# U ni te d S ta te s Co ur t of A pp ea ls For the Eig hth Circu it

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__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ Je su s Pa rad a-Ca st ro

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Peti ti on er

v.

Je ffer so n B . Ses si on s, II I

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Resp on de nt

__ __ __ __ __ __ Pet it io n fo r Rev ie w of a n Ord er o f th e Bo ard of I m

m ig rat io n Ap pe al s

__ __ __ __ __ __ Su bm it te d: Marc h 1 9, 2 01 8 Fi le d: Marc h 2 8, 2 01 8 [Un pu bl is he d]

__ __ __ __ __ __ Befo re BENTON, MURPHY, an d KELLY, Circ ui t J ud ge s.

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PER CURI AM.

Mex ic an ci ti zen Je su s Para da -Cas tro pe ti ti on s fo r rev ie w of an or de r of th e Bo ard of Im

m ig rat io n App eal s (BIA), di sm is si ng hi s ap pe al fro m th e de ci si on of an im m ig rat io n jud ge (IJ ) de nyin g hi m as y lu m , wit hh ol di ng of rem ov al , an d rel ie f un de r th e Co nv en ti on Aga in st Tort ur e (CAT). Para da -Cas tro cl ai m s th e B IA erre d (1 ) in fin di ng th at th e IJ ’s fact ua l erro rs di d no t de pr iv e hi m of du e pr oc es s, an d in al lo win ga si ng le BIA m em be r to rev ie w hi s cas e; (2 ) in up ho ld in g th e IJ ’s fin di ng th at he di d

no t es ta bl is h a ne xu s be twee n hi s fear ed h arm an d hi s pr op os ed pa rti cu la r so ci al
gr ou p; (3 ) in up ho ld in g th e IJ ’s f i n d i ng th at he co ul d reas on ab ly rel oc at e wit hi n Mex ic o t o a vo id hi s fe ared ha rm ; an d (4 ) in up ho ld in g t he de ni al of C AT reli ef.

Para da -C as tr o’ s fi rs t due -p ro ce ss arg um en t is m is di rect ed , as th is co ur t rev ie ws th e IJ ’s de ci si on on ly to th e ex te nt th e BIA ado pt ed th e IJ ’s fin di ng s an d reas on in g,

an d he re, th e BIA di d no t ad op t th e fin di ng s t h a t Para da -Cas tro id en ti fie d as

erro ne ou s, bu t in st ead co nd uc te d an in de pe nd en t rev ie w of th e reco rd an d cor rect ly

se t fo rth th e fact s up on whi ch it ba se d it s de te rm in at io n. See Alv a-Are ll an o v. Ly nc h, 81 1 F .3d 10 64 , 10 66 (8 th Ci r. 20 16 ) (to es ta bl is h t ha t re m ov al he ari ng ha s v io la te d du e pr oc es s, al ie n m

us t de m on st rat e bo th fu nd am en ta l pr oc ed ur al erro r an d
pr ejud ic e); Iy am

ba v. I.N.S., 24 4 F.3d 60 6, 60 7 (8 th Ci r. 20 01 ) (p er cu ria m ) (wh ere BIA co nd uc ts in de pe nd en t rev ie w of IJ ’s f i n d in gs , ap pe ll at e rev ie w is of BIA de ci si on ). Para da -Cas tr o ’s se co nd du e-p ro ces s co nt en ti on --al le gi ng BIA erro r in al lo win g a si ng le BIA m em be r to rev ie w h is cas e--i s no t su bjec t to jud ic ia l re vi ew. Cf. Ngu re v. Ash c r o f

t , 3 6 7 F.3 d 97 5, 98 3 (8 th Ci r. 20 04 ) (co nc lu di ng th at BIA’s de ci s i o n whe th er to em

pl oy si ng le -m em

be r “ affi rm wit ho ut op in io n” pr oc ed ur e in
pa rti cu la r cas e is co m

m it te d to ag en cy ’s di sc ret io n an d no t su bjec t to jud ic ia l rev ie w). Acco rd in gl y , th is co ur t co nc lu de s t ha t Pa rad a-Ca st ro ha s fa il ed to de m on st rat e th at he was pr ejud ic ed by an y fu nd am en ta l pr oc ed ur al erro r. See Alv a-Are ll an o, 81 1 F.3 d
at 10 66

.

Upo n car ef

ul co nside rat io n of Para da -Cas tro ’s rem ai ni ng arg um en ts , th is co ur t

co nc lu de s th at su bs ta nt ia l ev id en ce su pp or ts th e ag en cy ’s de te rm in at io n th at he was

no t en ti tl ed to as y lu m or wit hh ol di ng of rem ov al du e to p e r s e c ut io n, or a well

fo un de d fear of fu tu re pe rs ecu ti on , on acco un t of a pr ot ect ed gr ou nd

. See De Cas tro

G u t i e r r e z v. Hol de r, 71 3 F.3 d 37 5, 37 9 (8 th Ci r. 20 13 ) (s ta nd ard of rev ie w) ; Gut ie rrez -Vid al v. Hol de r, 70 9 F.3 d 72 8, 73 2 (8 th Ci r. 20 13 ) (as y lu m req ui rem en ts ); Ngu re, 36 7 F.3 d at 98 9 (s ho win g req ui red fo r wit hh ol di ng of rem ov al is ev en hi gh er

-2

-th an as y lu m ’s “ well -fo un de d fe a r ” s ta nd ard ). Fu rth er, su bs ta nt ia l ev id en ce al so

su pp or ts th e ag en cy ’s de ni al of CAT rel ie f. See De Cas tro -Gu ti erre z, 71 3 F.3 d at 38 1 (req ui rem en ts for pro te ct io n u nd er CAT).

The pe ti ti on is de ni ed . See 8 th Cir . R. 47 B.

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