P. 1



# OAR Box 1830 Prepped byOllie Stewart



### Document

Number: 

# 13)IV-B- 9
Docket Number: 

# A-87-1 1

Printed 11/13/20087:20:51 AM Sheet 13 of 232

### ^ £0S 

### X T i : UNITE D STATE S ENVIRONMENTA LPROTECTIO N AGENC Y 

# USE / *'wt &> " AN N ARBOR . MICHIGA N 4810 5 P. 2



### OC T24 !98 3 OFFIC E O F AI R AN D RADIATIO N

MEMORANDU M

SUBJECT : EP ATestin g o f AP I Sponsore d Vehicle s Equippe d Wit h

Onboar d Refuelin g Emission s Contro l System s FROM : Davi d B . Bartus , Chemica l Enginee r /../>__ > Standard s Developmen t an d Suppor t Branc h
TO :

THRU : Docke t A-87-1 1

Joh n Anderson , Senio r Projec t Manage r Standard s Developmen t an d Suppor t Branc h / <v ^ rP^v^ 1 —

EP Aha s conducte d test s o n tw o vehicle s o n loa n fro mExxo n Researc han d Engineerin g accordin g t o tes t procedure s associate d wit hth e refuelin g SMPRM . Thes e vehicles , a 193 7 For d Tauru s an d a 198 7 Buic k LeSabre , ha d bee n modifie d by Exxo n t o includ e integrate d onboar d refuelin g emission s contro l systems . Durin g th e perio d 9/14/8 8 throug h9/29/38 , severa l telephon e conversation s wer e hel d wit hDr . Georg e Musse r o f Exxo n Researc han d Engineerin g t o obtai n informatio n o n th e specifi c modification s mad e t o thes e vehicles , t o obtai n lnrormatio n th e tes t procedure s an d rnet'->odoloa vu ; on , an- . o n

: o exchang e tes t dat a obtaine d o v 7 ^ v'. ; Q r

> ro i obtaine d b

yExxo n ar e summarise d i n API, " inde xnumbe r IV-E- 6 4 , and i - • s i

- r-suii- a "Meetin g wi ; Cheste r J . Franc e fro mH.F . Shanno n date d 9/14/8 8 an d 9/20/88 , al l i n docke t A-S7-1 1 obtaine d byEP Aar e summarize d i n th e attache d t a a!! U\s
. i nemorsncu m

letter s t o r o f Exxon , "es t result s

Bot hvehicle s wer e tested , a s receive d fro mExxon , v/ith onl ymino r modification s mad e t o them . I n eac hvehicle , th e tan k vapo r lin e and . caniste r purg e line s wer e extende d approximatel y12-15 " t o facilitat e rapi d caniste r disconnec t an d remova l durin g testin g and . t o avoid , a tendenc yo f th e Exxon-supplie d hose s t o crim p whe n placin g th e caniste r int o th e vehicle
. Hose s use d fo r thes e extension s ha d diameter s greate r tha n o r equa l t o th e as-supplie d hosss .P. 3
-2

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Tes t 885431 , ru

n onthe For d vehicle , wa s conducte d afte r replacing th e stoc k fue l tan k vapo r line (used a s th e caniste r purg e line i n th e Exxo nrefueling emission s contro l system design ) wit ha larger , 5/8 " hose . Thi s large r lin e extende d fro mth e downstrea

mpor t o f the purg e contro l solenoi d valv e t o withi n two fee t o f the fue l tank ven t valve . Asmalle r hos e wa s use d ove r th e remaining distanc e t o pas s throughvariou s fram e membe r cutouts . Thi s modificatio nwa s mad e t o determin e i f purg e volume wa s limite d b ypurg e vapo r line size
. On bot hcars , typ e T thermocouple s supplie d wit hth e vehicl e wer e remove d an d replace d wit htyp e J device s o f similar siz e an

d packaging
. I naddition , a n extr a thermocoupl e wa s added t o eac hfue l tan k throughth e sende r dis k t o measur e the 4 0 percen t mid-volume fue l temperature . Al l diurna l test s on th e For d vehicl e wer e ru nusing thi s adde d thermocouple . Unfortunately , thi s added senso r prove d defectiv e o nth e Buick , resultin

g i n abnormall yhighdiurna l emission s during tes t 885503 . Afte r discovering thi s problem , tes t 88550 3 was. ' completed using a n externa l ski ntemperatur e locate d a t approximatel yth e 4 0 percen t mid-volume liqui d level . Th e remainin

g test s o n th e Buic k mad e us e o f a nExxo nthermocoupl e fitting a t th e 1 0 percen t liqui d level . During refueling test s o n th e Ford a t 1 0 gallon s pe r minute , prematur e shutoff s wer e encountere d whic happeare d t o contribut e significantl yt o refueling emissions
. I naddition , ther e wa s evidenc e tha t a liqui d sea l wa s no t full yestablishe d near th e star t o f som e refueling operations
. Spitbac k di d no t occur during th e 5 GPMtes t o n th e Ford , an d bot hproblem s wer e absen t or o f lesse r severit yduring al l Buic k tests . Tes t dat a sho wthe purg e volume availabl e fro mthes e vehicle s i s no t sufficien t t o purg e the refueling caniste r enought o pas s th e refueling test . Asignifican t fractio no f the neede d purg e i s provide d b

yth e stoc k purg e system , however , suggesting tha t onlyrelativel ymino r purg e systemmodification s ar e neede d t o obtai n th e require d purg e volume . Al l test s o n the Ford wer e carrie d ou t wit hth e caniste r installed i n it s norma l positio naccording t o th e Exxo nsystem design
. At variou s point s during the tes t procedure , th e caniste r wa s briefl yremove d fro mth e vehicl e an

d weighed , a s indicated i n th e caniste r weigh t sectio n o f th e attache d table . During caniste r removal , th e vapo r inle t an d purg e outle t port s o n th e caniste r wer e sealed , a s wer e th e tank vapo r an

d caniste r purg e hoses . Becaus e o f th e awkward location o f th e caniste r on th e Buick , remova l o f i t t o obtai n weight s during vehicl e testing wa s no t attempte d whe nth e caniste r wa s installe d in it s design positio na s i ntes t 885503 . During test s 88550 4 an d 890103 , th e caniste r wa s place d insid e th e trun k t o allowcaniste r weight s t o b e taken . In thi s configuration , the caniste r wa s place d upright , tha t is , i n th e same orientatio na s whe ni t wa s installe d i nit sP. 4 -3

- design position , an d nea r the trun

k floo r cutou t tha t normall y provide d acces s t o th e caniste r vapo r an d purg e lin e connections
. Eac hvehicl e wa s drive nfor approximatel y4 0 minute s ove r a non-specifi c rout e covering a t leas t 22-2 4 mile s betwee neac h tes t sequenc e t o provid e som e caniste r purg e befor e th e nex t loa d t o breakthroughprocedure . Thes e drive s di d no t revea l an ydriveabilit yproblems , an d caniste r weigh t change s obtaine d during themca n b e foun d fro mthe caniste r weigh t dat a show n o n th e following page . Exhaus t tes t result s indicat e tha t emission s b yEP Aar e somewha t highe r for th e modifie d For d vehicl e compare d t o tes t dat a fro

mExxon . Fo r th e Buick , som e exhaus t emission s wer e foun d t o b e nearl ytwic e the leve l reporte d b yExxon . Whe n compare d t o bas e vehicl e dat a (stoc k evaporativ e emission s contro l systems ) reporte d b yExxon , EPAdat a o nvehicle s wit h refueling systemar e onl yminimall yhigher , suggesting tha t littl e or n o interactio n exist s betwee nexhaus t emission s an d purg e o f refueling canisters
. Attachmen t
6430 WP. 5


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Vehicle : Tes t Number : Exhaust(g/mi) : HC : CO : NO x Evap(g/test) : Diurnal : Hotsoak : Total : Refueling : Emiss(g/gal ) Disp(gal) : Rate(gal/min ) Shutoffs : Premature : Auto/Man. : Tauru s

88542 8 0.17 7 1.6 0 0.5 9 0.4 6 0.2 8 0.7 4
0.1 3 13. 6 : 10. 0 1 m Tauru s 88652 9 0.18 6 1.6 9 0.5 8 0.6 9 0.3 4 1.0 3
0.4 6 13. 9 10. 0 2 a Tauru s

88543 1 0.17 5 1.6 0 0.6 4 1.2 2 0.2 7 1.4 9
0.3 2 16. 0 5. 0 0 a LeSabr e 88550 3 0.36 2 2.0 0 0.3 6 26. 4 0.4 5 26.8 2
0.0 3 14. 3 10. 0 0 a LeSabr e 88550 4 0.25 7 1.8 0 0.3 7 0.8 3 .4 3 1.2 6
0.1 9 1 4 . 9 5. 0 0 a LeSabr e 89010 3 0.33 3 2.3 3 0.3 6 1.4 7 0.6 0 2.0 7
0.3 3 15. 1 10 . 0 0 a Caniste r Wt s (g) : Star t Afte r Afte r Afte r Afte r Afte r Afte r Afte r LTB : LA-4 : HB : FTP : HS : LA-4 : ref . : 458 8

475 9 472 9 475 0 471 2 471 3 469 5 477 1 9 1 9 2 2 7 0 8 470 4 478 6 474 4 476 9 474 0 474 1 472 3 480 3 0 4 4 3 7 6 0 3 473 2 474 0 472 1 474 1 469 8 469 9 468 3 475 1 8 4 4 2 0 6

. 6 2 4762. 0

*

4951. 8 491 8

505 0 501 1 502 7 499 7 499 8 498 6 514 0 8 3 4 6 6 4 6 9 510 0 517 5 513 5 515 1 511 6 511 7 510 3 517 0 0 2 8 4 6 7

. 7 1 End-of-tes t purg e driv e (miles)** : 28. 4 29. 3 26. 3 31. 0

* * Caniste r weight s no t obtaine d during thi s test . Prio r t o th e star t o f th e secon d an d third tes t sequence s o n eac hvehicle , a

n on-road driv e wa s conducte d t o provid e caniste r purg e befor e th e load-to-breakthroughstep o f th e nex t test . Dat a show nabove ar e th e tota l mile s travelle d during thes e drives
. Th e rout e travelle d wa s no t explicitl yspecified , bu t wa s simila r fo r al l drives , consisting o f mostl yrura l an d highwaytravel .