LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

A-1 a: annum (year) A: present value of future core losses ($/watt) (see also B ) AEO: Annual Energy Outlook , DOE/EIA publication AL: aluminum ANOPR: advance notice of proposed rulemaking ANSI: American National Standards Institute B: present value of future coil losses ($/watt) BBRS: Board for Building Regulations and Standards BC: bill calculator B/C: benefit/cost (ratio) BEA: U.S. Bureau of Economic Affairs BIL: basic impulse insulation level BLM: Bureau of Land Management BT: Building Technologies (DOE/EERE) CAPM: Capital Asset Pricing Model CBECS: Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey CEA: Canadian Electricity Association CFR: Code of Federal Regulations C&I: commercial and industrial CO 2 : carbon dioxide CSA: Canadian Standards Association CSL: candidate standard level C U : copperLIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

A-2 DL: design line (followed by a number indicating which design line) DOE: U.S. Department of Energy DOJ: U.S. Department of Justice EA: environmental assessment EERE: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DOE) EIA: Energy Information Administration (DOE) EJ : exajoule EO: Executive Order ELCAP: End-Use Load and Consumer Assessment Program EMM: Electricity Market Model EPA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPACT 2005: Energy Policy Act of 2005 EPCA: Energy Policy and Conservation Act ERP: equity risk premium FEMA: U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMP: U.S. Federal Energy Management Program FERC: U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FR: Federal Register g: gram GDP: gross domestic product GRIM: Government Regulatory Impact Model GW: gigawatt H-O DR: laser-scribed M3 core steelLIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

A-3 HTS: high-temperature superconducting HV: high-voltage HVAC: heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning Hz: hertz I 2 R : resistance ID: load identification IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. IMBUILD: Impact of Building Energy Efficiency Programs IMPLAN: Impact Analysis for Planning INPV: industry net present value IOU: investor-owned utility IRFA: initial regulatory flexibility analysis J: joule kV: kilovolt kVA: kilovolt-ampere ( transformer size rating ) kWh: kilowatt-hour LBNL: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory LCC: life-cycle cost LF: load factor LL: load losses LV: low-voltage M*: M2, M3, M4, M6 – thickness of core steel MIA: manufacturer impact analysisLIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

A-4 Mt: million tonnes MV: megavolt; also medium-voltage MVA: megavolt-amperes MW: megawatt NAICS: North American Industry Classification System NCI: Navigant Consulting, Inc. (forme rly Arthur D. Little, Inc.) NEEP: Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnership NEMA: National Electrical Manu facturers Association NEMS: National Energy Modeling System NEMS-BT: a variant of NEMS used by DOE/EER E/BT; extends simulation to year 2025 NEMS-BT2: a version of NEMS-BT that ex tends simulation to year 2050 NEPA: National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 NES: national energy savings NL: no-load losses NOM: Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (official Mexican standards ) NOPR: notice of proposed rulemaking NO x : nitrogen oxides NPV: net present value NRCan: Natural Resources Canada NYSERDA: New York State Energy Resear ch and Development Authority OEE: Office of Energy Efficiency OEM: original equipment manufacturer OIRA: Office of Information and Regulatory AffairsLIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

A-5 OMB: Office of Management and Budget OPS: Optimized Program Service, Inc. ORNL: Oak Ridge National Laboratory PBP: payback period PC: product class PPI: producer price index PRF: peak responsibility factor quad: quadrillion Btu RIA: regulatory impact analysis RMS: root mean square RTP: real-time pricing SA1: Metglas amorphous core material SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission SIC: Standard Industrial Classification SO 2 : sulfur dioxide SMUD: Sacramento Municipal Utility District TDM: tariff data model TP 1: NEMA’s Guide for Determining Energy Efficiency for Distribution Transformers TL: total losses TMY: typical meteorological year TOC: total owning cost TOU: time of use TSD: technical support documentLIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

A-6 TWh: terawatt-hour UL: Underwriters Laboratories URL: uniform resource locator U.S.C.: United States Code V: volt W: watt Y: w ye-type transformer terminal connection ZDMH: mechanically scribed, deep-domain refined core steel Φ : phase