights to restrain Grahame—White

from flying in the United States and to compel him to

render an account of his profits.

Brevet d invention. Revue juridique internationale de la

locomotion a rienne, Dec. 23, 1911, vol. 2, pp. 260—264,

+illus. 

Text of Wright French patent no. 342,188.

Lorisson, Jacques. Le brevet Wright, La Revue de l aviation et des sports, Jan. 1912, vol. 7, pp. 2—3.

Based on statements of Andr Henry-Co annier.

Wright Company Loses a Suit. Aero, St. Louis, Feb. 3,

1912, vol. 3, p. 361.

Dismissal by Justice Cohalan of New York

Supreme Court, of suit brought by the Wright

Company to recover $15,000 from the Aero

Corporation, Ltd., which managed the Belmont Park

Meet in September 1910.

Wright Suit in Germany. Aeronautics, New York, Mar.

1912, vol. 10, p. 100.

Published also in Aero, London, Mar. 23, 1912, vol.

3, p. 499; Scientific American, Mar. 30, 1912, vol.

106, p. 287; Fly Magazine, Apr. 1912, vol. 4, no. 6, p.

10; Flight, Apr. 6, 1912, vol. 4, p. 305. 

Wilbur Wright s letter of March 19 to the editor on

the recent decision of the German Patent Office,

February 22, nullifying the main claim of the German

Wright patent, because of disclosures of the Wright

system of control made before the filing of the Wright

patent application in Germany. The disclosures cited

were those contained in a report of a speech of Octave

Chanute published in L A ronaute, May 1903, and by

Wilbur Wright in his 1901 address before the Western

Society of Engineers, a synopsis of which appeared in

Automotor, February-March 1902.

Wrights Refuse to Make Concessions. Aero, St. Louis,

Mar. 30, 1912, vol. 3, p. 514.

Note on refusal to permit participants in GordonBennett Cup Race to engage in money-making exhibition flying.

Myers, Denys P. The Patent Situation. Aircraft, Apr.

1912, vol. 3, pp. 40, 48.

Analyzes Wright patent decisions to date and cites

need for clear definition of privileges deriving from

original Wright patent.

Quirk, James R. Those Wright Patents. Popular

Mechanics, Apr. 1912, vol. 17, pp. 494—495.

Ludlow, Israel. The Wright Patent Situation. Aero Club

of America Bulletin, July 1912, vol. 1, no. 6, p. 14.

Author states his belief that court decision will be a

fair and just one.

Hayward, Charles B. Wright Patents in American and

Foreign Courts. In his Practical Aeronautics, Chicago:

American School of Correspondence, 1912, pp. 505—524.

Extensive summary of patent developments and

status as of January 1912.

Jackman, William J., and Russell, Thomas J. Amateurs

May Use Wright Patents. In their Flying Machines;

Construction and Operation, Chicago: Charles C.

Thompson Co., 1912, pp. 205—212.

Quotes from Judge Hand s 1910 injunction statement and the Wrights statement on the use of their

control system.

Les Brevets Wright en Allemagne. Instance en nullit du

brevet allemand O. et W. Wright no. 173,378 intent e

devant le Patentamt Imp rial de Berlin par un consortium de constructeurs francais. Jugement rendu le 22

f vrier 1912 par la Section des Annulations. Revue

juridique internationale de la locomotion aerienne,

1913, vol. 4, pp. 97—104.

Translation of German patent decision rendered

February 22, 1912. 

Bruneval Les brevets Wright. La Revue de l aviation, de

l automobile et des sports, Mar. 1913, vol. 8, p. 6.

Burridge, Lee S. Some Light on the Patent Situation.

Aeronautics, New York, Mar. 1913, vol. 12, pp. 91—92.

Court of Public Opinion. Aeronautics, New York, Mar.

1913, vol. 12, pp. 90—91.

Includes chronological history of the Wright suits

and comments on the court decision of February 27 by

Captain Thomas S. Baldwin, Thomas W. Benoist,

Alan R. Hawley, and the Curtiss Aeroplane Company. 

Merrill, Albert Adams. Wright Versus Curtiss.

Aeronautics, New York, Mar. 1913, vol. 12, pp. 93, 106.

Author attempts to differentiate Wright and Curtiss

control systems.

A Bibliography 95

Court Records
Wright—Curtiss Litigation. Aeronautics, New York, Mar.

1913, vol. 12, pp. 85—89.

Quotes from opinion of court handed down

February 27, 1913.

Wright vor dem Reichsgerichte in Berlin. Fachzeitung

f r Automobilismus und Flugtechnik, Mar. 2, 1913, vol.

7, p. 20.

German decision of February 26, 1913.

Another Decision Rendered in Wright Suit. Aero and

Hydro, Mar. 8, 1913, vol. 5, pp. 417—418.

Judge John R. Hazel s decision of February 27,

granting decree sought by Wrights.

German Court Favors Wright Patents. Aero and Hydro,

Mar. 8, 1913, vol. 5, p. 419.

Quotes from telegram sent from Leipzig by Orville

Wright.

The Wright Patent Litigation Abroad. Flight, Mar. 15,

1913, vol. 5, p. 300.

Quotes from statement by Orville Wright, March 7,

to a representative of the Paris edition of the New York

Herald and from an interview with Griffith Brewer.

The Decision in the Wright Aeroplane Patent Case.

Scientific American, Mar. 22, 1913, vol. 108, p. 273.

Judge Hazel s decision on February 27 in the

District Court of the United States for the Western

District of New York upholding the Wright patents.

Curtiss, Greely S. On the Wright Patent Decision.

Aeronautics, New York, Apr. 1913, vol. 12, p. 133.

American and foreign reaction to recent decisions.

Myers, Denys P. The Wright—Curtiss Decision. Aircraft,

Apr. 1913, vol. 4, pp. 34—35.

The Wright Patents. Aeronautics, London, Apr. 1913,

vol. 6, p. 155.

Brief r sum of court proceedings in France,

Germany, and the United States.

The Wrights Patent. Flying, Apr. 1913, vol. 2, no. 3, pp.

19—20.

The Wright Patent Suit Decided. Flying, Apr. 1913, vol.

2, no. 3, pp. 28—32.

Text of opinion rendered February 27 by Judge

Hazel.

Wrights Victorious in Courts at Home and Abroad;

Judge Hazel Sustains Infringement Suit against Curtiss.

Fly Magazine, Apr. 1913, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 16—18, 22.

Les Brevets Wright et l industrie francaise. La Conqu te

de l air, Apr. 15, 1913, vol. 10, p. 134.

Decisions on the Wright Aeroplane Patents. Popular

Mechanics, July 1913, vol. 20, pp. 64—65.

Brief statement by Orville Wright commenting on

decisions on Wright patents in Germany, France, and

the United States.

Wright Automatic Stability System. Aeronautics, New

York, Oct. 1913, vol. 13, pp. 138—139, 142, +illus.

Wright patent no. 1,075,533, filed February 10,

1908, and granted October 14, 1913.

Les Brevets Wright. L A rophile, Dec. 1, 1913, vol. 21,

pp. 537—538.

Brief summary of patent decisions to date.

The Legal Triumph of the Wrights. Scientific American,

Jan. 24, 1914, vol. 90, p. 76.

Editorial comment on the court decision of January

13 in favor of the Wrights in their infringement suit.

Wright—Curtiss Litigation Ended. Aeronautics, New

York, Jan. 31, 1914, vol. 14, p. 21.

Opinion of Judges Lacombe, Coxe, and Ward handed down January 13.

The Wright—Curtiss Decision. Aircraft, Feb. 1914, vol.

4, pp. 262—263.

Decision of January 13.

The Wright Patents: American Courts Decision.

Aeronautics, London, Feb. 1914, vol. 7, pp. 48—49.

Wright Patent Situation. Aeronautics, New York, Feb.

28, 1914, vol. 14, p. 57.

Speculation on effects of court decision of Jan. 13.

The Army and the Wright Patent. Aeronautics, New

York, Mar. 15, 1914, vol. 14, p. 74.

The Wright Patents in America. Flight, Apr. 18, 1914,

vol. 6, p. 403.

Editorial comment.

Curtiss, Glenn H. The Wright Patents. Flight, May 22,

1914, vol. 6, p. 558.

Letter to the editor.

. The Wright Patents Decision. Aeronautics,

London, June 1914, vol. 7, p. 186.

The Wright Patents and the Aeroplane Industry.

Aeroplane, Oct. 14, 1914, vol. 7, p. 331.

96 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Court Records
Editorial comment on the acceptance by the British

Wright Company of a settlement of £15,000 from

British War Office in lieu of the original £25,000

asked for the use of the Wright patent.

Wright Company Starts New Infringement Suit.

Aeronautics, Oct. 15, 1914, vol. 15, p. 100.

Suit filed November 15, 1914, against the Curtiss

Aeroplane Company.

The Wright Patent and the British Government. Flight,

Oct. 16, 1914, vol. 6, p. 1032.

Announces settlement price of £15,000 by British

government for the use of Wright patents.

G[rey], C. G. On the Wright Patents and the Aircraft

Industry. An Official Pronouncement. Aeroplane Oct. 4,

1916, vol. 10, pp. 581—583.

Includes letter from Griffith Brewer setting forth

official policy of the British Wright Company.

The Wright Patents. Flight, Oct. 12, 1916, vol. 8, p. 872.

Martin, James V. Clear Statement of the Bearing of the

Martin Aerodynamic Stabilizer on the Wright Patent

Infringement Controversy. Flying, Feb. 1917, vol. 6, p. 19.

Author claims that his principle of lateral stability

is unlike that of the Wrights.

The Wright Patent in Congress. Aerial Age Weekly, Feb.

26, 1917, vol. 4, pp. 689—691.

Reprinted from Congressional Record, Feb. 6,

1917, vol. 54, pp. 2701—2703.

Discussion of Government purchasing of aircraft

and possible purchase by the Government of the basic

Wright patent.

Validity of Wright Patents Again Attacked. Aircraft,

Nov. 1917, vol. 7, pp. 152—153.

Announcement of the filing of a suit September 24

by the heirs of John J. Montgomery against the

Wright—Martin Aircraft Corporation.

Wright Patent Expires This Year. Aerial Age, Mar. 1923,

vol. 16, pp. 139, 142.

States Wright patent will expire May 22, 1923.

Wright Patent Expiration and the Manufacturers

Association. Aerial Age, Apr. 1923, vol. 16, p. 188.

Further discussion of implications of the expiration

of the Wright patent.

Specifications of the Wright Patents, Filed March 23rd,

1903. Aero Digest, Dec. 1928, vol. 13, pp. 1111—1112,

+illus.

Watter, Michael. Modern Significance of the Wright

Patent. Aero Digest, Dec. 1928, vol. 13, pp. 1110—1111,

1284.

Black, Archibald. The Patent Suits. In his The Story of

Flying, New York: McGraw—Hill Book Company, Inc.,

1940, pp. 92—98.

Published also in revised 1943 edition.

Brief r sum of the Wright patent suits.

Kelly, Fred C. Patent Suits. In his The Wright Brothers,

New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company, 1943, pp.

287—299.

Summary of principal patent suits and issues.

Worrel, Rodney K. Wright Brothers Pioneer Patent.

American Bar Association Journal, Oct. 1979, vol. 65,

pp. 1512—1518.

The author discusses how much easier it was to

invent a flying machine than to patent it. After three

years of numerous attempts and rejections, the Wright

brothers were finally issued a patent on May 22, 1906.

It wasn t until 1908 that they finally had public recognition.

Trial of the Wright Brothers for Procurement Fraud:

Tuesday, August 8, 1995, Chicago, Illinois. Chicago,

Illinios: American Bar Association, 1995, 1 volume (various pagings). 

A mock trial; a Presidential Showcase Program

presented at the 1995 Annual Meeting of the

American Bar Association, Section of Public Contract

Law, based on the historic incident of the Wright

brothers agreeing to sell the U.S. government a heavier-than-air flying machine for $25,000. 

Wright Companies and Schools

Wright a fini! La Revue de l aviation, Oct. 1908, vol. 3,

no. 23, 1 p. supplement following p. 6.

Reports that Wilbur Wright has completed tests of

the Wright aeroplane and fulfilled conditions of the

contract signed with Lazare Weiller for the formation

of a French Wright company to be known as La

Compagnie G n rale de Navigation A rienne.

Wright Aeroplanes in Germany. Aeronautics, London,

June 1909, vol. 2, p. 67.

Announces formation of the Flugmaschine Wright

G. m. b.H. which acquired the Wright German patents

and the rights for manufacture of the Wright aeroplanes in Germany as well as sales rights for Sweden,

Norway, Denmark, Luxemburg, and Turkey. 

A Bibliography 97

Wright Companies and Schools
Flugmaschine Wright G. m. b. H. Berlin: [Vereinigte

Verlagsanstalten G. Braunbeck & Gutenberg-Druckerei

Aktiengesellschaft, 1909] 12 pp., +illus. 

Descriptive brochure issued by the Flugmaschine

Wright G. m. b. H. giving details on the formation of

the company and the Wright aeroplane and its performance.

Satzungen der Flugmaschine Wright Gesellschaft m. b.

H. Berlin: Vereinigte Verlagsanstallten Gustav

Braunbeck & Gutenberg-Druckerei Aktiengesellschaft

[1909], 16 pp.

List of the board of directors, including Orville

Wright, and statutes of the newly organized company.

Flugmaschine Wright—Gesellschaft. Beteiligung an

Schau-und Wettfliegen 1910. Berlin: 1910, 12 pp., +illus. 

Gives details on the manufacture of the Wright

machine and conditions for use of machines for exhibition purposes.

Flugmaschine Wright—Gesellschaft, m. b. H. WrightAeroplan. [Berlin: Hofdruckerei Gebr. Radetzki, 1910],

25 pp., +illus. 

English translation of German edition above.

Wrights Form $1,000,000 Company. Aeronautics, New

York, Jan. 1910, vol. 6, p. 11.

Statement of incorporation of the Wright Company,

November 22, 1909, for the purpose of manufacturing

and trading in flying machines.

Flying-Machine Manufacture. Scientific American, Jan.

1, 1910, vol. 116, p. 8.

Brief mention of formation of the Flugmaschine

Wright, G. m. b. H. in Germany.

Leo. Wright Company. Vozdukhoplavatel , Feb. 1910,

vol. 5, pp. 179—181.

Wrights Form Exhibition Co. Aeronautics, New York,

Apr. 1910, vol. 6, p. 127.

Brief note on formation of the Aeroplane

Exhibition Co., exclusive licensee under the Wright

brothers patents, with Roy Knabenshue as manager.

The Wrights and the Gordon-Bennett Cup. Flight, Apr.

30, 1910, vol. 2, p. 329.

Reproduces Wright letter of April 8, 1910, agreeing

not to take any legal action against aeroplanes imported into the United States solely for this competition.

Ludlow, Israel. The Wright Company Is a Menace to

the Development of Aviation, Aircraft, May 1910, vol.

1, pp. 94—95.

Counsel for the French aviator, Louis Paulhan,

challenges right of Wrights to demand licensing of

pilots for exhibition flights using machines infringing

on their patent rights.

Ein Besuch in den Werkstatten der Wr i g h t

Flugmaschinen Gesellschaft. Umschau, May 31, 1910,

vol. 14, pp. 413—415, +illus. 

Includes interior views of German Wright factory.

Aero Club of America Agreement Signed between the

Club and the Wright Company. Aircraft, June 1910, vol.

1, p. 153.

The Wright Brothers and the Aero Club of America.

Aeronautics, London, June 1910, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 78—79.

Reprints correspondence relating to the agreement

of April 8, between the Wright Company and the Aero

Club of America, by which the latter agrees to sanction meets only through proper arrangements with the

Wrights and includes text of agreement.

Wright School Closed. Flight, July 9, 1910, vol. 2, p.

531.

Announces that the Wright school in Montgomery,

Ala., was closed in May.

Mitchell, John. Earnings of Aviators. Saturday Evening

Post, Oct. 8, 1910, vol. 183, no. 15, pp. 14—15, 32, +illus. 

Includes discussion of Wrights as business men, p.

14.

Aero Club of America. Wright-Aero Club Agreement.

New York: Aero Club of America, 1910, 7 pp.

Agreement relates to foreign participation in a

forthcoming contest for the Gordon-Bennett

International Aviation Trophy scheduled to be held

October 22, 1910. 

The Wright Exhibition Co. Aviation, Jan. 1911, vol. 1,

no. 1, p. 20.

Portraits of Walter Brookins; Roy Knabenshue,

manager; Thomas Jackson, representative; and Phil

Parmelee.

Harrison, George B. Progress of the Wright Brothers.

Aviation, Apr. 1911, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 12—15, +illus. 

Emphasizes the building up and organization of the

Wright Company.

Pupils Learn at Dayton School. Aero, New York, Apr.

15, 1911, vol. 2, p. 40, +illus. 

Account of flight training at Wright Company flying field at Dayton under supervision of J. C. Turpin.

98 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Wright Companies and Schools
Steady Training Continues at Wright School. Aero, New

York, Apr. 22, 1911, vol. 2, p. 59, +illus.

The Wright Flyer. Dayton, Ohio: The Wright Co. [1911],

5 pp., +illus. 

Includes details and illustrations of the Model B,

Model R, and the four-cylinder Wright motor.

Les Wright et la Coupe Gordon-Bennett d aviation.

Schweizer Aero-Club Bulletin, Feb. 1912, vol. 6, p. 42.

Reproduces letter from Wright Company, signed by

Wilbur Wright, granting representatives of foreign

countries right to participate in race for GordonBennett Cup regardless of questions of patent

infringement.

The First Flying Machine Factory in America. Aviation

News, Mar. 23, 1912, vol. 1, no. 5, p. 15.

Reprinted from Toledo Daily Blade, June 4, 1910.

Account of visit to Wright factory in Dayton.

Wrights Win Damage Suit. Aeronautics, New York, July

1912, vol. 11, p. 37.

Decision against complainant, Morris Gorsuch,

who brought suit for $25,000 damages because he suffered a broken arm when a Wright aeroplane crashed

into the grandstand at Asbury Park, August 10, 1910. 

Wright Company. Wright Flyers, [New York: Premier

Press, 1912], 16 pp., +illus. 

Brochure with brief descriptive notes on the company; Models B, C, and D; the four and six-cylinder

engines; the Wright School of Aviation; and a list of

forty-two graduates of the school.

The Wright Company School of Aviation. Dayton, Ohio:

[The Wright Co., 1912], 3 pp., +illus. 

Advertising leaflet giving details on courses of

instruction and rates.

Loening, Grover C. The Wright Aviation School at

Simms Station. Flying, Apr. 1914, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 76,

77, 94, +illus. 

Account of activities for the year 1913.

Wright Licenses Granted. Aeronautics, New York, May

30, 1914, vol. 14, p. 147.

Announces the granting of the first Wright license

for exhibition flying to Lincoln Beachey on May 23.

Wright Buying Up Company s Stock. Aero and Hydro,

June 6, 1914, vol. 8, pp. 118, 124.

Statement of Orville s reasons for the purchase of

outstanding stock.

Wright Licenses Users. Aeronautics, New York, June 15,

1914, vol. 14, no. 11, p. 172.

Announcement relative to the granting of licenses

to users of machines.

Wright Continues Stock Purchases. Aero and Hydro,

June 20, 1914, vol. 8, p. 143.

Confirmation on June 16 by Russell A. Alger of the

sale by the board of directors of the Wright Company

to Orville Wright three weeks ago.

Orville Wright Sells Aeroplane Rights to Syndicate.

Aerial Age Weekly, Oct. 18, 1915, vol. 2, p. 105.

Brief note reporting sale.

The Wright Company Sold to New York Capitalists.

Flying, Nov. 1915, vol. 4, p. 737.

Some details of the sale.

The Wright Organization. Aircraft, Feb. 1916, vol. 6, p.

539.

Details of the sale of the Wright Company with a

statement by C. S. Jennison who arranged the purchase of the Wright Company stock.

The Wright Flying School. New York: Wright Flying

Field, Inc., 1916, [16 pp.], +illus. 

Informational brochure issued for prospective students at the school located at Hempstead Plains Flying

Field, New York.

Flint, Charles R. Early Reminiscences of the Wright

Brothers. Aviation, Dec. 31, 1923, vol. 15, pp. 797—798.

Reprinted from his Memories of an Active Life;

Men and Ships, and Sealing Wax, New York &

London: G. P. Putnam s Sons, 1923, pp. 240—253.

Recollections by a partner of Flint & Co., the

Wrights business representative abroad.

History of the Wright Company. U.S. Air Services, Dec.

1928, vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 34—35.

Brief mention of the original Wright Company.

Ball, Fred S. The Genesis of Maxwell Field at

Montgomery, Alabama. In Maxwell Field, Army Air

Corps, Montgomery, Alabama, 1929, pp. 7—13, +illus. 

Account of early Wright activities at their winter

flying school in 1910 at site of present Maxwell Air

Force Base.

Coffyn, Frank T. Flying As It Was Early Days at the

Wrights School. The Sportsman Pilot, May 15, 1939,

vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 14—15, 30—34, +illus. 

Author s reminiscences of his association with the

Wright Flying School, 1910. 

A Bibliography 99

Wright Companies and Schools
Kelly, Fred C. In Aviation Business. In his The Wright

Brothers, New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company, 1943,

pp. 268—286.

Summary of significant events in the history of the

Wright Company, 1909-1915. 

Brewer, Griffith. The British Wright Company. In his

Fifty Years of Flying, London: Air League of the British

Empire, 1946, pp. 104—107.

Author s account of his participation in formation

of company in 1913.

Pin-Points in the Past. Roundel, May 1957, vol. 9, pp.

28—29, +illus. 

Slightly different version published also in

American Aviation Historical Society Journal, Spring

1963, vol. 8, pp. 40—41, with title Canadians at the

Wright School. 

Deals with Canadians by birth or residence who

were trained at Wright Brothers Field, Dayton, Ohio,

1913-1916, with list of the 41 whose names appear on

a commemorative plaque at the Wilbur and Orville

Wright Memorial in Dayton.

Rubenstein, Murray, and Goldman, Richard M. To Join

with the Eagles: Curtiss—Wright Aircraft, 1903-1965.

Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc.,

1974, 230 pp. 

A history of the Curtiss—Wright Corporation; it

includes mention of the formation of the Wright

Aeronautical Corporation, its merger with other companies, describes Wright engines, the Wright’s use of a

wind tunnel, and lists in an extensive appendix specifications for Wright aircraft beginning with the Wright

Glider No. 1 (1900) to the Wright Model L (1915).

Tribble, Paul. Wright Connection. Alabama Heritage,

Summer 1997, no. 45, pp. 6—15, +illus.

The article describes Orville and Wilbur Wright s

creation and operation of a civilian flying school in

Montgomery, Alabama, in 1910 and 1911; briefly

sketches the history of the school under the direction

of Wright employees until 1916.

Leslie, Stuart W. Bug: Boss Kettering s Cruise

Missile, Timeline, Aug./Sep. 1991, pp. 42—51.

Recounts the effort of the Dayton Wright Airplane

Company, owned by Charles Kettering, Orville

Wright, and group of Dayton businessmen, to produce

a pilotless aircraft for use as a flying bomb. It was

called the Liberty Eagle but was known as the Bug.

This cruise missile was produced in small numbers

but was never used in combat.

Bilstein, Roger E. American Aerospace Industry; From

Workshop to Global Enterprise. New York: Twayne

Publisher, 1996, 280 pp. [Twayne s Evolution of Modern

Business series.]

Includes the Wright brothers especially in chapter

1, The Flamboyant Years, 1900-1919 as well as

the Wright Aeronautical Corporation and the

Curtiss—Wright Corporation. Also provides bibliographical notes, a selected bibliography, and an index. 

Eltscher, Louis R., and Young, Edward M.

Curtiss—Wright: Greatness and Decline. New York:

Twayne Publishers, 1998, 213 pp.

A history of the Curtiss—Wright Corporation and its

predecessors, within the context of industrial aviation,

beginning with the pre—World War I era to 1990.

Bibliographical references, pp. 179—201.

Wright—Smithsonian

Controversy

The Langley Medal. In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1910, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1911, pp. 23—24.

Brief note on awarding of the Langley Medal to the

Wrights. Orville Wright has stated (in Why the 1903

Wright Airplane Is Sent to a British Museum, U.S.

Air Services, March 1928) that the Smithsonian

Institution here misrepresented Wilbur s remarks on

that occasion by attributing to him a statement used in

a different connection at another time, viz, in his letter, November 8, 1906, to Octave Chanute, who quoted it in his Langley Memorial Address of December 3,

1906. 

Original Langley Machine Flies. Aeronautics, New

York, May 30, 1914, vol. 14, pp. 148—150, +illus. 

Describes original Langley machine shipped from

the Smithsonian Institution to Hammondsport, New

York, for testing to determine whether it was capable

of flight. Report states that it was reassembled, fitted

with three pontoons, and flown with the original

engine for a short distance, May 28. 

Curtiss to Test Original Langley Plane. Aero and Hydro,

May 30, 1914, vol. 8, pp. 105—106.

Note on preparations for test flights over Lake

Keuka, Hammondsport, New York

Proves Langley s First Practical Aeroplane. Aero and

Hydro, June 6, 1914, vol. 8, pp. 117—118, +illus. 

Includes account of reported flight of May 28 with

100 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Wright–Smithsonian Controversy
statement of Dr. Charles D. Walcott, Secretary of the

Smithsonian Institution, to the press regarding it. 

Zahm, Albert F. Testing the Langley Aerodrome, By Our

Staff Correspondent at Hammondsport [Albert F. Zahm].

Scientific American, June 6, 1914, vol. 110, pp. 462—463.

Published also in Zahm, Albert F., Aeronautical

Papers, 1885-1945, Notre Dame, Indiana: University

of Notre Dame, 1950, vol. 1, pp. 345—346.

Brief note on preparations for launching of the

machine on Lake Keuka with account of flight of May

28.

Testing the Langley Aerodrome. Flight, June 12,

1914, vol. 6, pp. 630—631, +illus. 

Brief note on flight of May 28 to which is added an

abbreviated history of Langley s studies and experiments supplied by Glenn H. Curtiss.

Dr. Langley, Discoverer of the Air. Literary Digest, June

13, 1914, vol. 48, p. 1451.

Langley s Aerodrome Flies Again. Aero and Hydro, June

13, 1914, vol. 8, p. 130.

Note on flights of June 2.

Langley s Folly Flies. Outlook, June 13, 1914, vol.

107, p. 326.

Editorial comment on announcement of successful

flight of Langley machine.

Did Langley Fly? Aeronautics, June 15, 1914, vol. 14, p.

168, +illus. 

Note on Hammondsport trials.

Justice posthume un grand pr curseur; Curtiss

voleavec l appareil de Langley. L A rophile, June 15,

1914, vol. 22, pp. 279—280, +illus.

Zahm, Albert F. The Langley Aeroplane Construction

and Control Mechanism, By Our Staff Correspondent at

Hammondsport [Albert F. Zahm]. Scientific American,

June 20, 1914, vol. 110, pp. 499—500, +illus. 

Published also in Zahm, Albert F. Aeronautical

Papers, 1885-1945, Notre Dame, Indiana: University

of Notre Dame, 1950, vol. 1, pp. 347—352.

Progress report on Hammondsport trials.

Du Bois, H. M. The Langley Aerodrome Flown. Flying,

July 1914, vol. 3, pp. 184—186, +illus.

The Irony of Langley s Folly. World s Work, July

1914, vol. 28, p. 254.

Editorial comment on flight of Langley machine

May 28.

Mr. Brewer Criticizes Langley. Scientific American, July

4, 1914, vol. 111, p. 2.

Editorial based on letter of Griffith Brewer to the

New York Times, June 21, protesting alterations made

to the original Langley machine at Hammondsport.

Brewer, Griffith. The Langley Aerodrome Tests. Flight,

July 17, 1914, vol. 6, pp. 765—766, +illus. 

Brewer s letter of June 21 to the New York Times.

Dienstbach, Carl. Did Prof. S. P. Langley Invent the First

Practical Flying Machine? Scientific American, July 25,

1914, vol. 111, pp. 59, 65—66.

Discussion of aerodynamic characteristics of the

Langley machine and its capability for flight.

The Wisdom of Langley s Folly. Hearst s Magazine,

Aug. 1914, vol. 26, no. 2, p. 277.

Editorial comment on Langley machine.

Zahm, Albert F. Further Flights with Langley s Aeroplane,

By Our Staff Correspondent at Hammondsport [Albert F.

Zahm]. Scientific American, Oct. 10, 1914, vol. 111, p.

307, +illus. 

Published also in Zahm, Albert F., Aeronautical

Papers, 1885-1945, Notre Dame, Indiana: University

of Notre Dame, 1950, vol. 1, pp. 385—387.

Account of flights of Langley machine equipped

with Curtiss 80-horsepower motor, September 17, 19,

and October 1.

Langley s Aerodrome Flies Well in New Tests. Aero and

Hydro, Oct. 17, 1914, vol. 9, pp. 25—26.

Huffaker, Edward C. Affidavit of Edward C. Huffaker In

The Wright Company, Against the Curtiss Aeroplane

Company. United States District Court, Western District

of New York. [Hammondsport, New York: Dec. 28,

1914], 7 pp. [typescript]

Testimony on experiments of Samuel Pierpont

Langley by his assistant at the Smithsonian

Institution, 1895-1899. 

Reed, Robert L. Affidavit of Robert L. Reed. In The

Wright Company, Against the Curtiss Aeroplane

Company. United States District Court, Western District

of New York. [Hammondsport, New York: Dec. 28,

1914], 23 pp. [typescript]

Extensive testimony on the Langley flying machine

by the foreman of flying machine work at the

Smithsonian Institution.

Benner, Harry. Affidavit of Harry Benner. In The Wright

Company, Against the Curtiss Aeroplane Company,

United States District Court, Western District of New

A Bibliography 101

Wright–Smithsonian Controversy
York. [Hammondsport, New York: Jan. 11, 1915], 3 pp.

[typescript]

Testimony of photographer giving details of photographs taken by him of the Langley flying machine on

Lake Keuka, September 17 and 19, 1914. 

Wehman, Henry T. Affidavit of Henry T. Wehman. In

The Wright Company, Against the Curtiss Aeroplane

Company. United States District Court, Western District

Court of New York. [Hammondsport, New York: Jan. 11,

1915], 4 pp. [typescript]

Testimony by the official Curtiss Aeroplane

Company photographer giving details on photographs

taken by him of the Langley flying machine on Lake

Keuka, June 2, September 17 and 18, and October 1,

1914. 

Zahm, Albert F. Affidavit of Dr. Albert F. Zahm. In The

Wright Company, Against the Curtiss Aeroplane

Company. United States District Court, Western District

of New York. [Hammondsport, New York: Jan. 11,

1915], 13 pp. and 11 photos. [typescript]

Extensive testimony on the assembling of the

Langley flying machine and its testing on Lake

Keuka, May-October 1914, by the official Recorder of

the Smithsonian Institution s Langley Aerodynamical

Laboratory.

Doherty, William E. Affidavit of William Elwood

Doherty. In The Wright Company, Against the Curtiss

Aeroplane Company. United States District Court,

Western District of New York. [Hammondsport, New

York: Jan. 12, 1915, 3 pp. [typescript]

Testimony on the performance of the Langley flying machine by the pilot who flew it on Lake Keuka,

June and September 1914.

[Statements on Flights of the Langley Aeroplane at

Hammondsport, May 1914.] In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1914, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1915, pp. 4, 9.

Accuracy of this and similar statements by the

Smithsonian Institution was later contested by Orville

Wright.

Zahm, Albert F. The First Man-Carrying Aeroplane

Capable of Sustained Free Flight Langley s Success as

a Pioneer in Aviation. In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1914, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1915, pp. 217—222, +illus. 

Also published in Zahm, Albert F., Aeronautical

Papers, 1885-1945, Notre Dame, Indiana: University

of Notre Dame, 1950, vol. 1, pp. 401—412.

Official report on the Hammondsport flights by the

delegated observer of the Smithsonian Institution, the

Recorder of the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory.

Accuracy of this report was later challenged by

Orville Wright.

Eisenlohr, Roland. Neuere Versuche von Curtiss mit

dem Langley-Tandemeindecker. Motorwagen, July 31,

1916, vol. 19, pp. 295—298.

The Title to an Honor. Collier s, Jan. 6, 1917, vol. 58, p.

11.

Reprinted with comment by A. I. Root, Gleanings

in Bee Culture, Apr. 1917, vol. 44, pp. 300—301.

Editorial taking exception to an unidentified statement reportedly made by Dr. Charles W. Eliot, ascribing the invention of the aeroplane to Langley.

Butman, Carl H. Langley s Flying Machine. Aviation,

Nov. 15, 1917, vol. 3, pp. 527—531, +illus. 

Includes account of the Hammondsport flights by a

former Smithsonian staff member.

[Statements on Installation of Langley Machine of 1903

as Exhibit in National Museum.] In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1918, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1920, pp. 3, 28, 114.

Orville Wright challenged the claim that this was

the first heavier-than-air man-carrying machine built.

Brewer, Griffith. Aviation s Greatest Controversy. U.S.

Air Services, Oct. 1921, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 9—17.

Also published with general discussion and comments by Dr. C. D. Walcott, Dr. A. F. Zahm, C. M.

Manly, and Glenn H. Curtiss, in The Aeronautical

Journal, Dec. 1921, vol. 25, pp. 620—664; abstracted

in Flight, Oct. 27, 1921, vol. 13, pp. 703—704; summarized and discussed in Aviation, Nov. 7, 1921, vol.

11, pp. 532—535; in U.S. Congress. House. Committee

on Military Affairs. First Heavier-than-Air Flying

Machine. Hearing April 27, 1928, Washington,

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1928, pp. 15—25.

Paper read by Griffith Brewer before the Royal

Society of Arts, October 20, submitting evidence to

prove that the Langley machine was not capable of

sustained free flight and was not successfully flown at

Hammondsport, New York, on June 2, 1914. 

Brewer, Griffith. Letter to the Editor. The Journal of the

Royal Aeronautical Society, Mar. 1927, vol. 31, pp.

173—174.

Calls attention to change in label on Langley

machine in Smithsonian Institution but states that it is

still misleading and incorrect.

[Grey], C. G. The Original Wright Biplane. Aeroplane,

Feb. 8, 1928, vol. 34, p. 162.

102 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Wright–Smithsonian Controversy
Author contends that Wright 1903 machine was the

first aeroplane to fly, but that Langley s was the first

practical aeroplane.

First Wright Airplane Sent to London Museum. Current

Events, Feb. 13/17, 1928, vol. 27, p. 84.

Comments on recent shipment of Wright 1903

plane to Science Museum in London.

[Grey], C. G. That First Flying Machine. Aeroplane,

Feb. 22, 1928, vol. 34, p. 228.

Author disparages Wright machine in a reply to a

letter from J. H. Spottiswood.

Wright Plane in the Wrong Place? Literary Digest, Feb.

25, 1928, vol. 96, p. 14.

[Grey], C. G. The First Flying Machine Again.

Aeroplane, Feb. 29, 1928, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 268, 276.

In rebuttal of letter of F. Handley-Page asserting

Wrights contributions to aeronautical science,

author contends that Langley had a working knowledge of aerodynamics, which the Wrights evidently

lacked. 

U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution to Ascertain

Which Was the First Heavier-than-Air Flying Machine.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1928,

2 pp. (70th Congress, 1st Session. H. J. Res. 224) 

Introduced February 29 by John J. McSwain of

South Carolina; referred to the Committee on Military

Affairs, passed by the House of Representatives, May

16, 1928.

Provides for a commission of five persons to hear

evidence on this question.

[Findley, Earl N.] The Wrong Placard Remains in

America: The Wright Airplane Goes Abroad. U.S. Air

Services, Mar. 1928, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 15.

Based on a statement by Orville Wright in New

York Times, February 4, 1928. 

McCormick, Anne O Hare. America s Banishment of

the Original Wright Airplane. U.S. Air Services, Mar.

1928, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 32—35.

Based on interview with Orville Wright. Cites his

letter of May 14, 1925, to Chief Justice Taft,

Chancellor of the Smithsonian Institution.

Wright, Orville. Why the 1903 Wright Airplane Is Sent

to a British Museum. U.S. Air Services, Mar. 1928, vol.

13, pp. 30—31.

Published also in U.S. Air Services, Feb. 1948, vol.

33, no. 2, pp. 14—15.

Amplifies and emphasizes principal points brought

out in Orville Wright s letter of May 14, 1925, to

Chief Justice Taft.

Smithsonian Institution Secretary Makes an Offer to

Orville Wright. Aviation, Mar. 19, 1928, vol. 24, p. 715.

Published also in U.S. Congress. House.

Committee on Military Affairs. First Heavier-thanAir Flying Machine. Hearing April 27, 1928,

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1928,

pp. 27—30.

Smithsonian Institution statement issued to press,

March 15, 1928. 

Carll, George S., Jr. Congressman McSwain Explains

His Bill. U.S. Air Services, Apr. 1928, vol. 13, no. 4, p.

28.

House Joint Resolution 224 introduced February 29

above.

[Findley, Earl N.] Smithsonian Statements Evade All

Points at Issue. U.S. Air Services, Apr. 1928, vol. 13, no.

4, p. 17.

Editorial on Smithsonian Institution statement

issued to the press, March 15, 1928. 

Marshall, Fred A. Orville Wright Accuses Smithsonian.

Slipstream, Apr. 1928, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 7—8, +illus. 

Based largely on Orville Wright s article in U.S. Air

Services, March 1928. 

The Original Wright Biplane. The Journal of the Royal

Aeronautical Society, Apr. 1928, vol. 32, pp. 241—243.

Smithsonian Institution statement of March 3,

1928, with comment by editor and by Griffith Brewer

in a letter to the editor dated, March 29, 1928. 

Orville Wright Declines Naturally. U.S. Air Services,

Apr. 1928, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 27—28.

Smithsonian Institution statement of March 3,

1928, including its invitation to have the Kitty Hawk

aeroplane deposited in the United States National

Museum and Orville Wright s refusal.

Test, Merlin E. Why the First Wright Plane Goes to an

English Museum. Air Travel News, Apr. 1928, vol. 2, no.

4, pp. 5—6, +illus.

Fitzgerald, Roy G. The Invention of the Aeroplane.

Congressional Record, Apr. 20, 1928, vol. 69, pp.

6909—6910.

Includes short summary of points at issue, Orville

Wright s letter of May 14, 1925, to Chief Justice Taft

as Chancellor of the Smithsonian Institution asking

for an investigation of controversy, and Taft s unfavorable reply of May 18, 1925. 

A Bibliography 103

Wright–Smithsonian Controversy
U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Military Affairs.

First Heavier-than-Air Flying Machine. Hearing before

Subcommittee No. 8 April 27, 1928. Statements of

Hon. Roy G. Fitzgerald, C. G. Abbot, Secretary

Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1928, 56 pp.

Extensive discussion of points at issue with pertinent

statements and documents introduced into the record.

Dacey, Norman F. The Man Who Successfully Flew the

Langley Plane Speaks Up. Air Travel News, May 1928,

vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 11—12, 49.

Claim is made that Walter Johnson flew the

Langley machine at Hammondsport without mechanical changes.

Abbot, Charles G. Letter to the Editor. Journal of the

Royal Aeronautical Society, June 1928, vol. 32, pp.

422—423.

Letter of April 27 offering further clarification of

issues and facts discussed in the Journal for April

1928.

Hall, Norman A. Langley or Wright? The Facts about the

Famous Controversy. Liberty, July 28, 1928, vol. 5, no.

30, pp. 68—70, +illus. 

Popular presentation of issues in controversy.

Shepherd, William G. Bring Home the Wright Plane.

Collier s, Sept. 22, 1928, vol. 82, pp. 8—9, 38, 40, +illus. 

Summary of points at issue in controversy.

Abbot, Charles G. The Relations between the

Smithsonian and the Wright Brothers. Washington, D.C.:

The Smithsonian Institution, September 29, 1928, 27 pp.

(Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 81, no. 5).

Also issued as Smithsonian Publication 2977. 

Effort by the Secretary of the Smithsonian

Institution to clarify the controversy and to correct

errors and statements previously made. Renews invitation of March 4, 1928, to Orville Wright to deposit

Kitty Hawk aeroplane in the United States National

Museum.

Smithsonian Institution and Mr. Orville Wright. Science,

Oct. 5, 1928, vol. 24, pp. 316—317.

Summarizes recent statement by Charles G. Abbot.

Shepherd, William G. The Road to Justice. Collier s,

Dec. 8, 1928, vol. 82, pp. 28, 46.

Elaboration of his previous article on the controversy in the September 22 issue of this journal.

The Wright Brothers and Langley s Aeroplanes. Nature,

Dec. 15, 1928, vol. 122, p. 930.

Twenty-Five Years of Flight. Nation, Dec. 19, 1928, vol.

127, p. 674.

Editorial comment on Secretary Abbot s statement

of September 29.

Arnold, Henry H. Who Flew First? Modern Mechanics

and Inventions Flying Manual, 1929, pp. 6—9, +illus. 

Author contends that the Wrights were first to fly.

Goldstrom, John. The Wright—Smithsonian Dispute. In

his A Narrative History of Aviation, New York: The

Macmillan Company, 1930, pp. 46—54.

Summary of controversy to date.

The Government Denies Recognition to Wright and to

North Carolina for First Flight. Chapel Hill Weekly. Jan.

27, 1933. vol. 10, no. 45. pp. 1, 2.

Based on article in U.S. Air Services, March 1928.

[Findley, Earl N.] Smithsonian ad Nauseam. U.S. Air

Services, Feb. 1933, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 6—7.

Editorial criticizing statements about Langley and

the Wrights appearing in Charles G. Abbot s Great

Inventions, published 1932 as volume 12 of the

Smithsonian Scientific Series.

The Change of the Label. Chapel Hill Weekly, Feb. 10,

1933, vol. 10, no. 47, p. 21.

Editorial comment.

[Findley, Earl N.] Will 1934 See the 1903 Machine Back

Home? U.S. Air Services, Jan. 1934, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 9.

Brief note concerning the proposed appointment of

a committee of unbiased experts to decide the controversy on its merits.

Return the Wright Plane. National Aeronautic Magazine,

Oct. 1934, vol. 12, no. 10, p. 16.

Text of resolution adopted by the Thirteenth Annual

Convention of the National Aeronautic Association,

October 11-13, 1934. Provides for the appointment of

a committee to confer with Orville with a view to

securing the return of the Wright 1903 plane to the

United States.

Loening, Grover. Labels and Labels. In his Our Wings

Grow Faster, Garden City, New York: Doubleday,

Doran & Co., Inc., 1935, pp. 184—185.

Author s account of his efforts to settle the controversy.

[Findley, Earl N.] Why Not Fix What Is Wrong? U.S. Air

Services, Jan. 1937, vol. 22, no. 1, p. 11.

Note on thirty-third anniversary celebration of first

flight, including President Roosevelt s goodwill mes104 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Wright–Smithsonian Controversy
sage to Orville Wright and author s statement urging

that the President should take initiative in making

arrangements for the early return of the Wright 1903

plane.

Start Drive to Bring World s First Plane Back to

America. Contact, Jan. 2/9, 1937, vol. 3, no. 11, p. 15,

+illus. 

Proposed movement by magazine Contact to bring

the Wright 1903 plane back to America, to be

launched January 9 at the Philadelphia Air Show.

Further accounts: Jan. 28/Feb. 6, p. 3; Feb. 13/20, p.

3, 18; Mar. 13/20, p. 3; Feb. 12, 1938, pp. 11, 20; Feb.

26, p. 11.

Studer, Clara. Summer of 1914. In her Sky Storming

Yankee; the Life of Glenn Curtiss, New York: Stackpole

Sons, 1937, pp. 317—336.

Pages 322—326 refer to Curtiss role in testing of

Langley machine.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Joint Resolution to Provide for

the Safekeeping and Exhibit of the Airplane Used by the

Wright Brothers in Making the First Successful Airplane

Flight in History. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1937, 2 pp. (75th Congress, 2d Session.

Senate. J. Res. 237).

Introduced by Mr. Robert Reynolds, of North

Carolina, November 16, 1937, and referred to the

Committee on Military Affairs. Provides for $50,000

appropriation to be used to develop suitable site at

Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

Seek Wright Ship. National Air News, July 20, 1938,

vol. 2, no. 29, p. 2, col. 5.

Reference to the formation of the Association of

Men with Wings, chartered for the purpose of bringing the Wright 1903 aeroplane back to the United

States from London.

[Findley, Earl N.] Why Not an Association to Get a

Custodian for Our National Museum? U.S. Air Services,

Aug. 1938, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 29, 31.

Cites popular ignorance of reasons why the Wright

1903 aeroplane was sent abroad.

Kalb, Karl P. Why the Kitty Hawk Plane May Stay in

England. Liberty, Aug. 6, 1938, vol. 15, no. 32, p. 52.

Take It and Welcome. Aeroplane, Aug. 17, 1938, vol. 55,

p. 94.

Editorial comment on formation of Association of

Men with Wings. Minimizes importance of the Wright

1903 machine in the Science Museum.

[Findley, Earl N.] Airmen Move to Effect Return of

Wright Plane from England. U.S. Air Services, Sept.

1938, vol. 23, no. 9, p. 30.

Brief account of Association of Men with Wings,

Inc. organized August 4. Includes text of petition

addressed to Chief Justice Taft as Chancellor of the

Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution asking that the Museum change certain inaccuracies in

the records relative to the building and flying of the

first aeroplane.

Is Paramount Financing Assoc. of Men with Wings? It s

Your Guess Now. American Aviation, Sept. 1, 1938, vol.

2, no 7, p. 11.

States that Paramount Pictures put up $25,000 for

the promotion of the organization.

Goldstrom, John. Bring Back Our Winged Exile. An

Open Letter to President Roosevelt on the Kitty Hawk

Plane. Liberty, Sept. 3, 1938, vol. 15, no. 36, p. 56.

Paramount Wonders Why the Secrecy about Its

Financing Men with Wings. American Aviation, Oct. 1,

1938, vol. 2, no. 9, p. 10.

Shades of Justice! The CAA Snubs the Smithsonian,

Recognizes Wright Ship. American Aviation, Nov. 1,

1938, vol. 2, no. 11, p. 3.

Gray, Jack Stearns. Lest We Forget. In her Up ; a

True Story of Aviation, Strasburg, Virginia: Shenandoah

Publishing House, Inc., 1938, pp. 189—193.

Plea for the return of the Wright plane.

U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution for the Return of

the Wright Airplane to the United States of America, to

be Placed on Permanent Exhibition, under such

Conditions as may be Jointly Approved by Mr. Wright

and the Congress. July 10, 1940. Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1940, 2 pp. (76th Congress,

3d Session. House. J. Res. 584).

Introduced by Harry R. Sheppard of California;

referred to the Committee on the Library.

Sheppard, Harry R. Return of the Wright Airplane to the

United States. Extension of Remarks July 10, 1940.

Congressional Record, July 10, 1940, vol. 86, appendix,

p. 4418.

Remarks made in connection with the introduction

of the author s resolution in Congress. See above.

Hatch, Alden. [Testing of Langley Machine.] In his

Glenn Curtiss; Pioneer of Naval Aviation, New York:

Julian Messner, Inc., 1942, pp. 237—241.

Brief account of Hammondsport trials.

A Bibliography 105

Wright–Smithsonian Controversy
Abbot, Charles G. The 1914 Test of the Langley

Aerodrome. Washington, D.C.: The Smithsonian

Institution, October 24, 1942, 8 pp., +illus. (Smithsonian

Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 103, no. 8, and its

Publication 3699).

Reprinted in Annual Report of the Smithsonian

Institution, 1942, Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1943, pp. 111—118; U.S. Air Services,

Nov. 1942, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 12—15; Kelly, Fred C.,

The Wright Brothers, New York; Harcourt, Brace &

Company, 1943, pp. 324—333, and reprinted in part in

American Aviation Daily, Oct. 30, 1942, vol. 23, pp.

290—291; American Aviation, Nov. 15, 1942, vol. 6,

no. 12, pp. 17, 19; Journal of the Aeronautical

Sciences, Jan. 1943, vol. 10, pp. 31—35; Aerosphere

1943 edited by Glenn D. Angle, New York:

Aerosphere, Inc. 1944, pp. CXIII—CXV.

Statement by the Secretary of the Smithsonian

Institution correcting assertions and actions of former

Smithsonian officials relative to the 1914 test of the

Langley aerodrome. Statement was submitted to

Orville Wright who accepted it as basis for closing the

prolonged Wright—Smithsonian controversy, provided

it was given adequate publication.

[Findley, Earl N.] Smithsonian Swings into Step. U.S.

Air Services, Nov. 1942, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 7—8.

Editorial comment on publication of Smithsonian

Institution s statement of October 24 (its Miscellaneous

Collections, vol. 103, no. 8). 

Langley Dispute Ends. Science News Letter, Nov. 7,

1942, vol. 42, p. 292.

Dr. Abbot Ends Orville Wright—Smithsonian Controversy.

Museum News, Nov. 15, 1942, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 1, 4.

Good-bye to All That. Flight, Nov. 19, 1942, p. 542.

Future of the Wright Biplane. Aeroplane, Nov. 20, 1942,

vol. 63, p. 580.

G[rey], C. G. The First Aeroplane. Aeroplane, Dec. 4,

1942, vol. 63, p. 664.

Author contends that Wrights 1903 flying machine

was not a practical one.

Kelly, Fred C. Why the Wright Plane Was Exiled. In his

The Wright Brothers, New York: Harcourt, Brace &

Company, 1943, pp. 300—333, +illus. and reprinted New

York: Farrar, Straus and Young, 1951.

Extensive account of controversy.

Famous Aviation Controversies: Wright Vs. Smithsonian.

In The Airmans Almanac, edited by Francis Walton, New

York: Farrar & Rinehart, Inc., 1945, pp. 421—422.

Brief summary.

[Findley, Earl N.] How Long, Oh Lord, How Long? U.S.

Air Services, June 1946, vol. 31, no. 6, p. 9.

Editorial pointing out misstatements by Russell

Owen in an article titled Trail-Blazers of the Blue in

the New York Times Magazine, May 4. 

Brewer, Griffith. The Langley Machine and the

Hammondsport Trials. In his Fifty Years of Flying,

London: Air League of the British Empire, 1946, pp.

108—112.

Author s account of his role in controversy.

Noel, E. Percy. Remarks of President Noel on Mr. Nils

H. Randers-Pehrson s Paper. Columbia Historical

Society Records, Apr. 1947, vol. 46/47, pp. 60—79.

Discussion by the President of the Columbia

Historical Society, of paper on Aeronautics in the

District of Columbia, with his observations on the

Smithsonian Institution report issued October 24,

1942. Also included in his remarks is a statement by

Dr. Albert F. Zahm on this report.

Hellman, Geoffrey T. Profiles [The Smithsonian

Institution]. New Yorker, Dec. 3, 1966 vol. 42, pp.

66—150; Dec. 10, pp. 64—139; Dec. 17, pp. 58—112.

Included also in his The Smithsonian; Octopus on the

Mall, New York: J. B. Lippincott, 1967, pp. 132—158.

The Smithsonian—Wright controversy is reviewed

in the December 10 issue, pp. 100—139. 

Vaeth, J. Gordon. Langley, Man of Science and Flight.

New York: Ronald Press, 1966, 117 pp., +illus. 

The Wright—Smithsonian Institution controversy is

discussed in the final chapter titled Epilogue, pp.

104—111.

Crouch, Tom D. Capable of flight: The Feud between the

Wright Brothers and the Smithsonian. American

Heritage of Invention & Technology, Spring 1987, pp.

34—46, +illus. 

Detailed journal article account of the Wright—

Smithsonian controversy, 1914-1948, in which the

Smithsonian officially recognized Samuel Pierpont

Langley s 1903 Aerodrome as the first airplane capable of flight even though the Wright brothers 1903

Flyer was.

McIntyre, Doug. Odyssey of the Flyer, American History

Illustrated, Jan./Feb. 1994, pp. 44—47, 69—70, +illus. 

Recounts the controversy surrounding Samuel

Pierpont Langley s attempts to successfully fly his

Aerodrome, Glenn Curtiss s efforts to prove

106 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Wright–Smithsonian Controversy
Langley the first to fly, and the eventual court cases

involving patent suits.

Crouch, Tom D. Capable of Flight: The Saga of the 1903

Wright Airplane. In Exhibiting Dilemmas: Issues of

Representation at the Smithsonian. Amy Henderson and

Adrienne L. Kaeppler, eds. Washington, D.C.:

Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997, pp. 92—115, +illus.

Comprises a chapter in a book on issues of authenticity and ethics confronting curators at the

Smithsonian Institution, on what and how to exhibit.

Concise account of the Wright—Smithsonian controversy over whether the Samuel Langley Aerodrome

was the first airplane capable of controlled powered

manned flight even though the Wright Flyer was the

first to actually fly.The author argues that the Wright

flyer not only flew first but was indeed the first capable of flight and well deserves its honored place in the

National Air and Space Museum.

Monuments and Museums

Morlan, Michael. Kitty Hawk to NASA: A Guide to U.S.

Air & Space Museums and Exhibits. Shawnee, Kansas:

Bon A Tirer, 1991, 304 pp. 

A book of general information on the many museums and military installations dealing with aviation

history, including the Wright Brothers National

Memorial in Kitty Hawk, N.C.

Bibliography p. 299. 

The Proposed Wright Memorial. Aero Club of America

Bulletin, July 1912, vol. 1, no. 6, p. 5.

Recommendation by the Dayton Wright Memorial

Commission that a memorial in the form of two Greek

columns be erected at Huffman Prairie (Simms

Station), Dayton, Ohio.

Aviation Heritage National 

Historic Park, Ohio

(Aviation Trail)

Johnson, Mary Ann. Field Guide to Flight: On the

Aviation Trail in Dayton, Ohio. Revised edition. Dayton,

Ohio: Landfall Press, 1996, 144 pp., +illus. 

Detailed guide to accompany the Aviation Trail, a

walking tour of sites significant to the lives of the

Wright brothers and aviation history in Dayton, Ohio.

Includes many photographs and an index. 

The first edition was published in 1986.

U.S. National Park Service Dayton Aviation Heritage

National Historical Park, Ohio: General Management

Plan, Interpretive Plan, November 1997. Denver,

Colorado: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park

Service, Denver Service Center, 1997, 112 pp., +illus. 

Detailed description as of Nov. 1997, of the general management plan (which includes staffing, financing, and administration) and interpretive plan (which

includes visitor activities and experiences) for the

Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park,

established by act of Congress in Oct. 1992, to preserve the sites significant to the lives of the Wright

brothers and the development of aviation, in Dayton,

Ohio. Includes photographs and maps. Bibliography

pp. 102—109 

Wilbur Wright Monument, 

Auvours, France

The Wilbur Wright and Hubert Latham Monuments. The

Aero, London, Dec. 1912, vol. 6, p. 352.

Brief note announcing the opening of subscriptions

for the erection of a monument at Camp d Auvours in

memory of Wilbur Wright.

Veit, Sidney B. France and the Wright brothers. L gion

d honneur, Apr. 1933, vol. 1, pp. 206—215, +illus. 

Includes photographs of Wright memorials at

Auvours, Le Mans, and Pau.

Wilbur Wright Monument, 

Le Mans, France

Shaft to Wilbur Wright. Flying, New York, Jan. 1919,

vol. 7, pp. 1166, 1169.

Account of the laying of the cornerstone, December

22, 1918.

Lafayette and Wilbur Wright Honored. Flying, New

York, Feb. 1919, vol. 8, pp. 50—51, +illus. 

Another account reprinted from the Paris edition of

the New York Herald Tribune.

Wilbur Wright Memorial. Aeronautics, July 22, 1920,

vol. 19, p. 69.

Brief note on dedication exercises, July 18.

B arn, C. de. A la m moire des fr res Wright . Le Monde

illustr , July 24, 1920, vol. 127, pp. 62—63, +illus.

A Bibliography 107

Monuments and Museums
L Hermitte, J. Le Monument de l aviation. L Illustration,

July 24, 1920, vol. 156, pp. 68—69, +illus. 

Translation with title, Wilbur Wright in France,

Literary Digest, Aug. 28, 1920, vol. 66, p. 32.

French Memorial to Wilbur Wright. Flight, July 29,

1920, vol. 12, p. 841.

Le Monument Wilbur Wright et aux pionniers del aviation inaugur au Mans le 17 juillet 1920. L A rophile,

Aug. 1920, vol. 28, pp. 246—248.

Extensive account of unveiling of the first notable

memorial to Wilbur Wright. The monument by the

French sculptor, Paul Landowski, stands in the Place

des Jacobins, before the Cathedral of St. Julien. 

Wright Memorial Dedicated in France. U.S. Air

Services, Aug. 1920, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 17.

Gives editorial comment on monument from New

York Sun and New York Herald.

France s Tribute to Wilbur Wright, Father of Aviation.

Literary Digest, Aug. 28, 1920, vol. 66, p. 54.

Reprinted from Boston Herald.

Unveiling of the Monument to Wilbur Wright. Flying,

New York, Sept. 1920, vol. 9, pp. 530—531, +illus.

France s Tribute to the Wright Brothers. U.S. Air

Services, Nov. 1920, vol. 4, no. 4, p. 21, +illus. 

Brief note on monument with speech given by Rear

Admiral T. P. Magruder, U. S. representative at

unveiling ceremony.

The Wright Memorial. Aircraft Year Book 1921, Boston:

Small, Maynard & Co., 1921, pp. 126—127.

Gilbert, Morris. America and Le Mans. New York Times,

June 26, 1966, p. 30, col. 3—6.

Account of Wilbur Wright s early flights at Le

Mans in 1908 and of the monument erected there in

his honor in 1920.

Wilbur Wright Memorial, 

New Castle, Indiana

Wilbur Wright Memorial. [New Castle, Indiana] Circle

Printing Service, [1923], 4 pp., +illus. 

Includes photograph of memorial tablet at

Memorial Park, New Castle, Indiana, erected by Phi

Delta Kappa fraternity, April 15, 1923, and dedicated

in the presence of Orville and Katharine Wright.

Wright Brothers Monument, 

Pau, France

Le Monument de Wilbur Wright. Il a t inaugur le 30

janvier Pau-Pont-Long. Les Ailes, Feb. 4, 1932 vol.

112, p. 14.

Brief note on dedication of Wright brothers monument, January 30, 1932, to commemorate the first

flights of Wilbur at Pau in 1908 and the training of the

first French aviation officers.

L Inauguration du monument Wright Pau.

L Illustration, Feb. 6, 1932, vol. 181, p. 164, +illus.

The Monument to the Wright Brothers at Pau, France.

U.S. Air Services, Apr. 1932, vol. 17, pp. 42, 44, +illus. 

Brief account of dedication including addresses

delivered by Paul Tissandier and U. S. Ambassador

Walter Edge.

France Remembers the Wrights. National Aeronautics

Magazine, May 1932, vol. 10, pp. 16—18, +illus. 

Account of dedication of monument at Pau.

Wright Memorial, Kill Devil Hill,

Kitty Hawk, North Carolina

U.S. Congress. House. A Bill Authorizing an

Appropriation of $50,000 for the Erection of a Memorial

at Kitty Hawk, Dare County, North Carolina, to

Commemorate the First Successful Airplane Flight

Made by Wilbur and Orville Wright. December 17, 1926.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1926, 2

pp. (69th Congress, 2d Session. H. R. 15348).

Submitted by Congressman Lindsay Warren of

North Carolina; referred to the Committee on the

Library.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Military Affairs.

To Commemorate the First Successful Flight by PowerDriven Aircraft. Report [To Accompany S. 4876].

Submitted by Mr. Robinson of Indiana. January 8, 1927.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1927, 1

p. (69th Congress, 2d Session. Senate Report 1227). 

Recommends passage of bill.

Monument on Kill Devil Hill, N.C. Congressional

Record, Jan. 10, 1927, vol. 68, p. 1343.

Discussion of Senate bill 4876.

108 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Monuments and Museums
U.S. Congress. Senate. An Act Providing for the Erection

of a Monument on Kill Devil Hill at Kitty Hawk, North

Carolina, Commemorative of the First Successful

Attempt in History at Power-Driven Airplane Flight.

January 11, 1927. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1927, 2 pp. (69th Congress, 2d Session.

S. 4876).

Introduced by Senator Hiram Bingham of

Connecticut; referred to the Committee on the

Library.

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on the Library.

Monument Commemorative of 1st Successful Attempt at

Power-Driven Airplane Flight. Report [To Accompany

S. 4876]. Submitted by Mr. Luce. February 4, 1927.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1927, 1

p. (69th Congress, 2d Session. House. Report 1989).

Recommends new section in bill providing that

designs and plans of monument be subject to approval

of the Commission of Fine Arts and the Joint

Committee on the Library.

Warren, Lindsay. The Memorial in Commemoration of

the First Successful Attempt in All History at PowerDriven Airplane Flight, Achieved by Orville Wright on

December 17, 1903, at Kitty Hawk, N.C. Speech in

the House of Representatives, Tuesday, February 8,

1927. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office,

1927, 8 pp.

Reprinted from Congressional Record, Feb. 8,

1927, vol. 68, pp. 3281—3282.

S. 4876 an Act Providing for the Erection of a Monument

on Kill Devil Hill, at Kitty Hawk, N.C., Commemorative

of the First Successful Human Attempt at Power-Driven

Airplane Flight. Approved March 2, 1927. Washington,

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1927, 1 p. (Public

Law 668, 69th Congress).

Also in United States Statutes at Large, 1927-1929,

vol. 44, pp. 1264—1265.

The Memorial to the First Airplane Flight.

Congressional Record, Mar. 3, 1927, vol. 68, p. 5803.

Joint resolution by the General Assembly of North

Carolina urging Congress to erect a memorial to the

Wrights at Kitty Hawk; introduced into the record by

Mr. Warren.

Memorial to Wright Brothers at Kitty Hawk. U.S. Air

Services, Sept. 1927, vol. 12, p. 40.

Brief note on the formation of the Kill Devil Hills

Memorial Association, August 16, 1927, for the purpose of erecting a monument commemorating the first

flights of the Wrights at Kitty Hawk, N.C. 

In Honor of the Wrights. Slipstream, Nov. 1927, vol. 8,

no. 11, pp. 9—10, +illus. 

Editorial favoring Dayton, Ohio, over Kitty Hawk,

North Carolina, as a site for Wright memorial.

Wright Memorial Site Criticized. Slipstream, Jan. 1928,

vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 7—8, +illus.

Further editorial favoring erection in Dayton of a

suitable Wright Memorial for housing the first Wright

machine and other Wright trophies.

Monument on Kill Devil Hill, Kitty Hawk, N.C. In U.S.

Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. War

Department Appropriations Bill 1929. Hearings.

January 19, 1928. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1928, pt. 2, pp. 420—421.

An Act Making Appropriations for the Military and

Non-military Activities of the War Department for the

Fiscal Year June 30, 1929, and for Other Purposes.

Approved March 23, 1928. In United States Statutes at

Large, 1927-1929, vol. 44, pp. 326—365.

Includes an appropriation of $25,000 for the Kitty

Hawk monument, p. 357.

Wright Brothers to Be Honored by NAA. Aeronautic

Review, Nov. 1928, vol. 6, p. 173, +illus. 

Announces planning of a memorial by the National

Aeronautic Association on the spot from which the

first flight was made at Kitty Hawk, N. C., on

December 17, 1903. 

Status of Kitty Hawk Monument, N.C. In U.S. Congress.

House. Committee on Appropriations. War Department

Appropriations Bill for 1930. Hearings November 15,

1928. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office,

1928, pt. 2, pp. 53—54.

Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the First Airplane Flight.

Proceedings at the Exercises Held at Kitty Hawk, N.C., on

December 17, 1928, in Commemoration of the TwentyFifth Anniversary of the First Flight of an Airplane Made

by Wilbur and Orville Wright. Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1929, 29 pp. (70th Congress,

2d Session. House. Document no. 520).

Proceedings included are those relating to the laying of the cornerstone of the Wright Memorial and the

unveiling of the memorial erected by the National

Aeronautic Association on the spot from which the

Wrights made their December 1903 flights.

Neely, Frederick R. N. A. A. Marks Site of the First

Airplane Flight with Impressive Ceremonies at Kitty

Hawk. Aeronautics Review, Jan. 1929, vol. 7, no. 1, pp.

4—7, +illus.

A Bibliography 109

Monuments and Museums
Account of unveiling of bronze tablet and boulder

erected by the National Aeronautic Association on the

site of the first flight, and of laying of cornerstone of

Wright Memorial, Kill Devil Hill, N.C., December 17,

1928, in the presence of Orville Wright. 

Monument on Kill Devil Hill, Kitty Hawk, N.C. In U.S.

Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations War

Department Appropriations Bill for 1931. Hearings 

November 18, 1929. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1929, pt. 2, pp. 69—71.

Reynolds, Carolyn L. Kill Devil Will Do No More

Wandering Now That It Is Firmly Anchored with

Grass Shrubs, Grass, and Vegetables Now Growing on

Sandy Desert. Congressional Record, Jan. 8, 1930, vol.

72, pp. 1256—1258.

Reprinted from the Raleigh, N. C., News and

Observer, August 18, 1929.

Introduced into the record by Mr. Warren. Account

of the work of the United States Army Quartermaster

Corps in anchoring Kill Devil Hill. 

Wright Memorial Competition. Pencil Points, Apr. 1930,

vol. 11, pp. 304—306, +illus.

Winning design sketches by architects Robert Pliny

Rodgers and Alfred Eastin Poor.

U.S. Bureau of the Budget, Monument on Kill Devil Hill,

N.C. Communication from the President of the United

States Transmitting Supplemental Estimates of

Appropriation for the War Department for the Fiscal

Year 1930, to Remain Available until June 30, 1932,

Amounting to $225,000 for Monument on Kill Devil

Hill, Kitty Hawk, N.C., April 25, 1930. U.S. Bureau of

the Budget Monument on Kill Devil Hill, N.C.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1930, 2

pp. (71st Congress, 2d Session. House. Document no.

369).

Wright, Hamilton M. Chaining a Mountain of Sand.

Popular Mechanics, July 1930, vol. 54, pp. 99—100,

+illus. 

Account of the work of the United States Army

Quartermaster Corps in their efforts to stabilize sand

so as to provide a permanent base for the monument.

Monument on Kill Devil Hill, Kitty Hawk, N.C. In U.S.

Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations War

Department Appropriations Bill for 1932. Hearings 

November 17, 1930. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1930, pt. 2, pp. 83—84.

The Government s Memorial to the Wright Brothers.

U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1930, vol. 15, no. 12, p. 42.

Government Memorial for Aviation s Birthplace.

Southern Aviation, Aug. 1931, vol. 2, no. 12, p. 6, +illus.

Sharp, Edward R. A Nation s Tribute to the Wrights.

National Aeronautics Magazine, July 1932, vol. 10, no.

7, pp. 14—17.

Summarizes progress made to date on monument.

Wright Memorial to Be Dedicated This Month. U.S. Air

Services, Nov. 1932, vol. 17, no. 11, p. 25.

A Fitting Memorial to the Pioneers of Flight. Air Corps

News Letter, Nov. 30, 1932, vol. 16, pp. 458—459.

Slightly abridged with title, The Monument at

Kitty Hawk, Popular Aviation, Feb. 1933, vol. 12,

no. 2, pp. 99—100, 133, +illus.

Account of dedication exercises held November 19,

1932.

Wright Memorial Dedicated. U.S. Air Services, Dec.

1932, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 20—21, +illus. 

Account of dedication exercises attended by Orville

Wright.

The Granite Wing at Kitty Hawk. U.S. Naval Institute

Proceedings, Jan. 1933, vol. 59, pp. 140—141.

Reprinted from New York Herald Tribune,

November 20, 1932.

Fitzgerald, Francis V. Shifting Sands. How the Wright

Memorial Was Built. Quartermaster Review, Jan.-Feb.

1933, vol. 12, pp. 45—48, +illus.

Graves, Louis. The Wright Memorial and Its

Interesting Custodian. U.S. Air Services, June 1933,

vol. 18, no. 6, p. 31.

Reprinted from Chapel Hill Weekly.

Saunders, W. O., ed. A Souvenir Handbook of the Wright

Memorial. Elizabeth City, N.C.: The Independent, 1935,

29 pp., +illus. 

A descriptive brochure including the act of Congress

creating the monument and special contributions on

The Granite Man s Job by John P. Frank, Orville

Wright s Own Story, and the author s America s First

Airplane Casualty [John T. Daniels], reprinted from

Collier s, September 17, 1927. 

. Two Historic Shrines. The Wright Memorial

and Fort Raleigh on Roanoke Island. Elizabeth City,

N.C.: W. O. Saunders, 1937, 30 pp.

The Wright Memorial, pp. 5—25.

World s First Airport Deserves a Landing Field. U.S. Air

Services, Dec. 1937, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 7—8.

110 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Monuments and Museums
Plea for establishment of an airport near the Kitty

Hawk monument.

Doors of Wright Memorial, Kill Devil Hill, N.C. From a

Photograph by F. S. Lincoln 1922. Technology Review,

Jan. 1939, vol. 41, cover.

U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Kill Devil Hill National

Memorial. [New York]: Polygraphic Company of

America, Apr. 1942, 6 pp., +illus. 

Reprinted Washington, D.C.: Government Printing

Office, 1948 and 1949. 

Descriptive leaflet issued by the National Park

Service which administers the Memorial.

Saunders, Keith. The Wright Memorial Museum.

National Aeronautics and Flight Plan, Feb. 1953, vol.

32, p. 1.

Announcement of plans for the establishment of a

memorial museum at Kill Devil Hill.

Brown, Aycock, and Whitener, Ralph V. Where It All

Began. Air Force, Nov. 1953, vol. 36, pp. 47, 63.

Discusses plans for the 1953 fiftieth anniversary

celebration of the Wright brothers 1903 flights at Kill

Devil Hill, N.C., including an account of the plans by

the Kill Devil Hills Memorial Association, the

National Park Service, the Air Force Association, and

the North Carolina Fiftieth Anniversary of Powered

Flight Commission to reconstruct the Wrights original site at Kill Devil Hill.

Fifty Years of Flight. Travel, Nov. 1953, vol. 100, pp.

17—19, +illus. 

Deals with the Wright Brothers National Memorial

at Kitty Hawk, N.C., and the annual commemorative

ceremonies held there.

Restoring Wright Brothers Camp of 1903. Journal of

the Society of Architectural Historians, Oct. 1954, vol.

13, pp. 28—29, +illus. 

Describes the two original Wright buildings at Kill

Devil Hill, N.C., restored by the National Park

Service, as a part of the fiftieth anniversary of the first

powered flights by the Wright brothers.

And Kitty Hawk It will Remain. U.S. Air Services, Jan.

1955, vol. 40, p. 6.

Editorial quoting extensively from a letter by

Marvin W. McFarland, editor of The Papers of Wilbur

and Orville Wright, to Aycock Brown regarding the

proper designation, Kitty Hawk or Kill Devil Hill, for

the area in North Carolina where the Wrights conducted their early experiments and flights.

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and

Insular Affairs. Revising Boundaries of Wright Brothers

National Memorial, North Carolina. Report [To

Accompany H. R. 5488]. April 16, 1959. Washington,

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1959, 3 pp. (86th

Congress, 1st Session. House. Report No. 274).

H. R. 5488 was submitted by Rep. Herbert C.

Bonner of North Carolina, March 10, 1959. The bill

was referred to the Committee on Interior and Insular

Affairs, passed the House May 4 and the Senate June

12.

Provides for the addition of approximately 11 acres

of land. One tract of approximately 95 acres contains

the landing site of the fourth and longest of the Wright

brothers historic flights on December 17, 1903. 

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and

Insular Affairs. Revising the Boundaries of Wright

Brothers National Memorial, North Carolina. Report

[To Accompany H. R. 5488]. June 9, 1959. Washington,

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1959, 3 pp. (86th

Congress, 1st Session. Senate. Report No. 377). 

Similar to House Report No. 274.

An Act to Revise the Boundaries of Wright Brothers

National Memorial, North Carolina, and for Other

Purposes. United States Statutes at Large, 1959, vol. 73,

p. 91.

Approved June 23, 1959 (Public Law 86-59).

East, Omega G. Wright Brothers National Memorial.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1961,

64 pp. (National Park Service. Historical Handbook

Series. No. 34) 

A guide book succinctly presenting the achievements of the Wright brothers and the significant

events in their lives.

Originally authorized by Congress on March 2,

1927, as the Kill Devil Hill Monument National

Memorial to commemorate the Wrights first successful flights in a man-carrying, power-driven heavierthan-air aeroplane, the name was changed to the

Wright Brothers National Memorial, December 1,

1953.

Originally administered by the War Department,

the area transferred to the National Park Service,

August 10, 1933, includes the reconstructed Wright

brothers living quarters and hangar, a granite memorial placed by the National Aeronautic Association in

1928 to mark the take-off point of the 1903 flights, a

reconstruction of the original single-rail starting track,

Kill Devil Hill, used by the Wrights during their gliding experiments, 1900-1903, and the Wright

Memorial shaft, dedicated November 19, 1932.

A Bibliography 111

Monuments and Museums
Wright Brothers Home and Shop,

Greenfield Village, 

Dearborn, Michigan

Ford Purchases Wright Building. The Air Line Pilot,

July 1936, vol. 5, no. 8, p. 7.

Announcement of the purchase of the building for

the purpose of restoring it as a memorial to the

Wrights.

Living Memorial to Faith, Industry, and Foresight of

Wright Brothers Assured by Purchase. Chirp, Aug.

1936, no. 17, pp. 4—5, +illus.

Bauer, Charles J. Birthplace of the Airplane. Popular

Aviation, Dec. 1936, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 17—18, 64—65,

+illus. 

Written on occasion of removal of Wright bicycle

shop to Dearborn, Michigan, for restoration.

A Celebration in Honor of Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Dearborn, Michigan: The Edison Institute, 1938, [13

pp.], +illus. 

A program issued for the dedication exercises held

April 16, 1938, at the Edison Institute, when the

restored Wright home and bicycle shop were opened

to the public.

Kresin, William. Wright Home and Workshop

Dedicated. Herald [publication of the Edison Institute],

Apr. 29, 1938, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 1, 3, 11, +illus. 

Full account of dedication exercises.

Ford Dedicates Wright Shrine. U.S. Air Services, May

1938, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 8—9. 

Editorial note on dedication.

The Wright Dedication. Chirp, Aug. 1, 1938, no. 22,

pp. 1—4.

Account of participation of Early Birds organization in exercises.

Atkinson, Elizabeth. The Wright Homestead. Herald

[publication of the Edison Institute], July 4, 1941, vol.

8, no. 11, pp. 1, 3, 18, +illus. 

Description of home as restored.

Pennington, John. The Wright Bicycle Shop. Herald

[publication of the Edison Institute], July 18, 1941, vol.

8, no. 12, pp. 1, 3, 12—15, +illus. 

Description of bicycle shop as restored.

Wilbur and Orville Wright

Memorial, Dayton, Ohio

Dedication of Wright Brothers Hill by the Wilbur and

Orville Wright Memorial Commission. National

Aviation Day. 2:30 P.M., August 19, 1940, Dayton,

[1940], 4 pp. 

Dedication program.

Have You Visited Wright Brothers Hill ? NCR

[National Cash Register] Factory News, Aug.-Sept.

1940, pp. 1—6, +illus. 

Special issue giving pictorial account of dedication ceremonies.

Wright Hill Dedicated at Dayton. U.S. Air Services,

Sept. 1940, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 10—11, +illus. 

The Wilbur and Orville Wright Memorial, a North

Carolina marble shaft, on Wright Brothers Hill, was

dedicated August 19, 1940. It stands on a high ridge

between Wright and Patterson Air Force Bases and

overlooks the site of Huffman Prairie where the

Wrights experimented with their planes of 1904 and

1905 and where many of the early Army flyers were

trained.

Dedication of the Wright Brothers Monument. Air

Corps News Letter, Sept. 1, 1940, vol. 23, no. 17, p. 7.

Brief note on dedication ceremonies.

Dedication of Wilbur and Orville Wright Memorial at

Dayton, Ohio. Extension of Remarks of Hon. Harry N.

Routzohn of Ohio September 5, 1940.

Congressional Record, Sept. 5, 1940, vol. 86, appendix

pp. A5468—A5469.

Address of Gov. James M. Cox at the dedication,

August 19, 1940.

Wright Hall, Carillon Park, 

Dayton, Ohio

The Wright Brothers Dayton, Ohio: Carillon Park,

[1950], 26 pp., +illus. 

An illustrated biographical brochure which

includes an account of Wright Hall, Carillon Park,

built by Colonel E. A. Deeds, of National Cash

Register Company, especially to provide a home for

the restored 1905 Wright aeroplane.

112 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Monuments and Museums
Wilbur Wright Memorial (Indiana)

Harvey, Ralph. Harvey Names Wright Memorial

Backers. Congressional Record, May 25, 1953, vol. 99,

appendix pp. A2888—A2889.

Lists names of individuals who are engaged in

establishing a permanent memorial to Wilbur Wright

at his birthplace in Henry County, Indiana, together

with the text of a resolution adopted by the Indiana

General Assembly calling for the establishment of

such a memorial.

. Wilbur Wright. Congressional Record, May 25,

1953, vol. 99, pp. 5526—5527.

Fiftieth anniversary tribute to Wilbur. Reports formation of a Wilbur Wright Memorial Commission for

the purpose of establishing a memorial to Wilbur in

Indiana.

Indiana. General Assembly. House. Joint Resolution

Designating the Wilbur Wright Birthplace as a State

Memorial. In Indiana. General Assembly. House

Journal, 1953 Session, Indianapolis, 1953, pp. 300—301.

(88th Session. Joint Resolution 15).

Introduced by Rep. Clem Conway, February 3,

1953, passed House February 11, and Senate

February 28, and approved by Gov. George M. Craig

March 9.

Memorials

Wilbur Wright Chair of

Aerodynamics

(Proposed)

Recommends Wilbur Wright Chair. Aero, St. Louis, June

22, 1912, vol. 4, p. 276.

Recommendation by the Aero Club of Philadelphia

to the aero clubs of the country that a Wilbur Wright

Chair of Aerodynamics be established in some

American college.

A Communication to the Aero Club [Signed Committee

on Memorial to Wilbur Wright]. Fly Magazine, July

1912, vol. 4, no. 9, p. 19.

Letter dated June 7, 1912, recommending that the

Aero Club of Pennsylvania take steps to create a

Wilbur Wright Chair of Aerodynamics.

Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture

(Royal Aeronautical Society, London)

Wilbur Wright Memorial. Aeronautic Journal, July

1912, vol. 16, no. 63, p. 146.

Announcement of the opening of a subscription

fund for the establishment of a memorial to Wilbur

Wright in appreciation of his great work and in

recognition of the support he gave to the Aeronautical

Society of Great Britain. This was to take the form of

an annual lecture called the Wilbur Wright Lecture. 

Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture. Flight, May 24, 1913,

vol. 5, p. 556.

Editorial comment on establishment of lecture

series.

Ruck, R. M. Introductory Statement Made at First

Wilbur Wright Memorial Lecture. Aeronautical Journal,

July 1913, vol. 17, p. 170.

Brief statement on purpose of lecture series.

The Wilbur Wright Memorial Fund. Journal of the Royal

Aeronautical Society, Aug. 1925, vol. 29, pp. 335—337.

Published also in U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1925, vol.

10, no. 12, p. 34.

Reports progress of the fund and of the lectures up

to June 30, 1925. 

Pritchard, J. Laurence. In Memory of Wilbur Wright.

Airways and Airports, June 1934, vol. 11, pp. 92—93.

Brief note on significance of Wilbur Wright

Memorial Lecture.

USS Wright

(Navy ships)

U.S.S. Wright Our First Balloon-and-Airplane Carrier.

Scientific American, Apr. 1922, vol. 126, p. 267, +illus. 

Description of ship named in honor of Wilbur

Wright and commissioned December 1921.

(USS Wright aircraft tender] Francis E. McMurtrie, editor. Janes Fighting Ships 1939, London: Sampson Low

Marston, 1939, p. 511.

Also in previous editions since 1921 and subsequent editions to 1940.

Carrier Wright Launched. New York Times, Sept. 2,

1945, sec. I, p. 26, col. 2.

Brief note on launching, September 1, of the carrier Wright named for Wilbur Wright and sponsored by

A Bibliography 113

Memorials
his niece, Mrs. Harold S. Miller. The carrier was commissioned February 9, 1947.

Turnbull, Archibald, and Lord, Clifford L. U.S.S. Wright.

In their History of United States Naval Aviation, New

Haven: Yale University Press, 1949, pp. 152, 230, 261.

Brief references to ship.

[USS Wright aircraft carrier/command ship] Jane s

Fighting Ships 1961-62. London: Jane s Fighting Ships

Publishing Co. Ltd., 1962, p. 310.

Also in previous editions since 1945 and subsequent editions to 1968.

Wilbur Wright

(flying boat)

Miss Wright Christens Our Boat. Wright Engine Builder,

Oct. 1922, vol. 2, no. 4, p. 8, +illus. 

Account of christening September 26 by Katharine

Wright of the Wright Aeronautical Corporation flying

boat Wilbur Wright.

Wright Brothers Medal

(Society of Automotive Engineers)

Wright Brothers Medal. Journal of the Royal

Aeronautical Society, Aug. 1924, vol. 28, p. 503.

Announces forthcoming inauguration of an annual

medal award by the Dayton Section, Society of

Automotive Engineers, to commemorate the pioneer

aeronautical achievements of the Wright brothers

(actually delayed until 1928).

The Wright Brothers Medal. SAE Journal, Mar. 1928,

vol. 22, pp. 382—383, +illus.

Announcement of the rules for the award of the

medal which states that The Wright Brothers Medal,

originally donated by the Dayton Section of the

Society of Automotive Engineers, shall be awarded

annually to the author of the best paper on aerodynamics or structural theory or research, or aeroplane

design or construction, which shall have been presented at a meeting of the Society or any of its sections

during the calendar year. 

Society of Automotive Engineers. The Wright Brothers

Medal, [New York: 1945], 10 pp. 

Brochure giving history of the medal awards, rules

for award of medal, and list of recipients, 1928-1944. 

Earlier editions were published in 1930 and 1932.

Wright Field

(Dayton, Ohio)

World s Greatest Air Post Christened Wright Field.

Slipstream, Sept. 1925, vol. 6, no. 9, p. 8.

Announces adoption of name by headquarters of

the U.S. Army Air Service.

Wright Field Is Dedicated. Aviation, Oct. 24, 1927, vol.

23, pp. 995—997.

Account of dedication ceremonies, October 12,

1927, when field was dedicated to Wilbur and

Orville Wright, in the presence of the latter, who

raised the flag.

Dedication of Wright Field. U.S. Air Services, Nov.

1927, vol. 12, no. 11, pp. 32—33, +illus. 

Report on dedication ceremonies.

Jacobs, A. M. The Dedication of Wright Field. Air

Corps News Letter, Nov. 10, 1927, vol. 11, pp.

314—316.

Includes address of Secretary of War F. Trubee

Davison, delivered at dedication.

The Story of Wright Field. In The Materiel Center and

You; a Handbook for Your Guidance. Wright Field,

Dayton, Ohio: 1943, pp. 18—21, +illus. 

Brief history.

Wilbur Wright Elementary and

Junior High School

(Dayton, Ohio)

The New Wilbur Wright Elementary and Junior High

School. School Progress, Dayton, Mar. 1926, vol. 4,

no. 6, pp. 1, 2, +illus.

Wright Brothers Lecture

(Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences, now American

Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics)

Wright Brothers Lecture. Journal of the Aeronautical

Sciences, May 1937, vol. 4, p. 301.

Note announcing inauguration of a new annual

lecture to be known as the Wright Brothers

Lecture. 

114 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Memorials
Wright Brothers Memorial 

Wind Tunnel

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

The Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel. Technology Review,

June 1938, vol. 40, p. 362, +illus. 

Note on new wind tunnel under construction.

Lewis, George W. The Value of the Wind Tunnel in

Aeronautical Research and Design. U.S. Air Services,

Oct. 1938, vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 25—27.

Published also with illustrations of the wind tunnel

with title, Why Wind Tunnels, Technology Review,

Nov. 1938, vol. 41, pp. 24—25, 50—54.

Address delivered on September 12 at the dedication of the Wright Brothers Memorial Wind Tunnel at

the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Wright Brothers High Pressure Wind Tunnel. Aero

Digest, Oct. 1938, vol. 33, no. 4, p. 63.

Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel. Aero Equipment Review,

Nov. 1938, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 4, +illus.

Pan American Aviation Day

(December 17)

U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution Authorizing the

Participation of the United States in the Celebration of a

Pan American Aviation Day, to be Observed on

December 17, of Each Year, the Anniversary of the First

Successful Flight of a Heavier-than-Air Machine.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, [1940],

2 pp. (76th Congress, 3d Session. House. J. Res. 595).

Introduced August 27, 1940, by Robert L. Mouton

of Louisiana; referred to the Committee on the

Judiciary. An identical bill, H. J. Res. 597, was introduced August 29 by Charles A. Plumley of Vermont

and also referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Joint Resolution Authorizing the

Participation of the United States in the Celebration of a

Pan American Aviation Day, to be Observed on

December 17 of Each Year, the Anniversary of the First

Successful Flight of a Heavier-than-Air Machine.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, [1940],

2 pp. (76th Congress, 3d Session. Senate. J. Res. 295).

Introduced September 6, 1940, by Mr. William H.

Smathers of New Jersey; reported (no. 2169) with

amendment, submitted by Bennett Champ Clark,

September 24, 1940; passed Senate September 30;

passed House October 2; approved October 10 and

published in United States Statutes at Large, 1939-

1941, vol. 54, pt. 1, p. 1093. 

U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution Authorizing the

Annual Issue of a Series of Air Mail Stamps on PanAmerican Aviation Day. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, [1939], 2 pp. (76th Congress, 3rd

Session. House. J. Res. 615).

Introduced October 14, 1940, by Mr. J. Hardin

Peterson of Florida; referred to the Committee on Post

Office and Post Roads.

Closer Relationships Stressed in Addresses on the

Occasion of Pan American Aviation Day. Extension of

Remarks of Hon. Jennings Randolph. Congressional

Record, Dec. 18, 1940, vol. 86, appendix pp.

A6905—A6906.

Includes addresses by Dr. L. S. Rowe and Thomas

Burke delivered December 17.

Borges, Ivo. Protesto. Asas, Jan. 1941, vol. 10, p. 1.

Author protests the naming of December 17 as Pan

American Aviation Day.

Celebration of Pan American Aviation Day. Extension of

Remarks of Hon. J. Sparkman. Congressional Record,

Jan. 2, 1941, vol. 86, pp. 7039—7040.

Account of programs held December 17.

Pan American Aviation Day. In United States Statutes at

Large, 1937-1941, vol. 54, pt. 2, pp. 2765—2766.

Proclamation of President Roosevelt, November

18, 1940, designating December 17, 1940, and

December 17, of each succeeding year as Pan

American Aviation Day in accordance with Public

Resolution No. 105, approved October 10, 1940. 

Suggestions for Pan American Activities in Observance

of Pan American Aviation Day, December 17 in Chicago

Public Schools. Chicago: Bureau of Curriculum, Board

of Education, 1944, 28 pp.

Aviation Day and 

National Aviation Day

(August 19)

Aviation Day. Extension of Remarks of Hon. Robert R.

Reynolds of North Carolina. Congressional Record, Jan.

28, 1939, vol. 84, appendix pp. A314—A315.

Reprints article from St. Petersburg, Florida,

Independent, January 12, 1939, proposing the desigA Bibliography 115

Memorials
nation of an Aviation Day in honor of American air

heroes, particularly Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Aviation Day in America. Extension of Remarks of Hon.

Jennings Randolph. Congressional Record, Feb. 28,

1939, vol. 84, appendix pp. A750—A751.

Statement of J. E. Myers favoring the designation

of Orville Wright s birthday as an annual aviation day.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Joint Resolution Designating

August 19 of Each Year as National Aviation Day.

[Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1939],

1 p. (76th Congress, 1st Session. Senate. J. Res. 111).

Introduced April 3, 1939, by Mr. Claude Pepper of

Florida, passed Senate May 4, passed House May 5.

Numerous similar bills, Senate Joint Resolution 53

and House Joint Resolutions 134, 147, 229—240, 251,

and 253, also were introduced at this session.

National Aviation Day. In United States Statutes at

Large, 1939, vol. 53, pt. 3, p. 2548.

Published also in Code of Federal Regulations of

the United States 1939 Supplement, Washington,

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1940, pp. 36—37.

Text of President Roosevelt s proclamation signed

July 25, 1939, designating August 19 as National

Aviation Day, as provided in Public Resolution No.

14, 76th Congress, approved May 11, 1939. 

U.S. Congress. Senate. Joint Resolution Authorizing the

Issuance of an Air Mail National Aviation Day Stamp.

[Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1940],

1 p. (76th Congress, 3rd Session. Senate. J. Res. 265).

Introduced May 27, 1940, by Mr. Robert R.

Reynolds of North Carolina; referred to the

Committee on Post Office and Post Roads.

Wright Skyway

(Washington—Los Angeles)

Wright Skyway, Four Others to Be Dedicated April 

24-25. National Aeronautics, Apr. 1948, vol. 27, no. 4, 

p. 15.

Announces plans for the dedication of the Wright

Skyway between Los Angeles and Washington,

including the erection of a bronze tablet at Wright

Field, Dayton, Ohio.

First Skyways Dedicated across Nation. Wrightway

Gains Fame. Aviation News Beacon, Apr. 22, 1948, vol.

3, no. 17, p. 1.

Announcement of plans for dedication, April 24,

1948.

Wright Memorial Trophy

(National Aeronautics Association)

New Wright Memorial Trophy Goes to Dr. Durand.

National Aeronautics, Dec. 1948, vol. 27, no. 12, p. 5. 

Announces presentation for the first time of a

Wright trophy founded by Dr. Godfrey Lowell Cabot

to be awarded annually by the National Aeronautics

Association for significant public service of enduring

value to aviation in the United States. 

Victory, John F. Wright Brothers Memorial Award.

Pegasus, Dec. 1949, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 12—13, +illus.

Wright Memorial Trophy Facts. National Aeronautics,

Jan. 1963, vol. 42, p. 13.

Lists recipients, 1948-1962.

Wright Brothers Airmail

Commemorative Stamp

(1949)

Wright Brothers Air Mail Stamp to Be Placed on FirstDay Sale at Kitty Hawk, N.C., Dec. 17. Stamps, Nov. 5,

1949, vol. 69, p. 225, +illus. 

Brief description of stamp.

Ellis, F. Some Notes on the Wright Brothers and Stamps

Honoring Their Aeroplane. Stamps, Dec. 10, 1949, vol.

69, pp. 454—455, +illus. 

Note on the 2-cent International Civil Aeronautics

Conference stamp issue of 1928, issued on the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Wright brothers first flight,

and the forthcoming 6-cent airmail stamp, authorized

by the Post Office Dept. August 15, 1949, both of

which show the Wright 1903 aeroplane in flight.

Glass, Sol. Wright Brothers Airmail Commemorative

Stamp, 6¢ Red Issued December 17, 1949. Bureau

Specialist, Aug. 1950, vol. 2, p. 181, +illus. 

Gives technical details.

Wilbur and Orville Wright

Laboratory of Physics

(Oberlin College)

Wilbur and Orville Wright Laboratory of Physics Oberlin.

College Bulletin, July 1950, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 1—40.

116 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Memorials
Announcement of naming of New Physics

Laboratory at Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, for

Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Fiftieth Anniversary of 

First Powered Flight Stamp

(1953)

U.S. Congress. House. A Bill to Provide for the Issuance

of a Special Air-Mail Postage Stamp in Commemoration

of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Wright Brothers Flight

at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Washington, D.C.:

[Government Printing Office, 1953], 2 pp. (83rd

Congress, 1st Session. H. R. 4217).

Introduced March 25, by Mr. Peter F. Mack of

Illinois; referred to the Committee on Post Office and

Civil Service.

Official Post Office Department Notice Concerning New

6¢ Air Mail Stamp. Airpost Journal, Apr. 1953, vol. 24,

no. 7, p. 220 and cover.

Details on stamp commemorating the 50th anniversary of powered flight.

Gatchell, L. B. Sidelights on the Campaign for a Wright

Commemorative Stamp. Airpost Journal, May 1953,

vol. 24, pp. 266—267, +illus. 

Published also in Stamps, May 16, 1953, vol. 83,

pp. 236—237.

Discusses plans and designs, 1943-1953, for a

stamp honoring the Wrights.

Glass, Sol. Fiftieth Anniversary of Powered Flight

Issue. Bureau Specialist, Sept. 1953, vol. 24, pp. 191,

193, 200, +illus. 

Technical details on commemorative 6-cent air

mail stamp issued May 9, 1953. Shows Wright 1903

aeroplane in silhouette.

Wright Brothers Day

(December 17)

U.S. Congress. House. Wright Brothers Day. Report [To

Accompany H. J. Res. 513]. September 2, 1959.

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1959, 1

p. (86th Congress. House. Report no. 1130).

Introduced by Rep. Joseph W. Martin Jr. of

Massachusetts, August 31, 1959. Referred to the

Committee on the Judiciary, passed House September

3, and Senate September 9. 

Designates December 17, 1959, as Wright

Brothers Day. 

Wright Brothers Day Proclamation. National

Aeronautics, Nov. 1959, vol. 38, p. 2.

President Eisenhower s proclamation issued

September 21, 1959.

Joint Resolution Designating the 17th Day of December

1959 as Wright Brothers Day. United States Statutes at

Large, vol. 73, 1959, p. 583.

House Joint Resolution 513, approved and proclaimed September 21, 1959 (Public Law 86-304).

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Judiciary. Wright

Brothers Day. Report [To Accompany H. J. Res. 109].

May 22, 1961. Washington, D.C.: Government Print.

Office, 1961, 2 pp. (87th Congress, 1st Session. House.

Report no. 423).

Introduced by Rep. Joseph W. Martin Jr. of

Massachusetts, January 6, 1961. Referred to

Committee on Judiciary, passed House June 5 and

Senate September 11.

Designates December 17, 1961, as Wright

Brothers Day.

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Judiciary. Wright

Brothers Day. Report [To Accompany H. J. Res. 109].

September 7, 1961. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1961, 1 p. (87th Congress, 1st Session.

Senate. Report no. 885).

Similar to House Report No. 423.

Whitener, Ralph V. Wanted a Day for the Wright

Brothers. National Aeronautics, Sept. 1961, vol. 40, p. 4.

A plea for the establishment of December 17, each

year, as Wright Brothers Day.

Joint Resolution Designating the 17th Day of December

1961 as Wright Brothers Day. United States Statutes at

Large, vol. 75, 1961, p. 611.

House Joint Resolution 109, approved and proclaimed September 22, 1961 (Public Law 87-291).

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Judiciary. Wright

Brothers Day Report [To Accompany H. J. Res. 335].

September 17, 1963. Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1963, 1 p. (88th Congress, 1st Session.

House. Report no. 752).

Introduced by Rep. Joseph W. Martin Jr. of

Massachusetts, March 21, 1963. Referred to

Committee on Judiciary, passed House October 7 and

Senate December 6. 

Authorizes the observance of a Wright Brothers

Day on December 17 of each year.

A Bibliography 117

Memorials
Joint Resolution Designating the 17th Day of

December Each Year as Wright Brothers Day. United

States Statutes at Large, vol. 77, 1963, p. 402.

House Joint Resolution 335, approved and proclaimed December 17, 1963 (Public Law 88-209).

Wright Brothers Day, 1966. Proclamation 3757.

December 1, 1966. Weekly Compilation of Presidential

Documents, Dec. 5, 1966, vol. 2, pp. 1750—1751.

President Johnson s proclamation designating

December 17, 1966, as Wright Brothers Day.

Medals and Honors

General

Deposition of William J. Hammer, January 28, 1911. In

The Wright Company Vs. Herring Curtiss Co. and

Glenn H. Curtiss, Complainant s Record, New York:

1912, pp. 20—208, 833, +illus. 

Summarized also in The Wright Company Vs.

Claude Grahame—White, Brief for Complainant on

Final Hearing, New York: 1911, pp. 3—8.

Includes enumeration of recognitions and honors

tendered Wrights in 1908 and 1909, pp. 24—34, with

an accompanying photographic reproduction of

many of them.

Acadamie des Sports Medal

L A ronautique l Acad mie des Sports, L A rophile,

Nov. 1, 1908, vol. 16, p. 429.

Includes announcement of the award, October 16,

of the Acad mie des Sports medal to Wilbur and

Orville Wright.

Aero-Club de France Gold Medal

Ehrungen Wilbur Wrights. Illustrierte Aeronautische

Mitteilungen, Nov. 4, 1908, vol. 12, p. 695.

Includes announcement of the award in September

of the A ro-Club of France s gold medal to Wilbur

and Orville Wright.

Aeronautical Society of 

Great Britain Medal

Letter from Mr. Wilbur Wright. Aeronautical Journal,

Jan. 1909, vol. 13, p. 3, +illus. (facing p. 2).

Wilbur Wright s letter from Le Mans, December 3,

1908, acknowledging that the Wright brothers had

been voted the gold medal of the Aeronautical Society

at its November 9 meeting, in recognition of their

distinguished services to aeronautical science. 

Presentation of the Aeronautical Society s Medal. Flight,

May 8, 1909, vol. 1, pp. 260—261.

Account of ceremonies at the Institution of Civil

Engineers, London, May 3, 1909, when the medal was

presented to Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Presentation of the Gold Medal of the Aeronautical

Society of Great Britain to Messrs. Wilbur and Orville

Wright. The Aeronautical Journal, July 1909, vol. 13,

pp. 76—79, +illus. 

Includes brief speeches of acceptance by Wilbur

and Orville Wright.

Acadamie des Sciences Gold Medal

Les Medailles de l Academie des Sciences. L A rophile,

Dec. 1, 1909, vol. 17, p. 545.

Announcement of the award of an Acad mie des

Sciences medal to Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Medaille de l A ronautique. Comptes rendus de

l Acade mie des Sciences. Dec. 20, 1909, vol. 149, p.

1297.

Announcement of award of its gold medal to

Wrights.

Aero Club of America Medal

Aero Club Medal. Bulletin of the Aerial Experiment

Association, Jan. 4, 1909, no. XXVI, p. 2.

Report on visit of Alexander Graham Bell and Aero

Club of America s Committee on Medals to the White

House, December 16, 1908, to invite President

Roosevelt to attend a banquet and present a medal to

the Wrights on their return to America.

Taft to Present Wright Medals. Aeronautics, New York,

Apr. 1909, vol. 4, pp. 153—154.

118 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Medals and Honors
Announcement of plans for presentation of Aero

Club of America medals.

Gold Medals for the Great Aviators. Numismatist, May

1909, vol. 22, p. 134, +illus.

Description of medal designed by the sculptor

Victor D. Brenner for the Aero Club of America which

had sponsored a public subscription of funds for it.

Taft Presents Wright Medals. Aeronautics, July 1909,

vol. 5, pp. 25—26.

Account of the presentation ceremonies at the

White House, June 10. 

Wright Memorial Book. Compiled by the Aero Club of

America to Commemorate the Discovery by Wilbur and

Orville Wright of the Correct Principles of Maintaining

Equilibrium in the Air. [New York], 1913, 103 pp.,

+illus. 

Edition limited to three copies, first presented to

Orville Wright, December 17, 1913, second preserved

in Aero Club of America archives, third given to

Smithsonian Institution. Includes resolutions of

Congress, photographs of medals, President Taft s

speech of presentation, messages from the Governors

of ten states, thirteen scientific institutions, and numerous editorials and cartoons marking the occasion.

Congressional Gold Medal

U.S. Congress. Senate. Joint Resolution Authorizing the

Secretary of War to Award Gold Medals to Orville

Wright and Wilbur Wright. [Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1909], 2 pp. (60th

Congress, 2d Session. S. J. R. 119).

Introduced January 25 by Joseph B. Foraker of

Ohio, passed Senate January 25.

U.S. Congress. House. Joint Resolution Authorizing the

Secretary of War to Award Gold Medals to Orville

Wright and Wilbur Wright. [Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1909], 2 pp. (60th

Congress, 2d Session. H. J. Res. 246).

Introduced January 25 by J. Eugene Harding of

Ohio; referred to the Committee on Military Affairs;

reported with amendments (House Report 2042)

February 4; passed the House March 3; approved

March 4 and published in United States Statutes at

Large, 1907-1909, vol. 35, pt. 2, p. 1627. 

Gold Medal By Congress to Wright Brothers.

Numismatist, Aug. 1909, vol. 22, p. 231, +illus. 

Description of special congressional medal

designed by Messrs. Barber and Morgan of the United

States Mint and an account of its presentation by

General James Allen at Dayton, June 18. 

Ohio Medal

Ohio. Senate. Providing for the Presentation of a Medal

to Orville and Wilbur Wright, of Dayton, Ohio, in

Recognition of Their Great Genius, Displayed By Their

Invention of the Aeroplane. In Ohio. Senate. Journal.

Feb. 23, Mar. 2, 12, 1909, pp. 115, 126, 147, 153, 246,

248, 272. (Ohio. Senate. S. B. no. 107).

Introduced by Sen. George K. Cetone, February 23,

1909. Referred to Committee on Finance, February

24, passed Senate March 2 and the House, March 12.

The medal was presented by Gov. Judson Harmon in

Dayton on June 18, 1909.

Langley Medal

(Smithsonian Institution)

Smithsonian Medal for Wrights. Aeronautics, New York,

Mar. 1909, vol. 4, p. 118.

Announcement that the first award of the Langley

Medal is to go to Wilbur and Orville Wright.

Langley Medal and Memorial Tablet. In Annual Report

of the Smithsonian Institution, 1909, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1910, pp. 22, 107.

Resolution adopted by the Board of the Regents of

the Smithsonian Institution, December 15, 1908,

establishing the Langley Medal to be awarded for

specially meritorious investigation in connection with

the science of aerodromics and its application to aviation. 

Award of Langley Medal. In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1909, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1910, p. 111.

Report of committee of award and resolution,

Octave Chanute, chairman, of February 10, awarding

first Langley medal to the Wright brothers.

Langley Medal Presented to W. and O. Wright.

Aeronautics, London, Mar. 1910, vol. 3, no. 3, pp.

40—41, +illus. 

Brief account of presentation ceremonies.

Wrights Get First Langley Medal. Aviators Work

Honored by Smithsonian Institution. Fly, Mar. 1910, vol.

2, pp. 7—8, +illus.

A Bibliography 119

Medals and Honors
Presentation of the Langley Medal to the Wright

Brothers. Historical Address at the Smithsonian

Institution, Feb. 10, 1910, by Alexander Graham Bell.

Science, Mar. 4, 1910, vol. 31, pp. 334—337.

Account of presentation ceremonies, February 10,

1910, at the Smithsonian Institution.

Langley Medal Presented to Wright Bros. Flight, Mar. 5,

1910, vol. 2, p. 160, +illus. 

Presentation of Langley Medal to Messrs. Wilbur and

Orville Wright. In Annual Report of the Smithsonian

Institution, 1910, Washington, D.C.: Government

Printing Office, 1911, pp. 104—110, +illus. 

Includes addresses by Alexander Graham Bell,

Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, and remarks by Wilbur

Wright at presentation ceremonies.

Collier Trophy

(Aero Club of America)

Stabilizer Qualifies Wright for Trophy. Aero and Hydro,

Jan. 10, 1914, vol. 7, p. 179.

The Collier Trophy of the Aero Club of America for 1913

Awarded to Mr. Orville Wright for the Development and

Demonstration of the Wright Stabilizer. Flying, Feb. 1914,

vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 6—7, +illus. 

Account of demonstrations by Orville Wright

before a special committee of the Aero Club at Simms

Station, December 31, 1913, which led to the award. 

Elliott Cresson Medal

(Franklin Institute) 

Award of the Elliott Cresson Medal to Distinguished

Scientists and Technologists. Journal of the Franklin

Institute, July 1914, vol. 178, pp. 105—115.

Includes award to Orville Wright of medal, May 20,

in recognition of the epoch-making work accomplished by him, at first together with his brother

Wilbur and latterly alone, in establishing on a practical basis the science and art of aviation. 

Albert Medal

(Royal Society of Arts)

Albert Medal. Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, June

29, 1917, vol. 65, p. 564.

Announces award of distinguished British medal to

Orville Wright in recognition of the value of the contributions of Wilbur and Orville Wright to the solution

of mechanical flight. 

Lord Northcliffe Presents Albert Medal to Orville

Wright. Aerial Age Weekly, Nov. 12, 1917, vol. 6, p. 372.

Account of presentation ceremonies held in

Memorial Hall, Dayton, October 27, 1917 

Presentation of the Society s Albert Medal to Mr. Orville

Wright. Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, Jan. 25,

1918, vol. 66, p. 167.

John Fritz Medal

(American Society of Electrical Engineers)

John Fritz Medal Awarded to Orville Wright. Journal of

the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Apr.

1920, vol. 39, p. 418.

Announces award of medal to Orville Wright for

noteworthy work in the development of the aeroplane.

Orville Wright Awarded John Fritz Medal. American

Machinist, May 1920, vol. 52, p. 1118.

Account of presentation ceremonies in New York,

May 17.

Orville Wright Presented with John Fritz Medal. Power,

May 18, 1920, vol. 51, pp. 823—824.

John Fritz Medal Presented to Orville Wright. Journal of

the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, June

1920, vol. 139, p. 601.

John Fritz Medal Presented to Orville Wright.

Mechanical Engineering, June 1920, vol. 42, p. 364.

Orville Wright Honored. U.S. Air Services, June 1920,

vol. 3, no. 5, p. 17.

Orville Wright Receives John Fritz Medal. Mining &

Metallurgy, June 1920, no. 162, pp. 11—12.

Presentation of John Fritz Medal to Orville Wright.

Society of Automotive Engineers Journal, June 1920,

vol. 6, pp. 394—396.

120 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Medals and Honors
Washington Award

(Western Society of Engineers)

Orville Wright Receives Washington Award. Journal of

the Western Society of Engineers, June 1927 (news section), vol. 32, pp. 75—78.

Includes presentation address of Mr. Paul Westburg

and Orville Wright s acceptance speech, June 1, on

receipt of award, in recognition of devoted,

unselfish, and pre-eminent service in advancing

human progress. 

Distinguished-Flying Cross

U.S. Congress. House. A Bill to Authorize the President

to Present the Distinguished-Flying Cross to Orville

Wright. [Washington, D.C.: Government Printing

Office,1928], 1 p. (70th Congress, 1st Session. H.R.

13990).

Introduced May 23, 1928, by W. Frank James of

Michigan; referred to Committee on Military Affairs;

reported (House Report 1946) with amendments

December 11 (adding words and to Wilbur Wright,

Deceased ); passed House December 13, 1928. 

An Act to Authorize the President to Present the

Distinguished-Flying Cross to Orville Wright and to

Wilbur Wright, Deceased. United States Statutes at

Large, 1927-1929, vol. 45, pt. 2, p. 2036.

Approved December 18, 1928.

Wright Gets Flying Cross. New York Times, Feb. 28,

1929, p. 2.

Report of the presentation of the DistinguishedFlying Cross to Orville Wright by Secretary of War

Davis at the War Department, Washington, D.C.,

February 27. 

Daniel Guggenheim Medal

Orville Wright Presented the Daniel Guggenheim

Medal for 1929. Mechanical Engineering, May 1930,

vol. 52, p. 521.

Account of presentation, April 8, of the first Daniel

Guggenheim Medal for 1929 for design and construction, with his brother now deceased, of the first

successful engine-propelled airplane.

Franklin Medal

(Franklin Institute)

Award of Franklin Medals. Journal of the Franklin

Institute, Aug. 1933, vol. 216, pp. 239—240.

Includes account of award of medal, May 17, 1933,

to Orville Wright in absentia in recognition of the

valuable investigations carried out by him and his

brother Wilbur. 

Aircraft Pilot s Certificate No. 1

U.S. Congress. Senate. A Bill Authorizing the Issuance

to Orville Wright of Honorary Aircraft Pilot s Certificate

Number 1. [Washington, D.C.: Government Printing

Office, 1939], 1 p. (76th Congress, 1st Session. S. 2735).

Introduced June 30, 1939, by Mr. Claude Pepper of

Florida; referred to the Committee on Commerce;

reported (report no. 992), July 27, 1939; passed

Senate August 1, 1939.

U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Interstate and

Foreign Commerce. Authorizing the Issuance of

Honorary Aircraft Pilot s Certificate No. 1 to Orville

Wright. Report [To Accompany S. 2735]. [Washington,

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1940], 1 p. (76th

Congress, 3d Session. House. Report no.1911).

Submitted by Mr. Clarence F. Lea of California,

April 2, 1940, passed House June 6, 1940.

An Act Authorizing the Issuance to Orville Wright of

Honorary Aircraft Pilot s Certificate Numbered 1.

United States Statutes at Large, 1939-1941, vol. 54, pt.

2, p. 1283.

Approved June 13, 1940.

Orville Wright Presented with Honorary Pilot s License

No. 1. Air Line Pilot, July 1940, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 1, port. 

States that Air Line Pilot s Association was cosponsor of bill which authorized issuance of license.

Orville Wright Gets Certificate No. 1. Civil Aeronautics

Journal, Sept. 15, 1940, vol. 1, p. 429.

Announcement of presentation of certificate at ceremonies dedicating Wright Brothers Hill, Dayton,

Ohio, August 19. 

A Bibliography 121

Medals and Honors
Aviation Hall of Fame

(Air Force Magazine)

Aviation s Hall of Fame. Air Force, Dec. 1953, vol. 36,

p. 32, +illus. 

Announces the establishment by Air Force of an

Aviation Hall of Fame with Wilbur and Orville Wright

as the first two nominations.

Hall of Fame for Great Americans

(New York University)

Wright Brothers Accomplishments to Be Commemorated

in New York University Hall of Fame. Mechanical

Engineering, Aug. 1958, vol. 80, p. 124.

Reports that the Senate of New York University

waived the 25-year eligibility rule to permit the nomination of Orville Wright in the 1960 elections of the

Hall of Fame for Great Americans. Orville was nominated in 1960 and elected on October 28, 1965. 

New York University. Hall of Fame for Great

Americans. Wilbur Wright. In its Hall of Fame for Great

Americans at New York University; Official Handbook,

New York: New York University Press, 1962, p. 94.

Wilbur Wright was elected to the Hall of Fame for

Great Americans in 1955.

Memorabilia

Aeroplanes

The Wright Brothers. Washington, D.C.: National Air

Museum, Smithsonian Institution, 1959, [11] p., +illus.

(Its Information Leaflet 8 (rev.)) 

Concise factual informational leaflet about the

Wrights and exhibits in the National Air Museum

(now National Air and Space Museum) pertaining to

the Wright brothers, including the Wright 1903 aeroplane, the Military Flyer, Type A, 1909, and

Transcontinental Flyer, Type EX, Vin Fiz, 1911. 

1903 Machine

The Original Wright Aeroplane, 1903. In Science

Museum, Handbook of the Collections Illustrating

Aeronautics, London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office,

1929, vol. 1, p. 72.

Included also in 1935 edition of the Handbook, vol.

1, p. 76.

Descriptive note on Wright 1903 aeroplane exhibited in the Science Museum, 1929-1948. 

Williams, Al. Bring Home the One and Only Kitty Hawk

Plane. U.S. Air Services, Mar. 1946, vol. 31, no. 3, p. 20.

Reprinted from his syndicated column in the

Scripps-Howard newspapers.

Kitty Hawk Biplane Awaits Suitable Home. Aviation

News, Nov. 18, 1946, vol. 6, no. 21, pp. 11—12.

Brief note on Orville s current views.

[Findley, Earl N.] Orville Wright Ordered Return to

America of Original Airplane. U.S. Air Services, Feb.

1948, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 15—16.

Gives text of letters exchanged, December 8, 1943,

and January 5, 1944, between Colonel E. E.

Mackintosh, Director of the Science Museum,

London, and Orville in which latter asks return of

Wright 1903 plane.

McSurely, Alexander. Orville Wright s Death May

Return Kitty Hawk Plane to U.S. Museum. Aviation

Week, Feb. 9, 1948, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 13—14.

Nephews Will Decide Wright Plane Date. Aviation Week,

Feb. 16, 1948, vol. 48, no. 7, p. 12.

Note on Orville Wright s will and expressed wishes regarding return of the 1903 Wright aeroplane to

the United States.

Picture Story of the Week; Kitty Hawk Will Come

Home. Scholastic, Feb. 23, 1948, vol. 52, p. 6.

Wright Biplane May Return to U.S., August 19. Aviation

Week, Feb. 23, 1948, vol. 48, no. 8, p. 7.

Departure of the Pioneer. Flight, Oct. 21, 1948, vol. 54,

p. 476, +illus. 

Account of the ceremony October 18 of the

removal of the Wright 1903 plane from exhibit at the

Science Museum and its handing over to Mr. L.

Satterthwaite, American civil air attach , who

received it on behalf of the U. S. government.

The Wright Biplane Goes Home. Aeroplane, Oct. 22,

1948, vol. 75, p. 523.

Brief note on removal ceremony at Science

Museum, October 18.

122 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Memorabilia
Back to the Beginning. Flight, Oct. 28, 1948, vol. 54, pp.

505—507, +illus. 

Further note on ceremonies held at Science

Museum, October 18.

Kitty Hawk in Museum. Aviation Week, Nov. 29, 1948,

vol. 49, no. 22, p. 15.

Announces the arrival of the Wright 1903 plane at

the Smithsonian Institution.

[Findley, Earl N.] The Kitty Hawk Comes Home at Last.

U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1948, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 5—6.

Editorial comment on return of Wright 1903 plane

to America.

Kitty Hawk s Last Landing. Air Force, Dec. 1948, vol.

31, no. 12, pp. 18—19.

Wright Plane Return Was Featured Event of 45th

Anniversary. National Aeronautics and Flight Plan,

Dec. 1948, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 6—7.

McSurely, Alexander. Wright Plane Back Home at Last.

Aviation Week, Dec. 13, 1948, vol. 49, no. 24, pp. 16—18,

+illus. 

Brief history of the 1903 Wright plane.

U.S. National Museum Is Given Wright Aeroplane.

Museum News, Jan. 1, 1949, vol. 26, no. 13, pp. 1—2,

+illus.

Franks, Oliver. It Is a Little as if We Had Before Us the

Original Wheel. The Most Remarkable Example of the

Audacity of Man. U.S. Air Services, Mar. 1949, vol. 34,

no. 3, pp. 11—12, +illus. 

Address delivered by the British Ambassador at

ceremony marking formal installation of the 1903

Wright aeroplane in the National Air Museum of the

Smithsonian Institution, December 17, 1948. 

America Welcomes the Kittyhawk. Some Extracts from

the American Press on the Return of the Aeronautical

Beau Geste. Pylon, June 1949, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 21.

True, Webster P. Operation Homecoming. Sperryscope, Winter 1949, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 2—3, +illus. 

Account of shipment of 1903 plane to the United

States from England.

Exhibition [of the Wright Brothers 1903 Aeroplane]. In

Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution, 1949,

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1950,

pp. 117—118.

Brief report by the curator of the National Air

Museum, Paul E. Garber, on the shipment of the

Wright 1903 aeroplane from Nova Scotia to

Washington and its installation in the Museum for the

presentation ceremonies, December 17, 1948. 

Presentation of the Wright Brothers Aeroplane of 1903

to the United States National Museum. In Annual Report

of the Smithsonian Institution, 1949, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1950, pp. 3—5, 20.

Brief report on presentation ceremonies, December

17, 1948.

Beck, Mabel. The First Airplane After 1903. U.S. Air

Services, Dec. 1954, vol. 39, pp. 9—10.

An account by the secretary of the Wright brothers,

1910-1948, of the history of the original Wright 1903

aeroplane: its storage, renovation, various exhibitions,

1916-1924, until the aeroplane was shipped to

England on January 28, 1928, to be exhibited in the

Science Museum, South Kensington.

1903 Reproductions

Thirty-Eight Years of Flight. [Franklin] Institute News,

Dec. 1941, vol. 6, no. 8, p. 7, +illus. 

Brief note on the Franklin Institute Hall of Aviation

and mention of its scale model of the Wright 1903

aeroplane, built with the aid of suggestions of Orville

Wright.

Wright, H. D. The Wright Biplane Replica. Pylon, June

1949, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 17—20, +illus. 

Account of the building of the replica by the students of the De Havilland Aeronautical Technical

School for installation in the Science Museum.

Replica of Wright Aeroplane 1903. Constructed by the

De Havilland Aeronautical Technical School. In Davy,

M. J. B., Aeronautics: Heavier-than-Air Aircraft; Their

History and Development As Illustrated By the National

Collection. Part II, Catalogue of the Exhibits with

Descriptive Notes, London: H. Majesty s Stationery

Office, 1949, p. 28.

Johnston, S. Paul. [Signed S. P. J.] Wright Replica.

Aeronautical Engineering Review, July 1953, vol. 12,

no. 7, pp. 22—23, +illus. 

Brief report on full-scale reproduction of the

Wright 1903 aeroplane built cooperatively by 24 West

Coast manufacturers and assembled by the Northrop

Aeronautical Institute for display at the Los Angeles

headquarters building of the Institute of the

Aeronautical Sciences (now American Institute of

Aeronautics and Astronautics).

A Bibliography 123

Memorabilia
Replica of the Kitty Hawk Aeroplane. Western Aviation,

July 1953, vol. 33 p. 7, +illus. 

The reproduction was built through the cooperation

of twenty industrial organizations in Southern

California in observance of the fiftieth anniversary of

powered flight.

Full-Scale Replica Original Wright Airplane. U.S. Air

Services, Aug. 1953, vol. 38, p. 6.

Reports the unveiling on July 15, 1953, in Los

Angeles, of the only full-scale reproduction, at that

time, of the original Wright aeroplane in the United

States, a project of the Institute of the Aeronautical

Sciences.

Dodge, Beverly A. Wright Reproduction. Aeronautical

Engineering Review, Oct. 1953, vol. 12, pp. 24—27,

+illus. 

Describes the cooperative effort which resulted in

the building of a full-scale reproduction of the Wright

brothers 1903 aeroplane. The model was installed on

permanent exhibition in the W. F. Durand

Aeronautical Museum of the Institute of the

Aeronautical Sciences (now American Institute of

Aeronautics and Astronautics) in Los Angeles in July

1952 and was officially dedicated by Lt. Gen. James

H. Doolittle, USAF (Ret.), on July 15, 1953.

1903 Wright Flyer. Aerospace, Dec. 1963, vol. 1, pp.

18—26 (and cover), +illus. 

Presents details and photographs of the reconstruction of a Wright Flyer by the National Capitol

Section of the American Institute of Aeronautics and

Astronautics which was presented to the Wright

National Memorial Museum at Kill Devil Hill, N. C. 

A Wright Replica in Los Angeles. Esso Air World,

Mar./Apr. 1954, vol. 6, p. 127, +illus.

Brief report on the building of a full-scale reproduction of the Wright 1903 biplane.

Maycock, C. B. Prototypes Worth Modeling. No. 37

The Wright Biplane. Model Aircraft, Dec. 1953, vol. 12,

pp. 582—583, +illus.

1905 Machine

The Wright Brothers. Dayton, Ohio: Carillon Park,

[1950], 26 pp., +illus. 

The restored 1905 Wright aeroplane is in Wright

Hall in Carillon Park and is discussed pp. 15—17. 

1908 Machine

(France)

Wright Aeroplane in the French Museum. Aeronautics,

New York, June 1909, vol. 4, p. 191.

States that the 1908 aeroplane used by Wilbur

Wright in France has been presented by the Weiler

syndicate to the Arts et M tiers Museum in Paris.

1909 Machine

(Germany)

Hildebrandt, Alfred. Vom Flugahnen zum H henflug,

Berlin: VDI-Verlag GmbH, 1933, 93 pp., +illus.

(Deutsches Museum. Abhandlung und Berichte. 5 Jahr.,

Heft 3).

The Wrights are discussed, pp. 71—72, with a photograph of their model A aeroplane flown by Orville at

Tempelhof, Germany, in August 1909, now in the

Deutsches Museum, Munich. 

1909 Signal Corps Machine

Chandler, Charles D., and Lahm, Frank P. Signal Corps

No. 1 to Smithsonian. In their How Our Army Grew

Wings, New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1943, p.

187.

Note on circumstance leading to the deposit of the

Wright 1909 aeroplane in the Smithsonian Institution,

October 1911.

Wright Military Flyer Type A 1909. Wright-Patterson

Air Force Base, Ohio, [1960], 4 pp. (Air Force Museum

folder no. 1).

Consists of three-view drawings and specifications

of a reproduction of a Wright-built, modified Model

A aeroplane on exhibit in the Air Force Museum.

1903 Motor

The Original Wright Aero-Engine, 1903. In Science

Museum, Handbook of the Collections Illustrating

Aeronautics, London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office,

1930, vol. 3, p. 60.

Included also in 1936 edition of the Handbook, vol.

3, p. 66.

Brief description of the Wright 1903 engine exhibited in the Science Museum, 1929-1948. 

124 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Memorabilia
Andrews, J. R. A 1903 Engine Re-Born. Working

Replica of Wright Brothers Power Unit Constructed in

D. H. Technical School. Flight, July 13, 1961, vol. 60,

p. 49, +illus. 

Reprinted from Pylon.

Brodie, J. L. P. Testing a Wright Engine. Aeroplane, Dec.

18, 1953, vol. 85, p. 827, +illus.

Describes test run conducted November 1950 of the

reproduction of the Wright 1903 aeroplane engine

which was presented to the Science Museum, South

Kensington, London, April 25, 1951. 

4-Cylinder Motor

(1909)

Wright-Boll e Engine, 1909. In Science Museum,

Handbook of the Collections Illustrating Aeronautics,

London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1930, vol. 3,

p. 60.

Included also in 1936 edition of the Handbook, vol.

3, p. 67.

Brief description of the French-built Wright engine

presented to the Science Museum by Alec Ogilvie.

4-Cylinder Motor

(1910)

Wright Brothers [Engine]. Notes, Museum of Science

and Industry, Chicago, Apr. 1938, vol. 1, no. 5, p. 39.

A Wright 4-cylinder engine, 1910.

6-60 Motor

60 H. P. Wright Engine 1915. In Science Museum,

Handbook of the Collections Illustrating Aeronautics,

London: H. Majesty s Stationery Office, 1930, vol. 3,

p. 61.

Included also in the 1936 edition of the Handbook,

vol. 3, p. 67. 

Brief description of engine loaned for exhibit purposes by the Imperial War Museum.

Wind Tunnel Apparatus

McClarren, Ralph. The Wright Brothers Aeronautical

Engineering Collection at the Franklin Institute,

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Journal of the Franklin

Institute, Aug. 1951, vol. 252, pp. 175—196, +illus. 

Detailed account and inventory of the original wind

tunnel apparatus, model airfoils, test data, and drawings of the Wright brothers early aeroplanes deeded

to the Franklin Institute by Orville Wright.

Barnaby, Ralph S. Wright Material at the Franklin

Institute. U.S. Air Services, Mar. 1954, vol. 39, p. 11.

Report on the formal opening on December 17,

1953, of an exhibition of material deeded to the

Institute by Orville Wright, comprising all original

wind tunnel apparatus, model airfoils, test data, and

drawings of the Wright brothers early aeroplanes and

engines, some airfoil models and aircraft models tested for the Wright Company at McCook Field, during

1919, 1920, and 1921, as well as some of Orville

Wright s later experimental aviation devices.

Eckhardt, George H. Work Sheets of the Wright

Brothers. Science Digest, Oct. 1961, vol. 50, pp. 7—12.

Popular account of Wright materials in the collections of the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, comprising drawings, work sheets, data books, the original

1901 lift and drag balances, and a model of the Wright

1903 biplane, stated by Orville Wright to be even

more accurate than the original aeroplane, on which

later changes were made.

Medals

Dayton Art Institute Receives All Medals Awarded to

Wright Brothers. Museum News, Mar. 15, 1948, vol.

25, p. 2.

Announces receipt by bequest from Orville Wright

of all the bronzes, all the gold, and other medals

owned by him.

Dayton Marks a Famous Flight. Art Digest, Feb. 1, 1954,

vol. 28, p. 25.

Brief note on exhibition by the Dayton Art Institute,

Ohio, titled Flight, Fantasy, Faith, Fact, commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the first Wright brothers powered flights. Exhibits included the Institute s

collection of medals, awards, citations, and degrees

conferred on the Wrights for their achievements.

Papers

The Hart O. Berg Collection. Journal of the

Aeronautical Sciences, Aug. 1939, vol. 6, p. 427.

A Bibliography 125

Memorabilia
Collection of early aeronautical materials of Hart

O. Berg, business associate of the Wrights, including

valuable and rare photographs, books, and clippings

which contain much unique material on the early

work of the Wright brothers. Presented to the Institute

of the Aeronautical Sciences.

Diary of Orville Wright at Library of Congress. Airpost

Journal, Nov. 1948, vol. 20, p. 70.

Reports showing of a page, entry of December 17,

1903, from Orville Wright s diary on the occasion of

the meeting of the American Association for the

Advancement of Science, September 13-20. 

Wright Brothers Papers to Library of Congress. U.S. Air

Services, June 1949, vol. 34, no. 6, p. 6.

Announcement of acquisition of the Wright Papers

from the Orville Wright Estate, June 5, 1949. 

Eells, Richard and staff. Wright Brothers Scrapbooks.

Library of Congress Quarterly Journal of Current

Acquisitions. Aug. 1949, vol. 6, pp. 37—39.

Report by the Aeronautics Division of the Library

of Congress on the acquisition of a microfilm of the

eleven-volume scrapbook collection maintained by

the Wrights, 1902-1948. The original volumes were

presented to the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences,

May 1949, by the Orville Wright Estate and transferred to the Library of Congress in 1964.

New Print of Photograph of Wright Brothers First

Power Flight Made by Library of Congress. U.S. Air

Services, Apr. 1953, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 8—9, +illus. 

Reprinting of Library of Congress press release

announcing the making of an improved print from an

original glass-plate negative given to the Library of

Congress in 1949 by the Orville Wright Estate.

McFarland, Marvin, and Renstrom, Arthur. The Papers

of Wilbur and Orville Wright. Library of Congress

Quarterly Journal of Current Acquisitions, Aug. 1950,

vol. 7, pp. 23—34, +illus. 

Extensive account of the Wright brothers papers

received by the Library of Congress, May 27, 1949,

from the Estate of Orville Wright, giving history of

acquisition and outline of contents and materials in

the collection.

Watches

Wright Brothers Watches Exhibited in Aeronautical

Archives. Aeronautical Engineering Review, Dec. 1949,

vol. 8, no. 12, p. 9, +illus. 

Announcement of the bequest to the Institute of the

Aeronautical Sciences by the Estate of Orville Wright

of watches, medals, and other Wright memorabilia.

The watches were transferred in 1965 to the National

Air and Space Museum.

Art

Bronze Busts of Wright Brothers. Air Corps News

Letter, July 1, 1937, vol. 20, no. 13, p. 7.

Note on busts, by the sculptor Seth Velsy, which

were installed in the rotunda of the Army Aeronautical

Museum, Dayton, June 15, 1937. Several sets were

cast from the original bronzes, one of which was presented to the University of Maine in October 1938.

Another set is in Wright Hall, Carillon Park, Dayton. 

Italians Honor Memory of Wilbur Wright. U.S. Air

Services, Sept. 1947, vol. 32, no. 9, p. 33.

Note on forthcoming aeronautical festival at

Centocelle, Italy, to be opened by the unveiling of a

marble statue of Wilbur Wright.

Wilbur Wright Honored in Rome, Bust Unveiled. New

York Times, Nov. 2, 1947, p. 47, col. 6.

Opening Up in Italy. Aeroplane, Nov. 28, 1947, vol. 73,

p. 693.

Includes account of ceremonies on Aviation Day,

November 1, at Centocelle Airport, near Rome at

which a marble bust of Wilbur Wright, the work of

sculptor Pier Gabrielle Vangelli, was unveiled. It was

presented by Gianni Caproni in the name of Italian

pilots and aviation pioneers. At Centocelle the first

Italian military pilot, Lt. Mario Calderara, received

instruction from Wilbur Wright.

Portrait By Lewis Eugene Thompson as Displayed at the

Institute s New York Headquarters. Aeronautical

Engineering Review, Mar. 1948, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 14, +illus.

Portrait of Orville with bust of Wilbur, and Kitty

Hawk aeroplane in background.

The Kitty Hawk Plane. Painting by Melbourne Brindle.

Collier s, Dec. 25, 1948, vol. 22, no. 26, pp. 10, 32—33,

+illus. 

Also reproduced in Sperryscope, Winter 1949, vol.

11, no. 8, cover. 

Reproduction of water-color painting, original of

which was presented to the Smithsonian Institution on

December 17, 1948, on the occasion of the forty-fifth

anniversary of the first Wright 1903 flights and now

on exhibit in the National Air and Space Museum.

126 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Art
The Wright Brothers. Collier s, Dec. 25, 1948, vol. 122,

no. 26, p. 10 and cover.

Painting of the Wright brothers by Arthur Lidov

from a composite portrait photograph by Hollinger &

Company, 1907. Donated by Orville Wright to the

Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences.

[Bronze Bust of Wilbur Wright] In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1950, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1951, pp. 125, 132.

Brief descriptive note on bust of Wilbur Wright by

the sculptor Oskar J. W. Hansen, presented to the

Smithsonian Institution, January 27, 1950, by Mr. and

Mrs. Elmer F. Weiboldt.

[Oil Portrait of Wilbur Wright] In Annual Report of the

Smithsonian Institution, 1951, Washington, D.C.:

Government Printing Office, 1952, pp. 127, 132.

Note on receipt of oil portrait done from life by J.

A. Herve Mathe. Commissioned by Frank S. Lahm

and given to Smithsonian Institution by his son and

daughter, Gen. Frank P. Lahm and Mrs. Frank Parker.

Wilbur and Orville Wright and Their

Accomplishments, an Oil Painting By Dwight

Mutchler. Dedication, December 17, 1959. Columbus:

The F. J. Heer Printing Company, 1959, 9 pp. 

Descriptive booklet produced by the Public Works

Department of Ohio and the Ohio Historical Society

on the occasion of the unveiling of the painting. The

painting was authorized by the Ohio General

Assembly, May 1957, to be hung in the Ohio State

Capitol Building and the commission awarded to

Dwight Mutchler of Athens, Ohio, October 11, 1958. 

Sweet, Floyd J. SSA to Participate at Kitty Hawk.

Soaring, Dec. 1963, vol. 27, p. 21.

Announcement of bronze memorial plaque, the

work of Capt. Ralph S. Barnaby, gift of the Soaring

Society of America, honoring the Wright brothers, to

be unveiled December 17, 1963, at Kitty Hawk, N.C.

SSA Installs Plaque at Kitty Hawk. Soaring, Mar. 1964,

vol. 28, pp. 8—9, +illus. 

The plaque consists of the likenesses of Wilbur and

Orville Wright in bas-relief and the caption They

Taught Us To Fly. Accurately depicted on the background of the plaque are the gliders which the Wrights

flew on the Kitty Hawk dunes in 1901, 1902, and

1911. 

Haggerty, James J. and Warren Reiland Smith. The U.S.

Air Force; a Pictorial History in Art, New York and

Washington, D.C.: Books, Inc., 1966, 261 pp., +illus. 

Comprises reproductions from the U. S. Air Force Art

Collection. Included, pp. 2—7, are The Wright

Brothers First Powered Flight, by Harvey Kidder;

Lieutenant Lahm s First Flight [with Orville

Wright], by Richard Green; and The Wright

Brothers at Fort Myer, by John McCoy.

New York University. The Hall of Fame for Great

Americans. Unveiling of the Busts and Tablets for

Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright in the Auditorium of

the Library of New York University, University Heights,

New York, May 7, 1967 New York: 1967, 24 pp.,

+illus. 

Program issued for the occasion, setting forth and

illustrating some of the highlights in the career of the

Wright brothers. The bust of Wilbur Wright is the

work of Vincent Glinsky, and that of Orville Wright

the work of Paul Fjelde. A Wright brothers medal

designed by Paul Fjelde was also issued in commemoration of the event.

Poetry

Andrews, John W. The Story of Orville and Wilbur

Wright at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. [Sixtieth

Anniversary Edition]. Westport, Connecticut: Pavilion

Press, 1963, 31 pp.

Originally published as a part of his poem titled

Prelude to Icarus, New York: Farrar & Rinehart,

1936, pp. 115—134; also published in 1962 in Cape

Hatteras edition, Westport, Connecticut: Pavilion

Press, 1962, 29 pp. Brief extract published in Wings:

An Anthology of Flight, Bryden, H. G. ed., London:

Faber and Faber, 1942, p. 128.

Based on early experiments of the Wright brothers

at Kitty Hawk, N.C. 

Baker, Joseph B. The Aviator. Aeronautics, June 1909,

vol. 4, p. 174.

On Wilbur Wright.

Ben t, Rosemary, and Ben t, Stephen Vincent. Wilbur

and Orville Wright. In their A Book of Americans, New

York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1933, pp. 106—107.

Juvenile book.

Ben t, William R. Kitty Hawk. In his With Wings as

Eagles; Poems and Ballads of the Air, New York: Dodd,

Mead, 1940, pp. 3—5.

Commander, Kingsmill. The Flagship. A Song of

Nineteen-Three. In his Vikings of the Stars, New York:

Harold Vinal, 1928, pp. 14—15.

A Bibliography 127

Poetry
Crane, Hart. Cape Hatteras [passage on Wrights beginning There, from Kill Devils Hill at Kitty Hawk ]. In his

The Bridge. New York: Horace Liveright, 1930, p. 48.

Included also in The Collected Poems of Hart

Crane, Frank Waldo, ed., New York: Liveright, 1933,

p. 34; in The Complete Poems and Selected Letters

and Prose of Hart Crane, New York: Liveright, 1966

and Garden City, New York: Anchor Books, 1966, p.

90; and in Verse of Our Day, by M. Gordon and M. B.

King, New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1935, p. 195. 

Dunbar, Paul L. [poem on Orville Wright] In

McSpadden, J. Walker. How They Blazed The Way; Men

Who Have Advanced Civilization, New York: Dodd,

Mead, 1939, p. 269.

Author quotes four lines of doggerel verse about

Orville, purportedly written by Dunbar. 

Dunkle, Meryl. The Wright Brothers. Aeronautics, Oct.

1909, vol. 5, p. 131.

Frost, Robert. Kitty Hawk. Atlantic Monthly, Nov. 1957,

vol. 200, pp. 52—56.

Published also in his In the Clearing, New York:

Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1962, pp. 41—58.

Tribute to the Wright brothers by poet friend of

Orville Wright.

. The Wrights Biplane. In his A Further Range.

Book Six, New York: Henry Holt, 1936, p. 69.

Included also in his Complete Poems, 1939, 1949,

and 1956; in his Selected Poems, 1963; and reprinted

in Wings: An Anthology of Flight, Bryden, H.G. ed.,

London: Faber and Faber, 1942, p. 124.

MacKaye, Percy W. The Air Voyage up the Hudson. In

his Poems, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1909,

pp. 21—22.

Published also in later editions of his Poems and in

U.S. Air Services, Dec. 1922, vol. 7, no. 11, p. 11. 

Phillips, H. I. Bicycles Repaired. U.S. Air Services, May

1938, vol. 38, no. 5, p. 31.

Written on the occasion of the restoration of the old

Wright bicycle workshop at Greenfield Village,

Dearborn, Michigan.

Rodman, Selden. The Boyhood of the Wright Brothers.

Saturday Review of Literature, Sept. 14, 1940, vol. 22,

p. 7.

Excerpt from Part III of his The Airmen; a Poem in

Four Parts. Included also in The Saturday Review

Treasury, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1957, pp.

168—170. 

. The Brothers. In his The Airmen; a Poem in Four

Parts, New York: Random House, 1941, pp. 69—106.

Skinner, George W. The Crest of Fame. Fly, July 1909,

vol. 1, no. 9, p. 18.

A poetic tribute to the Wright brothers.

Smart, Douglas A. Wilbur Wright. Flight, June 8, 1912,

vol. 4, p. 514.

Published also in Aero Club of America Bulletin,

July 1912, vol. 1, p. 5 and in Payne, E. George and

Barrows, H. R., The Story of American Aviation, New

York: American Viewpoint Society, 1930, p. 222. 

Written on the occasion of Wilbur s death, May 30,

1912.

Throm, Edward L. Kitty Hawk. In Throm, Edward L.,

and Grenshaw, James S. Popular Mechanics Aviation

Album, Chicago: Popular Mechanics Company, 1953,

pp. 191—192.

Touchstone. Wilbur Wright. Daily Mail, London, May

31, 1912, p. 6, col. 6.

Reprinted with title, The Father of Flight, in Aero

Club of America Bulletin, July 1912, vol. 1, no. 6, p.

9, and in Fly Magazine, July 1912, vol. 4, no. 9, p. 10.

Written on the occasion of Wilbur s death, May 30,

1912.

The Wright Brothers. Aeronautics, Sept. 1909, vol. 5, no.

3, facing p. 81.

Music

Knostman, Mary E. Song of the Wright Boys. Composed

by Mary E. Knostman. Dayton, Ohio: Reisbach &

Knostman, 1909, 5 pp.

Three stanzas and chorus for voice and piano, 4/4

time.

Guiterman, Arthur. The Sons of an Eagle-Bird.

Dedicated to the Wright Brothers. (Air The Son of a

Gambolier ). Aero Club of America Bulletin, Feb./Mar.

1912, vol. 1, no. 2, suppl., [p. 4]. 

Sung at the sixth annual banquet of the Aero Club

of America, January 27, 1912, at which Wilbur Wright

was present. Text published also in U.S. Air Services,

Aug. 1951, vol. 36, p. 10. 

T r s, Louis. Wilbur Wright March. Marche am ricaine.

Paris: A. Costet, 1908, [19 pp.]

Orchestral parts with piano-conductor score.

128 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Music
T r s, Louis. Wilbur Wright March. Marche am ricaine.

Pour piano. Paris: A. Costet, 1908, 3 pp.

Piano solo arrangement of preceding entry.

Motion Pictures and Film Strips

Wilbur Wright s Flight before the King of Italy. silent,

35mm, 1 reel; available from the U.S. National Archives

at College Park, Control Number: NWDNM(m)-342-

USAF-16225. 

Wilbur Wright demonstrates the Wright A Flyer

before the King of Italy, April 29, 1909. This film

contains the first motion picture scenes taken from

an airplane.

[Wright Brothers in France, 1908]. silent, 35mm, 1 reel;

available from the U.S. National Archives at College

Park, Control Number: NWDNM(m)-342-USAF-16228. 

First flight in Europe made by Wilbur Wright.

Subsidized by French government, 1908. 

Dare, Birthplace of Aviation. The People of Dare

County, N.C. Made and Released by Communication

Center, University of North Carolina, 1952. 22 min., sd.,

color, 16 mm. 

Includes the first flights by the Wright brothers,

which were made in Dare County.

The Day Man Flew. Go Pictures. Released by

McGraw—Hill Book Co., 1962. 17 min., sd., b&w, 16 mm. 

Deals with the Wright brothers. Explains how they

solved the problems of lift and balance, describes the

building of their first engine, and tells about their

early flights.

The First Flight of the Wright Brothers. CBS Television.

Released by Young America Films, 1955. 28 min., sd.,

b&w, 16 mm. (You Are There Series).

Telecast, January 16, 1955, on the CBS television

program You Are There. Reconstructs the events of

December 17, 1903.

Flight History at Kitty Hawk, December 17, 1903.

Richard B. Morros, Inc., in association with Hearst

Metrotone News. Released by Official Films, 1960. 5

min., sd., b&w, 16 mm. (Almanac Newsreel). 

Describes the flights made by the Wrights at Kitty

Hawk, N.C., December 17, 1903. Lists some of the honors given to the Wright brothers, including the annual

tribute made at the Wright Memorial at Kitty Hawk.

Wings Over Kitty Hawk. Movietonews, 1954. 13 min.,

sd., b&w, 16 mm. (Greatest Drama).

Discusses events in the lives of the Wright brothers

and includes an authentic account of their first historic

flight December 17, 1903. 

The Wright Brothers. Jam Handy Organization, 1957. 42

fr., color, 35 mm. (Famous Americans, no. 2).

Describes the childhood and youth of Wilbur and

Orville Wright and shows how their early experiments

led them to build an aeroplane and to become

American aviation pioneers.

Wright Brothers Fly. Filmrite Associates. Released by

Official Films, 1960. 3 min., sd., b&w, 16 mm. (Greatest

Headlines of the Century).

Portrays events in the lives of the Wright brothers,

showing them in their bicycle shop as they experiment

with flying machines and endeavor to understand the

science of aerodynamics. Shows the first successful

flight of a heavier-than-air mechanically propelled

aeroplane by Orville Wright on December 17, 1903. 

Wright Brothers National Memorial, North Carolina.

Eye Gate House, 1961. 47 fr., color, 35 mm. (National

Landmarks, Memorials, and Historic Shrines, no. 6).

Describes the first aeroplane flights made by

Wilbur and Orville Wright in December 1903 and

explains how the historic event is commemorated in

the Wright Brothers National Memorial in North

Carolina.

The Wright Brothers, Pioneers of American Aviation.

David J. Goodman, Inc., 1957. 47 fr., color, 35 mm. 

Adapted from book of the same title by Quentin

Reynolds (New York: Random House, 1950). Shows

how the Wright brothers develop an interest in the

principles of flying through construction of a sled,

kites, and bicycles; work toward controlled flight; and

develop their first aeroplane.

Wynne, Hugh. Historical Aviation Films. American

Aviation Historical Society Journal, Oct./Dec. 1958, vol.

3, pp. 226—230.

Lists three films in the Motion Pictures Branch,

National Archives which include pictures of Orville

Wright. One is titled First Army Aeroplane Flight,

Fort Myer, Virginia. 

Juvenile Publications

Allen, Carl B., and Lyman, Lauren D. Man Flies. In their

The Wonder Book of the Air, Chicago, Philadelphia,:

John C. Winston, 1936, pp. 72—85, +illus. 

Reprinted 1938, 1939, 1941.

A Bibliography 129

Motion Pictures and Film Strips
Arnold, Henry H. Bill Bruce and the Pioneer Aviators.

New York: A. L. Burt Company, 1928, 250 pp. (His

Aviators Series).

Includes four chapters dealing with Wrights titled

The Wright Flyer, Wilbur Wright, The

Unwelcome Visitor, and The Grant s Tomb Flight,

pp. 24—56. 

Bailey, Carolyn S. Tag-Along Boy; Orville Wright. In

her A Candle for Your Cake: Twenty-Four Birthday

Stories of Famous Men and Women, Philadelphia: J. B.

Lippincott, 1952, pp. 161—168.

Barksdale, Lena. Wilbur and Orville. In her Daring

Riders and Other Tales of Young America. Illustrated by

Frank Nichols, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1946, pp.

79—86.

Berliner, Don. Aviation: Reaching for the Sky.

Minneapolis: Oliver Press, Inc., 1997, 144 pp., +illus.

Short chapters on selected pioneers in the history of

aviation and their aircraft, for older children. One

chapter is devoted to the Wright brothers and the airplane but other chapters also contain scattered references to the Wright brothers. Includes photographs, a

chronology, a glossary, and an index.

. Before the Wright Brothers. Minneapolis:

Lerner Publications Company, 1990, 72 pp., +illus. 

Brief account for older children, of the history of

flight culminating in the first successful flight of the

Wright brothers in Dec. 1903. Well-illustrated;

includes an index and suggestions for further reading.

Bixby, William. The Wright Brothers: Men with Wings.

In his Great Experimenters, New York: David McKay,

1964, pp. 105—131.

Bolton, Sarah. The Wright Brothers. In her Lives of Poor

Boys Who Became Famous. Illustrated by Constance

Joan Naar, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company,

1962, pp. 299—320, +illus. 

Included also in earlier 1947 printing.

Boyne, Walter J. Smithsonian Book of Flight for Young

People. New York: Atheneum, 1988, 128 pp., +illus. 

History of flight for secondary school students,

illustrated by numerous photographs and paintings.

Briefly discusses the Wright brothers contribution

and argues that the Wright brothers insistence on protecting their patent rights, in effect, hampered the

development of aviation in the United States and gave

the advantage to European competition prior to the

First World War. Includes an index.

Byrd, Richard E. Our First Air Pioneers. Boy s Life, July

1928, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 8—9, +illus. 

Published also in Mathiews, Franklin K., ed.,

Flying High; a Book of Aviation Stories and Model

Airplanes for Boys, New York: Grosset & Dunlap,

1930, pp. 16—21. 

Catherall, Arthur. Wilbur and Orville Wright: Conquerors

of the Air. In Duthie, Eric, ed. Children s Book of Famous

Lives, London: Odhams, 1958, pp. 407—416.

Charnley, Mitchell V. The Boys Life of the Wright

Brothers. New York and London: Harper & Brothers,

[1928], 291 pp., +illus. 

Slightly different version of a series of articles originally published in the American Boy, AugustNovember, 1928, with title They Gave the World

Wings; the Story of the Wright Brothers, see below.

Material for this book has come largely from the

few published writings of Wilbur and Orville Wright

 and the miscellaneous writings about them (p. v.) 

. They Gave the World Wings; the Story of the

Wright Brothers. Illustrated by Ernest Fuhr. American

Boy, Aug. 1928, vol. 29, no. 10 pp. 11—13, 46—47; Sept.,

no. 11, pp. 6—7, 30, 32, 37; Oct., no. 12, pp. 22—24, 63;

Nov., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 13—14, 32—34, +illus.

Clark, Leonard. The Wright Brothers. In his When They

Were Children, New York: Roy Publishers, 1964, pp.

113—120.

Claudy, Carl H. Two American Conquerors of the Air. St.

Nicholas, July 1909, vol. 36, pp. 785—787, +illus.

Claxton, William J. The Wright Brothers and Their

Secret Experiments, the Wright Biplane, and How the

Wrights Launched Their Biplane. In his The Mastery of

the Air, London: Blackie and Son Limited, 1916, pp.

102—106, 123—133.

Clifford, Harold B. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

American Leaders, New York: American Book

Company, 1953, pp. 258—267.

Cohen, Rose N. The Wrights Show How! In her The

Men Who Gave Us Wings, New York: The Macmillan

Company, 1944, pp. 115—136, +illus.

Cottler, Joseph, and Jaffe, Haym. Wright Brothers, Child

Life, Sept. 1931, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 444—445, 471, +illus.

Craig, Barbara. The Wright Brothers and Their

Development of the Airplane, Raleigh: State Dept. of

Archives and History, 1960, 23 pp.

130 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Juvenile Publications
Crowther, James G. The Wright Brothers. In his Six

Great Inventors; Watt, Stephenson, Edison, Marconi,

Wright Brothers, [and] Whittle, London: Hamish

Hamilton, 1954, pp. 163—201. (The Six Great Series).

Curtin, Andrew. Wright Brothers. In his Gallery of Great

Americans, New York: Franklin Watts, Inc., 1965, p.

101.

Darrow, Floyd L. Masters of the Air [Wright Brothers].

In his Builders of the Empire, New York: Longmans,

Green, 1930, pp. 85—90.

. [ Wright Brothers]. In his Masters of Science

and Invention, New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company,

1923, pp. 315—325.

Delacombe, Harry. The Wrights, The First Flights on

Record, and The Wright Aeroplane. In his The Boys

Book of Airships, New York: Frederick A. Stokes

Company, 1909, pp. 176—177, 199—201, 213.

DeWitt, William A. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

Illustrated Minute Biographies New York: Grosset &

Dunlap, 1949, p. 160, +illus. 

Also included in revised ed., 1953.

Dolin, Arnold. The Wright Brothers; Pioneers of Flight.

In his Great Men of Science, New York: Hart Publishing

Company, 1962, pp. 175—181.

Eberle, Irmengarde. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In her

Famous Inventors for Boys and Girls, New York: A. S.

Barnes, 1941, pp. 111—118, +illus.

Egermeier, Elsie E. The Wright Brothers. In her Stories

of Great Men and Women, Anderson, Indiana: Warner

Press, 1961, pp. 138—144. (Stories for Boys and Girls).

Evans, Idrisyn O. The Airplane; Wilbur and Orville

Wright. In his Inventors of the World, London, New

York: Frederick Warne & Company, 1962, pp. 119—133.

Everett, Carroll, and Reed, C. F. Wilbur and Orville

Wright. In their When They Were Boys, Dansville, New

York: F. A. Owen Publishing Co., 1922, pp. 38—44.

Also included in revised ed., 1932.

Fanning, Leonard M. The Wright Brothers; Fathers of

the Airplane Industry. In his Fathers of Industries,

Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1962, pp. 194—203.

Federau, Wolfgang. Die Gebr der Wright, Pioniere der

Luftfahrt. N rnberg: Olympia-Verlag, 1952, 149 pp.,

+illus. (Biographische Jugendreihe).

Fellowes-Gordon, Ian. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In

Canning, John, ed., 100 Great Modern Lives; Makers of

the World Today from Faraday to Kennedy, New York:

Hawthorn Books, 1966, pp. 317—322.

Freedman, Russell. Wright Brothers: How They Invented

the Airplane. New York: Holiday House, 1991, 129 pp.,

+illus.

Brief biography and relatively comprehensive

description of the principles of flight and of the technical problems the Wright brothers solved, in nontechnical language for older children. 

Includes numerous original photographs by the

Wright brothers, suggestions on places to visit, and an

index. 

Gardner, Jeanne L. Sky Pioneers, the Story of Wilbur and

Orville Wright. Illustrated by Douglas Gorsline. New

York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1963, 62 pp.

Includes bibliography, pp. 61—62.

Gates, Arthur I., and Ayer, Jean. The Flying Brothers. In

their Let s Go Ahead, New York: The Macmillan

Company, 1940, pp. 367—391, +illus.

Gilmartin, John G., and Skehan, Anna M. Wilbur and

Orville Wright, Pioneers in Aviation. In their Great

Names in American History, Chicago: Laidlaw Bros.,

1946, pp. 335—342, +illus.

Goebel, Edmund J. and others. Wilbur and Orville

Wright; Pioneers in Aviation, In their Builders of Our

Country, Chicago: Laidlaw Bros., 1951, pp. 345—352.

(Catholic School History Series).

Grahame—White, Claude, and Harper, Harry. Wilbur and

Orville Wright. In their Heroes of the Air, a Book for Boys.

Illustrated in colour by Cyrus Cuneo and with numerous

portraits, London: Henry Froude, 1912, pp. 55—93.

Graves, Charles P. Illustrated by Fermin Rocker. See and

Read: Beginning to Read Biography Wright Brothers.

New York: G. P. Putnam s Sons, 1973, 62 pp., +illus.

For young readers; a biography of the mechanically-inclined Wright brothers, tracing their determined

efforts to build the first self-propelled flying machine.

Includes a list of twenty-two key words.

Guggenheim, Harry. Giving Wings to the World. St.

Nicholas, Dec. 1928, vol. 56, p. 88.

Hagedorn, Hermann. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

The Book of Courage, Chicago: John C. Winston Co.,

1942, pp. 293—305.

Included also in earlier editions.

A Bibliography 131

Juvenile Publications
Hall, Charles G. The Bishop and the Boys and The

Wonderful Year of Nineteen Three. In his Skyways, New

York: The Macmillan Company, 1938, pp. 44—58, 59—64.

Harney, Laura B. The Wright Brothers. In her The

Skycraft Book, New York: D. C. Heath and Company,

1932, pp. 20—26, +illus.

Harper, Harry. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his Riders

of the Sky; the Saga of the Flying Men, London: Hodder

and Stoughton [1936], pp. 21—25.

Hartman, Gertrude. Man Learns to Fly. In her Machines

and the Men Who Made the World of Industry, New

York: The Macmillan Company, 1939, pp. 237—242.

Heard, Sarah Dow, and King, M. W. The First Airplane.

The Wright Brothers In their Stories of American

Leaders, Philadelphia: John C. Winston Company, 1934,

pp. 307—318, +illus.

Heath, Monroe. Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright. In

his Great Americans at a Glance, vol. 2, Inventors,

Scientists, Redwood City, California: Pacific Coast

Publishers, 1956, pp. 16—17.

Holland, Rupert S. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

Historic Airships. Illustrated by Manning de V. Lee.

Philadelphia: Macrae-Smith Company, 1928, pp. 75—89.

Holland, Sharon. To Build a Bird: The Quest for Human

Flight. Windermere, Florida: Rourke Corporation, Inc.,

1982, 32 pp., +illus. 

Brief history, elementary school level, of the first

attempts to fly, culminating in the first flight of the

Wright brothers in 1903.

Hook, Jason. Illustrated by Graham Coton. Twenty

Names in Aviation. New York: Marshall Cavendish,

1990, 48 pp., +illus. 

Two-page chapters on twenty selected pioneers of

aviation with a biographical sketch and brief account

of their historic flights for each, for older children.

One chapter is devoted to the Wright brothers. 

. Illustrated by Peter Lowe. Wright Brothers.

New York: Bookwright Press, 1989, 32 pp., +illus. 

Brief biography of the Wright brothers and history

of early flight for older elementary school children.

Includes a list of important dates and an index.

Horsfall, Jessie E. The First Aeroplane Flight. In French,

Joseph L., ed., The Big Aviation Book for Boys,

Springfield, Massachusetts: McLoughlin Bros., Inc.,

1929, pp. 58—69.

Hough, Richard A. Wright Brothers by Bruce Carter

[pseud.]. London: Newnes Educational Publishing Co.,

Ltd., 1955, 45 pp. (Men of Speed Series).

Humphrey, Grace. The Secret of the Bird; Wilbur

Wright, Orville Wright. In her Children of Necessity,

Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1925, pp. 263—295.

Iseman, John W., and Taylor, Sloan. The First Flight and

Gliding Experiments. In their The Book of Airplanes,

New York: Oxford University Press, 1929, pp. 48—50,

54—58.

Jerome, Lucy B. The First Man to Fly. Boys World,

Sept. 14, 1912, vol. 11, no. 37, p. 3, +illus.

Kaufman, Mervyn D. The Wright Brothers; Kings of

the Air. Illustrated by Gray Morrow Champaign

Illinois: Garrard Publishing Company, 1964, 80 pp. (A

Discovery Book).

Large, Laura A. The Bird Men. In her Little Stories of

Well-Known Americans, New York: Platt & Munk Co.,

Inc., 1935, pp. 113—122, +illus.

. The Wright Brothers. In her Air Travelers from

Early Beginnings to Recent Achievements. Illustrated by

Harold Cue, Boston: Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Co., 1932,

pp. 65—70.

Law, Frederick H. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his

Great Lives; Life Stories of Great Men and Women, New

York: Globe Book Company, 1952, pp. 45—57.

. Wilbur and Orville Wright, Inventors of the

Airplane. St. Nicholas, June 1926, vol. 53, pp. 793—796.

Lehrburger, Egon. Wilbur and Orville Wright; the Men

Who Gave Us Wings. In his Men Who Changed the

World; Stories of Invention and Discovery by Egon

Larsen [pseud. 2d ed.], New York: Roy Publishers, 1952,

pp. 121—143.

Macmillan, Norman. Wilbur and Orville Wright; First

to Fly. In his Great Airmen, London: G. Bell, 1955, pp.

14—34.

Maden, Mary. Illustrated by Sara Hodder Daniels.

Flying High with the Wright Brothers: The Story of Their

First Flight A Dog s Tale. Kill Devil Hill, North

Carolina: Dog and Pony Enterprises, 1995. [Outer Banks

animal series, No. 1]. 

Illustrations for gliders and other drawings were

based on photographs taken by the Wright brothers.

132 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Juvenile Publications
Maizlish, I. Leon. Wings for Men. In his Wonderful

Wings, the Story of Aviation. Illustrated by Barry Bart.

Evanston, Illinois: Row, Peterson and Company, 1941,

pp. 25—33, +illus.

Marquardt, Max. Illustrated by Mike Eagle. Wilbur and

Orville and the Flying Machine. Milwaukee, Wisconsin:

Raintree Publishers, 1989, 32 pp., +illus. 

A biography of the Wrights for beginning readers.

Martin, Rudolph, and Schalk, Gustav. Die Gebr der

Wright. In their Von Ikarus bis Zeppelin; ein

Luftschifferbuch f r die Jugend, Berlin, Leipzig:

Brandus sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1908, pp. 54—68.

Mason, Miriam E., and Cartwright, William H. The

Wright Brothers. In their Trail Blazers of American

History, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1961, pp.

315—324.

McGuire, Edna. Wilbur and Orville Wright; Masters of

the Air. In her They Made America Great; a First Book

in American History, New York: Macmillan, 1957, pp.

238—244. (Macmillan Elementary History Series).

Mills, Lois. Three Together; the Story of the Wright

Brothers and Their Sister. Illustrated by William

Moyers, New York: Follett Publishing Company, 1955,

160 pp.

Montgomery, David H. The Wright Brothers, Wilbur and

Orville. In his Beginner s American History, 2d rev. ed.

Boston: Ginn and Company, 1945, pp. 335—342, +illus.

Montgomery, Elizabeth R. The Third Rudder [1903

Airplane of Wilbur and Orville Wright]. In her The Story

Behind Great Inventions. Rev. ed., New York: Dodd,

1953, pp. 241—244.

Mooney, James E. It Happened at Last. In his Wings

Away. Illustrated by Paul Laune. New York: Thomas

Nelson and Sons, 1937, pp. 21—25.

Moore, Patrick. Conquest of the Air: The Story of the

Wright Brothers. London: Lutterworth Press, 1961, 94

pp. (Courage and Conquest Series no. 6.).

Morrill, Madge H., and Morrill, Leslie. The Wright

Brothers, First to Fly. Illustrated by Lee J. Ames,

Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1955, 128 pp.

Mowbray, Jay H. Early Experiments of Wright Brothers.

In his Conquest of the Air By Airships and Other Flying

Machines, Philadelphia: National Publishing Co., 1910,

pp. 156—175, +illus.

Nida, William L., and Nida, Stella H. The Wright

Brothers and the Aeroplane. In their Pilots and

Pathfinders, New York: Macmillan, 1934, pp. 395—399.

Norris, Geoffrey. Wright Brothers. Illustrated by John

Norbury. New York: Roy Publishers, 1963, 159 pp.

(Peoples, Places, and Things).

Old, Wendie C. Wright Brothers: Inventors of the

Airplane. Berkeley Heights, New Jersey: Enslow

Publishers, Inc., 2000, 128 pp., +illus. 

Short but relatively comprehensive biography of

the Wright brothers, for older children starting their

own research on the Wright brothers. 

Includes an index, 64 chapter notes, 10 citations of

books for further reading, and 5 internet addresses. 

Paris, Leonard. Birth of the Air Age. Senior Scholastic,

Feb. 1, 1957, vol. 70, p. 17.

An account of the Wright brothers December 17,

1903, flights in the magazine s Words That Shaped

America series, erroneously quoting them in a

telegram to their sister Katharine as saying We Have

Done It.

. They Gave Us Tomorrow; Wilbur and Orville

Wright. Senior Scholastic, Apr. 11, 1958, vol. 72, p. 11.

Thumbnail sketch, no. 22 in the magazine s

Creative Americans series.

Pearl, Lizzy. Illustrated by Mark Bergin. Story of Flight.

Mahwah, New Jersey: Troll Associates, 1994, 32 pp.,

+illus. 

For intermediate readers, a survey of the history of

aviation, from the first attempts to the Wright brothers

to modern planes. Includes a fact file on how a plane

flies and how a jet engine works (thrust and drag), and

an index.

Pratt, Fletcher. [Wright Brothers]. In his Famous

Inventors and Their Inventions, New York: Random

House, 1955, pp. 40—44.

Pringle, Patrick. The First to Fly. In his They Were the

First, New York: Roy Publishers, 1965, pp. 57—65.

. Wilbur and Orville Wright. In his When They

Were Boys; Sixteen Boyhood Stories of Famous Men,

New York: Roy Publishers, 1954, pp. 197—209.

Quackenbush, Robert. Take Me Out to the Airfield: How

the Wright Brothers Invented the Airplane. New York:

Parents Magazine Press, 1976, [approx. 32 pp.], +illus. 

Biography of the Wright brothers from their childhood to their first flight, illustrated by numerous

A Bibliography 133

Juvenile Publications
drawings, for elementary school children. Includes

instructions and an actual size pattern for building a

model Wright Flyer out of styrofoam.

Reynolds, James J., and others. The Wright Brothers. In

their Short Stories of Famous Men, New York: Noble

and Noble, 1946, pp. 279—285.

Included also in revised editions, 1948 and 1953,

pp. 251—257.

Reynolds, Quentin. Wright Brothers. In Evans, Pauline

R., ed., Best Book of Heroes and Heroines, Garden City,

New York: Doubleday & Company, 1964, pp. 192—205.

. The Wright Brothers, Pioneers of American

Aviation. Illustrated by Jacob Landau. New York:

Random House [1950], 183 pp., +illus. (Landmark

Books. [10]).

Dramatized and produced as phonodisc in 1953 by

Howard Tooley, Enrichment Records, LLP 104

(3104B), 1s, 10 in., 33-1/3 rpm.

Rhodes, James A. The Wright Brothers. In his Teenage

Hall of Fame, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1960, pp.

57—59.

Romer, A. Ralph, and Romer, Margaret. The Wright

Brothers. In their Sky Travel, New York: Rand McNally

& Company, 1929, pp. 146—154.

Rosenblum, Richard. Illustrated by the author. Wings:

The Early Years of Aviation. New York: Four Winds

Press, 1980, 64 pp., +illus. 

Brief account for older children of the history of

aviation from the first flight of the Wright brothers in

1903 to Charles Lindbergh s first solo flight across the

Atlantic in 1927. Includes an index.

Ross, Frank, Jr. The First Heavier-than-Air Flying

Machine 1903. In his Trail Blazers of the Sky, Santa

Barbara: Wallace Hebberd, 1945, pp. 3—10, +illus.

Sanford, Chester M., and Owen, Grace A. Wilbur and

Orville Wright. In their Modern Americans, New York:

Laurel Book Co., 1921, pp. 99—107.

Schirmer, Mathilda, ed. Conquerors of the Air, Orville

and Wilbur Wright. In Builders for Progress, Chicago:

Beckley-Cardy, 1950, pp. 145—162, +illus.

Schulz, Walter A. Illustrations by Janet Schulz. Will and

Orv. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books, 1991, 48 pp., +illus. 

Account of the Dec. 17, 1903, flight of the Wright

brothers as witnessed by a young boy, Johnny Moore,

an actual person but with fictional conversation.

Shea, George. Pictures by Don Bolognese. First Flight:

The Story of Tom Tate and the Wright Brothers. New

York: Harper Collins Publishers, Inc., 1997. [An I can

read chapter book], 48 pp., +illus.

Children s story of the friendship of the Wright

brothers and Tom Tate of Kitty Hawk, an actual person who first met the Wright brothers in 1900 when he

was 12 years old and later witnessed the first flight.

Sobol, Donald J. The Wright Brothers at Kitty Hawk.

Illustrated by Stewart Mackenzie, New York: T. Nelson,

1961, 143 pp., +illus. 

Reprinted: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:

Scholastic Book Services, 1965.

Southworth, Gertrude V. D., and Southworth, James V.

D. The Wright Brothers. In their Heroes of Our America,

Syracuse, New York: Iroquois Publishing Co., 1952, pp.

329—333.

Stein, R. Conrad. Illustrated by Len W. Meents. Story of

Flight at Kitty Hawk. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1981, 31

pp., +illus. 

For intermediate readers, a brief biography of the

two famous bicycle makers from Dayton, Ohio, focusing on their efforts to build and fly an airplane, starting

with kites and gliders, to the concept of wing warping

and their first successful powered flight, to the Wright

Flyer s place in the National Air and Space Museum.

Includes an index and suggestions for further reading.

Stevenson, Augusta. Wilbur and Orville Wright, Boys

with Wings. Illustrated by Paul Laune. Indianapolis:

Bobbs-Merrill, [1951], 192 pp., +illus. (The Childhood

of Famous Americans Series). 

Slightly revised edition, illustrated by Robert

Doremus, published in 1959.

Sun, Shi. [Wright Brothers] Laite Xiongdi. Beijing,

China: Mainland Xinhua chubanshe, 1988, 180 pp. 

Brief biography of the Wright brothers, secondary

school level. Includes a table of important dates in

their lives. 

In Chinese.

Sutton, Felix. We Were There at the First Airplane

Flight. Historical consultant: Grover Loening. Illustrated

by Laszlo Matulay New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1960,

179 pp. (We Were There Books, 28).

Tharp, Edgar. Wilbur Wright, Orville Wright; Man

Learns to Fly. In his Giants of Invention, New York:

Grosset & Dunlap, 1963, pp. 101—103. (Illustrated True

Books).

134 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Juvenile Publications
Thomas, Eleanor, and Kelty, Mary G. The Wright

Brothers. In their Heroes, Heroines, and Holidays,

Boston: Ginn and Company, 1947, pp. 55—63, +illus. 

Included also in 1952 edition.

Thomas, Henry. The Wright Brothers. Illustrated by

Charles Beck. New York: Putnam, 1960, 126 pp. (Lives

to Remember).

Verrill, Dorothy. Man Finds His Wings; How the

Wright Brothers Made the First Flight. In her Aircraft

Book for Boys. New York and London: Harper &

Brothers, 1930, pp. 1—16, +illus. (Harper s Practical

Book Series).

Vogt, Gregory. Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Album of

NASA. New York: Franklin Watts, 1983, 90 pp., +illus. 

Brief history for secondary school students, of the

first 25 years of NASA, 1958-1983, and conjectures

about the future of space research by NASA. Refers

to the Wright brothers, especially in the introduction

honoring them as the first to achieve powered flight.

Includes numerous photographs and an index.

Welch, Becky. Great Lives. Famous Explore r s Wright

Brothers: Conquering the Sky. New York: Ballantine

Books, 1992, 121 pp., +illus. 

A biography about the Wright brothers, especially

for middle-school readers. Includes bibliographical

references p. 121.

Wilkey, Michael. Illustrations by the author. They Never

Gave Up: Adventures in Early Aviation. Victoria, British

Columbia, Canada: Orca Book Publishers, 1997, 115

pp., +illus.. 

Brief history of aviation for middle school level,

beginning with the Wright brothers, then continuing

with emphasis on aviation in Canada. Includes numerous drawings by the author. Also includes a chapter

explaining aerodynamics and principles of controlled

flight, descriptions of experiments that can be done at

home, and a chapter with illustrations and instructions

on how to make paper gliders as well as instructions

for a simple game. Includes index.

Woods, Andrew Young. Illustrated by Ellen Beier.

Orville and Wilbur Wright: First to Fly. Mahwah, New

Jersey: Troll Associates, 1992, 32 pp., +illus. [Troll

First-Start Biography] 

Brief biography for children, grades 1-4, mainly of

the Wright brothers childhood. 

Wright, Elsie. The Wright Brothers. In her Boys Book

of Famous Fliers [by Captain J. J. Grayson, pseud.].

Cleveland: World Publishing Co., 1951, pp. 32—45.

Included also in 1932 edition with title, Famous

Flyers and Their Famous Flights.

A Bibliography 135

Juvenile Publications

A Wright aeroplane at Fort Myer on 3 September 1908. (NASA History Office)
136 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Abbot, Charles G., 19, 104, 106

Abramowski, Waclaw, 9

Acad mie des Sciences, 118

Acad mie des Sports, 118

Accidents, 73

Adams, Heinrich, 7, 9

Ader, Cl ment, 3, 10, 63, 66, 94

Aerial Experiment Association, 77

Aero Club of America, 6, 10, 24, 25,

27, 35, 36, 45, 46, 52, 55, 74,

77, 79, 93, 94, 98, 118—120,

128

Aero Club of Philadelphia, 113

Aero Club of Washington, 60

Aero Corporation Limited, 90, 95

Aerobatics, 71

A ro-Club of France Prize, 41

A ro-Club of France, 27, 31, 118

A ro-Club of the Sarthe, 44

Aeronautical Chamber of

Commerce of America, 5, 30,

56

Aeronautical Society [of Great

Britain], 8, 33, 34, 43, 52, 113,

118

Aeronautical Society of New York,

92, 93

Aeronautical Systems Center, 76

Aeroplane Exhibition Company, 98

Aeroplanes, 31—77

Air Force Association, 65

Air Line Pilot s Association, 121

Air mail routes, 71

Aircraft Disposal Company,

Limited, 91

Albert Medal, 30

Albert, James, 15

Alberto, Giovanni, 68

Albertson, Catherine, 10

Alex, Roland, 71

Alexander, Patrick Y., 34, 35

Alfonso III, King of Spain, 44, 45

Alford, Leon P., 41

Alger, Russell A., 99

Allder, Walter, 56

Allen, Carl B., 62, 129

Allen, John, 11

Allward, M. F. 20

American Association for the

Advancement of Science, 126

American Bar Association, 97

American Institute of Aeronautics

and Astronautics (AIAA), 76,

114, 123, 124

American School of

Correspondence, 4

American Society for the

Advancement of Science, 33

American Society of electrical

Engineers, 120

American Technical Society, 4

Ames Research Center, 81

Ames, Lee J., 133

Ancelle, Paul, 41

Anderson, Frederick I., 24

Anderson, John D., Jr., 20, 75, 76

Andr , Henri, 32, 77

Andrews, Allen, 69

Andrews, J. R., 125

Andrews, John W., 127

Andrews, Robert Hardy, 67

Angle, Glenn D., 78, 106

ngstr m, Tord, 7, 9

Apitz, J., 92, 93

Archdeacon, Ernest, 31, 34, 39, 79

Arena, Nino, 68

Armengaud, Jr., 39

Armengaud, Jules, 92

Armengaud, Marcel, 79

Armentrout, Patricia, 75

Army-Wright contract, 60

Arnold, Henry H., 59, 61, 104, 130

Arrudae, Matias, 10

Art, 126, 127

Arts et M tiers Museum, 124

Associated Press, 32, 33

Association of Men with Wings, 105

Associazione Italiana di

Aerotecnica, 21

Aston, W. G., 78

Atkinson, Elizabeth, 112

Aubigny, Eug ne d , 79

Ault, Phillip H., 69

Automatic stabilizers, 79, 80, 96, 97

Automobil- und Flugtechnische

Gesellschaft, 93

Aviation Hall of Fame, 122

Aviation Heritage National Historic

Park, 107

Aviation Trail, 107

Ayer, Jean, 131

Babin, Gustave, 40

Bache, Ren , 42

Bacon, David, 55

Baden-Powell, B. F. S., 42, 43

Bailey, 59

Bailey, Carolyn S., 130

Bain, George G., 38

Baker, David, 74

Baker, Joseph B., 127

Baker, M. P., 81

Baldwin, Capt. Thomas S., 95

Baldwin, F. W., 40, 42

Ball, Fred S., 99

Barber, Mr. 119

Bariquand et Marre, 77

Barksdale, Lena, 130

Barnaby, Capt. Ralph S., 63, 125,

127

Barnes, Alpheus F., 87

Barrows, H. R., 128

Bart, Barry, 133

Bassett, Preston R., 20

Baudry de Saunier, Louis, 42, 43, 48

Bauer, Charles J., 57, 112

Beachey, 73

Beard, Luther, 58

B arn, C. de, 107

Beatty, George W., 50

Beck, Charles P., 62, 135

Beck, J. M., Jr., 24, 26

Beck, Mabel, 123

Bedian, Judy Wong, 73

Behringer, Wolfgang, 73

Beier, Ellen, 135

Bejeuhr, Paul, 80

Bell, Alexander G., 36, 40, 42, 44,

45, 77, 118, 119

Bell, Gardiner S., 42

Ben t, Rosemary, 127

Ben t, Stephen Vincent, 127

Ben t, William R., 127

Benner, Harry, 87, 101

Benoist, Thomas W., 95

Berg, Hart O., 47, 126

Berg, Hart O., Collection, 125

Berget, Alphonse, 10

Bergin, Mark, 133

Beringer, Sarah M., 10

Berliner, Don, 68, 130

Bernstein, Mark, 10

Berty, 36

Besancon, Georges, 10, 34, 36, 91

Bia, Georges, 10

Bibliographic references, 1, 10—15,

18, 20, 61, 67—76, 100, 107

Biddle, Wayne, 73

Bilstein, Roger E., 13, 70, 100

Bingham, Sen. Hiram, 54, 109

Biographic references, 9—31, 70

Biography, authorized, 14, 15

Bixby, William, 130

Black, Archibald, 10, 97

Blackman, Steve, 73

Blake, Bob, 60

Bl riot, Louis, 10, 73, 93, 94

Index
Boll e, Elizabeth, 66

Boll e, L on, 26, 38, 66

Bolognese, Don, 134

Bolton, Sarah, 130

Bonnalie, Allen F., 6, 20, 59

Bonner, Rep. Herbert C., 9, 60, 111

Bonney, Walter T., 63

Books, 9—20

Bord , Paul, 32

Borman, Frank, 75

Boston Aero Show, 50

Bouche, Henri, 11

Bournemouth Air Meet, 64

Bouttieaux, Gen., 39

Boyne, Walter J., 71—73, 130

Brabazon, John T. C., baron of Tara,

35, 58, 61

Bracke, Albert, 10, 43, 48

Brennan, Dennis, 67

Brenner, Victor D., 119

Brewer, Griffith, 25, 26, 30, 31, 44,

49, 54, 55, 58, 60, 81, 96, 97,

100—103, 106

Brewer, Robert W. A., 48, 77

Breyer, Victor, 20, 34, 44

Briand, Paul L., 56

Brigole, Alexandre, 10

Brindle, Melbourne, 126

British Patent Office, 91

British War Office, 97

British Wright Company, Limited,

91, 97, 100

Broca, A. de, 45

Brodie, J. L. P., 125

Brookins, Walter R., 20, 88, 98

Broomfield, G. A., 63

Broughton, J. Melville, 59

Brown, Aycock, 62, 64, 66, 111

Brown, Cecil L. M., 10

Brown, Harold H., 40, 46

Brown, Harold S., 78

Brown, Leonard, 56

Bruccoli, Matthew J., 65

Bruno, Henry Augustine, 58

Bryan, C. D. B., 72

Bryden, H. G., 127, 128

Buist, H. Massac, 20, 24

Bull, J. Edgar, 86

Burchard, Peter, 67

Burgunder, Hans, 64

Burke, Thomas, 115

Burridge, Lee S., 95

Busse, C., 51

Butman, Carl H., 102

Byrd, Richard E., 130

Cabot, Dr. Godfrey Lowell, 116

Caidin, Martin, 11, 69

Calderara, Lt. Mario, 39, 53, 126

Call, Brendan, 6

Campbell-Wood, George F., 93

Canadian aviation, 135

Canning, John, 131

Caproni, Gianni, 126

Carillon Park, 19, 124, 126

Carll, George S., Jr., 103

Carmer, Carl L., 10, 56

Carnegie, Dale, 60

Carson, Annette, 71

Cartwright, William H., 133

Case, Leland D., 9

Cass, Gilbert, 26

Casson, Herbert N., 20

Catherall, Arthur, 130

CBS (radio station), 58

CBS (television program), 129

Cei, Umberto, 45

Cesare, Oscar, 28, 29

Cetone, Sen. George K., 119

Chambers, Capt. W. Irving, 66

Chandler, Charles D. 11, 124

Chanute, Elizabeth C., 6, 60

Chanute, Octave, 2, 3, 6, 11, 12, 14,

23, 31—37, 63, 90, 95, 100, 119

Chanute, Octavia, 6

Charles Urban Trading Company, 43

Charnley, Mitchell V., 11, 130

Chenoweth, Opie, 81

Chester, Ralph, 63

Chillmaid, Martyn, 73

Christy, Joe, 71

Clark, Leonard, 130

Clark, Ronald W., 11

Clark, Sen. Bennett Champ, 115

Clarke, T. W. K., 47, 48

Claudy, Claude H., 44, 47, 54, 56,

130

Clauser, Francis H., 81

Claxton, William J., 130

Clayton, Henry H., 32

Cleaves, Freeman, 58

Cl ry, A., 34, 91

Clifford, Harold B., 130

Clime, W. S., 42, 45

Cobianchi, Mario, 11

Cody, S. F., 35, 92

Coffin, Mr., 28

Coffyn, Frank T., 20, 56, 99

Cohalan, Justice, 90, 95

Cohen, Rose N., 130

Coles, T. R., 20

College Park Airport, 68

Collier Trophy, 60, 79, 120

Columbia Historical Society, 106

Combs, Harry, 11, 69

Compangnie G n rale de

Navigation A rienne, 94, 97

Compton, A. H., 44

Computer simulation of flight, 72

Cone, Greg, 74

Conover, Charlotte R., 11

Contact, 105

Conway, Rep. Clem, 113

Coppens de Houthulst, Willy, 11, 20

Coquelle, Robert, 20, 34, 58

Cosmos Club, 31

Costelle, Daniel, 69

Coton, Graham, 132

Cottler, Joseph, 11, 130

Court records, 86—91

Courtney, W. B., 56, 61

Cox, Dr. H. Roxbee, 61

Cox, Gov. James M., 10, 11, 112

Coxe, Judge, 86, 87, 96

Craig, Barbara, 130

Craig, Gov. George M., 113

Crane, Carl J., 9

Crane, Hart, 128

Crenshaw, James S., 65

Crocco, Arturo, 33

Crouch, Tom D., 11, 68—72, 75, 76,

106, 107

Crowder, B. M., 11

Crowther, James G., 131

Cue, Harold, 132

Culick, F. E. C., 81

Culver, Edith Dodd, 71

Culver, H. Paul, 71

Cuneo, Cyrus, 131

Cuneo, John R., 29

Curtin, Andrew, 131

Curtiss Aeroplane Company, 87, 88,

94, 95, 97, 101, 102

Curtiss, Glenn H., 1, 40, 42, 48, 71,

86, 87, 92, 93, 96, 100—102,

105, 106

Curtiss, Greely S., 96

Curtiss—Wright Corporation, 100

Dacey, Norman F., 104

Daily Mail prize, 2

Dallwitz-Wegner, Richard von, 78

Daniels, John T., 23, 68, 110

Daniels, Sara Hodder, 133

Darrow, Floyd L., 131

Davidson, Jesse, 68

Davis, Chester, 63

Davison, Sec. of War F. Trubee, 114,

121

Davy, Maurice J. B., 30, 61, 123

Dayton Art Institute, 125

Dayton Sunday News, 15

Dayton Wright Memorial

Commission, 107

Dayton, Ohio, 10, 11, 12, 16, 19, 20,

46, 61, 71

Dayton—Wright Airplane Co., 4, 71,

82, 100

A Bibliography 137

Index
De Havilland Aeronautical

Technical School, 64, 123, 125

De Havilland, Geoffrey, 51

Deeds, Col. E. A., 16, 28

Degoul, M., 39, 41—43

Delacombe, Harry, 131

Delagrange, L on, 39

Delear, Frank J., 75

Delgrove, Henri, 65

Dempsey, Charles, 74

Deprez, 94

Derieux, Mary, 11

Deutsches Museum, 124

DeWitt, William A., 131

Dienstbach, Carl, 32, 33, 36, 37, 47,

79, 101

Dierfeld, Benno, 77

Diffin, Mr., 28

Dodge, Beverly A., 124

Doherty, William Elwood, 88, 102

Dolin, Arnold, 131

Dollfus, Charles, 11, 12, 53, 63

Dominik, Hans A., 33, 37, 91

Donegall, Marquess of, 13

Donet, Jehan, 42

Donovan, Frank, 12

Doolittle, Lt. Gen. James H., 124

Doremus, Robert, 134

Dorman, Geoffrey, 30

Dos Passos, John, 56

Dough, W. S., 22, 90

Drinkwater, Alpheus, 61, 65

Drury, Augustus W., 12, 20

Drury, Marion, 26

Dryden, Hugh L., 21

Dumas, Alexandre, 48

Dunaway, Philip, 3

Dunbar, Paul L., 128

Dunham, Samuel R., 27

Dunkle, Meryl, 128

Dunn, Amb. James Clement, 61

Durand, W. F., Aeronautical

Museum, 124

Durand, William F., 30, 57, 116

Duthie, Eric, 130

Dwiggins, Don, 67

Dyke, Andrew L., 77

Eagle, Mike, 133

East, Omega G., 111

Eastman Kodak Company, 44

Eberhardt, Carl, 78

Eberhardt, Gen. Walter von, 29

Eberhardt, J. C., 25

Eberle, Irmengarde, 131

Eckhardt, George H., 125

Edge, Amb. Walter, 108

Edison Institute, 57, 112

Edison, Thomas A, 27

Edward VII, King of Great Britain,

45

Eells, Richard, 126

Egbert, Howard, 12

Egermeier, Else E., 131

Eisenhower, Pres. Dwight D., 117

Eisenlohr, Roland, 102

Elias, Hermann, 36, 44

Eliot, Dr. Charles W., 102

Ellis, Carlyle, 29

Ellis, F., 116

Eltscher, Louis R., 100

Emme, Eugene M., 22

Engel, Leonard, 61

Engineers Club, 27

Engines, 77, 78

Englander, Alice, 14

Escher, Sy, 41

Esnault-Pelterier, Robert, 33, 34, 94

Espitallier, Georges, 37, 42

Ethell, Jeffrey L., 73

Etheridge, A. D., 22

Evans, Idrisyn O., 131

Evans, Pauline, 134

Everett, Carroll, 131

Everstag, Robert W. d , 24

Ewald, Gustav, 21

Fadiman, Clifton, 56

Fanning, Leonard M., 131

Fansher, 90

Farber, James, 9

Farman, Henri, 37, 39, 40, 93

Fedden, Sir Roy, 61

Federau, Wolfgang, 131

Fellowes-Gordon, Ian, 131

Ferber, Capt. Ferdinand, 12, 33—36,

39, 61, 91

Ferber, Louis F., 91

Ferrus, L., 6, 7, 10

Fess, Simeon D., 12

Film Strips, 129

Findley, Earl N., 8, 21, 26, 29, 30,

62, 103—106, 122, 123

Fish, Frederick P., 87

Fisk, Fred C., 12, 69

Fitzgerald, Francis V., 110

Fitzgerald, Rep. Roy G., 103, 104

Fjelde, Paul, 127

Flights, 31—77

Flint & Company, 99

Flint, Charles R., 99

Flobert, Chez P., 19

Flugmaschine Wright Gesellschaft

m. b. H., 77, 97, 98

Foester, August, 44, 47

Foltmann, John, 12, 21

Foraker, Sen. Joseph B., 119

Forward, Fred S., 6

Foster, Maximilian, 43

Foulois, Lt. Benjamin D., 19, 46,

55, 57, 59

Franchere, Ruth, 12

Frank, John P., 110

Frank, Waldo, 128

Franklin Institute, 5, 56, 81, 120,

121, 123, 125

Franks, British Amb. Oliver, 123

Fraser, Chelsea, 12

Fravel, Ira F., 62

Freedman, Andrew, 93

Freedman, Russell, 131

French, Joseph L., 132

Freudenthal, Elsbeth, 7, 12

Freund, Alfred, 47

Fritz, John, Medal Fund, 28

Frost, Robert, 128

Fuhr, Ernest, 130

Fullerton, J. D., 40

Furnas, Charles, 71

Gage, Nevin, I., 28

Galbreath, Charles B., 12

Gallaudet, Edson, 87

Ganns, Dr. Claudio, 10

Garber, Paul E., 12, 27, 66, 123

Garcia de Souza, Jos , 12

Gardner, Gilson, 34

Gardner, Jeanne L., 131

Gardner, Lester D., 58

Garinei, R., 48

Garnier, G., 45, 46

Gasnier, Ren , 43

Gastambide, Robert, 13

Gaston, Raymond de, 51

Gatchell, L. B., 117

Gates, Arthur I., 131

Geibert, Ron, 21, 70

General Motors Corporation, 5, 21

Genung, Henry C., 87

Gerhardt, W. F., 81

German Patent Office, 7, 95

Giacomelli, Raffaele, 21

Gibbs-Smith, Charles H., 13, 21, 33,

66—68, 80

Gibson, Hugo C., 94

Gildemeister, Jerry, 73

Gill, Howard W., 49

Gilmartin, John G., 131

Glass, Sol, 116, 117

Glines, Carroll V., 74

Glinsky, Vincent, 127

Goebel, Edmund J., 131

Goff, Harper, 60

Goldman, Richard, 100

Goldstrom, John, 13, 104, 105

Gollin, Alfred, 69, 70

Gordon, M., 128

138 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Index
Gordon-Bennett International

Aviation Trophy, 8, 49, 95, 98,

99

Gorsuch, Morris, 99

Goulder, Grace, 13

Grahame—White, Claude, 13, 89, 95,

118, 131

Graves, Charles P., 131

Graves, Louis, 110

Gray, Jack Stearns, 105

Grayson, Capt. J. J., 135

Great Britain, government, 69

Green Buell H., 94

Green, Richard, 67, 127

Greene, Laurence, 56

Greenfield Village, Dearborn,

Michigan, 112, 128

Grenshaw, James S., 128

Gretten, Jay, 75

Grey, C. G., 30, 54, 58, 62, 97, 102,

103, 106

Griffith, Ward, 13

Grimes, E. B., 35

Griscom, Amb. Lloyd C., 58

Guggenheim, Daniel, 69

Guggenheim, Harry, 131

Guggenheim Medal, 29, 31, 69, 121

Guiterman, Arthur, 128

Gunston, Bill, 77, 78

Gurtler, Charles, 87

Gwynn-Jones, Terry, 72

Hagedorn, Hermann, 131

Haggerty, James J., 23, 67, 127

Hall of Fame for Great Americans,

27, 122, 127

Hall, Charles G., 132

Hall, Edward H., 49

Hall, G. Ray, 87

Hall, Norman A., 104

Hallion, Richard P., 13, 69, 70

Hammer, William J., 53, 86, 89, 118

Hand Judge Learned, 88—90, 93, 95

Handley Page, Limited, 91

Handley-Page, F., 103

Hanna, John G., 94

Hansen, Oskar J. W., 127

H ntzschel, Walter, 48

Hanuschke, Wilhelm, 31

Hardesty, Von, 75

Harding, Rep. J. Eugene, 119

Hare, James H., 40, 41, 46, 52

Harmon, Gov. Judson, 119

Harney, Laura B., 132

Harper, Harry, 27, 63, 131, 132

Harrel, Haywood, 69

Harris, Patrick, 71

Harris, Sherwood, 67, 73

Harrison, George P., 98

Harrison, James P., 75

Harrison, Michael, 13

Harrop, F. C., 49

Hartman, Gertrude, 132

Harvey, Ralph, 113

Harwood, Van Ness, 50

Hatch, Alden, 105

Hathaway, Esse V., 13

Haveann, Ernest, 6

Havemann, Ernest, 64

Haven, Gil, 62

Hawley, Alan R., 95

Hayes, Judge, 89

Hayman, LeRoy, 70

Hayward, Charles B., 4, 95

Hazel, Judge John R., 86—89, 94, 96

Heard, Sarah Dow, 132

Heath, Monroe, 132

Hegener, Henri, 13, 21

Heinmuller, John P. V., 14

Hellman, Geoffrey T., 106

Henderson, Amy, 107

Henderson, Archibald, 28

Hendrick, Burton J., 8

Henry-Co annier, Andr , 25, 95

Heringa, J. A., 51

Herring—Curtiss Company, 86, 87,

92, 93, 118

Hettick, John, 60

Heumann, S., 45

Hildebrandt, Alfred, 14, 21, 36, 37,

41, 46, 124

Hildreth, Charles H., 67

Hill, Thomas A., 92

Hinshaw, Rep. Carl, 62

Hobbs, Leonard S., 78

Hodgins, Eric, 14, 28

Hoernes, Hermann, 42

Hoff, J., 6

Holland, Rupert S., 14, 132

Holland, Sharon, 132

Hollands, Sidney, 24

Hollinger & Company, 127

Holst, Helge, 14

Honors, 118—122

Hook, Jason, 132

Hooven, Frederick J., 72

Horan, Joseph C., 30

Horsfall, Jessie E., 54, 132

Hosey, Gertrude, 2

Hough, Richard A., 132

Howard, Fred, 14

Hoxsey, Arch, 22

Hudson, Margaret, 14

Huffaker, Edward C., 87, 101

Huffman Prairie, 71, 107

Hughes Aircraft, 9

Hulbert, George Spencer, 15

Humphrey, Grace, 132

Humphreys, Frederic E., 49

Humphreys, Pauline A., 2

Hunter, Chadwick, 42

Hyde, Ken, 74—76

Hylander, Clarence J., 14

Iacobescu, Gh., 57

Icart, Antoine, 68

Imbrecq, J., 94

Imperial War Museum, 125

Inaga, Taruho, 21

Indiana, General Assembly, 113

Ingells, Douglas J., 21, 29, 30, 57,

65

Ingliss, William, 47

Institute of the Aeronautical

Sciences, 57, 60, 81, 114, 123,

124, 126, 127

Institution of Civil Engineers, 118

International Civil Aeronautics

Conference, 4, 78, 116

Interviews, 7—9

Iseman, John W., 132

Isendahl, W., 48

Jablonsky, Bruno, 58

Jackman, William J., 95

Jackson, Thomas, 98

Jacobs, Anne Marguerite, 4, 114

Jaffe, Haym, 11, 131

Jakab, Peter L., 1, 72, 75

James, Paul, 79

James, Sydney V., 78

James, W. Frank, 121

Jane, Fred T., 48, 50—52

Jane s Yearbooks, 67, 113, 114

Jaray, Paul, 48

Jeanjean, Marcel, 58

Jefferis, David, 72

Jeffrey, Harry P., 59

Jenkins, Thomas A., 57

Jennison, C. S., 99

Jensen, Paul, 56

Jerome, Lucy B., 132

Jex, Henry R., 81

Johnson, Jesse S., 62

Johnson, Mary Ann, 107

Johnson, Pres. Lyndon B., 118

Johnson, Spencer, 68

Johnson, Walter, 104

Johnston, S. Paul, 14, 58, 123

Johnstone, Ralph, 7

Jones, Ernest L., 53, 80

Jordanoff, Assen, 14

Joseph, Paul, 14

Juvenile publications, 127, 129—135

Kaempffert, Waldemar, 6, 51

A Bibliography 139

Index
Kaeppler, Adrienne, 107

Kalb Karl P., 105

Kamenshchikov, N., 36

Kapferer, Henry, 39

Karlson, Paul, 14

Kartvelli, Alexander, 81

Kaufman, Mervyn D., 132

Kay, George de, 3

Kelly, Ann Marie, 73

Kelly, Fred C., 3, 4, 6, 9, 21, 26, 30,

31, 57—61, 63, 97, 100, 106

Kelton, Nancy, 15

Kelty, Mary G., 135

Kennedy, D. Ross, 50

Kennedy, George, 66

Kettering, Charles, 10, 21, 100

Kidder, Harvey, 67, 127

Kill Devil Hill Memorial

Association, 62, 65, 109, 111

King, Andrew, 74

King, Ernest J., 30

King, Horace Frederick, 67

King, M. B., 128

King, M. W., 132

King s College, 36

Kingseed, Wyatt, 76

Kingsmill, Commdr., 127

Kinzler, Alice E., 22

Kirk, Stephen, 15

Kitty Hawk Day, 59

Klemin, Alexander, 15, 26

Knabenshue, Roy, 88, 98

Knostman, Mary E., 128

Kresin, William, 112

Kress, 93

Kumler, Dan, 58

L Hermite, J., 108

La Vaulx, Henri de, 51

Labuschagne, J. J., 15

Lacombe, Judge, 86, 87, 89, 96

Lader, Lawrence, 30

Lahm, (Col., Gen.) Lt. Frank P., 11,

19, 28, 56, 57, 59, 62, 67, 124,

127

Lahm, Frank S., 34, 35, 46, 53, 55,

127

Lambert, Marquise [Count] Charles

M. de, 10, 26, 44, 45

Lamson, Charles H., 86, 89, 94

Lanchester, F. W., 21, 43, 44

Lancken-Wakenitz, baron von der,

56

Landau, Jacob, 134

Landowski, Paul, 108

Lane, Louise, 15

Lane, Peter, 68

Langewiesche, Wolfgang, 22, 61

Langley Aerodynamical Laboratory,

100—102

Langley Medal, 8, 119, 120

Langley Memorial Address, 100

Langley, Samuel Pierpont, 69, 101,

103, 104, 106, 107

Large, Laura A., 132

Larsen, Egon, 15

Larson, George C., 71

Larson, Tim, 73

Lassalle, Eug ne J., 27

Latham, Hubert, Memorial, 107

Laune, Paul, 133

Law, Frederick Houk, 15, 132

Lawrance, Charles L., 78

Le Beschu, F., 31, 32

Le Vino, Albert S., 51

Lea, Clarence F., 121

L aut , 94

Lee, Manning de V., 132

Lefort, H., 44—46

Lehrburger, Egon, 132

Lelasseux, Louis, 15

Lengenfelder, Jack W., 72

Lent, L. B., 28

Leo, 98

Leslie, Stuart W., 100

Lewis, George W., 57, 59, 81, 115

Liberty Eagle, 100

Library of Congress, 6, 7, 63, 66,

69, 70, 126

Lidov, Arthur, 127

Lilienthal, Otto, 2, 14, 75

Lindbergh, Charles A., 61

Lipp, Frederick J., 63

Lippencott, Harvey H., 77

Lodge, Sen. Henry Cabot, 120

Lodi, Angelo, 63

Loening, Grover, 8, 15, 29, 48—53,

67, 78—80, 99, 104, 135

Long, G. Allison, 69

Longyard, William H., 15

Lopez, Donald S., 74

Lord, Clifford L., 114

Lorisson, Jacques, 95

Loukianoff, G. S., 51

Lucas-Girardville, Capt. P. N., 10,

45, 91

Luce, Rep. Robert, 109

Ludlow, Israel, 93—95, 98

Ludovico, Domenico, 62

Lufbery, Raoul, 9

Lumet, Georges, 77

Lyman, Lauren D., 129

MacDonald, James, 4

Mack, Rep. Peter F., Jr., 63, 117

MacKaye, Percy W., 128

Mackenzie, Stuart, 134

Mackintosh, Col E. E., 122

Macmillan, Norman, 132

Madden, Roy, 6

Maden, Mary, 132

Magoun, F. Alexander, 14

Magruder, Rear Adm. T. P., 108

Maitland, Lester J., 16

Maizlish, I. Leon, 133

Makeley, F. C., 5

Malishenko, Tucker, 70

Mallet, R. F., 50

Manly, Charles M., 28, 58, 69, 87,

102

Mansfield, Howard, 74

Manufacturers Aircraft Association,

4

Marbury, Elizabeth, 26

Marchis, Lucien, 16

Marconi, Guglielmo, 27

Marcosson, Isaac F., 16

Margoulis, Wladimir, 78

Marquardt, Max, 133

Marque, Ren , 15

Marquis, Raoul, 16

Marrand, Michel, 69

Marsh, Lockwood, 54

Marshall, Fred A., 103

Martin, Glenn L., 59

Martin, Hans, 26

Martin, James V., 97

Martin, Rep. Joseph W., Jr., 117

Martin, Rudolf, 16, 42, 133

Masfrand, Albert de, 36, 39

Mason, Miriam E., 133

Massachusetts Institute of

Technology, 20, 27, 53, 58, 81,

115

Masters, David, 16

Mathe, J. A. Herve, 127

Mathiews, Franklin K., 130

Mattioli, Guido, 60, 61

Matulay, Laszlo, 135

Matvieev, A., 49

Mauni, Baron de, 35

Maxim, Sir Hiram S., 35, 44, 94

Maxwell Field, Alabama, 99

Maycock, C. B., 124

Mayer, Robert, 22, 57

McClarren, Ralph H., 81, 125

McClean, Sir Francis, 61

McCormick, Anne O Hare, 56, 103

McCoy, John, 67, 127

McCurdy, John A. D., 42, 44, 88

McCutcheon, Phillip, 50

McFarland, Marvin W., 1, 3, 6, 13,

22, 31, 70, 111, 126

McFee, Inez M., 15

McGuire, Edna, 133

McIntyre, Doug, 22, 106

McKnew, Thomas W., 65

140 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Index
McMahon, John R., 15, 20, 22, 55

McMurtrie, Francis E., 113

McSpadden, J. Walker, 15, 128

McSurely, Alexander, 9, 61, 78, 79,

122, 123

McSwain, Rep. John J., 103

Meacock, F. T., 64

Medals, 118—122

Mee, Arthur, 26

Meents, Len W., 134

Meitner, F., 49

Memorials, 113—118

Mensier, General, 3

Merner, Mary, 59

Merrill, Albert Adams, 95

Merroa, Chester E., 30

Meyer, Jerome S., 67

Meyer, Willy, 16, 90

Meynell, Laurence W., 16, 64

Miami Wood Specialty Company,

82

Michelin Cup, 41, 43, 44

Millbrooke, Anne Marie, 76

Miller, Ivonette Wright, 16

Miller, Mrs. Harold S., 114

Miller, Trevelyan, 16

Milling, T. De Witt, 59

Mills, Lois, 133

Mingos, Howard, 22

Minnesota Historical Society, 26

Miozzi, Lt., 28

Mitchell, John W., 51, 80, 98

Moedebeck, 7

Mohler, Stanley R., 75

Monroney, Sen. A. S. Mike, 66

Montgomery, Elizabeth R., 133

Montgomery, Frank A., Jr., 55, 57

Montgomery, John J., 4, 97

Montgomery, Regina Cleary, 4, 90

Monuments, 107—113

Moolman, Valerie, 69, 72

Mooney, James E., 133

Moore, Alvin E., 55, 66

Moore, John, 22

Moore, Johnny, 134

Moore, Patrick, 133

Moore-Brabazon, John T. C., 35, 58,

61

Moreau, August, 52

Morelli, Ercole, 56

Morgan, Mr. 119

Morgan, Arthur, 10

Morlan, Michael, 107

Morning Union (New Hampshire),

30

Morrill, Leslie, 133

Morrill, Madge, H., 133

Morris, Gilbert, 108

Morris, Lloyd, 16

Morris, Richard B., 27

Morrow, Gray, 132

Morser, Bruce, 75

Mortane, Jacques, 16

Moser, Diane K., 73

Moszkowski, Walter, 56

Motion pictures, 129

Mouillard, Louis-Pierre, 3

Mousset, mile, 41

Mouton, Rep. Robert L., 115

Mowbray, Jay H., 16, 133

Moyers, William, 133

Muller, Jane S., 63

Museum of Science and Industry,

125

Museums, 107—113

Music, 128, 129

Mutchler, Dwight, 127

Myers Canadian Aircraft Company,

Limited, 91

Myers, Denys P., 95, 96

Myers, George Francis, 91

Naidenov, Vasilii F., 16, 22, 40

Nalty, Bernard C., 68

Nansontz, Max de, 16

Napole o, Aluizio, 16

National Academy of Sciences, 29,

30

National Advisory Committee for

Aeronautics (NACA), 71

National Aeronautics and Space

Administration (NASA), 71, 76,

135

National Aeronautics Association, 5,

28, 60, 74, 104, 110, 111, 116

National Aeronautics Collection, 76

National Air Mail Week, 57

National Aviation Day, 56

National Aviation Hall of Fame, 75

National Cash Register, 112

National Committee to Observe the

50th Anniversary of Powered

Flight, 64

National Geographic Society, 8, 65

Navy Historical Foundation, 66

Neely, Frederick, 109

Neue Automobil-Gesellschaft, 77

Neville, Leslie E., 54

New York Aero Show, 50

New York University, 122, 127

Newman, James R., 6

Newton, Byron R., 37, 38, 55, 58

Nicolleau, Auguste, 77

Nida, Stella H., 133

Nida, William L., 133

Nimf hr, Raimund, 31, 93

Noalhat, Henri, 93

Nobel Prize, 27

Noel, E. Percy, 39, 49

Nolan, Patrick B., 1, 70

Norbury, John, 133

Norris, Geoffrey, 133

North Carolina Fiftieth Anniversary

of Powered Flight Commission,

111

North Carolina, 15

Northcliffe, Lord, 120

Northrop Aeronautical Institute, 123

Norton, Frederick H., 82

Noyes, Judge, 86

O Malley, Frank W., 22

O Toole, 59

Oberlin College, 81, 82, 116, 117

Ochoa, V. L., 49

Ogilvie, Alec (Colonel Alexander),

6, 23, 48, 50, 53, 125

Ohio Historical Society, 127

Ohio, General Assembly, 55, 127

Ohio, Senate, 119

Ohio Society of New York, 7, 27

Old, Wendie C., 133

Olympia Aero Exhibition, 50

Orbaan, Albert, 62

Oregon, 71

Orlovius, Heinz, 54

Orlovskii, Petr, 79

Ott-Koptschalijski, Constance, 73

Owen, Grace A., 134

Owen, Russell, 106

Page, Arthur, 22

Painlev , Paul, 48

Palmer, Frederick, 24

Pan American Aeronautic

Exposition, 53

Paramount Pictures, 105

Paris Prize in Architecture, 56

Paris, Leonard, 133

Parish, Wayne W., 60

Parker, Mrs. Frank, 127

Parker, Robert Andrew, 70

Parker, Steve, 74

Parkman, Mary R., 17

Parmelee, Phil, 98

Parramore, Thomas, 73

Patents, 79

Pathe-T.F.1 (Television Francais 1),

69

Patrick, Michael, 73

Patterson, John C., 17

Patterson, John, 10

Patterson, Lt. Frank Stuart, 74

Paulhan, Louis, 86, 88, 89, 93, 94,

98

Payne, E. George, 128

Pearl, Lizzy, 133

A Bibliography 141

Index
Pedace, Giovanni, 61

Pennington, John, 112

Pepper, Sen. Claude, 116, 121

Percy, Noel E., 106

Perreault, William D., 22

Perry, Frank L., 39

Peterson, Rep. J. Hardin, 115

Peugler, Hanns, 23

Peyrey, Francois, 7, 17, 37, 38, 40,

41, 46, 48

Phi Delta Kappa fraternity, 108

Philadelphia Air Show, 105

Phillipps, W. Francis, 18

Phillips, H. I., 128

Philos, 37, 38

Phipps, Walter H., 50, 77

Plumley, Rep. Charles A., 115

Poetry, 127, 128

Poirier, Jacques, 68

Polillo, Raoul, 17

Poor, Alfred Eastin, 110

Popper, Stefan, 25

Post, Augustus, 6, 49

Postcards, 72

Powell, Grahame H., 87

Powell, William S., 65

Powerplants, 77, 78

Prade, Georges W., 25

Pratt, Fletcher, 134

Pringle, Patrick, 133

Pritchard, J. Laurence, 6, 17, 23,

113

Propellers, 78, 79

Published patent and patent suit references, 91—97

Pyke, Jeremy, 73

Quackenbush, Robert, 133

Quimby, 73

Quinton, Ren , 79

Quirk, James R., 95

Quirk, Leslie W., 4

R. N. A. A., 109

Raleigh, Walter, 17

Randers-Pehrson, Nils H., 81, 106

Randolph, Rep. Jennings, 115, 116

Ravigneaux, Pol, 42

Raymond, douard, 10

Reed, C. F., 131

Reed, Robert L., 101

Reed, Thomas R., 59

Reichel, Franz, 39, 41

Relf, Ernest F., 6

Renard, 94

Renneisen, Bob, 31

Renstrom, Arthur G., 1, 6, 17, 23,

126

Reynard, Comdr., 38

Reyneker, F. H., 21

Reynolds, Carolyn L., 110

Reynolds, James J., 134

Reynolds, Quentin, 17, 129, 134

Reynolds, Sen. Robert, 105, 115,

116

Rhodes, James A., 134

Rigsby, William E., 68

Roberts, Joseph B., 56

Robie, William A., Jr., 74

Robinson, Sen., 108

Robinson, W. B., 91

Robischon, E. W., 19

Rodgers, John, 53

Rodgers, Robert Pliny, 110

Rodman, Selden, 128

Rolfe, Douglas, 62

Rolls, Charles, Stewart, 36, 41, 64

Romer, A. Ralph, 134

Romer, Margaret, 134

Roosevelt, Pres. Franklin D., 104,

105, 115, 116

Roosevelt, Pres. Theodore, 118

Root, A. I., 33—35, 58, 102

Rosenbaum, Robert A., 17

Rosenblum, Richard, 134

Ross, Frank, Jr., 134

Rotarians of Dayton, 30

Rouhier, Maurice, 7, 44, 45

Routzohn, Rep. Harry N., 112

Rowe, Dr. H. M., 3

Rowe, Dr. L. S., 115

Rowland-Entwistle, Theodore, 18

Royal Aeronautical Society, 23, 54,

56, 58, 81, 82, 113

Royal Air Force, 63, 64

Royal Institution, 13, 66

Royal Prussian Aerial Battalion, 78

Royal Society of Arts, 23, 26, 102, 120

Royal Technical High School

[Moscow], 51

Rozendaal, John de Allereesten, 23,

43, 45, 93

Rozentsveig, L., 43

Ruane, Michael E., 76

Rubenstein, Murray, 100

Ruck, R. M., 113

Ruhl, Arthur, 37, 49

Rummler, William R., 94

Russell, Frank H., 95

Russell, Owen, 59

Russell, Thomas J., 95

Rutledge, Paul, 29

Rutledge, William, 64

Ruzer, L., 48

Saar, John, 81

Sabin, Louis, 18

Salley, D. Bruce, 58

Sanbongi, Bryan, 78

Sandick, R. A., 51

Sanford, Chester M., 134

Santal Sors, Luis, 18

Santos, Mario dos, 14

Santos-Dumont, Alberto, 10, 12, 16,

17, 63, 94

Satterthwaite, L., 122

Saunders, Keith, 111

Saunders, William O., 23, 110

Savorgnan di Brazz , Francesco, 18

Schalk, Gustav, 133

Schirmer, Mathilda, 134

Schirra, Capt. Walter M., Jr., 67

Schmidt, Georg, 18, 48

Schmidt, J. R., 28

Schools, 97—100

Schroter-Motorenfabrik, 92

Schultz, Janet, 134

Schultz, Walter A., 134

Science Museum, 5, 54, 55, 64, 68,

100, 103, 105, 122—125

Science Service, 5

S e, Alexandre, 79

See, James W., 86, 89

Selden, 94

Selfridge, Lt. Thomas E., 38, 42, 57,

66, 73, 77

S nemaud, Ch., 92

Seshun, Karl, 51

Seville, Lieut. Henry P., 4

Sewell, W. Stuart, 18

Sharkey, Gerald S., 11

Sharman, Margaret, 74

Sharp, Edward R., 110

Shaw, Herbert, 81

Shea, George, 134

Sheetz, Tom, 74

Shepherd, William G., 23, 104

Sheppard, Rep. Harry R., 105

Sherman, Dallas B., 18, 23

Sidram, Louis, 60

Silberer, Victor, 35

Simonds, Frank A., 8

Sines, Ed, 57

Skehan, Anna M., 131

Skinner, George W., 128

Slater, A. E., 64

Slosson, Edwin E., 54

Slutz, Frank D., 30]

Smart, Douglas A., 128

Smathers, Sen. William H., 115

Smillie, Thomas W., 87

Smith Maurice H., 18

Smith, Henry Ladd, 6, 18

Smith, Kendall, 16

Smith, Richard K., 70

Smith, Warren Reiland, 127

142 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Index
Smithsonian Institution, 44, 60, 69.

78, 81, 100, 101, 103—107, 119,

120, 123, 124, 126, 127

Snell, 54

Soaring Society of America, 127

Sobol, Donald J., 134

Sobolev, Dmitrii Alekseevich, 74

Soci t Arch ologique le Vieux

Papier, 19

Soci t Belge des Ing nieurs et des

Industriels, 10

Soci t Francais de Navigation

A rienne, 32

Society of Automotive Engineers, 4,

28, 81, 114

Soule, Gardner, 66

Southworth, Gertrude V. D., 134

Southworth, James V. D., 134

Spangenburg, Ray, 73

Sparkman, Sen. J., 115

Speeches, 7—9

Spick, Mike, 74

Spottiswood, J. H., 103

Spratt, G. A., 90

Sproule, Anna, 18

Squire, George, 51

Statements, 7—9

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, 53

Stein, Conrad, 134

Stein, Gertrude, 27

Stenzel, Arthur, 2

Stevenson, Augusta, 134

Stever, H. Guyford, 23

Stewart, Oliver, 18, 66

Stoff, Joshua, 75

Stout, Rex, 58

Stratton, Mr., 28

Strobridge, Truman R., 68

Sullivan, Harry, 56

Sullivan, Mark, 18

Sun, Shi, 134

Sunderman, James F., 66

Surcouf, 39

Sutton, Felix, 134

Sweet, Floyd J., 127

Taft, Chief Justice, 103, 105

Taft, Pres. William Howard, 46, 118,

119

Tallandier, Jules, 51

Taris, tienne, 92

Tate, Tom, 134

Tate, William J., 10, 18, 23, 54

Tatin, Victor, 18

Taylor Charles E., 23, 75, 76, 90

Taylor, Bob, 76

Taylor, John W. R., 67

Taylor, Richard L., 18

Taylor, Sloan, 132

T r s, Louis, 128, 129

Test, Merlin E., 103

Tharp, Edgar, 134

Thomas, Dana L., 18

Thomas, Eleanor, 135

Thomas, H. A., 64

Thomas, Henry, 18, 135

Thompson, Bob, 76

Thompson, Lewis Eugene, 126

Thomson, Jay E., 57

Throm, Edward L., 65, 128

Tillman, Stephen F. 19

Tinsley, Frank, 64

Tissandier, Paul, 10, 45, 108

Todd, Frederick, 40

Todd, Marlin W., 12

Tomizuka, Kiyoshi, 19

Tooley, Howard, 134

Toulmin, Harry A., 89, 93

Toys, 82

Tribble, Paul, 100

True, Webster P., 81, 123

Turgan, L., 19

Turnbull, Archibald, 114

Turner, Charles C., 19

Turner, George K., 37

Turpin, C., 98

Tweney, George H., 23

Tyre, Richard, 14

United States

Air Force, 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 122

Air Force Materiel Command, 74

Air Force Museum, 70, 124, 127

Army, 8, 11, 37, 47, 49, 51—54,

57, 58, 60, 61, 65, 66, 96

Army Aeronautical Museum, 67,

126

Army Air Corps, 99

Army Air Service, 114

Army Quartermaster Corps, 110

Bureau of the Budget, 110

Circuit Court, 86—89, 93, 94

Coast Guard, 68

Congress, House, 24, 54, 55, 59,

62, 63, 102—105, 108—111, 115,

117, 119, 121

Congress, Senate, 46, 59, 105,

108, 109, 111, 115—117, 119,

121

Court of Claims, 4, 90, 91

Department of Justice, 9

Department of the Interior, 111

District Court, 86, 87, 89, 91, 96,

101, 102

Government, 69

Mint, 119

National Advisory Committee for

Aeronautics, 21

National Air and Space Museum,

12, 61, 66, 72, 76, 81, 107, 122,

126

National Air Museum, 122, 123

National Archives, 129

National Park Service, 65, 107,

111

Navy, 50, 66, 113

Patent Office, 88

Post Office, 116, 117

President s Aircraft Board, 9

Public Record Office, 69

Signal Corps, 10, 47, 65, 66, 71

War Department, 19, 52, 63, 69,

110

Unitt, Pete, 75

University of Iowa, Annual History

Conference, 22

University of Maine, 126

University of North Carolina, 129

Untermeyer, Louis, 19

Ursinus, Oskar, 45

Vaeth, J. Gordon, 106

Van der Linden, Robert F., 75

Van Doren, Carl, 56

Vangelli, Pier Gabrielle, 126

Varley, W. Mansergh, 11

Veigelin, Konstantin E., 7, 51, 55

Veit, Sidney, 56, 107

Velsy, Seth, 126

Verein Deutscher Flugtechniker, 92,

93

Verney, L., 37

Verrill, Dorothy, 135

Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy,

129

Victoria and Albert Museum, 13

Victorin, Harald, 19

Victory, John F., 116

Villard, Henry Serrano, 72

Villetiou, Jean de, 32

Vincent, Col., 28

Vivian, E. Charles, 19, 23

Vogt, Gregory, 135

Voisin, Charles, 38

Voisin, Gabriel, 38, 39

Volckmann, C. J. E., 78

Von L ssl, E. W., 35

Vorreiter, Ansbert, 25, 38, 41, 45,

46, 77

Wade, Mary H., 19

Walcott, Dr. Charles D., 5, 101, 102

Walker, Lois, E., 71

Walker, Percy B., 69

Wallhauser, Henry T., 67

Walters, David W., 19

A Bibliography 143

Index
Walton, Francis, 106

Ward, Judge, 87, 89, 96

Waring, Ron, 64

Warner, Edward P., 82

Warren, Rep. Lindsay, 54, 60,

108—110

Washington Academy of Sciences,

36

Watson, Thomas, 19

Watter, Michael, 97

Watts, Harry C., 88

Wead, Frank, 19

Weaver, Henry M., 34, 35, 58

Webb, Edna Lenore, 27

Webb, Mary Griffin, 27

Webbert, Charles, 35

Wehman, Henry T., 88, 102

Weiboldt, Mr. And Mrs. Elmer F.,

127

Weiller syndicate, 38, 124

Weiller, Lazare, 19, 97

Weiner Luftschiffer Verein, 35

Welch, Becky, 135

Welch, Helena, 19

Wellman, Walter, 35

Wellner, Georg, 42

Wells, Alexander T., 71, 93

Werther, William, 23

Wesinger, Mort, 4, 5

West, Rupert E., 54

Westburg, Paul, 121

Westcott, Robert L., 55, 90

Western Society of Engineers, 18,

95, 121

Wetmore, Edmund, 87

Wheel, F. A., 44

White, D. Thompson, 19

Whitehead, Gustave, 4, 5, 75

Whitehouse, Arch, 19, 56, 62

Whitener, Ralph V., 62, 111, 117

Whittaker, W. E. de B., 24

Wickam, Shelby E., 71

Wilkey, Michael, 135

Williams, Al, 26, 61, 122

Williams, Henry, 52

Williams, Walter R., Jr., 19

Wilson, Rev. Maurice E., 24

Winkley, Erastus E., 88

Winslow, John, 58

Wise, Henry A., 25

WLW (radio station), 4

Wolko, Howard S., 20, 72, 77, 81

Woodhouse, Henry, 25, 53

Woods, Andrew Young, 135

Woodson, Jack, 67

Workman, William H., 91

Worrel, Rodney K., 97

Wright Aeronautical Company, 67,

73, 86, 91

Wright Aeronautical Corporation,

100, 114

Wright Aeroplanes, 6

Wright Bicycle Shop, 112, 129

Wright Brothers Aeronautical

Collection, 70, 81, 125

Wright Brothers Field, Dayton,

Ohio, 100

Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy,

74

Wright Brothers Memorial Wind

Tunnel, 6, 70, 81, 82, 100, 115

Wright Brothers National Memorial,

65, 107, 129

Wright Company Machine Shop, 76

Wright Company, 15, 20, 29, 53, 67,

73, 76, 79, 82, 86—91, 93—95,

98—100, 118

Wright Cycle Shop, 76

Wright Exhibition Team, 56

Wright Flying School, 20

Wright Memorial Observance, 62

Wright Motors, 6

Wright National Memorial Museum,

124

Wright propellers, 6

Wright School of Aviation, 71, 98,

99

Dayton, Ohio, 98

Hempstead Plains, New York, 99

Montgomery, Alabama, 98, 100

Simms Station, Dayton, Ohio, 99

Wright State University, Dept. of

Archives and Special

Collections, 70

Wright, Bishop Milton, 1, 11, 14

Wright, Elsie, 135

Wright, H. D., 123

Wright, Hamilton M., 110

Wright, Katharine, 5, 13, 28, 47, 71,

88, 108, 114, 133

Wright, Lorin, 16

Wright, Orville, 

biographic references, 9—24,

27—31

estate, 81, 126

flights by, 31—77

interviews, speeches, statements,

8, 9

medals and honors, 118—122

memorials, 113—118

monuments and museums,

107—113

motion pictures and film strips,

129

patents, 79

poetry about, 127, 128

writings (published), 3—7

Wright, Wilbur, 

anniversary banquet, 54

biographic references, 9—27

field, 71

flights by, 31—77

interviews, speeches, statements,

7, 8

medals and honors, 118—122

memorial lectures, 23, 26, 52, 53,

81, 82, 113

memorials, 113—118

monuments and museums,

107—113

motion pictures and film strips,

129

patents, 79

poetry about, 127, 128

writings (published), 1—3, 6, 7

Wright, Wilbur and Orville

Memorial Commission, 112, 113

Memorial, 72, 100

Wright—Burgess Company, 86

Wright—Langley controversy, 5

Wright—Martin Aircraft Corporation,

67, 73, 90, 97

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, 71

Wright—Smithsonian controversy,

21, 100—107

Wylum, William, 60

Wymer, Norman, 20

Wynne, Hugh, 129

Yeager, Chuck, 74

Yenne, Bill, 75

Young, Edward H., 47

Young, Edward M., 100

Young, Rick, 1, 74, 75

Zahm, Albert F., 6, 51, 61, 86, 88,

101, 102

Zamonski, John A., 1

Zenkevich, Michael, 20

Zeppelin, 16

Zhukovskii, Nikolai, 51

Zisfein, Melvin B., 70

Zubkoff, Harry M., 74

144 Wilbur & Orville Wright

Index