EX-10.1


 Exhibit 10.1 

GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INC. 

Common Stock 
 (par value $0.001
per share) 
 At Market Issuance Sales Agreement 

May 19, 2017 
 FBR Capital Markets &
Co. 
 1300 North 17th Street 
 Suite 1400 

Arlington, Virginia 22209 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: 

Galectin Therapeutics Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), confirms its agreement (this “Agreement”),
with FBR Capital Markets & Co. (“FBR”), as follows: 
 1. Issuance and Sale of Shares. The Company agrees
that, from time to time during the term of this Agreement, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, it may issue and sell through FBR, shares (the “Placement Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value
$0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), provided however, that in no event shall the Company issue or sell through FBR such number of Placement Shares that (a) exceeds the number of shares of Common Stock registered on
the effective Registration Statement (as defined below) pursuant to which the offering is being made, or (b) exceeds the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock (the lesser of (a) or (b), the “Maximum
Amount”). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitations set forth in this Section 1 on the number of Placement Shares issued and sold under this
Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company and that FBR shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance. The issuance and sale of Placement Shares through FBR will be effected pursuant to the Registration Statement,
although nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring the Company to use the Registration Statement to issue any Placement Shares. 

The Company shall file, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder
(the “Securities Act”), with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), a registration statement on Form S-3, including a prospectus, relating to the Placement
Shares to be issued from time to time by the Company, and which incorporates by reference documents that the Company has filed or will file in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and
regulations thereunder (the “Exchange Act”). The Company will, if necessary, prepare a prospectus supplement to the prospectus included as part of such registration statement specifically relating to the Placement Shares (the
“Prospectus Supplement”). The Company will furnish to FBR, for use by FBR, copies of the prospectus included as part of such registration statement, as supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, relating to the Placement Shares.
Except where the context otherwise requires, such registration statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, including all documents filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including any information contained in a
Prospectus (as defined below) 

  
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subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act or deemed to be a part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430B of the Securities Act, is
herein called the “Registration Statement.” The prospectus, including all documents incorporated or deemed incorporated therein by reference to the extent such information has not been superseded or modified in accordance with Rule
412 under the Securities Act (as qualified by Rule 430B(g) of the Securities Act), included in the Registration Statement, as it may be supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, in the form in which such prospectus and/or Prospectus Supplement have
most recently been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, is herein called the “Prospectus.” Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any amendment or
supplement thereto shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference therein, and any reference herein to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect
to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing after the execution hereof of any document with the Commission deemed to be incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated
Documents”). 
 For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or to any amendment or
supplement thereto shall be deemed to include the most recent copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System, or if applicable, the Interactive Data Electronic Application system when used by
the Commission (collectively, “EDGAR”). 
 2. Placements. Each time that the Company wishes to issue and sell
Placement Shares hereunder (each, a “Placement”), it will notify FBR by email notice (or other method mutually agreed to in writing by the Parties) of the number of Placement Shares, the time period during which sales are requested
to be made, any limitation on the number of Placement Shares that may be sold in any one day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made (a “Placement Notice”), the form of which is attached hereto as Schedule 1.
The Placement Notice shall originate from any of the individuals from the Company set forth on Schedule 3 attached hereto (with a copy to each of the other individuals from the Company listed on such schedule), and shall be addressed to each
of the individuals from FBR set forth on Schedule 3, as such Schedule 3 may be amended from time to time. Provided that the Company is otherwise in compliance with the terms of this Agreement, the Placement Notice shall be
effective immediately upon receipt by FBR unless and until (i) FBR declines to accept the terms contained therein for any reason, in its sole discretion, (ii) the entire amount of the Placement Shares thereunder has been sold,
(iii) the Company suspends or terminates the Placement Notice in writing or (iv) this Agreement has been terminated under the provisions of Section 13. The amount of any discount, commission or other compensation to be paid by
the Company to FBR in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares shall be calculated in accordance with the terms set forth in Schedule 2 attached hereto. It is expressly acknowledged and agreed that neither the Company nor FBR will
have any obligation whatsoever with respect to a Placement or any Placement Shares unless and until the Company delivers a Placement Notice to FBR and FBR does not decline such Placement Notice pursuant to the terms set forth above, and then only
upon the terms specified therein and herein. In the event of a conflict between the terms of Sections 2 or 3 of this Agreement and the terms of a Placement Notice, the terms of the Placement Notice will control. 

  
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 3. Sale of Placement Shares by FBR. 

a. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, for the period specified in a Placement Notice, FBR will use its commercially
reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules and regulations and the rules of The NASDAQ Capital Market (the “Exchange”), to sell the Placement Shares up to
the amount specified in, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of, such Placement Notice. FBR will provide written confirmation to the Company no later than the opening of the Trading Day (as defined below) immediately following the Trading Day
on which it has made sales of Placement Shares hereunder setting forth the number of Placement Shares sold on such day, the compensation payable by the Company to FBR pursuant to Section 2 with respect to such sales, and the Net Proceeds
(as defined below) payable to the Company, with an itemization of the deductions made by FBR (as set forth in Section 5(b)) from the gross proceeds that it receives from such sales. Subject to the terms of a Placement Notice, FBR may sell
Placement Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act. Subject to the terms of a Placement Notice, FBR may also sell Placement Shares by any other method
permitted by law, including but not limited to negotiated transactions, with the Company’s consent. “Trading Day” means any day on which Common Stock is purchased and sold on the Exchange. 

b. During the term of this Agreement, neither FBR nor any of its affiliates or subsidiaries shall engage in (i) any short sale of any
security of the Company or (ii) any sale of any security of the Company that FBR does not own or any sale which is consummated by the delivery of a security of the Company borrowed by, or for the account of, FBR. Neither FBR nor any of its
affiliates or subsidiaries shall engage in any proprietary trading or trading for FBR’s (or its affiliates’ or subsidiaries’) own account. 

4. Suspension of Sales. The Company or FBR may, upon notice to the other party in writing (including by email correspondence to each of
the individuals of the other party set forth on Schedule 3, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) or by telephone (confirmed immediately by
verifiable facsimile transmission or email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on Schedule 3), suspend any sale of Placement Shares; provided, however, that such suspension shall not affect or impair
any party’s obligations with respect to any Placement Shares sold hereunder prior to the receipt of such notice. Each of the parties agrees that no such notice under this Section 4 shall be effective against any other party unless
it is made to one of the individuals named on Schedule 3 hereto, as such Schedule may be amended from time to time. 
 5. Sale and
Delivery to FBR; Settlement. 
 a. Sale of Placement Shares. On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained
and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, upon FBR’s acceptance of the terms of a Placement Notice, and unless the sale of the Placement Shares described therein has been declined, suspended, or otherwise terminated in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement, FBR, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell such Placement Shares up to the amount
specified in, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of, 

  
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such Placement Notice. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) there can be no assurance that FBR will be successful in selling Placement Shares, (ii) FBR will incur no liability
or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Placement Shares for any reason other than a failure by FBR to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and
applicable law and regulations to sell such Placement Shares as required under this Agreement and (iii) FBR shall be under no obligation to purchase Placement Shares on a principal basis pursuant to this Agreement, except as otherwise agreed by
FBR and the Company. 
 b. Settlement of Placement Shares. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Placement Notice, settlement
for sales of Placement Shares will occur on the third (3rd) Trading Day (or such earlier day as is industry practice for regular-way trading) following the date on which such sales are made (each, a
“Settlement Date”). The amount of proceeds to be delivered to the Company on a Settlement Date against receipt of the Placement Shares sold (the “Net Proceeds”) will be equal to the aggregate sales price received by
FBR, after deduction for (i) FBR’s commission, discount or other compensation for such sales payable by the Company pursuant to Section 2 hereof, and (ii) any transaction fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory
organization in respect of such sales. 
 c. Delivery of Placement Shares. On or before each Settlement Date, the Company will, or
will cause its transfer agent to, electronically transfer the Placement Shares being sold by crediting FBR’s or its designee’s account (provided FBR shall have given the Company written notice of such designee at least one Trading Day
prior to the Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties hereto which in all cases shall be freely tradable,
transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form. On each Settlement Date, FBR will deliver the related Net Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company on, or prior to, the Settlement Date. The Company agrees that if
the Company, or its transfer agent (if applicable), defaults in its obligation to deliver Placement Shares on a Settlement Date, then in addition to and in no way limiting the rights and obligations set forth in Section 11(a) hereto, it will
(i) hold FBR harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or reasonable, documented expense (including reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection with such default by the Company or its
transfer agent (if applicable) and (ii) pay to FBR (without duplication) any commission, discount, or other compensation to which it would otherwise have been entitled absent such default. 

d. Limitations on Offering Size. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement Shares if,
after giving effect to the sale of such Placement Shares, the aggregate number of Placement Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement would exceed the lesser of (A) together with all sales of Placement Shares under this Agreement, the Maximum
Amount, (B) the amount available for offer and sale under the currently effective Registration Statement and (C) the amount authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement by the Company’s board of directors, a
duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to FBR in writing. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement at a price
lower than the minimum price authorized from time 

  
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to time by the Company’s board of directors, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to FBR in writing. Further, under no circumstances
shall the Company cause or permit the aggregate offering amount of Placement Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Maximum Amount. 

6. Representations and Warranties of the Company. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or Prospectus (including the
Incorporated Documents), the Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with FBR that as of the date of this Agreement and as of each Applicable Time (as defined below), unless such representation, warranty or agreement specifies a different
date or time: 
 a. Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company and, assuming no act or omission on the part of FBR that would
make such statement untrue, the transactions contemplated by this Agreement meet the requirements for and comply with the conditions for the use of Form S-3 under the Securities Act. The Registration Statement
has been filed with the Commission and has been declared effective under the Securities Act. The Prospectus Supplement will name FBR as the agent in the section entitled “Plan of Distribution.” The Company has not received, and has no
notice of, any order of the Commission preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, or threatening or instituting proceedings for that purpose. The Registration Statement and the offer and sale of Placement Shares as contemplated
hereby meet the requirements of Rule 415 under the Securities Act and comply in all material respects with said Rule. Any statutes, regulations, contracts or other documents that are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement have been so described or filed. Copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, and any such amendments or supplements and all documents incorporated by reference therein
that were filed with the Commission on or prior to the date of this Agreement have been delivered, or are available through EDGAR, to FBR and its counsel. The Company has not distributed and, prior to the later to occur of each Settlement Date and
completion of the distribution of the Placement Shares, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering or sale of the Placement Shares other than the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus (as defined below) to which FBR has consented. The Common Stock is currently quoted on the Exchange. The Company has not, in the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from the Exchange to the effect that the Company is not
in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of the Exchange. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. 

b. No Misstatement or Omission. The Registration Statement, when it becomes effective, and the Prospectus, and any amendment or
supplement thereto, on the date of such Prospectus or amendment or supplement, will conform in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act. At each Settlement Date, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as of such
date, will conform in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act. The Registration Statement, when it became or becomes effective, did not, and will not, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus and any amendment and supplement thereto, on the date thereof and at each Applicable Time, did not


  
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or will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading. The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement did not, and any further documents filed and incorporated by reference therein will not, when filed with the Commission, contain an untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated in such document or necessary to make the statements in such document, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The foregoing shall not apply
to statements in, or omissions from, any such document made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information furnished to the Company by FBR specifically for use in the preparation thereof. 

c. Conformity with Securities Act and Exchange Act. The Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or
any amendment or supplement thereto, and the Incorporated Documents, when such documents were or are filed with the Commission under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or became or become effective under the Securities Act, as the case may be,
conformed or will conform in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable. 
 d.
Financial Information. The consolidated financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material
respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the
periods specified and have been prepared in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act and Exchange Act, as applicable, and in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”)
applied on a consistent basis (except for such adjustments to accounting standards and practices as are noted therein) during the periods involved; the other financial and statistical data with respect to the Company and the Subsidiaries contained
or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, are accurately and fairly presented and prepared on a basis consistent with the financial statements and books and records of the Company; there are no financial
statements (historical or pro forma) that are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, or the Prospectus that are not included or incorporated by reference as required; the Company and the Subsidiaries do
not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off balance sheet obligations), not described in the Registration Statement, and the Prospectus which are required to be described in the Registration Statement or
Prospectus; and all disclosures contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, if any, regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by
the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, to the extent applicable; 

e. Conformity with EDGAR Filing. The Prospectus delivered to FBR for use in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares pursuant to
this Agreement will be identical to the versions of the Prospectus created to be transmitted to the Commission for filing via EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. 

  
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 f. Organization. The Company and any subsidiary that is a significant subsidiary (as such
term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Commission) (each, a “Subsidiary”, collectively, the “Subsidiaries”),
are, and will be, duly organized, validly existing as a corporation or limited liability company and in good standing under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of organization. The Company and the Subsidiaries are, and will be, duly licensed
or qualified as a foreign corporation or limited liability company for transaction of business and in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which their respective ownership or lease of property or the conduct of their respective
businesses requires such license or qualification, and have all corporate power and authority necessary to own or hold their respective properties and to conduct their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing or have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect
on the assets, business, operations, earnings, properties, condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or prevent the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby (a “Material Adverse Effect”). 
 g. Subsidiaries. As of the date hereof, the
Company’s only Subsidiaries are set forth on Schedule 6(g). The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the equity interests of the Subsidiaries free and clear of any lien, charge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first
refusal or other restriction, and all the equity interests of the Subsidiaries are validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive and similar rights. 

h. No Violation or Default. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is (i) in violation of its charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents; (ii) in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any
term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or to which any of
the property or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject; or (iii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in the case
of each of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for any such violation or default that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. To the Company’s knowledge, no other party under any
material contract or other agreement to which it or any Subsidiary is a party is in default in any respect thereunder where such default would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

i. No Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of the most recent financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by
reference in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, there has not been (i) any Material Adverse Effect, or any development involving a prospective Material Adverse Effect, in or affecting the business, properties, management, condition
(financial or otherwise), results of operations, or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (ii) any transaction which is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (iii) any obligation or
liability, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), incurred by the Company or the 

  
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Subsidiaries, which is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, (iv) any material change in the capital stock (other than (A) the grant of additional options under
the Company’s existing stock option plans, (B) changes in the number of outstanding Common Stock of the Company due to the issuance of shares upon the exercise or conversion of securities exercisable for, or convertible into, Common Stock
outstanding on the date hereof, (C) as a result of the issuance of Placement Shares, (D) any repurchases of capital stock of the Company, (E) as described in a proxy statement filed on Schedule 14A or a Registration Statement on Form S-4, or (F) otherwise publicly announced) or outstanding long- term indebtedness of the Company or the Subsidiaries or (v) any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital
stock of the Company or any Subsidiary, other than in each case above in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement or Prospectus. 

j. Capitalization. The issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been validly issued, are fully paid and
non-assessable and, other than as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, are not subject to any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or similar rights. The Company has an authorized,
issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as of the dates referred to therein (other than (i) the grant of additional options under the Company’s existing stock option plans,
(ii) changes in the number of outstanding Common Stock of the Company due to the issuance of shares upon the exercise or conversion of securities exercisable for, or convertible into, Common Stock outstanding on the date hereof, (iii) as a
result of the issuance of Placement Shares, or (iv) any repurchases of capital stock of the Company) and such authorized capital stock conforms to the description thereof set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. The
description of the Common Stock in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus is complete and accurate in all material respects. As of the date referred to in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company did not have outstanding any
options to purchase, or any rights or warrants to subscribe for, or any securities or obligations convertible into, or exchangeable for, or any contracts or commitments to issue or sell, any shares of capital stock or other securities. 

k. S-3 Eligibility. (i) At the time of filing the Registration Statement and (ii) at
the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Exchange Act or form of prospectus), the Company met the then applicable requirements for use of Form S-3 under the Securities Act, including compliance with General Instruction I.B.1 of Form S-3. 
 l. Authorization; Enforceability. The Company has full legal right, power and authority to
enter into this Agreement and perform the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and is a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in
accordance with its terms, except to the extent that (i) enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles and
(ii) the indemnification and contribution provisions of Section 11 hereof may be limited by federal or state securities laws and public policy considerations in respect thereof. 

  
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 m. Authorization of Placement Shares. The Placement Shares, when issued and delivered
pursuant to the terms approved by the board of directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof, or a duly authorized executive committee, against payment therefor as provided herein, will be duly and validly authorized and issued and
fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of any pledge, lien, encumbrance, security interest or other claim (other than any pledge, lien, encumbrance, security interest or other claim arising from an act or omission of FBR or a purchaser),
including any statutory or contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal or other similar rights, and will be registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act. The Placement Shares, when issued, will conform in all
material respects to the description thereof set forth in or incorporated into the Prospectus. 
 n. No Consents Required. No consent,
approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or any governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, and the issuance
and sale by the Company of the Placement Shares as contemplated hereby, except for such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications as may be required under applicable state securities laws or by the by-laws and rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) or the Exchange, including any notices that may be required by the Exchange, in connection with the sale of the Placement
Shares by FBR. 
 o. No Preferential Rights. (i) No person, as such term is defined in Rule
1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act (each, a “Person”), has the right, contractual or otherwise, to cause the Company to issue
or sell to such Person any Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company (other than upon the exercise of options or warrants to purchase Common Stock or upon the exercise of options that may be granted from
time to time under the Company’s stock option plans), (ii) no Person has any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal, or any other rights (whether pursuant to a “poison pill” provision or otherwise) to purchase any Common Stock or
shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company from the Company which have not been duly waived with respect to the offering contemplated hereby, (iii) no Person has the right to act as an underwriter or as a financial
advisor to the Company in connection with the offer and sale of the Common Stock, and (iv) other than as previously disclosed to FBR in writing, no Person has the right, contractual or otherwise, to require the Company to register under the
Securities Act any Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company, or to include any such shares or other securities in the Registration Statement or the offering contemplated thereby, whether as a result of the
filing or effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the sale of the Placement Shares as contemplated thereby or otherwise. 
 p.
Independent Public Accountant. Cherry Bekaert LLP (the “Accountant”), whose report on the consolidated financial statements of the Company is filed with the Commission as part of the Company’s most recent Annual Report
on Form 10-K filed with the Commission and incorporated into the Registration Statement, are and, during the periods covered by their report, were independent public accountants within the meaning of the
Securities Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). To the Company’s knowledge, with due inquiry, the Accountant is not in violation of the auditor independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the
“Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) with respect to the Company. 

  
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 q. Enforceability of Agreements. All agreements between the Company and third parties
expressly referenced in the Prospectus, other than such agreements that have expired by their terms or whose termination is disclosed in documents filed by the Company on EDGAR, are legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable in
accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent that (i) enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable
principles and (ii) the indemnification provisions of certain agreements may be limited by federal or state securities laws or public policy considerations in respect thereof, and except for any unenforceability that, individually or in the
aggregate, would not unreasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 r. No Litigation. There are no legal, governmental
or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings pending, nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, to which the Company or a Subsidiary is a party or to which any property of the Company or any
Subsidiary is the subject that, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any Subsidiary, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company
to perform its obligations under this Agreement; to the Company’s knowledge, no such actions, suits or proceedings are threatened or contemplated by any governmental or regulatory authority or threatened by others that, individually or in the
aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any Subsidiary, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (i) there are no current or pending legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, actions, suits or
proceedings that are required under the Securities Act to be described in the Prospectus that are not described in the Prospectus including any Incorporated Document; and (ii) there are no contracts or other documents that are required under
the Securities Act to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that are not so filed. 
 s. Licenses and Permits. The
Company and the Subsidiaries possess or have obtained, all licenses, certificates, consents, orders, approvals, permits and other authorizations issued by, and have made all declarations and filings with, the appropriate federal, state, local or
foreign governmental or regulatory authorities that are necessary for the ownership or lease of their respective properties or the conduct of their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (the
“Permits”), except where the failure to possess, obtain or make the same would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary have received
written notice of any proceeding relating to revocation or modification of any such Permit or has any reason to believe that such Permit will not be renewed in the ordinary course, except where the failure to obtain any such renewal would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 t. No Material Defaults. Neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary has defaulted on any installment on indebtedness for borrowed money or on any rental on one or more long-term leases, which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect. The Company has not filed a report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act since the filing of its last Annual Report on Form 10-K, 

  
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indicating that it (i) has failed to pay any dividend or sinking fund installment on preferred stock or (ii) has defaulted on any installment on indebtedness for borrowed money or on
any rental on one or more long-term leases, which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

u. Certain Market Activities. Neither the Company, nor any Subsidiary, nor any of their respective directors, officers or controlling
persons has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed, or that has constituted or would reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the
Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement Shares. 
 v. Broker/Dealer Relationships. Neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary or any related entities (i) is required to register as a “broker” or “dealer” in accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Act or (ii) directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls
or is a “person associated with a member” or “associated person of a member” (within the meaning set forth in the FINRA Manual). 

w. No Reliance. The Company has not relied upon FBR or legal counsel for FBR for any legal, tax or accounting advice in connection with
the offering and sale of the Placement Shares. 
 x. Taxes. The Company and the Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and
foreign tax returns which have been required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith, except where the failure to do so would not
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise disclosed in or contemplated by the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any Subsidiary which has
had, or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been or might be
asserted or threatened against it which could have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 y. Title to Real and Personal Property. The Company
and the Subsidiaries have good and valid title in fee simple to all items of real property and good and valid title to all personal property described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus as being owned by them that are material to the
businesses of the Company or such Subsidiary, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and claims, except those that (i) do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the
Subsidiaries or (ii) would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. Any real property described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus as being leased by the Company and the
Subsidiaries is held by them under valid, existing and enforceable leases, except those that (A) do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company or the Subsidiaries or (B) would not be
reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

  
 12 







 z. Intellectual Property. The Company and the Subsidiaries own or possess adequate
enforceable rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks (both registered and unregistered), service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses and
know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”),
necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as conducted as of the date hereof, except to the extent that the failure to own or possess adequate rights to use such Intellectual Property would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; the Company and the Subsidiaries have not received any written notice of any claim of infringement or conflict which asserted Intellectual Property rights of others, which infringement or
conflict, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, would result in a Material Adverse Effect; there are no pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened judicial proceedings or interference proceedings against the Company or its
Subsidiaries challenging the Company’s or any of its Subsidiary’s rights in or to or the validity of the scope of any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s patents, patent applications or proprietary information; no other entity
or individual has any right or claim in any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiary’s patents, patent applications or any patent to be issued therefrom by virtue of any contract, license or other agreement entered into between such
entity or individual and the Company or any Subsidiary or by any non-contractual obligation, other than by written licenses granted by the Company or any Subsidiary; the Company and the Subsidiaries have not
received any written notice of any claim challenging the rights of the Company or its Subsidiaries in or to any Intellectual Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company or any Subsidiary which claim, if the subject of an unfavorable decision
would result in a Material Adverse Effect. 
 aa. Environmental Laws. The Company and the Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with
any and all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules, regulations, decisions and orders relating to the protection of human health and safety, the environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants
(collectively, “Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received and are in compliance with all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses as described in
the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; and (iii) have not received notice of any actual or potential liability for the investigation or remediation of any disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or
contaminants, except, in the case of any of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above, for any such failure to comply or failure to receive required permits, licenses, other approvals or liability as would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 bb. Disclosure Controls. The Company maintains systems of internal
accounting controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for
assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting (other than as
set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus). Since the date of the latest audited financial statements of the Company included in the Prospectus, there has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting
that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s 

  
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internal control over financial reporting (other than as set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus). The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15) for the Company and designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the Company
and the Subsidiaries is made known to the certifying officers by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as the case may be, is being prepared. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date
of the Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its Form 10-K for the fiscal year
most recently ended the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the most recent Evaluation Date. Since the most recent Evaluation Date, there have been
no significant changes in the Company’s internal controls (as such term is defined in Item 307(b) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act) or, to the Company’s knowledge, in other factors that
could significantly affect the Company’s internal controls. To the knowledge of the Company, the Company’s “internal controls over financial reporting” and “disclosure controls and procedures” are effective. 

cc. Sarbanes-Oxley Act. There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of the
Company’s directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply with any applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Each of the principal executive officer and the principal
financial officer of the Company (or each former principal executive officer of the Company and each former principal financial officer of the Company as applicable) has made all certifications required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act with respect to all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it or furnished by it to the Commission during the past 12 months. For purposes of the preceding sentence, “principal executive
officer” and “principal financial officer” shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15. 

dd. Finder’s Fees. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has incurred any liability for any finder’s fees, brokerage
commissions or similar payments in connection with the transactions herein contemplated, except as may otherwise exist with respect to FBR pursuant to this Agreement. 

ee. Labor Disputes. No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of the Company or any Subsidiary exists or, to the knowledge of
the Company, is threatened which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. 
 ff. Investment Company Act.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is or, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Placement Shares, will be an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company,” as such terms are
defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). 
 gg. Operations. The
operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the
money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions to which the Company or the 

  
 14 







 
Subsidiaries are subject, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency
(collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), except as would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or
any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened. 

hh. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. There are no transactions, arrangements and other
relationships between and/or among the Company, and/or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its affiliates and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not limited to, any structured finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity (each, an
“Off Balance Sheet Transaction”) that could reasonably be expected to affect materially the Company’s liquidity or the availability of or requirements for its capital resources, including those Off Balance Sheet Transactions
described in the Commission’s Statement about Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations (Release Nos. 33-8056;
34-45321; FR-61), required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which have not been described as required. 

ii. Underwriter Agreements. The Company is not a party to any agreement with an agent or underwriter for any other “at the
market” or continuous equity transaction. 
 jj. ERISA. To the knowledge of the Company, each material employee benefit plan,
within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is maintained, administered or contributed to by the Company or any of its affiliates for employees or former
employees of the Company and the Subsidiaries has been maintained in material compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); no prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred which would result in a material liability to the Company with respect to
any such plan excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; and for each such plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, no “accumulated funding
deficiency” as defined in Section 412 of the Code has been incurred, whether or not waived, and the fair market value of the assets of each such plan (excluding for these purposes accrued but unpaid contributions) exceeds the present value
of all benefits accrued under such plan determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions. 
 kk. Forward-Looking Statements. No
forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) (a “Forward- Looking Statement”) contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus has been made or
reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith. The Forward- Looking Statements incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended (i) except for any Forward-Looking Statement included in any financial statements and notes thereto, are within the coverage of the safe harbor for forward looking
statements set forth in Section 27A of the Securities Act, Rule 175(b) under the Securities Act or 

  
 15 







 
Rule 3b-6 under the Exchange Act, as applicable, (ii) were made by the Company with a reasonable basis and in good faith and reflect the
Company’s good faith commercially reasonable best estimate of the matters described therein as of the respective dates on which such statements were made, and (iii) have been prepared in accordance with Item 10 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. 
 ll. Margin Rules. Neither the issuance, sale and delivery of the
Placement Shares nor the application of the proceeds thereof by the Company as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. 

mm. Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries carry, or are covered by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as the
Company and the Subsidiaries reasonably believe are adequate for the conduct of their business and as is customary for companies of similar size engaged in similar businesses in similar industries. 

nn. No Improper Practices. (i) Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, the Subsidiaries, nor to the
Company’s knowledge, any of their respective executive officers has, in the past five years, made any unlawful contributions to any candidate for any political office (or failed fully to disclose any contribution in violation of law) or made
any contribution or other payment to any official of, or candidate for, any federal, state, municipal, or foreign office or other person charged with similar public or quasi-public duty in violation of any law or of the character required to be
disclosed in the Prospectus; (ii) no relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, the Subsidiaries or any affiliate of any of them, on the one hand, and the directors, officers and
stockholders of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, the Subsidiaries, on the other hand, that is required by the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that is not so described; (iii) no
relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or the Subsidiaries or any affiliate of them, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders or directors of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, the
Subsidiaries, on the other hand, that is required by the rules of FINRA to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that is not so described; (iv) there are no material outstanding loans or advances or material guarantees
of indebtedness by the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, the Subsidiaries to or for the benefit of any of their respective officers or directors or any of the members of the families of any of them; and (v) the Company has not
offered, or caused any placement agent to offer, Common Stock to any person with the intent to influence unlawfully (A) a customer or supplier of the Company or the Subsidiaries to alter the customer’s or supplier’s level or type of
business with the Company or the Subsidiaries or (B) a trade journalist or publication to write or publish favorable information about the Company or the Subsidiaries or any of their respective products or services, and, (vi) neither the
Company nor the Subsidiaries nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any employee or agent of the Company or the Subsidiaries has made any payment of funds of the Company or the Subsidiaries or received or retained any funds in violation of any law,
rule or regulation (including, without limitation, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977), which payment, receipt or retention of funds is of a character required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus. 

  
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 oo. Status Under the Securities Act. The Company was not and is not an ineligible issuer
as defined in Rule 405 at the times specified in Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act in connection with the offering of the Placement Shares. 

pp. No Misstatement or Omission in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus. Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as of its issue date and as
of each Applicable Time (as defined in Section 25 below), did not, does not and will not include any information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus,
including any incorporated document deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified. The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with
written information furnished to the Company by FBR specifically for use therein. 
 qq. No Conflicts. Neither the execution of this
Agreement, nor the issuance, offering or sale of the Placement Shares, nor the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated herein and therein, nor the compliance by the Company with the terms and provisions hereof and thereof will conflict
with, or will result in a breach of, any of the terms and provisions of, or has constituted or will constitute a default under, or has resulted in or will result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or
assets of the Company pursuant to the terms of any contract or other agreement to which the Company may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject, except (i) such conflicts, breaches or defaults as may have
been waived and (ii) such conflicts, breaches and defaults that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; nor will such action result (x) in any violation of the provisions of the organizational or governing
documents of the Company, or (y) in any material violation of the provisions of any statute or any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or of any court or of any federal, state or other regulatory authority or other government
body having jurisdiction over the Company, except where such violation would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

rr. Compliance with Applicable Laws. The Company and the Subsidiaries: (A) are and at all times have been in material compliance
with all statutes, rules and regulations applicable to the ownership, testing, development, manufacture, packaging, processing, use, distribution, marketing, labeling, promotion, sale, offer for sale, storage, import, export or disposal of any
product under development, manufactured or distributed by the Company or the Subsidiaries (“Applicable Laws”), (b) have not received any Form 483 from the FDA, notice of adverse finding, warning letter, or other similar written
correspondence or notice from the FDA, the European Medicines Agency (the “EMA”), or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority alleging or asserting material noncompliance with any Applicable
Laws or any licenses, certificates, approvals, clearances, authorizations, permits and supplements or amendments thereto required by any such Applicable Laws (“Authorizations”), which would, individually or in the aggregate, result
in a Material Adverse Effect; (C) possess all material Authorizations and such Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and neither the Company nor the Subsidiaries is in material violation of any term of any such Authorizations;
(D) have not received written notice of any claim, action, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from the FDA, the EMA, or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory
authority or third party alleging that any Company product, operation or activity is in material violation of any Applicable Laws 

  
 17 







 
or Authorizations and has no knowledge that the FDA, the EMA, or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority or third party is considering any such claim,
litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding against the Company; (E) have not received notice that the FDA, EMA, or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority has taken, is taking or
intends to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any material Authorizations and has no knowledge that the FDA, EMA, or any other federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authority is considering such action; and
(F) have filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations except where the failure to
file such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments would not result in a Material Adverse Effect, and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records,
claims, submissions and supplements or amendments were materially complete and correct on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission). 

ss. Clinical Studies. All animal and other preclinical studies and clinical trials conducted by the Company or on behalf of the Company
were, and, if still pending are, to the Company’s knowledge, being conducted in all material respects in compliance with all Applicable Laws and in accordance with experimental protocols, procedures and controls generally used by qualified
experts in the preclinical study and clinical trials of new drugs and biologics as applied to comparable products to those being developed by the Company; the descriptions of the results of such preclinical studies and clinical trials contained in
the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are accurate in all material respects, and, except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company has no knowledge of any other clinical trials or preclinical studies, the
results of which reasonably call into question the clinical trial or preclinical study results described or referred to in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus when viewed in the context in which such results are described; and the Company
has not received any written notices or correspondence from the FDA, the EMA, or any other domestic or foreign governmental agency requiring the termination or suspension of any preclinical studies or clinical trials conducted by or on behalf of the
Company that are described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or the results of which are referred to in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. 

tt. Compliance Program. The Company has established and administers a compliance program applicable to the Company, to assist the
Company and the directors, officers and employees of the Company in complying with applicable regulatory guidelines (including, without limitation, those administered by the FDA, the EMA, and any other foreign, federal, state or local governmental
or regulatory authority performing functions similar to those performed by the FDA or EMA); except where such noncompliance would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

uu. OFAC. 
 (i) The
Company represents that, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary (collectively, the “Entity”) or any director, officer, employee, agent, affiliate or representative of the Entity, is a government, individual, or entity (in this
paragraph (uu), 
 “Person”) that is, or is owned or controlled by a Person that is: 

  
 18 







 (a) the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department
of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), the United Nations Security Council (“UNSC”), the European Union (“EU”), Her Majesty’s Treasury (“HMT”), or other
relevant sanctions authority (collectively, “Sanctions”), nor 
 (b) located, organized or resident in a
country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions. 
 (ii) The Entity represents and covenants that it will not, directly or indirectly,
knowingly use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person: 

(a) to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory that, at the time of
such funding or facilitation, is the subject of Sanctions; or 
 (b) in any other manner that will result in a violation of
Sanctions by any Person (including any Person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise). 

(iii) The Entity represents and covenants that, except as detailed in the Prospectus, for the past 5 years, it has not knowingly engaged in,
is not now knowingly engaged in, and will not engage in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject of Sanctions. 

vv. Reserved. 
 ww. Stock
Transfer Taxes. On each Settlement Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the sale and transfer of the Placement Shares to be sold hereunder will be, or will have been,
fully paid or provided for by the Company and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been fully complied with by the Company. 

Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to FBR or to counsel for FBR pursuant to or in connection with this
Agreement shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company, as applicable, to FBR as to the matters set forth therein. 

7. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants and agrees with FBR that: 

a. Registration Statement Amendments. After the date of this Agreement and during any period in which a prospectus relating to any
Placement Shares is required to be delivered by FBR under the Securities Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act) (the “Prospectus Delivery Period”) (i)
the Company will notify FBR promptly of the time when any subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement, other than documents incorporated by reference or 

  
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amendments not related to any Placement, has been filed with the Commission and/or has become effective or any subsequent supplement to the Prospectus has been filed and of any request by the
Commission for any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus related to the Placement or for additional information related to the Placement, (ii) the Company will prepare and file with the Commission, promptly upon
FBR’s request, any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that, in FBR’s reasonable opinion, may be necessary or advisable in connection with the distribution of the Placement Shares by FBR (provided,
however, that the failure of FBR to make such request shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect FBR’s right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement and
provided, further, that the only remedy FBR shall have with respect to the failure to make such filing shall be to cease making sales under this Agreement until such amendment or supplement is filed); (iii) the Company will not file any amendment or
supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares or a security convertible into the Placement Shares unless a copy thereof has been submitted to FBR within a reasonable period of time before the filing and FBR
has not reasonably objected thereto (provided, however, that (A) the failure of FBR to make such objection shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect FBR’s right to rely on the representations
and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement and (B) the Company has no obligation to provide FBR any advance copy of such filing or to provide FBR an opportunity to object to such filing if the filing does not name FBR or does not
relate to the transaction herein provided; and provided, further, that the only remedy FBR shall have with respect to the failure by the Company to obtain such consent shall be to cease making sales under this Agreement) and the Company will furnish
to FBR at the time of filing thereof a copy of any document that upon filing is deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or Prospectus, except for those documents available via EDGAR; and (iv) the Company will
cause each amendment or supplement to the Prospectus to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act or, in the case of any document to be incorporated therein by reference, to be
filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the Exchange Act, within the time period prescribed (the determination to file or not file any amendment or supplement with the Commission under this Section 7(a), based on the Company’s
reasonable opinion or reasonable objections, shall be made exclusively by the Company). 
 b. Notice of Commission Stop Orders. The
Company will advise FBR, promptly after it receives notice or obtains knowledge thereof, of the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, of the suspension of the
qualification of the Placement Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose; and it will promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any
stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued. The Company will advise FBR promptly after it receives any request by the Commission for any amendments to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplements to
the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information related to the offering of the Placement Shares or for additional information related to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus. 

  
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 c. Delivery of Prospectus; Subsequent Changes. During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the
Company will comply with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act, as from time to time in force, and will file on or before their respective due dates all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed
by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, 15(d) or any other provision of or under the Exchange Act. If the Company has omitted any information from the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430A under the
Securities Act, it will use its commercially reasonable efforts to comply with the provisions of and make all requisite filings with the Commission pursuant to said Rule 430A and to notify FBR promptly of all such filings. If during the Prospectus
Delivery Period any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such Prospectus Delivery Period it is necessary to amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act, the Company will promptly notify FBR to
suspend the offering of Placement Shares during such period and the Company will promptly amend or supplement the Registration Statement or Prospectus (at the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such
compliance; provided, however, that the Company may delay the filing of any amendment or supplement, if in the judgment of the Company, it is in the best interest of the Company. 

d. Listing of Placement Shares. During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause
the Placement Shares to be listed on the Exchange and to qualify the Placement Shares for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions in the United States as FBR reasonably designates and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as
required for the distribution of the Placement Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or dealer in securities or file a general consent to service of
process in any jurisdiction. 
 e. Delivery of Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company will furnish to FBR and its counsel
(at the reasonable expense of the Company) copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (including all documents incorporated by reference therein) and all amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that are filed
with the Commission during the Prospectus Delivery Period (including all documents filed with the Commission during such period that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein), in each case as soon as reasonably practicable and in such
quantities as FBR may from time to time reasonably request and, at FBR’s request, will also furnish copies of the Prospectus to each exchange or market on which sales of the Placement Shares may be made; provided, however, that the
Company shall not be required to furnish any document (other than the Prospectus) to FBR to the extent such document is available on EDGAR. 

f. Earnings Statement. The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but in any event not
later than 15 months after the end of the Company’s current fiscal quarter, an earnings statement covering a 12- month period that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 of the Securities
Act. 
 g. Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the Net Proceeds as described in the Prospectus in the section entitled “Use of
Proceeds.” 

  
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 h. Notice of Other Sales. Without the prior written consent of FBR, during the term of the
Agreement, the Company will not, directly or indirectly, offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of any Common Stock (other than the Placement Shares offered pursuant to this Agreement) or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire, Common Stock during the period beginning on the date on which any Placement Notice is delivered to FBR hereunder and ending on the third (3rd) Trading
Day immediately following the final Settlement Date with respect to Placement Shares sold pursuant to such Placement Notice (or, if the Placement Notice has been terminated or suspended prior to the sale of all Placement Shares covered by a
Placement Notice, the date of such suspension or termination); and will not directly or indirectly in any other “at the market” or continuous equity transaction offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise
dispose of any Common Stock (other than the Placement Shares offered pursuant to this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire, Common Stock prior to the termination of
this Agreement; provided, however, that such restrictions will not be required in connection with the Company’s issuance or sale of (i) Common Stock, options to purchase Common Stock or Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of
options, pursuant to any employee or director stock option or benefits plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan (but not Common Stock subject to a waiver to exceed plan limits in its dividend reinvestment plan) of the Company whether
now in effect or hereafter implemented; (ii) Common Stock issuable upon conversion of securities or the exercise of warrants, options or other rights in effect or outstanding, and disclosed in filings by the Company available on EDGAR or
otherwise in writing to FBR, and (iii) Common Stock, or securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock, offered and sold in a privately negotiated transaction to vendors, customers, strategic partners or potential strategic
partners or other investors conducted in a manner so as not to be integrated with the offering of Common Stock hereby. 
 i. Change of
Circumstances. The Company will, at any time during the pendency of a Placement Notice advise FBR promptly after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter or affect in any material
respect any opinion, certificate, letter or other document required to be provided to FBR pursuant to this Agreement. 
 j. Due Diligence
Cooperation. During the term of this Agreement, the Company will cooperate with any reasonable due diligence review conducted by FBR or its representatives in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation,
providing information and making available documents and senior corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company’s principal offices, as FBR may reasonably request. 

k. Required Filings Relating to Placement of Placement Shares. The Company agrees that on such dates as the Securities Act shall
require, the Company will (i) file a prospectus supplement with the Commission under the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (each and every filing under Rule 424(b), a “Filing Date”), which prospectus
supplement will set forth, within the relevant period, the amount of Placement Shares 

  
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sold through FBR, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation payable by the Company to FBR with respect to such Placement Shares, and (ii) deliver such number of copies of each
such prospectus supplement to each exchange or market on which such sales were effected as may be required by the rules or regulations of such exchange or market. 

l. Representation Dates; Certificate. Each time during the term of this Agreement that the Company: 

(i) amends or supplements (other than a prospectus supplement relating solely to an offering of securities other than the Placement Shares)
the Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares by means of a post-effective amendment, sticker, or supplement but not by means of incorporation of documents by reference into the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares; 
 (ii) files an annual report on Form 10-K under the
Exchange Act (including any Form 10-K/A containing amended financial information or a material amendment to the previously filed Form 10-K); 

(iii) files its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act; or 

(iv) files a current report on Form 8-K containing amended financial information (other than
information “furnished” pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or to provide disclosure pursuant to Item 8.01 of Form 8-K relating to the reclassification
of certain properties as discontinued operations in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144) under the Exchange Act; 

(Each date of filing of one or more of the documents referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) shall be a “Representation Date.”) 

the Company shall furnish FBR (but in the case of clause (iv) above only if FBR determines that the information contained in such Form 8-K is material and so advises the Company in writing) with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(1). The requirement to provide a certificate under this Section 7(1)
shall be waived for any Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Placement Notice is pending, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers a Placement Notice hereunder (which for such
calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation Date on which the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) upon
the delivery of the first Placement Notice hereunder and (ii) if the Company subsequently decides to sell Placement Shares following a Representation Date when the Company relied on such waiver and did not provide FBR with a certificate under
this Section 7(1), then before FBR sells any Placement Shares, the Company shall provide FBR with a certificate, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(1), dated the date of the Placement Notice. 

m. Legal Opinion. On or prior to the date of the first Placement Notice given hereunder the Company shall cause to be furnished to FBR
written opinions and a negative assurance letter of Dentons US LLP (“Company Counsel”), or other counsel reasonably satisfactory to FBR, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(m)(1) and 7(m)(2), respectively.


  
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Thereafter, within five (5) Trading Days of each Representation Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver a certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(l) for
which no waiver is applicable, and not more than once per calendar quarter, the Company shall cause to be furnished to FBR a written letter of Company Counsel in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(m)(2), modified, as necessary, to relate to the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented; provided that, in lieu of such negative assurance for subsequent periodic filings under the Exchange Act, counsel may furnish FBR with a letter (a “Reliance
Letter”) to the effect that FBR may rely on the negative assurance letter previously delivered under this Section 7(m) to the same extent as if it were dated the date of such letter (except that statements in such prior letter shall be
deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented as of the date of the Reliance Letter) 
 n.
Comfort Letter. On or prior to the date of the first Placement Notice given hereunder and within five (5) Trading Days after each subsequent Representation Date, other than pursuant to Section 7(l)(iii), the Company shall cause
its independent accountants to furnish FBR letters (the “Comfort Letters”), dated the date the Comfort Letter is delivered, which shall meet the requirements set forth in this Section 7(n); provided, that if requested by
FBR, the Company shall cause a Comfort Letter to be furnished to FBR within ten (10) Trading Days of such request following the date of occurrence of any restatement of the Company’s financial statements. The Comfort Letter from the
Company’s independent accountants shall be in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to FBR, (i) confirming that they are an independent public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act and the PCAOB,
(ii) stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters in connection with
registered public offerings (the first such letter, the “Initial Comfort Letter”) and (iii) updating the Initial Comfort Letter with any information that would have been included in the Initial Comfort Letter had it been given
on such date and modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter. 

o. Market Activities. The Company will not, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action designed to cause or result in, or that
constitutes or would reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of Common Stock or (ii) sell, bid for, or purchase Common Stock in
violation of Regulation M, or pay anyone any compensation for soliciting purchases of the Placement Shares other than FBR. 
 p.
Investment Company Act. The Company will conduct its affairs in such a manner so as to reasonably ensure that neither it nor the Subsidiaries will be or become, at any time prior to the termination of this Agreement, an “investment
company,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act. 
 q. No Offer to Sell. Other than an Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus approved in advance by the Company and FBR in its capacity as agent hereunder pursuant to Section 23, neither FBR nor the Company (including its agents and representatives, other than FBR in their capacity as such) will make,
use, prepare, authorize, approve or refer to any written communication (as defined in Rule 405), required to be filed with the Commission, that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy Placement Shares hereunder. 

  
 24 







 r. Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company will maintain and keep accurate books and records
reflecting its assets and maintain internal accounting controls in a manner designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with GAAP and including those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company, (ii) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, (iii) that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only
in accordance with management’s and the Company’s directors’ authorization, and (iv) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s
assets that could have a material effect on its financial statements. The Company will maintain such controls and other procedures, including, without limitation, those required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the applicable
regulations thereunder that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods
specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, including, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is
accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure
and to ensure that material information relating to the Company or the Subsidiaries is made known to them by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which such periodic reports are being prepared. 

8. Representations and Covenants of FBR. FBR represents and warrants that it is duly registered as a broker-dealer under FINRA, the
Exchange Act and the applicable statutes and regulations of each state in which the Placement Shares will be offered and sold, except such states in which FBR is exempt from registration or such registration is not otherwise required. FBR shall
continue, for the term of this Agreement, to be duly registered as a broker-dealer under FINRA, the Exchange Act and the applicable statutes and regulations of each state in which the Placement Shares will be offered and sold, except such states in
which FBR is exempt from registration or such registration is not otherwise required, during the term of this Agreement. FBR shall comply with all applicable law and regulations in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement,
including the issuance and sale through FBR of the Placement Shares. 
 9. Payment of Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses
incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including (i) the preparation, filing, including any fees required by the Commission, and printing of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits)
as originally filed and of each amendment and supplement thereto and each Free Writing Prospectus, in such number as FBR shall deem reasonably necessary, (ii) the printing and delivery to FBR of this Agreement and such other documents as may be
required in connection with the offering, purchase, sale, issuance or 

  
 25 







 
delivery of the Placement Shares, (iii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificates, if any, for the Placement Shares to FBR, including any stock or other transfer taxes and
any capital duties, stamp duties or other duties or taxes payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the Placement Shares to FBR, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the counsel, accountants and other advisors to the Company, (v) the
fees and disbursements of counsel to FBR up to $15,000; (vi) the fees and expenses of the transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock, (vii) the filing fees incident to any review by FINRA of the terms of the sale of the Placement Shares,
and (viii) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Placement Shares on the Exchange. 
 10. Conditions
to FBR’s Obligations. The obligations of FBR hereunder with respect to a Placement will be subject to the continuing accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties made by the Company herein, to the due performance by the
Company of its obligations hereunder, to the completion by FBR of a due diligence review satisfactory to it in its reasonable judgment, and to the continuing satisfaction (or waiver by FBR in its sole discretion) of the following additional
conditions: 
 a. Registration Statement Effective. The Registration Statement shall have become effective and shall be available for
the sale of all Placement Shares contemplated to be issued by any Placement Notice. 
 b. No Material Notices. None of the following
events shall have occurred and be continuing: (i) receipt by the Company of any request for additional information from the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of effectiveness of the Registration
Statement, the response to which would require any post-effective amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus; (ii) the issuance by the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop
order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iii) receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from
qualification of any of the Placement Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; or (iv) the occurrence of any event that makes any material
statement made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any material document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus or documents so that, in the case of the Registration Statement, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make
the statements therein not misleading and, that in the case of the Prospectus, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 
 c. No Misstatement or Material
Omission. FBR shall not have advised the Company that the Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, contains an untrue statement of fact that in FBR’s reasonable opinion is material, or omits to state a
fact that in FBR’s reasonable opinion is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. 

  
 26 







 d. Material Changes. Except as contemplated in the Prospectus, or disclosed in the
Company’s reports filed with the Commission, there shall not have been any Material Adverse Effect, or any development that could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Effect, or a downgrading in or withdrawal of the rating
assigned to any of the Company’s securities (other than asset backed securities) by any rating organization or a public announcement by any rating organization that it has under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company’s
securities (other than asset backed securities), the effect of which, in the case of any such action by a rating organization described above, in the reasonable judgment of FBR (without relieving the Company of any obligation or liability it may
otherwise have), is so material as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering of the Placement Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus. 

e. Legal Opinion. FBR shall have received the opinions and negative assurances of Company Counsel required to be delivered pursuant
Section 7(m) on or before the date on which such delivery of such opinions are required pursuant to Section 7(m). 
 f.
Comfort Letter. FBR shall have received the Comfort Letter required to be delivered pursuant Section 7(n) on or before the date on which such delivery of such letter is required pursuant to Section 7(n). 

g. Representation Certificate. FBR shall have received the certificate required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7(1) on
or before the date on which delivery of such certificate is required pursuant to Section 7(1). 
 h. Secretary’s
Certificate. On or prior to the first Representation Date, FBR shall have received a certificate, signed on behalf of the Company by its corporate Secretary, in form and substance satisfactory to FBR and its counsel.  

i. No Suspension. Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended on the Exchange and the Common Stock shall not have been
delisted from the Exchange. 
 j. Other Materials. On each date on which the Company is required to deliver a certificate pursuant to
Section 7(1), the Company shall have furnished to FBR such appropriate further information, certificates and documents as FBR may reasonably request. All such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents will be in compliance with
the provisions hereof. The Company will furnish FBR with such conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and other documents as FBR shall reasonably request. 

k. Securities Act Filings Made. All filings with the Commission required by Rule 424 under the Securities Act to have been filed prior
to the issuance of any Placement Notice hereunder shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424. 

l. Approval for Listing. The Placement Shares shall either have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to notice of
issuance, or the Company shall have filed an application for listing of the Placement Shares on the Exchange at, or prior to, the issuance of any Placement Notice. 
  

  
 27 







 m. No Termination Event. There shall not have occurred any event that would permit FBR to
terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 13(a) that has not been waived by FBR. 
 11. Indemnification and Contribution.

 (a) Company Indemnification. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless FBR, its partners, members, directors, officers,
employees and agents and each person, if any, who controls FBR within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act as follows: 

(i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, joint or several, arising out of or based upon any
untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make
the statements therein not misleading, or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in any related Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or the
omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; 

(ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, joint or several, to the extent of the aggregate
amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue
statement or omission; provided that (subject to Section 11(d) below) any such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be delayed or withheld; and 

(iii) against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred (including the fees and disbursements of counsel), reasonably incurred in
investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such
alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above, 
 provided, however, that this
indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made solely in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished to the Company by FBR expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or in any related Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). 

(b) FBR Indemnification. FBR agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its directors and each officer of the Company who
signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who (i) controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act or (ii) is controlled by or is under


  
 28 







 
common control with the Company against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in Section 11(a), as incurred, but only with respect to
untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendments thereto) or in any related Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in
reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to FBR and furnished to the Company in writing by FBR expressly for use therein. 

(c) Procedure. Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this Section 11 will, promptly after
receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim is to be made against an indemnifying party or parties under this Section 11, notify each such indemnifying party of the commencement of such
action, enclosing a copy of all papers served, but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party will not relieve the indemnifying party from (i) any liability that it might have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this
Section 11 and (ii) any liability that it may have to any indemnified party under the foregoing provision of this Section 11 unless, and only to the extent that, such omission results in the forfeiture of substantive
rights or defenses by the indemnifying party. If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of its commencement, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in and, to the extent that
it elects by delivering written notice to the indemnified party promptly after receiving notice of the commencement of the action from the indemnified party, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense of the
action, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense, the indemnifying party will not be liable to the indemnified party
for any legal or other expenses except as provided below and except for the reasonable costs of investigation subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense. The indemnified party will have the right to employ its own
counsel in any such action, but the fees, expenses and other charges of such counsel will be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (1) the employment of counsel by the indemnified party has been authorized in writing by the
indemnifying party, (2) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or in addition to those available to the
indemnifying party, (3) a conflict or potential conflict exists (based on advice of counsel to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have the right to
direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party) or (4) the indemnifying party has not in fact employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the
action, in each of which cases the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel and other expenses and costs actually incurred will be at the expense of the indemnifying party or parties. It is understood that the indemnifying party
or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate firm admitted to practice in such jurisdiction at
any one time for all such indemnified party or parties. All such fees, disbursements and other charges will be reimbursed by the indemnifying party promptly after the indemnifying party receives a written invoice relating to fees, disbursements and
other charges in reasonable detail. An indemnifying party will not, in any event, be liable for any settlement of any action or claim effected without its written consent. No indemnifying party shall, without the


  
 29 







 
prior written consent of each indemnified party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action or proceeding relating to the matters
contemplated by this Section 11 (whether or not any indemnified party is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (1) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out
of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (2) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party. 

(d) Contribution. In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in
the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 11 is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Company or FBR, the Company and FBR will contribute to the total losses, claims, liabilities,
expenses and damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting any contribution
received by the Company from persons other than FBR, such as persons who control the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors of the Company,
who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Company and FBR may be subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and FBR on the other hand. The relative benefits
received by the Company on the one hand and FBR on the other hand shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total Net Proceeds from the sale of the Placement Shares (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total
compensation received by FBR (before deducting expenses) from the sale of Placement Shares on behalf of the Company. If, but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable law, the allocation of
contribution shall be made in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and FBR, on the other hand, with respect to
the statements or omission that resulted in such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering. Such relative fault shall be determined
by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or FBR, the intent of the parties and
their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and FBR agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 11(d) were to be
determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, liability,
expense, or damage, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 11(d) shall be deemed to include, for the purpose of this Section 11(d), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in
connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim to the extent consistent with Section 11(c) hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11(d), FBR shall not be required to contribute any amount
in excess of the commissions received by it under this Agreement and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) will be entitled to contribution from any person who was not
guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section 11(d), any person who controls a party 

  
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to this Agreement within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, and any officers, directors, partners, employees or agents of FBR, will have the same rights to contribution as
that party, and each officer and director of the Company who signed the Registration Statement will have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject in each case to the provisions hereof. Any party entitled to contribution, promptly
after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this Section 11(d), will notify any such party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the
omission to so notify will not relieve that party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this Section 11(d) except to the extent that the failure to so notify such other party
materially prejudiced the substantive rights or defenses of the party from whom contribution is sought. Except for a settlement entered into pursuant to the last sentence of Section 11(c) hereof, no party will be liable for contribution with
respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent if such consent is required pursuant to Section 11(c) hereof. 

12. Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery. The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in Section 11 of this
Agreement and all representations and warranties of the Company herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive, as of their respective dates, regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of FBR, any controlling
persons, or the Company (or any of their respective officers, directors or controlling persons), (ii) delivery and acceptance of the Placement Shares and payment therefor or (iii) any termination of this Agreement. 

13. Termination. 
 a. FBR
may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, as hereinafter specified at any time (1) if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the date as of which information is given in the Prospectus, any Material
Adverse Effect, or any development that is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect or, in the sole judgment of FBR, is material and adverse and makes it impractical or inadvisable to market the Placement Shares or to enforce contracts
for the sale of the Placement Shares, (2) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other
calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of FBR, impracticable or
inadvisable to market the Placement Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Placement Shares, (3) if trading in the Common Stock has been suspended or limited by the Commission or the Exchange, or if trading generally on the Exchange
has been suspended or limited, or minimum prices for trading have been fixed on the Exchange, (4) if any suspension of trading of any securities of the Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market shall have occurred and be continuing, (5) if a major disruption of securities settlements or clearance services in the United States shall have occurred and be continuing, or
(6) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either U.S. Federal or New York authorities. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 9 (Payment of
Expenses), Section 11 (Indemnification and Contribution), Section 12 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 18 (Governing Law and Time; Waiver of Jury Trial) and Section 19
(Consent to Jurisdiction) hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. If FBR elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section 13(a), FBR shall provide the required notice as specified in
Section 14 (Notices). 

  
 31 







 b. The Company shall have the right, by giving ten (10) days notice as hereinafter specified
to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 9 (Payment of
Expenses), Section 11 (Indemnification and Contribution), Section 12 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 18 (Governing Law and Time; Waiver of Jury Trial) and Section 19
(Consent to Jurisdiction) hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. 
 c. FBR shall have the right, by
giving ten (10) days notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that
the provisions of Section 9 (Payment of Expenses), Section 11 (Indemnification and Contribution), Section 12 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 18 (Governing Law and Time;
Waiver of Jury Trial) and Section 19 (Consent to Jurisdiction) hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. 

d. Unless earlier terminated pursuant to this Section 13, this Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the issuance and sale
of all of the Placement Shares through FBR on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein except that the provisions of Section 9 (Payment of Expenses), Section 11 (Indemnification and Contribution),
Section 12 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 18 (Governing Law and Time; Waiver of Jury Trial) and Section 19 (Consent to Jurisdiction) hereof shall remain in full force and effect
notwithstanding such termination. 
 e. This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to Sections
13(a), (b), (c), or (d) above or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; provided, however, that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 9
(Payment of Expenses), Section 11 (Indemnification and Contribution), Section 12 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 18 (Governing Law and Time; Waiver of Jury Trial) and
Section 19 (Consent to Jurisdiction) shall remain in full force and effect. Upon termination of this Agreement, the Company shall not have any liability to FBR for any discount, commission or other compensation with respect to any
Placement Shares not otherwise sold by FBR under this Agreement. 
 f. Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date
specified in such notice of termination; provided, however, that such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by FBR or the Company, as the case may be. If such termination shall
occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Placement Shares, such Placement Shares shall settle in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. 

  
 32 







 14. Notices. All notices or other communications required or permitted to be given by any
party to any other party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall be in writing, unless otherwise specified, and if sent to FBR, shall be delivered to: 

FBR Capital Markets & Co. 

1300 North 17th Street 
 Suite
1400 
 Arlington, Virginia 22209 

Attention:       Legal Department 

Telephone:     (703) 312-9500 

Email: atmdesk@fbr.com 
 with a copy to: 

Duane Morris LLP 
 One
Riverfront Plaza 
 1037 Raymond Boulevard, Suite 1800 

Newark, New Jersey 07102-5429 

Attention:       James T. Seery 

Telephone:     (973) 424-2088 

Email: jtseery@duanemorris.com 
 and if to the
Company, shall be delivered to: 
 Galectin Therapeutics Inc. 

4960 Peachtree Industrial Blvd., Suite 240 

Norcross, GA 30071 Attention: Jack W. Callicutt Telephone: (470) 299-4724 

Email: callicutt@galectintherapeutics.com 
 with
a copy to: 
 Dentons LLP 

303 Peachtree Street, NE Suite 5300 

Atlanta, Georgia 30308 

Attention: Robert Tritt, Esq. 

Telephone: (404) 527-8130 

Email: robert.tritt@dentons.com 

Each party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address
for such purpose. Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed received (i) when delivered personally, by email, or by verifiable facsimile transmission (with an original to follow) on or before 4:30 p.m., New York City time, on a
Business Day or, if such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day, (ii) on the next Business Day after timely delivery to a nationally-recognized overnight courier and (iii) on the Business Day actually received if
deposited in the U.S. mail (certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid). For purposes of this Agreement, “Business Day” shall mean any day on which the Exchange and commercial banks in the City of New
York are open for business. 

  
 33 







 An electronic communication (“Electronic Notice”) shall be deemed written notice
for purposes of this Section 14 if sent to the electronic mail address specified by the receiving party under separate cover. Electronic Notice shall be deemed received at the time the party sending Electronic Notice
receives confirmation of receipt by the receiving party. Any party receiving Electronic Notice may request and shall be entitled to receive the notice on paper, in a nonelectronic form (“Nonelectronic Notice”) which shall be sent to
the requesting party within ten (10) days of receipt of the written request for Nonelectronic Notice. 
 15. Successors and
Assigns. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and FBR and their respective successors and the affiliates, controlling persons, officers and directors. References to any of the parties contained in this
Agreement shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted
assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. Neither party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the prior written consent
of the other party. 
 16. Adjustments for Stock Splits. The parties acknowledge and agree that all share-related numbers contained in
this Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any share consolidation, stock split, stock dividend, corporate domestication or similar event effected with respect to the Placement Shares. 

17. Entire Agreement; Amendment; Severability. This Agreement (including all schedules and exhibits attached hereto and Placement
Notices issued pursuant hereto) constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. Neither this
Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended except pursuant to a written instrument executed by the Company and FBR. In the event that any one or more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is held
invalid, illegal or unenforceable as written by a court of competent jurisdiction, then such provision shall be given full force and effect to the fullest possible extent that it is valid, legal and enforceable, and the remainder of the terms and
provisions herein shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable term or provision was not contained herein, but only to the extent that giving effect to such provision and the remainder of the terms and provisions hereof shall be
in accordance with the intent of the parties as reflected in this Agreement. 
 18. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. THIS
AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS. SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME. THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO
THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. 

  
 34 







 19. CONSENT TO JURISDICTION. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED
HEREBY, AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT, THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT
FORUM OR THAT THE VENUE OF SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF (CERTIFIED
OR REGISTERED MAIL, RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED) TO SUCH PARTY AT THE ADDRESS IN EFFECT FOR NOTICES TO IT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED
HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. 
 20. Use of Information. FBR
may not use any information gained in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including due diligence, to advise any party with respect to transactions not expressly approved by the Company. 

21. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of
which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed Agreement by one party to the other may be made by facsimile transmission. 

22. Effect of Headings. The section and Exhibit headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

 23. Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company represents, warrants and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of
FBR, and FBR represents, warrants and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Placement Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or that
would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 405, required to be filed with the Commission. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by FBR or by the Company, as the case may be, is hereinafter referred
to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company represents and warrants that it has treated and agrees that it will treat each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule
433, and has complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. For the purposes of clarity, the
parties hereto agree that all free writing prospectuses, if any, listed in Exhibit 23 hereto are Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses. 

24. Absence of Fiduciary Relationship. The Company acknowledges and agrees that: 

  
 35 







 a. FBR is acting solely as agent in connection with the public offering of the Placement Shares
and in connection with each transaction contemplated by this Agreement and the process leading to such transactions, and no fiduciary or advisory relationship between the Company or any of its respective affiliates, stockholders (or other equity
holders), creditors or employees or any other party, on the one hand, and FBR, on the other hand, has been or will be created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether or not FBR has advised or is
advising the Company on other matters, and FBR has no obligation to the Company with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement or as required by law; 

b. it is capable of evaluating and understanding, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement; 
 c. FBR has not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and it has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate; 
 d.
it is aware that FBR and its affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and FBR has no obligation to disclose such interests and transactions to the Company by virtue of
any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship or otherwise; and 
 e. it waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims it may
have against FBR for breach of fiduciary duty or alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the sale of Placement Shares under this Agreement and agrees that FBR shall not have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract, tort or
otherwise) to it in respect of such a fiduciary duty claim or to any person asserting a fiduciary duty claim on its behalf or in right of it or the Company, employees or creditors of Company, other than in respect of FBR’s obligations under
this Agreement and to keep information provided by the Company to FBR and FBR’s counsel confidential to the extent not otherwise publicly-available. 

25. Definitions. 
 As used
in this Agreement, the following terms have the respective meanings set forth below: 
 “Applicable Time” means
(i) each Representation Date and (ii) the time of each sale of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement. 
 “Issuer
Free Writing Prospectus” means any “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, relating to the Placement Shares that (1) is required to be filed with the Commission by the Company, (2) is a “road
show” that is a “written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i) whether or not required to be filed with the Commission, or (3) is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a description
of the Placement Shares or of the offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant
to Rule 433(g) under the Securities Act. 
 “Rule 172,” “Rule 405,” “Rule 415,”
“Rule 424,” “Rule 424(b),” “Rule 430B,” and “Rule 433” refer to such rules under the Securities Act. 

  
 36 







 All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information that
is “contained,” “included” or “stated” in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other
information that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case may be. 
 All references in this
Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR; all references in this Agreement to any Issuer Free
Writing Prospectus (other than any Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses that, pursuant to Rule 433, are not required to be filed with the Commission) shall be deemed to include the copy thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR; and all
references in this Agreement to “supplements” to the Prospectus shall include, without limitation, any supplements, “wrappers” or similar materials prepared in connection with any offering, sale or private placement of any
Placement Shares by FBR outside of the United States. 
 [Remainder of the page intentionally left blank] 

  
 37 







 If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company and FBR, 

please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and FBR. 

                       
                                         Very
truly yours, 
  

			
	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INC.


  

			
	By:	 	 /s/ Peter Traber

		 	Name:  Peter Traber
		 	Title:    CEO



                          
                                         
                                         
ACCEPTED as of the date first-above written: 
  

			
	FBR CAPITAL MARKETS & CO.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Patrice McNicoll

		 	Name:  Patrice McNicoll
		 	Title:    Co-Head of Capital Markets



  
 38 







 SCHEDULE 1 
  

 
 FORM OF
PLACEMENT NOTICE 
  
  

 

					
		 	From:	  	Galectin Therapeutics Inc.
			
		 	To:	  	FBR Capital Markets & Co.
			
		 	Attention:	  	Patrice McNicoll
			
		 	Subject:	  	At Market Issuance—Placement Notice

 Ladies and Gentlemen: 

Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the At Market Issuance Sales Agreement between Galectin Therapeutics Inc., a
Nevada corporation (the “Company”), and FBR Capital Markets & Co. (“FBR”), dated May 19, 2017, the Company hereby requests that FBR sell up to
[                                         
               ] shares of the Company’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, at a minimum market price of $per share, during the time period beginning [month, day,
time] and ending [month, day, time]. 






 SCHEDULE 2 
  

 
 Compensation

  
  

The Company shall pay to FBR in cash, upon each sale of Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement, an amount equal to 3.0% of the gross
proceeds from each sale of Placement Shares. 






 SCHEDULE 3 
  

 
 Notice
Parties 
  
  

 

			
		
	The Company	  	
		
	 Peter Traber, President, CEO and CMO
	  	traber@galectintherapeutics.com
		
	Jack Callicutt, CFO	  	callicutt@galectintherapeutics.com
		
	FBR	  	
		
	Matthew Feinberg	  	mfeinberg@fbr.com
		
	Ryan Loforte	  	rloforte@fbr.com
		
	Patrice McNicoll	  	pmcnicoll@fbr.com
		
	Keith Pompliano	  	kpompliano@fbr.com
		
	with a copy to atmdesk@fbr.com	  	







 SCHEDULE 6(g) 
  

 
 Subsidiaries

  
  

Galectin Therapeutics Security Corp. 






 EXHIBIT 7(1) 

Form of Representation Date Certificate 

                       
             , 20         

This Representation Date Certificate (this “Certificate”) is executed and delivered in connection with
Section 7(1) of the At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “Agreement”), dated May 19, 2017, and entered into between Galectin Therapeutics Inc. (the “Company”) and FBR Capital
Markets & Co. All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Agreement. 

The Company hereby certifies as follows: 

1. As of the date of this Certificate (i) the Registration Statement does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading and (ii) neither the Registration Statement nor the Prospectus contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (iii) no event has occurred as a result of which it is
necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein not untrue or misleading for this paragraph 1 to be true. 

2. Each of the representations and warranties of the Company contained in the Agreement were, when originally made, and are, as of the date of
this Certificate, true and correct in all material respects. 
 3. Except as waived by FBR in writing, each of the covenants required to be
performed by the Company in the Agreement on or prior to the date of the Agreement, this Representation Date, and each such other date prior to the date hereof as set forth in the Agreement, has been duly, timely and fully performed in all material
respects and each condition required to be complied with by the Company on or prior to the date of the Agreement, this Representation Date, and each such other date prior to the date hereof as set forth in the Agreement has been duly, timely and
fully complied with in all material respects. 
 4. Subsequent to the date of the most recent financial statements in the Prospectus, and
except as described in the Prospectus, including Incorporated Documents, there has been no Material Adverse Effect. 
 5. No stop order
suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any part thereof has been issued, and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or threatened by any securities or other governmental authority (including,
without limitation, the Commission). 






 6. No order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the qualification or
registration of the Placement Shares under the securities or Blue Sky laws of any jurisdiction are in effect and no proceeding for such purpose is pending before, or threatened, to the Company’s knowledge or in writing by, any securities or
other governmental authority (including, without limitation, the Commission). 
 The undersigned has executed this Representation Date
Certificate as of the date first written above. 
  

			
	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INC.


  

			
	By:	 	  

	Name:
	Title:








 EXHIBIT 23 

Permitted Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses 

None.