Army Research Laboratory 

Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 2 1005-5069 

ARL-TR-2359 October 2000 

Uniaxial Compression of TNT 

and Comp-B at Strain Rates of 

0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 s-l 

Michael G. Leodore and Frederick B. Pierce 

Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, ARL 

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.. 
Abstract 

Two lots of TNT and Comp-B explosives were tested in uniaxial compression at 

strain rates of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 s-‘. The materials were tested at 21 “C to an end 

strain of 80%. The stress at failure, strain at failure, compressive modulus, failure 

modulus, incremental energy density, and the fracture assessment values were recorded 

for each test. 

ii 
Table of Contents 

pane 

List of Figures . . . . . . . . ..*...~...............*....~.***........*.*..*........~.........*.****............~~.*.......~..~. V 

List of Tables ~~*.~............f........*..*..*..**............~.....f......f.....*.***...........*.f..........1......~.~ V 

5 

1. Introduction . ..~.......................................~..~.. . . . . . . . ..*.***............*~.........l.l.....~..*.***.**... 1 

r 2. Approach and Results ~~~.~..~........~....................~~.~~......~~ . . . . . ..*.*f......*....*.*~.*....*.......... 1 

3. Conclusions . . . . . . ..f......***.*..............*...*..... ..~.~.~~..~.~~.....~.................~.~.~~~~.~~........~....... 1 

4. References .. . . ..**.**............*~..~.~~f............f..***.**...........~..............*.***..........*................. 9 

Appendix: Quasi-Similar Materials Tested in Uniaxlal Compression 

at 21 “C Using Strain Rates of 100.0 s-l . . . . . ..~.........~~~~~~~..............~~..........~...~~~..~.... 

Distrlbutlon Llst . . . . . . . . ..~........~.~..~..~.~~~..........~.~ . ..~.......~........~..~.....~....~~..........~~.~~.....~ 

Report Documentation Page .. . . . . . . . . . ..~~.....~...........~....~........~.......~..~.~.~~~..~~............~.. 

11 

15 

35 

. . . 

111 

List of Figures 

. 

Fime & 

1. Material Testing System for Energetic Materials _...f.._f.............._....._____________________.fff 2 

2. Energetic Material Being Loaded for Testing . . . . . . ..f..........._....._..._...f.ff..............f.....__ 3 

3. TNT and Comp-B Stress vs. Strain Plot ..~......._.._..._..._..__..........f.f...~...... f . . ..___.__________ 5 

4. 

5. 

Photograph of Tested Comp-B Materials . .._...__.._.f_.....~.........~.........ff_f..__.._._..._..___.,_, 6 

Photograph of Tested TNT Materials .._.______..._..__._...~......~...............~......_.._.__.__..___._.. 7 

List of Tables 

Table 

1. MTS SHT Mechanical Properties Test _._..._.f.f_.._.............~f...........ff._.f._._...___.._._.___.._. 4 

A-l. Mechanical Response of Detasheet and AX Classic HE at Strain Rates 

of 100.0 s-’ _. ff.*....~~..-.--....---..~~~-----ff-..----f..f...ff.....f..*~..~ffff..~~~.--.-~.---..-....~....f~.f..f.f...~ff. 13 

A-2 Mechanical Response of JA2 Gun Propellant at Strain Rates of 100.0 s-l ....f._____._._ 13 
hTENTIONllLLY LEITBIANK. 
1. Introduction 

The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, received two 

lots of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and Composition-B (Comp-B) high-explosive molded pellets that 

had been cast into right-circular cylinders. Both lots had diameters of 9.80 mm. The explosives 

were shipped to Dr. Robert Lieb at ARL and were last tested for mechanical response evaluation 

during April/May 1999. It was decided by Dr. Pat Baker, also of ARL, that uniaxial compressive 

testing at strain rates of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 s-l, while conditioned at 21 OC and ambient 

pressure, would be performed on the materials to 80% end strain. 

2. Approach and Results 

The TNT and Comp-B high-explosive lots were received as right-circular cylinders or pellets 

that had been cast by the Explosives Modeling Facility on Spesutie Island at ARL. The cast 

materials were cut into test specimens using a double-bladed low-speed Isomet diamond saw that 

resulted in test specimens with a length-to-diameter ratio of 1.61 and a mass of 1.780 grams. 

The Material Testing Systems (MTS) Servo-Hydraulic Tester (SHT) (Figures 1 and 2) was 

used to conduct MTS SHT mechanical properties tests [l-9] on five specimens per lot, per strain 

rate (40 tests) at 21 “C. Strain rates of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 s-’ were achieved. The 

specimens were taken to 80% end strain while at ambient pressure. The stress at failure, the 

strain at failure, the modulus. the failure mnduhs. the incremental energy density, and the 

fracture assessment values were recorded for each test. The average engineered values recorded 

and the standard deviations are listed in Table 1. 

3. Conclusions 

Two lots of TNT and Comp-B high-explosive molded pellets were received at ARL. The 

lots were cut into right-circular cylinder test specimens with a length-to-diameteratio of 1.61 

Figure 2. Energetic Material Being Loaded for Testing. 

and a mass of I .780 g. The specimens \vere tested in ttniaxial compression to 80% cnci sh-ain 

using shin ralcs of 0.1. I .O, 1O.C). and 100.0 s ’ (Figure 3) while conditioned at 2 1 “C. 

‘l’he ‘I‘N I’ and C’oq~-B spccttnct~s tcstcd aI 0. I s ’ sktin rate shwved poor mcchantcal 

tntcgrity. only xhicving -3.0 MPa stress at failure anti -2.0% strain bcforc ti-actitrin~‘/cuilapsin~ 

into smaller shards and pxvdcrcd rcmains (Figttrcs 4 and 5). A visual obserLation of Ihc tested 

rcmaitts suggcskd Ihe TNT and Comp-B materials iikciy iackcd hit&x constiluen(s which n~ouid 

inipro\,c the nicclianical strutigI1~ and colicsioti of Ihc specinicns. Tlw TN~I‘ stress at failure and 

t~~oduius values \\xxe slightly higher than the Camp-H wl~~es, possibly due to the differcnccs in 

tltc Ibt-muMion of the TNT and Conlp-B lots. 

At I .O s ’ strain rate, the TNT and ConpR stt-css at faiiut-c vaittes si~owcd a stnall ittcrcasc 

\\,itctt cotnparittg I~C shess ~~alttes achic\,cd at 0. I s ’ strain rate. The cotnpressiw tiiodultts and 

failure ~noclulus \.alucs also sl~o\\~cti Itighcr \.alucs. The increased values xhicvcd wx a rcsuit 

of the higher strain rate anti indicated the ‘INI’ and Camp-B lots slm\\~ctl strain ralc sctlsiri\,ity. 
Table 1. MTS SHT Mechanical Properties Test 

Lot Number 

Stress at Strain at 

Failure Failure Modulus FMOD” IEDb FAV 

(MW VW (GPa) (GW NW 

(3 w w w (a 

at 21 “C 

I.1 s-l 

rNT 3.98 I *9il 0.304 -0.216 0.109 7ASd 

4BY99C03 15009 0.67 0.35 0.06 0.04 0.04 

I.1 s-’ 

Zomp-H 2.74 2.38 0.214 -0.163 0.179 7AS 

4BY99C03 1 SO 10 0.58 0.65 0.05 0.0 1 0.04 

1.0 s-l 

TNT 4,46 3.05 0.319 - 0.228 0.186 7AS 

ABY99C03 1 SO09 0.33 0.56 0.03 , 0.03 0.04 

1.0 s-l 

Comp-B 4.61 2.28 0,232 0.207 0.248 7AS 

ABY99C031SOlO 0.79 0.30 0.03 0.02 0.03 

10.0 s-’ 

TNT 4.16 2.82 0.2.81 -0.186 0.268 7AS 

ABY99C03 1 SO09 1.40 0.77 O.Q6 0.04 0.03 

10.0 s- ’ 

Comp-B 5.47 2.27 0.272 ‘- 0.337 0.364 7AS 

ABY99C031SOlO 0.53 0.85 0.0s 0.10 0.1 1 

100.0 s- ’ 

TNT 7.8 I 3.49 0.448 - 0.373 0.457 7AS 

ABY99C03 1 SO09 1.60 1.01 0.19 0.11 0.09 

100.0 s-l 

Comp-B 5.54 2.12 0.372 - 0.252 0.448 7AS 

ABY99C03 1 SO10 1.25 0.85 0.08 0.09 0.04 

The slope of the curve after yield. Generally, a negative value indicates the material is unable to sustain load. 

positive value indicates a positive failure slope (i.e., material is better able to support load). 

b The IED (incremental energy derrsity) value repo&d is the amount of energy absorbed at 25% strain. 

includes a portion of the area located under the stress/strain curve (Figure 3). 

This 

’ The tested specimens rvcre assigned a fracture assessment value (FAV). The values assigned range from 0 (no 

~r,7ctur~/splitting;barreting) hrough 9 (severe fracture/splitting/barreling). 

* The mode of failure was also characterized using the following: 

A = axial fracture, S = shear fracture, B = barreling, R = radial splitting (i.e., 7AS would indicate the tested 

specimens suffered moderate to severe amounts of axial and shear fracture damage). 
10/27/00 

wlb UNIAXIAL COMPRESSJON TESTS 07l5B AM 

-- 

-. - 

-- L i 

A.00 +10.00 

STRAIN (%) ab 

Figure 3. TNT and Comp-B Stress vs. Strain Plot. 

The tested specimens yielded similar fracture damage, shards, and powdered remains, as was 

observed at 0.1 s-’ strain rate. 

At 10.0 s-’ strain rate, the TNT stress and modulus showed a slight decrease when comparing 

the 10.0 s-’ with the 0.1 and 1 .O s-’ strain rate values. This was atypical as slight increases wcrc 

expected. Specimen irregularities and void content could account for the uncxpcctcd dccrcasc in 

stress and modulus results. The standard deviation numbers were slightly higher than usual for 

the TNT lot at 10.0 s ’ strain rate indicating more spread in the values achieved. The Comp-B 

stress at failure and modulus values at 10.0 s ’ showed increases when comparing the values 

achieved at 0.1 and 1 .O s-’ strain rates. 

At 100.0 s-’ strain rate, both lots showed significant increases in the stress at failure and 

modulus values. This was likely due to the increased strain rate and suggested that the TNT and 
T 

Figure 4. Photograph of Tested Comp-B Materials. 

Comp-B lots were somewhat sensitive to the increased strain rate. Significant increases were 

also noted in the standard deviation values at 100.0 s-’ strain rate. 

The fracture assessment values (FAV) indicated the amount of physical damage visually 

observed in the tested materials (Figures 2 and 3). It was noted that the FAVs were similar at all 

four strain rates. This was likely due to secondary loading after initial failure as the specimens 

were subjected to 80% end strain. Additional testing at -10% end strain with closed bomb 

burning is recommended to determine more accurate fracture assessment and surface area 

evaluation. 

The appendix contains several lots of quasi-similar materials that were tested in uniaxial 

compression at 2 1 “C using strain rates of 100.0 s-‘. The values may be used for comparing the 

TNT UJ Cur~l>-B L.&KS a&icucd at 100.0 5-l strain ralc. 

6 
- 

_..... 

. ,-. *. -. .*.. -.. 
IN-~-E~J~~ONALLY LEFT- BLANK. 
4. References 

1. Gazonas, G. A. “The Mechanical Response of M30, XM39, and JA2 Propellants at Strain 

Rates from lo-* to 250 Set-‘.” BRL-TR-3181, U.S. Army Ballistics Research Laboratory, 

Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, January 199 1. 

2. Lieb, R. J. “Impact-Generated Surface Area in Gun Propellant.” BRL-TR-2946, 

U.S. Army Ballistics Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, November 

1988. 

3. Lieb, R. J., and J. J. Rocchio. “‘High Strain Rate Mechanical Properties Testing on Lots of 

Solid Gun Propellant With Deviant Interior Ballistic Performance.” 1982 JANNAF 

Structures and Mechanical Behavior Subcommittee Meeting, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 

MD, pp+ 23-38,1982. 

4. Leadore, M. G. “MTS Servo-Hydraulic Tester (SHT) Mechanical Properties Evaluation of 

M43 Propellants.” ARL-TN-5, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 

MD, March 1993. 

5. Leadore, M. G., and C. J. Gillich. “Material Testing System (MTS) Servo-Hydraulic Tester 

(SHT) Mechanical Response of Energetic Thermal Plastic Elastomer (ETPE) RDX Based 

Propellants.” ARL-TN-28, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 

MD, April 1994. 

6. Lieb, R. J. Personal communication. U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving 

Ground, MD, October 1999. 

7. Leadore, M. G. “Mechanical Response of JAG, RPD351, and RPD351MOD High-Energy 

Gun Propellant.” ARL-TN-56, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 

MD, August 1995. 

8. Lieb, R. J., and M. G. Leadore. “Mechanical Response Comparison of Gun Propellants 

Evaluated Under Equivalent Time-Temperature Conditions.” ARL-TR-228, U.S. Army 

Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, September 1993. 

9. Leadore, M. G. “High-Strain Rate Mechanical Response of Composition Explosive AX 

Classic with 2:1, 3:1, and 4:l Plasticizer-to-Binder Ratio.” ARL-MR-365, U.S. Army 

Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, September 1997. 
hTENTIONALLY WBLANK. 
Appendix: 

Quasi-Similar Materials 

Tested in biaxial Compression 

at 21 OC Using Strain Rates of 100.0 s-l 

Table A-l. Mechanical Response of Detasheet and AX Classic HE at Strain Rates 

of 100.0 s-l 

Lot Number 

at 21 “C 

100.0 s-l 

Detasheet C-6 

SN137500A013496 

100.0 s-l 

AX Classic 

4X26SE96Gl-00 1 

l/4 RDWPETN 

Maximum 

Stress At Strain Modulus FMOD FAV 

WW W) @Pa) (GM 

(3 (3 (3 (3 (3 

98.91 69.04 0.0515 0.315 2.06 7l3 

5.65 3.05 0.001 0.002 0.013 

12.75 64.34 0.0095 - 0.098 0.550 0 

0.91 3.55 0.004 0.002 0.035 

Table A-2. Mechanical Response of JA2 Gun Propellant at Strain Rates of 100.0 s-l 

Lot Number 

at 21 “C 

Stress at 

Failure 

NW 

Strain at Failure 

Failure Modulus Modulus FAV 

(%I @Pa) WW 

100.0 s -l 

RAD-PE-472- 123 22.23 3.52 0.673 0.030 4.94 3B 

JA2 Granular 1.78 0.32 0.088 0.002 0.34 

100.0 s-l 

RAD-PDI-002- 1 F 23.58 4.55 0.574 0.049 5.28 2B 

JA2 Stick 0.55 0.17 0.03 1 0.005 0.13 

13 
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AMSELRDNVCMCCD 

R ADAMS 

R MCLEAN 

A YINGST 

AMSEL RD NV VISP 

E JACOBS 

10221 BURBECK RD 

FT BELVOIR VA 22060-5806 

2 CDR US ARMY AMCOM 

AVIATION APPLIED TECH DIR 

J SCHUCK 

FT EUSTIS VA 23604-5577 

1 USARMYCRREL 

P DUITA 

72LYMERD 

HANOVER NH 03755 

1 us ARMYcERL 

RLAMPO 

2902 NEWMARK DR 

CHAMPAIGN IL 61822 

2 US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 

CERDCTLHJ 

CEWETTTAN 

20 MASS AVE NW 

WASHINGTON DC 203 14 

10 DIRECTOR 

USARMYNATLGRNDJNT’ELCTR 

D LETTER 

SEITELMAN 

M HOLTUS 

M WOLFE 

SMINGLEDORF 

H C ARDLEIGH 

J GASTON 

W GSTATTENBAUER 

RWARNER 

JCRIDER 

220 SEVENTH STREET NE 

CHARLO’ITESVILLE VA 22091 

20 
NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

6 US ARMY SBCCOM 

SOLDIER SYSTEMS CTR 

BAJLISTICS TEAM 

JWARD 

MARINE CORPS TEAM 

J MAcKlEwIcz 

BUS AREA ADVOCACY TEAM 

w HASKELL 

SSCNC WST 

W NYKVIST 

TMERRIU 

S BEAUDOIN 

KANSAS ST 

NATICKMA 01760-5019 

1 US ARMY COLD REGIONS 

RSCH & ENGRNG LAB 

P DUTTA 

72LYMERD 

HANOVER NH 03755 

1 SYSTEM MANAGER ABRAMS 

ATZKTSLTCJHNUNN 

BLDG 1002 RM 110 

Fr KNOX KY 40121 

9 US ARMY RESEARCH OFFICE 

A CROWSON 

JCHANDRA 

HEVERETT 

J PRATER 

R SINGLETON 

G ANDERSON 

D STEPP 

DKISEROW 

JCHANG 

PO BOX 12211 

RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARR NC 

27709-2211 

1 DIRECTORATE OF CMBT 

DEVFLOPMENT 

C KJORO 

320 ENGINEER LOOP STE 141 

FT I.EONARD WOOD MO 65473-8929 

1 COMMANDANT 

US ARMY FIELD ARTRLERY CTR 

ATFS CD LTC BUMGARNER 

FT SlLL OK 73503 5600 

1 CHJEF USAIC 

LTC T J CUMMINGS 

ATZl3 COM 

F-T BENNING GA 3 1905-5800 

1 NAVAL AIR SYSTEMS CMD 

J THOMPSON 

48142SHAWRDUNlT5 

PATUXENT RIVER MD 20670 

1 NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE Cl”R 

DAHLGREN DIV CODE GO6 

DAHLGREN VA 22448 

1 NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CI’R 

TECH LIBRARY CODE 323 

17320 DAHLGREN RD 

DAHLGREN VA 22448 

3 NAVAL RESEARCH LAB 

I WOLGCK CODE 6383 

R BAD&LANCE CODE 6304 

L GAUSE 

WASHINGTON DC 20375 

1 NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CIR 

CRANE DMSION 

M JOHNSON CODE 2OH4 

LA3UISvILLE KY 402145245 

2 COMMANDER 

NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR 

CADEROCK DIVISION 

R PETERSON CODE 2020 

M CEUTCHFIZD CODE 1730 

BETHESDA MD 20084 

2 NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR 

u SORATHM 

C WILLIAMS CD 6551 

9500 MACARTHUR BLVD 

WEST BETHESDA MD 208 17 

23 
NO. OF 

COPIES B 

NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

1 DAVID TAYLOR RESEARCH CTR 

SHIE’ STRUCTURES & PROTECTION 

DEPARTMENT CODE 1702 

J CORRADO 

BETHESDA MD 20084 

2 DAVID TAYLOR RESEARCH CTR 

R ROCKWELL 

W PHYILLAIER 

BETHESDA MD 200545000 

1 OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH 

D SIEGEL CODE 351 

800 N QUINCY ST 

ARLINGTON VA 222 17-5660 

8 NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CI’R 

J FRANCIS CODE G30 

D WILSON CODE G32 

R D COOPER CODE G32 

J FRAYSSE CODE G33 

E ROWE CODE G33 

T DTJRAN CODE G33 

L DE SIMONE CODE G33 

R HUBBARD CODE G33 

DkdILGREN VA 22448 

1 NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS CMD 

D LlESE 

253 1 JEFFERSON DAVIS HIGHWAY 

ARLINGTON VA 22242-5 160 

1 NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE Cl-R 

M LACY CODE B02 

17320 DAHLGREN RD 

DAHLGREN VA 22448 

1 OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH 

JKELLY 

800 NORTH QUJNCEY ST 

ARLINGTON VA 222 17-5000 

2 NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CTR 

CARDEROCK DIVISION 

R CRANE CODE 2802 

C WILLIAMS CODE 6553 

3A LEGGETT CIR 

BETHESDA MD 20054-5000 

1 NAVSEA OJRI 

PEO DD21 PMSSOO 

G CAMPONESCHI 

235 1 JEFFERSON DAVIS H-WY 

ARLINGTON VA 22242-5 165 

1 EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE 

DIV NS5 

F SHOUP ; 

2000 NAVY PENTAGON 

WASHINGTON DC 20350-2000 

1 

1 AFRLMLBC 

2941 P STREET RM 136 

WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB OH 

45433-7750 

1 AFRLMUS 

R THOMSON 

2179 12TH STREET RM 122 

WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB OH 

45433-771s 

2 AFRL 

FABRAMS 

J BROWN 

BIDG 653 

2977 P STREET STE 6 

WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB OH 

45433-7739 

1 AFRLMLSOL 

L COULTER 

BLDG 100 BAY D 

7278 4TH STREET 

HILL AFB UT 84056-5205 

1 OSD 

JOINT CCD TEST FORCE 

OSD JCCD R WILLIAMS 

3909 HALts FERRY RD 

VICKSBURG MS 29180-6199 

1 DEFENSE NUCLEAR AGENCY 

INNOVATlVE CONCEPTS DIV 

R ROHR 

680 1 TELEGRAPH RD 

ALEXANJXIA VA 22310-3398 

22 
NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

1 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

WATERWAYS EXPERJMENT 

D SCOT-T 

3909 HALLS FERRY RD SC c 

VICKSBURG MS 39180 

DARPA 

M VANFOSSEN 

SWAX 

L CHRISTODOULOU 

3701 N FAIRFAX DR 

ARLINGTON VA 22203-1714 

SERDP PROGRAM OFC PM P2 

C PELLERIN 

B SMITH 

901 N STUART ST SUITE 303 

ARLINGTON VA 22203 

FAA 

MILHDBK17CHAIR 

L ILCEWICZ 

1601 LJND AVE SW 

ANM 115N 

RESTON VA 98055 

FAA TECH CTR 

D OPLINGER AAR 43 1 

P SHYPRYKEVICH AAR 431 

ATLANTIC CITY NJ 08405 

OFC OF ENVIRONMENTAL MGMT 

US DEPT OF ENERGY 

PRIlzCovAN 

19901 GERMANTOWN RD 

GERMANTOWN MD 20874-1928 

LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB 

F ADDESSIO 

MS B216 

PO BOX 1633 

LOS ALAMOS NM 87545 

OAK RIDGE NATL LAB 

R M DAVIS 

PO BOX 2008 

OAK RIDGE TN 3783 1-6195 

NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

5 DIRECTOR 

LAWRENCE LIVERMORE 

NATL LAB 

R CHRISTENSEN 

S DETERESA 

FMAGNESS 

M FINGER MS 313 

MMURPHYL282 

PO BOX 808 

LIVERMORJZ CA 94550 

7 NIST 

R PAF!NAS 

JDUNKERS 

M VANLANDINGHAM MS 8621 

J CHJN MS 8621 

D HUNSTON MS 8543 

J MARTIN MS 8621 

D DTJTHJNH MS 8611 

100 BUREAU DR 

GAJTHERSBURG MD 20899 

1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB 

C EBERLE MS 8048 

PO BOX 2009 

OAK RIDGE TN 37831 

1 OAKRJDGE NATL LAB 

C D WARREN MS 8039 

PO BOX 2009 

OAK RIDGE TN 37922 

3 DIRECTOR 

SANDIA NATL LABS 

ENG MECHANICS DEFT 

MS 9042 

J HANDROCK 

YRKAN 

J LAUFFER 

PO BOX 969 

LIVERMORE CA 9455 I-0969 

1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE 

NATIONAL LAB 

MMURPHY 

PO BOX 808 L 282 

LIVERMORE CA 94550 

23 
NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

3 NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH Cl?R 

MS 266 

AMSRL vs 

W ELBER 

F BARTLETT JR 

GFARLEY 

HAMPTON VA 23681-0001 

1 ,NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CTR 

T GATES MS 188E 

HAMPTON VA 2366 l-3400 

1 USDOT FEDERAL RAILROAD 

RDV 31 MFATEH 

WASHINGTON DC 20590 

1 DOT FHWA 

J SC400 SEVENTH ST SW 

3203 HNG 32 

WASHINGTON DC 20590 

1 FHWA 

EMUNLEY 

6300 GEORGETOWN PJKE 

MCLEAN VA 22101 

1 CENT&U INTELLIGENCE AGENCY 

OTI WDAG GT 

WLWALTMAN 

PO BOX 1925 

WASHINGTON DC 20505 

1 MARINE CORPS JNTELACIY 

D KOSJTZKE 

3300 RUSSELL RD SUlTE 250 

QUANTICO VA 22134-5011 

1 NATL GRND INTELLJGENCE CTR 

DJRECTOR 

IANGTMT 

220 SEVENTH ST NE 

cwARLolTESVJLLE VA 22902-5396 

1 DIRECTOR 

DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY 

TASKCRELLCNG 

WASHINGTON DC 203 10 

NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

1 GRAPJ3iTE MASTERS JNC 

JWIUJS 

3815 MEDFORD ST 

LOS ANGELES CA 90063-1900 

1 ADVANCED GLASS FJBER YARNS 

T COLLINS 

281 SPRJNGRUNLNSTEA 

DOWNJNGTON PA 19335 

1 COMPOSlTE MATERIALS INC 

D SHORT-T 

19105 63 AVE NE 

PO BOX 25 

ARLINGTON WA 98223 

1 COMPOSITE MA- INC 

R HOLLAND 

11 JEWEL COURT 

ORINDA CA 94563 

1 COMPOSITE MATERIALS rNc 

CRLEY 

14530 S ANSON AVE 

SANTA FE SPRINGS CA 90670 

2 COMPOSIX 

DBLAKE 

L DIXON 

120 ONEILLDR 

HEBRUN OHIO 43025 

4 CYTECFJBERJTE 

RDUNNE 

D KOHLJ 

M GlLUO 

RMAYHEW 

1300 RBVOLTJTION ST 

HAVREDEGRACEMD21078 

2 SlMLTLA 

J COLTMAN 

RHUYETT 

10016 S 51ST ST 

PHOENJX AZ 85044 

1 SIOUX MFG 

BKFiIEL 

PO BOX 400 

FT TOTTEN ND 58335 

l - 

24 
NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

2 PROTECTION MATERIALS MC 

MMIUER 

F CRILLEY 

14OOONW58CT 

MIAMILAKES FL 33014 

3 FOSTER MILLER 

J J GASSNER 

M ROYLANCE 

WZUKAS 

195 BEARJZLLRD 

WALTHAM MA 02354- 1196 

1 ROM DEVELOPMENT CORP 

ROMEARi 

136 SWINEBURNE ROW 

BRICKMARKET PLACE 

NEWPORT FU 02840 

2 TEXTRON SYSTEMS 

T FOLTZ 

MTREASURE 

201 LOm ST 

WILMINGTON MA 08870-2941 

1 J-PS GLASS 

L CARTER 

PO BOX 260 

SLATERRD 

SLATER SC 29683 

1 0 GAk4 HESS & EISENHARDT 

M GILLESPIE 

9113LESAlNTDR 

FAIRFIBJD OH 45014 

2 MILLKEN RESEARCH CORF 

HKUHN 

MMACLEOD 

PO BOX 1926 

SPARTANBURG SC 29303 

1 CONNEAUGHT INDUSTRIES INC 

J SANTOS 

PO BOX 1425 

COVENTRY RI 02816 

1 BAT’TELIE 

C R HARGREAVES 

505 KING AVE 

COLUMBUS OH 43201-2681 

2 BATTELLE NATICK OPERATIONS 

J CONNORS 

BHALPIN 

209 W CENTRAL ST 

STE 302 

NATICK MA 01760 

1 BATIELLE NW DOE PNNL 

THALLMSK231 

BATTBLLE BLVD 

RI- WA 99352 

3 PACIFIC NORTHWEST LAB 

MSMITH 

G VAN ARSDALE 

R SHIPPELL 

PO BOX 999 

RICHLAND WA 99352 

1 ARMTEC DEFENSE PRODUCTS 

S DYER 

85 901 AVE 53 

PO BOX 848 

COACHELLA CA 92236 

2 ADVANCED COMPOSlTE 

M.ATL3 CORP 

P HOOD 

J RHODES 

1525 S BUNCOMBE RD 

GREER SC 2965 l-9208 

2 GLCC MC 

JR4Y 

M BRADLEY 

103 TRADE ZONE DR 

STE 26C 

WEST COLUMBIA SC 29170 

2 AMOCO PERFORMANCE 

PRODUCTS 

MMXCHNOJR 

J BANISAUKAS 

4500 MCGINNIS FERRY RD 

ALPHARETTA GA 30202-3944 

25 
NO. OF 

COPIES B 

1 SAIC 

M PALMER 

2109AJRPARKRDSE 

ALBUQUERQUE NM 87 106 

1 SAIC 

G CHRYSSOMALUS 

3800 W SOTH ST STE 1090 

BLOOMINGTON MN 5543 1 

1 A4I CORPORATION 

T G STASTNY 

PO BOX 126 

HUNT VALLEY MD 21030-0126 

1 JOHN HEBERT 

PO BOX 1072 

HUNT VALLEY MD 21030-0126 

12 ALTL4NT TECHSYSTEMS INC 

c CANDIAND 

CAAKHCJS 

R BECKER 

BSEE 

N-S 

R DOHRN 

S HAGLUND 

D FISHER 

WWOFmELL 

R COPENHAFER 

M HISSONG 

DKAMDAR 

6002NJD STNE 

HOPIUNS MN 55343-8367 

3 ALUANT TECHSYSTEMS INC 

J CONDON 

E LYNAM 

J GERHARD 

WV01 16 STATE RT 956 

PO BOX 210 

ROCKET CENTER WV 26726-02 10 

1 APPLIED COMPOSJIES 

W GRISCH 

333 NORTH SIXTH ST 

ST CHARLES IL 60174 

.NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

1 PROJECTILE TECHNOLOGY JNC 

515 GILES ST 

HAVREDEGRACEMD 21078 

1 CUSTOM ANALYTICAL 

ENG SYS INC 

AALEXANDER 

13000 TENSOR LN NE 

FLINTSTONE MD 21530 

2 LORAL VOUGHT SYSTEMS 

G JACKSON 

K COOK 

1701 W MARSHALLDR 

GRAND PRAJRIE TX 7505 1 

5 AEROJET GEN CORP 

D PJLLASCH 

T COULTER 

CFLYNN 

D RUBAREZUL 

M GREINER 

1100 WEST HOLLYVALE ST 

AZUSA CA 91702-0296 

3 HEXCELINC 

R BOE 

F POLJJ POESCH 

PO BOX 9X 

MAGNA UT 84044 

3 HERCUIES INC 

GKUEBELER 

JVERMEYCHUK 

BMANDERVILLEJR 

HERCULES PLAZA 

WILMINGTON DE 19894 

1 BRIGS COMPANY 

J BACKOFEN 

2668 F’ETERBOROUGH ST 

HERNDON VA 2207 l-2443 

1 ZERNOW TECHNICAL SERVICES 

LZERNOW 

425 W BONJTA AVE STE 208 

SAN DIMAS CA 9 1773 

26 
NO. OF NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION COPIES ORGANJZATION 

2 OLIN COReORATION 

FLWCHBAUGH DlV 

E STEINER 

B STEWART 

PO BOX 127 

RED LION PA 17356 

1 OIJN CORPORATION 

LWHLTMORE 

101019TH ST NORTH 

ST PETERSBURG FL 33702 

1 DOW UT 

S TIDRICK 

15 STERLING DR 

WALLTNGFORD CT 06492 

5 SIKORSKY AIRCRAFT 

G JACARUSO 

T CARSTENSAN 

BRAY 

S GARBO M S S330A 

JADELMANN 

6900 MAIN ST 

PO BOX 9729 

STRATFORD CT 06497-9729 

1 PRATT&WmTNEY 

DHAMBRICK 

400MAlNSTMS 11437 

EAST HARTFORD CT 06 108 

1 AEROSPACE CORP 

G HAWKINS M4 945 

2350 EEL SEGUNDO BLVD 

EL SEGUNDO CA 90245 

2 CYTECFIBERlTE 

MLIN 

WWEB 

14d0NKRAEMERBLVD 

ANAHEIM CA 92806 

1 HEXCEL 

T BllZER 

11711 DUBLIN BLVD 

DUBLIN CA 94568 

1 BOEING 

R BOHLMANN 

PO BOX 516 MC 5021322 

ST LOUIS MO 63 166-05 16 

2 BOEING DEFENSE 

& SPACE GRP 

WHAMMOND 

J RUSSELL 

s 4X55 

PO BOX 3707 

SEATTLE WA 98 124-2207 

2 BOEING ROTORCRAFT 

P MINGURT 

P HANDEL 

800 I3 PUTNAM BLVD 

WALLINGFORD PA 19086 

1 BOEING 

DOUGLAS PRODUCTS DIV 

LJHARTSMITH 

3855 LAKEWOOD BLVD 

D800 0019 

LONG BEACH CA 90846-0001 

1 LGCKEIEEDMARTIN 

SREEVE 

8650 COBB DR 

D 73 62 MZ 0648 

MARIETTA GA 300630648 

1 LOCKHEEDMARTIN 

sKIJNKwoFKs 

D FORTNEY 

1011 LOCKKEED WAY 

PALMDALE CA 93599-2502 

1 LOCKkBZDMARTIN 

RFIELDS 

1195IRWIN(JT 

WINTER SPRINGS FL 32708 

1 MATERIAU SCIENCES CORP 

B W ROSEN 

500 OFFTCE CENTER DR STE 250 

FORT WASHINGTON PA 19034 

27 
NO. OF 

COPES ORGANIZATION 

NO. OF 

COPIES B 

1 NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP 

ELECTRONIC SENSORS & 

SYSTEMS DIV 

E SCHOCH 

MAILSTOP V 16 

1745A WEST NURSERY RD 

LlNmcuM MD 21090 

2 NORTHROP GRUMMAN 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS 

R OSTERMAN 

AYEN 

8900 E WASHINGTON BLVD 

PICO RNERA CA 90660 

1 UNlTED DEFENSE LP 

DMARTIN 

PO BOX 359 

SANTA CLARA CA 95052 

1 UNITED DEFENSE LP 

GTHOMAS 

PO BOX 58123 

SANTA CLARA CA 95052 

2 UNITED DEFENSE LP 

R BARRETT 

V HORVATICH 

MAIL DROP M53 

328 W BROKAW RD 

SANTA CLARA CA 95052-0359 

3 UNITED DEFENSE LP 

GROUND SYSTEMS DIVISION 

M PEDRAiZ MAE. DROP NO9 

ALEEMAlLDROPNll 

M MACLEAN MAIL DROP NO6 

1205 COLEMAN AVE 

SANTA CLARA CA 95052 

4 UNlTED DEFENSE LP 

4800 EAST RIVER RD 

R BRYNSVOLD 

P JANKEMS170 

T GIOVANETTI MS236 

B VAN WYK MS389 

MINNEAPo~s MN 55421-1498 

2 GENERAL DYNAMICS 

LAND SYSTEMS 

D REES 

M PASJK 

PO BOX 2074 

WARREN MI 48090-2074 

1 GENERAL DYNAMICS 

LAND SYSTEMS 

D BARTLB 

PO BOX 1901 

WARREN MI 48090 

1 GENERALDYNAMICS 

LAND SYSTEMS 

MUSKEGON OPERiTIONS 

W SOMMERS JR 

76 GETTY ST 

MUSKEGON MJ 49442 

1 GENERAL DYNAMICS 

AMFmB10us SYS 

suRvrvABIL.lTY LEAD 

G WAIKBR 

991 ANNAF’OLJS WAY 

WOODBRIDGE VA 22191 

5 INST FOR ADVANCED TECH 

TKIEHNE 

HFAIR 

P SULLIVAN 

WREINECKE 

I MCNAB 

40302WBR4KERLN 

AUSTIN TX 78759 

2 CIVILENGR RSCH FOUNDATION 

H BERNSTEIN PRESIDENT 

RBELLB 

1015 15TH ST NW STE 600 

WASHiNGTON DC 20005 

1 ARROW TECH ASS0 

1233 SHBLBURNE RD STE D 8 

SOUTH BTJRLLNGTON VT 

05403-7700 

28 
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COPIES ORGANIZATION COPIES 

1 CONSULTANT 

R EICHELBERGER 

409 W CATHERINE ST 

BEL AIR MD 21014-3613 

1 UCLA MANE DEPT ENGR l-V 

H THOMAS HAHN 

LOS ANGELES CA 90024-1597 

2 UNIV OF DAYTON RESEARCH INST 

RANYKIM 

AJITKROY 

300 COLLEGE PARK AVE 

DAYTON OH 45469-0168 

1 MIT 

P IAGACE 

77 MASS AVE 

CAMBRIDGE MA 01887 

1 IIT RESEARCH CIR 

D ROSE 

201 MZL ST 

ROME NY 13440-6916 

1 GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH INST 

GEORGLA INST OF TECHNOLOGY 

P FRIEDERICH 

ATLANTA GA 30392 

1 MICHIGAN ST UNIV 

R AVERILL 

3515 EB MSM DEPT 

EAST LANSING MI 488241226 

1 UNIVOFKENTUCKY 

L PENN 

763 ANDERSON HALL 

LEXINGTON KY 40506-0046 

1 UNIV OF WYOMING 

DADAMS 

PO BOX 3295 

LARAMIEWY 82071 

ORGANIZATION 

UNIVOFUTAH 

DEFT OF MECH & INDUSTRIAL 

ENGR 

S SWANSON 

SALTUKECIIYUT 84112 

PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV 

RMCNITT 

C BMS 

227 HAMMOND BLDG 

UNIVERSITY PARK PA 16802 

PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV 

RENATA S ENGEL 

245 HAMMOND BLDG 

UNIVERSITY PARK PA 16801 

PURDUEUNIV 

SCHOOL OF AERO & ASTRO 

CTSUN 

W LAFAYETTE IN 47907-1282 

STANFORD UNtV 

DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS 

AND AEROBALWSTICS 

DURANT BUILDING 

S TSAI 

STANFORD CA 94305 

UNlV OF DAYTON 

JMWHLTNEY 

COLLEGE PARK AVE 

DAYTON OH 45469-0240 

7 UNIV OF DEMWARE 

CIR FOR COMF’OSlTE MATRLS 

J GJLLESPIE 

M SANTARE 

G PALMESE 

S YARLAGADDA 

s ADVANI 

D HEIDER 

DKUKICH 

20 1 SPENCER LABORATORY 

NEWARK DE 19716 

29 
NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

1 UNIV OF ILLINOIS 

AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN 

NATL CTR FOR COMPOSITE 

MATEW RESEARCH 

2 16 TALBOT LABORATORY 

J ECONOMY 

104 S WRIGHT ST 

URBANAIL 

3 THE UNIV OF TEXAS 

AT AUSTIN 

CTR FOR ELECIROMECHANICS 

J PRJCE 

AWAWS 

JIUTZMILLER 

10100 BURNET RD 

AUSTIN TX 78758-4497 

3 VA POLYTECHNICAL INST 

STATE UNIV 

DEFT OF ESM 

MWHYER 

K REIFSNIDER 

R JONES 

BLACKSBURG VA 24061-0219 

1 NORTH CAROLINA STATE 

CIVIL ENGINBERING DEPT 

W RASDORF 

PO BOX 7908 

=IGH NC 27696-7908 

1 UNIVOFMARYL4ND 

DEPT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERJNG 

ANTHONY J VlZZNJ 

COLLEGE PARK MD 20742 

1 DREXELUNIV 

ALBERT S D WANG 

32ND AND CHESTNUT STREETS 

PHILADELPHIA PA 19104 

1 SOUTHWBST RSCH INST 

ENGR & MATL SCIENCES DIV 

J RIBGEL 

6220 CULEBRA RD 

PO DRAWER 285 10 

SAN ANTONIO TX 78228-05 10 

1 COMMANDER 

us ARMY MATERIEL SYS 

ANALYSIS 

P DIET2 

392 HOPKINS RD 

AMXSY TD 

APG MD 21005-5071 

1 DIRECTOR 

US ARMY RESEARCHLAB 

AMSRLOPAPL 

APG MD 21005 5066 

115 DIRUSARL 

AMSRL CI 

AMSRL CI H 

WSTUREK 

AMSRLCIS 

AMARK 

AMSRLCS IOFI 

MADAMSON 

AMSRL SL B 

JSMITH 

AMSRL SLBA 

AMSRL SL BL 

D BELY 

RHENRY 

AMSRL SL BG 

A YOUNG 

AMSRL SL I 

AMSRLWMB 

A HORST 

E SCHMIDT 

AMSRLWM BA 

WDAMICO 

F BRANDON 

AMSRLWM BC 

P PLOSTINS 

D LYON 

JNE%Zt.d 

S WKKERSON 

AZIBLJNSKI 

AMSRL WM BD 

B FORCH 

RFJFER 

R PESCE RODRIGUEZ 

BRICE 

30 
NO. OF 

COPIES ORGANIZATION 

ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND CCONT) 

AMSRLWMBE 

GWREN 

cLEvEl2ITr 

D KOOKER 

AMSRLWMBR 

C SHOEMAKER 

J BORNSTEIN 

AMSRLWMM 

DVIECLlXNla 

G HAGNAUER 

J MCCAULEY 

B TANNER 

AMSRLWMMA 

R SHUFORD 

P TOUCHET 

N BECKTAN 

D FLANAGAN 

L GHIORSE 

DHARRJS 

S MCKNIGHT 

P MOY 

S NGYLJEN 

P PATTERSON 

G RODRIGUEZ 

A TEETS 

RYIN 

AMSRLWMMB 

BFTNK 

J BENDER 

T BLANAS 

T BOGETTI 

R BOSSOLI 

L BURTON 

K BOYD 

S CORNELISON 

P DEHMER 

R DOOLEY 

W DRYSDALE 

G GAZGNAS 

S GHJORSE 

D.GRANVILLE 

D HOPKINS 

C HOPPEL 

D HENRY 

R KASTE 

M KIUSEWITZ 

MLEADORE 

RLIEB 

NO. OF 

COPIBS ORGANIZATION 

ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND (CGNT) 

AMSRLWMMB 

E RIGAS 

J SANDS 

D SPAGNUOLO 

W SPURGEON 

J ‘IZBNG 

EWETZEL 

AABM BERMAN 

AFRYDMAN 

TIJ: 

W MCINTOSH 

E SZYMANSKI 

AMRSL WM MC 

J BEA’ITY 

J SWAB 

ECHIN 

J MONTGOMERY 

A WERESCZCAK 

J LASALVJA 

JWBLlS 

AMSRLWMMD 

W ROY 

S WALSH 

AMSRLWMT 

B BURNS 

AMSRL WM TA 

W GIUICH 

THAVEL 

J RUNYEON 

M BURKlNS 

E HORWATH 

B GOOCH 

W BRUCHEY 

AMSRLWM TC 

R COATES 

AMSRLWMTD 

A DAS GUFTA 

THADUCH 

T MOYNJHAN 

F GREGORY 

AR4JENDRAN 

M WNBERG 

M BOTELER 

T WEERASOORIYA 

D DANDEKAR 

A DIETRJCH 

31 
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.? 

* 

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved 

OMB No. 07044188 

lL161102AFI43 

vlichael G. Leadore and Frederick B. Pierce 

J.S. Army Research Laboratory 

iTIN: AMSRL-WM-MB 

lberdeen Proving Ground, MD 2 1005-5069 

6. PERFORMING ORGANWTION 

REPORT NUMBER 

ARI-TR-23 59 

1. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 

l2a. DlSTRlBUflON/AVAlLABlLlTY STATEMENT 

\pproved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 

12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 

13. ABSTRACT(Maximum 200 words) 

Two lots of TNT and Camp-B explosives were tested in uniaxial compression at strain rates of 0.1, 1 .O, 10.0, and 

100.0 s-‘. The materials were tested at 21 “C to an end strain of 80%. The stress at failure, strain at failure, 

compressive modulus, failure modulus, incremental energy density, and the fracture assessment values were recorded 

for each test. 

14. SUBJECT TERMS 

INT, Comp-B, uniaxial compression, mechanical properties, fracture 

15. NUMBER OF PAGES 

38 

16. PRICE CODE 

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 

OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT 

UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UL 

ctnnrlcwrl En”” Tan ,DO\, ,201 

35 

VLYIIYYIY I “I.## &I” \..u.- L-V’, 

Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-l 8 296102 
bTENl’IONALLY LEFT BLANK. 

36 
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items/questions below will aid us in our efforts. 

1. ARL Report Number/Author ARL-TR-2359 (Leadore) 

2. Date Report Received 

Date of Report October 2000 

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r 

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