NATL INST OF STAND & TECH

NBS

PUBL/CATIO/VS

NBS SPECIAL PUBLICATION 675

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE/National Bureau of Standards

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Standards Committee

Activities of the

Bureau of Standards - 1983 Highlights
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The National Bureau of Standards' was established by an act ot Congress on March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology

and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts

research and provides: (I) a basis for the Nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to promote public safety. The Bureau's technical work is per- formed by the National Measurement Laboratory, the National Engineering Laboratory, and

the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology.

THE NATIONAL MEASUREMENT LABORATORY provides the national system of

physical and chemical and materials measurement; coordinates the system with measurement

systems of other nations and furnishes essential services leading to accurate and uniform

physical and chemical measurement throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry,

and commerce; conducts materials research leading to improved methods of measurement,

standards, and data on the properties of materials needed by industry, commerce, educational

institutions, and Government; provides advisory and research services to other Government

agencies; develops, produces, and distributes Standard Reference Materials; and provides

calibration services. The Laboratory consists of the following centers:

Absolute Physical Quantities^ — Radiation Research — Chemical Physics —

Analytical Chemistry — Materials Science

THE NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY provides technology and technical ser- vices to the public and private sectors to address national needs and to solve national problems; conducts research in engineering and applied science in support of these efforts; builds and maintains competence in the necessary disciplines required to carry out this research and technical service; develops engineering data and measurement capabilities;

provides engineering measurement traceability services; develops test methods and proposes

engineering standards and code changes; develops and proposes new engineering practices;

and develops and improves mechanisms to transfer results of its research to the ultimate user. The Laboratory consists of the following centers:

Applied Mathematics — Electronics and Electrical Engineering^ — Manufacturing

Engineering — Building Technology — Fire Research — Chemical Engineering^

THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY conducts

research and provides scientific and technical services to aid Federal agencies in the selection,

acquisition, application, and use of computer technology to improve effectiveness and

economy in Government operations in accordance with Public Law 89-306 (40 U.S.C. 759), relevant Executive Orders, and other directives; carries out this mission by managing the

Federal Information Processing Standards Program, developing Federal ADP standards

guidelines, and managing Federal participation in ADP voluntary standardization activities; provides scientific and technological advisory services and assistance to Federal agencies; and

provides the technical foundation for computer-related policies of the Federal Government.

The Institute consists of the following centers:

Programming Science and Technology — Computer Systems Engineering.

'Headquarters and Laboratories at Gaithersburg, MD, unless otherwise noted; mailing address Washington, DC 20234. 'Some divisions within the center are located at Boulder, CO 80303.
national bureau

of stamdards

LIBRARY Standards Committee Activities of tlie c

National Bureau of Standards ^'^^ 1983 Higlilights I

Karl G. Newell, Jr. ^

Office of Product Standards Policy

National Bureau of Standards

Washington, DC 20234

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director

Issued April 1984
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 84-601028

National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 675

Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Spec. Publ. 675, 53 pages (Apr. 1984)

CODEN: XNBSAV

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1984

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D C. 20402
ABSTRACT

This report summarizes NBS standards committee activities and

accomplishments during calendar year 1983. It profiles NBS

staff participation on outside standards committees and

highlights significant technical and individual contributions

made by NBS staff. In 1983, 446 staff members (or 28% of NBS'

professional, scientific, and technical staff) participated in

989 standards committees of 87 national and international

standards organizations.

Key Words: Annual Report; committee participation; standards

committees; voluntary standards.

i i i
CONTENTS

Page

Abstract iii

Introduction 1

Summary of Participation 3

Organizational Highlights 11

Awards 45

Appendix I - List of Acronyms/Abbreviations 47

Appendix II - NBS Form 83 51

iv
INTRODUCTION

This report summarizes NBS participation in and contributions to

national and international standards organizations during

calendar year 1983. The report contains two major sections:

1) a summary and statistical analysis of NBS staff activities,

and 2) highlights of significant technical and individual

contributions and accomplishments made by NBS staff.

The information contained in this report was obtained through

data collected by the SAMI project, using responses given on the

NBS Form 83 Record of Committee Assignment (See Appendix II).

The form, which is completed for each committee activity by NBS

staff members, enables NBS to maintain a complete record of

staff participation on standards committees. SAMI maintains a computerized data base on these activities. SAMI staff also

solicited the information included in the highlights section

from each NBS organizational unit.

446 NBS staff participate annually in activities of domestic and

international standards bodies. This report identifies those

individuals and their accomplishments. It is directed to NBS

managers and to outside standards bodies as a means of indicating the many individual contributions of NBS staff to our

national voluntary standards system.

In addition to participation with outside standards bodies, the

highlights section of the report covers activities dealing with

other standardization activities, such as the development of Law

Enforcement Standards and Federal Information Processing

Standards

.

Participation in standardization activities provides NBS with an

important avenue for dissemination of research. In turn,

involvement of NBS personnel in standardization activities provides

vital information on the Nation's measurement needs in such

areas as public health and safety, economic development, and

environmental protection. Standardization activities provide

not only an outreach program, but also afford NBS scientists and

engineers with an effective mechanism for interacting with their

counterparts in industry and academia.

1

SUMMARY OF PARTICIPATION

A. Introduction

In 1983, 446 (28%) of NBS ' 1,614 professional, scientific, and

technical staff participated on 989 standards committees of 87

standards organizations. NBS memberships on these committees

total 1,404.

The number of NBS staff participants and the average number of

memberships per participant remained essentially the same as in

recent years. The number of standards organizations in which

the staff participated dropped from 97 in 1982 to 87 in 1983.

The number of committees on which memberships were held dropped

from 1,046 in 1982 to 989 in 1983. The average number of

memberships per committee has increased from 1.24 in 1981 to

1.42 in 1983.

Highlights of Participation

Listed below are the highlights of the data collected by the

SAMI project. Although the data suggest that there is a general

decline in standards participation, the percentage of participation has remained relatively constant over the past three

years—29 percent in 1981 and 1982 and 28 percent in 1983.

NBS Perspective ^ ^

o The number of participants has declined over the

last three years by 5 percent, while the percentage of NBS staff participation has declined

by 1 percent (see Figure 1)

.

o The total number of memberships held by NBS

participants has declined over the last three

years (from 1,481 to 1,404); however, the

average number of memberships per participant

has remained essentially the same (see

Figure 2)

.

o The position of the participants on the

committees and the level of those committee

memberships has remained the same over the last

three years (see Figure 3).

o The number of standards committees in which NBS

staff participated has dropped by 17.5 percent

from 1981 (see Figure 4)

.

3
o The average committee tenure for 1983 was 6.5

years. The longest committee assignment was 30

years (see Figure 5)

.

NBS Organizational Units

o The Center for Building Technology, with 51

participants, had the largest percentage of

participation by center-level organizations

with 46 percent participation (see Table 1)

.

o The Center for Materials Science with 34 percent

participation, had the largest participation

with 81 participants (see Table 1)

.

o The Center for Fire Research had the highest

number of committee memberships per participant

with 5.3 (see Table 1).

o The Center for Materials Science, with 3.1.

memberships per participant, had the largest

number of committee memberships with 252

(see Table 1)

.

Outside Standards Organizations

o Fifty-two percent of all NBS memberships were on

committees of one standards organization — ASTM (see Figure 6).

o Nine standards organizations accounted for

eighty-three percent of NBS committee

memberships (see Figure 6).

o The largest percentage of committee memberships

were in the form of "member" (71 percent) of a "subcommittee" (43 percent) (see Figure 7).

4
Figure 1 Number and Percentage of NBS Participants

Total

Staff

1598

1 565

1604

ti of Participants 471 457 446

% of Participation

1981

29

1982

29

1983

28

Figure 2

Number of Participants and Memberstiips

# of Memberships

1481 1 454 1 404

# of Participants

471 457 446

ft of Memberstiips

Per Participant

1981

3.14

1982

3.18

983

3.15

5
Figure 3

Number and Percentage of Memberships by Committee Levels

% of Memberships

648

594

5^

214

h

' I Main Committee

t .. 3 Sub-Committee

608?

624

H Working Group

604

222

1 981

40 44 16

1 982

42 43 15

570

230

1 983

41 43 16

Figure 4

Number of Committees and Participants

# of Committees

1 198

# of Participants

471

1 981

1046

457 446

1982 1983

6
Table 1 Organizational Unit Participation Data

No. of No. of % Parti- No. of No. of Memberships

Staff

* Participants cipation Memberships Per Participant

NML 710 207 29 682 3.3

CAPQ 1 20 1 9 1 6 62 3.3

CRR 1 53 31 20 99 3.2

CCP 67 1 9 28 45 2.4

CAC 94 35 37 1 37 3.9

CMS* ' 240 81 34 252 3.1 Other 36 22 61 87 3.9

ICST 96 38 40 1 1 1 ?C- . QZ/ CPST 39 T5 38 2. 1 CCSE 49 21 43 73 3,5

Other 8 2 25 7 3,5

NEL 695 173 25 528 3.1 CAM 85 10 1 2 18 1 .8 CEEE 1 94 45 23 104 2.3

CME 122 24 20 58 2.4

CBT 1 1 2 51 46 1 82 3.6

CFR 66 22 33 1 1 6 5.3

CCE 98 15 1 5 41 2.7

Other 18 6 33 9 1 .5

Other 1 13 28 25 83 3.0

Total NBS 1,614 446 28 1 ,404 3.1 5

Key to aDbreviations NEL National Engineering Laboratory CAM - Center for Applied Mathematics CEEE - Center tor Electronics and Electrical Engineering CME - Center for Manutactunng Engineering CBT' - Center tor Building Technology CFR Center lor Fire Research CCE Center for Chemical Engineering

Other - Office of the NBS Director; Office of the Associate ICST - Institute lor Computer Sciences a rechnoioqy

Director tor Program. Budget, and Finance: Office of the CPST - Center tor Programming Science ana Technology

Director NBS/Boulder Laboratories, ana Office of CCSE Center for Computer Systems tngmeenng

Director of Administration

NML National Measurement LaDoratory CAPQ • Center for Absolute Physical Quantities CRR Center tor Radiation Research CCP • Center lor Chemical Physics CAC Center for Analytical Chemistry CMS - Center tor Matenals Science

* Professional, scientific, and technical staff.

* * Effective November 8, the Center for Materials Science was transferred from the National Measurement

Laboratory. Because the Center was a part of the laboratory for a major part of the report period, it is included with the laboratory.

7
Figure 5

Committee Tenure

# of Membersnips 535

583

230

Less Than

1 Year

1 -5 Years

5-10

Years Over 10

Years 4% 38°o 42^ 1 6^

Figure 6

Number and Percentage of Memberships

by Outside Standards Organizations

ASTM 724

(52%)

8
Figure 7

Level of Committee Memberships

9

ORGANIZATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS

In 1983, 446 NBS staff members participated in activities of 87

national and International standards-writing organizations. The

following highlights technical and individual accomplishments

for the year. The highlights have been selected by NBS center

managers as representative of their various research areas and

are limited to standards committee participation, but include

highlights of significant contributions made by NBS staff to

standards development in general.

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR

NBS Director Ernest Ambler served as Head of the U.S. Delegation

to the 17th General Conference on Weights and Measures, held in

Paris, October 17-21. The General Conference on Weights and

Measures is the official quadrennial mechanism used by nations

to reach agreement on definitions of quantities and the units by

which they shall be measured. The principal technical item

requiring action at this meeting was the adoption of a new

definition of the meter, which now is defined as the distance

light travels in a vacuum in the fraction 1/299,792,458 of a second. The conference also adopted a budget for the quadrennial period 1985-1988, and reelected half of the members of the

International Committee of Weights and Measures, including

Dr. Ambler.

Dr. Ambler serves as the U.S. member of the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM) , the 18-person committee

that guides the technical work of the International Bureau of

Weights and Measures and seven technical committees that report

to the CIPM. Dr. Ambler serves as Chairman of one of these

seven subcommittees — the Consultative Committee on Standards

for the Measurement of Ionizing Radiation (CCEMRI). The CCEMRI

met in Paris to discuss its technical program in July, and the

parent CIPM met in Paris on October 12 and 14, immediately prior

to the 17th General Conference on Weights and Measures.

Office of Product Standards Policy (OPSP)

Dr. Stanley I. Warshaw was the U.S. representative at the 11th

session of the United National Economic Commission for Europe

(UNECE) Group of Experts on Standardization Policies.

Dr. Warshaw was also elected to the U.S. National Committee of

the International Electrotechnical Commission (lEC), and was a delegate to the 58th General Meeting of the lEC. Dr. Warshaw

also headed the U.S. delegation to the 7th International

Laboratory Accreditation Conference. The primary purpose of the

conference is to develop criteria and guidelines that allow for

the mutual acceptance of test data between laboratories of

11
i

various accreditation systems. The United States effected a bilateral agreement for such reciprocity with the United Kingdom

during this year, similar to those established with Australia

and New Zealand last year.

John L. Donaldson served as the U.S. representative to DEVCO,

the development committee of the International Organization for

Standardization (ISO). He attended as part of the U.S.

delegation, the annual meeting of CERTICO, the certification

committee of ISO, and worked with the staff of ISO to analyze

responses to an international survey of certification programs.

Mr. Donaldson also participated in a study mission to Tokyo,

Japan on the issue of authorization of U.S. -based agents for

Japanese product approval systems. The study mission concluded

that much remains to be done before U.S. producers have easy

access to Japanese markets. Careful study of the information

gained is necessary before an action plan can be drafted.

John Locke was the U.S. Delegate to meetings of Task Force C and

the Editorial Committee of the International Laboratory

Accreditation Conference (ILAC) held at ASTM Headquarters in

Philadelphia, PA. He served as chair of working party 2 which

developed a report entitled "Typical Laboratory Accreditation

System Administrative Procedures and Forms." Mr. Locke

participated in the work of Task Force D on "Guidelines for

Development of a Quality Control Manual for Testing Laboratories." He participated in the U.S. delegation to the (ILAC) in

Prague, Czechoslovakia. He also participated in a meeting of an

ad hoc group of CERTICO, which was preparing the "Guide to the

Establishment and Operation of Proficiency Testing Programs."

Donald Mackay received the Leo B. Moore Medal from the Standards

Engineering Society (SES) . The award, which is the highest

presented by the SES, is for extraordinary contribution, professional achievement, and distinguished service in the field of

standardization. This is the first time an NBS employee has

received the award.

Sophie J. Chumas received the Standards Engineering Society's

William J. Slattery Award for excellence in Standards

Information. The award is bestowed on an individual whose

outstanding contributions have advanced the profession of

standards engineering. She was honored for maintaining the

extensive collection of voluntary standards and for her 20 years

of service.

OPSP staff participated in meetings of the Trade Policy Staff

Committee's (TPSC) subcommittee on standards. This subcommittee

is comprised of representatives of key Government agencies and

is chaired by the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative

(USTR) . It prepares for bilateral standards-related trade

12
discussions with other countries, provides technical and policy

input for multi-nation activities under the GATT Standards Code,

and assists in the implementation of the Code in the United

States.

The staff contributed a major section of a required 3-year

report to Congress on the "Agreement on Technical Barriers to

Trade - Standards Code." The report summarized responsibilities

and accomplishments for standards-related activities covered by

the U.S. Trade Agreements Act of 1979.

Walter G. Leight participated in meetings of the Industry

Functional Advisory Committee (IFAC) . He reported on the

responsibilities assigned NBS concerning the GATT Inquiry Point,

the National Center for Standards and Certification Information,

and the GATT Technical Office. IFAC works with private sector

representatives to assure effective technical support in

bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations.

OPSP staff chairs the International Standards Task Group of the

Interagency Committee on Standards Policy (ICSP). During 1983,

the Group completed work on the development of "Guidelines for

Agency and Employee Participation in International Standards

Activities." These guidelines cover most of the activities

involved in preparing for or participating in an international

standards meeting and are intended to provide useful advice to

the agency and employee in dealing with such activities. The

guidelines have been approved by the ICSP and agencies are now

taking steps to implement them.

The Standards Management Program of OPSP manages U.S. participation in the International Organization of Legal Metrology

(OIML) . During 1983, as in previous years, U.S. participation

in OIML remains active. The following highlight U.S. initiatives taken within OIML during 1983:

o Cryogenic Meters - NBS worked with the Compressed Gas

Association and the National Conference on Weights and

Measures in the development of a draft OIML International Recommendation on cryogenic meters for use in

measuring nitrogen, oxygen and argon. The draft

includes provisions of the existing NBS Handbook 44 in

use in the States, and provisions of the measurement

standard used within the European Industrial Gases

Committee. The first international meeting on the draft

was held in December.

13
o Electronic Weighing Instruments - Work on the draft OIML

Recommendation on electronic scales continued in 1983.

NBS, in cooperation with the Scale Manufacturers Association and a U.S. working group of scale manufacturers,

produced a 3rd draft Recommendation that was circulated

to OIML member nations for review and was the subject of

an international meeting in September. The work is

important in that it will establish internationally uniform requirements for electronic scales used in trade.

o Weights - NBS developed a draft OIML Recommendation that

consolidates five existing Recommendations covering

various types and classes of mass standards used in

trade and industry throughout the world. It will soon

be circulated for comment.

o Pollution Monitoring Instrumentation - NBS, in cooperation with EPA and an established U.S. working group

consisting of manufacturer and trade association representatives, organized two secretariats dealing with

water pollution and with pesticides and toxic substances. Work has begun on draft OIML Recommendations

covering various types of monitoring instrumentation.

Drafts are expected to be issued by the end of 1983, and

the first international working group meeting on the

drafts has been scheduled for early 1984.

o Materials Testing Machines - NBS, in cooperation with a U.S. working group consisting of manufacturers of materials testing equipment, has completed work on two draft

OIML Recommendations dealing with general performance

requirements for testing machines and with requirements

for tension and compression testing machines. These

drafts are now out for balloting within OIML. The

Recommendations are important in that they are the first

international standards dealing exclusively with the

testing machine itself. Work going on within ISO, for

example, deals with materials tests and not with the

machines themselves. A third Recommendation on verification devices for calibrating testing machines has been

developed and is now undergoing review within OIML

member nations. This work is expected to be completed

within 1984.

o Prepackaged Products - NBS, in cooperation with a U.S.

Working Group consisting of manufacturer and Government

representatives, developed a draft OIML Recommendation

covering the labeling of consumer type prepackaged

products. The draft is intended to establish internationally uniform requirements for the labeling of

prepackaged products and is important to international

14
trade. The draft Recommendation and other packaging

topics were the subject of an OIML sponsored international symposium and technical level meeting held in

Switzerland in June.

Metrological Controls - NBS completed work on three

draft OIML documents pertaining to methods by which

legal metrology officials assure the correctness of

instruments and measurements covered by regulation. The

drafts establish general principles for conducting

pattern evaluation tests and for carrying out tests to

determine an instrument's correctness for use after

installation and during its period of use in trade. The

drafts are important in that they seek to introduce new

means of control such as manufacturer self-certification

or third party accreditation as alternatives to traditional and more rigid government-only testing programs.

The drafts are undergoing review within a U.S. working

group and will be the subject of an international

meeting in April 1984.

International Measurement Vocabulary - An international

working group consisting of representatives of the OIML,

ISO, lEC, and BIPM has completed work on the first

edition of a joint international vocabulary of fundamental measurement terms. NBS participated in the work

through OIML and lEC. The new vocabulary will soon be

published by ISO and will be available for purchase

through the four organizations at a cost of about

10 OFF.

Achievement of Wider Publicity for OIML Proposals - In

June the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in

cooperation with NBS began listing proposed OIML International Recommendations (IRs) in the ANSI biweekly

Standards Action . This wider public exposure to OIML

proposals gives exporters and others in the United

States an opportunity to review and participate in the

development of these proposals which can affect world

trade of measuring instruments, related commodities and

services.

15
NATIONAL MEASUREMENT LABORATORY

Headquar ter

Dr. William H. Kirchhoff has served for the past three years as

founding chair of ASTM Committee E-47, on Biological Effects and

Environment Fate. During the past year, he initiated a new

subcommittee activity in the area of genetic toxicology. In

vitro test methods for mutagenesis are becoming increasingly

important for the screening of chemicals for potential carcinogenicity. Four task groups dealing xwith the Ames assay, the

dominant lethal assay, and the micronucleus and drosophial tests

have been formed. The committee also has responsibility for

development of test methods for those properties of chemicals

related to their distribution in the environment and for aquatic

toxicology. In August, Dr. Kirchhoff was invited to represent

ASTM at a symposium on Awareness of Information Sources

sponsored by the American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Dr. Kirchhoff spoke on Environmental Measurements, Standards,

and Decisions.

Office of Nondestructive Evaluation (ONDE)

Dr. Leonard Mordfin was elected Chair of ISO/TC135/SC3 on

Acoustic Methods of Nondestructive Testing, at the September 15,

meeting in Ottawa, Canada. Recognizing the importance of

nondestructive testing standards to the growth of international

trade in high-quality products, the meeting attracted delegates

from nine countries. In an effort to revitalize the

subcommittee, Mordfin proposed a new program of work, dealing

with both ultrasonic and acoustic emission test methods. The

proposal was adopted and Dr. Donald G. Eitzen of the Center for

Manufacturing Engineering, the U.S. delegate to the subcommittee

meeting, successfully secured commitments from several of the

other attendees for assistance in drafting new documents.

Center for Absolute Physical Quantities (CAPQ)

George W. Burns received the ASTM Award of Merit at ceremonies

hosted by the ASTM Committee E-20 on Temperature. The award is

granted to individuals for distinguished service to the cause of

voluntary standardization. Mr. Burns was also named as a Fellow

of the ASTM.

Center for Radiation Research (CRR)

The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) has

published in the November/December issue of the journal Medical

Physics a "Protocol for the determination of absorbed dose from

high-energy photon and electron beams." The Protocol was

written by Task Group Group 21 of the Radiation Therapy

Committee of the AAPM, of which R. Loevinger is a member. The

16

i
Protocol is based on an analysis due to Loevinger, and published

by him in the same journal (January 1981) under the title, "A

formalism for calculation of absorbed dose to a medium from

photon and electron beams." The Protocol will be used

throughout the United States to calculate the dose to patients

receiving radiation therapy for cancer using photon and electron

beams with energies above a few MeV.

CRR staff developed the experimental data base for the

production and standardization of a 6.5-MeV appropriately

monoenergetic photon beam produced by ^^F (p , aY) -'-^0 reaction in

the Center's positive-ion accelerator. The beam is to be used

in the calibration of radiation-protection instruments. The

data were employed by Margarete Ehrlich for determining

instrument response as a function of photon energy in the range

3 to 10 MeV, and in the preparation of an addendum to the

current draft standard of IS0/TC8 5/SC2/WG2 , X- and gamma-ray

reference radiations for calibrating dosimeters and dose-rate

meters. The addendum is concerned with the dosimetry of the

high-energy photon beams specified in the draft standard.

Daniel Polansky received the ASTM Award of Merit and designation

as fellow of the society at the annual meeting of ASTM in Kansas

City, MO. He was cited for his years of outstanding service to

ASTM in the development of Committee E-7 on Nondestructive

Testing and the standards it produced. The award recognizes his

leadership and initiative in the area of voluntary standardization and his many contributions and papers in the field of

nondestructive evaluation.

CRR hosted the annual meeting of ISO/TC85/SC2/WG2 , on Reference

Radiations, in June. Radiation experts in attendance at the

meeting from England, France, Germany, and Italy discussed

standards in the areas of high energy photon radiation, surface

contamination, neutrons, and X-rays.

A principal accomplishment of the meeting was the completion of

a new draft standard entitled "Neutron Reference Radiations for

Calibrating Neutron Measuring Devices Used for Radiation

Protection Purposes and for Determining Their Responses as a Function of Neutron energy." Approximately one-quarter of the

"Reference Radiations" cited in this standard were developed at

NBS. These include the D2O Moderated Californium Source and the

Reactor Filtered Beams.

Center for Chemical Physics (CCP)

Dr. C. J. Powell was elected Chair of ASTM Committee E-42 on

Surface Analysis for 1984-86.

Dr. J. Fine has been appointed Chair of the Subcommittee on

Standard Reference Materials of ASTM Committee E-42 on Surface

Analysis for 1984-85.

17
Round robin testing of a synthetically prepared refuse-derived

fuel (RDF) was carried out through ASTM Committee E-38 on

Resource Recovery, and its Subcommittee E-38. 01 on Energy in

January and February. Jennifer C. Colbert prepared the

synthetic RDF samples and arranged for tneir distribution and

testing among 12 participating laboratories, including NBS. The

results of the round robin testing showed that determinations

for residual moisture, ash content, and calorific value were as

precise as similar determinations made on a standard coal

sample, SRM-1632a.

The data base obtained from the round robin testing helped

justify the establishment of a synthetic RDF as a standard

reference material. A large quantity of the synthetic RDF has

been prepared and tests are underway to demonstrate its overall

homogeneity. After the homogeneity of the synthetic RDF is

assured, determinations will be carried out for residual

moisture, ash content, and calorific value by Jennifer Colbert.

These determinations will constitute the certification of the

synthetic RDF.

Center for Analytical Chemistry (CAC)

Dr. John K. Taylor has been elected for a 2-year term as Chair

of ASTM Committee D22 on Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres.

Previous to this, he has served as chair of its subcommittee

D22.01 on Quality Assurance.

Dr. John K. Taylor served as co-chairman of an ASTM symposium on

"Quality Assurance for Environmental Measurements" held at the

University of Colorado at Boulder, August 8-12. He also presented the key-note address, "What is Quality Assurance?" The

symposium, co-sponsored by ASTM, EPA, and NBS had an attendance

of 125 persons. The papers presented will be published as an

ASTM Special Technical Publication, of which Dr. Taylor is

co-editor.

Work was completed in May on a round robin evaluation of the

ASTM Method "Total Carbon by Combustion - Instrumental Measurement Method." NBS served as a cooperating laboratory for ASTM

Subcommittee E03.01 on Ferrous Metals; CAC staff provided a number of the samples used in this study. The expertise

required for the accurate measurements has been obtained through

a recently re-established program for the characterization of

metals for C, S, N2, 02/ and H2.

An evaluated compilation, "Isotopic Abundances and Atomic

Weights of the Elements," has been accepted for publication, and

two separate papers, "Atomic Weights of the Elements, 1981,"

Pure and Applied Chemistry, 55 (7), 1101-1118, 1983, and

"Isotopic Compositions of the Elements," Pure and Applied

Chemistry, 55 (7), 1119-1136, 1983, were published under the

18

J
auspices of the International Union of Pure and Applied

Chemistry, Commission on Atomic Weights. I. L. Barnes and

Thomas Murphy serve as titular members of the Commission, and

Stephen Peiser of NBS serves as an associate member. All have

contributed substantially to the documents. Isotope abundance

and atomic weight measurements and evaluations provide fundamental information for chemical composition measurements and

provide an accuracy base for many of the standards and reference

materials produced by NBS.

On May 18-20, CAC and the National Committee for Clinical

Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) cosponsored a workshop entitled

"Direct Potentiometr ic Measurements in Blood" at NBS. Its

purpose was to provide a forum for research scientists, manufacturers, and users of clinical instrumentation to discuss the

current status and the needs of direct potentiometr ic measurement in blood with particular emphasis on the measurement of

sodium. The workshop was hosted by CAC and chaired by William

Koch. The proceedings of the workshop will be published by the

NCCLS. As a result of this workshop, an effort will be made by

the NCCLS subcommittee on electro-analytical methods to use

materials currently available from NBS to standardize these

potentiometr ic measurements.

Center for Materials Science (CMS) *

For U.S. flag ships, whether built in foreign countries or

domestically with foreign materials, the U.S. Coast Guard is

required to certify that materials produced under foreign

specifications for specific components meet U.S. codes and

standards. To help ensure compliance, the Coast Guard called

upon NBS to analyze material specifications and develop a methodology for comparison. Dr. James G. Early carried out a detailed metallurgical evaluation of the most widely used

material specifications for ships components taken from ASTM,

DIN, and JIS standards. Based on these comparisons. Dr. Early

developed new guidelines for comparing domestic and foreign

material specifications. These guidelines will ensure that the

Coast Guard, product suppliers, ship builders, and owners will

have the same criteria when evaluating materials. The results of

this study have been published in NBSIR 82-2481, "Analysis of

Foreign and Domestic Material Specifications for Ships

Components," and NBSIR 83-2692, "Evaluation Criteria for

Comparing Domestic and Foreign Materials Specifications."

* Effective November 8, 1983, the Center for Materials Science

was transferred from the National Measurement Laboratory.

Because the Center was a part of the Laboratory for a major

part of the reporting period, it is included with the

Laboratory

19
Dr. James G. Early, received the Award of Merit from ASTM

Committee E38 on Resource Recovery at the Committee's October

meeting in Madison, WI . The award recognizes outstanding

contributions to the development of standards for recovered

resources. Dr. Early had previously been elected a Member-atLarge of ASTM Committee E38 and recently was named Chair of

ASTM Subcommittee E38.02, on Ferrous Materials.

CMS staff reviewed the document "Recommended Reference Materials

for Realization of Physicochemical Properties - Section on Optical Refraction (Refractive Index) " published by the Chemistry

Division, Commission on Physicochemical Measurements and

Standards, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

(lUPAC) . A revised document was prepared by Albert Feldman of

CMS, and Irving Malitson, a consultant to CMS. The revision was

based on a survey of standards laboratories in Poland, the

United Kingdom, France, the Federal Republic of Germany,

Hungary, and the USSR, to ascertain whether any of the laboratories provided certified reference materials. Although some of

the laboratories do provide a refractive index measurement

service, no laboratory indicated that it supplied refractive

index standards. Only NBS and the American Petroleum Institute

(API) supply certified standard reference materials. The work

was performed at the request of the Office of Standard Reference

Materials during the first half of 1983.

A Thin Film Oxygen Uptake Test (TFOUT) has been developed by

C. S. Ku and S. M. Hsu to evaluate the oxidation tendencies of

automotive engine lubricants. The test procedure is currently

under round robin testing in ASTM Committee D-2 on Petroleum

Products and Lubricants. A procedure was developed using a catalyst package to simulate high temperature oxidation products

from an automotive engine. A good correlation was found between

test results and actual oxidative performance experienced in

field studies. The catalyst package that was developed for the

TFOUT test has been produced as a standard reference material

(SRM 1817). Use of the catalyst package helps industries to

avoid costly unnecessary engine tests.

Staff of CMS participated in ASTM Committee D-2 on Petroleum

Products and Lubricants, LIX-8 round robin. This is part of a program to develop a standard bench test method for evaluation

of the "Coefficient of Friction of Fluids." Tests were

conducted on a set of 13 lubricants from the five car ASTM fuel

economy test program.

A novel test method to measure frictional properties of materials has been developed by R. G. Gates and S. M. Hsu. The test

procedure has been submitted to ASTM Committee D-2, Technical

Division L, Joint ASTM-ASLE Committee on Industrial Lubricants,

20
Section XI-8, for round robin evaluation. The test procedure

uses a wear-in phase with a model compound to produce constant

surface roughness and contact area. The sample is then introduced and tested under constant film thickness. Results of this

test have been shown to correlate with the five car ASTM fuel

economy test.

NBS Special Publication 651, "Lubricating Oil Basestock Data

Analysis" by S. M. Hsu, D. A. Becker, S. J. Weeks, and D. W.

Brinkman was distributed within ASTM Committee D-2, Technical

Division P, on Recycled Petroleum Products. This data includes

191 data tables, 240 distributional and run sequence plots, plus

a complete listing of test methods. This invaluable data base

will provide an universal standard for lubricating base oil

production quality control world-wide for decades to come. In

addition, this data base fills a vacuum in addressing the

batch-to-batch quality control for re-refined base oils, a key

issue in oil recycling.

A symposium on Quality Assurance of Polymeric Materials and

products was sponsored by ASTM Committees D-20 on plastics and

E-11 on statistical methods. Committee D-20 was chaired this

year by Dr. Ronald K. Eby of the Polymer Science and Standards

Division. Dr. John Barnes presented a talk, "The Role of Interlaboratory Test Programs in Quality Assurance," as part of the

one-day symposium. Other speakers from the United States and

abroad represented industrial, government, and university

organizations and covered a wide spectrum of subjects from broad

concepts to the latest in individual analysis.

Dr. R. K. Eby completed two years as Chair of ASTM Committee

D-20 on Plastics at D-20's fall meeting in St. Louis, MO. D-20

is the third largest ASTM committee with most of its 700 members

representing the large and rapidly growing polymer materials and

products industry. In the past two years, Dr. Eby guided the

standards writing activity of D-20 in response to industrial

needs arising from three major sources: (1) new materials, such

as anisotropic composites where previous test methods are

inappropriate, (2) new structural applications in automobile

components and similar aircraft components with new critical

performance requirements, and (3) materials substitution, such

as large shipping containers where failure modes unique to

polymers must be taken into account.

A manuscript, "A New Test Method for Determining Environmental

Stress-Crack Resistance of Ethylene Based Plastics" was

published in the July ASTM Journal of Testing and Evaluation, by

Dr. John Crissman. A new test method is proposed for the

determination of the environmental stress-crack resistance of

ethylene based plastics. The method incorporates features of

21
both ASTM Test for Environmental Stress-Cracking of Ethylene

Plastics (D-1693) and Test for Environmental Stress Rupture of

Type III Polyethylenes Under Constant Tensile Load (D-2552)

.

The statistical data presented indicate that the coefficients of

variation that can be expected from the new test are at least

comparable to those reported earlier in round robin tests

carried out using ASTM D-2552. The principle advantage of the

proposed new test over both ASTM D-1693 and D-2552 is a substantial savings in the time required to collect the data.

Dr. John D. Barnes and Keith Kirby of the Office of Standard

Reference Materials conducted a workshop on water vapor

transmission standards with representatives of three ASTM

committees in Washington, DC on January 18. The workshop

addressed the needs for new Standard Reference Materials and

improved test methodology. Measurements of the rate at which

water vapor permeates through materials are important in

characterizing packaging films, paints, and vapor retardant

layers used in building insulation. The meeting participants

agreed to collaborate on research in three areas: (1)

assessing, by means of an inter laboratory evaluation program,

the present state of the measurement system for WVTR; (2)

screening candidate materials for suitability as new Standard

Reference Materials; and (3) development of referee measurement

methods.

Gerhard M. Brauer was elected member-at-large of the Executive

Committee of ASTM Committee F-4, on Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices. Dr. Brauer is also Chair of the Subcommittee

F4,02.1 on Polymeric Materials. In the past year, this Subcommittee initial task approval of standards on Degradation in

Polymeric Materials and on Poly tetraf luoroethylene, and established two new task forces on Polyethylene and Polyurethane.

Dr. Bruno M. Fanconi published the paper "Fourier Transform

Infrared Spectroscopy of Polymers-Theory and Application" in the

Journal of Testing and Evaluation. The Fourier Transform

Infrared (FT-IR) technique is replacing conventional dispersive

instruments in acquisition of infrared spectroscopic data, and

existing standard test methods for IR spectral analysis will

need to be modified. FT-IR has the advantages of greater

signal-to-noise ratio and digitized data that both open up new

areas of application and also provide greater sensitivity in

traditional areas.

Representatives from CMS recently participated in a workshop

concerned with the need for reference polyethylene for research

intended to benefit technologies related to plastic pipes and

fittings used in gas distribution systems. The workshop was

sponsored by the Gas Research Institute with participation from

22
gas utilities, resin producers, pipe and fittings manufacturers,

universities, independent laboratories, and NBS. The major

conclusion of the workshop was that a reference polyethylene,

well-characterized and readily available to all researchers,

would greatly benefit in tercompar isons of results of basic and

applied research. It was concluded that the reference polyethylene should be one in current use in gas distribution and

should be available in resin form as well as in molded pieces of

the kind used by public utilities. The Standard Reference

Materials program at the NBS was chosen as the mechanism by

which the reference material would be procured, characterized

for certain properties, warehoused and distributed. The report

of the workshop will serve as the basis for implementation of a reference polyethylene material for research related to plastic

pipe and fittings used in gas distribution systems.

23
INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

The Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology continued to

work with Federal, State, and local governments, private sector

organizations, and voluntary standards groups to develop

standards and guidelines for computer and information processing. In 1983 the following documents were approved as Federal

Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS PUBS)

FIPS PUB 11-1 "Guideline: American National Dictionary

for Information Processing;" adopts ANSI

X3/TR-1-82

FIPS PUB 60-2 "I/O Channel Interface;" revision to FIPS

PUB 60-1

FIPS PUB 61-1 "Channel Level Power Control Interface;"

revision to FIPS 61

FIPS PUB 63-1 "Operational Specifications for Variable

Block Rotating Mass Storage Subsystems;"

revision to FIPS PUB 63

FIPS PUB 90 "Guideline for Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Print Quality;" adopts

X3. 99-1983

FIPS PUB 94 "Guideline on Electrical Power for ADP

Installations"

FIPS PUB 97 "Operational Specifications for Fixed Block

Rotating Mass Storage Subsystems"

FIPS PUB 98 "Message Format for Computer Based Message

Systems"

FIPS PUB 99 "A Framework for the Evaluation and

Comparison of Software Development Tools"

FIPS PUB 100 "Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment

(DTE) and Data Circuit-Terminating

Equipment (DCE) for Operation with

Packet-Switched Data;" based on CCITT X.25

specif ications

FIPS PUB 101 "Guideline for Lifecycle Validation,

Verification, and Testing of Computer

Software"

FIPS PUB 102 "Guidelines for Computer Security

Certification and Accreditation"

24
FIPS PUB 104

The following

1983 :

"Guideline for Implementation of ANSI Codes

for the Representation of Names of

Countries, Dependencies, and Areas of

Special Sovereignty;" implements ANSI

Z39.27 which adopts ISO 3166

standards-related publications were issued in

NBS Spec. Pub. 500-99

NBS Spec. Pub. 500-100

NBS Spec. Pub

NBSIR 82-2619

NBSIR 82-2625

NBSIR 83-2639

500-101

NBSIR 83-2763

NBSGCR 82-415

NBSGCR 82-418

NBSGCR 82-419

NBSGCR 83-444

"Structured Testing: A Software Testing

Methodology Using the Cyclomatic

Complexity Metric"

"Toward an Improved FIPS Cost-Benefit

Methodology, Phase I: Descriptive

Models — Data Processing Operations"

"Care and Handling of Computer Magnetic

Storage Media"

"Functional Specifications for a Federal

Information Processing System Data

Dictionary System"

"A Taxonomy of Tool Features for the Ada

Programming Support Environment"

"Cost-Benefit Impact Study on the

Adoption of the Draft Proposed Revised

X3.23 American National Standard

Programming Language COBOL"

"Artificial Traffic Generation of ISO

Transport Class IV Protocol Data Units

on an IEEE 802.3 10 Megabit CSMA/CD

Local Area Network"

"CODASYL Query Language Flat (CQLF)

Specif ications"

"Compiler Features: A Survey"

"A Family of Data Model Specifications

for DBMS Standards"

"Proceedings - Workshop on Standardization for Speech I/O Technology"

25
Center for Programming Science and Technology (CPST)

Helen M. Wood has been appointed Vice-Chair of the International

Advisory Committee Programming Language Subcommittee of American

National Standards Committee X3 on Computers and Information

Processing. The Programming Language Subcommittee is the U.S.

Technical Advisory Group for the ISO TC97/SC5, whose scope of

work includes programming languages, database languages, and

computer graphics software.

In May, Martha Branstad was appointed to the executive board of

the IEEE Software Engineering Standards Subcommittee. She was

also appointed technical program chair of the 1984 IEEE Software

Engineering Standards Application Workshop.

Josephine Walkowicz has been appointed Chair of ANSI Technical

Committee X3K5 on Vocabulary for Information Processing Systems.

The appointment is for a three-year term.

Functional specifications for data dictionary systems (DDS)

developed by ICST with contractor assistance were adopted by

ANSI Committee X3H4 on Information Resource Dictionary Systems

as their base document for a voluntary industry standard. The

specifications were developed to assist users in writing

specifications for data dictionary systems, the software that

provides for recording, storing, and processing information

about data and its use. In January and May, workshops were held

for users and vendors of data dictionary software to discuss and

refine the specifications.

In May and September, NBS hosted meetings of the ANSI X3H4

Committee. Briefings on the specifications were held for the Ada

Joint Program Office in the Department of Defense, the Department of Interior, NASA, and the Census Bureau.

NBSIR 83-2639, "Cost-Benefit Impact Study on the Adoption of the

Draft Proposed Revised X3.23 American National Standard

Programming Langugage COBOL," completed by ICST in April,

analyzed the impact of the new standard and concluded that

potential benefits will outweigh estimated costs. The study was

provided to the ANSI X3 Committee on, Information Processing

Systems, for its use in preparing the proposed standard.

In September ANSI/IEEE770X3 . 97-1983 , "Programming Language

Pascal," was proposed as a Federal Information Processing

Standard (FIPS)

FIPS FORTRAN Interpretation 1 pertaining to nested parentheses

in an expression was approved in October as an additional

specification to FIPS FORTRAN. The latter standard adopts ANSI

X3. 9-1978.

26

1
In August, the American National Standards Institute approved

IEEE Standards 729-1983, "Standard Glossary of Software

Engineering Terminology/" and 829-1983, "Standard for Software

Test Documen tat loan . " CPST staff contributed to the development

of both standards.

In June, the IEEE Standards Board approved IEEE Standard

828-1983, "Standard for Software Configuration Management," CPST

staff contributed to the development of this standard also.

CPST staff has been participating in the development of the

Graphical Kernel System (GKS) in the ANSI X3H3, Technical

Committee on Computer Graphics. The GKS, forwarded to X3 for

public review, included a programming language interface

description for FORTRAN. Mark Skall is Chair of X3H3.4, the

Task Group within X3H3 that is responsible for developing these

interface descriptions (language bindings) for the standard.

Center for Computer Systems Engineering (CCSE)

Robert Rosenthal was appointed chair of the Technical Committee

on Computer Communications of the IEEE Computer Society.

Miles Smid was invited to present a tutorial on the draft

American National Standard for Financial Institution Key

Management at a special meeting of ISO TC68/SC2/WG2 /

. (International Organization Security Working Group) in

Frankfurt, Germany in October.

Computer network standards to which ICST has made significant

technical contributions advanced in international standards

development organizations. Draft International Standards (DIS)

8072, "Information Processing Systems — Open Systems Interconnection — Transport Service Specifications," and 8073,

"Information Processing Systems —Open Systems Interconnection — Connection Oriented Transport Protocol Specification," were

published in November by the International Organization for

Standardization. ICST staff developed Class 2 and Class 4

specifications of the transport protocol. DIS 8072 and 8073

were adopted by CCITT as recomendat ions X.214 and X.224.

Workshops were held in January, May and October with representatives of network developers to plan for implementing the Class

4 transport protocol in local area networks. As a result of

these discussions, the manufacturers agreed to implement a common set of options and to prepare for a multi-vendor local

network demonstration in 1984. Two test sites were selected:

one site will be a General Motors test bed to support the IEEE

802.4 (token bus) local area network standard; the second site

will be the ICST laboratory for the IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD) local

area network standard.

27
The Class 2 and Class 4 protocols were proposed as FIPS to

provide for reliable transfer of data between two hetrogeneous

or homogeneous computer systems.

CCSE staff contributed to the development of service and

protocol specifications for the session protocol that have been

published by ISO as DIS 8326 and DIS 8327 and by CCITT as

recommendations X,215 and X.225. Both the transport and session

standards are the work of Committee ISO/TC97/SC16 , Open Systems

Interconnection, which is developing a family of standards for

electronic exchange of date between computer systems.

IEEE draft standards 802.2 and 802.3 for interconnecting

computer equipment to local area computer networks were proposed

as FIPS. CCSE staff contributed to the development of the

standards.

Working with vendors of word processing equipment, CCSE staff

developed a core set of formatting functions to enable documents

to be moved from one word processor to another for editing

without rekeying. The technique, which was developed for the

Department of Navy and agreed to by the vendors, uses an

intermediate character which can be assigned within the existing

voluntary industry standard for information interchange. The

manufacturers agreed to develop their own translation programs

to handle the common codes in their particular systems. Because

this development has potential application beyond the Navy, it

was submitted to ANSI Committee X3L2 for consideration as a national standard.

The NBS X.25 Verification Program Description was incorporated

into a document on X.25 conformance testing which was submitted

to ISO/TC97/SC6 as a new work item by ANSI X3S3.7. The work

item will develop procedures to determine whether equipment and

services conform to CCITT recommendation X.25. The NBS Program

Description provides sequences to test terminals and packetswitched networks for conformance to the joint FIPS/Federal

standard that adopts a subset of the CCITT X.25 network

specifications (FIPS PUB 100).

Two computer security standards to which Dennis Branstad and

Miles Smid made major contributions were adopted by ANSI. ANSI

X3. 105-1983, "Link Encryption Standard," is based on propsed

Federal Standard 1026, developed by the National Communication

System, the National Security Agency and NBS. ANSI X3. 106-2983,

"Modes of Operation of the Data Encryption Algorithm" is based

on FIPS 81. Dennis Branstad chaired X3T1, Technical Committee

on Data Encryption, during the devleopment of X3.105 and was

technical editor for X3.106. The standards will provide for

cryptographic protection of data transmitted between terminals

28
and computer systems. A draft standard based on FIPS 46, "Data

Encryption Standard," and cryptographic techniques developed by

ICST was issued by ANSI committee X9E9. The standard specifies

cryptographic methods for financial institutions to manage data

encryption keys.

The Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) draft standard

developed by ANSI Committee X3T9.2 is being implemented by

manuf acaturer s of small disk drives and controllers in the U.S.,

Europe, and Japan. The European Computer Manufacturers Associations (ECMA) is considering a standard based on the SCSI draft

that provides a common interface for connecting high performance

peripherals to small computers. William E. Burr is chair of

X3T9.2.

"Guidelines for Performance Assessment of Speech Recognizers,"

developed by David Pallett, is being considered for publication

by the IEEE Speech I/O Technology Performance Evaluation Working

Group of the IEEE Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

Society's Technical Committee on Speech Processing. The Working

Group was organized as a result of discussions held at the ICST

sponsored Workshop on Standardization for Speech I/O Technology

in 1982.

CCSE staff members have been working with the Canadian Department of Communications to develop test frames to be used by

videotex/teletext vendors to assure conformance to text

presentation, picture drawing, texture, color, and animation

effects requirements for joint ANSI X3 . 110/Canadian Standard CSA

T500. Published as "Videotex/Tele tex Presentation Level

Protocol Syntax (North American PLPS)," the standard was

developed by ANSI Committee X3L2, Character Sets and Coding, in

cooperation with the EIA Teletex Committee and the Canadian

technical committee. CCSE staff members participated in X3L2

and, in the past, have served as vice chair, task group chairs,

international representatives, and secretary.

A Workshop on Standardization Issues for Optical Digital Data

Disk (0d3) Technology was jointly sponsored by CCSE and the

National Security Agency in June. The workshop focused on

physical, dimensional, optoelec tr ical , quality and data transfer

characteristics of optical disk technology.

29
NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

Law Enforcement Standards Laboratory (LESL)

In 1983, the Law Enforcement Standards Laboratory completed the

development of the following performance standards that will be

issued by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) as voluntary

national standards as part of its Technology Assessment Program:

o NIJ Standard-0223.00, "Vehicle Tracking Devices"

o NIJ Standard-0606 .00 , "Portable Organic Vapor Detectors"

o NIJ Standard-0110 . 00 , "Hand-Held Aerosol Tear Gas

Weapons"

o NIJ Standard-0111. 00 , "Barrier Penetrating Tear Gas

Mun i t ions"

In addition, LESL completed the revisions of three previouslyissued NIJ standards, to reflect changes in the state-of-the-art

of commercial products: , ^

o NIJ Standard-0104.02, "Riot Helmets and Face Shields"

o NIJ Standard-0105. 01, "Crash Helmets"

o NIJ Standard-0209 .01, "Personal FM Transceivers"

The National Institute of Justice published three voluntary

national standards that were developed by LESL:

o NIJ Standard-0109.00, "38/357 Caliber Revolvers"

o NIJ Standard-0215 . 00 , "Mobile Digital Equipment"

o NIJ Standard-0220 . 00 , "Continuous-Recording

Voice-Logging Tape Recorders" •

LESL also continued to provide support to the National Highway

Traffic Safety Administration in the implementation of standards

for breath alcohol test equipment and the model specification

for speed measuring radar devices.

30
Center for Applied Math (CAM)

Three CAM staff members, Dr. Harold Marshall, Rosalie Ruegg, and

Stephen Petersen, were instrumental in the development of a "Recommended Practice for Measuring Benefits/Cost and Savingsto-Inves tment Ratios for Buildings and Building Systems." The

recommended practice was approved by ASTM's Committee E.6, on

Building Performance and Construction, and received final ASTM

approval in October.

Dr. H. H. Ku and Dr. Keith R. Eberhardt have made major

contributions to the use of statistical methods in the

certification and use of reference materials. Dr. Ku published

an article on Certified Values —What Do They Mean and How Should

They Be Used?" in the September ASTM Journal of Testing and

Education, Dr. Ku also spoke on "A Statistician's Role in the

Preparation and Use of Reference Materials" at an ASTM seminar

on "The Preparation and Use of Reference Materials for Optical

Emission and X-Ray Spectroscopy," ASTM Committee E-2, (Emission

Spectroscopy), October 19, Bal Harbour, Florida.

Dr. Eberhardt is coauthor of ISO draft guide 35, "Certification

of Reference Materirals - General and Statistical Principles,"

which has been prepared by the ISO/REMCO (Committee on Reference

Materials), for publication in 1984. Dr. Eberhardt participated

in the discussion of the draft at the ISO/REMCO meeting and a joint meeting of ISO/REMCO with ISO/TC69/SC6 on Statistics,

September 8-14, in Geneva.

J. T. Fong of the Mathematical Analysis Division was awarded the

ASTM Award of Merit, with title of Fellow "for his inspirational

and enthusiastic leadership and dedicated service in

promulgating fatigue research and creation of forms for

technical debate through ASTM Committee E-9, on fatigue," This

is the highest award given by the Society.

In addition to chairing ASTM Subcommittee E9.01 on Fatigue

Research, J. T. Fong has served on Committee E-11, on

Statistical Methods. He chaired the Symposium on Fatigue

mechanisms sponsored by ASTM, NSF, and NBS in May and served as

editor of the proceedings.

In June, during a special award ceremony at an Honors Luncheon

of the 4th U.S. National Congress on Pressure Vessels and Piping

Technology in Portland, Oregon, Dr. J. T. Fong was given a certificate of appreciation for service to the American Society

of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) as Chair of the Materials and

Fabrication Committee.

31
ASTM Standard Practice E917-83, "Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of

Buildings and Building Systems," was published in October by

ASTM. The E06.81 Subcommittee, on Building Economics, a part of

the E06 Committee, on Building Performance and Construction,

developed the Standard from NBSIR 80-2040, "Recommended Practice

for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings and Building

Systems." The three NBS authors of NBSIR 80-2040 are Rosalie T.

Ruegg, Stephen R. Petersen, and Harold Marshall.

Stephen R. Petersen developed and documented a computer program

for calculating the economic worth of investments in buildings

and building components. The program implements economic

methods developed by NBS and ASTM Subcommittee E06.81, on

Building Economics. The program is on a TRS-80 disk for use by

microcomputers and is being distributed by ASTM as an adjunct to

Standard Practice E917-83, on Life-Cycle Costing.

A "Recommended Practice for Measuring Benefit/Cost and

Savings-to-Investment Ratios for Buildings and Building Systems"

was approved in October by ASTM for publication as a Standard

Practice. This Standard, developed by ASTM Subcommittee E06.81

on Building Economics, is based on NBSIR 81-2397 written by

Harold E. Marshall and Rosalie T. Ruegg.

A "Recommended Practice for Measuring Net Benefits and Internal

Rates of Return for Investments in Buildings and Building

Systems," by Harold E. Marshall, was published as NBSIR 83-2657

in October. The ASTM Building Economics Subcommittee is using

it as the basis for their next Standard Practice.

Center for Electronic and Electrical Engineering (CEEE)

J. Franklin Mayo-Wells was appointed to serve a second two-year

term as a member of the American Society for Testing and

Materials society-level Committee on Terminology.

Under the chairmanship of Dr. Raymond S. Turgel, three new

standards developed by the American National Standards Committee

C-12 on Electricity Metering were published earlier this year.

These standards cover meter sockets, pulse recorders, and test

fixtures. A standard for electronic (demand) registers is now

in preparation. Preliminary work for bar-code identification

and high voltage instrument transformers has been initiated.

Acting as Secretary of the International Elec trotechnical

Commission (lEC) Working Group 6 on Measurement of Power

Frequency Electric Fields established by lEC TC42 on High

Voltage Testing Techniques, in June 1982, Dr. M. Misakian has

prepared several revisions of a draft standard for the

measurement of power frequency electric fields in consultation

with Working Group members. The working group met in November to

work toward preparation of a final draft which will be

considered for adoption by the parent technical committee in

32
1985. Dr. Misakian was requested to provide direction in

formulating the international electric field measurement

standard because of his earlier experience in drafting the U.S.

(IEEE) standard for performing measurements of electric and

magnetic fields in the vicinity of high-voltage ac transmission

lines. The involvement in developing the U.S. standard was an

outgrowth of Dr. Misakian's studies at NBS on the

instrumentation, calibration, and measurement techniques for

transmission line field measurements.

Dr. R. J. Van Brunt, in collaboration with Dr. W. E. Anderson,

prepared a draft of a computerized bibliography concerned with

electrical breakdown data in gases for the IEEE Electrical

Insulation Society Committee S-32-11 on Gaseous Dielectrics. It

is intended that the bibliography will serve as a guide to

archival publications containing data on electrical breakdown in

gases under conditions considered applicable to electrical

insulation. The bibliography will be initially prepared as an

NBS report and submitted later for publication in the IEEE

Transactions on Electrical Insulation.

Asian Baghdadi was appointed to chair a task force on the

Automatic Determination of Oxygen and Carbon in Silicon, under

the auspices of Subcommittee 4 of ASTM Committee F-1 on

Electronics. The task force has recently written a draft of its

first document, tentatively entitled "Determination of the

Interstitial Oxygen Content of Silicon Slices by

Computer-Assisted Infrared Spectrophotometry." Control of the

interstitial oxygen concentration in silicon slices is a critical step in developing high-yield production processes for

VLSI silicon. Dr. Baghdadi is also an active member of another

task force, which is working on a method for measuring the

radial oxygen variation (ROV) in silicon. Dr. Baghdadi has

produced maps of the oxygen distribution over a silicon slice,

which have proven to be very useful in developing an ROV method.

Dr. Baghdadi has been a contributor to the work of Committee F-1

and Subcommittee 4 since 1980.

Analyses of two partially completed round robins being conducted

by ASTM Committee F-1 on Electronics, being coordinated by Dr.

J. R. Ehrstein, have been made by Dr. Ehrstein. These analyses

have been used to develop preliminary statements of precision

for ASTM Standard Method F 576, "Measurement of Insulator

Thickness and Refractive Index on Silicon Substrates by

Ellipsometry" and for ASTM Standard Method F 671, "Measuring

Resistivity Profile Perpendicular to the Surface of a Silocion

Wafer Using a Spreading Resistance Probe." The precision

statements have been submitted to Committee F-1 for letter

ballot. Dr. Ehrstein will continue to coordinate the round

robins to completion.

33
Dr. J. R. Ehrstein was given a Subcommittee Performance Award by

Subcommittee 6 on Electrical and Optical Measurements of ASTM

Committee F-1 on Electronics at its October meeting. The award,

which recognizes general effort and achievements in furthering

the goals of the subcommittee, was given for extensive work in

individually coordinating several round robins, acting as chief

coordinator for all round robins and pilot studies of the

subcommittee, development and revision of numerous subcommittee

test methods, and efforts to develop new technical areas for the

subcommittee.

Willie E. Phillips has submitted a draft of a new standard

practice for characterizing deep levels in semiconductors by

transient capacitiance to Subcommittee 6 on Electrical and

Optical Measurements of ASTM Committee F-1 on Electronics.

Initial comments from the subcommittee have been received and

work on a revised version has been initiated.

A draft standard "Test Methods for Detecting Leaks in Enclosures

for Electronic Circuits by a Bubble Test" was completed by

Stanley Ruthberg for the ASTM Committee F-1 on Electronics.

This represents an extensive revision of ASTM standard F-98

"Recommended Practices for Determining Hermeticity of Electron

Devices by a Bubble Test."

Three draft standards, previously authored by Stanley Ruthberg

on hermetic testing by radioisotope procedure, have all been

approved by ASTM Committee F-1. The "Standard Method for

Determining Hermeticity of Sealed Devices by a Radioisotope

Test" is ASTM Standard F-985-82. The "Standard Method for

Calibration of Radioisotope Hermetic Test Apparatus" is now ASTM

Standard F-784-82, and the "Standard Method for Measuring the

Package Attenuation Coefficient of a Sealed Device for

Radioisotope Hermetic Test" has recently passed ASTM Committee

ballot.

Robert I. Scace has been nominated as Chair of ASTM Committee

F-1 on Electronics, for the term 1984-85. He is current Chair

and previously held that post from 1968-74.

In February, F. F. Oettinger was asked by the Semiconductor

Equipment and Materials Institute (SEMI) Standards Subcommittee

on Ceramic Packages to lead a Task Force on Thermal Measurements

of Ceramic Packages. The goal of the Task Force is to develop

procedures to thermally characterize Ceramic Packages for

Microelectronic Devices using Thermal Test Chips. A review

paper on the status of thermal measurements of VLSI packages

using test chips has been written and will be published.

Inter labor atory studies are being implemented as the next step

in this process.

34
Electronic Industries Association (EIA) Interim Standard IS-13

"THERMAL RESISTANCE TEST METHOD FOR SIGNAL AND REGULATOR DIODES

(FORWARD VOLTAGE, SWITCHING METHOD)" was published in September

by EIA. The standard is based on experimental and round-robin

studies conducted by F. F. Oettinger several years ago.

Dettinger also acted as a Technical Advisor to the initiating

committee EIA JEDEC JC-22 on Diodes and Thyristors during the

drafting and balloting phases of the standardization process.

The test method was also incorporated in EIA RS-282-A "STANDARD

FOR SILICON RECTIFIER DIODES," which is undergoing final

approval.

The ASTM Subcommittee 7 of Committee F-1 on Electronics is in

the process of writing a standard ball-shear test method for

wire bonds used in microelectronics. G. G. Harman has been

intimately involved in this work. His paper, "The

Microelectronic Ball-Bond Shear Test - A Critical Review and

Comprehensive Guide to Its Use" has been published to facilitate

the standardization process.

A paper entitled, "Power MOSFET Temperature Measurements," which

was presented by D. L. Blackburn at the June 1982 IEEE PESC and

based on studies conducted by Blackburn and Berning was approved

by the EIA JEDEC JC-25 Committee on Transistors for use as an

industrial standard in February 1983. This paper will appear as

a chapter in an EIA Standard on Power MOSFETs.

Revisions were made in ASTM Standard F617 , "Standard Method for

Measuring MOSFET Linear Threshold Voltage" by H. A. Schafft to

correct deficiencies revealed in an inter laboratory experiment.

The revised draft was approved in ballots of both the

Subcommittee F-1-11 on Quality and Hardness Assurance and the

Committee F-1 on Electronics.

Drs. L. F. Goodrich and F. R. Fickett published a paper to

complement and explain the detail behind the ASTM "Standard Test

Method for D-C Critical Current of Composite Superconductors,"

the first standard method developed for a superconducting

critical parameter. This paper was entitled "Critical Current

Measurements: A Compendium of Experimental Results" and was

published in Cryogenics . The measurement procedure and

parameters are explained in sufficient detail so that a technically knowledgeable person could understand the rationale

and the development of the ASTM standard and use it to make

accurate measurements of the critical current of research

materials as well as commercial superconductors.

Dr. Douglas L. Franzen sponsored a measurement round robin on

the measurement of cut-off wavelength and fundamental spot size

of single mode optical fibers of telecommunications grade.

Participants include NBS and about ten single mode fiber

manuf ac tuar ing members of the Electronic Industries Association

(EIA) Working Group P-6.6. Four different fibers, contributed

3b
by four of the participating manufacturers are being circulated

for in tercompar ison . The results from this round-robin will be

published and will become the basis for more definitive

measurement procedures for a subsequent EIA standard.

Aaron A. Sanders was appointed co-chair of the ANSI Committee

Z-136.2 on Safe Use of Optical Fibers. The purpose of this

committee is to draft an ANSI standard for optical fiber safety.

This standard is expected to become the major national voluntary

standard dealing with the safety associated with the use of

optical fibers.

Aaron A. Sanders was appointed Chair of the Laser Measurements

Committee of the Laser Institute of America. The purpose of the

committee is to develop definitive measurement documents dealing

with procedures for measuring the parameters of lasers.

Center for Manufacturing Engineering (CME)

In January, ANSI established a planning panel for Industrial

Automation to coordinate existing activities, discourage

duplication of standardization areas and identify needed thrusts

in this newly emerging field. Robert Baird of NEMA was elected

Chair and Bradford Smith of CME was elected Vice Chair.

In December, ISO organized its first standards committee devoted

to Industrial Automation. TC184 at its plenary meeting in Paris

voted to create subcommittees to address numerical control of

machine tools, industrial robots, programming languages for NC

,

exchange of product definition data in digital format, and

requirements and modeling for systems integration. CME staff

participated in the nine member U.S. delegation attending the

session. NBS selected to be the U.S. Secretariat for the

Subcommittee on exchange of product definition data in digital

format

.

The Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) program, led

by NBS, has focused the efforts of over 60 companies on the

development and documentation of a means of graphics database

exchange among present day CAD/CAM systems. The project's brief

history has seen the evolution of the Specification into

preliminary industrial usage marked by public demonstrations of

vendor capability, mandatory requests in procurement actions,

and a formalization into an American National Standard in

September 1981. During this last year much progress has been

made in expanding IGES capability in areas of mechanical part

representation and for communication of electrical printed

wiring board products and finite element meshes. Interest in

the specification has grown in both the user and the vendor

community as is evidenced by a doubling in size of attendance at

regular meetings. A total of 14 subcommittees are active in two

primary areas of extensions and repairs and test, evaluate and

support. New items being pursued include a library function

36
v/hereby one IGES file can make an external reference to other

IGES files which describe components or part assemblies. The

manufacturing subcommittee is defining part features and

tolerances necessary to compliment the IGES geometry

specification for use as a true interface between design and

manufacturing.

Center for Building Technology (CBT)

The first U.S. National Standard for driven piles, which is

sponsored by the American Society of Civil Engineers, was

balloted in November. The standard was dev toped by NBS

initiative and with NBS assistance. The ASCE Committee on

Foundation and Excavation Standards, which balloted ne driven

pile standard, is chaired by Dr. Felix Y. Yokel.

The new draft of the Federal regulations for excavation safety

(29 CFR 1926, Subpart P) contains a soil classification system

which was developed by CBT staff.

A draft standard on the maturity method to predict the strength

gaining characteristics of concrete was developed and submitted

to ASTM for ballot. This improved method will provide

contractors with reliable information for removing formwork

resulting in safer and more economical construction practices.

A technique for measuring the energy passing through the drill

rod in the Standard Penetration Test was proposed as a new ASTM

standard. The technique is used to compare data acquired by

different types of drilling rods and will be used to improve the

reliability of predicting the liquefaction potential of sites

subjected to earthquake loads.

Provided support to the American Society of Civil Engineers in

developing the first national standards for foundations and

excavations. A pile standard is being balloted by ASCE. A

standard for drilled shafts has been formulated and is being

readied for ballot.

Design and installation criteria for soil anchors developed by

CBT are incorporated in proposed ANSI Standards for Manufactured

Housing

Mr. James Barnett provided annual building energy consumption

data for ten different types of commercial buildings under eight

different climates. The data were generated by the use of an

advanced computer simulation program called DoE 2. IB for three

typical HVAC systems. The purpose of the effort is to study

various options for updating ASHRAE 90-80A "Energy Conservation

in New Building Design." The options studied include

improvement of exterior envelope, HVAC system and equipment

efficiencies, and lighting controls (especially the use of

daylighting .

37
Several members of the CBT are active in ISO/TC/163 on Thermal

Insulation. Dr. Richard Grot was named U.S. representative to

the working group of thermography methods, Dr. Tamami Kusuda was

named U.S. representative to the subcommittee in steady and

triennial heat conduction. Mr. Frank J. Powell organized and is

operating a world-wide round-robin test series among 27

countries involving 125 guarded hot plates and heat flow meters.

Mr. Frank J. Powell was appointed as the Chair of ASTM Committee

C-16 on Thermal Insulation.

A draft ANSI standard on safety colors was recently balloted by

the Z535 Committee on Safety Signs and Colors. This revision is

based partially on research performed at NBS and supported by

OSHA. In addition, the Z535 Committee has circulated a draft

standard on safety symbols. This standard, which is based

largely on research performed by Dr. Belinda Collins with

support from NIOSH and BoM, is expected to go to a full

committee letter ballot in early 1984.

Dr. Belinda Collins has been appointed Chair of the National

Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Committee on Fire Safety

Symbols

Dr. Simone Yaniv has chaired ANSI working group S12.18 on Room

Noise Criteria and prepared a draft American National Standard

for measuring and rating steady-state noise in rooms. She was

also appointed Chair of working group 81.1 on acoustical

terminology

Mr. Thomas Bartel was appointed Chairman of two ASTM E-33.03

working groups on measurement of sound absorption.

ASHRAE Standard 103-1982 "Methods of Testing for Heating

Seasonal Efficiency of Central Furnaces and Boilers" was

approved by ANSI in June. This standard is based on research

carried out by CBT since 1975. George Kelley and Esher Kweller

were members of this ASHRAE Standards Committee.

ASHRAE Standard 1168, "Method of Testing for Seasonal Efficiency

of Unitary Air-Conditioners and Heat Pumps," was approved by the

ASHRAE Standards Committee in June. This standard incorporates

the results of research conducted in CBT by Dr. David Didion.

Dr. James E. Hill is a member of the ASHRAE Standards Committee

that oversees the development of all ASHRAE standards. In

addition, he represents ASHRAE and NBS in the U.S. Technical

Advisory Group for ISO/TC/180 on Solar Energy. The Systems

subcommittee of ISO/TC/180 has adopted ANSI/ASHRAE Standard

38
95/1981, "Methods of Testing to Determine the Thermal

Performance of Solar Domestic Water Heating Systems," as the

basis for an international standard. This standard is based on

research conducted by Dr. Hunter Fanney.

Larry W. Masters was nominated Chair of ASTM Committee E-44 on

Solar Energy Conversion at the September meeting of Committee

E-44. Mr. Masters has been a member of E-44 since its formation

of 1978 and has served as Chair of E4.04.01, Task Group, on

Absorber Materials, Chairman of E44.04 Subcommittee on Materials

Performance, and Vice Chairman (Heating and Cooling Technology)

of E-44.

CBT hosted a Conference on Quality Assurance of Highways and

Bridges August 30-31. The conference was sponsored by the

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in response to a study

mandated by the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982.

A major consideration of the conference was the need for uniform

standards and criteria for design and construction of highways

and bridges. This included personnel training and enforcement

techniques. It provided a paper on the evaluation and

accreditation of laboratories that use construction standards.

At the request of CBT, the American Society of Civil Engineers

(ASCE) has initiated a standards committee on Condition

Assessment of Existing Buildings. the need for this activity

was identified by the CBT building rehabilitation technology

program whose research reports will provide resource material

for the standard. Such a report is NBSIR 80-2171 "Selected

Methods for Condition Assessment of Structural, HVAC , Plumbing,

and Electrical Systems in Existing Buildings." J. H. Pielert is

the Chair of the committee. The development of a standard is

well underway.

Dr. Jon Martin chairs ASTM E6.53 Subcommittee on Materials and

Processes for Rigid-Wall Relocatable Shelters. The subcommittee

had four ASTM standards concerned with the durability of

adhesively-bonded honeycomb sandwich panels published in 1983.

Center for Fire Research (CFR)

CFR staff members were very active at a number of meetings of

the National Fire Protection Association throughout the year.

Special efforts were devoted to the Safety to Life Committee;

several variations of the CFR-developed Fire Safety Evaluation

System (FSES) have been submitted for consideration as

Appendices to NFPA 101 (Life Safety Code).

One major proposal involves a new Chapter 21 dealing with

Residential Board and Care Occupancies. Supporting information

was summarized in a final report, "A Fire Safety Evaluation

System for Board and Care Homes" (NBSIR 83-2659) submitted to

the sponsor, the Department of Health and Human Services. In

39
addition, a report prepared by Dr. N. E. Groner, a CFR grantee,

serves as a comprehensive guide to fire emergency planning for

board and care homes (NBSGCR 82-408). The guide is written in

non- technical language and provides step-by-step procedures for

owners and operators of board and care homes in preparing for

emergencies. A user's guide for applying the fire safety

evaluation system for park facilities was also prepared by a CFR

grantee (NBSGCR 83-427).

A major revision of Chapters 14 and 15 of NFPA 101 (New

Detention and Correctional Occupancies) has been proposed based

on CFR research. CFR is in the process of field testing the

Fire Safety Evaluation System in order to judge its usefulness

in achieving fire safety. To date, approximately 50

organizations have asked to participate in this effort. They

include two different Federal groups, 27 states, the District of

Columbia, and one Canadian province. In several cases, the

organizations represent large groups of institutions (e.g.,

Federal prisons, metropolitan jail systems, and state jails).

Three to four hundred facilities are expected to be covered by

the test.

At meetings of the NFPA Committee on Heat Producting Appliances,

changes to the model code relating to clearances, methods of

protection for combustible surfaces, and masonry chimney

construction were agreed on and public comments considered. The

proposed changes, based upon NBS research conducted by Richard

Peacock and Joseph Loftus broadened the allowable alternatives

for wall and ceiling protection and strengthened the

requirements for masonry chimney by prohibiting combustible

materials in contact with masonry chimneys, while at the same

time simplifying the text of the standard considerably. The

proposed changes were proposed for final adoption in the 1984

Standard for Chimney, Fireplace, Vents, and Solid Fuel Burning

Appliances (NFPA 211) .

As a member of the NFPA 13 Sprinkler Committee, Edward Budnick

was directly involved in the Subcommittee revision of the

Residential Sprinkler Standard. Revisions include applications

of newly developed technology and innovative materials beyond

the single family dwelling which was the initial scope of the

standard. CFR will continue to be active in this area, with

plans to examine key technical issues regarding the convective

flow effects on sprinkler response time for transient fires in

geometries having high aspect ratios and the performance

characteristics associated with the use of thermoplastic

materials for automatic sprinkler systems.

A new Standard for "Fixed Guideway Transit Systems" (NFPA

130-1983) was adopted this year based on work of a Committee

formed in 1975, with Sanford Davis representing CFR. The

material fire safety requirements are based in part on Standard

fire test methods developed at CFR.

40
A joint project between CFR and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,

and Firearms made progress in the development of a consensus

standard for the recovery and identification of accelerants in

suspected arson cases. A second inter laboratory program

involving more than 50 forensic laboratories was carried out in

which the participants furnished information that will be the

basis for a set of guidelines for promulgation by NFPA. An

extension of this project will be the preparation of a more

encompassing handbook for arson accelerant analysis.

CFR staff members were active at Task Group, Subcommittee, and

the twice-yearly Main Committee meetings of ASTM Committee E-5

on Fire Standards. Billy Lee reported on the effect of different

ignition exposure scenarios on fire development with the

proposed standard test method for a full-scale room fire test of

wall and ceiling materials and assemblies. The results of 15

tests involving three ignition scenarios and six different

materials were presented. As a consequence of this work,

changes in the operational procedure in the proposed test are

being considered for adoption in the next revision of the

standard. A report (NCSGCR 83-421) prepared by a grantee,

provided information on in tralabor a tory evaluation of the test.

A report on a quarter-scale room fire test protocol was also

published (NBSIR 83-2642); this may serve as a reduced-cost

alternative to full scale testing.

J. Randall Lawson and William J. Parker worked with ASTM

Subcommittee E-5. 23 on Combustibility on the evaluation of

preliminary round-robin test data for the ease-of-ignit ion by

flame impingement test method. The test results identified

several areas which resulted in variability between

laboratories. A second inter laboratory test program was planned

and is currently in progress.

A task group was formed in Subcommittee E.5.21 following the

December 1982 meeting, to start work on developing an ASTM test

based on the CFR-developed bench-scale oxygen consumption rate

of heat release apparatus (cone calorimeter). Vytenis

Babrauskas is heading that group, which includes laboratory

representatives actively interested in setting up the test

apparatus. Two commercial instrument makers have expressed an

interest in constructing these units. Further development is

now in progress to add a smoke-measuring capability to this

apparatus, and it is anticipated that a variety of flammability

data for use with mathematical models will be generated.

A report describing a versatile reference calorimeter for

measuring rates of heat release and mass burning on a substitution gas burner technique has been published (NBSIR

83-2708) . The rate of burning and rate of heat release of full

size furniture items may also be measured in a furniture

calorimeter described in NBSIR 82-2604. '

41
A new Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Exposed Attic

Floor Insulation Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source, ASTM E-970,

was promulgated. Sanford Davis of CFR served as the Task Group

Chair in ASTM Subcommittee E5.22.

A final report on the inter laboratory evaluation of the National

Bureau of Standards Test Method for Assessing the Acute

Inhalation Toxicity of Combustion Products (NBSIR 83-2678) was

prepared by Barbara C. Levin, Maya Paabo and Merritt Birky,

This report on the results of seven laboratories on a total of

twelve materials provides the most extensive inter labor atory

evaluation of any of the toxicity test methods submitted to ASTM

Subcommittee E5.21, on Smoke and Combustion Products, for

consideration. This inter laboratory evaluation showed the

results of the CFR toxicity test method to be both reproducible

across laboratories and repeatable within laboratories. A

subsequent report by Arthur D. Little, Inc. for the State of New

York substantiated these findings. The report has also been

circulated in Subcommittee 3, on Toxic Hazards, of ISO Technical

Committee 92, Fire Tests.

CFR has developed a new alpha-cellulose SRM 1006b for

calibrating the primary test apparatus used for measuring the

tendency of materials to smoke when exposed to a fire (ASTM

E-662, NFPA 258). The prior SRM (1006a) showed a significant

and continuing change with time in its smoke generation

characteristics, unlike the original alpha-cellulose SRM (1006)

which retained its properties until the supply was exhausted.

The new material, SRM 1006b, was tested for peak specific

optical density before and after it was aged six months. Its

performance after aging showed no significant change when

compared to the original (SRM 1006b) data.

Under the joint sponsorship of the American Society of Heating,

Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Engineers (ASHRAE) and the

U.S. Veterans Administration (VA) , CFR has written the first

comprehensive design guide for smoke control systems in

buildings. The book, entitled "Design of Smoke Control Systems

for Buildings" contains a detailed discussion of the

capabilities of smoke control in providing fire safety in large

buildings and the techniques for designing such systems. These

techniques include the equation, constants, and examples

necessary for hand calculation of simple buildings and an

NBS-developed computer program (available on computer tape from

NTIS) for more complex building analysis. The book is currently

available from ASHRAE and as NBS Handbook H-141.

Dan Gross participated as a technical expert in Working Group

meetings of ISO TC 92 Subcommittee 2 on Fire Resistance in

Berlin and Lyngby, Denmark. At these meetings, test methods and

research projects were discussed dealing with fire resistance.

42
calculation methods/ fire and smoke control doors, and

ventilation ducts, subject areas that relate directly to

research and standardization activities in the United States.

David Evans participated as a technical expert in the Working

Group 1 meeting of ISO/TC21/SC5 on Fixed Fire Extinguishing

Systems, in London, England, May 25-27. The active area of CFR

research dealt with at the meeting was test methods to evaluate

sprinkler response time. Questions over the relative importance

of radiative to conductive heat transfer in the heating of

sprinkler sensing elements in actual fires delayed approval of

the U.S. proposed test method, which is convective heat transfer

dominated. To help clarify this issue, tests are planned for

FY-84 at NBS to obtain data on convective and radiataive heat

transfer rates to sprinkler elements during growing enclosure

fires. Work on the wet and dry alarm valve ISO standards was

completed.

Dr. Jack Snell has been appointed by the National Fire

Protection Association's Board of Directors to chair a new NFPA

Advisory Committee on the toxicity of the products of

combustion. This committee is responsible for providing

guidance and recommendations to the committees of NFPA on

questions and policies relating to assessing the toxicity of the

products of combustion.

Dr. Fred I. Stahl of the Center for Building Technology received

one of the National Endowment for the Arts' Design Research

Recognition awards for his project, BFIRES: A COMPUTER

SIMULATION TO PREDICT OCCUPANT BEHAVIOR DURING FIRES. This

work, which was conducted between 1977 and 1981, was sponsored

by the U.S. Public Health Service in conjunction with the Center

for Fire Research and CBT.

Dr. Bernard Levin was honored by being invited to give two talks

at the Ninth National Conference on Fire of the Australia Fire

Protection Association in Sydney, Australia. His paper on Fire

Safety for the Elderly and Handicapped covered the proposed

Chapter 21 of the Life Safety Code that covers board and care

homes and the associated Fire Safety Evaluation System for Board

and Care Homes.

Center for Chemical Engineering (CCE)

Jesse Hord presented a talk entitled "Snapshot of the NBS Center

for Chemical Engineering" at the 1983 Workshop and Symposium of

the National Conference of Standards Laboratories. The

conference was held in Boulder, CO, July 18-21. Hord described

measurement standards, calibrations, test services, and

measurement research activities in CCE.

43

AWARDS

The Silver Medal Award is bestowed for "meritorious

contributions of unusual value to the Department of Commerce."

The following NBS staff members received silver medal awards in

1983 for standards related activities:

Lawrence K. Eliason, LESL (NEL) , for valuable contributions

to the Nation's law enforcement community by developing

effective law enforcement standards."

Cedric J. Powell, CCP (NML) , for significant scientific

achievements and leadership in surface science and

standards

.

Robert I. Scace, CEEE, (NEL), for outstanding contributions

to the development of national and international standards

for the semiconductor industry."

Bradford Smith, CME, (NEL) , for the development of the

Initial Graphics Exchange Specification and the control

systems for an automatic work station.

The Edward Bennett Rosa Award recognizes outstanding

achievements in the development of meaningful and significant

standards of practice in the measurement field. The award is

named after Dr. Edward B. Rosa, a physicist, who set the pace

for high level achievement in the early years of the Bureau.

In 1983, the Rosa Award was presented to Robert I. Scace , (NEL) for outstanding contributions to, and creative

leadership for, the development of voluntary national and

international standards for the semiconductor industry.

45

APPENDIX I

LIS:C OF ^EDNYMS/ABBE^EVIATION

47
LIST OF ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS

ADA American Dental Association

PGA American Gas Association

^SI American NaticMial Standards Institute

AOAC Association of Official Analytical Chenists

ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers

ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and

Air-Conditioning Engineers

ASLE American Society of Lubrication Q^gineers

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASIM American Society for Testing and Materials

BliM International Bureau of Weights and Nfeasures

CAMA Coiputed AutOTiated Measurement and Control

CCIR Consultative Conmittee on International Radio

CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Cormittee

CIML International Cotmittee of Legal Metrology

CPSC Consumer Product Safety Conmission

DDS Data Dictionary Systems

DIN German Institute for Standardization

DOA Department of ^riculture

DOE Department of Energy

BCE Economic Conmission for Europe

EBd European Economic Community

EIA Electronics Industries Association

BOS Egyptian Organization for Standardizatioi

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

FDA Focd ard Drug Administration

FIPS Federal Information Processing Standards

FSES Fire Safety Evaluation System

GAMA Gas ^pliance Manufacturers Association

GATT General Agreement an Tariffs and Trade

ICSP Interagency Conmittee on Standards Policy

ICSU International Council of Scientific Unions

lEC International Electrotechnical Conmission

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Eligineers

IL?^C International Laboratory Accreditation Conference

IMO International Maritime Organization

INFCO International Standards Information Conmittee

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ISCNET International Standards Information Network

ITU International Teleconmunications Union

lUP^C International Unicn of Pure and implied Chemistry

JEDEC Joint Electron Devices Engineering Council

JEIDA Japan Electronics Industry Development Association

NBS National Bureau of Standards

ISCCLS National Conmittee for Clinical Laboratory Standards

NCSBCS National Conference of States on Building Codes and Standards

NDT Non-Destructive Testing

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

NIH National Institutes of Health

48
NIJ National Institute of Justice

NIM Nuclear Instrument Module

Nioai National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NR9CC National Reference System in Clinical Chemistry

NSF National Science Foundation

NTIS National Technical Informatic*! Service

OIML International Organization of Legal Metrology

CMB Office of Management and Budget

PS Pilot Secretariat

RS Reporting Secretariat

SACC Standards Advisory and Coordination Committee

SAMA Scientific i^paratus Makers Association

SAMI Standards Assistance and Management Information

SEMI Semiconductor Equipment and Materials Institute

SRM Standard Reference Material

TAG Technical Advisory Group

TPSC Trade Policy Staff Caranittee

USNC/CIE U.S. Naticffial Cannittee/In ternaticaial Canmission on

Illumination

USNWG U.S. National Working Group

USTR U.S. Trade Representative

WARC World Administrative I^dio Conference

49

APPEMDIX II

NBS POFM 83

51
NBS-83

(Rev. 10-80)

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

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SEE REVERSE SIDE FOR

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2 Name (last, first, initial) 3. Organizational Code Number 4. Date

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BLDG ROOM

6. NBS Telephone Ext.

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FULL TIME PERMANENT ANNUITANT OTHER (specify)

8A. This form covers the following assignment

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NUMBER

(il applicable) COMPLETE NAME OF ACTIVITY

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mmittee (e.g., a subcommittee or task group) list the higher levels

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1 1 . Date of Assignment (montfi/year) 12. Expiration Date of Assignment (if any)

13A Type of Committee (base classification on type of committee,

not organization) ("x" one):

NATL •NATL/INTL INTL ^STANDARDS

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13B. 'Nat'l Committee with Major Internat'l Responsibilities

IF YOU CHECKED NATL/INTL, PLEASE SPECIFY THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OR COMMITTEES WITH WHICH THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE IS CONCERNED

14. Position on Committee ("x" one): MEMBER TECHNICAL ADVISOR

CHAIR ALTERNATE REPRESENTATIVE

VICE-CHAIR DELEGATE SECRETARY OTHER (specify)

16. Type of Funding ("x" one): NBS n OA (<:pfirify)

n NBS /OA (xpfirify agency}

15. Voting Status ("x" one): VOTING NONVOTING OTHER (specify) 17 Key Words (FOR USE BY COMMITTEE MONITORING

OFFICE)

18 Signatures of Approval

DIVISION CHIEF OR HIGHER DATE

COMMITTEE MONITORING OFFICE DATE

USCOMM-NBSDC 52
INSTRUCTIONS

INTRODUCTION

This form serves as a record of management approval of committee activities and provides basic information which is used to compile a directory of standards committee participants and a series of special reports for NBS managers and committee participants. For further information, including definitions of terms used on this form, reference Administrative Manual Subchapter 3.02 on Standards and Professional Committees. Any questions or suggestions for improving this form should be directed to the Office of Standards Information, Analysis and

Development (Division 781), which serves as the NBS Committee Monitoring Office, Technology Building, Room B-166, extension 2092. GENERAL INFORMATION

1. A separate form should be completed for each committee. For example, if you belong to a committee and two of its subcommittees, three forms should be filled out.

2. A form should be filed as soon as possible after joining or applying for membership on a committee. Employees are responsible for completing and returning to the committee or parent organization any forms they require.

3. Additional forms should be filed to indicate changes to the original form, to renew expired memberships, and to record resignations. Forms

need not be filed for internal NBS committees.

4. Copies for distribution; the original and two copies of the form are to be sent to the designated individuals for approval (see Approvals).

SPECIFIC COMMENTS

Blocks 1 - 6 - Minor changes such as phone extension or mailing address may be made by notifying the Committee Monitoring Office by phone

(x2092) or memo (Technology Building, B-166). If you are resigning from a committee, complete only Blocks 1 - 9.

Block 10 - Name of an organization or country only, nof an individual. .

Block 1 1 - If you have been accredited as a delegate to a specific meeting, put the starting date of the meeting in this block. If you have been

asked to serve as a delegate for an indefinite period of time, put the date you accepted the assignment in this block.

Block 13A - Interagency Committee means a committee composed wholly of employees of two or more Federal Government agencies.

Public Advisory Committee means any committee that is 1) established by Federal statute or reorganization plan; 2) established or

utilized by the President; or 3) established or utilized by one or more agencies to obtain advice or recommendations for the

President or for one or more Federal Government agencies. The term does not include any committee which is composed wholly

of employees of the Federal Government.

Block 14 - Indicate your current position on the activity listed in Block 8A. If you serve in more than one capacity, check only the highest

position held.

Block 16 - Indicate the organization which pays for your time, travel, or other expenses when you are involved in committee work.

Block 17 - DO NOT FILL OUT FOR COMMITTEE MONITORING OFFICE USE ONLY. APPROVALS (For further explanation of the types of representation, reference Administrative Manual Subchapter 3.02, Standards and

Professional Committees.)

Block 18 - ^) If an NBS technical representative - Send the original and two copies of the NBS-83 to the Division Chief or higher for approval.

Division Chiefs and higher level managers should sign their own forms. After approval is obtained, send the form to the Office of Standards Information, Analysis and Development, which serves as the NBS Committee Monitoring Office, for processing.

2) // an official NBS spokesperson - Send the original and two copies of the NBS-83 with a cover memo explaining the assignment

through the Division/Center office to the MOU Director for approval. After approval, the MOU Director forwards the material to the Office of Standards Information, Analysis and Development, which serves as the NBS Committee Monitoring Office, for review and forwarding to the Director.

NOTE TO SIGNERS: Your signature indicates that;

1 ) the activity is directly related to the authorized functions of NBS;

2) the appointee is qualified and can devote enough time and effort to serve creditably; and

3) there are adequate resources available or in prospect to support meaningful participation.

53



NBS TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS

PERIODICALS

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH—The Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards reports NBS research and develop- ment in those disciplines of the physical and engineering sciences in which the Bureau is active. These include physics, chemistry,

engineering, mathematics, and computer sciences. Papers cover a broad range of subjects, with major emphasis on measurement

methodology and the basic technology underlying standardization. Also included from time to time are survey articles on topics

closely related to the Bureau's technical and scientific programs.. As a special service to subscribers each issue contains complete

citations to all recent Bureau publications in both NBS and non- NBS media. Issued six times a year. Annual subscription: domestic

$18; foreign $22.50. Single copy, $5.50 domestic; $6.90 foreign.

NONPERIODICALS

Monographs—Major contributions to the technical literature on

various subjects related to the Bureau's scientific and technical activities. Handbooks—Recommended codes of engineering and industrial practice (including safety codes) developed in cooperation with in- terested industries, professional organizations, and regulatory

bodies. Special Publications—Include proceedings of conferences sponsored by NBS. NBS annual reports, and other special publications

appropriate to this grouping such as wall charts, pocket cards, and

bibliographies.

Applied Mathematics Series—Mathematical tables, manuals, and

studies of special interest to physicists, engineers, chemists,

biologists, mathematicians, computer programmers, and others engaged in scientific and technical work.

National Standard Reference Data Series—Provides quantitative data on the physical and chemical properties of materials, compiled from the world's literature and critically evaluated. Developed under a worldwide program coordinated by NBS under

the authority of the National Standard Data Act (Public Law

90-396).

NOTE. The principal publication outlet for the foregoing data is the Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (JPCRD)

published quarterly for NBS by the American Chemical Society

(ACS) and the American Institute of Physics (AlP). Subscriptions,

reprints, and supplements available from ACS, 1 155 Sixteenth St., NW, Washington, DC 20056.

Building Science Series—Disseminates technical i.-- formation developed at the Bureau on building materials, components,

systems, and whole structures. The series presents research results,

test methods, and performance criteria related to the structural and

environmental functions and the durability and safety characteristics of building elements and systems.

Technical Notes—Studies or reports which are complete m themselves but restrictive in their treatment of a subject. Analogous to monographs but not so comprehensive in scope or definitive in treatment of the subject area. Often serve as a vehicle for final reports of work performed at NBS under the sponsorship of other government agencies.

Voluntary Product Standards—Developed under procedures

published by the Department of Commerce in Part 10, Title 15, of

the Code of Federal Regulations. The standards establish nationally recognized requirements for products, and provide all concerned interests with a basis for common understanding of the

characteristics of the products. NBS administers this program as a supplement to the activities of the private sector standardizing

organizations. Consumer Information Series—Practical information, based on NBS research and experience, covering areas of interest to the con- sumer. Easily understandable language and illustrations provide

useful background knowledge for shopping in today's technological marketplace. Order the above NBS publications from: Superintendent o] Documents. Government Printing Office, Washington. DC 20402. Order the following NBS publications—FIPS and NBSIR's—from

the National Technical Information Service. Springfield, VA 22161

.

Federal Information Processing Standards Publications (FIPS

PUB)—Publications in this series collectively constitute the Federal Information Processing Standards Register. The Register

serves as the official source of information in the Federal Govern- ment regardmg standards issued by NBS pursuant to the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 as amended.

Public Law 89-306 (79 Stat. 1127), and as implemented by Executive Order 11717(38 FR 12315, dated May II, 1973) and Part 6 of Title 15 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations).

NBS Interagency Reports (NBSIR)—A special series of interim or

final reports on work performed by NBS for outside sponsors

(both government and non-government). In general, initial dis- tribution is handled by the sponsor: public distribution is by the National Technical Information Service , Springfield, VA 22161,

in paper copy or microfiche form.
U.S. Department of Commerce

National Bureau of Standards

Washington, D C. 20234

Official Business

Penalty for Private Use $300