Forest Resources of the 

United States, 1997

Forest Resources of the 

United States, 1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE

W. BRAD SMITH, JOHN S. VISSAGE, DAVID R. DARR, AND RAYMOND M. SHEFFIELD
The Authors:

W. Brad Smith is a Research Forester with the Science,

Policy, Information, and Inventory Staff, Washington Office,

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington,

DC.

John L. Vissage is a Research Forester with the Forest

Inventory and Analysis Unit, North Central Research Station,

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, St. Paul,

MN.

David R. Darr is a Research Forester with the Resource

Valuation and Use Staff. Washington Office, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC.

Raymond Sheffield is a Research Forester with the Resource Analysis Unit, Southern Research Station, U.S.

Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Asheville, NC.

Published by:

North Central Research Station

Forest Service—U.S. Department of Agriculture

1992 Folwell Avenue

St. Paul, MN 55108

2001

Web site: www.ncrs.fed.us
Forest Resources of the United States, 1997

W. Brad Smith, John S. Vissage, David R. Darr, and Raymond M. Sheffield
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Development of this report has been very much a team effort and we recognize here a long list of people who made significant contributions.

We greatly appreciate the help of the staffs of the Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Units at the Forest Service

Research Stations and the Forest Management staffs in the regional offices of the National Forest System who compiled the

basic resource data for entry into the 1997 RPA National Inventory Database. The following people made significant contributions and were responsible for coordinating and submiting resource data: Carol Alerich, Gary Boyack, Gary Carroll, Dave

Ellen, Jorge Negron, Bruce Hiserote, Tom Frieswyk, Joe Glover, Jeff Hogg, Charles Keegan, George Lightner, Dennis May,

Mel Mehl, Doug Meyers, Pat Miles, Roy Mita, Bert Mead, Karl Stoneking, John Tepley, Ralph Warbington, Eric Wharton,

Sue Willits, Ann Withers, and Sharon Woudenberg.

The work of several Forest Inventory and Analysis employees was also significant in the development of the 1997 RPA

National Timber Output Database: Dennis May, Brian Johnston, Tony Johnson, George Keith, Art Walmsley, Andy Hartsell,

Ted Ridley, Dawn Reynolds, and Anne Jenkins.

We acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of the following people in reviewing the resource data and associated text: Al

Abee, Jim Allegria, Larry Biles, Richard Birdsey, Fred Cubbage, Mark Delfs, Mike Higgs, Peter Ince, Ralph Johnson, Doug

MacCleery, Will McWilliams, Robin O’Malley, Bert Mead, Doug Powell, Kurt Riitters, Jim Rossen, Con Schallau, Tom

Schmidt, John Sebelius, Lisa Stocker, Bill van Hees, and Sharon Woudenberg.

For the update of the RPA forest type group map, Zhuliang Zhu of the U.S. Geological Survey made significant contributions

to project design, satellite data processing, and GIS support. Special thanks also go to John Hutchinson, Jack Whittman, and

Loraine Utz of the U.S. Geological Survey, who were responsible for the cartographic layout, editing, and production of the

final map. Several people in the Forest Service also assisted with reference data or provided technical comments: Rachel

Riemann, Chuck Bolsinger, Karen Waddell, Pat Miles, Beth Collins, Tom Bobbe, and Raymond Czaplewski.
CONTENTS

Page

Highlights .................................................................................................................................................1

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................4

Changes in the Forest Resource since 1900 ...........................................................................................5

Forest Land Area......................................................................................................................................7

Historical Trends .........................................................................................................................8

Current Status and Recent Changes ..........................................................................................8

Reserved and Protected Forest Land Area.................................................................................9

Unreserved Forest Land Area ...................................................................................................10

Forest Types and Eco-climatic Zones ....................................................................................................12

Eastern Forests .........................................................................................................................12

North ............................................................................................................................12

South ............................................................................................................................14

Western Forests ........................................................................................................................15

Rocky Mountain Region ...............................................................................................15

Pacific Coast Region (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) ...................................................17

Alaska ..........................................................................................................................18

Hawaii ..........................................................................................................................19

Forest Changes.........................................................................................................................19

Reserved Status of Forest Types ..............................................................................................20

Forest Land Area by Rural-Urban Continuum Class ..............................................................................21

Area of Plantations and Natural Forests ................................................................................................22

Timberland Area and Ownership............................................................................................................24

Trends in Timberland Area ........................................................................................................24

Timberland Ownerships ............................................................................................................24

National Forest .............................................................................................................24

Other Public .................................................................................................................25

Forest Industry .............................................................................................................25

Nonindustrial Private ....................................................................................................26

Stand Size-Class Distribution.................................................................................................................27

Timber Volume .......................................................................................................................................28

Ownership .................................................................................................................................28

Species .....................................................................................................................................31

Diameter Distribution.................................................................................................................32

Elements of Change in Timber Volume ..................................................................................................34

Mortality.....................................................................................................................................34

Net Growth ................................................................................................................................35

Removals of Timber Volume .....................................................................................................36

Timber Growth—Removal Balances ......................................................................................................38

Timber Products Output .........................................................................................................................39

Products From Growing Stock and Other Sources ...................................................................39

Logging Residues .....................................................................................................................40

Other Removals ........................................................................................................................40

References .............................................................................................................................................41

Glossary .................................................................................................................................................43

Appendix A: Procedures for the Update .................................................................................................49

Appendix B: Metric Equivalents for Various Units of Measure ...............................................................55

Appendix C: Common and Scientific Names of Major Tree Species .....................................................56

List of Tables ..........................................................................................................................................57

Tables .....................................................................................................................................................60
Highlights

Timber Inventories

• Growing-stock volume on U.S. timberland increased by 6.9 percent between 1987 and 1997.

Since 1953, net volume per acre has increased by 37

percent. Average volume per acre rose by 100

percent between 1953 and 1997 in the North, 76

percent in the South, 27 percent in the Rocky

Mountain region, and 2 percent in the Pacific Coast

region.

• About 58 percent of the volume of growing stock is

softwoods, and the remaining 42 percent is in

hardwoods. However, 90 percent of the hardwood

growing stock is in the Eastern United States. About

68 percent of the softwood growing stock is in the

Western United States, 22 percent is in the South,

and 10 percent is in the North.

• The net growing-stock volume of U.S. hardwoods

increased by 12 percent between 1987 and 1997,

and by 91 percent between 1953 and 1997.

• The volume of hardwood growing-stock volume in

diameter classes 19 inches and greater increased

from 25.8 billion cubic feet in 1953 to 57.3 billion

cubic feet in 1997.

• The net volume of U.S. softwood growing-stock

inventory increased by 12 percent between 1953

and 1997.

• For the first time since 1953, when a national,

statistically based inventory first became available,

declines were observed for softwood growing-stock

Forest Land Area

• Forest land area increased by 1 percent between

1987 and 1997. Since 1920, forest land area has

been relatively stable, increasing and decreasing

over the years within a relatively narrow range.

• About 33 percent of the U.S. land area, or 747

million acres, is forest land. This amounts to about

71 percent of the area that was forested in 1630

(1.05 billion acres).

• More than three-quarters of the conversion of

forests to other uses occurred in the 19th century.

By 1920, the net clearing of forests for agriculture

had largely subsided.

• Thirty-three percent of all forest land is federally

owned. This proportion of Federal to other forest

land has remained relatively stable for at least the

last 50 years.

• About 52 million acres of forest land (about 7

percent of all U.S. forest land) is reserved from

commercial timber harvest in wilderness, parks, and

other legally reserved classifications. Tens of

millions of acres of additional publicly owned forest

land is administratively withdrawn from timber

harvest under existing management plans.

Timberland Area

• About 504 million acres of forest land (67 percent

of all forest land) is classed as timberland—forest

land capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet

per acre per year and not legally withdrawn from

timber utilization; 94 percent of forests in the East

are classed as timberland, 80 percent of the Pacific

Northwest subregion, about 50 percent of the Rocky

Mountain region, and 10 percent of Alaska.

• About 54 million acres (11 percent of timberland in

the United States) are of planted origin. Two-thirds

(36 million acres) of all planted timberland is in the

South.

Interior Highlands mixed hardwoods stand, Arkansas.

Photo: Melissa Carlson.
amounted to

1.9 percent of

total growing-stock

inventory.

• In 1996,

about 63

percent of the

volume of

timber

removals was

softwoods

and 37

percent was

hardwoods,

compared

with 69 and

31 percent,

respectively,

in 1986. This

reflects a trend toward rising hardwood removals in

response to new product technologies using

hardwoods as well as increases in traditional

markets for hardwoods.

• The South accounted for 64 percent of growingstock removals in 1996, up from 51 percent in 1986

and 47 percent in 1977.

• The predominant use of wood continues to be for

lumber. Saw logs accounted for 43 percent of wood

volume harvested in 1996, veneer logs—8 percent,

and pulpwood—31 percent. The remaining 18

percent was used for fuelwood and other products.

• On a tonnage basis, wood products constitute about

45 percent of U.S. consumption of all materials,

including plastics, concrete, steel, copper, aluminum, and other metals.

Ownership and Removals

• Seventy-one percent of timberland is privately

owned and these lands accounted for 89 percent of

growing-stock removals in 1996. This is a substantial increase from 1987 when private lands provided

80 percent of growing-stock removals.

inventory on nonindustrial private lands and

hardwood inventory on forest industry lands in the

South. This may be in part due to declines in

industry land in the South.

• For the South as a whole, the volume of standing

softwood growing-stock inventory declined by 0.7

percent between 1987 and 1997—the first such

decline since at least 1953.

Mortality

• Annual growing-stock mortality amounted to 0.6

percent of growing-stock inventory in 1986 and 0.8

percent in 1996 compared with 0.6 percent in 1952.

• Annual growing-stock mortality as a percent of

growing-stock inventory increased between 1986

and 1996 for each ownership class and region.

• For both softwoods and hardwoods, and for each

owner group, the mortality rate ranged between

0.64 and 0.89 percent in 1996.

Growth and Removals

• Net annual growing-stock growth exceeded

removals by 54 percent in 1976, 41 percent in 1986,

and 47 percent in 1996.

• In 1996, net annual growth exceeded removals in all

regions of the country: by 95 percent in the North, 5

percent in the South, 357 percent in the Rocky

Mountains, and 97 percent in the Pacific Coast

region. For the United States, hardwood growth

exceeded removals by 70 percent, and for softwoods, by 33 percent.

• In the South, softwood removals exceeded net

annual growing-stock growth by 10 percent in 1996.

Removals

• In 1996, growing-stock removals were 16 billion

cubic feet, 0.4 percent higher than in 1986 and 35

percent higher than in 1953. Removals in 1996

2

Timber harvest operation.

Photo: USDA-Forest Service.
• Nonindustrial private ownerships made up 58

percent (291 million acres) of U.S. timberland and

accounted for 59 percent of the volume of growingstock removals in 1996. About 72 percent of the

hardwood resource is on nonindustrial private

ownerships, which account for 73 percent of the

volume of hardwood removals. Timber removals on

nonindustrial private forest lands increased by about

17 percent between 1986 and 1996, partly in

response to reduced harvest on public lands.

• Industrial forests accounted for 13 percent of U.S.

timberland (67 million acres) and 30 percent of the

volume harvested in 1996. Although forest industry

ownerships contain only 14 percent of the volume

of softwood timber, in 1996 they accounted for 36

percent of the volume of softwood removals from

growing-stock. Timber removals on industrial

forests declined by 6 percent between 1986 and

1996, after steady increases in each decade since

1952.

• Public forests made up 29 percent of the U.S.

timberland base and accounted for 11 percent of

U.S. removals volume in 1996. Three-quarters of all

public timberland area is federally owned.

• Federal forests make up 22 percent (109 million

acres) of U.S. timberland. National forests are the

largest Federal ownership, making up 19 percent of

U.S. timberland and accounting for 5 percent of

timber removals in 1996. Timber removals on

national forests declined by 62 percent between

1986 and 1996, after rising by 63 percent between

1952 and 1963 and then remaining relatively stable

until 1986.

3

Blandin Paper Company, Grand Rapids, Minnesota. Photo: USDA-Forest

Service.
Introduction

As required by the Forest and Rangeland Renewable

Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA), P.L. 93-378, 88 Stat.

4765, as amended, this report provides an update of information on the Nation’s forest resources.1 Data are presented in

various ways for forest area, volume, mortality, growth,

removals, and timber products output.

This report updates forest resource statistics published by

Waddell et al. (1989) and analyzed by Oswald (1990). An

interim update was also provided for 1992 (Powell et al.

1994). Regions and subregions used in updating forest

statistics and in analyzing the resource are shown in figure 1.

A forest type map2 produced from satellite imagery is

provided in the pocket at the back of this publication to

display the spatial extent and location of forest land in the

United States.

2 This map updates the one prepared for the 1992 interim update of forest

resources for the United States (Powell et al. 1994). Further information

about the mapping process can be found in Zhu and Evans (1992).

1 For information on procedures used, see appendix A.

Figure 1 — Forest resource reporting regions and subregions of the United States.

4
Changes in the Forest Resource Since 1900

Peoples’ attitudes towards U.S. forests have changed over the years and have been influenced by human demands; scientific knowledge; and the changing nature and extent of the forest resource and its capacity to respond to evolving uses,

services, and outputs. This synopsis of the evolution of U.S. forest policies and the U.S. forest resource since 1900 is

intended to provide perspective on how the current forest came to be the way it is. The synopsis draws heavily on material

in MacCleery (1992).

Long before European settlement in this country, Native Americans used and managed the forest to serve their own needs.

European Americans, when they arrived, viewed forests as an encumbrance to agriculture or as a virtually inexhaustible

resource to be mined. They first used the forest—its wildlife, wood products, and land—to meet their subsistence needs for

food and energy, much as Native Americans had done. However, the abundant wealth of the forests was later harvested to

build the homes, cities, and industrial infrastructure of a growing nation. In addition, the lands previously occupied by

forests were used to feed a rapidly growing population.

Scarcely more than a century ago, peoples’ attitudes toward the forest began a shift to viewing forests and wildlife, not as

products to be mined or hunted, but as resources that could be managed over the long term on a scientific basis for both

products and environmental services. This view was reinforced by people of the time including Bernhard Fernow, a

German forester, and Theodore Roosevelt, who as President in 1901, was in a position to have a profound effect on the

conservation history of the Nation. Other people built upon the actions of these leaders, and by the 1930s, a forest policy

framework had emerged that emphasized protection of forests from wildfire and their management under scientific

principles. Specific actions focused on:

• Suppressing and preventing fires and educating the public to protect the forest;

• Establishing and enhancing the profession of forestry, and later of other natural resource disciplines, through

establishment of accredited natural resource schools, professional societies, etc.;

• Improving the art and science of forest culture and management, through research at Federal and State experiment stations and universities, and establishment of tree nurseries;

• Improving the efficiency with which wood products are utilized in the woods, at the mill, and in end-product

applications;

• Improving the quality of forest management on private lands by improving economic incentives and removing

tax and other disincentives, and providing technical and financial assistance to forest landowners;

• Establishing and expanding the national forests for watershed protection, irrigation, and sustained timber

production; a key element of the public policy framework was strong cooperation among Federal, State, and

private sector interests to achieve common goals (Steen 1976).

Several technological and non-policy changes after 1900 substantially affected the demand for wood and the clearing of

land for agriculture. These included:

• Substitution of fossil fuels for wood fuels,

• Substitution of metal and concrete for wood in structural applications,

• Substitution of chemicals derived from fossil fuels for those derived from animals and vegetation, and

• Replacement of draft animals by internal combustion engines.

These changes reduced the demand for wood, as well as increased agricultural productivity per acre, which reduced the

need to clear forests for agriculture.

5
It is a measure of both the inherent resilience of U.S. forests, and of the policies that were put in place in response to public

concerns in the early decades of this century, that forest conditions over much of the United States have improved since 1900.

The following are highlights in the evolution of the U.S. forest resource since then:

• By the 1920s, the area of U.S. forests had stopped declining for the first time in over 400 years. This was due largely

to a stabilization in cropland acreage resulting from two major factors: 1) replacement of draft animals by internal

combustion engines (in 1900, feeding draft animals was taking about one-third of the U.S. farmland base); and 2)

increasing farm productivity after 1930 due to the development of hybrid crops, fertilization, and other practices

resulting from agricultural research (Frederick and Sedjo 1991).

• Forest fire protection improved and eventually reduced destructive wildfire by over 90 percent — from 20 to 50

million acres per year to 2 to 5 million acres (Frederick and Sedjo 1991). This allowed millions of acres of forest to

regenerate naturally and set the stage for improving forest conditions as well as for increasing investments and tree

planting on both private and public lands (Williams 1989).

• The 50 to 80 million acres of “cutovers” or “stumplands” that existed in 1900, due largely to repeated wildfires after

harvest, have long since been reforested (Williams 1989). Today, many of these areas contain commercially mature

forests. Others have been harvested a second time and regenerated to young forests. Some areas have had three or

more harvests.

• In 1900, the growth of U.S. forests was a fraction of harvest. Today, net annual forest growth exceeds harvest by 47

percent. Because of this favorable growth/harvest situation, which has existed since about the 1940s (Frederick and

Sedjo 1991), biomass in U.S. forests today is 37 percent greater on a per acre basis than it was in 1953. In the

Eastern United States, biomass per acre has almost doubled since 1953. Today, annual forest growth is estimated to

be more than 3 1/2 times what it was in 1920 (Fedkiw 1989).

• Improving wood utilization technology, combined with increasing real prices for wood, has substantially improved

efficiency with which wood is used. Much less material is being left in the woods, and many sawmills produce twice

as much usable lumber and other products per log input as they did in 1900. Engineering standards and designs have

reduced the volume of wood used per square foot of building space, and preservative treatments have substantially

extended the service life of wood. All of these have reduced, by millions of acres, the area of annual harvest that

otherwise would have occurred (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service 1982).

• Tree planting on all forest ownerships has increased dramatically since World War II and was at record levels

throughout the 1980s. Many private forest lands are now actively managed for tree growing (Frederick and Sedjo

1991).

6
Timberland

 67%

Reserved

forest 7%

Other forest

 26%

NONFOREST

 67%

FOREST

 33%

As shown in the forest type map (in the pocket at the back of

this publication), forest land in the United States is widely,

yet unevenly, distributed. These areas vary tremendously,

from sparse scrub forests of the arid interior West to the

highly productive forests of the Pacific Coast and the South,

and from pure hardwood forests to multispecies mixtures,

and coniferous forest. Land east of the Great Plains that is

not in agriculture or other developed uses is usually in

various phases of forest cover. The high elevation areas of

the West that receive ample precipitation and the humid

portions of the Pacific Coast are also forested. North Dakota

currently has the lowest percentage of forest cover (1

percent), and Maine has the

highest (90 percent) (figure 2).

About two-thirds (504 million

acres) of the Nation’s forests are

classed as timberland—forests

capable of producing 20 cubic

feet per acre of industrial wood

annually and not legally

reserved from timber harvest

(table 1 and figure 3). An

additional 52 million acres of

forest, reserved for nontimber

uses, is managed by public

agencies as parks or wilderness

areas. There are also 191 million

acres of other forest lands not

capable of producing 20 cubic

feet per acre of industrial wood

annually, but of major importance for watershed protection,

wildlife habitat, domestic

livestock grazing, recreation,

biodiversity maintenance, and

other uses. Almost all of the

other forests are in the South and

West, over half in Alaska.

Fuelwood is a primary wood use

in many of these slow growing

or sparsely forested areas such

as the oak woodlands of

California and the pinyon and

juniper forests of the Southwest.

Most of the Nation’s forest land

is in nonfederal ownership. In

1997, 500 million acres, 67

percent of the total, were owned

by nonfederal public agencies,

Forest Land Area

Figure 2 — Percent of land area in forest by State.

forest industry, and other private individuals (table 2). About

78 percent of U.S. public forest land is in Federal ownership.

The Forest Service administers the largest segment of

Federal forest land—147 million acres or 59 percent of the

total Federal forest land. Other Federal agencies administering forest land include the Bureau of Land Management, the

National Park Service, the Fish and Wildlife Service, and the

Department of Defense. In total, 33 percent of all forest land

is federally owned. This proportion of Federal to other forest

ownerships has remained relatively stable for at least the last

50 years.

Figure 3 — Land and forest area distribution in the United States.

7
- 50 100 150 200

North

South

Rocky Mountain

Pacific Coast

Million acres

Private

Public

-

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

163016501670169017101730175017701790181018301850187018901907193819631987

Million acres

Rocky Mountain

Pacific Coast

North

South

1997

In the East, private ownership of forest land predominates in

both the North and South. In the Rocky Mountain region, 73

percent is publicly owned; in the Pacific Coast region, 66

percent is in public ownership (figure 4).

Historical Trends

When the first European immigrants arrived around 1630,

the total area of forest land was an estimated 1,045 million

acres (Kellogg 1909, Clawson 1979). This represented about

46 percent of the total land area. The area of forest land

declined steadily as settlement proceeded. Most of the postsettlement loss of forest land was in the Eastern U.S.,

comprised of the North and South regions (figure 5). In the

North, forests occupied an estimated 72 percent of the land

in 1630 (Kellogg 1909) (table 3). By 1907, forests covered

only 34 percent of the land in the region, a proportion that

rebounded to 41 percent by 1997. Likewise, significant

reductions in forest area occurred in the South before the

20th century, with the forested proportion dropping from 66

percent in 1630 to 44 percent by 1907. Forested area

fluctuated during the last century in the South as land cycled

between agricultural, forest, and other uses. By 1997, forests

covered 40 percent of the land in the South. In contrast to the

Eastern U.S., forest land in the

Western U.S. has been more

stable. The forested portion of

the Rocky Mountain region

dropped from an estimated 21

percent of the landscape in 1630

to 19 percent in 1997. Similar

trends are evident for the Pacific

Coast, where the portion of land

in forest dropped from 42

percent in 1630 to 38 percent in

1997.

Current Status and

Recent Changes

Today’s forest land area amounts

to about 71 percent of the area

that was forested in 1630. About

300 million acres of forest land

have been converted to other

uses since 1630—mainly to

agricultural uses. More than 75

percent of the net conversion to

other uses occurred in the 19th

century. Between 1850 and

1910, American farmers cleared

more forest than the total

amount cleared in the previous

250 years of settlement—about

190 million acres (Fedkiw

1989).

Even though the total area of

forest land has been relatively

stable since the early 1900s, Figure 5 — Forest area of the United States by major region, 1630-1997.

Figure 4 — Distribution of forest land by major region and ownership group.

8
stability does not mean that there has been no change in the

forest. Shifts continue from agriculture to forests and vice

versa, although not at historic rates. Some forest lands have

been converted to more intensive uses, such as urban. In

areas where forest land area has remained stable, forests have

changed in composition, structure, and health as they

respond to human manipulation as well as the natural

processes of regeneration, succession, and mortality.

Forest land across the Nation has increased by 1 percent

since 1987, a trend in contrast to reductions that occurred

between 1963 and 1987. Forest area increased in most

regions and subregions of the country in the past decade

(figure 5). In the North, forest area increased by nearly 3

percent in spite of the demands of an increasing population

for living space and associated amenities. Most of the net

increase in forest occurred in the North Central subregion

where the major source of new forest land was former

pasture and other agricultural lands that have reverted to

forest. In the South, forest land has increased by 1 percent

since 1987, as agricultural land naturally restocked with trees

or was planted under various Federal- and State-sponsored

incentive programs that encourage tree planting. As in the

North, these additional forest acres have exceeded the area of

forest diverted to other uses. Most of the net increase in

forest acreage in the South since 1987 occurred in the South

Central subregion. Increases in forest area since 1987 were

also noted in the Rocky Mountain region where forest

acreage rose by nearly 3 percent.

Forested acreage in the Pacific Coast region (which includes

Alaska) declined by 1 percent between 1987 and 1997. An

increase in forested area in the Pacific Northwest was offset

by small declines in the Pacific Southwest and Alaska

subregions.

Reserved and Protected Forest Land Area

There is worldwide interest in protecting sufficient representative ecosystems to maintain a pool of biodiversity for

future generations. There are various ways of classifying the

degree of protection given to an area. The classification

scheme used by the International Union for the Conservation

of Nature (IUCN) includes the following categories: I. Strict

nature reserve/wilderness area, II. National Park, III.

National monument, IV. Habitat/species management area,

V. Protected landscape/seascape, and VI. Managed resource

protection area.3

The IUCN classification scheme is based on the concept of

protection by legal statute and thus does not apply well to

private lands and some public lands in the United States.

Individual landowners or organizations may have no

intention to harvest timber, but subsequent owners may

choose to harvest timber or otherwise develop the land. In

1997, some 52 million acres of forest land were classed as

reserved and include Federal and State wilderness areas and

State and national parks (table 4 and figure 6). This estimate

does not include tens of millions of acres of public lands that

3 Category I is defined as an area of land and/or sea possessing some

outstanding or representative ecosystems, geological or physiological

features and/or species, available primarily for scientific research and or

environmental monitoring or a large area of unmodified or slightly

modified land, and/or sea, retaining its natural character and influence,

without permanent or significant habitation, which is protected and

managed so as to preserve its natural condition. Category II land is a

natural area of land and/or sea, designated to (a) protect the ecological

integrity of one or more ecosystems for present and future generations; (b)

exclude exploitation or occupation inimical to the purposes of designation

of the area; and (c) provide a foundation for spiritual, educational,

recreational, and visitor opportunities, all of which must be environmentally and culturally comparable. Category III land is an area containing

one, or more, specific natural or natural/cultural features of outstanding or

unique value because of their inherent rarity, representative or aesthetic

qualities, or cultural significance. Category IV is an area of land and/or sea

subject to active intervention for management purposes to ensure the

maintenance of habitats and/or to meet the requirements of specific

species. Category V is an area of land with coast and sea as appropriate,

where the interaction of people and nature over time has produced an area

of distinct character with significant aesthetic, ecological, and/or cultural

value, and often with high biological diversity. Safeguarding the integrity

of this traditional interaction is vital to the protection, maintenance, and

evolution of such an area. Category VI is an area containing predominantly

unmodified natural systems, managed to ensure long-term protection and

maintenance of biological diversity, while providing, a sustainable flow of

natural products and services to meet community needs.

9

Spotted owl in southern California. Photo: PSW Fresno.
North

South

Rocky 

Mountain

Pacific Coast

-

10

20

30

40

50

60

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

Year

Million acres

Productivity of forest land is

defined here as the amount of

wood per acre that can potentially be produced in fully

stocked natural stands. The

natural growth potential has

been used because such measures are available for most

regions of the United States, and

they provide a uniform means of

describing productivity of forest

land for timber production in the

country. Chief among the factors

that influence productivity are

soil, climate, and topography.

In the West, the largest areas in

the high productivity class are in

the coastal Douglas-fir and hemlock-Sitka spruce types. In

the East, the highly productive sites are found in the loblollyshortleaf pine and oak-gum-cypress ecosystems of the lower

Mississippi drainage and the Atlantic coastal plain.

Most of the Nation’s high productivity forest lands (lands

capable of producing more than 120 cubic feet per acre per

year) are located west of the Cascade Mountains in the

Pacific Northwest subregion of the Pacific Coast region and

in the South Central subregion of the South region (figures 7

and 8). These two subregions have 21 and 32 million acres,

respectively, of high productivity lands (table 4).

Figure 6 — Trends in reserved forest land by major region, 1953-1997.

are managed for biodiversity and other nontimber uses under

existing land management plans. Nor does it include large

acreages of private lands that are held by nongovernmental

organizations such as The Nature Conservancy, other private

conservation trusts, or lands protected by conservation

easements under various State and local authorities. The

legally reserved forest land area in 1997 amounted to 7

percent of the total forest land area and was over double the

area classed as reserved in 1953. The remaining public forest

land (264 million acres) is classed in categories III-VI. It is

in national monuments or other custodially managed areas,

or it is in areas managed for the sustainable use of natural

ecosystems. There are currently tens of millions of acres on

Federal lands classed in Category VI that may never be

available for commercial harvest on roadless public lands or

other administrative designations that may preclude harvesting. They are protected by administrative action rather than

legal statute.

Unreserved Forest Land Area

Forest inventories have traditionally focused on forests

potentially available for harvesting because of their commercial value and legislative mandate to provide information on

current and perspective timber supplies to meet the Nation’s

needs. As demand for more ecologically based inventories

increased, resource inventory objectives changed. As new

inventories are initiated, all forest land will be monitored and

a complete inventory will be available within 10 years. The

following discussion of productivity and forest type groups

is limited to the 695 million acres of unreserved forest land,

which includes timberland and other forest land.

Olympic National forest old growth forest, Washington

State. Photo: Tom Iraci.

10
-

5

10

15

20

25

30

South Central Pacific Northwest

Million acres

 20 to 49 cubic feet 50 to 84 cubic feet 85 to 119 cubic feet 120 + cubic feet

In the West, 72 percent of the redwood forest type is highly

productive (table 5). However, the largest areas in the 120+

cubic feet class are in the eastern oak-hickory and loblollyshortleaf pine type groups and in the western coastal Douglas-fir types (tables 5 and 6).

Most of the other forest, less productive for timber production, is located in the West—in high elevation, or northern

latitude (i.e., Alaska) fir-spruce stands, or in the dry, opengrown pinyon-juniper lands of the interior West. These forest

lands, often called woodlands, are of major importance for

watershed protection, wildlife habitat, domestic stock

grazing, and other uses. Although these forest lands produce

Figure 7 — Distribution of timberland by region and productivity class.

Figure 8 — Distribution of timberland in the Pacific Northwest and South Central

subregions by productivity class.

little industrial roundwood, they

do produce other wood and tree

products that are often important

for local use. Fuelwood is a

primary commercial use in

many areas having woodlands,

such as the oak woodlands of

California and the pinyonjuniper areas of the Southwest.

While Alaska has the greatest

area of low productivity lands in

terms of timber, the Intermountain subregion also has large

areas that are relatively unproductive for timber. Forty-three

percent of the unreserved forest

land in the Intermountain region

has the potential to produce no

more than 20 cubic feet per acre

per year, and 73 percent of it can

produce no more than 50 cubic

feet.

A Bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva) (affectionaely named

“Methuselah”) represents the worlds oldest living tree

(4,767 years old), or as sometimes stated “the earths

oldest living inhabitant.” Photo: Connie Millar. 11

-

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Million acres

 20 to 49 cubic feet 50 to 84 cubic feet 85 to 119 cubic feet 120 + cubic feet
Forests in the United States have developed in response

to multiple influences including climate, physiography,

geology, soils, water, and human intervention. Subcontinental divisions of broad climatic similarity that are

affected by latitude and global atmospheric conditions

are called Domains. Four Domains or major ecoclimatic zones found in the United States (Bailey 1995)

are Polar, Temperate, Subtropical, and Tropical. Further

subdivisions of these zones may be made based upon the

influence of precipitation: humid, semi-arid, and arid.

Other physiographic characteristics that may further

define these subzones and their vegetation include

whether an area is continental versus oceanic or montane versus lowland.

The following discussion frames the 1997 resource data

in the context of Bailey’s work and describes the forest

cover types (Eyre 1980) of the conterminous United

States both by geographic region and major climate/

precipitation zones. Alaska and Hawaii are discussed

separately.

Eastern Forests

North

The northern region is predominantly in a temperate humid

climatic zone. The climate of the temperate humid zone is

significantly influenced by both tropical and polar air

masses. The midlatitudes contain a belt subject to cyclonic

winds; much of the precipitation in this belt comes from the

lifting of moist air along fronts within those cyclones. Strong

climatic seasons are characteristic of this zone—seasons in

which temperatures as

well as precipitation

show strong annual

cycles. Forests of this

zone are comprised of

both broadleaf deciduous and needleleaf

evergreen trees.

Softwood and mixed

softwood and hardwood

forests extend along the

entire length of the

northern parts of this

zone where summers are

cool and winters cold. In

the middle and southern

reaches of this zone,

forests are dominated by

tall hardwood species

that provide a continuous dense canopy in

summer but shed their

leaves completely in the winter. Here winters are cool and

summers hot.

The northernmost forests of the temperate humid zone

(figure 9) are heavily forested with second- and third-growth

forests. The area is dominated by northern oak-hickory and

maple-beech-birch forests on the uplands and by elm-ashcottonwood forests in the bottomlands. The southernmost

reaches of these forests run down the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. Red maple is a common early to midsuccessional transition species to the north giving way to

yellow-poplar in the southern portion of this zone.

Introduced pathogens have forever changed the diversity of

northern forests. For example, chestnut blight nearly eliminated American chestnut and Dutch elm disease severely

diminished American elm populations. Before the accidental

introduction of Dutch elm disease, American elm was the

most planted urban street tree in the U.S. More recent

introductions, such as beech bark disease, are also substantially influencing the composition of North American forests.

Common mammals in the northern temperate forest include

white-tailed deer, black bear, porcupine, raccoon, and

squirrel. Although agriculture was attempted throughout this

region, many of the lands were not well suited and reverted

to forest after abandonment. Large portions of the current

national forests in this region were carved from lands that

were unsuitable for agriculture.

Forest Types and Eco-climatic Zones

12

Northern softwood forest bordered by a lake in Wisconsin. Photo: USDA-Forest Service.

Black bear in the northern

temperate forest. Photo: USDAForest Service.
Spruce-fir

10%

White-red-jack pine

6%

Oak-hickory

32%

Elm-ashcottonwood

6%

Maple-beech-birch

31%

Aspen-birch

10%

Other types

5% Subtropical Humid

1% Temperate Semiarid

4%

Temperate Humid

95%

Figure 9 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the North.

Spruce-fir forests are found along the northeastern border of

the United States from Minnesota to Maine and account for

56 percent of the northern softwood forests. The spruce-fir

forests of the Northeast are an important source of pulpwood

in that subregion. Recent budworm outbreaks and natural

successional change of remote spruce-fir forests have caused

spruce-fir acreage to decline in the North by 7.5 percent

since 1987 and by 24 percent since 1953.

White-red-jack pine forests total 12 million acres and are

scattered throughout the northern reaches of the northern

forest associated with the cooler summers. The current

acreage is only a shadow of the vast pineries that existed

until the late 19th century. The replacement forests in areas

not converted to permanent farmlands are mostly hardwood

species. The species composition of the white-red-jack pine

forest type varies; white pine predominates in the Northeast,

while red and jack pines are the common pines of the North

Central subregion. Most of the planted softwood stands in

the North are red and white pines.

Aspen-birch is a pioneer ecosystem generally owing its

origins to major disturbances. Historically this disturbance

was fire or agriculture, but in recent decades clearcut

harvesting has been the dominant method of disturbance

13

Forest cover Ecozones

Ecozones by RPA Regions
promoting regeneration. Most of the 18

million acres of aspenbirch forests are in the

North Central subregion (77 percent).

These forests support a

variety of northern

wildlife species such

as white-tailed deer

and ruffed grouse.

Aspen forests are

major sources of fiber

for the pulpwood and

oriented strand board

industries in the North.

Fire suppression and

natural succession

have reduced the area

of aspen by 33 percent

since 1953.

Maple-beech-birch

forests are the major

forest type in the North. As the northern forest continues to

age, acreage in this type has more than doubled since 1953.

These forests are currently found on 54 million acres in the

North. They make up 31 percent of all northern forests and

contain a number of valuable hardwood species for wood

products, including sugar maple and the birches. This forest

type is also famed for fall color.

Oak-hickory is the dominant forest cover in the central and

southern portions of the North. It occurs in expansive areas

in portions of Indiana, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.

Also, small forest patches of this type occur in farm

woodlots throughout the region. While agriculture is a

dominant land use in areas where oak-hickory is present,

only the very marginal farmlands have been abandoned to

revert to forest. Yellow-poplar is a common transition

species that precedes the dominance of oak-hickory in forest

stands in this region. Oak-hickory stands in the North tend to

be very diverse and heavily influenced by species other than

oaks and hickories with ash, basswood, and sugar maple

prevalent. With time, oak-hickory transitions to maple-beech

on the milder northern and eastern exposures. At the western

edges of this region where general climate transitions to

semi-arid, bur oak, hackberry, and cottonwood are major

components of this type where it is generally found in moist

riparian areas.

Elm-ash-cottonwood forests are dominant bottomland forests

of the North found mostly along moist river and stream

bottoms. They account for 11 million acres in the North,

which are often wetland areas common in this region. Dutch

elm disease has had a major impact on this type, seriously

reducing the elm component. Species such as red maple,

green ash, and cottonwood to the west have rapidly filled in

behind elms in these forests. White ash, the most commercially valuable species in this type, is used for a number of

specialty wood products such as baseball bats and tool

handles.

South

The southern region is predominantly in a subtropical humid

climatic zone (figure 10) except for an area of the temperatehumid zone that covers most of Kentucky and Tennessee and

a small area of the tropical humid zone in southern Florida.

The subtropical humid zone in general is characterized by

the absence of very cold winters. High humidity, especially

in summer, prevails throughout the southern Atlantic and

Gulf Coast States of the United States. Forest is the natural

vegetation of large areas here with much of the sandy coastal

region of the Southeastern United States covered by a

second-growth forest. Large areas of pine in plantation and

natural stands occur throughout the coastal plain and

piedmont regions, along with southern oak-hickory on

upland hardwood sites and oak-gum-cypress in the bottomlands. Oak-pine mixtures are common at the northern and

western fringes of the southern forest. Agriculture is prominent in the coastal plain and in the bottomlands along the

rivers where the productivity of rich bottomland soils have

historically led to considerable forest clearing.

The forests of the South account for 30 percent of the

unreserved forest area of the United States and 29 percent of

all forest land.

Loblolly-shortleaf pine forests are among the most prevalent

in the South covering 50 million acres or nearly one-fourth

of all southern forests. These forests can consist of pure

loblolly or shortleaf pine as well as mixtures intermingled

with other southern pine species. Loblolly pine is most

common in the piedmont and coastal plain areas; shortleaf

pine has a wider distribution and ranges further into the

interior South and lower portions of the North. Loblollyshortleaf pine forests account for over one-half of the 95

million acres of softwood forests in the Eastern United

States.

Maple-Beech-birch forest in

Green Mountain National Forest,

Vermont. Photo: Jill

Bauermeister

14
Subtropical 

Semi-arid

26%

Subtropical Arid 1%

Temperate 

Humid

3%

Subtropical 

Humid

70%

Longleaf-slash 

pine

6%

Other types

6% Oak-gum-cypress

14%

Oak-hickory 37%

Oak-pine

14%

Loblolly-shortleaf 

pine

23%

Longleaf-slash pine forests, whose 13 million acres account

for 21 percent of the southern pine acreage, are found in

States bordering the south Atlantic and gulf coasts, but most

of the area in this type is concentrated in Florida and Georgia

(see map in back pocket). These forests continue to decline

and now cover half the acreage that they had in 1953. Major

factors in this change have been loss of fire (through

suppression), which favored slash pine, and conversion of

longleaf/slash sites to faster growing loblolly pine.

Oak-pine forests cover 30 million acres in the South, which

has nearly all of this forest type. These forests frequently

originated from cutover natural pine sites with poor pine

regeneration. The acreage classed in the oak-pine type was

declining before 1987, but the area has been relatively stable

since then. These forests generally occupy drier upland sites.

The oak-gum-cypress forests total 29 million acres in the

South. Although much of this forest type has been lost

through conversion of bottomlands to agriculture, it appears

that the acreage has stabilized in recent years.

Western Forests

Rocky Mountain Region

The Rocky Mountain region predominantly spans the

temperate and subtropical arid and semi-arid climatic zones

(figure 11). This region stretches from prairies in the east to

extensive mountains and plateaus or steppes separated by

wide valleys in the west to dry deserts in the southwest. Soils

range from shallow and poor on the mountains and slopes to

rich and suitable for agriculture or grasslands in the valleys

of the northern areas to desert arid soils in the southwest.

Forests of the region cover about 19 percent of the land area

and are diverse and variable depending on elevation and

moisture availability. At higher elevations, subalpine fir,

lodgepole pine, and Engelmann spruce are found. At the

middle elevations and slopes, interior ponderosa pine,

Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, western redcedar, western

hemlock, and aspen can be found. While spruce dominates

the lower plateaus to the north, shrub vegetation is more

common in the drier south. In the eastern prairie areas, trees

and shrubs are scarce, but a few may grow as woodland

Figure 10 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the South.

Longleaf pine and turkey oak, Croatan National Forest,

New Bern, North Carolina. Photo: Bill Lea.

15

Forest cover Ecozones

Southern oak-hickory forests are among the South’s most

extensive and diverse forests. This type, at 78 million acres,

makes up 36 percent of all southern forests. These forests are

generally found in upland areas of the interior South; coves

and moist flats have the best stands. Typical associates

include gum, maple, and yellow-poplar. In the far western

fringes of the region in Texas and Oklahoma, post oak forests

are common.
patches in low moist areas and along streams. In the southwest deserts, vegetation is generally xerophytic plants (plants

that can survive in areas with very little moisture) widely

dispersed and providing almost negligible ground cover.

Commercial forestry is more common in the north, and

agricultural activities such as orchards, vineyards, and

grazing are more common in the south.

The higher elevations of this region contain forests of

interior Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, and

aspen. The steppe elevations are dominated by sagebrush and

juniper while low desert areas contain a variety of cacti and

shrubs. The northern prairie wetlands are key habitat for

migratory waterfowl. Other animals of this region include

bison, elk, mule deer, and coyote. Urbanization has impacted

this area significantly and many valleys are becoming

densely populated. The forests of the Rocky Mountain region

account for 18 percent of the unreserved forest area of the

United States and 19 percent of all forest land.

Interior ponderosa pine forests are found to some extent

throughout the Rocky Mountain region (figure 11). Most

ponderosa pine is found in Arizona, New Mexico, Idaho,

Montana, Colorado, Wyoming, and the Black Hills of South

Dakota. Generally it is the first type encountered above the

valley floors of the region. Common associates are Douglasfir and larch.

Douglas-fir forests generally occur at elevations directly

above the ponderosa pine. Predominant areas of Douglas-fir

in the interior West are in Idaho and Montana where threefourths of the region’s volume is found.

Figure 11 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the Rocky Mountain region.

Custer National Forest, Montana. Photo: Rocky Mountain

Research Station

16

Western 

hardwoods

10%

Pinyon-juniper

33%

Other types

6% Douglas-fir 15%

Fir-spruce

14%

Lodgepole pine

10%

Ponderosa pine

12%

Forest cover Ecozones

Temperate Arid

25%

Temperate 

Semi-arid

50%

Subtropical Arid 10%

Subtropical

Semi-arid

15%
Douglas-fir

22%

Other types 15%

Western 

hardwoods

17%

Hemlock-Sitka 

spruce

8%

Fir-spruce

11%

Ponderosa pine

17%

Pinyon-juniper & chaparral

10%

Subtropical Arid

10%

Temperate Semi- arid

3%

Temperate 

Oceanic

38%

Subtropical 

Summer Dry 38%

Temperate Arid

11%

Lodgepole pine forests are typically found in pure stands and

are often very dense. Three-fourths of the total volume of

lodgepole pine is located in Idaho, Montana, Colorado, and

Wyoming. In natural fire regimes, lodgepole is generally

replaced by other softwoods such as Douglas-fir, grand fir, or

subalpine fir.

Fir-spruce forests of the Rocky Mountain region are comprised primarily of grand fir, subalpine fir, and Engelmann

spruce. In the northern areas, larch, western redcedar, and

western white pine species are intermingled.

Pinyon-juniper forests and woodlands are found predominantly in the dry plateaus and broken tablelands of Arizona,

New Mexico, western Colorado, Utah, and Nevada. Ninetytwo percent of all of the pinyon-juniper type is found in the

Rocky Mountain region. Species composition varies from

pure pinyon pine to pinyon-juniper.

Most of the other softwood forests of the Rocky Mountain

region are confined to Idaho and Montana and include

western white pine, hemlock-Sitka spruce, western redcedar,

and larch forest types. Combined, these types make up only

2 percent of all the forest of the region.

Hardwood forests cover 17 million acres in the Rocky

Mountain region or about 12 percent of all forest land.

Generally found in small patches or groups and along

streams, quaking aspen and cottonwood are prominent

hardwood species to the west. On the eastern prairie,

hardwood forests are predominantly elm-ash or cottonwoodwillow stringers along rivers and streams. Scattered bur oak

and hackberry may be found on

the upland sites as well as

hickories in eastern Kansas.

Pacific Coast Region

(excluding Alaska and

Hawaii)

The climate zones of the Pacific

Coast region are a mix of

temperate oceanic in coastal

Oregon and Washington (figure

12), Mediterranean in western

California, and temperate and

subtropical arid and semi-arid in

the eastern portions of the

region.

The temperate oceanic climatic zone is situated on the

Pacific coast and comprises roughly the western half of

Oregon and Washington. This coastal zone receives abundant

rainfall from maritime polar air masses and has a rather

narrow range of temperature because it fronts on the ocean.

Natural vegetation of the marine west coast climate of North

America is needleleaf forest. In the coast ranges of the

Pacific Northwest, Douglas-fir, redcedar, and spruce grow in

magnificent forests. The high snowcapped mountains have a

well-marked subalpine belt. Important trees here are mountain hemlock, subalpine fir, whitebark pine, and Alaskacedar. The alpine zone has a rich flora of shrubs and herbs.

North Pacific coast forests are dominated by mountainous

topography bordered by coastal plains along the ocean.

Altitude is critical to forest composition ranging from mild,

humid coastal rain forests to cool boreal forests at higher

elevations. Coastal forests include western redcedar, western

hemlock, Douglas-fir, Sitka spruce, redwood, and red alder.

Higher elevations have mountain hemlock and fir. Highly

productive forests are conducive to forest industry, and

agriculture is important in the highly productive lowland

areas.

The forests of the three conterminous Pacific Coast States

account for 11 percent of the unreserved forest area of the

United States and 12 percent of all forest land.

The Mediterranean climate zone is situated on the Pacific

coast between latitudes 30 and 45 o N. Subject to alternate

wet and dry seasons, it is in the transition zone between the

dry west coast desert and the wet west coast. The occurrence

Figure 12 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the Pacific Coast region

(excluding Alaska and Hawaii).

17

Forest cover Ecozones
of a wet winter followed by a dry summer is unique among

climate types and produces a distinctive natural vegetation of

hardleaved evergreen trees and shrubs called sclerophyll

forest. Various forms of sclerophyll woodland and scrub are

also typical.

Forests of the Pacific Southwest are characterized by

evergreen shrubs, chaparral, patchy oak woodlands, and pine

forests on the upper slopes. Urbanization has impacted this

area significantly, and many valleys are densely populated.

Alaska

The boreal climatic zone (figure 13) is situated in a

region where continental polar air masses are south of

the tundra zone between latitude 50 and 70 o N. This

climate type shows very great seasonal range in temperature; winters are severe and the small annual

precipitation is concentrated in the three warm months.

This zone coincides with a great belt of needleleaf

forest, referred to as boreal forest, and open lichen

woodland, called the taiga. The Nation’s boreal forests

generally consist of close stands of conifers (mostly

spruce and tamarack) interspersed with white birch and

aspen. Soils are generally shallow and rocky. This region

dominates 85 percent of Alaska’s landscape.

The polar climatic zone lies north of the boreal zone and

includes the tundra region, which has a very short, cool

summer and a long, severe winter. Temperature efficiency rather than effectiveness of precipitation becomes

critical in influencing plant distribution and soil development. Vegetation on the tundra portion of this zone

consists of grasses, sedges, and lichens, with willow

shrubs.

The temperate oceanic climatic zone is situated on the

southeast coast of Alaska, making up roughly 9 percent

of the State’s forests. This zone receives abundant

rainfall from maritime polar air masses and has a rather

narrow range of temperature because it fronts on the

ocean. The region is dominated by mountainous

topography, and the natural vegetation is predominantly

needleleaf forest. Altitude is critical to forest composition ranging from mild, humid coastal rain forests to

Figure 13 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of Alaska.

Chugach National Forest Alaska. Photo: Tom Iraci

18

Temperate 

Oceanic

9%

Boreal

85%

Polar

6%

Other softwoods

49%

Fir-spruce

32%

Other types

1% Western 

hardwoods

8%

Hemlock-Sitka 

spruce

10%

Forest cover Ecozones
-

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

Million acres

Oak-hickory

Loblolly/shortleaf pine

Maple-beech-birch

Lowland hardwoods

Aspen birch

Longleaf/Slash pine

Figure 14 — Trend in timberland area for selected eastern forest types, 1953-1997.

cool boreal forests at higher elevations. Coastal forests

include western hemlock, Alaska-cedar, western

redcedar, Sitka spruce, red alder, and black cottonwood.

Higher elevations have lodgepole pine, mountain

hemlock, and subalpine fir. This zone also has a rich

flora of shrubs and herbs.

The forests of Alaska account for 17 percent of the unreserved forest area of the United States and 17 percent of all

forest land. Ten percent of Alaska’s unreserved forest is

timberland (12.4 million acres) and accounts for 2 percent of

all U.S. timberland.

Ninety-two percent of Alaska’s unreserved forest land is

covered with softwood stands, 7 percent has hardwood

stands, and 1 percent is currently nonstocked.

The most extensive forest type group is other softwoods. The

other softwoods group is primarily spruce stands in interior

Alaska. These forests account for 63 million acres—nearly

half of all Alaska’s forests and provide important values that

include watershed and soil protection, wildlife habitat, and

aesthetic enjoyment.

Hemlock-Sitka spruce and fir-spruce forests are found

primarily in coastal Alaska. These forests account for about

53 million acres and are made up of important commercial

timber species that provide raw material for lumber products,

pulping, and log exports on the Pacific coast and abroad.

In Alaska, there are about 10 million acres of the western

hardwoods forest type group. Paper birch, aspen, and black

cottonwood are

the most abundant

hardwood species.

Hawaii

The small area of tropical humid climate in the U.S. is at

low latitudes and is controlled largely by equatorial and

tropical air masses. There is no winter season. While

average annual rainfall is heavy and exceeds annual

evaporation, it varies in amount and in seasonal and

areal distribution. Hawaii and extreme southern Florida

support this regime. Although southern Florida is

dominated by wet savanna, Hawaii has evergreen and

semi-deciduous forests of great diversity.

Forest Changes

The forest landscape in the United States, on average, is

getting older as represented by the increase in the area of

forest types that are more representative of mid to later

stages of succession, and by the decrease in the area of forest

types that are more representative of earlier successional

stages. Some species and forest types are showing signs of

significant shifts. In the East, for example, the areas in

aspen-birch and longleaf-slash pine have been decreasing

while the area in maple-beech-birch and oak-hickory has

been increasing (figure 14). Much of this change is due to

natural succession in response to fire suppression. The

downward trend in lowland hardwoods is more the result of

a slowing but continued conversion of these forest lands to

other uses. In the West the loss of lodgepole pine is attributable to fire suppression as well.

19
- 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Nonstocked

Other types

Aspen-birch

Maple-beech birch

Elm-ash-cottonwood

Oak-gum-cypress

Oak-hickory

Oak-pine

Loblolly/shortleaf pine

Longleaf/slash pine

Spruce-fir

Red/white/jack pine

Million acres

Timberland Reserved Other

- 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Nonstocked

Chaparral

Pinyon-juniper

W. Hardwoods

Other softwoods

Lodgepole pine

Hemlock-Sitka spruce

Fir-spruce

Ponderosa pine

Douglas-fir

Million acres

Timberland Reserved Other

Figure 15 — Forest land in the West by forest type and land class, 1997.

Figure 16 — Forest land area in the East by forest type and land class, 1997.

Reserved Status of Forest Types

In the West, much of the area of reserved forest land consists

of softwoods (figures 15 and 16). In the East, oak-hickory

and maple-beech-birch are the forest type groups with the

most area in reserved status.

20
-

50

100

150

200

250

EAST WEST

Million acres

Forest land in counties with urban centers over 20,000 persons

Forest land in counties with urban centers of 2,500 to 20,000 persons

Forest land in counties with no urban center greater than 2,500 persons

Figure 17 — Forest land in the United States by urban population proximity.

Forest Land Area by Rural-Urban Continuum Class

A higher percentage of forest land in the West is in

counties classed as rural (55.8 percent) than in the

the East (20.8 percent) (table 7). In part, this

reflects higher population densities in the East and

in part the remoteness of some areas in the West

(figure 17). Population pressure tends to indicate

higher rates of landscape fragmentation as more

competing demands are placed on all resources.

Blue oak (Quercus douglasii), California. Photo: Pacific

Southwest Research Station.

21
-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996

Thousand acres

South

West

North

An estimated 54 million acres of forests (7 percent of the

total) in the United States were established through tree

planting (table 8). This estimate includes many areas,

especially in the Western States, where natural regeneration

was augmented with tree planting. In contrast to many other

countries, virtually all tree planting for plantations in the

United States is of native species.

Planted stands are most abundant in the Eastern United

States, especially in the South (figure 18). There, planted

forests total 36 million acres or about 17 percent of the

forests in the region. Loblolly pine and slash pine are the

species most frequently planted in the South.

As shown in the following tabulation, an estimated 13.6

million acres of planted forests exist in the Western United

States; about 70 percent of these stands are in the Pacific

Northwest subregion. Douglas-fir has been the predominant

species planted, accounting for more than one-half of the

total. However, since 1990, other species such as ponderosa

pine, western larch, and lodgepole pine have been planted

with increasing frequency, while the acreage planted to

Douglas-fir has dropped.

Acres of planted forest land in the Western United States

by forest type group, 1997

Forest type group Thousand acres

Douglas-fir 7,402

Ponderosa pine 2,328

Western white pine 45

Fir-spruce 1,216

Hemlock-Sitka spruce 194

Larch 859

Lodgepole pine 988

Other softwoods 195

Western hardwoods 397

 Total 13,626

Planted stands make up a substantial component of only a

few forest type groups across the country. In the East, the

longleaf-slash pine group has the greatest percentage of

acreage classed as planted—59 percent. Loblolly-shortleaf

Area of Plantations and Natural Forests

Figure 18 — Forest land planted annually in the United States, 1952-1996.

22
pine forests also contain a relatively high proportion of

planted area; 43 percent of these stands were planted,

reflecting in part, conversion of natural pine stands to

plantations. Farther north, white-red-jack pine stands have a

plantation percentage of 24 percent. In the Western United

States, Douglas-fir has a plantation proportion of 18 percent.

Plantations in the United States tend to be predominately

softwood. Acreages listed under hardwood types tend to be

evidence of failed plantations where stocking of competing

hardwood species has overtaken the softwoods. In rare cases,

there are some hardwood plantations.

The data on plantation extent in the United States are from

two sources. In the Eastern United States, classifications of

stand origin made at Forest Inventory and Analysis plots

were used to note planted and natural status. Because some

planted stands take on the appearance of natural stands as

they age, these data likely reflect conservative estimates of

plantation acreage. Because it is often difficult to visually

distinguish natural from planted forests after a decade or so

in the West, plantation estimates were derived from tree

planting statistics compiled by the USDA Forest Service

(annual). Since these statistics reflect the total acreage

planted over a long period, they were discounted to account

for planting failures and stand liquidation due to harvests or

natural disturbances such as fire and for clearing to nonforest

land uses. The values used for current plantation extent in the

Western United States are 75 percent of the total acreage

planted in the region. Forest type distributions for planted

stands in the West were developed from tree nursery data on

species shipped and from forest industry records on plantation establishment.

23

A white-red-jack pine stand. Photo: USDA-Forest Service.
-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Million acres

Timberland Other Forest

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Trends in Timberland Area

For the entire United States, timberland area has risen since

1987, with a gain of 17 million acres or about 4 percent

(tables 10 and 11). While reversion and afforestation were

dominant factors in the East, reclassification of marginal

wooded lands was the dominant cause for increases in forest

land area in the West. Net gains were reported in the North (3

percent), South (2 percent), and the Rocky Mountain (16

percent) regions (figure 19). On the Pacific Coast, timberland area declined by 1.7 percent from 1987 to 1997.

Increases in the Pacific Northwest (2 percent) and Pacific

Southwest (7 percent) subregions, were offset by a decline in

Alaska (-21 percent) where a large area in the southwest

portion of the State was reclassified as nonforest.

These shifts in timberland area are the result of a complex

combination of timberland being withdrawn for reserved

uses such as parks and wilderness and other influences. A

major influence was the reclassification of other forest lands

to timberland as a result of re-evaluation of site productivity.

Additional gains can be attributed to abandoned marginal

farmlands in the East reverting to productive forest lands.

The net effect of these changes has been a drop in total

timberland of 5 million acres (1 percent) since 1953.

Seventy-two percent of the Nation’s timberland is in the

Eastern United States. In the West, timberland is a smaller

segment of the total forest area than in the East, although

timberland does constitute more than half of all forest land in

the Great Plains and Pacific Northwest subregions, as well as

in Colorado, Idaho, and Montana in the Intermountain

subregion.

Timberland Ownerships

Timberland ownership patterns vary throughout the United

States. Timberland ownership is divided into four broad

classes: national forest, other public, forest industry, and

nonindustrial private. The balance between public and

private has not appreciably changed since 1987 (table 10).

Private lands are concentrated in the eastern part of the

country, and public lands are mainly in the West (figure 20).

For the United States as a whole, private individuals and

firms own 71 percent of all timberland; Federal, State, and

other public owners account for the remaining 29 percent

(table 11).

National Forest

National forest timberland in the United States totals 96

million acres or 19 percent of all timberland. Since most

national forests were created from unclaimed public lands in

the West around 1900, most (78 percent) of the current

national forest timberland is in the West. When the national

forest lands were created, much of the more accessible,

highly productive forested area was no longer in the public

domain. As a consequence, national forest timberland is, on

average, less productive and on steeper, higher elevation

terrain than are private timberlands. Their terrain makes

national forests especially important in managing waterflows

and in protecting and maintaining watershed condition.

Timberland Area and Ownership

Figure 19 — Change in forest area by land class and region, 1987 to 1997.

24
-

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Million acres

National Forest Other public Forest Industry Nonindustrial private

Other Public

The other public category includes all lands managed by

public agencies other than the Forest Service. Included are

lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management,

State, county, and municipal authorities. Timberland in this

category accounts for 10 percent of the total timberland

acreage. State-owned timberland, of which every State has

some, constitutes over half of the timberland area in the other

public category. The National Park Service and the Fish and

Wildlife Service in this ownership group also have significant forest areas, but these areas are not generally classed as

timberland.

The largest concentration of other public timberland is in the

North (45 percent of the nationwide total) where it is made

up primarily of State and county forests. Pennsylvania in the

Northeast subregion and Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin in the North Central subregion all have extensive State

and local governmental management of timberlands.

Timberland in State, county, and municipal ownership

amounts to 26.4 percent of the total in these three Lake

States. In this region, timberland that reverted to the States

through tax delinquency during the depression accounts for

much of the other public ownership. Oregon, Washington,

and Alaska have large acreages of other public timberland—

mostly State land in Alaska and Washington, and Bureau of

Land Management land in Oregon.

Forest Industry

Forest industry timberland holdings in the United States total

66.9 million acres, down 5 percent from 1987. These areas

are owned by operators of primary wood products manufacturing facilities. They have historically been treated as an

identifiable owner group because—unlike the nonindustrial

private group—they are thought to have somewhat common

objectives for ownership and management of timberland

(Birch 1996). Most of the forest industry timberland is in the

Eastern United States; 55 percent of all such lands are in the

South and 22 percent are in the North. The Pacific Coast

region has 18 percent of all industry timberlands, and the

Rocky Mountain region has only 4 percent. The location of

forest industry timberland has been strongly influenced by

the location and availability of highly productive forest land.

The decline in timberland area classed as owned by forest

industry is due in part to the creation of Timber Investment

Management Organizations (TIMOS). TIMOS are the result

of spinoffs of timberland holdings by some firms in forest

industry. There are no timber processing plants associated

with TIMOS, so these lands are classed in the nonindustrial

private ownership category. In 2000, some 4 million acres of

forest land were in TIMOS in the South (Siry 2001). Acreage

in these organizations is expected to increase in the future.

As a result, the area of timberland in the forest industry

owner category will likely decline in the future. However,

timberlands in both TIMOS and forest industry ownerships

are managed in much the same way.

Figure 20 — Area of timberland by major region and ownership group.

25
Nonindustrial Private

Timberland owners in this group include individuals, trusts,

and corporations. This group accounts for 58 percent of the

timberland area in the United States.

Nonindustrial private timberland is concentrated in the

eastern sections of the country; 88 percent of all such land is

found in the North and South, accounting for about 71

percent of all timberland in both areas. In contrast, in the

Rocky Mountain and Pacific Coast regions, this owner group

accounts for about 25 percent of the timberland.

Because the owners in this group hold many different

management objectives at any given time some of the area is

not available for the production and harvest of timber. But

ownership of timberland can be as transitory in this group as

individual owners’ objectives; changes in ownership and

objectives often bring formerly unavailable resources in to

the market (Birch 1996).

26

Black willow slough, bottomland hardwoods in Mississippi. Photo: Bill Lea.

Interior Highlands, Arkansas. Photo: Pacific Melissa

Carlson.
-

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

Million acres

Nonstocked

Seedling/sapling

Poletimber

Sawtimber

-

20

40

60

80

100

120

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

Million acres

Sawtimber

Poletimber

Seedling/sapling Nonstocked

Stand size-class distribution can be used to describe forest

structure and age as well as distribution of stands suitable for

various timber products (tables 14 and 15). Four classes are

generally recognized: (1) nonstocked, (2) seedling-sapling,

(3) poletimber, and (4) sawtimber (see Glossary for definitions).

On eastern timberland, very few acres (less than 1 percent)

are nonstocked. With generally favorable climates and seed

sources, few harvested areas remain nonstocked for long.

Seedling-sapling and poletimber stands are about evenly

distributed in the East (25 and 29 percent, respectively)

(figure 21). These stands form the core of the merchantable

Stand Size-Class Distribution

forests of the mid-21st century. Sawtimber stands represented 46 percent of the timberland in the East in 1997,

compared with 30 percent in 1953. The bulk of current

timber harvesting is focused on these stands.

In the West, nonstocked stands make up 4 percent of the total

area of timberland. The distribution of seedling-sapling and

poletimber stands is 14 and 17 percent, respectively, and the

balance (65 percent) is in sawtimber stands. In the West, the

share of sawtimber-size stands ranges from about 60 percent

in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest subregions to 72 percent

in the Pacific Southwest subregion (figure 22).

Figure 22 — Trends in area of timberland in the West by stand-size class, 1953-1997.

Figure 21 — Trends in area of timberland in the East by stand-size class, 1953-1997.

27
Cull trees

6%

Sound dead trees

2%

Growing-stock 

trees

92%

The Nation’s timberland contains an estimated 906 billion

cubic feet of timber, of which 92 percent is in growingstock—live, sound trees suited for roundwood products

(table 17 and figure 23). About 6 percent of all timber

volume is in live cull trees that are not suited for roundwood

products because of poor form or rot. Only 2 percent of the

volume of all timber is in dead trees that are sound enough to

have value for some commercial product uses. Softwood

species have a higher proportion (95 percent) of all timber

volume in growing-stock than hardwood species do (88

percent). The remainder of this discussion of timber volume

will focus on growing-stock volume.

Timber Volume

rose by 76 percent, and in the Rocky Mountain region, it

increased by 27 percent. In the Pacific Coast region, average

net volume per acre increased by only 2 percent. This was

due in part to the harvest of mature timber on timberland

with high volumes per acre and in part to withdrawals of

Federal timberland with mature timber.

The Nation’s softwood growing-stock volume totals 484

billion cubic feet or 58 percent of all growing-stock (figure

24b). Softwood volume is up 3.5 percent since 1987.

Declines occurred in the South (down 1 percent) and Alaska

(down 20 percent). Softwood volume increased by 4 percent

in the North and by 14 percent in the Rocky Mountain

region.

Softwood growing-stock is concentrated in the West; the

Pacific Coast region alone accounts for 44 percent of all

softwood growing-stock, despite its relatively small timberland base. The West contains stands that have high per acre

volumes. Many of the younger, mature forests in the Pacific

Coast region have higher per acre volumes due to the higher

productivity of their sites. Most of the remainder of softwood

timber is evenly distributed between the South and the

Rocky Mountain regions. The North has 6 percent of the

total.

There were 352 billion cubic feet of hardwood growingstock volume on timberland in 1997, up almost 12 percent

since 1987 (table 23 and figure 24c). Hardwoods account for

42 percent of all growing-stock volume in the United States.

Ninety percent of all hardwood timber volume is in the

Eastern United States, almost evenly distributed between the

North and the South regions. Most of the remaining hardwood volume is in the Pacific Coast region.

Ownership

Because of many factors, including history of use, land

productivity, and degree of management, the timber volumes

are distributed unevenly among owners (table 25 and figures

25a, 25b, and 25c). National forests, which account for only

19 percent of the Nation’s timberland, have 30 percent of all

growing-stock volume and 46 percent of all softwood

growing-stock volume. The national forests, however, have

proportionately less hardwood volume than the other owner

groups.

Other public owners—States, Federal agencies other than the

Forest Service, counties and municipalities—account for

about 10 percent of all growing stock, 58 percent of which is

Figure 23 — Distribution of standing volume on timberland by class of timber.

The South, which had a 5-percent increase in total volume

between 1987 and 1997, experienced a 3-percent gain in

volume on a per acre basis. In the North, total volume

increased by 13 percent compared to a 9-percent increase in

volume per acre. Pacific Coast volume registered a 0.3-

percent gain, and volume per acre increased by 7 percent.

The Rocky Mountain region saw a 16-percent gain in total

volume, but no change in per acre volume.

Because growth has exceeded harvest since the 1950s,

volume on U.S. timberland has increased since that time

(tables 18 and 19 and figure 24a). Net volume per acre

increased between 1953 and 1997 in all major regions. In the

North, average net volume per acre increased by 100 percent

between 1953 and 1997. In the South, net volume per acre

28
-

50

100

150

200

North South Rocky

Mountain

Billion cubic feet

Pacific Coast

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

-

50

100

150

200

250

300

North South Rocky

Mountain

Pacific Coast

Billion cubic feet

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

North South Rocky

Mountain

Pacific Coast

Cubic feet per acre

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

Figure 24a — Trend in average growing-stock volume per acre on timberland by

region.

Figure 24b — Trend in total softwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by

region.

Figure 24c — Trend in total hardwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by

region.

29
-

50

100

150

200

250

300

National Forest Other public Forest Industry Nonindustrial

private

Billion cubic feet

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

-

50

100

150

200

250

National Forest Other public Forest Industry Nonindustrial

private

Billion cubic feet

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

National

Forest

Other public Forest

industry 

 Nonindustrial

private

Cubic feet per acre

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997

Figure 25a — Trend in average growing-stock volume per acre on timberland by

owner group.

Figure 25b — Trend in total softwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by

owner group.

Figure 25c — Trend in total hardwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by

owner group.

30
- 20 40 60 80 100 120

Other yellow pines

Spruce/balsam fir

White/red pines

Engelmann/other spruce

Lodgepole pine

Western hemlock

Ponderosa/Jeffrey pines

True firs

Loblolly/shortleaf pines

Douglas-fir

Billion cubic feet

- 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Beech

Tupelo & black gum

Cottonwood & aspen

Sweetgum

Hickory

Yellow-poplar

Hard maple

Soft maple

White oaks

Red oaks

Billion cubic feet

softwoods. The hardwood volume in this category is concentrated in the North, and softwood volume is mostly in the

West, with the largest share in Oregon and Washington.

Forest industries own about 12 percent of all growing-stock

volume in the United States, and 14 percent of all softwood

volume. Softwood growing-stock volume on forest industry

lands has declined by 9 percent to 66 billion cubic feet since

1987, continuing a trend that goes back at least to 1953, the

first year data are available. Hardwood growing-stock

volume declined (8 percent) on forest industry ownerships in

the South for the first time since 1953 when data first

became available. Inventory turnover, the rate of harvest and

replacement of timber inventories, is higher on forest

industry land than on other ownerships.

Nonindustrial private timberland

accounts for 47 percent of all

growing-stock volume in the

United States. This owner group

controls 30 percent of all

softwood timber and 72 percent

of all hardwood timber. Both

softwood and hardwood timber

volume in this owner group is

concentrated in the Eastern

United States—softwoods in the

Northeast, Southeast, and South

Central subregions and hardwoods throughout the East.

Species

Douglas-fir is the most abundant

softwood species; it totals 113

billion cubic feet or over onefifth of all softwood growingstock volume in the United

States (figure 26 and tables 26,

27, and 28). Sixty-two percent of

all Douglas-fir volume is in the

Pacific Northwest subregion.

Other top 10 softwood species in

order of volume abundance are

loblolly and shortleaf pines (70

billion cubic feet), true firs (49

billion cubic feet), ponderosa

and Jeffrey pines (39 billion

cubic feet), western hemlock (32

billion cubic feet), lodgepole

pine (27 billion cubic feet), Engelmann and other western

spruces (23 billion cubic feet), eastern white and red pines

(17 billion cubic feet), longleaf and slash pines (16 billion

cubic feet), and eastern spruces and balsam fir (14 billion

cubic feet).

Of the top 10 hardwood species, all are found mainly in the

East except for cottonwood and aspen, which span the

continent (figure 27 and forest type group map). Oak is by

far the most common genus, accounting for 108 billion cubic

feet, or 31 percent of the hardwood volume. The maples,

next in abundance, are one of the fastest growing components of the hardwood resource. Soft and hard maples

together account for 54 billion cubic feet, or 15 percent of all

hardwoods. Soft maple volume has tripled since 1953.

Figure 26 — Ten softwood species groups with most growing-stock volume, 1997.

Figure 27 — Ten hardwood species groups with most growing-stock volume, 1997.

31
-

10

20

30

40

50

60

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 29+

Midpoint diameter class (inches)

Billion cubic feet

1953 1977 1997

-

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 29+

Midpoint diameter class (inches)

Billion cubic feet

1953 1977 1997

As eastern forests continue to age, species with intermediate

tolerance like yellow-poplar are increasing rapidly. Yellowpoplar volume has increased by 31 percent since 1987 and

by nearly 300 percent since 1953.

The use of western hardwoods is growing. Red alder, with an

inventory of nearly 8 billion cubic feet, has had a substantial

increase in use in recent years as stocks have declined

slightly (8.3 percent) since 1987. It is located almost entirely

in western Oregon and Washington. The aspens in Colorado

and other States in the Rocky Mountain region are also

locally important for the manufacture of timber products and

for the enjoyment of tourists when colors change in the fall.

Diameter Distribution

The distribution of growingstock volume by diameter

classes provides information on

forest structure that has value to

those interested in timber,

wildlife, and aesthetic resources.

Since 1953, the net volume of

U.S. hardwoods increased by 91

percent, and the volume of

hardwoods in diameter classes

19 inches or greater more than

doubled—from 26 to 57 billion

cubic feet. For softwoods, the

net volume increased by 12

percent between 1953 and 1997,

and the volume of softwoods in

diameter classes 19 inches or

greater declined by 21 percent.

For trees from 5.0 inches to 20.9

inches in diameter, the patterns

are similar for hardwoods and

softwoods (figures 28 and 29),

volume rises quickly to a peak

in the 9- to 11-inch range and

then declines with increasing

size (tables 30, 31, and 32).

Hardwoods continue this trend

with little volume in very large

trees. Softwood volume, in

contrast, rises after 21 inches to

another peak. The pattern in

diameter distribution varied little between 1987 and 1997.

Twenty-nine percent of softwood volume and 11 percent of

hardwood volume was in trees 21.0 inches diameter and

larger in 1997, compared to 29 percent for softwoods and 9

percent for hardwoods in 1987.

The diameter distribution also reflects regional differences

(figure 30). The Rocky Mountain region has the most even

distribution across diameter classes. The Pacific Coast region

exhibits the softwood pattern most prominently, with big

jumps in volume in the largest size classes.

Figure 28 — Distribution of softwood growing-stock volume by diameter class,

1953, 1977, and 1997.

Figure 29 — Distribution of hardwood growing-stock volume by diameter class,

32 1953, 1977, and 1997.
-

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 29+

Midpoint diameter class (inches)

Billion cubic feet

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Figure 30 — Distribution of growing-stock volume by region and diameter class, 1997.

33
0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

Percent of growing-stock inventory

National forest Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial private

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

Percent of growing-stock inventory

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Timber inventories are snapshots of a dynamic process. This

part of the report focuses on a comparison of national

snapshots of the elements of change within forests—

mortality, growth, and harvest.

Mortality

Timber mortality is commonly defined as the average annual

net volume of timber dying over a given time due to natural

causes, such as insects, disease, suppression, fire, and

windthrow. Mortality is a part of every forest. Usually, losses

due to native insects, disease, and suppression occur at low

and predictable rates. Little of this type of timber loss is

harvested because the dead trees

are widely scattered and do not

provide concentrations of timber

volume sufficient to support a

profitable harvest operation.

Timber volume loss to mortality

can also occur in high concentrations in localized areas,

through epidemic insect infestations such as gypsy moth and

spruce budworm, wildfire,

windstorms, and geologic events

such as earthquakes or volcanic

activity. Timber killed, but not

destroyed, in such catastrophic

events is often salvaged and

utilized for timber products.

Salvaged timber is usually not

inventoried as mortality and

appears in data tables as part of

removals.

Loss of growing stock to

mortality totaled 6.3 billion

cubic feet in 1996 (table 33),

about 0.76 percent of the

growing-stock volume in the

United States. The distribution

of mortality is consistent and

very predictable, absent periodic

catastrophes. In 1986, mortality

amounted to 0.59 percent of

growing stock with variation by

region and owner (figures 31

and 32). For both softwoods and hardwoods, and for each

owner group, the mortality rate (mortality loss as a percent of

growing stock) in 1996 ranged between 0.61 and 0.85

percent. Mortality as a percent of inventory generally

increased between 1986 and 1996 for all regions and all

ownerships. For the United States as a whole, growing-stock

mortality averages 12 cubic feet per acre annually. The

mortality was highest in the Pacific Coast region, averaging

about 18 cubic feet per acre annually, and lowest in the

North, averaging about 10 cubic feet per acre per year.

Elements of Change in Timber Volume

Figure 31 — Mortality as a percent of growing-stock volume by Region, 1997.

Figure 32 — Mortality as a percent of growing-stock volume by owner group, 1997.

34

Percent of growing-stock inventory Percent of growing-stock inventory
-

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

Cubic feet per acre per year

National forest Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial private

-

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Cubic feet per acre per year

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

Net Growth

Net growth is a commonly used measure of productivity and

performance of timber resources. Net annual growth is

annual growing-stock timber volume growth, usually

averaged over a period of time, less the volume lost through

mortality and increase in cull volume. In other words, it is

the net effect of natural gains and losses to growing-stock

volume.

Net annual growth totaled 23.5 billion cubic feet in 1996

(table 34); annual growth rate was 2.8 percent. Fifty-five

percent of all net annual growth, and nearly three-quarters of

all hardwood net annual growth, was on nonindustrial private

timberland. Forest industry accounted for 19 percent of all

net annual growth and for 25 percent of all softwood net

annual growth. These percentages are much larger than the

industry’s proportionate share of timberland and timber

volume.

On a per acre basis, net annual growth on forest industry

timberlands averaged 65 cubic feet annually, higher than on

any other ownership (figure 33). This reflects the high

productivity of timberland in this owner group, as well as the

younger age of timber, higher stocking levels, and more

intensive levels of management applied to these lands

compared with other lands. For example, national forests are

generally composed of lands of poorer productivity and

many old stands with relatively slow growth. As a consequence, they have the lowest per acre growth of any owner

group (43 cubic feet). Nevertheless, some significant areas of

both high growth and high

productivity do occur on

national forest lands, particularly

in the Pacific Coast region, and,

to a lesser extent, in the South.

Timber growth varies by region

(figure 34). The South accounts

for over 45 percent of all timber

growth, 44 percent of softwood

growth, and 47 percent of

hardwood growth. The South

and North regions combined

account for nearly all (89

percent) of the total hardwood

growth. The Rocky Mountain

and Pacific Coast regions

combined have 48 percent of all

softwood growth despite having

68 percent of all softwood

volume. This is due in part to the

higher concentrations of older,

slower growing softwood stands

in the West.

On a per acre basis for all

species, the Pacific Coast region

has the highest rate of growth

(69 cubic feet per acre per year)

of all regions of the country. The

Rocky Mountain and North

regions have the lowest per acre

growth rates of about 34 cubic

feet per acre per year.

Figure 33 — Average annual growing-stock growth per acre by owner group,

Figure 34 — Average annual growing-stock growth per acre by region, 1952-1996. 35
0

2

4

6

8

10

12

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Billion cubic feet

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

National forest Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial private

Billion cubic feet

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

Total growing-stock growth increased by about 4 percent

between 1986 and 1996. The increase was 5.5 percent for

hardwoods and 3 percent for softwoods. Small declines

occurred for softwoods and hardwoods on other public

timberland and for hardwoods on forest industry timberlands.

For hardwoods, net annual growth increased in the North,

South, and Rocky Mountain regions and decreased in the

Pacific Coast region. For the Pacific Coast region, this is the

first recorded decline in net annual growing-stock growth of

hardwoods since 1952 when data were first published.

Net growth per acre increased

by 0.1 percent in the Pacific

Coast region. Per acre net annual

growth in the South remains

relatively high, with an increase

since 1986. Per acre net annual

growth has been stable in the

Rocky Mountain region. Per

acre net annual growth in the

North declined by about 6

percent since 1986.

Removals of Timber

Volume

Removals from timber inventories are losses that occur by

other than natural causes

(mortality). Removals from

growing-stock volume include:

(1) harvest of roundwood

products; (2) logging residues;

and (3) other removals, such as

pre-commercial thinning, and

land clearing with resultant

removal of timber. Not included

are removals on timberlands

withdrawn for parks and

wilderness. We have focused

here on timber removals from

growing-stock inventory on

timberland that are or can be

potentially used for wood

products.

Timber removals from growing-stock inventory in 1996

totaled 16.0 billion cubic feet (table 35). Almost 64 percent

of all timber removals came from the forests of the South,

which continued to increase its share of removals in the

United States—up from 51 percent in 1986 and 47 percent in

1976 (figure 35). Sixteen percent of all removals came from

the Pacific Coast forests; 17 percent came from the North,

and the remaining 3 percent came from forests in the Rocky

Mountain region.

Softwoods accounted for 63 percent of all growing-stock

removals in 1996. The forests of the South accounted for 64

Figure 36 — Trends in timber removals from growing stock by major owner group,

1962-1996.

36

Figure 35 — Trends in timber removals from growing stock by region, 1962-1996.
percent of all softwood removals, the Pacific Coast 24

percent, the Rocky Mountains 5 percent, and the North 7

percent. Hardwood removals in 1996 were centered in the

North and South, which accounted for 35 and 62 percent of

the United States total, respectively.

Nonindustrial private owners had 59 percent of all timber

removals, and industrial forests contributed another 30

percent (figure 36). National forests accounted for 5 percent

of total growing-stock removals, and the other public

category had 6 percent of total removals in 1996. The

national forest total marks a decline from the 13-percent

share of total removals this ownership held in 1986.

Forest industry accounted for 37 percent of all softwood

removals, nonindustrial private 52 percent, national forests 6

percent, and other public 5 percent. Hardwood removals

came primarily from nonindustrial private forests (73

percent), predominantly in the East.

Removals in 1996 were 0.4 percent higher than in 1986.

Average timber harvest levels have risen each decade since

the 1950s.

Hardwood removals in 1996 were higher than in 1986 by

nearly 19 percent while softwood removals declined 8

percent. Total removals from national forests declined by 62

percent between 1986 and 1996, softwood removals dropped

by 69 percent, and hardwood removals increased by 27

percent. Much of the decrease was the result of administrative appeals and litigation associated with issues related to

biodiversity protection and maintenance of habitat for

threatened, endangered, and sensitive species. Removals

from other public lands were 12 percent lower in 1996 than

in 1986. Removals from nonindustrial private lands increased by 17 percent, and forest industry registered a 6-

percent decline. Softwood removals were down 13 percent

while hardwood removals rose 29 percent on forest industry

lands.

In the North, removals changed little between 1986 and

1996. In the South, there was a 24-percent increase, with

removals increasing in both subregions. In the Rocky

Mountain and Pacific Coast regions, removals declined by

39 percent in each region, primarily because of reductions in

timber harvest on Federal lands.

37
0

1

2

3

4

5

6

National

forests

Other public Forest

industry

Nonindustrial

private

All owners

Growth-removal ratio

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

0

1

2

3

4

5

North South Rocky

Mountain

Pacific

Coast

United

States

Growth-removal ratio

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

-

1

1

2

2

3

Growth-removal ratio

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

Softwoods Hardwoods All species

From available data, the growth-removal ratio is a coarsefilter measure that approximates the notion of sustainable

production: If the Nation is

growing more wood than it is

cutting, this ratio implies that

current levels of wood production are sustainable. Growth is

assumed to be a measure of

sustainable output. However, the

indicator conveys no information about quality, forest types,

size, and other attributes of

forest inventory, growth, and

harvest (figure 37). Data for the

Nation as a whole indicate that

net annual growth exceeds

removals for both softwoods and

hardwoods (table 36). In total,

the ratio of net annual growth to

removals was 1.47 in 1996. The

ratio increased for softwoods

from 1986 to 1996, reflecting in

part decreased harvest on

Federal lands.

Especially noteworthy trends

include an increase in the ratio

for softwoods in the Pacific

Coast region and a decrease in

this ratio in the South (figure

38). The increase in the Pacific

Coast region reflects decreased

harvesting on public lands and

increased growth on timber

stands that were regenerated

after harvest during the past

century. The decrease in the

South reflects increased harvesting, especially during the past

25 years. Current growth

measures in the South do not

reflect anticipated growth on

millions of acres of plantations

expected to reach maturity over

the coming decades.

The current ratios by ownership

exceed 1.0 for all owner groups

except forest industry (0.92)

(figure 39). The 1996 growthremovals ratio is 5.0 for national

forests; 2.29 for other public

Timber Growth—Removal Balances

Figure 39 — Growth-removal ratios by timberland ownership group, 1952-1996.

Figure 38 — Growth-removal ratios by major region, 1952-1996.

forests; and 1.36 for all species on nonindustrial private

forests (1.4 for softwoods and 1.75 for hardwoods).

38

Figure 37 — Growth-removal ratios by softwoods and hardwoods, 1952-1996. Growth-removal ratio Growth-removal ratio
 Saw logs

 Veneer logs

 Pulpwood*

Other products

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

Billion cubic feet

*Includes composite products

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1962 1976 1986 1996

Billion cubic feet

Roundwood products Logging residues Other removals

Products from Growing Stock and Other

Sources

Making products from roundwood has evolved over time. In

the 1700s and 1800s, the uses of wood for fuel, fences, and

railroad cross ties were especially important at various times.

Over the past decades, the use of wood has continued to

evolve as new products have been developed, applications

have changed, and uses have waxed or waned. Pulpwood as

a percent of the roundwood harvest on timberland increased

from 15.7 percent in 1952 to 30.7 percent in 1996, for

example (figure 40).

Attention is focused on roundwood products from growing

stock because this harvest affects growing-stock inventories.

These inventories are tracked

and studied because of their

commercial importance.

However, roundwood products

also are made from such

nongrowing-stock sources as

dead trees, live cull trees that are

largely rotten or are rough in

form, very small trees, trees of

seldom used species, and trees

from nonforest land (fencerows,

etc.).

In 1996, roundwood products

from all domestic sources in the

United States totaled 16.4 billion

cubic feet, of which growingstock trees accounted for 84

percent (table 39 and figure 41).

Nine percent of all softwood

roundwood products came from

non-growing stock. The situation was different for hardwoods, however, where 26

percent of roundwood products

came from non-growing stock

sources.

Saw logs accounted for the

largest share of roundwood

harvested in 1996—43 percent.

This roundwood product, used in

the production of lumber,

accounted for 51 percent of all

softwood harvested and 31

percent of all hardwood harvest.

Pulpwood roundwood (including composite products)

accounted for 33 percent of total timber harvest in the United

States in 1996. Almost 57 percent of the pulpwood harvested

was softwoods. Ninety-eight percent of all pulpwood

roundwood was harvested in the Eastern United States—the

South accounts for 77 percent. Although the Pacific Coast

region has a substantial pulp industry, most of the wood raw

material is from chips produced as the byproduct of lumber

manufacturing.

Veneer logs accounted for 8 percent of the roundwood

harvested, while other products such as cooperage, mine

timbers, poles, pilings, posts, shakes, shingles, and logs for

export accounted for the remaining 2 percent. Softwoods

dominated both veneer logs and other products—87 and 97

Timber Products Output

Figure 41 — Disposition of growing stock harvested for products, 1962-1996.

Figure 40 — Growing stock harvested for products, 1952-1996.

39
percent, respectively. The South and Pacific Coast regions

together produced over 90 percent of all veneer logs harvested in 1996. Forty-six percent of the harvest for other

products was concentrated in the Pacific Coast, and was

mostly logs for export.

Logging Residues

Logging resides are materials removed from growing stock

in the process of timber harvest, which are left unutilized at

the harvest site. Since 1986, the proportion of softwoods left

as logging residues has decreased from 16 to 11 percent. The

volume of hardwood logging residue as a percent of total

hardwood removals increased from 17.1 to 22 percent (table

40). In the Pacific Coast region, logging residues were 11

percent of total removals. In the South and North, logging

residues were 12 and 27 percent, respectively, of total

removals.

In the eastern part of the United States, hardwood logging

residues totaled 2.0 billion cubic feet, and accounted for 27

percent and 18 percent of hardwood removals in the North

and South, respectively. Softwood logging residue in the

South amounted to 8 percent of softwood removals.

Other Removals

Other removals consist largely of growing stock cut and

burned or otherwise destroyed in the process of converting

forest land to nonforest uses. Another source of other

removals is growing stock removed in forestry cultural

operations such as precommercial thinning. In 1996, 6

percent of all growing-stock removals fell into this other

removals category. Only 4 percent of softwood removals

were in this category, but 10 percent of hardwood removals

were so classified. Ninety-eight percent of the hardwood

growing stock lost to other removals was in the South and

the North. The losses in both regions were due largely to

conversion of forests to various nonforest land uses such as

residential subdivisions.

Most of the softwood growing stock classified as other

removals in 1996 was in the South (96 percent). This likely

was scattered softwoods in predominately hardwood stands

that were converted to nonforest uses.

When timberland is converted to nonforest use, some wood

raw material is usually destroyed in the process. But wood

that is valuable for manufacturing products, if in economic

concentrations, is often utilized and is included in the

roundwood products category of removals.

40
Bailey, Robert G. 1995. Description of the ecoregions of

the United States. Misc. Publ. 1391. Washington,

DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service. 108 p. + map.

Birch, Thomas W. 1996. Private forest land owners of the

United States, 1994. Resour. Bull. NE-134.

Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station.

183 p.

Butler, M.A.; Beale, C.L. 1993. Rural-urban continuum

codes for metro and non-metro counties, 1993.

Staff Report. U.S. Department of Agriculture,

Economic Research Service, Agriculture and Rural

economy division.

Clawson, M. 1979. Forests in the long sweep of American

history. Science. 204: 1168-1174.

Eyre, F.H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United

States and Canada. Bethesda, MD: Society of

American Foresters. 148 p. +1 map sheet.

Fedkiw, J. 1989. The evolving use and management of the

nation’s forests, grasslands, croplands, and

related resources. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-175. Fort

Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range

Experiment Station. 66 p.

Frederick, K.D.; Sedjo, R.A., eds. 1991. America’s renewable resources: historical trends and current

challenges. Washington, DC: Resources for the

Future. 296 p.

Kellogg, R.S. 1909. The timber supply of the United

States. For. Resour. Circ. 166. Washington, DC:

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.

24 p.

Little, Elbert L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees

(native and naturalized). Agric. Handb. 541.

Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture,

Forest Service. 375 p.

MacCleery, Douglas W. 1992. American forests: a history

of resiliency and recovery. FS-540. Washington,

DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service. 58 p.

May, Dennis M. 1998. The North Central Forest Inventory and Analysis timber product output base—a

regional composite approach. Gen. Tech. Rep.

NC-200. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research

Station. 16 p.

Oswald, Daniel D. 1990. Chapter 3—Domestic timber

resources. In: Haynes, Richard W., coord. An

analysis of the timber situation in the United States:

1989-2040. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-199. Fort Collins,

CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range

Experiment Station: 43-58.

Powell, Douglas S.; Faulkner, Joanne L.; Darr, David R.;

Shu, Zhilang; MacCleery, Douglas W. 1994. Forest

resources of the United States, 1992. Gen. Tech.

Rep. RM-234. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest

and Range Experiment Station. 132 p.

Shands, W.E. 1991. The lands nobody wanted: the legacy

of the eastern national forests. Presented at the

symposium, The origins and significance of the

national forests; 1991 June 20-22; Missoula, MT:

University of Montana.

Siry, J. 2001. TIMOS southern forest lands management

survey—preliminary results. Presentation given at

the annual Southern Forest Resource Assessment

Consortium (SOFAC) meeting; 2001 February 8-9;

Research Triangle Park, NC. Available from

Department of Forestry, North Carolina State

University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8008.

Smith, W. Brad. 1991. Assessing removals for North

Central forest inventories. Res. Pap. NC-299. St.

Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station.

48 p.

Steen, Harold K. 1976. The U.S. Forest Service: a history.

Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.

U.S. Congress. 1938. Data presented in the Report of the

Joint Committee on Forestry. 77th Congress, 1st

Session. Document No. 32.

References

41
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1958.

Timber resource for America’s future. For.

Resour. Rep. 14. Washington, DC: U.S. Department

of Agriculture, Forest Service. 713 p.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1965.

Timber trends in the United States. For. Resour.

Rep. 17. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service. 235 p.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1982.

Analysis of the timber situation in the United

States, 1952-2030. For. Resour. Rep. 23. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest

Service. 499 p.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Annual.

Tree planting in the United States. Washington,

DC: Cooperative Forestry, State and Private

Forestry.

Waddell, Karen L.; Oswald, Daniel D.; Powell, Douglas S.

1989. Forest statistics of the United States, 1987.

Resour. Bull. PNW-168. Portland, OR: U.S.

Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific

Northwest Research Station. 106 p.

Williams, M. 1989. Americans and their forests: an

historical geography. New York, NY: Cambridge

University Press.

Zhu, Zhiliang; Evans, David L. 1992. Mapping midsouth

forest distributions with AVHRR data. Journal of

Forestry. 90(12): 27-30.

42
Annual mortality—The average annual volume of sound

wood in growing-stock trees that died from natural causes

during the period between inventories.

Annual removals—The net volume of growing-stock trees

removed from the inventory during a specified year by

harvesting, cultural operations such as timber stand improvement, or land clearing.

Bureau of Land Management (BLM)—An ownership

class of Federal lands administered by the Bureau of Land

Management, U.S. Department of the Interior.

Coarse materials—Wood residues suitable for chipping,

such as slabs, edgings, and trimmings.

Commercial species—Tree species suitable for industrial

wood products.

County and municipal—An ownership class of public lands

owned by counties or local public agencies, or lands leased

by these governmental units for more than 50 years.

Cull tree—A live tree, 5.0 inches in diameter at breast height

(d.b.h.) or larger, that is unmerchantable for saw logs now or

prospectively because of rot, roughness, or species. (See

definitions for rotten and rough trees.)

Diameter class—A classification of trees based on diameter

outside bark measured at breast height (4-1/2 feet above

ground). D.b.h. is the common abbreviation for “diameter at

breast height.” With 2-inch diameter classes, the 6-inch class,

for example, includes trees 5.0 through 6.9 inches d.b.h.

Federal—An ownership class of public lands owned by the

U.S. Government.

Fiber products—Products derived from wood and bark

residues, such as pulp, composition board products, and

wood chips for export.

Fine materials—Wood residues not suitable for chipping,

such as planer shavings and sawdust.

Forest industry—An ownership class of private lands

owned by companies or individuals operating wood-using

plants.

Glossary

Forest land—Land at least 10 percent stocked by forest

trees of any size, including land that formerly had such tree

cover and that will be naturally or artificially regenerated.

Forest land includes transition zones, such as areas between

heavily forested and nonforested lands that are at least 10

percent stocked with forest trees and forest areas adjacent to

urban and built-up lands. Also included are pinyon-juniper

and chaparral areas in the West and afforested areas. The

minimum area for classification of forest land is 1 acre.

Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of trees must

have a crown width of at least 120 feet to qualify as forest

land. Unimproved roads and trails, streams, and clearings in

forest areas are classified as forest if less than 120 feet wide.

Forest type—A classification of forest land based on the

species presently forming a plurality of the live-tree stocking.

Forest type group—A combination of forest types that share

closely associated species or site requirements and are

generally combined for brevity of reporting.

Major eastern forest type groups:

White-red-jack pine—Forests in which eastern white

pine, red pine, or jack pine, singly or in combination,

comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates

include hemlock, aspen, birch, and maple.

Spruce-fir—Forests in which spruce or true firs, singly

or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking.

Common associates include white cedar, tamarack,

maple, birch, and hemlock.

Longleaf-slash pine—Forests in which longleaf or slash

pine, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of

the stocking. Common associates include other southern

pines, oak, and gum.

Loblolly-shortleaf pine—Forests in which loblolly

pine, shortleaf pine, or southern yellow pines, except

longleaf or slash pine, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates

include oak, hickory, and gum.

Oak-pine—Forests in which hardwoods (usually upland

oaks) comprise a plurality of the stocking, but in which

pine or eastern redcedar comprises 25-50 percent of the

stocking. Common associates include gum, hickory, and

yellow-poplar.

43
Oak-hickory—Forests in which upland oaks or hickory,

singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the

stocking except where pines comprise 25-50 percent, in

which case the stand is classified as oak-pine. Common

associates include yellow-poplar, elm, maple, and black

walnut.

Oak-gum-cypress—Bottomland forests in which

tupelo, blackgum, sweetgum, oaks, or southern cypress,

singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the

stocking except where pines comprise 25-50 percent, in

which case the stand is classified as oak-pine. Common

associates include cottonwood, willow, ash, elm,

hackberry, and maple.

Elm-ash-cottonwood—Forests in which elm, ash, or

cottonwood, singly or in combination, comprise a

plurality of the stocking. Common associates include

willow, sycamore, beech, and maple.

Maple-beech-birch—Forests in which maple, beech, or

yellow birch, singly or in combination, comprise a

plurality of the stocking. Common associates include

hemlock, elm, basswood, and white pine.

Aspen-birch—Forests in which aspen, balsam poplar,

paper birch, or gray birch, singly or in combination,

comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates

include maple and balsam fir.

Major western forest type groups:

Douglas-fir—Forests in which Douglas-fir comprises a

plurality of the stocking. Common associates include

western hemlock, western redcedar, the true firs,

redwood, ponderosa pine, and larch.

Hemlock-Sitka spruce—Forests in which western

hemlock and/or Sitka spruce comprise a plurality of the

stocking. Common associates include Douglas-fir, silver

fir, and western redcedar.

Redwood—Forests in which redwood comprises a

plurality of the stocking. Common associates include

Douglas-fir, grand fir, and tanoak.

Ponderosa pine—Forests in which ponderosa pine

comprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include Jeffrey pine, sugar pine, limber pine,

Arizona pine, Apache pine, Chihuahua pine, Douglasfir, incense-cedar, and white fir.

Western white pine—Forests in which western white

pine comprises a plurality of the stocking. Common

associates include western redcedar, larch, white fir,

Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, and Engelmann spruce.

Lodgepole pine—Forests in which lodgepole pine

comprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include alpine fir, western white pine, Engelmann

spruce, aspen, and larch.

Larch—Forests in which western larch comprises a

plurality of the stocking. Common associates include

Douglas-fir, grand fir, western redcedar, and western

white pine.

Fir-spruce—Forests in which true firs, Engelmann

spruce, or Colorado blue spruce, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common

associates include mountain hemlock and lodgepole

pine.

Western hardwoods—Forests in which aspen, red

alder, or other western hardwoods, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking.

Chaparral—Forests of heavily branched, dwarfed trees

or shrubs, usually evergreen, the crown canopy of which

at maturity covers more than 50 percent of the ground

and whose primary value is watershed protection. The

more common chaparral constituents are species of

Quercus, Cercocarpus, Garrya, Ceanothus, Arctostaphylos, and Adenostoma. Types dominated by such

shrubs as Artemisia, Chrysothamnus, Purshia,

Gutierrezia, or semidesert species are not commonly

considered chaparral.

Pinyon-juniper—Forests in which pinyon or juniper, or

both, comprise a plurality of the stocking.

Other softwoods—Forests in which other softwood

species not mentioned above comprise a plurality of the

stocking. These are primarily black spruce forests in

interior Alaska.

Fuelwood—Wood used for conversion to some form of

energy, primarily in residential use.

Growing stock—A classification of timber inventory that

includes live trees of commercial species meeting specified

standards of quality or vigor. Cull trees are excluded. When

associated with volume, includes only trees 5.0 inches d.b.h.

and larger. 44
Hardwood—A dicotyledonous tree, usually broad-leaved

and deciduous.

Industrial wood—All commercial roundwood products

except fuelwood.

International 1/4-inch rule—A log rule, or formula, for

estimating the board-foot volume of logs. The mathematical

formula is:

 (0.22D2 - 0.17D)(0.904762) ,

for 4-foot sections, where D = diameter inside bark at the

small end of the section.

Land area—The area of dry land and land temporarily or

partly covered by water, such as marshes, swamps, and river

flood plains; streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals less than

200 feet wide; and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 4.5

acres in area.

Live cull—A classification that includes live, cull trees.

When associated with volume, it is the net volume in live,

cull trees that are 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger.

Logging residues—The unused portions of growing-stock

trees cut or killed by logging and left in the woods.

Lowland forest types— Generally refers to the elm-ashcottonwood and oak-gum-cypress forest types.

National forest—An ownership class of Federal lands,

designated by Executive order or statute as national forests

or purchase units, and other lands under the administration of

the Forest Service including experimental areas and

Bankhead-Jones Title III lands.

Native American land—(a) Lands held in trust by the

United States or individual States for Native American tribes

or individual Native Americans; (b) Lands owned in fee by

Native American tribes whether subject to Federal or State

restrictions against alienation or not.

Net annual growth—The average annual net increase in the

volume of trees during the period between inventories.

Components include the increment in net volume of trees at

the beginning of the specific year surviving to its end, plus

the net volume of trees reaching the minimum size class

during the year, minus the volume of trees that died during

the year, and minus the net volume of trees that became cull

trees during the year.

Net volume in board feet—The gross board-foot volume of

the saw log portion of live sawtimber trees less deductions

for rot or other defect affecting use for lumber.

Net volume in cubic feet—The gross volume in cubic feet

less deductions for rot, roughness, and poor form. Volume is

computed for the central stem from a 1-foot stump to a

minimum 4.0-inch top diameter outside bark, or to the point

where the central stem breaks into limbs.

Noncommercial species—Tree species of typically small

size, poor form, or inferior quality, which normally do not

develop into trees suitable for industrial wood products.

Nonforest land—Land that has never supported forests and

lands formerly forested where use of timber management is

precluded by development for other uses. (Note: Includes

area used for crops, improved pasture, residential areas, city

parks, improved roads of any width and adjoining clearings,

powerline clearings of any width, and 1- to 4.5-acre areas of

water classified by the Bureau of the Census as land. If

intermingled in forest areas, unimproved roads and nonforest

strips must be more than 120 feet wide, and clearings, etc.,

must be more than 1 acre in area, to qualify as nonforest

land.)

Nonindustrial private—An ownership class of private lands

where the owner does not operate wood-using plants.

Nonstocked areas—Timberland less than 10 percent

stocked with all live trees.

Other Federal—An ownership class of Federal lands other

than those administered by the Forest Service or the Bureau

of Land Management. This category includes the National

Park Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, Departments of

Defense and Energy, and miscellaneous Federal ownerships.

Other forest land—Forest land other than timberland and

productive reserved forest land. It includes available forest

land, which is incapable of annually producing 20 cubic feet

per acre of industrial wood under natural conditions because

of adverse site conditions such as sterile soils, dry climate,

poor drainage, high elevation, steepness, or rockiness.

Other land—Nonforest land less the area in streams,

sloughs, estuaries, and canals between 120 and 200 feet wide

and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds between 1 and 4.5 acres in

area.

45
Other private—An ownership class of private lands that are

not owned by forest industry or farmers.

Other products—A miscellaneous category of roundwood

products that includes such items as cooperage, pilings,

poles, posts, shakes, shingles, board mills, charcoal, and

export logs.

Other public—An ownership class that includes all public

lands except national forests. This category generally

includes State, county, and municipal ownerships.

Other red oaks—A group of species in the genus Quercus

that includes scarlet oak, northern pin oak, southern red oak,

bear oak, shingle oak, laurel oak, blackjack oak, water oak,

pin oak, willow oak, and black oak.

Other removals—Unutilized wood volume from cut or

otherwise killed growing-stock, from cultural operations

such as precommercial thinnings, or from timberland

clearing. Does not include volume removed from inventory

through reclassification of timberland to productive reserved

forest land.

Other sources—Sources of roundwood products that are

non-growing-stock. These include salvable dead trees, rough

and rotten trees, trees of noncommercial species, trees less

than 5.0 inches d.b.h., tops, and roundwood harvested from

nonforest land (for example, fence rows).

Other white oaks—A group of species in the genus Quercus

that includes overcup oak, chestnut oak, and post oak.

Ownership—The property owned by one ownership unit,

including all parcels of land in the United States.

Ownership unit—A classification of ownership encompassing all types of legal entities having an ownership interest in

land, regardless of the number of people involved. A unit

may be an individual; a combination of persons; a legal

entity such as a corporation, partnership, club, or trust; or a

public agency. An ownership unit has control of a parcel or

group of parcels of land.

Planted forest—Planted forests are areas deemed to be

forest by RPA definition and made up of at least 40 percent

planted trees of either native or exotic species. Planted

forests may be divided into two groups:

Plantations—Forest stands consisting almost exclusively of planted trees, of native or exotic species, and

intensively managed to maintain this composition to

maturity. Management practices may include extensive

site preparation prior to planting and suppression of

competing vegetation.

Augmented forest—Forest stands consisting of at least

40 percent planted trees, of native or exotic species, but

not intensively managed to assure dominance of these

trees in the stand at maturity. Management practices may

include suppression of competing vegetation at the time

of planting.

Poletimber trees—Live trees at least 5.0 inches in d.b.h.,

but smaller than sawtimber trees.

Primary wood-using mill—A mill that converts roundwood

products into other wood products. Common examples are

sawmills that convert saw logs into lumber and pulpmills

that convert pulpwood into wood pulp.

Productivity class—A classification of forest land in terms

of potential annual cubic-foot volume growth per acre at

culmination of mean annual increment in fully stocked

natural stands.

Pulpwood—Roundwood, whole-tree chips, or wood

residues that are used for the production of wood pulp.

Reserved forest land—Forest land withdrawn from timber

utilization through statute, administrative regulation, or

designation without regard to productive status.

Residues—Bark and woody materials that are generated in

primary wood-using mills when roundwood products are

converted to other products. Examples are slabs, edgings,

trimmings, miscuts, sawdust, shavings, veneer cores and

clippings, and pulp screenings. Includes bark residues and

wood residues (both coarse and fine materials) but excludes

logging residues.

Rotten tree—A live tree of commercial species that does not

contain a saw log now or prospectively primarily because of

rot (that is, when rot accounts for more than 50 percent of the

total cull volume).

Rough tree—(a) A live tree of commercial species that does

not contain a saw log now or prospectively primarily because

of roughness (that is, when sound cull due to such factors as

poor form, splits, or cracks accounts for more than 50

percent of the total cull volume) or (b) a live tree of noncommercial species.

46
Roundwood products—Logs, bolts, and other round timber

generated from harvesting trees for industrial or consumer

use.

Rural-urban continuum—A classification of U.S. counties

by urban characteristic as described by Butler and Beale

(1993). Classes are generically defined as follows:

 Major metro

Major metro- Central: Central counties of

metropolitan areas of 1 million population or

more

Major metro- Fringe: Fringe counties of

metropolitan areas of 1 million population or

more

 Intermediate and small metro

Intermediate metro: Counties in metropolitan

areas of 250,000 - 1,000,000 population

Small metro: Counties in metropolitan areas of

less than 250,000 population

 Large town

Large town metro: Urban population of 20,000

or more, adjacent to a metropolitan area

Large town nonmetro: Urban population of

20,000 or more, not adjacent to a metropolitan

area

 Small town

Small town metro: Urban population of 2,500-

19,999, adjacent to a metropolitan area

Small town nonmetro: Urban population of

2,500-19,999, not adjacent to a metropolitan area

 Rural

Rural metro: Completely rural (no places with a

population of 2,500 or more) adjacent to a

metropolitan area

Rural nonmetro: Completely rural (no places

with a population of 2,500 or more) not adjacent

to a metropolitan area

Salvable dead tree—A downed or standing dead tree that is

considered currently or potentially merchantable by regional

standards.

Saplings—Live trees 1.0 inch through 4.9 inches d.b.h.

Saw log—A log meeting minimum standards of diameter,

length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound

and straight, and with a minimum diameter inside bark of 6

inches for softwoods and 8 inches for hardwoods, or meeting

other combinations of size and defect specified by regional

standards.

Sawtimber—A classification of timber inventory that is

composed of sawtimber trees of commercial species.

Sawtimber trees—Live trees containing at least one 12-foot

saw log or two noncontiguous 8-foot logs, and meeting

regional specifications for freedom from defect. Softwood

trees must be at least 9.0 inches d.b.h., and hardwood trees

must be at least 11.0 inches d.b.h.

Seedlings—Live trees less than 1.0 inch d.b.h. and at least 1

foot in height.

Select red oaks—A group of species in the genus Quercus

that includes cherrybark oak, northern red oak, and Shumard

oak.

Select white oaks—A group of species in the genus Quercus

that includes white oak, swamp white oak, bur oak, swamp

chestnut oak, and chinkapin oak.

Softwood—A coniferous tree, usually evergreen, having

needles or scale-like leaves.

Sound dead—The net volume in salvable dead trees.

Stand size class—A classification of forest land based on the

size class of all live trees in the area. The classes include:

Nonstocked stands—Forest land that is stocked

with less than 10 percent of full stocking with all

live trees. Examples are recently cut-over areas or

reverting agricultural fields.

Seedling-sapling stands—Forest land that is

stocked with at least 10 percent of full stocking with

all live trees with half or more of such stocking in

seedlings or saplings or both.

Poletimber stands—Forest land that is stocked

with at least 10 percent of full stocking with all live

trees with half or more of such stocking in

poletimber or sawtimber trees or both, and in which

the stocking of poletimber exceeds that of sawtimber.

Sawtimber stands—Forest land that is stocked

with at least 10 percent of full stocking with all live

trees with half or more of such stocking in

poletimber or sawtimber trees or both, and in which

the stocking of sawtimber is at least equal to that of

poletimber.

47
State—An ownership class of public lands owned by States

or lands leased by States for more than 50 years.

Stocking—The degree of occupancy of land by trees,

measured by basal area or number of trees by size and

spacing, or both, compared to a stocking standard; that is, the

basal area or number of trees, or both, required to fully

utilize the growth potential of the land.

Timberland—Forest land that is producing or is capable of

producing crops of industrial wood and not withdrawn from

timber utilization by statute or administrative regulation.

(Note: Areas qualifying as timberland are capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of industrial

wood in natural stands. Currently inaccessible and inoperable areas are included.)

Tops—The wood of a tree above the merchantable height (or

above the point on the stem 4.0 inches diameter outside bark

[d.o.b.]). It includes the usable material in the uppermost

stem.

Unreserved forest land—Forest land that is not withdrawn

from harvest by statute or administrative regulation. Includes

forest lands that are not capable of producing in excess of 20

cubic feet per acre per year of industrial wood in natural

stands.

Veneer log—A roundwood product from which veneer is

sliced or sawn and that usually meets certain standards of

minimum diameter and length and maximum defect.

Weight—The weight of wood and bark, oven-dry basis

(approximately 12 percent moisture content).

Xerophytic plants—Plants growing where soil moisture

conditions are very dry most of the time.

48
Timing of Inventory Data

The tables in this report are dated 1997 for area and volume

and 1996 for growth, mortality, and removals. These dates

are used as nominal dates for national reporting. Actual

inventory for a particular State is the most recent inventory

available and may not have been collected in 1996-97. Until

recently, forest inventory in the United States has been a

cyclic process with new inventories conducted in each State

every 10-12 years. When national statistics are compiled,

these data are updated to the extent possible. Tables in this

appendix describe when the inventories actually occurred

and whether they have been updated for this report.

Adjustments to Historic Inventory Data

Historic data presented in this report for previous national

assessments may be adjusted from those found in the original

publications. Generally, this is due to changes in data

classifications, regional reporting boundaries, or occasionally

when data are deemed to be inaccurate due to errors in

reporting.

The Database

In 1987, the first national database was developed for the

assessment. It was a summary database that placed all

inventory data in a common format at the State/owner level

of resolution. In 1992, the summary database was made

available online. For 1997, standard Eastwide and Westwide

data files were used wherever possible as a basis for county

level summary.

The complete RPA logical database for 1997 is composed of

four physical databases. The first two physical databases are

the Eastwide and Westwide standard databases. Eastwide

databases are available for all States in the North and South

and are summarized to compile the county level data in the

national summary database. Westwide standard files are

available for all non-NFS lands in the West except Alaska

and Hawaii and for NFS lands in Oregon, Washington, Utah,

and Arizona. The remaining areas compiled multi-county

summary data from historic inventory records. The third

database is the national timber products output database

composed of data from surveys of primary wood-using

facilities (sawmills, pulpmills, veneer mills, chip mills, etc.)

as well as residential fuelwood and post producers (Smith

1991 and May 1998). This database provides county level

removals data for the United States. The fourth database is

the national summary database that draws upon each of the

other physical databases as well as “value-added” data from

the Bureau of the Census such as total county land area,

county latitude and longitude envelope, and population. The

national summary database is available via the Internet and

can provide data at the county level for most of the United

States. The exceptions to this general rule are areas of the

interior West and Alaska where data are stored in multicounty groups.

For more information on these databases, log on to http://

fia.fs.fed.us. Further information on data collection procedures is available from the USDA Forest Service Research

Stations and Regions listed in tables A-1 and A-2.

Appendix A: Procedures for the Update

49
Appendix Table A-1. Addresses of USDA Forest Service Research Stations with responsibilities for forest

inventories in the United States and their areas of responsibilitya

Address Areas of responsibility

Northeastern Research Station Connecticut, Delaware, Maine,

11 Campus Boulevard Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,

Newtown Square, PA 19073 New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania,

Rhode Island, Vermont, and West Virginia

North Central Research Station Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan,

1992 Folwell Avenue Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,

St. Paul, MN 55108 South Dakota, and Wisconsin

Southern Research Station Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

200 Weaver Blvd. Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina,

P.O. Box 2680 Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee,

Asheville, NC 28802 Texas, Virginia, and Puerto Rico

Pacific Northwest Research Station Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon,

P.O. Box 3890 and Washington

Portland, OR 97208

Rocky Mountain Research Station Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,

Natural Resources Research Center New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming

2150 Centre Avenue, Building A

Fort Collins, CO 80526-2098

a For additional information, visit the Forest Inventory and Analysis Web site: www.fia.fs.fed.us.

50
Appendix Table A-2. Addresses of National Forest System regional offices in the United States

Address Region Location of National Forests

Forest Service, USDA Region 1 Montana, northern Idaho, North Dakota,

Northern Region and northwestern South Dakota

Federal Building

P.O. Box 7669

Missoula, MT 59807

Forest Service, USDA Region 2 Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota,

Rocky Mountain Region and eastern Wyoming

11177 West 8th Avenue

P.O. Box 25127

Lakewood, CO 80225

Forest Service, USDA Region 3 Arizona and New Mexico

Southwestern Region

Federal Building

517 Gold Avenue S.W.

Albuquerque, NM 87102

Forest Service, USDA Region 4 Southern Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and

Intermountain Region western Wyoming

Federal Building

324 25th Street

Ogden, UT 84401

Forest Service, USDA Region 5 California

Pacific Southwest Region

1323 Club Drive

Vallejo, CA 94592

Forest Service, USDA Region 6 Oregon and Washington

Pacific Northwest Region

333 S.W. 1st Avenue

P.O. Box 3623

Portland, OR 97208

Forest Service, USDA Region 8 Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Southern Region Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma,

1720 Peachtree Road, N.W. Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and

Atlanta, GA 30309 Puerto Rico

Forest Service, USDA Region 9 Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa

Eastern Region Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan,

310 West Wisconsin Avenue Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey

Room 580 New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,

Milwaukee, WI 53203 Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin

Forest Service, USDA Region 10 Alaska

Alaska Region

P.O. Box 21628

Juneau, AK 99802-1628

For additional information, contact the Internet sites for the regional offices through the USDA Forest Service home page:

http://www.fs.fed.us. Timber inventories are managed by the forest management staff in each regional office.

51
Some inventories reported in this document were not actually conducted in 1996-1997, but rather data were collected

periodically. A full accounting of the inventory status for national forests, States (non-national forest), and timber products

output data found in this report is provided in this appendix.

Appendix Table A-3. Dates of source data for RPA inventory and removals statistics

Forest inventory data Timber products output (removals) data

Non-NFS NFS Saw logs/ Other

Region/State lands lands Pulpwood Veneer Fuelwood products

Northeast:

 Connecticut 1985 1996 1984u 1984 1984u

 Delaware 1986 1996 1985u 1985 1985u

 Maine 1995 1995 1996 1995 1995 1995

 Maryland 1986 1986 1996 1985u 1985 1985u

 Massachusetts 1985 1985 1996 1984u 1984 1984u

 New Hampshire 1997 1997 1996 1996 1996 1996

 New Jersey 1986 1996 1986u 1986 1986u

 New York 1993 1995 1996 1993u 1993 1993u

 Pennsylvania 1989 1995 1996 1988u 1988 1988u

 Rhode Island 1985 1985 1996 1984u 1984 1984u

 Vermont 1997 1997 1996 1996 1996 1996

 West Virginia 1989 1995 1996 1994u 1994 1994u

North Central:

 Illinois 1985 1985 1996 1996 1985u 1996

 Indiana 1997 1997 1996 1995 1996 1995

 Iowa 1990 1996 1994 1995 1994

 Michigan 1993 1993 1996 1994 1992 1994

 Minnesota 1990 1990 1996 1992 1988u 1992

 Missouri 1989 1989 1996 1994 1987u 1994

 Ohio 1994 1995 1996 1989u 1989 1989u

 Wisconsin 1996 1996 1996 1994 1994 1994

Southeast:

 Florida 1995 1995 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 Georgia 1997 1997 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 North Carolina 1990 1990 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 South Carolina 1993 1993 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 Virginia 1992 1992 1995 1995 1981u 1995

South Central:

 Alabama 1990 1990 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 Arkansas 1995 1995 1996 1996 1981u 1996

 Kentucky 1988 1988 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 Louisiana 1991 1991 1996 1996 1981u 1996

 Mississippi 1994 1994 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 Oklahoma 1989-93 1993 1996 1996 1981u 1996

 Tennessee 1989 1989 1995 1995 1981u 1995

 Texas 1992 1992 1994 1994 1981u 1994

(continued on next page) 52
(Appendix Table A-3 continued)

Forest inventory data Timber products output (removals) data

Non-NFS NFS Saw logs/ Other

Region/State lands lands Pulpwood Veneer Fuelwood products

Great Plains:

 Kansas 1990 1996 1993 1994 1993

 Nebraska 1994 1994 1996 1993 1994 1993

 North Dakota 1994 1994 1996 1993 1994 1993

 South Dakota 1996 1986u 1996 1993 1994 1993

Intermountain:

 Arizona 1985 1996 1995 1995 1984 1995

 Colorado 1983 1981-88u 1996 1996 1982 1996

 Idaho 1990 1990-95u 1995 1995 1990 1995

 Montana 1988 1995 1993u 1993u 1989 1993u

 Nevada 1989u 1987u 1996 1996 1996 1996

 New Mexico 1987 1987 1995 1995 1986 1995

 Utah 1993 1993 1992 1992 1992 1992

 Wyoming 1984 1985-93u 1996 1996 1983u 1996

Pacific Northwest:

 Alaska 1977-94 1978-85 1995 1995 1982u 1995

 Oregon 1992 1994-96 1994 1994 1994 1994

 Washington 1988-91 1995 1996 1996 1996 1996

Pacific Southwest:

 California 1994 1995 1994 1994 1994 1994

 Hawaii 1985 1995 1995 1995 1995

u = source data updated to 1996 for reporting.

53
Accuracy of the Data

All of the data for the national assessment of forests are collected under the guidance of the USDA Forest Service and

compiled by the agency’s Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. All data are collected by the FIA program in cooperation with State forestry agencies or National Forest System (NFS) regions.

Inventories conducted by FIA are designed to meet the following statistical guidelines for accuracy within one standard

deviation at the 67 percent level for each State:

+/- 3-5 percent per million acres of timberland

+/- 10 percent per million acres of all other forest land

+/- 5 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock volume on timberland

+/- 10 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock growth

+/- 15 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock mortality

+/- 15 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock removals

Since these guidelines are applied at the State level, the accuracy of data for any national or regional total for these categories

will be improved.

Inventories conducted historically on NFS lands would have similar accuracy estimates in the Eastern United States and

Alaska where FIA conducted these inventories. In other NFS regions, regional inventory data were converted to emulate FIA

classifications and thus specific accuracy estimates are difficult to derive. Overall, historic NFS data are presumed to have

similar error characteristics except where errors of omission may have occurred.

54
1 acre = 0.404686 hectares

1,000 acres = 404.686 hectares

1 board foot = 0.00348 cubic meters

1,000 board feet, International 1/4-inch log rule = 3.48 cubic meters

1 cubic foot = 0.028317 cubic meters

1,000 cubic feet = 28.317 cubic meters

1 inch = 2.54 centimeters or 0.0254 meters

1 foot = 30.48 centimeters or 0.3048 meters

1 mile = 1.609 kilometers

1 square foot = 0.0929 square meters

1 square foot per acre basal area = 0.229568 square meters per hectare

1 ton = 0.90718 metric tons

Breast height = 1.37 meters above ground level

Appendix B: Metric Equivalents for Various Units of Measure

55
Common name Scientific name

Eastern Softwoods:

True firs Abies Mill.

Balsam fir A. balsamea (L.) Mill.

Fraser fir A. fraseri (Pursh) Poir.

Eastern redcedar Juniperus virginiana L.

Tamarack Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch

Spruce Picea A. Dietr.

Jack pine Pinus banksiana Lamb.

Shortleaf pine P. echinata Mill.

Slash pine P. elliottii Engelm.

Longleaf pine P. palustris Mill.

Red pine P. resinosa Ait.

Eastern white pine P. strobus L.

Loblolly pine P. taeda L.

Baldcypress Taxodium Rich.

Northern white-cedar Thuja occidentalis L.

Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.

Eastern Hardwoods:

Maple Acer L.

Red (soft) maple A. rubrum L.

Sugar (hard) maple A. saccharum Marsh.

Birch Betula L.

Yellow birch B. alleghaniensis Britton

Paper birch B. papyrifera Marsh.

Gray birch B. populifolia Marsh.

Hackberry Celtis occidentalis L.

American beech Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.

Ash Fraxinus L.

Black walnut Juglans nigra L.

Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua L.

Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera L.

Tupelo, gum Nyssa L.

Black tupelo N. sylvatica Marsh. var. sylvatica

Sycamore Platanus occidentalis L.

Aspen Populus L.

Balsam poplar P. balsamifera L.

Eastern cottonwood P. deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.

Black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh.

Oak Quercus L.

White oak Q. alba L.

Swamp white oak Q. bicolor Willd.

Scarlet oak Q. coccinea Muenchh.

Northern pin oak Q. ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill

Southern red oak Q. falcata Michx.

Cherrybark oak Q. falcata var. pagodifolia Ell.

Bear oak Q. ilicifolia Wangenh.

Shingle oak Q. imbricaria Michx.

Overcup oak Q. lyrata Walt.

Bur oak Q. macrocarpa Michx.

Blackjack oak Q. marilandica Muenchh.

Swamp chestnut oak Q. michauxii Nutt.

Chinkapin oak Q. muehlenbergii Engelm.

Water oak Q. nigra L.

Pin oak Q. palustris Muenchh.

Willow oak Q. phellos L.

Chestnut oak Q. prinus L.

Northern red oak Q. rubra L.

Shumard oak Q. shumardii Buckl.

Post oak Q. stellata Wangenh. var. stellata

Black oak Q. velutina Lam.

Willow Salix L.

Basswood Tilia L.

Elm Ulmus L.

Western Softwoods:

True firs Abies Mill.

Pacific silver fir A. amabilis Dougl. ex Forbes

White fir A. concolor (Gord. & Glend.)

 Lindl. ex Hildebr.

Grand fir A. grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don)

 Lindl.

Subalpine fir A. lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.

Juniper Juniperus L.

Incense-cedar Libocedrus decurrens Torr.

Engelmann spruce Picea engelmannii Parry ex

 Engelm.

Blue spruce P. pungens Engelm.

Sitka spruce P. sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.

Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.

Pinyon pine P. edulis Engelm.

Apache pine P. engelmannii Carr.

Limber pine P. flexilis James

Jeffrey pine P. jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.

Sugar pine P. lambertiana Dougl.

Chihuahua pine P. leiophylla var. chihuahuana

 (Engelm.) Shaw

Western white pine P. monticola Dougl. ex D. Don

Ponderosa pine P. ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.

Arizona pine P. ponderosa var. arizonica

 (Engelm.) Shaw

Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.)

 Franco

Redwood Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don)

 Endl.

Western redcedar Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don

Western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.

Mountain hemlock T. mertensiana (Bong.) Carr.

Western Hardwoods:

Red alder Alnus rubra Bong.

Tanoak Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook &

 Arn.) Rehd.

Cottonwood Populus L.

Oak Quercus L.

Appendix C: Common and Scientific Names of Major Tree Species

Common name Scientific name

Source: Little 1979.

56
Table 1.— Land area in the United States by major class,

region, subregion, and State, 1997

Table 2.— Forest land area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Table 3.— Forest area in the United States by region,

subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963,

1953, 1938, 1907, and 1630

Table 4.— Forest land area in the United States by productivity class, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Table 5.— Forest land area in the Western United States by

forest type group, subregion, productivity class,

and ownership group, 1997

Table 6.— Forest land area in the Eastern United States by

forest type group, subregion, productivity class,

and ownership group, 1997

Table 7.— Forest land area in the Eastern and Western

United States by rural-urban continuum class and

forest type group, 1997

Table 8.— Area of planted and natural forest land in the

Northern, Southern, and Western United States

by forest type group and major ownership group,

1997

Table 9.— Forest land area in the United States by average

d.b.h. class and forest type group, 1997

Table 10.—Timberland area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987,

1977, 1963, and 1953

Table 11.—Timberland area in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Table 12.—Timberland area in the Eastern United States by

forest type group, subregion, and stand age class,

1997

List of Tables

Table 13.—Timberland area in the Western United States by

forest type group, subregion, and stand age

class, 1997

Table 14.—Timberland area in the United States by forest

type group, subregion, and stand size class, 1997

Table 15.—Area of timberland in the United States by stand

size class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987,

1977, 1963, and 1953

Table 16.—Timberland area in the United States by major

geographic region and forest type group, 1997,

1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table 17.—Net volume of timber on timberland in the

United States by class of timber, species group,

region, subregion, and State, 1997

Table 18.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on

timberland in the United States by ownership

group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987,

1977, 1963, and 1953

Table 19.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in

the Eastern United States by species, region, and

subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963

Table 20.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in

the Western United States by species, subregion,

and State, 1997

Table 21.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on

timberland in the Eastern United States by

species, subregion, and State, 1997

Table 22.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on

timberland in the Eastern United States by

species, subregion, and State, 1997

Table 23.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on

timberland in the United States by ownership

group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987,

1977, 1963, and 1953

Forest Area

Volume

Timberland Area

57
Table 24.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in

the Western United States by species, region, and

subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963

Table 25.—Net volume of all growing stock on timberland in

the United States by ownership group, region,

subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963,

and 1953

Table 26.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on

timberland in the Eastern United States by

species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Table 27.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on

timberland in the Eastern United States by

species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Table 28.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in

the Western United States by species, subregion,

and diameter class, 1997

Table 29.—Net volume of growing stock on planted and

natural timberland in the Northern, Southern, and

Western United States by forest type group and

major ownership group, 1997

Table 30.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on

timberland in the United States by diameter

class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977,

1963, and 1953

Table 31.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on

timberland in the United States by diameter

class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977,

1963, and 1953

Table 32.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in

the United States by diameter class, region, and

subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table 33.—Annual mortality of growing stock on timberland

in the United States by ownership group, region,

subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, 1976,

1962, and 1952

Table 34.—Net annual growth of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group,

region, subregion, and species group, 1996,

1986, 1976, 1962, and 1952

Table 35.—Annual removals of growing stock on timberland

in the United States by ownership group, region,

subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, and

1976

Table 36.—Net annual growth, removals, and mortality of

growing stock on timberland in the United States

by species group, region, subregion, and State,

1996

biomass

Table 37.—Net all-live biomass on timberland in the Eastern

and Western United States by rural-urban

continuum class and forest type group, 1997

Table 38.—Biomass on timberland in the United States by

region, subregion, State, and tree component,

1997

Table 39.—Volume of roundwood products harvested in the

United States by source of material, species

group, region, subregion, and product, 1996

Table 40.—Roundwood products, logging residues, and

other removals from growing stock and other

sources by species group, region, and subregion,

1996

Table 41.—Weight of bark and wood residue from primary

wood-using mills by type of material, species

group, region, subregion, and type of use, 1996

Change

Products

Biomass

58
Table B1.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by ownership group,

region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977,

1963, and 1953

Table B2.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on

timberland in the United States by ownership

group, region, subregion, and State, 1997,

1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table B3.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species,

subregion, and State, 1997

Table B4.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on

timberland in the Eastern United States by

species, subregion, and State, 1997

Table B5.— Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the

Western United States by species, subregion,

and State, 1997

Table B6.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by diameter class,

region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963,

and 1953

Table B7.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on

timberland in the United States by diameter

class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977,

1963, and 1953

Table B8.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species,

subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Table B9.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on

timberland in the Eastern United States by

species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Table B10.—Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the

Western United States by species, subregion,

and diameter class, 1997

Board Foot

59
60

Table 1—Land area in the United States by major class, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Land class 

Forest land 

 

Total Total 

Region, land forest Other

subregion, and State area land Timberland Reserveda Otherb land

Thousand acres

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 3,101 1,863 1,815 23 25 1,238

 Delaware 1,251 389 376 3 10 862

 Maine 19,753 17,711 16,952 346 412 2,043

 Maryland 6,295 2,701 2,423 153 124 3,594

 Massachusetts 5,016 3,264 2,965 149 150 1,752

 New Hampshire 5,740 4,955 4,551 117 287 785

 New Jersey 4,748 1,991 1,864 105 21 2,757

 New York 30,223 18,581 15,406 2,953 222 11,642

 Pennsylvania 28,685 16,905 15,853 833 219 11,780

 Rhode Island 669 409 356 8 45 260

 Vermont 5,920 4,607 4,461 91 55 1,312

 West Virginia 15,415 12,108 11,900 181 27 3,307

 Total 126,817 85,484 78,923 4,963 1,598 41,333 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 35,579 4,294 4,058 236 0 31,285

 Indiana 22,957 4,501 4,342 159 0 18,456

 Iowa 35,760 2,050 1,944 88 19 33,710

 Michigan 36,358 19,335 18,667 577 90 17,023

 Minnesota 50,954 16,796 14,819 1,136 842 34,158

 Missouri 44,094 14,047 13,411 325 311 30,047

 Ohio 26,210 7,855 7,568 140 147 18,355

 Wisconsin 34,761 15,963 15,701 201 61 18,798

 Total 286,673 84,842 80,510 2,862 1,470 201,832

North Total: 413,491 170,326 159,433 7,825 3,067 243,165

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 34,520 16,254 14,605 601 1,048 18,266

 Georgia 37,068 24,413 23,796 595 22 12,656

 North Carolina 31,180 19,298 18,639 615 44 11,882

 South Carolina 19,271 12,651 12,419 232 0 6,620

 Virginia 25,342 16,047 15,345 655 47 9,295

 Total 147,380 88,662 84,803 2,698 1,161 58,718

 South Central:

 Alabama 32,480 21,964 21,911 52 0 10,517

 Arkansas 33,328 18,790 18,392 231 167 14,538

 Kentucky 25,429 12,684 12,347 305 32 12,744

 Louisiana 27,882 13,783 13,693 90 0 14,099

 Mississippi 30,025 18,595 18,587 8 0 11,429

 Oklahoma 43,954 7,665 6,234 45 1,387 36,289

 Tennessee 26,380 13,603 13,265 337 0 12,778

 Texas 167,626 18,354 11,766 133 6,455 149,272

 Total 387,105 125,438 116,196 1,202 8,040 261,667

South Total: 534,485 214,100 200,999 3,900 9,201 320,385
61

Table 1—(continued).

Land class

Forest land 

 

Total Total 

Region, land forest Other

subregion, and State area land Timberland Reserveda Otherb land

Thousand acres

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 52,367 1,545 1,491 18 37 50,822

 Nebraska 49,202 947 898 32 18 48,255

 North Dakota 44,156 674 442 0 232 43,483

 South Dakota 48,571 1,632 1,487 22 123 46,939

 Total 194,297 4,798 4,317 71 409 189,499

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 72,731 19,926 4,073 1,771 14,082 52,805

 Colorado 66,387 21,270 11,555 2,407 7,307 45,116

 Idaho 52,961 21,937 17,123 3,529 1,285 31,024

 Montana 93,156 23,232 19,164 3,620 448 69,924

 Nevada 70,276 9,928 169 688 9,071 60,348

 New Mexico 77,674 15,505 4,833 1,420 9,252 62,169

 Utah 52,588 15,705 4,700 770 10,235 36,883

 Wyoming 62,147 10,944 5,085 3,903 1,957 51,202

 Total 547,918 138,447 66,701 18,108 53,637 409,471

Rocky Mountain Total: 742,214 143,244 71,018 18,180 54,046 598,970

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 365,039 127,380 12,395 9,836 105,148 237,660

 Total 365,039 127,380 12,395 9,836 105,148 237,660

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 61,444 29,720 23,749 2,482 3,489 31,723

 Washington 42,613 21,892 17,418 3,495 980 20,721

 Total 104,057 51,612 41,167 5,977 4,469 52,444

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 99,823 38,547 17,952 5,968 14,627 61,276

 Hawaii 4,111 1,748 700 196 853 2,363

 Total 103,934 40,296 18,652 6,164 15,480 63,639

Pacific Coast Total: 573,030 219,288 72,214 21,977 125,097 353,743

 United States: 2,263,220 746,958 503,664 51,882 191,412 1,516,262

a For 1997, reserved forest includes lands previously classified as unproductive reserved and tabulated

under the other forest category.

b For 1997, other forest no longer includes lands classified as unproductive reserved. This area,

amounting to about 12 million acres in 1987, is now included in the reserved forest category.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.
62

Table 2—Forest land area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997

 

Bureau of County

All Land and NonRegion, owner- Total Total National Man- muni- Total Forest industrial

subregion, and State ships public Federal forest agement Other State cipal private industry private

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 1,863 272 13 0 0 13 180 80 1,591 0 1,591

 Delaware 389 16 2 0 0 2 15 0 373 31 342

 Maine 17,711 979 125 49 0 76 738 116 16,732 7,449 9,283

 Maryland 2,701 434 74 0 0 74 337 23 2,267 137 2,130

 Massachusetts 3,264 642 69 0 0 69 341 232 2,622 71 2,552

 New Hampshire 4,955 1,093 730 708 0 22 237 126 3,862 519 3,343

 New Jersey 1,991 605 96 0 0 96 382 127 1,386 0 1,386

 New York 18,581 4,127 108 9 0 99 3,640 378 14,454 1,225 13,229

 Pennsylvania 16,905 4,403 587 460 0 127 3,529 287 12,502 613 11,889

 Rhode Island 409 95 5 0 0 5 88 3 314 0 314

 Vermont 4,607 727 347 317 0 31 310 70 3,880 227 3,653

 West Virginia 12,108 1,520 1,164 1,002 0 163 311 44 10,588 887 9,701

 Total 85,484 14,914 3,320 2,544 0 776 10,107 1,487 70,570 11,158 59,412 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 4,294 647 343 276 0 68 178 125 3,648 13 3,635

 Indiana 4,501 771 425 191 0 234 323 22 3,731 17 3,713

 Iowa 2,050 244 74 0 0 74 127 42 1,807 0 1,807

 Michigan 19,335 7,197 2,987 2,737 0 250 3,946 264 12,138 1,520 10,618

 Minnesota 16,796 9,507 3,070 2,740 29 300 3,773 2,664 7,290 761 6,529

 Missouri 14,047 2,421 1,830 1,483 0 347 523 69 11,626 222 11,403

 Ohio 7,855 690 241 216 0 25 294 156 7,165 174 6,990

 Wisconsin 15,963 4,767 1,643 1,421 0 222 823 2,300 11,196 1,105 10,091

 Total 84,842 26,242 10,613 9,064 29 1,520 9,987 5,642 58,599 3,814 54,785

North Total: 170,326 41,156 13,933 11,608 29 2,296 20,094 7,129 129,170 14,972 114,197

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 16,254 4,096 2,477 1,139 0 1,338 1,522 97 12,158 4,018 8,140

 Georgia 24,413 2,364 1,915 863 0 1,052 336 113 22,048 4,381 17,667

 North Carolina 19,298 2,523 2,001 1,230 0 770 438 85 16,774 2,252 14,522

 South Carolina 12,651 1,310 980 598 0 383 276 54 11,341 2,322 9,019

 Virginia 16,047 2,580 2,211 1,640 0 571 270 99 13,466 1,537 11,929

 Total 88,662 12,874 9,584 5,470 0 4,114 2,843 448 75,788 14,511 61,277

 South Central:

 Alabama 21,964 1,183 869 619 0 250 218 95 20,781 4,796 15,985

 Arkansas 18,790 3,530 3,060 2,479 0 580 403 67 15,260 4,498 10,762

 Kentucky 12,684 1,316 1,103 645 0 458 213 0 11,368 205 11,164

 Louisiana 13,783 1,304 797 567 0 230 300 207 12,479 3,899 8,579

 Mississippi 18,595 1,944 1,534 1,099 0 435 311 100 16,651 3,241 13,411

 Oklahoma 7,665 657 491 236 0 255 139 27 7,008 1,049 5,959

 Tennessee 13,603 1,840 1,088 617 0 471 692 59 11,762 1,122 10,641

 Texas 18,354 909 787 608 0 180 75 47 17,446 3,720 13,726

 Total 125,438 12,683 9,729 6,870 0 2,859 2,351 603 112,755 22,529 90,226

South Total: 214,100 25,557 19,314 12,340 0 6,974 5,193 1,051 188,543 37,040 151,503

Public Privatea

Federal

Thousand acres
63

Table 2—(continued).

 

Bureau of County

All Land and NonRegion, owner- Total Total National Man- muni- Total Forest industrial

subregion, and State ships public Federal forest agement Other State cipal private industry private

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 1,545 109 65 0 0 65 32 13 1,436 0 1,436

 Nebraska 947 133 52 47 0 6 71 10 814 0 814

 North Dakota 674 232 198 182 2 14 34 0 442 0 442

 South Dakota 1,632 1,075 1,008 994 6 8 66 1 557 0 557

 Total 4,798 1,550 1,323 1,223 8 93 202 24 3,248 0 3,248

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 19,926 11,712 10,534 8,546 1,188 800 1,164 13 8,214 13 8,201

 Colorado 21,270 15,332 14,735 10,135 4,110 490 518 79 5,939 0 5,939

 Idaho 21,937 18,548 17,356 16,416 893 47 1,166 25 3,389 1,284 2,106

 Montana 23,231 16,965 16,215 14,552 817 846 743 7 6,267 1,618 4,649

 Nevada 9,928 9,348 9,332 2,769 6,274 289 16 0 580 25 555

 New Mexico 15,505 9,463 8,572 7,387 1,048 136 878 13 6,042 0 6,042

 Utah 15,705 12,960 11,941 5,633 6,073 235 1,005 14 2,744 0 2,744

 Wyoming 10,944 8,967 8,689 5,816 1,004 1,869 278 0 1,977 0 1,977

 Total 138,447 103,294 97,374 71,255 21,408 4,710 5,770 151 35,152 2,939 32,213

Rocky Mountain Total: 143,244 104,844 98,697 72,478 21,416 4,803 5,972 175 38,401 2,939 35,461

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 127,380 91,505 66,749 11,250 21,230 34,268 24,736 20 35,875 0 35,875

 Total 127,380 91,505 66,749 11,250 21,230 34,268 24,736 20 35,875 0 35,875

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 29,720 18,945 17,822 14,316 3,314 192 933 191 10,775 5,290 5,485

 Washington 21,892 12,081 9,541 8,037 50 1,454 2,270 270 9,811 4,305 5,506

 Total 51,612 31,026 27,363 22,352 3,365 1,646 3,203 460 20,586 9,595 10,991

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 38,547 21,794 20,654 16,748 2,260 1,647 739 400 16,754 3,140 13,613

 Hawaii 1,748 593 12 0 0 12 573 8 1,155 0 1,155

 Total 40,296 22,387 20,666 16,748 2,260 1,659 1,312 408 17,909 3,140 14,768

Pacific Coast Total: 219,288 144,918 114,778 50,351 26,854 37,573 29,251 889 74,370 12,736 61,634

 United States: 746,958 316,475 246,722 146,777 48,299 51,646 60,510 9,244 430,483 67,687 362,796

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Thousand acres

Public Privatea

Federal
64

Table 3—Forest area in the United Statesa by region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, 

 1953, 1938, 1907, and 1630

 

Region,

subregion, and State 1997 1987b 1977c 1963d 1953e 1938f 1907g 1630h

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 1,863 1,815 1,861 1,910 1,990 1,809 1,600 2,930

 Delaware 389 398 392 392 454 423 350 1,130

 Maine 17,711 17,713 17,718 17,425 17,088 16,036 14,900 18,180

 Maryland 2,701 2,632 2,653 2,920 2,920 2,595 2,200 5,730

 Massachusetts 3,264 3,097 2,952 3,070 3,288 3,283 2,000 4,630

 New Hampshire 4,955 5,021 5,014 5,019 4,848 4,664 3,500 5,490

 New Jersey 1,991 1,985 1,928 2,371 2,098 2,157 2,000 4,330

 New York 18,581 18,775 18,380 15,865 14,450 13,321 12,000 27,450

 Pennsylvania 16,905 16,997 16,826 16,486 14,805 13,945 9,200 27,260

 Rhode Island 409 399 404 434 434 360 250 650

 Vermont 4,607 4,509 4,512 4,230 3,860 3,549 2,500 5,550

 West Virginia 12,108 11,942 11,669 11,469 10,327 10,074 9,100 14,610

 Total 85,484 85,283 84,309 81,591 76,562 72,216 59,600 117,940 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 4,294 4,266 4,151 4,144 3,890 3,600 2,500 13,805

 Indiana 4,501 4,439 3,943 4,018 4,103 3,580 4,000 19,520

 Iowa 2,050 1,562 1,561 2,620 2,600 2,550 2,500 5,340

 Michigan 19,335 18,220 18,691 19,699 19,592 19,073 15,500 33,110

 Minnesota 16,796 16,583 16,709 17,403 17,826 19,615 15,500 31,500

 Missouri 14,047 12,523 12,876 15,296 15,177 16,200 18,300 26,390

 Ohio 7,855 7,309 7,037 6,091 5,500 5,110 4,800 23,470

 Wisconsin 15,963 15,319 14,908 14,885 15,559 16,946 16,000 26,520

 Total 84,842 80,221 79,876 84,156 84,247 86,674 79,100 179,655

North Total: 170,326 165,504 164,185 165,747 160,809 158,890 138,700 297,595

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 16,254 16,721 17,040 19,050 20,817 21,740 24,128 29,840

 Georgia 24,413 24,187 24,556 26,365 24,057 21,433 22,300 35,700

 North Carolina 19,298 19,281 19,913 20,662 20,113 18,400 19,600 29,630

 South Carolina 12,651 12,257 12,569 12,250 11,943 10,704 12,000 17,570

 Virginia 16,047 16,108 16,387 16,412 16,032 14,832 14,000 24,480

 Total 88,662 88,554 90,465 94,739 92,962 87,109 92,028 137,220

 South Central:

 Alabama 21,964 21,725 21,525 21,770 20,771 18,878 20,000 29,540

 Arkansas 18,790 16,987 16,852 20,051 19,681 20,963 24,200 31,940

 Kentucky 12,684 12,256 12,161 11,791 11,647 11,546 10,000 23,140

 Louisiana 13,783 13,883 14,348 16,176 16,230 16,211 16,500 26,160

 Mississippi 18,595 16,693 16,716 17,076 16,890 16,253 17,500 26,700

 Oklahoma 7,665 7,283 8,513 9,235 10,329 10,415 10,500 13,330

 Tennessee 13,603 13,258 13,184 13,629 12,808 13,000 15,000 24,010

 Texas 18,354 20,505 23,279 23,954 24,708 26,949 30,000 41,980

 Total 125,438 122,590 126,578 133,682 133,064 134,215 143,700 216,800

South Total: 214,100 211,144 217,043 228,421 226,026 221,324 235,728 354,020

Thousand acres
65

Table 3—(continued).

 

Region,

subregion, and State 1997 1987b 1977c 1963d 1953e 1938f 1907g 1630h

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 1,545 1,358 1,344 1,351 1,668 2,408 2,648 1,570

 Nebraska 947 722 1,029 1,162 903 1,188 1,472 1,470

 North Dakota 674 460 422 439 473 495 384 450

 South Dakota 1,632 1,690 1,702 1,837 2,169 2,080 2,200 2,480

 Total 4,798 4,230 4,497 4,789 5,213 6,171 6,704 5,970

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 19,926 19,384 18,494 19,902 19,212 20,106 21,000 21,570

 Colorado 21,270 21,338 22,271 22,583 22,000 21,720 21,440 21,440

 Idaho 21,937 21,818 21,727 21,815 21,025 21,713 22,400 24,130

 Montana 23,232 21,910 22,559 22,048 22,330 22,415 22,500 23,320

 Nevada 9,928 8,928 7,683 9,000 9,500 10,750 12,000 12,000

 New Mexico 15,505 15,826 15,360 15,487 15,550 15,334 15,168 15,680

 Utah 15,705 16,234 15,557 14,955 16,219 16,310 16,400 17,890

 Wyoming 10,944 9,966 10,028 9,777 10,513 10,757 11,000 12,490

 Total 138,447 135,404 133,679 135,567 136,349 139,105 141,908 148,520

Rocky Mountain Total: 143,244 139,634 138,176 140,356 141,562 145,276 148,612 154,490

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 127,380 129,045 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100

 Total 127,380 129,045 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 29,720 28,773 29,810 30,739 30,261 30,381 30,500 30,590

 Washington 21,892 22,521 23,181 23,050 23,868 24,684 25,500 25,670

 Total 51,612 51,294 52,991 53,789 54,129 55,065 56,000 56,260

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 38,547 39,381 40,152 42,541 42,541 48,159 49,000 51,970

 Hawaii 1,748 1,748 1,986 1,982 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000

 Total 40,296 41,129 42,138 44,523 44,541 50,159 51,000 53,970

Pacific Coast Total: 219,288 221,468 224,229 227,412 227,770 234,324 236,100 239,330

United States: 746,958 737,750 743,633 761,936 756,167 759,814 759,140 1,045,435

a Estimates for 1938 include forest area for regions that would become the States of Alaska and Hawaii. All data prior to 1953 

are based on partial inventories or estimates from surveyors data. Estimates for 1907 include forest area for regions that would 

become the States of Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, and New Mexico. Estimates for 1630 represent the forest area in North America 

for regions that would become the 50 States within the current United States.

b Data for 1987 based on Waddell et al . (1989).

c Data for 1977 based on USDA Forest Service (1982).

d Data for 1963 based on USDA Forest Service (1965).

e Data for 1953 based on USDA Forest Service (1958).

f Data for 1938 based on U.S. Congress (1938).

g Data for 1907 based on Kellogg (1909).

h Data for 1630 were also from Kellogg (1909) as an estimate of the original forest area based on the

current estimate of forest and historic land clearing information. These data are provided here for general

reference purposes only to convey the relative extent of the forest estate, in what is now the United States, 

at the time of European settlement.

Thousand acres
66

Table 4—Forest land area in the United States by productivity class, region, subregion, and State 1997

Reserved

Region, 120 + 85-119 50-84 20-49 0-19 forest

subregion, and State Total cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. land

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 1,863 77 125 556 1,055 25 23

 Delaware 389 31 59 160 126 10 3

 Maine 17,711 241 1,825 6,065 8,822 412 346

 Maryland 2,701 208 491 887 837 124 153

 Massachusetts 3,264 296 419 1,063 1,187 150 149

 New Hampshire 4,955 65 539 1,389 2,558 287 117

 New Jersey 1,991 50 144 473 1,198 21 105

 New York 18,581 817 1,595 3,757 9,237 222 2,953

 Pennsylvania 16,905 716 1,471 3,838 9,828 219 833

 Rhode Island 409 0 19 60 277 45 8

 Vermont 4,607 74 487 1,019 2,881 55 91

 West Virginia 12,108 971 2,718 3,839 4,373 27 181

 Total 85,484 3,546 9,893 23,105 42,379 1,598 4,963 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 4,294 288 1,440 1,730 600 0 236

 Indiana 4,501 1,082 1,641 1,203 416 0 159

 Iowa 2,050 82 573 911 377 19 88

 Michigan 19,335 963 4,398 7,735 5,572 90 577

 Minnesota 16,796 270 2,975 5,387 6,187 842 1,136

 Missouri 14,047 124 555 6,420 6,312 311 325

 Ohio 7,855 387 583 1,495 5,103 147 140

 Wisconsin 15,963 1,014 4,022 7,013 3,652 61 201

 Total 84,842 4,211 16,186 31,895 28,218 1,470 2,862

North Total: 170,326 7,756 26,079 55,000 70,598 3,067 7,825

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 16,254 205 1,939 8,677 3,784 1,047 602

 Georgia 24,413 983 6,110 15,008 1,695 22 595

 North Carolina 19,298 1,105 5,607 9,681 2,245 44 615

 South Carolina 12,651 435 3,321 7,340 1,324 0 232

 Virginia 16,047 562 3,293 9,489 2,001 47 655

 Total 88,662 3,291 20,270 50,194 11,049 1,160 2,699

 South Central:

 Alabama 21,964 7,262 8,134 5,700 816 0 52

 Arkansas 18,790 3,452 5,061 7,121 2,758 167 231

 Kentucky 12,684 1,102 2,065 3,876 5,305 32 305

 Louisiana 13,783 6,363 4,485 2,547 298 0 90

 Mississippi 18,595 7,906 7,354 3,036 291 0 8

 Oklahoma 7,665 175 423 2,503 3,132 1,387 45

 Tennessee 13,603 2,064 3,602 5,648 1,951 0 337

 Texas 18,354 3,716 4,768 2,707 576 6,455 133

 Total 125,438 32,038 35,893 33,138 15,126 8,040 1,202

South Total: 214,100 35,329 56,163 83,332 26,175 9,200 3,901

Productivity classa

Thousand acres
67

Table 4—(continued).

Reserved

Region, 120 + 85-119 50-84 20-49 0-19 forest

subregion, and State Total cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. land

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 1,545 62 256 558 614 37 18

 Nebraska 947 23 173 269 432 18 32

 North Dakota 674 0 19 98 325 232 0

 South Dakota 1,632 1 11 183 1,292 123 22

 Total 4,798 87 458 1,109 2,664 409 71

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 19,926 1 9 905 3,157 14,082 1,771

 Colorado 21,270 7 423 3,061 8,064 7,307 2,407

 Idaho 21,937 3,006 4,925 5,402 3,790 1,285 3,529

 Montana 23,231 453 2,129 7,099 9,483 448 3,620

 Nevada 9,928 16 31 42 80 9,071 688

 New Mexico 15,505 2 93 1,250 3,488 9,252 1,420

 Utah 15,705 7 210 1,395 3,089 10,235 770

 Wyoming 10,944 0 122 1,178 3,785 1,957 3,903

 Total 138,447 3,494 7,941 20,332 34,934 53,637 18,108

Rocky Mountain Total: 143,244 3,580 8,399 21,441 37,598 54,046 18,180

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 127,380 2,109 1,202 761 8,323 105,148 9,836

 Total 127,380 2,109 1,202 761 8,323 105,148 9,836

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 29,720 10,830 4,902 4,949 3,068 3,489 2,482

 Washington 21,892 9,849 3,101 2,760 1,708 980 3,495

 Total 51,612 20,680 8,003 7,709 4,775 4,469 5,977

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 38,547 5,623 5,227 4,611 2,490 14,627 5,968

 Hawaii 1,748 700 0 0 0 853 196

 Total 40,296 6,323 5,227 4,611 2,490 15,480 6,164

Pacific Coast Total: 219,288 29,112 14,432 13,081 15,589 125,097 21,977

 United States: 746,958 75,778 105,074 172,853 149,959 191,410 51,883

a Productivity classes are displayed as cubic feet per acre per year.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Productivity classa

Thousand acres
68

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western 

productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains:

 120 + 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 82 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 458 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 404 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 1,109 0 46 0 17 0 0 0 0 96 943 0 0 7 0

 20 to 49 2,664 0 823 0 5 0 0 0 0 416 1,397 0 0 23 0

 Other forest 409 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 24 0 0 349 0

 Reserved 71 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 18 0 0 0 30

 Total 4,798 0 908 0 23 0 0 0 0 588 2,869 0 0 380 30

Intermountain:

 120 + 3,494 1,397 320 77 1,069 397 52 132 0 0 51 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 7,941 2,661 477 31 3,012 616 336 527 0 0 278 0 0 2 0

 50 to 84 20,332 6,484 2,632 23 5,981 475 369 2,424 0 113 1,796 17 0 17 0

 20 to 49 34,934 7,103 11,453 1 4,151 22 117 6,613 0 1,224 3,845 348 0 57 0

 Other forest 53,637 214 362 0 404 0 15 802 0 1,281 7,333 42,561 126 536 0

 Reserved 18,108 3,109 1,757 3 4,698 68 43 3,778 0 1,673 597 2,315 0 67 0

 Total 138,446 20,969 17,002 134 19,315 1,578 932 14,277 0 4,292 13,900 45,242 126 680 0

Alaska:

 120 + 2,109 0 0 0 0 2,036 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 17 0

 85 to 119 1,202 0 0 0 0 1,177 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 9 0

 50 to 84 761 0 0 0 3 668 0 0 0 6 83 0 0 1 0

 20 to 49 8,323 0 0 0 3,104 937 0 0 0 149 4,010 0 0 123 0

 Other forest 105,148 0 0 0 35,958 3,822 0 113 0 60,925 4,275 0 0 55 0

 Reserved 9,836 0 0 0 1,352 3,915 0 0 0 1,888 1,877 0 0 804 0

 Total 127,379 0 0 0 40,418 12,556 0 113 0 62,968 10,317 0 0 1,008 0

Pacific Northwest:

 120 + 20,680 10,151 288 11 2,046 4,049 83 474 6 28 3,247 0 0 297 0

 85 to 119 8,003 3,013 1,377 14 1,209 603 112 697 0 66 791 11 0 109 0

 50 to 84 7,709 2,514 2,469 4 815 342 79 761 0 69 442 92 0 123 0

 20 to 49 4,775 1,234 2,152 22 209 78 13 476 0 50 232 164 0 146 0

 Other forest 4,469 324 809 2 16 35 0 19 0 20 499 2,285 235 225 0

 Reserved 5,977 1,268 202 37 1,432 2,152 55 246 0 123 173 0 0 28 261

 Total 51,613 18,505 7,297 91 5,726 7,260 342 2,672 6 355 5,383 2,552 235 928 261

Pacific Southwest:

 120 + 6,323 651 2,427 0 839 7 0 15 657 75 1,257 0 0 396 0

 85 to 119 5,227 1,021 1,772 5 1,401 0 0 8 71 7 905 0 0 38 0

 50 to 84 4,611 267 2,247 50 623 5 0 92 4 280 986 0 0 58 0

 20 to 49 2,490 38 822 41 73 0 0 51 0 1,036 388 5 0 36 0

 Other forest 15,480 2 60 10 10 0 0 1 0 3,738 5,649 1,456 4,385 169 0

 Reserved 6,164 423 617 261 1,259 13 0 287 178 1,662 863 161 441 0 0

 Total 40,295 2,402 7,944 366 4,205 24 0 453 910 6,798 10,049 1,622 4,827 697 0

West total:

 120 + 32,693 12,200 3,034 88 3,954 6,488 134 621 663 107 4,694 0 0 710 0

 85 to 119 22,831 6,695 3,627 50 5,621 2,397 449 1,232 71 126 2,393 11 0 159 0

 50 to 84 34,521 9,264 7,393 76 7,439 1,490 448 3,277 4 563 4,250 109 0 207 0

 20 to 49 53,187 8,375 15,250 64 7,542 1,037 130 7,139 0 2,875 9,872 517 0 385 0

 Other forest 179,143 541 1,261 12 36,388 3,858 15 936 0 65,971 17,779 46,302 4,746 1,335 0

 Reserved 40,157 4,801 2,585 301 8,741 6,148 98 4,311 178 5,359 3,529 2,476 441 898 291

 Total 362,532 41,875 33,151 591 69,686 21,418 1,274 17,515 916 75,001 42,519 49,416 5,187 3,693 291

All ownership groups

Table 5—Forest land area in the Western United States by forest type group, subregion, productivity class, and ownership group, 1997

Forest type group

Thousand acres
69

Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western 

productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains:

 120 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 18 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 85 0 46 0 17 0 0 0 0 18 4 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 896 0 823 0 5 0 0 0 0 39 29 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 214 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 168 0

 Reserved 10 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 1,223 0 908 0 23 0 0 0 0 74 50 0 0 168 0

Intermountain:

 120 + 2,098 877 185 45 670 229 28 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 5,087 1,742 224 25 2,112 307 242 385 0 0 46 0 0 2 0

 50 to 84 13,139 3,997 1,281 23 4,698 310 195 1,803 0 40 759 17 0 17 0

 20 to 49 22,255 4,256 5,062 1 3,537 22 81 5,680 0 871 2,340 348 0 57 0

 Other forest 15,715 173 212 0 343 0 15 777 0 777 3,324 9,431 126 536 0

 Reserved 12,961 2,776 1,438 3 3,780 68 43 1,771 0 1,668 441 915 0 59 0

 Total 71,255 13,821 8,402 96 15,140 937 603 10,480 0 3,357 6,910 10,710 126 672 0

Alaska:

 120 + 1,851 0 0 0 0 1,777 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 17 0

 85 to 119 821 0 0 0 0 812 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0

 50 to 84 394 0 0 0 3 390 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

 20 to 49 715 0 0 0 19 658 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 11 0

 Other forest 3,110 0 0 0 26 2,896 0 113 0 8 12 0 0 55 0

 Reserved 4,360 0 0 0 0 3,615 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 745 0

 Total 11,251 0 0 0 48 10,148 0 113 0 8 96 0 0 838 0

Pacific Northwest:

 120 + 8,240 3,727 238 11 1,737 1,557 68 455 0 21 395 0 0 32 0

 85 to 119 4,508 1,256 1,117 8 928 384 54 583 0 23 133 11 0 11 0

 50 to 84 4,198 907 1,809 4 444 218 48 516 0 39 64 92 0 57 0

 20 to 49 1,089 149 477 22 36 17 0 166 0 35 26 150 0 12 0

 Other forest 265 27 28 2 0 8 0 12 0 15 8 140 0 26 0

 Reserved 4,052 867 143 35 1,177 1,304 16 213 0 123 146 0 0 28 0

 Total 22,352 6,933 3,812 81 4,322 3,487 186 1,945 0 256 772 393 0 165 0

Pacific Southwest:

 120 + 2,478 391 1,324 0 754 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 3,337 873 995 5 1,296 0 0 0 0 0 168 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 2,770 174 1,343 47 531 5 0 74 4 279 314 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 1,501 22 221 41 66 0 0 34 0 1,025 91 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 2,928 2 2 10 10 0 0 1 0 2,222 467 214 0 0 0

 Reserved 3,733 382 380 261 901 6 0 100 4 1,285 303 112 0 0 0

 Total 16,747 1,844 4,264 363 3,558 11 0 210 8 4,811 1,353 327 0 0 0

West total:

 120 + 14,668 4,995 1,748 56 3,161 3,563 96 519 0 21 461 0 0 48 0

 85 to 119 13,771 3,871 2,337 38 4,336 1,504 296 968 0 40 347 11 0 22 0

 50 to 84 20,585 5,078 4,478 73 5,693 922 242 2,394 4 376 1,141 109 0 75 0

 20 to 49 26,456 4,427 6,583 64 3,663 698 81 5,880 0 1,971 2,513 498 0 80 0

 Other forest 22,233 202 271 12 379 2,903 15 903 0 3,022 3,829 9,784 126 785 0

 Reserved 25,116 4,026 1,970 298 5,859 4,992 59 2,084 4 3,075 890 1,027 0 831 0

 Total 122,829 22,598 17,386 540 23,091 14,583 789 12,748 8 8,505 9,181 11,430 126 1,843 0

Forest type group

Thousand acres

National forest
70

Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western 

productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains:

 120 + 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 22 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 72 0 0 4 0

 20 to 49 131 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 77 0 0 5 0

 Other forest 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 14 0

 Reserved 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 18 0 0 0 23

 Total 327 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 78 202 0 0 22 23

Intermountain:

 120 + 432 137 35 6 168 54 6 15 0 0 11 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 759 282 48 0 253 109 23 14 0 0 30 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 1,657 680 138 0 332 57 35 182 0 22 210 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 3,210 1,003 1,111 0 214 0 2 418 0 166 295 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 21,275 30 61 0 54 0 0 11 0 369 1,115 19,635 0 0 0

 Reserved 4,706 239 250 0 734 0 0 1,970 0 5 134 1,367 0 5 0

 Total 32,039 2,371 1,643 6 1,756 221 67 2,610 0 562 1,797 21,001 0 5 0

Alaska:

 120 + 107 0 0 0 0 107 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 149 0 0 0 0 137 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 206 0 0 0 0 123 0 0 0 0 83 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 4,363 0 0 0 1,588 75 0 0 0 57 2,576 0 0 67 0

 Other forest 69,959 0 0 0 16,310 651 0 0 0 50,292 2,706 0 0 0 0

 Reserved 5,470 0 0 0 1,347 301 0 0 0 1,888 1,877 0 0 58 0

 Total 80,254 0 0 0 19,245 1,394 0 0 0 52,237 7,254 0 0 125 0

Pacific Northwest:

 120 + 3,234 1,943 0 0 66 571 0 0 0 7 619 0 0 28 0

 85 to 119 810 500 63 0 53 69 19 15 0 0 82 0 0 9 0

 50 to 84 805 480 64 0 39 32 12 33 0 14 133 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 703 278 211 0 6 7 0 59 0 0 115 7 0 20 0

 Other forest 1,337 96 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 68 910 57 51 0

 Reserved 1,785 392 51 3 248 797 4 7 0 0 24 0 0 0 259

 Total 8,674 3,690 538 3 411 1,476 35 113 0 26 1,041 917 57 108 259

Pacific Southwest:

 120 + 483 11 48 0 0 0 0 0 85 18 148 0 0 173 0

 85 to 119 123 0 59 0 11 0 0 0 1 0 51 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 82 6 28 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 46 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 80 0 47 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 23 2 0 5 0

 Other forest 2,486 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 129 381 737 1,203 29 0

 Reserved 2,386 39 234 0 358 7 0 187 173 374 531 48 435 0 0

 Total 5,640 56 424 0 368 7 0 191 259 521 1,180 787 1,638 208 0

West total:

 120 + 4,269 2,091 83 6 234 733 6 15 85 26 790 0 0 201 0

 85 to 119 1,868 782 170 0 318 316 41 28 1 5 197 0 0 9 0

 50 to 84 2,836 1,166 230 0 370 213 47 216 0 47 544 0 0 4 0

 20 to 49 8,486 1,282 1,369 0 1,808 82 2 480 0 272 3,086 9 0 97 0

 Other forest 95,072 127 218 0 16,364 651 0 11 0 50,794 4,272 21,282 1,259 94 0

 Reserved 14,402 670 535 3 2,687 1,104 4 2,164 173 2,280 2,585 1,415 435 63 282

 Total 126,933 6,117 2,605 9 21,781 3,098 102 2,915 259 53,424 11,474 22,706 1,695 468 282

Forest type group

Thousand acres

Other public
71

Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western 

productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains:

 120 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Intermountain:

 120 + 399 142 4 13 150 64 12 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 802 252 17 0 347 128 32 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 1,211 493 137 0 225 95 90 157 0 5 8 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 515 325 27 0 63 0 8 86 0 5 0 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 2,940 1,213 185 13 786 286 141 283 0 10 8 13 0 0 0

Alaska:

 120 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pacific Northwest:

 120 + 5,632 3,076 0 0 119 1,397 6 6 0 0 882 0 0 147 0

 85 to 119 1,200 706 40 0 143 96 20 0 0 36 128 0 0 30 0

 50 to 84 1,093 408 251 0 218 48 0 78 0 16 48 0 0 25 0

 20 to 49 1,197 245 593 0 113 20 0 169 0 7 0 7 0 43 0

 Other forest 474 50 166 0 0 21 0 7 0 0 27 103 61 39 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 9,596 4,486 1,050 0 592 1,582 26 260 0 60 1,085 110 61 284 0

Pacific Southwest:

 120 + 1,550 128 583 0 50 0 0 6 363 8 379 0 0 32 0

 85 to 119 758 56 344 0 65 0 0 8 36 0 239 0 0 9 0

 50 to 84 513 8 290 3 50 0 0 0 0 0 151 0 0 10 0

 20 to 49 162 9 98 0 7 0 0 0 0 7 42 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 158 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 86 4 30 8 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 3,141 201 1,326 3 172 0 0 14 399 33 898 4 30 59 0

West total:

 120 + 7,581 3,346 587 13 319 1,460 18 25 363 8 1,261 0 0 180 0

 85 to 119 2,759 1,015 401 0 555 223 52 35 36 36 367 0 0 39 0

 50 to 84 2,816 909 678 3 493 143 90 234 0 21 207 0 0 36 0

 20 to 49 1,874 579 718 0 183 20 8 255 0 19 42 7 0 43 0

 Other forest 645 50 177 0 0 21 0 7 0 18 113 120 91 46 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 15,675 5,899 2,562 16 1,550 1,868 168 557 399 103 1,991 127 91 343 0

Thousand acres

 Forest industry

Forest type group
72

Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western 

productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains:

 120 + 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 70 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 413 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 382 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 937 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 867 0 0 4 0

 20 to 49 1,637 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 328 1,291 0 0 18 0

 Other forest 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 0 0 168 0

 Reserved 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6

 Total 3,248 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 436 2,617 0 0 189 6

Intermountain:

 120 + 565 241 95 13 80 50 6 40 0 0 40 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 1,293 385 189 6 299 72 40 101 0 0 201 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 4,325 1,315 1,076 0 726 13 48 282 0 46 819 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 8,954 1,518 5,253 0 337 0 26 429 0 182 1,209 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 16,634 11 90 0 7 0 0 14 0 135 2,894 13,483 0 0 0

 Reserved 442 94 68 0 183 0 0 37 0 0 22 34 0 3 0

 Total 32,213 3,564 6,771 19 1,633 134 120 903 0 364 5,185 13,517 0 3 0

Alaska:

 120 + 151 0 0 0 0 151 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 232 0 0 0 0 228 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 161 0 0 0 0 155 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 3,246 0 0 0 1,498 204 0 0 0 92 1,407 0 0 45 0

 Other forest 32,079 0 0 0 19,622 276 0 0 0 10,625 1,556 0 0 0 0

 Reserved 6 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 35,875 0 0 0 21,125 1,014 0 0 0 10,723 2,967 0 0 45 0

Pacific Northwest:

 120 + 3,573 1,406 49 0 125 524 9 14 6 0 1,352 0 0 90 0

 85 to 119 1,486 551 157 7 85 54 19 100 0 7 448 0 0 59 0

 50 to 84 1,613 718 346 0 114 44 20 134 0 0 197 0 0 41 0

 20 to 49 1,786 562 872 0 54 34 13 81 0 7 91 0 0 71 0

 Other forest 2,393 151 465 0 16 7 0 0 0 0 396 1,133 117 109 0

 Reserved 140 9 8 0 7 52 34 26 0 0 3 0 0 0 2

 Total 10,991 3,397 1,896 7 400 714 95 354 6 14 2,486 1,133 117 370 2

Pacific Southwest:

 120 + 1,812 121 472 0 35 7 0 9 209 49 720 0 0 191 0

 85 to 119 1,010 92 373 0 29 0 0 0 34 7 446 0 0 29 0

 50 to 84 1,247 79 586 0 42 0 0 16 0 1 475 0 0 47 0

 20 to 49 748 7 456 0 0 0 0 14 0 4 233 4 0 30 0

 Other forest 9,908 0 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,368 4,714 500 3,153 132 0

 Reserved 45 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 30 0 6 0 0

 Total 14,770 300 1,930 0 106 7 0 39 244 1,432 6,618 503 3,158 430 0

West total:

 120 + 6,175 1,768 616 13 240 731 14 62 215 53 2,182 0 0 281 0

 85 to 119 4,434 1,028 719 12 413 354 59 201 34 44 1,482 0 0 89 0

 50 to 84 8,284 2,111 2,007 0 882 212 68 432 0 120 2,358 0 0 92 0

 20 to 49 16,370 2,087 6,581 0 1,889 237 40 524 0 613 4,231 4 0 164 0

 Other forest 61,193 162 595 0 19,645 283 0 14 0 12,135 9,566 15,115 3,269 409 0

 Reserved 639 105 79 0 196 52 34 63 1 3 55 34 6 3 9

Total 97,095 7,261 10,597 26 23,265 1,869 215 1,296 250 12,969 19,873 15,153 3,275 1,038 9

a Productivity classes are displayed as cubic feet per acre per year.

b Poorly stocked reserved and other forest lands have insufficient data to determine a forest type.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Nonindustrial private

Forest type group

Thousand acres
73

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other

productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast:

 120 + 3,546 404 292 0 87 144 1,026 38 331 1,185 40 0 0 0

 85 to 119 9,893 1,119 1,228 0 203 451 3,499 57 207 2,540 582 0 6 0

 50 to 84 23,105 2,345 2,898 0 364 814 7,136 140 435 7,552 1,417 0 5 0

 20 to 49 42,379 2,410 3,160 0 897 1,016 12,765 190 1,334 18,763 1,752 0 93 0

 Other forest 1,598 73 441 0 74 64 256 19 243 214 73 0 139 0

 Reserved 4,963 90 643 0 74 15 1,108 2 35 2,765 197 0 34 0

 Total 85,484 6,441 8,662 0 1,699 2,504 25,790 446 2,585 33,019 4,061 0 277 0

North Central:

 120 + 4,211 756 458 0 53 88 789 55 561 992 449 0 10 0

 85 to 119 16,186 1,126 929 0 36 81 3,221 62 1,652 4,612 4,417 0 51 0

 50 to 84 31,895 1,233 1,524 0 67 402 11,782 45 2,099 8,618 6,053 0 72 0

 20 to 49 28,218 1,119 4,696 0 557 599 9,461 183 3,382 5,948 2,107 0 167 0

 Other forest 1,470 10 755 0 12 92 264 13 84 52 51 0 135 2

 Reserved 2,862 307 425 0 12 28 755 7 288 324 704 1 4 8

 Total 84,842 4,551 8,787 0 737 1,290 26,272 365 8,066 20,546 13,781 1 439 10

Southeast:

 120 + 3,291 329 0 199 1,159 605 734 219 7 6 0 0 33 0

 85 to 119 20,270 53 0 2,032 6,158 2,599 6,185 2,583 346 112 0 0 202 0

 50 to 84 50,194 144 2 6,274 13,039 6,388 15,610 7,560 349 194 0 0 634 0

 20 to 49 11,049 12 9 1,492 1,871 1,794 3,537 1,945 70 22 0 0 297 0

 Other forest 1,160 0 0 2 0 0 11 361 12 0 0 66 615 91

 Reserved 2,699 27 0 86 189 134 293 570 17 12 0 14 198 1,159

 Total 88,663 565 11 10,085 22,416 11,520 26,370 13,238 801 346 0 80 1,979 1,250

South Central:

 120 + 32,038 34 0 746 9,837 5,582 8,831 6,341 524 90 0 0 54 0

 85 to 119 35,893 20 0 1,313 10,364 6,236 12,181 5,214 348 144 0 0 74 0

 50 to 84 33,138 32 0 937 6,133 5,120 16,452 3,771 353 218 0 0 122 0

 20 to 49 15,126 21 0 136 1,158 1,485 10,785 862 303 360 0 0 17 0

 Other forest 8,040 0 0 0 81 51 3,132 5 21 0 0 4,744 6 0

 Reserved 1,202 6 0 6 107 112 438 40 6 0 0 0 107 380

 Total 125,437 113 0 3,138 27,680 18,586 51,819 16,233 1,555 812 0 4,744 380 380

East total:

 120 + 43,086 1,523 750 945 11,136 6,419 11,379 6,654 1,422 2,272 489 0 97 0

 85 to 119 82,243 2,319 2,157 3,345 16,760 9,367 25,086 7,916 2,553 7,408 4,999 0 332 0

 50 to 84 138,331 3,754 4,424 7,211 19,603 12,723 50,980 11,516 3,236 16,583 7,470 0 833 0

 20 to 49 96,773 3,562 7,865 1,628 4,483 4,895 36,547 3,179 5,088 25,092 3,859 0 574 0

 Other forest 12,267 83 1,196 2 166 208 3,663 399 360 266 124 4,810 896 93

 Reserved 11,726 429 1,068 92 382 290 2,595 620 346 3,100 901 15 343 1,547

 Total 384,426 11,670 17,460 13,223 52,530 33,902 130,250 30,284 13,005 54,721 17,842 4,825 3,075 1,640

Table 6—Forest land area in the Eastern United States by forest type group, subregion, productivity class, and ownership group, 1997 

All ownership groups

 

Forest type group

Thousand acres
74

Table 6— (continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other

productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast:

 120 + 39 5 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 24 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 129 11 17 0 6 3 58 0 0 34 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 554 21 38 0 7 18 157 0 0 306 8 0 0 0

 20 to 49 1,307 8 76 0 21 7 316 0 0 822 57 0 0 0

 Other forest 235 0 171 0 0 0 5 0 12 24 0 0 23 0

 Reserved 279 0 54 0 0 0 8 0 0 182 36 0 0 0

 Total 2,543 45 356 0 34 28 554 0 12 1,392 101 0 23 0

North Central:

 120 + 342 157 67 0 6 7 39 3 3 22 37 0 0 0

 85 to 119 1,549 274 203 0 12 3 153 0 27 308 568 0 0 0

 50 to 84 3,307 279 276 0 16 100 1,000 5 50 877 699 0 4 0

 20 to 49 2,676 224 672 0 162 73 581 0 208 423 323 0 9 0

 Other forest 90 0 36 0 0 16 18 0 2 0 1 0 17 0

 Reserved 1,100 205 227 0 3 14 113 0 35 74 429 0 0 0

 Total 9,064 1,139 1,481 0 199 213 1,904 8 325 1,704 2,057 0 30 0

Southeast:

 120 + 281 51 0 4 45 53 110 11 0 6 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 832 2 0 76 227 83 369 40 7 27 0 0 2 0

 50 to 84 2,310 38 2 268 379 272 1,162 126 0 38 0 0 25 0

 20 to 49 1,171 4 4 144 164 165 586 93 0 4 0 0 7 0

 Other forest 52 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52

 Reserved 823 27 0 24 77 45 155 64 3 12 0 8 61 349

 Total 5,469 122 6 516 892 618 2,382 334 10 87 0 8 95 401

South Central:

 120 + 1,528 17 0 100 605 399 264 131 0 11 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 1,512 11 0 139 645 328 324 53 0 11 0 0 0 0

 50 to 84 2,619 15 0 124 772 523 1,139 23 0 22 0 0 0 0

 20 to 49 799 11 0 18 87 101 560 0 0 22 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 11 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Reserved 402 5 0 6 64 32 96 0 0 0 0 0 96 103

 Total 6,871 59 0 387 2,173 1,383 2,394 207 0 66 0 0 96 103

East total:

 120 + 2,190 231 67 105 656 460 423 145 3 63 37 0 0 0

 85 to 119 4,022 298 220 216 890 417 904 93 34 380 568 0 2 0

 50 to 84 8,789 353 317 392 1,174 913 3,457 154 50 1,243 707 0 29 0

 20 to 49 5,953 247 753 162 434 346 2,043 93 208 1,271 380 0 17 0

 Other forest 389 0 207 0 0 16 34 0 14 24 1 0 40 52

 Reserved 2,604 237 281 29 144 91 371 64 38 268 465 8 156 452

 Total 23,947 1,366 1,845 904 3,298 2,243 7,232 549 347 3,249 2,158 8 244 504

National forest

Thousand acres

Forest type group
75

Table 6—(continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other

productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast:

 120 + 234 49 49 0 2 5 44 0 21 57 7 0 0 0

 85 to 119 603 130 27 0 23 51 168 6 21 158 19 0 0 0

 50 to 84 1,884 168 206 0 57 58 765 28 24 479 98 0 0 0

 20 to 49 4,853 234 106 0 285 133 2,042 29 144 1,740 140 0 0 0

 Other forest 136 4 24 0 8 0 25 8 20 39 6 0 2 0

 Reserved 4,659 90 583 0 74 15 1,101 2 35 2,572 154 0 34 0

 Total 12,369 675 995 0 449 262 4,145 73 265 5,045 424 0 36 0

North Central:

 120 + 612 152 138 0 6 13 53 0 40 78 132 0 0 0

 85 to 119 2,814 321 273 0 0 3 292 7 213 402 1,292 0 11 0

 50 to 84 5,593 420 474 0 4 21 1,025 7 297 1,307 2,016 0 22 0

 20 to 49 5,740 503 2,148 0 29 15 748 23 744 741 723 0 66 0

 Other forest 763 0 621 0 0 0 14 13 31 2 25 0 57 0

 Reserved 1,656 62 172 0 9 14 631 7 239 245 268 1 3 6

 Total 17,178 1,458 3,826 0 48 66 2,763 57 1,564 2,775 4,456 1 159 6

Southeast:

 120 + 140 3 0 35 52 25 16 7 1 0 0 0 0 0

 85 to 119 904 4 0 191 257 109 160 158 19 2 0 0 4 0

 50 to 84 2,453 6 0 525 516 218 483 650 19 0 0 0 35 0

 20 to 49 1,283 0 0 346 212 290 181 225 1 2 0 0 26 0

 Other forest 750 0 0 1 0 0 2 252 2 0 0 49 420 24

 Reserved 1,876 0 0 62 113 90 138 506 14 0 0 6 138 810

 Total 7,406 13 0 1,160 1,150 732 980 1,798 56 4 0 55 623 834

South Central:

 120 + 1,368 0 0 28 258 219 317 479 61 0 0 0 7 0

 85 to 119 1,512 6 0 29 209 192 411 574 62 5 0 0 24 0

 50 to 84 1,399 5 0 51 115 178 641 344 54 6 0 0 5 0

 20 to 49 681 0 0 12 59 100 394 107 0 9 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 58 0 0 0 13 0 41 0 4 0 0 0 0 0

 Reserved 795 1 0 0 43 80 342 40 6 0 0 0 6 277

 Total 5,813 12 0 120 697 769 2,146 1,544 187 20 0 0 42 277

East total:

 120 + 2,354 203 187 63 318 263 430 486 122 136 138 0 7 0

 85 to 119 5,833 461 300 220 489 354 1031 746 314 568 1,311 0 39 0

 50 to 84 11,329 599 681 576 693 475 2,914 1,029 395 1,791 2,114 0 62 0

 20 to 49 12,557 737 2,255 357 584 539 3,365 383 888 2,493 863 0 92 0

 Other forest 1,707 4 645 1 22 0 82 273 57 40 31 49 479 24

 Reserved 8,986 152 755 62 238 199 2,212 556 293 2,817 423 7 180 1,092

 Total 42,766 2,156 4,823 1,279 2,344 1,830 10,034 3,473 2,069 7,845 4,880 56 859 1,116

Other public

Forest type group

Thousand acres
76

Table 6—(continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other

productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast:

 120 + 241 35 46 0 18 2 52 0 12 71 7 0 0 0

 85 to 119 1,121 43 378 0 10 24 179 3 6 417 62 0 0 0

 50 to 84 3,696 139 1,497 0 38 38 317 7 39 1,277 343 0 0 0

 20 to 49 5,938 166 1,389 0 30 62 350 3 27 3,455 441 0 15 0

 Other forest 162 0 108 0 0 0 0 0 21 7 6 0 21 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 11,158 383 3,418 0 96 126 898 13 105 5,227 859 0 36 0

North Central:

 120 + 121 15 46 0 0 0 15 0 2 21 24 0 0 0

 85 to 119 698 79 103 0 0 2 32 0 17 183 279 0 4 0

 50 to 84 1,496 101 150 0 4 14 180 0 48 670 328 0 1 0

 20 to 49 1,480 71 409 0 13 16 194 0 136 528 112 0 1 0

 Other forest 18 0 11 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 3 0

 Reserved 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 3,815 268 719 0 17 32 422 0 204 1,402 744 0 9 0

Southeast:

 120 + 381 12 0 46 186 57 27 33 3 0 0 0 16 0

 85 to 119 3,337 0 0 648 1,525 283 344 403 51 1 0 0 82 0

 50 to 84 9,143 5 0 2,112 3,648 715 843 1,607 50 1 0 0 162 0

 20 to 49 1,648 0 0 276 412 208 150 504 16 0 0 0 81 0

 Other forest 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 14,512 17 0 3,082 5,771 1,263 1,364 2,548 120 2 0 0 342 0

South Central:

 120 + 7,503 5 0 273 3,222 1,210 1,259 1,433 83 0 0 0 19 0

 85 to 119 8,623 0 0 498 4,095 1,632 1,467 892 24 0 0 0 16 0

 50 to 84 5,529 0 0 355 2,404 966 1,220 538 16 7 0 0 23 0

 20 to 49 874 0 0 28 270 121 378 69 3 6 0 0 0 0

 Other forest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 22,529 5 0 1,154 9,991 3,929 4,324 2,932 126 13 0 0 58 0

East total:

 120 + 8,247 66 91 319 3,426 1,269 1,354 1,466 99 92 31 0 35 0

 85 to 119 13,779 122 481 1,146 5,630 1,940 2,021 1,299 98 600 341 0 102 0

 50 to 84 19,863 245 1,647 2,467 6,094 1,733 2,560 2,152 153 1,955 671 0 186 0

 20 to 49 9,940 237 1,798 304 725 407 1,072 576 181 3,989 552 0 97 0

 Other forest 182 0 119 0 0 0 1 1 22 7 7 0 25 0

 Reserved 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 52,013 672 4,136 4,236 15,875 5,349 7,008 5,494 553 6,643 1,602 0 445 0

Forest type group

Thousand acres

 Forest industry
77

Table 6—(continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other

productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast:

 120 + 3,031 315 197 0 67 137 919 38 298 1,032 27 0 0 0

 85 to 119 8,039 935 806 0 164 374 3,094 47 181 1,932 501 0 5 0

 50 to 84 16,972 2,016 1,156 0 262 700 5,898 104 372 5,491 968 0 5 0

 20 to 49 30,282 2,002 1,589 0 560 814 10,058 158 1,164 12,745 1,116 0 78 0

 Other forest 1,064 69 138 0 65 64 226 12 191 144 61 0 94 0

 Reserved 25 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 7 0 0 0

 Total 59,413 5,337 3,892 0 1,118 2,089 20,195 359 2,206 21,356 2,680 0 182 0

North Central:

 120 + 3,135 432 207 0 41 68 682 52 517 871 255 0 10 0

 85 to 119 11,126 453 351 0 24 73 2,744 54 1,395 3,718 2,278 0 36 0

 50 to 84 21,498 433 623 0 43 266 9,576 33 1,704 5,764 3,010 0 45 0

 20 to 49 18,323 321 1,466 0 354 496 7,937 160 2,293 4,256 949 0 91 0

 Other forest 599 10 87 0 12 76 231 0 50 50 23 0 58 2

 Reserved 104 38 26 0 0 0 12 0 14 4 7 0 1 2

 Total 54,785 1,687 2,760 0 474 979 21,182 299 5,973 14,663 6,522 0 241 4

Southeast:

 120 + 2,490 263 0 114 877 469 580 168 3 0 0 0 16 0

 85 to 119 15,197 47 0 1,117 4,149 2,125 5,313 1,981 270 83 0 0 113 0

 50 to 84 36,288 95 0 3,369 8,496 5,182 13,122 5,178 279 155 0 0 412 0

 20 to 49 6,946 8 5 726 1,084 1,131 2,619 1,123 53 15 0 0 182 0

 Other forest 355 0 0 1 0 0 9 109 9 0 0 17 194 15

 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 61,276 413 5 5,327 14,606 8,907 21,643 8,559 614 253 0 17 917 15

South Central:

 120 + 21,639 12 0 345 5,753 3,754 6,991 4,299 380 78 0 0 28 0

 85 to 119 24,247 3 0 647 5,415 4,085 9,979 3,694 261 128 0 0 34 0

 50 to 84 23,592 11 0 407 2,842 3,453 13,453 2,866 283 184 0 0 93 0

 20 to 49 12,772 10 0 79 741 1,163 9,453 685 300 324 0 0 17 0

 Other forest 7,971 0 0 0 67 51 3,080 5 17 0 0 4,744 6 0

 Reserved 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0

 Total 90,227 36 0 1,478 14,818 12,506 42,956 11,549 1,241 714 0 4,744 184 0

East total:

 120 + 30,295 1,022 404 458 6,737 4,427 9,172 4,557 1,198 1,982 283 0 55 0

 85 to 119 58,609 1,438 1,157 1,764 9,751 6,656 21,130 5,778 2,106 5,860 2,779 0 189 0

 50 to 84 98,350 2,556 1,779 3,776 11,643 9,601 42,049 8,181 2,638 11,593 3,978 0 556 0

 20 to 49 68,323 2,341 3,059 805 2,739 3,603 30,066 2,127 3,810 17,340 2,064 0 367 0

 Other forest 9,989 79 225 1 144 192 3,546 126 267 195 84 4,761 352 17

 Reserved 135 38 32 0 0 0 12 0 14 16 13 0 7 2

Total 265,701 7,474 6,656 6,804 31,014 24,479 105,975 20,769 10,033 36,986 9,201 4,761 1,526 19

a Productivity classes are displayed as cubic feet per acre per year.

b Poorly stocked reserved and other forest lands have insufficient data to determine a forest type.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Thousand acres

Nonindustrial private

Forest type group
78

Table 7—Forest land area in the Eastern and Western United States by rural-urban continuum class and 

 forest type group, 1997

Major Intermediate- Large Small

Forest type group Total metro small metro town town Rural

East:

 White-red-jack pine 11,669 1,958 2,275 452 4,765 2,218

 Spruce-fir 17,460 275 2,250 2,436 9,738 2,760

 Longleaf-slash pine 13,223 2,726 1,387 384 5,979 2,746

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 52,530 8,851 5,567 1,893 25,295 10,924

 Oak-pine 33,901 6,588 3,872 1,087 15,139 7,216

 Oak-hickory 130,250 25,809 15,597 2,948 55,276 30,621

 Oak-gum-cypress 30,285 5,935 3,891 950 14,341 5,169

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 13,004 3,225 1,915 527 5,464 1,873

 Maple-beech-birch 54,722 8,255 7,958 4,115 25,503 8,891

 Aspen-birch 17,842 514 2,755 1,028 8,893 4,652

 Other forest types 4,825 29 105 683 2,051 1,957

 Nonstocked 3,075 692 761 63 1,001 558

 Unknowna 1,640 458 155 57 436 534

East total: 384,426 65,315 48,490 16,622 173,879 80,120

West:

 Douglas-fir 41,875 4,489 6,460 4,259 14,515 12,152

 Ponderosa pine 33,151 2,193 2,795 4,726 12,237 11,200

 Western white pine 591 175 37 12 331 36

 Fir-spruce 69,686 2,141 2,057 2,696 10,608 52,185

 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 21,418 1,533 1,934 1,119 3,280 13,552

 Larch 1,274 4 42 245 657 327

 Lodgepole pine 17,515 205 390 2,421 5,337 9,162

 Redwood 916 201 302 343 69 0

 Other softwoods 42,519 6,264 5,359 3,277 9,541 18,077

 Western hardwoods 75,001 3,625 839 484 3,554 66,499

 Pinyon-juniper 49,416 2,932 2,920 8,887 17,607 17,070

 Chaparral 5,187 3,324 612 29 1,000 221

 Nonstocked 3,693 247 372 677 604 1,794

 Unknowna

291 36 29 175 25 25

West total: 362,532 27,369 24,148 29,350 79,365 202,299

United States: 746,958 92,684 72,638 45,972 253,245 282,419

a Some low productivity and reserved forest land has not been inventoried and its forest type group remains unclassified.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Predominant county population continuum class

Thousand acres
79

Table 8—Area of planted and natural forest land in the Northern, Southern, and Western United States by forest type group and

 major ownership group, 1997.

Forest type groupa

Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural

Northern:

White-red-jack pine 10,991 2,729 8,262 1,185 554 631 2,132 715 1,417

Spruce-fir 17,449 469 16,980 1,838 69 1,769 4,822 112 4,710

Longleaf-slash pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 2,434 252 2,183 233 87 147 496 27 470

Oak-pine 3,794 188 3,606 241 32 209 329 33 296

Oak-hickory 52,062 256 51,806 2,456 14 2,443 6,908 29 6,880

Oak-gum-cypress 812 4 808 8 0 8 130 0 130

Elm-ash-cottonwood 10,651 79 10,571 337 0 337 1,828 14 1,814

Maple-beech-birch 53,565 270 53,295 3,096 18 3,079 7,820 38 7,782

Aspen-birch 17,842 60 17,782 2,159 2 2,156 4,881 3 4,877

Other forest types 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1

Nonstocked 716 13 704 54 0 54 195 1 194

Unknownb

10 0 10 0 0 0 6 0 6

Northern Total: 170,326 4,319 166,007 11,608 775 10,833 29,548 973 28,575

Southern:

White-red-jack pine 677 104 573 182 6 175 24 1 23

Spruce-fir 11 0 11 6 0 6 0 0 0

Longleaf-slash pine 13,223 7,839 5,384 903 254 650 1,279 391 888

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 50,096 22,085 28,011 3,064 694 2,371 1,847 370 1,477

Oak-pine 30,107 3,950 26,157 2,002 172 1,830 1,501 88 1,414

Oak-hickory 78,189 1,533 76,656 4,776 94 4,682 3,125 22 3,103

Oak-gum-cypress 29,473 158 29,315 542 0 542 3,342 14 3,329

Elm-ash-cottonwood 2,354 41 2,313 10 0 10 242 0 242

Maple-beech-birch 1,157 8 1,150 152 0 152 25 0 25

Aspen-birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other forest types 4,824 0 4,824 8 0 8 55 0 55

Nonstocked 2,358 87 2,271 191 3 188 665 8 658

Unknownb

1,630 0 1,630 504 0 504 1,111 0 1,111

Southern Total: 214,100 35,805 178,295 12,340 1,223 11,117 13,217 893 12,324

Westernc

:

Douglas-fir 41,875 7,402 c 34,473 22,598 c c 6,117 c c

Ponderosa pine 33,151 2,328 c 30,823 17,386 c c 2,605 c c

Western white pine 591 45 c 546 540 c c 9 c c

Fir-spruce 69,686 1,216 c 68,470 23,091 c c 21,781 c c

Hemlock-Sitka spruce 21,418 194 c 21,224 14,583 c c 3,098 c c

Larch 1,274 859 c 415 789 c c 102 c c

Lodgepole pine 17,515 988 c 16,527 12,748 c c 2,915 c c

Redwood 916 0 c 916 8 c c 259 c c

Other softwoods 42,519 195 c 42,324 9,181 c c 11,474 c c

Western hardwoods 75,001 397 c 74,604 8,505 c c 53,424 c c

Pinyon-juniper 49,416 0 c 49,416 11,430 c c 22,706 c c

Chaparral 5,187 0 c 5,187 126 c c 1,695 c c

Nonstocked 3,693 0 c 3,693 1,843 c c 468 c c

Unknownb

291 0 c 291 0 c c 282 c c

Western Total: 362,532 13,624 c 348,908 122,829 c c 126,933 c c

United States: 746,958 53,748 c 693,210 146,777 c c 169,699 c c

All owners National Forest Other public

Thousand acres
80

Table 8—(continued).

Forest type groupa

Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural

Northern:

White-red-jack pine 650 210 439 7,025 1,249 5,775

Spruce-fir 4,137 85 4,052 6,651 203 6,448

Longleaf-slash pine 0 0 0 0 0 0

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 114 38 76 1,591 100 1,490

Oak-pine 156 4 152 3,067 119 2,949

Oak-hickory 1,319 25 1,294 41,377 188 41,189

Oak-gum-cypress 13 0 13 660 4 656

Elm-ash-cottonwood 308 0 308 8,178 65 8,113

Maple-beech-birch 6,628 32 6,597 36,020 182 35,838

Aspen-birch 1,602 8 1,593 9,201 46 9,155

Other forest types 0 0 0 0 0 0

Nonstocked 45 3 42 423 9 414

Unknownb 00 0 404

Northern Total: 14,972 405 14,567 114,197 2,166 112,031

Southern:

White-red-jack pine 21 14 7 450 83 367

Spruce-fir 0 0 0 5 0 5

Longleaf-slash pine 4,236 3,491 744 6,805 3,703 3,102

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 15,761 10,946 4,815 29,423 10,075 19,348

Oak-pine 5,192 1,775 3,416 21,412 1,915 19,498

Oak-hickory 5,688 623 5,065 64,599 794 63,805

Oak-gum-cypress 5,480 49 5,431 20,109 95 20,014

Elm-ash-cottonwood 246 15 231 1,856 26 1,830

Maple-beech-birch 14 0 14 966 8 959

Aspen-birch 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other forest types 0 0 0 4,761 0 4,761

Nonstocked 400 33 367 1,102 43 1,059

Unknownb

0 0 0 15 0 15

Southern Total: 37,040 16,948 20,092 151,503 16,742 134,761

Westernc

:

Douglas-fir 5,899 c c 7,261 c c

Ponderosa pine 2,562 c c 10,597 c c

Western white pine 16 c c 26 c c

Fir-spruce 1,550 c c 23,265 c c

Hemlock-Sitka spruce 1,868 c c 1,869 c c

Larch 168 c c 215 c c

Lodgepole pine 557 c c 1,296 c c

Redwood 399 c c 250 c c

Other softwoods 1,991 c c 19,873 c c

Western hardwoods 103 c c 12,969 c c

Pinyon-juniper 127 c c 15,153 c c

Chaparral 91 c c 3,275 c c

Nonstocked 343 c c 1,038 c c

Unknownb

 — c c 9 c c

Western Total: 15,675 c c 97,095 c c

United States: 67,687 c c 362,796 c c

a Forest type reflects the current dominant species by plurality of stocking and may not reflect the

actual species planted at the time of stand origin.

b Some low productivity and reserved forest land has not been inventoried and its forest type group

remains unclassified.

c Approximately 13.6 million acres of forest in the West are planted, primarily to augment natural 

regeneration after a harvest and assure adequate stocking of desired species. The

species planted are usually native, making these stands difficult to detect during field sampling.

Additionally, there are thousands of acres of more traditional "plantations" such as those found in the

east that are not currently identified during field sampling. Refer to the text accompanying 

this report for a discussion of planted forest in the west.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Thousand acres

Forest industry Nonindustrial private
81

Table 9—Forest land area in the United States by average d.b.h. class and forest

 type group, 1997

UnForest type group Total 1.0-4.9 5.0-9.9 10.0+ determineda

East:

 White-red-jack pine 11,669 1,502 2,695 7,472 1

 Spruce-fir 17,460 6,114 6,504 4,630 211

 Longleaf-slash pine 13,223 4,458 4,207 4,502 55

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 52,530 16,795 15,140 20,461 134

 Oak-pine 33,901 12,034 8,416 13,417 33

 Oak-hickory 130,250 28,311 36,568 63,517 1,854

 Oak-gum-cypress 30,285 5,413 6,040 18,170 661

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 13,004 3,241 3,764 5,970 29

 Maple-beech-birch 54,722 8,770 17,307 28,645 0

 Aspen-birch 17,842 6,695 7,182 3,961 4

 Other forest types 4,825 0 1 0 4,824

 Nonstocked 3,075 2,367 0 0 708

 Unknownb 1,640 7 0 8 1,625

East total: 384,426 95,709 107,824 170,754 10,139

West:

 Douglas-fir 41,875 6,607 3,879 29,586 1,804

 Ponderosa pine 33,151 4,095 3,133 24,905 1,017

 Western white pine 591 118 47 381 45

 Fir-spruce 69,686 14,422 5,577 25,078 24,609

 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 21,418 2,312 1,217 13,520 4,369

 Larch 1,274 240 254 742 38

 Lodgepole pine 17,515 2,944 5,689 6,489 2,394

 Redwood 916 32 43 666 174

 Other softwoods 75,001 4,801 1,261 2,237 66,702

 Western hardwoods 42,519 7,189 12,916 11,447 10,967

 Pinyon-juniper 49,416 5,914 16,658 21,492 5,352

 Chaparral 5,187 31 10 84 5,061

 Nonstocked 3,693 2,652 8 0 1,034

 Unknownb 291 0 0 0 291

West total: 362,532 51,358 50,690 136,627 123,857

United States: 746,958 147,066 158,514 307,381 133,996

a Undetermined stands are predominantly in reserved and low productivity forests that

currently do not have field data to establish average d.b.h.

b Some low productivity and reserved forest land has not been inventoried and its forest

type group remains unclassified.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Average d.b.h class (inches)

Thousand acres
82

Table 10—Timberland area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953 

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

North:

 Northeast: 

 Connecticut 1997 1,815 249 10 0 0 10 163 77 1,565 0 1,565

 1987 1,776 246 16 0 0 16 156 74 1,530 0 1,530

 1977 1,806 147 2 0 0 2 120 24 1,659 0 1,659

 1963 1,894 155 1 0 0 1 122 32 1,739 3 1,736

 1953 1,973 155 1 0 0 1 122 32 1,818 3 1,815 

 Delaware 1997 376 13 0 0 0 0 13 0 363 31 332

 1987 388 14 0 0 0 0 14 0 374 30 344

 1977 384 14 1 0 0 1 13 0 370 30 341

 1963 391 9 1 0 0 1 8 0 382 25 357

 1953 392 13 1 0 0 1 10 2 379 21 358

 

 Maine 1997 16,952 629 51 32 0 20 469 109 16,323 7,298 9,024

 1987 17,174 495 76 46 0 30 331 88 16,679 8,286 8,393

 1977 16,864 541 73 38 0 36 354 114 16,323 8,083 8,240

 1963 16,779 205 66 39 0 27 64 75 16,574 6,521 10,053

 1953 16,609 182 90 39 0 51 41 51 16,427 6,617 9,810 

 Maryland 1997 2,423 281 22 0 0 22 236 23 2,143 137 2,006

 1987 2,462 280 22 0 0 22 236 22 2,182 133 2,049

 1977 2,523 243 25 0 0 25 185 33 2,280 139 2,141

 1963 2,846 214 54 0 0 54 128 32 2,632 57 2,575

 1953 2,855 214 54 0 0 54 128 32 2,641 57 2,584 

 Massachusetts 1997 2,965 480 48 0 0 48 275 157 2,486 71 2,415

1987 3,010 474 40 0 0 40 292 142 2,536 81 2,455

 1977 2,798 365 10 0 0 10 240 116 2,432 30 2,402

 1963 3,041 399 29 0 0 29 280 90 2,642 30 2,612

 1953 3,259 399 29 0 0 29 280 90 2,860 259 2,601 

 New Hampshire 1997 4,551 793 440 417 0 22 228 125 3,758 513 3,246

1987 4,803 788 536 506 0 30 133 119 4,015 662 3,353

 1977 4,692 580 472 459 0 13 79 29 4,112 947 3,165

 1963 4,938 697 579 569 0 10 66 52 4,241 793 3,448

 1953 4,819 682 585 580 0 5 45 52 4,137 771 3,366

 New Jersey 1997 1,864 500 49 0 0 49 351 100 1,364 0 1,364

 1987 1,914 533 246 0 0 246 224 63 1,381 0 1,381

 1977 1,857 319 28 0 0 28 246 45 1,538 16 1,522

 1963 2,262 254 17 0 0 17 237 0 2,008 4 2,004

 1953 2,050 181 1 0 0 1 130 50 1,869 4 1,865

 New York 1997 15,406 1,154 86 9 0 77 852 215 14,252 1,220 13,032

 1987 15,798 1,215 123 6 0 117 899 193 14,583 1,116 13,467

 1977 15,405 979 95 6 0 89 721 163 14,426 1,034 13,392

 1963 13,417 895 98 0 0 98 714 83 12,522 1,172 11,350

 1953 11,952 895 98 0 0 98 714 83 11,057 1,172 9,885

 Pennsylvania 1997 15,853 3,519 498 446 0 51 2,788 233 12,334 613 11,721

 1987 15,918 3,487 543 478 0 65 2,731 213 12,431 879 11,552

 1977 15,924 3,471 503 485 0 18 2,796 173 12,453 964 11,489

 1963 16,279 3,300 485 450 0 35 2,659 156 12,979 442 12,537

 1953 14,574 3,229 492 454 0 38 2,580 157 11,345 442 10,903

 Public Privatea

Thousand acres

Federal
83

Table 10—(continued)

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal 'forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

 Rhode Island 1997 356 69 5 0 0 5 64 0 287 0 287

 1987 368 78 3 0 0 3 68 7 290 0 290

 1977 395 32 0 0 0 0 20 12 363 0 363

 1963 429 26 0 0 0 0 13 13 403 0 403

 1953 430 26 0 0 0 0 13 13 404 0 404

 

 Vermont 1997 4,461 593 251 221 0 31 271 70 3,868 227 3,642

 1987 4,424 660 251 251 0 0 330 79 3,764 352 3,412

 1977 4,430 422 213 209 0 4 168 41 4,008 666 3,342

 1963 4,211 329 231 223 0 8 79 19 3,882 528 3,354

 1953 3,846 297 199 191 0 8 79 19 3,549 528 3,021 

 West Virginia 1997 11,900 1,324 1,033 904 0 128 253 38 10,576 887 9,689

 1987 11,799 1,320 1,070 916 0 154 250 0 10,479 1,036 9,443

 1977 11,484 1,121 892 853 0 39 229 0 10,363 880 9,483

 1963 11,389 1,036 883 869 0 14 144 9 10,353 530 9,823

 1953 10,276 982 895 881 0 14 83 4 9,294 270 9,024

 Northeast total: 1997 78,923 9,603 2,491 2,029 0 462 5,966 1,146 69,320 10,996 58,324

1987 79,834 9,590 2,926 2,203 0 723 5,665 1,000 70,244 12,575 57,669

 1977 78,561 8,233 2,312 2,049 0 263 5,171 750 70,328 12,789 57,539

 1963 77,875 7,519 2,444 2,150 0 294 4,514 561 70,356 10,105 60,251

 1953 73,035 7,255 2,445 2,145 0 300 4,225 585 65,780 10,144 55,636 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 1997 4,058 417 321 254 0 66 55 42 3,641 13 3,628

1987 4,030 389 292 226 0 66 55 42 3,641 13 3,628

 1977 4,033 330 273 211 0 62 22 35 3,703 15 3,688

 1963 4,034 240 229 188 0 42 11 0 3,794 17 3,777

1953 3,830 226 216 184 0 32 10 0 3,604 10 3,594

 Indiana 1997 4,342 624 373 170 0 203 238 13 3,719 17 3,701

 1987 4,296 535 329 166 0 163 177 29 3,761 18 3,743

 1977 3,815 410 239 162 0 77 170 1 3,405 27 3,378

 1963 3,930 294 177 112 0 65 115 2 3,636 9 3,627

 1953 4,015 283 172 112 0 60 109 2 3,732 9 3,723

 Iowa 1997 1,944 156 44 0 0 44 74 38 1,788 0 1,788

 1987 1,460 102 43 0 0 43 52 7 1,358 0 1,358

 1977 1,460 111 55 0 0 55 51 5 1,350 17 1,333

 1963 2,000 53 29 3 0 26 22 3 1,947 6 1,940

 1953 2,595 36 12 3 0 9 22 2 2,559 0 2,559

 Michigan 1997 18,667 6,628 2,643 2,593 0 50 3,728 256 12,039 1,514 10,525

 1987 17,364 6,288 2,520 2,475 0 45 3,581 187 11,076 1,966 9,110

 1977 18,199 6,360 2,489 2,435 8 45 3,763 109 11,839 2,137 9,702

 1963 19,121 6,288 2,509 2,410 9 90 3,695 85 12,832 1,548 11,284

 1953 19,121 6,288 2,509 2,410 9 90 3,695 85 12,832 1,548 11,284

 Minnesota 1997 14,819 7,680 2,115 1,917 26 172 3,063 2,503 7,139 751 6,388

 1987 13,572 6,814 1,826 1,670 44 112 2,654 2,334 6,758 788 5,970

 1977 13,695 6,862 1,870 1,715 10 145 2,651 2,342 6,834 772 6,062

 1963 15,412 7,638 2,298 2,142 64 92 2,611 2,730 7,774 716 7,058

 1953 16,580 8,407 2,338 2,195 49 94 2,450 3,619 8,173 578 7,595

Federal

Thousand acres

 Public Privatea
84

Table 10—(continued)

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

 Missouri 1997 13,411 2,052 1,608 1,361 0 246 403 42 11,359 222 11,137

 1987 11,995 1,657 1,390 1,303 0 87 242 25 10,338 231 10,107

 1977 12,289 1,532 1,313 1,246 0 67 187 32 10,757 362 10,394

 1963 13,500 1,571 1,362 1,311 0 51 184 25 11,929 280 11,649

 1953 14,300 1,617 1,461 1,339 1 121 156 0 12,683 460 12,223

 Ohio 1997 7,568 531 220 216 0 4 227 84 7,036 174 6,862

 1987 7,141 423 171 171 0 0 173 79 6,718 186 6,532

 1977 6,916 411 168 159 0 9 202 42 6,505 186 6,319

 1963 6,041 360 88 88 0 0 231 41 5,681 74 5,607

 1953 5,450 297 88 88 0 0 168 41 5,153 30 5,123

 Wisconsin 1997 15,701 4,546 1,520 1,363 0 157 744 2,282 11,155 1,102 10,053

 1987 14,726 4,167 1,419 1,242 0 177 569 2,179 10,559 1,159 9,400

 1977 14,478 4,318 1,383 1,266 0 117 568 2,366 10,161 1,148 9,012

 1963 14,693 4,459 1,487 1,372 5 110 541 2,431 10,234 933 9,301

 1953 15,349 4,720 1,624 1,357 5 262 444 2,652 10,629 942 9,687

 North Central total: 1997 80,510 22,633 8,843 7,874 26 942 8,530 5,260 57,877 3,795 54,082

1987 74,584 20,375 7,990 7,253 44 693 7,503 4,882 54,209 4,361 49,848

 1977 74,885 20,333 7,790 7,194 18 578 7,613 4,931 54,552 4,664 49,887

 1963 78,731 20,905 8,179 7,626 78 476 7,410 5,316 57,826 3,583 54,243

 1953 81,240 21,875 8,420 7,688 64 668 7,054 6,401 59,365 3,577 55,788 

 North total: 1997 159,433 32,237 11,334 9,904 26 1,404 14,497 6,406 127,197 14,791 112,406

1987 154,418 29,965 10,916 9,456 44 1,416 13,168 5,882 124,453 16,936 107,517

1977 153,446 28,566 10,102 9,243 18 841 12,784 5,681 124,880 17,453 107,426

1963 156,606 28,424 10,623 9,776 78 770 11,924 5,877 128,182 13,688 114,494

1953 154,275 29,130 10,865 9,833 64 968 11,279 6,986 125,145 13,721 111,424 

South:

 Southeast: 

 Florida 1997 14,605 2,786 1,570 984 0 586 1,138 78 11,819 4,016 7,803

 1987 14,983 2,434 1,561 990 0 571 814 59 12,549 4,770 7,779

 1977 15,843 2,151 1,579 1,005 0 574 532 40 13,692 4,658 9,034

 1963 16,830 2,201 1,621 1,030 3 588 540 40 14,629 4,767 9,862

 1953 18,135 2,215 1,777 1,035 14 728 382 56 15,920 4,369 11,551

 Georgia 1997 23,796 1,751 1,380 711 0 669 260 111 22,045 4,381 17,664

 1987 23,660 1,609 1,421 790 0 631 118 70 22,051 4,983 17,068

 1977 24,106 1,589 1,453 813 0 640 100 36 22,517 4,629 17,888

 1963 26,298 1,813 1,678 746 0 932 111 24 24,485 4,068 20,417

 1953 23,969 1,685 1,560 644 0 916 102 23 22,284 4,246 18,038

 North Carolina 1997 18,639 1,878 1,448 1,011 0 437 346 84 16,760 2,252 14,508

1987 18,749 1,861 1,440 1,025 0 415 339 82 16,888 2,337 14,551

 1977 19,435 1,717 1,319 1,029 0 290 320 78 17,718 2,140 15,578

 1963 19,989 1,664 1,291 1,033 0 257 307 66 18,326 2,495 15,831

 1953 19,582 1,540 1,251 1,020 0 232 253 36 18,043 2,584 15,459

 South Carolina 1997 12,419 1,078 867 524 0 343 177 33 11,341 2,322 9,019

1987 12,179 1,173 913 577 0 336 233 27 11,006 2,626 8,380

 1977 12,496 1,085 895 573 0 322 167 23 11,411 2,215 9,196

 1963 12,170 1,034 858 564 0 294 153 23 11,137 2,010 9,127

 1953 11,884 955 802 563 0 239 128 25 10,929 1,650 9,279

Federal

Thousand acres

 Public Privatea
85

Table 10—(continued)

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

 Virginia 1997 15,345 1,880 1,586 1,365 0 221 211 83 13,465 1,537 11,927

 1987 15,570 1,993 1,707 1,486 0 221 209 77 13,577 1,834 11,743

 1977 15,939 1,921 1,669 1,424 0 245 183 69 14,018 1,670 12,348

 1963 15,752 1,536 1,395 1,203 0 192 88 52 14,218 1,454 12,764

 1953 15,497 1,493 1,355 1,198 0 157 86 52 14,004 1,095 12,909

 Southeast total: 1997 84,803 9,373 6,851 4,594 0 2,257 2,133 389 75,430 14,508 60,922

1987 85,141 9,070 7,042 4,868 0 2,174 1,713 315 76,071 16,550 59,521

 1977 87,818 8,462 6,914 4,843 0 2,071 1,303 246 79,356 15,312 64,044

 1963 91,040 8,246 6,842 4,575 3 2,264 1,199 205 82,794 14,794 68,000

 1953 89,067 7,887 6,745 4,459 14 2,272 951 192 81,180 13,944 67,236 

South Central: 

 Alabama 1997 21,911 1,130 823 573 0 250 212 95 20,781 4,796 15,985

 1987 21,659 1,161 951 689 5 257 147 63 20,498 4,464 16,034

 1977 21,498 1,091 860 659 0 201 172 59 20,407 4,330 16,077

 1963 21,744 1,003 800 630 3 167 157 46 20,741 3,818 16,923

 1953 20,756 968 791 616 10 165 150 27 19,788 3,138 16,650

 Arkansas 1997 18,392 3,275 2,813 2,350 0 463 394 67 15,118 4,498 10,620

 1987 16,673 3,011 2,659 2,329 0 330 311 41 13,662 4,240 9,422

 1977 16,793 2,918 2,658 2,350 1 307 240 20 13,875 4,156 9,719

 1963 19,971 2,856 2,651 2,385 3 263 194 11 17,115 4,007 13,108

 1953 19,627 2,916 2,799 2,292 122 385 115 2 16,711 4,157 12,554

 Kentucky 1997 12,347 1,004 863 628 0 235 141 0 11,344 205 11,139

 1987 11,909 890 856 583 0 273 34 0 11,019 205 10,814

 1977 11,902 895 819 589 0 230 76 1 11,007 255 10,752

 1963 11,651 652 575 438 0 137 77 0 10,999 308 10,691

 1953 11,497 725 672 455 0 217 53 0 10,772 308 10,464

 Louisiana 1997 13,693 1,214 707 477 0 230 300 207 12,479 3,899 8,579

 1987 13,872 1,331 833 621 0 212 330 168 12,541 3,603 8,938

 1977 14,292 1,024 715 581 1 133 299 10 13,268 3,773 9,495

 1963 16,036 883 704 575 11 118 174 5 15,153 3,032 12,121

 1953 16,039 848 666 535 4 127 177 5 15,191 3,166 12,025 

 Mississippi 1997 18,587 1,936 1,526 1,091 0 435 311 100 16,651 3,241 13,411

 1987 16,674 1,720 1,488 1,240 0 248 100 132 14,954 2,864 12,090

 1977 16,504 1,663 1,202 1,121 1 80 95 366 14,841 2,995 11,846

 1963 17,044 1,708 1,255 1,109 4 142 55 398 15,336 2,526 12,810

 1953 16,853 1,709 1,235 1,036 4 195 54 420 15,144 2,461 12,683

 Oklahoma 1997 6,234 574 435 214 0 221 118 21 5,659 1,049 4,610

1987 6,087 586 464 243 0 221 115 7 5,501 1,046 4,455

1977 5,536 448 342 219 0 123 91 15 5,088 1,009 4,079

1963 4,892 427 291 223 3 65 136 0 4,465 865 3,600

1953 5,075 494 309 213 7 89 185 0 4,581 889 3,692

 Tennessee 1997 13,265 1,509 1,027 556 0 471 422 59 11,757 1,122 10,635

 1987 12,840 1,360 958 581 6 371 373 29 11,480 1,220 10,260

 1977 12,862 1,161 856 558 0 298 283 22 11,701 1,212 10,489

 1963 13,365 1,199 834 591 0 243 344 21 12,166 923 11,243

 1953 12,551 1,114 806 564 0 242 298 10 11,437 713 10,724

Thousand acres

Federal

 Public Privatea
86

Table 10—(continued)

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

 

 Texas 1997 11,766 776 661 569 0 92 68 47 10,990 3,720 7,271

 1987 12,414 795 708 610 0 98 75 12 11,619 3,796 7,823

 1977 12,426 773 717 576 0 141 49 7 11,653 3,818 7,835

 1963 12,960 832 780 623 0 157 50 2 12,128 3,362 8,766

 1953 13,081 782 745 654 0 91 35 2 12,299 3,019 9,280

 South Central total: 1997 116,196 11,417 8,855 6,457 0 2,397 1,966 597 104,778 22,529 82,249

1987 112,128 10,854 8,917 6,896 11 2,010 1,485 452 101,274 21,438 79,836

 1977 111,812 9,973 8,169 6,653 3 1,513 1,305 500 101,839 21,548 80,291

 1963 117,663 9,560 7,890 6,574 24 1,292 1,187 483 108,103 18,841 89,262

 1953 115,479 9,556 8,023 6,365 147 1,511 1,067 466 105,923 17,851 88,072

South total: 1997 200,999 20,791 15,706 11,052 0 4,654 4,099 986 180,208 37,037 143,171

1987 197,269 19,924 15,959 11,764 11 4,184 3,198 767 177,345 37,988 139,357

1977 199,630 18,435 15,083 11,496 3 3,584 2,608 746 181,195 36,860 144,335

1963 208,703 17,806 14,732 11,149 27 3,556 2,386 688 190,897 33,635 157,262

1953 204,546 17,443 14,768 10,824 161 3,783 2,018 658 187,103 31,795 155,308

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 1997 1,491 92 53 0 0 53 32 8 1,399 0 1,399

 1987 1,207 46 37 0 0 37 7 2 1,161 0 1,161

 1977 1,187 37 27 0 0 27 8 2 1,151 0 1,151

 1963 1,194 37 27 0 0 27 8 2 1,158 0 1,158

 1953 1,208 27 27 0 0 27 0 0 1,181 0 1,181

 Nebraska 1997 898 108 48 47 0 2 50 10 790 0 790

 1987 537 55 29 29 0 0 22 4 482 0 482

 1977 593 54 43 29 0 14 10 1 539 0 539

 1963 675 52 42 28 0 14 10 1 623 0 623

 1953 734 56 45 28 0 17 11 1 678 0 678

 North Dakota 1997 442 55 28 14 0 14 26 0 387 0 387

 1987 338 36 12 0 0 12 22 2 302 0 302

 1977 405 63 53 0 0 53 10 0 342 0 342

 1963 424 65 55 0 1 54 10 0 359 0 359

 1953 451 68 57 0 1 57 11 0 383 0 383

 South Dakota 1997 1,487 1,001 946 938 0 8 54 1 485 0 485

 1987 1,447 1,005 915 914 0 1 87 3 442 21 421

 1977 1,467 1,038 965 953 6 6 70 3 429 16 413

 1963 1,541 1,039 973 957 7 9 66 0 502 17 485

 1953 1,621 1,037 970 951 7 11 67 0 585 17 568

 Great Plains total: 1997 4,317 1,256 1,076 999 0 76 162 18 3,062 0 3,062

1987 3,529 1,142 993 943 0 50 138 11 2,387 21 2,366

 1977 3,652 1,190 1,087 982 6 99 98 5 2,462 16 2,446

 1963 3,834 1,192 1,097 985 8 104 94 2 2,641 17 2,624

 1953 4,014 1,188 1,099 979 8 112 88 1 2,827 17 2,809

 Intermountain: 

 Arizona 1997 4,073 2,775 2,763 2,720 20 23 12 0 1,297 0 1,297

 1987 3,789 2,527 2,515 2,471 20 24 12 0 1,262 0 1,262

 1977 3,896 2,513 2,480 2,462 18 0 32 2 1,382 0 1,382

 1963 3,693 2,382 2,349 2,347 2 0 32 2 1,311 0 1,311

 1953 3,621 2,304 2,271 2,269 2 0 32 2 1,317 0 1,317

Federal

Thousand acres

 Public Privatea
87

Table 10—(continued)

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

 Colorado 1997 11,555 8,331 7,968 6,885 1,069 14 311 52 3,224 0 3,224

 1987 11,740 8,464 8,144 7,062 1,074 8 274 46 3,276 0 3,276

 1977 11,315 8,166 7,933 7,506 422 5 189 45 3,148 15 3,134

 1963 12,359 9,128 8,893 8,474 414 5 189 45 3,231 15 3,216

 1953 12,283 9,038 8,802 8,382 416 5 190 45 3,245 15 3,231

 Idaho 1997 17,123 13,901 12,896 12,354 512 29 980 25 3,222 1,284 1,938

 1987 14,534 11,397 10,310 9,705 558 47 1,036 51 3,137 1,198 1,939

 1977 13,541 10,450 9,570 9,153 409 8 861 19 3,091 947 2,144

 1963 15,725 12,643 11,761 11,251 503 8 864 19 3,082 950 2,133

 1953 15,540 12,445 11,558 11,046 505 8 867 19 3,095 954 2,142

 Montana 1997 19,164 13,207 12,485 11,602 783 100 715 7 5,957 1,618 4,340

 1987 14,737 9,382 8,742 8,300 431 11 638 2 5,355 1,703 3,652

 1977 14,359 9,169 8,635 8,162 420 53 530 5 5,190 1,055 4,135

 1963 16,830 11,629 11,093 10,560 480 53 531 5 5,201 1,059 4,143

 1953 16,753 11,529 10,992 10,456 482 54 533 5 5,224 1,063 4,161

 Nevada 1997 169 86 70 57 5 8 16 0 82 25 57

 1987 221 109 106 99 6 1 3 0 112 0 112

 1977 134 66 61 61 0 0 3 1 69 8 60

 1963 142 73 68 68 0 0 3 1 69 8 61

 1953 142 73 68 68 0 0 3 1 69 8 61

 New Mexico 1997 4,833 2,875 2,778 2,733 44 0 84 13 1,958 0 1,958

 1987 5,180 3,005 2,893 2,863 30 0 112 0 2,175 5 2,170

 1977 5,538 3,037 2,867 2,818 39 9 171 0 2,500 0 2,500

 1963 5,746 3,198 3,026 2,941 77 9 172 0 2,549 138 2,411

 1953 5,627 3,067 2,895 2,809 77 9 172 0 2,559 138 2,421 

 Utah 1997 4,700 3,822 3,603 3,265 338 0 212 7 878 0 878

 1987 3,078 2,481 2,314 2,108 175 31 150 17 597 0 597

 1977 3,405 2,670 2,431 2,277 154 0 239 0 735 0 735

 1963 3,872 3,051 2,811 2,657 155 0 240 0 821 0 821

 1953 3,882 3,058 2,817 2,662 155 0 241 0 824 0 824 

 Wyoming 1997 5,085 3,641 3,438 2,964 474 0 203 0 1,444 0 1,444

 1987 4,332 2,888 2,685 2,211 474 0 203 0 1,444 37 1,407

 1977 4,334 3,355 3,245 3,045 200 0 111 0 979 54 925

 1963 4,721 3,739 3,628 3,233 395 0 111 0 982 55 927

 1953 4,738 3,752 3,641 3,244 397 0 112 0 986 55 932

 Intermountain total: 1997 66,701 48,638 46,001 42,580 3,245 175 2,534 103 18,063 2,926 15,137

 1987 57,611 40,253 37,709 34,819 2,768 122 2,428 116 17,358 2,943 14,415

1977 56,521 39,427 37,220 35,483 1,663 74 2,136 71 17,094 2,079 15,014

 1963 63,086 45,842 43,629 41,530 2,025 75 2,142 72 17,244 2,223 15,021

 1953 62,585 45,267 43,044 40,935 2,033 75 2,152 72 17,318 2,233 15,086

Rocky Mountain total: 1997 71,018 49,893 47,076 43,579 3,246 252 2,696 121 21,125 2,926 18,199

1987 61,140 41,395 38,702 35,762 2,768 172 2,566 127 19,745 2,964 16,781

 1977 60,173 40,617 38,307 36,465 1,669 173 2,234 76 19,556 2,095 17,460

1963 66,920 47,034 44,726 42,515 2,033 179 2,236 74 19,885 2,240 17,645

1953 66,599 46,455 44,143 41,914 2,041 187 2,240 73 20,145 2,250 17,895

 Public

Federal

Privatea

Thousand acres
88

Table 10—(continued)

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 1997 12,395 8,605 4,306 3,780 407 119 4,279 20 3,790 0 3,790

 1987 15,763 9,578 4,936 4,476 336 124 4,622 20 6,185 0 6,185

 1977 19,722 19,164 15,751 6,529 9,096 126 3,396 17 558 0 558

 1963 20,119 19,729 19,444 6,828 12,490 126 280 5 390 0 390

 1953 20,342 20,086 20,007 6,873 13,008 126 75 4 257 0 257

 Alaska total: 1997 12,395 8,605 4,306 3,780 407 119 4,279 20 3,790 0 3,790

 1987 15,763 9,578 4,936 4,476 336 124 4,622 20 6,185 0 6,185

 1977 19,722 19,164 15,751 6,529 9,096 126 3,396 17 558 0 558

 1963 20,119 19,729 19,444 6,828 12,490 126 280 5 390 0 390

 1953 20,342 20,086 20,007 6,873 13,008 126 75 4 257 0 257

 Pacific Northwest: 

 Oregon 1997 23,749 15,123 14,217 11,999 2,213 6 815 91 8,626 5,012 3,613

 1987 22,801 14,107 13,178 10,868 2,304 6 827 102 8,694 5,114 3,580

 1977 24,211 14,743 13,817 11,633 2,178 6 820 106 9,468 5,522 3,946

 1963 25,623 15,233 14,296 12,065 2,224 7 797 140 10,390 5,088 5,302

 1953 25,688 14,706 13,654 11,296 2,350 8 797 255 10,982 4,661 6,321 

 Washington 1997 17,418 8,464 6,209 6,036 33 139 2,035 220 8,954 4,109 4,845

 1987 17,514 7,941 5,691 5,524 37 130 2,025 225 9,573 4,588 4,985

 1977 17,922 7,648 5,382 5,167 47 168 2,084 182 10,274 4,319 5,955

 1963 18,860 8,118 5,829 5,594 93 142 2,100 189 10,742 4,338 6,404

 1953 19,188 8,191 5,882 5,595 174 113 2,095 214 10,997 4,385 6,612

 Pacific Northwest total: 1997 41,167 23,587 20,426 18,035 2,246 145 2,850 310 17,580 9,121 8,458

1987 40,315 22,048 18,869 16,392 2,341 136 2,852 327 18,267 9,702 8,565

 1977 42,133 22,391 19,199 16,800 2,225 174 2,904 288 19,742 9,841 9,901

 1963 44,483 23,351 20,125 17,659 2,317 149 2,897 329 21,132 9,426 11,706

 1953 44,876 22,897 19,536 16,891 2,524 121 2,892 469 21,979 9,046 12,933

 Pacific Southwest: 

 California 1997 17,952 10,516 10,319 10,086 218 15 159 38 7,437 2,982 4,455

 1987 16,712 9,158 9,051 8,742 300 9 95 12 7,554 2,757 4,797

 1977 16,303 8,540 8,434 8,168 226 40 79 27 7,763 2,687 5,076

 1963 17,198 9,316 9,244 8,918 286 40 67 5 7,882 2,445 5,437

 1953 17,127 8,931 8,730 8,372 318 40 193 8 8,196 2,167 6,029

 Hawaii 1997 700 338 0 0 0 0 336 2 362 0 362

 1987 700 338 0 0 0 0 336 2 362 0 362

 1977 948 454 12 0 0 12 442 0 494 0 494

 1963 1,089 496 9 0 0 9 487 0 593 0 593

 1953 1,089 496 9 0 0 9 487 0 593 0 593

Pacific Southwest total: 1997 18,652 10,854 10,319 10,086 218 15 495 40 7,798 2,982 4,816

1987 17,412 9,496 9,051 8,742 300 9 431 14 7,916 2,757 5,159

 1977 17,251 8,994 8,446 8,168 226 52 521 27 8,257 2,687 5,570

 1963 18,287 9,812 9,253 8,918 286 49 554 5 8,475 2,445 6,030

 1953 18,216 9,427 8,739 8,372 318 49 680 8 8,789 2,167 6,622

Privatea

Federal

 Public

Thousand acres
89

Table 10—(continued)

 

 

 Bureau County 

Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial

and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

 

Pacific Coast total: 1997 72,214 43,046 35,052 31,901 2,871 279 7,624 370 29,168 12,103 17,064

1987 73,490 41,122 32,856 29,610 2,977 269 7,905 361 32,368 12,459 19,909

1977 79,106 50,549 43,396 31,497 11,547 352 6,821 332 28,557 12,528 16,029

1963 82,889 52,892 48,822 33,405 15,093 324 3,731 339 29,997 11,871 18,126

1953 83,434 52,140 48,282 32,136 15,850 296 3,647 481 31,025 11,213 19,812

United States: 1997 503,664 145,967 109,168 96,435 6,143 6,590 28,915 7,883 357,698 66,858 290,840

 1987 486,317 132,406 98,433 86,592 5,800 6,041 26,837 7,137 353,911 70,347 283,564

 1977 492,355 138,169 106,887 88,701 13,237 4,949 24,447 6,835 354,186 68,937 285,249

 1963 515,118 146,157 118,903 96,845 17,230 4,828 20,277 6,977 368,962 61,434 307,528

 1953 508,854 145,436 118,056 94,707 18,116 5,234 19,183 8,197 363,419 58,979 304,440

 a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Thousand acres

 Public Privatea

Federal
90

Table 11—Timberland area in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Region, Non- Region, Nonsubregion, All National Other Forest industrial subregion, All National Other Forest industrial

and State ownerships forest public industry private and State ownerships forest public industry private

North: Rocky Mountain:

 Northeast: Great Plains:

 Connecticut 1,815 0 249 0 1,565 Kansas 1,491 0 92 0 1,399

 Delaware 376 0 13 31 332 Nebraska 898 47 61 0 790

 Maine 16,952 32 598 7,298 9,024 North Dakota 442 14 41 0 387

 Maryland 2,423 0 281 137 2,006 South Dakota 1,487 938 63 0 485

 Massachusetts 2,965 0 480 71 2,415 Total 4,317 999 257 0 3,062

 New Hampshire 4,551 417 375 513 3,246

 New Jersey 1,864 0 500 0 1,364 Intermountain:

 New York 15,406 9 1,144 1,220 13,032 Arizona 4,073 2,720 55 0 1,297

 Pennsylvania 15,853 446 3,072 613 11,721 Colorado 11,555 6,885 1,446 0 3,224

 Rhode Island 356 0 69 0 287 Idaho 17,123 12,354 1,547 1,284 1,938

 Vermont 4,461 221 372 227 3,642 Montana 19,164 11,602 1,605 1,618 4,340

 West Virginia 11,900 904 420 887 9,689 Nevada 169 57 30 25 57

 Total 78,923 2,029 7,574 10,996 58,324 New Mexico 4,833 2,733 141 0 1,958

 Utah 4,700 3,265 557 0 878

 North Central: Wyoming 5,085 2,964 677 0 1,444

 Illinois 4,058 254 163 13 3,628 Total 66,701 42,580 6,058 2,926 15,137

 Indiana 4,342 170 454 17 3,701 Rocky Mountain Total: 71,018 43,579 6,315 2,926 18,199

 Iowa 1,944 0 156 0 1,788

 Michigan 18,667 2,593 4,034 1,514 10,525 Pacific Coast:

 Minnesota 14,819 1,917 5,763 751 6,388 Alaska:

 Missouri 13,411 1,361 691 222 11,137 Alaska 12,395 3,780 4,825 0 3,790

 Ohio 7,568 216 316 174 6,862 Total 12,395 3,780 4,825 0 3,790

 Wisconsin 15,701 1,363 3,183 1,102 10,053

 Total 80,510 7,874 14,759 3,795 54,082 Pacific Northwest:

North total: 159,433 9,904 22,333 14,791 112,406 Oregon 23,749 11,999 3,125 5,012 3,613

 Washington 17,418 6,036 2,427 4,109 4,845

South: Total 41,167 18,035 5,552 9,121 8,458

 Southeast:

 Florida 14,605 984 1,802 4,016 7,803 Pacific Southwest:

 Georgia 23,796 711 1,040 4,381 17,664 California 17,952 10,086 430 2,982 4,455

 North Carolina 18,639 1,011 868 2,252 14,508 Hawaii 700 0 338 0 362

 South Carolina 12,419 524 554 2,322 9,019 Total 18,652 10,086 768 2,982 4,816

 Virginia 15,345 1,365 515 1,537 11,927 Pacific Coast total: 72,214 31,901 11,145 12,103 17,064

 Total 84,803 4,594 4,779 14,508 60,922

United States: 503,664 96,435 49,532 66,858 290,840

 South Central:

 Alabama 21,911 573 557 4,796 15,985

 Arkansas 18,392 2,350 925 4,498 10,620 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

 Kentucky 12,347 628 376 205 11,139

 Louisiana 13,693 477 738 3,899 8,579

 Mississippi 18,587 1,091 845 3,241 13,411

 Oklahoma 6,234 214 360 1,049 4,610

 Tennessee 13,265 556 953 1,122 10,635

 Texas 11,766 569 207 3,720 7,271

 Total 116,196 6,457 4,960 22,529 82,249

South total: 200,999 11,052 9,739 37,037 143,171

Ownership group Ownership group

Thousand acres Thousand acres
91

Table 12—Timberland area in the Eastern United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand-age class, 1997

All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other

Subregion and forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Nonstand-age class types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked 

 (Years)

Northeast:

 0 to 19 3,209 89 512 0 83 35 467 6 109 1,412 460 0 37

 20 to 39 9,138 695 956 0 319 248 1,963 63 713 3,311 833 0 37

 40 to 59 15,067 1,382 877 0 555 767 5,476 117 571 4,577 745 0 0

 60 to 79 17,632 1,111 1,305 0 265 608 6,890 121 282 6,486 565 0 0

 80 to 99 10,775 738 855 0 75 157 4,029 36 164 4,389 332 0 0

100 to 149 4,376 347 945 0 17 95 1,216 3 57 1,637 58 0 0

150 to 199 172 6 112 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 7 0 0

200 and older 20 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Uneven aged 18,536 1,911 1,996 0 236 515 4,384 79 411 8,181 793 0 29

Total 78,923 6,278 7,578 0 1,550 2,425 24,426 425 2,307 30,040 3,792 0 104

North Central:

 0 to 19 11,180 813 741 0 92 160 2,392 18 881 2,527 3,317 0 239

 20 to 39 14,400 1,295 1,619 0 208 253 3,363 71 1,668 3,057 2,832 0 33

 40 to 59 20,426 1,223 1,840 0 229 362 5,926 84 2,042 4,944 3,761 0 14

 60 to 79 17,205 499 1,582 0 104 228 6,051 84 1,626 4,615 2,409 0 6

 80 to 99 9,037 256 927 0 46 99 4,081 49 687 2,366 522 0 3

100 to 149 4,872 118 790 0 8 36 1,915 12 358 1,499 138 0 0

150 to 199 231 2 93 0 0 0 49 4 13 65 5 0 0

200 and older 25 5 8 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 4 0 0

 Uneven aged 3,135 23 6 0 26 31 1,477 23 415 1,091 37 0 5

Total 80,510 4,234 7,607 0 713 1,170 25,252 345 7,694 20,170 13,025 0 300

Southeast:

 0 to 19 28,276 77 0 4,608 10,350 4,265 5,587 2,254 145 11 0 0 979

 20 to 39 17,347 122 0 2,906 6,219 2,173 3,838 1,819 164 12 0 0 95

 40 to 59 18,468 129 7 1,552 4,152 2,595 6,583 3,119 221 56 0 0 56

 60 to 79 13,805 145 4 781 1,270 1,690 6,488 3,072 165 163 0 0 25

 80 to 99 4,863 36 0 138 192 519 2,463 1,388 65 54 0 0 7

100 to 149 480 5 0 10 3 32 277 152 0 0 0 0 2

150 to 199 1,560 23 0 2 42 108 830 504 12 38 0 0 1

200 and older 4 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 84,803 538 11 9,997 22,227 11,386 26,066 12,307 772 334 0 0 1,165

South Central:

 0 to 19 28,562 11 0 1,031 11,816 5,052 8,520 1,599 251 25 0 0 256

 20 to 39 37,294 54 0 1,625 11,573 8,156 12,555 2,889 320 112 0 0 10

 40 to 59 30,309 25 0 393 3,463 4,306 15,515 6,003 417 186 0 0 0

 60 to 79 11,249 10 0 68 467 559 5,536 4,242 205 162 0 0 0

 80 to 99 3,680 0 0 15 52 178 2,066 1,167 107 97 0 0 0

100 to 149 9 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0

150 to 199 685 0 0 0 0 13 644 0 6 21 0 0 0

200 and older 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Uneven aged 4,408 7 0 0 121 159 3,404 288 221 208 0 0 0

Total 116,196 107 0 3,131 27,492 18,423 48,249 16,188 1,527 812 0 0 266

East total:

 0 to 19 71,227 989 1,253 5,639 22,341 9,512 16,966 3,877 1,386 3,975 3,777 0 1,511

 20 to 39 78,179 2,166 2,575 4,531 18,320 10,829 21,719 4,842 2,865 6,492 3,665 0 176

 40 to 59 84,270 2,759 2,723 1,945 8,399 8,031 33,499 9,322 3,251 9,763 4,506 0 70

 60 to 79 59,891 1,765 2,892 849 2,105 3,086 24,965 7,519 2,277 11,427 2,974 0 31

 80 to 99 28,355 1,031 1,782 152 365 953 12,638 2,640 1,023 6,906 853 0 11

100 to 149 9,737 469 1,736 10 28 163 3,417 166 415 3,136 196 0 2

150 to 199 2,647 31 205 2 42 121 1,523 508 31 171 12 0 1

200 and older 49 5 28 0 0 4 0 0 2 6 4 0 0

 Uneven aged 26,079 1,941 2,002 0 383 705 9,266 391 1,048 9,480 830 0 34

Total 360,432 11,157 15,196 13,129 51,982 33,404 123,992 29,265 12,299 51,356 16,818 0 1,835

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Forest type group

Thousand acres
92

Table 13—Timberland area in the Western United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand age class, 1997

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western

stand age class forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole Red- soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non-

 (Years) types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood woods woods juniper arral stocked

Great Plains:

 0 to 19 449 0 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 79 309 0 0 12

 20 to 39 928 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 93 813 0 0 3

 40 to 59 952 0 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 66 840 0 0 4

 60 to 79 863 0 122 0 1 0 0 0 0 148 588 0 0 5

 80 to 99 738 0 262 0 11 0 0 0 0 182 275 0 0 8

 100 to 149 276 0 265 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0

 150 to 199 95 0 93 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 200 and older 17 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0

Total 4,317 0 870 0 23 0 0 0 0 568 2,826 0 0 30

Intermountain:

 0 to 19 6,684 1,654 1,790 47 1,226 118 100 698 0 149 761 64 0 77

 20 to 39 2,691 534 388 30 764 55 84 337 0 80 415 4 0 0

 40 to 59 5,750 1,521 1,311 39 939 235 93 768 0 70 774 2 0 0

 60 to 79 13,384 3,423 3,769 0 1,855 314 231 1,971 0 146 1,628 47 0 0

 80 to 99 14,976 3,925 3,848 15 2,562 387 177 2,321 0 136 1,567 38 0 0

 100 to 149 15,123 4,136 2,675 0 4,131 264 114 2,571 0 291 770 170 0 0

 150 to 199 6,077 1,844 902 0 1,934 113 65 830 0 296 52 41 0 0

 200 and older 2,016 608 201 0 801 23 10 200 0 170 4 0 0 0

 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0

Total 66,701 17,645 14,882 131 14,213 1,510 873 9,696 0 1,338 5,970 365 0 77

Alaska:

 0 to 19 505 0 0 0 47 249 0 0 0 0 156 0 0 53

 20 to 39 1,325 0 0 0 135 37 0 0 0 3 1,112 0 0 39

 40 to 59 2,152 0 0 0 898 57 0 0 0 79 1,115 0 0 4

 60 to 79 1,145 0 0 0 484 15 0 0 0 18 629 0 0 0

 80 to 99 1,086 0 0 0 443 286 0 0 0 7 351 0 0 0

 100 to 149 1,225 0 0 0 418 136 0 0 0 38 600 0 0 33

 150 to 199 937 0 0 0 543 286 0 0 0 3 105 0 0 0

 200 and older 3,829 0 0 0 59 3,753 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 14

 Uneven aged 190 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 8 94 0 0 8

Total 12,395 0 0 0 3,107 4,818 0 0 0 155 4,165 0 0 150

Pacific Northwest:

 0 to 19 7,090 3,211 629 7 416 859 18 399 0 35 836 77 0 604

 20 to 39 5,414 2,545 283 13 188 915 10 157 0 26 1,263 0 0 13

 40 to 59 6,148 2,797 696 6 203 852 29 364 6 7 1,154 8 0 27

 60 to 79 5,460 2,210 1,216 0 461 436 86 390 0 6 602 45 0 8

 80 to 99 4,884 1,798 1,269 4 582 337 58 415 0 34 343 42 0 3

 100 to 149 6,913 2,584 1,428 15 1,270 608 50 500 0 70 304 69 0 14

 150 to 199 2,942 1,009 549 4 661 440 27 122 0 21 91 19 0 0

 200 and older 2,315 759 217 4 497 625 8 60 0 14 119 8 0 5

 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0

Total 41,167 16,912 6,286 52 4,278 5,072 288 2,407 6 213 4,712 267 0 675

Forest type group

Thousand acres
93

Table 13—(continued). 

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western

stand age class forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole Red- soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non-

 (Years) types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood woods woods juniper arral stocked

Pacific Southwest:

 0 to 19 2,417 167 561 3 79 0 0 9 44 465 556 5 0 528

 20 to 39 1,138 165 278 0 29 0 0 0 171 11 484 0 0 0

 40 to 59 1,611 83 578 0 36 7 0 8 202 73 624 0 0 0

 60 to 79 2,063 95 1,027 18 122 0 0 17 144 2 638 0 0 0

 80 to 99 2,496 171 1,269 0 360 0 0 33 58 68 538 0 0 0

 100 to 149 5,271 274 2,591 22 1,377 1 0 43 49 401 512 0 0 0

 150 to 199 2,232 631 626 17 684 4 0 30 8 123 110 0 0 0

 200 and older 1,425 391 338 36 248 0 0 25 56 255 75 0 0 0

 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0

Total 18,652 1,977 7,267 95 2,936 12 0 165 732 1,398 3,536 5 0 528

West total:

 0 to 19 17,144 5,032 3,029 57 1,768 1,226 118 1,107 44 727 2,618 146 0 1,273

 20 to 39 11,497 3,244 968 43 1,117 1,007 94 495 171 212 4,087 4 0 55

 40 to 59 16,613 4,401 2,626 44 2,076 1,151 122 1,139 208 295 4,507 9 0 35

 60 to 79 22,915 5,729 6,133 18 2,923 765 317 2,378 144 320 4,085 91 0 13

 80 to 99 24,180 5,894 6,648 19 3,958 1,009 235 2,769 58 427 3,073 80 0 11

 100 to 149 28,807 6,994 6,959 37 7,206 1,009 164 3,114 49 801 2,188 238 0 47

 150 to 199 12,283 3,484 2,170 21 3,824 842 92 982 8 443 357 61 0 0

 200 and older 9,602 1,758 773 39 1,604 4,401 19 285 56 438 201 8 0 19

 Uneven aged 190 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 8 94 0 0 8

Total 143,232 36,534 29,305 278 24,557 11,411 1,161 12,269 738 3,671 21,210 638 0 1,460

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Forest type group

Thousand acres
94

Table 14—Timberland area in the United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand size class, 1997

All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other

Subregion and forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Nonstand size class types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked 

Northeast:

 Nonstocked 104 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 104

 Seedling-sapling 12,285 353 2,111 0 344 259 2,588 82 620 4,420 1,508 0 0

 Poletimber 26,022 1,053 2,993 0 516 874 7,882 129 812 10,001 1,763 0 0

 Sawtimber 40,513 4,871 2,474 0 690 1,291 13,956 214 875 15,619 521 0 0

Total 78,923 6,278 7,578 0 1,550 2,425 24,426 425 2,307 30,040 3,792 0 104

North Central:

 Nonstocked 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300

 Seedling-sapling 19,640 1,007 3,088 0 165 278 4,269 18 1,827 4,023 4,965 0 1

 Poletimber 25,025 1,458 2,740 0 210 382 6,727 60 2,291 6,314 4,842 0 0

 Sawtimber 35,545 1,769 1,779 0 338 510 14,257 267 3,576 9,833 3,218 0 0

Total 80,510 4,234 7,607 0 713 1,170 25,252 345 7,694 20,170 13,025 0 300

Southeast:

 Nonstocked 1,165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,165

 Seedling-sapling 25,511 51 4 3,646 7,764 4,794 6,348 2,737 157 10 0 0 0

 Poletimber 22,385 69 5 3,365 6,993 2,457 6,435 2,853 162 46 0 0 0

 Sawtimber 35,742 417 2 2,986 7,470 4,135 13,283 6,717 453 278 0 0 0

Total 84,803 538 11 9,997 22,227 11,386 26,066 12,307 772 334 0 0 1,165

South Central:

 Nonstocked 266 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 266

 Seedling-sapling 33,111 24 0 810 8,407 6,587 14,344 2,477 341 121 0 0 0

 Poletimber 30,018 7 0 841 7,293 4,566 13,882 2,884 312 233 0 0 0

 Sawtimber 52,801 76 0 1,481 11,792 7,271 20,023 10,827 873 459 0 0 0

Total 116,196 107 0 3,131 27,492 18,423 48,249 16,188 1,527 812 0 0 266

East total:

 Nonstocked 1,834 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,834

 Seedling-sapling 90,547 1,436 5,203 4,455 16,680 11,918 27,548 5,314 2,945 8,574 6,473 0 1

 Poletimber 103,450 2,588 5,738 4,207 15,012 8,279 34,926 5,926 3,577 16,594 6,604 0 0

 Sawtimber 164,601 7,133 4,255 4,467 20,291 13,207 61,518 18,025 5,777 26,188 3,740 0 0

Total 360,432 11,157 15,196 13,129 51,982 33,404 123,992 29,265 12,299 51,356 16,818 0 1,835

Forest type group

Thousand acres
95

Table 14—(continued).

All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western

Subregion and forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole Red- soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Nonstand size class types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood woods woods juniper arral stocked

Great Plains:

 Nonstocked 53 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 30

 Seedling-sapling 761 0 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 148 578 0 0 0

 Poletimber 1,254 0 229 0 2 0 0 0 0 122 901 0 0 0

 Sawtimber 2,250 0 585 0 20 0 0 0 0 298 1,347 0 0 0

Total 4,317 0 870 0 23 0 0 0 0 568 2,826 0 0 30

Intermountain:

 Nonstocked 2,664 640 1,112 7 405 37 8 122 0 109 147 0 0 77

 Seedling-sapling 6,542 1,585 909 57 1,579 121 181 1,114 0 123 868 5 0 0

 Poletimber 12,079 1,684 1,226 37 1,405 160 187 3,988 0 295 2,987 112 0 0

 Sawtimber 45,417 13,736 11,636 31 10,825 1,192 498 4,472 0 811 1,968 248 0 0

Total 66,701 17,645 14,882 131 14,213 1,510 873 9,696 0 1,338 5,970 365 0 77

Alaska:

 Nonstocked 163 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 150

 Seedling-sapling 2,186 0 0 0 461 319 0 0 0 78 1,327 0 0 0

 Poletimber 2,764 0 0 0 762 150 0 0 0 68 1,784 0 0 0

 Sawtimber 7,282 0 0 0 1,876 4,349 0 0 0 3 1,053 0 0 0

Total 12,395 0 0 0 3,107 4,818 0 0 0 155 4,165 0 0 150

Pacific Northwest:

 Nonstocked 1,047 81 199 0 20 8 2 28 0 0 15 28 0 667

 Seedling-sapling 8,955 3,760 794 37 968 1,187 37 1,046 0 73 1,046 8 0 0

 Poletimber 5,421 1,754 643 4 271 492 58 674 0 48 1,456 13 0 8

 Sawtimber 25,744 11,317 4,650 11 3,020 3,385 190 660 6 91 2,195 219 0 0

Total 41,167 16,912 6,286 52 4,278 5,072 288 2,407 6 213 4,712 267 0 675

Pacific Southwest:

 Nonstocked 1,772 12 125 0 9 0 0 0 0 915 182 0 0 528

 Seedling-sapling 1,291 194 557 0 131 0 0 9 32 37 325 5 0 0

 Poletimber 2,203 162 746 0 174 0 0 25 43 377 675 0 0 0

 Sawtimber 13,387 1,609 5,839 95 2,622 12 0 131 657 68 2,354 0 0 0

Total 18,652 1,977 7,267 95 2,936 12 0 165 732 1,398 3,536 5 0 528

West total:

 Nonstocked 5,699 733 1,457 7 441 45 10 150 0 1,030 345 28 0 1,453

 Seedling-sapling 19,734 5,539 2,295 94 3,139 1,627 218 2,169 32 460 4,144 18 0 0

 Poletimber 23,720 3,600 2,844 40 2,614 802 245 4,686 43 910 7,803 125 0 8

 Sawtimber 94,079 26,663 22,709 137 18,363 8,938 688 5,264 662 1,272 8,917 467 0 0

Total 143,232 36,534 29,305 278 24,557 11,411 1,161 12,269 738 3,671 21,210 638 0 1,460

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Forest type group

Thousand acres
96

Table 15—Area of timberland in the United States by stand size class and region and 

 subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region and subregion Year Total Sawtimber Poletimber

Seedling/

sapling Nonstocked

North:

 Northeast 1997 40,513 26,022 12,285 104 78,923

1987 41,299 27,588 10,676 271 79,835

1977 33,801 21,614 21,071 2,075 78,561

1963 32,095 29,968 13,560 2,252 77,875

1953 27,639 30,287 12,631 2,478 73,035

 North Central 1997 35,545 25,025 19,640 300 80,510

1987 26,017 28,018 19,022 1,528 74,585

1977 21,971 29,774 20,811 2,329 74,885

1963 18,559 27,730 21,718 10,724 78,731

1953 15,414 26,712 26,524 12,590 81,240

North total: 1997 76,058 159,433 51,047 31,925 403 

1987 67,316 55,606 29,698 1,799 154,419

1977 55,772 51,388 41,882 4,404 153,446

1963 50,654 57,698 35,278 12,976 156,606

1953 43,053 56,999 39,155 15,068 154,275

South:

 Southeast 1997 84,803 35,742 22,385 25,511 1,165

1987 85,141 36,415 25,189 20,273 3,264

1977 87,818 32,878 28,619 22,162 4,159

1963 91,040 32,777 25,687 23,763 8,813

1953 89,067 25,669 29,709 21,804 11,885

 South Central 1997 116,196 52,801 30,018 33,111 266

1987 112,127 48,622 34,688 28,677 140

1977 111,812 43,789 32,611 34,331 1,081

1963 117,663 39,645 48,571 26,456 2,991

1953 115,479 39,736 53,172 18,051 4,520

South total: 1997 200,999 88,543 52,403 58,622 1,431

1987 197,268 85,037 59,877 48,950 3,404

1977 199,630 76,667 61,230 56,493 5,240

1963 208,703 72,422 74,258 50,219 11,804

1953 204,546 65,405 82,881 39,855 16,405

East total: 1997 360,432 164,601 103,450 90,547 1,834

1987 351,687 152,342 115,495 78,648 5,202

1977 353,076 132,439 112,618 98,375 9,644

1963 365,309 123,076 131,956 85,497 24,780

1953 358,821 108,458 139,880 79,010 31,473

Thousand acres
97

Table 15—(continued).

Region and subregion Year Total Sawtimber Poletimber

Seedling/

sapling Nonstocked

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 4,317 2,250 1,254 761 53

1987 3,529 1,993 758 675 102

1977 3,652 2,003 756 396 497

1963 3,834 1,554 1,141 567 572

1953 4,014 1,341 1,302 850 521

 Intermountain 1997 66,701 45,416 12,078 6,543 2,664

1987 57,610 40,526 9,453 6,308 1,324

1977 56,521 35,880 12,197 5,873 2,571

1963 63,086 37,109 16,531 5,459 3,987

1953 62,585 29,613 19,412 8,823 4,737

Rocky Mountain total: 1997 71,018 47,666 13,332 7,304 2,717

1987 61,139 42,519 10,211 6,983 1,426

1977 60,173 37,883 12,953 6,269 3,068

1963 66,920 38,663 17,672 6,026 4,559

1953 66,599 30,954 20,714 9,673 5,258

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska 1997 12,395 7,282 2,764 2,186 163

1987 15,763 10,155 3,018 2,423 168

1977 19,720 14,592 2,487 2,492 149

1963 20,119 18,041 751 1,121 206

1953 20,342 19,499 357 357 129

 Pacific Northwest 1997 41,167 25,744 5,421 8,955 1,047

1987 40,315 24,093 7,672 7,403 1,147

1977 42,133 26,230 7,196 6,711 1,996

1963 44,483 29,143 7,864 5,969 1,507

1953 44,876 28,367 8,418 5,428 2,663

 Pacific Southwest 1997 18,652 13,387 2,203 1,291 1,772

1987 17,412 13,747 1,597 1,956 112

1977 17,251 12,066 1,440 1,995 1,750

1963 18,287 12,984 964 129 4,210

1953 18,216 14,213 1,319 97 2,587

Pacific Coast total: 1997 72,214 46,413 10,387 12,431 2,982

1987 73,490 47,994 12,286 11,782 1,427

1977 79,104 52,888 11,123 11,198 3,895

1963 82,889 60,168 9,579 7,219 5,923

1953 83,434 62,079 10,094 5,882 5,379

West total: 1997 143,232 94,079 23,719 19,735 5,699

1987 134,629 90,513 22,498 18,765 2,853

1977 139,277 90,771 24,076 17,467 6,963

1963 149,809 98,831 27,251 13,245 10,482

1953 150,033 93,033 30,808 15,555 10,637

United States: 1997 503,664 258,680 127,169 110,283 7,533

1987 486,316 242,855 137,993 97,413 8,055

1977 492,353 223,210 136,694 115,842 16,607

1963 515,118 221,907 159,207 98,742 35,262

1953 508,854 201,491 170,688 94,565 42,110

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Thousand acres
98

Table 16—Timberland area in the United States by major geographic region and forest type group, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

All White- Loblolly- Mapleeastern red- Spruce- Longleaf- shortleaf- Oak- Oak- Oak-gum- Elm-ash- beech- Aspen- NonRegion Year types jack pine fir slash pine pine pine hickory cypress cottonwood birch birch stocked

North 1997 159,433 10,512 15,185 0 2,263 3,595 49,678 770 10,000 50,210 16,818 404

1987 154,418 13,030 16,421 0 2,294 3,457 45,945 778 11,009 42,263 17,346 1,876

1977 153,446 11,362 17,468 0 2,468 3,115 42,262 518 18,050 34,300 19,149 4,754

1963 156,606 10,083 18,558 0 3,298 1,496 48,700 1,199 15,882 30,264 22,429 4,698

1953 154,275 8,940 18,887 0 3,569 1,022 46,455 1,212 19,673 23,248 24,637 6,633

South 1997 200,999 645 11 13,129 49,719 29,809 74,315 28,495 2,299 1,146 0 1,431

1987 197,269 519 18 15,640 46,694 28,043 71,239 27,596 3,036 884 0 3,599

1977 199,630 407 8 16,725 47,433 31,453 66,307 26,116 4,171 1,776 0 5,234

1963 208,703 439 15 24,902 52,201 24,310 61,801 34,747 3,461 566 0 6,261

1953 204,546 329 12 26,926 51,792 23,970 54,872 34,498 4,051 750 0 7,346

East total: 1997 360,432 11,157 15,196 13,129 51,982 33,404 123,992 29,265 12,299 51,356 16,818 1,835

1987 351,687 13,789 16,752 15,407 48,335 31,148 116,997 27,977 14,210 43,939 17,676 5,457

1977 353,076 11,769 17,476 16,725 49,901 34,568 108,569 26,635 22,222 36,076 19,149 9,988

1963 365,309 10,522 18,573 24,902 55,499 25,806 110,500 35,946 19,342 30,830 22,429 10,959

1953 358,821 9,269 18,899 26,926 55,360 24,992 101,326 35,710 23,724 23,998 24,637 13,979

Thousand acres

Table 16—(continued).

Other

All Ponderosa- Western Hemlock- western Western

western Douglas- Jeffrey white Fir- Sitka Lodgepole Red- softwood hardwood Pinyon- NonRegion Year types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood types types juniper stocked

Rocky Mountain 1997 71,018 17,645 15,752 131 14,236 1,510 873 9,696 0 1,906 8,796 365 108

1987 61,140 14,119 14,555 276 11,684 1,580 1,856 9,973 0 319 5,105 1,673 1,576

1977 60,173 12,729 15,285 333 10,545 1,298 1,822 10,225 0 528 4,745 2,663 2,556

1963 66,920 13,027 18,292 2,286 8,682 194 2,586 12,752 0 0 5,756 3,345 3,280

1953 66,599 11,923 18,800 2,670 7,529 99 2,677 13,326 0 0 5,600 3,973 3,241

Pacific 1997 59,819 18,889 13,553 147 7,214 5,084 288 2,573 738 1,610 8,248 273 1,203

West 1987 57,727 19,768 11,236 14 10,438 4,034 873 2,233 1,129 319 6,849 834 814

1977 59,384 18,666 11,969 126 8,197 4,819 683 2,917 662 0 7,566 3,780 3,782

1963 62,770 21,989 15,744 2,431 6,120 3,928 794 2,422 1,468 0 4,734 3,139 3,242

1953 63,092 20,646 16,281 2,797 4,441 4,881 888 2,703 1,283 0 4,773 4,398 4,370

Alaska 1997 12,395 0 0 0 3,107 4,818 0 0 0 155 4,165 0 150

1987 15,763 0 0 0 5,661 5,560 0 0 0 181 4,358 4 4

1977 19,722 0 0 0 2,715 12,063 0 0 0 0 4,857 87 49

1963 20,119 0 0 0 0 19,113 0 0 0 0 0 1,006 277

1953 20,342 0 0 0 0 19,438 0 0 0 0 0 904 190

West total: 1997 143,232 36,534 29,305 278 24,557 11,411 1,161 12,269 738 3,671 21,210 638 1,460

1987 134,630 33,887 25,791 290 27,783 11,174 2,729 12,205 1,129 819 16,312 2,511 2,394

1977 139,279 31,395 27,253 459 21,457 18,180 2,504 13,142 662 528 17,168 6,529 6,387

1963 149,809 35,017 34,036 4,718 14,803 23,235 3,380 15,174 1,468 0 10,489 7,490 6,799

1953 150,033 32,570 35,081 5,467 11,970 24,419 3,565 16,030 1,283 0 10,373 9,275 7,800

Thousand acres
99

Table 17—Net volume of timber on timberland in the United States by class of timber, species group, region,

Region,

subregion, Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand State Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 2,943 465 2,478 2,755 442 2,313 122 14 108 66 9 57

 Delaware 689 177 511 639 169 471 27 0 27 23 9 14

 Maine 22,310 12,305 10,005 20,891 11,682 9,209 1,067 401 665 352 221 131

 Maryland 4,763 832 3,931 4,511 816 3,695 204 6 198 47 10 38

 Massachusetts 5,309 1,706 3,604 4,862 1,608 3,254 387 73 314 61 25 35

 New Hampshire 9,671 4,048 5,623 9,039 3,819 5,220 517 170 348 115 59 56

 New Jersey 2,489 536 1,953 2,378 523 1,855 70 5 65 40 8 33

 New York 23,074 5,613 17,461 21,828 5,400 16,427 1,085 169 916 162 43 119

 Pennsylvania 25,874 2,389 23,485 24,903 2,329 22,574 748 41 707 223 19 204

 Rhode Island 434 46 388 394 44 350 23 1 22 17 0 17

 Vermont 9,441 3,083 6,358 8,675 2,863 5,812 623 146 477 142 74 69

 West Virginia 21,249 1,279 19,970 20,303 1,250 19,054 833 14 820 113 16 97

 Total 128,246 32,479 95,767 121,179 30,945 90,234 5,705 1,040 4,665 1,362 494 868 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 5,408 122 5,286 4,835 117 4,717 513 3 509 60 1 60

 Indiana 7,809 297 7,512 6,900 278 6,623 909 19 889 0 0 0

 Iowa 2,581 37 2,544 1,669 18 1,651 872 19 854 40 0 40

 Michigan 29,632 8,185 21,448 26,735 7,600 19,134 2,652 503 2,149 245 81 164

 Minnesota 17,469 5,008 12,460 15,268 4,703 10,564 1,936 247 1,689 265 58 207

 Missouri 13,935 944 12,991 8,998 863 8,135 4,857 76 4,781 80 5 75

 Ohio 10,601 410 10,191 10,159 401 9,758 354 4 350 88 5 83

 Wisconsin 21,323 4,790 16,533 18,509 4,450 14,059 2,265 203 2,062 548 136 412

 Total 108,758 19,793 88,965 93,072 18,431 74,640 14,360 1,075 13,285 1,327 287 1,040 

North total: 237,005 52,272 184,733 214,251 49,376 164,874 20,065 2,115 17,950 2,689 780 1,909

South:

 Southeast: 

 Florida 17,029 9,533 7,495 15,366 9,424 5,942 1,649 101 1,548 13 8 5

 Georgia 33,664 15,319 18,345 31,704 15,224 16,480 1,957 94 1,863 3 1 2

 North Carolina 34,756 12,648 22,108 32,742 12,530 20,212 1,939 77 1,862 75 41 34

 South Carolina 17,902 8,115 9,787 16,685 8,034 8,651 1,185 60 1,125 32 21 11

 Virginia 28,660 6,736 21,924 26,487 6,648 19,838 2,126 75 2,051 47 13 35

 Total 132,011 52,352 79,659 122,985 51,861 71,124 8,856 407 8,449 170 84 87

 South Central: 

 Alabama 24,804 11,341 13,463 23,075 11,101 11,974 1,661 192 1,469 68 49 20

 Arkansas 23,993 9,631 14,362 21,686 9,342 12,344 2,098 200 1,898 209 89 120

 Kentucky 16,699 1,253 15,446 15,952 1,213 14,739 621 25 597 126 16 110

 Louisiana 20,772 10,137 10,635 18,844 9,928 8,916 1,894 194 1,700 33 15 18

 Mississippi 22,757 9,426 13,332 20,611 9,208 11,402 2,038 154 1,884 108 63 45

 Oklahoma 4,894 1,465 3,429 3,624 1,421 2,203 1,253 39 1,214 17 5 12

 Tennessee 18,404 3,017 15,387 16,646 2,893 13,753 1,633 89 1,544 125 35 90

 Texas 14,291 8,056 6,235 12,939 7,879 5,060 1,290 130 1,160 62 48 15

 Total 146,614 54,326 92,288 133,377 52,985 80,392 12,488 1,022 11,466 749 319 431 

South total: 278,625 106,678 171,947 256,361 104,846 151,515 21,344 1,430 19,914 920 402 517

Million cubic feet

 subregion, and State, 1997

All timber Growing stock Live cull Sound dead
100

Table 17—(continued).

Region,

subregion, Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand state Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 2,017 22 1,996 1,254 17 1,238 704 5 698 60 0 60

 Nebraska 1,331 260 1,071 854 212 643 449 42 407 28 7 21

 North Dakota 513 5 507 330 3 327 147 2 145 36 0 36

 South Dakota 1,669 1,394 275 1,492 1,331 161 135 27 108 42 36 6

 Total 5,530 1,681 3,849 3,931 1,563 2,368 1,434 76 1,358 166 43 123

 Intermountain: 

 Arizona 7,126 6,267 858 5,977 5,609 368 1,001 539 462 147 120 28

 Colorado 22,382 17,962 4,420 20,028 16,163 3,865 293 200 93 2,061 1,599 462

 Idaho 42,025 41,112 913 39,256 38,472 784 677 621 56 2,092 2,019 73

 Montana 38,298 37,698 601 34,815 34,254 561 487 459 28 2,996 2,984 11

 Nevada 455 387 68 339 306 33 19 13 6 97 69 28

 New Mexico 6,592 5,640 952 5,578 5,029 549 771 425 345 243 186 58

 Utah 8,917 6,910 2,007 7,363 5,708 1,655 432 304 127 1,123 898 224

 Wyoming 9,055 8,504 550 8,012 7,578 433 165 100 65 878 826 52

 Total 134,850 124,481 10,369 121,370 113,119 8,251 3,843 2,662 1,182 9,637 8,700 937

Rocky Mountain total 140,381 126,162 14,218 125,300 114,682 10,618 5,278 2,737 2,540 9,803 8,743 1,060

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 35,058 31,707 3,352 32,955 29,810 3,145 689 504 185 1,414 1,393 21

 Total 35,058 31,707 3,352 32,955 29,810 3,145 689 504 185 1,414 1,393 21

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 87,820 80,646 7,174 83,296 76,770 6,526 934 396 538 3,590 3,480 110

 Washington 67,936 61,211 6,725 65,722 59,199 6,523 281 128 154 1,932 1,884 48

 Total 155,756 141,857 13,899 149,018 135,969 13,049 1,216 524 692 5,522 5,364 158

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 59,031 49,854 9,177 57,505 49,167 8,337 1,269 431 839 257 256 1

 Hawaii 334 4 330 280 4 276 41 0 41 12 0 12

 Total 59,365 49,858 9,507 57,785 49,172 8,613 1,311 431 880 269 256 14

Pacific Coast total: 250,179 223,422 26,758 239,758 214,950 24,808 3,216 1,458 1,757 7,206 7,013 192

United States: 906,190 508,535 397,655 835,670 483,855 351,816 49,902 7,741 42,161 20,617 16,939 3,678

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Million cubic feet

All timber Growing stock Live cull Sound dead
101

Table 18—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953 

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 442 414 425 214 158 0 0 0 0 0 42 69 50 22 16

 Delaware 169 173 168 231 236 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 9 5 5

 Maine 11,682 14,510 16,060 12,563 10,093 48 24 22 18 15 508 527 265 136 112

 Maryland 816 805 793 775 717 0 0 0 0 0 79 78 82 31 28

 Massachusetts 1,608 1,689 1,439 972 631 0 0 0 0 0 223 270 263 120 78

 New Hampshire 3,819 3,408 3,526 2,534 2,208 332 360 276 290 253 357 227 59 71 62

 New Jersey 523 563 252 282 250 0 0 0 0 0 221 256 58 29 26

 New York 5,400 4,935 3,524 3,037 2,748 6 1 0 0 0 734 648 442 381 344

 Pennsylvania 2,329 1,983 1,778 1,436 1,229 63 68 60 45 38 390 230 213 172 147

 Rhode Island 44 59 108 23 15 0 0 0 0 0 12 26 4 2 1

 Vermont 2,863 2,010 1,826 1,379 1,251 66 45 39 38 35 152 130 92 42 38

 West Virginia 1,250 1,060 1,092 588 492 267 180 239 141 118 73 27 18 33 28

 Total 30,945 31,609 30,991 24,034 20,028 782 678 636 532 459 2,797 2,496 1,555 1,044 885

 North Central:

 Illinois 117 118 81 25 17 47 47 35 17 5 25 25 15 1 0

 Indiana 278 201 88 52 27 29 22 14 8 3 34 17 20 12 14

 Iowa 18 7 6 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Michigan 7,600 6,558 5,201 3,624 2,370 1,504 1,337 954 587 271 2,031 1,745 1,307 852 534

 Minnesota 4,703 4,086 3,477 3,384 2,698 1,030 919 871 905 780 2,072 1,875 1,565 1,565 1,115

 Missouri 863 601 392 316 264 311 273 177 163 134 68 22 12 7 5

 Ohio 401 326 274 109 96 29 20 16 8 7 46 26 25 10 9

 Wisconsin 4,450 4,112 3,340 2,112 1,549 627 652 475 300 136 994 1,130 784 496 485

 Total 18,431 16,009 12,859 9,627 7,025 3,578 3,270 2,542 1,988 1,336 5,272 4,840 3,728 2,943 2,162

North total: 49,376 47,618 43,850 33,661 27,053 4,360 3,948 3,178 2,520 1,795 8,070 7,336 5,283 3,987 3,047

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 9,424 9,305 8,750 6,685 5,384 995 873 912 657 549 1,542 1,155 752 386 312

 Georgia 15,224 15,870 16,096 12,513 10,751 506 377 468 398 366 1,202 969 856 809 656

 North Carolina 12,530 12,286 11,526 9,634 9,097 546 523 496 356 337 745 579 404 347 273

 South Carolina 8,034 8,835 8,708 6,066 4,800 582 744 758 603 582 604 585 462 326 112

 Virginia 6,648 6,323 5,928 5,276 5,516 362 331 312 229 240 359 351 296 221 231

 Total 51,861 52,619 51,008 40,174 35,548 2,991 2,848 2,946 2,243 2,074 4,452 3,639 2,770 2,089 1,584

 South Central:

 Alabama 11,101 11,328 11,469 8,684 5,875 562 659 561 417 278 270 229 216 167 98

 Arkansas 9,342 8,586 7,973 5,812 4,640 1,895 1,677 1,520 1,149 886 284 224 155 54 41

 Kentucky 1,213 1,110 916 567 493 158 164 153 160 139 35 4 4 72 63

 Louisiana 9,928 10,552 9,342 6,357 4,253 732 775 724 511 268 351 277 206 120 83

 Mississippi 9,208 9,746 8,930 5,259 3,674 1,374 1,474 1,253 1,089 579 508 268 376 221 342

 Oklahoma 1,421 998 1,011 692 541 228 169 127 98 73 73 58 50 2 2

 Tennessee 2,893 2,710 2,203 1,480 1,227 303 346 274 293 220 302 241 189 102 102

 Texas 7,879 7,964 8,356 6,062 4,211 1,143 1,202 1,058 1,157 680 128 157 144 86 49

 Total 52,985 52,994 50,200 34,913 24,914 6,396 6,466 5,670 4,874 3,123 1,951 1,458 1,340 824 780

South total: 104,846 105,613 101,208 75,087 60,462 9,387 9,314 8,616 7,117 5,197 6,403 5,097 4,110 2,913 2,364

Million cubic feet

 

All owners National forest Other publica
102

Table 18—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 17 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

 Nebraska 212 177 148 103 73 54 31 28 22 19 22 17 13 8 4

 North Dakota 3 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0

 South Dakota 1,331 1,726 1,650 1,369 1,236 1,090 1,270 1,345 1,140 1,046 47 118 100 62 51

 Total 1,563 1,912 1,799 1,472 1,309 1,145 1,301 1,373 1,162 1,065 70 135 113 70 55

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 5,609 5,980 4,763 4,689 4,600 3,931 4,176 3,208 3,077 2,888 47 1,753 1,449 1,502 1,596

 Colorado 16,163 16,226 12,624 11,774 10,926 11,792 11,811 9,486 8,823 8,205 1,362 1,365 713 670 618

 Idaho 38,472 32,088 31,662 30,242 28,677 29,580 23,440 21,589 20,212 18,894 3,353 3,480 3,267 3,092 2,992

 Montana 34,254 27,611 27,691 29,793 27,367 25,148 18,595 18,090 19,612 17,444 2,318 2,458 2,543 2,494 2,335

 Nevada 306 390 250 244 235 127 206 86 86 79 56 12 9 9 9

 New Mexico 5,029 5,628 5,797 5,739 5,514 3,126 3,730 2,872 2,836 2,578 124 676 1,347 1,337 1,352

 Utah 5,708 3,913 3,562 3,726 3,657 4,575 3,031 2,808 2,937 2,785 374 345 412 431 476

 Wyoming 7,578 6,550 6,963 5,544 5,261 5,570 4,542 5,569 4,234 4,075 724 870 576 542 490

 Total 113,119 98,386 93,312 91,751 86,237 83,849 69,531 63,708 61,817 56,948 8,357 10,959 10,316 10,077 9,868

Rocky Mountain total: 114,682 100,298 95,111 93,223 87,546 84,993 70,832 65,081 62,979 58,013 8,427 11,094 10,429 10,147 9,923

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 29,810 37,051 48,277 49,426 49,149 18,733 24,068 35,414 38,228 38,850 5,090 5,880 12,200 10,915 10,081

 Total 29,810 37,051 48,277 49,426 49,149 18,733 24,068 35,414 38,228 38,850 5,090 5,880 12,200 10,915 10,081

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 76,770 70,554 74,735 83,427 87,580 47,993 42,102 44,904 48,100 45,488 12,058 12,805 12,709 13,235 15,272

 Washington 59,199 60,130 57,800 61,567 61,994 27,321 23,497 22,833 25,361 25,504 9,723 13,798 13,200 13,088 12,605

 Total 135,969 130,684 132,535 144,994 149,574 75,314 65,599 67,737 73,461 70,992 21,781 26,603 25,909 26,323 27,877

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 49,167 46,307 45,975 53,365 58,006 29,539 27,213 28,073 29,391 29,590 1,320 1,245 1,108 1,435 1,892

 Hawaii 4 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 3333 3

 Total 49,172 46,311 45,979 53,369 58,010 29,539 27,213 28,073 29,391 29,590 1,323 1,248 1,111 1,438 1,895

Pacific Coast total: 214,950 214,046 226,791 247,789 256,733 123,586 116,880 131,224 141,080 139,432 28,194 33,731 39,220 38,676 39,853

United States: 483,855 467,575 466,960 449,760 431,794 222,326 200,974 208,099 213,696 204,437 51,093 57,258 59,042 55,723 55,187

Million cubic feet

National forest Other publica All owners
103

Table 18—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 0 0 0 0 0 399 345 375 192 142

 Delaware 18 18 28 17 14 144 147 131 209 217

 Maine 4,771 7,849 9,120 5,222 4,194 6,356 6,110 6,653 7,187 5,772

 Maryland 80 79 91 69 64 657 648 620 675 625

 Massachusetts 86 64 24 80 52 1,299 1,355 1,152 772 501

 New Hampshire 269 433 800 426 371 2,862 2,388 2,391 1,747 1,522

 New Jersey 0 0 0 1 1 302 307 194 252 223

 New York 355 403 382 329 298 4,304 3,883 2,700 2,327 2,106

 Pennsylvania 82 91 71 57 49 1,794 1,594 1,434 1,162 995

 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 32 33 104 21 14

 Vermont 73 128 212 203 184 2,572 1,707 1,483 1,096 994

 West Virginia 69 126 96 23 19 842 727 739 391 327

 Total 5,803 9,191 10,824 6,427 5,246 21,563 19,244 17,976 16,031 13,438

 North Central:

 Illinois 0 0 1 2 1 46 46 30 5 11

 Indiana 0 0 1 0 0 214 162 53 32 10

 Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 18 7 6 5 4

 Michigan 764 885 808 641 563 3,301 2,591 2,132 1,544 1,002

 Minnesota 302 336 265 284 232 1,298 956 776 630 571

 Missouri 36 21 21 9 7 448 285 182 137 118

 Ohio 24 2 4 4 4 301 278 229 87 76

 Wisconsin 300 409 590 374 110 2,529 1,921 1,491 942 818

 Total 1,426 1,653 1,690 1,314 917 8,155 6,246 4,899 3,382 2,610

North total: 7,229 10,844 12,514 7,741 6,163 29,718 25,490 22,875 19,413 16,048

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 2,311 2,687 2,789 2,153 1,689 4,576 4,590 4,297 3,489 2,834

 Georgia 3,227 3,443 2,836 2,361 2,031 10,289 11,081 11,936 8,945 7,698

 North Carolina 1,884 1,646 1,157 1,339 1,546 9,356 9,538 9,469 7,592 6,941

 South Carolina 1,672 1,774 1,417 1,156 700 5,175 5,732 6,071 3,981 3,406

 Virginia 1,136 1,167 943 800 837 4,791 4,474 4,377 4,026 4,208

 Total 10,231 10,717 9,142 7,809 6,803 34,187 35,415 36,150 28,033 25,087

 South Central:

 Alabama 2,999 2,802 2,883 2,404 1,634 7,271 7,638 7,809 5,696 3,865

 Arkansas 3,472 3,191 3,120 3,196 2,372 3,691 3,494 3,178 1,413 1,341

 Kentucky 12 6 6 12 10 1,008 936 753 323 281

 Louisiana 2,855 2,779 2,725 2,825 1,952 5,990 6,721 5,687 2,901 1,950

 Mississippi 1,892 1,822 1,726 1,460 1,454 5,436 6,182 5,575 2,489 1,299

 Oklahoma 574 350 517 456 359 546 421 317 136 107

 Tennessee 302 289 232 93 74 1,985 1,834 1,508 992 831

 Texas 2,126 2,276 3,221 2,641 1,883 4,481 4,329 3,933 2,178 1,599

 Total 14,231 13,515 14,430 13,087 9,738 30,408 31,555 28,760 16,128 11,273

South total: 24,462 24,232 23,572 20,896 16,541 64,594 66,970 64,910 44,161 36,360

Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet
104

Table 18—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 16 6 1 0 0

 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 135 129 107 73 50

 North Dakota 0000 0 2 30 00

 South Dakota 0 12 19 10 8 194 326 186 157 131

 Total 0 12 19 10 8 348 464 294 230 181

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 0000 0 1,631 51 106 110 116

 Colorado 0 0 21 20 19 3,010 3,050 2,404 2,261 2,084

 Idaho 2,593 2,312 2,913 3,346 3,438 2,947 2,856 3,893 3,592 3,353

 Montana 2,157 2,963 2,097 2,864 3,104 4,632 3,595 4,961 4,823 4,484

 Nevada 23 0 16 15 15 100 172 139 134 132

 New Mexico 0 3 0 112 113 1,779 1,219 1,578 1,454 1,471

 Utah 0 0 0 0 0 759 537 342 358 396

 Wyoming 0 53 61 57 52 1,284 1,085 757 711 644

 Total 4,773 5,331 5,108 6,414 6,741 16,141 12,565 14,180 13,443 12,680

Rocky Mountain total: 4,773 5,343 5,127 6,424 6,749 16,489 13,029 14,474 13,673 12,861

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 0000 0 5,987 7,103 663 283 218

 Total 0000 0 5,987 7,103 663 283 218

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 9,673 10,011 12,110 15,464 19,060 7,046 5,636 5,012 6,628 7,760

 Washington 11,532 14,404 13,717 15,907 17,640 10,611 8,431 8,050 7,211 6,245

 Total 21,205 24,415 25,827 31,371 36,700 17,657 14,067 13,062 13,839 14,005

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 8,592 7,918 7,457 9,639 11,268 9,716 9,931 9,337 12,900 15,256

 Hawaii 0000 0 1 11 11

 Total 8,592 7,918 7,457 9,639 11,268 9,717 9,932 9,338 12,901 15,257

Pacific Coast total: 29,797 32,333 33,284 41,010 47,968 33,361 31,102 23,063 27,023 29,480

United States: 66,262 72,752 74,497 76,071 77,421 144,162 136,591 125,322 104,270 94,749

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet

Forest Industry
105

Table 19—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

Total Total and and Other and and Other

Region and all soft- slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern softsubregion Year species woods pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

North:

 Northeast 1997 121,179 30,945 0 652 1,717 9,460 14 9,184 6,949 3 2,965

1987 112,133 31,609 0 658 1,573 7,977 0 12,977 5,878 0 2,547

1977 98,311 30,991 0 656 1,368 7,123 0 14,895 5,006 0 1,943

1963 76,869 24,034 0 701 1,119 4,958 46 11,042 4,113 0 2,056

 North Central 1997 93,072 18,431 0 737 373 5,597 1,550 4,579 1,082 22 4,491

1987 77,905 16,009 0 561 158 4,396 1,646 4,711 876 31 3,630

1977 64,697 12,859 0 402 214 2,411 1,851 4,038 1,260 31 2,652

1963 51,419 9,627 0 307 110 1,794 1,520 2,954 1,040 15 1,888

North total: 1997 214,251 49,376 0 1,390 2,090 15,058 1,564 13,763 8,031 25 7,456

1987 190,038 47,618 0 1,219 1,731 12,373 1,646 17,688 6,753 31 6,178

1977 163,008 43,850 0 1,058 1,582 9,534 1,851 18,934 6,265 31 4,596

1963 128,288 33,661 0 1,008 1,229 6,752 1,566 13,995 5,153 15 3,944

South:

 Southeast 1997 122,985 51,861 11,044 27,248 6,855 1,733 0 24 413 4,066 478

1987 120,773 52,619 12,598 26,441 6,989 1,457 0 24 396 4,306 408

1977 111,699 51,008 12,284 25,910 6,897 1,068 0 25 324 4,101 400

1963 87,172 40,174 9,477 21,877 4,121 480 0 33 242 3,677 267

 South Central 1997 133,377 52,985 4,886 41,517 2,774 281 0 0 213 2,317 997

1987 123,868 52,994 5,039 42,006 2,670 207 0 1 115 2,225 732

1977 111,674 50,200 5,114 40,108 2,375 185 0 0 67 1,829 522

1963 86,900 34,913 3,806 27,874 1,341 146 0 0 182 1,332 231

South total: 1997 256,361 104,846 15,931 68,765 9,629 2,014 0 24 626 6,382 1,475

1987 244,641 105,613 17,638 68,447 9,659 1,663 0 25 511 6,530 1,140

1977 223,373 101,208 17,398 66,018 9,272 1,253 0 25 391 5,929 922

1963 174,072 75,087 13,284 49,751 5,462 626 0 33 424 5,009 498

East total: 1997 470,612 154,222 15,931 70,154 11,719 17,072 1,564 13,787 8,657 6,408 8,931

1987 434,679 153,231 17,638 69,666 11,390 14,037 1,646 17,713 7,264 6,561 7,317

1977 386,381 145,058 17,398 67,076 10,854 10,787 1,851 18,958 6,657 5,960 5,518

1963 302,360 108,748 13,284 50,759 6,691 7,378 1,566 14,028 5,577 5,023 4,442

Softwoods

 Million cubic feet
106

Table 19—(continued).

Total Select Select Other Other 

Region and hard- white red white red Yellow Hard Soft

subregion Year woods oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

North:

 Northeast 1997 90,234 4,437 8,625 4,271 4,932 2,846 3,062 11,533 16,741 5,466

1987 80,524 4,384 8,137 4,928 5,405 2,791 2,987 10,104 13,544 4,685

1977 67,320 4,721 7,616 4,589 4,890 2,563 2,452 7,755 10,645 3,807

1963 52,835 3,402 6,536 3,709 2,550 1,810 3,791 5,883 6,515 3,973

 North Central 1997 74,640 7,550 5,983 1,474 5,682 3,572 786 8,369 7,662 1,122

1987 61,896 6,001 4,774 1,528 5,077 2,912 674 6,335 5,542 854

1977 51,838 5,277 4,006 1,365 4,579 2,605 807 4,814 3,302 896

1963 41,792 3,730 3,373 405 2,340 1,449 872 4,025 2,572 835

North total: 1997 164,874 11,987 14,608 5,745 10,615 6,417 3,848 19,902 24,403 6,588

1987 142,420 10,385 12,911 6,456 10,482 5,703 3,661 16,439 19,086 5,538

1977 119,158 9,121 12,186 5,788 7,991 4,401 3,719 12,972 14,985 5,278

1963 94,627 6,093 11,705 6,642 4,567 3,241 6,790 10,536 11,668 7,115

South:

 Southeast 1997 71,124 7,167 3,126 6,008 12,307 3,593 83 467 5,712 1,000

1987 68,154 6,639 3,074 5,563 11,826 3,641 62 402 5,221 942

1977 60,691 6,152 2,650 5,009 10,841 3,680 61 299 3,845 805

1963 46,998 4,753 1,966 3,886 7,837 3,314 39 158 2,555 561

 South Central 1997 80,392 9,194 4,620 7,186 15,900 7,625 5 1,411 2,283 1,458

1987 70,874 7,974 3,969 6,722 15,062 7,254 6 933 1,719 1,193

1977 61,474 6,623 3,071 6,362 12,584 6,816 0 758 1,319 1,054

1963 51,987 5,262 2,053 5,607 9,652 5,799 11 428 898 1,116

South total: 1997 151,516 16,361 7,746 13,194 28,207 11,218 87 1,878 7,996 2,458

1987 139,028 14,613 7,043 12,285 26,889 10,895 68 1,335 6,940 2,135

1977 122,165 12,769 5,715 11,353 23,402 10,451 62 1,051 5,201 1,856

1963 98,985 10,015 4,021 9,467 17,469 9,069 51 580 3,492 1,667

East total: 1997 316,390 28,348 22,354 18,939 38,821 17,635 3,936 21,780 32,399 9,047

1987 281,448 24,998 19,955 18,741 37,370 16,598 3,730 17,774 26,026 7,673

1977 241,323 22,230 17,227 17,679 32,904 15,442 3,409 12,806 19,176 6,781

1963 193,612 17,154 13,364 16,832 25,683 13,941 4,815 8,117 12,657 7,123

Million cubic feet

Hardwoods
107

Table 19—(continued).

Tupelo Cottonand wood Other

Region and Sweet- black Bass- Yellow and Black Black hardsubregion Year gum gum Ash wood poplar aspen walnut cherrya woods

North:

 Northeast 1997 556 588 4,748 1,476 4,740 3,611 295 4,683 7,623

1987 486 491 3,656 1,162 2,925 3,219 211 3,738 7,671

1977 418 409 2,656 1,073 2,630 2,145 192 3,000 5,760

1963 460 333 1,898 1,221 1,968 1,719 154 0 6,915

 North Central 1997 148 199 4,798 3,098 1,686 12,061 804 1,639 8,007

1987 122 79 3,657 2,476 1,073 10,521 612 1,144 8,516

1977 153 89 2,818 1,861 641 9,669 459 530 7,967

1963 168 63 2,127 1,505 441 8,807 340 0 8,740

North total: 1997 704 787 9,546 4,574 6,426 15,672 1,099 6,322 15,631

1987 608 570 7,313 3,639 3,998 13,740 823 4,881 16,187

1977 653 541 5,158 2,700 3,516 10,938 551 3,530 15,129

1963 824 596 3,400 2,187 3,524 3,079 275 0 12,385

South:

 Southeast 1997 7,573 7,248 1,752 334 9,538 92 197 311 4,618

1987 7,487 7,854 1,735 314 8,392 107 181 222 4,491

1977 6,850 7,462 1,492 259 6,732 117 138 155 4,143

1963 5,582 7,106 1,348 247 3,845 53 160 0 3,588

 South Central 1997 9,058 4,106 2,689 275 5,283 621 362 452 7,862

1987 8,244 3,962 2,219 257 3,845 580 281 0 6,653

1977 6,826 3,921 1,967 246 2,847 504 271 195 6,110

1963 6,059 4,057 1,757 277 1,823 469 296 0 6,423

South total: 1997 16,631 11,354 4,441 609 14,821 713 559 763 12,480

1987 15,732 11,816 3,954 571 12,237 687 462 222 11,144

1977 13,678 11,436 3,452 506 9,637 616 407 349 10,225

1963 11,644 11,240 3,100 524 5,718 514 453 0 9,960

East total: 1997 17,336 12,141 13,987 5,183 21,247 16,384 1,658 7,085 28,111

1987 16,339 12,387 11,267 4,210 16,235 14,427 1,286 5,103 27,331

1977 15,623 13,058 8,428 2,981 13,752 10,501 942 3,555 24,829

1963 15,565 14,886 6,369 2,204 9,826 2,815 775 0 21,485

a Separate black cherry data not available for 1963, included in other hardwoods category.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Hardwoods

 Million cubic feet
1-8

Table 20—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Ponderosa

Total and Western

Subregion All soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka

and State species woods fir pines fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 1,254 17 0 0 0 00000

 Nebraska 854 212 0 0 0 00000

 North Dakota 330 3 0 0 0 00000

 South Dakota 1,492 1,331 0 1,028 0 00000

 Total 3,931 1,563 0 1,028 0 00000

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 5,978 5,609 570 4,372 275 00000

 Colorado 20,028 16,163 2,092 2,120 2,514 00000

 Idaho 39,256 38,472 12,328 2,718 9,402 868 0 420 0 0

 Montana 34,815 34,254 10,574 2,841 3,496 195 0 107 0 0

 Nevada 339 306 0 103 117 01400

 New Mexico 5,576 5,028 957 2,655 752 00000

 Utah 7,363 5,708 1,432 462 1,485 00000

 Wyoming 8,012 7,578 1,100 1,155 871 00100

 Total 121,368 113,118 29,052 16,426 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0

 Alaska:

 Alaska 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519

 Total 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 83,293 76,767 44,080 8,153 8,879 6,383 689 244 32 274

 Washington 65,725 59,202 25,479 3,411 7,453 13,423 0 142 0 54

 Total 149,018 135,969 69,559 11,564 16,332 19,806 689 386 32 328

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 57,505 49,168 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0

 Hawaii 280 4 0 0 0 00000

 Total 57,785 49,172 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0 

West total: 365,057 329,631 112,509 38,741 48,592 32,324 3,650 1,196 4,642 8,848

Softwoods

Million cubic feet
109

Table 20—(continued).

Engelmann Cottonand Western Other Total wood Other

Subregion other Western Incense- Lodgepole red- soft- hard- and Red hardand State spruces larch cedar pine cedara woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 17 1,238 0 0 0 1,238

 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 212 643 0 0 0 643

 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 3 327 0 0 0 327

 South Dakota 48 0 0 0 0 255 161 9 0 0 152

 Total 48 0 0 0 0 486 2,368 9 0 0 2,359

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 265 0 0 0 0 127 368 330 0 0 39

 Colorado 5,699 0 0 3,663 0 76 3,865 3,865 0 0 0

 Idaho 2,507 1,463 0 5,500 2,230 1,036 784 625 0 0 159

 Montana 3,444 2,241 0 9,757 336 1,263 561 486 0 0 75

 Nevada 25 0 3 39 0 14 33 33 0 0 0

 New Mexico 369 0 0 0 0 294 549 381 0 0 168

 Utah 1,531 0 0 708 0 91 1,655 1,655 0 0 0

 Wyoming 1,420 0 0 2,603 0 428 433 432 0 0 1

 Total 15,260 3,704 3 22,269 2,567 3,329 8,250 7,808 0 0 442

 Alaska:

 Alaska 4,605 0 0 43 1,310 3,902 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557

 Total 4,605 0 0 43 1,310 3,902 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 1,252 785 723 2,227 1,502 1,544 6,526 94 3,182 456 2,794

 Washington 1,573 1,468 0 1,785 3,532 881 6,523 645 4,353 28 1,496

 Total 2,825 2,254 723 4,012 5,034 2,425 13,049 740 7,535 484 4,290

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 36 0 2,849 911 2 528 8,337 35 218 4,320 3,765

 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 4 276 0 0 0 276

 Total 36 0 2,849 911 2 532 8,613 35 218 4,320 4,041

West total: 22,773 5,958 3,574 27,234 8,913 10,675 35,425 10,147 7,786 4,804 12,689

a Western redcedar volume may be included in other western softwood volume. Western redcedar volume in Oregon for national forest lands 

includes some incense-cedar.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables 

because of rounding.

Million cubic feet

Softwoods - continued Hardwoods
110

Table 21—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion,

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

and and Other and and Other

Subregion slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern softand State Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast: 

 Connecticut 441 0 0 7 175 0 0 243 0 16

 Delaware 169 0 143 26 0000 00

 Maine 11,682 0 0 25 2,132 2 6,131 1,286 0 2,105

 Maryland 816 0 469 258 52 0 2 22 3 9

 Massachusetts 1,608 0 0 79 1,085 0 73 349 0 21

 New Hampshire 3,819 0 0 41 1,914 0 1,008 833 0 22

 New Jersey 523 0 22 327 20 0 0 8 0 146

 New York 5,400 0 0 128 2,263 11 673 1,865 0 461

 Pennsylvania 2,329 0 1 282 763 1 21 1,199 0 62

 Rhode Island 44 0 0 8 35 0 0 0 0 1

 Vermont 2,863 0 0 1 783 0 1,116 846 0 117

 West Virginia 1,250 0 17 535 238 0 159 297 0 4

Total 30,945 0 652 1,717 9,460 14 9,184 6,949 3 2,965

North Central: 

 Illinois 117 0 65 3 29 1 0 0 9 11

 Indiana 278 0 39 95 85 5 0 0 4 50

 Iowa 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18

 Michigan 7,600 0 0 87 2,505 605 1,690 664 0 2,049

 Minnesota 4,703 0 0 3 870 558 2,023 0 0 1,249

 Missouri 863 0 625 2 14 0 0 0 9 213

 Ohio 401 0 8 175 178 0 1 16 0 22

 Wisconsin 4,451 0 0 7 1,916 382 865 401 0 880

Total 18,431 0 737 373 5,597 1,550 4,579 1,082 22 4,491

Southeast: 

 Florida 9,424 5,362 933 680 0000 2,329 121

 Georgia 15,224 4,210 8,997 856 305 0 0 16 800 40

 North Carolina 12,530 601 7,831 2,572 717 0 20 217 436 136

 South Carolina 8,034 871 6,016 542 49 0 0 15 451 90

 Virginia 6,648 0 3,471 2,204 663 0 4 165 50 92

Total 51,861 11,044 27,248 6,855 1,733 0 24 413 4,066 478

South Central: 

 Alabama 11,101 1,953 8,075 806 4 0 0 6 160 97

 Arkansas 9,342 0 8,865 0 0 0 0 0 247 229

 Kentucky 1,213 0 271 603 23 0 0 65 3 248

 Louisiana 9,928 1,227 7,107 92 0000 1,497 5

 Mississippi 9,208 1,367 7,385 159 0 0 0 0 215 82

 Oklahoma 1,421 0 1,369 0 0 0 0 0 3 48

 Tennessee 2,893 0 1,065 1,114 254 0 0 142 81 237

 Texas 7,879 339 7,380 0 0 0 0 0 109 50

Total 52,985 4,886 41,517 2,774 281 0 0 213 2,317 997

East total: 154,222 15,931 70,154 11,719 17,072 1,564 13,787 8,657 6,408 8,931

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume

 by State in other tables because of rounding.

 and State, 1997

Million cubic feet
111

Table 22—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and 

Select Select Other Other 

Subregion white red white red Yellow Hard Soft

and State Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

Northeast: 

 Connecticut 2,313 168 461 46 281 115 38 103 577 39

 Delaware 471 67 12 5 80 7 0 0 112 10

 Maine 9,209 17 499 0 20 1 940 1,584 2,328 929

 Maryland 3,695 412 283 257 482 135 3 56 498 148

 Massachusetts 3,254 140 617 5 370 54 89 219 963 98

 New Hampshire 5,220 73 788 3 93 30 471 766 1,319 442

 New Jersey 1,855 197 146 127 300 52 5 45 273 33

 New York 16,427 269 1,250 268 209 442 580 3,532 3,554 1,280

 Pennsylvania 22,574 1,279 2,515 1,635 1,195 612 244 2,193 4,475 1,122

 Rhode Island 350 38 73 0 106 2 5 1 76 10

 Vermont 5,812 22 289 23 4 45 489 1,941 1,041 486

 West Virginia 19,054 1,755 1,691 1,903 1,793 1,351 197 1,095 1,524 870

Total 90,234 4,437 8,625 4,271 4,932 2,846 3,062 11,533 16,741 5,466 

North Central: 

 Illinois 4,717 883 314 134 748 522 0 163 342 12

 Indiana 6,623 783 392 141 621 709 0 666 346 162

 Iowa 1,651 336 189 2 90 139 0 47 163 0

 Michigan 19,134 821 1,607 1 399 158 501 4,064 3,463 478

 Minnesota 10,564 650 821 0 37 26 23 408 347 0

 Missouri 8,135 2,217 374 881 2,458 886 0 67 123 1

 Ohio 9,758 933 557 314 670 912 2 799 971 422

 Wisconsin 14,059 927 1,730 0 660 219 261 2,155 1,907 48

Total 74,640 7,550 5,983 1,474 5,682 3,572 786 8,369 7,662 1,122 

Southeast: 

 Florida 5,942 30 2 443 1,374 122 0 13 445 7

 Georgia 16,480 1,458 384 1,164 3,966 853 0 21 937 75

 North Carolina 20,212 2,065 1,032 1,499 2,541 961 68 173 2,159 355

 South Carolina 8,651 733 226 332 1,735 395 0 8 633 38

 Virginia 19,838 2,880 1,484 2,570 2,692 1,262 15 251 1,538 523

Total 71,124 7,167 3,126 6,008 12,307 3,593 83 467 5,712 1,000 

South Central: 

 Alabama 11,974 1,109 379 875 2,723 1,138 0 35 269 103

 Arkansas 12,344 2,154 1,106 1,281 2,628 1,253 0 63 135 65

 Kentucky 14,739 1,982 777 1,288 1,918 1,771 2 814 753 665

 Louisiana 8,916 411 365 450 1,990 563 0 7 244 149

 Mississippi 11,402 975 749 559 2,716 786 0 13 195 130

 Oklahoma 2,203 158 170 509 382 288 0 3 29 0

 Tennessee 13,753 2,093 836 1,570 2,045 1,608 3 471 601 311

 Texas 5,060 311 238 655 1,499 219 0 5 57 37

Total 80,392 9,194 4,620 7,186 15,900 7,625 5 1,411 2,283 1,458

East total: 316,390 28,348 22,354 18,939 38,821 17,635 3,936 21,780 32,399 9,047

 State, 1997

Million cubic feet
Table 22—(continued).

Tupelo Cottonand wood Other

Subregion black Bass- Yellow- and Black Black hardand State Sweetgum gum Ash wood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

Northeast: 

 Connecticut 0 8 153 2 38 20 0 28 237

 Delaware 85 27 8 0 32 1 1 16 9

 Maine 0 0 402 34 0 1,225 0 34 1,195

 Maryland 318 134 79 13 555 18 19 82 201

 Massachusetts 0 10 207 6 6 62 0 162 246

 New Hampshire 0 0 287 19 0 253 0 60 617

 New Jersey 138 55 159 8 151 11 19 14 123

 New York 0 10 1,417 470 61 1,047 27 1,075 935

 Pennsylvania 8 151 1,138 320 816 665 100 2,391 1,715

 Rhode Island 0 3 23 002018

 Vermont 0 0 410 43 0 261 0 120 639

 West Virginia 7 189 464 562 3,081 45 128 700 1,698

Total 556 588 4,748 1,476 4,740 3,611 295 4,683 7,623 

North Central: 

 Illinois 45 28 261 54 52 160 119 88 792

 Indiana 85 50 494 70 747 219 174 152 811

 Iowa 0 0 56 106 0 170 64 19 270

 Michigan 0 6 1,155 909 39 3,696 54 497 1,289

 Minnesota 0 0 892 699 0 4,781 14 16 1,850

 Missouri 8 46 147 14 4 155 148 19 586

 Ohio 11 68 803 153 845 298 182 648 1,171

 Wisconsin 0 0 989 1,092 0 2,581 48 200 1,239

Total 148 199 4,798 3,098 1,686 12,061 804 1,639 8,007 

Southeast: 

 Florida 563 1,484 339 13 83 0 0 21 1,002

 Georgia 2,408 1,932 313 14 1,981 7 21 98 847

 North Carolina 2,051 1,937 488 130 3,271 28 49 85 1,320

 South Carolina 1,626 1,436 271 4 731 53 12 26 392

 Virginia 924 459 341 172 3,472 2 115 80 1,058

Total 7,573 7,248 1,752 334 9,538 92 197 311 4,618 

South Central: 

 Alabama 1,934 1,039 260 38 1,010 15 7 58 982

 Arkansas 1,510 464 347 20 11 143 31 59 1,073

 Kentucky 217 239 570 124 1,961 74 183 103 1,299

 Louisiana 1,664 1,090 426 6 62 132 2 20 1,338

 Mississippi 2,009 733 370 18 575 108 10 91 1,365

 Oklahoma 37 19 125 1 0 90 32 13 348

 Tennessee 582 273 430 66 1,665 33 91 102 972

 Texas 1,105 248 161 2 0 27 5 6 484

Total 9,058 4,106 2,689 275 5,283 621 362 452 7,862

East total: 17,336 12,141 13,987 5,183 21,247 16,384 1,658 7,085 28,111

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ from volume by State in 

other tables because of rounding.

Million cubic feet

112
113

Table 23—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953 

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 2,313 2,293 2,237 1,548 1,146 0 0 0 0 0 370 343 190 164 121

 Delaware 471 469 457 318 219 0 0 0 0 0 40 17 18 6 4

 Maine 9,209 7,938 6,543 6,048 5,378 45 27 46 21 18 367 253 87 60 51

 Maryland 3,695 3,685 2,699 2,359 2,053 0 0 0 0 0 432 437 260 163 142

 Massachusetts 3,254 3,040 2,454 1,567 1,240 0 0 0 0 0 597 504 326 208 164

 New Hampshire 5,220 4,471 3,760 2,659 1,757 597 727 623 732 483 426 226 128 57 38

 New Jersey 1,855 1,332 1,282 1,112 917 0 0 0 0 0 382 315 182 57 47

 New York 16,427 15,154 9,732 8,605 7,775 18 6000 1,327 1,245 647 572 517

 Pennsylvania 22,574 22,763 21,625 15,602 11,716 983 1,184 1,184 591 444 4,766 4,645 4,175 3,012 2,262

 Rhode Island 350 369 305 217 146 0 0 0 0 0 56 84 17 16 11

 Vermont 5,812 4,233 3,164 2,320 2,228 339 331 155 158 152 590 507 157 114 109

 West Virginia 19,054 14,777 13,062 10,480 8,622 1,715 1,799 1,741 1,078 886 806 534 291 409 337

 Total 90,234 80,524 67,320 52,835 43,197 3,696 4,074 3,749 2,580 1,983 10,158 9,110 6,478 4,838 3,803 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 4,717 4,717 4,185 3,387 2,387 257 257 198 109 69 250 250 174 61 36

 Indiana 6,623 5,015 3,671 3,366 2,876 280 217 156 145 50 717 511 250 229 186

 Iowa 1,651 1,244 1,032 1,329 1,357 0 0 0 3 1 164 145 118 53 19

 Michigan 19,134 14,414 13,103 10,668 7,610 2,100 1,689 1,392 1,035 578 3,332 2,587 2,524 2,176 1,419

 Minnesota 10,564 9,645 7,978 6,060 4,253 1,193 1,045 1,000 808 570 3,619 3,543 2,899 2,320 1,434

 Missouri 8,135 7,334 5,631 5,489 5,450 872 899 665 632 578 437 265 153 96 109

 Ohio 9,758 7,227 6,121 3,762 3,153 302 202 190 86 72 531 321 312 223 187

 Wisconsin 14,059 12,300 10,117 7,731 6,412 1,277 1,161 882 673 564 2,381 2,490 1,913 1,461 1,193

 Total 74,640 61,896 51,838 41,792 33,498 6,281 5,470 4,483 3,491 2,482 11,430 10,112 8,343 6,619 4,583

North total: 164,874 142,420 119,158 94,627 76,695 9,977 9,544 8,232 6,071 4,465 21,588 19,222 14,821 11,457 8,386

South:

 Southeast: 

 Florida 5,942 5,665 4,700 4,001 3,517 269 214 187 139 103 1,065 741 238 108 76

 Georgia 16,480 14,917 13,322 10,188 8,600 922 874 841 723 611 927 588 443 295 250

 North Carolina 20,212 19,778 17,705 13,526 12,323 1,913 1,929 1,462 1,163 936 767 574 382 311 197

 South Carolina 8,651 8,898 8,089 6,202 5,412 369 407 385 259 195 362 336 278 167 76

 Virginia 19,838 18,896 16,875 13,081 11,681 2,300 2,079 1,804 1,051 939 942 767 651 274 246

 Total 71,124 68,154 60,691 46,998 41,533 5,773 5,503 4,679 3,335 2,784 4,062 3,006 1,992 1,155 845

 South Central: 

 Alabama 11,974 10,484 9,489 7,782 6,477 369 326 259 218 147 464 330 203 142 83

 Arkansas 12,344 10,655 9,048 9,257 9,469 1,942 1,529 1,247 997 656 1,156 639 475 563 360

 Kentucky 14,739 13,500 11,052 8,357 5,858 883 799 627 448 314 501 393 351 258 181

 Louisiana 8,916 8,440 7,813 8,311 6,756 293 290 214 147 89 674 617 306 142 114

 Mississippi 11,402 10,069 8,305 6,282 6,370 760 662 502 395 144 804 363 366 188 199

 Oklahoma 2,203 1,221 1,051 827 840 66 80 75 55 43 152 130 97 31 31

 Tennessee 13,753 11,582 9,798 7,818 7,023 701 626 503 388 276 1,087 716 510 403 378

 Texas 5,060 4,923 4,918 3,353 3,682 236 190 149 145 116 118 119 93 23 19

 Total 80,392 70,874 61,474 51,987 46,475 5,249 4,502 3,576 2,793 1,785 4,956 3,307 2,401 1,750 1,365

South total: 151,515 139,028 122,165 98,985 88,008 11,022 10,005 8,255 6,128 4,569 9,018 6,313 4,393 2,905 2,210

Million cubic feet

All owners National forest Other publica
114

Table 23—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 1,238 847 584 483 477 0 0 0 0 0 67 46 24 20 16

 Nebraska 643 312 304 292 285 0 1 1 0 0 53 16 13 9 7

 North Dakota 327 239 257 248 257 1 0 0 0 0 32 39 79 77 79

 South Dakota 161 70 128 79 79 9 9 9 3 2 7 11 22 14 13

 Total 2,368 1,468 1,273 1,102 1,098 10 10 10 3 2 159 112 138 120 115 

 Intermountain: 

 Arizona 368 336 220 206 174 164 151 133 126 103 0 185 48 44 39

 Colorado 3,865 3,222 2,413 2,031 1,787 2,531 1,876 1,638 1,315 1,147 285 304 150 139 124

 Idaho 784 503 223 235 213 268 152 67 86 77 116 149 49 46 42

 Montana 561 405 287 267 248 108 40 46 33 28 37 33 62 59 55

 Nevada 33 29 13 14 12 27 27 13 14 12 5 1 0 0 0

 New Mexico 549 496 599 545 457 371 308 240 222 178 16 41 32 29 25

 Utah 1,655 881 878 989 898 1,146 572 444 592 546 127 68 145 133 118

 Wyoming 433 341 232 207 187 169 76 81 67 61 79 81 58 54 48

 Total 8,251 6,213 4,865 4,494 3,976 4,783 3,202 2,662 2,455 2,152 664 862 544 504 451 

Rocky Mountain total: 10,618 7,681 6,138 5,596 5,074 4,793 3,212 2,672 2,458 2,154 823 974 682 624 566

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 3,145 4,209 4,222 4,191 4,189 176 146 237 248 248 1,930 1,751 3,864 3,861 3,902

 Total 3,145 4,209 4,222 4,191 4,189 176 146 237 248 248 1,930 1,751 3,864 3,861 3,902

Pacific Northwest: 

 Oregon 6,526 6,066 4,819 5,146 4,217 1,185 1,135 897 870 723 1,535 1,124 1,198 830 628

 Washington 6,523 6,937 5,703 4,101 2,859 372 335 141 146 121 1,311 1,319 1,124 754 507

 Total 13,049 13,003 10,522 9,247 7,076 1,557 1,470 1,038 1,016 844 2,846 2,443 2,322 1,584 1,135 

Pacific Southwest: 

 California 8,337 7,464 3,693 2,975 2,828 2,264 2,184 1,133 1,286 1,276 319 554 283 190 218

 Hawaii 276 276 198 219 220 0 0 0 0 0 122 122 95 99 99

 Total 8,613 7,740 3,891 3,194 3,048 2,264 2,184 1,133 1,286 1,276 440 676 378 289 317 

 Pacific Coast total: 24,808 24,952 18,635 16,632 14,313 3,997 3,800 2,408 2,550 2,368 5,216 4,870 6,564 5,734 5,354

United States: 351,816 314,081 266,096 215,840 184,090 29,789 26,561 21,567 17,207 13,556 36,645 31,379 26,460 20,720 16,516

Million cubic feet

All owners National forest Other publica
115

Table 23—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 0 0 0 2 2 1,943 1,950 2,047 1,382 1,023

 Delaware 2 8 10 23 13 429 444 429 289 202

 Maine 3,582 3,711 3,311 2,490 2,215 5,215 3,947 3,099 3,477 3,094

 Maryland 107 102 97 61 53 3,157 3,146 2,342 2,135 1,858

 Massachusetts 82 94 43 121 96 2,575 2,442 2,085 1,238 980

 New Hampshire 452 628 629 364 241 3,745 2,890 2,380 1,506 995

 New Jersey 0 0 28 2 2 1,473 1,017 1,072 1,053 868

 New York 1,522 1,253 902 798 721 13,560 12,650 8,183 7,235 6,537

 Pennsylvania 1,120 1,246 945 682 512 15,706 15,688 15,321 11,317 8,498

 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 294 285 288 201 135

 Vermont 277 346 533 401 385 4,607 3,049 2,319 1,647 1,582

 West Virginia 1,558 1,447 1,138 610 502 14,975 10,997 9,892 8,383 6,897

 Total 8,700 8,835 7,636 5,554 4,742 67,680 58,505 49,457 39,863 32,669 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 14 14 12 10 15 4,196 4,196 3,801 3,207 2,267

 Indiana 26 24 22 20 21 5,599 4,263 3,243 2,972 2,619

 Iowa 0 0 12 4 5 1,487 1,099 902 1,269 1,332

 Michigan 1,572 1,744 1,657 1,398 1,175 12,130 8,394 7,530 6,059 4,438

 Minnesota 369 430 371 295 213 5,383 4,627 3,708 2,637 2,036

 Missouri 137 185 146 100 109 6,688 5,985 4,667 4,661 4,654

 Ohio 198 105 183 104 87 8,727 6,599 5,436 3,349 2,807

 Wisconsin 957 928 973 742 423 9,444 7,721 6,349 4,855 4,232

 Total 3,274 3,430 3,376 2,673 2,048 53,655 42,884 35,636 29,009 24,385

North total: 11,974 12,265 11,012 8,227 6,790 121,335 101,389 85,093 68,872 57,054

South:

 Southeast: 

 Florida 1,230 1,477 1,511 1,209 1,053 3,378 3,232 2,764 2,545 2,285

 Georgia 1,914 2,388 2,097 1,396 1,178 12,718 11,067 9,941 7,774 6,561

 North Carolina 1,433 1,540 1,402 1,393 1,762 16,099 15,735 14,459 10,659 9,428

 South Carolina 1,262 1,554 1,418 1,165 651 6,658 6,601 6,008 4,611 4,490

 Virginia 1,017 1,198 1,114 1,057 944 15,579 14,852 13,306 10,699 9,552

 Total 6,857 8,157 7,542 6,220 5,588 54,432 51,487 46,478 36,288 32,316

 South Central: 

 Alabama 1,921 1,739 1,647 1,230 887 9,220 8,089 7,380 6,192 5,360

 Arkansas 1,923 2,337 2,023 2,194 1,359 7,324 6,150 5,303 5,503 7,094

 Kentucky 230 231 241 244 171 13,125 12,077 9,833 7,407 5,192

 Louisiana 1,778 1,652 1,851 1,447 1,077 6,171 5,881 5,442 6,575 5,476

 Mississippi 1,379 1,357 1,407 977 664 8,460 7,687 6,030 4,722 5,363

 Oklahoma 173 157 211 130 129 1,811 854 668 611 637

 Tennessee 919 984 881 537 408 11,046 9,256 7,904 6,490 5,961

 Texas 1,165 1,137 1,400 994 961 3,542 3,477 3,276 2,191 2,586

 Total 9,488 9,594 9,661 7,753 5,656 60,699 53,471 45,836 39,691 37,669

South total: 16,344 17,751 17,203 13,973 11,244 115,131 104,958 92,314 75,979 69,985

Million cubic feet

Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea
116

Table 23—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 1,170 801 560 463 461

 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 590 295 290 283 278

 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 294 200 178 171 178

 South Dakota 0 0 1 0 0 145 50 96 62 64

 Total 0 0 1 0 0 2,198 1,346 1,124 979 981

 Intermountain: 

 Arizona 0 0 0 0 0 204 0 39 36 32

 Colorado 0 0 0 0 0 1,049 1,042 625 577 516

 Idaho 20 17 28 34 35 381 185 79 69 59

 Montana 10 16 6 8 9 407 316 173 167 156

 Nevada 1 0 0 0 0 01000

 New Mexico 0 0 0 15 13 163 147 327 279 241

 Utah 0 0 0 0 0 383 241 289 264 234

 Wyoming 0 0 3 3 3 186 184 90 83 75

 Total 31 33 37 60 60 2,773 2,116 1,622 1,475 1,313

Rocky Mountain total: 31 33 38 60 60 4,971 3,462 2,746 2,454 2,294

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 1,040 2,312 121 82 39

 Total 0 0 0 0 0 1,040 2,312 121 82 39

Pacific Northwest: 

 Oregon 1,502 1,524 1,302 1,211 940 2,303 2,283 1,422 2,235 1,926

 Washington 1,973 2,364 2,053 1,464 960 2,882 2,919 2,385 1,737 1,271

 Total 3,475 3,888 3,355 2,675 1,900 5,185 5,202 3,807 3,972 3,197 

Pacific Southwest: 

 California 1,701 1,374 679 449 336 4,054 3,352 1,598 1,050 998

 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 154 154 103 120 121

 Total 1,701 1,374 679 449 336 4,208 3,506 1,701 1,170 1,119 

Pacific Coast total: 5,176 5,262 4,034 3,124 2,236 10,433 11,020 5,629 5,224 4,355

United States: 33,526 35,311 32,287 25,384 20,330 251,870 220,829 185,782 152,529 133,688

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet
117

Table 24—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963 

 

Ponderosa

Total and Western

Region All soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka

and subregion Year species woods fir pines fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 3,931 1,563 0 1,028 0 00000

1987 3,394 1,912 0 1,834 0 00000

1977 3,072 1,799 0 1,707 0 00000

1963 2,574 1,472 0 1,388 0 00000

 Intermountain 1997 121,368 113,118 29,052 16,426 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0

1987 104,603 98,386 22,560 15,544 14,861 971 2 1,578 0 0

1977 98,177 93,312 20,475 14,762 13,591 1,462 1 2,184 0 0

1963 96,245 91,751 19,913 15,650 12,984 1,694 4 3,069 0 0

Rocky Mountain total: 1997 125,299 114,681 29,052 17,454 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0

1987 107,997 100,298 22,560 17,378 14,861 971 2 1,578 0 0

1977 101,249 95,111 20,475 16,469 13,591 1,462 1 2,184 0 0

1963 98,819 93,223 19,913 17,038 12,984 1,694 4 3,069 0 0

Pacific Coast:

 Alaskaa 1997 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519

1987 41,262 37,051 0 0 15 15,873 0 0 0 10,145

1977 52,499 48,277 0 0 179 30,259 0 0 0 10,500

1963 53,617 49,426 0 0 97 30,083 0 0 0 16,111

 Pacific Northwest 1997 149,018 135,969 69,559 11,564 16,332 19,806 689 386 32 328

1987 143,700 130,711 63,660 11,094 17,060 20,049 588 343 45 1,771

1977 143,057 132,535 60,076 12,634 16,926 24,266 761 888 91 1,466

1963 154,241 144,994 64,250 15,613 19,816 24,892 900 1,231 46 1,601

 Pacific Southwest 1997 57,785 49,172 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0

1987 54,055 46,311 12,700 8,695 12,689 42 3,031 319 5,114 36

1977 49,870 45,979 12,786 9,124 12,804 129 3,355 231 4,302 48

1963 56,559 53,365 17,277 10,210 13,428 69 3,694 305 5,352 33

Pacific Coast total: 1997 239,758 214,951 83,457 21,286 29,680 31,262 3,649 662 4,642 8,848

1987 239,017 214,073 76,361 19,789 29,765 35,964 3,619 662 5,159 11,952

1977 245,426 226,791 72,862 21,758 29,909 54,654 4,116 1,119 4,393 12,014

1963 264,417 247,785 81,526 25,823 33,340 55,044 4,594 1,537 5,398 17,745

West total: 1997 365,057 329,631 112,509 38,741 48,592 32,324 3,650 1,196 4,642 8,848

1987 347,014 314,371 98,921 37,166 44,626 36,935 3,621 2,240 5,159 11,952

1977 346,675 321,902 93,337 38,226 43,500 56,116 4,117 3,303 4,393 12,014

1963 363,236 341,008 101,439 42,861 46,324 56,739 4,598 4,606 5,398 17,745

Softwoods

Million cubic feet
118

Table 24—(continued).

Engelmann Cottonand Other Total wood Other

Region other Western Incense- Lodgepole soft- hard- and Red hardand subregion Year spruces larch cedar pine woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 48 0 0 0 486 2,368 9 0 0 2,359

1987 61 0 0 0 17 1,482 463 0 314 705

1977 62 0 0 0 30 1,273 424 0 197 651

1963 63 0 0 0 21 1,102 387 0 217 499

 Intermountain 1997 15,260 3,704 3 22,269 5,896 8,250 7,808 0 0 442

1987 13,515 4,816 3 21,131 3,405 6,217 6,172 0 0 45

1977 12,932 3,876 1 19,857 4,171 4,865 4,758 0 0 107

1963 12,689 6,153 4 16,806 2,785 4,494 4,421 6 0 67

Rocky Mountain total: 1997 15,308 3,704 3 22,269 6,382 10,618 7,817 0 0 2,801

1987 13,576 4,816 3 21,131 3,422 7,699 6,635 0 314 750

1977 12,994 3,876 1 19,857 4,201 6,138 5,182 0 197 759

1963 12,752 6,153 4 16,806 2,806 5,596 4,808 6 217 565

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska 1997 4,605 0 0 38 4,827 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557

1987 6,052 0 0 39 4,927 4,211 1,827 62 0 2,322

1977 2,889 0 0 57 4,392 4,222 1,863 214 0 2,145

1963 6 0 0 28 3,101 4,191 3,706 436 0 48

 Pacific Northwest 1997 2,825 2,254 723 4,012 7,459 13,049 740 7,535 484 4,290

1987 1,863 2,365 624 4,479 6,768 12,990 600 8,290 606 3,494

1977 1,273 2,568 648 5,640 5,298 10,522 348 6,781 486 2,906

1963 1,386 2,413 776 3,826 8,243 9,247 346 5,111 756 3,034

 Pacific Southwest 1997 36 0 2,849 911 534 8,613 35 218 4,320 4,041

1987 14 0 2,365 861 445 7,744 20 133 5,728 1,863

1977 7 0 2,004 870 319 3,891 21 64 1,796 2,010

1963 0 0 1,699 903 395 3,194 41 61 892 2,200

Pacific Coast total: 1997 7,466 2,254 3,571 4,960 12,821 24,808 2,330 7,786 4,804 9,888

1987 7,929 2,365 2,989 5,379 12,140 24,944 2,447 8,485 6,334 7,679

1977 4,169 2,568 2,652 6,567 10,009 18,635 2,232 7,059 2,282 7,062

1963 1,392 2,413 2,476 4,757 11,739 16,632 4,094 5,609 1,647 5,282

West total:a 1997 22,773 5,958 3,574 27,229 19,203 35,425 10,147 7,786 4,804 12,689

1987 27,072 7,181 2,992 26,549 20,412 32,644 9,082 8,485 6,648 8,429

1977 19,697 6,444 2,653 26,481 18,509 24,773 7,414 7,059 2,480 7,821

1963 13,970 8,567 2,479 21,592 17,586 22,228 8,901 5,615 1,864 5,848

a Data for Englemann and other spruces included in other softwoods for 1963.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Softwoods

Million cubic feet

Hardwoods
119

Table 25—Net volume of all growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953 

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 2,755 2,707 2,662 1,762 1,304 0 0 0 0 0 412 412 240 186 137

 Delaware 639 642 625 549 455 0 0 0 0 0 47 25 27 11 9

 Maine 20,891 22,448 22,603 18,611 15,471 93 51 68 39 33 875 780 352 196 163

 Maryland 4,511 4,490 3,492 3,134 2,770 0 0 0 0 0 511 515 342 194 170

 Massachusetts 4,862 4,729 3,893 2,539 1,871 0 0 0 0 0 820 774 589 328 242

 New Hampshire 9,039 7,879 7,286 5,193 3,965 929 1,087 899 1,022 736 783 453 187 128 100

 New Jersey 2,378 1,895 1,534 1,394 1,167 0 0 0 0 0 603 571 240 86 73

 New York 21,828 20,089 13,256 11,642 10,523 24 7000 2,062 1,893 1,089 953 861

 Pennsylvania 24,903 24,746 23,403 17,038 12,945 1,045 1,252 1,244 636 482 5,156 4,875 4,388 3,184 2,409

 Rhode Island 394 428 413 240 161 0 0 0 0 0 68 110 21 18 12

 Vermont 8,675 6,243 4,990 3,699 3,479 404 376 194 196 187 741 637 249 156 147

 West Virginia 20,303 15,837 14,154 11,068 9,114 1,982 1,979 1,980 1,219 1,004 878 561 309 442 365

 Total 121,179 112,133 98,311 76,869 63,225 4,478 4,752 4,385 3,112 2,442 12,956 11,606 8,033 5,882 4,688 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 4,835 4,835 4,266 3,412 2,404 304 304 233 126 74 275 275 189 62 36

 Indiana 6,900 5,216 3,759 3,418 2,903 309 239 170 153 53 751 528 270 241 200

 Iowa 1,669 1,251 1,038 1,334 1,361 0 0 0 3 1 164 145 118 53 19

 Michigan 26,735 20,972 18,304 14,292 9,980 3,604 3,026 2,346 1,622 849 5,363 4,332 3,831 3,028 1,953

 Minnesota 15,268 13,731 11,455 9,444 6,951 2,223 1,964 1,871 1,713 1,350 5,691 5,418 4,464 3,885 2,549

 Missouri 8,998 7,935 6,023 5,805 5,714 1,184 1,172 842 795 712 505 287 165 103 114

 Ohio 10,159 7,553 6,395 3,871 3,249 330 222 206 94 79 577 347 337 233 196

 Wisconsin 18,509 16,412 13,457 9,843 7,961 1,905 1,813 1,357 973 700 3,376 3,620 2,697 1,957 1,678

 Total 93,072 77,905 64,697 51,419 40,523 9,859 8,740 7,025 5,479 3,818 16,702 14,952 12,071 9,562 6,745

North total: 214,251 190,038 163,008 128,288 103,748 14,337 13,492 11,410 8,591 6,260 29,657 26,558 20,104 15,444 11,433

South: 

 Southeast:

 Florida 15,366 14,970 13,450 10,686 8,901 1,264 1,087 1,099 796 652 2,607 1,896 990 494 388

 Georgia 31,704 30,787 29,418 22,701 19,351 1,428 1,251 1,309 1,121 977 2,129 1,557 1,299 1,104 906

 North Carolina 32,742 32,064 29,231 23,160 21,420 2,459 2,452 1,958 1,519 1,273 1,512 1,153 786 658 470

 South Carolina 16,685 17,733 16,797 12,268 10,212 951 1,151 1,143 862 777 966 921 740 493 188

 Virginia 26,487 25,219 22,803 18,357 17,197 2,663 2,410 2,116 1,280 1,179 1,300 1,118 947 495 477

 Total 122,985 120,773 111,699 87,172 77,081 8,764 8,351 7,625 5,578 4,858 8,514 6,645 4,762 3,244 2,429

 South Central:

 Alabama 23,075 21,812 20,958 16,466 12,352 931 985 820 635 425 733 559 419 309 181

 Arkansas 21,686 19,241 17,021 15,069 14,109 3,837 3,206 2,767 2,146 1,542 1,440 863 630 617 401

 Kentucky 15,952 14,610 11,968 8,924 6,351 1,041 963 780 608 453 536 397 355 330 244

 Louisiana 18,844 18,992 17,155 14,668 11,009 1,024 1,065 938 658 357 1,026 894 512 262 197

 Mississippi 20,611 19,815 17,235 11,541 10,044 2,133 2,136 1,755 1,484 723 1,312 631 742 409 541

 Oklahoma 3,624 2,219 2,062 1,519 1,381 294 249 202 153 116 225 188 147 33 33

 Tennessee 16,646 14,292 12,001 9,298 8,250 1,004 972 777 681 496 1,390 957 699 505 480

 Texas 12,939 12,887 13,274 9,415 7,893 1,379 1,392 1,207 1,302 796 246 276 237 109 68

 Total 133,377 123,868 111,674 86,900 71,389 11,645 10,968 9,246 7,667 4,908 6,907 4,765 3,741 2,574 2,145

South total: 256,361 244,641 223,373 174,072 148,470 20,409 19,319 16,871 13,245 9,766 15,421 11,410 8,503 5,818 4,574

Million cubic feet

All owners National forest Other publica
120

Table 25—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 1,254 853 585 483 477 0 0 0 0 0 68 46 24 20 16

 Nebraska 854 489 452 395 358 54 32 29 22 19 75 33 26 17 11

 North Dakota 330 242 257 248 257 2 0 0 0 0 32 39 79 77 79

 South Dakota 1,492 1,796 1,778 1,448 1,315 1,099 1,279 1,354 1,143 1,048 55 129 122 76 64

 Total 3,931 3,380 3,072 2,574 2,407 1,155 1,311 1,383 1,165 1,067 230 247 251 190 170

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 5,977 6,316 4,983 4,895 4,774 4,095 4,327 3,341 3,203 2,991 47 1,938 1,497 1,546 1,635

 Colorado 20,028 19,448 15,037 13,805 12,713 14,323 13,687 11,124 10,138 9,352 1,646 1,669 863 809 742

 Idaho 39,256 32,591 31,885 30,477 28,890 29,848 23,592 21,656 20,298 18,971 3,468 3,629 3,316 3,138 3,034

 Montana 34,815 28,016 27,978 30,060 27,615 25,256 18,635 18,136 19,645 17,472 2,354 2,491 2,605 2,553 2,390

 Nevada 339 419 263 258 247 154 233 99 100 91 62 13 9 9 9

 New Mexico 5,578 6,124 6,396 6,284 5,971 3,497 4,038 3,112 3,058 2,756 140 717 1,379 1,366 1,377

 Utah 7,363 4,794 4,440 4,715 4,555 5,721 3,603 3,252 3,529 3,331 500 413 557 564 594

 Wyoming 8,012 6,891 7,195 5,751 5,448 5,739 4,618 5,650 4,301 4,136 803 951 634 596 538

 Total 121,370 104,599 98,177 96,245 90,213 88,632 72,733 66,370 64,272 59,100 9,020 11,821 10,860 10,581 10,319

Rocky Mountain total: 125,300 107,979 101,249 98,819 92,620 89,787 74,044 67,753 65,437 60,167 9,250 12,068 11,111 10,771 10,489

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 32,955 41,260 52,499 53,617 53,338 18,909 24,214 35,651 38,476 39,098 7,020 7,631 16,064 14,776 13,983

 Total 32,955 41,260 52,499 53,617 53,338 18,909 24,214 35,651 38,476 39,098 7,020 7,631 16,064 14,776 13,983

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 83,296 76,620 79,554 88,573 91,797 49,178 43,237 45,801 48,970 46,211 13,593 13,929 13,907 14,065 15,900

 Washington 65,724 67,067 63,503 65,668 64,853 27,693 23,832 22,974 25,507 25,625 11,034 15,117 14,324 13,842 13,112

 Total 149,020 143,687 143,057 154,241 156,650 76,871 67,069 68,775 74,477 71,836 24,627 29,046 28,231 27,907 29,012

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 57,505 53,771 49,668 56,340 60,834 31,803 29,397 29,206 30,677 30,866 1,639 1,799 1,391 1,625 2,110

 Hawaii 280 280 202 223 224 0 0 0 0 0 125 125 98 102 102

 Total 57,785 54,051 49,870 56,563 61,058 31,803 29,397 29,206 30,677 30,866 1,763 1,924 1,489 1,727 2,212

Pacific Coast total: 239,760 238,998 245,426 264,421 271,046 127,583 120,680 133,632 143,630 141,800 33,410 38,601 45,784 44,410 45,207

United States: 835,672 781,656 733,056 665,600 615,884 252,115 227,535 229,666 230,903 217,993 87,738 88,637 85,502 76,443 71,703

Million cubic feet

National forest Other publica All owners
121

Table 25—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 00022 2,343 2,295 2,422 1,574 1,165

 Delaware 20 26 38 40 27 573 591 560 498 419

 Maine 8,352 11,560 12,431 7,712 6,409 11,571 10,057 9,752 10,664 8,866

 Maryland 187 181 188 130 117 3,813 3,794 2,962 2,810 2,483

 Massachusetts 168 158 67 201 148 3,874 3,797 3,237 2,010 1,481

 New Hampshire 721 1,061 1,429 790 612 6,607 5,278 4,771 3,253 2,517

 New Jersey 0 0 28 3 3 1,775 1,324 1,266 1,305 1,091

 New York 1,877 1,656 1,284 1,127 1,019 17,864 16,533 10,883 9,562 8,643

 Pennsylvania 1,202 1,337 1,016 739 561 17,500 17,282 16,755 12,479 9,493

 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 326 318 392 222 149

 Vermont 350 474 745 604 569 7,180 4,756 3,802 2,743 2,576

 West Virginia 1,627 1,573 1,234 633 521 15,816 11,724 10,631 8,774 7,224

 Total 14,503 18,026 18,460 11,981 9,988 89,243 77,749 67,433 55,894 46,107

 North Central:

 Illinois 14 14 13 12 16 4,242 4,242 3,831 3,212 2,278

 Indiana 26 24 23 20 21 5,814 4,425 3,296 3,004 2,629

 Iowa 0 0 12 4 5 1,505 1,106 908 1,274 1,336

 Michigan 2,336 2,629 2,465 2,039 1,738 15,431 10,985 9,662 7,603 5,440

 Minnesota 672 766 636 579 445 6,681 5,583 4,484 3,267 2,607

 Missouri 173 206 167 109 116 7,136 6,270 4,849 4,798 4,772

 Ohio 223 107 187 108 91 9,029 6,877 5,665 3,436 2,883

 Wisconsin 1,257 1,337 1,563 1,116 533 11,972 9,642 7,840 5,797 5,050

 Total 4,700 5,083 5,066 3,987 2,965 61,811 49,130 40,535 32,391 26,995

North total: 19,204 23,109 23,526 15,968 12,953 151,053 126,879 107,968 88,285 73,102

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 3,541 4,164 4,300 3,362 2,742 7,954 7,822 7,061 6,034 5,119

 Georgia 5,141 5,831 4,933 3,757 3,209 23,007 22,148 21,877 16,719 14,259

 North Carolina 3,317 3,186 2,559 2,732 3,308 25,454 25,273 23,928 18,251 16,369

 South Carolina 2,934 3,328 2,835 2,321 1,351 11,833 12,333 12,079 8,592 7,896

 Virginia 2,154 2,365 2,057 1,857 1,781 20,370 19,326 17,683 14,725 13,760

 Total 17,088 18,874 16,684 14,029 12,391 88,619 86,902 82,628 64,321 57,403

 South Central:

 Alabama 4,920 4,541 4,530 3,634 2,521 16,491 15,727 15,189 11,888 9,225

 Arkansas 5,394 5,528 5,143 5,390 3,731 11,015 9,644 8,481 6,916 8,435

 Kentucky 242 237 247 256 181 14,133 13,013 10,586 7,730 5,473

 Louisiana 4,633 4,431 4,576 4,272 3,029 12,161 12,602 11,129 9,476 7,426

 Mississippi 3,270 3,179 3,133 2,437 2,118 13,896 13,869 11,605 7,211 6,662

 Oklahoma 748 507 728 586 488 2,357 1,275 985 747 744

 Tennessee 1,221 1,273 1,113 630 482 13,032 11,090 9,412 7,482 6,792

 Texas 3,291 3,413 4,621 3,635 2,844 8,023 7,806 7,209 4,369 4,185

 Total 23,719 23,109 24,091 20,840 15,394 91,106 85,026 74,596 55,819 48,942

South total: 40,807 41,983 40,775 34,869 27,785 179,725 171,928 157,224 120,140 106,345

Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet
122

Table 25—(continued).

Region,

subregion, 

and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 00000 1,186 807 561 463 461

 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 725 424 397 356 328

 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 296 203 178 171 178

 South Dakota 0 12 20 10 8 339 376 282 219 195

 Total 0 12 20 10 8 2,546 1,810 1,418 1,209 1,162

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 00000 1,835 51 145 146 148

 Colorado 0 0 21 20 19 4,059 4,092 3,029 2,838 2,600

 Idaho 2,613 2,329 2,941 3,380 3,473 3,328 3,041 3,972 3,661 3,412

 Montana 2,167 2,979 2,103 2,872 3,113 5,038 3,911 5,134 4,990 4,640

 Nevada 24 0 16 15 15 100 173 139 134 132

 New Mexico 0 3 0 127 126 1,942 1,366 1,905 1,733 1,712

 Utah 00000 1,142 778 631 622 630

 Wyoming 0 53 64 60 55 1,470 1,269 847 794 719

 Total 4,803 5,364 5,145 6,474 6,801 18,914 14,681 15,802 14,918 13,993

Rocky Mountain total: 4,803 5,376 5,165 6,484 6,809 21,461 16,491 17,220 16,127 15,155

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 00000 7,027 9,415 784 365 257

 Total 00000 7,027 9,415 784 365 257

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 11,176 11,535 13,412 16,675 20,000 9,349 7,919 6,434 8,863 9,686

 Washington 13,504 16,768 15,770 17,371 18,600 13,493 11,350 10,435 8,948 7,516

 Total 24,680 28,303 29,182 34,046 38,600 22,842 19,269 16,869 17,811 17,202

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 10,294 9,292 8,136 10,088 11,604 13,769 13,283 10,935 13,950 16,254

 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 156 155 104 121 122

 Total 10,294 9,292 8,136 10,088 11,604 13,925 13,438 11,039 14,071 16,376

Pacific Coast total: 34,973 37,595 37,318 44,134 50,204 43,794 42,122 28,692 32,247 33,835

United States: 99,787 108,063 106,784 101,455 97,751 396,032 357,420 311,104 256,799 228,437

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Forest industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet
123

Table 26—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion,

 and diameter class, 1997

Subregion and Select Select Other Other 

diameter class white red white red Yellow Hard Soft

(in inches) Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

Northeast:

 5.0 - 6.9 8,137 310 362 255 260 261 317 955 2,051 551

 7.0 - 8.9 13,420 537 772 577 522 473 516 1,660 3,177 813

 9.0 - 10.9 15,604 696 1,118 773 701 576 578 1,963 3,306 944

 11.0 - 12.9 14,110 662 1,300 713 712 492 491 1,824 2,614 841

 13.0 - 14.9 12,048 615 1,254 625 716 402 388 1,539 2,021 674

 15.0 - 16.9 9,054 501 1,082 480 609 269 262 1,174 1,300 522

 17.0 - 18.9 6,165 355 851 302 445 156 184 764 827 407

 19.0 - 20.9 4,145 247 578 201 340 110 111 525 494 272

 21.0 - 28.9 6,160 396 1,039 300 524 95 176 905 772 387

 29.0 + 1,391 118 270 47 103 11 40 225 179 56

Total 90,234 4,437 8,625 4,271 4,932 2,846 3,062 11,533 16,741 5,466

North Central:

 5.0 - 6.9 7,436 443 197 167 350 354 81 1,082 1,060 55

 7.0 - 8.9 10,575 669 433 230 569 542 106 1,384 1,348 80

 9.0 - 10.9 12,210 928 709 234 731 590 127 1,414 1,354 114

 11.0 - 12.9 11,341 988 866 223 836 595 114 1,173 1,082 115

 13.0 - 14.9 9,678 1,048 870 200 830 502 100 957 827 130

 15.0 - 16.9 7,475 976 759 159 728 409 93 776 597 123

 17.0 - 18.9 5,305 767 610 109 517 279 59 572 443 124

 19.0 - 20.9 3,499 539 453 73 372 120 40 405 286 94

 21.0 - 28.9 5,798 957 851 74 622 171 62 554 527 231

 29.0 + 1,323 237 236 6 126 10 4 55 138 55

Total 74,640 7,550 5,983 1,474 5,682 3,572 786 8,369 7,662 1,122

Southeast:

 5.0 - 6.9 5,598 401 115 337 869 265 8 48 803 52

 7.0 - 8.9 7,861 643 168 652 1,279 419 11 63 930 73

 9.0 - 10.9 9,542 905 244 773 1,609 566 12 56 877 97

 11.0 - 12.9 10,208 1,051 336 803 1,734 562 3 53 841 111

 13.0 - 14.9 9,781 1,066 381 764 1,644 511 6 56 713 124

 15.0 - 16.9 8,365 952 410 632 1,392 429 11 59 514 140

 17.0 - 18.9 6,387 724 339 570 1,128 322 8 44 404 128

 19.0 - 20.9 4,613 509 315 406 875 202 7 29 249 82

 21.0 - 28.9 7,219 788 644 789 1,396 283 17 44 335 164

 29.0 + 1,550 130 176 282 381 34 0 13 47 30

Total 71,124 7,167 3,126 6,008 12,307 3,593 83 467 5,712 1,000

Million cubic feet 
124

Table 26—(continued).

Subregion and Select Select Other Other 

diameter class white red white red Yellow Hard Soft

(in inches) Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

South Central:

 5.0 - 6.9 6,605 668 162 584 872 681 1 161 437 46

 7.0 - 8.9 9,823 1,077 334 976 1,467 1,084 1 217 445 81

 9.0 - 10.9 11,838 1,370 473 1,151 2,011 1,326 0 239 391 106

 11.0 - 12.9 11,180 1,375 541 1,039 2,069 1,281 0 208 267 122

 13.0 - 14.9 10,815 1,316 596 950 2,227 1,068 1 194 217 160

 15.0 - 16.9 8,941 1,090 535 777 1,911 791 0 134 174 156

 17.0 - 18.9 6,848 852 491 541 1,596 519 0 102 104 178

 19.0 - 20.9 4,877 539 422 396 1,191 332 0 72 92 153

 21.0 - 28.9 7,807 790 830 639 2,044 451 1 73 132 367

 29.0 + 1,657 116 236 132 512 93 0 11 24 88

Total 80,392 9,194 4,620 7,186 15,900 7,625 5 1,411 2,283 1,458

East total:

 5.0 - 6.9 27,775 1,821 836 1,343 2,350 1,561 407 2,246 4,351 704

 7.0 - 8.9 41,679 2,926 1,706 2,436 3,837 2,519 634 3,324 5,900 1,047

 9.0 - 10.9 49,195 3,898 2,544 2,930 5,053 3,058 717 3,671 5,928 1,261

 11.0 - 12.9 46,840 4,076 3,042 2,778 5,351 2,929 609 3,257 4,804 1,190

 13.0 - 14.9 42,322 4,046 3,100 2,539 5,418 2,483 495 2,746 3,778 1,088

 15.0 - 16.9 33,835 3,518 2,786 2,048 4,641 1,897 366 2,143 2,585 942

 17.0 - 18.9 24,705 2,698 2,291 1,521 3,686 1,276 250 1,482 1,777 836

 19.0 - 20.9 17,134 1,834 1,768 1,075 2,778 764 158 1,031 1,122 601

 21.0 - 28.9 26,984 2,931 3,363 1,802 4,586 1,000 256 1,576 1,766 1,150

 29.0 + 5,921 601 918 466 1,122 148 44 303 388 228

Total 316,390 28,348 22,354 18,939 38,821 17,635 3,936 21,780 32,399 9,047

Million cubic feet 
125

Table 26—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other

Subregion and and wood eastern

diameter class black Yellow- and Black Black hard-

(in inches) Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

Northeast:

 5.0 - 6.9 54 99 475 71 146 411 22 316 1,221

 7.0 - 8.9 80 95 702 157 312 731 42 537 1,717

 9.0 - 10.9 90 99 857 194 501 799 49 724 1,637

 11.0 - 12.9 83 77 781 259 636 683 50 766 1,126

 13.0 - 14.9 95 65 663 261 708 485 53 716 769

 15.0 - 16.9 59 60 488 206 709 267 34 576 456

 17.0 - 18.9 40 30 289 123 591 100 20 405 277

 19.0 - 20.9 21 25 197 95 437 72 12 262 146

 21.0 - 28.9 29 36 226 97 581 47 12 326 212

 29.0 + 4 2 70 14 119 16 1 53 62

Total 556 588 4,748 1,476 4,740 3,611 295 4,683 7,623

North Central:

 5.0 - 6.9 9 28 641 219 57 1,184 55 193 1,262

 7.0 - 8.9 15 29 837 404 105 1,835 95 255 1,640

 9.0 - 10.9 21 29 815 567 169 2,442 120 299 1,548

 11.0 - 12.9 23 22 700 591 195 2,314 150 259 1,095

 13.0 - 14.9 22 31 587 467 223 1,739 145 228 771

 15.0 - 16.9 20 20 423 333 238 1,074 97 154 497

 17.0 - 18.9 14 16 300 204 201 543 74 107 366

 19.0 - 20.9 10 7 202 126 177 258 38 62 238

 21.0 - 28.9 14 14 252 170 292 451 30 74 450

 29.0 + 0 3 41 17 29 220 0 7 139

Total 148 199 4,798 3,098 1,686 12,061 804 1,639 8,007

Southeast:

 5.0 - 6.9 778 699 149 13 437 4 11 72 537

 7.0 - 8.9 1,034 931 188 27 674 9 21 64 675

 9.0 - 10.9 1,235 1,102 254 37 926 7 35 57 751

 11.0 - 12.9 1,167 1,184 262 52 1,275 5 37 40 692

 13.0 - 14.9 1,108 1,083 238 54 1,384 9 31 26 584

 15.0 - 16.9 790 833 210 57 1,429 8 25 15 461

 17.0 - 18.9 539 548 142 31 1,123 7 9 17 306

 19.0 - 20.9 354 343 120 29 861 5 16 6 206

 21.0 - 28.9 508 424 162 25 1,254 21 12 10 345

 29.0 + 60 102 27 10 176 17 2 2 62

Total 7,573 7,248 1,752 334 9,538 92 197 311 4,618

Million cubic feet
126

Table 26—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other

Subregion and and wood eastern

diameter class black Yellow and Black Black hard-

(in inches) Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

South Central:

 5.0 - 6.9 956 378 243 18 233 7 35 90 1,031

 7.0 - 8.9 1,391 561 364 27 432 18 55 87 1,204

 9.0 - 10.9 1,605 720 404 36 593 29 78 92 1,213

 11.0 - 12.9 1,326 614 375 48 737 37 58 52 1,031

 13.0 - 14.9 1,204 621 339 41 821 39 50 40 932

 15.0 - 16.9 940 483 305 36 790 48 36 39 695

 17.0 - 18.9 596 330 235 23 615 54 23 29 561

 19.0 - 20.9 426 162 161 18 431 67 12 10 392

 21.0 - 28.9 541 215 232 25 561 195 14 11 685

 29.0 + 72 22 31 3 70 127 1 3 117

Total 9,058 4,106 2,689 275 5,283 621 362 452 7,862

East total:

 5.0 - 6.9 1,797 1,205 1,509 321 874 1,606 122 672 4,051

 7.0 - 8.9 2,520 1,616 2,091 615 1,522 2,594 213 944 5,236

 9.0 - 10.9 2,951 1,951 2,329 833 2,188 3,277 282 1,172 5,149

 11.0 - 12.9 2,599 1,897 2,120 950 2,843 3,040 294 1,116 3,945

 13.0 - 14.9 2,430 1,800 1,826 822 3,135 2,271 278 1,011 3,057

 15.0 - 16.9 1,809 1,396 1,427 631 3,166 1,397 193 784 2,109

 17.0 - 18.9 1,189 923 966 381 2,530 704 126 559 1,510

 19.0 - 20.9 812 536 679 268 1,905 402 78 340 983

 21.0 - 28.9 1,092 689 872 317 2,688 713 69 422 1,692

 29.0 + 136 129 169 45 394 381 4 66 379

Total 17,336 12,141 13,987 5,183 21,247 16,384 1,658 7,085 28,111

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly 

from volume by State in other tables because of rounding.

Million cubic feet
127

Table 27—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion,

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

Subregion and and and Other and and Other

diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft-

(in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast:

 5.0 - 6.9 3,744 0 64 215 499 3 1,912 595 0 456

 7.0 - 8.9 5,318 0 100 392 860 2 2,382 930 0 651

 9.0 - 10.9 5,133 0 115 410 1,059 5 1,943 1,014 0 588

 11.0 - 12.9 4,751 0 129 322 1,277 3 1,401 1,108 0 511

 13.0 - 14.9 3,810 0 101 214 1,351 1 763 1,037 0 343

 15.0 - 16.9 2,783 0 71 104 1,145 0 439 803 1 221

 17.0 - 18.9 1,827 0 41 38 881 0 193 552 1 121

 19.0 - 20.9 1,227 0 18 17 729 0 79 339 0 45

 21.0 - 28.9 1,935 0 13 5 1,308 0 72 506 0 29

 29.0 + 417 0 0 0 350 0 0 66 0 0

Total 30,945 0 652 1,717 9,460 14 9,184 6,949 3 2,965

North Central:

 5.0 - 6.9 3,571 0 98 52 590 270 1,431 39 0 1,090

 7.0 - 8.9 4,149 0 140 90 939 432 1,272 64 0 1,212

 9.0 - 10.9 3,316 0 163 89 821 399 828 107 0 909

 11.0 - 12.9 2,374 0 146 64 700 259 476 137 0 591

 13.0 - 14.9 1,579 0 105 34 567 122 247 155 2 348

 15.0 - 16.9 1,058 0 51 26 448 45 151 157 2 177

 17.0 - 18.9 772 0 20 14 402 16 92 135 3 90

 19.0 - 20.9 542 0 10 4 336 4 45 100 2 42

 21.0 - 28.9 893 0 3 0 643 2 37 168 8 32

 29.0 + 178 0 0 0 151 0 0 21 4 1

Total 18,431 0 737 373 5,597 1,550 4,579 1,082 22 4,491

Southeast:

 5.0 - 6.9 6,621 1,724 3,316 962 98 0 3 34 363 120

 7.0 - 8.9 9,358 2,277 4,695 1,544 152 0 4 37 540 109

 9.0 - 10.9 9,146 1,987 4,585 1,615 178 0 5 37 653 86

 11.0 - 12.9 8,043 1,752 4,135 1,241 174 0 7 46 637 53

 13.0 - 14.9 6,447 1,417 3,413 787 180 0 2 35 568 47

 15.0 - 16.9 4,732 969 2,735 376 198 0 3 45 383 25

 17.0 - 18.9 3,032 513 1,815 180 180 0 0 43 286 16

 19.0 - 20.9 1,888 222 1,163 82 183 0 0 29 196 12

 21.0 - 28.9 2,293 181 1,307 66 316 0 0 71 342 10

 29.0 + 301 2 83 2 76 0 1 37 99 1

Total 51,861 11,044 27,248 6,855 1,733 0 24 413 4,066 478

 and diameter class, 1997

Million cubic feet
128

Table 27—(continued).

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

Subregion and and and Other and and Other

diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft-

(in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

South Central:

 5.0 - 6.9 4,772 452 3,654 300 11 0 0 16 51 288

 7.0 - 8.9 7,530 738 5,763 582 23 0 0 20 126 278

 9.0 - 10.9 8,014 900 6,179 549 29 0 0 24 153 180

 11.0 - 12.9 8,364 943 6,504 502 31 0 0 32 237 116

 13.0 - 14.9 7,602 804 6,005 349 27 0 0 27 317 73

 15.0 - 16.9 6,117 532 4,971 188 35 0 0 22 339 30

 17.0 - 18.9 4,172 287 3,379 114 31 0 0 21 322 17

 19.0 - 20.9 2,677 140 2,193 78 29 0 0 15 215 8

 21.0 - 28.9 3,344 92 2,652 106 55 0 0 31 402 6

 29.0 + 393 0 218 6 11 0 0 4 154 0

Total 52,985 4,886 41,517 2,774 281 0 0 213 2,317 997

East total:

 5.0 - 6.9 18,707 2,176 7,132 1,529 1,198 273 3,346 684 415 1,954

 7.0 - 8.9 26,355 3,016 10,699 2,608 1,974 435 3,658 1,050 666 2,250

 9.0 - 10.9 25,610 2,887 11,041 2,663 2,086 404 2,776 1,182 806 1,763

 11.0 - 12.9 23,532 2,694 10,914 2,129 2,181 262 1,883 1,323 874 1,272

 13.0 - 14.9 19,439 2,221 9,624 1,385 2,124 123 1,012 1,253 886 811

 15.0 - 16.9 14,690 1,500 7,828 694 1,826 45 593 1,027 725 452

 17.0 - 18.9 9,803 800 5,255 345 1,495 16 284 752 613 243

 19.0 - 20.9 6,333 361 3,384 181 1,277 4 124 483 413 107

 21.0 - 28.9 8,465 273 3,975 178 2,322 2 109 776 752 77

 29.0 + 1,289 2 301 8 589 0 2 128 258 2

Total 154,222 15,931 70,154 11,719 17,072 1,564 13,787 8,657 6,408 8,931

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in

other tables because of rounding.

Million cubic feet
129

Table 28—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion,

Ponderosa

Subregion and Total and Western 

diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka

(in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Great Plains:

 5.0 - 6.9 320 145 0 89 0 0 0000

 7.0 - 8.9 492 267 0 190 0 0 0000

 9.0 - 10.9 536 271 0 184 0 0 0000

 11.0 - 12.9 506 266 0 181 0 0 0000

 13.0 - 14.9 460 221 0 148 0 0 0000

 15.0 - 16.9 369 157 0 95 0 0 0000

 17.0 - 18.9 294 107 0 59 0 0 0000

 19.0 - 20.9 217 64 0 39 0 0 0000

 21.0 - 28.9 481 63 0 42 0 0 0000

 29.0 + 257 2 0 2 0 0 0000

Total 3,931 1,563 0 1,028 0 0 0000

Intermountain:

 5.0 - 6.9 10,626 9,164 1,419 658 1,993 71 0 17 0 0

 7.0 - 8.9 16,611 14,678 2,502 1,254 2,554 121 0 36 0 0

 9.0 - 10.9 17,770 15,933 3,243 1,736 2,702 116 0 40 0 0

 11.0 - 12.9 16,397 15,176 3,672 1,947 2,619 145 0 53 0 0

 13.0 - 14.9 13,647 12,897 3,615 2,005 2,182 129 0 93 0 0

 15.0 - 16.9 11,044 10,605 3,336 1,718 1,785 98 0 72 0 0

 17.0 - 18.9 8,644 8,428 2,792 1,479 1,378 87 0 47 0 0

 19.0 - 20.9 6,625 6,485 2,171 1,176 1,014 83 0 41 0 0

 21.0 - 28.9 14,235 14,056 4,612 3,042 1,849 155 0 96 0 0

 29.0 + 5,769 5,695 1,689 1,410 836 57 0 38 0 0

Total 121,368 113,118 29,052 16,426 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0

Alaska:

 5.0 - 6.9 1,326 743 0 0 0 178 0 0 0 68

 7.0 - 8.9 2,248 1,538 0 0 0 310 0 0 0 139

 9.0 - 10.9 2,296 1,830 0 0 0 446 0 0 0 247

 11.0 - 12.9 2,403 2,044 0 0 0 566 0 0 0 283

 13.0 - 14.9 2,387 2,162 0 0 2 691 0 0 0 380

 15.0 - 16.9 2,277 1,995 0 0 0 666 0 0 0 412

 17.0 - 18.9 2,175 2,052 0 0 0 784 0 0 0 534

 19.0 - 20.9 2,110 2,008 0 0 0 895 0 0 0 545

 21.0 - 28.9 7,141 6,908 0 0 0 3,289 0 0 0 2,038

 29.0 + 8,593 8,530 0 0 0 3,599 0 0 0 3,874

Total 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519

 and diameter class, 1997

Softwoods

Million cubic feet
130

Table 28—(continued).

Ponderosa

Subregion and Total and Western 

diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka

(in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Pacific Northwest:

 5.0 - 6.9 4,509 3,767 1,225 334 547 609 6 12 0 1

 7.0 - 8.9 8,438 6,983 2,558 599 959 1,237 7 20 0 4

 9.0 - 10.9 11,006 9,101 3,621 868 1,182 1,647 15 35 1 5

 11.0 - 12.9 12,480 10,397 4,427 994 1,378 1,933 18 33 1 9

 13.0 - 14.9 12,169 10,471 4,825 1,026 1,323 1,820 15 26 2 9

 15.0 - 16.9 11,690 10,273 5,011 950 1,294 1,732 15 31 1 10

 17.0 - 18.9 10,743 9,629 4,744 865 1,276 1,563 17 32 3 9

 19.0 - 20.9 9,615 8,884 4,517 826 1,213 1,287 19 28 4 9

 21.0 - 28.9 28,112 26,732 13,741 2,728 3,580 3,653 100 88 6 39

 29.0 + 40,256 39,732 24,889 2,374 3,580 4,324 478 80 15 233

Total 149,018 135,969 69,559 11,564 16,332 19,806 689 386 32 328

Pacific Southwest:

 5.0 - 6.9 1,461 820 314 120 234 3 15 1 40 0

 7.0 - 8.9 2,336 1,444 499 270 399 1 42 4 67 0

 9.0 - 10.9 2,939 2,064 670 394 587 3 57 8 134 0

 11.0 - 12.9 3,411 2,462 656 529 780 5 58 13 169 0

 13.0 - 14.9 3,557 2,676 680 605 809 0 79 10 209 0

 15.0 - 16.9 3,775 3,070 748 696 920 5 87 10 298 0

 17.0 - 18.9 3,795 3,134 723 711 964 3 120 16 284 0

 19.0 - 20.9 3,784 3,201 703 746 923 0 152 13 373 0

 21.0 - 28.9 12,917 11,369 2,644 2,546 3,112 7 668 76 1,296 0

 29.0 + 19,810 18,931 6,261 3,105 4,619 5 1,683 126 1,740 0

Total 57,785 49,172 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0

West total:

 5.0 - 6.9 18,241 14,639 2,957 1,202 2,774 861 21 30 40 70

 7.0 - 8.9 30,125 24,911 5,559 2,313 3,911 1,670 49 60 67 143

 9.0 - 10.9 34,548 29,198 7,534 3,182 4,471 2,212 72 84 135 251

 11.0 - 12.9 35,197 30,345 8,755 3,651 4,777 2,649 76 99 170 293

 13.0 - 14.9 32,220 28,427 9,120 3,785 4,316 2,641 94 129 211 389

 15.0 - 16.9 29,156 26,101 9,096 3,459 3,999 2,502 102 113 299 423

 17.0 - 18.9 25,651 23,350 8,260 3,114 3,619 2,436 137 95 287 543

 19.0 - 20.9 22,350 20,642 7,391 2,787 3,149 2,265 171 82 377 554

 21.0 - 28.9 62,886 59,128 20,996 8,357 8,541 7,104 768 261 1,302 2,076

 29.0 + 74,685 72,890 32,840 6,891 9,035 7,985 2,161 244 1,754 4,106

Total 365,057 329,631 112,509 38,741 48,592 32,324 3,650 1,196 4,642 8,848

Softwoods

Million cubic feet
131

Table 28—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other

diameter class other Western Incense- pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard-

(in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Great Plains:

 5.0 - 6.9 5 0 0 0 0 50 175 5 0 0 170

 7.0 - 8.9 10 0 0 0 0 67 225 2 0 0 222

 9.0 - 10.9 10 0 0 0 0 77 265 1 0 0 264

 11.0 - 12.9 6 0 0 0 0 79 240 1 0 0 239

 13.0 - 14.9 5 0 0 0 0 68 239 0 0 0 239

 15.0 - 16.9 6 0 0 0 0 56 212 0 0 0 212

 17.0 - 18.9 3 0 0 0 0 45 187 0 0 0 187

 19.0 - 20.9 2 0 0 0 0 23 153 0 0 0 153

 21.0 - 28.9 1 0 0 0 0 21 418 0 0 0 418

 29.0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 255

Total 48 0 0 0 0 486 2,368 9 0 0 2,359

Intermountain:

 5.0 - 6.9 720 202 0 3,645 196 242 1,462 1,261 0 0 201

 7.0 - 8.9 1,276 381 0 5,919 211 422 1,933 1,843 0 0 90

 9.0 - 10.9 1,616 490 0 5,286 230 473 1,837 1,774 0 0 63

 11.0 - 12.9 1,870 475 0 3,686 230 480 1,222 1,189 0 0 32

 13.0 - 14.9 1,869 422 0 1,963 204 413 750 723 0 0 27

 15.0 - 16.9 1,747 324 0 991 208 324 439 432 0 0 7

 17.0 - 18.9 1,508 322 0 426 163 226 216 209 0 0 7

 19.0 - 20.9 1,250 228 0 186 139 198 139 136 0 0 3

 21.0 - 28.9 2,675 617 0 154 439 417 178 171 0 0 7

 29.0 + 728 242 2 13 546 134 74 70 0 0 3

Total 15,260 3,704 3 22,269 2,567 3,329 8,250 7,808 0 0 442

Alaska:

 5.0 - 6.9 417 0 0 1 15 55 583 205 2 0 376

 7.0 - 8.9 911 0 0 3 32 126 710 264 0 0 445

 9.0 - 10.9 879 0 0 5 38 184 466 159 7 0 300

 11.0 - 12.9 869 0 0 6 39 261 359 158 4 0 197

 13.0 - 14.9 654 0 0 3 76 335 224 104 4 0 116

 15.0 - 16.9 465 0 0 8 67 333 281 189 6 0 86

 17.0 - 18.9 237 0 0 7 79 375 124 95 4 0 24

 19.0 - 20.9 94 0 0 1 104 331 102 93 2 0 7

 21.0 - 28.9 76 0 0 3 332 1,048 233 226 4 0 4

 29.0 + 4 0 0 0 441 558 63 62 0 0 1

Total 4,605 0 0 38 1,222 3,605 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557

Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million cubic feet
132

Table 28—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other

diameter class other Western Incense- pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard-

(in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Pacific Northwest:

 5.0 - 6.9 70 95 19 673 130 45 742 15 375 41 311

 7.0 - 8.9 119 172 30 951 225 103 1,454 36 865 46 507

 9.0 - 10.9 193 246 33 851 249 157 1,905 71 1,195 60 579

 11.0 - 12.9 235 250 30 619 283 185 2,083 60 1,409 54 559

 13.0 - 14.9 249 257 28 422 288 180 1,698 49 1,119 67 463

 15.0 - 16.9 258 241 39 214 276 200 1,417 59 941 42 375

 17.0 - 18.9 244 221 25 146 278 205 1,113 69 667 49 328

 19.0 - 20.9 232 188 40 65 272 184 731 64 374 29 265

 21.0 - 28.9 559 439 145 63 975 617 1,380 207 531 63 579

 29.0 + 666 144 334 9 2,057 550 524 110 58 32 324

Total 2,825 2,254 723 4,012 5,034 2,425 13,049 740 7,535 484 4,290

Pacific Southwest:

 5.0 - 6.9 1 0 76 13 0 5 641 1 17 335 288

 7.0 - 8.9 0 0 116 34 1 13 892 2 41 434 414

 9.0 - 10.9 1 0 134 59 0 17 876 1 48 421 406

 11.0 - 12.9 0 0 160 69 0 25 948 2 42 442 463

 13.0 - 14.9 4 0 175 80 0 25 882 1 26 431 423

 15.0 - 16.9 4 0 186 93 0 22 704 5 11 327 362

 17.0 - 18.9 0 0 194 76 0 43 661 1 4 346 311

 19.0 - 20.9 3 0 184 67 0 38 583 2 10 267 303

 21.0 - 28.9 10 0 660 242 1 108 1,548 15 14 825 694

 29.0 + 13 0 964 178 0 237 879 4 5 493 377

Total 36 0 2,849 911 2 532 8,613 35 218 4,320 4,041

West total:

 5.0 - 6.9 1,213 297 95 4,332 342 398 3,602 1,487 393 376 1,347

 7.0 - 8.9 2,317 554 146 6,908 468 730 5,213 2,147 907 480 1,679

 9.0 - 10.9 2,698 736 167 6,201 517 908 5,349 2,007 1,249 481 1,613

 11.0 - 12.9 2,980 725 190 4,380 552 1,029 4,852 1,410 1,455 496 1,490

 13.0 - 14.9 2,781 679 203 2,468 568 1,023 3,793 876 1,150 498 1,269

 15.0 - 16.9 2,481 565 226 1,306 552 935 3,055 685 958 369 1,042

 17.0 - 18.9 1,992 543 219 655 520 894 2,301 374 675 395 857

 19.0 - 20.9 1,580 416 224 318 515 774 1,709 295 387 296 731

 21.0 - 28.9 3,320 1,056 805 462 1,747 2,210 3,758 619 548 888 1,702

 29.0 + 1,411 387 1,300 199 3,044 1,479 1,794 247 64 525 959

Total 22,773 5,958 3,574 27,229 8,825 10,378 35,425 10,147 7,786 4,804 12,689

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly 

from volume by State in other tables because of rounding.

Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million cubic feet
133

Table 29—Net volume of growing stock on planted and natural timberland in the Northern, Southern, and Western United States by forest 

 type group and major ownership group, 1997.

 

Forest type groupa Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural

Northern:

 White-red-jack pine 19,467 4,144 15,323 4,680 1,834 2,846 14,788 2,310 12,478

 Spruce-fir 17,254 455 16,799 4,792 208 4,584 12,462 247 12,215

 Longleaf-slash pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 2,406 347 2,059 696 163 533 1,709 183 1,526

 Oak-pine 4,839 258 4,581 708 84 624 4,131 175 3,956

 Oak-hickory 66,359 205 66,154 10,557 32 10,525 55,803 173 55,630

 Oak-gum-cypress 1,151 11 1,140 219 0 219 933 11 921

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 10,688 71 10,616 2,015 20 1,996 8,672 52 8,621

 Maple-beech-birch 74,280 234 74,046 13,811 72 13,740 60,468 162 60,306

 Aspen-birch 17,789 57 17,732 6,510 15 6,495 11,279 42 11,236

 Nonstocked 18 0 18 6 0 6 13 0 13

Northern Total: 214,251 5,783 208,468 43,994 2,428 41,567 170,257 3,356 166,901

Southern:

 White-red-jack pine 1,626 274 1,352 495 52 443 1,131 223 908

 Spruce-fir 16 0 16 7 0 7 9 0 9

 Longleaf-slash pine 13,733 6,283 7,450 2,949 569 2,380 10,784 5,714 5,069

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 65,252 17,816 47,436 9,117 1,173 7,943 56,135 16,642 39,493

 Oak-pine 33,500 1,591 31,909 4,983 183 4,799 28,518 1,408 27,110

 Oak-hickory 90,376 444 89,932 11,863 49 11,814 78,513 395 78,118

 Oak-gum-cypress 46,838 74 46,764 5,630 2 5,627 41,208 71 41,136

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 3,142 37 3,105 424 0 424 2,718 37 2,681

 Maple-beech-birch 1,841 2 1,839 358 0 358 1,483 2 1,481

 Aspen-birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Nonstocked 38 2 37 6 0 6 32 2 31

Southern Total: 256,361 26,522 229,839 35,830 2,028 33,802 220,532 24,494 196,038

Westernb :

 Douglas-fir 112,158 b b 81,525 b b 30,633 b b

 Ponderosa pine 48,113 b b 28,889 b b 19,224 b b

 Western white pine 411 b b 365 b b 46 b b

 Fir-spruce 70,775 b b 61,893 b b 8,882 b b

 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 58,777 b b 44,153 b b 14,624 b b

 Larch 2,970 b b 2,238 b b 731 b b

 Lodgepole pine 25,995 b b 22,597 b b 3,398 b b

 Redwood 4,997 b b 640 b b 4,356 b b

 Other softwoods 3,020 b b 2,287 b b 733 b b

 Western hardwoods 37,498 b b 15,251 b b 22,247 b b

 Pinyon-juniper 167 b b 164 b b 3 b b

 Nonstocked 180 b b 26 b b 154 b b

Western Total: 365,060 b b 260,029 b b 105,031 b b

United States: 835,672 b b 339,853 b b 495,819 b b

a Forest type reflects the current dominant species by plurality of stocking and may not reflect the actual species planted at the time of stand origin. b Approximately 13.6 million acres of forest in the West are planted, primarily to augment natural regeneration after a harvest and assure 

adequate stocking of desired species. The species planted are usually native, making these stands difficult to detect during field sampling. 

Additionally, there are thousands of acres of more traditional "plantations" such as those found in the east that are not currently identified during field sampling.

Refer to the text accompanying this report for a discussion of planted forest in the west. 

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

All ownership groups Public ownerships Private ownerships

Thousand cubic feet
134

Table 30—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion,

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North:

 Northeast 1997 30,945 3,744 5,318 5,133 4,751 3,810 2,783 1,827 1,227 1,935 417

 1987 31,609 4,751 6,404 6,043 4,919 3,351 2,288 1,426 904 1,291 232

 1977 30,991 7,639 7,255 5,431 3,877 2,547 1,711 1,018 607 767 138

 1963 24,034 6,046 5,713 4,061 2,882 1,978 1,304 766 517 677 85

 1953 20,028 4,628 4,734 3,147 2,498 1,791 1,190 721 527 702 90

 North Central 1997 18,431 3,571 4,149 3,316 2,374 1,579 1,058 772 542 893 178

 1987 16,009 3,429 3,816 2,939 1,964 1,285 865 609 426 598 81

 1977 12,859 3,163 3,103 2,190 1,430 949 695 491 315 461 60

 1963 9,627 2,618 2,227 1,510 1,075 678 503 361 247 348 59

 1953 7,025 1,802 1,592 1,167 862 516 348 261 161 274 41

North total: 1997 49,376 7,314 9,467 8,449 7,125 5,389 3,841 2,599 1,769 2,828 595

1987 47,618 8,180 10,220 8,982 6,883 4,636 3,153 2,035 1,330 1,889 313

1977 43,850 10,802 10,358 7,621 5,307 3,496 2,406 1,509 922 1,228 198

 1963 33,661 8,665 7,941 5,572 3,958 2,657 1,808 1,127 764 1,025 144

 1953 27,053 6,430 6,326 4,314 3,360 2,307 1,538 982 688 976 131

South:

 Southeast 1997 51,861 6,621 9,358 9,146 8,043 6,447 4,732 3,032 1,888 2,293 301

 1987 52,619 6,483 9,420 9,878 8,847 6,834 4,544 2,886 1,640 1,845 242

 1977 51,008 6,929 9,384 9,780 8,535 6,467 4,337 2,500 1,408 1,487 181

 1963 40,174 5,464 7,649 8,224 7,231 4,877 2,972 1,742 939 955 121

 1953 35,548 4,547 6,776 7,473 6,574 4,265 2,550 1,464 805 969 125

 South Central 1997 52,985 4,772 7,530 8,014 8,364 7,602 6,117 4,172 2,677 3,344 393

 1987 52,994 4,765 7,521 8,985 8,978 7,515 5,788 3,885 2,418 2,844 298

 1977 50,200 5,178 7,691 8,771 8,451 6,923 5,126 3,406 2,082 2,340 232

 1963 34,913 3,875 5,425 6,017 5,819 4,776 3,653 2,366 1,415 1,444 122

 1953 24,914 2,596 3,834 4,554 4,338 3,473 2,556 1,645 886 910 122

South total: 1997 104,846 11,393 16,888 17,160 16,407 14,049 10,849 7,204 4,564 5,637 694

1987 105,613 11,248 16,941 18,863 17,825 14,349 10,332 6,771 4,058 4,689 540

1977 101,208 12,107 17,075 18,551 16,986 13,390 9,463 5,906 3,490 3,827 413

 1963 75,087 9,339 13,074 14,241 13,050 9,653 6,625 4,108 2,354 2,399 243

 1953 60,462 7,143 10,610 12,027 10,912 7,738 5,106 3,109 1,691 1,879 247

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 1,563 145 267 271 266 221 157 107 64 63 2

 1987 1,912 162 278 334 339 285 215 156 74 69 1

 1977 1,799 147 267 324 315 263 195 130 83 72 2

 1963 1,472 97 168 216 232 208 186 139 104 116 6

 1953 1,309 68 132 174 197 177 176 136 111 131 8

 Intermountain 1997 113,118 9,164 14,678 15,933 15,176 12,897 10,605 8,428 6,485 14,056 5,695

 1987 98,386 8,639 12,318 13,388 12,425 10,685 8,957 7,142 5,603 13,161 6,074

 1977 93,318 9,383 11,772 11,883 10,950 9,682 8,172 6,912 5,681 13,305 5,580

 1963 91,751 10,286 9,969 10,325 10,129 9,423 8,503 7,251 6,057 14,484 5,323

 1953 86,237 8,573 8,455 8,956 8,968 8,542 7,858 6,884 5,886 14,935 7,178

 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Diameter class

(Inches)

Million cubic feet
135

Table 30—(continued).

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Rocky Mountain 1997 114,681 9,309 14,945 16,204 15,442 13,118 10,762 8,535 6,549 14,120 5,697

total: 1987 100,298 8,801 12,596 13,722 12,764 10,970 9,172 7,298 5,677 13,230 6,075

1977 95,111 9,529 12,038 12,206 11,264 9,944 8,366 7,041 5,763 13,376 5,581

 1963 93,223 10,383 10,137 10,541 10,361 9,631 8,689 7,390 6,161 14,600 5,329

 1953 87,546 8,641 8,587 9,130 9,165 8,719 8,034 7,020 5,997 15,066 7,186

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska 1997 29,810 743 1,538 1,830 2,044 2,162 1,995 2,052 2,008 6,908 8,530

 1987 37,051 956 1,934 2,394 2,705 2,675 2,662 2,750 2,506 8,797 9,670

 1977 48,277 1,346 1,849 2,754 3,521 3,996 4,116 3,685 3,424 11,547 12,042

 1963 49,426 1,204 1,619 2,460 3,269 3,788 4,056 3,800 3,604 12,288 13,340

 1953 49,149 1,103 1,495 2,279 3,097 3,619 3,963 3,792 3,624 12,414 13,764

 Pacific Northwest 1997 135,969 3,767 6,983 9,101 10,397 10,471 10,273 9,629 8,884 26,732 39,732

 1987 130,684 4,154 7,662 9,780 10,863 10,636 10,266 9,527 8,533 24,926 34,337

 1977 132,535 5,821 7,235 8,235 8,800 8,719 8,682 8,493 7,859 26,299 42,392

 1963 144,994 4,954 6,573 7,546 8,263 8,405 8,608 8,482 8,109 28,664 55,390

 1953 149,574 4,264 5,593 6,366 7,370 7,242 8,090 7,844 7,967 29,507 65,331

 Pacific Southwest 1997 49,172 820 1,444 2,064 2,462 2,676 3,070 3,134 3,201 11,369 18,931

 1987 46,311 891 1,417 1,754 2,135 2,383 2,627 2,791 2,664 10,222 19,429

 1977 45,979 769 1,259 1,613 1,885 2,213 2,387 2,456 2,511 10,016 20,870

 1963 53,369 925 1,472 1,810 2,029 2,171 2,260 2,313 2,342 10,020 28,027

 1953 58,010 766 1,245 1,603 1,835 2,055 2,160 2,269 2,282 10,141 33,654

Pacific Coast total: 1997 214,951 5,330 9,966 12,994 14,903 15,309 15,339 14,815 14,093 45,009 67,193

1987 214,046 6,001 11,013 13,928 15,703 15,694 15,555 15,068 13,703 43,945 63,436

1977 226,791 7,936 10,343 12,602 14,206 14,928 15,185 14,634 13,794 47,862 75,304

 1963 247,789 7,083 9,664 11,816 13,561 14,364 14,924 14,595 14,055 50,972 96,757

 1953 256,733 6,133 8,333 10,248 12,302 12,916 14,213 13,905 13,873 52,062 112,749

United States: 1997 483,854 33,346 51,266 54,808 53,877 47,865 40,791 33,153 26,975 67,593 74,179

 1987 467,575 34,230 50,770 55,495 53,175 45,649 38,212 31,172 24,768 63,753 70,364

 1977 466,960 40,374 49,812 50,980 47,763 41,758 35,419 29,089 23,968 66,295 81,495

 1963 449,760 35,470 40,814 42,170 40,930 36,304 32,045 27,220 23,334 68,997 102,471

 1953 431,794 28,346 33,857 35,719 35,737 31,679 28,892 25,016 22,248 69,981 120,314

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total 

volume by State in other tables because of rounding.

Diameter class

(Inches)

Million cubic feet
136

Table 31—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion,

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North:

 Northeast 1997 90,234 8,137 13,420 15,604 14,110 12,048 9,054 6,165 4,145 6,160 1,391

 1987 80,524 9,280 13,288 14,328 12,619 10,359 7,344 5,022 3,090 4,402 794

 1977 67,320 10,488 12,220 12,275 9,872 7,790 5,458 3,558 2,240 2,968 451

 1963 52,835 8,564 9,762 9,402 7,351 5,794 4,155 2,866 1,887 2,655 399

 1953 43,197 6,926 7,703 7,332 5,712 4,652 3,578 2,532 1,660 2,709 395

 North Central 1997 74,640 7,436 10,575 12,210 11,341 9,678 7,475 5,305 3,499 5,798 1,323

 1987 61,896 8,177 10,121 10,432 9,074 7,103 5,452 3,829 2,604 4,076 1,028

 1977 51,838 7,773 9,665 9,338 7,414 5,925 4,203 2,775 1,753 2,468 521

 1963 41,792 6,652 7,943 7,236 5,615 4,407 3,275 2,202 1,503 2,466 491

 1953 33,498 4,766 5,925 6,037 4,359 3,630 2,705 1,928 1,319 2,401 428

North total: 1997 164,874 15,573 23,995 27,814 25,451 21,726 16,529 11,471 7,644 11,958 2,714

1987 142,420 17,457 23,409 24,760 21,693 17,462 12,796 8,851 5,694 8,478 1,822

1977 119,158 18,261 21,885 21,613 17,286 13,715 9,661 6,333 3,993 5,436 972

 1963 94,627 15,216 17,705 16,638 12,966 10,201 7,430 5,068 3,390 5,121 890

 1953 76,695 11,692 13,628 13,369 10,071 8,282 6,283 4,460 2,979 5,110 823

South:

 Southeast 1997 71,124 5,598 7,861 9,542 10,208 9,781 8,365 6,387 4,613 7,219 1,550

 1987 68,154 5,963 8,156 9,556 10,345 9,516 7,805 5,787 3,815 5,947 1,264

 1977 60,691 6,005 8,037 9,192 9,239 8,346 6,500 4,616 2,985 4,766 1,005

 1963 46,998 4,573 6,190 7,214 7,300 6,575 4,848 3,552 2,358 3,681 707

 1953 41,533 3,558 5,218 6,391 6,315 5,900 4,309 3,293 2,226 3,603 720

 South Central 1997 80,392 6,605 9,823 11,838 11,180 10,815 8,941 6,848 4,877 7,807 1,657

 1987 70,874 7,385 9,914 11,340 10,493 9,487 7,505 5,295 3,430 5,129 891

 1977 61,474 7,426 8,978 9,843 8,852 8,019 6,404 4,380 2,782 4,055 733

 1963 51,987 5,821 7,545 8,571 7,810 6,827 5,129 3,572 2,407 3,687 618

 1953 46,475 4,529 6,170 7,308 7,028 6,304 4,901 3,553 2,354 3,739 589

South total: 1997 151,516 12,202 17,684 21,380 21,389 20,596 17,306 13,235 9,490 15,026 3,207

1987 139,028 13,348 18,070 20,896 20,838 19,003 15,310 11,082 7,245 11,076 2,155

1977 122,165 13,431 17,015 19,035 18,091 16,365 12,904 8,996 5,767 8,821 1,738

 1963 98,985 10,394 13,735 15,785 15,110 13,402 9,977 7,124 4,765 7,368 1,325

 1953 88,008 8,087 11,388 13,699 13,343 12,204 9,210 6,846 4,580 7,342 1,309

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 2,368 175 225 265 240 239 212 187 153 418 255

 1987 1,468 168 158 177 148 136 116 96 82 230 161

 1977 1,273 133 149 169 155 136 114 90 76 230 21

 1963 1,102 107 125 145 120 109 97 81 72 226 21

 1953 1,098 92 130 139 106 121 113 97 78 199 22

 Intermountain 1997 8,250 1,462 1,933 1,837 1,222 750 439 216 139 178 74

 1987 6,213 1,086 1,423 1,424 888 550 317 167 124 163 75

 1977 4,865 797 1,164 1,007 738 462 278 175 95 133 14

 1963 4,494 551 949 940 740 510 319 197 116 156 16

 1953 3,976 444 802 817 660 467 298 188 114 158 25

 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Diameter class

(Inches)

Million cubic feet
137

Table 31—(continued).

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Rocky Mountain 1997 10,618 1,636 2,158 2,103 1,461 989 652 402 292 596 328

total: 1987 7,681 1,254 1,581 1,601 1,036 686 433 263 206 393 236

1977 6,138 930 1,313 1,176 893 598 392 265 171 363 35

 1963 5,596 658 1,074 1,085 860 619 416 278 188 382 37

 1953 5,074 536 932 956 766 588 411 285 192 357 47

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska 1997 3,145 583 710 466 359 224 281 124 102 233 63

 1987 4,209 664 1,030 675 562 335 337 187 135 216 70

 1977 4,222 616 915 744 416 373 304 203 148 313 190

 1963 4,191 611 886 727 410 371 304 206 152 326 199

 1953 4,189 610 874 720 407 370 305 208 155 335 205

 Pacific Northwest 1997 13,049 742 1,454 1,905 2,083 1,698 1,417 1,113 731 1,380 524

 1987 13,005 826 1,567 2,079 2,116 1,813 1,364 1,020 633 1,151 438

 1977 10,522 1,199 1,475 1,594 1,520 1,299 971 762 511 924 267

 1963 9,247 1,299 1,334 1,321 1,230 1,071 782 614 441 917 238

 1953 7,076 1,037 1,062 1,049 961 807 529 458 321 671 187

 Pacific Southwest 1997 8,613 641 892 876 948 882 704 661 583 1,548 879

 1987 7,740 551 798 823 781 750 699 626 485 1,412 819

 1977 3,891 254 411 415 391 368 365 299 266 720 402

 1963 3,194 201 314 296 301 328 277 266 217 567 427

 1953 3,048 193 320 250 281 301 257 242 203 536 466

Pacific Coast total: 1997 24,808 1,966 3,055 3,247 3,391 2,804 2,403 1,899 1,416 3,162 1,466

1987 24,954 2,041 3,395 3,577 3,459 2,898 2,400 1,833 1,253 2,779 1,327

1977 18,635 2,069 2,801 2,753 2,327 2,040 1,640 1,264 925 1,957 859

 1963 16,632 2,111 2,534 2,344 1,941 1,770 1,363 1,086 810 1,810 864

 1953 14,313 1,840 2,256 2,019 1,649 1,478 1,091 908 679 1,542 858

United States: 1997 351,815 31,377 46,892 54,544 51,692 46,115 36,890 27,006 18,843 30,742 7,715

 1987 314,083 34,100 46,455 50,834 47,026 40,049 30,939 22,029 14,398 22,726 5,540

 1977 266,096 34,691 43,014 44,577 38,597 32,718 24,597 16,858 10,856 16,577 3,604

 1963 215,840 28,379 35,048 35,852 30,877 25,992 19,186 13,556 9,153 14,681 3,116

 1953 184,090 22,155 28,204 30,043 25,829 22,552 16,995 12,499 8,430 14,351 3,037

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total 

volume by State in other tables because of rounding.

Diameter class

(Inches)

Million cubic feet
138

Table 32—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion,

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North:

 Northeast 1997 121,179 11,880 18,738 20,738 18,862 15,858 11,838 7,992 5,372 8,094 1,808

 1987 112,133 14,031 19,692 20,371 17,538 13,710 9,632 6,448 3,994 5,693 1,026

 1977 98,311 18,127 19,475 17,706 13,749 10,337 7,169 4,576 2,847 3,735 589

 1963 76,869 14,610 15,475 13,463 10,233 7,772 5,459 3,632 2,404 3,332 484

 1953 63,225 11,554 12,437 10,479 8,210 6,443 4,768 3,253 2,187 3,411 485

 North Central 1997 93,072 11,007 14,724 15,526 13,714 11,257 8,533 6,078 4,042 6,691 1,501

 1987 77,905 11,606 13,937 13,371 11,038 8,388 6,317 4,438 3,030 4,674 1,109

 1977 64,697 10,936 12,768 11,528 8,844 6,874 4,898 3,266 2,068 2,929 581

 1963 51,419 9,270 10,170 8,746 6,690 5,085 3,778 2,563 1,750 2,814 550

 1953 40,523 6,568 7,517 7,204 5,221 4,146 3,053 2,189 1,480 2,675 469

North total: 1997 214,251 22,887 33,462 36,264 32,576 27,115 20,371 14,070 9,413 14,785 3,308

1987 190,038 25,637 33,629 33,742 28,576 22,098 15,949 10,886 7,024 10,367 2,135

1977 163,008 29,063 32,243 29,234 22,593 17,211 12,067 7,842 4,915 6,664 1,170

 1963 128,288 23,880 25,645 22,209 16,923 12,857 9,237 6,195 4,154 6,146 1,034

 1953 103,748 18,122 19,954 17,683 13,431 10,589 7,821 5,442 3,667 6,086 954

South:

 Southeast 1997 122,985 12,218 17,219 18,688 18,252 16,229 13,097 9,419 6,500 9,512 1,850

 1987 120,773 12,446 17,576 19,434 19,192 16,350 12,349 8,673 5,455 7,792 1,506

 1977 111,699 12,934 17,421 18,972 17,774 14,813 10,837 7,116 4,393 6,253 1,186

 1963 87,172 10,037 13,839 15,438 14,531 11,452 7,820 5,294 3,297 4,636 828

 1953 77,081 8,105 11,994 13,864 12,889 10,165 6,859 4,757 3,031 4,572 845

 South Central 1997 133,377 11,377 17,353 19,852 19,544 18,417 15,058 11,020 7,554 11,151 2,051

 1987 123,868 12,150 17,435 20,325 19,471 17,002 13,293 9,180 5,848 7,973 1,189

 1977 111,674 12,604 16,669 18,614 17,303 14,942 11,530 7,786 4,864 6,395 965

 1963 86,900 9,696 12,970 14,588 13,629 11,603 8,782 5,938 3,822 5,131 740

 1953 71,389 7,125 10,004 11,862 11,366 9,777 7,457 5,198 3,240 4,649 711

South total: 1997 256,361 23,595 34,572 38,540 37,796 34,645 28,155 20,439 14,054 20,664 3,901

1987 244,641 24,596 35,011 39,759 38,663 33,352 25,642 17,853 11,303 15,765 2,695

1977 223,373 25,538 34,090 37,586 35,077 29,755 22,367 14,902 9,257 12,648 2,151

 1963 174,072 19,733 26,809 30,026 28,160 23,055 16,602 11,232 7,119 9,767 1,568

 1953 148,470 15,230 21,998 25,726 24,255 19,942 14,316 9,955 6,271 9,221 1,556

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 3,931 320 492 536 506 460 369 294 217 481 257

 1987 3,380 330 436 511 487 421 331 252 156 299 162

 1977 3,072 280 416 493 470 399 309 220 159 302 23

 1963 2,574 204 293 361 352 317 283 220 176 342 27

 1953 2,407 160 262 313 303 298 289 233 189 330 30

 Intermountain 1997 121,368 10,626 16,611 17,770 16,397 13,647 11,044 8,644 6,625 14,235 5,769

 1987 104,599 9,725 13,741 14,812 13,313 11,235 9,274 7,309 5,727 13,324 6,149

 1977 98,183 10,180 12,936 12,890 11,688 10,144 8,450 7,087 5,776 13,438 5,594

 1963 96,245 10,837 10,918 11,265 10,869 9,933 8,822 7,448 6,173 14,640 5,339

 1953 90,213 9,017 9,257 9,773 9,628 9,009 8,156 7,072 6,000 15,093 7,203

 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Diameter class

(Inches)

Million cubic feet
139

Table 32—(continued).

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Rocky Mountain 1997 125,299 10,945 17,103 18,306 16,903 14,107 11,414 8,938 6,842 14,716 6,026

total: 1987 107,979 10,055 14,177 15,323 13,800 11,656 9,605 7,561 5,883 13,623 6,311

1977 101,255 10,460 13,352 13,383 12,158 10,543 8,759 7,307 5,935 13,740 5,617

 1963 98,819 11,041 11,211 11,626 11,221 10,250 9,105 7,668 6,349 14,982 5,366

 1953 92,620 9,177 9,519 10,086 9,931 9,307 8,445 7,305 6,189 15,423 7,233

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska 1997 32,955 1,326 2,248 2,296 2,403 2,387 2,277 2,175 2,110 7,141 8,593

 1987 41,260 1,620 2,964 3,069 3,267 3,010 2,999 2,937 2,641 9,013 9,740

 1977 52,499 1,962 2,764 3,498 3,937 4,369 4,420 3,888 3,572 11,860 12,232

 1963 53,617 1,815 2,505 3,187 3,679 4,159 4,360 4,006 3,756 12,614 13,539

 1953 53,338 1,713 2,369 2,999 3,504 3,989 4,268 4,000 3,779 12,749 13,969

 Pacific Northwest 1997 149,018 4,509 8,438 11,006 12,480 12,169 11,690 10,743 9,615 28,112 40,256

 1987 143,698 4,979 9,230 11,859 12,989 12,450 11,630 10,546 9,166 26,077 34,775

 1977 143,057 7,020 8,710 9,829 10,320 10,018 9,653 9,255 8,370 27,223 42,659

 1963 154,241 6,253 7,907 8,867 9,493 9,476 9,390 9,096 8,550 29,581 55,628

 1953 156,650 5,301 6,655 7,415 8,331 8,049 8,619 8,302 8,288 30,178 65,518

 Pacific Southwest 1997 57,785 1,461 2,336 2,939 3,411 3,557 3,775 3,795 3,784 12,917 19,810

 1987 54,051 1,442 2,215 2,577 2,916 3,133 3,326 3,417 3,149 11,634 20,248

 1977 49,870 1,023 1,670 2,028 2,276 2,581 2,752 2,755 2,777 10,736 21,272

 1963 56,563 1,126 1,786 2,106 2,330 2,499 2,537 2,579 2,559 10,587 28,454

 1953 61,058 959 1,565 1,853 2,116 2,356 2,417 2,511 2,485 10,677 34,120

Pacific Coast total: 1997 239,758 7,296 13,022 16,241 18,294 18,113 17,742 16,713 15,509 48,170 68,659

1987 239,009 8,041 14,409 17,505 19,172 18,593 17,955 16,900 14,956 46,724 64,763

1977 245,426 10,005 13,144 15,355 16,533 16,968 16,825 15,898 14,719 49,819 76,163

 1963 264,421 9,194 12,198 14,160 15,502 16,134 16,287 15,681 14,865 52,782 97,621

 1953 271,046 7,973 10,589 12,267 13,951 14,394 15,304 14,813 14,552 53,604 113,607

United States: 1997 835,669 64,723 98,158 109,352 105,569 93,981 77,681 60,159 45,818 98,335 81,894

 1987 781,667 68,329 97,226 106,329 100,211 85,699 69,151 53,200 39,166 86,479 75,904

 1977 733,062 75,066 92,829 95,558 86,361 74,477 60,018 45,949 34,826 82,871 85,101

 1963 665,600 63,848 75,863 78,021 71,806 62,296 51,231 40,776 32,487 83,677 105,589

 1953 615,884 50,502 62,060 65,762 61,568 54,232 45,886 37,515 30,679 84,334 123,350

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total 

volume by State in other tables because of rounding.

Diameter class

(Inches)

Million cubic feet
140

Table 33—Annual mortality of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, 1976, 1962, and 1952 

 

Region, 

subregion, and

species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North:

 Northeast:

 Softwoods 273,609 257,140 191,544 180,000 150,800 7,549 5,393 1,746 4,180 3,570 16,790 14,875 10,561 7,927 6,911

 Hardwoods 514,142 418,217 356,773 301,400 248,200 26,217 15,518 10,823 12,030 9,810 73,113 51,156 33,580 27,528 21,982

 Total 787,750 675,357 548,317 481,400 399,000 33,766 20,911 12,569 16,210 13,380 89,902 66,031 44,141 35,455 28,893

 North Central:

 Softwoods 181,907 110,926 132,777 113,149 64,834 32,973 19,836 21,732 24,296 16,214 60,153 41,299 36,930 33,314 19,644

 Hardwoods 658,116 456,852 467,451 345,595 226,384 55,959 44,034 36,115 29,973 18,417 121,076 87,701 102,796 66,873 38,737

 Total 840,022 567,778 600,228 458,744 291,218 88,932 63,870 57,847 54,269 34,631 181,229 129,000 139,726 100,187 58,381

North Total:

 Softwoods 455,516 368,066 324,321 293,149 215,634 40,522 25,229 23,478 28,476 19,784 76,943 56,174 47,491 41,241 26,555

 Hardwoods 1,172,257 875,069 824,224 646,995 474,584 82,176 59,552 46,938 42,003 28,227 194,189 138,857 136,376 94,401 60,719

Total 1,627,773 1,243,135 1,148,545 940,144 690,218 122,698 84,781 70,416 70,479 48,011 271,132 195,031 183,867 135,642 87,274

South:

 Southeast:

 Softwoods 629,975 489,320 416,000 260,200 234,700 58,533 30,147 21,447 10,300 11,800 41,084 26,081 18,553 16,400 11,100

 Hardwoods 603,553 371,125 286,783 301,000 283,800 53,034 35,262 24,358 19,000 18,600 31,725 14,171 13,018 9,400 6,300

 Total 1,233,528 860,445 702,783 561,200 518,500 111,567 65,409 45,805 29,300 30,400 72,809 40,252 31,571 25,800 17,400

 South Central:

 Softwoods 405,829 351,451 216,201 138,800 98,700 34,270 29,491 19,769 19,000 12,132 17,169 11,919 6,983 3,200 3,000

 Hardwoods 596,714 460,976 359,267 469,400 355,200 28,680 18,285 14,497 20,100 12,227 50,648 30,302 18,081 12,200 8,359

 Total 1,002,543 812,427 575,468 608,200 453,900 62,950 47,776 34,266 39,100 24,359 67,817 42,221 25,064 15,400 11,359

South total:

 Softwoods 1,035,804 840,771 632,201 399,000 333,400 92,803 59,638 41,216 29,300 23,932 58,253 38,000 25,536 19,600 14,100

 Hardwoods 1,200,267 832,101 646,050 770,400 639,000 81,714 53,547 38,855 39,100 30,827 82,373 44,473 31,099 21,600 14,659

Total 2,236,071 1,672,872 1,278,251 1,169,400 972,400 174,517 113,185 80,071 68,400 54,759 140,626 82,473 56,635 41,200 28,759

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Softwoods 9,563 7,033 3,940 3,600 3,300 6,857 4,483 3,543 3,226 3,025 666 38 130 85 59

 Hardwoods 38,025 7,803 29,312 25,699 24,730 245 61 0 0 0 2,902 474 4,379 4,127 3,896

 Total 47,587 14,836 33,252 29,299 28,030 7,102 4,544 3,543 3,226 3,025 3,568 512 4,509 4,212 3,955

 Intermountain:

 Softwoods 889,962 487,864 454,779 598,400 565,300 708,911 365,637 270,479 418,400 388,200 55,212 51,122 66,643 65,887 66,354

 Hardwoods 103,244 42,628 39,160 38,900 34,600 70,177 22,143 17,860 19,500 17,200 4,036 4,082 6,709 6,107 5,443

 Total 993,206 530,492 493,939 637,300 599,900 779,088 387,780 288,339 437,900 405,400 59,249 55,204 73,352 71,994 71,797

Rocky Mountain total:

 Softwoods 899,525 494,897 458,719 602,000 568,600 715,768 370,120 274,022 421,626 391,225 55,878 51,160 66,773 65,972 66,413

 Hardwoods 141,268 50,431 68,472 64,599 59,330 70,422 22,204 17,860 19,500 17,200 6,939 4,556 11,088 10,234 9,339

Total 1,040,793 545,328 527,191 666,599 627,930 786,190 392,324 291,882 441,126 408,425 62,817 55,716 77,861 76,206 75,752

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Softwoods 194,542 172,267 213,596 222,195 224,700 123,624 99,767 146,799 164,133 171,090 32,908 25,451 63,781 56,741 52,563

 Hardwoods 10,163 9,912 9,395 9,367 9,467 430 154 1,536 1,608 1,608 6,450 5,742 7,656 7,656 7,756

 Total 204,705 182,179 222,991 231,562 234,167 124,054 99,921 148,335 165,741 172,698 39,358 31,193 71,437 64,397 60,319

 Pacific Northwest:

 Softwoods 777,610 657,843 699,600 906,300 952,500 468,829 422,000 326,700 417,400 407,300 95,810 113,227 172,200 184,900 210,000

 Hardwoods 118,232 72,131 71,800 64,000 50,500 4,953 4,000 6,600 7,000 6,100 23,946 12,559 11,900 16,800 13,700

 Total 895,842 729,974 771,400 970,300 1,003,000 473,783 426,000 333,300 424,400 413,400 119,756 125,786 184,100 201,700 223,700

 Pacific Southwest:

 Softwoods 263,106 247,804 137,700 346,100 366,800 151,846 171,205 80,800 198,100 199,500 6,002 6,395 5,100 12,800 16,500

 Hardwoods 51,763 24,316 6,792 10,200 10,100 2,174 5,217 2,300 7,000 7,400 3,381 2,399 870 300 300

 Total 314,869 272,120 144,492 356,300 376,900 154,020 176,422 83,100 205,100 206,900 9,383 8,794 5,970 13,100 16,800

All owners National forest Other publica

Thousand cubic feet
141

Table 33—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and

species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

Pacific Coast total:

 Softwoods 1,235,258 1,077,914 1,050,896 1,474,595 1,544,000 744,299 692,972 554,299 779,633 777,890 134,721 145,073 241,081 254,441 279,063

 Hardwoods 180,158 106,359 87,987 83,567 70,067 7,558 9,371 10,436 15,608 15,108 33,777 20,700 20,426 24,756 21,756

Total 1,415,416 1,184,273 1,138,883 1,558,162 1,614,067 751,857 702,343 564,735 795,241 792,998 168,498 165,773 261,507 279,197 300,819

United States:

 Softwoods 3,626,102 2,781,648 2,466,137 2,768,744 2,661,634 1,593,393 1,147,959 893,015 1,259,035 1,212,831 325,794 290,407 380,881 381,254 386,131

 Hardwoods 2,693,950 1,863,960 1,626,733 1,565,561 1,242,981 241,870 144,674 114,089 116,211 91,362 317,278 208,586 198,989 150,991 106,473

Total 6,320,052 4,645,608 4,092,870 4,334,305 3,904,615 1,835,262 1,292,633 1,007,104 1,375,246 1,304,193 643,072 498,993 579,870 532,245 492,604

All owners National forest Other publica

Thousand cubic feet
142

Table 33—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and

species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North:

 Northeast:

 Softwoods 101,024 95,216 65,375 45,251 37,876 148,245 141,656 113,862 122,642 102,443

 Hardwoods 54,258 45,889 43,585 33,263 29,138 360,554 305,654 268,785 228,579 187,270

 Total 155,283 141,105 108,960 78,514 67,014 508,799 447,310 382,647 351,221 289,713

 North Central:

 Softwoods 17,149 13,254 22,180 17,507 8,308 71,632 36,537 51,935 38,032 20,668

 Hardwoods 26,164 23,373 43,938 28,920 15,279 454,916 301,744 284,602 219,829 153,951

 Total 43,313 36,627 66,118 46,427 23,587 526,548 338,281 336,537 257,861 174,619

North total:

 Softwoods 118,174 108,470 87,555 62,758 46,184 219,877 178,193 165,797 160,674 123,111

 Hardwoods 80,422 69,262 87,523 62,183 44,417 815,470 607,398 553,387 448,408 341,221

Total 198,596 177,732 175,078 124,941 90,601 1,035,347 785,591 719,184 609,082 464,332

South:

 Southeast:

 Softwoods 87,772 71,127 64,000 50,200 44,200 442,587 361,965 312,000 183,300 167,600

 Hardwoods 72,996 57,090 40,125 42,000 43,800 445,798 264,602 209,282 230,600 215,100

 Total 160,767 128,217 104,125 92,200 88,000 888,385 626,567 521,282 413,900 382,700

 South Central:

 Softwoods 97,501 85,998 64,935 52,200 38,748 256,889 224,043 124,514 64,400 44,820

 Hardwoods 92,647 71,521 61,844 82,100 50,775 424,739 340,868 264,845 355,000 283,839

 Total 190,148 157,519 126,779 134,300 89,523 681,628 564,911 389,359 419,400 328,659

South total:

 Softwoods 185,273 157,125 128,935 102,400 82,948 699,476 586,008 436,514 247,700 212,420

 Hardwoods 165,642 128,611 101,969 124,100 94,575 870,538 605,470 474,127 585,600 498,939

Total 350,915 285,736 230,904 226,500 177,523 1,570,013 1,191,478 910,641 833,300 711,359

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Softwoods 0 0 24 14 9 2,040 2,512 243 275 207

 Hardwoods 0 0 0 0 0 34,877 7,268 24,933 21,572 20,834

 Total 0 0 24 14 9 36,917 9,780 25,176 21,847 21,041

 Intermountain:

 Softwoods 41,152 27,696 22,407 22,949 22,197 84,687 43,409 95,250 91,164 88,549

 Hardwoods 223 0 359 464 441 28,807 16,403 14,232 12,829 11,516

 Total 41,375 27,696 22,766 23,413 22,638 113,494 59,812 109,482 103,993 100,065

Rocky Mountain total:

 Softwoods 41,152 27,696 22,431 22,963 22,206 86,727 45,921 95,493 91,439 88,756

 Hardwoods 223 0 359 464 441 63,685 23,671 39,165 34,401 32,350

Total 41,375 27,696 22,790 23,427 22,647 150,412 69,592 134,658 125,840 121,106

 

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Softwoods 0 0 0 0 0 38,010 47,049 3,016 1,321 1,047

 Hardwoods 0 0 0 0 0 3,283 4,016 203 103 103

 Total 0 0 0 0 0 41,293 51,065 3,219 1,424 1,150

 Pacific Northwest:

 Softwoods 111,361 74,475 134,300 222,400 255,200 101,609 48,141 66,400 81,600 80,000

 Hardwoods 38,955 23,938 25,600 17,900 12,800 50,378 31,634 27,700 22,300 17,900

 Total 150,316 98,413 159,900 240,300 268,000 151,987 79,775 94,100 103,900 97,900

 Pacific Southwest:

 Softwoods 52,939 29,539 20,600 48,000 53,500 52,319 40,665 31,200 87,200 97,300

 Hardwoods 13,976 5,280 1,700 1,500 1,100 32,232 11,420 1,922 1,400 1,300

 Total 66,915 34,819 22,300 49,500 54,600 84,550 52,085 33,122 88,600 98,600

Nonindustrial privatea

Thousand cubic feet

Forest Industry
143

Table 33—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and

species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

Pacific Coast total:

 Softwoods 164,300 104,014 154,900 270,400 308,700 191,938 135,855 100,616 170,121 178,347

 Hardwoods 52,931 29,218 27,300 19,400 13,900 85,892 47,070 29,825 23,803 19,303

Total 217,231 133,232 182,200 289,800 322,600 277,830 182,925 130,441 193,924 197,650

United States:

 Softwoods 508,898 397,305 393,821 458,521 460,038 1,198,017 945,977 798,420 669,934 602,638

 Hardwoods 299,218 227,091 217,151 206,147 153,333 1,835,585 1,283,609 1,096,504 1,092,212 891,813

Total 808,116 624,396 610,972 664,668 613,371 3,033,602 2,229,586 1,894,924 1,762,146 1,494,447

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Nonindustrial privatea

Thousand cubic feet

Forest Industry
144

Table 34—Net annual growth of growing stock on timberland in the United States 

 'by ownership group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986,

 1976, 1962, and 1952

Region, 

subregion, and

species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North: Thousand cubic feet

 Northeast:

 Softwoods 646,083 701,741 1,067,271 821,900 652,600

 Hardwoods 2,223,289 2,246,366 2,072,571 1,721,900 1,358,000

 Total 2,869,371 2,948,107 3,139,842 2,543,800 2,010,600

 North Central:

 Softwoods 523,127 586,546 490,986 389,027 320,702

 Hardwoods 2,027,493 1,977,350 1,718,072 1,490,378 1,385,188

 Total 2,550,620 2,563,896 2,209,058 1,879,405 1,705,890

North total:

 Softwoods 1,169,210 1,288,287 1,558,257 1,210,927 973,302

 Hardwoods 4,250,781 4,223,716 3,790,643 3,212,778 2,743,188

Total 5,419,991 5,512,003 5,348,900 4,423,205 3,716,490

South:

 Southeast:

 Softwoods 2,778,801 2,622,053 3,104,000 2,151,467 1,874,017

 Hardwoods 1,951,849 2,104,004 2,186,000 1,468,069 1,291,618

 Total 4,730,651 4,726,057 5,290,000 3,619,536 3,165,635

 South Central:

 Softwoods 3,110,078 2,876,764 3,210,598 2,547,300 1,767,400

 Hardwoods 2,871,358 2,382,778 2,822,683 1,926,200 1,749,700

 Total 5,981,436 5,259,542 6,033,281 4,473,500 3,517,100

South total:

 Softwoods 5,888,879 5,498,817 6,314,598 4,698,767 3,641,417

 Hardwoods 4,823,208 4,486,782 5,008,683 3,394,269 3,041,318

Total 10,712,087 9,985,599 11,323,281 8,093,036 6,682,735

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Softwoods 50,448 47,412 43,521 30,419 22,220

 Hardwoods 44,808 38,438 39,818 33,946 30,500

 Total 95,256 85,850 83,339 64,365 52,720

 Intermountain:

 Softwoods 1,912,245 1,909,449 1,550,496 1,226,400 1,077,700

 Hardwoods 426,175 131,347 99,098 65,900 56,800

 Total 2,338,421 2,040,796 1,649,594 1,292,300 1,134,500

Rocky Mountain total:

 Softwoods 1,962,694 1,956,861 1,594,017 1,256,819 1,099,920

 Hardwoods 470,983 169,785 138,916 99,846 87,300

Total 2,433,676 2,126,646 1,732,933 1,356,665 1,187,220

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Softwoods 136,888 102,686 162,499 124,900 103,600

 Hardwoods 85,888 93,664 6,824 6,725 6,725

 Total 222,776 196,350 169,323 131,625 110,325

 Pacific Northwest:

 Softwoods 3,080,632 3,270,724 2,158,700 1,818,600 1,472,500

 Hardwoods 391,648 498,155 400,800 302,300 221,500

 Total 3,472,280 3,768,879 2,559,500 2,120,900 1,694,000

 Pacific Southwest:

 Softwoods 1,155,171 889,365 713,200 499,600 444,000

 Hardwoods 133,172 156,834 79,137 80,000 75,000

 Total 1,288,343 1,046,199 792,337 579,600 519,000

Pacific Coast total:

 Softwoods 4,372,692 4,262,775 3,034,399 2,443,100 2,020,100

 Hardwoods 610,708 748,653 486,761 389,025 303,225

Total 4,983,400 5,011,428 3,521,160 2,832,125 2,323,325

United States:

 Softwoods 13,393,474 13,006,740 12,501,271 9,609,613 7,734,739

 Hardwoods 10,155,680 9,628,936 9,425,003 7,095,418 6,175,031

Total 23,549,154 22,635,676 21,926,274 16,705,031 13,909,770

All owners
145

Table 34—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and

species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North: Thousand cubic feet

 Northeast:

 Softwoods 13,839 19,019 18,359 15,394 13,282 60,666 53,518 48,791 31,676 27,166 

 Hardwoods 68,469 131,021 116,999 88,006 69,443 194,964 265,069 237,900 181,916 142,264 

 Total 82,308 150,040 135,358 103,400 82,725 255,631 318,587 286,691 213,592 169,430 

 North Central:

 Softwoods 94,231 117,617 97,660 73,431 57,215 140,565 168,327 142,017 120,065 92,256 

 Hardwoods 138,894 154,278 158,742 140,821 112,026 302,427 340,975 304,325 269,546 213,120 

 Total 233,124 271,895 256,402 214,252 169,241 442,991 509,302 446,342 389,611 305,376 

North total:

 Softwoods 108,070 136,636 116,019 88,825 70,497 201,231 221,845 190,808 151,741 119,422 

 Hardwoods 207,362 285,299 275,741 228,827 181,469 497,391 606,044 542,225 451,462 355,384 

Total 315,433 421,935 391,760 317,652 251,966 698,622 827,889 733,033 603,203 474,806 

South:

 Southeast:

 Softwoods 57,179 93,774 137,000 89,697 80,313 144,516 147,893 149,000 84,254 70,017 

 Hardwoods 104,629 139,288 141,000 86,444 73,208 97,390 85,918 71,000 32,372 27,169 

 Total 161,808 233,062 278,000 176,141 153,521 241,906 233,811 220,000 116,626 97,186 

 South Central:

 Softwoods 192,018 230,844 245,340 336,300 211,300 65,607 54,534 71,156 57,700 56,388 

 Hardwoods 144,271 134,532 144,064 111,300 67,265 131,442 100,875 108,706 70,600 55,182 

 Total 336,289 365,376 389,404 447,600 278,565 197,049 155,409 179,862 128,300 111,570 

South total:

 Softwoods 249,197 324,618 382,340 425,997 291,613 210,122 202,427 220,156 141,954 126,405 

 Hardwoods 248,901 273,820 285,064 197,744 140,473 228,833 186,793 179,706 102,972 82,351 

Total 498,097 598,438 667,404 623,741 432,086 438,955 389,220 399,862 244,926 208,756 

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Softwoods 41,741 32,989 31,087 20,993 14,700 835 3,105 2,977 2,006 1,469 

 Hardwoods 375 554 676 200 100 3,300 3,266 3,552 2,950 2,615 

 Total 42,117 33,543 31,763 21,193 14,800 4,135 6,371 6,529 4,956 4,084 

 Intermountain:

 Softwoods 1,231,826 1,263,727 1,013,396 754,900 673,400 167,534 216,692 158,464 138,559 117,646 

 Hardwoods 142,370 56,642 65,498 36,400 31,300 60,282 24,216 6,945 6,182 5,462 

 Total 1,374,195 1,320,369 1,078,894 791,300 704,700 227,816 240,908 165,409 144,741 123,108 

Rocky Mountain total:

 Softwoods 1,273,567 1,296,716 1,044,483 775,893 688,100 168,369 219,797 161,441 140,565 119,115 

 Hardwoods 142,745 57,196 66,174 36,600 31,400 63,582 27,482 10,497 9,132 8,077 

Total 1,416,312 1,353,912 1,110,657 812,493 719,500 231,951 247,279 171,938 149,697 127,192 

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Softwoods 85,386 15,378 22,627 15,836 10,367 40,496 66,723 136,877 107,494 92,588 

 Hardwoods 4,060 768 15 16 16 61,201 55,309 6,609 6,609 6,609 

 Total 89,446 16,146 22,642 15,852 10,383 101,696 122,032 143,486 114,103 99,197 

 Pacific Northwest:

 Softwoods 1,097,597 1,076,000 538,800 506,900 440,900 557,893 634,145 467,000 403,700 258,900 

 Hardwoods 66,961 67,000 14,700 14,800 13,600 81,629 87,510 93,000 57,700 33,500 

 Total 1,164,558 1,143,000 553,500 521,700 454,500 639,522 721,655 560,000 461,400 292,400 

 Pacific Southwest:

 Softwoods 616,239 421,551 363,500 185,600 162,000 28,872 25,198 13,900 14,000 14,000 

 Hardwoods 4,123 0 16,100 30,000 29,000 5,248 15,865 7,735 5,000 6,000 

 Total 620,362 421,551 379,600 215,600 191,000 34,121 41,063 21,635 19,000 20,000 

Pacific Coast total:

 Softwoods 1,799,222 1,512,929 924,927 708,336 613,267 627,261 726,066 617,777 525,194 365,488 

 Hardwoods 75,144 67,768 30,815 44,816 42,616 148,078 158,684 107,344 69,309 46,109 

Total 1,874,366 1,580,697 955,742 753,152 655,883 775,339 884,750 725,121 594,503 411,597 

United States:

 Softwoods 3,430,056 3,270,899 2,467,769 1,999,051 1,663,477 1,206,983 1,370,135 1,190,182 959,454 730,430

 Hardwoods 674,152 684,083 657,794 507,987 395,958 937,884 979,003 839,772 632,875 491,921

Total 4,104,208 3,954,982 3,125,563 2,507,038 2,059,435 2,144,867 2,349,138 2,029,954 1,592,329 1,222,351

National forest Other publica
146

Table 34—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and

species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North:

 Northeast:

 Softwoods 64,526 188,430 377,359 236,099 178,928 507,051 440,774 622,762 538,731 433,224

 Hardwoods 195,939 230,023 226,164 155,996 128,574 1,763,917 1,620,253 1,491,508 1,295,982 1,017,719

 Total 260,465 418,453 603,523 392,095 307,502 2,270,967 2,061,027 2,114,270 1,834,713 1,450,943

 North Central:

 Softwoods 35,442 50,172 55,090 43,948 43,288 252,890 250,430 196,219 151,583 127,943

 Hardwoods 86,260 105,370 118,401 100,298 99,057 1,499,913 1,376,727 1,136,604 979,713 960,985

 Total 121,701 155,542 173,491 144,246 142,345 1,752,803 1,627,157 1,332,823 1,131,296 1,088,928

North total:

 Softwoods 99,968 238,602 432,449 280,047 222,216 759,941 691,204 818,981 690,314 561,167

 Hardwoods 282,199 335,393 344,565 256,294 227,631 3,263,829 2,996,980 2,628,112 2,275,695 1,978,704

Total 382,167 573,995 777,014 536,641 449,847 4,023,770 3,688,184 3,447,093 2,966,009 2,539,871

South:

 Southeast:

 Softwoods 889,665 724,829 688,000 410,752 374,583 1,687,442 1,655,557 2,130,000 1,566,764 1,349,104

 Hardwoods 191,390 245,858 259,000 173,905 170,797 1,558,440 1,632,940 1,715,000 1,175,348 1,020,444

 Total 1,081,055 970,687 947,000 584,657 545,380 3,245,882 3,288,497 3,845,000 2,742,112 2,369,548

 South Central:

 Softwoods 1,135,049 829,133 894,423 971,400 707,496 1,717,403 1,762,253 1,999,679 1,181,900 792,216

 Hardwoods 358,018 347,608 452,703 285,200 202,822 2,237,627 1,799,763 2,117,210 1,459,100 1,424,431

 Total 1,493,068 1,176,741 1,347,126 1,256,600 910,318 3,955,030 3,562,016 4,116,889 2,641,000 2,216,647

South total:

 Softwoods 2,024,714 1,553,962 1,582,423 1,382,152 1,082,079 3,404,846 3,417,810 4,129,679 2,748,664 2,141,320

 Hardwoods 549,408 593,466 711,703 459,105 373,619 3,796,067 3,432,703 3,832,210 2,634,448 2,444,875

Total 2,574,122 2,147,428 2,294,126 1,841,257 1,455,698 7,200,912 6,850,513 7,961,889 5,383,112 4,586,195

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Softwoods 0 340 608 296 233 7,872 10,978 8,849 7,124 5,818

 Hardwoods 0 0 62 10 5 41,133 34,618 35,528 30,786 27,780

 Total 0 340 670 306 238 49,005 45,596 44,377 37,910 33,598

 Intermountain:

 Softwoods 125,967 124,840 103,030 91,385 78,404 386,918 304,190 275,606 241,556 208,250

 Hardwoods 7,867 980 793 871 660 215,657 49,509 25,862 22,447 19,378

 Total 133,834 125,820 103,823 92,256 79,064 602,575 353,699 301,468 264,003 227,628

Rocky Mountain total:

 Softwoods 125,967 125,180 103,638 91,681 78,637 394,790 315,168 284,455 248,680 214,068

 Hardwoods 7,867 980 855 881 665 256,789 84,127 61,390 52,233 47,158

Total 133,834 126,160 104,493 92,562 79,302 651,580 399,295 345,845 301,913 261,226

 

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Softwoods 00000 11,007 20,585 2,995 1,570 645

 Hardwoods 00000 20,628 37,587 200 100 100

 Total 00000 31,635 58,172 3,195 1,670 745

 Pacific Northwest:

 Softwoods 883,870 1,029,287 691,200 464,100 399,000 541,274 531,292 461,700 443,900 373,700

 Hardwoods 100,919 154,079 145,200 98,400 75,300 142,138 189,566 147,900 131,400 99,100

 Total 984,788 1,183,366 836,400 562,500 474,300 683,412 720,858 609,600 575,300 472,800

 Pacific Southwest:

 Softwoods 247,112 204,912 138,500 108,000 90,000 262,948 237,704 197,300 192,000 178,000

 Hardwoods 45,497 45,596 19,100 15,000 11,000 78,305 95,373 36,202 30,000 29,000

 Total 292,608 250,508 157,600 123,000 101,000 341,253 333,077 233,502 222,000 207,000

Pacific Coast total:

 Softwoods 1,130,981 1,234,199 829,700 572,100 489,000 815,228 789,581 661,995 637,470 552,345

 Hardwoods 146,415 199,675 164,300 113,400 86,300 241,071 322,526 184,302 161,500 128,200

Total 1,277,396 1,433,874 994,000 685,500 575,300 1,056,299 1,112,107 846,297 798,970 680,545

United States:

 Softwoods 3,381,630 3,151,943 2,948,210 2,325,980 1,871,932 5,374,805 5,213,763 5,895,110 4,325,128 3,468,900

 Hardwoods 985,888 1,129,514 1,221,423 829,680 688,215 7,557,756 6,836,336 6,706,014 5,124,876 4,598,937

Total 4,367,519 4,281,457 4,169,633 3,155,660 2,560,147 12,932,561 12,050,099 12,601,124 9,450,004 8,067,837

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Nonindustrial privatea

Thousand cubic feet

Forest Industry
147

Table 35—Annual removals of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group region, subregion, 

 group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, and 1976 

NonNational Other Forest industrial

All owners forest public industry private

Region, subregion,

and species group 1996 1986 1976 1996 1996 1996 1996

North:

 Northeast:

 Softwoods 413,718 520,797 498,576 4,512 13,487 117,552 278,167

 Hardwoods 860,999 781,162 803,694 16,489 45,497 158,074 640,939

 Total 1,274,717 1,301,959 1,302,270 21,001 58,984 275,626 919,106

 North Central:

 Softwoods 254,630 204,719 193,534 24,247 70,806 32,466 127,111

 Hardwoods 1,243,071 1,201,539 999,059 64,052 231,476 104,947 842,596

 Total 1,497,701 1,406,258 1,192,593 88,299 302,282 137,413 969,707

North total:

 Softwoods 668,348 725,516 692,110 28,759 84,293 150,018 405,278

 Hardwoods 2,104,070 1,982,701 1,802,753 80,541 276,973 263,021 1,483,535

 Total 2,772,418 2,708,217 2,494,863 109,300 361,266 413,039 1,888,813

South:

 Southeast:

 Softwoods 2,947,436 2,411,562 2,028,804 47,301 114,037 961,359 1,824,739

 Hardwoods 1,511,833 1,260,821 1,002,521 51,142 38,627 284,561 1,137,503

 Total 4,459,269 3,672,383 3,031,325 98,443 152,664 1,245,920 2,962,242

 South Central:

 Softwoods 3,530,826 2,905,505 2,407,658 139,396 60,743 1,259,240 2,071,447

 Hardwoods 2,194,685 1,625,779 1,239,717 55,512 52,710 454,322 1,632,141

 Total 5,725,511 4,531,284 3,647,375 194,908 113,453 1,713,562 3,703,588

South total:

 Softwoods 6,478,262 5,317,067 4,436,462 186,697 174,780 2,220,599 3,896,186

 Hardwoods 3,706,518 2,886,600 2,242,238 106,654 91,337 738,883 2,769,644

 Total 10,184,780 8,203,667 6,678,700 293,351 266,117 2,959,482 6,665,830

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Softwoods 20,181 25,797 21,322 12,247 724 -- 7,210

 Hardwoods 15,113 16,260 20,600 17 424 -- 14,672

 Total 35,294 42,057 41,922 12,264 1,148 -- 21,882

 Intermountain:

 Softwoods 480,943 817,031 821,687 118,136 48,086 154,395 160,326

 Hardwoods 15,757 11,635 3,054 6,299 2,007 3,398 4,053

 Total 496,700 828,666 824,741 124,435 50,093 157,793 164,379

Rocky Mountain total:

 Softwoods 501,124 842,828 843,009 130,383 48,810 154,395 167,536

 Hardwoods 30,870 27,895 23,654 6,316 2,431 3,398 18,725

 Total 531,994 870,723 866,663 136,699 51,241 157,793 186,261

Thousand cubic feet
148

Table 35—(continued).

NonNational Other Forest industrial

All owners forest public industry private

Region, subregion,

and species group 1996 1986 1976 1996 1996 1996 1996

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Softwoods 177,298 117,881 107,437 50,511 3,402 -- 123,385

 Hardwoods 5,229 5,211 3,164 401 1,480 -- 3,348

 Total 182,527 123,092 110,601 50,912 4,882 -- 126,733

 Pacific Northwest:

 Softwoods 1,621,480 3,121,025 3,101,707 137,483 226,575 800,856 456,566

 Hardwoods 99,492 98,375 106,286 1,311 12,686 39,693 45,802

 Total 1,720,969 3,219,400 3,207,993 138,793 239,260 840,548 502,368

 Pacific Southwest:

 Softwoods 618,021 818,897 818,402 95,633 22,925 356,938 142,525

 Hardwoods 10,036 11,579 16,805 3,508 100 5,020 1,408

 Total 628,056 830,476 835,207 99,141 23,025 361,958 143,932

Pacific Coast total:

 Softwoods 2,416,799 4,057,803 4,027,546 283,627 252,902 1,157,794 722,476

 Hardwoods 114,757 115,165 126,255 5,220 14,266 44,713 50,558

 Total 2,531,552 4,172,968 4,153,801 288,846 267,167 1,202,506 773,033

United States:

 Softwoods 10,064,531 10,943,214 9,999,127 629,466 560,784 3,682,805 5,191,476

 Hardwoods 5,956,213 5,012,361 4,194,900 198,731 385,006 1,050,014 4,322,462

 Total 16,020,744 15,955,575 14,194,027 828,197 945,790 4,732,819 9,513,938

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Thousand cubic feet
Table 36—Net annual growth, removals, and mortality of growing stock on timberland in the United States by species group, region, 

 subregion, and State, 1996

All species Softwoods Hardwoods

Region,

subregion, Net Net Net

and State growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality

Thousand cubic feet

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 46,136 11,691 17,588 5,324 3,013 512 40,811 8,678 17,077

 Delaware 12,225 7,654 4,088 2,633 3,966 1,544 9,592 3,688 2,544

 Maine 402,249 441,730 223,295 181,572 234,039 164,637 220,676 207,691 58,658

 Maryland 138,882 40,507 29,875 24,541 12,891 8,032 114,341 27,617 21,843

 Massachusetts 97,580 15,703 19,352 31,765 7,987 7,757 65,815 7,715 11,596

 New Hampshire 176,051 139,923 49,397 79,411 44,867 22,784 96,640 95,056 26,612

 New Jersey 61,062 10,549 12,136 11,253 753 1,482 49,809 9,795 10,654

 New York 589,832 141,068 109,278 145,116 42,646 23,265 444,716 98,421 86,013

 Pennsylvania 630,512 219,541 177,157 69,745 18,735 11,019 560,768 200,805 166,138

 Rhode Island 9,476 1,742 1,849 2,402 588 132 7,074 1,154 1,716

 Vermont 195,110 77,296 48,661 70,927 37,958 15,653 124,182 39,338 33,008

 West Virginia 510,256 167,313 95,073 21,393 6,272 16,791 488,863 161,041 78,282

 Total 2,869,371 1,274,717 787,750 646,083 413,715 273,609 2,223,289 860,999 514,142

 North Central:

 Illinois 137,441 77,167 40,005 3,823 741 818 133,619 76,426 39,187

 Indiana 223,666 95,839 60,540 8,720 3,061 2,689 214,946 92,779 57,852

 Iowa 41,155 25,503 15,864 840 105 59 40,314 25,398 15,806

 Michigan 756,404 352,729 198,212 227,248 78,377 62,049 529,156 274,351 136,164

 Minnesota 370,112 324,388 215,903 114,062 74,721 66,055 256,050 249,667 149,847

 Missouri 239,389 161,069 65,605 27,569 12,695 3,052 211,819 148,374 62,553

 Ohio 293,497 101,216 56,165 10,904 2,848 4,399 282,593 98,368 51,766

 Wisconsin 488,957 359,789 187,728 129,961 82,081 42,787 358,996 277,708 144,941

 Total 2,550,620 1,497,700 840,022 523,127 254,629 181,907 2,027,493 1,243,071 658,116

North total: 5,419,991 2,772,417 1,627,773 1,169,210 668,344 455,516 4,250,781 2,104,070 1,172,257

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 684,839 586,211 100,041 526,274 499,369 49,962 158,565 86,841 50,080

 Georgia 1,518,637 1,506,459 291,315 1,006,797 1,062,360 157,204 511,840 444,100 134,111

 North Carolina 1,159,584 1,024,150 263,942 589,829 605,421 116,369 569,755 418,730 147,573

 South Carolina 519,189 753,442 402,480 338,730 525,432 251,464 180,459 228,010 151,016

 Virginia 848,401 589,007 175,750 317,170 254,855 54,977 531,231 334,151 120,773

 Total 4,730,651 4,459,269 1,233,528 2,778,801 2,947,437 629,975 1,951,849 1,511,832 603,553

 South Central:

 Alabama 1,223,677 1,441,144 198,045 657,630 985,347 106,203 566,047 455,798 91,842

 Arkansas 896,274 747,179 140,764 546,133 436,826 44,997 350,141 310,354 95,767

 Kentucky 384,129 249,303 88,592 25,114 15,641 12,851 359,015 233,662 75,741

 Louisiana 834,007 791,336 157,640 526,081 562,933 77,642 307,926 228,403 79,997

 Mississippi 1,104,610 1,157,367 163,272 639,086 729,714 74,777 465,523 427,653 88,495

 Oklahoma 238,905 124,450 14,529 114,553 86,467 2,991 124,352 37,983 11,537

 Tennessee 594,627 368,035 146,378 97,689 78,274 32,780 496,938 289,761 113,598

 Texas 705,207 846,696 93,323 503,792 635,624 53,588 201,415 211,072 39,735

 Total 5,981,436 5,725,510 1,002,543 3,110,078 3,530,826 405,829 2,871,358 2,194,686 596,714

South total: 10,712,087 10,184,779 2,236,071 5,888,879 6,478,263 1,035,804 4,823,208 3,706,518 1,200,267

149
150

Table 36—(continued).

All species Softwoods Hardwoods

Region,

subregion, Net Net Net

and State growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality

Thousand cubic feet

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 25,857 6,397 19,423 1,028 64 57 24,829 6,333 19,366

 Nebraska 14,082 11,086 12,957 4,042 4,495 1,484 10,040 6,590 11,473

 North Dakota 6,664 1,395 4,471 112 5 0 6,552 1,390 4,471

 South Dakota 48,653 16,417 10,735 45,266 15,617 8,021 3,387 800 2,714

 Total 95,256 35,295 47,587 50,448 20,181 9,563 44,808 15,113 38,025

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 168,535 15,442 26,783 106,917 15,437 23,467 61,618 6 3,317

 Colorado 342,891 20,598 177,861 194,231 12,828 129,922 148,660 7,770 47,939

 Idaho 806,378 252,435 288,225 793,597 247,041 274,016 12,782 5,393 14,209

 Montana 643,948 171,301 277,125 560,727 170,735 272,818 83,222 566 4,306

 Nevada 60,462 1,342 2,477 4,243 1,342 2,111 56,219 -- 366

 New Mexico 125,835 13,097 53,411 113,820 11,935 41,672 12,015 1,163 11,738

 Utah 77,182 8,311 103,522 46,470 7,452 86,271 30,711 859 17,252

 Wyoming 113,189 14,174 63,801 92,240 14,174 59,685 20,949 -- 4,116

 Total 2,338,421 496,700 993,206 1,912,245 480,944 889,962 426,175 15,757 103,244

Rocky Mountain total: 2,433,676 531,995 1,040,793 1,962,694 501,125 899,525 470,983 30,870 141,268

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 222,776 182,527 204,705 136,888 177,299 194,542 85,888 5,228 10,163

 Total 222,776 182,527 204,705 136,888 177,299 194,542 85,888 5,228 10,163

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 1,738,705 855,969 465,848 1,546,190 824,253 423,469 192,515 31,715 42,379

 Washington 1,733,575 865,001 429,994 1,534,443 797,226 354,141 199,132 67,776 75,853

 Total 3,472,280 1,720,970 895,842 3,080,632 1,621,479 777,610 391,648 99,491 118,232

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 1,287,355 628,057 313,781 1,155,171 618,020 263,106 132,184 10,036 50,675

 Hawaii 988 0 1,088 0 0 0 988 0 1,088

 Total 1,288,343 628,057 314,869 1,155,171 618,020 263,106 133,172 10,036 51,763

Pacific Coast total: 4,983,400 2,531,554 1,415,416 4,372,692 2,416,798 1,235,258 610,708 114,755 180,158

United States: 23,549,154 16,020,745 6,320,052 13,393,474 10,064,530 3,626,102 10,155,680 5,956,213 2,693,950

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.
Table 37—Net all-live biomass on timberland in the Eastern and Western United States by 

 rural-urban continuum class and forest type group, 1997

Major Intermediate- Large Small

Forest type group Total metro small metro town town Rural

East:

 White-red-jack pine 561 104 124 21 227 84

 Spruce-fir 555 8 61 94 324 67

 Longleaf-slash pine 360 75 38 13 160 74

 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 1,922 333 213 77 903 397

 Oak-pine 1,287 253 148 44 574 268

 Oak-hickory 5,953 1,220 748 142 2,432 1,411

 Oak-gum-cypress 1,600 311 192 53 768 275

 Elm-ash-cottonwood 491 130 70 18 204 70

 Maple-beech-birch 2,632 370 377 199 1,266 420

 Aspen-birch 532 13 71 34 276 138

 Nonstocked 2 0 0010

East total: 15,895 2,817 2,044 695 7,135 3,205

West:

 Douglas-fir 1,966 387 433 184 612 349

 Ponderosa pine 778 81 106 109 309 173

 Western white pine 7 1 1051

 Fir-spruce 1,213 98 116 84 427 487

 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 937 101 136 48 202 450

 Larch 54 0 1 7 31 15

 Lodgepole pine 432 4 12 49 170 197

 Redwood 79 20 29 27 3 0

 Other hardwoods 874 121 178 91 207 278

 Unclass./other forest types 58 1 6 4 22 25

 Pinyon-juniper 7 0 0421

 Nonstocked 4 1 0011

West total: 6,409 814 1,018 609 1,991 1,977

United States: 22,304 3,630 3,062 1,303 9,126 5,182

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Predominant county population continuum class

Million dry tons

151
152

Table 38—Biomass on timberland in the United States by region, subregion, State, and

 tree component, 1997

Region, All All Sound

subregion, and State biomass live Boles Tops Saplings dead

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 82 81 51 18 12 1

 Delaware 20 20 13 5 2 0

 Maine 802 798 474 183 141 4

 Maryland 151 151 102 35 13 1

 Massachusetts 130 129 82 30 18 1

 New Hampshire 304 303 199 73 31 1

 New Jersey 80 80 48 18 14 1

 New York 754 752 499 162 91 2

 Pennsylvania 873 870 614 182 74 3

 Rhode Island 13 13 8320

 Vermont 292 290 193 71 27 2

 West Virginia 744 742 489 170 84 1

 Total 4,246 4,229 2,771 949 508 17 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 161 160 112 32 16 1

 Indiana 208 208 151 43 14 0

 Iowa 75 74 52 15 7 1

 Michigan 790 787 530 155 102 3

 Minnesota 460 457 298 84 75 3

 Missouri 475 474 310 99 65 1

 Ohio 472 471 325 101 44 1

 Wisconsin 562 555 383 112 59 7

 Total 3,202 3,185 2,160 642 384 17

North total: 7,448 7,414 4,931 1,591 892 34

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 435 435 327 45 63 0

 Georgia 886 886 674 91 121 0

 North Carolina 891 890 695 93 103 1

 South Carolina 452 451 348 45 59 0

 Virginia 784 783 607 89 87 1

 Total 3,448 3,446 2,651 363 432 2

 South Central:

 Alabama 843 842 554 155 134 1

 Arkansas 831 829 559 167 102 3

 Kentucky 618 616 442 112 62 2

 Louisiana 648 648 455 129 64 0

 Mississippi 775 773 519 155 99 1

 Oklahoma 197 197 120 40 37 0

 Tennessee 670 668 451 139 79 2

 Texas 463 462 318 88 56 1

 Total 5,044 5,035 3,417 985 633 9

South total: 8,492 8,481 6,068 1,348 1,065 11

Live trees

Million dry tons
Table 38—(continued).

Region, All All Sound

subregion, and State biomass live Boles Tops Saplings dead

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 51 50 36 10 4 1

 Nebraska 29 29 22 5 2 0

 North Dakota 14 13 9310

 South Dakota 31 31 24 4 2 1

 Total 126 124 92 23 9 2

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 118 117 78 31 7 2

 Colorado 344 319 231 66 22 26

 Idaho 792 766 578 144 44 26

 Montana 618 581 396 132 53 37

 Nevada 17 16 12 4 0 1

 New Mexico 122 119 81 28 10 3

 Utah 171 157 109 35 13 14

 Wyoming 141 130 92 32 7 11

 Total 2,324 2,204 1,576 471 156 120

Rocky Mountain total: 2,450 2,328 1,668 494 165 123

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 665 647 473 101 73 18

 Total 665 647 473 101 73 18

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 1,410 1,365 1,145 197 23 45

 Washington 1,098 1,074 877 166 31 24

 Total 2,508 2,439 2,023 363 54 69

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 993 989 798 133 58 3

 Hawaii 554100

 Total 998 995 802 134 59 3

Pacific Coast total: 4,171 4,081 3,297 598 186 90

 United States: 22,561 22,304 15,965 4,031 2,308 258

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Live trees

Million dry tons

153
154

Table 39—Volume of roundwood products harvested in the United States by source of material, species group, region, subregion, 

 and product, 1996

Source of material

Region,

subregion, 

and product Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

North:

 Northeast:

Saw logs 714,094 259,284 454,810 609,540 207,575 401,965 104,554 51,709 52,845

Veneer logs 32,687 2,571 30,116 28,697 2,058 26,639 3,990 513 3,477

Pulpwood 523,882 214,364 309,518 420,904 167,584 253,320 102,978 46,780 56,198

Composite products 2,118 179 1,939 1,727 140 1,587 391 39 352

Fuelwood 466,915 53,265 413,650 62,623 4,983 57,640 404,292 48,282 356,010

Posts, poles, and pilings 8,141 1,919 6,222 6,740 1,274 5,466 1,401 645 756

Miscellaneous products 24,533 13,165 11,368 18,727 8,740 9,987 5,806 4,425 1,381

Total 1,772,370 544,747 1,227,623 1,148,958 392,354 756,604 623,412 152,393 471,019

 North Central:

Saw logs 565,593 77,258 488,335 515,795 74,592 441,203 49,798 2,666 47,132

Veneer logs 27,442 504 26,938 24,919 455 24,464 2,523 49 2,474

Pulpwood 539,761 154,679 385,082 454,626 137,386 317,240 85,135 17,293 67,842

Composite products 199,404 11,516 187,888 183,186 9,101 174,085 16,218 2,415 13,803

Fuelwood 375,199 15,734 359,465 67,376 5,513 61,863 307,823 10,221 297,602

Posts, poles, and pilings 9,026 7,447 1,579 6,841 6,080 761 2,185 1,367 818

Miscellaneous products 20,142 3,989 16,153 17,217 3,898 13,320 2,924 91 2,833

Total 1,736,567 271,127 1,465,440 1,269,960 237,025 1,032,936 466,606 34,102 432,504

North total:

Saw logs 1,279,687 336,542 943,145 1,125,335 282,167 843,168 154,352 54,375 99,977

Veneer logs 60,129 3,075 57,054 53,616 2,513 51,103 6,513 562 5,951

Pulpwood 1,063,643 369,043 694,600 875,530 304,970 570,560 188,113 64,073 124,040

Composite products 201,522 11,695 189,827 184,913 9,241 175,672 16,609 2,454 14,155

Fuelwood 842,114 68,999 773,115 129,999 10,496 119,503 712,115 58,503 653,612

Posts, poles, and pilings 17,167 9,366 7,801 13,581 7,354 6,227 3,586 2,012 1,574

Miscellaneous products 44,675 17,154 27,521 35,944 12,638 23,307 8,730 4,516 4,214

Total 3,508,937 815,874 2,693,063 2,418,918 629,379 1,789,540 1,090,018 186,495 903,523

South:

 Southeast:

Saw logs 1,563,494 1,237,480 326,014 1,515,112 1,207,371 307,741 48,382 30,109 18,273

Veneer logs 238,126 186,231 51,895 233,508 182,100 51,408 4,618 4,131 487

Pulpwood 1,791,030 1,222,614 568,416 1,602,293 1,092,627 509,666 188,737 129,987 58,750

Composite products 106,917 69,160 37,757 94,255 60,688 33,567 12,662 8,472 4,190

Fuelwood 438,921 53,308 385,613 242,396 29,017 213,378 196,525 24,291 172,235

Posts, poles, and pilings 27,610 27,541 69 25,181 25,123 58 2,429 2,418 11

Miscellaneous products 21,807 18,643 3,164 17,503 14,626 2,877 4,304 4,017 287

 Total 4,187,905 2,814,977 1,372,928 3,730,248 2,611,552 1,118,695 457,657 203,425 254,233

 South Central:

Saw logs 2,117,188 1,484,302 632,886 2,019,350 1,446,019 573,331 97,838 38,283 59,555

Veneer logs 586,877 549,943 36,934 570,544 534,509 36,035 16,333 15,434 899

Pulpwood 2,102,951 1,176,538 926,413 1,897,083 1,082,767 814,317 205,868 93,771 112,096

Composite products 45,880 30,818 15,062 39,769 26,672 13,097 6,111 4,146 1,965

Fuelwood 509,061 55,736 453,325 264,963 33,824 231,139 244,098 21,912 222,186

Posts, poles, and pilings 40,713 40,686 27 35,911 35,894 16 4,802 4,792 11

Miscellaneous products 2,208 1,838 370 1,717 1,470 246 491 368 124

 Total 5,404,878 3,339,861 2,065,017 4,829,337 3,161,155 1,668,181 575,541 178,706 396,836

All sources Growing stock Other sources
155

Table 39—(continued).

Source of material

Region,

subregion, 

and product Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

South total:

Saw logs 3,680,682 2,721,782 958,900 3,534,462 2,653,390 881,072 146,220 68,392 77,828

Veneer logs 825,003 736,174 88,829 804,052 716,609 87,443 20,951 19,565 1,386

Pulpwood 3,893,981 2,399,152 1,494,829 3,499,376 2,175,394 1,323,983 394,605 223,758 170,846

Composite products 152,797 99,978 52,819 134,024 87,360 46,664 18,773 12,618 6,155

Fuelwood 947,982 109,044 838,938 507,359 62,841 444,517 440,623 46,203 394,421

Posts, poles, and pilings 68,323 68,227 96 61,092 61,017 74 7,231 7,210 22

Miscellaneous products 24,015 20,481 3,534 19,220 16,096 3,123 4,795 4,385 411

Total 9,592,783 6,154,838 3,437,945 8,559,585 5,772,707 2,786,876 1,033,198 382,131 651,069

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

Saw logs 24,095 16,673 7,422 23,479 16,533 6,946 616 140 476

Veneer logs 102 0 102 100 0 100 2 0 2

Pulpwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Composite products 985 810 175 815 670 145 170 140 30

Fuelwood 42,310 1550 40760 1,287 73 1,214 41,023 1,477 39,546

Posts, poles, and pilings 667 145 522 16 16 0 651 129 522

Miscellaneous products 203 122 81 202 122 80 0 0 0

Total 68,362 19,300 49,062 25,899 17,414 8,485 42,462 1,886 40,576

 Intermountain:

Saw logs 365,770 364,425 1,346 338,055 336,831 1,224 27,715 27,593 122

Veneer logs 63,461 63,461 0 63,063 63,063 0 398 398 0

Pulpwood 26,177 26,177 0 18,715 18,715 0 7,462 7,462 0

Composite products 4,608 0 4,608 4,567 0 4,567 41 0 41

Fuelwood 130,189 97,179 33,009 6,049 2,821 3,228 124,139 94,358 29,781

Posts, poles, and pilings 13,006 12,964 41 11,234 11,195 40 1,771 1,770 1

Miscellaneous products 16,117 10,327 5,790 10,432 4,669 5,763 5,684 5,658 26

 Total 619,328 574,533 44,794 452,115 437,294 14,822 167,210 137,239 29,971

Rocky Mountain total:

Saw logs 389,865 381,098 8,768 361,534 353,364 8,170 28,331 27,733 598

Veneer logs 63,563 63,461 102 63,163 63,063 100 400 398 2

Pulpwood 26,177 26,177 0 18,715 18,715 0 7,462 7,462 0

Composite products 5,593 810 4,783 5,382 670 4,712 211 140 71

Fuelwood 172,499 98,729 73,769 7,336 2,894 4,442 165,162 95,835 69,327

Posts, poles, and pilings 13,673 13,109 563 11,250 11,211 40 2,422 1,899 523

Miscellaneous products 16,320 10,449 5,871 10,634 4,791 5,843 5,684 5,658 26

Total 687,690 593,833 93,856 478,014 454,708 23,307 209,672 139,125 70,547

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

Saw logs 34,543 34,360 182 33,802 33,623 179 741 737 4

Veneer logs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pulpwood 19,256 19,183 73 17,278 17,213 65 1,978 1,970 7

Composite products 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fuelwood 12,782 7,078 5,704 10,173 5,832 4,341 2,609 1,245 1,364

Posts, poles, and pilings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Miscellaneous products 79,478 79,475 3 79,478 79,475 3 0 0 0

 Total 146,059 140,096 5,962 140,731 136,143 4,588 5,328 3,952 1,375

All sources Other sources Growing stock 
156

Table 39—(continued).

Source of material

Region,

subregion, 

and product Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

 Pacific Northwest:

Saw logs 1,220,010 1,169,040 50,971 1,183,330 1,132,398 50,932 36,680 36,641 39

Veneer logs 297,416 285,894 11,521 272,608 261,309 11,299 24808 24585 222

Pulpwood 40,150 37,111 3,038 33,853 30,975 2,878 6297 6136 161

Composite products 1,443 1,443 0 1,217 1,217 0 226 226 0

Fuelwood 137,958 94,478 43,480 80,647 50,811 29,836 57,311 43,667 13,644

Posts, poles, and pilings 68,606 68,606 0 68,606 68,606 0 0 0 0

Miscellaneous products 2,196 2,196 0 1,499 1,499 0 697 697 0

 Total 1,767,779 1,658,768 109,010 1,641,760 1,546,815 94,945 126,019 111,952 14,066

 Pacific Southwest:

Saw logs 515,436 515,436 0 473,354 473,354 0 42082 42082 0

Veneer logs 35,433 35,334 99 27,079 26,981 99 8353 8353 0

Pulpwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Composite products 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fuelwood 169,513 114,718 54,794 63,447 54,434 9,013 106,065 60,285 45,781

Posts, poles, and pilings 7,056 7,056 0 7,056 7,056 0 0 0 0

Miscellaneous products 245 245 0 4 4 0 241 241 0

 Total 727,683 672,789 54,893 570,940 561,829 9,112 156,741 110,961 45,781

Pacific Coast total:

Saw logs 1,769,989 1,718,836 51,153 1,690,486 1,639,375 51,111 79,503 79,460 43

Veneer logs 332,849 321,228 11,620 299,687 288,290 11,398 33,161 32,938 222

Pulpwood 59,406 56,294 3,111 51,131 48,188 2,943 8,275 8,106 168

Composite products 1,443 1,443 0 1,217 1,217 0 226 226 0

Fuelwood 320,253 216,274 103,978 154,267 111,077 43,190 165,985 105,197 60,789

Posts, poles, and pilings 75,662 75,662 0 75,662 75,662 0 0 0 0

Miscellaneous products 81,919 81,916 3 80,981 80,978 3 938 938 0

Total 2,641,521 2,471,653 169,865 2,353,431 2,244,787 108,645 288,088 226,865 61,222 

United States:

Saw logs 7,120,223 5,158,258 1,961,966 6,711,817 4,928,296 1,783,521 408,406 229,960 178,446

Veneer logs 1,281,544 1,123,938 157,605 1,220,518 1,070,475 150,044 61,025 53,463 7,561

Pulpwood 5,043,207 2,850,666 2,192,540 4,444,752 2,547,267 1,897,486 598,455 303,399 295,054

Composite products 361,355 113,926 247,429 325,536 98,488 227,048 35,819 15,438 20,381

Fuelwood 2,282,848 493,046 1,789,800 798,961 187,308 611,652 1,483,885 305,738 1,178,149

Posts, poles, and pilings 174,825 166,364 8,460 161,585 155,244 6,341 13,239 11,121 2,119

Miscellaneous products 166,929 130,000 36,929 146,779 114,503 32,276 20,147 15,497 4,651

Total 16,430,931 10,036,198 6,394,729 13,809,948 9,101,581 4,708,368 2,620,976 934,616 1,686,361

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

All sources Growing stock Other sources
Table 40—Roundwood products, logging residues, and other removals from 

 growing stock and other sources by species group, region, and 

 subregion, 1996

Species group

Region, subregion,

class of material,

and source of material Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

North:

 Northeast:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 1,148,959 392,355 756,605

 Other sources 623,413 152,393 471,020

 Total 1,772,372 544,748 1,227,625

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 125,757 21,362 104,395

 Other sourcesb 587,751 173,399 414,351

 Total 713,508 194,761 518,746

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 000

 Other sourcesd 10,669 1,400 9,270

 Total 10,669 1,400 9,270

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 1,274,716 413,717 861,000

 Other sources 1,221,833 327,192 894,641 

 Total, all materials 2,496,549 740,909 1,755,641

 North Central:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 1,269,961 237,025 1,032,936

 Other sources 466,605 34,102 432,504

 Total 1,736,566 271,127 1,465,440

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 130,195 9,556 120,639

 Other sourcesb 515,880 88,218 427,662

 Total 646,075 97,774 548,301

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 97,545 8,048 89,496

 Other sourcesd 93,098 4,566 88,533

 Total 190,643 12,614 178,029

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 1,497,701 254,629 1,243,071

 Other sources 1,075,583 126,886 948,699 

 Total, all materials 2,573,284 381,515 2,191,770

North Total:

 Roundwood products— 

 Growing stock 2,418,920 629,380 1,789,541

 Other sources 1,090,018 186,495 903,523

 Total 3,508,938 815,875 2,693,064

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 255,951 30,918 225,033

 Other sourcesb 1,103,631 261,618 842,013

 Total 1,359,582 292,536 1,067,046

157
158

Table 40—(continued).

Region, subregion,

class of material,

and source of materials Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 97,545 8,048 89,496

 Other sourcesd 103,768 5,966 97,802

 Total 201,313 14,014 187,298

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 2,772,417 668,346 2,104,070

 Other sources 2,297,417 454,078 1,843,339 

 Total, all materials 5,069,834 1,122,424 3,947,409

South:

 Southeast:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 3,730,248 2,611,553 1,118,695

 Other sources 457,657 203,424 254,233

 Total 4,187,905 2,814,977 1,372,928

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 346,849 168,042 178,807

 Other sourcesb 201,563 65,303 136,260

 Total 548,412 233,345 315,067

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 382,172 167,842 214,330

 Other sourcesd 196,586 61,558 135,028

 Total 578,758 229,400 349,358

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 4,459,269 2,947,437 1,511,832

 Other sources 855,806 330,285 525,521

 Total, all materials 5,315,075 3,277,722 2,037,353

 South Central:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 4,829,338 3,161,156 1,668,182

 Other sources 575,540 178,705 396,835

 Total 5,404,878 3,339,861 2,065,017

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 465,665 200,394 265,271

 Other sourcesb 508,465 147,927 360,538

 Total 974,130 348,321 625,809

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 430,508 169,276 261,232

 Other sourcesd 155,032 31,207 123,825

 Total 585,540 200,483 385,057

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 5,725,511 3,530,826 2,194,685

 Other sources 1,239,037 357,839 881,198 

 Total, all materials 6,964,548 3,888,665 3,075,883

Species group
Table 40—(continued).

Species group

Region, subregion,

class of material,

and source of material Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

South total:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 8,559,586 5,772,708 2,786,877

 Other sources 1,033,197 382,130 651,067

 Total 9,592,783 6,154,838 3,437,944

 Logging residues—

 Growing stock

a 812,513 368,436 444,077

 Other sources

b 710,029 213,230 496,799

 Total 1,522,542 581,666 940,876

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 812,680 337,118 475,563

 Other sources

d 351,618 92,765 258,852

 Total 1,164,298 429,883 734,415

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 10,184,780 6,478,262 3,706,517

 Other sources 2,094,843 688,125 1,406,719

Total, all materials 12,279,623 7,166,387 5,113,236

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 25,899 17,414 8,485

 Other sources 42,463 1,887 40,576

 Total 68,362 19,301 49,061

 Logging residues—

 Growing stock

a 2,619 1,435 1,184

 Other sources

b 7,737 5,301 2,436

 Total 10,356 6,736 3,620

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 6,776 1,332 5,445

 Other sources

d 11,891 937 10,954

 Total 18,667 2,269 16,399

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 35,294 20,181 15,113

 Other sources 62,090 8,124 53,966 

 Total, all materials 97,384 28,305 69,079

 Intermountain:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 452,115 437,293 14,822

 Other sources 167,212 137,240 29,972

 Total 619,327 574,533 44,794

 Logging residues—

 Growing stock

a 44,585 43,650 935

 Other sources

b 105,322 102,278 3,043

 Total 149,907 145,928 3,978

159
160

Table 40—(continued).

Region, subregion,

class of material,

and source of materials Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 000

 Other sourcesd 000

 Total 0 0 0

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 496,700 480,943 15,757

 Other sources 272,534 239,518 33,015

 Total, all materials 769,234 720,461 48,772

Rocky Mountain total:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 478,014 454,707 23,307

 Other sources 209,675 139,127 70,548

 Total 687,689 593,834 93,855

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 47,204 45,085 2,119

 Other sourcesb 113,059 107,579 5,480

 Total 160,263 152,664 7,599

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 6,776 1,332 5,445

 Other sourcesd 11,891 937 10,954

 Total 18,667 2,269 16,399

Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 531,995 501,124 30,871

 Other sources 334,624 247,643 86,981 

Total, all materials 866,619 748,767 117,852

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 140,731 136,143 4,588

 Other sources 5,327 3,953 1,375

 Total 146,058 140,096 5,963

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 40,696 40,061 635

 Other sourcesb 30,911 30,448 462

 Total 71,607 70,509 1,097

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 1,100 1,095 6

 Other sourcesd 000

 Total 1,100 1,095 6

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 182,527 177,299 5,228

 Other sources 36,238 34,401 1,837

 Total, all materials 218,765 211,700 7,065

Species group
Table 40—(continued).

Species group

Region, subregion,

class of material,

and source of material Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

 Pacific Northwest:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 1,641,759 1,546,815 94,944

 Other sources 126,020 111,954 14,066

 Total 1,767,779 1,658,769 109,010

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 78,206 74,059 4,147

 Other sourcesb 80,307 77,161 3,146

 Total 158,513 151,220 7,293

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 1,005 605 400

 Other sourcesd 000

 Total 1,005 605 400

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 1,720,970 1,621,479 99,491

 Other sources 206,327 189,115 17,212 

 Total, all materials 1,927,297 1,810,594 116,703

 Pacific Southwest:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 570,940 561,828 9,112

 Other sources 156,742 110,961 45,781

 Total 727,682 672,789 54,893

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 57,094 56,183 911

 Other sourcesb 43,684 43,683 0

 Total 100,778 99,866 911

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 22 9 13

 Other sourcesd 222 77 145

 Total 244 86 158

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 628,057 618,020 10,036

 Other sources 200,648 154,721 45,926

 Total, all materials 828,705 772,741 55,962

Pacific Coast total:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 2,353,430 2,244,786 108,644

 Other sources 288,089 226,868 61,222

 Total 2,641,519 2,471,654 169,866

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 175,996 170,303 5,693

 Other sourcesb 154,902 151,293 3,609

 Total 330,898 321,596 9,302

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 2,128 1,709 419

 Other sourcesd 222 77 145

 Total 2,350 1,786 564

161
162

Table 40—(continued).

Region, subregion,

class of material,

and source of materials Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet

Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 2,531,554 2,416,798 114,756

 Other sources 443,213 378,238 64,976 

Total, all materials 2,974,767 2,795,036 179,732

United States:

 Roundwood products—

 Growing stock 13,809,951 9,101,582 4,708,369

 Other sources 2,620,979 934,618 1,686,361

 Total 16,430,930 10,036,200 6,394,730

 Logging residues—

 Growing stocka 1,291,665 614,743 676,922

 Other sourcesb 2,081,620 733,720 1,347,900

 Total 3,373,285 1,348,463 2,024,822

 Other removals—

 Growing stockc 919,129 348,207 570,922

 Other sourcesd 467,498 99,745 367,753

 Total 1,386,627 447,952 938,675

 Total, all classes—

 Growing stock 16,020,745 10,064,531 5,956,214

 Other sources 5,170,097 1,768,083 3,402,014

 Total, all materials 21,190,842 11,832,614 9,358,228

a Growing-stock volume cut or knocked down during harvest but left at the

harvest site.

b Wood volume other than growing stock cut or knocked down during harvest but 

left on the ground. This volume is net of wet rot or advanced dry rot, and excludes

old punky logs; consists of material sound enough to chip; includes downed dead

and cull trees, tops above the 4-inch growing-stock top, and smaller than 5 inches

d.b.h.; excludes stumps and limbs.

c Growing-stock volume removed by cultural operations or timberland clearing.

d Wood volume other than growing stock removed by cultural operations or

timberland clearing. This volume is net of wet rot or advanced dry rot, and excludes

old punky logs; consists of material sound enough to chip; includes downed dead

and cull trees, tops above the 4-inch growing-stock top, and smaller than 5 inches

dbh; excludes stumps and limbs.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Species group
Table 41—Weight of bark and wood residue from primary wood-using mills by type of material, species group, region, subregion, and type

 of use, 1996

Region, subregion, Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand type of use Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

North:

 Northeast:

 Fiber products 1,484 329 1,155 46 13 32 1,438 316 1,122 1,369 285 1,084 70 31 38

 Fuel 1,971 397 1,574 317 70 247 1,654 327 1,327 997 215 782 656 112 544

 Other uses 2,208 499 1,709 717 135 582 1,490 364 1,126 302 65 237 1,188 299 889

 Not used 404 101 302 109 28 80 295 73 222 158 44 114 137 29 108

 Total 6,067 1,326 4,740 1,189 246 941 4,877 1,080 3,797 2,826 609 2,217 2,051 471 1,579

 North Central:

 Fiber products 1,542 236 1,307 47 1 45 1,496 234 1,261 1,406 215 1,191 90 19 70

 Fuel 3,711 670 3,041 1,795 381 1,414 1,916 289 1,627 876 69 807 1,040 220 820

 Other uses 2,239 160 2,079 853 64 789 1,386 97 1,290 606 50 557 780 47 733

 Not used 357 58 299 101 20 81 256 37 218 78 12 66 178 26 152

 Total 7,849 1,124 6,726 2,796 466 2,329 5,054 657 4,396 2,966 346 2,621 2,088 312 1,775

North total:

 Fiber products 3,026 565 2,461 92 14 78 2,934 551 2,383 2,775 500 2,275 159 50 109

 Fuel 5,682 1,067 4,615 2,112 452 1,661 3,570 616 2,954 1,873 284 1,590 1,697 332 1,365

 Other uses 4,447 660 3,787 1,570 199 1,371 2,877 461 2,416 909 114 794 1,968 346 1,622

 Not used 761 159 602 210 49 161 551 110 441 236 56 180 314 54 260

Total 13,916 2,451 11,465 3,984 714 3,271 9,932 1,738 8,194 5,793 954 4,839 4,138 782 3,356

South:

 Southeast:

 Fiber products 8,827 7,344 1,483 2 0 2 8,825 7,344 1,481 7,376 5,951 1,425 1,450 1393 56

 Fuel 10,132 7,131 3,001 5,241 3,618 1,623 4,891 3,513 1,378 654 367 288 4,237 3,146 1,091

 Other uses 2,785 2,229 556 1,278 915 363 1,507 1,315 193 522 456 65 986 858 127

 Not used 194 97 98 58 34 24 136 63 74 58 28 31 78 35 43

 Total 21,938 16,801 5,138 6,579 4,567 2,012 15,359 12,235 3,126 8,610 6,802 1,809 6,751 5,432 1,317

 South Central:

 Fiber products 11,143 8,869 2,274 7 0 7 11,136 8,869 2,267 10,240 8,006 2,234 897 863 34

 Fuel 15,372 10,335 5,038 7,391 4,739 2,652 7,981 5,595 2,386 1442 728 714 6,539 4,867 1,672

 Other uses 3,423 2,198 1,224 1,096 665 431 2,327 1,533 794 683 408 274 1,644 1125 519

 Not used 541 212 329 114 48 67 427 164 262 159 32 127 268 132 136

 Total 30,479 21,614 8,865 8,608 5,452 3,157 21,871 16,161 5,709 12,524 9,174 3,349 9,348 6,987 2,361

South total:

 Fiber products 19,970 16,213 3,757 9 0 9 19,962 16,213 3,748 17,615 13,957 3,658 2,346 2,256 90

 Fuel 25,505 17,466 8,039 12,632 8,357 4,275 12,873 9,109 3,764 2,097 1,095 1,002 10,776 8,014 2,762

 Other uses 6,208 4,427 1,780 2,374 1,580 794 3,834 2,848 986 1,204 865 340 2,630 1,983 647

 Not used 735 308 427 172 82 91 563 227 336 217 60 158 345 167 179

Total 52,418 38,414 14,003 15,187 10,019 5,169 37,232 28,397 8,834 21,133 15,977 5,158 16,097 12,420 3,678

Coarse materials Fine materials

Thousand dry tons

Total residue Bark residue All materials

163
164

Table 41—(continued).

Region, subregion Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand type of use Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Fiber products 79 74 5 0 0 0 79 74 5 65 60 5 14 14 0

 Fuel 58 46 12 32 29 3 26 16 9 14 7 7 12 10 2

 Other uses 59 4 55 16 2 13 44 2 42 24 1 23 20 1 19

 Not used 22 8 13 6 3 3 15 5 10 8 2 7 7 3 4

 Total 218 132 85 54 34 19 164 97 66 111 70 42 53 28 25

 Intermountain:

 Fiber products 4,284 4,280 4 0 0 0 4,284 4,280 4 3,281 3,277 4 1,003 1,003 0

 Fuel 2,471 2,466 4 1,234 1,233 1 1,237 1233 4 192 191 1 1,045 1,043 3

 Other uses 392 388 3 113 112 1 278 276 2 75 75 0 203 201 2

 Not used 267 264 3 143 142 1 124 123 2 72 71 1 52 52 0

 Total 7,414 7,398 14 1,490 1,487 3 5,923 5,912 12 3,620 3,614 6 2,303 2,299 5

Rocky Mountain total:

 Fiber products 4,363 4,354 9 0 0 0 4,363 4,354 9 3,345 3,336 9 1017 1017 0

 Fuel 2,528 2,512 17 1266 1262 4 1,263 1,250 13 206 197 9 1057 1053 4

 Other uses 451 393 58 129 115 14 322 278 44 99 76 23 223 202 20

 Not used 289 273 16 149 145 4 140 128 12 81 72 8 59 55 4

Total 7,631 7,532 100 1,544 1,522 22 6,088 6,010 78 3,731 3,681 49 2,356 2,327 28

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Fiber products 90 90 0 0 0 0 90 90 0 90 90 0 0 0 0

 Fuel 36 36 0 0 0 0 36 36 0 10 10 0 25 25 0

 Other uses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Not used 115 110 5 91 90 2 24 20 4 17 14 3 7 6 1

 Total 241 236 5 91 90 2 150 146 4 117 114 3 32 31 1

Coarse materials

Thousand dry tons

Total residue Bark residue All materials Fine materials
Table 41—(continued).

Region, subregion Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand type of use Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

 Pacific Northwest:

 Fiber products 7,304 6,987 317 1 1 0 7,303 6,986 316 5,062 4,772 291 2,240 2,215 26

 Fuel 3,986 3,606 380 2,385 2,221 165 1,601 1,385 216 561 443 119 1,039 942 97

 Other uses 1,219 1,110 109 335 305 31 884 805 79 600 566 34 284 239 45

 Not used 15 15 0 7 7 0 7 7 0 4 4 0 4 4 0

 Total 12,524 11,718 806 2,728 2,534 196 9,795 9,183 611 6,227 5,785 444 3,567 3,400 168

 Pacific Southwest:

 Fiber products 2,147 2,144 3 15 15 0 2,132 2,129 3 1,592 1,589 3 540 540 0

 Fuel 2,286 2,284 1 850 849 1 1,436 1,436 0 544 544 0 892 891 0

 Other uses 382 382 0 119 119 0 263 263 0 88 88 0 175 175 0

 Not used 8 8 0 8 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 4,823 4,818 4 992 991 1 3,831 3,828 3 2,224 2,221 3 1,607 1,606 0

Pacific Coast total:

 Fiber products 9,541 9,221 320 16 15 0 9,525 9,205 320 6,744 6,450 294 2,781 2,755 26

 Fuel 6,308 5,926 382 3,235 3,069 166 3,072 2,856 216 1,116 997 119 1,956 1,859 97

 Other uses 1,602 1,492 110 454 424 31 1,147 1,068 79 688 654 34 459 414 45

 Not used 139 133 5 107 106 2 31 28 4 20 17 3 11 10 1

Total 17,590 16,772 817 3,812 3,614 199 13,775 13,157 619 8,568 8,118 450 5,207 5,038 169 

United States:

 Fiber products 36,900 30,353 6,547 117 30 87 36,783 30,323 6,460 30,480 24,244 6,236 6,303 6,079 224

 Fuel 40,023 26,971 13,052 19,246 13,140 6,105 20,777 13,830 6,947 5,292 2,573 2,719 15,486 11,258 4,228

 Other uses 12,707 6,972 5,735 4,527 2,317 2,210 8,180 4,655 3,525 2,901 1,709 1,192 5,279 2,946 2,333

 Not used 1,923 873 1,050 638 381 258 1,285 492 792 555 206 349 730 287 443

Total 91,553 65,169 26,384 24,528 15,868 8,660 67,025 49,300 17,724 39,228 28,732 10,496 27,798 20,570 7,228

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. 

Thousand dry tons

Total residue Bark residue All materials Coarse materials Fine materials

165
166

Table B1—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, 

 and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast: 

 Connecticut 1,554 1,464 1,306 355 264 0 0 0 0 0 161 266 136 32 24

 Delaware 512 523 408 490 539 0 0 0 0 0 24 23 21 6 7

 Maine 29,859 32,859 25,232 20,144 17,233 162 51 43 39 36 1,473 1,304 301 234 229

 Maryland 2,260 2,250 1,727 1,630 1,472 0 0 0 0 0 244 242 121 63 57

 Massachusetts 5,582 5,719 4,168 2,534 1,299 0 0 0 0 0 831 910 779 247 127

 New Hampshire 12,665 9,481 8,607 5,977 5,381 897 929 580 653 588 1,288 723 158 169 152

 New Jersey 1,118 1,236 574 557 407 0 0 0 0 0 438 501 147 50 37

 New York 18,144 14,017 7,771 6,769 6,311 23 2000 2,465 1,759 660 575 536

 Pennsylvania 7,190 5,485 3,714 3,222 2,988 198 174 135 125 116 1,212 866 555 481 446

 Rhode Island 125 187 288 43 29 0 0 0 0 0 21 86 6 3 2

 Vermont 8,686 5,117 4,200 2,776 3,270 203 123 65 76 89 444 328 225 108 127

 West Virginia 3,869 2,754 2,901 1,460 1,394 1,051 492 819 404 386 245 88 53 106 101

 Total 91,564 81,092 60,896 45,957 40,587 2,534 1,771 1,642 1,297 1,215 8,845 7,096 3,162 2,074 1,845

 North Central:

 Illinois 338 338 236 80 31 96 96 63 13 2 130 130 79 1 0

 Indiana 1,005 617 255 140 78 120 62 14 8 2 138 65 74 40 47

 Iowa 33 19 14 7 6 0 0000 00000

 Michigan 22,783 18,442 13,974 9,119 5,929 4,550 3,587 2,186 1,012 428 6,038 4,907 3,567 2,207 1,335

 Minnesota 12,411 11,196 8,531 6,133 4,713 3,066 2,367 2,551 1,233 1,006 4,887 4,941 3,355 2,976 2,030

 Missouri 2,754 2,073 1,293 924 684 1,083 1,043 697 568 347 222 96 41 17 12

 Ohio 1,050 976 886 343 326 98 48 45 22 21 113 85 89 33 31

 Wisconsin 14,691 11,594 9,183 5,463 4,494 2,310 2,086 1,092 650 346 3,125 3,360 1,974 1,175 1,609

 Total 55,064 45,255 34,372 22,209 16,261 11,323 9,289 6,648 3,506 2,152 14,653 13,584 9,179 6,449 5,064

North total: 146,628 126,347 95,268 68,166 56,848 13,857 11,060 8,290 4,803 3,367 23,498 20,680 12,341 8,523 6,909

South:

 Southeast:

 Florida 28,312 28,369 25,278 19,623 15,919 3,362 3,036 2,596 1,826 1,566 5,793 4,520 2,489 1,278 1,014

 Georgia 53,244 53,496 50,456 38,410 33,968 2,200 1,577 1,895 1,506 1,427 5,419 4,176 3,318 3,174 2,650

 North Carolina 44,048 42,642 38,529 31,419 29,210 2,400 2,214 1,890 1,194 1,080 2,769 2,047 1,308 1,100 877

 South Carolina 29,381 34,079 28,030 19,129 15,450 2,607 3,518 2,819 2,152 1,455 2,431 2,379 1,477 991 480

 Virginia 19,881 18,686 17,441 15,010 14,852 1,255 1,150 1,107 883 873 1,270 1,132 892 726 719

 Total 174,866 177,272 159,734 123,591 109,399 11,822 11,495 10,307 7,561 6,401 17,681 14,254 9,484 7,269 5,740

 South Central:

 Alabama 42,814 39,787 43,207 32,556 21,273 2,640 2,789 2,486 1,786 1,101 1,253 936 876 589 301

 Arkansas 39,484 35,701 29,783 21,945 17,366 8,444 6,639 5,263 4,051 3,346 1,436 1,050 620 195 158

 Kentucky 2,751 2,464 2,092 1,309 1,608 465 407 438 334 410 107 10 8 13 17

 Louisiana 44,944 45,446 38,380 26,658 19,518 4,031 3,986 3,585 2,239 1,292 1,732 1,277 996 442 325

 Mississippi 39,338 38,427 35,369 20,008 13,902 7,466 7,487 6,363 5,030 2,899 2,703 1,156 1,739 760 1,180

 Oklahoma 4,239 3,680 3,576 2,262 1,771 930 712 510 418 307 262 198 145 8 7

 Tennessee 9,614 8,661 5,724 3,997 3,412 1,302 1,381 914 929 814 1,245 1,006 600 286 310

 Texas 35,133 36,887 36,052 24,436 15,967 6,403 6,782 5,420 5,390 2,759 665 842 757 272 149

 Total 218,316 211,053 194,183 133,171 94,817 31,681 30,183 24,979 20,177 12,928 9,403 6,475 5,741 2,565 2,447

South total: 393,182 388,325 353,917 256,762 204,216 43,503 41,678 35,286 27,738 19,329 27,085 20,729 15,225 9,834 8,187

All owners National forest Other publica

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule
167

Table B1—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 31 14 1 0 0 0 0000 10000

 Nebraska 811 759 617 403 260 227 104 93 76 64 98 84 64 34 14

 North Dakota 5 7 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 00000

 South Dakota 4,779 6,027 5,664 5,330 5,088 3,882 4,395 4,691 4,539 4,381 178 454 330 221 199

 Total 5,626 6,807 6,282 5,733 5,348 4,110 4,499 4,784 4,615 4,445 276 538 394 255 213

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 25,991 29,102 22,063 22,218 22,714 17,874 20,703 14,977 14,707 14,494 231 8,190 6,727 7,131 7,804

 Colorado 56,422 61,652 50,685 49,966 47,599 41,181 46,364 39,485 39,329 37,598 4,787 4,768 2,568 2,439 2,293

 Idaho 164,580 139,582 139,049 139,794 137,701 126,831 101,659 95,430 93,731 89,475 14,663 16,177 14,425 14,472 15,060

 Montana 131,842 91,678 96,238 110,222 105,498 98,341 59,383 60,061 69,792 64,182 8,740 9,508 9,219 9,379 9,142

 Nevada 1,614 2,059 1,363 1,362 1,328 742 1,164 417 441 411 271 58 51 50 50

 New Mexico 20,669 23,842 24,347 25,168 25,421 13,244 16,371 12,473 12,847 12,254 486 2,884 5,877 6,098 6,517

 Utah 23,596 14,631 14,357 15,325 15,542 18,534 11,154 11,258 11,904 11,520 1,700 1,415 1,686 1,861 2,188

 Wyoming 26,707 24,358 26,683 20,489 19,947 19,770 17,421 21,968 16,032 15,891 2,272 2,793 1,952 1,845 1,679

 Total 451,419 386,904 374,785 384,544 375,750 336,518 274,219 256,069 258,783 245,825 33,150 45,793 42,505 43,275 44,733

Rocky Mountain total: 457,045 393,711 381,067 390,277 381,098 340,628 278,718 260,853 263,398 250,270 33,426 46,331 42,899 43,530 44,946

Pacific Coast: 

 Alaska:

 Alaska 140,563 168,317 216,041 223,734 224,187 90,976 111,002 161,918 175,094 178,182 22,244 26,743 51,359 47,484 45,059

 Total 140,563 168,317 216,041 223,734 224,187 90,976 111,002 161,918 175,094 178,182 22,244 26,743 51,359 47,484 45,059

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 462,689 384,260 414,186 485,086 530,601 301,502 227,902 252,804 274,650 267,197 75,831 77,128 72,607 79,726 92,373

 Washington 334,471 319,481 313,300 345,226 361,086 165,201 125,918 133,819 149,351 152,947 53,553 73,168 67,715 70,386 70,555

 Total 797,160 703,741 727,486 830,312 891,687 466,703 353,820 386,623 424,001 420,144 129,384 150,296 140,322 150,112 162,928

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 297,093 289,175 255,594 299,247 337,797 188,362 182,721 157,958 171,879 176,982 7,792 7,314 6,356 7,955 10,952

 Hawaii 18 18 17 16 17 0 0 0 0 0 12 12 11 11 11

 Total 297,111 289,193 255,611 299,263 337,814 188,362 182,721 157,958 171,879 176,982 7,804 7,326 6,367 7,966 10,963

Pacific Coast total: 1,234,833 1,161,251 1,199,138 1,353,309 1,453,329 746,042 618,323 706,499 770,974 775,308 159,433 184,365 198,048 205,562 218,591

United States: 2,231,688 2,069,634 2,029,390 2,068,514 2,095,491 1,144,030 949,779 1,010,928 1,066,913 1,048,274 243,442 272,105 268,513 267,449 278,633

All owners National forest Other publica

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule
168

Table B1—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 00000 1,393 1,198 1,170 323 240

 Delaware 15 15 77 40 37 473 485 310 444 495

 Maine 11,434 16,900 13,570 8,475 7,237 16,790 14,604 11,318 11,396 9,731

 Maryland 166 166 224 135 122 1,849 1,842 1,382 1,432 1,293

 Massachusetts 283 222 85 214 110 4,468 4,587 3,304 2,073 1,062

 New Hampshire 575 891 1,318 1,016 915 9,906 6,938 6,551 4,139 3,726

 New Jersey 0 0 0 1 1 680 735 427 506 369

 New York 1,093 1,100 855 745 695 14,562 11,156 6,256 5,449 5,080

 Pennsylvania 233 263 144 125 116 5,548 4,182 2,880 2,491 2,310

 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 104 101 282 40 27

 Vermont 229 334 488 399 470 7,810 4,332 3,422 2,193 2,584

 West Virginia 207 405 307 53 51 2,366 1,769 1,722 897 856

 Total 14,235 20,296 17,068 11,203 9,754 65,950 51,929 39,024 31,383 27,773

 North Central:

 Illinois 0 0 1 2 2 112 112 93 64 27

 Indiana 0 0 1 1 0 746 490 166 91 29

 Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 33 19 14 7 6

 Michigan 2,574 2,813 2,611 2,079 1,836 9,621 7,135 5,610 3,821 2,330

 Minnesota 778 936 597 531 480 3,679 2,952 2,028 1,393 1,197

 Missouri 135 71 35 24 19 1,315 863 520 315 306

 Ohio 65 0 0 18 17 774 843 752 270 257

 Wisconsin 998 1,246 1,982 1,180 301 8,258 4,902 4,135 2,458 2,238

 Total 4,550 5,066 5,227 3,835 2,655 24,538 17,316 13,318 8,419 6,390

North total: 18,784 25,362 22,295 15,038 12,409 90,488 69,245 52,342 39,802 34,163

South:

 Southeast: 0000 0000

 Florida 5,334 6,366 7,868 6,286 4,990 13,824 14,447 12,325 10,233 8,349

 Georgia 7,954 9,531 8,452 7,245 6,420 37,671 38,212 36,791 26,485 23,471

 North Carolina 5,015 4,372 3,628 4,870 4,966 33,865 34,009 31,703 24,255 22,287

 South Carolina 4,674 5,594 4,359 3,551 2,783 19,669 22,588 19,375 12,435 10,732

 Virginia 2,561 2,749 2,799 2,597 2,569 14,796 13,655 12,643 10,804 10,691

 Total 25,538 28,612 27,106 24,549 21,728 119,824 122,911 112,837 84,212 75,530

South Central:

 Alabama 10,451 9,667 11,683 9,672 6,275 28,471 26,395 28,162 20,509 13,596

 Arkansas 13,624 14,385 13,181 13,309 11,617 15,979 13,627 10,719 4,390 2,245

 Kentucky 30 15 15 39 48 2,149 2,032 1,631 923 1,133

 Louisiana 11,424 11,863 11,653 11,055 9,144 27,757 28,320 22,146 12,922 8,757

 Mississippi 6,726 6,741 6,392 5,290 6,571 22,443 23,043 20,875 8,928 3,252

 Oklahoma 1,256 1,264 1,924 1,463 1,241 1,791 1,506 997 373 216

 Tennessee 750 912 612 276 258 6,317 5,362 3,598 2,506 2,030

 Texas 7,584 9,878 14,511 11,487 7,995 20,481 19,385 15,364 7,287 5,064

 Total 51,844 54,725 59,971 52,591 43,149 125,387 119,670 103,492 57,838 36,293

South total: 77,382 83,337 87,077 77,140 64,877 245,211 242,581 216,329 142,050 111,823

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

Nonindustrial privatea Forest Industry
169

Table B1—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains:

 Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 30 14 1 0 0

 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 486 571 460 293 182

 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 0

 South Dakota 0 50 63 35 32 718 1,128 580 535 476

 Total 0 50 63 35 32 1,239 1,720 1,041 828 658

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 00000 7,886 209 359 380 416

 Colorado 0 0 75 71 67 10,453 10,520 8,557 8,127 7,641

 Idaho 10,485 9,888 13,290 16,090 17,664 12,600 11,858 15,904 15,501 15,502

 Montana 7,673 11,052 9,526 13,484 15,173 17,088 11,735 17,432 17,567 17,001

 Nevada 125 0 86 84 84 476 837 809 787 783

 New Mexico 0 13 0 447 477 6,939 4,574 5,997 5,776 6,173

 Utah 00000 3,361 2,062 1,413 1,560 1,834

 Wyoming 0 175 220 208 189 4,665 3,969 2,543 2,404 2,188

 Total 18,283 21,128 23,197 30,384 33,654 63,468 45,764 53,014 52,102 51,538

Rocky Mountain total: 18,283 21,178 23,260 30,419 33,686 64,708 47,484 54,055 52,930 52,196

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 00000 27,342 30,572 2,764 1,156 946

 Total 00000 27,342 30,572 2,764 1,156 946

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 49,202 50,525 65,030 96,680 128,081 36,154 28,705 23,745 34,030 42,950

 Washington 61,055 77,732 75,974 93,443 108,184 54,409 42,663 35,792 32,046 29,400

 Total 110,257 128,257 141,004 190,123 236,265 90,563 71,368 59,537 66,076 72,350

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 47,598 44,176 40,883 51,532 63,406 53,341 54,964 50,397 67,881 86,457

 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 66 6 5 6

 Total 47,598 44,176 40,883 51,532 63,406 53,347 54,970 50,403 67,886 86,463

Pacific Coast total: 157,855 172,433 181,887 241,655 299,671 171,252 156,910 112,704 135,118 159,759

 

United States: 272,305 302,310 314,519 364,252 410,643 571,659 516,220 435,430 369,900 357,941

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

Nonindustrial privatea

Forest Industry
170

Table B2—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, 

 and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 5,965 6,138 4,565 2,961 1,596 00000 1,045 986 359 251 135

 Delaware 1,288 1,251 985 734 573 0 0 0 0 0 123 49 41 8 7

 Maine 17,107 13,987 10,887 10,556 9,807 81 32 103 41 42 689 447 103 97 98

 Maryland 11,139 11,160 6,440 5,462 5,042 00000 1,202 1,218 576 294 271

 Massachusetts 6,340 5,878 3,700 1,892 1,360 00000 1,231 995 425 170 122

 New Hampshire 10,516 8,267 5,958 4,652 3,075 1,529 1,767 1,322 1,701 1,124 786 429 207 91 60

 New Jersey 4,653 2,742 2,553 2,395 2,325 00000 1,057 737 356 67 65

 New York 43,623 35,395 18,318 16,972 16,096 56 13 0 0 0 3,623 3,066 1,258 1,166 1,106

 Pennsylvania 59,357 46,238 30,538 21,908 16,671 3,345 3,318 2,039 917 698 12,459 9,021 5,871 4,212 3,205

 Rhode Island 683 729 408 308 137 0 0 0 0 0 154 204 27 40 18

 Vermont 14,262 8,727 6,192 4,124 4,626 941 822 355 422 473 1,546 1,090 335 196 220

 West Virginia 54,570 30,070 26,033 20,887 22,716 5,308 3,895 3,585 1,883 2,048 2,502 1,004 509 736 801

 Total 229,502 170,582 116,577 92,851 84,024 11,259 9,847 7,404 4,964 4,385 26,416 19,246 10,067 7,328 6,108 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 17,158 17,156 14,665 10,931 9,488 924 924 738 459 245 962 962 658 202 133

 Indiana 25,243 18,600 10,713 10,665 8,754 1,111 770 344 341 165 2,741 1,930 787 789 607

 Iowa 5,758 4,264 3,406 4,540 5,054 0 0 0 9 4 615 502 376 174 67

 Michigan 48,422 34,049 29,155 23,365 16,764 4,970 3,519 2,492 1,612 865 7,754 5,320 5,250 4,720 3,070

 Minnesota 22,854 19,801 16,077 8,742 6,272 2,503 1,612 1,740 608 312 7,254 6,575 5,023 2,759 1,552

 Missouri 23,118 19,237 13,978 13,516 13,418 2,363 2,290 1,563 1,199 751 1,341 730 407 205 215

 Ohio 29,402 21,382 19,530 13,147 11,039 932 654 609 318 267 1,807 1,173 1,232 817 686

 Wisconsin 33,416 27,344 20,614 13,206 10,259 2,770 1,942 1,084 687 687 4,867 4,655 2,672 1,717 1,672

 Total 205,370 161,833 128,138 98,112 81,048 15,572 11,711 8,570 5,233 3,296 27,341 21,847 16,405 11,383 8,002 

North total: 434,873 332,415 244,715 190,963 165,072 26,832 21,558 15,974 10,197 7,681 53,757 41,093 26,472 18,711 14,110

South:

 Southeast: 

 Florida 16,976 16,498 13,563 11,572 10,347 665 573 509 373 281 3,180 2,383 634 282 217

 Georgia 51,236 41,182 34,522 27,453 24,324 3,016 2,682 2,507 2,361 2,092 2,928 1,586 1,213 767 681

 North Carolina 62,541 59,920 49,712 38,137 35,659 6,402 6,335 4,495 3,624 2,710 2,149 1,673 1,056 991 570

 South Carolina 25,874 26,700 20,416 15,695 14,259 1,155 1,278 951 601 409 1,093 948 671 408 261

 Virginia 60,371 55,204 45,490 34,124 30,747 6,548 5,752 4,780 2,522 2,273 3,107 2,344 1,933 679 612

 Total 216,997 199,504 163,703 126,981 115,336 17,787 16,620 13,242 9,481 7,765 12,457 8,934 5,507 3,127 2,341

 South Central:

 Alabama 33,362 24,726 21,931 18,443 18,194 1,101 762 584 519 421 1,475 862 516 369 247

 Arkansas 37,476 28,807 20,234 22,828 25,033 5,634 3,587 2,570 2,509 1,509 4,251 2,300 1,424 1,851 1,086

 Kentucky 42,877 31,682 26,850 19,897 21,312 2,795 1,625 1,570 685 734 1,582 772 713 724 776

 Louisiana 30,581 25,290 24,171 26,486 22,423 1,160 808 670 345 209 2,676 2,221 1,058 523 402

 Mississippi 37,851 30,141 25,326 16,081 16,839 2,632 2,181 1,655 874 314 3,168 1,259 1,276 525 508

 Oklahoma 5,946 3,008 2,491 1,844 1,988 194 274 246 97 74 470 440 292 70 74

 Tennessee 43,957 34,795 25,173 19,430 18,132 2,309 1,827 1,334 1,071 784 3,753 2,253 1,529 1,076 975

 Texas 15,578 15,122 13,987 8,616 10,026 808 607 403 586 447 346 304 236 104 85

 Total 247,628 193,571 160,163 133,625 133,947 16,633 11,671 9,032 6,686 4,492 17,721 10,411 7,044 5,242 4,153

South total: 464,625 393,075 323,866 260,606 249,283 34,420 28,291 22,274 16,167 12,257 30,179 19,345 12,551 8,369 6,494

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 4,363 2,976 2,019 1,795 1,707 0 0 0 0 0 236 174 91 81 62

 Nebraska 2,550 1,185 1,153 1,103 1,071 0 5 4 1 0 211 65 55 40 30

 North Dakota 820 569 474 456 509 1 0 0 0 0 91 67 146 141 157

 South Dakota 539 205 401 243 215 3 5 7 5 5 31 36 54 33 29

 Total 8,271 4,935 4,047 3,597 3,502 5 10 11 6 5 569 342 346 295 278

All owners National forest Other public

a

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule
Table B2—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

 

 Intermountain: 

 Arizona 1,162 1,277 648 646 572 451 629 424 434 376 0 648 100 94 87

 Colorado 7,637 5,460 4,257 3,833 3,518 5,478 3,295 3,021 2,677 2,465 417 437 280 262 239

 Idaho 1,165 983 568 738 763 293 220 105 225 209 203 276 165 164 159

 Montana 1,324 1,284 1,097 1,078 1,018 281 93 85 84 76 67 117 271 263 248

 Nevada 49 38 25 27 24 35 36 25 27 24 13 2000

 New Mexico 1,468 1,292 1,573 1,506 1,372 983 974 463 448 385 39 47 95 91 85

 Utah 2,566 1,441 1,209 1,475 1,417 1,924 878 785 1,054 1,000 230 163 133 132 131

 Wyoming 683 517 397 320 291 262 96 106 46 43 88 88 111 104 95

 Total 16,054 12,292 9,774 9,623 8,975 9,708 6,221 5,014 4,995 4,578 1,059 1,778 1,155 1,110 1,044

Rocky Mountain total: 24,326 17,227 13,821 13,220 12,477 9,713 6,231 5,025 5,001 4,583 1,628 2,120 1,501 1,405 1,322

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska:

 Alaska 6,224 7,827 9,883 10,038 10,164 574 492 835 873 872 3,190 2,937 8,794 8,986 9,206

 Total 6,224 7,827 9,883 10,038 10,164 574 492 835 873 872 3,190 2,937 8,794 8,986 9,206

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 21,303 19,384 16,986 19,635 15,801 5,182 4,689 4,739 4,488 3,617 5,438 3,863 4,024 2,672 2,002

 Washington 25,862 24,771 16,996 11,839 7,941 1,380 1,484 638 663 524 5,448 4,718 3,110 2,061 1,292

 Total 47,165 44,155 33,982 31,474 23,742 6,562 6,173 5,377 5,151 4,141 10,886 8,581 7,134 4,733 3,294

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 22,453 22,792 8,075 5,725 5,575 8,205 9,765 2,955 2,237 2,274 604 1,447 572 403 474

 Hawaii 1,178 1,178 1,030 722 722 0 0 0 0 0 553 553 447 327 327

 Total 23,631 23,970 9,105 6,447 6,297 8,205 9,765 2,955 2,237 2,274 1,157 2,000 1,019 730 801

Pacific Coast total: 77,019 75,952 52,970 47,959 40,203 15,340 16,430 9,167 8,261 7,287 15,232 13,518 16,947 14,449 13,301

United States: 1,000,842 818,669 635,372 512,748 467,035 86,304 72,510 52,440 40,346 31,808 100,797 76,076 57,471 42,934 35,227

All owners National forest Other publica

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

171
172

Table B2—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North:

 Northeast:

 Connecticut 00063 4,920 5,152 4,206 2,704 1,458

 Delaware 2 23 13 60 39 1,163 1,179 931 666 527

 Maine 7,852 7,803 6,347 4,421 4,102 8,485 5,705 4,334 5,997 5,565

 Maryland 262 257 148 55 51 9,674 9,685 5,716 5,113 4,720

 Massachusetts 199 193 30 161 116 4,910 4,690 3,245 1,561 1,122

 New Hampshire 821 1,187 1,061 561 371 7,380 4,884 3,368 2,299 1,520

 New Jersey 0 0 45 5 5 3,597 2,005 2,152 2,323 2,255

 New York 4,120 3,096 2,064 1,912 1,813 35,823 29,220 14,996 13,894 13,177

 Pennsylvania 2,898 3,055 1,284 921 701 40,655 30,844 21,344 15,858 12,067

 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 529 525 381 268 119

 Vermont 590 776 1,170 760 853 11,184 6,039 4,332 2,746 3,080

 West Virginia 4,537 3,240 2,591 1,200 1,305 42,224 21,931 19,348 17,068 18,562

 Total 21,282 19,630 14,753 10,062 9,359 170,545 121,859 84,353 70,497 64,172 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 61 61 54 45 61 15,209 15,209 13,215 10,225 9,049

 Indiana 111 95 64 64 64 21,280 15,805 9,518 9,471 7,918

 Iowa 0 0 38 14 19 5,143 3,762 2,992 4,343 4,964

 Michigan 4,146 4,777 4,576 4,019 3,370 31,553 20,433 16,837 13,014 9,459

 Minnesota 698 806 662 385 288 12,399 10,808 8,652 4,990 4,120

 Missouri 354 423 373 188 215 19,060 15,794 11,635 11,924 12,237

 Ohio 580 353 564 377 317 26,084 19,202 17,125 11,635 9,769

 Wisconsin 2,105 1,991 2,263 1,453 708 23,673 18,756 14,595 9,349 7,192

 Total 8,056 8,506 8,594 6,545 5,042 154,401 119,769 94,569 74,951 64,708

North total: 29,338 28,136 23,347 16,607 14,401 324,946 241,628 178,922 145,448 128,880

South:

 Southeast: 0000 0000

 Florida 3,351 4,067 4,388 3,851 3,470 9,779 9,474 8,032 7,066 6,379

 Georgia 5,850 7,122 5,988 3,845 3,405 39,441 29,792 24,814 20,480 18,146

 North Carolina 4,051 4,690 3,822 3,890 5,100 49,938 47,222 40,339 29,632 27,279

 South Carolina 3,912 4,957 3,843 3,075 2,375 19,714 19,517 14,951 11,611 11,214

 Virginia 2,921 3,389 2,963 3,053 2,752 47,794 43,719 35,814 27,870 25,110

 Total 20,086 24,225 21,004 17,714 17,102 166,667 149,724 123,950 96,659 88,128

 South Central: 

 Alabama 5,425 4,409 4,066 3,011 2,735 25,361 18,693 16,765 14,544 14,791

 Arkansas 6,616 7,219 5,186 5,982 3,710 20,976 15,701 11,054 12,486 18,728

 Kentucky 633 520 555 692 741 37,867 28,765 24,012 17,796 19,061

 Louisiana 6,138 5,210 6,200 4,205 3,363 20,607 17,051 16,243 21,413 18,449

 Mississippi 4,601 4,501 4,720 1,703 1,327 27,450 22,200 17,675 12,979 14,690

 Oklahoma 279 330 487 244 261 5,003 1,965 1,466 1,433 1,579

 Tennessee 2,715 2,930 2,406 1,233 951 35,181 27,784 19,904 16,050 15,422

 Texas 4,025 3,858 4,025 2,406 2,489 10,399 10,353 9,323 5,520 7,005

 Total 30,431 28,977 27,645 19,476 15,577 182,843 142,512 116,442 102,221 109,725

South total: 50,517 53,202 48,649 37,190 32,679 349,510 292,236 240,392 198,880 197,853

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 00000 4,127 2,802 1,928 1,714 1,645

 Nebraska 00000 2,338 1,115 1,094 1,062 1,041

 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 728 502 328 315 352

 South Dakota 0 0 1 0 0 505 164 339 205 181

 Total 00100 7,697 4,583 3,689 3,296 3,219

Nonindustrial privatea

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

Forest Industry
Table B2—(continued).

Region, 

subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

 Intermountain: 

 Arizona 0 0 0 0 0 711 0 124 118 109

 Colorado 00111 1,742 1,728 955 893 813

 Idaho 40 70 97 140 168 629 417 201 209 227

 Montana 19 43 21 29 32 956 1,031 720 702 662

 Nevada 00000 00000

 New Mexico 0 2 0 50 46 446 269 1,015 917 856

 Utah 0 0 0 0 0 412 400 291 289 286

 Wyoming 0 0 3 3 2 333 333 177 167 151

 Total 59 115 122 223 249 5,229 4,178 3,483 3,295 3,104 

Rocky Mountain total: 59 115 123 223 249 12,926 8,761 7,172 6,591 6,323

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska: 0000 0000

 Alaska 00000 2,460 4,398 254 179 86

 Total 00000 2,460 4,398 254 179 86

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 4,367 4,509 3,909 5,023 4,093 6,317 6,323 4,314 7,452 6,089

 Washington 7,524 8,382 5,753 3,770 2,319 11,576 10,187 7,495 5,345 3,806

 Total 11,891 12,891 9,662 8,793 6,412 17,893 16,510 11,809 12,797 9,895

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 4,139 3,311 1,206 896 714 10,368 8,269 3,342 2,189 2,113

 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 625 625 583 395 395

 Total 4,139 3,311 1,206 896 714 10,993 8,894 3,925 2,584 2,508

Pacific Coast total: 16,030 16,202 10,868 9,689 7,126 31,346 29,802 15,988 15,560 12,489

United States: 95,943 97,655 82,987 63,709 54,455 718,728 572,427 442,474 365,479 345,545

a

 Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and 

earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

Nonindustrial privatea

Forest Industry

173
176

Table B3—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

and and Other and and Other

Subregion slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern softand State Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast: 

 Connecticut 1,554 0 0 12 662 0 0 869 0 11

 Delaware 512 0 438 73 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Maine 29,858 0 0 89 8,359 0 12,998 3,878 0 4,534

 Maryland 2,260 0 1,404 641 96 0 3 84 15 16

 Massachusetts 5,582 0 0 182 4,160 0 196 1,024 0 20

 New Hampshire 12,665 0 0 121 7,736 0 2,227 2,534 0 47

 New Jersey 1,118 0 76 765 81 0 0 39 0 156

 New York 18,144 0 0 265 8,870 35 1,564 6,243 0 1,167

 Pennsylvania 7,190 0 0 664 2,658 0 31 3,731 0 107

 Rhode Island 125 0 0 15 108 0 0 0 0 2

 Vermont 8,686 0 0 0 3,070 0 2,695 2,687 0 234

 West Virginia 3,869 0 34 1,263 841 0 721 1,006 0 4

 Total 91,564 0 1,952 4,092 36,641 35 20,434 22,095 15 6,299 

North Central: 

 Illinois 338 0 176 4 84 0 0 0 49 24

 Indiana 1,005 0 161 356 333 19 0 0 16 120

 Iowa 33 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 32

 Michigan 22,783 0 0 176 8,796 1,479 3,961 3,168 0 5,202

 Minnesota 12,411 0 0 8 3,834 1,719 3,754 0 0 3,096

 Missouri 2,754 0 2,207 4 54 0 0 0 46 444

 Ohio 1,050 0 23 447 512 0 0 46 0 22

 Wisconsin 14,691 0 0 17 7,754 944 1,873 1,897 0 2,205

 Total 55,064 0 2,567 1,014 21,369 4,161 9,588 5,110 111 11,145 

Southeast: 

 Florida 28,312 15,309 3,605 1,817 0 0 0 0 7,074 506

 Georgia 53,244 13,756 32,102 2,855 1,600 0 0 45 2,780 107

 North Carolina 44,048 2,063 28,112 7,115 3,331 0 66 986 2,067 307

 South Carolina 29,382 3,384 21,906 1,828 233 0 0 62 1,827 142

 Virginia 19,881 0 10,461 5,500 2,815 0 14 685 268 137

 Total 174,866 34,512 96,186 19,115 7,979 0 80 1,779 14,016 1,200 

South Central: 

 Alabama 42,814 7,591 31,552 2,707 16 0 0 18 721 208

 Arkansas 39,484 0 37,921 0 0 0 0 0 1,152 411

 Kentucky 2,751 0 770 1,427 69 0 0 214 11 260

 Louisiana 44,944 5,437 32,353 522 0 0 0 0 6,620 12

 Mississippi 39,338 5,464 31,785 842 0 0 0 0 1,063 185

 Oklahoma 4,239 0 4,120 0 0 0 0 0 12 108

 Tennessee 9,614 0 3,510 3,545 1,187 0 0 590 414 369

 Texas 35,133 1,276 33,213 0 0 0 0 0 495 149

 Total 218,316 19,768 175,223 9,042 1,272 0 0 822 10,488 1,702 

East Total: 539,809 54,279 275,928 33,262 67,261 4,196 30,102 29,806 24,629 20,346

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by 

 State in other tables because of rounding.

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule
Table B4—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Select Select Other Other 

Subregion white red white red Yellow Hard Soft

and State Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

 Northeast: 

 Connecticut 5,964 517 1,480 90 799 300 68 262 1,290 114

 Delaware 1,288 213 46 20 235 19 0 0 227 36

 Maine 17,107 25 1,100 0 39 0 2,279 4,434 3,538 1,542

 Maryland 11,139 1,216 975 693 1,645 352 10 130 1,241 522

 Massachusetts 6,340 235 1,421 8 598 76 200 427 1,718 247

 New Hampshire 10,516 187 2,109 7 203 49 1,025 1,761 2,021 968

 New Jersey 4,653 463 511 355 707 117 5 105 450 115

 New York 43,623 900 4,049 671 697 1,079 1,449 9,969 8,545 3,338

 Pennsylvania 59,357 3,699 8,638 3,646 3,858 1,464 417 5,264 9,880 3,248

 Rhode Island 683 74 170 0 193 3 1 2 118 30

 Vermont 14,262 60 948 58 6 58 1,157 5,231 2,283 1,239

 West Virginia 54,570 5,211 6,017 4,980 5,621 3,131 345 2,751 3,239 3,027

 Total 229,502 12,799 27,463 10,528 14,599 6,649 6,955 30,336 34,551 14,426 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 17,157 3,852 1,402 488 3,091 1,558 0 533 1,233 55

 Indiana 25,243 3,230 1,700 651 2,649 2,675 0 2,218 1,072 666

 Iowa 5,758 1,239 810 3 342 329 0 168 584 0

 Michigan 48,422 2,663 5,519 0 1,324 450 1,479 9,330 7,733 1,679

 Minnesota 22,854 1,829 2,644 0 125 50 75 815 506 0

 Missouri 23,118 6,680 1,387 1,797 7,452 1,835 0 140 409 2

 Ohio 29,402 3,406 2,044 1,075 2,413 2,529 1 2,226 2,482 1,645

 Wisconsin 33,416 2,998 5,998 0 1,932 410 709 5,052 3,371 175

 Total 205,370 25,897 21,503 4,014 19,327 9,837 2,265 20,482 17,390 4,223 

 Southeast: 

 Florida 16,976 105 6 1,979 4,480 448 0 44 1,162 25

 Georgia 51,236 4,993 1,481 3,728 13,815 2,411 0 46 2,194 264

 North Carolina 62,541 6,821 3,899 4,688 8,249 2,817 186 519 4,709 1,048

 South Carolina 25,874 2,307 833 973 5,315 1,118 0 15 1,404 106

 Virginia 60,371 8,931 5,518 7,347 8,070 3,534 50 685 3,187 1,622

 Total 216,997 23,157 11,737 18,716 39,930 10,327 235 1,310 12,657 3,065 

 South Central: 

 Alabama 33,362 3,488 1,490 2,338 8,197 3,260 0 69 388 388

 Arkansas 37,476 5,700 4,044 3,473 9,228 3,170 0 128 240 277

 Kentucky 42,877 6,336 2,785 3,787 6,393 4,338 1 1,944 1,694 2,825

 Louisiana 30,581 1,518 1,568 1,667 7,893 2,121 0 19 414 724

 Mississippi 37,851 3,575 3,131 1,787 9,826 2,874 0 38 249 562

 Oklahoma 5,946 402 605 913 1,140 722 0 8 95 0

 Tennessee 43,957 6,662 3,296 4,894 7,142 4,544 11 1,359 1,315 1,193

 Texas 15,578 1,171 998 1,998 5,509 622 0 14 51 163

 Total 247,628 28,851 17,917 20,857 55,330 21,651 12 3,579 4,447 6,131 

East total: 899,497 90,704 78,620 54,115 129,186 48,463 9,467 55,706 69,045 27,845

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

175
176

Table B4—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other

and wood eastern

Subregion black Yellow- and Black Black hardand State Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

 Northeast: 

 Connecticut 0 18 350 0 185 39 0 39 413

 Delaware 216 50 26 0 153 1 4 39 5

 Maine 0 0 668 90 0 2,291 0 43 1,058

 Maryland 765 305 207 38 2,337 17 52 162 472

 Massachusetts 0 18 533 8 17 138 0 367 329

 New Hampshire 0 0 704 50 0 527 0 97 809

 New Jersey 326 74 379 27 686 16 44 14 259

 New York 0 17 3,317 1,588 253 2,434 84 3,407 1,827

 Pennsylvania 34 228 3,247 887 3,318 1,091 251 7,204 2,983

 Rhode Island 0 7 73 003009

 Vermont 0 0 992 106 0 771 0 247 1,106

 West Virginia 13 486 1,244 1,904 10,548 112 308 2,225 3,408

 Total 1,354 1,204 11,740 4,698 17,497 7,440 743 13,843 12,679 

 North Central: 

 Illinois 155 99 783 207 219 712 368 233 2,168

 Indiana 272 137 1,755 262 3,360 1,004 639 424 2,530

 Iowa 0 0 163 409 0 763 223 53 673

 Michigan 0 11 2,695 2,518 163 9,555 161 1,088 2,053

 Minnesota 0 0 1,463 1,842 0 10,896 47 28 2,535

 Missouri 17 129 386 58 17 707 399 39 1,663

 Ohio 31 131 2,249 430 2,958 769 509 1,740 2,765

 Wisconsin 0 0 1,937 3,022 0 5,671 164 345 1,631

 Total 476 509 11,429 8,748 6,717 30,077 2,510 3,950 16,017 

 Southeast: 

 Florida 1,657 3,591 841 45 292 0 0 30 2,270

 Georgia 6,555 4,319 1,030 37 8,247 36 55 88 1,937

 North Carolina 5,788 5,809 1,364 433 12,725 87 114 164 3,121

 South Carolina 4,620 4,057 795 13 3,005 258 19 9 1,027

 Virginia 2,357 1,069 950 580 13,292 5 302 219 2,654

 Total 20,977 18,845 4,980 1,109 37,560 385 490 509 11,009 

 South Central: 

 Alabama 4,180 2,504 789 112 3,799 69 22 62 2,206

 Arkansas 4,591 1,360 992 83 65 801 75 108 3,140

 Kentucky 518 542 1,386 371 6,414 281 362 223 2,677

 Louisiana 5,301 2,892 1,295 18 264 602 7 48 4,230

 Mississippi 5,403 1,917 1,204 76 2,364 597 30 171 4,047

 Oklahoma 100 60 313 1 0 499 109 17 960

 Tennessee 1,784 722 1,246 256 6,683 187 244 187 2,232

 Texas 2,696 711 469 5 0 119 9 11 1,034

 Total 24,573 10,708 7,695 922 19,588 3,156 858 827 20,526

East total: 47,379 31,265 35,843 15,476 81,360 41,059 4,602 19,129 60,231

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume 

 by State in other tables because of rounding.

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule
Table B5—Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Ponderosa

Total and Western

Subregion All soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka

and State species woods fir pines fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 4,394 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Nebraska 3,361 811 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 North Dakota 825 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 South Dakota 5,318 4,779 0 3,700 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 13,897 5,626 0 3,700 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 27,152 25,990 2,727 20,313 1,203 0 0 0 0 0

 Colorado 64,059 56,422 7,683 6,525 8,512 0 0 0 0 0

 Idaho 165,746 164,581 56,771 17,700 34,049 3,894 0 2,016 0 0

 Montana 133,165 131,841 45,069 13,209 10,738 798 0 583 0 0

 Nevada 1,662 1,614 0 542 619 0 3,823 512 0 0

 New Mexico 22,136 20,668 3,686 11,861 2,685 0 0 0 0 0

 Utah 26,162 23,596 6,602 2,225 5,405 0 0 0 0 0

 Wyoming 27,388 26,705 4,596 4,265 2,689 0 1 7 0 0

 Total 467,471 451,416 127,135 76,641 65,901 4,692 3,824 3,118 0 0

 Alaska:

 Alaska 146,786 140,562 0 0 10 54,401 0 0 0 46,797

 Total 146,786 140,562 0 0 10 54,401 0 0 0 46,797

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 483,976 462,676 281,509 44,947 49,878 37,086 7,557 1,642 193 1,950

 Washington 360,348 334,484 148,341 18,690 43,487 77,154 1 713 0 385

 Total 844,325 797,160 429,850 63,637 93,365 114,239 7,558 2,355 193 2,335

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 319,546 297,093 83,771 59,645 79,662 158 19,875 1,827 27,470 0

 Hawaii 1,195 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 Total 320,742 297,111 83,771 59,645 79,662 158 19,875 1,827 27,470 0

 

West total: 1,793,220 1,691,875 640,756 203,624 238,938 173,490 31,257 7,299 27,663 49,131

Softwoods

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

177
178

Table B5—(continued).

Engelmann Other Cotton- Other

and western Total wood western

Subregion other Western Incense- Lodgepole Western soft- hard- and Red hardand State spruces larch cedar pine redcedara woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

 Great Plains: 

 Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 31 4,363 0 0 0 4,363

 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 811 2,550 0 0 0 2,550

 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 5 820 0 0 0 820

 South Dakota 135 0 0 0 0 943 539 3 0 0 535

 Total 135 0 0 0 0 1,790 8,271 3 0 0 8,268

 Intermountain:

 Arizona 1,280 0 0 0 0 467 1,162 1,162 0 0 0

 Colorado 23,596 0 0 9,873 0 232 7,637 7,637 0 0 0

 Idaho 13,403 6,912 0 16,566 8,222 5,047 1,165 1,029 0 0 135

 Montana 15,851 10,625 0 28,405 1,251 5,313 1,323 1,283 0 0 40

 Nevada 117 0 14 215 0 71 49 49 0 0 0

 New Mexico 1,422 0 0 0 0 1,014 1,468 1,110 0 0 359

 Utah 7,017 0 0 1,964 0 383 2,566 2,566 0 0 0

 Wyoming 6,354 0 0 7,282 0 1,510 683 675 0 0 8

 Total 69,041 17,537 14 64,305 9,473 14,037 16,054 15,512 0 0 542

 Alaska:

 Alaska 17,680 0 0 139 5,269 14,734 6,224 4,220 83 0 1,921

 Total 17,680 0 0 139 5,269 14,734 6,224 4,220 83 0 1,921

 Pacific Northwest:

 Oregon 7,343 4,310 3,971 7,360 9,179 8,758 21,300 510 11,620 766 8,406

 Washington 8,668 7,381 0 5,278 19,462 4,920 25,864 3,236 16,716 43 5,869

 Total 16,011 11,691 3,971 12,638 28,640 13,678 47,165 3,745 28,336 809 14,275

 Pacific Southwest:

 California 216 0 15,582 5,468 6 3,413 22,453 158 586 10,372 11,337

 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 18 1,178 0 0 0 1,178

 Total 216 0 15,582 5,468 6 3,431 23,631 158 586 10,372 12,515

West total: 103,082 29,228 19,567 82,551 43,388 47,670 101,345 23,639 29,004 11,181 37,521

a Western redcedar volume may be included in other western softwood volume.

 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other 

 tables because of rounding.

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

Softwoods - continued Hardwoods
Table B6—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and

 subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North:

 Northeast 1997 91,564 17,268 18,784 16,359 12,619 8,573 5,928 9,825 2,207

 1987 81,092 19,896 19,080 14,081 10,052 6,523 4,165 6,161 1,134

 1977 60,895 18,068 14,356 10,086 7,103 4,391 2,729 3,533 629

 1963 45,957 13,557 10,485 7,619 5,289 3,249 2,289 3,084 386

 1953 40,587 10,676 9,154 6,897 4,856 3,036 2,352 3,204 409

 North Central 1997 55,064 16,081 11,857 8,119 5,598 4,195 3,018 5,128 1,068

 1987 45,255 14,341 10,230 6,849 4,685 3,363 2,256 3,125 409

 1977 34,369 10,212 7,143 5,031 3,900 2,881 1,897 2,915 390

 1963 22,209 6,231 4,627 3,165 2,514 1,912 1,388 2,043 329

 1953 16,261 4,586 3,582 2,354 1,666 1,341 857 1,658 219

North total: 1997 146,628 33,349 30,641 24,479 18,218 12,767 8,946 14,953 3,275

1987 126,347 34,237 29,310 20,930 14,737 9,886 6,421 9,286 1,543

1977 95,264 28,280 21,499 15,117 11,003 7,272 4,626 6,448 1,019

 1963 68,166 19,788 15,112 10,784 7,803 5,161 3,677 5,127 715

 1953 56,848 15,262 12,736 9,251 6,522 4,377 3,209 4,862 628

South:

 Southeast 1997 174,866 33,092 36,012 32,857 26,341 17,924 11,676 14,915 2,050

 1987 177,272 36,138 39,940 34,974 25,362 17,126 10,140 11,945 1,647

 1977 159,734 35,779 37,972 31,968 23,083 13,671 7,787 8,425 1,049

 1963 123,591 30,256 32,339 24,228 15,823 9,526 5,227 5,478 714

 1953 109,399 27,484 29,291 20,984 13,321 7,837 4,368 5,398 716

 South Central 1997 218,316 34,236 43,066 42,324 35,429 24,560 16,016 20,376 2,309

 1987 211,053 36,901 44,042 40,082 32,529 22,780 14,649 18,128 1,935

 1977 194,183 36,444 42,406 37,239 29,436 20,255 12,576 14,413 1,414

 1963 133,171 24,675 29,280 25,629 21,095 14,119 8,627 9,005 740

 1953 94,817 18,409 21,534 18,888 14,628 9,668 5,329 5,614 747

South total: 1997 393,181 67,328 79,078 75,181 61,769 42,484 27,692 35,291 4,359

1987 388,325 73,039 83,982 75,056 57,891 39,906 24,789 30,073 3,582

1977 353,917 72,223 80,378 69,207 52,519 33,926 20,363 22,838 2,463

 1963 256,762 54,931 61,619 49,857 36,918 23,645 13,854 14,483 1,454

 1953 204,216 45,893 50,825 39,872 27,949 17,505 9,697 11,012 1,463

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 5,626 955 1,269 1,156 860 603 378 392 13

 1987 6,807 1,026 1,456 1,404 1,157 902 454 400 13

 1977 6,282 900 1,341 1,308 1,058 752 500 412 11

 1963 5,733 659 993 1,019 996 785 613 638 30

 1953 5,348 526 837 862 935 771 650 719 47

Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule 

179
180

Table B6—(continued).

 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

 Intermountain 1997 451,416 64,619 72,799 64,942 55,307 45,158 35,559 79,767 33,265

 1987 386,904 51,532 59,459 54,022 46,693 38,224 30,403 73,135 33,443

 1977 374,783 52,803 53,620 49,239 42,558 36,844 30,802 75,495 33,422

 1963 384,544 51,048 49,039 48,298 45,376 40,008 34,260 84,305 32,206

 1953 375,750 44,422 43,528 43,906 42,016 38,032 33,317 86,882 43,648

Rocky Mountain total: 1997 457,042 65,574 74,068 66,099 56,168 45,761 35,937 80,159 33,278

1987 393,711 52,557 60,914 55,425 47,849 39,125 30,856 73,534 33,455

1977 381,065 53,703 54,961 50,547 43,616 37,596 31,302 75,907 33,433

 1963 390,277 51,707 50,032 49,317 46,372 40,793 34,873 84,943 32,236

 1953 381,098 44,948 44,365 44,768 42,951 38,803 33,967 87,601 43,695

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska 1997 140,562 7,213 9,287 10,025 9,877 9,776 10,109 35,788 48,487

 1987 168,317 7,388 12,340 12,544 12,910 13,446 12,401 45,096 52,192

 1977 216,046 10,018 14,418 17,995 19,622 17,841 16,668 57,431 62,053

 1963 223,734 8,913 13,267 16,884 19,127 18,274 17,486 61,031 68,758

 1953 224,187 8,243 12,515 16,062 18,599 18,191 17,563 62,023 70,991

 Pacific Northwest 1997 797,160 41,003 55,685 60,103 61,818 59,947 56,633 177,872 284,100

 1987 703,749 47,843 57,523 58,870 57,650 54,227 49,211 149,706 228,718

 1977 727,486 35,281 41,555 45,127 48,141 49,312 47,230 167,605 293,235

 1963 830,312 38,118 37,251 42,498 46,925 48,752 48,625 181,730 386,413

 1953 891,687 41,574 33,340 36,587 44,102 45,182 47,751 188,686 454,465

 Pacific Southwest 1997 297,111 8,002 11,757 14,187 17,355 18,579 19,588 73,865 133,777

 1987 289,193 10,000 12,830 14,853 16,628 17,848 17,094 67,481 132,455

 1977 255,611 4,975 7,199 10,030 11,616 12,710 13,696 57,931 137,454

 1963 299,263 5,803 5,498 8,298 9,962 10,773 11,970 57,523 189,436

 1953 337,814 6,652 5,106 7,796 9,424 10,416 11,750 59,675 226,995

Pacific Coast total: 1997 1,234,833 56,218 76,729 84,316 89,050 88,302 86,330 287,524 466,364

1987 1,161,259 65,231 82,693 86,267 87,188 85,521 78,706 262,283 413,365

1977 1,199,143 50,274 63,172 73,152 79,379 79,863 77,594 282,967 492,742

 1963 1,353,309 52,834 56,016 67,680 76,014 77,799 78,081 300,284 644,607

 1953 1,453,329 56,469 50,961 60,445 72,125 73,789 77,064 310,384 752,451

United States: 1997 2,231,685 222,469 260,515 250,074 225,204 189,314 158,905 417,927 507,276

 1987 2,069,642 225,064 256,899 237,678 207,665 174,438 140,772 375,176 451,945

 1977 2,029,389 204,479 220,010 208,023 186,515 158,657 133,885 388,160 529,655

 1963 2,068,514 179,260 182,780 177,637 167,108 147,398 130,486 404,837 679,012

 1953 2,095,491 162,573 158,886 154,335 149,548 134,475 123,937 413,858 798,237

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total volume by State

in other tables because of rounding.

Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule 
Table B7—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997,

 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North:

 Northeast 1997 229,502 53,836 50,051 39,671 28,190 19,676 30,626 7,452

 1987 170,582 44,276 39,224 29,680 20,906 13,252 19,436 3,808

 1977 116,577 32,247 27,697 20,298 13,688 8,863 11,974 1,807

 1963 92,851 24,128 21,040 15,778 11,384 7,736 11,108 1,677

 1953 84,024 19,480 17,700 14,443 10,744 7,390 12,404 1,861

 North Central 1997 205,370 48,393 44,138 35,249 25,542 17,040 28,508 6,500

 1987 161,833 42,398 34,939 27,336 19,457 12,990 19,792 4,928

 1977 128,138 36,948 30,161 21,716 14,576 9,224 12,950 2,562

 1963 98,112 26,667 21,591 16,302 11,149 7,632 12,444 2,327

 1953 81,048 19,630 17,216 13,217 9,726 6,739 12,024 2,498

North total: 1997 434,872 102,229 94,189 74,921 53,732 36,716 59,134 13,951

1987 332,415 86,674 74,163 57,016 40,363 26,242 39,228 8,736

1977 244,715 69,195 57,858 42,014 28,264 18,087 24,924 4,369

 1963 190,963 50,795 42,361 32,080 22,533 15,368 23,552 4,004

 1953 165,072 39,110 34,916 27,660 20,470 14,129 24,428 4,359

South:

 Southeast 1997 216,997 35,214 39,667 37,784 31,086 23,775 40,008 9,463

 1987 199,504 35,720 38,827 35,511 28,409 19,854 33,283 7,900

 1977 163,703 32,052 34,352 29,693 22,370 15,040 24,784 5,412

 1963 126,981 25,343 27,099 22,136 17,310 11,916 19,304 3,873

 1953 115,336 22,182 24,619 19,664 15,898 11,006 18,247 3,720

 South Central 1997 247,628 43,891 49,239 43,521 34,789 25,436 41,749 9,004

 1987 193,571 39,608 41,492 35,432 26,267 17,771 27,874 5,120

 1977 160,163 33,790 35,163 30,036 21,510 14,088 21,502 4,074

 1963 133,625 29,541 29,409 23,558 17,075 11,862 18,920 3,260

 1953 133,947 28,243 28,650 23,757 17,873 12,159 19,931 3,335

South total: 1997 464,625 79,104 88,906 81,305 65,875 49,210 81,757 18,467

1987 393,075 75,328 80,319 70,943 54,676 37,625 61,157 13,020

1977 323,866 65,842 69,515 59,729 43,880 29,128 46,286 9,486

 1963 260,606 54,884 56,508 45,694 34,385 23,778 38,224 7,133

 1953 249,283 50,425 53,269 43,421 33,771 23,165 38,178 7,055

Rocky Mountain:

 Great Plains 1997 8,271 1,059 1,096 1,007 907 762 2,149 1,293

 1987 4,935 725 701 620 521 445 1,133 795

 1977 4,047 599 621 576 465 410 1,268 105

 1963 3,597 459 496 489 417 386 1,242 107

 1953 3,502 392 531 543 483 400 1,044 110

Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

181
182

Table B7—(continued).

11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0

Region to to to to to to

and subregion Year Total 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

 Intermountain 1997 16,054 6,266 3,962 2,500 1,288 757 943 340

 1987 12,292 4,586 3,069 1,778 937 697 854 369

 1977 9,774 3,662 2,383 1,471 940 521 706 88

 1963 9,623 3,356 2,352 1,496 933 569 805 111

 1953 8,975 2,981 2,155 1,391 894 559 817 176

Rocky Mountain total: 1997 24,325 7,324 5,057 3,507 2,195 1,519 3,092 1,632

1987 17,227 5,311 3,770 2,398 1,458 1,142 1,989 1,164

1977 13,821 4,261 3,004 2,047 1,405 931 1,974 193

 1963 13,220 3,815 2,848 1,985 1,350 955 2,047 218

 1953 12,477 3,373 2,686 1,934 1,377 959 1,861 286

Pacific Coast:

 Alaska 1997 6,224 1,306 954 1,258 581 497 1,262 366

 1987 7,827 1,936 1,361 1,500 823 612 1,195 404

 1977 9,883 1,474 1,713 1,570 1,114 862 1,930 1,223

 1963 10,038 1,455 1,700 1,567 1,128 887 2,014 1,287

 1953 10,164 1,447 1,698 1,572 1,140 906 2,072 1,329

 Pacific Northwest 1997 47,165 9,650 8,951 7,931 6,287 4,042 7,666 2,637

 1987 44,161 10,664 9,390 7,401 5,485 3,267 5,910 2,045

 1977 33,982 6,728 6,510 5,308 4,416 3,078 6,066 1,876

 1963 31,474 5,597 5,517 4,502 3,873 2,962 6,408 2,615

 1953 23,742 4,418 4,207 3,127 2,924 2,178 4,797 2,091

 Pacific Southwest 1997 23,631 3,350 3,133 2,584 2,412 2,251 6,224 3,678

 1987 23,970 3,007 3,024 2,996 2,699 2,116 6,429 3,698

 1977 9,105 977 1,050 1,102 938 970 2,564 1,504

 1963 6,447 575 740 709 719 641 1,677 1,386

 1953 6,297 533 680 660 667 607 1,608 1,542

Pacific Coast total: 1997 77,019 14,307 13,038 11,773 9,279 6,790 15,152 6,682

1987 75,958 15,607 13,775 11,897 9,007 5,995 13,534 6,147

1977 52,970 9,179 9,273 7,980 6,468 4,910 10,560 4,603

 1963 47,959 7,627 7,957 6,778 5,720 4,490 10,099 5,288

 1953 40,203 6,398 6,585 5,359 4,731 3,691 8,477 4,962 

United States: 1997 1,000,841 202,964 201,191 171,505 131,080 94,235 159,134 40,732

 1987 818,675 182,920 172,027 142,254 105,504 71,004 115,908 29,067

 1977 635,372 148,477 139,651 111,801 80,017 53,055 83,745 18,654

 1963 512,748 117,121 109,944 86,537 63,988 44,591 73,921 16,643

 1953 467,035 99,306 97,455 78,374 60,348 41,943 72,943 16,662

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total volume by State in other

tables because of rounding.

Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule
Table B8—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

Subregion and and and Other and and Other

diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft-

(in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast:

 9.0 - 10.9 17,268 0 379 1,311 3,600 19 7,035 3,242 0 1,682

 11.0 - 12.9 18,784 0 498 1,207 5,196 12 5,970 4,177 0 1,724

 13.0 - 14.9 16,359 0 424 860 6,018 4 3,530 4,271 1 1,252

 15.0 - 16.9 12,619 0 316 445 5,369 0 2,138 3,492 2 857

 17.0 - 18.9 8,573 0 185 169 4,273 0 965 2,503 7 472

 19.0 - 20.9 5,928 0 85 74 3,593 0 409 1,576 2 188

 21.0 - 28.9 9,825 0 66 25 6,732 0 387 2,491 2 123

 29.0 + 2,207 0 0 0 1,862 0 0 343 2 1

Total 91,564 0 1,952 4,092 36,641 35 20,434 22,095 15 6,299

North Central:

 9.0 - 10.9 16,081 0 809 361 3,973 1,893 4,033 508 1 4,504

 11.0 - 12.9 11,857 0 750 282 3,473 1,281 2,417 658 2 2,993

 13.0 - 14.9 8,119 0 553 158 2,900 625 1,305 768 7 1,803

 15.0 - 16.9 5,598 0 272 125 2,369 241 828 812 12 938

 17.0 - 18.9 4,195 0 109 67 2,185 88 518 723 16 488

 19.0 - 20.9 3,018 0 56 20 1,869 21 261 550 9 232

 21.0 - 28.9 5,128 0 17 0 3,687 12 222 967 41 181

 29.0 + 1,068 0 1 0 912 0 2 126 22 5

Total 55,064 0 2,567 1,014 21,369 4,161 9,588 5,110 111 11,145

Southeast:

 9.0 - 10.9 33,092 7,471 16,561 5,896 634 0 18 130 2,041 341

 11.0 - 12.9 36,012 8,192 18,727 5,393 760 0 32 191 2,469 247

 13.0 - 14.9 32,857 7,506 17,687 3,850 889 0 8 164 2,510 242

 15.0 - 16.9 26,341 5,563 15,475 2,012 1,061 0 15 228 1,850 136

 17.0 - 18.9 17,924 3,129 10,954 1,024 1,027 0 0 230 1,471 90

 19.0 - 20.9 11,676 1,415 7,374 499 1,090 0 0 167 1,059 73

 21.0 - 28.9 14,915 1,219 8,804 425 2,000 0 0 425 1,975 66

 29.0 + 2,050 15 604 15 519 0 8 244 640 4

Total 174,866 34,512 96,186 19,115 7,979 0 80 1,779 14,016 1,200

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule 

183
184

Table B8—(continued).

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

Subregion and and and Other and and Other

diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft-

(in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

South Central:

 9.0 - 10.9 34,236 3,972 26,715 2,202 111 0 0 84 509 644

 11.0 - 12.9 43,066 4,981 34,044 2,308 142 0 0 138 998 455

 13.0 - 14.9 42,324 4,584 33,885 1,762 133 0 0 125 1,516 318

 15.0 - 16.9 35,429 3,139 29,154 985 183 0 0 106 1,723 139

 17.0 - 18.9 24,560 1,701 20,174 650 168 0 0 110 1,677 79

 19.0 - 20.9 16,016 834 13,340 448 158 0 0 76 1,121 39

 21.0 - 28.9 20,376 557 16,537 648 310 0 0 159 2,137 28

 29.0 + 2,309 0 1,374 38 65 0 0 25 807 0

Total 218,316 19,768 175,223 9,042 1,272 0 0 822 10,488 1,702

Easter total:

 9.0 - 10.9 100,677 11,443 44,463 9,770 8,318 1,912 11,087 3,964 2,551 7,170

 11.0 - 12.9 109,719 13,173 54,019 9,191 9,571 1,293 8,419 5,165 3,469 5,419

 13.0 - 14.9 99,659 12,090 52,549 6,630 9,940 628 4,843 5,327 4,035 3,616

 15.0 - 16.9 79,987 8,702 45,216 3,568 8,982 241 2,981 4,639 3,587 2,070

 17.0 - 18.9 55,251 4,830 31,422 1,910 7,652 88 1,483 3,565 3,171 1,130

 19.0 - 20.9 36,638 2,249 20,855 1,041 6,710 21 670 2,369 2,191 533

 21.0 - 28.9 50,244 1,777 25,424 1,098 12,729 12 609 4,041 4,155 398

 29.0 + 7,634 15 1,979 54 3,358 0 10 737 1,471 10

Total 539,809 54,279 275,928 33,262 67,261 4,196 30,102 29,806 24,629 20,346

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ from volume by State in other tables because

of rounding.

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule 
185

Table B9—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Subregion and Select Select Other Other 

diameter class white red white red Yellow Hard Soft

(in inches) Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

Northeast:

 11.0 - 12.9 53,836 2,510 4,769 2,516 2,512 1,851 2,003 7,065 9,881 3,403

 13.0 - 14.9 50,051 2,584 5,057 2,374 2,838 1,723 1,591 6,475 8,309 2,963

 15.0 - 16.9 39,671 2,240 4,621 1,922 2,572 1,209 1,084 5,206 5,642 2,392

 17.0 - 18.9 28,190 1,649 3,803 1,260 1,973 761 784 3,502 3,731 1,954

 19.0 - 20.9 19,676 1,186 2,676 865 1,578 536 486 2,479 2,288 1,360

 21.0 - 28.9 30,626 1,999 5,107 1,357 2,561 500 807 4,455 3,788 2,023

 29.0 + 7,452 631 1,430 235 565 68 200 1,154 911 329

Total 229,502 12,799 27,463 10,528 14,599 6,649 6,955 30,336 34,551 14,426

North Central:

 11.0 - 12.9 48,393 4,454 3,591 1,056 3,884 2,655 489 4,830 4,349 491

 13.0 - 14.9 44,138 4,884 3,873 952 3,974 2,346 468 4,295 3,623 598

 15.0 - 16.9 35,249 4,616 3,519 754 3,530 1,969 452 3,620 2,719 589

 17.0 - 18.9 25,542 3,657 2,914 519 2,530 1,367 295 2,740 2,085 613

 19.0 - 20.9 17,040 2,571 2,210 352 1,816 593 207 1,978 1,364 470

 21.0 - 28.9 28,508 4,559 4,232 354 3,007 852 331 2,742 2,555 1,177

 29.0 + 6,500 1,156 1,163 27 586 54 23 278 696 286

Total 205,370 25,897 21,503 4,014 19,327 9,837 2,265 20,482 17,390 4,223

Southeast:

 11.0 - 12.9 35,214 3,588 1,124 2,706 6,287 1,934 12 197 2,750 405

 13.0 - 14.9 39,667 4,251 1,470 2,982 6,863 2,073 24 229 2,718 470

 15.0 - 16.9 37,784 4,215 1,743 2,723 6,404 1,932 46 257 2,173 545

 17.0 - 18.9 31,086 3,456 1,538 2,624 5,561 1,570 36 201 1,834 508

 19.0 - 20.9 23,775 2,563 1,498 1,964 4,568 1,040 31 138 1,196 331

 21.0 - 28.9 40,008 4,296 3,333 4,112 7,861 1,568 87 220 1,721 679

 29.0 + 9,463 788 1,030 1,605 2,387 209 0 68 266 126

Total 216,997 23,157 11,737 18,716 39,930 10,327 235 1,310 12,657 3,065

South Central:

 11.0 - 12.9 43,891 5,514 2,142 4,180 8,080 5,222 0 806 1,007 473

 13.0 - 14.9 49,239 6,019 2,741 4,262 10,168 5,003 3 855 925 714

 15.0 - 16.9 43,521 5,300 2,578 3,713 9,308 3,975 0 624 787 764

 17.0 - 18.9 34,789 4,356 2,507 2,661 8,041 2,678 0 491 498 912

 19.0 - 20.9 25,436 2,827 2,199 2,002 6,167 1,780 0 367 447 783

 21.0 - 28.9 41,749 4,226 4,467 3,313 10,828 2,470 7 381 656 1,989

 29.0 + 9,004 608 1,284 725 2,738 523 1 55 127 497

Total 247,628 28,851 17,917 20,857 55,330 21,651 12 3,579 4,447 6,131

East total:

 11.0 - 12.9 181,333 16,066 11,626 10,458 20,763 11,662 2,503 12,898 17,987 4,773

 13.0 - 14.9 183,095 17,737 13,142 10,570 23,843 11,146 2,087 11,853 15,576 4,744

 15.0 - 16.9 156,226 16,372 12,461 9,113 21,814 9,086 1,582 9,707 11,322 4,291

 17.0 - 18.9 119,607 13,118 10,761 7,063 18,104 6,376 1,115 6,934 8,147 3,986

 19.0 - 20.9 85,927 9,148 8,583 5,183 14,128 3,949 724 4,962 5,295 2,945

 21.0 - 28.9 140,891 15,081 17,139 9,135 24,257 5,391 1,232 7,798 8,719 5,868

 29.0 + 32,418 3,183 4,907 2,592 6,276 854 224 1,555 1,999 1,238

Total 899,497 90,704 78,620 54,115 129,186 48,463 9,467 55,706 69,045 27,845

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule 
186

Table B9—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other

Subregion and and wood eastern

diameter class black Yellow- and Black Black hard-

(in inches) Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

Northeast:

 11.0 - 12.9 281 271 3,114 985 2,365 2,877 182 2,929 4,321

 13.0 - 14.9 374 253 2,828 1,125 2,989 2,175 212 3,042 3,138

 15.0 - 16.9 250 253 2,138 949 3,243 1,233 145 2,614 1,957

 17.0 - 18.9 182 128 1,314 587 2,859 463 85 1,922 1,232

 19.0 - 20.9 102 110 917 474 2,203 359 55 1,312 690

 21.0 - 28.9 141 178 1,081 495 3,120 236 56 1,699 1,022

 29.0 + 22 10 347 82 718 97 7 326 320

Total 1,354 1,204 11,740 4,698 17,497 7,440 743 13,843 12,679

North Central:

 11.0 - 12.9 105 92 2,972 2,484 850 9,764 686 1,073 4,569

 13.0 - 14.9 104 139 2,650 2,119 1,051 7,936 683 985 3,458

 15.0 - 16.9 93 92 1,959 1,575 1,187 5,097 468 704 2,303

 17.0 - 18.9 68 73 1,433 993 1,023 2,649 351 500 1,733

 19.0 - 20.9 44 32 973 622 915 1,286 179 291 1,137

 21.0 - 28.9 62 67 1,236 862 1,539 2,288 143 359 2,144

 29.0 + 0 14 205 92 151 1,057 0 38 673

Total 476 509 11,429 8,748 6,717 30,077 2,510 3,950 16,017

Southeast:

 11.0 - 12.9 4,173 3,785 854 179 4,587 19 124 139 2,352

 13.0 - 14.9 4,750 4,172 920 214 6,018 36 112 109 2,256

 15.0 - 16.9 3,809 3,609 911 247 7,026 38 94 70 1,941

 17.0 - 18.9 2,818 2,590 665 143 6,010 34 35 88 1,377

 19.0 - 20.9 1,969 1,721 597 142 4,919 28 65 31 973

 21.0 - 28.9 3,053 2,323 872 127 7,775 119 51 59 1,751

 29.0 + 404 646 160 57 1,225 111 8 14 359

Total 20,977 18,845 4,980 1,109 37,560 385 490 509 11,009

South Central:

 11.0 - 12.9 5,172 2,219 1,444 193 2,858 142 221 209 4,008

 13.0 - 14.9 5,699 2,639 1,505 187 3,794 181 215 177 4,153

 15.0 - 16.9 4,788 2,248 1,452 169 3,909 242 169 186 3,307

 17.0 - 18.9 3,221 1,622 1,163 115 3,197 291 111 137 2,790

 19.0 - 20.9 2,307 806 812 98 2,328 380 63 47 2,021

 21.0 - 28.9 2,998 1,068 1,172 141 3,119 1,166 76 54 3,620

 29.0 + 388 106 147 19 383 755 3 16 628

Total 24,573 10,708 7,695 922 19,588 3,156 858 827 20,526

East total:

 11.0 - 12.9 9,730 6,367 8,384 3,840 10,659 12,802 1,214 4,350 15,249

 13.0 - 14.9 10,928 7,202 7,904 3,645 13,852 10,328 1,222 4,313 13,004

 15.0 - 16.9 8,941 6,203 6,460 2,940 15,365 6,611 876 3,574 9,509

 17.0 - 18.9 6,290 4,413 4,575 1,839 13,089 3,437 583 2,647 7,131

 19.0 - 20.9 4,423 2,669 3,300 1,336 10,365 2,053 363 1,681 4,821

 21.0 - 28.9 6,254 3,636 4,362 1,626 15,553 3,808 326 2,170 8,536

 29.0 + 814 776 859 250 2,477 2,020 18 394 1,981

Total 47,379 31,265 35,843 15,476 81,360 41,059 4,602 19,129 60,231

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ from volume by State in other tables because

of rounding.

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule 
Table B10—Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Ponderosa

Subregion and Total and Western 

diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka

(in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Great Plains:

 9.0 - 10.9 955 955 0 569 0 0 0000

 11.0 - 12.9 2,328 1,269 0 867 0 0 0000

 13.0 - 14.9 2,252 1,156 0 806 0 0 0000

 15.0 - 16.9 1,867 860 0 553 0 0 0000

 17.0 - 18.9 1,510 603 0 363 0 0 0000

 19.0 - 20.9 1,139 378 0 248 0 0 0000

 21.0 - 28.9 2,541 392 0 280 0 0 0000

 29.0 + 1,305 13 0 13 0 0 0000

Total 13,897 5,626 0 3,700 0 0 0000

Intermountain:

 9.0 - 10.9 64,619 64,619 11,619 5,833 10,266 437 32 157 0 0

 11.0 - 12.9 79,065 72,799 16,666 8,098 12,204 746 60 282 0 0

 13.0 - 14.9 68,904 64,942 17,857 9,710 10,604 719 77 498 0 0

 15.0 - 16.9 57,807 55,307 17,364 9,136 8,765 558 139 413 0 0

 17.0 - 18.9 46,445 45,158 15,046 8,332 6,767 496 140 277 0 0

 19.0 - 20.9 36,316 35,559 12,014 6,949 4,961 476 179 256 0 0

 21.0 - 28.9 80,710 79,767 26,402 18,813 8,818 921 715 693 0 0

 29.0 + 33,604 33,265 10,167 9,769 3,516 338 2,482 544 0 0

Total 467,471 451,416 127,135 76,641 65,901 4,692 3,824 3,118 0 0

Alaska:

 9.0 - 10.9 7,213 7,213 0 0 0 1,229 0 0 0 681

 11.0 - 12.9 10,593 9,287 0 0 0 2,229 0 0 0 1,195

 13.0 - 14.9 10,979 10,025 0 0 10 2,955 0 0 0 1,760

 15.0 - 16.9 11,135 9,877 0 0 0 3,293 0 0 0 2,045

 17.0 - 18.9 10,357 9,776 0 0 0 3,723 0 0 0 2,669

 19.0 - 20.9 10,606 10,109 0 0 0 4,565 0 0 0 2,934

 21.0 - 28.9 37,050 35,788 0 0 0 17,221 0 0 0 11,360

 29.0 + 48,853 48,487 0 0 0 19,187 0 0 0 24,152

Total 146,786 140,562 0 0 10 54,401 0 0 0 46,797

 

Softwoods

Million board feet

187
188

Table B10—(continued).

Ponderosa

Subregion and Total and Western 

diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka

(in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Pacific Northwest:

 9.0 - 10.9 41,003 41,003 16,782 3,595 5,192 7,547 66 166 3 26

 11.0 - 12.9 65,335 55,685 23,916 4,904 7,406 10,773 110 183 3 58

 13.0 - 14.9 69,055 60,103 27,879 5,467 7,647 10,862 113 158 10 59

 15.0 - 16.9 69,749 61,818 30,314 5,351 7,802 10,862 153 203 7 68

 17.0 - 18.9 66,233 59,947 29,714 5,087 8,003 10,045 159 210 16 61

 19.0 - 20.9 60,675 56,633 28,959 5,006 7,796 8,474 247 183 25 62

 21.0 - 28.9 185,537 177,872 92,158 17,663 24,069 24,720 1,225 636 34 271

 29.0 + 286,738 284,100 180,128 16,563 25,450 30,957 5,486 616 96 1,729

Total 844,325 797,160 429,850 63,637 93,365 114,239 7,558 2,355 193 2,335

Pacific Southwest:

 9.0 - 10.9 8,002 8,002 2,700 1,506 2,291 13 219 30 525 0

 11.0 - 12.9 15,107 11,757 3,195 2,511 3,739 23 267 60 799 0

 13.0 - 14.9 17,320 14,187 3,659 3,224 4,287 0 414 52 1,086 0

 15.0 - 16.9 19,939 17,355 4,267 3,967 5,230 31 497 60 1,636 0

 17.0 - 18.9 20,990 18,579 4,290 4,268 5,749 16 713 98 1,627 0

 19.0 - 20.9 21,839 19,588 4,300 4,648 5,706 0 938 80 2,172 0

 21.0 - 28.9 80,089 73,865 17,130 16,924 20,322 42 4,447 513 7,984 0

 29.0 + 137,455 133,777 44,230 22,596 32,338 33 12,381 932 11,640 0

Total 320,742 297,111 83,771 59,645 79,662 158 19,875 1,827 27,470 0

West total:

 9.0 - 10.9 121,792 121,792 31,101 11,504 17,750 9,225 317 354 528 707

 11.0 - 12.9 172,428 150,797 43,777 16,380 23,349 13,771 437 525 802 1,254

 13.0 - 14.9 168,510 150,415 49,395 19,207 22,547 14,536 604 707 1,097 1,819

 15.0 - 16.9 160,497 145,217 51,944 19,007 21,798 14,744 789 676 1,643 2,114

 17.0 - 18.9 145,536 134,063 49,050 18,050 20,519 14,280 1,012 584 1,643 2,729

 19.0 - 20.9 130,575 122,267 45,273 16,852 18,463 13,515 1,364 519 2,197 2,996

 21.0 - 28.9 385,927 367,683 135,690 53,681 53,209 42,903 6,386 1,842 8,018 11,631

 29.0 + 507,956 499,642 234,524 48,942 61,304 50,515 20,349 2,092 11,736 25,881

Total 1,793,220 1,691,875 640,756 203,624 238,938 173,490 31,257 7,299 27,663 49,131

Softwoods

Million board feet
Table B10—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other

diameter class other Western Incense pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard-

(in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Great Plains:

 9.0 - 10.9 24 0 0 0 0 362 0000 0

 11.0 - 12.9 27 0 0 0 0 375 1,059 3 0 0 1,055

 13.0 - 14.9 21 0 0 0 0 328 1,096 0 0 0 1,095

 15.0 - 16.9 31 0 0 0 0 276 1,007 0 0 0 1,007

 17.0 - 18.9 15 0 0 0 0 225 907 0 0 0 907

 19.0 - 20.9 12 0 0 0 0 117 762 0 0 0 762

 21.0 - 28.9 5 0 0 0 0 107 2,149 0 0 0 2,149

 29.0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,293 0 0 0 1,293

Total 135 0 0 0 0 1,790 8,271 3 0 0 8,268

Intermountain:

 9.0 - 10.9 6,490 2,295 0 24,581 736 2,213 0000 0

 11.0 - 12.9 9,016 2,688 0 19,665 971 2,485 6,266 6,114 0 0 151

 13.0 - 14.9 9,524 2,430 0 10,532 891 2,186 3,962 3,885 0 0 77

 15.0 - 16.9 9,169 1,905 0 5,337 922 1,760 2,500 2,418 0 0 82

 17.0 - 18.9 8,100 1,914 0 2,278 730 1,230 1,288 1,155 0 0 133

 19.0 - 20.9 6,825 1,369 0 1,000 630 1,096 757 755 0 0 2

 21.0 - 28.9 15,371 3,636 2 838 2,013 2,358 943 850 0 0 93

 29.0 + 4,545 1,300 11 74 2,579 709 340 335 0 0 4

Total 69,041 17,537 14 64,305 9,473 14,037 16,054 15,512 0 0 542

Alaska:

 9.0 - 10.9 4,488 0 0 18 143 641 0000 0

 11.0 - 12.9 4,615 0 0 23 145 1,006 1,306 497 10 0 799

 13.0 - 14.9 3,603 0 0 14 270 1,329 954 394 13 0 546

 15.0 - 16.9 2,659 0 0 37 299 1,367 1,258 849 22 0 388

 17.0 - 18.9 1,282 0 0 28 324 1,583 581 441 17 0 123

 19.0 - 20.9 542 0 0 2 443 1,454 497 452 8 0 37

 21.0 - 28.9 460 0 0 17 1,490 4,661 1,262 1,225 13 0 23

 29.0 + 30 0 0 0 2,156 2,693 366 361 0 0 5

Total 17,680 0 0 139 5,269 14,734 6,224 4,220 83 0 1,921

Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million board feet

189
190

Table B10—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other

diameter class other Western Incense pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard-

(in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Pacific Northwest:

 9.0 - 10.9 838 1,091 92 3,945 1,105 561 0001 0

 11.0 - 12.9 1,220 1,308 132 3,298 1,441 950 9,650 292 6,713 128 2,517

 13.0 - 14.9 1,396 1,457 134 2,388 1,562 999 8,951 265 6,217 159 2,310

 15.0 - 16.9 1,527 1,439 204 1,258 1,546 1,161 7,931 347 5,551 97 1,936

 17.0 - 18.9 1,491 1,360 136 888 1,623 1,216 6,287 416 4,007 124 1,740

 19.0 - 20.9 1,449 1,192 214 405 1,607 1,142 4,042 385 2,265 71 1,321

 21.0 - 28.9 3,631 2,869 878 404 5,963 3,947 7,666 1,335 3,241 150 2,939

 29.0 + 4,459 974 2,181 53 13,792 3,702 2,637 705 342 78 1,512

Total 16,011 11,691 3,971 12,638 28,640 13,678 47,165 3,745 28,336 809 14,275

Pacific Southwest:

 9.0 - 10.9 3 0 403 243 0 69 0000 0

 11.0 - 12.9 0 0 689 351 0 122 3,350 6 191 1,263 1,889

 13.0 - 14.9 24 0 855 451 0 135 3,133 4 147 1,274 1,708

 15.0 - 16.9 23 0 972 548 0 123 2,584 22 59 994 1,509

 17.0 - 18.9 0 0 1,079 478 0 260 2,412 4 24 1,074 1,310

 19.0 - 20.9 16 0 1,061 434 1 232 2,251 10 56 867 1,318

 21.0 - 28.9 65 0 4,055 1,657 4 721 6,224 83 82 2,947 3,113

 29.0 + 85 0 6,468 1,305 1 1,768 3,678 29 27 1,953 1,668

Total 216 0 15,582 5,468 6 3,431 23,631 158 586 10,372 12,515

West total:

 9.0 - 10.9 11,843 3,386 495 28,788 1,983 3,846 0001 0

 11.0 - 12.9 14,878 3,996 821 23,337 2,557 4,938 21,631 6,913 6,914 1,391 6,412

 13.0 - 14.9 14,569 3,888 989 13,385 2,724 4,978 18,095 4,548 6,377 1,434 5,737

 15.0 - 16.9 13,409 3,344 1,177 7,180 2,767 4,687 15,280 3,635 5,632 1,092 4,921

 17.0 - 18.9 10,888 3,274 1,214 3,672 2,678 4,514 11,473 2,015 4,047 1,198 4,213

 19.0 - 20.9 8,845 2,561 1,275 1,841 2,681 4,041 8,308 1,603 2,329 937 3,439

 21.0 - 28.9 19,532 6,506 4,936 2,916 9,470 11,795 18,244 3,494 3,336 3,097 8,317

 29.0 + 9,118 2,274 8,661 1,432 18,528 8,871 8,314 1,431 369 2,032 4,483

Total 103,082 29,228 19,567 82,551 43,388 47,670 101,345 23,639 29,004 11,181 37,521

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly 

from volume by State in other tables because of rounding.

Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million board feet
Smith, W. Brad; Vissage, John S.; Darr, David R.; Sheffield, Raymond M.;

2001. Forest resources of the United States, 1997. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-219. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 190 p.

Forest resource statistics from the 1987 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment were updated to 1997 to provide

current information on the Nation’s forests. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality,

growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or State. Current

resource data are analyzed and trends since 1987 are noted. Resource trends are placed within the context of changes

in the timber resource since 1953. A fold-out forest type map produced from satellite imagery provides a visual

display of the location of forest land.

KEY WORDS: RPA, assessment, inventory, forest statistics, area, volume, forest history, AVHRR, map.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits

discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of 

race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political

beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all

prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities

who require alternative means for communication of program

information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact

USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, 

Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 

1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 

or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal

opportunity provider and employer.
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

FOREST SERVICE

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT

NC-219

AUGUST 2001

http://fia.fs.fed.us