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PLANES OF FAME AIR MUSEUM

GENERAL MAINTENANCE MANUAL
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LOG OF REVISIONS

REVISION NUMBER CHAPTERS REVISED DATE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

PREFACE............................................................................................................4

COMPANY OFFICES AND BASE LOCATIONS................................................5

FAA OFFICE .......................................................................................................5

RESPONSIBILITY FOR AIRWORTHINESS......................................................6

COMPANY AUTHORIZATIONS.........................................................................6

LOCATION OF MAINTENANCE RECORDS.....................................................7

OPERATIONAL AND SAFETY INFORMATION................................................7

INTRODUCTION
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PREFACE

Company Name: Our legal company name is

Planes of Fame Air Museum but in this manual, 

we use the shortened name of PoF orcompany.

This General Maintenance Manual (GMM) has

been prepared referencing Federal Aviation 

Regulations Parts 91, 119 and 135. The 

procedures and policies contained herein

supplement the regulations and are considered

essential to good operational practices and

safety. If there is a question regarding

applicability, the FARs shall prevail.

The GMM is intended to provide operating and

maintenance procedures commensurate with

the highest degree of safety. The manual is

used for guidance by management, ground,

and maintenance personnel in the

maintenance of company aircraft in compliance

with the referenced FARs and company

General Operations Manual.

There are other publications and manuals used

by POF personnel in the conduct of

maintenance operations. These documents are

identified in the appropriate sections of this

manual.

Questions regarding the content of this manual

should be referred to the Director of

Maintenance.

The instructions contained in this manual are

designed to assist persons in the safe and

compliant operation of company aircraft. The

General Maintenance Manual should not be

considered a complete guide to all company

maintenance policies and procedures.

Specifically, it will not be utilized as a 

replacement for good judgment in daily

operations.

PURPOSE

The purpose of the manual is to outline the

procedures that are used to comply with all

applicable FAR's. Routine, non-routine,

preventative maintenance and alterations are

performed in accordance with the

specifications listed in the manufacturer's

maintenance manuals and FAA approved

data.

FAA approved data includes, but is not limited

to: Type Certificate Data Sheets, Aircraft

Specifications, Supplemental Type

Certificates, Airworthiness Directives, FAA 

Field Approvals (FAA Form 337), 

Manufacturers’ FAA Approved Data, 

Designated Engineering Representative 

Approved Data (FAA Form 8110-3),

designated alteration station approved data

and appliance manufacturers’manuals.

This manual provides a program that satisfies

the requirements of the Living History Flight 

Experience exemption (LHFE) for aircraft that 

are operated under that program.

INTRODUCTION
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COMPANY OFFICES AND BASE

LOCATIONS

Our main company offices are located at the

following site. 

BUSINESS OFFICE and MAIN 

OPERATIONS BASE

PLANES OF FAME AIR MUSEUM

7000 Merrill Avenue #17

Chino, CA 91710

Phone: 909.597.3722

Functions at ThisLocation:

• Maintenance management and

senior staff

• Records management

• Archived information

• Line-level maintenance

• Other higher maintenance events

• Component overhaul or exchanges

• Parts supply and inventory control

• Maintenance training

• Individual aircraft maintenance

records (unless identified otherwise 

in the Air- craft-Specific 

Maintenance and Inspection 

document in this manual.

RESPONSIBLE FAA OFFICE

The Riverside FSDO has overall oversight

and responsibility for our air operations.

Riverside Flight Standards DistrictOffice

6961 Flight Rd, Riverside, CA 92504

(951) 276-6701
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RESPONSIBILITY FOR 

AIRWORTHINESS

POF is responsible for the airworthiness of 

company aircraft including airframes, engines,

appliances and parts.

POF has the necessary facilities, equip- ment 

and personnel to either perform or di- rectly 

oversee the maintenance, preventive

maintenance and alterations on company aircraft. The actual maintenance and inspections 

may be performed away from our maintenance 

base under our supervision and oversight. 

This manual is used in conjunction with FAR 

Parts 43, 65, 91, 135, 145, NTSB Part 830

and other relevant publications.

All applicable aircraft, engine and component

manufacturers’ maintenance manuals are 

considered part of thismanual.

COMPANY AUTHORIZATIONS

POF is authorized to perform, and/or arrange with other persons to perform maintenance and alterations on company aircraft as

provided in this manual.

POF is authorized to approve any maintenance, preventative maintenance and alterations performed for return to service. However,

in the case of a major repair or alterations, 

the work must be performed in accordance 

with technical data approved by the

Administrator.

MANUAL REVISIONS

Manual revisions are maintained for review. Once

revisions are approved, they are distributed to the 

manual holders. The sign-off form is used to record 

the posting of manualrevisions.

Suggestions for revisions to this manual should be 

submitted in writing to the Director of Maintenance. 

MANUAL REVISION RECORD

When a revision has been accomplished, the

manual holder shall record the change on the

Manual Revision Record. The manual holder should 

sign and date the form and return it to the Director

of Maintenance. The signature on the form is used 

as verification that the revision has been inserted in

the manual. A copy of the form is included in the

Forms chapter.

Each manual holder is responsible for ensuring that 

revisions are promptly inserted into the manual.

The Director of Maintenance is responsible for

updating the GMM.

The Director of Maintenance is responsible for

reviewing the manual on a continuous basis.

Revisions are issued on an “as required basis”

in response to an internal or FAArequest.

MANUAL DISTRIBUTION

A complete copy of this General Maintenance

Manual is distributed as follows:

• Director of Operations,

• Director of Maintenance,

• * The aircraft

* The requirement for a copy of the manual in 

the aircraft may be met by ensuring that a 

manual is available wherever maintenance is 

performed or the carrying of or access to an 

electronic version of the manual, which may 

include an Internet-based access to the GMM. In 

the case that no computer is available, the 

Director of maintenance will provide a faxed 

copy.

The COMPANY MASTER copy of the General 

Maintenance Manual is maintained by the 
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Director of Maintenance and represents the 

most current copy of this manual.

The requirement for the Director of 

Maintenance to maintain a copy of the manual 

may be satisfied by ensuring that a manual is 

available at our operations base. Individual 

manuals are not required.

NOTES, CAUTIONS ANDWARNINGS

Notes, Cautions and Warnings are used

throughout this manual to focus attention on

special considerations, conditions, practices and

procedures.

NOTE: Notes are used to highlight special

considerations, conditions, practices and procedures.

CAUTION: Cautions are used to call attention to 

policies or procedures that, if not strictly observed, could result in damage toequipment.

WARNING: Warnings are used to call attention to 

policies or procedures that, if not strictly observed, 

could result in injury or loss of life.

LOCATION OF MAINTENANCE RECORDS

Because we operate a mixture of aircraft and 

some of the same make and models of aircraft

may have different inspection programs, we have 

structured this manual so we have general 

information in the main body chapters and

aircraft specific information held in aircraft

specific manuals located at the company 

operations base. Specific information may 

include:

• Logbooks: Where the aircraft andengine

logbooks are kept and what entries are

made in them.

• Aircraft Maintenance Logs (AMLs):Where

the aircraft’s flight and maintenance logs

are kept when they are completed. This

includes any other related maintenance

documents.

• Inspection Records: Specifics on the aircraft’s inspection program and where

those records are kept. Details of the inspection program administration are generally kept separately in an inspection

program binder.

• Work Orders: Where the work orders are

kept.

• Component Tags and 8130s: Where the

component tags and any related 8130s

are kept.

• AD and SB Records: Where the AD and

SB records are kept.

• Any other documents that may be

specific to a given aircraft.
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OPERATIONAL AND SAFETY

INFORMATION

The Director of Operations and the Director of

Maintenance are responsible for reviewing operational and maintenance information to ensure that new unincorporated technical information is disseminated to POFpersonnel.

Changes affecting any flight operation or procedure shall be reviewed and coordinated with

the Director of Operations and the Director of

Maintenance. Additional data received between manual revisions is also reviewed by the

Director of Operations and the Director of

Maintenance. If necessary, information will be

immediately incorporated into a manual

revision.

FAA BULLETINS, ALERTS AND

MANUFACTURER’S DATA

FAA Bulletins, Alerts and Manufacturer’s Data

are forwarded to POF by the FAA, service

bulletins, advisory directives, Aircraft Flight

Manual (AFM) changes and industrysources.

IMMEDIATE DISSEMINATION

It is the responsibility of the Director of Operations and the Director of Maintenance, as appropriate, to disseminate immediate action information to the appropriate POF personnel by 

whatever means possible.

WARNING: Information that would affect safety 

of flight operations may result in the immediate 

grounding of POF aircraft.

AIRCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL (AFM)

CHANGES

The Director of Operations is responsible for

disseminating to crewmembers any information

or changes to POF’s operational policies,

procedures or manuals and shall ensure all

operational revisions are properlyposted.

NOTE: AFM changes may require immediate

dissemination due to changes to flight or

maintenance procedures.

The Director of Maintenance is responsible for

manual distribution, tracking, revision control

and recording for POF’s manualsystem.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

AGING AIRPLANE INSPECTIONS ANDRECORDS REVIEWS..................10

MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS .........................................................................10

FAA RELATIONS..............................................................................................11

ANTI-DRUG PROGRAM ..................................................................................11

SIGNATURE POLICY.......................................................................................11

RECORDING MAINTENANCE ........................................................................11

CORRECTING MISTAKES OR ERRORS .......................................................11

MAINTENANCE ADMINISTRATION

AND ORGANIZATION
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AGING AIRPLANE INSPECTIONS AND

RECORDS REVIEWS

The Director of Maintenance can use many 

resources for assistance with aging aircraft 

record reviews and inspections. POF routinely 

inspects and monitors its aircraft for aging 

aircraft issues. The Director of Maintenance 

will conduct an annual review of records to 

include logbook entries, ADs, STC, TCDS, 

aircraft operational history and service 

bulletins. 

The Director of Maintenance is also 

encouraged to participate in aircraft type clubs 

and develop relationships with operators of like 

aircraft for the sharing of maintenance and 

safety information regarding our rare aircraft. 

POF will continue to apply preventative 

measures for corrosion control and to inspect 

airframes for fatigue. The Director of 

Maintenance may use any advisory circular, 

data from a manufacturer, or any special 

inspection provided in the AIP to monitor aging 

aircraft issues.

A few reference documents are listed below:

• AC 20-106, Aircraft Inspection for the 

General Aviation Aircraft Owner

• AC 43-4A, Corrosion Control for Aircraft

• AC 43-12A, Preventative Maintenance

• AC 43.13-1B, Acceptable Methods, 

Techniques, and Practices - Aircraft Inspection 

and Repair

• ANC Bulletin-18, Design of Wood Aircraft 

Structures

• 14 CFR 43.15, Appendix D, Scope and Detail 

of Items (as Applicable to the Particular 

Aircraft) To Be Included in Annual and 100-

Hour Inspections

MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS

POF is responsible for the airworthiness

of our aircraft and for compliance with the 

FARs and thismanual.

The Director of Maintenance ensures that

each contract maintenance facility has 

access to the maintenance manuals for a 

particular aircraft. The facility shall follow 

the instructions and procedures 

contained in the FARs, manufacturer's 

maintenance manuals and other technical 

data while performing maintenance or 

alterations on POF aircraft.

AIRCRAFT INSPECTION PROGRAMS

Each general aviation aircraft, even 

aircraft of the same make and model, 

may have a separate manual outlining 

the inspection program for that specific 

aircraft. The inspection program has its 

own manual, control procedures, forms 

and reports, which must be followed and 

approval.

SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE

The scheduled maintenance program

element refers to maintenance tasks 

performed at the intervals prescribed by the 

approved maintenance program.

Some maintenance tasks are accomplished

concurrently with inspection tasks that are

part of the inspection program and may be

documented on the same form. Other tasks

are accomplished independently.

The scheduled tasks include replacement of

life-limited items, components requiring replacement for periodic overhaul, special

inspections such as X-rays, checks or tests

for on-condition items, lubrications, etc.

UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE

Inspection discrepancy forms, including the

Aircraft Maintenance Log (AML), are used

for processing unscheduled maintenance 

tasks in conjunction with scheduled 

inspections. Instructions and standards for

unscheduled maintenance are provided in 

the Mechanical Irregularities chapter of this

manual.

The unscheduled maintenance program

element provides procedures, instructions

and standards for the accomplishment of

GMM PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
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maintenance tasks generated by the 

inspection and scheduled maintenance 

elements, pilot reports, failure analysis or 

otherindications.

Procedures for reporting, recording, 

and processing inspection findings, 

operational malfunctions, or abnormal 

operations such as hard landings, are 

an essential part of this element.

ENGINE AND APPLIANCE REPAIR

AND OVERHAUL

This program element concerns shop

operations that encompass scheduled and

unscheduled maintenance tasks that are

performed on components or appliances

that have been removed from the aircraft.

Instructions, standards and the means for

certifying and recording the 

accomplishment of work are included. 

Life-limited parts replacement 

requirements are included in this element.

FAA RELATIONS

Company personnel are expected to

cooper- ate with FAA Inspectors and 

respond to FAA inquiries. FAA inspectors 

generally will coordinate visits and 

contacts with the Director of Maintenance.

POF is responsible for making

maintenance records available to the FAA 

for inspection. Normally, the FAA provides 

advance notice of their requirements to 

permit the Maintenance Department an 

opportunity to gather and organize the 

records. Original maintenance records 

shall not be removed from the premises 

without specific approval from the Director 

of Maintenance.

ANTI-DRUG PROGRAM

All personnel in safety sensitive positions

shall comply with the FAA Anti-Drug and

Alcohol Programs under the terms of the 

Sightseeing LOA. POF personnel are

covered under a drug testing consortia, a 

medical organization that is licensed by the

Department of Transportation to administer

drug-testing programs. For more complete 

details contact the Director of Maintenance.

Contract and vendor repair stations must

provide the Director of Maintenance with a

copy of a valid letter approving the anti-drug

program for the aircraft on the LOA. The 

letters are retained by the drug program 

administrator and are available to the FAA

for review and validation.

SIGNATURE POLICY

POF employees will use their full first and

last name for signing work accomplished.

Procedures on some forms may require a

certificate (A&P) number and/or employee

number to be included with thesignature.

Maintenance accomplished by repair

stations will be certified in accordance with 

the repair station procedures as authorized 

by the Director of Maintenance. 

RECORDING MAINTENANCE

The employee’s full first and last name is

required for certifying work accomplishment.

Block printing is required on all POF forms

except when signatures are required.

Procedures on some forms will require a

certificate (A&P) number and/or employee 

number to be included with the signature.

Work accomplished by Repair Stations may

be certified in accordance with the Repair

Station Procedures as authorized by the 

POF Director of Maintenance. The use of

stamps by Certified Repair Stations with 

approved inspection procedures is 

acceptable when authorized by the Director 

ofMaintenance.

CORRECTING MISTAKES

OR ERRORS

Regrettably, mistakes and errors will

happen. It is company policy to 

recognize the mistakes and take 

corrective action as soon as possible. If 

the error results in an aircraft being

un- airworthy, it shall be immediately

grounded regardless of location.

If an erroneous entry was made in a written

record, it shall be corrected by a written

entry describing the error and signed by the

person making the correction.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

INSPECTION FORMS ..................................................................................... 13

PERMANENT AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE RECORDS ................................ 13

AIRCRAFT INSPECTION STATUS................................................................. 13

AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVE COMPLIANCE RECORD............................ 13

SERVICE BULLETIN COMPLIANCE RECORD............................................. 13

AIRCRAFT FLIGHT LOG................................................................................. 13

AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LOG................................................................... 14

CALIBRATION OF PRECISION TOOLS......................................................... 14

COMPONENT / PARTS TAGS........................................................................ 14

WORK INTERRUPTION .................................................................................. 15

INCOMMING PARTS AND MATERIAL INSPECTION ................................... 15

MAINTENANCE RECORDING
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INSPECTION FORMS

Inspection forms usually consist of single 

and multiple-sheet pre-printed forms. Each 

aircraft may have a different form since all 

inspection programs are not the same due 

to aircraft differences. It is critical that

persons using the forms are familiar with the

differences in regards layouts, entering

information and processes for updating the 

forms and records.

If a discrepancy is discovered, the

corrective action may be recorded on a 

separate worksheet. 

PERMANENT AIRCRAFT

MAINTENANCE RECORDS

GENERAL

The aircraft and engine records are maintained by the Director of Maintenance or

delegate and are filed with the aircraft’s

permanent maintenance records at the POF

home base.

The records include the following required entries:

• Scheduled inspections,

• Serial-numbered part andcomponent

changes,

• AD and SB compliance,

• Life-limited part changes,

• Major structural repairs and alterations,

• Other information determined by the

Director of Maintenance.

AIRCRAFT AND ENGINE RECORDS

Logbook entries for the airframe, engines and

accessories must be updated after a maintenance 

action accomplished in accordance with this

manual.

The following are permanent aircraft maintenance 

records required to be maintained by the Director 

of Maintenance:

• Aircraft Flight and Maintenance Logs,

• Component 8130-3s,

• Component / Parts Tags,

• Computerized Maintenance Records,

• Aircraft / Engine Logbooks, and

• Outside Maintenance Work Orders and

Records.

AIRCRAFT INSPECTION STATUS

All maintenance reports are maintained by the

Director of Maintenance.

The aircraft’s inspection status is updated to the 

tracking program. After each update, a copy is 

made of the tracking report that shows the current 

inspection status of theaircraft.

AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVE

COMPLIANCE RECORD

The inspection program report provides a record of 

ADs and when they were complied with. Each AD is 

carefully reviewed by the Director of Maintenance to 

ensure its applicability to the aircraft and if or when

compliance with the AD is required.

Once an AD has been identified as applicable to a 

given aircraft the Director of Maintenance

determines how we will comply with it if the work is 

done in-house or, if necessary, determines what 

maintenance vendors or third-party sources may be 

contracted to complete the AD.

COMPLETION OF THE AIRWORTHINESS

DIRECTIVE COMPLIANCE RECORD

Entries will be made only by a qualified

mechanic or inspector. It is the Director of

Maintenance’s responsibility to ensure all

entries are complete and accurate.

SERVICE BULLETIN COMPLIANCE

RECORD

Manufacturer's Service Bulletins are managed

MAINTENANCE RECORDING
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as follows:

• Compliance with Mandatory Service

Bulletins shall be in accordance the

Inspection Program the aircraft is 

maintained under.

• Under certain circumstances, it is

acceptable to deviate from the 

requirements of this paragraph provided 

deviation is recommended or agreed to 

by the manufacturer and approved by

FAA.

Any deviation / variation from approved

data must be obtained in writing from the

Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) or 

the FAA by the Director of Maintenance. A 

copy of the authorization shall be placed on 

file with the original instruction at the

maintenance base. 

AIRCRAFT FLIGHT LOG

The Aircraft Flight Log, (AFL), is completed by the 

flight crew and qualified maintenance personnel. It 

is the responsibility of the Captain to ensure the 

accuracy of theentries.

Aircraft and crewmember flight times and other 

required information is captured on the AFL. 

FLIGHT TIME 

The flight crew enters the aircraft landings,

and flight times. Flight times are recorded in 

hours and tenths.

PILOT’S SIGNATURE

The Pilot shall sign the AFL certifying the

accuracy of the recordedinformation.

AIRCRAFT DISCREPANCIES

Discrepancies will be noted on the Aircraft 

Discrepancy Sheet for the appropriate aircraft 

as soon as possible. 

AIRCRAFT FLIGHT SHEET BOOK PAGES

Log pages maintained in file cabinets at 

POF.

AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LOG

The Aircraft Maintenance Log, (AML) is used to 

record aircraft discrepancies and maintenance

activities.

Log pages are numbered and maintained in the

aircraft.

Discrepancies may be entered either by the flight 

crew or by a mechanic.

Enter the serial number from this form onto the AFL 

in the aircraft discrepancies blocks. This alerts the 

next crew and maintenance to a maintenance

discrepancy.

COMPLETION OF THE AIRCRAFT

MAINTENANCE LOG FORM

Entries may be accomplished by flight crewmembers or qualified mechanics; however, it is the 

Captain’s responsibility to ensure all entries are 

complete and accurate.

CALIBRATION OF PRECISION

TOOLS

The Director of Maintenance is 

responsible for assuring that the 

precision tools used, such as meters, 

gauges, torque wrenches, etc. are

properly calibrated in accordance with

applicable published specifications.

POF’s precision tools are calibrated 

according to a schedule established by 

themanufacturer.

The Director of Maintenance will schedule calibration 

of precision tools as required and will keep a record 

of these activities.

COMPONENT / PARTS TAGS

POF uses the tags of approved maintenance 

facilities and suppliers. These tags all look different 

depending on where they come from but they are 

generally divided into serviceable, unserviceable 

or information/data tags. Some are one-part forms 

and others are multipart with a section you can 

NOTE: When a discrepancy is entered into 

the Aircraft Maintenance Log, the aircraft is 

considered grounded until the discrepancy is 

either repaired or deferred in accordance with 

the MEL.
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separate and file as per the desires of the 

Director of Maintenance.

A tag will be attached to a component upon

removal from the aircraft.

Component tags attached to the permanent

record of the aircraft, engine or component

(Aircraft Maintenance Logs or associated

FAA 8130-3’s).

Unsalvageable aircraft parts, components

and materials will be disposed of in

accordance with FAA AC 21-38.

NOTE: Refer to AC 21-29B, or later revision,

for procedures for reporting suspected

unapproved parts.

PROTECTION OF TAGS

It is costly, time consuming and difficult to

document an aircraft, engine or component

status without proper tags. 

UNSERVICEABLE TAG

When used, the RED tag is attached to

parts removed from the aircraft that are 

no longer serviceable or repairable. The 

word “Unserv- iceable” is on the tag.

WORK INTERRUPTION

A GROUNDED tag is attached to the aircraft 

control yoke on the flight deck whenever an 

inspection or discrepancy renders the aircraft 

unairworthy. 

Any item that is red tagged must not be

placed on an aircraft and the tag shall not be

removed from the part or component. It is

possible that an examination by the part or

component manufacturer or an authorized

repair facility, will find the item to be

repairable. The tag shall be attached to the

component upon removal from the aircraft.

Entries must be made by a qualified mechanic

or inspector.

To meet requirements pertaining to suspected

unapproved parts the items that have been

red tagged should be isolated in a locked

storage area and additions to or removals

should be coordinated with the Director of

Maintenance.

SERVICEABLE TAG

A YELLOW Serviceable tag may be used to identify 

parts/components removed from an aircraft that are 

still serviceable and may be placed back on an

aircraft.

The tag has an area for work order or Aircraft

Maintenance Log information to identify action that 

resulted in the removal of the part/component.

Entries are made only by a qualified mechanic or

inspector.

REPAIRABLE TAG

A GREEN Repairable tag may be used to

identify parts/components removed from an

aircraft that are deemed repairable by a

qualified mechanic orinspector.

Entries are made only by a qualified mechanic

or inspector.

COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION TAG

A WHITE Component Identification Tag may

be used to identify parts/components received, or taken from an aircraft. Generally,

this is used in conjunction with other tags,

such as Condemned, Serviceable, Repairable, or the parts identification tags that are on

parts received. A sample of the tag is at the

end of this chapter.

INCOMING PARTS AND MATERIAL

INSPECTION

DESCRIPTION OFINSPECTION

The purpose of this inspection is to determine

the quality, eligibility, identification and

condition of approved aeronautical

replacement parts and materials that are used 

during the course of maintenance, preventive

maintenance, or alteration of any aircraft, 

aircraft engine, propeller, appliance or 

component part to detect and report 

suspected unapproved parts and to identify 

materials with limited shelf lives.

DISCREPANCY ACTION REQUIRED

Report any suspected unapproved parts

immediately to the Director of Maintenance or

his delegate for evaluation. If warranted the

Director of Maintenance will file an FAA Form
16

8120-11 "Suspected Unapproved Parts

Notification" and coordinate follow-up 

with theFAA.

Reject for use any materials with expired

shelf-life dates.

Reject and place in an inspection hold

status any container or material with

obvious damage and notify the Director of

Maintenance or their designated 

representative for disposition.

Reject for use any parts or materials that

fail initial inspection. Place items in an 

inspection hold status and report 

discrepancies to the Director of

Maintenance who will evaluate any 

supplier problems and evaluate if a 

hidden damage inspection will be

required.

INCOMING PARTS/MATERIALS

INSPECTION PROCEDURES AND

CRITERIA

Inspect packaging or part for external

evi- dence of shipping damage or other

evidence of damage.

Cross check purchase orders with the

delivery receipts for proper part number 

or component history card. Verify that 

part identification requirements have not 

been tampered with (e.g.; Serial 

numbers stamped over, Improper or 

missing labels, etching of serial

numbers at other than normal locations,

etc.)

Inspect parts for visual defects and

abnormali- ties (e.g. altered or unusual 

surfaces, absence of required plating, 

evidence, or prior usage, scratches, 

new paint over old, attempted exte- rior 

repair, pitting or corrosion, etc.)

Inspect parts certification paperwork to

determine if the part is an APPROVED

serviceable replacement part. Approved 

parts are identified by one of the 

following means:

• By an FAA form 8130-3 Airworthiness

Approval Tag.

• By and FAA Technical Standard Order

(TSO) number and identification markings.

• Serviceable tag or requisition form executed in accordance with the provisions of

FAR 43.9.

• By an FAA/PMA symbol, along with the

manufacture's name, trademark or symbol,

part number, and the make and model of

the type certificated product on which the

part is eligible for installation, stamped on

the part. The make and model information 

may be on a tag attached to the part.

• By shipping ticket, invoice or other document which provides evidence that the part 

was produced by a manufacturer holding an 

FAA Approved Production In- spection 

System issued under FAR 21, subpart G.

For materials that require materials certification 

paperwork (materials used in aircraft interiors, etc.) 

ensure that the appropriate paperwork (8110, 

8130-3, etc.) is provided. Stock items such as AN 

hardware require proper traceability (certificate of 

conformance, 8130, etc.) as well.

DISCREPANCY ACTIONS REQUIRED

Process Steps:

• When parts / material fail to meet the

receiving criteria, the receiving 

inspector will place the Part / material 

in an inspection hold status along with 

an explanation of the reason for

rejection.

• It is the responsibility of the receiving

Inspector to ensure segregation of the 

part / material from normal stock until

disposition can be determined.

The receiving Inspector will notify the Director

of Maintenance of items requiring disposition.

The Director of Maintenance will make a

determination regarding disposition of the

article
17

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

MAINTENANCE CATEGORIES ...................................................................... 18

AIRCRAFT CLEANING.................................................................................... 19

MAINTENANCE CHECK FLIGHTS................................................................. 20

FAA ACCESS TO RECORDS ......................................................................... 21

WEIGHT & BALANCE...................................................................................... 21

MAINTENANCE
18

MAINTENANCE CATEGORIES

GENERAL

POF’s General Maintenance Manual di- vides 

maintenance practices into different

categories corresponding to the required

maintenance actions outlined in this manual.

The categories are:

• Scheduled Maintenance;

• Unscheduled Maintenance;

• Preventative Maintenance;

• Major Alterations and Repairs;

• Maintenance Practices;

• Inspections.

The Director of Maintenance is responsible for

the maintenance, preventative maintenance,

alterations and major repairs of POF’s aircraft including airframes, engines, appliances,

emergency equipment and parts.

The Director of Maintenance is responsible for

the inspection of any maintenance, preventative maintenance, alterations and major repairs of the POF aircraft including air- frames, 

engines, appliances, emergency equipment 

and parts.

These responsibilities will be executed in accordance with the applicable manufacturers'

maintenance manuals, FAA Regulations and

FAA accepted/approved POFmanuals.

The efficient planning, scheduling and controlling of the flow of company aircraft through

maintenance facilities is basic to the overall

maintenance plan.

In the event of a conflict between the POF

procedures outlined in this manual and FAA

Regulations, the FAA Regulations willprevail.

The maintenance administrative functions outlined in this manual are applicable to maintenance and inspections performed by both

POF employees and contractpersonnel.

SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE

Scheduled maintenance such as discrepancies, letter checks, and inspections of airframe, engines, and components are recorded

using the inspection tracking forms and the

AML.

UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE

Unscheduled maintenance is performed in

accordance with the instructions in this manual. In some cases such as lightning strikes,

overweight landings and engine changes, preprinted worksheets are available. All unscheduled maintenance must be recorded in

the maintenance log with a cross reference to

the approved data used in the performance of

the inspection.

Procedures may be copied from the appropriate section of the maintenance manual and

the mechanic performing the check initiates

each step. These procedures are then

attached to the AML.

PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE

Preventative maintenance is a series of prescribed maintenance actions performed to

maintain an aircraft structure, system, assembly, item or component in serviceable and airworthy condition.

MAINTENANCE
19

MAJOR REPAIR OR ALTERATIONS

The Director of Maintenance will determine if

the repair or alteration is a major or minor

modification based on aircraft specifications

issued by the FAA and FAR Part 43 Appendix

A.

Major repair and alterations will be recorded

on FAA Form 337. Certified repair stations

may use their work order form to record major

repairs in accordance with FAR 43 Appendix

B.

All major repairs and alterations must be performed using FAA approved data including but

not limited to Type Certificate Data Sheets,

Aircraft Specifications, Supplemental Type

Certificates, Airworthiness Directives, FAA

Field Approval (FAA Form 337), Manufacturer’s FAA Approved Data, Designated Engineering Representative Approved Data with

FAA Form 8110-3 Statement of Compliance,

Designated Alteration Station Approved Data

and Appliance Manufacturer’sManuals.

MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

Procedures for maintenance, preventive maintenance, servicing and inspections for our aircraft are located in the Aircraft Maintenance

Manuals (AMMs). 

INSPECTIONS

Inspections are specific maintenance checks

designed to detect unsatisfactory conditions

and/or discrepancies in:

• Internal or external structure;

• An item, component or assembly;

• Engine installation or sub-system.

AIRCRAFT CLEANING

WARNING: A careful inspection of all static

ports, pitot tubes and any other aircraft

probes shall be made to ensure the sensory 

ports are free and clear of coverings or debris.

WARNING: Incidents have occurred when

clear tape has been used to blank pitot-static

ports. Examine each port closely to ensure

that blockages are completely removed before

flight. The use of clear tape for blanking purposes is not approved by POF.
20

MAINTENANCE CHECK FLIGHTS

The purpose of a maintenance check flight is

to verify and document the airworthiness and

flight characteristics of the aircraft and/or aircraft engines, appliances, etc. after they have

undergone maintenance, repair, alteration or

replacement.

Prior to accomplishing a maintenance check

flight, the assigned flight crew shall be briefed

by the Director of Maintenance, or a designee,

on the conditions and reasons for the flight

and how the performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft may have beenaffected.

Maintenance check flights shall be conducted

subject to the following limitations:

• Essential crew only;

• VFR weather conditions;

• During daylight hours;

• Upon completion of the maintenance flight,

the aircraft is returned to the appropriate

maintenance personnel so the proper

entries can be accomplished;

• No maintenance flight may be accomplished with cargo or passengers on

board;

• Maintenance flights must receive prior

authorization from the Director of Maintenance and the Director of Operations or a

designee.

The Director of Maintenance determines when

a maintenance flight is required; however, a

maintenance flight to verify airworthiness of

the following items is mandatory:

ENGINES

A maintenance check flight shall be accomplished following the replacement, major repair or rigging change of one or moreengines.

Maintenance check flight rules apply equally

to overhauled, repaired, loaner or replacement

engines installed on POF aircraft.

AIRFRAME

A maintenance check flight is required after

replacement of any major flight control surface, such as flaps, ailerons, elevators, rudder, wing, vertical fin or horizontal stabilizer.

MAJOR COMPONENTS

A maintenance check flight is required whenever a complete system or assembly consisting of several units or sub-units that if improperly installed, repaired or overhauled might

affect the airworthiness of the aircraft or reliability of that system (landing gear, pressurization system).
21

FAA ACCESS TO RECORDS

FARs require maintenance records be made

available for inspection by the FAA or a representative of the NTSB.

Maintenance records are maintained at POF’s 

principal maintenance base unless otherwise 

approved by the Director of Maintenance. If 

these records are maintained at any location 

other than the principal maintenance base, 

this information shall be made known to the 

FAA, the NTSB and others that may re- quire 

access to the maintenancerecords.

If the FAA requests records that are not at the

POF’s principal maintenance base, POF will 

have the required documents forwarded to 

POF principle maintenance base in a time 

that is acceptable to the FAA or NTSB.

WEIGHT AND BALANCE

The aircraft is weighed when necessary to 

determine the aircraft empty weight and 

corresponding center of gravity positions.

It is the responsibility of the Director of

Maintenance to monitor and record all

weight changes affecting the aircraft.

AIRCRAFT WEIGHING POLICY

The aircraft shall be weighed according to the

manufacturer’s instructions to determine the

new weight and center of gravity. Weight and

balance information is recorded using approved forms from the company performing

the task.

The Director of Maintenance will ensure that

weight and balance information is properly

recorded and controlled. Weight and balance

information will be disseminated asfollows:

• Airplane Flight Manual;

• Aircraft Inspection Program;

• Software or other programs used by the 

crewmembers and flight operations

personnel;

• Permanent aircraft records.

WEIGHING SCALES

Only approved scales shall be used for weighing POF aircraft. The scales must be properly 

calibrated and operated in accordance with the 

manufacturer'sinstructions.

NOTE: Aircraft scales must have been calibrated by the manufacturer or other certifying

agency within one year prior to the weighing of 

any POF aircraft.

COMPUTING AIRCRAFT

WEIGHT AND BALANCE

Crewmember procedures for computing

the aircraft weight and balance for any 

given flight are located in the operations

manual.
22

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

MECHANICAL IRREGULARITIES .................................................................. 23

MECHANICAL IRREGULARITIES
23

MECHANICAL IRREGULARITIES

GENERAL

Federal Aviation Regulations require that

the Pilot-in-Command shall enter, or have

entered, each mechanical irregularity

occurring during flight time. Each 

irregularity (discrepancy) noted by the 

flightcrew or a mechanic is recorded on 

the AML at the end of that flight.

Regulations require that prior to each

flight, the Pilot-in-Command shall 

determine that each discrepancy has 

been properly cleared or deferred

according to 91.213 (a) and (d).

CORRECTIVE ACTION

It is not the intention of the 91.213 to permit 

indefinite operations with an item that is 

inoperative. It is the policy of POF to correct

deferred discrepancies as soon as 

procurement of parts, special tools or 

facilities allow.

All deferred items will be placarded INOP as 

per 91.213.

MECHANICAL IRREGULARITIES
24

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

MAINTENANCE TRAINING................................................................................1

TRAINING RECORDING....................................................................................1

MAINTENANCE TRAINING
25

MAINTENANCE TRAINING

GENERAL

All maintenance personnel will be properly

trained in the policies and procedures required to perform their duties. Appendix 1 

contains the POF Maintenance Training 

program.

The Director of Maintenance may develop

training programs, manuals and other applicable training material based on input from

the manufacturers and the aviation industry.

It is the responsibility of the Director of Maintenance to ensure all maintenance personnel

are adequately trained to perform their assigned duties.

In-house training is accomplished to ensure

that personnel are familiar with the procedures outlined in this manual with respect to

their assigned and authorizedduties.

All maintenance personnel receive recurrent

training on our GMM procedures every twelve

months. Such training includes review, reinforcement and upgrade of all training in both

company procedures and aircraft technical

subjects, systems and other safety related 

items. 

TRAINING RECORDING

All maintenance personnel are trained in the

contents and use of the General Maintenance

Manual. This training is entered either on the

computer or printed records that are acceptable to the Director ofMaintenance.

COMPLETION OF THE MECHANIC

TRAINING RECORD

Only a qualified mechanic or inspector will

make entries in a training record. It is the responsibility of the Director of Maintenance to

ensure all entries are complete and accurate.

The Director of Maintenance maintains

the mechanic training records.

MAINTENANCE TRAINING
26

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

AUTHORIZED REPAIR FACILITIES............................................................... 27

VENDOR SERVICES
27

AUTHORIZED REPAIR FACILITIES

GENERAL

Contracted maintenance will be performed by

Maintenance Facilities and individuals that are

authorized by the Director of Maintenance after 

demonstrating that they are properly equipped, 

qualified and have an organization adequate to 

perform the maintenance intended. Unless 

specified in this manual, preventative 

maintenance and alterations will be performed 

per the manufacturer’s engine, propeller,

component, maintenance or overhaul 

specifications and in accordance with the

manufacturer's maintenance manual.

If maintenance must be performed at a

facility not previously authorized and the 

facility is properly equipped, qualified and 

has an organization adequate to accomplish 

the maintenance, the Director of 

Maintenance may authorize the facility to 

perform limited maintenance on our aircraft.

AUTHORIZED REPAIR FACILITIES
28

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PARAGRAPH PAGE

GENERAL ........................................................................................................ 29

GROUND HANDLING REQUIREMENTS....................................................... 29

FLIGHT CREW REQUIREMENTS.................................................................. 30

TOWING AIRCRAFT ....................................................................................... 30

AIRCRAFT GROUND OPERATION................................................................ 31

ENGINE START SEQUENCE ......................................................................... 33

AIRCRAFT TAXI AND RUN-UP ...................................................................... 33

AIRCRAFT RADIO OPERATION .................................................................... 33

AIRCRAFT FUELING....................................................................................... 33

RAMP SIGNALS .............................................................................................. 34

GROUND OPERATIONS
29

GENERAL

We operate our general aviation aircraft on

the same ramp areas where other large aircraft operate and it is important that our flight 

crewmembers and ground personnel are

familiar with commonly used ground handling

procedures and signals used by ramp

personnel.

Often, when away from home base, the

ground personnel directing our aircraft will not

be POF personnel. It is important that our 

crews and ground personnel understand and 

comply with standardized ramp procedures 

and signals.

Line personnel whose responsibilities include

aircraft marshalling and ground servicing, regardless of titles, are to be trained with the

guidance of the Director of Maintenance. This

chapter is included so pilots and ground personnel have guidance available for the ground

handling of aircraft.

Marshallers are trained to assist pilots and 

taxi / tow personnel to position aircraft in a 

safe manner.

GROUND HANDLING REQUIREMENTS

Ground Personnel coordinating the safe

movement of aircraft and ground equipment

are termed many different titles (Wing

Watcher, Clearance Guide, Groundman, etc.).

Only personnel currently qualified and authorized as Ramp Qualified by the Chief 

Marshaller or Director of Maintenance shall 

assist and/or direct aircraft movement. 

Personnel not qualified shall give only a STOP

signal to an aircraft operator who is signaling

for guidance and shall secure assistance from

a marshaller as soon as possible.

Each Marshaller is responsible for giving 

proper signals in accordance with the applicable illustrations. When giving a Hand Signal, allow for “reasonable” personnel reaction 

times and equipment clearances for the

circumstances.

After a pilot reacts, it may take several feet for

an aircraft to stop. If an aircraft is turning, the

tail and wing tips will travel several times further than the gear because of the greater radius of track.

Each Marshaller is responsible for the safe 

operation in an assigned area when an

aircraft is moving. They shall immediately give

a STOP Signal anytime there is an indication

a signal is not being followed or understood,

or if there is any doubt the aircraft can be

moved safely.

GROUND OPERATIONS
30

Under no condition shall an aircraft be taxied,

towed, or pushed in a congested area where

any aircraft-to-object clearance is minimal,

unless, sufficient Aircraft Guidemen are used

to signal the clearance condition(s) as 

necessary for safe operation. In congested 

areas moving the wands or hands together or 

apart will continuously indicate relative

clearance.

Guidemen must guard against judgment errors due to viewing covering objects from a

distance. Get as close as possible to the likely

point of contact.

Personnel giving Hand Signals must remain

visible to the intended recipient of the signals

and as practical, must directly face the

recipient.

Ramp Qualification training will be recorded 

on and filed in the Director of Maintenance

office.

FLIGHT CREW REQUIREMENTS

Authorized personnel only shall be assigned

the responsibility for guiding or clearing aircraft 

into the ramp parking areas.

Whenever the taxiing is in close quarters and

requires guidance from ground personnel, it is

the pilot’s responsibility to stop the aircraft and

request assistance.

Pilots may follow a marshaller's hand

directional signals, but it is understood such

signals indicate clearance or lack of clearance

only. Marshallers must provide accurate hand

signal information.

TOWING AIRCRAFT

Before aircraft towing, all personnel are to familiarize themselves with the procedures laid

down in the aircraft maintenance manual or

the AFM.

Whenever practical the aircraft shall be towed

instead of taxied. Exercise care to prevent

damage to the aircraft and equipment, especially in congested areas where maneuvering

clearances are at a minimum or high winds

are prevailing. Use only approved tractors, 

tow bars, towropes, or cables, when towing

aircraft.

A least two qualified persons are required before an aircraft can be towed. Both tractor operator and aircraft operator must be qualified

in the proper procedures for aircraft towing on

the applicable equipment. The person 

designated to operate the aircraft brakes 

(brakeman) is to be trained by the Director of 

Maintenance or designee in the use of the 

hydraulic brake and emergency brake

systems.

Prior to towing any aircraft from a runway or

taxiway, etc., due to a malfunction and/or an

emergency condition, establish communications with the flight crew for any necessary 

requests or instructions.

Aircraft tow-tractor operators shall not tow or

push aircraft or operate tractor in congested

areas (i.e., in or around hangar, ramp, etc.),

where aircraft clearances are at a minimum,

unless one or more guidemen are stationed

as necessary to signal continuously the 

amount of clearance with hand signals.

Tow personnel will use an adequate number 

of guidemen for the operating conditions and 

clearance limits to safely move aircraft.
31

NOTE: Signals between the tractor

operator, aircraft operator, or guidemen 

may be oral if practical. When oral signals 

cannot be heard, hand signal procedures 

shall beused.

AIRCRAFT TOWING SIGNALS

We have oral and hand signaling

procedures for towing operations. It shall 

be the joint responsibility of the tractor 

operator and the air- craft operator to 

adhere strictly to the signaling procedures.

TRACTOR OPERATORRESPONSIBILITIES

Before towing the aircraft:

• Specific Aircraft: On some aircraft,

ensure the nose gear lock pins are 

installed and tailwheels are 

unlocked.

• Ensure all landing gear shock struts

are normally inflated, the aircraft’s 

c.g. is in “normal” range and all 

wheel chocks are removed.

• Ascertain exactly where the aircraft is to

be towed and positioned, and know (review) the precise course to be taken.

• Be familiar with existing conditions that

would affect or influence the how-whereand-why conditions under which the aircraft will be handled by the tractor.

• Note all potential clearance problems

such as obstructions to be avoided,

overhead obstacles and portable 

equipment that may be positioned in the 

path to follow.

• Move the aircraft only when visual

contact with all necessary guidemen is in

force. Obstructed vision is a signal to stop

and get the necessary guideman reestablished.

• When aircraft brakes are released, move the 

tractor slowly to avoid strain or dam- age to the 

aircraft structure. During tow, the tractor and 

aircraft must be adequately slowed or stopped 

before starting a turn in order to ensure that 

jackknifing does not occur.

The tractor operator is responsible for the overall 

towing and/or push back operation at all times.

AIRCRAFT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES

Keep both cockpit sliding windows open and all 

fuselage entrance doors closed during all towing

operations.

During aircraft towing, occupy the Captain’s seat at 

all times and accomplish the following items:

• Check the landing gear control handle is

DOWN, the three (3) green landing gear

indicating lights are ON.

• Ensure hydraulic system and emergency

air brake system pressures are up to the

minimum required for normal or emergency brake operation.

When a tractor is to be unattended, always set

brakes and turn the ignition OFF.

AIRCRAFT GROUND OPERATION

Only crewmembers or trained/qualified personnel may perform taxi and run-up procedures.

When taxiing into or away from ramp areas, the 

taxiing pilot shall follow the hand signals given by 

qualified guideman who assist in maneuvering the 

aircraft in those areas. The individual signaling the 

aircraft is responsible for determining the aircraft 

will clear all obstructions.

Hand signals utilized shall be as follows: 

The Taxi Signalman

The taxi signalman will indicate when ready to 

assume guidance of the aircraft by extending 

both arms perpendicularly at full length above 

the head, palms facing each other.
32

Position of Taxi Signalman

The taxi signalman, when directing the

movement of aircraft, assumes and maintains

a position from which the eyes of the taxiing

pilot are visible.

Come Ahead Signal

The taxi signalman directs the taxiing pilot to

taxi forward by raising both hands in front at

eye level, with elbows flexed and palms

turned toward face, and executing beckoning

motions therewith. The rapidity of hand motions will indicate the speed desired of the aircraft.

Right Turn Signal

To direct the taxiing pilot to turn right, the taxi

signalman executes the “Come Ahead” signal

with the right hand and at the same time will

point with the left hand to the wheel that is to

be braked (right wheel).

Left Turn Signal

To direct the taxiing pilot to turn left, the taxi

signalman executes the “Come Ahead” signal

with the left hand and at the same time will

point with the right hand to the wheel to be

braked (left wheel).

Stop Signal

To direct the taxiing pilot to stop, the taxi signalman raises both hands in front at eye level,

elbows flexed and palms turned toward the

aircraft.

Emergency Stop

Emergency Stop is executed in the same

manner as the stop signal however the hands

are clenched into fists.

Cut Engine Signal

To direct the crew to cut engines, the taxi signalman draws the extended fore finger of one

hand across the neck. If desired to cut only

one engine the other hand shall point to the

engine to be cut.

Insert Chocks Signal

To direct the insertion of chocks, the taxi signalman sweeps fist together at hip level with

thumbs extended and pointinginward.

Start Engine Signal

To direct the starting of an engine the taxi signalman points one hand at the engine to be 

started while rotating the other hand in a 

clockwise motion before him.

Thumbs Up Signal

When appropriate, the aircraft is clear of all

obstacles and obstructions.

Towing

To direct aircraft towing, a taxi signalman assumes the normal position and shall keep the

eyes of the taxiing pilot and the driver of the

tow vehicle in view at all times. When necessary, an additional crewman is stationed at the

wing tip(s). The crewman will remain visible to

the taxi signalman who directs all towing operations.
33

ENGINE START SEQUENCE

Only crewmembers or trained/qualified personnel may perform taxi and run-up procedures.

The following are standard sequences for

starting aircraft engines and shall be adhered

to unless prior agreement is reached between

flight and ground crews.

On all aircraft, whenever Electrical Power 

Units are used, do not remove either unit until 

specifically requested to do so by the flight

crew.

If for any reason a Guideman suspects there

is something wrong with the aircraft, he must

give the STOP or PARKING BRAKE SET signal. Only then shall the required checks be

made.

On all aircraft, do not start any engine unless

the side of the airplane on which the engine is

to be started is clear of equipment and personnel, props are clear, and all doors on that 

side areclosed.

When hand signals are used, a separate 

signal shall be executed for each engine to

be started.

After all operations involving ground personnel

are completed (engine starts, wheel chocks,

etc.), the CLEARANCE TO DEPART signal 

(Departure Salute) shall be given only to the 

Captain. This departure salute shall signify 

the ramp taxi area is clear, and the aircraft is 

secure and ready to depart under power.

AIRCRAFT TAXI AND RUN-UP

The following procedures are utilized for

maintenance taxi and run-up.

Aircraft run-up is be accomplished by qualified

flight crewmembers or maintenance personnel. 

The Director of Operations shall decide who will 

qualify maintenance personnel as requested by 

the Director ofMaintenance.

All taxiing of aircraft or repositioning under

power shall be accomplished by qualified

personnel.

The above policy shall not restrict the maintenance personnel from observing the taxi and/or 

run up and directing the operations required to be 

accomplished. Final responsibility for aircraft 

operations (taxi and/or run-up) shall rest with the

Captain.

AIRCRAFT RADIO OPERATION

Proper radio tower contact when taxiing an

aircraft shall be obtained by maintenance personnel, as local field regulationsrequire.

Airfields that require a control tower contact shall 

maintain a radio listening watch on VHF (ground 

control) at all times until the aircraft is parked. 

Transmitter controls should be adjusted so the 

operator can acknowledge a call from the control 

towerimmediately.

Whenever it is necessary to call the tower,

acknowledge a call, or acknowledge receipt of

tower instructions, it is very important the operator identify the aircraft beforetransmitting.

AIRCRAFT FUELING

Policies and procedures for aircraft fueling are

outlined in our General Operations Manual.
34

RAMP SIGNALS

NOTE: Not all these signals apply our aircraft or method of operations (i.e., gate operations). Our

large aircraft are ground handled / marshaled by experienced personnel that expect the pilot to know

what the signals mean to their aircraft operation.

To Attract Attention

Right arm extended above head and

moving from side-to-side. Left arm is

straight down at side.

Use This Parking Spot

Both arms extended straight up andheld

in a vertical position.

Rate of Closure

When aircraft is 15- 20 feet from the

gate, arms should be extended shoulder

high. As aircraft approaches the nose

wheel stop mark, the arms should be

raised upward at a rate of closure, until

the wands are crossed (stop signal)

when aircraft has reached proper stop

position.
35

Turn to Your Right

Left arm extended downward as though

stopping wheel. Right arm bent with

hand near head level at side, and right

forearm repeatedly moved upwardbackward with beckoning motion.

Turn to Your Left

Right arm extended downward as though

stopping wheel. Left arm bent with hand

near head level at side, and left forearm

repeatedly moved upward-backward with

beckoning motion.

Move Straight Ahead

Both arms bent with hands near head

level at each side, and with both forearms repeatedly moved upwardbackward with a beckoning motion.
36

Slow Down

Both arms down and out from sides, then

move arms upward and downward several times in slow patting motions.

Stop

Both arms extending upward and repeatedly crossed above head. Therapidity of the arm movement should be related to the urgency of the stop.

Insert Wheel Chocks

Both arms held down and out fromsides

with wands pointing inward, then swing

both arms inward.
37

Wheel Chocks Away

Both arms held down with wands pointing outward, then swing armsoutward.

Parking Brake Set

Both arms extended downward andforward at 45 angle, with hands/wands

about waist level and one above the

other about six (6) inches apart.

The equipment operator shall takeaction

and acknowledge by a downward

movement of a clenched hand.

NOTE: A “Start Engines” signal shall

not be given until a “Parking Brake

Set” acknowledgment is received, except when a push back engine startis

applicable.

Parking Brake Released

Extend both arms downward and forward, with wands pointed down at feet.

Bending both elbows, move arms in, up

and down motions, in the area between

chest and hips.

Aircraft operator shall take action and

acknowledge with left thumb extending

from clenched left hand and making an

“over-the-left shoulder” motion.
38

Stop Engines

Hold right arm with hand in front of and

level with left shoulder, then pass hand

across throat. Left arm is straight down

at side.

The equipment operator shall takeaction

and acknowledge by returning thesignal.

Start Engines

Make a continuous circular motion with

the right hand at approximately head

level and with the left arm pointing tothe

engine. A separate “Start Engine” signal

shall be given for each engine, except

when a push back engine start is applicable. In this case, keep the left arm

straight down at side.

Engine Fire

If any significant engine fire develops

while starting engines, the signalman

shall signal the aircraft operator by

swinging the wand in right hand in a fanning motion below the waist. The left arm

is straight down at side.

The aircraft operator shall immediately

accomplish the ground engine fire procedures (select and discharge engine fire

extinguishing systems as necessary,

etc.).
39

Ready to Depart or Ready to Tow

With left thumb extending from clenched

left hand, make an “over-the-left shoulder” motion.

Clearance to Depart

The aircraft operator (on the Captain’s

side) will flash the landing lights as follows indicating he is ready to taxi.

With wands (lights at night), the ground

signalman will execute right hand military

salute (left arm straight down at side)indicating the aircraft is clear to taxi.

Want Electrical Power Unit

Raise clenched right hand to open palm

of left hand held in front of chest.

Aircraft operator requests unit disconnect

by executing the signal and then rapidly

crossing both hands several times.

SIGNAL A/C ON GROUND A/C IN FLIGHT

MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES,

EQUIPMENT & 

PERSONNEL

Steady 

Green Cleared for take-off Clear to land Cleared to cross or go or 

proceed
40

Flashing

Green Cleared for taxi Return for landing

Not applicable (to be followed 

by steady green at the proper 

time)

Steady Red Stop

Give way to other 

A/C and continue 

circling.

Stop

Flashing Red Taxi clear of runway 

in use

Airport unsafe, do 

not land Clear the taxiway/runway

Flashing

White

Return to starting 

point on airport

Not applicable return to starting 

point on airport

Alternating

Red & Green

Exercise extreme 

caution
41

APPENDIX 1

MAINTENANCE TRAINING PROGRAM

A. GENERAL

(1) An effective continuous maintenance and inspection program requires formal aircraft 

maintenance training programs for POF personnel. The training must enable the employees to 

perform their duties at a competent level and comply with the provisions of the LHFE and 

sightseeing LOA. 

(2) Knowledge tests will be administered covering subject material. Personnel must achieve a score 

of 80% or higher on testing material. Additional training and testing will be given to those 

scoring under 80% until a passing score is achieved.

 

B. POF MAINTENANCE TRAINING OFFICER

(1) The duties and responsibilities of POF Maintenance Training Officer are listed below and 

may be delegated to the extent necessary, except for item (a).

(a) Responsible for the overall training of aircraft maintenance personnel. 

(b) Ensure that all maintenance personnel are current and properly trained in 

accordance with this GMM.

(c) POF Maintenance Training Officer will arrange and schedule all needed training. 

This may require checking and coordinating with various industry reps, IA refresher 

courses and the FAA to determine availability of training.

(d) Ensure that all required training records for maintenance and inspection personnel 

are current and in proper files. The files will be maintained in the office of the POF

Maintenance Training Officer or DOM. 

(e) Ensure the individuals training records reflect the number of hours of training, 

course completion date, and includes signed documents signifying satisfactory 

course completion.

(f) Ensure that all required training is conducted in a timely manner.

C. TYPES OF TRAINING

(1) POF training courses.

(a) Indoctrination Training
42

1 Each POF employee will receive familiarization training prior to participating 

in LHFE or sightseeing LOA duties. This training will include:

a FAA rules and regulations;

b POF policies and organization;

c POF General Maintenance Manual; Operations Manual, POF SMS 

d Technical Manuals;

e Safety and fire control;

(b) Informal On-the-Job Training

1 Informal on-the-job training is conducted at the work site by a supervisor, 

designated instructor, or manufacturer's representative. This type 

instruction is limited to the demonstration of a maintenance operation or 

the direct supervision of an employee performing maintenance. Course 

material is not required.

(c) Formal On-the-Job Training

1 Formal on-the-job training may be conducted by the supervisor, designated 

instructor, or manufacturer representative as an integral part of an 

employee's normal work assignment.

(d) Ground Operations of POF Aircraft Training

1 POF will establish and continue an on-the-job proficiency program to qualify 

and maintain currency of mechanics requiring aircraft engine run-up and 

taxi authorization.

2 No person shall perform engine run-up or taxi of POF aircraft until checked 

by a designated proficiency check examiner.

3 Each person recommended for run-up authorization must be recommended 

by the Director of Maintenance. 

4 After meeting the requirements, a Taxi and Run-up Authorization will be 

issued and placed in the persons training file.

(e) Special Situation Training
43

Special training courses or instruction by Classroom Projection Systems may be 

developed, whenever the need arises, to improve the reliability or maintenance 

effectiveness of a system or item of equipment or when new products and 

equipment are initiated into the maintenance system.

(f) Return to Service Training

Persons authorized to approve aircraft, airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, 

appliances, or component parts for return to service after maintenance, preventive 

maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration must have:

1 Received training on the system(s) to be maintained by specific make and 

model airframe, powerplant, accessories, or avionics equipment; OR

2 Previously performed satisfactorily under the direct supervision (OJT) of a 

mechanic, technician or supervisor.

3 Received a thorough indoctrination in the use of current technical data 

reflecting the configuration of the aircraft, equipment, and associated 

hangar, line and test equipment.

4 Have a working knowledge of the forms and procedures as outlined in the 

General Maintenance Manual. 

(g) Recurrent Training

Additional training will be scheduled when a supervisor or manager determines the 

need, a deficiency is discovered through surveillance, and/or analysis of data 

reflects that such training would be beneficial to the aircraft maintenance program. 

Recurrent training will include at least the following:

1 Review and upgrade of training given during both indoctrination and 

technical training.

2 Input from maintenance bulletins and newsletters.

3 Employees qualified for run-up and taxi, and Non-destructive Testing will 

receive recurrent training annually through OJT, with documentation made 

to the training records.

D. TRAINING RECORDS

(1) The official records for formal training and testing are maintained in the POF records file. 

(2) It is the responsibility of the POF Training Officer to maintain the Individual Training Records 

in the proper files.
44

E. ON-THE-JOB TRAINING OUTLINE

GENERAL

The following course outline has been developed as a guide for the maintenance instructor. A 

memorandum to the mechanic or technician's training file will be prepared by the instructor, 

certifying that the mechanic or technician has been trained on a particular system. The mechanic or 

technician will sign the memorandum to certify (s)he has received the training.

AIRCRAFT MECHANIC COURSE 

Objective - to provide the mechanic with a thorough understanding of the aircraft in the POF fleet, 

the aircraft systems, and the maintenance thereof.

(1) Course Outline

(a) Ground Handling

(b) Engine Start 

(c) Taxiing

(d) Engine Run-up 

(e) Electrical

(f) Flight Controls 

(g) Fuel 

(h) Power plants and Propellers

(i) Hydraulic system, landing gear, brakes, wheels and struts

(j) Fire protection

(k) Security

(l) Hazardous Materials

(2) Reference

Applicable aircraft maintenance, parts, and wiring diagram manuals as contained in 

the Technical Library.

(3) OJT Course Detail Outline

(a) Ground Handling

1 Basic procedures for working around aircraft

a Proper procedures for pushing, pulling, towing and parking aircraft

b Aircraft tie downs

c Proper procedures for shutting and locking doors

d Cleaning aircraft

e Safety – work stands, ladders, oil spills
45

2 Cowling

a Removal

b Inspection

c Repairs

d Cleaning

e Installation

3 Jacking

a Proper selection of jacks

b Use of ballast

c Safety pins

d Removing aircraft from jacks

e Strut deflation and inflation

4 Lubrication

a Types of lubricants to use

b How often to lubricate

c Location of lubrication points

(b) Engine Start 

1 Pre-flight inspection (oil, tires, shocks, obstructions)

2 Use of checklist

3 Cockpit familiarity with controls and switches

4 Use of starters

5 Instrument readings

6 Engine monitoring

(c) Taxiing

1 Engine monitoring before taxiing

2 Lights, use of radio

3 Brakes

4 Use of power to aid turning

5 Judgement of speed

6 Stopping, use of brakes

(d) Engine Run-up

1 Normal

a Use of checklist
46

b What to look for

c Monitoring engines

d Emergency shut-down

e Proper scavenge

2 Max Power

a Clearance from other aircraft or obstructions

b Use of brakes

c Maximum time period of run-up

d Steady reduction of power

e Proper Shut-down

(e) Electrical Systems

1 Battery - location, removal, inspection, servicing, installation battery box, 

use of auxiliary power

2 Primary Buss System - solenoids, lights, starter system, cables

3 Electrical motors - flaps, heaters, fuel pumps, boost pumps, landing gear

4 Starter-Generators

5 Lights and auxiliary system

6 Switches and circuit breakers

7 Indicating and monitoring systems

8 Troubleshooting and repair

(f) Flight Controls and Steering

1 Principals of operation

2 Removal and installation

3 Inspection

4 Repairs

5 Rigging

(g) Fuel Systems

1 Fuel tanks - type, inspection, servicing, installation

2 Valves, Pumps, Controls - inspection servicing, removal, installation, rigging, 

trouble-shooting, repairs

3 Plumbing - inspection and repair, manufacturing, assembling and 

installation of lines

4 Fuel gauges - inspection, removal, installation, troubleshooting, calibration

(h) Power Plants and Propellers

1 General inspection and servicing
47

a Engine

b Propeller and governor

c Ignition system

d Fuel system

e Lubrication system

f Air induction

g Accessories

2 Removal, installation, rigging, adjustment

a Engines

b Propellers and governors

c Fuel system

d Ignition

e Engine oil

f Induction

(i) Hydraulic System, landing gear, brakes, wheels, flaps and struts

1 Description and principals of operation

2 Inspection

3 Servicing

4 Rigging

5 Troubleshooting

6 Removal, repair, and installation of components

(j) Fire Protection

1 Fire Detection

a Principals of operation

b Inspection

c Testing

e Troubleshooting

f Servicing

g Removal, repair and replacement of components

2 Fire Extinguisher (engine)

a Principals of operation

b Inspection

c Testing

e Troubleshooting

f Removal, repair, and replacement of components

(k) Security
48

SECURITY PROGRAMS

1. MAINTENANCE SECURITY PROGRAMS

A. GENERAL

Security is an essential element of the POF Maintenance Program. 

Personnel performing maintenance on the POF aircraft shall be aware 

of and look for any unusual conditions. If such conditions are found 

they should be reported immediately to the POF Director of 

Maintenance. Unusual conditions may be suspicious looking objects, 

signs of tampering, or intentionally inflicted damage to areas such as 

pitot static heads, primary structures, engine inlet or exhaust area, and 

damage to windows, as examples. 

B. POF HANGAR SECURITY.

Maintenance personnel should monitor the display hangars for visitors 

crossing the chains and/or suspicious visitor behavior. Maintenance 

personnel should be vigilant to unauthorized vehicle or pedestrian 

traffic and aircraft movements on the POF Hangar Ramp. Any unusual 

movements should be immediately reported to the <Your Agency> 

Supervisor of Maintenance.

C. MAINTENANCE AWAY FROM HOME BASE.

Personnel, including contractors, performing servicing and 

maintenance on company aircraft away from the POF Hangar are 

expected to provide the same level of security for aircraft and 

equipment as is provided at our home base.

2. BOMB THREATS

A. GENERAL

Any POF representative receiving or learning of a bomb threat or other 

sabotage threat to an aircraft, hangar, ramp, ground support 

equipment, or any property belonging to the POF will immediately 

notify a POF management person giving complete information as to 

the threat. 

If the threat concerns a specific aircraft or flight, POF will notify the Air 

Traffic Control Tower of the threat.

B. POLICY.
49

POF maintenance employees, including contractors providing 

maintenance support, shall cooperate fully with the FBI (which is 

responsible for investigating bomb threats), the local police, and the 

FAA.

POF will assist in any way possible in the prosecution of violators of 

federal laws, by cooperating with the federal authorities to the fullest. 

Contractors, too, are expected to cooperate fully with the investigation 

and prosecution of these violators.

C. EMPLOYEE PROCEDURES.

If a POF employee, or employee of a maintenance contractor, receives 

a telephone call regarding a bomb being aboard or threatened to be 

placed aboard an aircraft, or in the vicinity of any POF aircraft, hangar, 

ramp, ground support equipment, or any property belonging to the 

company they will:

(1) Obtain as much information as possible and take exact notes. 

Be alert for accents, background noises and any indication that 

the caller is a juvenile, intoxicated, mentally disturbed, or 

unusually familiar with the operation and schedule of the POF.

(2) Immediately notify their supervisor who will call 911 and advise 

the authorities of the situation.

(3) Immediately report their actions in a written statement, 

including all statements made by the caller verbatim, if 

possible. This report should be forwarded to the President, 

through proper channels as soon as possible.

D. BOMB THREAT SEARCH AND INSPECTION.

When a bomb threat search is to be conducted on any aircraft, 

hangar, ramp, ground support equipment, or any property 

belonging to the POF, maintenance personnel will assist when 

requested. The search will normally be conducted in 

accordance with the following procedures:

(1) Appropriate measures will be taken to clear the danger area of 

personnel. The passengers will be evacuated from the aircraft. 

All personnel in the vicinity of the Hangar or equipment being 

threatened will be evacuated. If the aircraft is in the POF Hangar 

the passengers and other personnel will be removed from the 

Hangar. If the aircraft is airborne the passengers will be 
50

deplaned at the direction of the Pilot-in-Command. If the 

aircraft is taxiing but not airborne, the Pilot-in-Command will 

issue instructions for evacuating the aircraft, which may involve 

emergency evacuation and the removal of any onboard personal 

items.

(2) The local FBI, FAA, and Airport Manager will be notified by the 

most expeditious means. When direct contact with these 

individuals is not possible, the Pilot-in-Command will advise Air 

Traffic Control and ask their assistance.

(3) The aircraft or ground equipment will be located to a remote 

area as directed by the Airport Manager POF person in charge.

(4) If passengers are involved they may be moved to a search area.

(5) Cargo aboard the aircraft may be removed.

(6) A complete search of the aircraft threatened will be conducted

by authorities. Assistance from experts will be requested to 

handle and dispose of any bomb or suspected bomb found. 

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL ANY SUSPICIOUS OBJECT OR 

BOMB BE TOUCHED, HANDLED, OR DISTURBED IN ANY MANNER 

BY ANY MAINTENANCE EMPLOYEE, CONTRACTOR OR OTHERWISE.

Maintenance personnel will provide support to the bomb threat 

inspection team as directed by the POF person in charge.
51

APPENDIX 2

Sec. 91.213 - Inoperative instruments and equipment.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, no person may take off an aircraft with inoperative instruments or 

equipment installed unless the following conditions are met:

(1) An approved Minimum Equipment List exists for that aircraft.

(2) The aircraft has within it a letter of authorization, issued by the FAA Flight Standards district office having jurisdiction over 

the area in which the operator is located, authorizing operation of the aircraft under the Minimum Equipment List. The letter of 

authorization may be obtained by

written request of the airworthiness certificate holder. The Minimum Equipment List and the letter of authorization constitute a 

supplemental type certificate for the aircraft.

(3) The approved Minimum Equipment List must--

(i) Be prepared in accordance with the limitations specified in paragraph (b) of this section; and

(ii) Provide for the operation of the aircraft with the instruments and equipment in an inoperable condition.

(4) The aircraft records available to the pilot must include an entry describing the inoperable instruments and equipment.

(5) The aircraft is operated under all applicable conditions and limitations contained in the Minimum Equipment List and the 

letter authorizing the use of the list.

(b) The following instruments and equipment may not be included in a Minimum Equipment List:

(1) Instruments and equipment that are either specifically or otherwise required by the airworthiness requirements under 

which the aircraft is type certificated and which are essential for safe operations under all operating conditions.

(2) Instruments and equipment required by an airworthiness directive to be in operable condition unless the airworthiness 

directive provides otherwise.

(3) Instruments and equipment required for specific operations by this part.

(c) A person authorized to use an approved Minimum Equipment List issued for a specific aircraft under subpart K of this part, 

part 121, 125, or 135 of this chapter must use that Minimum Equipment List to comply with the requirements in this section. 

(d) Except for operations conducted in accordance with paragraph (a) or (c) of this section, a person may takeoff an aircraft in 

operations conducted under this part with inoperative instruments and equipment without an approved Minimum Equipment 

List provided--

(1) The flight operation is conducted in a--

[(i) Rotorcraft, nonturbine-powered airplane, glider, or lighter-than-air aircraft, powered parachute, or weight-shift-control 

aircraft, for which a master minimum equipment list has not been developed; or]

(ii) Small rotorcraft, nonturbine-powered small airplane, glider, or lighter-than-air aircraft for which a Master Minimum 

Equipment List has been developed; and

(2) The inoperative instruments and equipment are not--

(i) Part of the VFR-day type certification instruments and equipment prescribed in the applicable airworthiness regulations 

under which the aircraft was type certificated;

(ii) Indicated as required on the aircraft's equipment list, or on the Kinds of Operations Equipment List for the kind of flight 

operation being conducted;

(iii) Required by Sec. 91.205 or any other rule of this part for the specific kind of flight operation being conducted; or

(iv) Required to be operational by an airworthiness directive; and

(3) The inoperative instruments and equipment are--

(i) Removed from the aircraft, the cockpit control placarded, and the maintenance recorded in accordance with Sec. 43.9 of this 

chapter; or

(ii) Deactivated and placarded "Inoperative." If deactivation of the inoperative instrument or equipment involves maintenance, 

it must be accomplished and recorded in accordance with part 43 of this chapter; and

(4) A determination is made by a pilot, who is certificated and appropriately rated under part 61 of this chapter, or by a person, 

who is certificated and appropriately rated to perform maintenance on the aircraft, that the inoperative instrument or 

equipment does not constitute a hazard to the aircraft. An aircraft with inoperative instruments or equipment as provided in 

paragraph (d) of this section is considered to be in a properly altered condition acceptable to the Administrator.

(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, an aircraft with inoperable instruments or equipment may be operated 

under a special flight permit issued in accordance with Secs. 21.197 and 21.199 of this chapter.
52

DEFERRED MAINTENANCE ITEM LOG Page 01

PLANES OF FAME AIR MUSEUM 

Aircraft Registration N ____________________

Page & 

Item No. Description

Exact transcription from the original write-up

Limitations to Flight Deferred

By:

Date

Entered

Cleared 

By

Note 1

Date 

Cleared
53

AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LOG LOG Page 01

§ 135.65 REPORTING MECHANICAL IRREGULARITIES. (a) EACH CERTIFICATE HOLDER shall provide an Aircraft Maintenance Log to be carried on board each aircraft 

for recording or deferring mechanical irregularities and their correction. (d) EACH CERTIFICATE HOLDER shall establish a procedure for keeping copies of the aircraft 

maintenance log required by this section in the aircraft for access by appropriate personnel and shall include that procedure in the manual required by 135.21.

PLANES OF FAME AIR MUSEUM AIRCRAFT 

Registration N

Make & Model

§ 91.405 THE OPERATOR of an aircraft shall have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in 

FAR Part 43 .(CONTINUED) 

§ 91.407 (a) NO PERSON may operate any aircraft that has undergone maintenance, or 

preventive maintenance, or inspection unless it has been approved for return to service by an 

authorized person; and the maintenance record entry required by § 43.9 or § 43.11, as 

applicable has been made. 

1 CONDITION DESCRIBE THE ACTION TAKEN [FAR 43.9(a)(1)]

P/N ON S/N ON

P/N OFF S/N OFF

By ( please print your name) Date & Time Discovered Signature, Cert. No., and Kind [FAR 43.9(a)(4)] Date [FAR 43.9(a)(2)]

Note 1

2 CONDITION DESCRIBE THE ACTION TAKEN [FAR 43.9(a)(1)]

P/N ON S/N ON

P/N OFF S/N OFF

By ( please print your name) Date & Time Discovered Signature, Cert. No., and Kind [FAR 43.9(a)(4)] Date [FAR 43.9(a)(2)]

Note 1

3 CONDITION DESCRIBE THE ACTION TAKEN [FAR 43.9(a)(1)]

P/N ON S/N ON

P/N OFF S/N OFF

By ( please print your name) Date & Time Discovered Signature, Cert. No., and Kind [FAR 43.9(a)(4)] Date [FAR 43.9(a)(2)]

Note 1

Note 1 A signature in this block signifies approval for return to service only for the work performed [FAR 43.9(a)(4)].

POF Form
54