DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

1 

Issue #1: FASB ASU 2016-14, “Presentation of Financial Statements of Not-forProfit Entities” (Topic 958)

The Change from Three Classes of Net Assets to Two Classes of Net Assets

1. Are there implications from the change from three classes of net assets to two classes that

should be discussed with regard to calculating the composite score? This change impacts the

composite score calculation because new terminology in ASU 2016-14 will make it impossible to

calculate the ratios comprising the composite score. Hours of discussion resulted in subcommittee

consensus on the following recommendations.

A. The subcommittee recommends:

i. Replacing old terms with new terms

ii. In some cases, definitions will need to change (i.e., total expenses, expendable net

assets)

B. The subcommittee recommends:

i. A “Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule” should be included with the

audited financial statements that are submitted with EZ Audit. The “supplemental

schedule” would be subject to audit review and result in an auditor’s attestation of

comfort within the audit opinion.

ii. The “Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule” would include all attributes

needed to calculate each ratio comprising the composite score.

iii. The “Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule” would also include certain

other ratio components that are not required to be displayed or disclosed in the

financial statements per Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, as follows:

1. The perpetual portion of an institution’s endowment and other perpetual

net assets

2. Annuities, term endowments, and life income funds: with donor restrictions

(but not perpetual restrictions)

3. Long-term lines of credit, lease liabilities, and all long-term debt (including

the related current portion of all debt for long term purposes)

4. Information concerning the relationship between trustees and the college or

university. Trustee contributions receivable (pledges / promises to give)

would not be excluded when calculating expendable net assets if the trustee

is not an owner, compensated manager, investor, or vendor with a

significant business interest in the institutions.

iv. There would be a new “Appendix B” as part of the renegotiated regulation that

modifies the existing Appendix B for new terms and definitions and contains the

“Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule.” (pages 13 – 17)

C. Illustration (page 2):

i. Provides an illustrative crosswalk between old and new terms and ratio

definitions as a result of ASU 2016-14 and the changes in net asset classes.

ii. Note: pension liabilities replace retirement liabilities: FR Notice, page 41195 of

FR083017—“within the context of ASU 2016-14, the subcommittee will consider

clarification of treatment of endowment losses, terms of endowments, retirement

liabilities, long-term debt, and construction in progress”
DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

2 

Crosswalk: Current to New Terminology as a result of FASB ASU 2016-14 and 

Subcommittee Consensus

Ratio Current Definition Proposed Definition

Primary Reserve Ratio Highlighted terms going away Red Font are new terms

 Numerator: Expendable net 

assets

(unrestricted net assets) + 

(temporarily restricted net assets) 

– (annuities, term endowments

and life income funds that are

temporarily restricted) –

(intangible assets) – (net

property, plant and equipment) +

(post-employment and retirement

liabilities) + (all debt obtained

for long term purposes) –

(unsecured related party

receivables)

(total net assets) - (net assets 

with donor restrictions: restricted 

in perpetuity) – (annuities, term 

endowments and life income 

funds with donor restrictions) – 

(intangible assets) – (net 

property, plant and equipment) + 

(post-employment and pension

liabilities) + (all debt obtained 

for long term purposes) - 

(unsecured related party 

receivables) 

 Denominator: Total expenses the total unrestricted expenses

taken directly from the audited 

financial statements

total expenses without donor 

restrictions taken directly from 

the analysis of natural and 

functional expenses. 

Equity Ratio

 Numerator: Modified net assets (unrestricted net assets) + 

(temporarily restricted net assets) 

+ (permanently restricted net

assets) – (intangible assets) –

(unsecured related party

receivables)

(net assets without donor 

restrictions) + (net assets with 

donor restrictions) – (intangible 

assets) – (unsecured related party 

receivables)

Net Income Ratio

 Numerator: Change in 

unrestricted net assets 

Change in Unrestricted Net 

Assets is taken directly from the 

audited financial statements

Change in net assets without 

donor restrictions is taken 

directly from the audited 

financial statements

 Denominator: Total 

unrestricted revenue 

Total Unrestricted Revenue is 

taken directly from the audited 

financial statements (and 

includes net assets released from 

restriction during the fiscal year)

Total Revenue, Gains, and 

Losses: Net Assets without 

Donor Restrictions is calculated 

by taking the Change in net 

assets without donor restrictions 

and adding total expenses. 
DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

3 

Significant Additional Disclosures Concerning Liquidity

2. How could the Department use the additional liquidity disclosures in evaluating a notfor-profit schools’ financial health?

A. ASU 2016-14 requires qualitative and quantitative disclosures about liquidity and the

availability of financial resources. Information about how an institution manages

liquidity is more of a qualitative disclosure. The availability of financial resources

will be more of a quantitative disclosure. Although liquidity policies will be

interesting, the resource availability disclosures may be of greatest value.

B. The resource availability disclosures will not use a prescriptive format and it may

take 2 -3 years of experience with the disclosure for institutions to coalesce around a

consistent approach (and presentation) that clearly communicates all available

resources over a twelve-month period from the date of the financial statements.

C. Subcommittee recommendation:

i. Because it will likely take preparers and users 2 – 3 years to get experience

with interpreting and refining the resource availability disclosure, ED should

study the disclosure for institutions showing signs of financial duress

(composite scores in the zone, failing scores, or sudden composite score

drops).

ii. ED should partner with subcommittee experts or designate an advisory group

to assist with studying the disclosure.

1. The objective is to determine if the disclosure effectively augments the

composite score

2. Another objective is to recommend financial (stabilization) intervention

i. Assess impact on the disclosure during the 2 – 3 year “study” period

ii. Assess correlation between disclosure changes and composite score

movement

3. Are there comparable liquidity disclosures for proprietary schools and, if not, should

such disclosures be required of proprietary schools?

A. Subcommittee recommendation: No further disclosures should be required of

proprietary schools with respect to these matters, as there are currently no comparable

FASB requirements for proprietary schools

B. Proprietary schools don’t have donor restrictions. Restrictions were the driver of the

new NFP disclosure requirement, which is designed to help financial statement users

understand how donor restrictions affect resource availability and liquidity.
DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

4 

4. Do the additional disclosures address when a school borrows from donor restricted

funds without proper authorization? If not, should there be a required additional

disclosure in the regulations?

A. The additional disclosures do not address donor restricted and endowment borrowing

i. Institutions can borrow from endowment funds as an investment allocation

ii. Nothing in FASB’s literature precludes endowment borrowing

B. Subcommittee consensus:

i. This should not be a requirement for all institutions. (Many financially healthy

and household name institutions borrow from their endowment as an

investment allocation strategy)

ii. The liquidity and availability disclosures should highlight a lack of available

resources for use in a twelve-month period (a proxy for a school’s operating

cycle).

iii. Perhaps institutions that lack sufficient resource availability should have to

provide information about endowment and other restricted fund borrowing

Investment Return Net of External and Direct Internal Investment Expenses:

5. Does investment return net of external and direct internal investment expenses impact

the composite score, or the manner in which the Department evaluates a school’s

financial responsibility?

A. Prior to ASU 2016‐14 institutions had the option to report investment expenses net

of investment return or as an expense in the Statement of Activities (SOA).

B. NACUBO and FASB have observed that reporting investment expenses net

of investment return is the prevailing practice.

C. The ASU clarifies and limits what is considered an investment expense

D. The vast majority of institutions have externally managed endowments and

net few or zero internal investment related expenses against investment

return

E. This may increase total expenses but is not expected to materially alter the

primary reserve ratio –even for institutions with very large internally

management endowments (such schools tend to have healthy composite

scores)

F. Subcommittee consensus: the new netting requirement will not impact the

composite score
DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

5 

Placed-In-Service Approach

6. ASU 2016-14 requires the placed-in-service approach. This approach would not have

an impact on net assets, but in the year the asset is placed in service could have a

significant positive impact on net assets without donor restriction. How or should the

Department consider this impact in evaluating a non-profit school’s financial

responsibility?

A. Requiring the placed-in-service approach would not have an impact on net assets, but in

the year the asset is placed in service could have a significant positive impact on net

assets without donor restriction.

B. Subcommittee discussion:

i. Restricted contributions are released as revenue (without restriction)

ii. Amounts released from restriction are included when calculating the net income

ratio

iii. Per NACUBO, the new requirement in ASU 2016-14 is already the predominant

practice

a. less than five percent of institutions may not do this

b. the largest and greatest resourced institutions are more likely to be

those that don’t follow the prevailing practice, such institutions

have healthy composite scores

iv. ASU 2016-14 would require any amounts previously recognized in net assets

without donor restrictions—before the asset is placed-in-service—to be

reclassified to net assets with donor restrictions. The Regulation already allows

for one-time adjustments for a change in accounting principle

C. Subcommittee consensus: the placed-in-service requirement will not impact the

composite score
DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

6 

Issue #2: Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards 

Update, ASU 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842), and the Department’s 

Financial Responsibility Standards.

1. How should the right-of-use asset be classified for purposes of the composite score?

A. FASB would not consider the right-of-use asset an intangible asset because it represents

the right to use a tangible asset; the tangible asset is the asset available for the

institution’s use.

B. Subcommittee consensus: the leased asset (right-to-use) would be categorized with

property, plant, and equipment when calculating the composite score.

2. How should the lease liability be treated with respect to the right-of-use asset for the

composite score?

A. A lease liability is equal to the present value of the lease payments and is directly related

to the right-of-use (property, plant and equipment) asset.

B. Subcommittee consensus: the lease liability is a long-term liability and will be

categorized with long-term debt when calculating the composite score.

i. The long-term liabilities (initial maturity exceeds twelve months) related to leased

assets would include both the long and short-term portion of the lease liability

ii. The sum of long-term lease liabilities and long-term debt cannot exceed the total

value of net property, plant and equipment. (Net means property, plant and

equipment—including leased assets—less accumulated depreciation and

amortization)

3. How should violations of debt covenants be treated by the Department in evaluating

financial responsibility as a result of the changes from ASU 2016-2?

A. A debt covenant violation caused by ASU 2016-2 does not necessarily indicate financial

concern because the change in accounting principle did not change the way an institution

was operating.

B. Institutions should be proactively renegotiating covenants.

C. Subcommittee recommendation – ED may want to additionally analyze institutions that

are not able to renegotiate covenants. (Existing financial responsibility regulations

require an institution to report any violation of a loan agreement to ED)

4. How should any impact to a school’s financial statements be treated as a result of the

transition requirements?

A. FASB ASU 2016-2 may significantly affect an institution’s equity ratio (40% weight).

This weight could lead to a significantly lower composite score for institutions that

predominantly have operating leases today (no asset or liability on the balance sheet).

B. Subcommittee discussion:

i. Institutions that currently have a significant volume of operating leases should

stress-test their composite scores (i.e. calculate the composite score with and

without ASU 2016-2 requirements), and begin to consider changes in business

planning and strategy.

ii. Although it is common belief that ASU 2016-2 predominantly impacts proprietary

institutions, it is likely to also affect non-profit institutions that (a) have sold plant
DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

7 

assets for capital (using operating leases instead), (b) are in urban areas where it is 

more convenient to have operating leases rather than purchasing or constructing 

capital assets, (c) are changing program or plant models and have rent expense. 

iii. It may take several years for the full impact of ASU 2016-2 to be seen in an

institution’s financial statements—depending on the timing of lease agreements.

Impacted operating leases would typically have terms of three to eight years.

C. Subcommittee recommendation:

i. ED should allow a transition period for all institutions (during this time, ED will

not use the Regulation’s “change in accounting principle” adjustment).

ii. The subcommittee recommends a four-year transition period from the time the

renegotiated regulation is in effect.

iii. On the “Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule” (included with an

institution’s audited financial statements (recommended under Issue 1),

institutions taking advantage of the four-year transition period will:

1. Report the impact of ASU 2016-02 on operating leases in existence at the

time the institution implements the new leasing standard (ASU 2016-02),

(existing operating leases are impacted by an accounting change rather than 

a business decision).

2. Report the incremental additions on their balance sheet—this means

additional amounts that were added to assets (right of use or net property,

plant and equipment) and additional related liabilities.

3. New leases entered into after the renegotiated regulation is in effect do not

qualify for transition period treatment.

a. If existing operating leases are renegotiated during the transition

period, the lease will be considered a new lease and not included

with transition period leases (no amounts will be separately

reported for these leases).

b. New leases entered into during the transition period will not be

included with transition period leases (no amounts will be reported

separately for these leases).

4. The negotiated regulation would contain a new appendix. Appendix A,

(paegs 9-12) and Appendix B (pages 13-17), illustrate the new 

requirements and supplemental schedule. Supplemental Schedules are on 

pages 11 and 16. 

iv. The Department of Education will calculate the ratio with and without the effect

of ASU 2016-2; and will use the optimum (higher) composite score for the

institution.

v. Page 8 of this document contains an “illustration of proposed regulatory

language” that would be added to 34 CFR 668.172. 

5. Are there any specific disclosure requirements that should be specified in the regulations

due to the discretion allowed in the new disclosures?

A. Disclosures are designed to provide users with additional information about an entity’s

ability to meet its lease obligations

B. Subcommittee recommendation – There is no need for new requirements because of

new disclosures
DRAFT

Borrower Defense Negotiated Rulemaking Financial Responsibility Subcommittee

8 

Illustration

Proposed new paragraph (d) to be added to 34 CFR 668.172

§ 668.172 Financial Ratios.

* * *

(d) Transition period for treatment of certain operating leases.

(1) For the purposes of calculating an institution’s ratios under this section, a transition

period shall apply to operating leases initially entered into before July 1, 2019 that also are 

subject to Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Codification ASC 842 (Leases) as 

right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities. 

(2) The transition period is the first four complete fiscal years beginning on or after

January 1, 2019 for which the Secretary determines an institution’s composite score under this 

section.

(3) During the transition period, in addition to the ratio calculations otherwise conducted

under this section, the Secretary shall calculate transition ratios that exclude the effects of 

operating leases described in subparagraph (1). 

(4) An institution’s composite score for any fiscal year during the transition period shall

be the greater of— (i) the Secretary’s composite score determination based on the transition 

ratios calculated under subparagraph (3), or (ii) the Secretary’s composite score determination 

under this section without regard to the transition ratios. 
DRAFT

Appendix A: Ratio Methodology for Proprietary Institutions

9 

SECTION 1: Ratio and Ratio Terms

Primary Reserve Ratio Adjusted Equity

Total Expenses

Equity Ratio Modified Equity

Modified Assets

Net Income Ratio Income Before Taxes

Total Revenues

Definitions:

Adjusted Equity = (total owner's equity) - (intangible assets) - (unsecured related-party receivables) - (net property, plant and equipment)* + (postemployment and retirement pension liabilities) + (all debt obtained for long-term purposes)**

Total Expenses excludes income tax, discontinued operations, extraordinary losses, or change in accounting principle, and includes all

components of post-employment and pension expenses. 

Modified Equity = (total owner's equity) - (intangible assets) - (unsecured related-party receivables)

Modified Assets = (total assets) - (intangible assets) - (unsecured related-party receivables)

Income Before Taxes is taken directly from the audited financial statement

Total Pre-Tax Revenues = (total operating revenues) + (non-operating revenue and gains). Investment gains should be recorded net of investment 

losses. No revenues shown after income taxes (e.g., discontinued operations, extraordinary gains, or change in accounting principle) on the income 

statement should be included.

* The value of plant, property and equipment is net of accumulated depreciation, including capitalized lease (right to use) assets.

** The value of all debt obtained for long-term purposes includes lease obligations and the short-term portion of the qualifying debt and lease

liabilities, up to the amount of net property, plant and equipment (which includes leases).
Section 2, Calculating the Ratios from the Balance Sheet and Income Statement 10

Balance Sheet Statement of Income and Retained Earnings

Line Line

25 Operating Income $ 9,700,000

26 Non-Operating Income 300,000

27 Total Income 10,000,000

28 Cost of Goods Sold 6,800,000

29 Administrative Expenses 2,600,000

30 Depreciation Expense 60,000

31 Interest Expense 40,000

32 A Total Operating Expenses 9,500,000

32 B Post-employment & pension non-service expense 0 

37 Other: Net unusual loss 0

33 Other: Gain on Sale of Investments 10,000

34 Net Income Before Taxes 510,000

35 Federal Income Taxes 153,000

36 Net Income After Taxes (357,000

37 Extraordinary Loss, net of Tax Change in 

Accounting Principle

800,000

38 Net Income (443,000)

39 Retained Earnings, Beginning of year 1,263,000

22 Retained Earnings, end of year 820,000

Primary Reserve Ratio = (lines) 23-5-9-10-8+(16+19)* = $ 760,000 = 0.080

 32A + 32B $9,500,000

Equity Ratio = (lines) 23-5-9-10 = $ 810,000 = 0.332

13-5-9-10 $2,440,000

Net Income = (lines) 

Ratio

34

27+33

= $ 510,000

$10,010,000

= 0.051

*Long-Term Debt (lines 16+19) cannot exceed Property and Equipment (line 8) in this formula

1 Cash $ 190,000

2 Accounts Receivable 1,010,000

3 Prepaid Expenses 150,000

4 Inventories 130,000

5 Note Receivable from Affiliate 200,000

6 Investments 330,000

7 Total Current Assets 2,010,000

8 Property and Equipment, net 500,000

9 Amount Due from Owner 170,000

10 Goodwill 80,000

11 Organization Costs 70,000

12 Deposits 60,000

13 Total Assets 2,890,000

14 Accounts Payable 200,000

15 Accrued Expenses 330,000

16 Current Portion of Long-Term Debt 120,000

17 Deferred Revenue 650,000

18 Total Current Liabilities 1,300,000

19 Long-Term Debt, net of Current Portion 330,000

20 Total Liabilities 1,630,000

21 Contributed Capital 440,000

22 Retained Earnings 820,000

23 Total Owner's Equity 1,260,000

24 Total Liabilities and Owner's Equity 2,890,000
"Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule"

Primary Reserve Ratio:

Adjusted Equity:

23 Total owner’s equity 1,260,000 

10 Intangible assets 80,000 

5 + 9 Unsecured related party receivables 370,000 

8 Net property, plant and equipment (PP&E) * 500,000

 Post-employment and pension liabilities 0 

 Lease obligations * 80,000 Note 5

 Long-term lines of credit 50,000 Note 6

 Long-term debt 320,000 Note 7

16 and 19 Total debt obtained for long-term purposes 450,000 

Total Expenses:

32 A Total operating expenses 9,500,000 

32 B Post-employment & pension non-service expense 0 

 Total expenses 9,500,000 

Equity Ratio:

Modified Equity

23 Total owner’s equity 1,260,000 

10 Intangible assets 80,000 

5 + 9 Unsecured related party receivables 370,000 

Modified Assets:

13 Total assets 2,890,000 

10 Intangible assets 80,000 

5 + 9 Unsecured related party receivables 370,000 

Net Income Ratio:

Income Before Taxes:

34 Income before taxes 510,000 

Total Revenues:

25 Total operating revenue 9,700,000 

26 + 33 Non-operating revenues and gains 310,000 

* Existing operating leases included in net PP&E as a result of ASU 2016-02 100,000 

* Related liability: existing operating leases included in PP&E as a result of ASU 2016-02 80,000 

11
Section 3: Calculating the Composite Score Example for Proprietary Institutions

Step 1: Calculate the strength factor score for each ratio, by using the following algorithms:

Primary Reserve strength factor score = 20 x* Primary Reserve ratio result: 20 x 0.080 = 1.600

Equity strength factor score = 6 x Equity ratio result: 6 x 0.332 = 1.992 

Net Income strength factor score = 1 + (33.3 x Net Income ratio result): 1 + (33.3 x 0.051) = 2.698

If the strength factor score for any ratio is greater than or equal to 3, the strength factor score

for that ratio is 3. If the strength factor score for any ratio is less than or equal to -1, the strength factor score for that ratio is -1.

Step 2: Calculate the weighted score for each ratio and calculate the composite score by adding the three weighted scores

Primary Reserve weighted score = 30% x Primary Reserve strength factor score: 0.30 x 1.600 = 0.480

Equity weighted score = 40% x Equity strength factor score: 0.40 x 1.992 = 0.797

Net Income weighted score = 30% x Net Income strength factor score: 0.30 x 2.698 = 0.809

Composite score = sum of all weighted scores: 0.480 + 0.797 + 0.809 = 2.086

Round the composite score to one digit after the decimal point to determine the final score: 2.1

* The symbol "x" denotes multiplication.

12
DRAFT

Appendix B: Ratio Methodology for Private Non-Profit Institutions

13

Appendix B is updated to reflect (1) FASB ASU 2016-14, “Not-for-Profit Entities: Presentation of Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Entities,” which changes 

net asset reporting categories, terminology, and the availability of certain information needed to calculate financial responsibility ratios and (2) FASB ASU 2016- 

02, “Leases,” to ensure that newly capitalized assets are included in calculations.

SECTION 1: Ratio and Ratio Terms

Primary Reserve Ratio Expendable Net Assets 

Total Expenses

Equity Ratio Modified Net Assets 

Modified Assets

Net Income Ratio Change in Net Assets without Donor Restrictions

Total Revenue, Gains and Losses: Net Assets without Donor Restrictions

Definitions:

Expendable Net Assets = (total net assets) - (net assets with donor restrictions: restricted in perpetuity) – (annuities, term endowments and life income funds 

with donor restrictions) – (intangible assets) – (net property, plant and equipment)* + (post-employment and pension liabilities) + (all long-term debt, not to 

exceed total net property, plant and equipment)** - (unsecured related party receivables)*** 

Total Expenses = total expenses without donor restrictions taken directly from the total expenses reported in the analysis of natural and functional expenses.

Modified Net Assets = (net assets without donor restrictions) + (net assets with donor restrictions) – (intangible assets) – 

(unsecured related party receivables) ***

Modified Assets = (total assets) – (intangible assets) – (unsecured related party receivables)

Change in net assets without donor restrictions is taken directly from the audited financial statements

Total Revenue, Gains, and Losses: Net Assets without Donor Restrictions = (Change in net assets without donor restrictions) + (total expenses)

*The value of property, plant and equipment, including capitalized lease (right to use) assets, is net of accumulated depreciation/amortization.

** GEN – 03-08 (Dear Colleague Letter issued July 2003) - all long-term debt obtained for the institution’s purposes may be included and cannot exceed the 

amount of the institution’s net property, plant, and equipment. In addition, the value of all debt obtained for long-term purposes includes lease 

obligations and the short-term portion of the qualifying debt and lease liabilities, up to the amount of net property, plant and equipment (with leases). 
DRAFT

Appendix B: Ratio Methodology for Private Non-Profit Institutions

14

Net assets with donor restrictions: restricted in perpetuity

*** Unsecured related party receivables are “promises to give” from those with a significant business relationship with the reporting entity (that is, owners, 

investors, compensated managers, or vendors with a significant business relationship with the institution). An auditor attestation concerning trustee pledges 

not subject to the “unsecured related party receivable subtraction” (i.e. the trustees are not owners, investors, compensated managers, or vendors with a 

significant business relationship) must be included on the required “Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule” to the financial statements.

SECTION 2: New Terms and Definitions: (from Section 1)

Total net assets

Total net assets will be readily discernable on the financial statements—specifically on the Statement of Financial Position.

This amount can be found on the new “Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule” included with audited financial statements.

Annuities, term endowments, and life income funds with donor restrictions

This amount can be found on the new “Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule” included with audited financial statements—and would not include 

perpetual annuities and life income funds (which would be included with net assets with donor restrictions: restricted in perpetuity— referenced above).

Total Expenses

This is defined as total expenses reported in the analysis of natural and functional expenses. The analysis of total expenses by both their function and nature 

will be in a single location either on the face of the statement of activities, as a schedule in the notes to financial statements, or in a separate financial 

statement.

Net assets without donor restrictions

Total net assets without donor restrictions will be readily discernable on the financial statements – specifically on the Statement of Financial Position.

Net assets with donor restrictions

Total net assets with donor restrictions will be readily discernable on the financial statements – specifically on the Statement of Financial Position.

Change in net assets without donor restrictions

The total change in net assets without donor restrictions will be readily discernable on the financial statements – specifically on the Statement of Activities.
DRAFT

Appendix B: Ratio Methodology for Private Non-Profit Institutions

15

SECTION 3 PART 1: Information Needed to Calculate the Ratios (Statement of Financial Position, Statement of Activities, Expense Analysis, Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule)

Line BALANCE SHEET Total Line

Column a b

Without Donor

Restrictions

c

With Donor

Restrictions Total

1 Cash and cash equivalents 1,000,000 27 Tuition and fees 45,000,000 45,000,000

2 Accounts receivable 6,000,000 28 Contributions 1,200,000 420,000 1,620,000

3 Prepaid expenses 1,500,000 29 Auxiliary enterprises 5,500,000 5,500,000

4 Inventories 500,000 30 / 37 Net assets released from restriction 200,000 (200,000) 0

5 Contributions receivable 2,000,000 31 Total Operating Revenue 51,900,000 51,900,000

6 Student loans receivable 8,000,000 32 Operating expenses 38,000,000 38,000,000

7 Investments 6,000,000 33 Depreciation 5,000,000 5,000,000

8 Property and equipment, net 50,000,000 34 Interest expense 2,880,000 2,880,000

9 Bond insurance proceeds 720,000 35 Auxiliary enterprises 5,200,000 5,200,000

10 Goodwill 500,000 Total Operating Expenses 51,080,000 51,080,000

11 Deposits 20,000 Change in Net Assets from Operations 820,000 820,000

12 Total Assets 76,240,000 Non-operating revenue 0 0

13 Line of credit 500,000 36 Post-employment & pension non-service expense 900,000 900,000

14 Accounts payable 2,000,000 Non-operating Change in Net Assets (900,000) (900,000)

15 Accrued expenses 3,500,000 39 Total Change in Net Assets (80,000) 220,000 140,000

16 Deferred revenue 650,000 40 Net assets at beginning of year 15,270,000 11,580,000 26,850,000

17 Post-employment and pension liability 6,600,000 41 Net assets at end of year 15,190,000 11,800,000 26,990,000

18 Long term Debt 36,000,000

19 Total Liabilities 49,250,000

20 Net Assets without Donor Restrictions 15,190,000

21 Annuities 300,000

22 John Doe scholarship fund 2,500,000

23 Other donor funds 9,000,000

24 Net Assets with Donor Restrictions 11,800,000

25 Total Net Assets 26,990,000

26 Total Liabilities and Net Assets 76,240,000

Education Student Services Research Auxiliaries Support Total

Salaries 13,900,000 2,500,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 25,400,000

Benefits 3,100,000 700,000 1,200,000 800,000 600,000 6,400,000

Supplies 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 800,000 6,300,000

Services 1,200,000 900,000 2,100,000 1,300,000 500,000 6,000,000

Depreciation 1,600,000 900,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 500,000 5,000,000

Interest 960,000 520,000 575,000 575,000 250,000 2,880,000

38 Total Expenses 21,760,000 7,020,000 10,875,000 7,675,000 4,650,000 51,980,000

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES

EXPENSE ANALYSIS (from notes or separate statement)
DRAFT

Appendix B: Ratio Methodology for Private Non-Profit Institutions

16

Primary Reserve Ratio:

Expendable Net Assets:

25 Total net assets

23 A Net assets with donor restrictions: restricted in perpetuity

21 Annuities with donor restrictions

23 B Term endowments with donor restrictions

Life income funds with donor restrictions

10 Intangible assets

8 Net property, plant and equipment(PP&E) *

17 Post-employment and pension liabilities

Lease obligations **

Long-term lines of credit

Long-term debt

18 Total debt obtained for long-term purposes

Unsecured relatedparty receivables ***

Total Expenses:

38 Total expenses without donor restrictions

Equity Ratio:

Modified Net Assets:

20 Net assets without donorrestrictions

24 Net assets with donor restrictions

10 Intangible assets

Unsecured relatedparty receivables ***

Modified Assets:

12 Total assets

10 Intangible assets

Unsecured relatedparty receivables ***

Net Income Ratio:

Change in Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions:

39 Change in net assets without donor restrictions

Total Revenue, Gains and Losses: Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions:

39 Change in net assets without donor restrictions

38 Total expenses without donor restrictions

26,990,000

8,800,000 Note 4

300,000

200,000

0

500,000

50,000,000

6,600,000

5,000,000 Note 5

2,000,000 Note 6

29,000,000 Note 7

36,000,000

0

51,980,000 Note 8

15,190,000

11,800,000

500,000

 0

76,240,000

500,000

0

(80,000)

(80,000)

51,980,000

* Existing operating leases included in net PP&E as a result of ASU 2016-02 2,000,000

** Related liability: existing operating leases included in PP&E as a result of ASU 2016-02 1,800,000

Unsecured related party receivables exclude contributions receivable (promises-to-give / pledges) of $2,000,000

from trustees who are not compensated managers, owners, investors, or vendors with a significant business

*** relationship with the institution.

"Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule"
DRAFT

Appendix B: Ratio Methodology for Private Non-Profit Institutions

17

SECTION 3 PART 2: Calculating the Ratios (Statement of Financial Position, Statement of Activities, Expense Analysis, Financial Responsibility Supplemental Schedule) 

Primary Reserve Ratio = (Lines)

25-23A-23B-21-10- 

8+18+17 18,790,000 0.361

Expendable net assets / Total expenses 38 51,980,000

Equity Ratio = (lines) 20+24-10 26,490,000 0.350

Modified net assets / Modified assets 12 - 10 75,740,000

Net Income Ratio = (lines) 39 b (80,000) (.0015) 

Change in NA Without Donor Restrictions / Total

Revenue, Gains, Losses: NA W/O Donor Restriction 39 b + 38 51,900,000 

SECTION 4: Calculating the Composite Score

Step 1: Calculate the strength factor score for each ratio by using the following algorithms: 

Primary Reserve strength factor score = 10 x the primary reserve ratio result 

Equity strength factor score = 6 x the equity ratio result

Negative net income ratio result:

Positive net income ratio result: 

Zero result for net income ratio:

Net Income strength factor = 1 + (25 x net income ratio result) 

Net income strength factor = 1 + (50 x net income ratio result) 

Net income strength factor = 1 

Step 2: Calculate the weighted score for each ratio and calculate the composite score by adding the three weighted scores 

Primary Reserve weighted score = 40% x the primary reserve strength factor score

Equity weighted score = 40% x the equity strength factor score

Net Income weighted score = 20% x the net income strength factor score 

Composite Score = the sum of all weighted scores

Round the composite score to one digit after the decimal point to determine the final score

RATIO Computation Strength Factor Weight Factor Composite Scores

Primary Reserve Ratio 0.361 3.00 40% 1.20

Equity Ratio 0.350 2.10 40% 0.84

Net Income Ratio (0.0015) 0.9615 20% 0.19

2.23

TOTAL Composite Score - Rounded 2.2