NASA Technical Memorandum 104566, Vol. 6

SeaWiFS Technical Report Series

Stanford B. Hooker and

Elaine R. Firestone, Editors

Volume 6, SeaWiFS Technical Report Series

Cumulative Index: Volumes 1–5

Elaine R. Firestone and Stanford B. Hooker

November 1992
NASA Technical Memorandum 104566, Vol. 6

SeaWiFS Technical Report Series

Stanford B. Hooker, Editor

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland

Elaine R. Firestone, Technical Editor

General Sciences Corporation

Laurel, Maryland

Volume 6, SeaWiFS Technical Report Series

Cumulative Index: Volumes 1–5

Elaine R. Firestone

General Sciences Corporation

Laurel, Maryland

Stanford B. Hooker

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

1992
E.R. Firestone and S.B. Hooker

Abstract

The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) is the follow-on ocean color instrument to the Coastal

Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), which ceased operations in 1986, after an eight year mission. SeaWiFS is expected

to be launched in August 1993, on the SeaStar satellite, being built by Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC).

The SeaWiFS Project at the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has undertaken the responsibility of

documenting all aspects of this mission, which is critical to the ocean color and marine science communities. This

documentation, entitled the SeaWiFS Technical Report Series, is in the form of NASA Technical Memoranda

Number 104566. All reports published are volumes within the series. This volume serves as a reference, or

guidebook, to the previous five volumes and consists of four main sections including an index to key words and

phrases, a list of all references cited, and lists of acronyms and symbols used. It is our intention to publish

a summary index of this type after every five volumes in the series. This will cover the topics published in

all previous editions of the indices, that is, each new index will include all of the information contained in the

preceeding indices.

1. INTRODUCTION

This first in a series of indices, published as a separate

volume in the SeaWiFS Technical Report Series, covers

information found in the following volumes:

Vol. 1: S.B. Hooker, W.E. Esaias, G.C. Feldman,

W.W. Gregg, and C.R. McClain, An Overview of SeaWiFS and Ocean Color.

Vol. 2: W.W. Gregg, Analysis of Orbit Selection

for SeaWiFS: Ascendingvs. Descending

Node.

Vol. 3: C.R. McClain, W.E. Esaias, W. Barnes, B.

Guenther, D. Endres, S.B. Hooker, B.G.

Mitchell, and R. Barnes, Calibration and

Validation Plan for SeaWiFS.

Vol. 4: C.R. McClain, E. Yeh, and G. Fu, An Analysis of GAC SamplingAlgorithms: A Case

Study.

Vol. 5: J.L. Mueller and R.W. Austin, Ocean Optics Protocols for SeaWiFS Validation.

This volume within the series serves as a reference, or

guidebook, to the aforementioned volumes and consists of

four main sections including a summary index to key words

and phrases, a glossary of acronyms, a list of symbols used,

and a bibliography of all references cited. Unless indicated

otherwise, the index entries refer to some aspect of the SeaWiFS sensor or project, for example, the mission overview

index entry refers to an overview of the SeaWiFS mission.

The nomenclature of the index is a familiar one, in

the sense that it is a sequence of alphabetical entries, but

it utilizes a unique format since multiple volumes are involved. An index entry is composed of a keyword followed

by an entry field which directs the reader to the possible

locations where a discussion of the keyword can be found.

The entry field is normally made up of a volume identifier

shown in bold face, followed by a pages identifier, which is

always enclosed in parentheses:

keyword, volume(pages).

If an entry is the subject of an entire volume, the volume

field is shown in slanted type with no page field:

keyword, Vol. (number).

Figures or tables that provide particularly important summary information are also indicated as separate entries in

the pages field. In this case, the figure or table number is

given with the page number it appears on.

Summary Index

airborne spectral radiometry, 5(7–8).

aircraft calibration technique, 3(Fig. 19 p. 27).

ancillary measurements, 5(8, 27–28, 30).

ascending node, Vol. 2.

computation methods, 2(1–2).

tilt strategy, 2(Table 1 p. 2).

algorithms:

development, 3(27–35, Fig. 22 p. 33).

atmospheric correction, 3(1–2, Fig. 4 p. 5, 16, 23, 27–28, 31,

32–34).

database development, 3(28).

derived products, 3(27–28).

field studies, 3(30–32, Fig. 22 p. 33), 34–35.

see also GAC.

atmospheric measurements, 5(28–29).

azimuth:

angles at equinox, 2(2, 10, 16).

angles at solstice, 2(Fig. 5 p. 7, 10, 16).

solar angle, 2(2, 16).

spacecraft angle, 2(2, Fig. 6 p. 8, 16).

relative angle, 2(2, Fig. 7 p. 9, 10, Fig. 10 p. 13, 16).

1
SeaWiFS Technical Report Series Cumulative Index: Volumes 1–5

basin-scale processes, 1(6–7).

biogeochemical, 1(2, 19).

properties, 5(6–7).

bio-optics, 1(3, 5, 7, 19).

algorithms, 1(19); 3(8, 13, Fig. 20 p. 29, 29); 5(3).

see also algorithm development.

buoy:

see optical buoy.

see optical mooring.

calibration, 5(2).

lunar, 1(11); 3(Fig. 15 p. 22).

sensor, 1(11).

solar, 1(11); 3(24).

calibration and validation, 1(3, 8, 14, 18–22); Vol. 3.

on-board, 3(21–23).

post-launch, 3(23–27).

pre-launch program, 3(17–21).

program milestones, 3(Fig. 12 p. 14).

program schematic, 3(Fig. 11 p. 14).

see also initialization.

Coastal Zone Color Scanner, see CZCS.

commercial applications, 1(7).

CZCS, 1(1, 5, 6–7, 19); 3(1).

algorithms, 3(1–11, 23).

data collection, 3(6, Fig. 5 p. 5, 21, 30).

global sampling, 3(Fig. 9 p. 10).

level-2products, 4(1).

level-2processing parameters, 4(Table 2 p. 2)

modeling compared to SeaWiFS, 3(Fig. 4 p. 5).

parameters and characteristics, 1(Table 2 p. 5), 3(Table 1

p. 1).

pigment concentration, 3(1–2, 8, 27).

quality control, 3(Fig. 7 p. 8, Fig. 8 p. 9, 32, 35).

sensor, 3(8); 1(5).

time of launch, 2(1).

vicarious calibration, 3(Fig. 6 p. 7, 11, 23, 24–27); 5(3–4).

data:

distribution, 1(16).

management, 1(3, 11–18); 3(32).

policy, 3(37–38).

processing, 1(3, Fig. 2 p. 4, 11–16, Fig. 10 p. 20, 22); 3(13,

32).

subsampling, 4(1).

using SEAPAK with, 4(1–2).

descending node, Vol. 2.

see also ascending node.

equator crossing time, 2(10, 16).

equinox:

see azimuth.

see sun glint.

see zenith.

field program:

instruments, 3(34–35).

computing network, 3(Fig 21 p. 31).

GAC:

alorithms, Vol. 4.

sampling techniques, Vol. 4.

generation mechanisms, 4(Table 1 p. 1).

generation methods, Vol. 4.

geometry, 2(1).

derived parameters, 2(1).

solar, 2(1, 10, 16).

sun glint, 2(1).

viewing, 2(1, 10, 16).

see also azimuth.

see also zenith.

global area coverage, see GAC.

global-scale processes, 1(6–7).

ground coverage, 2(2, Fig. 1 p. 3).

ground systems and support, 1(14–15).

initialization, 5(4–6, Table 1 p. 5).

sampling, 5(31–32).

joint commercial aspects, 1(8).

marine optical buoy:, see MOBY.

mesoscale processes, 1(6).

mission:

operations, 1(14–18).

overview, Vol. 1.

MOBY:

system schematic, 3(Fig. 17 p. 25).

see also optical buoy.

see also optical mooring.

MODIS-N:

instrument characteristics, 3(Table 4 p. 12).

non-research uses, 1(7–8).

ocean color, 1(1–4, 8, 10).

future missions, 3(Fig. 10 p. 12).

requirements, 1(2).

ocean optics protocols, Vol. 5.

OCTS:

instrument characteristics, 3(Table 3 p. 11).

operational applications, 1(7–8).

optical buoy:

drifting, 5(9, 31).

mooring, 5(8, 30–31).

see also MOBY.

optical instruments, Vol. 5.

accuracy specifications, 5(9–15).

analysis methods, 5(33–39).

sensor characterization, 5(15–25). Tables 2–4 pp. 10–11).

science community, role of, 5(3).

see also MOBY.

see also optical buoy.

orbit, 3(23).

distribution of local time, 2(Fig. 2 p. 4).

pigment:

concentration, 3(32); 4(Table 3 p. 3, Figs. 5–11 pp. 6–9).

2
E.R. Firestone and S.B. Hooker

pigment, cont.

values, 4(Fig. 26 p. 15, Figs. 31–33 pp. 18–19).

pixel size, 3(Fig. C-1 p. 39).

Prelaunch Science Working Group, see SPSWG.

project, 1(3); 3(1, 13, 16, 23–24, 32, 34, 38).

goals, 1(2–3).

objectives, 1(3).

organization and personnel, 1(Table 4 p. 22); 3(Fig 13 p. 15).

schematic, 1(Fig. 8 p. 12, Fig. 9 p. 13).

structure, 3(13–16).

quality control, 3(29–30, 35–36).

level-1 screening, 3(35).

level-2product screening, 3(35–36).

level-3 product screening, 3(36).

level-2quality control, 3(35).

radiometric specifications, 3(36–37, Table A-1 p. 36).

research:

applications, 1(3–5).

cruises, 3(30–32).

saturation radiances, 3(Tables A-2through A-4 pp. 36–37).

science mission goals, 3(12–13).

SEAPAK, 4(1–2, 19).

SeaStar, 1(1, 3, 8); 2(1–2); 3(21).

launch sequence, 1(Fig. 4 p. 9).

operational system, 1(Fig. 6 p. 10).

orbital simulation parameters, 2(Table 1 p. 2).

satellite, 1(Fig. 5 p. 9).

spacecraft description, 1(8–10).

SeaWiFS instrument, 1(1, 5–6, 8).

bandwidths, 1(Table 1 p. 1, Fig. 2 p. 2).

characteristics, 2(Table 1 p. 2); 3(Table 2 p. 11, 13).

calibration and characterization, 3(Fig 14 p. 18).

description, 1(10–11).

launch time, 2(1).

major milestones, 3(Table 7 p. 21).

monitoring of, 1(18).

operations schedules, 1(17–18).

scanner, 1(11, Fig. 7 p. 14).

sensitivities, 1(Fig. 3 p. 6).

telemetry parameters, 3(Table 8 p. 23).

test plan summary, 3(Table 6 p. 19–20).

vicarious calibration, 5(3–4, 33).

sensor:

SeaWiFS, see SeaWiFS instrument.

CZCS, see CZCS.

solar irradiance measurements, 3(Fig 16 p. 22).

solstice:

see azimuth.

see sun glint.

see zenith.

spectral irradiance and radiance measurements, 3(2); 5(25–27).

SPSWG, 3(Table 5 p. 16, 27–28).

sun glint, 2(1, 10, 14); 3(6).

at equinox, 2(10).

sun glint, cont.

at solstice, 2(10, 16).

radiance distribution, 2(Fig. 8 p. 11, Fig. 11 p. 14).

validation:

sampling, 5(2).

zenith, 2(10).

angles at equinox, 2(2, 16).

angles at solstice, 2(10, 16).

solar angle, 2(2, Fig. 3 p. 5, 10, Fig. 9 p. 5, Fig. 12 p. 15,

Table 3 p. 16, 16); 3(8, 23).

spacecraft angle, 2(2, Fig. 4 p. 6, 10, 16).

Glossary

ACRIM Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor

ACS Attitude Control System

A/D Analog-to-Digital

ADEOS Advanced Earth Observation Satellite (Japanese)

ALSCAT ALPHA and Scattering Meter (Note: the symbol α corresponds to c(λ), the beam attenuation

coefficient, in present usage).

AOCI Airborne Ocean Color Imager

AOL Airborne Oceanographic Lidar

AOS/LOS Acquisition of Signal/Loss of Signal

ARGOS Name given to the data collection and location

system on the NOAA Operational Satellites (not

an acronym)

AT Along-Track

AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

AVIRIS Advanced Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer

BBR Band-to-Band Registration

bpi bits per inch

BRDF Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function

BUV Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer

CalCOFI California Cooperative Fisheries Institute

Cal/Val Calibration and Validation

Case 1 Water whose reflectance is determined solely by

absorption.

Case 2Water whose reflectance is significantly influenced

by scattering.

CDOM Colored Dissolved Organic Material

CDR Critial Design Review

CHORS Center for Hydro-Optics and Remote Sensing

(San Diego State University)

cpu Central Processing Unit

CRM Contrast Reduction Meter

CRT Calibrated Radiance Tapes; or Cathode Ray Tube.

CT Cross-Track

CTD Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth

CVT Calibration/Validation Team

CW Continuous Wave

CZCS Coastal Zone Color Scanner

DAAC Distributed Active Archive Center

DC Direct Current

DCF Data Capture Facility

DCP Data Collection Platform

DOC Dissolved Organic Carbon

DOM Dissolved Organic Matter

ECMWF European Centre for Medium Range Weather

Forecasts

ECT Equator Crossing Time

3
SeaWiFS Technical Report Series Cumulative Index: Volumes 1–5

EOS Earth Observing Satellite

EOSAT Earth Observation Satellite Company

EOSDIS Earth Observing Satellite Data Information System

ERBE Earth Radiation Budget Experiment

ERBS Earth Radiation Budget Sensor

ER-2Earth Resources-2

ESA European Space Agency

FDDI Fiber Data Distribution Interface

FNOC Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center

FOV Field-of-View

FWHM Full-Width Half-Maximum

GAC Global Area Coverage, coarse resolution satellite data with a nominal ground resolution of

approximately 4 km.

GASM General Angle Scattering Meter

GFF Glass Fiber Filter by Whatman

GLI Global Imager

GMT Greenwich Mean Time

GOES Geosynchronous Orbital Environmental Sat-ellite

GOFS Global Ocean Flux Study

GPS Global Positioning System

GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center

HeNe Helium-Neon

HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography

HRPT High Resolution Picture Transmission

HYDRA Hydrographic Data Reduction and Analysis

IAPSO International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Ocean

ICES International Council on Exploration of the Seas

IFOV Instantaneous Field-of-View

I/O Input/Output

IOP Inherent Optical Properties

IR Infrared

IUE International Ultraviolet Explorer

JGOFS Joint Global Ocean Flux Study

LAC Local Area Coverage, fine resolution satellite data

with a nominal ground resolution of approximately 1 km.

Level-0 Raw data.

Level-1 Calibrated radiances.

Level-2Derived products.

Level-3 Gridded and averaged derived products.

MAREX Marine Resources Experiment Program

MARS Multispectral Airborne Radiometer System

MERIS Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer

MIPS Millions of Instructions Per Second

MOBY Marine Optical Buoy

MODIS Moderate Resolution Image Spectrometer

MODIS-N Moderate Resolution Image Spectrometer—Nadir

MODIS-T Moderate Resolution Image Spectrometer—Tilt

MTF Modulation Transfer Function

NAS National Academy of Science

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NASCOM NASA Communications

NASDA National Space Development Agency (Japanese)

NASIC NASA Aircraft/Satellite Instrument Calibration

NCDS National Climate Data System

NE∆T Noise Equivalent Delta Temperature

NEδL Noise Equivalent delta Radiance

NESDIS National Environmental Satellite Data Information Service

NET Nimbus Experiment Team

NIST National Institute of Standards of Technology

NMC National Meteorological Center

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOARL Naval Oceanographic and Atmospheric Research

Laboratory

NRA NASA Research Announcement

NSCAT NASA Scatterometer

NSF National Science Foundation

OCTS Ocean Color Temperature Sensor (Japanese)

ODAS Ocean Data Acquisition System

OFFI Optical Free-Fall Instrument

ONR Office of Naval Research

OSC Orbital Sciences Corporation

OSFI Optical Surface Floating Instrument

OSSA Office of Space Science and Applications

PAR Photosynthetically Available Radiation

PDR Preliminary Design Review

PIKE Phased Illuminated Knife Edge

POC Particulate Organic Carbon

POLDER Polarization Detecting Environmental Radiometer (French)

PON Particulate Organic Nitrogen

PSU Practical Salinity Units

QC Quality Control

RDF Radio Direction Finder

RFP Request for Proposal

rms root mean squared

ROSIS Remote Sensing Imaging Spectrometer, also known

as the Reflective Optics System Imaging Spectrometer (Germany)

RTOP Research and Technology Operation Plan

SARSAT Search and Rescue Satellite

SBRC Santa Barbara Research Center

SBUV Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Radiometer

SBUV–2Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Radiometer–2

SCOR Scientific Committee on Oceanographic Research

SDPS SeaWiFS Data Processing System

SeaWiFS Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor

SIS Spherical Integrating Source

SISSR Submerged In Situ Spectral Radiometer

SMM Solar Maximum Mission

SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio

SOC Spacecraft Operations Center

SOGS SeaStar Operations Ground Subsystem

SPM Suspended Particulate Material

SPO SeaWiFS Project Office

SPOT Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (French)

SPSWG SeaWiFS Prelaunch Science Working Group

SST Sea Surface Temperature

ST Science Team

SWG Science Working Group

T-S Temperature-Salinity

TBD To Be Determined

TDI Time-Delay and Integration

TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System

TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer

TOPEX Topography Experiment

TSM Total Suspended Material

UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organizations

UVB Ultraviolet-B

4
E.R. Firestone and S.B. Hooker

VHF Very High Frequency

VISLAB Visibility Laboratory (Scripps Institution of Oceanography)

VISNIR Visible and Near Infrared

WFF Wallops Flight Facility

WMO World Meteorological Organization

WOCE World Ocean Circulation Experiment

WORM Write Once Read Many

Symbols

a(z, λ) Spectral absorption coefficient

b(z, λ) Total scattering coefficient

b(θ, z, λ0) Volume scattering coefficient

bb(z, λ) Spectral backscattering coefficient

br(λ) Total Raman scattering coefficient

c(z, λ) Spectral beam attenuation coefficient

c(z, 660) Red beam attenuation (at 660 nm)

Ea(λ) Irradiance in air

Ecal Calibration source irradiance

Ed(0−, λ) Incident spectral irradiance

Ed(z, λ) Downwelled spectral irradiance

Es(λ) Surface irradiance

Esky(λ) Spectral sky irradiance distribution

Esun(λ) Spectral sun irradiance distribution

Eu(z, λ) Upwelled spectral irradiance

Ew(z, λ) Irradiance in water

K(z, λ) Diffuse attenuation coefficient

KE(λ) Attenuation coefficient downwelled irradiance

KL(z, λ) Attenuation coefficient upwelled radiance

Lu(z, λ) Upwelled spectral radiance

Lcal Calibration source radiance

L(z, θ, φ) Submerged upwelled radiance distribution

Lsky(λ) Spectral sky radiance distribution

LW (λ) Water-leaving radiance

LW N (λ) Normalized water-leaving radiance

nw(λ) Index of refraction of water

Q(λ) Lu(0−, λ) to Eu(0−, λ) relation factor (theoretically equal to π)

RL(z, λ) Spectral reflectance

Rz Sunspot number

S Solar constant

Ts(λ) Transmittance through the surface

Tw(λ) Transmittance through a water path

β(z, λ, θ) Spectral volume scattering function

μd(0+, λ) Spectral mean cosine for downwelling radiance

at the sea surface

τ (z, λ) Spectral optical depth

τs(λ) Spectral solar atmospheric transmission

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