dimethyl-N-phenyl-2-pyrimidinamine] (CAS No. 53112-28-0). The estimated drinking water 

concentrations (EDWCs) are estimated with the Surface Water Concentration Calculator (SWCC) and 

Pesticide Root Zone Model-Ground Water (PRZM-GW) using the maximum application rate and number

of applications, as there is no monitoring data available in USGS and CDPR databases.

The EDWCs in this assessment represent the proposed new uses for SCALA® Brand SC Fungicide (EPA Reg 

No. 264-788) on caneberry and bushberry, cucumbers in greenhouse, and the following crop group 

expansions: Pome Fruit Group 11 to Pome Fruit Group 11-10; Stone Fruit Group 12 to Stone Fruit Group 

12-12; from Lemon to Lemon Subgroup 10-10B, and from Tomato Subgroup to Tomato Subgroup 8-10A

(Appendix 1 Table 1). The request by IR4 for the conversion of the Citrus Fruit Group 10 to Orange 

Subgroup 10-10a and Grapefruit Subgroup 10-10C is not considered in this drinking water assessment,

because these uses are not included on the current or amended label (EPA Reg No. 264-788).

The label (EPA Reg No. 264-788) and supporting documents submitted are inconsistent with respect to 

the total maximum allowed (i.e., on a per crop cycle or per year basis). The registrant has indicated that 

the label will be clarified so that only tomatoes and strawberries (low growing berries) could have 2 crop 

cycles per year. This assessment assumes that proposed maximum applications rates are the same as 

previously assessed (i.e., single and yearly basis) except for tomatoes and strawberries where 2 crops per 

year were assessed.

IR-4 has requested to expand the citrus, pome and stone fruit crops for the existing postharvest uses for 

PENBOTEC® 400 SC (EPA Reg. No. 43813-32). Based on the information provided, EFED considers the 

proposed post-harvest dip use of pyrimethanil as an indoor use that would pose minimal exposure to the 

environment, provided that release of the chemical and contaminated water are controlled.

The Health Effects Division1 previously determined that the drinking water exposure assessment should 

include the degradate (2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine). Therefore, the estimated drinking water 

concentrations (EDWCs) in this assessment include the combined residue (total toxic residue: 

pyrimethanil + 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine) as in prior assessments.

The screening level drinking water concentrations for combined residues of pyrimethanil (parent + 2-

amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine) in surface water are not expected to exceed 156 μg/L for the peak 1 in 10-

year concentration; 27.9 μg/L for the 1 in10-year annual mean concentration; and, 21.3 μg/L for the 30 

year annual average concentration for the new uses or crop group expansion (assuming 2 crops per 

year2

). The screening level drinking water concentrations for combined residues of pyrimethanil (parent + 

2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine) in groundwater estimated with PRZM-GW are 128 μg/L for the highest 

daily value and 117 μg/L for the post-break-through average (Table 1). Current policy is for EFED to 

recommend the EDWCs for the water source with the highest EDWCs, which for pyrimethanil is surface 

water for acute exposure and groundwater for chronic exposure. However, due to generally low leaching 

(EDWCs and incomplete breakthrough) with 100 year simulation in groundwater, the surface water 

EDWCs are recommended for both acute and chronic (cancer and long term) exposure assessments.

The EDWCs for the combined residues are presented below in Table 1. 

1 MARC Decision Memo D284001; 09/10/03 2 1 crop per year – peak 68 μg/L; annual average = 18 μg/L, and 30 year average = 13 μg/L.

2

 
Table 1. Surface Water and Groundwater EDWCs for Pyrimethanil plus the degradate (2-amino-4,6-

dimethylpyrimidine) for the proposed new uses and crop group expansions for SCALA brand SC Fungicide (EPA Reg No. 

264-788) assuming the maximum application rate (3 or 6 applications @ 0.7 lb a.i./A/year). 

Standard Scenarios Model Application Rate 1-in-10 year 30 Year 

 Surface Water 

 

 #/lb a.i./A Peak Annual Mean Mean

(ug/L) 

Multiple Scenariosa-f SWCC 3 @ 0.7/7 per crop 

cycle/2 crop cycles 

156a 27.9b 21.3c 

3 @ 0.7/7 per crop 

cycle/1 crop cycles

67.8d 17.5e 13.1f

Groundwater Highest 

Daily Value 

Post- breakthrough Average 

FL Citrus PRZM-GW 3 @ 0.7/7 per crop 

cycle/2 crop cycles

128 117

FL Potato 3 @ 0.7/7 per crop 

cycle/2 crop cycles

25.2 22.7

a FL Strawberry (2 crop cycles) b PA Tomato (2 crops cycles) c CA Grape (2 crops cycles) d FL Strawberry (1 crop cycle) e PA Apple (1 crop cycle) f GA Peach (1 crop cycle)

Proposed New Uses and Crop Group Expansion 

 

BayerCropscience has requested the addition of two new uses for pyrimethanil [SCALA® brand SC 

Fungicide, EPA Reg. No. 264-788] on caneberry [berries and small fruit - crop subgroup 13-07A] and

bushberry [berries and small fruit crop subgroup 13-07B] and IR-4 has requested a new use for 

pyrimethanil [SCALA® brand SC Fungicide, EPA Reg. No. 264-788] on cucumbers in greenhouse. The 

proposed use on cucumbers is for greenhouse use (indoor) and therefore not assessed.

IR-4 has also requested the following crop group expansions: Pome Fruit Group 11 to Pome Fruit Group 

11-10; Stone Fruit Group 12 to Stone Fruit Group 12-12; and from Tomato Subgroup to Tomato Subgroup 

8-10A; and Citrus Fruit Group 10 to Orange Subgroup 10-10a, from Lemon to Lemon Subgroup 10-10B,

and Grapefruit Subgroup 10-10C; (Appendix 1). However, the current label and the proposed amended 

label (EPA Registration No. 264-788), only specifies Lemon Fruit Group, but not the other citrus fruits

(e.g., citrus group, or Orange 10-10A and Grapefruit subgroups 10-10C subgroups).

For the PENBOTEC® 400 SC EPA Reg. No. 43813-32 registration, IR-4 has also requested that the label be 

amended to expand the crops considered in the citrus, pome and stone fruit crop groups for postharvest 

use of pyrimethanil (Appendix 2). As stated earlier, EFED considers the proposed post-harvest dip use of 

pyrimethanil as an indoor use that would pose minimal exposure to the environment, provided that 

release of the chemical and contaminated water are controlled.

 

3
A summary of the new uses and label amendments is provided in Table 2 and Appendix 2. 

Table 2. Submission, Registration, Proposed New Use or Group Expansion, and Subgroups. 

Barcode/e-submission/ 

submitter 

Label (EPA Reg. No.) New Use/Group Expansion 

(see Appendix 1) 

Subgroups 

(see Appendix 1) 

D422492a/E6065/Bayer 264-788 SCALA® brand 

SC Fungicide

Small Berries:

 Caneberry

 Bushberry

crop subgroup 13-07A

crop subgroup 13-07B

264-704 Pyrimethanil 

Technical

Small Berries:

 Caneberry

 Bushberry

crop subgroup 13-07A

crop subgroup 13-07B

D423016/E6210/IR-4 264-704 Pyrimethanil

Technical

Greenhouse Cucumber

Citrus fruit

Pome fruits 11-10

Stone fruits 12-12

Tomato subgroup 8-10A

Subgroups (orange, lemon, 

grapefruit) are not specified

D422295/E6215/IR-4 264-788b SCALA ® 

brand SC Fungicide

Greenhouse Cucumber

Not includedb: 

Orange

Grapefruit

Lemons 10-10B

Tomatoes 8-10A

Pome fruits 11-10

Stone fruits 12-12

Not includedb:

Orange Subgroup 10-10A

Grapefruit Subgroup 10-10C

D422295/E6215/IR-4 43813-32 PENBOTEC®

400 SC

Increase crops and varieties 

 Citrus Fruits

 Pome Fruits

 Stone Fruits a Parent DP Barcode D421847

b Only use rates for lemons (not citrus) are specified in current or modified label (EPA Reg. No. 264-788). 

The proposed maximum single application rate for pyrimethanil that is assessed in this document is 0.70 

lb a.i./A with a per crop maximum application rate of 2.1 lb a.i./A and a minimum reapplication interval of 

7 days, for strawberries (Table 3). In California, strawberry cultivation and harvesting is year-round. 

Therefore, the two crop cycles are spaced out at the minimum reapplication interval of 7 days. In total, 

the maximum amount of pyrimethanil active ingredient on a yearly basis to treat strawberries is 4.2 lb 

a.i./A. Tomatoes can be grown indoors (in greenhouses) or outdoors. The small berry subgroup 

(caneberries and bushberries) represents the lowest application rate group in this assessment.

 

 

4
Table 3. Proposed new use and expanded use patterns and maximum single and seasonal application rates for 

pyrimethanila (DP421847, DP422295). 

 

 

Crop/Use 

New Use: Proposed Application Rates Previously Assessed Application Rates 

Max 

Single 

App Rate 

Max App 

Rate per Year 

Minimum 

Reapplication 

Interval 

Max 

Single 

App Rate 

Max App 

Rate per 

Year 

Minimum 

Reapplication 

Interval 

lb a.i./A lb a.i./A/yr days lb a.i./A lb a.i./A/yr days 

Small Berries 

(Subgroups 13-07A & 

13-07B: 

Caneberry/Bushberry)b

0.7 1.41 7 - - -

Cucumber 

(greenhouse only)

(max 3 crop cycles per 

year)

*No outdoor exposure 

assessment

0.7 2.1 per crop;

6.3 per year

7 - - -

Tomato subgroup

(max 2 crop cycles per 

year)

c

*Greenhouse use 

optional

0.27 1.4 per crop;

2.8 per year 

7 0.27 1.4 7

Low-growing berry; 

Strawberries (13-07G)

0.7 2.1 per crop,

4.2 per year

– strawberry

2.1 per year 

– all except 

strawberry

7 0.7 2.1 7

Pome Fruit 11-10 0.4 1.6 7 0.39 1.62 7

Stone Fruit 12-12 0.7 2.1 7 0.7 2.14 7

a EPA Reg. No. 264-788 SCALA ® Brand SC Fungicide 54.6 % ai 5.0 lb ai/gallon [0.039063 lb ai/fl oz] 

b Small berries (caneberries and bushberries). Blackberry: Rubus spp. (including Andean Blackberry, artic 

blackberry, bingleberry, black satin berry, boysenberry, brombeere, CA blackberry, Chesterberry, Cherokee 

blackberry, Cheyenne blackberry, common blackberry, coryberry, darrowberry, dewberry, Dirksen thornless 

berry, evergreen blackberry, Himalayaberry, hullberry, lavacaberry, loganberry, lowberry, lucretiaberry, 

mammoth blackberry, marionberry, mora, mures deronce, nectarberry, Northern dewberry, olallieberry, 

Oregon evergreen berry, phenomenalberry, rangeberry, ravenberry, rossberry, Shawnee blackberry, Southern 

dewberry, tayberry, youngberry, zarzamora), and cultivars, varieties and/or hybrids of these; Raspberry: Rubus

spp. (Rubus occidentalis, Rubus strigosus, Rubus idaeus) (including bababerry, black raspberry, blackcap, 

framboise, frambueso, himbeere, keriberry, Mayberry, purple raspberry, red raspberry, thimbleberry, 

tulameen, wild raspberries, yellow raspberry) and cultivars, varieties, and/or hybrids of these; Bushberry: 

aronia berry; blueberry (highbush, lowbush); currant (black, red); European barberry, elderberry, gooseberry, 

honeysuckle, huckleberry, jostaberry, juneberry, native currant, salal, buckthorn, sea, and cultivars, varieties, 

and/or hybrids of these.

c Bush tomato, cocona, currant tomato, garden huckleberry, goji berry, groundcherry, naranjilla, sunberry, 

tomatillo, tomato, tree tomato, cultivars, varieties and/or hybrids of these.

5
Environmental Fate Summary

The major route of dissipation of pyrimethanil is metabolism under aerobic conditions (soil; watersediment). It is stable to abiotic hydrolysis, direct photolysis in water, and under anaerobic conditions. It is 

expected to have varying mobility in soil. Pyrimethanil has low potential to volatilize from soil or water or 

to bioaccumulate in fish.

The “major” non-volatile metabolite is 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine, but it was not found at >10% of 

the applied radioactivity. Carbon dioxide is a major metabolic product (18-25% after 1-year incubation in 

aerobic soils).

The metabolite 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine is a cleavage product that may be more resistant to 

aerobic degradation and/or more mobile than pyrimethanil (Table 4). However, mineralization is likely 

associated with this metabolite. The metabolite 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine is also a bridge cleavage 

product of sulfometuron, a sulfonylurea herbicide. 

The structures, chemical name, CAS No. and formula for pyrimethanil and the metabolite are shown in 

Figure 1. 

 

Chemical: Parent pyrimethanil Degradate of Concern

Chemical Name: 4,6-Dimethyl-N-phenyl-2-pyridineamine 2-amino-4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine

CAS No. 53112-28-0 CAS No. 767-15-7 

Chemical Formula: C12H13N3 C6H9N3

Figure 1. Structures, Name, CAS No. and Formula of pyrimethanil and 2-amino-4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine.

Chemical Residues of Concern (ROC) 

The major non-volatile degradate is 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine [CAS # 767-15-7]. The Health Effects 

Division (HED) recommended the degradate 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine be included in the drinking 

water assessment(s) (MARC Decision Memo D284001; 9/10/03). For this reason, the drinking water 

assessment is a combined residue assessment (pyrimethanil + 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine). 

6
Table 4. Input Parametersa

 Used to Estimate Concentrations of Combined Residues (Parent and 2-Amino-4,6-

dimethylpyrimidine) for Pyrimethanil (bold values used for modeling).

Parameters Values & Units Sources

Molecular Weight 199.25 Product Chemistry (parent)

Vapor Pressure @25 °C 1.7 x 10–5 torr Product Chemistry (parent)

Water Solubility @ pH 7.0 and 25oC 121 mg/L Product Chemistry (parent)

Hydrolysis Half-Life (pH 7) stable MRID 456459-15 (parent)

Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life 

(@20oC)

81-110.7 days 

 

263 days (combined 

residues) @ 20°C

186 days @ 25°C

Parent Pyrimethanil MRID 45656918/-19/-20/-

21/-22

Calculated from MRID 456569-18, single value 

half-life (3 times single value) for TTR; the only 

Study where 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine was 

identified.

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism 

(total sediment/water system)

(@20oC)

37;120.7 days

 

207 days (combined 

residues) @ 20°C

146 days @ 25°C 

Parent Pyrimethanil MRID 45657001

Calculated for Combined Residues from 

MRID 456570-01 (90% confidence interval on 

mean; Experimental) for TTR

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism

(total sediment/water system)

(@20oC)

1092 days @ 20°C

 

772 days @ 25°C 

MRID 456569-23 (half-life time 3 for single value).

Direct Aqueous Photolysis stable MRID 456459-16 (parent)

Soil Water Partition Coefficient

(Freundlich Kd)

Koc 75-751mL/goc

Kd 2.5-23.4 mL/g 

 

Ave Kd - 2.85 mL/g

(combined residues)

 

Ave Koc = 119 mL/goc

(combined residues)

Parent Pyrimethanil MRID 45656911/-13/-25

Degradate 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine

Average Kd (degradate) MRID 456569-10

(1.9, 2.2, 1.2, 5.2, 3.5, 3.1) for TTR

Average Koc (degradate)

(60, 256, 76, 109, 74, 139)

Percent Crop Area (PCA) 1.0 EFED Guidanceb; Maximum PCA for Turf-All Ag. 

[previous assessment – All Ag. 0.87; USEPA, 2010c]

Date of First Application See Table 6 -

Application Efficiency (Aerial Spray) 0.95 EFED Guidancea

Spray Drift Fraction (Aerial Spray) 0.135 EFED Guidanced [previous assessment - 0.16]

a Inputs determined in accordance with EFED “Guidance for Chemistry and Management Practice Input Parameters for Use in 

Modeling the Environmental Fate and Transport of Pesticides” Version 2.1 dated October 22, 2009. b USEPA. 2014. Development of Community Water System Drinking Water Intake Percent Cropped Area Adjustment Factors for 

use in Drinking Water Exposure Assessments: 2014 Update September 9, 2014. c USEPA, 2010. http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/science/efed/models/water/archives/pca_adjustment_dwa_9sep2010.html 

7
d USEPA. 2013. Guidance on Modeling Offsite Deposition of Pesticides Via Spray Drift for Ecological and Drinking Water 

Assessments December 19, 2013.

Because pyrimethanil is to be applied when conditions are favorable to the disease rather than a plant 

growth stage, there is uncertainty as to what is a representative date of first application. The day of initial 

application was a specified number of days (see Table 5) after emergence [DAE] (day of emergence is 

defined specifically for each scenario). For pyrimethanil, the day of initial pesticide application tended to 

have a greater influence on surface water concentration estimates than groundwater. 

 

Summary of Drinking Water Concentrations 

 

Surface Water EDWCs estimated with SWCC 

 

Surface water concentrations estimated with the SWCC for a number of scenarios and maximum use 

rates are listed in Table 5. The screening level drinking water concentrations for combined residues of 

pyrimethanil (parent + 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine) in raw surface source water are not expected to 

exceed 156 μg/L for the peak 1 in 10-year concentration (FL strawberry); 28 μg/L for the 1 in10-year 

annual mean concentration; and, 21.3 μg/L for the 30 year annual average concentration (CA grape).

Several comments concerning the uncertainty of these EDWCs should be noted. The highest modeled 

EDWC was for the FL Strawberry scenario with “2 crops” per year (6 applications of pyrimethanil per 

year); however, “2 crops” per year may be more appropriate for California rather than Florida (i.e., FL 

Strawberries compared with CA grapes). Additionally, it is unlikely that 2 tomato crops per year would be 

achieved in Pennsylvania (e.g., PA tomato scenario). Because of crops registered for pyrimethanil, the 

actual PCA is probably less than the default value of 1 which is used to estimate the EDWCs. 

A representative SWCC output is included in Appendix 3. 

 

Table 5. SWCC Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs) in surface water for pyrimethanil (parent + 2-amino4,6-dimethylpyrimidine) for new uses or crop group expansions. 

Scenario First Application/# 

@Rate/Interval 

1-in-10 Year 30-Year 

Peak Annual mean Total mean 

 (Days/lb a.i./A/Days) μg/L 

FL Strawberry 30 DAE/2 @ 0.70/7 57.6 8.75 5.11

30 DAE 4 @ 0.70/7b 89.0 18.1 9.99

GA Peach (Stone Fruit) 60 DAE/3 @ 0.70/7 30.6 15.9 13.1

NY Grape 60 DAE/2 @ 0.70/7 37.3 16.9 11.2

PA Apple (Pome Fruit) 50 DAE/4 @ 0.40/7 42.0 17.5 11.0

PA Tomato [1 or 2 crops] 30 DAE/5 @ 0.25/7 32.0 10.2 7.43

30 DAE/10 @ 0.25/7b 79.8 27.9 18.3

FL Tomato [1 or 2 crops] 30 DAE/5 @ 0.25/7 65.3 10.1 5.05

30 DAE/10 @ 0.25/7b 98.6 20.0 12.8

FL Strawberry/Low growing 

berries [1or2 crops]

30 DAE/3 @ 0.70/7 67.8 13.5 7.46

30 DAE/6 @ 0.70/7b 156 24.3 15.6

CA Grapes/Low growing 

berries [2 crops] 30 DAE/6 @ 0.70/7b 49.8 27.3 21.3 a DAE is days after emergence which specified within each scenario

b 2 crop cycles per year all others 1 crop per year.

8
Groundwater EDWCs estimated with PRZM-GW 

 

PRZM-GW (Version 1.07) was used to estimate groundwater EDWCs for the six standard EFED vulnerable 

groundwater scenarios (Table 6) with the maximum proposed use rate of 2.1 lb a.i./A/yr (3 applications x 

0.7 lb a.i/A/yr). Because there is a potential a second crop for tomatoes and strawberries the Florida 

Citrus and Florida Potato PRZM-GW scenarios with 2 crops per year with 3 applications @ 0.7 lb 

a.i./A/crop were also run.

The Florida Citrus scenario resulted in the highest groundwater EDWCs when two crops per year were 

simulated. It was noted that the date of initial application selected for modeling had little influence on the 

peak or post-break average EDWCs. Even when simulations were run for 100 years, breakthrough did not 

occur for all scenarios, suggesting that leaching is not a major route of dissipation. It is also unlikely that 

pyrimethanil will be used for 30 consecutive years, much less 100. Furthermore, it is unlikely that people 

will be exposed to pyrimethanil concentrations at these levels based on the available fate data, as well as 

the predicted breakthrough time of over 30 years, or lack of breakthrough. It should also be noted that 

all six of the scenarios represent vulnerable conditions where pesticides have been observed in 

groundwater. The scenarios also would tend to represent differences due to soil, hydrology, and weather 

variability rather than any specific crop. 

A representative PRZM-GW output is in Appendix 4.

 

Table 6. PRZM-GW Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs) in Groundwater for pyrimethanil (parent + 2-

amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine) 

Scenarioa First Application/Simulation 

Length

Highest Daily 

Value

Post- breakthrough 

Average

Average Breakthrough 

Time/Throughputs

(day/years) μg/L Days

1 crop cycle per year

Delmarva 10 DAEb/100 22.7 18.5 23467/1.5

FL Citrus 30 DAE/100

30 DAE/30

65.1

28.7

59.6

Incompletec

12857/2.8

incomplete

FL Potato 30 DAE/100

30 DAE/30

13.2

7.35

12.0

incomplete

10972/3.3

incomplete

GA Coast 30 DAE/100

30 DAE/30

17.1

0.29

15.3

incomplete

18974/1.9

incomplete

NC Coast 30 DAE/100

30 DAE/30

4.86

0.006

4.62

incomplete

34506/1.0

incomplete

Wisc Sand 30 DAE/100

30 DAE/30

4.62

<0.01

Incomplete

incomplete

Incomplete

incomplete

2 crop cycles per year 

FL Citrusd 30 DAE/100 128 117 12857/2.8

FL Potatod 30 DAE/100 25.2 22.7 10972/3.3 a All application rates = 3 applications @ 0.7 lb a.i./A; 7 day reapplication interval except for FL Citrusd and FL Potatod 2 crops per 

year with 3 application @ 0.7 lb a.i./A/crop; or 4.2 lb a.i./yr.

b DAE is days after emergence which specified within each scenario.

c Incomplete – breakthrough not achieved during the simulation. d Application rate = 2 crops per year; 3 application @ 0.7 lb a.i./A/crop

 

9
Appendix 1. Crop Groups Proposed for Expansion 

Appendix 1 Crop Groups Proposed for Expansion.

Crop Group Crops (Current Label: 264-788) Expanded Crops (Proposed Label) 

Pome Fruits Apple; Pear (All varieties); Pear, Oriental; 

Crabapple; Loquat; Mayhaw; Quince 

Apple; azarole; crabapple; loquat; mayhaw; medlar; 

pear; pear, Asian; quince; quince, Chinese; quince, 

Japanese; tejocote; cultivars, varieties, and/or hybrids 

of these

Stone Fruits (except 

cherries)

Apricot; Nectarine; Peach; Plum (All 

varieties); Plum, Chickasaw; Plum, Damson; 

Plum, Japanese; Plum, Stanley; Plumcot; 

Prune 

Apricot; apricot, Japanese; capulin; Jujube, Chinese; 

nectarine; peach; plum; plum, American; plum, beach; 

plum, Canada; plum, cherry; plum, Chickasaw; plum, 

Damson; plum, Japanese; plum, Klamath; plum, 

prune; plumcot; sloe; cultivars, varieties, and/or 

hybrids of these

Tomatoes Tomato Bush tomato; cocona; currant tomato; garden 

huckleberry; goji berry; groundcherry; naranjilla; 

sunberry; tomatillo; tomato; tree tomato; cultivars, 

varieties, and/or hybrids of these

Lemons Lemon Australian desert lime; Australian finger-lime; 

Australian round lime; brown river finger lime; 

kumquat; lemon; lime; mount white lime; New Guinea 

wild lime; Russell River lime; sweet lime; Tahiti lime; 

cultivars, varieties, and/or hybrids of these.

Crop Groups Crops (Current Label: 43813-32) Expanded Crops (Proposed Label)

Citrus Fruits Calamondin, Citrus citron, Citrus hybrids 

(includes chironja, tangelo & tangor), 

Grapefruit, Kumquat, Lemon, Lime, 

Mandarin, Orange (sour & sweet), Pummelo, 

Satsuma mandarin, tangerine, and all 

cultivars and hybrids

CITRUS FRUITS: Australian lime (desert, finger, round), 

Brown River finger lime, Calamondin, Citron, Citrus 

hybrids, Grapefruit, Japanese summer grapefruit, 

Kumquat, Lemon, Lime, Mediterranean mandarin, 

Mount White lime, New Guinea wild lime, Orange 

(sour & sweet), Pummelo, Russell River lime, Satsuma 

mandarin, Sweet lime, Tachibana orange, Tahiti lime, 

Tangelo, Tangerine (mandarin), Tangor, Trifoliate 

orange, Uniq fruit, and all cultivars, varieties, and/or 

hybrids of these. 

Pome Fruits Apples, Crabapple, Loquat, Mayhaw, Pear, 

Oriental pear, Quince

Apple, Azarole, Crabapple, Loquat, Mayhaw, Medlar, 

Pear, Pear (Asian), Quince, Quince (Chinese & 

Japanese), Tejocote, and all cultivar, varieties and/or 

hybrids of these. 

Stone Fruits Apricot, Cherry (sweet & tart), Nectarine, 

Peach, Plum (including

Chickasaw, Damson, & Japanese), Plumcot, 

Prune (fresh)

Apricot, Apricot (Japanese), Capulin, Cherry (black, 

Nanking, sweet & tart), Jujube (Chinese), Nectarine, 

Peach, Plum, Plum (American, beach, Canada, cherry, 

Chickasaw, Damson, Japanese, Klamath, prune), 

Plumcot, Sloe, and cultivars, varieties and/or hybrids 

of these. 

Stone Fruits (except 

Cherry)

Apricot, Nectarine, Peach, Plum (including 

Chickasaw, Damson, & Japanese), Plumcot 

and Prune (fresh)

Apricot, Apricot (Japanese), Capulin, Jujube (Chinese), 

Nectarine, Peach, Plum, Plum (American, beach, 

Canada, cherry, Chickasaw, Damson, Japanese, 

Klamath, prune), Plumcot, Sloe, and cultivars, varieties 

and/or hybrids of these.

 

 

10
Appendix 2. Detailed Pyrimethanil New Uses and Label Amendments (IR-4 & Registrant Requests) 

Requestor 

Crop 

(expanded crops 

Appendix 1 Table 1) 

Single 

Application/Concentration 

(Max application); 

Reapplication Interval 

Method Application Notes 

EPA Reg. No. 264-788, Scala SC Fungicide*

EPA-Reg No. 264-704, Pyrimethanil Technical

*For bulb vegetable, small fruit vine climbing, lemon, stone fruit, pome fruit, low growing berry, 

the ‘change’ on the highlighted label is addition of lower application rates when this is tank mixed with another fungicide.

Bayerb

(D422492; E6065)

Caneberry

Crop subgroup

13-07A

0.35 – 0.70 lb a.i./A

(1.41 lb a.i./year)

7 days

Ground, aerial spray No PHI

Bayer

(D422492; E6065)

Bushberry, 

Crop subgroup

12-06B

13-07B

(low-growing berry)

0.35 – 0.70 lb a.i./A

(1.41 lb a.i./acre or crop)

7 days

Ground, aerial spray Conflicting information: 

registrant label says max 

application per year, but IR-4 

petition label includes lowgrowing berries, and max 

application per crop. This is a 

problem with the rest of 

Bayer’s label which says per 

crop. 

EPA Reg No. 264-704, Pyrimethanil Technical 

EPA Reg No. 2644-788, Scala SC Fungicide 

IR-4a

(D423016; E6210)

IR-4 (D422295; E6215)

Cucumber (greenhouse) 0.70 lb a.i./A 

(2.1 lb a.i./season)

7 – 14 days

Ground spray Only plastic tunnel houses or 

glass houses.

1 Day PHI

IR-4

(D423016; E6210)

Tomato Subgroup 8-10A 0.27 lb a.i./A

(1.4 lb a.i./crop)

7 – 14 days

Ground, aerial spray, and 

chemigation

1 Day PHI

Scala®brand SC Fungicide 

Expanded Crop Groups Considered 

Pome Fruit group 11

IR-4 (D422295; E6215)

Expand Fruit pome fruit 

group to revised Fruit, 

pome group 11-10

0.39 lb a.i./A

(1.6 lb a.i./A/crop?)

7 days

Ground, aerial spray, and 

chemigation

Citrus Fruit Group 10 Orange subgroup 10-10A Not specified - Not included in Draft label 

E6215, D422295

IR-4 (D422295; E6215) Lemon subgroup 10-10B 0.7 lb a.i./A

(0.7 lb a.i./A/season?)

Ground, aerial spray, and 

chemigation

Grapefruit subgroup 10-

10C

Not Specified - Not included in Draft label 

E6215, D422295

Stone Fruit Group 12

IR-4 (D422295; E6215)

Stone Fruit group 12-12 

(except Cherries)

0.70 lb a.i./A

(2.1 lb a.i./A/per crop?)

7 days

Ground, aerial spray, and 

chemigation

IR-4 (D422295;E6215) Tomato subgroup 8-10A 0.27 lb a.i./A

(1.4 lb a.i./A/per crop?)

7- 14 days

Ground, aerial spray, and 

chemigation

EPA Reg. No. 43813-32 Penbotec 400 SC 

For post-harvest use on citrus, pome, and stone fruit 

Requestor Crop

Single 

Application/Concentration

(Max application);

Reapplication Interval

Method Application Notes

IR-4 (D422295/E6215)

Citrus 

(lemon, orange, 

grapefruit)

1000 ppm 

(32 oz product/100 gal)

Dip, wash tank for 2 minutes In some instances, up to a 

combination of three 

applications can be made; see 

label for permutations.

IR-4 (D422295/E6215) 500 ppm

16 oz product/100 gal)

Drencher for 2 – 4 minutes

IR-4 (D422295/E6215) 2000 ppm

(64 oz product/100 gal)

Aqueous line spray for 1 

minute

IR-4 (D422295/E6215) 2000 ppm

(64 oz product/100 gal)

Wax line spray (storage & 

Pack wax) For 1 minute

IR-4 (D422295/E6215)

Pome

500 – 1000 ppm

(16 – 32 oz product/100 

gal)

Dip, wash tank for 1 minute In some instances, up to a 

combination of two 

applications can be made; see 

11
Requestor 

Crop 

(expanded crops 

Appendix 1 Table 1) 

Single 

Application/Concentration 

(Max application); 

Reapplication Interval 

Method Application Notes 

IR-4 (D422295/E6215) 500 – 1000 ppm

(16 – 32 oz product/100 

gal)

Drencher for 1 minute label for permutations.

IR-4 (D422295/E6215) 1000 ppm 

(32 oz product/100 gal)

Aqueous line spray for 1 

minute

IR-4 (D422295/E6215) 2000 ppm

(64 oz product/100 gal)

Wax line spray (storage & 

Pack wax) For 1 minute

IR-4 (D422295/E6215)

Stone fruit

500 ppm

16 oz product/100 gal

Dip tank for 0.5 minute Only one type of application 

permitted

IR-4 (D422295/E6215) 500 ppm

16 oz product/100 gal

High volume line spray/flood 

application (aqueous/waterwax/wax-oil emulsion)

0.5 minute

IR-4 (D422295/E6215)

Stone fruit, except cherry

4 g a.i./ton fruit

33.8 oz product/80 – 120 

gal

Low volume line spray/flood 

application (aqueous/waterwax/wax-oil emulsion)

Only one type of application 

permitted

264-788 Pyrimethanil 

Technical 

IR-4

Pyrimethanil Technical

264-788

43813-32

264-704 Technical

[E6210]

Greenhouse Cumber

Pome fruits group 11-10

Stone fruit group 12-12

Tomato subgroup 8-10A

NA NA NA

 

 

 

12
Appendix 3. Surface Water Concentration Calculator Output 

Summary of Water Modeling of Pyrimethanil combined residues and the USEPA Standard Reservoir 

 

Estimated Environmental Concentrations for Pyrimethanil combined residues are presented in Table 1 for 

the USEPA standard reservoir with the FLstrawberry_WirrigSTD field scenario. A graphical presentation of 

the year-to-year peaks is presented in Figure 1. These values were generated with the Surface Water 

Concentration Calculator (SWCC Version 1.106). Critical input values for the model are summarized in 

Tables 2 and 3.

This model estimates that about 1.6% of Pyrimethanil combined residues applied to the field eventually 

reaches the water body. The main mechanism of transport from the field to the water body is by runoff 

(74.8% of the total transport), followed by spray drift (25.2%) and erosion (0.05%).

In the water body, pesticide dissipates with an effective water column half-life of 40.7 days. (This value 

does not include dissipation by transport to the benthic region; it includes only processes that result in 

removal of pesticide from the complete system.) The main source of dissipation in the water column is 

washout (effective average half-life = 53.7 days) followed by metabolism (171.7 days) and volatilization 

(7069.7 days).

In the benthic region, pesticide dissipates very slowly (908.0 days). The main source of dissipation in the 

benthic region is metabolism (effective average half-life = 908 days). Most of the pesticide in the benthic 

region (89%) is sorbed to sediment rather than in the pore water.

Table 1. Estimated Environmental Concentrations (ppb) for Pyrimethanil combined residues. 

Peak (1-in-10 yr) 156.

4-day Avg (1-in-10 yr) 151.

21-day Avg (1-in-10 yr) 143.

60-day Avg (1-in-10 yr) 104.

365-day Avg (1-in-10 yr) 24.3

Entire Simulation Mean 15.6

Table 2. Summary of Model Inputs for Pyrimethanil combined residues. 

Scenario FLstrawberry_WirrigSTD

Cropped Area Fraction 1.0

Koc (ml/g) 2.85

Water Half-Life (days) @ 25 °C 146

Benthic Half-Life (days) @ 25 °C 772

Photolysis Half-Life (days) @ 45 °Lat 0

Hydrolysis Half-Life (days) 0

Soil Half-Life (days) @ 25 °C 186

13
Foliar Half-Life (days) 0

Molecular Wt 199.25

Vapor Pressure (torr) 1.75e-5

Solubility (mg/l) 121

 

Table 3. Application Schedule for Pyrimethanil combined residues. 

Date (Days Since 

Emergence)

Type Amount (kg/ha) Eff. Drift

30 Foliar 0.784 0.95 0.135

37 Foliar 0.784 0.95 0.135

44 Foliar 0.784 0.95 0.135

51 Foliar 0.784 0.95 0.135

58 Foliar 0.784 0.95 0.135

65 Foliar 0.784 0.95 0.135

Figure 1. Yearly Peak Concentrations

 

14
Appendix 4. PRZM-GW output 

Groundwater Analysis for pyrimethanil ROC and the Florida Citrus - FL Central Ridge, Polk County - (Tampa) 

Met File (12842.Dvf) - Astatula Sand, Hrgb A Scenario 

Estimated groundwater concentrations and breakthrough times for pyrimethanil ROC are presented in 

Table 1 for the Florida Citrus - FL Central Ridge, Polk County - (Tampa) Met File (12842.dvf) - Astatula 

sand, hrgb A groundwater scenario. A graphical presentation of the daily concentrations in the aquifer is 

presented in Figure 1. These values were generated with the PRZM-GW (Version 1.07). Critical input 

values for the model are summarized in Tables 2 and 3.

Table 1. Groundwater Results for pyrimethanil ROC and the Florida Citrus - FL Central Ridge, Polk County - 

(Tampa) Met File (12842.dvf) - Astatula sand, hrgb A Scenario. 

Peak Concentration (ppb) 128

Post-Breakthrough Mean 

Concentration (ppb)

 117

Entire Simulation Mean 

Concentration (ppb)

 83

Average Breakthrough Time 

(days)

12856.9

Throughputs 2.812652

Table 2. Chemical Properties for Groundwater Modeling of pyrimethanil ROC. 

Kd (ml/g) 2.85

Surface Soil Half Life (days) 186

Hydrolysis Half Life (days) 0

Diffusion Coefficint Air (cm2/day) 0.0

Henry's Constant 0.0

Enthalpy (kcal/mol) 0.0

 

 

15
Table 3. Pesticide application scheme used for pyrimethanil ROC. This application scheme was applied 

every year of the simulation. 

Application Days 

Relative to 

Emergence Date 

(01/01)

Application Method Application Rate

(kg/ha)

10 Above canopy application 0.784

17 Above canopy application 0.784

24 Above canopy application 0.784

84 Above canopy application 0.784

91 Above canopy application 0.784

98 Above canopy application 0.784

 

Figure 1. Aquifer Breakthrough Curve for pyrimethanil ROC and the Florida Citrus - FL Central Ridge, Polk 

County - (Tampa) Met File (12842.Dvf) - Astatula Sand, Hrgb A Scenario 

16