FI LED U. S . COURT OF AP PE ALS E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT M ay 29, 2008 T HOM AS K. KAHN CL E RK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 07- 14020 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C. D o c k e tN o . 0 6 - 0 0 2 6 7 - CR- CG U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s D O N A L D L E E C A R L T O N , J R ., D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e So u th e rn D i s tr i c to f A l ab a ma

_________________________ ( M ay 29, 2008) B efo re A N D E R S O N , C A RN E S an d B A R K E T T , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: D ona l d L e e C a r l t on, J r . , appe a l s the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s i m pos i t i on of ahi gh- e nd2

gu i del i ne-r ange se nt ence as subst ant i vel y unrea sonabl e. O n app ea l , C ar l t on ar gu es tha tthe di s tr i c tc ourtga ve no w e i ghtt o hi s ar gum e nt s tha the i s di f f e r e ntf r om the typ ic a l c r im in a l h is to ry c a te g o ry V I o f f e n d e r , le v e l V I o v e r - r e p r e s e n te d h is cr i m i nal hi st ory, and the go vernm entun re as on abl y w ai t ed ov ertw o years before p r o s e c u tin g h im . T h e r e f o r e , h e a r g u e s h e w o u ld b e b e tte rc la s s if ie d a s ale v e l V o f f e n d e ra n d s h o u ld h a v e r e c e iv e d as m a lle rs e n te n c e . W e r e v ie w af

in a l s e n te n c e im p o s e d b yad is tr ic t c o u rt f o rr e a s o n ab le n e s s . U n i t ed S t at es v . A g b ai , 4 9 7 F . 3 d 1 2 2 6 , 1 2 2 9 (1 1 th C i r. 2 0 0 7 ). T h e reaso n ab l en ess of af i na l s e nt e nc e i s r e vi e w e d unde ra n abus e of di s c r e t i on s t a nda r d. G a l l v. U n ite d S ta te s , __U .S . __ , 1 2 8 S .C t. 5 8 6 , 5 9 4 , 1 6 9 L .E d .2 d 4 4 5 ( 2 0 0 7 ) . S pe c i f i c a l l y , the di s tr i c tc ourtm us ti m pos e as e nt e nc e tha ti s both pr oc e dur a l l ya nd s u b s ta n tiv e lyr e a s o n ab le . U n ite d S ta te s v . H u n t, 4 5 9 F .3 d 1 1 8 0 , 1 1 8 2 n .3 ( 1 1 th C i r. 20 06 ). T h e S u p r e m e C o u rt h a s e x p la in e d th a t as e n te n c e m a yb e p r o c e d u r a lly unr e a s onabl e i f

the di s tr i c tc ourti m pr ope r l yc a l c ul a t e s the gui de l i ne i m pr i s onm e nt r a n g e , tr e a ts th e G u id e lin e s a s m a n d a to ry , f a ils to c o n s id e rth e ap p r o p r ia te s ta tu to ry f

a c to r s , b a s e s th e s e n te n c e o n c le a r lye rr o n e o u s f a c ts , o rf a ils to adequat el y e xp l ai n i t s r ea soni ng . G al l , 12 8 S . C t . at59 7. Ithas s ug gest ed that r e v ie w f o rs u b s tan tiv e r e a s o n ab le n e s s u n d e rth is s ta n d a r d in v o lv e s a n in q u iryin to3

w hether the fa ct ors i n 1 8 U . S . C . § 3 55 3(a) supp ortthe se nt ence i n q uest i on . Id. at 60 0. W e do n otpres um e r ea sonabl e ase nt ence w i thi n the prop er l y c al cul at ed G ui del i nes r ange. U ni t ed S t at es v. C am pb el l , 49 1 F . 3d 13 06 , 13 13 (11th C i r. 2007) . N one the l e s s , “ w he n the di s tr i c tc ourti m pos e s as e nt e nc e w i thi n the a d v is o ry G u id e lin e s r a n g e , w e o r d in a r ilyw ill e x p e c t th a t c h o ic e to b e ar e a s o n ab le one . ” U ni t e d S t a t e s v. T a l l e y , 431 F . 3d 784, 788 ( 11th C i r . 2005) . W e ha ve re cogn i ze d that“ there i s arang e of r ea sonabl e s ent ence s f rom w hi ch the di stri ct c o u rt m a y c h o o s e ,” a n d th e b u r d e n o f e s tab lis h in g th a t th e s e n te n c e is u n r e a s o n ab le i n l i ghtof

the r e c or d a nd the § 3553( a ) f a c t or s l i e s w i th the pa rtyc ha l l e ngi ng the s e n te n c e . I d . W he n r e vi e w i ng the r e a s onabl e ne s s of as e nt e nc e , w e m us tc ons i de rthe f a c t or s out l i ne d i n § 3553( a ) a nd the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s r e a s ons f ori m pos i ng the part i cul arse nt ence . U ni t ed S t at es v. W i l l i am s, 43 5 F . 3d 13 50 , 13 55 (11th C i r. 2006) . T he § 3553( a ) f a c t or s i nc l ude : ( 1) the na tur e a nd c i r c um s t a nc e s of the offe nse and the hi st ory and char ac t er i st i cs of the defendant ; (2) the need t o ref l ec t th e seri o u sn ess o f th e o ffen se, t o p ro m o t e resp ectfo r th e l aw , an d t o p ro v i d e j u st puni s hm e ntf

orthe of f e ns e ; ( 3) the ne e d f

orde t e rr e nc e ; ( 4) the ne e d t o pr ot e c tthe pu bl i c; (5) the need t o p rovi de the defendantw i th n ee ded edu ca t i on al or vo ca t i on al tr a i ni ng orm e di c a l c a r e ; ( 6) the ki nds of s e nt e nc e s a va i l abl e ; ( 7) the S e nt e nc i ng4

G ui de l i ne s r a nge ; ( 8) pe rt i ne ntpol i c ys t a t e m e nt s of the S e nt e nc i ng C om m i s s i on; ( 9) the ne e d t o a voi d unw a nt e d s e nt e nc i ng di s pa r i t i e s ; a nd ( 10) the ne e d t o pr ovi de r e s titu tio n to th e v ic tim s . S e e 1 8 U .S .C . § 3 5 5 3 ( a ) ( 1 ) - ( 7 ) . W hi l e the di s tr i c tc ourtm us tc ons i de rthe § 3553( a ) f a c t or s i n i m pos i ng the se nt ence , i ti s notre qu i re d t o d i sc uss e ac h fac t or. T al l ey , 43 1 F . 3d at78 6. R ather, “an ac k n o w led g m en t b y th e d istrict co u rt th at ith as co n sid er ed th e d ef en d an t’ s a r g u m e n ts a n d th e f

a c to r s in s e c tio n 3 5 5 3 ( a ) is s u f f ic ie n t u n d e rB o o k e r .” I d . W h e r e th e c o u rt im p o s e s aw ith in - g u id e lin e s s e n te n c e , th e d is tr ic t c o u rt n e e d o n ly

“ setfo rth en o u g h t o sat i sfy th e ap p el l at e co u rtth ath e h as co n si d ered th e p art i es’ a r gum e nt s a nd ha s ar e a s one d ba s i s f ore xe r c i s i ng hi s ow n l e ga l de c i s i onm a ki ng author i ty . ” R i t av. U ni t e d S t a t e s , 551 U . S . ___, 127 S . C t . 2456, 2468- 69, 168 L . E d. 2d 20 3 (20 07 ). F urther, “ [t ] he w ei gh tt o b e a cc orded any gi ven § 35 53 (a ) fa ct or i s am att ercom m i tt ed t o the soun d d i sc re t i on of the di stri ctcourt . ” U ni t ed S t at es v. C l ay , 48 3 F . 3d 73 9, 74 3 (11 th C i r. 20 07 ) ( qu ot at i on om i tt ed). H ere, th e d i stri ctco u rti m p o sed a p ro ced u ral l y reaso n ab l e sen t en ce b ecau se it c o rr e c tlyc a lc u la te d th e g u id e lin e r a n g e , it c o n s id e r e d th e s ta tu to ryf a c to r s , a n d it n o te d th a t it h a d c o n s id e r e d th e a r g u m e n ts o f th e p a rtie s . I t a ls o s u f

f ic ie n tly expl ai ned i t s r ea soni ng , no t i ng thatse vera l of C ar l t on ’ s off ense s i nv ol ved v i ol ence a n d th a t h e b e g a n c o m m ittin g c r im e s a t ay o u n g a g e .5

T he courtal so i m po se d a subst ant i vel y r ea sonabl e s ent ence . Itci t ed C a r l t on’ s c r i m i na l hi s t ory a s the m a j orr e a s on i tf

e l tahi gh- e nd gui de l i ne r a nge se nt ence w as approp ri at e, and the w ei gh tthe courtattri bu t ed t o C ar l t on ’ s c ri m i nal h is to ry w a s a t its d is c r e tio n . B e c au s e th e d is tr ic t c o u rt c o n s id e r e d th e ap p r o p r ia te f a c to r s a n d ap p r o p r ia te lye x e r c is e d its d is c r e tio n , it im p o s e d ar e a s o n ab le s e n te n c e . A c c o r d i n g l y , w e a f

f i rm. AF F I RME D.