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[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 722 Engrossed in Senate (ES)]

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115th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 722

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT

 
  To provide congressional review and to counter Iranian and Russian 
                        governments' aggression.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Countering Iran's 
Destabilizing Activities Act of 2017''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Regional strategy for countering conventional and asymmetric 
                            Iranian threats in the Middle East and 
                            North Africa.
Sec. 4. Imposition of additional sanctions in response to Iran's 
                            ballistic missile program.
Sec. 5. Imposition of terrorism-related sanctions with respect to the 
                            IRGC.
Sec. 6. Imposition of additional sanctions with respect to persons 
                            responsible for human rights abuses.
Sec. 7. Enforcement of arms embargos.
Sec. 8. Review of applicability of sanctions relating to Iran's support 
                            for terrorism and its ballistic missile 
                            program.
Sec. 9. Report on coordination of sanctions between the United States 
                            and the European Union.
Sec. 10. Report on United States citizens detained by Iran.
Sec. 11. Exceptions for national security and humanitarian assistance; 
                            rule of construction.
Sec. 12. Presidential waiver authority.
    TITLE II--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND 
               COMBATING TERRORISM AND ILLICIT FINANCING

Sec. 201. Short title.
 Subtitle A--Sanctions and Other Measures With Respect to the Russian 
                               Federation

Sec. 211. Findings.
Sec. 212. Sense of Congress.
 PART I--Congressional Review of Sanctions Imposed With Respect to the 
                           Russian Federation

Sec. 215. Short title.
Sec. 216. Congressional review of certain actions relating to sanctions 
                            imposed with respect to the Russian 
                            Federation.
       PART II--Sanctions With Respect to the Russian Federation

Sec. 221. Definitions.
Sec. 222. Codification of sanctions relating to the Russian Federation.
Sec. 223. Modification of implementation of Executive Order 13662.
Sec. 224. Imposition of sanctions with respect to activities of the 
                            Russian Federation undermining 
                            cybersecurity.
Sec. 225. Imposition of sanctions relating to special Russian crude oil 
                            projects.
Sec. 226. Imposition of sanctions with respect to Russian and other 
                            foreign financial institutions.
Sec. 227. Mandatory imposition of sanctions with respect to significant 
                            corruption in the Russian Federation.
Sec. 228. Mandatory imposition of sanctions with respect to certain 
                            transactions with foreign sanctions evaders 
                            and serious human rights abusers in the 
                            Russian Federation.
Sec. 229. Notifications to Congress under Ukraine Freedom Support Act 
                            of 2014.
Sec. 230. Standards for termination of certain sanctions with respect 
                            to the Russian Federation.
Sec. 231. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons engaging in 
                            transactions with the intelligence or 
                            defense sectors of the Government of the 
                            Russian Federation.
Sec. 232. Sanctions with respect to the development of pipelines in the 
                            Russian Federation.
Sec. 233. Sanctions with respect to investment in or facilitation of 
                            privatization of state-owned assets by the 
                            Russian Federation.
Sec. 234. Sanctions with respect to the transfer of arms and related 
                            materiel to Syria.
Sec. 235. Sanctions described.
Sec. 236. Exceptions, waiver, and termination.
Sec. 237. Exception relating to activities of the National Aeronautics 
                            and Space Administration.
Sec. 238. Rule of construction.
                           PART III--Reports

Sec. 241. Report on oligarchs and parastatal entities of the Russian 
                            Federation.
Sec. 242. Report on effects of expanding sanctions to include sovereign 
                            debt and derivative products.
Sec. 243. Report on illicit finance relating to the Russian Federation.
     Subtitle B--Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia

Sec. 251. Findings.
Sec. 252. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 253. Statement of policy.
Sec. 254. Coordinating aid and assistance across Europe and Eurasia.
Sec. 255. Report on media organizations controlled and funded by the 
                            Government of the Russian Federation.
Sec. 256. Report on Russian Federation influence on elections in Europe 
                            and Eurasia.
Sec. 257. Ukranian energy security.
Sec. 258. Termination.
Sec. 259. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
         Subtitle C--Combating Terrorism and Illicit Financing

  PART I--National Strategy for Combating Terrorist and Other Illicit 
                               Financing

Sec. 261. Development of national strategy.
Sec. 262. Contents of national strategy.
    PART II--Enhancing Antiterrorism Tools of the Department of the 
                                Treasury

Sec. 271. Improving antiterror finance monitoring of funds transfers.
Sec. 272. Sense of Congress on international cooperation regarding 
                            terrorist financing intelligence.
Sec. 273. Examining the counter-terror financing role of the Department 
                            of the Treasury in embassies.
Sec. 274. Inclusion of Secretary of the Treasury on the National 
                            Security Council.
Sec. 275. Inclusion of all funds.
                         PART III--Definitions

Sec. 281. Definitions.
                    Subtitle D--Rule of Construction

Sec. 291. Rule of construction.
Sec. 292. Sense of Senate on the strategic importance of Article 5 of 
                            the North Atlantic Treaty.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Act of international terrorism.--The term ``act of 
        international terrorism'' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-
        172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note).
            (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 
        (Public Law 104-172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note).
            (3) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means a 
        person that is not a United States person.
            (4) Iranian person.--The term ``Iranian person'' means--
                    (A) an individual who is a citizen or national of 
                Iran; or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of Iran or 
                otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the Government 
                of Iran.
            (5) IRGC.--The term ``IRGC'' means Iran's Islamic 
        Revolutionary Guard Corps.
            (6) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'' has the meaning 
        given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 
        (Public Law 104-172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note).
            (7) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.

SEC. 3. REGIONAL STRATEGY FOR COUNTERING CONVENTIONAL AND ASYMMETRIC 
              IRANIAN THREATS IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the 
Director of National Intelligence shall jointly develop and submit to 
the appropriate congressional committees a strategy for deterring 
conventional and asymmetric Iranian activities and threats that 
directly threaten the United States and key allies in the Middle East, 
North Africa, and beyond.
    (b) Elements.--The strategy required by subsection (a) shall 
include at a minimum the following:
            (1) A summary of the near- and long-term United States 
        objectives, plans, and means for countering Iran's 
        destabilizing activities, including identification of countries 
        that share the objective of countering Iran's destabilizing 
        activities.
            (2) A summary of the capabilities and contributions of 
        individual countries to shared efforts to counter Iran's 
        destabilizing activities, and a summary of additional actions 
        or contributions that each country could take to further 
        contribute.
            (3) An assessment of Iran's conventional force capabilities 
        and an assessment of Iran's plans to upgrade its conventional 
        force capabilities, including its acquisition, development, and 
        deployment of ballistic and cruise missile capabilities, 
        unmanned aerial vehicles, and maritime offensive and anti-
        access or area denial capabilities.
            (4) An assessment of Iran's chemical and biological weapons 
        capabilities and an assessment of Iranian plans to upgrade its 
        chemical or biological weapons capabilities.
            (5) An assessment of Iran's asymmetric activities in the 
        region, including--
                    (A) the size, capabilities, and activities of the 
                IRGC, including the Quds Force;
                    (B) the size, capabilities, and activities of 
                Iran's cyber operations;
                    (C) the types and amount of support, including 
                funding, lethal and nonlethal contributions, and 
                training, provided to Hezbollah, Hamas, special groups 
                in Iraq, the regime of Bashar al-Assad in Syria, Houthi 
                fighters in Yemen, and other violent groups across the 
                Middle East; and
                    (D) the scope and objectives of Iran's information 
                operations and use of propaganda.
            (6) A summary of United States actions, unilaterally and in 
        cooperation with foreign governments, to counter destabilizing 
        Iranian activities, including--
                    (A) interdiction of Iranian lethal arms bound for 
                groups designated as foreign terrorist organizations 
                under section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality 
                Act (8 U.S.C. 1189);
                    (B) Iran's interference in international commercial 
                shipping lanes;
                    (C) attempts by Iran to undermine or subvert 
                internationally recognized governments in the Middle 
                East region; and
                    (D) Iran's support for the regime of Bashar al-
                Assad in Syria, including--
                            (i) financial assistance, military 
                        equipment and personnel, and other support 
                        provided to that regime; and
                            (ii) support and direction to other armed 
                        actors that are not Syrian or Iranian and are 
                        acting on behalf of that regime.
    (c) Form of Strategy.--The strategy required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified 
annex.

SEC. 4. IMPOSITION OF ADDITIONAL SANCTIONS IN RESPONSE TO IRAN'S 
              BALLISTIC MISSILE PROGRAM.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of State should continue to 
implement Executive Order 13382 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to 
blocking property of weapons of mass destruction delivery system 
proliferators and their supporters).
    (b) Imposition of Sanctions.--The President shall impose the 
sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to any person that 
the President determines, on or after the date of the enactment of this 
Act--
            (1) knowingly engages in any activity that materially 
        contributes to the activities of the Government of Iran with 
        respect to its ballistic missile program, or any other program 
        in Iran for developing, deploying, or maintaining systems 
        capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction, including 
        any efforts to manufacture, acquire, possess, develop, 
        transport, transfer, or use such capabilities;
            (2) is a successor entity to a person referred to in 
        paragraph (1);
            (3) owns or controls or is owned or controlled by a person 
        referred to in paragraph (1);
            (4) forms an entity with the purpose of evading sanctions 
        that would otherwise be imposed pursuant to paragraph (3);
            (5) is acting for or on behalf of a person referred to in 
        paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4); or
            (6) knowingly provides or attempts to provide financial, 
        material, technological, or other support for, or goods or 
        services in support of, a person referred to in paragraph (1), 
        (2), (3), (4) or (5).
    (c) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:
            (1) Blocking of property.--The President shall block, in 
        accordance with the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
        (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), all transactions in all property and 
        interests in property of any person subject to subsection (b) 
        if such property and interests in property are in the United 
        States, come within the United States, or are or come within 
        the possession or control of a United States person.
            (2) Exclusion from united states.--The Secretary of State 
        shall deny a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland Security 
        shall exclude from the United States, any person subject to 
        subsection (b) that is an alien.
    (d) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to violate, 
conspires to violate, or causes a violation of subsection (c)(1) or any 
regulation, license, or order issued to carry out that subsection shall 
be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 
act described in subsection (a) of that section.
    (e) Report on Contributions to Iran's Ballistic Missile Program.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the 
        President shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
        committees a report describing each person that--
                    (A) has, during the period specified in paragraph 
                (2), conducted any activity that has materially 
                contributed to the activities of the Government of Iran 
                with respect to its ballistic missile program, or any 
                other program in Iran for developing, deploying, or 
                maintaining systems capable of delivering weapons of 
                mass destruction, including any efforts to manufacture, 
                acquire, possess, develop, transport, transfer, or use 
                such capabilities;
                    (B) is a successor entity to a person referred to 
                in subparagraph (A);
                    (C) owns or controls or is owned or controlled by a 
                person referred to in subparagraph (A);
                    (D) forms an entity with the purpose of evading 
                sanctions that could be imposed as a result of a 
                relationship described in subparagraph (C);
                    (E) is acting for or on behalf of a person referred 
                to in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D); or
                    (F) is known or believed to have provided, or 
                attempted to provide, during the period specified in 
                paragraph (2), financial, material, technological, or 
                other support for, or goods or services in support of, 
                any material contribution to a program described in 
                subparagraph (A) carried out by a person described in 
                subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E).
            (2) Period specified.--The period specified in this 
        paragraph is--
                    (A) in the case of the first report submitted under 
                paragraph (1), the period beginning January 1, 2016, 
                and ending on the date the report is submitted; and
                    (B) in the case of a subsequent such report, the 
                180-day period preceding the submission of the report.
            (3) Form of report.--Each report required by paragraph (1) 
        shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
        classified annex.

SEC. 5. IMPOSITION OF TERRORISM-RELATED SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE 
              IRGC.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The IRGC is subject to sanctions pursuant to Executive 
        Order 13382 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to blocking property 
        of weapons of mass destruction delivery system proliferators 
        and their supporters), the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, 
        Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8501 et 
        seq.), Executive Order 13553 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to 
        blocking property of certain persons with respect to serious 
        human rights abuses by the Government of Iran), and Executive 
        Order 13606 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to blocking the 
        property and suspending entry into the United States of certain 
        persons with respect to grave human rights abuses by the 
        Governments of Iran and Syria via information technology).
            (2) The Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps-Quds Force (in 
        this section referred to as the ``IRGC-QF'') is the primary arm 
        of the Government of Iran for executing its policy of 
        supporting terrorist and insurgent groups. The IRGC-QF provides 
        material, logistical assistance, training, and financial 
        support to militants and terrorist operatives throughout the 
        Middle East and South Asia and was designated for the 
        imposition of sanctions by the Secretary of Treasury pursuant 
        to Executive Order 13224 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to 
        blocking property and prohibiting transactions with persons who 
        commit, threaten to commit, or support terrorism) in October 
        2007 for its support of terrorism.
            (3) The IRGC, not just the IRGC-QF, is responsible for 
        implementing Iran's international program of destabilizing 
        activities, support for acts of international terrorism, and 
        ballistic missile program.
    (b) In General.--Beginning on the date that is 90 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the 
sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to the IRGC and 
foreign persons that are officials, agents, or affiliates of the IRGC.
    (c) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are sanctions applicable with respect to a foreign person 
pursuant to Executive Order 13224 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; relating to 
blocking property and prohibiting transactions with persons who commit, 
threaten to commit, or support terrorism).

SEC. 6. IMPOSITION OF ADDITIONAL SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS 
              RESPONSIBLE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of State 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a list of each 
person the Secretary determines, based on credible evidence, on or 
after the date of the enactment of this Act--
            (1) is responsible for extrajudicial killings, torture, or 
        other gross violations of internationally recognized human 
        rights committed against individuals in Iran who seek--
                    (A) to expose illegal activity carried out by 
                officials of the Government of Iran; or
                    (B) to obtain, exercise, defend, or promote 
                internationally recognized human rights and freedoms, 
                such as the freedoms of religion, expression, 
                association, and assembly, and the rights to a fair 
                trial and democratic elections; or
            (2) acts as an agent of or on behalf of a foreign person in 
        a matter relating to an activity described in paragraph (1).
    (b) Sanctions Described.--
            (1) In general.--The President may, in accordance with the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et 
        seq.), block all transactions in all property and interests in 
        property of a person on the list required by subsection (a) if 
        such property and interests in property are in the United 
        States, come within the United States, or are or come within 
        the possession or control of a United States person.
            (2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
        violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
        paragraph (1) or any regulation, license, or order issued to 
        carry out paragraph (1) shall be subject to the penalties set 
        forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to 
        the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act 
        described in subsection (a) of that section.

SEC. 7. ENFORCEMENT OF ARMS EMBARGOS.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (d), the 
President shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with 
respect to any person that the President determines--
            (1) knowingly engages in any activity that materially 
        contributes to the supply, sale, or transfer directly or 
        indirectly to or from Iran, or for the use in or benefit of 
        Iran, of any battle tanks, armored combat vehicles, large 
        caliber artillery systems, combat aircraft, attack helicopters, 
        warships, missiles or missile systems, as defined for the 
        purpose of the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, or 
        related materiel, including spare parts; or
            (2) knowingly provides to Iran any technical training, 
        financial resources or services, advice, other services or 
        assistance related to the supply, sale, transfer, manufacture, 
        maintenance, or use of arms and related materiel described in 
        paragraph (1).
    (b) Sanctions Described.--
            (1) Blocking of property.--The President shall block, in 
        accordance with the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
        (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), all transactions in all property and 
        interests in property of any person subject to subsection (a) 
        if such property and interests in property are in the United 
        States, come within the United States, or are or come within 
        the possession or control of a United States person.
            (2) Exclusion from united states.--The Secretary of State 
        shall deny a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland Security 
        shall exclude from the United States, any person subject to 
        subsection (a) that is an alien.
    (c) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to violate, 
conspires to violate, or causes a violation of subsection (b)(1) or any 
regulation, license, or order issued to carry out that subsection shall 
be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 
act described in subsection (a) of that section.
    (d) Exception.--The President is not required to impose sanctions 
under subsection (a) with respect to a person for engaging in an 
activity described in that subsection if the President certifies to the 
appropriate congressional committees that--
            (1) permitting the activity is in the national security 
        interest of the United States;
            (2) Iran no longer presents a significant threat to the 
        national security of the United States and to the allies of the 
        United States; and
            (3) the Government of Iran has ceased providing operational 
        or financial support for acts of international terrorism and no 
        longer satisfies the requirements for designation as a state 
        sponsor of terrorism.
    (e) State Sponsor of Terrorism Defined.--In this section, the term 
``state sponsor of terrorism'' means a country the government of which 
the Secretary of State has determined to be a government that has 
repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism for 
purposes of--
            (1) section 6(j)(1)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 
        1979 (50 U.S.C. 4605(j)(1)(A)) (as continued in effect pursuant 
        to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
        1701 et seq.));
            (2) section 620A(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
        (22 U.S.C. 2371(a));
            (3) section 40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
        2780(d)); or
            (4) any other provision of law.

SEC. 8. REVIEW OF APPLICABILITY OF SANCTIONS RELATING TO IRAN'S SUPPORT 
              FOR TERRORISM AND ITS BALLISTIC MISSILE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 5 years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall conduct a review of all 
persons on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked 
persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the 
Department of the Treasury for activities relating to Iran--
            (1) to assess the conduct of such persons as that conduct 
        relates to--
                    (A) any activity that materially contributes to the 
                activities of the Government of Iran with respect to 
                its ballistic missile program; or
                    (B) support by the Government of Iran for acts of 
                international terrorism; and
            (2) to determine the applicability of sanctions with 
        respect to such persons under--
                    (A) Executive Order 13382 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; 
                relating to blocking property of weapons of mass 
                destruction delivery system proliferators and their 
                supporters); or
                    (B) Executive Order 13224 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; 
                relating to blocking property and prohibiting 
                transactions with persons who commit, threaten to 
                commit, or support terrorism).
    (b) Implementation of Sanctions.--If the President determines under 
subsection (a) that sanctions under an Executive Order specified in 
paragraph (2) of that subsection are applicable with respect to a 
person, the President shall--
            (1) impose sanctions with respect to that person pursuant 
        to that Executive Order; or
            (2) exercise the waiver authority provided under section 
        12.

SEC. 9. REPORT ON COORDINATION OF SANCTIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES 
              AND THE EUROPEAN UNION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
includes the following:
            (1) A description of each instance, during the period 
        specified in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in which the United States has imposed 
                sanctions with respect to a person for activity related 
                to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or 
                delivery systems for such weapons to or by Iran, 
                support for acts of international terrorism by Iran, or 
                human rights abuses in Iran, but in which the European 
                Union has not imposed corresponding sanctions; and
                    (B) in which the European Union has imposed 
                sanctions with respect to a person for activity related 
                to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or 
                delivery systems for such weapons to or by Iran, 
                support for acts of international terrorism by Iran, or 
                human rights abuses in Iran, but in which the United 
                States has not imposed corresponding sanctions.
            (2) An explanation for the reason for each discrepancy 
        between sanctions imposed by the European Union and sanctions 
        imposed by the United States described in subparagraphs (A) and 
        (B) of paragraph (1).
    (b) Period Specified.--The period specified in this subsection is--
            (1) in the case of the first report submitted under 
        subsection (a), the period beginning on the date of the 
        enactment of this Act and ending on the date the report is 
        submitted; and
            (2) in the case of a subsequent such report, the 180-day 
        period preceding the submission of the report.
    (c) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 10. REPORT ON UNITED STATES CITIZENS DETAINED BY IRAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
United States citizens, including United States citizens who are also 
citizens of other countries, detained by Iran or groups supported by 
Iran that includes--
            (1) information regarding any officials of the Government 
        of Iran involved in any way in the detentions; and
            (2) a summary of efforts the United States Government has 
        taken to secure the swift release of those United States 
        citizens.
    (b) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 11. EXCEPTIONS FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE; 
              RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    (a) In General.--The following activities shall be exempt from 
sanctions under sections 4, 5, 6, and 7:
            (1) Any activity subject to the reporting requirements 
        under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
        3091 et seq.), or to any authorized intelligence activities of 
        the United States.
            (2) The admission of an alien to the United States if such 
        admission is necessary to comply with United States obligations 
        under the Agreement between the United Nations and the United 
        States of America regarding the Headquarters of the United 
        Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into 
        force November 21, 1947, or under the Convention on Consular 
        Relations, done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and entered into 
        force March 19, 1967, or other applicable international 
        obligations of the United States.
            (3) The conduct or facilitation of a transaction for the 
        sale of agricultural commodities, food, medicine, or medical 
        devices to Iran or for the provision of humanitarian assistance 
        to the people of Iran, including engaging in a financial 
        transaction relating to humanitarian assistance or for 
        humanitarian purposes or transporting goods or services that 
        are necessary to carry out operations relating to humanitarian 
        assistance or humanitarian purposes.
    (b) Exception Relating to Importation of Goods.--A requirement or 
the authority to block and prohibit all transactions in all property 
and interests in property under section 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 shall not 
include the authority to impose sanctions with respect to the 
importation of goods.
    (c) Implementation.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the 
President may exercise all authorities provided under sections 203 and 
205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 
and 1704) to carry out this Act.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this Act (other than 
subsection (b)) shall be construed to limit the authority of the 
President under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).
    (e) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Agricultural commodity.--The term ``agricultural 
        commodity'' has the meaning given that term in section 102 of 
        the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602).
            (2) Good.--The term ``good'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 16 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 
        U.S.C. 4618) (as continued in effect pursuant to the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et 
        seq.)).
            (3) Medical device.--The term ``medical device'' has the 
        meaning given the term ``device'' in section 201 of the Federal 
        Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).
            (4) Medicine.--The term ``medicine'' has the meaning given 
        the term ``drug'' in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
        Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321).

SEC. 12. PRESIDENTIAL WAIVER AUTHORITY.

    (a) Case-by-Case Waiver Authority.--
            (1) In general.--The President may waive, on a case-by-case 
        basis and for a period of not more than 180 days, a requirement 
        under section 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 to impose or maintain sanctions 
        with respect to a person, and may waive the continued 
        imposition of such sanctions, not less than 30 days after the 
        President determines and reports to the appropriate 
        congressional committees that it is vital to the national 
        security interests of the United States to waive such 
        sanctions.
            (2) Renewal of waivers.--The President may, on a case-by-
        case basis, renew a waiver under paragraph (1) for an 
        additional period of not more than 180 days if, not later than 
        15 days before that waiver expires, the President makes the 
        determination and submits to the appropriate congressional 
        committees a report described in paragraph (1).
            (3) Successive renewal.--The renewal authority provided 
        under paragraph (2) may be exercised for additional successive 
        periods of not more than 180 days if the President follows the 
        procedures set forth in paragraph (2), and submits the report 
        described in paragraph (1), for each such renewal.
    (b) Contents of Waiver Reports.--Each report submitted under 
subsection (a) in connection with a waiver of sanctions under section 
4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 with respect to a person, or the renewal of such a 
waiver, shall include--
            (1) a specific and detailed rationale for the determination 
        that the waiver is vital to the national security interests of 
        the United States;
            (2) a description of the activity that resulted in the 
        person being subject to sanctions;
            (3) an explanation of any efforts made by the United 
        States, as applicable, to secure the cooperation of the 
        government with primary jurisdiction over the person or the 
        location where the activity described in paragraph (2) occurred 
        in terminating or, as appropriate, penalizing the activity; and
            (4) an assessment of the significance of the activity 
        described in paragraph (2) in contributing to the ability of 
        Iran to threaten the interests of the United States or allies 
        of the United States, develop systems capable of delivering 
        weapons of mass destruction, support acts of international 
        terrorism, or violate the human rights of any person in Iran.
    (c) Effect of Report on Waiver.--If the President submits a report 
under subsection (a) in connection with a waiver of sanctions under 
section 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 with respect to a person, or the renewal of 
such a waiver, the President shall not be required to impose or 
maintain sanctions under section 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, as applicable, with 
respect to the person described in the report during the 30-day period 
referred to in subsection (a).

    TITLE II--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND 
               COMBATING TERRORISM AND ILLICIT FINANCING

SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Countering Russian Influence in 
Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017''.

 Subtitle A--Sanctions and Other Measures With Respect to the Russian 
                               Federation

SEC. 211. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) On March 6, 2014, President Barack Obama issued 
        Executive Order 13660 (79 Fed. Reg. 13493; relating to blocking 
        property of certain persons contributing to the situation in 
        Ukraine), which authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of State, to impose sanctions 
        on those determined to be undermining democratic processes and 
        institutions in Ukraine or threatening the peace, security, 
        stability, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Ukraine. 
        President Obama subsequently issued Executive Order 13661 (79 
        Fed. Reg. 15535; relating to blocking property of additional 
        persons contributing to the situation in Ukraine) and Executive 
        Order 13662 (79 Fed. Reg. 16169; relating to blocking property 
        of additional persons contributing to the situation in Ukraine) 
        to expand sanctions on certain persons contributing to the 
        situation in Ukraine.
            (2) On December 18, 2014, the Ukraine Freedom Support Act 
        of 2014 was enacted (Public Law 113-272; 22 U.S.C. 8921 et 
        seq.), which includes provisions directing the President to 
        impose sanctions on foreign persons that the President 
        determines to be entities owned or controlled by the Government 
        of the Russian Federation or nationals of the Russian 
        Federation that manufacture, sell, transfer, or otherwise 
        provide certain defense articles into Syria.
            (3) On April 1, 2015, President Obama issued Executive 
        Order 13694 (80 Fed. Reg. 18077; relating to blocking the 
        property of certain persons engaging in significant malicious 
        cyber-enabled activities), which authorizes the Secretary of 
        the Treasury, in consultation with the Attorney General and the 
        Secretary of State, to impose sanctions on persons determined 
        to be engaged in malicious cyber-hacking.
            (4) On July 26, 2016, President Obama approved a 
        Presidential Policy Directive on United States Cyber Incident 
        Coordination, which states, ``certain cyber incidents that have 
        significant impacts on an entity, our national security, or the 
        broader economy require a unique approach to response 
        efforts''.
            (5) On December 29, 2016, President Obama issued an annex 
        to Executive Order 13694, which authorized sanctions on the 
        following entities and individuals:
                    (A) The Main Intelligence Directorate (also known 
                as Glavnoe Razvedyvatel'noe Upravlenie or the GRU) in 
                Moscow, Russian Federation.
                    (B) The Federal Security Service (also known as 
                Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti or the FSB) in Moscow, 
                Russian Federation.
                    (C) The Special Technology Center (also known as 
                STLC, Ltd. Special Technology Center St. Petersburg) in 
                St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
                    (D) Zorsecurity (also known as Esage Lab) in 
                Moscow, Russian Federation.
                    (E) The autonomous noncommercial organization known 
                as the Professional Association of Designers of Data 
                Processing Systems (also known as ANO PO KSI) in 
                Moscow, Russian Federation.
                    (F) Igor Valentinovich Korobov.
                    (G) Sergey Aleksandrovich Gizunov.
                    (H) Igor Olegovich Kostyukov.
                    (I) Vladimir Stepanovich Alexseyev.
            (6) On January 6, 2017, an assessment of the United States 
        intelligence community entitled, ``Assessing Russian Activities 
        and Intentions in Recent U.S. Elections'' stated, ``Russian 
        President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence campaign in 2016 
        aimed at the United States presidential election.'' The 
        assessment warns that ``Moscow will apply lessons learned from 
        its Putin-ordered campaign aimed at the U.S. Presidential 
        election to future influence efforts worldwide, including 
        against U.S. allies and their election processes''.

SEC. 212. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that the President--
            (1) should engage to the fullest extent possible with 
        partner governments with regard to closing loopholes, including 
        the allowance of extended prepayment for the delivery of goods 
        and commodities and other loopholes, in multilateral and 
        unilateral restrictive measures against the Russian Federation, 
        with the aim of maximizing alignment of those measures; and
            (2) should increase efforts to vigorously enforce 
        compliance with sanctions in place as of the date of the 
        enactment of this Act with respect to the Russian Federation in 
        response to the crisis in eastern Ukraine, cyber intrusions and 
        attacks, and human rights violators in the Russian Federation.

 PART I--CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF SANCTIONS IMPOSED WITH RESPECT TO THE 
                           RUSSIAN FEDERATION

SEC. 215. SHORT TITLE.

    The part may be cited as the ``Russia Sanctions Review Act of 
2017''.

SEC. 216. CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF CERTAIN ACTIONS RELATING TO SANCTIONS 
              IMPOSED WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) Submission to Congress of Proposed Action.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, before taking any action described in paragraph (2), the 
        President shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
        committees and leadership a report that describes the proposed 
        action and the reasons for that action.
            (2) Actions described.--
                    (A) In general.--An action described in this 
                paragraph is--
                            (i) an action to terminate the application 
                        of any sanctions described in subparagraph (B);
                            (ii) with respect to sanctions described in 
                        subparagraph (B) imposed by the President with 
                        respect to a person, an action to waive the 
                        application of those sanctions with respect to 
                        that person; or
                            (iii) a licensing action that significantly 
                        alters United States' foreign policy with 
                        regard to the Russian Federation.
                    (B) Sanctions described.--The sanctions described 
                in this subparagraph are--
                            (i) sanctions provided for under--
                                    (I) this title or any provision of 
                                law amended by this title, including 
                                the Executive Orders codified under 
                                section 222;
                                    (II) the Support for the 
                                Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and 
                                Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 
                                2014 (22 U.S.C. 8901 et seq.); or
                                    (III) the Ukraine Freedom Support 
                                Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8921 et seq.); 
                                and
                            (ii) the prohibition on access to the 
                        properties of the Government of the Russian 
                        Federation located in Maryland and New York 
                        that the President ordered vacated on December 
                        29, 2016.
            (3) Description of type of action.--Each report submitted 
        under paragraph (1) with respect to an action described in 
        paragraph (2) shall include a description of whether the 
        action--
                    (A) is not intended to significantly alter United 
                States foreign policy with regard to the Russian 
                Federation; or
                    (B) is intended to significantly alter United 
                States foreign policy with regard to the Russian 
                Federation.
            (4) Inclusion of additional matter.--
                    (A) In general.--Each report submitted under 
                paragraph (1) that relates to an action that is 
                intended to significantly alter United States foreign 
                policy with regard to the Russian Federation shall 
                include a description of--
                            (i) the significant alteration to United 
                        States foreign policy with regard to the 
                        Russian Federation;
                            (ii) the anticipated effect of the action 
                        on the national security interests of the 
                        United States; and
                            (iii) the policy objectives for which the 
                        sanctions affected by the action were initially 
                        imposed.
                    (B) Requests from banking and financial services 
                committees.--The Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
                Urban Affairs of the Senate or the Committee on 
                Financial Services of the House of Representatives may 
                request the submission to the Committee of the matter 
                described in clauses (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (A) 
                with respect to a report submitted under paragraph (1) 
                that relates to an action that is not intended to 
                significantly alter United States foreign policy with 
                regard to the Russian Federation.
    (b) Period for Review by Congress.--
            (1) In general.--During the period of 30 calendar days 
        beginning on the date on which the President submits a report 
        under subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) in the case of a report that relates to an 
                action that is not intended to significantly alter 
                United States foreign policy with regard to the Russian 
                Federation, the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
                Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Financial Services of the House of Representatives 
                should, as appropriate, hold hearings and briefings and 
                otherwise obtain information in order to fully review 
                the report; and
                    (B) in the case of a report that relates to an 
                action that is intended to significantly alter United 
                States foreign policy with regard to the Russian 
                Federation, the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
                House of Representatives should, as appropriate, hold 
                hearings and briefings and otherwise obtain information 
                in order to fully review the report.
            (2) Exception.--The period for congressional review under 
        paragraph (1) of a report required to be submitted under 
        subsection (a)(1) shall be 60 calendar days if the report is 
        submitted on or after July 10 and on or before September 7 in 
        any calendar year.
            (3) Limitation on actions during initial congressional 
        review period.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
        during the period for congressional review provided for under 
        paragraph (1) of a report submitted under subsection (a)(1) 
        proposing an action described in subsection (a)(2), including 
        any additional period for such review as applicable under the 
        exception provided in paragraph (2), the President may not take 
        that action unless a joint resolution of approval with respect 
        to that action is enacted in accordance with subsection (c).
            (4) Limitation on actions during presidential consideration 
        of a joint resolution of disapproval.--Notwithstanding any 
        other provision of law, if a joint resolution of disapproval 
        relating to a report submitted under subsection (a)(1) 
        proposing an action described in subsection (a)(2) passes both 
        Houses of Congress in accordance with subsection (c), the 
        President may not take that action for a period of 12 calendar 
        days after the date of passage of the joint resolution of 
        disapproval.
            (5) Limitation on actions during congressional 
        reconsideration of a joint resolution of disapproval.--
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a joint 
        resolution of disapproval relating to a report submitted under 
        subsection (a)(1) proposing an action described in subsection 
        (a)(2) passes both Houses of Congress in accordance with 
        subsection (c), and the President vetoes the joint resolution, 
        the President may not take that action for a period of 10 
        calendar days after the date of the President's veto.
            (6) Effect of enactment of a joint resolution of 
        disapproval.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a 
        joint resolution of disapproval relating to a report submitted 
        under subsection (a)(1) proposing an action described in 
        subsection (a)(2) is enacted in accordance with subsection (c), 
        the President may not take that action.
    (c) Joint Resolutions of Disapproval or Approval Defined.--In this 
subsection:
            (1) Joint resolution of approval.--The term ``joint 
        resolution of approval'' means only a joint resolution of 
        either House of Congress--
                    (A) the title of which is as follows: ``A joint 
                resolution approving the President's proposal to take 
                an action relating to the application of certain 
                sanctions with respect to the Russian Federation.''; 
                and
                    (B) the sole matter after the resolving clause of 
                which is the following: ``Congress approves of the 
                action relating to the application of sanctions imposed 
                with respect to the Russian Federation proposed by the 
                President in the report submitted to Congress under 
                section 216(a)(1) of the Russia Sanctions Review Act of 
                2017 on _______ relating to ________.'', with the first 
                blank space being filled with the appropriate date and 
                the second blank space being filled with a short 
                description of the proposed action.
            (2) Joint resolution of disapproval.--The term ``joint 
        resolution of disapproval'' means only a joint resolution of 
        either House of Congress--
                    (A) the title of which is as follows: ``A joint 
                resolution disapproving the President's proposal to 
                take an action relating to the application of certain 
                sanctions with respect to the Russian Federation.''; 
                and
                    (B) the sole matter after the resolving clause of 
                which is the following: ``Congress disapproves of the 
                action relating to the application of sanctions imposed 
                with respect to the Russian Federation proposed by the 
                President in the report submitted to Congress under 
                section 216(a)(1) of the Russia Sanctions Review Act of 
                2017 on _______ relating to ________.'', with the first 
                blank space being filled with the appropriate date and 
                the second blank space being filled with a short 
                description of the proposed action.
            (3) Introduction.--During the period of 30 calendar days 
        provided for under subsection (b)(1), including any additional 
        period as applicable under the exception provided in subsection 
        (b)(2), a joint resolution of approval or joint resolution of 
        disapproval may be introduced--
                    (A) in the House of Representatives, by the 
                majority leader or the minority leader; and
                    (B) in the Senate, by the majority leader (or the 
                majority leader's designee) or the minority leader (or 
                the minority leader's designee).
            (4) Floor consideration in house of representatives.--
                    (A) Reporting and discharge.--If a committee of the 
                House of Representatives to which a joint resolution of 
                approval or joint resolution of disapproval has been 
                referred has not reported the joint resolution within 
                10 calendar days after the date of referral, that 
                committee shall be discharged from further 
                consideration of the joint resolution.
                    (B) Proceeding to consideration.--Beginning on the 
                third legislative day after each committee to which a 
                joint resolution of approval or joint resolution of 
                disapproval has been referred reports the joint 
                resolution to the House or has been discharged from 
                further consideration of the joint resolution, it shall 
                be in order to move to proceed to consider the joint 
                resolution in the House. All points of order against 
                the motion are waived. Such a motion shall not be in 
                order after the House has disposed of a motion to 
                proceed on the joint resolution. The previous question 
                shall be considered as ordered on the motion to its 
                adoption without intervening motion. The motion shall 
                not be debatable. A motion to reconsider the vote by 
                which the motion is disposed of shall not be in order.
                    (C) Consideration.--The joint resolution of 
                approval or joint resolution of disapproval shall be 
                considered as read. All points of order against the 
                joint resolution and against its consideration are 
                waived. The previous question shall be considered as 
                ordered on the joint resolution to final passage 
                without intervening motion except 2 hours of debate 
                equally divided and controlled by the sponsor of the 
                joint resolution (or a designee) and an opponent. A 
                motion to reconsider the vote on passage of the joint 
                resolution shall not be in order.
            (5) Consideration in the senate.--
                    (A) Committee referral.--A joint resolution of 
                approval or joint resolution of disapproval introduced 
                in the Senate shall be--
                            (i) referred to the Committee on Banking, 
                        Housing, and Urban Affairs if the joint 
                        resolution relates to a report under section 
                        216 A3 that is described as an action that is 
                        not intended to significantly alter United 
                        States foreign policy with regard to the 
                        Russian Federation; and
                            (ii) referred to the Committee on Foreign 
                        Relations if the joint resolution relates to a 
                        report under section 216 A3 that is described 
                        as an action that is intended to significantly 
                        alter United States foreign policy with respect 
                        to the Russian Federation.
                    (B) Reporting and discharge.--If the committee to 
                which a joint resolution of approval or joint 
                resolution of disapproval was referred has not reported 
                the joint resolution within 10 calendar days after the 
                date of referral of the joint resolution, that 
                committee shall be discharged from further 
                consideration of the joint resolution and the joint 
                resolution shall be placed on the appropriate calendar.
                    (C) Proceeding to consideration.--Notwithstanding 
                Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, it is in 
                order at any time after the Committee on Banking, 
                Housing, and Urban Affairs or the Committee on Foreign 
                Relations, as the case may be, reports a joint 
                resolution of approval or joint resolution of 
                disapproval to the Senate or has been discharged from 
                consideration of such a joint resolution (even though a 
                previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed 
                to) to move to proceed to the consideration of the 
                joint resolution, and all points of order against the 
                joint resolution (and against consideration of the 
                joint resolution) are waived. The motion to proceed is 
                not debatable. The motion is not subject to a motion to 
                postpone. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the 
                motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in 
                order.
                    (D) Rulings of the chair on procedure.--Appeals 
                from the decisions of the Chair relating to the 
                application of the rules of the Senate, as the case may 
                be, to the procedure relating to a joint resolution of 
                approval or joint resolution of disapproval shall be 
                decided without debate.
                    (E) Consideration of veto messages.--Debate in the 
                Senate of any veto message with respect to a joint 
                resolution of approval or joint resolution of 
                disapproval, including all debatable motions and 
                appeals in connection with the joint resolution, shall 
                be limited to 10 hours, to be equally divided between, 
                and controlled by, the majority leader and the minority 
                leader or their designees.
            (6) Rules relating to senate and house of 
        representatives.--
                    (A) Coordination with action by other house.--If, 
                before the passage by one House of a joint resolution 
                of approval or joint resolution of disapproval of that 
                House, that House receives an identical joint 
                resolution from the other House, the following 
                procedures shall apply:
                            (i) The joint resolution of the other House 
                        shall not be referred to a committee.
                            (ii) With respect to the joint resolution 
                        of the House receiving the joint resolution 
                        from the other House--
                                    (I) the procedure in that House 
                                shall be the same as if no joint 
                                resolution had been received from the 
                                other House; but
                                    (II) the vote on passage shall be 
                                on the joint resolution of the other 
                                House.
                    (B) Treatment of a joint resolution of other 
                house.--If one House fails to introduce a joint 
                resolution of approval or joint resolution of 
                disapproval, a joint resolution of approval or joint 
                resolution of disapproval of the other House shall be 
                entitled to expedited procedures in that House under 
                this subsection.
                    (C) Treatment of house joint resolution in 
                senate.--If, following passage of a joint resolution of 
                approval or joint resolution of disapproval in the 
                Senate, the Senate receives an identical joint 
                resolution from the House of Representatives, that 
                joint resolution shall be placed on the appropriate 
                Senate calendar.
                    (D) Application to revenue measures.--The 
                provisions of this paragraph shall not apply in the 
                House of Representatives to a joint resolution of 
                approval or joint resolution of disapproval that is a 
                revenue measure.
            (7) Rules of house of representatives and senate.--This 
        subsection is enacted by Congress--
                    (A) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the 
                Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively, 
                and as such is deemed a part of the rules of each 
                House, respectively, but applicable only with respect 
                to the procedure to be followed in that House in the 
                case of a joint resolution of approval or joint 
                resolution of disapproval, and supersedes other rules 
                only to the extent that it is inconsistent with such 
                rules; and
                    (B) with full recognition of the constitutional 
                right of either House to change the rules (so far as 
                relating to the procedure of that House) at any time, 
                in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the 
                case of any other rule of that House.
    (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees and Leadership Defined.--
In this section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees and 
leadership'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, 
        the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the majority and 
        minority leaders of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on 
        Foreign Affairs, and the Speaker, the majority leader, and the 
        minority leader of the House of Representatives.

       PART II--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

SEC. 221. DEFINITIONS.

    In this part:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the 
                Committee on Finance of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee 
                on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
                Means of the House of Representatives.
            (2) Good.--The term ``good'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 16 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 
        U.S.C. 4618) (as continued in effect pursuant to the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et 
        seq.)).
            (3) International financial institution.--The term 
        ``international financial institution'' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 1701(c) of the International Financial 
        Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r(c)).
            (4) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with respect to 
        conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has 
        actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the 
        circumstance, or the result.
            (5) Person.--The term ``person'' means an individual or 
        entity.
            (6) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.

SEC. 222. CODIFICATION OF SANCTIONS RELATING TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) Codification.--United States sanctions provided for in 
Executive Order 13660 (79 Fed. Reg. 13493; relating to blocking 
property of certain persons contributing to the situation in Ukraine), 
Executive Order 13661 (79 Fed. Reg. 15535; relating to blocking 
property of additional persons contributing to the situation in 
Ukraine), Executive Order 13662 (79 Fed. Reg. 16169; relating to 
blocking property of additional persons contributing to the situation 
in Ukraine), Executive Order 13685 (79 Fed. Reg. 77357; relating to 
blocking property of certain persons and prohibiting certain 
transactions with respect to the Crimea region of Ukraine), Executive 
Order 13694 (80 Fed. Reg. 18077; relating to blocking the property of 
certain persons engaging in significant malicious cyber-enabled 
activities), and Executive Order 13757 (82 Fed. Reg. 1; relating to 
taking additional steps to address the national emergency with respect 
to significant malicious cyber-enabled activities), as in effect on the 
day before the date of the enactment of this Act, including with 
respect to all persons sanctioned under such Executive Orders, shall 
remain in effect except as provided in subsection (b).
    (b) Termination of Certain Sanctions.--Subject to section 216, the 
President may terminate the application of sanctions described in 
subsection (a) that are imposed on a person in connection with activity 
conducted by the person if the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees a notice that--
            (1) the person is not engaging in the activity that was the 
        basis for the sanctions or has taken significant verifiable 
        steps toward stopping the activity; and
            (2) the President has received reliable assurances that the 
        person will not knowingly engage in activity subject to 
        sanctions described in subsection (a) in the future.
    (c) Application of New Cyber Sanctions.--The President may waive 
the initial application under subsection (a) of sanctions with respect 
to a person under Executive Order 13694 or 13757 only if the President 
submits to the appropriate congressional committees--
            (1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    (A) is in the vital national security interests of 
                the United States; or
                    (B) will further the enforcement of this title; and
            (2) a certification that the Government of the Russian 
        Federation has made significant efforts to reduce the number 
        and intensity of cyber intrusions conducted by that Government.
    (d) Application of New Ukraine-related Sanctions.--The President 
may waive the initial application under subsection (a) of sanctions 
with respect to a person under Executive Order 13660, 13661, 13662, or 
13685 only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees--
            (1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    (A) is in the vital national security interests of 
                the United States; or
                    (B) will further the enforcement of this title; and
            (2) a certification that the Government of the Russian 
        Federation is taking steps to implement the Minsk Agreement to 
        address the ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine, signed in 
        Minsk, Belarus, on February 11, 2015, by the leaders of 
        Ukraine, Russia, France, and Germany, the Minsk Protocol, which 
        was agreed to on September 5, 2014, and any successor 
        agreements that are agreed to by the Government of Ukraine.

SEC. 223. MODIFICATION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF EXECUTIVE ORDER 13662.

    (a) Determination That Certain Entities Are Subject to Sanctions.--
The Secretary of the Treasury may determine that a person meets one or 
more of the criteria in section 1(a) of Executive Order 13662 if that 
person is a state-owned entity operating in the railway, shipping, or 
metals and mining sector of the economy of the Russian Federation.
    (b) Modification of Directive 1 With Respect to the Financial 
Services Sector of the Russian Federation Economy.--The Director of the 
Office of Foreign Assets Control shall modify Directive 1 (as amended), 
dated September 12, 2014, issued by the Office of Foreign Assets 
Control under Executive Order 13662, or any successor directive, to 
ensure that the directive prohibits the conduct by United States 
persons or persons within the United States of all transactions in, 
provision of financing for, and other dealings in new debt of longer 
than 14 days maturity or new equity of persons determined to be subject 
to the directive, their property, or their interests in property.
    (c) Modification of Directive 2 With Respect to the Energy Sector 
of the Russian Federation Economy.--The Director of the Office of 
Foreign Assets Control shall modify Directive 2 (as amended), dated 
September 12, 2014, issued by the Office of Foreign Assets Control 
under Executive Order 13662, or any successor directive, to ensure that 
the directive prohibits the conduct by United States persons or persons 
within the United States of all transactions in, provision of financing 
for, and other dealings in new debt of longer than 30 days maturity of 
persons determined to be subject to the directive, their property, or 
their interests in property.
    (d) Modification of Directive 4.--The Director of the Office of 
Foreign Assets Control shall modify Directive 4, dated September 12, 
2014, issued by the Office of Foreign Assets Control under Executive 
Order 13662, or any successor directive, to ensure that the directive 
prohibits the provision, exportation, or reexportation, directly or 
indirectly, by United States persons or persons within the United 
States, of goods, services (except for financial services), or 
technology in support of exploration or production for deepwater, 
Arctic offshore, or shale projects--
            (1) that have the potential to produce oil;
            (2) in which a Russian energy firm is involved; and
            (3) that involve any person determined to be subject to the 
        directive or the property or interests in property of such a 
        person.

SEC. 224. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO ACTIVITIES OF THE 
              RUSSIAN FEDERATION UNDERMINING CYBERSECURITY.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is 60 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall--
            (1) impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with 
        respect to any person that the President determines--
                    (A) knowingly engages in significant activities 
                undermining cybersecurity against any person, including 
                a democratic institution, or government on behalf of 
                the Government of the Russian Federation; or
                    (B) is owned or controlled by, or acts or purports 
                to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, a 
                person described in subparagraph (A);
            (2) impose 5 or more of the sanctions described in section 
        235 with respect to any person that the President determines 
        knowingly materially assists, sponsors, or provides financial, 
        material, or technological support for, or goods or services 
        (except financial services) in support of, an activity 
        described in paragraph (1)(A); and
            (3) impose 3 or more of the sanctions described in section 
        4(c) of the of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 
        U.S.C. 8923(c)) with respect to any person that the President 
        determines knowingly provides financial services in support of 
        an activity described in paragraph (1)(A).
    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the following:
            (1) Asset blocking.--The exercise of all powers granted to 
        the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers 
        Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block 
        and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in 
        property of a person determined by the President to be subject 
        to subsection (a)(1) if such property and interests in property 
        are in the United States, come within the United States, or are 
        or come within the possession or control of a United States 
        person.
            (2) Exclusion from the united states and revocation of visa 
        or other documentation.--In the case of an alien determined by 
        the President to be subject to subsection (a)(1), denial of a 
        visa to, and exclusion from the United States of, the alien, 
        and revocation in accordance with section 221(i) of the 
        Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of any visa 
        or other documentation of the alien.
    (c) Application of New Cyber Sanctions.--The President may waive 
the initial application under subsection (a) of sanctions with respect 
to a person only if the President submits to the appropriate 
congressional committees--
            (1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    (A) is in the vital national security interests of 
                the United States; or
                    (B) will further the enforcement of this title; and
            (2) a certification that the Government of the Russian 
        Federation has made significant efforts to reduce the number 
        and intensity of cyber intrusions conducted by that Government.
    (d) Significant Activities Undermining Cybersecurity Defined.--In 
this section, the term ``significant activities undermining 
cybersecurity'' includes--
            (1) significant efforts--
                    (A) to deny access to or degrade, disrupt, or 
                destroy an information and communications technology 
                system or network; or
                    (B) to exfiltrate, degrade, corrupt, destroy, or 
                release information from such a system or network 
                without authorization for purposes of--
                            (i) conducting influence operations; or
                            (ii) causing a significant misappropriation 
                        of funds, economic resources, trade secrets, 
                        personal identifications, or financial 
                        information for commercial or competitive 
                        advantage or private financial gain;
            (2) significant destructive malware attacks; and
            (3) significant denial of service activities.

SEC. 225. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS RELATING TO SPECIAL RUSSIAN CRUDE OIL 
              PROJECTS.

    Section 4(b)(1) of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 
U.S.C. 8923(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``on and after the date that 
is 45 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 
may impose'' and inserting ``on and after the date that is 30 days 
after the date of the enactment of the Countering Russian Influence in 
Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017, the President shall impose, unless the 
President determines that it is not in the national interest of the 
United States to do so,''.

SEC. 226. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN AND OTHER 
              FOREIGN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.

    Section 5 of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 
8924) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``may impose'' and inserting 
                ``shall impose, unless the President determines that it 
                is not in the national interest of the United States to 
                do so,''; and
                    (B) by striking ``on or after the date of the 
                enactment of this Act'' and inserting ``on or after the 
                date of the enactment of the Countering Russian 
                Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking ``may impose'' and inserting 
                ``shall impose, unless the President determines that it 
                is not in the national interest of the United States to 
                do so,''; and
                    (B) by striking ``on or after the date that is 180 
                days after the date of the enactment of this Act'' and 
                inserting ``on or after the date that is 30 days after 
                the date of the enactment of the Countering Russian 
                Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017''.

SEC. 227. MANDATORY IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SIGNIFICANT 
              CORRUPTION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    Section 9 of the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic 
Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8908(a)) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``is authorized and encouraged to'' and 
                inserting ``shall''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``President determines is'' 
                        and inserting ``President determines is, on or 
                        after the date of the enactment of the 
                        Countering Russian Influence in Europe and 
                        Eurasia Act of 2017,''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``or elsewhere'' after 
                        ``in the Russian Federation'';
            (2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e);
            (3) in subsection (c), by striking ``The President'' and 
        inserting ``except as provided in subsection (d), the 
        President''; and
            (4) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Application of New Sanctions.--The President may waive the 
initial application of sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a 
person only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees--
            ``(1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    ``(A) is in the vital national security interests 
                of the United States; or
                    ``(B) will further the enforcement of this Act; and
            ``(2) a certification that the Government of the Russian 
        Federation is taking steps to implement the Minsk Agreement to 
        address the ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine, signed in 
        Minsk, Belarus, on February 11, 2015, by the leaders of 
        Ukraine, Russia, France, and Germany, the Minsk Protocol, which 
        was agreed to on September 5, 2014, and any successor 
        agreements that are agreed to by the Government of Ukraine.''.

SEC. 228. MANDATORY IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN 
              TRANSACTIONS WITH FOREIGN SANCTIONS EVADERS AND SERIOUS 
              HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSERS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--The Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, 
Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 
8901 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 10. MANDATORY IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN 
              TRANSACTIONS WITH PERSONS THAT EVADE SANCTIONS IMPOSED 
              WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    ``(a) In General.--The President shall impose the sanctions 
described in subsection (b) with respect to a foreign person if the 
President determines that the foreign person knowingly, on or after the 
date of the enactment of the Countering Russian Influence in Europe and 
Eurasia Act of 2017--
            ``(1) materially violates, attempts to violate, conspires 
        to violate, or causes a violation of any license, order, 
        regulation, or prohibition contained in or issued pursuant to 
        any covered Executive order; or
            ``(2) facilitates significant deceptive or structured 
        transactions for or on behalf of--
                    ``(A) any person subject to sanctions imposed by 
                the United States with respect to the Russian 
                Federation; or
                    ``(B) any child, spouse, parent, or sibling of an 
                individual described in subparagraph (A).
    ``(b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions described in this 
subsection are the exercise of all powers granted to the President by 
the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et 
seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in 
all property and interests in property of a person determined by the 
President to be subject to subsection (a) if such property and 
interests in property are in the United States, come within the United 
States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United 
States person.
    ``(c) Implementation; Penalties.--
            ``(1) Implementation.--The President may exercise all 
        authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 
        205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
        U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out subsection (b).
            ``(2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
        violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
        subsection (b) or any regulation, license, or order issued to 
        carry out subsection (b) shall be subject to the penalties set 
        forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to 
        the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act 
        described in subsection (a) of that section.
    ``(d) Application of New Sanctions.--The President may waive the 
initial application of sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a 
person only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees--
            ``(1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    ``(A) is in the vital national security interests 
                of the United States; or
                    ``(B) will further the enforcement of this Act;
            ``(2) in the case of sanctions imposed under this section 
        in connection with a covered Executive order described in 
        subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D) of subsection (f)(1), a 
        certification that the Government of the Russian Federation is 
        taking steps to implement the Minsk Agreement to address the 
        ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine, signed in Minsk, Belarus, 
        on February 11, 2015, by the leaders of Ukraine, Russia, 
        France, and Germany, the Minsk Protocol, which was agreed to on 
        September 5, 2014, and any successor agreements that are agreed 
        to by the Government of Ukraine; and
            ``(3) in the case of sanctions imposed under this section 
        in connection with a covered Executive order described in 
        subparagraphs (E) or (F) of subsection (f)(1), a certification 
        that the Government of the Russian Federation has made 
        significant efforts to reduce the number and intensity of cyber 
        intrusions conducted by that Government.
    ``(e) Termination.--Subject to section 216 of the Russia Sanctions 
Review Act of 2017, the President may terminate the application of 
sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a person if the 
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees--
            ``(1) a notice of and justification for the termination; 
        and
            ``(2) a notice that--
                    ``(A) the person is not engaging in the activity 
                that was the basis for the sanctions or has taken 
                significant verifiable steps toward stopping the 
                activity; and
                    ``(B) the President has received reliable 
                assurances that the person will not knowingly engage in 
                activity subject to sanctions under subsection (a) in 
                the future.
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Covered executive order.--The term `covered Executive 
        order' means any of the following:
                    ``(A) Executive Order 13660 (79 Fed. Reg. 13493; 
                relating to blocking property of certain persons 
                contributing to the situation in Ukraine).
                    ``(B) Executive Order 13661 (79 Fed. Reg. 15535; 
                relating to blocking property of additional persons 
                contributing to the situation in Ukraine).
                    ``(C) Executive Order 13662 (79 Fed. Reg. 16169; 
                relating to blocking property of additional persons 
                contributing to the situation in Ukraine).
                    ``(D) Executive Order 13685 (79 Fed. Reg. 77357; 
                relating to blocking property of certain persons and 
                prohibiting certain transactions with respect to the 
                Crimea region of Ukraine).
                    ``(E) Executive Order 13694 (80 Fed. Reg. 18077; 
                relating to blocking the property of certain persons 
                engaging in significant malicious cyber-enabled 
                activities).
                    ``(F) Executive Order 13757 (82 Fed. Reg. 1; 
                relating to taking additional steps to address the 
                national emergency with respect to significant 
                malicious cyber-enabled activities).
            ``(2) Foreign person.--The term `foreign person' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 595.304 of title 31, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of the enactment 
        of the Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act 
        of 2017).
            ``(3) Structured.--The term `structured', with respect to a 
        transaction, has the meaning given the term `structure' in 
        paragraph (xx) of section 1010.100 of title 31, Code of Federal 
        Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or 
        ruling).

``SEC. 11. MANDATORY IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO 
              TRANSACTIONS WITH PERSONS RESPONSIBLE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 
              ABUSES.

    ``(a) In General.--The President shall impose the sanctions 
described in subsection (b) with respect to a foreign person if the 
President determines that the foreign person, based on credible 
information, on or after the date of the enactment of the Countering 
Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017--
            ``(1) is responsible for, complicit in, or responsible for 
        ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, the commission 
        of serious human rights abuses in any territory forcibly 
        occupied or otherwise controlled by the Government of the 
        Russian Federation;
            ``(2) materially assists, sponsors, or provides financial, 
        material, or technological support for, or goods or services 
        to, a foreign person described in paragraph (1); or
            ``(3) is owned or controlled by, or acts or purports to act 
        for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, a foreign person 
        described in paragraph (1).
    ``(b) Sanctions Described.--
            ``(1) Asset blocking.--The exercise of all powers granted 
        to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers 
        Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block 
        and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in 
        property of a person determined by the President to be subject 
        to subsection (a) if such property and interests in property 
        are in the United States, come within the United States, or are 
        or come within the possession or control of a United States 
        person.
            ``(2) Exclusion from the united states and revocation of 
        visa or other documentation.--In the case of an alien 
        determined by the President to be subject to subsection (a), 
        denial of a visa to, and exclusion from the United States of, 
        the alien, and revocation in accordance with section 221(i) of 
        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), of any 
        visa or other documentation of the alien.
    ``(c) Application of New Sanctions.--The President may waive the 
initial application of sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a 
person only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees--
            ``(1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    ``(A) is in the vital national security interests 
                of the United States; or
                    ``(B) will further the enforcement of this Act; and
            ``(2) a certification that the Government of the Russian 
        Federation has made efforts to reduce serious human rights 
        abuses in territory forcibly occupied or otherwise controlled 
        by that Government.
    ``(d) Implementation; Penalties.--
            ``(1) Implementation.--The President may exercise all 
        authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 
        205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
        U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out subsection (b)(1).
            ``(2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
        violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
        subsection (b)(1) or any regulation, license, or order issued 
        to carry out subsection (b)(1) shall be subject to the 
        penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 
        of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 
        1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 
        act described in subsection (a) of that section.
    ``(e) Termination.--Subject to section 216 of the Russia Sanctions 
Review Act of 2017, the President may terminate the application of 
sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a person if the 
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees--
            ``(1) a notice of and justification for the termination; 
        and
            ``(2) a notice--
                    ``(A) that--
                            ``(i) the person is not engaging in the 
                        activity that was the basis for the sanctions 
                        or has taken significant verifiable steps 
                        toward stopping the activity; and
                            ``(ii) the President has received reliable 
                        assurances that the person will not knowingly 
                        engage in activity subject to sanctions under 
                        subsection (a) in the future; or
                    ``(B) that the President determines that 
                insufficient basis exists for the determination by the 
                President under subsection (a) with respect to the 
                person.''.
    (b) Definition of Appropriate Congressional Committees.--Section 
2(2) of the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and 
Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8901(2)) is 
amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs,'' before ``the Committee 
        on Foreign Relations''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``the Committee on 
        Financial Services'' before ``the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs''.

SEC. 229. NOTIFICATIONS TO CONGRESS UNDER UKRAINE FREEDOM SUPPORT ACT 
              OF 2014.

    (a) Sanctions Relating to Defense and Energy Sectors of the Russian 
Federation.--Section 4 of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 
U.S.C. 8923) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (g) and (h) as subsections 
        (h) and (i), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Notifications and Certifications to Congress.--
            ``(1) Imposition of sanctions.--The President shall notify 
        the appropriate congressional committees in writing not later 
        than 15 days after imposing sanctions with respect to a foreign 
        person under subsection (a) or (b).
            ``(2) Termination of sanctions with respect to russian 
        producers, transferors, or brokers of defense articles.--
        Subject to section 216 of the Russia Sanctions Review Act of 
        2017, the President may terminate the imposition of sanctions 
        under subsection (a)(2) with respect to a foreign person if the 
        President submits to the appropriate congressional committees--
                    ``(A) a notice of and justification for the 
                termination; and
                    ``(B) a notice that--
                            ``(i) the foreign person is not engaging in 
                        the activity that was the basis for the 
                        sanctions or has taken significant verifiable 
                        steps toward stopping the activity; and
                            ``(ii) the President has received reliable 
                        assurances that the foreign person will not 
                        knowingly engage in activity subject to 
                        sanctions under subsection (a)(2) in the 
                        future.''; and
            (3) in subparagraph (B)(ii) of subsection (a)(3), by 
        striking ``subsection (h)'' and inserting ``subsection (i)''.
    (b) Sanctions on Russian and Other Foreign Financial 
Institutions.--Section 5 of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 
U.S.C. 8924) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
        (f) and (g), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Notification to Congress on Imposition of Sanctions.--The 
President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees in 
writing not later than 15 days after imposing sanctions with respect to 
a foreign financial institution under subsection (a) or (b).''; and
            (3) in subsection (g), as redesignated by paragraph (1), by 
        striking ``section 4(h)'' and inserting ``section 4(i)''.

SEC. 230. STANDARDS FOR TERMINATION OF CERTAIN SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT 
              TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) Sanctions Relating to Undermining the Peace, Security, 
Stability, Sovereignty, or Territorial Integrity of Ukraine.--Section 8 
of the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of 
Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8907) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Termination.--Subject to section 216 of the Russia Sanctions 
Review Act of 2017, the President may terminate the application of 
sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a person if the 
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notice 
that--
            ``(1) the person is not engaging in the activity that was 
        the basis for the sanctions or has taken significant verifiable 
        steps toward stopping the activity; and
            ``(2) the President has received reliable assurances that 
        the person will not knowingly engage in activity subject to 
        sanctions under subsection (a) in the future.''.
    (b) Sanctions Relating to Corruption.--Section 9 of the 
Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine 
Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8908) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Termination.--Subject to section 216 of the Russia Sanctions 
Review Act of 2017, the President may terminate the application of 
sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a person if the 
President submits to the appropriate congressional committees a notice 
that--
            ``(1) the person is not engaging in the activity that was 
        the basis for the sanctions or has taken significant verifiable 
        steps toward stopping the activity; and
            ``(2) the President has received reliable assurances that 
        the person will not knowingly engage in activity subject to 
        sanctions under subsection (a) in the future.''.

SEC. 231. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS ENGAGING IN 
              TRANSACTIONS WITH THE INTELLIGENCE OR DEFENSE SECTORS OF 
              THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose 5 or more 
of the sanctions described in section 235 with respect to a person the 
President determines knowingly, on or after such date of enactment, 
engages in a significant transaction with a person that is part of, or 
operates for or on behalf of, the defense or intelligence sectors of 
the Government of the Russian Federation, including the Main 
Intelligence Agency of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the 
Russian Federation or the Federal Security Service of the Russian 
Federation.
    (b) Application of New Sanctions.--The President may waive the 
initial application of sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a 
person only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees--
            (1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    (A) is in the vital national security interests of 
                the United States; or
                    (B) will further the enforcement of this title; and
            (2) a certification that the Government of the Russian 
        Federation has made significant efforts to reduce the number 
        and intensity of cyber intrusions conducted by that Government.

SEC. 232. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PIPELINES IN THE 
              RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--The President may impose 5 or more of the 
sanctions described in section 235 with respect to a person if the 
President determines that the person knowingly, on or after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, makes an investment described in subsection 
(b) or sells, leases, or provides to the Russian Federation, for the 
construction of Russian energy export pipelines, goods, services, 
technology, information, or support described in subsection (c)--
            (1) any of which has a fair market value of $1,000,000 or 
        more; or
            (2) that, during a 12-month period, have an aggregate fair 
        market value of $5,000,000 or more.
    (b) Investment Described.--An investment described in this 
subsection is an investment that directly and significantly contributes 
to the enhancement of the ability of the Russian Federation to 
construct energy export pipelines.
    (c) Goods, Services, Technology, Information, or Support 
Described.--Goods, services, technology, information, or support 
described in this subsection are goods, services, technology, 
information, or support that could directly and significantly 
facilitate the maintenance or expansion of the construction, 
modernization, or repair of energy pipelines by the Russian Federation.

SEC. 233. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO INVESTMENT IN OR FACILITATION OF 
              PRIVATIZATION OF STATE-OWNED ASSETS BY THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--The President shall impose 5 or more of the 
sanctions described in section 235 if the President determines that a 
person, with actual knowledge, on or after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, makes an investment of $10,000,000 or more (or any 
combination of investments of not less than $1,000,000 each, which in 
the aggregate equals or exceeds $10,000,000 in any 12-month period), or 
facilitates such an investment, if the investment directly and 
significantly contributes to the ability of the Russian Federation to 
privatize state-owned assets in a manner that unjustly benefits--
            (1) officials of the Government of the Russian Federation; 
        or
            (2) close associates or family members of those officials.
    (b) Application of New Sanctions.--The President may waive the 
initial application of sanctions under subsection (a) with respect to a 
person only if the President submits to the appropriate congressional 
committees--
            (1) a written determination that the waiver--
                    (A) is in the vital national security interests of 
                the United States; or
                    (B) will further the enforcement of this title; and
            (2) a certification that the Government of the Russian 
        Federation is taking steps to implement the Minsk Agreement to 
        address the ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine, signed in 
        Minsk, Belarus, on February 11, 2015, by the leaders of 
        Ukraine, Russia, France, and Germany, the Minsk Protocol, which 
        was agreed to on September 5, 2014, and any successor 
        agreements that are agreed to by the Government of Ukraine.

SEC. 234. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE TRANSFER OF ARMS AND RELATED 
              MATERIEL TO SYRIA.

    (a) Imposition of Sanctions.--
            (1) In general.--The President shall impose on a foreign 
        person the sanctions described in subsection (b) if the 
        President determines that such foreign person has, on or after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, knowingly exported, 
        transferred, or otherwise provided to Syria significant 
        financial, material, or technological support that contributes 
        materially to the ability of the Government of Syria to--
                    (A) acquire or develop chemical, biological, or 
                nuclear weapons or related technologies;
                    (B) acquire or develop ballistic or cruise missile 
                capabilities;
                    (C) acquire or develop destabilizing numbers and 
                types of advanced conventional weapons;
                    (D) acquire significant defense articles, defense 
                services, or defense information (as such terms are 
                defined under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
                2751 et seq.)); or
                    (E) acquire items designated by the President for 
                purposes of the United States Munitions List under 
                section 38(a)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 
                U.S.C. 2778(a)(1)).
            (2) Applicability to other foreign persons.--The sanctions 
        described in subsection (b) shall also be imposed on any 
        foreign person that--
                    (A) is a successor entity to a foreign person 
                described in paragraph (1); or
                    (B) is owned or controlled by, or has acted for or 
                on behalf of, a foreign person described in paragraph 
                (1).
    (b) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions to be imposed on a foreign 
person described in subsection (a) are the following:
            (1) Blocking of property.--The President shall exercise all 
        powers granted by the International Emergency Economic Powers 
        Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the requirements of 
        section 202 of such Act (50 U.S.C. 1701) shall not apply) to 
        the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in 
        all property and interests in property of the foreign person if 
        such property and interests in property are in the United 
        States, come within the United States, or are or come within 
        the possession or control of a United States person.
            (2) Aliens ineligible for visas, admission, or parole.--
                    (A) Exclusion from the united states.--If the 
                foreign person is an individual, the Secretary of State 
                shall deny a visa to, and the Secretary of Homeland 
                Security shall exclude from the United States, the 
                foreign person.
                    (B) Current visas revoked.--
                            (i) In general.--The issuing consular 
                        officer, the Secretary of State, or the 
                        Secretary of Homeland Security (or a designee 
                        of one of such Secretaries) shall revoke any 
                        visa or other entry documentation issued to the 
                        foreign person regardless of when issued.
                            (ii) Effect of revocation.--A revocation 
                        under clause (i) shall take effect immediately 
                        and shall automatically cancel any other valid 
                        visa or entry documentation that is in the 
                        possession of the foreign person.
    (c) Waiver.--Subject to section 216, the President may waive the 
application of sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a person 
if the President determines that such a waiver is in the national 
security interest of the United States.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Financial, material, or technological support.--The 
        term ``financial, material, or technological support'' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 542.304 of title 31, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or 
        ruling).
            (2) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 594.304 of title 31, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or 
        ruling).
            (3) Syria.--The term ``Syria'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 542.316 of title 31, Code of Federal 
        Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or 
        ruling).

SEC. 235. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.

    (a) Sanctions Described.--The sanctions to be imposed with respect 
to a person under section 224(a)(2), 231(b), 232(a), or 233(a) are the 
following:
            (1) Export-import bank assistance for exports to sanctioned 
        persons.--The President may direct the Export-Import Bank of 
        the United States not to give approval to the issuance of any 
        guarantee, insurance, extension of credit, or participation in 
        the extension of credit in connection with the export of any 
        goods or services to the sanctioned person.
            (2) Export sanction.--The President may order the United 
        States Government not to issue any specific license and not to 
        grant any other specific permission or authority to export any 
        goods or technology to the sanctioned person under--
                    (A) the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 
                U.S.C. 4601 et seq.) (as continued in effect pursuant 
                to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
                U.S.C. 1701 et seq.));
                    (B) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et 
                seq.);
                    (C) the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 
                et seq.); or
                    (D) any other statute that requires the prior 
                review and approval of the United States Government as 
                a condition for the export or reexport of goods or 
                services.
            (3) Loans from united states financial institutions.--The 
        President may prohibit any United States financial institution 
        from making loans or providing credits to the sanctioned person 
        totaling more than $10,000,000 in any 12-month period unless 
        the person is engaged in activities to relieve human suffering 
        and the loans or credits are provided for such activities.
            (4) Loans from international financial institutions.--The 
        President may direct the United States executive director to 
        each international financial institution to use the voice and 
        vote of the United States to oppose any loan from the 
        international financial institution that would benefit the 
        sanctioned person.
            (5) Prohibitions on financial institutions.--The following 
        prohibitions may be imposed against the sanctioned person if 
        that person is a financial institution:
                    (A) Prohibition on designation as primary dealer.--
                Neither the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
                System nor the Federal Reserve Bank of New York may 
                designate, or permit the continuation of any prior 
                designation of, the financial institution as a primary 
                dealer in United States Government debt instruments.
                    (B) Prohibition on service as a repository of 
                government funds.--The financial institution may not 
                serve as agent of the United States Government or serve 
                as repository for United States Government funds.
        The imposition of either sanction under subparagraph (A) or (B) 
        shall be treated as 1 sanction for purposes of subsection (b), 
        and the imposition of both such sanctions shall be treated as 2 
        sanctions for purposes of subsection (b).
            (6) Procurement sanction.--The United States Government may 
        not procure, or enter into any contract for the procurement of, 
        any goods or services from the sanctioned person.
            (7) Foreign exchange.--The President may, pursuant to such 
        regulations as the President may prescribe, prohibit any 
        transactions in foreign exchange that are subject to the 
        jurisdiction of the United States and in which the sanctioned 
        person has any interest.
            (8) Banking transactions.--The President may, pursuant to 
        such regulations as the President may prescribe, prohibit any 
        transfers of credit or payments between financial institutions 
        or by, through, or to any financial institution, to the extent 
        that such transfers or payments are subject to the jurisdiction 
        of the United States and involve any interest of the sanctioned 
        person.
            (9) Property transactions.--The President may, pursuant to 
        such regulations as the President may prescribe, prohibit any 
        person from--
                    (A) acquiring, holding, withholding, using, 
                transferring, withdrawing, transporting, importing, or 
                exporting any property that is subject to the 
                jurisdiction of the United States and with respect to 
                which the sanctioned person has any interest;
                    (B) dealing in or exercising any right, power, or 
                privilege with respect to such property; or
                    (C) conducting any transaction involving such 
                property.
            (10) Ban on investment in equity or debt of sanctioned 
        person.--The President may, pursuant to such regulations or 
        guidelines as the President may prescribe, prohibit any United 
        States person from investing in or purchasing significant 
        amounts of equity or debt instruments of the sanctioned person.
            (11) Exclusion of corporate officers.--The President may 
        direct the Secretary of State to deny a visa to, and the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security to exclude from the United 
        States, any alien that the President determines is a corporate 
        officer or principal of, or a shareholder with a controlling 
        interest in, the sanctioned person.
            (12) Sanctions on principal executive officers.--The 
        President may impose on the principal executive officer or 
        officers of the sanctioned person, or on persons performing 
        similar functions and with similar authorities as such officer 
        or officers, any of the sanctions under this subsection.
    (b) Sanctioned Person Defined.--In this section, the term 
``sanctioned person'' means a person subject to sanctions under section 
224(a)(2), 231(b), 232(a), or 233(a).

SEC. 236. EXCEPTIONS, WAIVER, AND TERMINATION.

    (a) Exceptions.--The provisions of this part and amendments made by 
this part shall not apply with respect to the following:
            (1) Activities subject to the reporting requirements under 
        title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et 
        seq.), or any authorized intelligence activities of the United 
        States.
            (2) The admission of an alien to the United States if such 
        admission is necessary to comply with United States obligations 
        under the Agreement between the United Nations and the United 
        States of America regarding the Headquarters of the United 
        Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into 
        force November 21, 1947, under the Convention on Consular 
        Relations, done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and entered into 
        force March 19, 1967, or under other international agreements.
    (b) Exception Relating to Importation of Goods.--No requirement to 
impose sanctions under this part or an amendment made by this part 
shall include the authority to impose sanctions on the importation of 
goods.
    (c) Waiver of Sanctions That Are Imposed.--Subject to section 216, 
if the President imposes sanctions with respect to a person under this 
part or the amendments made by this part, the President may waive the 
application of those sanctions if the President determines that such a 
waiver is in the national security interest of the United States.
    (d) Termination.--Subject to section 216, the President may 
terminate the application of sanctions under section 224, 231, 232, 
233, or 234 with respect to a person if the President submits to the 
appropriate congressional committees--
            (1) a notice of and justification for the termination; and
            (2) a notice that--
                    (A) the person is not engaging in the activity that 
                was the basis for the sanctions or has taken 
                significant verifiable steps toward stopping the 
                activity; and
                    (B) the President has received reliable assurances 
                that the person will not knowingly engage in activity 
                subject to sanctions under this part in the future.

SEC. 237. EXCEPTION RELATING TO ACTIVITIES OF THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS 
              AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION.

    (a) In General.--This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall 
not apply with respect to activities of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration.
    (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this Act or the amendments 
made by this Act shall be construed to authorize the imposition of any 
sanction or other condition, limitation, restriction, or prohibition, 
that directly or indirectly impedes the supply by any entity of the 
Russian Federation of any product or service, or the procurement of 
such product or service by any contractor or subcontractor of the 
United States or any other entity, relating to or in connection with 
any space launch conducted for--
            (1) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; or
            (2) any other non-Department of Defense customer.

SEC. 238. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this part or the amendments made by this part shall be 
construed--
            (1) to supersede the limitations or exceptions on the use 
        of rocket engines for national security purposes under section 
        1608 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. ``Buck'' McKeon National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113-
        291; 128 Stat. 3626; 10 U.S.C. 2271 note), as amended by 
        section 1607 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114-92; 129 Stat. 1100) and 
        section 1602 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 130 Stat. 2582); or
            (2) to prohibit a contractor or subcontractor of the 
        Department of Defense from acquiring components referred to in 
        such section 1608.

                           PART III--REPORTS

SEC. 241. REPORT ON OLIGARCHS AND PARASTATAL ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation 
with the Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a detailed 
report on the following:
            (1) Senior foreign political figures and oligarchs in the 
        Russian Federation, including the following:
                    (A) An identification of the most significant 
                senior foreign political figures and oligarchs in the 
                Russian Federation, as determined by their closeness to 
                the Russian regime and their net worth.
                    (B) An assessment of the relationship between 
                individuals identified under subparagraph (A) and 
                President Vladimir Putin or other members of the 
                Russian ruling elite.
                    (C) An identification of any indices of corruption 
                with respect to those individuals.
                    (D) The estimated net worth and known sources of 
                income of those individuals and their family members 
                (including spouses, children, parents, and siblings), 
                including assets, investments, other business 
                interests, and relevant beneficial ownership 
                information.
                    (E) An identification of the non-Russian business 
                affiliations of those individuals.
            (2) Russian parastatal entities, including an assessment of 
        the following:
                    (A) The emergence of Russian parastatal entities 
                and their role in the economy of the Russian 
                Federation.
                    (B) The leadership structures and beneficial 
                ownership of those entities.
                    (C) The scope of the non-Russian business 
                affiliations of those entities.
            (3) The exposure of key economic sectors of the United 
        States to Russian politically exposed persons and parastatal 
        entities, including, at a minimum, the banking, securities, 
        insurance, and real estate sectors.
            (4) The likely effects of imposing debt and equity 
        restrictions on Russian parastatal entities, as well as the 
        anticipated effects of adding Russian parastatal entities to 
        the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons 
        maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the 
        Department of the Treasury.
            (5) The potential impacts of imposing secondary sanctions 
        with respect to Russian oligarchs, Russian state-owned 
        enterprises, and Russian parastatal entities, including impacts 
        on the entities themselves and on the economy of the Russian 
        Federation, as well as on the economies of the United States 
        and allies of the United States.
    (b) Form of Report.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in an unclassified form, but may contain a classified 
annex.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the 
                Committee on Finance of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee 
                on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
                Means of the House of Representatives.
            (2) Senior foreign political figure.--The term ``senior 
        foreign political figure'' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 1010.605 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (or 
        any corresponding similar regulation or ruling).

SEC. 242. REPORT ON EFFECTS OF EXPANDING SANCTIONS TO INCLUDE SOVEREIGN 
              DEBT AND DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation 
with the Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
describing in detail the potential effects of expanding sanctions under 
Directive 1 (as amended), dated September 12, 2014, issued by the 
Office of Foreign Assets Control under Executive Order 13662 (79 Fed. 
Reg. 16169; relating to blocking property of additional persons 
contributing to the situation in Ukraine), or any successor directive, 
to include sovereign debt and the full range of derivative products.
    (b) Form of Report.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in an unclassified form, but may contain a classified 
annex.
    (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, 
        the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Committee on 
        Finance of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 243. REPORT ON ILLICIT FINANCE RELATING TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and not later than the end of each one-year 
period thereafter until 2021, the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report describing 
interagency efforts in the United States to combat illicit finance 
relating to the Russian Federation.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall contain 
a summary of efforts by the United States to do the following:
            (1) Identify, investigate, map, and disrupt illicit 
        financial flows linked to the Russian Federation if such flows 
        affect the United States financial system or those of major 
        allies of the United States.
            (2) Conduct outreach to the private sector, including 
        information sharing efforts to strengthen compliance efforts by 
        entities, including financial institutions, to prevent illicit 
        financial flows described in paragraph (1).
            (3) Engage and coordinate with allied international 
        partners on illicit finance, especially in Europe, to 
        coordinate efforts to uncover and prosecute the networks 
        responsible for illicit financial flows described in paragraph 
        (1), including examples of that engagement and coordination.
            (4) Identify foreign sanctions evaders and loopholes within 
        the sanctions regimes of foreign partners of the United States.
            (5) Expand the number of real estate geographic targeting 
        orders or other regulatory actions, as appropriate, to degrade 
        illicit financial activity relating to the Russian Federation 
        in relation to the financial system of the United States.
            (6) Provide support to counter those involved in illicit 
        finance relating to the Russian Federation across all 
        appropriate law enforcement, intelligence, regulatory, and 
        financial authorities of the Federal Government, including by 
        imposing sanctions with respect to or prosecuting those 
        involved.
            (7) In the case of the Department of the Treasury and the 
        Department of Justice, investigate or otherwise develop major 
        cases, including a description of those cases.
    (c) Briefing.--After submitting a report under this section, the 
Secretary of the Treasury shall provide briefings to the appropriate 
congressional committees with respect to that report.
    (d) Coordination.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall coordinate 
with the Attorney General, the Director of National Intelligence, the 
Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Secretary of State in preparing 
each report under this section.
    (e) Form.--Each report submitted under this section shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex.
    (f) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the 
                Committee on Finance of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee 
                on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
                Means of the House of Representatives.
            (2) Illicit finance.--The term ``illicit finance'' means 
        the financing of terrorism, narcotics trafficking, or 
        proliferation, money laundering, or other forms of illicit 
        financing domestically or internationally, as defined by the 
        President.

     Subtitle B--Countering Russian Influence in Europe and Eurasia

SEC. 251. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Government of the Russian Federation has sought to 
        exert influence throughout Europe and Eurasia, including in the 
        former states of the Soviet Union, by providing resources to 
        political parties, think tanks, and civil society groups that 
        sow distrust in democratic institutions and actors, promote 
        xenophobic and illiberal views, and otherwise undermine 
        European unity. The Government of the Russian Federation has 
        also engaged in well-documented corruption practices as a means 
        toward undermining and buying influence in European and 
        Eurasian countries.
            (2) The Government of the Russian Federation has largely 
        eliminated a once-vibrant Russian-language independent media 
        sector and severely curtails free and independent media within 
        the borders of the Russian Federation. Russian-language media 
        organizations that are funded and controlled by the Government 
        of the Russian Federation and disseminate information within 
        and outside of the Russian Federation routinely traffic in 
        anti-Western disinformation, while few independent, fact-based 
        media sources provide objective reporting for Russian-speaking 
        audiences inside or outside of the Russian Federation.
            (3) The Government of the Russian Federation continues to 
        violate its commitments under the Memorandum on Security 
        Assurances in connection with Ukraine's Accession to the Treaty 
        on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Budapest 
        December 5, 1994, and the Conference on Security and Co-
        operation in Europe Final Act, concluded at Helsinki August 1, 
        1975 (commonly referred to as the ``Helsinki Final Act''), 
        which laid the ground-work for the establishment of the 
        Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, of which 
        the Russian Federation is a member, by its illegal annexation 
        of Crimea in 2014, its illegal occupation of South Ossetia and 
        Abkhazia in Georgia in 2008, and its ongoing destabilizing 
        activities in eastern Ukraine.
            (4) The Government of the Russian Federation continues to 
        ignore the terms of the August 2008 ceasefire agreement 
        relating to Georgia, which requires the withdrawal of Russian 
        Federation troops, free access by humanitarian groups to the 
        regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, and monitoring of the 
        conflict areas by the European Union Monitoring Mission.
            (5) The Government of the Russian Federation is failing to 
        comply with the terms of the Minsk Agreement to address the 
        ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine, signed in Minsk, Belarus, 
        on February 11, 2015, by the leaders of Ukraine, Russia, 
        France, and Germany, as well as the Minsk Protocol, which was 
        agreed to on September 5, 2014.
            (6) The Government of the Russian Federation is--
                    (A) in violation of the Treaty between the United 
                States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist 
                Republics on the Elimination of their Intermediate-
                Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, signed at Washington 
                December 8, 1987, and entered into force June 1, 1988 
                (commonly known as the ``INF Treaty''); and
                    (B) failing to meet its obligations under the 
                Treaty on Open Skies, done at Helsinki March 24, 1992, 
                and entered into force January 1, 2002 (commonly known 
                as the ``Open Skies Treaty'').

SEC. 252. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Government of the Russian Federation bears 
        responsibility for the continuing violence in Eastern Ukraine, 
        including the death on April 24, 2017, of Joseph Stone, a 
        citizen of the United States working as a monitor for the 
        Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe;
            (2) the President should call on the Government of the 
        Russian Federation--
                    (A) to withdraw all of its forces from the 
                territories of Georgia, Ukraine, and Moldova;
                    (B) to return control of the borders of those 
                territories to their respective governments; and
                    (C) to cease all efforts to undermine the popularly 
                elected governments of those countries;
            (3) the Government of the Russian Federation has applied, 
        and continues to apply, to the countries and peoples of Georgia 
        and Ukraine, traditional uses of force, intelligence 
        operations, and influence campaigns, which represent clear and 
        present threats to the countries of Europe and Eurasia;
            (4) in response, the countries of Europe and Eurasia should 
        redouble efforts to build resilience within their institutions, 
        political systems, and civil societies;
            (5) the United States supports the institutions that the 
        Government of the Russian Federation seeks to undermine, 
        including the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the 
        European Union;
            (6) a strong North Atlantic Treaty Organization is critical 
        to maintaining peace and security in Europe and Eurasia;
            (7) the United States should continue to work with the 
        European Union as a partner against aggression by the 
        Government of the Russian Federation, coordinating aid 
        programs, development assistance, and other counter-Russian 
        efforts;
            (8) the United States should encourage the establishment of 
        a commission for media freedom within the Council of Europe, 
        modeled on the Venice Commission regarding rule of law issues, 
        that would be chartered to provide governments with expert 
        recommendations on maintaining legal and regulatory regimes 
        supportive of free and independent media and an informed 
        citizenry able to distinguish between fact-based reporting, 
        opinion, and disinformation;
            (9) in addition to working to strengthen the North Atlantic 
        Treaty Organization and the European Union, the United States 
        should work with the individual countries of Europe and 
        Eurasia--
                    (A) to identify vulnerabilities to aggression, 
                disinformation, corruption, and so-called hybrid 
                warfare by the Government of the Russian Federation;
                    (B) to establish strategic and technical plans for 
                addressing those vulnerabilities;
                    (C) to ensure that the financial systems of those 
                countries are not being used to shield illicit 
                financial activity by officials of the Government of 
                the Russian Federation or individuals in President 
                Vladimir Putin's inner circle who have been enriched 
                through corruption;
                    (D) to investigate and prosecute cases of 
                corruption by Russian actors; and
                    (E) to work toward full compliance with the 
                Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public 
                Officials in International Business Transactions 
                (commonly referred to as the ``Anti-Bribery 
                Convention'') of the Organization for Economic Co-
                operation and Development; and
            (10) the President of the United States should use the 
        authority of the President to impose sanctions under--
                    (A) the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability 
                Act of 2012 (title IV of Public Law 112-208; 22 U.S.C. 
                5811 note); and
                    (B) the Global Magnitsky Human Rights 
                Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public 
                Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note).

SEC. 253. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    The United States, consistent with the principle of ex injuria jus 
non oritur, supports the policy known as the ``Stimson Doctrine'' and 
thus does not recognize territorial changes effected by force, 
including the illegal invasions and occupations of Abkhazia, South 
Ossetia, Crimea, Eastern Ukraine, and Transnistria.

SEC. 254. COORDINATING AID AND ASSISTANCE ACROSS EUROPE AND EURASIA.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated for the Countering Russian Influence Fund $250,000,000 for 
fiscal years 2018 and 2019.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Amounts in the Countering Russian Influence Fund 
shall be used to effectively implement, prioritized in the following 
order and subject to the availability of funds, the following goals:
            (1) To assist in protecting critical infrastructure and 
        electoral mechanisms from cyberattacks in the following 
        countries:
                    (A) Countries that are members of the North 
                Atlantic Treaty Organization or the European Union that 
                the Secretary of State determines--
                            (i) are vulnerable to influence by the 
                        Russian Federation; and
                            (ii) lack the economic capability to 
                        effectively respond to aggression by the 
                        Russian Federation without the support of the 
                        United States.
                    (B) Countries that are participating in the 
                enlargement process of the North Atlantic Treaty 
                Organization or the European Union, including Albania, 
                Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Macedonia, Moldova, 
                Kosovo, Serbia, and Ukraine.
            (2) To combat corruption, improve the rule of law, and 
        otherwise strengthen independent judiciaries and prosecutors 
        general offices in the countries described in paragraph (1).
            (3) To respond to the humanitarian crises and instability 
        caused or aggravated by the invasions and occupations of 
        Georgia and Ukraine by the Russian Federation.
            (4) To improve participatory legislative processes and 
        legal education, political transparency and competition, and 
        compliance with international obligations in the countries 
        described in paragraph (1).
            (5) To build the capacity of civil society, media, and 
        other nongovernmental organizations countering the influence 
        and propaganda of the Russian Federation to combat corruption, 
        prioritize access to truthful information, and operate freely 
        in all regions in the countries described in paragraph (1).
            (6) To assist the Secretary of State in executing the 
        functions specified in section 1287(b) of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 22 
        U.S.C. 2656 note) for the purposes of recognizing, 
        understanding, exposing, and countering propaganda and 
        disinformation efforts by foreign governments, in coordination 
        with the relevant regional Assistant Secretary or Assistant 
        Secretaries of the Department of State.
    (c) Revision of Activities for Which Amounts May Be Used.--The 
Secretary of State may modify the goals described in subsection (b) if, 
not later than 15 days before revising such a goal, the Secretary 
notifies the appropriate congressional committees of the revision.
    (d) Implementation.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall, acting 
        through the Coordinator of United States Assistance to Europe 
        and Eurasia (authorized pursuant to section 601 of the Support 
        for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 (22 U.S.C. 5461) 
        and section 102 of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian 
        Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992 (22 U.S.C. 
        5812)), and in consultation with the Administrator for the 
        United States Agency for International Development, the 
        Director of the Global Engagement Center of the Department of 
        State, the Secretary of Defense, the Chairman of the 
        Broadcasting Board of Governors, and the heads of other 
        relevant Federal agencies, coordinate and carry out activities 
        to achieve the goals described in subsection (b).
            (2) Method.--Activities to achieve the goals described in 
        subsection (b) shall be carried out through--
                    (A) initiatives of the United States Government;
                    (B) Federal grant programs such as the Information 
                Access Fund; or
                    (C) nongovernmental or international organizations, 
                such as the Organization for Security and Co-operation 
                in Europe, the National Endowment for Democracy, the 
                Black Sea Trust, the Balkan Trust for Democracy, the 
                Prague Civil Society Centre, the North Atlantic Treaty 
                Organization Strategic Communications Centre of 
                Excellence, the European Endowment for Democracy, and 
                related organizations.
            (3) Report on implementation.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than April 1 of each 
                year, the Secretary of State, acting through the 
                Coordinator of United States Assistance to Europe and 
                Eurasia, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a report on the programs and activities 
                carried out to achieve the goals described in 
                subsection (b) during the preceding fiscal year.
                    (B) Elements.--Each report required by subparagraph 
                (A) shall include, with respect to each program or 
                activity described in that subparagraph--
                            (i) the amount of funding for the program 
                        or activity;
                            (ii) the goal described in subsection (b) 
                        to which the program or activity relates; and
                            (iii) an assessment of whether or not the 
                        goal was met.
    (e) Coordination With Global Partners.--
            (1) In general.--In order to maximize cost efficiency, 
        eliminate duplication, and speed the achievement of the goals 
        described in subsection (b), the Secretary of State shall 
        ensure coordination with--
                    (A) the European Union and its institutions;
                    (B) the governments of countries that are members 
                of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or the 
                European Union; and
                    (C) international organizations and quasi-
                governmental funding entities that carry out programs 
                and activities that seek to accomplish the goals 
                described in subsection (b).
            (2) Report by secretary of state.--Not later than April 1 
        of each year, the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a report that includes--
                    (A) the amount of funding provided to each country 
                referred to in subsection (b) by--
                            (i) the European Union or its institutions;
                            (ii) the government of each country that is 
                        a member of the European Union or the North 
                        Atlantic Treaty Organization; and
                            (iii) international organizations and 
                        quasi-governmental funding entities that carry 
                        out programs and activities that seek to 
                        accomplish the goals described in subsection 
                        (b); and
                    (B) an assessment of whether the funding described 
                in subparagraph (A) is commensurate with funding 
                provided by the United States for those goals.
    (f) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to apply to or limit United States foreign assistance not 
provided using amounts available in the Countering Russian Influence 
Fund.
    (g) Ensuring Adequate Staffing for Governance Activities.--In order 
to ensure that the United States Government is properly focused on 
combating corruption, improving rule of law, and building the capacity 
of civil society, media, and other nongovernmental organizations in 
countries described in subsection (b)(1), the Secretary of State shall 
establish a pilot program for Foreign Service officer positions focused 
on governance and anticorruption activities in such countries.

SEC. 255. REPORT ON MEDIA ORGANIZATIONS CONTROLLED AND FUNDED BY THE 
              GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
includes a description of media organizations that are controlled and 
funded by the Government of the Russian Federation, and any affiliated 
entities, whether operating within or outside the Russian Federation, 
including broadcast and satellite-based television, radio, Internet, 
and print media organizations.
    (b) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 256. REPORT ON RUSSIAN FEDERATION INFLUENCE ON ELECTIONS IN EUROPE 
              AND EURASIA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on funds 
provided by, or funds the use of which was directed by, the Government 
of the Russian Federation or any Russian person with the intention of 
influencing the outcome of any election or campaign in any country in 
Europe or Eurasia during the preceding year, including through direct 
support to any political party, candidate, lobbying campaign, 
nongovernmental organization, or civic organization.
    (b) Form of Report.--Each report required by subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
    (c) Russian Person Defined.--In this section, the term ``Russian 
person'' means--
            (1) an individual who is a citizen or national of the 
        Russian Federation; or
            (2) an entity organized under the laws of the Russian 
        Federation or otherwise subject to the jurisdiction of the 
        Government of the Russian Federation.

SEC. 257. UKRANIAN ENERGY SECURITY.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to support the Government of Ukraine in restoring its 
        sovereign and territorial integrity;
            (2) to condemn and oppose all of the destabilizing efforts 
        by the Government of the Russian Federation in Ukraine in 
        violation of its obligations and international commitments;
            (3) to never recognize the illegal annexation of Crimea by 
        the Government of the Russian Federation or the separation of 
        any portion of Ukrainian territory through the use of military 
        force;
            (4) to deter the Government of the Russian Federation from 
        further destabilizing and invading Ukraine and other 
        independent countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the 
        Caucuses;
            (5) to assist in promoting reform in regulatory oversight 
        and operations in Ukraine's energy sector, including the 
        establishment and empowerment of an independent regulatory 
        organization;
            (6) to encourage and support fair competition, market 
        liberalization, and reliability in Ukraine's energy sector;
            (7) to help Ukraine and United States allies and partners 
        in Europe reduce their dependence on Russian energy resources, 
        especially natural gas, which the Government of the Russian 
        Federation uses as a weapon to coerce, intimidate, and 
        influence other countries;
            (8) to work with European Union member states and European 
        Union institutions to promote energy security through 
        developing diversified and liberalized energy markets that 
        provide diversified sources, suppliers, and routes;
            (9) to continue to oppose the NordStream 2 pipeline given 
        its detrimental impacts on the European Union's energy 
        security, gas market development in Central and Eastern Europe, 
        and energy reforms in Ukraine; and
            (10) that the United States Government should prioritize 
        the export of United States energy resources in order to create 
        American jobs, help United States allies and partners, and 
        strengthen United States foreign policy.
    (b) Plan To Promote Energy Security in Ukraine.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State, in coordination 
        with the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
        International Development and the Secretary of Energy, shall 
        work with the Government of Ukraine to develop a plan to 
        increase energy security in Ukraine, increase the amount of 
        energy produced in Ukraine, and reduce Ukraine's reliance on 
        energy imports from the Russian Federation.
            (2) Elements.--The plan developed under paragraph (1) shall 
        include strategies for market liberalization, effective 
        regulation and oversight, supply diversification, energy 
        reliability, and energy efficiency, such as through 
        supporting--
                    (A) the promotion of advanced technology and modern 
                operating practices in Ukraine's oil and gas sector;
                    (B) modern geophysical and meteorological survey 
                work as needed followed by international tenders to 
                help attract qualified investment into exploration and 
                development of areas with untapped resources in 
                Ukraine;
                    (C) a broadening of Ukraine's electric power 
                transmission interconnection with Europe;
                    (D) the strengthening of Ukraine's capability to 
                maintain electric power grid stability and reliability;
                    (E) independent regulatory oversight and operations 
                of Ukraine's gas market and electricity sector;
                    (F) the implementation of primary gas law including 
                pricing, tariff structure, and legal regulatory 
                implementation;
                    (G) privatization of government owned energy 
                companies through credible legal frameworks and a 
                transparent process compliant with international best 
                practices;
                    (H) procurement and transport of emergency fuel 
                supplies, including reverse pipeline flows from Europe;
                    (I) provision of technical assistance for crisis 
                planning, crisis response, and public outreach;
                    (J) repair of infrastructure to enable the 
                transport of fuel supplies;
                    (K) repair of power generating or power 
                transmission equipment or facilities; and
                    (L) improved building energy efficiency and other 
                measures designed to reduce energy demand in Ukraine.
            (3) Reports.--
                    (A) Implementation of ukraine freedom support act 
                of 2014 provisions.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
                State shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a report detailing the status of 
                implementing the provisions required under section 7(c) 
                of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 
                8926(c)), including detailing the plans required under 
                that section, the level of funding that has been 
                allocated to and expended for the strategies set forth 
                under that section, and progress that has been made in 
                implementing the strategies developed pursuant to that 
                section.
                    (B) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days 
                thereafter, the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
                appropriate congressional committees a report detailing 
                the plan developed under paragraph (1), the level of 
                funding that has been allocated to and expended for the 
                strategies set forth in paragraph (2), and progress 
                that has been made in implementing the strategies.
                    (C) Briefings.--The Secretary of State, or a 
                designee of the Secretary, shall brief the appropriate 
                congressional committees not later than 30 days after 
                the submission of each report under subparagraph (B). 
                In addition, the Department of State shall make 
                relevant officials available upon request to brief the 
                appropriate congressional committees on all available 
                information that relates directly or indirectly to 
                Ukraine or energy security in Eastern Europe.
                    (D) Appropriate congressional committees defined.--
                In this paragraph, the term ``appropriate congressional 
                committees'' means--
                            (i) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 
                        the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; 
                        and
                            (ii) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 
                        the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                        Representatives.
    (c) Supporting Efforts of Countries in Europe and Eurasia To 
Decrease Their Dependence on Russian Sources of Energy.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                    (A) The Government of the Russian Federation uses 
                its strong position in the energy sector as leverage to 
                manipulate the internal politics and foreign relations 
                of the countries of Europe and Eurasia.
                    (B) This influence is based not only on the Russian 
                Federation's oil and natural gas resources, but also on 
                its state-owned nuclear power and electricity 
                companies.
            (2) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) the United States should assist the efforts of 
                the countries of Europe and Eurasia to enhance their 
                energy security through diversification of energy 
                supplies in order to lessen dependencies on Russian 
                Federation energy resources and state-owned entities; 
                and
                    (B) the Export-Import Bank of the United States and 
                the Overseas Private Investment Corporation should play 
                key roles in supporting critical energy projects that 
                contribute to that goal.
            (3) Use of countering russian influence fund to provide 
        technical assistance.--Amounts in the Countering Russian 
        Influence Fund pursuant to section 254 shall be used to provide 
        technical advice to countries described in subsection (b)(1) of 
        such section designed to enhance energy security and lessen 
        dependence on energy from Russian Federation sources.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated for the Department of State a total of $30,000,000 for 
fiscal years 2018 and 2019 to carry out the strategies set forth in 
subsection (b)(2) and other activities under this section related to 
the promotion of energy security in Ukraine.
    (e) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed as affecting the responsibilities required and authorities 
provided under section 7 of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 
U.S.C. 8926).

SEC. 258. TERMINATION.

    The provisions of this subtitle shall terminate on the date that is 
5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 259. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    Except as otherwise provided, in this subtitle, the term 
``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Armed 
        Services, the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
        Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Select 
        Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Armed Services, the 
        Committee on Homeland Security, the Committee on 
        Appropriations, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
        Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

         Subtitle C--Combating Terrorism and Illicit Financing

  PART I--NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR COMBATING TERRORIST AND OTHER ILLICIT 
                               FINANCING

SEC. 261. DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL STRATEGY.

    (a) In General.--The President, acting through the Secretary, 
shall, in consultation with the Attorney General, the Secretary of 
State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Director of National 
Intelligence, and the appropriate Federal banking agencies and Federal 
functional regulators, develop a national strategy for combating the 
financing of terrorism and related forms of illicit finance.
    (b) Transmittal to Congress.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive national 
        strategy developed in accordance with subsection (a).
            (2) Updates.--Not later than January 31, 2020, and January 
        31, 2022, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
        congressional committees updated versions of the national 
        strategy submitted under paragraph (1).
    (c) Separate Presentation of Classified Material.--Any part of the 
national strategy that involves information that is properly classified 
under criteria established by the President shall be submitted to 
Congress separately in a classified annex and, if requested by the 
chairman or ranking member of one of the appropriate congressional 
committees, as a briefing at an appropriate level of security.

SEC. 262. CONTENTS OF NATIONAL STRATEGY.

    The strategy described in section 261 shall contain the following:
            (1) Evaluation of existing efforts.--An assessment of the 
        effectiveness of and ways in which the United States is 
        currently addressing the highest levels of risk of various 
        forms of illicit finance, including those identified in the 
        documents entitled ``2015 National Money Laundering Risk 
        Assessment'' and ``2015 National Terrorist Financing Risk 
        Assessment'', published by the Department of the Treasury and a 
        description of how the strategy is integrated into, and 
        supports, the broader counter terrorism strategy of the United 
        States.
            (2) Goals, objectives, and priorities.--A comprehensive, 
        research-based, long-range, quantifiable discussion of goals, 
        objectives, and priorities for disrupting and preventing 
        illicit finance activities within and transiting the financial 
        system of the United States that outlines priorities to reduce 
        the incidence, dollar value, and effects of illicit finance.
            (3) Threats.--An identification of the most significant 
        illicit finance threats to the financial system of the United 
        States.
            (4) Reviews and proposed changes.--Reviews of enforcement 
        efforts, relevant regulations and relevant provisions of law 
        and, if appropriate, discussions of proposed changes determined 
        to be appropriate to ensure that the United States pursues 
        coordinated and effective efforts at all levels of government, 
        and with international partners of the United States, in the 
        fight against illicit finance.
            (5) Detection and prosecution initiatives.--A description 
        of efforts to improve, as necessary, detection and prosecution 
        of illicit finance, including efforts to ensure that--
                    (A) subject to legal restrictions, all appropriate 
                data collected by the Federal Government that is 
                relevant to the efforts described in this section be 
                available in a timely fashion to--
                            (i) all appropriate Federal departments and 
                        agencies; and
                            (ii) as appropriate and consistent with 
                        section 314 of the International Money 
                        Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-
                        Terrorism Act of 2001 (31 U.S.C. 5311 note), to 
                        financial institutions to assist the financial 
                        institutions in efforts to comply with laws 
                        aimed at curbing illicit finance; and
                    (B) appropriate efforts are undertaken to ensure 
                that Federal departments and agencies charged with 
                reducing and preventing illicit finance make thorough 
                use of publicly available data in furtherance of this 
                effort.
            (6) The role of the private financial sector in prevention 
        of illicit finance.--A discussion of ways to enhance 
        partnerships between the private financial sector and Federal 
        departments and agencies with regard to the prevention and 
        detection of illicit finance, including--
                    (A) efforts to facilitate compliance with laws 
                aimed at stopping such illicit finance while 
                maintaining the effectiveness of such efforts; and
                    (B) providing guidance to strengthen internal 
                controls and to adopt on an industry-wide basis more 
                effective policies.
            (7) Enhancement of intergovernmental cooperation.--A 
        discussion of ways to combat illicit finance by enhancing--
                    (A) cooperative efforts between and among Federal, 
                State, and local officials, including State regulators, 
                State and local prosecutors, and other law enforcement 
                officials; and
                    (B) cooperative efforts with and between 
                governments of countries and with and between 
                multinational institutions with expertise in fighting 
                illicit finance, including the Financial Action Task 
                Force and the Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence 
                Units.
            (8) Trend analysis of emerging illicit finance threats.--A 
        discussion of and data regarding trends in illicit finance, 
        including evolving forms of value transfer such as so-called 
        cryptocurrencies, other methods that are computer, 
        telecommunications, or Internet-based, cyber crime, or any 
        other threats that the Secretary may choose to identify.
            (9) Budget priorities.--A multiyear budget plan that 
        identifies sufficient resources needed to successfully execute 
        the full range of missions called for in this section.
            (10) Technology enhancements.--An analysis of current and 
        developing ways to leverage technology to improve the 
        effectiveness of efforts to stop the financing of terrorism and 
        other forms of illicit finance, including better integration of 
        open-source data.

    PART II--ENHANCING ANTITERRORISM TOOLS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE 
                                TREASURY

SEC. 271. IMPROVING ANTITERROR FINANCE MONITORING OF FUNDS TRANSFERS.

    (a) Study.--
            (1) In general.--To improve the ability of the Department 
        of the Treasury to better track cross-border fund transfers and 
        identify potential financing of terrorist or other forms of 
        illicit finance, the Secretary shall carry out a study to 
        assess--
                    (A) the potential efficacy of requiring banking 
                regulators to establish a pilot program to provide 
                technical assistance to depository institutions and 
                credit unions that wish to provide account services to 
                money services businesses serving individuals in 
                Somalia;
                    (B) whether such a pilot program could be a model 
                for improving the ability of United States persons to 
                make legitimate funds transfers through transparent and 
                easily monitored channels while preserving strict 
                compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act (Public Law 91-
                508; 84 Stat. 1114) and related controls aimed at 
                stopping money laundering and the financing of 
                terrorism; and
                    (C) consistent with current legal requirements 
                regarding confidential supervisory information, the 
                potential impact of allowing money services businesses 
                to share certain State examination information with 
                depository institutions and credit unions, or whether 
                another appropriate mechanism could be identified to 
                allow a similar exchange of information to give the 
                depository institutions and credit unions a better 
                understanding of whether an individual money services 
                business is adequately meeting its anti-money 
                laundering and counter-terror financing obligations to 
                combat money laundering, the financing of terror, or 
                related illicit finance.
            (2) Public input.--The Secretary should solicit and 
        consider public input as appropriate in developing the study 
        required under subsection (a).
    (b) Report.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report 
that contains all findings and determinations made in carrying out the 
study required under subsection (a).

SEC. 272. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION REGARDING 
              TERRORIST FINANCING INTELLIGENCE.

    It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary, acting through the 
Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes, should intensify 
work with foreign partners to help the foreign partners develop 
intelligence analytic capacities, in a financial intelligence unit, 
finance ministry, or other appropriate agency, that are--
            (1) commensurate to the threats faced by the foreign 
        partner; and
            (2) designed to better integrate intelligence efforts with 
        the anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing 
        regimes of the foreign partner.

SEC. 273. EXAMINING THE COUNTER-TERROR FINANCING ROLE OF THE DEPARTMENT 
              OF THE TREASURY IN EMBASSIES.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
and Urban Affairs and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and the Committee on Financial Services and the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs of the House of Representatives a report that contains--
            (1) a list of the United States embassies in which a full-
        time Department of the Treasury financial attache is stationed 
        and a description of how the interests of the Department of the 
        Treasury relating to terrorist financing and money laundering 
        are addressed (via regional attaches or otherwise) at United 
        States embassies where no such attaches are present;
            (2) a list of the United States embassies at which the 
        Department of the Treasury has assigned a technical assistance 
        advisor from the Office of Technical Assistance of the 
        Department of the Treasury;
            (3) an overview of how Department of the Treasury financial 
        attaches and technical assistance advisors assist in efforts to 
        counter illicit finance, to include money laundering, terrorist 
        financing, and proliferation financing; and
            (4) an overview of patterns, trends, or other issues 
        identified by the Department of the Treasury and whether 
        resources are sufficient to address these issues.

SEC. 274. INCLUSION OF SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY ON THE NATIONAL 
              SECURITY COUNCIL.

    (a) In General.--Section 101(c)(1) of the National Security Act of 
1947 (50 U.S.C. 3021(c)(1)) is amended by inserting ``the Secretary of 
the Treasury,'' before ``and such other officers''.
    (b) Rule of Construction.--The amendment made by subsection (a) may 
not be construed to authorize the National Security Council to have a 
professional staff level that exceeds the limitation set forth under 
section 101(e)(3) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
3021(e)(3)).

SEC. 275. INCLUSION OF ALL FUNDS.

    (a) In General.--Section 5326 of title 31, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the heading of such section, by striking ``coin and 
        currency'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``subtitle and'' and inserting 
                ``subtitle or to''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``United 
                States coins or currency (or such other monetary 
                instruments as the Secretary may describe in such 
                order)'' and inserting ``funds (as the Secretary may 
                describe in such order),''; and
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``coins or 
                currency (or monetary instruments)'' and inserting 
                ``funds''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``coins or 
                currency (or such other monetary instruments as the 
                Secretary may describe in the regulation or order)'' 
                and inserting ``funds (as the Secretary may describe in 
                the regulation or order)''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for chapter 53 of 
title 31, United States Code, is amended in the item relating to 
section 5326 by striking ``coin and currency''.

                         PART III--DEFINITIONS

SEC. 281. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle--
            (1) the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
        means--
                    (A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
                Affairs, the Committee on Foreign Relations, Committee 
                on Armed Services, Committee on the Judiciary, 
                Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                Affairs, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of 
                the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Financial Services, the 
                Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed 
                Services, the Committee on the Judiciary, Committee on 
                Homeland Security, and the Permanent Select Committee 
                on Intelligence of the House of Representatives;
            (2) the term ``appropriate Federal banking agencies'' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Federal Deposit 
        Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813);
            (3) the term ``Bank Secrecy Act'' means--
                    (A) section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act 
                (12 U.S.C. 1829b);
                    (B) chapter 2 of title I of Public Law 91-508 (12 
                U.S.C. 1951 et seq.); and
                    (C) subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 31, United 
                States Code;
            (4) the term ``Federal functional regulator'' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 509 of the Gramm-Leach-
        Bliley Act (15 U.S.C. 6809);
            (5) the term ``illicit finance'' means the financing of 
        terrorism, narcotics trafficking, or proliferation, money 
        laundering, or other forms of illicit financing domestically or 
        internationally, as defined by the President;
            (6) the term ``money services business'' has the meaning 
        given the term under section 1010.100 of title 31, Code of 
        Federal Regulations;
            (7) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of the 
        Treasury; and
            (8) the term ``State'' means each of the several States, 
        the District of Columbia, and each territory or possession of 
        the United States.

                    Subtitle D--Rule of Construction

SEC. 291. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this title or the amendments made by this title (other 
than sections 216 and 236(b)) shall be construed to limit the authority 
of the President under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act 
(50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.).

SEC. 292. SENSE OF SENATE ON THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF ARTICLE 5 OF 
              THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY.

    (a) Findings.--The Senate makes the following findings:
            (1) The principle of collective defense of the North 
        Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is immortalized in Article 
        5 of the North Atlantic Treaty in which members pledge that 
        ``an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or 
        North America shall be considered an attack against them all''.
            (2) For almost 7 decades, the principle of collective 
        defense has effectively served as a strategic deterrent for the 
        member nations of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and 
        provided stability throughout the world, strengthening the 
        security of the United States and all 28 other member nations.
            (3) Following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in 
        New York, Washington, and Pennsylvania, the Alliance agreed to 
        invoke Article 5 for the first time, affirming its commitment 
        to collective defense.
            (4) Countries that are members of the North Atlantic Treaty 
        Organization have made historic contributions and sacrifices 
        while combating terrorism in Afghanistan through the 
        International Security Assistance Force and the Resolute 
        Support Mission.
            (5) The recent attacks in the United Kingdom underscore the 
        importance of an international alliance to combat hostile 
        nation states and terrorist groups.
            (6) At the 2014 NATO summit in Wales, the member countries 
        of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization decided that all 
        countries that are members of NATO would spend an amount equal 
        to 2 percent of their gross domestic product on defense by 
        2024.
            (7) Collective defense unites the 29 members of the North 
        Atlantic Treaty Organization, each committing to protecting and 
        supporting one another from external adversaries, which 
        bolsters the North Atlantic Alliance.
    (b) Sense of Senate.--It is the sense of the Senate--
            (1) to express the vital importance of Article 5 of the 
        North Atlantic Treaty, the charter of the North Atlantic Treaty 
        Organization, as it continues to serve as a critical deterrent 
        to potential hostile nations and terrorist organizations;
            (2) to remember the first and only invocation of Article 5 
        by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in support of the 
        United States after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 
        2001;
            (3) to affirm that the United States remains fully 
        committed to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and will 
        honor its obligations enshrined in Article 5; and
            (4) to condemn any threat to the sovereignty, territorial 
        integrity, freedom, or democracy of any country that is a 
        member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

            Passed the Senate June 15, 2017.

            Attest:

                                                             Secretary.
115th CONGRESS

  1st Session

                                 S. 722

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 AN ACT

  To provide congressional review and to counter Iranian and Russian 
                        governments' aggression.
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