# State of Hawaii



# 20 1 3

Air Monitoring

Network Plan

Submitted to the U.S. EPA Region 9



# July 1, 20 1 3

Prepared by:

State of Hawaii

Department of Health

Environmental Management Division

Clean Air Branch

and

State Laboratories Division

Air Surveillance and Analysis Section

Document Control Number

HDOH

– AMNP

– 201 3

- 0012013 Annual Network Plan 

## 1 State of Hawaii 

# Table of Contents

List of Tables

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 2

List of Figures

................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 2

Acronyms and Definitions

................................ ................................ ............................ 3

Introduction

................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 4

1 .0 Network Purpose and Des ign

................................ ................................ ............ 5

1.1 Overview

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 5

1.1.1 SLAMS

................................ ................................ ........................... 5

1. 1

. 2 SPMS

................................ ................................ ............................. 5

1.2 Network Design and Review Process

................................ ........................ 6

1.2.1 Monitoring Objectives and Site Types

................................ ............ 6

1.2.2 PM 2.5 

## Network Changes

................................ ................................ . 7

1. 3 Organizational Structure and Responsibilities

................................ ........... 7

2 .0 Network Evaluation

................................ ................................ ........................... 8

2.1 PM 10 

## Network

................................ ................................ ............................. 8

2.2 PM 2.5 

## Network

................................ ................................ .......................... 10

2.3 O 3 

## Network

................................ ................................ .............................. 12

2.4 Pb Network

................................ ................................ .............................. 14

2.5 CO Network

................................ ................................ ............................. 1 5

2.6 NO 2 

## N etwork

................................ ................................ ............................ 16

2.7 SO 2 

## Network

................................ ................................ ............................ 17

2.8 NCore

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 19

2.9 H 2 

## S Network

................................ ................................ ............................ 19

2.10 Site Closures

................................ ................................ ........................... 19

2.11 Site Additions

................................ ................................ ........................... 19

2.12 Site Modifications

................................ ................................ ..................... 2 1

2.13 Summary of Network and Changes

................................ ......................... 2 1

3 .0 Detailed Site Descriptions

................................ ................................ ............... 2 3

( DH ) HONOLULU

................................ ................................ ............................... 24

( KA ) K APOLEI SLAMS

................................ ................................ ....................... 26

K APOLEI NCore

................................ ................................ ................................ . 28

(PC) P EARL CITY

................................ ................................ .............................. 30

( SI ) S AND ISLAND

................................ ................................ ............................. 32

( KH ) K IHEI

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 3 4

(PI) P AIA

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 36

(NI) N IUMALU

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 38

( HL ) HILO

................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 4 0

( KN ) KONA

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 42

( MV ) M OUNTAIN VIEW

................................ ................................ ..................... 4 4

(OV) OCEAN V IEW

................................ ................................ ............................ 46

( PA ) PAHALA

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 48

( P E ) PUNA E

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 50

(WL) WAIKOLOA

................................ ................................ ................................ 522013 Annual Network Plan 

## 2 State of Hawaii



## Appendix A: Public Notice Documentation

................................ .............................. 54

Appendix B: Comments and Responses to the Network Plan

................................ 55

List of Tables

Table 2

- 1 PM 10 

## Network and Concentrations for the MSA

................................ ......... 8

Table 2

- 2 PM 10 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

.............................. 8

Table 2

- 3 PM 2.5 

## Network and Concentrations for the MSA

................................ ...... 10

Table 2

- 4 PM 2.5 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

............................ 10

Table 2

- 5 PM 2.5 

## Collocated Network

................................ ................................ ........ 11

Table 2

- 6 O 3 

## Design Values for the MSA

................................ ................................ . 12

Table 2

- 7 O 3 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

................................ 12

Table 2

- 8 Minimum Pb Monitoring Requirement at NCore

................................ ...... 14

Table 2

- 9 Minimum Near

- Road NO 2 

## Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

........... 16

Tabl e 2

- 10 Minimum SO 2 

## Monitoring Requirement s

................................ .................. 17

Table 2

- 11 PM 2.5 

## Data to Support Co

- location at the Kona Station

............................ 21

Table 2

- 1 2 CO Data for Niumalu (150070007) 2011

- 2013

................................ ........ 21

Table 2

- 1 3 Number of Monitors by Pollutant or Program

................................ ........... 2 2

Table 2

- 14 S ummary of Network Changes

................................ ................................ 2 2

Table 3

- 1 State of Hawaii Ambient Air Monitoring Network

................................ ..... 23

List of Figures

Figure 2

- 1 PM 10 

## Network

................................ ................................ ............................. 9

Figure 2

- 2 PM 2.5 

## Network

................................ ................................ .......................... 11

Figure 2

- 3 O 3 

## Network

................................ ................................ .............................. 1 3

Figure 2

- 4 Pb Monitoring Station

................................ ................................ ............... 1 4

Figure 2

- 5 CO Network

................................ ................................ ............................. 1 5

Figure 2

- 6 NO 2 

## Network

................................ ................................ ............................ 16

Figure 2

- 7 SO 2 

## Network

................................ ................................ ............................ 18

Figure 2

- 8 H C & S Sugar Cane Fields: Island of Maui

................................ ............. 202013 Annual Network Plan 

## 3 State of Hawaii 

## A cronyms and Definitions

AQI Air Quality Index

ASAS State of Hawaii Department of Health Air Surveillance and Analysis

Section

BAM Beta

- Attenuation Mass Monitor

CAB State of Hawaii Department of Health Clean Air Branch

CBSA Core

- Based Statistical Areas

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CO Carbon Monoxide

DOH Hawaii State Department of Health

DOT Hawaii State Department of Transportation

EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

FEM Federal Equivalent Method

FRM Federal Reference Method

H 2 

## S Hydrogen Sulfide

IMPROVE Integrated Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments

MSA Metropolitan Statistical Area

MSL Mean Sea Level

MWC Municipal Waste Combustor

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NCore National Core Multi

- pollutant Monitoring Stations

NEI National Emissions Inventory

NO 2 

## Nitrogen Dioxide

O 3 

## Ozone

Pb Lead

PM 2.5 

## Particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in aerodynamic

diameter

PM 10 

## Particulate matter less than or equal to 10 microns in aerodynamic

diameter

PQAO Primary Quality Assurance Organization

PPM Parts per million

PSD Prevention of Significant Deterioration

PWEI Population Weighted Emissions Index

SLAMS State and Local Air Monitoring Station s

SO 2 

## Sulfur D ioxide

SPMS Special Purpose Monitoring Station s

STN Speciation Trends Network

TPY Tons per Year

TSP Total suspended particulates

VOG Haze due to volcanic emissions

WD Wind direction

WS Wind speed

μg/m 3 

## micrograms per cubic meter of air2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 4 State of Hawaii 

# I ntroduction

The State of Hawaii Department of Health (DOH) plans, operates and maintains the

statewide ambient air quality monitoring network. Monitoring data is used for a variety

of reasons including determining compliance with National Ambient Air Quality

Standards (NAAQS) , timely reporting of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s

(EPA) Air Quality Index (AQI), tracking and characterizing air quality trends, evaluating

emission control strategies, and supporting health studies.

The DOH manages all of the State and Local Air Monitoring Station s (SLAMS)

, Special

Purpose Monitoring Stations ( SPMS ) , and the National Core Monitoring Station

(NCore)

. Additionally, Hawaii has two Interagency M onitoring of Protected Visual

Environments stations (IMPROVE) located at Haleakala National Park on Maui and

Volcanoes National Park on the island of Hawaii. The IMPROVE stations are operated

and maintained by the National Park Service through the ir feder al land management

agency.

This annual r eview evaluates the state’s existing ambient air monitoring network to

determine adequacy in meeting monitoring obj ectives, optimize s the network by closing

, moving or adding stations, and ensure s that air quality i ssues important to the state are

being addressed. The review ensures that the network is providing adequate, quality

assured and useful data to meet the needs of stakeholders. This plan encompasses

the 1 8

- month period from July 1, 201 3 through December 31

, 2014

, however unplanned

modifications may occur due to funding reductions

, unanticipated site changes, or

changes in EPA monitoring requirements. This plan is being submitted to the EPA

Region IX according to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Tit le 40, Part 58

, Section 58.10.

Notification of the plan availability for public inspection was provided through public

notices published on May 20, 201 3 in the daily newspapers of all counties

. The plan

was available for review at all county District Hea lth offices as well as on the Clean Air

Branch website ( http://hawaii.gov/health/environmental/air/cab/index.html ) for 30 days

from May 20 , 201 3 to June 20 , 201 3

. Documentation of public notification is provided in

Appendix A and comments to the plan are provided in Appendix B.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 5 State of Hawaii 

# 1.0 Network Purpose and Design

1.1 Overview

EPA established NAAQS for the following criteria pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO),

lead (Pb), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 

## ), ozone (O 3 

## ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 

## ), particulate matter 10

microns or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM 10 

## ), and particulate matter 2.5 microns or

less in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5 

## ). Additionally, there is a state standard for

hydroge n sulfide (H 2 

## S) that was established primarily to monitor the ambient air effects

of geothermal energy production activities on the island of Hawaii. In 201 1 the state

established the National Core multi

- pollutant monitoring station (NCore) as required by

40 CFR 58. The NCore station monitors for PM 2.5 

## , speciated PM 2.5 

## , PM 10

- 2.5 

## , O 3 

## , SO 2 

## , CO, Pb, nitrogen oxides (NO/NO 2 

## /NO

y 

## ) and the meteorological parameters wind speed,

wind direction, ambient temperature and relative humidity. Hawaii’s air quality

surve illance network consists of compliance stations monitoring for criteria pollutants as

well as the NCore station and spec ial purpose monitoring stations

.

The annual review ensures that the state meets monitoring and siting requirements, the

three basic mon itoring objectives, addresses the six site types in 40 CFR 58 Appendix

D, provides information for non

- regulatory data goals and the requirements of 40 CFR

58 appendices A, C, D, and E as follows:

 Appendix A: Quality Assurance Requirements for SLAMS, SPMS s and PSD

Air Monitoring;

 Appendix C: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Methodology

 Appendix D: Network Design Criteria for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

 Appendix E: Probe and Monitoring Path Siting Criteria for Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring

1.1.1 SLAMS

SLAMS are established pr imarily to demonstrate compliance with the NAAQS and to

meet minimum monitoring requirements as required in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D. All

SLAMS must meet quality assurance, methodology, and siting requirements of 40

CFR 58 Appendix A, C and E respectively

. All data is submitted to EPA’s Air Quality

System (AQS) within 90 days at the end of each calendar quarter, as required in 40

CFR 58.16.

EPA mandated that each state establish a minimum of one National Core multi

pollutant monitorin g station to support tracking of long

- term trends of criteria and

non

- criteria pollutants, model evaluation, long

- term health and ecosystem

assessments, and other scientific and technological studies. Hawaii’s NCore station

be came fully operational on Jan uary 1, 2011. The SLAMS network excludes SPMS

but includes NCore and other stations that have not been specifically designated as

SPMS

.

1.1.2 SPMS

SPMS are operated for specific areas of interest to the state and do not count in

meeting minimum monitoring requirements . Hawaii’s SPM network is established2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 6 State of Hawaii



## primarily to monitor air quality impacts of emissions from the ongoing Kilauea

volcano eruption ; hydrogen sulfide ( H 2 

## S ) emissions from geothermal energy

production; and impacts from cru ise ships on the island of Kauai and cane burning

on the island of Maui

. The DOH utilizes FRM or FEM analyzers for all criteria

SPMS

, meets the quality assurance requiremen ts of 40 CFR 58 Appendix A, and

submits criteria pollutant data to A QS. All data from SPMS which have operated for

more than 24 months is eligible for comparison to relevant NAAQS.

1.2 Network Design and Review Process

The network review determines i f : modifications are needed to reduce or e liminate

redundancy and low v alue monitoring; new NAAQS monitoring requirements or

programs are met ; sufficient data is being collected using the best technology and

schedule that resources allow; and corrective actions are needed to ensure compliance

with all siting and quality assur ance requirements.

Modification decisions are made using a variety of tools including but not limited to : data

trend analyses ; performa n ce and technical systems audits ; regular site inspections ; cost

and value analyses ; assessment of unfavorable site chan ges such as loss of lease or

cons truction that adversely affect data collection; and, the nee d to address special

studies or new regulatory as well as non

- regulatory monitoring objectives.

1.2.1 Monitoring Objectives and Site Types

Ambient air monitoring networks must be designed to meet three basic objectives as

stated in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D:

1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner ; 2) Support compliance with NAAQS and emissions strategy development; and

3) Suppo rt air pollution research studies.

The state’s ambient air monitoring network achieves all three objectives as follows:

1) Air pollution data from all SLAMS and SPMS are exhibited near real

- time on

the DOH public web

- site, additionally continuous PM 2.5 

## an d O 3 

## data is

provided to EPA’s AIRNow website for use in calculating the AQI;

2) Data from SLAMS are used to demonstrate compliance with the NAAQS and

in development and tracking of emissions control strategies. Similarly, data

from the state’s NCore station will be used to track long

- term trends of criteria

and non

- criteria pollutants as well as support emissions control strategies;

3) All SLAMS, SPMS

, and NCore monitoring provide valuable information in

support of air pollution, health, and other sc ientific studies.

In order for the network to support the three basic objectives outlined above, it must

be designed with a variety of monitoring site types. The six general site types are:

1) Determine the highest pollutant concentrations expected in t he network ; 2) Measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density ; 3) Determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air

quality ; 4) Determine general background concentrations ; 5) Determine the extent of regional pollu tant transport between populated areas ;2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 7 State of Hawaii



## 6) Measure pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation, crops, animals and

buildings

.

The site type for each station in the network is included in its detailed description in

Section 3.0 of this document.

1.2. 2 PM 2.5 

## Network Changes

According to 40 CFR 58.10 (c), t his network plan m ust document how the state will

provide for a review of changes to a PM 2.5 

## monitoring network that impact the

location of a violating PM 2.5 

## monitor or the creation or change to a commun ity

monitoring zone, including a description of the proposed use of spatial averaging for

purposes of making comparisons to the annual PM 2.5 

## NAAQS as set forth in Part 50

Appendix N. The agency must also document the process for obtaining public

comment a nd include any comments received through the public notification process

within the submitted plan.

The state does not have, nor is intending to create any community monitoring zones

and does not utilize spatial averaging for comparison to the PM 2.5 

## NAAQS. T he

state has in place a public notification procedure which includes posting notice in the

newspapers of all counties and on the agency web site allowing for public viewing

and comments of the changes that are in the annual network plan document.

1.3 Organizational Structure and Responsibilities

The DOH Air Surveillance and Analysis Section (ASAS) serves as the Primary Quality

Assurance Organization (PQAO), operating and maintaining the stations and providing

quality assured data to AQS

. The A SAS also provides laboratory support for chemical

and mass analyses of special or research air toxics monitoring as needed and PM 2.5 

## co

located and Pb TSP filter samples.

The DOH Clean Air Branch (CAB) is the state agency responsible for planning,

managem ent, and regulatory activities associated with the state’s air program. As an

organizationally separate entity, the CAB conducts independent a udits of the monitoring

network and provides oversight of the PQAO.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 8 State of Hawaii 

# 2.0 Network Evaluation

There are minimum monitoring requirements for PM 10 

## , PM 2.5 

## , O 3 

## , SO 2 

## , and Pb for each

M etropolitan S tatistical A rea (MSA) in the state as described in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D

. The U.S. Census Bureau has designated Honolulu a s the only MSA in the state with a

2 010 census population of 953,207

. There are five counties in the state: Kauai ( islands

of Niihau and Kauai); City & County of Honolulu ( island of Oahu); Maui ( islands of Maui,

Molokai, Lanai, Kahoolawe) , Kalawao (Kalaupapa Settlement on Molokai), and Hawa ii

( island of Hawaii).

2 .1 PM 10 

## Network

T he minimum number of required PM 10 

## monitoring stations for the MSA is dependent

upon population and concentration measurements. High concentration areas are those

for which the ambient PM 10 

## data show concentrations exceeding the PM 10 

## NAAQS by

20 percent or more. Medium concentration areas are those for which ambient PM 10 

## data show concentrations exceeding 80 percent of the NAAQS. Low concentration

areas are those for which ambient PM 10 

## dat a show concentrations less than 80 percent

of the NAAQS.

PM 10 

## data for 201 2 showed the MSA to be a low concentration area (Table 2

- 1) and

therefore is required to have one to two PM 10 

## monitors (Table 2

- 2). The state meets the

minimum PM 10 

## monitoring requ irements with three PM 10 

## stations in the MSA.

Table 2

- 1. PM 10 

## Network and Concentrations for the MSA

Site Name AQS No. 2012 Maximum 24

- Hr Value

(μg/m 3 

### ) Percent of 24

- Hr

NAAQS Sampling

Frequency

Honolulu 150031001 32 21 Continuous

Kapolei 150030010 40 27 Continuous

Pearl City 150032004 37 25 Continuous



## Table 2

- 2

. PM 10 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

MSA Population Category (2010 Census)

(40 CFR 58 Appendix D Table D

- 4) High Concentration

≥ 1 20% of NAAQS

(≥180 μg/m 3 ) Medium

Concentration

>80% of NAAQS

(>120 μg/m 3 ) Low Concentration

<80% of NAAQS

(<120 μg/m 3 )

>1,000,000 6

- 10 4

- 8 2

- 4

500,000

- 1,000,000 4

- 8 2

- 4 1

- 2

250,000

- 500,000 3

- 4 1

- 2 0

- 1

100,000

- 250,000 1

- 2 0

- 1 0

MSA 2010 Census

Population Highest 24

- hr

Value (2012) Required # of

Monitors # of Active Monitors

in the MSA # of Monitors

Needed



### Honolulu 953,207 40 μg/m 3 

### 1

- 2 3 0



## Figure 2

- 1 shows the map locations of the currently operating PM 10 

## sites in the state.

All of the PM 10 

## stations are in the Honolulu MSA.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 9 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2

- 1. PM 10 

## Network2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 10 State of Hawaii



## 2.2 PM 2.5 

## Network

The state must operate a minimum number of required PM 2.5 

## monitors based on

population in the MSA and the most recent 3

- year design value for PM 2.5 

## . The design

value for the annual PM 2.5 

## standard is the most current 3

- year average annual mean for

each site. The design value for the 24

- hour PM 2.5 

## standard is the most current 3

- year

average of annual 98 th 

## percentile 24

- hour values recorded at each monitoring site.

Table 2

- 3 shows the annua l and daily design values for complete data years 20 10 to

201 2

.

The most recent 3

- year design values were less than 85% of any PM 2.5 

## NAAQS. Table

2

- 4 shows that the state operates more than the minimum monitoring requirements for

PM 2.5 

## in the MSA. In a ddition to the four SLAMS PM 2.5 

## sites in the Honolulu MSA, the

state operates one SLAM S and one SPMS on the island of Maui

, six SPMS on the

island of Hawaii for volcanic emissions , and one SPM station on the island of Kauai to

monitor cruise ship emissions

. T he IMPROVE monitoring station at Haleakala National

Park operated by the National Park Service serves as the re gional haze/background

PM 2.5 

## site for the state’s network. All primary PM 2.5 

## monitors operated by the state are

continuous FEM. Figure 2

- 2 shows the map locations of all the PM 2.5 

## stations in the

state, including SPMS and the IMPROVE monitor

.

Table 2

- 3. PM 2.5 

## Network and Concentrations for the MSA

Site AQS No. Sampling

Frequency Annual

Design

Value (μg/m 3 

### )

20 10

– 201 2 Percent of

Annual

NAAQS Daily

Design

Value (μg/m 3 

### )

20 10

- 201 2 Percent of

24

- Hour

NAAQS

Honolulu 150031001 Continuous 4.8 32 11 31

Kapolei 150030010 Continuous 5.5 37 13 37

Pearl City 150032004 Continuous 5.2 35 12 34

Sand

Island 150031004 Continuous 8.4 56 17 49

NOTE: Haleakala IMPROVE (150090101) is the PM 2.5 background site for Hawaii and is operated and maintained by the NPS



## Table 2

- 4. PM 2.5 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

MSA Population Category

(2010 Census)

(40 CFR 58 Appendix D Table D

- 5 ) Most recent 3

- year Design Value

≥85% of any PM 2.5 NAAQS

(≥29.8 μg/m 3 for 24

- hr standard;

≥12.8 μg/m 3 for annual standard) Most recent 3

- year Design Value

<85% of any PM 2.5 NAAQS

(<29.8 μg/m 3 for 24

- hour standard;

<12.8 μg/m 3 for annual standard)

>1,000,000 3 2

500,000

- 1,000,000 2 1

250,000

- 500,000 1 0



### MSA 20 10 Census

Population Highest

Annual

Design

Value

20 10

– 201 2 Highest

Daily

Design

Value

20 10

- 201 2 Required

No. of

Monitors Number of

Active

Monitors in

the MSA Number of

Monitors

Needed

Honolulu 953,207 8.4 17 1 4 0



## Appendix A to 40 CFR 58 requires that 15 percent of each PM 2.5 

## monitoring method be

co

- located. The state currently operates five SLAMS and eight SPMS FEM monitors

. With a total of 1 3 stations, two co

- located monitors are required. One FRM co

- located

monitor is currently operating at the core Kapolei station. The state plans to co

- locate a

PM 2.5 

## FEM at the Kona station as detailed in Section 2.12, pending EPA approval

. Table 2

- 5 summarizes the PM 2.5 

## co

- located network.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 11 State of Hawaii 

## Table 2

- 5. PM 2.5 

## Collocated Network

Method

Code # Primary

Monitors # Required

Co

- l ocated # Active

Co

- located

FRM # Active Co

- located

FEM (same method

designation as

primary) # and Type of

Co

- located

Required

170 1 3 2 1 0 1 FEM



## Figure 2

- 2. PM 2.5 

## Network

Background site2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 12 State of Hawaii



## 2.3 O 3 

## Network

The state must operate a minimum number of O 3 

## monitors depending upon MSA

population and typical peak concentrations. NCore sites are intended to complement

O 3 

## data collection but can be used to meet the minimum monitoring requirements.

The O 3 

## monitoring season for the state of Hawaii is 12

- months from January to

December. The O 3 

## design value is the 3

- year average of the fourth

- highest daily

maximum 8

- hour con centrations measured at each monitor.

The most recent design value concentration showed less than 85% of the O 3 

## NAAQS

(Table 2

- 6 ) and therefore, as shown in Table 2

- 7 , the state meets the minimum O 3 

## network monitoring requirements.

Table 2

- 6 . O 3 

## Desig n Values for the MSA

Stations in

the MSA 8

- Hour

Design Value

20 10

– 20 1 2 2010 MSA

Census

Population Required #

of Monitors # of Active

Monitors

in the MSA #

of Monitors

Needed

Sand Island

(150031004 ) 45 pp b

953,207 1 2 0 Kapolei 1



### (150030010) 49 pp b

1 Kapolei NCore O 3 began operating January 2011 , incomplete design value



## Table 2

- 7 . O 3 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

MSA Population Category

(40 CFR 58 Appendix D Table D

- 2 ) Most recent 3

- year design value

≥85% of any O 3 NAAQS

(≥ 64 pp b

, 8

- hr standard) Most re cent 3

- year design value

<85% of any O 3 NAAQS

(< 64 pp b , 8

- hr standard)

>10 million 4 2

4

- 10 million 3 1

350,000

- <4 million 2 1

50,000

- <350,000 1 0



## Figure 2

- 3 shows the map locations of the SLAM and NCore O 3 

## stations. Both stations

are located in the Honolulu MSA.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 13 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2

- 3. O 3 

## Network2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 14 State of Hawaii



## 2.4 Pb Network

With a 2010 census population of 953, 207 in the Honolulu MSA, the state is required to

conduct non

- source

- oriented Pb monitoring at the Kapolei NCore site (Table 2

- 8)

. This

NCore site began collecting Pb data on January 1, 2012

. Figure 2

- 4 shows the location

of the Pb monitoring site at the Kapolei NCore station.

Appendix D to Part 58 also requires source

- oriented P b monitoring for sources emitting

0.50 or more tons per year (TPY) according to the most recent emissions inventory.

There are no sources in the state emitting 0.5 or more TPY of Pb.

Table 2

- 8. Minimum Pb Monitoring Requirement at NCore

NCore AQS ID CBSA 2010 Census

Population # Required

Monitors # Active

Monitors # Monitors

Needed

KA 150030010 Honolulu 953,207 1 1 0



## Figure 2

- 4. Pb Monitoring Station2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 15 State of Hawaii



## 2.5 CO Network

T he state operates two SLAMS CO monitors in the Honolulu MSA and one SPM S on

the island of Kauai. The SPM CO monitor on Kauai was shut

- down on 4/25/13 due to

low data values and the need to commit resources to other priorities (see section 2.12)

. Figure 2

- 5 shows the locations of the CO sites in the state. 40 CFR 58, Appendi x D

4.2.2 requires one collocated CO monitor at near

- road NO2 sites in CBSAs with

populations ≥1,000,000. The Honolulu MSA had a 2010 census population of 953,207

and therefore is not currently required to collocate a CO monitor.

Figure 2

- 5. CO Networ k

NOTE: The NI SPM CO

monitor was discontinued

after 4/25/13.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 16 State of Hawaii



## 2.6 NO 2 

## Network

On March 7, 2013, EPA revised the near

- road NO 2 

## monitoring requirement for CBSAs

with a population of greater than 500,000 but less than one million. Near

- road

monitoring for these areas , which includes the Honolulu MSA, are now required to be

operational by January 1, 2017 and included in the July 1, 2016 Network Plan. There

are no other minimum NO 2 

## monitoring requirements. The state currently has one

SLAMS NO 2 

## station in the MSA and one SPMS on the island of Kauai.

Table 2

- 9. Minimum Near

- Road NO 2 

## Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

CBSA 2010 Cens us

Population Max AADT Counts

(2010) 1 

### # Required

Monitors # Monitors to be

operational by

1/1/2017

Honolulu 953,207 236,000 1 1

1 2010 estimated average AADT provided by the State of Hawaii Department of Transportation



## Figure 2

- 6. NO 2 

## Network2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 17 State of Hawaii



## 2.7 SO 2 

## Network

EPA has established t he Population Weighted Emissions Index (PWEI) to determine

required SO 2 

## monitoring. The PWEI is calculated by multiplying the population of each

CBSA with the total amount of SO 2 

## in TPY emitted within the CBSA area and divi ding

the result by one million. According to this calculation, Hawaii is required to operate one

SO 2 

## in the Honolulu area (Table 2

- 10 ) . The state currently operates two SLAMS SO 2 

## monitors in the Honolulu MSA, and one at the NCore station in Kapolei and therefore

meets the minimum number o f required SO 2 

## stations. Figure 2

- 7 shows the locations of

the SLAMS and SPMS SO 2 

## sites.

SO 2 

## continues to be one of the pollutant s of concern in communities on the island of

Hawaii with the ongoing eruptio n of the Kilauea volcano. There are seven stations

mo nitoring for volcanic emissions , two of which are SLAM stations (Hilo and Kona).

Three of the s even SO 2 

## mon itoring stations (Mt. View, Pahala and Ocean View) are

SPMS that use FEM and follow all the req uirements of 40 CFR 58 Appendices A, D,

and E, have been operating for more than 24 months and therefore are subject to

NAAQS comparison. One station (Waikoloa) was established as a SPMS in July 2012

, has been operating for less than 24 months and is not subject to comparison with the

NAAQS. One station (Puna E) was established primarily to monitor H 2 

## S emissions fro m

geothermal energy production. T he probe siting does not meet the requirements of 40

CFR 58 Appendix E and therefore is a non

- regulatory SO 2 

## monitoring site.

The state also established a station to monitor for cruise ship emissions on the island of

Kauai. Th is is a SPM station which includes FEM monitoring for SO 2 

## , follows all

requirements of 40 CFR 58 Appendices A, D, and E, and as of April 2, 2013, has been

operating for more than 24 months and is eligible for comparison with the NAAQS.

Table 2

- 10

. Minimum SO 2 

## Monitoring Requirements

CBSA County 2010 Census

Population Total SO 2



### (tons/year)

2008 NEI PWEI 1 

### # Required

Monitors # Active

Monitors #

Monitors

Needed

Honolulu City &

County of

Honolulu 953,207 2 0,855 19,879 1 2 0

1 

### According to 40 CFR 58 Appendix D, if the PWEI for a CBSA is ≥ 5,000 but < 100,000, a minimum of

one SO 2 

### monitor is required.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 18 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2

- 7. SO 2 

## Network2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 19 State of Hawaii



## 2.8 NCore

T he Kapolei NCore station is located in the rapidly

- growing residential, commercial, and

industrial community on the south west side of Oahu. Kapolei is considered to be the

“second city” next to Honolulu with county, state and federal agencies also establishing

offices in the area. The NCore parameters are: NO/NO

y 

## , SO 2 

## , CO, O 3 

## , PM 10

- 2.5 

## , PM 2.5 

## speciation, Pb and the meteorological parameters wind speed, wind direction,

temperature and relative humidity.

By correspondence dated October 30, 2009, EPA approved Kapolei as the NCore

station and it became fully operational o n January 1, 2011 with Pb

- TSP collection

beginning January 1, 2012 as required in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D, paragraph 3(b).

2.9 H 2 

## S Network

The state has a one

- hour H 2 

## S standard of 25 ppb established primarily to determine the

effects of geothermal energy exploration and production on the island of Hawaii. Pu na

Geothermal Ventures (PGV) is a 41 MW geothermal power plant located in the lower

e ast rift zone of the Kilauea volcano.

Although PGV is required by their non

- covered source permit to maintain three air

monitoring stations for H 2 

## S, the state established a monitoring station in the downwind

community of Leilani Estates to monitor ambient effects of geothermal exploration and

operations. The station also monitor s for SO 2 

## well as H 2 

## S

.

2.1 0 Site Closures

Planned: Waikoloa, Hawaii station (150012021)

To address community concerns about volcanic emissions , t he Waikoloa station on the

island of Hawaii was establishe d as a SPM S o n July 1, 2012 to monitor primarily for

SO 2



## . However, i n 10 months of operation, the maximum 1

- hour SO 2 

## value detected

was 35.5 ppb with approximately 95% of the values falling between 0 and 6.25 ppb.

Becau se of the low SO 2 

## values

, budgetary concerns, and the need to reallocate

resources to other programs and areas of concern, the DOH plans to discontinue this

station by July 1, 2014.

2.1 1 Site Additions

Paia (PI 150090024) PM 2.5 

## SPM Station

Agricultural burning is allowed throughout the state and is regulated through the

agriculture burn ing permit program administered by the DOH. The largest agriculture

operation with a burn permit is the Hawaiian Commercial and Sugar Company (HC&S)

on the island of Maui . HC&S annually conducts pre

- harvest burning of sugar cane

usually from March to November. The average number of acreage burned is about 70

per day at various locations. Communities located near sugar cane fields are

concerned about the health effects t hat may be associated with the large amount of

smoke produced when the cane fields are burned.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 20 State of Hawaii



## HC&S fields are located in Maui’s central valley from Kahului and Paia on the north side

to Kihei on the south side (Figure 2

- 8). Since 1999, the DOH has opera ted one station

in Kihei to monitor cane burning, but there hasn’t been an active monitor on the north

end of the island since 2002. To ensure that cane burning is monitored in both areas,

the DOH took action to establish PM 2.5 

## monitoring in Paia prior to the start of the 2013

burn season. The Paia SPM station began operating on March 1, 2013.

Although Paia is a relatively small community with a 2010 census population of about

2,700, it is surrounded by sugar cane fields. Smoke impact in this community will

provide useful information for the larger community of Kahului/Wailuku.

Figure 2

- 8 H C & S Sugar Cane Fields: Island of Maui

Kahului/Wailuku2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 21 State of Hawaii



## 2.1 2 Modifications

PM 2.5 

## co

- located FEM monitor

Planned , pending EPA approval : Kona, Hawaii station (150011012)

The state’s largest pollutant network is PM 2.5 

## with five SLAM and eight SPM stations

. According to the quality assurance requirements of 40 CFR Appendix A, 15 percent of

the PM 2.5 

## monitors must be co

- located. With all 13 of the PM 2.5 

## monitor s being

continuous FEM BAMS 1020, one co

- located FRM and one co

- located FEM are

required. The co

- located FRM monitor is located at the core Kapolei SLAM station. To

meet the minimum co

- location requirements

, DOH plans to add one FEM co

- located

monitor at the Kona station. The Kona station is a SPMS, operating for more than 24

months and consistently records some of the highest PM 2.5 

## values in the state due to

volcanic emissions as shown in Table 2

- 1 1

.

Table 2

- 1 1

. PM 2.5 

## Data to Support Co

- location at the Kona Station

Site Type AQS No. Sampling

Frequency Annual

Design

Value (μg/m 3 

### )

2010

– 2012 1 

### Percent of

Annual

NAAQS Daily

Design

Value (μg/m 3 

### )

2010

- 2012 Percent of

24

- Hour

NAAQS

Honolulu SLAMS 150031001 Continuous 4.8 32 11 33

Kapolei SLAMS 150030010 Continuous 5.5 37 13 37

Pearl City SLAMS 150032004 Continuous 5.2 35 12 35

Sand Island SLAMS 150031004 Continuous 8.4 56 17 48

Kihei SLAMS 150090006 Continuous 5.7 38 14 39

Hilo SPMS 150011006 Continuous 4.9 33 18 52

KONA SPMS 150011012 Continuous 15.5 103 28 80

Mt. View SPMS 150012023 Continuous 5.1 34 14 41

Pahala SPMS 150012016 Continuous 7.3 49 19 53

Ocean View SPMS 150012020 Continuous 13.0 87 25 71

1 Comparison is to the annual standard of 15 μg/m 3



## Discontinued CO monitor ing at Niumalu (150070007)

The CO monitor at this site was shut

- down after 4/25/13. As shown in Table 2

- 12

, CO

data collected at this site has been of very low data value and resources needed to be

directed to other programs. Niumalu is a SPMS and the CO monitor has been

operating for less than 24

- months.

Table 2

- 12. CO Data for Niumalu (150070007) 2011

- 2013 1



### Max 1

- hr CO ppm % of 1

- hr NAAQS Max 8

- hr CO ppm % of 8

- hr NAAQS

2011 0.7 2 0.7 8

2012 1.0 3 1.2 13

2013 2 

### 1.2 3 2.3 26

1 CO monitor began operating 5/18/2011 2 2013 CO data is preliminary



## 2.1 3 Summary of Network and Changes

Table 2

- 1 3 summarizes the state’s 2013 network monitors. Sections 2.1 0 to 2.1 2 detail

station closures, additions and equipment or network modifi cations and summarized in

Table 2

- 14.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 22 State of Hawaii



## As indicated in the table, the monitors used for all criteria pollutants are FRM or FEM

and follow the requirements of 40 CFR 58 and Appendices A, C, D, E and G. Hawaii’s

air monitoring network meets or exceeds the m inimum required monitoring for each

parameter.

Table 2

- 1 3

. Number of Monitors by Pollutant or Program

N/A = Not applicable

Pollutant/

Program SLAMS SPMS NCore No. of

Co

located Total

in

MSA Total

in State Total

Required

in MSA 1 Meets EPA

Minimum

Required? Planned

Additions Planned

Closures

CO (FRM) 2 0 1 N/A 3 3 N / A N /

A 0 0 2

NO 2 (FRM) 1 1 *1

*NO/NO

y N/A 1 2 N / A YES 0 0

SO 2 (FEM) 4 6 1 N/A 3 11 1 YES 0 1 SPM

O 3 (FRM) 1 0 1 N/A 2 2 1 YES 0 0

PM 10 (FEM) 3 0

--- N/A 3 3 1

- 2 YES 0 0

PM 2.5 ( all

are FEM) 5 8

--- 1 FRM 4 13 1 YES 1 FEM

co

- located 3 1 SPM

Pb (FRM) 0 0 1 N/A 1 1 1 (NC ore) YES 0 0

PM 2.5 Speciation 0 0 1 N/A 1 1 1 (NC ore) YES 0 0

PM 10

- 2.5 N/A N/A 1 N/A 1 1 1 (NC ore) YES 0 0

H 2 S 0 1

--- N/A 0 1 N / A N /

A 0 0

1 

### As promulgated in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D , the minimum monitoring requirements apply to Metropolitan

Statistical Areas (MSA). The City and County of Honolulu is the only MSA in the state.

2 

### The Niumalu SPMS CO monitor was discontinued 4/25/13

3 

### Pending EPA approval



## Table 2

- 1 4

. Summary of Network Changes

Site AQS ID Site

Type Affected Parameters Reason for

Closure/Addition/Modification

Hawaii County (I sland of Hawaii)

Kona 1500 1 1012 SPM S PM 2.5 co

- located FEM Add PM 2.5 FEM co

- located monitor:

To meet minimum co

- location

requirements, FEM to start after EPA

approval is received.

Waikoloa 150012021 SPMS SO 2 , PM 2.5 Close station:

Although e stablished to monitor for

volcanic emissions, SO 2 has not been

detected at any significant levels

. Because there are six other SO 2 monitors on the island and due to budget

constraints, the DOH plans to

discontinue this SPM station. This

station began operating July 2012.

Maui County

Paia 150090024 SPMS PM 2.5 Station added:

To monitor for cane

- burning on the north

side of the island. The station began

operating March 1, 2013.

Kauai County

Niumalu 050070007 SPMS CO Discontinued monitor:

This monitor was discontinued after

4/25/13 due to low monitoring values

and the need to commit resources to

other priority programs. The CO monitor

began operating on 5/18/11 and has

been operating for less than 24 months.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 23 State of Hawaii 

# 3.0 Detailed Site Descriptions

Following are descriptions and photos of each station in the state’s current ambient air

monitoring network. The descrip tions include area location, traffic , probe siting,

monitor information and adherence to quality assurance

.

DOH Air Surveillance and Analysis Section of the State Laboratories Division ( ASAS )

is the collecting and reporting agency for all stations and mon itors operating in the

state.

Table 3

- 1. State of Hawaii Ambient Air Monitoring Network

ID AQS No. Site Name Basic Monitoring

Objective(s) 1 

### Parameters

DH 150031001 Honolulu 1,2 PM 2.5 

### , PM 10 

### , SO 2



### KA

SLAMS 150030010 Kapolei 1,2 ,3 PM 2.5 

### , PM 2.5 

### co

- located, PM 10 

### , SO 2 

### , NO 2 

### , CO

KA

NCore 150030010 Kapolei 1,3 PM 10

- 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , NO/NO

y 

### , CO, O 3 

### , Pb, PM 2.5 

### speciation

WS, WD, RH, Temp

PC 150032004 Pearl City 1,2 PM 2.5 

### , PM 10



### SI 150031004 Sand Island 1,2 PM 2.5 

### , O 3



### KH 150090006 Kihei 1,2 ,3 PM 2.5



### PI 150090024 Paia 1,3 PM 2.5



### NI 150070007 Niumalu 1,3 PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , NO 2



### HL

SLAMS 150011006 Hilo 1,2,3 SO 2



### HL

SPMS 150011006 Hilo 1, 2, 3 PM 2.5



### KN

SLAMS 150011012 Kona 1,2,3 SO 2



### KN

SPMS 150011012 Kona 1, 2, 3 PM 2.5



### MV 150012023 Mt. View 1, 2, 3 PM 2.5

, 

### SO 2



### OV 150012020 Ocean View 1, 2, 3 PM 2.5 

### , SO 2



### PA 150012016 Pahala 1, 2, 3 PM 2.5 

### , SO 2



### PE 150012010 Puna E 1 ,3 SO 2 

### , H 2 

### S

WL 150012021 Waikoloa 1,3 PM 2.5, 

### SO 2

1 

## Basic Monitoring Objectives:

1) Public information

2) NAAQS compliance

3) Support research2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 24 State of Hawaii 

## (DH) HONOLULU

AQS: 150031001 Type : SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu

Address: 1250 Punchbowl St., Honolulu, HI 96813

Latitude: 21.30758 Longitude:

- 157.85542 Elevation: 20 m MSL

Location Description:

This station is located on the roof of the state Department of Health building in downtown Honolulu.

The surrounding streets are busy thoroughfares serving the downtown area. The area includes a major

hospital (Queen’s Med ical Center), the state capitol, other state, county, commercial and business

buildings as well as residential condominiums. This station has been operating since 1972.

Type of Roadway Punchbowl S. Beretania Vineyard

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X X X

Distance from air intake (m) 30 122 610

Direction from air inlet E S N

Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 5 6 6

Average daily traffic 35,844 1 53,046 1 48,445 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 20 25 25

Traffic one way or two 2 1 2

Street parking? No No No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation 2006 count

Meteorology: WS, WD sensors attached to pole at rooftop

DH MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 PM 10 SO 2 CO WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 3/FEM 1/FEM 6/FEM 1/FRM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SLAMS SLAMS SLAMS SLAMS N/A N/A

AQS Parameter Code 88101 81102 42401 42101 Not entered Not entered

Manufacturer Met

- One Met

- One TECO TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM 1020 BAM 1020 43i 48 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 1 70 122 060 054 Not entered Not entered

Monitoring start date 4/1/ 20 09 7/1/

20 09 10/16/ 19 92 1 /1 / 19 72 11/ 20 03 11/

20 03

Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous

Probe material N/A N/A Glass Glass N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A N/A 12.48 12.48 N/A N/A

Distance between co

located monitors N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 25 State of Hawaii



### ( DH ) Honolulu continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not Applicable) GASES

(CO, SO 2 ) PM 2.5 PM 10

Location of probe Top of building Top of building Top of building

Building dimensions

Height (m) 12 12 12

Width (m) 61 61 61

Depth (m) 15 15 15

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) 9 8 8

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1.2 1.8 1.8

Height of probe above ground (m) 1 3.2 13. 8 13. 8

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 27 E 24 E 24 E

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 30 2 7 2 7

Horizontal d istance from nearest parking lot (m) 24 24 24

D istance and direction from obstructions on roof (m) 9 N 11 N 9 N

Distance & direction from possible obstruction s not on roof (m) None None None

Height of nearest possible obstacle (m) 2.7 2.7 2.7

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) 238 S/SW 234 S/SW 234 S/SW

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? Paved Paved Paved

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

CO SO 2 PM 2.5 PM 10 Spatial scale Middle Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS

a veraging times 1

- hr; 8

- hr 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr,

Annual 24

- hr; Annual 24

- hr; Annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 1 2 2 2

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 2 1, 2 1, 2 1, 2

Suitable for comparison

against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient ai r quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 12/9/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 12/16/10 Passed

Date of l ast annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 10/29/12 No problems noted.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/3/12, 11/7/12 Passed , Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annu al data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): None

Changes planned in the next 18 months : None2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 26 State of Hawaii 

## (KA) KAPOLEI SLAMS

AQS: 150030010 Type : SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu

Address: 2052 Lauwiliwili St., Kapolei, HI 96707

Latitude: 21.32374 Longitude:

- 158.08861 Elevation: 17.9 m MSL

Location Description:

Located in the Kapolei Business Park , in the rapidly growing “second city” of Kapolei, the area is a mix

of business, commercial, and government activities surrounded by an ever expanding residential

community. The site is also approximately 1.25 km northeast (upwind) of the state’s largest industrial

park on the southwest coast of the island of Oahu. The station has been operating since 2002.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION

Type of Roadway Kalaeloa Blvd. Lauwiliwili St.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road X

Distance from air intake (m) 379 167

Direction from air inlet NW W

Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 4 2

Average daily traffic 18,255 1 2 Estimated: <5 ,000

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 35 30

Traffic one way or two 2 2

Street parking? No Yes

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation 2 Estimate only, no data available, local road

KA SLAMS Monitor Information N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 PM 2.5

co

- loc PM 10 CO SO 2 NO 2

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 2/FRM 3/FEM 1/FRM 1/FEM 1/FRM

Type of Monitor SLAMS SLAMS SLAMS SLAMS SLAMS SLAMS

AQS Parameter Code 88101 88101 81102 42101 42401 42602

Manufacturer Met One Andersen Met One TECO TECO TECO

Model No. BAM1020 RAAS2.5 BAM1020 48i 43A 42C

AQS Method Code 170 120 122 054 060 074

Monitoring start date 1/1/ 20 09 1/1/ 20 11 12/18/ 20 08 7/29/ 20 02 7/29/ 20 02 7/29/ 20 02

Frequency C ontinuous 1/3 C ontinuous C ontinuous C ontinuous C ont inuous

Probe material N/A N/A N/A Glass Glass Glass

Residence Time (sec) N/A N/A N/A 13.22 13.22 13.22

Distance between co

- located

monitors 4 m 4 m N/A N/A N/A N/A

Analytical Laboratory N/A ASAS N/A N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 27 State of Hawaii



### ( KA ) Kapolei continued

PROBE SITING

(N / A = Not A pplicable) GASES

(CO, SO 2 , NO 2 ) PM 2.5 PM 10

Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 4 4 4

Width (m) 2.4 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 5 5 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N / A N /

A N / A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1.1 1 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 5.1 5 5

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 19 N 17 N 17 N

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 167 167 167

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 87 87 87

D istance and direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) 170 W 170 W 170 W

Height of nearest possible ob struction (m) 9 9 9

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? Vegetative Vegetative Vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

CO SO 2 NO 2 PM 2.5 PM 10 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS

a veraging times 1

- hr; 8

- hr 1

- hr; 3

- hr

- 24

- hr; Annual 1

- hr; Annual 24

- hr; Annual 24

- hr

Sampling season 12 months 12 months 12 months 12 months 12 months

Site type 1 2 2 2 2 2

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4

Suitable for comparison

against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background conce ntration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient air quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Suppo rt for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 12/5/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 12/15/10 Passed

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/5/12 BAMS PM 2.5 ambient temperature difference

was > ±2°C: Corrected 9/6/12, passed re

- audit.

BAMS PM 10 flow difference was >±4%:

Corrected on 9/6/12, passed re

- audit.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audit s (PM) 5/30/12, 11/8/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): SO 2 10/4

- 10/8 and 10/11

- 10/16/12: 67% Obs . Poor QA results

NO 2 11/15

- 11/19 and 11/22

- 11/26/12: 71% Obs . Poor QA results and

machine malfunction.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 28 State of Hawaii 

## KAPOLEI NCore

AQS: 150030010 Type: NCore County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu

Address: 2052 Lauwiliwili St., Kapolei, HI 96707

Latitude: 21.32374 Longitude:

- 158.08861 Elevation: 17.9 m MSL

NCore Pollutant Monitor Information N/A = Not Applicable

NOTE: 1 The SLAMS PM 2.5 and PM 10 monitors are used to calculate the NCore parameter PM 10

- 2.5

CO SO 2 NO/NO y O 3 Pb

- TSP 1 PM 10

- 2.5 PM 2.5

spec iation

POC/FRM or

F EM 2/FRM 2/FEM 1/FRM 1/FRM 1/FRM See SLAMS

---

Type of Monitor NCORE NCORE NCORE NCORE NCORE NCORE NCORE

AQS Parameter

Code 42101 42401 42601 /42600 44201 14129 86101

---

Manufacturer API API Ecotech Ecotech Graseby MetOne Met

- One

URG

Model No. M300EU M100EU 9843 Serinus

10 2376105 BAM 1020 SASS/

300N

AQS Method

Code 593 600 591 187 191 185 810/136

Monitoring start

date 1/1/ 20 11 1/1/ 20 11 1/1/ 20 11 1/1/ 20 11 1/1/ 20 12 1/1/ 20 11 10/1/ 20 09

Frequency C ont inuous C ont inuous C ont inuous C ont inuous 1/6 C ontinuous 1/3

Probe material Glass Glass Glass Glass N/A N/A N/A

Residence

Time (sec) 14.60 14.60 14.60 14.60 N/A N/A N/A

Analytical Lab N/A N/A N/A N/A ASAS N/A EPA contract

Lab

NCore Meteorological Parameters

RH WS WD AT

POC 1 1 1 1

AQS Parameter Code 62201 61103 61104 62101

Manufacturer RM Young RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. 05103 VP 510 3VP 5103 VP 41342 VC

AQS Method Code 014 020 020 020

Monitoring start date 1/1/ 20 11 7/29/ 20 02 7/29/ 20 02 7/29/ 20 02

Frequency C ont inuous C ontinuous C ontinuous C ontinuous2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 29 State of Hawaii



### ( KA ) Kapolei NCore continued

PROBE SITING

(N / A = Not A pplicable) GASES

(CO, SO 2 , NO

x , O 3 ) PM 2.5 speciation

Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Building dimensions SASS URG

Height (m) 4 4 4

Width (m) 2.4 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 5 5 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 1. 7 1. 6

Height of probe above ground (m) 5 5. 7 5. 6

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 12 SE 13 SE 11 SE

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 165 165 165

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 85 85 85

Distance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof ( m ) 168 W 168 W 168 W

Height of nearest possible ob struction (m) 9 9 9

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? vegetative vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

CO trace SO 2 trace NO/NO

y O 3 PM 10

- 2.5 Pb

Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood

Sample duration Hourly Hourly Hourly Hourly Hourly 1 in 6 days

Site type Population Population Population Population Population Population

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 12/5/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 12/5/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/7/12

12/13/12 PM and Met audit: Passed

Gas audit (No NOy audit): Passed

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 6/28/12, 12/27/12 Passed, Passed

Frequency of one

- point flow rate audit for Pb

- TSP Semi

- Annual

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (Pb) None performed in 2012

, flow rate standard out of calibration. ASAS

now has a certified flow standard and will be performing the semi

annual audits in 2013.

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): SO 2 6/1

- 6/13/12: 70% Obs . Aberrant data.

NO 1/19

- 1/26 /12 : 69% Obs . Aberrant data.

NO 1/27

- 1/31, 2/1

- 2/6, 2/8

- 2/14/12 : 70% Obs. Aberrant data.

WS 7/1

- 7/17/12: 47% Obs. Poor QA results.

WD 7/1

- 7/19/12: 41% Obs. Poor QA results

PM 2.5 11/13

- 11/19, 11/22

- 11/23/12: 70% Obs. Collection error.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 30 State of Hawaii 

## (PC) PEARL CITY

AQS: 150032004 Type : SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu

Address: 860 4 th 

### St., Pearl City, HI 96782

Latitude: 21.39283 Longitude:

- 157.96913 Elevation: 23.1 m MSL

Location Description:

This site is l ocated on the roof of the Department of Health ’s Leeward Health Center in a commercial and

highly populated residential area . The station is west of Hawaiian Electric Company’s Waiau Generating

Station and is approximately 3 miles NW of the Pearl Harbor Naval Complex. This station has been

operating since 1994.

Type of Roadway 

### 4 th 

### St. Lehua Ave. Kam . Hwy.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X X

Local Street or Road X

Distance from air intake (m) 50 138 58

Direction from air inlet S W N

Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2 4 6

Average daily traffic 2 

### Estimated: < 2 ,000 15,692 (2002) 1 

### 57,948 (2007) 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 20 30 35

Traffic one way or two 2 2 2

Street parking? Yes No No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation 2 Estimate only, no data available, small side street used by a

few local businesses and residences

Meteorology: WS, WD sensors attached to pole on the BAMS shelter

PC Monitor Information N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 PM 10 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 4/FEM 3/FEM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SLAMS SLAMS N/A N/A

AQS Parameter Code 88101 81102 Not entered Not entered

Manufacturer Met

- One Met

- One RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM 1020 BAM 1020 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 170 122 Not entered Not entered

Monitoring start date 1/10/2009 9/29/2007 11/2003 11/2003

Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous

Probe material N/A N/A N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 31 State of Hawaii



### ( PC ) Pearl City continued

N/A = Not applicable PM 2.5 PM 10 Location of probe Top of building Top of building

Building dimensions

Height (m) 12 12

Width (m) N/A N/A

Depth (m) N/A N/A

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) 14 14

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 2 2

Height of probe above ground (m) 14 14

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 20 W 20 W

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 58 58

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A N/A

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) 14 S 14 S

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) None None

Height of nearest possible obst ruction (m) 6 6

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? Paved Paved

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 PM 10 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS

averaging times 24

- hr; Annual 24

- hr

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 1 1

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 2 1, 2

Suitable for comparison

against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient ai r quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 3/20/11 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP N ot Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 11/1/12 No problems noted.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/10/12, 12/26/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): None.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 32 State of Hawaii 

## (SI) SAND ISLAND

AQS: 150031004 Type : SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu

Address: 1039 Sand Island Parkway, Honolulu, HI 96819

Latitude: 21.30384 Longitude:

- 157.87117 Elevation: 5.3 m MSL

Location Description:

Station is located in the University of Hawaii’s Anuenue Fisheries near the entrance to the Sand Island

Recreational Area. Sand Island is downwind of downtown Honolulu, across from Honolulu Harbor. This

station has been operating since 1980.

Type of Roadway 

### Sand Island Parkway

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road

Distance from air intake (m) 

### 37

Direction from air inlet 

### W

Composition of roadway 

### asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2

Average daily traffic 

### 1610 (2007) 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 30

Traffic one way or two 

### 2

Street parking? 

### No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation

Meteorology: WS, WD, AT sensors attached to pole on roof of the shelter

SI MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

O 3 PM 2.5 WS WD AT

POC/FRM or FEM 2/FRM 2/FEM Info only Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SLAMS SLAMS N/A N/A N/A

AQS Parameter Code 44201 88101 N ot entered N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer TECO Met One RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. 49C BAM 1020 05103VP 05103VP 41342VC

AQS Method Code 047 170 Not entered Not entered Not entered

Monitoring start date 1/1/1980 1/1/2009

-- -- -- Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous

Probe material Glass N/A N/A N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) 17.96 N/A N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 33 State of Hawaii



### ( S I ) Sand Island continued

PROBE SITING

( N / A = Not applicable ) PM 2.5 O 3 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 3 3

Width (m) 2 2

Depth (m) 5 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N / A N / A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1. 1 2

Height of probe above ground (m) 4.1 5

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 20 E 20 E

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 37 37

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 40 40

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m ) 14 N 14 N

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) 5.5 5.5

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None

Unrestricted airflow 

### 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 O 3 Spatial scale Neighborhood Urban

Applicable NAAQS

averaging times 24

- hr; Annual 8

- hr

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 5 1

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3

Suitable for comparison

against the annual

PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to dete rmine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient air quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 12/4/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 2/14/10 Passed

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/11/12 Passed with following note:

O 3 audi t pt. 2: 2

- 7% difference (warning level )

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/8/12, 11/7/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): O 3 3/1

- 3/8/12: 65% Obs. Poor QA results

O 3 3/27

- 3/30/12: 73% Obs. Poor QA results

PM 2.5 10/18

- 10/22, 10/27

- 10/31/12: 73% Obs. Poor QA results

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 34 State of Hawaii 

## (KH) KIHEI

AQS: 150090006 Type : SLAMS County: Maui MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: TMK 2

- 3

- 9

- 4:28 Hale Piilani Park, Kihei, HI 96753

Latitude: 20.780997 Longitude:

- 156.44637 Elevation: 46.5 m MSL

Location Description:

This station is located in the Hale Piilani subdivision’s park in upper Kihei and surrounded primarily by

agricultural land. The station was established to monitor the effects of sugar cane burning. This station

has been operating since 1999.

Type of Roadway 

### Kaiolohia Kaiwahine

Freeway

Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X X

Distance from air intake (m) 

### 114 118

Direction from air inlet 

### NW S

Composition of roadway 

### asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2 2

Average daily traffic 1 

### Estimated <3 ,000 1 

### Estimated <3 ,000

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 25 25

Traffic one way or two 

### 2 2

Street parking? 

### Yes Yes

1 

### Estimated only, no data available, roads are residential

KH Monitor Information N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 2/FEM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SLAMS N/A N/A

AQS Parameter Code 88101 N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer Met One RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM 1020 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 170 Not entered Not entered

Monitoring start date 12/1/2008

-- -- Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous

Probe material N/A N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 35 State of Hawaii



### ( KH ) Kihei continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 Location of probe Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 4

Width (m) 2

Depth (m) 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 5

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 19.2 N

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 154.5

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 105.2

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) None

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) N/A

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None

Unrestricted airflow 

### 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 Spatial scale Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging

times 24

- hr; Annual

Sampling season 12

- months

Site type 1 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 2, 3

Suitable for comparison against

the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient ai r quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 12/11/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 10/8/12 No problems noted.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/18/12, 11/16/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): PM 2.5 5/15

- 5/17/12; 5/21

- 5/31/12: 56% Obs. Poor QA results.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 36 State of Hawaii 

## (PI) PAIA

AQS: 150090024 Type: SPMS County: Maui MSA: N ot in a MSA

Address: TMK 2

- 2

- 5

- 005

- 058

Latitude: 20.902031 Longitude:

- 156.370344 Elevation: 80.8 m MSL

Location Description:

The monitor is located within a fenced area that contains a County of Maui w ater s upply tank. The area is

surrounded by residential and agricultural land with sugar cane fields north of the monitor.

Type of Roadway 

### Baldwin Ave.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road 

### X

Distance from air intake (m) 

### 36

Direction from air inlet 

### WSW

Composition of roadway 

### Asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2

Average daily traffic 

### 6,662 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 35

Traffic one way or two 

### 2

Street parking? 

### No

1 County of Maui Planning Dept. 2003 count

PI Monitor Information N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM N/A N/A

Parameter Code 88101 Not entered Not entered

Manufacturer Met

- One RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 170 Not entered Not entered

Monitoring start date 3/1/13 3/1/13 3/1/13

Frequency continuous continuous continuous

Probe material N/A N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 37 State of Hawaii



### ( PI ) Paia continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 Location of probe

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 1.8

Width (m) 1.1

Depth (m) 0.6

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) N/A

Height of probe above ground (m) 2.5

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 9 E

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 36

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 52.6

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) 18 N

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) 9

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None

Unrestricted airflow 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? packed dirt

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 Spatial scale Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging times (informational only) 24

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months

Site type 1 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1

Suitable for comparison against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? N o

. Monitor is a SPMS operating for

less than 24 months

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient ai r quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP None Station began operating 3/1/13

Last NPAP Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site.

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) Not yet performed Station began operating 3/1/13. Audit will be

performed in 2013

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) None to date

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration Not Applicable No gas monitoring at this site

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): None.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 38 State of Hawaii 

## (NI) NIUMALU

AQS: 15 0070007 Type : SPMS County: Kauai MSA: N ot in a MSA

Address: 2342 Hulemalu Rd., Lihue, HI 96766

Latitude: 21.9495 Longitude:

- 159.365 Elevation: 11 m MSL

Location Description:

Located on a private residential property approximately 1 mile downwind of Nawiliwili Harbor, this station

was established to monitor the impact of cruise ship emissions on nearby communities. This station

began operating in April 2011.

Type of Roadway 

### Hulemalu Rd. Niumalu Rd.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X X

Distance from air intake (m) 

### 44.4 309.7

Direction from air inlet 

### NW NE

Composition of roadway 

### asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2 1

Average daily traffic 

### 100 1 

### 30 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 15 20

Traffic one way or two 

### 2 2

Street parking? 

### No No

1 Estimated only, no data available, roads are for local resid ential access

NI MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

SO 2 NO 2 PM 2.5 CO 1 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 1/FRM 1/FEM 1/FRM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM SPM SPM SPM N/A N/A

Parameter Code 42401 42602 88101 42101 N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer TECO Teledyne API Met One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. 43i 200E BAM1020 48C 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 060 099 1 70 054 Not

entered Not

entered

Monitoring start date 4/1/2011 4/1/2011 4/1/2011 5/18/ 20 11 4/1/2011 4/1/2011

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material Glass Glass N/A Glass N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) 16.58 16.58 N/A 16.58 N/A N/A

1 

### CO monitor permanently discontinued after 4/25/132013 Annual Network Plan 

## 39 State of Hawaii



### NI Niumalu continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 Gases ( CO, SO 2 , NO 2 )

Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 2.9 2.9

Width (m) 4.9 4.9

Depth (m) 2.4 2.4

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 4 4

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 5.2 ESE 5.2 ESE

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 44.4 44.4

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A N/A

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) 14.6 W 14.6 W

Height of nearest possible obstacle (m) 7. 2 7. 2

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A

Unrestricted airflow 

### 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 CO NO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24

- hr 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr; annual 1

- hr; 8

- hr 1

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3 3 3 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 4 1, 4 1, 4 1, 4

Suitable for comparison against the

annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air po llution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient air quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution researc h

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 2/3/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 2/2/12 Passed

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 10/18/12 Passed with following notes:

SO 2 audit pts. 6, 7, 9 : > 10% (warning level)

NO 2 audit pts. 6, 7 : > 10% (warning level)

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/31/12, 11/21/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data ( <75% data): CO 1/1

- 1/12/12: 59% Obs. Machine malfunction.

CO 6/4

- 6/26/12: 23% Obs. Poor QA results.

SO 2 6/4

- 6/26/12: 23% Obs. Poor QA results

NO 2 1/1

- 1/12/12: 59% Obs. Machine malfunction.

NO 2 6/4

- 6/26/12: 23% Obs. Poor QA results.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None. CO monitor shut

- down on 4/25/13.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 40 State of Hawaii 

## (HL) HILO

AQS: 150011006 Type: SLAMS (SO 2 

### );

SPMS (PM 2.5 

### ) County: Hawaii MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: 1099 Waianuenue Ave., Hilo, HI 96720

Latitude: 19.71756 Longitude:

- 155.11053 Elevation: 136.8 m MSL

Location Description:

Located on the grounds of the Adult Rehabilitation Center of Hilo, near the Hilo Medical Center, this site

was originally established to monitor volcanic emissions during non

- prevalent wind conditions. This

station has been operating since 1997.

Type of Roadway Waianuenue Ave.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road

Distance from air intake (m) 20

Direction from air inlet N

Composition of roadway Asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2

Average daily traffic 15,000 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 3 5

Traffic one way or two 2

Street parking? No

1 Estimate only, no data available , based on observations

HL MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD AT

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 1/FEM Info only Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM SLAMS N/A N/A N/A

Parameter Code 88101 42401 N ot entered N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer Met

- One TECO RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43A 05103VP 05103VP 41342VC

AQS Method Code 170 060 Not entered Not entered Not entered

Monitoring start date 5/1/08 1/1/1997

-- -- --

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material N/A Glass N/A N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A 18.11 N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 41 State of Hawaii



### HL Hilo continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 3 3

Width (m) 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 5 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 .7 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 4 .7 4

Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 15 N 15 N

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 20 20

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 25 25

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) None None

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) N/A N/A

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) 29 NNW 29 NNW

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24

- hr; annual 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1 1, 2

Suitable for comparison against the

annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pol lution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient air quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 2/10/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 2/10/12 Passed.

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/20/12 PM 2.5 and SO 2 passed.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 6/26/12, 11/27/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): PM 2.5 4/20

- 4/30/12: 67% Obs. Collection error.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 42 State of Hawaii 

## (KN) KONA

AQS: 150011012 Type: SLAMS (SO 2 

### )

SPMS (PM 2.5 

### ) County: Hawaii MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: 81

- 1043 Konawaena School Rd., Kona, HI 96750

Latitude: 19.50978 Longitude:

- 155.91342 Elevation: 517.2 m MSL

Location Description:

This station is located on the upper campus of Konawaena High School. It was established to measure

impacts from volcanic emissions. The station has been operating at this site since 2005.

Type of Roadway 

### Konawaena School Rd. Mamalahoa Hwy.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road X

Distance from air intake (m) 17 702

Direction from air inlet N W

Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 1 2

Average daily traffic 5 00 2 15,503 (2006) 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 10 55

Traffic one way or two 2 2

Street parking? No No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation

2 Estimated only, no data available. T his is a road used for school access only and station is at the

top of the road where there would be less ingress/egress.

KN MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD AT

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 1/FEM Info only Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM SLAMS N/A N/A N/A

Parameter Code 88101 42401 N ot entered N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer Met

- One TECO RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43C 05103VP 05103VP 41342VC

AQS Method Code 170 060 Not entered Not entered Not entered

Parameter start date 3/15 / 20 08 9/ 13/20 05 9/ 13/20 05 9/ 13/20 05 9/ 13/20 05

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material N/A Glass N/A N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A 17.55 N/A N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 43 State of Hawaii



### KN Kona continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2

Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 3 3

Width (m) 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 5 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 1.09

Height of probe above ground (m) 4 4

Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 38 NE 38 NE

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 30 N 30 N

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A N/A

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) 21 SSW 21 SSW

Height of nearest possible obstacle (m) 9 9

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24

- hr; annual 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 4 1, 2, 4

Suitable for comparison against the

annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in supp ort of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with amb ient air quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 3/17/11 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 3/17/11 Did not receive results from EPA

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/25/13 PM 2.5 and SO 2 passed.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/9/12, 11/27/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): PM 2.5 11/9

- 11/16/12: 71% Obs. Maintenance/Routine repairs.

Changes planned in the next 18 months: Pending EPA approval, collocate a PM 2.5 FEM2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 44 State of Hawaii 

## (MV) MOUNTAIN VIEW

AQS: 150012023 Type : SPMS County: Hawaii MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: 17

- 1235 Volcano Rd., Mt. View, HI 96771

Latitude: 19.57002 Longitude:

- 155.08046 Elevation: 436.5 m MSL

Location Description:

This station is located on the grounds of the Mt. View Elementary School. The original Mt. View station,

which began in December 2007, was moved at the ending of 2010 approximately 1.8 miles southwest to

this current location. Due to the proximity of this community to the Kilauea volca no, it was established to

monitor volcanic emissions during non

- trade wind days

.

Type of Roadway 

### Volcano Rd.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road

Distance from air intake (m) 30.5

Direction from air inlet N

Composition of roadway asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2

Average daily traffic 5,207 1 (2006)

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 40

Traffic one way or two 2

Street parking? No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation

MV MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 1/FEM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM SPM N/A N/A

Parameter Code 88101 42401 N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer Met

- One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43i 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 170 060 Not entered Not entered

Parameter start date 12/7/2010 12/8/2010 12/7/2010 12/7/2010

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material N/A Glass N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A 18.16 N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 45 State of Hawaii



### MV Mt. View continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 3 3

Width (m) 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 5 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 4 4

Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 18 W 18 W

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 30.5 30.5

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 46.5 46.5

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) None None

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) N/A N/A

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24

- hr; annual 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1 1

Suitable for comparison against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to dete rmine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient air quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 2/7/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 2/13/12 Passed

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/19/12 PM 2.5 and SO 2 passed.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/2/12, 11/1/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): PM 2.5 7/9

- 7/16/12, 7/19

- 7/30/12: 45% Obs. Poor QA results

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None.2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 46 State of Hawaii 

## (OV) OCEAN VIEW

AQS: 150012020 Type : SPMS County: Hawaii MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: 92

- 6091 Orchid Mauka Circle, Ocean View, HI 96737

Latitude: 19.11756 Longitude:

- 155.77814 Elevation: 862.6 m MSL

Location Description:

This station established in 2010 is located on the grounds of the Ocean View Fire Station. During normal

trade

- winds, volcanic emissions are carried into this residential/agricultural community.

Type of Roadway 

### Orchid Mauka Circ.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X

Distance from air intake (m) 13.6

Direction from air inlet ENE

Composition of roadway asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2

Average daily traffic < 3 ,000 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 25

Traffic one way or two 2

Street parking? No

1 Estimated only, local residential street, no data available

OV MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 1/FEM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM SPM N/A N/A

Parameter Code 88101 42401 N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer Met

- One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43i 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 170 060 Not entered Not entered

Parameter start date 4/1/2010 4/1/2010 4/1/2010 4/1/2010

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material N/A Glass N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A 18.34 N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 47 State of Hawaii



### O V Ocean View continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 3 3

Width (m) 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 5 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1.1 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 4.1 4

Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 7 ENE 7 ENE

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 13.6 13.6

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 6.4 6.4

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from po ssible obstructions not on roof (m) None None

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) N/A N/A

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Middle Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24

- hr; annual 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3, 6 3, 6

Purpose of Monitor 2 1 1

Suitable for comparison against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient ai r quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 2/9/12 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 2/9/12 Passed

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/19/12 Passed with the following note:

SO 2 audit pts. 2, 3, & 10 : >10% (warning level)

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/9/12, 11/1/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): None

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 48 State of Hawaii 

## (PA) PAHALA

AQS: 150012016 Type : SPMS County: Hawaii MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: 96

- 3150 Pikake St., Pahala, HI 96777

Latitude: 19.2039 Longitude:

- 155.48018 Elevation: 320 m MSL

Location Description:

This station is located on the grounds of the Ka’u High/Pahala Elementary School. During normal trade

winds, volcanic emissions are carried into this rural community. The station began operating in 2007.

Type of Roadway 

### Puahala Pumeli

Freeway

Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X X

Distance from air intake (m) 226 61

Direction from air inlet E N

Composition of roadway Asphalt Asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2 2

Average daily traffic < 3 ,000 1 < 3 ,000 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 25 mph 25 mph

Traffic one way or two 2 2

Street parking? No No

1 Estimated only, no data available. Local roads for a community with a 2010 population of about 1,400

PA MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 1/FEM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM SPM N/A N/A

Parameter Code 88101 42401 N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer Met

- One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43i 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 170 060 Not entered Not entered

Parameter start date 4/11/2008 8/10/2007 8/10/2007 8/10/2007

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material N/A Glass N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A 18.22 N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 49 State of Hawaii



### PA Pah a la continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 2.4 2.4

Width (m) 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 6 6

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 3.4 3.4

Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 11 N 11 N

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 48 S 48 S

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 73 S 73 S

D istance & direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) None None

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) N/A N/A

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24

- hr; annual 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1, 4 1, 4

Suitable for comparison against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? Yes

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient ai r quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP 3/17/11 Did not receive results from EPA

Last NPAP 7/29/08 Passed

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/20/12 PM 2.5 and SO 2 passed.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 5/2/12, 11/1/12 Passed, Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): None

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 50 State of Hawaii 

## (PE) PUNA E

AQS: 150012010 Type : SPMS N on

- regulatory County: Hawaii MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: 13

- 763 Leilani Ave., Pahoa, HI

Latitude: 19.46399 Longitude:

- 154.89871 Elevation: 207.9 m MSL

Location Description:

Located on a residential property in Leilani Estates, this station is primarily to monitor emissions from the

nearby geothermal energy facility. In 2005, an SO 2 

### monitor was added to measure any effects from volcanic

emissions. However, since this is primarily an H 2 

### S site, the probe is at breathing height, below EPA

requirements and is therefore non

- regulatory for SO 2



### .

Type of Roadway 

### Leilani Blvd.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X

Distance from air intake (m) 25.6

Direction from air inlet NE

Composition of roadway asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2

Average daily traffic < 5 ,000 1

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 25

Traffic one way or two 2

Street parking? Yes

1 Estimated, no data available, residential street

PE MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

SO 2 H 2 S WS WD

POC/FRM or F EM 1/FEM N/A Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM non

- regulatory SPM N/A N/A

Parameter Code 42401 NA N ot entered N ot entered

Manufacturer TECO TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. 43C 43C 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 060 Not entered Not entered Not entered

Parameter start date 2/16/2005 3/91 3/91 3/91

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material Teflon Teflon N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) 16.24 16.24 N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 51 State of Hawaii



### PE Puna E continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) SO 2 , H 2 S

Location of probe Protrudes from side of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 3

Width (m) 2.4

Depth (m) 5

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) 1.2

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) N/A, probe is on the side of trailer

Height of probe above ground (m) 1.8

Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 17 SW

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 26

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A

D istance from obstructions on roof (m) N/A

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on roof (m) 1.2 NE from side of trailer

Height of nearest possible obstruction (m) N/A

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None

Unrestricted airflow 180°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

SO 2 H 2 S

Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging

times Cannot be compared to NAAQS (non

regulatory). Probe height does not meet 40

CFR 58 App. E, probe at breathing height for

H 2 S , less than the minimum of 2m 1

- hr state standard of

25 ppb

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1 1, 3

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air po llution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient air quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution researc h

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP Not Applicable

Last NPAP 2/14/12 Passed

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/26/12 SO 2 and H 2 S passed.

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Not Applicable No PM samplers at this site

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) Not Applicable No PM samplers at this site

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted on:

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): None

Changes planned in the next 18 months: None2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 52 State of Hawaii 

## ( WL ) WAIKOLOA

AQS: 150012021 Type: SPMS County: Hawaii MSA: No t in a MSA

Address: TMK 3

- 6

- 8

- 002

- 019

Latitude: 19.977467 Longitude:

- 155.798067 Elevation: 180.1 m MSL

Location Description:

The monitor is located within a fenced area that contains a County of Hawaii water tank and pump house,

approximately 3 km northeast of Waikoloa. The area is undeveloped brush land.

Type of Roadway 

### Queen Kaahumanu Hwy. Waikoloa Rd.

Freeway

Major Street or Highway X X

Local Street or Road

Distance from air intake (m) 2, 143 4,580

Direction from air inlet W N

Composition of roadway Asphalt Asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2 2

Average daily traffic 22,100 1 6,000 2

Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 55 55

Traffic one way or two 2 2

Street parking? No No

1 2010 State of Hawaii Data Book 2 Estimated, no data available, estimate based on upper highway A ADT

WL MONITOR INFORMATION N/A = Not Applicable

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD

POC/FRM or FEM 1/FEM 1/FEM Info only Info only

Type of Monitor SPM SPM N/A N/A

Parameter Code 88101 42401 Not entered Not entered

Manufacturer Met

- One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43i 05103VP 05103VP

AQS Method Code 170 060 Not entered Not entered

Monitoring start date 7/1/12 7/1/12 7/1/12 7/1/12

Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material N/A Glass N/A N/A

Residence Time (sec) N/A 18.19 N/A N/A2013 Annual Network Plan 

## 53 State of Hawaii



### WL Waikoloa continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter

Shelter dimensions

Height (m) 3.7 3.7

Width (m) 2.4 2.4

Depth (m) 6 6

Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A

Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 1

Height of probe above ground (m) 4.7 4.7

Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) N/A (no trees, area is shrub

land) N/A (no trees, area is shrub

land)

Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 14 to private service road ;

2,143 to nearest traffic lane 14 to private service road ;

2,143 to nearest traffic lane

Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A N/A

D istance and direction from obstructions on roof (m) None None

Distance & direction from possible obstructions not on

roof (m) 46 ESE 46 ESE

Height of nearest possible obstacle (m) 6.7 6.7

Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) None None

Unrestricted airflow 360° 360°

Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### gravel gravel

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Urban Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging

times (informational only) 24

- hr; annual 1

- hr; 3

- hr; 24

- hr; annual

Sampling season 12

- months 12

- months

Site type 1 3 3

Purpose of Monitor 2 1 1

Suitable for comparison against

the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? No. Monitor is a SPMS

operating for less than 24

months

1 Site Types: 1) located to determine the highest concentrations;

2) located to measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;

3) located to determine the impact of significant sources or source categories on air quality;

4) located to determine general background concentration levels;

5) located to determine extent of regional pollutant transport among populated areas and in support of secondary

standards;

6) located to measure air pollution impacts on visibility, vegetation damage, or other welfare

- based impacts

2 Purposes: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner;

2) Support compliance with ambient ai r quality standards;

3) Support emissions strategy development and track trends in air pollution abatement control measures;

4) Support for air pollution research

DATA QUALITY

Date or

Frequency Result

Last PEP None

Last NPAP None

Date of last annual independent performance audit

(CAB) 9/18/12 Passed with the following note:

SO 2 audit pt. 2 : >10% (warning level)

Frequency of flow rate audits (automated PM) Monthly

Dates of last two semi

- annual flow rate audits (PM) 7/17/12 Passed

Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS Quarterly

Frequency of 1

- pt. QC check for gases Weekly

Frequency of multipoint gas calibration 60 days

Annual data certification submitted Annually by 5/1 submitted

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

Invalid or Missing Data (<75% data): None

Changes planned in the next 18 months: Close this SPM station by July 2014.