JANUARY 2014, VOLUME 4, NUMBER 1
 

IN THIS ISSUE 

Camden Embraces Metro Model 

Alcohol, Youth, and Violence 

Announcements & Upcoming Events 

• Funding Opportunities 

• Training Opportunities 

News & Views 

• Reports, Guidelines, and Briefs 

• News 

• Other Resources 

ALCOHOL AND YOUTH 

KEEP TOO MUCH 

COMPANY WITH 

VIOLENCE 

by Michael Hopps 

Alcohol, after caffeine, is America’s favorite overthe-counter drug. And after caffeine, it is the drug 

of choice among Americans both old enough and 

too young to consume it legally. 

Alcohol use—especially excess use—is a risk 

factor both for being victimized and for 

perpetrating youth violence. This violence may 

take the form of bullying, gang violence, assaults 

that take place in bars and on streets and in 

CAMDEN’S METRO MODEL 

ADDS 100 OFFICERS TO CITY 

FORCE 

by Dave Marsden 

Camden, N.J.—A great story* occurring in one of our Forum 

cities is the dramatic change taking place in this New Jersey town 

of 77,000 people, across the Delaware River from Philadelphia, 

Pa. 

Camden, N.J., has the unenviable distinction of ranking near the 

top of the nation for cities its size in both violence and poverty; 

however, things are changing fast. 

On May 1, 2013, Camden’s city police department had 230 sworn 

officers. Despite having state-of-the-art technology and an 

outstanding police chief in Scott Thomson, the department was 

fighting a losing battle. The city suffered 52 murders in 2012 

alone. In fact, the number of nonfatal shootings was so high that 

each city resident stood a 1 in 270 chance of being shot 

sometime in the next year. 

Today, the Camden Police Department is the newly constituted 

Camden County Police Department under Chief Thomson’s 

leadership, with 330 officers—a full hundred more than last May. 

Eight-nine officers have recently graduated from the academy and 

joined the force. In addition, there is a new academy class under 

way that will bring the force to 411 by June. How did this happen? 

The answer was to start with the best of the old force and add 

new officers dedicated to providing the public with the highest 

level of public safety. Officers from the old city force reinterviewed for jobs in the new Camden County Police 

Department. One hundred fifty-five officers made the transition, 

while 45 officers were not selected or chose not to apply. All of the 

officers had to retake their oaths, according to Chief Thomson. 

The new department motto is “Service Before Self,” according to 

the chief, who adds that his officers have been to “hell and back” 

on the way to reinventing themselves and getting a fresh start. 

“Morale is up,” says the chief, and positive results have begun to 

appear. 

From May through December, there has been a 38 percent 

reduction in violent crime from the same 8-month period in 2012, 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

homes, and sexual aggression.1 The National 

Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 

concludes that life within a gang has two endemic 

features: violence and alcohol.2 

For both males and females, a riskier drinking 

style is associated with dating violence. A study 

published in 2011 in The Journal of Studies on 

Alcohol and Drugs characterized dating violence 

as attended by “more frequent alcohol use, 

alcohol-aggression expectancies, drinking to 

cope, and beliefs that alcohol is disinhibiting and 

that being drunk provides a ‘time out’ from 

behavioral expectations.”3 

George Washington's Center for Alcohol & Other 

Drug Education estimates that 85 percent of all 

campus rapes nationwide involve alcohol. 

Those who have a drink or two daily (slightly less 

for women than for men) are not prone to abuse.4 

5 But such moderation does not constitute the 

drinking pattern of most American youths. 

Teens Drink, Older Teens Drink More, Young 

Adults Binge More 

Most parents underestimate the extent of teen 

drinking and see it as less of a problem than 

teenagers themselves do.6 In 2006, 54 percent of 

Americans ages 12 through 20 had used alcohol 

in their lifetime, and 46 percent had used it in the 

past month. Rates of consumption increase with 

age among underage persons. 

In a 2007 survey, more than 3 percent of 12- and 

13-year-old Americans, 15 percent of 14- and 15-

year-olds, 29 percent of 16- and 17-year-olds, 

and 51 percent of 18- to 20-year-olds had drunk 

alcohol within the 30 days leading up to the time 

they were surveyed. Binge drinking—five or more 

drinks on one occasion—peaks in the early adult 

8 years.

Much (if not all) of this age-specific drinking 

behavior is attributable to the prefrontal cortex, 

the part of the brain responsible for rational 

decision-making, planning, and impulse control. 

The prefrontal cortex is not fully developed in the 

adolescent and probably does not finish 

developing until one’s mid-20s. (Cracks Jennifer 

Senior, author of just-released book All Joy and 

No Fun: The Paradox of Modern Parenthood, 

"The only group of people who seemed to figure 

this out before neuroscientists was car insurance 

companies.") 

Young adults (ages 19–24) have the highest 

prevalence of heavy or high-risk drinking9 and 

also demonstrate an accelerated trajectory to 

dependence.10 While 50 percent of 18-year-old 

heavy drinkers age out of those drinking patterns, 

50 percent have the same drinking pattern 12 

and homicides are down 15 percent, according to the chief. 

Although it has only been 8 months since the personnel change, 

the trends point in the right direction. While adding more officers 

who are rededicating themselves to their public safety mission is 

critical, there has been a major change in policing philosophy and 

strategy taking place at the same time. In the old force there were 

only enough officers on board to take a reactive approach to the 

job. Officers were largely in cruisers responding to crimes as best 

they could; prevention appeared to be out of the question. But 

with additional staff and a switch to community policing, there 

appears to be a new sense of safety and trust among the police 

and the citizens they serve. There has been a “tenfold increase in 

citizen contact, and despite that increase the actual number of 

officer demeanor complaints is down,” says the chief. So what is 

going on in Camden? 

The answer is that officers are out of their cruisers and on foot, 

reintroducing themselves to residents and developing 

relationships. The results have been an increase in the perception 

and reality of public safety. Ordinary citizens are coming out on 

the streets, driving the drug trade into the background. People are 

talking to the police, and as a result gun seizures are up 75 

percent. The concept of procedural justice and legitimacy, a 

recent topic of a Forum site call, is well known in Camden and is 

being actively practiced. People are more engaged in informing 

on those who are engaging in criminal activity, and police are 

catching more folks in the act of committing crimes because of 

their increased presence where crime is committed. 

Chief Thomson also polled the citizens of Camden to find out 

what their reaction has been to the changes in the way the 

department operates. Three of every four (75 percent) citizens 

surveyed have a positive view of the police. 

What is also groundbreaking about this turnaround is what it may 

portend for New Jersey as a whole. With a 2 percent cap on any 

yearly tax increase for any county in New Jersey, the other 36 

municipalities in Camden County may be looking to join this new 

county police agency. With 37 police departments in Camden 

County, the duplication of overhead (dispatch, administration, etc.) 

is creating huge budget headaches in these difficult financial 

times. The separate police “silos” that exist are a barrier to 

communication and to catching criminals. Chief Thomson expects 

6 to 12 additional municipalities to join his county-based force 

over the next 5 years through “shared service agreements.” This 

could make Camden County a more efficient and effective police 

entity, as the economy of scale in this potential consolidation is 

substantial. 

This bold action taken in Camden was not without political risk. 

Mayor Dana Redd was challenged over her decision to go with a 

county model in her recent reelection bid, but her judgment was 

vindicated when she garnered 80 percent of the vote. 

According to Mayor Redd, the success of this effort stemmed from 

“a collaboration between our state, city, and county partners as 

well as the contributions of the federal government.” She added, 

“Our success was also due to the resources and technology we 

provided the police before the conversion to the Metro County 

Model, and the fact that we had the community at the table from 

the inception of the effort.” She also attributes much of Camden’s 

success to “the Congress of Resident, Faith-Based, and 

Community-Based Organizations” that stood with her “for the 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

years later.11 

Candy’s Dandy, Liquor’s Quicker 

Alcohol is absorbed more quickly and with greater 

effect on an empty stomach or if carbonated. It 

moves rapidly to all vital organs. Chiefly 

metabolized in the liver, alcohol’s deconstruction 

requires much more time—roughly three hours for 

each ounce of alcohol drunk—than its 

absorption.12 

By depressing both inhibitory and excitatory 

neurons, alcohol remakes different people 

differently—rendering one the recluse, another 

the flirt, another the fighter, another the life of the 

party, and another the death on the highway. 

It isn’t what you drink (beer versus wine versus 

hard liquor) that makes you inebriated to the point 

of dysfunction; it’s specifically how much alcohol 

you consume. If liquor seems to make the 

consumer more violent than beer, it is simply 

because its higher-percentage alcohol content 

makes the drinker drunk faster.13 By contrast, if 

you tried to get drunk on so-called nonalcoholic 

beer (whose alcohol content is about 1/12 the 

amount of regular beer), given the speed at which 

the body metabolizes alcohol, by the time you got 

drunk... you would be sober. 

The Numbers on Binge Drinking Are 

Staggering 

Large numbers of underage drinkers binge.14 

Eighteen to 36 percent of high school students 

report binge drinking within the previous 2 

weeks,15 and two in five college students report 

binge drinking.16 The problem may be 

underestimated, for some research suggests that 

students regularly overestimate the size of a 

standard drink and thus underestimate the extent 

of their drinking.17 

The point of binge drinking can vary. Some drink 

simply to get drunk fast, others to show how well 

they can “hold” their alcohol. But addictions 

scientists think the young drinker with the “hollow 

leg” may be more prone to alcoholism than one 

who feels (and appears) inebriated quickly.18 19 

What to Do About This Dangerous Drug? 

Analyses of public policy related to alcohol 

purchase and consumption offer evidence that 

policy change and enforcement can be an 

effective deterrent.24 25 Effectively limiting the 

access to alcohol to persons under legal drinking 

age not only directly reduces teen drinking but 

also communicates a clear message to the 

community that underage drinking is 

unacceptable.26 Checking would-be buyers' IDs 

more rigorously and reducing the number of 

alcohol outlets in a neighborhood are two 

needed change in public safety and policing.” 

To read more on the Camden County Police Department see 

http://camdencountypd.org. 

*

This story was based in large part on an interview with Police Chief Scott 

Thomson. 

NEWS 

& VIEWS 

Reports 

Chronic Violence and Community Health: Reflections on a

Symposium Series 

Jacob & Valeria Langeloth Foundation, 2014 

This 23-page report (http://frontlinesol.com/Reports/

Chronic_Violence_and_Community_Health.pdf) describes 

drivers of violence and recounts recommendations for action from 

the symposium series held between October 2012 and February 

2013 in five U.S. cities: Chicago, Ill.; New Orleans, La.; Oakland, 

Calif.; Philadelphia, Pa.; and Washington, D.C. Discussions from 

the symposium centered on three learning objectives: 

Identify approaches that are reducing the effects of chronic 

violence. 

Understand the challenges communities face in stemming 

violence. 

Document models of effective collaboration in the field. 

The foundation commissioned the social change organization 

Frontline Solutions to run the symposium series and write the 

report. 

City Voices and Perspectives 

Prevention Institute, 2013 

Street outreach and violence interruption can prevent shootings 

and killings, and in City Voices and Perspectives 

(http://www.preventioninstitute.org/component/jlibrary/

article/id-340/127.html) Health Commissioner Oxiris Barbot 

describes how the Safe Streets program reduced violence in 

Baltimore, Md. Because of Safe Streets, one neighborhood went 

nearly 2 years without a homicide, and nonfatal shootings 

dropped by more than a third. Part of the City Voices and 

Perspectives series, this publication shares evaluation data on 

Safe Streets, including cost savings figures. Safe Streets is the 

longest-running replication of the Cure Violence model. 

National Standards for the Care of Youths Charged With 

Status Offenses 

The Coalition for Juvenile Justice, 2013 

These standards promote system reform and adoption of 

research-supported policies, programs, and practices that 

address the needs of youth, their families, and communities, 

without unnecessary involvement from the juvenile justice system 

involvement. The standards aim to inspire policymakers, 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

strategies associated with decreases in violence.
 

Two school-based programs—Brief Alcohol 

Screening and Intervention of College Students 

(or BASICS) and Safe Dates—have been shown 

to be effective in reducing risky drinking behavior 

and dating violence among college students and 

middle and high school students, respectively. 

Listed as an effective program in OJP’s 

CrimeSolutions.gov, BASICS is aimed at college 

students 18 to 24 years old who drink alcohol 

heavily and have experienced or are at risk for 

alcohol-related problems such as poor class 

attendance, missed assignments, accidents, 

sexual assault, and violence. BASICS is designed 

to help students make better decisions about 

using alcohol. The program’s style is empathic, 

rather than confrontational or judgmental. 

BASICS uses brief, limited interventions designed 

to prompt students to change their drinking 

patterns. The program is conducted over the 

course of two 50-minute interviews. For more 

information, see 

http://www.crimesolutions.gov/ 

ProgramDetails.aspx?ID=138. 

Another CrimeSolutions.gov effective program, 

Safe Dates is a school-based prevention program 

for middle and high school students designed to 

stop or prevent the initiation of dating violence 

victimization and perpetration, including the 

psychological, physical, and sexual abuse that 

may occur between youths involved in a dating 

relationship. Safe Dates relies on primary and 

secondary prevention activities to target 

behavioral changes in adolescents. The Safe 

Dates program includes a curriculum with nine 

50-minute sessions, one 45-minute play to be 

performed by students, and a poster contest. For 

more information, see 

http://www.crimesolutions.gov/

ProgramDetails.aspx?ID=142. 

ANNOUNCEMENTS 

& UPCOMING EVENTS 

Funding Opportunities 

The Bureau of Justice Assistance (of the U.S. 

Department of Justice) announces a competitive 

grant, "National Training and Technical 

Assistance: Intellectual Property Enforcement 

Program." Applications are due at 11:59 p.m. 

(EST) on March 17, 2014. Applicants must 

register with Grants.gov 

(http://www.grants.gov/applicants/ 

legislators, decision makers, and practitioners in how local and 

state systems can best respond to youths who are at risk for or 

charged with status offenses. 

From Courts to Communities: The Right Response to

Truancy, Running Away, and Other Status Offenses 

Center on Youth Justice, 2013 

Solid research on youth charged with low-level offenses shows 

diverting delinquent juveniles from court and responding with 

community-based programming are more effective strategies for 

preventing future crime. This report raises awareness about law 

enforcement responses to noncriminal status offenses, 

encourages dialog about the circumstances behind youth 

misbehavior, and explores whether courts are equipped to 

effectively address status offenses. 

A Generation Later: What We've Learned About Zero 

Tolerance in Schools 

Center on Youth Justice, 2013 

This policy brief looks at research that suggests zero tolerance 

discipline policies do not make schools more orderly or safe and, 

in fact, might have the opposite effect. Some of the most rigorous 

studies show out-of-school suspension can severely disrupt 

academic progress in detrimental, long-lasting ways. The brief 

describes alternatives to strict policies to keep young people safer 

and in school. 

Patterns of Girls' Delinquent Behavior 

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 2013 

Part of a series on the Girls Study Group findings, this bulletin 

examines data on developmental patterns of girls' offending from 

childhood through adolescence. OJJDP created the series to 

assess trends of offending among boys and girls, highlight risk 

and protective factors, and reveal causes and correlates of girls' 

delinquency. 

News 

PTSD at Least as High in Violent Neighborhoods as in

Combat Zones 

Posttraumatic stress disorder is as high or higher in violent 

American neighborhoods than in combat zones abroad, yet 

hospitals rarely screen for it. Philadelphia, Pa., has begun to

focus on trauma as a major public health issue ( 

http://www.philly.com/philly/health/mental-health/

PTSD_as_high_or_higher_in_violent_

neighborhoods_than_war_zones.html#FfzqC5 

YRXB3fuTOh.99). 

CDC Sponsors All-Star Panel to Address Preventing Youth 

Violence 

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Public Health 

Grand Rounds will present “Preventing Youth Violence,” on 

Tuesday, Feb. 18, from 1 to 2 p.m. (EST) at the Global 

Communications Center (Building 19), Auditorium A, Roybal 

Campus, at CDC headquarters in Atlanta, Ga. 

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 

Administrator Robert L. Listenbee Jr. will address “Promoting 

Violence Prevention in our Communities, Achieving Impact, and 

Scaling Up.” 

Howard Spivak, director of CDC’s Division of Violence Prevention 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

apply-for-grants.html) before applying. View the 

full solicitation (https://www.bja.gov/

Funding/14IntelPropTTAsol.pdf). 

The Bureau of Justice Assistance (of the U.S. 

Department of Justice) also announces the 

competitive grant "Second Chance Act Reentry 

Program for Adult Offenders With Co-Occurring 

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders." 

Applications are due at 11:59 p.m. (EST) on 

March 18, 2014. Applicants must register with 

Grants.gov (http://www.grants.gov/applicants/

apply-for-grants.html) before applying. View the 

full solicitation (https://www.bja.gov/

Funding/14SCACoOccurring

DisordersSol.pdf). 

System of Care Expansion planning grants and 

implementation cooperative agreements, 

awarded by the Substance Abuse and Mental 

Health Services Administration, will support 

efforts to develop, expand, and maintain a system 

of care providing mental health services for 

children and youth with serious emotional 

disturbances and their families. Planning grant 

applications must be received by March 19; 

implementation grant applications are due March 

21. 

Training Opportunities 

Registration is open for Workshop on Violence 

and Mental Health: Opportunities for Prevention 

and Early Intervention 

On Feb. 26–27, the Institute of Medicine will host 

Mental Health and Violence: Opportunities for

Prevention and Early Intervention—A

Workshop (http://iom.edu/Activities/Global/ 

ViolenceForum/2014-FEB-26.aspx?

utm_medium=etmail&utm_source= 

Institute%20of%20Medicine& 

utm_campaign=01.23.14+GVP&

utm_content=&utm_term=), at the Keck Center 

in Washington, D.C. (500 Fifth Street NW, 20001). 

This free workshop will explore a model for 

thinking about mental health, violence, and 

prevention with the goal of arriving at a better 

understanding of the relationships between 

mental illness and risks of violence perpetration 

and victimization as well as the mental health 

consequences of exposure to violence. Space is 

limited, so register now 

(http://www.surveygizmo.com/s3 

/1487408/BGH-Mental-Health-andViolence-Opportunities-forPrevention-and-Early-Intervention2-26-14?utm_medium=etmail&utm_ 

source=Institute%20of%20Medicine& 

utm_campaign=01.23.14+GVP&utm_ 

content=&utm_term=) to attend in person or by 

webcast. 

Registration is open for the National Council of 

within the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control will 

address “Why Youth Violence Prevention is a Public Health 

Issue.” 

Deborah Gorman–Smith, professor from the University of 

Chicago’s School of Social Service Administration and director of 

the Chicago, Ill., Center for Youth Violence Prevention, will 

discuss “Helping Communities Use the Evidence for Youth 

Violence Prevention.” 

Sheila Savannah, Health Planning Division manager of the 

Houston, Texas, Department of Health and Human Services, will 

speak on “How Comprehensive Youth Violence Prevention is 

Working in Houston.” 

Register for the live Webcast (http://www.cdc.gov/about/grandrounds/). 

First Public Hearing Held by Task Force on American 

Indian/Alaska Native Children Exposed to Violence 

At its first public hearing on Dec. 9, 2013, the advisory 

committee of the Attorney General's Task Force on American 

Indian/Alaska Native Children Exposed to Violence focused on 

domestic violence, physical and sexual abuse of tribal youth, and 

how to better identify, assess, and treat traumatized children. 

First Universal Children's Day 

Nearly 8,500 children visited more than 4,000 federal inmates in 

December on the Bureau of Prisons' first Universal Children's 

Day. The event gave inmates an opportunity to connect with their 

children through storytelling, parenting workshops, family worship 

services, arts and crafts, and other activities. 

Turning the Curve on Youth Violence 

Judges, law enforcement, elected officials, youth counselors, 

parents, and city workers attended the December Santa Cruz 

County Status on Youth Violence Summit, which presented 

current data and focused on making a positive change in youth 

violence trends. One community director said a strategic plan 

would be developed to move from data to action. 

Other Resources 

The Status Offense Reform Center is a resources hub for 

policymakers and practitioners working to keep youth with 

noncriminal status offenses out of the juvenile justice system. In 

addition to the toolkit for planning, implementing, and sustaining 

status offense system reforms, the site contains research briefs, 

Webinars, podcasts, a blog, and a help desk. 

New Safe Routes to School Policy Workbook 

The Safe Routes to School Policy Workbook is a customizable 

tool for school board members, administrators, families, and 

communities to create and implement policies that support active 

and safe transportation to school. 

Evidence-Based Treatments for Homeless Youth 

Professor and researcher Natasha Slesnick answers questions 

about the work she and colleagues have undertaken to discover 

which evidence-based treatments are effective in working with 

homeless youth. 

Starting a Youth Program 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Juvenile and Family Court Judges' Family Law 

Institute for Judges and Lawyers, March 2–5. 

Topics will include e- discovery and ethics, 

psychotropic medication effects, child toxic stress, 

neglect, cyberstalking, and modern parenting. 

This guide provides information for adults and teens interested in 

starting a youth-serving nonprofit organization. The guide takes 

users through four distinct steps, each with interactive videos and 

helpful tools. 

IACP Youth Focused Policing: Program Impact Tools 

The International Association of Chiefs of Police and OJJDP have 

created online program impact tools for law enforcement 

agencies to evaluate the effectiveness of youth programs. The 

tools include an eight-step guide that can help identify youthrelated issues, set program goals, and measure outcomes to 

determine the impact. 

References 

1 World Health Organization. 2006. “Youth Violence and Alcohol.” Who Facts 

On.... Geneva, Switzerland. 

http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention 

/violence/world_report/factsheets/fs_youth.pdf. 

2 Geoffrey P. Hunt and Karen Joe Laidler. N.d. “Alcohol and Violence in the
 

Lives of Gang Members.” Bethesda, Md.: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse
 

and Alcoholism.
 3 Emily F. Rothman, Gregory L. Stuart, Paul E. Greenbaum, Timothy Heeren,
 

Deborah J. Bowen, Robert Vinci, Allyson L. Baughman, and Judith
 

Bernstein. 2011. “Drinking Style and Dating Violence in a Sample of Urban,
 

Alcohol-Using Youth.” Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 72:555–66. 

4 Boyd Gibbons. 1992. “Alcohol, the Legal Drug.” National Geographic 

February.
 5 Morris Chafetz. 1978. How Drinking Can Be Good for You. New York, N.Y.:
 

Stein and Day.
 6 National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University.
 

2002. Teen Tipplers: America’s Underage Drinking Epidemic. New York, N.Y.
 7 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2008.
 

Results From the 2007 National Survey National Survey on Drug Use and 

Health: National Findings. NSDUH Series H–34, DHHS Publication No. 08– 

4343. Rockville, Md. 

8 Martha Yeide. 2009. “Underage Drinking: A Review of the Literature.” 

Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 

U.S. Department of Justice. 

9 National Institute on Drug Abuse. 2013. Monitoring the Future: National
 

Survey Results on Drug Use. Bethesda, Md.
 10 Linda P. Spear. 2002. “The Adolescent Brain and the College Drinker:
 

Biological Basis of Propensity to Use and Misuse Alcohol.” Journal of Studies
 

on Alcohol Supplement 14:206–25.
 11 Mark T. Temple and Kaye Middleton Fillmore. 1985. “The Variability of
 

Drinking Patterns and Problems Among Young Men, Age 16–31: A
 

Longitudinal Study.” International Journal of the Addictions 20(11–12):1595–
 

1620. 

12 Boyd Gibbons. 1992. “Alcohol, the Legal Drug.” National Geographic
 

February.
 13 Ibid. 

14 Martha Yeide. 2009. “Underage Drinking: A Review of the Literature.”
 

Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention,
 

U.S. Department of Justice.
 

15 National Institute on Drug Abuse. 2013. Monitoring the Future: National
 

Survey Results on Drug Use. Bethesda, Md.
 16 Henry Wechsler, Jae Eun Lee, Meichun Kuo, Mark Seibring, Toben F.
 

Nelson, and Hang Lee. 2002. “Trends in College Binge Drinking During a
 

Period of Increased Prevention Efforts—Findings From Four Harvard School
 

of Public Health College Alcohol Study Surveys: 1993–2001. Journal of
 

American College Health 50(5):203–17.
 17 Aaron M. White, Courtney L. Kraus, Julie D. Flom, Lori A. Kestenbaum, 

Jamie R. Mitchell, Kunal Shah, and H. Scott Swartzwelder. 2005. “College 

Students Lack Knowledge of Standard Drink Volumes: Implications for 

Definitions of Risky Drinking Based on Survey Data.” Alcoholism: Clinical 

and Experimental Research 29:631–38. 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contact Us 

Send questions or feedback about the newsletter to 

NFYVP@dsgonline.com or subscribe. 

18 Boyd Gibbons. 1992. “Alcohol, the Legal Drug.” National Geographic 

February.
 19 E.M. Jellinek. 1960. The Disease Concept of Alcohol. New Haven, Conn.:
 

College and University Press.
 20 Harold D. Holder and Alexander C. Wagenaar. 1994. “Mandated Server
 

Training and Reduced Alcohol-Involved Traffic Crashes: A Time-Series
 

Analysis of the Oregon Experience.” Accident Analysis and Prevention 26:
 

89–97. 

21 NIAAA Task Force on College Drinking, National Advisory Council on
 

Alcohol and Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and
 

Alcoholism. 2002. A Call to Action: Changing the Culture of Drinking at
 

College Campuses. NIH Publication No. 02–5010. Bethesda, Md.
 22 Martha Yeide. 2009. “Underage Drinking: A Review of the Literature.”
 

Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention,
 

U.S. Department of Justice. 

The National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention 

Newsletter is prepared under Office of Juvenile 

Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) 

Cooperative Agreement No. 2012–MU–FX–K009 

with Development Services Group, Inc. 

The views, opinions, and content of this newsletter do 

not necessarily reflect the views, opinions, or policies 

of OJJDP.