State of California

AIR RESOURCES BOARD

CALIFORNIA EVAPORATIVE EMISSION STANDARDS AND TEST PROCEDURES

FOR 2001 AND SUBSEQUENT MODEL MOTOR VEHICLES

Adopted: August 5, 1999 Amended: June 22, 2006

Note: The amendments to this document are shown in underline to indicate additions

and strikeouts to indicate deletions compared to the test procedu res as adopted August 5, 1999.

[This document has been reformatted using a 12-poin t Arial font in order to be consistent with the current formatting practice for Air Resources Board test procedure documents. Consequently, some minor repa gination of certain section and subsection headings was necessary. The resulting changes to the “Table of Contents” are indicated using the same me thod described above.]i TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page No.

PART I. GENERAL CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS

FOR EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS........................ .................................. I-1

A. 40 CFR §86.1801-01 Applicability. ...............

................................................... ... I-1

B. Definitions, Acronyms...........................

................................................... ........... I-2

C. Useful Life .....................................

................................................... .................. I-2

D. General Standards; increase in emissions; unsafe conditions; waivers ............. I-2 1. Light- and Medium-Duty Vehicles................. ........................................... I-2 2. Heavy-Duty Vehicles.............................

................................................... I-3

E. Emission Standards ..............................

................................................... .......... I-4 1. Evaporative Emission Standards for 2001 and Subsequent Model Year Vehicles Other Than Moto rcycles. ............ I-4 2. Evaporative Emission Standards for 2001 and Subsequent Model Year Motorcycles ............. .................................. I-7

PART II. DURABILITY DEMONSTRATION ................. ........................................ II-1

A. Light- and Medium-Duty Vehicles................

................................................... ... II-1 1. Evaporative/refueling emission family determinat ion.............................. II-1 2. Durability Demonstration Procedures for Evaporat ive Emissions........... II-1 3. Assigned DFs ..................................

................................................... II-2 3

4. Emission Data Vehicle Selection ................. ......................................... II-3 4 5. Durability and Emission Testing Requirements; wa ivers ........................ II-4

B. Motorcycles .....................................

................................................... ............... II-4 1. Durability Requirements......................... ................................................. II -4

PART III. EVAPORATIVE EMISSION TEST PROCEDURES

FOR LIGHT- AND MEDIUM-DUTY VEHICLES.............. ....................... III-1

A. Instrumentation.................................

................................................... ............. III-1 1. Diurnal Evaporative Emission Measurement Enclosu re ........................ III-1 2. Running Loss Measurement Facility............... ....................................... III-3 3. Hot Soak Evaporative Emission Measurement Enclos ure................... III-8 9

B. Calibrations ....................................

................................................... ........... III-9 10ii

C. Road Load Power, Test Weight, Inertia Weight Cla ss, and Running Loss Fuel Tank Temperature Profile Det ermination ............... III-14 5

D. Test Procedure..................................

................................................... ........ III-18 9 1. General Requirements............................ ........................................... III-18 9 2. Vehicle Preparation ............................. .............................................. III-2 1 2 3. Vehicle Preconditioning ......................... ............................................ III-21 2 4. Dynamometer Procedure........................... ........................................ III-25 6 5. Engine Starting and Restarting.................. ........................................ III-25 7 6. Dynamometer Test Run, Gaseous and Particulate Em issions.......... III-26 7 7. Vehicle Fuel Tank Temperature Stabilization ..... ............................... III-26 7 8. Running Loss Test............................... .............................................. III-2 6 8

9. Hot Soak Test................................... ................................................. II I-31 3 10. Diurnal Breathing Loss Test .................. .......................................... III-32 4 11. Calculations: Evaporative Emissions............ ..................................... III-34 6

E. Liquefied Petroleum Gas-fueled Vehicles ......... ......................................... III-38 40

F. Fuel Specifications .............................

................................................... ..... III-38 40

G. Alternative Test Procedures .................... .................................................. I II-38 40

H. Use of Comparable Federal Requirements for Carry -across Specifications and Road Profile Correction Factors ................................... III-38 41

PART IV. EVAPORATIVE EMISSION TEST PROCEDURES

FOR MOTORCYCLES.................................. .........................................IV-1I - 1

CALIFORNIA EVAPORATIVE EMISSION STANDARDS AND TEST PROCEDURES

FOR 2001 AND SUBSEQUENT MODEL MOTOR VEHICLES

The provisions of Title 40, Code of Federal Regulat ions (CFR), Part 86, Subparts A and B ( as adopted or amended as of July 1, 1989);

, and Subpart S ( as adopted or amended on May 4, 1999); and, such sections of thes e Subparts as last amended on

such other date set forth next to the 40 CFR Part 8 6 section title listed below, insofar as those subparts pertain to evaporative emission stan dards and test procedures, are hereby adopted as the “ California Evaporative Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Years,” with the following exceptions and

additions:

PART I. GENERAL CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR EVAP ORATIVE

EMISSIONS

A. 40 CFR §86.1801-01 Applicability

.

1.1 These evaporative standards and test procedures are applicable to all new 2001 and subsequent model gasoline-, liquefied petroleum- and alcohol-fueled passenger cars, light-duty trucks, medium-duty vehi cles, heavy-duty vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (including fuel-flexible, dual fu el and bi-fuel vehicles) and motorcycles. These standards and test procedures do not apply to motor vehicles that are exempt from exhaust emission certification, dedicated petr oleum-fueled diesel vehicles, dedicated compressed natural gas-fueled vehicles, o r hybrid electric vehicles that have sealed fuel systems which can be demonstrated to ha ve no evaporative emissions. In cases where a provision applies only to a certain v ehicle group based on its model year, vehicle class, motor fuel, engine type, or ot her distinguishing characteristics, the limited applicability is cited in the appropriate s ection or paragraph.

1.2. For general certification purposes, the requir ements set forth in the

"California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Pro cedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium- Duty Vehicles," as incorporated by reference in section 1961(d), title 13, Californ ia Code of Regulations (CCR), shall apply to light- and medium-duty vehicles; the "Cali fornia Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 1987 and Subsequent Model H eavy-Duty Otto-Cycle Engines and Vehicles," as incorporated by reference in sect ion 1956.8(d), title 13, CCR, shall apply to heavy-duty vehicles; and section 1958, tit le 13, CCR shall apply to motorcycles, except as otherwise noted in these tes t procedures.

1.3 Approval of vehicles that are not exhaust emiss ion tested using a chassis dynamometer pursuant to section 1961, title 13, CCR shall be based on an engineering evaluation of the system and data submitted by the applicant.

1.4. Reference to light-duty trucks in the federal CFR shall mean light-duty trucks and medium-duty vehicles. Regulations conce rning methanol in the Title 40,I - 2

CFR Part 86, shall mean methanol and ethanol, excep t as otherwise indicated in these test procedures.

1.5 The term "[no change]" means that these test pr ocedures do not modify the applicable federal requirement.

1.6 In those instances where the testing conditions or parameters are not practical or feasible for vehicles operating on LPG fuel, the manufacturer shall provide a test plan that provides equal or greater confidence in comparison to these test procedures. The test plan must be approved in adva nce by the Executive Officer.

B. Definitions, Acronyms

These test procedures incorporate by reference the definitions set forth in the

"California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Pro cedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium- Duty Vehicles" as incorporated by reference in section 1961(d), title 13, CCR, inc luding the incorporated definitions from the Code of Federal Regulations.

C. Useful Life

1. §86.1805-01. Delete. For vehicles certified to the emission standards in section E.1.(a), "useful life" shall have the same meaning as provided in section 2112, title 13, CCR. For vehicles certified to the emiss ion standards in sections E.1.(c) and (d), the "useful life" shall be 15 years or 150,000 miles, whichever first occurs.

D. General Standards; increase in emissions; unsafe conditions; waivers

1. Light- and Medium-Duty Vehicles.

1.1 Amend §86.1810-01 (December 8, 2005) and §86.1810

- 04 as follows:

(a) through (g). [The provisions of these paragrap hs are contained in the

“ California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Proc edures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger c C ars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty Vehicles.

, ” adopted August 5, 1999, as last amended June 22, 2006. ” ]

(h) For alcohol vehicles, hydrocarbon evaporative e missions shall be expressed as OMHCE.

(i) [No change.]

(j) Evaporative Emissions general provisions.

(1) The evaporative standards in section E. of this part apply equally to certification and in-use vehicles and tr ucks.I - 3 (2) For certification testing only, a manufacturer may conduct testing to quantify a level of stabilized non-fuel evaporative emissions for an individual certification test vehicle. Testing may be conduct ed on a representative vehicle to determine the non-fuel evaporative emission charact eristics of the certification test

vehicle. The demonstration must be submitted for ad vance approval by the Executive Officer and include a description of the sources of vehicle non-fuel evaporative emissions, the methodology for the quantification o f the non-fuel emissions, an estimated non-fuel emission decay rate, and the sta bilized non-fuel emission level. The demonstrated stabilized level of non-fuel evaporati ve emissions may be used in place of the test vehicle non-fuel evaporative emissions and be combined with the vehicle fuel evaporative emissions to determine compliance with the evaporative emission

standard.

(3) [No change.]

(4) [No change.]

(k) through (n) [The provisions of these paragraphs are contained in the "California Refueling Emission Standards and Test P rocedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Year Motor Vehicles.

, " adopted August 5, 1999, as last amended June 22, 2006.

(o) through (p). [The provisions of these paragrap hs are contained in the

“California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Pro cedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium- Duty Vehicles,” adopted August 5, 1999, as last amended June 22, 2006.]

2. Heavy-Duty Vehicles . Approval of heavy-duty vehicles over 14,000 lbs. GVWR and incomplete medium-duty vehicles shall be b ased on an engineering evaluation of the system and data submitted by the applicant. Such evaluation may include successful public usage on light-duty or me dium-duty vehicles, adequate capacity of storage containers, routing of lines to prevent siphoning, and other emissions-related factors deemed appropriate by the Executive Officer. For LPG systems, this engineering evaluation shall include: emissions from pressure relief valves, carburetion systems and other sources of le akage; emissions due to fuel system wear and aging, and evaporative emission tes t data from light-duty or mediumduty vehicles with comparable systems.I - 4

E. Emission Standards

1. Evaporative Emission Standards for 2001 and Subs equent Model Year Vehicles Other Than Motorcycles.

(a) For the 2001 through 2005 model year vehicles i dentified below, tested in accordance with the test procedure sequen ce set forth in Part III, the maximum projected total hydrocarbon evaporative emi ssions are:

Class of Vehicle Running Loss (grams per mile) Three-Day

Diurnal

+ Hot Soak (grams per test) Two-Day Diurnal

+ Hot Soak (grams per test)

Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks 0.05 2.0 2.5

Medium-Duty Vehicles (6,001 - 8,500 lbs. GVWR)

with fuel tanks < 30 gallons 0.05 2.0 2.5

with fuel tanks > 30 gallons 0.05 2.5 3.0

0.05 3.0 (1) 3.5 Medium-Duty Vehicles (8,501 - 14,000 lbs. GVWR) 0.05 2.0 (2) 3.5

Heavy-Duty Vehicles (over 14,000 lbs. GVWR) 0.05 2.0 4.5

Hybrid Electric PCs,

LDTs and MDVs 0.05 2.0 2.5

(1) The standards in this row apply to medium-duty vehicles certified according to the exhaust standards in section 1961, title 13, CCR.

(2) The standards in this row apply to incomplete m edium-duty vehicles certifying to the exhaust standards in section 1956.8, title 13, CCR.

(b) Zero emission vehicles shall produce zero fuel evaporative emissions under any and all possible operational mo des and conditions.I - 5 (c) The optional zero-fuel evaporative emission sta ndards for the three-day and two-day diurnal-plus-hot-soak tests a re 0.35 grams per test for passenger cars, 0.50 grams per test for light-duty trucks 6,000 lbs. GVWR and under, and 0.75 grams per test for light-duty trucks from 6,001 to 8,500 lbs. GVWR, to account for vehicle non-fuel evaporative emissions (resulti ng from paints, upholstery, tires, and other vehicle sources). Vehicles demonstrating com pliance with these evaporative emission standards shall also have zero (0.0) grams of fuel evaporative emissions per test for the three-day and two-day diurnal-plus-hot -soak tests. The "useful life" shall be 15 years or 150,000 miles, whichever occurs first. In lieu of demonstrating compliance with the zero (0.0) grams of fuel evaporative emiss ions per test over the three-day and two-day diurnal-plus-hot-soak tests, the manufactur er may submit for advance Executive Officer approval a test plan to demonstra te that the vehicle has zero (0.0) grams of fuel evaporative emissions throughout its useful life.

Additionally, in the case of a SULEV vehicle for wh ich a manufacturer is seeking a partial ZEV credit, the manufacturer may prior to c ertification elect to have measured fuel evaporative emissions reduced by a specified v alue in all certification and in-use testing of the vehicle as long as measured mass exh aust emissions of NMOG for the

vehicle are increased in all certification and in-u se testing. The measured fuel evaporative emissions shall be reduced in increment s of 0.1 gram per test, and the

measured mass exhaust emissions of NMOG from the ve hicle shall be increased by a gram per mile factor, to be determined by the Execu tive Officer, for every 0.1 gram per test by which the measured fuel evaporative emissio ns are reduced. For the purpose of this calculation, the evaporative emissions shal l be measured, in grams per test, to a minimum of three significant figures.

(d) For the 2004 and subsequent model motor vehicle s identified below, tested in accordance with the test procedure sequence set forth in Part III, the maximum projected total hydrocarbon evaporative emi ssions are:

Hydrocarbon Standards (1)(2) Vehicle Type

Running Loss (grams per mile) Three-Day

Diurnal + Hot

Soak (grams per test) Two-Day Diurnal

+ Hot Soak (grams per test)

Passenger Cars 0.05 0.50 0.65

Light-Duty Trucks (under 8,501 lbs. GVWR)

6,000 lbs. GVWR and

under 0.05 0.65 0.85

6,001 - 8,500 lbs. GVWR 0.05 0.90 1.15

Medium-Duty VehiclesI - 6

(8,501 - 14,000 lbs. GVWR) 0.05 1.00 1.25

Heavy-Duty Vehicles (over 14,000 lbs. GVWR) 0.05 1.00 1.25

(1) (a) These evaporative emission standards shall be phased-in beginning with the 2004 model year. Each manufacturer, except small volume manufacturers, shall certify at a minimum the specified percentage of its vehicle fle et to the evaporative emission standards in this table or the optional zero-evapor ative emission standards in section E.1.(c) according to the schedule set forth below. For purposes of this paragraph (a),

each manufacturer’s vehicle fleet consists of the t otal projected California sales of the manufacturer’s gasoline-fueled, liquefied petroleum -fueled and alcohol-fueled passenger cars, light-duty trucks, medium-duty vehicles, and heavy-duty vehicles.

Model Year Minimum Percentage of Vehicles Certified to the Standards in Sections E.1.(c) and E.1.(d)

2004 40

2005 80

2006 and subsequent 100

A small volume manufacturer shall certify 100 perce nt of its 2006 and subsequent model vehicle fleet to the evaporative emission standards in the table or the optional zeroevaporative emission standards in section E.1.(c).

All 2004 through 2005 model-year motor vehicles whi ch are not subject to these standards or the standards in section E.1.(c) pursu ant to the phase-in schedule shall comply with the requirements of sections section E. 1.(a).

(b) A manufacturer may use an "Alternative or Equiv alent Phase-in Schedule" to comply with the phase-in requirements. An "Alternative Ph ase-in" is one that achieves at least equivalent emission reductions by the end of the la st model year of the scheduled phasein. Model-year emission reductions shall be calcul ated by multiplying the percent of vehicles (based on the manufacturer's projected Cal ifornia sales volume of the applicable vehicle fleet) meeting the new requireme nts per model year by the number of model years implemented prior to and including the last model year of the scheduled phase-in. The "cumulative total" is the summation of the model-year emission reductions (e.g., the three model-year 40/80/100 percent phase -in schedule would be calculated as: (40%*3 years) + (80%*2 years) + (100%*1 year) =380) . The required cumulative total for the phase-in of these standards is 380 emission red uctions. Any alternative phase-in that results in an equal or larger cumulative total than the required cumulative total by the end of the last model year of the scheduled phase-i n shall be considered acceptable by the Executive Officer only if all vehicles subject to the phase-in comply with the respective requirements in the last model year of t he required phase-in schedule. A

manufacturer shall be allowed to include vehicles i ntroduced before the first model year of the scheduled phase-in (e.g., in the previous ex ample, 10 percent introduced one yearI - 7

before the scheduled phase-in begins would be calcu lated as: (10%*4 years)=40) and

added to the cumulative total.

(c) These evaporative emission standards do not app ly to zero-emission vehicles.

(2) In-use compliance whole vehicle testing shall n ot begin until the motor vehicle is at least one year from the production date and has accumulat ed a minimum of 10,000 miles. For vehicles introduced prior to the 2007 model year, i n-use compliance standards of 1.75 times the "Three-Day Diurnal + Hot-Soak" and "Two-D ay Diurnal + Hot-Soak" gram per test standards shall apply for only the first three model years of an evaporative family

certified to a new standard.

2. Evaporative Emission Standards for 2001 and Subs equent Model Year Motorcycles . The maximum projected evaporative emission stand ards for 2001 and subsequent model gasoline-fueled motorcycles ar e:

Motorcycle Class Hydrocarbons (grams per test)

Class I and Class II (50-279 cc) 2.0

Class III (280 cc and greater) 2.0II - 1

PART II. DURABILITY DEMONSTRATION

A. Light- and Medium-Duty Vehicles

1. Evaporative/refueling emission family determinat ion . §86.1821-01 [No change.]

2. Durability Demonstration Procedures for Evaporat ive Emissions

2.1. §86.1824-01 Amend as follows:

(a) and (b) Delete. (c) [No change.] (d) Delete. (e) [No change.]

2.2. For all passenger cars, light-duty trucks and chassis-certified medium-duty vehicles subject to the standards specified in sect ion I.E of these test procedures, demonstration of system durability and determinatio n of three-day diurnal plus hot soak, two-day diurnal plus hot soak, and running loss emi ssion deterioration factors ("evaporative DFs") for each evaporative/refueling family shall be based on tests of representative vehicles and/or systems. For purpos es of evaporative emission durability testing, a representative vehicle is one which, with the possible exception of the engine and drive train, was built at least thre e months prior to the commencement of evaporative emission testing, or is one which th e manufacturer demonstrates has stabilized non-fuel-related evaporative emissions.

2.3. Prior to commencement of a durability program, the manufacturer shall propose a method for durability testing and for det ermination of evaporative DFs for each evaporative/refueling family. The 4,000 and f ull useful life mile test points (or their equivalent) used in determining a DF must be within the standards of section I.E or data will not be acceptable for use in the calculation o f a DF. A manufacturer is not required to obtain a new approval to use a previously approv ed evaporative emission durability procedure. The Executive Officer shall review the method, and shall approve it if it meets the following requirements:

2.3.1. The method must cycle and test the complete evaporative emission control system for the equivalent of the applicable vehicle useful life (i.e., 100,000 or 120,000 miles) of typical customer use.

2.3.2 The method must reflect the flow of liquid an d gaseous fuel through the evaporative emission control system, and the exposu re (both peak and cyclical) to heat, vibration, and ozone expected based on typical cust omer use through the applicable

useful life.II - 2

2.3.3 The method must have the specifications for a cceptable system performance, including maximum allowable leakage ba sed on typical customer use through the applicable vehicle useful life.

2.4 (a) In addition to the requirements of subparag raph 2.3. above, for evaporative/refueling families subject to testing f or exhaust emission durability, at least one evaporative emission test shall be conducted at 5,000, 40,000, 70,000, and 100,000 mile test points for all passenger car, and light-duty truck durability vehicles and at 5,000, 40,000, 70,000, 90,000, and 120,000 m ile test points for all medium-duty durability vehicles. With prior written approval f rom the Executive Officer, manufacturers may terminate evaporative emissions t esting at the mileage corresponding to 75 percent of the vehicle’s useful life if no significant vehicle maintenance or emissions change are observed. Test ing may be performed at different intervals as determined by the manufacturer using g ood engineering judgment. Evaporative emission testing may be performed at co rresponding exhaust emission mileage points as set forth in Section F.4 (40 CFR §86.1823) of the "California Exhaust

Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty Vehicles," as incorporated by reference in §1961(d), title 13, CCR. The 4,000 and full useful life mile test points (or their equivalent) used in determining a DF must be within the standards of section I.E. or data will not be acceptable for use in the calculat ion of a DF.

(b) For evaporative families subject to the require ments of subparagraph 2.4(a), manufacturers may demonstrate compliance by conducting an exhaust and evaporative emission test sequence at t he end of the useful life of the exhaust durability data vehicle if the procedure se t forth in subparagraph 2.3 includes on-road, useful life deterioration on the evaporati ve test vehicle. The evaporative test vehicle used to meet the criteria in subparagraph 2 .3 must be deteriorated based on typical customer use throughout the applicable usef ul life. The manufacturer may perform unscheduled maintenance on the evaporative test vehicle at the final test point only upon prior Executive Officer approval, which s hall be granted if the Executive

Officer determines that the exhaust emission contro l system will not be affected, and

the manufacturer demonstrates that the effectivenes s of the evaporative emission control system is not diminished. The unscheduled maintenance must be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR §86.1834-01 as amended by th e "California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subseque nt Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty Vehicles," as inc orporated by reference in §1961(d), title 13, CCR.

2.5 The evaporative DFs determined under subparagra ph 2.4, if any, shall be averaged with the evaporative DFs determined under subparagraph 2.3 to determine a single evaporative DF for each evaporative/refuelin g family. Evaporative DFs shall be generated for the running loss test and for the hot soak and the diurnal test in the threeday diurnal sequence, and for the hot soak and the diurnal test in the two-day diurnal sequence. The manufacturer may carry-across the DF generated in the three-day diurnal sequence to the two-day diurnal sequence if the manufacturer can demonstrateII - 3

that the DF generated in the three-day diurnal sequ ence is at least as great as the DF generated in the two-day diurnal sequence.

3. Assigned DFs

3.1. §86.1826-01. [No change.]

3.2 Any manufacturer may request to certify evapora tive/refueling families using assigned DFs for a combined total of 4,500 pr ojected annual California sales of passenger cars, light-duty trucks, medium-duty vehi cles, and heavy-duty engines per manufacturer regardless of total sales.

3.3 Assigned DFs shall be used only where specific evaporative durability data do not exist. Assigned DFs shall be used in l ieu of data from durability vehicle(s) only when a manufacturer demonstrates that it has c ontrol over design specifications, can provide development data, has in-house testing capabilities including accelerated aging of components/systems, and has evaluation cri teria to ensure emission control system (ECS) durability for the vehicle’s useful li fe. The applying manufacturer must demonstrate that evaporative emission control syste m(s) developed or adapted for the particular vehicle will be durable and comply with the applicable emission standards for the vehicle’s useful life. In evaluating any infor mation provided, all relevant test data and design factors shall be considered, including b ut not limited to: canister nominal working capacity and location, purge strategy, meth od of purge control, fuel tank capacity, variables affecting fuel temperature (use of fuel return, material, shape of fuel tank, distance of fuel tank from road surface and d istance from exhaust pipe, total underbody airflow), fuel and vapor hose materials, use of sensors and auxiliary control devices, technical comparison to an evaporative emi ssion control system and the durability of any evaporative emission control syst em components that may have been used in other vehicle applications. The assigned D Fs shall be applied only to entire evaporative/refueling families.

If emission control parts from other certified vehi cles are utilized, then parameter comparisons of the above data must also be provided including part numbers where applicable. Evaporative emission control durabilit y may include special in-house specifications.

3.4 The criteria for evaluating assigned DFs for ev aporative/refueling families

are the same as those for exhaust families. Howeve r, in determining evaporative/refueling family DFs these test procedu res require that an evaporative family DF be determined by averaging DFs obtained f rom durability vehicle testing and from bench testing. Therefore, if a manufacturer m eets the criteria as specified above, the Executive Officer may grant assigned DFs for ei ther (or both) the durability vehicle

DF or the bench DF.II - 4

3.5 Assigned DFs for bench test requirements do not depend upon the 4,500 maximum sales limit. The assigned bench DF is appl icable only to evaporative emission control systems which are similar to those used by the manufacturer for 1998 or later model-year vehicles and where an evaporati ve DF was determined.

4. Emission Data Vehicle Selection

4.1. §86.1828-01 [No change.]

4.2. In selecting medium-duty test vehicles, the Ex ecutive Officer shall consider the availability of test data from compara bly equipped light-duty vehicles and the size of medium-duty vehicles as it relates to t he practicability of evaporative emission testing.

5. Durability and Emission Testing Requirements. ; waivers §86.1829

- 01 [No change.]

5.1. §86.1829-01 (December 8, 2005). [No change, e xcept as otherwise noted.]

5.2. References to the “EPA” shall mean the Executi ve Officer of the Air

Resources Board.

5.3. The optional provision for a manufacturer to p rovide a statement of compliance in lieu of a demonstration of compliance with the supplemental two-day diurnal plus hot soak emission standard for certifi cation purposes, as contained in §86.1829-01(b)(2)(iii), shall be applicable to gaso line- and ethanol-fueled passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles, including hybrid electric, fuel-flexible, dual fuel, and bi-fuel vehicles. Heavy-duty vehicles over 14,000 lbs. GVWR and incomplete medium-duty vehicles shall comply with t he requirements of section I.D.2.

B. Motorcycles

1. Durability Requirements . Certification of a motorcycle evaporative emission control system requires that the manufactu rer demonstrate the durability of each evaporative emission control system family.

1.1 The motorcycle manufacturer can satisfy the veh icle durability testing requirements by performing an evaporative emission test at each scheduled exhaust emission test (40 CFR §86.427-78) during the motorc ycle exhaust emission certification test (40 CFR §86.425-78) for each evaporative emiss ion family. The minimum mileage accumulated shall be the total distance (one-half t he useful life distance), although the manufacturer may choose to extend the durability te st to the useful life distance (40 CFR §86.436-78). The displacement classes and test distances are shown below:II - 5

Displacement

Class Engine Displacement

Range (cc) Total Test Distance (km) Useful Life

Distance (km)

I 50-169 6,000 12,000

II 170-279 9,000 18,000

III 280 and greater 15,000 30,000

(i) All durability vehicles shall be built at least one month before the evaporative emissions test, or the manufacturer mus t demonstrate that the non-fuel related evaporative emissions have stabilized.

(ii) Testing at more frequent intervals than the sc heduled exhaust emissions tests may be performed only when authoriz ed in writing by the Executive

Officer.

(iii) The DF shall be determined by calculating a l east-squares linear regression of the evaporative emissions data with r espect to mileage. The DF is defined as the extrapolated (from the regression) v alue at the useful life distance minus the interpolated value at the total test distance, where these distances are taken from the table in paragraph 1.1, above.

(iv) The extrapolated useful life and total test di stance emissions shall be less than the applicable evaporative emission st andards of section I.E.2 or the data will not be acceptable for use in the calculation o f a DF and demonstration of compliance.

(v) Motorcycle manufacturers may use the ARB Compon ent Bench Test Procedures or propose in their application a m ethod for durability bench testing and determination of a DF for each evaporative fami ly. The Executive Officer shall review the method, and shall approve it if it is si milar to the requirements specified below. Any reference to 4,000 miles and 50,000 mil es shall mean total test distance and useful life distance, respectively, as defined in paragraph II.B.1.1 for the appropriate engine displacement class.

The manufacturer shall propose in its preliminary a pplication for certification a method for durability testing and for determination of a D F for each evaporative family. The 4,000 and 50,000 mile test points (or their equival ent) used in determining the DF must

be within the standards of II.B1.1. or data will no t be acceptable for use in the

calculation of a DF. The Executive Officer shall r eview the method, and shall approve it if it meets the following requirements:II - 6 (A) The method must cycle and test the complete eva porative emission control system for the equivalent of at le ast 50,000 miles of typical customer

use.

(B) The method must reflect the flow of liquid and gaseous fuel through the evaporative emission control system, an d the exposure (both peak and cyclical) to heat, vibration, and ozone expected th rough 50,000 miles of typical

customer use.

(C) The method must have the specifications for acc eptable system performance, including maximum allowable lea kage after 50,000 miles of typical

customer use.

(vi) The DF determined under paragraph II.B.1.1(iii ) shall be averaged with the DF determined under paragraph II.B.1.1(v) to determine a single evaporative emission DF for each evaporative family. For those motorcycles that do not require exhaust emission control system durability testing, the evaporative emission control system DF shall be determined under paragraph II.B. 1.1(v) only. Compliance with the standard shall be demonstrated by performing an eva porative emission test on a stabilized motorcycle. The motorcycle shall have a ccumulated at least the minimum test distance. The extrapolated useful life distan ce emissions after applying the bench test-derived DF shall be less than the applicable e vaporative emission standards of paragraph I.E.2.

(vii) (A) Manufacturers of Class III motorcycles ma y elect to use an assigned evaporative emission control system DF, pr ovided they meet the following requirements: - Annual California motorcycle sales do not exceed 500 units, and

- The evaporative emission control system has been previously certified to meet the emission standards specified in these procedures, or the manufacturer provides test data from previous certi fication demonstrating that the system complies with the durability requirements se t forth in this paragraph.

(B) Manufacturers of Class III motorcycles using an assigned evaporative emission control system DF pursuant to paragraph II.B.1.1(vii)(A) may submit a written request for a waiver of evaporativ e emission testing. The waiver shall be granted if the Executive Officer determines that the motorcycles will comply with the evaporative emission standard. The determination s hall be based on the performance of the evaporative emission control system on other motorcycles, the capacity of vapor storage containers, the routing of lines to prevent siphoning, and other emission-related factors determined by the Executive Officer to be r elevant to evaluation of the waiver
request.II - 7 (C) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as an exemption from the exhaust emission standards and t est procedures applicable pursuant to section 1958, title 13, CCR or paragrap h IV.4.(ii) of these test procedures.

(viii) The emission label (40 CFR §86.413-78) shall identify the evaporative emission family.

1.2 Motorcycle manufacturers with annual sales of l ess than 2,000 units for the three displacement classes in California are no t required to submit the information specified by these test procedures to the Executive Officer. However, all information required by these test procedures must be retained on file and be made available on request to the Executive Officer for inspection. T hese manufacturers shall submit the following information for evaporative emission cert ification:

(i) A brief description of the vehicles to be cover ed by the Executive Order. (The manufacturer’s sales data book or adve rtising, including specifications, will satisfy this requirement for most manufacturers.)

(ii) A statement signed by an authorized representa tive of the manufacturer stating "The vehicles described herein have been tested in accordance with the provisions of the "California Evaporative Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Motor Vehi cles," and on the basis of those tests, are in conformance with the aforementioned s tandards and test procedures."

1.3 The definitions for motorcycle evaporative emis sion families as set forth in EPA’s MSAPC Advisory Circular No. 59, section D sha ll apply.III - 1

PART III. EVAPORATIVE EMISSION TEST PROCEDURES FOR LIGHT- AND

MEDIUM-DUTY VEHICLES

A. Instrumentation

The instrumentation necessary to perform evaporativ e emission testing is described in 40 CFR 86.107-90. The following langua ge is applicable in lieu of 40 CFR §86.107-90(a)(1):

1. Diurnal Evaporative Emission Measurement Enclosure

1.1 The diurnal evaporative emissions measurement e nclosure shall be equipped with an internal blower or blowers coupled with an air temperature management system (typically air to water heat exch angers and associated programmable temperature controls) to provide for a ir mixing and temperature control. The blower(s) shall provide a nominal total flow ra te of 0.8 ± 0.2 ft 3 /min per ft 3 of the nominal enclosure volume, V
n . The inlets and outlets of the air circulation bl ower(s) shall be configured to provide a well dispersed air circulation pattern that produces effective internal mixing and avoids significant te mperature or hydrocarbon and alcohol stratification. The discharge and intake air diffu sers in the enclosure shall be configured and adjusted to eliminate localized high air velocities which could produce non-representative heat transfer rates between the vehicle fuel tank(s) and the air in the enclosure. The air circulation blower(s), plus any additional blowers if needed, shall also maintain a minimum wind speed of 5 mph under t he fuel tank of the test vehicle. The Executive Officer may adjust wind speed and loc ation to ensure sufficient air circulation around the fuel tank. The wind speed r equirement may be satisfied by consistently using a blower configuration that has been demonstrated to meet a broad 5-mph air flow in the vicinity of the vehicle's fue l tank, subject to verification by the

Executive Officer.

The enclosure temperature shall be taken with therm ocouples located 3 feet above the floor of the approximate mid-length of each side wa ll of the enclosure and within 3 to 12 inches of each side wall and with a thermocouple lo cated underneath the vehicle where it would provide a temperature measurement represen tative of the temperature of the air under the fuel tank. The temperature condition ing system shall be capable of controlling the internal enclosure air temperature to follow the prescribed temperature versus time cycle as specified in 40 CFR §86.133-90 as modified by paragraph III.D.10 (diurnal breathing loss test) of these procedures w ithin an instantaneous tolerance of

± 3.0 o F and an average tolerance of ± 2.0 o F as measured by the vehicle underbody thermocouple, and within an instantaneous tolerance of ± 5.0 o F as measured by the side wall thermocouples. The control system shall be tuned to provide a smooth temperature pattern which has a minimum of overshoo t, hunting, and instability about the desired long term temperature profile.III - 2

1.2 The enclosure shall be of sufficient size to co ntain the test vehicle with personnel access space. It shall use materials on its interior surfaces which do not adsorb or desorb hydrocarbons, or alcohols (if the enclosure is used for alcohol-fueled vehicles). The enclosure shall be insulated to ena ble the test temperature profile to be achieved with a heating/cooling system which has mi nimum surface temperatures in the

enclosure no less than 25.0 o F below the minimum diurnal temperature specificati on. The enclosure shall be equipped with a pressure tra nsducer with an accuracy and precision of ± 0.1 inches H 2 O. The enclosure shall be constructed with a minim um number of seams and joints which provide potential leakage paths. Particular attention shall be given to sealing and gasketing of such sea ms and joints to prevent leakage.

1.3 The enclosure shall be equipped with features w hich provide for the effective enclosure volume to expand and contract i n response to both the temperature changes of the air mass in the enclosure, and any f luctuations in the ambient barometric pressure during the duration of the test . Either a variable volume enclosure or a fixed volume enclosure may be used for diurnal emission testing.

1.3.1 The variable volume enclosure shall have the capability of latching or otherwise constraining the enclosed volume to a kno wn, fixed value, V
n . The V
n shall be determined by measuring all pertinent dimensions of the enclosure in its latched configuration, including internal fixtures, based o n a temperature of 84 o F, to an accuracy of ± 1/8 inch (0.5 cm) and calculating the net V
n to the nearest 1 ft 3 . In addition, V
n shall be measured based on a temperature of 65 o F and 105 o F. The latching system shall provide a fixed volume with a n accuracy and repeatability of

0.005xV
n . Two potential means of providing the volume acco mmodation capabilities are a moveable ceiling which is joined to the enclo sure walls with a flexure; or a flexible bag or bags of Tedlar or other suitable materials w hich are installed in the enclosure and provided with flowpaths which communicate with the ambient air outside the enclosure. By moving air into and out of the bag(s ), the contained volume can be adjusted dynamically. The total enclosure volume a ccommodation shall be sufficient to balance the volume changes produced by the differen ce between the extreme enclosure temperatures and the ambient laboratory t emperature with the addition of a superimposed barometric pressure change of 0.8 in. Hg. A minimum total volume accommodation range of ± 0.07xV
n shall be used. The action of the enclosure volume accommodation system shall limit the differential b etween the enclosure internal pressure and the external ambient barometric pressu re to a maximum value of ± 2.0

inches H 2 O.

1.3.2 The fixed volume enclosure shall be construct ed with rigid panels that maintain a fixed enclosure volume, which shall be r eferred to as V
n . V
n shall be determined by measuring all pertinent dimensions of the enclosure including internal fixtures to an accuracy of ± 1/8 inch (0.5 cm) and calculating the net V
n to the nearest 1

ft 3 . The enclosure shall be equipped with an outlet f low stream that withdraws air at a low, constant rate and provides makeup air as neede d, or by reversing the flow of air into and out of the enclosure in response to rising or falling temperatures. If inlet air isIII - 3

added continuously throughout the test, it must be filtered with activated carbon to provide a relatively constant hydrocarbon and alcoh ol level. Any method of volume

accommodation shall maintain the differential betwe en the enclosure internal pressure and the barometric pressure to a maximum value of ± 2.0 inches of water. The equipment shall be capable of measuring the mass of hydrocarbon, and alcohol (if the enclosure is used for alcohol-fueled vehicles) in t he inlet and outlet flow streams with a resolution of 0.01 gram. A bag sampling system may be used to collect a proportional sample of the air withdrawn from and admitted to th e enclosure. Alternatively, the inlet and outlet flow streams may be continuously analyze d using an on-line Flame Ionization Detector (FID) analyzer and integrated w ith the flow measurements to provide a continuous record of the mass hydrocarbon and alcohol removal.

1.4. An online computer system or stripchart record er shall be used to record the following parameters during the diurnal evapora tive emissions test sequence:

-Enclosure internal air temperature -Diurnal ambient air temperature specified profile as defined in 40 CFR §86.133-90 as modified in paragraph III.D.10 (diurn al breathing loss test). -Vehicle fuel tank liquid temperature -Enclosure internal pressure -Enclosure temperature control system surface tempe rature(s) -FID output voltage recording the following paramet ers for each sample analysis:

-zero gas and span gas adjustments -zero gas reading -enclosure sample reading -zero gas and span gas readings

The data recording system shall have a time resolut ion of 30 seconds and shall provide a permanent record in either magnetic, electronic o r paper media of the above parameters for the duration of the test.

1.5 Other equipment configurations may be used if a pproved in advance by

the Executive Officer. The Executive Officer shall approve alternative equipment configurations if the manufacturer demonstrates tha t the equipment will yield test results equivalent to those resulting from use of t he specified equipment.

2. Running Loss Measurement Facility

2.1 For all types of running loss measurement test facilities, the following shall apply:

2.1.1. The measurement of vehicle running loss fuel vapor emissions shall be conducted in a test facility which is maintained at a nominal ambient temperature ofIII - 4

105.0 o F. Manufacturers have the option to perform runnin g loss testing in either an enclosure incorporating atmospheric sampling equipm ent, or in a cell utilizing point source sampling equipment. Confirmatory testing or in-use compliance testing may be conducted by the Executive Officer using either sam pling procedure. The test facility shall have space for personnel access to all sides of the vehicle and shall be equipped with the following test equipment:

-A chassis dynamometer which meets the requirements of 40 CFR §86.108-00 with the following addition to §86.108-0 0(d):

Another dynamometer configuration may be used for r unning loss testing if approved in advance by the Executive Off icer based on a demonstration that measured running loss emissions are equivalent to the emissions using the single-roll e lectric dynamometer described in 86.108-00(b)(2). -A fuel tank temperature management system which me ets the requirements specified in 2.1.3 of this paragraph. -A running loss fuel vapor hydrocarbon analyzer whi ch meets the requirements specified in 40 CFR §86.107-90(a)(2)(i ) and a running loss fuel vapor alcohol analyzer which meets the require ments specified in 40 CFR §86.107-90(a)(2)(ii). -A running loss test data recording system which me ets the requirements specified in 2.1.4 of this paragraph.

2.1.2. All types of running loss test facilities sh all be configured to provide an internal ambient temperature of 105 o F ± 5 o F maximum and ± 2 o F on average throughout the running loss test sequence. This sh all be accomplished by any one or combination of the following techniques:

-Using the test facility without artificial cooling and relying on the residual heat in the test vehicle for temperature achievemen t. -Adding insulation to the test facility walls. -Using the test facility artificial cooling system (if so equipped) with the setpoint of the cooling system adjusted to a value not lower than 105.0 o F, where the cooling system set point refers to the in ternal test facility air
temperature. -Using a full range test facility temperature manag ement system with heating and cooling capabilities.

2.1.3. Cell/enclosure temperature management shall be measured at the inlet of the vehicle cooling fan. The vehicle cooling fan s hall be a road speed modulated fan which is controlled to a discharge velocity which m atches the dynamometer roll speed at least up to 30 mph throughout the driving cycle. The fan outlet may discharge airflow to both the vehicle radiator air inlet(s) and the v ehicle underbody. An additional fan, not to exceed 8,000 cfm, may be used to discharge airfl ow from the front of the vehicle directly to the vehicle underbody to control fuel t emperatures.III - 5

The fuel tank temperature management system shall b e configured and operated to control the fuel tank temperature profile of the te st vehicle during the running loss test sequence. The use of a discrete fuel tank temperat ure management system is not required provided that the existing temperature and airflow conditions in the test facility are sufficient to match the on-road fuel tank liqui d (T liq ) temperature profile of the test

vehicle within a tolerance of ± 3.0 o F throughout the running loss driving cycle, and, i f applicable, the fuel tank vapor (T vap ) temperature profile of the test vehicle within a

tolerance of ± 5 o F throughout the running loss driving cycle and ± 3 .0 o F during the final 120 second idle period of the test. The system sha ll provide a ducted air flow directed at the vehicle fuel tank which can be adjusted in f low rate and/or temperature of the discharge air to manage the fuel tank temperature. The system shall monitor the vehicle fuel tank temperature sensors located in th e tank according to the specifications in paragraph III.C.1 (40 CFR §86.129-80) during the running loss drive cycle. The measured temperature shall be compared to a referen ce on-road profile for the same platform/powertrain/fuel tank combination developed according to the procedures in section III.C.1 (40 CFR §86.129-80). The system sh all adjust the discharge flow and/or temperature of the outlet duct to maintain the tank liquid temperature profile within ±

3.0 o F of the reference on-road liquid temperature profi le throughout the test. If applicable, the vapor temperature shall match the r eference on-road vapor temperature profile within ± 5.0 o F throughout the test and ± 3.0 o F during the final 120 second idle period. The system shall be designed to avoid heat ing or cooling of the fuel tank vapor space in a way that would cause vapor temperature b ehavior to be unrepresentative of the vehicle's on-road vapor profile. The system sh all provide a discharge airflow up to 4,000 cfm. With advance Executive Officer approval , the system may provide a discharge airflow with a maximum of 6,000 cfm.

Blowers or fans shall be used to mix the enclosure contents during evaporative emission testing. The blowers or fans shall have a total capacity of at least 1.0 ft 3 /min per ft 3 of V
n . The inlets and outlets of the air circulation bl ower(s) shall be configured to provide a well dispersed air circulation pattern th at produces effective internal mixing and avoids significant temperature or hydrocarbon a nd alcohol stratification.

The temperature of the air supplied to the outlet d uct shall be within a range of 90 o F to

160 o F for systems which utilize artificial heating and/ or cooling of the air supply to the outlet duct. This requirement does not apply to sy stems which recirculate air from inside the test cell without temperature conditioni ng the airflow. The control system shall be tuned and operated to provide a smooth and continuous fuel tank temperature profile which is representative of the on-road temp erature profile.

Direct fuel heating may be used to control fuel tem peratures for vehicles under exceptional circumstances in which airflow alone is insufficient to control fuel temperatures. The heating system must not cause ho t spots on the tank wetted surface that could cause local overheating of the f uel. Heat must not be applied to the vapor in the tank above the liquid fuel, nor near t he liquid-vapor interface.III - 6

2.1.4. An on-line computer system or strip-chart re corder shall be used to record the following parameters during the running loss te st sequence:

-Cell/enclosure ambient temperature -Vehicle fuel tank liquid (T liq ) and, if applicable, vapor space (T vap ) temperatures -Vehicle coolant temperature -Vehicle fuel tank headspace pressure -Reference on-road fuel tank temperature profile de veloped according to paragraph III.C.1 (40 CFR §86.129-80) -Dynamometer rear roll speed (if applicable) -FID output voltage recording the following paramet ers for each sample analysis: -zero gas and span gas adjustments -zero gas reading -dilute sample bag reading (if applicable) -dilution air sample bag reading (if applicable) -zero gas and span gas readings

-methanol sampling equipment data:

-the volumes of deionized water introduced into eac h impinger -the rate and time of sample collection -the volumes of each sample introduced into the gas chromatograph -the flow rate of carrier gas through the column -the column temperature -the chromatogram of the analyzed sample

2.2. If an enclosure, or atmospheric sampling, runn ing loss facility is used, the following requirements (in addition to those in sub paragraph 2.1 above) shall also be applicable:

2.2.1. The enclosure shall be readily sealable and rectangular in shape. When sealed, the enclosure shall be gas tight in accorda nce with 40 CFR 86.117-90. Interior surfaces shall be impermeable and non-reactive to h ydrocarbons, and to alcohol (if the enclosure is used for alcohol-fueled vehicles). On e surface should be of flexible, impermeable, and non-reactive material to allow for minor volume changes, resulting from temperature changes.

2.2.2. In the event an artificial cooling or heatin g system is used, the surface temperature of the heat exchanging elements shall b e a minimum of 70.0 o F.

2.2.3. The enclosure shall be equipped to supply ai r to the vehicle, at a temperature of 105 ± 5 o F, from sources outside of the running loss enclosu re directlyIII - 7

into the operating engine's air intake system. Sup plemental air requirements shall be supplied by drawing air from the engine intake sour ce.

2.3 If a point source running loss measurement faci lity (cell) is used, the following requirements (in addition to those in sub paragraph 2.1 above) shall also be applicable:

2.3.1. The running loss vapor collection system sha ll be configured to collect all running loss emissions from each of the discrete em issions sources, which include vehicle fuel system vapor vents, and transport the collected vapor emissions to a CFV or PDP based dilution and measurement system. The collection system shall consist of

a collector at each discrete vehicle emissions sour ce, lengths of heated sample line connecting each collector to the inlet of the heate d sample pump, and lengths of heated sample line connecting the outlet of the heated sam ple pump to the inlet of the running loss fuel vapor sampling system. Up to 3 feet of u nheated line connecting each of the vapor collectors to the heated sample lines shall b e allowed. Each heated sample pump and its associated sample lines shall be maint ained at a temperature between

175.0 o F and 200.0 o F to prevent condensation of fuel vapor in the samp le lines. The heated sample pump(s) and its associated flow contr ols shall be configured and operated to draw a flow of ambient air into each co llector at a flow rate of at least 40 standard cubic feet per hour (SCFH). The flow cont rols on each heated sampling system shall include an indicating flow meter which provides an alarm output to the data recording system if the flow rate drops below 40 SC FH by more than 5 percent. The

collector inlet for each discrete emissions source shall be placed in proximity to the source as necessary to capture any fuel vapor emiss ions without significantly affecting flow or pressure of the normal action of the source . The collector inlets shall be designed to interface with the configuration and or ientation of each specific source. For vapor vents which terminate in a tube or hose barb, a short length of tubing of an inside diameter larger throughout its length than the insi de diameter of the vent outlet, may be

used to extend the vent into the mouth of the colle ctor as illustrated in Figure 1. For those vapor vent designs which are not compatible w ith such collector configurations and other emissions sources, the vehicle manufactur er shall supply a collector which is configured to interface with the vapor vent design or the specific emissions source design, and which terminates in a fitting approved by the Executive Officer. The Executive Officer shall approve the fitting if the manufacturer demonstrates that it is capable of capturing all vapors emitted from the so urce.

2.3.2. The running loss fuel vapor sampling system shall be a CFV or PDP based dilution and measurement system which further dilutes the running loss fuel vapors collected by the vapor collection system(s) with ambient air, collects continuously proportional samples of the diluted ru nning loss vapors and dilution air in sample bags, and measures the total dilute flow thr ough the sampling system over each test interval. In practice, the system shall be co nfigured and operated in a manner which is directly analogous to an exhaust emissions constant volume sampling system, except that the input flow to the system is the flo w from the running loss vapor collectionIII - 8

system(s) instead of vehicle exhaust flow. The sys tem shall be configured and operated to meet the following requirements:

(1) The running loss fuel vapor sampling system sha ll be designed to measure the true mass of fuel vapor emissions colle cted by the running loss vapor collection system from the specified discrete emiss ions source. The total volume of the mixture of running loss emissions and dilution air shall be measured, and a continuously proportionated sample of volume shall be collected for analysis. Mass emissions shall be determined from the sample conce ntration and total flow over the test period.

(2) The PDP-CVS shall consist of a dilution air fil ter and mixing assembly, heat exchanger, positive displacement pum p, sampling system, and associated valves, pressure and temperature sensors . The PDP-CVS shall conform to the following requirements:

-The gas mixture temperature, measured at a point i mmediately ahead of the positive displacement pump, shall be w ithin ± 10 o F of the designed operating temperature at the start of the test. The gas mixture temperature variation from its value at the start of the test

shall be limited to ± 10 o F during the entire test. The temperature measuring system shall have an accuracy and precisi on of ± 2 o F.

-The pressure gauges shall have an accuracy and pre cision of ± 1.6 inches of water (± 0.4 kPa).

-The flow capacity of the CVS shall not exceed 350 CFM (0.165 m 3 /s).

- Sample collection bags for dilution air and runni ng loss fuel vapor samples shall be sufficient size so as not to imped e sample flow.

(3) The CFV sample system shall consist of a diluti on air filter and mixing assembly, a sampling venturi, a critical flo w venturi, a sampling system and assorted valves, and pressure and temperature senso rs. The CFV sample system shall conform to the following requirements:

-The temperature measuring system shall have an acc uracy and precision of ± 2 o F and a response time of 0.100 seconds of 62.5 percent of a temperature change (as measured in hot silicone oil). -The pressure measuring system shall have an accura cy and precision of ± 1.6 inches of water (0.4 kPa). -The flow capacity of the CVS shall not exceed 350 CFM (0.165 m 3 /s). -Sample collection bags for dilution air and runnin g loss fuel vapor samples shall be of sufficient size so as not to im pede sample flow.III - 9

2.3.3. The on-line computer system or strip-chart r ecorder specified in 2.1.4 of this paragraph shall be used to record the followin g additional parameters during the running loss test sequence, if applicable:

-CFV (if used) inlet temperature and pressure -PDP (if used) inlet temperature and pressure and differential pressure -Running loss vapor collection system low flow alar m events

2.4. Other equipment configurations may be used if approved in advance by

the Executive Officer. The Executive Officer shall approve alternate equipment configurations if the manufacturer demonstrates tha t the equipment will yield test results equivalent to those resulting from use of t he specified equipment.

3. Hot Soak Evaporative Emission Measurement Enclos ure

The enclosure shall be readily sealable, rectangula r in shape, with space for personnel access to all sides of the vehicle. When sealed, the enclosure shall be gas tight in accordance with §86.117-90. Interior surf aces shall be impermeable and non-reactive to hydrocarbon, and to alcohol (if the enclosure is used for alcohol-fueled vehicles). One surface shall be of flexible, imper meable and non-reactive material to allow for minor volume changes, resulting from temp erature changes. The enclosure shall be configured to provide an internal enclosur e ambient temperature of 105 o F ± 5 o F

maximum and ±2 o F on average during the test time interval from 5 m inutes after the

enclosure is closed and sealed until the end of the one hour hot soak interval. For the first 5 minutes, the ambient temperature shall be m aintained at 105 o F ± 10 o F. The enclosure shall be equipped with an internal air ci rculation blower(s). The blower(s) shall be sized to provide a nominal total flow rate within a range of 0.8 ± 0.2 ft 3 /min per

ft 3 of V
n . The inlets and outlets of the blower(s) shall be configured to provide a well dispersed air circulation pattern that produces eff ective internal mixing and avoids significant temperature or hydrocarbon and alcohol stratification. The discharge and

intake air diffusers in the enclosure shall be conf igured and adjusted to eliminate localized high air velocities which could produce n on-representative heat transfer rates between the vehicle fuel tank(s) and the air in the enclosure. The enclosure temperature shall be taken with thermocouples locat ed 3 feet above the floor of the approximate mid-length of each side wall of the enc losure and within 3 to 12 inches of each side wall. This shall be accomplished by any one or combination of the following techniques:

-Using the enclosure without artificial cooling and relying on the residual

heat in the test vehicle for temperature achievemen t.

-Adding insulation to the enclosure walls.

-Using the enclosure artificial cooling system (if so equipped) with the set point of the cooling system adjusted to a value not lower than 105.0 o F,III - 10 where the cooling system set point refers to the in ternal enclosure air
temperature.

-Using a full range enclosure temperature managemen t system with heating and cooling capabilities.

In the event an artificial cooling or heating syste m is used, the surface temperature of the heat exchanging elements shall be a minimum of 70.0 o F.

The requirements in 40 CFR §86.107-90(a)(4) shall n ot apply.

B. Calibrations

1. Evaporative emission enclosure calibrations are specified in 40 CFR §86.117-90. Methanol measurements may be omitted w hen methanol-fueled vehicles will not be tested in the evaporative enclosure. A mend 40 CFR §86.117-90 to include
an additional subsection 1.1, to read:

1.1 Diurnal evaporative emission enclosure. The di urnal evaporative

emission measurement enclosure calibration consists of the following parts: initial and periodic determination of enclosure background emis sions, initial determination of enclosure volume, and periodic hydrocarbon (HC) and methanol retention check and calibration. Calibration for HC and methanol may b e conducted in the same test run or in sequential test runs.

1.1.1 The initial and periodic determination of enc losure background emissions shall be conducted according to the procedures spec ified in §86.117-90(a)(1) through (a)(6). The enclosure shall be maintained at a nom inal temperature of 105.0 o F throughout the four hour period. Variable volume e nclosures may be operated in either the latched volume configuration, or with the varia ble volume feature active. Fixed volume enclosures shall be operated with inlet and outlet flow streams closed. The allowable enclosure background emissions of HC and/ or methanol as calculated according to 40 CFR §86.117-90(a)(7) shall not be g reater than 0.05 grams in 4 hours. The enclosure may be sealed and the mixing fan oper ated for a period of up to 12 hours before the initial HC concentration reading ( C HCi ) and the initial methanol concentration reading (C CH3OHi ) is taken and the four hour background measurement period begins.

1.1.2 The initial determination of enclosure intern al volume shall be performed according to the procedures specified in paragraph III.A.1.3. If the enclosure will be used for hot soak determination, the determination of enclosure internal volume shall also be performed based on 105 o F.

1.1.3 The HC and methanol measurement and retention checks shall evaluate the accuracy of enclosure HC and methanol mass meas urements and the ability of theIII - 11

enclosure to retain trapped HC and methanol. The c heck shall be conducted over a 24 hour period with all of the normally functioning su bsystems of the enclosure active. A known mass of propane and/or methanol shall be inje cted into the enclosure and an initial enclosure mass measurement(s) shall be made . The enclosure shall be subjected to the temperature cycling specified in p aragraph III.D.10.1.7. of these procedures (revising 40 CFR §86.133-90(l)) for a 24 hour period. The temperature cycle shall begin at 105  F (hour 11) and continue according to the schedule until a full 24-hour cycle is completed. A final enclosure mass measurement(s) shall be made. The following procedure shall be performed prior to the introduction of the enclosure into service and following any modifications or rep airs to the enclosure that may impact the integrity of this enclosure; otherwise, the fol lowing procedure shall be performed on a monthly basis. (If six consecutive monthly reten tion checks are successfully completed without corrective action, the following procedure may be determined quarterly thereafter as long as no corrective actio n is required.)

(a) Zero and span the HC analyzer.

(b) Purge the enclosure until a stable enclosure HC level is attained.

(c) Turn on the enclosure air mixing and temperatur e control system and adjust it for an initial temperature of 105.0 o F and a programmed temperature profile covering one diurnal cycle over a 24 hour period ac cording to the profile specified in paragraph III.D.10.1.7. of these procedures (revisi ng 40 CFR §86.133-90). Close the enclosure door. On variable volume enclosures, lat ch the enclosure to the enclosure

volume measured at 105 o F. On fixed volume enclosures, close the outlet an d inlet flow

streams.

(d) When the enclosure temperature stabilizes at 10 5.0 o F ± 3.0 o F seal the enclosure; measure the enclosure background HC concentration (C HCe1 ) and/or background methanol concentration (C CH3OH1 ) and the temperature (T 1 ), and pressure (P 1 ) in the enclosure.

(e) Inject into the enclosure a known quantity of p ropane between 2 to 6 grams and/or a known quantity of methanol in gase ous form between 2 to 6 grams. For evaporative emission enclosures that will be us ed for testing motor vehicles certified to the reduced evaporative standards in P art I, sections E.1.(c) and (d), use a known amount of propane or gaseous methanol between 0.5 to 1.0 grams. The injection method shall use a critical flow orifice to meter the propane and/or methanol at a measured temperature and pressure for a measured time period. Techniques which provide an accuracy and precision of ± 0.5 percent of the injected mass are also acceptable. Allow the enclosure internal HC and/or methanol concentration to mix and stabilize for up to 300 seconds. Measure the enclo sure HC concentration (C HCe2 ) and/or the enclosure methanol concentration (C CH3OH2 ). For fixed volume enclosures, measure the temperature (T 2 ) and pressure in the enclosure (P 2 ). On variable volume enclosures, unlatch the enclosure. On fixed volume enclosures, open the outlet andIII - 12

inlet flow streams. Start the temperature cycling function of the enclosure air mixing and temperature control system. These steps shall be completed within 900 seconds of sealing the enclosure.

(f) For fixed volume enclosures, calculate the init ial recovered HC mass (M HCe1 ) according to the following formula:

M HCe1 = (3.05 x V x 10 -4 x [P 2 (C HCe2 - rC CH3OH2 )/T 2 - P 1 (C HCe1 - rC CH3OH1 )/T 1 ])

where:

V is the enclosure volume at 105 o F (ft 3 )

P 1 is the enclosure initial pressure (inches Hg absol ute)

P 2 is the enclosure final pressure (inches Hg absolut e)

C HCen is the enclosure HC concentration at event n (ppm C)

C CH3OHn is the enclosure methanol concentration calculated according to 40 CFR §86.117-90 (d)(2)(iii) at event n (ppm C) r is the FID response factor to methanol

T 1 is the enclosure initial temperature ( o R)

T 2 is the enclosure final temperature ( o R)

For variable volume enclosures, calculate the initi al recovered HC mass and initial recovered methanol mass according to the equations used above except that P 2 and T 2 shall equal P 1 and T 1

.

Calculate the initial recovered methanol mass (M CH3OH1 ) according to 40 CFR §86.117-96(d)(1), as amended March 24, 1993.

If the recovered HC mass agrees with the injected m ass within 2.0 percent and/or the recovered methanol mass agrees with the injected ma ss within 6.0 percent, continue the test for the 24 hour temperature cycling period . If the recovered mass differs from the injected mass by greater than the acceptable pe rcentage(s) for HC and/or methanol, repeat the enclosure concentration measur ement in step (E) and recalculate the initial recovered HC mass (M HCe1 ) and/or methanol mass (M CH3OH1 ). If the

recovered mass based on the latest concentration me asurement agrees within the acceptable percentage(s) of the injected mass, cont inue the test for the 24 hour temperature cycling period and substitute this seco nd enclosure concentration

measurement for C HCe2 and/or C CH3OH2 in all subsequent calculations. In order to be a valid calibration, the final measurement of C HCe2 and C CH3OH2 shall be completed within

the 900 second time limit outlined above. If the d iscrepancy persists, the test shall be

terminated and the cause of the difference determin ed, followed by the correction of the problems(s) and the restart of the test.

(g) At the completion of the 24 hour temperature cy cling period, measure the final enclosure HC concentration (C HCe3 ) and/or the final enclosureIII - 13

methanol concentration (C CH3OH3 ). For fixed-volume enclosures, measure the final pressure (P 3 ) and final temperature (T 3 ) in the enclosure.

For fixed volume enclosures, calculate the final re covered HC mass (M HCe2 ) as follows:

M HCe2 = [3.05 x V x 10 -4 x(P 3 (C HCe3 - rC CH3OH3 )/T 3 - P 1 (C HCe1 - rC CH3OH1 )/T 1 )] + M HC,out - M HC, in

where:

V is the enclosure volume at 105 o F (ft 3 )

P 1 is the enclosure initial pressure (inches Hg absol ute)

P 3 is the enclosure final pressure (inches Hg absolut e)

C HCe3 is the enclosure HC concentration at the end of t he 24 hour temperature cycling period (ppm C)

C CH3OH3 is the enclosure methanol concentration at the en d of the 24 hour temperature cycling period, calculated acco rding to 40 CFR §86.117-90 (d)(2)(iii) (ppm C) r is the FID response factor to methanol

T 1 is the enclosure initial temperature ( o R)

T 3 is the enclosure final temperature ( o R)

M HC,out is mass of HC exiting the enclosure, (grams)

M HC,in is mass of HC entering the enclosure, (grams)

For variable volume enclosures, calculate the final recovered HC mass and final recovered methanol mass according to the equations used above except that P 3 and T 3 shall equal P 1 and T 1 , and M HC, out and M HC, in shall equal zero.

Calculate the final recovered methanol mass (M CH3OH2 ) according to 40 CFR §86.117-96(d)(1), as amended March 24, 1993.

(h) If the calculated final recovered HC mass for t he enclosures is not within 3 percent of the initial enclosure mass or t he calculated final recovered methanol mass for the enclosures is not within 6 percent of the initial enclosure mass, then action shall be required to correct the error to the accep table level.

1.2 The running loss equipment shall be calibrated as follows:

1.2.1 The chassis dynamometer shall be calibrated a ccording to the requirements of 40 CFR §86.118-78. The calibration shall be conducted at a typical ambient temperature of 75 o F ± 5 o F.

1.2.2 The running loss HC analyzer shall be calibra ted according to the requirements of 40 CFR §86.121- 90.III - 14

1.2.3 If a point source facility is used, the runni ng loss fuel vapor sampling system shall be calibrated according to the require ments of 40 CFR§86.119-90, with the additional requirement that the CVS System Veri fication in 40 CFR §86.119-90(c) be conducted by injecting the known quantity of pro pane into the inlet of the most frequently used fuel vapor collector configured to collect vapors from the source of the evaporative emission vapor storage canister. This procedure shall be conducted in the running loss test cell with the collector installed in a vehicle in the normal test configuration, except that the vent hose from the v ehicle evaporative emission canister

shall be routed to a ventilation outlet to avoid un representative background HC concentration levels. The propane injection shall be conducted by injecting approximately 4 grams of propane into the collector while the vehicle is operated over one Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) test procedure, as described in 40 CFR §86.115-78 and Appendix I. The propane inje ction shall be conducted at a typical ambient temperature of 75 o F ± 5 o F.

1.2.4 In the event the running loss test is conduct ed using the atmospheric sampling measurement technique, the following proce dure shall be used for the

enclosure calibration:

(a) The initial and periodic determination of enclo sure background emissions shall be conducted according to the proce dures specified in 40 CFR §86.117-90(a)(1) through (a)(6). The enclosure sha ll be maintained at a nominal temperature of 105.0 o F throughout the four hour period. The allowable e nclosure background emissions as calculated according to 40 CFR §86.117-90 (a)(7) shall not be greater than 0.2 grams in 4 hours. The enclosur e may be sealed and the mixing fan operated for a period of up to 12 hours before the initial HC concentration reading is

taken.

(b) The initial determination of enclosure internal volume shall be performed according to the procedures specified in 40 CFR §86.117-90 (b).

(c) The enclosure shall meet the calibration and re tention requirements of 40 CFR §86.117-90(c). The propane injection recovery test shall be conducted with a test vehicle being driven over one UDDS cycle in the enclosure during the propane injection test. The vehicle used shall be configured and operated under conditions which ensure that its own running loss c ontribution is negligible, by using fuel of the lowest available volatility (7.0 psi RVP), m aintaining the tank temperature at low levels (<100 o F), and routing the canister vent to the outside of the enclosure.

1.2.5 Hot soak enclosure. The hot soak enclosure c alibration consists of the following parts: initial and periodic determinatio n of enclosure background emissions, initial determination of enclosure volume, and peri odic HC and methanol retention

check and calibration. The hot soak enclosure cali bration shall be conducted according to the method specified in section III.B.1.1 with a retention check of 4 hours at 105 o F or the method specified in section III.B.1.2.4. If th e hot soak enclosure is also for diurnalIII - 15

testing, the 4 hour retention check at 105 o F may be replaced by the 24 hour diurnal

retention check.

1.2.6 Diurnal and hot soak enclosure HC analyzer. The HC analyzers used for measuring the diurnal and hot soak samples shall be calibrated according to the requirements of 40 CFR §86.121-90.

1.2.7 Other equipment. Other test equipment includ ing temperature and pressure sensors and the associated amplifiers and recorders, flow measurement devices, and other instruments shall be calibrated and operated according to the manufacturer's specifications and recommendations, and good engineering practice.

C. Road Load Power, Test Weight, Inertia Weight Cla ss, and Running Loss Fuel Tank Temperature Profile Determination

Amend 40 CFR §86.129-80 to include an additional su bsection 1. to read:

1. Determination of running loss test fuel tank tem perature profile. The

manufacturer shall establish for each combination o f vehicle platform/powertrain/fuel tank submitted for certification a representative p rofile of fuel tank liquid and vapor temperature versus time to be used as the target te mperature profile for the running loss evaporative emissions test drive cycle. If a vehicle has more than one fuel tank, a profile shall be established for each tank. If man ufacturers use a vehicle model to develop a profile to represent multiple vehicle mod els, the vehicle model selected must have the greatest expected fuel liquid temperature and fuel vapor temperature increase during driving of all of the vehicle models it will represent. Manufacturers must select test vehicles with any available vehicle options th at could increase fuel temperature during driving, such as any feature that limits und erbody air flow. The profile shall be established by driving the vehicle on-road over the same driving schedule as is used for the running loss evaporative emissions test accordi ng to the following sequence:

1.1. The vehicle to be used for the fuel tank tempe rature profile determination shall be equipped with at least 2 thermocouples ins talled so as to provide a representative bulk liquid average fuel temperature . The specific placement of the thermocouples shall take into account the tank conf iguration and orientation and shall be along the major axis of the tank. The thermocou ples shall not be placed within

internal reservoirs or other locations which are th ermally isolated from the bulk volume of the fuel. The thermocouples shall be placed at a vertical depth equivalent to the mid-volume of the liquid fuel at a fill level of 40 percent of nominal tank capacity. A third thermocouple, shall be installed in the approximate center of the vapor space of the fuel tank. A pressure transducer with a minimum precisi on and accuracy of ± 1.0 inches

H 2 O shall be connected to the vapor space of the fuel tank. A means of conveniently draining the fuel tank shall be provided. The vehi cle shall be equipped with a driver's aid which shall be configured to provide the test d river with the desired UDDS vehicle speed versus time trace as defined in Part 86, Appe ndix I and with the desired NYCCIII - 16

vehicle speed versus time trace as defined in Part 86, Appendix I of the CFR, amended as of March 24, 1993, and the actual vehicle speed. Vehicle coolant temperature shall be monitored to ensure adequate vehicle coolant air to the radiator intake(s). A computer, data logger, or strip chart data recorder shall record the following parameters during the test run:

- Desired speed - Actual speed - Average liquid fuel temperature (T liq ) - Vapor space temperature (T vap ) - Vapor space pressure

The data recording system shall provide a time reso lution of 1 second, and an accuracy of ± 1 mph, ± 2.0 o F, and ± 1.0 inches H 2 O. The temperature and pressure signals may be recorded at intervals of up to 30 seconds.

1.2. The temperature profile determination shall be conducted during ambient

conditions which include:

- ambient temperature above 95 o F and increasing or stable (± 2 o F) - sunny or mostly sunny with a maximum cloud cover of 25 percent - wind conditions calm to light with maximum sustai ned wind speeds of 15 mph; temporary gusts of wind between 15 and 25 m ph may occur up to 5 percent of the total driving time - road surface temperature (T
sur ) at least 30 o F above T amb or at least

135 o F, whichever is less

The track surface temperature shall be measured wit h an embedded sensor, a portable temperature probe, or an infrared pyrometer which c an provide an accuracy of ± 2.0 o F. Temperatures must be measured on a surface represen tative of the surface where the

vehicle is driven. The test shall be conducted on a track or other restricted access facility so that the speed versus time schedule can be maintained without undue safety

risks.

Prior to the start of the profile generation, the f uel tank may be artificially heated to the ambient temperature to a maximum of 105 o F. The vehicle may be soaked in a temperature-controlled enclosure. Fans blowing amb ient air may be used to help control fuel temperatures. Engine idling may not b e used to control fuel temperatures. If the fuel tank is artificially heated, the liquid fuel temperature and the vapor temperature must be stabilized for at least one hou r at the ambient temperature within ±

2 o F to a maximum of 105 o F before the profile generation begins. If the all owance for a lower initial fuel temperature established in secti on III.D.7 is used, the fuel in the test vehicle may not be stabilized at a temperature high er than the established lower initial
temperature.III - 17

Tank pressure shall not exceed 10 inches of water 3 0 seconds after the start of the engine until the end of engine operation during the temperature profile determination unless a pressurized system is used and the manufac turer demonstrates in a separate test that vapor would not be vented to the atmosphe re if the fuel cap was removed at the end of the running loss fuel tank temperature p rofile determination.

1.3. The vehicle fuel tank shall be drained and fil led to 40 percent of the nominal tank capacity with fuel meeting the require ments of paragraph III.D.1. of these procedures. For hybrid electric vehicles, the batt ery state-of-charge shall be set at a level such that the auxiliary power unit would be a ctivated by the vehicle’s control strategy within 30 seconds of starting the first UD DS of the fuel tank temperature profile determination test sequence. If the auxiliary powe r unit is capable of being manually activated, the auxiliary power unit shall be manual ly activated at the beginning of and operating throughout the fuel tank temperature prof ile determination. The vehicle shall be moved to the location where the driving cycle is to be conducted. It may be driven a maximum distance of 5.0 miles, longer distances sha ll require that the vehicle be transported by other means. The vehicle shall be p arked for a minimum of 12 hours in an open area on a surface that is representative of the test road. The orientation of the front of the vehicle during parking (N, SW, etc.) s hall be documented. Once the 12 hour minimum parking time has been achieved and the ambi ent temperature and weather conditions and track surface temperature are within the allowable ranges, the vehicle engine shall be started. The vehicle air condition ing system (if so equipped) shall be set to the "NORMAL" air conditioning mode and adjusted to the minimum discharge air temperature and high fan speed. Vehicles equipped with automatic temperature controlled air conditioning systems shall be operat ed in "AUTOMATIC" temperature and fan modes with the system set at 72 o F. The vehicle may be operated at minimum throttle for periods up to 60 seconds prior to begi nning the first UDDS cycle in order to move from the parking location onto the road surfac e. The driver's aid shall be started and the vehicle operated over one UDDS cycle, then two NYCCs, and another UDDS cycle. The end of each UDDS cycle and the end of t he two NYCCs shall be followed by an idle period of 120 seconds during which the engi ne shall remain on with the vehicle in the same transmission range and clutch (if so equip ped) actuation mode as specified in 40 CFR §86.128-79 except for the following:

Revise section (c) to include: Idle modes may be r un with automatic transmission in "Neutral" and shall be placed in "D rive" with the wheels braked at

least 5 seconds before the end of the idle mode. M anual transmission may be in "Neutral" with the clutch engaged and shall be plac ed in gear with the clutch disengaged at least 5 seconds before the end of the idle mode.

The data recording system shall provide a record of the required parameters over the entire sequence from the initiation of the first UD DS cycle to the end of the third 120 second idle period. Following the completion of th e test, the data recording system and

driver's aid shall be turned off.III - 18

1.4. In addition to the vehicle data recording, the following parameters shall be documented for the running loss test fuel tank temp erature determination:

-Date and time of vehicle fueling -Odometer reading at vehicle fueling -Date and time vehicle was parked and parking locat ion and orientation -Odometer reading at parking -Time and temperature of fuel tank heating, if appl icable -Date and time engine was started -Time of initiation of first UDDS cycle -Time of completion of third 120 second idle period -Ambient temperature and track surface temperature at initiation of first UDDS cycle (T amb1 and T sur1 ) -Ambient temperature and track surface temperature at completion of third 120 second idle period (T amb2 and T sur2 )

1.5. The two UDDS and two NYCC driving traces shall be verified to meet the speed tolerance requirements of 40 CFR 86.115-78 (b )(1), amended as follows:

1.5.1 Revise (v) to read: When conducted to meet the requirements of 40 CFR §86.129, up to three additional occurrences of speed variations greater than the tolerance are acceptable, provided they oc cur for less than 15 seconds on any occasion. All speed variations must be clea rly documented as to the time and speed at that point in relation to the driving schedule.

1.5.2 Add (vi) to read: When conducted to meet th e requirements of 40 CFR §86.129 and §86.132, the speed tolerance sha ll be as specified above, except that the upper and lower limits shall be 4 m ph.

1.6 The following temperature conditions shall be v erified:

(T amb1 ) > 95.0 o F (T amb2 ) > (T amb1 - 2.0 o F) (T sur(n) - T amb (n) ) > 30.0 o F

where n is the incremental measurements in time.

or T
sur > 135 o F

1.7 Failure to comply with any of these requirement s shall result in a void test, and require that the entire test procedure be repea ted beginning with the fuel drain specified in 1.3 of this subparagraph.

1.8 If all of these requirements are met, the follo wing calculations shall be performed:III - 19 T
corr = T (i) - T
o

where: T (i) is the liquid fuel temperature ( o F) or vapor fuel temperature ( o F) during the drive where i is the incremental meas urements in time.

T
o is the corresponding liquid fuel temperature ( o F) or vapor fuel temperature ( o F) observed at the start of the specified driving s chedule

The individual tank liquid (T liq ) and vapor space (T vap ) temperatures recorded during the test run shall be adjusted by arithmetically ad ding the corresponding temperature correction (T
corr ) adjustment calculated above to 105 o F. If T
o is higher than the corresponding ambient temperature by 2 o F, the temperature correction shall be determined by the above equation plus the differenc e in T
o and the corresponding ambient temperature.

1.9. Other methodologies for developing corrected l iquid and vapor space temperature profiles are acceptable if approved in advance by the Executive Officer. The Executive Officer shall approve an alternate me thod if the manufacturer demonstrates equivalence to data collected at 105 o F.

D. Test Procedure

The test sequence described in 40 CFR §86.130 throu gh §86.140 shall be performed with the following modifications:

1. General Requirements

The following language shall be applicable in lieu of 40 CFR §86.130-78:

The test sequence shown in Figure 2 (Figure 3A or 3 B for hybrid electric vehicles) describes the steps encountered as the vehicle unde rgoes the three-day diurnal sequence and the supplemental two-day diurnal seque nce to determine conformity with the standards set forth. Methanol measurements may be omitted when

methanol-fueled vehicles will not be tested in the evaporative enclosure. Ambient temperature levels encountered by the test vehicle throughout the entire duration of this test sequence shall not be less than 68 o F nor more than 86 o F, unless otherwise specified. The temperatures monitored during testi ng shall be representative of those experienced by the test vehicle. The test vehicle shall be approximately level during all phases of the test sequence to prevent abnormal fue l distribution. The temperature tolerance of a soak period may be waived for up to 10 minutes to allow purging of the enclosure or transporting the vehicle into the encl osure.

If tests are invalidated after collection of emissi on data from previous test segments, the test may be repeated to collect only those data poi nts needed to complete emissionIII - 20

measurements. Compliance with emission standards m ay be determined by combining

emission measurements from these different test run s. If any emission measurements are repeated, the new measurements supersede previo us values.

The three-day diurnal test sequence shown in Figure 2 (and Figure 3A or B for hybrid electric vehicles) is briefly described as follows:

1.1. The fuel tank shall be drained and filled to t he prescribed tank fuel volume, as specified in 40 CFR §86.1803-01, in prep aration for the vehicle preconditioning. For hybrid electric vehicles only , the manufacturer may elect to perform the All-Electric Range Test pursuant to the "California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2003 and Subseque nt Model Zero-Emission Vehicles, and 2001 and Subsequent Model Hybrid Elec tric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck, and Medium-Duty Vehicle Clas ses" as incorporated by reference in §1962(e), title 13, CCR, prior to fuel drain and fill.

1.2. The vehicle preconditioning drive shall be per formed in accordance with 40 CFR §86.132-90, except that following the vehicl e fueling step at 40 CFR §86.132-90(a)(1) a minimum soak period of 6 hours s hall be provided to allow the vehicle to stabilize to ambient temperature prior t o the preconditioning drive. Vehicles performing consecutive tests at a test point with t he same fuel specification and while remaining under laboratory ambient temperature cond itions for at least 6 hours, may

eliminate the initial fuel drain and fill and vehic le soak. In such cases, each subsequent test shall begin with the preconditioning drive.

1.3 Following the vehicle preconditioning drive, th e fuel tank shall be drained and then filled to 40 percent capacity.

1.4. The vehicle shall be allowed to soak for 12 to 36 hours prior to the

exhaust emissions test.

1.5. During the 12 to 36 hour soak specified in sub paragraph 1.4 above, the vehicle's canister shall be purged with a volume of air equivalent to 300 canister charcoal bed volumes at a flow rate of 48 SCFH (22. 7 slpm).

1.6. The canister shall then be loaded using a buta ne-nitrogen mixture.

1.7. Perform exhaust emission tests in accordance w ith procedures as provided in "California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty Vehicles," and these procedures.

1.7.1 For hybrid electric vehicles, a four phase ex haust test shall be performed as shown in Figure 3A pursuant to the "California E xhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2003 and Subsequent Model Zero- Emission Vehicles, and 2001III - 21

and Subsequent Model Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in t he Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck, and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes" as incorpor ated by reference in §1962(e), title 13, CCR. Following the four phase exhaust te st, the test sequence shall repeat from step 1.3 of this section to conduct the evapor ative test using the standard cold start test and hot start test (standard three phase test) without emission sampling. Battery state-of-charge setting prior to the standa rd three phase test shall be performed pursuant to section 6.1.6 of the "California Exhaus t Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2003 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emiss ion Vehicles, and 2001 and Subsequent Model Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the P assenger Car, Light-Duty Truck, and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes" as incorporated by reference in §1962(e), title 13, CCR. Four phase exhaust testing may be performed in conjunction with evaporative testing as shown in Figure 3B with advance Executiv e Officer approval if the manufacturer is able to provide data demonstrating compliance with evaporative emission standards using the standard three phase t est.

1.8. Upon completion of the hot start test, the veh icle shall be parked in a temperature controlled area between one to six hour s to stabilize the fuel temperature

at 105 o F for one hour. Artificial cooling or heating of t he fuel tank may be induced to achieve a fuel temperature of 105 o F. The initial fuel and, if applicable, vapor temperatures for the running loss test may be less than 105 o F with advance Executive Order approval if the manufacturer is able to provi de data demonstrating initial temperatures at least 3 o F lower than the required 105 o F starting temperature.

1.9. A running loss test shall be performed after t he fuel tank is stabilized at

105 o F. The fuel tank temperature shall be controlled u sing a specified tank temperature profile for that vehicle during the tes t. The temperature profile shall be achieved either using temperature controllers or by an air management system that

would simulate airflow conditions under the vehicle during driving.

1.10. The hot soak enclosure test shall then be per formed at an enclosure ambient temperature of 105 o F.

1.11. Upon completion of the hot soak enclosure tes t, the vehicle shall be

soaked for no less than 6 hours nor more than 36 ho urs. For at least the last 6 hours of this period, the vehicle shall be soaked at 65 o F.

1.12. A three-day diurnal test shall be performed i n a variable temperature enclosure.

The supplemental two-day diurnal sequence in Figure 2 (and Figure 3A or 3B for hybrid electric vehicles) shall be conducted according to the steps described in 1.1 through 1.4, 1.6, 1.7, followed by 1.10 through 1.12 of thi s paragraph except that the ambient temperature of the hot soak test is conducted at an ambient temperature between 68 o F

and 86 o F at all times and that the diurnal test will consi st of a two-day test. EmissionIII - 22

sampling is not required for the standard cold star t test and hot start test (standard three phase test) in the supplemental two-day diurn al sequence as shown in Figure 3A.

2. Vehicle Preparation

Amend 40 CFR §86.131-90 to read:

2.1 Prepare the fuel tank(s) for recording the temp erature(s) of the prescribed test fuel liquid and, if applicable, fuel vapor acc ording to the requirements of paragraph III.C.1.1. (40 CFR §86.129-80). Measurement of the fuel vapor temperature is optional. If vapor temperature is not measured, the measureme nt of the fuel tank pressure is not required.

2.2 If applicable, the vehicle shall be equipped wi th a pressure transducer to monitor the fuel tank headspace pressure during the test. The transducer shall have an accuracy and precision of ± 1.0 inches water.

2.3 Provide additional fittings and adapters, as re quired, to accommodate a fuel drain at the lowest point possible in the fuel tank(s) as installed on the vehicle.

2.4 Provide valving or other means to allow purging and loading of the evaporative emission canister(s). Special care sha ll be taken during this step not to alter normal functions of the fuel vapor system com ponents.

2.5 For vehicles to be tested for running loss emis sions, prepare the exhaust system by sealing and/or plugging all detectable so urces of exhaust gas leaks. The exhaust system shall be tested or inspected to ensu re that detectable exhaust hydrocarbons are not emitted into the running loss enclosure during the running loss test.

3. Vehicle Preconditioning

3.1 For supplemental vehicle preconditioning requir ements for hybrid electric vehicles, refer to the "California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2003 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles, a nd 2001 and Subsequent Model Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Ca r, Light-Duty Truck, and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes" as incorporated by ref erence in §1962(e), title 13, CCR.

3.2 The following language shall be applicable in l ieu of 40 CFR §86.132-90(a)(4):

The Executive Officer may also choose to conduct or require the performance of optional or additional preconditioning to ensure th at the evaporative emission control system is subjected to conditions typical of normal driving. The optional preconditioning

shall consist of no less than 20 and no more than 5 0 miles of on-road mileage accumulation under typical driving conditions.III - 23

3.3 The following language shall be applicable in l ieu of 40 CFR §86.132-90(b):

3.3.1 Within five minutes of completion of precondi tioning, the vehicle shall be driven off the dynamometer to a work area. For hyb rid electric vehicles following battery state-of-charge setting, the vehicle shall only be pushed or towed to avoid disturbing battery state-of-charge setting.

3.3.2. The fuel tank(s) of the prepared vehicle sha ll be drained and refilled with the applicable test fuel, as specified in paragraph III.F. of these procedures, to the prescribed tank fuel volume, defined in 40 CFR §86. 1803-01. The vehicle shall be refueled within 1 hour of completion of the precond itioning drive.

3.3.3. Following the fuel drain and fill described in subparagraph 3.3.2. above, the test vehicle shall be allowed to soak for a per iod of not less than 12 or more than 36 hours prior to the exhaust emissions test. During the soak period, the canister shall be connected to a pump or compressor and loaded with b utane as described in 3.3.4. below for the three-day diurnal sequence and in 3.3 .5. below for the supplemental two-day diurnal sequence. For all vehicles subject ed to exhaust emissions testing only, the canister loading procedure as set forth in para graph 3.3.4. below shall be used.

For methanol-fueled and flexible-fueled vehicles, c anister preconditioning shall be performed with a fuel vapor composition representat ive of that which the vehicle would generate with the fuel mixture used for the current test. Manufacturers shall develop a procedure to precondition the canister, if the vehi cle is so equipped for the different fuel. The procedure shall represent a canister loa ding equivalent to that specified in 3.3.4. below for the three-day diurnal sequence and in 3.3.5. below for the supplemental two-day diurnal sequence and shall be approved in advance by the

Executive Officer.

3.3.4. For the three-day diurnal sequence, the evap orative emissions storage canister(s) shall be preloaded with an amount of bu tane equivalent to 1.5 times the nominal working capacity. For vehicles with multip le canisters in a series configuration, the set of canisters must be preconditioned as a un it. For vehicles with multiple canisters in a parallel configuration, each caniste r shall be preconditioned separately. For vehicles equipped with a non-integrated refueli ng emission control system, the non-integrated canisters shall be preconditioned fo r the three-day diurnal test sequence according to the procedure in section 3.3.5(a) belo w. If a vehicle is designed to actively control evaporative or refueling emissions without a canister, the manufacturer shall devise an appropriate preconditioning procedure sub ject to the approval of the

Executive Officer. If canisters on both certificat ion and production vehicles are equipped with purge and load service ports, the ser vice port shall be used for the canister preconditioning. The nominal working capa city of a carbon canister shall be established by determining the mass of butane requi red to load a stabilized canister toIII - 24

a two gram breakthrough. The 2 gram breakthrough i s defined as the point at which the cumulative quantity of hydrocarbons emitted is equal to 2 grams. The determination of nominal capacity shall be based on the average capacity of no less

than five canisters which are in a stabilized condi tion. For stabilization, each canister must be cycled no less than 10 times and no more th an 100 times to a two gram breakthrough with a 50/50 mixture by volume of buta ne and nitrogen, at a rate of 15 ± 2 grams butane per hour. Each canister loading step must be preceded by canister purging with 300 canister bed volume exchanges at 4 8 SCFH. The following procedure shall be used to preload the canister:

(a) Prepare the evaporative emission canister(s) fo r the canister purging and loading operation. The canister shall not be removed from the vehicle,

unless access to the canister in its normal locatio n is so restricted that purging and loading can only reasonably be accomplished by remo ving the canister from the vehicle. Special care shall be taken during this s tep so that the normal functions of the fuel system components or the normal pressure relat ionships in the system are not disturbed. The canister purge shall be performed w ith ambient air of controlled humidity to 50 ± 25 grains per pound of dry air. T his may be accomplished by purging

the canister in a room which is conditioned to this level of absolute humidity. The flow rate of the purge air shall be maintained at a nomi nal flow rate of 48 SCFH (22.7 slpm), and the duration shall be determined to provide a t otal purge volume flow through the canister equivalent to 300 canister charcoal bed vo lume exchanges.

(b) The evaporative emission canister(s) shall then be loaded with an amount of commercial grade butane vapors equivalent to 1.5 times the nominal working capacity. Canister loading shall not be less than 1.5 times the nominal canister capacity. The canister shall be loaded with a mixt ure composed of 50 percent butane and 50 percent nitrogen by volume. The butane shal l be loaded into the canister at a rate of 15 ± 2 grams of butane per hour. If the ca nister loading at this rate takes longer than 12 hours, a manufacturer may determine a new r ate, based on completing the canister loading in no less than 12 hours. Either a Critical Flow Orifice (CFO) butane injection device, a gravimetric method, or electron ic mass flow controllers shall be used to fulfill the requirements of this step. The time of completion of the canister loading activity shall be recorded. Manufacturers shall di sclose to the Executive Officer their canister loading procedure. The protocol may not a llow for the replacement of components. In addition, the Executive Officer may require that the manufacturer demonstrate that the procedure does not unduly dist urb the components of the evaporative system.

(c) Reconnect the evaporative emission canister(s), if applicable.

3.3.5. For the supplemental two-day diurnal sequenc e, the evaporative emission storage canister(s) shall be loaded to the point of breakthrough using either (a) or (b) below. For vehicles with multiple canisters in a series configuration, the set of canisters must be preconditioned as a unit. For vehicles wit h multiple canisters in a parallelIII - 25

configuration, each canister shall be preconditione d separately. For vehicles equipped with a non-integrated refueling emission control sy stem, the non-integrated canisters shall be preconditioned for the supplemental two-di urnal test sequence according to the procedure in III.D.3.3.5(a). Breakthrough may be d etermined by emission measurement in an enclosure or by measuring the weight gain of an auxiliary evaporative canister connected downstream of the vehicle's canister, in which case, the following references to the enclosure can be ignored. The auxiliary can ister shall be well purged with ambient air of humidity controlled to 50±25 grains per pound of dry air prior to loading. Breakthrough is defined as the point at which the c umulative quantity of hydrocarbons emitted is equal to 2 grams.

(a) The following procedure provides for loading of the canister to breakthrough with a mixture composed of 50 percent butane and 50 percent nitrogen by volume. If the canisters on both certification and production vehicles are equipped with purge and load service ports, the service port shall be used for the canister preconditioning.

1. Prepare the evaporative/refueling emission canis ter(s) for the canister loading operation. The canister shall not be removed from the vehicle,

unless access to the canister in its normal locatio n is so restricted that loading can only reasonably be accomplished by removing the canister from the vehicle. Special care shall be taken during this step to avoid damage to the components and the integrity of the fuel system. The evaporative emission enclosur e shall be purged for several minutes. The FID hydrocarbon analyzer shall be zer oed and spanned immediately prior to the canister loading procedure. If not already on, the evaporative enclosure mixing

fan shall be turned on at this time. Place the veh icle in the sealed enclosure and

measure emissions with the FID.

2. Load the canister with a mixture composed of 50/ 50 mixture by volume of butane and nitrogen at a rate of 40 ± 2 grams butane per hour. As soon as the canister reaches breakthrough, the vapor sou rce shall be shut off.

3. Reconnect the evaporative/refueling emission can ister, if applicable.

(b) The following procedure provides for loading th e canister with repeated diurnal heat builds to breakthrough.

1. The evaporative emission enclosure shall be purg ed for several minutes. The FID hydrocarbon analyzer shal l be zeroed and spanned immediately prior to the diurnal heat builds. If n ot already on, the evaporative enclosure mixing fan shall be turned on at this time. The av erage temperature of the dispensed

fuel shall be 60 ± 12 o F. Within one hour of being refueled, the vehicle shall be placed, with the engine shut off, in the evaporative emissi on enclosure. The fuel tank temperature sensor shall be connected to the temper ature recording system. A heatIII - 26

source, specified in 40 CFR §86.107-90(a)(4), shall be properly positioned with respect to the fuel tank(s) and connected to the temperatur e controller.

2. The fuel may be artificially heated or cooled to the starting diurnal temperature of 65 o F. Turn off purge blower (if not already off); clo se and seal enclosure doors; and initiate measurement of the hy drocarbon level in the enclosure. When the fuel temperature reaches 65 o F, start the diurnal heat build. The diurnal heat build should conform to the following function to w ithin ± 4 o F:

F = T
o ± 0.4t

F is the fuel temperature, o F

T
o is the initial temperature, o F t is the time since beginning of test, minutes

3. As soon as breakthrough occurs or when the fuel temperature reaches 105 o F, whichever occurs first, the heat source shall be turned off, the enclosure doors shall be unsealed and opened. If breakthrough has not occurred by the time the fuel temperature reaches 105 o F, the heat source shall be removed from the vehicle, the vehicle shall be removed (with the engine still off) from the evaporative emission enclosure and the entire procedure outline d above shall be repeated until breakthrough occurs.

4. After breakthrough occurs, the fuel tank(s) of t he prepared vehicle shall be drained and filled with test fuel, as specified in paragraph III.F of these procedures, to the "tank fuel volume" defined in 40 CFR §86.1803-01. The fuel shall be stabilized to a temperature within ± 3 o F of the lab ambient before beginning the driving cycle for the exhaust emission test.

3.4 As allowed under the provisions of section III. G of these test procedures, a manufacturer may propose, for Executive Officer a pproval, the use of an alternative method to precondition canisters in lieu of the met hods required under sections III.D.3.3.4; III.D.3.3.5(a); and, III.D.3.3.5(b). The Executive Officer may conduct certification confirmatory tests and in-use complia nce tests with the either the alternative canister loading method or the methods specified in sections III.D.3.3.4; III.D.3.3.5(a); and, III.D.3.3.5(b), as applicable.

4. Dynamometer Procedure.

To be conducted according to 40 CFR §86.135-90 (Dec ember 8, 2005) . For hybrid electric vehicles, the dynamometer procedure shall be performed pursuant to the

"California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Pro cedures for 2003 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles, and 2001 and Subseque nt Model Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck, a nd Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes" as incorporated by reference in §1962(e), title 13, CCR.III - 27

5. Engine Starting and Restarting

.

Amend 40 CFR §86.136-90 to read as follows:

Revise section (c) to read: If the vehicle does no t start after the manufacturer's recommended cranking time (or 10 continuous seconds in the absence of a manufacturer's recommendation), cranking shall ceas e for the period recommended by the manufacturer (or 10 seconds in the absence of a manufacturer's recommendation). This may be repeated for up to three start attempts . If the vehicle does not start after three attempts, the reason for failure to start sha ll be determined. The gas flow measuring device on the CVS (usually a revolution c ounter) or CFV shall be turned off and the sampler selector valves, including the alco hol sampler, placed in the "standby" position during this diagnostic period. In additio n, either the CVS should be turned off, or the exhaust tube disconnected from the tailpipe during the diagnostic period. If failure to start is an operational error, the vehic le shall be rescheduled for testing from a

cold start.

6. Dynamometer Test Run, Gaseous and Particulate Em issions.

To be conducted according to 40 CFR §86.137-90. Fo r hybrid electric vehicles, the dynamometer test run, gaseous and particulate e missions shall be performed pursuant to the "California Exhaust Emission Standa rds and Test Procedures for 2003 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles, and 20 01 and Subsequent Model Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Lig ht-Duty Truck, and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes" as incorporated by reference in §1 962(e), title 13, CCR.

7. Vehicle Fuel Tank Temperature Stabilization

Immediately after the hot transient exhaust emissio n test, the vehicle shall be soaked in a temperature controlled area between one hour to six hours, until the fuel and, if applicable, vapor temperatures are stabiliz ed at 105 o F ± 3 o F for one hour. This is a preparatory step for the running loss test. C ooling or heating of the fuel tank may be induced to bring the fuel to 105 o F. The fuel heating rate shall not exceed 5 o F in any 1-hour interval. Higher fuel heating rates are all owed with Executive Officer approval if

the 5 o F per hour heating rate is insufficient to heat the fuel to 105 o F in the allowed soak time. The vehicle fuel temperature stabilization s tep may be omitted on vehicles whose tank fuel and, if applicable, vapor temperatures ar e already at 105 o F upon completion

of the exhaust emission test.

The initial fuel and, if applicable, vapor temperat ures for the running loss test may be

less than 105 o F with advance Executive Officer approval if the ma nufacturer is able to provide data justifying initial temperatures at lea st 3 o F lower than the required 105 o F starting temperature. The test data shall include the maximum fuel temperatures experienced by the vehicle during an extended parki ng event and after a UDDS cycleIII - 28

and be conducted on a day which meets the ambient c onditions specified in section III.C.1.2, except the ambient temperature must be a t least 105 o F. During the profile generation, the temperature offset shall apply.

The vehicle air conditioning system (if so equipped ) shall be set to the "NORMAL" air conditioning mode and adjusted to the minimum disch arge air temperature and high fan speed. Vehicles equipped with automatic temperatur e controlled air conditioning systems shall be operated in "AUTOMATIC" temperatur e and fan modes with the system set at 72 o F.

8. Running Loss Test

After the fuel temperature is stabilized at 105 o F or at the temperature specified by the manufacturer, the running loss test shall be performed. During the test, the running loss measurement enclosure shall be maintai ned at 105 o F ± 5 o F maximum and

within ± 2 o F on average throughout the running loss test seque nce. Control of the vapor temperature throughout the test to follow the vapor temperature profile generated according to the procedures in section III.C. is op tional. In those instances where vapor temperature is not controlled to follow the profile , the measurement of the fuel tank pressure is not required, and 8.1.10 and 8.2.5 belo w shall not apply. In the event that a vehicle exceeds the applicable emission standard du ring confirmatory testing or in-use compliance testing, and the vapor temperature was n ot controlled, the manufacturer may, utilizing its own resources, test the vehicle to demonstrate if the excess emissions are attributable to inadequate control of vapor tem perature. If the vehicle has more than one fuel tank, the fuel temperature in each ta nk shall follow the profile generated in paragraph III.C. If a warning light or gauge in dicates that the vehicle's engine coolant has overheated, the test run may be stopped.

8.1. If running loss testing is conducted using an enclosure which incorporates atmospheric sampling equipment, the manufacturer sh all perform the following steps for

each test:

8.1.1. The running loss enclosure shall be purged f or several minutes immediately prior to the test. If at any time the concentration of hydrocarbons, of alcohol, or of alcohol and hydrocarbons exceeds 15, 000 ppm C, the enclosure should be immediately purged. This concentration provides at least a 4:1 safety factor against the lean flammability limit.

8.1.2. Place the drive wheels of the vehicle on the dynamometer without starting the engine.

8.1.3. Attach the exhaust tube to the vehicle tailp ipe(s).

8.1.4. The test vehicle windows and the luggage com partments shall be closed.III - 29

8.1.5. The fuel tank temperature sensor and the amb ient temperature sensor shall be connected to the temperature recording sys tem and, if required, to the air management and temperature controllers. The vehicl e cooling fan shall be positioned as described in 40 CFR §86.135-90(b). During the r unning loss test, the cover of the vehicle engine compartment shall be closed as much as possible, windows shall be closed, and air conditioning system (if so equipped ) shall be operated according to the requirements of paragraph III.C (§86.129-80 (d)(3)) . Vehicle coolant temperature shall be monitored to ensure adequate vehicle coolant air to the radiator intake(s). The temperature recording system and the hydrocarbon an d alcohol emission data recording system shall be started.

8.1.6. Close and seal enclosure doors.

8.1.7. When the ambient temperature is 105 o F ± 5 o F, the running loss test shall begin. Analyze enclosure atmosphere for hydrocarbo ns and alcohol at the beginning of each phase of the test (i.e., each UDDS and 120 sec ond idle; the two NYCCs and 120 second idle) and record. This is the background hy drocarbon concentration, herein

denoted as C HCa(n) for each phase of the test and the background meth anol concentration, herein denoted as C CH3OHa(n) for each phase of the test. The methanol sampling must start simultaneously with the initiat ion of the hydrocarbon analysis and

continue for 4.0 ± 0.5 minutes. Record the time el apsed during this analysis. If the 4 minute sample period is inadequate to collect a sam ple of sufficient concentration to allow accurate Gas Chromatography analysis, rapidly collect the methanol sample in a bag and then bubble the bag sample through the impi ngers at the specified flow rate. The time elapsed between collection of the bag samp le and flow through the impingers should be minimized to prevent any losses.

8.1.8. The vehicle shall be driven through one UDDS , then two NYCCs and followed by one UDDS. Each UDDS and the NYCC drivi ng trace shall be verified to meet the speed tolerance requirements of 40 CFR §86 .115-78 (b) as modified by III.C. The end of each UDDS cycle and the two NYCCs shall be followed by an idle period of 120 seconds during which the engine shall remain on with the vehicle in the same transmission range and clutch (if so equipped) actu ation mode as specified in §86.128-79, modified by paragraph III.C.1.3.

The fuel tank liquid temperature during the dynamom eter drive shall be controlled within

± 3 o F of the fuel tank temperature profile obtained on the road according to the procedures in paragraph III.C (40 CFR §86.129-80) f or the same vehicle platform/powertrain/fuel tank configuration. If ap plicable, the fuel tank vapor temperature throughout the running loss test shall agree with the corresponding vapor temperature with a tolerance of ± 5 o F. A running loss test with a fuel tank vapor temperature that exceeded the corresponding vapor t emperature profile by more than

the ± 5 o F tolerance may be considered valid if test results comply with the applicable running loss evaporative emission standards. In ad dition, the fuel tank vapor temperature during the final 120 second idle period shall agree with the correspondingIII - 30

vapor temperature from the on-road profile within ± 3 o F. For testing conducted by the Executive Officer, vapor temperatures may be cooler than the specified tolerances without invalidating test results. The fuel tank t emperatures shall be monitored at a frequency of at least once every 15 seconds.

8.1.9. For engine starting and restarting, the prov isions of §86.136-90(a) and (e) shall apply. If the vehicle does not start after t he manufacturer's recommended cranking time or 10 continuous seconds in the absen ce of a manufacturer's recommendation, cranking shall cease for the period recommended by the

manufacturer or 10 seconds in the absence of a manu facturer's recommendation. This may be repeated for up to three start attempts. If the vehicle does not start after these three attempts, cranking shall cease and the reason for failure to start shall be determined. If the failure is caused by a vehicle malfunction, corrective action of less than 30 minutes duration may be taken (according to 40 CFR §86.1830-01), and the test continued, provided that the ambient condition s to which the vehicle is exposed are

maintained at 105 o F ± 5 o F. When the engine starts, the timing sequence of the driving schedule shall begin. If the vehicle cannot be sta rted, the test shall be voided.

8.1.10. Tank pressure shall not exceed 10 inches o f water during the running loss test unless a pressurized system is used and t he manufacturer demonstrates in a separate test that vapor would not be vented to the atmosphere if the fuel cap was removed at the end of the test. Transitory inciden ts of the pressure exceeding 10 inches of water, not greater than 10 percent of the total driving time, shall be acceptable during the running loss test if the manufacturer ca n demonstrate that the tank pressure does not exceed 10 inches of water during in-use op eration. No pressure checks of the evaporative system shall be allowed. If the manufa cturer suspects faulty or malfunctioning instrumentation, a repair of the tes t instrumentation may be performed. Under no circumstances will any changes/repairs to the evaporative emissions control system be allowed.

8.1.11. The FID hydrocarbon analyzer shall be zero ed and spanned immediately prior to the end of each phase of the test.

8.1.12. Analyze the enclosure atmosphere for hydro carbons and for alcohol following each phase. This is the sample hydrocarb on concentration, herein denoted

as C HCs(n) for each phase of the test and the sample alcohol concentration, herein

denoted as C CH3OHs (n) for each phase of the test. The sample hydrocarbo n and alcohol concentration for a particular phase of the test sh all serve as the background concentration for the next phase of the test. The running loss test ends with completion

of the final 120 second idle and occurs 72 ± 2 minu tes after the test begins. The elapsed time of this analysis shall be recorded.

8.1.13. Turn off the vehicle cooling fan and the v ehicle underbody fan if used. The test vehicle windows and luggage compartment sh all be opened. This is a preparatory step for the hot soak evaporative emiss ion test.III - 31

8.1.14. The technician may now leave the enclosure through one of the enclosure doors. The enclosure door shall be open no longer than necessary for the

technician to leave.

8.2. If running loss testing is conducted using a c ell which incorporates point source sampling equipment, the manufacturer shall p erform the following steps for each

test:

8.2.1. The running loss test shall be conducted in a test cell meeting the specifications of 40 CFR §86.107-90 (a)(1) as modif ied by paragraph III.A.2 of these procedures. Ambient temperature in the running los s test cell shall be maintained at

105 ± 5 o F maximum and within ± 2 o F on average throughout the running loss test sequence. The ambient test cell temperature shall be measured in the vicinity of the vehicle cooling fan, and it shall be monitored at a frequency of at least once every 15 seconds. The vehicle running loss collection syste m and underbody cooling apparatus (if applicable) shall be positioned and connected. The vehicle shall be allowed to re-stabilize until the liquid fuel tank temperature is within ± 3.0 o F of the initial liquid fuel temperature calculated according to paragraph III.C .1.5. (40 CFR §86.129-80) before the running loss test may proceed.

8.2.2. The vehicle cooling fan shall be positioned as described in 40 CFR §86.135-90(b). During the running loss test, the c over of the vehicle engine compartment shall be closed as much as possible, wi ndows shall be closed, and air conditioning system (if so equipped) shall be opera ted according to the requirements of paragraph III.C.1.3. (40 CFR §86.129-80). Vehicle coolant temperature shall be monitored to ensure adequate vehicle coolant air to the radiator intake(s).

8.2.3. The vehicle shall be operated on the dynamom eter over one UDDS, two NYCCs, and one UDDS. Each UDDS and NYCC driving tr ace shall be verified to meet the speed tolerance requirements of 40 CFR §86.115- 78 (b) as modified by paragraph III.C. Idle periods of 120 seconds shall be added to the end of each of the UDDS and to the end of the two NYCCs. The transmission may be operated according to the specifications of 40 CFR §86.128-79 as modified by paragraph III.C.1.3. Engine starting and restarting shall be conducted accordin g to paragraph III.D.8.1.9.

8.2.4. The fuel tank liquid temperature during the dynamometer drive shall be

controlled within ± 3 o F of the fuel tank liquid temperature profile obtai ned on the road according to the procedures in paragraph III.C (40 CFR §86.129-80) for the same vehicle platform/powertrain/fuel tank configuration . If applicable, the fuel tank vapor temperature throughout the running loss test shall agree with the corresponding vapor temperature with a tolerance of ± 5 o F. A running loss test with a fuel tank vapor temperature that exceeded the corresponding vapor t emperature profile by more than

the ± 5 o F tolerance may be considered valid if test results comply with the applicable running loss evaporative emission standards. In ad dition, the fuel tank vaporIII - 32

temperature during the final 120 second idle period shall agree with the corresponding vapor temperature from the on-road profile within ± 3 o F. For testing conducted by the Executive Officer, vapor temperatures may be cooler than the specified tolerances without invalidating test results. The fuel tank t emperatures shall be monitored at a frequency of at least once every 15 seconds.

8.2.5. Tank pressure shall not exceed 10 inches of water during the running loss test unless a pressurized system is used and the ma nufacturer demonstrates in a separate test that vapor would not be vented to the atmosphere if the fuel cap was removed at the end of the test. Transitory inciden ts of the pressure exceeding 10 inches of water, not greater than 10 percent of the total driving time, shall be acceptable during the running loss test if the manufacturer ca n demonstrate that the tank pressure does not exceed 10 inches of water during in-use op eration. No pressure checks of the evaporative system shall be allowed. If the manufa cturer suspects faulty or malfunctioning instrumentation, a repair of the tes t instrumentation may be performed. Under no circumstances will any changes/repairs to the evaporative emissions control system be allowed.

8.2.6. After the test vehicle is positioned on the dynamometer, the running loss vapor collection system shall be properly positione d at the specified discrete emissions sources, which include vapor vents of the vehicle's fuel system, if not already positioned. The typical vapor vents for current fu el systems are the vents of the evaporative emission canister(s) and the tank press ure relief vent typically integrated into the fuel tank cap as depicted in figure 1. Ot her designated places, if any, where fuel vapor can escape, shall also be included.

8.2.7. The running loss vapor collection system may be connected to the PDP-CVS or CFV bag collection system. Otherwise, r unning loss vapors shall be sampled continuously with analyzers meeting the req uirements of §86.107-90(a)(2).

8.2.8. The temperature of the collection system unt il it enters the main dilution

airstream shall be maintained between 175 o F to 200 o F throughout the test to prevent fuel vapor condensation.

8.2.9. The sample bags shall be analyzed within 20 minutes of their respective sample collection phases, as described in 40 CFR §8 6.137-90(b)(15).

8.2.10. After the completion of the final 120 seco nds, turn off the vehicle cooling fan and the vehicle underbody fan if used.

8.3. Manufacturers may use an alternative running l oss test procedure if it provides an equivalent demonstration of compliance. The use of an alternative procedure also requires the prior approval of the E xecutive Officer. However, The Executive Officer may conduct confirmatory testing or in-use compliance testing may be conducted by the Executive Officer using either the running loss measurementIII - 33

enclosure incorporating atmospheric sampling equipm ent or in a test cell utilizing point source sampling equipment, as specified in paragraph III.A.2 (40 CFR §86.107-90(a)(1)), and in conjunction with the procedures as outlined in either paragraph III.D.8.1 or III.D.8.2 of this test proce dure, or using the manufacturer’s approved alternative running loss test procedure fo r a specific evaporative family

.

9. Hot Soak Test

9.1 Amend the first paragraph of 40 CFR §86.138-90 as follows: For the three-day diurnal sequence, the hot soak evaporativ e emission test shall be conducted immediately following the running loss test. The h ot soak test shall be performed at an ambient temperature of 105 o F ± 10.0 o F for the first 5 minutes of the test. The remainder of the hot soak test shall be performed a t 105 o F ± 5.0 o F and ± 2.0 o F on

average.

9.2. Revise section (a) to read: If the hot soak t est is conducted in the running loss enclosure, the final hydrocarbon and alcohol c oncentration for the running loss test, calculated in paragraph III.D.11.3.1(b), shal l be the initial hydrocarbon concentration (time=0 minutes) C HCe1 and the initial alcohol concentration (time=0 minutes) C CH3OHe1 for the hot soak test. If the vehicle must be tra nsported to a different enclosure, sections 9.3 through 9.7, as modified be low, shall be conducted.

9.3. Revise section (d) to include: Analyze the en closure atmosphere for hydrocarbons and alcohol and record. This is the i nitial (time=0 minutes) hydrocarbon concentration, C HCe1 and the initial (time=0 minutes) alcohol concentra tion, C CH3OHe1 , required in paragraph III.D.11.3.1(a).

9.4. Revise section (e) to read: If the hot soak t est is not conducted in the running loss enclosure, the vehicle engine compartm ent cover shall be closed, the cooling fan shall be moved, the vehicle shall be di sconnected from the dynamometer and exhaust sampling system, and then driven at min imum throttle to the vehicle

entrance of the enclosure.

9.5. Revise section (i) to read: If hot soak testi ng is not conducted in the same enclosure as running loss testing, the hot soak enc losure doors shall be closed and sealed within two minutes of engine shutdown and wi thin seven minutes after the end of the running loss test. If running loss and hot s oak testing is conducted in the same enclosure, the hot soak test shall commence immedia tely after the completion of the running loss test.

9.6. Revise section (j) to read: The 60 ± 0.5 minu tes hot soak begins when the enclosure door(s) are sealed or when the runnin g loss test ends if the hot soak test is conducted in the running loss enclosure.III - 34

9.7 For the supplemental two-day diurnal test seque nce, the hot soak test shall be conducted immediately following the hot st art exhaust test. The hot soak test shall be performed at an ambient temperature betwee n 68 to 86 o F at all times. The hot soak test shall be conducted according to 40 CFR §8 6.138-90, revised by 9.2 through 9.7 of this paragraph.

10. Diurnal Breathing Loss Test

A three-day diurnal test shall be performed in a va riable temperature enclosure, described in paragraph III.A.1 of this test procedu re. The test consists of three 24-hour cycles. For purposes of this diurnal breathing los s test, all references to methanol shall be applicable to alcohol.

If testing indicates that a vehicle design may resu lt in fuel temperature responses during enclosure testing that are not representative of in -use summertime conditions, the Executive Officer may adjust air circulation and te mperature during the test as needed to ensure that the test sufficiently duplicates the vehicle's in-use experience.

10.1 Revise 40 CFR §86.133-90 to read as follows:

10.1.1. Revise section (a)(1) to read: Upon compl etion of the hot soak test, the

test vehicle shall be soaked for no less than 6 hou rs nor more than 36 hours. For at least the last 6 hours of this period, the vehicle shall be soaked at 65 o F ± 3 o F. The diurnal breathing loss test shall consist of three 24-hour test cycles.

10.1.2. Omit section (f).

10.1.3. Omit section (i).

10.1.4. Revise section (j) to read: Prior to init iating the emission sampling:

10.1.5. Revise section (k) to read: Emission samp ling shall begin within 10 minutes of closing and sealing the doors, as follow s:

10.1.6. Revise section (k)(3) to read: Start diur nal heat build and record time. This commences the 24 hour ± 2 minute test cycle.

10.1.7. Revise section (l) to read: For each 24-h our cycle of the diurnal breathing loss test, the ambient temperature in the enclosure shall be changed in real time as specified in the following table:III - 35

Hour 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

( o F) 65.0 66.6 72.6 80.3 86.1 90.6 94.6 98.1 101.2 103.4 104.9 105.0 104.2

Hour 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 --

( o F) 101.1 95.3 88.8 84.4 80.8 77.8 75.3 72.0 70.0 68.2 66.5 65.0 --

10.1.8. Omit section (m).

10.1.9. Revise section (n) to read: The end of th e first 24-hour cycle of the

diurnal test occurs 24 hours ± 2 minutes after the heat build begins. Analyze the enclosure atmosphere for hydrocarbons and alcohol a nd record. This is the final hydrocarbon concentration, C HCe2 , and the final alcohol concentration, C CH3OHe2 , in paragraph III.D.11.3.1(c) which modifies 40 CFR §86 .143-90, for this test cycle. The time (or elapsed time) of this analysis shall be re corded. The procedure, commencing with paragraph (k)(1) shall be repeated until three consecutive 24-hour tests are completed. The data from the test cycle yielding t he highest diurnal hydrocarbon mass shall be used in evaporative emissions calculations as required by paragraph III.D.11.3.1(c). which modifies 40 CFR §86.143-90.

10.1.10. Revise section (q) to read: Upon complet ion of the final 24-hour test cycle, and after the final alcohol sample has been collected, the enclosure doors shall be unsealed and opened.

10.1.11. Omit section (r).

10.1.12. Add section (t) to read: For hybrid elec tric vehicles, the manufacturer shall specify the working capacity of the evaporati ve emission control canister, and shall specify the number of 24-hour diurnals that can ela pse before the auxiliary power unit will activate solely for the purposes of purging th e canister of hydrocarbon vapor.

10.1.13. Add section (u) to read: In order to det ermine that the working capacity of the canister is sufficient to store the hydrocar bon vapor generated over the manufacturer specified number of days between auxil iary power unit activation events for the purposes of purging the evaporative caniste r, the evaporative canister shall be weighed after completion of the three-day diurnal p eriod. The weight of the vapor

contained in the canister shall not exceed the work ing capacity of the canister multiplied by three days and divided by the manufacturer speci fied number of days between auxiliary power unit activation events.III - 36

10.1.14. Add section (v) to read: The manufacture r shall specify the time interval of auxiliary power unit operation necessar y to purge the evaporative emission control canister, and shall submit an engineering a nalysis to demonstrate that the canister will be purged to within five percent of i ts working capacity over the time

interval.

The two-day diurnal test shall be performed in an e nclosure, described in paragraph III.A.1 of this test procedure. The test consists of two 24-hour cycles. The test procedure shall be conducted according to 40 CFR §8 6.133-90, revised by 10.1.1 through 10.1.15 of this paragraph except that only two consecutive 24-hour cycles will be performed. For the purposes of this diurnal bre athing loss test, all references to methanol shall be applicable to alcohol.

11. Calculations: Evaporative Emissions

Revise 40 CFR §86.143-90 as follows:

11.1. Revise section (a) to read: The calculation of the net hydrocarbon plus methanol mass change in the enclosure is used to de termine the diurnal, hot soak, and running loss mass emissions. If the emissions also include ethanol and other alcohol components, the manufacturer shall determine an app ropriate calculation(s) which reflect characteristics of the alcohol component si milar to the equations below, subject to the Executive Officer approval. The mass change s are calculated from initial and final hydrocarbon and methanol concentrations in pp m carbon, initial and final enclosure ambient temperatures, initial and final b arometric pressures, and net enclosure volume using the following equations:

11.2. Revise section (a)(1) to read:

Methanol calculations shall be conducted according to 40 CFR §86.143-96(b)(1)(i), as amended March 24, 1993.

11.3. Revise section (a)(2) to read:

11.3.1 For hydrocarbons:

(a) Hot soak HC mass. For fixed volume enclosures, the hot

soak enclosure mass is determined as:

M HChs = [2.97x (V
n - 50) x10 -4 x {P f (C HCe2 - rC CH3OHe2 )/T f - P i (C HCe1 - rC CH3OHe1 )/T i }]

where: M HChs is the hot soak HC mass emissions (grams)III - 37 V
n is the enclosure nominal volume if the running los s enclosure is used or the enclosure volume at 105 o F if the diurnal enclosure is used. (ft 3 )

P i is the initial barometric pressure (inches Hg)

P f is the final barometric pressure (inches Hg)

C HCe2 is the final enclosure hydrocarbon concentration including FID response to methanol in the sample (ppm C)

C HCe1 is the initial enclosure hydrocarbon concentration including FID response to methanol in the sample (ppm C)

C CH3OHe2 is the final methanol concentration calculated according to §86.143-90 (a)(2)(iii) (ppm C equivalent)

C CH3OHe1 is the initial methanol concentration calculated according to §86.143-90 (a)(2)(iii) (ppm C equivalent)

r is the FID response factor to methanol

T i is the initial enclosure temperature ( o R)

T f is the final enclosure temperature ( o R)

For variable volume enclosures, calculate the hot s oak enclosure mass (M HChs ) according to the equation used above except that P f and T f shall equal P i and T i

.

(b) Running loss HC mass. The running loss HC mass per distance traveled is defined as:

M HCrlt = (M HCrl(1) + M HCrl(2) + M HCr1(3) )/(D rl(1) + D rl(2) + D rl(3) )

where: M HCrlt is the total running loss HC mass per distance traveled (grams HC per mile)

M HCrl(n) is the running loss HC mass for phase n of the test (grams HC)III - 38 D rl(n) is the actual distance traveled over the driving cycle for phase n of the test (miles)

For the point-source method:

Hydrocarbon emissions:

M HCrl(n) = (C HCs(n) - C HCa(n) ) x 16.88 x V mix x 10 -6

where: C HCs(n) is the sample bag HC concentration for phase n of the test (ppm C)

C HCa(n) is the background bag concentration for phase n of the test (ppm C)

16.88 is the density of pure vapor at 68 o F (grams/ft 3 )

V mix is the total dilute CVS volume (std. ft 3 )

and: V mix

is calculated per 40 CFR §86.144-90

Methanol emissions:

M CH3OHrl(n) = (C CH3OHs(n) - C CH3OHa(n) ) x 37.74 x V mix

where: C CH3OHs(n) is the sample bag methanol concentration

for phase n of the test (ppm C equivalent)

C CH3OHa(n) is the background bag concentration for phase n of the test (ppm C equivalent)

37.71 is the density of pure vapor at 68 o F (grams/ft 3 )

V mix is the total dilute CVS volume (std. ft 3 )

and: V mix

is calculated per 40 CFR §86.144-90

For the enclosure method:

M HCrl(n) shall be determined by the same method as the hot soak hydrocarbon mass emissions determination specified in paragraph III.D.11.3.1(a ).III - 39 (c) Diurnal mass. For fixed volume enclosures, the HC mass

for each of the three diurnals is defined for an en closure as:

M HCd = [2.97x(V - 50)x10 -4 x{P f (C HCe2 - rC CH3OHe2 )/T f - P i (C HCe1 - rC CH3OHe1 )/T i }]

+ M HC, out - M HC, in

where: M HCd is the diurnal HC mass emissions (grams)

V is the enclosure volume at 65 o F (ft 3 )

P i is the initial barometric pressure (inches Hg)

P f is the final barometric pressure (inches Hg)

C HCe2 is the final enclosure hydrocarbon concentration including FID response to methanol in the sample (ppm C)

C HCe1 is the initial enclosure hydrocarbon concentration including FID response to methanol in the sample (ppm C)

C CH3OHe2 is the final methanol concentration calculated according to 40 CFR §86.143-90 (a)(2)(ii i)

C CH3OHe1 is the initial methanol concentration calculated according to 40 CFR §86.143-90 (a)(2)(ii i)

r is the FID response factor to methanol

T i is the initial enclosure temperature ( o R)

T f is the final enclosure temperature ( o R)

M HC, out is the mass of hydrocarbon exiting the enclosure from the beginning of the cycle to the en d of the cycle (grams)

M HC, in is the mass of hydrocarbon entering the enclosure from the beginning of the cycle to the en d of the cycle (grams)

For variable volume enclosures, calculate the HC ma ss for each of the three diurnals (M HCd ) according to the equation used above except that P f and T f shall equal P i and T i and M HC, out and M HC, in shall equal zero.III - 40

11.3.2. Revise section (a)(3) to read:

The total mass emissions shall be adjusted as follo ws:

(1) M hs = M HChs + (14.2284/32.042) x 10 -6 M CH3OH

(2) M di = M HCd + (14.3594/32.042) x 10 -6 M CH3OH

(3) M rl = M HCrlt + (14.2284/32.042) x 10 -6 M CH3OH

11.3.3. Revise section (b) to read: The final evap orative emission test results reported shall be computed by summing the a djusted evaporative emission result determined for the hot soak test (M hs ) and the highest 24-hour result determined for the diurnal breathing loss test (M di ). The final reported result for the running loss test shall be the adjusted emission result (M r1 ), expressed on a grams per mile basis.

E. Liquefied Petroleum Gas-fueled Vehicles

1. For 1983 and subsequent model-year LPG-fueled mo tor vehicles, the introduction of 40 percent by volume of chilled fue l and the heating of the fuel tank under the diurnal part of the evaporative test proc edures shall be eliminated.

2. Calculation of LPG Emissions. The evaporative e missions for LPG systems shall be calculated in accordance with 40 CFR §86.1 43-78 or §86.143-90 except that a

H/C ratio of 2.658 shall be used for both the diurn al and hot soak emissions.

F. Fuel Specifications

Evaporative emission test fuel shall be the fuel sp ecified for exhaust emission testing as specified in the "California Exhaust Emi ssion Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light -Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty Vehicles," except as provided in section III.G. of these test procedures.

G. Alternative Test Procedures

If a manufacturer uses for evaporative and exhaust emission testing a gasoline test fuel meeting the specifications set forth in 4 0 CFR §86.113-94(a)(1), the manufacturer may use the evaporative emission test procedures set forth in 40 CFR §§86.107-96 through 86.143-96 in place of the test procedures set forth in these test procedures.

Manufacturers may use an alternative set of test pr ocedures to demonstrate compliance with the standards set forth in section I.E. of these test procedures with advance Executive Officer approval if the alternati ve procedure is demonstrated to yieldIII - 41

test results equivalent to, or more stringent than, those resulting from the use of the test procedures set forth in section III.D. of these tes t procedures.

If the manufacturer uses for certification a test p rocedure other than section III.D, the Executive Officer has the option to conduct confirm atory and in-use compliance testing with the test procedures set forth in section III.D . of this California Evaporative Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subseque nt Model Motor Vehicles.

H. Use of Comparable Federal Requirements for Carry -across Specifications

and Road Profile Correction Factors

Upon prior written approval of the Executive Office r, a manufacturer may use the comparable federal requirements in Title 40, CFR, P art 86 in lieu of the carry-across specifications of paragraph II.A. of these test pro cedures and the running loss road profile correction factors of paragraph III.C. The Executive Officer shall approve a manufacturer's request if the manufacturer demonstr ates to the Executive Officer that the alternative methodology will not adversely affe ct in-use evaporative emissions.IV- 1

PART IV. EVAPORATIVE EMISSION TEST PROCEDURES FOR M OTORCYCLES

1. For the purposes of these procedures, the follow ing references in 40 CFR, Part 86, Subpart B to light-duty vehicle evaporativ e testing shall also apply to motorcycles: 40 CFR §§86.117-78, 86.117-90, 86.121 -82 and 86.121-90. In addition, 40 CFR, Part 86, Subparts E, F, and other cited sec tions of Subpart B are incorporated into this test procedure by reference.

2. Preconditioning shall be performed in accordance with 40 CFR §86.532-78. The provisions of §86.132-78 which pro hibit abnormal loading of the evaporative emission control system during fueling and setting the dynamometer horsepower using a test vehicle shall be observed. Additional preconditioning (40 CFR §86.132-82(a)(3) and §86.132-90(a)(3)) may be allow ed by the Executive Officer under

unusual circumstances.

3. Instrumentation. The instrumentation necessary to perform the motorcycle evaporative emission test is described i n 40 CFR §86.107-78 and §86.107-90, with the following changes:

(i) Revise section (a)(4) to read: Tank fuel heati ng system. The tank fuel heating system shall consist of two separate h eat sources with two temperature controllers. A typical heat source is a pair of he ating strips. Other sources may be used as required by circumstances and the Executive Officer may allow manufacturers to provide the heating apparatus for compliance tes ting. The temperature controllers may be manual, such as variable transformers, or th ey may be automated. Since vapor and fuel temperature are to be controlled independe ntly, an automatic controller is recommended for the fuel. The heating system must not cause hot spots on the tank wetted surface which could cause local overheating of the fuel or vapor. Heating strips for the fuel, if used, should be located as low as practicable on the tank and should cover at least 10 percent of the wetted surface. T he centerline of the fuel heating strips, if used, shall be below 30 percent of the f uel depth as measured from the bottom of the fuel tank and approximately parallel to the fuel level in the tank. The centerline of the vapor heating strips, if used, should be locate d at the approximate height of the center of the vapor volume. The temperature contro ller must be capable of controlling the fuel and vapor temperatures to the diurnal heat ing profile within the specified

tolerance.

(ii) Revise section (a)(5) (Temperature Recording S ystem) to read: In addition to the specifications in this section, the vapor temperature in the fuel tank shall be measured. When the fuel or vapor temperature se nsors cannot be located in the fuel tank to measure the temperature of the prescri bed test fuel or vapor at the approximate mid-volume, sensors shall be located at the approximate mid-volume of each fuel or vapor containing cavity. The average of the readings from these sensors shall constitute the fuel or vapor temperature. Th e fuel and vapor temperature sensors shall be located at least one inch away from any he ated tank surface. The ExecutiveIV- 2

Officer may approve alternate sensor locations wher e the specifications above cannot be met or where tank symmetry provides redundant me asurements.

(iii) Calibration shall be performed in accordance with 40 CFR §86.516-78 or §86.516-90.

4. Test Procedure

(i) The motorcycle exhaust emission test sequence i s described in 40 CFR §86.530-78 through §86.540-78. The SHED tes t shall be accomplished by performing the diurnal portion of the SHED test (40 CFR §86.133-78 except subsections a(1), k, and p; §86.133-90 except subse ctions a(1), l, and s; and neglecting references to windows and luggage compartments in t hese sections) after preconditioning and soak but prior to the "cold" st art test. The fuel will be cooled to

below 30 o C after the diurnal test. The "cold" and "hot" sta rt exhaust emission tests shall then be run. The motorcycle will then be ret urned for the hot soak portion of the SHED test. This general sequence is shown in Figur e E78-10, under 4- CFR §86.130-78. The specified time limits shall be fol lowed with the exception of soak times which are specified in 40 CFR §86.532-78 for motorc ycles.

Running loss tests, when necessary, will be perform ed in accordance with 40 CFR §86.134-78, except references to §§86.135-82 throug h 86.137-82 and §§86.135-90 through 86.137-90 shall mean §§86.535-78 through 86 .537-78.

(ii) A manufacturer of Class III motorcycles with a nnual California sales of less than 500 units using an assigned evap orative emission control system DF pursuant to paragraph II.B.2.1.1(vii) shall measur e and report to the Executive Officer

exhaust emissions from the CVS test between the diu rnal and the hot soak tests even if the test is being conducted for evaporative emissio ns only. The exhaust emission levels projected for the motorcycle’s useful life u tilizing the exhaust emission DF determined during previous federal or California ce rtification testing shall not exceed the standards set forth in section 1958, title 13, CCR.

(iii) The fuel and vapor temperatures for the diurn al portion of the evaporative emission test shall conform to the foll owing functions within ± 1.7 o C with the tank filled to 50 percent ±2.5 of its actual ca pacity, and with the motorcycle resting on its center kickstand (or a similar support) in t he vertical position.

T f = (1/3)t + 15.5 o C

T
v = (1/3)t + 21.0 o C

where T f = fuel temperature, o C

T
v = vapor temperature, o C t = time since the start of the diurnal temperatur e rise, minutes.IV- 3

The test duration shall be 60 ± 2 minutes, giving a fuel and vapor temperature rise of

20 o C. The final fuel temperature shall be 35.5 o C ± 0.5 o C.

An initial vapor temperature up to 5 o C above 21 o C may be used. For this condition, the vapor shall not be heated at the beginning of the d iurnal test. When the fuel temperature has been raised to 5.5 o C below the vapor temperature by following the T f function, the remainder of the vapor heating profil e shall be followed.

(iv) An alternate temperature rise for the diurnal test may be approved by the Executive Officer. If a manufacturer has in formation which shows that a particular fuel tank design will change the tempera ture rise significantly from the function above, the manufacturer may present the in formation to the Executive Officer

for evaluation and consideration.

(v) The hot soak evaporative emission test shall be performed immediately following the "hot" start exhaust emiss ion test. This test is described in 40 CFR §§86.138-78 and 86.138-90, except for §§86.138- 78(d) and 86.138-90(e) which are revised to require that the motorcycle be pushe d with the engine off rather than driven at a minimum throttle from the dynamometer t o the SHED.

(vi) Calculations shall be performed in accordance with 40 CFR §86.143-78 or 86.143-90, except the standard volume for a motorcycle shall be 5ft 3

instead of 50 ft 3

.Figure 1: Running Loss Vapor Vent Collection Syste m

Attachment BSTART

FUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

VEHICLE PRECONDITIONING

FUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD

COLD START EXHAUST TEST

HOT START EXHAUST TEST

FUEL TANK TEMP.

STABILIZATION 105 F

RUNNING LOSS TEST - UDDS, NYCC, NYCC, UDDS

AT 105 F TEMPERATURE

HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 105 F

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD

COLD START EXHAUST TEST

HOT START EXHAUST TEST

HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 68 F TO 86 F

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F

Figure 2: Test Procedure for 2001 and Subsequent M odel Motor Vehicles DIURNAL TEST - 72 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

END DIURNAL TEST - 48 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

END START

FUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

VEHICLE PRECONDITIONING

FUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD

COLD START EXHAUST TEST

HOT START EXHAUST TEST

FUEL TANK TEMP.

STABILIZATION 105 F

RUNNING LOSS TEST - UDDS, NYCC, NYCC, UDDS

AT 105 F TEMPERATURE

HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 105 F

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD

COLD START EXHAUST TEST

HOT START EXHAUST TEST

HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 68 F TO 86 F

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F

DIURNAL TEST - 72 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

END DIURNAL TEST - 48 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

ENDFUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

VEHICLE PRECONDITIONING

FUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD

HOT START TEST

FUEL TANK TEMP.

STABILIZATION 105 F

RUNNING LOSS TEST -
UDDS, NYCC, NYCC, UDDS

AT 105 F TEMPERATURE

HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 105 F

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F EXHAUST

OR EVAP

TEST? EXH 4 PHASE EXHAUST TEST

COLD START TEST EVAP COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD START

ALL ELECTRIC RANGE TEST

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 68 F TO 86 F HOT START TEST COLD START TEST

DIURNAL TEST - 48 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

END

DIURNAL TEST - 72 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

END



### Figure 3A: Test Procedure for 2001 and Subsequent Model Hybrid Electric VehiclesSTART

ALL ELECTRIC RANGE TEST

FUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

VEHICLE PRECONDITIONING

FUEL DRAIN & FILL

COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD

4 PHASE EXHAUST TEST

FUEL TANK TEMP.

STABILIZATION 105 F

RUNNING LOSS TEST -
UDDS, NYCC, NYCC, UDDS

AT 105 F TEMPERATURE

HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 105 F

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F COLD SOAK

CANISTER PURGE & LOAD

4 PHASE EXHAUST TEST

HOT SOAK ENCLOSURE TEST

AT 68 F TO 86 F

VEHICLE SOAK

LAST 6 HOURS AT 65 F

DIURNAL TEST - 48 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

END

DIURNAL TEST - 72 HOURS VARIABLE TEMP. SHED (65 F TO 105 F)

END



### Figure 3B: Test Procedure for 2001 and Subsequent Model Hybrid Electric Vehicles