Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Ri sk A s sessment DP# 0416654 PC Code 101702
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

### WASHINGTON, 

### D.C. 20460

OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PRE V E NTION



### DRAFT MEMORANDUM DATE: 01129/2014 SUBJECT: Zoxamide: Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food plu s Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessments in Support of a Section 3 

### Registration on Dry Onion Bulbs. PC Code: 10 1702 Decision No

. : 476622 Petition No.: 3F8164 DP Bar code: 0416654 Regi stration No.: 10163-6414 Regulatory Action : Section 3 Registration Case No. : NA Risk Assessment Type: Dietary TXRNo.: NA CAS No.: 156052-68-5 40 

### CFR: §180.567 MRIDNo.:NA
FROM: Meheret N egussie, Chemi st 

## /1 t:h 

## erd

## ~~ Risk Assessment Branch IIT 

### (RAB3) Health Effects Division (7509P)

# ---**-~-** - THROUGH: Thomas Bloem,

## Chemis**~ ~**  . William Cutchin , Chemi st

### 't~ 

### L;.f!_,**f' ~**  Di etary Exposure Science Advisory Council (D ESAC) Health Effects Division (HED ; 7509P) and 

# (!4 Chri s tine Olinger, Branch Chief f' /_

### ~ RAB31HED (7509 P) 

## f-**~** TO: Nancy Tsaur, Chemi st/Risk Assessor RAB3/HED (7509P) and Marcel Howard/Hope Johnson, RM#21 Fungicide Branch 

### Registration Division (7505 P)

PageL of 12Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP# D416654 PC Code 101702


### Executive Summary Chronic aggregate dietary (food and drinking water) exposure and risk assessment was conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model software with the Food Commodity In take Database (DEEM-FCID) Version 3.16. This software uses 2003-2008 food consumption data from the U .S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, What We Eat in America, (NHANES/WWEIA). The analyses were conducted in support of a human health risk assessment for the proposed Section 3 requests on dry bulb onions. This memorandum was reviewed by two peer reviewers of the DESAC , per DESAC SOP 2012.1. Acute and Cancer Dietary Exposure No acute dietary toxicity endpoint could be identified based on the toxicology data currently available for zoxamide; therefore, an acute assessment was not performed. The Cancer Assessment Review Committee (CARC) classified zoxamide as "not likely to be carcinogenic to humans;" therefore, a cancer assessment was not performed. Chronic Dietary Exposure Results and Characterization Chronic (food and drinking water) dietary assessment was conducted assuming tolerance level residues for all crops and 100% crops are treated (CT). DEEM version 7.81 default processing factors were assumed except for where tolerances were established for processed commodities. The estimated drinking water concentration (EDWC) was incorporated directly into the dietary assessment. The results ofthe chronic dietary (food and drinking water) analysis indicate tha t exposure and ri s k does not exceed HED 's level of concern for the U.S. population and all population subgroups. The dietary exposure for food and water is estimated at 1.5% of the chronic Population Adjusted Dose (cPAD) for the general U.S. population and 4.8%, ofthe cPAD for children 1-2 yrs, the most highly exposed popula tion subgroup. 

### I. Introduction Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity for any given pesticide. For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose (i.e., the dose which HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health effects). This dose is referred to as the population-adjusted dose (PAD). The PAD is equivalent to point ofdeparture (POD, NOAEL, LOAEL , e.g.) divided by the required uncertainty or safety factors. For non-cancer chronic exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary risk exceeds 100% of the cPAD. References which discuss chronic risk assessments in more detail are available on the EPA/pesticides web site: "Ava ilable Information on Assessing Exposure from Pesticides, A User's Guide," 21-JUN-2000, web link:
Page 2 of 12Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP# 0416654 PC Code 101702


### http:/ /www

.epa .gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day -1 2/606l .pdf or see SOP 99.6 (20-AUG-1999). The mo st recent HED dietary risk assessment for zoxarnide was conducted by A. 

### Acierto (DP# D2741 97, 04/09/200 1) II. 

### Residue Information Zoxamide is a broad-spectrum protectant fungicide registered for use on potatoes, grap es, tomatoes, and cucurbit vegetables. Tolerances for residues ofzoxamide have been establi s hed under 40 CFR §180.567(a)(1 ) on grapes at 3.0 ppm, grape raisins at 15.0 ppm, tomatoes at 2.0 ppm, and cucur bit vegetables at 1.0 ppm. Tolerances are established under 40 CFR § 180.567(a)(2) for the combined residues ofzoxarnide and its metabolites on potatoes at 0.06 ppm, potato flakes and chips at 0.30 ppm, and potato wet peel at 0. 10 ppm. The residue of concern for tolerance setting and risk assessment is zoxamide for grapes, grape processed commodities, tomatoes, and cucumbers. The residues of concern for tolerance setting and risk assessment are zoxamide and its metabolites (RH-1452 and RH-1455) in/on potatoes and processed potatoes. The re sidues ofconcern for tolerance setting and risk assessment for the bulb onions are the same as the potatoes. Refer to (DP# D416653, M. Negussie, 01 /23 /20 14) for names and str uctures. The USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) monitored pesticide resi due s in catfis h in 2008 ,2009, and 2010. In general, pesticide residues would not be expected to be found in fish unless the pesticide bioaccumulates or has an aquatic use. To determine whether or not residues are present in fish, HED now routinely checks PDP monitoring data regardless ofthe pesticide's uses and physicochemical properties. However, PDP did not analyze catfish samples for zoxamide. As a result, residues in fish were not included in the assessment. For the proposed new use on dry 

### bulb onions, to lerance level (0. 7 ppm) is recommended (DP# D416653 , M. Neguss ie, 01123/2014). Residue Data used for Chronic Assessments: HED assumed to l erance level residues and 100%CT for al l crops. DEEM version 7.81 default processing factors were assumed except fo r where tolerances were establishe d for proce ssed commodities. Separate tolerances were set for grape raisin and potato granules/flakes; therefore, the processing factor for these commodities was set at 1. The EDWC estimated at 65.8 J.lg/L using the PRZM-GW (Pesticide Root Zone ModelGround Water) was incorporated directly into the dietary assessment.

Page 3 of 12Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk A s sessment DP# D416654 PC Code 101702


### III. P ercent C r op Treated Information 1

00% CT was assumed for all crops. 

### IV. Drinking Water Data The drinking water residues used in the dietary risk assessment were provided by E FED (DP# 417061, F. Khan, 01 / 17/2014) and incorporated directly into this dietary assessment. Water residues were incorporated in the DEEM-FCID into the food categories ''water, direct, all sources" and "water, indirect, all sources." The EDWC for ground water using PRZM /GW was estimated to be 65.8 J..tg/L. For surface water, coupled models PRZM/EXAMS (Exposure Analysis Modeling System) were used to estimate drinking water concentrations. For ground water, the SCIGROW (Screening Concentration in Ground Water) and PRZM-GW models were used to predict the maximum acute and chronic concentrations. The model and its description are available at the EPA internet site: http://www.epa.govI oppefed 1 /models/water/ Since this is the first time PRZM-GW modeling was performed for zoxamide, the highest application rate for all currently registered zoxamide uses, [1.6 lbs a.i/A for use on grape and potato based on the Gavel® 80WP label (EPA Reg. No.l0163-6413)] was used to determine drinking water exposure in groundwater. For surface water, the total toxic residues (TTR) EDWCs for onions, garlic and shallots did not exceed the recommended peak (acute) concentration of81.30 J..tgfL, annual mean (non-cancer chronic) concentration of 54.48 J..tg/L, and the 30 year annual average concentration (cancer chronic) of22.84 J..tg/L for use on grape reported in the previous drinking wa ter assessment (DP# 266174 + , M. Rust, 12/06/2000). The previously recommended EDWCs were based on 0.89 PCA (Percent Cropped Area) factor and were revised using the current PCA of 0.91 for agricultural uses according to recently implemented revised guidance for PCA. The estimated PZRM-GW ground water acute concentration of 83.5 J..tg/L and chronic concentration of 65.8 J..tg/L for TTR are higher than the previously recommended groundwater concentration of2.07 J..tg/L for both acute and chronic values for grape and potato (DP# 266174+, M. Rust, 12/06/2000). Therefore, the current EDWCs supersede the previously recommended EDWCs for groundwater for the total toxic residue of zoxamide. The surface and ground water EDWCs for the TTRs are presented in Table 1.

Page 4 of 12Zoxami d e Dietary Exposure and Ri sk Assessment DP # 0 41665 4 PC Code 10 1702

Ta ble 1. EDWCs Based on Total Toxic Residues of Zoxamide. Average Annual Drinking Water Crop Scenario Peak Exposure Annual Mean Exposure (J.Lg/L) Source (Jlg/L) Expos ure (llg!L) Recommended EDWCs of Total Toxic Residue (Parent +RH-1 50721, RH

-24549, RH-141288 , RH-129151 and RH-139432) Surface water NY Grape STD Sce nario 1 83.3 54 .48 22 .84 Maximum EDWC s of Total Toxic Residue (Parent +RH-15 0721 , RH

-24549 , RH-141288 , RH

- 129151 and RH-139432) on onions (Dry Bulb), Garlic and Shallots Us es . Surface wat e r GAOnion S TD 10.09 1.20 0. 81 Scenario 1 Ground water WI corn Scenarioz 83 .5 NA 65.8 Generi c ScenarioJ 4 .52E- OI 4.52E-O l 4.52£-01 PCA of0. 91 adjusted EDWCs generated using PRZMIEXAMS model for aerial applicati on 2 Hi ghest E DWCs generated u sing PRZM-GW model based on 1.60 lbs a. i/ A for grape and p otato [Gavel 80 WP (EPA Reg

. No

. l0163-6413 )) 3 EDWCs generated usin g SCIGROW model and repre sent both acute and chronic 

### V. DEEM

-FCID Program and Consumption Information Zoxamide chronic dietary exposure as sess ment was conduct ed using the DEEM

-FCID, Version 3. 16, which incorporates 2003-2008 consumption data from U SDA ' s NHANES/WWEIA. The data are based on the reported consumption of more than 20 , 000 individuals over two non-consecutive survey days. Foods " as consumed" (e .g. , apple pie) are linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g., apples, peeled fruitcooked; fresh or N/S ; baked ; or wheat flour

- cooked; fresh or N/S, baked) using publicly available recipe translation files developed join tly by USDA/ARS and EPA. For chronic expo sure ass essment, consumption data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within popula tion subgroups. However, for acute exposure assessment, consumption data are retained as individual consumption events
. Based on analysis of the 2003-2008 WWEIA consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns and survey respond ents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report risk for the following population s ubgroup s : the general U.S. population , all infants (<1 year old) , children 1-2, children 3 -5 , children 6-12 , youth 13 -19 , adults 20-49 , females 13-49 , and adults 50-99 years old

. For chronic dietary exposure assessment, an estimate of the residue level in each food or food-form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the food commodity residue li st is multiplied by the average daily consumption estimate for that food/foo d form to pro duce a residue intak e estimate. The resulting residue intake estimate for each food/food form is summed with the re s idue intak e estimates for all other food/food forms on the commo dity residue list to arrive at the total average estimated exposure. Exposure is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and as a percent of the cPAD. Thi s proced ure is performed for each population subgroup .

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### VI

. Toxicological Information No acute hazard, attributable to a single dose, was identified; therefore, an acute dietary endpoint was not selected for quantitative risk assessment. The toxicity endpoints pertinent for human health dietary risk assessment are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2. Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Zoxamide for Use in Dietary Human Health Risk Assessments. Uncertainty/ RID, PAD, Level of Exposure/ Point of FQPA Concern for Study and Toxicological Effects Scenario Departure Safety Risk Factors Assessment Acute Dietary (General Population, No effect attributed to a single dose was identified in the toxicology database. including Infants (HIARC, 12 /16/99) and Children and Females 13-49 years of age)

UFA = lOx c RID = 0.48 Body weight changes, increases NOAEL= in li ver and thyroid weights, and Chronic Dietary 48 UFH=lOx mglkglday increases in alkaline phosphatase. (All Populations) mglkglday FQPASF= cPAD = 0.48 lx mglkglday Chronic t oxicity in dog (MRJD no. 44731817) Cancer (oral, Classification: ''Not likely to b e Carcinogenic to Humans" based on weight of evidence of data: No treatment

-related increase in tumors incidence was dermal, demonstrated in rat and mouse carcinogenicity studies. No mutagenic concern was inhalation) reported in the mutagenicity studies. Pomt of Departur e (POD) = A data pomt or an estimated pomt that 1s denved from observed dose-response data and used to mark the beginning of extrapolation to determine risk associa ted with lower environmentally relevant human exposures . NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level. LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level. UF = uncertainty factor. UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (interspecies). UFH = potential varia tion in sensitivity among members of the human population (intraspecies). FQPA SF = FQPA Safety Factor. PAD= population adjusted dose (c =chronic). RID= reference dose. LOC = level of concern. HED=human equivalent dose. HEC =human equivalent concentrat ion

. 

### VII

. Results/Discussion As stated above, for chronic assessments, HED is concerned when dietary risk exceeds 100% of the PAD. The DEEM

-FC ID analyses estimate the dietary exposure ofthe U

. S

. population and various population s ubgroups. The results reported in Table 5 are for the general U.S. Population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 

### 3

- 5, children 6- 12 , youth 13-19, females 13

-49, adults 20-49, and adults 50+ years.
Page 6 of12Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP # 0416654 PC Code 101702


### Results of Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Analysis The results of the aggregate chronic dietary analysis for food and drinking water are below the Agency's level of concern (<100% cPAD) for the general U.S. population (1.5% cP AD) and all popu lation subgroups. The most highly exposed population s ubgroup is children 1-2 yrs at 4.8% ofthe cPAD with exposure value of0.023241 mg/kg/day. The results ofthe chronic dietary analyses (foo d plus drinking water) are reported in Table 3 below.

Table 3. Resu lt of Chronic Dietary Exposure and Risk Estimates for Zoxamide. Population Subgroup cPAD, Chronic Estimates (Food and Drinking Water) mg/kg/day Exposure, mg/kg/day Risk,% cPAD U.S. Population O.ol 0.007368 1.5 All infants 0.010837 2.3 Children 1-2 yrs 0.023241 4.8 Children 3 -5 yrs 0.018422 3.8 Children 6-12 yrs 0 .009842 2. 1 Youth 13 -1 9 yrs 0.005483 1.1 Adults 20-49 yrs 0.006082 l.3 Adults 50+ yrs 0.005863 1.2 Females 13-49 yrs 0.005954 1.2 The populatiOn subgroup w1th the highest est1mated exposure/nsk 1s bolded. 

### Vlll. Characterization of Inputs/Outputs The dietary exposure and risk estimates are unrefined since they assume tolerance level residues, 100 %CT, and include mainly default processing factors except for grape raisin and dry potatoes where tolerance was established. Additional refmements may be implemented such as the incorporation of%CT data and inclusion of additional empirical processing factors. HED concludes that the chronic dietary exposure and ri sk estimates are not underestimated. 

### IX. Conclusions An 

### unrefmed dietary (food and drinking water) expos ure and ri sk assessment was performed for zoxamide. The assumptions of this assessment were tolerance level residues, 100% CT, and default DEEM 7.81 processing factors. EDWCs from EFED were also included. The chronic dietary (food and drinking water) exposure estimates are below BED 's level of concern (<100% cPAD) for the general U.S. population and all population subgroups. Zoxamide dietary (food and drinking water) ri sk is 1.5% ofthe cPAD for the U.S. population and 4.8% ofthe cPAD for 'children 1-2 yrs o ld ', the most highly exposed population subgroup.

Page 7 of 12Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP # D416654 PC Code 101702


### X. List of Attachments 1. Attachment 1. Chronic Food Plus Water Residue Input file 2. Attachment 2. Chronic Results files: Food Plus Water 3. Attachment 3. Chronic Results files: Food Alone

Page 8 of 12Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP# 0416654 PC Code 101702


### Attachment 1. C hronic Fo od Plus W ater In put F ile Filename : C:\Ooc u men ts and Settings\MNEGUSSI\My Oocuments\OEEM Version 3.16\Zoxam ide\OinionBu l bs\Chronic Food W

ate r2013.R0 8 Chemical : Z oxamide

- RfO(Chron i c): .48 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Chronic) : 4S mg/kg bw/day RfD(Acute): 0 mg(kg bw/day NOEL(Acute): 0 mg/kg bw/day Date created/last modified: 01-30-2014/12:32:00 Program ver. 3.16, 03-08 -d Comment: Dry onion bu lb s EPA Code Crop Grp Commodity Name 010116Sooo lAB Ginseng, dried 0103296000 1C Potato, chips Fu ll comment: OP# D 237S92 0103297000 1 C Potato, dry (gran ul es/ flakes) 0103297001 1 C Potato, dry (g ranules/ flakes) -b 0103298000 1C Potato, flour 0103298001 1C Potato, flour

- babyfood 0103299000 1C Potato, tuber, w /peel 0103299001 1C Potato, tuber, w/peel-babyfood 0103300000 1C Potato, tuber, w/o peel 0103300001 1C Potato, tuber, w /o peel-babyfood 0301 16500 0 3A Garlic, bulb Full comment: OP# 04 1 6653 Garlic, bulb-babyfood Onion, bulb Onion, bulb

- ba b y f ood Onion, bulb, drie d 0301165001 3A 0301237000 3A 0301237001 3A 0301238000 3A 030123S001 3A 030133SOOO 3A OS01375000 SA Onion, bulb, d rie d- babyfood Shallot, bulb Tomato Full comment: DP# D2661Sl OS01375001 SA Tomato-babyfood OS01 376000 SA Tomato, paste OS01376001 SA Tomato, paste

- babyfood OS01377000 SA Tomato, puree OS01377001 SA Tomato, puree-babyfood OS0137SOOO SA Tomato, dried OS0137S001 SA Tomato, dried-babyfood OS01379000 SA Tomato, juice 0901075000 9A Cantaloupe 0901187000 9A Honeydew melon 0901399000 9A Waterme lon 0901400000 9A Watermelon, juice 09020 21000 9B Balsam pear Full comment: OP# D266 1S1 09020SSOOO 9B Chayote, fruit 0902102000 9B Chinese waxgourd 0902135000 9B cucumber Full comment : OP# 02661S1 090230SOOO 9B Pumpkin 0902309000 9B Pumpkin, seed 0902356000 9B Squash, summer 0902356001 9B Squash, summer - b abyfood 0902357000 9B Squash, winter 0902357001 9B Squash, winter-babyfood 1304 175000 130 Grape Ful l comment: DP# D237S92 1304176000 130 Grape, juice 1304176001 130 Grape, juice-babyfood 1304179000 130 Grape, wine and sherry S601000000 86A Water, direct, all sources Full comment: DP# 266174

Page 9 of 12 Def Res (ppm ) 0.060000 0.300000 0

. 300000 0

. 300000 0

. 300000 0

. 300000 0.060000 0.060000 0 .06 0000 0 .0600 00 0

. 700000 0

. 700000 0

. 700000 0

. 700000 0.700000 0.700000 0.700000 2.000000 2.000 000 Adj.Factors #1 #2 1.000 1.000 Comment

1.000 1.000 DP# 02 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 l. 000 1. 000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 DP# 04 1.000 1.000 l. 000 1. 000 l. 000 1. 000 9.000 1.000 9.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1

. 000 1.000 DP# 02 1. 000 1. 000 2.000000 5.400 1.000 2.000000 5.400 1.000 2.00000 0 3.300 1.000 2

. 000000 3.300 1.000 2.000000 14.300 1.000 2.000000 14.300 1.000 2

. 000000 1.500 1 .000 1 .000000 1.000 1 .000 1 .000000 1.000 1 .000 1.000000 1.000 1.000 1.0 00 000 1.000 1.000 1.000000 1.000 1.000 OP# 02 1

. 000000 1.000 1.000 1

. 000000 1.000 1.000 1.000000 1.000 1.000 DP# 02 1.00 0000 1.000 1.000 1.000000 1.000 1 .000 1 .000000 1.000 1 .000 1.000000 1.000 1.000 1.000000 1.000 1.000 1.000000 1.000 1.000 3.000000 1.000 1.000 OP# 02 3.000000 1.200 1.000 3. 000000 1.200 1.000 3.000000 1.000 1.000 0.065SOO 1.000 1.000 DP# 26Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment PC Code 101702

8602000000 868 Water, i ndir ect , al l sources 9500177000 0 Grape, l eaves 9500178000 0 Grape , raisin

Page 10 of 12 0

. 065800 3.000000 1 5.000000 DP # 0416654

1. 000 1.00 0 1. 000 1.000 1.000 1.000Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment PC Code 1 0 1702


### Attachment 2. C hronic F ood Plus Water Output File
U.S. EPA DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for ZOXAMIDE Residue file name: C:\Documents and Settings\MNEGUSSI\My 3.16\Zoxamide\OinionBulbs\Chronic_FoodWater2013.R08 DP# 0416654

Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d NHANES 2003-2008 2-day Documents\DEEM Version Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. Ana ly sis Date 01-30-2014/12:37 :2 5 Reference dose ( RfD, Chronic) = .48 COMMENT 1: Dry onion bulbs Residue file dated : 01-30-2014/12:32:00 mg/kg bw/day

Total exposure by population subgroup

Population

Subgroup Total us Population Hispanic Non

- Hisp-White Non

- Hisp-Black Non

- Hisp-Other Nursing Infants Non-Nursing Infants Female 13+ PREG Children 1

- 6 Children 7-12 Ma le 13-19 Female 13-19/NP Male 20+ Female 20+/NP Seniors 55+ All Infants Female 13-50 Children 1-2 Children 3-5 Children 6-12 Youth 13-19 Adults 20-49 Adults 50-99 Female 13-49 Tota l Exposure mg/kg Percent of body wt/day Rfd



## ------- ------ 

## ---------------- 0.007368 1.5\ 0.007665 1.6% 0.007459 1.6% 0.006575 1.4% 0.007265 1. 5\ 0.004593 1.0\ 0.013625 2.8\ 0.006386 1.3\ 0.019551 4.1\ 0.008956 1. 9\ 0.005657 1. 2\ 0.005310 1.1\ 0.005898 1.2\ 0.006060 1. 3\ 0.005894 1.2\ 0.010837 2.3\ 0.005934 1.2\ 0. 023241 4 .8\ 0.018422 3.8\ 0.009842 2.1\ 0.005483 1.1% 0.006082 1.3% 0.005863 1.2% 0.005954 1.2%

Page II of 1 2Zoxamide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment PC Code 101702


### Attachment 3. Chronic Food Alone Output File
U.S

. EPA DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for ZOXAMIDE Residue f ile name: C:\Documents and Settings\MNEGUSSI\My 3. 16\Zoxamide\OinionBulbs\C hronic_FoodAlone2013 .R08 DP# D416654

Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d NHANES 2003

- 2008 2-day Documents\DEEM Version Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. Analysis Dat e 01-30-2014/12:35:56 Refe rence dose (RfD, Chronic) 

### = .48 COMMENT 1 : Dry onion bulbs Residue file dated: 01-30-201 4 /12:33:07 mg/kg bw/day

Total exposure by population subgroup

Population

Subgroup Total US Population Hispanic Non-Hisp-White Non-Hisp-Black Non

- Hisp

- Other Nursing Infants Non-Nursing In fants Female 1 3+ PREG Children 1-6 Children 7- 1 2 Male 13

- 19 Female 13- 1 9/NP Male 20 + Fema l e 20+/NP Seniors 55+ All Infants Female 13

- 50 Children 1-2 Children 3

- 5 Children 6-12 Youth 13-19 Adu l ts 20

- 49 Adu l ts 50

- 99 Fema l e 13

- 49 Tota l Ex posure mg/kg body wt/day 0.005991 0.006349 0.006042 0.005438 0. 005677 0.003346 0.009043 0.005089 0

. 017787 0

. 007807 0.004710 0.004249 0.004614 0.00 4 613 0.00 4 562 0

. 007284 0

. 004563 0.021254 0

. 0 1 67 4 8 0.008634 0

. 004478 0

. 004708 0.004505 0

. 004584

Page 12 of 12 Percent of Rfd 1. 2% 1

. 3% 1.3% 1. 1% 1 .2 % 0. 7% 1.9% 1. 1% 3.7% 1.6% 1 .0 % 0.9% 1

. 0% 1. 0% 1.0% 1. 5% 1. 0% 4.4% 3.5% 1..8% 0.9% 1.0% 0.9% 1.0%