# State of Hawaii 

# 2011 Air Monitoring
Network Plan

Submitted to the U.S. EPA Region 9 

# July 1, 2011

Prepared by:
State of Hawaii Department of Health

Environmental Management Division
Clean Air Branch
and
State Laboratories Division Air Surveillance and Analysis Section2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 1 State of Hawaii 

# Table of Contents

List of Tables ................................................................................................................. 2
List of Figures ............................................................................................................... 2 Acronyms and Definiti ons............................................................................................ 3

Introduc tion ................................................................................................................... 4

1.0 Network Pur pose and D esign............................................................................ 5
1.1 Over view.................................................................................................... 5
1.1.1 SLAMS........................................................................................... 5
1.1. 2 SPM ............................................................................................... 5 1.2 Network Design and Review Pr ocess........................................................ 6 1.2.1 Monitoring Obje ctives and Si te Ty pes............................................ 6
1.2.2 PM 2.5 

## Network Changes................................................................. 7 1.3 Organizational Struct ure and Respons ibilitie s ........................................... 7

2.0 Network Evaluation ........................................................................................... 8
2.1 PM 10 

## Network............................................................................................. 8
2.2 PM 2.5 

## Network.......................................................................................... 10
2.3 O 3 

## Network .............................................................................................. 12
2.4 Pb Netw ork .............................................................................................. 14
2.5 CO Netw ork ............................................................................................. 16
2.6 NO 2 

## Network............................................................................................ 17
2.7 SO 2 

## Network ............................................................................................ 18
2.8 NCore ...................................................................................................... 20
2.9 H 2 

## S Networ k ............................................................................................ 20
2.10 Network Summary ................................................................................... 20
2.11 Site Clo sures ........................................................................................... 21
2.12 Site A dditions ........................................................................................... 22
2.13 Modifica tions............................................................................................ 22

3.0 Detailed Site Descripti ons ............................................................................... 24 (DH) Honol ulu..................................................................................................... 25 (KA) K apolei ....................................................................................................... 27 Kapolei NCore .................................................................................................... 29 (PC) Pear l City.................................................................................................... 30 (SI) Sand Island.................................................................................................. 32 (WB) West Beach............................................................................................... 34 (KH) Ki hei ........................................................................................................... 36 (NI) Niu malu ....................................................................................................... 38 (HL) Hilo ............................................................................................................. 40 (KN) K ona........................................................................................................... 42 (MV) Mountai n View ........................................................................................... 44 (OV) Ocean View................................................................................................ 46 (PA) P ahala ........................................................................................................ 48 (PE) P una E........................................................................................................ 50

Appendix A: Public Notice Documentation2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 2 State of Hawaii 

## List of Tables

Table 2-1 PM 10 

## Network and Concentrati ons for t he MSA......................................... 8
Table 2-2 PM 10 

## Minimum Monitoring Requi rements for the MSA .............................. 8
Table 2-3 PM 2.5 

## Network and Concentrati ons for the MSA ...................................... 10
Table 2-4 PM 2.5 

## Minimum Monitoring Require ments for t he MSA............................ 10
Table 2-5 O 3 

## Design Values fo r the MSA................................................................. 12
Table 2-6 O 3 

## Minimum Monitoring Require ments for t he MSA ................................ 12
Table 2-7 Number of Stations by Pollutant or Program ............................................ 20 Table 2-8 Summary of Network Changes ................................................................ 23
Table 3-1 State of Hawaii Ambient Air Monitoring Network ..................................... 24

List of Figures

Figure 2-1 PM 10 

## Network............................................................................................. 9 Figure 2-2 PM 2.5 

## Network.......................................................................................... 11 Figure 2-3 O 3 

## Network .............................................................................................. 13 Figure 2-4 Pb Monito ring Statio n............................................................................... 14 Figure 2-5 CO Network ............................................................................................. 16 Figure 2-6 NO 2 

## Network............................................................................................ 17 Figure 2-7 SO 2 

## Network ............................................................................................ 192011 Annual Network Plan 

## 3 State of Hawaii 

## Acronyms and Definitions

AQI Air Quality Index

ASAS State of Hawaii Department of Health Air Surveillance and Analysis
Section
BAM Beta-Attenuation Mass Monitor CAB State of Hawaii Department of Health Clean Air Branch
CBSA Core-Based Statistical Areas CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CO Carbon Monoxide DOH Hawaii State Department of Health
EPA United States Environm ental Protection Agency
FRM Federal Reference Method
H 2 

## S Hydrogen Sulfide gas IMPROVE Integrated Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments MSA Metropolitan Statistical Area
MSL Mean Sea Level MWC Municipal Waste Combustor NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NATTS National Air Toxics Trend Sites NCore National Core Multi-pollutant Monitoring Stations NEI National Emissions Inventory
NO 2 

## Nitrogen Dioxide
O 3 

## Ozone
Pb Lead

PM 2.5 

## Particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in aerodynamic
diameter

PM 10 

## Particulate matter less than or equal to 10 microns in aerodynamic
diameter PQAO Primary Quality Assurance Organization PPM Parts per million PSD Prevention of Significant Deterioration PWEI Population Weighted Emissions Index SLAMS State and Local Air Monitoring Stations
SO 2 

## Sulfur dioxide SPM Special Purpose Monitors STN Speciation Trends Network TPY Tons per Year TSP Total suspended particulates
VOG Haze due to volcanic emissions
WD Wind direction WS Wind speed μg/m 3 

## micrograms per cubic meter of air2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 4 State of Hawaii 

# Introduction

The State of Hawaii Department of Health (DOH) plans, operates and maintains the statewide ambient air quality monitoring network . Monitoring data is used for a variety of reasons including determining compliance with National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), timely reporting of the U.S. Envi ronmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Air Quality Index (AQI), tracking and characteri zing air quality trends, evaluating emission control strategies, and supporting health studies.

The DOH manages all of the State and Local Ai r Monitoring Stations (SLAMS), Special Purpose Monitoring Stations (SPM), and the Na tional Core Monitoring Station (NCore). Additionally, Hawaii has two Interagency Moni toring of Protected Visual Environments stations (IMPROVE) located at Haleakala National Park on Maui and Volcanoes National
Park on the island of Hawaii. The IMPRO VE stations are operated and maintained by the National Park Service through t heir federal land management agency.

This annual review evaluates the state’s ex isting ambient air monitoring network to determine adequacy in meeting monitoring objective s, optimizes the network by closing, moving or adding stations, and ensures that air quality issues important to the state are being addressed. The review ensures that the network is providing adequate, quality
assured and useful data to meet the needs of stakeholders. This plan encompasses the 18-month period from July 1, 2011 through December 31, 2012, however unplanned modifications may occur due to funding cons traints, site changes, or changes in EPA monitoring requirements. This plan is being s ubmitted to the EPA Region IX according to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Part 58, Section 58.10.

Notification of the plan availability for public inspection was provided through public notices published on May 17, 2011 in the daily newspapers of all counties. The plan was available for review at all county District H ealth offices as well as on the Clean Air Branch website ( http://hawaii.gov/health/envir onmental/air/cab/index.html ) for 30 days from May 17, 2011 to June 17, 2011. Documentation of public notification is provided in Appendix
A

.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 5 State of Hawaii 

# 1.0 Network Purpose and Design

1.1 Overview

EPA established NAAQS for the following criteria pollutants: carbon dioxide (CO), lead (Pb), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 

## ), ozone (O 3 

## ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 

## ), particulate matter 10 microns or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM 10 

## ), and particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5 

## ). Additionally, there is a state standard for hydrogen sulfide (H 2 

## S) that was established primarily to determine the effects of geothermal energy production activities on the island of Hawaii. Hawaii’s air quality
surveillance network consists of stations moni toring for these criteria pollutants as well as speciated PM 2.5, 

## hazardous air pollutants, and the po llutant with a state standard.

The annual review ensures that the state m eets monitoring and siting requirements, the three basic monitoring objectives, addresses the six site types in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D, provides information for non-regulatory dat a goals and the requirements of 40 CFR 58 appendices A, C, D, and E as follows:

x Appendix A: Quality Assurance Require ments for SLAMS, SPMs and PSD Air Monitoring;

x Appendix C: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Methodology

x Appendix D: Network Design Criteria for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

x Appendix E: Probe and Monitoring Path Siti ng Criteria for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

1.1.1 SLAMS

SLAMS are established primarily to demons trate compliance with the NAAQS and to meet minimum monitoring requirements as required in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D. All SLAMS must meet quality assurance, me thodology, and siting requirements of 40 CFR 58 Appendix A, C and E respectively. A ll data is submitted to EPA’s Air Quality System (AQS) within 90 days at the end of each calendar quarter, as required in 40
CFR 58.16.

EPA mandated that each state establish a minimum of one National Core multipollutant monitoring station to support tra cking of long-term trends of criteria and noncriteria pollutants, model evaluation, long-term health and ecosystem assessments, and other scientific and technological studies. All NCore stations were to be fully operational by January 1, 2011. The SLAM S network excludes SPM stations but
includes NCore and other stations that hav e not been specifically designated as SPM
stations.

1.1.2 SPM

SPM stations are operated for specific areas of interest to the state and do not count in meeting minimum monitoring requirement s. Hawaii’s SPM network is established primarily to monitor air quality impacts of emissions from the ongoing Kilauea volcano eruption; hydrogen sulfide (H 2 

## S) emissions from geothermal energy production; and impacts from cruise ships on the island of Kauai. The DOH utilizes FRM or FEM analyzers for all criteria SPM stations, m eets the quality assurance requirements of2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 6 State of Hawaii 

## requirements of 40 CFR 58 Appendix A, and subm its criteria pollutant data to AQS. All data from SPM stations which have operat ed for more than 24 months is eligible for comparison to relevant NAAQS.

The air toxics SPM station provides am bient hazardous air pollution data for characterizing impacts on public health, trends analysis, and developing control strategies. The air toxics program is not part of the National Air Toxics Trends Sites (NATTS) network.

1.2 Network Design and Review Process

The review determines if network modifica tions to reduce or eliminate redundancy and low value monitoring is needed; additional st ations to meet new NAAQS monitoring requirements or programs are necessary; suffi cient data is being collected using the best technology and schedule that resources allow; and if corrective actions to ensure compliance with all siting and quality a ssurance requirements are needed.

Modification decisions are made using a variet y of tools including but not limited to: data trend analyses; performance and technical systems audit results; regular site inspections; cost and value analyses; assessment of unfavorable site changes such as
loss of lease or construction that adverse ly affect data collection; and, the need to address special studies or new regulator y as well as non-regulatory monitoring objectives.

1.2.1 Monitoring Objectives and Site Types

Ambient air monitoring networks must be desi gned to meet three basic objectives as stated in 40 CFR 58 Appendix D: 1) Provide air pollution data to the general public in a timely manner; 2) Support compliance with NAAQS and em issions strategy development; and 3) Support air pollution research studies.

The state’s ambient air monitoring network achieves all three objectives as follows: 1) Air pollution data from all SLAMS and SPM stations are exhibited near realtime on the DOH public web-site, additionally continuous PM 2.5 

## and O 3 

## data is provided to EPA’s AIRNow website for use in calculating the AQI; 2) Data from SLAMS stations are used to demonstrate compliance with the NAAQS and in development and tracking of emissions control strategies. Similarly, data from the state’s NCore station will be used to track long-term trends of criteria and non-criteria po llutants as well as support emissions control strategies; 3) All SLAMS, SPM, NCore, and Air Toxics monitoring provide valuable information in support of air pollution, health, and other scientific studies.

In order for the network to support the thr ee basic objectives outlined above, it must be designed with a variety of monitoring site types. The six general site types are: 1) Determine the highest pollutant conc entrations expected in the network; 2) Measure typical concentrations in areas of high population density;2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 7 State of Hawaii 

## 3) Determine the impact of significant sour ces or source categories on air quality;

4) Determine general background concentrations; 5) Determine the extent of regional pollutant transport between populated areas; 6) Measure pollution impacts on visib ility, vegetation, crops, animals and buildings.

The site type for each station in the network is included in its detailed description in
Section 3.0 of this document.

1.2.2 PM 2.5 

## Network Changes

According to 40 CFR 58.10 (c), this netwo rk plan must document how the state will provide for a review of changes to a PM 2.5 

## monitoring network that impact the location of a violating PM 2.5 

## monitor or the creation or change to a community monitoring zone, including a description of the proposed us e of spatial averaging for purposes of making comparisons to the annual PM 2.5 

## NAAQS as set forth in Part 50 Appendix N. The agency must also document the pr ocess for obtaining public comment and include any comments received through the public notification process within the submitted plan.

The state does not have, nor is intending to create any community monitoring zones and does not utilize spatial averaging for comparison to the PM 2.5 

## NAAQS. The state has in place a public notification proc edure which includes posting notice in the newspapers of all counties and on the agency web site allowing for public viewing and participation of the changes that ar e in the annual network plan document.

1.3 Organizational Structure and Responsibilities

The DOH Air Surveillance and Analysis Secti on (ASAS) serves as the Primary Quality Assurance Organization (PQAO), operating and maintaining the stations and providing quality assured data to AQS. The ASAS also provides laboratory support for chemical and mass analyses of air toxics and PM 2.5 

## co-located filter samples.

The DOH Clean Air Branch (CAB) is the state agency responsible for planning, management, and regulatory activities associat ed with the state’s air program. As an organizationally separate entity, the CAB c onducts independent audits of the monitoring network and provides oversight of the PQAO.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 8 State of Hawaii 

# 2.0 Network Evaluation

There are minimum monitoring requirements for PM 10 

## , PM 2.5 

## , O 3 

## , and Pb for each MSA
in the state as described in 40 CFR 58 A ppendix D. The U.S. Census Bureau has designated Honolulu as the only MSA in t he state with a 2010 census population of 953,207. There are five counties in the stat e: Kauai (islands of Niihau and Kauai); City & County of Honolulu (island of Oahu); Maui (i slands of Maui, Molokai, Lanai, Kahoolawe), Kalawao (Kalaupapa Settlement on Molokai), and Hawaii (island of Hawaii).

2.1 PM 10 

## Network

The minimum number of required PM 10 

## monitoring stations for the MSA is dependent upon population and concentration measurements. High concentration areas are those
for which the ambient PM 10 

## data show concentrations exceeding the PM 10 

## NAAQS by 20 percent or more. Medium concentrati on areas are those for which ambient PM 10 

## data show concentrations exceeding 80 percent of the NAAQS. Low concentration areas are
those for which ambient PM 10 

## data show concentrations less than 80 percent of the NAAQS.

PM 10 

## data for 2008 to 2010 showed the MSA to be a medium concentration area (Table 2-1) and therefore is requir ed to have two to four PM 10 

## monitors (Table 2-2). The state
meets the minimum PM 10 

## monitoring requirements. DOH, with EPA approval, will close
one PM 10 

## station (West Beach 150030011) but will still have three PM 10 

## stations in the MSA and meet the minimum requirements.

Table 2-1. PM 10 

## Network and Concentrations for the MSA

Site Name AQS No. Max. 24-Hr Value 2008-2010 (μg/m 3 

### ) Percent of 24-Hr NAAQS Sampling Frequency

Honolulu 150031001 63 42 Continuous Kapolei 150030010 61 41 Continuous Pearl City 150032004 73 49 Continuous
West Beach 150030011 134 1 

### 89 Continuous

1 Construction dust event



## Table 2-2. PM 10 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

MSA Population Category (40 CFR 58 Appendix D Table D-4) High Concentration
 120% of NAAQS

(  180 μg/m 3 ) Medium
Concentration >80% of NAAQS

(>120 μg/m 3 ) Low Concentration <80% of NAAQS

(<120 μg/m 3 )

>1,000,000 6-10 4-8 2-4

500,000-1,000,000 4-8 2-4 1-2

250,000-500,000 3-4 1-2 0-1

100,000-250,000 1-2 0-1 0

MSA 2010 Census Population Maximum 24-hr
Value
2008 ` 2010 Minimum No. of Monitors Required Number of Active
Monitors in the MSA Number of Monitors
Needed



### Honolulu 953,207 134 2-4 4 0



## Figure 2-1 shows the map locations of the currently operating PM 10 

## sites in the state. All
of the PM 10 

## stations are in the Honolulu MSA.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 9 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2-1. PM 10 

## Network

NOTE: West Beach (WB) stat ion will be closed by summer 20112011 Annual Network Plan 

## 10 State of Hawaii 

## 2.2 PM 2.5 

## Network

The state must operate a mi nimum number of required PM 2.5 

## monitors based on population in the MSA and the most re cent 3-year design value for PM 2.5 

## . The design
value for the annual PM 2.5 

## standard is the most current 3-year average annual mean for each site. The design value for the 24-hour PM 2.5 

## standard is the most current 3-year average of annual 98 th 

## percentile 24-hour values recorded at each monitoring site. Table 2-3 shows the annual and daily design values for complete data years 2008 to
2010.

The most recent 3-year design values were less than 85% of any PM 2.5 

## NAAQS. Table
2-4 shows that the state m eets and exceeds the minimum monitoring requirements for
PM 2.5 

## in the MSA. In addition to the four PM 2.5 

## sites in the Honolulu MSA, the state operates one SLAMS on the island of Maui to monitor cane-burning, and five SPM on the island of Hawaii for volcanic emissions with a plan to add an additional SPM on the
northwestern side of the island. No changes are planned for the Honolulu MSA.

Table 2-3. PM 2.5 

## Network and Concentrations for the MSA

Site AQS No. Sampling Frequency Annual Design
Value
2008 ` 2010 Percent of
Annual NAAQS Daily Design
Value
2008-2010 Percent of
24-Hour NAAQS

Honolulu 150031001 Continuous 4.7 31 12.6 36 Kapolei 150030010 Continuous 5.2 34 17.0 48 Pearl City 150032004 Continuous 4.6 30 12.5 36
Sand Island 150031004 Continuous 6.0 40 12.7 36



## Table 2-4. PM 2.5 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

MSA Population Category (40 CFR 58 Appendix D Table D-5) Most recent 3-year Design Value
 85% of any PM 2.5 NAAQS (  29.8 μg/m 3 for 24-hr standard;
 12.8 μg/m 3 for annual standard) Most recent 3-year Design Value <85% of any PM 2.5 NAAQS (<29.8 μg/m 3 for 24-hour standard; <12.8 μg/m 3 for annual standard)

>1,000,000 3 2

500,000-1,000,000 2 1

250,000-500,000 1 0



### MSA 2010 Census Population Maximum
Annual Design
Value
2008 ` 2010 Maximum Daily Design
Value
2008-2010 Minimum
No. of
Monitors Required Number of
Active
Monitors in

the MSA Number of
Monitors
Needed

Honolulu 953,207 6.0 17.0 1 4 0



## Figure 2-2 shows the map locations of all the PM 2.5 

## stations in the state, including SPMS. The map frame in blue shows the PM 2.5 

## stations located in the Honolulu MSA.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 11 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2-2. PM 2.5 

## Network

Honolulu MSA2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 12 State of Hawaii 

## 2.3 O 3 

## Network

The state must operate a minimum number of O 3 

## monitors depending upon MSA population and typical peak concentrations. NCore sites are intended to complement O 3 

## data collection but can be used to meet the minimum monitoring requirements.

The O 3 

## monitoring season for the state of Hawaii is 12-months from January to
December. EPA revoked the 1-hour standard fo r the state effective 6/15/2005. The O 3 

## design value is the 3-year average of the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour
concentrations measured at each monitor. Since NCore monitoring began January 1, 2011, only data from the Sand Island station wa s used to calculate the design value.

The most recent design value concentration showed less than 85% of the O 3 

## NAAQS (Table 2-5) and therefore, as shown in T able 2-6, the state meets the minimum O 3 

## network monitoring requirements.

Table 2-5. O 3 

## Design Values for the MSA

MSA 2010 Census Population Maximum Design Value
2008 ` 2010 Minimum No.
of Monitors

Required Number of Active
Monitors
in the MSA Number
of Monitors

Needed Honolulu 953,207 0.046 1 2 1 

### 0

1 Includes NCore O 3 monitor



## Table 2-6. O 3 

## Minimum Monitoring Requirements for the MSA

MSA Population Category (40 CFR 58 Appendix D Table D-2) Most recent 3-year design value
 85% of any O 3 NAAQS (  0.064 ppm, 8-hr standard) Most recent 3-year design value <85% of any O 3 NAAQS (<0.064 ppm, 8-hr standard)

>10 million 4 2

4-10 million 3 1

350,000-<4 million 2 1

50,000-<350,000 1 0



## Figure 2-3 shows the map locations of the SLAMS and NCore O 3 

## stations. Both stations
are located in the Honolulu MSA.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 13 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2-3. O 3 

## Network2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 14 State of Hawaii 

## 2.4 Pb Network

With a 2010 census population of 953, 207 in the Honolulu MSA, the state is required to conduct non-source-oriented Pb monitoring at t he Kapolei NCore site. As required in 40 CFR 58.13, Pb monitoring at the NCore site will be operating according to Appendices A, C, D, E, and G to Part 58 by December 27, 2011.

The state currently operates one TSP monito r as part of the Air Toxics Metals SPM located in Pearl City. To comply with t he Pb monitoring requirement, the TSP sampler
will be moved to the NCore station.

Appendix D to Part 58 also requires source-o riented Pb monitoring for sources emitting 0.50 or more tons per year (TPY) according to the most recent emissions inventory. In the 2008 National Emissions Inventory the only s ource to emit more than 0.5 TPY of Pb was the waste-to-energy facility (HPOWER) located in the Honolulu MSA. HPOWER’s Pb emission was 0.542 TPY. However, in 2010 and in accordance with their covered source permit, the facility replaced the ol d air pollution controls (electrostatic precipitators) with newer technology ( baghouses) and consequently reduced their Pb emissions to 0.386 TPY, based on only one of the two municipal waste combustors (MWC) having the associated baghouse installed. It is expected that the Pb emissions will be even lower when the 2011 source performance test is conducted since each MWC now has operating baghouses as the control technology.

The facility is currently constructing another MWC estimated to be operating by 2012. If
the addition of this third boiler causes Pb emissions to increase to the 0.50 TPY threshold, the state will at that ti me initiate Pb source-monitoring.

Figure 2-4 shows the location of the Pb monitori ng site at the Kapolei NCore station. The Pb monitor will be operational and collecting va lid data no later than December 27, 2011.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 15 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2-4. Pb Monitoring Station2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 16 State of Hawaii 

## 2.5 CO Network

There are no minimum requirements for CO monitoring, however the state currently operates two CO monitors in the Honolulu M SA. CO monitoring is also planned for the
Niumalu SPM station on the island of Kauai.

Figure 2-5 shows the locations of the CO sites in the state.

Figure 2-5. CO Network2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 17 State of Hawaii 

## 2.6 NO 2 

## Network

The state is required by 40 CFR 58 Appendix D to install and operate one microscale
near-road NO 2 

## monitoring station to be operational by January 1, 2013. The state is awaiting EPA guidance on the selection of appropriate near-road monitoring sites and will submit a plan for establishing the station by July 1, 2012.

Other than the new requirements for near-r oad and area-wide monitoring for Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSA) with a population of 1,000,000 or more persons there are no
other minimum NO 2 

## monitoring requirements. Current ly, there are two SLAMS and one
SPM NO 2 

## monitoring stations but the state will di scontinue the West Beach (WB) station
and therefore will have one NO 2 

## SLAMS station.

Figure 2-6 shows the locations of the NO 2 

## stations.

Figure 2-6. NO 2 

## Network

NOTE: WB station to close
in summer 20112011 Annual Network Plan 

## 18 State of Hawaii 

## 2.7 SO 2 

## Network

EPA has established the Population Weighted Emissions Index (PWEI) to determine required SO 2 

## monitoring. The PWEI is calculated by multiplying the population of each
CBSA with the total amount of SO 2 

## in TPY emitted within the CBSA area and dividing the result by one million. According to this ca lculation, Hawaii is required to operate one SO 2 

## in the Honolulu area. The st ate currently operates three SO 2 

## monitors in the Honolulu MSA, one of which is located at the NCore station in Kapolei and therefore meets the minimum number of required SO 2 

## stations. The West Beach (WB) station, with EPA approval will be discontinued due to its proximity to the Kapolei station, low value data, and budget constraints. With the closur e of WB, the Honolulu MSA will have two SO 2 

## SLAMS stations.

SO 2 

## continues to be one of the pollutants of concern in communities on the island of Hawaii with the ongoing eruption of the Kil auea volcano. There are six stations monitoring for volcanic emissions with plans to add one more station on the northwest
side of the island. Three of the six SO 2 

## monitoring stations are SPMS that use FEM and follow all the requirements of 40 CFR 58 A ppendices A, D, and E, have been operating
for more than 24 months and therefore are s ubject to NAAQS comparison. One of the six stations was established primarily to monitor H 2 

## S emissions from geothermal energy production, the probe siting does not meet A ppendix E and therefore is a non-regulatory
SO 2 

## monitoring site.

The state also began monitoring for cruise ship emissions on the island of Kauai. This is a SPM which includes monitoring for SO 2



## .

Figure 2-7 shows the locations of the SLAMS and SPM SO 2 

## sites.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 19 State of Hawaii 

## Figure 2-7. SO 2 

## Network

NOTE: WB station will
close in summer 20112011 Annual Network Plan 

## 20 State of Hawaii 

## 2.8 NCore

EPA approved the Kapolei station as the NCore si te for Hawaii. The Kapolei station is located in the rapidly-growing residential, commercial, and industrial community on the southwest side of Oahu. Kapolei is consi dered to be the “second city” next to Honolulu with county, state and federal agencies also est ablishing offices in the area. The NCore parameters are: NO/NO y 

## , SO 2 

## , CO, O 3 

## , PM 10-2.5 

## , PM 2.5 

## , PM 2.5 

## speciation, Pb and the meteorological parameters wind speed, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity.

The NCore station became fully operational in January 1, 2011.

2.9 H 2 

## S Network

The state has a one-hour H 2 

## S standard of 25 ppb established primarily to determine the effects of geothermal energy exploration and production on the island of Hawaii. Puna Geothermal Ventures (PGV) is a 41 MW geot hermal power plant located in the lower
east rift zone of the Kilauea volcano.

Although PGV is required by their non-cover ed source permit to maintain three air monitoring stations for H 2 

## S, the state established SPM stations in the surrounding
communities to determine ambient effects of geothermal exploration and operations.
There were two stations in Puna to measure ambient concentrations of H 2 

## S, however, due to low concentrations, budget restrictions , and the required operation of three PGV stations, one of the stations (Puna H) was discontinued on 2/28/11. There remains one
station that continues to monitor for H 2 

## S as well as SO 2 

## in the community. No additional changes are planned for the monitoring of H 2 

## S in the next 18 months.

2.10 Network Summary

Table 2-7 summarizes the state’s 2011 air moni toring network. Sections 2.11 to 2.13 detail station closures, additions and equipment modifications.

Table 2-7. Number of Stations by Pollutant or Program

Pollutant/ Program SLAMS
Stations SPM
Stations Total
in MSA Total
in State Meets EPA
Minimum Required? Planned
Additions Planned
Closures CO 2 0 2 2 Not applicable 1 SPM 0
NO 2 

### 2 1 2 3 Not applicable 0 1 SLAMS
SO 2 

### 5 5 3 10 YES 1 SPM 1 SLAMS
O 3 

### 1 1 (NCore) 2 2 YES 0 0
PM 10 

### 4 0 4 4 YES 0 1 SLAMS
PM 2.5 

### 5 6 4 11 YES 1 SPM 0

Pb 0 1 1 

### 1 1 YES 1 1 

### 1 1



### NCore - 1 1 1 YES 0 0 Air Toxics 0 1 1 1 Not applicable 0 1
PM 2.5 

### Speciation 0 1 (NCore) 1 1 Not applicable 0 0

H 2 

### S 0 1 0 1 Not applicable 0 0

1 Currently, Pb is being measured as part of the Air Toxics SPM . As a required element of NCore monitoring, the TSPPb monitor will be moved to the Kapolei station.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 21 State of Hawaii 

## 2.11 Site Closures
This section describes sites that have cl osed since the 2010 Network Plan as well as planned station or monitor closures in the next 18 months.

Pearl City (150032004)
860 4 th 

## St., Pearl City, Oahu SPM Air Toxics Metals and Carbonyls Closed 4/1/11 The state has been collecting air toxics data since 2002. After review, it was
determined that data from this stati on is not needed to support any monitoring programs or emissions control strat egies. Increasing labor, operational and maintenance costs associated with sample collection and analysis in the face of budget constraints and re-prioritization were also factors in the decision to stop the metals and carbonyls sampling and analysis. Sampling for VOCs will be scaled back or will also be stopped pending further review.

Mountain View (150012017) 17-860 Volcano Rd., Mt. View, Hawaii
Parameters: SO 2 

## , PM 2.5 

## SPM Station Closed 10/27/10 As described in the 2010 Network Plan, t he lease to occupy a portion of the residential property on which this station was located expired. A new site was selected approximately 1.8 miles southwest at the Elementary School so the decision
was made to move the station.

Puna H (No AQS number)
TMK 3-1-3-46:75
Parameter: H 2 

## S
SPM Station Closed 2/28/11
This H 2 

## S station was closed due to electrical sa fety issues, lease expiration, budget reductions, redundancy and low data value.

West Beach (150030011) TMK 1-9-1-14:27 (Ko’Oli na Golf Course, Oahu)
Parameters: SO 2 

## , NO 2 

## , PM 10 

## SLAMS Closure with EPA approval
The detailed documentation to close this station was submitted to EPA Region 9 on February 7, 2011. During the 2010 5-Year Asse ssment, this station ranked last in the value ranking of SLAM stations. Data fr om this station has been of low value, not used for emissions control strategies , and determined to be redundant with the Kapolei NCore/SLAMS station located just 2.75 kilometers to the east. With continuing budget and staff constraints, res ources need to be reallocated to higher priority requirements such as NCore and NO 2 

## near-road monitoring. Closure of this
SLAMS station met the criteria set in 40 CFR 58.14(c)(1). Data analyses showed that all monitors were in attainment during t he previous five years, had a less than 10 percent probability of exceeding 80 percent of the applicable NAAQS during the next three years, and were not required by any attainment or maintenance plan. After a final independent audit, the station will be closed by the summer of 2011.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 22 State of Hawaii 

## 2.12 Site Additions
This section describes new sites that have been established since the 2010 Network Plan as well as planned station or moni tor additions in the next 18 months.

Kapolei (150030010) 2052 Lauwiliwili St., Kapolei, Oahu
NCore Parameters: PM 2.5 

## , PM 2.5 

## speciation, PM 10-2.5 

## , O 3 

## , CO, SO 2 

## , NO/NO y 

## , WS, WD, RH, Temperature
The NCore station in the Honol ulu MSA began operating on 1/1/11.

Mountain View (150012023) Mt. View Elementary School 17-1235 Volcano Rd., Mt. View, Hawaii
Parameters: SO 2 

## , PM 2.5 

## SPM began 12/7/10
This station was established to continue m onitoring the impact of volcanic emissions in the Mt. View community. The school is located approximately 1.8 miles southwest from the previous station location.

Niumalu (AQS ID Pending) 2342 Hulemalu Rd., Lihue, Kauai
Parameters: SO 2 

## , NO 2 

## , PM 2.5 

## , CO SPM began 3/21/11 This station was established approximatel y one mile downwind of Nawiliwili Harbor to monitor cruise ship emissions. Prevalent northeasterly trade-winds carry emissions from the harbor to populated downwind communities.

Waikoloa (island of Hawaii) Proposed approximate location: 19.977289° Lat / -155.797595° Long
Parameters: SO 2 

## , PM 2.5 

## This planned new station will be in Waikoloa on t he northwestern side of the island. The selected site is approximately 3 k ilometers north of the residential and commercial community of Waikoloa Village. Although there are several stations monitoring volcanic emissions during preva iling wind conditions, there are no stations to monitor the impact on the northern side of the island when the winds shift from northeasterly trade-winds to the south/southeaste rly direction. Wind direction shifts which generally occur during the winter mont hs will often bring the vog, or volcanic haze up the island chain. Although SO 2 

## is not expected to be elevated in this community, initially, both PM 2.5 

## and SO 2 

## will be monitored.

2.13 Modifications

PM 2.5 

## FRM Collocated monitor relocated From: Pearl City (150032004) To: Kapolei (150030010) Per November 1, 2010 letter from EPA Region 9, approval was granted to move the collated FRM monitor to Kapolei. The FRM shutdown at Pearl City occurred on 12/29/10, last sample date was 12/28/10. T he first FRM sample at the new Kapolei
collocated site was collected on 1/3/2011. The FRM monitor will also be used to fulfill2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 23 State of Hawaii 

## fulfill the requirement for a PM 2.5 

## FRM as part of NCore monitoring and is on a 1 in 3 day sampling schedule.

PM 2.5 

## collocated FEM monitor Planned: Kona, Hawaii station (150011012) The state’s largest pollutant network is PM 2.5 

## with five SLAMS and six SPM stations. According to the quality assurance require ments of 40 CFR Appendix A, 15% of the
PM 2.5 

## monitors should be collocated. With all of the 11 PM 2.5 

## monitors being continuous FEM BAMS 1020, one collocated FRM and one collocated FEM are required. The collocated FRM monitor is located at the Kapolei SLAMS/NCore
station. To meet the minimum collocati on requirements, however, DOH plans to add
one FEM collocated monitor at the Kona stati on. Kona consistently records some of the highest PM 2.5 

## values in the state due to volcanic emissions.

Relocate TSP-Pb monitor From: Pearl City (150032004) Air Toxics SPM To: Kapolei (150030010) SLAMS/NCore To meet the minimum monitoring require ment for Pb in the MSA, the Pb-TSP monitor currently being used to collect meta ls data as part of air toxics monitoring will be moved to the NCore site. It will be operating by December 27, 2011.

Table 2-8. Summary of Network Changes

Site AQS ID Site Type Affected Parameters Reason for
Closure/Addition/Modification HONOLULU MSA (island of Oahu)

NCore PM 2.5 , PM 10-2.5 , O 3 , CO,
SO 2 , NO/NO y , PM 2.5 speciation Required NCore station established and operating as of 1/1/11

PM 2.5 FRM collocated New location for required collocated instrument and to support NCore FRM monitoring; start dat e 1/1/11; 1/3 days Kapolei 150030010

SLAMS

TSP-Pb To start before December 27, 2011

SLAMS PM 2.5 FRM collocated Removed and relocated to Kapolei
12/29/11
Air Toxics metals and carbonyls Closed 4/1/11 due to lack of resources, low value monitoring Pearl City 150032004
SPM
Air Toxics TSP-Pb Remove and relocate to Kapolei by
December 2011
West
Beach 150030011 SLAMS PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 Close due to low value monitoring, budget constraints, resource reallocation
Hawaii County (island of Hawaii)

Kona 150011012 SPM PM 2.5 Collocated FEM to start 2011

Mt. View 150012017 SPM PM 2.5 , SO 2 Closed 10/27/10 and moved to new location due to lease expiration

Mt. View 150012023 SPM PM 2.5 , SO 2 New site replacement for original Mt. View station; star t date 12/7/10

Puna H None SPM H 2 S Closed 2/28/11 due to safety issues, budget constraints, loss of lease

Waikoloa ---- SPM PM 2.5 , SO 2 New station to be established 2011 for volcanic emissions monitoring on NW side
of island Kauai County (island of Kauai)

Niumalu To be assigned SPM PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 CO New station established to monitor cruise ship emissions; start date 3/21/112011 Annual Network Plan 

## 24 State of Hawaii 

# 3.0 Detailed Site Descriptions

Following are descriptions and photos of eac h station in the state’s ambient air monitoring network. The descriptions incl ude area location, mobile sources, probe siting, monitor information and adherence to quality assurance.

Table 3-1. State of Hawaii Ambient Air Monitoring Network

ID AQS No. Site Name Parameters
DH 150031001 Honolulu PM 2.5 

### , PM 10 

### , SO 2 

### , WS, WD

KA 150030010 Kapolei PM 2.5 

### , PM 10 

### , SO 2 

### , NO 2 

### , CO
NCore: PM 10-2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , NO/NO y 

### , CO, O 3 

### , (Pb), PM 2.5 

### speciation WS, WD, RH, Temp PC 150032004 Pearl City PM 2.5 

### , PM 10 

### , Air Toxics, WS, WD
SI 150031004 Sand Island PM 2.5 

### , O 3 

### , WS, WD, Temp
WB 150030011 West Beach PM 10 

### , SO 2 

### , NO 2 

### , WS, WD, Temp
KH 150090006 Kihei PM 2.5 

### , WS, WD NI to be assigned Niumalu PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , NO 2 

### , CO, WS, WD
HL 150011006 Hilo PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , WS, WD, Temp
KN 150011012 Kona PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , WS, WD, Temp
MV 150012023 Mt. View PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , WS, WD
OV 150012020 Ocean View PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , WS, WD
PA 150012016 Pahala PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , WS, WD
PE 150012010 Puna E SO 2 

### , H 2 

### S, WS, WD2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 25 State of Hawaii 

## (DH) HONOLULU AQS: 150031001 Program: SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu Address: 1250 Punchbowl St., Honolulu, HI 96813 Latitude: 21.30758 Longitude: - 157.85542 Elevation: 20 m MSL Location Description:
This station is located on the roof of the state Department of Health building in downtown Honolulu. The surrounding streets are busy thoroughfares serving the downtown area. The area includes a major hospital (Queen’s Medical Center), the state capito l, other state, county, commercial and business buildings as well as residential condominiums.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway Punchbowl S. Beretania Vineyard H-1 Freeway X Major Street or Highway X X X
Distance from air intake (m) 30 122 610 914

Direction from air inlet E S N N/NE Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 5 6 6 6 Average daily traffic 35,844 1 53,046 1 48,445 1 No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 20 25 25 45 Traffic one way or two 2 1 2 2 Street parking? No No No No

1 Source: State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation 2006 traffic count

Meteorology: WS, WD sensors attached to pole at rooftop

MONITOR INFORMATION

PM 2.5 PM 10 SO 2 CO WS WD
Manufacturer Met-One Met-One TECO TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM 1020 BAM 1020 43i 48 05103VP 05103VP
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 122 060 054 N/E N/E

Parameter start date 1/99 2/92 1/72 1/72 11/03 11/03 Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous

Probe material
-- -- Teflon Teflon -- -- Residence Time (sec) -- -- 12.48 12.48 -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 26 State of Hawaii 

### DH Honolulu continued

PROBE SITING GASES (CO, SO 2 ) PM 2.5 PM 10 Location of probe Top of building Top of building Top of building Building dimensions Height (m) 12 12 12 Width (m) 61 61 61 Depth (m) 15 15 15
Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) 9 8 8 Vertical distance above supporti ng structure (m) 1.2 1.8 1.8 Height of probe above ground (m) 13.2 13.8 13.8 Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 27 E 24 E 24 E Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 23 20 20 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 24 24 24
Horizontal distance from wa lls, parapets, penthouses (m) 9 11 9
Distance & direction from nearest possible obstacle(s) 9 N 9 N 9 N
Distance & direction from furnace or inci neration flues (m) 238 S/ SW 234 S/SW 234 S/SW
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetativ e ground? Paved Paved Paved

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS
CO SO 2 PM 2.5 PM 10 Spatial scale Middle Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging times 1-hr; 8-hr 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr,
Annual 24-hr; Annual 24-hr; Annual

Sampling season 12-months 12-m onths 12-months 12-months Site type Maximum Population Population Population

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last PEP audit 3/20/11 Did not receiv e results from EPA contractor
Last NPAP 12/16/10 Passed Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 12/1/10 Passed, no problems noted

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes

3/9/2010 Probe moved from side to top of bu ilding to reduce residence time of gas pollutants 1/25/11 EPA Region 9 TSA Changes planned in the next 18
months None2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 27 State of Hawaii 

## (KA) KAPOLEI AQS: 150030010 Program: SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu Address: 2052 Lauwiliwili St., Kapolei, HI 96707 Latitude: 21.32374 Longitude: - 158.08861 Elevation: 17.9 m MSL Location Description: Located in the Kapolei Business Park, in the rapidly gr owing “second city” of Kapolei, the area is a mix of business, commercial, and government activi ties surrounded by an ever expanding residential community. The site is also approximately 1.25 km northeast (upwind) of the state’s largest industrial park on the southwest coast of the island of Oahu.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway Kalaeloa Blvd. Lauwiliwili St. H-1 Freeway Freeway X Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road X
Distance from air intake (m) 379 167 686

Direction from air inlet NW W N Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 4 2 6 Average daily traffic 18,255 1 No data No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 35 30 55 Traffic one way or two 2 2 2 Street parking? No Yes No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation

Meteorology: WS, WD data provided by station met equipment attached to a 10 meter tower

MONITOR INFOMATION

PM 2.5 PM 2.5 co-loc PM 10 CO SO 2 NO 2 WS WD °F

Manufacturer Met One Andersen Met One TECO TECO TECO RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 RAAS2.5 BAM1020 48i 43A 42C 5103VP 5103VP 41342
VC AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 120 122 054 060 074

Parameter start date 7/29/02 1/1/11 7/ 29/02 7/29/02 7/29/ 02 7/29/02 7/29/02 7/29/02 7/29/02 Frequency continuous 1/3 cont. cont. cont. cont. cont. cont.
Probe material -- -- -- Glass Glass Glass -- -- Residence Time (sec) -- -- -- 13.22 13.22 13.22 -- --
Distance between colocated monitors 4 m 4 m -- -- -- -- -- --2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 28 State of Hawaii 

### KA Kapolei continued

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) GASES (CO, SO 2 , NO 2 ) PM 2.5 PM 10 Location of probe Top of trailer shelter Top of tra iler shelter Top of trailer shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 4 4 4 Width (m) 2.4 2.4 2.4 Depth (m) 5 5 5
Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A N/A
Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1.1 1 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 5.1 5 5 Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 19 N 17 N 17 N Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 167 167 167 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 87 87 87
Horizontal distance from walls, parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A N/A Distance & direction from nearest possible obstacle (m) 170 W 170 W 170 W
Distance & direction from fur nace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? Vegetative Vegetative Vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS
CO SO 2 NO 2 PM 2.5 PM 10 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging times 1-hr; 8-hr 1-hr; 3-hr-24-hr;
Annual 1-hr; Annual 24-hr; Annual 24-hr

Sampling season 12 months 12 months 12 months 12 m onths 12 months Site type Population Population Population Population Population

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last PEP audit 3/17/10 Did not receiv e results from EPA contractor
Last NPAP 12/15/10 Passed Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 8/3/10 Passed, no problems noted

Flow audit frequency Monthly
PM FRM calibrations 6 months Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes 1/1/11 Added NCore monitoring station next to SLAMS trailer 1/25/11 EPA Region 9 TSA Changes planned in the next 18
months Will begin TSP-Pb monitoring2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 29 State of Hawaii 

## KAPOLEI NCore AQS: 150030010 Program: NCore County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu Address: 2052 Lauwiliwili St., Kapolei, HI 96707 Latitude: 21.32374 Longitude: - 158.08861 Elevation: 17.9 m MSL

NCore Monitor Information

NOTE: The SLAMS PM 2.5 and PM 10 monitors are used to calc ulate the NCore parameter PM 10-2.5 . Wind speed, wind direction and ambient temperatur e sensors are also represented by the SLAMS instruments. The fo llowing equipment listed
in this table are those that ar e specific to NCore monitoring.

CO SO 2 NO/NO y O 3 PM 2.5 speciation Relative Humidity

Manufacturer API API Ecotech Ecotech Met-One
URG RM Young

Model No. M300EU M100EU 9843 Serinus 10 SASS
300N 05103VP

AQS Method Code (NE if not entered) 593 600 591 187

Parameter start date 1/1/11 1/1/11 1/1/11 1/1/11 10/1/09 1/1/11 Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous 1/3 Continuous

Probe material Glass Glass Glass Glass Residence Time (sec) 14.60 14.60 14.60 14.60

PROBE SITING

(N/A = Not applicable) GASES (CO, SO 2 , NO 2 , O 3 ) PM 2.5 speciation

Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter Building dimensions SASS URG Height (m) 4 4 4 Width (m) 2.4 2.4 2.4 Depth (m) 5 5 5
Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A N/A N/A
Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 1.7 1.6 Height of probe above ground (m) 5 5.7 5.6 Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 12 SE 13 SE 11 SE Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 165 165 165 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 85 85 85
Horizontal distance from walls, parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A N/A Distance & direction from nearest possible obstacle (m) 168 W 168 W 168 W
Distance & direction from fur nace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? vegetative vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

CO trace SO 2 trace NO/NO y O 3 PM 10-2.5 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Sample duration Hourly Hourly Hour ly Hourly Hourly Site type Population Population Populat ion Population Population

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: Daily

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes 1/1/11 NCore monitoring began Changes planned in the next 18 mo Will begin TSP-Pb monitoring2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 30 State of Hawaii 

## (PC) PEARL CITY AQS: 150032004 Program: SLAMS/SPM County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu
Address: 860 4 th 

### St., Pearl City, HI 96782 Latitude: 21.39283 Longitude: - 157.96913 Elevation: 23.1 m MSL Location Description: This site is located on the roof of the Department of Health’s Leeward Health Center in a commercial and highly populated residential area. The station is west of Hawaiian Electric Company’s Waiau Generating Station and is approximately 3 miles NW of the Pearl Harbor Naval Complex.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### 4 th 

### St. Lehua Ave. Kam. Hwy. H-1 Freeway X Major Street or Highway X X

Local Street or Road X
Distance from air intake (m) 50 138 58 320

Direction from air inlet S W N S Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt asphalt concrete

Number of traffic lanes 2 4 6 10 Average daily traffic No Data 

### 15,692 (2002) 1 

### 57,948 (2007) 1 

### No Data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 20 30 35 55 Traffic one way or two 2 2 2 2 Street parking? Yes No No No

1 Source: State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation

Meteorology: WS, WD sensors attached to pole at rooftop

MONITOR INFORMATION

PM 2.5 PM 10 Air Toxics
TSP-Pb WS WD PM 2.5 co-loc

Manufacturer Met-One Met-One Graseby RM Young RM Young Andersen

Model No. BAM 1020 BAM 1020 2376105 05103VP 05103VP RAAS 2.5
AQS Method Code (NE if not entered) 170 122 092 NE NE 120

Parameter start date 1/99 2/92 1/02 11/03 11/03 4/1/09 Frequency Continuous Continuous 1/6 Continuous Continuous 1/6

Probe material
-- -- -- -- -- -- Residence Time (sec)
-- -- -- -- -- --Distance between colocated monitors (NA if not applicable) 4 m NA NA NA NA 4 m2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 31 State of Hawaii 

### PC Pearl City continued

PROBE SITING

N/A = Not applicable PM 2.5 PM 10 Toxics
metals Toxics
Gas Location of probe Top of building Top of building Top of building Top of building Building dimensions Height (m) 12 12 12 12 Width (m) -- -- -- -- Depth (m) -- -- -- --
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) 14 14 19 12 Vertical distance above suppor ting structure (m) 2 2 1 2 Height of probe above ground (m) 14 14 13 14 Distance (m) & direction from tr ee(s) >20 W >20 W >20 W >20 W Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 58 58 53 60 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) -- -- -- --
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) 14 14 19 12 Distance & direction from nearest po ssible obstacle(s) 14 S 14 S 19 S 12 SE
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? Paved Paved Paved Paved

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 PM 10 Air Toxics Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24-hr; Annual 24-hr 24-hr

Sampling season 12-months 12-months 12-months Site type Population Population Population

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last PEP 3/20/11 Did not receive results from EPA contractor Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 12/2/10 Passed, no problems noted

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes 1/25/11 EPA Region 9 TSA
12/29/10 Discontinued co-located PM 2.5 monitor and moved it to Kapolei station

4/1/11 Discontinued Air Toxics metals and carbonyls monitoring; VOC monitoring will be scaled back or will be stopped pending further
review Changes planned in the next 18
months None2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 32 State of Hawaii 

## (SI) SAND ISLAND AQS: 150031004 Program: SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu Address: 1039 Sand Island Parkway, Honolulu, HI 96819 Latitude: 21.30384 Longitude: - 157.87117 Elevation: 5.3 m MSL Location Description: Station is located in the University of Hawaii’s Anuenue Fisheries near the entrance to the Sand Island
Recreational Area. Sand Island is downwind of downtown Honolulu, across from Honolulu Harbor.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Sand Island Parkway Freeway Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road
Distance from air intake (m) 

### 37

Direction from air inlet 

### W Composition of roadway 

### asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2 Average daily traffic 

### 1610 (2007) 1
Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 30 Traffic one way or two 

### 2 Street parking? 

### No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Department of Transportation

MONITOR INFORMATION Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp sensors attached to pole on shelter roof

O 3 PM 2.5 WS WD Temp
Manufacturer TECO Met One RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. 49C BAM 1020 05103VP 05103VP 41342VC
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 047 170 N/E N/E N/E

Parameter start date 2/81 10/99 -- -- -- Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous
Probe material Glass -- -- -- -- Residence Time (sec) 17.96 -- -- -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 33 State of Hawaii 

### SI Sand Island continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 O 3 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 3 3 Width (m) 2 2 Depth (m) 5 5
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1.1 2 Height of probe above ground (m) 4.1 5 Distance (m) & direction fr om tree(s) >20 E >20 E Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 37 37 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 40 40
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) NA NA
Distance & direction from nearest obstacle(s) 14 N 14 N
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 

### 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 O 3 Spatial scale Neighborhood Urban Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24-hr; Annual 8-hr

Sampling season 12-months 12-months Site type Transport Maximum

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP 12/14/10 Passed
Last PEP 12/16/10 Did not receive results from EPA contractor Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 10/26/10 Passed, no problems noted

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes 1/25/11 EPA Region 9 TSA

Part of 2 nd and 3 rd Qtr 2010 Large amount of PM 2.5 data invalidated due to undet ected filter and flow problems; incomplete annual average. Changes planned in the next 18
months None2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 34 State of Hawaii 

## (WB) WEST BEACH AQS: 150030011 Program: SLAMS County: Honolulu MSA: Honolulu Address: TMK 1-9-1-14:27 Ko’Olina Golf Course, Kapolei, HI 96707 Latitude: 21.33274 Longitude: - 158.11413 Elevation: 14.5 m MSL Location Description: Located in the resort and residential community of Ko ’Olina next to the Ko’Olina Golf course which is approximately 1.5 miles northwest of Campbell Industr ial Park and 0.5 miles from Barber’s Point Deep
Draft Harbor.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Aliinui Drive Freeway Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X
Distance from air intake (m) 

### 315

Direction from air inlet 

### NW Composition of roadway 

### asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 4 Average daily traffic 

### No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 30 Traffic one way or two 

### 2 Street parking? 

### No

MONITOR INFORMATION Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp sensors attached to 10 meter tower

SO 2 NO 2 PM 10 WS WD Temp
Manufacturer TECO TECO Met One RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. 43A 42C BAM1020 05103VP 05103VP 41342VC
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 060 074 122 N/E N/E N/E

Parameter start date 2/91 11/92 2/91 -- -- -- Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material Glass Glass -- -- -- -- Residence Time (sec) 17.43 17.43 -- -- -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 35 State of Hawaii 

### WB West Beach continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 10 Gases (SO 2 , NO 2 ) Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 4 4 Width (m) 2 2 Depth (m) 5 5
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1 1.05 Height of probe above ground (m) 5 5.05 Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 3 W 3 W Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 315 313 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A N/A
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A
Distance & direction from neares t possible obstacle(s) 3 W 3 W
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 

### 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 10 SO 2 NO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging
times 24-hr 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr; annual 1-hr; annual

Sampling season 12-months 12-months 12-months Site type background source source

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP 12/15/10 Passed
Last PEP Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 7/29/10 Passed, no problems noted

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes 1/25/11 EPA Region 9 TSA Changes planned in the next 18
months Station will be closed summer 2011 after independent CAB audit completed.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 36 State of Hawaii 

## (KH) KIHEI AQS: 150090006 Program: SLAMS County: Maui MSA: None Address: TMK 2-3-9-4:28 Hale Piilani Park, Kihei, HI 96753 Latitude: 20.780997 Longitude: - 156.44637 Elevation: 46.5 m MSL Location Description:
This station is located in the Hale Piilani s ubdivision’s park in upper Kihei and surrounded primarily by agricultural land. The station was established to monitor the effects of sugar cane burning.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Kaiolohia Kaiwahine Freeway Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X X
Distance from air intake (m) 

### 114 118

Direction from air inlet 

### NW S Composition of roadway 

### asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2 2 Average daily traffic 

### No data No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 25 25 Traffic one way or two 

### 2 2 Street parking? 

### Yes Yes

MONITOR INFORMATION Meteorology: WS, WD sensors attached to 10 meter tower

PM 2.5 WS WD
Manufacturer Met One RM Young RM Young
Model No. BAM 1020 05103VP 05103VP
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 N/E N/E

Parameter start date 2/99 -- -- Frequency Continuous Continuous Continuous
Probe material
-- -- -- Residence Time (sec)
-- -- --Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 37 State of Hawaii 

### KH Kihei continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 Location of probe Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 4 Width (m) 2 Depth (m) 5
Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) N/A
Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 5 Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 19.2 N Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 154.5 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 105.2
Horizontal distance from wa lls, parapets, penthouses (m) N/A
Distance & direction from near est possible obstacle(s) N/A
Distance & direction from furnac e or incineration flues (m) N/A
Unrestricted airflow 

### 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 Spatial scale Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24-hr; Annual

Sampling season 12-months Site type source Suitable for comparison against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? YES

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP
Last PEP 3/15/11 Did not receive results from EPA contractor Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 11/3/10 Passed, no problems noted

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months None2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 38 State of Hawaii 

## (NI) NIUMALU AQS: 15 Program: SPM County: Kauai MSA: None Address: 2342 Hulemalu Rd., Lihue, HI 96766 Latitude: 21.9495 Longitude: - 159.365 Elevation: 11 m MSL Location Description: Located on a private residential property approximately 1 mile downwind of Nawiliwili Harbor, this station was established to monitor the impact of cr uise ship emissions on nearby communities.

Type of Roadway 

### Hulemalu Rd. Niumalu Rd. Freeway Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X X
Distance from air intake (m) 

### 44.4 309.7

Direction from air inlet 

### NW NE Composition of roadway 

### asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2 1 Average daily traffic 

### 100 (est.) 30 (est.) Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 15 20 Traffic one way or two 

### 2 2 Street parking? 

### No No

MONITOR INFORMATION Meteorology: WS, WD sensors attached to pole on the shelter

SO 2 NO 2 PM 2.5 WS WD
Manufacturer TECO Teledyne API Met One RM Young RM Young

Model No. 43i 200E BAM1020 05103VP 05103VP
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 060 170 N/E N/E

Parameter start date 3/21/11 3/21/11 3/21/11 -- -- Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material Glass Glass -- -- -- Residence Time (sec) 15.31 15.31 -- -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 39 State of Hawaii 

### NI Niumalu continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 10 Gases (SO 2 , NO 2 ) Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 2.9 2.9 Width (m) 4.9 4.9 Depth (m) 2.4 2.4
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 4 4 Distance (m) & direction from tree(s) 5.2 ESE 5.2 ESE Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 44.4 44.4 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A N/A
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A Distance & direction from nearest possible obstacle(s) 14.6 W ( house) 14.6 W (house)
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 

### 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 NO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging times 24-hr 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr; annual 1-hr; annual Sampling season 12-months 12-months 12-months Site type source source source

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) Not yet performed; site
is new Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted:

---

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months CO monitor will be operating by June 2011.
Tree 5.2m from the station probe will be cut down summer 2011.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 40 State of Hawaii 

## (HL) HILO AQS: 150011006 Program: SLAMS/SPM County: Hawaii MSA: None Address: 1099 Waianuenue Ave., Hilo, HI 96720 Latitude: 19.71756 Longitude: - 155.11053 Elevation: 136.8 m MSL Location Description: Located on the grounds of the Adult Rehab ilitation Center of Hilo, near the Hilo Medical Center, this site was originally established to monitor volcanic emissions during non-prevalent wind conditions. SO 2 

### is a
SLAMS monitor and PM 2.5 

### is a SPM monitor.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Waianuenue Ave. Freeway Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road
Distance from air intake (m) 

### 20

Direction from air inlet 

### N Composition of roadway 

### Asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 

### 2 Average daily traffic 

### No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 

### 30 Traffic one way or two 

### 2 Street parking? 

### No

Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp. sensors on a 10 meter tower

MONITOR INFORMATION

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD Temp
Manufacturer Met-One TECO RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43A 05103VP 05103VP 41342VC
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 060 N/E N/E N/E

Parameter start date 5/1/08 2/91 -- -- -- Frequency continuous cont inuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material -- Glass -- -- -- Residence Time (sec) -- 18.11 -- -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 41 State of Hawaii 

### HL Hilo continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 3 3 Width (m) 2.4 2.4 Depth (m) 5 5
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1.7 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 4.7 4 Distance (m) & direction fr om tree(s) 4.6 S 4.6 S Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 20 20 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 25 25
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A
Distance & direction from nearest possible obstacle(s) 4.6 S 4.6 S
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) 29 NNW 29 NNW
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging
times 24-hr; annual 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr; annual

Sampling season 12-months 12-months Site type population population

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP 3/23/10 Did not receive results from EPA contractor
Last PEP 7/28/08 Passed

Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 6/30/10 North vane not within alignment specs; WD degrees not in agr eement between data logger and chart recorder; wind speed sensor did not pass audit criteria. Corrective actions completed 7/21/10 Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months Tree that is 4.6m S from stati on probe will be cut down, summer 2011.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 42 State of Hawaii 

## (KN) KONA AQS: 150011012 Program: SLAMS/SPM County: Hawaii MSA: None Address: 81-1043 Konawaena School Rd., Kona, HI 96750 Latitude: 19.50978 Longitude: - 155.91342 Elevation: 517.2 m MSL Location Description: This station is located on the upper campus of Konawaena High School. It was established to measure impacts from volcanic emissions. SO 2 

### is SLAMS, PM 2.5 

### is SPM.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Konawaena School Rd. Mamalahoa Hwy. Freeway Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road X
Distance from air intake (m) 17 702

Direction from air inlet N W Composition of roadway asphalt asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 1 2 Average daily traffic No data 15,503 (2006) 1
Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 10 55 Traffic one way or two 2 2 Street parking? No No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Dept. of Transportation

Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp. sensors on a 10 meter tower

MONITOR INFORMATION

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD Temp
Manufacturer Met-One TECO RM Young RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43C 05103VP 05103VP 41342VC
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 060 N/E N/E N/E

Parameter start date 3/15/08 9/05 9/05 9/05 9/05 Frequency continuous cont inuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material -- Glass -- -- -- Residence Time (sec)
-- -- -- --Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 43 State of Hawaii 

### KN Kona continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 3 3 Width (m) 2.4 2.4 Depth (m) 5 5
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 4 4 Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 38 NE 38 NE Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 30 N 30 N Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A N/A
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A Distance & direction from nearest possibl e obstacle(s) 21 SSW (tank) 21 SSW (tank)
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging
times 24-hr; annual 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr; annual

Sampling season 12-months 12-months Site type maximum population

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP 3/17/11 Did not receive results from EPA contractor
Last PEP 7/30/08 Passed Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 6/21/10 Passed with no problems noted.

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months Co-locate a PM 2.5 FEM monitor2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 44 State of Hawaii 

## (MV) MT. VIEW AQS: 150012023 Program: SPM County: Hawaii MSA: None Address: 17-1235 Volcano Rd., Mt. View, HI 96771 Latitude: 19.57002 Longitude: - 155.08046 Elevation: 436.5 m MSL Location Description: This station is located on the grounds of the Mt. View Elementary School. The original Mt. View station, which began in December 2007, was moved at the endi ng of 2010 approximately 1.8 miles southwest to this current location. Due to the pr oximity of this community to the Kilauea volcano, it was established to monitor volcanic emissions during non-trade wind days.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Volcano Rd. Freeway Major Street or Highway X

Local Street or Road
Distance from air intake (m) 30.5

Direction from air inlet N Composition of roadway asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2 Average daily traffic 5,207 1 (2006) Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 40 Traffic one way or two 2 Street parking? No

1 Source: State of Hawaii Dept. of Transportation

Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp. sensors on a 10 meter tower

MONITOR INFORMATION

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD
Manufacturer Met-One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43i 05103VP 05103VP
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 060 N/E N/E

Parameter start date 12/7/10 12/8/10 12/7/ 10 12/7/10 Frequency continuous cont inuous continuous continuous

Probe material -- Glass -- -- Residence Time (sec) -- 18.16 -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 45 State of Hawaii 

### MV Mt. View continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 3 3 Width (m) 2.4 2.4 Depth (m) 5 5
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 4 4 Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 18 W 18 W Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 6.5 6.5
Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 46.5 46.5
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A
Distance & direction from neares t possible obstacle(s) None None
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging
times 24-hr; annual 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr; annual

Sampling season 12-months 12-months Site type source source

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP None to date Site is new
Last PEP --- Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) first station audit will be
in 2011 Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted:

---

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months None2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 46 State of Hawaii 

## (OV) OCEAN VIEW AQS: 150012020 Program: SPM County: Hawaii MSA: None Address: 92-6091 Orchid Mauka Circle, Ocean View, HI 96737 Latitude: 19.11756 Longitude: - 155.77814 Elevation: 862.6 m MSL Location Description: This station is located on the grounds of the Ocean Vi ew Fire Station. During normal trade-winds, volcanic emissions are carried into this residential/agricultural community.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Orchid Mauka Circ. Freeway Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X
Distance from air intake (m) 13.6

Direction from air inlet ENE Composition of roadway asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2 Average daily traffic No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 25 Traffic one way or two 2 Street parking? No

Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp. sensors on a 10 meter tower

MONITOR INFORMATION

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD
Manufacturer Met-One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43i 05103VP 05103VP
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 060 N/E N/E

Parameter start date 4/1/10 4/1/10 4/1/ 10 4/1/10 Frequency continuous cont inuous continuous continuous

Probe material -- Glass -- -- Residence Time (sec) -- 18.34 -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 47 State of Hawaii 

### OV Ocean View continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 3 3 Width (m) 2.4 2.4 Depth (m) 5 5
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1.1 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 4.1 4 Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 7 ENE 7 ENE Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 13.6 13.6
Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 6.4 6.4
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A Distance & direction from nearest possible obstacle(s) 7 ENE 7 ENE
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging
times 24-hr; annual 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr; annual

Sampling season 12-months 12-months Site type source welfare

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP None
Last PEP None Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 6/29/10 Passed with no problems noted

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months Tree that is 7m from t he station will be trimmed.2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 48 State of Hawaii 

## (PA) PAHALA AQS: 150012016 Program: SPM County: Hawaii MSA: None Address: 96-3150 Pikake St., Pahala, HI 96777 Latitude: 19.2039 Longitude: -155.48018 Elevation: 320 m MSL Location Description: This station is located on the grounds of the Ka ’u High/Pahala Elementary School. During normal tradewinds, volcanic emissions are carried into this rural community.

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Puahala Pumeli Freeway Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X X
Distance from air intake (m) 226 61

Direction from air inlet E N Composition of roadway Asphalt Asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2 2 Average daily traffic No data No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 25 mph 25 mph Traffic one way or two 2 2 Street parking? No No

Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp. sensors on a 10 meter tower

MONITOR INFORMATION

PM 2.5 SO 2 WS WD
Manufacturer Met-One TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. BAM1020 43i 05103VP 05103VP
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 170 060 N/E N/E

Parameter start date 4/11/08 8/10/07 8/10/ 07 8/10/07 Frequency continuous cont inuous continuous continuous

Probe material -- Glass -- -- Residence Time (sec) -- 18.22 -- --

Distance between colocated monitors (N/A if not applicable) N/A2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 49 State of Hawaii 

### PA Pahala continued

(N/A = Not applicable) PM 2.5 SO 2 Location of probe Top of shelter Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 2.4 2.4 Width (m) 2.4 2.4 Depth (m) 6 6
Horizontal distance from s upporting structure (m) N/A N/A
Vertical distance above s upporting structure (m) 1 1 Height of probe above ground (m) 3.4 3.4 Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 11 N 11 N Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 48 S 48 S Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) 73 S 73 S
Horizontal distance from walls , parapets, penthouses (m) N/A N/A
Distance & direction from neares t possible obstacle(s) 24 W 24 W
Distance & direction from furnace or incineration flues (m) N/A N/A
Unrestricted airflow 360° 360° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative vegetative

SITE REPRESENTATIVENESS

PM 2.5 SO 2 Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood Applicable NAAQS averaging
times 24-hr; annual 1-hr; 3-hr; 24-hr; annual

Sampling season 12-months 12-months Site type source maximum Suitable for comparison against the annual PM 2.5 NAAQS? YES

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP 7/29/08 Passed
Last PEP 3/17/11 Did not receive results from EPA contractor Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 6/23/10 Passed with no problems noted

Flow rate audit frequency Monthly Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Frequency of 1-pt. QC check for

gases: 2X/week

Frequency of multipoint gas
calibration: Quarterly beginning
4/1/11 Prior to 4/1/11, multipoint calibrations were conducted monthly
Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months None2011 Annual Network Plan 

## 50 State of Hawaii 

## (PE) PUNA E AQS: 150012010 Program: SPM non-regulatory County: Hawaii MSA: None Address: 13-763 Leilani Ave., Pahoa, HI Latitude: 19.46399 Longitude: - 154.89871 Elevation: 207.9 m MSL Location Description: Located on a residential property in Leilani Estates, this station is primarily to monitor emissions from the nearby geothermal energy facility. In 2005, an SO 2 

### monitor was added to measure any effects from volcanic emissions. However, since this is primarily an H 2 

### S site, the probe is at breathing height, below EPA requirements and is therefore non-regulatory for SO 2



### .

TRAFFIC DESCRIPTION Type of Roadway 

### Leilani Blvd. Freeway Major Street or Highway

Local Street or Road X
Distance from air intake (m) 25.6

Direction from air inlet NE Composition of roadway asphalt

Number of traffic lanes 2 Average daily traffic No data Average vehicle speed (est. mph) 25 Traffic one way or two 2 Street parking? Yes

Meteorology: WS, WD, Temp. sensors on a 10 meter tower

MONITOR INFORMATION

SO 2 H 2 S WS WD
Manufacturer TECO TECO RM Young RM Young

Model No. 43C 43C 05103VP 05103VP
AQS Method Code (N/E if not entered) 060 N/E N/E N/E

Parameter start date 2/05 3/91 3/91 3/91 Frequency continuous continuous continuous continuous

Probe material Teflon Teflon -- -- Residence Time (sec) 16.24 16.242011 Annual Network Plan 

## 51 State of Hawaii 

### PE Puna E continued

(N/A = Not applicable) SO 2 , H 2 S Location of probe Top of shelter
Shelter dimensions Height (m) 3 Width (m) 2.4 Depth (m) 5
Horizontal distance from supporting structure (m) 1.2 Vertical distance above supporting structure (m) side of trailer Height of probe above ground (m) 1.8 Distance (m) & direction from nearest tree(s) 17 SW Horizontal distance from edge of nearest traffic lane (m) 26 Horizontal distance from nearest parking lot (m) N/A Horizontal distance from walls, parapet s, penthouses (m) 1.2 side of trailer Distance & direction from nearest possi ble obstacle(s) 1.2 side of trailer
Distance & direction from furnac e or incineration flues (m) N/A
Unrestricted airflow 180° Located in paved or vegetative ground? 

### vegetative

SO 2 H 2 S Spatial scale Neighborhood Neighborhood

Applicable NAAQS averaging
times Not comparable to NAAQS (non-regulatory). Probe height does not meet 40 CFR 58 App. E, probe at breathing height for H 2 S 1-hr state standard of 25 ppb

Sampling season 12-months 12-months Site type Source Source

DATA QUALITY Date or Frequency Result
Last NPAP
Last PEP Last annual independent performance audit (CAB) 6/22/10 H 2 S calibration/span gas was expired.
Corrective action co mpleted 6/28/10. Flow rate audit frequency Precision & Accuracy submitted to AQS: Quarterly

Annual data certific ation submitted: 5/1/11

REASONS FOR INVALID OR MISSING DATA; OTHER SITE CHANGES and Notes Changes planned in the next 18
months None