# Patent

## Title
Clamp with clamping jaws and a carrier connecting them

## Abstract

This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/897,904, filed Jul. 21, 1997.

## Background
Concrete construction forms are generally prefabricated by the manufacturer for use in a particular structural application such as corner forms, linear wall forms, or form parts for assembly on the job to build structures having a curved surface and the like. Thus, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,616,148, a form assembly enables the casting of generally curved surfaces to a particular desired curvature by the use of flexible metal sheets arranged with their side portions in an overlapping relation and having reinforcing members at such side portions that are adjustably clamped to a supporting scaffold to secure the flexible sheets in the desired curved pattern to form an arched roof. Arched roof constructions are also shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,436,543 and 2,933,056. U.S. Pat. No. 3,971,176 discloses a permanently formed wooden stud-truss that has a curved central arch section positioned between a pair of straight end sections. The central arch has transverse slots or notches the sides of which are moved into contact engagement to provide the desired curvature. Before being closed the slots are filled with an adhesive compound to maintain the central arch in permanent deflection.

A concrete form including a flexible panel having an adjustable curvature is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,679,763. The concrete form is flexible to conform to any desired curvilinear shape having no radius of curvature less than the design limitations of the form. A strap or tension member substantially coextensive with the length of the form and including a plurality of elongated openings is used in association with a plurality of nut and bolt combinations to hold the form in the desired curvilinear shape. Because the single strap extended the entire length of the form, the elongated openings became quite extended at the side edges of the form. Due to the length of the form and the relatively small radii of curvatures to which the flexible form could be made to conform, a single strap could not function for both positive and negative radii of curvatures. This prior art form, accordingly, required two straps, only one of which was used in any given structure of formwork. A flexible concrete form that would reduce the number of loose parts and simplify use of the form is desired.

The invention provides a concrete metal form that is transportable as a unit and may be adjusted for use in the construction of concrete structures having either planar or curvilinear surfaces, or a combination of such surfaces. The form is easily and quickly convertible on the job for such applications to appreciably reduce manufacturing, handling and storage costs by the elimination of a plurality of special job forms. The form has a flexible metal panel member with an integral perimetral flange and ribs projected laterally from one side. A pair of transversely opposite side sections of the perimetral flange are divided into a plurality of segments by longitudinally spaced V-shape notches the apices of which are adjacent the one side of the panel member, to provide for a lateral flexing movement of the panel member to a desired curved shape. This desired shape may obtained, for example, by placing the form on a fixture or jig with the opposite side of the panel member against a predetermined curved surface on the fixture. In a first, preferred embodiment of the invention, with the panel member flexed against the curved surface, the segments in each of the flange sections are rigidly but releasably connected together against relative movement by a plurality of retaining or tension strap segments that have a first end portion fixed to a corresponding one of the plurality of the flange segments and an opposite, free end portion that extends laterally to an adjacent flange section. In a second, preferred embodiment, tension strap segments of diverse lengths are used. Specifically, one or more strap segments that are the same as those in the first, preferred embodiment and plurality of flange segments and have two opposing free end portions that extend laterally to a pair of adjacent flange sections. Nut and bolt combinations are used to hold the free end portion of the strap segments to maintain the predetermined curved shape of the flexed panel member. The form is then removed from the fixture for use. As a result of the notch separation of the flange segments and the releasable connection of the segments to hold a predetermined curved shape of the panel member, the form may be readily converted from a curvilinear shape to a planar shape, and vice versa, or to a combination of such shapes as dictated by the job requirements.

FIG. 1 is a foreshortened rear perspective view of the metal concrete form of this invention, with parts removed for clarity, showing its use for forming a concrete structure having a planar surface;

FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view of the concrete form of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged detail view of the metal concrete form in FIG. 1 showing the assembly relation of a tension member with the panel member of the form; and

FIG. 4 is a top view illustrating the use of a pair of the metal concrete forms to build a wall structure having a curvilinear surface.

FIG. 5 is a rear elevational view of a metal concrete form of a second preferred embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail view of an elongated tension member used in the second preferred embodiment.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings, there is shown a metal concrete form 10 of a generally pan shape having a panel member 11 with a perimetral flange 12 projected laterally from one side 13 thereof. The flange 12 has a terminal flat surface portion or projection 14 in a parallel relation with the panel member 11. Spaced longitudinally of a pair of transversely opposite side sections 16 and 17 of the flange 12 and extended therebetween in a parallel spaced relation are a plurality of brace members 18 each of which is secured as by weldments to the one side 13 of the panel member 11. As shown in FIG. 1, each brace member is of a height substantially equal to the height of the flange 12 with its opposite ends underlying the terminal projections 14 on the flange side sections 16 and 17.

For the purpose of converting the form 10 to on-site use in the construction of concrete structures having either planar or curvilinear surfaces, each of the side flange sections 16 and 17 is divided into a plurality of segments 19 by V-shape notches 21 having their apices 22 adjacent the side 13 of the panel member 11 and each of which is located between adjacent brace members 18. A first of the end segments 19a is formed with a single, round hole 23a, a second, opposite of the end segments 19a is formed with a single, round hole 23b, and each remaining segment 19 with a pair of longitudinally spaced, round holes 23a and 23b.

The panel member 11 is formed from a sheet steel material so as to be bendable laterally of the form 10 at the notches 21 from the planar position illustrated in FIG. 1 to the reversely curved positions illustrated in FIG. 4. The planar shape of the panel member 11 in FIG. 1, in the construction of concrete structures having planar surfaces, is maintained by a plurality of tension or flat strap segments 24 formed with a round opening 26a adjacent a first end portion of the strap segments 24 and an elongated opening 26b adjacent a second end portion of the strap segments 24 for alignment with associated holes 23a and 23b, respectively, in the segments 19 and 19a of the flange sections 16 and 17. In the manufacture of the panel member 11, the first end portion of the strap segments 24 are initially attached to the segments 19 and 19a by bolt assemblies 27 insertable through the aligned ones of the round holes 23a and openings 26a. The strap segments 24 are then fixed as by weldments 28 (FIG. 3) or the like to the respective flange sections 19 and 19a, whereupon the bolt assembly may be removed. Upon being fixed at the flange segments 19 and 19a, the second, free end portion of the strap segments extends over an adjacent one of the flange segments 19 and 19a with the corresponding opening 26b centrally aligned with the elongated hole 23b. Bolt assemblies 27 insertable through the aligned ones of the round holes 23b and elongated openings 26b on being tightened lock the segments 19 and 19a in each flange section against relative movement whereby to maintain the planar adjustment of the panel member 11.

When the form 10 is to be used to build a concrete structure having a curvilinear surface, each of the tension strap segments 24 is released from its flange segment locking position by loosening of the bolt assemblies 27 to provide for its repositioning with respect to the flange sections 16 and 17. To curve the panel member 11 generally convexly, as illustrated for the form 10a in FIG. 4, the form, with the tension strap segments 24 released, is flexed to the desired shape, for example by placing it against a form or fixture, normally of a wooden construction, and having a predetermined generally concave surface. In one embodiment of the invention, the sheet metal forming the panel member 11 and the perimetral flange 12 have a thickness of about 3/16 inch. The brace members 18 are also formed from a 3/16 inch sheet metal material so that the form 10 has an average weight of about twenty pounds per square foot. This weight is generally sufficient to conform the panel member 11 to a supporting curved surface without the application of any additional weight or pressure.

With the form 10 thus positioned on the fixture, the bolt assemblies 27 at the elongated holes 26b in the strap segments 24 are tightened. Following this initial adjustment of the bolt assemblies, all of the bolt assemblies are then torqued uniformly to about two hundred foot pounds. By virtue of the elongated shape of the openings 26b in the tension strap segments 24, movement of the tension member relative to the bolt assemblies fixed in the holes 23 in the flange section 16 and 17, is permitted to accommodate the curvilinear shape of the panel member 11.

In the adjustment of the form 10 to its curved shape shown in FIG. 3 at 10b, the procedure is similar to that followed in the curvilinear shaping of the form 10a. In this respect the fixture has a predetermined curved surface of a generally convex shape. With the tension members 24 relaxed, relative to the flange side sections 16 and 17, the form 10 is placed against the fixture. Similarly to the procedure described above, the center bolt assemblies 27 are initially tightened, after which the bolt assemblies to each side thereof are alternately tightened and then finally uniformly torqued to about two hundred foot pounds.

It is seen, therefore, that in adjusting the form 10 for planar surface structures, the bolt assemblies 27 are positioned substantially centrally of the elongated openings 26 in the tension member 24 (FIG. 2) and that when the panel member 11 is adjusted to curvilinear reverse positions thereof, the bolt assemblies 27 are at one or the other of the ends of the longitudinal openings 26 (FIG. 4). The radius of a curvilinear surface will be limited by the contact engagement of opposite side portions of the notches 21 which are of a size to permit generation of predetermined curved surfaces about radii of twenty feet and greater. It is apparent that to convert the form 10 from a curvilinear shape to a planar shape the tension members 24 are relaxed and the panel member positioned against an available flat surface, after which the tension member is rigidly secured to the flange side sections 16 and 17.

A second preferred embodiment of the form of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 5, generally at 30. In the first preferred embodiment, the tension members or strap segments 24 are all of a uniform length and span only a single notch 21 between two adjacent flange segments 19. In the second preferred embodiment, one or more extended strap segments, one of which is illustrated in FIG. 6 at 32, are used. The extended strap segments 32 are approximately twice the length of the strap segments 24 and have at least one opening 34 located centrally of the extended strap segments 32 and have a pair of elongated openings 36a and 36b at opposite end portions of the extended strap segment 32.

In use with the form 30, a central portion of the extended strap segments 32 is fixed to an inner one of the flange segments 19. During assembly a nut and bolt combination is used to hold the extended strap segment 32 in place through aligned openings 23 and 34. The extended strap segment 32 is then fixed by weldments or the like to the respective flange section 19, whereupon the bolt assembly may be removed. Upon being fixed on the flange segment 19, the opposing, free end portions of the extended strap segment 32 extend over the two next adjacent flange segments 19 with the elongated openings 36a and 36b over corresponding ones of the openings 23. Bolt assemblies 27 insertable through the aligned openings on being tightened lock the segments 19 in each flange section against relative movement whereby to maintain.

The form 30 makes use of two short strap segments 24 and five extended strap segments 32. This configuration reduces the amount of welding required during assembly by between about thirty and forty percent. Of course, other combinations of the segments 24 and 32 could be used. Although a metal concrete form has been described in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is equally applicable to a fiberglass form or to a wooden form wherein the panel members are bendable and the perimetral flange thereon is notched and then tensioned to a desired shape by a plurality of strap or tension members 24.

Although the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, it is to be understood that it is not to be so limited since changes and modifications can be made therein which are within the full intended scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A concrete form having a flexible panel member with an upstanding perimetral flange projected laterally from one side thereof and wherein said flange has a pair of transversely opposite side sections disposed on opposite ends of said form each of which side sections has a flat terminal surface portion extended inwardly in a direction parallel to said one side of the form, the improvement comprising: of segments by a plurality of notches longitudinally spaced over the length thereof, with each notch terminating in a V-shape portion having the apex thereof adjacent said one side of the panel member whereby said panel member is laterally flexibly movable to a preselected generally curve shape, portion separated by a V-shaped notch, and each of said plurality of bendable metal strap segments interconnecting one of said plurality of central flange segments with a pair of flange segments adjacent on either side of each of said plurality of central flange segments.

2. The concrete form according to claim 1 wherein each of said plurality of bendable metal strap segments comprises a central portion fixed to one of said plurality of central flange segments, and a pair of opposing end portions releasably secured to said adjacent flange segments whereby said central flange segments are held in a fixed position relative to said adjacent flange segments.