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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-20

INDUSTRY SERIES

Water Well Drilling

Special Trade Contractors

Industry 1781

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
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Census of

Construction Industries

CC92-I-20

INDUSTRY SERIES

Water Well Drilling

Special Trade Contractors

Industry 1781

U.S. Department of Commerce

Ronald H. Brown, Secretary

David J. Barram, Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Issued June 1995
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Many persons participated in the various activities of the 1992 Census of Construction

Industries. The overall planning and review of the census operations were performed by the

Economic Census Staff of the Economic Planning and Coordination Division.

This report was prepared in the Manufacturing and Construction Division. Barry A. Rappaport,

Assistant Chief for Construction and Mineral Census and Related Programs, was responsible for

the overall planning, management, and coordination of the census of construction industries.

Planning and implementation were under the direction of Patricia L. Horning, Chief, Construction

and Mineral Census Branch, with staff assistance by Juliana Van Berkum, Susan L. Hostetter,

Doris M. Kling, Carolyn J. Stone, and Linda M. Taylor. The sampling plans and variance and

estimation specifications were developed by Dennis K. Duke. Under the direction of C. Lloyd

Anderson, the Systems Support Staff maintained the small computers and assisted in the

management of computer output.

Systems and procedures for mailout, receipt, correspondence, data input, industry classification, other clerical processing, administrative-record processing, quality control, and the associated electronic computer programs, were developed in the Economic Planning and Coordination

Division.

Mailout preparation and receipt operations, clerical and analytical review activities, data

keying, and geocoding review were performed by the staff of the Data Preparation Division,

Judith N. Petty, Chief.

Geographic coding procedures and associated computer programs were developed by the staff

of the Geography Division, Joel Morrison, Chief.

The computer processing systems were developed and coordinated in the Economic

Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Charles P. Paulter, Jr., Chief, and Sarah W.

Baumgardner, Assistant Chief. Samuel Rozenel, Chief, Current Construction Branch, was

responsible for the design and implementation of the computer systems. The computer programs

were prepared under the supervision of Leonard S. Sammarco and Kevin J. Montgomery.

Computer processing was performed in the Computer Services Division, Marvin D. Raines,

Chief.

The staff of the Administrative and Publications Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief,

performed planning, design, composition, editorial review, and printing planning and procurement

for the publications and report forms. Bernadette J. Gayle provided publication coordination and

editing.

Special acknowledgment is also due the many businesses whose cooperation has contributed

to the publication of these data.

If you have any questions concerning the statistics in this report, call 301-457-4680.

Acknowledgments
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MANUFACTURING AND CONSTRUCTION DIVISION

David W. Cartwright, Chief

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Martha Farnsworth Riche, Director

Harry A. Scarr, Deputy Director

Paula J. Schneider, Principal Associate

Director for Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker, Associate

Director for Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Assistant Director

for Economic Programs

ECONOMIC PLANNING AND COORDINATION

DIVISION

John P. Govoni, Chief

Economics and Statistics

Administration

Everett M. Ehrlich, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
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Introduction to

the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC

CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about

the structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. It

provides essential information for government, business,

industry, and the general public.

The economic census furnishes an important part of the

framework for such composite measures as the gross

domestic product, input/ output measures, production and

price indexes, and other statistical series that measure

short-term changes in economic conditions.

Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government use

the data, especially in monitoring economic activity and

providing assistance to business.

State and local governments use the data to assess

business activities and tax bases within their jurisdictions

and to develop programs to attract business.

Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries and keep their members informed of

market changes.

Individual businesses use the data to locate potential

markets and to analyze their own production and sales

performance relative to industry or area averages.

AUTHORITY AND SCOPE

Title 13 of the United States Code (sections 131, 191,

and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic

census every 5 years, covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The 1992 Economic Census consists of the following eight

censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

Special programs also cover enterprise statistics and

minority-owned and women-owned businesses. (The 1992

Census of Agriculture and 1992 Census of Governments

are conducted separately.) The next economic census is

scheduled to be taken in 1998 covering the year 1997.

AVAILABILITY OF THE DATA

The results of the economic census are available in

printed reports for sale by the U.S. Government Printing

Office and on compact discs for sale by the Census

Bureau. Order forms for all types of products are available

on request from Customer Services, Bureau of the Census,

Washington, DC 20233-8300. A more complete description of publications being issued from this census is on the

inside back cover of this document.

Census facts are also widely disseminated by trade

associations, business journals, and newspapers. Volumes containing census statistics are available in most

major public and college libraries. Finally, State data

centers in every State as well as business and industry

data centers in many States also supply economic census

statistics.

WHAT’S NEW IN 1992

The 1992 Economic Census covers more of the economy

than any previous census. New for 1992 are data on

communications, utilities, finance, insurance, and real estate,

as well as coverage of more transportation industries. The

economic, agriculture, and governments censuses now

collectively cover nearly 98 percent of all economic activity.

Among other changes, new 1992 definitions affect the

boundaries of about a third of all metropolitan areas. Also,

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses has now been

expanded to include all corporations.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated

program at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for

1963, 1958, and 1954. Prior to that time, the individual

subcomponents of the economic census were taken separately at varying intervals.

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The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing were

included with those for population. Coverage of economic

activities was expanded for 1840 and subsequent censuses to include mining and some commercial activities. In

1902, Congress established a permanent Census Bureau

and directed that a census of manufactures be taken every

5 years. The 1905 Manufactures Census was the first time

a census was taken apart from the regular every-10-year

population census.

The first census of business was taken in 1930, covering 1929. Initially it covered retail and wholesale trade and

construction industries, but it was broadened in 1933 to

include some of the service trades.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated—providing comparable census data across

economic sectors, using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. It

was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of firms

provided by the administrative records of other Federal

agencies. Since 1963, administrative records also have

been used to provide basic statistics for very small firms,

reducing or eliminating the need to send them census

questionnaires. The Enterprise Statistics Program, which

publishes combined data from the economic census, was

made possible with the implementation of the integrated

census program in 1954.

The range of industries covered in the economic censuses has continued to expand. The census of construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967, and the

scope of service industries was broadened in 1967, 1977,

and 1987. The census of transportation began in 1963 as

a set of surveys covering travel, transportation of commodities, and trucks, but expanded in 1987 to cover business

establishments in several transportation industries. For

1992, these statistics are incorporated into a broadened

census of transportation, communications, and utilities.

Also new for 1992 is the census of financial, insurance,

and real estate industries. This is part of a gradual expansion in coverage of industries previously subjected to

government regulation.

The Survey of Minority-Owned Business Enterprises

was first conducted as a special project in 1969 and was

incorporated into the economic census in 1972 along with

the Survey of Women-Owned Businesses.

An economic census has also been taken in Puerto

Rico since 1909, in the Virgin Islands of the United States

and Guam since 1958, and in the Commonwealth of the

Northern Mariana Islands since 1982.

Statistical reports from the 1987 and earlier censuses

provide historical figures for the study of long-term time

series and are available in some large libraries. All of the

census data published since 1967 are still available for

sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT

ECONOMIC DATA

While the census provides complete enumerations every

5 years, there are many needs for more frequent data as

well. The Census Bureau conducts a number of monthly,

quarterly, and annual surveys, with the results appearing in

publication series such as Current Business Reports (retail

and wholesale trade and service industries), the Annual

Survey of Manufactures, Current Industrial Reports, and

the Quarterly Financial Report. Most of these surveys,

while providing more frequent observations, yield less

kind-of-business and geographic detail than the census.

The County Business Patterns program offers annual

statistics on the number of establishments, employment,

and payroll classified by industry within each county.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publications for each of the

economic censuses and related surveys is published in the

Guide to the 1992 Economic Census and Related Statistics. More information on the methodology, procedures,

and history of the census will be published in the History of

the 1992 Economic Census. Contact Customer Services

for information on availability.

IV INTRODUCTION CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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Census of Construction

GENERAL

The 1992 Census of Construction Industries covers all

employer establishments (establishments with payroll) primarily engaged in contract construction or construction on

their own account for sale as defined in the Standard

Industrial Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC). This industrial classification system has been developed by experts

on classification in government and private industry under

the guidance of the Office of Management and Budget and

is in general use among government agencies and among

organizations outside the government.

Contract construction. The SIC manual defines construction in three broad types of activity:

1. Building construction by general contractors or by

operative builders. General building contractors are

primarily engaged in the construction of dwellings,

office buildings, stores, farm buildings, and other building projects. Operative builders who build on their own

account for sale are also included here. However,

investment builders who build structures on their own

account for rent are classified in Real Estate.

2. Heavy construction general contractors. Heavy construction general contractors are primarily engaged in

the construction of highways, bridges, pipelines, sewers and water lines, marine construction, power, and

petro-chemical plants and other nonbuilding construction projects. Special trade contractors are classified

in heavy construction, if they are specifically engaged

in the following activities: grading for highway and

airport runways; guardrail construction; installation of

highway signs; asphalt and concrete construction of

roads, highways, streets, and public sidewalks; trenching, cable laying; conduit construction; underwater

rock removal; pipeline wrapping; or land clearing and

leveling.

3. Constructionby other specialtrade contractors. These

contractors include plumbers, painters, carpenters,

electricians, brick layers, roofers, etc. For the most

part, they perform their work at the site of construction,

although they may also have shops where they perform work incidental to the job site.

General contractors in both the building and the heavy

construction field usually assume responsibility for an

entire construction project, but may subcontract to others

all of the actual construction work or those portions of the

project requiring special skills or equipment. Special trade

contractors may work for general contractors, for other

subcontractors, or may work directly for the owner of the

property.

Each establishment receiving a questionnaire was requested

to report the percent of total dollar value of business done

for each kind-of-business activity engaged in during 1992.

This information was used for the computer assignment of

appropriate industry classifications. During this work, various tests were also made using other data reported on the

questionnaire. The proportion of construction work to total

business was checked to verify that the establishment was

primarily in construction. Also taken into consideration

were the types of structures worked on during the year and

the extent of work undertaken for other contractors.

Construction establishments often engage in various

construction activities. It is necessary, however, to assign

a single industry code to the establishment based on its

major activity. Therefore, the statistics shown for an industry reflect not only the primary activity of the establishments in the industry but also their secondary activities.

The industry reports, however, do present data on the

extent of secondary activities.

Prior to 1992, this census also included one industry

classified in the Real Estate area, SIC 6552, Land Subdividers and Developers, Except Cemeteries. This industry

is covered in the 1992 Census of Financial, Insurance,

and Real Estate Industries.

ESTABLISHMENT BASIS OF REPORTING

The census of construction industries is conducted on

an establishment basis. A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is

defined as a relatively permanent office or other place of

business where the usual business activities related to

construction are conducted. With some exceptions, a

relatively permanent office is one which has been established for the management of more than one project or job

and which is expected to be maintained on a continuing

basis. Such ‘‘establishment’’ activities include, but are not

limited to estimating, bidding, purchasing, supervising, and

operation of the actual construction work being conducted

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

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at one or more construction sites. Separate construction

reports were not required for each project or construction

site.

Companies with more than one construction establishment were required to submit a separate report for each

establishment operated during all or any part of 1992. The

census of construction industries figures represent a summary of records for individual establishments rather than

for companies.

If an establishment was engaged in construction and

one or more distinctly different lines of economic activity

(wholesale or retail trade, service, manufacturing, mining,

etc.) at the same place of business, it was requested to file

a separate report for each activity, provided that the

activity was of substantial size and separate records were

maintained or substantially accurate estimates could be

prepared.

If a separate establishment report could not be prepared for each activity, then a construction report was

requested covering all activities of that establishment

providing that the 1992 value of construction work exceeded

the gross receipts from each of its other activities.

Construction businesses with no payroll during 1992

(nonemployers) were not required to file census reports.

Tabulation of data for these businesses are based on

administrative records and are shown only in U.S. summary publications and the geographic area reports series.

Refer to the section on ‘‘Sample Design’’ for details.

Foreign construction activities were not included in this

census.

SAMPLE DESIGN, ESTIMATION PROCEDURES,

AND RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATES

The companies included in the 1992 Census of Construction Industries were identified as part of an operation

common to all 1992 Economic Censuses. Construction

companies were divided into employers (companies with

payroll) and nonemployers (companies without payroll).

Statistical information for the employers was obtained in

the census by a survey which included all medium size and

large employers and a sample of the smaller ones. Census

reports were not required from the nonemployers. Statistics on nonemployers were obtained from administrative

records of other agencies of the Federal Government.

Employer Companies

Developing the sampling frame for employer companies. This operation started with obtaining a list of all

construction companies in the active records of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which were subject to payment

of Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes. The

basic source for this list has been the Internal Revenue

Service Business Master File, a comprehensive list of

companies engaged in business activities in the United

States. The file contains the name, address, and form of

ownership of each company and also indicates whether or

not the company is subject to the FICA. Each company in

this file is assigned a unique employer identification (EI)

number which it uses in filing its various reports with the

IRS. The Social Security Administration (SSA) maintains a

similar list using the same identification numbers, which

also contains information on the industrial classification of

each company. The Bureau of the Census obtained both of

these lists and combined them.

Under special arrangements which safeguarded the

confidentiality of the information, the Bureau also obtained

administrative-record data on payrolls and receipts and

added these data to the combined list. The list, thus

created from the IRS-SSA information, was a list of employer

companies. However, for the 1992 Economic Census the

basic reporting unit is the ‘‘establishment.’’ Therefore,

steps were taken to identify the individual establishments

of those companies which operate more than one place of

business. The information for making this determination

was obtained by means of the Company Organization

Survey (COS), an annual canvass of all known multiestablishment companies and large single-establishment companies. Thus, the 1992 Economic Census list for singleestablishment employer companies was obtained from the

IRS-SSA, but the list of establishments of multiestablishment employer companies was obtained directly from

those companies in the COS. Refer to the section on

‘‘Establishment Basis for Reporting’’ for details.

In general, the IRS-SSA list provided sufficient industrial

classification data to assign a company to the proper

economic census, but there were a number of companies

for which this information was inadequate or unavailable. A

special form, NC-9923, General Schedule, was mailed to

all such companies, requesting information on the nature

of the company’s activities. From the information reported,

the company was given an industrial classification code

and assigned to the appropriate economic census. Since

construction companies found in this way were identified

only after the regular census mailing had taken place, they

were treated as a supplement to the basic list.

Selecting the employer sample. The sample was designed

to provide reliable State and metropolitan area estimates

for each construction industry. It consisted of all construction establishments in multiestablishment companies, all

single-establishment companies with 1991 administrative

payroll of $480,000 or more and a probability sample of

single-establishment companies with payroll under that

amount. Supplementing the sample were construction

companies identified from the NC-9923, General Schedule. Also affecting the sample were the misclassified

companies; i.e., companies included in the samples of

other trade areas which reported they were construction

companies and companies originally classified in construction which reported they were not construction companies.

Of the 547,000 single-establishment employer companies initially classified as construction companies, 158,000

were included in the sample. All of the 11,000 establishments of multiestablishment companies were included in

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the sample. There was a net increase in the sample of

48,000 establishments resulting from establishments originally unclassified (receiving the NC-9923) or misclassified.

The probability sample of the smaller single-establishment

companies was a stratified random sample. Strata were

formed from all establishments with the same initial fourdigit SIC code, in the same State, in the same metropolitan

area, or in the balance of the State, and in the same size

class based on estimated total employment. If the fourdigit SIC code for an establishment was incomplete, the

establishment was placed in a stratum for miscellaneous

companies. Because they were small, all companies were

included in the sample for the following three industries:

SIC 1622, Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway Construction Contractors; SIC 1795, Wrecking and Demolition Work

Special Trade Contractors; and SIC 1796, Installation or

Erection of Building Equipment Special Trade Contractors.

Estimation procedures for 1992 and 1987 data. Since

all larger employer companies and some smaller ones

were included in the census, sample estimation was

required only for the universe of companies not selected

with certainty. The published statistics are the totals of the

estimates for the sampled companies and the aggregates

for the certainty companies. All estimates for 1992 and

1987 published here are simple unbiased estimates of the

form:

n

c

x’

c = Σ xi

/ pi

i =1

where: x’

c is the simple unbiased estimate of a characteristic for a publication cell.

x

i is the reported value of a characteristic for

an individual establishment in the publication cell.

p

i is the selection probability of that firm.

n

c is the number of firms in the sample for the

cell.

Data for certain characteristics were reported as a

percentage of the dollar value of business done. Before

this formula was applied to those characteristics, it was

necessary to convert the reported percentages into dollars.

Reliability of employer statistics. Since the estimates

for employer establishments in these reports are based on

the samples, they are subject to sampling variability and

may be expected to differ from results which would have

been obtained if a complete census had been taken using

the same forms and procedures. The sampling errors

shown in the tables were estimated directly from the

sample reports, using methods appropriate for the sample

design and form of estimation used. The relative standard

error is a measure of sampling variability; i.e., the variation

that might occur by chance because only a sample of the

population is surveyed. As calculated for this report, the

relative standard error also partially reflects the effect of

random errors of response and processing, but it does not

take into account the effect of any consistent biases due to

those types of errors. The chances are about 68 out of 100

that an estimate from the sample would differ from a

complete census by less than the relative standard error.

The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the difference is

less than twice the relative standard error and about 99 out

of 100 that it is less than 2-1/ 2 times the relative standard

error. Individual estimates with large relative standard

errors have been shown in the published tables. Any such

estimates should be used with caution. The very large

relative standard errors generally occur for the smaller

estimates.

Relative standard errors have been calculated for all of

the published statistics, although they are shown for each

statistic only in the tables presenting detailed statistics.

Other tables show relative standard errors only for certain

characteristics because of lack of space.

As calculated for this report, the relative standard error

measures certain nonsampling errors, but does not measure any systematic biases in the data. Bias is the difference, averaged over all possible samples with the same

size and design, between the estimates and the true value

being estimated. Nonsampling errors can be attributed to

many sources: inability to obtain information about all

cases in the sample; definitional difficulties; differences in

interpretation of questions; inability or unwillingness of

respondents to provide correct information; and errors

made in processing the data. Although no direct measurements of the biases have been obtained, it is believed that

most of the important response and operational errors

were detected in the course of reviewing the data for

reasonableness and consistency.

A potential source of bias is in the imputation for those

establishments that have not responded by the time of

final publication. Data were estimated for establishments

that did not report by that date, although selected establishments were contacted again to obtain as much information on the telephone as possible. Some publication

cells in which more than 40 percent of the data were not

reported have been suppressed.

Nonemployer Companies

As described earlier, the information derived from the

business income tax returns of all companies was matched

to the census employer file on the basis of common

identification numbers. Those business income tax returns

which could not be matched were further classified on the

basis of several characteristics. Returns with characteristics consistent with companies without payroll were treated

as nonemployers. The nonemployer construction companies were not required to file census reports.

For ‘‘number of establishments,’’ each separate income

tax return was assumed to be an establishment. ‘‘All

business receipts’’ was based on receipts information

reported on the tax return.

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Since no sampling was involved in the nonemployer

establishments, the statistics for nonemployers are not

subject to sampling variability. However, these data are

subject to an unknown amount of reporting and processing

errors which could not be detected by the Census Bureau.

CENSUS REPORT FORMS

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries was obtained from employer establishments primarily

through the use of 22 questionnaires, determined by

industry classification and size. Standard forms and short

forms were developed for each of the following SIC

groups: 15, 16, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, and

179. Establishments with 1991 administrative payroll of

$1,080,000 or more all received the standard form. For

those sample establishments with payroll under that amount,

half received the standard form and half received the short

form. The short forms covered only major items and

omitted some of the detail found in the longer forms.

In reviewing and developing the questionnaires,

comments and recommendations were elicited from

construction trade associations and advisory groups.

Also, approximately 6,000 establishments in SIC’s 1521,

1629, and 1799 were surveyed in the Census of Construction Industries 1989 Pretest. This survey consisted of four

panels which received one of four experimental questionnaries and one panel which received the control questionnaire. Along with the questionnaire, these establishments

received an evaluation questionnaire, which requested

information about respondents’ reactions to the questionnaire, problems in completing the questionnaire, and how

long it took to complete the questionnaire. Results from

the 1989 Pretest questionnaire are reflected as reworded

questions, improved instructions, and restructured value of

business questions in the 1992 questionnaires.

DATA PROCESSING

The 1992 census report forms were mailed out in

December 1992. They were mailed from and returned to

the Census Bureau’s Data Preparation Division in Jeffersonville, IN, where routine editing and coding of the report

forms were also accomplished. Collection of these report

forms was essentially completed in July 1993.

The returned reports underwent extensive processing.

A preliminary edit done at the time of data entry identified

obviously deficient reports and reports needing clarification. When necessary, these problems were resolved by

further contact with the respondents. Next, the data were

transmitted to Census Bureau headquarters near Washington, DC.

Data records, then, underwent a detailed computer

review and analysis. The records containing significant

problems were referred for further analytical review and, if

necessary, contacts were made with the respondents. The

computer performed most classification coding (such as

industry coding, geographic coding, and size coding), and

imputation for missing items or for reports not received in

time for tabulation. The imputation was performed on an

industry (or industry group) and State (or geographic

group) basis using all available response and administrative data.

The data records were then tabulated on an industry

basis. Industry totals were subjected to analytical review,

and selected statistics were prepared for the preliminary

reports. Corrections resulting from this review were made

to the computer records and final tabulations were produced.

The review of a preliminary report for an industry often

uncovered the need for corrections or revisions to the data

for another industry for which a preliminary report had

already been published. The final reports incorporate all

revisions and corrections made during the review of the

preliminary reports and contain considerable more data

than were published in those reports.

GEOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION

Information for the 1992 Census of Construction Industries’

final industry report series is classified on the basis of two

types of geographic distributions: (1) physical location of

the establishment, and (2) location of construction work. A

separate code was assigned on each basis allowing us to

present data by both physical location of the establishment

and location of construction work.

The geographic area reports series presents similar

data by industry for each State (physical location of the

establishment) and for selected MSA’s, CMSA’s and PMSA’s.

CHANGE IN COLLECTION METHODOLOGY FOR

VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK DONE

In 1987 and 1992, the ‘‘value of construction work’’ was

collected to better measure actual construction activity

done during the year. In 1992, this item was collected as a

total of three separate items. These items ( receipts from

construction contract work, value of speculative construction work, and value of construction work done for own

use) were collected separately to emphasize construction

activity that had been poorly reported in previous censuses.

Receipts from the sale of land were not collected

separately in 1992, as in 1987, but are still excluded from

the value of construction work done.

All dollar values are shown in current dollars for the

years specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

DUPLICATION IN VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION

WORK

The aggregate of value of construction work reported by

all construction establishments in each of the several

industry, geographic area, or other groupings in this census contains varying amounts of duplication, since the

construction work of one firm may be subcontracted to

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other construction firms and may also be included in the

subcontractors’ value of construction work. To avoid this

duplication, a ‘‘net’’ value of construction work figure has

been derived for each establishment by subtracting the

costs for construction work subcontracted to others from

the value of construction work.

Duplication in value of business between other construction and nonconstruction industries results from the use of

products of these other industries as input materials by

construction establishments. ‘‘Value added’’ avoids this

duplication and is, for most purposes, the best measure for

comparing the relative economic importance of industries

or areas. ‘‘Value added’’ is defined in the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries as equal to dollar value of business

done less costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and payments for materials, components, supplies,

and fuels.

SPECIAL TABULATIONS

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1992 Census

of Construction Industries may be obtained on computer

tape or in tabular form. The data will be in summary form

and subject to the same rules prohibiting disclosure of

confidential information (including name, address, kind of

business, or other data for individual business establishments or companies) as are the regular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. A

request for a cost estimate, as well as exact and detailed

specifications of the type and format of the data to be

provided, should be directed to the Chief, Manufacturing

and Construction Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233.

To discuss a special tabulation before submitting specifications, call 301-457-4680.

COMPARABILITY OF CENSUS OF

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES DATA WITH

OTHER DATA

Data contained in the reports of the 1992 Census of

Construction Industries are not the same as the data

published in the Census Bureau’s monthly Construction

Reports, Series C30, Value of New Construction Put in

Place. The main difference is that the C30 series covers all

new construction put in place without regard to who is

performing the construction activity; whereas, the construction census figures cover both new construction and

maintenance and repair work done by establishments

classified in the construction industry. Significant amounts

of construction are done by establishments classified

outside of construction (in real estate, manufacturing,

utilities, and communications, for example), both as ‘‘force

account’’ construction and construction done for others. In

addition, the value in place series includes constructionrelated expenses such as architectural and engineering

costs and the costs of materials supplied by owners which

are normally not reflected in the census of construction

industries.

Data contained in the reports of the census of construction industries may also differ from industry data in ‘‘Employment and Earnings Statistics,’’ published by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics and ‘‘Statistics of Income,’’ published by

the Internal Revenue Service. These differences arise

from varying definitions of scope, coverage, timing, classification, and methodology.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used in

this publication:

* Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.

** Represents the sum of all employees during

pay periods including 12th of March, May,

August, and November, divided by 4.

- Represents zero.

† Represents value of construction work less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others. (See Duplication in Value of Construction Work.)

†† Represents dollar value of business done less

costs for construction work subcontracted to

others and costs for materials, components,

supplies, and fuels. In 1987, for SIC 1531, land

receipts were collected as a component of

dollar value of business and, therefore, were

subtracted from this value. (See Duplication in

Value of Construction Work.)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual

companies; data are included in higher level

totals.

(NA) Not available.

(S) Withheld because estimate did not meet publication standards on the basis of either the

response rate, associated relative standard

error, or a consistency review.

(X) Not applicable.

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

n.s.k. Not specified by kind.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION IX
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Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report

by Table Number

Statistics For the

United States By State

By

employment

size

By

size class of dollar value of business done

By type, class,

kind of business,

and location of

construction1

By

specialization

in types of

construction

Assets and depreciation (gross book value):

Beginning of year—buildings, machinery, and

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

End of year—total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

End of year—buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . 3

Depreciation charges during year—

buildings, machinery, and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Capital expenditures:

Total capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 3 1 5 6

New buildings—machinery and equipment. . . . . . . . . . 3

Used buildings—machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . 3

Communication services, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Employees:

All employees—average number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers—average number . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 9 1, 9

Construction workers—quarterly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 9 9

Other employees—average number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Other employees—quarterly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Establishments—number in business during year . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 1, 9 5 6 8

Fringe benefits—legally required and voluntary

expenditures .................................. 2

Inventories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Materials, components, supplies, and fuels—costs for . . 1, 2 1 5 6

Ownership—private or government owned . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Payroll:

First-quarter, all employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Annual:

All employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Construction workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1

Other employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Power, fuels, and lubricants—costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Proprietors and working partners. . . . . . . . . . ......... 2

Ratios, selected industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 13

Receipts and value:

Dollar value of business done, total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 11 5 6 11

Value of construction work, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10 1, 10 5 6 7, 10 8

For work subcontracted in from others . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2

Other business receipts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Net value of construction work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Value added. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Rental costs:

Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2 1 5 6

For machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

For buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to buildings and other structures . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Repairs to machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Subcontract work to others, costs for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2, 8 1 5 6 8

Note: Data for 1987 and earlier years are also available in some of these tables.

1

Type—buildings, roads, etc. Class—new construction; additions, alterations, or reconstruction; or maintenance and repair work.

X USERS’ GUIDE CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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Contents

Water Well Drilling

Special Trade Contractors

[Page numbers listed here omit the prefix that

appears as part of the number of each page]

Page

Introduction to the Economic Census III ...............................................

Census of Construction V ...........................................................

Users’ Guide for Locating Statistics in This Report by Table Number X ..................

Summary of Findings ............................................................. 2

FIGURES

1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction 3 ............................

2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done 3 .............................

TABLES

Statistics for Establishments With Payroll

1. General Statistics by State: 1992 and 1987 4 ...................................

2. Detailed Statistics: 1992 and Earlier Census Years 6 .............................

3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation: 1992 and 1987 7 .................

4. Value of Inventories: 1992 and 1991 7 .........................................

5. Selected Statistics by Employment Size Class: 1992 and 1987 8 ..................

6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done: 1992 and

1987 ...................................................................... 8

7. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction: 1992 and 1987 9 ............

8. Selected Statistics by Specialization in Types of Construction: 1992 10 .............

9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment by State: 1992 11 .....................

10. Value of Construction Work by Location of Construction Work: 1992 and 1987 12 ...

11. Dollar Value of Business Done by Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987 13 ......

12. Selected Industry Ratios: 1992 and 1987 14 .....................................

13. Selected Industry Ratios by State: 1992 15 ......................................

Statistics for Establishments Without Payroll appear in the U.S. Industry

Summary Report.

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1 ........................................................

B. Standard Industrial Classification Titles for Industry Groups and Industries B–1 ........

C. Geographic Divisions and States C–1 ..............................................

Publication Program Inside back cover ...................................................

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Summary of Findings

Establishments classified in this industry are primarily

engaged in water well drilling and servicing water wells.

For additional examples, refer to the Standard Industrial

Classification Manual: 19871 (SIC) published by the Office

of Management and Budget, Executive Office of the

President.

During 1992, the establishments with paid employees

classified in this industry accounted for $1.75 billion in total

dollar value of business. Of this amount, $1.73 billion were

for the value of construction work. These establishments

paid out $630 million for materials, components, and

supplies and $51.4 million for construction work subcontracted to others. Costs for selected power, fuels, and

lubricants for the industry were $74.7 million. Value added

for 1992 was $995 million.

There were 3,638 establishments with total employment

averaging 19,346 during the year. Total payroll for 1992

was $444 million.

Larger establishments with 20 employees or more,

while representing only 4 percent of the total number of

employer establishments in this industry, accounted for 32

percent of all business done.

A ‘‘construction establishment’’ is defined as a relatively

permanent office, or other place of business, where the

usual business activities related to construction are conducted. A separate census report was required from each

sampled establishment covering domestic operations. Separate reports were not, however, required for each project or

construction site.

For 1987 and earlier censuses, receipts from the sale of

land were collected separately for general contractors and

operative builders. These receipts were included in the

total dollar value of business done but excluded from the

value of construction work done. For 1992, receipts from

the sale of land were not collected separately but are still

excluded from the value of construction work done. All

dollar values are shown in current dollars for the years

specified and have not been adjusted for inflation.

The data in this report are estimated from a sample

survey and are subject to sampling variability as well as

errors of response and nonreporting. The relative standard

error shown in the tables is a measure of sampling

variability. Descriptions of the sampling, estimating procedures, and data reliability are included in the introduction.

1

Standard Industrial Classification Manual: 1987. For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,

DC 20402. Stock No. 041-001-00314-2.

20–2 WATER WELL DRILLING CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
Figure 2. Selected Costs per Dollar Value of Business Done

(Percent)

1992

1987

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES WATER WELL DRILLING 20-3

Figure 1. Value of Construction Work by Type of Construction

(Percent)

1992

1987

Payroll, all employees

 Materials, components, and supplies

 Construction work subcontracted

 out to others

 Rental costs for machinery,

 equipment, and buildings

Selected purchased services:

 Communications, repairs to buildings,

 machinery, and equipment

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants

Water mains and related facilities

Single–family houses

Conservation and development construction

Other commercial buildings such as stores,

 restaurants, and automobile service stations

Sewage treatment and water

 treatment plants

Farm buildings, nonresidential

Industrial buildings and warehouses

Office buildings

Other residential buildings, including hotels,

 motels, and tourist cabins

48.4

40.4

34.1

32.2

6.1

0.4

3.2

2.6

1.6

1.3

1.5

1.4

1.5

2.0

0.8

0.9

0.7

1.2

25.3

24.5

36.0

36.2

2.9

2.2

4.3

4.5

1.5

1.3

4.9

5.2
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Table 1. General Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

1992

Employees** Payroll

Number of

establish- ments AllConstruction workersAll employeesConstruction workers

Valueof construction work

Net

valueof construction work†

Value added††

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies, and fuels

AB C D E FGH I

United States 3 ------------------------ 638 19 346 14 683 443 641 322 593 1 727 355 1 675 998 994 814 705 118

Alabama 24 ------------------------------------- 131 96 2 321 1 492 9 200 8 934 5 089 3 844

Alaska 15 --------------------------------------- 33 27 (D) 397 (D) (D) (D) 1 347

Arizona 45 -------------------------------------- 349 288 10 325 8 614 40 362 39 203 25 333 14 804

Arkansas 41 ------------------------------------- 314 255 5 642 4 354 22 938 22 428 (D) 12 408

California 226 ------------------------------------- 2 446 1 851 73 278 51 169 270 583 256 756 163 608 98 753

Colorado 57 ------------------------------------- 289 212 6 262 4 544 24 836 24 482 14 222 10 764

Connecticut 41 ----------------------------------- 200 150 5 749 4 531 19 184 18 636 10 028 8 608

Delaware 20 ------------------------------------- 79 56 1 727 1 271 6 346 6 065 3 598 2 507

District of Columbia – --------------------------- – – – – – – ––

Florida 224 --------------------------------------- 1 035 788 21 571 15 551 86 306 83 666 45 558 38 726

Georgia 89 -------------------------------------- 401 297 7 014 4 629 30 260 29 861 16 943 12 918

Hawaii 7 --------------------------------------- 79 58 (D) 1 851 (D) (D) (D) 6 919

Idaho 44 ---------------------------------------- 202 156 4 533 3 820 20 852 19 928 11 473 8 455

Illinois 96 ---------------------------------------- 582 409 15 665 10 839 49 335 48 790 30 036 18 839

Indiana 105 --------------------------------------- 463 357 11 086 8 516 44 488 43 135 27 326 16 486

Iowa 36 ----------------------------------------- 183 130 4 122 3 046 15 146 14 416 8 692 6 096

Kansas 38 --------------------------------------- 172 130 4 566 3 337 14 431 14 027 8 645 5 519

Kentucky 24 ------------------------------------- 77 61 1 033 850 4 211 (D) 2 510 (D)

Louisiana 31 ------------------------------------- 111 96 1 493 1 224 6 689 6 653 3 704 2 994

Maine 55 ---------------------------------------- 213 171 4 071 3 427 18 658 18 429 10 250 8 320

Maryland 51 ------------------------------------- 469 375 12 902 10 149 38 547 37 902 25 513 12 418

Massachusetts 49 -------------------------------- 260 187 7 994 5 557 25 825 25 529 15 961 9 568

Michigan 268 ------------------------------------- 1 218 932 24 866 18 654 103 098 101 724 60 667 41 153

Minnesota 107 ------------------------------------ 612 491 14 062 11 169 56 056 54 424 30 703 24 099

Mississippi 33 ------------------------------------ 372 284 7 068 5 139 30 789 29 150 16 424 13 864

Missouri 56 -------------------------------------- 310 225 6 616 4 514 25 173 24 782 13 276 11 625

Montana 56 ------------------------------------- 149 120 2 494 1 948 13 681 13 374 7 460 (D)

Nebraska 100 ------------------------------------- 539 399 11 898 8 642 48 251 47 456 27 750 22 640

Nevada 32 -------------------------------------- 214 181 5 105 4 004 22 249 21 836 13 005 (D)

New Hampshire 32 ------------------------------- 139 100 3 506 2 463 12 019 (D) 6 989 4 889

New Jersey 75 ----------------------------------- 491 374 15 479 10 726 58 839 52 910 32 482 20 463

New Mexico 55 ---------------------------------- 165 138 3 237 2 614 13 417 13 285 7 300 6 193

New York 146 ------------------------------------ 599 439 14 309 10 460 51 396 49 839 29 851 20 219

North Carolina 127 -------------------------------- 569 430 10 394 6 960 40 196 39 072 20 944 18 639

North Dakota 29 --------------------------------- 88 63 1 828 1 159 7 186 7 053 3 814 3 418

Ohio 105 ----------------------------------------- 447 336 11 212 7 991 40 283 39 198 24 884 14 355

Oklahoma 41 ------------------------------------ 147 115 1 766 1 239 7 374 7 343 4 554 3 291

Oregon 59 -------------------------------------- 259 207 4 605 3 418 18 376 17 771 9 220 8 853

Pennsylvania 143 --------------------------------- 675 501 16 952 12 587 62 376 (D) 37 806 25 236

Rhode Island 14 --------------------------------- 50 33 1 228 886 5 205 5 180 3 538 1 642

South Carolina 55 -------------------------------- 249 184 4 802 3 555 20 185 19 721 12 551 7 262

South Dakota 24 --------------------------------- 87 64 1 545 1 044 5 862 (D) (D) 3 002

Tennessee 46 ----------------------------------- 264 204 4 722 3 316 20 704 20 339 12 124 8 466

Texas 266 ---------------------------------------- 1 300 973 22 071 16 191 101 275 99 558 56 893 43 456

Utah 17 ----------------------------------------- *75 *66 *1 219 *1 063 *5 813 *5 699 *3 540 *2 159

Vermont 27 -------------------------------------- 242 213 4 058 3 462 19 461 19 267 11 812 7 455

Virginia 103 --------------------------------------- 625 469 14 778 9 512 50 509 (D) 29 097 23 445

Washington 100 ----------------------------------- 559 405 11 946 8 626 46 185 44 224 26 025 19 582

West Virginia 46 --------------------------------- 100 88 1 331 1 204 7 648 7 581 4 174 3 407

Wisconsin 137 ------------------------------------ 642 446 14 022 9 813 61 952 60 198 33 900 26 554

Wyoming 20 ------------------------------------- 74 57 (D) 1 065 (D) 4 959 3 002 (D)

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Location

of

establishment

1992mCon. 1987

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to othersValue of construction work subcontracted in from othersRental

cost for machinery,

equipment,

and buildings

Capital

expenditures, other than land

End-of-year

gross

book value of depreciable assets

All employees**

Value of construction work

Value added††

J K L M N O P Q BGM

51 357 260 302 26 904 69 501 887 158 17 598 1 330 056 779 621 2 2 8 U.S.

266 468 41 206 (S) 146 7 710 4 651 18 20 18 AL

– (D) (D) (D) 1 674 46 4 372 3 142 5 (D) (D) AK

1 159 3 183 826 (D) 24 984 312 23 387 12 659 8 3 (D) AZ

510 1 033 51 677 15 785 237 16 021 6 317 2 4 27 AR

13 827 37 755 6 985 8 012 108 026 1 598 147 661 90 038 3 2 7 CA

354 (D) 294 1 241 15 312 262 16 441 9 099 11 10 5 CO

548 5 046 421 587 11 974 315 30 642 19 203 8 5 2 CT

*281 1 235 96 80 (S) 133 11 483 6 785 29 35 14 DE

– – – – – (D) (D) (D) – – – DC

2 640 17 610 893 1 337 24 642 1 229 88 155 53 803 8 7 18 FL

398 1 735 *323 (S) 23 673 384 24 045 12 573 13 17 (S) GA

767 1 821 (D) (D) 8 346 (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D) HI

*924 *2 205 *640 1 095 7 369 *64 2 693 *2 362 10 15 26 ID

545 15 311 798 2 326 27 140 508 44 119 26 919 9 7 13 IL

1 352 4 415 *178 (S) *19 759 487 31 527 17 858 12 13 (S) IN

730 691 122 804 8 402 203 14 441 5 733 11 17 30 IA

404 442 146 189 6 429 121 9 573 5 170 20 15 – KS

(D) 869 126 169 1 448 70 2 825 1 497 (Z) (D) (Z) KY

36 257 27 123 2 167 220 12 837 7 659 10 9 21 LA

229 1 042 *357 *764 *27 220 181 15 591 11 403 29 24 45 ME

645 11 098 950 1 101 19 742 469 36 406 23 545 4 6 11 MD

296 5 934 448 *492 *18 598 378 29 631 18 291 13 12 43 MA

1 374 15 807 1 270 2 764 49 303 778 66 649 34 167 10 7 21 MI

1 632 11 815 830 3 805 29 464 555 47 594 26 077 10 9 24 MN

1 639 1 088 146 861 17 936 389 25 398 12 382 16 9 8 MS

391 1 398 239 1 319 16 203 297 16 457 7 082 10 11 17 MO

(S) 1 279 164 391 7 667 155 8 494 6 194 6 7 18 MT

795 1 333 295 1 311 29 270 335 25 119 11 729 8 8 22 NE

413 2 036 546 834 9 423 71 8 598 5 181 14 17 22 NV

(D) *3 263 152 217 (S) 179 18 609 12 641 25 (D) 27 NH

5 929 9 744 738 840 19 106 566 49 814 29 011 5 5 14 NJ

132 5 420 123 311 9 527 191 10 787 6 278 12 11 30 NM

1 556 *7 761 1 481 1 108 25 472 897 68 799 42 801 7 8 14 NY

*1 124 4 074 454 793 24 543 803 47 870 29 666 11 11 14 NC

133 264 69 *149 3 786 44 4 254 2 480 8 9 55 ND

1 085 6 139 810 1 688 14 770 387 26 136 14 801 8 6 15 OH

31 1 191 80 303 4 249 115 5 956 3 798 12 10 1 OK

605 3 247 250 1 060 8 720 169 12 179 7 236 20 14 36 OR

(D) 11 987 700 1 835 42 463 848 66 009 43 826 9 (D) 5 PA

25 1 375 17 185 3 651 76 7 709 5 074 4 6 12 RI

*464 5 109 219 1 010 7 788 294 19 316 11 942 17 13 16 SC

(D) 326 *63 128 1 882 26 1 892 1 054 8 (D) 11 SD

365 1 354 250 580 9 986 192 13 241 6 673 9 8 3 TN

1 718 (S) 748 6 292 46 297 1 062 73 803 43 177 11 10 38 TX

(S) (S) 80 (S) *4 329 20 930 601 50 49 (S) UT

194 225 454 204 8 159 57 6 210 4 526 38 38 23 VT

(D) 4 173 509 469 32 473 753 50 279 26 400 7 (D) 32 VA

1 961 3 731 692 4 542 21 553 365 36 127 22 904 12 12 28 WA

67 370 (S) *385 5 073 152 8 480 4 201 24 22 42 WV

1 754 7 476 852 *4 584 36 110 328 25 829 14 551 15 13 45 WI

(D) 246 55 *188 (S) 74 4 247 2 102 11 9 43 WY

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Table 2. Detailed Statistics for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and Earlier Census Years

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of

estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1982 1977 1992 1987 1982 1977

Number of establishments in business during year 3 -------------------------------------------------- 638 3 414 3 551 4 305 2 2 3 3

Proprietors and working partners ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 499 1 150 1 633 2 900 3 7 5 5

All employees** --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 346 17 598 17 153 22 352 2 2 3 2

Construction workers:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 863 12 735 13 183 17 296 2 2 2 2

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 887 14 035 13 974 19 683 2 2 2 2

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 616 14 357 13 862 19 518 2 2 2 2

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 364 13 391 12 429 18 276 2 2 3 2

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 683 13 628 13 703 18 720 2 2 2 2

Other employees:

March -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 577 3 768 3 448 3 518 2 3 3 2

May---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 660 3 993 (NA) (NA) 2 3 (NA) (NA)

August ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 592 3 983 (NA) (NA) 2 3 (NA) (NA)

November ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 826 4 129 (NA) (NA) 2 3 (NA) (NA)

Average ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 664 3 969 (NA) (NA) 2 3 (NA) (NA)

Payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 443 641 335 171 248 983 237 036 1 2 2 1

Payroll, construction workers-------------------------------------------------------------------- 322 593 248 510 190 161 188 307 2 2 2 1

Payroll, other employees ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 121 048 86 660 58 821 48 730 1 2 2 2

First-quarter payroll, all employees ---------------------------------------------------------------- 95 425 72 899 60 129 49 963 2 2 2 1

Fringe benefits, all employees -------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 751 67 655 48 559 40 020 2 2 3 1

Legally required expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------- 72 839 50 550 34 246 28 803 2 2 3 2

Voluntary expenditures ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 912 17 104 14 313 11 217 3 3 2 2

Dollar value of business done--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 751 290 1 368 347 1 031 674 1 118 330 2 2 2 2

Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 727 355 1 330 056 1 013 886 1 090 418 2 2 2 2

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others 260 ---------------------------------------- 302 213 779 116 796 126 042 7 6 5 4

Other business receipts ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 935 38 291 17 788 27 912 8 9 8 12

Net value of construction work†------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 675 998 1 299 288 984 884 1 077 767 2 2 2 2

Value added†† ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 994 814 779 621 577 507 628 789 2 2 2 2

Selected costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 756 476 588 726 454 167 489 541 2 2 2 2

Materials, components, and supplies ------------------------------------------------------------ 630 468 495 741 374 019 435 442 2 2 2 2

Construction work subcontracted out to others 51 --------------------------------------------------- 357 30 768 29 001 12 651 3 5 3 4

Selected power, fuels, and lubricants ------------------------------------------------------------ 74 651 62 217 51 145 41 449 2 2 3 2

Electricity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 932 5 169 3 430 3 481 3 3 5 2

Natural and manufactured gas ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 543 883 827 890 5 8 9 9

Gasoline and diesel fuel---------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 357 51 794 43 361 33 113 2 2 3 2

On highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 252 37 230 (NA) (NA) 2 2 (NA) (NA)

Off highway use --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 106 14 564 (NA) (NA) 3 5 (NA) (NA)

Other, including lubricating oils and greases 5 ---------------------------------------------------- 819 4 369 3 526 3 965 4 7 6 4

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 26 ------------------------------------------------ 904 17 527 10 758 10 962 4 5 5 5 For machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 971 9 767 6 262 8 173 5 8 5 7 For buildings ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 933 7 759 4 496 2 789 5 5 6 4

Selected purchased services --------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 625 71 366 50 284 49 788 3 3 3 2 Communication services------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 899 15 363 9 294 7 309 3 3 3 3 Repairs to buildings and other structures--------------------------------------------------------- 3 495 3 727 2 505 2 110 7 10 8 7 Repairs to machinery and equipment ------------------------------------------------------------ 64 231 52 275 38 483 40 369 4 3 3 2

Ownership of construction projects: Value of construction work --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 727 355 1 330 056 1 013 886 1 090 418 2 2 2 2 Government owned-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 225 893 207 653 177 264 176 967 3 4 8 3 Federal----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 61 635 50 606 (NA) (NA) 8 13 (NA) (NA)

State and local ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 164 259 157 047 (NA) (NA) 3 3 (NA) (NA)

Privately owned ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 501 462 1 122 402 836 621 913 451 3 3 3 2

20–6nnWATER WELL DRILLING CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 3. Assets, Capital Expenditures, and Depreciation for Establishments With Payroll:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item

Relative standard error of estimate

(percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES, MACHINERY, AND EQUIPMENT

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 847 -------------------------------------------- 565 601 127 4 4 Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 69 501 61 724 8 5 New ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49 947 43 707 8 6 Used --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 553 18 017 16 8 Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 29 ------------------------------------------------- 908 25 541 11 7

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 887 ------------------------------------------------- 158 637 309 4 4

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 87 954 68 796 4 4

Buildings and Other Structures, Additions, and Related Facilities

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 80 -------------------------------------------- 135 78 674 7 11

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 5 941 8 577 15 10

New buildings and other structures ------------------------------------------------------------ 4 146 5 030 13 14

Used buildings and other structures------------------------------------------------------------ 1 795 3 547 38 15

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets------------------------------------------------- 1 183 2 255 22 28

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 84 ------------------------------------------------- 894 84 996 7 10

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 337 5 387 11 7

Machinery and Equipment

Beginning-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 767 -------------------------------------------- 430 522 452 4 4

Capital expenditures, other than land ------------------------------------------------------------ 63 559 53 147 9 5

New machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 45 --------------------------------- 801 38 676 9 7

New automobiles and trucks, intended primarily for highway use 13 -------------------------------- 883 20 647 7 8

Used machinery and equipment, including automobiles and trucks 17 -------------------------------- 758 14 470 17 8

Retirements and disposition of depreciable assets 28 ------------------------------------------------- 725 23 286 11 7

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 802 ------------------------------------------------- 264 552 313 4 4

Depreciation charges during year ------------------------------------------------------------------ 81 617 63 409 4 5

Table 4. Value of Inventories for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1991

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Item Establishments with payroll

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent)

All establishments:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 638 2

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 727 355 2

Establishments with inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 852 3

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 117 935 2

Inventories1:

End of 1992, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 54 350 4

End of 1991, materials and supplies ----------------------------------------------------------- 42 409 4

Establishments with no inventories:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 783 5

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 269 696 5

Establishments not reporting:

Number--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 003 4

Value of construction work---------------------------------------------------------------------- 339 724 4

1Inventories at cost or market prior to any adjustment to correct to LIFO values.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES WATER WELL DRILLINGnn20–7
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Table 5. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Employment Size Class:

1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with an average ofm

Total

1 to 4

employees

5 to 9

employees

10 to 19

employees

20 to 49

employees

50 to 99

employees

100 to 249

employees

250 to 499

employees

500 to 999

employees

1,000

employees

or more

1992

Number of establishments 3 --------------------------- 638 2 375 808 314 116 21 5 – – –

All employees** 19 ------------------------------------ 346 4 673 5 199 4 148 3 392 1 303 630 – – –

Payroll, all employees 443 ------------------------------- 641 77 570 101 556 102 138 103 301 39 234 19 842 – – –

Dollar value of business done 1 ------------------------ 751 290 429 821 409 760 352 295 348 051 140 464 70 899 – – –

Value of construction work 1 --------------------------- 727 355 427 098 404 662 345 314 343 719 138 108 68 455 – – –

Net value of construction work† 1 ---------------------- 675 998 419 318 397 140 335 231 332 446 191 863 (D) – – –

Value added†† 994 -------------------------------------- 814 231 159 229 879 205 234 204 046 79 946 44 550 – – –

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels 705 ----- 118 190 882 172 359 136 978 132 732 72 167 (D) – – –

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others 51 -- 357 7 780 7 522 10 083 11 273 14 700 (D) – – –

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings 26 ---- 904 6 003 5 160 4 760 5 354 5 626 (D) – – –

Capital expenditures, other than land 69 ------------------ 501 12 136 25 433 11 158 13 018 7 756 (D) – – –

End-of-year gross book value of depreciable assets 887 ---- 158 200 096 247 465 200 491 155 269 51 677 32 159 – – –

1987

All employees** 17 ------------------------------------ 598 4 478 4 776 3 916 3 548 878 – – – –

Value of construction work 1 --------------------------- 330 056 342 721 331 610 283 242 299 910 72 572 – – – –

Value added†† 779 -------------------------------------- 621 195 495 198 215 177 635 168 247 40 027 – – – –

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR OF

ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 ------------------------------------ 4 6 6 2 (Z) (Z) – – –

Net value of construction work† 2 ---------------------- 5 6 4 1 (Z) (D) – – –

Capital expenditures, other than land 8 ------------------ 9 21 14 2 (Z) (D) – – –

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

Table 6. Selected Statistics by Size Class of the Dollar Value of Business Done for

Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

Establishments with dollar value of business done

Total

Less than

$25,000

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

to

$99,999

$100,000

to

$249,999

$250,000

to

$499,999

$500,000

to

$999,999

$1,000,000

to

$2,499,999

$2,500,000

to

$4,999,999

$5,000,000

to

$9,999,999

$10,000,000

or more

1992

Number of establishments 3 ------------------ 638 (S) 136 467 1 168 945 489 254 54 30 6 All employees** 19 --------------------------- 346 (S) 139 661 2 614 4 179 3 711 4 093 1 721 1 551 632 Payroll, all employees 443 ---------------------- 641 (S) 972 6 736 36 993 76 212 81 865 108 104 53 634 56 633 22 122 Dollar value of business done 1 --------------- 751 290 (S) 5 264 34 471 196 795 332 567 334 516 366 257 186 302 200 259 93 797 Value of construction work 1 ------------------ 727 355 (S) 5 264 33 992 195 548 328 309 330 497 359 808 183 343 195 750 93 797 Net value of construction work† 1 ------------- 675 998 (S) 5 208 33 257 191 623 322 051 325 772 350 323 178 533 268 191 (D)

Value added†† 994 ----------------------------- 814 (S) 2 911 17 727 101 299 180 723 196 384 212 984 114 121 113 678 54 500 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and

fuels 705 ------------------------------------- 118 (S) 2 297 16 008 91 570 145 586 133 407 143 788 67 371 104 522 (D)

Cost of construction work subcontracted out

to others 51 --------------------------------- 357 (S) 56 (S) 3 926 6 258 4 724 9 485 4 810 21 356 (D)

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and

buildings 26 --------------------------------- 904 (S) (S) (S) 3 197 4 160 3 995 5 584 2 397 3 520 3 631 Capital expenditures, other than land 69 --------- 501 (S) (S) 950 4 756 12 971 21 342 12 445 8 079 4 641 3 932 End-of-year gross book value of depreciable

assets 887 ----------------------------------- 158 (S) (S) 22 022 92 050 192 967 201 352 188 456 82 187 68 326 37 397

1987

All employees** 17 --------------------------- 598 (S) (S) 750 3 309 3 805 3 092 3 517 2 283 603 (D)

Value of construction work 1 ------------------ 330 056 (S) (S) 33 902 197 976 284 210 236 302 296 355 274 335 (D) (D)

Value added†† 779 ----------------------------- 621 (S) (S) 19 274 114 506 165 846 140 029 184 037 111 962 40 051 (D)

1992 RELATIVE STANDARD ERROR

OF ESTIMATE (PERCENT)

All employees** 2 --------------------------- (S) 19 11 6 7 7 4 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Net value of construction work† 2 ------------- (S) 16 9 6 6 7 4 (Z) (Z) (D)

Capital expenditures, other than land 8 --------- (S) (S) 31 16 19 24 6 (Z) (Z) (Z)

Note: Underscored data fields include data from adjoining columns which have been withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.

20–8nnWATER WELL DRILLING CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 7. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Type of

Construction: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Type of construction

Value of construction work

Relative standard error

of estimate (percent) for columnm

Total

New

construction

Additions,

alterations, or

reconstruction

Maintenance

and repair

A B C DABC D

1992

Value of construction work 1 -------------------------------------------- 727 355 1 205 815 135 992 384 073 2 2 5 2

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 734 707 509 970 64 805 159 932 3 3 7 5

Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 588 506 414 686 51 859 121 960 3 4 8 6

Single-family houses, detached 578 ---------------------------------------------- 452 407 618 50 811 120 024 3 4 9 6

Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 10 053 7 069 1 049 1 936 21 27 28 21

Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 11 ------------- 853 5 654 132 (S) 9 7 14 (S)

Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 13 377 10 416 (D) (D) 7 8 (D) (D)

Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 816 37 120 4 150 13 547 5 5 16 10

Industrial buildings and warehouses 26 -------------------------------------------- 559 17 155 3 825 5 580 7 5 28 9

Farm buildings, nonresidential 25 -------------------------------------------------- 971 15 612 2 188 8 170 11 12 22 18

Other nonresidential buildings 13 -------------------------------------------------- 625 9 327 (D) (D) 9 11 (D) (D)

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 991 173 695 845 71 187 224 142 2 3 6 2

Conservation and development construction 106 ------------------------------------- 027 75 051 9 968 21 008 7 9 9 8

Sewers, water mains, and related facilities 845 -------------------------------------- 007 600 221 54 988 189 798 2 3 7 3

Sewers, sewer lines, septic systems, and related facilities 8 ---------------------- 339 5 724 *661 1 954 22 26 45 16

Water mains and related facilities 836 -------------------------------------------- 668 594 498 54 327 187 843 2 3 7 3

Sewage treatment and water treatment plants 28 ----------------------------------- 303 14 173 2 312 11 817 7 9 1 5

Other nonbuilding construction 11 ------------------------------------------------- 836 6 399 3 918 1 519 7 9 4 26

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 1 475 (NA) (NA) (NA) 1 (NA) (NA) (NA)

1987

Value of construction work 1 -------------------------------------------- 330 056 835 156 97 644 239 010 2 2 6 3

Building construction------------------------------------------------------------ 561 220 403 350 56 946 100 924 3 4 8 5 Single-family houses ---------------------------------------------------------- 428 005 313 752 41 538 72 715 4 4 9 5 Single-family houses, detached 411 ---------------------------------------------- 246 303 345 39 212 68 688 4 4 9 5 Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses and townhouse-type

condominiums------------------------------------------------------------- 16 759 10 406 *2 325 4 027 17 16 42 23 Other residential buildings, including hotels, motels, and tourist cabins 15 ------------- 956 9 584 1 611 *4 760 24 23 32 47 Office buildings--------------------------------------------------------------- 11 425 8 163 1 846 1 415 15 17 20 18 Other commercial buildings such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service

stations--------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 028 23 920 6 359 3 749 5 6 5 21 Industrial buildings and warehouses 26 -------------------------------------------- 704 18 283 1 641 6 779 9 10 20 10 Farm buildings, nonresidential 18 -------------------------------------------------- 561 12 126 2 058 4 376 16 20 34 19 Other nonresidential buildings 26 -------------------------------------------------- 541 17 519 1 889 7 128 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)

Nonbuilding construction -------------------------------------------------------- 610 591 431 806 40 698 138 086 3 3 9 5

Conservation and development construction 5 ------------------------------------- 298 4 383 – 915 33 33 – 33

Water mains and related facilities 536 -------------------------------------------- 710 381 537 34 331 120 840 3 4 8 5

Sewage treatment and water treatment plants 17 ----------------------------------- 600 11 085 2 659 3 855 10 13 19 3

Other nonbuilding construction 50 ------------------------------------------------- 983 34 801 3 708 12 476 12 12 74 2

Construction work, n.s.k. -------------------------------------------------------- 158 244 (NA) (NA) (NA) 7 (NA) (NA) (NA)

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES WATER WELL DRILLINGnn20–9
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Table 8. Selected Statistics for Establishments With Payroll by Specialization in Types of

Construction: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. This table presents selected statistics for establishments according to degree of specialization in major types of construction

work. If number of establishments or value of construction work for a given type of specialization are relatively insignificant, data may not be shown. In addition, data are not shown in this table

where distribution of the value of construction work by type of construction was not provided in table 7. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms,

see appendix A]

Item

Value of construction work Relative standard error

of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Number of

establishmentsAll

employees**

Payroll, all

employees

For

all types

For

specialized

type

Net

value of

construction

work†

Value

added††

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

A B C D E F G HBDH

All establishments 3 -------------------------------- 638 19 346 443 641 1 727 355 1 544 925 1 675 998 994 814 51 357 2 2 3

Establishments not specializing by type 142 ---------------------- 979 24 913 92 162 (NA) 89 286 53 979 2 875 10 7 2 Establishments specializing 51 percent or more 3 --------------- 496 18 367 418 727 1 635 194 1 544 925 1 586 712 940 836 48 482 2 2 3

SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSES, DETACHED

All establishments specializing in type 1 ------------- 775 7 386 148 886 607 809 547 344 597 822 345 067 9 986 4 4 10

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 929 -------------------------------- 3 345 62 997 264 673 264 673 260 849 144 686 3 824 6 6 12

90 to 99 percent specialization 429 ---------------------------- 1 849 40 517 151 593 142 101 148 820 88 032 2 773 9 8 19

80 to 89 percent specialization 136 ---------------------------- 773 15 585 71 365 59 379 70 820 42 231 545 10 11 18

70 to 79 percent specialization 149 ---------------------------- 704 15 244 62 952 46 189 62 319 39 416 633 13 13 24

60 to 69 percent specialization 109 ---------------------------- 634 12 792 49 439 30 751 47 307 26 067 2 133 17 16 31

51 to 59 percent specialization *23 ---------------------------- 80 1 751 7 787 4 251 7 708 4 634 79 29 29 2

WATER MAINS AND RELATED FACILITIES

All establishments specializing in type 1 ------------- 423 8 791 218 394 826 817 816 922 802 645 483 524 24 172 3 2 4

Establishments with m

100 percent specialization 1 -------------------------------- 366 8 274 205 620 784 677 784 677 761 332 458 892 23 345 3 2 4

90 to 99 percent specialization 15 ---------------------------- 142 3 267 11 180 10 356 11 078 6 417 *102 33 34 45

80 to 89 percent specialization *20 ---------------------------- 129 2 947 9 347 7 779 8 865 4 897 482 36 23 25

70 to 79 percent specialization 4 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

60 to 69 percent specialization 2 ---------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

51 to 59 percent specialization *16 ---------------------------- *124 *2 283 *8 778 *4 886 *8 713 *4 191 *65 62 56 58

20–10nnWATER WELL DRILLING CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 9. Quarterly Construction Worker Employment for Establishments With Payroll by

State: 1992

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Construction workers1

Relative standard error of estimate (percent) for columnm Number of

establishments

Average

number of

construction

workers

January

to March

April

to June

July

to September

October

to December

A B C D E FABCDE F

United States 3 ----------- 638 14 683 13 863 14 887 15 616 14 364 2 2 2 2 2 2

Alabama 24 ------------------------ 96 96 95 100 94 8 14 15 13 14 14 Alaska 15 -------------------------- 27 21 23 31 31 (Z) 6 (Z) (Z) 5 10 Arizona 45 ------------------------- 288 277 309 302 263 10 8 8 8 8 9 Arkansas 41 ----------------------- 255 227 267 281 246 11 3 3 3 3 3 California 226 ----------------------- 1 851 1 834 1 857 1 941 1 773 6 3 3 3 3 3

Colorado 57 ------------------------ 212 203 206 233 207 10 9 10 9 9 9 Connecticut 41 --------------------- 150 128 161 163 146 18 11 2 10 10 7 Delaware 20 ----------------------- 56 50 65 59 51 37 28 31 35 26 31 District of Columbia – -------------- –––– –––––– – Florida 224 -------------------------- 788 758 799 804 790 8 7 7 7 8 7

Georgia 89 ------------------------- 297 296 293 312 285 9 13 12 13 12 14 Hawaii 7 -------------------------- 58 55 64 60 51 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Idaho 44 --------------------------- 156 141 170 166 147 18 13 15 12 14 14 Illinois 96 -------------------------- 409 387 403 430 416 10 8 9 9 9 8 Indiana 105 ------------------------- 357 338 345 384 360 8 13 15 14 13 13

Iowa 36 ---------------------------- 130 133 133 132 121 16 12 11 11 11 11 Kansas 38 ------------------------- 130 119 155 128 120 18 19 20 18 18 19 Kentucky 24 ------------------------ 61 57 62 63 60 (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) Louisiana 31 ----------------------- 96 99 101 94 90 8 9 8 8 8 9 Maine 55 -------------------------- 171 153 173 178 180 20 28 28 28 27 27

Maryland 51 ------------------------ 375 357 391 403 348 7 4 5 4 4 5 Massachusetts 49 ------------------ 187 179 179 203 187 16 14 13 15 15 15 Michigan 268 ------------------------ 932 733 1 001 1 020 974 8 10 10 10 10 10 Minnesota 107 ----------------------- 491 449 478 537 501 8 12 13 12 13 12 Mississippi 33 ---------------------- 284 273 288 287 288 23 20 15 18 18 25

Missouri 56 ------------------------ 225 211 224 241 223 9 7 6 6 6 9 Montana 56 ------------------------ 120 103 121 141 113 3 7 8 7 8 7 Nebraska 100 ----------------------- 399 401 414 427 352 6 9 9 9 8 9 Nevada 32 ------------------------- 181 195 198 188 142 27 15 14 14 14 19 New Hampshire 32 ----------------- 100 83 96 117 106 13 25 24 25 24 26

New Jersey 75 --------------------- 374 362 374 382 377 14 6 5 6 6 5 New Mexico 55 --------------------- 138 121 132 161 139 21 12 11 10 10 11 New York 146 ----------------------- 439 417 419 464 457 2 7 7 7 8 10 North Carolina 127 ------------------- 430 416 436 443 427 12 11 12 11 11 12 North Dakota 29 -------------------- 63 45 71 75 60 (Z) 8 14 5 9 7

Ohio 105 ---------------------------- 336 319 328 360 339 11 9 9 8 9 9

Oklahoma 41 ----------------------- 115 99 113 118 129 8 9 11 9 9 7

Oregon 59 ------------------------- 207 198 192 262 178 9 18 13 19 25 17

Pennsylvania 143 -------------------- 501 480 499 520 505 8 9 9 9 9 9

Rhode Island 14 -------------------- 33 25 33 38 34 (Z) 4 5 4 3 4

South Carolina 55 ------------------ 184 186 187 187 174 17 18 18 18 18 19

South Dakota 24 ------------------- 64 60 69 71 56 6 7 7 8 8 6

Tennessee 46 ---------------------- 204 201 200 213 201 12 11 12 10 9 10

Texas 266 -------------------------- 973 954 991 1 017 929 9 11 12 11 10 10

Utah 17 ---------------------------- *66 *57 *63 *74 *70 19 52 49 44 55 58

Vermont 27 ------------------------ 213 196 211 226 221 31 41 43 43 40 38

Virginia 103 ------------------------- 469 462 498 486 429 15 8 8 7 8 8

Washington 100 --------------------- 405 407 405 447 360 13 11 11 9 10 11

West Virginia 46 -------------------- 88 79 83 94 94 16 27 29 28 25 25

Wisconsin 137 ----------------------- 446 371 454 492 467 14 14 15 14 14 15

Wyoming 20 ------------------------ 57 53 61 62 53 11 12 12 14 10 12

1Construction workers during pay periods including 12th of March, May, August, and November.

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES WATER WELL DRILLINGnn20–11
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Table 10. Value of Construction Work for Establishments With Payroll by Location of

Construction Work: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of construction work

1992

Relative standard

error of estimate

(percent) for

columnm

Construction work done by

establishments located in

this State

Construction work done by

establishments not located

in this State

Value of

construction

work done in

this State Number

Value of

construction

work Number

Value of

construction

work

1987

value of

construction

work done in

this State

Percent

change

1987

(col F)

to

1992

(col A)

A B C D E F G A CE

United States 1 ----------------------------------------------- 727 355 3 628 1 583 426 715 143 929 1 330 056 29.9 2 2 2

Alabama------------------------------------------------------------- 15 453 24 8 241 25 7 212 11 310 36.6 11 21 3

Alaska -------------------------------------------------------------- 2 487 14 2 487 – – 4 360 –43.0 11 11 –

Arizona-------------------------------------------------------------- 21 183 44 19 911 6 1 272 17 064 24.1 5 6 (Z)

Arkansas ------------------------------------------------------------ 25 608 41 22 587 14 *3 021 13 665 87.4 8 4 62

California ------------------------------------------------------------ 262 191 226 255 769 11 6 423 148 313 76.8 2 2 (Z)

Colorado ------------------------------------------------------------ 26 367 57 (D) 9 (D) 15 609 68.9 9 (D) (D)

Connecticut ---------------------------------------------------------- 18 806 41 16 848 11 1 958 31 220 –39.8 6 7 5

Delaware ------------------------------------------------------------ 7 477 20 *5 643 13 1 834 9 222 –18.9 31 40 31

District of Columbia (D) --------------------------------------------------- – – 1 (D) (D) (D) (D) – (D)

Florida -------------------------------------------------------------- 82 160 224 81 598 *14 562 87 884 –6.5 7 7 8

Georgia ------------------------------------------------------------- 31 541 89 28 685 10 2 857 23 474 34.4 16 18 (Z)

Hawaii--------------------------------------------------------------- 16 551 (S) (D) 3 (D) (D) (D) (Z) (D) (D)

Idaho --------------------------------------------------------------- 25 892 44 (D) 9 (D) 3 774 586.1 13 (D) (D)

Illinois --------------------------------------------------------------- 53 195 96 47 511 29 5 684 48 997 8.6 6 7 3

Indiana -------------------------------------------------------------- 41 694 105 39 008 22 2 686 28 018 48.8 12 13 3

Iowa ---------------------------------------------------------------- 19 562 36 (D) 13 (D) 12 730 53.7 12 (D) (D)

Kansas -------------------------------------------------------------- 10 010 38 9 727 *12 *283 6 964 43.7 21 21 44

Kentucky ------------------------------------------------------------ 6 805 24 3 948 13 2 857 3 299 106.3 1 (Z) 2

Louisiana ------------------------------------------------------------ 12 215 31 6 460 *19 5 755 16 023 –23.8 13 10 26

Maine --------------------------------------------------------------- 20 087 55 18 630 14 1 457 16 952 18.5 22 23 22

Maryland ------------------------------------------------------------ 33 496 51 32 167 18 1 329 41 914 –20.1 6 6 24

Massachusetts 27 ------------------------------------------------------- 891 49 21 554 34 6 337 30 506 –8.6 11 14 8

Michigan------------------------------------------------------------- 107 636 267 102 378 17 5 258 68 693 56.7 7 7 7

Minnesota ----------------------------------------------------------- 54 980 107 (D) *6 (D) 48 620 13.1 9 (D) (D)

Mississippi ----------------------------------------------------------- 27 445 33 (D) 13 (D) 21 633 26.9 10 (D) (D)

Missouri ------------------------------------------------------------- 19 427 56 18 701 21 726 18 570 4.6 6 6 18

Montana------------------------------------------------------------- 14 124 56 (D) *4 (D) 8 180 72.7 7 (D) (D)

Nebraska ------------------------------------------------------------ 46 479 100 (D) 5 (D) 24 277 91.5 8 (D) (D)

Nevada-------------------------------------------------------------- 34 000 32 (D) 9 (D) 12 292 176.6 11 (D) (D)

New Hampshire 12 ------------------------------------------------------ 532 32 9 780 15 2 752 19 742 –36.5 18 23 19

New Jersey ---------------------------------------------------------- 53 837 75 51 937 13 1 900 48 567 10.9 5 5 1

New Mexico --------------------------------------------------------- 16 113 55 9 804 15 6 309 13 362 20.6 9 15 1

New York------------------------------------------------------------ 55 902 146 50 356 30 5 546 70 927 –21.2 7 8 15 North Carolina 43 ------------------------------------------------------- 792 121 39 112 *16 4 680 47 260 –7.3 11 12 15 North Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- 6 424 29 6 184 *3 *240 2 894 122.0 10 10 67

Ohio ---------------------------------------------------------------- 40 155 105 35 503 18 4 652 26 730 50.2 7 7 34 Oklahoma ----------------------------------------------------------- 9 036 41 7 374 *17 1 662 6 352 42.3 10 9 37 Oregon -------------------------------------------------------------- 18 050 59 16 819 *15 1 231 20 069 –10.1 14 15 26 Pennsylvania--------------------------------------------------------- 61 601 143 57 807 32 3 793 60 629 1.6 8 8 4 Rhode Island--------------------------------------------------------- (D) 14 (D) 5 (D) 4 907 (D) (D) (D) (D)

South Carolina 17 ------------------------------------------------------- 095 54 15 835 17 1 260 19 371 –11.8 15 17 10 South Dakota -------------------------------------------------------- 7 102 24 5 852 21 1 250 1 885 276.8 9 9 30 Tennessee----------------------------------------------------------- 16 729 46 16 470 *12 260 14 125 18.4 9 10 30 Texas --------------------------------------------------------------- 98 158 266 97 632 *20 526 72 704 35.0 10 10 11 Utah ---------------------------------------------------------------- 11 246 17 *5 690 6 5 556 1 521 639.4 25 49 (Z)

Vermont ------------------------------------------------------------- 18 680 27 *18 083 6 597 6 030 209.8 39 40 (Z)

Virginia -------------------------------------------------------------- 51 957 103 49 297 22 2 660 50 789 2.3 6 7 18 Washington ---------------------------------------------------------- 46 504 100 44 715 13 1 789 27 584 68.6 12 13 3 West Virginia--------------------------------------------------------- 8 788 46 7 178 22 1 610 7 260 21.1 19 23 12 Wisconsin ----------------------------------------------------------- 60 427 137 56 807 18 3 620 25 904 133.3 13 14 14 Wyoming ------------------------------------------------------------ 5 423 (S) (D) 6 (D) 4 296 26.2 8 (D) (D)

20–12nnWATER WELL DRILLING CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES
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Table 11. Dollar Value of Business Done for Establishments With Payroll by

Kind-of-Business Activity: 1992 and 1987

[Thousand dollars. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Based on their primary business activity or combination of activities, establishments were classified into this specific industry.

These establishments, however, may also be engaged in other kinds of business activities. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see

appendixes]

Primary and other kind of business activities

Dollar value of business done Relative standard error of estimate (percent)

1992 1987 1992 1987

All kinds of business 1 ------------------------------------- 751 290 1 368 347 2 2

SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS

Millwright --------------------------------------------------------- 9 569 11 063 16 16

Plumbing contractor ----------------------------------------------- 16 311 20 729 11 10

Septic system installation contractor 9 -------------------------------- 995 (NA) 28 (NA)

Water well drilling contractor 1 --------------------------------------- 659 694 1 216 053 2 2

Other construction activities 32 ---------------------------------------- 284 43 650 9 (NA)

OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

Retail trade------------------------------------------------------- 12 412 17 677 12 13 Other business activities ------------------------------------------- 10 302 24 498 11 (NA)

Kind of business activity, n.s.k. 724 ------------------------------------- 34 677 (Z) 12

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Table 12. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll: 1992 and 1987

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Selected statistics

1992 1987

Relative

standard error

of estimate

(percent)

for 1992

AVERAGE PER ESTABLISHMENT

Number of employees**---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.3 5.2 1 Number of construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4.0 4.0 1 Number of all other employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.3 1.2 2 Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 121.9 98.2 1 Payroll, construction workers------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 88.7 72.8 1 Payroll, other employees ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 33.3 25.4 2

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 481.4 400.8 1 Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 474.8 389.6 1 Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels do ----------------------------------------------------- -- 193.8 163.4 1 Construction work subcontracted to others do ------------------------------------------------------------ -- 14.1 9.0 3 Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings do --------------------------------------------------- -- 7.4 5.1 4 Capital expenditures, other than land ----------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 19.1 18.1 9 Gross book value of depreciable assets do -------------------------------------------------------------- -- 243.8 186.7 4

AVERAGE PER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, all employees --------------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 22.9 19.0 1

Dollar value of business done------------------------------------------------------------------------ do-- 90.5 77.8 1

Value added†† ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 51.4 44.3 1

AVERAGE PER CONSTRUCTION WORKER

Payroll, construction workers--------------------------------------------------------------------- $1,000-- 22.0 18.2 1

Value of construction work -------------------------------------------------------------------------- do-- 117.6 97.6 1

AVERAGE PER OTHER EMPLOYEE

Payroll, other employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------ $1,000-- 26.0 21.8 2

AVERAGE PER DOLLAR VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK

Payroll, all employees ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .257 .252 1

Cost of materials, components, supplies, and fuels---------------------------------------------------------- .408 .419 1

Cost of construction work subcontracted out to others ------------------------------------------------------ .030 .023 3

Value of construction work subcontracted in from others ---------------------------------------------------- .151 .161 7

Rental cost for machinery, equipment, and buildings -------------------------------------------------------- .016 .013 4

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Table 13. Selected Industry Ratios for Establishments With Payroll by State: 1992

[For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see appendix A]

Location of establishment

Average per dollar value of construction work

Average

number of

employees**

per establishment

Payroll

per

employee

($1,000)

Value of

construction

work per

construction

worker

($1,000)

Payroll,

all employees

Cost of

materials,

components,

supplies,

and fuels

Cost of

construction

work subcontracted

out to others

Value of

construction

work subcontracted

in from others

Rental

cost for

machinery,

equipment,

and

buildings

United States 5.3 -------------------------------- 22.9 117.6 .257 .408 .030 .151 .016

Alabama 5.5 ---------------------------------------------- 17.7 95.8 .252 .418 .029 .051 .004

Alaska 2.2 ----------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Arizona 7.8 ----------------------------------------------- 29.6 140.1 .256 .367 .029 .079 .020

Arkansas 7.7 --------------------------------------------- 18.0 90.0 .246 .541 .022 .045 .002

California 10.8 --------------------------------------------- 30.0 146.2 .271 .365 .051 .140 .026

Colorado 5.1 --------------------------------------------- 21.7 117.2 .252 .433 .014 (D) .012

Connecticut 4.9 ------------------------------------------- 28.7 127.9 .300 .449 .029 .263 .022

Delaware 4.0 --------------------------------------------- 21.9 113.3 .272 .395 .044 *.195 *.015

District of Columbia – ------------------------------------ –––––– –

Florida 4.6 ----------------------------------------------- 20.8 109.5 .250 .449 .031 .204 .010

Georgia 4.5 ---------------------------------------------- 17.5 101.9 .232 .427 .013 .057 .011

Hawaii 11.3 ------------------------------------------------ (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Idaho 4.6 ------------------------------------------------ 22.4 133.7 .217 .405 .044 .106 *.031

Illinois 6.1 ------------------------------------------------ 26.9 120.6 .318 .382 .011 .310 .016

Indiana 4.4 ----------------------------------------------- 23.9 124.6 .249 .371 .030 *.099 *.004

Iowa 5.1 ------------------------------------------------- 22.5 116.5 .272 .402 .048 .046 .008

Kansas 4.6 ----------------------------------------------- 26.5 111.0 .316 .382 .028 .031 .010

Kentucky 3.2 --------------------------------------------- 13.4 69.0 .245 (D) (D) .206 .030

Louisiana 3.6 --------------------------------------------- 13.5 69.7 .223 .448 .005 .038 .004

Maine 3.9 ------------------------------------------------ 19.1 109.1 .218 .446 .012 .056 *.019

Maryland 9.2 --------------------------------------------- 27.5 102.8 .335 .322 .017 .288 .025

Massachusetts 5.3 ---------------------------------------- 30.7 138.1 .310 .370 .011 .230 .017

Michigan 4.5 ---------------------------------------------- 20.4 110.6 .241 .399 .013 .153 .012

Minnesota 5.7 -------------------------------------------- 23.0 114.2 .251 .430 .029 .211 .015

Mississippi 11.2 -------------------------------------------- 19.0 108.4 .230 .450 .053 .035 .005

Missouri 5.5 ---------------------------------------------- 21.3 111.9 .263 .462 .016 .056 .009

Montana 2.7 ---------------------------------------------- 16.7 114.0 .182 (D) (S) .094 .012

Nebraska 5.4 --------------------------------------------- 22.1 120.9 .247 .469 .016 .028 .006

Nevada 6.7 ----------------------------------------------- 23.9 122.9 .229 (D) .019 .092 .025

New Hampshire 4.4 --------------------------------------- 25.2 120.2 .292 .407 (D) *.272 .013

New Jersey 6.6 ------------------------------------------- 31.5 157.3 .263 .348 .101 .166 .013

New Mexico 3.0 ------------------------------------------ 19.6 97.2 .241 .462 .010 .404 .009

New York 4.1 --------------------------------------------- 23.9 117.1 .278 .393 .030 *.151 .029

North Carolina 4.5 ---------------------------------------- 18.3 93.5 .259 .464 .028 .101 .011

North Dakota 3.0 ----------------------------------------- 20.8 114.1 .254 .476 .019 .037 .010

Ohio 4.2 ------------------------------------------------- 25.1 119.9 .278 .356 .027 .152 .020

Oklahoma 3.6 -------------------------------------------- 12.0 64.1 .239 .446 .004 .161 .011

Oregon 4.4 ----------------------------------------------- 17.8 88.8 .251 .482 .033 .177 .014 Pennsylvania 4.7 ------------------------------------------ 25.1 124.5 .272 .405 (D) .192 .011 Rhode Island 3.6 ------------------------------------------ 24.6 157.7 .236 .315 .005 .264 .003

South Carolina 4.5 ---------------------------------------- 19.3 109.7 .238 .360 *.023 .253 .011 South Dakota 3.6 ----------------------------------------- 17.8 91.6 .264 .512 (D) .056 *.011 Tennessee 5.7 -------------------------------------------- 17.9 101.5 .228 .409 .018 .065 .012 Texas 4.9 ------------------------------------------------ 17.0 104.1 .218 .429 .017 (S) .007 Utah 4.5 ------------------------------------------------- 16.2 88.1 .210 .371 (S) 1.194 .014

Vermont 8.9 ---------------------------------------------- 16.8 91.4 .209 .383 .010 .012 .023 Virginia 6.1 ----------------------------------------------- 23.6 107.7 .293 .464 (D) .083 .010

Washington 5.6 ------------------------------------------- 21.4 114.0 .259 .424 .042 .081 .015 West Virginia 2.2 ------------------------------------------ 13.3 86.9 .174 .445 .009 .048 *.029 Wisconsin 4.7 -------------------------------------------- 21.8 138.9 .226 .429 .028 .121 .014 Wyoming 3.7 --------------------------------------------- (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

CONSTRUCTIONmINDUSTRY SERIES WATER WELL DRILLINGnn20–15
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Appendix A.

Explanation of Terms

Construction. Is composed of three broad categories:

1. New construction. Includes the complete, original

building of structures and essential service facilities

and the initial installation of integral equipment such as

elevators and plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning

supplies and equipment.

2. Additions, alterations, or reconstruction. Includes

construction work which adds to the value or useful life

of an existing building or structure, or which adapts a

building or structure to a new or different use. Included

are ‘‘major replacements’’ of building systems such as

the installation of a new roof or heating system and the

resurfacing of streets or highways. This contrasts to

the repair of a hole in a roof or the routine patching of

highways and streets, which would be classified as

maintenance and repair.

3. Maintenance and repair. Includes incidental construction work which keeps a property in ordinary working

condition. Excluded are trash and snow removal, lawn

maintenance and landscaping, and cleaning and janitorial services.

Number of establishments in business during year.

Includes all establishments that were in business at any

time during the year. It covers all full-year and part-year

operations. Construction establishments which were inactive or idle for the entire year were not included.

Proprietors and working partners. These data were not

collected on the census report forms. The data shown are

based on crediting each sole proprietorship establishment

with one active proprietor and each partnership establishment with two working partners.

All employees. Comprises all full-time and part-time employees on the payrolls of construction establishments who

worked or received pay for any part of the pay period

including the 12th of March, May, August, and November.

Included are all persons on paid sick leave, paid holidays,

and paid vacations during these pay periods. Officers of

corporations are included, but proprietors and partners of

unincorporated firms are not.

All employees is the sum of all employees during the

pay periods including the 12th of March, May, August, and

November, divided by 4.

Construction workers. Includes all workers up through

the working supervisor level directly engaged in construction operations, such as painters, carpenters, plumbers,

and electricians. Included are journeymen, mechanics,

apprentices, laborers, truck drivers and helpers, equipment

operators, and on-site record keepers and security guards.

Supervisory employees above the working foreman level

are excluded from this category but are included in the

‘‘other employees’’ category.

Other employees. Includes employees in executive,

purchasing, accounting, personnel, professional, and

technical activities, as well as routine office functions.

Also included are supervisory employees above the

working foreman level.

Payroll. Includes the gross earnings paid in the calendar

year 1992 to all employees on the payroll of construction

establishments. It includes all forms of compensation such

as salaries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses,

vacation and sick leave pay, prior to such deductions as

employees’ Social Security contributions, withholding taxes,

group insurance, union dues, and savings bonds. The total

includes salaries of officers of these establishments, if a

corporation, but excludes payments to the proprietor or

partners, if unincorporated.

Fringe benefits. Represents expenditures made by the

employer during 1992 for legally required and voluntary

fringe benefit programs for employees.

Legally required contributions. Includes Social Security contributions, unemployment compensation, worker’s

compensation, and State temporary disability payments.

Voluntary payments. Includes life insurance premiums, pension plans, insurance premiums on hospital

and medical plans, welfare plans, and union negotiated benefits.

Dollar value of business done comprises the following

detail:

Value of construction work done. Includes all

value of construction work done during 1992 for

construction work performed by general contractors

and special trades contractors. Included is new construction, additions and alterations or reconstruction,

and maintenance and repair construction work. Also

included is the value of any construction work done

by the reporting establishments for themselves.

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Speculative builders were instructed to include the

value of buildings and other structures built or being

built for sale in 1992 but not sold. They were to

include the costs of such construction plus normal

profit. Also included is the cost of construction work

done on buildings for rent or lease.

Establishments engaged in the sale and installation

of such construction components as plumbing, heating, and central air-conditioning supplies and equipment; lumber and building materials; paint, glass, and

wallpaper; and electrical and wiring supplies, elevators or escalators were instructed to include both the

value for the installation and the receipts covering the

price of the items installed.

Excluded was the cost of industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment which are not an

integral part of a structure.

Other business receipts. Includes business receipts

not reported as value of construction work done. The

item includes business receipts from retail and wholesale trade, rental of equipment, manufacturing, transportation, legal service, insurance, finance, rental of

property and other real estate operations, and other

nonconstruction activities. Receipts for separately

definable architectural and engineering work for others are also included here.

Excluded was the value of construction work done and

receipts from other business operations in foreign countries and non-operating income such as interest and

dividends.

Net value of construction work. Derived for each establishment by subtracting the costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others from the value of construction

work done. (For a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in

Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Value added. Derived for each establishment, value

added is equal to dollar value of business done, less costs

for construction work subcontracted out to others, and

costs for materials, components, supplies, and fuels. (For

a further explanation see ‘‘Duplication in Value of Construction Work’’ section in the Introduction.)

Selected costs. Represents the costs for materials,

components, and supplies; costs for construction work

subcontracted out to others; and costs for selected power,

fuels, and lubricants. Capital expenditures and rental costs

for machinery, equipment, and structures are shown elsewhere.

Costs for materials, components, and supplies include:

• total costs to reporting establishments during 1992 for

the purchase of all materials, components, and supplies,

except fuels. (Supplies include expendable tools which

are charged to current accounts.)

• freight and other direct charges representing only amount

paid after discounts, and the value of materials, components, and supplies obtained from other establishments

of the respondent’s company.

• costs for materials, components, and supplies used by

the reporting establishments in the construction or reconstruction of buildings/ structures for themselves which

are chargeable to their fixed assets accounts, as well as

costs for materials bought and resold to others.

• costs made for direct purchases of materials, components, and supplies even though the purchases were

subsequently provided to subcontractors for their use.

Excluded from this item are:

• industrial and other specialized machinery and equipment such as printing presses and computer systems,

which are not an integral part of a structure.

• materials furnished to contractors by the owners of

projects.

Costs for construction work subcontracted out to others

include:

• all costs during 1992 for construction work subcontracted out to other construction contractors.

Excluded from this item are:

• the costs to the reporting establishment for its purchases of materials, components, and supplies provided

to a subcontractor for use. Such costs are reported

under, ‘‘costs for materials, components, and supplies.’’

• costs for the rental of machinery or equipment.

Costs for selected power, fuels, and lubricants include:

• costs for fuels, lubricants, and electric energy purchased

during the year from other companies or received from

other establishments of the company.

• costs for natural and manufactured gas, fuel oil, coal,

and coke products.

Rental costs for machinery, equipment, and buildings.

Includes all costs during 1992 for renting or leasing

construction machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, production equipment, office equipment, furniture

and fixtures, scaffolding, office space, and buildings. It

excludes costs for the rental of land. It also excludes costs

under agreements which, in effect, are conditional sales

contracts such as capital leases. Such costs are included

in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Selected purchased services. Includes all costs during

1992 for communication services purchased from other

companies or from other establishments of the company. It

also includes the cost of all repairs made to structures and

equipment by outside companies or from other establishments of the same company. It includes only the cost of

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repair necessary to maintain property and equipment. It

excludes the cost of improvements that increase the value

of property or the cost of adapting it for another use. Such

costs are included in ‘‘capital expenditures.’’

Assets and depreciation. Refers to the original cost of all

fixed tangible assets such as buildings and other structures (offices and shops); stationary machinery (generators and shop equipment); mobile machinery (tractors and

trucks); and other equipment (office furniture and fixtures).

Not included are such items as current assets, depletable

assets, intangible assets, and nondepreciable assets.

Data on assets and depreciation were collected separately for: (1) buildings and other structures, additions, and

related facilities; and (2) machinery and equipment.

Respondents were also asked to report capitalized

expenditures, depreciation charges, and the gross value

of assets sold, retired, scrapped, and destroyed during

1992.

Capital expenditures. Refers to all costs actually incurred

during 1992 which were or would be chargeable to the

fixed assets accounts of the reporting establishments and

which were of the type for which depreciation accounts are

ordinarily maintained. These expenditures cover the acquisition, the construction, and the major alteration of the

reporting establishment’s own buildings and other structures, whether purchased, constructed under contract, or

constructed by the reporting establishment’s own forces;

and the acquisition of machinery and equipment.

If leasing arrangements met the criteria set down by the

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) for a capital

lease, respondents were instructed to report the original

cost or market value of that equipment or building as a

fixed asset and capital expenditure if acquired during 1992.

If capital expenditures were not recorded directly at the

establishment level but handled centrally at the company

or division level, respondents were requested to report

appropriate estimates for the individual establishments.

Inventories. Includes all of the materials and supplies

that are owned regardless of where they are held. Excludes

materials which are owned by others, but held by the

reporting establishment.

Builders who built on their own account for sale were

requested to exclude work in progress and finished units

not sold from inventories.

Inventories of multiestablishment companies were instructed to be reported by the establishment that is

responsible for the inventories even if these inventories

were held at a separate location.

Ownership of construction projects. Shows the distribution of the value of construction work done by ownership

of the project; that is, Government owned or privately

owned. This classification relates to the ownership of the

projects or work undertaken during the construction phase.

Government owned projects are shown separately for

Federal and State and local governments.

Value of construction work subcontracted in from

others. Includes the value of construction work during

1992 for work done by reporting establishments as subcontractors. Establishments were asked to report the

approximate percent of total value of construction work

accounted for by such work, and the percentages reported

were applied to the reported value of construction work to

develop a value for this item.

Types of construction. Provides data by the types of

buildings, structures, or other facilities being constructed

or worked on by construction establishments in 1992.

Respondents were instructed that each building, structure,

or other facility should be classified in terms of its function.

For example, a restaurant building was to be classified in

the restaurant category whether it was designed as a

commercial restaurant building or an auxiliary unit of an

educational institution. If respondents worked on more

than one type of building or structure in a multibuilding

complex, they were instructed to report separately for each

building or type of structure. If they worked on a building

that had more than one purpose; i.e, office and residential,

or commercial, they were to classify the building by major

purpose.

In addition, all respondents were requested to report the

percentage of the value of construction work done for new

construction, additions, alterations, or reconstruction, and

maintenance and repair work for each of these types. See

the definition of ‘‘Construction’’ for the meanings of these

terms.

Building construction:

• Single-family houses, detached. Includes all residential buildings constructed for one family use.

• Single-family houses, attached, including townhouses

and townhouse-type condominiums. Includes all residential buildings with two or more living quarters side by

side, completely independent of one another, and separated by an unbroken party or lot line wall from ground to

roof.

• Apartment buildings with two or more units, including rentals, apartment-type condominiums, and cooperatives. Includes high-rise, low-rise, or any structures

containing two or more housing units other than attached

single-family houses.

• Hotels, motels, and tourist cabins. Includes hotels,

motels, bed and breakfast inns, and tourist cabins

intended for transient accommodations. Also included

are hotel and motel conference centers.

• Other residential buildings. Includes dormitories, fraternity and sorority houses, and other nonhousekeeping

residential structures.

• Office buildings. Includes all buildings which are used

primarily for office space or for government administrative offices. Also included are banks or financial buildings which are three stories or more. Medical office

buildings are reported under hospitals and institutional

buildings.

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• Other commercial buildings, such as stores, restaurants, and automobile service stations. Includes all

buildings which are intended for use primarily in the retail

and service trades. For example, shopping centers,

department stores, drug stores, restaurants, public garages,

auto service stations, and one or two story bank or

financial institutions.

• Industrial buildings. Includes all industrial buildings

and plants which are used to house production and

assembly activities. Note that industrial parks should be

classified under its primary usage such as warehouses,

office space, commercial or industrial type buildings.

Heavy industrial facilities such as blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, and chemical complexes are not included

in this category but are reported under nonbuilding

construction.

• Warehouses. Includes commercial warehouses, cold

storage plants, grain elevators, mini-warehouses, and

other such storage buildings.

• Religious buildings. Includes all buildings which are

intended for religious services or functions such as

churches, synagogues, convents, monasteries, and seminaries.

• Educational buildings. Includes all buildings which are

used directly in administrative and instructional activities

such as colleges, universities, elementary and secondary schools, correspondence, commercial, and trade

schools. Libraries, museums, and art galleries, as well as

laboratories which are not a part of a manufacturing or

commercial establishment, are also included.

• Hospitals and institutional buildings. Includes medical office buildings and all other buildings which are

intended to provide hospital and institutional care such

as clinics, infirmaries, sanitariums, nursing homes, homes

for the aged, and orphanages.

• Farm buildings, nonresidential. Includes nonresidential farm buildings such as barns, poultry houses, implement sheds, and farm silos.

• Amusement, social, and recreational buildings. Includes buildings which are used primarily for entertainment, social, and recreational activities such as sports

arenas, convention centers, theaters, music halls, golf

and country club buildings, skating rinks, fitness centers,

bowling alleys, and indoor swimming pools.

• Other nonresidential buildings. Includes nonresidential buildings which are not classified elsewhere such as

fire stations, post offices, bus and air passenger terminals and hangars, and prisons.

Nonbuilding construction:

• Highways, streets, and related work such as installation of guardrails, highway signs, and lighting. Includes streets, roads, alleys, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, culverts, right-of-way drainage, erosion control, and

lighting. Also includes earthwork protective structures

when used in connection with road improvements.

• Outdoor swimming pools. Includes wading pools and

reflecting pools.

• Airport runways and related work. Includes runways,

taxiways, aprons, and related work.

• Private driveways and parking areas. Includes all

nonstructural parking areas and private driveways of all

surface types.

• Fencing. Includes all types of fencing.

• Recreationalfacilities. Includes athletic fields,golf courses,

outdoor tennis courts, trails, and camps.

• Tunnels. Includes highway, pedestrian, railroad, and

water distribution tunnels.

• Bridges and elevated highways. Includes viaducts

and overpasses, roads, highways, railroads, and causeways built on structural supports.

• Dam and reservoir construction. Includes hydroelectric, water supply, and flood control dams and reservoirs.

• Marine construction. Includes dredging, underwater

rock removal, breakwaters, navigational channels, and

locks.

• Harbor and port facilities. Includes docks, piers, and

wharves.

• Conservation and development construction. Includes

land reclamation, irrigation projects, drainage canals,

levees, jetties, breakwaters, and flood control projects.

• Power and communication transmission lines, towers, and related facilities. Includes electric power lines,

telephone and telegraph lines, fiber optic cables, cable

television lines, television and radio towers, and electric

light and power facilities.

• Sewers, sewerlines, septic tanks, and related facilities. Includes sanitary and storm sewers, pumping stations, septic systems, and related facilities.

• Water mains and related facilities. Includes water

supply systems, pumping stations, and related facilities.

• Pipeline construction other than sewer or

waterlines. Includes pipelines for the transmission of

gas, petroleum products, and liquefied gases.

• Urban mass transit. Includes subways, trollies, street

cars, and light rail systems.

• Railroad construction. Includes the construction of

railroad beds, tracks, freight yards, and signal towers for

systems other than urban mass transit.

• Blast furnaces, petroleum refineries, chemical complexes, etc. Includes coke ovens and mining appurtenances such as tipples and washeries.

A–4 APPENDIX A CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES
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• Power plants, nuclear. Includes atomic energy plants

and nuclear reactors.

• Power plants, and cogeneration plants, except nuclear. Includes electric and steam generating plants and

cogenerating plants.

• Sewage treatment plants. Includes sewage treatment

and waste disposal plants.

• Water treatment plants. Includes water filtration and

water softening plants.

• Ships. Includes special trade contractors working on

ships and boats such as painters, carpenters, joiners,

electricians, etc.

• Other nonbuilding construction. Includes all types of

nonbuilding construction not included elsewhere.

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX A A–5
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Appendix B.

Standard Industrial Classification Titles for

Industry Groups and Industries

SIC

code Industry titles

15 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—GENERAL

CONTRACTORS AND OPERATIVE

BUILDERS

152 General Building Contractors—Residential

Buildings

1521 General Contractors—Single-Family Houses

1522 General Contractors—Residential Buildings,

Other Than Single-Family

153 Operative Builders

1531 Operative Builders

154 General Building Contractors—Nonresidential

Buildings

1541 General Contractors—Industrial Buildings and

Warehouses

1542 General Contractors—Nonresidential Buildings,

Other Than Industrial Buildings and Warehouses

16 HEAVY CONSTRUCTION OTHER THAN

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION—

CONTRACTORS

161 Highway and Street Construction, Except

Elevated Highways

1611 Highway and Street Construction Contractors,

Except Elevated Highways

162 Heavy Construction, Except Highway and

Street Construction

1622 Bridge, Tunnel, and Elevated Highway

Construction Contractors

1623 Water, Sewer, Pipeline, and Communications

and Power Line Construction Contractors

1629 Heavy Construction Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS

171 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

1711 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning

Special Trade Contractors

172 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

1721 Painting and Paper Hanging

Special Trade Contractors

SIC

code Industry titles

17 CONSTRUCTION—SPECIAL TRADE

CONTRACTORS—Con.

173 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

1731 Electrical Work Special Trade Contractors

174 Masonry, Stone Work, Tile Setting, and

Plastering Special Trade Contractors

1741 Masonry, Stone Setting, and Other Stone

Work Special Trade Contractors

1742 Plastering, Drywall, Acoustical, and Insulation

Work Special Trade Contractors

1743 Terrazzo, Tile, Marble, and Mosaic Work

Special Trade Contractors

175 Carpentry and Floor Work Special Trade

Contractors

1751 Carpentry Work Special Trade Contractors

1752 Floor Laying and Other Floor Work Special

Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

176 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

1761 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Work

Special Trade Contractors

177 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

1771 Concrete Work Special Trade Contractors

178 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

1781 Water Well Drilling Special Trade Contractors

179 Miscellaneous Special Trade Contractors

1791 Structural Steel Erection Special Trade

Contractors

1793 Glass and Glazing Work Special Trade

Contractors

1794 Excavation Work Special Trade Contractors

1795 Wrecking and Demolition Work Special

Trade Contractors

1796 Installation or Erection of Building Equipment,

Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

1799 Special Trade Contractors, Not Elsewhere

Classified

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Appendix C.

Geographic Divisions and States

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut

Maine

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey

New York

Pennsylvania

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois

Indiana

Michigan

Ohio

Wisconsin

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa

Kansas

Minnesota

Missouri

Nebraska

North Dakota

South Dakota

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Maryland

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES—Con.

North Carolina

South Carolina

Virginia

West Virginia

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama

Kentucky

Mississippi

Tennessee

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas

Louisiana

Oklahoma

Texas

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona

Colorado

Idaho

Montana

Nevada

New Mexico

Utah

Wyoming

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska

California

Hawaii

Oregon

Washington

CONSTRUCTION—INDUSTRY SERIES APPENDIX C C–1
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1992 CENSUS OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES

The Census of Construction Industries is taken once

every 5 years. The census covers all establishments

engaged in construction, including:

• Building contractors

• Heavy construction contractors

• Special trade contractors (including plumbers, carpenters, painters, electricians)

Data products in the census of construction industries are

issued in four publication series and in three media:

Printed reports [P]

CD-ROM [C]

Highlights online [+ ]

Preliminary Industry Series

(CC92-I-1(P) to -27(P))

(Available July 1994 through January 1995) [P] [C]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing national statistics for establishments with payroll. Statistics shown for 1992 include:

• Number of establishments

• Number of employees

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done, by type of structure

• Selected operating costs

Final Industry Series

(CC92-I-1 to -27)

(Available April 1995 through August 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Twenty-six separate industry reports and a U.S. summary report, providing statistics for the Nation and individual States on establishments with payroll. These reports

update figures from the preliminary industry series (employment, payroll, value of construction, etc.) and provide

measures of the following:

• Capital expenditures

• Inventories

• Industry profiles

• Assets

• Depreciation

• And much more

Geographic Area Series

(CC92-A-1 to -10)

(Available August 1995 through December 1995) [P] [C] [+ ]

Nine reports on the construction industries, representing each census geographic division, and a U.S. summary

report. Regional reports provide detailed data for States

and metropolitan areas.

Subject Report—Legal Form of Organization

and Type of Operation (CC92-S-1)

(Available August 1995) [P] [C]

One report providing selected national statistics for

each industry by legal form of organization and type of

operation. This report includes data for establishments

with and without payroll. Data in this report include—

• Employment

• Payroll

• Value of construction work done

• Selected operating costs

OTHER ECONOMIC CENSUS REPORTS

The census of construction industries is part of the 1992

Economic Census. The economic census is conducted at

5-year intervals in years ending in 2 and 7 and consists of

eight separate censuses:

• Census of Retail Trade

• Census of Wholesale Trade

• Census of Service Industries

• Census of Financial, Insurance, and Real Estate

Industries

• Census of Transportation, Communications, and

Utilities

• Census of Manufactures

• Census of Mineral Industries

• Census of Construction Industries

...plus several related programs: enterprise statistics; information on minority-owned and women-owned businesses;

and the census of outlying areas, including separate

economic census of Puerto Rico and other outlying areas.

The census of agriculture and census of governments are

conducted separately.

HOW TO ORDER DATA PRODUCTS

Order forms for the specific reports and other data

products may be obtained from Data User Services Division, Customer Services, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233-8300. If you have any questions, call

Census Customer Services 1-301-457-4100.

Publication Program