NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE REHEARING 

MOTION AND, IF FILED, DETERMINED 

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL 

OF FLORIDA 

SECOND DISTRICT 

KENNETH P. GERBER, ) 

 ) 

 ) 

 Appellant, ) 

 ) 

v. ) Case No. 2D14-1059 

 ) 

MARIA GERBER, ) 

 ) 

 ) 

 Appellee. ) 

 ) 

Opinion filed November 14, 2014. 

Appeal pursuant to Fla. R. App. 9.130 from 

the Circuit Court for Sarasota County; 

Robert W. McDonald, Jr., Judge. 

Kenneth P. Gerber, pro se. 

Susan J. Silverman, Sarasota; and Crystal C. 

Roland of Law Office of Crystal C. Roland, 

P.A., Miami, for Appellee. 

BLACK, Judge. 

Kenneth Gerber (Former Husband) challenges the trial court's order 

approving the magistrate's report and recommended order and the trial court's order 
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denying his motion to vacate. Although clarification of the partial settlement agreement 

regarding objections to and reimbursement of the children's medical expenses was 

appropriate, we conclude that the order of civil contempt was premature. Further, since 

the magistrate's finding concerning the amount owed by the Former Husband for the 

medical expenses is not supported by competent, substantial evidence, it was approved 

by the trial court in error. The Former Husband's final assertion that he lacked adequate 

notice of the issues to be addressed at the hearing is without merit. 

In May 2011, Maria Gerber (Former Wife) and the Former Husband 

entered into a partial settlement agreement (PSA). The PSA was ratified by the partial 

final judgment of dissolution entered in June 2011, and it provides in pertinent part that 

"[t]he parties shall equally (50%/50%) pay any reasonable and necessary medical . . . 

expenses" and that "[e]ach [party] shall pay directly or reimburse the other their portion 

of said expenses or object to same . . . within fifteen (15) days of the receipt of such 

notice." In February 2013, the trial court entered a second partial final judgment related 

to the long distance parenting plan. Pursuant thereto, the Former Wife was awarded 

sole decision-making authority over all medical decisions related to the children. A few 

months later in June 2013, the Former Wife filed a motion for civil contempt and 

enforcement due to the Former Husband's failure to pay his share of the children's 

medical expenses. In support of her motion, the Former Wife also presented her 

interpretation of the procedure for objections to medical expenses. 

Following a hearing on the Former Wife's motion, the magistrate issued a 

report and recommended order acknowledging that the Former Wife's request for 

clarification of the PSA was necessary because "the procedure for objections as to the 
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necessity and reasonableness of the medical treatment is not specifically enumerated." 

The magistrate agreed with the Former Wife's interpretation that "if the Former Husband 

objects to any such expenses, he still must pay within the time frame, and thereafter, it 

is his burden to obtain an Order requiring the Former Wife to re-pay him" provided the 

Former Husband presented "valid, competent evidence [that] the medical expenditure is 

unnecessary or unreasonable." The Former Husband asserts that the trial court 

effectively modified the PSA and partial final judgment of dissolution pursuant to its 

order approving and adopting the magistrate's recommended order. We disagree. The 

Former Wife did not receive a new benefit but merely a more precisely enumerated 

method of recovering the Former Husband's portion of the children's medical expenses. 

See Roque v. Paskow, 812 So. 2d 500, 503 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002) (holding that "[a] 

modification seeks to change the status quo and seeks a new benefit for one party" 

while "a clarification does not seek to change rights and obligations but to make a 

judgment more clear and precise"). Clarification of the PSA was appropriate because 

the PSA did not specifically enumerate the procedure for objections. See Thompson v. 

Plowmaker, 681 So. 2d 727, 727-28 (Fla. 2d DCA 1996); Crespo v. Crespo, 28 So. 3d 

125, 128 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010); Fussell v. Fussell, 778 So. 2d 517, 518-19 (Fla. 1st DCA 

2001). Accordingly, we affirm the trial court's order as to the clarification of the PSA. 

The Former Husband, a licensed attorney who practiced in Florida for 

approximately fourteen years before relocating to Arizona, interpreted the PSA to 

require him only to object within the fifteen-day window and nothing further. The Former 

Husband took full advantage of this interpretation, testifying at the hearing that despite 

his numerous objections to medical expenditures, he never once consulted with the 
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children's medical professionals or had other qualified professionals review the medical 

records. Instead, he disagreed with the nature of the procedure or the manner in which 

it was carried out or was otherwise simply unwilling to pay. Not surprisingly, the trial 

court found the Former Husband's interpretation to be unreasonable. The trial court 

also expressed its displeasure with the Former Husband's conduct in these 

proceedings, stressing that the Former Husband's actions created frivolous and 

unnecessary litigation and delayed the payment of money to the Former Wife for the 

benefit of the children. We agree. 

Despite the Former Husband's reproachable conduct, however, we are 

constrained to hold that the finding of civil contempt is premature because the PSA is 

not sufficiently clear in its directive regarding objections to medical expenditures. See 

Thompson, 681 So. 2d at 728 ("An order that is indefinite or ambiguous may not be 

enforced by contempt." (citing Loury v. Loury, 431 So. 2d 701 (Fla. 2d DCA 1983))). 

We must also reverse the orders to the extent that the Former Husband was required to 

reimburse the Former Wife $851.37 for the children's medical expenses because this 

finding was not supported by competent, substantial evidence. It appears the 

magistrate relied on the medical records and receipts attached to the Former Wife's 

motion as support of this finding. However, "[d]ocuments attached as exhibits to a 

motion are not evidence." Waliagha v. Kaiser, 989 So. 2d 660, 661 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008). 

These exhibits were not admitted into evidence at the hearing, and none of the 

testimony elicited at the hearing constituted competent, substantial evidence of the 

amount owed by the Former Husband to the Former Wife for his share of the children's 

medical expenses. Though we agree with the Former Husband that the trial court erred 
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in accepting the magistrate's finding regarding the amount owed, we do not agree that 

the Former Wife carries the burden of establishing that the expenses are reasonable 

and necessary. As clarified by the trial court in adopting the magistrate's recommended 

order, it is the Former Husband's burden to demonstrate by competent, substantial 

evidence that the medical expenses are unreasonable and unnecessary. 

Accordingly, we reverse the trial court's orders to the extent that the 

Former Husband was found to be in civil contempt. Though premature at this time, if 

the Former Husband fails to comply with the court's orders going forward his conduct 

may support a future contempt proceeding. We also reverse as to the amount the 

Former Husband was ordered to pay the Former Wife for his share of the children's 

medical expenses and remand for further proceedings. 

Affirmed in part; reversed in part; remanded. 

SILBERMAN and WALLACE, JJ., Concur.