BUCKHOLZ TRAFFIC 

3585 KORI ROAD 

JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA 32257 

(904) 886-2171 jwbuckholz@aol.com . , , ~ ; "' 

July 17, 2015 

U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations 

West Building Ground Floor, Room w12-140 

1200 New Jersey Avenue, S.E. 

Washington, DC 20590 

Jeffrey·w. Buckholz,.PhD,· P .E., PTOE 

President, JW Buckholz Traffic Engineering Inc. (dba Buckholz Traffic) 

3585 Kori Road 

Jacksonville, Florida 32257 

(904) 886-2171 

RE: Exemption Request under Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 and 14 C.F.R. Part 11 

Dear FAA: 

Buckholz Traffic, pursuant to section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 ("FAA Reform Act") and 

14 C.F.R. Part 11 respectfully requests exemptions from several provisions ofthe Federal Aviation Regulations ("FAR"), 

specifically Section 333 which authorizes the FAA to determine: 

1. If certain unmanned aircraft systems, if any, as a result of their size, weight, speed, operational capability, 

proximity to airports and populated areas, and operation within visual line of sight do not create a hazard 

to users of the national airspace system or the public or pose a threat to national security; and 

2. Whether a certificate of waiver, certificate of authorization, or airworthiness certification under section 

44704 oftitle 49, United States Code, is required for the operation of unmanned aircraft systems identified 

·under paragraph (1) ..... 1 ··, . · ·, , • .-

I am writing to request that Buckholz Traffic be exempted from the Federal Aviation Regulations ("FARs") listed below 

so that Buckholz Traffic may operate a small unmanned aircraft systems ("UAS") commercially in airspace regulated 

by the Federal Aviation Administration ("FAA") as long as such operations are conducted within and under the 

conditions outlined herein or as may be established by the FAA as required by Section 333. 

Over the past 26 years, Buckholz Traffic has been actively involved in the design, installation, fine-tuning and 

evaluation of traffic improvement projects throughout Florida and Georgia including the retiming of many signalized 

arterials. One important capability that we have been lacking is the capability to review the effects of our traffic 
changes from the air. We have tried small planes and helicopters (I am a licensed private pilot for both) but no low 

altitude cost-effective solution has been found until small UAS's became available. 

Our exemption request would permit our operation of lightweight, unmanned (remotely controlled in line of sight) 

UAS's to monitor traffic operations. Similar lightweight, remote controlled UAS's are legally operated by amateurs 

with no flight experience, safety plan or controls in place to prevent an incident. 

Granting our request comports with the Secretary of Transportation's (FAA Administrator's) responsibilities to not 

only integrate UAS's into the national airspace system, but to" ... establish requirements for the safe operation of such 

aircraft systems [UAS's] in the national airspace system" under Section 333 of the Reform Act. Furthermore, Buckholz 

Traffic will conduct its operations in compliance with the protocols described herein or as otherwise established by 

the FAA. 

The Extent of Relief Buckholz Traffic Seeks and the Reason It Seeks Such Relief: 

We submit this application in accordance with the Reform Act, 112 P.L. 95 §§ 331-334, seeking relieffrom any currently 

applicable FAR's operating to prevent contemplated Buckholz Traffic commercial UAS flight operations within the 

national airspace system. The Reform Act in Section 332 provides for such integration of civil unmanned aircraft 

systems into our national airspace system as it is in the public's interest to do so. 

Our lightweight UAS's meet the definition of "small unmanned aircraft" as defined in Section 331 and therefore the 

integration of our lightweight UAS's are expressly contemplated by the Reform Act. Buckholz Traffic would like to 

operate its lightweight UAS's prior to the time period by which the Reform Act requires the FAA to promulgate rules 

governing such craft. The Reform Act guides the Secretary in determining the types of UAS's that may operate safely 

in our national airspace system 

112 P.L. 95 § 333 (a). Buckholz Traffic intends on using commercially available Phantom 3 quadcopters manufactured 

by DJI. This UAS uses multi counter-rotating propellers for extreme balance, control and stability. Each UAS weighs 

less than 55 pounds, including camera or other equipment and each UAS is designed to primarily hover in place and 

operate at less than a 50 knot maximum speed. They are capable of both vertical and horizontal operations but 

operate only within the line of sight of the remote control pilot. 

Utilizing battery power and not combustible fuels, flights generally last between five and twenty minutes. 

Buckholz Traffic does not operate its UAS's within 5 nautical miles of an airport reference point denoted on a current 

FAA-published aeronautical chart unless a letter of agreement with the airport's management is obtained, and unless 

such operations are conducted in accordance with a NOT AM. The letter of agreement with the airport management 

will be made available to the Administrator upon request. Also, Buckholz traffic does not operate within prohibited 

or restricted air space. 

Buckholz Traffic operation of its small unmanned aircraft will not "create a hazard to users of the national airspace 

system or the public." 112 P. L. 95 § 3 3 3 (b). Given the small size and weight of our UAS's, Buckholz Traffic falls within 

Congress's contemplated safety zone when it promulgated the Reform Act and the corresponding directive to 

integrate UAS's into the national airspace system. Buckholz Traffic's UAS's do not pose any threat to the general public 

or national security. The FAA has the authority to issue the exemption to Buckholz Traffic pursuant to the Federal 

Aviation Act, 85 P .L. 726 (1958), as amended (the "Act"). 
Commercial and Public Benefits 

Granting Buckholz Traffic exemption request furthers the public interest. First, Congress has already pronounced that 

it is in the public's interest to integrate commercially flown UAS's into the national airspace system, hence the passing 

of the Reform Act. Second, Buckholz Traffic is involved with public transportation projects that improve mobility for 

all citizens. Just one example is the optimum timing oftraffic signals which, as many engineering studies have shown, 

substantially reduces vehicle travel times, motorist delay, energy consumption and green-house gas emissions. 

Reasons Why HCDO Exemption Will Not Adversely Affect Safety Or How The Exemption Will Provide a level of 

Safety At least Equal To Existing, Rule: 

Buckholz Traffic UAS's weigh less than 55 pounds complete with cameras. 

Buckholz Traffic only operates its UAS's below 400 feet; 

Buckholz Traffic UAS's only operate for 5-20 minutes per flight; 

Buckholz Traffic UAS's always operate within visual line of sight 

Buckholz Traffic always obtains all necessary permissions and permits prior to operation; 

Buckholz Traffic provides a level of safety at least equal to existing rules. It is important to note that, absent the 

integration of commercial UAS's into our national airspace system, helicopters are the primary means of semistationary aerial review. While the safety record of such helicopters is good, it is far safer to operate a battery powered 

lightweight UAS. First, the potential loss of life is diminished because UAS's carry no people on board. Second, there 

is no fuel on board a UAS and thus the potential for fire or explosions is greatly diminished. Third, the small size and 

extreme maneuverability of a UAS allows pilots to avoid hazards. Lastly, given their small size and weight, even when 

close enough to provide the needed surveillance, Buckholz Traffic UAS's need not be physically close to the traffic flow 

that they are monitoring. 

Summary the FAA may publish in the Federal Register: 

14 C.F.R. 21 and 14 C.F.R. 91: Airworthiness Certificates, Manuals and the Like. 14 C.F.R. 21, Subpart H, entitled 

Airworthiness Certificates, sets forth requirements for procurement of necessary airworthiness certificates in relation 

to FAR§ 91.203(a)(l). The size, weight and enclosed operational area of Buckholz Traffic UAS's permits exemption from 

Part 21 because Buckholz Traffic UAS's meet an equivalent level of safety pursuant to Section 333 of the Reform Act. 

The FAA is authorized to exempt aircraft from the airworthiness certificate requirement under both the Act (49 U.S. 

C.§ 44701 (f)) and 

A. Section 333 of the Reform Act. Both pieces of legislation permit the FAA to exempt UAS's from the 

airworthiness certificate requirement in consideration of the weight, size, speed, maneuverability and 

proximity to areas such as airports and prohibited or restricted air space. Buckholz Traffic's intended UAS 

operation meets or exceed each of the elements. 

14 C.F.R. 91.7 (a) prohibits the operation of an aircraft without an airworthiness certificate. As no such 

certificate will be applicable in the form contemplated by the FARs, this regulation is not applicable. 
14 C.F.R. § 91.9 (b) (2) requires an aircraft flight manual in the aircraft. As there are no pilots or passengers, 

and given the size of the UAS's, this regulation is inapplicable. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved 

by maintaining a manual at the headquarters of Buckholz Traffic. The FAA has previously issued exemptions 

to this regulation in Exemption Nos. 8607, 8737, 8738, 9299, 9299A, 9565, 95658, 10167, 10167A, 10602, 

10700 and 32827. 5 

14 C.F.R. § 91.121 regarding altimeter settings is inapplicable insofar as Buckholz Traffic UAS's utilize electronic 

global positioning systems and internal gyroscopes to provide spatial coordination. 14 C.F.R. § 91.203 (a) and 

(b) provides for the carrying of civil aircraft certifications and registrations. They are not applicable for the 

same reasons described above. The equivalent level of safety will be achieved by maintaining such 

certifications and registrations at the headquarters of Buckholz Traffic. 

B. 14 C.F.R. § 45.23: Marking ofthe Aircraft. Applicable Codes of Federal Regulation require aircraft to be marked 

according to certain specifications. Buckholz Traffic UAS's are, by definition, unmanned. They therefore do 

not have a cabin, cockpit or pilot station on which to mark certain words or phrases. Furthermore, two inch 

lettering is difficult to place on such small aircraft. The FAA has previously issued exemptions to this regulation 

through Exemptions Nos. 8738, 10167, 10167A and 10700. 

C. 14 C.F.R. § 61.113: Private Pilot Privileges and Limitations. PIC Pursuant to 14 C.F.R. §§ 61.113 (a) & (b), private 

pilots are limited to non-commercial operations. Buckholz Traffic can achieve an equivalent level of safety as 

achieved by current Regulations because our UAS's do not carry any pilots or passengers. Furthermore, the 

risks attendant to the operation of Buckholz Traffic UAS's is far less than the risk levels inherent in the 

commercial activities outlined in 14 C.F.R. § 61, et seq. 

D. 14 C.F.R. 91.119: Minimum Safe Altitudes. 14 C. F. R. § 91.119 prescribes safe altitudes for the operation of 

civil aircraft. It allows helicopters to be operated at lower altitudes in certain conditions. Buckholz Traffic 

UAS's will never operate at an altitude greater than 400 feet AGL. Given the size, weight, maneuverability and 

speed of Buckholz Traffic UAS's, an equivalent level of safety will be achieved. 

E. 14 C.F.R. 91.405 (a); 407 (a) (1); 409 (a) (2); 417(a) & (b): Maintenance Inspections. The above-cited 

Regulations require, amongst other things, aircraft owners and operators to "have [the] aircraft inspected as 

prescribed in subpart E of this part and shall between required inspections, except as provided in paragraph 

C of this section, have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 43 of this chapter." These Regulations only 

apply to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate. They will not apply to Buckholz Traffic should its requested 

exemption be granted. Buckholz Traffic's maintenance program involves regular software updates and 

constant inspection for assessment of any damaged hardware. Therefore, an equivalent level of safety will 

be achieved. 

F. Summary 

Buckholz Traffic seeks an exemption from the following Regulations: 14 C.F.R. 21, subpart H; 14 C.P.R. 

45.23(b); 14 C.F.R. §§ 61.113 (a) & (b); 14 C.F.R. § 91.7 (a); 14 C.F.R. § 91.9 (b)(2); 14 C.F.R. § 91.103(b); 14 

C.F.R. § 91.109; 14 C.F.R. § 91.119; 14 C.F.R. § 91.121; 14 C.F.R. § 91.151(a); 14 C.F.R. §§ 91.203(a) and (b); 14 

C.F.R. § 91.405 (a); 14 C.F.R. § 91.407 (a)(1); 14 C.P.R.§ 91.409 (a)(2); 14 C.P.R.§ 91.409 (a)(2); and, 14 C.P.R.§§ 

91.417 (a) & (b) to commercially operate its fleet of small lightweight unmanned aircraft vehicles. 
Buckholz Traffic operates at low altitudes, away from airports, and outside of restricted or prohibited airspace. 

There are no people on board our UAS's and therefore the likelihood of death or serious bodily injury is 

significantly limited. Buckholz Traffic operation of its UAS's, which weigh less than 55 pounds and travel at 

speeds less than 50 knots will provide at least an equivalent level of safety as that achieved under current 

FARs. 

Buckholz Traffic respectfully requests that the FAA grant its exemption request without delay. The FAA has 

the authority to issue the exemption sought by Buckholz Traffic pursuant to the Federal Aviation Act, 85 P.L. 

726 (1958), as amended (the "Act"). 

Thank you for your assistance. 

Sincerely, 

Jeffrey W. Buckholz, PhD, P.E., PTOE 

President and Chief Engineer 

Private Pilot Certificate Number 3431513 

(904) 886-2171 

jwbuckholz@aol.com 
1, 

JEFFREY W. BUCKHOLZ, PhD, P.E., PTOE 

Chief Transportation Engineer I BUCKHOLZ TRAFFIC 

jwbuckholz@aol.com (904) 886-2171 

Dr. Buckholz is a senior level traffic engineer with 37 years of wide ranging experience in the 

transportation profession, including technical and administrative head of his own consulting engineering 

firm for 26 years. His experience includes transportation planning and traffic impact analysis, highway 

capacity analysis, work zone design, roadway signing and pavement marking design, advanced signal 

system design, ITS design, traffic signal construction, and traffic signal timing. Dr. Buckholz is capable 

of handling all phases of a transportation project, from data collection and conceptual planning through 

traffic impact analysis and detailed roadway, intersection, and signal design. He is an adjunct professor 

at the University ofNorth Florida and a court certified expert witness in the field oftraffic engineering. 

He has also authored three training manuals on traffic signal construction, repair, and inspection for the 

International Municipal Signal Association as well as ten on-line continuing education courses. 

D!'. Buckholz is a pdvate pilot with single engine land, multi-engine land, single engine sea, multiengine sea, rotorcraft and glider ratings. He also has tail wheel, complex, high performance, 

powered: parachute, gyro plane and weight-shift-control (trike) endorsements and owns a 160 hp 

2002 Vans RV-6 tail wheel aircraft. He is past president and past secretary of the North Florida 

Soaring Society. In addition, he is an active participant in the carplane industry and serves as 

editor ofwww.carplanenews.com 

Education .• ! ' 

UNIVERSITY OF TOLEbO,'Toledo, Ohio: ' 

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering, Magna Cum Laude, 1976 

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, Berkeley, California: 

Master of Science in Civil Engineering, Transportation Major, 1977 

UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO, Toledo, Ohio: 

Master ofBusiness Administration~ 1983 

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Cambridge, Massachusetts: 

Postgraduate Studies in Transportation, 1984-1985 

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, Gainesville, Florida: 

Doctor ofPhilosvphy in Civil Engineeiir..g (Transportation Major, Statistics Minor), 2007 

Professional Status 

• Registered Civil Engineer in Florida, Georgia,·Califomia, Ohio, Michigan and Massachusetts 

• NCEES National Professional Engineering Registration, Number 53840 

• Professional Traffic Operations Engineer (PTOE) 

• Past Adjunct Professor, University of North Florida Engineering Department 

• Certified Unlimited Electrical Contractor in Florida (EC-000 1856) and Georgia (ER-1 0 1784) 

• Level III IMSA - Certified· Traffic Signal Technician 

• Level III IMSA- Certified Signs &Markings Specialist 

• Author- IMSA Level I and Level II Traffic Signal Training Manual 

• Author- IMSA Traffic Signal Illspection Manual 

• Author ofNine On-Line Cotitinuing Education Courses in Traffic Signal Design and Operation 

• ATSSA Certified for Florida Advanced Work Zone Traffic Control 

• Fellow- Institute of Transportation Engineers 
Experience 

• JW BUCKHOLZ TRAFFIC ENGINEERING, Consulting Engineers, Jacksonville, Florida 

• VOLLMER ASSOCIATES (now ST ANTEC), Consulting Engineers, Boston, Massachusetts 

• TOLEDO METROPOLITAN AREA COUNCIL OF GOVERNMENTS, Toledo. Ohio 

• SAN DIEGO COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, San Diego, California 

• McDONNELL, PROUDFOOT & ASSOCIATES, Consulting Engineers, Toledo, Ohio 

Principal publications: 

Buckholz, JW, ldentify_ing Optimum Lane Configuration Using CMA, PDH Engineer Continuing Education Course, 

2015 

Buckholz, JW, "Key Characteristics of a Winning Carplane", Paper Presented at International Road Federation 

World Meeting, November 2013, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 

Buckholz, JW, Traffic Signal Construction, PDH Engineer Continuing Education Course, 2011 

Buckholz, JW, Signal Supports, Indications and Signing, CED Engineering Continuing Education Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, Designing Traffic Signals, CED Engineering Continuing Ed4cation Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, Introduction to Traffic Signals, PDH Engineer Continuing Education Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, Planning for Traffic Signals, PDH Engineer Continuing Education Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, Basic Signal Timing Concepts, PDH Online Continuing Education Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, Traffic Signal Detection Systems, PDH Online Continuing Education Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, The Signal Controller Cabinet, PDH Site Continuing Education Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, Traffic Signal Phasing, PDH Site Continuing Education Course, 2010 

Buckholz, JW, "A Proposed Transportation System for Readable Aircraft", Paper Presented at Transportation 

Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2010, Washington, D.C 

Buckholz, JW, 'Theoretical Bounds for Delay Estimation", Paper Submitted for Consideration at Transportation 

Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2010, Washington, D.C 

Buckholz, JW, "LOS for Oversaturated Conditions, A Proposed Solution for Signalized Intersections", ITE Journal, 

January 2009 

Buckholz, JW and Courage, KC, "Microscopic and Macroscopic Approaches to Delay Estimation with 

Oversaturated Conditions", Transportation Research Record No. 2071, Journal of the Transportation 

Research Board, 2008 

Buckholz, JW, Ph.D. Dissertation, "Real-Time Measurement of Delay at Signalized Intersections", December 2007 

Buckholz, JW, "Detector Switching and Detector Calling", IMSA Journal, Vo. 41, No. 3/03 (May/June 2003) 

Buckholz, JW, "Clamp-On Single Point Ground Testers", IMSA Journal, March/April2003 

Buckholz, JW, "Choosing Intersection Control (Part II- 3 Case Studies)", IMSA Journal, Jan/Feb 2003 

Buckholz, JW, "Choosing Intersection Control (Part 1)", IMSA Journal, November/December 2002 

Buckholz, JW, "The Future of Traffic Signals", IMSA Journal, September/October 2002 

Buckholz, JW, "Limitations of Coordinated Signal Timing Programs", IMSA Journal, July/August 2002 

Buckholz, JW, 'Ten Common Deficiencies of Signalized Intersections", IMSA Journal, May/June 2002 

Buckholz, JVV, "Check Timing Values (Construction Timings)", IMSA Journal, November/December 2001 

Buckholz, JW, "Fully-Actuated Traffic Signal Control", IMSA Journal, July/August 2001 

Buckholz, JW, "Stop Line vs. Upstream Detection (Volume-Density Operation)", IMSA Journal, May/June 2001 

Buckholz, JW, "Dilemma Zone Protection", IMSA Journal, March/April 2001 

Buckholz, JW, "IMSA Level II Traffic Signal Update (Preventive Maintenance)", IMSA Journal, Jan/Feb 2001 

Buckholz, JW, "Lane Discipline in Multi-Lane Roundabouts", IMSA Journal, November/December 2000 

Buckholz, JW, 'Types of Flashing Operation (Low Volume Flash)", IMSA Journal, July/August 2000 

Buckholz, JW, "Improving Driver Education", IMSA Journal, May/June 2000 

Buckholz, JW, "The Benefit of Full lime Inspection (Tailored Inspection)", IMSA Journal, March/Apri12000 

Buckholz, JW, "Stop Line vs. Upstream Detection Areas (Right Turn Slip Lanes)", IMSA Journal, Jan/Feb 2000 

Buckholz, JW, "Cabinet Grounding", IMSA Journal, November/December 1999 

Buckholz, JW, 'The New IMSA Traffic Signal Inspection Manual", IMSA Journal, September/October 1999 

Buckholz, JW, IMSA T~affic Signal Inspection Manual, 1999 

Buckholz, JW, 'Travel Time Runs", IMSA Journal, July/August 1999 

Buckholz, JW, "Types of Flashing Operation (Yellow/Red vs. Red/Red Flashing)", IMSA Journal, May/June 1999 

Buckholz, JW, "Typical Background Cycle Lengths", IMSA Journal, March/April1999 
Buckholz, JW, "Delay Detection", IMSA Journal, January/February 1999 

Buckholz, JW, "Left Turn Phasing", IMSA Journal, November/December 1998 

Buckholz, JW, "Traffic Signal Update (Levell and II Test Summary)", IMSA Journal, September/October 1998 

Buckholz, JW, 'Traffic Signal Update (Australia-New Zealand Traffic Control)", IMSA Journal, July/August 1998 

Buckholz, JW, "Troubleshooting", IMSA Journal, March/April 1998 

Buckholz, JW, "Current", IMSA Journal, January/February 1998 

Buckholz, JW, "Maximum Usable Area of the Conduit", IMSA Journal, November/December 1997 

Buckholz, JW, "Check Timing Values (Dual Entry)", IMSA Journal, September/October 1997 

Buckholz, JW, "New Levell Signal Manual Arrives", IMSA Journal, July/August 1997 

Buckholz, JW, IMSA Levell Traffic Signal Training Manual, 1997 

Buckholz, JW, "Fiber Optic Cable", IMSA Journal, May/June 1997 

Buckholz, JW, "Railroad Preemption", IMSA Journal, March/April1997 

Buckholz, JW, "Relative Offset", IMSA Journal, January/February 1997 

Buckholz, JW, "Basic Signal Timing Concepts", IMSA Journal, November/December 1996 

Buckholz, JW, "Required Inductance", IMSA Journal, September/October 1996 

Buckholz, JW, "Pedestrian Phasing", IMSA Journal, July/August 1996 

Buckholz, JW, "The Detector Test Panel", IMSA Journal, March/April1996 

Buckholz, JW, "Mast Arm Pole Length", IMSA Journal, January/February1996 

Buckholz, JW, !MSA Levell! Traffic Signal Training Manual, 1994 

Buckholz, JW, "The 10 Major Pitfalls of Coordinated Signal Timing", ITE Journal, August 1993 

Contributed Section 36.14 (Traffic Engineering for the Criminal Defense Attorney) to Chapter 36 (Expert 

Witnesses) of Defense of Drunk Driving Cases: Criminal- Civil, Volume 4, Matthew Bender, 1989 

Buckholz, JW, Transportation Resource Decision-Making Framework, University of California Institute of 

Transportation Studies, December 1977 

Professional development activities in the last eight years: 

2014, Public Representative to Florida Board of Professional Engineer's Rules Committee on Traffic Engineering 

Attended International Road Federation World Meeting, November 2013, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 

Attended University Transportation Center Southeast Regional Conference, April 2013 

Attended Accessible Pedestrian Signal Workshop, March 2013 

May 2011 Disciplinary Review for the Florida Board of Professional Engineers (Mobile Gas Station) 

February 2011 Disciplinary Review for the Florida Board of Professional Engineers (Gateway Greens) 

Taught IMSA Traffic Signal Level I Certification Class, January 2011, Nassau, Bahamas 

Presented at Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2010, Washington, D.C., "A Proposed 

Transportation System for Readable Aircraft" 

Attended FOOT Quality and Level of Service Workshop, December 2009 

Attended Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2009, Washington, D.C. 

Presented Paper at Penn State Transportation Engineering and Safety Conference, December 2008, State 

College, Pennsylvania, "Common Deficiencies of Signalized Intersections" 

Reviewed Paper Submission for 2009 Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting: "Three Dimensional 

Mapping of Inductive Loop Detector Sensitivity Using Field Measurement". 

Presented at 1oth International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation, May 

2008, Athens, Greece, "The Real-Time Estimation of Delay at Signalized Intersections" 

Reviewed 2 Paper Submissions for 2008 International Conference on Applications of Advar:ced Technologies in 

Transportation: "Development of Macroscopic Performance Measures from Traffic Simulation", and 

"Innovative Traffic Signal System for the Intersections of Under-Crossing Freeways in the Southern 

California Area". 

Presented at Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2008, Washington, D.C., "Microscopic and 

Macroscopic Approaches to Delay Estimation with Oversaturated Conditions" 

Reviewed Paper Submission for 2008 Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting: "Real-Time Methods for 

Quantifying Arterial Progression Performance". 

Attended Mid-Year Meeting of TRB's Highway Capacity Committee in Charlotte, North Carolina, July 2007 

Attended Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2007, Washington, D.C. 

Reviewed Paper Submission for 2007 Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting: "Event Based Data 

Collection for Generating Actuated Controller Performance Measures". 

Attended Transportation Proportionate Fair Share, Concurrency & Financial Feasibility Workshop, May 2006 

CCEC Symposium, University of North Florida, April 2006, Presented: "Visible and Non-Visible Delay at 

Signalized Intersections" 

Presented at Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, January 2006 

PhD Progress Report in Transportation Operations and Traffic Control Session 
Scientific and professional societies of which a member: 

Institute of Transportation Engineers- Fellow (member since 1983) 

International Municipal Signal Association (member since 1989) 

Honors and awards: 

ESI 6355 Outstanding Project Award: "Traffic Signal Simulation", University of Florida, 2004 

IMSA Journal Award for Journalistic Excellence, 1997 and 1998 

Ohio Citizens Outstanding Student Award, 1983 

Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society, 1975 

Academic service: 

University of North Florida 

Instructor, Advanced Transportation Engineering, Spring 2005, 2006 and 2007 

Instructor, Introduction to Transportation Engineering, Fall 2006 

Some projects for which Dr. Buckholz has been the principal investigator include: 

o The design of a 36-signal closed loop system for St. Johns County, Florida. A detailed set of plans and an 

extensive set of special provisions were developed for this state-of-the-art traffic control system which utilizes 

fiber optic cable for master-to-local communications. Since a large portion of the system is within historic St. 

Augustine, a number of important aesthetic and archeological issues had to be addressed within the plans 

and specifications. 

o Preparation of a long-range transportation planning study to analyze the effect of the LaVilla/Brooklyn 

development project, a major new development covering the western portion of Downtown Jacksonville. The 

Jacksonville Urban Area Transportation System (JUATS) files were updated to reflect land use and network 

changes associated with the new development. Network changes included freeway ramp closures, road 

closures, road realignments, and changes in the number of travel lanes. Complete area simulations were 

executed using the OS/2 version of FSUTMS and daily traffic volume mappings were plotted. AM and PM 

peak hour traffic flows were derived from the daily flows using peak hour information obtained from 

downtown traffic counts. The peak hour capacity situation at critical links and intersections was established, 

deficient areas were identified, and network modifications were recommended. 

o Provided Inspection Services for the Installation of Overhead Changeable Message Signs and Radar Detection Along 1-

595 in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. Served as resident engineer on this CMS system, providing services that 

included: Factory Acceptance Testing, system testing, fiber-optic inspection, power service inspection, and 

conduit and wiring inspection. The system has 23 full-matrix overhead truss and cantilever mounted signs 

with fiber-optic flip disk technology. 

o A transportation planning and access management study for SR 21 (Blanding Boulevard) in Clay County. 

This study developed future traffic volumes, identified locations where median closures or modifications were 

needed, and set the recommended lane configuration at each signalized intersection. Numerous meetings 

were held so that the results of the study could be presented to the Florida Department of Transportation, 

local officials, and the general public. 

o Completed a corridor study to identify the appropriate lane configuration and traffic control along 6 miles of 

SR 820 (Pines Boulevard) from Interstate 75 to SR 25 (US 27) in Pembroke Pines, Florida. The desired 

mainline lane configuration, intersection lane configuration, and median arrangement for the 10-year (2006) 

design horizon were established in this study. Appropriate traffic signal locations were also identified. 

o Prepared signing plans for 16 State Roads in the Orlando area. The work included the inventory of existing 

signs, the conversion of all the numerical signs from English to Metric, and the modification of all the 

substandard non-numerical signs to meet FHWA standards. Design improvements were made with respect 

to such items as sign legend, clear zone, longitudinal placement, reflectivity, and letter size. The design work 

included approximately 1500 signs and resulted in a 400-sheet set of detailed signing plans, included an 

extensive set of guide sign worksheets. 
o The design of a 14-signal closed loop system for SR 21 in Clay County, Florida. A detailed set of plans and 

special provisions were developed for this system which utilizes fiber optic cable for master-to-local 

communications. A complete set of signing and pavement marking plans for the SR 21 corridor were also 

developed and lane closure calculations were completed. 

o A long-range transportation planning study using the St. Johns County FSUTMS model was conducted in 

support of the conceptual design effort for the County's new "North-South" corridor. Future traffic volumes 

were established along the corridor and at each major intersection. These design volumes served as a basis 

for determining the proper lane configuration and traffic control for both the mainline and the intersections. 

The optimum mainline lane configuration and intersection lane configuration for both the short term (2005) 

design horizon and the long term (2020) design horizon were established in this study. 

o Factory Acceptance Testing of Econolite Controllers in accordance with the requirements of the State of 

Vermont Agency of Transportation. Over a period of three years, factory acceptance testing of Econolite 

controllers was conducted at Econolite's east coast assembly facility in Jacksonville, Florida. The controller, 

conflict monitor, and cabinet were put through an extensive set of operational tests and various electrical 

measurements were made to ensure proper cabinet construction. A check was also made of all timings, 

including coordinated timings, to ensure compliance with the plans and specifications. 

o A transportation planning study for the US 1 corridor in St. Johns County, Florida. Public participation is a 

key element of this project with three formal public presentations being provided. Slide presentations with 

accompanying pre-recorded scripts were used, along with extensive sets of aerial photographs. Press 

releases and public notices were prepared and mailing lists of adjacent property owners and local officials 

were developed. 

o A retiming project for 18 signals on Roosevelt Blvd. (US 17) in Jacksonville, Florida. Coordinated traffic flow 

was achieved along this busy corridor which carries both downtown commuter traffic and traffic generated by 

Jacksonville Naval Air Station, the largest employment location in Northeast Florida. Many of the signals 

along the corridor have railroad preemption and it was necessary to accommodate the railroad preemption in 

developing the revised timing plans. The presence of a number of continuous thru lanes along the corridor 

also required special consideration. 

o Served as resident engineer in charge of construction for: a 37-signal fiber optic closed-loop system in St. 

Johns County, Florida; 32 signals on SR 5 (Main Street) in Jacksonville, Florida; and a 73 signal expansion 

to the UTCS signal system in Broward County (Ft. Lauderdale), Florida. Also provided on-site construction 

inspection services for new traffic signals in Duval and Nassau County, Florida. Monitored construction 

quality, adherence to plans and specifications, and work zone safety. 

o Completed a corridor study to identify the appropriate lane configuration and traffic control along 1.5 miles of 

SR 806 (Atlantic Avenue) from Jog Road to Florida's Turnpike in southwestern Palm Beach County. The 

desired mainline lane configuration, intersection lane configuration, and median arrangement for both a 5-

year (2003) and 20-year (2018) design horizon were established in this study. Warranted traffic signal 

locations and optimum signal phasing were also identified. 

o The design of a 22-signal closed loop system along Lem Turner Road in Jacksonville, Florida. A detailed set 

of plans and an extensive set of model 170 technical special provisions were developed for this traffic control 

system which will utilize fiber-optic master-to-local communications. Prior to initiating the design, a detailed 

system timing report was prepared for FOOT review which contained information on existing signal operation 

and identified needed signal improvements. 

o Preparation of a long-range transportation planning study to support of the improvement of Monument Road 

in Jacksonville, Florida. Jacksonville Urban Area Transportation System (JUATS) files were updated to 

reflect land use and network changes for the various alternatives under study. Area simulations were 

executed and diversion studies were carried out using FSUTMS. Using the results from the computer 

planning models, cordon line counts, existing turning movement counts, and our knowledge of the area, we 

were able to identify the best roadway configuration and intersection geometries for the future Monument 

Road Corridor. 
o A retiming project for 37 traffic signals on San Jose Boulevard (SR 13) in Duval County. Coordinated traffic 

flow was achieved along this heavily-travelled commuter route through the field implementation of a series of 

new timing plans. The corridor was divided into logical subsections with separate timing plans tailored to 

each subsection. 

o The design of an overhead lane use control system for Birmingham Avenue in Jacksonville, Florida. 

Birmingham Avenue is a major east-west roadway located inside the Jacksonville Naval Air Station. A 

complete set of final plans and detailed technical special provisions were prepared for this job in accordance 

with US Navy Specifications. This project involves the construction of 7 overhead lane use gantries and a 

supporting communications and control network with central monitoring and manual override. Since the 

direction of the entire roadway must be reversed to handle commuter traffic, it was also necessary to design 

a complete system of electrically powered single message and dual message fiber optic blank-out signs (one 

way, no right turn, no left turn, etc.) 

o Trailblazer and guide sign design for the Sawgrass Expressway in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. This signing 

project involved an extensive sign inventory from which a conceptual signing plan for this 36 mile facility was 

developed. Once the conceptual design was approved, a final plans package was prepared. 

o A traffic study and feasibility analysis for the installation of reversible lane signals on Birmingham Avenue. 

This study, which was conducted for Jacksonville Naval Air Station, examined a number of reversible lane 

design options before recommending a system of overhead lane use control signals and dual message 

blank-out signs. 

o A traffic signal retiming project for 40 signals on Blanding Boulevard (SR 21) in Clay and Duval counties. 

Coordinated traffic flow was achieved along this heavily-travelled commuter route through the field 

implementation of new AM-peak, PM-peak, Off-peak and "shoulder-period" timing plans. Both hard-wire and 

time-based interconnection was used to provide the needed coordination and a special phasing scheme was 

developed for the compressed diamond interchange in the middle of the corridor. 

o A retiming project for 23 signals on University Boulevard (SR 1 09) in Duval County. Coordinated traffic flow 

was achieved along this heavily-travelled circumferential arterial through the field implementation of a 

complete set of new timing plans. 

o A traffic study for the extension of 50th Street in Jacksonville, Florida. 50th Street is a primary access route 

for semi-trailer traffic destined for industrial and port-related facilities in North Jacksonville. This study 

identified future traffic volumes, suggested a suitable cross section and pavement design for the extension, 

and recommended appropriate traffic control devices. 

o A truck access study for the ITT -Rayonier Mill in Fernandina Beach, Florida. Seven alternative access routes 

were evaluated and a preferred route chosen. Both short term and long term recommended improvements 

were identified. These included signal equipment and timing modifications, signing and striping 

enhancements, and geometric improvements. 

o A traffic impact study for the St. Augustine Outlet Center in St. Johns County, Florida. This 220,000 sf factory 

outlet mall, which will be located near the interchange of 1-95 and State Route 16, will have a substantial 

impact on the surrounding road system. Needed roadway, signalization, and interchange improvements 

were identified. Subsequent to the traffic study, a traffic impact fee analysis was completed. 

o A traffic impact study for the Baptist Outpatient Center in downtown Jacksonville, Florida. This 135,000 sf 

medical facility will serve as a regional center for acute eye care and cancer treatment. A circulation plan 

was developed that would provide suitable access for a difficult site location. Completion of the study 

required coordination with the Florida Department of Transportation, the City of Jacksonville Traffic 

Engineering Department, the City of Jacksonville Planning Department, and the Jacksonville Transportation 

Authority. 
' ' 

o Preparation of a revised highway master plan for downtown Chattanooga, Tennessee. In order to open-up 

the banks of the Tennessee River for cultural development, it became necessary to close a major highway 

running along the river. A revised highway master plan was developed to accommodate both the diverted 

traffic from the highway to be closed and the generated traffic from the new cultural center. 

o Preparation of a long-range transportation planning study to analyze the traffic effects of the proposed 

Regency By-Pass and to identify the required mainline, interchange, and intersection lane configurations. 

The Jacksonville Urban Area Transportation System (JUATS) model was updated to reflect network changes 

and diversion studies were carried out using the multi-period/multi-path transit module of FSUTMS. 

o A traffic engineering analysis and functional roadway design for Boston's Third Harbor Tunnel/Seaport 

Access Road. This included all phases of transportation modelling (trip generation through traffic 

assignment) as well as highway capacity analysis. 

o The design of a proposed new interchange and terminal roadways for Logan International Airport. This 

included the design of exclusive commercial vehicle lanes to be used by taxis and buses, the redesign of 

complex traffic weaving sections, and the design of a simplified signing system for the airport. Due to the 

many modes of travel to and from Boston's Logan Airport, it was necessarJ to develop a special computer 

model for traffic forecasting. 

o Development of a transportation master plan and proposed roadway system for the City of Westland, 

Michigan. The area involved included a large shopping mall, single family and multiple family residential 

areas, and strip commercial development. New roadways and intersection improvements were 

recommended. 

o Design of an access system and internal roadway system for Ohio's newest state park. A linear regression 

model was developed for forecasting attendance and associated traffic. Internal park roadways, activity 

parking areas, and the camper check-in area were all designed to be visually pleasing and to minimize 

disruption to the environment. 

o Parking study for Boston's World Trade Center and Fish Pier. An analysis of future parking demand versus 

available supply was prepared by 5-year intervals. A structured parking facility was recommended to handle 

expected parking demand increases due to future office expansion. 

o Participated in the development of Traffic Impact Fee procedures and monitoring systems for Rockland, 

Massachusetts and Amelia Island, Florida An equitable procedure for assessing both immediate and future 

developments was prepared. This procedure was based on past legal precedents and current transportation 

theory with regard to impact fees. 

o Served as project manager on eight minor highway design projects located in District II of the Florida 

Department of Transportation. These projects included road widenings, bridge approaches, and intersection 

widenings. Responsibilities included: participation in plan preparation, coordination of project submittals, plan 

review to ensure adherence to safety criteria, and overall review of plans, specifications, and bid items. 

o Designed maintenance of traffic plans for the temporary closing of three railroad crossings in St. Johns 

County Florida. These plans included detour signing with all signs and barricades in accordance with the 

Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. 

o Signing, striping, geometric design and signal design for many intersections in Florida, Ohio, Michigan, and 

Massachusetts. Work included: signal warrant analysis, the use of microcomputer programs such a SOAP, 

TRANSYT, and PASSER to set signal timings, accident analysis, and capacity analysis based on the 1985 

and 1994 Highway Capacity Manual. 

o Preparation of numerous Traffic Impact studies and Environmental Impact Reports for project developments 

throughout New England and Florida. These developments included office parks, regional shopping centers, 

medical facilities, resorts, and housing developments.