#### *Boner &c. vs. Smith &c.*

Ejectment.

Case 79.

Error to the Pendleton Circuit; William O. Brown, Judge.

*Costs against plaintiff.or his lessors. Circuit rule. Judgment by confession an§ consent. Error ’.*

Part of the lessors of the plaintiff struck off the declaration, and made defendants with ’fthe tenants in possession.-

Confession of lease, entry, and ouster,' on condition an actual ouster should he proved.

Jane 16.

Chief Justice Bibb

delivered the opinion of tile court.

The present plaintiffs in error were lessors of the nominal plaintiff, John Doe, in a declaration of ejectment against the casual ejector, Richard Roe. The notice was served on Larkin Smith, the tenant in possession, on the first day of April, 1826. At the return term, on motion of Elisha Envin and Sarah his wife, their names, which had been inserted in the declaration as lessors of the plaintiff, were stricken out. ■

At a subsequent day of *the*term, the present plaintiffs in error, (the remaining lessors) came, and came also the tenant, Larkin Smith, and Elisha Erwin and Sarah his wife, and were admitted to defend in the place of the casual-ejector, upon an offer to enter into the rule, to confess lease, entry and *ouster,*provided an actual ouster should be proved on the trial, and accordingly, the rule was specially entered, that the defendants agreed to confess lease ar.ti entry, and also ouster, provided an actual ouster should be proved, and the plaintiffs joined in the rule; by which it was stipulated as usual, that in case the plaintiff failed to prosecute his suit, for any other cause than the defendants not confessing lease, entry and ouster, as aforesaid, or if a verdict passed for the defendant on trial, that then, the *lessors of**379fixe plaintiff would pay to the defendants theix’ costs, to be taxed, &c.

Action discontinued, and judgment, for costs against. the plaintiff’s *lessors.*

Discontinuance set aside, and order of survey.

Order setting aside the order of discontinuance, itself set aside by consent,at the next term.

Error assigned in the judgment for costs against the lessors.

Tf the lessors of the pl’ff refuse to join in the consent rule, and a, bandon their' suit, they escape costs.

Where the lessors enter into the consent rule to pay costs, they are liable, and may be compelled to pay them *by attachment.*But—

Query, of the propriety of rendering a *judgment*against the lessor

Afterwards, the plaintiff, upon his motion, discontinued, and thereupon the judgment wasx’endered for the.defendants, that they recover their costs of the lessors of the plaintiff.

Afterwards, on the same day of the term, on motion of the lessors of the plaintiff by their attorney, the discontinuance was set aside, and also the judgment for costs; an order of survey was made, and the cause was continued until the next term.

At the ensuing term by consent of parties, it was ordered that the last order of the preceding term “setting aside the discontinuance &c. be set aside, and that said suit stand discontinued.”

And now the said lessors of the plaintiff, in their proper names, have sued their writ of error to the judgment of April term, for costs, and camplain,and assign for *error, that the*court rendered the judgment for costs against the lessors of. tlxe plaintiff, instead of against the casual ejectox’.

It is tnxe, that upon the appearance of the tenant and landlord, the lessors of the plaintiff might have refused to join in the consent rule, and might have abandoned the action, without being liable for costs.

But they joined in the consent rule, and thereby became responsible for costs, according to the terms of that rule. ,

Ordinarily, in case of a nonsuit, or verdict for defendant, the judgment for costs is entered against the plaintiff, who is the nominal person (the defendants not having violated the consent rule;) thereupon the costs are taxed, and marked upon the consent rule; and if upon presentation *thereof*to tlxe lessor of the plaintiff, and demand xuade of the costs, by the defendant personally, or by his attorney named in the rule, the lessor refuse to pay, upon affidavit *of*such demand and of the lessor’s refusal to pay the costs, an attachment may bo obtained against the lessor.

*380Where the order setting aside a judgment for costs, is itself set aside, by-consent at a subsequent term, the first judgment is restored, and stand* as a judgment confessed, and cannot be reversed here.

Judgment affirmed.

*Depew*for plaintiffs.

The complaint then is, to the form of the judgment for costs, that it is against the persons really existing and properly responsible for them, instead of against the fictitious.plaintiff, who, because he is not existing, is in fact irresponsible.

Whether this court ought *to*reverse a *judgment*for costs, merely because it is entered against *the*lessors of the plaintiff, that is against the real plaintiff,, instead of against the fictitious nominal plaintiff, may admit of future consideration.

In this case, the judgment was entered against the lessors of. the plaintiff; after that judgment for costs had been actually set aside, they did, at a subsequent term, consent to set aside the order of the preceding term, which liad rescinded the judgment for costs. It is by virtue of this consent, given and entered at the subsequent term, that the judgment for costs against the lessors stands. Without *the*consent of the July term, the judgment for costs at the preceding term would not be in force and operation; it was annulled; the plaintiffs assented to an order for restoring it; and now prosecute their writ of error to it. It is now a judgment by consent; which, like every judgment by confession, is equal to a release of errors. The common law maxim is, *“consensus tollit errorcm..,‘’*The statute says, “a judgment by confession shall be equal to a release of errors.” 1. Digest 255, Sect. 44. It would be going far in the teetli of the common law and statutory law, were we now to reverse a judgment which owes all its force and operation as a judgment to the consent of the parties to that judgment, and to the consent of the very persons complaining of it.

It seems to this court that the consent given at the July term, 1826, by which the rescinded judgment of the preceding term, was again made operative and in force, is equivalent to a release of errors apparent on the record. It is therefore considered by the court, that the said judgment be affirmed, -with costs, &c.