NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 104

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall, Editor

Volume 104

BOREAS Forest Cover Data Layers

of the NSA in Raster Format

David Knapp, Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center,

Greenbelt, Maryland

Manning Tuinhofj-; Manitoba Natural Resources Forestry Branch,

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

September 2000

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NASA/TMm2000-209891, Vol. 104

Technical Report Series on the

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

Forrest G. Hall, Editor

Volume 104

BOREAS Forest Cover Data Layers

of the NSA in Raster Format

David Knapp, Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center,

Greenbelt, Maryland

Manning Tuinhofj-; Manitoba Natural Resources Forestry Branch,

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

September 2000
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076-1320

Price Code: A17

Available from:

National Technical Information Service

5285 Port Royal Road

Springfield, VA 22161

Price Code: A10
BOREAS Forest Cover Data Layers of the NSA in Raster Format

David Knapp, Manning Tuinhoff

Summary

This data set was processed by BORIS staff from the original vector data of species, crown closure,

cutting class, and site classification/subtype into raster files. The original polygon data were received

from Linnet Graphics, the distributor of data for MNR. In the case of the species layer, the percentages

of species composition were removed. This reduced the amount of information contained in the species

layer of the gridded product, but it was necessary in order to make the gridded product easier to use.

The original maps were produced from l:15,840-scale aerial photography collected in 1988 over an

area of the BOREAS NSA MSA. The data are stored in binary, image format files.

Note that the binary files of this data set on the BOREAS CD-ROMs have been compressed using

the Gzip program. See Section 8.2 for details.

Table of Contents

1) Data Set Overview

2) Investigator(s)

3) Theory of Measurements

4) Equipment

5) Data Acquisition Methods

6) Observations

7) Data Description

8) Data Organization

9) Data Manipulations

10) Errors

11) Notes

12) Application of the Data Set

13) Future Modifications and Plans

14) Software

15) Data Access

16) Output Products and Availability

17) References

18) Glossary of Terms

19) List of Acronyms

20) Document Information

1. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS Forest Cover Data Layers of the NSA in Raster Format

1.2 Data Set Introduction

This data set was gridded to a 30-meter pixel size from vector polygons of forest cover

information. The four separate layers include species, crown closure category, cutting class, and site

classification/subtype.

Page 1
1.3 Objective/Purpose

These data are provided as part of the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) Staff

Science Geographic Information System (GIS) Data Collection Program, which included the collection

of pertinent map data in both hardcopy and digital form. This data set, originally provided as vector

polygons with attributes, has been processed to provide raster files that can be used for modeling or

for comparison purposes. It has been used by foresters and others interested in the forest resources of

Manitoba.

1.4 Summary of Parameters

The parameters in this raster data set include species, crown closure category, cutting class, and

site classification/subtype.

1.5 Discussion

As mentioned in the Summary and Section 1.2, these data were gridded from vector polygons

produced by Manitoba Natural Resources (MNR) and distributed by Linnet Graphics. A full

description of the data layer derivations is given in Section 9.

1.6 Related Data Sets

The original vector data are available for a larger area, but are not distributable by BOREAS.

Individuals interested in the original data should contact Linnet Graphics as indicated in Section 7.3.

BOREAS SERM Forest Cover Data for the Southern Study Area in Vector Form

BOREAS Forest Cover Data for the Southern Study Area in Raster Form

2. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

BOREAS Staff Science

2.2 Title of Investigation

BOREAS Staff Science GIS Data Collection Program

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1:

Manning Tuinhoff

Manitoba Natural Resources

Forestry Branch

300-530 Kenston Blvd.

Winnipeg, Manitoba

Canada R3N lZ4

(204) 945-7952

Contact 2:

David Knapp

Raytheon ITSS

NASA GSFC

Code 923

Greenbelt, MD 20771

(301) 286-1424

(301) 286-0239 (fax)

David.Knapp@ gsfc.nasa.gov

Page 2
3. Theory of Measurements

MNR personnel collect and maintain GIS types of information for use by natural resource managers.

The data from which these were derived are a part of the MNR data holdings.

4. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

Linnet Graphics is the distributor of the vector data for MNR. The original data were digitized from

maps at a scale of 1:15,840. These maps were produced from aerial photography collected in 1988.

The original vector data were acquired as ARC/INFO vector coverages in ARC/INFO export format.

No specific information other than the scale of the resulting photography is known about the aircraft

flights or the equipment that was used to collect the aerial photography.

4.1.1 Collection Environment

Unknown.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Unknown.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

Unknown.

4.1.4 Key Variables

The key variables in this raster data set include species, crown closure category, cutting class, and

site classification/subtype.

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

Unknown.

4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

Unknown.

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

Unknown.

4.2 Calibration

4.2.1 Specifications

Unknown.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

Unknown.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

Unknown.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

Unknown.

Page 3
5. Data Acquisition Methods

The original data were digitized from 1:15,840-scale maps that were produced from aerial photography

collected in 1988.

6. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

None.

6.2 Field Notes

Field survey or data verification notes may be available through MNR but are not known in detail

by BOREAS Information System (BORIS) personnel.

7. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

These data cover an area of the Northern Study Area (NSA) Modeling Sub-Area (MSA) that in turn

covers most of the tower sites. The outside corners of the corner image pixels are as follows:

BOREAS BOREAS NAD83

Corner X (km) Y (km) Longitude Latitude

Northwest 759.000 632.010 98.732W 56.074N

Northeast 816.000 632.010 97.832W 55.981N

Southwest 759.000 602.010 98.816W 55.809N

Southeast 816.000 602.010 97.922W 55.717N

7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

Not available.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

These data were gridded to a cell size of 30 meters.

7.1.4 Projection

The area mapped is projected in the ellipsoidal version of the Albers Equal-Area Conic (AEAC)

projection. The projection has the following parameters:

Datum: North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83)

Ellipsoid: GRS80 or WGS84

Origin: III.000°W degrees 51.000°N

Standard Parallels: 52 ° 30' 00"N

58 ° 30' 00"N

Units of Measure: kilometers

7.1.5 Grid Description

The data are gridded in 30-meter intervals based on the ellipsoidal version of the AEAC projection

with standard parallels of 52 ° 30' N, 58 ° 30'N and a southwest origin of 51 ° N, 111 ° W.

Page 4
7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

The publication dates of the hardcopy version of the maps from which these data were derived

range from 1991 to 1992. BORIS acquired the data in 1994; the forest cover layers have not yet had

any inventory updates.

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

Not available.

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

As noted, the original maps were produced from l:15,840-scale aerial photography collected in

1988. Although hardcopy versions of these maps were published in 1990 and 1991, BORIS staff is

not aware of any updates since 1988.

7.3 Data Characteristics

7.3.1 Parameter/Variable

Species Category

Cutting Class

Crown Closure

Site Class

7.3.2 Variable Description/Definition

Species Category

The category of vegetative species covering the given area as derived by BORIS personnel.

Pixel Value Cover Type

ii

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

31

33

41

42

43

44

45

46

Jack Pine (JP)

Black Spruce (BS)

Tamarack Larch (TL)

White Spruce (WS)

JP/BS

BS/JP

BS/TL

TL/BS

BS/WS

JP/WS

WS/BS

WS/JP

BS/JP/TL

JP/BS/TL

BS/WS/JP

BS/TL/JP

Trembling Aspen (TA)

White Birch (WB)

JP/TA

BS/TA

WS/TA

BS/WB

BS/JP/TA

JP/BS/TA

Page 5
47

48

49

5O

51

52

53

54

55

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

7O

71

72

73

i01

102

103

105

107

109

121

122

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

BS/WS/TA

BS/TL/TA

JP/BS/WB

BS/JP/WB

WS/JP/TA

WS/BS/TA

JP/WS/TA

BS/JP/TL/TA

BS/BA

TA/JP

TA/BS

TA/WS

WB/BS

TA/JP/BS

TA/BS/JP

TA/JP/WS

TA/WS/JP

TA/BS/TL

TA/WS/BS

TA/WB/JP/BS

BA/BS

Willow

treed muskeg

treed rock

clear muskeg

brushland

clearing

nonproductive burn-over

flooded land

water

disturbance - cut-over

disturbance - burn-over

experimental area

gravel pits/mines

marsh

town

roads

hayland

drainage ditch

precipitous slopes/fragile

small islands

transmission/pipelines

Page 6
Species Symbol

Ash AS

Basswood B

Balsam Poplar BA

Balsam Fir BF

Bur Oak BO

Black Spruce BS

Eastern Cottonwood CO

White Elm E

Eastern Cedar EC

Hackberry HB

Hop Hornbeam HH

Jack Pine JP

Large Tooth Aspen LA

Manitoba Maple MM

Red Pine RP

Scots Pine SP

Trembling Aspen TA

Tamarack Larch TL

Willow W

White Birch WB

White Pine WP

White Spruce WS

Cutting Class

Cutting class is based on size, vigor, state of development, and maturity of a stand for harvesting

purposes with designations such as 'Unproductive,' 'Not restocked,' 'Immature,' and 'Mature.'

PIXEL

VALUE DESCRIPTION

No original data over the area.

Unproductive stands. No cutting class given.

Forest land not restocked following fire, cutting, windfall, or other

major disturbances (hence, potentially productive land). Some

reproduction or scattered residual trees (with net merchantable

volume less than 20 cubic meters per hectare) may be present.

Stands that have been restocked either naturally or artificially.

Scattered residual trees may be present as in cutting class 0.

To be in cutting class 3 the average height of the stand must be less

than 3 meters (3 m) .

Advanced young growth of post size, with some merchantable volume.

The average height of the stand must be over 3 meters in order to be

in this cutting class.

Immature stands with merchantable volume growing at or near their

maximum rate, which definitely should not be cut. The average

height of the stand should be over i0 meters and the average diameter

should be over 9.0 centimeters (9.0 cm) at Diameter at Breast Height

(mbh) (1.3 m) .

Mature stands that may be cut because they have reached rotation age

(+/- i0 years on site 1 or +/- 20 years on site 2.

Overmature stands, which should be given priority in cutting.

Page 7
Crown Closure Category

Thecategoryof crownclosurespecifiedin theoriginaldataset.Crownclosurewasestimatedfrom

thephotographyby thephotointerpreter.Fiveclasseswererecognizedandenteredontothestand

descriptionsheetfor eachtownshipaspartof thephotointerpretedtypeaggregate.Changesof this

estimatecanbemadeonlyunderexceptionalcircumstances.

PIXEL

VALUE DESCRIPTION

0 No original data over the area.

1 Unproductive stand. No Crown Closure given.

2 Applies to Cutting Class 0 stands only.

3 15%-30% crown closure.

4 31%-50% crown closure.

5 51%-70% crown closure.

6 71% and over.

Site Class

The type of site on which the forest is growing. Note that the site class descriptions that follow

were taken from page 16 of "Natural Resources Manitoba - Forest Instruction Manual," Feb. 1996,

which was supplied to BORIS staff with the original vector data. However, the manual indicates that

the site classification is applicable only to the Interlake Section of Manitoba, and the BOREAS NSA

near Thompson is not included geographically in the Interlake Section. Therefore, it is not clear if the

provided descriptions are totally applicable.

The land types and associated indicator plants are described for each moisture regime described in a

table on page 16 of "Natural Resources Manitoba - Forest Instruction Manual," Feb. 1996. The

moisture regime in return denotes the site class for each tree species. Because height, growth, and

stand density are reflections of site, these factors should be considered when evaluating the growth of

timber types. A site class was assigned to each subtype on the basis of its major species.

In general terms, site class 1 is associated with moist, very moist, and wet moisture regimes,

regardless of the dominant tree species. Site class 2 is associated with the saturated moisture regime

when black spruce or tamarack is the dominant species. Site class 2 is also associated with the dry

moisture regime when jack pine or trembling aspen is the dominant species. Site class 3 is generally

associated with various tree species in the arid or dry moisture regime. Refer to the table on page 16 of

"Natural Resources Manitoba - Forest Instruction Manual," Feb. 1996, for more information on this

layer.

Although the plants generally reflect the moisture regime of the area, they become important site

indicators only when they occur in abundance throughout the entire type. Localized elevations and

depressions in the timber stand can reflect entirely different plant indicators than those throughout most

of the type. Mineral and nutrients strongly influence tree growth but may not affect the presence of

minor vegetation. Most of the soil in the Interlake area of Manitoba consists of strongly calcareous till.

Although this high calcareous content does not affect the growth of indicators of class 1 jack pine sites,

it seriously inhibits the growth of jack pine. On the other hand, Sphagnum ssp. do not tolerate high

lime conditions. For this reason, feather moss rather than sphagnum is found on much of the deep

organic terrain in the Interlake section.

Because most of the indicator plants grow over a range of moisture regimes, they generally become

important only when they occur in abundance and when a variety of plants are present. In isolated

cases, however, the mere presence of a certain indicator plant throughout the type can denote site class.

A good example of this is when bunchberry or twinflower occurs in association with jack pine. These

plants do not occur on dry moisture regimes and therefore denote site class 1.

Page 8
7.3.3 Unit of Measurement

Species Category - Coded but unitless value.

Cutting Class - Coded but unitless value.

Crown Closure - Coded but unitless value.

Site Class - Coded but unitless value.

7.3.4 Data Source

The original data were acquired in ARC/INFO format from:

Linnet Graphics International, Inc.

600-191 Broadway Avenue

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3C 3T8

7.3.5 Data Range

Species Category - ii to 144

Cutting Class - 0 to 7

Crown Closure - 0 to 6

Site Class - 1 to 9

7.4 Sample Data Record

Not applicable.

8. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

The smallest amount of obtainable data is the entire data set containing the four raster layers and

other supporting files.

8.2 Data Format(s)

8.2.1 Uncompressed Data Files

The data product consists of five total files. The first file is an American Standard Code for

Information Interchange (ASCII) header file that describes the product. Files 2 through 5 contain the

binary raster data layers. Each file (raster layer) contains 1,900 8-bit (1-byte) values in each of 1,000

lines. The following is a list of the data set files:

Record Number of

File Description Size (Bytes) Records Bytes/Pixel

i Header File 80 N/A

2 SPECIES COVER 1900 i000 i

3 CUTTING CLASS 1900 i000 i

4 CROWN CLOSURE 1900 i000 1

5 SITE CLASS 1900 i000 1

8.2.2 Compressed CD-ROM Files

On the BOREAS CD-ROMs, file 1 listed above is stored as ASCII text; however, files 2 through 5

have been compressed with the Gzip compression program (file name *.gz). These data have been

compressed using gzip version 1.2.4 and the high compression (-9) option (Copyright (C) 1992-1993

Jean-loup Gailly). Gzip (GNU zip) uses the Lempel-Ziv algorithm (Welch, 1994) used in the zip and

PKZIP programs. The compressed files may be uncompressed using gzip (-d option) or gunzip. Gzip

is available from many Web sites (for example, ftp site prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/gzip-*.*) for a variety

of operating systems in both executable and source code form. Versions of the decompression

software for various systems are included on the CD-ROMs.

Page 9
9. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

The original polygon data were digitized from 1:15,840-scale forest cover maps by MNR or by an

organization appointed by MNR. The important attributes that were associated with each polygon are

as follows:

COVERTYPE

SPECIES

LAND - I D

The following data layers were extracted and gridded _om the above attributes:

SPECIES COVER

CROWN CLOSURE

CUTTING CLASS

SITE CLASS/SUBTYPE

The SPECIES COVER layer was produced based on information from the SPECIES attribute.

CROWN CLOSURE, CUTTING CLASS, and SITE CLASS were extracted from the original

COVERTYPE attribute. The original COVERTYPE attribute consists of a 5 digit code. The third,

fourth, and fifth digits of this code indicate the site class, cutting class, and crown closure,

respectively.

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

For the SPECIES layer, the species attribute string had to be modified for each polygon. In

general, the species attributes were labeled as dominant species and percent followed by codominant

species and percent. For example, a polygon with a species attribute of BS6JP4 indicated 60% black

spruce, 40% jack pine. Similarly, BS7JP3 indicated 70% black spruce, 30% jack pine. In creating the

raster species cover layer, the percentages were removed to change initial polygons listed with black

spruce first followed by jack pine to BS/JP. Polygons labeled as BS5JP5 or JP5BS5 retained their

original species label order. Any resultant polygons that were labeled as BS/JP were assigned a value

of 16. In this same manner, all polygons were assigned numeric values that were used as pixel values

in the gridded product. The crown closure, cutting class, and site class parameters were only

renumbered from their original values.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

9.2.1 Processing Steps

The following processing sequence was used to grid each of the four layers:

• Edit vectors as needed to create gridded layers.

• Reproject vectors from Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) to AEAC projection.

• Grid vector coverages.

• Combine gridded townships to make one large gridded layer.

• Write gridded layers to tape.

• Copy the ASCII and compress the binary files for release on CD-ROM.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None.

9.3 Calculations

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

None.

Page 10
9.3.2 Calculated Variables

None.

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None.

10. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

A source of error in the original data set could be digitizing error. The possibility of coding errors

in the attributes also exists. The value of an attribute could have been keyed in incorrectly.

10.2 Quality Assessment

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

Unknown.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

Although the gridding procedure itself is highly accurate, there is some question as to the accuracy

of the original data. Therefore, caution should be used when inferring information from this data set.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

Unknown.

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

Not applicable.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

Each gridded image was visually checked by BORIS personnel to ensure the gridding procedure

assigned a digital number (DN) to each attribute value and that the resultant images seemed reasonable.

11. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

BORIS staff acquired these data in 1994; areas subjected to logging activity or other disturbance,

such as fire, would appear much different today as compared to the forest cover data.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

At least one polygon in the original data was incorrectly coded. The SPECIES was indicated as

80% Balsam Poplar and 20% Balsam Poplar (coded BA8BA2). This was an obvious coding error in

the original data. There were also a few polygons that did not have any code at all. In these cases, a

code was added if it existed in the hardcopy version of the product; otherwise, it was left as a "no data"

area.

11.3 Usage Guidance

The SPECIES layer can be used to determine the dominant species or the presence of a species in

an area. The CROWN CLOSURE layer can be used to estimate tree density. The CUTTING CLASS

layer can be used to estimate stand age.

Before uncompressing the Gzip files on CD-ROM, be sure that you have enough disk space to

hold the uncompressed data files. Then use the appropriate decompression program provided on the

CD-ROM for your specific system.

Page 11
11.4 Other Relevant Information

MNR personnel are constantly updating their data. Contact Linnet Graphics International, Inc., for

more recent data.

12. Application of the Data Set

This data set would provide good reference information for assessing spectral image data classification

techniques over the area and as an initial baseline data set for analyzing land cover and vegetation

change.

None.

13. Future Modifications and Plans

14. Software

14.1 Software Description

The data manipulation capabilities in the ARC/INFO software package (Version 7) were used to

reproject the vector data prior to gridding. Questions about the software should be directed to:

Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.

380 New York Street

Redlands, CA 92373-8100

Gzip (GNU zip) uses the Lempel-Ziv algorithm (Welch, 1994) used in the zip and PKZIP commands.

14.2 Software Access

ARC/INFO is a commercial package; contact Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.

(ESRI) for details.

Gzip is available from many Web sites across the Internet (for example, ftp site

prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/gzip-*.*) for a variety of operating systems in both executable and source

code form. Versions of the software for various systems are included on the CD-ROMs.

15. Data Access

The forest cover data layers of the NSA in raster format are available from the Earth Observing System

Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active

Archive Center (DAAC).

15.1 Contact Information

For BOREAS data and documentation please contact:

ORNL DAAC User Services

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

P.O. Box 2008 MS-6407

Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6407

Phone: (423) 241-3952

Fax: (423) 574-4665

E-mail: ornldaac@ornl.gov or ornl@eos.nasa.gov

Page 12
15.2 Data Center Identification

Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Oak Ridge National Laboratory

(ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) for Biogeochemical Dynamics

http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/.

15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may obtain data directly through the ORNL DAAC online search and order system

[http://www-eosdis.oml.gov/] and the anonymous FTP site [ftp://www-eosdis.oml.gov/data/] or by

contacting User Services by electronic mail, telephone, fax, letter, or personal visit using the contact

information in Section 15.1.

15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

The ORNL DAAC is the primary source for BOREAS field measurement, image, GIS, and

hardcopy data products. The BOREAS CD-ROM and data referenced or listed in inventories on the

CD-ROM are available from the ORNL DAAC.

16. Output Products and Availability

16.1 Tape Products

These data can be made available on 1600 or 6250 Bytes Per Inch (BPI) 9-track, 8-ram, or Digital

Archive Tape (DAT) tapes.

16.2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

These data are available on the BOREAS CD-ROM series.

17. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

ARC/INFO User's Guide (Version 7). 1994. Redlands, CA.

Natural Resources Manitoba - Forest Instruction Manual. Feb. 1996.

Welch, T.A. 1984. A Technique for High Performance Data Compression. IEEE Computer, Vol. 17,

No. 6, pp. 8-19.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J. Nickeson,

A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. 2000. Collected Data of The

Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. NASA. CD-ROM.

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94).

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: Experiment Plan. Version

1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994

Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC 94).

Page 13
Sellers,P.,F. Hall, andK.F. Huemmrich.1997.BorealEcosystem-AtmosphereStudy:1996

Operations.NASA BOREASReport(OPSDOC96).

Sellers,P.,F. Hall, H. Margolis,B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi,G. denHartog,J.Cihlar, M.G. Ryan,B.

Goodison,P.Crill, K.J.RansomD. Lettenmaier,andD.E. Wickland. 1995.Theboreal

ecosystem-atmospherestudy(BOREAS):anoverviewandearlyresultsfrom the1994field year.

Bulletinof theAmericanMeteorologicalSociety.76(9):1549-1577.

Sellers,P.J.,F.G.Hall, R.D.Kelly, A. Black, D. Baldocchi,J. Berry, M. Ryan,K.J. Ranson,P.M.

Crill, D.P.Lettenmaier,H. Margolis,J.Cihlar, J.Newcomer,D. Fitzjarrald,P.G.Jarvis,S.T.

Gower,D. Halliwell, D. Williams, B. Goodison,D.E.Wickland, andF.E.Guertin.1997.BOREAS

in 1997:ExperimentOverview,ScientificResultsandFutureDirections.Journalof Geophysical

Research102(D24):28,731-28,770.

17.3 Arehive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

None.

AEAC

ASCII

BOREAS

BORIS

BPI

CCRS

CCT

CD-ROM

DAAC

DAT

DN

EOS

EOSDIS

ESRI

GIS

GSFC

MSA

NAD83

MNR

NASA

NSA

OA

OBS

OJP

ORNL

PANP

SSA

UTM

URL

YJP

18. Glossary of Terms

19. List of Acronyms

- Albers Equal-Area Conic

- American Standard Code for Information Interchange

- BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

- BOREAS Information System

- Bytes Per Inch

- Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing

- Computer Compatible Tape

- Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory

- Distributed Active Archive Center

- Digital Archive Tape

- Digital Number

- Earth Observing System

- EOS Data and Information System

- Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.

- Geographic Information System

- Goddard Space Flight Center

- Modeling Sub-Area

- North American Datum of 1983

- Manitoba Natural Resources

- National Aeronautics and Space Administration

- Northern Study Area

- Old Aspen

- Old Black Spruce

- Old Jack Pine

- Oak Ridge National Laboratory

- Prince Albert National Park

- Southern Study Area

- Universal Transverse Mercator

- Uniform Resource Locator

- Young Jack Pine

Page 14
20. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Dates

Written: 01-Aug- 1994

Last Updated: 05-Feb- 1999

20.2 Document Review Dates

BORIS Review: 20-Jun- 1997

Science Review:

20.3 Document ID

20.4 Citation

When using these data, please include the following acknowledgement as well as citations of

relevent papers in Section 17.2:

The original data were provided by MNR. The vector data were processed and gridded by BORIS

staff. The contribution of the vector data by MNR and the processing of the data by BORIS staff are

greatly appreciated.

If using data from the BOREAS CD-ROM series, also reference the data as:

Tuinhoff, M. and D. Knapp ,"BOREAS Staff Science GIS Data Collection Program." in Collected

Data of The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. Eds. J. Newcomer, D. Landis, S. Conrad, S.

Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A.Morrell, J. Nickeson, A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T.

Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

Also, cite the BOREAS CD-ROM set as:

Newcomer, J., D. Landis, S. Conrad, S. Curd, K. Huemmrich, D. Knapp, A. Morrell, J.

Nickeson, A. Papagno, D. Rinker, R. Strub, T. Twine, F. Hall, and P. Sellers, eds. Collected Data of

The Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study. CD-ROM. NASA, 2000.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL

Page 15
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormApproved

OMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for this collection of informationis estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources,

gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this

collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson

Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503.

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED

September 2000 Technical Memorandum

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Technical Report Series on the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)

BOREAS Forest Cover Data Layers of the NSA in Raster Format

6. AUTHOR(S)

David Knapp and Manning Tuinhoff

Forrest G. Hall, Editor

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Washington, DC 20546-0001

5. FUNDING NUMBERS

923

RTOP: 923-462-33-01

8. PEFORMING ORGANIZATION

REPORT NUMBER

2000-03136-0

10. SPONSORING / MONITORING

AGENCY REPORT NUMBER

TM--2000-209891

Vol. 104

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

D. Knapp: Raytheon ITSS, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland;

M. Tuinhoff: Manitoba Natural Resources Forestry Branch, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Unclassifie_Unlimited

Subject Category: 43

Report available from the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information,

7121 Standard Drive, Hanover, MD 21076-1320. (301) 621-0390.

12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)

This data set was processed by BORIS staff from the original vector data of species, crown closure,

cutting class, and site classification/subtype into raster files. The original polygon data were received

from Linnet Graphics, the distributor of data for MNR. In the case of the species layer, the percentages

of species composition were removed. This reduced the amount of information contained in the species

layer of the gridded product, but it was necessary in order to make the gridded product easier to use.

The original maps were produced from l:15,840-scale aerial photography collected in 1988 over an

area of the BOREAS NSA MSA. The data are stored in binary, image format files.

14. SUBJECT TERMS

BOREAS, remote sensing science.

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF REPORT

Unclassified

NSN 7540-01-280-5500

18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF THIS PAGE

Unclassified

19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified

15. NUMBER OF PAGES

15

16. PRICE CODE

20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT

UL

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89)

Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

298-102