U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

census.gov

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance 

Program (SNAP) Receipt for 

Households: 2000–2013

American Community Survey Briefs

Issued March 2015

ACSBR/13-08

By Tracy A. Loveless

INTRODUCTION

This report presents data on Supplemental Nutrition 

Assistance Program (SNAP) receipt at the national and 

state levels based on the annual American Community 

Survey (ACS) from 2000 to 2013.1 In addition, this 

report discusses the current SNAP receipt rates for 

metropolitan statistical areas with large populations. 

The ACS question about SNAP identifies households 

in which one or more current members received SNAP 

during the past 12 months. Data reflect households, 

not individuals. If any person living at the sample 

address at the time of the interview received SNAP in 

the past 12 months, then the household is included in 

the estimate of SNAP participation.

SNAP RECEIPT: 2012 TO 2013

Table 1 shows that the number and percentage of 

American households receiving SNAP benefits in 2013 

decreased significantly from the previous year. In the 

2013 ACS, 15.7 million households, or 13.5 percent of 

all households, received SNAP at some point in the previous 12 months. In 2012, 15.8 million households, or 

13.6 percent of all households, received SNAP at some 

point in the previous 12 months.

The states with the highest SNAP participation rate 

in 2013 were Oregon (19.8 percent) and Mississippi 

1 The data for 2000 were obtained from the Census 2000 

Supplementary Survey (C2SS), which was the demonstration stage 

of the ACS. The C2SS was designed to provide accurate estimates of 

housing units and the population for the 50 states and the District of 

Columbia based on a sample of approximately 890,000 housing units. 

This sample did not include people in group quarters. In this report, 

the C2SS is referred to as the 2000 ACS.

(19.4 percent). There was not a statistically significant 

difference in participation rates between these states. 

The state with the lowest SNAP participation rate was 

Wyoming (5.9 percent).

SNAP participation was higher in 22 states and the 

District of Columbia than the national rate of 13.5 

percent in the 2013 ACS. Many of these states were 

concentrated in the South (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, 

Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North 

Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, 

and West Virginia).

SNAP participation was lower in 22 states than the 

national rate of 13.5 percent in the 2013 ACS. Many 

of these states were concentrated in the Midwest 

(Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, North 

Dakota, and South Dakota) and the West (Alaska, 

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Montana, Nevada, Utah, 

and Wyoming).

California, Illinois, and South Dakota were the only 

states to have significant increases in SNAP receipt 

between 2012 and 2013. Fifteen states had significant 

decreases in SNAP receipt between 2012 and 2013. 

In each of the remaining states, the number of households receiving SNAP in the 2013 ACS was not statistically different from the 2012 estimates.

In the 2013 ACS, Puerto Rico had a higher SNAP participation rate (37.7 percent) than the national average 

(13.5 percent). The number of Puerto Rican households 

that received SNAP from the 2012 ACS to the 2013 ACS 

was not statistically different.
2 U.S. Census Bureau

SNAP RECEIPT: 2000 TO 

2013

Table 2 shows the estimated number and percentage of households 

receiving SNAP benefits in 2000 

and 2013 and the changes between 

these years for the nation, states, 

and the District of Columbia. 

According to the 2000 ACS, about 

6.5 million households, or 6.2 

percent of all households, received 

SNAP at some point in the past 12 

months. In 2013, the number of 

households receiving SNAP income 

increased to about 15.7 million 

or 13.5 percent of all households. 

All 50 states and the District of 

Columbia experienced an increase 

in the number of households receiving SNAP between 2000 and 2013.

SNAP RECEIPT IN 

METROPOLITAN AREAS

More than 80 percent of the U.S. 

population lives in the 366 metropolitan areas, and about 40 percent 

of the total population resides in 

the largest 25 metropolitan areas.2

Table 3 shows the number and 

percentage of households receiving 

2 Metropolitan statistical areas contain at 

least one urbanized area of 50,000 or more in 

population and consist of one or more whole 

counties or county equivalents. Metro areas 

are delineated by the Office of Management 

and Budget as of December 2009. The list in 

Table 3 contains the 25 most populous metro 

areas based on statistics from the 2013 ACS. 

SNAP in the 25 largest metropolitan 

areas. In 2013, the rate of SNAP 

receipt ranged from a low of 6.3 

percent to a high of 17.5 percent.

Between 2012 and 2013, 7 of 

the 25 largest metropolitan areas 

showed a significant increase in the 

number of households receiving 

SNAP. Four of the 25 largest metropolitan areas showed a significant 

decrease in the number of households receiving SNAP. In each of 

the remaining metropolitan areas, 

the number of households receiving SNAP in the 2013 ACS was not 

statistically different from the 2012 

estimates.

! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

TX

CA

MT

AZ

ID

NV

KS

CO

NM

OR

UT

SD

IL

WY

NE IA

FL

MN

OK

ND

WI

WA

AL GA

MO

PA

AR

LA

NC

MS

NY

IN

MI

VA

TN

KY

SC

OH

ME

WV

VT

NH

NJ

MD

MA

CT

DE

RI

DC

AK

PR HI

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2013 American Community Survey and

2013 Puerto Rico Community Survey.

0 500 Miles

0 100 Miles

0 100 Miles 0 50 Miles

Percent by state

15.0 or more

10.0 to 14.9

Less than 10.0

Percentage of Households Receiving Supplemental 

Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Benets

for the United States and Puerto Rico: 2013

Figure 1.
U.S. Census Bureau 3

Table 1.

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Receipt in the Past 12 Months for 

Households by State and Puerto Rico: 2012 and 2013

(For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/data

_documentation/Accuracy/ACS_Accuracy_of_Data_2013.pdf)

Area

SNAP receipt in 2012 SNAP receipt in 2013 Change in SNAP receipt 

(2013 less 2012)

Number

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

Percent

Margin 

of

error1

(±) Number

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

Percent

Margin 

of

error1

(±) Number

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

Percent 

difference

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

 United States . 15,814,499 58,089 13.6 0.1 15,684,115 56,168 13.5 0.1 *–130,384 80,804 *–0.1 0.1

Alabama . . . . . . . . . . 309,540 7,820 16.8 0.4 283,047 7,581 15.5 0.4 *–26,493 10,891 *–1.2 0.6

Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,724 2,316 11.4 0.9 24,098 1,853 9.8 0.8 *–4,626 2,966 *–1.6 1.2

Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . 345,920 8,234 14.5 0.3 323,485 7,641 13.5 0.3 *–22,435 11,233 *–1.0 0.5

Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . 176,758 5,185 15.5 0.4 172,725 6,435 15.3 0.6 –4,033 8,264 –0.1 0.7

California . . . . . . . . . . 1,140,716 14,753 9.1 0.1 1,192,254 17,617 9.4 0.1 *51,538 22,978 *0.3 0.2

Colorado . . . . . . . . . . 186,217 7,033 9.3 0.4 172,179 6,718 8.6 0.3 *–14,038 9,727 *–0.7 0.5

Connecticut . . . . . . . . 163,064 5,739 12.0 0.4 165,367 5,592 12.3 0.4 2,303 8,013 0.3 0.6

Delaware . . . . . . . . . . 48,378 2,973 14.2 0.9 46,663 3,062 13.8 0.9 –1,715 4,268 –0.5 1.2

District of Columbia . . 40,966 2,609 15.4 0.9 42,612 2,327 15.7 0.8 1,646 3,496 0.3 1.3

Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,093,250 16,970 15.2 0.2 1,089,738 15,353 15.1 0.2 –3,512 22,884 –0.1 0.3

Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . 582,724 11,277 16.5 0.3 575,317 10,489 16.2 0.3 –7,407 15,401 –0.3 0.4

Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,600 3,052 11.3 0.7 51,033 3,610 11.3 0.8 433 4,727 0.0 1.0

Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,755 4,839 13.8 0.8 76,343 5,069 13.0 0.8 –4,412 7,008 –0.9 1.2

Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613,928 9,806 12.9 0.2 645,686 12,230 13.5 0.3 *31,758 15,676 *0.6 0.3

Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . 316,634 7,183 12.8 0.3 326,546 9,256 13.1 0.4 9,912 11,716 0.3 0.5

Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,621 5,764 12.4 0.5 150,086 5,354 12.1 0.4 –2,535 7,867 –0.3 0.6

Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,536 4,034 9.9 0.4 113,599 3,555 10.2 0.3 3,063 5,377 0.3 0.5

Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . 310,680 8,142 18.2 0.5 297,015 6,875 17.4 0.4 *–13,665 10,656 *–0.8 0.6

Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . 302,676 8,495 17.6 0.5 297,204 7,881 17.2 0.4 –5,472 11,588 –0.4 0.6

Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,551 3,918 17.8 0.7 98,315 4,211 18.0 0.7 –236 5,751 0.2 1.0

Maryland . . . . . . . . . . 239,685 7,080 11.1 0.3 239,645 7,580 11.1 0.3 –40 10,372 0.0 0.5

Massachusetts . . . . . . 325,306 7,158 12.9 0.3 328,341 8,043 12.9 0.3 3,035 10,767 0.0 0.4

Michigan . . . . . . . . . . 679,475 11,224 17.8 0.3 646,039 9,757 16.9 0.3 *–33,436 14,872 *–0.9 0.4

Minnesota . . . . . . . . . 193,271 5,334 9.2 0.2 195,586 6,210 9.2 0.3 2,315 8,186 0.1 0.4

Mississippi . . . . . . . . . 211,144 6,419 19.4 0.6 211,825 7,552 19.4 0.7 681 9,911 0.1 0.9

Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . 346,528 8,562 14.7 0.3 324,821 9,273 13.7 0.4 *–21,707 12,621 *–0.9 0.5

Montana . . . . . . . . . . . 48,819 3,001 11.9 0.7 43,452 2,783 10.7 0.6 *–5,367 4,093 *–1.2 1.0

Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . 67,983 3,376 9.3 0.5 66,301 3,752 9.1 0.5 –1,682 5,048 –0.2 0.7

Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . 126,482 5,753 12.6 0.6 118,435 5,205 11.8 0.5 *–8,047 7,758 *–0.8 0.7

New Hampshire . . . . . 42,991 3,391 8.3 0.7 44,416 3,103 8.6 0.6 1,425 4,596 0.3 0.9

New Jersey . . . . . . . . 296,880 7,821 9.3 0.2 304,679 8,069 9.6 0.3 7,799 11,237 0.3 0.3

New Mexico . . . . . . . . 126,168 5,134 16.5 0.6 125,837 5,234 16.7 0.7 –331 7,332 0.2 0.9

New York . . . . . . . . . . 1,125,632 14,558 15.5 0.2 1,140,999 15,774 15.8 0.2 15,367 21,465 0.3 0.3

North Carolina . . . . . . 572,468 10,240 15.3 0.3 552,763 10,612 14.7 0.3 *–19,705 14,747 *–0.6 0.4

North Dakota . . . . . . . 22,396 2,134 7.7 0.7 22,804 2,117 7.6 0.7 408 3,006 –0.1 1.0

Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713,830 10,148 15.7 0.2 703,718 11,624 15.4 0.3 –10,112 15,431 –0.3 0.3

Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . 205,425 5,065 14.2 0.3 207,384 5,309 14.3 0.4 1,959 7,337 0.1 0.5

Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . 304,161 8,492 20.1 0.5 301,792 7,652 19.8 0.5 –2,369 11,431 –0.2 0.7

Pennsylvania . . . . . . . 650,665 10,786 13.1 0.2 618,259 12,305 12.5 0.2 *–32,406 16,363 *–0.6 0.3

Rhode Island . . . . . . . 63,753 3,407 15.4 0.8 64,824 4,005 16.0 1.0 1,071 5,258 0.5 1.3

South Carolina . . . . . . 290,507 7,700 16.3 0.4 278,940 8,577 15.5 0.5 *–11,567 11,527 *–0.7 0.6

South Dakota . . . . . . . 33,587 2,437 10.4 0.7 41,495 2,466 12.5 0.7 *7,908 3,467 *2.1 1.1

Tennessee . . . . . . . . . 439,997 9,275 17.7 0.4 427,578 9,861 17.2 0.4 –12,419 13,537 *–0.6 0.5

Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,278,792 16,336 14.3 0.2 1,280,310 20,592 14.1 0.2 1,518 26,285 –0.2 0.3

Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87,948 4,160 9.8 0.5 80,598 3,704 9.0 0.4 *–7,350 5,570 *–0.9 0.6

Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . 37,934 2,395 14.7 0.9 37,409 2,249 14.8 0.9 –525 3,286 0.1 1.2

Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . 295,261 8,527 9.7 0.3 304,551 7,622 10.0 0.3 9,290 11,438 0.3 0.4

Washington . . . . . . . . 397,413 8,512 15.1 0.3 390,879 9,885 14.8 0.4 –6,534 13,045 –0.3 0.5

West Virginia . . . . . . . 116,622 4,114 15.7 0.6 119,413 5,318 16.2 0.7 2,791 6,724 0.4 0.9

Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . 304,523 6,910 13.3 0.3 304,542 6,621 13.3 0.3 19 9,570 0.0 0.4

Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . 15,615 1,735 7.0 0.8 13,168 1,654 5.9 0.7 *–2,447 2,397 *–1.1 1.1

Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . 480,672 8,638 38.0 0.6 472,819 9,059 37.7 0.7 –7,853 12,517 –0.3 0.9

*Statistically different from zero at the 90 percent confidence level. 1

 Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. A margin of error is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error 

in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. When added to and subtracted from the estimate, the margin of error forms the 90 percent 

confidence interval. Margins of error displayed as 0.0 are not actually zero, but round to zero.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 and 2013 American Community Surveys, and 2012 and 2013 Puerto Rico Community Surveys.
4 U.S. Census Bureau

SOURCE AND ACCURACY

Data presented in this report are 

based on the ACS sample interviewed from January 2013 through 

December 2013 (2013 ACS), the 

ACS sample interviewed from 

January 2012 through December 

2012 (2012 ACS), and the sample 

interviewed in 2000 from the 

Census 2000 Supplementary Survey (C2SS). The estimates based on 

these samples describe the actual 

average values of person, household, and housing unit characteristics over this period of collection. 

Sampling error is the uncertainty 

between an estimate based on 

a sample and the corresponding 

value that would be obtained if the 

estimate were based on the entire 

population (as from a census). 

Measures of sampling error are 

provided in the form of margins 

of error for all estimates included 

in this report. All comparisons 

presented in this report have taken 

sampling error into account and are 

significant at the 90 percent confidence level unless otherwise noted. 

In addition to sampling error, nonsampling error may be introduced 

during any of the operations used 

to collect and process survey data 

such as editing, reviewing, or keying data from questionnaires. Due 

to rounding, some details may not 

sum to totals. For information on 

sampling and estimation methods, 

confidentiality protection, and 

sampling and nonsampling errors, 

please see the “2013 ACS Accuracy 

of the Data” document located at 

<www.census.gov/acs/www

/Downloads/data_documentation

/Accuracy/ACS_Accuracy_of

_Data_2013.pdf> and the “2000 

Accuracy of the Data” document 

located at <www.census

.gov/acs/www/Downloads

/data_documentation/Accuracy

/accuracy00_C2SS.pdf>.

Figure 2.

Percentage of Households Receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

(SNAP) Benefits: 2000−2013

(Data based on sample. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and 

definitions, see www.census.gov/acs/www/)

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000–2013 American Community Surveys.

Recession

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

13.5

6.2

Percent
U.S. Census Bureau 5

Table 2.

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Receipt for Households by State: 

2000–2013

(For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/data

_documentation/Accuracy/ACS_Accuracy_of_Data_2013.pdf)

Area

SNAP receipt in 2000 SNAP receipt in 2013 Change in SNAP receipt 

(2013 less 2000)

Number

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

Percent

Margin 

of

error1

(±) Number

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

Percent

Margin 

of

error1

(±) Number

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

Percent 

difference

Margin 

of

error1

(±)

 United States . 6,454,414 54,478 6.2 0.1 15,684,115 56,168 13.5 0.1 *9,229,701 78,133 *7.3 0.1

Alabama . . . . . . . . . . 145,368 11,051 8.4 1.0 283,047 7,581 15.5 0.4 *137,679 13,374 *7.1 1.1

Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,690 2,347 7.0 1.7 24,098 1,853 9.8 0.8 *8,408 2,985 *2.7 1.9

Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . 97,432 7,562 5.1 0.6 323,485 7,641 13.5 0.3 *226,053 10,734 *8.4 0.6

Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . 102,323 7,161 9.8 1.2 172,725 6,435 15.3 0.6 *70,402 9,611 *5.5 1.3

California . . . . . . . . . . 558,722 15,149 4.9 0.2 1,192,254 17,617 9.4 0.1 *633,532 23,205 *4.5 0.2

Colorado . . . . . . . . . . 55,928 7,423 3.3 0.7 172,179 6,718 8.6 0.3 *116,251 9,995 *5.3 0.8

Connecticut . . . . . . . . 64,662 5,163 5.0 0.7 165,367 5,592 12.3 0.4 *100,705 7,600 *7.3 0.8

Delaware . . . . . . . . . . 14,363 1,365 4.9 0.8 46,663 3,062 13.8 0.9 *32,300 3,351 *8.9 1.2

District of Columbia . . 21,536 1,582 8.8 1.1 42,612 2,327 15.7 0.8 *21,076 2,811 *6.9 1.3

Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . 324,222 11,876 5.2 0.3 1,089,738 15,353 15.1 0.2 *765,516 19,388 *10.0 0.4

Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . 209,654 9,098 7.1 0.5 575,317 10,489 16.2 0.3 *365,663 13,867 *9.1 0.6

Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,037 1,776 8.5 0.8 51,033 3,610 11.3 0.8 *17,996 4,021 *2.8 1.1

Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,942 2,862 4.5 1.0 76,343 5,069 13.0 0.8 *55,401 5,817 *8.5 1.3

Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285,762 13,938 6.3 0.5 645,686 12,230 13.5 0.3 *359,924 18,511 *7.2 0.6

Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,141 8,438 5.2 0.6 326,546 9,256 13.1 0.4 *207,405 12,508 *7.9 0.7

Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,407 2,960 5.1 0.4 150,086 5,354 12.1 0.4 *91,679 6,113 *7.0 0.6

Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,013 4,054 4.2 0.7 113,599 3,555 10.2 0.3 *70,586 5,383 *6.0 0.7

Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . 172,178 10,958 10.9 1.2 297,015 6,875 17.4 0.4 *124,837 12,908 *6.5 1.3

Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . 166,536 8,462 10.1 0.8 297,204 7,881 17.2 0.4 *130,668 11,545 *7.1 0.9

Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,064 3,596 9.8 1.1 98,315 4,211 18.0 0.7 *47,251 5,530 *8.2 1.3

Maryland . . . . . . . . . . 89,174 6,822 4.5 0.6 239,645 7,580 11.1 0.3 *150,471 10,184 *6.6 0.7

Massachusetts . . . . . . 98,670 5,220 4.1 0.4 328,341 8,043 12.9 0.3 *229,671 9,580 *8.9 0.5

Michigan . . . . . . . . . . 197,379 6,392 5.2 0.3 646,039 9,757 16.9 0.3 *448,660 11,654 *11.7 0.4

Minnesota . . . . . . . . . 73,844 5,531 3.8 0.5 195,586 6,210 9.2 0.3 *121,742 8,305 *5.4 0.6

Mississippi . . . . . . . . . 97,981 4,620 9.5 0.8 211,825 7,552 19.4 0.7 *113,844 8,846 *9.9 1.0

Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . 145,943 6,434 6.5 0.5 324,821 9,273 13.7 0.4 *178,878 11,275 *7.2 0.6

Montana . . . . . . . . . . . 23,735 1,767 6.6 0.8 43,452 2,783 10.7 0.6 *19,717 3,294 *4.1 1.0

Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . 39,687 2,014 6.0 0.5 66,301 3,752 9.1 0.5 *26,614 4,255 *3.1 0.7

Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . 25,990 3,122 3.5 0.7 118,435 5,205 11.8 0.5 *92,445 6,065 *8.3 0.9

New Hampshire . . . . . 18,385 1,918 3.9 0.7 44,416 3,103 8.6 0.6 *26,031 3,645 *4.6 0.9

New Jersey . . . . . . . . 115,587 8,168 3.8 0.4 304,679 8,069 9.6 0.3 *189,092 11,464 *5.8 0.5

New Mexico . . . . . . . . 64,752 4,501 9.8 1.2 125,837 5,234 16.7 0.7 *61,085 6,894 *6.9 1.4

New York . . . . . . . . . . 557,653 15,077 8.0 0.3 1,140,999 15,774 15.8 0.2 *583,346 21,789 *7.8 0.4

North Carolina . . . . . . 221,176 13,855 7.2 0.7 552,763 10,612 14.7 0.3 *331,587 17,419 *7.5 0.8

North Dakota . . . . . . . 11,297 734 4.5 0.5 22,804 2,117 7.6 0.7 *11,507 2,240 *3.1 0.9

Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270,457 11,831 6.2 0.5 703,718 11,624 15.4 0.3 *433,261 16,560 *9.3 0.6

Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . 98,973 5,017 7.5 0.6 207,384 5,309 14.3 0.4 *108,411 7,294 *6.8 0.7

Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,103 4,325 8.1 0.5 301,792 7,652 19.8 0.5 *190,689 8,783 *11.7 0.7

Pennsylvania . . . . . . . 303,990 13,117 6.4 0.5 618,259 12,305 12.5 0.2 *314,269 17,956 *6.1 0.5

Rhode Island . . . . . . . 31,219 2,220 7.7 0.9 64,824 4,005 16.0 1.0 *33,605 4,576 *8.3 1.3

South Carolina . . . . . . 101,968 4,616 6.8 0.6 278,940 8,577 15.5 0.5 *176,972 9,734 *8.8 0.8

South Dakota . . . . . . . 13,824 941 4.8 0.5 41,495 2,466 12.5 0.7 *27,671 2,638 *7.7 0.9

Tennessee . . . . . . . . . 193,757 8,724 8.7 0.7 427,578 9,861 17.2 0.4 *233,821 13,149 *8.4 0.8

Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505,968 17,738 6.9 0.4 1,280,310 20,592 14.1 0.2 *774,342 27,143 *7.2 0.4

Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,055 3,295 3.8 0.8 80,598 3,704 9.0 0.4 *53,543 4,951 *5.2 0.9

Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . 18,216 1,173 7.6 0.8 37,409 2,249 14.8 0.9 *19,193 2,535 *7.2 1.2

Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,564 7,863 5.3 0.5 304,551 7,622 10.0 0.3 *161,987 10,934 *4.6 0.6

Washington . . . . . . . . 126,482 4,883 5.6 0.4 390,879 9,885 14.8 0.4 *264,397 11,019 *9.2 0.5

West Virginia . . . . . . . 78,756 4,162 10.9 1.1 119,413 5,318 16.2 0.7 *40,657 6,746 *5.2 1.3

Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . 78,591 7,573 3.8 0.6 304,542 6,621 13.3 0.3 *225,951 10,042 *9.5 0.7

Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . 10,258 1,151 5.3 1.0 13,168 1,654 5.9 0.7 *2,910 2,013 0.5 1.2

*Statistically different from zero at the 90 percent confidence level. 1

 Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. A margin of error is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error 

in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. When added to and subtracted from the estimate, the margin of error forms the 90 percent 

confidence interval. Margins of error displayed as 0.0 are not actually zero, but round to zero.

Note: Details may not sum to totals because of rounding. Puerto Rico was not added to the ACS until 2005, thus no comparison between 2000 and 2013 may 

be made for Puerto Rico.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 and 2013 American Community Surveys.
6 U.S. Census Bureau Table 3. Households Receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Benefits in the Past 12 Months for Top 25 Metropolitan Statistical Areas: 2012 and 2013 (For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/data_documentation/Accuracy/ACS_Accuracy_of _Data_2013.pdf) Metropolitan statistical area SNAP receipt in 2012 SNAP receipt in 2013 Change in SNAP receipt (2013 less 2012) Number Margin of error1 (±) Percent Margin of error1 (±) Number Margin of error1 (±) Percent Margin of error1 (±) Number Margin of error1 (±) Percent difference Margin of error1 (±) United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,814,499 58,089 13.6 0.1 15,684,115 56,168 13.5 0.1 *–130,384 80,804 *–0.1 0.1 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA Metro Area . . . . . . . . 273,022 9,351 14.2 0.5 277,645 8,777 14.2 0.4 4,623 12,825 0.0 0.6 Baltimore-Towson, MD Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,417 5,373 12.6 0.5 130,662 5,281 12.6 0.5 245 7,534 –0.0 0.7 Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH Metro Area . . . . . . . . . 192,818 5,898 11.0 0.3 198,725 6,713 11.3 0.4 5,907 8,936 0.3 0.5 Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI Metro Area . . . . . . . . . 448,399 9,787 13.1 0.3 459,515 10,231 13.3 0.3 11,116 14,159 0.2 0.4 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . 273,629 7,282 11.7 0.3 286,804 8,912 11.9 0.4 *13,175 11,509 0.2 0.5 Denver-Aurora-Broomfield, CO Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,080 4,731 8.8 0.5 81,054 4,413 7.8 0.4 *–9,026 6,470 *–1.0 0.6 Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304,151 6,269 18.5 0.4 290,820 6,249 17.5 0.4 *–13,331 8,852 *–0.9 0.5 Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . 263,778 8,113 12.6 0.4 273,299 7,915 12.7 0.4 9,521 11,334 0.1 0.5 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338,993 8,241 8.0 0.2 352,711 8,526 8.3 0.2 *13,718 11,858 0.3 0.3 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354,723 8,812 17.5 0.4 356,631 7,825 17.5 0.4 1,908 11,785 0.0 0.6 Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,066 4,316 8.9 0.3 119,003 5,538 8.9 0.4 3,937 7,021 0.1 0.5 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957,163 11,379 13.9 0.2 992,880 14,489 14.0 0.2 *35,717 18,423 0.1 0.3 Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . 113,148 4,774 14.5 0.6 122,158 6,725 15.7 0.8 *9,010 8,247 *1.1 1.0 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290,598 7,317 13.0 0.3 270,660 9,493 12.2 0.4 *–19,938 11,986 *–0.8 0.5 Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196,985 6,521 12.7 0.4 191,716 6,278 12.3 0.4 –5,269 9,052 –0.4 0.6 Pittsburgh, PA Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,967 4,803 12.6 0.5 118,834 5,357 12.0 0.5 –6,133 7,195 –0.6 0.7 Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metro Area . . . . . . . . 151,853 5,992 17.4 0.7 146,723 5,915 16.6 0.6 –5,130 8,420 –0.8 0.9 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Metro Area . . . . . . . 160,331 5,905 12.5 0.5 171,122 5,865 13.2 0.4 *10,791 8,323 *0.7 0.6 San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,682 4,908 15.1 0.6 113,835 5,251 14.6 0.7 –1,847 7,188 –0.5 0.9 San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,420 3,508 6.4 0.3 73,169 4,236 6.7 0.4 3,749 5,500 0.3 0.5 San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,521 5,490 5.8 0.3 104,865 5,050 6.3 0.3 *9,344 7,459 *0.5 0.5 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Metro Area............... 172,710 5,516 12.6 0.4 175,910 6,246 12.6 0.4 3,200 8,334 0.1 0.6 St. Louis, MO-IL Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,351 5,681 13.9 0.5 138,863 5,785 12.6 0.5 *–15,488 8,108 *–1.4 0.7 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Metro Area . . . . . . . . 166,937 5,636 14.7 0.5 166,906 6,001 14.6 0.5 –31 8,232 –0.1 0.7 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,405 6,848 7.4 0.3 168,750 7,034 7.9 0.3 *14,345 9,817 *0.5 0.5 * Statistically different from zero at the 90 percent confidence level. 1 Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. A margin of error is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. When added to and subtracted from the estimate, the margin of error forms the 90 percent confidence interval. Margins of error displayed as 0.0 are not actually zero, but round to zero. Note: Details may not sum to totals because of rounding. Metropolitan statistical areas are delineated by the Office of Management and Budget as of December 2009. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 and 2013 American Community Surveys.
U.S. Census Bureau 7

WHAT IS THE AMERICAN 

COMMUNITY SURVEY?

The American Community Survey 

(ACS) is a nationwide survey 

designed to provide communities 

with reliable and timely demographic, social, economic, and 

housing data for the nation, states, 

congressional districts, counties, 

places, and other localities every 

year. It has an annual sample size 

of about 3 million addresses across 

the United States and Puerto Rico 

and includes both housing units 

and group quarters (e.g., nursing 

facilities and prisons). The ACS is 

conducted in every county throughout the nation and every municipio 

in Puerto Rico, where it is called 

the Puerto Rico Community Survey. 

Beginning in 2006, 1-Year ACS data 

for 2005 were released for geographic areas with populations of 

65,000 and higher.

The demonstration stage of the 

ACS, initially called the Census 

2000 Supplementary Survey 

(C2SS), was conducted in 2000 in 

1,239 counties with sample size 

of approximately 890,000 housing units. The C2SS was designed 

to provide accurate estimates for 

the housing units and population 

for the 50 states and the District of 

Columbia.

For information on the ACS sample 

design and other topics, visit 

<www.census.gov/acs/www>.
8 U.S. Census Bureau Appendix Table 1. Households Receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Benefits in the Past 12 Months by State: 2000–2013 (For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/data_documentation/Accuracy/ACS_Accuracy_of _Data_2013.pdf) Area 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) Esti- mate Margin of error1 (±) United States . 6.2 0.1 6.0 0.1 6.3 0.1 6.7 0.1 7.2 0.1 8.0 0.1 8.1 0.0 7.7 0.1 8.6 0.1 10.3 0.1 11.9 0.1 13.0 0.1 13.6 0.1 13.5 0.1 Alabama . . . . . . . . . 8.4 1.0 8.8 0.7 7.7 0.7 9.4 0.9 9.1 1.0 11.0 0.4 10.1 0.3 9.8 0.3 10.3 0.4 12.7 0.4 14.3 0.5 17.0 0.4 16.8 0.4 15.5 0.4 Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 1.7 5.5 1.8 5.7 1.0 6.6 0.6 6.2 0.7 7.3 0.7 8.3 0.9 7.4 0.8 7.9 0.8 10.0 1.0 10.6 0.8 10.4 0.9 11.4 0.9 9.8 0.8 Arizona . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 0.6 5.6 0.4 5.9 0.5 7.5 0.7 7.8 0.7 7.3 0.3 6.8 0.3 6.9 0.3 8.2 0.4 10.7 0.4 13.2 0.4 13.8 0.4 14.5 0.3 13.5 0.3 Arkansas . . . . . . . . . 9.8 1.2 9.5 0.6 9.3 1.2 10.0 0.8 11.8 1.3 11.5 0.4 11.9 0.5 11.9 0.5 12.6 0.5 14.0 0.5 13.7 0.5 15.3 0.6 15.5 0.4 15.3 0.6 California . . . . . . . . . 4.9 0.2 4.3 0.2 4.4 0.2 4.2 0.2 4.1 0.2 4.5 0.1 4.3 0.1 4.3 0.1 5.1 0.1 6.2 0.1 7.4 0.1 8.3 0.1 9.1 0.1 9.4 0.1 Colorado . . . . . . . . . 3.3 0.7 3.6 0.8 4.0 1.0 3.9 0.9 4.5 1.0 4.9 0.2 5.0 0.3 4.9 0.3 5.0 0.3 6.1 0.3 7.8 0.3 8.3 0.3 9.3 0.4 8.6 0.3 Connecticut . . . . . . . 5.0 0.7 3.9 0.5 4.5 0.5 4.3 0.6 4.9 0.6 5.4 0.3 5.6 0.3 5.7 0.4 6.6 0.3 8.1 0.4 10.2 0.4 11.3 0.4 12.0 0.4 12.3 0.4 Delaware . . . . . . . . . 4.9 0.8 5.0 0.7 5.2 0.8 5.5 0.7 6.5 0.9 6.5 0.6 6.9 0.7 7.1 0.8 7.4 0.7 9.3 0.9 11.3 0.9 11.9 0.9 14.2 0.9 13.8 0.9 District of Columbia . 8.8 1.1 8.8 0.9 10.2 1.2 12.1 1.3 10.6 1.0 9.9 0.9 9.1 0.9 9.2 1.0 10.8 0.9 12.8 1.1 11.4 1.1 14.4 1.1 15.4 0.9 15.7 0.8 Florida . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 0.3 5.2 0.3 5.7 0.4 5.6 0.3 6.5 0.4 7.9 0.2 7.4 0.2 5.8 0.1 7.1 0.2 9.6 0.2 12.4 0.2 14.2 0.2 15.2 0.2 15.1 0.2 Georgia . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 0.5 6.1 0.5 7.0 0.5 7.6 0.5 8.4 0.5 8.5 0.3 8.1 0.2 7.9 0.2 9.2 0.3 10.9 0.2 13.5 0.3 15.1 0.3 16.5 0.3 16.2 0.3 Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 0.8 8.5 1.6 8.6 1.5 8.2 0.9 7.5 1.6 6.6 0.6 6.6 0.6 6.1 0.6 7.2 0.6 7.8 0.7 9.1 0.7 10.8 0.8 11.3 0.7 11.3 0.8 Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 1.0 5.4 0.9 5.8 1.0 7.2 1.1 7.4 0.9 7.5 0.7 6.1 0.5 6.2 0.5 7.6 0.6 8.8 0.6 12.5 0.6 13.5 0.7 13.8 0.8 13.0 0.8 Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 0.5 6.2 0.5 5.9 0.4 6.2 0.6 6.5 0.3 7.6 0.2 7.9 0.2 8.0 0.2 8.7 0.2 10.2 0.2 11.0 0.2 12.1 0.2 12.9 0.2 13.5 0.3 Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 0.6 5.5 0.5 6.4 0.9 6.7 0.7 6.6 0.7 8.7 0.3 8.4 0.3 8.3 0.2 9.1 0.3 10.8 0.3 11.6 0.3 12.5 0.3 12.8 0.3 13.1 0.4 Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 0.4 5.2 0.5 6.1 0.7 6.4 0.6 6.1 0.6 7.2 0.4 7.4 0.3 8.1 0.3 8.8 0.4 10.0 0.4 10.8 0.4 10.8 0.4 12.4 0.5 12.1 0.4 Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 0.7 4.8 0.5 5.3 0.6 5.2 0.8 6.3 0.6 6.3 0.3 6.5 0.4 6.3 0.4 7.0 0.4 8.3 0.3 8.7 0.4 9.7 0.4 9.9 0.4 10.2 0.3 Kentucky . . . . . . . . . 10.9 1.2 9.8 1.1 10.5 1.1 11.4 1.9 12.4 1.2 12.6 0.4 12.7 0.4 12.4 0.4 13.6 0.4 15.1 0.4 16.6 0.5 17.4 0.4 18.2 0.5 17.4 0.4 Louisiana . . . . . . . . . 10.1 0.8 9.6 0.8 10.3 0.8 12.3 0.9 10.9 0.7 17.6 0.5 23.5 0.5 12.1 0.4 16.3 0.5 17.4 0.5 15.3 0.4 16.4 0.5 17.6 0.5 17.2 0.4 Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 1.1 9.5 1.2 9.6 1.0 10.7 1.0 11.6 1.0 11.5 0.6 12.3 0.6 12.3 0.5 13.6 0.7 14.5 0.8 16.2 0.7 17.5 0.8 17.8 0.7 18.0 0.7 Maryland . . . . . . . . . 4.5 0.6 4.3 0.5 4.9 0.6 4.6 0.5 5.0 0.6 4.7 0.3 4.8 0.3 4.9 0.2 5.5 0.3 7.0 0.3 8.4 0.3 9.9 0.3 11.1 0.3 11.1 0.3 Massachusetts . . . . . 4.1 0.4 4.0 0.3 4.0 0.5 4.3 0.4 4.7 0.5 5.3 0.3 6.5 0.2 6.6 0.3 7.7 0.3 9.4 0.3 11.5 0.3 12.1 0.3 12.9 0.3 12.9 0.3 Michigan . . . . . . . . . 5.2 0.3 6.2 0.5 7.0 0.4 7.7 0.5 8.2 0.4 9.1 0.3 9.8 0.2 10.4 0.2 12.2 0.2 14.5 0.3 16.9 0.3 18.1 0.2 17.8 0.3 16.9 0.3 Minnesota . . . . . . . . 3.8 0.5 4.1 0.7 4.8 0.6 4.3 0.6 5.3 0.5 5.1 0.3 5.0 0.2 5.0 0.2 5.5 0.2 6.3 0.3 7.6 0.3 8.6 0.3 9.2 0.2 9.2 0.3 Mississippi . . . . . . . . 9.5 0.8 10.1 1.0 10.9 0.7 11.5 1.2 12.9 0.8 15.1 0.6 17.4 0.6 12.6 0.5 13.2 0.5 15.0 0.6 16.4 0.6 17.3 0.5 19.4 0.6 19.4 0.7 Missouri . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 0.5 7.0 0.5 7.1 0.8 7.6 0.6 8.4 0.7 10.3 0.3 10.4 0.3 10.1 0.3 11.2 0.3 12.5 0.3 13.3 0.3 14.0 0.3 14.7 0.3 13.7 0.4 Montana . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 0.8 7.4 0.7 6.8 1.0 7.2 0.8 7.6 0.7 8.2 0.7 7.8 0.6 7.2 0.7 8.1 0.6 8.8 0.7 9.2 0.6 10.9 0.7 11.9 0.7 10.7 0.6 Nebraska . . . . . . . . . 6.0 0.5 6.0 0.6 6.2 0.7 6.0 0.6 6.6 0.7 6.6 0.4 6.8 0.4 7.0 0.4 6.7 0.5 8.2 0.6 9.2 0.5 9.2 0.5 9.3 0.5 9.1 0.5 Nevada . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 0.7 3.3 0.5 4.6 0.9 3.6 0.7 3.9 0.6 4.3 0.4 3.9 0.3 4.0 0.3 5.2 0.4 6.8 0.5 9.8 0.5 10.7 0.6 12.6 0.6 11.8 0.5 New Hampshire . . . . 3.9 0.7 3.5 0.6 3.9 0.6 3.9 0.6 3.9 0.6 4.9 0.5 4.6 0.5 4.5 0.5 5.3 0.5 7.0 0.5 8.3 0.6 8.3 0.6 8.3 0.7 8.6 0.6 New Jersey . . . . . . . 3.8 0.4 3.8 0.4 3.7 0.4 3.6 0.3 4.0 0.4 4.1 0.2 4.0 0.2 4.2 0.2 4.8 0.2 5.5 0.2 6.8 0.2 8.0 0.2 9.3 0.2 9.6 0.3 New Mexico . . . . . . . 9.8 1.2 8.0 1.0 9.3 1.2 9.7 0.9 9.9 0.9 9.6 0.5 8.7 0.6 9.2 0.6 9.0 0.5 10.7 0.6 13.0 0.6 15.4 0.6 16.5 0.6 16.7 0.7 New York . . . . . . . . . 8.0 0.3 7.9 0.3 7.3 0.4 7.7 0.3 8.2 0.4 9.3 0.2 9.6 0.2 9.5 0.2 10.6 0.2 12.4 0.2 13.9 0.2 15.2 0.2 15.5 0.2 15.8 0.2 North Carolina . . . . . 7.2 0.7 6.5 0.4 7.1 0.9 7.1 0.7 8.3 0.8 8.6 0.3 8.8 0.2 9.0 0.3 9.5 0.3 11.0 0.3 13.1 0.3 14.7 0.3 15.3 0.3 14.7 0.3 North Dakota . . . . . . 4.5 0.5 5.2 0.9 5.9 0.8 5.4 0.7 6.5 0.8 6.3 0.6 6.2 0.7 6.8 0.7 7.1 0.7 7.6 0.7 8.2 0.6 8.8 0.7 7.7 0.7 7.6 0.7 Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 0.5 6.5 0.4 6.9 0.4 7.2 0.3 8.1 0.5 8.8 0.2 9.3 0.2 9.4 0.2 9.9 0.2 12.6 0.2 14.1 0.3 15.2 0.2 15.7 0.2 15.4 0.3 Oklahoma . . . . . . . . 7.5 0.6 7.7 1.1 9.2 1.9 8.1 0.7 10.3 0.8 11.0 0.5 10.5 0.3 10.0 0.4 10.9 0.4 12.1 0.4 13.7 0.4 14.3 0.4 14.2 0.3 14.3 0.4 Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 0.5 9.2 0.7 10.4 0.7 12.1 1.3 11.1 0.6 11.6 0.5 10.7 0.4 10.5 0.4 11.7 0.5 14.5 0.4 17.9 0.5 18.9 0.5 20.1 0.5 19.8 0.5 Pennsylvania . . . . . . 6.4 0.5 6.3 0.3 6.3 0.4 6.5 0.3 7.5 0.4 7.7 0.2 7.4 0.2 7.9 0.2 9.0 0.2 9.7 0.2 11.4 0.2 12.7 0.2 13.1 0.2 12.5 0.2 Rhode Island . . . . . . 7.7 0.9 6.8 0.8 6.3 1.0 5.9 0.7 6.8 0.8 6.2 0.6 6.0 0.5 7.0 0.6 7.9 0.7 10.0 0.8 14.5 0.9 14.6 0.8 15.4 0.8 16.0 1.0 South Carolina . . . . . 6.8 0.6 6.4 0.7 7.5 0.9 9.0 0.7 9.0 0.8 10.0 0.4 10.0 0.3 9.5 0.4 10.8 0.4 12.4 0.4 14.5 0.4 15.4 0.5 16.3 0.4 15.5 0.5 South Dakota . . . . . . 4.8 0.5 4.9 0.4 5.0 0.7 4.5 0.4 5.3 0.6 7.7 0.7 7.2 0.7 7.1 0.6 8.4 0.7 9.7 0.8 10.2 0.9 10.6 0.8 10.4 0.7 12.5 0.7 Tennessee . . . . . . . . 8.7 0.7 8.3 0.7 8.9 0.6 10.1 0.6 11.3 0.9 12.3 0.4 12.3 0.3 12.1 0.3 12.8 0.3 15.3 0.4 17.0 0.3 17.6 0.4 17.7 0.4 17.2 0.4 Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 0.4 6.3 0.4 6.6 0.4 8.0 0.4 8.8 0.4 10.0 0.2 9.8 0.2 8.9 0.2 9.5 0.2 11.5 0.2 12.9 0.2 13.6 0.2 14.3 0.2 14.1 0.2 Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 0.8 4.7 1.0 4.7 0.9 4.1 0.8 5.8 0.8 6.0 0.4 5.5 0.4 4.9 0.4 5.6 0.4 7.2 0.4 8.9 0.4 9.9 0.5 9.8 0.5 9.0 0.4 Vermont . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 0.8 7.8 0.8 6.9 0.8 7.8 0.8 7.2 0.8 8.3 0.8 9.0 0.9 8.1 0.6 8.7 0.7 11.3 0.8 13.2 1.0 13.7 1.0 14.7 0.9 14.8 0.9 Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 0.5 4.6 0.6 4.7 0.5 5.4 0.6 6.1 0.5 6.4 0.3 6.0 0.2 6.0 0.2 6.6 0.3 7.8 0.2 8.6 0.3 9.6 0.3 9.7 0.3 10.0 0.3 Washington . . . . . . . 5.6 0.4 5.5 0.6 6.3 0.7 6.7 0.6 7.0 0.5 8.5 0.3 8.4 0.3 7.7 0.3 8.7 0.3 11.1 0.3 13.3 0.3 14.5 0.3 15.1 0.3 14.8 0.4 West Virginia . . . . . . 10.9 1.1 11.1 1.2 11.3 1.0 12.8 1.2 12.1 1.1 12.1 0.7 12.3 0.6 12.5 0.5 12.9 0.6 14.2 0.6 15.4 0.7 16.0 0.6 15.7 0.6 16.2 0.7 Wisconsin . . . . . . . . 3.8 0.6 4.2 0.6 4.2 0.4 5.1 0.7 5.0 0.6 5.4 0.2 5.9 0.2 6.1 0.2 6.5 0.2 8.5 0.3 11.0 0.3 12.7 0.3 13.3 0.3 13.3 0.3 Wyoming . . . . . . . . . 5.3 1.0 5.3 0.8 4.3 0.8 4.5 0.6 5.3 0.7 5.6 0.7 5.0 0.8 4.3 0.8 4.1 0.7 5.2 0.8 6.2 0.9 5.9 0.8 7.0 0.8 5.9 0.7 1 Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. A margin of error is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. When added to and subtracted from the estimate, the margin of error forms the 90 percent confidence interval. Margins of error displayed as 0.0 are not actually zero, but round to zero. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 to 2013 American Community Surveys.