United States Court of Appeals

For the Eighth Circuit 

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No. 23-2843

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United States of America

 Plaintiff - Appellee

v.

Darnell Luther Levy

 Defendant - Appellant

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Appeal from United States District Court 

for the Southern District of Iowa - Eastern

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Submitted: April 8, 2024

Filed: July 29, 2024

[Unpublished]

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Before GRUENDER, MELLOY, and KELLY, Circuit Judges. 

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PER CURIAM.

Darnell Levy pleaded guilty to one count of being a felon in possession of 

ammunition and two counts of being a felon in possession of a firearm. See 18 

U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1), 924(a)(2). Levy’s total offense level of 33 combined with a 

criminal history category of VI resulted in an advisory sentencing guidelines range 

of 235-293 months. After considering the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) sentencing factors, 
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the district court1 varied downwards and sentenced Levy to 204 months’ 

imprisonment. Levy’s term of imprisonment consisted of 120 months’ 

imprisonment on each count, to be served concurrently, except that 84 months on 

one of the counts was ordered to be served consecutively to the others. See id. 

§ 3584.

On appeal, Levy argues that the district court failed to comply with 18 U.S.C. 

§ 3584, which requires that a court, in imposing a consecutive sentence, “consider, 

as to each offense for which a term of imprisonment is being imposed, the factors 

set forth in section 3553(a).” Although Levy acknowledges that the district court 

considered the § 3553(a) factors in its sentencing decision, Levy contends that 

§ 3584 creates a more exacting duty on the district court to state explicitly, with 

respect to each offense, its consideration of the § 3553(a) factors. Because Levy did 

not object to the imposition of a consecutive sentence in the district court, we review 

the district court’s decision to impose a consecutive sentence for plain error. See 

United States v. Bonnell, 932 F.3d 1080, 1082 (8th Cir. 2019). Under plain error 

review, Levy must show “(1) error, (2) that is plain, (3) that affects substantial rights, 

and (4) that seriously affects the fairness, integrity, or public reputation of judicial 

proceedings.” Id. (internal quotation marks omitted).

The district court did not plainly err. In United States v. Rutherford, 599 F.3d 

817, 822 (8th Cir. 2010), we stated that a district court is not required to recite 

explicitly each of the § 3553(a) factors on the record when it imposes a consecutive 

sentence so long as it is clear that the factors were considered. Rutherford may not 

be directly on point, but the logic underlying that decision applies here as well. Just 

as a district court is not required to recite explicitly each of the § 3553(a) factors 

when imposing a consecutive sentence so long as it is clear those factors were 

considered, a district court is not required to state explicitly, with respect to each 

offense, its consideration of the § 3553(a) factors so long as it is clear the factors 

1

The Honorable Rebecca Goodgame Ebinger, United States District Judge for 

the Southern District of Iowa.
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were considered and applied to the sentence as a whole. Prior to sentencing Levy,

the district court stated that, while it “may not speak about each one of the [§ 3553(a) 

factors] specifically in articulating the reasoning for the sentence to impose,” it had 

“considered each and every one of them.” Thus, the district court applied the

§ 3553(a) factors to the sentence as a whole and, in doing so, complied with § 3584. 

Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the district court.

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