IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

No. 22-0809

Filed July 20, 2022

IN THE INTEREST OF B.C., Z.B., and P.G.,

Minor Children,

J.G., Mother,

Appellant.

________________________________________________________________

Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Scott County, Cheryl E. Traum, 

District Associate Judge.

A mother appeals from the termination of her parental rights. AFFIRMED.

Rebecca Ruggero, Davenport, for appellant mother.

Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, and Mary A. Triick, Assistant Attorney 

General, for appellee State.

Jean Capdevila, Davenport, attorney and guardian ad litem for minor 

children.

Considered by May, P.J., and Greer and Chicchelly, JJ.
2

GREER, Judge.

The mother appeals the termination of her parental rights to three children—

B.C., born in 2009; Z.B., born in 2014; and P.G., born in 2016. The Iowa 

Department of Human Services (DHS) became involved with the family in 

November 2019 after receiving allegations the mother was using controlled 

substances while caring for the children; concerns were exacerbated when it was 

discovered that the mother’s husband, who is father of the youngest child, had 

committed an act of domestic violence towards the mother while the children were 

in the home. The mother voluntarily placed the children with a family friend in 

December. 

All three children were adjudicated children in need of assistance in March 

2020. Since that time, the mother has struggled with drug testing—repeatedly 

refusing to take tests or testing positive—and overdosed in January 2022, requiring 

her hospitalization. The mother was unsuccessfully discharged from inpatient 

substance-abuse treatment in 2020 and 2021. She completed a substance-abuse 

evaluation in August 2021 and was recommended to do extended outpatient 

treatment; but she did not show up for her admission appointment. At the 

termination hearing, the mother reported she was on the wait list for a treatment 

facility.

The mother vacillated between being totally disengaged from the case and

being aggressively hostile to service providers; at the time of the termination 

hearing, an assault charge was pending after she grabbed a worker by the back 
3

of the neck and threw the worker backward.1 She would regularly miss family team 

meetings or be unreachable because her cell phone number would change. On 

top of all of that, there is also a founded allegation of sexual abuse committed 

against one of the children by the mother, which caused visits to be suspended—

DHS recommended family therapy to reinstitute visits between the mother and 

child, but the mother failed to make an appointment. On a positive note, the mother 

was meeting with her solutions-based caseworker leading up to the termination 

hearing. The mother also testified at the termination hearing that she was 

attending some mental-health counseling, Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics 

Anonymous meetings, a sobriety-centric bible study, and a women’s support 

group. She also testified she was in the final steps of securing appropriate 

housing.

2 However, the mother did not provide corroborating evidence for any of 

her statements. The mother testified she was taking all prescribed medication. 

But through the history of the case, the mother could not sustain consistent 

progress toward sobriety or addressing her mental-health challenges.

The two older children remained in the care of the family friend, while the 

youngest child is in her father’s care. All children have expressed being fearful of 

the mother and do not wish to return to the mother’s care. In the end, the juvenile 

1 The social worker was trying to prevent the distraught mother from leaving the 

supervised visit with the child. The mother ended up driving away with the child

without a car seat. The event led to visits being suspended and the mother’s 

arrest—one of two arrests during the pendency of this case.

2 At the termination hearing, the mother was living with her father; he is a registered 

sex offender, making that an inappropriate living situation for the children.
4

court terminated the mother’s parental rights under Iowa Code section 232.116(1), 

paragraphs (d), (f), (i), and (l) (2022).3 

We review a termination of parental rights de novo. In re P.L., 778 N.W.2d 

33, 40 (Iowa 2010). The mother does not challenge the grounds for termination. 

Instead, she argues she should have been granted an additional six months of 

services.

4

 See Iowa Code § 232.104(2)(b) (allowing the juvenile court to delay 

permanency for up to six months if “the need for removal of the child from the 

child’s home will no longer exist at the end of the additional six-month period”). 

The burden for proving the additional time would eliminate the need for removal

rests on the parent seeking it. In re K.G., No. 18-1187, 2019 WL 719047, at *2 

(Iowa Ct. App. Feb. 20, 2019). At the termination hearing, the mother admitted 

that while she could be ready for unsupervised visits within six months, she could 

not have the children placed fully in her care by then. And six months would be an 

unrealistic timeline for the major work yet to be done on her mental-health and 

substance-abuse goals, especially given the lack of progress she has made in the 

over two years services have been available to her. See In re J.E., 723 N.W.2d 

793, 798 (Iowa 2006) (“[W]e look to the parent[’s] past performance because it 

may indicate the quality of care the parent is capable of providing in the future.”). 

Without assurance that six months would be sufficient additional time, we agree 

with the juvenile court that a six-month extension was unwarranted. 

3 Both B.C.’s and Z.B.’s fathers’ rights were also terminated; they are not party to 

this appeal. 

4 We note the mother’s brief cites to no legal authority, which we could consider a 

waiver of her arguments. See Iowa R. App. P. 6.903(2)(g)(3) (“Failure to cite 

authority in support of an issue may be deemed waiver of that issue.”). For the 

benefit of the children, we address the merits of the factual arguments raised.
5

The mother next asserts that the State did not provide evidence that 

termination was in the children’s best interests. We disagree. The State provided 

ample evidence of termination being most conducive “to the child[ren]’s safety, to 

the best placement for furthering the long-term nurturing and growth of the 

child[ren], and to the physical, mental, and emotional condition and needs of the 

child[ren].” See Iowa Code § 232.116(2). And, the juvenile court’s termination 

order mentions several examples of how the mother has failed to meet the 

children’s best interests. The children are thriving in their respective homes, which 

are currently meeting their needs. We conclude termination is in their best 

interests.

As additional time was unwarranted and termination is in the children’s best 

interests, we affirm the juvenile court’s order terminating the mother’s parental 

rights.

AFFIRMED.