Antelope Valley 

Air Quality Management District 

Final 

Staff Report 

Amendment of 

Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts 

and 

Rescission of Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric and Film 

Coating Operations

Adopted on 

November 19, 2013 

43301 DIVISION ST., SUITE 206,

LANCASTER, CALIFORNIA 93535-4649 

PHONE (661) 723-8070 

FAX (661) 723-3450 
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AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 TC-1

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

STAFF REPORT 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Amendment of Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts

and 

Rescission of Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations

I. PURPOSE OF STAFF REPORT ........................................................................................... 1

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 1

III. STAFF RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................ 3

IV. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST .......................................................................... 4

V. DISCUSSION OF LEGAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................... 5

A. REQUIRED ELEMENTS/FINDINGS .......................................................................... 5

1. State Findings Required for Adoption of Rules & Regulations ...................... 5

a. Necessity .............................................................................................. 5

b. Authority .............................................................................................. 5

c. Clarity .................................................................................................. 5

d. Consistency .......................................................................................... 5

e. Non-duplication ................................................................................... 6

f. Reference .............................................................................................. 6

g. Public Notice & Comment, Public Hearing ........................................ 7

2. Federal Elements (SIP Submittals, Other Federal Submittals) ........................ 7

a. Satisfaction of Underlying Federal Requirements ............................... 7

b. Public Notice and Comment ................................................................ 7

c. Availability of Document .................................................................... 8

d. Notice to Specified Entities ................................................................. 8

e. Public Hearing ...................................................................................... 8

f. Legal Authority to Adopt and Implement ............................................ 8

g. Applicable State Laws and Regulations Were Followed .................... 8

B. WRITTEN ANALYSIS OF EXISTING REQUIREMENTS ........................................ 8

C. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ............................................................................................ 10

1. General ........................................................................................................... 10

2. Cost Effectiveness ........................................................................................ 10

D. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS (CEQA) ................................................................ 10

E. SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ............................................... 11

1. Potential Environmental Impacts ................................................................... 11

2. Mitigation of Impacts .................................................................................... 11
TC-2 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

3. Alternative Methods of Compliance .............................................................. 11

F. PUBLIC REVIEW ........................................................................................................ 12

VI. TECHNICAL DISCUSSION ............................................................................................. 12

A. SOURCE DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 12

B. EMISSIONS ................................................................................................................. 14

C. CONTROL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................... 14

D. PROPOSED RULE SUMMARY ................................................................................ 14

E. 110(l) ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................ 15

F. SIP HISTORY ............................................................................................................... 18

1. SIP History..................................................................................................... 18

2. SIP Analysis................................................................................................... 19

Appendix A – Rule 1130 and Rule 1128 Iterated Version ......................................................... A-1

Appendix B - Public Notice Documents ..................................................................................... B-1

Appendix C - Public Comments and Responses ......................................................................... C-1

Appendix D - California Environmental Quality Act Documentation ....................................... D-1

Appendix E - Bibliography .......................................................................................................... E-1
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 1

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

STAFF REPORT 

Amendment of Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts

and 

Rescission of Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations

I. PURPOSE OF STAFF REPORT 

A staff report serves several discrete purposes. Its primary purpose is to provide a summary and 

background material to the members of the Governing Board. This allows the members of the 

Governing Board to be fully informed before making any required decision. It also provides the 

documentation necessary for the Governing Board to make any findings, which are required by law to 

be made prior to the approval or adoption of a document. In addition, a staff report ensures that the

correct procedures and proper documentation for approval or adoption of a document have been 

performed. Finally, the staff report provides evidence for defense against legal challenges regarding

the propriety of the approval or adoption of the document. 

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

On July 1, 1997 the Antelope Valley Air Pollution Control District (AVAPCD) was created pursuant 

to statute (former Health & Safety (H&S) Code §40106, A.B. 266-Knight Ch. 542, statutes of 1996) 

and assumed all air pollution control responsibilities from the South Coast Air Quality Management 

District (SCAQMD) for the area of Los Angeles County outside the South Coast Air Basin (SCAB). 

The SCAQMD rules in effect within the jurisdiction of the AVAPCD remained in effect until the 

AVAPCD Governing Board superseded, amended or rescinded them. On January 1, 2002 the 

AVAQMD was created pursuant to statute (H&S Code §41300 et seq.) to replace the AVAPCD. Once 

again the rules in effect at the time of the change remained in effect until the AVAQMD Governing 

Board superseded, amended or rescinded them. The SCAQMD last amended both Rule 1128 and Rule 

1130 on March 8, 1996 and these are the current versions in the AVAQMD rulebook. 

The AVAQMD has the authority pursuant to H&S Code §40702 to adopt, amend or repeal rules and 

regulations. The AVAQMD is proposing to amend Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts and to rescind Rule 

1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations. The provisions of Rule 1128 have been 

incorporated into the amended version of Rule 1130, as the basis for the rules are similar and many 

redundancies exist. 

Former H&S Code §39614(d) (expired by its terms January 1, 2011) required the AVAQMD to adopt 

the most readily available, feasible and cost-effective local control measures for Particulate Matter 

(PM) as contained on a list developed by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). Since the 

AVAQMD committed to adopt such reasonable measures pursuant to H&S Code §39614(d)1

 and is 

also required to do so to satisfy federal RACM requirements the AVAQMD evaluated the availability, 

feasibility and cost effectiveness of the applicable CARB coating operations (graphic arts) control 

 

1

 AVAQMD List and Implementation Schedule for District Measures to Reduce PM Pursuant to 

Health & Safety Code §39614(d), Adopted August 16, 2005. 
2 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

measures2

 to satisfy both requirements. This analysis is included in section (V)(C)(2) of this staff 

report. CARB has identified on its list of local control measures the “Coating Operations: Paper, 

Fabric, and Film Coating Operations” (referenced #76) strategy of specifying VOC content of 

applicable coatings, drying and curing processes, application methods and cleaning requirements. This

measure has been identified as being currently implemented in the March 8, 1996 version of Rule 

1128; therefore, no additional analysis is necessary. CARB has also identified on its list of local 

control measures the “Coating Operations: Graphic Arts” (referenced #70) strategy of limiting VOC 

content of products to between 150-300 g/L or by installing a control device. The AVAQMD 

committed to further evaluate this measure. The proposed amendments to Rule 1130 and the 

rescission of Rule 1128 address the PM Analysis. 

Additionally, the Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) requires areas designated non-attainment and 

classified moderate and above to implement Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) for 

sources subject to Control Technology Guidelines (CTG) documents issued by United States 

Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for “major sources” of VOCs and oxides of nitrogen 

(NOX) which are ozone precursors. The AVAQMD adopted the 8-Hour Reasonably Available Control 

Technology – State Implementation Analysis (RACT SIP Analysis) in August 2006. In this document 

the AVAQMD identified that this rule had been deemed RACT and proposed no further action was 

required as a result of the RACT SIP Analysis. In RACT SIP correspondence from USEPA September 

11, 2006, it was noted that “on August 4, 2006, EPA proposed four new CTGs covering lithographic 

printing materials, letterpress printing materials, flexible packaging materials, flat wood paneling 

coatings, and industrial cleaning solvents. While the current RACT SIP analysis does not need to 

address these new CTGs, the notice points out that States (and local air districts) should submit their 

SIP revisions within one year of the date the CTGs are finalized.” In September, 2006, USEPA 

finalized the new CTGs covering lithographic printing materials, letterpress printing materials, flexible 

packaging printing materials and industrial cleaning solvents. 

USEPA has designated San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) Rule 4607 – 

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil, and Fabric Operations (12/18/08, SIP Approved 74 FR 52894 on 

10/15/2009), Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District (SMAQMD) Rule 450 

Graphic Arts Operations (10/23/08, SIP Approved 75 FR 18068 on 04/09/2010), and Mojave Desert 

Air Quality Management District Rule 1117 – Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric 

Coatings (09/28/2009, SIP approved 77 FR 12495, 03/01/2012) as RACT rules. SJVAPCD Rule 4607 

was used as a basis for the amendments to Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts. 

The proposed amendments to Rule 1130 address both Former H&S Code §39614(d) and federal RACT 

requirements. The proposed amendments expand the applicability of the rule; updates definitions; 

updates VOC content limits for different graphic arts product categories; updates VOC emission 

control system limits; updates solvent cleaning operation limits; and, updates exemptions, 

recordkeeping and test methods. The provisions of Rule 1128 have been incorporated into the 

 

2

 Namely measures #70 and #76 from the CARB Staff Report “Proposed List of Measures to Reduce 

Particulate Matter – PM10 and PM2.5 (Implementation of Senate Bill 656, Sher 2003), Approved 

November 18, 2004. This document and attendant staff report may be found 

at: http://www.arb.ca.gov/pm/pmmeasures/pmmeasures.htm . 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 3

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

amended version of Rule 1130, as the basis for the rules are similar and many redundancies exist. Rule 

1128 is proposed for rescission. 

III. STAFF RECOMMENDATION 

Staff recommends that the Governing Board of the AVAQMD adopt, after conducting a public 

hearing, a resolution approving the amendment of Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts and the rescission of Rule 

1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations. 

The Governing Board of the AVAQMDt amended Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts and rescinded of Rule 

1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations on November 19, 2013. 
4 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

IV. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST 

The findings and analysis as indicated below are required for the procedurally correct amendment of 

Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts and rescission of Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations. 

Each item is discussed, if applicable, in Section V below. Copies of documents are included in the 

appropriate Appendix. 

FINDINGS REQUIRED FOR 

RULES & REGULATIONS 

 X Necessity 

 X Authority 

 X Clarity 

 X Consistency 

 X Non-duplication 

 X Reference 

 X Public Notice & Comment 

 X Public Hearing 

REQUIREMENTS FOR STATE 

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 

SUBMISSION (SIP): 

 X Public Notice & Comment 

 X Availability of Document 

 X Notice to Specified Entities (State, 

Air Districts, USEPA, Other States) 

 X Public Hearing 

 X Legal Authority to adopt and 

implement the document. 

 X Applicable State laws and 

regulations were followed. 

ELEMENTS OF A FEDERAL 

SUBMISSION 

 X Elements as set forth in applicable 

Federal law or regulations. 

CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL 

QUALITY ACT REQUIREMENTS 

(CEQA): 

N/A Ministerial Action 

 X Exemption 

N/A Negative Declaration 

N/A Environmental Impact Report 

 X Appropriate findings, if necessary. 

 X Public Notice & Comment 

SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL 

ANALYSIS (RULES & REGULATIONS 

ONLY): 

 X Environmental impacts of 

compliance. 

 X Mitigation of impacts. 

 X Alternative methods of compliance. 

OTHER: 

 X Written analysis of existing air 

pollution control requirements 

 X Economic Analysis 

 X Public Review 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 5

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

V. DISCUSSION OF LEGAL REQUIREMENTS 

A. REQUIRED ELEMENTS/FINDINGS 

This section discusses the State of California statutory requirements that apply to the 

amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128. These are actions, that need to be 

performed, and/or information, that must be provided in order to rescind a rule and amend a 

rule in a procedurally correct manner. 

1. State Findings Required for Adoption of Rules & Regulations: 

Before adopting, amending, or repealing a rule or regulation, the Governing Board of 

the AVAQMD is required to make findings of necessity, authority, clarity, consistency, 

non-duplication, and reference based upon relevant information presented at the 

hearing. The information below is provided to assist the Board in making these 

findings. 

a. Necessity: 

The amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128 are necessary to 

satisfy the provisions of former H&S Code §39614(d) which required the 

adoption of readily available, feasible and cost-effective control measures for 

PM as well as to satisfy 42 U.S.C. §§7511a (Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) 

§182) which requires that ozone nonattainment areas implement RACT for 

sources that are subject to CTGs for major sources of ozone. This rule 

amendment incorporates the provisions of Rule 1128 into the amended version 

of Rule 1130, as the basis for the rules are similar and many redundancies exist. 

Rule 1128 was rescinded.

b. Authority: 

AVAQMD has the authority pursuant to H&S Code §40702 to adopt, amend or 

repeal rules and regulations. 

c. Clarity: 

The amendment of Rule 1130 and rescission of Rule 1128 are clear in that they 

are written so that the persons subject to the rules can easily understand the 

meaning. 

d. Consistency: 

The amendment of Rule 1130 and rescission of Rule 1128 are in harmony with, 

and not in conflict with or contradictory to, any state law or regulation, federal 

law or regulation, or court decisions. 
6 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

USEPA has issued five CTGs which have an impact on Rule 1128 and 1130: 

CTG for Flexible Package Printing (EPA 453/R-06-003, 2006/09); CTG for 

Offset Lithographic Printing and Letterpress Printing (EPA 453/R-06-02, 

2006/09); CTG for Paper, Film, and Foil Coatings (EPA 453/R-07-003, 

2007/09); CTG for Control of VOCs from Existing Stationary Sources – 

Volume II; Surface Coating of Cans, Coils, Paper, Fabrics, Automobiles and 

Light-Duty Trucks (EPA 450/2-77-008, 1977/05); and, CTG for Control of 

VOCs from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume III: Graphic ArtsRotogravure and Flexography (EPA 450/2-78-033, 1978/12). The CTGs 

establish requirements and emission limits for VOCs but do not directly 

implement them. Most of these emission limits have been previously included 

in Rule 1128 and 1130 and the few which were not originally included are being 

added by the proposed amendments, therefore the amendments are not in 

conflict or inconsistent with the CTGs. 

There are two Federal New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) that apply to 

Rule 1128 and 1130: 40 CFR 60 Subpart QQ (Standards of Performance for the 

Graphic Arts Industry: Publication Rotogravure Printing; and 40 CFR 60 

Subpart RR (Standards of Performance for Pressure Sensitive Tape and Label 

Surface Coating Operations. The amendments are not in conflict with either 

NSPS. 

There are three Maximum Achievable Performance Standards (MACTs) that 

apply to graphic arts; Subpart KK (National Emission Standards for the Printing 

and Publishing Industry); Subpart OOOO (Fabric Printing, Coating and 

Dyeing); and, Subpart JJJJ (National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air 

Pollutants: Paper and other Web Coating). The amendments are not in conflict 

with the MACT standards. 

e. Non-duplication: 

The amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128 does not impose 

the same requirements as an existing state or federal law or regulation because 

the District is adopting this rule in response to former H&S Code §39614(d) and 

federal VOC RACT requirements. 

f. Reference: 

AVAQMD has the authority pursuant to H&S Code §40702 to adopt, amend or 

repeal rules and regulations. The District was required to adopt readily available, 

feasible and cost-effective control measures for particulate matter from a list of 

potential local control measures promulgated by CARB pursuant to former H&S 

Code §39614(d), and to implement RACT for sources subject to CTG 

documents issued by USEPA for “major sources” of VOCs and NOX which are 

ozone precursors. 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 7

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

g. Public Notice & Comment, Public Hearing: 

Notice for the public hearing for the proposed amendment of Rule 1130 and the 

rescission of Rule 1128 were published 08/16/2013 for the 09/17/2013 Governing 

Board meeting. This action was continued to the 10/15/2013 and then the 

11/19/2013 Governing Board meeting to address USEPA comments and allow for 

further industry review and comment. See Appendix “B” for a copy of the public 

notice. See Appendix C for copies of comments, if any, and AVAQMD responses. 

2. Federal Elements (SIP Submittals, Other Federal Submittals). 

Submittals to USEPA are required to include various elements depending upon the type 

of document submitted and the underlying Federal law which requires the submittal. 

The information below indicates which elements are required for the proposed 

amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128 and how they were satisfied. 

a. Satisfaction of Underlying Federal Requirements: 

The FCAA requires areas designated non-attainment and classified 

moderate and above to implement RACT for sources subject to CTG 

documents issued by EPA for “major sources” of VOCs and NOX that 

are ozone precursors. The AVAQMD has Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric 

and Film Coating Operations, a RACT rule which was approved into the 

SIP in 1992 (58 FR 66286), but this rule does not cover all possible 

surface coating CTG source categories such as foil. The AVAQMD also 

has Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts, a RACT rule which was approved into the 

SIP in 1995 (60 FR 55312), but this rule does not cover recommended 

work practices covered in the CTGs. A RACT rule is technically 

required for all portions of this CTG source category. In a recent review 

of a similar rule, USEPA directed the Mojave Desert Air Quality 

Management District (MDAQMD) to evaluate San Joaquin Valley Air 

Pollution Control District (SJVAPCD) Rule 4607 – Graphic Arts and 

Paper, Film, Foil, and Fabric Operations (12/18/08), Bay Area Air 

Quality Management District (BAAQMD) Rule 8-20 – Graphic Arts 

Printing and Coating Operations (11/19/08), and Sacramento 

Metropolitan Air Quality Management District (SMAQMD) Rule 450 

Graphic Arts Operations (10/23/08) as RACT rules, and the AVAQMD 

evaluated the same rules for this rule amendment. SJVAPCD Rule 4607 

was used as a basis for the amendments to Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts and 

Paper, Film, Foil, and Fabric Operations.

b. Public Notice and Comment: 

Notice for the public hearing for the proposed amendment of Rule 1130 and the 

rescission of Rule 1128 were published 08/16/2013 for the 09/17/2013 Governing 

Board meeting. This action was continued to the 10/15/2013 and then the 
8 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

11/19/2013 Governing Board meeting to address USEPA comments and allow for 

further industry review and comment. See Appendix “B” for a copy of the public 

notice. 

c. Availability of Document: 

Copies of the proposed amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128 

and the accompanying draft staff report were made available to the public on 

07/29/2013. The revised Staff Report and rule were reposted on the district 

website on 10/02/2013 to allow for additional public review. 

d. Notice to Specified Entities 

Copies of the proposed amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 

1128 and the accompanying draft staff report were mailed to all affected 

agencies, including but not limited to CARB and USEPA on 07/29/2013. 

e. Public Hearing: 

A public hearing to consider the proposed amendment of Rule 1130 and the 

rescission of Rule 1128 was set for 09/17/2013. This action was continued to the 

10/15/2013 and then the 11/19/2013 Governing Board meeting to address USEPA 

comments and allow for further industry review and comment. 

f. Legal Authority to Adopt and Implement: 

The AVAQMD has the authority pursuant to H&S Code §40702 to adopt, 

amend, or repeal rules and regulations and to do such acts as may be necessary 

or proper to execute the duties imposed upon the AVAQMD. 

g. Applicable State Laws and Regulations Were Followed: 

Public notice and hearing procedures pursuant to H&S Code §§40725-40728 

have been followed. See Section (V)(A)(1) above for compliance with state 

findings required pursuant to H&S Code §40727. See Section (V)(B) below for 

compliance with the required analysis of existing requirements pursuant to H&S 

Code §40727.2. See Section (V)(C) for compliance with economic analysis 

requirements pursuant to H&S Code §40920.6. See Section (V)(D) below for 

compliance with provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act 

(CEQA). 

B. WRITTEN ANALYSIS OF EXISTING REQUIREMENTS 

H&S Code §40727.2 requires air districts to prepare a written analysis of all existing federal air 

pollution control requirements that apply to the same equipment or source type as the rule 

proposed for modification by the district. 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 9

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

The USEPA has issued several recent CTGs which have an impact on Rule 1128 and Rule 

1130. The CTG for Flexible Package Printing (EPA 453/R-06-003, September 2006) provides 

recommendations for reducing VOC emissions from inks, coatings, adhesives and cleaning 

materials used in flexible packaging printing. The CTG for Offset Lithographic Printing and 

Letterpress Printing (EPA 453/R-06-02, September 2006) provides control recommendations 

for reducing VOC emissions stemming from the use of fountain solutions, cleaning materials 

and inks in offset lithographic printing and cleaning materials and inks in letterpress printing. 

The CTG for Paper, Film, and Foil Coatings (EPA 453/R-07-003, September 2007) provides 

control recommendations for reducing VOC emissions stemming from the use of coatings in 

paper, film and foil surface coating operations. Coating performed on, or in-line with, any 

offset lithographic, screen, letterpress, flexographic, rotogravure, or digital printing press is part

of a printing process and is not part of the paper, film, and foil coating category. 

Four additional CTGs were reviewed. The Control of VOCs from Existing Stationary Sources 

– Volume I; Control Methods for Surface-Coating Operations (EPA 450/2-76-028, November 

1976), although often listed with the CTGs for historical reasons, this document does not 

define RACT for any source. It is a compilation of control techniques (pursuant to USEPA 

comment). The Control of VOCs from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume II; Surface 

Coating of Cans, Coils, Paper, Fabrics, Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks (EPA 450/2-77-

008, May 1977) provides levels of VOC for all coatings put on paper, pressure sensitive tapes 

regardless of substrate (including paper, fabric or plastic film) and related web coating 

processes on plastic film such as typewriter ribbons, photographic film, and magnetic tape. 

The Control of VOCs from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume III: Graphic ArtsRotogravure and Flexography (EPA 450/2-78-033, 1978/12) deals with VOC emission from 

the graphic arts operations which utilize inks containing VOCs (does not apply to offset 

lithography or letterpress printing). The Control of VOC Emissions from Ink and Paint 

Manufacturing Processes (EPA-450/3-92-013, April 1992) deals with emission control 

techniques and cleaning practices throughout the manufacturing process of inks. The CTGs 

establish requirements and emission limits for VOCs but do not directly implement them. 

Therefore, rule adoption at the local level and submission as a SIP revision is necessary to 

implement these requirements. In addition, most of these emission limits have been previously 

included in Rule 1128 and Rule 1130 and the remainder were included by the amendments, 

therefore the amendments are not in conflict or inconsistent with the CTGs. 

There are two Federal New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) that apply to Rule 1128 

and Rule 1130: 40 CFR 60 Subpart QQ (Standards of Performance for the Graphic Arts 

Industry: Publication Rotogravure Printing; and 40 CFR 60 Subpart RR (Standards of 

Performance for Pressure Sensitive Tape and Label Surface Coating Operations). The 

amendments are not in conflict with either NSPS. NSPS standards are generally adopted by 

reference within the AVAQMD (see Rule 900) and apply only to newer stationary sources as 

specified in the NSPS. The amendments apply RACT level control to all existing stationary 

sources which in most cases is the same level as that imposed by the NSPS standard. Please 

note that a new major stationary source in this source category would require Best Available 

Control Technology (BACT) pursuant to the provisions of New Source Review (Regulation 

XIII) and thus would be subject to potentially more stringent requirements than those 

contained in either of the NSPSs or the amended Rule 1130. 
10 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

There are three Maximum Achievable Performance Standards (MACTs) that apply to graphic 

arts; Subpart KK (National Emission Standards for the Printing and Publishing Industry); 

Subpart OOOO (Fabric Printing, Coating and Dyeing); and, Subpart JJJJ (National Emissions 

Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Paper and other Web Coating). The amendments are 

not in conflict with the MACT standards. MACT standards are imposed upon existing sources 

pursuant to the provisions of Rule 1402 – Control of Toxic Air Contaminants from Existing 

Sources. Thus, many of the existing sources are already subject to the same level of control for 

certain chemicals as that specified in amended Rule 1130. Please note that any new or 

modified stationary source in this category would require a Toxic New Source Review analysis 

as part of its permitting process (see Rule 1401) and would thus acquire the same level of 

control as that provided for by amended Rule 1130. 

C. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 

1. General 

Rule 1130 is equivalent to San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District 

Rule 4607 – Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coatings that was 

determined by USEPA to be RACT (67 FR 4299), therefore cost effectiveness is not 

required. However, these amendments have been analyzed for VOC cost effectiveness 

in response to state requirements (see below). 

2. Cost Effectiveness 

Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) established a cost 

effectiveness of $576 per ton VOC reduced3

. In their staff reports, SJVUAPCD and the 

MDAQMD determined that their cost assumptions paralleled those of BAAQMD. The 

District finds that the BAAQMD analysis is applicable to this amendment action and 

presents this value as the cost effectiveness of the rule. This value is deemed feasible 

for VOC by the District. 

D. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS (CEQA) 

Through the process described below, it was determined that a Notice of Exemption would be 

the appropriate CEQA process for the proposed amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of 

Rule 1128. 

1. The amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128 meet the CEQA 

definition of “project.” They are not “ministerial” actions. 

2. The amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128 are exempt from 

CEQA review because these rule actions will not create any adverse impacts on 

the environment. The requirements in the amendments to Rule 1130 are more 

stringent than the currently existing requirements (see more detailed discussion 

in Rule Summary §(D)) in that: rule applicability is expanded to include current 

 

3

 BAAQMD Staff Report “Proposed Amendments to BAAQMD Regulation 8, Rule 20: Graphic Arts 

Printing and Coating Operations (October 2008) pg 15. 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 11

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

CTG source categories; definitions are updated to make the rule more 

comprehensive, reflect the current applicability of the rule, and provide 

additional clarity; VOC limits for various categories of coatings and solvent 

coating operations have been included; work practice requirements have been 

added; and, the monitoring and recordkeeping, and test method sections have 

been strengthened. In addition, ink and coatings satisfying the limits contained 

in the rule are readily available in commerce and have been shown not to cause 

either additional usage of the coatings themselves or of cleaning solvents. Other 

air districts have adopted similar rules and neither they nor USEPA has 

identified increased usage of inks, coatings or solvents as an issue in supporting 

documentation. 

There is no potential that the amendments might cause the release of additional 

air contaminants or create any adverse environmental impacts, so a Class 8 

categorical exemption (14 Cal. Code Reg. §15308) applies. 

E. SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 

1. Potential Environmental Impacts 

There are no potential adverse environmental impacts of compliance with the adoption 

of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128. Rule 1130 will expand the applicability 

of the rule to include all CTG categories for paper, film, foil and fabric; will impose 

additional controls on VOC emissions from inks, coatings, adhesives, fountain 

solutions, and solvent cleaning; and will increase the overall capture and control 

efficiency of emission control systems. Inks and coatings complying with the rule 

limits are readily available in commerce and should not cause additional usage of the 

coatings themselves or of cleaning solvents. No existing facility in this source category 

within the AVAQMD currently uses the emission control system option and the 

AVAQMD does not expect the installation of such system as the result of the 

amendments to the rule. This is primarily due to the high availability of compliant inks 

and coatings. The AVAQAMD surveyed facilities potentially affected by the amended 

rule and found that the facilities in this source category are already using compliant inks 

and coatings due to the high degree of availability, and will be able to comply with the 

limits and provisions of this rule. 

2. Mitigation of Impacts 

The AVAQMD does not expect impacts from “lower” limits since most available inks 

and coatings in the area comply with the limits in the amendment. 

3. Alternative Methods of Compliance 

The rule contains an approved VOC emission control system option. No existing 

facility in the District currently uses this option. 
12 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

F. PUBLIC REVIEW 

See Staff Report Section (V)(A)(1)(g) and (2)(b), as well as Appendix B. 

VI. TECHNICAL DISCUSSION 

A. SOURCE DESCRIPTION 

Rule 1130 will be amended to include all CTG categories for paper, film, foil and fabric 

coating operations. The rule will be applicable to all graphic arts printing operations; paper, 

film, foil and fabric printing operations; as well as, the use, storage and disposal of solvents 

associated with these operations. 

Graphic arts printing operations include lithographic printing, letterpress printing, digital 

printing and flexible packaging printing (rotogravure and flexographic). 

Lithography refers to a plane-o-graphic method of printing in which the image areas attract ink 

and the non-image areas repel ink. Most lithography is offset which means the image is 

transferred from the plate to a rubber blanket, and then printed (offset) from the blanket onto 

the paper. 

Letterpress Printing is a method where the image area is raised relative to the non-image area of 

the printing plate. The plate is inked and pressed onto the substrate allowing the ink to be 

transferred to the substrate directly from the image surface. 

Digital printing encompasses a variety of technologies all of which are based on the same 

distinguishing characteristics. Digital printing technologies do not require a physical master, 

stencils, screens or plates, but instead utilize digital data to control the deposition of ink, toner,

or dye to create images. Digital printing is a print on demand technology, which includes, but 

is not limited to, various forms of inkjet, thermography, electrophotography, ionography, and 

magnetography. 

Flexible packaging refers to any package or part of a package the shape of which can be readily 

changed. Flexible packaging includes, but is not limited to, bags, pouches, liners, and wraps 

utilizing paper, plastic, film, aluminum foil, metalized or coated paper or film, or any 

combination of these materials4

. 

Gravure Printing, also known as rotogravure, is an intaglio printing operation in which the ink 

is transferred from minute etched wells on a cylinder to the substrate, which is supported by an 

impression roller with excess ink removed from the cylinder by a doctor blade. 

Flexographic Printing is the application of an image to a substrate by means of a roll printing 

technique in which the pattern is applied to an image carrier made of rubber or other 

elastomeric materials. The image to be printed is raised above the carrier surface. 

 

4

 Control Techniques Guidelines for Flexible Packaging Printing, EPA 453/R-06-003, September 

2006, pg.5. 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 13

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

Offset lithographic printing and letterpress printing are two distinct product categories under 

section 183(e) of the CAA, but have many similarities in the types of inks and cleaning 

materials used, and controls available to control emissions. The offset lithographic process is 

used in many printing applications, including books, magazines, periodicals, labels and 

wrappers, catalogs and directories, financial and legal documents, business forms, advertising 

brochures, newspapers and inserts, charts and maps, calendars, tickets and coupons, greeting 

cards, and stamps. The paper, film and foil coatings product category listed under section 

183(e) of the CAA includes coatings that are applied to paper, film, or foil surfaces in the 

manufacturing of several major product types for the following industry sectors: pressure 

sensitive tape and labels (including fabric coated for use in pressure sensitive tapes and labels); 

photographic film; industrial and decorative laminates; abrasive products (including fabric 

coated for use in abrasive products); and flexible packaging (including coating of non-woven 

polymer substrates for use in flexible packaging). This category also includes coatings applied 

during miscellaneous coatings operations for several products including: corrugated and solid 

fiber boxes; die-cut paper paperboard, and cardboard; converted paper and paperboard not 

elsewhere classified; folding paperboard boxes, including sanitary boxes; manifold business 

forms and related products; plastic aseptic packaging; and carbon paper and inked ribbons5

. 

AVAQMD Rule 1128 currently applies to coatings and wash primers applied to paper, fabric or 

film substrates. The drying and curing processes covered include, but are not limited to, 

heated, forced-air dried and non-heated processes. AVAQMD Rule 1130 currently applies to 

graphic arts operations and the purchase, specification, sale and distribution of graphic arts 

materials. 

The combined applicability of amended Rule 1130 includes the applicability of both rules and 

include all CTG categories for paper, film, foil and fabric coating operations. Specifically, this 

rule is applicable to any Graphic Arts Printing Operations, Digital Printing Operations, Paper, 

Film, Foil or Fabric Coating Operations and to the Solvent Cleaning materials and processes 

associated with such operations in the District. This rule also applies to the drying and curing 

processes applicable to Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric Operations including, but are not limited to, 

heated, forced-air dried, and non-heated processes. Finally, this rule is applicable to any person 

who solicits, specifies or manufactures any Ink, Coating or Adhesive containing VOC which is 

sold, offered for sale, or supplied for use in Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric 

Coating Operations in the District. 

There are several facilities in the AVAQMD which currently are or may become subject to the 

provisions of amended Rule 1130: 

• Deluxe Manufacturing Operation, Inc. has District permits for a boiler and a diesel 

emergency generator. The printing operations of this facility do not currently require 

permitting, but are subject to Rule 1130 and Rule 1171 requirements. 

 

5

 Control Techniques Guidelines for Paper, Film and Foil Coatings, EPA 453/R-07-003, September 

2007, pg. 5. 
14 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

• Antelope Valley Press has a permitted offset lithographic printing press, subject to the 

provisions of Rule 1130. 

• Aerotech News operates offset lithographic printing press which is not subject to 

permitting pursuant to Rule 219, but is still subject to the requirements of Rule 1130. 

B. EMISSIONS 

The amendments to Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts and the rescission of Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric 

and Film Coating Operations does not cause the release of additional air contaminants, or 

create any adverse environmental impacts because the amended rule proposes combining the 

provisions of both rules, a more stringent applicability, as well as, more stringent VOC limits 

for all categories, including solvent cleaning operations, than the existing rule. 

C. CONTROL REQUIREMENTS 

Please see section (C)(1) through (C)(11) of the rule (see Appendix “A”) for control 

requirements. Control requirements are in the form of VOC limits for the various inks, 

coatings, adhesives, fountain solutions, and solvents for various graphic arts operations and 

paper, film, foil and fabric operations. Approved VOC emission control system limits, 

approved coating application equipment, and work practices are also specified. 

D. PROPOSED RULE SUMMARY 

This section gives a brief overview of the proposed amendments to Rule 1130 and the 

rescission of Rule 1128. The iterated rule versions are contained in Appendix “A” of this staff 

report. 

Proposed amendments to Rule 1130 were designed to enable the District to comply with the 

provisions of H&S Code §39614(d) that requires the adoption of the most readily available, 

feasible and cost-effective control measures for PM as set forth on a list developed by CARB.6

 

This list was developed based on rules, regulations, and programs existing in California as of 

01/01/04. There is one South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule listed 

as potential local control measures contained in the CARB document. Specifically, Appendix 

B of the CARB document Proposed List of Measures to Reduce Particulate Matter, Strategy I 

– Coating Measures (Measures reduce VOC, referenced #70), refers to this SCAQMD rule 

amendment of 10/08/99: Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts. The District has analyzed this SCAQMD 

Rule to determine if the measures they contained were readily available, feasible and costeffective for implementation within the MDAQMD. The VOC limits contained in the 

SCAQMD rule were determined to be cost effective and have been incorporated in the 

proposed amendments to Rule 1130. 

 

6

 A copy of the CARB “Proposed List of Measures to Reduce Particulate Matter – PM10 and PM2.5 

(Implementation of Senate Bill 656, Sher 2003) and attendant staff report may be found 

at: http://www.arb.ca.gov/pm/pmmeasures/pmmeasures.htm . 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 15

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

Section (A) has been amended to incorporate Rule 1128 rule provisions, as well as 

incorporating additional CTG categories for paper, film, foil and fabric coating operations, and 

digital printing operations. Section (A) has been reformatted to match current rule structure. 

Section (B) definitions are updated. Definitions have been included to make the rule more 

comprehensive, reflect the current applicability of the rule, and provide additional clarity. 

Definitions were incorporated from Rule 1128, and new definitions were primarily derived 

from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607. Additional sources are noted in [comments]. 

Section (C) requirements have been modified to include specific VOC limits: inks, coatings and 

adhesives (Table 1); fountain solutions (Table 2); flexographic specialty ink (Table 3); 

emission control system overall capture and control efficiency (Table 4); and, solvent cleaning 

(Table 5). Subsection (C)(3) specifies paper, film, foil or fabric coating operation requirements 

incorporated from Rule 1128. Coating application equipment is specified in subsection (C)(5). 

Subsection (C)(6) specifies requirements for an alternative emission control plan. Work 

practices are specified in subsection (C)(11). 

Section (D) compliance dates and cross references have been updated. 

Section (E) has been updated to reflect the proposed applicability. Recordkeeping 

requirements have been strengthened and clarified. Digital printing recordkeeping 

requirements have been added, but this category is otherwise exempted from the requirements 

of the proposed amendments. 

Section (H) has been updated to reflect more comprehensive applicability. 

Section (I) has been updated to incorporated exemptions from Rule 1128, the CTG, and other 

RACT rules. 

Various format changes were made for consistency with current AVAQMD rule format, as well 

as updating cross references as required. 

E. 110(l) ANALYSIS 

Rule 1128 Analysis 

Rule 1128 was originally adopted 05/04/79, and subsequently amended 02/05/82, 12/07/84, 

05/05/89, 03/02/90, 12/07/90, 08/02/91, 02/07/92 03/08/96. The SIP approved version of Rule 

1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations is the version amended 02/07/92 and 

approved 58 FR 66286, 12/20/93. The 110(l) analysis will be based upon differences between 

the 02/07/92 amendment and the current proposed amendments. 

SCAQMD amended Rule 1128 on 03/08/96. According to SCAQMD background 

information7, Rule 1128 was amended in conjunction with the rescission of Rule 1129 – 

 

7

http://www.aqmd.gov/hb/1996/960341.html
16 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

Aerosol Coatings. In October of 1993, the state legislature adopted amendments to the H&S 

Code Section 41712, requiring CARB to adopt an aerosol paint regulation and prohibiting local 

districts from adopting and enforcing local aerosol paint regulations. Subsequently, CARB 

adopted a statewide Aerosol Coating Products Rule on March 23, 1995. To be consistent with 

state law, SCAQMD staff rescinded Rule 1129 and amended Rules 1106.1, 1107, 1113, 1128, 

1130, 1145 and 1151 to exempt aerosol coating products (aerosol coating products do not 

include aerosol adhesives.) This exemption is not a relaxation because aerosol coating products 

are now regulated at the state level (Title 17, California Code of Regulations, Article 3, Aerosol 

Coating Products, Sections 94520-94524 and 94526) to the same level of stringency as the 

former rule provisions. 

The current amendment incorporates all the definitions from Rule 1128. Several definitions 

have been updated for consistency with current usage. “Heating Oven” is amended to “Oven” 

and has been updated. Changes in definitions are more current and specific; therefore not a 

relaxation. 

The test method for Capture efficiency has been updated to a more recent, approved version as 

indicated in SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 and is not a relaxation. 

Rule 1128 has been incorporated into the current amendment of Rule 1130. Rule provisions 

have been incorporated in their current form, unless changed to more current language or 

methods. No part of the rule has been omitted, except those sections that have been superseded 

by date, or updated to current language. These minor changes and updates do not allow for a 

relaxation of the rule. Rule 1128 will be rescinded at the same time the amendments to Rule 

1130 are approved. 

Rule 1130 Analysis 

Rule 1130 was originally adopted 10/03 80 and subsequently amended 02/01/85, 05/05/89, 

02/02/90, 03/02/90, 04/06/90, 06/01/90, 11/02/90, 12/07/90, 08/02/91, 03/06/92, 07/09/93, 

09/08/95 and 03/08/96. The SIP approved version of Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts is the version 

amended 09/08/95 and approved at 60 FR 55312, 10/31/95. The 110(l) analysis will be based 

upon differences between the 09/08/95 amendment and the current proposed amendments. 

SCAQMD amended Rule 1130 on 03/08/96. According to SCAQMD background 

information8

, Rule 1130 was amended in conjunction with the rescission of Rule 1129 – 

Aerosol Coatings. In October of 1993, the state legislature adopted amendments to H&S Code 

Section 41712, requiring CARB to adopt an aerosol paint regulation and prohibiting local 

districts from adopting and enforcing local aerosol paint regulations. Subsequently, CARB 

adopted a statewide Aerosol Coating Products Rule on March 23, 1995. To be consistent with 

state law, SCAQMD staff rescinded Rule 1129 and amended Rules 1106.1, 1107, 1113, 1128, 

1130, 1145 and 1151 to exempt aerosol coating products (aerosol coating products do not 

include aerosol adhesives.) This exemption is not a relaxation because aerosol coating products 

are now regulated at the state level (Title 17, California Code of Regulations, Article 3, Aerosol 

 

8

 ibid 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 17

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

Coating Products, Sections 94520-94524 and 94526) to the same level of stringency as the 

former rule provisions. 

The proposed amendments to Rule 1130 will include the provisions of Rule 1128, will satisfy 

the provisions of former H&S Code §39614(d) which required the adoption of readily 

available, feasible and cost-effective control measures for PM, and will satisfy 42 U.S.C. 

§§7511a (Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) §182) which requires that ozone nonattainment areas 

implement RACT for sources that are subject to CTGs for major sources of ozone. The 

applicability has been expanded to include foil and digital printing. Definitions have been 

updated for consistency with current District usage and policy. Definitions have also been 

updated with additional language for clarification and consistency. Changes in definitions are 

more current and specific; therefore not a relaxation. 

VOC requirements have expanded to include additional materials, and, in several cases, have 

been lowered to reflect current RACT limits. No limits have been removed or increased. 

Control device efficiency has been strengthened in Table 4. Solvent cleaning operations in 

(C)(7) have been strengthened by adding more specific VOC limits for solvent operations 

beyond the provisions of District Rule 1171. Work practices from the CTG have been 

incorporated into the provisions of (C)(11). Recordkeeping requirements have been updated to 

be more comprehensive and inclusive. Digital printing operations are a new category requiring 

recordkeeping. The test method for capture efficiency has been updated to a more recent, 

approved version as indicated in SJVUAPCD Rule 4607. 

Several exemptions have been added which are derived from RACT rules and the CTG. 

• (I)(1) is from the SJVUAPCD RACT rule. This exemption is more stringent than the 

existing 1171 exemption, and applies only to paper, film, foil and fabric coating 

operations. The current exemption (which is applicable to anything other than paper, 

film, foil or fabric) subjects a facility which emits less than eight pounds or less of VOC 

to the provisions of District rule 1171. The new exemption has a much lower threshold 

for paper, film, foil and fabric coating operations. The exemptions in (I)(2) (derived 

from Rule 1128) further restrict which paper, film, foil and fabric coating operations 

may be exempted from rule provisions. 

• (I)(3)(k) and (l) are derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 and MDAQMD Rule 1117, 

both RACT rules. Cured VOC containing product is dried to the touch and should be 

negligible for VOC content. The cleaning method for these types of operations are 

generally covered by §(C)(7)(b), such as wipe cleaning, and are not VOC restricted as 

specifically listed in Table 5. 

• (I)(3)(m) applies to the previously unregulated category of digital printers and digital 

printing operations. Requiring recordkeeping for this category is a strengthening of the 

rule as it was previously unregulated. Recordkeeping will provide the necessary 

information for an accurate emissions inventory that could be used for future plan and 

rule development projects. 
18 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

• (I)(3)(n) exempts laboratory tests or analyses, bench scale, or research and development 

projects. This is a clarification of current District policy for these activities, and is a 

standard exemption for VOC rules. This exemption encourages the research and 

development of new products that will result in benefits to industry and the 

environment. 

• (I)(3)(o) is necessary because there is no approved method to determine the VOC 

content of thin film UV inks. ASTM D5403 (Test Methods for Volatile Content of 

Radiation Curable Materials) does not include thin film UV inks. UV inks are 

categorized with the water based inks because the UV inks have less than three percent 

(3%) VOC content and therefore have a similar potential to emit as water based inks. 

• (I)(3)(p) is derived from EPA-453/R-06-001, Control Techniques Guidelines: Industrial 

Cleaning Solvents (September 2006). 

The amendments to Rule 1130 strengthen the rule, and do not relax, or back off, any 

requirements. 

F. SIP HISTORY 

1. SIP History. 

Prior to 1975 the original air district for the Antelope Valley region was the Los 

Angeles County Air Pollution Control District that had a jurisdiction covering the entire 

county of Los Angeles. In 1975, the Southern California APCD was created. It was a 

joint powers authority that had a jurisdiction covering all of the counties of Los 

Angeles, Orange, Riverside and San Bernardino. The SCAQMD came into existence 

pursuant to statute on February 1, 1976 and originally covered only the areas within the 

South Coast Air Basin (SCAB). The legislation was thereafter amended to allow non 

SCAB areas to “opt in.” Los Angeles County exercised this option and thus the 

Antelope Valley became a part of SCAQMD. On July 1, 1997 the AVAPCD replaced 

the SCAQMD as the agency with jurisdiction over the Los Angeles County portion of 

the Mojave Desert Air Basin (MDAB). On January 1, 2002 the AVAPCD was replaced 

by the AVAQMD. Pursuant to both statutory changes, the rule and regulations of the 

predecessor district were retained until the Governing Board adopted, amended or 

rescinded them. At the first meeting of both the AVAPCD and the AVAQMD, the 

respective Governing Boards reaffirmed all the rules and regulations in effect at the 

time the agency changed. 

The jurisdiction of the AVAPCD and the AVAQMD were specified in the statutes as 

the portion of the Los Angeles County contained within the MDAB. The MDAB was 

formerly known as the Southeast Desert Air Basin (SEDAB). In 1997 the SEDAB was 

split into the MDAB and the Salton Sea Air Basin. Descriptions of these air basins can 

be found in 17 Cal. Code Regs. §§60109 and 60144. Since USEPA adopts SIP 

revisions in California as effective within jurisdictional boundaries of local air districts, 

when the local air district boundaries change the SIP as approved by USEPA for that 

area up to the date of the change remains as the SIP in that particular area. Thus, upon 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 19

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

creation of the AVAPCD on July 1, 1997 the AVAPCD acquired the SIP applicable to 

the Antelope Valley portion of the SCAQMD that was effective as of June 30, 1997. 

Likewise the AVAQMD acquired the SIP that was effective in the jurisdiction of the 

AVAPCD as of December 31, 2000. Therefore, the SIP history for this region is based 

upon the rules adopted, effective, and approved for the Antelope Valley by SCAQMD. 

Rule 1128 was originally adopted by SCAQMD on 05/04/79. It was subsequently 

amended by SCAQMD on 02/05/82, 12/07/84, 05/05/89, 03/02/90, 12/07/90, 08/02/91, 

02/07/92 and 03/08/96. The 03/08/1996 version is the version of the rule retained by 

the AVAPCD upon its creation and also retained by the AVAQMD upon its creation. 

The 02/07/92 version was approved into the SIP at 58 FR 66286, 12/20/93. The 

03/08/96 version of the SCAQMD rule was approved into the SIP at 64 FR 23774, 

05/04/99. Although the 03/08/96 version of the rule was effective in the AVAQMD 

(since this amendment occurred prior to the formation of the AVAPCD), the SIP 

approval excluded the Los Angeles portion of the Southeast Desert AQMA, otherwise 

known as the Antelope Valley Region in Los Angeles County, under the jurisdiction of 

the AVAPCD. Therefore, the 02/07/92 version of Rule 1128 is the SIP version for the 

AVAQMD. 

Rule 1130 was originally adopted by SCAQMD on 10/03/80. It was subsequently 

amended by SCAQMD on 02/01/85, 05/05/89, 02/02/90, 03/02/90, 04/06/90, 06/01/90, 

11/02/90, 12/07/90, 08/02/91, 03/06/92, 07/09/93, 09/08/95 and 03/08/96. The 

03/08/96 version is the version of the rule retained by the AVAPCD upon its creation 

and also retained by the AVAQMD upon its creation. The 09/08/95 version was 

approved into the SIP at 60 FR 55312, 10/31/95. The 03/08/96 SCAQMD amendment 

was submitted for SIP approval on 07/23/96. If action was taken on this amendment, it 

is assumed the approval excluded the AVAPCD. Therefore, the 09/08/95 version of 

Rule 1130 is the SIP version for the AVAQMD. 

2. SIP Analysis. 

The amendments of Rule 1130 are primarily derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 as 

amended 12/18/08. Rule 4607 – Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric 

Coatings was determined by USEPA to be RACT (67 FR 4299, 10/15/09) The USEPA 

has also issued five CTGs which have an impact on Rule 1128 and 1130: CTG for 

Flexible Package Printing (EPA 453/R-06-003, 2006/09); CTG for Offset Lithographic 

Printing and Letterpress Printing (EPA 453/R-06-02, 2006/09); CTG for Paper, Film, 

and Foil Coatings (EPA 453/R-07-003, 2007/09); CTG for Control of VOCs from 

Existing Stationary Sources – Volume II; Surface Coating of Cans, Coils, Paper, 

Fabrics, Automobiles and Light-Duty Trucks (EPA 450/2-77-008, 1977/05); and, CTG 

for Control of VOCs from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume III: Graphic ArtsRotogravure and Flexography (EPA 450/2-78-033, 1978/12). The CTGs establish 

requirements and emission limits for VOCs but do not directly implement them. 

Therefore, rule adoption at the local level and submission as a SIP revision is necessary 

to implement these requirements. 
20 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

The amendment of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128 are necessary to satisfy 

the provisions of former H&S Code §39614(d) which required the adoption of readily 

available, feasible and cost-effective control measures for PM as well as to satisfy 42 

U.S.C. §§7511a (Federal Clean Air Act (FCAA) §182) which requires that ozone 

nonattainment areas implement RACT for sources that are subject to CTGs for major 

sources of ozone. This rule amendment incorporates the provisions of Rule 1128 into 

the amended version of Rule 1130, as the basis for the rules are similar and many 

redundancies exist. Definitions have been added, VOC requirements have been 

expanded to include CTG categories and RACT limits, solvent cleaning operations have 

been strengthened, CTG work practices have been added, recordkeeping requirements 

have been strengthened, and test methods have been updated. 

The AVAQMD will request that Rule 1130 be included in the SIP, and Rule 1128 be 

removed from the SIP as the provisions of this rule have been incorporated into the 

current amendment of Rule 1130. The AVAQMD believes that the amendments to 

Rule 1130 will strengthen the SIP. 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 A-1

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

APPENDIX "A"

Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts (Amended) 

and 

Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric and Film Coating Operations (Rescinded) 

Iterated Version 

The iterated version is provided so that the changes to an existing rule may be easily found. The manner 

of differentiating text is as follows: 

1. Underlined text identifies new or revised language. 

2. Lined out text identifies language which is being deleted. 

3. Normal text identifies the current language of the current rule which will remain unchanged by the 

adoption of the proposed amendments. 

4. Italicized text identifies explanatory material that is not part of the proposed language. 
A-2 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

This page intentionally left blank. 
(Adopted: 10/03/80; Amended: 02/01/85; Amended: 05/05/89; 

Amended: 02/02/90; Amended: 03/02/90; Amended: 05/06/90; 

Amended: 06/01/90; Amended: 11/02/90; Amended: 12/07/90; 

Amended: 08/02/91; Amended: 03/06/92; Amended: 07/09/93; 

Amended: 09/08/95; Amended: 03/08/96; Amended: mm/dd/yy)

AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-1 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13 

RULE 1130 

Graphic Arts1

(aA) General 

(1) Purpose and Applicability

(a) The purpose of this rule is tTo reduce emissions of Vvolatile Oorganic 

Ccompounds (VOC) from Ggraphic Aarts Ooperations and Digital Printing 

Operations, and Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric Coating Operations. The rule 

applies to persons performing graphic arts operations or who solicit, specify, 

offer for sale, sell, or distribute graphic arts materials for use in the District. 

[Moved applicability to (A)(2). Incorporated Rule provisions from AVAQMD 

Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric and Film Coating Operations.]

(2) Applicability [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §2.0]

(a) This rule is applicable to any Graphic Arts Printing Operations, Digital Printing 

Operations, Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric Coating Operations and to the Solvent 

Cleaning materials and processes associated with such operations in the District. 

(b) The drying and curing processes applicable to Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric 

Operations include, but are not limited to, heated, forced-air dried, and nonheated processes. Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric and 

Film Coating Operations.]

(c) This rule is applicable to any person who solicits, specifies or manufactures any 

Ink, Coating or Adhesive containing VOC which is sold, offered for sale, or 

supplied for use in Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coating 

Operations in the District.

(d) This rule does not apply to screen printing operations subject to the provisions 

of Rule 1130.1 – Screen Printing. 

(e) This Rule does not apply to the application of coatings to any plastic, rubber or 

glass products subject to the provisions of Rule 1145 – Plastic, Rubber and 

Glass Coatings. 

 

1

 Effective date of new VOC limits will be 12 months from date of rule amendment. 
1130-2 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(bB) Definitions 

For the purpose of this rule, the following definitions shall apply: [New rule definitions are 

derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 or incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, 

Fabric and Film Coating Operations unless otherwise indicated.]

(1) “Adhesive” – A material that is applied for the primary purpose of bonding two surfaces 

together by surface attachment. Adhesives may be used to facilitate the attachment of 

two surfaces or substances in varying degrees of permanence. [Derived from BAAQMD 

Rule 8-20 §8-20-237]

(21) “Aerosol Coating Product” –is a A pressurized Ccoating product containing pigments or 

resins that dispenses product ingredients by means of a Ppropellant, and is packaged in 

a disposable can for hand-held application, or for use in specialized equipment for 

ground traffic/marking applications.

(3) “Application Equipment” – A device, including, but not limited to, a spray gun, brush, 

roller, and a Printing press, used to apply Adhesives, Coatings or Inks. 

(4) “Application Process” – Any process where surface Coatings are applied and/or cured 

to paper, fabric, foil and/or film on a Coating Line. Such coating line shall include 

coating applicators, heating or drying ovens, any dryers, and any other equipment where 

VOC emissions occur. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and 

Film Coating Operations.] 

(5) “Bench Scale Project” – A project (other than at a Research and Development Facility) 

that is operated on a small scale, such as one capable of being located on a laboratory 

bench top. 

(6) “Blanket” – A synthetic rubber mat used to transfer or ”offset” an image from a Printing 

plate to paper or other substrate, commonly used in Offset Lithography. 

(7) “Blanket Repair Material” – The material used in Offset Lithographic Printing to 

correct low spots in the press Blanket. 

(8) “Blanket Wash” – A Solvent used to remove Ink from the Blanket of a press. 

(9) “California Air Resources Board (CARB)” – The California State Air Resources Board, 

the Executive Officer of CARB and his or her authorized representative, the powers and 

duties of which are described in Part 2 of Division 26 of the California Health & Safety 

Code (commencing with section 39500). [Derived from AVAQMD Rule 1113.]

(2) Coating is a layer of material applied to a substrate in a relatively unbroken film. 

[Updated and alphabetized definition.]
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-3 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(103) “Capture Efficiency”, – in In percent, is the ratio of the weight of the VOC in the 

effluent stream entering the Ccontrol Ddevice to the weight of VOC emitted from 

graphic arts operations, both measured simultaneously, and can be calculated by the 

following equation: 

×100 















=

e

c

W

W

Capture Efficiency

Where: Wc = 

weight of VOC entering Ccontrol 

Ddevice 

 We = weight of VOC emitted 

(11) “Coating” – The application of a uniform layer of material across the entire width of a 

substrate. Those machines which have both Coating and Printing units should be 

considered as performing a Printing Operation. Coating applications that are not 

performed in association with a Printing Operation are considered Coating Operations 

and are not Graphic Arts Printing Operations. 

(12) “Coating Line” –A series of Coating applicators, flash-off areas, and any associated 

curing/drying equipment between one or more unwind/feed stations and one or more 

rewind/cutting stations. 

(13) “Control Device” – Equipment such as an incinerator or adsorber, or cooler/condenser 

filtration used to prevent air pollutants from being emitted into the atmosphere. 

(414) “Control Device Efficiency”, – in In percent, is the ratio of the weight of the VOC 

removed by the Ccontrol Ddevice from the effluent stream entering the Ccontrol 

Ddevice to the weight of the VOC in the effluent stream entering the Ccontrol Ddevice, 

both measured simultaneously, and can be calculated by the following equation: 

×100 













 −

=

c

c a

W

W W

Control Device Efficiency

Where: Wc = weight of VOC entering Ccontrol Ddevice 

 Wa = 

Weight of VOC discharged from the Ccontrol 

Ddevice 

(15) “Conventional Printing Operations” – Those Printing Operations that utilize physical 

masters, stencils, screens or plates during the Printing process. Conventional Printing 

Operations use technologies including, but not limited to, Offset Lithographic, 

Flexographic, Gravure, and Letterpress Printing. 

(16) “Cured Adhesive, Cured Coating, or Cured Ink” – An Adhesive, Coating, or Ink that is 

dry to the touch. 
1130-4 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(17) “Die Coater (or Slit Coater)” – A type of Application Equipment that coats an object by 

flowing Coatings through a slit directly onto the object moving past the slit. 

[Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating 

Operations.]

(18) “Digital Printer” – A Printing device that uses a computer-driven machine to transfer an 

electronic image to a substrate through the use of Inks, toners, or other graphic 

materials. Digital Printing technologies include, but are not limited to, various forms of 

Ink-Jet, Thermography, Electrophotography, Ionography, and Magnetography. 

(19) “Digital Printing Operation” – Those Printing Operations that do not use a physical 

master, stencils, or plates but use digital data to control the deposition of Ink, toner or 

dye to create images. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117. Term modified for 

clarification pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 09/04/13.] 

(20) “Dip Coater” – A TYPE of Application Equipment that coats objects by submerging 

the object in a vat of Coating, and subsequently withdrawing the object and draining off 

the excess Coating. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film 

Coating Operations.]

(21) “Doctor Blade” – A steel blade used to scrape excess Ink from a Printing plate or inking 

cylinder.

(22) “Dryer”– A hot air, high velocity system used to dry Inks on a printed or coated 

substrate. 

(23) “Dye Sublimation” – An imaging process that vaporizes colorant with heat and 

pressure, and deposits it onto a substrate in order to simulate a continuous tone image. 

Dye Sublimation is a Digital Printing technology.

(24) “Electron Beam Ink” – Ink that, when exposed to electron energy, crosslinks or 

solidifies in milliseconds. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117.]

(25) “Electron Charge Deposition Printing” –See Ionography. 

(26) “Electrophotography” – A Digital Printing technology that works by recording an 

image on a drum in the form of an electrostatic charge, which is then transferred to the 

substrate. Electrophotography includes such technologies as laser printers, xerography, 

and Liquid Electrophotography. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(27) “Electrostatic Application” – A method of applying Coating whereby atomized paint 

droplets are charged and subsequently deposited on the substrate by electrostatic 

attraction. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating 

Operations.] 

(528) “End-User” –is a A person who performs graphic arts operations. 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-5 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(629) “Exempt Compounds” – A compound identified as exempt in 40 CFR 51.100(s)(1)(See 

Rule 102-Definition of Terms). [Updated for consistency with the current definition 

being used. Derived from AVAQMD Rule 1168.] 

(30) “Fabric Coating” – Any decorative or protective coating or reinforcing material applied 

on or impregnated into textile fabric, vinyl coated textile fabric, or vinyl sheets. 

[Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating 

Operations.]

(731) “Facility” –is any Any permit unit or grouping of permit units or other air-contaminantemitting activities which are located on one or more contiguous properties within the 

District, in actual physical contact or separated solely by a public roadway or other 

public right-of-way, and are owned or operated by the same person (or by persons under 

common control). Such above-described groupings, if non-contiguous, but connected 

only by land carrying a pipeline, shall not be considered one Ffacility.

(32) “Film Coating” – Any coating applied in a web coating process on any film substrate 

other than paper or fabric, including, but not limited to typewriter ribbons, photographic 

film, magnetic tape, and metal foil gift wrap, but excluding coatings applied to 

packaging used exclusively for food and health care products for human or animal 

consumption. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film 

Coating Operations.]

(33) “Fine Arts Painting” – Any unique visual representation, consisting of paint, Ink, or 

other media, hand applied to a substrate of canvas, wood, paper, metal, or other 

material. 

(34) “Flexible Packaging” – Any package or part of a package, the shape of which can 

readily be changed. Flexible Packaging includes, but is not limited to, bags, pouches, 

liners and wraps utilizing paper, plastic, film, aluminum foil, metalized or coated paper 

or film, or any combination of these materials.

(835) “Flexographic Printing” –is a The application of words, designs, or pictures to a 

substrate by means of a roll Printing technique in which the pattern is applied to an 

image carrier made of rubber or other elastomeric material. The image to be printed is 

raised above the carrier surface, while the non-image area is not raisedprinting method 

utilizing a flexible rubber or other elastomeric plate in which the image area is raised 

relative to the nonimage area. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(36) “Flow Coater” – A Coating application system with no air supplied to the nozzle and 

where paint flows over the part and the excess Coating drains back into the collection 

system. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating 

Operations.]

(37) “Foam Coater” – A Coating application system that coats an object by flowing foam 

through holes or a slit directly onto the object moving underneath it. [Incorporated from 

AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations.]
1130-6 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(38) “Foil Coating” – A Coating applied in a Web Coating process on any foil substrate 

other than paper or fabric, including, but not limited to typewriter ribbons, photographic 

film, magnetic tape, and metal foil gift wrap, but excluding Coatings applied to 

packaging used exclusively for food and health care products for human and animal 

consumption. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117.]

(939) “Fountain Solution” –is the The solution used in Llithographic Pprinting which is 

applied to the image plate to maintain the hydrophilic properties of the nonimage areas. 

It is primarily water and contains at least one of the following materials: etchants such 

as mineral salts; hydrophilic gums; or VOC additives to reduce the surface tension of 

the solution.

(40) “Fugitive Emissions” – Uncollected emissions of VOC from any portion of the Printing, 

Coating or Laminating Operation other than from the Dryer.

(1041) “Grams of VOC pPer Liter of Adhesive, Coating, (or Ink or Adhesive)Wash Primer, 

Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds (VOC Content)” – , is the The weight of 

VOC per combined volume of VOC and coating (or ink or adhesive) solidsemitted 

during use, Coating, curing or drying per combined volume of VOC and of Adhesive, 

Coating Ink or Wash Primer solids and can be calculated by the following equation:

Grams of VOC per Liter of Coating (or Ink or Adhesive), 

Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds 

Where: Ws = 

weight of volatile 

compoundVOCs, in grams 

Ww = weight of water, in grams 

Wes = 

weight of Eexempt Ccompounds,

in grams 

Vm = volume of material, in liters 

Vw = volume of water, in liters 

Ves = 

volume of Eexempt Ccompounds,

in liters 

For Ccoatings that contain Rreactive Ddiluents, the Ggrams of VOC per Liter of 

Coating (or Iink or Aadhesive), Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds, shall be 

calculated by the following equation: 

Grams of VOC per Liter of Coating, (or Ink or Adhesive) 

Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds 

Where: Ws = 

weight of volatile compoundVOCs evolved 

during curing and analysis, in grams 

 Ww = 

weight of water evolved during curing and 

analysis, in grams 

 Wes = weight of Eexempt Ccompounds evolved 

m w es

s w es

V V- VW - W - W =

m w es

s w es

V V V

W W W

− −

− −

=
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-7 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

during curing and analysis, in grams 

 Vm = volume of material prior to reaction, in liters 

 Vw = 

volume of water evolved during curing and 

analysis, in liters 

 Ves = 

volume of Eexempt Ccompounds evolved 

during curing and analysis, in liters 

(1142) “Grams of VOC pPer Liter of Material” – is the The weight of VOC per volume of 

material and can be calculated by the following equation: 

m

s w es

V

W W W

Grams of VOC per Liter of Material − −=

Where: Ws = weight of volatile compoundVOCs, in grams 

 Ww = weight of water, in grams 

 Wes = weight of Eexempt Ccompounds, in grams 

 Vm = volume of material, in liters 

(43) “Graphic Arts Coating” – The application of a uniform layer of material across the 

entire width of a substrate. Those machines which perform both Coating and Printing 

should be considered as performing a Printing Operation. For purposes of this rule, 

Digital Printing is not considered a Graphic Arts Coating Operation. 

(12) Graphic Arts Operations are gravure, letterpress, flexographic, and lithographic printing 

processes or related coating or laminating processes.

(1344) “Graphic Arts Materials” – are aAny Adhesives, Coatings or Iinks, coatings, or 

adhesives, including added Tthinners or retarders, used in Pprinting or related Ccoating 

or Llaminating processes.

(45) “Graphic Arts Printing Operations” – Those Operations employing Conventional 

Printing Operations, or any Coating or Laminating process associated with 

Conventional Printing Operations to produce published products and packages. Solvent 

Cleaning Operations performed in order to produce published products and packages 

are considered to be part of Graphic Arts Printing Operations.

(1446) “Gravure Printing” – is aAn Iintaglio Pprinting process in which the Iink is carried in 

minute etched or engraved wells on a roll or cylinder, excess Iink being removed from 

the surface by a Ddoctor Bblade. 

(47) “Hand Application Method” – A method of applying a Coating to a substrate using 

manually held, non-mechanically operated equipment. Such equipment includes paint 

brushes, hand rollers, caulking guns, trowels, spatulas, syringe daubers, rags and 

sponges. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating 

Operations.]
1130-8 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(48) “Heatset Web Ink” – A quick-drying Ink in which the Solvents are vaporized by passing 

the printed surface through a heater or Oven. 

(49) “High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) Spray Equipment” – Equipment used to apply 

materials by means of a spray gun which is designed and intended to be operated, and 

which is operated, between 0.1 and 10.0 psig of air atomizing pressure, measured 

dynamically at the center of the air cap and the air horns. 

(50) “Ink” – A pigmented and/or dyed liquid or paste used in a Graphic Arts Printing 

Operation typically for Printing, impressing, or transferring an image onto a substrate. 

[Derived from BAAQMD Rule 8-20 § 8-20-239]

(51) “Ink-Jet” – A Digital Printing technology in which Ink is ejected through printheads 

onto a substrate to create an image. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(52) “Intaglio Printing” – Printing done from a plate or cylinder in which the image is sunk 

below (etched or engraved into) the surface. 

(53) “Ion Deposition Printing” – See Ionography. 

(54) “Ionography” – A Digital Printing technology that utilizes a directed array of ions to 

create a charge on a nonconductive surface to create an image. Ionography can also be 

known as Ion Deposition or Electron Charge Deposition Printing. [Derived from 

MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(55) “Key System Operating Parameters” – Those parameters necessary to ensure 

compliance with (C)(6), including, but not limited to, temperature, pressure drop, and 

air flow rate. 

(1556) “Lamination” – is aA process of composing two or more layers of material to form a 

single, multiple-layer sheet by using an Aadhesive. 

(1657) “Letterpress Printing” –is a A Pprinting process in which the image area is raised 

relative to the nonimage area and the ink is transferred to the substrate directly from the 

image surface.

(58) “Line” – The minimum equipment which is required for the application, drying, and/or 

curing of Inks, UV Inks, and/or Coatings on a substrate, including the Ink and/or 

Coating applicators and drying systems, and associated Ink and Coating agitation and 

delivery systems. 

(59) “Liquid Electrophotography (LEP)” – A Digital Printing technology that records a 

latent electrostatic image on a photoconductive surface, such as a drum or belt. The 

image created by applying toner to the charged areas of the photoconductor is 

electrically transferred to an intermediate surface. In the second transfer process, the 

image is released from the Blanket surface to the final substrate cooling rapidly as the 

substrate passes between the Blanket and the impression drum, causing the image to 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-9 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

“peel off” the Blanket and be affixed to the substrate. This Operation repeats itself on 

the one Printing station for every color separation in the image. [Derived from 

MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(60) “Liquid Leak” – A visible Solvent leak from a container at a rate of more than three 

drops per minute, or a visible liquid mist. 

(1761) “Lithographic Printing” – is aA planographic Pprinting process in which the image and 

nonimage areas are on the same plane and are chemically differentiated. This Pprinting 

process differs from other Pprinting processes where the image is typically printed from 

a raised or recessed surface.

(62) “Magnetography” – A Digital Printing technology whereby an image is printed using a 

magnetic toner, electromagnetic write heads, and magnetic fields on an imaging drum. 

[Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(63) “Maintenance Cleaning” – A Solvent Cleaning Operation or activity carried out to keep 

tools, machinery, equipment (excluding Adhesive, Coating, or Ink Application 

Equipment) or general work areas in clean and good operational condition. 

(64) “Manufacturing Process” – The process of making goods or articles by hand or by 

machine. 

(1865) “Matte Finish Ink” – is aA printing Specialty Iink which is applied on Nnon-Pporous 

substrates in Fflexographic Pprinting Ooperations and contains at least five (5) percent 

by weight silicon dioxide flattening agent. 

(1966) “Metallic Ink” – is aA printing inkSpecialty Ink which is applied on Nnon-Pporous 

substrates in Fflexographic Pprinting Ooperations and which contains at least 28 

percent by weight elemental metal particlespowder, by weight. [Modified for 

consistency with the definition of Specialty Ink.] 

(67) “Non-Absorbent Container” – A container made of Non-Porous material that does not 

allow the migration of Solvents through it.

(68) “Non-Atomized Solvent Flow” – Solvents in the form of a liquid stream without the 

introduction of any Propellant. 

(69) “Non-Heatset Web Ink” – An Ink which dries by oxidation and/or absorption into the 

substrate without use of heat from Dryers or Ovens.

(70) “Non-Leaking Container” – A container without Liquid Leak. 

(71) “Non-Porous” – Any substrate whose surface prevents penetration by water, including 

but not limited to foil, polyethylene, polypropylene, cellophane, metalized polyester, 

nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate (mylar), paper or paperboard coated with NonPorous surface. Clay coated Printing paper as defined by the American Paper Institute 
1130-10 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

Classification System, and paperboard coated with clay to prevent water penetration, 

shall be considered Non-Porous. 

(72) “Offset Lithographic Printing” – A planographic method in which the image and nonimage areas are on the same plane and where the Ink is transferred from an image plate 

on one cylinder to an image Blanket on a different cylinder. The Ink is finally 

transferred from the image Blanket to the surface to be printed. [Derived from 

MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(73) “On-Press Component” – A part, component, or accessory of a press that is cleaned 

while still being physically attached to the press.

(74) “Operation” – Any physical action resulting in a change in the location, form, or 

physical properties of a material, or any chemical action resulting in a change in the 

chemical composition or the chemical or physical properties of a material. 

(75) “Operator” – Includes, but is not limited to, any person who owns, leases, supervises, or 

operates a Facility and/or equipment. 

(76) “Oven” – A heating chamber which uses heat, UV radiation, or electron beam (EB) 

radiation to bake, cure, polymerize, or dry a surface Coating. [AVAQMD Rule 1128 – 

Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations has definition for Heating Oven. The 

proposed definition is taken from MDAQMD Rule 1117 and includes the terms of the 

1128 definition, but is more comprehensive. Clarification of explanatory material 

pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 09/04/13.]

(2077) “Overall Capture and Control Efficiency (E)” – , in In percent, is the ratio of the weight 

of the VOC removed by the emission control system from the effluent stream entering 

the Ccontrol Ddevice to the total VOC emitted from Ggraphic Aarts Printing 

Ooperations, both measured simultaneously, and can be calculated by the following 

equations: [Updated to reflect usage of term as indicated by EPA review preliminary 

comments 09/04/13.]

×100 













 −

=

e

c a

W

W W

Control Device Efficiency [Not needed. Defined above.]

( ) ( )











 ×

=

100

..

Capture Efficiency Control Device Efficiency O C E

Where: Wc = Weight of VOC entering control device

Wa = Weight of VOC discharged from the control device

We =

Weight of VOC emitted [Defined in definitions of 

Capture Efficiency and Control Device Efficiency.]

(2178) Packaging Gravure – is gGravure Pprinting on paper, paperboard, foil, film or other 

substrates used to produce containers or packages.
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-11 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(79) “Pantone Ink” – An Ink created for color matching by combination of Process Inks. 

(80) “Paper Coating” – Any Coating applied on or impregnated into paper, including, but not 

limited to, adhesive tapes and labels, book covers, post cards, office copier paper, 

drafting paper, and pressure sensitive tapes. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – 

Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations.] 

(81) “Plastisizer” – A material used to keep plastic material soft and viscous. [Incorporated 

from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations. Definitions 

for Plastisol and Plastisizer properly alphabetized pursuant to EPA review preliminary 

comments 09/04/13.] 

(82) “Plastisol” – A Coating that is a liquid dispersion of small particles of resins and 

plastisizers that are fused to become a plastic. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 

– Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations. Definitions for Plastisol and Plastisizer 

properly alphabetized pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 09/04/13]

(83) “Porous” – A substrate whose surface does not prevent penetration by water, including 

but not limited to, paper, paperboard, and any paper product coated with a Porous 

material.

(2284) “Potential to Emit” – is tThe maximum capacity of a stationary source to emit a 

regulated air pollutant based on its physical or operational design. Any physical or 

operational limitation on the capacity of the stationary source to emit a pollutant, 

including air pollution control equipment and restrictions on hours of operations or on 

the type of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of the 

design only if the limitation is federally enforceable.

(2385) “Printing” – in In the graphic arts, is any operation that imparts color, design, alphabet, 

or numerals on a substrate. 

(24) Printing Ink is a pigmented fluid or viscous material used in printing. [See definition of 

“ink.”] 

(86) “Process Ink” – The hues yellow, magenta, and cyan, plus black used in the four-color 

print process.

(2587) “Proof Press” – is aA press used only for printing a sample copy of a graphic art 

product to check the quality of print, color reproduction, and editorial content.

(88) “Propellant” – Any gas, including air, in a pressure container for expelling the contents 

when the pressure is released. 

(2689) “Publication Gravure” – is gGravure printing on paper subsequently formed into books, 

magazines, catalogues, brochures, directories, newspaper supplements or other types of 

printed materials not classified as Ppackaging Ggravure. 
1130-12 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(2790) “Reactive Diluent” – is aA liquid which is a VOC during application and one in which, 

through chemical reaction or physical actions, such as adsorption or retention in the 

substrate, 20 percent or more of the VOC becomes an integral part of a finished 

product.

(91) “Recycled Solvent” – Spent solvent that has been regenerated and which 

contains VOC levels comparable or lower than analogous un-used solvent, is 

stored in non-leaking containers, has documentation verifying the recycling 

legitimacy factors are met, and is pure enough for use in this application. The 

used solvent shall not have been used for cleaning or degreasing. [Definition 

provided by USEPA.]

(92) “Removable Press Component” – A part, component, or accessory of a press that is 

physically attached to the press but is disassembled and removed from the press prior to 

being cleaned. Rollers, Blankets, metering rollers, fountains, impression cylinders and 

plates shall not be considered as Removable Press Components. 

(93) “Repair” – The process of returning a damaged object or an object not operating 

properly to good condition. 

(94) “Research and Development” – A Facility or portion thereof used to further the 

development of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods, including, but not 

limited to, design, development, and improvement of prototypes and processes. 

Research and Development does not include the Manufacturing Process itself. 

(95) “Roll Coater” – A type of Application Equipment in which a series of mechanical 

rollers form a thin Coating film on the surface of a roller, which is subsequently applied 

to a substrate by moving the substrate underneath the roller. [Incorporated from 

AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations.]

(96) “Roller Wash” – A Solvent used to remove Ink from the rollers of a press. 

(97) “Slit Coater” – See Die Coater. 

(98) “Solvent” – Any liquid containing a VOC or combination of VOCs, which is used as a 

diluent, Thinner, dissolver, viscosity reducer, cleaning agent, or for other similar uses. 

[Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4663 §3.36]

(2899) “Solvent Cleaning” – is tThe use of a Solvent to removeal of loosely held uncured 

Aadhesives, uncured Coatingsinks, uncured Inkscoatings, and contaminants from the 

internal surfaces and packaging passages of equipment including, but not limited to, 

dirt, soil, and grease from parts, products, tools, machinery, equipment and general 

work areas by flushing Solvent, by a Non-Atomized Solvent Flow, through the 

equipment.

(100) “Specialty Ink” – An Ink that is applied only on Non-Porous Substrates in Flexographic 

Printing Operations, and is either: 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-13 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(a) A Metallic Ink that contains at least 28 percent elemental metallic powder, by 

weight; or 

(b) A Matte Finish Ink containing at least five (5) percent silicon dioxide flattening 

agent, by weight.

(29101) “Sterilization Indicating Inks” – are iInks that change color to indicate that 

sterilization has occurred. Such inks are used to monitor the sterilization of medical 

instruments, autoclave efficiency, and the thermal processing of foods for prevention of 

spoilage.

(102) “Stripping” – The use of Solvent to remove material such as Cured Adhesives, Cured 

Coatings, Cured Inks, cured or dried paint, cured or dried paint residue or temporary 

protective Coating. 

(103) “Substrate Retention Factor” – A fraction, expressed in percent, of VOCs in 

lithographic Inks which is retained in the substrate when the Inks dry by adsorption or 

absorption. 

(104) “Surface Preparation” – The removal of contaminants from a surface prior to the 

application of Adhesives, Coatings or Inks before proceeding to the next step of a 

Manufacturing Process. 

(105) “Thermography” – A Digital Printing technology that creates an image via a chemical 

reaction that occurs when portions of a thermal-coated substrate are subjected to heat. 

Thermographic technologies include but are not limited to thermal wax transfer, multibit thermal wax transfer, and Dye Sublimation. 

(106) “Thin Film Ultraviolet (UV) Ink” – A UV Ink for which <0.2 g will cover an area of 

≥225 cm2 (35 in2), using the following formula: [Derived from EPA Method 24] 

C = F × A× Dc

Where: 

A = area of substrate, in cm2 (or in2) 

C = amount of Ink added to the substrate, in g 

Dc = density of Ink, in g/cm3 (or g/in3) 

F = manufacturer’s recommended film thickness, in cm (or in) 

(107) “Thinner” – A Solvent that is used to dilute Coatings or Inks to reduce viscosity, color 

strength, and/or solids, or to modify drying conditions. 

(108) “Transfer Efficiency” – Ratio of the weight or volume of Coating solids adhering to an 

object to the total weight or volume, respectively, of coating solids used in the 

application process expressed as a percentage. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 

1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations.]
1130-14 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(109) “Ultraviolet (UV) Ink” – An Ink which dries by polymerization reaction by UV or 

electron beam radiation. 

(110) “United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)” – The United States 

Environmental Protection Agency, the Administrator of the USEPA and his or her 

authorized representative.

(30111) “Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)” – Any compound of carbon, excluding 

carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, and 

ammonium carbonate, which participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions and 

those compounds listed in 40 CFR 51.100(s)(1).is any volatile compound that contains 

the element carbon, excluding methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic 

acid, metallic carbonates and carbides, ammonium carbonate and exempt compounds. 

[Derived from AVAQMD Rule 1168.] 

(112) “Wash Primer” – A material used to clean and/or to activate surfaces of paper or fabric 

that contains no more than five (5) percent, by weight, solid materials. [Incorporated 

from AVAQMD Rule 1128 – Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations.]

(113) “Waste Solvent Material” – Any Solvent which may contain dirt, oil, metal particles, 

sludge, and/or waste products, or wiping material containing VOCs including, but not 

limited to, paper, cloth, sponge, rag, or cotton swab used in Solvent cleaning. 

(114) “Web” – A continuous sheet of substrate. 

 (31) Web-Feed is an automatic system which supplies substrate from a continuous roll, or 

from an extrusion process 

(115) “Web Splicing Adhesive” – An adhesive used to join two (2) continuous rolls of 

substrate material. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117.] 

(116) “Wipe Cleaning” – A Solvent cleaning activity performed by hand rubbing an absorbent 

material such as a rag, paper, sponge, brush or cotton swab containing Solvent.

(cC) Requirements 

(1) VOC Content of Graphic Arts Materials [Limits derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 

§5.1. Effective date will be 12 months from date of amendment.]

No An Operator performing a Graphic Arts Operation, not subject to (C)(2) or (C)(3), 

person shall not apply any Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterial, including any VOC-containing 

materials added to the original Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterials supplied by the 

manufacturer, which contains a total VOC in excess of the limits specified belowin 

Table 1 and Table 2 in accordance with the specified date:

Table 1
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-15 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

VOC Content Limits for Adhesives, Coatings and Inks

GRAPHIC ARTS 

Material 

VOC Limit 

Grams of VOC per Liter 

(lb/gal) of 

Coating (or Ink or adhesive), 

Less Water and Less Exempt 

Compounds, as applied, 

effective through 

mm/dd/yyyy

Grams of VOC per 

Liter (lb/gal), Less 

Water and Less Exempt 

Compounds, as applied, 

effective on and after 

mm/dd/yyyy 

Flexographic Ink on 

Porous Substrates 

225 (1.88) 

Printing Ink 300 (2.5) 300 (2.5) 

Coating 300 (2.5) 300 (2.5) 

Adhesive 300 (2.5) 150 (1.25) 

Web Splicing 

Adhesive 

150 (1.25) 

Table 2 

VOC Content Limits for Fountain Solutions 

Fountain Solution 

used in: 

Total Grams of VOC per 

Liter (lb/gal) including any 

VOC containing materials 

added to the original 

Fountain Solution, effective 

through mm/dd/yyyy

Percent VOC by 

volume, effective on 

and after mm/dd/yyyy 

Heatset Web Offset 

Lithographic Printing 

100 (0.83) 1.6 

Non-Heatset Web 

Offset Lithographic 

Printing 

100 (0.83) 5.0 

Sheet-fed Offset 

Lithographic Printing 

with maximum sheet 

size no greater than 11 

x 17 inches 

100 (0.83) 5.0 

All other presses 100 (0.83) 8.0 

[Added lb/gal to Table 2 pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 09/04/13.] 

(a) On and after mm/dd/yyyy, an Operator performing Non-Heatset Web Offset 

Lithographic Printing shall use Fountain Solution that is five percent (5%) 

alcohol substitute or less, by weight, and shall have no alcohol in the Fountain 

Solution. [Limits derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.3. Effective date will 

be 12 months from date of amendment.]
1130-16 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(2) Flexographic Specialty Ink [Limits derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.2. Effective 

date will be 12 months from date of amendment.]

(a) An Operator using a Flexographic Printing Operation shall not use a Specialty 

Ink in excess of the VOC limit in Table 3, and shall not use more than two (2) 

gallons of Specialty Inks in a calendar day and 120 gallons of Specialty Ink in a 

calendar year. 

Table 3 

VOC Content Limits for Flexographic Specialty Ink 

Material Grams of VOC per Liter (lb/gal), Less Water and 

Less Exempt Compounds, as applied, effective on 

and after mm/dd/yyyy

Metallic Ink 460 (3.8) 

Matte Finish Ink 535 (4.5) 

Metallic Ink and Matte 

Finish Ink on Flexible 

Package Printing 

383 (3.2) 

(b) On and after mm/dd/yyyy, facilities with the Potential to Emit or with actual 

emissions of at least 10 tons VOC in any calendar year shall not use Specialty 

Inks with VOC content greater than 300 grams VOC per liter, less water and 

less Exempt Compounds, as applied. 

VOC Content of Fountain Solution 

No person shall use in any graphic arts operation any fountain solution, including any 

VOC-containing materials added to the original fountain solution supplied by 

the manufacturer, which contains a total VOC in excess of 100 grams per liter of 

material. [Limit incorporated into Table 2 above.] 

(3) Solvent Cleaning Operations; Storage and Disposal of VOC-containing Materials. 

Solvent cleaning of application equipment, parts, products, tools, machinery, 

equipment, general work areas, and the storage and disposal of VOC-containing 

materials used in cleaning operations shall be carried out pursuant to Rule 1171 - 

Solvent Cleaning Operations. [Incorporated with (C)(6).] 

(3) Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric Coating Operations [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 

1128 (C)(1), (C)(2), (C)(3) and (C)(5). Foil added for consistency with CTG.] 

(a) An Operator shall not use any Coating in any Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric 

Coating Application Process, with or without Ovens, unless: 

(i) The Coating contains less than 265 Grams of VOC Per Liter (2.2 lb/gal), 

Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds, as applied, as applied; or 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-17 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(ii) VOC emissions are collected and reduced by an approved emission 

control system pursuant to (C)(4). 

(b) An Operator shall not use or apply any Plastisol to any paper, film, foil or fabric 

substrate unless the Coating contains less than 20 Grams of VOC Per Liter (0.16 

lb/gal), Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds, as applied. 

(c) An Operator shall not use any Wash Primer on any paper, film, foil or fabric 

used in any Paper, Fabric, Foil or Fabric Coating Application Process, with or 

without Ovens, unless: 

(i) The Wash Primer contains less than 265 Grams of VOC Per Liter (2.2 

lb/gal) of Material used; or 

(ii) VOC emissions are collected and reduced by an approved emission 

control system pursuant to (C)(4). 

(4) Approved VOC Emission Control System [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.6.]

(a) A person may comply with the provisions of paragraphs In lieu of the 

requirements of subsections (Cc)(1), (C)(2) or (Cc)(23), emissions of VOC may 

be controlled by using an emission capture and control system, consisting of a 

collection and a control device, which is approved, in writing, by the Executive 

Officer forwhich reducesing emissions of VOCs to the atmosphere, provided 

that:volatile organic compounds. [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.6.2.

(i) The VOC emission control system is approved by the APCO. 

(ii) During continuous operation, not to exceed 24 hours, the VOC emission 

control system shall have a minimum Overall Capture and Control 

Efficiency as specified in Table 4, in accordance with the corresponding 

effective date. 

(iii) The collection system shall vent all drying Oven exhaust to the Control 

Device and shall have one or more inlets for collection of Fugitive 

Emissions. 

(iv) During any period of operation of a thermal incinerator, combustion 

temperature shall be continuously monitored. 

(v) During any period of operation of a catalytic incinerator, exhaust Gas 

temperature shall be continuously monitored. 

(vi) Appropriate permit(s) for the emission capture and control system are 

obtained pursuant to District regulations. 

(vii) The VOC emission control system shall reduce VOC emissions, at all times, to 

a level that is not greater than the emissions which would have been 

achieved through the use of compliant materials, compliant equipment or 

compliant work practices in subsections (C)(1), (C)(2), (C)(3) and(C)(7). 

(A) Graphic Arts Materials 
1130-18 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

The Executive Officer shall approve an emission control system to be used in 

conjunction with graphic arts materials only if its overall control efficiency will 

reduce the VOC emissions from the use of non-compliant graphic arts materials 

to a level equal to or lower than that which would have been achieved through 

compliance with the terms of paragraphs (c)(1) or meets the applicable limits 

listed below, whichever results in lower emissions.

Table 4 

VOC Emission Control System Overall Capture and Control Efficiency 

Process or Solution Overall VOC Capture and 

Control Efficiency %, by 

weight, effective through 

mm/dd/yyyy

Overall VOC Capture 

and Control Efficiency 

%, by weight, effective 

on and after 

mm/dd/yyyy 

Flexography 67% (See Flexible Package 

Printing) 

Publication Gravure 75% 85% 

Packaging Gravure 67% 75% 

Lithography 67% 75% 

Letterpress 67% 75% 

Flexible Package 

Printing (All 

Technologies) 

n/a 80% 

Fountain Solution 67% 75% 

[Updated headings pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 09/04/13. 

Flexography process in Table 4 is modified to refer it to the Flexible Package Printing 

category with 80%, effective the year after amendment. Process category for flexography 

will be retained since the existing 67% does not indicate it applies to all flexible 

packaging technologies. Correction made pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 

09/04/13.]

Type of Printing Overall Efficiency

Flexography 67%

Publication gravure 75%

Packaging gravure 67%

Lithography 67%

Letterpress 67%

[Combined with information in Table 4 above.]

The required minimum overall efficiency of an emission control system at

which an equivalent VOC emission will be achieved, compared to the emissions 

achieved through compliance with paragraphs subsections (cC)(1), (C)(2) and/or 

(C)(3), shall be calculated by the following equation: 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-19 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

( )

( ) ( )





























×









































































−

















−

= − × 100

880 /

1

1

... . 1

,

,

,

g L

VOC

D

VOC

VOC

VOC

M C E

LWc

Maxn

LWn Max

LWn Max

LWc

Where: M.C.E = Overall Minimum Control Device Efficiency, 

percent.

VOCLWc = VOC Limit of Rule 1130, less water and less 

Eexempt Ccompounds, pursuant to 

paragraphs (Cc)(1), (C)(2) and/or (C)(3)= 300 

grams per liter (g/L). 

VOCLWn,Max = Maximum VOC content of non-compliant 

Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterials used in 

conjunction with a Ccontrol Ddevice, less 

water and Eexempt Ccompounds, g/L.

Dn,Max = Density of VOC Ssolvent, reducer, or 

Tthinner contained in the non-compliant 

graphic arts materials containing the 

maximum VOC, g/L.

Dc = Density of corresponding VOC solvent, 

reducer, or thinner used in the compliant 

graphic arts materials = 880 g/L. 

 (b) The APCO shall approve an emission control system to be used in conjunction 

with Graphic Arts Materials only if its Overall Capture and Control Efficiency 

will reduce the VOC emissions from the use of non-compliant Graphic Arts 

Materials to a level equal to or lower than that which would have been achieved 

through compliance with the terms of subsections (C)(1), (C)(2) and/or (C)(3) or 

meets the applicable limits listed in Table 4, whichever results in lower 

emissions. [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.6.2.4.] See (C)(4)(a)(vii) 

above]

(b) Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 §(D). Not 

incorporated into Table 4 because Rule 1128 specified separate collection and 

reduction percentages.] 

An Operator may comply with the requirements (C)(3)(a), (C)(3)(c) or (C)(4)(a) 

through (C)(4)(c) by using an Approved VOC Emission Control System 

consisting of collection and control devices, which are approved, in writing, by 

the APCO and operated subject to the following: 

(i) The emission collection system shall collect at least 90 percent, by 

weight, of the emissions generated by the source of emissions. 
1130-20 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(ii) The control device shall reduce emissions from an emission collection 

system by at least 95 percent, by weight, or the output of the control 

device is 50 ppm, by volume, calculated as carbon, with no dilution. 

(B) Fountain Solution 

The Executive Officer shall approve an emission control system to be used in 

conjunction with fountain solutions only if its overall control efficiency is at 

least 67%. [Incorporated into Table 4 above.] 

(c) Heatset Web Offset Lithographic or Letterpress [Derived from SJVUAPCD 

Rule 4607 §5.6.1.] 

On or after mm/dd/yy, an Operator performing Heatset Web Offset Lithographic 

or Letterpress Printing that has a greater than 25 ton per year Potential to Emit 

prior to controls shall use an add-on Control Device on the Dryers as follows: 

(i) Heatset Web Offset Lithographic or Letterpress printer Control Devices 

installed on or prior to mm/dd/yy shall have an Overall Capture and 

Control Efficiency of 90 percent. 

(ii) Heatset Web Offset Lithographic or Letterpress printer Control Devices 

installed on or after mm/dd/yy shall have an Overall Capture and Control 

Efficiency of 95 percent. 

[Provisions of (C)(4)(e) thru (i) have been relocated as subsections of (C)(4)(a).] 

(5) Coating Application Equipment [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 § 5.7.] 

No Operator shall apply Coatings unless Coatings are applied with equipment operated 

according to manufacturer’s specifications, and only by the use of one of the following 

types of Coating Application Equipment: 

(a) Flow Coater; 

(b) Roll Coater; 

(c) Dip Coater; 

(d) Foam Coater; 

(e) Die Coater; 

(f) Hand Application Methods; or 

(g) HVLP spray for air dried coatings.

(i) For HVLP spray guns manufactured prior to January 1, 1996, the EndUser shall demonstrate that the gun meets HVLP spray equipment 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-21 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

standards. Satisfactory proof will be either in the form of manufacturer’s 

published technical material or by a demonstration using a certified air 

pressure tip gauge, measuring the air atomizing pressure dynamically at 

the center of the air cap and at the air horns. 

(ii) A person shall not sell or offer for sale for use within the District any 

HVLP spray gun without a permanent marking denoting the maximum 

inlet air pressure in psig at which the gun will operate within the 

parameters specified in (B)(49). 

(h) Such other alternative spray application methods as are demonstrated in 

accordance with the provisions of (H)(8), to be capable of achieving equivalent 

or better Transfer Efficiency than the application method in subsection 

(C)(5)(g), and for which written approval of the APCO has been obtained. 

[Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 § (c)(6)(H). Cross reference updated to 

(H)(8).] 

(i) Other Coating application methods which are demonstrated to the APCO to be 

capable of achieving at least 65 percent transfer efficiency as determined in 

accordance with Section (H)(8). Prior written approval from the APCO shall be 

obtained for each alternative method used. [(H)(8) more specifically describes 

the test for transfer efficiency pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 

09/04/13. Cross reference updated to (H)(8).] 

(j) In lieu of complying with subsections (C)(5)(a) through (C)(5)(i), an Operator 

may control emissions from the Coating Application Equipment with a VOC 

emission control system that meets the requirements of subsection (C)(4). 

[(C)(5)(h) has been changed to (C)(5)(i) pursuant to EPA review preliminary 

comments 09/04/13.]

(56) Alternative Emission Control Plan 

A person may comply with the provisions of paragraphs subsection (cC)(1), (C)(2) or 

(cC)(23) by means of an Alternative Emission Control Plan (AECP) pursuant to District 

Rule 108 – Alternative Emission Control Plans. [Updated for consistency.] 

(7) Solvent Cleaning Operations; Storage and Disposal of VOC-containing Materials. 

Solvent cleaning of Application Equipment, parts, products, tools, machinery, 

equipment, general work areas, and the storage and disposal of VOC-containing 

materials used in cleaning operations exempt from all or a portion of this rule shall 

comply with the provisions of Rule 1171 – Solvent Cleaning Operations. [Rule 1171 

applicability modified to limit the applicability to those operations exempt from all or a 

portion of this rule.] 
1130-22 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(a) An Operator shall not use Solvents for cleaning Operations that exceed the VOC 

content limits specified in Table 5 in accordance with the corresponding 

effective date. [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.8.1.] 

Table 5 

VOC Content Limits for Solvent Cleaning 

(Type of Solvent Cleaning Operation VOC Content Limit 

Grams of VOC/liter of 

material (Lb/gal), effective on 

and after mm/dd/yy 

A. Product cleaning during 

Manufacturing Process; or Surface 

Preparation for Adhesive, Coating or Ink 

application 

25 (0.21) 

B. Repair and Maintenance Cleaning 25 (0.21) 

C. Cleaning of Adhesive or Coating 

Application Equipment 25 (0.21) 

D. Cleaning of Ink Application 

Equipment 25 (0.21) 

 1. General 25 (0.21) 

 2. Flexographic Printing 25 (0.21) 

 3. Specialty Flexographic Printing 100 (0.83) 

 4. Gravure Publication 

 a. Publication 100 (0.83) 

 b. Packaging 25 (0.21) 

 5. Lithographic (Offset) or 

 Letterpress Printing 

 a. Roller Wash – Step 1 100 (0.83) 

 b. Roller Wash – Step 2; Roller 

 wash – not specified; Blanket 

 Wash, and On _press 

 components 

100 (0.83) 

 c. Removable Press Components 25 (0.21) 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-23 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

 6. UV Ink/Electron Beam Ink 

 Application Equipment 

100 (0.83) 

(b) The following cleaning Operations may be performed outside of an APCOapproved VOC emission control system and using a Solvent with VOC content 

greater than 25 g/L, so long as the VOC content is not greater than the limit in 

Table 5: [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117 (C)(8)(b). Additionally modified 

to include SJVUAPCD 5.8.2 provision pursuant to EPA review preliminary 

comments 09/04/13.] 

(i) Wipe Cleaning; 

(ii) Application of Solvent from hand-held spray bottles from which 

Solvents are dispensed without a propellant induced force; 

(iii) Non-Atomized Solvent Flow method in which the cleaning Solvent is 

collected in a container or a collection system which is closed except for 

Solvent collection openings and, if necessary, openings to avoid 

excessive pressure build-up inside the container; or 

(iv) Solvent Cleaning method in which the Cleaning Solvent is discharged 

into a container that is closed except for Solvent collection openings and, 

if necessary, openings to avoid excessive pressure build-up inside the 

container. The discharge Solvent from the equipment must be collected 

into containers without atomizing into the open air. The Solvent may be 

flushed through the system by air or hydraulic pressure, or by pumping. 

(c) Solvent shall not be atomized into the open air unless it is vented to a VOC 

emission control system that complies with subsection (C)(4). This provision 

shall not apply to printing Operations where the roller of Blanket Wash is 

applied automatically and the cleaning of nozzle tips of automated spray 

equipment systems, except for robotic systems, and cleaning with spray bottles 

or containers described in subsection (C)(7)(b)(ii). [Derived from SJVUAPCD 

Rule 4607 §5.8.4.]

(d) An Operator shall not use VOC-containing materials to clean spray equipment 

used for the application of Adhesives, Coatings or Ink unless an enclosed system 

or equipment that is proven to be equally effective at controlling emissions is 

used for cleaning. If an enclosed system is used, it must totally enclose spray 

guns, cups, nozzles, bowls and other parts during washing, rinsing and draining 

procedures, and it must be used according to the manufacturer’s 

recommendations and must be closed when not in use. [Derived from 

SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.8.5.]

(e) In lieu of complying with the provisions of subsection (C)(7)(a) through 

(C)(7)(d), an Operator may control emissions from cleaning Operations with an 

APCO-approved VOC emission control system that meets the requirements of 

subsection (C)(4). [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §5.8.6.]
1130-24 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(8) An Operator shall store or dispose of fresh or spent Solvents, Waste Solvent Materials, 

Coatings, Adhesives, catalysts, Thinners and Ink in Non-Absorbent, Non-Leaking 

Containers, which shall be kept closed except when adding or removing material, 

during cleaning Operations, or when the container is empty. [Derived from SJVUAPCD 

Rule 4607 §5.9.]

(9) VOC material wastes (including but not limited to liquid wastes, rags and packaging) 

shall be disposed of in a manner consistent with federal, state and local hazardous waste 

regulations. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117 §(C)(10.]

(10) The manufacturer of any Coating, Adhesive or Ink, except Thin Film UV Ink, which is 

sold, offered for sale or supplied for use in Packaging Gravure, Publication Gravure or 

Flexographic Printing Operations in the District shall include the following information 

on the product container or Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) supplied with the 

product: [Thin Film UV inks are exempted because there is no method for determining 

VOC content. ASTM D 5403-93, Standard Test Methods for Volatile Content of 

Radiation Cuable Materials is not applicable.] 

(a) Material name, manufacturer identification, specific mixing instructions, 

density, and VOC content, as applied. 

(b) The VOC content of Inks (except Thin Film UV Ink), Coatings and Adhesives 

expressed as defined in subsection (B)(41). 

(11) Work Practices [Specific work practices derived from EPA-453/R-06-002, CTG for 

Offset Lithographic Printing and Letterpress Printing (September 2006) and EPA 

453/R-06-003, CTG for Flexible Packaging Printing (September 2006.] 

(a) An Operator shall properly use and properly operate all graphic arts printing 

technologies as directed and/or specified by the manufacturer of the printer or 

graphic arts material. 

(b) Solvent containers and mixing tanks must be kept closed or covered except 

when filling, draining, or conducting cleaning operations. 

(c) Used shop towels, rags and wipes shall be kept in closed containers. 

(d) Spray guns shall be cleaned in an enclosed system. 

(e) Recycled Solvents shall be used for cleaning if available and practical. 

(f) Cleaning materials shall be conveyed from one location to another in closed 

containers or pipes.

(dD) Prohibition of Specification and Sale [Updated for consistency and proper cross 

references.]
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-25 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(1) No person shall solicit from, or require any other person to use in the District any 

graphic arts material which, when applied as supplied or thinned or reduced according 

to the manufacturer's recommendation for application, does not meet the applicable 

VOC limits in paragraph subsection (cC)(1), (C)(2), (C)(3) or subparagraph subsection 

(iI)(123)(Cs)(iii) for the specific application. 

(2) On and after January 1, 1996mm/dd/yy, no person shall offer for sale, sell, or distribute 

directly to an Eend-Uuser for use in the District any graphic arts material which, when 

applied as supplied or thinned or reduced according to the manufacturer's 

recommendation for application, does not meet the applicable VOC limits in paragraph 

subsection (cC)(1), (C)(2), (C)(3) or subparagraph subsection (iI)(123)(Cs)(iii) for the 

specific application. 

(eE) Recordkeeping Requirements

Unless otherwise noted or as required pursuant to District Rule 109 – Recordkeeping for 

Volatile Organic Compound Emissions, all VOC content and density values recorded pursuant 

to the requirements of this rule shall be for the material as applied. Graphic Arts Coating 

Operations subject to this rule shall maintain the following records and information: [Derived 

from MDAQMD Rule 1117 §(E)(1).] 

(1) For each Ink, Coating, and Adhesive, Fountain Solution, Wash Primer, and Solvent in 

use and in storage: 

(a) A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or product data sheet giving material 

name, manufacturer identification, specific mixing instructions, and density; and 

(b) VOC content as applied. 

(2) Compliant Materials Records [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.1.2.] 

If only Inks, Coatings, and Adhesives meeting the specification found in Section (C) are 

used: 

(a) Records on a daily basis showing the amount of Ink used. Ink use records shall 

be maintained using one of the following options: 

(i) Group the quantity of all Inks used and identify the maximum VOC 

content figure and use the minimum density of 1,010 gm/liter (8.44 

lb/gal) ; 

(ii) Itemize Process Inks and Pantone Inks separately and use the specific 

VOC content and density value for each Process Ink, and the highest 

VOC content and the maximum density of 1,010 gm/liter (8.44 lb/gal) 

for Pantone Inks; 

(iii) Report Process Inks and Pantone Inks separately and use the maximum 

VOC content and minimum density value for both process and Pantone 
1130-26 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

Inks, or use the density of 1,010 gm/liter (8.44 lb/gal) for Pantone Inks; 

or 

(iv) Itemize each Ink and Pantone Ink and use the specific VOC content and 

density value for each. 

(b) Records on a daily basis showing the amount of Coating, Adhesive, Wash 

Primer, and Solvent (including cleaning Solvent) used. Itemize each Coating, 

Adhesive, Wash Primer, and Solvent and use the specific VOC content and 

density value for each. 

(c) Record, on a daily basis, the type, amount, and percent VOC by volume of 

Fountain Solution used. 

(3) Non-Compliant Materials Records [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.1.3.]

If Inks, Coatings, Adhesives, Fountain Solutions, Wash Primers, and Solvents 

(including non-compliant cleaning Solvent) which do not meet the specifications found 

in Subsection (C) are used and compliance is achieved through the use of add-on 

emission control equipment pursuant to (C)(4): 

(a) Records on a daily basis showing the type and amount of Inks, Coatings, 

Adhesives, Fountain Solutions, Wash Primers, and Solvents (including noncompliant cleaning Solvent) used and itemized using the specific VOC content 

and density value for each. 

(b) Daily records of Key System Operating Parameters which will demonstrate 

continuous Operation and compliance of the emission Control Device during 

periods of emission producing activities. Key System Operating Parameters are 

those necessary to ensure compliance with VOC capture and control 

requirements pursuant to (C)(4) (including but not limited to temperatures, 

pressures, and flow rates). Such records shall be kept in the form and manner as 

prescribed by the APCO. 

(4) Records for Flexographic Specialty Inks [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.1.4.]

If flexographic Specialty Inks are used pursuant to Section (C)(2), record, on a daily 

basis, the type and amount of each Specialty Ink used. 

(5) Digital Printing Records [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.1.6.]

(a) On or after mm/dd/yyyy, Digital Printing Operations shall keep records in 

accordance with (E)(5)(b) for each Digital Printer that: 

(i) Uses Solvent-based Inks and has a print capacity of 1,000 ft

2

/hr or more; 

or 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-27 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(ii) Uses water-based Inks, or UV Inks and has a print capacity of 10,000 

ft

2

/hr or more, 

(b) Operators with printers Subject to Section (E)(5)(a) shall keep the following 

records: 

(i) A current file of Inks, Coatings, Adhesives, and Solvents in use and in 

storage. The file shall include a MSDS or product data sheet showing 

the material name, manufacturer's name, VOC content as applied, 

specific mixing instructions, and density. 

(ii) Monthly records of the type, and amount of each Ink, Coating, and/or 

Adhesive used. 

(iii) Monthly records of the type, and amount of Solvent used for thinning the 

Ink, Coating, or Adhesive, and for cleaning. 

(6) If the Facility is claiming exempt status pursuant to Section (I), the Facility shall 

maintain adequate records on a daily or as-used basis to demonstrate the exempt status. 

The Operator who becomes subject to the emission limits/standards of this rule through 

loss of exemption in Section (I) shall not operate the subject equipment, except as 

required for obtaining a new or modified Permit-to-Operate, until the Operator 

demonstrates that the Operation is in full compliance with the requirements of this rule. 

[Portion derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §7.0. Record keeping requirement 

changed from monthly to daily per “Little Bluebook,” pursuant to EPA review 

preliminary comments 09/04/13] 

(7) Any record required or produced pursuant to this rule shall be retained on site for a 

minimum of five (5) years and shall be made available to the APCO, CARB, or USEPA 

upon request. [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.1.] 

(8) Determination of VOC Emissions from Inks Used in a Lithographic Printing Operation 

[Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.3.]

For the purposes of determining compliance with emissions limits, and determining 

eligibility for exemption under subsections (I)(1), (I)(3)(h) and (I)(3)(m) of this rule, the 

amount of VOC emitted from Heatset Web and Non-Heatset Web Inks used shall be 

discounted by the following Substrate Retention Factors: 20 percent for Heatset Web 

Inks and 95 percent for Non-Heatset Web Inks. These Substrate Retention Factors shall 

not be used when determining compliance of Inks with applicable VOC content limits 

specified in this rule, and Heatset Web and Non-Heatset Web Inks shall meet the VOC 

content limits specified in Section (C)(1), Table 2. [(I)(2) changed to (I)(1), (I)(3)(h) 

and (I)(3)(m) for consistency with SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §4.1., pursuant to EPA review 

preliminary comments 9/04/13.] 

 Records shall be maintained pursuant to Rule 109. 
1130-28 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(fF) Rule 442 Applicability 

Any graphic arts operations subject to this rule which is exempt from all or a portion of the 

VOC limits of this rule shall comply with the provisions of Rule 442 – Usage of Solvents. 

(gG) Emission Reduction Credits 

The calculations for emission reduction credits issued pursuant to District Rule 1309 for 

Mmatte Ffinish and Mmetallic Iinks shall be based on a maximum VOC limits of 300 grams 

per liter specified in subsection (C)(2) Table 3 (less water and less Eexempt Ccompounds) 

irrespective of the VOC limits specified in paragraph subsection (Ii)(123)(s)(iii). [Updated 

pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]

(hH) Test Methods [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.]

The VOC content of materials subject to the provisions of this rule and Overall Capture and 

Control Efficiency of VOC emission control systems shall be determined by the following test 

methods specified in Sections (H)(1) through (H)(9), District Rule 109 – Recordkeeping for 

Volatile Organic Compound Emissions, or alternative test methods approved by the APCO,

USEPA, and CARB. [Cross reference corrected.]

(1) Except for UV Inks, the VOC content of Inks, Adhesives, Fountain Solutions, Solvents 

and Coatings shall be determined by using EPA Method 24 or 24A as applicable; or 

South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Laboratory Methods of 

Analysis for Enforcement Samples, February 1997, Method 304-91 – Determination of 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in Various Materials, February 1, 1996. [Derived 

from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.1. SCAQMD method from SCAQMD Laboratory Methods of 

Analysis for Enforcement Samples, February 1997. SCAQMD Test method reference changed 

pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.] 

(2) The VOC content of UV Inks, except for Thin Film UV Inks, shall be determined by 

using American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) D5403-93 (2013) (Test 

Methods for Volatile Content of Radiation Curable Materials). VOC Content of Graphic 

Arts Materials [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.1. ASTM Method updated to 2013 

version pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]

The VOC content of graphic arts materials except publication rotogravure inks shall be 

determined by: 

(A) United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Reference Method 24, (Title 

40 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 60, Appendix A). The exempt compounds' 

content shall be determined by District Method 303 (Determination of Exempt 

Compounds) contained in the District "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for 

Enforcement Samples" manual; or 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-29 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(B) District Method 304 [Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in 

Various Materials] contained in the District "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for 

Enforcement Samples" manual.

(23) Exempt Compound Content: Exempt compound content shall be determined by using 

ARB Method 432, “Determination of Dichloromethane and 1,1,1-Trichlorethane in 

Paints and Coatings,” September 12, 1989; ARB Method 422 “Determination of 

Volatile Organic Compounds in Emission from Stationary Sources,” September 12, 

1990; or, SCAQMD Method 303-91 “Determination of Exempt Compounds,” August 

1, 1996. VOC Content and Density of Publication Rotogravure Ink: [Derived from 

SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.2. SCAQMD method included from AVAQMD Rule 1128 

§(f)(1)(A). Test method dates revised as suggested pursuant to EPA review preliminary 

comments 9/04/13. SCAQMD test methods 19 and 22 removed as method 303.91 is the 

applicable method.]

The VOC content and density of publication rotogravure inks shall be determined by: 

(A) United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Reference Method 24A, 

(Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 60, Appendix A). The exempt compounds' 

content shall be determined by District Method 303 (Determination of Exempt 

Compounds) contained in the District "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for 

Enforcement Samples" manual; or 

(B) District Method 304 [Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in 

Various Materials] contained in the District "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for 

Enforcement Samples" manual.

(34) Exempt Perfluorocarbon Compounds 

The following classes of compounds: cyclic, branched, or linear, completely 

fluorinated alkanes; cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with no 

unsaturations; cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no 

unsaturations; and sulfur-containing perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations and with 

sulfur bonds only to carbon and fluorine, will be analyzed as Eexempt Ccompounds for 

compliance with subdivision Section (cC) and subparagraph subsection 

(iI)(123)(Cs)(iii), only at such time as manufacturers specify which individual 

compounds are used in the Ccoating formulations and identify the test methods, which, 

prior to such analysis, have been approved by the USEPA and the District, that can be 

used to quantify the amounts of each Eexempt Ccompound.

(5) The content of silicon dioxide as a flattening agent in a Matte Finish Ink shall be 

determined by using ASTM D717-86 (2008) (Standard Test Methods for Analysis of 

Magnesium Silicate Pigment). [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.3. ASTM Test 

method updated from “the latest EPA approved revision” to 2008 version pursuant to EPA 

review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]
1130-30 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(6) The metal content of Metallic Inks shall be determined by SCAQMD Test Method 318-

95 -- Determination of Weight Percent Elemental Metal In Coatings by X-Ray 

Diffraction, July 1, 1996. [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.4. Test method 

name/date updated pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]

(7) Determination of emissions of VOC from spray gun cleaning systems shall be made 

using SCAQMD method "General Test Method for Determining Solvent Losses from 

Spray Gun Cleaning Systems," October 3, 1989. Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 

§6.4.5.

(8) The transfer efficiency of alternative Coating application methods shall be determined 

in accordance with the SCAQMD method “Spray Equipment Transfer Efficiency Test 

Procedure for Equipment User,” May 24, 1989. [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 

§6.4.6. Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 §(f)(4).] 

(49) Determination of Overall Capture and Control Efficiency of VOC Emission Control 

Systems Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.7.

(aA) The Capture Efficiency of a VOC emission control system’s collection device(s) 

shall be determined according to EPA’s “Guidelines for Determining Capture 

Efficiency,” January 9, 1995 and 40 CFR 51, Appendix M, Test Methods 204-

204F, as applicable.The capture efficiency of an emission control system as 

defined in paragraph (b)(2) shall be determined by a minimum of three sampling 

runs subject to the data quality objective (DQO) presented in the USEPA 

technical guideline document, "Guidelines for Determining Capture Efficiency, 

January 9, 1995". Individual Ccapture Eefficiency test runs subject to the 

USEPA technical guidelines shall be determined by: 

(i) Applicable USEPA Methods 204, 204A, 204B, 204C, 204E, and/or 

204F; or [These test methods are contained in (H)(9)(a) and redundant. 

Removed pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]

(ii) The DistrictSCAQMD “"Protocol for Determination of Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) Capture Efficiency, May 1995”"; ; or Correctly cited 

SCAQMD rather than the AVAQMD as the source of this protocol 

pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]

(iii) any Any other method approved by the USEPA, the California Air 

Resources BoardCARB, and the District Executive OfficerAPCO. 

(bB) The Ccontrol Ddevice Eefficiency of an VOC emission control system’s VOC 

Control Device(s) as defined in paragraph (b)(3) and the VOC content in the 

Ccontrol Ddevice exhaust gases, measured and calculated as carbon, shall be 

determined by USEPA Test Methods 2, 2A, or 2D for measuring flow rates and 

EPA Method 25, 25A, 25B or SCAQMDDistrict Method 25.1 – 

“(Determination of Total Gaseous Non-Methane Organic Emissions as Carbon, 

February 26, 1991”) as applicable. USEPA Test Method 18, or ARB Method

422 shall be used to determine emissions of Eexempt Ccompounds. [Updated 
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-31 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

with provisions derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §6.4.7.2. Test method name/date 

updated pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]

(c) For VOC emission control systems that consist of a single VOC emission 

collection device connected to a single VOC emission Control Device, the 

Ooverall Ccapture and Ccontrol Eefficiency shall be calculated by using the 

following equation: 

[ ]/ 100 CECapture ,Control = CECapture ×CEControl

Where: 

CE

Capture,Control

= Overall Capture and Control Efficiency, in percent 

CE

Capture 

= Capture Efficiency of the collection device, in 

percent, as determined in Section subsection 

(FH)(79)(a)

CE

Control 

= Control Efficiency of the Control Device, in percent, 

as determined in Section subsection (FH)(79)(b).

(d) The following equation shall be used to determine if the minimum required 

Ooverall Ccapture and Ccontrol Eefficiency of an emission control system is at 

an equivalent or greater level of VOC reduction as would be achieved using 

compliant materials, equipment, or work practices, as stated in Section 

subsection (C)(64)(ga). [Cross reference corrected pursuant to EPA review 

preliminary comments 9/04/13.]

100

1

1

1

,

,

,

×





























































−













−

= − ×

c

LWC

Maxn

LWn Max

LWn Max

LWc

D

VOC

D

VOC

VOC

VOC

CE
1130-32 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

Where: 

CE = Minimum Required Overall Capture and Control 

Efficiency, percent 

VOC

LWc

= VOC Limit, less water and less Exempt 

Compounds 

VOC

LWn,Max

= Maximum VOC content of noncompliant Ink (or 

Coating or Adhesive) used in conjunction with a 

Control Device, less water and less Exempt 

Compounds 

D

n,Max

= Density of Solvent, reducer, or Thinner contained

in the noncompliant Ink (or Coating or 

Adhesive), containing the maximum VOC 

content of the multi-component Ink (or Coating, 

or Adhesive) printing Line 

Dc

= Density of corresponding Solvent, reducer, or 

Thinner used in the compliant Ink (or Coating, or 

Adhesive) system = 880 gm/liter. 

(510) Equivalent Test Methods 

Other test methods determined by the staffs of the District, ARB, and USEPA, to be 

equivalent to the test methods specified in this rule, and approved in writing by the 

District Executive OfficerAPCO may also be used. 

(611) Multiple Test Methods 

When more than one test method or set of test methods are specified for any testing, a 

violation of any requirement of this rule established by any one of the specified test 

methods or set of test methods shall constitute a violation of the rule. 

(712) Test Methods Dates 

All test methods referenced in this section shall be the most recent approved versions. 

The Executive OfficerAPCO may update test methods as necessary to reflect the most 

accurate method available, provided the method does not affect the stringency of the 

rule. 

(iI) Exemptions
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-33 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(1) The requirements of this rule, except for the recordkeeping requirements of subsection 

(E)(6), shall not apply to the following Operations except for Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric 

Coating Operations: [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §4.1 and §4.2.]

(a) Effective through mm/dd/yyyy, any Graphic Arts Printing Operation which 

emits less than 400 pounds of VOC per calendar month. 

(b) On or after mm/dd/yyyy, any Graphic Arts Printing Operation that emits less 

than 200 pounds of VOC per 12 rolling consecutive calendar months. 

(2) The following exemptions apply to Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric Coating Operations only: 

(a) The provisions of (C)(5) shall not apply to the application of materials that 

contain less than 20 g/L of VOC per liter of material. [Incorporated from 

AVAQMD Rule 1128 §(i)(3).] 

(b) The provisions of subsection (C)(3) shall not apply to laboratories which apply 

less than two (2) gallons per day of coatings to test specimens for purposes of 

testing for production-related operations, research, development or quality 

control. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 §(i)(4).] 

(c) The provisions of subsection (C)(3) shall not apply to laboratories located at 

facilities that manufacture reinforced plastic, structural materials which apply 

less than three (3) gallons per day of coatings to test specimens for either testing 

for production-related operations, research, development or quality control. 

[Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 §(i)(6).] 

(13) The requirements of this rule shall not apply to: 

(a) All Pproof ppresses. 

(2b) Any Ffacility which emits eight (8) pounds or less of VOC per day from graphic 

arts operations and related Ssolvent Ccleaning Ooperations subject to Rule 1171 

- Solvent Cleaning Operations. 

(3c) Coating operations subject to other rules of Regulation XI. 

(4d) Solar-control window film. 

(5e) Heat-applied transfer decals. 

(6f) Graphic arts on ceramic materials. 

(7g) Circuitry printing. 

(8h) Blanket Rrepair Mmaterial used in containers of four (4) ounces or less. 

(9i) Sterilization Iindicating Iinks.
1130-34 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

(j) The application of Coatings and use of cleaning Solvents in creating Fine Art 

Paintings, or to scenic or theatrical backgrounds for motion pictures, television 

and theater. [Incorporated from AVAQMD Rule 1128 §(i)(5).]

(k) Stripping of Cured Adhesives, Cured Coatings, and Cured Inks, except the 

Stripping of such materials from spray Application Equipment. [Derived from 

MDAQMD Rule 1117 §(D)(2)(c).] 

(l) Cleaning Operations in printing pre-press or graphic arts pre-press areas, 

including the cleaning of film processors, color scanners, plate processors, films, 

and plates. [Derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117 §(D)(2)(d).]

(m) Digital Printers and Digital Printing Operations except for recordkeeping 

requirements in Section (E)(5). [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 §4.1.4.]

(n) This rule shall not apply to laboratory tests or analyses, Bench Scale, or 

Research and Development Projects. [Derived from SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 

§4.5.]

(o) This rule shall not limit the VOC content of Thin Film UV Inks. [Derived from 

MDAQMD Rule 1117 §(D)(5).]

(p) Cleaning materials with a VOC composite vapor pressure less than 8 mm Hg at 

20o C are exempt from subsection (C)(7)(a) of this rule. [Derived from EPA453/R-06-001, Control Techniques Guidelines: Industrial Cleaning Solvents 

(September 2006).] 

(10q) The prohibition specified in paragraphs subsections (dD)(1) or (dD)(2) shall not 

apply to persons offering Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterials for sale to, selling 

Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterials to, distributing Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterials to, or 

requiring the use of Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterials from, persons who are operating 

an approved emission control system under paragraph subsection (cC)(4), or 

complying under paragraph subsection (cC)(56). , or operating pursuant to 

paragraphs (i)(1), (i)(2), (i)(3), (i)(4), (i)(5), (i)(6), (i)(7), (i)(8), or (i)(9). 

[Removed (I) references pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 

09/04/13.] 

(11r) The prohibition specified in subdivision Section (dD) shall not apply to 

Ggraphic Aarts Mmaterials which will be used solely outside of the District. 

(12s) The provisions of paragraph subsection (cC)(12) shall not apply to metallic and

Mmatte Ffinish and Metallic Iinks provided that: 

(Ai) The usage of Mmatte Ffinish or Mmetallic Iinks each shall not exceed 

two (2) gallons per day and 125 120 gallons per calendar year at a 

Ffacility; and [Gallons changed for consistency with (C)(2)(a) pursuant 

to EPA review preliminary comments 9/04/13.]
AVAQMD Rule 1130 1130-35 

Graphic Arts, D2a: 10/31/13

(Bii) The Ppotential to Eemit and the actual VOC emissions from a Ffacility 

which applies Mmatte Ffinish or Mmetallic Iinks does not exceed ten 

(10) tons per calendar year from all VOC emission sources, but 300 

grams per liter after (mm/dd/yy); and [Updated for consistency with 

(C)(2)(b) requirements pursuant to EPA review preliminary comments 

9/04/13.]

(Ciii) The VOC content of Mmatte Ffinish and Mmetallic Iinks on non-flexible 

substrates do not exceed 535 and 460 grams per liter (less water and less 

Eexempt Ccompounds) respectively; and [Updated for consistency with 

(C)(2)(a) Table 3 requirements pursuant to EPA review preliminary 

comments 9/04/13.]

(Div) The owner or Ooperator of the Ffacility certifies in writing to the 

Executive Officer that they shall not emit VOCs in excess of ten (10) 

tons per calendar year. Such a certification shall be considered an 

agreement by the Ffacility to limit the Ffacility's Ppotential to Eemit; and 

(Ev) Facilities operating under the provisions of paragraph subsection 

(iI)(123) whose actual emissions exceed ten (10) tons in any calendar 

year shall henceforth be subject to the requirements of paragraph 

subsection (cC)(12); and 

(Fvi) In addition to the requirements of subdivision Section (eE), Ffacilities 

shall retain records of purchase orders and invoices of VOC-containing 

materials for a minimum of two five (25) years. 

(13t) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to aerosol Aerosol Ccoating 

Pproducts. 

See SIP Table at http://www.avaqmd.ca.gov/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=921[SIP: 

Submitted as amended 3/8/96 on 7/23/96; Approved 10/31/95, 60 FR 55312, 40 CFR 

52.220(c)(225)(i)(A)(1); Approved 4/14/94, 59 FR 17698, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(193)(i)(A)(2); 

Approved 7/8/82, 47 FR 29668, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(85)(viii)(A)]

 
1130-36 AVAQMD Rule 1130 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

This Page Intentionally Left Blank. 
(Adopted; 05/04/79; Amended: 02/05/82; Amended: 12/07/84; 

Amended: 05/05/89; Amended: 03/02/90; Amended: 12/07/90; 

Amended: 08/02/91; Amended: 02/07/92; Amended: 03/08/96; 

Rescinded: mm/dd/yy) 

AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-1

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12

RULE 1128 

Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations 

[The provisions of this rule have been incorporated into the proposed amended version 

of Rule 1130. Bracketed and italicized notes for each section indicate where the 

appropriate rule provision is located in Rule 1130, or why the provision is no longer 

necessary.] 

(a) Applicability [Applicability has been incorporated into Rule 1130 §(A)(2).] 

 This rule applies to all persons applying coatings or wash primers to paper, fabric, or film 

substrates. The drying and curing processes covered under this rule include, but are not limited 

to, heated, forced-air dried, and non-heated processes. 

(b) Definitions [Definitions have been incorporated into Rule 1130 §(B). Definitions have been 

updated as needed.] 

 For the purpose of this rule, the following definitions shall apply: 

(1) AEROSOL COATING PRODUCT is a pressurized coating product containing 

pigments or resins that dispenses product ingredients by means of a propellant, and is 

packaged in a disposable can for hand-held application, or for use in specialized 

equipment for ground traffic/marking applications. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(2).] 

 (2) APPLICATION PROCESS is any process where surface coatings are applied and/or 

cured to paper, fabric, and/or film on a coating line. Such coating line shall include 

coating applicators, heating or drying ovens, any dryers, and any other equipment where 

VOC emissions occur. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(4).]

 (3) COATING means a layer of material applied on a substrate that forms a film. [See Rule 

1130 §(B)(11) for updated definition.]

 (4) DIE COATER (OR SLIT COATER) is a type of application equipment that coats an 

object by flowing coatings through a slit directly onto the object moving past the slit. 

[See Rule 1130 §(B)(17).]
1128-2 AVAQMD Rule 1128

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 (5) DIP COATER is a type of application equipment that coats an object by submerging the 

object in a vat of coating, and subsequently withdrawing the object and draining off the 

excess coating. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(20).]

 (6) ELECTROSTATIC APPLICATION is a method of applying coating whereby atomized 

paint droplets are charged and subsequently deposited on the substrate by electrostatic 

attraction. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(27).]

 (7) EXEMPT COMPOUNDS (See Rule 102-Definition of Terms). [See Rule 1130 

§(B)(29), updated for consistency.]

 (8) FABRIC COATING is any decorative or protective coating or reinforcing material 

applied on or impregnated into textile fabric, vinyl coated textile fabric, or vinyl sheets. 

[See Rule 1130 §(B)(30).]

 (9) FILM COATING is any coating applied in a web coating process on any film substrate 

other than paper or fabric, including, but not limited to typewriter ribbons, photographic 

film, magnetic tape, and metal foil gift wrap, but excluding coatings applied to 

packaging used exclusively for food and health-care products for human or animal 

consumption. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(32).]

 (10) FLOW COATER is a type of application equipment that coats an object by flowing a 

stream of coating over the object and draining off any excess coating. [See Rule 1130 

§(B)(36).]

 (11) FOAM COATER is a type of application equipment that coats an object by flowing 

foam through holes or a slit directly onto the object moving underneath it. [See Rule 

1130 §(B)(37).]

 (12) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF COATING, LESS WATER AND LESS EXEMPT 

COMPOUNDS, is the weight of VOC per combined volume of VOC and coating 

solids, and can be calculated by the following equation: [See Rule 1130 §(B)(41).]

 

 Grams of VOC per Liter of Coating, Less Ws - Ww - Wes

Water and Less Exempt Compounds = 

 Vm - Vw - Ves

 Where: Ws = weight of volatile compounds, in grams 

 Ww = weight of water, in grams 

 Wes = weight of exempt compounds, in grams 

 Vm = volume of material, in liters 

 Vw = volume of water, in liters 

 Ves = volume of exempt compounds, in liters 

 (13) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF MATERIAL is the weight of VOC per volume of 

material and can be calculated by the following equation: [See Rule 1130 §(B)(42).]
AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-3 

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 Ws - Ww - Wes

 Grams of VOC per Liter of Material = 

Vm

 Where: Ws = weight of volatile compounds, in grams 

 Ww = weight of water, in grams 

 Wes = weight of exempt compounds, in grams 

 Vm = volume of material in liters 

 (14) HAND APPLICATION METHOD is a method of applying a coating to a substrate 

using manually held, non-mechanically operated equipment. Such equipment includes 

paint brushes, hand rollers, caulking guns, trowels, spatulas, syringe daubers, rags, and 

sponges. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(47).]

 (15) HEATING OVEN is a device into which paper, fabric or film is put in order to dry or 

cure the applied coating by applying heat. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(76) definition for Oven.]

 (16) HIGH VOLUME LOW PRESSURE (HVLP) SPRAY is an atomized coating 

application system which is operated between 0.1 and 10 psig air pressure at the air 

cap/tip of the spray gun. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(49) for updated definition.]

 (17) PAPER COATING is any coating applied on or impregnated into paper, including, but 

not limited to, adhesive tapes and labels, book covers, post cards, office copier paper, 

drafting paper, and pressure sensitive tapes. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(81).]

 (18) PLASTISOL is a coating that is a liquid dispersion of small particles of resins and 

plastisizers that are fused to become a plastic. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(82).]

 (19) PLASTISIZER is a material used to keep plastic material soft and viscous. [See Rule 

1130 §(B)(82).]

 (20) ROLL COATER is a type of application equipment in which a series of mechanical 

rollers form a thin coating film on the surface of a roller, which is subsequently applied 

to a substrate by moving the substrate underneath the roller. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(94).]

 (21) TRANSFER EFFICIENCY is the ratio of the weight or volume of coating solids 

adhering to an object to the total weight or volume, respectively, of coating solids used 

in the application process expressed as a percentage. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(107).]

 (22) VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) is any volatile chemical compound 

which contains the element carbon excluding methane, carbon monoxide, carbon 

dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, ammonium carbonate, and 

exempt compounds. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(110) for updated definition.]
1128-4 AVAQMD Rule 1128

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 (23) WASH PRIMER is a material used to clean and/or to activate surfaces of paper, fabric, 

or film and may contain no more than five percent, by weight, solid materials. [See Rule 

1130 §(B)(111).]

(c) Requirements

(1) Until January 1, 1994, a person shall not use or apply any coating in any paper, fabric, 

or film coating application process involving the use of heating ovens unless: [This 

subsection deleted. Provisions expired 1/1/94.] 

(A) the coating contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of coating, less water, 

and less exempt compounds, as applied, and is applied with a minimum transfer 

efficiency of 95 percent; or 

(B) the VOC emissions are collected and reduced to less than 120 grams per liter of 

coating applied. 

(2) On or after January 1, 1994, a person shall not use or apply any coating in any paper, 

fabric or film coating application process, with or without heating ovens, unless: 

[Section relocated to Rule 1130, §(C)(3)(a).] 

(A) The coating contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of coating less water, 

and less exempt compounds, as applied; or 

(B) VOC emissions are collected and reduced by an approved emission control 

system pursuant to subdivisions (d) and (j). 

(3) A person shall not use or apply any plastisol to any paper, fabric, or film substrate 

unless the coating contains less than 20 grams of VOC per liter of coating, less water, 

and less exempt compounds, as applied. [Section relocated to Rule 1130, §(C)(3)(b).]

(4) Until January 1, 1994, a person shall not use wash primer on any paper, fabric, and/or 

film used in any paper, fabric, and/or film coating application process involving the use 

of heating ovens, unless: [This subsection deleted. Provisions expired 1/1/94.]

 (A) the wash primer contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of material used, 

or 

 (B) the VOC emissions from the washing operations are collected and reduced to 

less than 120 grams per liter of washing material used. 

 (5) On or after January 1, 1994, a person shall not use wash primer on any paper, fabric, 

and/or film used in any paper, fabric, and/or film coating application process, with or 

without heating ovens, unless: [Section relocated to Rule 1130 §(C)(3)(c).]
AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-5 

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 (A) The wash primer contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of material used, 

or 

 (B) VOC emissions are collected and reduced by an approved emission control 

system, pursuant to subdivisions (d) and (j). 

 (6) Application Methods [This subsection is already represented in Rule 1130 subsection 

(C)(5), except for (H) which has been added as §(C)(5)(h).]

 On or after January 1, 1994, no person shall apply coatings, unless these materials are 

applied with equipment operated according to manufacturer's specifications, and by the 

use of one of the following methods: 

 (A) Flow Coater; 

 (B) Roll Coater; 

 (C) Dip Coater; 

 (D) Foam Coater; 

 (E) Die Coater; 

 (F) Hand Application Methods; 

 (G) High-Volume Low-Pressure (HVLP) spray, only for air-dried coatings; or 

 (H) Such other alternative spray application methods as are demonstrated in 

accordance with the provisions of paragraph (f)(4), to be capable of achieving 

equivalent or better transfer efficiency than the application method listed in 

subparagraph (c)(6)(G), and for which written approval of the Executive Officer 

has been obtained; [See rule 1130 amendment §(C)(5)(h).] 

(7) Containers for organic solvents and mixing tanks for coatings containing organic 

solvents shall be free from leaks and shall be covered except when adding or removing 

materials, cleaning, or when the container is empty. [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(8) 

for these provisions.] 

(8) A person shall not: [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(7).]

 (A) use VOC-containing materials for the cleaning of application equipment used in 

paper, fabric, and/or film coating operations, excluding hand wiping, unless: 

 (i) 85 percent of the VOCs are collected and properly disposed of in such a 

way that they are not emitted into the atmosphere; or 

 (ii) the clean-up materials contain 15 percent or less, by weight, VOC. 
1128-6 AVAQMD Rule 1128

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 (B) use other than closed containers for disposal of cloth or paper used for surface 

preparation, clean-up, and the removal of uncured coatings, which are 

impregnated with solvent containing VOC. [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(8) 

for these provisions.]

 (C) use other than closed containers for disposal of cloth or paper used in stripping 

cured coatings, which are impregnated with solvent containing VOC. [See Rule 

1130 subsection (C)(8) for these provisions.]

(9) Solvent Cleaning Operations: Storage and Disposal of VOC Containing Materials 

 Subparagraphs (c)(8)(A), (c)(8)(B) and hand wipe cleaning of application equipment 

used in paper, fabric, and/or film coating operations shall be superseded by paragraphs 

(c)(1), (c)(2), (c)(4), and (c)(6) of Rule 1171 - Solvent Cleaning Operations, on and 

after July 1, 1992. [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(7).]

(d) Approved Emission Control System [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(4)(c).]

 A person may comply with the provisions of paragraph (c)(2), (c)(5) or (c)(6) by using an 

emission control system for reducing VOC emissions consisting of collection and control 

devices, which are approved, in writing, by the Executive Officer and installed in accordance 

with the Compliance Schedule of subdivision (j) and operated subject to the following 

provisions: 

 (1) The emission collection system shall collect at least 90 percent, by weight, of the 

emissions generated by the source of emissions. 

 (2) The control device shall reduce emissions from an emission collection system by at 

least 95 percent, by weight, or the output of the control device is 50 ppm, by volume, 

calculated as carbon, with no dilution. 

(e) Recordkeeping Requirements [See Rule 1130 Section (E).]

 

 Records shall be maintained pursuant to Rule 109. 

 

(f) Compliance Test Methods [See Rule 1130 Section (H).]

 For the purpose of this rule, the following test methods shall be used. 

 (1) The VOC content of materials subject to the provisions of this rule shall be determined 

by: 
AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-7 

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 (A) The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Reference 

Method 24 (Determination of Volatile Matter Content, Water Content, Density 

Volume Solids, and Weight Solids of Surface Coatings, Code of Federal 

Regulations Title 40, Part 60, Appendix A). The exempt compound's content 

shall be determined by the South Coast Air Quality Management District's 

(SCAQMD) Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples - 

Section III, Methods 19 and 22; or [See Rule 1130 §(H)(3).] 

 (B) SCAQMD's Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples - 

Section III, Methods 16, 17, 19, 22, and 24. [See Rule 1130 §(H)(1).]

 VOC emissions determined to exceed any limits established by this rule through the use 

of the above-referenced sets of test methods shall consititute a violation of the rule. [See 

Rule 1130§(H)(10).] 

 (2) The capture efficiency of the emissions collection system shall be determined by the 

USEPA method cited in 55 FR (Federal Register) 26865, June 29, 1990. [See Rule 1130 

§(H)(8) for updated test method.] 

 (3) The efficiency of the control device and the VOC content measured and calculated as 

carbon in the control device exhaust gases shall be determined by USEPA's Test 

Method 18, or Air Resources Board (ARB) Method 422 for the determination of 

emissions of Exempt Compounds and USEPA's Test Methods 25, 25A, or SCAQMD's 

Method 25.1 (Determination of Total Gaseous Non-Methane Organic Emissions as 

Carbon) for the determination of total organic compound emissions. Emissions 

determined to exceed any limits established by this rule through the use of any of the 

above-referenced test methods shall constitute a violation of the rule. [See Rule 1130 

§(H)(8)(b).] 

 (4) The transfer efficiency of alternative coating application methods shall be determined in 

accordance with SCAQMD method "Spray Equipment Transfer Efficiency Test 

Procedure for Equipment User, May 24, 1989." [See Rule 1130 § (H)(7).] 

 The following classes of compounds: cyclic branched, or linear, completely fluorinated 

alkanes; cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with no unsaturations; cyclic, 

branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no unsaturations; and sulfurcontained perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations and with sulfur bonds only to carbon and 

fluorine, will be analyzed as exempt compounds for compliance with subdivision (c), only at 

such time as manufacturers specify which individual compounds are used in the coating 

formulations and identify the test methods, which, prior to such analysis, have been approved 

by the USEPA and the SCAQMD, that can be used to quantify the amounts of each exempt 

compound. [See Rule 1130 §(H)(3).] 

(g) Rule 442 Applicability
1128-8 AVAQMD Rule 1128

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 Any coating, coating operation, or facility which is exempt from all or a portion of this rule, 

shall comply with the provisions of Rule 442. [See Rule 1130 §(F).] 

(h) Alternative Emission Control Plan [See Rule 1130 §(C)(6).] 

 An owner/operator may comply with subparagraph (c)(1)(A) or (c)(2)(A) by means of an 

Alternative Emission Control Plan pursuant to Rule 108. 

(i) Exemptions 

 (1) Until January 1, 1994, the provisions of subdivision (c) shall not apply to any coating 

application facility which applies less than two gallons of coatings per day. [This 

provision has expired and has not been incorporated in amended Rule 1130.] 

 (2) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to aerosol coating products. [See Rule 1130 

§(I)(3)(t).] 

 (3) The provisions of subparagraph (c)(6) shall not apply to the application of materials that 

contain less than 20 g/L of VOC per liter of material. [Incorporated into amended Rule 

1130 §(I)(2)(a).] 

 (4) The provisions of subdivision (c) shall not apply to laboratories which apply less than 

two (2) gallons per day of coatings to test specimens for purposes of testing for 

production-related operations, research, development, and quality control. 

[Incorporated into amended Rule 1130 §(I)(2)(b).]

 (5) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to the application of coatings to fine arts 

paintings, or to scenic or theatrical backgrounds for motion pictures, television, and 

theater. [See Rule 1130 § (I)(3)(j). Additional provisions have been incorporated for 

consistency.] 

 (6) The provisions of subdivision (c) shall not apply to laboratories located at facilities that 

manufacture reinforced plastic, structural materials, which apply no more than three (3) 

gallons per day of coatings to test specimens for either testing production-related 

operations, research, development, or quality control. [Incorporated into amended Rule 

1130 §(I)(2)(c).]

(j) Compliance Schedule [Compliance dates for this section are past and should have been 

achieved. This Section has not been incorporated in amended Rule 1130.] 

 Persons complying with the provisions of subdivision (d) shall comply with the following 

increments of progress to achieve compliance: 
AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-9 

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

 (1) By July 1, 1992, submit required applications for permits to construct and operate, to 

achieve compliance with paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(5), or (c)(6). 

 (2) By January 1, 1994, demonstrate compliance with paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(5), or (c)(6). 

[SIP: Submitted as amended 3/8/96 on 7/23/96; Approved 12/20/93, 58 FR 66287, 40 CFR 

52.220(c)(189)(I)(A)(3); Approved 11/16/83, 48 FR 52054, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(125)(ii)(D); Approved 

1/21/81, 46 FR 5965, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(58)(ii)(A)]

 
1128-10 AVAQMD Rule 1128

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/18/12 

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AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 B-1

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

APPENDIX "B" 

PUBLIC NOTICE DOCUMENTS

(to be included when available)

1. Proof of Publication for Notice of Public Hearing – Antelope Valley Press, August 16, 2013 
B-2 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

This page intentionally left blank. 

 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

B-3

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14
B-4 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

This page intentionally left blank. 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-1

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

APPENDIX "C" 

PUBLIC COMMENTS AND RESPONSES

1. ARB Staff Rule Results, August 27, 2013 

2. USEPA Preliminary Comments, September 4, 2013 
C-2 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

This page intentionally left blank. 

 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-3

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

 

1. ARB Staff Rule Results, August 27, 2013 
C-4 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

This page intentionally left blank. 

 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-5

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

1. District response to ARB Staff Rule Results, August 27, 2013 

No comment required. 
C-6 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

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AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-7

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

2. USEPA Preliminary Comments, September 4, 2013 

 Section Comment District Response EPA Comment 

1 (A)(1)(c) This rule applies to "any 

person who solicits, specifies 

or manufactures any Ink...." 

Staff report (page 12) says 

this applies to those selling 

graphic arts coatings, etc. 

Include "any person who 

sells" 

Staff Report has been 

updated to include 

complete applicability 

language for clarification. 

OK- need to see 

staff report 

 

2 (B)(19) Change to Digital Printing 

Operation 

Term changed from Digital 

Printing to Digital Printing 

Operation as suggested. 

OK 

 

3 (B)(76) The definition for "Oven" is 

not the same as that in 1128 

(b)(15). Remove the 

annotation that it is from AV 

1128 

The actual definition for 

"oven" was derived from 

MDAQMD Rule 1117. 

Annotation has been 

clarified with proper 

reference. The intent of 

referencing 1128 was to 

verify that a definition for 

"heating oven" was 

transferred into Rule 1130. 

OK- need to see 

staff report 

 

4 (B)(81) and (82) Reverse order - not 

alphabetical 

Definitions for Plastisol 

and Plastisizer 

alphabetized correctly. 

OK 

 

5 (C)(1) (Table 2) add lb/gal in first column 

like other tables 

Pounds per gallon added as 

requested. 

OK 

 

6 (C)(2) (b) 

(corrected from 

(C)(1) (b) ) 

PE of 10 tons per year 

limited to 300 grams/liter 

VOC content does not agree 

with CTG which limits 

emissions to "3 tons per 12-

month rolling period." 

(C)(2)(b) was taken from 

SJVUAPCD Rule 4607 

section 5.2.2 and also 

MDAQMD Rule 1117 

(C)(2)(a). Can you provide 

CTG requirement 

reference? No change 

made yet to rule in 

response to this comment. 

This may have 

been confusing 

because I had the 

wrong subsection 

number. In CTG 

for Flexible 

Package Printing 

(EPA 453/R-06-

003), Section III, 

Applicability, 
C-8 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

control 

recommendations 

for the equivalent 

of 15 lb/day - ie 

3 tons/year - is 

recommended. 

 

7 (C)(4) (a) Table 

4 

There is no Overall Control 

efficiency for film, foil, 

fabric. Rule 1128 requires 

90% or 95% with 50 ppm 

emission for film, foil, fabric 

coating so this should be 

added into 1130 which 

replaces 1128. 

Please see section (C)(4)(b) 

for these provisions. Not 

incorporated into table 4 

because Rule 1128 

specified separate 

collection and reduction 

percentages. 

OK 

 

8 (C)(4) (a) Table 

4 

SJV uses "Overall Capture 

and Control Efficiency" for 

headers on table. Consider 

using this in the heading 

Updated headers as 

suggested. Also updated 

definition (B)(77) from 

"Overall Capture 

Efficiency" to "Overall 

Capture and Control 

Efficiency", and updated 

term in rule as needed. 

OK 

 

9 (C)(4) (a) Table 

4 

SJV has 80% for flexography 

and 90% for foil, film, fabric. 

Need to add Rule 1128's 

overall of 85% (90% x 95% ) 

for foil, film, fabric. 

Consider using 90% per SJV 

Rule 4607 Table 6 

Flexography category in 

Table 4 is modified to refer 

it to the Flexible Package 

Printing category with 80% 

effective the year after 

amendment. Process 

category for flexography 

will be retained since the 

existing 67% does not 

indicate it applies to all 

flexible packaging 

technologies. 

OK 

 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-9

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

10 (C)(4) (c) This is stated in (C)(4) (a): In 

lieu of the requirements of 

subsections (C)(1),(C)(2) and 

(C)(3), emissions may be 

controlled by using an 

emission control system. 

This statement is for other 

graphic arts operations 

besides Paper, Film, Foil or 

Fabric so it is not clear why 

this is stated separately for 

(c) [Paper, Film, Foil or 

Fabric] and why it is not all 

inclusive of (C) (4) (a) 

through (h). 

This section was 

incorporated separately 

from 1128 because it's a 

different format and had 

operational requirements 

beyond those contained in 

Table 4. (C)(4)(b) now. 

OK 

 

11 (C)(5) (i) 

(corrected from 

(C)(4) (i) ) 

Only (H)(7) describes a test 

for transfer efficiency. 

Change "in Section (H)" to 

"in subsection (H)(7)..." 

(C)(5)(i) has been updated 

for specific subsection for 

transfer efficiency method. 

OK 

 

12 (C)(5) (j) 

(corrected from 

(C)(4) (j) ) 

Should include (C)(5)(i) too. 

Change to: "In Lieu of 

complying with subsections 

(C)(5)(a) through 

(C)(5)(i)...." 

Change has been made has 

been made to (C)(5)(j). 

OK 

 

13 (C)(7)(a) Table 

5 

Add #6 Screen Printing 100 

grams/liter (0.83 lbs/gal) 

Screen Printing is not a 

part of this rule. Screen 

Printing requirements are 

addressed in Rule 1130.1 - 

Screen Printing. 

OK - then renumber Table 5 

because it skips 

from #5 to #7 

 
C-10 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

14 (C)(7)(b) 

annotation 

SJV section 5.8.2, as 

indicated in the annotation, 

was not included. Add 5.8.2 

from SJV's rule 4607: "An 

operator performing the 

following cleaning 

operations from Table 5 

outside of an APCO 

approved VOC emission 

control system and using 

solvent with VOC content 

greater than 25 g/l shall meet 

the requirements of Section 

(C)(7)(b)(i) through 

(C)(7)(b)(iv) in addition to 

meeting the applicable VOC 

content limit of Table 5." 

This section was actually 

taken from MDAQMD 

Rule 1117. Annotation 

was corrected, but added 

SJVUAPCD provision. 

OK 

 

15 (C)(7) (e) 

(corrected from 

(C)(7)(c)) 

This is not consistent with 

SJV's rule 4607. Revise to 

"In lieu of complying with 

the provisions of Table 5 or 

subsection (C)(7)(b) through 

(C)(7)(d)..." 

(C)(7)(e)? Is "Table 5 and 

(C)(7)(b) thru (C)(7)(d)" 

not the same as "(C)(7)(a) 

through (C)(7)(d)"? 

(C)(7)(a) contains Table 5. 

OK 

 

16 (C)(11) (e) Define "Recycled solvents" 

in section (B) 

Do not have a definition 

for recycled solvents in SJ, 

SACTO, MD or SC rules. 

Could not locate in 

Graphic Arts CTGs or 

Industrial Solvent Cleaning 

CTG. Suggestions? 

Recycled 

Solvent: Spent 

solvent that has 

been regenerated 

and which 

contains VOC 

levels 

comparable or 

lower than 

analogous unused solvent, is 

stored in nonleaking 

containers, has 

documentation 

verifying the 

recycling 

legitimacy factors 

are met and are 

pure enough for 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-11

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

use in this 

application. The 

used solvent shall 

not have been 

used for cleaning 

or degreasing. 

 

17 (E)(6) "If the Facilty is claiming 

exempt status pursuant to 

Section I, the facility shall 

maintain adequate records on 

a monthly basis..." Exempt 

facilities should have daily 

records per Little Blue Book. 

Change "monthly" to 

"daily or as-used" per Little 

Bluebook. 

OK 

 

18 (E)(8) This is not consistent with 

the SJV rule statement. 

Change the section from 

(I)(2) to (I)(1) 

Should (I)(2) be changed to 

(I)(1), (I)(3)(h) and 

(I)(3)(m) for consistency 

with SJVUAPCD Rule 

4607 §4.1? This SJ 

provision refers to all these 

exemptions in our rule. 

OK 

 

19 (G) If comment in section 

(I)(3)(s)(iii) is accepted, this 

needs to be changed to: 

"...VOC limits specified in 

paragraph subsection ( C)(2) 

Table 3." 

Updated as requested. OK 

 

20 (H)(1) "...;or SCAQMD Laboratory 

Methods of Analysis for 

Enforceable Samples - 

Section III, Methods 

16,17,19,22 and 24." These 

method numbers are no 

longer valid. This manual 

now has methods 300~318. 

SC 1130 now refers to 

Method 303 - or obtain valid 

method number from SC 

Changed incorrect 

SCAQMD Methods to 

SCAQMD Method 304 - 

Determination of Volatile 

Organic Compounds VOC 

in Various Materials from 

the Laboratory Methods of 

Analysis for Enforcement 

Samples, February 1, 1996

OK 

 
C-12 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

21 (H)(2) In lieu of ASTM D5403-93 

(2007), use ASTM D5403-93 

(2013)- if this revision is 

applicable to this rule 

ASTM test method updated 

to 2013 version. The Little 

Bluebook says Region IX 

maintains a list of 

California Methods that 

have been approved For 

SIPs. I found the 

Alternative Test Methods 

but don't see ASTMs 

referenced there. I am 

assuming the 2013 revision 

is acceptable to EPA? 

OK -Actually 

there is a list of 

approved ASTM 

methods in 40 

CFR 60.17. It 

lists the 93 

version but 

having the latest 

version in 

parenthesis is 

acceptable. 

 

22 (H)(3) revise dates. ARB Method 

422 date (approved by EPA) 

is September 12, 1990. 

SCAQMD Method 303-91 

date approved by EPA is 

August, 1996 

Consider SCAQMD 304-91 

as applicable method. 

Dates will be updated but I 

need clarification. 

SCAQMD 303-91 has a 

revision date of February 

1993. August 1, 1996 is the 

date EPA approved it? 

Should I use the EPA 

approval date or the 

SCAQMD revision date? 

Shouldn't 303-91 be the 

applicable method, not 

304-91? Removed 

SCAQMD Methods 19 and 

22. 

 

23 (H)(3) "...; or SCAQMD 

Laboratory Methods of 

Analysis for Enforceable 

Samples - Section III, 

Methods 16,17,19,22 and 

24." See comment for (H) 

(1). Obtain valid method 

number from SC 

Removed SCAQMD test 

methods 19 and 22. 

Referenced SCAQMD 

303-91 Determination of 

Exempt Compounds. 

OK 

 

24 (H)(3)~(H)(11) There are two subsection 

(3)'s. Need to shift numbers 

starting with "Exempt 

Perfluorocarbon 

Compounds" 

Oops. I caught that when I 

was doing the clean rule. 

Renumbered and checked 

for cross references in the 

rule for all (H) references. 

OK 

 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-13

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

25 (new) (H)(4) For ASTM D717-86, please 

note that the latest revision 

of this test standard is 2008 

and revise date if appropriate 

ASTM Test method 

updated from “the latest 

EPA approved revision” to 

2008 version. (H)(5) after 

numbering corrected. 

OK Use "ASTM 

D717-2008" EPA 

does not approve 

or disapprove this 

method. 

 

26 (new) (H)(5) Revise to include complete 

number and EPA approval 

date: The metal content of 

Metallic Inks shall be 

determined by SCAQMD 

Test Method 318-95, 

"Determination of Weight 

Percentage Elemental Metal 

in Coatings by X-Ray 

Diffraction", July 1996 - per 

Little Blue Book 

Included complete 

SCAQMD title and EPA 

approval date. (H)(6) now 

after numbering corrected. 

OK 

 

27 (new) 

(H)(9)(a)(i) 

This is redundant to the 

paragraph in (H)(9)(a) which 

references 40 CFR 51, 

Appendix M, Test Methods 

204-204F. Consider 

removing (i) and adjust 

numbering of (ii) and (iii) 

Removed (i) and 

renumbered (ii) and (iii) as 

requested. Checked rule 

for section citation cross 

references (none found). 

OK 

 

28 (new) 

(H)(9)(a)(ii) 

This is not an AV district 

method and the EPA 

approval version date needs 

to be added. Replace "The 

District" with "SCAQMD" 

and add the EPA approval 

version date "May 1995" 

after "Protocol for 

Determination of Volatile 

Organic Compounds (VOC) 

Capture Efficiency" 

This was probably an 

overlooked reference to 

when the AVAQMD 

actually was SC :) 

Corrected. 

 

29 (new) (H)(9)(b) Revise to include complete 

number and EPA approval 

date: SCAQMD Test 

Method 25.1, "Determination 

of Total Gaseous NonMethane Organic Emissions 

as Carbon", February 1991 - 

Corrected. OK 
C-14 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

per Little Blue Book 

30 (new) (H)(9)(d) There is no subsection 

(C)(4)(e)(i) and subsection 

(C )(4)(e) does not reference 

emission control system. 

Change reference to 

subsection (C )(4)(a) 

Corrected. OK 

31 (I)(3)(q) This subsection is IN 

subsection (I)(3) so it seems 

odd to exclude operations 

pursuant to (I)(3) in this 

subsection. 

Removed (I) cross 

references in this 

subsection. 

OK 

32 (I)(3)(s)(i) "...2 gallons per day and 125 

gallons per calendar year.." 

(C )(2)(a) Table 3 has a limit 

of 120 gallons per calendar 

year. Change 125 to 120 

gallons. 

Corrected. OK 

33 (I)(3)(s)(ii) The condition in (C )(2)(b) 

also includes 300 grams/liter 

after (effective date). Revise 

to: "...ten(10) tons per 

calendar year from all VOC 

sources but 300 grams/liter 

after (effective date);..." 

Corrected. However, 

comment 6 says this is not 

an acceptable limit. Please 

advise the CTG location of 

the requested limit so both 

sections can be updated to 

consistent language. 

OK - make the 

two sections 

consistent. 

34 (I)(3)(s)(iii) According to (C )(2)(a) 

Table 3, this only applies to 

non-flexible substrate inks. 

Revise to: "The VOC content 

of Matte Finish and Metallic 

Inks on non-flexible 

substrates do not exceed..." 

Corrected. OK 

 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 C-15

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

2. District response to USEPA Preliminary Comments, September 4, 2013 

1. Staff Report has been updated to include complete applicability language for 

clarification. 

2. Term changed from Digital Printing to Digital Printing Operation as suggested. 

3. The actual definition for “oven” was derived from MDAQMD Rule 1117. Rule 

annotation has been clarified with proper reference. The intent of referencing 1128 was 

to verify that a definition for “heating oven” was transferred into Rule 1130. 

4. Definitions for “Plastisol” and “Plastisizer” alphabetized correctly. 

5. Pounds per gallon added as requested to Table 2.

6. Section not changed after discussion with USEPA. This limit in CTG applies to work 

practices, not material limits. 

7. Please see section (C)(4)(b) for these provisions. These provisions were not 

incorporated into Table 4 because Rule 1128 specified separate collection and reduction 

percentages. 

8. Updated headers as suggested to Table 4. Also updated definition (B)(77) from 

“Overall Capture Efficiency” to “Overall Capture and Control Efficiency”, and updated 

term in rule as needed. 

9. Flexography category in Table 4 is modified to refer it to the Flexible Package Printing 

category with 80% (effective the year after amendment). Process category for 

flexography will be retained since the existing 67% does not indicate it applies to all 

flexible packaging technologies. 

10. This section was incorporated separately from 1128 because it's a different format and 

had operational requirements beyond those contained in proposed Table 4. (C)(4)(b). 

11. C)(5)(i) has been updated with specific subsection for transfer efficiency method. 

12. Change has been made as requested to (C)(5)(j).

13. Screen printing requirements will be addressed in a future amendment to Rule 1130.1 - 

Screen Printing. Table renumbered correctly. 

14. This section was actually taken from MDAQMD Rule 1117. Annotation was corrected, 

and SJVUAPCD provision added as requested. 

15. Change not required after discussion with USEPA. 

16. Definition for “Recycled Solvent” added as provided by USEPA. 

17. Changed “monthly” to “daily or as-used” per Little Bluebook as requested. 

18. (I)(2) changed to (I)(1), (I)(3)(h) and (I)(3)(m) for consistency with SJVUAPCD Rule 

4607 §4.1. 

19. Updated as requested. 

20. Changed incorrect SCAQMD Methods to SCAQMD Method 304 - Determination of 

Volatile Organic Compounds VOC in Various Materials from the Laboratory Methods 

of Analysis for Enforcement Samples, February 1, 1996. 

21. ASTM test method updated to 2013 version. 

22. Dates updated. Method 303-91 listed as the applicable method. Removed SCAQMD 

Methods 19 and 22. 

23. Removed SCAQMD test methods 19 and 22. Referenced SCAQMD 303-91 

Determination of Exempt Compounds. 
C-16 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

24. Renumbered (H)(3) through (H)(12) and checked for cross references in the rule for all 

(H) references. 

25. ASTM Test method updated from “the latest EPA approved revision” to 2008 version. 

§(H) numbering corrected. 

26. Included complete SCAQMD title and EPA approval date. §(H) numbering corrected. 

27. Removed (i) and renumbered (ii) and (iii) as requested. Checked rule for section 

citation cross references. 

28. This was probably an overlooked reference to when the AVAQMD actually was part of 

SCAQMD. Corrected as requested. 

29. Corrected as requested. 

30. Corrected as requested. 

31. Removed (I) cross references in this subsection. 

32. Corrected as requested. 

33. “10 tons per calendar year” not changed after discussion with USEPA. This limit in 

CTG applies to work practices, not material limits. Added “but 300 grams per liter after 

(mm/dd/yy)” for consistency with (C)(2)(b). 

34. Corrected as requested. 
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 D-1

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

APPENDIX "D" 

CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 

DOCUMENTATION

(to be included as available) 

1. Notice of Exemption – Los Angeles County, posted 12/04/13 
D-2 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

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AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

D-3

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 
D-4 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

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.
AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 E-1

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14 

APPENDIX "E" 

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following documents were consulted in the preparation of this staff report and the proposed 

adoption of Rule 1130 and the rescission of Rule 1128: 

Statutes and Regulations 

EPA-450/2-76-028 (1976/11) – Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary 

Sources – Volume I: Control Methods for Surface Coating Operations 

EPA-450/2-77-008 (1977/05) – Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary 

Sources – Volume II: Surface Coating of Cans, Coils, Paper, Fabrics, Automobiles, and Light-Duty 

Trucks 

EPA-450/2-78-033 (1978/12) – Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary 

Sources – Volume III: Graphic Arts-Rotogravure and Flexography 

EPA-450/3-92-013 (1992/04) – Control of VOC Emissions from Ink and Paint Manufacturing 

Processes 

EPA 453/R-06-002 2006/09 – Control Techniques Guidelines for Offset Lithographic Printing and 

Letterpress Printing 

EPA 453/R-06-003 – Control Techniques Guidelines for Flexible Packaging Printing 

EPA 453/R-07-003 – Control Techniques Guidelines for Paper, Film, and Foil Coatings 

40 CFR 63 – National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Paper and other Web 

Coating; Proposed Rule (September 13, 2000) 

40 CFR 63 – National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Printing, Coating, and Dyeing 

of Fabrics and other Textiles; Final Rule (May 29, 2003) 

40 CFR 63 Subpart KK – National Emissions Standards for the Printing and Publishing Industry 

40 CFR 63 Subpart QQ – Standards of Performance for the Graphic Arts Industry: Publication 

Rotogravure Printing 

40 CFR 63 Subpart RR – Standards of Performance for Pressure Sensitive Tape and Label Surface 

Coating Operations 
E-2 AVAQMD Rules 1130 and 1128 

Final Staff Report, 01/06/14

Local Air Districts 

Regulation 8, Rule 20: Graphic Arts Printing and Coating Operations (Bay Area Air Quality 

Management District, amended November 19, 2008) 

Staff Report for Proposed Amendments to Regulation 8, Rule 20: Graphic Arts Printing and Coating 

Operations (Bay Area Air Quality Management District, October 2008) 

Rule 450 – Graphic Arts Operations (Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District, 

amended 10/23/2008) 

Rule 4607 – Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coatings (San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution 

Control District, amended 12/18/2008) 

Attachments for Agenda Item regarding Rule 4607 amendments (San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution 

Control District, 12/18/2008) 

Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts (South Coast Air Quality Management District, March 6, 1992) 

Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts (South Coast Air Quality Management District, October 8, 1999) 

Attachments for Agenda Item Regarding Rule 1130 – Graphic Arts (South Coast Air Quality 

Management District, October 8, 1999) 

SIP Citations 

Rule 1130 (South Coast Air Quality Management District, for Blythe/Palo Verde Valley) 

 58 FR 50884, Limited approval/limited disapproval of 03/06/92 version 

 59 FR 17697, Finalizing Limited approval, limited disapproval of 03/06/92 version 

 60 FR 55312/55314/55354, Approval of Rule 1130 

Rule 1130.1 (South Coast Air Quality Management District, for Blythe/Palo Verde Valley) 

 61 FR 43976, Withdrawal 

Rule 1117 (Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District) 

 61 FR 18962 

Miscellaneous 

EPA Method 24 – Determination of Volatile Matter Content, Water Content, Density, Volume Solids, 

and Weight Solids of Surface Coatings.