Geology and 

Coal Resources of 

the Henry etta Mining 

District, Okmulgee 

County, Oklahoma

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1015-F

Geology and 

Coal Resources of 

the Henryetta Mining 

District, Okmulgee 

County, Oklahoma

By R. J. DUNHAM and J. V. A. TRUMBULL

A CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1015-F

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1955
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

Douglas McKay, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

W. E. Wrather, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office 

Washington 25, D. C. Price fl.OO (paper cover)
CONTENTS

	Page 

Abstract__------_.___--_--__--_-__--_-_--._._----___ _ 183

Introduction-.-.._________________________________________________ 183

Previous publications_________________________________________ 184

Acknowledgments _____________________________________________ 184

Geography______________________________________________________ 185

Stratigraphy.._______________________________ _____________________ 185

Senora formation______________________________________________ 186

Calvin sandstone_______________________________________________ 188

Structure_.._.__.__._________________________... 190

Henry etta-Schulter anticline ____________________________________ 190

Other structural features.______________________________________ 193

<3o_a_________________-______ ----------------_---_-----------_-- 194

Henryetta coal bed.___________________________________________ 194

Morris coal bed________-______________________________________ 197

Other coal beds_______________________________________________ 198

Characteristics._______________________________________________ 198

Uses_________________________________________..____-_-____.___ 202

Production. ___________._______________________ 203

Reserves._______________________________________.____-___-. 207

Strippable coal--__-___________________________________________ 211

Oil and gas.____________________________________ 212

Other mineral resources______________________________________-____- 212

Selected-5'measured se<afcUras_______________________________________ 213

References cited.__________________________________________________ 223

Index______________._..__.-____________________-__-._-_-_-- 225

ILLUSTRATIONS

{AD plates in pocket]

PLATE 21. Geologic map and cross sections of the Henryetta mining district, 

Okmulgee County, Okla.

22. Generalized south-north stratigraphic diagram.

23. Map of Henryetta and Morris coal beds showing thickness and 

extent of mining.

24. Graphic sections of the Henryetta and Morris coal beds.

nx
IV CONTENTS

Page

FIGURE 29. Index map showing area investigated and extent of coalbearing rocks in Oklahoma______________-___-___-_____ 185

30. Percentage of ash in Henryetta coal in the Henryetta coal

field__________-______________...__.__ 199

31. Percentage of sulfur in Henryetta coal in the Henryetta coal

field. ________________________-_-___-_-__-__-_.._-_-_ 202

32. Coal-production data for the Henryetta mining district,

1902-51-.______.__._____-_.____-_____..__ 206

TABLES

Page 

TABLE 1. Description of mines________-_________-_--___-_-__-___ 200

2. Analyses of mine samples of the Henryetta coal bed._______ 204

3. Estimated remaining reserves in the Henryetta and Morris coal

beds as of January 1, 1952__________________ 208
A CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

GEOLOGY AND GOAL RESOURCES OF THE HENRYETTA 

MINING DISTRICT, OKMULGEE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA

By R. J. DUNHAM and J. V. A. TRUMBULL

ABSTRACT

The mapped area of the Henryetta mining district includes about 168 square 

miles in Okmulgee County in the east-central part of Oklahoma. The rocks in 

this district consist of sandstone, silty shale, and shale, and are divided into the 

Senora formation and the overlying Calvin sandstone of Pennsylvanian age.

Coal occurs in the Senora formation in two minable beds: the Morris bed and 

the overlying Henryetta bed. The Morris bed averages about 16 inches in thickness. Mining of this bed has been restricted for the most part to strip mining in 

the northeastern section of the mapped area, where the strata have a gentle 

westward dip of about 1 degree. The Henryetta coal bed averages about 25 to 

36 inches in thickness and has been mined extensively to the east, west, and south 

of the north-trending Henryetta-Schulter anticline, the only important structural 

feature in the district. Although this anticline is locally faulted, displacements 

of the faults are small. At present, the large operating coal mines are on the 

western side of the anticline.

The coal in the Henryetta and Morris beds is of high volatile A and B bituminous 

ranks. Coal from the Henryetta bed was being used in 1952 in blends for the 

manufacture of coke at the Sheffield steel plant at Houston, Tex.

The total remaining coal reserves in the Henryetta district are estimated to be 

275 million tons. Of this total, 271 million tons is in the Henryetta bed and 4 

million tons is in the Morris bed.

INTBODUCTION

In the course of re-estimating the coal reserves of the State of 

Oklahoma, the U. S. Geological Survey and the Oklahoma Geological Survey recognized the need for a detailed investigation of the 

Henryetta coal bed hi southern Okmulgee County in the vicinity of 

the town of Henryetta, the center of one of the most productive coalmining districts in the State. The resulting investigation had as important associated objectives the determination of whether the coal 

mined at Morris, a town 13 miles to the northeast, should be correlated 

with the Henryetta coal bed, and whether the area contains any other 

beds of minable coal.

183
184 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

Field work extended over a period of 4 months in the summer and 

fall of 1951, and additional field work occupied about 2 weeks in the 

spring of 1952. Aerial photographs at the scale of 1 : 20,000 were 

studied stereoscopically in the office and in the field, and field data 

were recorded directly upon them. The geologic data, drainage, and 

culture on the photographs were assembled by tracing them directly 

onto transparent cellulose acetate sheets, which were used, together 

with township plats of the Bureau of Land Management, in the final 

compilation of the geologic map. The area is well suited to this method 

of compilation because a rectangular system of section-line roads marks 

the land survey lines clearly, and the topographic relief of most of the 

area is not great enough to cause serious distortion. Stratigraphic 

sections were measured by hand level and tape and by aneroid traverse. 

Mines and mined-out areas were located from company and other mine 

maps and insofar as possible were investigated in the field.

PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS

The geology of the Henryetta area was described by Taff in 1905 in a 

report that dealt mainly with the coal-mining districts to the south, 

but included a small-scale map and brief description of the Henryetta 

coal bed and its outcrop. Clarke and Bauer (1921) and Clarke (1926) 

reported on the geology of Okmulgee County with reference to oil and 

gas. Shannon (1926) presented a summary description of Oklahoma's 

coal resources, in which he included outcrop maps of the Henryetta 

coal bed and the data from six deep-core holes drilled to determine the 

westward extent of the coal.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The writers are indebted to Malcolm C. Oakes of the Oklahoma 

Geological Survey for cooperation throughout the investigation, 

for tracing the Senora formation and the Calvin sandstone from 

their type localities northward into the Henryetta district, and for 

spending several days in field conference. John T. Cole, mining engineer, of Okmulgee, generously provided maps of coal prospect 

openings and mines around Henryetta and Morris, in addition to 

supplying a great deal of background information, particularly about 

mines now abandoned. For other mine maps and data, and particularly for their friendly cooperation, thanks are extended to M. A. 

Berman, Starr Coal Co.; Gene Taylor and Ned Wilson, BenHur Coal Co.; 

Fred Steckelberg, Atlas Coal Corp.; S. E. Grafe and Frank Whitaker, 

McGinnis and Grafe Coal Co.; Cecil Arnold and Fred Burkhardt, 

Sinclair Coal Co.; and John M. Malloy, chief mine inspector, State of 

Oklahoma.
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 185

GEOGRAPHY

The mapped area lies in east-central Oklahoma about 45 miles 

south of Tulsa (fig. 29). It includes 168 square miles lying largely in 

southern Okmulgee County, but including, in its southeastern corner, 

4 square miles of Mclntosh County (pi. 21). Altitudes range from a 

little less than 600 feet in Deep Fork valley, which receives the runoff 

from most of the area, to a little more than 900 feet on the hills in the 

southwestern part of the area. The broad alluvial plain of Deep Fork 

separates the moderately hilly land in the southwest from the flat or 

gently rolling land in the northeast.

The largest town in the area is Okmulgee, the former capital of the 

Creek Indian Nation and present-day county seat, which had in 1950

L ____.

EXPLANATION

Area covered in this report

Coal-bearing rocks

100 Miles

FIOTJKB 29. Index map showing area investigated and extent of coal-bearing rocks in Oklahoma.

a population of 18,317. Henryetta, the next largest town, had in the 

same year a population of 7,987. Morris, the third largest town, with 

a 1950 population of 1,122, was a center of large-scale strip mining 

until operations were abandoned in 1951. The St. Louis-San Francisco; the Kansas, Oklahoma & Gulf; and the Okmulgee Northern 

railroads serve the area, together with 3 paved highways, U. S. Koutes 

62, 75, and 266. Many improved dirt roads provide easy access to all

parts of the area.

STRATIGRAPHY

The rocks exposed at the surface in the Henryetta district are ol 

Pennsylvanian age, and are correlated with a part of the Des Moines 

sequence of Kansas and Iowa. They have been divided into the 

Senora formation and the overlying Calvin sandstone, both of which 

consist largely of shale, silty shale, and fine-grained and very finegrained sandstone. Coal is found only in the Senora formation. The 

sandstone beds are rather well exposed and are expressed in the
186 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

topography by cuestas and stony ledges overlooking shale prairies; 

and valleys. The distribution of sandstone is shown on the geologic 

map (pi. 21). The stratigraphic diagram, plate 22, illustrates the 

interrelations of the rock units, and shows the relative positions of 

sections measured during the field work.

Taff (1901, p. 4) named and first described the Senora formation 

and the Calvin sandstone in his report on the Coalgate quadrangle. 

He did not designate type localities, but presumably the former was 

named for the long-abandoned village of Senora in the SEKSE^ sec. 

22, T. 11 N., R. 13 E., Okmulgee County, and the latter for the town 

of Calvin in the Coalgate quadrangle.

The bedrock is obscured over large areas by Recent alluvium, as 

much as 40 feet thick in the SW^SE^ sec. 16, T. 13 N., R. 13 E, and 

by terrace deposits of well-sorted quartz sand. The terrace deposits 

probably are also of Quaternary age, and may have been deposited 

in part by the wind.

SENORA FORMATION

The complete thickness of the Senora formation in the Henryetta 

area is unknown. Qakes, who traced the basal contact northward 

from the Canadian River, found that the lower part of the formation 

crops out east of the mapped area, and studies of well logs and drill 

cuttings have not allowed its separation hi subsurface from the similar 

rocks below. The part that crops out in the area ranges in thickness 

from 740 feet in the south to about 400 feet in the north. Taif (1901, 

p. 4), working 27 miles to the south in the Coalgate quadrangle, 

found that the Senora formation, instead of thinning northward, thins 

southwestward from 500 feet to 150 feet. The maximum thickness 

of the formation thus would seem to lie between the two areas.

Taff described the Senora formation as being composed of a lower 

sandstone and an upper shale. No such characterization can be 

applied to the area of the present investigation. Here, except for the 

area north of the latitude of Schulter, the Senora formation is a monotonous sequence of sandstone regularly alternated with thicker beds 

of shale and silty shale, the sandstone to shale ratio being almost 1:4,

North of the latitude of Schulter the two sandstones next above the 

Henryetta coal bed and the two next below it thicken and coalesce 

to form a mass of current-marked sandstone about 200 feet thick, 

through the middle of which passes a zone of highly carbonaceous shaly 

sandstone equivalent to the Henryetta coal. (See pi. 22.) The outcrop of the coalesced mass is centered in sec. 35, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., 

and covers 5 square miles. At this latitude the Senora sandstone 

to shale ratio is almost 1:1. Farther to the north all the sandstone 

mapped in the Senora formation changes abruptly to shale and silty
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 187

shale. None of the sandstone beds recognized in the south extends 

north of Morris more than a mile. (See pi. 21.)

The sandstone in the mapped part of the Senora formation is 

commonly crossbedded and ripple marked and locally contains many 

fossil plant remains, many of which are casts of pieces of scale-trees 

the size of stovewood. As a general rule, the grains making up the 

sandstone are appreciably finer than those of the Calvin sandstone, 

falling in the "very fine" division of the Went worth scale. These 

sandstone beds of the Senora formation grade laterally and vertically 

into silty shale, which is generally micaceous, commonly sandy and 

carbonaceous, and in many exposures ripple marked. In the spillway 

below the Lake Henryetta dam, well-developed ripple marks are 

excellently exposed in the silty shale below the horizon of the Morris 

coal. The nonsilty or clay shale of the mapped area is gray, locally 

calcareous, and generally contains nodules and stringers of sideritic 

ironstone distributed along bedding planes. The few beds of limestone found in the Senora formation are thin and very shaly, and 

bear an abundance of marine fossils.

Many of the stratigraphic sections which were measured during the 

field work are printed at the end of this report, and much of the 

Senora formation is described in greater lithologio detail there.

About 200 feet below the base of the lower continuous sandstone 

of the Calvin sandstone is the Henryetta coal bed, which is by far 

the thicker, more extensive, and more valuable of the two minable 

coal beds in the area. Its outcrop extends the length of the mapped 

area (pi. 23), but through the sandstone mass in the southeast corner 

of T. 13 N., R. 13 E., it is present only as a 4-foot bed of very carbonaceous shaly sandstone. Immediately to the :aorth and south of 

this sandstone mass the coal is too impure to be mined profitably, 

but further south, in the area where it has been extensively mined 

by underground methods in the general vicinity of Henryetta and 

Schulter, it averages 36 inches in thickness and has few or no partings. 

Through most of this mining area the coal is overlain by gray clay 

shale, but northward from Coalton the shale becomes increasingly 

silty and sandy. Northward from the sandstone mass, the Henryetta 

coal again becomes of minable purity, and where it has been strip 

mined, from the south side of sec. 14, T. 13 N., R. 13 E. northward 

to a point 1 mile beyond the north boundary of the map, it averages 

25 inches in thickness and has an overburden of silty shale. About 

50 feet above the Henryetta coal a stringer of coal 2 to 5 inches thick 

was observed at two localities in the northern part of T. 13 N., R. 13 E.

A more detailed description of the nature, distribution, and mining 

of the Henryetta coal bed is given on page 194.

315409 55 2
188 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

A second coal bed has been strip mined near the town of Morris, in 

the northeastern part of the area. This bed averages 16 inches in 

thickness in that area and lies about 125 feet below the Henryetta 

coal. It is designated in this report as the Morris coal bed. Its 

outcrop has been traced to a point 5 miles south of Morris, where 

the interval between it and the overlying Henryetta coal has increased 

to about 180 feet. Through this distance its thickness changes 

erratically, ranging from 2 to 15 inches and even to 36 inches hi one 

extremely small area (see pis. 23 and 24, section nos. 96-114). The 

Morris coal bed is underlain by silty and sandy shale, and is overlain 

by clay shale, though in a few localities a few niches of silty limestone 

intervene immediately above the coal. A coal stringer from % to 5 

inches thick, overlying 4 feet of shale containing thin lenses of coal, 

is exposed north of Lake Henryetta in the southern part of the area. 

It lies about 200 feet below the Henryetta coal bed, and since it is 

in the stratigraphic position of the Morris coal, it is considered to 

be an extension of that bed.

The nature, extent, and mining of the Morris coal bed is discussed 

in more detail on page 197.

The presence of marine fossils, plant remains, coal, and currentmarked sandstone beds of irregular thickness and extent suggests 

that the Senora formation was deposited in coastal swamps, deltas, 

and near-shore waters of a shallow sea, the margin of which migrated 

back and forth across the bordering lowland. The 200-foot mass of 

current-marked sandstone between Schulter and Morris seems to 

indicate strongly the existence there in Pennsylvanian time of a 

delta.

CALVIN SANDSTONE

Taff (1901, p. 4) described the Calvin sandstone in the Coalgate 

quadrangle as a deposit'of massive and thin-bedded sandstone thinning southwestward from 240 feet to 140 feet and containing some 

shaly beds hi the upper part. In the area of the present investigation, 

the formation is divisible into three parts: an upper sandstone; a lower 

sandstone, which intertongues with the underlying Senora formation; 

and a middle shale. Excluding the intertdnguing part, the Calvin 

sandstone maintains a fairly uniform thickness of about 200 feet as 

far north as Schulter, beyond which the middle shale thins until at 

Okmulgee the formation is but 100 feet thick. The sandstone units 

are very prominent in the topography south of Okmulgee, but northward they become shaly and their outcrop is difficult to distinguish 

from that of the middle shale or the shale in the Senora formation.

The upper sandstone ranges in thickness from 40 to 50 feet and, 

though somewhat changeable, is the most lithologically uniform and
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 189

topographically resistant unit in the mapped area. It is light yellowbrown, generally massive, and fine grained. The middle shale ranges 

in thickness from 140 feet to 24 feet. It is gray and generally free of 

silt and sand grains, and locally contains as many as three 1-foot 

beds of hard crystalline limestone carrying numerous pelecypods, 

brachiopods, and other fossils. The limestone beds are lenticular 

and cannot be correlated from hill to hill. The lower sandstone ranges 

in thickness from 15 feet to 80 feet, exclusive of the tongue at the base. 

For the most part, the lower sandstone, like the upper, is light yellowbrown and generally massive, resistant, and fine grained; in some 

places, however, it is shaly, weak, and very fines grained, like that in 

the Senora formation, and exhibits plant impressions. Details of the 

lithology of the Calvin sandstone are given in measured sections 

nos. 5 and 11, and in the upper parts of nos. 30 and 44, at the end 

of this report.

The massive, relatively coarse-grained phase of the lower sandstone 

of the Calvin locally exhibits intricately contorted bedding planes. 

The contortions are probably due to movements induced by gravity 

while the sand deposit was still loose and filled with water. Presentday quicksand "flows" in the same manner. Upon weathering, the 

contorted bodies of sandstone break along bedding planes and produce a litter of strongly curved plates several feet in diameter. The 

sandstone plates are particularly well exposed on top of the hill immediately northwest of Coalton, and contorted sandstone in place is 

excellently exposed on the cliffs near the south quarter corner of 

sec. 32, T. 12 N., R. 13 E.

Between the town of Henryetta and Deep Fork, a long tongue 

(shown as unit la on pi. 22) about 15 feet thick projects northward 

from the lower sandstone of the Calvin down into the shale of the 

Senora formation. The shale separating the tongue from the rest of 

the Calvin sar.dstone is thin south of the latitude of Coalton and 

could reasonably be left unmapped. But northward from Coalton 

the shale thickens and the tongue rapidly descends in the section, 

until in sec. 10 r T. 12 N., R. 13 E., the shale is about 120 feet thick 

and the tongue is but 70 feet above the Henryetta coal bed, a descent 

of 100 feet in 3 miles. The rocks are sufficiently well exposed so that 

the intertonguiag is convincingly demonstrated. This is particularly 

true on the dip-slope hill northwest of Coalton. At the top of the dip 

slope the tongue is 170 feet above the coal, and at the bottom of the 

dip slope, in sec. 17, T. 12 N., R. 13 E., at the Sun mine, the tongue 

is about 100 feet above the coal.

At these northern localities the tongue occurs on about the same 

stratigraphic le^el as the uppermost part of the sandstone mass in the 

Senora formation on the north side of Deep Fork. Silty and sandy
190 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

shale, laterally gradational with the sandstone mass, join the tongue 

to the underlying sandstone of the Senora formation on the south side 

of Deep Fork. Both of these facts suggest that the basal tongue of 

the Calvin sandstone is continuous with the sandstone mass in the 

Senora formation; however, Quaternary alluvium and terrace deposits 

obscure the bedrock in the critical area. For convenience in mapping, 

the tongue is shown to pinch out beneath the alluvium of Deep Fork.

It is evident from the intertonguing of the two formations that part 

of the upper shale of the Senora formation and part of the lower 

Calvin sandstone were deposited contemporaneously. At no place in 

the area of investigation is there evidence of an erosional or nondepositional break between the two formations, nor have they been reported 

by workers in other areas.

The Calvin sandstone underlies the Wetumka shale. The contact 

was examined only at the excellent exposure hi Okmulgee Creek, just 

north of the south quarter section corner of sec. 6, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., 

where it appears conformable. The presence in the Calvin sandstone 

of both plant impressions and marine limestones suggests that the 

nearshore environment of the Senora continued during the deposition 

of the Calvin. The scarcity of plant impressions and the absence of 

coal suggest further that the influence of the sea dominated deposition 

more strongly than before.

STRUCTURE

Considered regionally, the rocks on the surface in this part of 

Oklahoma strike about 15° east of north and dip about 1° toward the 

west. This gentle westward dip is interrupted in the mapped area by 

only a few structural features, of which the Henryetta-Schulter anticline is by far the most important. Only those measurements that 

show deviation from the regional dip have been shown by symbols 

on the geologic map.

HENRYETTA-SCHULTER ANTICLINE

The structural feature most important to coal miners is a locally 

faulted, asymmetric anticlinal flexure that extends through T. 12 

N., R. 13 E., from Henryetta to Schulter, and changes the elevation 

of the coal a maximum amount of 135 feet in an east-west distance of 

less than half a mile. Shannon (1926, p. 38 and pi. 22) proposed the 

name "Henryetta anticline" for the flexure, but Clarke (1926, p. 9) 

referred to it later as the "Schulter anticline." Cole and most of the 

miners follow Clarke's usage. The two names have been linked in 

this report.

The flexure is expressed at the surface by a belt of eastward-dipping 

rocks, 1,000 to 2,500 feet wide, that stretches from the SE# sec. 8,
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 191

T. 12 N., R. 13 E., to the SE% sec. 31. Throughout the belt the rocks 

dip toward the east more steeply than 2°, attaining 25° locally and 

probably averaging about 5°. In several places rather well-defined 

crop lines can be traced part or all the way from the area of normal 

westward dip, :nto and across the belt of reverse dip, then into the 

area of normal westward dip on the opposite side of the flexure. As 

would be expected, the crop lines gradually rise toward the west. 

This is best exhibited by sandstone unit 5 of the Senora formation, 

which rises progressively northwestward from an altitude of about 640 

feet at the Geary and Martin mine in the NE%SW% sec. 32 to about 

690 feet in the gully near the drifts of the Atlas No. 2 mine and the 

Blackstone No. 3 mine in the SE%SE^ sec. 30. From the latter 

location the bed descends northeastward to an altitude of about 650 

feet at the shaft of the abandoned Atlas No. 1 mine in the SW% sec. 29. 

Along both these traverses the sandstone is unfaulted and rather well 

exposed.

The mines near the east side of this belt of eastward dipping rocks 

open the Henryotta coal bed by slopes and shafts 50 to 100 feet deep; 

those at the west side of the belt open the coal by drifts (see pi. 23). 

The only large mines presently active are those on the west side of the 

flexure, and the predecessor of each mined partly or completely across 

the flexure. In sees. 29 and 30, T. 12 N., R. 13 E/, near the southern 

end of the flexure, the workings of the Atlas No. 1 shaft mine extend 

without interruption into those of the Atlas No, 2 drift mine. A 

detailed map of these combined workings, prepared hi 1920 by C. E. 

Schurch, shows that the coal dips smoothly eastward from the drift 

to the shaft, des( ending 60 feet in 2,000 feet. A half mile to the south, 

the Blackstone stope mines, Nos. 1 and 2, mined the eastward-dipping 

coal until they almost merged with, and were abandoned in favor of, 

the No. 3 drift mine. Neither of these operations met with faults 

having displacements of more than a few feet.

In the abandoned Starr (old No. 2) shaft mine in sec. 29, where the 

flexure is most strongly developed, the east dip of the coal increases 

from 3° at the aiaft to 10° 500 feet west of the shaft. Rather than 

mine coal of such steep dip, the operators drilled a series of test holes 

across the flexure and opened the No. 2 drift, where they found the 

coal about 135 feet higher than that in the bottom of the shaft. The 

new mine reached a local, intensely faulted anticline about 2,000 feet 

in from the portal, but mined through it into undisturbed beds, and 

has continued operating without further difficulty.

The abandoned and now inaccessible Whiteheacl No. 4 shaft mine, 

a mile north of the Starr mines, also took coal from the flexure. It is 

said that the coa! in the bottom of the shaft dips 15° toward the east 

and continues to dip in the same direction for 500 feet eastward down
192 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

the main haulageway. Throughout this distance the dip is so steep 

that slope mining methods had to be used.

Northward, the Henryetta-Schulter anticline disappears beneath 

the alluvium of Montezuma Creek and of Deep Fork. At the south 

end of the structure, no east dips are evident on the surface south of 

the hill hi the SEK sec. 31, T. 12 N., R. 13 E., near the north side of 

the city of Henryetta; though the presence of the anticline is reported 

to have been detectable hi now-abandoned mines as far south as the 

southwest corner of the city.

Faults. Many small faults cut the poorly exposed surface rocks 

in the NW& sec. 29 and the SWK sec. 20, T. 12 N., R. 13 E., near the 

Starr mines. A small number of faults having a displacement of a 

few feet were reported to cut the coal in the mines, and others may 

have gone unrecognized in the area that was drilled but not mined, 

and in the area where only shale crops out. The faults observed at 

the surface are evidenced by near-parallel lines of steeply dipping 

small slabs of sandstone that trend generally northward. The 

displacement on these faults cannot be measured, but their lack of 

appreciable offset indicates that they are not much larger than those 

in the mines. Two observations indirectly suggest that most or all 

of the small faults are downthrown on the west, their cumulative 

effect being to decrease the difference in elevation between the two 

sides of the flexure: (1) on the crest of the flexure, the shale between 

sandstone unit 5 of the Senora formation and sandstone unit la of the 

Calvin sandstone appears abnormally thin; and (2) on the east flank, 

where the dip of sandstone unit 5 of the Senora formation is several 

degrees steeper than the slope of the land, the outcrop of this sandstone 

is abnormally wide.

A second group of small faults is shown on the geologic map in the 

vicinity of Schulter. Here the strata in the east limb of the flexure 

dip eastward at an average rate of 8° for a distance, of a quarter of a 

mile. The difference hi elevation between the two sides of the flexure 

is not the 185 feet one would expect from the dip, however, but appears 

to be only about 50 feet. The exposures are not good enough to permit 

reliance on the measurements, though their order of magnitude 

probably is correct. The contradiction is most readily resolved by 

postulating that the flexure is cut by another group of small faults, 

all or most of which are also downthrown on the west. The displacement on a single fault would be so small that the available exposures 

would not allow its recognition, but the cumulative displacement of 

the group would be sufficient to drop the top of the flexure to within 

50 feet of the bottom. That this group of postulated faults does not 

extend far to the south is evidenced by two wells drilled for oil which 

are located 400 feet apart on an east-west line in the NE%NW}4 sec. 20.
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MESTNG DISTRICT 193

Marker beds were 100 feet lower in the east well than in the west, 

which would correspond to an average east dip of 15° over the distance 

between the two wells.

The only other fault observed in the flexure occurs in the SEX sec. 31, 

T. 12 N., R. 13 E., in the trough of a subsidiary fold. It is very 

likely that small faults are present elsewhere in bhe flexure, but they 

could not be recognized in the available exposures.

An alternative explanation of the nature and configuration of the 

Henryetta-Schulter anticline which is accepted by several geologists 

is that it includes a fault with displacement on the order of 100 to 150 

feet, downthrown on the east. If this were true the lower sandstone 

of the Calvin, or its basal tongue, or both, would be found in the downthrown block, and would be present under and outcrop south and east 

of Coalton, where sandstone of the Senora formation unit 6 is shown 

on the geologic map, plate 21. The nature of the occurrence of the 

Henryetta coal as revealed in mine workings, and the stratigraphic 

evidence of the measured sections shown graphically in the generalized 

stratigraphic diagram, plate 22, are the main points which have led 

the writers to reject the interpretation that a large fault is present 

in the area.

OTHER STRUCTURAL FEATURES

A structural terrace about a mile wide and 5 miles long trends 

southwestward through the town of Morris and has resulted in a 

synclinal remnant of the Morris coal bed in the SEX sec. 18, T. 13 N., 

R. 14 E., and an inlier of the same coal bed in sec. 25, T. 13 N., R. 13 E. 

Further evidence of the terrace is seen in the abrupt deflections of the 

outcrop trace of the Morris coal bed in the flat country at Morris, and 

hi the great outcrop width of the interval between the Henryetta 

coal zone and the Morris coal bed in the vicinity of the southeast 

corner of T. 13 N., R. 13 E.

A probably faulted fold containing beds dipping as steeply as 40° 

is exposed in the gully in the SE% sec. 21, T. 12 N., R. 13 E. The 

neighboring rocks are neither faulted nor folded, and it is doubtful 

that the disturbed area exceeds 1,000 feet in diameter.

A second small probably faulted fold occupies a, quarter of a square 

mile on the east side of sec. 36, T. 12 N., R. 12 E. Here too the neighboring rocks are neither faulted nor folded, though the rocks hi the 

disturbed area dip as steeply as 30°. Below ground, this area is encircled by mine workings in which the coal follows the regional dip 

without interruption.

A faulted anticline 350 feet wide and 20 feet high occurs on the west 

side of the Henryetta-Schulter anticline in the Stair No. 2 mine. It 

exhibits five faults, only the largest of which has more than 8 feet of
194 ; CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

displacement. That fault drops the coal 20 feet on its west side and 

dips S. 70° W. at 50°. The faulted anticline is absent in the mines 

nearby.

Other interruptions of the regional dip may be obscured by the 

prevailing lack of distinctive beds and the absence in many places of 

mappable ledges.

COAL

The Henryetta and Morris coal beds in the Senora formation contain all the minable coal near the surface in the investigated area. 

The average thickness of minable coal in the Henryetta bed is 36 

inches in the south and 25 inches in the north, and that in the Morris 

bed is 16 inches. In spite of their thinness, both coal beds are favorable to mining. Overburden, roof, and floor conditions are generally 

good, water and gas do not occur in sufficient quantity to hinder 

underground mining, and, except on the Henryetta-Schulter anticline, 

neither faults nor folds seriously interfere with the gentle westward 

dip.

HENRYETTA COAL BED

The Henryetta coal bed lies from 125 to 200 feet above the level of 

the Morris coal bed and about 200 feet below the base of the lower 

continuous sandstone of the Calvin. (See pis. 22 and 23.) It crops 

out the length of the mapped area under a cover of soil, the over-all 

trend of its outcrop being N. 13° E.

In the middle of the 200-foot coalesced sandstone mass, previously 

described in the stratigraphy of the Senora formation, a zone of very 

coaly sandstone occurs at the stratigraphic position of the Henryetta 

coal bed. This coaly sandstone areally divides the Henryetta coal 

bed into two parts one that is strip mined west of Morris, north of 

the mass, and one that is mined underground around Schulter, Coalton, and Henryetta, south of the mass. The thickness of the bed, distribution of partings, and nature of overburden differ on opposite 

sides of the mass.

South of the sandstone mass the thickness of clean coal in the 

Henryetta coal bed ranges from about 28 inches to the maximum of 

41K inches which was measured in the SW^NE^ sec. 18, T. 12 N., 

R. 13 E.; but in most of the area the bed thickness departs remarkably 

little from an average of 36 inches, and the average thickness of clean 

coal is just a little less. Measured sections of coal taken from the 

Henryetta bed are shown in plate 24, Nos. 1-95. Throughout most 

of the mined area the middle of the bed exhibits a parting which the 

miners call the "middle band." This parting thickens southward 

from a trace at Coal ton to almost 18 inches at the center of the SE}1 

sec. 29, T. 11 N., R. 13 E., and has a thickness of more than 4 inches
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 195

in several of the mines in the southwestern part of the district. The 

decrease in total thickness of clean coal accompanying the thickening 

of the parting did much to bound the southward growth of the mining 

district. The parting is absent in the mines working the east side of 

T. 12 N., R. 12 E., and it is ordinarily absent or too thin to hinder 

mining in the area between Coalton and Schulter. Where the parting 

is thick, it consists of gray shale containing thin laminae of coal and of 

the powdery substance lost in mining called "mother of coal," "mineral charcoal/' or fusain; layers of coal locally an inch or so thick are 

also included. Where thin, the bulk of the parting consists of interbedded fusain and coal. In the immediate vicinity of the sandstone 

mass, in the center of sec. 10, T. 12 N., R. 13 E., coaly shale contaminates all but 17 inches of the Henryetta bed.

The overburden on the Henryetta coal south of the area of influence 

of the sandstone mass consists of a uniform-textured gray shale, 60 to 

100 feet thick, overlain in turn by sandstone. The upper part of the 

shale becomes increasingly silty and sandy northward from Coalton, 

and near the edge of the sandstone mass the overburden is practically 

all sandstone and silty and sandy shale that grades northward into 

sandstone. Intervening between the shale and coal in some places is 

a few inches of coaly shale, which falls when the coal is mined unless 

it is supported. The floor rock ordinarily consists of a few feet of soft 

gray underclay, except in the area bordering the sandstone mass, 

where the floor rock resembles the overburden.

Two reference beds underlie the coal south of the mass. One is a 

resistant bed of sandstone IK to 10 feet below the coal bed and 4 bo 12 

feet thick, designated 5b (pi. 21). The second is a distinctive bed of 

shaly limestone 15 to 30 feet below the coal and 2 to 4 feet thick, which 

contains a great abundance of well-preserved spiny brachiopod shells 

about a half inch in diameter. After being exposed a short time, the 

shells weather out of the bed and form a white rubble that is a reliable 

and prominent guide to the position of the Henryetta coal bed. The 

most easily reached exposure of the limestone is in the railroad cut in 

sec. 4, T. 11 N., R. 13 E., 2 blocks south of the center of the town of 

Dewar. This bed does not extend farther south than Henryetta or 

farther north than Coalton, though an outlier occurs in the hills near 

Wildcat.

North of the coalesced sandstone mass, the thickness of the Henryetta coal bed, including partings, ranges from 50 inches near the east 

quarter-section corner of sec. 11, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., to 23 inches in the 

SWK sec. 1; however, where the bed is 50 inches thick, only 29 inches 

is clean coal. The several points of minimum thickness were measured 

by coal operators in prospecting for strippable areas, and their thick315409 66 3
196 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

ness figures probably include only the minable lower part of the bed, 

the upper part being mostly coaly shale. The average thickness of 

minable coal in this area is 25 inches. The lower part of the bed commonly contains 1 to 3 niches of coaly shale and fusain in 1 to 6 partings 

distributed rather irregularly through the coal. These impurities 

increase greatly hi amount southward toward the sandstone mass, and 

have limited mining in that direction. Near the sandstone mass, 

clean coal occupies only 6 inches of the bed.

The lower 60 to 80 feet of overburden on the coal in this northern 

area is silty and sandy shale, and sandstone that grades northward into 

silty shale. The nearest distinctive beds are the Morris coal bed 125 

to 140 feet below, and the shaly lower sandstone of the Calvin about 

200 feet above, neither of which is prominent in the topography or 

well exposed.

Outside the mapped area the Henryetta coal is known to extend to 

the north, south, and west. It has been extensively stripped in sec. 

31, T. 14 N., R. 14 E., immediately north of the mapped area, where 

the average thickness was 22 inches, and has been thoroughly prospected for a distance of 7 miles farther northeastward along the outcrop. Its average thickness is very nearly 17 inches of clean coal for 

2^ miles of this distance, in sees. 3, 4, 9, 10, and 16, T. 14 N., R. 14 E. 

The land surface there is nearly level and the dip is low; it would thus 

seem to be a favorable site for strip-naming operations in the future. 

Unauthenticated reports of measurements on the outcrop of the Henryetta coal from as much as 6 miles south of the mapped area indicate 

that the bed decreases in thickness and purity in that direction.

West of the Henryetta mining area, 6 diamond drill holes, located 

5 to 8 miles from the outcrop and 1}_ to 4 miles ahead of mining, found 

the coal to be 35 to 39 inches thick. The holes are spaced 1 to 3K miles 

from each other, and form a rough line nearly 9 miles long trending 

about N. 30° E. There is thus no indication of thinning as the coal 

becomes deeper toward the west; and though the many wells drilled in 

that area for oil and gas can be expected to interfere to some extent 

with mining and to reduce over-all recoverability, the almost certain 

presence of many square miles of coal of a thickness probably equal to 

that now being profitably mined is established. Two of these test 

holes are shown as nos. 46 and 47 on the coal map (pi. 23) and in the 

table of graphic coal sections (pi. 24); data on the others, which are 

west of the mapped area, are as follows (from Shannon, 1926, pi. 22):

Coal thickness Depth to coal 

Location (in) (ft. in)

Sec. 17, T. 12 N.,R. 12 E_._,_______________ 35>_ 605 6

Sec.20,T. 12N.,R. 12E_____ ______________ 38}_ 589 9

Sec. 32, T. 12 N., R. 12 E.__._______________ 35 588 6

Sec. 13,T. 12N.,R. 12E________._____--._- 35 630 0
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 197

MORRIS COAL BED

Near Morris two coal beds have been mined in recent years (pi. 23). 

One crops out about 2 miles west of town; it lies on the stratigraphic 

level of the Henryetta coal bed mined at Henryetta, Goal ton, and 

Schulter, and is considered to be an extension of that bed. The 

second, which at Morris lies about 125 feet below the Henryetta coal 

bed, crops out in the immediate vicinity of the town and is designated 

the Morris coal bed in this report.

The mapped outcrop of the Morris coal bed is about 7' miles long, 

and extends from the northern edge of the mapped area (2 miles north 

of Morris) to the hills in sees. 12 and 13, T. 12 N., R. 13 E., northwest 

of the village of Wildcat, where it lies about 180 feet below the Henryetta coal bed. Measured sections of coal from the Morris bed are 

shown in plate 24, Nos. 96-114.

The Morris coal bed overlies a distinctive sequence of silty and 

sandy beds more than 100 feet thick and underlies nongritty shale 

more than 25 feet thick. The beds of sandstone and silty and sandy 

shale are commonly carbonaceous in the upper part and are locally 

separated from the coal by a few feet or inches of underclay. The 

lower part of the nongritty shale above the coal is calcareous, and a 

few feet of shaly limestone commonly intervenes between the coal 

and the shale.

In the area around Morris in the NK T. 13 N., the thickness of the 

Morris coal bed ranges from 12 to 22 inches and averages 16 inches, 

all of which is clean coal. Southward its thickness becomes very 

erratic. This is best illustrated by the excellent exposures in the 

SKNW% sec. 6, T. 12 N., R. 14 E.; there the coal thins southwestward 

in less than 2,000 feet from 36 inches to 2 inches.

Mining has been restricted to the area of fairly uniform thickness 

around Morris, where large scale power-stripping has been successful; 

to small team-stripping pits in the NW#SE#NW% sec. 6, T. 12 N., 

R. 14 E., where the coal reaches its maximum thickness of 36 inches 

in an extremely small area; and to the south quarter-section corner 

of sec. 12, T. 12 N., R. 13 E., near Wildcat, where the thickness is 

15 inches. Minable coal in the Morris coal zone is unknown south 

of Wildcat.

North of Lake Henryetta, in the southern part of the area, a coal 

stringer a few inches thick overlies a 4-foot brown shale containing 

many laminae and thin lenses of coal. The coaly zone occurs between gritty and nongritty beds in the stratigraphic position of the 

Morris coal bed, here 200 feet below the Henryetta coal bed; it consequently is correlated with the coal at Morris and is labeled the 

Morris coal on the maps. (See pis. 21 and 23.)
198 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

OTHER COAL BEDS

The only other coal bed found at the surface is too thin and local 

to be mined. It crops out in a gully 1,000 feet southwest of the center 

of sec. 22, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., where it is but 5 inches thick, and it 

probably correlates with the 2-inch coal bed exposed in the railroad 

cut a short distance northwest of the tipple in the SE% sec. 11, T. 13 

N., R. 13 E. At the latter place this coal is about 50 feet above the 

Henryetta coal bed.

Wells drilled for oil and gas penetrate about 2,000 feet of Pennsylvanian rocks below the Morris coal bed. The fact that these rocks 

are known to bear coal in other parts of Oklahoma suggests the 

possibility that future deep prospect core or churn drilling may 

uncover presently unknown beds of minable coal.

CHARACTERISTICS

The coal of both the Henryetta and the Morris beds consists of 

layers of coal having a vitreous appearance, more numerous layers of 

slightly duller coal, and a few layers of the powdery substance called 

fusain. Most of the layers are elongate lenses less than half an inch 

thick and several feet long. A microscopic study of thin sections of 

the Henryetta coal from the Atlas No. 2 mine (Davis and others, 

1944, p. 17) showed its petrographic composition to be 74 percent 

anthraxylon, 17 percent translucent attritus, 4 percent opaque attritus, 

and 5 percent fusain. Almost all the thin sections contained fine 

particles of pyrite, and nodules and veins of pyrite can be seen in 

fresh exposures of the Henryetta coal beds. Probably most of the 

sulfur observed in chemical analyses is in the pyrite.

Chemical analyses of the Henryetta coal show that its heat value 

ranges from 11,700 to 13,450 Btu, on an as-received basis (table 1); 

an average figure for the Henryetta mining area, south of the Deep 

Fork, is 12,860 Btu. Its rank ranges from high-volatile A bituminous 

to high-volatile B bituminous, though by far the greater part is highvolatile B bituminous. Ash content ranges from 3.9 to 12.0 percent 

and averages 5.8 percent; lines of equal ash content point out that 

the amount of ash in the coal decreases westward downdip (fig. 30). 

The sulfur content of the Henryetta coal ranges from 4.3 percent to 

0.7 percent, and decreases southwestward (fig. 31). It is noteworthy 

that toward the west the coal improves, not only in ash and sulfur 

content, but also in heat value and in thickness.
 GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 199

R. 12 E. R. 13 E.

FIOCEE 30. Percentage of ash in Henryetta coal in the Henryetta coal field (based on data from table 1)

Development of the Morris coal bed has been so recent that no 

analyses of it have been published; however, two analyses, made by a 

commercial laboratory on an as-received basis, of samples from the 

strip mines near Morris are:

Analysis 1 Analysis S 

(percent) (percent)

Moisture.______________________ 4.46 6.49

Volatile matter__________________-- 35.15 35.41

Fixed carbon.____________._._-_-_ 54.75 53.70

Ash__________.__-----_--__..___.._-_ 5.64 4.40

Sulfur__.____._-..._.._.. ___ __-_-_-- 1.41 2.40

_--_---~ ------------------------- 13.325 13.197
TABLE 1. Analyses of mine samples of the Henr

[As received condition. An average for thicknesses, beds and samples, 

Map 

no. 

(pi. 23)

7a 

4b 

7a-c 

7d 

7e 

7f 

7dHT 

8a 

8b 

8a-b 

8c 

8d 

8c-d 

lOa-c 

lOd 

lOe 

lOd-e 

lla-c 

21a 

22a 

22b 

24a-c 

24d 

24e 

24d-e 

31a-b 

41a-c 

41d 

41e 

41d-e 

41f 

41g 

41h 

41f-h 

42a 

42b 

42a-b 

43a-c 

48a-c 

48d

Mine

Victoria. 

Victoria. .. 

Composite, A68380-A68382. ...

"WViifnViaft/1 "NTrt 0

Whitehead No. 2 .

WVHtahaaH MA 9

Composite, A24770-A24771-. 

TMffohnrty TWIHwav XTn 19

Composite, A21775-A21776....

Composite, A21763-A21764....

Atlas No. 2...- ... ...

Atlas No. 2.... .

Atl&s No 2

Composite, A21779-A21780....

Atlas No. 2...... ...... _ 

Atlas No. 2... .. .

Atlas No. 2.---. 

Composite, B60538-B60540-...

StarrNo. 1 

Composite, A21771-A21772....

Starr (old) No. 2.. ...... ........

B. and A _____ . _____

Year 

sampled

1910 

1910 

1928 

1931 

1931 

1931

1926 

1926

1926 

1926

1928 

1926 

1926

1928 

1928 

1904 

1904 

1928 

1926 

1926

1928 

1928 

1926 

1926

1941 

1941 

1941

1926 

1926

1928 

1928 

1926

Thickness 

(inches)

Bed

34H 

 34 

32 

31H 

37H

36 

35H

34 

34

 35 

32 

35

*34 

39H 

38 

35H 

 36 

35 

35

 33 

 35 

37 

40H

37 

35H 

36

37 

34H

*36

 38 

41H

Sample

34 

33Ji 

 31 

26 

29Ji 

31 Ji

33

33H

32 

33

 31 

28 

31

 29 

35Ya 

38 

35Ji 

 36 

35 

35

*28Ji 

 35 

37 

40H

37 

35H 

36

37 

34H

*34H 

 38 

41M

Sample 

number

a 10177 

'10178 

U59 

A68380 

A68381 

A68382 

A68383 

A21767 

A21768 

A21769 

124770 

124771 

124772 

'160 

1A2785 

A21776 

A21777 

i U63 

'165 

»1059 

"1060 

'164 

A21763 

A21764 

A21765 

'158 

'155 

A21779 

A21780 

A21781 

B60538 

B60539 

B60540 

B60541 

A21771 

A21772 

A21773 

'154 

'156 

A21783

Proximate 

Moisture

7.5 

7.1 

7.9 

5.8 

4.9 

5.3 

5.2 

6.3 

6.6 

6.4 

7.0 

7.6 

7.4 

8.5 

8.0 

8.9 

8.4 

8.2 

7.7 

8.9 

6.8 

7.0 

6.4 

6.3 

6.4 

6.5 

7.5 

7.2 

8.4 

7.8 

7.2 

6.9 

6.4 

6.9 

8.2 

7.8 

8.0 

7.6 

6.9 

7.1

Volatiles

32.9 

33.6 

34.2 

33.7 

36.1 

35.4 

35.8 

34.3 

35.0 

34.9 

34.8 

34.7 

35.1 

33.0 

34.4 

34.1 

33.7 

32.1 

34:3 

34.8 

36.3 

34.9 

35.8 

36.8 

36.2 

35.0 

35.0 

34.5 

34.3 

34.0 

33.7 

33.1 

33.6 

33.5 

33.5 

35.4 

33.9 

34.6 

35.2 

35.0

Fixed 

carbon

51.0 

53.1 

52.6 

55.4 

54.6 

54.9 

54.4 

49.9 

52.8 

51.0 

52.8 

52.7 

52.2 

53.5 

53.3 

52.4 

53.3 

54.0 

51.2 

47.7 

51.2 

53.5 

52.8 

52.3 

52.6 

51.3 

52.8 

54.4 

51.8 

53.5 

54.1 

55.1 

55.2 

54.7 

53.5 

52.0 

53.3 

52.9 

49.4 

52.5

Ash

8.6 

6.2 

5.3 

5.1 

4.4 

4.4 

4.6 

9.5 

5.6 

7.7 

5.4 

5.0 

5.3 

5.0 

4.3 

4.6 

4.6 

5.7 

6.8 

8.6 

5.7 

4.6 

5.0 

4.6 

4.8 

7.2 

4.7 

3.9 

5.5 

4.7 

5.0 

4.9 

4.8 

4.9 

4.8 

4.8 

4.8 

4.9 

8.5 

5.4

Sulfur

1.5 

1.5 

1.2 

.9 

1.1 

1.0 

1.0 

1.6 

1.2 

1.3 

1.0 

.7 

.9 

1.4 

.9 

1.0 

1.0 

1.2 

1.9 

1.6 

1.4 

1.1 

1.5 

2.0 

1.7 

3.7 

1.8 

1.6 

2.1 

1.9 

2.4 

1.6 

2.2 

2.1 

1.8 

1.6 

1.7 

2.5 

3.5 

2.4

H
48e

48f

48d-f

61a-b

62 -b

63a-b

84a-b

B. and A ____________

Composite, A21783-A21785 ...

Kincaid No. 2... ....... ......

KincaidNo. 1..,. ....... ....... .

Gaither No. 1.._ . . 

1926

1926

1928

1928

1928

1928

1928

40

4(^

 34

 17

 4fi

 35

 27

40

Aftu;

*35H

 32

 34

*32H

 23

A21784

A21785

A21786

»157

»166

»162

«161

»167

7.1

7.1

fi 0

7.5

7 B

8.6

6.4

7.7

34.0

34.7

34.6

33.6

34 0

31.9

34.9

29.0

52.6

51.5

52.4

50.8

ei Q

53.7

50.9

51.3

6.4

6.7

6.1

8.1

6.4

5.8

7.8

12.0

2.9

2.6

9 7

30

1.6

2.1

3.1

4.2

' Hvab, high-volatile A bituminous; Hvbb, high-volatile B bituminous. The numbers 

in parentheses are a condensed expression of the position of the coal in the scale of rank. 

The parenthesis signifies that the contained numbers are on the mineral-matter-free 

basis; the first number represents fixed carbon on the dry basis, reported to the nearest 

whole percent; and the second number represents Btu on the moist basis, expressed as 

hundreds of Btu (to the nearest hundred). Calculations were made in accordance with 

the approximation formulas, except in a few borderline cases, where the Parr formulas 

were used. (American Society for Testing Materials, Standard Specifications for Classification of Coals by Rank, A. S. T. M. Designation: D 388-38.)

> U. S. Bureau 

16100 were made b

not standard with 

date are not closel

was adopted.

> These analyses 

School of Chemic

Mines of the Sta

Geological Survey

V. C. Searle. All 

having been publ
202 CCHSTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

R. 12 E. R. 13 E.

EXPLANATION

FIGURE 31. Percentage of sulfur in Henryetta coal in the Henryetta coal field (based on data from table 1).

USES

The coal from the area is used by locomotives, industrial plants, 

and, in greatest quantity, by home furnaces. A large part of the 

output is shipped into the St. Louis area, and some reaches points as 

far north as Milwaukee.

Blast-furnace coke. The U. S. Bureau of Mines in 1941, in cooperation with the Oklahoma Geological Survey, investigated the coking 

properties of the Henryetta coal and of various blends of the Henryetta 

coal with small amounts of Hartshorne coal. (See Davis and Reynolds, 1941, and Davis and others, 1944, p. 1-93.) The Henryetta 

coal tested came from the Atlas No. 2 mine, and the Hartshorne coal 

from the Quality mine and the Great Western mine, Sebastian County, 

Ark. Carbonization tests showed that satisfactory blast-furnace 

coke can be made from the Henryetta coal, alone or blended. Results 

of the tests also indicate that the low softening temperature of the ash 

would probably prohibit use of the coke in water-gas generators, and 

the resultant clinkering probably would make it unsuitable for domes-
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 203

tic heating; but neither of these features is a disadvantage for blastfurnace coke. (Davis and Eeynolds, 1941, p. 5.)

The carbonization tests also showed that the high-volatile Henry- 

 etta coal by itself yields a weak coke that is lower hi crushing strength 

than that from the high-volatile Appalachian coals ordinarily used, 

though it is somewhat stronger than the Lower Sunnyside coal of 

Oarbon County, Utah, known to have been used successfully hi blast 

furnaces. The Hartshorne coal, like other low-volatile coals, produces coke of great strength, but can be coked only in the outdated 

beehive-type ovens for its expansion will destroy the walls of modern 

byproduct ovens. When Henryetta and Hartshorne coals are mixed 

hi the proper proportions, however, both these disadvantageous properties are lost. Coke made from a 70:30 or 80:20 blend of Henryetta 

and Hartshorne coals equals hi strength the coke made from similar 

blends of representative eastern coals, and the pressure of its expansion is less than the 2.0 pounds per square inch considered the limit 

for safe operation of byproduct ovens.

Chemically, the eastern coke is superior. The coke from the Henryetta coal, alone and hi blends, contains 1.5 to 1.8 percent sulfur 

more than the 1.3 percent that is the preferred maximum in iron 

smelting, where most blast-furnace coke is used. The sulfur content 

could perhaps be reduced by substituting Henryetta coal that contains less sulfur than the 2.1 percent in the tested sample, or by substituting low-volatile coal that contains less than the 1.1 percent and 

the 0.9 percent in the tested samples of Hartshorne coal. In any 

event, the selection of a coal for coking is determined in part by economic considerations, particularly freight charges, and these may 

outweigh the disadvantages of the slight excess of sulfur. The suitability of the Henryetta coal is demonstrated by the fact that the 

Sheffield Steel plant at Houston, Tex., began blending Henryetta 

coal with low-volatile coal hi 1952 and is producing satisfactory blastfurnace coke in byproduct ovens.

PRODUCTION

A recorded total of 22,224,102 tons of coal, or about 13.8 percent of 

the total recorded production of the State, has been taken from more 

than 57 underground mines and 5 large-scale strip-mining operations 

in the Henryetta and Morris coal beds since mining operations began 

in 1902. Production figures for several years are lacking, but by including conservative estimates for those years, the total production is 

seen to be very close to 25 million tons. Peak productions of the 

area were 1.3 million tons in 1918 and 1.2 million tons in 1948. In 

1951 the area supplied 0.5 million tons, with all but 6 mines abandoned, 

and one of these was abandoned before the end of the year. Of the 

total recorded production, 93.2 percent has been produced by underground mining methods. (See fig. 32 and table 2.)

315409 55 4
TABLE 2. Description of mines

[Information as of January 1,1952. Data from mine operators and mining engineers; from annual reports and 

and from field work]

Map 

no. 

(pl.23)

Operator and mine

Entry location

Frac. Sec. T(N) R(E)

Thickness 

of bed 

(inches)

Shaft 

depth 

(feet)

Coal 

altitude 

(feet)

Kind 

of 

mine

Underground mines

[All are in the Henryetta coal bed] 

4

5 

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

34

35

36

Creek Coal and Mining Co. No. 2 ... 

Creek Coal and Mining Co. No. I...

Whitehead Coal and Mining Co. 

No. 2 

Whitehead Coal and Mining Co. 

No. 1~ 

Pittsburg-Midway Coal and Mining 

Co. No. 12 .

Oklahoma Coal Co. No. 9 __ .. ....

Warden-Pullen Coal Co. No. 2. .....

Big Four Coal Co. No. 1... __ 

Consolidated Fuels Co, No. 5_. __ .

NENW 28 11 12

NWSE 22 11 12 

NWSE 15 11 12

NWSE 14 11 12

NENW 13 11 12

SENW 7 11 13

NWSE 7 11 13

NWSW 8 11 13

SWNE 17 11 13

SWNE 8 11 13

SWSE 4 11 13

NWSE 4 11 13

SESW 4 11 13

NWSW 4 11 13

NESE 5 11 13

SWSW 5 11 13

NESE 6 11 13

SWNE 6 11 13

NENW 6 11 13

SWSW 32 12 13

SESE 32 12 13

NESE 32 12 13

SESW 33 12 13

NENW 4 11 13

NENE 4 11 13

SWSW 34 12 13

NESW 34 12 13

SENE 32 12 13

SENE 32 12 13

NESW 32 12 13

28-34

34-36 

35-37

33-36

34-36

36-38

32-36

33H-36

34

36

36

36

36

35-36

36

36

34-36

36

36

335

325 

300

235

158

100

110

30

25

133

70

75

110

Af\n

""394"

659

639

703

KSW.

563

629

661

616

589

588

Shaft 

Shaft

Shaft 

Shaft

Shaft 

Shaf

Shaft 

Shaft

Shaft 

Drift

Drift.

Drift

Drift.

Drift

Shaft

Shaf

Shaft 

Shaf

Drift 

Drift

Drift 

Drift

Drift 

Slope

Slope..
37

49

39

40

41

4f,

43 

44

48

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

60

en

62 

63 

64

65

67

84

91

No. 1.

No. 2.

Starr Coal Co. old No. 2 shaft mine ...

Co., Schulter Mine.

No. 4.

Sterling Coal Co. No. 1 

No. 3.

Globe Coal Co., Kincaid No. 2 MineGlobe Coal Co., Kincaid No. 1 MineAshing Coal Co ......... . _.. -

SENE 31 12 13

SWNW 32 12 13

SESE 30 12 13

SWSW 29 12 13

SESE 30 12 13

NENW 32 12 13

SENW 29 12 13 

SWNW 29 12 13

SWNE 18 12 13

NENW 17 12 13

NWSE 17 12 13

NENW 20 12 13

SENE 29 12 13

NWNE 28 12 13

NENE 28 12 13

NESE 21 12 13

NESE 21 12 13

SWSW 22 12 13

SENE 21 12 13

NENE 21 12 13

SWSE 16 12 13 

NWSE 16 12 13 

NENE 16 12 13

SWSW 10 12 13

SENW 10 12 13

SESE 11 13 13

SENW 1 13 13

36

34-38

35-37

37-40H

34-36 

33J6-37

38-41H

38

36-41

34J4-36

34 

33

17J4

26-30

50

40

100

102

83

110

47

588

637

.......

539

547

630

635

611

673

Slope

Drift.

Shaf

Drift

Shaf

Shaft 

Drift

Shaft 

Shaft 

Shaf

Shaft 

Drift...

Drift 

Drift 

Drift 

Drift 

DriftSlope... 

Slope _ 

Slope... 

Drift 

Drift 

Slope

Strip mines

Operator

A llr/vnftlr

operations near Henryetta.

operations near Morris.

Location

Sees. 8 and 17, T. 11 N., R. 13 E. 

Sees. 8, 8, 9, and 17, T. 11 N., R.

13 E. 

Sec. 1, T. 13 N., R. 13 E., sec. 6,

T. 13 N., R. 14 E.

Sees. 1, 11, 13, and 14, T. 13 N.,

R. 13 E.

Sees. 8 and 18, T. 13 N., R. 14 E ..

Thick

ness 

of bed

(inches)

32

34

20-30

22-29

16-19

Max.

cover 

stripped

(feet)

32

20-48

35

30-45

30

Coal bed

Morris ____ . 

> In operation.
206 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 

MINES REPORTING PRODUCTION

I I I I I

A. Includes an estimated 183,500 short tons produced 

in sec. 31, T. 14 N., R. 14 E., outside edge of map

B. Includes an estimated 275,300 short tons produced 

in sec. 31, T. 14 N., R. 14 E., outside edge of map

1905 "1910 1915 1920 T925 1930 1935 1940 1945 

QUANTITY PRODUCED AND PERCENTAGE OF STATE TOTAL

FIGURE 32. Coal-production data for the Henryetta mining district, 1902-51, including production from 

both underground and strip operations in the Henryetti and Morris coil beds. D^ta from operators; 

from annual reports and flies of the Department of Chief Mine Inspector, State of Oklahoma; and from 

reports of the Mine Inspector for Indian Territory, U. S. Department of the Interior.

Three underground mines have maintained large-scale operations. 

These are drift mines working in or near the southeastern part of 

T. 12 N., R. 12 E., on the west side of the Henryetta-Schulter anticline, 

where the coal is 35 to 41^ inches thick, almost free of partings, and 

relatively low in sulfur content. In addition to the high quality of
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 207

the coal and the good working conditions, the continued operation of 

these mines has been favored by extensive use of modern equipment. 

(Coal Age, 1953.) The coal is mined by the room-and-pillar or by a 

modified panel system, undercut by machines, drilled, shot down, then 

hand- or machine-loaded and conveyed by belt and trolley-type tram 

to a preparation plant. Electric power is used throughout. In the 

one strip mine operating in 1951, located in sec. 8, T. 11 N., R. 13 E., 

the overburden is stripped from the coal by diesel-electric dragline, 

then the coal is broken out, loaded onto trucks with a diesel shovel, 

and taken to a preparation plant. The preparation plants are 

variously equipped with vibrating, shaking, and bar screens, oil 

treaters, magnets, and picking tables. Except at a single small truck 

mine, the improved coal from all mines is loaded directly into cars on 

the St. Louis-San Francisco Railroad. The tipple at the recently 

abandoned strip pit at Morris, the Broken Aro mine, was the only 

installation equipped to wash the coal.

RESERVES

According to a conservative estimate based on information now 

available, the total reserves remaining in the ground in the Henryetta 

and Morris coal beds, as of January 1, 1952, were 275 million tons of 

high-volatile bituminous coal in all categories. (See table 3.) This 

total is comprised of 243 million tons in the Henryetta bed south of 

Deep Fork, where underground mining methods predominate; 28 

million tons in the Henryetta bed north of Deep Fork, where stripmining methods have strongly predominated; and 4 million tons in 

the Morris bed, where mining has also been predominantly by stripping 

methods. The reserve estimate includes not only coal within the 

mapped area, but coal in the Henryetta bed which, drilling has indicated, is present downdip to the west of the Henryetta mining area 

and as far north along the outcrop as the southern part of T. 15 N. 

The present estimate will probably be revised upward when further 

prospecting has provided additional information, especially in the 

Henryetta coal downdip (westward) from the underground mining 

area near Henryetta.

In order that the estimate may have continuing usefulness, the 

reserves in each coal bed. in each township are classified according to: 

(1) Thickness of bed (divided into 14- to 28-inch and 28- to 42-inch 

ranges); (2) whether the amount and reliability of the data justify 

considering the reserves to be measured, indicated, or inferred; (3) 

the amount of overburden (divisions of 0-40 feet and 40-1,000 feet), 

except for the Henryetta coal in the area south of Deep Fork where 

insufficient data were available. All known reserves of coal are 

under less than 1,000 feet of overburden.
TABLE 3. Estimated remaining reserves in the Henryetta and Morr

{In millions of short tons]

Township

Overburden 

(feet)

Measured reserves

In beds 

14 to 28 

inches 

thick

In beds 

28 to 42 

inches 

thick

Total

Indicated reserves

In beds 

14 to 28 

inches 

thick

In beds 

28 to 42 

inches 

thick

Tota

Henryetta coal south of Deep Fork

T. 10 N., E. 12 E.I.... 

T. 11 N., R. 12 E .

T. 11 N., E. 13 E 

T. 12 N., E. 11 E.i.......... ...... -

T. 12 N., R. 12 E- .......... ........

T. 12 N., E. 13 E.. ....... ...............

T. 13 N., R. 12E. ......... -. .

Total.... ...........................

fwinnn

0-1000

0-1000

0-1000

0-1000

0-1000

0-1000

0.34

1.42

.51

2.27

12.20

6.53

8.08

17.16

43.97

12.54

7.95

8.08

17.67

46.24

9.24

7.14

a. 90

a 17. 28

2.31

35.31

.33

35.45

4.36

77.76

2

44

7

35

'5

a 95. 

Henryetta coal north of Deep Fork

T. 13 N., E. 13 E . ...... ..-..__

T. 14 N., E. 13 E... .............. ........

T. 14 N., E. 14 E.......... .............. .

T. 15 N.. E. 14 E... __ . ___ ...........

0-40

4ft-innn

0-40

40-1000

0-40

40-1000

0-40

40-1000

3.01

3.36

6.37

.09

.76

.85

1.36

1.48

2.84

.20

.20

0.35

.35

3.36

3.36

6.72

.09

.76

.85

1.36

1.48

2.84

.20

.20

5.55

5.55

1.44

1.44

1.66

1.66

5

5

1

1

1

1
Total ............................

Grand TotaL. __________ ...

/ 0-40 

\40-1000

4.66 

5.60

10.26

.35

.35

5.01 

5.60

10.61

8.65

8.65

8

Henryetta coal 

Total ... 0-1000 12.53 44.32 56.85 ' 25. 93 77.76 * 10

Morris coal 

T. 13 N., R. 13 E.. .......................

T. 13N., R. 14E...... . ..... 

Total ... ..................... 

Grand Total ........................

0-40 

40-1000

0-40 

40-1000

f 0-40 

\40-1000

0.25 

.08

.33

1.11 

.10

1.21

1.36

.18

1.54

0.25 

.08

.33

1.11

.10

1.21

1.36 

.18

1.54

0.07 

.53

.60

.14

.27

.41

.21 

.80

1.01

0

Henryetta and Morris coals 

Total... ...... . . ... 0-1000 14.07 44.32 58.39 26.94 77.76 10

i Okfuskee County. 

 Includes an estimated 0.10 million short tons of Morris coal, in sees. 12 and 13, T. 12 N., R. 13 E. 
210 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

In general, "measured coal" is coal for which mine workings, drill 

holes, and surface exposures afford observation and measurement at 

pouits less than half a mile apart. The outer edge of a block of 

measured coal is drawn a quarter of a mile from the last point of definite information or half a mile from a continuous outcrop. The computed tonnage is judged to be within 20 percent of the true tonnage. 

Computations of "indicated coal" are based partly on specific data 

and partly on projection of that data on geologic evidence. Blocks 

of indicated coal lie less than half a mile from isolated points of observation and less than 2 miles from a continuous outcrop. "Inferred 

coal" is coal for which quantitative estimates are based on broad 

knowledge of the bed and geologic evidence for its continuity. Inferred coal generally falls within a semicircular area lying against the 

outcrop and having a radius of half the length of the outcrop, but 

may extend beyond such a semicircle to embrace drill holes and mine 

workings nearby.

The thickness assumed for each coal bed in each township is a 

weighted average based on all measurements. Beds containing less 

than 14 inches of clean coal after the subtraction of partings thicker 

than three-eighths of an inch were excluded, as were thin benches 

separated from the main part of a bed by a parting of more than half 

the thickness of the bench. The coal was assumed to weigh 1,800 

tons per acre-foot, a figure obtained by using 1.32 as the average 

specific gravity of bituminous coal in the ground.

An abundance of detailed information in the form of mine maps 

and surveys of nearly all the underground mines and stripped areas 

made it possible to estimate reserves directly on the basis of coal 

remaining in the ground, as of January 1, 1952, rather than estimating original reserves in place before mining began and then subtracting 

from that the recorded production and an allowance for losses in 

mining to obtain remaining reserves. This abundance of data on 

mined-out areas also made it possible, by measurement, to get a fairly 

accurate estimate of the total amount of coal mined and lost in mining, including that left in pillars, in barriers between mines, at small 

depths under streams, and the like. By comparing this figure with 

data on production, it is possible to arrive at meaningful figures for 

over-all recoverability, both for underground and strip mining methods. For underground mining in the Henryetta mining district, overall recoverability in the past has been 50.5 percent of the coal originally present, which figure accords closely with the figures obtained 

in many other areas in the United States. Assuming that future 

losses in underground mining will continue to be approximately equal
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 211

to production, the recoverable coal reserves in the Hemyetta bed in 

the map area south of Deep Fork, as of January 1, 1952, total about

121 million tons.

STBIPPABLE COAL

The relatively thick Henryetta coal in the area south of Deep Fork 

has already been stripped from the more favorable areas of its occurrence where the overburden is less than 40 feet thick. Available data 

did not permit making an estimate of the remaining strippable reserves 

in this area, but there remain small amounts between underground 

mines and the outcrop, and under the alluvium of Coal Creek, in the 

area from Coalton southward through Dewar to near Kusa. (See 

pi. 23.) The most favorable area is in sees. 8 and 9, T. 11 N., E. 13 E., 

where the McGinnis and Grafe Coal Company is now working. South 

of this area, through section 16 and along the west side of Lake 

Henryetta, small tonnages probably could be produced by contour 

stripping near the outcrop, but the apparent increase in the impurities 

in the coal in this direction might make this a poor prospect.

The Henryetta coal north of Deep Fork has been almost completely 

stripped to an overburden depth of 40 feet for more than 4 miles 

along the outcrop, mainly in sec. 31, T. 14 N., R. 14 E., and sees. 

1, 11, and 14, T. 13 N., E. 13 E. (See pi. 23.) It is noteworthy 

that the coal in sec. 23, T. 13 N., E. 13 E. was considered too impure 

for economic recovery, even though the tipple in use was equipped 

to wash the coal. The seemingly most feasible area for large-scale 

stripping operations in the Henryetta coal bed is north of the mapped 

area, in sees. 3, 4, 9, 10, and 16, T. 14 N., E. 14 E., where drilling has 

indicated that the coal averages nearly 17 inches in thickness and is 

not less than 14 inches thick for 2% miles along the outcrop. An 

estimated 1,330,000 tons of coal is present in that area under less 

than 40 feet of overburden. Test drilling in the Henryetta bed has 

been carried on as far north as sec. 23, T. 15 N., E. 14 E., but no coal 

thickness greater than 15 inches was found in this township.

Much of the strippable coal between 16 and 20 inches in thickness 

in the Morris bed is still in the ground, though the more favorable 

areas have already been stripped. The tonnages given for this bed 

in the table of estimated remaining reserves do not include coal in 

place under the townsite of Morris. No information is available about 

the extent or thickness of this bed beyond the north boundary of the 

map.

A comparison between the amount of coal produced by strip mining 

and the estimated amount of coal originally in place in the stripped 

areas indicates a recoverability of 76 percent in the Henryetta-Morris
212 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

district. This figure compares favorably with the 80 percent recover- 

«,bility which experience has indicated is obtained by one of the large 

strip-mining companies operating in the State.

OIL AND GAS

The Henryetta-Okmulgee-Morris area has been an important producer of oil and gas for many years, and many hundreds of wells have 

been drilled there. Production began in 1904 when a small quantity 

of oil was produced from a well near Okmulgee, and in the same year 

gas was produced at Henryetta. Active search was spurred by oil 

and gas production in 1906 and 1907 in and near Morris, and by a 

successful oil well drilled near the site of Coalton. By 1910 so much 

gas had been discovered in the area that smelters were brought to 

Henryetta (Clark, 1926, p. 62-65).

Subsurface units which have been productive in the area discussed in 

this report include, in descending order, the Salt, Booch, and Butcher 

sands of Pennsylvanian age and the Wilcox sand of Ordovician 

age, and more £han a dozen named oil and gas pools occur hi or very 

near the area (Eichardson, 1939; Skelton and Skelton, 1942, app. C). 

Petroleum occurrence and possibilities of the area are discussed by 

Clark (1926), by Clark and Bauer (1921), and by Reed (1923). Considerable drilling still continues. In 1952 in Okmulgee County as a 

whole, 94 productive oil and 3 productive gas development wells, and 

5 productive wildcat oil wells were completed (Oil and Gas Journal, 

1953, p. 361-362). An oil refinery has been operating in Okmulgee 

for many years, and in 1951-52 expanded its capacity by the construction of an 8,000 gallon-per-day catalytic cracker.

OTHER MINERAL RESOURCES

In former years the shale between sandstone units 4 and 5a of the 

Senora formation was used as raw material in the manufacture of 

clay products by the Kusa Brick & Tile Co., which operated a large 

plant and open-pit quarry in sec. 3, T. 11 N., R. 13 E., near Kusa. 

Samples of shale from this locality and the following other localities 

in the mapped area have been thoroughly tested and found satisfactory for use in the manufacture of various clay products: Sec. 11, 

T. 11. N., R. 12 E.; the immediate roof of the Henryetta coal bed in 

the abandoned Gaither Coal Company mine in sec. 11, T. 13 N., R. 

13 E.; the shales above and below the Henryetta coal bed just north of 

the abandoned Coalton Coal Company mine, northeast of Coalton. 

(Sheerar and Redfield, 1932, p. 189-192.)

Building stone is quarried at several places in the mapped area, most 

notably at the large quarry in the SE^SWK sec. 25, T. 12 N,, R. 12 

E., northwest of Henryetta.
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 213

SELECTED MEASURED SECTIONS 1

1. Section in sees. 25, 26, and 86, T. 11 N., R. 18 E.

[Measured northwestward from edge of alluvium, 600 feet south of the south quarter-section corner of sec. 

25, and extending about 1,000 feet to top of hill; measurement resumed at top of sandstone 2 in creek oneeighth of a mile east of the center of sec. 26, about 400 feet south of stock pond, and continued westward 

up hill to the center of sec. 26]

Senora formation:

Sandstone (3), not measured. peet 

Shale, light-brown, very poorly exposed.____--___--_-____-___.. 60

Sandstone (2), light gray-brown, very fine grained, badly weathered

and poorly exposed; about..--_--_-___-_--_-__-__-__-_-_-_____ 15 

Covered, probably shale____________________________________ 50

Sandstone (Ib), light-gray, medium bedded, very fine grained-______ 15

Covered, probably silty shale----__---_-____--__----___-_-___-._ 20

Sandstone (la), light brown-gray, weathers gray brown, very massive,

very fine grained, very resistant; base not exposed-______________ 40-j200 

Talus. 

Alluvium.

2. Section in sees. 15 and 16, T. 11 N., R. 18 E.

[Measured southwestward from base of sandstone, about a quarter of a mile north of the south quartersection corner of sec. 15, and extending about a quarter of a mile to top of dam spillway at north end of 

Lake Henryetta, theuce measured about 1,000 feet northwestward to sandstone 5a on hilltop: measurement resumed in road a quarter of a mile west of the southeast corner of sec. 16, and continued westward 

about five-eighths of a mile along ditch on north side of road to a point about a quarter of a mile northeast 

of the southwest corner of sec. 16]

.Senora formation:

Sandstone (6b), light brown-gray, flaggy to medium-bedded, 

very fine grained, contains plant impressions; interbedded 

with light brown-gray shale; upper half very poorly exposed, Ft in 

top eroded________________________________________ 184- 0

Shale, greenish yellow-brown, blocky, lacks siderite._________ 16 0

Sandstone (6), light yellow-gray, thin-bedded, very fine grained,

bedding iiregular______________________________________ 5 0

Sandstone (6), light-gray, thin-bedded; interbedded with greengray to gray-brown shale; in part poorly exposed..._______ 34 0

Shale, dark-gray, weathers light blue-gray, contains many 

sideritic concretions; basal 37 feet computed using west-dip 

component of 5 feet per 100 feet__________________-______ 97 0

Coal (Henryetta), badly weathered._____________________ 11

Underclay, light-gray__________________________________ 1 10

Shale, silty and sandy, greenish-gray, some ripple cross-lamination, fragmental plant fossils____________________._______ 5 0

Sandstone (5b), light brown-gray, medium-bedded, very fine

grained_____________________________________________ 12 0

Shale, gray-brown; poorly exposed; computed using west-dip

component of 4 feet per 100 feet___________-_______-___-_ 35 0

Shale, very silty and sandy, thin-bedded, weak; in part covered. 15 0 

Sandstone (5a), gray-brown to light-brown, weathers dark

brown, well-bedded. Caps the hill in the W>.SWJ4 sec. 15. ._ 9 0 

1 Numbering in accordance with plate 22.
214 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

2. Section in sees. 15 and 16, T. 11 N., R. 13 E. Continued

Senora formation Continued

Shale, light green-gray, weathers light blue-gray to very light Ft in 

gray, contains sideritic concretions.__-_-___-__-_______-_ 14 0

Sandstone, light-gray, very fine grained, slightly limy________ 2

Shale, light green-gray, weathers light blue-gray to very light

gray, contains sideritic concretions _______________________ 25 0

Limestone, silty, reddish-brown, roughly nodular, fossiliferous;

shale for 1 inch above and 2 inches below is limy_______-_-- 2

Shale, very poorly exposed_______________________________. 61 0

Sandstone (4), light-brown to light-gray, medium-bedded, very 

fine grained, bedding planes irregular ____________________ 2 0

Shale (mapped with 4), greenish-brown, weathers light brown; 

blocky until weathered; includes 4-inch bed of light-gray 

sandstone 3 feet from base__-_-______-__-__-___-__-_____ 4 6

Sandstone (4), light-gray, weathers light brown, massive,

calcareous.___________________________________________ 1 9

Shale, gray, calcareous; contains resistant stringers of siltstone

and sandstone; contains sideritic nodules_________________ 12 7

Limestone, silty, and limy shale; strongly fossiliferous (brachiopods) _____________________________________________ 8)<

Shale (Morris coal zone), carbonaceous, dark gray, weathers 

gray with red-brown mottling, fissile; contains three thin coal 

lenses % to 2 inches thick.______________________________ 2 8fy

Shale, very silty and sandy; dark-gray silty shale intimately 

interlaminated with light-gray siltstone and very fine grained 

sandstone, highly micaceous, contains dark minerals, becomes 

more sandy toward base, ripple marking common in basal 10 

feet---_-___________________________________________ 16 8

Sandstone (3), gray-brown, massive, base not exposed-_______ 15+ 0

405 0

4. Section in sees. 17 and 18, T. 11 N., R. IS E.

[Measured westward from stream, about an eighth of a mile south of the north quarter-section corner 

of sec. 17, and extending a half a mile to water tank on hilltop about an eighth of a mile south ol the northwest corner of sec. 17]

Calvin sandstone:

Sandstone (1), light gray-brown, massive, has contorted and rolled Feet

bedding, top eroded________________-____--__-_--_-__-_--_-_ 10+

Senora formation:

Covered, probably gray shale.___________________-__------_-_---_ 95

Sandstone (6b), shaly, light-gray, very fine grained; poorly exposed,

about._ __-_______________________________-____-__--_------_ 3

Covered, probably shale or silty shale.__________-____-___-_---_-- 45

Sandstone (6), shaly, light-gray, flat-bedded, very fine grained,

calcareous, sporadically exposed.__-_________-_-_____-_-------_ 50

Shale, gray, contains sideritic nodules; about_____________--------. 80

Coal (Henry etta), not exposed, position inferred from abandoned

strip pit east of stream.______________________________________ 0

283
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 215

5. Section in sees. 2 and 11, T. 11 N., R. 12 E.

tMeasured westward from south side of U. S. Highway 75, at foot of hill on east side of the NWJ.SEH sec. 

11, and extending a quarter of a mile uphill to cemetery; then from road cut about 300 feet northeast of the 

center of sec. 11 to top of escarpment in the center of the NWHS WJ4SEH sec. 2]

 Calvin sandstone: Ft in 

Sandstone (2), light-brown, fine-grained, top eroded________ 10+ 0

Shale, dark-green; measured barometrically, about_________ 100 0

Shale, silty, strongly silty in upper third; about-____________ 15 0

Siltstone, light-brown, massive.___________________________ 2 0

Shale, dark-green, weathers light gray-green, lacks siderite---- 12 0

Shale (mapped with 1), silty, light gray-brown, contains one 8-

inchsiltstone bed______________________________________ 5 0

Siltstone (1), and silty shale, light-brown, weathers light brown; 

siltstone beds in lower half thin- to medium-bedded, lenses 

and channel fillings of siltstone in upper half range in thickness from 6 inches to 2). feet in a horizontal distance of a few 

feet; all but basal 3 feet displays crossbedding and very irregular bedding.______________________________________ 10 6

Shale (mapped with 1), silty, light-brown, contains 6 inches of 

light-gray shale which has )_-inch bed of sideritic ironstone in 

upperpart______-_-___-_________-_____________________ 2 6

Sandstone (1), light-brown, massive except uppermost 8 inches,

veryfine grained_____________________________________ 2 0

Shale (mapped with 1), dark-green, weathers to light>gray-green

flakes, lackssiderite___.________________________________ 3 6

Sandstone (1), basal 10 inches massive, remainder thin-bedded,

very fine grained_____________________________________ 2 0

Shale (mapped with 1), dark-green, weathers to light gray-green

flakes, lackssiderite_--__-_____-______________-____-____ 5 0

Sandstone (1), light-brown, weathers light gray-brown, massive, very fine grained, basal 6 inches contains fragmental 

plant fossils-_-__--__-_-___-___________-_-___ __________ 2 0

Senora formation:

Shale, dark-green, weathers to light gray-green flakes, lacks

siderite, base not exposed. ______________________________ 9+ 0

180 6

11. Section in sec. 34, T. 12 N., R. 12 E. 

[Measured in road cut in the southwest part of the SWJ4NWJ4SWJ4 sec. 34]

Calvin sandstone: Feet 

Sandstone (2), poorly exposed, probably as in next lower unit_______ 10

Sandstone (2), light-brown, massive, fine-grained- _________________ 22

 Sandstone (2), thin-bedded, very fine grained, interbedded with lightgray shale. ____-______--___-______-__-_-_-_--__---_------_-- 16

Shale, light brown-gray, base not exposed. _________________________

58
216 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

18. Section in sec. 34, T. 12 N., R. IS E.

[Measured northwestward from sandstone outcrop about 1,000 feet east of the southwest corner of secTs* 

to outcrops about 800 feet distant in road up hillside hi the center of the WWSWHSWJ4 sec. 34, thence 

measured northward on this road to coal exposure in ditch on west side of road; measurement resumed at'a 

point about 2,400 feet to the northeast at coal in mine of Coal Creek Coal Co., and continued northward up 

power line cut to top of hill at the center of the N}iS WJ4 sec. 34]

Senora formation:

Sandstone (6), light gray-brown, massive, fine-grained, top m in

eroded..____________________.__-__--_______ 13+ 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale_ _-_-----_--_-___.._--_- 55 0

Coal (Henryetta), in Coal Creek Coal Co. mine, also in road to

west.__________________________________--_-__- 3 0

Shale__-______.______.._______.______._ 1 6 

Sandstone (5b), light-gray, very thin bedded, very fine grained,

ripple-marked____________________-__-__..__-___________ 7 0

Shale,gray, weatherslight-gray_--_..__----_---_..-_-----_--- 9 0

Limestone, very shaly, strongly fossiliferous (predominantly

brachiopods);about______-________________-___-________ 3 0

Covered; shale poorly exposed near top____________________ 38 0

Sandstone (5a), weathers brown, massive, very fine grained,

base not exposed____.___________________---__-_-----_ 3+ 0

132 6

19. Section in sees. 29, SO, 31, and 38, T. 12 N., R. IS E.

[Description of bottom two units based on reported data on abandoned shaft of Atlas No. 1 mine in the 

SW^SWH sec. 29; middle unit measured in the extreme northwest corner of sec. 32 and the extreme 

northeast corner of sec. 31, from railroad intersection westward 600 feet along road to Blackstone mine; top 

two units measured northwestward uphill in the SEJ4SEJ4 sec. 30]

Beds transitional between Calvin sandstone and Senora formation:

Sandstone (la, basal tongue of lower sandstone of Calvin intercalated into Sonora formation), light gray-brown, fine-grained, Feet 

bedding in upper part contorted and rolled, top eroded_. __---_-_« 10+ 

Senora formation:

Shale, light gray-brown, in part somewhat silty, about.__________ 120

Sandstone (6), light brown-gray, thin- to medium-bedded, very fine 

grained, with intercalated beds of silty shale___--____--_________ 20

Covered; in mine shaft reported to be about 50 feet deep and to be 

sunk through shale or silty shale, now inaccessible. Base of next 

higher unit coincides with top of shaft________________________ 50

Coal (Henryetta), reported to be-___-_____--__-_--_-__---------- 3

203
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 217

24. Section in sec. 81, T. 12 N., R. IS E.

[Measured southward on west side of north-south road, from a point about an eighth of a mile north of theeast quarter-section comer of sec. 21, and extending about 300 feet to coal exposure, thence northwestward 

about 600 feet to sandstone (5) at top of hill; measurement resumed at same horizon in road to the west 

and continued northward on road about 500 feet to top of sandstone (5) exposure; measurement resumed 

at same horizon in east-west road at a point about an eighth of a mile east of the center of sec. 21 and: 

measured to top of small hill in exact center of the NJ4 sec. 21]

Beds transitional between Calvin sandstone and Senora formation: 

Sandstone (la, basal tongue of lower sandstone of Calvin 

intercalated into Senora formation), light-brown, weathers 

brown, thick-bedded, fine-grained, bedding contorted and Ft in 

rolled, top eroded____________'_______________________ 15+ 0

Senora formation:

Covered____________________________ 6 0

Shale, light-brown, contains platelets and stringers of sideritic 

ironstone }i- to j4-inch tnick__________________________ 40 0'

Covered, includes thin, weak sandstone (6b); about--______ 50 0

Sandstone (6), massive, very fine grained, poorly exposed_____ 10 0"

Shale (mapped with 6), light-green, contains platelets of

sideritic ironstone, poorly exposed.______________________ 5 O

Sandstone (6), light brown-green, very fine grained, contains 

light green-gray weak bed bearing plates of sideritic ironstone__________________________________________.__ 8 0

Shale, silty, light-gray, ragged in appearance, contains abundant plates of siltstone.._______________________________ 9 ft

Shale, very silty, light gray-brown to gray, micaceous, contains

3-inch resistant layers________________________________ 20 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale._____--___----_-_--__ 13 0

Shale, light yellow-gray, contains 1-inch thick platelets of 

sideritic ironstone about every 18 inches________________ 9 0

Coal (Henryetta), excellent exposure in road cut__________ 3 3#

Underclay, carbonaceous, gray._________________________ 1 6

Sandstone (5b), shaly, light-gray, very fine grained, micaceous, 

carbonaceous._____________________________________ 9 0

Sandstone (5b), light-gray, weathers brown, massive, ripplemarked, cross-laminated__________________________ 5 0

Shale, dark blue-gray, contains lenses of sideritic siltstone. _ _ _ 9 0 

Limestone, very shaly, light-gray, abundantly fossiliferous

(predominantly brachiopods)________________.___ 2 3}£

Shale, gray, contains sideritic platelets, base not exposed-_ __ 10+ 0

225 1
218 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

28. Section in sees. 18, 14, and 23, T. 12 N., R. 13 E.

IMeasured westward in east-west road, from a point about 500 feet west of the south quarter-section corner 

of sec. 13, and extending about 650 feet to top of hill; measurement resumed at same horizon in the center 

of the NJ^NEJCNEK sec. ?3, and continued northward about 900 feet across road to top of hill]

Senora formation:

Sandstone (6), light-brown, weathers brown speckled with Ft in 

dark brown, thick-bedded, very fine grained, top eroded____ 5+ 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale, includes horizon of

Henryetta coal in lower part____-_____-_--__---_-_---__- 55 0

Sandstone (5b), light-brown, weathers brown speckled with 

dark brown, massive to thin-bedded, very fine grained; 

about..______________________________________ 8 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale._____________________ 20 0

Limestone, very shaly, gray, highly fossiliferous (predominately brachiopods)______-_______-_-__---____-_-___-_ 2 0

Shale, gray, contains lenses of sideritic ironstone, intermittently 

exposed. Calcareous concretions containing small gastropods found in 1-foot zone near middle of unit_________ 35 0

Sandstone (5a), light-brown, weathers dark brown, massive,

very fine grained______________________________________ 1 6

Shale (mapped with 5a), silty, bedding irregular, ripplemarked, contains siltstone stringers 2 to 6 inches thick___ _ 6 0

Sandstone (5a), light brown-gray, weathers light brown-gray, 

thin- to medium-bedded, very fine grained, micaceous, 

bedding irregular, ripple-marked_______________________ 6 6

Shale, light brown-gray, weathers to small light-gray flakes, 

contains sideritic ironstone as stringers and tabular concretions about 1 inch thick____________________________ 22 0

Siltstone, brown, sideritic_____________________________ 1 0

Shale, light brown-gray, weathers light brown; contains sideritic concretions throughout, which increase in number toward 

top of unit; base not exposed-_________-__-__---___-___ 18+ 0

179 0
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT

30. Section in sec. IS, T. 12 N., R. 12 E., and sees. 7 and 18, T. IS N., R. IS J5T,

{Measured westward from sandstone exposure in creek, an eighth of a mile south of the northeast corner of 

sec. 18, and extending to the low hill at the south quarter-section corner of sec. 7, thence westward to 

roadside ditches on west side of hill at the south quarter-corner of see. 12. West-dip component used to 

correct measurements, 100 feet per mile]

Calvin sandstone:

Sandstone (2), light yellow-gray, flaggy to massive, very fine Ft in 

grained to fine-grained, top eroded_____________________ 20+ 0

Sandstone (2), shaly, light yellow-gray, very fine grained-____ 6 0

Shale, gray, contains thin siltstone or very fine grained sandstone stringers, which increase in frequency toward top of 

unit_________________________________ 20 0 

Limestone, sandy, blue-gray, weathers reddish brown, ferruginous, very fossiliferous (small brachiopods predominating) _ _ 3J& 

Shale, light yellow-gray, contains stringers of limy siltstone-__ 3 6 

Limestone, sandy, blue-gray, weathers reddish brown, ferruginous, very fossiliferous (fossil assemblage includes pelecypods, 

gastropods, and brachiopods)_________________________ 9J_-

Shale, yellow-gray_____________________________________ 20 0

Limestone, sandy, blue-gray, weathers reddish brown, ferruginous, very fossiliferous (fossil assemblage includes pelecypods, 

gastropods, and brachiopods. ___________________________ 3J_-

Shale, yellow-gray_______________________________________ 2 3

Sandstone, shaly, light yellow-gray, very fine grained, weak, 

poorly bedded, base not exposed_______________________ 2 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale; about______________ 85 0

Sandstone (1), shaly, light yellow-gray_____________________ 15 0

Beds transitional between Calvin sandstone and Senora formation:

Shale, gray______________________________ 10 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale; about______________ 90 0

Sandstone (la, basal tongue of lower sandstone of Calvin intercalated into Senora formation), light-gray, flaggy, .very fine 

grained, base not exposed_____________________________ 10+ 0

284 IK 

38. Section in sec. 8, T. 12 N., R. IS E.

[Measured in gully in the S^SEHNEH sec. 2]

Senora formation:

Covered, traced into shaly carbonaceous sandstone (Henryetta Ft in

coal zone) at bottom of measured section no. 40___________ 6 0'

Sandstone (5), light-brown, weathers brown, very fine grained,

consists of two massive and two weak zones____________ 8 0'

Shale (mapped with 5), silty, gray-brown, finely laminated__ 5 6 

Sandstone (5), shaly, light-brown, weathers brown, very fine

grained, weak, weathers into thin plates; about__________ 17 0>

Sandstone (5), light-brown, massive, very fine grained______ 7 0?

Shale (mapped with 5), slightly silty, gray-brown__________ 2 0«

Sandstone (5), light-gray, very fine grained, in part shaly but

predominantly massive_________________________________ 4 ft

49 6 

Alluvium
220 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

39. Section in sees. 5 and 6, T. 12 N., R. 13 E., and sec. 82, T. IS N., R. 14 E.

{Measured In creek from the center of the SJ_ sec. 32 southwestard across the northwest corner of sec. 5, and 

westward across the NJi see. 6 to coal exposure at the center of the S V.NWH see. 6, measurement resumed 

at coal exposure about 50 feet south of creek, just north of the west quarter corner of sec. 6, and continued 

southward In road about 600 feet to hilltop. Estimated west-dip component, 2 feet per 100 feet]

Senora formation:

Sandstone (5), brown, weathers dark red-brown and dark 

yellow-brown, massive, very fine grained, soft, ferruginous; 

contains claystone pellets as much as 2 inches in diameter. 

Limonitic sandstone boulders abundant in float. Top Ft in 

eroded...__________________________________ 8+ 0

Shale, light-gray, lacks siderite-_____________-_-------_--.-_ 11 0

Shale, gray, weathers light yellow and somewhat blocky, contains abundant lenses of sideritic ironstone______________ 30 0

Shale, gray, weathers dark gray and fissile, contains a few zones 

of sideritic concretions and, in lower part, calcareous cone-incone concretions_____________________________________ 29 0

Limestone, very shaly, gray, abundantly fossiliferous (small

pelecypods and gastropods)_____-_______-___---______--_ 1 6

Coal (Morris), also exposed at the center of the Sj£NW# sec.

6, where it is 2 feet 10 inches thick...___________________ 2

Shale, silty, medium hard; very light-gray silt laminae in lightgray shale matrix. Poorly exposed, about-_____-____-.___ 30 0

Sandstone (3), light-brown, massive, very fine grained, resistant.__.___--_-.__.__._._---____..______________ 1 0

Shale, silty, medium hard; very light-gray silt laminae in lightgray shale matrix. Poorly exposed; measured in creek in the 

NE^NE# sec. 5; about-.-...-.-.---_----.------------- 10 0

Covered, probably silty shale; about.-_______-____--___--__ 35 0

Shale, silty, medium hard; very light-gray silt laminae in lightgray shale matrix. Seen in creek bank just south of road at 

a point about % mile east of the southwest corner of sec. 32__ 3 0

Covered, probably silty shale.-__-_____--_----------_----- 8 0

Sandstone (1), light-brown, thin bedded in upper 5 feet, massive below; very fine grained, base not exposed._______-_-- 6+ 0

172 8
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRYETTA MINING DISTRICT 221

40. Section in sec. 34, T. IS N., R. IS E.

(Bottom three units measured in creeks in the NEJ4NEJ4 sec. 34. higher units measured northeastward, 

then northward, from railroad bridge abutment in the center of the S}_N W J4 sec. 34 up creek to the center 

of the NEH^fWji sec. 34, thence to the north quarter-section corner of sec. 34 and to sandstone outcrop 

a quarter of a mile to the west in road]

Senora formation: Feet 

Sandstone (6), shaly, light brown-gray, top eroded.________________ 10+

Covered (mapped with 6), probably as in unit above_____________ 20

Sandstone (6), light brown-gray, very massive, very fine grained-... 35 

Sandstone (6), light-brown, very fine grained; grades in a horizontal 

distance of 200 feet from a weak sandstone, that is very finely 

laminated and cross-laminated and has dark shale particles coating bedding planes, to one that is resistant and moderately crossbedded on a large scale--_--.______-__--_-_----------__-__ 4

Covered (mapped with 6)__---_--____--____________-___---____ 6

Sandstone (6), light-brown, very fine grained, displays slight to very 

marked large-scale crossbedding; contains abundant limonitic 

ironstone concretions 1 to 2 inches in diameter and, in lower part, 

contains scattered flakes of carbon_____________________________ 9

Shale (mapped with 6), silty and sandy, light brown-gray, micaceous, 

carbonaceous, nonresistant; grades laterally from silty shale to shaly 

sandstone; has 1- to 3-inch stringers of shale that contain coalified 

plant fragments._--_--__--_-_--___-__-__-___---_-_--__-__--- 8 

Sandstone (6), light-brown, very fine grained, slightly crossbedded, 

contains casts of large pieces of trees; thickness ranges from 1 to 5 

feet, averages__--______--_-_____-_____-__-____-_--___-_-_-__ 3

Sandstone (Henryetta coal zone), shaly, very carbonaceous, micaceous, 

crossbedded; carbon occurs as flakes strongly concentrated on 

bedding planes and as numerous large fragments of coalified wood in 

a sandstone matrix. This coaly sandstone lies in the approximate 

stratigraphic position of the Henryetta coal bed. It and the two 

overlying, less carbonaceous units, form a low bench that can be 

traced southward from the southernmost occurrence of clean 

Henryetta coal north of Deep Fork, into and through the outcrop 

of the sandstone mass resulting from the near coalescence of resistant sandstones 5 and 6-----------------------------.--------- 4

99

44. Section in sees. 10, 11, IS, 14, 15, and 16, T. IS N., R. IS E., and sec. 18, T. IS

N., R. 14 E.

[Measured westward from bottom of abandoned strip pit, an eighth of a mile east of the west quarter-section 

corner of sec. 18, and extending to top of sandstone 5; measurement resumed at same horizon an eighth 

of a mile east of the northwest corner of sec. 13, and continued westward along section-line road to hilltop 

three-eighths of a mile east of the northwest corner of sec. 16]

Calvin sandstone:

Sandstone (2), light-yellow, weathers light gray and light brown, Ft in 

massive, fine grained, top eroded__--__--------.--------_ 254- 0

Sandstone (2), shaly, light-yellow, weathers light gray and light 

brown_______-______-______-___---______--------_-_- 11 0

Shale, light-gray______--____--______.____.__.___ 24 0

Sandstone (1), in part silty and shaly, light-yellow to light-gray, 

weathers gray to brown, flaggy and shaly-bedded, very fine 

grained. Exposed in the gully at the north quarter-section 

corner of sec. 16 and on the hill in the N}_NW}i sec. 15 _ 35 0
222 CONTRIBUTIONS TO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

44. Section in sees. 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, and 16, T. IS N., R. IS E. t and sec. 18, T. IS

N., R. 14 E Continued

Senora formation:

Shale, locally silty, gray, contains lenses of sideritic ironstone. ft in 

Exposed on the hill in the NJ_NW# sec. 15 . _ _ _______ 30 0

Covered, probably shale as above________________________ 25 0

Limestone, sandy, gray, weathers light brown. Exposed in the

SW^SEJ4 sec. 10, in gully on north side of road_________ 1 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale---.-.-----_---_---__- 8 0

Shale, dark blue-gray, calcareous, lower one foot contains 1- to

2-inch nodules of medium-crystalline limestone__--_-__-___ 5 0 

Limestone, dark-gray, weathers light yellow,, flaggy, finely

crystalline- _ __________________________________________ 3J_-

Shale, calcareous, dark blue-gray, contains Ji-inch bed of 

fossiliferous clastic limestone at base_____________________

Shale, slightly silty, dark-gray, poorly bedded, calcareous; 

contains stringers of shaly and .silty limestone-____________

Shale, dark-gray, fissile, contains lenses and concretions of 

sideritic ironstone. Exposed in bank of creek in the center 

of theSE^sec. 10-_---__-________________________ 19 0s Shale, slightly silty, dark-gray, fissile, contains sideritic concretions; about________________________________________ 30 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale; about_____________ 10 0

Shale, gray_______________________________ 10 0 

Covered________________________________________________ 5 0

Shale, silty and sandy, light-brown and light-gray, weathers 

brown, very weak___________________._________________ 3 0

Covered, probably silty and sandy shale; about _____________ 10 0

Shale, silty and sandy, light-gray and light-brown, ripple crosslaminated; upper part contains 1-inch bed of coal, 5 feet above 

which is a zone of black limestone concretions 1 foot in diameter containing gastropods. Well exposed in railroad cut in 

the SE^ sec. 11, northwest of abandoned tipple; also well 

exposed in abandoned strip pit at the southeast corner of 

sec. 11; about_________________________________________ 50 CP

Coal, Henryetta____-____._____________________________ 3 0

Covered, probably shale or silty shale; about______________ 5 0

Sandstone (5), light-gray, weathers brown, shaly to massive, 

very fine grained; about________________________________ 50 0

Shale, gray; lower 20 feet calcareous, upper 30 feet noncalcareous___________________________________________ 50 0

Covered, probably shale__________________________________ 15 0

Coal (Morris), under water in strip pit; reported to be-__.__. 1 6

428 3>_
GEOLOGY AND COAL RESOURCES, HENRTETTA MINING DISTRICT 223

REFERENCES CITED

 lark, R. W., 1926, Geology of Okmulgee County, Okla.: Okla. Geol. Survey Bull. 

40-F, 52 p.; and 1930, Okla. Geol. Survey Bull. 40, v. 3, p. 46-68.

 Clark, R. W., and Bauer, C. M., 1921, Notes on geology of the Okmulgee district:

Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v. 5, p. 282-292.

Ooal Age, 1953, Machine loading on long faces: Coal Age, v. 58, no. 6, p. 84-88. 

Davis, J. D., and Reynolds, D. A., 1941, Carbonizing properties of Henryetta

bed coal from Atlas No. 2 mine, Henryetta, Okmulgee County, Okla.:

Okla. Geol. Survey Mineral Rept. no. 12, 8 p. 

Davis, J. D., and others, 1944, Carbonizing properties of western region interior

province coals and certain blends of these coals: U. S. Bur. Mines Tech.

Paper 667, 138 p. 

Oil and Gas Journal, 1953, Summary of results, exploratory and developmental

drilling, 1952: Oil and Gas Jour., v. 51, no. 38, p. 356-364. 

Reed, R. D., 1923, Some suggestions in regard to Pennsylvanian paleogeography

in the Henryetta district, Oklahoma: Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull.,

v. 7, p. 50-57. 

Richardson, G. B., and Hanna, Jane, 1939, Oil and gas fields of the State of

Oklahoma: U. S. Geol. Survey State Oil and Gas Map, scale 1:500,000. 

.Shannon, C. W., and others, 1926, Coal in Oklahoma: Okla. Geol. Survey Bull.

4, 110 p. 

Sheerar, L. F., and Redfield, J. S., 1932, The clays and shales of Oklahoma: Okla.

Agr. and Mech. College, Div. of Eng. Pub., v. 3, no. 5, 251 p. 

Skelton, A. G., and Skelton, M. B., 1942, A bibliography of Oklahoma oil anr

gas pools: Okla. Geol. Survey Bull. 63, 230 p. 

Taff, J. A., 1901, Description of the Coalgate quadrangle, Ind. T. (Okla.): U. S

Geol. Survey Geol. Atlas, folio 74.

 1905, Progress of coal work in Indian Territory: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 

260, p. 382-401.

INDEX

Page 

Abstract...._ ._.-.__.... 183

Acknowledgments.---...__._______. 184 

Altitudes of area.._ _.______.__ 185 

Analyses of mine samples, Henryetta coal

bed-. ---..------.....-..-- 200-201

Anticliaical-flexure.._ _ .. . 190-192

Blast.ftHrtlaoe.eoke--..__.--.-._.. ....- 202-203 

Boochsand ____.._________._ 212 

Building stone___--.-*-_.-.-.---__..-- 212

Calvin sandstone, description of. _. ___ 188-189 

intertonguing in._______.-..____ 189 

nearshore environment of____..... 190 

thickness of -__ ___________ 188 

See also Stratigraphic sections.

Chemical analyses, Henryetta coal-...- 198, 200-201 

Morris coal---_._________.___ 199

Clay products..__._________..__. 212

Coal, characteristics of.______-_____ 198-201 

chemical analyses of___....._-.-._ 199-201

BartsBoTae ..... ................. 202

Henryetta coal bed__. __. _. __ 194-196 

indicated reserves.-..-.___-------- 210

inferred reserves.................... 208-209, 210

Lower Sunnyside_. _._________ 203 

measured reserves.-- _...__ 208-209, 210 

Morris coal bed_______--------_.. 197

production______....______.. 203, 206

reserves, estimated..__________ 207-211 

strippable.___.___________ 211-212 

uses of.....--.--.--.-.....--.-....---... 202-203

See also Coal beds.

Coal bed, Henryetta............... 186-187,194-196

Morris.--.--....--....-----...--.-..... 188,197

others....___________.____ 198

Coalgate quadrangle _-..-_..__..... 186

Creek Indian Nation.....,. . .......... 185

Page 

Mclntosh County......._________ 185, pi. 21

Middle band.-... ......................... 194

Mineral charcoal..______________ 195 

Mines:

Atlas No. 1-- . ..... 191,205

Atlas No. 2 .............. 191.198,200,202,205

Blackstone No. I.-. ... ..-..- 191,205 

Blackstone No. 2. ................ 191,205

Blackstone No. 3 ....__.............. 191

Broken Aro..--__.____________ 207 

Coalton Coal Co..- - 205.212

Qaither Coal Co.- ... - ...... 212

Qeary and Martin..__.________ 191,204 

Great Western.--... -- ............ 202

Quality................. __ 202

Starr, abandoned............_.... 191,200.205

Starr No. 2.... ................. 193,205

Sun....... .......................... 189,201

WhiteheadNo. 4 ............... 191,205

Mines, general description of..._ _ 204-205 

Mining methods. ...................... 206-207

Moatezuraa Creek..-_____________ 192 

Morris, town of-_____________.-.. 185

Morris coal bed, description of __.. _ 197 

reserves.-.... ........._-...-..._ 208-209

Oil production._. _______________ 212 

Okmulgee County ..____________ 185

Pennsylvania age, exposed rocks._______ 185

Petrographic composition, Atlas No. 2 mine.. 198

Previous publication..-__________ 184

Quaternary age, terrace deposits........ _ 186

Railroads . .._....._ 185

Recent alluvium.-.-.____..___ _ 186

Reference cited...._____.._______ 223

Diamond drill holes-_- - 196 

Duteher sand ..__._...______.. 212

Faults............. ..... .............. 192-193

Fusatn.. . 195

Gas production_ -____.___..__..._ 212

Salt sand.---.---.-.-...--.---.-.--.-__... 212 

Senora formation, coal beds in...__ .... 187

description of._______________ 186-187 

fossils in......................... .... 186,187

thickness__________________ 186 

See "also Sfratigraphic sections. 

Sheffield Steel plant .... . .. . 203

Henryetta, town of ...................... 185 stratigraphic diagram....... .............. pi. 22

Henryetta coal bed, analyses of ........ 200-201 stratigraphic sections........_ _._... .. 213-222

description of ...... ......... 194-196 strippable coal.. ...........--...-....... 211-212

reserves....... .... - 208-209 Structure..- . 190

Henryetta-Schulter anticline..... . 190 structural terrace............................ 193

Kusa Brick & Tile Co........................ 212 _, , ,00 Terrace deposits-.. . -s- 186

Lake Henryetta dam_____________ 187

Location of area.... 185 Wetumka shale.... ...................... 190

Wilcox sand--..---------....___..____ 212

McGinnisand OrafeCoal Co-- ..---..... 205,211 Wildcat, town of-----------______--. 197

o

225