# Patent

## Title
Muscular force actuated vehicle

## Abstract

This is a continuation-in-part application of my copending application having Ser. No. 831,836, filed Feb. 24, 1986, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,685,760.

## Background
The invention is related to a jumper cable assembly. More specifically, this invention provides a jumper cable assembly having a battery contact clamp with a cable/connector secured thereto for "jump starting" an automobile, charging a battery, or the like.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,737,832 to Anderson teaches an electrical clamp wherein the connecting means provided at the pivot point has shock absorbing properties and is comprised of a resilient sleeve surrounding the interconnecting rivet. The clamp of Anderson has jaws which are not in close proximity to each other when the clamp is closed. U.S. Pat. No. 3,267,452 to Wolf discloses a battery determining whether or not the clamp is being connected to the correct terminal of a battery prior to charging. The clamps of Wolf and Anderson do not have a pivotal lug terminal within a handle of the clamp which is in bias contact with an arm of the spring that urges the jaws together. None of the foregoing prior art patents teach or suggest the particular jumper cable assembly of this invention.

This invention accomplishes its desired objects by broadly providing a jumper cable assembly for use in charging batteries within an automobile. The jumper cable assembly comprises a pair of battery contact clamps. Each clamp includes a lower member having a pair of lower parallel ears with aligned lower apertures and having one end terminating into a lower jaw portion with a structure defining a plurality of teeth. An upper member is provided having a pair of upper parallel ears with aligned upper apertures that register with the lower apertures of the lower parallel ears of the lower member when the upper parallel ears and the lower parallel ears mate. The upper member additionally has an end terminating into an upper jaw portion having a structure defining a plurality of teeth.

A rivet means passes through the lower and upper apertures to pivotally secure the lower member to the upper member such that the jaw portions of the lower and upper member cooperate with each other respectively. A torsion spring means is provided for urging the jaw portions together in a touching relationship about the rivet means and maintaining the jaw portions in a touching relationship when the clamp is in a closed posture.

The torsion spring means has convolutions that are positioned around the rivet means and an upper end and a lower end that respectively engage the upper and lower members. A lug terminal means is pivotally secured to the lower member. The lug terminal means is contacted biasingly by the lower end of the torsion spring means to retain and urge the lug terminal means against the lower member and assist in retaining any cable engaged to the lug terminal means against the lower member. The upper end and the lower end of the torsion spring means extend away from the rivet means in the same direction and in an opposed relationship with respect to each other.

A pair of cables is also included within the jumper cable assembly with one of the cables secured to the lug terminal means of one of the battery contact clamps and the other cable secured to the lug terminal means of the other battery contact clamp.

A connector is secured to the ends of the pair of cables opposed to the ends secured to the lug terminal means of the pair of battery contact clamps.

The present invention also accomplishes its desired objects by providing a method for jumping and energizing a side-mount battery having a side-mount battery terminal comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a battery and a first connector means and a pair of first connector cables interconnecting said first connector means with said battery;

(b) providing a second connector means and a pair of battery contact clamps and a pair of second connector cables interconnecting said second connector means with said pair of battery contact clamps;

(c) mating releasably the first connector means with the second connector means;

(d) grasping a pair of handles of said battery contact clamp which are riveted pivotally together and such has a U-shaped configuration and includes a jaw having a plurality of teeth formed and structured along a pair of sides and the front of the respective jaw, said teeth of said jaws of said handles being in a touching, occlusive relationship when the clamp is in a closed posture and urged biasingly together by a torsion spring means that convolutes the rivet and includes a pair of spring arms that extend from the convolutions of the spring in the same direction in an opposed relationship with respect to each other into the U-shaped handles with one of the spring arms having a lip and contacting biasingly between the convolutions and the lip a lug terminal pivotally secured within one of the U-shaped handles to urge and hold the lug terminal within and against the inside of the U-shaped handle and protect the user from accidentally contacting a cable secured to the lug terminal and passing underneath said lip of said spring arm;

(e) forcing the jaws of the handles apart by pressing the handles against the spring arms of the torsion spring;

(f) positioning the open jaws of step (e) around a counter-sunk battery bolt within a side-mount battery terminal of a side-mount battery; and

(g) releasing the pressure off the handles such that the jaws of the handles close around the counter-sunk battery bolt.

It is an object of the invention to provide a jumper cable assembly.

Still further objects of the invention reside in the provisions of a method for jumping and energizing a side-mount battery having a side-mount battery terminal.

These, together with the various ancillary objects and features which will become apparent as the following description proceeds, are attained by this invention, preferred embodiments being shown in the accompanying drawings, by way of example only, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the battery terminal clamp of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the clamp disclosing the torsion spring and the back of the lug terminal which is held down from a biasing spring arm of the torsion spring arm;

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken in direction of the arrows and along the plane of line 3--3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the lug terminal;

FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the inside of a handle of the clamp having the lug terminal pivotally secured thereto;

FIG. 6 is a partial side elevational view of the clamp disclosing the lug terminal being held down biasingly by a spring arm from the torsion spring;

FIG. 7 is a front elevational view of the clamp depicting the jaws having teeth in the front;

FIG. 8 is a side elevational view of the clamp engaged to a counter-sunk battery bolt of a battery terminal of a side-mount battery;

FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of the inside of a handle of the clamp having a cable secured to the lug terminal;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an automobile having a battery interconnected electrically to a connector mounted in front of the automobile;

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the connector secured to the grill of the automobile in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the jumper cable assembly;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a pair of connectors in a position for mating wherein one connector is upside down with respect to the other connector;

FIG. 14 is a top plan view of a pair of connectors that have been interconnected releasably;

FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional view taken in direction of the arrows and along the plane of line 15--15 in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is an end elevational view of a connector;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a contact;

FIG. 18 is a vertical sectional view of a contact connected to a cable;

FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional view taken in direction of the arrows and along the plane of line 19--19 in FIG. 17;

FIG. 20 is a battery of an automobile having connected electrically thereto a connector;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a post terminal disclosing a preferred means of securing the jumper cable assembly to a battery post;

FIG. 22 is an electrical schematic diagram of the connector secured to a battery; and

FIG. 23 is an end elevational view of an end of a connector opposite the end of FIG. 16 disclosing the semi-circular recesses of a connector.

Referring in detail now to the drawings wherein similar parts of the invention are identified by like reference numerals, it is seen that the battery charger clamp, generally illustrated as 10, has a metallic upper member 12 and a metallic lower member 14. The upper member 12 has a pair of parallel ears 16--16 with aligned apertures 18--18. The upper member 12 also includes an arcuate nose jaw portion 20 with a plurality of teeth 22, and a handle 24 having a U-shaped configuration with a base 26 and a pair of parallel walls 28--28 integrally bound to the base 26. The lower member 14 has a pair of parallel ears 30--30 with aligned apertures 32--32 that register with the apertures 18--18 when the parallel ears 16--16 mate with the parallel ears 30--30 such that the members 12 and 14 form a cooperating relationship. The lower member 14 further has an arcuate nose jaw portion 34 with a plurality of teeth 36, and a handle 28 including a U-shaped configuration with a base 40 and a pair of parallel walls 42--42 integrally bound to the base 40. A rivot 44 passes through the two pair of apertures 18--18 and 32--32 to pivotally secure together the members 12 and 14 such that the respective jaw portions 20 and 34 cooperate with each other in an occlusive relationship. Fitted over each of the handles 24 and 38, including the respective inside walls 28--28 and 42--42 and the respective bases or inside bottoms 26 and 40, to provide shockprotection and a hand grip is a sleeve 45 constructed of an insulating material.

A wound torsion spring 46 has its convolutions disposed and about the transversed hinged rivet 44 and between the two pair of ears 16--16 and 30--30 of the respective members 12 and 14. The spring 46 has opposed spring arms 48 and 50 extending from the convolutions and engaging the handles 24 and 38 respectively. Arm 50 has an askewed end 52 with a lip 54. The spring 64 including its arms 48 and 50 tends to urge the jaws 20 and 34 together under pressure and therefore tends to urge the jaw teeth 22 and 36 of the respective jaws 20 and 34 into a biting engagement with a battery terminal, generally illustrated as 56 (see FIG. 8) when located between jaws 20 and 34.

A metallic lug terminal, generally illustrated as 58 (see FIG. 4), has a lug aperture 60 wherethrough a screw 62 or the like, rotatably passes to pivotally secure the lug terminal 58. into the wall 42 of the handle 38. The lug terminal 58 is generally U-shaped with a lug base 64 that is part of the lug terminal 58 pivotally connected to the wall 42, and a pair of gnerally parallel lug walls 66--66 integrally bound to the lug base 64. Each of the lug walls 66--66 has a lug recess 68. When the lug terminal 58 is pivotally secured to the wall 42 of the handle 38, the lug walls 66--66 extend towards and into close proximity of the other wall 42 of the handle 38 (see FIG. 3) that is opposed to the wall 42 having the lug base 64 pivotally secured thereto.

The lower end of the spring arm 50 extending from the convolutions of the spring 46 contacts biasingly the lower lug wall 66 of the lug terminal 58 to retain and urge the lower lug wall 66 against the inside bottom or base 40 of the U-shaped handle 38 of the lower member 14. Any cable 70 (indicated by dotted lines in FIGS. 5 and 6 and a solid line in FIG. 9) engaged within the U-shaped confines of the lug terminal 58 is passed under the lip 54 of the askewed end 52 of the spring arm 50.

The combination of the spring arm 50 biasingly contacting the lower lug wall 66 to hold the latter against the inside bottom 40 of the U-shaped handle 38, along with the passing of the cable 70 underneath the lip 54 of the askewed end 52 of the spring arm 50, retains and maintains the cable 70 within the U-shaped configuration of the handle 38 of the lower member 14 to protect the user of the battery charger clamp 10. Also aiding the retention of the cable 70 within U-shaped handle 38 and protecting the user of the clamp 10 is the pivotally connecting of the lug base 64 to the wall 42 of the handle 38 such that the lug walls 66--66 extend outwardly towards and to be in close proximity with (see FIG. 3) the other wall 42 of the handle 38 that is opposed to the wall 42 having the lug base 64 pivotally secured thereto. With this feature of the invention, the end of the cable 70 can not slip directly, outwardly or perpendicularly away from the lug base 64 of the lug terminal 58 because the end of the cable 70 is essentially enclosed within the internal confines of the U-shaped lug terminal 58 by the close proximity of the wall 42 (not having the lug base 64 pivotally secured thereto) to the end of the lug walls 66--66.

Another important feature of this invention is the fact that the spring 46 with its spring arms 48 and 50 extending substantially along the insides of the U-shaped configuration handles 24 and 38 maintain and keep the teeth 22 and 36 of the respective jaw portions 20 and 34 of the respective members 12 and 14 in a touching, contact and occlusive relationship when the battery terminal 56 is not disposed between the jaws 20 and 34. This feature of the invention, along with constructing the nose of the jaw portions 20 and 34 to be arcuate, enables the battery contact clamp 10 of this invention to easily grasp the end of a side-mount battery cable that mounts to the terminals of a side-mount battery, defined as a battery mounting to a side of an internal wall underneath the hood of an automobile.

FIG. 8 illustrates the battery clamp 10 of this invention mounted to battery bolt 72 of side-mount battery terminal 74 which is connected to an end of a side-mount battery cable (not shown in the drawings) extending from a side-mount battery (also not shown in the drawings). As can be seen in FIG. 8, the battery bolt 72 (when connected to a side-mount battery) is counter-sunk into a terminal recess 76 of the terminal 74, which also includes a flared section 78 that flares or diverges away a section of the terminal 74. The arcuate shape of the nose or jaw portions 20 and 34, in combination with the teeth 22 and 36 of the jaw portions 20 and 34 being in a touching and occlusive relationship when not expanded by a battery terminal, enables the battery clamp 10 of this invention (see FIGS. 1, 2, 6, or 8) to grasp the counter-sunk battery bolt 72 either with the front portions (see FIG. 7) or the side portions of the teeth 22 and 36 of the respective jaws 20 and 34 without being restricted by the flared section 78. The counter-sunk battery bolt 72 has very little external surface area available for grasping and the battery charger clamp 10 of this invention with the plurality of teeth 22 and 36 extending around the front of the respective jaw portions 20 and 34 (see FIG. 7), and around the sides of the same (see FIGS. 1, 2, 6, or 8) in the contact, occlusive relationship offers the user of the clamp 10 the feature of being able to grasp the counter-sunk battery bolt 72 with the front portions of the teeth 22 and 36 (as seen in FIG. 7) or with the side portions of the same (as seen in FIGS. 1, 2, 6, or 8).

Referring in detail now to FIGS. 9 et seq. for the jumper cable assembly, generally illustrated as 100, there is seen a pair of the battery contact clamps 10--10 with a pair of the cables 70--70 secured respectively or individually to the lug terminal 58 of one of battery contact clamps 10. Stated alternatively, one cable 70 engages the lug terminal 58 of one clamp 10 and another cable 70 engages the lug terminal 58 of the other clamp 10. The free and available ends of the cables 70--70 are bound to a connector, generally illustrated as 102.

The connector 102 is a conventional one preferably comprising a connector bottom 104 and a connector top 106 bound integrally to the connector bottom 104. The connector top 106 has an end 107 and a pair of semi-circular grooves 108--108 integrally bound to each other in an aligned relationship such that when the connector top 106 secures to the connector bottom 104, the connector 102 has a pair of generally semi-circular recesses 110--110.

A partition 112 having an upper edge 114 is bound to the end 107 of the connector top 106 and partly covers one of the ends of each of the two semi-circular recesses 110--110 such that there is a pair of connector openings 116--116 between the connector bottom 104 and the upper edge 114 of the partition 112.

A pair of connector bottom lips 118--118 attach integrally to the connector bottoms 104 and to the partition 112. Each of the connector bottom lips 118--118 has a structure defining generally a pair of U-shaped channels 120--120 communicating with the connector openings 116--116.

A connector top lip 122 is secured integrally to the connector top 106 and extends out over the pair of connector bottom lips 118--118. As illustrated in the drawings, the connector top lip 122 has a pair of generally U-shaped channels 124--124 each of which is wider (or has a greater width) than the U-shaped channel 120 of each of the connector bottom lips 118--118.

A pair of leaf-spring biasing means 126--126 is secured to the connector bottom 104. One leaf-spring biasing means 126 extends through one of the connector openings 116 while the other leaf-spring biasing means 126 extends through the other connector opening 116. A pair of contacts 128--128 lodges respectively in the semi-circular recesses 110--110 and extends respectively through one of the connector openings 116 and into one of the U-shaped channels 120 of the connector bottom lips 118--118. Each contact 128 is releasably engaged by one of the leaf-spring biasing means 126 such that the mid-point of each contact 128 is biased against the upper edge 114 of the partition 112 as illustrated in the drawings.

With continuing reference to the drawings for operation of the jumper cable assembly 100, an automobile 130 with a battery 132 is provided. A connector 102 is preferably secured to the front of the automobile 130. A pair of conductors 134--134 interconnect the battery 132 with the contacts 128--128 of the connector 102. Another connector 102, with cables 70--70 connected thereto and to the lug terminals 58--58 of a pair of contact clamps 10--10, engages or mates releasably the connector 102 secured to the front of the automobile 130. Such mating or engaging is accomplished by turning one of the connectors 102 upside down and sliding the connector bottom lips 118--118 of one connector 102 into the U-shaped channels 124--124 of the top lip 122 of the other connector 102 until the biased contacts 128--128 of said one connector 102 mate releasably with the biased contacts 128--128 of said other connector 102 and securely lock releasably the pair of connectors 102--102 together. The pair of battery contact clamps 10--10 are now available to jump or energize another battery in accordance with well known procedures. After the battery has been jumped and energized, the connectors 102--102 are separated by merely pulling forcibly the free connector 102 away from the connector 102 secured to the front of the automobile 130. The jumper cable assembly 100 is now available to be stowed.

While the present invention has been described herein with reference to particular embodiments thereof, a latitude of modification, various changes and substitutions are intended in the foregoing disclosure, and it will be appreciated that in some instances some features of the invention will be employed without a corresponding use of other features without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth.

## Claims

1. A jumper cable assembly comprising a pair of battery contact clamps, each battery contact clamp comprising apertures and having one end terminating into a lower jaw portion having a structure defining a plurality of teeth; apertures that register with the lower apertures of said lower parallel ears of said lower member when said upper parallel ears and said lower parallel ears mate, said upper member additionally having an end terminating into an upper jaw portion having a structure defining a plurality of teeth; securing said lower member to said upper member such that the jaw portions of the lower and upper member cooperate with each other respectively; relationship about said rivet means and maintaining said jaw portions in a touching relationship when said clamp is in a closed posture, said torsion spring means having convolutions that are positioned around the rivet means and an upper end and a lower end that respectively engage the upper and lower members, said upper end and said lower end of said torsion spring means extend away from said rivet means in the same direction and in an opposed relationship with respect to each other; terminal means being contacted biasingly by said lower end of said torsion spring means to retain and urge said lug terminal means against said lower member and assist in retaining any cable engaged to the lug terminal means against the lower member; the battery contact clamps and the other cable secured to the lug terminal means of the other battery contact clamp; and a connector secured to the ends of the pair of cables opposed to the ends secured to the lug terminal means of the pair of battery contact clamps.

2. The battery contact clamp of claim 1 wherein said lower end of said torsion spring means additionally comprises a structure defining a protruding lip that lodges over said cable engaged to the lug terminal means in order to additionally assist in retaining said cable against the lower member, said lower end contacts said lug terminal means between the convolutions and the protruding lip.

3. The battery contact clamp of claim 2 wherein said lower member includes a lower handle having a U-shaped configuration with a pair of parallel handle walls and inside bottom.

4. The battery contact clamp of claim 3 wherein said upper member includes an upper handle having a U-shaped configuration with a pair of parallel handle walls and inside bottom.

5. The battery contact clamp of claim 4 additionally comprising an insulation means bound entirely around said lower and upper handle including the respective inside walls and respective inside bottom of each of the lower and upper handle.

6. The battery contact clamp of claim 5 wherein said connector comprises a connector bottom; a connector top bound to said connector bottom, said connector top having a structure generally defining a pair of semi-circular grooves integrally bound to each other in an aligned relationship such that when the connector top secures to the connector bottom, the connector has a pair of generally semi-circular recesses; and partly covering one of the ends of said semicircular recesses such that there is a pair of connector openings between the connector bottom and the upper edge of the partition; and to the partition, each of said bottom lips having a structure defining generally a pair of U-shaped channels communicating with said connector openings; connector bottom lips, said connector top lip having a structure defining a pair of generally U-shaped channels each of which is wider than each U-shaped channel of each of the connector bottom lips; extending respectively through one of the connector openings; and extending respectively through one of the connector openings and into one of the U-shaped channels of the connector bottom lips and each contact releasably engaged by one of said leaf spring biasing means such that the mid-point of each contact is biased against the upper edge of the partition.

7. The battery contact clamp of claim 2 wherein said lower end and said upper end of said torsion spring means extend towards rear ends of the lower handle and the upper handle.

8. A method for jumping and energizing a side-mount battery having a side-mount battery terminal comprising the steps of: connector cables interconnecting said first connector means with said battery; and a pair of second connector cables interconnecting said second connector means with said pair of battery contact clamps; means; riveted pivotally together and such has a U-shaped configuration and includes a jaw having a plurality of teeth formed and structured along a pair of sides and the front of the respective jaw, said teeth of said jaws of said handles being in a touching, occlusive relationship when said clamp is in a closed posture and urged biasingly together by a torsion spring means that convolutes the rivet and includes a pair of spring arms that extend from the convolutions of the spring in the same direction in an opposed relationship with respect to each other and into the U-shaped handles with one of the spring arms having a lip and contacting biasingly between the convolutions and the lip a lug terminal pivotally secured within one of the U-shaped handles to urge and hold the lug terminal within and against the inside of the U-shaped handle and protect the user from accidentally contacting a cable secured to the lug terminal and passing underneath said lip of said spring arm; the spring arms of the torsion spring; bolt within a side-mount battery terminal of a side-mount battery; and handles close around the counter-sunk battery bolt.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said releasing step (g) includes the side teeth of the jaws of the handles closing around the counter-sunk battery bolt.