Biological Assessment/Evaluation

Threatened, Endangered, Proposed and Forest Service Sensitive Species

Smith River National Recreation Area

Restoration and Motorized Travel Management Project

Klamath Province

Six Rivers National Forest

Smith River National Recreation Area

January 27, 2014

 

Prepared by: /s/Brenda Devlin-Craig__ Date: _1/27/2014_________

 Brenda Devlin-Craig 

 Wildlife Biologist

Reviewed by: /s/ John Hunter Date: _1/28/2014__________

 John Hunter (USFWS)

 Level 1 Representative
I. INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this Biological Assessment/Evaluation (BA/BE) is to review and evaluate the 

proposed Forest Service action, Smith River National Recreation Area Restoration and 

Motorized Travel Management (RMTM) Project, in sufficient detail to determine if the 

proposed action may affect any of the threatened, endangered, or Forest Service sensitive species 

listed below. This BA/BE is prepared in accordance with legal requirements set forth under 

Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act (19 U. S. C. 1536 (c), 50 CFR 402), and standards 

established in Forest Service Manual direction (FSM 2672.42).

This BA/BE incorporates the information from the Forest-wide Reference Document (March 

2014) for BA/BE’s. The Reference Document contains current management direction, species 

life history and habitat requirements information (on which effects of proposed projects are 

evaluated), and literature cited. The Reference Document is updated periodically as species 

status or other information changes. 

The Smith River RMTM Project will determine which system roads are to be kept, upgraded, 

downgraded, repaired, or decommissioned; and which non-system roads will be improved and 

added to the system.

List of Species Considered

The following endangered, threatened, proposed, and Forest Service sensitive (TESP) wildlife 

species are addressed in this document. These species are known to or are suspected to occur on 

the Smith River NRA (Forest-wide Reference Document March 2014). TESP plants and fish 

species are addressed in separate documents.

Endangered

none

Threatened 

Northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)

Marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus)

Critical Habitat

Northern spotted owl

Marbled murrelet

 Proposed

 California wolverine (Gulo gulo luteus)

Forest Service Sensitive Species

Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)

Pacific fisher (Martes pennanti pacifica) also a Federal Candidate species

American marten (Martes americana)

Townsend's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii)
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Fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes)

Southern torrent salamander (Rhyacotriton variegatus)

Northern red-legged frog (Rana aurora aurora)

Foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii)

Western pond turtle (Clemmys marmorata) 

Mardon Skipper (Polites mardon mardon)

Western Bumblebee (Bombus occidentalis)

II. CONSULTATION TO DATE

In 2006, this project was evaluated by the Six Rivers National Forest Wildlife Level 1 Team, 

which includes biologists from both Forest Service (FS) and US Fish and Wildlife Service 

(USFWS), and formal consultation was completed in 2007 (file number 8-14-2007-3069). 

Before implementation could begin, the project was appealed and the decision was rescinded. 

The Forest decided to go through additional public involvement and collaboration, and to prepare 

an Environmental Impact Statement.

On October 31, 2013, the project was again reviewed by the Level 1 Team. The Level 1 Team 

agreed that the determinations reached in 2007 were still valid.

The Level 1 team agreed with the following determination: 1) may affect, likely to adversely 

affect the marbled murrelet (MAMU) and the northern spotted owl (NSO) based on the potential 

for noise disturbance during the breeding season, and 2) may affect not likely to adversely affect 

NSO critical habitat and MAMU critical habitat due to minor habitat degradation at culvert 

removal sites.

The latest federal species list for the project area was obtained from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service website (http://www.fws.gov/arcata/specieslist/speciesreport.asp) dated January 14, 2014 

(Document Number: 743300506-15316) for species occurring on the Smith River National 

Recreation Area. The Region 5 Forest Service Sensitive Wildlife Species that were addressed

were identified from the US Forest Service – Pacific Southwest Region Sensitive Animal Species 

List, September 9, 2013.

On July 31, 2006, a memorandum prepared by the Arcata Fish and Wildlife was received by the 

Forest with guidance that addressed the potential effects of noise disturbance on the federally 

listed northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina; NSO) and marbled murrelet 

(Brachyramphus marmoratus; MAMU). This guidance titled Estimating the Effects of Auditory 

and Visual Disturbance of Northern Spotted Owls and Marbled Murrelets in Northwestern 

California, (USDI, 2006) discussed the results of decibel testing of potential noise-generating 

activities and the distances needed to be maintained from occupied or unsurveyed suitable nesting 

habitat to prevent harassment to these species. This information is incorporated into the proposed 

action, which uses a 500ft. distance for noise disturbance due to the short duration of heavy 

equipment use at culvert sites.

III. CURRENT MANAGEMENT DIRECTION
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See the Six Rivers National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP) and the Forestwide Reference Document (March 2014).

NSO Recovery Plan

On June 28, 2011, the FWS released the Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl 

(Strix occidentalis caurina). The purpose of recovery plans is to describe reasonable actions and 

criteria that are considered necessary to recover a listed species. The 2011 Revised Recovery Plan 

(RP) for the Northern Spotted Owl represents the “best available science.” The 2011 RP 

recognizes the importance of maintaining, and restoring, habitat for the recovery and long-term 

survival of the spotted owl. The 2011 RP relies on Federal lands to provide the major contribution 

for recovery (USDI Fish and Wildlife Service 2011).

Northern Spotted Owl Revised Critical Habitat 

On December 4, 2012 the Final 2012 Northern Spotted Owl Critical Habitat rule was published 

(77 Fed Reg. 71876-72068). Critical habitat consists of those areas which have “physical or 

biological features (I) essential to the conservation of the species and (II) which may require 

special management considerations or protection.” 16 U.S.C. § 1532(5)(A). In total, 

approximately 9,577,969 acres (ac) (3,876,064 hectares (ha)) in 11 units and 60 subunits in 

California, Oregon, and Washington fall within the boundaries of the critical habitat designation 

Federal agencies are required to consult on any project that may affect newly designated Critical 

Habitat under the ESA. The rule became effective on January 3, 2013.

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED ACTION 

Background

The project encompasses the Smith River NRA and Gasquet Ranger District and is referred to 

collectively as the Smith River NRA. Access throughout the Smith River NRA is dependent on 

National Forest Transportation System (NFTS) roads, as well as State and County roads. NFTS 

roads are constructed and maintained to specific Forest Service standards. Table 1 describes the 

existing NFTS and their current Operational Maintenance Level (OML) on the Smith River NRA. 

More information about OMLs is located in Appendix A of this document. The NFTS on the 

Smith River NRA is comprised of approximately 479 miles of roads and 21 miles of motorized 

trails. Of the 479 miles of NFTS roads on the NRA, there are 58 miles of OML1, 270 miles of 

OML 2, 114 miles of OML 3, 18 miles of OML 4, and 19 miles of OML 5 roads. In addition to 

the NFTS, there are approximately 116 miles of State and County roads within the administrative 

boundary, and approximately 155 miles of inventoried unauthorized routes (UAR). Unauthorized 

routes are not maintained by the Forest Service. UARs evaluated in this project are open and 

drivable but are not currently on the NFTS. 

The 1990 Smith River NRA Act restricted motorized travel to designated routes. On November 2, 

2005 the Forest Service published the Travel Management Rule (36 CFR 212) which established 

policies and procedures to ensure that the use of motorized vehicles on public lands would be 
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controlled to protect the resources, to promote the safety of all users of those lands, and to 

minimize conflicts among the various uses of those lands. The Rule consists of two parts, 

Subpart A and Subpart B. 

Subpart A requires the administrative units to conduct a Travel Analysis Process (TAP) to 

evaluate the road and trail system in order to: 1) identify the minimum road system needed for 

safe and efficient travel and for administration, utilization, and protection of National Forest 

System lands; 2) identify roads for decommissioning, including priorities, and; 3) evaluate 

unneeded roads that might be converted to other uses. 

In 2005 the Smith River NRA Roads Analysis Process (RAP)/Off-Highway Vehicle Strategy was 

completed, which addressed OML 1 and 2 roads, and unauthorized routes. The Smith River 

NRA RAP tiers to the Six Rivers National Forest RAP (USDA 2003), which was completed at 

the Forest scale. The Forest-scale RAP addressed Forest Service Maintenance Level 3, 4, and 5 

roads that provide access to large land areas across the Forest and to recreational destinations 

such as campgrounds, picnic sites, and trailheads. The Smith River NRA RAP in combination

with the Forest-scale RAP meets the requirements of the Travel Management Rule, Subpart A, to 

complete a Travel Analysis Process (TAP).

The 2005 Smith River NRA RAP identified the minimum road system needed for safe and 

efficient travel and for administration, utilization, and protection of National Forest system lands. 

The Smith River RAP developed resource risk and administrative need assessments for every 

OML 1 and 2 road and unauthorized routes on the Smith River NRA, which resulted in 

management recommendations for each road or route. The RAP identified road-associated 

environmental and public safety risks; site-specific priorities and opportunities for road 

improvements, decommissioning, and restoration; areas with special resource values; routes that 

are potential candidates for road or trail designation; and developed specific information that may 

be needed to support project-level decisions. The results of this analysis were reviewed in 

preparation of this document and updated when conditions were known to have changed. 

Subpart B involves the designation of roads and trails for motor vehicle use, including 

designation by vehicle class and season of use. 

State, County, and Smith River NRA OML 3, 4, and 5 roads are all main access roads on the 

NRA. These main roads accommodate passenger cars and are not being considered in this 

analysis, with the exception of 17N49 which is an OML 3 road that is being proposed for mixeduse. Also not considered in this analysis are roads that were closed under previous NEPA 

decisions. No new construction or reconstruction would occur under this proposal, and only 

minor expansion of existing open areas (brush removal) will occur to allow parking along 17N49.

The proposed parking areas do not occur in potential habitat for any TES wildlife species.

Proposed Action

There are 4 action alternatives proposed for this project. Alternative 6 is the preferred alternative, 

which will be addressed in this BA/BE.
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The Six Rivers National Forest proposes the following actions1: 

1) The addition of 18 unauthorized routes as roads, totaling 4 miles, to the current NFTS; 

2) The addition of 75 unauthorized routes as motorized trails to the NFTS, totaling 43 miles; 

3) The seasonal gate closure on 13 roads and 7 motorized trails, totaling 34 miles;

4) The mixed-use of 1 road (17N49), totaling 0.5 miles;

5) The decommissioning of 110 NFTS roads, totaling 53.98 miles, and;

6) The restoration of 210 UARs totaling 101 miles

7) The addition of 4 parking areas

The proposed action includes the types of management actions described below. Proposed 

changes to the NFTS, resource risk mitigations, and unauthorized route restoration actions are 

described on a route-by-route basis in Appendix B (Proposed Action Table).

MANAGEMENT ACTION DEFINITIONS

This section provides more information on the types of actions encompassed in the proposed 

action.

Add to Road or Motorized Trail System Desirable unauthorized routes will be added to the 

NFTS either as a road with an identified OML, or as a motorized trail with a designated vehicle 

class. Consideration of whether to designate an unauthorized route as a road versus a trail is based 

on the identified primary purpose of the route. The vehicle class for motorized trails indicates the 

management intent to accommodate a specific use, which is based on an assessment of the 

resource use, recreation opportunities, and constraints of the area. The proposed vehicle class 

designation is Off-Highway Vehicles (OHV).

Upgrade to OML2 In some cases, a road is designated as OML 1 (closed to motorized use) but 

is currently drivable and identified as having a high recreation need. Upgrading these roads 

provides public access and allows the Forest to manage and control the current use to reduce 

resource risk. Upgrading may involve road surface improvements, such as installing, repairing or 

replacing culverts, rolling dips or waterbars.

Downgrading to OML1 Downgrading is primarily aimed at the reduction of maintenance costs 

on low-use roads. Downgrading to OML 1 will close the road for motorized use but would 

maintain the option of future administrative use. Downgrading and managing as OML 1 may 

involve removing culverts and other drainage features and leaving the road in a hydrologically 

maintenance-free condition.

Motorized Mixed-Use (Combined-Use) Designation This changes the allowed vehicle class of 

a road from highway legal only to include all vehicles, including non-highway legal vehicles, on 

passenger car roads (OML 3 and higher). Mixed-use designation is subject to the approval of the 

California Highway Patrol and the Forest Service’s Region 5 Office.

 

1 Lengths are rounded to whole numbers in miles.
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Decommission Road / Restore Unauthorized Route Decommissioned roads and restored 

unauthorized routes are not part of the NFTS, and therefore are not open for motorized travel. 

Decommission Road This action includes removing low use or high risk roads from the 

NFTS. Removing a road or trail from the NFTS may simply involve an amendment to the 

Transportation database for those routes that are currently non-drivable and present a lowrisk; however in other cases, when a road is still drivable and/or there is a moderate or 

high resource risk, decommissioning and restoration actions described below may be 

required. 

Restore Unauthorized Route This action will occur on unauthorized routes where there is 

a moderate or high resource risk, or the route is still drivable, and there is a low need. 

The suite of actions within this category (decommission roads and restore unauthorized routes) 

are aimed at re-establishing vegetation and, if necessary, initiating restoration of ecological 

processes interrupted or adversely impacted by the unneeded road or route. These actions are 

designed to restore hydrologic function. Decommissioned roads and restored routes are left in a 

maintenance-free condition (i.e. remove drainage structures, re-establish natural drainage 

patterns), are not drivable by motor vehicles, and are not part of the NFTS. Depending on slope 

location, type of stream crossings, and diversion potential of an unneeded road or route, 

decommissioning roads and restoring unauthorized routes may require as little as a simple 

barricade or as much as the use of heavy equipment to correct drainage problems. The specific 

actions needed are based on the site-specific conditions and may include the following 

treatments. 

Outslope, Waterbar – These activities are aimed at re-establishing former drainage 

patterns. These water dispersion strategies are all designed to minimize stream diversion 

potential (i.e., prevent water from flowing down the road or trail), which minimizes the 

potential for off-site sediment delivery. 

Remove Culvert and Associated Fill – This action aimed at re-establishing drainage 

patterns. 

Barricade – This includes the placement of a barrier at the entrance to a road or route. 

The objectives are to prevent motorized use and to allow for revegetation.

Resource Risk Mitigations Resource risk mitigations apply to NFTS roads and trails to reduce 

risk and impacts to botanical, wildlife, aquatic, or Port Orford-cedar on system roads and trails. 

Table 3 provides a summary of the resource risk mitigations.

Barricade –This includes the placement of a barrier on NFTS roads and trails. The 

objectives are to prevent motorized use and to allow for revegetation. 

Seasonal Gate Closure – Reinforcing the seasonal closure through the installation of 

a gate is one of the management actions identified as a method to reduce the risk of 

spread of Phytophthora lateralis root disease to Port Orford-cedar populations. 

Seasonal gate closure dates vary depending on location and existing ground 

conditions, but in general, the dates range from October to May.
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Gravel - Reinforce existing gravel on routes or add new gravel along sections of road 

near POC to reduce vehicle contact with mud and the spread of Phytophthora lateralis

root disease to Port Orford-cedar populations.

Route Delineation – Placement of a physical barrier to travel, such as large boulders 

or other imported material, in close proximity to the motorized trail prism, designed to 

keep vehicular traffic on the designated route.

Posted Speed Limits – Posting speed limits to reduce travel speed is aimed at 

reducing dust generation and the potential for inhaling dust that may contain asbestos. 

Public Information – This is aimed at increasing public awareness about the potential 

exposure to asbestos while traveling on newly added NFTS roads and motorized trails, 

and the risk associated with exposure. Information may be made available in maps and 

literature available at the Ranger District office, or through signage posted on newly 

added NFTS roads and motorized trails.

Stormproofing – This is a suite of management actions that will be applied to NFTS 

roads and trails to reduce water quality and sedimentation risks through culvert and 

road surface improvements, including redesigning of culverts for fish passage.

o Installation of Culvert, Rolling Dip – These water dispersion, and/or 

containment strategies are all designed to minimize stream diversion potential 

(i.e., prevent water from flowing down the road or trail), protecting the travel 

route, as well as, minimizing the potential for off-site sediment delivery. The 

term “culvert” includes cross drains and stream crossings.

o Repair/Replace Culvert – This action includes upsizing culverts to pass the 

100-year flood flow and associated debris. 

o Remove Culvert and Associated Fill – When applied to NFTS roads 

remaining on the system, this action is limited to OML 1 roads.

High Priority Roads: In some cases, road work (both decommissioning/restoration and 

stormproofing) cannot be accomplished within the limited operating period for NSO and MAMU 

due the number of culverts to be removed/replaced etc. There are 76 roads that have high risk to 

aquatic resources where work will occur during the breeding season for these species. Not all the 

roads or all segments of each road are within 500 ft. of suitable NSO and or MAMU nesting 

habitat for these species. There are 76 roads that have high risk to aquatic resources where work 

will occur during the breeding season for these species (Appendix B). Of these, 70 roads/routes at 

least partially occur within 500 ft. of suitable NSO and or MAMU nesting habitat. Only one road 

(18N01, less than 1 mile in length) occurs entirely within suitable nesting habitat. Only portions 

of the remaining 69 roads occur within 500 ft. of suitable nesting habitat for the owl and MAMU.

Vegetation removal: No new road construction or reconstruction will occur as part of this 

project; therefore, no habitat will be removed for any TES species. However, in cases of culvert 

removal during decommissioning/restoration, the fill at the site needs to be removed and the 

stream crossing recontoured. Culvert removal may require minor amounts of vegetation removal 

(usually 1/10 acre or less) of brush and smaller diameter trees (saplings up to 11” dbh). No large 

diameter or predominant trees will be removed.

Routine Road Maintenance: Annual road maintenance activities will be required on a subset of 

the District’s roads/routes (depending on site-specific conditions) to ensure public and 
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administrative safety and to reduce resource damage. Routine road maintenance activities 

(Appendix C) can prevent sedimentation, drainage diversion, and slope failure problems that can 

potentially result from road operation and use. Routine road maintenance will maintain the 

functionality of Level 2 and above roads. Following Forest Service Manual direction, all Level 1 

roads will be put into a hydrologically maintenance-free condition under the RMTM Project, and 

will not require routine road maintenance. 

Routine maintenance will allow the Forest to meet its responsibilities under the Highway Safety 

Act (23 U.S.C. sections 401-410). The maintenance activities will remove obstacles and repair 

damaged road surfaces, increasing traveler safety. 

Operating Restrictions

Maintenance actions will occur on high-use roads where normal background noise equals or 

exceeds the noise generated by the maintenance. No seasonal restrictions are necessary to mitigate 

noise disturbance on high-use roads. A high-use road is defined as one or more of the following:

 --Use by 5 or more vehicles per day

 --Access to a high-use destination such as a trailhead, campground, or private land

 --Use for hauling associated with timber harvest that is concurrent with maintenance activities.

A road is no longer considered high-use in the case where the road, no matter what maintenance 

level, has been blocked by unusual circumstances that would cause work to be beyond routine 

maintenance activity. If for any reason a road of any maintenance level has been closed for a full 

year, background noise levels would be exceeded by the routine maintenance activity. In such 

cases, a separate biological assessment/evaluation must be prepared.

Some routine road maintenance projects may occur on low-use Level 2 roads if they are of a 

mobile nature, such as blading or brushing, or if they are of short duration, such as using a 

chainsaw to clear the roadway of fallen trees to gain access. Short duration activities may not 

exceed 15 minutes of use per day within 500 ft. of unsurveyed NSO or MAMU nesting habitat 

during the breeding season. 

Maintenance activities within 500 ft. of a NSO AC or an occupied MAMU site require additional 

consultation with the Level 1 Team.

PROJECT DESIGN FEATURES

Project design features provide project specific implementation direction to reduce unintended 

adverse effects of the project. 

Water Quality 

To reduce the risk of sediment delivery to streams, all applicable Best Management Practices will

be implemented. 

Restoration, decommissioning and upgrading work will occur when stream flow is at a minimum, 

typically during the summer months. Streams will be dewatered where necessary prior to any 
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activity involving heavy equipment. Specific dewatering methods (pipe, pump, etc.) will be 

determined on a site-by-site basis. 

Native or straw mulch will be applied to all disturbed ground prior to seasonal rain or summer 

thunderstorms to minimize surface erosion. 

Decommissioned or restored stream channel sideslopes and channel bottom gradients will be 

designed to blend with the natural channel above and below to minimize potential for unexpected 

channel adjustments.

Large rocks will be placed in the restored stream channels where needed to protect newly created 

sideslopes and reduce the potential for post-treatment channel adjustments. 

Replacement of stream crossings (upgrading) culverts will be designed to accommodate the 100-

year flood event and have no diversion potential.

Wildlife 

No large snags would be felled unless they pose a hazard to public or staff safety. All hazard 

trees would be felled and left on site. 

Northern Spotted Owl (NSO)

Except for specific road segments with a high risk to aquatic resources scheduled for upgrades or 

decommissioning, noise generating activities (use of heavy equipment for maintenance and 

restoration activities) within 500 feet of unsurveyed or occupied suitable northern spotted owl 

nesting habitat will not occur between February 1 and July 9, unless surveys determine the site to 

be unoccupied. 

To minimize impacts to NSO from noise-generating activities on high priority roads, no activities 

will occur between February 1 and July 9 within 500 feet of occupied NSO activity centers (nest 

site) unless surveys determine the birds are non-nesting.

Marbled Murrelet (MAMU) 

Except for activities on high priority roads, noise-generating activities (use of heavy equipment 

for maintenance and restoration activities) within 500 feet of unsurveyed low-quality suitable 

marbled murrelet nesting habitat will not occur between March 24 and August 5. In addition, 

work between August 5 and September 15 will not begin until 2 hours after sunrise and stop 2 

hours before sunset unless surveys determine the site to be unoccupied. 

Except for activities on high priority roads, noise-generating activities within 500 feet of 

unsurveyed high quality suitable MAMU habitat would not occur between March 24 and 

September 15 unless surveys determine the site to be unoccupied.
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To minimize impacts to MAMU from noise-generating activities on high priority roads, no 

activities will occur between March 24 and September 15 within 500 feet of occupied MAMU 

habitat (nest site) unless surveys determine the birds are non-nesting.

Noxious Weeds 

Project design features to prevent the introduction and spread of noxious weeds include the 

cleaning of equipment moving prior to entering a work site and insuring that materials such as 

mulch and gravel imported into the project area are free of noxious weed seeds.

Port Orford-Cedar 

All heavy equipment will be cleaned prior to entry to a work site to reduce the risk of spread of 

Port-Orford-cedar root disease.

Implementation of this project would begin in 2014 and would be completed by the end of 2029, 

depending on available funding and workforce. 

There are no interrelated or interdependent activities that involve this proposed action and 

threatened, endangered, proposed or Forest Service sensitive species. 

This project will contribute to the desired future condition of habitat for all species considered in 

this document by reducing road density across the District which will reduce fragmentation of 

habitat, increase patch size, reduce sedimentation in stream channels, and reduce disturbance and 

direct mortality. In the long term, the project will benefit TES species.

V. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

A. Species Account

The following federally listed or Forest Service Sensitive species are known to or may occur in 

the project area, according to historic records, current sightings and, in some cases, formal 

surveys. In the absence of formal surveys for the remainder of the species considered in this 

document, the following information is supplied to support the determination presented in section 

VII. This is based upon the best available information at this time and the level of likelihood of 

species occupying territories/habitat where they could be affected by the project. See the Six 

Rivers National Forest Species Reference Document (USDA Forest Service, Six Rivers National 

Forest, 2014) for species life history information.

Federally Threatened, Endangered, or Proposed Species 

Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)

 Status: Federally Threatened

The northern spotted owl is associated with mature and older mixed conifer, Douglas-fir forests 

of the Pacific Northwest. The species was listed as Threatened in July 1990 due to the loss of 

older forests throughout the Pacific Northwest as a result of timber harvest (Thomas et al, 1990). 
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Critical Habitat has been designated for the northern spotted owl, and occurs in 3 areas on the 

Smith River NRA, Rowdy Creek (CA-18), Coon (CA-19), and Yurok (CA-46) watershed.

There are an estimated 92,051 acres of suitable spotted owl nesting/roosting (N/R) habitat and 

87,147 acres of potential foraging on the Smith River National Recreation Area. This comprises 

approximately 50% of the total land base of the NRA. Approximately 40,000 acres of what is 

considered N/R habitat for the NSO is in the mid-mature seral stage. Although this seral stage 

meets the size class and canopy cover requirements, it often lacks multi-layered conditions, large 

snags, downed logs, and trees with deformities necessary to meet the habitat needs of this species. 

Therefore the suitable habitat available to NSO and other late-successional species may be less 

than what is estimated here.

In 2010 and 2011 all Six Rivers National Forest NSO known activity centers (AC) were surveyed 

to determine current status of the ACs. Using the information gained, a review was conducted in 

2012 with concurrence of USFWS assessing the validity of the 374 established activity centers on 

the Forest. Valid AC’s were determined based on the criteria presented in the Protocol for 

Surveying Proposed Management Activities that May Impact Northern Spotted Owls (USFWS 

2011). During this review, 208 ACs were considered valid and kept in their original location. A 

further 99 were moved from their original locations. AC locations were moved when the original 

location had been mapped incorrectly; when there were new detections that were higher in the 

hierarchy within AC locations (i.e. new pair location replaced a territorial single location); or in 

the case of habitat disturbance or loss at the site center, AC locations were moved to the nearest 

high quality habitat. Finally 67 ACs were dropped or retired because they either did not meet the 

minimum criteria and should not have been delineated as an AC in the first place or extensive 

habitat loss occurred throughout the AC (e.g. fire). A total of 307 AC’s of varying reproductive 

and occupancy status are now recognized by the Forest.

There are 44 known NSO activity centers in the Smith River NRA. Of these, 34 have been 

confirmed as pairs and 10 as territorial singles (recorded from both historical records and survey 

data). District-wide status surveys occurred on all ACs in 2010 and 2011 and current surveys 

have been conducted in specific project areas. However, no surveys have been conducted 

specifically for this project; therefore all suitable N/R habitat is considered occupied for the 

purposes of this consultation.

The project encompasses the entire Smith River NRA; therefore, the Action Area is 358, 843 

acres. There are 59,527 acres of NSO Critical Habitat designated in the Action Area, 41,027 acres 

of which overlap with the LSRs. 

Project activities will not occur within 500 ft. of any currently known activity centers; however, 

activities may occur within 500 feet of unsurveyed suitable N/R habitat. The project will not 

remove suitable habitat for the NSO.

Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus)

 Status: Federally Threatened
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Marbled murrelets nest on platforms generally created by large diameter branches in large conifer 

trees that are close enough to coastal foraging environments for them to adequately supply their 

young with small marine fish. 

The entire Smith River Basin occurs within Zone 1 for the marbled murrelet as described in the 

FEMAT Report. There are approximately 84,325 acres of potentially suitable murrelet habitat 

within the Smith River National Recreation Area. However, survey results show that key habitat 

areas appear to occur closer to the coast in old-growth (predominantly redwood) forests; 

therefore, the suitable habitat available to MAMU may be less than what is estimated here. The 

State and National Redwoods Parks contain most of this key habitat remaining in the Smith River 

Basin. 

On the SRNRA, multiple birds were seen on multiple days in 1988 at the same Myrtle Creek 

location, during a distribution study at inland California sites conducted by Pacific Southwest 

Range and Experiment Station (Paton and Ralph 1988, Paton and Ralph 1990). Sightings were 

approximately 10 miles (18.5 km) inland. Vegetation in this drainage is predominantly old 

growth Douglas fir and Port Orford cedar. Nearby old-growth redwood stands at Jedediah Smith 

Redwoods State Park had higher activity levels. Surveys in the Myrtle Creek drainage were 

repeated in 1992, 1995, and 1996, with no detections. In 1992, an immature murrelet was found 

on the ground on private property near Panther Flat campground, approximately 15 miles (28 km) 

inland. There was no suitable nesting habitat in the vicinity of the bird, so it is not known where 

it came from (possibly blown off course during the large storm event the previous day). There 

were no other sightings on the SRNRA during survey efforts across the District between 1992 

and 1996. In 1997, multiple sightings of MAMU occurred in old growth Douglas fir and 

redwood forest in the Copper Creek drainage on the western edge of the Smith River NRA. A 

radar study conducted by ABR, Inc. (Blaha and Cooper, 2011) recorded 14 murrelet-like 

detections in 2010 and 17 murrelet-like detections in 2011 on the SRNRA. There were no audiovisual observations to confirm these, however, a suite of characteristics were used to minimize 

contamination of the dataset. These detections occurred in the Rowdy Creek drainage to the north 

and Blue Creek drainage to south. There have been no detections beyond the old growth habitats 

on the western edge of the Forest. However, no surveys have been conducted specifically for this 

project; therefore all suitable nesting habitat is considered occupied for the purposes of this 

consultation.

Marbled Murrelet (MAMU) Critical Habitat was revised in 2009 with a final rule published on 

October 5, 2011 (USDI 2011). Located primarily on Federal land, and to a lesser extent on State, 

county, city and private lands, this final critical habitat rule provides protection requirements 

under section 7 of the Endangered Species Act for federally regulated activities. There are 76,463 

acres of marbled murrelet Critical Habitat within the Action Area. Marbled murrelet Critical 

Habitat is entirely within LSR boundaries.

Project activities will not occur within 500 ft. of any currently known occupied sites; however, 

activities may occur within 500 feet of unsurveyed suitable nesting habitat. The project will not 

remove suitable habitat for the MAMU.
14

Proposed Species

California Wolverine (Gulo gulo luteus)

In North America, wolverines occur within a wide variety of alpine, boreal, and arctic habitats, 

including boreal forests, tundra, and western mountains throughout Alaska and Canada. The 

southern portion of the species’ range extends into the contiguous United States, including highelevation alpine portions of Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, California, and Colorado 

(USFWS 2011). Wolverines do not appear to specialize on specific vegetation or geological 

habitat aspects, but instead select areas that are cold and receive enough winter precipitation to 

reliably maintain deep persistent snow late into the warm season (USFWS 2011). The 

requirement of cold, snowy conditions means that, in the southern portion of the species’ range 

where ambient temperatures are warmest, wolverine distribution is restricted to high elevations, 

while at more northerly latitudes; wolverines are present at lower elevations and even at sea level 

in the far north (USFWS 2011).

Female wolverines use natal dens that are excavated in snow. Consistent snow cover greater than 

5 feet deep appears to be a requirement for natal denning, because it provides security for 

offspring and buffers cold winter temperatures. Deep, persistent, and reliable spring snow cover 

(April 15 to May 14) is the best overall predictor of wolverine occurrence in the contiguous 

United States (USFWS 2011). 

During the winter of 1993, the Six Rivers National Forest, in conjunction with the California 

Department of Fish and Game and the University of California Berkeley, conducted a cooperative 

wolverine study on multiple Forests and ownerships in potential or historic habitat areas using 

baited infrared camera stations. The Six Rivers stations were located in areas with historic 

incidental sightings or in potentially suitable habitat. No wolverines were detected. In 1996 and 

1997 a systematic track plate survey was conducted across the Six Rivers National Forest, also 

with no detections of wolverine. Since that time numerous camera and track plate stations have 

been used across the NRA all without detections of wolverine.

There are no verified records of wolverine on the Forest: however, incidental sightings of 

wolverines have been reported on the NRA. Most of the sightings occurred in the 1970’s and 

80’s. Considering their need for persistent spring snow cover, preference for subalpine and 

alpine habitats or climatic conditions and their aversion to human disturbance, wolverines are 

only likely to occur on the NRA at higher elevation area in the Siskiyou Wilderness.

Candidate Species

Pacific fisher (Martes pennanti pacifica)

In northern California, fishers occupy mid-elevation, multi-storied mature and old-growth 

conifer, mixed conifer and mixed-conifer hardwood forests with contiguous canopy cover. Closed 

canopies (>50%) are typically selected but fishers will use areas of low to moderate canopy cover 

(25-40%) if there is sufficient understory (Lofroth et al. 2010). They do not occur in highelevation alpine or subalpine habitats. 
15

Foraging habitat varies with primary prey species. Since fishers in California prey primarily on 

small to medium-sized mammals (woodrats, squirrels etc.) they will use forests with hardwood 

components which provide mast for prey, structurally complex structures near the forest floor 

(brushy understories) and high abundance of downed, woody debris (Lofroth et al. 2010).

Thompson et al. (2007) determined that based on data from a 1994-1995 soot track plate study, a 

1996-1997 telemetry study, and a 2002-2003 mark-site study, fishers appear to be abundant and 

well distributed across “the managed forests of extreme northwest California”. An exact 

population estimate and distribution for the Forest are still unknown.

Systematic surveys occurred across the Forest in 1999 (Carroll, Zielinski, and Noss 1999) show 

the highest probability of detections centered on the Trinity River, with detection probability 

decreasing the farther north and south you go. 

Survey results in the past indicate that the species occupies roughly 20% of its historical range in 

Washington, Oregon and California (USDI 2010). The population in the southern 

Oregon/northern California region may be the largest remaining in the western states (Zielinski et 

al. 2000, Powell and Zielinski 1994) with population estimates of 4,616 individuals (USDI 2010) 

and is critical to the restoration of fishers elsewhere in California and Oregon (Zielinski, pers. 

com.). 

Fisher occupy similar habitat to that of the NSO. There are approximately 92,051 acres of 

suitable fisher habitat on the NRA. 

Incidental fisher sightings have occurred on the NRA, during all months of the year. Forest 

carnivore surveys (track plates and cameras) have been conducted large areas across the District. 

Fisher have been detected at many of the stations; however, no den sites have been found. The 

project area occurs in and within 500 ft. of suitable fisher habitat. 

 

Forest Service Sensitive Species

Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

 

Nesting habitat is composed of low elevation, open (less than 40% canopy cover), mature/oldgrowth stands near permanent lakes and free-flowing rivers. Platform stick nests are built in large 

trees (greater than 36 inches dbh) with open branches, but some foliage usually shades the nest. 

Nests are located 50-200 feet (16-61 m) above ground, usually below tree crowns. Tree height 

and size appear to be more important than species

There are historical records of bald eagles nesting within the NRA; however, the last known nest 

site was in 1976. There are no known nests in the Smith River NRA, although there have been 

recent nests discovered to the west of the District around Lake Earl. There have been recent 

BAEA sightings on the NRA in late winter and spring. The project may occur within designated 

bald eagle network territory. The projects occur within 0.5 miles of suitable nesting habitat. 
16

Humboldt Marten (Martes americana) 

Marten prefer multi-storied mature and old growth mixed conifer, white fir (Abies concolor), red 

fir (Abies magnifica), and pine (Pinus spp.) forests, with moderate to dense canopy closure 

(greater than 40%). They require nearby small meadows, clearings, or riparian areas for foraging 

habitat. Closed canopy travel ways (especially on ridgetops) are also necessary between foraging 

areas. 

The first verified Humboldt marten in 50 years was detected in 1996 by Zielinski and Golightly 

on the NRA. Since then, survey work has been conducted using track plates, baited photograph 

stations and radio telemetry to determine the size and range of the population. The current 

occupied area is 267 square miles extending from the mouth of Rock Creek on the Smith River in 

the SNRA south to the Bluff Creek watershed on Orleans Ranger District, and east to the 

headwaters of Rock Creek drainage of the Klamath River in Siskiyou County (Slauson et al. 

2009b). This area encompasses lands on the Smith River National Recreation Area, Orleans 

Ranger District, Ukonom Ranger District, Redwood National and State parks, and private timber 

lands. 

Current population estimates by Slauson et al. (2009b) show a decline from 2000-01 surveys 

from approximately 60 individuals to approximately 40 individuals in 2008. These estimates 

were determined using a multi-state occupancy method utilizing detection data from 2000-01 and 

2008 surveys. These surveys did not cover all possible habitat but the population is likely to be 

<100 individuals. No den sites have been found. The project area occurs in and within 500 ft of 

suitable marten habitat. 

Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) 

Goshawks are known to use mature forest habitats for nesting and foraging. Nesting stands are 

typically in dense pockets of large trees, often on north-facing, bench slopes near water. 

Foraging habitats are often more open to allow for the aerial ambush foraging strategy of the 

goshawk. 

Historically, there have been numerous sightings of goshawks on the NRA, with at least three 

reproductive territories known to occur. However, the most recent territory was discovered in 

1992. Comprehensive surveys of nest territories across the entire Forest in 1994 and 1995 

determined that none of the nesting territories, or any of the suitable habitat within a one mile 

radius of the territories, were occupied. Additional surveys have been conducted on 45,000 to 

50,000 acres (project-level surveys) with no detections. The status of the goshawk on the NRA is 

unknown at this time. 

Goshawks occupy similar habitat to that of the NSO. There are approximately 92,051 acres of 

suitable habitat on the NRA. There are no recent sightings of goshawk or any known nest sites in 

the project area. The project area occurs within 500 feet of suitable goshawk habitat. 
17

Townsend's big-eared bat (Corynorthinus townsendii)

The Townsend's big-eared bat occurs in a variety of habitats, and is strongly correlated with the 

availability of caves or cave-like roosting habitat. It has been found from sea level to 8700 ft. 

elevation and occurs in xeric to mesic habitats; although throughout much of its range it occurs in 

mesic habitats characterized by deciduous and coniferous forests. Because of this, it is difficult 

to define measurable habitat variables. The most limiting factor appears to be availability of 

suitable roost sites. 

Little is known on the species abundance and distribution, although potentially suitable roost 

sites exist within the NRA. This species is known to roost in caves, mine shafts and abandoned 

buildings. No surveys have been conducted for this species; however, incidental sightings have 

been recorded. The project occurs within 500 ft of potentially suitable roost sites. 

Fringed Myotis (Myotis thysanodes)

The fringed myotis is rare across its range but may be quite common locally from sea level to 

1,950m (6,400ft). It occurs in a wide range of habitats from desert scrub to high elevation 

coniferous forests (Pierson & Rainey, 1998). It uses open habitats, early successional stages, 

streams, lakes and ponds as foraging areas. They roost in snags, caves, mines, crevices and manmade structures (Zeiner et al. 1990). 

Maternity and overwintering roosts have been most commonly reported in caves, buildings and 

mines. However, tree roosting has been observed in heavily forested environments in the 

northern part of the range (Pierson & Rainey, 1998). 

Like other tree-roosting Myotis species, the fringed myotis switches roosts less than every two 

days on average (Weller & Zabel, 2001) and requires a large number of suitable roost sites in an 

occupied area. Roost choice appears to vary throughout the range of the fringed myotis with 

snags exhibiting greater importance in California, New Mexico and Arizona and a heavy reliance 

on rock crevices in South Dakota, Oregon and Washington (Lacki & Baker, 2007). Weller & 

Zabel (2001) found that fringed myotis prefer large (>30cm dbh) snags in decay class 2 or 3 that 

are the tallest in the stand and have reduced canopy cover (necessary for thermoregulation). This 

is consistent with the few snags reported by Lacki & Baker (2007) who also found that female 

the fringed myotis in arid climates used rock crevices that were 1-4cm wide and located in nonforested areas. It is unclear if the fringed myotis actually prefers rock crevices in these areas or 

if there is a deficient amount of quality snags.

Little is known on the species abundance and distribution, although potentially suitable roost 

sites exist within the NRA. This species is known to roost in caves, mine shafts and abandoned 

buildings. No surveys have been conducted for this species; however, incidental sightings have 

been recorded. 
18

Western Pond Turtle (Clemmys marmorata)

The western pond turtle inhabits fresh or brackish permanent and intermittent water from sea 

level to about 4500 feet (1372 m). Turtles are often concentrated in low gradient and low 

velocity sections of creeks and rivers, especially in sloughs, side channels and backwater areas. 

They prefer creeks that have deep still water and sunny banks. Hatchlings prefer shallow edge 

water areas with minimal current, including vernal pools. Adults prefer deep-water pools with 

lots of underwater debris, presumably for escape cover. Basking structures are important habitat 

elements. Potential basking sites include protruding or floating woody debris, protruding rocks, 

emergent vegetation, overhanging vegetation that touches the water, and banks. Young turtles 

also bask on algae or small surface debris.

The pond turtle has been sighted in the Smith River estuary and Lower Smith River, but there 

have been no sightings anywhere else on the Smith River. There have been no surveys 

conducted specifically for turtles, however, there is little suitable habitat for the species on the 

NRA, due to the geology and geomorphology of the Smith River. The projects occur in potential 

suitable western pond turtle habitat.

Northern Red-legged Frog (Rana aurora aurora)

Red-legged frogs are inhabitants of moist forests and riparian areas usually below 2876 ft. (850 

m) in elevation. They are generally found near permanent bodies of quiet water including small 

ponds, quiet pools along streams, springs, lakes, and marshes. Red-legged frogs are found in 

ponds and intermittent and permanent streams with slow or still water. Intermittent streams must 

retain surface water pools year-round in order for the frogs to survive. Deep pools are necessary 

for many aspects of the red-legged frog’s life cycle

Northern red-legged frogs have not been recorded beyond the western edge of the Forest. There 

is potential red-legged frog habitat within the project area.

Yellow-legged Frog (Rana bolyii)

Foothill yellow-legged frogs preferred aquatic habitats are relatively slow to moderately moving 

water or pools. Breeding habitats occur in shallow, slow flowing water with at least some pebble 

and cobble substrate. Pebble/cobble river bars along both riffles and pools, with at least some 

shading, seems to be preferred by sub-adults and adults. 

Foothill yellow-legged frogs are relatively common in the Smith River Drainage. The project 

occurs in YLFR habitat.

Southern Torrent Salamander (Rhyacotriton variegatus)

This species is associated with seeps, small streams, and waterfalls in wet or mesic coastal 

forested habitats. Changes to forest canopied and the hydrology of seeps and streams can affect 

southern torrent salamanders. 
19

No surveys have been completed for this species; however they are known to occur on the 

District. Habitat for this species may be present in the project areas. 

Mardon Skipper (Polites mardon)

The mardon skipper inhabits early seral stage open grasslands that are dominated by shortstatured grasses or sedges and forbs and are generally free of overstory trees and shrubs. Areas 

as small as 0.5 acres will support small populations of mardon skippers but most areas consist of 

mixed forest-grassland complexes with some connectivity between habitat patches for dispersal 

and movement of individuals. In northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, mardon 

skipper is found in small meadows (0.5-5 acres) dominated by Idaho fescue in sparse Jeffrey 

pine forests. Sites are 7-15 miles inland from the Pacific coast and range in elevation from 

1,500-3,000ft. These sites are associated with serpentine based soils and are within the fog belt 

(USDI 2012).

The mardon skipper was petitioned for listing in 2002 and placed on the candidate list as 

“warranted but precluded” (evaluation delayed due to limited funding that was dedicated to 

court-ordered or higher priority listings). On September 4, 2012, the USFWS released a 12-

month finding which determined that listing was not warranted at this time. An increased survey 

effort from 2003-2011 found an additional 165 sites which was a dramatic increase from the 14 

documented sites in the 2002 petition. 

There are two main population sites on the NRA, each containing multiple meadows. One of the 

sites is believed to be the largest population in California based on a one day count of 204 

individuals in 2008 (Black & Mazzacano, 2010). Monitoring at these sites over the last 5 years 

indicate that populations at the sites on the NRA appear to be stable.

Western Bumblebee (Bombus occidentalis)

Western bumble bees require open meadows with rich supplies of floral resources with 

continuous blooming from spring to autumn. Western bumble bees have been observed taking 

nectar from a variety of flowering plants.

Historically the western bumble bee ranged from central California north to Alaska, east through 

Alberta and western South Dakota and southward into Arizona and New Mexico. Surveys in 

2007 found isolated populations in northern Arizona, Utah, Nevada and northern California. The 

species has declined dramatically in the west (Washington, Oregon, California, British Columbia 

and Alaska) since the mid-1990s with most areas seeing a complete absence of the species from 

2002-2007. Although the general distribution trend is steeply downward, especially in the west 

coast states, some isolated populations in Oregon and the Rocky Mountains appear stable (Rao et 

al. 2011, Koch and Williams 2012). The overall status of populations in the west is largely 

dependent on geographic region: populations west of the Cascade and Sierra Nevada mountains 

are experiencing dire circumstances with steeply declining numbers, while those to the east of 

this dividing line are more secure with relatively unchanged population sizes. The reasons for 

these differences are not known. 
20

Probable causes for the population decline include the spread of Nosema bombi and other 

diseases from B. occidentalis and B. impatiens colonies that were raised in Europe and then 

shipped back to the U.S. and used commercially, loss of genetic diversity, livestock grazing, 

urban development, habitat fragmentation, habitat encroachment due to fire suppression and 

pesticide use (Thorp et al, 2008). 

There is little information regarding the western bumble bee on the Forest. There are currently 

no detections recorded for the Forest. The nearest confirmed detections were of two workers in 

1997 in the Marbled Mountain Wilderness on Klamath National Forest. 

B. Habitat Status

Road upgrading or decommissioning will occur across the District. The proposed project occurs 

in and within 500 feet of suitable NSO and MAMU habitat. The project occurs in and within 

LSRs, Riparian Reserves, and NSO and MAMU Critical Habitat. The proposed projects occur in 

Zone 1, and are within 30 miles of the coast. The project occurs in and within 500 ft. of Forest 

Service Sensitive Species habitat.

VI. EFFECTS OF THE PROPOSED ACTION

Habitat Effects

NSO and MAMU

Alternative 6 will reduce overall OML 1 and 2 roads and unauthorized route miles on the NRA 

by 36% (Table 1). Road density will be reduced from 1.59 mi/mi2to 1.32 mi/mi2across the 

District, varying from 0.67 mi/mi2 to 2.02 mi/mi2 depending on the 5th field watershed (Table 

2). 

Three routes (0.16 mi total) will be added to the NFTS within late-successional habitat that 

would be potentially suitable nesting habitat for NSO and MAMU. These 3 sites are popular 

dispersed camping sites that have been in use for many years. No additional habitat will be 

removed or degraded.

No new road construction or reconstruction will occur as part of this project; therefore, no NSO 

or MAMU habitat will be removed or degraded. In the long term, the RMTM Project will have 

beneficial effects for NSO and MAMU because road miles across the District will be reduced by 

approximately 36% (approximately 155 miles), which will reduce habitat fragmentation and 

disturbance from continued road use.

In cases of culvert removal during decommissioning, the fill at the site needs to be removed and 

the stream crossing recontoured. Culvert removal may require minor amounts of vegetation 

removal (usually 1/10 acre or less) of brush and smaller diameter trees (saplings up to 11” dbh). 

No large diameter or predominant trees will be removed. Minor vegetation removal at culvert 

removal sites may degrade suitable habitat for NSO or MAMU by removing brush and small 
21

diameter trees; however the removal will be negligible in any one area. Approximately 170

culverts will be removed across the District under Alternative 6, with a total of 17 acres of 

vegetation removed. This overestimates the amount of vegetation to be removed in that not all

culverts sites have been brushed in, the roads may occur in naturally open areas, or the amount of 

vegetation to be removed is less than 1/10 of an acre. It is also unlikely that all culvert sites 

occur in suitable habitat for NSO or MAMU, therefore 17 acres of suitable habitat degraded is 

also an overestimate.

Table 1 Changes to NFTS and effects to NSO and MAMU

Indicator Alternative 6

Miles/number of routes of UAR added in late 

successional habitat

0.16 mi (3 

routes)

Miles of UAR added in within 0.25 mile of known 

NSO AC or MAMU occupied site

0

Miles/number of routes of UAR added in 

LSR/MAMU Critical Habitat**

1.93 mi (8 

routes)

Miles /number of routes of UAR added in NSO 

Critical Habitat

1.92 mi (5 

routes)

Miles /number of system roads and UAR 

decommissioned/restored in Late Successional 

Reserves and MAMU Critical Habitat 

60.13 mi (112 

routes)

Miles/number of system roads and UAR 

decommissioned/restored in NSO Critical Habitat

52.1 mi (97 

routes)

Miles/number of system roads and UAR 

decommissioned/restored in NSO territories

80.39 mi (157 

routes)

Total percent restored/decommissioned 36%

Table 2. Road density by 5th field watershed of the Smith River basin

5th Field Watershed Current 

Road 

Density 

(mi/mi2)

Alternative 6 Road 

Density (mi/mi2)

Lower Smith River 0.97 0.73

Middle Fork Smith River 2.46 2.02

North Fork Smith River 0.81 0.67

South Fork Smith River 1.93 1.64
22

Critical Habitat

Unauthorized routes are proposed to be added to the system within LSR/MAMU CHU (8 routes 

for a total of 1.93 miles) and NSO Critical Habitat (5 route for 1.92 miles). None of the roads to 

be added to the system occur in suitable nesting habitat for the MAMU or NSO. 

There are 112 roads/routes (60.13 miles) to be decommissioned in MAMU CHU, with some 

roads to be removed in each MAMU CHU on the District. It is possible that some 11“dbh 

saplings could be removed at culvert removal sites, and that they could be 1⁄2 site potential tree 

height. If all culvert sites in MAMU CHU occurred in suitable nesting habitat and had trees up 

to 11” dbh removed, which is unlikely, less than 17 acres (one-tenth acres per site) of MAMU 

CHU would be degraded across the District. Habitat removal at culvert sites would be 

negligible. The project will not change the function of nesting habitat in the CHU.

There are 97 roads/routes (52.7 miles) to be decommissioned in NSO CHU, with some roads to 

be removed in each NSO CHU on the District. Due to the young age of the vegetation to be 

removed culvert sites, it is possible that NSO CHU dispersal habitat could be degraded by the 

removal of 11” dbh saplings. If all culvert sites in NSO CHU removed saplings up to 11” dbh, 

less than of less than 17 acres (one-tenth acres per site) NSO CHU dispersal habitat would be 

degraded. Habitat removal at culvert sites would be negligible. The project will not change the 

function of dispersal habitat in the CHU.

Disturbance

No unauthorized routes will be added within 0.25 miles of known NSO AC or MAMU occupied 

site. Approximately 157 roads/routes (80.39 miles) will be removed (decommissioned or 

restored) from within known NSO territories. There are no NFTS roads or UARs within 0.25 

miles of an occupied MAMU site; although two NFTS roads that access the occupied Rowdy 

Creek watershed are being downgraded to OML1 (closed year round) or decommissioned. 

The UARs to be added to the system are open and drivable and in use for decades. Although the 

roads are technically not part of the NFTS they are not physically barricaded, and continued to 

be used. There will be no increase in the level of noise disturbance within the vicinity of these 

routes over current conditions. Most of the routes to be added do not occur in nesting/roosting or 

foraging habitat for the NSO or nesting habitat for the MAMU.

There are 76 roads that have a high risk to aquatic resources where work will occur during the 

breeding season of the NSO and MAMU. Work on these roads will include decommissioning 

and upgrading (stormproofing). Upgrading involves replacement of culverts to withstand larger 

flood events, and correcting other road drainage issues. Delaying the work until after the 

breeding season would mean that the work would require multiple years of work, which greatly 

increases the cost of the work as well as increasing risk to aquatic resources. Therefore no LOP 

will be imposed on activities proposed for these 76 roads except at occupied NSO activity 

centers or occupied MAMU habitat (see Project Design Features above). Not all the roads or all 
23

segments of each road are within 500 ft. of suitable habitat for these species. Several roads are 

within the 199 corridor, and have high ambient noise levels. Others occur in unsuitable habitat. 

Implementation of the project during the breeding season will cause disturbance in 2842 acres of 

unsurveyed habitat for the NSO and 2338 acres for the MAMU. Since these roads represent a 

high risk to aquatic resources, it is expected that the needed work will be accomplished within 

the first 5 years of the project. It is expected that the project will result in 568 acres of take per 

year for the NSO and 468 per year for the MAMU until the project is completed.

For the most part, routine road maintenance activities will occur on roads that receive a regular 

amount of everyday traffic, which results in a higher level of normal background noise. It is 

assumed that birds and mammals nesting or denning near frequently used Forest roads are 

habituated to the noise generated by those roads. The routine road maintenance projects described 

in Appendix C of this document entail the use of machinery such as graders, dump trucks, rollers 

backhoes, and bucket loaders, all of which generate a certain amount of noise through their use. 

However, the roads on which these machines will be used are designed for and regularly receive a 

substantial amount of traffic. The mobile nature of most of the road maintenance activities, and 

the short duration of the non-mobile activities are not expected to generate a higher level of noise 

than that generated by the average daily use of these roads. 

Routine road maintenance projects may occur on low-use Level 2 roads may only occur under this 

document if they are of a mobile nature, such as blading or brushing, or if they meet the definition 

of "short duration" (15 minutes within 500 ft. of any individual area of unsurveyed NSO or 

MAMU nesting habitat). Long duration stationary road maintenance projects would exceed 

normal background noise levels thereby creating noise disturbance, and could not be tiered to this 

document.

Wolverine

The US Fish and Wildlife Service (2011) found that it is unlikely that wolverines occur in this 

portion of California. There are no verified sightings anywhere on the District and habitat 

suitable to support wolverine is limited to wilderness areas. The RTMT project will have no 

effect on the wolverine.

Forest Service Sensitive (FSS) Species

No new road construction or reconstruction will occur as part of this project; therefore, no habitat 

will be removed for any FSS species. In the long term, the RTMT Project will have beneficial 

effects for FSS species because road densities across the District will be reduced by 36% 

(approximately 155 miles), which will reduce habitat fragmentation, disturbance from continued 

road use, and direct mortality (road kill).

In cases of culvert removal during decommissioning, the fill at the site needs to be removed and 

the stream crossing recontoured. Culvert removal may require minor amounts of vegetation 

removal (usually 1/10 acre or less) of brush and smaller diameter trees (saplings up to 11” dbh). 

No large diameter or predominant trees will be removed. Minor vegetation removal at culvert 

removal sites may degrade suitable habitat for FSS species by removing brush and small 

diameter trees; however the removal will be negligible in any one area. Approximately 170
24

culverts will be removed across the District, with a total of 17 acres of vegetation removed. This 

may be overestimating the amount of vegetation to be removed in that not all culverts sites have 

been brushed in, the roads may occur in naturally open areas, or the amount of vegetation to be 

removed is less than 1/10 of an acre. It is also unlikely that all culvert sites occur in suitable 

habitat for FSS species; therefore 17 acres of suitable habitat degraded is also an overestimate.

Culvert removal/replacement activities could directly affect FSS aquatic species such as the 

yellow legged frog and southern torrent salamander during project implementation and noise 

disturbance may impact species such as the fisher, goshawk and marten during the breeding 

season. However, reducing road density across the District will reduce fragmentation of habitat, 

increase patch size, reduce sedimentation in stream channels, and reduce disturbance and direct 

mortality. In the long term, the project will benefit FSS species.

Cumulative Effects

Cumulative effects are those effects of future State or private activities, not involving Federal 

activities, which are reasonably certain to occur within the action area of the Federal action 

subject to consultation. 

A review of CalFire site (December 04, 2013) found no proposed timber harvest plans (THP) on 

private land within the action area.

This project is a long-term project (15 years), and it is expected that other activities will occur on 

state, federal, and private land that will have cumulative effects on TES species. Forest, County, 

and state road maintenance activities will continue, and may have negative impacts on aquatic 

resources. Vegetation management activities on the District and private land may cause negative 

impacts to TES species and their habitats. Recovery on private land is expected to be slower (or 

non-existent) than on federal land because of continued development and loss of habitats.

The trend for wildlife habitats on the NRA is towards recovery. Since the 1990 NRA Act, 

timber harvest on the NRA has been limited and geared towards habitat restoration (thinning in 

younger stands). Fuel treatments have been developed to help restore natural fire regimes and to 

protect existing habitats. Since the NRA Act in 1990, 884 acres have been thinned using 

silvicultural prescriptions designed to accelerate the development of late-successional habitat 

characteristics and 1,966 acres have had fuels reduction treatments completed to restore habitat 

through the reintroduction of fire and to protect existing late-successional habitat from standreplacing fire. The Big Flat Vegetation Management and Fuels Reduction Project is currently 

being implemented and will improve habitat conditions on 1084 acres and protect existing 

habitat through fuels reduction on 735 acres. The Gordon Hill Vegetation Management and 

Fuels Reduction Project is currently in the planning stage, and proposes to improve habitat 

conditions on 1515 acres and protect existing habitat through fuels reduction on 1273 acres. 

Accelerating the development of late-successional characteristics, and protecting existing habitat, 

will move the area toward the historic range of variability of seral stages and reduce 

fragmentation of habitat, improving habitat conditions for TES species. 
25

Since the signing of the Six Rivers LRMP in 1995, 51.6 miles of road have been 

decommissioned or downgraded to OML 1 on the NRA. Alternative 6 of the Smith River RMT 

project will remove 155 miles of road/routes and reduce road density across the NRA. Shortterm negative impacts could occur from the use of heavy equipment (noise disturbance) while 

decommissioning or upgrading roads. However, reducing road density across the District will 

reduce fragmentation of habitat, increase patch size, and reduce disturbance and direct mortality. 

In the long term, the project will benefit TES species.

Regarding all the past impacts from land uses (mining, timber harvest, road constructions) on FS 

land, the proposed action will reduce the current effects from old failing roads, and will 

accelerate the recovery rate of disturbed areas and facilitate restoration by reducing road density 

across the District. The beneficial cumulative effects include the reduction of habitat 

fragmentation and reducing road-related disturbance and mortality for TES species.

VII. DETERMINATION

Based upon the size, nature, and duration of this proposed action, it is the determination of the 

wildlife biologist that this project may affect and is likely to adversely affect the northern 

spotted owl and marbled murrelet due to implementation of the project within 500 feet of 

suitable habitat during the breeding season. The project will create disturbance within 500 ft. of 

2842 acres of unsurveyed suitable NSO habitat and 2338 acres of suitable MAMU habitat. The 

project will have short term adverse effects but long-term beneficial effects for NSO and MAMU

through the reduction of road density. The Forest will report the actual acreage affected for each 

species every year until the work on these high risk roads is completed.

Minor vegetation removal at culvert removal sites (less than 1/10 acre) may degrade suitable 

habitat for NSO or MAMU by removing brush and small diameter trees; however the removal 

will be negligible in any one area. Approximately 170 culverts will be removed across the 

District under Alternative 6, with a total of 17 acres of vegetation removed. It is unlikely that all 

culvert sites occur in suitable habitat for NSO or MAMU, therefore 17 acres of suitable or 

Critical habitat degraded is an overestimate.

The project may affect but is not likely to adversely affect NSO CHU through the degradation 

of less than 17 acres of dispersal habitat.

The project may affect but is not likely to adversely affect MAMU CHU through the 

degradation of less than 17 acres of trees that could be 1⁄2 site potential nest tree height within

CHU.

The proposed action will have no effect on the wolverine.

Although the Six Rivers Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP) requires an analysis at 

the 0.7 mile scale, it is only required for formal consultations involving habitat manipulations. is 

a federal candidate species (as well as a Forest Service Sensitive Species), currently being 

considered for listing under the ESA. Implementation of this project may impact individual 

fisher from project implementation during the breeding season, but will not appreciatively 
26

diminish the recovery options for this species on the Six Rivers National Forest. The project will 

have long-term beneficial effects for the fisher through the reduction of road density.

The proposed action may impact individuals, but will not cause a trend towards Federal listing 

for any FSS species. The project will have long-term beneficial effects for FSS species.

VIII. MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

There are no management recommendations for this project

IX. LITERATURE CITED

See the Forest-wide Reference Document (2014), Six Rivers National Forest. 

X. CONTRIBUTORS

Mike McCain, Fisheries Biologist, Smith River National Recreation Area
27

Appendix A 

Definition of Operational Maintenance Level (OML)

Roads are maintained at operational maintenance levels depending on identified management 

needs (FSH 7709.58). All Forest roads are categorized into one of five maintenance levels as 

described below. 

National Forest System Roads are those forest roads under the jurisdiction of the USFS that are 

constructed to specific standards depending on the needs identified for the road. Roads will be 

maintained and available for use at maintenance levels commensurate with the identified 

management needs.

Maintenance Level 1 

This level is assigned to roads that are closed to vehicular traffic for a period of greater than one 

year but still exist on the forest transportation system for potential future use. Custodial 

maintenance is done to provide the basic care needed to protect the road investment and 

minimize damage to adjacent land and resources. 

Maintenance Level 2

This level is assigned to roads that will be open for use by high clearance vehicles. Passenger car 

traffic is not a consideration. Traffic volumes are usually minor. Provides the basic custodial care 

described above and keeps roadway clear for safe passage. 

Maintenance Level 3 

This level is assigned to roads that will be open and maintained for safe travel by a prudent 

driver in a passenger car. User comfort and convenience is not considered a priority. Roads at 

this maintenance level are normally characterized as low speed, single lane with turnouts. The 

SRNF considers the functional classification of these roads is normally a collector (has lower 

level roads branching off from it).

Maintenance Level 4

This level is assigned to roads that will provide a moderate degree of user comfort and 

convenience at moderate travel speeds. Some roads may be single lane and some may be 

paved/and or dust abated. The SRNF considers the functional classification of these roads is 

normally collector or minor arterial (has one or more collectors branching off from it). 

Maintenance Level 5

This level is assigned to roads that will provide a high degree of user comfort and convenience. 

These roads are normally double-lane, paved facilities. Some may be aggregate-surfaced and 

dust-abated. 
28

Appendix A: Proposed Action 

Table

Appendix B

Proposed Action Table: * marks the roads with a high risk to aquatic resources ** marks those 

within 500 ft. of NSO and MAMU nesting habitat

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

199.102 0.13 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML2. 

Administrative 

access only to 

water system for 

campground.

2 T17NR3E

199.103

0.10 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 3, 

Madrona 

Campground

3 x T17NR3E

199.104 0.11 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 3, 

Madrona 

Campground

3 x T17NR3E

199.105 0.03 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 3, 

Darlingtonia Trail 

head access

3 x T17NR2E

199.106 0.18 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 3, 

Eighteen-mile 

river access site

3 x T17NR2E

199.109** 0.10 UAR

Barricade to 

allow parking at 

turnout and 

hiking access to 

river. 

Restore T17NR1E

199.111 0.09 UAR

Add to road 

system. Add 

road to creek as 

OML 2. Barricade 

at creek to 

provide nonmotorized 

access.

2 x T17NR1E

305.100 0.57 UAR

Barricade 

through boulder 

placement.

Restore T18NR1E

305.101 1.08 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

305.101A 0.04 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

305.101B 0.50 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

305.102 0.15 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

305.103 0.14 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

305.104 0.14 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

305.105 0.22 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x T18NR1E
29

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

305.106 0.21 UAR Barricade. Restore T19NR1E

305.108 0.06 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR2E

305.109 2.43 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Install drains and 

gravel at wet 

areas to keep 

vehicles on the 

roadway (near 

mp 1.00 & 1.5). 

Improve surface 

drainage, place 

boulders 

strategically, 

increase 

enforcement. 

M. Trail x x x x T18NR2E

305.109A 1.02 UAR Barricade. Restore x T18NR2E

305.111 0.13 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR2E

305.113 0.12 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR2E

305.114 0.63 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

305.115 1.74 UAR

Outslope or

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

305.115A 0.18 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

305.118 0.80 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail. 

Delineate Route, 

POC mitigation -

seasonal closure 

at beginning of 

route. Gate midOctober through 

early June; need 

culvert at POC 

site, barricade 

end of route. 

M. Trail x x x x T18NR1E

305.118 0.76 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed.

Restore T18NR1E

305.121 0.63 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

305.121A 0.28 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

305.121B 1.03 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T18NR1E
30

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

305.123 0.63 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

305.124* 1.20 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Restore T17NR1E

305.125 1.44 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route. 

M. Trail x x T18NR1E

305.126 1.56 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

305.128 0.69 UAR

Barricade 

through boulder 

placement.

Restore T18NR1E

305.129 0.27 UAR

Barricade 

through boulder 

placement.

Restore T18NR1E

305.131 0.09 UAR

Barricade 

through boulder 

placement.

Restore T18NR1E

314.1* 1.21 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail. 

POC mitigation -

Barricade at mp 

1.21

M. Trail x T17NR2E

314.107 0.26 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2; 

Delineate route. 

Three Ponds 

camping area. 

POC mitigation -

Gravel near POC.

2 x x x T18NR3E

315.100 1.68 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

315.102 0.48 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

315.106 0.25 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

315.107 0.30 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

315.108 0.46 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x T18NR3E

315.2 0.51 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed. 

Remove culverts 

at mp 0.07 0.13 

and 0.18 to 

improve 

drainage. 

Restore T18NR3E

315.3 0.98 UAR

Remove all 

culverts. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR3E

315.3A 0.24 UAR Remove all 

culverts. Restore T18NR3E
31

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

Outslope as 

needed.

315.9A 1.22 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed. 

Restore T18NR3E

316.1 0.26 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2 

administrative 

use only; add 

rolling dips. POC 

mitigation -

Gravel near POC.

2 x x T17NR3E

324.100 0.13 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR4E

405.10 0.74 UAR

Add driveable 

portion to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail. 

Delineate route. 

Route 

delineation at 

.36mp.

M. Trail x x T16NR2E

405.100 0.11 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR3E

405.101 0.17 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR3E

405.103 3.47 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail. 

Improve surface 

drainage near 

creek; repair 

culvert.

M. Trail x x T16NR2E

405.9 0.05 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR3E

411.101 0.30 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

411.102 0.17 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

427.101 0.15 UAR Add to road 

system. OML 1. 1 T15NR2E

427.103 0.32 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2. 

Delineate Route.

2 x x T16NR1E

427.105 0.29 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2, 

County disposal 

site; may be 

gated 

periodically for 

administrative 

purposes.

2 T16NR1E

427.106 0.13 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

install rolling 

dips to improve 

M. Trail x T15NR2E
32

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

drainage.

13N13 0.60 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culvert and 

associated fill. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T13NR3E

13N26 2.31 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage. 

POC Mitigation -

Seasonal Closure 

- Gate at 

beginning of 

road.

2 x x T13NR3E

13N26D.100 0.25 UAR Barricade. Restore T13NR3E

13N27A.1 0.25 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2; 

Delineate route.

2 x T13NR3E

13N34 2.49 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage.

2 x T13NR3E

13N34A 0.72 1

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert and 

improve surface 

drainage. 

Upgrade to OML 

2.

2 x T13NR3E

13N34B 0.08 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culvert and 

associated fill. 

Barricade.

Deco T13NR3E

13N35.1 0.25 UAR Barricade. Restore T13NR3E

13N35.5 0.14 UAR Barricade. Restore T13NR3E

13N35K 0.10 2

Remove from 

System. Deco T14NR3E

13N37 2.00 2

Remove all 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars/rolling 

dips as needed 

and barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T13NR3E

13N37.1 0.11 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E
33

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

13N37A 0.77 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill as 

needed. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T13NR3E

13N37B 0.27 2

Remove from

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill as 

needed. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T13NR3E

13N41 4.30 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage.

2 x T13NR2E

13N41.100 0.10 UAR Barricade. Restore T13NR2E

13N41.101 0.08 UAR Barricade. Restore T13NR2E

13N42 1.61 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage. 

2 x T13NR3E

13N42.100 0.08 UAR Barricade. Restore T13NR3E

13N42A 0.70 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T13NR3E

13N44 5.90 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage.

2 x T13NR3E

13N44.100 0.26 UAR Add to road 

system. OML 2 2 x T13NR3E

13N44.101 0.39 UAR Barricade. Restore T13NR3E

13N44D 1.13 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage.

2 x T13NR3E

14N01.1 0.17 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E

14N01B 0.50 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

Deco T14NR3E
34

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

needed and 

barricade.

14N01D** 1.80 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage.

2 x T13NR2E

14N01G 1.60 1

Remove all 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

1 x T14NR3E

14N08T 0.11 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

all culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Deco T14NR3E

14N10 0.50 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

all culverts and 

associated fill. 

Barricade.

Deco T13NR3E

14N15 0.50 2

Maintain, repair, 

or replace each 

culvert; improve 

surface drainage. 

2 x T13NR2E

14N15.1 3.80 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2. 

Replace culverts 

and repair road 

surface. POC 

mitigation -

gravel near POC.

2 x x x T13NR2E

14N29A 0.80 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

all culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Deco T13NR3E

14N32.1 0.26 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E

14N33 1.60 2

Remove from 

system. Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope and 

barricade.

Deco T14NR3E

14N33.1 0.09 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E
35

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

14N33.2 0.07 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E

14N33.3** 0.52 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels as on 

14N33. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T14NR3E

14N33A 0.22 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

all culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Deco T14NR3E

14N38 0.60 2

Improve surface 

drainage and 

maintain as OML 

2. Seasonal 

closure to 

protect POC. 

Gate midOctober through 

early June.

2 x x T14NR3E

14N46 2.70 1

Remove 2 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T14NR3E

14N46.1 0.08 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E

14N46.2 0.13 UAR Outslope and 

barricade. Restore T14NR3E

14N46B 0.37 1

Remove from 

System; 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T14NR3E

15N01.102 0.48 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2. 

POC mitigation -

Gravel at low 

point near mp 

0.14

2 x T15NR3E

15N01.2 0.14 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E

15N01.3 0.15 UAR Add to road 

system. OML 2 2 T14NR3E

15N01.4 0.35 UAR

Remove all 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

Restore T14NR3E
36

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

needed and 

barricade. 

15N01A.1 0.10 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR2E

15N01A.2 0.05 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR2E

15N01A.4 3.84 UAR

Replace culverts 

and repair road 

surface. Manage 

as OML1.

1 x T15NR2E

15N01P 0.12 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

all culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Deco T14NR3E

15N01R 0.10 1

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

1 x x T14NR3E

15N01S 0.10 1

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

1 x x T14NR3E

15N01U 0.70 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

all culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Deco T14NR3E

15N01U.1 0.58 UAR Barricade. Restore T14NR3E

15N01-x.100 0.13 UAR Add to road 

system. OML 2 2 T14NR3E

15N02** 11.10 2

Replace 3 

priority culverts. 2 x T15NR2E

15N02.101 0.80 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail. 

POC mitigation -

Barricade at mp 

0.8

M. Trail x x T15NR2E

15N02.103 0.58 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail x T15NR2E

15N02.104 1.14 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail x T15NR2E

15N02.106 0.48 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail.

M. Trail x T15NR2E

15N02.107 0.42 UAR Add to trail 

system. 

M. Trail x T15NR2E
37

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

Motorized trail

15N02.2 0.24 UAR Barricade Restore T15NR2E

15N02.4 0.49 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail T15NR2E

15N02.5 0.90 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T15NR2E

15N11.2 0.32 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR2E

15N11A** 1.70 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR2E

15N11A.1** 0.25 UAR

Remove all 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T15NR2E

15N11B 1.39 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR2E

15N13** 3.80 2

Improve 

maintenance or 

repair/replace all 

culverts and 

drainage 

structures as 

needed. Manage 

as OML 2. 

2 x T14NR2E

15N33 0.90 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

15N35A 0.24 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

Deco T15NR3E
38

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

15N35B 0.57 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

15N35C 0.57 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

15N36.1** 0.62 UAR

Remove 3 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T15NR3E

15N36C 0.55 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

15N36N** 1.30 2

Keep first 1.3 

miles; Maintain, 

repair, or replace 

each culvert. 

Improve surface 

drainage with 

outsloping and 

rolling dips as 

needed. 

2 x T15NR3E

15N36N 1.30 2

Decommision 

from 1.3 to 2.6 Deco T15NR3E

15N36N.1 0.90 UAR

Add to road 

system as OML 

2. Access to 

Blackhawk Bar. 

Keep; Maintain, 

repair, or replace 

each culvert. 

Improve surface 

2 x x T15NR3E
39

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

drainage with 

outsloping and 

rolling dips as 

needed. 

Rock/gravel.

15N38 2.90 2

Improve surface 

drainage and 

install culvert at 

stream ford on 

road near private 

land.

2 x T15NR3E

15N39A 1.20 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

15N39A.1 0.18 UAR Barricade Restore T15NR3E

15N39B 0.50 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

15N42 1.06 2

Remove all 3 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T15NR3E

15N42A 0.44 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

15N45 1.13 1

Excavate culverts 

and associated 

fill. Outslope 

roadbed and 

barricade. 

1 x x T15NR3E

15N45.100 0.22 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E

15N45.101 0.12 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E
40

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

15N63 0.30 1

Upgrade to OML 

2. 2 T15NR3E

16N02.1 0.10 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2; 

Bear Basin water 

source

2 T16NR4E

16N02.2 0.87 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR4E

16N02.5 0.21 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR4E

16N02D 0.61 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR4E

16N02H 0.40 1

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed. 

1 x T15NR3E

16N02L** 1.70 2

Upsize culverts, 

install waterbars 

or rolling dips.

2 x T16NR4E

16N02S 1.20 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill as 

needed. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

16N02S.1 0.21 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E

16N02T 0.50 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill as 

needed. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

16N02T.1 0.12 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E

16N03.100 0.10 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E

16N03.2** 0.87 UAR

Remove 3 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T15NR3E

16N03D 0.63 1

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

1 x x T16NR3E
41

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

barricade.

16N03F 0.70 2

Remove all 4 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T16NR3E

16N03G 0.08 1

Remove from 

System; 

Outslope landing 

as needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

16N03H 0.30 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR3E

16N03K** 1.50 2

Repair culverts 

at mp 1.08 and 

1.14. 

2 x T16NR3E

16N03L 0.20 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill as 

needed. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR3E

16N10.1 0.14 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR4E

16N15A 0.17 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

16N16** 1.50 2

Repair or replace 

plugged culverts. 2 x T16NR4E

16N16 0.60 2

Remove all 4 

culverts and 

associated fill 

and outslope 

and barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T16NR4E

16N18.1 1.04 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E
42

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

16N18.3 0.49 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E

16N18.4 0.67 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR3E

16N18A** 1.35 2

Repair or replace 

8 culverts on 

section up to MP 

1.35 at bridge. 

2 x T15NR4E

16N18A** 0.95 2

Remove 5 

culverts; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR4E

16N18B.1 0.66 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR4E

16N18C 0.39 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR4E

16N18E** 0.96 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR4E

16N18K 1.10 1

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed. 

1 x T15NR3E

16N19** 8.28 2

Improve 

maintenance on, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 17 

culverts.

2 x T16NR2E

16N19.1 0.05 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2; 

water source; 

POC mitigation -

Gravel length of 

road.

2 x T16NR2E

16N19.2** 0.08 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR2E

16N19.3 0.30 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

16N19.4 0.87 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E
43

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

16N19.5** 0.19 UAR

Remove fill from 

culvert. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR2E

16N19A 0.23 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

16N19B 1.40 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T16NR2E

16N19E 0.95 2

Remove all 7 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T16NR2E

16N19E.1 0.41 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

16N19F** 0.76 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

16N19G 0.23 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

16N21.1 0.15 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR2E

16N21.2 0.10 UAR Barricade. Restore T15NR2E

16N21F.1 0.09 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

16N23** 7.40 2

Improve road 

drainage at all 2 x T15NR2E
44

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

culverts. 

16N23.100 0.64 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail x T15NR2E

16N23.2 0.22 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail x T15NR2E

16N23.4 0.69 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail x T15NR2E

16N23A.1 1.90 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail x T15NR2E

16N24A 0.65 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T15NR3E

16N27 0.50 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR4E

16N30 0.24 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR3E

16N31A.1 0.22 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR3E

16N31B.2 0.13 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR3E

16N32** 3.94 2

Improve 

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 16 

culverts.

2 x T16NR3E

16N32A 0.08 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels . 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR4E
45

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

16N32C** 0.47 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR3E

16N33** 0.70 2

Downgrade to 

OML 1. 1 T16NR3E

16N34** 0.90 2

Add culvert at 

mp .34. Remove 

last culvert at mp 

.9 switchback.

2 x T16NR2E

16N34A 0.50 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T16NR2E

16N35A 0.14 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR3E

16N35C 0.12 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR3E

16N36 1.20 2

Improve 

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 

culverts.

2 x T16NR2E

16N36.1 0.11 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR1E

16N36B** 0.80 2

Clean blocked 

culverts and 

install 2 

additional 

culverts.

2 x T16NR2E

16N37** 1.20 2

Improve 

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 6 

culverts.

2 x T16NR2E
46

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

16N37B 0.17 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

16N39A 0.22 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR4E

16N41** 1.43 2

Replace culvert 

at mp .56. 2 x T16NR2E

16N41A 0.17 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

16N41B 0.09 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

16N55 0.50 1

Upgrade to OML 

2

2 T16NR3E

16N55.1 0.16 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR3E

17N01.1 0.21 UAR

Add to road 

system. OML 2. 

POC mitigation -

Gravel near POC.

2 x T17NR3E

17N01.100** 2.49 UAR

Remove all 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope and 

barricade. 

Restore T17NR4E

17N01.2 0.30 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR3E

17N03 1.20 1

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

1 x x T16NR4E
47

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

17N04.1 0.12 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR3E

17N04.3** 0.97 UAR

Remove culvert 

and associated 

fill. Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Restore T16NR3E

17N04S 1.80 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

17N05.100 0.88 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR4E

17N05.101 0.06 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR4E

17N05.4 0.32 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR3E

17N05.4A 1.36 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR4E

17N05.5 0.14 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR4E

17N05C 0.97 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

17N05G 0.67 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

17N05U 0.28 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR4E
48

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

17N07.1 0.25 UAR

Outslope or

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR2E

17N07.102* 3.07 UAR

Road not stable; 

failing. Remove 

all culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR2E

17N07.2 0.51 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR2E

17N07.4 0.21 UAR Outslope as 

needed. Restore T16NR2E

17N07.5 0.32 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

17N07.5A 0.15 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

17N07.6 0.75 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

17N07.7 0.30 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

17N07J 1.64 2

Repair culvert at 

mp 1.25 2 x T16NR2E

17N07K 0.80 2

Remove all 3 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T16NR2E

17N07Q 0.22 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

17N07R 0.44 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culvert and 

associated fill. 

Barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

17N07R.1 0.16 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

17N07R.1A 0.25 UAR Barricade. Restore T16NR2E

17N08.3 0.30 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR3E
49

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

17N08A 0.50 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

17N13A 0.38 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T17NR2E

17N15 0.90 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T18NR3E

17N15A 0.13 1

Remove from 

System; 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

17N16 0.65 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T17NR2E

17N16.1 0.17 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N16.100 0.07 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR2E

17N17** 0.60 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culvert and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR1E

17N17.1 1.98 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail

M. Trail x T17NR1E

17N18.2 0.39 UAR

Remove 2 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR3E
50

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

17N18.3 0.74 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR3E

17N18.4 0.15 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

17N18A 0.94 1

Upgrade to OML 

2. 2 T17NR3E

17N18C** 0.67 2

Improve 

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 3 

culverts.

2 x T17NR3E

17N18E 0.42 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

17N18F 0.07 1

Remove from

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

17N20** 0.19 2

Improve 

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 3 

culverts.

2 x T17NR1E

17N21.1 0.41 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR1E

17N22A 0.79 2

Improve 

maintenance on, 

repair, or replace 

culvert at mp 

0.7. 

2 x T17NR1E

17N22A.1 0.21 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR1E

17N22A.2 0.25 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

17N22D 0.08 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR1E

17N22J 0.12 2 Outslope or 2 x T17NR1E
51

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

rolling dips as 

needed. 

17N22W 0.15 2

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed. 

2 x T17NR1E

17N22W.1 0.46 UAR

Add to system as 

OML 1. Outslope 

or rolling dips as 

needed.

1 x T17NR1E

17N23 1.15 1

Remove from 

System. Deco T17NR1E

17N23 1.30 1

Remove from 

System; 

Outslope as 

needed, remove 

culverts, 

barricade. 

Remove from 

MP .42 to end.

Deco T17NR1E

17N23C.1 2.23 UAR Add to road 

system. OML 1. 1 T17NR1E

17N23C.2 0.59 UAR Add to road

system. OML 1. 1 #N/A

17N25A 0.49 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco 0

17N27B 0.40 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

17N27C 0.40 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

17N27D.1 0.36 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR4E

17N28 0.20 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

Deco T17NR1E
52

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

17N29 1.00 2

Pull fill back from 

landing. 2 T17NR4E

17N29B 0.20 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR4E

17N30** 0.80 2

Remove all 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x T17NR4E

17N30 0.50 2

Remove all 

culverts and 

associated fill. 

Remove from 

system. Outslope 

or waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Deco T17NR4E

17N30A 0.40 2

Downgrade to 

OML1 1 T17NR4E

17N31 1.60 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T17NR4E

17N31.3 0.17 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR4E

17N31A.1 0.36 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR4E

17N32.1 0.31 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR4E

17N32B 0.80 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR4E
53

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

17N32F 1.00 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR4E

17N32G 1.20 2

Improve 

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

culverts.

2 x T17NR4E

17N35** 0.50 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR4E

17N35.100 0.35 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR4E

17N36** 2.50 2

Improve 

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 14 

culverts.

2 x T17NR3E

17N36B.1 0.26 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR3E

17N36C** 0.43 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

17N36F 1.20 1

Upgrade to OML 

2. 2 T17NR3E

17N39** 2.19 2

Improve

maintenance, 

repair, or replace 

each of the 25 

culverts.

2 x T17NR2E

17N39A 0.95 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR2E
54

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

17N39B 0.51 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR2E

17N39C 0.12 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T16NR2E

17N40 0.35 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed, 

barricade, and 

downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x T16NR2E

17N40B 0.53 2

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T17NR2E

17N40B.1 0.19 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N40C.1 0.20 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N40D 0.18 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR2E

17N41 1.60 2

Improve 

maintenance on, 

repair, or 

replace/upgrade 

each of the 13 

culverts and 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed. 

2 x T17NR2E

17N41G.1** 0.17 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T16NR2E
55

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

17N46A 0.16 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR2E

17N48.1 0.33 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N48.3 0.16 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR2E

17N48.4** 0.46 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR2E

17N48** 1.7 2 Stormproof 2 X T17NR2E

17N48C** 0.47 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR2E

17N49 3.91 3

Designate as 

mixed use. Mixed-Use T17NR2E

17N49.100

0.12 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR1E

17N49.100 3.88 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

17N49.100A 0.21 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

17N49.101

1.17 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route. 

POC mitigation -

Seasonal Closure 

- Gate near mp 

0.88

M. Trail x x x T17NR2E

17N49.102

0.87 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.102A

0.71 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.102B

0.17 UAR Add to trail 

system. 

M. Trail x x T17NR2E
56

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

17N49.102C

0.20 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.103

0.26 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR2E

17N49.104 

3.82 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR1E

17N49.104 1.05 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N49.104A

0.05 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.104B

0.08 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.105 1.43 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N49.105A 0.12 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N49.106 0.32 UAR Barricade. Restore x T17NR1E

17N49.107

0.64 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route. 

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.108

0.31 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.4

2.04 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route. 

POC mitigation -

Gravel two POC 

creek crossings 

west & south of 

17N49.101 

junction.

M. Trail x x x T17NR2E

17N49.4A

1.06 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR2E

17N49.7

3.06 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized trail; 

repair road 

drainage at 

spring area and 2 

culverts; 

M. Trail x x x x T17NR1E
57

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

Delineate Route. 

POC mitigation -

Seasonal Closure 

- Gate near mp 

0.95, just north 

of 17N49.15 

junction

17N49.7

0.29 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

17N49.7A

0.82 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR1E

17N49.8

0.39 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.11 4.49 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route. 

POC mitigation -

Seasonal Closure 

- Gate mid-slope 

near longitude 

124.0119W and 

latitude 

41.88593.

M. Trail x x x T17NR1E

17N49.11M

0.17 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR1E

17N49.11N

0.23 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR1E

17N49.11P

0.21 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR1E

17N49.12 2.10 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR1E

17N49.13

0.30 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T18NR1E

17N49.14

0.54 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N49.15

0.62 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route. 

POC mitigation -

Seasonal closure 

- gate before 

M. Trail x x x T17NR2E
58

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

junction with 

17N49.15A (mp 

0.51)

17N49.15A

0.24 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T17NR2E

17N69.100 0.18 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T17NR2E

17N69.2 0.16 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR2E

17N69.4 0.26 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T17NR2E

18N01** 0.10 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

18N03** 1.91 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N04E 0.21 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N05* 2 1

Remove all 

culverts. 

Outslope or 

waterbars/rolling 

dips as needed 

1 X T18NR4E
59

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

and barricade.

18N05.1 0.20 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed. 

Restore T18NR4E

18N05.100* 2.16 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR4E

18N05.2* 0.53 UAR

Remove culverts

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR4E

18N06A 0.18 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

18N07.1 0.16 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR4E

18N07.2 0.13 UAR

Add to road 

system. Manage 

as OML 2

2 T18NR4E

18N07.3 0.08 UAR

Add to road 

system. Manage 

as OML 2.

2 T18NR4E

18N07.6 0.25 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR4E

18N07.8* 0.38 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR4E

18N08.2 0.03 UAR Add to road 

system. OML 2 2 T17NR4E
60

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

18N08G 1.12 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR4E

18N09.100 0.27 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T19NR2E

18N09.100A* 0.16 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T19NR2E

18N09.101 0.16 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

18N09.102** 1.84 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

18N09.103 0.04 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

18N09.104 0.05 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

18N09.105 0.12 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR2E

18N11** 1.92 2

Replace culvert 

at mp 5.78. 2 x T18NR5E

18N11A** 0.80 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N11B 0.19 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E
61

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

18N11C 0.20 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N11D** 0.46 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR5E

18N11D.1 1.75 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR5E

18N11D.2** 0.25 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR5E

18N11D.3** 0.29 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR5E

18N11D.4A 0.73 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR5E

18N11D.5** 2.11 UAR

Remove culverts 

and fill from 

stream channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR5E

18N12A** 0.43 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR4E

18N13.100* 0.21 UAR

Remove culverts 

and fill from 

stream channels. 

Outslope as 

needed. 

Restore

18N15 1.20 2 Upsize culverts, 2 x T18NR3E
62

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

install waterbars 

or rolling dips.

18N15D 0.23 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

18N16** 1.2 2

Stormproof or 

replace 2 

culverts. 

2 x T18NR3E

18N16.100 2.60 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

18N16E 0.38 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

18N16F.1 0.16 UAR Barricade. Restore T17NR3E

18N16W 0.17 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

18N17** 8.10 2

Improve 

maintenance on, 

repair, or 

replace/upgrade 

each of the 19 

culverts and 

Outslope or 

waterbars as 

needed. 

2 x T18NR3E

18N17.100 1.01 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

18N17.100A 0.08 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

18N17.103 0.21 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

18N17.104 0.20 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

18N17B 0.87 2

Install culvert at 

mp 0.5 2 x T18NR3E

18N17C** 1.18 2

Replace culverts 

at mp 0.35 and 

0.77; and 

maintain, repair 

or upgrade 

remaining 4 

2 x T18NR3E
63

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

culverts and 

improve surface 

drainage. 

18N17G 0.12 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

18N17H** 0.15 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

18N18A 0.20 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N18B 0.15 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N18C 0.08 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N18D 0.13 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E
64

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

18N19A 0.22 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N19B 0.20 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N19C 0.17 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N20** 1.00 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade. 

Deco T18NR1E

18N20.100 0.28 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

18N20.100A 0.08 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR1E

18N20.101 0.12 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

18N20.102 0.47 UAR

Remove culverts 

and associated 

fill. Outslope as 

needed.

Restore T18NR1E

18N20A 0.40 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR1E
65

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

18N22** 2.00 2

Remove all 

culverts. 

Outslope or 

waterbars/rolling 

dips as needed 

and barricade. 

Downgrade to 

OML 1.

1 x x T18NR1E

18N22D 0.62 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR1E

18N22E 0.14 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR1E

18N23 0.10 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR1E

18N24 1.10 1

Remove all 

culverts. 

Outslope or 

waterbars/rolling 

dips as needed 

and barricade. 

1 x x T18NR1E

18N26 1.75 1

Remove all 

culverts. 

Outslope or 

waterbars/rolling 

dips as needed 

and barricade. 

1 x x T18NR3E

18N26A 0.15 1

Remove all 

culverts. 

Outslope or 

waterbars/rolling 

dips as needed. 

1 x T18NR3E

18N26B 0.08 1

Remove all 

culverts. 

Outslope or 

waterbars/rolling 

dips as needed 

and barricade. 

1 x x T18NR3E
66

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

18N30A 0.28 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N30B 0.46 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR4E

18N31 0.60 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channel. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR5E

18N31.2 0.23 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR5E

18N31.3C 0.18 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T18NR5E

18N31.4 1.25 UAR

Outslope or 

rolling dips as 

needed and 

barricade.

Restore T17NR5E

18N46 0.39 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR1E

18N47 0.44 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T19NR1E
67

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

18N48 0.31 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T19NR1E

18N51 0.27 1

Upgrade to OML 

2

2 T18NR1E

18N51.100 1.45 UAR

Add to trail 

system. 

Motorized Trail; 

Delineate route.

M. Trail x x T18NR1E

18N51.100A 0.46 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR1E

18N56** 0.88 2

Replace culverts; 

install rolling 

dips as needed. 

2 x T18NR3E

18N57* 0.56 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR3E

18N58.1 0.13 UAR Barricade. Restore T18NR3E

18N58B 0.25 1

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T17NR3E

19N34 1.95 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culvert and 

associated fill as 

needed. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T19NR1E

19N34A 0.28 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T19NR1E
68

Route / Road 

Number 

Total 

Miles

Existing 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Proposed Action

Proposed 

OML / 

Route 

Type

Mitigations on National Forest Transportation System (NFTS)

Location:

Township

&

Range

Route 

Delineation

Seasonal 

Closure -

Gate

Gravel Barricade

Stormproof

Speed 

Limit & 

Sign 

for 

NOA

19N34B 0.29 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T19NR1E

19N34C 0.08 2

Remove from 

System; Remove 

culverts and 

associated fill 

from stream 

channels. 

Outslope as 

needed and 

barricade.

Deco T18NR1E
69

Appendix C

Routine Road Maintenance Specific Activities

Routine Road Maintenance comprises of the following activities. Many activities incorporate 

mitigation guidelines and BMPS as standard practice. Each activity description references 

pertinent BMPs that are described above. The numbers in parentheses (e.g. 811) at the end of each 

activity description refer to the R5 Forest Service Specifications for Maintenance of Roads 

(USDA, 1992), which guides the development and administration of FS road maintenance 

contracts. All of the items listed below do not necessarily occur each year, but are implemented 

under the established routine road maintenance contract as conditions warrant at locations 

throughout the Forest.

1. Blading - This work consists of surface blading native or aggregate roadbeds to a condition to 

facilitate traffic and provide proper drainage. Blading includes shaping the crown or slope of the 

traveled way, berms, and drainage dips. Excess roadbed width shall be shaped only as needed to 

provide drainage away from the traveled way. The work would be generally be accomplished by a 

motor grader. BMPs 2-4, 2-7, 2-11, 2-19, 2-22, and 2-23 will be implemented with this action. 

(811)

2. Dust abatement - This work consists of applying dust palliatives to native and aggregatesurfaced roads. It includes standard material specifications for applying non-petroleum products; 

however, petroleum products can be added. Care will be taken to limit petroleum-based products 

to the travel way, especially at channel crossings. The authorized work is not intended to provide a 

bituminous running surface. Bitumen is the asphaltic residue in the distillation of coal tar, wood 

tar, petroleum, etc. This work would generally be accomplished with a water truck. To prevent 

impacts to riparian resources, water will be drawn from designated drafting sites with a screened 

intake. BMP 2-21 will be applied with this activity.

3. Spot surfacing - This work consists of placing surface aggregate as designated. It includes 

preparing the area, and furnishing, hauling, and placing all necessary materials to blend with the 

adjacent road cross-section. This work would generally be accomplished with a dump truck, motor 

grader, and a small roller. BMPs 2-22 and 2-23 will be applied during spot surfacing.

(813) 

4. Asphalt pavement patching - This work consists of patching potholes, skin patching of asphalt 

surfaces, and patching asphalt berms. Generally this work will be accomplished using a grader, 

dump truck, small paver, and small roller. A backhoe will be used if the damaged area requires 

digging out. BMPs 2-22 and 2-23 will be implemented with this activity. (814)

5. Paved surface cleaning - This work consists of removing loose material from a paved traveled 

way, including bridge decks and paved shoulders. Use of hydraulic flushing will not be permitted 

within a horizontal distance of 200 feet of a live stream, unless approved by the government. 

Other cleaning should be accomplished using power broom or blowers, truck with rock blade, and 

grader. BMPs 2-11, 2-19, 2-21, 2-22, and 2-23 will be implemented during this activity. (815)

6. Surface treatment - This work consists of treating the surface of asphalt concrete or chip sealsurfaced roads with a seal coat, a chip seal, or an asphalt concrete overlay. The purpose of this 
70

work is to rejuvenate the road surface, seal hair-line cracks, or to replace a worn surface that has 

become unsafe. Equipment that may be used includes power brooms, dump trucks, paving 

machines, chip spreaders, and oil distributor trucks. Surface treatment work is performed at the 

rate of 4 to 8 MPH. BMPs 2-11, 2-19, 2-21, 2-22, and 2-23 will be implemented during this 

activity. 

7. Maintenance of unpaved shoulders - This work consists of reshaping unpaved shoulders 

adjacent to a paved traveled way to their original configuration. This work would generally be 

accomplished with a motor grader with attachments. There will be no sidecasting anywhere that 

there is a likelihood that the sidecast material will reach a channel. BMPs 2-7, 2-11, and 2-19 will 

be applied as part of this activity. (816) 

8. Asphalt crack cleaning and repairing - This work consists of cleaning and filling cracks in 

existing asphaltic concrete (AC) surfaces that are 1/4 inch or wider. Cleaning is usually 

accomplished with compressed air, and the AC is applied using a propane-heated double-boiler 

unit with a wand attachment. BMPs 2-22 and 2-23 will be implemented with this action. (818)

9. Ditch maintenance - This work consists of removing rock, wood, soil, and other materials and 

re-shaping all types of drainage ditches to provide a waterway which is unobstructed. During the 

operation, care shall be taken to retain existing low growing vegetative cover in the ditches. This 

work would generally be accomplished with a motor grader and/or backhoe. BMPs 2-2, 2-4, 2-6, 

2-7, 2-19, and 2-22 apply to this action. (831)

10. Remove and end haul materials - This work consists of loading, hauling, and placing slide 

debris or excess materials (such as rock, soil, and vegetation) to designated disposal sites. This 

work would normally be accomplished with a wheel loader and dump truck when excess materials 

are hauled to a disposal site. If materials are used to fill slumps in the road compaction will be 

required. Generally a wheel loader, dump truck, compacter, motor grader, and backhoe would be 

used. BMPs 2-3, 2-7, 2-11, 2-19, and 2-22 will be applied with this activity. (832)

11. Drainage structure maintenance - This work consists of cleaning and reconditioning culverts 

and other drainage structures such as catch basins, inlet and outlet channels, and ditch line 

transition areas. This work is usually accomplished by hand, or in extreme cases, with a backhoe. 

Work does not include cleaning totally plugged culverts or replacing all or part of the drainage 

structure. Hydraulic flushing of drainage structures is not a standard practice of this activity, and 

will only be designated by FS when all potential impacts are addressed and minimized. BMPs 2-7, 

2-11, 2-19, and 2-22 are a part of this activity and will be implemented. (834) 

11. Culvert replacement – In areas that meet the wildlife operating procedures, this work includes 

removal of existing culverts, bed preparation, installation and backfill of new culverts of the size 

and length specified as part of routine road maintenance. Excavation shall be at least as wide as 

three pipe diameters. The culvert shall be installed to maintain auniform flow line from inlet to 

outlet channel. Culverts up to 48 inch diameter may be replaced. Work would generally be 

accomplished with a backhoe, tractor, and compactor. BMPs 2-2, 2-3, 2-10, 2-14, 2-17 and 2-22 

will apply to this activity. (833)

12. Drainage structure maintenance - This work consists of cleaning and reconditioning culverts 

and other drainage structures such as catch basins, inlet and outlet channels, and ditch line 
71

transition areas. This work is usually accomplished by hand, or in extreme cases, with a backhoe. 

Work does not include cleaning totally plugged culverts or replacing all or part of the drainage 

structure (see #11 Culvert Replacements). Hydraulic flushing of drainage structures is not a 

standard practice of this activity, and will only be designated by FS when all potential impacts are 

addressed and minimized. BMPs 2-7, 2-11, 2-19, and 2-22 are a part of this activity and will be 

implemented. (834) 

13. Roadway drainage maintenance - This work consists of providing drainage on roads that have 

been physically closed to traffic. At completion of drainage work the road will not necessarily be 

passable to vehicles. BMPs 2-2, 2-4, 2-6, 2-7, 2-11, 2-19, and 2-22 will be applied with this 

activity. (835)

14. Drainage dip maintenance - This work consists of maintenance of existing drainage dips, 

including rolling dips on native, aggregate, and paved roads, and maintenance of special outlet 

structures to provide for a smooth flow of water from the traveled way. Generally, this work 

would be accomplished with a motor grader with attachments. BMPs 2-2, 2-4, 2-7, 2-11, 2-19, 

and 2-22 will be implemented with drainage dip maintenance. (837)

15. Vegetation establishment - This work consists of applying seed, fertilizer, and mulch, and 

planting roadways and disposal areas that have been disturbed by maintenance activities. This 

work would usually be accomplished by hand. BMPs 2-2, 2-4, and 2-22 will be implemented. 

16. Cutting roadway vegetation - This work consists of cutting all vegetation, including trees, less 

than 6" in diameter at six inches above the ground in order to improve sight distance and provide 

overhead clearance. This work would be performed by hand using chainsaws or with a mechanical 

brush cutter. The objective is to manage roadside vegetation over time to maintain slope stability 

through vegetation cover while providing for sight distance and drainage needs. All of the work 

would occur within the road prism. BMPs 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-11, 2-19 and 2-22 will be applied with 

this action. 

17. Logging out - This work consists of ordered removal of fallen trees and snags which encroach 

into the roadway and within 4 feet of the roadbed (right-of-way for berm and road maintenance 

practices). This work is intended to open roads closed by minor windstorm debris or other natural 

occurrences, and pertains to unmerchantable material. Some chainsaw and mechanical work may 

be necessary. Logging out that occurs on Level 2 roads to gain access will meet the short duration 

criteria specified above at the beginning of the project list. BMPs 2-3, 2-19, and 2-22 will be 

applied with logging out actions. 

18. Hazard removal and cleanup - This work consists of removing and disposing of marked 

hazards such as trees, rocks, stumps and fallen trees that will create traffic safety problems. 

Woody debris and slash in excess of 1 foot in length or 3 inches in diameter shall not remain in 

ditches. All work will be within the road prism. Removal of standing roadside hazard trees is 

addressed in the Forest-wide Hazard Tree Removal Biological Assessment/Evaluation (March 5, 

1997), and such projects may be tiered to that document. BMPs 2-3, 2-7, 2-11, 2-19, and 2-22 will 

be implemented with this activity. (854)
72

19. Maintenance of cattle guards - This work consists of cleaning and restoring cattle guards and 

appurtenances. Work would normally be accomplished by hand, although a backhoe may be used 

to raise the deck grid. BMPs 2-2, 2-3, and 2-22 will be implemented. (861)

20. Sign maintenance - This work consists of cleaning, replacing, and reconditioning signs, posts, 

and markers. This work would normally be accomplished by hand by Forest Service personnel. 

BMPs 2-3 and 2-22 will apply here.