Guide to

Publications 

& Resources

United States Sentencing Commission

2010/2011
UNITED STATES SENTENCING COMMISSION

ONE COLUMBUS CIRCLE, NE

SUITE 2-500, SOUTH LOBBY

WASHINGTON, DC 20002-8002

(202) 502-4500

FAX (202) 502-4699

August 31,2010

To Recipients of this Guide to Publications & Resources'.

On behalf of the United States Sentencing Commission, I am pleased to provide a copy

of our 2010-2011 Guide to Publications & Resources. In furtherance of its mandate to promote

research and disseminate information on sentencing, the Commission offers this catalog, which

lists our available publications, data, and information resources. Please note that the guide also

features subject and title indices. In addition, the Commission's website (www.ussc.gov) makes

available a variety of reports, materials, and other information.

Please feel free to call upon the Commission if you have any questions about the catalog

or if we may be of service in any other way.

/illiam K.

Chair
UNITED STATES SENTENCING COMMISSION

William K. Sessions III

Chair

Ruben Castillo

Vice Chair

William B. Carr, Jr.

Vice Chair

Ketanji Brown Jackson

Vice Chair

Ricardo H. Hinojosa

Commissioner

Beryl A. Howell

Commissioner

Dabney L. Friedrich

Commissioner

Isaac Fulwood, Jr.

Commissioner (ex officio)

Jonathan J. Wroblewski

Commissioner (ex officio)
Table of Contents

Introduction .......................................................... 1

Publication and Resource Availability ..................................... 2

Information Resources ................................................. 3

HelpLine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Website (www.ussc.gov) ......................................... 3

Guideline Training and Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Library Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Video and Audio Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Rulemaking Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Commission Publications ............................................... 5

Guidelines Manuals and Amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Annual Reports and Statistical Sourcebooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Other Statistical Compilations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Reports to Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Reports to Judicial Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Overviews and Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Guideline Operations/Federal Sentencing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Adjustments in Offense Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Criminal History and Criminal Livelihood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Determining the Sentence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Sentencing Procedures and Plea Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Violations of Probation and Supervised Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Sentencing of Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Surveys, Analyses, and Assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Juvenile Offenders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Offense Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Bank Robbery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Child Sex Offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Drugs and Firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Escape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Food and Drug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Fraud and Theft (Including Identity Theft) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Immigration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Manslaughter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Money Laundering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Nuclear/Biological/Chemical Weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Public Corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

White Collar Crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Special Research Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Recidivism Research Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Retroactivity Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Legal Briefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Symposium Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Advisory Group Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Other Reports and Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Video and Audio Tapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Federal Register Notices, Public Comment, and Hearing Transcripts . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Commission Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Commission Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Historical Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Special Study Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Index by Publication Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Index by Subject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Introduction

The United States Sentencing Commission, created by the Sentencing Reform

Act of 1984, establishes for the federal courts sentencing policies and practices that

further the purposes and objectives set forth in the Act. The Commission is

specifically directed by the Act to (1) establish a research and development program;

(2) provide a clearinghouse and information center for the collection, preparation, and

dissemination of information on federal sentencing practices; and (3) serve in a

consulting capacity in the development, maintenance, and coordination of sound

sentencing practices. The Commission conducts research in support of its mandate,

compiles information on data sources and relevant criminal justice studies, and

collects data on guidelines application and other federal criminal justice processes to

inform Congress, the courts, the criminal justice community, and the public.

1
United States Sentencing Commission

 Publication and Resource Availability

The Commission seeks to carry out its congressional mandates through the

most efficient use of government resources, consistent with its agreement with the

Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts regarding the confidentiality of certain

documents. Public access is available to all items listed in this Guide to Publications

& Resources. Some may be downloaded from the Commission’s website; some are

available on request; others are placed in libraries across the nation; and still others

must be viewed on-site. Availability is indicated by the following codes:

www.ussc.gov Available on the Commission’s website at the address

www.ussc.gov. See page 3 for details.

SC-Request On request from the Commission while supplies last,

then on-site inspection.

SC-Inspect On-site inspection (at the Commission library) by

appointment.

SC-Loan From the Commission for 24-hour loan.

RDL Available at GPO Regional Depository Libraries. See

www.gpoaccess.gov/libraries.html for details.

ICPSR From the Inter-University Consortium for Political and

Social Research, University of Michigan (data only).

See www.ICPSR.umich.edu/NACJD/archive.html

Address publication inquiries to:

United States Sentencing Commission

Office of Legislative and Public Affairs

One Columbus Circle, N.E.

Suite 2-500

Washington, D.C. 20002-8002

pubaffairs@ussc.gov

(202) 502-4500

2
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Information Resources

HelpLine (202–502–4545)

The Commission operates a telephone HelpLine to assist judges, probation

officers, prosecuting and defense attorneys, and law clerks with guideline

application questions. The HelpLine is open to callers Monday through Friday

between 8:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m., EST. 

Website – www.ussc.gov

Visitors to the Commission’s website (www.ussc.gov) at the address

www.ussc.gov can browse as well as download Commission documents and

materials. The site features the latest news about the Commission,

publications, federal sentencing statistics, education and training materials,

and organizational guidelines materials. The site also includes Commission

meeting information, Federal Register notices, public meeting minutes, public

hearing testimony, and many other sentencing-related items of interest. 

Guideline Training and Education

www.ussc.gov.

A variety of exercises, visual aids, and other training materials (e.g., worksheets,

articles, court decisions) designed by the Commission are available to the public

via the Commission’s website.

Library Resources

SC-Inspect.

The Commission library, open to the public by appointment (202-502-4500),

contains a collection of publications on criminal justice and sentencing-related

issues.

Video and Audio Resources

The Commission maintains a selection of audio and video tapes that may be obtained

through loan. See page 22.

3
United States Sentencing Commission

Rulemaking Resources

The Commission maintains Federal Register notices, public comment, public hearing

transcripts, and public meeting minutes in a variety of formats. See pages 23–25. 

4
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Commission Publications

Guidelines Manuals and Amendments

The Guidelines Manual (1987-present) contains the official guidelines, policy

statements, and commentary issued by the Commission. The federal

sentencing guidelines took effect on November 1, 1987 (the first Guidelines

Manual). Each succeeding edition of the Guidelines Manual incorporates

amendments generated by the Commission during the previous amendment

cycle. Supplements to the Guidelines Manual, as well as “reader-friendly”

versions of amendments—compilations containing unofficial text of

amendments submitted to Congress—are available on the Commission’s

website. Hard copies of current manuals may be purchased from the

Government Printing Office (http://bookstore.gpo.gov/help/index.jsp or

1-866-512-1800).

Preliminary Draft, Sentencing Guidelines (September 1986). 

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Revised Draft, Sentencing Guidelines (January 1987). 

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements (Published 04/13/87; effective 11/01/87).

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Published October 1987; effective 11/01/87). 

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 01/15/88). 

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 06/15/88). 

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 10/15/88). 

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/89). 

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/90).

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/91).

2 volumes.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

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United States Sentencing Commission

Amendments to the Guidelines Manual Mandated By Public Law 102-141

(Effective 11/27/91).

SC-Request; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/92).

2 volumes.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/93).

2 volumes.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/94).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/95).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Amendments to the Sentencing Guidelines (Effective 11/01/96).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/97).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/98).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Supplement to the 1998 Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 05/01/00).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/00).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Supplement to the 2000 Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 05/01/01).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/01).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/02).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

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Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Supplement to the 2002 Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 01/25/03).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Supplement to the 2002 Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 01/25/03, 04/30/03,

and 05/30/03).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/03).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/04).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/05).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Supplement to the 2005 Guidelines Manual (Amendment effective 03/27/06).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Emergency Amendment to the Sentencing Guidelines (Amendment effective

09/12/06).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/06).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Supplement to the 2006 Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 05/01/07).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/07).

2 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Supplement to the 2007 Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 02/06/08 and

03/03/08).

www.ussc.gov.

Supplement to the 2007 Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 02/06/08, 03/03/08),

and 05/01/08).

www.ussc.gov.

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/08).

3 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

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United States Sentencing Commission

Guidelines Manual (Amendments effective 11/01/09).

3 volumes.

www.ussc.gov; RDL; Publisher.

Annual Reports and Statistical Sourcebooks

The Commission’s Annual Report reports on Commission activities and

research data covering the fiscal year ending prior to publication. The Annual

Report includes a Commission overview, discussion of recent amendments to

the sentencing guidelines and current legal issues, and (for the years 1988–1995)

extensive data on sentencing guideline application in the form of tables and

graphics.

Annual Report (1986–present).

www.ussc.gov (1995-present); SC-Request; SC-Inspect; RDL.

Sourcebook of Federal Sentencing Statistics (1996–present).

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Beginning in 1996, the descriptive statistics portion of the Annual Report was

placed in this companion volume. The Sourcebook of Federal Sentencing

Statistics contains demographic data on individual defendants, guideline

application, organizational sentencing practices, and sentencing appeals. In

addition, it provides selected district, circuit, and national sentencing data.

Other Statistical Compilations

Federal Sentencing Statistics by District, State, and Circuit (1996–present).

www.ussc.gov.

Post-Booker/Quarterly Sentencing Updates (February 2005–present).

www.ussc.gov.

Guideline Application Frequencies (2002–present).

www.ussc.gov.

Fiscal Year 2008 Post-Kimbrough/Gall Data Report (February 10, 2009). 

www.ussc.gov.

Preliminary Crack Cocaine Retroactivity Report (updated periodically in separate

reports).

www.ussc.gov.

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Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Reports to Congress

Supplementary Report on the Initial Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements

(June 18, 1987). 266 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Statutory Penalties Project Description and Compilations of Federal Criminal

Offenses – Preliminary Report to the Congress (November 1, 1989). 165 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Supplementary Report to the Congress: Statutory Penalty Review Project

(February 13, 1991). 53 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Special Report to the Congress: Mandatory Minimum Penalties in the Federal

Criminal Justice System (August 1991). 174 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Supplementary Report on Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations

(August 30, 1991). 186 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

The Federal Sentencing Guidelines: A Report on the Operation of the Guidelines

System and Short-Term Impacts on Disparity in Sentencing, Use of Incarceration, and

Prosecutorial Discretion and Plea Bargaining (December 1991) 2 volumes and

Executive Summary. 876 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Analysis of Sentencing-Related Provisions of S. 2305 and H.R. 3371 Conference Report

Crime Bills (Spring 1992). 37 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Analysis of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (H.R. 3355)

(February 22 and June 8, 1994). 68 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Report to Congress on the Maximum Utilization of Prison Resources

(June 30, 1994). 14 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Special Report to the Congress: Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy

(February 1995). 205 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Adequacy of Penalties for the Intentional Exposure of Others,

through Sexual Activity, to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (March 1995).

5 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

9
United States Sentencing Commission

Report to the Congress: Adequacy of Penalties for Fraud Offenses Involving Elderly

Victims (March 1995). 28 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Analysis of Penalties for Federal Rape Cases

(March 1995). 20 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Analysis of the Sentencing-Related Provisions of the Senate Committee Print of the

Immigration Reform Act of 1995 (Winter 1996). 10 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Sex Offenses Against Children (June 1996). 45 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Adequacy of Federal Sentencing Guideline Penalties for

Computer Fraud and Vandalism Offenses (June 1996). 13 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Special Report to Congress: Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy (April 1997). 

15 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Sentencing Policy for Money Laundering Offenses, Including

Comments on Department of Justice Report (September 18, 1997). 20 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Telemarketing Fraud Offenses–Explanation of Recent

Guideline Amendments (October 1998). 18 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: MDMA Drug Offenses: Explanation of Recent Guideline

Amendments (May 2001). 20 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy (May 2002). 

149 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Increased Penalties Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

(January 2003). 34 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Increased Penalties for Cyber Security Offenses

(May 2003). 14 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

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Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Report to the Congress: Increased Penalties for Campaign Finance Offenses and

Legislative Recommendations (May 2003). 8 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report to Congress: Downward Departures from the Federal Sentencing Guidelines

(October 2003). 175 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Report to the Congress: Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy (May 2007).

192 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL. 

Report to the Congress: Amendments to the Federal Sentencing Guidelines in

Response to the Emergency Disaster Assistance Fraud Penalty Enhancement Act of

2007 (September 2008). 79 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Reports to Judicial Conference

Report to the Judicial Conference of the United States (March 1999). 7 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Report to the Judicial Conference of the United States (September 1999). 5 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Overviews and Highlights

Amendment Highlights (Selected individual years).

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

An Overview of the Organizational Guidelines (2001). 1 page.

www.ussc.gov.

An Overview of the United States Sentencing Commission (Updated periodically).

3 pages.

SC-Request.

An Overview of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines (Updated periodically).

3 pages.

SC-Request.

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United States Sentencing Commission

Guideline Operations/Federal Sentencing System

Adjustments in Offense Level

Role in the Offense Working Group Report (January 4, 1990). 21 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Acceptance of Responsibility Working Group Report (October 16, 1991). 50 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Chapter Three Adjustments (November 1996). 13 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Multiple Counts (November 1996). 13 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Criminal History and Criminal Livelihood

Criminal Livelihood Working Group Report (March 23, 1988). 40 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Career Offender Guidelines Working Group Report (March 25, 1988). 45 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Criminal History Working Group Report (December 20, 1989). 21 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Working Group Report on Category 0/VII (November 20, 1990). 33 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Criminal History Working Group Report: Category 0, Category VII, Career Offender

(October 17, 1991). 53 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Criminal History (November 1996). 10 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Computation of “Recency” Criminal History Points Under §4A1.1(e) (August 2010).

22 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Determining the Sentence

The Federal Offender: A Program of Intermediate Punishments (Alternatives to

Imprisonment Project) (December 28, 1990). 180 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

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Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Preliminary Report to the Commission: Staff Working Group on Alternatives

(October 23, 1991). 43 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Relevant Conduct (November 1996). 6 pages. 

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Departures and Offender Characteristics (November 1996). 12 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Sentencing Options Under the Guidelines (November 1996). 31 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Federal Court Practices: Sentence Reductions Based on Defendants’ Substantial

Assistance to the Government (May 1997).

SC-Loan; SC-Inspect.

Substantial Assistance: An Empirical Yardstick Gauging Equity in Current Federal

Policy and Practice (January 1998). 35 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Federal Sentencing: Grouping of Money Laundering and Fraud Counts of Conviction

(March 2000). 8 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Departures (June 2002). 46 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Sentencing Procedures and Plea Agreements

Plea Negotiations Under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines: An Empirical

Examination of the Post-Mistretta Experience (December 1994). 355 pages.

SC-Loan.

Violations of Probation and Supervised Release

Revocation Working Group Report (December 18, 1989). 9 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Probation and Supervised Release: Revocation and Other Issues (August 18, 1998).

30 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Probation and Supervised Release Violations (February 2002). 30 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

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United States Sentencing Commission

Federal Offenders Sentenced to Supervised Release (July 2010). 99 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Sentencing of Organizations

Discussion Materials on Organizational Sanctions (July 1988). 232 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Surveys, Analyses, and Assessments

A National Sample Survey: Public Opinion on Sentencing Federal Crimes

(October 1995). 219 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Just Punishment: Public Perceptions and the Federal Sentencing Guidelines

(February 1997). 11 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Survey of Article III Judges: Summary Report (December 2002). 29 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Survey of Article III Judges on the Federal Sentencing Guidelines: Final Report

(March 2003). 108 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Fifteen Years of Guidelines Sentencing: An Assessment of How Well the Federal

Criminal Justice System is Achieving the Goals of Sentencing Reform (November

2004). 242 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Survey Results/Preliminary Findings on Blakely Effect (November 2004). 10 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Final Report on the Impact of United States v. Booker on Federal Sentencing

(March 2006). 268 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Staff Analysis of the Effect of the United States Supreme Court Decision in Lopez v.

Gonzalez (December 13, 2007). 4 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Demographic Differences in Federal Sentencing Practices: An Update of the Booker

Report’s Multivariate Regression Analysis (March 2010). 49 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Results of Survey of United States District Judges: January 2010 through March 2010

(June 2010). 36 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

14
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Juvenile Offenders

Juvenile Offenders Working Group Report (November 10, 1992). 2 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Offense Types

Bank Robbery

Bank Robbery Working Group Report (March 29, 1989). 111 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Bank Robbery Working Group Report (December 10, 1990). 232 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Child Sex Offenses

Working Group Report on Child Pornography, Obscenity Offenses, and Hate Crimes

(January 16, 1990). 61 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Child Sex Offense Working Group Report (December 1991). 39 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Sentencing Federal Sexual Offenders: Protection of Children from Sexual Predators

Act of 1998 (February 17, 2000). 50 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Report on the History of the Child Pornography Guidelines (October 2009). 54 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Drugs

Drug Working Group Report – Listed Chemicals (November 13, 1990). 180 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Drug Working Group Report (March 27, 1992). 61 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Report of the Drugs/Role/Harmonization Working Group (November 10, 1992).

184 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Methamphetamine Final Report (November 1999). 37 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Steroids Policy Team Report (March 2006). 31 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

15
United States Sentencing Commission

Drugs and Firearms

Drugs, Firearms, and Violent Offenses Working Group Report (December 18, 1989). 

202 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Escape

Report on Federal Escape Offenses in Fiscal Years 2006 and 2007 (November 2008).

14 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Firearms

Firearms and Explosive Materials Working Group Report (December 11, 1990).

488 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Violent Crimes/Firearms/Gangs Working Group Report (October 14, 1992). 105 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Firearms: Selected Federal Statutes and Guideline Enhancements (October 6, 1998). 

15 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Sentencing for the Possession or Use of Firearms During a Crime (January 6, 2000).

42 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Food and Drug

Food and Drug Working Group Preliminary Report (February 1994). 42 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Food and Drug Working Group Report (February 1995). 60 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Fraud and Theft (Including Identity Theft)

Computer Fraud Working Group Report (September 8, 1993). 57 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Loss Issues Working Paper (October 14, 1997). 26 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Guideline Sentencing: Determining “Loss” in §§2B1.1 (Theft) and 2F1.1 (Fraud) 

(April 9, 1997). 5 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

16
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Telemarketing Fraud Working Group Report (January 1998). 37 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Loss Definition Field Testing Report (October 1998). 31 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

A Field Test of Proposed Revisions to the Definition of Loss in the Theft and Fraud

Guidelines: A Report to the Commission (October 20, 1998). 31 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

No Electronic Theft Act Policy Development Team Report (February 1999). 38 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Loan; RDL.

Identity Theft Final Report (December 15, 1999). 69 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Cellular Telephone Cloning Final Report (January 25, 2000). 36 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Loss Issues (May 26, 2000). 24 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

An Overview of Loss in USSG §2B1.1 (March 2007). 14 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Immigration

Aliens Working Group Report (October 18, 1990). 14 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Interim Staff Report on Immigration and the Federal Sentencing Guidelines

(January 20, 2006). 31 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Intellectual Property

Intellectual Property Policy Team Report (May 2006). 25 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Manslaughter

Manslaughter Working Group Report (December 15, 1997). 51 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

17
United States Sentencing Commission

Money Laundering

Money Laundering Working Group Report (October 14, 1992). 48 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Money Laundering Working Group Report (February 28, 1995). 105 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Nuclear/Biological/Chemical Weapons

Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons Policy Team (December 4, 2000).

26 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Public Corruption

Public Corruption Working Group Report (September 8, 1993). 187 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

White Collar Crime

White Collar Crime Working Group Report (April 1993). 357 pages.

SC-Loan; RDL.

Special Research Series

Overview of Federal Criminal Cases, Fiscal Year 2007 (December 2008). 11 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Changing Face of Federal Criminal Sentencing: Seventeen Years of Growth in the

Federal Sentencing Caseload (December 2008). 17 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Alternative Sentencing in the Federal Criminal Justice System (January 2009).

25 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Impact of Prior Minor Offenses on Eligibility for Safety Valve (March 2009).

9 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Introduction to the Collection of Individual Offender Data by the United States

Sentencing Commission (May 2009). 7 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Overview of Federal Criminal Cases, Fiscal Year 2008 (December 2009). 11 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

18
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Federal Sentencing Data and Analysis Issues (August 2010). 8 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Recidivism Research Series

Measuring Recidivism: The Criminal History Computation of the Federal Sentencing

Guidelines (May 2004). 38 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Recidivism and the “First Offender” (May 2004). 31 pages. 

www.ussc.gov; RDL. 

A Comparison of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines Criminal History Category and

the U.S. Parole Commission Salient Factor Score (January 4, 2005). 34 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Retroactivity Analyses

Analysis of the Impact of the Crack Cocaine Amendment If Made Retroactive

(October 3, 2007). 29 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Analysis of the Impact of the Influencing a Minor Amendment if Made Retroactive

(June 22, 2009). 12 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Legal Briefs

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae in Mistretta v.

United States, 488 U.S. 361 (1989). 51 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae in United States

v. Lopez, 938 F.2d 1293 (D.C. Cir. 1991). 21 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae in United States

v. Bell, 991 F.2d 1445 (8th Cir. 1993). 21 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Memorandum of Law by the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae

in United States v. McLellan, Criminal Action No. 1:91-CR-326A-01 (JOF)

(N.D. GA. 1995). 32 pages.

SC-Inspect.

19
United States Sentencing Commission

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae in Support of

Petitioner, United States of America, in United States v. Booker and United States v.

Fanfan, 543 U.S. 220 (2005). 29 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae in Support of

Respondent, United States of America, in Claiborne v. United States and Rita v.

United States, Nos. 06-5618 & 06-5754 (filed January 22, 2007). 46 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae in Support of

Respondent, United States of America, in Dillon v. United States, No. 09-6338 (filed

March 3, 2010). 22 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Symposium Proceedings

Proceedings of the Inaugural Symposium on Crime and Punishment in the United

States: Drugs & Violence in America (June 16–18, 1993). 292 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Crime and Punishment in the United

States: Corporate Crime in America: Strengthening the “Good Citizen” Corporation

(September 7–8, 1995). 400 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Crime and Punishment in the United States: 

Federal Sentencing Policy for Economic Crimes and New Technology Offenses

(October 12–13, 2000). 390 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request; RDL.

Proceedings from the Symposium on Alternatives to Incarceration (July 14-15, 2008). 

436 pages.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

Advisory Group Reports

Report from Advisory Group on Environmental Sanctions (December 1993). 43 pages.

www.ussc.gov.

Report of the Ad Hoc Advisory Group on the Organizational Guidelines

(October 7, 2003). 158 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Final Report of the Native American Advisory Group (November 4, 2003). 47 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

20
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Other Reports and Publications

Dissenting View of Paul H. Robinson on the Promulgation of Sentencing Guidelines

by the United States Sentencing Commission (May 1, 1987). 33 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Preliminary Observations of the Commission on Commissioner Robinson’s Dissent

(May 1, 1987). 8 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

Selected Guidelines Application Decisions (1989–Present).

(Individual years).

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Sentences Imposed Under the Guidelines (October 1, 1990–September 30, 1991).

763 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL

U.S. Sentencing Commission Selected Reprints, Vol. I (June 1992). 262 pages.

SC-Inspect; RDL.

U.S. Sentencing Commission Selected Reprints, Vol. II (September 1996). 254 pages.

SC-Request; RDL.

Update on the Activities of the United States Sentencing Commission

(September 1995). 126 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

The Sentencing Reform Act (November 1996). 11 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

Level of Detail in Chapter Two (November 1996). 10 pages.

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

The Year in Review: 1997–1998 (July 1998). 10 pages. 

www.ussc.gov; RDL.

GuideLines: News from the U.S. Sentencing Commission.

www.ussc.gov; SC-Request.

21
United States Sentencing Commission

Video and Audio Tapes

Audio and Videotape Sets: Symposium on Crime and Punishment in the United

States: Drugs & Violence in America (June 16-18, 1993). 10 videotapes, 9 audio tapes.

SC-Loan.

Videotape Set: Symposium on Crime and Punishment in the United States: 

Corporate Crime in America: Strengthening the <Good Citizen’ Corporation

(September 7-8, 1995). 10 videotapes.

SC-Loan.

Instructional Videotapes

The following instructional videotapes are available on short-term loan from the

Commission’s Office of Education and Sentencing Practice by calling 

(202) 502-4540:

• Sentencing and Guidelines: 2008 Amendments

• Sentencing and Guidelines: 2007 Amendments

• Sentencing and Guidelines: Statement of Reasons Form

• Sentencing and Guidelines: Multiple Counts

• Advanced Guideline Issues: Relevant Conduct

• Advanced Guideline Issues: Immigration

• Advanced Guideline Issues: Firearms

22
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Federal Register Notices, Public Comment, and

Hearing Transcripts

Federal Register Notices.

(1996-present — www.ussc.gov; pre-1996 — www.gpoaccess.gov/fr/; RDL).

Files of public comment from individuals and organizations. 

SC-Inspect.

Minutes of Commission meetings.

(1992-present — www.ussc.gov; RDL (1986–1991); pre-1992 — SC-Inspect; RDL).

United States Sentencing Commission Public Hearing Transcripts.

SC-Inspect; SC-Loan; RDL (April 15, 1986–February 16, 2005); www.ussc.gov

(August 12, 1996–present).

United States Sentencing Commission Public Hearings

Date Location Topic

April 15, 1986 Washington, DC Offense Seriousness

May 22, 1986 Washington, DC Prior Criminal Record

June 10, 1986 Washington, DC Organizational Guidelines

July 15, 1986 Washington, DC Sentencing Options (partial transcript)

September 23, 1986 Washington, DC Plea Agreements (no transcript)

October 17, 1986 Chicago, IL Individual Guidelines

October 21, 1986 New York, NY Individual Guidelines

October 29, 1986 Atlanta, GA Individual Guidelines

November 5, 1986 Denver, CO Individual Guidelines

November 18, 1986 San Francisco, CA Individual Guidelines

December 2–3, 1986 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

February 17, 1987 Washington, DC Capital Punishment

March 11–12, 1987 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 22, 1988 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines (no transcript)

October 11, 1988 New York, NY Organizational Guidelines

23
United States Sentencing Commission

United States Sentencing Commission Public Hearings

December 2, 1988 Pasadena, CA Organizational Guidelines

April 7, 1989 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

February 14, 1990 Washington, DC Organizational Guidelines

March 15, 1990 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

December 13, 1990 Washington, DC Organizational Guidelines

March 5, 1991 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

February 25, 1992 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 22, 1993 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

November 9, 1993 Washington, DC Cocaine and Sentencing Policy

March 24, 1994 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 14, 1995 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 11, 1996 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

August 12, 1996 Denver, CO Guideline Simplification

March 18, 1997 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

October 15, 1997 Washington, DC Definition of Loss

February 10, 1998 Washington, DC Telemarketing Fraud

March 5, 1998 San Francisco, CA Theft, Fraud, and Tax Crimes

March 12, 1998 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

June 17, 1998 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 23, 2000 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 19, 2001 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

June 19, 2001 Rapid City, SD Native American Issues

February 25–26, 2002 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 19, 2002 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

March 25, 2003 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

August 19, 2003 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

September 23, 2003 Washington, DC The PROTECT Act

24
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

United States Sentencing Commission Public Hearings

October 7, 2003 Washington, DC Organizational Sentencing Guidelines

November 4, 2003 Washington, DC Native American Issues

March 17, 2004 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

November 16–17, 2004 Washington, DC Blakely v. Washington

February 15–16, 2005 Washington, DC Booker/Fanfan

April 12, 2005 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

February 21, 2006 San Antonio, TX Immigration Issues

March 6, 2006 San Diego, CA Immigration Issues

March 15, 2006 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

November 14, 2006 Washington, DC Federal Cocaine Sentencing Policy

March 20, 2007 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

November 13, 2007 Washington, DC Retroactivity of Crack Cocaine and Criminal

History Amendments

March 13, 2008 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

February 10–11, 2009 Atlanta, GA Federal Sentencing Practice

March 17–18, 2009 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

May 27–28, 2009 Stanford, CA Federal Sentencing Practice

July 9–10, 2009 New York, NY Federal Sentencing Practice

September 9–10, 2009 Chicago, IL Federal Sentencing Practice

October 20–21, 2009 Denver, CO Federal Sentencing Practice

November 19–20, 2009 Austin, TX Federal Sentencing Practice

January 20–21, 2010 Phoenix, AZ Federal Sentencing Practice

March 17, 2010 Washington, DC Individual Guidelines

May 27, 2010 Washington, DC Statutory Mandatory Minimum Penalties

25
United States Sentencing Commission

Congressional Hearing Materials.

www.ussc.gov.

A collection of prepared statements, testimony, and materials regarding

Commission appearances at congressional hearings is available to the public via

the Commission’s website at www.ussc.gov.

26
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

Commission Data

The Sentencing Commission systematically collects and publishes data on the

sentencing process and conducts special studies on sentencing-related issues. 

Datasets described in this section contain data on federal criminal cases sentenced

under the guidelines. Each federal district court is required to forward to the

Commission documents on each case sentenced under the guidelines, including the

indictment or other charging document, the presentence report (PSR), the judgment

and commitment order (J&C), any written plea agreement, the written statement of

reasons for the sentence imposed, any resentencing or other modification of sentence,

and any revocation of probation or supervised release.

These documents are received into the Commission’s data collection system. 

Office of Research and Data (ORD) staff then review the documents to ensure

completeness and assign each case an unique identifier. ORD staff then analyze these

documents and enter numerous items of information about each case into the system. 

ORD staff use the data in this system to inform the ongoing work of the Commission,

to assist in the preparation of reports to Congress and to the public concerning the

work of the Commission or federal sentencing generally, and to prepare the many

statistical compilations described in this guide. Each year ORD staff also use this data

to respond to requests for additional statistical analysis from individual members of

Congress, the Congressional Budget Office, the Congressional Research Office, and

the courts.

Dataset entries are made on a per defendant/per sentencing basis (i.e., each case is

a consolidated sentencing of a single defendant). Multiple counts and multiple

indictments constitute a consolidated sentencing if the defendants were sentenced at

the same time and if a single PSR (and thus guideline range) is produced. Defendants

may appear in more than one case in the dataset if they are involved in more than one

consolidated sentencing. Multiple codefendants in the same consolidated sentencing

will each appear as a separate case in the dataset.

Expansion of the Commission’s data collection system has resulted in additional

data elements being made available each year. The earliest datasets primarily contain

matched data from the Federal Probation Sentencing and Supervision Information

System (FPSSIS) datafile of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts and sentence

information collected from J&C orders submitted by the courts. In 1990, basic

guideline application information was collected and included in subsequent datasets. 

In addition, the data collection system was expanded to compensate for the

elimination of the sentencing portion of the FPSSIS data collection system in August

1990. In 1991, data collection and files were upgraded to include in-depth guideline

application information as well as additional elements to supplement losses from the

FPSSIS system. In 1992, additional elements such as drug type were added to the

automated files. In 1996, drug amount and amount of loss were added. Other

variables have been added over time (e.g., since the Booker decision, information about

sentences outside the range not attributable to Booker.)

27
United States Sentencing Commission

Beginning with 1993 data, the Commission also made available organizational and 

appeals datasets.

Commission datasets are distributed online by the Inter-University Consortium for

Political and Social Research (ICPSR) at the University of Michigan. Pursuant to the

policy on public access to Commission documents and data (54 Fed. Reg. 51279

(12/13/89)), all case and defendant identifiers have been removed from the datasets.

Interview data from the evaluation implementation study will be made available for

on-site inspection only. The codebook provided with each dataset discusses in detail

other criteria that describe cases included in the data. Datasets are available via the

following Internet address:

http://www.ICPSR.umich.edu/NACJD/archive.html.

For more information, contact University of Michigan Institute for Social

Research (ICPSR), P.O. Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248. Online, you may email

questions about data to nacjd@icpsr.umich.edu. For assistance via the telephone, use

the toll-free help line: (800) 999-0960.

Commission data that have been incorporated into the datasets of the Federal

Justice Statistics Resource Center, which is sponsored by the Bureau of Justice

Statistics and developed by the Urban Institute, are available at

http://fjsrc.urban.org/index.cfm.

United States Sentencing Commission Datasets

File Name Year Cases Start Date End Date (Inclusive)

USSC.88 1988 6,223 November 1, 1987 December 31, 1988

USSC.89-H N/A 9,360 January 1, 1989 June 30, 1989

USSC.89 1989 22,676 January 19, 1989 December 31, 1989

USSC.FY90 FY1990 29,011 October 1, 1989 September 30, 1990

USSC.FY91 FY1991 33,419 October 1, 1990 September 30, 1991

USSC.FY92 FY1992 38,258 October 1, 1991 September 30, 1992

USSC.FY93 FY1993 42,107 October 1, 1992 September 30, 1993

USSC.FY94 FY1994 39,971 October 1, 1993 September 30, 1994

USSC.FY95 FY1995 38,500 October 1, 1994 September 30, 1995

USSC.FY96 FY1996 42,439 October 1, 1995 September 30, 1996

USSC.FY97 FY1997 48,848 October 1, 1996 September 30, 1997

USSC.FY98 FY1998 50,754 October 1, 1997 September 30, 1998

USSC.FY99 FY1999 55,557 October 1, 1998 September 30, 1999

28
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

United States Sentencing Commission Datasets

File Name Year Cases Start Date End Date (Inclusive)

USSC.FY00 FY2000 59,846 October 1, 1999 September 30, 2000

USSC.FY01 FY2001 59,897 October 1, 2000 September 30, 2001

USSC.FY02 FY2002 64,366 October 1, 2001 September 30, 2002

USSC.FY03 FY2003 70,258 October 1, 2002 September 30, 2003

USSC.FY04 FY2004 70,068 October 1, 2003 September 30, 2004

USSC.FY05 FY2005 72,462 October 1, 2004 September 30, 2005

USSC.FY06 FY2006 72,585 October 1, 2005 September 30, 2006

USSC.FY07 FY2007 72,865 October 1, 2006 September 30, 2007

USSC.FY08 FY2008 76,478 October 1, 2007 September 30, 2008

USSC.FY09 FY2009 81,372 October 1, 2008 September 30, 2009

United States Sentencing Commission – Organizational Defendant Datasets

File Name Year Cases

Sentenced

Under

Chapter

Eight

Cases

Sentenced

Under

§2R1.1

Start Date End Date (Inclusive)

USSC.ORGSAN93 N/A 50 50 November 1, 1991*

November 1, 1997**

September 30, 1993

September 30, 1993

USSC.ORGSAN94 FY1994 86 18 October 1, 1993 September 30, 1994

USSC.ORGSAN95 FY1995 111 4 October 1, 1994 September 30, 1995

USSC.ORGSAN96 FY1996 148 7 October 1, 1995 September 30, 1996 

USSC.ORGSAN97 FY1997 220 Unknown October 1, 1996 September 30, 1997

USSC.ORGSAN98 FY1998 218 Unknown October 1, 1997 September 30, 1998

USSC.ORGSAN99 FY1999 255 October 1, 1998 September 30, 1999

USSC.ORGSAN00 FY2000 296 October 1, 1999 September 30, 2000

USSC.ORGSAN01 FY2001 238 October 1, 2000 September 30, 2001

USSC.ORGSAN02 FY2002 252 October 1, 2001 September 30, 2002

USSC.ORGSAN03 FY2003 200 October 1, 2002 September 30, 2003

29
United States Sentencing Commission

United States Sentencing Commission – Organizational Defendant Datasets

File Name Year Cases

Sentenced

Under

Chapter

Eight

Cases

Sentenced

Under

§2R1.1

Start Date End Date (Inclusive)

USSC.ORGSAN04 FY2004 130 October 1, 2003 September 30, 2004

USSC.ORGSAN05 FY2005 187 October 1, 2004 September 30, 2005

USSC.ORGSAN06 FY2006 217 October 1, 2005 September 30, 2006

USSC.ORGSAN07 FY2007 196 October 1, 2006 September 30, 2007

USSC.ORGSAN08 FY2008 198 October 1, 2007 September 30, 2008

USSC.ORGSAN09 FY2009 177 October 1, 2008 September 30, 2009

*

 Cases sentenced under Chapter Eight guidelines

** Cases sentenced under the fine provisions of §2R1.1

United States Sentencing Commission – Appeals Datasets

File Name Year Cases Start Date End Date (Inclusive)

USSC.APPEAL93 N/A 6,078 March 9, 1990 September 30, 1993

USSC.APPEAL94 FY1994 6,745 October 1, 1993 September 30, 1994

USSC.APPEAL95 FY1995 6,863 October 1, 1994 September 30, 1995

USSC.APPEAL96 FY1996 6,710 October 1, 1995 September 30, 1996

USSC.APPEAL97 FY1997 6,496 October 1, 1996 September 30, 1997

USSC.APPEAL98 FY1998 6,387 October 1, 1997 September 30, 1998

USSC.APPEAL99 FY1999 7,103 October 1, 1998 September 30, 1999

USSC.APPEAL00 FY2000 6,078 October 1, 1999 September 30, 2000

USSC.APPEAL01 FY2001 6,280 October 1, 2000 September 30, 2001

USSC.APPEAL02 FY2002 6,834 October 1, 2001 September 30, 2002

USSC.APPEAL03 FY2003 6,564 October 1, 2002 September 30, 2003

USSC.APPEAL04 FY2004 7,213 October 1, 2003 September 30, 2004

USSC.APPEAL05 FY2005 7,813 October 1, 2004 September 30, 2005

USSC.APPEAL06 FY2006 10,052 October 1, 2005 September 30, 2006

30
Guide to Publications & Resources # 2010–2011

United States Sentencing Commission – Appeals Datasets

File Name Year Cases Start Date End Date (Inclusive)

USSC.APPEAL07 FY2007 8,530 October 1, 2006 September 30, 2007

USSC.APPEAL08 FY2008 8,688 October 1, 2007 September 30, 2008

USSC.APPEAL09 FY2009 8,774 October 1, 2008 September 30, 2009

Historical Datasets

Augmented FPSSIS Fiscal Year 1985 Convictions Dataset (July 1991). 

ICPSR.

The sentencing and related data in this collection were gathered from a stratified

random sample of defendants convicted in U.S. district courts during fiscal year

1985.

Special Study Datasets

Organizations Sentenced in Federal Courts, 1988, and Organizations Sentenced in

Federal Courts, 1989–90. 

ICPSR.

Mandatory Minimum Study Sample Dataset, 1989–90.

ICPSR.

Pursuant to a congressional directive, the Sentencing Commission completed a

study of federal mandatory minimum statutes. As part of this endeavor, a sample

of the Commission’s fiscal 1990 data release was augmented by a special coding

project.

1991 Evaluation Study.

The datasets identified below were used to prepare The Federal Sentencing

Guidelines: A Report on the Operation of the Guidelines System and Short-Term

Impacts on Disparity in Sentencing, Use of Incarceration, and Prosecutorial

Discretion and Plea Bargaining, submitted to Congress and the GAO in December

1991: 

1991 Evaluation Study: National Survey Data. 

ICPSR.

The data in this collection are from a national survey of judges and court

practitioners developed in response to issues raised during site visits for the

implementation study.

31
United States Sentencing Commission

This national mail survey sample consisted of all federal district judges,

public defenders, a random sample of assistant U.S. attorneys engaged in

criminal work, federal panel attorneys, and federal probation officers

preparing presentence reports or conducting the investigation for those

reports.

1991 Evaluation Study: Disparity Data. 

ICPSR.

This study employed four disparity datasets, representing one of four major

offense types (bank robbery, cocaine distribution, heroin distribution, and

bank embezzlement) representing offenders sentenced in 1985. Data was

collated from the Commission, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and the U.S.

Parole Commission. The datasets contain information on preguideline

defendants sentenced during fiscal year 1985 (October 1, 1984–September 30,

1985) and were compiled to assist the Commission in developing the initial

guidelines.

1991 Evaluation Study: Time Series Data. 

ICPSR.

The data in this collection represent two separate studies designed to assess

the impact of the sentencing guidelines. The first is a use of incarceration

study, which includes data on the incarcerative and non-incarcerative

sentences imposed and the average length of expected time to be served in

incarceration for all offenses as well as for select groups of offenses. The

second is a prosecutorial discretion and plea bargaining study, which

includes data on the numbers of matters initiated, cases filed, and cases

disposed of by guilty plea and trial. Both studies reflect monthly time series

before and after the implementation of the guidelines in November 1987. 

1991 Evaluation Study: Implementation Study Interviews.

SC-Inspect.

This is a hard copy of implementation study interviews with judges,

probation officers, assistant U.S. attorneys, federal defenders, private

counsel, and federal court clerks.

32
Index by Publication Title

A

Acceptance of Responsibility Working Group Report ................................ 12

Adequacy of Federal Sentencing Guideline Penalties for Computer Fraud

and Vandalism Offenses: Report to the Congress ............................. 10

Adequacy of Penalties for Fraud Offenses Involving Elderly Victims:

Report to the Congress .................................................. 10

Adequacy of Penalties for the Intentional Exposure of Others, through

Sexual Activity, to HIV: Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Aliens Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Alternative Sentencing in the Federal Criminal Justice System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Amendment Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Amendments to the Federal Sentencing Guidelines in Response to

the Emergency Disaster Assistance Fraud Penalty Act of 2007:

Report to Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Analysis of the Impact of the Crack Cocaine Amendment if Made Retroactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Analysis of the Impact of the Influencing a Minor Amendment if

Made Retroactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Analysis of Penalties for Federal Rape Cases: Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Analysis of Sentencing-Related Provisions of S. 2305 and H.R. 3371

Conference Report Crime Bills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Analysis of the Sentencing-Related Provisions of the Senate Committee

Print of the Immigration Reform Act of 1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Analysis of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of

1994 (H.R.3355) ............................................................... 9

Annual Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

B

Bank Robbery Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae

in Support of Petitioner, United States of America in U.S. v. Booker and

U.S. v. Fanfan .............................................................. 20

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae

in Support of Respondent, United States of America in Claiborne v.

United States and Rita v. United States ..................................... 20

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae

in Support of Respondent, United States of America in Dillon v. United States ...... 20

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae

In United States v. Bell .................................................. 19

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae

In United States v. Lopez ................................................. 19

Brief for the United States Sentencing Commission as amicus curiae

In Mistretta V. United States .............................................. 19

A-1
C

Career Offender Guidelines Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Category 0/VII Working Group Report ............................................ 12

Cellular Telephone Cloning Final Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Changing Face of Federal Criminal Sentencing: Seventeen Years of 

Growth in the Federal Sentencing Caseload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Chapter Three Adjustments: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Child Pornography, Obscenity Offenses, and Hate Crimes: Working Group Report . . . . . . . . 15

Child Sex Offense Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy (1995): Special Report to the Congress ............. 9

Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy (1997): Special Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy (2002): Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Cocaine and Federal Sentencing Policy (2007): Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Comparison of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines Criminal History Category

and the U.S. Parole Commission Salient Factor Score Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Computation of “Recency” Criminal History Points Under §4A1.1(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Computer Fraud Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Criminal History: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Criminal History Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Criminal History Working Group Report: Category 0, Category VII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Criminal Livelihood Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

D

Demographic Differences in Federal Sentencing Practices: An Update of the

Booker Report’s Multivariate Regression Analysis ............................. 14

Departures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Departures and Offender Characteristics: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Discussion Materials on Organizational Sanctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Dissenting View of Paul H. Robinson on the Promulgation of Sentencing

Guidelines by the United States Sentencing Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Downward Departures from the Federal Sentencing Guidelines: Report to Congress . . . . . . . 11

Drug Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Drug Working Group Report – Listed Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Drugs, Firearms, and Violent Offenses Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Drugs/Role/Harmonization Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

F

Federal Court Practices: Sentence Reductions Based on Defendants’ 

Substantial Assistance to the Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Federal Offender: A Program of Intermediate Punishments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Federal Offenders Sentenced to Supervised Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Federal Sentencing Data and Analysis Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Federal Sentencing Guidelines: A Report on the Operation of the Guidelines

System and Short-Term Impacts on Disparity in Sentencing, Use of 

Incarceration, and Prosecutorial Discretion and Plea Bargaining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Federal Sentencing Statistics by District and Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Field Test of Proposed Revisions to the Definition of Loss in the

Theft and Fraud Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

A-2
Fifteen Years of Guidelines Sentencing: An Assessment of How Well the 

Federal Criminal Justice System is Achieving the Goals of Sentencing Reform . . . . . . 14

Final Report of the Native American Advisory Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Final Report of Impact of United States v. Booker on Federal Sentencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Firearms and Explosive Materials Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Firearms: Selected Federal Statutes and Guideline Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Fiscal Year 2008 Post-Kimbrough/Gall Data Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Food and Drug Working Group Preliminary Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Food and Drug Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

G

Grouping of Money Laundering and Fraud Counts of Conviction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Guideline Application Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

GuideLines: News from the U.S. Sentencing Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Guideline Sentencing: Determining “Loss” in §§2B1.1 (Theft) and 2F1.1 (Fraud) . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Guidelines Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

H

History of the Child Pornography Guidelines, Report on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

I

Identity Theft Final Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Impact of Prior Minor Offenses on Eligibility for Safety Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Increased Penalties for Campaign Finance Offenses and Legislative Recommendations . . . . 11

Increased Penalties for Cyber Security Offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Increased Penalties Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Initial Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements: Supplementary Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Intellectual Property Policy Team Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Interim Staff Report on Immigration and the Federal Sentencing Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Introduction to the Collection of Individual Offender Data by the

United States Sentencing Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

J

Just Punishment: Public Perceptions and the Federal Sentencing Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Juvenile Offenders Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

L

Level of Detail in Chapter Two: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Loss Definition Field Testing Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Loss Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Loss Issues Working Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

A-3
M

Mandatory Minimum Penalties in the Federal Criminal Justice System:

Special Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Manslaughter Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Maximum Utilization of Prison Resources: Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

MDMA Drug Offenses: Explanation of Recent Guideline

Amendments (Report to Congress) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Measuring Recidivism: The Criminal History Computation of the Federal

Sentencing Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Memorandum of Law by the United States Sentencing Commission as

amicus curiae in United States v. McLellan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Methamphetamine Final Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Money Laundering Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Multiple Counts: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

N

National Sample Survey: Public Opinion on Sentencing Federal Crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

No Electronic Theft Act Policy Development Team Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons Policy Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

O

Overview of Loss in USSG 2B1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Overview of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Overview of the Organizational Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Overview of the United States Sentencing Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Overview of Federal Criminal Cases, Fiscal Year 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Overview of Federal Criminal Cases, Fiscal Year 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

P

Plea Negotiations Under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines: An Empirical

Examination of the Post-Mistretta Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Post-Booker/Quarterly Sentencing Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Preliminary Crack Cocaine Retroactivity Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Preliminary Observations of the Commission on Commissioner Robinson’s Dissent . . . . . . . . 21

Preliminary Report to the Commission: Staff Working Group on Alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Probation and Supervised Release: Revocation and Other Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Probation and Supervised Release Violations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Proceedings from the Symposium on Alternatives to Incarceration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Proceedings of the Inaugural Symposium on Crime and Punishment 

In the United States: Drugs & Violence in America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Crime and Punishment

In the United States: Corporate Crime in America: Strengthening

The “Good Citizen” Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Crime and Punishment

In the United States: Federal Sentencing Policy for Economic

Crimes and New Technology Offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Public Corruption Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

A-4
R

Recidivism and the “First Offender” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Relevant Conduct: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Report from Advisory Group on Environmental Sanctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Report of the Ad Hoc Advisory Group on the Organizational Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Report of the Drugs/Role/Harmonization Working Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Report on Federal Escape Offenses in Fiscal Years 2006 and 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Report to the Judicial Conference (March 1999) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Report to the Judicial Conference (September 1999) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Revocation Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Role in the Offense Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Results of Survey of United States District Judges: January 2010 through

March 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

S

Selected Guidelines Application Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Selected Reprints, Vol. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Selected Reprints, Vol. II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Sentences Imposed Under the Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Sentencing Federal Sexual Offenders: Protection of Children from Sexual Predators

Act of 1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Sentencing for the Possession or Use of Firearms During a Crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations: Supplementary Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Sentencing Options Under the Guidelines: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Sentencing Policy for Money Laundering Offenses, Including Comments on

Department of Justice Report: Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Sentencing Reform Act: Staff Discussion Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Sex Offenses Against Children: Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Sourcebook of Federal Sentencing Statistics ............................................ 8

Staff Analysis of the Effect of the United States Supreme Court Decision

in Lopez v. Gonzalez . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Statutory Penalties Project Description and Compilations of Federal Criminal

Offenses – Preliminary Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Statutory Penalty Review: Supplementary Report to the Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Steroids Policy Team Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Substantial Assistance: An Empirical Yardstick Gauging Equity in Current

Federal Policy and Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Survey of Article III Judges (Summary Report) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Survey of Article III Judges on the Federal Sentencing Guidelines (Final Report) . . . . . . . . . . 14

Survey Results/Preliminary Findings on Blakely Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

T

Telemarketing Fraud Offenses — Explanation of Recent Guideline Amendments . . . . . . . . . . 10

Telemarketing Fraud Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

A-5
U

Update on the Activities of the United States Sentencing Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

V

Violent Crimes/Firearms/Gangs Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

W

White Collar Crime Working Group Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Y

Year in Review: 1997-1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

A-6
Index by Subject

A

acceptance of responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

administration of justice offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

adjustments to guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

alternatives to incarceration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 13, 18, 20

amendments to sentencing guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 11

annual reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

audio resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 22

B

bank robbery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

biological weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Blakely ..................................................................... 14

Booker ................................................................ 8, 14, 20

C

campaign finance offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

career offender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

chapter two offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

chemical weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

child pornography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 15

child sex offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 15, 19

Claiborne v. United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

cocaine sentencing policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 9, 10, 11, 19

computer fraud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 16

copyright infringement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

corporate crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 11, 13, 20, 29, 30, 31

crack cocaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 9, 10, 11, 19

crime bill analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 10

criminal history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 18, 19

criminal livelihood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

cyber security offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

D

data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

data analysis/annual report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

data analysis/application frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

data analysis/post-Kimbrough/Gall ..................................................... 8

data analysis/quarterly report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

data analysis/sourcebook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

data collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

departures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 12, 13

B-1
Dillon v. United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

disparity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

drug crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 20

E

economic crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

electronic theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

environmental sanctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

escape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

evaluation studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 14, 31, 32

explosive materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

F

Fanfan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

fifteen year study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

firearms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

first-time offender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 19

food and drug offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

fraud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 11, 13, 16, 17

fraud, computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 16

fraud, disaster assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

fraud, elderly victims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

fraud loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 17

fraud, telemarketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 17

G

Gall ................................................................................ 8

gangs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

guideline amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 11

guidelines application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 21

guidelines manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

H

hate crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

HelpLine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

HIV penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

I

identity theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

immigration offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 17

intellectual property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Internet site (www.ussc.gov) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 3

J

judges survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

B-2
just punishment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

juvenile offenders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

K

Kimbrough .......................................................................... 8

L

legal briefs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 20

library resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

loss issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 17

Lopez v. Gonzalez . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 19

M

mandatory minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 31

manslaughter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

MDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

methamphetamine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Mistretta v. U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

money laundering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 13, 17

multiple counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

N

Native American issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

newsletters (GuideLines) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

nuclear weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

O

obscenity offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

offender characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 13, 18, 19

offense seriousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

offense types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

organizational defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 11, 14, 20, 29, 30, 31

P

plea negotiations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 13

pornography/prostitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

powder cocaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 10, 11

prior minor offenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

prisons/population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

probation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

public corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

public hearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

public opinion on sentencing policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

B-3
R

rape, penalties for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

recidivism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

relevant conduct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

retroactivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

revocation, probation and supervised release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Rita v. United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

role in the offense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

rulemaking resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 23

S

safety valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Sarbanes-Oxley Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

sentences imposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Sentencing Reform Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

sex crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 15

sexual abuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 15

statistics, sourcebook of federal sentencing ............................................. 8

statutory penalties project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

steroids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

substantial assistance to government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

supervised release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 14

surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 31, 32

symposium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

T

telephone cloning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

U

U.S. v. Bell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

U.S. v. Booker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

U.S. v. Fanfan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

U.S. v. Lopez . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

U.S. v. McLellan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

V

vandalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

video resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

violence, crimes of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 15, 16, 20

W

white collar crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

B-4
Lisa Rich, Michael Courlander

Editors

Jeanne Doherty

Design Coordination