# United States Bankruptcy App ellate Panel

For the Eighth Circuit

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No. 1 8- 60 24

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In re: Ther es a Ma rs ha ll

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Deb to r

----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----

The res a Ma rs ha ll

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Deb to r - Ap pe ll an t

v.

Mar k T. Mc Cart y

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Tr us te e - App el le e

__ __ __ __ __ __
App eal fro m

Uni te d S ta te s B an kr up tc y Co ur t fo r th e Eas te rn Dis tri ct of Ark an sa s - Li tt le Ro ck

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Su bm it te d: Feb ru ary 19 , 20 19
Fi le d: Feb ru ary 28 , 20 19

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Befo re SALADINO, Ch ie f Ju dg e, NAIL and DOW , Ban kr up tc y Ju dg es

.

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NAIL, Ban kr up tc y

Ju dg e.Deb to r The res a Mar sh al l ap pe al s th e Sep te m be r 4, 20 18 or d e r of th e

ba nk ru ptcy co ur t gr an ti ng Ch ap te r 13 Trus te e Mar k T. McC art y 's ("Tru st ee" ) m ot io n

1

to di sm is s Deb to r's ba nk ru pt cy cas e. W e ha ve juri sd ic ti on ov er th is ap pe al pu rs ua nt

to 28 U.S.C. § 1 58 (b ). W e aff irm.

BACKGROUND

Deb to r fil ed a pe ti ti on fo r rel i e f un de r ch ap te r 13 of th e ba nk ru pt cy co de

. In Part 5 of he r pe ti ti on , Deb to r was ad vi se d "[t ]he la w req ui res th at y ou r e c e i v e a

br ie fin g ab ou t cred it co un se li ng be fo re y ou fil e fo r ba nk ru pt cy " an d was in st ru ct ed

to ch eck on e o f fo ur bo xe s t o i nd ic at e whe th er s he ha d re cei ve d s uc h a bri efi ng

.

A de bt or ch eck in g th e fir st bo x rep res en ts : "I rece iv ed a br i e fin g fro m an

ap pr ov ed cred it co un se li ng ag en cy wit hi n th e 18 0 da y s be fo re I fil ed th is ba nk ru pt cy

pe ti ti on , an d I rece iv ed a cert ifi cat e of co m pl et i o n

. " A de bt or ch eck in g th is bo x is

in st ru ct ed to att ach a co py of th e cer ti fic at e.

A deb to r ch eck in g t he sec on d bo x rep res en ts : "I rece iv ed a br ie fin g fro m an

ap pr ov ed cred it co un se li ng ag en cy wit hi n th e 18 0 da y s be fo re I fil ed th is ba nk ru pt cy

pe ti ti on , b ut I do no t ha ve a cert ifi cat e of co m pl et io n." A deb to r ch eck in g th is bo x

is in st ru ct ed to fil e a co py of th e cer ti fic at e wit hi n fo ur te en da y s.

A de bt or ch eck in g th e th ird bo x cert ifi e s : " I a s k ed fo r cred it co un se li ng

se rv ic es fro m an ap pr ov ed ag en cy , bu t was u n a b l e t o ob ta in th os e se rv ic es du rin g

th e 7 da y s aft er I mad e my req ue st

, an d ex ig en t ci rcu m st an ces m eri t a 30 -d ay

te m po rary w a i v e r of th e req ui rem en t." A de bt or ch eck in g th is bo x is in st ru ct ed to

"at ta ch a se pa rat e sh eet ex pl ai ni ng wha t effo rts y ou m ad e to ob ta in th e br ie fin g, why

The Ho n o r a b l e Ri ch ard D. Tay lo r, Uni te d St at es Ban kr up tc y Ju dg e fo r th e 1

East ern an d West ern Dis tri ct s o f Ark an sa s.

-2

-y ou were un ab le to ob ta in it be fo re y ou fil ed fo r ba nk ru pt cy , a n d wha t ex ig en t

ci rcu m st an ces req ui red y ou to fil e th is cas e."

A deb to r ch eck in g th e fo ur th bo x rep res en ts : "I am no t req ui red to rece iv e a

br ie fin g a bo ut cred it co un se li ng be cau se of [in cap aci ty, d is ab il it y , o r act iv e du ty] ."

A de bt or ch eck in g th is bo x is in s t r u c t e d to "fi le a m ot io n fo r waiv er of cred it

co un se li ng wit h t he co ur t."

Deb to r ch eck ed th e fir st bo x, th ereb y rep res en ti ng s h e h a d rece iv ed th e

req ui si te br ie fin g wit hi n th e 18 0 days be fo re she fil ed he r pe ti ti on an d had rece iv ed

a cert ifi cat e of co m

pl et io n. Deb to r di d no t, ho wev er, a t t a c h a co py of su ch a

cert ifi cat e.

Ci ti ng Deb to r's fai lu re to fil e a cert ifi cat e of co m pl et i o n , a c e rti fic at io n of

ex ig en t ci rcu m st an ces , or a req ue st fo r a waiv er of th e cred it co un se li ng req ui rem en t

du e to in cap aci ty, di sa bi li ty, or m il it ary se rv ic e , Trus te e fil ed a m ot io n to di sm is s

Deb to r's cas e. Deb to r res po n d ed

, fir st by fil in g a cert ifi cat e of co un se li ng th at

sh owe d Deb to r ha d rece iv ed th e req ui si te br ie fin g fo ur we e k s a f t e r sh e fil ed he r

pe ti ti on an d th en by fil in g an ob jecti on to Trus te e's m ot io n to di smi s s

. I n he r

ob jecti on , Deb to r at te m

pt ed to ex cu se he r fai lu re to rece iv e th e req ui si te br i e f in g

wit hi n th e 18 0 da y s be fo re sh e fil ed he r pe t i t i o n by cl ai m in g– se em in gl y

in co ns is te nt ly–sh e "d id no t rem em be r th at sh e ne ed ed to do cred it co un se li ng be fo re

sh e fil ed Ch ap te r 13 " an d sh e "m is read qu es ti on an d be li ev ed th at cred it co un se li ng

th at sh e ha d pr ev io us ly ta ke n on /a bo ut Octo be r 26

, 20 16 m et cred it co un se li ng

req ui rem en t." 2

The un de rli ni ng he re an d th ro ug ho ut ou r op in io n whe re we qu ot e Deb to r is 2

Deb to r's , no t o ur s.

-3

-Fo ll owi ng a he ari ng , th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t gr an te d Tr u s t e e 's m ot io n an d

di sm is se d Deb to r's cas e wit h a 18 0- da y ba r to refi li ng . Debt or ti m el y ap pe al ed

.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

In th e se ct io n of he r br ie f he ad ed "IS SUES," Deb to r po se s two is su es : (1 ) whe th er th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t erre d i n d i sm is si ng he r cas e; an d (2 ) whe th er th e

ba nk ru pt cy co ur t erre d in ba rri ng he r fro m refi li ng fo r 18 0 da y s. W e rev ie w bo th th e 3

ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's de ci si on to di sm is s Deb to r's cas e an d th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's

de ci si on to ba r Deb to r fro m refi li ng fo r 18 0 da y s fo r an ab us e of di sc ret io n. Mar sh al l

v. McCa rt y ( In re Ma rs ha ll ), 40 7 B .R. 35 9, 3 61 (B.A.P. 8t h C ir. 2 00 9)

.

A c o ur t ab us es it s di sc ret io n whe n a rel ev an t fact or th a t sh ou ld ha ve be en gi ve n si gn ifi can t weig ht is no t

co ns id ered ; whe n an irr e l e v a n t or im pr op er fact or is

co ns id er ed an d gi ve n si gn ifi can t weig ht ; or whe n al l pr op er fact or s an d no im

pr op er on es are co ns id ered

, bu t th e co ur t

co m m it s a cl ear erro r of jud gm en t in weig hi ng th os e fact or s.

Ci ty of Dul ut h v. Fon d du La c Ban d of La ke Su pe ri or Ch ip

pe wa , 70 2 F.3 d 11 47

, 11 52
(8 th Cir . 20 13 ).

DISCUSS ION

W it h res pe ct to th e fir st is su e Deb to r po se s, th e ba nk ru pt cy co de es t a b l i s h es

cert ai n e li gi bi li ty requ ire m en ts for in di vi du al de bt or s:

In a la te r se ct io n of he r br ie f he ad ed "IS SUES APPEALING," Deb to r pu rp or ts 3

to rai se a nu m

be r of ot he r is su es

. The se ad di ti on al "i ss ue s" are bet te r ch arac te riz ed

as arg um en ts in su pp or t of Deb to r's co nt en t i o n t h a t t he ba nk ru pt cy co ur t erre d in
di sm is si ng he r cas e an d b arri ng he r fro m refi li ng , an d we t reat th em as s uc h b el ow.

-4

-[A]n in di vi du al m ay no t be a de bt or un de r th is ti tl e un le ss

su ch in di vi du al ha s, du rin g th e 1 80 -d ay pe rio d en di ng on th e da te of fil in g of th e p e ti ti on by su ch in di vi du al

,
rece iv ed fro m an ap pr ov ed no np ro fit bu dg et an d cred it

co un se li ng ag en cy

. . . an in di vi du al o r gr ou p br ie fin g (in c l u di ng a br ie fin g co nd uc te d by te le ph on e or on th e In te rn et ) th at ou tl in ed th e op po rtu ni ti es fo r av ai la bl e cred it

co un se li n g a n d as si st ed su ch in di vi du al in pe rfo rm in g a rel at ed bu dg et an al y si s.

11 U.S.C. § 1 09 (h )(1 ).

An ex cep ti on is m ad e fo r de bt or s who res id e in di st ric ts fo r whi ch th e Uni te d

St at es Trus te e de te rm in es ap pr ov ed no np ro fit bu dg et an d cred it co un se li ng ag en ci es

can no t pro vi de th e ne ces sa ry cred it co un se li ng se rv ic es

. 11 U.S.C. § 10 9( h) (2 )(A).

Ano th er ex cep ti on is m ad e fo r de bt or s who su bm it wit h th ei r pe ti ti on a cert ifi cat io n

th at de sc rib es ex ig en t ci rcu m st ance s, sta te s the de bt or req ue st ed cred it co un se li ng bu t

was un ab le to ob ta in su ch co un se li ng wit hi n sev en da y s o f m ak in g t he req ue st , and

pe rs ua de s t he ba nk ru pt cy co ur t t o g ran t t he de bt or a te m po rary wai ve r of th e cred it

co un se li ng req ui rem en t

. 11 U.S.C. § 10 9( h) (3 )(A); Fed .R.Ban kr .P. 10 07 (b )(3 )(C)

an d (c). A fin al ex cep ti on is m ad e fo r de bt or s who th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t de te rm in es ,

on th e de bt or 's req ue st fil ed wit h th e pe ti ti on an d aft er no ti ce a n d a he ari ng , are

un ab le to co m

pl et e cred it co un se li ng du e to in cap aci ty, di sa bi li ty, or act iv e m il it ary

du ty in a m il it ary co m

ba t zo ne

. 11 U.S.C. § 10 9( h) (4 ); Fed .R.Ban kr .P. 10 07 (b )(3 )(D)

an d (c ).

In th is c a s e , d e sp it e ch eck in g th e bo x on he r pe ti ti on to rep res en t sh e ha d

rece iv ed cred it co un se li ng wit hi n t he 18 0 d ay s b efo re s he fil ed he r pe ti ti on , Debt or

di d no t cl ai m

–m uc h le ss of

fer an y pr oof–s he act ua ll y rece iv ed su ch co un se li ng wit hi n

th e ti m e al lo wed

. Sh e di d no t su gg es t th e Uni te d St at es Trus te e ha s de te rm in ed th ere

are no no np r o f

i t bu dg et an d cred it co un se li ng ag en ci es in th e East ern Dis tri ct of

-5

-Ark an sa s th at can pr ov id e th e req ui red cred it c o u n s e l i n g se rv ic es

. Sh e di d no t

su bm it –wi th he r pe tit ion or ot he rwis e– th e req ui red cert ifi cat io n to ob ta in a te m po rary

waiv er of the cred it co un se li ng req ui rem en t du e to ex ig en t ci rcu m st an ces

. And sh e

di d n ot fil e– wit h h er p et it io n o r ot he rwis e– th e req ui red req ue st th at th e ba nk ru pt cy

co ur t de te rm in e sh e was un ab le to co m pl et e cred it co un se li ng du e to in cap aci ty,

di sa bi li ty, or

act iv e m il it ary du ty in a m il it ary co m ba t zo ne

.

The reco rd su pp or ts bo th Trus te e's co nt en ti o n t h at Deb to r di d no t sa ti sf y th e

req ui rem en ts of § 10 9( h) an d th us co ul d no t be a de bt or un de r th e b an kr up tc y co de

an d th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's de ci si on to gr an t Trus te e's m ot io n to di sm is s. Tha t be in g

so , we can no t s ay

th e b an kr up tc y

co ur t ab us ed it s di sc ret io n in di sm is si ng Deb to r's

cas e. Dixo n v. La Bar

ge ( In re Dixo n ), 33 8 B.R. 38 3, 38 9- 90 (B.A.P. 8t h Ci r. 20 06 ).

Deb to r ne ve rth el es s arg ue s th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t erre d in "a cc ep tin g a de fecti ve

pr oo f of cl ai m fro m al le ge d cred it or , Deu ts ch e Ban k Trus t" an d "[n ]o pa pe rwo rk was

fil ed wit h co ur t by se rv ic er W el ls Farg o Hom e Mo rtg ag e, or al le ge d tru st ee, Deu ts ch e

Ban k Nat io na l Trus t." Debt or als o a rg ue s t he ba nk ru pt cy co ur t er red in di sm is si ng

he r cas e "wh en th ere was a qu es ti on of le ga l st an di ng by al le ge d cred it or Deu ts ch e

Ban k Trus t an d pr op er pa pe rwo rk ha s ne ve r be en te nd ered o r mad e to su bm it by

co ur t" an d "wh en op po si ng co un se l fil ed no ti ce of ap pe aran ce an d pr oo f of cl ai m (1 )

da y be fo re h eari ng of Au gu st 30 , 20 18 . . . [an d] r ecei ve d rel ie f fro m st ay an d rig ht
by co ur t to se ll de bt o r s [ s i c ] ho m e of (2 6) twen ty-si x y ears ." The se arg um en ts 4

ap pe ar to rela te to a di ffer en t m at te r en ti rel y , an d Debt or do es no t exp la in ho w th ey

ha ve an y be ari ng on he r el ig ib il it y to be a de bt or un de r th e b an kr up tc y co de

.

Deb to r do es no t se em to be refe rri ng to Trus te e or Trus te e's at to rn ey whe n sh e 4

sa y s " op po si ng co un se l."

-6

-Deb to r al so arg ue s th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t erre d in di s mi s s i n g h er cas e "wh en

th ere was a qu es ti on of frau d on th e co ur t by op po si ng co un se l[,]" "wh en [a] recu sa l 5

m ot io n was be fo re [th e] ba nk ru pt cy co ur t

. . . [an d] th ere was a jud ic ia l c o mp l a i n t

ag ai ns t op po si ng co un se l[,]" " w h e r e th ere was no he ari ng he ld

, no wit ne ss fro m

op po si ng si de to te st ify, no vi ol at io n by de bt or in pa y m en ts to Trus te e, et c.[,]" "wh en

pr op er no ti ce was no t gi ve n to pr ep are fo r Heari ng of Aug us t 30

, 20 18 [,]" an d "wh en

or de r/ju dg em en t [ si c ] was (1 ) week fro m be in g nu ll an d vo id ." Aga in

, Deb to r do es

no t ex pl ai n ho w th es e arg um en ts ha ve an y be ari n g o n h e r e li gi bi li ty to be a de bt or

un de r th e b an kr

up tc y co de

.

So m e of Deb to r's arg um en ts

, ho wev er, warra nt fu rth er di sc us si on

. Fi rs t,

Deb to r's m ot io n to recu se was on e of se ve ral rel at ed m at te rs on th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's

cal en da r. The ba n k ru pt cy co ur t co ns id ered an d de ni ed Deb to r's m ot io n be fo re

ad dr es si ng Trus te e's m ot io n to di sm is s. Deb to r ap pe al ed th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's or de r

de nyin g he r m o t i o n , an d we di sm is se d he r ap pe al fo r la ck of juri sd ic ti on

. Th er es a

Mar sh al l v. W

el ls Far go Ban k N.A. ( I

n r e M a r s h al l ), No. 18 -6 02 5 (B.A.P. 8t h Ci r. Sep t. 2 7, 2 01 8)

.

Seco nd

, as we no te d ab ov e, th e ba nk ru pt cy c o u r t d id ho ld a he ari ng on

Tr u s t e e ' s m ot io n to di sm is s. The ba nk ru pt cy co ur t he ard th e te st im on y of on e o f

Trus te e's st aff at to rn ey s. Deb to r was affo rd ed an op po rtu ni ty to cro s s

- e x a mine

Trus te e's wit ne ss , bu t sh e de cl in ed

, st at in g: "No

, th at 's pr et t y mu c h w ha t – wha t

ha pp en ed ." Deb to r was als o a ffo rd ed an op po rtu ni ty t o pr es en t he r own wit ne ss es , bu t s he ag ai n d ecl in ed

.

Deb to r rep eat s th is arg um en t th ree ti m es

. Sh e do es no t, ho wev er, de sc rib e th e 5

al le ge d frau d or sp eci fic al ly id en ti fy Trus te e or Trus te e's at to rn ey as th e pe rp et rat or of th e al le ge d frau d. It is li ke ly Deb to r is refe rri ng to Deu ts ch e Ban k Nati on al Trus t
Co m pa ny, whi ch sh e na m ed in th e Ju ne 27

, 20 18 m ot io n sh e refe ren ces in he r br ie f.

In th at m ot io n, Deb to r as ke d th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t to di sm is s fo r frau d up on th e co ur t

cert ai n u ns pe ci fie d m ot io ns fil ed by D eu ts ch e Ban k Nat io na l Tru st Co m pa ny.

-7

-Thi rd

, no th in g in th e reco rd su gg es ts Deb to r di d no t rece iv e no ti ce of ei th er th e

or ig in al ly sc he du le d he ari ng or th e co nt in ue d he ari ng on Trus te e's m ot io n to di sm is s.

And Debt or do es no t ex pl ai n h ow ei th er o f th os e n ot ic es was n ot "p ro pe r."

Fi na ll y, D e b t o r do es no t id en ti fy th e or de r or jud gm en t to whi ch sh e is

refe rri ng in he r fin al arg um en t or ex pl ai n ho w th at or de r or jud gm en t wou ld be

ren de red nu ll an d vo id

. If sh e is refe rr i n g t o t he ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's or de r gr an ti ng

Trus te e's m ot io n to di sm is s, we are un aware of an y reas on why th at or de r wou ld ha ve

b e e n ren de red nu ll an d vo id by an y th in g ha pp en in g in Deb to r's cas e or e l s e w h e r e

wit hi n a week of th e he ari ng on Trus te e's m ot io n to di sm is s. And if sh e is refe rri ng

to so m e ot he r or de r or jud gm en t, we are li ke wis e un aware of an y reas on why su ch an

or de r or jud gm en t wou ld cal l in to qu es ti on th e co rrec tn es s of th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's

de ci si on to di sm is s Deb to r's cas e.

W it h res pe ct to th e se co nd is su e Deb to r po se s, we pr ev io us ly he ld

, in an earl ie r

cas e al so in vo lv in g Deb to r an d Trus te e, a ba nk ru pt cy co ur t ha s th e p o w e r to ba r a

de bt or fro m

refi li ng :

Ban kr up tc y co ur ts in v a r i a bl y de riv e fro m § 10 5( a) or § 34 9( a) of th e Co de th e po wer to sa nc ti on ba d- fai th se ria l
fil ers by pr oh ib it in g fu rth er ba nk ru pt cy fil in gs fo r ov er 18 0
da y s. In ev al ua ti ng whe th er to ba r su bs eq ue nt fil in gs ,
co ur ts ha ve reco gn iz ed th at a di sm is s a l or de r th at ba rs

su bs eq ue nt li ti ga ti on is a se ve re sa ncti on warra nt ed on ly by

eg reg io us m is co nd uc t. Co ur t or de rs pr oh ib i t i ng refi li ng of te n o c c u r whe re a de bt or fil es a se rie s of ba nk ru pt cy

pe ti ti on s th at are st rat eg ic al ly ti m ed to th wart a s e cu red
cred i t o r f ro m fo recl os in g on it s co ll at eral or whe re th e de bt or fil es a su bs eq ue nt pe ti ti on in vi ol at io n of a pr ev io us

or de r. Thu s, Co ur ts in th is ci rcu it ha ve ba rred refi li ng to al lo w a cred it or to ex erci se it s rig ht s un de r st at e la w whe re

-8

-se ria l fil in gs ab us e th e ba nk r u p t c y pr oc es s an d can no t be

pr ev en te d b y

an in jun ct io n u nd er § 10 9( g) .[ ] 6

Mar sh al l

, 40 7 B.R. at 36 3 (ci ta ti on s, in te rn al qu ot at io n m ark s, el li ps es , an d br ack et s

om it te d)

.

Tha t earl ie r cas e was Deb to r's fo ur th ch ap te r 13 cas e si nc e 19 95

, "al l of whi ch

were fil ed on th e ev e of fo recl os ur e." Id

. at 36 1. De b to r's se co nd an d th ird

ch ap te r 13 cas es we re di sm is se d fo r Deb to r's fai lu re to co m pl y wit h "s tri ct

co m pl ia nc e or de rs " th at req ui red Deb to r to m ak e al l he r pl an pa y m en ts on ti m e. Id

. Fi nd in g Deb to r's fo ur th ch ap te r 13 cas e to be "ab us iv e in th e e x t r e me, " th e

ba nk ru pt cy co ur t di sm is se d it an d ba rred he r fro m refi li ng fo r on e y ear. Id

. O n

ap pe al , we affi rm ed th e b an kr up tc y co ur t's de ci si on

. Id

. at 3 63

.

Deb to r ad m it s th is is he r si xt h ba nk ru pt cy cas e, a n d s he ad m it s sh e fil ed it 7

b e c a u s e s h e w as on ce ag ai n ab ou t to lo se he r ho m e. In de ci di ng to ba r he r fro m 8

Sect io n 10 9( g) pr oh ib it s an in di v i du al who ha s be en a de bt or un de r th e 6

ba nk r u p t c y c o de wit hi n th e pr eced in g 18 0 da y s fro m be in g a de bt or un de r th e ba nk ru pt cy co de if th e pr ev io us cas e was di sm is se d fo r th e de bt or 's wil lfu l fai lu re to ab id e by co ur t ord ers or to ap pe ar befo re the co ur t in pr op er pr os ecu ti on of th e cas e

or if th e pr ev io us cas e was vo lu nt ari ly di sm is se d fo ll owi ng th e fil in g of a m ot io n fo r rel ie f fro m

th e au to m at ic st ay . 11 U.S.C. § 1 09 (g ).

Deb to r's fif

th ch ap te r 13 cas e was al so di sm is s e d

. In re Th er es a Mar sh al l

, 7

Ban kr

. No. 4: 16 -b k- 15 65 1 (Ban kr

. E.D. Ark

. Dec. 6, 20 17 ). Deb to r ap pe al ed

, an d we di sm is se d he r ap pe al fo r a va rie ty of reas on s, in cl ud in g th e fact th at whi le he r ap pe al

was st il l pe nd in g, sh e fil ed th e ch ap te r 13 cas e th at le d to th e in st an t ap pe al

. Th er es a Mar sh al l v. Mar k T. McCa rt y ( In re Mar

sh al l ), No. 18 -6 00 8 (B.A.P. 8 th Ci r. Aug

. 13

, 20 18 ). Deb to r th en ap pe al ed to th e Eig ht h Ci rcu it co ur t of ap pe al s, an d th at

co ur t di sm is se d he r ap pe al as un ti m el y. T h e r e s a Mar

sh al l v. Mar k T. McCa rt

y ( In

re Mar sh al l ), No. 1 8- 31 42 (8t h C ir. Oct . 16 , 20 18 ).

Des pi te Deb to r's effo rts

, sh e was ev ic te d fro m he r ho m e on Octo be r 31

, 20 18

. 8

-9

-f

il in g a se ve nt h ba nk ru pt cy cas e fo r 18 0 da y s, th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t fo un d Deb to r ' s

"b an kr up tc y an d ba nk ru pt ci es ha ve si mp l y b e e n, in m an y way s, an ab us e of th e
syste m ."

On ap pe al

, Deb to r do es no t ch al le ng e th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's fin di ng

. In li gh t

of ou r ho ld in g i n Mar

sh al l

, 40 7 B.R. at 36 3, and th e sh or te r ba r to refi li ng im po se d
by t he ba nk ru pt cy co ur t in th is cas e, we can no t sa y th e b an kr up tc y co ur t ab us ed it s

di sc ret io n i n b arri ng Debt or fro m refi li ng for 18 0 d ay s. 9

CONCLUSION

F o r th e reas on s st at ed

, we are no t pe rs ua de d th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t ab us ed it s

di sc ret io n ei th er in di sm is si ng Deb to r's cas e or in ba rri ng Deb to r fro m refi li ng fo r 18 0

da y s. Co ns eq ue nt ly, we affi rm th e ba nk ru pt cy co ur t's Sep te m be r 4, 2 0 1 8 o r de r

gr an ti ng Trus te e's m ot io n t o d is m is s Deb to r's cas e.

By ou r cal cu la ti on , th e 18 0 da y s wil l, in an y ev en t, ex pi re on Mar ch 3, 20 19

, 9

ren de rin g t hi s i ss ue m oo t.

-1 0-