## United States Court of App eals

F O R T H E E I G H T H C I R C U I T

__ __ __ __ __ _ Nos . 10 -2 73 2/ 27 92

__ __ __ __ __ _ Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca, *

* Pl ai nt iff /Ap pe ll an t, *

* Alab am a Dep art m en t o f Env iro nm en ta l * Man ag em en t; Lin n C ou nt y ; Po lk * Co un ty; She lb y

Co un ty; Sta te of * Geo rg ia ; St at e o f Il li no is ; St at e o f * App eal s fr om th e Uni te d S ta te s In di an a; Sta te of I owa ; St at e o f * Dis tri ct Co ur t fo r th e Mi ss ou ri; Sta te of Ne br as ka ; St at e o f * Dis tri ct of M in ne so ta

. Nor th Caro li na ; St at e o f Nor th Dako ta ; * St at e o f Ohi o, * [UNPUBLISHED]
* In te rv en or Pla in ti ffs , *

*

v. *

* Carg il l, In co rp or at ed , *

* Defen da nt /Ap pe ll an t. *

__ __ __ __ __ _ Su bm it te d: May 9, 20 11 Fi le d: Ju ne 13 , 20 11

__ __ __ __ __ _ Befo re WOL LMAN, BYE, and SHEPHERD, Circ ui t J ud ge s.

__ __ __ __ __ _ PER CURI AM.In 20 06 , Carg il l e n t e r ed in to a co ns en t de cree be twee n it se lf an d th e Uni te d

St at es to res ol ve a di sp ut e in vo lv in g Carg il l's al le ge d vi ol at io n of va rio us pr ov is io ns of th e Cl ean Air Act, 4 2 U.S.C. § § 7 40 1- 76 71 q, at twen ty-fou r of it s p la nt s lo cat ed in th irt een st at es

. The co ns en t de cre e r eq ui red Carg il l to in st al l po ll ut io n co nt ro l
eq ui pm en t in th e su bjec t pl an ts pu rs ua n t t o a ti m et ab le se t fo rth in th e de cree

. The earl ie st th e co ns en t de cree co ul d be co m pl et ed was th e y ear 20 16

. W he n th e co ns en t de cree was su bm it te d to th e di st ric t co ur t fo r it s ap pr ov al , t he di st ric t c o ur t en te red

a ha nd writ te n ed it to th e de cree whi ch pu rp or te d to li m it it s juri sd ic ti on ov er th e

m at te r "t o an d un ti l Decem be r 31 , 20 09 ," m or e th an se ve n y ears earl ie r th an th e

co ns en t d ecre e co ul d b e co m pl et ed

.

In May 20 10 , Carg il l fil ed a m ot io n to en te r an un op po se d m od ifi cat io n to th e

c o ns en t de cree

. Ci ti ng it s ha nd writ te n ed it li m it in g juri sd ic ti on to Decem be r 31 , 20 09 , th e di st ric t co ur t de ni ed th e m ot io n, st at in g it "n o lo ng er ret ai ns juri sd ic ti on in th is cas e." The di st ric t co ur t al so de ni ed a Ru le 6 0 ( b ) mo t i o n fil ed by th e Uni te d S t at es , Sh el by Co un ty, Ten ne ss ee, Mem ph is , Ten ne ss ee, an d Carg il l as ki ng th e di st ric t co ur t to reco ns id er it s de ni al be cau s e of a di st ric t co ur t's co nt in ui ng juri sd ic ti on ov er co ns en t de cree s. Bo th Carg il l an d th e Uni te d St a t e s f i l e d ti m el y ap pe al s of th e di st ric t co ur t's or de r refu si ng to ex erci se juri sd ic ti on ov er th e req ue st ed

m od ifi cat io n t o t he co ns en t d ecre e.

"[A] di st ric t co ur t ret ai ns th e in he ren t au th or it y to m od ify or en fo rce a co ns en t de cree ." Pi co n v. Mo rri s, 93 3 F

. 2 d 66 0, 66 2 (8 th Ci r. 19 91 ). The di st ric t co ur t's in he ren t juri sd ic ti on ov er co ns en t de cree rem ai ns "ev en wit ho ut a pr ov is io n i n t h e de cree whi ch pr ov id es fo r co nt in u i n g juri sd ic ti on ." Id .; se e al so McDo na ld v. Arm on tro ut , 90 8 F.2 d 38 8, 39 0- 91 (8 th Ci r. 19 90 ) (co nf irming a di st ric t co ur t's po wer to or de r m od ifi cat io ns to a co ns en t de cree ev en whe n th e de cree "n eg le ct ed to as se rt th e Dis tri ct Co ur t's co nt in ui ng au th or it y ."); U n i t e d St at es v. Swif t & Co ., 28 6 U.S. 10 6, 11 4 (1 93 2) ("A co n t i n u i n g de cree of in jun ct io n di rect ed to ev en ts to co m e is

su bjec t al way s to ad ap ta ti on as ev en ts m ay s ha pe th e ne ed [ev en if] th e res erv at io n

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-ha d be en om it te d." ). A di st ric t co ur t can no t ab di cat e it s co nt in ui ng juri sd ic ti on ov er

a co ns en t de cree

. See W il li am s v. Vuk ov ic h, 72 0 F.2 d 90 9, 92 0 (6 th Ci r. 19 83 ) ("Th e in jun ct iv e qu al it y of co ns en t de cree s co m pe ls th e co ur t to

. . . ret ai n juri sd ic ti on ov er th e d ecre e d ur in g t he ter m of i ts ex is te nc e[.]").

Bec au se th e di st ric t co ur t cl earl y erre d whe n it pu rp or te dl y de cl in ed to ex erci se juri sd ic ti on ov er th e pa rti es ' May 20 10 req ue st fo r a m od ifi cat io n t o t h e c o ns en t de cree , we rev ers e an d re m an d t hi s ca se for fur th er p ro ceed in gs

.

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