# U ni te d S ta te s Co ur t of A pp ea ls For the Eig hth Circu it

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ No. 1 2- 22 83

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Pla in ti

ff - App el le e

v.

Lav el l Will ia m s

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Defe nd

an t - Ap pe ll an t

__ __ __ __ __ __ App eal fro m

Uni te d S ta te s Di st ric t Co ur t fo r th e So ut he rn Dis tri ct of I owa - Dav en po rt

__ __ __ __ __ __ Su bm it te d: Decem

be r 10 , 20 12 Fi le d: Decem

be r 21 , 20 12 [Un pu bl is he d]

__ __ __ __ __ __ Befo re WOL LMAN, BYE, and BENTON, Circu it Ju dg es

.

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PER CURI AM.

Lav el l W il li am s pl ead ed g u i lt y to co ns pi rin g to di st rib ut e co cai ne ba se in vi ol at io n of 21 U.S.C. §§ 84 1( b) (1 )(A) and 84 6, an d st ip ul at ed th at sh e was su bjec t
to an en ha nc ed pe na lt y

of m an da to ry

li fe i m pr is on m en t be cau se of he r pr io r fel on y dr ug co nv ic ti on s. W il li am s ha d th e be ne fit , h owe ve r, of a pl ea ag ree men t wit h th e go ve rn m en t u n d e r Ru le 11 (c)( 1) (C) of th e Fed eral Ru le s of Cri m in al Pro ced ur e,whe reb y th e pa rti es ag reed to a s e n t e n ce of 26 2 m on th s pr im ari ly in ex ch an ge fo r

W il li am s's su bs ta nt ia l as si st an ce. The di st ric t co ur t acce pt ed th e pl ea ag reem en t an d 1

se nt en ced W il li am s t o 2 62 m on th s.

App ro xi m at el y th ree y ears la te r, W il li am s m ov ed fo r a se nt en ce red uc ti on pu rs ua nt to 18 U.S.C. § 35 82 (c)( 2)

. Sh e cl ai m ed sh e sh ou ld be ne fit fro m Am en dm en t 75 0 to th e Sen te nc in g Gui de li ne s. Effect iv e Nov em be r 1, 20 11 , Am en dm en t 75 0
ret ro act iv el y im

pl em en te d th e pr ov is io ns of th e Fai r Sen te nc in g Act of 20 10 , whi ch (in rel ev an t pa rt) in crea se d th e am ou nt of co cai ne ba se req ui red to tri gg er m an da to ry

m in im um sen te nc es . The d is tri ct co ur t d en ie d t he req ue st for a se nt en ce re du ct io n.

Rev ie win g d e n ov o, s ee Un it ed Sta te s v. Co ll ie r, 58 1 F .3d 75 5, 7 58 (8t h C ir. 20 0 9 ) , we co nc lu de th e di st ric t co ur t co rrec tl y de te rm in ed it di d no t ha ve au th or it y to red uc e th e 26 2- m on th se nt en ce. To be el ig ib le fo r a se nt en ce red uc ti on , W il li am s's

se nt en ce ha d to be "b as ed on a se nt en ci ng ran ge th at ha s su bs eq ue nt ly be en lo wered b y t h e Sen te nc in g Co m

m is si on ." 18 U.S.C. § 35 82 (c)( 2)

. Here, th e 26 2- m on t h

se nt en ce was no t "b as ed on " an y pa rti cu la r se nt en ci ng ran ge , bu t th e res ul t of a Ru le 11 (c)( 1) (C) pl ea ag reem en t whi ch to ok in to acco un t ei gh t de li ne at ed fact or s, no ne of whi ch ex pr es sl y refe rred to a pa rti cu la r se nt en ci ng ran ge

. In su ch ci rcu m st an ces , a 2

s e n t e n c e is no t "b as ed on " a se nt en ci ng ran ge bu t up on th e Ru le 11 (c)( 1) (C) pl e a

The Hon or ab le Jo hn A. Ja rv ey , Uni te d St at es Dis tri ct Ju dg e fo r th e So ut he rn 1 Dis tri ct of I owa

. The pl ea ag reem en t in di cat ed th e pa rti es ha d di sc us se d va rio us fact or s whe n 2

reac hi ng an ag reem en t on a 26 2- m on th se n t e n c e , w hi ch in cl ud ed , bu t were no t li m it ed to (1 ) th e type an d qu an ti ty of dr ug s in vo lv ed in th e of fen se ; (2 ) th e de fen da nt 's r o l e i n t he of fen se ; (3 ) th e po ss es si on of a da ng ero us weap on by de fen da nt ; (4 ) th e de fen da nt 's cri m in al hi st or y ; (5 ) acce pt an ce or la ck of acce pt an ce of res po ns ib il it y ; (6 ) th e de fen da nt 's ag reem en t no t to se ek do wnwar d de pa rtu res or
va ria nc es ; (7 ) th e de fen da nt 's as si st an ce; an d (8 ) th e de fen da nt 's ad di ti on al cri m in al

co nd uc t.

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-ag reem en t it se lf. See Uni te d St at es v. Bro wne ,

__ F.3 d

__ , 20 12 W L 53 81 91 3, at *2

-

4 (8t h Cir. Nov

. 5, 20 12 ) (ap pl y in g Freem an v. Unit ed St at es ,

__ U.S.

__ , 13 1 S.Ct. 26 85 (2 01 1) to a R u l e 11 (c)( 1) (C) pl ea ag reem en t an d affi rm in g th e de ni al of a req ue s t f or a se nt en ce red uc ti on un de r § 35 82 (c)( 2) "[b ]ecaus e th e writ te n pl ea ag reem en t di d no t ex pr es sl y st at e a Sen te nc in g Gui de li ne s ran ge as th e ba si s fo r th e pa rti es ' ag reed up on se nt en ce" ); Uni te d St at es v. Jo hn so n,

__ F.3 d

__ , 20 12 W L 53 08 03 9, at *1 (8 th Ci r. Oct. 30 , 20 12 ) (s am e); Uni te d St at es v. Hos k i n s , No. 12

- 11 55 , 20 12 W L 48 56 98 4, at *2 -3 (8t h C ir. Oct . 15 , 20 12 ) (s am e).

W e th eref

or e aff irm th e d is tri ct co ur t.

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