Reference NBS

Pub!i - cations

NBSIR 79-1619 AlllQM 5S1STD

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM FOR THE NBS

- C, K, and 0 LASER CALIBRATION SYSTEMS

William E. Case

Optical Electronic Metrology Group

Electromagnetic Technology Division

National Engineering Laboratory

National Bureau of Standards

Boulder, Colorado 80303

Prepared for

:

Department of the Air Force

Aerospace Guidance & Metrology Center (AGMC)

Newark Air Force Station

Newark, Ohio 43055

August 1979

-QC100

.U56

79-1619

1979

JAN 3 t 1980

NBSIR 79-1619

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM FOR THE NBS

C, K, and 0 LASER CALIBRATION SYSTEMS

William E. Case

Optical Electronic Metrology Group

Electromagnetic Technology Division

National Engineering Laboratory

National Bureau of Standards

Boulder, Colorado 80303

Prepared for : Department of the Air Force

Aerospace Guidance & Metrology Center (AGMC)

Newark Air Force Station

Newark, Ohio 43055

August 1979

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Juanita M. Kreps, Secretary

Luther H. Hodges, Jr., Under Secretary

Jordan J. Baruch, Assistant Secretary for Science and Technology

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director
(•

’ ^ I f ^ ^ '/fAvv

T

h
CONTENTS

Page

I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. UNITED STATES (U.S.) NATIONAL STANDARDS 3 A. Electrical Traceability 3

B. Standard Resistors 3

C. Standard Cell -- Potentiometer Calibration Setup 4

D. Digital Voltmeter Test System 5

E. Time-Interval Counters 5 III. QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR C, K AND Q LASER CALIBRATION SYSTEMS 5 A. First-Time Operation of a System 5

B. First-Time Operation of a System at a New Wavelength 8

C. Re-Evaluation of a System at an Old Wavelength 8

D. Quality Assurance Plans 1 and 2 8

E. Day-to-Day Check 9

F. Monthly or Special Check 12

G. Annual Check 12

H. NBS/AGMC MAP " 12

IV. BLUE BQQK 13

A. TABLE A -- ELECTRICAL CALIBRATIONS 14

B. TABLE B — ABSORPTION 15

C. TABLE C — INEQUIVALENCE 16

D. TABLE D — WINDOW TRANSMISSION 17

E. TABLE E — TRACEABILITY 18

F. TABLE F — D-FACTOR 19

G. TABLE G — SCALE ERRORS 20

H. TABLE H — BEAMSPLITTER RATIO 21

I. TABLE I — SUMMARY OF ERRORS 22

V. COMPUTER DOCUMENTATION FOR THE C, K AND Q CALIBRATING SYSTEMS 23

A. Electrical Calibration Files 23

B. Beamsplitter Files 23

C. Blue Book Matrix Files 23

VI. USING THE C, K AND Q CALIBRATING SYSTEMS 24

A. Transfer Standards 24

B. Conventional Calibrations 25

C. Measurement Assurance Programs (MAP) 26

VII. COMPUTER DOCUMENTATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE OF LASER POWER

AND ENERGY TRANSFER STANDARDS 27

A. Format 27

B. Discrete Power and Energy Levels 27

C. Separate Calibration Coefficients for Each Scale and Wavelength 27

i i i
CONTENTS, continued

D. Direct Calibrations 27

E. Using Mean or Average Calibration Coefficients 28

F. Two-Sided 99 Percent Confidence Interval ... 28

G. Status Categories 28 VIII. CALIBRATION AND MAP REPORTS 29

A. Regular Calibration Reports 29

B. MAP (Measurement Assurance Program) Reports 29

IX. REFERENCES 31

X. APPENDICES

A. Computer Program /SL/ for Electrical Calibration Factor 32

B. Beamsplitter Ratio and D-Factor Derivation 38

C. Computer Program, /ST2C/ for Beamsplitter Ratio 41

D. Computer Program /S6/ Used to Separate Calibration Values

According to Wavelength and/or Scale 48

E. Computer Program, /RU/, a RUNSUM Program to Detect Trends

in Statistical Data 53

F. Computer Program, /PL/, a Plotting Routine for a Single

Column of Data 57

G. Computer Program /ASTM/, an ASTM Program to Provide 2 Control Charts. . . 63

H. Computer Program, /D2/, a Statistical Program to Provide Average,

Standard Deviation 90%, 95%, and 99% Confidence Interval Data 71

I. Computer Program, /S7B/, Used to Separate Beamsplitter

Ratios for Different Code Numbers 76

J. Two Typical Electrical Calibration Files, /444/ and

/44CC/, as Stored on the Computer 78

K. Computer File, /YT/, a Typical Beamsplitter File

for a Given Laser Wavelength 81

L. Table L Defines Code Numbers for Different Beamsplitter Configurations. . 86

M. Computer File, /CMAT/, Contains All Required C-series Parameters .... 88

IV
Abstract

This report is a detailed procedure of how to set up and operate a Measurement Assurance Program (MAP) for a laser power and energy calibration

facility. Items such as traceability, methods of self-checking measurement

consistency, computer documentation and statistical analysis are discussed.

Key words: Calorimetry; laser beamsplitter system; laser calibration system;

laser measurements; laser power, calibration.

V

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM FOR THE NBS

C, K AND 0 LASER CALIBRATION SYSTEMS

William E. Case

I. INTRODUCTION

This report contains information _pertaining to several quality assurance programs used

by NBS to provide statistical control of the NBS C, K and Q Laser Calibrating Systems.

Duplicates of these systems were delivered previously to the Aerospace Guidance and Metrology

Center (AGMC) by the Optical Electronic Metrology Group at the National Bureau of Standards

in Boulder, Colorado.

Information, previously supplied by NBS, dealt on an individual basis with the use, calibration and maintenance of the C- and K-Series calorimeters. In contrast, this report

emphasizes the use of the two-calorimeter/beamsplitter configuration with a system's approach

for producing precisely known laser beams for calibrating purposes.

The report is organized into eight sections, which are briefly described here. Section I discusses some of the purposes and needs of C, K and Q laser calibrating systems. Sections II,

III, IV and V are concerned with the internal calibration and quality assurance performance

of the systems themselves. Sections VI, VII and VIII are concerned with the calibration and

statistical performance of transfer instruments assigned to C, K and Q systems.

One purpose of the C, K and Q calibrating systems is to provide accurately known laser

beams for determining the calibration coefficients of a number of transfer standards at several power and energy levels at several discrete laser wavelengths.

A second purpose of the systems is to provide data for determining accuracy or uncer- tainty values for each and every calibrated beam run that is delivered by the three systems.

The above two purposes are best served by using the two-calorimeter/beamsplitter configuration, rather than the direct substitution method. Some advantages of this configuration are:

A. To provide calibrated beams over a greater range,

B. Less stringent requirements on laser-power stability,

C. Beamsplitter runs allow self-consistency checks of the whole system. The beamsplitter ratio of a good quality beamsplitter remains very stable at a given

wavelength, over a long period of time,

D. Both calorimeters can be treated equally as reference standards and provide a check

against each other, and

E. Simplifies preparation of uncertainty statements by using statistics of the whole

system rather than piece-meal statistics on individual components.
Proper use of the calibrating systems is important as the certified reports with calibration values and statements of total uncertainty are based on the integrity of the calibrating

systems. A complete check of a system's uncertainty involves a set of 20 to 30 measurements

that are too time-consuming to do more often than once or twice a year.

While the C, K and Q Series calorimeters have demonstrated good instrument stability and

retain their electrical and laser calibration values for long periods of time, a need still

exists for a quick, simple, day-to-day check and for a slightly more comprehensive monthly

test to ensure system integrity. Some examples of what can happen are as follows: (1) Occasionally a calorimeter temperature-control amplifier malfunctions and needs to be replaced.

(2) A calorimeter window may get slightly dirty due to the vacuum system or some other source

and needs to be cleaned. (3) A fingerprint on the beamsplitter will give an inaccurate ratio

and require cleaning. (4) Reversing the direction a laser beam passes through a sapphire

beamsplitter may give a different beamsplitter ratio. (5) The calorimeter absorbing surface

may be damaged by laser beams with excessive power density and change the calibration of the

cu lorimeter.

Section II deals with electrical traceability to U.S. National Electrical and Time

Standards. Since the laser calorimeter measurements are considered to be absolute, rather

than relative measurements of energy, it is necessary to establish traceability to fundamental national standards. The electrical measurements concern standard cells, potentiometers, digital voltmeters, standard resistors and time-interval counters.

Section III contains several short- and long-term quality control plans varying from

day-to-day operation to yearly calorimeter interchange evaluations. Some advantages of a NBS Measurements Assurance Program (MAP) with AGMC are discussed, which would result in a time-saving, independent appraisal of the AGMC system.

Section IV describes the Blue Book procedure used by NBS to evaluate the calibrated beam

uncertainty at the 99% confidence interval for each system and laser wavelength. The Blue

Book contains quantitative estimates of the error uncertainty for the electrical calibration

coefficients, absorbing values, window transmission values, electrical traceability, inequivalence, D-factors (disagreement between calorimeters), amplifier gains and beamsplitter

ratios.

Computer documentation of the calibrating system in Section V completes the system

analysis from an internal viewpoint. Electrical calibration files for each calorimeter are kept on the computer in chronological order. Beamsplitter files are stored on the computer

for each beamsplitter, and for each laser wavelength being provided by the system. Computer

programs are available to quickly ascertain the status of a calorimeter or beamsplitter.

Using the C, K and Q systems for calibrating transfer standards is discussed in Section VI. Some desirable characteristics of a good transfer standard are presented. The chronology of

both NBS conventional and MAP-type calibrations are described.

Some guidelines used by NBS concerning documentation and quality assurance of laser

transfer standards is discussed in detail in Section VII. Measurements at only discrete

power and energy levels is emphasized to more effectively utilize the efforts of a limited

staff.

2
Section VIII describes the procedure used to produce regular calibration reports and MAP intercomparison reports. The total uncertainty of a report is the sum of the system uncer- tainty plus the imprecision of the measurements made on the transfer instrument.

II. UNITED STATES (U.S.) NATIONAL STANDARDS

A. Electrical Traceability

Calorimeters are the key elements of our calibrating systems. They have had a stable

history, they allow reasonable error analysis, and their special design allows easy documentation of traceability to electrical standards. References 1, 2, and 3 report on earlier

work, using calorimeters for the measurement of laser power and energy. The calorimeters

provide the link for relating laser power or energy to electrical and time standards.

Traceability to electrical standards is established by means of electrical calibration runs. The calorimeters and electrical calibrating power supplies are constructed so that two digital voltmeters, a standard resistor and a time-interval counter are required to make an electrical calibrating run. A special plug-in arrangement allows removal and individual

calibration of every standard resistor, digital voltmeter, and time-interval counter that is

used in the electrical calibration of the C, K and Q systems.

B. Standard Resistors

Documented traceability is easy to obtain for standard resistors. For instance, a cer- tified NBS calibration is available by sending the resistors to NBS, Washington, D.C. However,

standard resistors could be sent or obtained from any laboratory that has documented traceability to national standards. Some advantages of standard resistors are:

1. Stable to a few parts-per-million, depending on the ambient temperature,

2. Wide range of values available (0.001 to 10,000 Q) in decade steps,

3. Do not require a constant-temperature oil bath when operated under ordinary room conditions, if 10 to 20 parts-per-million variation is tolerable,

4. Long life (many years),

5. Re-calibration is not difficult because resistors are small, rugged and easily shipped,

6. Re-calibration is only necessary every few years, depending on stability required, and

7. Very useful because of four-terminal design.

At present, NBS uses approximately 20 standard resistors in the C, K and Q traceability

programs.

3
C. standard Cell - Potentiometer Calibration Setup

Traceability of digital voltmeters to national electrical standards is provided by using

a standard cell/potentiometer combination. Certified NBS calibrations, to provide documented

traceability, are available for both standard cells and potentiometers by sending the items

to NBS, Washington, D.C. Such items could be sent to any laboratory that has traceability to national standards. Some advantages of standard cells are:

1. They give an accurate voltage reference value to within ± 0.005 percent,

2. They give a voltage of convenient magnitude 1.019 V),

3. Because of low temperature coefficient, they do not require a constant-temperature bath

to maintain the output voltage to within 0.005 percent at normal laboratory temperatures,

4. The output voltage normally decreases only 20 to 40 yV per year,

5. Under normal temperature conditions (23° C) , their practical life is 12 to 18 years, (if

they are not abused),

6. They only require re-calibration every one to two years depending on required stability,

and

7. Their re-calibration is easier because a cell is small and is easily shipped.

At present, NBS uses three standard cells in the C, K and Q traceability programs.

Some features of a good standard potentiometer, such as the one used by NBS are:

1. The instrument has a high degree of accuracy (0.001 percent),

2. The instrument is very stable because it is passive and is based on only the ratio of

resistances,

3. The instrument has its own temperature-controlled environment to improve accuracy, and

4. Re-calibration is necessary only every few years, depending on the stability required.

At present, the Optical Electronic Metrology Group uses a highly accurate, calibrated potentiometer with a recently calibrated standard cell to perform a check on the accuracy of a high-quality digital voltmeter, designated as the Standard Digital Voltmeter (DVM) for our

Group.

4
D. Digital Voltmeter Test System

The DVM test system checks the accuracy over a dynamic range (-10 V to +10 V) of the

digital voltmeters used in the data acquisition systems, against the Standard DVM that was discussed above. See reference 10 for details. The triangular wave output voltage from a function generator is sampled, simultaneously by the Standard DVM and one or two digital

voltmeters being tested. The digital voltage to the Standard DVM is converted to ASCII

code and punched out on Paper Tape No. 1 with the test system's own tape punch. At the same time, the above voltage is samplad by the digital test meters, converted to ASCII

code, and punched out on Paper Tape No. 2, with the data acquisiton tape punch. The voltage

level from the generator is set to vary from 0 to + 10 V, with a change rate of 0.002 Hz. The changing voltage goes through a complete cycle during a data acquisition period of

eight or nine minutes. Paper Tapes No. 1 and 2 are then run on a computer program to calculate an overall systematic error for each test DVM. If the error is greater than the

established specifications, the test meter is re-calibrated according to the manufacturer's

instructions. NBS uses approximately ten digital voltmeters in the data acquisition systems.

E. Time- Interval Counters

The electrical calibration of calorimeters involves applying an accurately known amount

of electrical power for a precise period of time to produce an amount of energy that can be

accurately determined. Time-interval counters provide an accurate means of measuring the

time periods since these counters are readily available with crystal oscillator stabilities

of better than one part-per-mil 1 ion. Some methods using either standard frequencies or time

signals from Radio Station WWV, are used to furnish a check of the accuracy of the timeinterval counter and provide traceability to the National Standards of time. At present, NBS uses four time-interval counters for time period measurements.

III. QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR C, K AND Q LASER CALIBRATION SYSTEMS

A. First-Time Operation of a System

The procedure for the first-time use of a laser calibrating system involves an evaluation of electrical calibration coefficients for each calorimeter and amplifier scale being

used. It is assumed at this point that the digital voltmeters, standard resistors and timeinterval counters have all been calibrated with traceability to the national standards.

Section II discusses in detail the traceability procedures used by the Optical Electronic

Metrology Group at NBS, Boulder.

A first-time format for the electrical calibration of two C-Series calorimeters. Cl and

C2, can be seen in Table I. One can determine the calibration coefficient for each scale by

taking a simple average or by doing a least-squares routine, assuming that the best straightline fit through a plot of the corrected rise values versus energy values goes through the

origin. (See Appendix A for a discussion of computer program, /SL/.) The least-squares

method has the advantage that the greater scatter of the lower-level readings does not unduly

influence the calibration coefficient.

5
1

2

*

*

6

7*

*

*

-k

1213

*

k

kk

18

19

k

k

k

k

24

25

*

**

30

31*

*

36

TABLE I.

Calorimeter Amplifier Scale

Cl 1E5

Cl 1E5

Cl 1E5

Cl 1E4

Cl

Cl

1E4

1E3

*

ClC2

*

1E3

1E5

*

*

C2

C2

*

1E5

1E4

*

C2

C2

1E4

1E3

C2 1E3

6
In addition to providing the calibration coefficient, the program, /SL/, also provides

the uncertainty of the calibration coefficient using t-stati sties at the 99 percent confidence

interval for a given data set. For instance, the C-Series calorimeters use chopped-stabilized

amplifiers with gains (scales) of 1,000, 10,000 and 100,000 to cover the energy range of the

calorimeters. For each calorimeter, a question arises whether to have individual calibration

coefficients for each scale or to combine two or more scale values for a combined calibration

coefficient. The goal is to make the confidence interval as small as practical, either by

making more measurements or by combining or separating data according to scale. A question arises as to how often’ the electrical calibration runs should be made and

how often the calibration coefficient should be updated. Generally, beamsplitter ratio

measurements are used as the control parameter to verify that the calibration system is

operating correctly. When beamsplitter ratios do not fall within the normal range of

scatter, a problem exists. One test that is usually made, is to make an electrical calibration run on each calorimeter and compare the electrical calibration coefficient values with

previous data. If a trend or shift is suspected, several additional electrical runs should

be made. Using the electrical coefficients in computer program, RUNSUM, (see Appendix E)

is helpful in deciding whether a trend really exists. Plotting the coefficients with

computer program /PL/, (see Appendix F) is also very helpful in determing whether a trend

exists and when the trend or shift occurred. Some judgment must be exercised in determining

what old data should be discarded, if a shift has taken place. The electrical calibration

coefficient would be updated if it is decided that a shift has taken place. A calibration system should be checked out at least one a year at some operating wavelength using Plan 1 and 2 which includes a set of electrical calibration runs. The electrical calibrations, beamsplitter values and D factors would be updated as a result of these

measurements

.

Each calorimeter uses an electrical heater made of manganin-wire for the electrical

calibrations. The heater resistance can be considered to have the properties of a standard

resistor because:

1. The electrical resistance of the manganin-wire is very stable at room temperatures due

to its very low- temperature coefficient,

2. The calorimeter is temperature-controlled and the heater resistance operates in an environment of nearly a constant temperature, and

3. The heater was constructed as a four- terminal network to permit very accurate readings

of voltage and current and the calculation of the effective heater resistance.

A plot of resistance versus time, (see /44CC/ in Appendix J, for example) for each calorimeter heater is a check of heater leakage to ground and of the DVM's used to measure the

voltage and current. The percent difference of the worst case from the average value is used in the summary of errors pertaining to traceability. See Section IV for further details.

7
B. First-Time Operation of a System at a New Wavelength

The initial use of a new wavelength involves checking several parameters for wavelength

dependence. This is accomplished by using either Quality Assurance Plan 1 or Plan 2 as described in Part D.

1. Calorimeter Absorption: Values of absorption have been determined by earlier measurements on the C, K and Q type calorimeter. Some of the results of these measurements

are discussed in references 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. For instance, the values of absorption

for the C-Series calorimeters are independent of wavelength from 0.4 to 1.064 pm.

2. Beamsplitter Ratios: All the beamsplitter ratios used in the C, K and Q systems are wavelength-dependent. Beamsplitters are discussed in some detail in References 3, 4,

7, 8, and 9. Both of the following plans, 1 and 2, are designed to determine the

correct beamsplitter ratio to use for each wavelength being provided.

3. Calorimeter Windows: All windows used in the C-Series system are wavelength-dependent.

A choice is available between Plan 1 or 2, depending on whether window transmission

measurements are to be made with the calibrating system or were made before, by independent means. Proceed to Part D.

C. Re-Evaluation of a System at an Old Wavelen gth

Either Plan 1 or 2 can be used for a periodic or special re-evaluation of a system at a previously used wavelength depending on whether the window transmission measurements were

made independently or not.

D. Quality Assurance Plans 1 and 2 EL runs are defined as electrical calibration runs, where electrical energy is furnished

to the calorimeter for determining the electrical calibration coefficient.

BS runs are defined as beamsplitter runs, where laser energy is furnished to both calorimeters via the beamsplitter to measure the beamsplitter ratio. Plans 1 and 2 assume that the

electrical calibration measurements, as described in Section III. A. were completed sometime

in the past and that the electrical calibration runs shown in Plan 1 and 2 are only to con- firm the status quo. If the electrical measurements were recently completed, then the EL runs in Plan 1 and 2 could be deleted. Figure 1 in Appendix B shows the experimental

arrangement for the beamsplitter and the low and high level calorimeter positions. The

number of beamsplitter runs with Cl in the low level position and C2 in the high level

position equals the number of beamsplitter runs with C2 in the low level position and Cl in

the high level position.
Plan 1Plan 1, the preferred plan, is either for those calorimeters that do not use windows at

all, or those calorimeters that use windows, but where the window transmission values were measured independently. For instance, the window transmission measurements for six NBS,

C-Series windows, were made by the the Optical Physics Division, NBS/Washington, D.C., from

400 to 1100 nm in 20 nm steps. Linear interpolation of these data provides the values of

transmission for the laser wavelengths of interest. Plan 1 for a two-calorimeter/beamsplitter

system is illustrated in Table II.

Plan 2Plan 2 is for those calorimeters that use windows and where the window transmission

values are to be measured at this time with the calibrating system. The plan is for a two- calorimeter/beamsplitter system. Each calorimeter has tv^o windows assigned to it. The on- window is presently mounted in the calorimeter and the off-window is presently not mounted in

the calorimeter and is the window being measured in the high-level beam. Calorimeter Cl has

on-window lA, and off-window IB. Calorimeter C2 has on-window 2A, and off-window 2B. Plan 2 is shown in Table III.

Resul

t

The main purpose of Plan 1 and 2 is to evaluate the correct beamsplitter ratio to use when producing an accurately known laser beam for calibration work. An average can be taken

of all the beamsplitter ratios when calorimeter Cl is low, and calorimeter C2 is high.

Another average can be taken of all the beamsplitter ratios when C2 is low and Cl is high. A derivation in Appendix B shows that the geometric mean of the two averages gives the correct

beamsplitter ratio to use in future calculations.

Another purpose of Plan 1 or 2 is that if we have determined the correct values for

electrical calibration, absorption, window transmission, etc., for both calorimeters , then

the derivation in Appendix B will also give the best estimate of the disagreement between

the two calorimeters. Since there is no reason to believe that one calorimeter is more

accurate than another, the calorimeters are treated on an equal basis. A correction factor

or D-factor for each calorimeter is determined by dividing the percent disagreement in half

and adding this correction to the low-reading calorimeter and subtracting this correction

from the high-reading calorimeter. When the beamsplitter data of Plan 1 or 2 is used with

computer program, /ST2/, the program will calculate the absolute beamsplitter ratio and

D-factor for each calorimeter as well as the 99 percent confidence intervals for the beamsplitter ratio and D-factors. See Appendix C for computer program /ST2C/.

E. Day-to-Day Check

The NBS C, K and Q calibrating systems are mainly used to calibrate transfer standards

that are used in the NBS MAP Programs. Measurements are done periodically on the transfer

instruments to accumulate a calibration history. Measurements are taken on transfer instruments before they are shipped to MAP customers and after the instruments are returned to

9
TABLE II

Plan 1

in No. Type of

Run Low LevelCalorimeter Scale

High Level

Calorimeter Scale

1 EL Cl low -- --

2 EL Cl medium -- —

3 BS Cl

II C2 high

4 BS Cl

M C2 II

5 BS Cl

II C2 II

6 EL — -- C2 II

7 EL C2 low — --

8 EL C2 medium -- --

9 BS C2 II Cl high

10 BS C2 II Cl

II

11 BS C2

II Cl

II

12 EL — -- Cl

11

13 EL Cl low — —

14 EL Cl medium -- --

15 BS Cl

II C2 high

16 BS Cl

II C2 II

17 BS Cl

II C2 II

18 EL — — C2 II

19 EL C2 low — —

20 EL C2 medium -- --

21 BS C2 II Cl high

22 BS C2 II Cl

II

23 BS C2 II Cl

II

24 EL — -- Cl

II

10
1

2

34

5

6

78

910

111213

14

15

16

1718

19

20

2122

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

3132

TABLE III

Plan 2

Type of Low Level High Level Off-Window

Run Calorimeter Scale Calorimeter Scale In Beam

EL Cl low -- -- --

EL Cl medium -- -- --

BS Cl - II C2 high none

BS Cl

II C2 II IB

BS Cl

II C2 II none

BS Cl

II C2

II IB BS Cl

II C2

II none

BS Cl

II C2 II IB

EL — — C2

II --

EL C2 low — — —

EL C2 medium -- -- --

BS C2 II Cl high none

BS C2 II Cl

II 2B

BS C2 It Cl

II none

BS C2 II Cl

II 2B

BS C2 II Cl

II none

BS C2

II Cl

II 2B

EL — -- Cl

II —

EL Cl low — -- --

EL Cl medium -- -- —

BS Cl

II C2 high none

BS Cl

II C2

II IB

BS Cl

II C2

II none

BS Cl

II C2

II IB

BS Cl

II C2

II none

BS Cl

II C2

II IB

EL — -- C2

II —

EL C2 low — -- —

EL C2 med i urn — -- —

BS C2

II Cl high none

BS C2 medium Cl high 2B

BS C2

II Cl

II none

BS C2

II Cl

II 2B

BS C2

II Cl

II none

BS C2

II Cl

II 2B

EL — -- Cl

II —

11
ensure a stable instrument during the MAP intercomparison. A plot of calibration values versus chronological order for each transfer instrument provides a quick check of instrument

stability and the calibration system validity. For instance, if the calibration values for

several instruments all changed in the same direction at the same time, one should suspect

trouble.

Day-to-day checks are easier to accomplish if all calibration runs are stored in chronological order in the computer file assigned to that instrument. Data is coded for different

scales and wavelength for a particular instrument so the values can be separated for analysis.

Several computer programs such as /S6/, /RU/, /PL/, /ASTM/ and /D2/, as shown in the Appendices D through H, are available for separating, plotting and statistically analyzing the

calibration factors for trends, shifts and excessive scatter.

F. Monthly or Special Check

Each month a beamsplitter run at each wavelength being maintained provides further proof

that the system is performing properly. The ratio of an uncoated beamsplitter can provide a very stable parameter for control purposes. If anything happens to the beamsplitter, or electronics for either calorimeter, it is very likely to cause a change in the beamsplitter

ratio. A beamsplitter run can be made anytime a special check of the system is desired.

The results of the beamsplitter runs are appended in chronological order to the end of the

computer file assigned to that beamsplitter. Computer Program, /S7B/, as shown in Appendix I, can be used to copy the old beamsplitter values to a single-column file so that the programs

discussed above could be used to detect trends, shifts and excessive scatter. See Part A.,

First-Time Operation of a System, for a discussion of trends and shifts in beamsplitter and

electrical calibration values.

G. Annual Check

At this point, we assume that a sufficient number of calorimeter interchanges have

previously been done, as described in Section III.C., to establish the system capability at each wavelength that calibration service is being offered. Once established, a yearly interchange according to Part C would be made at each of the wavelengths to verify the D-factor

and beamsplitter ratio and re-evaluate the calibrated beam uncertainty. Electrical calibration runs would be made at the same time to verify the electrical calibration coefficient for

each calorimeter.

H. NBS/AGMC MAP

A high precision MAP between NBS and AGMC would include a plan where the National Bureau

of Standards would send several transfer standards to Aerospace Guidance and Metrology Center

(AGMC) on a semi-annual basis for a MAP intercomparison. Some advantages of such a program

would be:

I. To provide an independent check of the three AGMC systems.

12
2 . To provide AGMC with written documentation of the status of their measurement systems.

3. To detect and provide help in solving any measurement problems that may occur or exist,

and

4. A time-saver for AGMC, by eliminating the need for so many yearly checks as discussed in Section G.

One possible yearly plan could be that the following number of intercomparisons would be

accomplished at AGMC utilizing NBS transfer standards:

2-C-Series 1 pW, 0.6328 pm

2-C-Series 1 mW, 0.6328 pm

2-C-Series 50 mW, 0.6471 pm

2-C-Series 500 mW, 1.064 pm

2-Q-Series 1 to 5 J, 1 .064 pm

2-K-Series 50 W, 10.6 pm

Some other wavelengths that are maintained on the C-Series, and would be available to AGMC in

a MAP Program, are 0.4880, 0.5145, and 0.5309 pm, in the 50 to 500 mW power level range.

IV. BLUE BOOK

A Blue Book is a designated loose-leaf notebook which contains a detailed account of all

the parameters needed by the computer to calculate the power and energy in the calibrated

beam output of a system. These parameters include values of electrical calibration, absorption, window transmission and D-factors for each calorimeter. In addition, the Blue Book

contains a detailed system analysis of errors in measuring the values of electrical calibration, absorption, window transmission, SI traceability, inequivalence, D-factor and beamsplitter ratio. A summary of the errors at the 99 percent confidence interval level can be

stored and used by the computer to produce a statement of system uncertainty for each calibration run. A Blue Book exists for each calibration system and consists of a set of tables (forms)

for each laser wavelength being provided by the system. A complete set of forms is filled

out each time Plan 1 or 2 in Section III-D, is completed, either for setting up a new wavelength or re-evaluating an old wavelength. For examples of these tables, see Figures 1 through 9-

13
TABLE A. ELECTRICAL CALIBRATIONS

Date

Wavelength

A summary of electrical calibration data from program /SLOPE/ for each series

calorimeter and scale setting.

Electrical 99% Confidence For Period

Calorimeter Scale Measurements K Interval in % From To

Worst % Case on 1E3 Scale

Worst % Case on 1E4 Scale

Worst % Case on 1E5 Scale

FIGURE 1.

14
TABLE B. ABSORPTION

Date

Wavelength

A summary of errors associated with calorimeter absorption from previous

absorption measurements on calorimeters , , and .

Calorimeter Absorption % Error

FIGURE 2.

15
TABLE C. INEQUIVALENCE

Date

Wavelength

Summary of the inaccuracy of the inequivalence between laser and electrical

energy measurements, from previous measurements.

See

Calorimeter 1o Inaccuracy

FIGURE 3.

16
TABLE D. WINDOW TRANSMISSION

Date

Wavelength

The window transmission values at the 99% confidence interval level for the above

wavelength, include the correction for the second transmitted beam.

Data Source

Data Source Date

Window 99% Conf.

Presently Meas. Main Secondary Total Interval

Calorimeter On Date Transmission Transmission Transmission in %

Use Worst Case Value

FIGURE 4.

17
TABLE E. TRACEABILITY

Date

Wavelength

Summary of errors pertaining to the traceability of our electrical measurements

to the United States (U.S.) National Standards. See Section II for further

discussion.

Source of Error Source of Information % Inaccuracy

Time Interval Measurement

Standard Resistor Calibration Report

Standard Cell Calibration Report

Potentiometer Calibration Report

Standard DVM

DVM #1

DVM #2

Calorimeter Resistance

(Worst Case)

Total

FIGURE 5.

18
TABLE F. D-FACTOR

Date

Wavelength

Summary of the absolute laser energy standard corrections (D-factors) for each

series calorimeter. See Section III for further discussion.

99% Conf.

Calorimeter Source D-Factor Interval

Largest D-Factor greater than 1

D-Factor with largest (1-D) difference

Greatest Range

Greatest Range in %

D-Factor with largest % inaccuracy

FIGURE 6.

19
TABLE G. SCALE ERRORS

Date

Wavelength

Additional errors due to using different scales on the calorimeter amplifiers

from Table A.

Largest Inaccuracy on 1E4 Scale

Largest Inaccuracy on 1E5 Scale

FIGURE 7.

20
TABLE H. BEAMSPLITTER RATIO

Date

Wavelength ;

Use to obtain the absolute beamsplitter ratio and

the associated 99% confidence interval in percent.

Absolute

Beam Ratio

99% Confidence

Interval

Estimated

Polarization

Error

Total

% Error

FIGURE 8.

21
TABLE I. SUMMARY OF ERRORS

Date

Wavelength

Summary of Errors Percent at the 99% Confidence Interval

1E3 1E4 1E5

Table A Electricals

Worst Case for Scale

Table B Absorption

Table C Inequivalence

Table D Window Transmission

Table E Electrical Traceability

Table F D-Factors

Greatest Range in Percent

Greatest Percent Inaccuracy

Table G Amplifier Scale Error

Table H Beamsplitter Error

TOTAL PERCENT ERROR

FIGURE 9.

22
V. COMPUTER DOCUMENTATION FOR THE C, K AND Q CALIBRATING SYSTEMS

A computer is required to calculate the corrected rise value which is directly proportional to the joule energy input to a calorimeter. Since the use of a computer is required

for part of the calculation anyway, there is a strong incentive to expand the use of the

computer for all the calculations.

A computer with an interactive terminal and permanent file storage can be very effective

for storing calibration data and for providing immediate access by the computer for evaluating some of the Blue Book parameters. Separate permanent computer files should be created

for the following categories.

A. Electrical Calibration Files

Electrical calibration runs for each calorimeter and, in some cases, for each

scale. See Appendix J for samples of electrical calibration files.

B. Beamsplitter Files

Beamsplitter runs for each beamsplitter for each wavelength are maintained. See

Appendix K for samples of beamsplitter calibration files. Table L.l, as shown in Appendix L, can be used to supply code numbers which describe the different calorimeter/

beamsplitter configurations.

When an electrical or beamsplitter run is made, the calibration value and other

pertinent information is appended to the end of the appropriate file. Code numbers are often used in individual files to identify and allow the separation of unique sets of

data for plotting and statistical purposes. When a status report of a calorimeter or a beamsplitter at one of the laser wavelengths is desired, the computer can be used to query the file and print out information pertaining to data trends, shifts and scatter.

For convenience, the deviation for each calibration value, in percent, from the average

calibration value is usually plotted versus run number on an interactive terminal. Such

a plot can then be used as a guide to determine whether the instrument is, or is not, in statistical control.

C. Blue Book Matrix Files

After assigning the Blue Book parameters, the values are stored in permanent matrix

files which are then accessed by the computer for future calculations of power and

energy in the calibrated beam. Blue Book values are kept in separate matrix files to allow for easier file updating. The size of the matrix varies with the calibrating

system. A 4 x 6 matrix may be adequate for a two-calorimeter/beamsplitter system at one wavelength. On the other hand, a C-Series three-calorimeter/beamsplitter system at six

different wavelengths may use a 4 x 20 matrix. Such a matrix is shown in Appendix M.

In addition, a description of how the Blue Book parameters are represented by the matrix

is shown in a run of computer program, /DOC/. A zero in the matrix means that this

location is not being presently used.

23
As can be seen, the matrix contains values of electrical calibration, absorption,

beamsplitter ratios, window transmission, delivered beam uncertainty and beamsplitter

code numbers. There is less chance of error in the calculations if the parameter values

are supplied by such a computer file rather than being supplied directly by an operator.

VI. USING THE C, K AND Q LASER CALIBRATING SYSTEMS

The first five sections of this report were involved in getting the calibration systems

in order, so they could be used for calibrating Laser Power and Energy Transfer Standards.

Some subjects to consider when using the above calibrating systems are:

A. Transfer Standards

Some desirable characteristics of a good transfer standard are:

1

.

Short-term stability should be good. The calibration constant should at least

remain stable to a few tenths of a percent for a six to twelve month period.

2. The instrument should have a small temperature coefficient, relative to responsivity, at normal room temperatures.

3. The output responsivity should be as uniform as possible over the surface of the

detector.

4. The detector response should be relatively insensitive to wavelength.

5. The detector response should be linear. At the very least, the response should be

linear on each scale.

6. The effects of detector saturation are very small at the power density level of

operation.

7. The detector response time is fast relative to the experiment time.

8. The instrument's response is relatively insensitive to environmental effects such

as humidity, pressure, line voltage, temperature, etc.

9. A self-contained digital readout is desirable for ease in reading and for saving

time in establishing calibration traceability.

10. The head and readout unit should be a convenient size for shipping.

11. The head and readout unit should be of rugged construction to prevent damage in

shipping.

24
12. When possible, use commercially-made transfer standards which can be purchased and

used by the general public.

B. Conventional Calibration

The following chronology of a regular NBS calibration is an example of how a stan- dards laboratory such as AGMC may conduct a conventional calibration.

1. As pre-arranged, the customer sends their laboratory transfer standard to NBS. The

instrument may include a head unit with attached readout meter, or with only the

head unit, in which case NBS furnishes the readout meter.

2. Before making any calibration runs, the status of the calibrating system at the

appropriate wavelength must be ascertained. If recent measurements on other transfer standards at this wavelength indicate statistical control, we would assume a ready system status. For an alternative check, a beamsplitter run could be used to confirm a ready status. For a new wavelength, see Section III.B.

3. Assuming a ready status, a set of at least five calibrated beam runs is made where

a known power or energy beam is supplied to the transfer standard. The calibration

factor is equal to the net meter reading of the test instrument divided by the

calibrated beam power or energy.

4. Statistics at the 99 percent confidence interval level for the average of the

calibration runs is then obtained and compared with the transfer standard meter

specifications or with previous data. If needed, additional runs may be made to improve the precision of the measurements.

5. The transfer standard is sent back to the customer.

6. A signed calibration report is sent to the customer based on the NBS system beam

uncertainty plus the 99 percent confidence interval level of the measurements taken

in Step 3.

7. The customer uses the transfer standard as he sees fit. Since conventional calibrations do not involve any customer measurements, there is little opportunity for

an intercomparison of measurements to detect trends, shifts, excessive scatter or other problems relating to the customer's measurements.

25
C. Measurement Assurance Program (MAP)

The following chronology of a typical NBS MAP Program is an example of how a stan- dards laboratory such as AGMC may participate in a MAP Program with other standards

laboratories.

1. Select state-of-the-art transfer instruments to be used as NBS transfer standards

for the desired laser wavelengths and power or energy levels.

2. Using the appropriate NBS calibrating system, make at least ten runs at each wavelength and scale of interest, preferrably over a period of time (at least one month) to determine the average calibration coefficient.

3. Just before sending a NBS transfer standard to a MAP customer, make a calibration

run, append the results to file, and use ASTM Control Chart Program /ASTM/ (see

Appendix g) to verify that the transfer instrument is under statistical control.

4. Send transfer instrument to customer.

5. Customer then calibrates transfer instrument, using his own laboratory standards

and techniques. NBS will respond to a customer's request for information pertaining to measurement format, precautions, etc.

6. Customer sends instrument back to NBS.

7. NBS makes another calibrating run on standard and appends these results to file.

8. NBS re-runs ASTM Control Chart Program to verify statistical control.

9. Customer sends company calibration data of individual runs to NBS.

10. NBS analyzes both customer and NBS data and, using program /D2/, produces a report

of intercomparison with appropriate statistics and error statements.

11. NBS sends signed intercomparison report to customer.

12. If any problems exist and if the customer desires, NBS will provide consultation on measurement problems.

26
VII. COMPUTER DOCUMENTATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE OF LASER POWER AND ENERGY TRANSFER STANDARDS

A computer v/ith permanent file storage and an interactive terminal can provide a very

useful tool for data management with computer assistance. When a calibrated beam run is made

on a particular transfer standard, the calibration value and other pertinent information is

appended to the end of the permanent computer file created for this particular instrument.

Some guidelines that have been used by NBS pertaining to laser transfer standards are;

A. Format

Arrange computer files so that the calibration data for each instrument, for each

mode (power or energy), for each v;avelength and for each meter scale can be identified,

separated and treated statistically as an independent entity. This can be accomplished

by having separate files for each instrument and when appropriate, separate files for

power and energy measurement data for each instrument. Code numbers are used in the

individual files to identify and separate sets of data according to v;avelength and meter

scale. A typical file is shown in Appendix D. Computer programs as described in Appendices D, E, F, G, H can be used to detect trends, shifts or excessive scatter for a specified set of data. Computer printouts in a neat, fixed and familiar format saves time in data analysis.

B. Discrete Power and Energy Levels

The power and energy levels used for calibration must be assessed by each individual

laboratory, such as AGMC, according to their needs and capabilities.

For example, the calibration runs for the NBS calibration and MAP Programs are usually made at discrete power and energy levels. The safety laws defining the four

laser classifications, provide logical, discrete levels of nominal pov/er at 1 ^W, 1 mW

and 500 mW. The high interest in Q-Switched energy measurements at 1.064 ym generates a need

for calibration runs at the 0.1, 1 and 10 J level. Single-pulse measurements are usually

made with the 0.1 J scale while multiple pulse runs require the higher scales. A NBS MAP Program with AGMC could be tailored to match the needs of AGMC with the

capability of NBS.

C. Separate Calibration Coefficients for Each Scale and Wavelength

To more effectively utilize a limited staff, NBS only makes measurements at discrete power and energy levels as needed. No attempt is made to combine scales or wavelengths or to study linearity effects on a particular scale or between scales. Generally,

we prefer to use a separate calibration value for each scale and wavelength.

D. Direct Calibrations

When possible, we calibrate the transfer standards directly with C, K and Q systems.

This eliminates at least one step of calibration and generally improves the precision

of our measurements.

27
E. Using Mean or Average Calibration Coefficients

The simplest determination of the calibration coefficient for each scale is to take

the mean or average of the individual calibration run values. A more complicated method

is to use a least-squares fit of a straight line through a plot of meter readings versus energy or power levels, where the slope of the line equals the calibration coefficient.

The least-squares method has the advantage that the greater scatter of the lower level

readings will not unduly influence the calibration coefficient. However, this method

has little advantage in calibrating our transfer standards where measurements on a particular scale are usually made at only one nominal power or energy level.

F. Two-Sided 99 Percent Confidence Interval

The NBS statistical analysis is based on the two-sided 99 percent confidence intervals of the average or least-squares calibration coefficient. The less conservative

95 percent interval would also be acceptable. Probably the most important thing

is to state plainly what type of statistical analysis is being used. The equation for

the 99 percent confidence interval, e, in percent for the calibration coefficient, K, is

e(%) ^ 100 X t X s

K X /n

where

n is the number of measurements,

K is the average calibration coefficient,

s is the standard deviation of n measurements, and

t is the t- value from the table for Percentiles of the t Distribution (see

EXPERIMENTAL STATISTICS , NBS Handbook 91) for t.975 for n-1 degrees of

freedom.

It is desirable to make e as small as reasonable, either by making more measurements, n, or by combining data in such a way as to make s//iT smaller. Of course, better

instruments with better measuring techniques may give a smaller s in the first place.

The above equation appears in computer program, /D2/, which is described in Appendix H. The above program will take any set of numbers (up to 150 values), calculate the mean, standard deviation and the 90, 95 and 99 percent confidence interval for the mean in percent.

G. Status Categories

The status of a transfer standard at any given wavelength and scale will fall into one of several categories.

1. Insufficient data status. Insufficient number of calibration runs at this wavelength and scale. Desirable to have at least ten runs for each data set.

28
2. Inactive status. Sufficient number of calibration runs, but last run was taken over one year ago. This category may include old instruments, or wavelengths, no longer being maintained for the NBS calibration program.

3. Active status. This category includes the instruments at discrete wavelengths

presently being used and maintained for our active calibration program. Generally,

the last calibration run was made in the last three months. Measurements may be

made periodically to maintain an active status.

4. Ready status. An instrument that, in the last few days, received a calibrating

run, whose calibration value falls within the control chart limits of that instrument is considered to be in a ready status for that wavelength and scale. The

instrument is ready to participate in a MAP program.

5. Repair status. An instrument needs repairs and is currently not available for

calibration service.

Considering the different wavelengths and meter scales, it is highly probable that each

instrument will fall into several status categories at the same time.

VIII. CALIBRATION AND MAP REPORTS

Calibration reports are provided to the customer for regular calibrations and formal MAP

intercomparisons.

A. Regular Calibration Reports

For a regular NBS calibration, the customer sends his own transfer standard to NBS

for measurement. NBS makes a number of calibration runs, N, and determines the mean value of the calibration coefficient. In addition, the uncertainty. A, of the mean, for

N measurements is calculated at the 99 percent confidence interval using t-statistics.

The uncertainty, B, of the NBS calibration system at the 99 percent confidence interval was determined, previously, as discussed in Sections II and III. The total uncertainty,

C, for this calibration is the sum of A and B. A typical calibration report will contain the nominal energy or power, the number of measurements, N, the average (mean)

calibration coefficient, the uncertainty. A, of N measurements, the NBS system uncertainty, B, and the total uncertainty, C, at the 99 percent confidence level. For con- venience, the uncertainties. A, B and C are given in percent.

B. MAP (Measurement Assurance Program) Reports

For a NBS MAP intercomparison, NBS sends a well -evaluated NBS transfer standard to the customer (MAP participant) where he makes a number of measurements, N, using his

calibration system to determine the mean calibration coefficient. The customer then

29
returns the transfer standard to NBS with his evaluation of the calibration coefficient.

NBS makes another calibration run on the transfer standard, appends these results to the

previous data, and then calculates the latest mean value of the calibration coefficient,

using the total number of measurements. In addition, the uncertainty, D, of the mean is determined at the 99 percent confidence interval using t-statistics. The uncertainty,

B, of the NBS calibration system at the 99 percent confidence interval was determined,

previously, for each laser wavelength and scale as discussed in Sections II and III. The total uncertainty, C, for this intercomparison is the sum of D and B. A typical

MAP report will contain the designation of the NBS transfer standard, wavelength of

intercomparison, nominal power or energy level, number of customer measurments, N,

customer's reported value of calibration coefficient, NBS reported values of calibration

coefficient, NBS total uncertainty, C, and percent difference between customer and NBS.

30
IX. REFERENCES

1. Jennings, C. A., West, E. D., Evenson, K. M., Rasmussen, A. L., and Simmons, W. R.,

NBS Tech. Note 382 (1969).

2. West, E. D. and Churney, K. L., Theory of isoperibol calorimetry for laser and power

energy measurements, J. Appl. Phys., 2705-2712 (May 1970).

3. West, E. D. , Case, W. E., Rasmussen, A. L., and Schmidt, L. B., A reference calorimeter for laser energy measurements, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), 76A (Phys. and

Chem.), No. 1, 13 (Jan. -Feb. 1972).'

4. West, E. D. and Case, W. E., Current status of NBS low-power laser energy measurement,

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM-23 , 722 (December 1974).

5. West, E. D. and Schmidt, L. B., Spectral -absorptance measurements for laser calorimetry, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 573-578 (May 1975).

6. Franzen, D. L. and Schmidt, L. B., Absolute reference calorimeter for measuring high

power laser pulses. Applied Optics 15, 3225 (December 1976).

7. West, E. D. and Schmidt, L. B., A system for calibrating laser power meters for the

range 5-1000 W, NBS Tech. Note

^

(May 1977).

8. Franzen, D. L., Precision beam splitters for CO

2 laser. Applied Optics, 14, 647-652

(March 1975).

9. Danielson, B. L., Measurement procedures for the optical beam splitter attenuation

device BA-1, NBSIR 77-858 (May 1977).

10. Miles, R. W. and Case, W. E., Verifying the accuracy of data acquisition system

voltmeters, to be published as a NBSIR.

31
X. APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

Computer Program /SL/ for Electrical Calibration Factor

Computer program /SL/ uses electrical calibration data to find the best straight-line

fit through zero and a plot of corrected rise values versus corresponding energy values using

a linear least-squares calculation. The program calculates the electrical calibration factor

(reciprocal of slope of line), standard deviation of residuals and 99 percent confidence

interval for the slope according to Experimental Statistics , by M.G. Natrella, NBS Handbook 91,

Paragraph 5-4, 2.1. To do a least-squares fit, the program requires two columns of input

data, where the first column is corrected rise values in microvolts and the second column is

the corresponding values for energy in joules. A print-out is shown for input data File

/444/, a computer run of /SL/, using File /444/ and a listing of Program /SL/.

3
COPY /444/ T-0 TEL

198.743

900.345

884.802

1001 .61

623.318

308.361

383.745

418.135

832.416

68.7373

450.298

130.44

436.327

190.161

575.605

147.137

402 .746

541 .485

534.266

659.583

568.536

569 .731

616.301

869.624

617.519

870.003

617.9332

0.967611

4.38715

4.30903

4.87603

3 .03365

1 .50149

1 .86801

2 .03697

4.05753

0.335819

2. 19321

0.637567

2.12373

0.925799

2.80253

0.720035

1 .96238

2.63676

2.60097

3.21219

2 . 76487

2.77135

3.00386

4.23512

3.00434

4.23512

3.004265

33
-BA BA.SIC-5.15 75- 1 1- 13

>LOAD /SL/

>RUN

IBIS IS 9 40 SLOPE PROGRAM. USES AN INPUT

ELECTRICAL DATA FILE TO FIND SLOPE, B, C Y:BX, THRU ORIGIN, STD. DEV . OF RESIDUA

CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ON SLOPE ACCORDING

NATRELLA 5- 4.2. 1 TYPE IN 2 COLUMN ELECTRICAL FILE IN / /?

NO. OF RUNS IN INPUT FILE : 27

MICROVOLTS JOULES THIS K (JOUL

198.743 .9676 1

1

4.868654

900.345 4.38715 4.872743

884.802 4.30903 4.87005

1001.61 4.87605 4.868192

623.318 3.03365 4.866938

308.561 1 .50149 4.86926

383.745 1 .86801 4.867842

418.135 2.03697 4.871561

832.416 4.05753 4.874402

68.7373 .535819 4.885542

450.298 2.19521 4.870575

130.44 .637567 4.887818

456.527 2.12373 4.86729

190.161 .925799 4.866501

575.605 2.80255 4.868842

147.137 . 720055 4.893637

402 .746 1 .96238 4.8 72 5 541 .485 2.63676 4.869498

534.266 2.60097 4.868305

659.583 5.21219 4.870052

568.536 2.76487 4.863 1

4

569.731 2.77155 4.864515

616.301 3.00386 4.8740 1

4

8 69.624 4.23512 4.870059

617.519 5.00434 4.865178

870 .003 4.23512 4.867937

617.9332 3.004265 4.861796

2 COLUMN

F LINE,

LS, AND

TO

/ 444 /

99%

SLOPE, B = ELECTRICAL K = 20 5. 3 705

4.869254

STANDARD DEVIATION OF SLOPE = .2884916E-01

STANDARD DEVIATION OF RESIDUAL (Y’S) = .4311138

DEGREES OF FREEDOM: 26

T VALUE FOR ABOVE D.F.: 2.778818

99% CONE. INT. FOR SLOPE:+ OR - .0801666

99$ CONFIDENCE INTERVAL IN % = .3903513E-01

RANGE FACTOR FOR ABOVE NO. OF MEASUREMENTS IS 5.828

99% IMPRECISION IN JOULES IS .0805574E-01

34
COPY /SL/ TO TEL

10

20

30

40

50

90 70

80

90

100

1 10

120

140

150

160

1 70

180

190

200

210

220

221

222

223

22 4 22 5 230

240

250

260

270

280

290

300

310

320

330

335

340

350

360

410

420

430

432

434

456

PRINr'THIS IS 940 SLOPE PROGRAM. USES AN INPUT 2 COLUMN"

PRINT" ELECTRICAL DATA FILE TO FIND SLOPE, B, OF LINE,"

PRINT"Y=BX, THRU ORIGIN, STD. DEV. OF RESIDUALS, AND 997.' PRINT"CONFIDENCE INTERVALS ON SLOPE ACCORDING TO"

PRINT" NATRELLA 5-4.2. 1" DIM K(200) ,X(200) ,Y(200) ,Z(200)

PRINT" TYPE IN 2 COLUMN ELECTRICAL FILE IN / /"

;

INPUTAS

OPENAS, INPUT

FORI =1 TO200

INPUT FILE Y(I) ,X(I)

IFEOF(9)=1THEN1B0

N=I NEXTI

PRINT'

STOP

PRINT'

OVER 200 POINTS'

IN INPUT FILE =",N

JOULES

1000*X(I)/Y(I)

THIS K (JOULES/MILLIVOLT)

B :",B

K ,B1

NO. OF RUNS

IFNO0THEN220

PRINT"NO DATA IN FILE ",A$

STOP

A -0

PRINT" MICROVOLTS

FOR I =1 TON

PRINTY(I) ,X(I)

NEXTI

PRINT

E=0

C:0

FORI =1 TON

A=A+X(I)*Y(I)

E=E+X(I)*X(I)

CrC+Y(I)*Y(I)

NEXTI

B=A/E

PRINT" SLOPE,

B1 = 1000/B

PRINT" ELECTRICAL

PRINT

IFN<>1THEN410

PRINT"ZERO DEGREES

STOP

W=(C-(A*A/E))/(N-1)

D=W/E

S=SQR( D)

PRINT"STANDARD

W1=SQR(W)

PRINT"STANDARD DEVIATION OF RESIDUAL (Y’S) =",W1

440V=N-1

4501 FV<> 1 THEN480

460T=63.657

470GOTO660

480IFV<>2THEN510

490T=9.925

500GOTO660

510IFV<>3THEN540

520T=5.841

530GOTO660

540IFV<>^THEN570

550 T= 4. 60 4 560GOTO660

570IFV<>5THEN600

580T=4.032

OF FREEDOM"

DEVIATION OF SLOPE

35
590GOTO660

600GU4. 91699

S10Gf> = 8. 85602

S20G5= 12. 1 466

650G4: 12.0578

640G=2.5759 1 4 650T=G+G1 /V+G2/VT2+G3/Vt5+G4/Vt4

660P HINT" DEGREES OF FREEDOM:" V 670PRINT"T value FOR ABOVE D.F.:" T 680PRINT"997. CONF. INT. FOR SLOPE:+ OR -"T*S

690PRI NT

700PRINT"99$ CONFIDENCE INTERVAL IN 7. :" ( 1 00*T*S) /B

710PRI NT

720K(2):242.3

730K(3):29.055

740K(4):14.527

750KC5): 10.26

760K(6):8.301

770K(7):7. 187

780K(8):6.468

790K(9):5.966

800K( 10):5.594

810K( 1 1):5.308

820K(12):5.079

830K( 13):4.895

840K( 14):4.737

850K( 15):4.605

860KC 16):4.492

870K( 17):4.393

880K( 18) = 4.507

390K( 19):4.23

900K(20):4.161

910K(21):4.1

920K(22):4.044

930K(23):3.993

940K(24):3.947

950K(25):3.904

960K(26):3.865

970K(27):3.828

980K(50):5.733

990K(35):3.61

1

1000K(40):3.518

1010K(45):3.444

1020K(50):3.385

1030K(55):5.535

1040K(60):3.295

1050K(65):3.257

1060K(70):3.225

1070K(75):3. 197

1080K(80)=3. 1 73

1090K(85):5.15

1 100K(90)=3.13

1 1 10K(95):3.1 12

1 120K( 100):3.096

1130K(150):2.983

1 140K(200):2.921

1150IFN>27THEN1 180

1 1 60Q:K(N)

1 1 70GOTO1670

1180IFN>32THEN1210

1 190Q:K(30)

36
120t5GOTOl 670

1210IFN>37THEN1240

1220Q=K(35)

1230GOTO1 670

12401 FN>42THEN1270

12 50Q=K(40)

1260GOTO1 670

1270IFN>47THEN1300

12800 :K (45)

1290GOTO1 670

1300IFN>52THEN1330

1310Q=K(50)

1320GOTO1 670

13301 FN>57THEN1 360

13400 =K(55)

1350GOTO1 670

1360IFN>62THEN1390

13700 =K( 60)

1380GOTO1670

13901 FN>67THEN1 420

14000 =K(65)

1410GOTO1 670

1420IFN>72THEN1450

1430Q=K(70)

1440GOTO1 670

1 4501 FN>77THEN1 480

14600 :K(75)

1470GOTO1670

1480IFN>82THEN1510

14900=K(80)

1 500GOTO1 670

15101 FN>87THEN1 540

1520Q=K(85)

1530GOTO1 670

1540IFN>92THEN1570

1550Q =K(90)

1 560GOTO1 670

1570IFN>97THEN1600

1580QrK(95)

1590GOTO1 670

1600IFN>120THEN1630

16100rK(100)

1620GOTO1 670

16301 FN>1 70THEN1660

1640Q=K( 1 50)

1650GOTO1 670

1660Q =K(200)

1670GOTO1680

1680PRINT"RANGE FACTOR FOR ABOVE NO. OF MEASUREMENTS IS ”0

1690PRINT

1692P=S0R(W)*O/B

169 4PRINT”99 7. IMPRECISION IM JOULES IS "P

1700STOP

37
APPENDIX B

Beamsplitter Ratio and D-Factor Derivation

A two-calorimeter beamsplitter configuration is shown in Fig. 1. In Experiment 1,

Calorimeter 1 is in the low-level position and Calorimeter 2 is in the high-level position.

In Experiment 2, the calorimeters are interchanged with Calorimeter 2 in the low-level position and Calorimeter 1 in the high-level position.

We assume for each beamsplitter run that the system is linear and stable over the energy

range of the experiment. Let

R12 = ^ , (1)

and

R21 = ^ , (2)

where

R12 -- beamsplitter ratio for Experiment 1. R21 -- beamsplitter ratio for Experiment 2.

U1 -- energy to low-level calorimeter for Experiment 1. U2 -- energy to high-level calorimeter for Experiment 1.

U2' — energy to low-level calorimeter for Experiment 2.

U1 ' -- energy to high-level calorimeter for Experiment 2.

Say we assume a small error, a, between the two calorimeters, where a may be plus or minus. We also assume the two calorimeters perform equally well, and we will split the error, a, equally between them. For very small a, let the correction for Calorimeter 1 be

1 + a, and the correction for Calorimeter 2 be 1 - a where we assume that for a very small a

1 + a

1

1 (3)

If we define the absolute beamsplitter ratio as B9, Eq. (1) then becomes

39 =

" ot)U 2

1 + a U1

’ (4)

and Eq. (2) becomes

B9

1 + a)Ul

1 - a)U2' (5)

We have two unknowns, B9 and a.

38
If we eliminate a by multiplying Eq. (4) by Eq. (5), the absolute beamsplitter ratio,

B9, becomes

B9^ = U2(;i - a]lUl ' (;i + a)

Ul 1[1 + cxjiU20!l - a)

B9 = /!^ U1 U2'

( 6 )

(7)

As can be seen, we can find the ratio, B9, without evaluating the error a. To find a, we eliminate B9 by setting Eq. (4) equal to E-q. (5) to obtain

U2(l

Ul(l

Substituting Eq. (3) in Eq. (8), we get

- a) _ Lll ' (

1 + a)

U2' (1 - a) ( 8 )

U2 _U1 ' (1 + g)^

Ul(l + a)^ U2'

(9)

00 )

Expanding (1 + a)^ we obtain

(1 + a)^ = 1 + 2a +

For small a, we neglect and Eq. (10) becomes

( 11 )

_ 1 I /U2 U2' “ "

2 A/ur ui

^

I

As can be seen, a may be either plus or minus. In Program /ST2C/ we define D = a.

( 12 )

39
Bean Splitter q 2

Beam Splitter

Cl

Figure 1

.

40
APPENDIX C

Computer Program, /ST2C/ for Beamsplitter Ratio

Appendix C includes a listing of Program /ST2C/ and the print-out of a computer run of

/ST2C/ using input data files, /C/ and /D/. A listing of similar programs for a threecalorimeter intercomparison is also shown for Program /ST12/.

41
-COPY /C/ TO TEL

1 1 .45573

1 1 .44578

1 1 .45999

1 1 .45646

-COPY /D/ TO TEL

11.44814

1 1.44431

1 1 .45393

1 1 .45447

-BA BASIC-5.1 5 73- 1 1- 13

>LOAD /ST2C/

>RUN

IMIS IS 940 PROGRAM /ST2C/ DESIGNED TO FIND THE

ABSOLUTE BEAM SPLITTER RATIO AND D FACTOR FOR EACH

CALORIMETER WITH THE 99% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL, USING

2 C SERIES CALORIMETERS IN A REGULAR BEAM

SPLITTER SETUP. BEFORE RUNNING THE PROGRAM, PUT IN

SCRATCH FILE /C/, A SINGLE COLUMN OF BEAM SPLITTER

RATIOS FOR C41 LOW LEVEL AND C46 HIGH LEVEL

POSITION. PUT IN FILE /D/, A SINGLE COLUMN

OF RATIOS FOR C46 LOW AND C4 1 HIGH.

IHE NO. OF VALUES IN EACH FILE SHOULD EXCEED 4 AND THE RATIO OF /C/ PTS. TO /D/ PTS. SHOULD

LIE BETWEEN .8 AND 1.2

IF BEAM SPLITTER VALUES IN FILES /C/ AND /D/ ARE

IN ORDER, TYPE 1. OTHERWISE TYPE 0.? 1 NO. IN /C/ = 4 NO. IN /D/ r 4 DEGREES OF FREEDOM = 6

99% T VALUE FOR ABOVE DEG. OF FREEDOM = 3.728768

ESTIMATE OF SIGMA = .4817674E-03

ABSOLUTE BEAM SPLITTER RATIO = 11.45235

99% OF THE TIME, THE BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS WILL BE

WITHIN A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF .0635123

D FACTOR FOR C41 CALORIMETER r 1.000093

D FACTOR FOR C46 CALORIMETER = .9999066

TREATED EQUALLY, 99% OF THE TIME, THE D FACTORS WILL LIE

WITHIN A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF .3175615E-01

TYPE IN WAVELENGTH? .5309

DATE IS 79/01/05 16: 47:36

BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS IN FILE /C/

LOW LEVEL CAL. HIGH LEVEL CAL. BEAM SPLIT. RATIOS RUN NO.

C41 C46 1 1.45573 1 C41 C46 1 1 .44578 2

C41 C46 1 1.45999 3 C41 C46 1 1 . 45646 4

42
BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS IN FILE /D/

LOW LEVEL CAL. HIGH LEVEL CAL. BEAM SPLIT. RATIOS RUN NO.

C46 C41 1 1 .44814 1 C46 C41 1 1 .44431 2

C46 C41 1 1 .45393 3 C46 C41 1 1 .45447 4

COPY /ST2C/ TO TEL

10 PRINT” THIS IS 940 PROGRAM /ST2C/ DESIGNED TO FIND THE"

20 PRINT"ABSOLUTE BEAM SPLITTER RATIO AND D FACTOR FOR EACH"

50 PRINT"CALORIMETER WITH THE 99% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL, USING"

40 PRINT"2 C SERIES CA LORI METERS 'I N A REGULAR BEAM"

50 PRINT"SPLITTER SETUP. BEFORE RUNNING THE PROGRAM, PUT IN"

60 PRINT"SCRATCH FILE /C/, A SINGLE COLUMN OF BEAM SPLITTER"

70 PRINT"RATIOS FOR C4 1 LOW LEVEL AND C46 HIGH LEVEL"

80 PRINT"POSI TION. PUT IN FILE /D/, A SINGLE COLUMN"

90 PRINT"OF RATIOS FOR C46 LOW AND C4 1 HIGH."

100 PRINT" THE NO. OF VALUES IN EACH FILE SHOULD EXCEED 4"

105 PRINT"AND THE RATIO OF /C/ PTS. TO /D/ PTS. SHOULD"

107 PRINT’LIE BETWEEN .8 AND 1.2"

110 PRINT"IF BEAM SPLITTER VALUES IN FILES /C/ AND /D/ ARE"

120 PRINT"IN ORDER, TYPE 1. OTHERWISE TYPE 0.";

130 INPUTA5

140 IFA5=1THEN160

150 STOP

160 OPEN/C/, INPUT

170 DIMW( 100) ,X( 100) ,Y( 100) ,Z ( 100)

180 FORI=1TO100

190 INPUT FILEY(I)

200 I FEOF(9)=l THEN230

210 N1=I

220 NEXT I 225 GOTO310

230 PRINT" NO. IN /C/ =",N1

232 IFN1>3THEN2 40

236 PRINT" LESS THAN 5 VALUES IN /C/"

238 STOP

240 CLOSE

250 OPEN/D/, INPUT

260 FOR I =1 TO100

270 INPUTFILEZ(I)

280 I FEOF(9) = 1 THEN330

290 N2 = I 300 NEXTI

310 PRINT"OVER 100 POINTS IN /C/ OR /D/"

320 STOP

330 PRINT" NO. IN /D/ =",N2

332 IFN2>3THEN340

336 PRINT" LESS THAN 5 VALUES IN /D/"

338 STOP

340 S1=0

341 N9 = N1/N2

342 IFN9>1 .2THEN345

343 IFN9<.8THEN345

344 GOTO350

345 PRINT" NO. OF PTS. RATIO OUT OF RANGE"

346 STOP

350 FORI =1 TONI

360 X(I)=LOG(Y(D)

370 SUS1+X(I)

380 NEXTI

43
390 S2=0

4^10 F0RI=1T0N2

410 W(I)=LOG(Z(D)

420 S2 = S2+W(I)

430 NEXTI

440 N3 = N1 + N2

450 N4 = N1-N2

460 S3 = Sl + S2

470 S4=S1-S2

480 D3= ( N3) T2-( N4) t2

490 B1 = ( N3*S3-N4*S4) /D3

D1 = (N3*S4-N4*S3)/D3

510 S=0

520 FORI =1 TONI

530 S=S+(B1 + D1-X(D) T2 540 NEXTI

550 F0RI=1T0N2

560 S:S+(B1-D1-W(D) T2 570 NEXTI

580 S8 = S/(N3-2)

590 B=EXP(B1 ) 600 D=EXP(Dl/2)

610 B2:(S8*N3*(2*N1) t2)/(D3) t2 620 D2=(S8*N3*(2*N2) t2)/(D3) t2

630 V=N3-2

640 T= V/ (-0.7 155 721 79 161+0,3874902 70 184* V)+6.0E4

650 B4=T*SQR(B2)*100

660 D4=(T*SGR(D2)*100)/2

670 S7=SQR(S8)

700 PRINT

710 PRINT" DEGREES OF FREEDOM =",V

720 PRINT"997. T VALUE FOR ABOVE DEG. OF FREEDOM =”,T

730 PRINT" ESTIMATE OF SIGMA :",S7

740 PRINT

750 PRINT"ABSOLUTE BEAM SPLITTER RATIO r" ,B 760 A$="997. OF THE TIME, THE BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS WILL BE”

770 B$ = ” WITHIN A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF " 780 C$="D FACTOR FOR C4 1 CALORIMETER =" 790 D$=”D FACTOR FOR C46 CALORIMETER =” 800 E$=" TREATED EQUALLY, 997, OF THE TIME, THE D FACTORS WILL LIE"

810 PRINTAS

820 PRINTB$,B4

830 PRINT

840 PRINTC$,D

850 PRINTDS,1/D

860 PRINT

870 PRINTES

880 PRINTB$,D4

890 PRINT

900 PRINT" TYPE IN WAVELENGTH"?

910 INPUTW8

920 F$:"DATE IS"

930 G$:DAT(X)

940 PRINTF$,G$

950 H$="LOW LEVEL CAL. HIGH LEVEL CAL. BEAM SPLIT. RATIOS RUN NO.

960 I$="BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS IN FILE /C/"

970 J$="BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS IN FILE /D/"

980 K$="C41 C46"

990 L$="C46 C41"

1000 PRINT

1010 PRINTIS

1020 PRINTHS

44
1030 FORI =1 TONI

1040 PRINTK$,Y(I ) ,I

10 50 NEXTI

1060 PRINT

1070 PRINTJS

1080 PRINTHS

1090 F0RI:1T0N2

1100 PRINTL$,Z(I) ,I

1110 NEXTI

1200 END
COPY /ST12/ TO TEL

10 PRINT"THIS IS 940 PROGRAM STAT12 FOR C SERIES CALORIMETERS

20 PRIWr’THIS PROGRAM IS DESIGNED ONLY FOR 12 BEAM SPLITTER”

50 PRINT'RUNS OF 2 EACH FOR THE 6 POSSIBLE CONFIGURATIONS"

40 PRINT"OF 3 C SERIES CALORIMETERS TAKEN 2 AT A TIME"

50 PRINT" IN A BEAM SPLITTER SETUP"

55 GOTO120

60 PRINT" FOR INSTRUCTIONS FOR INPUT VALUES, TYPE 1. ELSE 0";

70 INPUTAl

80 IFAU1THEN100

90 GOTO500

100 PRINT" lYPE BEAM SPLITTER VALUES IN A SINGLE COLUMN"

110 PRINT" TO SCRATCH DATA FILE /B

115 G0T0252

120 P$="SET LOW LEVEL CALORIMETER

140 I$="1ST C444

150 J$=" 1ST C4 1 4 160 KS="1ST C464

170 L$=" 1ST C4 14

180 M$=" 1ST C464

190 N$r" 1ST C444

200 0$="2ND C444

210 R$:"2ND C4 14

220 S$ = "2 ND C464

230 T$:"2 ND C41 4 2 40 U$ = "2ND C464

250 VS = "2ND C444

251 GOTO60

252 PRINT

255 PRINTPS

260 PRINTIS

262 PRINTJS

264 PRINTKS

266 PRINTLS

270 PRINTMS

272 PRINTNS

274 PRINTOS

276 PRINTRS

278 PRINTSJ

280 PRINTTS

282 PRINTUS

290 PRINTVS

29 5 PRINT

300 PRINT" IF BEAM SPLITTER VALUES

50 5 PRINT"0RDER, TYPE 1 . ELSE 0"

;

310 I NPUTA3

320 IFA3: 1 THEN340

330 STOP

340 OPEN/B/, INPUT

350 DIMVCl 5) ,W( 12)

360 FORI =1 TOl

5

370 INPUTFILEVCI

)

380 IFE0F(9) = 1 THEN410

390 N1=I

400 NEXTI

410 IFN1= 12THEN440

420 PRINT" NO. OF VALUES DOESN’T = 430 STOP

440 FORI =1 T012

, USING THE FOLLOWING ORDER"

HIGH LEVEL CALOR. BEAM SPLITTER R.

C4 15

" C443 " C4 13

" C4 65 " C4 45 " C463 " C4 13

" C443 " C4 13

" C464 " C4 43 " C4 63 "

IN FILE /B/ ARE IN

46
W(I)rLOG(V(D)

460 NEXTI

470 T:0

4F0 F0RIrlT012

490 T=T+W(I)

500 ,'JEXTI 510 Z=T/12

520 B=EXP(Z)

550 X=(W(1 )+W(7)-W(2)-W(8)-W(5)-W( 1 1)+W(6)+W( 12) ) /12

540 Y=(W(3)+W(9)-W(4)-W(10)+W(5)+W(11)-W(6)-W(12))/12

550 Y2 = EXP(X)

560 Y3 = EXP(Y)

570 Y1=1/(Y2*Y3)

560 S=0

590 F0RI=1T012

000 W(I):-1*W(I)

610 NEXTI

620 S=S+(W(1 )+2*X+Y+Z) T2+(W(7)+2*X+Y+Z) t 2

650 S=S+(W(2) -2+X-Y+Z) T2-t- ( W(8) -2*X-Y+Z) t2

640 S=S+(W(3)+X+2*Y+Z) t2+ ( W (9 ) +X+2+Y+Z ) t2

650 S=S+(W(4)-X-2*Y+Z) t 2+ ( W Cl 0) -X -2*Y+Z ) T2 660 S:S+(W(5) -X+Y+Z) t2+(W(1 D-X+Y+Z) t2

670 S=S+(W(6)+X-Y+Z) t2+(W( 12)+X-Y+Z) t 2

680 Sl = SQR(S)/3

S90 E9 =100*3. 25* Sl/SQRC 12)

700 E1 = 100*3.25*S1/SGR( 18).

705 PRINT

710 A$="AES0LUTE BEAM SPLITTER RATIO =" 720 PRINTA$,B

730 B$="D FACTOR FOR C41 CALORIMETER =” 740 CS = "D FACTOR FOR C44 CALORIMETER =" 750 D$ = ”D FACTOR FOR C46 CALORIMETER =" 760 ES = "997. OF THE TIME, THE BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS WILL BE"

770 F$=" WITHIN A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF " 780 PRINTES

790 PRINTF$,E9

800 PRINT

810 PRINTB$,Y1

820 PRINTCS,Y2

830 PRINTD$,Y3

840 PRINT

850 G$=" TREATED EQUALLY, 997. OF THE TIME, THE D FACTORS WILL LIE"

860 PRINTGS

870 PRINTF$,E1

880 PRINT" TYPE IN WAVELENGTH";

890 INPUTW8

900 WS=DAT(X)

910 PRINT" DATE IS " ,W$

912 PRINT

916 PRINTPS

920 PRINTI$,V( 1 ) 930 PRINTJ$,V(2)

940 PRINTK$,V(3)

950 PRINTL$,V(4)

960 PRINTM$,V(5)

970 PRINTN$,V(6)

980 PRINT0$,V(7)

990 PRINTR$,V(8)

1000 PRINTS$,V(9)

1010 PRINTT$,V( 10)

1020 PRINTU$,V( 1 1

)

1030 PRINTV$,V( 12)

9999 PRINT"DONE"

10000 END

47
APPENDIX D

Computer Program /S6/ Used to Separate Calihration Values

According to Wavelength and/or Scale

Appendix D gives an example of how Program /S6/ can be used to separate and print out

the Code 9 values from a typical power meter file to single column. File /A/. A listing of

/S6/ is also included.

48
COPY /\b/ TO TEL

9.61 527E-01 7801274 0.96825E-03 .6328 3 464 9

9.60122 E-01 7801275 0 .96904E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.60756E-01 780131 1 1 .02274E-03 . 6328 3464 9

9.64984E-01 7802012 1 .02965E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.66780 E-01 7802022 1 .02753E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.61246E-01 7802033 0.98310E-03 .6328 3 464 9

9.63326E-01 7802061 1 . 10347E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.629 51 E-01 7802092 0.97222E-03 .6328 3-464 9

9. 520 48 E-01 7802172 1 .09669 E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.56870 E-01 7802173 1 .06399 E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.55321 E-01 7802212 1 .05054E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.54587E-01 7802242 1 . 13033E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.48927E-01 7802271 1 . 1 4445E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.54925E-01 780301 1 1 .08595E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.60809 E-01 7803023 0 .88009 E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.63434E-01 7805041 0 .82995E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.49678 E-01 7805042 1 .36646E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.51282 E-01 780602

1

1 .07224E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.59383E-01 7806022 0 .99335E-03 .6328 3 464 9

9.61943E-01 7806023 0 .95848E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.62947E-01 7806261 0 .99590E-03 .6328 3464 9

9.48090 E-01 7806264 1 .26570E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.62273E-01 7807061 0 .9 1824E-03 ,6328 3464 9

9.52719 E-01 7807062 1 .28443E-06 .6328 3465 3

9.60248E-01 7809141 0 .95642E-03 .6328 3 464 9

9.50383E-01 7809 1 42 1 . 12828E-06 .6328 3465 3

49
BA

3ASIC-5.15 73-11-13

>LOAD /S6/

>RUN

USE TO COPY 1ST COLUMN DATA FROM A 6 COL. POWER OR ENERGY

FILE SPECIFIED ACCORDING TO WAVELENGTH AND SCALE

TO SCRATCH DATA. FILE /A/

lYPE IN 6 COLUMN INPUT FILE IN / /? /15/

NO. OF VALUES IN FILE = 26

TYPE 30 FOR ALL WAVELENGTHS; 1 FOR 1.06; 2 FOR .6471;

3 FOR .6328; 4 FOR .5145; 5 FOR .4880; 6 FOR .5309? 3

TYPE 30 FOR ALL CODE NOS. EXCEPT 99; 1 FOR CODE 1;

2 FOR CODE 2, ETC.?? 9

NO. OF SELECTED POINTS = 15

TO PRINT SELECTED POINTS TO TELETYPE, TYPE 1. ELSE 0? T

.961527

.960122

.960756

.964984

.96678

.961246

.963326

.962951

.960809

.963434

.959383

.9619 43

.962947

.9 622 73

.960248

TO PRINT SELECTED POINTS TO FILE /A/, TYPE 1. ELSE 0? 1 NO. OF VALUES IN /A/ = 15

END

>QUIT

50
COPY /S6/ TO TEL

120 REM THIS IS PROGRAM STRIPS

150 PRINT "USE TO COPY 1ST COLUMN DATA FROM A 6 COL. POWER OR ENERGY

140 PRINT "FILE SPECIFIED ACCORDING TO WAVELENGTH AND SCALE"

150 PRINT "TO SCRATCH DATA FILE /A/"

160 DIM A ( 100) ,Y( 100) ,D( 100) , F( 100)

170 DIM B( 100) ,C ( 100) , E( 100)

180 PRINT "TYPE IN 6 COLUMN INPUT FILE IN / /"

;

190 INPUT Q$

200 GO TO 470

210 PRINT "TYPE 50 FOR ALL WAVELENGTHS; 1 FOR 1.06; 2 FOR .6471;"

220 PRINT "5 FOR .6528; 4 FOR .5145; 5 FOR .4880; 6 FOR .5509";

250 INPUT W9

240 PRINT "TYPE 50 FOR ALL CODE NOS. EXCEPT 99; 1 FOR CODE 1;"

250 PRINT "2 FOR CODE 2, ETC.?";

260 INPUT C9

270 IF W9<>50 THEN 290

280 GO TO 460

290 IF W9<>! THEN 520

500 W9= 1 .06

510 GO TO 460

520 IF W9<>2 THEN 550

550 W9=0.6471

540 GO TO 460

550 IF W9<>5 THEN 580

560 W9:0.6528

570 GO TO 460

580 IF W9<>4 THEN 410

590 W9=0.5145

400 GO TO 460

410 IF W9<>5 THEN 452

420 W9 = 0.488

450 GO TO 460

452 I FW9<>6THEN440

454 W9= 0.5509

456 GOTO460

440 PRINT "NO SUCH WAVELENGTH. TRY AGAIN"

450 GO TO 210

460 GO TO 650

470 OPEN Q$, INPUT

480 A$="CALIBRATION RUN NO. POW. OR ENER. WAVE. CAL. SCALE

500 FORI =1 TO 100

510 INPUTFILEAd ) ,B(I) ,C(I ) ,D(I ) , Ed) , F(I

)

520IFEOF(9)= 1THEN570

550 N-I

540 NEXT I 550 PRINT "OVER 100 POINTS"

560 STOP

570 PRINT "NO. OF VALUES IN FILE =",N

560 :/^ ! ! ! 1 #.#^#^#!!!! 00, 00^^ 0000 00

620 N1=0

640 GO TO 210

650 FOR 1:1 TO N

51
S60 IF F(I)=99 THEN 730

670 IF W9 = 30 THEN 690

880 IF D(I)oW9 THEN 750

690 IF C9 = 30 THEN 710

700 IF F(I)<>C9 THEN 730

710 N1=N1+1

720 Y ( N1 )=A (I

)

730 NEXT I 740 PRINT "NO. OF SELECTED POINTS = "N1

741 PRINT" TO PRINT SELECTED POINTS TO TELETYPE, TYPE 1. ELSE 0"

;

742INPUTG

743 IFQ = 1THEN745

744 GOTO750

745 FORI :1 TONI

746 PRINTY(I)

747 NEXTI

750PRINT"TO PRINT SELECTED POINTS TO FILE /A/, TYPE 1. ELSE 0";

7551 NPUT P

760 IF P=1 THEN 780

770 GO TO 850

780 OPEN/A/, OUTPUT

810 FOR I =1 TO N1

820 PRINTFILEY(I)

830 NEXT I 840 PRINT "NO. OF VALUES IN /A/= ",N1

850 PRINT "END"

860 END

52
APPENDIX E Computer Program, /RU/, a RUNSUM Program to Detect Trends in Statistical Data

Program /RU/ is a RUNSUM program to detect trends in statistical data. The difference

(residual) between each data point and the mean is compared with the standard deviation

starting with the first point. As the program progresses point-by-point, a running total.

RUNSUM, is <ept according to the following rules.

1. A residual less than la, add 0.-

2. A

II II II 2a, " 1.

3. A

II II II 3a, " 2.

4. A

II II II 4a, " 3.

5. A

11 II II 5a, " 4.

6. A " greater II 5a, " 5.

7. When a residual

through 6.

changes sign , RUNSUM is set to 0, before proceeding to Steps 1

When the RUNSUM value equals 5 or greater, a trend is indicated. A listing of /RU/ is

shown in Appendix E, as well as a printout of a typical computer run on Program /RU/

.

53
QUI T

-COPY /RU/ TO TEL

120 REM THIS IS PROGRAM RL'MSUM

150 PRINT "A RUNSUM TEST PROGRAM TO DETECT TRENDS IN

M0 PRINT "COLUMN DATA FILE /A/"

145 OPEN/A/, I NPUT

150 N=0

180 DIM S(200) ,T(200) ,Z (200)

190 FOR I =1 TO200

200 INPUT FILE Z(I)

210 I FE0F(9) = 1 THEN270

230 N=I

240 NEXT I 250 PRINT "OVER 200 POINTS"

260 STOP

270 FOR 1=1 TO N 280 I F I =1 THEN 310

290 S(I)=S(I -1)+Z(I)

300 GO TO 320

310 S(I)=Z(I)

520 NEXT I 330 J=S(N)/N

540 FOR 1=1 TO N 350 IF 1=1 THEN 380

360 T(I) = T(I-1)+(Z(I)-J) T2

370 GO TO 590

380 T(I)=(Z(I)-J) T2

390 NEXT I 400 V3 = SQR(T(N)/(N-1 ))

410 F$="AVERAGE:

420 GOTO1110

430 PRINTF$,J

440 G$="STANDARD DEVIATION:"

450 PRINTG$,V3

460 H$="PERCENT STANDARD DEVIATION:"

470 PRINTHS, 100* V5/J

480 V5=V3

490 K1=J

500 P=0

510 R=0

520:### #.#####!!!! #.#####!!!! ## ##

530 E$=" I Z(I) RESIDUAL >SIGMA RUNSUM

540 PRINT

550 PRINT E$

560 FOR 1=1 TO N 570 D=Z(I)-K1

580 IF Z(I)>K1 THEN 640

590 IF P=-

1

THEN 620

A SINGLE"

S$$$

TREND"

54
R=0

610 P:-l

620 Q=K1-Z(I)

630 GO TO 680

640 IF P = 1 THEN 6 70

650 R:0

660 P = 1 670 Q=Z(I)-K1

680 IF Q>V5 THEN 710

590 G = 0

700 GO TO 930

710 IF Q>2*V5 THEN 750

720 Grl

730 R=R+1

740 GO TO 930

750 IF Q>3*V5 THEN 790

760 G=2

770 R:R+2

780 GO TO 930

790 IF Q>4*V5 THEN 830

800 G = 3

810 R-R+3

820 GO TO 930

830 IF Q>5*V5 THEN 8 70

840 G=4

850 R=R+4

860 GO TO 930

870 IF Q>6*V5 THEN 910

880 G=5

890 R=R+5

900 GO TO 930

910 G=6

920 R=R+6

930 IF R>4 THEN 970

940 T$r"NO"

960 GO TO 990

970 T$=’*YES"

990 PRINT USING 520 , 1 , Z ( I) , D ,G ,R , T$

1030 NEXT I 1040 GOTO1360

1 1 10 A$:" THE DATE IS "

1 120 C$ = " THIS IS FILE " 1130 PRINT "TYPE IN FILE REMARKS"

1140 INPUT D$

1150 B$:DAT(X)

1180 PRINT

1200 PRINTA$,BS

1210 PRINT

1220 GOTO430

1360 PRINT " END"

13 70 END

55
BA

BASlC-5.15 73-11-13

>LOAD /RU/

>RUN

A RUNSUM TEST PROGRAM TO DETECT TRENDS IN A SINGLE

COLUMN DATA FILE /A/

TYPE IN FILE REMARKS

7 SIL15 AT 1 MILLIWATT AT .6328

THE DATE IS 79/01/08 16:40:33

AVERAGE: .9621819

STANDARD DEVIATION: .1966743E-02

PERCENT STANDARD DEVIATION: .2044045

I ZCI) RESIDUAL >SIGMA RUNSUM TREND

1 9.61527E-01 -.06549 E-02 0 0 NO

oCj 9.60122E-01 -.20599 E-02 1 1 NO

3 9.60756E-01 -. 14259 E-02 0 1 NO

4 9 .64984E-01 2.80207E-03 1 1 NO

5 9.66780E-01 4.59807E-03 2 3 NO

6 9.61246E-01 -.09359 E-02 0 0 NO

7 9.63326E-01 1 . 14407E-03 0 0 NO

8 9.629 51 E-01 0.76907E-03 0 0 NO

9 9.60809 E-01 -. 13729 E-02 0 0 NO

10 9.63434E-01 1 .25207E-03 0 0 NO

1 1 9.59383E-01 -.27989 E-02 1 1 NO

12 9 .61943E-01 -.23893E-03 0 1 NO

13 9.62947E-01 0.76507E-03 0 0 NO

14 9 .62273E-01 0 .9 1067E-04 0 0 NO

15 9 .602 48 E-01 -. 19339 E-02 0 0 NO

END

>

56
APPENDIX F

Computer Program, /PL/, a Plottinq Routine for a Single Column of Data

Appendix F contains a listing and a sample run of Plot Program /PL/.

57
COPY /PL/ TO TEL

120 REM THIS IS PROGRAM PLOT

150 PRINT "A PLOT OF PERCENT DIFFERENCE FROM THE AVERAGE OF A SINGLE"

140 PRINT "COLUMN OF DATA IN FILE /A/ " 150 N9=200

160 DIM T( N9) ,W( N9) ,P( N9) ,Q( N9) ,R( N9)

170 PRINT " TI TLE OF PLOT"

180 INPUT LS

190 OPEN/A/, INPUT

200 FOR I=1TO200

210 INPUT FILEP(I)

220 IF EOF(9)=1THEN270

230 Nrl

240 NEXT I 250 PRINT "OVER 200 POINTS"

260 STOP

270 S=0

280 FOR I-l TO N 290 S=S+P(I)

500 NEXT I 310 AUS/N

520 FOR 1=1 TO N 530 R(I)=100*(P(I)-A1)/A1

340 NEXT I 550 AS="NO. OF POINTS:"

560 PRINT A$,N

570 BS="AVERAGE:"

590 PRINTB$,A1

400 FOR 1=1 TO N 410 IF 1=1 THEN 440

420 W(I)=W(I-1)+R(I) t2

450 GO TO 450

440 W(I)=R(I) T2

450 NEXT I 460 IF N=1 THEN 2290

470 V=SQR(W(N)/(N-D)

480 C$="STANDARD DEVIATION:"

490 V9 = V*A1/100

500 PRINTC$,V9

510 D$="l SIGMA IN PERCENT =" 520 PRINTD$,V

550 E$="3 SIGMA IN PERCENT =" 540 PRINTES,3*V

550 FOR K = 1 TO N 560 IF K>1 THEN 590

570 C=R(K)

580 GO TO 620

590 IF R(K)>C THEN 610

600 GO TO 620

610 C=R(K)

58
S20 NEXT K S30 FS-"Y XAX. PERCENT =" 640 PRINTF$,C

650 FOR K=1 TO N 660 IF K>1 THEN 690

670 D=R(K)

680 GO TO 720

690 IF R(K)<D THEN 710

700 GO TO 720

710 D-R(K)

720 NEXT K 730 G$:"Y MIN. PERCENT

740 PRINTG$,D

750 PRINT "FOR INSTRUCTIONS, TYPE 1. ELSE 07";

760 INPUT Ml

770 IF MU0 THEN 860

780 PRINT "SCALE IS DIVIDED INTO 6 LARGE INTERVALS WHICH ARE"

790 PRINT "SCALED IN PERCENT. AN INPUT OF 1, GIVES A SCALE FROM

800 PRINT "-3 SIGMA TO -1-3 SIGMA IN PERCENT. AN INPUT OF 2 GIVES

810 PRINT "A SCALE OF -N TO -KN. AN INPUT OF 3 GIVES A SCALE"

820 PRINT "FROM -N TO -^M PERCENT."

830 PRINT "USE 1 FOR A SCALE IN TERMS OF SIGMA PERCENT"

840 PRINT "USE 2 FOR A SCALE IN TERMS OF -N TO -t-N PERCENT"

850 PRINT "USE 3 FOR A SCALE FROM -P TO +Q PERCENT"

860 PRINT "TYPE 1,2, OR 37";

870 INPUT ^

880 IF M2- 1 THEN 930

890 IF ^-2 THEN 980

900 IF f»2 = 3 THEN 1080

910 PRINT "INVALID NO. TRY AGAIN"

920 GO TO 830

930 PRINT "TYPE 3 FOR 3 SIGMA. TYPE 6 FOR 6 SIGMA7";

940 INPUT M3

950 Q1=M3*V

960 Q03-Q1

970 GO TO 1020

980 PRINT "TYPE . 3 , . 6 , . 9 ,

1 .2 , ETC. OR A MULTIPLE OF .37";

990 INPUT M4

1000 Q1=M4

1010 Q0=-M4

1020 FUQ0-I-Q1/3

1030 F2 = Q0-(-2*Ql /3

10 40 F3=G0-H3*Q1 /3

1050 F4:Q0-t-4*Ql /3

1060 F5 = Q0-t-5*Ql /3

1070 GO TO 1120

1080 PRINT "Pi'PE IN Y MIN. WITH MINUS SIGN";

1090 INPUT Q0

1100 PRINT "TYPE IN Y MAX. 7";

1 1 10 INPUT G1

1 120 Q2= 1

1 130 Q3 = N

1 1 40 Q4= 1 1150 Q 5= (Ql-G0)/60

1160 Q6=0

1170 IF N>10THEN 1 1 76

1172 E=2

1 1 74 GOTOl 190

1176 IF N>16THEN1 182

1178 E= 1 59
1180 GOTO1190

1182 F” 0

1190 PRINT" FOR PLOT MOVE PAPER AND TYPE 1. ELSE 0";

1200 INPUT E9

1210 IF E9 = 0 THEN 2300

1230 L9=0

1250 FOR X=Q2 TO G3 STEP Q4

1260 Y=R(X)

1270 IF E:0 THEN 1370

1280 IF E=1 THEN 1340

1300 PRINT

13 40 PRINT

1370 IF G6-0THEN1790

1380 IF Q6=20 THEN 1450

1400 PRINT X;

1430 GO TO 1490

1450 PRINT X;

1480 Q6=10

1490 Q7=Q0+2*Q5

1500 Z=Q7+0.5*G5

1510 I F Z<Y THEN 1 700

1520 Q6=Q6+1

1530 IF Z-Y>2*Q5 THEN 1660

1540 IF Z-Y>Q5 THEN 1610

1560 PRINT " +"

1570 GO TO 2090

1610 PRINT " +"

1620 GO TO 2090

1660 PRINT

1670 GO TO 2090

1700 Q7=G7+3*G5

1720 PRINT " 1730 GO TO 1500

1760 Q6=G6+1

1770 GO TO 2090

1790 PRINT " ",L$

1792 TS=DAT(X)

1 79 4 PRINT" DA.TE IS " ,T$

1800 GO TO 1830

1830 H$:"PERCENT STANDARD DEVIATION: " 18 50 PRINTH$,V

1860 GO TO 1890

1880 IF L9=l THEN 1910

1890 PRINTB$,A1

1900 GO TO 1930

1930 I$=" PERCENT DIFFERENCE FROM AVERAGE"

1950 PRINT 1$

1960 GO TO 1980

1980:###.## ####.## ####.## ####.## ####.## ####.## ####.##

2000 PRINT USING 1 980 , Q0 , FI , F2 , F3 , F4 , F5,Q

1

2010 GO TO 2030

2030 J$=" I. I I I I I 2 0 50 PRINT J$

2080 GO TO 1450

2090 NEXT X

2100 GOTO2300

2290 PRINT"ONLY 0 VALUE IN FILE /A/ " 2300 PRINT" END"

2310 END

60
BA

BA.SIC-5.15

>LOAD /PL/

73- 11-13

DI FFERENCE

FILE /A/

>RUN

A PLOT OF PERCENT

COLUMN OF DATA IN

TITLE OF PLOT

? SIL15 AT 1 MILLIWATT AT .6328

NO, OF POINTS: 15

AVERAGE: .9621819

STANDARD DEVIATION:

1 SIGMA IN PERCENT = 3 SIGMA IN PERCENT = Y MAX. PERCENT : Y MIN. PERCENT = FOR INSTRUCTIONS, TYPE 1

FROM THE AVERAGE OF A SINGLE

. 1966743E-02

.20A4045

.6132136

.4778791

-.2908944

ELSE 0?? 1 SCALE IS DIVIDED INTO 6 LARGE INTERVALS WHICH ARE

SCALED IN PERCENT. AN INPUT OF 1, GIVES A SCALE FROM

-3 SIGMA TO +3 SIGMA IN PERCENT. AN INPUT OF 2 GIVES

A SCALE OF -N TO +N. AN INPUT OF 3 GIVES A SCALE

FROM -N TO +M PERCENT.

USE 1 FOR A SCALE IN TERMS OF SIGMA PERCENT

IN TERMS OF -N TO +N PERCENT

FROM -P TO +G PERCENT

2

ETC. OR A MULTIPLE OF .37? .6

USE 2 FOR A SCALE

USE 3 FOR A SCALE

TYPE 1 , 2, OR 37?

TYPE .3 , .6, .9 , 1 .2,

FOR PLOT MOVE PAPER AND TYPE 1. ELSE 07 1

61
DATE IS

PERCENT

AVERAGE;

-.60

1

1

2

SIL15 AT 1 MILLIWATT AT .6328

79/01/09 08; 1 4;27

STANDARD DEVIATION; .2044045

.9621819

PERCENT DIFFERENCE FROM AVERAGE

-.40 -.20 0.00 .20 .40 .60

3 +

4 +

5 +

6 +

7

8 +

9 +

10 +

1 1 -f

12

13 +

1 4 +

15

END

>

62
APPENDIX G

Computer Program /ASTM/, an ASTM Proaram to Provide 2 Control Charts

Appendix G contains a listing and a sample run of Program /ASTM/,

%

63
COPY /ASTM/ TO TEL

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

92

PRINT" 1 TO SKIP DIRECTIONS. ELSE 0’ TYPE

INPUT A9

IFA9= 1 THEN150

PRINT" THIS PROGRAM PROVIDES 2 CONTROL CHARTS; ONE FOR INDIVIDUALS,

PRINT"AND ONE FOR MOVING RANGE, R, OF TWO OBSERVATIONS. SEE ASTM"

PRINT" MANUAL ON QUALITY CONTROL OF MATERIALS, PAGE 105, FOR DETAILS

PRINT" CONTROL CHART #1 DISPLAYS INDIVIDUAL RESIDUAL READINGS"

PRINT"IN PERCENT WITH CONTROL LIMITS VERSUS RUN NO. " PRINT" CONTROL CHART #2 DISPLAYS MOVING RANGE VALUES WITH"

PRINT" CONTROL LIMITS VERSUS RUN NO."

100 PRINT" CONTROL LIMITS SHOULD BE BASED ON AT LEAST 15 INDIVIDUAL"

110 PRI NT" MEASUREMENTS. THIS PROGRAM NEEDS AT

120 PRINT"SINGLE COLUMN INPUT DATA MUST BE IN

1 50 N9=200

LEAST 10

FILE /A/

POINTS

BEFORE

TO RUN."

RUNNING.'

160 DIM P ( N9) ,R( N9) ,G(N9)

1 70 PRINT " TI TLE OF PLOT"

180 INPUT L$

190 OPEN/A/, INPUT

200 FOR I=1TO200

210 INPUT FILEP(I)

220 IF EOF(9) = 1 THEN270

230 N=I

240 NEXT I 250 PRINT "OVER 200 POINTS"

260 STOP

270 Sr0

280 FOR 1=1 TO N 290 S=S+P(I)

300 NEXT I 310 A1=S/N

320 FOR 1=1 TO N 330 R(I) = 100*(P(D- A1 )/Al

340 NEXT I 350 A$="NO. OF POIN TS:"

360 PRINT A$,N

362 IFN>9THEN365

363 PRINT"PROGRAM NEEDS AT LEAST

364 STOP

365 IFN>14 THEN370

366 PRINT"PROGRAM SHOULD HAVE AT

370 B$="AVERAGE:"

390 PRINTB$,A1

^0 T=0

422 FORI =2 TON

10 TO RUN.'

LEAST 15 POINTS TO SET GOOD CONTROL LIS

424 G(I)=ABS(P(I)-P(I-1) ) 426 T:T+G(I)

42 7 NEXTI

428 R=T/(N-1)

429 R5=100*R/A1

430 U=2.66*R

440 H=3.267*R

800 PRINT" TO PLOT #1, TYPE 1. TO PLOT #2, TYPE 2. ELSE 0"

;

810 INPUTA5

815 IFA5=0THEN2300

81 6 FOR I =1 TO10

817 PRINT

64
818 NEXTI

820 I FA 5= 1 THE N8 40

82 5 IFA 5=2THEN850

850 PRINT”INVALID NO. TRY AGAIN.

835 GOTO800

840 M2 = 2

845 GOTO890

850

860 GOTO890

890 IF 0^=2 THEN 980

900 IF ,M2:3 THEN 1080

980 PU 100* U/Al

990 M4=3*Pl/2

1000 Q1=M4

1005 Q9-Q1

1010 Q0r-M4

1020 Fl:Q0+Ql/3

1030 F2-Q0-f-2*Ql /5

1040 F3=Q0+3*Ql/3

1050 F4=Q0+4*Ql/3

1060 F5=Q0+5*Ql/3

1070 GO TO 1120

1080 Q0:0

1100 GU3*H/2

nil Fl = 100*Ql/6

1112 F2rl00*Ql/3

1113 F5=100*Ql/2

1114 F4=200*Gl/3

1115 F5=500*Ql/6

1116 Q9= 100*Q1

1120 I FA 5=1 THEN 1 123

1121 I FA 5=2THEN1 126

1 122 STOP

1123 C2= 1

1 124 C9=

1

1125 GOTO1130

1 126 02 = 2

1127 09=2

1130 Q3=N

1140 04=

1

1 150 Q5=(Ql-Q0)/60

1 160 06=0

1176 IF N>16THEN1 182

1178 E= 1 1180 GOTO 1250

1182 E=0

1250 FOR X=Q2 TO 03 STEP 04

1252 IFA5<>1THEN1260

1254 Y=R(X)

1256 GOTO1270

1260 Y=G(X)

1270 IF E=0 THEN 13 70

1280 IF E=1 THEN 1340

1300 PRINT

13 40 PRINT

1370 I F O6=0THEN1 790

1380 IF 06=20 THEN 1450

1450 PRINT " 1480 0 6= 10

65
1490 Q7=Q0+2*Q5

1500 Z=Q7+0.5*Q5

1510 IF Z<Y THEN 1700

1520 Q6=Q6+1

1 530 IF Z-Y>2*Q5 THEN 1645

1540 IF Z-Y>Q5 THEN 1595

1545 I FC9<6THEN 1560

1550 PRINT " !" 1555 GOTO2090

1 560 PRINT " +'• 1570 GO TO 2090

1595 I FC9<6THEN1 610

1600 PRINT " !" 1605 GOTO2090

1610 PRINT " +’• 1620 GO TO 2090

1645 IFC9<6THEN1660

1650 PRINT”!"

1655 GOTO2090

1660 PRINT "+"

1670 GO TO 2090

1700 Q7-Q7+3*Q5

1720 PRINT " 1730 GO TO 1500

1 760 Q6=Q6+1

1770 GO TO 2090

1790 PRINT " ",L$

1792 T$-DAT(X)

1 79 4 PRINT" DATE IS " ,TS

1800 GO TO 1830

1830 H$-"AVERAGE RANGE IN PERCENT"

18 50 PRINTH$,R5

1860 IFA5=2THEN1900

1890 PRIMTB$,A1

1900 IFA5=1THEN1930

1910 IFA5:2THEN1940

1930 I$=" PERCENT DIFFERENCE FROM AVERAGE"

1935 GOTO1950

1940 MOVING RANGE, R"

1950 PRINT 1$

I960 GO TO 1980

1980:###.## ####.## ####.## ####.## ####.## ####,## ####.##

2000 PRINT USING 1 980 ,Q0 , F 1 , F2 , F3 , F4 , F5 ,Q9

2010 GO TO 2030

2030 J$r" I I I I I I I 2050 PRINT J$

2080 GO TO 1450

2090 C9=C9+1

2095 I FC9<6THEN2290

2200 I FA 5<>1 THEN2250

2205 I FC9 = 6THEN221 5 2210 IFC9=7THEN2225

2212 I FC9=8THEN2280

2215 Y=-P1

2220 GOTO1270

66
222 5 Y=P1

2235 GOTO1270

2250 I FC9=6THEN2260

2255 I FC9=7THEN2265

2257 IFC9=8THEN2280

22 60 Y=0

2262 GOTO1270

2265 Y=H

2275 GOTO1270

2280 C9=l

2290 NEXTX

2292 FORI =11020

2293 PRINT

2294 NEXTI

2295 GOTO800

2300 PRINT" END"

2310 END

67
BA

BASIC-5.15 73-11-13

>LOAD /AST[^/

>RUN

TYPE 1 TO SKIP DIRECTIONS. ELSE 0? 0

THIS PROGRAM PROVIDES 2 CONTROL CHARTS; ONE FOR INDIVIDUALS, X,

AND ONE FOR MOVING RANGE, R, OF TWO OBSERVATIONS. SEE ASTM

[^NUAL ON QUALITY CONTROL OF MATERIALS, PAGE 105, FOR DETAILS.

CONTROL CHART #1 DISPLAYS INDIVIDUAL RESIDUAL READINGS

IN PERCENT WITH CONTROL LIMITS VERSUS RUN NO.

CONTROL CHART #2 DISPLAYS MOVING RANGE VALUES WITH

CONTROL LIMITS VERSUS RUN NO.

CONTROL LIMITS SHOULD BE BASED ON AT LEAST 15 INDIVIDUAL

MEASUREMENTS. THIS PROGRAM NEEDS AT LEAST 10 POINTS TO RUN.

SINGLE COLUMN INPUT DATA MUST BE IN FILE /A/ BEFORE RUNNING.

TITLE OF PLOT

? SIL15 AT 1 MILLIWATT AT .6328

NO. OF POINTS: 15

AVERAGE: .9621819

TO PLOT #1, TYPE 1. TO PLOT #2, TYPE 2. ELSE 0? 1

68
DATE IS

AVERAGE

AVERAGE:

-.92

I

SIL15 AT 1 MILLIWATT AT .6328

79/01/09 08:50:36

RANGE IN PERCENT .231119

.9621819

PERCENT DIFFERENCE FROM AVERAGE

-.61 -.31 0.00 .31 .61 .92

...I I I I I I

+

+

+

I

+

+

+

+

!

+

+

+

+

1

69
TO PLOT #1 , TYPE 1 TO PLOT #2, TYPE 2. ELSE 0? 2

SIL15 AT 1 MILLIWATT AT .6328

DA.TE IS 79/01/09 08:52:45

AVERAGE RANGE IN PERCENT .231119

MOVING RANGE, R

0.00 .18 .36 .54 .73 .91

I I I I I I. . +

+

+

;

!

+

+

+

+

+

j

! +

+

+

+

+

j

I

1 .09

.1

70
APPENDIX H

Computer Program, /D2/, a Statistical Program to Provide Average,

Standard Deviation 90%, 95%, and 99% Confidence Interval Data

Appendix H contains a listing and a sample run of Program /D2/.

71
COPY /D2/ TO TEL

120 REM THIS IS PROGRAM DEV2

130 REM LAST REVISED ON JAN. 9, 1978

M0 PRINT "A PROGRAM TO GIVE AVERAGE, STANDARD DEVIATION, 90%, 95% AND"

150 PRINT "99% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR A SINGLE COLUMN OF DATA"

160 PRINT "IN FILE /A/"

170 DIM X( 1 50) ,K( 150) ,S( 150) ,H( 150)

175 DIMY(150)

180 OPEN/A/, INPUT

190 FORI-1TO150

200 INPUTFILEX(I)

210 IFE0F(9)=1 THEN260

220 N1=I

230 NEXT I 240 PRINT "OVER 150 POINTS IN FILE /A/"

250 STOP

260 A$="NO. OF POINTS IN /A/ =" 261 PRINT"FOR STATISTICS ON RECIPROCALS, TYPE 1. ELSE 0";

262 INPUTA9

263 IFA9-1 THEN265

264 GOTO280

265 PRINT" VALUES IN /X/ RECIPROCALS"

266 FOR I =1 TONI

267 Y(I)=X(I)

268 X(I)=1/Y(I)

269 PRINT Y(I) ,X(I)

2 70 NEXTI

280 IF N1 <>1 THEN 310

290 PRINT "ZERO DEGREES OF FREEDOM"

300 STOP

310 B$=" FIRST VALUE IN FILE /A/ = " 330 C$="LAST VALUE IN FILE /A/ =

" 350 FOR I :1 TO N1 360 IF 1=1 THEN 390

370 S(I)=S(I -1)+X(I)

380 GO TO 400

390 S(I)=X(I)

400 NEXT I 410 J=S(N1)/N1

440 J0 = J

450 D$="AVERAGE = " 470 FOR 1=1 TO N1

480 IF 1=1 THEN 510

490 H(I)=H(I -1)+(X(I)-J) t2

5t)0 GO TO 520

510 H(I) = (X(I)-J) T2

520 NEXT I 530 R=SQR(H(N1)/(N1-D)

560 R0 = R 570 E$="STANDARD DEVIATION =

" 590 F$="PERCENT STANDARD DEVIATION .= " 592 T$="PERCENT STANDARD ERROR = " 594 U$="EST. OF STD. ERROR = SQR ROOT (STD. DEV SQUARED/NO. OF MEAS.)"

596 V$="SEE NBS SPECIAL PUB. 300, VOL. 1, PAGE 71-1203"

72
G00 P1 = 100*R/J

650 P0 = P1

640 P9 = SQR(P0t2/Nl ) 660 V:N1-1

670 GOSUB 20 70

700 S0=T0

710 GOSUB 2120

740 M0:T5

750 GOSUB 2170

780 L0 = T9

790 F-100*R/(SQR( M1)*J)

800 N$:" DEGREES OF FREEDOM = 820 G$-" .95% T VALUE .975% T VALUE .995% T VA LUE"

860 C0 = T0* F

900 H$=”90 % OF THE TIME THE ABOVE AVERAGE WI LL LI E"

910 I $="95 % OF THE TIME THE ABOVE AVERAGE WI LL LI E"

920 J$="99 % OF THE TIME THE ABOVE AVERAGE WI LL LI E"

930

940

980

1620

1630

1640

1650

1660

1730

1 740

1 750

1760

1 770

1780

1 790

1800

1810

1820

1830

1840

18 50

K$=" WI THIN

C5=T5*F

C9 = T9*F

Q$:"DATE : R$=DAT(X)

PRINTQ$,R$

PRINT " TYPE

INPUT S$

PRINT

FOR I =1 TO N1

PRINTX(I)

NEXT I PRINT

PRINT A$,N1

PRINTBS,X( 1

)

PRINTC$,X(N1)

PRINT

PRINTD$,J0

PRINTE$,R0

PRINTF$,P0

PRINT

1852PRINTUS

1854 PRINTVS

PRINTT$,P9

PRINT

PRINTNS,

V

PRINTGS

PRIMTS0,M0 ,L0

PRINT

PRINTHS

PRI NTKS,C0

PRINT

PRINTIS

PRINTK$,C5

PRINT

PRINTJS

PRINTKS,C9

PRINT

GO TO 2250

A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF

IN REMARKS FOR THIS RUN'

1856

1858

1860

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

1920

1930

19 40

19 50

19 60

1970

1980

73
2070 IF V>4 THEN 2100

2080 T0= 15, 016+ V*(- 12. 1829+ V*( 3. 8945-0.4 135* V))

2090 RETURN

2100 T0=V/(-0.559925368278+0.60784409253*V)+6.0E-4

21 10 RETURN

2120 IF V>4 THEN 2150

2130 T5=34.958+V*(-31 .3655+V*( 10.208-1 .0945* V)

)

2140 RETURN

2150 T53V/C-0.61 1599319 1+0.5101 102332* V)+6.0E-4

2160 RETURN

2170 IF V>1 THEN 2200

2180 T9=63.657

2190 RETURN

2200 IF V>5 THEN 2230

2210 T9 =3 5. 3 62+ V*( -20, 6568+ V*( 4. 69 65-0. 3 63 67* V))

2220 RETURN

2230 T9=V/(-0.7155721 791 61+0.387490270184*V)+6.0E-4

2240 RETURN

22 50 PRINT" DONE”

2260 END

74
-BA

BASIC-5. 15

>LOAD /D2/

73-1 1-13

>RUN

A PROGRAM TO GIVE AVERAGE, STANDARD DEVIATION, 90%, 95% AND

99% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR A SINGLE COLUMN OF DATA

IN FILE /A/

FOR STATISTICS ON RECIPROCALS, TYPE 1. ELSE 0? 0

DATE : 79/01/09 09:00:54

TYPE IN REMARKS FOR THIS RUN

? SIL15 AT 1 MILLIWATT AT .6328

.961 527

.960122

.960756

.964984

.96678

.961246

.963326

.962951

.960809

.963434

.959383

.961943

.962947

.962273

.960248

NO. OF POINTS IN /A/ = FIRST VALUE IN FILE /A/ - LAST VALUE IN FILE /A/ = AVERAGE : .9621819

STANDARD DEVIATION = PERCENT STANDARD DEVIATION

1 5

.961527

.960248

. 1966743E-02

.2044045

EST. OF STD. ERROR = SQR ROOT (STD. DEV SQUARED/NO. OF MEAS.)

SEE NBS SPECIAL PUB. 300, VOL. 1, PAGE 71-1203

PERCENT STANDARD ERROR = .5277702E-01

DEGREES OF FREEDOM = .95% T VALUE .975% T VALUE

1.76163 2.144569

1 4

.995% T VALUE

2 .973446

90 % OF THE TIME THE ABOVE AVERAGE WILL LIE

WITHIN A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF .0929736

95 % OF THE TIME THE ABOVE AVERAGE WILL LIE

WITHIN A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF .113184

99 % OF THE TIME THE ABOVE AVERAGE WILL LIE

WITHIN A + OR - PERCENTAGE RANGE OF .1569296

XNE

>QUI T

75
APPENDIX I

Computer Program, /S7B/, Used to Separate Beamsplitter

Ratios for Different Code Numbers

Appendix I contains a listing of Program, /S7B/, that is used to separate and print to

Scratch File /A/ those beamsplitter ratios of interest.

76
COPY /S7B/ TO TEL

120 REM THIS IS PROGRAM STRIP7P

130 PRINT "USE TO COPY ALL BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS OR ACCORDING TO CODE'

140 PRINT "NO. FROM A 7 COLUMN BEAM SPLITTER CONTROL FILE FROM " 150 PRINT "SPECFIED FILE TO SCRATCH DATA FILE /A/"

160 N=150

170 DIM A( N) ,P ( N) ,C( N) ,D( N) ,E(N)

180 DIM F( N) ,G ( N) ,Y ( N)

190 N2 = 0

200 PRINT "TYPE IN 7 COLUMN. BEAM SPLITTER FILE IN //";

210 INPUT Q$

220 OPENQS, INPUT

230 AS=" TOTAL NO. OF POINTS IN FILE =" 240 B$="NO. OF POINTS IN FILE /A/

250 FOR I =1 TOl 50

260 INPUT FILEA(I) ,B(I) ,C(I) ,D(I) ,E(I ) ,F(I) ,G(I)

270 IF E0F(9) = 1 THEN320

280 N=I

290 NEXT I 300 PRINT "OVER 150 POINTS"

310 STOP

320:

360 PRINTA$,N

370 PRINT

380 nun

430 PRINT "TYPE CODE NUMBER. OTHERWISE TYPE 999 FOR ALL CODE NOS.";

440 INPUT R9

480 FOR I-l TO N1

490 IF R9 = 999 THEN 510

5f)0 IF B(I)oR9 THEN 540

510 N2rN2+l

520 Y(N2)=A(I)

540 NEXT I 550 PRINT" NO. OF SELECTED POINTS ="N2

560 PRINT" TO PRINT SELECTED PCIMTS TO TELETYPE, TYPE 1. ELSE 0";

570 INPUTQ

560 IFQrlTHEN600

590 GOTO630

ai0 FORU1TON2

610 PRINTY(I)

620 NEXTI

630 PRINT"TO PRINT SELECTED POINTS TO FILE /A/, TYPE 1. ELSE 0";

640 INPUTP

650 IFP = 1THEN670

660 G0T0999

670 OPEN/A/, OUTPUT

680 F0RU1T0N2

690 PRINTFILEY(I)

700 NEXTI

710 PRINTB$,M2

999 PRINT" END"

1000 END

77
APPENDIX J

Two Typical Electrical Clibration Files, /444/ and /44CC/, as Stored on the Computer

Two typical electrical calibration files are shown in Appendix J. File /444/ is a two- column file, where the first column has corrected rise values and the second column has

corresponding values of energy (joules). Such a file is kept for each calorimeter for each

scale that is maintained.

The /44CC/ file is for all the electrical calibration runs for C44, regardless of scale

Going from left to right, the values are energy in joules, calibration coefficient in joules

per-millivolt, resistance of the calibrating heater, cooling constant, time of energy input,

residual data fit in percent, and run number.

78
COPY /44CC/ TO TEL

6.0405 4.87637 100.8570 0.001119 2 72 1.11 6027073

6.0409 4.87570 100.8500 0.001117 2 72 0.68 6027073

0.9676 4.86866 100.8410 0.001 108 2 08 0.66 6028073

8.5957 4.86600 100.8420 0.001112 1 12 0 .20 6029073

4.3871 4.87273 100.8550 0.0011 12 2 40 0.83 7002073

9.8615 4.87193 100.8420 0.001 106 2 88 0.39 7003073

4.3090 4.87005 100.8360 0.001110 88 0.78 7009073

0.0575 4.87187 100.8340 0.001045 12 2.53 7010073

0.0575 4.9 1 1 41 100.8370 0.00108 1 12 2 .44 701 0073

0.0575 4.88487 100.8370 0.001084 12 2.47 7010073

0.0575 4.85522 100.8360 0.001 120 12 2.25 7010073

0.0575 4.87067 100.8340 0.0011 49 12 3 .04 7010073

0.0575 4.9 1235 100.8340 0.000905 12 1 .90 7010073

0.0575 4.90996 100.8330 0.001061 12 2.57 7010073

4.8760 4.86819 100.8340 0.001099 92 0.92 7019073

3.0337 4.86694 100.8330 0.001099 72 0.44 8023073

1 .5015 4.86926 100 .8260 0.001 104 92 0.31 901 1073

0.3459 4.87471 100.8430 0.001087 204 1 .2 1 1101 1073

1 .8680 4.86784 100.8440 0.001 101 204 0.3 1 1101 1073

6.9985 4.86004 100.8500 0.0011 12 248 0.28 1 1030073

8 .0690 4.86678 100.8460 0.001 134 2 68 0.28 12007073

2 .0370 4.871 56 100.8320 0.001 139 36 0.34 1007074

4.0575 4.87440 100.8330 0.001 104 1 40 1 .70 1031074

7.6321 4.86027 100.8410 0.001 1 1

1

1 48 0.21 1031074

0.3358 4.88554 100.8510 0.001131 1 48 0.94 201 4074

2.1932 4.87057 100.8430 0 . 001 1 1

5

268 0.3 1 2014074

0.6376 4.88782 100.8590 0.001096 228 0.32 3020074

2.1237 4.86730 100.8590 0.001118 1 52 0.36 3020074

0.9258 4.86850 100.8600 0.001090 1 72 0.34 4016074

0.6199 4.86592 100.8600 0.001 160 1 48 1 .60 4016074

0.7568 4.86813 100.8460 0.001103 76 1 .06 5020074

2.8025 4.86884 100.8450 0.001117 1 76 0.27 5020074

20.8002 4.87040 100.7780 0 . 001 1 72 40 0.51 6010074

22.8723 4.87002 100 .7790 0.001 182 44 0.44 6010074

0.2516 4.87167 100.7890 0 . 0011 41 84 1 .47 601 1074

0.2516 4.87797 100.7890 0.001 102 84 0.70 601 1074

0 .7057 4.87454 100.7880 0.0011 12 208 1 .03 6011074

0.7200 4.89363 100.7970 0.0011 18 1 64 0.35 7025074

1 .9 62 4 4.87250 100.8090 0.001 139 1 64 0.34 7025074

2.6368 4.86950 100.8630 0.001 122 220 0.30 8027074

2.6010 4.86831 100.8530 0.001 127 32 0 .30 8027074

24.3503 4.85846 100.8360 0.001 132 300 0 .26 9027074

3.2122 4.87003 100.8520 0.001 130 300 0.64 1 1007074

31 .6862 4.85689 100.8560 0.001150 250 0.43 1 1007074

2 . 7649 4.86313 100.8450 0 . 0011 50 300 0.4 1 1015075

21 .6656 4.86227 100.8460 0.0011 77 180 0.20 1020075

21.6014 4.85870 100.8390 0.001 128 180 0.26 1024075

2.7713 4.86432 100.8430 0.001116 300 0.33 1 028075

0.1051 4.89826 100.7980 0.00 1228 300 1 .18 8005075

23.1 403 4.86321 100.8099 0.0011 49 220 0.35 8005075

25.1 744 4.86693 100.7863 0.001181 20 0.41 801 1075

0 .2856 4.87751 100.7774 0.001 123 2 2 .00 8012075

0.3213 4.86739 100 . 851

1

0.001116 300 0.00 1016076

79
3.0039

4.2351

23.2933

0.3213

3.0043

4.2351

23.2926

0.3213

3 .0043

21 .1637

4.87401

4.86271

4.85913

4.86517

4.86794

4.85935

4.86283

4.86180

4.85518

100.8470

100.8506

100.8506

100.8541

100.8671

100.8568

100.8475

100.8446

100.8437

100.8278

0.001 1 71

0.0011 60

0.001 1 79

0.001 108

0.001123

0.001 129

0.001 138

0.001066

0.001083

0.001097

300 0.00

40 0.00

220 0.00

300 0.01

300 0.00

40 0.00

220 0.01

300 0.01

300 0.01

200 0.01

COPY /444/ TO TEL

198.743

900.345

884.802

1001.61

623.318

308.361

383.745

418.135

832.41

6

68.7373

450.298

130.44

436.327

190. 161

575.605

1 47.137

402.746

541.485

534.266

659.583

568.536

569.731

61 6.301

869 .624

617.519

870.003

61 7.9332

0.96761 1 4.38715

4.30903

4.87603

3.03365

1 .50149

1 .86801

2.03697

4.05753

0.335819

2.19321

0.637567

2.12373

0.925799

2.80253

0.720035

1 .96238

2.63676

2.60097

3.21219

2.76487

2.77135

3.00386

4.23512

3.00434

4.23512

3.004265

1019076

1019076

1019076

7608131

7608132

7608133

7608134

771 1081

771 1082

771 1083

80
APPENDIX K

Computer File, /YT/, a Typical 3eamsplitter File for a Given Laser Wavelength

A typical beamsplitter file, /YT/, is shown in Appendix K. From left to right, the

columns are beamsplitter ratio, code number, run number, wavelength, low-level calorimeter,

high-level calorimeter, and energy (joules) to high-level calorimeter. Such a file exists

for each beamsplitter and for each wavelength being maintained. Also shown is a run of

Program /S7B/, which can be used to separate and print first column beamsplitter ratio to Scratch File /A/. In addition, a plot of all the beamsplitter values is shown in a computer

run of /PL/.

81
COPY /YT/ TO TEL

1 1.64580 12 . 76030501

1 1 .64710 12 76030502

1 1 .64140 10 7603503

1 1 .66460 10 7603504

1 1 .64220 10 7603082

1 1 .64660 10 7603083

1 1.65060 12 7603151

1 1 .64770 12 7603152

1 1 .64770 12 7604021

1 1 .64920 12 7604022

11.66210 9 7604281

1 1 .66290 9 7604282

1 1 .66840 9 7604283

1 1.66470 9 7604284

1 1 .64023 15 7608091

1 1 .63604 15 7608093

1 1 .6671

4

1 7 76081 12

1 1 .65580 1 7 76081 14

1 1 .67485 1 6 7608161

1 1 .70825 16 7608163

1 1 .68597 19 7608172

1 1 .65184 19 7608174

1 1 .66475 20 7608255

1 1 .62801 20 7608257

1 1 .64934 18 7608262

11.64213 18 7608264

1 1 .66588 8 7609241

1 1 .66757 8 7610073

1 1 .67301 8 7610262

11.66211 8 761 1221

1 1.66426 8 7612301

1 1 .65047 8 7701262

1 1 .61917 10 7703181

1 1 .69477 9 7801091

1 1 .69418 9 7802072

1 1 .6900 4 9 7803131

1 1.66568 9 7804182

1 1 .6853 1 9 7804183

1 1.68272 9 7805163

1 1 .69516 9 7806052

1 1 .69019 9 7810041

,0600 3464 3413 12.84050

.0600 3464 3413 2 7. 18 790

,0600 3464 3413 2 1 .86820

,0600 3464 3413 20.69950

,0600 3464 3413 15.86590

,0 600 3464 3413 16.25350

,0600 3464 3413 2 1 .21800

.0600 3464 3413 20.80770

,0600 3464 3413 10.90980

,0600 3464 3413 13.88940

,0 600 3414 3463 13.21360

,0600 3414 3463 13.29790

,0600 3414 3463 13.47280

,0600 341 4 3463 13.26110

,0600 3414 3 4 43 18.35203

.0600 3414 3443 16.44810

. 0 600 3414 3463 15.52333

.0600 3414 3463 16.76773

.0600 3444 3413 13.77973

.0600 3444 3413 23.40371

.0600 3444 3463 18.85713

.0600 3444 3463 19.84209

,0600 3464 3443 19.04584

.0600 3464 3 4 43 1 7.80859

,0600 3464 3413 17.44419

.0600 3464 3413 22.51588

,0600 3464 3413 15.12832

.0600 3464 3413 18.52174

,0 600 3464 3413 16.24837

.0600 3464 3413 1 6. 72545

,0600 3464 3413 12.3311

5

.0600 3464 3413 10.68418

.0600 3464 3413 20.07786

.0600 3414 3463 16.91940

.0600 3414 3463 22.47015

.0600 3414 3463 22.51866

.0600 3414 3463 7.43130

, 0 600 341 4 3463 22.04359

,0600 3414 3463 1 5.53 490

.0600 341 4 3463 23.16932

,0600 3414 3463 2 1 .93694

1 ,

1 ,

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

82
UN

USE TO COPY ALL BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS OR ACCORDING TO CODE

NO. FROM A 7 COLUMN BEAM SPLITTER CONTROL FILE FROM

SPECFIED FILE TO SCRATCH DATA FILE /A/

TYPE IN 7 COLUMN BEAM SPLITTER FILE IN //? /YT/

TOTAL NO. OF POINTS IN FILE r 41

TYPE CODE NUMBER. OTHERWISE TYPE 995 FOR ALL CODE NOS.? 999

NO. OF SELECTED POINTS - 41

TO PRINT SELECTED POINTS TO TELETYPE, TYPE 1. ELSE 0? 1

1 1 .6458

1 1 .6471

1 1 .641

4

11.6646

1 1.6422

I 1 .6466

I I .6506

I 1.6477

1 1 .6477

I 1 .6492

11.6621

1 1 .6629

I I .6684

1 1 .6647

1 1 .64023

11.63604

1 1 .6671 4

1 1.6558

1 1 .67485

1 1 .70825

1 1 .68597

1 1 .65184

1 1 .66475

1 1 .62801

1 1 .64934

1 1 .64213

1 1 .66588

1 1 .66757

I 1.67301

11.66211

I I .66426

1 1 .65047

1 1 .619 1 7

1 1 .69477

1 1 .69418

1 1 .69004

1 1.66568

1 1 .68531

1 1 .68272

11.69516

1 1 .69019

TO PRINT SELECTED POINTS TO FILE /A/, TYPE 1. ELSE 0? 1 NO. OF POINTS IN FILE /A/ = 41

END

> 83
QUI T

-BA

BASIC-5.15 73- 1 1-15

>LOAD /PL/

DIFFERENCE

FILE /A/

FROM THE AVERAGE OF A SINGLE

>RUN

A PLOT OF PERCENT

COLUMN OF DATA IN

TITLE OF PLOT

7 S72 BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS AT 1.064

NO. OF POINTS: 41

AVERAGE: 11.66209

STANDARD DEVIATION: .2007786E-01

1 SIGMA IN PERCENT r .1721635

3 SIGMA IN PERCENT = .5164904

Y MAX. PERCENT = .3957746

Y MIN. PERCENT = -.3680676

FOR INSTRUCTIONS, TYPE 1. ELSE 077 1 SCALE IS DIVIDED INTO 6 LARGE INTERVALS WHICH ARE

SCALED IN PERCENT. AN INPUT OF 1, GIVES A SCALE FROM

-3 SIGMA TO +3 SIGMA IN PERCENT. AN INPUT OF 2 GIVES

A SCALE OF -N TO +N. AN INPUT OF 3 GIVES A SCALE

FROM -N TO +M PERCENT.

USE 1 FOR A SCALE IN TERMS OF SIGMA PERCENT

USE 2 FOR A SCALE IN TERMS OF -N TO +N PERCENT

USE 3 FOR A SCALE FROM -P TO +Q PERCENT

TYPE 1 , 2, OR 377 2

TYPE .5, .6, .9 , 1 .2, ETC. OR A MULTIPLE OF .377 .45

FOR PLOT MOVE PAPER AND TYPE 1. ELSE 07 1

84
S72 BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS AT 1.064

DATE IS 79/01/09 09! 15: 1 6

PERCENT STANDARD DEVIATION: .1721635

AVERAGE! 11.66209

PERCENT DIFFERENCE FROM AVERAGE

-.45 -.30 -.15 -.00 .15

1 ..

12

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 1 12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

END

I I I I +

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

+

+

+

+

.30

I ..

+

+

4- +

+

.45

I

+

>

85
APPENDIX L

Table L Defines Code Numbers for Different Beamsplitter Configurations

Table L.l, as shown in Appendix L, defines the code numbers used in the beamsplitter

files to designate the various combinations of windows and calorimeters used by NBS in a three-calorimeter/beamspl i tter configuration.

86
TABLE L.

Code No.

Low Level - Low Level High Level High Level

Calorimeter Window Calorimeter Window

1 C44 BK7A-3 C46 FS-12

2 C46 FS-12 C44 BK7A-3

3 C41 FS-7 C44 FS-6

4 C44 FS-6 C41 FS-7

5 C41 FS-10 C44 BK7A-3

6 C44 BK7A-3 C41 FS-10

7 C41 FS-10 C46 FS-12

8 C46 FS-12 C41 FS-10

9 C41 FS-7 C46 FS-8

10 C46 FS-8 C41 FS-7

11 C46 FS-8 C44 FS-6

12 C44 FS-6 C46 FS-8

87
APPENDIX M

Computer File, /CMAT/, Contains All Required C-series Parameters

In Appendix M, a copy of File /CMAT/ is shown that contains all the parameters needed by

the C-Series calibrating system to calculate the value of the calibrating beam. Also shown

is a computer run and listing of Program /DOC/, which documents the values found in /CMAT/.

88

J
COPY /CMAT/ TO TEL

10 41 44 46

12 0.9999 1 1

1 1 4.24443 4.8621 1 4.94741

3 4.25255 4.86926 4.94878

A 4.25675 4.87000 4.95214

9 1 .00047 0.999886 0.999649

1 1 .6537 0.9321 0.9331 0.9301

1 1.545 0.9305 0.9314 0.9294

1 1.5288 0.9304 0.9312 0.9293

1 1 .4270 0.9285 0.9291 0.9281

1 1 .43 72 0.929 1 0.9296 0.9286

1 .06 1 .23 1 .29 1 . 42

.6471 .90 .96 1 .09

.6328 .90 .96 1 .09

.5145 .94 .97 1.17

.4880 .92 .95 1.15

4 1 .27 0 0

0 0 0 0

.5309 .93 .96 1.16

1 1.45235 0.9293 0.9299 0.9287

39
>RUN

THIS 940 PROGRAM /DOC/ IS USED TO DEFINE AND DOCUMENT

THE ELEMENTS IN /CMAT/ MATRIX.

10 41 44 46

12 .9999 1 1

1 1 4.24443 4.8621

1

4.94741

3 4.25255 4.86926 4.94878

4 4.25675 4.87 4.952 1

4

9 1 .00047 .999886 .999649

1 1.6587 .9321 .9331 .9301

1 1.545 .9305 .9314 .9294

1 1 .5288 .9304 .9312 .9293

1 1 .427 .9285 .9291 .9281

11.4372 .9291 .9296 .9286

1 .06 1 .23 1 .29 1.42

.6471 .9 .96 1 .09

.6328 .9 .96 1 .09

.5145 .94 .97 1.17

.488 .92 .95 1.15

4 1 .27 0 0

0 0 0 0

.5309 .93 .96 1.16

1 1.45235 .9293 .9299 .9287

ELECTRICAL CALIBRATION CONSTANTS, K, IN JOULES PER MILLIVOLT

SEE LATEST BLUE BOOK TABLE A. 1 .

1

CALORIMETER SCALE ELECTRICAL K C41 1 E3 4.24443

C41 1 E4 4.25255

C41 1 E5 4.25675

C44 1 E3 4.8621

1

C4 4 1 E4 4.86926

C4 4 1 E5 4.87

C46 1 E3 4.94741

C46 1 E4 4.94878

C46 1 E5 4.95214

CALORIMETER ABSORPTION D FACTOR

C41 .9999 1 .00047

C4 4 1 .999886

C46 1 .999649

GEOMETRIC MEAN BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS

WAVELENGTH BEAM SPLITTER RATIO

1 .06 1 1.6587

.6471 1 1 .545

.6328 1 1 .5288

.5309 1 1.45235

.5145 1 1 .43 72

.488 1 1 .427

90
WINDOW TRANSMISSION VALUES

WAVELENGTH 1 .06

CALORIMETER WINDOW TOTAL TRANSMISSION

C41 FS7 .9321

C44 FS6 .933 1 C46 FS8 .9301

WAVELENGTH .6471

CALORIMETER WINDOW TOTAL TRANSMISSION

C41 FS7 .9305

C4 4 FS6 .9314

C4 6 FS8 .9294

WAVELENGTH .6328

CALORIMETER WINDOW. TOTAL TRANSMISSION

C41 FS7 .9304

C4 4 FS6 .9312

C46 FS8 .9293

WAVELENGTH .5309

CALORIMETER WINDOW TOTAL TRANSMISSION

C41 FS7 .9293

C4 4 FS6 .9299

C46 FSB .928 7

WAVELENGTH .5145

CALORIMETER WINDOW TOTAL TRANSMISSION

C41 FS7 .9291

C4 4 FS6 .9296

C4 6 FS8 .9286

WAVELENGTH .488

CALORIMETER WINDOW TOTAL TRANSMISSION

C41 FS7 .9285

C4 4 FS6 .9291

C4 6 FSB .9281

DELIVERED BEAM UNCERTAINITY VALUETS

AT THE 99 7. CONFIDENCE INTERVAL

WAVELENGTH 1 E3 1 E4 1 E5

1 .06 1 .23 1 .29 1 .42

.6471 .9 .96 1 .09

.6328 .9 .96 1 .09

.5309 .93 .96 1.16

.5145 .94 .97 1.17

.488 .92 .95 1.15

DELIVERED BEAM UNCERTA I N I TY ' AT THE 997. CONFIDENCE LEVEL

AT THE 1 MICROWATT LEVEL IS 1.27

91
TABLE A

- BEAM SPLITTER CODE NUMBERS

CODE NO. LOW LEVEL HIGH LEVEL

CALORIMETER WINDOW CALORIMETER WINDOW

3 C41 FS7 C44 FS6

12 C44 FS6 C46 FSB

10 C46 FS8 C41 FS7

1 1 C46 FSB C44 FS6

4 C44 FS6 C41 FS7

9 C41 FS7 C46 FSB

COPY /DOC/ TO TEL

Itl PRINT" THIS 940 PROGRAM /DOC/ IS USED TO DEFINE AND DOCUMENT"

20 PRINT" THE ELEMENTS IN /CMAT/ MATRIX."

25 PRINT

26 PRINT

27 PRINT

30 DIMB(20,4)

4f1 OPEN/CMAT/, INPUT

50 FORI=1TO20

SO FOR J = 1T04

70 INPUT FILE B(I,J)

80 NEXTJ

90 NEXTI

95 MAT PRINT B

100 AS(1):"C41"

110 A$(2)="C44"

120 A$(5)="C46"

130 B$(l)="l H3"

140 B$(2)="l E4"

150 B$(3)=" 1 E5"

160 C$=" CALORIMETER"

170 D$=" SCALE"

172 E$=" ELECTRICAL K"

174 F$r"ABSORPTION"

176 GS="D FACTOR"

178 IS="WAVELENGTH"

180 J$="BEAM SPLITTER RATIO"

182 K$=" WINDOW"

184 L$=" TOTAL TRANSMISSION"

186 M$ = "FS7"

188 N$="FS6"

190 P$ = "FS8"

192 ZS(1)="FS7"

194 Z$(2)=" FS6"

196 Z$(3)="FS8"

200 PRINT" ELECTRICAL CALIBRATION CONSTANTS, K, IN JOULES PER MILLIVOLT"

204 PRINT"SEE LATEST FLUE BOOK TABLE A. 1.1"

92
210 PRIMTC$,DS,E$

220 F0RJ = 1T03

230 F0RIrlT03

235 K=I+2

240 L=J+1

250 PRINTASCJ) ,E$(I) ,B(K,L)

260 NEXTI

265 PRINT

2 70 NEXTJ

300 PRINT

310 PRINT

320 PRINT

330 PRI NTCS,F$,G$

340 F0RI=1T03

345 J=I + 1 350 PRINTAS(I) ,E(2,J) ,E(6,J)

360 NEXTI

370 PRINT

380 PRINT

390 PRINT

400 W(1):P(12,1)

410 W(2)=E(13,1)

420 W(3)=B(14,1)

430 W(4)=P(19,1)

440 W(5)=E(J5,1)

450 W(6)rB(16,l)

460 R( 1)=E(7,1)

470 R(2)=E (8,1)

480 R(3)rB(9,l)

490 RC4)=E(20,1)

500 R( 5)=B( 1 1 , 1

)

510 R(6)=B( 10,1)

520 PRINT" GEOMETRIC MEAN BEAM SPLITTER RATIOS

530 PRINTIS,JS

540 F0RI=1T06

550 PRINTW(I) ,R(I)

560 NEXTI

570 PRINT

580 PRINT

590 PRINT

©0 PRI NT" WIN DOW TRANSMISSION VALUES"

610 F0RJrlT06

620 PRINTIS,W(J)

S30 PRINTC$,K$,L$

640 F0RI=1T03

645 L-I+1

550 IFJ<4THEN680

660 I FJ = 4 THEN 730

670 IFJ>4THEN750

680 K=J+6

700 PRINTAS(I) ,Z$(I) ,B(K,L)

710 GOTO770

730 PRINTASd) ,ZS(I) ,B(20,L)

740 GOTO770

93
750 IFJo5THEN764

760 PRINTAS(I) ,ZS(I) ,B( 1

1 ,L)

762 GOTO770

764 PRINTASd) ,Z$(I) ,B( 10,L)

770 NEXT!

780 PRINT

790 NEXTJ

792 PRINT

79 4 PRINT

79 6 PRINT

800 PRINT" DELIVERED BEAM UNCERTAINITY VALUES"

805 PRINT’AT THE SSZ CONFIDENCE INTERVAL"

810 PRINTI$,B$( 1) ,B$(2) ,B$(3)

820 PRINTWC 1) ,B( 12,2) ,P ( 12,3) ,B( 12,4)

830 PRINTWC2) ,B(13,2) ,B(13,3) ,B(13,4)

840 PRINTW(3) ,B( 1 4,2) ,B( 14,3) ,B( 1 4,4)

850 PRINTWC4) ,B( 19,2) ,B ( 19,3) ,B ( 19, 4)

860 P RINTW( 5 ) ,B( 15,2) ,B( 15,3) ,B( 15,4)

870 PRIMTW(6) ,B(16,2) ,B(16,3) ,B(16,4)

880 PRINT

890 PRINT

900 PRINT

910 PRINT" DELI VERED BEAM UNCERTAINITY AT THE 99%

920 PRINT"AT THE 1 MICROWATT LEVEL IS ",B(17,2)

930 PRINT

940 PRINT

950 PRINT

1000 PRINT" TABLE A - BEAM SPLITTER CODE NUMBERS"

1010 PRINT"CODE NO. LOW LEVEL

1015 PRINT" CALORIMETER WINDOW

1020 N9=l

10 40 X$="C41"

1045 U$=M$

10 48 V$=N$

10 50 Y$="C44"

1060 GOTOl 738

1070 X$="C4 4"

1075 U$=N$

1078 V$rP$

1080 Y$="C46"

1090 GOTOl 738

1100 X$:"C46"

1 105U$=P$

1 108 V$ = M$

1 1 10 Y$="C41"

1120 GOTOl 738

1 130 X$="C46"

1135 U$=P$

1 138 VS=N$

1 1 40 Y$="C4 4"

1150 GOTOl 738

1 1 60 X$="C44"

1165 U$=N$

1168 V$ = M$

1170 YSr"C41"

CONFIDENCE LEVEL

HIGH LEVEL"

CALORIMETER WINDOW"

94
1180 G0T01738

1 190 X$=*‘C41"

1195 US=M$

1198 V$=P$

1200 Y$ = ’’C46"

1210 G0T01738

1738 IFX$ = "C41" WENl 750

1742 IFXS = "C44’' THENl 774

1746 I FX£="C46” THENl 798

1 750 IFX$:’*C44" THE.Ml 758

1 754 IFYS="C46” 'WENl 766-

1758 G5=B(4,1)

1762 G0T01824

1766 G5=B(6,1)

1770 G0T01824

1 774 I FYS = "C4r’ THENl 782

1778 I FY$="C46" THENl 790

1782 G5=E(5,1)

1786 G0T01824

1790 G5=B(2,1)

1794 G0T01824

1798 IFYS="C4r*THEN1806

1802 IFY$="C44" 1KEN181 4

1806 G5rE( 1 ,1)

1810 G0T01824

1814 G5=E(3,1)

1818 G0T01824

1824 PRINTG5,X$,U$,YS,V$

1830 N9 = N9+1

1840 I FN9 = 2THEN1070

1850 1 FN9 = 3 THENl 100

1860 IFN9=4THEN1 130

1870 I FN9=5THEN1 160

1880 IFN9=6THEN1 190

1890 I FN9>6THEN1900

1900 PRINT

1910 PRINr'THE MATRIX IS NEARLY FULL. ONLY LINE 18 IS OPEN

95
NBS-114A IREV. 9-78)

U.S. DEPT. OF COMM. 1. PUBLICATION OR REPORT NO. BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

SHEET NBSIR 79-1619

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Quality Assurance Program for the NBS C,

Laser Calibration Systems

7. AUTHOR(S)

K, and Q

I, 3. Recipient's Accession No,

5. Publication Date August 1979

$. Organization Code

8. Performing Organ. Report No. W. E. Case

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS /'Task/Work Unit No.

12 .

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON, DC 20234

SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS rSfreer, City, state, ZIP)

11. Contract/Grant No.

13. Type of Report & Period Covered

15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

I I Document describes a computer program; SF-185, FIPS Software Summary, is attached.

16. ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less tactual summary ot most signiticar^t information. It document includes a significant bibliography or

literature survey, mention it here,)

This report is a detailed procedure of how to set up and operate a Measurement Assurance Program (MAP) for a laser power and energy

calibration facility. Items such as traceability, methods of selfchecking measurement consistency, computer documentation and

statistical analysis are discussed.

17, KEY WORDS (six to twelve entries; alphabetical order; capitalize only the first letter of the first key word unless a proper name;

separated by semicolons)

Calorimetry; laser beamsplitter system; laser calibration system;

laser measurements; laser power calibration.

18. AVAILABILITY [X^IUnlimited

I I For Official Distribution. Do Not Release to NTIS

I I Order From Sup. of Doc., U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

20402, SD Stock No. SN003-003-

Order From National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA. 22161

19. SECURITY CLASS 21. NO. OF

(THIS REPORT) PRINTED PAGES

UNCLASSIFIED 102

20. SECURITY CLASS 22. Price (THIS PAGE)

$6.00

UNCLASSIFIED USCOMM-DC

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1979 - 677-096/1206 Reg. 8

I
I