### MONTEREY BAY UNIFIED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT REGULATION IV PROHIBITIONS

12/15/04 Rule 400 (Visible Emissions) 

### 1 **RULE 400 VISIBLE EMISSIONS**

(Adopted July 1, 1969; Revised April 26, 1995, June 1 8, 1997, March 22, 2000, October 15, 2003, and December 15, 2004.)

**CONTENTS**

**PART 1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2**  **1.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2**  **1.2 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2**  **1.3 Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2**  **1.4 Effective Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4**  **1.5 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4** 
**PART 2 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4**  **2.1 Abrasives Certified for Permissible Dry Outdoor Blasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4**  **2.2 Obscurant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4**  **2.3 Opacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5**  **2.4 Ringelmann Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5**  **2.5 Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5**  **2.6 Teepee Burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5**  **PART 3 REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5**  **3.1 General Visible Emission Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5**  **3.2 Industry-Specific Visible Emission Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6**  **PART 4 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7**  **4.1 Test Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7** 

### MONTEREY BAY UNIFIED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT REGULATION IV PROHIBITIONS

12/15/04 Rule 400 (Visible Emissions) 

### 2 **PART 1 GENERAL**
**1.1 Purpose The purpose of this Rule is to provide limits for th**  **e visible emissions from sources within the District.** 
**1.2 Applicability The provisions of this Rule shall apply to all sourc**  **es of air pollutant emissions in the District.** 
**1.3 Exemptions The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to the f**  **ollowing activities: 1.3.1 any open burning performed in compliance with**  **Rule 407 {California Health and Safety Code (HSC) Sections 41704 (a), (b), (c), and**  **(e)}; 1.3.2 use of any aircraft to distribute seed, fertil**  **izer, insecticides, or other agricultural aids over lands devoted to the growing of crops or**  **raising of fowl or animals {HSC Section 41704 (d)};**  **1.3.3 agricultural operations necessary for the grow ing of crops or raising of fowl or**  **animals {HSC Sections 41704 (g) and (h)}; 1.3.4 the use of visible emission generating equipme**  **nt in training sessions conducted by governmental agencies necessary for certifying p**  **ersons to evaluate visible emissions for compliance with applicable District r**  **ules and regulations {HSC Section 41704 (l)};**  **1.3.5 emissions from vessels using steam boilers dur ing emergency boiler shutdowns**  **for safety reasons, safety and operational tests re quired by governmental**  **agencies, and where maneuvering is required to avoi d hazards {HSC Section**  **41704 (j)}; 1.3.6 emissions from vessels during a breakdown cond**  **ition, as long as the discharge is reported in accordance with District requirements {**  **HSC Section 41704 (k)};**

### MONTEREY BAY UNIFIED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT REGULATION IV PROHIBITIONS

12/15/04 Rule 400 (Visible Emissions) 

### 3 **1.3.7 smoke emissions from teepee burners during the disposal of forestry and**  **agricultural residues or forestry and agricultural residues with supplementary**  **fossil fuels when the emissions result from the sta rtup or shutdown of the**  **combustion process or from the malfunction of emiss ion control equipment.**  **This exemption does not apply to emissions which exc eed a period or periods of**  **time aggregating more than 30 minutes in any 24 hou r period, nor to emissions**  **which result from the failure to operate and mainta in in good working order any**  **emission control equipment {HSC Section 41704 (m)}; 1.3.8 smoke emissions from burners used to produce e**  **nergy and fired by forestry and agricultural residues with supplementary fossil fue**  **ls when the emissions result from the startup or shutdown of the combustion proc**  **ess or from the malfunction of emission control equipment. This exemption does**  **not apply to emissions which exceed a period or periods of time aggregatin**  **g more than 30 minutes in any 24 hour period, nor to emissions which result f**  **rom the failure to operate and maintain in good working order any emission control**  **equipment {HSC Section 41704 (n)};**  **1.3.9 emissions from methanol fuel manufacturing pla nts which manufacture not more**  **than 2,000,000 gallons of methanol fuel per day fro m wood, agricultural waste,**  **natural gas, or coke (exclusive of petroleum coke). As used in this Subsection,**  **"manufacturing plant" includes all necessary suppor t systems, including field**  **operations equipment that provide feedstock. Howev er, this exemption shall be**  **available to only one methanol fuel manufacturing p lant in the District, and is**  **effective only when the District is designated as a n "attainment area" pursuant to**  **the Federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. Sec. 7401** et seq **.) This exemption shall remain in effect with respect to a plant until five**  **years after construction of the plant and shall have no force and effect with respe**  **ct to the plant on and after that date {HSC Section 41704 (o)};**  **1.3.10 the use of an obscurant for the purposes of t raining military personnel and the** 

**testing of military equipment by the United States Department of Defense on**  **any military reservation {HSC Section 41704 (p)}; 1.3.11 wet plumes where the presence of uncombined w**  **ater is the only reason for the**

**failure of an emission to meet the limitations of S ection 3.1 of this Rule. The**  **burden of proof which establishes the application o f this exemption shall be**  **upon the person seeking to benefit from its provisi ons;**  **1.3.12 the use of an orchard, field crop, or citrus grove heater which does not** 

**produce unconsumed solid carbonaceous material at a rate in excess of that**  **allowed by State law, which is 1 gram per minute of unconsumed solid** 

### MONTEREY BAY UNIFIED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT REGULATION IV PROHIBITIONS

12/15/04 Rule 400 (Visible Emissions) 

### 4 **carbonaceous material. {HSC Sections 41860 and 417 04 (f)}** 

**1.4 Effective Dates This Rule, as most recently revised, is effective on**  **December 15, 2004.**

**1.5 References 1.5.1 The requirements of this Rule arise from the pr**  **ovisions of: California Health & Safety Code Sections 39043.5, 41701.5, 41701.6 ,417**  **04 and 41860; Title 17 Section 92000**  et seq **. of the California Code of Regulations, and the Co de of**  **Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 60, Part 61, and Par t 63.**  **1.5.2 Other related rules include: Rule 407 (Open Ou tdoor Fires), Rule 403**  **(Particulate Matter), Rule 404 (Sulfur Compounds an d Nitrogen Oxides), Rule**  **423 (New Source Performance Standards), and Rule 42 4 (National Emission**  **Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants).**

**PART 2 DEFINITIONS**
**2.1 Abrasives Certified for Permissible Dry Outdoor Blasting**  **The abrasive blasting material defined in Title 17 of the California Code of**  **Regulations Sections 92000** et seq

**.**
**2.2 Obscurant Fog oil released into the atmosphere during militar**  **y exercises which produces a smoke screen designed to eliminate the detection of**  **persons or objects by visual or electronic means of observation within a localized**  **area. {HSC Section 39043.5}**

**2.3 Opacity**

### MONTEREY BAY UNIFIED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT REGULATION IV PROHIBITIONS

12/15/04 Rule 400 (Visible Emissions) 

### 5 **The degree to which light is prevented from passing through an emission plume. Its**  **measure is expressed as one (1.0) minus the optical transmittance of a smoke**  **plume, screen target, etc. as determined by the tes t methods**  **in Section 4.1 below. Dark plumes are expressed as numbers 1 through 5 on**  **the Ringelmann chart, while light plumes are expressed as equivalent percentage**  **s. Thus, Ringelmann 1 corresponds to 20% opacity, Ringelmann 2 correspond**  **s to 40% opacity, Ringelmann 3 to 60% opacity, Ringelmann 4 to 80% op**  **acity, and Ringelmann 5 corresponds to 100% opacity.** 
**2.4 Ringelmann Chart The chart used to designate shades of darkness of em**  **issions as published by the United States Bureau of Mines.** 
**2.5 Startup The period of time, as defined by District permit, w**  **hen a gas turbine goes from a non-operational to a fully operational state.** 
**2.6 Teepee Burner A conical shaped device used to burn flammable fore**  **stry and agricultural product waste material in an enclosed fixture effective in**  **preventing the spread of sparks or fire, situated in an area cleared of grass, grain,**  **brush, slash, litter, and snags for a distance of 100 feet surrounding the device or by l**  **andfill or other methods which meet applicable state and local fire safety, air, a** **nd water quality standards. A burn permit pursuant to Rule 407 must be obtained for us**  **e of such device.**

**PART 3 REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS**

**3.1 General Visible Emission Limitations A person shall not discharge into the atmosphere fr**  **om any emission source whatsoever any air contaminant for a period or peri**  **ods aggregating more than three minutes in any one hour, which is as observed using** **the appropriate test method referenced in Section 4.1:** 

### MONTEREY BAY UNIFIED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT REGULATION IV PROHIBITIONS

12/15/04 Rule 400 (Visible Emissions) 

### 6 **3.1.1 as dark or darker in shade as that designated as No. 1 on the Ringelmann** 

**Chart, as published by the United States Bureau of Mines; or**  **3.1.2 of such opacity as to obscure an observer's vi ew to a degree equal to or**  **greater than does smoke described in Subsection 3.1 .1 above.** 
**3.2 Industry-Specific Visible Emission Limitations 3.2.1 Abrasive Blasting** 

**Notwithstanding the requirements of Subsection 3.1 above, abrasive**  **blasting operations shall not exceed visible emissi ons limits set by**  **Sections 92000** et seq. **of Title 17 of the California Code of Regulations, which are 20% opacity for indoor operations using n**  **on-certified abrasive blasting material and 40% opacity for more**  **than 3 minutes in any hour for outdoor operations using the following** **methods: wet abrasive blasting, hydroblasting, vacuum blasting,**  **or abrasives certified for permissible dry outdoor blasting.**  **3.2.2 Drinking Water Systems**

**Notwithstanding the requirements of Section 3.1, em issions of visible**  **smoke from any diesel auxiliary engine or generator used exclusively to**  **operate a drinking water system shall not exceed Ri ngelmann 2, when**  **operated under emergency circumstances, or operated not more than 30**  **minutes each week, or two hours each month, under n on-emergency**  **circumstances. {HSC Section 41701.6} 3.2.3 Gas Turbines** 

**Notwithstanding the requirements of Section 3.1, vi sible emissions from**  **gas-fired combustion turbines may exceed Ringelmann 1 during startup,**  **provided that visible emissions during such startup s shall not exceed**  **Ringelmann 2 (or equivalent 40% opacity) for a peri od or periods**  **aggregating more than three minutes in any one hour**

**. 3.2.4 Pile Drivers** 

**Notwithstanding the requirements of Section 3.1, pi le driver operations**  **shall not exceed the visible emission limits set by Health and Safety**  **Code Sections 41701.5, which are Ringelmann 1 for n o more than 4** 

### MONTEREY BAY UNIFIED AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT REGULATION IV PROHIBITIONS

12/15/04 Rule 400 (Visible Emissions) 

### 7 **minutes per pile, or Ringelmann 2 for no more than 4 minutes per pile if**  **operating on kerosene, smoke suppressing additives and synthetic**  **lubricating oil. 3.2.5 Federally Regulated Industries** 

**In addition to the general visible emission limits of Section 3.1 above,**  **industries subject to any visible emission limit co dified in 40 CFR Part**  **60, 40 CFR Part 61, or 40 CFR Part 63 shall comply with those limits.**  **For reference, District Rules 423 (New Source Perfo rmance Standards)**  **and 424 (National Emission Standards for Hazardous A ir Pollutants)**  **include lists of the industry-specific standards wh ich have been**  **promulgated in 40 CFR Parts 60 and 61 respectively.**

**PART 4 ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS**

**4.1 Test Methods 4.1.1 Except for any visible emission limits codified**  **in 40 CFR Part 60, 40 CFR Part 61, or 40 CFR Part 63, all visible emissions d**  **eterminations shall be in accordance with EPA Method 9 (Visual Determination o**  **f the Opacity of Emissions from Stationary Sources) except for the da** **ta reduction procedures. Data reduction shall consist of counting the number**  **of observations above the applicable standard and multiplying that number by**  **0.25 to determine the minutes of emissions above an applicable standard.**  **4.1.2 Visible emissions for any visible emission lim it codified in 40 CFR Part 60,**  **40 CFR Part 61, or 40 CFR Part 63 shall be observed in accordance with the**  **observation procedure contained within EPA Method 9 or Method 22 (Visual**  **Determination of Fugitive Emissions from Material So urces and Smoke**  **Emissions from Flares), as applicable, codified as A ppendix A of 40 CFR Part**  **60.** *** * * * ***