89–010 

Calendar No. 374 

111TH CONGRESS REPORT " ! SENATE 2d Session 111–185 

SENATOR PAUL SIMON WATER FOR 

THE WORLD ACT OF 2009 

MAY 13, 2010.—Ordered to be printed 

Mr. KERRY, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, 

submitted the following 

R E P O R T 

[To accompany S. 624] 

The Committee on Foreign Relations, having had under consideration the bill (S. 624) to provide 100,000,000 people with first-time 

access to safe drinking water and sanitation on a sustainable basis 

by 2015 by improving the capacity of the United States Government to fully implement the Senator Paul Simon Water for the 

Poor Act of 2005, reports favorably thereon with an amendment in 

the nature of a subsitute and recommends that the bill (as amended) do pass. 

CONTENTS 

Page 

I. Purpose ........................................................................................................... 1 

II. Committee Action .......................................................................................... 1 

III. Discussion ....................................................................................................... 1 

IV. Cost Estimate ................................................................................................. 4 

V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact .................................................................. 8 

VI. Changes in Existing Law .............................................................................. 8 

I. PURPOSE

The purpose of S. 624 is to target underdeveloped countries with 

focused initiatives to improve access to clean water and sanitation. 

II. COMMITTEE ACTION

S. 624 was introduced by Senator Durbin on March 17, 2009. 

Senator Corker and Senator Murray are original cosponsors. On 

April 13, 2010, the committee considered S.624 and ordered it reported favorably with an amendment in the nature of a substitute 

by voice vote. 

III. DISCUSSION

S. 624, the Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2009 

(the ‘‘Act’’), builds on the progress achieved through the 2005 Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act (P.L. 109–121) by seeking 


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to provide 100 million people with first-time access to safe drinking 

water and sanitation on a sustainable basis within six years 

through direct funding, development activities, and partnerships, 

and authorizes such sums as necessary to meet this goal. 

It supports strengthening the human infrastructure at United 

States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the 

State Department to ensure that water remains a development priority. It also fosters global cooperation on research and technology 

development, including regional partnerships among experts on 

clean water. Lastly, it provides technical assistance and capacitybuilding to develop expertise within countries facing water and 

sanitation challenges. 

Over the past four years, the 2005 Water for the Poor Act has 

achieved much success. For example in 2009, the Act helped the 

U.S. provide nearly 2 million people with first-time access to an improved source of drinking water and more than 1.5 million people 

to improved sanitation. However, water will continue to be one of 

the world’s most pressing problems over the next century. 

Nearly one billion people continue to lack access to clean, safe 

water and as many as three billion may face shortages by 2025 due 

in part to the effects of global warming. And two people out of 

every five in the world do not have access to basic sanitation services. Inadequate water and sanitation contributes to nearly ten percent of the world’s disease and more than two million deaths each 

year. Water scarcity has also contributed to political unrest in 

Sudan and other countries. 

The committee recognizes that the Water for the World Act will 

help strengthen global security by defusing tensions that are growing within and among nations as people react to the shortage of 

clean water and other emerging crises. 

The amendment in the nature of a substitute that was reported 

favorably out of the committee provided additional linkages between clean water and global food security efforts. It modified the 

proposed ‘‘Office of Water’’ at USAID to a ‘‘Senior Advisor for 

Water at USAID,’’ to allow the Agency greater flexibility to implement clean water and sanitation programs. Finally, the amendment also modifies Section 10(b)—use of funds—by striking a directive that would cap funding of water resource management activities at 20 percent of amounts appropriated. Instead, the amendment urges that funds appropriated ‘‘shall be primarily allocated’’ 

for activities related to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene. 

The committee recognizes that the purpose and intent of the Act 

should focus on providing safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, but the committee also recognizes that broad benefits can derive from water resource management activities and believes it is 

important to allow country priorities and specific mission expertise 

guide the design of water related programs. 

The committee notes that in past years, efforts by USAID and 

other agencies to implement the Act have not always occurred in 

a comprehensive or integrated fashion. It is important that development efforts related to water are integrated within a broader 

country development framework and reflect needs and priorities 

identified by the country in question. Section 6 includes an important amendment to the 2005 Water for the Poor Act to emphasize 

this point, directing the water coordinator to: 


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[T]ake actions to ensure that the safe water and sanitation 

strategy is integrated into any review or development of a 

Federal strategy for global development, global health, or 

global food security that sets forth or establishes the 

United States mission for global development, guidelines 

for assistance programs, and how development policy will 

be coordinated with policies governing trade, immigration, 

and other relevant international issues. 

Water activities should not take place in isolation or in a vacuum 

but should be integrated in a broader development framework. 

The committee also notes that while the authorization of appropriations is primarily for activities related to safe drinking water, 

sanitation, and hygiene, this should not preclude general resource 

management activities. The committee believes there are many different ways to lead to improved access to safe drinking water, and 

that infrastructure investments and related management activities 

are important components to that equation. Finally, the committee 

observes that in a time of scarce development resources and significant development funds diverted to priorities in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iraq, official U.S. development assistance towards water 

activities, by itself, may not lead to achievement of the Act’s goal. 

However, direct funding is but one means to achieve the safe drinking water goal—the Act specifically notes that development activities and outside partnerships are other means by which 100 million 

people may be provide with safe drinking water within six years 

of enactment. 

The sections below detail several important improvements included in the legislation. 

Developing United States Government Capacity. 

Section 5 amends section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act and 

requires the Administrator of USAID to designate a ‘‘Senior Advisor for Water’’ to coordinate and conduct the activities described in 

Section 5 and the 2005 Water for Poor Act. Duties include developing and overseeing implementation and coordination in high priority countries of country-specific water strategies and expertise. 

This section also requires the Secretary of State to establish within 

the State Department a ‘‘Special Coordinator for International 

Water’’ to report to the Under Secretary for Democracy and Global 

Affairs. This official will be responsible for overseeing and coordinating the diplomatic policy of the United States with respect to 

global freshwater issues and ensure that these issues are represented both within the United States Government and in key 

international fora. The committee looks forward to a more streamlined, integrated, accountable and coordinated approach to addressing the challenges of increasing access to safe drinking water and 

sanitation in high priority countries, in the context of broader resource management activities. 

Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Strategy. 

Section 6 amends Section 6 of the 2005 Water for Poor Act to require that the safe water and sanitation strategy provided for in 

the Act include an assessment of all U.S. government foreign assistance allocated to the drinking water and sanitation sector during the previous 3 fiscal years and across all U.S. government 


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agencies and programs. The committee recognizes the importance 

of achieving the 100 million people goal for enabling first-time access to safe water and sanitation. To this end, this section includes 

recommendations on what the United States would need to do to 

support this goal, and how the U.S. Government can leverage critical outside partnerships in support of this goal. 

Water and Sanitation Institutional Capacity-building Program. 

Section 7 amends the 2005 Water for Poor Act to provide for the 

establishment of a water and sanitation institutional capacitybuilding program in high priority countries. This section mandates 

the creation a program for both the host country institutions and 

officials responsible for water and sanitation in countries that receive assistance to have access to training to provide affordable, equitable and sustainable access to safe drinking water and sanitation, education about the dangers of unsafe drinking water and 

sanitation, and encourage behavior change to reduce individuals’ 

risk of disease due to these conditions. Given the benefit of this 

type of program, this section includes the ability for the Secretary 

of State and Administrator of USAID to expand this program to additional countries beyond those designated as high priority. 

Monitoring and Evaluation. 

Section 9 states a Sense of the Congress regarding the importance for consistent and systematic evaluation of the impacts of foreign assistance and the importance of the design of assistance programs. This section also highlights the significance of high quality 

evaluation and lessons learned within agencies managing foreign 

assistance programs. 

Update Report Regarding Water for Peace and Security. 

Section 10 amends Section 11(b) of the 2005 Water for Poor Act 

to add to the reporting requirement an assessment of current and 

likely future political tensions and the impacts of global climate 

change on water supplies and agricultural productivity. The committee has held several hearings during this Congress on global climate change and supports efforts to incorporate these impacts in 

development assistance. The committee also recognizes that helping other nations address the impacts of climate change is not only 

the humanitarian thing to do; it is in our national interest. 

V. COST ESTIMATE

In accordance with Rule XXVI, paragraph 11(a) of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate, the committee provides this estimate of the 

costs of this legislation prepared by the Congressional Budget Office. 


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UNITED STATES CONGRESS, CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, Washington, DC, May 4, 2010. 

Hon. JOHN F. KERRY, 

Chairman, Committee on Foreign Relations, 

U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. 

DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: The Congressional Budget Office has prepared the enclosed cost estimate for S. 624, the Senator Paul 

Simon Water for the World Act of 2009. 

If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be pleased 

to provide them. The CBO staff contact is John Chin. 

Sincerely, 

DOUGLAS W. ELMENDORF, 

Director. 

CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE COST ESTIMATE

May 4, 2010. 

S. 624 

Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2009 

AS ORDERED REPORTED BY THE SENATE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN

RELATIONS ON APRIL 13, 2010

Summary 

S. 624 would authorize the appropriation of the necessary 

amounts over the next six years to fully implement the Senator 

Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109–121), 

as amended. To that end, the bill would set a new target of enabling first-time access to improved water supply and sanitation for 

100 million people in certain developing countries within six years 

of enactment. In addition, the bill would require the Secretary of 

State and the Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International 

Development (USAID) to designate staff at USAID missions abroad 

and in Washington, D.C., that would develop, implement, and monitor new and expanded programs of water supply, sanitation, and 

technical assistance. 

CBO estimates that implementing S. 624 would cost about $8 billion over the 2011–2015 period, assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts. 

Pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply to this legislation because 

it would not affect direct spending or revenues. 

S. 624 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates 

as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and 

would not affect the budgets of state, local, or tribal governments. 

Estimated Cost to the Federal Government 

The estimated budgetary impact of S. 624 is shown in the following table. The costs of this legislation fall within budget function 150 (international affairs). 


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Changes in Spending Subject to Appropriation Due to S. 624 

By Fiscal Year, in Millions of Dollars 

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2011– 

2015 

Water Supply and Sanitation Assistance 

Estimated Authorization Level ................... 2,500 2,525 2,553 2,585 2,623 12,786 

Estimated Outlays ....... 125 1,164 1,946 2,304 2,421 7,960 

Overseas Personnel 

Estimated Authorization Level ................... 8 8 8 8 8 40 

Estimated Outlays ....... 6 8 8 8 8 38 

Washington, D.C., Personnel 

Estimated Authorization Level ................... 2 2 2 2 2 10 

Estimated Outlays ....... 1 2 2 2 2 9 

Total Changes 

Estimated Authorization Level ............... 2,510 2,535 2,563 2,595 2,633 12,836 

Estimated Outlays .... 132 1,177 1,956 2,314 2,431 8,007 

Basis of Estimate 

For this estimate, CBO assumes that S. 624 will be enacted before the end of fiscal year 2010, that the necessary amounts will 

be appropriated each year over the 2011–2015 period, and that outlays will follow historical spending patterns for existing programs. 

Current Funding for Water-Related Activities 

USAID currently provides assistance for various water-related 

activities in as many as 75 developing countries, of which 31 are 

designated as high-priority countries under section 6(f) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005. Such activities include programs to: provide vulnerable populations with access to 

water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WSSH) facilities; promote 

sound water resources management; and improve the economic productivity of available water. In 2009, USAID obligated about $578 

million for all water-related activities, of which about $466 million 

was obligated for WSSH activities. Preliminary data from USAID 

indicates that those WSSH activities will enable first-time access 

to improved water supply to almost four million people and firsttime access to improved sanitation to almost two million people. 

In recent years, a portion of funding for water-related activities 

related to safe drinking water and sanitation supply projects has 

been earmarked from funds made available to the development assistance account, although funding for that account has not been 

reauthorized in many years. In 2010, the Congress earmarked $315 

million for such projects in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 

2010 (Public Law 111–117) enacted on December 16, 2009. S. 624 

would not authorize any additional funding for such projects in 

2010. 


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Water Supply and Sanitation Assistance 

Section 4 would set a target of enabling first-time access to improved water supply and sanitation, on a sustainable basis, for 100 

million people in high-priority countries over six years. CBO assumes that each year over the 2011–2016 period the Congress 

would appropriate the amounts necessary for USAID to initiate 

WSSH projects that would enable such improved access to onesixth of the target population (about 17 million people). However, 

CBO expects that many of those people would not actually receive 

access to improved water supply and sanitation until after 2016 because it would take time to obligate funds and execute the projects. 

Based on information from the State Department and USAID as 

well as the World Health Organization and other international and 

nongovernmental organizations, we estimate that on average it 

would cost $150 per person in 2011 to provide such access to improved water supply and sanitation. We therefore estimate that 

meeting the target specified in the bill would require the amount 

appropriated for WSSH activities to grow five-fold to $2.5 billion in 

2011. We expect those amounts would increase with inflation in 

subsequent years. On that basis, CBO estimates that meeting 

those targets would cost about $8 billion over the 2011–2015 period, assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts. 

Overseas Personnel 

Section 7 would require the Administrator of USAID to designate 

staff at the USAID mission in each high-priority country to coordinate in-country implementation of USAID’s water-sector assistance 

programs. Most USAID missions in high-priority countries do not 

have any Foreign Service officers working on such activities fulltime, although those missions do employ staff that work on them 

part-time as part of a broader portfolio. Based on information from 

USAID, CBO estimates that the agency would have to hire the 

equivalent of about 25 full-time employees to locally manage the 

expanded water-sector programs in high-priority countries at an 

annual cost per person of about $300,000. On that basis, and adjusting for expected inflation, CBO estimates that implementing 

section 7 would cost $38 million over the 2011-2015 period, assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts. 

Washington, D.C., Personnel 

Section 5 would require the Secretary of State and the Administrator of USAID to designate staff in Washington, D.C., to coordinate global water policy and to develop and oversee water strategies for each high-priority country. The Department of State and 

USAID currently have a total of four Civil Service employees or 

Foreign Service officers working on water-sector activities full-time, 

although those agencies do employ other staff and contractors that 

work on such activities. Based on information from the two agencies, we estimate that the Department of State and USAID would 

have to hire the equivalent of 15 full-time employees to centrally 

manage the expanded water-sector programs at an annual cost per 

person of over $100,000. On that basis, and adjusting for expected 

inflation, CBO estimates that implementing section 5 would cost $9 

million over the 2011-2015 period, assuming appropriation of the 

necessary amounts. 


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Pay-As-You-Go Considerations 

None. 

Intergovernmental And Private-Sector Impact 

S. 624 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates 

as defined in UMRA and would not affect the budgets of state, 

local, or tribal governments. 

Estimate Prepared By 

Federal Costs: John Chin 

Impact on State, Local, and Tribal Governments Burke 

Doherty 

Impact on the Private Sector Marin Randall 

Estimate Approved By 

Theresa Gullo, Deputy Assistant Director for Budget Analysis 

V. EVALUATION OF REGULATORY IMPACT

Pursuant to Rule XXVI, paragraph 11(b) of the Standing Rules 

of the Senate, the committee has determined that there is no regulatory impact as a result of this legislation. 

VI. CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW

In compliance with Rule XXVI, paragraph 12 of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill, as 

reported, are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted 

is enclosed in black brackets, new matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman). 

Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

* * * * * * * 

TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE 

CHAPTER 32.—FOREIGN ASSISTANCE

Subchapter I—International Development 

PART I.—DECLARATION OF POLICY; DEVELOPMENT

ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZATIONS

* * * * * * * 

SEC. 135. ASSISTANCE TO PROVIDE SAFE WATER AND SANITATION 

(a) PURPOSES.— 

* * * * * * * 

(c) ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED.—Assistance provided under subsection (b) shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be used to— 

(1) expand affordable and equitable access to safe water and 

sanitation for underserved populations; 

(2) support the design, construction, maintenance, upkeep, 

repair, and operation of water delivery and sanitation systems; 

(3) improve the safety and reliability of water supplies, including environmental management; and 


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(4) improve the capacity of recipient governments and local 

communities, including capacity-building programs for improved water resource management. 

(5) foster global cooperation on research and technology development, including regional partnerships among water experts to 

address safe drinking water, sanitation, water resource management, and other water-related issues; 

(6) establish regional and cross-border cooperative activities 

between scientists and specialists thatwork to share technologies 

and best practices, mitigate shared water challenges, foster 

international cooperation, and defuse cross-border tensions; 

(7) provide grants through the United States Agency for International Development to foster the development, dissemination, 

and increased and consistent use of low cost and sustainable 

technologies, such as household water treatment, hand washing 

stations, and latrines, for providing safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene that are suitable for use in high priority countries, particularly in places with limited resources and infrastructure; 

(8) in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and 

Prevention, Department of Agriculture, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and other agencies, as appropriate, conduct formative 

and operational research and monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of programs that provide safe drinking water and sanitation; and 

(9) integrate efforts to promote safe drinking 2 water, sanitation and hygiene with existing foreign3 assistance programs, as 

appropriate, including activities focused on food security, HIV/ 

AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, maternal and child health, food 

security, and nutritional support. 

(d) LOCAL CURRENCY.—The President may use payments made in 

local currencies under an agreement made under title I of the Food 

for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to provide assistance under 

this section. 

(e) SENIOR ADVISOR FOR WATER.— (1) IN GENERAL.—To carry out the purposes of subsection (a), 

the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 

Development shall designate a senior advisor to coordinate and 

conduct the activities described in this section and the Senator 

Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109– 

121). The advisor shall report directly to the Administrator and 

be known as the ‘‘Senior Advisor for Water’’. 

(2) DUTIES.—The Advisor shall— 

(A) implement this section and the Senator Paul Simon 

Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121); 

(B) develop and oversee implementation in high priority 

countries of country-specific10 water strategies and expertise, in coordination with appropriate United States Agency 

forInternational Development Mission Directors, to enable 

the goal of providing 100,000,000 additional people with 

sustainable access to safe water and sanitation through direct funding, development activities, and partnerships within 6 years of the date of the enactment of the Senator Paul 

Simon Water for the World Act of 2009; and 


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(C) place primary emphasis on providing safe, affordable, 

and sustainable drinking water,sanitation, and hygiene in 

a manner that— 

(i) is consistent with sound water resource management principles; and 

(ii) utilizes such approaches as direct service provision, capacity building, institutional strengthening, 

regulatory reform, and partnership collaboration; and 

(D) integrate water strategies with country-specific or regional food security strategies. 

(3) CAPACITY.—The Advisor shall be designated appropriate 

staff and may utilize interagency details or partnerships with 

universities, civil society, and the private sector, as needed, to 

strengthen implementation capacity. 

(f) SPECIAL COORDINATOR FOR INTERNATIONAL WATER.— (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—To increase the capacity of the Department of State to address international issues regarding safe 

water, sanitation, integrated river basin management, and 

other international water programs, the Secretary of State shall 

establish a Special Coordinator for International Water (referred to in this subsection as the ‘‘Special Coordinator’’), who 

shall report to the Under Secretary for Democracy and Global 

Affairs. 

(2) DUTIES.—The Special Coordinator shall— 

(A) oversee and coordinate the diplomatic policy of the 

United States Government with respect to global freshwater 

issues, including interagency coordination related to— 

(i) sustainable access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene; 

(ii) integrated river basin and watershed management; 

(iii) global food security; 

(iv) transboundary conflict; 

(v) agricultural and urban productivity of water resources; 

(vi) disaster recovery, response, and rebuilding, 

(vii) pollution mitigation; and 

(viii) adaptation to hydrologic change due to climate 

variability; and 

(B) ensure that international freshwater issues are represented— 

(i) within the United States Government; and 

(ii) in key diplomatic, development, and scientific efforts with other nations and multilateral organizations. 

(3) SUPPORT STAFF.—The Special Coordinator shall be designated appropriate staff to support the duties described in 

paragraph (2). 

Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 

* * * * * * * 

SEC. 6. SAFE WATER AND SANITATION STRATEGY. 

(a) STRATEGY.—The President, acting through the Secretary of 

State, shall develop a strategy to further the United States foreign 


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assistance objective to provide affordable and equitable access to 

safe water and sanitation in developing countries, as described in 

section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added by section 5(a) of this Act. 

(b) CONSULTATION.—The strategy required by subsection (a) shall 

be developed in consultation with the Administrator of the United 

States Agency for International Development, the heads of other 

appropriate Federal departments and agencies, international organizations, international financial institutions, recipient governments, United States and international nongovernmental organizations, indigenous civil society, and other appropriate entities. The 

Coordinator shall take actions to ensure that the safe water and 

sanitation strategy is integrated into any review or development of 

a Federal strategy for global development, global health, or global 

food security that sets forth or establishes the United States mission 

for global development, guidelines for assistance programs, and how 

development policy will be coordinated with policies governing 

trade, immigration, and other relevant international issues. 

(c) IMPLEMENTATION.—The Secretary of State, acting through the 

Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall implement the strategy required by subsection (a). 

The strategy may also be implemented in part by other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate. In developing the program 

activities needed to implement the strategy, the Secretary shall consider the results of the assessment described in subsection (e)(9). 

(d) CONSISTENT WITH SAFE WATER AND SANITATION POLICY.— The strategy required by subsection (a) shall be consistent with 

the policy stated in section 3 of this Act. 

(e) CONTENT.—The strategy required by subsection (a) shall include— 

(1) an assessment of the activities that have been carried 

out, or that are planned to be carried out, by all appropriate 

Federal departments and agencies to improve affordable and 

equitable access to safe water and sanitation in all countries 

that receive assistance from the United States; 

(2) specific and measurable goals, benchmarks, and timetables to achieve the objective described in subsection (a); 

(3) an assessment of the level of funding and other assistance for United States water and sanitation programs needed 

each year to achieve the goals, benchmarks, and timetables described in paragraph (2); 

(4) methods to coordinate and integrate United States water 

and sanitation assistance programs with other United States 

development assistance programs to achieve the objective described in subsection (a); 

(5) methods to better coordinate United States water and 

sanitation assistance programs with programs of other donor 

countries and entities to achieve the objective described in subsection (a); øand¿ 

(6) an assessment of the commitment of governments of 

countries that receive assistance under section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added by section 5(a) of this 

Act, to policies or policy reforms that support affordable and 

equitable access by the people of such countries to safe water 

and sanitationø.¿; 


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(7) an assessment of all United States Government foreign assistance allocated to the drinking 3 water and sanitation sector 

during the 3 previous fiscal years, across all United States Government agencies and programs, including an assessment of the 

extent to which the United States Government’s efforts are 

reaching and supporting the goal of enabling first-time access 

to safe water and sanitation on a sustainable basis for 

100,000,000 people in high priority countries; 

(8) recommendations on what the United States Government 

would need to do to achieve and support the goals referred to 

in paragraph (7), in support of the United Nation’s Millennium 

Development Goal on access to safe drinking water; and 

(9) an assessment of best practices for mobilizing and 

leveraging the financial and technical capacity of business, governments, nongovernmental organizations, and civil society in 

forming public-private partnerships that measurably increase 

access to safe, affordable, drinking water and sanitation. 

* * * * * * * 

SEC. 9. WATER AND SANITATION INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY-BUILDING 

PROGRAM. 

(a) ESTABLISHMENT.— 

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Secretary’’ and the ‘‘Administrator’’, respectively), in consultation with host country institutions, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the 

Department of Agriculture, and other agencies, as appropriate, 

shall establish, in coordination with mission directors in high 

priority countries, a program to build the capacity of host country institutions and officials responsible for water and sanitation in countries that receive assistance under section 135 of the 

Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, including training at appropriate levels, to— 

(A) provide affordable, equitable, and sustainable access 

to safe drinking water and sanitation; 

(B) educate the populations of such countries about the 

dangers of unsafe drinking water and lack of proper sanitation; and 

(C) encourage behavior change to reduce individuals’ risk 

of disease from unsafe drinking water and lack of proper 

sanitation and hygiene. 

(2) EXPANSION.—The Secretary and the Administrator may 

establish the program described in this section in additional 

countries if the receipt of such capacity building would be beneficial for promoting access to safe drinking water and sanitation, with due consideration given to good governance.I22 (3) 

CAPACITY.—The Secretary and the Administrator— 

(A) should designate appropriate staff with relevant expertise to carry out the strategydeveloped under section 6; 

and 

(B) may utilize, as needed, interagency 20 details or partnerships with universities, civilsociety, and the private sector to strengthen implementation capacity. 


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(b) DESIGNATION.—The United States Agency for International 

Development Mission Director for each country receiving a ‘‘high 

priority’’ designation under section 6(f) and for each region containing a country receiving such designation shall report annually 

to Congress on the status of— 

(1) designating safe drinking water and sanitation as a strategic objective; 

(2) integrating the water strategy into a food security strategy; 

(3) assigning an employee of the United States Agency for 

International Development as in country water and sanitation 

manager to coordinate the in-country implementation of this 

Act and section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 

U.S.C. 2152h) with host country officials at various levels of 

government responsible for water and sanitation, the Department of State, and other relevant United States Government 

agencies; and 

(4) coordinating with the Development Credit Authority and 

the Global Development Alliance to further the purposes of this 

Act. 

øSEC. 9.¿ SEC. 10. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING ADDITIONAL 

WATER AND SANITATION PROGRAMS. 

* * * * * * * 

øSEC. 10.¿ SEC. 11. REPORT REGARDING WATER FOR PEACE AND SECURITY. 

(a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Congress that United 

States programs to support and encourage efforts around the world 

to develop river basin, aquifer, and other watershed-wide 

mechanismsfor governance and cooperation are critical components 

of long-term United States national security and should be expanded. 

(b) REPORT.—The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall submit to the Committee on International Relations of 

the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report on efforts that the United States is 

making to support and promote programs that develop river basin, 

aquifer, and other watershed-wide mechanisms for governance and 

cooperation. The report submitted under this subsection shall include an assessment of current and likely future political tensions 

over water sources and multidisciplinary assessment of the expected 

impacts of global climate change on water supplies and agricultural 

productivity in 10, 25, and 50 years. 

* * * * * * * 

øSEC. 11.¿ SEC. 12. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

* * * * * * * 

Æ 


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