# Forest Resources of the United States, 1997 Forest Resources of the United States, 1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF 

# AGRICULTURE 

# FOREST 

# SERVICE 

# W. B RAD 

# SMITH

# , J OHN 

# S. VISSAGE

# , DAVID 

# R. DARR

# , AND 

# RAYMOND 

# M. SHEFFIELD

# The Authors:

W. Brad Smithis a Research Forester with the Science, Policy, Information, and Inventory Staff, Washington Office, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC.
John L. Vissageis a Research Forester with the Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit, North Central Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, St. Paul, MN.

David R. Darris a Research Forester with the ResourceValuation and Use Staff. Washington Office, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC.
Raymond Sheffieldis a Research Forester with the Resource Analysis Unit, Southern Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Asheville, NC.

Published by: North Central Research Station Forest Service—U.S. Department of Agriculture 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, MN 55108 2001

Web site: www.ncrs.fed.us

# Forest Resources of the United States, 1997

W. Brad Smith, John S. Vissage, David R. Darr, and Raymond M. Sheffield

# ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Development of this report has been very much a team effort and we recognize here a long list of people who made significant contributions.
We greatly appreciate the help of the staffs of the Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Units at the Forest Service Research Stations and the Forest Management staffs in the regional offices of the National Forest System who compiled thebasic resource data for entry into the 1997 RPA National Inventory Database. The following people made significant contributions and were responsible for coordinating and submiting resource data: Carol Alerich, Gary Boyack, Gary Carroll, Dave Ellen, Jorge Negron, Bruce Hiserote, Tom Frieswyk, Joe Glover, Jeff Hogg, Charles Keegan, George Lightner, Dennis May, Mel Mehl, Doug Meyers, Pat Miles, Roy Mita, Bert Mead, Karl Stoneking, John Tepley, Ralph Warbington, Eric Wharton, Sue Willits, Ann Withers, and Sharon Woudenberg.
The work of several Forest Inventory and Analysis employees was also significant in the development of the 1997 RPA National Timber Output Database: Dennis May, Brian Johnston, Tony Johnson, George Keith, Art Walmsley, Andy Hartsell, Ted Ridley, Dawn Reynolds, and Anne Jenkins.
We acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of the following people in reviewing the resource data and associated text: Al Abee, Jim Allegria, Larry Biles, Richard Birdsey, Fred Cubbage, Mark Delfs, Mike Higgs, Peter Ince, Ralph Johnson, Doug MacCleery, Will McWilliams, Robin O’Malley, Bert Mead, Doug Powell, Kurt Riitters, Jim Rossen, Con Schallau, Tom Schmidt, John Sebelius, Lisa Stocker, Bill van Hees, and Sharon Woudenberg.
For the update of the RPA forest type group map, Zhuliang Zhu of the U.S. Geological Survey made significant contributions to project design, satellite data processing, and GIS support. Special thanks also go to John Hutchinson, Jack Whittman, and Loraine Utz of the U.S. Geological Survey, who were responsible for the cartographic layout, editing, and production of the final map. Several people in the Forest Service also assisted with reference data or provided technical comments: Rachel Riemann, Chuck Bolsinger, Karen Waddell, Pat Miles, Beth Collins, Tom Bobbe, and Raymond Czaplewski.

# CONTENTS

Page Highlights ..................................................................................................................... ............................1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... ...........................4 Changes in the Forest Resource since 1900 ...................................................................................... .....5 Forest Land Area............................................................................................................... .......................7 Historical Trends .............................................................................................................. ...........8 Current Status and Recent Changes ..........................................................................................8 Reserved and Protected Forest Land Area.................................................................................9 Unreserved Forest Land Area ...................................................................................................1 0 Forest Types and Eco-climatic Zones ............................................................................................ ........12 Eastern Forests ................................................................................................................ .........12 North .......................................................................................................................... ..12 South .......................................................................................................................... ..14 Western Forests ................................................................................................................ ........15 Rocky Mountain Region ...............................................................................................15 Pacific Coast Region (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) ...................................................17 Alaska ......................................................................................................................... .18 Hawaii ......................................................................................................................... .19 Forest Changes................................................................................................................. ........19 Reserved Status of Forest Types ..............................................................................................20 Forest Land Area by Rural-Urban Continuum Class ..............................................................................21 Area of Plantations and Natural Forests ........................................................................................ ........22 Timberland Area and Ownership.................................................................................................. ..........24 Trends in Timberland Area ...................................................................................................... ..24 Timberland Ownerships .......................................................................................................... ..24 National Forest .............................................................................................................24 Other Public .................................................................................................................25 Forest Industry .............................................................................................................25 Nonindustrial Private ....................................................................................................26 Stand Size-Class Distribution.................................................................................................. ...............27 Timber Volume .................................................................................................................. .....................28 Ownership ...................................................................................................................... ...........28 Species ........................................................................................................................ .............31 Diameter Distribution.......................................................................................................... .......32 Elements of Change in Timber Volume ............................................................................................ ......34 Mortality...................................................................................................................... ...............34 Net Growth ..................................................................................................................... ...........35 Removals of Timber Volume .....................................................................................................36 Timber Growth—Removal Balances ................................................................................................. .....38 Timber Products Output ......................................................................................................... ................39 Products From Growing Stock and Other Sources ...................................................................39 Logging Residues ............................................................................................................... ......40 Other Removals ................................................................................................................. .......40 References ..................................................................................................................... ........................41 Glossary ....................................................................................................................... ..........................43 Appendix A: Procedures for the Update .......................................................................................... .......49 Appendix B: Metric Equivalents for Various Units of Measure ...............................................................55 Appendix C: Common and Scientific Names of Major Tree Species .....................................................56 List of Tables ................................................................................................................. .........................57 Tables ......................................................................................................................... ............................60

# Highlights

Timber Inventories

• Growing-stock volume on U.S. timberland increased by 6.9 percent between 1987 and 1997. Since 1953, net volume per acre has increased by 37 percent. Average volume per acre rose by 100 percent between 1953 and 1997 in the North, 76 percent in the South, 27 percent in the Rocky Mountain region, and 2 percent in the Pacific Coast region.

• About 58 percent of the volume of growing stock is softwoods, and the remaining 42 percent is in hardwoods. However, 90 percent of the hardwood growing stock is in the Eastern United States. About 68 percent of the softwood growing stock is in the Western United States, 22 percent is in the South, and 10 percent is in the North.

• The net growing-stock volume of U.S. hardwoods increased by 12 percent between 1987 and 1997, and by 91 percent between 1953 and 1997.

• The volume of hardwood growing-stock volume in diameter classes 19 inches and greater increased from 25.8 billion cubic feet in 1953 to 57.3 billion cubic feet in 1997.

• The net volume of U.S. softwood growing-stock inventory increased by 12 percent between 1953 and 1997.

• For the first time since 1953, when a national, statistically based inventory first became available, declines were observed for softwood growing-stock 

# Forest Land Area

• Forest land area increased by 1 percent between 1987 and 1997. Since 1920, forest land area has been relatively stable, increasing and decreasing over the years within a relatively narrow range.

• About 33 percent of the U.S. land area, or 747 million acres, is forest land. This amounts to about 71 percent of the area that was forested in 1630 (1.05 billion acres).

• More than three-quarters of the conversion of forests to other uses occurred in the 19th century. By 1920, the net clearing of forests for agriculture had largely subsided.

• Thirty-three percent of all forest land is federally owned. This proportion of Federal to other forest land has remained relatively stable for at least the last 50 years.

• About 52 million acres of forest land (about 7 percent of all U.S. forest land) is reserved from commercial timber harvest in wilderness, parks, and other legally reserved classifications. Tens of millions of acres of additional publicly owned forest land is administratively withdrawn from timber harvest under existing management plans.



# Timberland Area

• About 504 million acres of forest land (67 percent of all forest land) is classed as timberland—forest land capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year and not legally withdrawn from timber utilization; 94 percent of forests in the East are classed as timberland, 80 percent of the Pacific Northwest subregion, about 50 percent of the Rocky Mountain region, and 10 percent of Alaska.

• About 54 million acres (11 percent of timberland in the United States) are of planted origin. Two-thirds (36 million acres) of all planted timberland is in the South. Interior Highlands mixed hardwoods stand, Arkansas. Photo: Melissa Carlson.

## amounted to 1.9 percent oftotal growing-stock inventory.

• In 1996, about 63 percent of the volume of timber removals was softwoods and 37 percent was hardwoods, compared with 69 and 31 percent, respectively, in 1986. This reflects a trend toward rising hardwood removals in response to new product technologies using hardwoods as well as increases in traditional markets for hardwoods.

• The South accounted for 64 percent of growingstock removals in 1996, up from 51 percent in 1986 and 47 percent in 1977.

• The predominant use of wood continues to be for lumber. Saw logs accounted for 43 percent of wood volume harvested in 1996, veneer logs—8 percent, and pulpwood—31 percent. The remaining 18 percent was used for fuelwood and other products.

• On a tonnage basis, wood products constitute about 45 percent of U.S. consumption of all materials,including plastics, concrete, steel, copper, aluminum, and other metals.



# Ownership and Removals

• Seventy-one percent of timberland is privately owned and these lands accounted for 89 percent ofgrowing-stock removals in 1996. This is a substantial increase from 1987 when private lands provided 80 percent of growing-stock removals. inventory on nonindustrial private lands and hardwood inventory on forest industry lands in the South. This may be in part due to declines in industry land in the South.

• For the South as a whole, the volume of standing softwood growing-stock inventory declined by 0.7 percent between 1987 and 1997—the first such decline since at least 1953.



# Mortality

• Annual growing-stock mortality amounted to 0.6 percent of growing-stock inventory in 1986 and 0.8 percent in 1996 compared with 0.6 percent in 1952.

• Annual growing-stock mortality as a percent of growing-stock inventory increased between 1986 and 1996 for each ownership class and region.

• For both softwoods and hardwoods, and for each owner group, the mortality rate ranged between 0.64 and 0.89 percent in 1996.



# Growth and Removals

• Net annual growing-stock growth exceeded removals by 54 percent in 1976, 41 percent in 1986, and 47 percent in 1996.

• In 1996, net annual growth exceeded removals in all regions of the country: by 95 percent in the North, 5 percent in the South, 357 percent in the Rocky Mountains, and 97 percent in the Pacific Coast region. For the United States, hardwood growthexceeded removals by 70 percent, and for softwoods, by 33 percent.

• In the South, softwood removals exceeded net annual growing-stock growth by 10 percent in 1996.



# Removals

• In 1996, growing-stock removals were 16 billion cubic feet, 0.4 percent higher than in 1986 and 35 percent higher than in 1953. Removals in 1996

2 Timber harvest operation. Photo: USDA-Forest Service.

## • Nonindustrial private ownerships made up 58 percent (291 million acres) of U.S. timberland andaccounted for 59 percent of the volume of growingstock removals in 1996. About 72 percent of the hardwood resource is on nonindustrial private ownerships, which account for 73 percent of the volume of hardwood removals. Timber removals on nonindustrial private forest lands increased by about 17 percent between 1986 and 1996, partly in response to reduced harvest on public lands.

• Industrial forests accounted for 13 percent of U.S. timberland (67 million acres) and 30 percent of the volume harvested in 1996. Although forest industry ownerships contain only 14 percent of the volume of softwood timber, in 1996 they accounted for 36 percent of the volume of softwood removals from growing-stock. Timber removals on industrial forests declined by 6 percent between 1986 and 1996, after steady increases in each decade since 1952.

• Public forests made up 29 percent of the U.S. timberland base and accounted for 11 percent of U.S. removals volume in 1996. Three-quarters of all public timberland area is federally owned.

• Federal forests make up 22 percent (109 million acres) of U.S. timberland. National forests are the largest Federal ownership, making up 19 percent of U.S. timberland and accounting for 5 percent of timber removals in 1996. Timber removals on national forests declined by 62 percent between 1986 and 1996, after rising by 63 percent between 1952 and 1963 and then remaining relatively stable until 1986.

3 Blandin Paper Company, Grand Rapids, Minnesota. Photo: USDA-Forest Service.

# Introduction

As required by the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA), P.L. 93-378, 88 Stat.4765, as amended, this report provides an update of information on the Nation’s forest resources. 1 

## Data are presented in various ways for forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output. This report updates forest resource statistics published by Waddell et al. (1989) and analyzed by Oswald (1990). An interim update was also provided for 1992 (Powell et al

. 1994). Regions and subregions used in updating forest statistics and in analyzing the resource are shown in figure 1. A forest type map2 

## produced from satellite imagery is provided in the pocket at the back of this publication to display the spatial extent and location of forest land in the United States.

2 This map updates the one prepared for the 1992 interim update of forest

resources for the United States (Powell et al. 1994). Further information about the mapping process can be found in Zhu and Evans (1992). 1 For information on procedures used, see appendix A.



### Figure 1 — Forest resource reporting regions and subregions of the United States.



## 4

# Changes in the Forest Resource Since 1900

Peoples’ attitudes towards U.S. forests have changed over the years and have been influenced by human demands; scientific knowledge; and the changing nature and extent of the forest resource and its capacity to respond to evolving uses, services, and outputs. This synopsis of the evolution of U.S. forest policies and the U.S. forest resource since 1900 is intended to provide perspective on how the current forest came to be the way it is. The synopsis draws heavily on material in MacCleery (1992).
Long before European settlement in this country, Native Americans used and managed the forest to serve their own needs. European Americans, when they arrived, viewed forests as an encumbrance to agriculture or as a virtually inexhaustible resource to be mined. They first used the forest—its wildlife, wood products, and land—to meet their subsistence needs for food and energy, much as Native Americans had done. However, the abundant wealth of the forests was later harvested to build the homes, cities, and industrial infrastructure of a growing nation. In addition, the lands previously occupied by forests were used to feed a rapidly growing population.
Scarcely more than a century ago, peoples’ attitudes toward the forest began a shift to viewing forests and wildlife, not as products to be mined or hunted, but as resources that could be managed over the long term on a scientific basis for both products and environmental services. This view was reinforced by people of the time including Bernhard Fernow, a German forester, and Theodore Roosevelt, who as President in 1901, was in a position to have a profound effect on the conservation history of the Nation. Other people built upon the actions of these leaders, and by the 1930s, a forest policy framework had emerged that emphasized protection of forests from wildfire and their management under scientific principles. Specific actions focused on:

• Suppressing and preventing fires and educating the public to protect the forest;

• Establishing and enhancing the profession of forestry, and later of other natural resource disciplines, through establishment of accredited natural resource schools, professional societies, etc.;

• Improving the art and science of forest culture and management, through research at Federal and State experiment stations and universities, and establishment of tree nurseries;

• Improving the efficiency with which wood products are utilized in the woods, at the mill, and in end-product applications;

• Improving the quality of forest management on private lands by improving economic incentives and removing tax and other disincentives, and providing technical and financial assistance to forest landowners;

• Establishing and expanding the national forests for watershed protection, irrigation, and sustained timber production; a key element of the public policy framework was strong cooperation among Federal, State, and private sector interests to achieve common goals (Steen 1976).
Several technological and non-policy changes after 1900 substantially affected the demand for wood and the clearing of land for agriculture. These included:

• Substitution of fossil fuels for wood fuels,

• Substitution of metal and concrete for wood in structural applications,

• Substitution of chemicals derived from fossil fuels for those derived from animals and vegetation, and

• Replacement of draft animals by internal combustion engines.
These changes reduced the demand for wood, as well as increased agricultural productivity per acre, which reduced the need to clear forests for agriculture.

5

## It is a measure of both the inherent resilience of U.S. forests, and of the policies that were put in place in response to public concerns in the early decades of this century, that forest conditions over much of the United States have improved since 1900. The following are highlights in the evolution of the U.S. forest resource since then:

• By the 1920s, the area of U.S. forests had stopped declining for the first time in over 400 years. This was due largely to a stabilization in cropland acreage resulting from two major factors: 1) replacement of draft animals by internal combustion engines (in 1900, feeding draft animals was taking about one-third of the U.S. farmland base); and 2) increasing farm productivity after 1930 due to the development of hybrid crops, fertilization, and other practices resulting from agricultural research (Frederick and Sedjo 1991).

• Forest fire protection improved and eventually reduced destructive wildfire by over 90 percent — from 20 to 50 million acres per year to 2 to 5 million acres (Frederick and Sedjo 1991). This allowed millions of acres of forest to regenerate naturally and set the stage for improving forest conditions as well as for increasing investments and tree planting on both private and public lands (Williams 1989).

• The 50 to 80 million acres of “cutovers” or “stumplands” that existed in 1900, due largely to repeated wildfires after harvest, have long since been reforested (Williams 1989). Today, many of these areas contain commercially mature forests. Others have been harvested a second time and regenerated to young forests. Some areas have had three or more harvests.

• In 1900, the growth of U.S. forests was a fraction of harvest. Today, net annual forest growth exceeds harvest by 47 percent. Because of this favorable growth/harvest situation, which has existed since about the 1940s (Frederick and Sedjo 1991), biomass in U.S. forests today is 37 percent greater on a per acre basis than it was in 1953. In the Eastern United States, biomass per acre has almost doubled since 1953. Today, annual forest growth is estimated to be more than 3 1/2 times what it was in 1920 (Fedkiw 1989).

• Improving wood utilization technology, combined with increasing real prices for wood, has substantially improved efficiency with which wood is used. Much less material is being left in the woods, and many sawmills produce twice as much usable lumber and other products per log input as they did in 1900. Engineering standards and designs have reduced the volume of wood used per square foot of building space, and preservative treatments have substantially extended the service life of wood. All of these have reduced, by millions of acres, the area of annual harvest that otherwise would have occurred (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service 1982).

• Tree planting on all forest ownerships has increased dramatically since World War II and was at record levels throughout the 1980s. Many private forest lands are now actively managed for tree growing (Frederick and Sedjo 1991).

6Timberland 67% Reserved forest 7% Other forest 26%

NONFOREST 67% FOREST 33% 

## As shown in the forest type map (in the pocket at the back of this publication), forest land in the United States is widely, yet unevenly, distributed. These areas vary tremendously, from sparse scrub forests of the arid interior West to the highly productive forests of the Pacific Coast and the South, and from pure hardwood forests to multispecies mixtures, and coniferous forest. Land east of the Great Plains that is not in agriculture or other developed uses is usually in various phases of forest cover. The high elevation areas of the West that receive ample precipitation and the humid portions of the Pacific Coast are also forested. North Dakota currently has the lowest percentage of forest cover (1 percent), and Maine has the highest (90 percent) (figure 2).
About two-thirds (504 million acres) of the Nation’s forests are classed as timberland—forests capable of producing 20 cubic feet per acre of industrial wood annually and not legally reserved from timber harvest (table 1 and figure 3). An additional 52 million acres of forest, reserved for nontimber uses, is managed by public agencies as parks or wilderness
areas. There are also 191 million acres of other forest lands not capable of producing 20 cubic feet per acre of industrial woodannually, but of major importance for watershed protection, wildlife habitat, domestic livestock grazing, recreation, biodiversity maintenance, and other uses. Almost all of the other forests are in the South and West, over half in Alaska. Fuelwood is a primary wood use in many of these slow growing or sparsely forested areas such as the oak woodlands of California and the pinyon and juniper forests of the Southwest.

Most of the Nation’s forest land is in nonfederal ownership. In 1997, 500 million acres, 67 percent of the total, were owned by nonfederal public agencies, 

# Forest Land Area

Figure 2 — Percent of land area in forest by State. 

## forest industry, and other private individuals (table 2). About 78 percent of U.S. public forest land is in Federal ownership. The Forest Service administers the largest segment of Federal forest land—147 million acres or 59 percent of thetotal Federal forest land. Other Federal agencies administering forest land include the Bureau of Land Management, the National Park Service, the Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Department of Defense. In total, 33 percent of all forest land is federally owned. This proportion of Federal to other forest ownerships has remained relatively stable for at least the last 50 years.

Figure 3 — Land and forest area distribution in the United States.



## 7

### - 50 100 150 200 North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

Million acres Private Public

-50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400163016501670169017101730175017701790181018301850187018901907193819631987Million acres



### Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast North South1997 

## In the East, private ownership of forest land predominates in both the North and South. In the Rocky Mountain region, 73 percent is publicly owned; in the Pacific Coast region, 66 percent is in public ownership (figure 4).



# Historical Trends
When the first European immigrants arrived around 1630, the total area of forest land was an estimated 1,045 million acres (Kellogg 1909, Clawson 1979). This represented about 46 percent of the total land area. The area of forest land declined steadily as settlement proceeded. Most of the postsettlement loss of forest land was in the Eastern U.S., comprised of the North and South regions (figure 5). In the North, forests occupied an estimated 72 percent of the land in 1630 (Kellogg 1909) (table 3). By 1907, forests covered only 34 percent of the land in the region, a proportion that rebounded to 41 percent by 1997. Likewise, significant reductions in forest area occurred in the South before the 20th century, with the forested proportion dropping from 66 percent in 1630 to 44 percent by 1907. Forested area fluctuated during the last century in the South as land cycled between agricultural, forest, and other uses. By 1997, forests covered 40 percent of the land in the South. In contrast to the Eastern U.S., forest land in the Western U.S. has been more stable. The forested portion of the Rocky Mountain region dropped from an estimated 21 percent of the landscape in 1630 to 19 percent in 1997. Similar trends are evident for the Pacific Coast, where the portion of land in forest dropped from 42 percent in 1630 to 38 percent in 1997.



# Current Status and Recent Changes
Today’s forest land area amounts to about 71 percent of the area that was forested in 1630. About 300 million acres of forest land have been converted to other uses since 1630—mainly to agricultural uses. More than 75 percent of the net conversion to other uses occurred in the 19th century. Between 1850 and 1910, American farmers cleared more forest than the total amount cleared in the previous 250 years of settlement—about 190 million acres (Fedkiw 1989).
Even though the total area of forest land has been relatively stable since the early 1900s, Figure 5 — Forest area of the United States by major region, 1630-1997. Figure 4 — Distribution of forest land by major region and ownership group.



## 8

## stability does not mean that there has been no change in the forest. Shifts continue from agriculture to forests and vice versa, although not at historic rates. Some forest lands have been converted to more intensive uses, such as urban. In areas where forest land area has remained stable, forests have changed in composition, structure, and health as they respond to human manipulation as well as the natural processes of regeneration, succession, and mortality.
Forest land across the Nation has increased by 1 percent since 1987, a trend in contrast to reductions that occurred between 1963 and 1987. Forest area increased in most regions and subregions of the country in the past decade (figure 5). In the North, forest area increased by nearly 3 percent in spite of the demands of an increasing population for living space and associated amenities. Most of the net increase in forest occurred in the North Central subregion where the major source of new forest land was former pasture and other agricultural lands that have reverted to forest. In the South, forest land has increased by 1 percent since 1987, as agricultural land naturally restocked with trees or was planted under various Federal- and State-sponsored incentive programs that encourage tree planting. As in the North, these additional forest acres have exceeded the area of forest diverted to other uses. Most of the net increase in forest acreage in the South since 1987 occurred in the South Central subregion. Increases in forest area since 1987 were also noted in the Rocky Mountain region where forest acreage rose by nearly 3 percent.
Forested acreage in the Pacific Coast region (which includes Alaska) declined by 1 percent between 1987 and 1997. An increase in forested area in the Pacific Northwest was offset by small declines in the Pacific Southwest and Alaska subregions.



# Reserved and Protected Forest Land Area
There is worldwide interest in protecting sufficient representative ecosystems to maintain a pool of biodiversity for future generations. There are various ways of classifying the degree of protection given to an area. The classification scheme used by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) includes the following categories: I. Strict nature reserve/wilderness area, II. National Park, III. National monument, IV. Habitat/species management area, V. Protected landscape/seascape, and VI. Managed resource protection area. 3


## The IUCN classification scheme is based on the concept of protection by legal statute and thus does not apply well to private lands and some public lands in the United States. Individual landowners or organizations may have no intention to harvest timber, but subsequent owners may choose to harvest timber or otherwise develop the land. In 1997, some 52 million acres of forest land were classed as reserved and include Federal and State wilderness areas and State and national parks (table 4 and figure 6). This estimate does not include tens of millions of acres of public lands that

3 Category I is defined as an area of land and/or sea possessing some

outstanding or representative ecosystems, geological or physiological features and/or species, available primarily for scientific research and or environmental monitoring or a large area of unmodified or slightly modified land, and/or sea, retaining its natural character and influence, without permanent or significant habitation, which is protected and managed so as to preserve its natural condition. Category II land is a natural area of land and/or sea, designated to (a) protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems for present and future generations; (b) exclude exploitation or occupation inimical to the purposes of designation of the area; and (c) provide a foundation for spiritual, educational,recreational, and visitor opportunities, all of which must be environmentally and culturally comparable. Category III land is an area containing one, or more, specific natural or natural/cultural features of outstanding or unique value because of their inherent rarity, representative or aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. Category IV is an area of land and/or sea subject to active intervention for management purposes to ensure the maintenance of habitats and/or to meet the requirements of specific species. Category V is an area of land with coast and sea as appropriate, where the interaction of people and nature over time has produced an area of distinct character with significant aesthetic, ecological, and/or cultural value, and often with high biological diversity. Safeguarding the integrity of this traditional interaction is vital to the protection, maintenance, and evolution of such an area. Category VI is an area containing predominantly unmodified natural systems, managed to ensure long-term protection and maintenance of biological diversity, while providing, a sustainable flow of natural products and services to meet community needs. 

## 9 Spotted owl in southern California. Photo: PSW Fresno.

### North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast

- 10 20 30 40 50 60

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997 YearMillion acres 

## Productivity of forest land is defined here as the amount ofwood per acre that can potentially be produced in fully stocked natural stands. The natural growth potential hasbeen used because such measures are available for most regions of the United States, and they provide a uniform means of describing productivity of forest land for timber production in the country. Chief among the factors that influence productivity are soil, climate, and topography.
In the West, the largest areas in the high productivity class are in the coastal Douglas-fir and hemlock-Sitka spruce types. Inthe East, the highly productive sites are found in the loblollyshortleaf pine and oak-gum-cypress ecosystems of the lower Mississippi drainage and the Atlantic coastal plain.
Most of the Nation’s high productivity forest lands (lands capable of producing more than 120 cubic feet per acre per year) are located west of the Cascade Mountains in the Pacific Northwest subregion of the Pacific Coast region and in the South Central subregion of the South region (figures 7 and 8). These two subregions have 21 and 32 million acres, respectively, of high productivity lands (table 4). Figure 6 — Trends in reserved forest land by major region, 1953-1997.


## are managed for biodiversity and other nontimber uses under existing land management plans. Nor does it include large acreages of private lands that are held by nongovernmental organizations such as The Nature Conservancy, other private conservation trusts, or lands protected by conservation easements under various State and local authorities. The legally reserved forest land area in 1997 amounted to 7 percent of the total forest land area and was over double the area classed as reserved in 1953. The remaining public forest land (264 million acres) is classed in categories III-VI. It is in national monuments or other custodially managed areas, or it is in areas managed for the sustainable use of natural ecosystems. There are currently tens of millions of acres on Federal lands classed in Category VI that may never be available for commercial harvest on roadless public lands orother administrative designations that may preclude harvesting. They are protected by administrative action rather than legal statute.



# Unreserved Forest Land Area
Forest inventories have traditionally focused on forestspotentially available for harvesting because of their commercial value and legislative mandate to provide information on current and perspective timber supplies to meet the Nation’s needs. As demand for more ecologically based inventories increased, resource inventory objectives changed. As new inventories are initiated, all forest land will be monitored and a complete inventory will be available within 10 years. The following discussion of productivity and forest type groups is limited to the 695 million acres of unreserved forest land, which includes timberland and other forest land. Olympic National forest old growth forest, Washington State. Photo: Tom Iraci. 

## 10- 5 10 15 20 25 30

South Central Pacific NorthwestMillion acres20 to 49 cubic feet 50 to 84 cubic feet 85 to 119 cubic feet 120 + cubic feet



## In the West, 72 percent of the redwood forest type is highly productive (table 5). However, the largest areas in the 120+cubic feet class are in the eastern oak-hickory and loblollyshortleaf pine type groups and in the western coastal Douglas-fir types (tables 5 and 6).
Most of the other forest, less productive for timber production, is located in the West—in high elevation, or northernlatitude (i.e., Alaska) fir-spruce stands, or in the dry, opengrown pinyon-juniper lands of the interior West. These forest lands, often called woodlands, are of major importance for watershed protection, wildlife habitat, domestic stock grazing, and other uses. Although these forest lands produce Figure 7 — Distribution of timberland by region and productivity class.

Figure 8 — Distribution of timberland in the Pacific Northwest and South Central subregions by productivity class. 

## little industrial roundwood, they do produce other wood and tree products that are often important for local use. Fuelwood is a primary commercial use in many areas having woodlands, such as the oak woodlands ofCalifornia and the pinyonjuniper areas of the Southwest. While Alaska has the greatest area of low productivity lands interms of timber, the Intermountain subregion also has largeareas that are relatively unproductive for timber. Forty-three percent of the unreserved forest land in the Intermountain region has the potential to produce no more than 20 cubic feet per acre per year, and 73 percent of it can produce no more than 50 cubic feet.

A Bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva ) (affectionaely named “Methuselah”) represents the worlds oldest living tree (4,767 years old), or as sometimes stated “the earths oldest living inhabitant.” Photo: Connie Millar. 

## 11 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific CoastMillion acres20 to 49 cubic feet 50 to 84 cubic feet 85 to 119 cubic feet 120 + cubic feet

## Forests in the United States have developed in response to multiple influences including climate, physiography,geology, soils, water, and human intervention. Subcontinental divisions of broad climatic similarity that are affected by latitude and global atmospheric conditionsare called Domains. Four Domains or major ecoclimatic zones found in the United States (Bailey 1995) are Polar, Temperate, Subtropical, and Tropical. Further subdivisions of these zones may be made based upon the influence of precipitation: humid, semi-arid, and arid. Other physiographic characteristics that may further define these subzones and their vegetation includewhether an area is continental versus oceanic or montane versus lowland.
The following discussion frames the 1997 resource data in the context of Bailey’s work and describes the forest cover types (Eyre 1980) of the conterminous United States both by geographic region and major climate/ precipitation zones. Alaska and Hawaii are discussed separately.



# Eastern Forests

North
The northern region is predominantly in a temperate humid climatic zone. The climate of the temperate humid zone is significantly influenced by both tropical and polar air masses. The midlatitudes contain a belt subject to cyclonic winds; much of the precipitation in this belt comes from the lifting of moist air along fronts within those cyclones. Strong climatic seasons are characteristic of this zone—seasons in which temperatures as well as precipitation show strong annual cycles. Forests of this zone are comprised ofboth broadleaf deciduous and needleleaf evergreen trees. Softwood and mixed softwood and hardwood forests extend along the entire length of the northern parts of this zone where summers are cool and winters cold. In the middle and southern reaches of this zone, forests are dominated by tall hardwood speciesthat provide a continuous dense canopy in summer but shed their leaves completely in the winter. Here winters are cool and summers hot.
The northernmost forests of the temperate humid zone (figure 9) are heavily forested with second- and third-growth forests. The area is dominated by northern oak-hickory andmaple-beech-birch forests on the uplands and by elm-ashcottonwood forests in the bottomlands. The southernmostreaches of these forests run down the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. Red maple is a common early to midsuccessional transition species to the north giving way to yellow-poplar in the southern portion of this zone.
Introduced pathogens have forever changed the diversity ofnorthern forests. For example, chestnut blight nearly eliminated American chestnut and Dutch elm disease severely diminished American elm populations. Before the accidental introduction of Dutch elm disease, American elm was the most planted urban street tree in the U.S. More recentintroductions, such as beech bark disease, are also substantially influencing the composition of North American forests.
Common mammals in the northern temperate forest include white-tailed deer, black bear, porcupine, raccoon, and squirrel. Although agriculture was attempted throughout this region, many of the lands were not well suited and reverted to forest after abandonment. Large portions of the current national forests in this region were carved from lands that were unsuitable for agriculture. 

# Forest Types and Eco-climatic Zones

12Northern softwood forest bordered by a lake in Wisconsin. Photo: USDA-Forest Service. Black bear in the northerntemperate forest. Photo: USDAForest Service.Spruce-fir 10% White-red-jack pine 6%

Oak-hickory 32%

Elm-ashcottonwood 6% Maple-beech-birch 31% Aspen-birch 10% Other types 5% Subtropical Humid 1%Temperate Semiarid 4%

Temperate Humid 95%



### Figure 9 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the North. 

## Spruce-fir forests are found along the northeastern border of the United States from Minnesota to Maine and account for 56 percent of the northern softwood forests. The spruce-fir forests of the Northeast are an important source of pulpwood in that subregion. Recent budworm outbreaks and natural successional change of remote spruce-fir forests have caused spruce-fir acreage to decline in the North by 7.5 percent since 1987 and by 24 percent since 1953.
White-red-jack pine forests total 12 million acres and are scattered throughout the northern reaches of the northern forest associated with the cooler summers. The current acreage is only a shadow of the vast pineries that existed until the late 19th century. The replacement forests in areas not converted to permanent farmlands are mostly hardwood species. The species composition of the white-red-jack pine forest type varies; white pine predominates in the Northeast, while red and jack pines are the common pines of the North Central subregion. Most of the planted softwood stands in the North are red and white pines.
Aspen-birch is a pioneer ecosystem generally owing its origins to major disturbances. Historically this disturbance was fire or agriculture, but in recent decades clearcut harvesting has been the dominant method of disturbance

13 

# Ecozones Forest cover Ecozones by RPA Regions

## promoting regeneration. Most of the 18million acres of aspenbirch forests are in theNorth Central subregion (77 percent). These forests support a variety of northern wildlife species such as white-tailed deer and ruffed grouse. Aspen forests are major sources of fiber for the pulpwood and oriented strand board industries in the North. Fire suppression and natural succession have reduced the area of aspen by 33 percent since 1953.
Maple-beech-birch forests are the major forest type in the North. As the northern forest continues to age, acreage in this type has more than doubled since 1953. These forests are currently found on 54 million acres in the North. They make up 31 percent of all northern forests and contain a number of valuable hardwood species for wood products, including sugar maple and the birches. This forest type is also famed for fall color.
Oak-hickory is the dominant forest cover in the central and southern portions of the North. It occurs in expansive areas in portions of Indiana, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Also, small forest patches of this type occur in farm woodlots throughout the region. While agriculture is a dominant land use in areas where oak-hickory is present, only the very marginal farmlands have been abandoned to revert to forest. Yellow-poplar is a common transition species that precedes the dominance of oak-hickory in forest stands in this region. Oak-hickory stands in the North tend to be very diverse and heavily influenced by species other than oaks and hickories with ash, basswood, and sugar maple prevalent. With time, oak-hickory transitions to maple-beech on the milder northern and eastern exposures. At the western edges of this region where general climate transitions to semi-arid, bur oak, hackberry, and cottonwood are major components of this type where it is generally found in moist riparian areas. Elm-ash-cottonwood forests are dominant bottomland forests of the North found mostly along moist river and stream bottoms. They account for 11 million acres in the North, which are often wetland areas common in this region. Dutch elm disease has had a major impact on this type, seriously reducing the elm component. Species such as red maple, green ash, and cottonwood to the west have rapidly filled inbehind elms in these forests. White ash, the most commercially valuable species in this type, is used for a number of specialty wood products such as baseball bats and tool handles.

South
The southern region is predominantly in a subtropical humidclimatic zone (figure 10) except for an area of the temperatehumid zone that covers most of Kentucky and Tennessee and a small area of the tropical humid zone in southern Florida. The subtropical humid zone in general is characterized by the absence of very cold winters. High humidity, especially in summer, prevails throughout the southern Atlantic and Gulf Coast States of the United States. Forest is the natural vegetation of large areas here with much of the sandy coastal region of the Southeastern United States covered by a second-growth forest. Large areas of pine in plantation and natural stands occur throughout the coastal plain and piedmont regions, along with southern oak-hickory onupland hardwood sites and oak-gum-cypress in the bottomlands. Oak-pine mixtures are common at the northern andwestern fringes of the southern forest. Agriculture is prominent in the coastal plain and in the bottomlands along the rivers where the productivity of rich bottomland soils have historically led to considerable forest clearing.
The forests of the South account for 30 percent of the unreserved forest area of the United States and 29 percent of all forest land.
Loblolly-shortleaf pine forests are among the most prevalent in the South covering 50 million acres or nearly one-fourth of all southern forests. These forests can consist of pure loblolly or shortleaf pine as well as mixtures intermingled with other southern pine species. Loblolly pine is most common in the piedmont and coastal plain areas; shortleaf pine has a wider distribution and ranges further into theinterior South and lower portions of the North. Loblollyshortleaf pine forests account for over one-half of the 95 million acres of softwood forests in the Eastern United States. Maple-Beech-birch forest in Green Mountain National Forest, Vermont. Photo: Jill Bauermeister



## 14Subtropical Semi-arid

26% Subtropical Arid 1% Temperate Humid

3%

Subtropical Humid 70% 

### Longleaf-slash pine 6% Other types 6% Oak-gum-cypress 14%

Oak-hickory 37% Oak-pine 14% Loblolly-shortleaf pine 23%



## Longleaf-slash pine forests, whose 13 million acres account for 21 percent of the southern pine acreage, are found in States bordering the south Atlantic and gulf coasts, but most of the area in this type is concentrated in Florida and Georgia (see map in back pocket). These forests continue to decline and now cover half the acreage that they had in 1953. Major factors in this change have been loss of fire (through suppression), which favored slash pine, and conversion of longleaf/slash sites to faster growing loblolly pine. Oak-pine forests cover 30 million acres in the South, which has nearly all of this forest type. These forests frequently originated from cutover natural pine sites with poor pine regeneration. The acreage classed in the oak-pine type was declining before 1987, but the area has been relatively stable since then. These forests generally occupy drier upland sites.
The oak-gum-cypress forests total 29 million acres in the South. Although much of this forest type has been lost through conversion of bottomlands to agriculture, it appears that the acreage has stabilized in recent years.


# Western Forests
Rocky Mountain Region
The Rocky Mountain region predominantly spans the temperate and subtropical arid and semi-arid climatic zones (figure 11). This region stretches from prairies in the east to extensive mountains and plateaus or steppes separated by wide valleys in the west to dry deserts in the southwest. Soils range from shallow and poor on the mountains and slopes to rich and suitable for agriculture or grasslands in the valleys of the northern areas to desert arid soils in the southwest. Forests of the region cover about 19 percent of the land area and are diverse and variable depending on elevation and moisture availability. At higher elevations, subalpine fir, lodgepole pine, and Engelmann spruce are found. At the middle elevations and slopes, interior ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, western redcedar, western hemlock, and aspen can be found. While spruce dominates the lower plateaus to the north, shrub vegetation is more common in the drier south. In the eastern prairie areas, trees and shrubs are scarce, but a few may grow as woodland Figure 10 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the South.

Longleaf pine and turkey oak, Croatan National Forest, New Bern, North Carolina. Photo: Bill Lea.



## 15 

# Ecozones Forest cover

Southern oak-hickory forests are among the South’s most extensive and diverse forests. This type, at 78 million acres, makes up 36 percent of all southern forests. These forests are generally found in upland areas of the interior South; coves and moist flats have the best stands. Typical associates include gum, maple, and yellow-poplar. In the far western fringes of the region in Texas and Oklahoma, post oak forests
are common.

## patches in low moist areas and along streams. In the southwest deserts, vegetation is generally xerophytic plants (plants that can survive in areas with very little moisture) widely dispersed and providing almost negligible ground cover. Commercial forestry is more common in the north, and agricultural activities such as orchards, vineyards, and grazing are more common in the south.
The higher elevations of this region contain forests of interior Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, and aspen. The steppe elevations are dominated by sagebrush and juniper while low desert areas contain a variety of cacti and shrubs. The northern prairie wetlands are key habitat for migratory waterfowl. Other animals of this region include bison, elk, mule deer, and coyote. Urbanization has impacted this area significantly and many valleys are becoming densely populated. The forests of the Rocky Mountain region account for 18 percent of the unreserved forest area of the United States and 19 percent of all forest land.
Interior ponderosa pine forests are found to some extent throughout the Rocky Mountain region (figure 11). Most ponderosa pine is found in Arizona, New Mexico, Idaho, Montana, Colorado, Wyoming, and the Black Hills of South Dakota. Generally it is the first type encountered above thevalley floors of the region. Common associates are Douglasfir and larch.
Douglas-fir forests generally occur at elevations directly above the ponderosa pine. Predominant areas of Douglas-fir in the interior West are in Idaho and Montana where threefourths of the region’s volume is found. Figure 11 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the Rocky Mountain region.

Custer National Forest, Montana. Photo: Rocky Mountain Research Station 

## 16 Western hardwoods 10% Pinyon-juniper 33% Other types 6% Douglas-fir 15%

Fir-spruce

14%

Lodgepole pine 10% Ponderosa pine 12%



# Forest cover Ecozones Temperate Arid 25% Temperate Semi-arid

50% Subtropical Arid 10%
Subtropical Semi-arid

15%Douglas-fir 22% Other types 15%

Western hardwoods

17%

Hemlock-Sitka spruce

8% Fir-spruce 11% Ponderosa pine 17% Pinyon-juniper &

chaparral

10% Subtropical Arid 10%

Temperate Semi- arid 3% Temperate Oceanic

38%

Subtropical Summer Dry 38%

Temperate Arid 11% 

## Lodgepole pine forests are typically found in pure stands and are often very dense. Three-fourths of the total volume of lodgepole pine is located in Idaho, Montana, Colorado, and Wyoming. In natural fire regimes, lodgepole is generally replaced by other softwoods such as Douglas-fir, grand fir, or subalpine fir.
Fir-spruce forests of the Rocky Mountain region are comprised primarily of grand fir, subalpine fir, and Engelmann spruce. In the northern areas, larch, western redcedar, and western white pine species are intermingled.
Pinyon-juniper forests and woodlands are found predominantly in the dry plateaus and broken tablelands of Arizona,New Mexico, western Colorado, Utah, and Nevada. Ninetytwo percent of all of the pinyon-juniper type is found in the Rocky Mountain region. Species composition varies from pure pinyon pine to pinyon-juniper.
Most of the other softwood forests of the Rocky Mountain region are confined to Idaho and Montana and include western white pine, hemlock-Sitka spruce, western redcedar, and larch forest types. Combined, these types make up only 2 percent of all the forest of the region.
Hardwood forests cover 17 million acres in the Rocky Mountain region or about 12 percent of all forest land. Generally found in small patches or groups and along streams, quaking aspen and cottonwood are prominent hardwood species to the west. On the eastern prairie,hardwood forests are predominantly elm-ash or cottonwoodwillow stringers along rivers and streams. Scattered bur oak and hackberry may be found on the upland sites as well as hickories in eastern Kansas.

Pacific Coast Region (excluding Alaska and Hawaii)

The climate zones of the Pacific Coast region are a mix of temperate oceanic in coastal Oregon and Washington (figure 12), Mediterranean in western California, and temperate and subtropical arid and semi-arid in the eastern portions of the region. The temperate oceanic climatic zone is situated on the Pacific coast and comprises roughly the western half of Oregon and Washington. This coastal zone receives abundant rainfall from maritime polar air masses and has a rather narrow range of temperature because it fronts on the ocean. Natural vegetation of the marine west coast climate of North America is needleleaf forest. In the coast ranges of the Pacific Northwest, Douglas-fir, redcedar, and spruce grow in magnificent forests. The high snowcapped mountains have awell-marked subalpine belt. Important trees here are mountain hemlock, subalpine fir, whitebark pine, and Alaskacedar. The alpine zone has a rich flora of shrubs and herbs.
North Pacific coast forests are dominated by mountainous topography bordered by coastal plains along the ocean. Altitude is critical to forest composition ranging from mild, humid coastal rain forests to cool boreal forests at higher elevations. Coastal forests include western redcedar, western hemlock, Douglas-fir, Sitka spruce, redwood, and red alder. Higher elevations have mountain hemlock and fir. Highly productive forests are conducive to forest industry, and agriculture is important in the highly productive lowland
areas.

The forests of the three conterminous Pacific Coast States account for 11 percent of the unreserved forest area of the United States and 12 percent of all forest land.

The Mediterranean climate zone is situated on the Pacific coast between latitudes 30 and 45o 

## N. Subject to alternate wet and dry seasons, it is in the transition zone between the dry west coast desert and the wet west coast. The occurrence

Figure 12 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of the Pacific Coast region (excluding Alaska and Hawaii).


## 17 

# Ecozones Forest cover

## of a wet winter followed by a dry summer is unique among climate types and produces a distinctive natural vegetation of hardleaved evergreen trees and shrubs called sclerophyll forest. Various forms of sclerophyll woodland and scrub are also typical.
Forests of the Pacific Southwest are characterized by evergreen shrubs, chaparral, patchy oak woodlands, and pine forests on the upper slopes. Urbanization has impacted this area significantly, and many valleys are densely populated.

Alaska
The boreal climatic zone (figure 13) is situated in a region where continental polar air masses are south of the tundra zone between latitude 50 and 70o 

## N. Thisclimate type shows very great seasonal range in temperature; winters are severe and the small annual precipitation is concentrated in the three warm months. This zone coincides with a great belt of needleleaf forest, referred to as boreal forest, and open lichen woodland, called the taiga. The Nation’s boreal forests generally consist of close stands of conifers (mostly spruce and tamarack) interspersed with white birch and aspen. Soils are generally shallow and rocky. This region dominates 85 percent of Alaska’s landscape.
The polar climatic zone lies north of the boreal zone and includes the tundra region, which has a very short, coolsummer and a long, severe winter. Temperature efficiency rather than effectiveness of precipitation becomes critical in influencing plant distribution and soil development. Vegetation on the tundra portion of this zone consists of grasses, sedges, and lichens, with willow shrubs.
The temperate oceanic climatic zone is situated on the southeast coast of Alaska, making up roughly 9 percent of the State’s forests. This zone receives abundant rainfall from maritime polar air masses and has a rather narrow range of temperature because it fronts on the ocean. The region is dominated by mountainous topography, and the natural vegetation is predominantlyneedleleaf forest. Altitude is critical to forest composition ranging from mild, humid coastal rain forests to

Figure 13 — Ecozones and forest cover distributions of Alaska. Chugach National Forest Alaska. Photo: Tom Iraci



## 18 Temperate Oceanic

9%

Boreal 85% Polar 6%

Other softwoods 49% Fir-spruce 32% Other types 1% Western hardwoods 8%

Hemlock-Sitka spruce 10% 

# Forest cover Ecozones

### -20 40 60 80 100 120 140

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997Million acres 

### Oak-hickory Loblolly/shortleaf pine Maple-beech-birch Lowland hardwoods Aspen birch Longleaf/Slash pine



### Figure 14 — Trend in timberland area for selected eastern forest types, 1953-1997. 

## cool boreal forests at higher elevations. Coastal forests include western hemlock, Alaska-cedar, western redcedar, Sitka spruce, red alder, and black cottonwood. Higher elevations have lodgepole pine, mountain hemlock, and subalpine fir. This zone also has a rich flora of shrubs and herbs.
The forests of Alaska account for 17 percent of the unreserved forest area of the United States and 17 percent of all forest land. Ten percent of Alaska’s unreserved forest is timberland (12.4 million acres) and accounts for 2 percent of all U.S. timberland.
Ninety-two percent of Alaska’s unreserved forest land is covered with softwood stands, 7 percent has hardwood stands, and 1 percent is currently nonstocked.
The most extensive forest type group is other softwoods. The other softwoods group is primarily spruce stands in interior Alaska. These forests account for 63 million acres—nearly half of all Alaska’s forests and provide important values that include watershed and soil protection, wildlife habitat, and aesthetic enjoyment.
Hemlock-Sitka spruce and fir-spruce forests are found primarily in coastal Alaska. These forests account for about 53 million acres and are made up of important commercial timber species that provide raw material for lumber products, pulping, and log exports on the Pacific coast and abroad.
In Alaska, there are about 10 million acres of the western hardwoods forest type group. Paper birch, aspen, and black cottonwood are the most abundant hardwood species. Hawaii
The small area of tropical humid climate in the U.S. is at low latitudes and is controlled largely by equatorial and tropical air masses. There is no winter season. While average annual rainfall is heavy and exceeds annual evaporation, it varies in amount and in seasonal and areal distribution. Hawaii and extreme southern Florida support this regime. Although southern Florida is dominated by wet savanna, Hawaii has evergreen and semi-deciduous forests of great diversity.



# Forest Changes
The forest landscape in the United States, on average, is getting older as represented by the increase in the area of forest types that are more representative of mid to later stages of succession, and by the decrease in the area of forest types that are more representative of earlier successional stages. Some species and forest types are showing signs of significant shifts. In the East, for example, the areas in aspen-birch and longleaf-slash pine have been decreasing while the area in maple-beech-birch and oak-hickory has been increasing (figure 14). Much of this change is due to natural succession in response to fire suppression. The downward trend in lowland hardwoods is more the result of a slowing but continued conversion of these forest lands toother uses. In the West the loss of lodgepole pine is attributable to fire suppression as well.

19- 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Nonstocked Other types Aspen-birch Maple-beech birch Elm-ash-cottonwood

Oak-gum-cypress Oak-hickory Oak-pine Loblolly/shortleaf pine

Longleaf/slash pine Spruce-fir Red/white/jack pine

Million acres Timberland Reserved Other 

### - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Nonstocked

Chaparral Pinyon-juniper W. Hardwoods Other softwoods

Lodgepole pine Hemlock-Sitka spruce Fir-spruce Ponderosa pine Douglas-fir



### Million acres Timberland Reserved Other



### Figure 15 — Forest land in the West by forest type and land class, 1997.

Figure 16 — Forest land area in the East by forest type and land class, 1997. 

# Reserved Status of Forest Types

In the West, much of the area of reserved forest land consists of softwoods (figures 15 and 16). In the East, oak-hickory and maple-beech-birch are the forest type groups with the most area in reserved status.

20

### -50 100 150 200 250

EAST WESTMillion acres 

### Forest land in counties with urban centers over 20,000 persons Forest land in counties with urban centers of 2,500 to 20,000 persons Forest land in counties with no urban center greater than 2,500 persons



### Figure 17 — Forest land in the United States by urban population proximity. 

# Forest Land Area by Rural-Urban Continuum Class

A higher percentage of forest land in the West is in counties classed as rural (55.8 percent) than in the the East (20.8 percent) (table 7). In part, this reflects higher population densities in the East and in part the remoteness of some areas in the West (figure 17). Population pressure tends to indicate higher rates of landscape fragmentation as more competing demands are placed on all resources.

Blue oak (Quercus douglasii ), California. Photo: Pacific Southwest Research Station.



## 21

### - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996Thousand acres 

### South

West

North 

## An estimated 54 million acres of forests (7 percent of the total) in the United States were established through tree planting (table 8). This estimate includes many areas, especially in the Western States, where natural regeneration was augmented with tree planting. In contrast to many other countries, virtually all tree planting for plantations in the United States is of native species.

Planted stands are most abundant in the Eastern United States, especially in the South (figure 18). There, planted forests total 36 million acres or about 17 percent of the forests in the region. Loblolly pine and slash pine are the species most frequently planted in the South.
As shown in the following tabulation, an estimated 13.6 million acres of planted forests exist in the Western United States; about 70 percent of these stands are in the Pacific Northwest subregion. Douglas-fir has been the predominant species planted, accounting for more than one-half of the total. However, since 1990, other species such as ponderosa pine, western larch, and lodgepole pine have been planted with increasing frequency, while the acreage planted to Douglas-fir has dropped. Acres of planted forest land in the Western United States by forest type group, 1997 Forest type group Thousand acres Douglas-fir 7,402 Ponderosa pine 2,328 Western white pine 45 Fir-spruce 1,216 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 194 Larch 859 Lodgepole pine 988 Other softwoods 195 Western hardwoods 397 Total 13,626

Planted stands make up a substantial component of only a few forest type groups across the country. In the East, the longleaf-slash pine group has the greatest percentage of acreage classed as planted—59 percent. Loblolly-shortleaf 

# Area of Plantations and Natural Forests

Figure 18 — Forest land planted annually in the United States, 1952-1996.



## 22

## pine forests also contain a relatively high proportion of planted area; 43 percent of these stands were planted, reflecting in part, conversion of natural pine stands to plantations. Farther north, white-red-jack pine stands have a plantation percentage of 24 percent. In the Western United States, Douglas-fir has a plantation proportion of 18 percent. Plantations in the United States tend to be predominately softwood. Acreages listed under hardwood types tend to be evidence of failed plantations where stocking of competing hardwood species has overtaken the softwoods. In rare cases, there are some hardwood plantations.
The data on plantation extent in the United States are from two sources. In the Eastern United States, classifications of stand origin made at Forest Inventory and Analysis plots were used to note planted and natural status. Because some planted stands take on the appearance of natural stands as they age, these data likely reflect conservative estimates of plantation acreage. Because it is often difficult to visually distinguish natural from planted forests after a decade or so in the West, plantation estimates were derived from tree planting statistics compiled by the USDA Forest Service (annual). Since these statistics reflect the total acreage planted over a long period, they were discounted to account for planting failures and stand liquidation due to harvests or natural disturbances such as fire and for clearing to nonforest land uses. The values used for current plantation extent in the Western United States are 75 percent of the total acreage planted in the region. Forest type distributions for planted stands in the West were developed from tree nursery data onspecies shipped and from forest industry records on plantation establishment.

23 A white-red-jack pine stand. Photo: USDA-Forest Service.

### -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12Million acres 

### Timberland Other Forest



### North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast 

# Trends in Timberland Area

For the entire United States, timberland area has risen since 1987, with a gain of 17 million acres or about 4 percent (tables 10 and 11). While reversion and afforestation were dominant factors in the East, reclassification of marginal wooded lands was the dominant cause for increases in forest land area in the West. Net gains were reported in the North (3 percent), South (2 percent), and the Rocky Mountain (16percent) regions (figure 19). On the Pacific Coast, timberland area declined by 1.7 percent from 1987 to 1997. Increases in the Pacific Northwest (2 percent) and Pacific Southwest (7 percent) subregions, were offset by a decline in Alaska (-21 percent) where a large area in the southwest portion of the State was reclassified as nonforest.
These shifts in timberland area are the result of a complex combination of timberland being withdrawn for reserved uses such as parks and wilderness and other influences. A major influence was the reclassification of other forest lands to timberland as a result of re-evaluation of site productivity. Additional gains can be attributed to abandoned marginal farmlands in the East reverting to productive forest lands. The net effect of these changes has been a drop in total timberland of 5 million acres (1 percent) since 1953.
Seventy-two percent of the Nation’s timberland is in the Eastern United States. In the West, timberland is a smaller segment of the total forest area than in the East, although timberland does constitute more than half of all forest land in the Great Plains and Pacific Northwest subregions, as well as in Colorado, Idaho, and Montana in the Intermountain subregion. 

# Timberland Ownerships
Timberland ownership patterns vary throughout the United States. Timberland ownership is divided into four broad classes: national forest, other public, forest industry, and nonindustrial private. The balance between public and private has not appreciably changed since 1987 (table 10). Private lands are concentrated in the eastern part of the country, and public lands are mainly in the West (figure 20). For the United States as a whole, private individuals and firms own 71 percent of all timberland; Federal, State, and other public owners account for the remaining 29 percent (table 11).

National Forest

National forest timberland in the United States totals 96 million acres or 19 percent of all timberland. Since most national forests were created from unclaimed public lands in the West around 1900, most (78 percent) of the current national forest timberland is in the West. When the national forest lands were created, much of the more accessible, highly productive forested area was no longer in the public domain. As a consequence, national forest timberland is, on average, less productive and on steeper, higher elevation terrain than are private timberlands. Their terrain makes national forests especially important in managing waterflows and in protecting and maintaining watershed condition. 

# Timberland Area and Ownership

Figure 19 — Change in forest area by land class and region, 1987 to 1997. 

## 24

### -20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific CoastMillion acres



### National Forest Other public Forest Industry Nonindustrial private



## Other Public
The other public category includes all lands managed by public agencies other than the Forest Service. Included are lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management, State, county, and municipal authorities. Timberland in this category accounts for 10 percent of the total timberland acreage. State-owned timberland, of which every State has some, constitutes over half of the timberland area in the other public category. The National Park Service and the Fish andWildlife Service in this ownership group also have significant forest areas, but these areas are not generally classed as timberland.
The largest concentration of other public timberland is in the North (45 percent of the nationwide total) where it is made up primarily of State and county forests. Pennsylvania in theNortheast subregion and Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin in the North Central subregion all have extensive State and local governmental management of timberlands. Timberland in State, county, and municipal ownership amounts to 26.4 percent of the total in these three Lake States. In this region, timberland that reverted to the States through tax delinquency during the depression accounts for much of the other public ownership. Oregon, Washington, and Alaska have large acreages of other public timberland— mostly State land in Alaska and Washington, and Bureau of Land Management land in Oregon. Forest Industry
Forest industry timberland holdings in the United States total 66.9 million acres, down 5 percent from 1987. These areasare owned by operators of primary wood products manufacturing facilities. They have historically been treated as an identifiable owner group because—unlike the nonindustrial private group—they are thought to have somewhat common objectives for ownership and management of timberland (Birch 1996). Most of the forest industry timberland is in the Eastern United States; 55 percent of all such lands are in the South and 22 percent are in the North. The Pacific Coast region has 18 percent of all industry timberlands, and the Rocky Mountain region has only 4 percent. The location of forest industry timberland has been strongly influenced by the location and availability of highly productive forest land.
The decline in timberland area classed as owned by forest industry is due in part to the creation of Timber Investment Management Organizations (TIMOS). TIMOS are the result of spinoffs of timberland holdings by some firms in forest industry. There are no timber processing plants associated with TIMOS, so these lands are classed in the nonindustrial private ownership category. In 2000, some 4 million acres of forest land were in TIMOS in the South (Siry 2001). Acreage in these organizations is expected to increase in the future. As a result, the area of timberland in the forest industry owner category will likely decline in the future. However, timberlands in both TIMOS and forest industry ownerships are managed in much the same way. Figure 20 — Area of timberland by major region and ownership group.



## 25

## Nonindustrial Private
Timberland owners in this group include individuals, trusts, and corporations. This group accounts for 58 percent of the timberland area in the United States.
Nonindustrial private timberland is concentrated in the eastern sections of the country; 88 percent of all such land is found in the North and South, accounting for about 71 percent of all timberland in both areas. In contrast, in the Rocky Mountain and Pacific Coast regions, this owner group accounts for about 25 percent of the timberland.
Because the owners in this group hold many different management objectives at any given time some of the area is not available for the production and harvest of timber. But ownership of timberland can be as transitory in this group as individual owners’ objectives; changes in ownership and objectives often bring formerly unavailable resources in to the market (Birch 1996).

26Black willow slough, bottomland hardwoods in Mississippi. Photo: Bill Lea. Interior Highlands, Arkansas. Photo: Pacific Melissa Carlson.-20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997Million acres

Nonstocked Seedling/sapling Poletimber Sawtimber

-20 40 60 80 100 120

1953 1963 1977 1987 1997Million acres Sawtimber

Poletimber Seedling/sapling Nonstocked 

## Stand size-class distribution can be used to describe forest structure and age as well as distribution of stands suitable for various timber products (tables 14 and 15). Four classes are generally recognized: (1) nonstocked, (2) seedling-sapling,(3) poletimber, and (4) sawtimber (see Glossary for definitions).
On eastern timberland, very few acres (less than 1 percent) are nonstocked. With generally favorable climates and seed sources, few harvested areas remain nonstocked for long. Seedling-sapling and poletimber stands are about evenly distributed in the East (25 and 29 percent, respectively) (figure 21). These stands form the core of the merchantable 

# Stand Size-Class Distribution

forests of the mid-21st century. Sawtimber stands represented 46 percent of the timberland in the East in 1997, compared with 30 percent in 1953. The bulk of current timber harvesting is focused on these stands.
In the West, nonstocked stands make up 4 percent of the total area of timberland. The distribution of seedling-sapling and poletimber stands is 14 and 17 percent, respectively, and the balance (65 percent) is in sawtimber stands. In the West, the share of sawtimber-size stands ranges from about 60 percent in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest subregions to 72 percent in the Pacific Southwest subregion (figure 22).

Figure 22 — Trends in area of timberland in the West by stand-size class, 1953-1997. Figure 21 — Trends in area of timberland in the East by stand-size class, 1953-1997.



## 27

## Cull trees 6% Sound dead trees 2%

Growing-stock trees 92% The Nation’s timberland contains an estimated 906 billioncubic feet of timber, of which 92 percent is in growingstock—live, sound trees suited for roundwood products (table 17 and figure 23). About 6 percent of all timber volume is in live cull trees that are not suited for roundwood products because of poor form or rot. Only 2 percent of the volume of all timber is in dead trees that are sound enough to have value for some commercial product uses. Softwood species have a higher proportion (95 percent) of all timber volume in growing-stock than hardwood species do (88 percent). The remainder of this discussion of timber volume will focus on growing-stock volume. 

# Timber Volume

rose by 76 percent, and in the Rocky Mountain region, it increased by 27 percent. In the Pacific Coast region, average net volume per acre increased by only 2 percent. This was due in part to the harvest of mature timber on timberland with high volumes per acre and in part to withdrawals of Federal timberland with mature timber.
The Nation’s softwood growing-stock volume totals 484 billion cubic feet or 58 percent of all growing-stock (figure 24b). Softwood volume is up 3.5 percent since 1987. Declines occurred in the South (down 1 percent) and Alaska (down 20 percent). Softwood volume increased by 4 percent in the North and by 14 percent in the Rocky Mountain region.
Softwood growing-stock is concentrated in the West; the Pacific Coast region alone accounts for 44 percent of allsoftwood growing-stock, despite its relatively small timberland base. The West contains stands that have high per acre volumes. Many of the younger, mature forests in the Pacific Coast region have higher per acre volumes due to the higher productivity of their sites. Most of the remainder of softwood timber is evenly distributed between the South and the Rocky Mountain regions. The North has 6 percent of the total.
There were 352 billion cubic feet of hardwood growingstock volume on timberland in 1997, up almost 12 percent since 1987 (table 23 and figure 24c). Hardwoods account for 42 percent of all growing-stock volume in the United States. Ninety percent of all hardwood timber volume is in the Eastern United States, almost evenly distributed between theNorth and the South regions. Most of the remaining hardwood volume is in the Pacific Coast region.



# Ownership
Because of many factors, including history of use, land productivity, and degree of management, the timber volumes are distributed unevenly among owners (table 25 and figures 25a, 25b, and 25c). National forests, which account for only 19 percent of the Nation’s timberland, have 30 percent of all growing-stock volume and 46 percent of all softwood growing-stock volume. The national forests, however, have proportionately less hardwood volume than the other owner groups. Other public owners—States, Federal agencies other than the Forest Service, counties and municipalities—account for about 10 percent of all growing stock, 58 percent of which isFigure 23 — Distribution of standing volume on timberland by class of timber.



## The South, which had a 5-percent increase in total volume between 1987 and 1997, experienced a 3-percent gain in volume on a per acre basis. In the North, total volume increased by 13 percent compared to a 9-percent increase in volume per acre. Pacific Coast volume registered a 0.3- percent gain, and volume per acre increased by 7 percent. The Rocky Mountain region saw a 16-percent gain in total volume, but no change in per acre volume.
Because growth has exceeded harvest since the 1950s, volume on U.S. timberland has increased since that time (tables 18 and 19 and figure 24a). Net volume per acre increased between 1953 and 1997 in all major regions. In the North, average net volume per acre increased by 100 percent between 1953 and 1997. In the South, net volume per acre 28

## -50 100 150 200

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific CoastBillion cubic feet



## 1953 1963 1977 1987 1997 -50 100 150 200 250 300

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific CoastBillion cubic feet



### 1953 1963 1977 1987 1997 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific CoastCubic feet per acre



### 1953 1963 1977 1987 1997



### Figure 24a — Trend in average growing-stock volume per acre on timberland by region.

Figure 24b — Trend in total softwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by region.

Figure 24c — Trend in total hardwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by region. 

## 29

### -50 100 150 200 250 300

National Forest Other public Forest Industry Nonindustrial privateBillion cubic feet



### 1953 1963 1977 1987 1997 -50 100 150 200 250

National Forest Other public Forest Industry Nonindustrial privateBillion cubic feet



### 1953 1963 1977 1987 1997 

### - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

National Forest Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial privateCubic feet per acre



### 1953 1963 1977 1987 1997



### Figure 25a — Trend in average growing-stock volume per acre on timberland by owner group.

Figure 25b — Trend in total softwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by owner group.

Figure 25c — Trend in total hardwood growing-stock inventory on timberland by owner group.


## 30

### - 20 40 60 80 100 120 Other yellow pines Spruce/balsam fir

White/red pines Engelmann/other spruce Lodgepole pine Western hemlock Ponderosa/Jeffrey pines True firs Loblolly/shortleaf pines Douglas-fir

Billion cubic feet

- 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Beech Tupelo & black gum Cottonwood & aspen Sweetgum Hickory Yellow-poplar

Hard maple Soft maple White oaks

Red oaks

Billion cubic feet

## softwoods. The hardwood volume in this category is concentrated in the North, and softwood volume is mostly in the West, with the largest share in Oregon and Washington.
Forest industries own about 12 percent of all growing-stock volume in the United States, and 14 percent of all softwood volume. Softwood growing-stock volume on forest industry lands has declined by 9 percent to 66 billion cubic feet since 1987, continuing a trend that goes back at least to 1953, the first year data are available. Hardwood growing-stock volume declined (8 percent) on forest industry ownerships in the South for the first time since 1953 when data first became available. Inventory turnover, the rate of harvest and replacement of timber inventories, is higher on forest industry land than on other ownerships.
Nonindustrial private timberland accounts for 47 percent of all growing-stock volume in the United States. This owner group controls 30 percent of all softwood timber and 72 percent of all hardwood timber. Both softwood and hardwood timber volume in this owner group is concentrated in the Eastern United States—softwoods in the Northeast, Southeast, and SouthCentral subregions and hardwoods throughout the East.



# Species
Douglas-fir is the most abundant softwood species; it totals 113billion cubic feet or over onefifth of all softwood growingstock volume in the United States (figure 26 and tables 26, 27, and 28). Sixty-two percent of all Douglas-fir volume is in the Pacific Northwest subregion. Other top 10 softwood species in order of volume abundance are loblolly and shortleaf pines (70 billion cubic feet), true firs (49 billion cubic feet), ponderosa and Jeffrey pines (39 billion cubic feet), western hemlock (32 billion cubic feet), lodgepole pine (27 billion cubic feet), Engelmann and other western spruces (23 billion cubic feet), eastern white and red pines (17 billion cubic feet), longleaf and slash pines (16 billion cubic feet), and eastern spruces and balsam fir (14 billion cubic feet).
Of the top 10 hardwood species, all are found mainly in the East except for cottonwood and aspen, which span the continent (figure 27 and forest type group map). Oak is by far the most common genus, accounting for 108 billion cubic feet, or 31 percent of the hardwood volume. The maples,next in abundance, are one of the fastest growing components of the hardwood resource. Soft and hard maples together account for 54 billion cubic feet, or 15 percent of all hardwoods. Soft maple volume has tripled since 1953.

Figure 26 — Ten softwood species groups with most growing-stock volume, 1997.

Figure 27 — Ten hardwood species groups with most growing-stock volume, 1997.



## 31

### - 10 20 30 40 50 60

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 29+ Midpoint diameter class (inches)Billion cubic feet 

### 1953 1977 1997 -20 40 60 80 100 120 140

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 29+ Midpoint diameter class (inches)Billion cubic feet 1953 1977 1997 

## As eastern forests continue to age, species with intermediatetolerance like yellow-poplar are increasing rapidly. Yellowpoplar volume has increased by 31 percent since 1987 and by nearly 300 percent since 1953.
The use of western hardwoods is growing. Red alder, with an inventory of nearly 8 billion cubic feet, has had a substantial increase in use in recent years as stocks have declined slightly (8.3 percent) since 1987. It is located almost entirely in western Oregon and Washington. The aspens in Colorado and other States in the Rocky Mountain region are also locally important for the manufacture of timber products and for the enjoyment of tourists when colors change in the fall.



# Diameter Distribution
The distribution of growingstock volume by diameter classes provides information on forest structure that has value to those interested in timber, wildlife, and aesthetic resources.
Since 1953, the net volume of U.S. hardwoods increased by 91 percent, and the volume of hardwoods in diameter classes 19 inches or greater more than doubled—from 26 to 57 billion cubic feet. For softwoods, the net volume increased by 12 percent between 1953 and 1997, and the volume of softwoods in diameter classes 19 inches or greater declined by 21 percent.

For trees from 5.0 inches to 20.9 inches in diameter, the patterns are similar for hardwoods and softwoods (figures 28 and 29), volume rises quickly to a peak in the 9- to 11-inch range and then declines with increasing size (tables 30, 31, and 32). Hardwoods continue this trend with little volume in very large trees. Softwood volume, in contrast, rises after 21 inches to another peak. The pattern in diameter distribution varied little between 1987 and 1997. Twenty-nine percent of softwood volume and 11 percent of hardwood volume was in trees 21.0 inches diameter and larger in 1997, compared to 29 percent for softwoods and 9 percent for hardwoods in 1987.
The diameter distribution also reflects regional differences (figure 30). The Rocky Mountain region has the most even distribution across diameter classes. The Pacific Coast region exhibits the softwood pattern most prominently, with big jumps in volume in the largest size classes.

Figure 28 — Distribution of softwood growing-stock volume by diameter class, 1953, 1977, and 1997.

Figure 29 — Distribution of hardwood growing-stock volume by diameter class, 1953, 1977, and 1997. 

## 32

### - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 29+ Midpoint diameter class (inches)Billion cubic feet 

### North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast



### Figure 30 — Distribution of growing-stock volume by region and diameter class, 1997.



## 330.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996Percent of growing-stock inventory

National forest Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial private 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996Percent of growing-stock inventory

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast 

## Timber inventories are snapshots of a dynamic process. This part of the report focuses on a comparison of national snapshots of the elements of change within forests— mortality, growth, and harvest.



# Mortality
Timber mortality is commonly defined as the average annual net volume of timber dying over a given time due to natural causes, such as insects, disease, suppression, fire, and windthrow. Mortality is a part of every forest. Usually, losses due to native insects, disease, and suppression occur at low and predictable rates. Little of this type of timber loss is harvested because the dead trees are widely scattered and do not provide concentrations of timber volume sufficient to support a profitable harvest operation.
Timber volume loss to mortalitycan also occur in high concentrations in localized areas,through epidemic insect infestations such as gypsy moth and spruce budworm, wildfire, windstorms, and geologic events such as earthquakes or volcanic activity. Timber killed, but not destroyed, in such catastrophic events is often salvaged and utilized for timber products. Salvaged timber is usually not inventoried as mortality and appears in data tables as part of removals.
Loss of growing stock to mortality totaled 6.3 billion cubic feet in 1996 (table 33), about 0.76 percent of the growing-stock volume in the United States. The distribution of mortality is consistent and very predictable, absent periodic catastrophes. In 1986, mortality amounted to 0.59 percent of growing stock with variation by region and owner (figures 31 and 32). For both softwoods and hardwoods, and for each owner group, the mortality rate (mortality loss as a percent of growing stock) in 1996 ranged between 0.61 and 0.85 percent. Mortality as a percent of inventory generally increased between 1986 and 1996 for all regions and all ownerships. For the United States as a whole, growing-stock mortality averages 12 cubic feet per acre annually. The mortality was highest in the Pacific Coast region, averaging about 18 cubic feet per acre annually, and lowest in the North, averaging about 10 cubic feet per acre per year. 

# Elements of Change in Timber Volume

Figure 31 — Mortality as a percent of growing-stock volume by Region, 1997.

Figure 32 — Mortality as a percent of growing-stock volume by owner group, 1997.



## 34Percent of growing-stock inventoryPercent of growing-stock inventory- 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996Cubic feet per acre per year

National forest Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial private



### - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific CoastCubic feet per acre per year



### 1952 1962 1976 1986 1996 

# Net Growth
Net growth is a commonly used measure of productivity and performance of timber resources. Net annual growth is annual growing-stock timber volume growth, usually averaged over a period of time, less the volume lost through mortality and increase in cull volume. In other words, it is the net effect of natural gains and losses to growing-stock volume.
Net annual growth totaled 23.5 billion cubic feet in 1996 (table 34); annual growth rate was 2.8 percent. Fifty-five percent of all net annual growth, and nearly three-quarters of all hardwood net annual growth, was on nonindustrial private timberland. Forest industry accounted for 19 percent of all net annual growth and for 25 percent of all softwood net annual growth. These percentages are much larger than the industry’s proportionate share of timberland and timber volume.
On a per acre basis, net annual growth on forest industry timberlands averaged 65 cubic feet annually, higher than on any other ownership (figure 33). This reflects the high productivity of timberland in this owner group, as well as the younger age of timber, higher stocking levels, and more intensive levels of management applied to these lands compared with other lands. For example, national forests are generally composed of lands of poorer productivity andmany old stands with relatively slow growth. As a consequence, they have the lowest per acre growth of any ownergroup (43 cubic feet). Nevertheless, some significant areas of both high growth and high productivity do occur on national forest lands, particularly in the Pacific Coast region, and, to a lesser extent, in the South.
Timber growth varies by region (figure 34). The South accounts for over 45 percent of all timber growth, 44 percent of softwood growth, and 47 percent of hardwood growth. The South and North regions combined account for nearly all (89 percent) of the total hardwood growth. The Rocky Mountain and Pacific Coast regions combined have 48 percent of all softwood growth despite having 68 percent of all softwood volume. This is due in part to the higher concentrations of older, slower growing softwood stands in the West.
On a per acre basis for all species, the Pacific Coast region has the highest rate of growth (69 cubic feet per acre per year) of all regions of the country. The Rocky Mountain and North regions have the lowest per acre growth rates of about 34 cubic feet per acre per year. Figure 33 — Average annual growing-stock growth per acre by owner group,

Figure 34 — Average annual growing-stock growth per acre by region, 1952-1996. 

## 350 2 4 6 8 10 12

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific CoastBillion cubic feet

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

National forest Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial privateBillion cubic feet

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996 

## Total growing-stock growth increased by about 4 percent between 1986 and 1996. The increase was 5.5 percent for hardwoods and 3 percent for softwoods. Small declines occurred for softwoods and hardwoods on other publictimberland and for hardwoods on forest industry timberlands.
For hardwoods, net annual growth increased in the North, South, and Rocky Mountain regions and decreased in the Pacific Coast region. For the Pacific Coast region, this is the first recorded decline in net annual growing-stock growth of hardwoods since 1952 when data were first published.
Net growth per acre increased by 0.1 percent in the Pacific Coast region. Per acre net annual growth in the South remains relatively high, with an increase since 1986. Per acre net annual growth has been stable in the Rocky Mountain region. Per acre net annual growth in the North declined by about 6 percent since 1986.



# Removals of Timber Volume

Removals from timber inventories are losses that occur by other than natural causes (mortality). Removals from growing-stock volume include: (1) harvest of roundwood products; (2) logging residues; and (3) other removals, such as pre-commercial thinning, and land clearing with resultant removal of timber. Not included are removals on timberlands withdrawn for parks and wilderness. We have focused here on timber removals from growing-stock inventory on timberland that are or can be potentially used for wood products. Timber removals from growing-stock inventory in 1996 totaled 16.0 billion cubic feet (table 35). Almost 64 percent of all timber removals came from the forests of the South, which continued to increase its share of removals in the United States—up from 51 percent in 1986 and 47 percent in 1976 (figure 35). Sixteen percent of all removals came from the Pacific Coast forests; 17 percent came from the North, and the remaining 3 percent came from forests in the Rocky Mountain region.
Softwoods accounted for 63 percent of all growing-stock removals in 1996. The forests of the South accounted for 64

Figure 36 — Trends in timber removals from growing stock by major owner group, 1962-1996. 

## 36 Figure 35 — Trends in timber removals from growing stock by region, 1962-1996.

## percent of all softwood removals, the Pacific Coast 24 percent, the Rocky Mountains 5 percent, and the North 7 percent. Hardwood removals in 1996 were centered in the North and South, which accounted for 35 and 62 percent of the United States total, respectively.
Nonindustrial private owners had 59 percent of all timber removals, and industrial forests contributed another 30 percent (figure 36). National forests accounted for 5 percent of total growing-stock removals, and the other public category had 6 percent of total removals in 1996. The national forest total marks a decline from the 13-percent share of total removals this ownership held in 1986.
Forest industry accounted for 37 percent of all softwood removals, nonindustrial private 52 percent, national forests 6 percent, and other public 5 percent. Hardwood removals came primarily from nonindustrial private forests (73 percent), predominantly in the East.
Removals in 1996 were 0.4 percent higher than in 1986

. Average timber harvest levels have risen each decade since the 1950s. Hardwood removals in 1996 were higher than in 1986 by nearly 19 percent while softwood removals declined 8 percent. Total removals from national forests declined by 62 percent between 1986 and 1996, softwood removals dropped by 69 percent, and hardwood removals increased by 27percent. Much of the decrease was the result of administrative appeals and litigation associated with issues related to biodiversity protection and maintenance of habitat for threatened, endangered, and sensitive species. Removals from other public lands were 12 percent lower in 1996 thanin 1986. Removals from nonindustrial private lands increased by 17 percent, and forest industry registered a 6- percent decline. Softwood removals were down 13 percent while hardwood removals rose 29 percent on forest industry lands.
In the North, removals changed little between 1986 and 1996. In the South, there was a 24-percent increase, with removals increasing in both subregions. In the Rocky Mountain and Pacific Coast regions, removals declined by 39 percent in each region, primarily because of reductions in timber harvest on Federal lands.

37

### 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

National forests Other public Forest industry Nonindustrial private All ownersGrowth-removal ratio



### 1952 1962 1976 1986 1996 

### 0 1 2 3 4 5

North South Rocky Mountain Pacific Coast United StatesGrowth-removal ratio



## 1952 1962 1976 1986 1996 - 1 1 2 2 3

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996Growth-removal ratio



## Softwoods Hardwoods All speciesFrom available data, the growth-removal ratio is a coarsefilter measure that approximates the notion of sustainable production: If the Nation is growing more wood than it is cutting, this ratio implies thatcurrent levels of wood production are sustainable. Growth is assumed to be a measure of sustainable output. However, theindicator conveys no information about quality, forest types, size, and other attributes of forest inventory, growth, and harvest (figure 37). Data for the Nation as a whole indicate that net annual growth exceeds removals for both softwoods and hardwoods (table 36). In total, the ratio of net annual growth to removals was 1.47 in 1996. The ratio increased for softwoods from 1986 to 1996, reflecting in part decreased harvest on Federal lands.
Especially noteworthy trends include an increase in the ratio for softwoods in the Pacific Coast region and a decrease in this ratio in the South (figure 38). The increase in the Pacific Coast region reflects decreased harvesting on public lands and increased growth on timber stands that were regenerated after harvest during the past century. The decrease in theSouth reflects increased harvesting, especially during the past 25 years. Current growth measures in the South do not reflect anticipated growth on millions of acres of plantations expected to reach maturity over the coming decades.
The current ratios by ownership exceed 1.0 for all owner groups except forest industry (0.92)(figure 39). The 1996 growthremovals ratio is 5.0 for national forests; 2.29 for other public 

# Timber Growth—Removal Balances

Figure 39 — Growth-removal ratios by timberland ownership group, 1952-1996. Figure 38 — Growth-removal ratios by major region, 1952-1996. 

## forests; and 1.36 for all species on nonindustrial private forests (1.4 for softwoods and 1.75 for hardwoods).

38 Figure 37 — Growth-removal ratios by softwoods and hardwoods, 1952-1996.Growth-removal ratioGrowth-removal ratioSaw logs Veneer logs Pulpwood* Other products



### 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

1952 1962 1976 1986 1996Billion cubic feet



### *Includes composite products

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

1962 1976 1986 1996Billion cubic feet

Roundwood products Logging residues Other removals 

# Products from Growing Stock and Other Sources

Making products from roundwood has evolved over time. In the 1700s and 1800s, the uses of wood for fuel, fences, and railroad cross ties were especially important at various times. Over the past decades, the use of wood has continued to evolve as new products have been developed, applications have changed, and uses have waxed or waned. Pulpwood as a percent of the roundwood harvest on timberland increased from 15.7 percent in 1952 to 30.7 percent in 1996, for example (figure 40).
Attention is focused on roundwood products from growing stock because this harvest affects growing-stock inventories. These inventories are tracked and studied because of their commercial importance. However, roundwood products also are made from such nongrowing-stock sources as dead trees, live cull trees that are largely rotten or are rough in form, very small trees, trees of seldom used species, and trees from nonforest land (fencerows, etc.).
In 1996, roundwood products from all domestic sources in the United States totaled 16.4 billioncubic feet, of which growingstock trees accounted for 84 percent (table 39 and figure 41). Nine percent of all softwood roundwood products came fromnon-growing stock. The situation was different for hardwoods, however, where 26 percent of roundwood products came from non-growing stock
sources. Saw logs accounted for the largest share of roundwood harvested in 1996—43 percent. This roundwood product, used in the production of lumber, accounted for 51 percent of all softwood harvested and 31 percent of all hardwood harvest. Pulpwood roundwood (including composite products) accounted for 33 percent of total timber harvest in the United States in 1996. Almost 57 percent of the pulpwood harvested was softwoods. Ninety-eight percent of all pulpwood roundwood was harvested in the Eastern United States—the South accounts for 77 percent. Although the Pacific Coast region has a substantial pulp industry, most of the wood raw material is from chips produced as the byproduct of lumber manufacturing.
Veneer logs accounted for 8 percent of the roundwood harvested, while other products such as cooperage, mine timbers, poles, pilings, posts, shakes, shingles, and logs for export accounted for the remaining 2 percent. Softwoods dominated both veneer logs and other products—87 and 97 

# Timber Products Output

Figure 41 — Disposition of growing stock harvested for products, 1962-1996. Figure 40 — Growing stock harvested for products, 1952-1996.



## 39

## percent, respectively. The South and Pacific Coast regionstogether produced over 90 percent of all veneer logs harvested in 1996. Forty-six percent of the harvest for other products was concentrated in the Pacific Coast, and was mostly logs for export.



# Logging Residues
Logging resides are materials removed from growing stock in the process of timber harvest, which are left unutilized at the harvest site. Since 1986, the proportion of softwoods left as logging residues has decreased from 16 to 11 percent. The volume of hardwood logging residue as a percent of total hardwood removals increased from 17.1 to 22 percent (table 40). In the Pacific Coast region, logging residues were 11 percent of total removals. In the South and North, logging residues were 12 and 27 percent, respectively, of total removals.
In the eastern part of the United States, hardwood logging residues totaled 2.0 billion cubic feet, and accounted for 27 percent and 18 percent of hardwood removals in the North and South, respectively. Softwood logging residue in the South amounted to 8 percent of softwood removals. 

# Other Removals
Other removals consist largely of growing stock cut and burned or otherwise destroyed in the process of converting forest land to nonforest uses. Another source of other removals is growing stock removed in forestry cultural operations such as precommercial thinning. In 1996, 6 percent of all growing-stock removals fell into this other removals category. Only 4 percent of softwood removals were in this category, but 10 percent of hardwood removals were so classified. Ninety-eight percent of the hardwood growing stock lost to other removals was in the South and the North. The losses in both regions were due largely to conversion of forests to various nonforest land uses such as residential subdivisions.
Most of the softwood growing stock classified as other removals in 1996 was in the South (96 percent). This likely was scattered softwoods in predominately hardwood stands that were converted to nonforest uses.
When timberland is converted to nonforest use, some wood raw material is usually destroyed in the process. But wood that is valuable for manufacturing products, if in economic concentrations, is often utilized and is included in the roundwood products category of removals.

40

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Frederick, K.D.; Sedjo, R.A., eds. 1991. America’s renewable resources: historical trends and current challenges . Washington, DC: Resources for the Future. 296 p.
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resources. In: Haynes, Richard W., coord. An analysis of the timber situation in the United States: 1989-2040. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-199. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 43-58.
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Siry, J. 2001. TIMOS southern forest lands management survey—preliminary results . Presentation given at the annual Southern Forest Resource Assessment Consortium (SOFAC) meeting; 2001 February 8-9; Research Triangle Park, NC. Available from Department of Forestry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8008.
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. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
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# References

41

## U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1958. Timber resource for America’s future. For. Resour. Rep. 14. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 713 p.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1965. Timber trends in the United States. For. Resour. Rep. 17. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 235 p.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1982. Analysis of the timber situation in the United States, 1952-2030. For. Resour. Rep. 23. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 499 p.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Annual. Tree planting in the United States. Washington, DC: Cooperative Forestry, State and Private Forestry. Waddell, Karen L.; Oswald, Daniel D.; Powell, Douglas S. 1989. Forest statistics of the United States, 1987

. Resour. Bull. PNW-168. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 106 p.
Williams, M. 1989. Americans and their forests: an historical geography. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Zhu, Zhiliang; Evans, David L. 1992.Mapping midsouth forest distributions with AVHRR data. Journal of Forestry. 90(12): 27-30.

42

## Annual mortality—The average annual volume of sound wood in growing-stock trees that died from natural causes during the period between inventories.

Annual removals—The net volume of growing-stock trees removed from the inventory during a specified year byharvesting, cultural operations such as timber stand improvement, or land clearing.
Bureau of Land Management (BLM)—An ownership class of Federal lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior.

Coarse materials—Wood residues suitable for chipping, such as slabs, edgings, and trimmings.
Commercial species—Tree species suitable for industrial wood products.
County and municipal—An ownership class of public lands owned by counties or local public agencies, or lands leased by these governmental units for more than 50 years.

Cull tree—A live tree, 5.0 inches in diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) or larger, that is unmerchantable for saw logs now or prospectively because of rot, roughness, or species. (See definitions for rotten and rough trees.)

Diameter class—A classification of trees based on diameter outside bark measured at breast height (4-1/2 feet above ground). D.b.h. is the common abbreviation for “diameter at breast height.” With 2-inch diameter classes, the 6-inch class, for example, includes trees 5.0 through 6.9 inches d.b.h.

Federal—An ownership class of public lands owned by the U.S. Government.
Fiber products—Products derived from wood and bark residues, such as pulp, composition board products, and wood chips for export.

Fine materials—Wood residues not suitable for chipping, such as planer shavings and sawdust.
Forest industry—An ownership class of private lands owned by companies or individuals operating wood-using plants. 

# Glossary

Forest land—Land at least 10 percent stocked by forest trees of any size, including land that formerly had such tree cover and that will be naturally or artificially regenerated. Forest land includes transition zones, such as areas between heavily forested and nonforested lands that are at least 10 percent stocked with forest trees and forest areas adjacent to urban and built-up lands. Also included are pinyon-juniper and chaparral areas in the West and afforested areas. The minimum area for classification of forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of trees must have a crown width of at least 120 feet to qualify as forest land. Unimproved roads and trails, streams, and clearings in forest areas are classified as forest if less than 120 feet wide.
Forest type—A classification of forest land based on thespecies presently forming a plurality of the live-tree stocking.
Forest type group—A combination of forest types that share closely associated species or site requirements and are generally combined for brevity of reporting.
Major eastern forest type groups: White-red-jack pine—Forests in which eastern white pine, red pine, or jack pine, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include hemlock, aspen, birch, and maple.
Spruce-fir—Forests in which spruce or true firs, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include white cedar, tamarack, maple, birch, and hemlock.
Longleaf-slash pine—Forests in which longleaf or slash pine, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include other southern pines, oak, and gum.
Loblolly-shortleaf pine—Forests in which loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, or southern yellow pines, exceptlongleaf or slash pine, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include oak, hickory, and gum.
Oak-pine—Forests in which hardwoods (usually upland oaks) comprise a plurality of the stocking, but in which pine or eastern redcedar comprises 25-50 percent of the stocking. Common associates include gum, hickory, and yellow-poplar.

43

## Oak-hickory—Forests in which upland oaks or hickory, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking except where pines comprise 25-50 percent, in which case the stand is classified as oak-pine. Common associates include yellow-poplar, elm, maple, and black walnut.
Oak-gum-cypress—Bottomland forests in which tupelo, blackgum, sweetgum, oaks, or southern cypress, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking except where pines comprise 25-50 percent, in which case the stand is classified as oak-pine. Common associates include cottonwood, willow, ash, elm, hackberry, and maple.

Elm-ash-cottonwood—Forests in which elm, ash, or cottonwood, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include willow, sycamore, beech, and maple.
Maple-beech-birch—Forests in which maple, beech, or yellow birch, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include hemlock, elm, basswood, and white pine.
Aspen-birch—Forests in which aspen, balsam poplar, paper birch, or gray birch, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include maple and balsam fir.
Major western forest type groups: Douglas-fir—Forests in which Douglas-fir comprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include western hemlock, western redcedar, the true firs, redwood, ponderosa pine, and larch.
Hemlock-Sitka spruce—Forests in which western hemlock and/or Sitka spruce comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include Douglas-fir, silver fir, and western redcedar.

Redwood—Forests in which redwood comprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include Douglas-fir, grand fir, and tanoak.
Ponderosa pine—Forests in which ponderosa pinecomprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include Jeffrey pine, sugar pine, limber pine,Arizona pine, Apache pine, Chihuahua pine, Douglasfir, incense-cedar, and white fir. Western white pine—Forests in which western white pine comprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include western redcedar, larch, white fir, Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, and Engelmann spruce.
Lodgepole pine—Forests in which lodgepole pinecomprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include alpine fir, western white pine, Engelmann spruce, aspen, and larch.

Larch—Forests in which western larch comprises a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include Douglas-fir, grand fir, western redcedar, and western white pine.
Fir-spruce—Forests in which true firs, Engelmannspruce, or Colorado blue spruce, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking. Common associates include mountain hemlock and lodgepole pine.

Western hardwoods—Forests in which aspen, redalder, or other western hardwoods, singly or in combination, comprise a plurality of the stocking.
Chaparral—Forests of heavily branched, dwarfed trees or shrubs, usually evergreen, the crown canopy of which at maturity covers more than 50 percent of the ground and whose primary value is watershed protection. The more common chaparral constituents are species ofQuercus, Cercocarpus, Garrya, Ceanothus, Arctostaphylos, and Adenostoma. Types dominated by such shrubs as Artemisia, Chrysothamnus, Purshia, Gutierrezia, or semidesert species are not commonly considered chaparral.
Pinyon-juniper—Forests in which pinyon or juniper, or both, comprise a plurality of the stocking.

Other softwoods—Forests in which other softwood species not mentioned above comprise a plurality of the stocking. These are primarily black spruce forests in interior Alaska.

Fuelwood—Wood used for conversion to some form of energy, primarily in residential use.
Growing stock—A classification of timber inventory that includes live trees of commercial species meeting specified standards of quality or vigor. Cull trees are excluded. When associated with volume, includes only trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger. 44

## Hardwood—A dicotyledonous tree, usually broad-leaved and deciduous.

Industrial wood—All commercial roundwood products except fuelwood.

International 1/4-inch rule—A log rule, or formula, for estimating the board-foot volume of logs. The mathematical formula is: (0.22D2

## - 0.17D)(0.904762) , for 4-foot sections, where D = diameter inside bark at the small end of the section.

Land area—The area of dry land and land temporarily or partly covered by water, such as marshes, swamps, and river flood plains; streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals less than 200 feet wide; and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 4.5 acres in area.

Live cull—A classification that includes live, cull trees. When associated with volume, it is the net volume in live, cull trees that are 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger.
Logging residues—The unused portions of growing-stock trees cut or killed by logging and left in the woods.
Lowland forest types— Generally refers to the elm-ashcottonwood and oak-gum-cypress forest types.

National forest —An ownership class of Federal lands, designated by Executive order or statute as national forests or purchase units, and other lands under the administration of the Forest Service including experimental areas and Bankhead-Jones Title III lands.

Native American land—(a) Lands held in trust by the United States or individual States for Native American tribes or individual Native Americans; (b) Lands owned in fee by Native American tribes whether subject to Federal or State restrictions against alienation or not.
Net annual growth—The average annual net increase in the volume of trees during the period between inventories. Components include the increment in net volume of trees at the beginning of the specific year surviving to its end, plus the net volume of trees reaching the minimum size class during the year, minus the volume of trees that died during the year, and minus the net volume of trees that became cull trees during the year. Net volume in board feet —The gross board-foot volume of the saw log portion of live sawtimber trees less deductions for rot or other defect affecting use for lumber.

Net volume in cubic feet—The gross volume in cubic feet less deductions for rot, roughness, and poor form. Volume is computed for the central stem from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4.0-inch top diameter outside bark, or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs.
Noncommercial species—Tree species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality, which normally do not develop into trees suitable for industrial wood products.

Nonforest land—Land that has never supported forests and lands formerly forested where use of timber management is precluded by development for other uses. (Note: Includes area used for crops, improved pasture, residential areas, city parks, improved roads of any width and adjoining clearings, powerline clearings of any width, and 1- to 4.5-acre areas of water classified by the Bureau of the Census as land. If intermingled in forest areas, unimproved roads and nonforest strips must be more than 120 feet wide, and clearings, etc., must be more than 1 acre in area, to qualify as nonforest land.)
Nonindustrial private—An ownership class of private lands where the owner does not operate wood-using plants.

Nonstocked areas —Timberland less than 10 percent stocked with all live trees.

Other Federal—An ownership class of Federal lands other than those administered by the Forest Service or the Bureau of Land Management. This category includes the National Park Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, Departments of Defense and Energy, and miscellaneous Federal ownerships.

Other forest land—Forest land other than timberland and productive reserved forest land. It includes available forest land, which is incapable of annually producing 20 cubic feet per acre of industrial wood under natural conditions because of adverse site conditions such as sterile soils, dry climate, poor drainage, high elevation, steepness, or rockiness.

Other land—Nonforest land less the area in streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals between 120 and 200 feet wide and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds between 1 and 4.5 acres in
area.

45

## Other private—An ownership class of private lands that are not owned by forest industry or farmers.
Other products—A miscellaneous category of roundwood products that includes such items as cooperage, pilings, poles, posts, shakes, shingles, board mills, charcoal, and export logs.
Other public —An ownership class that includes all public lands except national forests. This category generally includes State, county, and municipal ownerships.

Other red oaks—A group of species in the genus Quercus that includes scarlet oak, northern pin oak, southern red oak, bear oak, shingle oak, laurel oak, blackjack oak, water oak, pin oak, willow oak, and black oak.

Other removals—Unutilized wood volume from cut or otherwise killed growing-stock, from cultural operations such as precommercial thinnings, or from timberland clearing. Does not include volume removed from inventory through reclassification of timberland to productive reserved forest land.

Other sources—Sources of roundwood products that are non-growing-stock. These include salvable dead trees, rough and rotten trees, trees of noncommercial species, trees less than 5.0 inches d.b.h., tops, and roundwood harvested from nonforest land (for example, fence rows).

Other white oaks —A group of species in the genus Quercus that includes overcup oak, chestnut oak, and post oak.
Ownership—The property owned by one ownership unit, including all parcels of land in the United States.
Ownership unit—A classification of ownership encompassing all types of legal entities having an ownership interest in land, regardless of the number of people involved. A unit may be an individual; a combination of persons; a legal entity such as a corporation, partnership, club, or trust; or a public agency. An ownership unit has control of a parcel or group of parcels of land.

Planted forest —Planted forests are areas deemed to be forest by RPA definition and made up of at least 40 percent planted trees of either native or exotic species. Planted forests may be divided into two groups:

Plantations—Forest stands consisting almost exclusively of planted trees, of native or exotic species, and intensively managed to maintain this composition to maturity. Management practices may include extensive site preparation prior to planting and suppression of competing vegetation.
Augmented forest —Forest stands consisting of at least 40 percent planted trees, of native or exotic species, but not intensively managed to assure dominance of these trees in the stand at maturity. Management practices may include suppression of competing vegetation at the time of planting.

Poletimber trees—Live trees at least 5.0 inches in d.b.h., but smaller than sawtimber trees.
Primary wood-using mill—A mill that converts roundwood products into other wood products. Common examples are sawmills that convert saw logs into lumber and pulpmills that convert pulpwood into wood pulp.
Productivity class —A classification of forest land in terms of potential annual cubic-foot volume growth per acre at culmination of mean annual increment in fully stocked natural stands.
Pulpwood—Roundwood, whole-tree chips, or wood residues that are used for the production of wood pulp.

Reserved forest land—Forest land withdrawn from timber utilization through statute, administrative regulation, or designation without regard to productive status.

Residues—Bark and woody materials that are generated in primary wood-using mills when roundwood products are converted to other products. Examples are slabs, edgings, trimmings, miscuts, sawdust, shavings, veneer cores and clippings, and pulp screenings. Includes bark residues and wood residues (both coarse and fine materials) but excludes logging residues.

Rotten tree—A live tree of commercial species that does not contain a saw log now or prospectively primarily because of rot (that is, when rot accounts for more than 50 percent of the total cull volume).
Rough tree—(a) A live tree of commercial species that does not contain a saw log now or prospectively primarily because of roughness (that is, when sound cull due to such factors as poor form, splits, or cracks accounts for more than 50percent of the total cull volume) or (b) a live tree of noncommercial species. 46

## Roundwood products—Logs, bolts, and other round timber generated from harvesting trees for industrial or consumer
use.

Rural-urban continuum—A classification of U.S. counties by urban characteristic as described by Butler and Beale (1993). Classes are generically defined as follows: Major metro Major metro- Central:Central counties of metropolitan areas of 1 million population or
more Major metro- Fringe:Fringe counties of metropolitan areas of 1 million population or
more Intermediate and small metro Intermediate metro:Counties in metropolitan areas of 250,000 - 1,000,000 population Small metro:Counties in metropolitan areas of less than 250,000 population Large town Large town metro:Urban population of 20,000 or more, adjacent to a metropolitan area Large town nonmetro:Urban population of 20,000 or more, not adjacent to a metropolitan
area Small town Small town metro:Urban population of 2,500- 19,999, adjacent to a metropolitan area Small town nonmetro:Urban population of 2,500-19,999, not adjacent to a metropolitan area Rural Rural metro:Completely rural (no places with a population of 2,500 or more) adjacent to a metropolitan area Rural nonmetro:Completely rural (no places with a population of 2,500 or more) not adjacent to a metropolitan area

Salvable dead tree —A downed or standing dead tree that is considered currently or potentially merchantable by regional standards.
Saplings—Live trees 1.0 inch through 4.9 inches d.b.h.
Saw log—A log meeting minimum standards of diameter, length, and defect, including logs at least 8 feet long, sound and straight, and with a minimum diameter inside bark of 6 inches for softwoods and 8 inches for hardwoods, or meeting other combinations of size and defect specified by regional standards. Sawtimber —A classification of timber inventory that is composed of sawtimber trees of commercial species.

Sawtimber trees—Live trees containing at least one 12-foot saw log or two noncontiguous 8-foot logs, and meeting regional specifications for freedom from defect. Softwood trees must be at least 9.0 inches d.b.h., and hardwood trees must be at least 11.0 inches d.b.h.
Seedlings—Live trees less than 1.0 inch d.b.h. and at least 1 foot in height.

Select red oaks —A group of species in the genus Quercus that includes cherrybark oak, northern red oak, and Shumard oak.

Select white oaks—A group of species in the genus Quercus that includes white oak, swamp white oak, bur oak, swamp chestnut oak, and chinkapin oak.

Softwood—A coniferous tree, usually evergreen, having needles or scale-like leaves.

Sound dead—The net volume in salvable dead trees.

Stand size class—A classification of forest land based on the size class of all live trees in the area. The classes include:

Nonstocked stands—Forest land that is stocked with less than 10 percent of full stocking with all live trees. Examples are recently cut-over areas or reverting agricultural fields.
Seedling-sapling stands—Forest land that is stocked with at least 10 percent of full stocking with all live trees with half or more of such stocking in seedlings or saplings or both.

Poletimber stands—Forest land that is stocked with at least 10 percent of full stocking with all live trees with half or more of such stocking in poletimber or sawtimber trees or both, and in whichthe stocking of poletimber exceeds that of sawtimber.

Sawtimber stands—Forest land that is stocked with at least 10 percent of full stocking with all live trees with half or more of such stocking in poletimber or sawtimber trees or both, and in which the stocking of sawtimber is at least equal to that of poletimber. 47

## State—An ownership class of public lands owned by States or lands leased by States for more than 50 years.
Stocking —The degree of occupancy of land by trees, measured by basal area or number of trees by size and spacing, or both, compared to a stocking standard; that is, the basal area or number of trees, or both, required to fully utilize the growth potential of the land.

Timberland—Forest land that is producing or is capable of producing crops of industrial wood and not withdrawn from timber utilization by statute or administrative regulation.(Note: Areas qualifying as timberland are capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of industrialwood in natural stands. Currently inaccessible and inoperable areas are included.)
Tops—The wood of a tree above the merchantable height (or above the point on the stem 4.0 inches diameter outside bark [d.o.b.]). It includes the usable material in the uppermost stem. Unreserved forest land—Forest land that is not withdrawn from harvest by statute or administrative regulation. Includes forest lands that are not capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of industrial wood in natural stands.
Veneer log —A roundwood product from which veneer is sliced or sawn and that usually meets certain standards of minimum diameter and length and maximum defect.
Weight —The weight of wood and bark, oven-dry basis (approximately 12 percent moisture content).
Xerophytic plants —Plants growing where soil moisture conditions are very dry most of the time.

48

# Timing of Inventory Data
The tables in this report are dated 1997 for area and volume and 1996 for growth, mortality, and removals. These dates are used as nominal dates for national reporting. Actual inventory for a particular State is the most recent inventory available and may not have been collected in 1996-97. Until recently, forest inventory in the United States has been a cyclic process with new inventories conducted in each State every 10-12 years. When national statistics are compiled, these data are updated to the extent possible. Tables in this appendix describe when the inventories actually occurred and whether they have been updated for this report.



# Adjustments to Historic Inventory Data
Historic data presented in this report for previous national assessments may be adjusted from those found in the original publications. Generally, this is due to changes in data classifications, regional reporting boundaries, or occasionally when data are deemed to be inaccurate due to errors in reporting. 

# The Database
In 1987, the first national database was developed for the assessment. It was a summary database that placed all inventory data in a common format at the State/owner level of resolution. In 1992, the summary database was made available online. For 1997, standard Eastwide and Westwide data files were used wherever possible as a basis for county level summary.
The complete RPA logical database for 1997 is composed of four physical databases. The first two physical databases are the Eastwide and Westwide standard databases. Eastwide databases are available for all States in the North and South and are summarized to compile the county level data in the national summary database. Westwide standard files are available for all non-NFS lands in the West except Alaska and Hawaii and for NFS lands in Oregon, Washington, Utah, and Arizona. The remaining areas compiled multi-county summary data from historic inventory records. The third database is the national timber products output database composed of data from surveys of primary wood-using facilities (sawmills, pulpmills, veneer mills, chip mills, etc.) as well as residential fuelwood and post producers (Smith 1991 and May 1998). This database provides county level removals data for the United States. The fourth database is the national summary database that draws upon each of the other physical databases as well as “value-added” data from the Bureau of the Census such as total county land area, county latitude and longitude envelope, and population. The national summary database is available via the Internet and can provide data at the county level for most of the United States. The exceptions to this general rule are areas of theinterior West and Alaska where data are stored in multicounty groups. For more information on these databases, log on to http://fia.fs.fed.us. Further information on data collection procedures is available from the USDA Forest Service Research Stations and Regions listed in tables A-1 and A-2. 

# Appendix A: Procedures for the Update

49

## Appendix Table A-1. Addresses of USDA Forest Service Research Stations with responsibilities for forest inventories in the United States and their areas of responsibilitya

Address Areas of responsibility
Northeastern Research Station Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, 11 Campus Boulevard Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Newtown Square, PA 19073 New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and West Virginia

North Central Research Station Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, 1992 Folwell Avenue Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, St. Paul, MN 55108 South Dakota, and Wisconsin

Southern Research Station Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, 200 Weaver Blvd. Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, P.O. Box 2680 Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Asheville, NC 28802 Texas, Virginia, and Puerto Rico

Pacific Northwest Research Station Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, P.O. Box 3890 and Washington Portland, OR 97208

Rocky Mountain Research Station Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Natural Resources Research Center New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming 2150 Centre Avenue, Building A Fort Collins, CO 80526-2098

a For additional information, visit the Forest Inventory and Analysis Web site: www.fia.fs.fed.us.



## 50

## Appendix Table A-2. Addresses of National Forest System regional offices in the United States Address Region Location of National Forests Forest Service, USDA Region 1 Montana, northern Idaho, North Dakota, Northern Region and northwestern South Dakota Federal Building P.O. Box 7669 Missoula, MT 59807 Forest Service, USDA Region 2 Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, Rocky Mountain Region and eastern Wyoming 11177 West 8th Avenue P.O. Box 25127 Lakewood, CO 80225 Forest Service, USDA Region 3 Arizona and New Mexico Southwestern Region Federal Building 517 Gold Avenue S.W. Albuquerque, NM 87102 Forest Service, USDA Region 4 Southern Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and Intermountain Region western Wyoming Federal Building 324 25th Street Ogden, UT 84401 Forest Service, USDA Region 5 California Pacific Southwest Region 1323 Club Drive Vallejo, CA 94592 Forest Service, USDA Region 6 Oregon and Washington Pacific Northwest Region 333 S.W. 1st Avenue P.O. Box 3623 Portland, OR 97208 Forest Service, USDA Region 8 Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Southern Region Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, 1720 Peachtree Road, N.W. Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and Atlanta, GA 30309 Puerto Rico Forest Service, USDA Region 9 Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa Eastern Region Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, 310 West Wisconsin Avenue Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey Room 580 New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Milwaukee, WI 53203 Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin Forest Service, USDA Region 10 Alaska Alaska Region P.O. Box 21628 Juneau, AK 99802-1628
For additional information, contact the Internet sites for the regional offices through the USDA Forest Service home page: http://www.fs.fed.us. Timber inventories are managed by the forest management staff in each regional office. 

## 51

## Some inventories reported in this document were not actually conducted in 1996-1997, but rather data were collected periodically. A full accounting of the inventory status for national forests, States (non-national forest), and timber products output data found in this report is provided in this appendix.
Appendix Table A-3. Dates of source data for RPA inventory and removals statistics

Forest inventory data Timber products output (removals) data Non-NFS NFS Saw logs/ Other Region/State lands lands Pulpwood Veneer Fuelwood products Northeast: Connecticut 1985 1996 1984u 1984 1984u Delaware 1986 1996 1985u 1985 1985u Maine 1995 1995 1996 1995 1995 1995 Maryland 1986 1986 1996 1985u 1985 1985u Massachusetts 1985 1985 1996 1984u 1984 1984u New Hampshire 1997 1997 1996 1996 1996 1996 New Jersey 1986 1996 1986u 1986 1986u New York 1993 1995 1996 1993u 1993 1993u Pennsylvania 1989 1995 1996 1988u 1988 1988u Rhode Island 1985 1985 1996 1984u 1984 1984u Vermont 1997 1997 1996 1996 1996 1996 West Virginia 1989 1995 1996 1994u 1994 1994u North Central: Illinois 1985 1985 1996 1996 1985u 1996 Indiana 1997 1997 1996 1995 1996 1995 Iowa 1990 1996 1994 1995 1994 Michigan 1993 1993 1996 1994 1992 1994 Minnesota 1990 1990 1996 1992 1988u 1992 Missouri 1989 1989 1996 1994 1987u 1994 Ohio 1994 1995 1996 1989u 1989 1989u Wisconsin 1996 1996 1996 1994 1994 1994 Southeast: Florida 1995 1995 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 Georgia 1997 1997 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 North Carolina 1990 1990 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 South Carolina 1993 1993 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 Virginia 1992 1992 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 South Central: Alabama 1990 1990 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 Arkansas 1995 1995 1996 1996 1981 u 1996 Kentucky 1988 1988 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 Louisiana 1991 1991 1996 1996 1981 u 1996 Mississippi 1994 1994 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 Oklahoma 1989-93 1993 1996 1996 1981 u 1996 Tennessee 1989 1989 1995 1995 1981 u 1995 Texas 1992 1992 1994 1994 1981 u 1994 (continued on next page) 52

## (Appendix Table A-3 continued) Forest inventory data Timber products output (removals) data Non-NFS NFS Saw logs/ Other Region/State lands lands Pulpwood Veneer Fuelwood products

Great Plains: Kansas 1990 1996 1993 1994 1993 Nebraska 1994 1994 1996 1993 1994 1993 North Dakota 1994 1994 1996 1993 1994 1993 South Dakota 1996 1986u 1996 1993 1994 1993 Intermountain: Arizona 1985 1996 1995 1995 1984 1995 Colorado 1983 1981-88u 1996 1996 1982 1996 Idaho 1990 1990-95u 1995 1995 1990 1995 Montana 1988 1995 1993u 1993u 1989 1993 u Nevada 1989u 1987u 1996 1996 1996 1996 New Mexico 1987 1987 1995 1995 1986 1995 Utah 1993 1993 1992 1992 1992 1992 Wyoming 1984 1985-93u 1996 1996 1983u 1996 Pacific Northwest: Alaska 1977-94 1978-85 1995 1995 1982u 1995 Oregon 1992 1994-96 1994 1994 1994 1994 Washington 1988-91 1995 1996 1996 1996 1996 Pacific Southwest: California 1994 1995 1994 1994 1994 1994 Hawaii 1985 1995 1995 1995 1995 u = source data updated to 1996 for reporting.



## 53

# Accuracy of the Data
All of the data for the national assessment of forests are collected under the guidance of the USDA Forest Service andcompiled by the agency’s Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. All data are collected by the FIA program in cooperation with State forestry agencies or National Forest System (NFS) regions.
Inventories conducted by FIA are designed to meet the following statistical guidelines for accuracy within one standard deviation at the 67 percent level for each State:
+/- 3-5 percent per million acres of timberland +/- 10 percent per million acres of all other forest land +/- 5 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock volume on timberland +/- 10 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock growth +/- 15 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock mortality +/- 15 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock removals
Since these guidelines are applied at the State level, the accuracy of data for any national or regional total for these categories will be improved.
Inventories conducted historically on NFS lands would have similar accuracy estimates in the Eastern United States and Alaska where FIA conducted these inventories. In other NFS regions, regional inventory data were converted to emulate FIA classifications and thus specific accuracy estimates are difficult to derive. Overall, historic NFS data are presumed to have similar error characteristics except where errors of omission may have occurred.

54

## 1 acre = 0.404686 hectares 1,000 acres = 404.686 hectares 1 board foot = 0.00348 cubic meters 1,000 board feet, International 1/4-inch log rule = 3.48 cubic meters 1 cubic foot = 0.028317 cubic meters 1,000 cubic feet = 28.317 cubic meters 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters or 0.0254 meters 1 foot = 30.48 centimeters or 0.3048 meters 1 mile = 1.609 kilometers 1 square foot = 0.0929 square meters 1 square foot per acre basal area = 0.229568 square meters per hectare 1 ton = 0.90718 metric tons Breast height = 1.37 meters above ground level 

# Appendix B: Metric Equivalents for Various Units of Measure

55

## Common name Scientific name

Eastern Softwoods:

True firs AbiesMill. Balsam fir A. balsamea(L.) Mill. Fraser fir A. fraseri(Pursh) Poir. Eastern redcedar Juniperus virginiana L. Tamarack Larix laricina(Du Roi) K. Koch Spruce Picea A. Dietr. Jack pine Pinus banksiana Lamb. Shortleaf pine P. echinata Mill. Slash pine P. elliottii Engelm. Longleaf pine P. palustris Mill. Red pine P. resinosa Ait. Eastern white pine P. strobus L. Loblolly pine P. taeda L. Baldcypress Taxodium Rich. Northern white-cedar Thuja occidentalisL. Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis(L.) Carr. Eastern Hardwoods:

Maple Acer L. Red (soft) maple A. rubrum L. Sugar (hard) maple A. saccharum Marsh. Birch Betula L. Yellow birch B. alleghaniensis Britton Paper birch B. papyrifera Marsh. Gray birch B. populifolia Marsh. Hackberry Celtis occidentalis L. American beech Fagus grandifoliaEhrh. Ash Fraxinus L. Black walnut Juglans nigra L. Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua L. Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera L. Tupelo, gum Nyssa L. Black tupelo N. sylvatica Marsh. var. sylvatica Sycamore Platanus occidentalis L. Aspen Populus L. Balsam poplar P. balsamifera L. Eastern cottonwood P. deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. Black cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh. Oak Quercus L. White oak Q. alba L. Swamp white oak Q. bicolor Willd. Scarlet oak Q. coccinea Muenchh. Northern pin oak Q. ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill Southern red oak Q. falcata Michx. Cherrybark oak Q. falcata var. pagodifolia Ell. Bear oak Q. ilicifolia Wangenh. Shingle oak Q. imbricaria Michx. Overcup oak Q. lyrata Walt. Bur oak Q. macrocarpa Michx. Blackjack oak Q. marilandica Muenchh. Swamp chestnut oak Q. michauxii Nutt. Chinkapin oak Q. muehlenbergii Engelm. Water oak Q. nigra L. Pin oak Q. palustris Muenchh. Willow oak Q. phellos L. Chestnut oak Q. prinus L. Northern red oak Q. rubra L. Shumard oak Q. shumardii Buckl. Post oak Q. stellata Wangenh. var. stellata Black oak Q. velutina Lam. Willow Salix L. Basswood Tilia L. Elm Ulmus L. Western Softwoods:

True firs Abies Mill. Pacific silver fir A. amabilis Dougl. ex Forbes White fir A. concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. Grand fir A. grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Subalpine fir A. lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. Juniper Juniperus L. Incense-cedar Libocedrus decurrens Torr. Engelmann spruce Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. Blue spruce P. pungens Engelm. Sitka spruce P. sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. Pinyon pine P. edulis Engelm. Apache pine P. engelmannii Carr. Limber pine P. flexilis James Jeffrey pine P. jeffreyi Grev. & Balf. Sugar pine P. lambertiana Dougl. Chihuahua pine P. leiophylla var. chihuahuana (Engelm.) Shaw Western white pine P. monticola Dougl. ex D. Don Ponderosa pine P. ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. Arizona pine P. ponderosa var. arizonica (Engelm.) Shaw Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco Redwood Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. Western redcedar Thuja plicataDonn ex D. Don Western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla(Raf.) Sarg. Mountain hemlock T. mertensiana (Bong.) Carr. Western Hardwoods:

Red alder Alnus rubra Bong. Tanoak Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook & Arn.) Rehd. Cottonwood Populus L. Oak QuercusL. 

# Appendix C: Common and Scientific Names of Major Tree Species

Common name Scientific name

Source: Little 1979



## . 56

## Table 1.— Land area in the United States by major class, region, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 2.— Forest land area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 3.— Forest area in the United States by region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, 1953, 1938, 1907, and 1630
Table 4.— Forest land area in the United States by productivity class, region, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 5.— Forest land area in the Western United States by forest type group, subregion, productivity class, and ownership group, 1997
Table 6.— Forest land area in the Eastern United States by forest type group, subregion, productivity class, and ownership group, 1997

Table 7.— Forest land area in the Eastern and Western United States by rural-urban continuum class and forest type group, 1997
Table 8.— Area of planted and natural forest land in the Northern, Southern, and Western United States by forest type group and major ownership group, 1997
Table 9.— Forest land area in the United States by average d.b.h. class and forest type group, 1997

Table 10.—Timberland area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953
Table 11.—Timberland area in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 12.—Timberland area in the Eastern United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand age class, 1997 

# List of Tables

Table 13.—Timberland area in the Western United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand age class, 1997
Table 14.—Timberland area in the United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand size class, 1997
Table 15.—Area of timberland in the United States by stand size class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953
Table 16.—Timberland area in the United States by major geographic region and forest type group, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table 17.—Net volume of timber on timberland in the United States by class of timber, species group, region, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 18.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953
Table 19.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963
Table 20.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 21.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 22.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997
Table 23.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953 

## Forest Area

Volume

Timberland Area

57

## Table 24.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963
Table 25.—Net volume of all growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953
Table 26.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997
Table 27.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997
Table 28.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997
Table 29.—Net volume of growing stock on planted and natural timberland in the Northern, Southern, and Western United States by forest type group and major ownership group, 1997
Table 30.—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953
Table 31.—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953
Table 32.—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table 33.—Annual mortality of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, 1976, 1962, and 1952 Table 34.—Net annual growth of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, 1976, 1962, and 1952
Table 35.—Annual removals of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, and 1976
Table 36.—Net annual growth, removals, and mortality of growing stock on timberland in the United States by species group, region, subregion, and State, 1996


## biomass

Table 37.—Net all-live biomass on timberland in the Eastern and Western United States by rural-urban continuum class and forest type group, 1997
Table 38.—Biomass on timberland in the United States by region, subregion, State, and tree component, 1997

Table 39.—Volume of roundwood products harvested in the United States by source of material, species group, region, subregion, and product, 1996
Table 40.—Roundwood products, logging residues, and other removals from growing stock and other sources by species group, region, and subregion, 1996
Table 41.—Weight of bark and wood residue from primary wood-using mills by type of material, species group, region, subregion, and type of use, 1996


## Change Products Biomass

58

## Table B1.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table B2.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table B3.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Table B4.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Table B5.— Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997 Table B6.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table B7.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Table B8.— Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Table B9.— Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Table B10.—Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997 

## Board Foot

59

## 60 Table 1—Land area in the United States by major class, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Land class

Forest land

Total Total Region, land forest Other subregion, and State area land Timberland Reserveda Otherb land

Thousand acres North:
Northeast: Connecticut 3,101 1,863 1,815 23 25 1,238 Delaware 1,251 389 376 3 10 862 Maine 19,753 17,711 16,952 346 412 2,043 Maryland 6,295 2,701 2,423 153 124 3,594 Massachusetts 5,016 3,264 2,965 149 150 1,752 New Hampshire 5,740 4,955 4,551 117 287 785 New Jersey 4,748 1,991 1,864 105 21 2,757 New York 30,223 18,581 15,406 2,953 222 11,642 Pennsylvania 28,685 16,905 15,853 833 219 11,780 Rhode Island 669 409 356 8 45 260 Vermont 5,920 4,607 4,461 91 55 1,312 West Virginia 15,415 12,108 11,900 181 27 3,307 Total 126,817 85,484 78,923 4,963 1,598 41,333
North Central: Illinois 35,579 4,294 4,058 236 0 31,285 Indiana 22,957 4,501 4,342 159 0 18,456 Iowa 35,760 2,050 1,944 88 19 33,710 Michigan 36,358 19,335 18,667 577 90 17,023 Minnesota 50,954 16,796 14,819 1,136 842 34,158 Missouri 44,094 14,047 13,411 325 311 30,047 Ohio 26,210 7,855 7,568 140 147 18,355 Wisconsin 34,761 15,963 15,701 201 61 18,798 Total 286,673 84,842 80,510 2,862 1,470 201,832
North Total: 413,491 170,326 159,433 7,825 3,067 243,165
South: Southeast: Florida 34,520 16,254 14,605 601 1,048 18,266 Georgia 37,068 24,413 23,796 595 22 12,656 North Carolina 31,180 19,298 18,639 615 44 11,882 South Carolina 19,271 12,651 12,419 232 0 6,620 Virginia 25,342 16,047 15,345 655 47 9,295 Total 147,380 88,662 84,803 2,698 1,161 58,718
South Central: Alabama 32,480 21,964 21,911 52 0 10,517 Arkansas 33,328 18,790 18,392 231 167 14,538 Kentucky 25,429 12,684 12,347 305 32 12,744 Louisiana 27,882 13,783 13,693 90 0 14,099 Mississippi 30,025 18,595 18,587 8 0 11,429 Oklahoma 43,954 7,665 6,234 45 1,387 36,289 Tennessee 26,380 13,603 13,265 337 0 12,778 Texas 167,626 18,354 11,766 133 6,455 149,272 Total 387,105 125,438 116,196 1,202 8,040 261,667
South Total: 534,485 214,100 200,999 3,900 9,201 320,385

## 61 Table 1—(continued).

Land class

Forest land

Total Total Region, land forest Other subregion, and State area land Timberland Reserveda Otherb land

Thousand acres Rocky Mountain:
Great Plains: Kansas 52,367 1,545 1,491 18 37 50,822 Nebraska 49,202 947 898 32 18 48,255 North Dakota 44,156 674 442 0 232 43,483 South Dakota 48,571 1,632 1,487 22 123 46,939 Total 194,297 4,798 4,317 71 409 189,499
Intermountain: Arizona 72,731 19,926 4,073 1,771 14,082 52,805 Colorado 66,387 21,270 11,555 2,407 7,307 45,116 Idaho 52,961 21,937 17,123 3,529 1,285 31,024 Montana 93,156 23,232 19,164 3,620 448 69,924 Nevada 70,276 9,928 169 688 9,071 60,348 New Mexico 77,674 15,505 4,833 1,420 9,252 62,169 Utah 52,588 15,705 4,700 770 10,235 36,883 Wyoming 62,147 10,944 5,085 3,903 1,957 51,202 Total 547,918 138,447 66,701 18,108 53,637 409,471 Rocky Mountain Total: 742,214 143,244 71,018 18,180 54,046 598,970
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 365,039 127,380 12,395 9,836 105,148 237,660 Total 365,039 127,380 12,395 9,836 105,148 237,660
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 61,444 29,720 23,749 2,482 3,489 31,723 Washington 42,613 21,892 17,418 3,495 980 20,721 Total 104,057 51,612 41,167 5,977 4,469 52,444
Pacific Southwest: California 99,823 38,547 17,952 5,968 14,627 61,276 Hawaii 4,111 1,748 700 196 853 2,363 Total 103,934 40,296 18,652 6,164 15,480 63,639
Pacific Coast Total: 573,030 219,288 72,214 21,977 125,097 353,743

United States: 2,263,220 746,958 503,664 51,882 191,412 1,516,262

a For 1997, reserved forest includes lands previously classified as unproductive reserved and tabulated under the other forest category. b For 1997, other forest no longer includes lands classified as unproductive reserved. This area, amounting to about 12 million acres in 1987, is now included in the reserved forest category. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.

## 62 Table 2—Forest land area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Bureau of County All Land and NonRegion, owner- Total Total National Man- muni- Total Forest industrial subregion, and State ships public Federal forest agement Other State cipal private industry private

North: Northeast: Connecticut 1,863 272 13 0 0 13 180 80 1,591 0 1,591 Delaware 389 16 2 0 0 2 15 0 373 31 342 Maine 17,711 979 125 49 0 76 738 116 16,732 7,449 9,283 Maryland 2,701 434 74 0 0 74 337 23 2,267 137 2,130 Massachusetts 3,264 642 69 0 0 69 341 232 2,622 71 2,552 New Hampshire 4,955 1,093 730 708 0 22 237 126 3,862 519 3,343 New Jersey 1,991 605 96 0 0 96 382 127 1,386 0 1,386 New York 18,581 4,127 108 9 0 99 3,640 378 14,454 1,225 13,229 Pennsylvania 16,905 4,403 587 460 0 127 3,529 287 12,502 613 11,889 Rhode Island 409 95 5 0 0 5 88 3 314 0 314 Vermont 4,607 727 347 317 0 31 310 70 3,880 227 3,653 West Virginia 12,108 1,520 1,164 1,002 0 163 311 44 10,588 887 9,701 Total 85,484 14,914 3,320 2,544 0 776 10,107 1,487 70,570 11,158 59,412
North Central: Illinois 4,294 647 343 276 0 68 178 125 3,648 13 3,635 Indiana 4,501 771 425 191 0 234 323 22 3,731 17 3,713 Iowa 2,050 244 74 0 0 74 127 42 1,807 0 1,807 Michigan 19,335 7,197 2,987 2,737 0 250 3,946 264 12,138 1,520 10,618 Minnesota 16,796 9,507 3,070 2,740 29 300 3,773 2,664 7,290 761 6,529 Missouri 14,047 2,421 1,830 1,483 0 347 523 69 11,626 222 11,403 Ohio 7,855 690 241 216 0 25 294 156 7,165 174 6,990 Wisconsin 15,963 4,767 1,643 1,421 0 222 823 2,300 11,196 1,105 10,091 Total 84,842 26,242 10,613 9,064 29 1,520 9,987 5,642 58,599 3,814 54,785
North Total: 170,326 41,156 13,933 11,608 29 2,296 20,094 7,129 129,170 14,972 114,197
South: Southeast: Florida 16,254 4,096 2,477 1,139 0 1,338 1,522 97 12,158 4,018 8,140 Georgia 24,413 2,364 1,915 863 0 1,052 336 113 22,048 4,381 17,667 North Carolina 19,298 2,523 2,001 1,230 0 770 438 85 16,774 2,252 14,522 South Carolina 12,651 1,310 980 598 0 383 276 54 11,341 2,322 9,019 Virginia 16,047 2,580 2,211 1,640 0 571 270 99 13,466 1,537 11,929 Total 88,662 12,874 9,584 5,470 0 4,114 2,843 448 75,788 14,511 61,277
South Central: Alabama 21,964 1,183 869 619 0 250 218 95 20,781 4,796 15,985 Arkansas 18,790 3,530 3,060 2,479 0 580 403 67 15,260 4,498 10,762 Kentucky 12,684 1,316 1,103 645 0 458 213 0 11,368 205 11,164 Louisiana 13,783 1,304 797 567 0 230 300 207 12,479 3,899 8,579 Mississippi 18,595 1,944 1,534 1,099 0 435 311 100 16,651 3,241 13,411 Oklahoma 7,665 657 491 236 0 255 139 27 7,008 1,049 5,959 Tennessee 13,603 1,840 1,088 617 0 471 692 59 11,762 1,122 10,641 Texas 18,354 909 787 608 0 180 75 47 17,446 3,720 13,726 Total 125,438 12,683 9,729 6,870 0 2,859 2,351 603 112,755 22,529 90,226
South Total: 214,100 25,557 19,314 12,340 0 6,974 5,193 1,051 188,543 37,040 151,503 Public Privatea

Federal

Thousand acres

## 63 Table 2—(continued).

Bureau of County All Land and NonRegion, owner- Total Total National Man- muni- Total Forest industrial subregion, and State ships public Federal forest agement Other State cipal private industry private

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 1,545 109 65 0 0 65 32 13 1,436 0 1,436 Nebraska 947 133 52 47 0 6 71 10 814 0 814 North Dakota 674 232 198 182 2 14 34 0 442 0 442 South Dakota 1,632 1,075 1,008 994 6 8 66 1 557 0 557 Total 4,798 1,550 1,323 1,223 8 93 202 24 3,248 0 3,248
Intermountain: Arizona 19,926 11,712 10,534 8,546 1,188 800 1,164 13 8,214 13 8,201 Colorado 21,270 15,332 14,735 10,135 4,110 490 518 79 5,939 0 5,939 Idaho 21,937 18,548 17,356 16,416 893 47 1,166 25 3,389 1,284 2,106 Montana 23,231 16,965 16,215 14,552 817 846 743 7 6,267 1,618 4,649 Nevada 9,928 9,348 9,332 2,769 6,274 289 16 0 580 25 555 New Mexico 15,505 9,463 8,572 7,387 1,048 136 878 13 6,042 0 6,042 Utah 15,705 12,960 11,941 5,633 6,073 235 1,005 14 2,744 0 2,744 Wyoming 10,944 8,967 8,689 5,816 1,004 1,869 278 0 1,977 0 1,977 Total 138,447 103,294 97,374 71,255 21,408 4,710 5,770 151 35,152 2,939 32,213 Rocky Mountain Total: 143,244 104,844 98,697 72,478 21,416 4,803 5,972 175 38,401 2,939 35,461
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 127,380 91,505 66,749 11,250 21,230 34,268 24,736 20 35,875 0 35,875 Total 127,380 91,505 66,749 11,250 21,230 34,268 24,736 20 35,875 0 35,875
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 29,720 18,945 17,822 14,316 3,314 192 933 191 10,775 5,290 5,485 Washington 21,892 12,081 9,541 8,037 50 1,454 2,270 270 9,811 4,305 5,506 Total 51,612 31,026 27,363 22,352 3,365 1,646 3,203 460 20,586 9,595 10,991
Pacific Southwest: California 38,547 21,794 20,654 16,748 2,260 1,647 739 400 16,754 3,140 13,613 Hawaii 1,748 593 12 0 0 12 573 8 1,155 0 1,155 Total 40,296 22,387 20,666 16,748 2,260 1,659 1,312 408 17,909 3,140 14,768
Pacific Coast Total: 219,288 144,918 114,778 50,351 26,854 37,573 29,251 889 74,370 12,736 61,634

United States: 746,958 316,475 246,722 146,777 48,299 51,646 60,510 9,244 430,483 67,687 362,796

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Thousand acres Public Privatea

Federal

## 64 Table 3—Forest area in the United Statesa by region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, 1953, 1938, 1907, and 1630
Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987b 1977c 1963d 1953e 1938f 1907 g 1630h

North:
Northeast: Connecticut 1,863 1,815 1,861 1,910 1,990 1,809 1,600 2,930 Delaware 389 398 392 392 454 423 350 1,130 Maine 17,711 17,713 17,718 17,425 17,088 16,036 14,900 18,180 Maryland 2,701 2,632 2,653 2,920 2,920 2,595 2,200 5,730 Massachusetts 3,264 3,097 2,952 3,070 3,288 3,283 2,000 4,630 New Hampshire 4,955 5,021 5,014 5,019 4,848 4,664 3,500 5,490 New Jersey 1,991 1,985 1,928 2,371 2,098 2,157 2,000 4,330 New York 18,581 18,775 18,380 15,865 14,450 13,321 12,000 27,450 Pennsylvania 16,905 16,997 16,826 16,486 14,805 13,945 9,200 27,260 Rhode Island 409 399 404 434 434 360 250 650 Vermont 4,607 4,509 4,512 4,230 3,860 3,549 2,500 5,550 West Virginia 12,108 11,942 11,669 11,469 10,327 10,074 9,100 14,610 Total 85,484 85,283 84,309 81,591 76,562 72,216 59,600 117,940
North Central: Illinois 4,294 4,266 4,151 4,144 3,890 3,600 2,500 13,805 Indiana 4,501 4,439 3,943 4,018 4,103 3,580 4,000 19,520 Iowa 2,050 1,562 1,561 2,620 2,600 2,550 2,500 5,340 Michigan 19,335 18,220 18,691 19,699 19,592 19,073 15,500 33,110 Minnesota 16,796 16,583 16,709 17,403 17,826 19,615 15,500 31,500 Missouri 14,047 12,523 12,876 15,296 15,177 16,200 18,300 26,390 Ohio 7,855 7,309 7,037 6,091 5,500 5,110 4,800 23,470 Wisconsin 15,963 15,319 14,908 14,885 15,559 16,946 16,000 26,520 Total 84,842 80,221 79,876 84,156 84,247 86,674 79,100 179,655
North Total: 170,326 165,504 164,185 165,747 160,809 158,890 138,700 297,595
South: Southeast: Florida 16,254 16,721 17,040 19,050 20,817 21,740 24,128 29,840 Georgia 24,413 24,187 24,556 26,365 24,057 21,433 22,300 35,700 North Carolina 19,298 19,281 19,913 20,662 20,113 18,400 19,600 29,630 South Carolina 12,651 12,257 12,569 12,250 11,943 10,704 12,000 17,570 Virginia 16,047 16,108 16,387 16,412 16,032 14,832 14,000 24,480 Total 88,662 88,554 90,465 94,739 92,962 87,109 92,028 137,220
South Central: Alabama 21,964 21,725 21,525 21,770 20,771 18,878 20,000 29,540 Arkansas 18,790 16,987 16,852 20,051 19,681 20,963 24,200 31,940 Kentucky 12,684 12,256 12,161 11,791 11,647 11,546 10,000 23,140 Louisiana 13,783 13,883 14,348 16,176 16,230 16,211 16,500 26,160 Mississippi 18,595 16,693 16,716 17,076 16,890 16,253 17,500 26,700 Oklahoma 7,665 7,283 8,513 9,235 10,329 10,415 10,500 13,330 Tennessee 13,603 13,258 13,184 13,629 12,808 13,000 15,000 24,010 Texas 18,354 20,505 23,279 23,954 24,708 26,949 30,000 41,980 Total 125,438 122,590 126,578 133,682 133,064 134,215 143,700 216,800
South Total: 214,100 211,144 217,043 228,421 226,026 221,324 235,728 354,020 Thousand acres

## 65 Table 3—(continued).
Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987b 1977c 1963d 1953e 1938f 1907 g 1630h

Rocky Mountain:
Great Plains: Kansas 1,545 1,358 1,344 1,351 1,668 2,408 2,648 1,570 Nebraska 947 722 1,029 1,162 903 1,188 1,472 1,470 North Dakota 674 460 422 439 473 495 384 450 South Dakota 1,632 1,690 1,702 1,837 2,169 2,080 2,200 2,480 Total 4,798 4,230 4,497 4,789 5,213 6,171 6,704 5,970
Intermountain: Arizona 19,926 19,384 18,494 19,902 19,212 20,106 21,000 21,570 Colorado 21,270 21,338 22,271 22,583 22,000 21,720 21,440 21,440 Idaho 21,937 21,818 21,727 21,815 21,025 21,713 22,400 24,130 Montana 23,232 21,910 22,559 22,048 22,330 22,415 22,500 23,320 Nevada 9,928 8,928 7,683 9,000 9,500 10,750 12,000 12,000 New Mexico 15,505 15,826 15,360 15,487 15,550 15,334 15,168 15,680 Utah 15,705 16,234 15,557 14,955 16,219 16,310 16,400 17,890 Wyoming 10,944 9,966 10,028 9,777 10,513 10,757 11,000 12,490 Total 138,447 135,404 133,679 135,567 136,349 139,105 141,908 148,520 Rocky Mountain Total: 143,244 139,634 138,176 140,356 141,562 145,276 148,612 154,490
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 127,380 129,045 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 Total 127,380 129,045 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100 129,100
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 29,720 28,773 29,810 30,739 30,261 30,381 30,500 30,590 Washington 21,892 22,521 23,181 23,050 23,868 24,684 25,500 25,670 Total 51,612 51,294 52,991 53,789 54,129 55,065 56,000 56,260
Pacific Southwest: California 38,547 39,381 40,152 42,541 42,541 48,159 49,000 51,970 Hawaii 1,748 1,748 1,986 1,982 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Total 40,296 41,129 42,138 44,523 44,541 50,159 51,000 53,970
Pacific Coast Total: 219,288 221,468 224,229 227,412 227,770 234,324 236,100 239,330

United States: 746,958 737,750 743,633 761,936 756,167 759,814 759,140 1,045,435

a Estimates for 1938 include forest area for regions that would become the States of Alaska and Hawaii. All data prior to 1953 are based on partial inventories or estimates from surveyors data. Estimates for 1907 include forest area for regions that woul d become the States of Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, and New Mexico. Estimates for 1630 represent the forest area in North America for regions that would become the 50 States within the current United States. b Data for 1987 based on Waddell et al . (1989).

c Data for 1977 based on USDA Forest Service (1982). d Data for 1963 based on USDA Forest Service (1965).

e Data for 1953 based on USDA Forest Service (1958). f Data for 1938 based on U.S. Congress (1938). g Data for 1907 based on Kellogg (1909). h Data for 1630 were also from Kellogg (1909) as an estimate of the original forest area based on the current estimate of forest and historic land clearing information. These data are provided here for general reference purposes only to convey the relative extent of the forest estate, in what is now the United States, at the time of European settlement. Thousand acres

## 66 Table 4—Forest land area in the United States by productivity class, region, subregion, and State 1997

Reserved Region, 120 + 85-119 50-84 20-49 0-19 forest subregion, and State Total cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. land

North: Northeast: Connecticut 1,863 77 125 556 1,055 25 23 Delaware 389 31 59 160 126 10 3 Maine 17,711 241 1,825 6,065 8,822 412 346 Maryland 2,701 208 491 887 837 124 153 Massachusetts 3,264 296 419 1,063 1,187 150 149 New Hampshire 4,955 65 539 1,389 2,558 287 117 New Jersey 1,991 50 144 473 1,198 21 105 New York 18,581 817 1,595 3,757 9,237 222 2,953 Pennsylvania 16,905 716 1,471 3,838 9,828 219 833 Rhode Island 409 0 19 60 277 45 8 Vermont 4,607 74 487 1,019 2,881 55 91 West Virginia 12,108 971 2,718 3,839 4,373 27 181 Total 85,484 3,546 9,893 23,105 42,379 1,598 4,963
North Central: Illinois 4,294 288 1,440 1,730 600 0 236 Indiana 4,501 1,082 1,641 1,203 416 0 159 Iowa 2,050 82 573 911 377 19 88 Michigan 19,335 963 4,398 7,735 5,572 90 577 Minnesota 16,796 270 2,975 5,387 6,187 842 1,136 Missouri 14,047 124 555 6,420 6,312 311 325 Ohio 7,855 387 583 1,495 5,103 147 140 Wisconsin 15,963 1,014 4,022 7,013 3,652 61 201 Total 84,842 4,211 16,186 31,895 28,218 1,470 2,862
North Total: 170,326 7,756 26,079 55,000 70,598 3,067 7,825
South: Southeast: Florida 16,254 205 1,939 8,677 3,784 1,047 602 Georgia 24,413 983 6,110 15,008 1,695 22 595 North Carolina 19,298 1,105 5,607 9,681 2,245 44 615 South Carolina 12,651 435 3,321 7,340 1,324 0 232 Virginia 16,047 562 3,293 9,489 2,001 47 655 Total 88,662 3,291 20,270 50,194 11,049 1,160 2,699
South Central: Alabama 21,964 7,262 8,134 5,700 816 0 52 Arkansas 18,790 3,452 5,061 7,121 2,758 167 231 Kentucky 12,684 1,102 2,065 3,876 5,305 32 305 Louisiana 13,783 6,363 4,485 2,547 298 0 90 Mississippi 18,595 7,906 7,354 3,036 291 0 8 Oklahoma 7,665 175 423 2,503 3,132 1,387 45 Tennessee 13,603 2,064 3,602 5,648 1,951 0 337 Texas 18,354 3,716 4,768 2,707 576 6,455 133 Total 125,438 32,038 35,893 33,138 15,126 8,040 1,202
South Total: 214,100 35,329 56,163 83,332 26,175 9,200 3,901 Productivity classa

Thousand acres

## 67 Table 4—(continued).

Reserved Region, 120 + 85-119 50-84 20-49 0-19 forest subregion, and State Total cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. land

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 1,545 62 256 558 614 37 18 Nebraska 947 23 173 269 432 18 32 North Dakota 674 0 19 98 325 232 0 South Dakota 1,632 1 11 183 1,292 123 22 Total 4,798 87 458 1,109 2,664 409 71
Intermountain: Arizona 19,926 1 9 905 3,157 14,082 1,771 Colorado 21,270 7 423 3,061 8,064 7,307 2,407 Idaho 21,937 3,006 4,925 5,402 3,790 1,285 3,529 Montana 23,231 453 2,129 7,099 9,483 448 3,620 Nevada 9,928 16 31 42 80 9,071 688 New Mexico 15,505 2 93 1,250 3,488 9,252 1,420 Utah 15,705 7 210 1,395 3,089 10,235 770 Wyoming 10,944 0 122 1,178 3,785 1,957 3,903 Total 138,447 3,494 7,941 20,332 34,934 53,637 18,108 Rocky Mountain Total: 143,244 3,580 8,399 21,441 37,598 54,046 18,180
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 127,380 2,109 1,202 761 8,323 105,148 9,836 Total 127,380 2,109 1,202 761 8,323 105,148 9,836
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 29,720 10,830 4,902 4,949 3,068 3,489 2,482 Washington 21,892 9,849 3,101 2,760 1,708 980 3,495 Total 51,612 20,680 8,003 7,709 4,775 4,469 5,977
Pacific Southwest: California 38,547 5,623 5,227 4,611 2,490 14,627 5,968 Hawaii 1,748 700 0 0 0 853 196 Total 40,296 6,323 5,227 4,611 2,490 15,480 6,164
Pacific Coast Total: 219,288 29,112 14,432 13,081 15,589 125,097 21,977

United States: 746,958 75,778 105,074 172,853 149,959 191,410 51,883

a Productivity classes are displayed as cubic feet per acre per year. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Productivity classa

Thousand acres

## 68 Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains: 120 + 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 82 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 458 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 404 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 1,109 0 46 0 17 0 0 0 0 96 943 0 0 7 0 20 to 49 2,664 0 823 0 5 0 0 0 0 416 1,397 0 0 23 0 Other forest 409 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 24 0 0 349 0 Reserved 71 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 18 0 0 0 30 Total 4,798 0 908 0 23 0 0 0 0 588 2,869 0 0 380 30

Intermountain: 120 + 3,494 1,397 320 77 1,069 397 52 132 0 0 51 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 7,941 2,661 477 31 3,012 616 336 527 0 0 278 0 0 2 0 50 to 84 20,332 6,484 2,632 23 5,981 475 369 2,424 0 113 1,796 17 0 17 0 20 to 49 34,934 7,103 11,453 1 4,151 22 117 6,613 0 1,224 3,845 348 0 57 0 Other forest 53,637 214 362 0 404 0 15 802 0 1,281 7,333 42,561 126 536 0 Reserved 18,108 3,109 1,757 3 4,698 68 43 3,778 0 1,673 597 2,315 0 67 0 Total 138,446 20,969 17,002 134 19,315 1,578 932 14,277 0 4,292 13,900 45,242 126 680 0

Alaska: 120 + 2,109 0 0 0 0 2,036 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 17 0 85 to 119 1,202 0 0 0 0 1,177 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 9 0 50 to 84 761 0 0 0 3 668 0 0 0 6 83 0 0 1 0 20 to 49 8,323 0 0 0 3,104 937 0 0 0 149 4,010 0 0 123 0 Other forest 105,148 0 0 0 35,958 3,822 0 113 0 60,925 4,275 0 0 55 0 Reserved 9,836 0 0 0 1,352 3,915 0 0 0 1,888 1,877 0 0 804 0 Total 127,379 0 0 0 40,418 12,556 0 113 0 62,968 10,317 0 0 1,008 0

Pacific Northwest: 120 + 20,680 10,151 288 11 2,046 4,049 83 474 6 28 3,247 0 0 297 0 85 to 119 8,003 3,013 1,377 14 1,209 603 112 697 0 66 791 11 0 109 0 50 to 84 7,709 2,514 2,469 4 815 342 79 761 0 69 442 92 0 123 0 20 to 49 4,775 1,234 2,152 22 209 78 13 476 0 50 232 164 0 146 0 Other forest 4,469 324 809 2 16 35 0 19 0 20 499 2,285 235 225 0 Reserved 5,977 1,268 202 37 1,432 2,152 55 246 0 123 173 0 0 28 261 Total 51,613 18,505 7,297 91 5,726 7,260 342 2,672 6 355 5,383 2,552 235 928 261

Pacific Southwest: 120 + 6,323 651 2,427 0 839 7 0 15 657 75 1,257 0 0 396 0 85 to 119 5,227 1,021 1,772 5 1,401 0 0 8 71 7 905 0 0 38 0 50 to 84 4,611 267 2,247 50 623 5 0 92 4 280 986 0 0 58 0 20 to 49 2,490 38 822 41 73 0 0 51 0 1,036 388 5 0 36 0 Other forest 15,480 2 60 10 10 0 0 1 0 3,738 5,649 1,456 4,385 169 0 Reserved 6,164 423 617 261 1,259 13 0 287 178 1,662 863 161 441 0 0 Total 40,295 2,402 7,944 366 4,205 24 0 453 910 6,798 10,049 1,622 4,827 697 0

West total: 120 + 32,693 12,200 3,034 88 3,954 6,488 134 621 663 107 4,694 0 0 710 0 85 to 119 22,831 6,695 3,627 50 5,621 2,397 449 1,232 71 126 2,393 11 0 159 0 50 to 84 34,521 9,264 7,393 76 7,439 1,490 448 3,277 4 563 4,250 109 0 207 0 20 to 49 53,187 8,375 15,250 64 7,542 1,037 130 7,139 0 2,875 9,872 517 0 385 0 Other forest 179,143 541 1,261 12 36,388 3,858 15 936 0 65,971 17,779 46,302 4,746 1,335 0 Reserved 40,157 4,801 2,585 301 8,741 6,148 98 4,311 178 5,359 3,529 2,476 441 898 291

Total 362,532 41,875 33,151 591 69,686 21,418 1,274 17,515 916 75,001 42,519 49,416 5,187 3,693 291 All ownership groups Table 5—Forest land area in the Western United States by forest type group, subregion, productivity class, and ownership group,1997

Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 69 Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains: 120 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 18 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 85 0 46 0 17 0 0 0 0 18 4 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 896 0 823 0 5 0 0 0 0 39 29 0 0 0 0 Other forest 214 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 168 0 Reserved 10 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 1,223 0 908 0 23 0 0 0 0 74 50 0 0 168 0

Intermountain: 120 + 2,098 877 185 45 670 229 28 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 5,087 1,742 224 25 2,112 307 242 385 0 0 46 0 0 2 0 50 to 84 13,139 3,997 1,281 23 4,698 310 195 1,803 0 40 759 17 0 17 0 20 to 49 22,255 4,256 5,062 1 3,537 22 81 5,680 0 871 2,340 348 0 57 0 Other forest 15,715 173 212 0 343 0 15 777 0 777 3,324 9,431 126 536 0 Reserved 12,961 2,776 1,438 3 3,780 68 43 1,771 0 1,668 441 915 0 59 0 Total 71,255 13,821 8,402 96 15,140 937 603 10,480 0 3,357 6,910 10,710 126 672 0

Alaska: 120 + 1,851 0 0 0 0 1,777 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 17 0 85 to 119 821 0 0 0 0 812 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 50 to 84 394 0 0 0 3 390 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 20 to 49 715 0 0 0 19 658 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 11 0 Other forest 3,110 0 0 0 26 2,896 0 113 0 8 12 0 0 55 0 Reserved 4,360 0 0 0 0 3,615 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 745 0 Total 11,251 0 0 0 48 10,148 0 113 0 8 96 0 0 838 0

Pacific Northwest: 120 + 8,240 3,727 238 11 1,737 1,557 68 455 0 21 395 0 0 32 0 85 to 119 4,508 1,256 1,117 8 928 384 54 583 0 23 133 11 0 11 0 50 to 84 4,198 907 1,809 4 444 218 48 516 0 39 64 92 0 57 0 20 to 49 1,089 149 477 22 36 17 0 166 0 35 26 150 0 12 0 Other forest 265 27 28 2 0 8 0 12 0 15 8 140 0 26 0 Reserved 4,052 867 143 35 1,177 1,304 16 213 0 123 146 0 0 28 0 Total 22,352 6,933 3,812 81 4,322 3,487 186 1,945 0 256 772 393 0 165 0

Pacific Southwest: 120 + 2,478 391 1,324 0 754 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 3,337 873 995 5 1,296 0 0 0 0 0 168 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 2,770 174 1,343 47 531 5 0 74 4 279 314 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 1,501 22 221 41 66 0 0 34 0 1,025 91 0 0 0 0 Other forest 2,928 2 2 10 10 0 0 1 0 2,222 467 214 0 0 0 Reserved 3,733 382 380 261 901 6 0 100 4 1,285 303 112 0 0 0 Total 16,747 1,844 4,264 363 3,558 11 0 210 8 4,811 1,353 327 0 0 0

West total: 120 + 14,668 4,995 1,748 56 3,161 3,563 96 519 0 21 461 0 0 48 0 85 to 119 13,771 3,871 2,337 38 4,336 1,504 296 968 0 40 347 11 0 22 0 50 to 84 20,585 5,078 4,478 73 5,693 922 242 2,394 4 376 1,141 109 0 75 0 20 to 49 26,456 4,427 6,583 64 3,663 698 81 5,880 0 1,971 2,513 498 0 80 0 Other forest 22,233 202 271 12 379 2,903 15 903 0 3,022 3,829 9,784 126 785 0 Reserved 25,116 4,026 1,970 298 5,859 4,992 59 2,084 4 3,075 890 1,027 0 831 0

Total 122,829 22,598 17,386 540 23,091 14,583 789 12,748 8 8,505 9,181 11,430 126 1,843 0 Forest type group

Thousand acres National forest

## 70 Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains: 120 + 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 22 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 72 0 0 4 0 20 to 49 131 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 77 0 0 5 0 Other forest 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 14 0 Reserved 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 18 0 0 0 23 Total 327 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 78 202 0 0 22 23

Intermountain: 120 + 432 137 35 6 168 54 6 15 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 759 282 48 0 253 109 23 14 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 1,657 680 138 0 332 57 35 182 0 22 210 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 3,210 1,003 1,111 0 214 0 2 418 0 166 295 0 0 0 0 Other forest 21,275 30 61 0 54 0 0 11 0 369 1,115 19,635 0 0 0 Reserved 4,706 239 250 0 734 0 0 1,970 0 5 134 1,367 0 5 0 Total 32,039 2,371 1,643 6 1,756 221 67 2,610 0 562 1,797 21,001 0 5 0

Alaska: 120 + 107 0 0 0 0 107 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 149 0 0 0 0 137 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 206 0 0 0 0 123 0 0 0 0 83 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 4,363 0 0 0 1,588 75 0 0 0 57 2,576 0 0 67 0 Other forest 69,959 0 0 0 16,310 651 0 0 0 50,292 2,706 0 0 0 0 Reserved 5,470 0 0 0 1,347 301 0 0 0 1,888 1,877 0 0 58 0 Total 80,254 0 0 0 19,245 1,394 0 0 0 52,237 7,254 0 0 125 0

Pacific Northwest: 120 + 3,234 1,943 0 0 66 571 0 0 0 7 619 0 0 28 0 85 to 119 810 500 63 0 53 69 19 15 0 0 82 0 0 9 0 50 to 84 805 480 64 0 39 32 12 33 0 14 133 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 703 278 211 0 6 7 0 59 0 0 115 7 0 20 0 Other forest 1,337 96 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 68 910 57 51 0 Reserved 1,785 392 51 3 248 797 4 7 0 0 24 0 0 0 259 Total 8,674 3,690 538 3 411 1,476 35 113 0 26 1,041 917 57 108 259

Pacific Southwest: 120 + 483 11 48 0 0 0 0 0 85 18 148 0 0 173 0 85 to 119 123 0 59 0 11 0 0 0 1 0 51 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 82 6 28 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 46 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 80 0 47 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 23 2 0 5 0 Other forest 2,486 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 129 381 737 1,203 29 0 Reserved 2,386 39 234 0 358 7 0 187 173 374 531 48 435 0 0
Total 5,640 56 424 0 368 7 0 191 259 521 1,180 787 1,638 208 0

West total: 120 + 4,269 2,091 83 6 234 733 6 15 85 26 790 0 0 201 0 85 to 119 1,868 782 170 0 318 316 41 28 1 5 197 0 0 9 0 50 to 84 2,836 1,166 230 0 370 213 47 216 0 47 544 0 0 4 0 20 to 49 8,486 1,282 1,369 0 1,808 82 2 480 0 272 3,086 9 0 97 0 Other forest 95,072 127 218 0 16,364 651 0 11 0 50,794 4,272 21,282 1,259 94 0 Reserved 14,402 670 535 3 2,687 1,104 4 2,164 173 2,280 2,585 1,415 435 63 282

Total 126,933 6,117 2,605 9 21,781 3,098 102 2,915 259 53,424 11,474 22,706 1,695 468 282 Forest type group

Thousand acres

Other public

## 71 Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains: 120 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other forest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Intermountain: 120 + 399 142 4 13 150 64 12 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 802 252 17 0 347 128 32 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 1,211 493 137 0 225 95 90 157 0 5 8 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 515 325 27 0 63 0 8 86 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Other forest 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 2,940 1,213 185 13 786 286 141 283 0 10 8 13 0 0 0

Alaska: 120 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other forest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pacific Northwest: 120 + 5,632 3,076 0 0 119 1,397 6 6 0 0 882 0 0 147 0 85 to 119 1,200 706 40 0 143 96 20 0 0 36 128 0 0 30 0 50 to 84 1,093 408 251 0 218 48 0 78 0 16 48 0 0 25 0 20 to 49 1,197 245 593 0 113 20 0 169 0 7 0 7 0 43 0 Other forest 474 50 166 0 0 21 0 7 0 0 27 103 61 39 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 9,596 4,486 1,050 0 592 1,582 26 260 0 60 1,085 110 61 284 0

Pacific Southwest: 120 + 1,550 128 583 0 50 0 0 6 363 8 379 0 0 32 0 85 to 119 758 56 344 0 65 0 0 8 36 0 239 0 0 9 0 50 to 84 513 8 290 3 50 0 0 0 0 0 151 0 0 10 0 20 to 49 162 9 98 0 7 0 0 0 0 7 42 0 0 0 0 Other forest 158 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 86 4 30 8 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 3,141 201 1,326 3 172 0 0 14 399 33 898 4 30 59 0

West total: 120 + 7,581 3,346 587 13 319 1,460 18 25 363 8 1,261 0 0 180 0 85 to 119 2,759 1,015 401 0 555 223 52 35 36 36 367 0 0 39 0 50 to 84 2,816 909 678 3 493 143 90 234 0 21 207 0 0 36 0 20 to 49 1,874 579 718 0 183 20 8 255 0 19 42 7 0 43 0 Other forest 645 50 177 0 0 21 0 7 0 18 113 120 91 46 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 15,675 5,899 2,562 16 1,550 1,868 168 557 399 103 1,991 127 91 343 0 Thousand acres Forest industry Forest type group

## 72 Table 5—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western productivity forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- Unclassa types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine Redwood woods woods juniper arral stocked knownb

Great Plains: 120 + 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 70 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 413 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 382 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 937 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 867 0 0 4 0 20 to 49 1,637 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 328 1,291 0 0 18 0 Other forest 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 0 0 168 0 Reserved 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Total 3,248 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 436 2,617 0 0 189 6

Intermountain: 120 + 565 241 95 13 80 50 6 40 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 1,293 385 189 6 299 72 40 101 0 0 201 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 4,325 1,315 1,076 0 726 13 48 282 0 46 819 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 8,954 1,518 5,253 0 337 0 26 429 0 182 1,209 0 0 0 0 Other forest 16,634 11 90 0 7 0 0 14 0 135 2,894 13,483 0 0 0 Reserved 442 94 68 0 183 0 0 37 0 0 22 34 0 3 0 Total 32,213 3,564 6,771 19 1,633 134 120 903 0 364 5,185 13,517 0 3 0

Alaska: 120 + 151 0 0 0 0 151 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 232 0 0 0 0 228 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 161 0 0 0 0 155 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 3,246 0 0 0 1,498 204 0 0 0 92 1,407 0 0 45 0 Other forest 32,079 0 0 0 19,622 276 0 0 0 10,625 1,556 0 0 0 0 Reserved 6 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 35,875 0 0 0 21,125 1,014 0 0 0 10,723 2,967 0 0 45 0

Pacific Northwest: 120 + 3,573 1,406 49 0 125 524 9 14 6 0 1,352 0 0 90 0 85 to 119 1,486 551 157 7 85 54 19 100 0 7 448 0 0 59 0 50 to 84 1,613 718 346 0 114 44 20 134 0 0 197 0 0 41 0 20 to 49 1,786 562 872 0 54 34 13 81 0 7 91 0 0 71 0 Other forest 2,393 151 465 0 16 7 0 0 0 0 396 1,133 117 109 0 Reserved 140 9 8 0 7 52 34 26 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 Total 10,991 3,397 1,896 7 400 714 95 354 6 14 2,486 1,133 117 370 2

Pacific Southwest: 120 + 1,812 121 472 0 35 7 0 9 209 49 720 0 0 191 0 85 to 119 1,010 92 373 0 29 0 0 0 34 7 446 0 0 29 0 50 to 84 1,247 79 586 0 42 0 0 16 0 1 475 0 0 47 0 20 to 49 748 7 456 0 0 0 0 14 0 4 233 4 0 30 0 Other forest 9,908 0 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,368 4,714 500 3,153 132 0 Reserved 45 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 30 0 6 0 0 Total 14,770 300 1,930 0 106 7 0 39 244 1,432 6,618 503 3,158 430 0

West total: 120 + 6,175 1,768 616 13 240 731 14 62 215 53 2,182 0 0 281 0 85 to 119 4,434 1,028 719 12 413 354 59 201 34 44 1,482 0 0 89 0 50 to 84 8,284 2,111 2,007 0 882 212 68 432 0 120 2,358 0 0 92 0 20 to 49 16,370 2,087 6,581 0 1,889 237 40 524 0 613 4,231 4 0 164 0 Other forest 61,193 162 595 0 19,645 283 0 14 0 12,135 9,566 15,115 3,269 409 0 Reserved 639 105 79 0 196 52 34 63 1 3 55 34 6 3 9

Total 97,095 7,261 10,597 26 23,265 1,869 215 1,296 250 12,969 19,873 15,153 3,275 1,038 9

a Productivity classes are displayed as cubic feet per acre per year. b Poorly stocked reserved and other forest lands have insufficient data to determine a forest type. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Nonindustrial private Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 73 Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast: 120 + 3,546 404 292 0 87 144 1,026 38 331 1,185 40 0 0 0 85 to 119 9,893 1,119 1,228 0 203 451 3,499 57 207 2,540 582 0 6 0 50 to 84 23,105 2,345 2,898 0 364 814 7,136 140 435 7,552 1,417 0 5 0 20 to 49 42,379 2,410 3,160 0 897 1,016 12,765 190 1,334 18,763 1,752 0 93 0 Other forest 1,598 73 441 0 74 64 256 19 243 214 73 0 139 0 Reserved 4,963 90 643 0 74 15 1,108 2 35 2,765 197 0 34 0 Total 85,484 6,441 8,662 0 1,699 2,504 25,790 446 2,585 33,019 4,061 0 277 0

North Central: 120 + 4,211 756 458 0 53 88 789 55 561 992 449 0 10 0 85 to 119 16,186 1,126 929 0 36 81 3,221 62 1,652 4,612 4,417 0 51 0 50 to 84 31,895 1,233 1,524 0 67 402 11,782 45 2,099 8,618 6,053 0 72 0 20 to 49 28,218 1,119 4,696 0 557 599 9,461 183 3,382 5,948 2,107 0 167 0 Other forest 1,470 10 755 0 12 92 264 13 84 52 51 0 135 2 Reserved 2,862 307 425 0 12 28 755 7 288 324 704 1 4 8 Total 84,842 4,551 8,787 0 737 1,290 26,272 365 8,066 20,546 13,781 1 439 10

Southeast: 120 + 3,291 329 0 199 1,159 605 734 219 7 6 0 0 33 0 85 to 119 20,270 53 0 2,032 6,158 2,599 6,185 2,583 346 112 0 0 202 0 50 to 84 50,194 144 2 6,274 13,039 6,388 15,610 7,560 349 194 0 0 634 0 20 to 49 11,049 12 9 1,492 1,871 1,794 3,537 1,945 70 22 0 0 297 0 Other forest 1,160 0 0 2 0 0 11 361 12 0 0 66 615 91 Reserved 2,699 27 0 86 189 134 293 570 17 12 0 14 198 1,159 Total 88,663 565 11 10,085 22,416 11,520 26,370 13,238 801 346 0 80 1,979 1,250

South Central: 120 + 32,038 34 0 746 9,837 5,582 8,831 6,341 524 90 0 0 54 0 85 to 119 35,893 20 0 1,313 10,364 6,236 12,181 5,214 348 144 0 0 74 0 50 to 84 33,138 32 0 937 6,133 5,120 16,452 3,771 353 218 0 0 122 0 20 to 49 15,126 21 0 136 1,158 1,485 10,785 862 303 360 0 0 17 0 Other forest 8,040 0 0 0 81 51 3,132 5 21 0 0 4,744 6 0 Reserved 1,202 6 0 6 107 112 438 40 6 0 0 0 107 380 Total 125,437 113 0 3,138 27,680 18,586 51,819 16,233 1,555 812 0 4,744 380 380

East total: 120 + 43,086 1,523 750 945 11,136 6,419 11,379 6,654 1,422 2,272 489 0 97 0 85 to 119 82,243 2,319 2,157 3,345 16,760 9,367 25,086 7,916 2,553 7,408 4,999 0 332 0 50 to 84 138,331 3,754 4,424 7,211 19,603 12,723 50,980 11,516 3,236 16,583 7,470 0 833 0 20 to 49 96,773 3,562 7,865 1,628 4,483 4,895 36,547 3,179 5,088 25,092 3,859 0 574 0 Other forest 12,267 83 1,196 2 166 208 3,663 399 360 266 124 4,810 896 93 Reserved 11,726 429 1,068 92 382 290 2,595 620 346 3,100 901 15 343 1,547

Total 384,426 11,670 17,460 13,223 52,530 33,902 130,250 30,284 13,005 54,721 17,842 4,825 3,075 1,640 Table 6—Forest land area in the Eastern United States by forest type group, subregion, productivity class, and ownership group,1997

All ownership groups Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 74 Table 6— (continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast: 120 + 39 5 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 129 11 17 0 6 3 58 0 0 34 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 554 21 38 0 7 18 157 0 0 306 8 0 0 0 20 to 49 1,307 8 76 0 21 7 316 0 0 822 57 0 0 0 Other forest 235 0 171 0 0 0 5 0 12 24 0 0 23 0 Reserved 279 0 54 0 0 0 8 0 0 182 36 0 0 0 Total 2,543 45 356 0 34 28 554 0 12 1,392 101 0 23 0

North Central: 120 + 342 157 67 0 6 7 39 3 3 22 37 0 0 0 85 to 119 1,549 274 203 0 12 3 153 0 27 308 568 0 0 0 50 to 84 3,307 279 276 0 16 100 1,000 5 50 877 699 0 4 0 20 to 49 2,676 224 672 0 162 73 581 0 208 423 323 0 9 0 Other forest 90 0 36 0 0 16 18 0 2 0 1 0 17 0 Reserved 1,100 205 227 0 3 14 113 0 35 74 429 0 0 0 Total 9,064 1,139 1,481 0 199 213 1,904 8 325 1,704 2,057 0 30 0

Southeast: 120 + 281 51 0 4 45 53 110 11 0 6 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 832 2 0 76 227 83 369 40 7 27 0 0 2 0 50 to 84 2,310 38 2 268 379 272 1,162 126 0 38 0 0 25 0 20 to 49 1,171 4 4 144 164 165 586 93 0 4 0 0 7 0 Other forest 52 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 Reserved 823 27 0 24 77 45 155 64 3 12 0 8 61 349 Total 5,469 122 6 516 892 618 2,382 334 10 87 0 8 95 401

South Central: 120 + 1,528 17 0 100 605 399 264 131 0 11 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 1,512 11 0 139 645 328 324 53 0 11 0 0 0 0 50 to 84 2,619 15 0 124 772 523 1,139 23 0 22 0 0 0 0 20 to 49 799 11 0 18 87 101 560 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 Other forest 11 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved 402 5 0 6 64 32 96 0 0 0 0 0 96 103 Total 6,871 59 0 387 2,173 1,383 2,394 207 0 66 0 0 96 103

East total: 120 + 2,190 231 67 105 656 460 423 145 3 63 37 0 0 0 85 to 119 4,022 298 220 216 890 417 904 93 34 380 568 0 2 0 50 to 84 8,789 353 317 392 1,174 913 3,457 154 50 1,243 707 0 29 0 20 to 49 5,953 247 753 162 434 346 2,043 93 208 1,271 380 0 17 0 Other forest 389 0 207 0 0 16 34 0 14 24 1 0 40 52 Reserved 2,604 237 281 29 144 91 371 64 38 268 465 8 156 452

Total 23,947 1,366 1,845 904 3,298 2,243 7,232 549 347 3,249 2,158 8 244 504 National forest Thousand acres Forest type group

## 75 Table 6—(continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast: 120 + 234 49 49 0 2 5 44 0 21 57 7 0 0 0 85 to 119 603 130 27 0 23 51 168 6 21 158 19 0 0 0 50 to 84 1,884 168 206 0 57 58 765 28 24 479 98 0 0 0 20 to 49 4,853 234 106 0 285 133 2,042 29 144 1,740 140 0 0 0 Other forest 136 4 24 0 8 0 25 8 20 39 6 0 2 0 Reserved 4,659 90 583 0 74 15 1,101 2 35 2,572 154 0 34 0 Total 12,369 675 995 0 449 262 4,145 73 265 5,045 424 0 36 0

North Central: 120 + 612 152 138 0 6 13 53 0 40 78 132 0 0 0 85 to 119 2,814 321 273 0 0 3 292 7 213 402 1,292 0 11 0 50 to 84 5,593 420 474 0 4 21 1,025 7 297 1,307 2,016 0 22 0 20 to 49 5,740 503 2,148 0 29 15 748 23 744 741 723 0 66 0 Other forest 763 0 621 0 0 0 14 13 31 2 25 0 57 0 Reserved 1,656 62 172 0 9 14 631 7 239 245 268 1 3 6 Total 17,178 1,458 3,826 0 48 66 2,763 57 1,564 2,775 4,456 1 159 6

Southeast: 120 + 140 3 0 35 52 25 16 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 85 to 119 904 4 0 191 257 109 160 158 19 2 0 0 4 0 50 to 84 2,453 6 0 525 516 218 483 650 19 0 0 0 35 0 20 to 49 1,283 0 0 346 212 290 181 225 1 2 0 0 26 0 Other forest 750 0 0 1 0 0 2 252 2 0 0 49 420 24 Reserved 1,876 0 0 62 113 90 138 506 14 0 0 6 138 810 Total 7,406 13 0 1,160 1,150 732 980 1,798 56 4 0 55 623 834

South Central: 120 + 1,368 0 0 28 258 219 317 479 61 0 0 0 7 0 85 to 119 1,512 6 0 29 209 192 411 574 62 5 0 0 24 0 50 to 84 1,399 5 0 51 115 178 641 344 54 6 0 0 5 0 20 to 49 681 0 0 12 59 100 394 107 0 9 0 0 0 0 Other forest 58 0 0 0 13 0 41 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved 795 1 0 0 43 80 342 40 6 0 0 0 6 277 Total 5,813 12 0 120 697 769 2,146 1,544 187 20 0 0 42 277

East total: 120 + 2,354 203 187 63 318 263 430 486 122 136 138 0 7 0 85 to 119 5,833 461 300 220 489 354 1031 746 314 568 1,311 0 39 0 50 to 84 11,329 599 681 576 693 475 2,914 1,029 395 1,791 2,114 0 62 0 20 to 49 12,557 737 2,255 357 584 539 3,365 383 888 2,493 863 0 92 0 Other forest 1,707 4 645 1 22 0 82 273 57 40 31 49 479 24 Reserved 8,986 152 755 62 238 199 2,212 556 293 2,817 423 7 180 1,092

Total 42,766 2,156 4,823 1,279 2,344 1,830 10,034 3,473 2,069 7,845 4,880 56 859 1,116 Other public Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 76 Table 6—(continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast: 120 + 241 35 46 0 18 2 52 0 12 71 7 0 0 0 85 to 119 1,121 43 378 0 10 24 179 3 6 417 62 0 0 0 50 to 84 3,696 139 1,497 0 38 38 317 7 39 1,277 343 0 0 0 20 to 49 5,938 166 1,389 0 30 62 350 3 27 3,455 441 0 15 0 Other forest 162 0 108 0 0 0 0 0 21 7 6 0 21 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 11,158 383 3,418 0 96 126 898 13 105 5,227 859 0 36 0

North Central: 120 + 121 15 46 0 0 0 15 0 2 21 24 0 0 0 85 to 119 698 79 103 0 0 2 32 0 17 183 279 0 4 0 50 to 84 1,496 101 150 0 4 14 180 0 48 670 328 0 1 0 20 to 49 1,480 71 409 0 13 16 194 0 136 528 112 0 1 0 Other forest 18 0 11 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 3 0 Reserved 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 3,815 268 719 0 17 32 422 0 204 1,402 744 0 9 0

Southeast: 120 + 381 12 0 46 186 57 27 33 3 0 0 0 16 0 85 to 119 3,337 0 0 648 1,525 283 344 403 51 1 0 0 82 0 50 to 84 9,143 5 0 2,112 3,648 715 843 1,607 50 1 0 0 162 0 20 to 49 1,648 0 0 276 412 208 150 504 16 0 0 0 81 0 Other forest 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 14,512 17 0 3,082 5,771 1,263 1,364 2,548 120 2 0 0 342 0

South Central: 120 + 7,503 5 0 273 3,222 1,210 1,259 1,433 83 0 0 0 19 0 85 to 119 8,623 0 0 498 4,095 1,632 1,467 892 24 0 0 0 16 0 50 to 84 5,529 0 0 355 2,404 966 1,220 538 16 7 0 0 23 0 20 to 49 874 0 0 28 270 121 378 69 3 6 0 0 0 0 Other forest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 22,529 5 0 1,154 9,991 3,929 4,324 2,932 126 13 0 0 58 0

East total: 120 + 8,247 66 91 319 3,426 1,269 1,354 1,466 99 92 31 0 35 0 85 to 119 13,779 122 481 1,146 5,630 1,940 2,021 1,299 98 600 341 0 102 0 50 to 84 19,863 245 1,647 2,467 6,094 1,733 2,560 2,152 153 1,955 671 0 186 0 20 to 49 9,940 237 1,798 304 725 407 1,072 576 181 3,989 552 0 97 0 Other forest 182 0 119 0 0 0 1 1 22 7 7 0 25 0 Reserved 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 52,013 672 4,136 4,236 15,875 5,349 7,008 5,494 553 6,643 1,602 0 445 0 Forest type group

Thousand acres Forest industry

## 77 Table 6—(continued).

Subregion and All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other productivity forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Non- Unclassa types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked knownb

Northeast: 120 + 3,031 315 197 0 67 137 919 38 298 1,032 27 0 0 0 85 to 119 8,039 935 806 0 164 374 3,094 47 181 1,932 501 0 5 0 50 to 84 16,972 2,016 1,156 0 262 700 5,898 104 372 5,491 968 0 5 0 20 to 49 30,282 2,002 1,589 0 560 814 10,058 158 1,164 12,745 1,116 0 78 0 Other forest 1,064 69 138 0 65 64 226 12 191 144 61 0 94 0 Reserved 25 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 7 0 0 0 Total 59,413 5,337 3,892 0 1,118 2,089 20,195 359 2,206 21,356 2,680 0 182 0

North Central: 120 + 3,135 432 207 0 41 68 682 52 517 871 255 0 10 0 85 to 119 11,126 453 351 0 24 73 2,744 54 1,395 3,718 2,278 0 36 0 50 to 84 21,498 433 623 0 43 266 9,576 33 1,704 5,764 3,010 0 45 0 20 to 49 18,323 321 1,466 0 354 496 7,937 160 2,293 4,256 949 0 91 0 Other forest 599 10 87 0 12 76 231 0 50 50 23 0 58 2 Reserved 104 38 26 0 0 0 12 0 14 4 7 0 1 2 Total 54,785 1,687 2,760 0 474 979 21,182 299 5,973 14,663 6,522 0 241 4

Southeast: 120 + 2,490 263 0 114 877 469 580 168 3 0 0 0 16 0 85 to 119 15,197 47 0 1,117 4,149 2,125 5,313 1,981 270 83 0 0 113 0 50 to 84 36,288 95 0 3,369 8,496 5,182 13,122 5,178 279 155 0 0 412 0 20 to 49 6,946 8 5 726 1,084 1,131 2,619 1,123 53 15 0 0 182 0 Other forest 355 0 0 1 0 0 9 109 9 0 0 17 194 15 Reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 61,276 413 5 5,327 14,606 8,907 21,643 8,559 614 253 0 17 917 15

South Central: 120 + 21,639 12 0 345 5,753 3,754 6,991 4,299 380 78 0 0 28 0 85 to 119 24,247 3 0 647 5,415 4,085 9,979 3,694 261 128 0 0 34 0 50 to 84 23,592 11 0 407 2,842 3,453 13,453 2,866 283 184 0 0 93 0 20 to 49 12,772 10 0 79 741 1,163 9,453 685 300 324 0 0 17 0 Other forest 7,971 0 0 0 67 51 3,080 5 17 0 0 4,744 6 0 Reserved 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 Total 90,227 36 0 1,478 14,818 12,506 42,956 11,549 1,241 714 0 4,744 184 0

East total: 120 + 30,295 1,022 404 458 6,737 4,427 9,172 4,557 1,198 1,982 283 0 55 0 85 to 119 58,609 1,438 1,157 1,764 9,751 6,656 21,130 5,778 2,106 5,860 2,779 0 189 0 50 to 84 98,350 2,556 1,779 3,776 11,643 9,601 42,049 8,181 2,638 11,593 3,978 0 556 0 20 to 49 68,323 2,341 3,059 805 2,739 3,603 30,066 2,127 3,810 17,340 2,064 0 367 0 Other forest 9,989 79 225 1 144 192 3,546 126 267 195 84 4,761 352 17 Reserved 135 38 32 0 0 0 12 0 14 16 13 0 7 2
Total 265,701 7,474 6,656 6,804 31,014 24,479 105,975 20,769 10,033 36,986 9,201 4,761 1,526 19

a Productivity classes are displayed as cubic feet per acre per year. b Poorly stocked reserved and other forest lands have insufficient data to determine a forest type. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Thousand acres Nonindustrial private Forest type group

## 78 Table 7—Forest land area in the Eastern and Western United States by rural-urban continuum class and forest type group, 1997

Major Intermediate- Large Small Forest type group Total metro small metro town town Rural

East: White-red-jack pine 11,669 1,958 2,275 452 4,765 2,218 Spruce-fir 17,460 275 2,250 2,436 9,738 2,760 Longleaf-slash pine 13,223 2,726 1,387 384 5,979 2,746 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 52,530 8,851 5,567 1,893 25,295 10,924 Oak-pine 33,901 6,588 3,872 1,087 15,139 7,216 Oak-hickory 130,250 25,809 15,597 2,948 55,276 30,621 Oak-gum-cypress 30,285 5,935 3,891 950 14,341 5,169 Elm-ash-cottonwood 13,004 3,225 1,915 527 5,464 1,873 Maple-beech-birch 54,722 8,255 7,958 4,115 25,503 8,891 Aspen-birch 17,842 514 2,755 1,028 8,893 4,652 Other forest types 4,825 29 105 683 2,051 1,957 Nonstocked 3,075 692 761 63 1,001 558 Unknowna 1,640 458 155 57 436 534

East total: 384,426 65,315 48,490 16,622 173,879 80,120
West: Douglas-fir 41,875 4,489 6,460 4,259 14,515 12,152 Ponderosa pine 33,151 2,193 2,795 4,726 12,237 11,200 Western white pine 591 175 37 12 331 36 Fir-spruce 69,686 2,141 2,057 2,696 10,608 52,185 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 21,418 1,533 1,934 1,119 3,280 13,552 Larch 1,274 4 42 245 657 327 Lodgepole pine 17,515 205 390 2,421 5,337 9,162 Redwood 916 201 302 343 69 0 Other softwoods 42,519 6,264 5,359 3,277 9,541 18,077 Western hardwoods 75,001 3,625 839 484 3,554 66,499 Pinyon-juniper 49,416 2,932 2,920 8,887 17,607 17,070 Chaparral 5,187 3,324 612 29 1,000 221 Nonstocked 3,693 247 372 677 604 1,794 Unknowna 291 36 29 175 25 25

West total: 362,532 27,369 24,148 29,350 79,365 202,299

United States: 746,958 92,684 72,638 45,972 253,245 282,419

a Some low productivity and reserved forest land has not been inventoried and its forest type group remains unclassified. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Predominant county population continuum class

Thousand acres

## 79 Table 8—Area of planted and natural forest land in the Northern, Southern, and Western United States by forest type group and major ownership group, 1997.

Forest type groupa Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural

Northern:

White-red-jack pine 10,991 2,729 8,262 1,185 554 631 2,132 715 1,417 Spruce-fir 17,449 469 16,980 1,838 69 1,769 4,822 112 4,710 Longleaf-slash pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 2,434 252 2,183 233 87 147 496 27 470 Oak-pine 3,794 188 3,606 241 32 209 329 33 296 Oak-hickory 52,062 256 51,806 2,456 14 2,443 6,908 29 6,880 Oak-gum-cypress 812 4 808 8 0 8 130 0 130 Elm-ash-cottonwood 10,651 79 10,571 337 0 337 1,828 14 1,814 Maple-beech-birch 53,565 270 53,295 3,096 18 3,079 7,820 38 7,782 Aspen-birch 17,842 60 17,782 2,159 2 2,156 4,881 3 4,877 Other forest types 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 Nonstocked 716 13 704 54 0 54 195 1 194 Unknown b 10 0 10 0 0 0 6 0 6

Northern Total: 170,326 4,319 166,007 11,608 775 10,833 29,548 973 28,575

Southern:

White-red-jack pine 677 104 573 182 6 175 24 1 23 Spruce-fir 11 0 11 6 0 6 0 0 0 Longleaf-slash pine 13,223 7,839 5,384 903 254 650 1,279 391 888 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 50,096 22,085 28,011 3,064 694 2,371 1,847 370 1,477 Oak-pine 30,107 3,950 26,157 2,002 172 1,830 1,501 88 1,414 Oak-hickory 78,189 1,533 76,656 4,776 94 4,682 3,125 22 3,103 Oak-gum-cypress 29,473 158 29,315 542 0 542 3,342 14 3,329 Elm-ash-cottonwood 2,354 41 2,313 10 0 10 242 0 242 Maple-beech-birch 1,157 8 1,150 152 0 152 25 0 25 Aspen-birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other forest types 4,824 0 4,824 8 0 8 55 0 55 Nonstocked 2,358 87 2,271 191 3 188 665 8 658 Unknown b 1,630 0 1,630 504 0 504 1,111 0 1,111

Southern Total: 214,100 35,805 178,295 12,340 1,223 11,117 13,217 893 12,324

Western c:

Douglas-fir 41,875 7,402 c 34,473 22,598 c c 6,117 c c Ponderosa pine 33,151 2,328 c 30,823 17,386 c c 2,605 c c Western white pine 591 45 c 546 540 c c 9 c c Fir-spruce 69,686 1,216 c 68,470 23,091 c c 21,781 c c Hemlock-Sitka spruce 21,418 194 c 21,224 14,583 c c 3,098 c c Larch 1,274 859 c 415 789 c c 102 c c Lodgepole pine 17,515 988 c 16,527 12,748 c c 2,915 c c Redwood 916 0 c 916 8 c c 259 c c Other softwoods 42,519 195 c 42,324 9,181 c c 11,474 c c Western hardwoods 75,001 397 c 74,604 8,505 c c 53,424 c c Pinyon-juniper 49,416 0 c 49,416 11,430 c c 22,706 c c Chaparral 5,187 0 c 5,187 126 c c 1,695 c c Nonstocked 3,693 0 c 3,693 1,843 c c 468 c c Unknown b 291 0 c 291 0 c c 282 c c

Western Total: 362,532 13,624 c 348,908 122,829 c c 126,933 c c

United States: 746,958 53,748 c 693,210 146,777 c c 169,699 c c All owners National Forest Other public

Thousand acres

## 80 Table 8—(continued).

Forest type groupa Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural

Northern:

White-red-jack pine 650 210 439 7,025 1,249 5,775 Spruce-fir 4,137 85 4,052 6,651 203 6,448 Longleaf-slash pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 114 38 76 1,591 100 1,490 Oak-pine 156 4 152 3,067 119 2,949 Oak-hickory 1,319 25 1,294 41,377 188 41,189 Oak-gum-cypress 13 0 13 660 4 656 Elm-ash-cottonwood 308 0 308 8,178 65 8,113 Maple-beech-birch 6,628 32 6,597 36,020 182 35,838 Aspen-birch 1,602 8 1,593 9,201 46 9,155 Other forest types 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nonstocked 45 3 42 423 9 414 Unknown b 00 0 404

Northern Total: 14,972 405 14,567 114,197 2,166 112,031

Southern:

White-red-jack pine 21 14 7 450 83 367 Spruce-fir 0 0 0 5 0 5 Longleaf-slash pine 4,236 3,491 744 6,805 3,703 3,102 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 15,761 10,946 4,815 29,423 10,075 19,348 Oak-pine 5,192 1,775 3,416 21,412 1,915 19,498 Oak-hickory 5,688 623 5,065 64,599 794 63,805 Oak-gum-cypress 5,480 49 5,431 20,109 95 20,014 Elm-ash-cottonwood 246 15 231 1,856 26 1,830 Maple-beech-birch 14 0 14 966 8 959 Aspen-birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other forest types 0 0 0 4,761 0 4,761 Nonstocked 400 33 367 1,102 43 1,059 Unknown b 0 0 0 15 0 15

Southern Total: 37,040 16,948 20,092 151,503 16,742 134,761

Western c:

Douglas-fir 5,899 c c 7,261 c c Ponderosa pine 2,562 c c 10,597 c c Western white pine 16 c c 26 c c Fir-spruce 1,550 c c 23,265 c c Hemlock-Sitka spruce 1,868 c c 1,869 c c Larch 168 c c 215 c c Lodgepole pine 557 c c 1,296 c c Redwood 399 c c 250 c c Other softwoods 1,991 c c 19,873 c c Western hardwoods 103 c c 12,969 c c Pinyon-juniper 127 c c 15,153 c c Chaparral 91 c c 3,275 c c Nonstocked 343 c c 1,038 c c Unknown b

— c c 9 c c

Western Total: 15,675 c c 97,095 c c

United States: 67,687 c c 362,796 c c

a Forest type reflects the current dominant species by plurality of stocking and may not reflect the actual species planted at the time of stand origin. b Some low productivity and reserved forest land has not been inventoried and its forest type group remains unclassified.

c Approximately 13.6 million acres of forest in the West are planted, primarily to augment natural regeneration after a harvest and assure adequate stocking of desired species. The species planted are usually native, making these stands difficult to detect during field sampling. Additionally, there are thousands of acres of more traditional "plantations" such as those found in the east that are not currently identified during field sampling. Refer to the text accompanying this report for a discussion of planted forest in the west. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Thousand acres Forest industry Nonindustrial private

## 81 Table 9—Forest land area in the United States by average d.b.h. class and forest type group, 1997

UnForest type group Total 1.0-4.9 5.0-9.9 10.0+ determineda

East: White-red-jack pine 11,669 1,502 2,695 7,472 1 Spruce-fir 17,460 6,114 6,504 4,630 211 Longleaf-slash pine 13,223 4,458 4,207 4,502 55 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 52,530 16,795 15,140 20,461 134 Oak-pine 33,901 12,034 8,416 13,417 33 Oak-hickory 130,250 28,311 36,568 63,517 1,854 Oak-gum-cypress 30,285 5,413 6,040 18,170 661 Elm-ash-cottonwood 13,004 3,241 3,764 5,970 29 Maple-beech-birch 54,722 8,770 17,307 28,645 0 Aspen-birch 17,842 6,695 7,182 3,961 4 Other forest types 4,825 0 1 0 4,824 Nonstocked 3,075 2,367 0 0 708 Unknownb 1,640 7 0 8 1,625

East total: 384,426 95,709 107,824 170,754 10,139 West: Douglas-fir 41,875 6,607 3,879 29,586 1,804 Ponderosa pine 33,151 4,095 3,133 24,905 1,017 Western white pine 591 118 47 381 45 Fir-spruce 69,686 14,422 5,577 25,078 24,609 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 21,418 2,312 1,217 13,520 4,369 Larch 1,274 240 254 742 38 Lodgepole pine 17,515 2,944 5,689 6,489 2,394 Redwood 916 32 43 666 174 Other softwoods 75,001 4,801 1,261 2,237 66,702 Western hardwoods 42,519 7,189 12,916 11,447 10,967 Pinyon-juniper 49,416 5,914 16,658 21,492 5,352 Chaparral 5,187 31 10 84 5,061 Nonstocked 3,693 2,652 8 0 1,034 Unknownb 291 0 0 0 291

West total: 362,532 51,358 50,690 136,627 123,857

United States: 746,958 147,066 158,514 307,381 133,996

a Undetermined stands are predominantly in reserved and low productivity forests that currently do not have field data to establish average d.b.h. b Some low productivity and reserved forest land has not been inventoried and its forest type group remains unclassified. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Average d.b.h class (inches)

Thousand acres

## 82 Table 10—Timberland area in the United States by ownership, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

North: Northeast: Connecticut 1997 1,815 249 10 0 0 10 163 77 1,565 0 1,565 1987 1,776 246 16 0 0 16 156 74 1,530 0 1,530 1977 1,806 147 2 0 0 2 120 24 1,659 0 1,659 1963 1,894 155 1 0 0 1 122 32 1,739 3 1,736 1953 1,973 155 1 0 0 1 122 32 1,818 3 1,815 Delaware 1997 376 13 0 0 0 0 13 0 363 31 332 1987 388 14 0 0 0 0 14 0 374 30 344 1977 384 14 1 0 0 1 13 0 370 30 341 1963 391 9 1 0 0 1 8 0 382 25 357 1953 392 13 1 0 0 1 10 2 379 21 358 Maine 1997 16,952 629 51 32 0 20 469 109 16,323 7,298 9,024 1987 17,174 495 76 46 0 30 331 88 16,679 8,286 8,393 1977 16,864 541 73 38 0 36 354 114 16,323 8,083 8,240 1963 16,779 205 66 39 0 27 64 75 16,574 6,521 10,053 1953 16,609 182 90 39 0 51 41 51 16,427 6,617 9,810 Maryland 1997 2,423 281 22 0 0 22 236 23 2,143 137 2,006 1987 2,462 280 22 0 0 22 236 22 2,182 133 2,049 1977 2,523 243 25 0 0 25 185 33 2,280 139 2,141 1963 2,846 214 54 0 0 54 128 32 2,632 57 2,575 1953 2,855 214 54 0 0 54 128 32 2,641 57 2,584 Massachusetts 1997 2,965 480 48 0 0 48 275 157 2,486 71 2,415 1987 3,010 474 40 0 0 40 292 142 2,536 81 2,455 1977 2,798 365 10 0 0 10 240 116 2,432 30 2,402 1963 3,041 399 29 0 0 29 280 90 2,642 30 2,612 1953 3,259 399 29 0 0 29 280 90 2,860 259 2,601 New Hampshire 1997 4,551 793 440 417 0 22 228 125 3,758 513 3,246 1987 4,803 788 536 506 0 30 133 119 4,015 662 3,353 1977 4,692 580 472 459 0 13 79 29 4,112 947 3,165 1963 4,938 697 579 569 0 10 66 52 4,241 793 3,448 1953 4,819 682 585 580 0 5 45 52 4,137 771 3,366 New Jersey 1997 1,864 500 49 0 0 49 351 100 1,364 0 1,364 1987 1,914 533 246 0 0 246 224 63 1,381 0 1,381 1977 1,857 319 28 0 0 28 246 45 1,538 16 1,522 1963 2,262 254 17 0 0 17 237 0 2,008 4 2,004 1953 2,050 181 1 0 0 1 130 50 1,869 4 1,865 New York 1997 15,406 1,154 86 9 0 77 852 215 14,252 1,220 13,032 1987 15,798 1,215 123 6 0 117 899 193 14,583 1,116 13,467 1977 15,405 979 95 6 0 89 721 163 14,426 1,034 13,392 1963 13,417 895 98 0 0 98 714 83 12,522 1,172 11,350 1953 11,952 895 98 0 0 98 714 83 11,057 1,172 9,885 Pennsylvania 1997 15,853 3,519 498 446 0 51 2,788 233 12,334 613 11,721 1987 15,918 3,487 543 478 0 65 2,731 213 12,431 879 11,552 1977 15,924 3,471 503 485 0 18 2,796 173 12,453 964 11,489 1963 16,279 3,300 485 450 0 35 2,659 156 12,979 442 12,537 1953 14,574 3,229 492 454 0 38 2,580 157 11,345 442 10,903 Public Privatea

Thousand acres Federal

## 83 Table 10—(continued)

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal 'forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

Rhode Island 1997 356 69 5 0 0 5 64 0 287 0 287 1987 368 78 3 0 0 3 68 7 290 0 290 1977 395 32 0 0 0 0 20 12 363 0 363 1963 429 26 0 0 0 0 13 13 403 0 403 1953 430 26 0 0 0 0 13 13 404 0 404 Vermont 1997 4,461 593 251 221 0 31 271 70 3,868 227 3,642 1987 4,424 660 251 251 0 0 330 79 3,764 352 3,412 1977 4,430 422 213 209 0 4 168 41 4,008 666 3,342 1963 4,211 329 231 223 0 8 79 19 3,882 528 3,354 1953 3,846 297 199 191 0 8 79 19 3,549 528 3,021 West Virginia 1997 11,900 1,324 1,033 904 0 128 253 38 10,576 887 9,689 1987 11,799 1,320 1,070 916 0 154 250 0 10,479 1,036 9,443 1977 11,484 1,121 892 853 0 39 229 0 10,363 880 9,483 1963 11,389 1,036 883 869 0 14 144 9 10,353 530 9,823 1953 10,276 982 895 881 0 14 83 4 9,294 270 9,024
Northeast total: 1997 78,923 9,603 2,491 2,029 0 462 5,966 1,146 69,320 10,996 58,324 1987 79,834 9,590 2,926 2,203 0 723 5,665 1,000 70,244 12,575 57,669 1977 78,561 8,233 2,312 2,049 0 263 5,171 750 70,328 12,789 57,539 1963 77,875 7,519 2,444 2,150 0 294 4,514 561 70,356 10,105 60,251 1953 73,035 7,255 2,445 2,145 0 300 4,225 585 65,780 10,144 55,636 North Central: Illinois 1997 4,058 417 321 254 0 66 55 42 3,641 13 3,628 1987 4,030 389 292 226 0 66 55 42 3,641 13 3,628 1977 4,033 330 273 211 0 62 22 35 3,703 15 3,688 1963 4,034 240 229 188 0 42 11 0 3,794 17 3,777 1953 3,830 226 216 184 0 32 10 0 3,604 10 3,594 Indiana 1997 4,342 624 373 170 0 203 238 13 3,719 17 3,701 1987 4,296 535 329 166 0 163 177 29 3,761 18 3,743 1977 3,815 410 239 162 0 77 170 1 3,405 27 3,378 1963 3,930 294 177 112 0 65 115 2 3,636 9 3,627 1953 4,015 283 172 112 0 60 109 2 3,732 9 3,723 Iowa 1997 1,944 156 44 0 0 44 74 38 1,788 0 1,788 1987 1,460 102 43 0 0 43 52 7 1,358 0 1,358 1977 1,460 111 55 0 0 55 51 5 1,350 17 1,333 1963 2,000 53 29 3 0 26 22 3 1,947 6 1,940 1953 2,595 36 12 3 0 9 22 2 2,559 0 2,559 Michigan 1997 18,667 6,628 2,643 2,593 0 50 3,728 256 12,039 1,514 10,525 1987 17,364 6,288 2,520 2,475 0 45 3,581 187 11,076 1,966 9,110 1977 18,199 6,360 2,489 2,435 8 45 3,763 109 11,839 2,137 9,702 1963 19,121 6,288 2,509 2,410 9 90 3,695 85 12,832 1,548 11,284 1953 19,121 6,288 2,509 2,410 9 90 3,695 85 12,832 1,548 11,284 Minnesota 1997 14,819 7,680 2,115 1,917 26 172 3,063 2,503 7,139 751 6,388 1987 13,572 6,814 1,826 1,670 44 112 2,654 2,334 6,758 788 5,970 1977 13,695 6,862 1,870 1,715 10 145 2,651 2,342 6,834 772 6,062 1963 15,412 7,638 2,298 2,142 64 92 2,611 2,730 7,774 716 7,058 1953 16,580 8,407 2,338 2,195 49 94 2,450 3,619 8,173 578 7,595 Federal

Thousand acres Privatea Public

## 84 Table 10—(continued)

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

Missouri 1997 13,411 2,052 1,608 1,361 0 246 403 42 11,359 222 11,137 1987 11,995 1,657 1,390 1,303 0 87 242 25 10,338 231 10,107 1977 12,289 1,532 1,313 1,246 0 67 187 32 10,757 362 10,394 1963 13,500 1,571 1,362 1,311 0 51 184 25 11,929 280 11,649 1953 14,300 1,617 1,461 1,339 1 121 156 0 12,683 460 12,223 Ohio 1997 7,568 531 220 216 0 4 227 84 7,036 174 6,862 1987 7,141 423 171 171 0 0 173 79 6,718 186 6,532 1977 6,916 411 168 159 0 9 202 42 6,505 186 6,319 1963 6,041 360 88 88 0 0 231 41 5,681 74 5,607 1953 5,450 297 88 88 0 0 168 41 5,153 30 5,123
Wisconsin 1997 15,701 4,546 1,520 1,363 0 157 744 2,282 11,155 1,102 10,053 1987 14,726 4,167 1,419 1,242 0 177 569 2,179 10,559 1,159 9,400 1977 14,478 4,318 1,383 1,266 0 117 568 2,366 10,161 1,148 9,012 1963 14,693 4,459 1,487 1,372 5 110 541 2,431 10,234 933 9,301 1953 15,349 4,720 1,624 1,357 5 262 444 2,652 10,629 942 9,687 North Central total: 1997 80,510 22,633 8,843 7,874 26 942 8,530 5,260 57,877 3,795 54,082 1987 74,584 20,375 7,990 7,253 44 693 7,503 4,882 54,209 4,361 49,848 1977 74,885 20,333 7,790 7,194 18 578 7,613 4,931 54,552 4,664 49,887 1963 78,731 20,905 8,179 7,626 78 476 7,410 5,316 57,826 3,583 54,243 1953 81,240 21,875 8,420 7,688 64 668 7,054 6,401 59,365 3,577 55,788
North total: 1997 159,433 32,237 11,334 9,904 26 1,404 14,497 6,406 127,197 14,791 112,406 1987 154,418 29,965 10,916 9,456 44 1,416 13,168 5,882 124,453 16,936 107,517 1977 153,446 28,566 10,102 9,243 18 841 12,784 5,681 124,880 17,453 107,426 1963 156,606 28,424 10,623 9,776 78 770 11,924 5,877 128,182 13,688 114,494 1953 154,275 29,130 10,865 9,833 64 968 11,279 6,986 125,145 13,721 111,424 South: Southeast: Florida 1997 14,605 2,786 1,570 984 0 586 1,138 78 11,819 4,016 7,803 1987 14,983 2,434 1,561 990 0 571 814 59 12,549 4,770 7,779 1977 15,843 2,151 1,579 1,005 0 574 532 40 13,692 4,658 9,034 1963 16,830 2,201 1,621 1,030 3 588 540 40 14,629 4,767 9,862 1953 18,135 2,215 1,777 1,035 14 728 382 56 15,920 4,369 11,551 Georgia 1997 23,796 1,751 1,380 711 0 669 260 111 22,045 4,381 17,664 1987 23,660 1,609 1,421 790 0 631 118 70 22,051 4,983 17,068 1977 24,106 1,589 1,453 813 0 640 100 36 22,517 4,629 17,888 1963 26,298 1,813 1,678 746 0 932 111 24 24,485 4,068 20,417 1953 23,969 1,685 1,560 644 0 916 102 23 22,284 4,246 18,038 North Carolina 1997 18,639 1,878 1,448 1,011 0 437 346 84 16,760 2,252 14,508 1987 18,749 1,861 1,440 1,025 0 415 339 82 16,888 2,337 14,551 1977 19,435 1,717 1,319 1,029 0 290 320 78 17,718 2,140 15,578 1963 19,989 1,664 1,291 1,033 0 257 307 66 18,326 2,495 15,831 1953 19,582 1,540 1,251 1,020 0 232 253 36 18,043 2,584 15,459 South Carolina 1997 12,419 1,078 867 524 0 343 177 33 11,341 2,322 9,019 1987 12,179 1,173 913 577 0 336 233 27 11,006 2,626 8,380 1977 12,496 1,085 895 573 0 322 167 23 11,411 2,215 9,196 1963 12,170 1,034 858 564 0 294 153 23 11,137 2,010 9,127 1953 11,884 955 802 563 0 239 128 25 10,929 1,650 9,279 Federal

Thousand acres Public Privatea

## 85 Table 10—(continued)

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

Virginia 1997 15,345 1,880 1,586 1,365 0 221 211 83 13,465 1,537 11,927 1987 15,570 1,993 1,707 1,486 0 221 209 77 13,577 1,834 11,743 1977 15,939 1,921 1,669 1,424 0 245 183 69 14,018 1,670 12,348 1963 15,752 1,536 1,395 1,203 0 192 88 52 14,218 1,454 12,764 1953 15,497 1,493 1,355 1,198 0 157 86 52 14,004 1,095 12,909 Southeast total: 1997 84,803 9,373 6,851 4,594 0 2,257 2,133 389 75,430 14,508 60,922 1987 85,141 9,070 7,042 4,868 0 2,174 1,713 315 76,071 16,550 59,521 1977 87,818 8,462 6,914 4,843 0 2,071 1,303 246 79,356 15,312 64,044 1963 91,040 8,246 6,842 4,575 3 2,264 1,199 205 82,794 14,794 68,000 1953 89,067 7,887 6,745 4,459 14 2,272 951 192 81,180 13,944 67,236 South Central: Alabama 1997 21,911 1,130 823 573 0 250 212 95 20,781 4,796 15,985 1987 21,659 1,161 951 689 5 257 147 63 20,498 4,464 16,034 1977 21,498 1,091 860 659 0 201 172 59 20,407 4,330 16,077 1963 21,744 1,003 800 630 3 167 157 46 20,741 3,818 16,923 1953 20,756 968 791 616 10 165 150 27 19,788 3,138 16,650 Arkansas 1997 18,392 3,275 2,813 2,350 0 463 394 67 15,118 4,498 10,620 1987 16,673 3,011 2,659 2,329 0 330 311 41 13,662 4,240 9,422 1977 16,793 2,918 2,658 2,350 1 307 240 20 13,875 4,156 9,719 1963 19,971 2,856 2,651 2,385 3 263 194 11 17,115 4,007 13,108 1953 19,627 2,916 2,799 2,292 122 385 115 2 16,711 4,157 12,554 Kentucky 1997 12,347 1,004 863 628 0 235 141 0 11,344 205 11,139 1987 11,909 890 856 583 0 273 34 0 11,019 205 10,814 1977 11,902 895 819 589 0 230 76 1 11,007 255 10,752 1963 11,651 652 575 438 0 137 77 0 10,999 308 10,691 1953 11,497 725 672 455 0 217 53 0 10,772 308 10,464 Louisiana 1997 13,693 1,214 707 477 0 230 300 207 12,479 3,899 8,579 1987 13,872 1,331 833 621 0 212 330 168 12,541 3,603 8,938 1977 14,292 1,024 715 581 1 133 299 10 13,268 3,773 9,495 1963 16,036 883 704 575 11 118 174 5 15,153 3,032 12,121 1953 16,039 848 666 535 4 127 177 5 15,191 3,166 12,025 Mississippi 1997 18,587 1,936 1,526 1,091 0 435 311 100 16,651 3,241 13,411 1987 16,674 1,720 1,488 1,240 0 248 100 132 14,954 2,864 12,090 1977 16,504 1,663 1,202 1,121 1 80 95 366 14,841 2,995 11,846 1963 17,044 1,708 1,255 1,109 4 142 55 398 15,336 2,526 12,810 1953 16,853 1,709 1,235 1,036 4 195 54 420 15,144 2,461 12,683 Oklahoma 1997 6,234 574 435 214 0 221 118 21 5,659 1,049 4,610 1987 6,087 586 464 243 0 221 115 7 5,501 1,046 4,455 1977 5,536 448 342 219 0 123 91 15 5,088 1,009 4,079 1963 4,892 427 291 223 3 65 136 0 4,465 865 3,600 1953 5,075 494 309 213 7 89 185 0 4,581 889 3,692 Tennessee 1997 13,265 1,509 1,027 556 0 471 422 59 11,757 1,122 10,635 1987 12,840 1,360 958 581 6 371 373 29 11,480 1,220 10,260 1977 12,862 1,161 856 558 0 298 283 22 11,701 1,212 10,489 1963 13,365 1,199 834 591 0 243 344 21 12,166 923 11,243 1953 12,551 1,114 806 564 0 242 298 10 11,437 713 10,724 Thousand acres Federal Public Privatea

## 86 Table 10—(continued)

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

Texas 1997 11,766 776 661 569 0 92 68 47 10,990 3,720 7,271 1987 12,414 795 708 610 0 98 75 12 11,619 3,796 7,823 1977 12,426 773 717 576 0 141 49 7 11,653 3,818 7,835 1963 12,960 832 780 623 0 157 50 2 12,128 3,362 8,766 1953 13,081 782 745 654 0 91 35 2 12,299 3,019 9,280 South Central total: 1997 116,196 11,417 8,855 6,457 0 2,397 1,966 597 104,778 22,529 82,249 1987 112,128 10,854 8,917 6,896 11 2,010 1,485 452 101,274 21,438 79,836 1977 111,812 9,973 8,169 6,653 3 1,513 1,305 500 101,839 21,548 80,291 1963 117,663 9,560 7,890 6,574 24 1,292 1,187 483 108,103 18,841 89,262 1953 115,479 9,556 8,023 6,365 147 1,511 1,067 466 105,923 17,851 88,072 South total: 1997 200,999 20,791 15,706 11,052 0 4,654 4,099 986 180,208 37,037 143,171 1987 197,269 19,924 15,959 11,764 11 4,184 3,198 767 177,345 37,988 139,357 1977 199,630 18,435 15,083 11,496 3 3,584 2,608 746 181,195 36,860 144,335 1963 208,703 17,806 14,732 11,149 27 3,556 2,386 688 190,897 33,635 157,262 1953 204,546 17,443 14,768 10,824 161 3,783 2,018 658 187,103 31,795 155,308 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 1997 1,491 92 53 0 0 53 32 8 1,399 0 1,399 1987 1,207 46 37 0 0 37 7 2 1,161 0 1,161 1977 1,187 37 27 0 0 27 8 2 1,151 0 1,151 1963 1,194 37 27 0 0 27 8 2 1,158 0 1,158 1953 1,208 27 27 0 0 27 0 0 1,181 0 1,181 Nebraska 1997 898 108 48 47 0 2 50 10 790 0 790 1987 537 55 29 29 0 0 22 4 482 0 482 1977 593 54 43 29 0 14 10 1 539 0 539 1963 675 52 42 28 0 14 10 1 623 0 623 1953 734 56 45 28 0 17 11 1 678 0 678 North Dakota 1997 442 55 28 14 0 14 26 0 387 0 387 1987 338 36 12 0 0 12 22 2 302 0 302 1977 405 63 53 0 0 53 10 0 342 0 342 1963 424 65 55 0 1 54 10 0 359 0 359 1953 451 68 57 0 1 57 11 0 383 0 383 South Dakota 1997 1,487 1,001 946 938 0 8 54 1 485 0 485 1987 1,447 1,005 915 914 0 1 87 3 442 21 421 1977 1,467 1,038 965 953 6 6 70 3 429 16 413 1963 1,541 1,039 973 957 7 9 66 0 502 17 485 1953 1,621 1,037 970 951 7 11 67 0 585 17 568 Great Plains total: 1997 4,317 1,256 1,076 999 0 76 162 18 3,062 0 3,062 1987 3,529 1,142 993 943 0 50 138 11 2,387 21 2,366 1977 3,652 1,190 1,087 982 6 99 98 5 2,462 16 2,446 1963 3,834 1,192 1,097 985 8 104 94 2 2,641 17 2,624 1953 4,014 1,188 1,099 979 8 112 88 1 2,827 17 2,809 Intermountain: Arizona 1997 4,073 2,775 2,763 2,720 20 23 12 0 1,297 0 1,297 1987 3,789 2,527 2,515 2,471 20 24 12 0 1,262 0 1,262 1977 3,896 2,513 2,480 2,462 18 0 32 2 1,382 0 1,382 1963 3,693 2,382 2,349 2,347 2 0 32 2 1,311 0 1,311 1953 3,621 2,304 2,271 2,269 2 0 32 2 1,317 0 1,317 Federal

Thousand acres Public Privatea

## 87 Table 10—(continued)

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

Colorado 1997 11,555 8,331 7,968 6,885 1,069 14 311 52 3,224 0 3,224 1987 11,740 8,464 8,144 7,062 1,074 8 274 46 3,276 0 3,276 1977 11,315 8,166 7,933 7,506 422 5 189 45 3,148 15 3,134 1963 12,359 9,128 8,893 8,474 414 5 189 45 3,231 15 3,216 1953 12,283 9,038 8,802 8,382 416 5 190 45 3,245 15 3,231 Idaho 1997 17,123 13,901 12,896 12,354 512 29 980 25 3,222 1,284 1,938 1987 14,534 11,397 10,310 9,705 558 47 1,036 51 3,137 1,198 1,939 1977 13,541 10,450 9,570 9,153 409 8 861 19 3,091 947 2,144 1963 15,725 12,643 11,761 11,251 503 8 864 19 3,082 950 2,133 1953 15,540 12,445 11,558 11,046 505 8 867 19 3,095 954 2,142 Montana 1997 19,164 13,207 12,485 11,602 783 100 715 7 5,957 1,618 4,340 1987 14,737 9,382 8,742 8,300 431 11 638 2 5,355 1,703 3,652 1977 14,359 9,169 8,635 8,162 420 53 530 5 5,190 1,055 4,135 1963 16,830 11,629 11,093 10,560 480 53 531 5 5,201 1,059 4,143 1953 16,753 11,529 10,992 10,456 482 54 533 5 5,224 1,063 4,161 Nevada 1997 169 86 70 57 5 8 16 0 82 25 57 1987 221 109 106 99 6 1 3 0 112 0 112 1977 134 66 61 61 0 0 3 1 69 8 60 1963 142 73 68 68 0 0 3 1 69 8 61 1953 142 73 68 68 0 0 3 1 69 8 61
New Mexico 1997 4,833 2,875 2,778 2,733 44 0 84 13 1,958 0 1,958 1987 5,180 3,005 2,893 2,863 30 0 112 0 2,175 5 2,170 1977 5,538 3,037 2,867 2,818 39 9 171 0 2,500 0 2,500 1963 5,746 3,198 3,026 2,941 77 9 172 0 2,549 138 2,411 1953 5,627 3,067 2,895 2,809 77 9 172 0 2,559 138 2,421 Utah 1997 4,700 3,822 3,603 3,265 338 0 212 7 878 0 878 1987 3,078 2,481 2,314 2,108 175 31 150 17 597 0 597 1977 3,405 2,670 2,431 2,277 154 0 239 0 735 0 735 1963 3,872 3,051 2,811 2,657 155 0 240 0 821 0 821 1953 3,882 3,058 2,817 2,662 155 0 241 0 824 0 824 Wyoming 1997 5,085 3,641 3,438 2,964 474 0 203 0 1,444 0 1,444 1987 4,332 2,888 2,685 2,211 474 0 203 0 1,444 37 1,407 1977 4,334 3,355 3,245 3,045 200 0 111 0 979 54 925 1963 4,721 3,739 3,628 3,233 395 0 111 0 982 55 927 1953 4,738 3,752 3,641 3,244 397 0 112 0 986 55 932 Intermountain total: 1997 66,701 48,638 46,001 42,580 3,245 175 2,534 103 18,063 2,926 15,137 1987 57,611 40,253 37,709 34,819 2,768 122 2,428 116 17,358 2,943 14,415 1977 56,521 39,427 37,220 35,483 1,663 74 2,136 71 17,094 2,079 15,014 1963 63,086 45,842 43,629 41,530 2,025 75 2,142 72 17,244 2,223 15,021 1953 62,585 45,267 43,044 40,935 2,033 75 2,152 72 17,318 2,233 15,086 Rocky Mountain total: 1997 71,018 49,893 47,076 43,579 3,246 252 2,696 121 21,125 2,926 18,199 1987 61,140 41,395 38,702 35,762 2,768 172 2,566 127 19,745 2,964 16,781 1977 60,173 40,617 38,307 36,465 1,669 173 2,234 76 19,556 2,095 17,460 1963 66,920 47,034 44,726 42,515 2,033 179 2,236 74 19,885 2,240 17,645 1953 66,599 46,455 44,143 41,914 2,041 187 2,240 73 20,145 2,250 17,895 Public

Federal Privatea

Thousand acres

## 88 Table 10—(continued)

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 1997 12,395 8,605 4,306 3,780 407 119 4,279 20 3,790 0 3,790 1987 15,763 9,578 4,936 4,476 336 124 4,622 20 6,185 0 6,185 1977 19,722 19,164 15,751 6,529 9,096 126 3,396 17 558 0 558 1963 20,119 19,729 19,444 6,828 12,490 126 280 5 390 0 390 1953 20,342 20,086 20,007 6,873 13,008 126 75 4 257 0 257 Alaska total: 1997 12,395 8,605 4,306 3,780 407 119 4,279 20 3,790 0 3,790 1987 15,763 9,578 4,936 4,476 336 124 4,622 20 6,185 0 6,185 1977 19,722 19,164 15,751 6,529 9,096 126 3,396 17 558 0 558 1963 20,119 19,729 19,444 6,828 12,490 126 280 5 390 0 390 1953 20,342 20,086 20,007 6,873 13,008 126 75 4 257 0 257 Pacific Northwest: Oregon 1997 23,749 15,123 14,217 11,999 2,213 6 815 91 8,626 5,012 3,613 1987 22,801 14,107 13,178 10,868 2,304 6 827 102 8,694 5,114 3,580 1977 24,211 14,743 13,817 11,633 2,178 6 820 106 9,468 5,522 3,946 1963 25,623 15,233 14,296 12,065 2,224 7 797 140 10,390 5,088 5,302 1953 25,688 14,706 13,654 11,296 2,350 8 797 255 10,982 4,661 6,321 Washington 1997 17,418 8,464 6,209 6,036 33 139 2,035 220 8,954 4,109 4,845 1987 17,514 7,941 5,691 5,524 37 130 2,025 225 9,573 4,588 4,985 1977 17,922 7,648 5,382 5,167 47 168 2,084 182 10,274 4,319 5,955 1963 18,860 8,118 5,829 5,594 93 142 2,100 189 10,742 4,338 6,404 1953 19,188 8,191 5,882 5,595 174 113 2,095 214 10,997 4,385 6,612 Pacific Northwest total: 1997 41,167 23,587 20,426 18,035 2,246 145 2,850 310 17,580 9,121 8,458 1987 40,315 22,048 18,869 16,392 2,341 136 2,852 327 18,267 9,702 8,565 1977 42,133 22,391 19,199 16,800 2,225 174 2,904 288 19,742 9,841 9,901 1963 44,483 23,351 20,125 17,659 2,317 149 2,897 329 21,132 9,426 11,706 1953 44,876 22,897 19,536 16,891 2,524 121 2,892 469 21,979 9,046 12,933 Pacific Southwest: California 1997 17,952 10,516 10,319 10,086 218 15 159 38 7,437 2,982 4,455 1987 16,712 9,158 9,051 8,742 300 9 95 12 7,554 2,757 4,797 1977 16,303 8,540 8,434 8,168 226 40 79 27 7,763 2,687 5,076 1963 17,198 9,316 9,244 8,918 286 40 67 5 7,882 2,445 5,437 1953 17,127 8,931 8,730 8,372 318 40 193 8 8,196 2,167 6,029 Hawaii 1997 700 338 0 0 0 0 336 2 362 0 362 1987 700 338 0 0 0 0 336 2 362 0 362 1977 948 454 12 0 0 12 442 0 494 0 494 1963 1,089 496 9 0 0 9 487 0 593 0 593 1953 1,089 496 9 0 0 9 487 0 593 0 593 Pacific Southwest total: 1997 18,652 10,854 10,319 10,086 218 15 495 40 7,798 2,982 4,816 1987 17,412 9,496 9,051 8,742 300 9 431 14 7,916 2,757 5,159 1977 17,251 8,994 8,446 8,168 226 52 521 27 8,257 2,687 5,570 1963 18,287 9,812 9,253 8,918 286 49 554 5 8,475 2,445 6,030 1953 18,216 9,427 8,739 8,372 318 49 680 8 8,789 2,167 6,622 Privatea

Federal Public

Thousand acres

## 89 Table 10—(continued)

Bureau County Region, All of Land and Nonsubregion, owner- Total Total National Manage- muni- Total Forest industrial and State Year ships public Federal forest ment Other State cipal private industry private

Pacific Coast total: 1997 72,214 43,046 35,052 31,901 2,871 279 7,624 370 29,168 12,103 17,064 1987 73,490 41,122 32,856 29,610 2,977 269 7,905 361 32,368 12,459 19,909 1977 79,106 50,549 43,396 31,497 11,547 352 6,821 332 28,557 12,528 16,029 1963 82,889 52,892 48,822 33,405 15,093 324 3,731 339 29,997 11,871 18,126 1953 83,434 52,140 48,282 32,136 15,850 296 3,647 481 31,025 11,213 19,812

United States: 1997 503,664 145,967 109,168 96,435 6,143 6,590 28,915 7,883 357,698 66,858 290,840 1987 486,317 132,406 98,433 86,592 5,800 6,041 26,837 7,137 353,911 70,347 283,564 1977 492,355 138,169 106,887 88,701 13,237 4,949 24,447 6,835 354,186 68,937 285,249 1963 515,118 146,157 118,903 96,845 17,230 4,828 20,277 6,977 368,962 61,434 307,528 1953 508,854 145,436 118,056 94,707 18,116 5,234 19,183 8,197 363,419 58,979 304,440

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Thousand acres Public Privatea

Federal

## 90 Table 11—Timberland area in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997

Region, Non- Region, Nonsubregion, All National Other Forest industrial subregion, All National Other Forest industrial and State ownerships forest public industry private and State ownerships forest public industry private

North: Rocky Mountain: Northeast: Great Plains: Connecticut 1,815 0 249 0 1,565 Kansas 1,491 0 92 0 1,399 Delaware 376 0 13 31 332 Nebraska 898 47 61 0 790 Maine 16,952 32 598 7,298 9,024 North Dakota 442 14 41 0 387 Maryland 2,423 0 281 137 2,006 South Dakota 1,487 938 63 0 485 Massachusetts 2,965 0 480 71 2,415 Total 4,317 999 257 0 3,062 New Hampshire 4,551 417 375 513 3,246 New Jersey 1,864 0 500 0 1,364 Intermountain: New York 15,406 9 1,144 1,220 13,032 Arizona 4,073 2,720 55 0 1,297 Pennsylvania 15,853 446 3,072 613 11,721 Colorado 11,555 6,885 1,446 0 3,224 Rhode Island 356 0 69 0 287 Idaho 17,123 12,354 1,547 1,284 1,938 Vermont 4,461 221 372 227 3,642 Montana 19,164 11,602 1,605 1,618 4,340 West Virginia 11,900 904 420 887 9,689 Nevada 169 57 30 25 57 Total 78,923 2,029 7,574 10,996 58,324 New Mexico 4,833 2,733 141 0 1,958 Utah 4,700 3,265 557 0 878 North Central: Wyoming 5,085 2,964 677 0 1,444 Illinois 4,058 254 163 13 3,628 Total 66,701 42,580 6,058 2,926 15,137 Indiana 4,342 170 454 17 3,701 Rocky Mountain Total: 71,018 43,579 6,315 2,926 18,199 Iowa 1,944 0 156 0 1,788 Michigan 18,667 2,593 4,034 1,514 10,525 Pacific Coast: Minnesota 14,819 1,917 5,763 751 6,388 Alaska: Missouri 13,411 1,361 691 222 11,137 Alaska 12,395 3,780 4,825 0 3,790 Ohio 7,568 216 316 174 6,862 Total 12,395 3,780 4,825 0 3,790 Wisconsin 15,701 1,363 3,183 1,102 10,053 Total 80,510 7,874 14,759 3,795 54,082 Pacific Northwest: North total: 159,433 9,904 22,333 14,791 112,406 Oregon 23,749 11,999 3,125 5,012 3,613 Washington 17,418 6,036 2,427 4,109 4,845 South: Total 41,167 18,035 5,552 9,121 8,458 Southeast: Florida 14,605 984 1,802 4,016 7,803 Pacific Southwest: Georgia 23,796 711 1,040 4,381 17,664 California 17,952 10,086 430 2,982 4,455 North Carolina 18,639 1,011 868 2,252 14,508 Hawaii 700 0 338 0 362 South Carolina 12,419 524 554 2,322 9,019 Total 18,652 10,086 768 2,982 4,816 Virginia 15,345 1,365 515 1,537 11,927 Pacific Coast total: 72,214 31,901 11,145 12,103 17,064 Total 84,803 4,594 4,779 14,508 60,922 United States: 503,664 96,435 49,532 66,858 290,840 South Central: Alabama 21,911 573 557 4,796 15,985 Arkansas 18,392 2,350 925 4,498 10,620 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Kentucky 12,347 628 376 205 11,139 Louisiana 13,693 477 738 3,899 8,579 Mississippi 18,587 1,091 845 3,241 13,411 Oklahoma 6,234 214 360 1,049 4,610 Tennessee 13,265 556 953 1,122 10,635 Texas 11,766 569 207 3,720 7,271 Total 116,196 6,457 4,960 22,529 82,249 South total: 200,999 11,052 9,739 37,037 143,171 Ownership group Ownership group

Thousand acres Thousand acres

## 91 Table 12—Timberland area in the Eastern United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand-age class, 1997

All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other Subregion and forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Nonstand-age class types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked
(Years) Northeast: 0 to 19 3,209 89 512 0 83 35 467 6 109 1,412 460 0 37 20 to 39 9,138 695 956 0 319 248 1,963 63 713 3,311 833 0 37 40 to 59 15,067 1,382 877 0 555 767 5,476 117 571 4,577 745 0 0 60 to 79 17,632 1,111 1,305 0 265 608 6,890 121 282 6,486 565 0 0 80 to 99 10,775 738 855 0 75 157 4,029 36 164 4,389 332 0 0 100 to 149 4,376 347 945 0 17 95 1,216 3 57 1,637 58 0 0 150 to 199 172 6 112 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 7 0 0 200 and older 20 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Uneven aged 18,536 1,911 1,996 0 236 515 4,384 79 411 8,181 793 0 29 Total 78,923 6,278 7,578 0 1,550 2,425 24,426 425 2,307 30,040 3,792 0 104
North Central: 0 to 19 11,180 813 741 0 92 160 2,392 18 881 2,527 3,317 0 239 20 to 39 14,400 1,295 1,619 0 208 253 3,363 71 1,668 3,057 2,832 0 33 40 to 59 20,426 1,223 1,840 0 229 362 5,926 84 2,042 4,944 3,761 0 14 60 to 79 17,205 499 1,582 0 104 228 6,051 84 1,626 4,615 2,409 0 6 80 to 99 9,037 256 927 0 46 99 4,081 49 687 2,366 522 0 3 100 to 149 4,872 118 790 0 8 36 1,915 12 358 1,499 138 0 0 150 to 199 231 2 93 0 0 0 49 4 13 65 5 0 0 200 and older 25 5 8 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 4 0 0 Uneven aged 3,135 23 6 0 26 31 1,477 23 415 1,091 37 0 5 Total 80,510 4,234 7,607 0 713 1,170 25,252 345 7,694 20,170 13,025 0 300
Southeast: 0 to 19 28,276 77 0 4,608 10,350 4,265 5,587 2,254 145 11 0 0 979 20 to 39 17,347 122 0 2,906 6,219 2,173 3,838 1,819 164 12 0 0 95 40 to 59 18,468 129 7 1,552 4,152 2,595 6,583 3,119 221 56 0 0 56 60 to 79 13,805 145 4 781 1,270 1,690 6,488 3,072 165 163 0 0 25 80 to 99 4,863 36 0 138 192 519 2,463 1,388 65 54 0 0 7 100 to 149 480 5 0 10 3 32 277 152 0 0 0 0 2 150 to 199 1,560 23 0 2 42 108 830 504 12 38 0 0 1 200 and older 4 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 84,803 538 11 9,997 22,227 11,386 26,066 12,307 772 334 0 0 1,165
South Central: 0 to 19 28,562 11 0 1,031 11,816 5,052 8,520 1,599 251 25 0 0 256 20 to 39 37,294 54 0 1,625 11,573 8,156 12,555 2,889 320 112 0 0 10 40 to 59 30,309 25 0 393 3,463 4,306 15,515 6,003 417 186 0 0 0 60 to 79 11,249 10 0 68 467 559 5,536 4,242 205 162 0 0 0 80 to 99 3,680 0 0 15 52 178 2,066 1,167 107 97 0 0 0 100 to 149 9 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 to 199 685 0 0 0 0 13 644 0 6 21 0 0 0 200 and older 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Uneven aged 4,408 7 0 0 121 159 3,404 288 221 208 0 0 0 Total 116,196 107 0 3,131 27,492 18,423 48,249 16,188 1,527 812 0 0 266
East total: 0 to 19 71,227 989 1,253 5,639 22,341 9,512 16,966 3,877 1,386 3,975 3,777 0 1,511 20 to 39 78,179 2,166 2,575 4,531 18,320 10,829 21,719 4,842 2,865 6,492 3,665 0 176 40 to 59 84,270 2,759 2,723 1,945 8,399 8,031 33,499 9,322 3,251 9,763 4,506 0 70 60 to 79 59,891 1,765 2,892 849 2,105 3,086 24,965 7,519 2,277 11,427 2,974 0 31 80 to 99 28,355 1,031 1,782 152 365 953 12,638 2,640 1,023 6,906 853 0 11 100 to 149 9,737 469 1,736 10 28 163 3,417 166 415 3,136 196 0 2 150 to 199 2,647 31 205 2 42 121 1,523 508 31 171 12 0 1 200 and older 49 5 28 0 0 4 0 0 2 6 4 0 0 Uneven aged 26,079 1,941 2,002 0 383 705 9,266 391 1,048 9,480 830 0 34 Total 360,432 11,157 15,196 13,129 51,982 33,404 123,992 29,265 12,299 51,356 16,818 0 1,835
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 92 Table 13—Timberland area in the Western United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand age class, 1997

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western stand age class forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole Red- soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- (Years) types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood woods woods juniper arral stocked

Great Plains: 0 to 19 449 0 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 79 309 0 0 12 20 to 39 928 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 93 813 0 0 3 40 to 59 952 0 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 66 840 0 0 4 60 to 79 863 0 122 0 1 0 0 0 0 148 588 0 0 5 80 to 99 738 0 262 0 11 0 0 0 0 182 275 0 0 8 100 to 149 276 0 265 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 150 to 199 95 0 93 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200 and older 17 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 Total 4,317 0 870 0 23 0 0 0 0 568 2,826 0 0 30
Intermountain: 0 to 19 6,684 1,654 1,790 47 1,226 118 100 698 0 149 761 64 0 77 20 to 39 2,691 534 388 30 764 55 84 337 0 80 415 4 0 0 40 to 59 5,750 1,521 1,311 39 939 235 93 768 0 70 774 2 0 0 60 to 79 13,384 3,423 3,769 0 1,855 314 231 1,971 0 146 1,628 47 0 0 80 to 99 14,976 3,925 3,848 15 2,562 387 177 2,321 0 136 1,567 38 0 0 100 to 149 15,123 4,136 2,675 0 4,131 264 114 2,571 0 291 770 170 0 0 150 to 199 6,077 1,844 902 0 1,934 113 65 830 0 296 52 41 0 0 200 and older 2,016 608 201 0 801 23 10 200 0 170 4 0 0 0 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 Total 66,701 17,645 14,882 131 14,213 1,510 873 9,696 0 1,338 5,970 365 0 77
Alaska: 0 to 19 505 0 0 0 47 249 0 0 0 0 156 0 0 53 20 to 39 1,325 0 0 0 135 37 0 0 0 3 1,112 0 0 39 40 to 59 2,152 0 0 0 898 57 0 0 0 79 1,115 0 0 4 60 to 79 1,145 0 0 0 484 15 0 0 0 18 629 0 0 0 80 to 99 1,086 0 0 0 443 286 0 0 0 7 351 0 0 0 100 to 149 1,225 0 0 0 418 136 0 0 0 38 600 0 0 33 150 to 199 937 0 0 0 543 286 0 0 0 3 105 0 0 0 200 and older 3,829 0 0 0 59 3,753 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 14 Uneven aged 190 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 8 94 0 0 8 Total 12,395 0 0 0 3,107 4,818 0 0 0 155 4,165 0 0 150
Pacific Northwest: 0 to 19 7,090 3,211 629 7 416 859 18 399 0 35 836 77 0 604 20 to 39 5,414 2,545 283 13 188 915 10 157 0 26 1,263 0 0 13 40 to 59 6,148 2,797 696 6 203 852 29 364 6 7 1,154 8 0 27 60 to 79 5,460 2,210 1,216 0 461 436 86 390 0 6 602 45 0 8 80 to 99 4,884 1,798 1,269 4 582 337 58 415 0 34 343 42 0 3 100 to 149 6,913 2,584 1,428 15 1,270 608 50 500 0 70 304 69 0 14 150 to 199 2,942 1,009 549 4 661 440 27 122 0 21 91 19 0 0 200 and older 2,315 759 217 4 497 625 8 60 0 14 119 8 0 5 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 Total 41,167 16,912 6,286 52 4,278 5,072 288 2,407 6 213 4,712 267 0 675 Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 93 Table 13—(continued).

Subregion and All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western stand age class forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole Red- soft- hard- Pinyon- Chap- Non- (Years) types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood woods woods juniper arral stocked

Pacific Southwest: 0 to 19 2,417 167 561 3 79 0 0 9 44 465 556 5 0 528 20 to 39 1,138 165 278 0 29 0 0 0 171 11 484 0 0 0 40 to 59 1,611 83 578 0 36 7 0 8 202 73 624 0 0 0 60 to 79 2,063 95 1,027 18 122 0 0 17 144 2 638 0 0 0 80 to 99 2,496 171 1,269 0 360 0 0 33 58 68 538 0 0 0 100 to 149 5,271 274 2,591 22 1,377 1 0 43 49 401 512 0 0 0 150 to 199 2,232 631 626 17 684 4 0 30 8 123 110 0 0 0 200 and older 1,425 391 338 36 248 0 0 25 56 255 75 0 0 0 Uneven aged 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 Total 18,652 1,977 7,267 95 2,936 12 0 165 732 1,398 3,536 5 0 528
West total: 0 to 19 17,144 5,032 3,029 57 1,768 1,226 118 1,107 44 727 2,618 146 0 1,273 20 to 39 11,497 3,244 968 43 1,117 1,007 94 495 171 212 4,087 4 0 55 40 to 59 16,613 4,401 2,626 44 2,076 1,151 122 1,139 208 295 4,507 9 0 35 60 to 79 22,915 5,729 6,133 18 2,923 765 317 2,378 144 320 4,085 91 0 13 80 to 99 24,180 5,894 6,648 19 3,958 1,009 235 2,769 58 427 3,073 80 0 11 100 to 149 28,807 6,994 6,959 37 7,206 1,009 164 3,114 49 801 2,188 238 0 47 150 to 199 12,283 3,484 2,170 21 3,824 842 92 982 8 443 357 61 0 0 200 and older 9,602 1,758 773 39 1,604 4,401 19 285 56 438 201 8 0 19 Uneven aged 190 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 8 94 0 0 8 Total 143,232 36,534 29,305 278 24,557 11,411 1,161 12,269 738 3,671 21,210 638 0 1,460
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 94 Table 14—Timberland area in the United States by forest type group, subregion, and stand size class, 1997

All White- Longleaf- Loblolly- Oak- Elm-ash- Maple- Other Subregion and forest red-jack Spruce- slash shortleaf Oak- Oak- gum- cotton- beech- Aspen- forest Nonstand size class types pine fir pine pine pine hickory cypress wood birch birch types stocked

Northeast: Nonstocked 104 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 104 Seedling-sapling 12,285 353 2,111 0 344 259 2,588 82 620 4,420 1,508 0 0 Poletimber 26,022 1,053 2,993 0 516 874 7,882 129 812 10,001 1,763 0 0 Sawtimber 40,513 4,871 2,474 0 690 1,291 13,956 214 875 15,619 521 0 0 Total 78,923 6,278 7,578 0 1,550 2,425 24,426 425 2,307 30,040 3,792 0 104
North Central: Nonstocked 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300 Seedling-sapling 19,640 1,007 3,088 0 165 278 4,269 18 1,827 4,023 4,965 0 1 Poletimber 25,025 1,458 2,740 0 210 382 6,727 60 2,291 6,314 4,842 0 0 Sawtimber 35,545 1,769 1,779 0 338 510 14,257 267 3,576 9,833 3,218 0 0 Total 80,510 4,234 7,607 0 713 1,170 25,252 345 7,694 20,170 13,025 0 300
Southeast: Nonstocked 1,165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,165 Seedling-sapling 25,511 51 4 3,646 7,764 4,794 6,348 2,737 157 10 0 0 0 Poletimber 22,385 69 5 3,365 6,993 2,457 6,435 2,853 162 46 0 0 0 Sawtimber 35,742 417 2 2,986 7,470 4,135 13,283 6,717 453 278 0 0 0 Total 84,803 538 11 9,997 22,227 11,386 26,066 12,307 772 334 0 0 1,165
South Central: Nonstocked 266 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 266 Seedling-sapling 33,111 24 0 810 8,407 6,587 14,344 2,477 341 121 0 0 0 Poletimber 30,018 7 0 841 7,293 4,566 13,882 2,884 312 233 0 0 0 Sawtimber 52,801 76 0 1,481 11,792 7,271 20,023 10,827 873 459 0 0 0 Total 116,196 107 0 3,131 27,492 18,423 48,249 16,188 1,527 812 0 0 266
East total: Nonstocked 1,834 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,834 Seedling-sapling 90,547 1,436 5,203 4,455 16,680 11,918 27,548 5,314 2,945 8,574 6,473 0 1 Poletimber 103,450 2,588 5,738 4,207 15,012 8,279 34,926 5,926 3,577 16,594 6,604 0 0 Sawtimber 164,601 7,133 4,255 4,467 20,291 13,207 61,518 18,025 5,777 26,188 3,740 0 0

Total 360,432 11,157 15,196 13,129 51,982 33,404 123,992 29,265 12,299 51,356 16,818 0 1,835 Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 95 Table 14—(continued).

All Pon- Western Hemlock- Lodge- Other Western Subregion and forest Douglas- derosa white Fir- Sitka pole Red- soft- hard- Pinyon
- Chap- Nonstand size class types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood woods woods juniper arral stocked

Great Plains: Nonstocked 53 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 30 Seedling-sapling 761 0 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 148 578 0 0 0 Poletimber 1,254 0 229 0 2 0 0 0 0 122 901 0 0 0 Sawtimber 2,250 0 585 0 20 0 0 0 0 298 1,347 0 0 0 Total 4,317 0 870 0 23 0 0 0 0 568 2,826 0 0 30
Intermountain: Nonstocked 2,664 640 1,112 7 405 37 8 122 0 109 147 0 0 77 Seedling-sapling 6,542 1,585 909 57 1,579 121 181 1,114 0 123 868 5 0 0 Poletimber 12,079 1,684 1,226 37 1,405 160 187 3,988 0 295 2,987 112 0 0 Sawtimber 45,417 13,736 11,636 31 10,825 1,192 498 4,472 0 811 1,968 248 0 0 Total 66,701 17,645 14,882 131 14,213 1,510 873 9,696 0 1,338 5,970 365 0 77
Alaska: Nonstocked 163 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 150 Seedling-sapling 2,186 0 0 0 461 319 0 0 0 78 1,327 0 0 0 Poletimber 2,764 0 0 0 762 150 0 0 0 68 1,784 0 0 0 Sawtimber 7,282 0 0 0 1,876 4,349 0 0 0 3 1,053 0 0 0 Total 12,395 0 0 0 3,107 4,818 0 0 0 155 4,165 0 0 150
Pacific Northwest: Nonstocked 1,047 81 199 0 20 8 2 28 0 0 15 28 0 667 Seedling-sapling 8,955 3,760 794 37 968 1,187 37 1,046 0 73 1,046 8 0 0 Poletimber 5,421 1,754 643 4 271 492 58 674 0 48 1,456 13 0 8 Sawtimber 25,744 11,317 4,650 11 3,020 3,385 190 660 6 91 2,195 219 0 0 Total 41,167 16,912 6,286 52 4,278 5,072 288 2,407 6 213 4,712 267 0 675
Pacific Southwest: Nonstocked 1,772 12 125 0 9 0 0 0 0 915 182 0 0 528 Seedling-sapling 1,291 194 557 0 131 0 0 9 32 37 325 5 0 0 Poletimber 2,203 162 746 0 174 0 0 25 43 377 675 0 0 0 Sawtimber 13,387 1,609 5,839 95 2,622 12 0 131 657 68 2,354 0 0 0 Total 18,652 1,977 7,267 95 2,936 12 0 165 732 1,398 3,536 5 0 528
West total: Nonstocked 5,699 733 1,457 7 441 45 10 150 0 1,030 345 28 0 1,453 Seedling-sapling 19,734 5,539 2,295 94 3,139 1,627 218 2,169 32 460 4,144 18 0 0 Poletimber 23,720 3,600 2,844 40 2,614 802 245 4,686 43 910 7,803 125 0 8 Sawtimber 94,079 26,663 22,709 137 18,363 8,938 688 5,264 662 1,272 8,917 467 0 0

Total 143,232 36,534 29,305 278 24,557 11,411 1,161 12,269 738 3,671 21,210 638 0 1,460
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Forest type group

Thousand acres

## 96 Table 15—Area of timberland in the United States by stand size class and region and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region and subregion Year Total Sawtimber Poletimber Seedling/ sapling Nonstocked

North: Northeast 1997 78,923 40,513 26,022 12,285 104 1987 79,835 41,299 27,588 10,676 271 1977 78,561 33,801 21,614 21,071 2,075 1963 77,875 32,095 29,968 13,560 2,252 1953 73,035 27,639 30,287 12,631 2,478
North Central 1997 80,510 35,545 25,025 19,640 300 1987 74,585 26,017 28,018 19,022 1,528 1977 74,885 21,971 29,774 20,811 2,329 1963 78,731 18,559 27,730 21,718 10,724 1953 81,240 15,414 26,712 26,524 12,590
North total: 1997 159,433 76,058 51,047 31,925 403 1987 154,419 67,316 55,606 29,698 1,799 1977 153,446 55,772 51,388 41,882 4,404 1963 156,606 50,654 57,698 35,278 12,976 1953 154,275 43,053 56,999 39,155 15,068
South: Southeast 1997 84,803 35,742 22,385 25,511 1,165 1987 85,141 36,415 25,189 20,273 3,264 1977 87,818 32,878 28,619 22,162 4,159 1963 91,040 32,777 25,687 23,763 8,813 1953 89,067 25,669 29,709 21,804 11,885
South Central 1997 116,196 52,801 30,018 33,111 266 1987 112,127 48,622 34,688 28,677 140 1977 111,812 43,789 32,611 34,331 1,081 1963 117,663 39,645 48,571 26,456 2,991 1953 115,479 39,736 53,172 18,051 4,520
South total: 1997 200,999 88,543 52,403 58,622 1,431 1987 197,268 85,037 59,877 48,950 3,404 1977 199,630 76,667 61,230 56,493 5,240 1963 208,703 72,422 74,258 50,219 11,804 1953 204,546 65,405 82,881 39,855 16,405

East total: 1997 360,432 164,601 103,450 90,547 1,834 1987 351,687 152,342 115,495 78,648 5,202 1977 353,076 132,439 112,618 98,375 9,644 1963 365,309 123,076 131,956 85,497 24,780 1953 358,821 108,458 139,880 79,010 31,473 Thousand acres

## 97 Table 15—(continued).

Region and subregion Year Total Sawtimber Poletimber Seedli ng/ sapling Nonstocked

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 4,317 2,250 1,254 761 53 1987 3,529 1,993 758 675 102 1977 3,652 2,003 756 396 497 1963 3,834 1,554 1,141 567 572 1953 4,014 1,341 1,302 850 521
Intermountain 1997 66,701 45,416 12,078 6,543 2,664 1987 57,610 40,526 9,453 6,308 1,324 1977 56,521 35,880 12,197 5,873 2,571 1963 63,086 37,109 16,531 5,459 3,987 1953 62,585 29,613 19,412 8,823 4,737 Rocky Mountain total: 1997 71,018 47,666 13,332 7,304 2,717 1987 61,139 42,519 10,211 6,983 1,426 1977 60,173 37,883 12,953 6,269 3,068 1963 66,920 38,663 17,672 6,026 4,559 1953 66,599 30,954 20,714 9,673 5,258
Pacific Coast: Alaska 1997 12,395 7,282 2,764 2,186 163 1987 15,763 10,155 3,018 2,423 168 1977 19,720 14,592 2,487 2,492 149 1963 20,119 18,041 751 1,121 206 1953 20,342 19,499 357 357 129
Pacific Northwest 1997 41,167 25,744 5,421 8,955 1,047 1987 40,315 24,093 7,672 7,403 1,147 1977 42,133 26,230 7,196 6,711 1,996 1963 44,483 29,143 7,864 5,969 1,507 1953 44,876 28,367 8,418 5,428 2,663
Pacific Southwest 1997 18,652 13,387 2,203 1,291 1,772 1987 17,412 13,747 1,597 1,956 112 1977 17,251 12,066 1,440 1,995 1,750 1963 18,287 12,984 964 129 4,210 1953 18,216 14,213 1,319 97 2,587
Pacific Coast total: 1997 72,214 46,413 10,387 12,431 2,982 1987 73,490 47,994 12,286 11,782 1,427 1977 79,104 52,888 11,123 11,198 3,895 1963 82,889 60,168 9,579 7,219 5,923 1953 83,434 62,079 10,094 5,882 5,379
West total: 1997 143,232 94,079 23,719 19,735 5,699 1987 134,629 90,513 22,498 18,765 2,853 1977 139,277 90,771 24,076 17,467 6,963 1963 149,809 98,831 27,251 13,245 10,482 1953 150,033 93,033 30,808 15,555 10,637
United States: 1997 503,664 258,680 127,169 110,283 7,533 1987 486,316 242,855 137,993 97,413 8,055 1977 492,353 223,210 136,694 115,842 16,607 1963 515,118 221,907 159,207 98,742 35,262 1953 508,854 201,491 170,688 94,565 42,110
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Thousand acres

## 98 Table 16—Timberland area in the United States by major geographic region and forest type group, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

All White- Loblolly- Mapleeastern red- Spruce- Longleaf- shortleaf- Oak- Oak- Oak-gum- Elm-ash- beech- Aspen- NonRegion Year types jack pine fir slash pine pine pine hickory cypress cottonwood birch birch stocked

North 1997 159,433 10,512 15,185 0 2,263 3,595 49,678 770 10,000 50,210 16,818 404 1987 154,418 13,030 16,421 0 2,294 3,457 45,945 778 11,009 42,263 17,346 1,876 1977 153,446 11,362 17,468 0 2,468 3,115 42,262 518 18,050 34,300 19,149 4,754 1963 156,606 10,083 18,558 0 3,298 1,496 48,700 1,199 15,882 30,264 22,429 4,698 1953 154,275 8,940 18,887 0 3,569 1,022 46,455 1,212 19,673 23,248 24,637 6,633

South 1997 200,999 645 11 13,129 49,719 29,809 74,315 28,495 2,299 1,146 0 1,431 1987 197,269 519 18 15,640 46,694 28,043 71,239 27,596 3,036 884 0 3,599 1977 199,630 407 8 16,725 47,433 31,453 66,307 26,116 4,171 1,776 0 5,234 1963 208,703 439 15 24,902 52,201 24,310 61,801 34,747 3,461 566 0 6,261 1953 204,546 329 12 26,926 51,792 23,970 54,872 34,498 4,051 750 0 7,346

East total: 1997 360,432 11,157 15,196 13,129 51,982 33,404 123,992 29,265 12,299 51,356 16,818 1,835 1987 351,687 13,789 16,752 15,407 48,335 31,148 116,997 27,977 14,210 43,939 17,676 5,457 1977 353,076 11,769 17,476 16,725 49,901 34,568 108,569 26,635 22,222 36,076 19,149 9,988 1963 365,309 10,522 18,573 24,902 55,499 25,806 110,500 35,946 19,342 30,830 22,429 10,959 1953 358,821 9,269 18,899 26,926 55,360 24,992 101,326 35,710 23,724 23,998 24,637 13,979 Thousand acres

Table 16—(continued).

Other All Ponderosa- Western Hemlock- western Western western Douglas- Jeffrey white Fir- Sitka Lodgepole Red- softwood hardwood Pinyon- NonRegion Year types fir pine pine spruce spruce Larch pine wood types types juniper stocked

Rocky Mountain 1997 71,018 17,645 15,752 131 14,236 1,510 873 9,696 0 1,906 8,796 365 108 1987 61,140 14,119 14,555 276 11,684 1,580 1,856 9,973 0 319 5,105 1,673 1,576 1977 60,173 12,729 15,285 333 10,545 1,298 1,822 10,225 0 528 4,745 2,663 2,556 1963 66,920 13,027 18,292 2,286 8,682 194 2,586 12,752 0 0 5,756 3,345 3,280 1953 66,599 11,923 18,800 2,670 7,529 99 2,677 13,326 0 0 5,600 3,973 3,241

Pacific 1997 59,819 18,889 13,553 147 7,214 5,084 288 2,573 738 1,610 8,248 273 1,203 West 1987 57,727 19,768 11,236 14 10,438 4,034 873 2,233 1,129 319 6,849 834 814 1977 59,384 18,666 11,969 126 8,197 4,819 683 2,917 662 0 7,566 3,780 3,782 1963 62,770 21,989 15,744 2,431 6,120 3,928 794 2,422 1,468 0 4,734 3,139 3,242 1953 63,092 20,646 16,281 2,797 4,441 4,881 888 2,703 1,283 0 4,773 4,398 4,370

Alaska 1997 12,395 0 0 0 3,107 4,818 0 0 0 155 4,165 0 150 1987 15,763 0 0 0 5,661 5,560 0 0 0 181 4,358 4 4 1977 19,722 0 0 0 2,715 12,063 0 0 0 0 4,857 87 49 1963 20,119 0 0 0 0 19,113 0 0 0 0 0 1,006 277 1953 20,342 0 0 0 0 19,438 0 0 0 0 0 904 190

West total: 1997 143,232 36,534 29,305 278 24,557 11,411 1,161 12,269 738 3,671 21,210 638 1,460 1987 134,630 33,887 25,791 290 27,783 11,174 2,729 12,205 1,129 819 16,312 2,511 2,394 1977 139,279 31,395 27,253 459 21,457 18,180 2,504 13,142 662 528 17,168 6,529 6,387 1963 149,809 35,017 34,036 4,718 14,803 23,235 3,380 15,174 1,468 0 10,489 7,490 6,799 1953 150,033 32,570 35,081 5,467 11,970 24,419 3,565 16,030 1,283 0 10,373 9,275 7,800 Thousand acres

## 99 Table 17—Net volume of timber on timberland in the United States by class of timber, species group, region,

Region, subregion, Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand State Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

North: Northeast: Connecticut 2,943 465 2,478 2,755 442 2,313 122 14 108 66 9 57 Delaware 689 177 511 639 169 471 27 0 27 23 9 14 Maine 22,310 12,305 10,005 20,891 11,682 9,209 1,067 401 665 352 221 131 Maryland 4,763 832 3,931 4,511 816 3,695 204 6 198 47 10 38 Massachusetts 5,309 1,706 3,604 4,862 1,608 3,254 387 73 314 61 25 35 New Hampshire 9,671 4,048 5,623 9,039 3,819 5,220 517 170 348 115 59 56 New Jersey 2,489 536 1,953 2,378 523 1,855 70 5 65 40 8 33 New York 23,074 5,613 17,461 21,828 5,400 16,427 1,085 169 916 162 43 119 Pennsylvania 25,874 2,389 23,485 24,903 2,329 22,574 748 41 707 223 19 204 Rhode Island 434 46 388 394 44 350 23 1 22 17 0 17 Vermont 9,441 3,083 6,358 8,675 2,863 5,812 623 146 477 142 74 69 West Virginia 21,249 1,279 19,970 20,303 1,250 19,054 833 14 820 113 16 97 Total 128,246 32,479 95,767 121,179 30,945 90,234 5,705 1,040 4,665 1,362 494 868
North Central: Illinois 5,408 122 5,286 4,835 117 4,717 513 3 509 60 1 60 Indiana 7,809 297 7,512 6,900 278 6,623 909 19 889 0 0 0 Iowa 2,581 37 2,544 1,669 18 1,651 872 19 854 40 0 40 Michigan 29,632 8,185 21,448 26,735 7,600 19,134 2,652 503 2,149 245 81 164 Minnesota 17,469 5,008 12,460 15,268 4,703 10,564 1,936 247 1,689 265 58 207 Missouri 13,935 944 12,991 8,998 863 8,135 4,857 76 4,781 80 5 75 Ohio 10,601 410 10,191 10,159 401 9,758 354 4 350 88 5 83 Wisconsin 21,323 4,790 16,533 18,509 4,450 14,059 2,265 203 2,062 548 136 412 Total 108,758 19,793 88,965 93,072 18,431 74,640 14,360 1,075 13,285 1,327 287 1,040
North total: 237,005 52,272 184,733 214,251 49,376 164,874 20,065 2,115 17,950 2,689 780 1,909
South: Southeast: Florida 17,029 9,533 7,495 15,366 9,424 5,942 1,649 101 1,548 13 8 5 Georgia 33,664 15,319 18,345 31,704 15,224 16,480 1,957 94 1,863 3 1 2 North Carolina 34,756 12,648 22,108 32,742 12,530 20,212 1,939 77 1,862 75 41 34 South Carolina 17,902 8,115 9,787 16,685 8,034 8,651 1,185 60 1,125 32 21 11 Virginia 28,660 6,736 21,924 26,487 6,648 19,838 2,126 75 2,051 47 13 35 Total 132,011 52,352 79,659 122,985 51,861 71,124 8,856 407 8,449 170 84 87
South Central: Alabama 24,804 11,341 13,463 23,075 11,101 11,974 1,661 192 1,469 68 49 20 Arkansas 23,993 9,631 14,362 21,686 9,342 12,344 2,098 200 1,898 209 89 120 Kentucky 16,699 1,253 15,446 15,952 1,213 14,739 621 25 597 126 16 110 Louisiana 20,772 10,137 10,635 18,844 9,928 8,916 1,894 194 1,700 33 15 18 Mississippi 22,757 9,426 13,332 20,611 9,208 11,402 2,038 154 1,884 108 63 45 Oklahoma 4,894 1,465 3,429 3,624 1,421 2,203 1,253 39 1,214 17 5 12 Tennessee 18,404 3,017 15,387 16,646 2,893 13,753 1,633 89 1,544 125 35 90 Texas 14,291 8,056 6,235 12,939 7,879 5,060 1,290 130 1,160 62 48 15 Total 146,614 54,326 92,288 133,377 52,985 80,392 12,488 1,022 11,466 749 319 431
South total: 278,625 106,678 171,947 256,361 104,846 151,515 21,344 1,430 19,914 920 402 517 Million cubic feet subregion, and State, 1997

All timber Growing stock Live cull Sound dead

## 100 Table 17—(continued).

Region, subregion, Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand state Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 2,017 22 1,996 1,254 17 1,238 704 5 698 60 0 60 Nebraska 1,331 260 1,071 854 212 643 449 42 407 28 7 21 North Dakota 513 5 507 330 3 327 147 2 145 36 0 36 South Dakota 1,669 1,394 275 1,492 1,331 161 135 27 108 42 36 6 Total 5,530 1,681 3,849 3,931 1,563 2,368 1,434 76 1,358 166 43 123
Intermountain: Arizona 7,126 6,267 858 5,977 5,609 368 1,001 539 462 147 120 28 Colorado 22,382 17,962 4,420 20,028 16,163 3,865 293 200 93 2,061 1,599 462 Idaho 42,025 41,112 913 39,256 38,472 784 677 621 56 2,092 2,019 73 Montana 38,298 37,698 601 34,815 34,254 561 487 459 28 2,996 2,984 11 Nevada 455 387 68 339 306 33 19 13 6 97 69 28 New Mexico 6,592 5,640 952 5,578 5,029 549 771 425 345 243 186 58 Utah 8,917 6,910 2,007 7,363 5,708 1,655 432 304 127 1,123 898 224 Wyoming 9,055 8,504 550 8,012 7,578 433 165 100 65 878 826 52 Total 134,850 124,481 10,369 121,370 113,119 8,251 3,843 2,662 1,182 9,637 8,700 937 Rocky Mountain total 140,381 126,162 14,218 125,300 114,682 10,618 5,278 2,737 2,540 9,803 8,743 1,060
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 35,058 31,707 3,352 32,955 29,810 3,145 689 504 185 1,414 1,393 21 Total 35,058 31,707 3,352 32,955 29,810 3,145 689 504 185 1,414 1,393 21
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 87,820 80,646 7,174 83,296 76,770 6,526 934 396 538 3,590 3,480 110 Washington 67,936 61,211 6,725 65,722 59,199 6,523 281 128 154 1,932 1,884 48 Total 155,756 141,857 13,899 149,018 135,969 13,049 1,216 524 692 5,522 5,364 158
Pacific Southwest: California 59,031 49,854 9,177 57,505 49,167 8,337 1,269 431 839 257 256 1 Hawaii 334 4 330 280 4 276 41 0 41 12 0 12 Total 59,365 49,858 9,507 57,785 49,172 8,613 1,311 431 880 269 256 14
Pacific Coast total: 250,179 223,422 26,758 239,758 214,950 24,808 3,216 1,458 1,757 7,206 7,013 192

United States: 906,190 508,535 397,655 835,670 483,855 351,816 49,902 7,741 42,161 20,617 16,939 3,678

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Million cubic feet All timber Growing stock Live cull Sound dead

## 101 Table 18—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and Sta te, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 442 414 425 214 158 0 0 0 0 0 42 69 50 22 16 Delaware 169 173 168 231 236 0 0 0 0 0 7 8 9 5 5 Maine 11,682 14,510 16,060 12,563 10,093 48 24 22 18 15 508 527 265 136 112 Maryland 816 805 793 775 717 0 0 0 0 0 79 78 82 31 28 Massachusetts 1,608 1,689 1,439 972 631 0 0 0 0 0 223 270 263 120 78 New Hampshire 3,819 3,408 3,526 2,534 2,208 332 360 276 290 253 357 227 59 71 62 New Jersey 523 563 252 282 250 0 0 0 0 0 221 256 58 29 26 New York 5,400 4,935 3,524 3,037 2,748 6 1 0 0 0 734 648 442 381 344 Pennsylvania 2,329 1,983 1,778 1,436 1,229 63 68 60 45 38 390 230 213 172 147 Rhode Island 44 59 108 23 15 0 0 0 0 0 12 26 4 2 1 Vermont 2,863 2,010 1,826 1,379 1,251 66 45 39 38 35 152 130 92 42 38 West Virginia 1,250 1,060 1,092 588 492 267 180 239 141 118 73 27 18 33 28 Total 30,945 31,609 30,991 24,034 20,028 782 678 636 532 459 2,797 2,496 1,555 1,044 885
North Central: Illinois 117 118 81 25 17 47 47 35 17 5 25 25 15 1 0 Indiana 278 201 88 52 27 29 22 14 8 3 34 17 20 12 14 Iowa 18 7 6 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Michigan 7,600 6,558 5,201 3,624 2,370 1,504 1,337 954 587 271 2,031 1,745 1,307 852 534 Minnesota 4,703 4,086 3,477 3,384 2,698 1,030 919 871 905 780 2,072 1,875 1,565 1,565 1,115 Missouri 863 601 392 316 264 311 273 177 163 134 68 22 12 7 5 Ohio 401 326 274 109 96 29 20 16 8 7 46 26 25 10 9 Wisconsin 4,450 4,112 3,340 2,112 1,549 627 652 475 300 136 994 1,130 784 496 485 Total 18,431 16,009 12,859 9,627 7,025 3,578 3,270 2,542 1,988 1,336 5,272 4,840 3,728 2,943 2,162
North total: 49,376 47,618 43,850 33,661 27,053 4,360 3,948 3,178 2,520 1,795 8,070 7,336 5,283 3,987 3,047
South: Southeast: Florida 9,424 9,305 8,750 6,685 5,384 995 873 912 657 549 1,542 1,155 752 386 312 Georgia 15,224 15,870 16,096 12,513 10,751 506 377 468 398 366 1,202 969 856 809 656 North Carolina 12,530 12,286 11,526 9,634 9,097 546 523 496 356 337 745 579 404 347 273 South Carolina 8,034 8,835 8,708 6,066 4,800 582 744 758 603 582 604 585 462 326 112 Virginia 6,648 6,323 5,928 5,276 5,516 362 331 312 229 240 359 351 296 221 231 Total 51,861 52,619 51,008 40,174 35,548 2,991 2,848 2,946 2,243 2,074 4,452 3,639 2,770 2,089 1,584
South Central: Alabama 11,101 11,328 11,469 8,684 5,875 562 659 561 417 278 270 229 216 167 98 Arkansas 9,342 8,586 7,973 5,812 4,640 1,895 1,677 1,520 1,149 886 284 224 155 54 41 Kentucky 1,213 1,110 916 567 493 158 164 153 160 139 35 4 4 72 63 Louisiana 9,928 10,552 9,342 6,357 4,253 732 775 724 511 268 351 277 206 120 83 Mississippi 9,208 9,746 8,930 5,259 3,674 1,374 1,474 1,253 1,089 579 508 268 376 221 342 Oklahoma 1,421 998 1,011 692 541 228 169 127 98 73 73 58 50 2 2 Tennessee 2,893 2,710 2,203 1,480 1,227 303 346 274 293 220 302 241 189 102 102 Texas 7,879 7,964 8,356 6,062 4,211 1,143 1,202 1,058 1,157 680 128 157 144 86 49 Total 52,985 52,994 50,200 34,913 24,914 6,396 6,466 5,670 4,874 3,123 1,951 1,458 1,340 824 780
South total: 104,846 105,613 101,208 75,087 60,462 9,387 9,314 8,616 7,117 5,197 6,403 5,097 4,110 2,913 2,364 Million cubic feet All owners National forest Other publica

## 102 Table 18—(continued).

Region, subreg ion , and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 17 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Nebraska 212 177 148 103 73 54 31 28 22 19 22 17 13 8 4 North Dakota 3 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 South Dakota 1,331 1,726 1,650 1,369 1,236 1,090 1,270 1,345 1,140 1,046 47 118 100 62 51 Total 1,563 1,912 1,799 1,472 1,309 1,145 1,301 1,373 1,162 1,065 70 135 113 70 55
Intermountain: Arizona 5,609 5,980 4,763 4,689 4,600 3,931 4,176 3,208 3,077 2,888 47 1,753 1,449 1,502 1,596 Colorado 16,163 16,226 12,624 11,774 10,926 11,792 11,811 9,486 8,823 8,205 1,362 1,365 713 670 618 Idaho 38,472 32,088 31,662 30,242 28,677 29,580 23,440 21,589 20,212 18,894 3,353 3,480 3,267 3,092 2,992 Montana 34,254 27,611 27,691 29,793 27,367 25,148 18,595 18,090 19,612 17,444 2,318 2,458 2,543 2,494 2,335 Nevada 306 390 250 244 235 127 206 86 86 79 56 12 9 9 9 New Mexico 5,029 5,628 5,797 5,739 5,514 3,126 3,730 2,872 2,836 2,578 124 676 1,347 1,337 1,352 Utah 5,708 3,913 3,562 3,726 3,657 4,575 3,031 2,808 2,937 2,785 374 345 412 431 476 Wyoming 7,578 6,550 6,963 5,544 5,261 5,570 4,542 5,569 4,234 4,075 724 870 576 542 490 Total 113,119 98,386 93,312 91,751 86,237 83,849 69,531 63,708 61,817 56,948 8,357 10,959 10,316 10,077 9,868 Rocky Mountain total: 114,682 100,298 95,111 93,223 87,546 84,993 70,832 65,081 62,979 58,013 8,427 11,094 10,429 10,147 9,923
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 29,810 37,051 48,277 49,426 49,149 18,733 24,068 35,414 38,228 38,850 5,090 5,880 12,200 10,915 10,081 Total 29,810 37,051 48,277 49,426 49,149 18,733 24,068 35,414 38,228 38,850 5,090 5,880 12,200 10,915 10,081
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 76,770 70,554 74,735 83,427 87,580 47,993 42,102 44,904 48,100 45,488 12,058 12,805 12,709 13,235 15,272 Washington 59,199 60,130 57,800 61,567 61,994 27,321 23,497 22,833 25,361 25,504 9,723 13,798 13,200 13,088 12,605 Total 135,969 130,684 132,535 144,994 149,574 75,314 65,599 67,737 73,461 70,992 21,781 26,603 25,909 26,323 27,877
Pacific Southwest: California 49,167 46,307 45,975 53,365 58,006 29,539 27,213 28,073 29,391 29,590 1,320 1,245 1,108 1,435 1,892 Hawaii 4 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 3333 3 Total 49,172 46,311 45,979 53,369 58,010 29,539 27,213 28,073 29,391 29,590 1,323 1,248 1,111 1,438 1,895
Pacific Coast total: 214,950 214,046 226,791 247,789 256,733 123,586 116,880 131,224 141,080 139,432 28,194 33,731 39,220 38,676 39,853

United States: 483,855 467,575 466,960 449,760 431,794 222,326 200,974 208,099 213,696 204,437 51,093 57,258 59,042 55,723 55,187 Million cubic feet National forest Other publica All owners

## 103 Table 18—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 0 0 0 0 0 399 345 375 192 142 Delaware 18 18 28 17 14 144 147 131 209 217 Maine 4,771 7,849 9,120 5,222 4,194 6,356 6,110 6,653 7,187 5,772 Maryland 80 79 91 69 64 657 648 620 675 625 Massachusetts 86 64 24 80 52 1,299 1,355 1,152 772 501 New Hampshire 269 433 800 426 371 2,862 2,388 2,391 1,747 1,522 New Jersey 0 0 0 1 1 302 307 194 252 223 New York 355 403 382 329 298 4,304 3,883 2,700 2,327 2,106 Pennsylvania 82 91 71 57 49 1,794 1,594 1,434 1,162 995 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 32 33 104 21 14 Vermont 73 128 212 203 184 2,572 1,707 1,483 1,096 994 West Virginia 69 126 96 23 19 842 727 739 391 327 Total 5,803 9,191 10,824 6,427 5,246 21,563 19,244 17,976 16,031 13,438
North Central: Illinois 0 0 1 2 1 46 46 30 5 11 Indiana 0 0 1 0 0 214 162 53 32 10 Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 18 7 6 5 4 Michigan 764 885 808 641 563 3,301 2,591 2,132 1,544 1,002 Minnesota 302 336 265 284 232 1,298 956 776 630 571 Missouri 36 21 21 9 7 448 285 182 137 118 Ohio 24 2 4 4 4 301 278 229 87 76 Wisconsin 300 409 590 374 110 2,529 1,921 1,491 942 818 Total 1,426 1,653 1,690 1,314 917 8,155 6,246 4,899 3,382 2,610
North total: 7,229 10,844 12,514 7,741 6,163 29,718 25,490 22,875 19,413 16,048
South: Southeast: Florida 2,311 2,687 2,789 2,153 1,689 4,576 4,590 4,297 3,489 2,834 Georgia 3,227 3,443 2,836 2,361 2,031 10,289 11,081 11,936 8,945 7,698 North Carolina 1,884 1,646 1,157 1,339 1,546 9,356 9,538 9,469 7,592 6,941 South Carolina 1,672 1,774 1,417 1,156 700 5,175 5,732 6,071 3,981 3,406 Virginia 1,136 1,167 943 800 837 4,791 4,474 4,377 4,026 4,208 Total 10,231 10,717 9,142 7,809 6,803 34,187 35,415 36,150 28,033 25,087
South Central: Alabama 2,999 2,802 2,883 2,404 1,634 7,271 7,638 7,809 5,696 3,865 Arkansas 3,472 3,191 3,120 3,196 2,372 3,691 3,494 3,178 1,413 1,341 Kentucky 12 6 6 12 10 1,008 936 753 323 281 Louisiana 2,855 2,779 2,725 2,825 1,952 5,990 6,721 5,687 2,901 1,950 Mississippi 1,892 1,822 1,726 1,460 1,454 5,436 6,182 5,575 2,489 1,299 Oklahoma 574 350 517 456 359 546 421 317 136 107 Tennessee 302 289 232 93 74 1,985 1,834 1,508 992 831 Texas 2,126 2,276 3,221 2,641 1,883 4,481 4,329 3,933 2,178 1,599 Total 14,231 13,515 14,430 13,087 9,738 30,408 31,555 28,760 16,128 11,273
South total: 24,462 24,232 23,572 20,896 16,541 64,594 66,970 64,910 44,161 36,360 Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet

## 104 Table 18—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 16 6 1 0 0 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 135 129 107 73 50 North Dakota 0000 0 2 30 00 South Dakota 0 12 19 10 8 194 326 186 157 131 Total 0 12 19 10 8 348 464 294 230 181
Intermountain: Arizona 0000 0 1,631 51 106 110 116 Colorado 0 0 21 20 19 3,010 3,050 2,404 2,261 2,084 Idaho 2,593 2,312 2,913 3,346 3,438 2,947 2,856 3,893 3,592 3,353 Montana 2,157 2,963 2,097 2,864 3,104 4,632 3,595 4,961 4,823 4,484 Nevada 23 0 16 15 15 100 172 139 134 132 New Mexico 0 3 0 112 113 1,779 1,219 1,578 1,454 1,471 Utah 0 0 0 0 0 759 537 342 358 396 Wyoming 0 53 61 57 52 1,284 1,085 757 711 644 Total 4,773 5,331 5,108 6,414 6,741 16,141 12,565 14,180 13,443 12,680 Rocky Mountain total: 4,773 5,343 5,127 6,424 6,749 16,489 13,029 14,474 13,673 12,861
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 0000 0 5,987 7,103 663 283 218 Total 0000 0 5,987 7,103 663 283 218
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 9,673 10,011 12,110 15,464 19,060 7,046 5,636 5,012 6,628 7,760 Washington 11,532 14,404 13,717 15,907 17,640 10,611 8,431 8,050 7,211 6,245 Total 21,205 24,415 25,827 31,371 36,700 17,657 14,067 13,062 13,839 14,005
Pacific Southwest: California 8,592 7,918 7,457 9,639 11,268 9,716 9,931 9,337 12,900 15,256 Hawaii 0000 0 1 11 11 Total 8,592 7,918 7,457 9,639 11,268 9,717 9,932 9,338 12,901 15,257
Pacific Coast total: 29,797 32,333 33,284 41,010 47,968 33,361 31,102 23,063 27,023 29,480

United States: 66,262 72,752 74,497 76,071 77,421 144,162 136,591 125,322 104,270 94,749

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet Forest Industry

## 105 Table 19—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce Total Total and and Other and and Other Region and all soft- slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern softsubregion Year species woods pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

North: Northeast 1997 121,179 30,945 0 652 1,717 9,460 14 9,184 6,949 3 2,965 1987 112,133 31,609 0 658 1,573 7,977 0 12,977 5,878 0 2,547 1977 98,311 30,991 0 656 1,368 7,123 0 14,895 5,006 0 1,943 1963 76,869 24,034 0 701 1,119 4,958 46 11,042 4,113 0 2,056

North Central 1997 93,072 18,431 0 737 373 5,597 1,550 4,579 1,082 22 4,491 1987 77,905 16,009 0 561 158 4,396 1,646 4,711 876 31 3,630 1977 64,697 12,859 0 402 214 2,411 1,851 4,038 1,260 31 2,652 1963 51,419 9,627 0 307 110 1,794 1,520 2,954 1,040 15 1,888

North total: 1997 214,251 49,376 0 1,390 2,090 15,058 1,564 13,763 8,031 25 7,456 1987 190,038 47,618 0 1,219 1,731 12,373 1,646 17,688 6,753 31 6,178 1977 163,008 43,850 0 1,058 1,582 9,534 1,851 18,934 6,265 31 4,596 1963 128,288 33,661 0 1,008 1,229 6,752 1,566 13,995 5,153 15 3,944 South: Southeast 1997 122,985 51,861 11,044 27,248 6,855 1,733 0 24 413 4,066 478 1987 120,773 52,619 12,598 26,441 6,989 1,457 0 24 396 4,306 408 1977 111,699 51,008 12,284 25,910 6,897 1,068 0 25 324 4,101 400 1963 87,172 40,174 9,477 21,877 4,121 480 0 33 242 3,677 267

South Central 1997 133,377 52,985 4,886 41,517 2,774 281 0 0 213 2,317 997 1987 123,868 52,994 5,039 42,006 2,670 207 0 1 115 2,225 732 1977 111,674 50,200 5,114 40,108 2,375 185 0 0 67 1,829 522 1963 86,900 34,913 3,806 27,874 1,341 146 0 0 182 1,332 231

South total: 1997 256,361 104,846 15,931 68,765 9,629 2,014 0 24 626 6,382 1,475 1987 244,641 105,613 17,638 68,447 9,659 1,663 0 25 511 6,530 1,140 1977 223,373 101,208 17,398 66,018 9,272 1,253 0 25 391 5,929 922 1963 174,072 75,087 13,284 49,751 5,462 626 0 33 424 5,009 498

East total: 1997 470,612 154,222 15,931 70,154 11,719 17,072 1,564 13,787 8,657 6,408 8,931 1987 434,679 153,231 17,638 69,666 11,390 14,037 1,646 17,713 7,264 6,561 7,317 1977 386,381 145,058 17,398 67,076 10,854 10,787 1,851 18,958 6,657 5,960 5,518 1963 302,360 108,748 13,284 50,759 6,691 7,378 1,566 14,028 5,577 5,023 4,442 Softwoods

Million cubic feet

## 106 Table 19—(continued).

Total Select Select Other Other Region and hard- white red white red Yellow Hard Soft subregion Year woods oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

North: Northeast 1997 90,234 4,437 8,625 4,271 4,932 2,846 3,062 11,533 16,741 5,466 1987 80,524 4,384 8,137 4,928 5,405 2,791 2,987 10,104 13,544 4,685 1977 67,320 4,721 7,616 4,589 4,890 2,563 2,452 7,755 10,645 3,807 1963 52,835 3,402 6,536 3,709 2,550 1,810 3,791 5,883 6,515 3,973

North Central 1997 74,640 7,550 5,983 1,474 5,682 3,572 786 8,369 7,662 1,122 1987 61,896 6,001 4,774 1,528 5,077 2,912 674 6,335 5,542 854 1977 51,838 5,277 4,006 1,365 4,579 2,605 807 4,814 3,302 896 1963 41,792 3,730 3,373 405 2,340 1,449 872 4,025 2,572 835

North total: 1997 164,874 11,987 14,608 5,745 10,615 6,417 3,848 19,902 24,403 6,588 1987 142,420 10,385 12,911 6,456 10,482 5,703 3,661 16,439 19,086 5,538 1977 119,158 9,121 12,186 5,788 7,991 4,401 3,719 12,972 14,985 5,278 1963 94,627 6,093 11,705 6,642 4,567 3,241 6,790 10,536 11,668 7,115 South: Southeast 1997 71,124 7,167 3,126 6,008 12,307 3,593 83 467 5,712 1,000 1987 68,154 6,639 3,074 5,563 11,826 3,641 62 402 5,221 942 1977 60,691 6,152 2,650 5,009 10,841 3,680 61 299 3,845 805 1963 46,998 4,753 1,966 3,886 7,837 3,314 39 158 2,555 561

South Central 1997 80,392 9,194 4,620 7,186 15,900 7,625 5 1,411 2,283 1,458 1987 70,874 7,974 3,969 6,722 15,062 7,254 6 933 1,719 1,193 1977 61,474 6,623 3,071 6,362 12,584 6,816 0 758 1,319 1,054 1963 51,987 5,262 2,053 5,607 9,652 5,799 11 428 898 1,116

South total: 1997 151,516 16,361 7,746 13,194 28,207 11,218 87 1,878 7,996 2,458 1987 139,028 14,613 7,043 12,285 26,889 10,895 68 1,335 6,940 2,135 1977 122,165 12,769 5,715 11,353 23,402 10,451 62 1,051 5,201 1,856 1963 98,985 10,015 4,021 9,467 17,469 9,069 51 580 3,492 1,667

East total: 1997 316,390 28,348 22,354 18,939 38,821 17,635 3,936 21,780 32,399 9,047 1987 281,448 24,998 19,955 18,741 37,370 16,598 3,730 17,774 26,026 7,673 1977 241,323 22,230 17,227 17,679 32,904 15,442 3,409 12,806 19,176 6,781 1963 193,612 17,154 13,364 16,832 25,683 13,941 4,815 8,117 12,657 7,123 Million cubic feet Hardwoods

## 107 Table 19—(continued).

Tupelo Cottonand wood Other Region and Sweet- black Bass- Yellow and Black Black hardsubregion Year gum gum Ash wood poplar aspen walnut cherrya woods

North: Northeast 1997 556 588 4,748 1,476 4,740 3,611 295 4,683 7,623 1987 486 491 3,656 1,162 2,925 3,219 211 3,738 7,671 1977 418 409 2,656 1,073 2,630 2,145 192 3,000 5,760 1963 460 333 1,898 1,221 1,968 1,719 154 0 6,915

North Central 1997 148 199 4,798 3,098 1,686 12,061 804 1,639 8,007 1987 122 79 3,657 2,476 1,073 10,521 612 1,144 8,516 1977 153 89 2,818 1,861 641 9,669 459 530 7,967 1963 168 63 2,127 1,505 441 8,807 340 0 8,740

North total: 1997 704 787 9,546 4,574 6,426 15,672 1,099 6,322 15,631 1987 608 570 7,313 3,639 3,998 13,740 823 4,881 16,187 1977 653 541 5,158 2,700 3,516 10,938 551 3,530 15,129 1963 824 596 3,400 2,187 3,524 3,079 275 0 12,385 South: Southeast 1997 7,573 7,248 1,752 334 9,538 92 197 311 4,618 1987 7,487 7,854 1,735 314 8,392 107 181 222 4,491 1977 6,850 7,462 1,492 259 6,732 117 138 155 4,143 1963 5,582 7,106 1,348 247 3,845 53 160 0 3,588

South Central 1997 9,058 4,106 2,689 275 5,283 621 362 452 7,862 1987 8,244 3,962 2,219 257 3,845 580 281 0 6,653 1977 6,826 3,921 1,967 246 2,847 504 271 195 6,110 1963 6,059 4,057 1,757 277 1,823 469 296 0 6,423

South total: 1997 16,631 11,354 4,441 609 14,821 713 559 763 12,480 1987 15,732 11,816 3,954 571 12,237 687 462 222 11,144 1977 13,678 11,436 3,452 506 9,637 616 407 349 10,225 1963 11,644 11,240 3,100 524 5,718 514 453 0 9,960

East total: 1997 17,336 12,141 13,987 5,183 21,247 16,384 1,658 7,085 28,111 1987 16,339 12,387 11,267 4,210 16,235 14,427 1,286 5,103 27,331 1977 15,623 13,058 8,428 2,981 13,752 10,501 942 3,555 24,829 1963 15,565 14,886 6,369 2,204 9,826 2,815 775 0 21,485

a Separate black cherry data not available for 1963, included in other hardwoods category. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Hardwoods

Million cubic feet

## 1-8 Table 20—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Ponderosa Total and Western Subregion All soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka and State species woods fir pines fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Great Plains: Kansas 1,254 17 0 0 0 00000 Nebraska 854 212 0 0 0 00000 North Dakota 330 3 0 0 0 00000 South Dakota 1,492 1,331 0 1,028 0 00000 Total 3,931 1,563 0 1,028 0 00000
Intermountain: Arizona 5,978 5,609 570 4,372 275 00000 Colorado 20,028 16,163 2,092 2,120 2,514 00000 Idaho 39,256 38,472 12,328 2,718 9,402 868 0 420 0 0 Montana 34,815 34,254 10,574 2,841 3,496 195 0 107 0 0 Nevada 339 306 0 103 117 01400 New Mexico 5,576 5,028 957 2,655 752 00000 Utah 7,363 5,708 1,432 462 1,485 00000 Wyoming 8,012 7,578 1,100 1,155 871 00100 Total 121,368 113,118 29,052 16,426 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0
Alaska: Alaska 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519 Total 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 83,293 76,767 44,080 8,153 8,879 6,383 689 244 32 274 Washington 65,725 59,202 25,479 3,411 7,453 13,423 0 142 0 54 Total 149,018 135,969 69,559 11,564 16,332 19,806 689 386 32 328
Pacific Southwest: California 57,505 49,168 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0 Hawaii 280 4 0 0 0 00000 Total 57,785 49,172 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0

West total: 365,057 329,631 112,509 38,741 48,592 32,324 3,650 1,196 4,642 8,848 Softwoods

Million cubic feet

## 109 Table 20—(continued).

Engelmann Cottonand Western Other Total wood Other Subregion other Western Incense- Lodgepole red- soft- hard- and Red hardand State spruces larch cedar pine cedara woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Great Plains: Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 17 1,238 0 0 0 1,238 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 212 643 0 0 0 643 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 3 327 0 0 0 327 South Dakota 48 0 0 0 0 255 161 9 0 0 152 Total 48 0 0 0 0 486 2,368 9 0 0 2,359
Intermountain: Arizona 265 0 0 0 0 127 368 330 0 0 39 Colorado 5,699 0 0 3,663 0 76 3,865 3,865 0 0 0 Idaho 2,507 1,463 0 5,500 2,230 1,036 784 625 0 0 159 Montana 3,444 2,241 0 9,757 336 1,263 561 486 0 0 75 Nevada 25 0 3 39 0 14 33 33 0 0 0 New Mexico 369 0 0 0 0 294 549 381 0 0 168 Utah 1,531 0 0 708 0 91 1,655 1,655 0 0 0 Wyoming 1,420 0 0 2,603 0 428 433 432 0 0 1 Total 15,260 3,704 3 22,269 2,567 3,329 8,250 7,808 0 0 442
Alaska: Alaska 4,605 0 0 43 1,310 3,902 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557 Total 4,605 0 0 43 1,310 3,902 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 1,252 785 723 2,227 1,502 1,544 6,526 94 3,182 456 2,794 Washington 1,573 1,468 0 1,785 3,532 881 6,523 645 4,353 28 1,496 Total 2,825 2,254 723 4,012 5,034 2,425 13,049 740 7,535 484 4,290
Pacific Southwest: California 36 0 2,849 911 2 528 8,337 35 218 4,320 3,765 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 4 276 0 0 0 276 Total 36 0 2,849 911 2 532 8,613 35 218 4,320 4,041

West total: 22,773 5,958 3,574 27,234 8,913 10,675 35,425 10,147 7,786 4,804 12,689

a Western redcedar volume may be included in other western softwood volume. Western redcedar volume in Oregon for national forest lands includes some incense-cedar. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million cubic feet Softwoods - continued Hardwoods

## 110 Table 21—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion,

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

and and Other and and Other Subregion slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern softand State Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast: Connecticut 441 0 0 7 175 0 0 243 0 16 Delaware 169 0 143 26 0000 00 Maine 11,682 0 0 25 2,132 2 6,131 1,286 0 2,105 Maryland 816 0 469 258 52 0 2 22 3 9 Massachusetts 1,608 0 0 79 1,085 0 73 349 0 21 New Hampshire 3,819 0 0 41 1,914 0 1,008 833 0 22 New Jersey 523 0 22 327 20 0 0 8 0 146 New York 5,400 0 0 128 2,263 11 673 1,865 0 461 Pennsylvania 2,329 0 1 282 763 1 21 1,199 0 62 Rhode Island 44 0 0 8 35 0 0 0 0 1 Vermont 2,863 0 0 1 783 0 1,116 846 0 117 West Virginia 1,250 0 17 535 238 0 159 297 0 4 Total 30,945 0 652 1,717 9,460 14 9,184 6,949 3 2,965 North Central: Illinois 117 0 65 3 29 1 0 0 9 11 Indiana 278 0 39 95 85 5 0 0 4 50 Iowa 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 Michigan 7,600 0 0 87 2,505 605 1,690 664 0 2,049 Minnesota 4,703 0 0 3 870 558 2,023 0 0 1,249 Missouri 863 0 625 2 14 0 0 0 9 213 Ohio 401 0 8 175 178 0 1 16 0 22 Wisconsin 4,451 0 0 7 1,916 382 865 401 0 880 Total 18,431 0 737 373 5,597 1,550 4,579 1,082 22 4,491 Southeast: Florida 9,424 5,362 933 680 0000 2,329 121 Georgia 15,224 4,210 8,997 856 305 0 0 16 800 40 North Carolina 12,530 601 7,831 2,572 717 0 20 217 436 136 South Carolina 8,034 871 6,016 542 49 0 0 15 451 90 Virginia 6,648 0 3,471 2,204 663 0 4 165 50 92 Total 51,861 11,044 27,248 6,855 1,733 0 24 413 4,066 478 South Central: Alabama 11,101 1,953 8,075 806 4 0 0 6 160 97 Arkansas 9,342 0 8,865 0 0 0 0 0 247 229 Kentucky 1,213 0 271 603 23 0 0 65 3 248 Louisiana 9,928 1,227 7,107 92 0000 1,497 5 Mississippi 9,208 1,367 7,385 159 0 0 0 0 215 82 Oklahoma 1,421 0 1,369 0 0 0 0 0 3 48 Tennessee 2,893 0 1,065 1,114 254 0 0 142 81 237 Texas 7,879 339 7,380 0 0 0 0 0 109 50 Total 52,985 4,886 41,517 2,774 281 0 0 213 2,317 997
East total: 154,222 15,931 70,154 11,719 17,072 1,564 13,787 8,657 6,408 8,931 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. and State, 1997

Million cubic feet

## 111 Table 22—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and

Select Select Other Other Subregion white red white red Yellow Hard Soft and State Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

Northeast: Connecticut 2,313 168 461 46 281 115 38 103 577 39 Delaware 471 67 12 5 80 7 0 0 112 10 Maine 9,209 17 499 0 20 1 940 1,584 2,328 929 Maryland 3,695 412 283 257 482 135 3 56 498 148 Massachusetts 3,254 140 617 5 370 54 89 219 963 98 New Hampshire 5,220 73 788 3 93 30 471 766 1,319 442 New Jersey 1,855 197 146 127 300 52 5 45 273 33 New York 16,427 269 1,250 268 209 442 580 3,532 3,554 1,280 Pennsylvania 22,574 1,279 2,515 1,635 1,195 612 244 2,193 4,475 1,122 Rhode Island 350 38 73 0 106 2 5 1 76 10 Vermont 5,812 22 289 23 4 45 489 1,941 1,041 486 West Virginia 19,054 1,755 1,691 1,903 1,793 1,351 197 1,095 1,524 870 Total 90,234 4,437 8,625 4,271 4,932 2,846 3,062 11,533 16,741 5,466 North Central: Illinois 4,717 883 314 134 748 522 0 163 342 12 Indiana 6,623 783 392 141 621 709 0 666 346 162 Iowa 1,651 336 189 2 90 139 0 47 163 0 Michigan 19,134 821 1,607 1 399 158 501 4,064 3,463 478 Minnesota 10,564 650 821 0 37 26 23 408 347 0 Missouri 8,135 2,217 374 881 2,458 886 0 67 123 1 Ohio 9,758 933 557 314 670 912 2 799 971 422 Wisconsin 14,059 927 1,730 0 660 219 261 2,155 1,907 48 Total 74,640 7,550 5,983 1,474 5,682 3,572 786 8,369 7,662 1,122 Southeast: Florida 5,942 30 2 443 1,374 122 0 13 445 7 Georgia 16,480 1,458 384 1,164 3,966 853 0 21 937 75 North Carolina 20,212 2,065 1,032 1,499 2,541 961 68 173 2,159 355 South Carolina 8,651 733 226 332 1,735 395 0 8 633 38 Virginia 19,838 2,880 1,484 2,570 2,692 1,262 15 251 1,538 523 Total 71,124 7,167 3,126 6,008 12,307 3,593 83 467 5,712 1,000 South Central: Alabama 11,974 1,109 379 875 2,723 1,138 0 35 269 103 Arkansas 12,344 2,154 1,106 1,281 2,628 1,253 0 63 135 65 Kentucky 14,739 1,982 777 1,288 1,918 1,771 2 814 753 665 Louisiana 8,916 411 365 450 1,990 563 0 7 244 149 Mississippi 11,402 975 749 559 2,716 786 0 13 195 130 Oklahoma 2,203 158 170 509 382 288 0 3 29 0 Tennessee 13,753 2,093 836 1,570 2,045 1,608 3 471 601 311 Texas 5,060 311 238 655 1,499 219 0 5 57 37 Total 80,392 9,194 4,620 7,186 15,900 7,625 5 1,411 2,283 1,458
East total: 316,390 28,348 22,354 18,939 38,821 17,635 3,936 21,780 32,399 9,047 State, 1997

Million cubic feetTable 22—(continued).

Tupelo Cottonand wood Other Subregion black Bass- Yellow- and Black Black hardand State Sweetgum gum Ash wood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

Northeast: Connecticut 0 8 153 2 38 20 0 28 237 Delaware 85 27 8 0 32 1 1 16 9 Maine 0 0 402 34 0 1,225 0 34 1,195 Maryland 318 134 79 13 555 18 19 82 201 Massachusetts 0 10 207 6 6 62 0 162 246 New Hampshire 0 0 287 19 0 253 0 60 617 New Jersey 138 55 159 8 151 11 19 14 123 New York 0 10 1,417 470 61 1,047 27 1,075 935 Pennsylvania 8 151 1,138 320 816 665 100 2,391 1,715 Rhode Island 0 3 23 002018 Vermont 0 0 410 43 0 261 0 120 639 West Virginia 7 189 464 562 3,081 45 128 700 1,698 Total 556 588 4,748 1,476 4,740 3,611 295 4,683 7,623 North Central: Illinois 45 28 261 54 52 160 119 88 792 Indiana 85 50 494 70 747 219 174 152 811 Iowa 0 0 56 106 0 170 64 19 270 Michigan 0 6 1,155 909 39 3,696 54 497 1,289 Minnesota 0 0 892 699 0 4,781 14 16 1,850 Missouri 8 46 147 14 4 155 148 19 586 Ohio 11 68 803 153 845 298 182 648 1,171 Wisconsin 0 0 989 1,092 0 2,581 48 200 1,239 Total 148 199 4,798 3,098 1,686 12,061 804 1,639 8,007 Southeast: Florida 563 1,484 339 13 83 0 0 21 1,002 Georgia 2,408 1,932 313 14 1,981 7 21 98 847 North Carolina 2,051 1,937 488 130 3,271 28 49 85 1,320 South Carolina 1,626 1,436 271 4 731 53 12 26 392 Virginia 924 459 341 172 3,472 2 115 80 1,058 Total 7,573 7,248 1,752 334 9,538 92 197 311 4,618 South Central: Alabama 1,934 1,039 260 38 1,010 15 7 58 982 Arkansas 1,510 464 347 20 11 143 31 59 1,073 Kentucky 217 239 570 124 1,961 74 183 103 1,299 Louisiana 1,664 1,090 426 6 62 132 2 20 1,338 Mississippi 2,009 733 370 18 575 108 10 91 1,365 Oklahoma 37 19 125 1 0 90 32 13 348 Tennessee 582 273 430 66 1,665 33 91 102 972 Texas 1,105 248 161 2 0 27 5 6 484 Total 9,058 4,106 2,689 275 5,283 621 362 452 7,862
East total: 17,336 12,141 13,987 5,183 21,247 16,384 1,658 7,085 28,111 Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million cubic feet



## 112

## 113 Table 23—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 2,313 2,293 2,237 1,548 1,146 0 0 0 0 0 370 343 190 164 121 Delaware 471 469 457 318 219 0 0 0 0 0 40 17 18 6 4 Maine 9,209 7,938 6,543 6,048 5,378 45 27 46 21 18 367 253 87 60 51 Maryland 3,695 3,685 2,699 2,359 2,053 0 0 0 0 0 432 437 260 163 142 Massachusetts 3,254 3,040 2,454 1,567 1,240 0 0 0 0 0 597 504 326 208 164 New Hampshire 5,220 4,471 3,760 2,659 1,757 597 727 623 732 483 426 226 128 57 38 New Jersey 1,855 1,332 1,282 1,112 917 0 0 0 0 0 382 315 182 57 47 New York 16,427 15,154 9,732 8,605 7,775 18 6000 1,327 1,245 647 572 517 Pennsylvania 22,574 22,763 21,625 15,602 11,716 983 1,184 1,184 591 444 4,766 4,645 4,175 3,012 2,262 Rhode Island 350 369 305 217 146 0 0 0 0 0 56 84 17 16 11 Vermont 5,812 4,233 3,164 2,320 2,228 339 331 155 158 152 590 507 157 114 109 West Virginia 19,054 14,777 13,062 10,480 8,622 1,715 1,799 1,741 1,078 886 806 534 291 409 337 Total 90,234 80,524 67,320 52,835 43,197 3,696 4,074 3,749 2,580 1,983 10,158 9,110 6,478 4,838 3,803
North Central: Illinois 4,717 4,717 4,185 3,387 2,387 257 257 198 109 69 250 250 174 61 36 Indiana 6,623 5,015 3,671 3,366 2,876 280 217 156 145 50 717 511 250 229 186 Iowa 1,651 1,244 1,032 1,329 1,357 0 0 0 3 1 164 145 118 53 19 Michigan 19,134 14,414 13,103 10,668 7,610 2,100 1,689 1,392 1,035 578 3,332 2,587 2,524 2,176 1,419 Minnesota 10,564 9,645 7,978 6,060 4,253 1,193 1,045 1,000 808 570 3,619 3,543 2,899 2,320 1,434 Missouri 8,135 7,334 5,631 5,489 5,450 872 899 665 632 578 437 265 153 96 109 Ohio 9,758 7,227 6,121 3,762 3,153 302 202 190 86 72 531 321 312 223 187 Wisconsin 14,059 12,300 10,117 7,731 6,412 1,277 1,161 882 673 564 2,381 2,490 1,913 1,461 1,193 Total 74,640 61,896 51,838 41,792 33,498 6,281 5,470 4,483 3,491 2,482 11,430 10,112 8,343 6,619 4,583
North total: 164,874 142,420 119,158 94,627 76,695 9,977 9,544 8,232 6,071 4,465 21,588 19,222 14,821 11,457 8,386
South: Southeast: Florida 5,942 5,665 4,700 4,001 3,517 269 214 187 139 103 1,065 741 238 108 76 Georgia 16,480 14,917 13,322 10,188 8,600 922 874 841 723 611 927 588 443 295 250 North Carolina 20,212 19,778 17,705 13,526 12,323 1,913 1,929 1,462 1,163 936 767 574 382 311 197 South Carolina 8,651 8,898 8,089 6,202 5,412 369 407 385 259 195 362 336 278 167 76 Virginia 19,838 18,896 16,875 13,081 11,681 2,300 2,079 1,804 1,051 939 942 767 651 274 246 Total 71,124 68,154 60,691 46,998 41,533 5,773 5,503 4,679 3,335 2,784 4,062 3,006 1,992 1,155 845
South Central: Alabama 11,974 10,484 9,489 7,782 6,477 369 326 259 218 147 464 330 203 142 83 Arkansas 12,344 10,655 9,048 9,257 9,469 1,942 1,529 1,247 997 656 1,156 639 475 563 360 Kentucky 14,739 13,500 11,052 8,357 5,858 883 799 627 448 314 501 393 351 258 181 Louisiana 8,916 8,440 7,813 8,311 6,756 293 290 214 147 89 674 617 306 142 114 Mississippi 11,402 10,069 8,305 6,282 6,370 760 662 502 395 144 804 363 366 188 199 Oklahoma 2,203 1,221 1,051 827 840 66 80 75 55 43 152 130 97 31 31 Tennessee 13,753 11,582 9,798 7,818 7,023 701 626 503 388 276 1,087 716 510 403 378 Texas 5,060 4,923 4,918 3,353 3,682 236 190 149 145 116 118 119 93 23 19 Total 80,392 70,874 61,474 51,987 46,475 5,249 4,502 3,576 2,793 1,785 4,956 3,307 2,401 1,750 1,365
South total: 151,515 139,028 122,165 98,985 88,008 11,022 10,005 8,255 6,128 4,569 9,018 6,313 4,393 2,905 2,210 Million cubic feet All owners National forest Other publica

## 114 Table 23—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 1,238 847 584 483 477 0 0 0 0 0 67 46 24 20 16 Nebraska 643 312 304 292 285 0 1 1 0 0 53 16 13 9 7 North Dakota 327 239 257 248 257 1 0 0 0 0 32 39 79 77 79 South Dakota 161 70 128 79 79 9 9 9 3 2 7 11 22 14 13 Total 2,368 1,468 1,273 1,102 1,098 10 10 10 3 2 159 112 138 120 115
Intermountain: Arizona 368 336 220 206 174 164 151 133 126 103 0 185 48 44 39 Colorado 3,865 3,222 2,413 2,031 1,787 2,531 1,876 1,638 1,315 1,147 285 304 150 139 124 Idaho 784 503 223 235 213 268 152 67 86 77 116 149 49 46 42 Montana 561 405 287 267 248 108 40 46 33 28 37 33 62 59 55 Nevada 33 29 13 14 12 27 27 13 14 12 5 1 0 0 0 New Mexico 549 496 599 545 457 371 308 240 222 178 16 41 32 29 25 Utah 1,655 881 878 989 898 1,146 572 444 592 546 127 68 145 133 118 Wyoming 433 341 232 207 187 169 76 81 67 61 79 81 58 54 48 Total 8,251 6,213 4,865 4,494 3,976 4,783 3,202 2,662 2,455 2,152 664 862 544 504 451 Rocky Mountain total: 10,618 7,681 6,138 5,596 5,074 4,793 3,212 2,672 2,458 2,154 823 974 682 624 566
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 3,145 4,209 4,222 4,191 4,189 176 146 237 248 248 1,930 1,751 3,864 3,861 3,902 Total 3,145 4,209 4,222 4,191 4,189 176 146 237 248 248 1,930 1,751 3,864 3,861 3,902
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 6,526 6,066 4,819 5,146 4,217 1,185 1,135 897 870 723 1,535 1,124 1,198 830 628 Washington 6,523 6,937 5,703 4,101 2,859 372 335 141 146 121 1,311 1,319 1,124 754 507 Total 13,049 13,003 10,522 9,247 7,076 1,557 1,470 1,038 1,016 844 2,846 2,443 2,322 1,584 1,135
Pacific Southwest: California 8,337 7,464 3,693 2,975 2,828 2,264 2,184 1,133 1,286 1,276 319 554 283 190 218 Hawaii 276 276 198 219 220 0 0 0 0 0 122 122 95 99 99 Total 8,613 7,740 3,891 3,194 3,048 2,264 2,184 1,133 1,286 1,276 440 676 378 289 317
Pacific Coast total: 24,808 24,952 18,635 16,632 14,313 3,997 3,800 2,408 2,550 2,368 5,216 4,870 6,564 5,734 5,354

United States: 351,816 314,081 266,096 215,840 184,090 29,789 26,561 21,567 17,207 13,556 36,645 31,379 26,460 20,720 16,516 Million cubic feet All owners National forest Other publica

## 115 Table 23—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 0 0 0 2 2 1,943 1,950 2,047 1,382 1,023 Delaware 2 8 10 23 13 429 444 429 289 202 Maine 3,582 3,711 3,311 2,490 2,215 5,215 3,947 3,099 3,477 3,094 Maryland 107 102 97 61 53 3,157 3,146 2,342 2,135 1,858 Massachusetts 82 94 43 121 96 2,575 2,442 2,085 1,238 980 New Hampshire 452 628 629 364 241 3,745 2,890 2,380 1,506 995 New Jersey 0 0 28 2 2 1,473 1,017 1,072 1,053 868 New York 1,522 1,253 902 798 721 13,560 12,650 8,183 7,235 6,537 Pennsylvania 1,120 1,246 945 682 512 15,706 15,688 15,321 11,317 8,498 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 294 285 288 201 135 Vermont 277 346 533 401 385 4,607 3,049 2,319 1,647 1,582 West Virginia 1,558 1,447 1,138 610 502 14,975 10,997 9,892 8,383 6,897 Total 8,700 8,835 7,636 5,554 4,742 67,680 58,505 49,457 39,863 32,669
North Central: Illinois 14 14 12 10 15 4,196 4,196 3,801 3,207 2,267 Indiana 26 24 22 20 21 5,599 4,263 3,243 2,972 2,619 Iowa 0 0 12 4 5 1,487 1,099 902 1,269 1,332 Michigan 1,572 1,744 1,657 1,398 1,175 12,130 8,394 7,530 6,059 4,438 Minnesota 369 430 371 295 213 5,383 4,627 3,708 2,637 2,036 Missouri 137 185 146 100 109 6,688 5,985 4,667 4,661 4,654 Ohio 198 105 183 104 87 8,727 6,599 5,436 3,349 2,807 Wisconsin 957 928 973 742 423 9,444 7,721 6,349 4,855 4,232 Total 3,274 3,430 3,376 2,673 2,048 53,655 42,884 35,636 29,009 24,385
North total: 11,974 12,265 11,012 8,227 6,790 121,335 101,389 85,093 68,872 57,054
South: Southeast: Florida 1,230 1,477 1,511 1,209 1,053 3,378 3,232 2,764 2,545 2,285 Georgia 1,914 2,388 2,097 1,396 1,178 12,718 11,067 9,941 7,774 6,561 North Carolina 1,433 1,540 1,402 1,393 1,762 16,099 15,735 14,459 10,659 9,428 South Carolina 1,262 1,554 1,418 1,165 651 6,658 6,601 6,008 4,611 4,490 Virginia 1,017 1,198 1,114 1,057 944 15,579 14,852 13,306 10,699 9,552 Total 6,857 8,157 7,542 6,220 5,588 54,432 51,487 46,478 36,288 32,316
South Central: Alabama 1,921 1,739 1,647 1,230 887 9,220 8,089 7,380 6,192 5,360 Arkansas 1,923 2,337 2,023 2,194 1,359 7,324 6,150 5,303 5,503 7,094 Kentucky 230 231 241 244 171 13,125 12,077 9,833 7,407 5,192 Louisiana 1,778 1,652 1,851 1,447 1,077 6,171 5,881 5,442 6,575 5,476 Mississippi 1,379 1,357 1,407 977 664 8,460 7,687 6,030 4,722 5,363 Oklahoma 173 157 211 130 129 1,811 854 668 611 637 Tennessee 919 984 881 537 408 11,046 9,256 7,904 6,490 5,961 Texas 1,165 1,137 1,400 994 961 3,542 3,477 3,276 2,191 2,586 Total 9,488 9,594 9,661 7,753 5,656 60,699 53,471 45,836 39,691 37,669
South total: 16,344 17,751 17,203 13,973 11,244 115,131 104,958 92,314 75,979 69,985 Million cubic feet Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea

## 116 Table 23—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 1,170 801 560 463 461 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 590 295 290 283 278 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 294 200 178 171 178 South Dakota 0 0 1 0 0 145 50 96 62 64 Total 0 0 1 0 0 2,198 1,346 1,124 979 981
Intermountain: Arizona 0 0 0 0 0 204 0 39 36 32 Colorado 0 0 0 0 0 1,049 1,042 625 577 516 Idaho 20 17 28 34 35 381 185 79 69 59 Montana 10 16 6 8 9 407 316 173 167 156 Nevada 1 0 0 0 0 01000 New Mexico 0 0 0 15 13 163 147 327 279 241 Utah 0 0 0 0 0 383 241 289 264 234 Wyoming 0 0 3 3 3 186 184 90 83 75 Total 31 33 37 60 60 2,773 2,116 1,622 1,475 1,313 Rocky Mountain total: 31 33 38 60 60 4,971 3,462 2,746 2,454 2,294
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 1,040 2,312 121 82 39 Total 0 0 0 0 0 1,040 2,312 121 82 39
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 1,502 1,524 1,302 1,211 940 2,303 2,283 1,422 2,235 1,926 Washington 1,973 2,364 2,053 1,464 960 2,882 2,919 2,385 1,737 1,271 Total 3,475 3,888 3,355 2,675 1,900 5,185 5,202 3,807 3,972 3,197
Pacific Southwest: California 1,701 1,374 679 449 336 4,054 3,352 1,598 1,050 998 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 154 154 103 120 121 Total 1,701 1,374 679 449 336 4,208 3,506 1,701 1,170 1,119
Pacific Coast total: 5,176 5,262 4,034 3,124 2,236 10,433 11,020 5,629 5,224 4,355

United States: 33,526 35,311 32,287 25,384 20,330 251,870 220,829 185,782 152,529 133,688

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet

## 117 Table 24—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, and 1963

Ponderosa Total and Western Region All soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka and subregion Year species woods fir pines fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 3,931 1,563 0 1,028 0 00000 1987 3,394 1,912 0 1,834 0 00000 1977 3,072 1,799 0 1,707 0 00000 1963 2,574 1,472 0 1,388 0 00000

Intermountain 1997 121,368 113,118 29,052 16,426 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0 1987 104,603 98,386 22,560 15,544 14,861 971 2 1,578 0 0 1977 98,177 93,312 20,475 14,762 13,591 1,462 1 2,184 0 0 1963 96,245 91,751 19,913 15,650 12,984 1,694 4 3,069 0 0
Rocky Mountain total: 1997 125,299 114,681 29,052 17,454 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0 1987 107,997 100,298 22,560 17,378 14,861 971 2 1,578 0 0 1977 101,249 95,111 20,475 16,469 13,591 1,462 1 2,184 0 0 1963 98,819 93,223 19,913 17,038 12,984 1,694 4 3,069 0 0

Pacific Coast: Alaskaa 1997 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519 1987 41,262 37,051 0 0 15 15,873 0 0 0 10,145 1977 52,499 48,277 0 0 179 30,259 0 0 0 10,500 1963 53,617 49,426 0 0 97 30,083 0 0 0 16,111

Pacific Northwest 1997 149,018 135,969 69,559 11,564 16,332 19,806 689 386 32 328 1987 143,700 130,711 63,660 11,094 17,060 20,049 588 343 45 1,771 1977 143,057 132,535 60,076 12,634 16,926 24,266 761 888 91 1,466 1963 154,241 144,994 64,250 15,613 19,816 24,892 900 1,231 46 1,601

Pacific Southwest 1997 57,785 49,172 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0 1987 54,055 46,311 12,700 8,695 12,689 42 3,031 319 5,114 36 1977 49,870 45,979 12,786 9,124 12,804 129 3,355 231 4,302 48 1963 56,559 53,365 17,277 10,210 13,428 69 3,694 305 5,352 33

Pacific Coast total: 1997 239,758 214,951 83,457 21,286 29,680 31,262 3,649 662 4,642 8,848 1987 239,017 214,073 76,361 19,789 29,765 35,964 3,619 662 5,159 11,952 1977 245,426 226,791 72,862 21,758 29,909 54,654 4,116 1,119 4,393 12,014 1963 264,417 247,785 81,526 25,823 33,340 55,044 4,594 1,537 5,398 17,745

West total: 1997 365,057 329,631 112,509 38,741 48,592 32,324 3,650 1,196 4,642 8,848 1987 347,014 314,371 98,921 37,166 44,626 36,935 3,621 2,240 5,159 11,952 1977 346,675 321,902 93,337 38,226 43,500 56,116 4,117 3,303 4,393 12,014 1963 363,236 341,008 101,439 42,861 46,324 56,739 4,598 4,606 5,398 17,745 Softwoods

Million cubic feet

## 118 Table 24—(continued).

Engelmann Cottonand Other Total wood Other Region other Western Incense- Lodgepole soft- hard- and Red hardand subregion Year spruces larch cedar pine woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 48 0 0 0 486 2,368 9 0 0 2,359 1987 61 0 0 0 17 1,482 463 0 314 705 1977 62 0 0 0 30 1,273 424 0 197 651 1963 63 0 0 0 21 1,102 387 0 217 499

Intermountain 1997 15,260 3,704 3 22,269 5,896 8,250 7,808 0 0 442 1987 13,515 4,816 3 21,131 3,405 6,217 6,172 0 0 45 1977 12,932 3,876 1 19,857 4,171 4,865 4,758 0 0 107 1963 12,689 6,153 4 16,806 2,785 4,494 4,421 6 0 67
Rocky Mountain total: 1997 15,308 3,704 3 22,269 6,382 10,618 7,817 0 0 2,801 1987 13,576 4,816 3 21,131 3,422 7,699 6,635 0 314 750 1977 12,994 3,876 1 19,857 4,201 6,138 5,182 0 197 759 1963 12,752 6,153 4 16,806 2,806 5,596 4,808 6 217 565

Pacific Coast: Alaska 1997 4,605 0 0 38 4,827 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557 1987 6,052 0 0 39 4,927 4,211 1,827 62 0 2,322 1977 2,889 0 0 57 4,392 4,222 1,863 214 0 2,145 1963 6 0 0 28 3,101 4,191 3,706 436 0 48

Pacific Northwest 1997 2,825 2,254 723 4,012 7,459 13,049 740 7,535 484 4,290 1987 1,863 2,365 624 4,479 6,768 12,990 600 8,290 606 3,494 1977 1,273 2,568 648 5,640 5,298 10,522 348 6,781 486 2,906 1963 1,386 2,413 776 3,826 8,243 9,247 346 5,111 756 3,034

Pacific Southwest 1997 36 0 2,849 911 534 8,613 35 218 4,320 4,041 1987 14 0 2,365 861 445 7,744 20 133 5,728 1,863 1977 7 0 2,004 870 319 3,891 21 64 1,796 2,010 1963 0 0 1,699 903 395 3,194 41 61 892 2,200

Pacific Coast total: 1997 7,466 2,254 3,571 4,960 12,821 24,808 2,330 7,786 4,804 9,888 1987 7,929 2,365 2,989 5,379 12,140 24,944 2,447 8,485 6,334 7,679 1977 4,169 2,568 2,652 6,567 10,009 18,635 2,232 7,059 2,282 7,062 1963 1,392 2,413 2,476 4,757 11,739 16,632 4,094 5,609 1,647 5,282

West total: a 1997 22,773 5,958 3,574 27,229 19,203 35,425 10, 147 7,786 4,804 12,689 1987 27,072 7,181 2,992 26,549 20,412 32,644 9,082 8,485 6,648 8,429 1977 19,697 6,444 2,653 26,481 18,509 24,773 7,414 7,059 2,480 7,821 1963 13,970 8,567 2,479 21,592 17,586 22,228 8,901 5,615 1,864 5,848

a Data for Englemann and other spruces included in other softwoods for 1963. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Softwoods

Million cubic feet Hardwoods

## 119 Table 25—Net volume of all growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1 997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 2,755 2,707 2,662 1,762 1,304 0 0 0 0 0 412 412 240 186 137 Delaware 639 642 625 549 455 0 0 0 0 0 47 25 27 11 9 Maine 20,891 22,448 22,603 18,611 15,471 93 51 68 39 33 875 780 352 196 163 Maryland 4,511 4,490 3,492 3,134 2,770 0 0 0 0 0 511 515 342 194 170 Massachusetts 4,862 4,729 3,893 2,539 1,871 0 0 0 0 0 820 774 589 328 242 New Hampshire 9,039 7,879 7,286 5,193 3,965 929 1,087 899 1,022 736 783 453 187 128 100 New Jersey 2,378 1,895 1,534 1,394 1,167 0 0 0 0 0 603 571 240 86 73 New York 21,828 20,089 13,256 11,642 10,523 24 7000 2,062 1,893 1,089 953 861 Pennsylvania 24,903 24,746 23,403 17,038 12,945 1,045 1,252 1,244 636 482 5,156 4,875 4,388 3,184 2,409 Rhode Island 394 428 413 240 161 0 0 0 0 0 68 110 21 18 12 Vermont 8,675 6,243 4,990 3,699 3,479 404 376 194 196 187 741 637 249 156 147 West Virginia 20,303 15,837 14,154 11,068 9,114 1,982 1,979 1,980 1,219 1,004 878 561 309 442 365 Total 121,179 112,133 98,311 76,869 63,225 4,478 4,752 4,385 3,112 2,442 12,956 11,606 8,033 5,882 4,688
North Central: Illinois 4,835 4,835 4,266 3,412 2,404 304 304 233 126 74 275 275 189 62 36 Indiana 6,900 5,216 3,759 3,418 2,903 309 239 170 153 53 751 528 270 241 200 Iowa 1,669 1,251 1,038 1,334 1,361 0 0 0 3 1 164 145 118 53 19 Michigan 26,735 20,972 18,304 14,292 9,980 3,604 3,026 2,346 1,622 849 5,363 4,332 3,831 3,028 1,953 Minnesota 15,268 13,731 11,455 9,444 6,951 2,223 1,964 1,871 1,713 1,350 5,691 5,418 4,464 3,885 2,549 Missouri 8,998 7,935 6,023 5,805 5,714 1,184 1,172 842 795 712 505 287 165 103 114 Ohio 10,159 7,553 6,395 3,871 3,249 330 222 206 94 79 577 347 337 233 196 Wisconsin 18,509 16,412 13,457 9,843 7,961 1,905 1,813 1,357 973 700 3,376 3,620 2,697 1,957 1,678 Total 93,072 77,905 64,697 51,419 40,523 9,859 8,740 7,025 5,479 3,818 16,702 14,952 12,071 9,562 6,745
North total: 214,251 190,038 163,008 128,288 103,748 14,337 13,492 11,410 8,591 6,260 29,657 26,558 20,104 15,444 11,433
South: Southeast: Florida 15,366 14,970 13,450 10,686 8,901 1,264 1,087 1,099 796 652 2,607 1,896 990 494 388 Georgia 31,704 30,787 29,418 22,701 19,351 1,428 1,251 1,309 1,121 977 2,129 1,557 1,299 1,104 906 North Carolina 32,742 32,064 29,231 23,160 21,420 2,459 2,452 1,958 1,519 1,273 1,512 1,153 786 658 470 South Carolina 16,685 17,733 16,797 12,268 10,212 951 1,151 1,143 862 777 966 921 740 493 188 Virginia 26,487 25,219 22,803 18,357 17,197 2,663 2,410 2,116 1,280 1,179 1,300 1,118 947 495 477 Total 122,985 120,773 111,699 87,172 77,081 8,764 8,351 7,625 5,578 4,858 8,514 6,645 4,762 3,244 2,429
South Central: Alabama 23,075 21,812 20,958 16,466 12,352 931 985 820 635 425 733 559 419 309 181 Arkansas 21,686 19,241 17,021 15,069 14,109 3,837 3,206 2,767 2,146 1,542 1,440 863 630 617 401 Kentucky 15,952 14,610 11,968 8,924 6,351 1,041 963 780 608 453 536 397 355 330 244 Louisiana 18,844 18,992 17,155 14,668 11,009 1,024 1,065 938 658 357 1,026 894 512 262 197 Mississippi 20,611 19,815 17,235 11,541 10,044 2,133 2,136 1,755 1,484 723 1,312 631 742 409 541 Oklahoma 3,624 2,219 2,062 1,519 1,381 294 249 202 153 116 225 188 147 33 33 Tennessee 16,646 14,292 12,001 9,298 8,250 1,004 972 777 681 496 1,390 957 699 505 480 Texas 12,939 12,887 13,274 9,415 7,893 1,379 1,392 1,207 1,302 796 246 276 237 109 68 Total 133,377 123,868 111,674 86,900 71,389 11,645 10,968 9,246 7,667 4,908 6,907 4,765 3,741 2,574 2,145
South total: 256,361 244,641 223,373 174,072 148,470 20,409 19,319 16,871 13,245 9,766 15,421 11,410 8,503 5,818 4,574 Million cubic feet All owners National forest Other publica

## 120 Table 25—(continued).

Region, subreg ion , and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 1,254 853 585 483 477 0 0 0 0 0 68 46 24 20 16 Nebraska 854 489 452 395 358 54 32 29 22 19 75 33 26 17 11 North Dakota 330 242 257 248 257 2 0 0 0 0 32 39 79 77 79 South Dakota 1,492 1,796 1,778 1,448 1,315 1,099 1,279 1,354 1,143 1,048 55 129 122 76 64 Total 3,931 3,380 3,072 2,574 2,407 1,155 1,311 1,383 1,165 1,067 230 247 251 190 170
Intermountain: Arizona 5,977 6,316 4,983 4,895 4,774 4,095 4,327 3,341 3,203 2,991 47 1,938 1,497 1,546 1,635 Colorado 20,028 19,448 15,037 13,805 12,713 14,323 13,687 11,124 10,138 9,352 1,646 1,669 863 809 742 Idaho 39,256 32,591 31,885 30,477 28,890 29,848 23,592 21,656 20,298 18,971 3,468 3,629 3,316 3,138 3,034 Montana 34,815 28,016 27,978 30,060 27,615 25,256 18,635 18,136 19,645 17,472 2,354 2,491 2,605 2,553 2,390 Nevada 339 419 263 258 247 154 233 99 100 91 62 13 9 9 9 New Mexico 5,578 6,124 6,396 6,284 5,971 3,497 4,038 3,112 3,058 2,756 140 717 1,379 1,366 1,377 Utah 7,363 4,794 4,440 4,715 4,555 5,721 3,603 3,252 3,529 3,331 500 413 557 564 594 Wyoming 8,012 6,891 7,195 5,751 5,448 5,739 4,618 5,650 4,301 4,136 803 951 634 596 538 Total 121,370 104,599 98,177 96,245 90,213 88,632 72,733 66,370 64,272 59,100 9,020 11,821 10,860 10,581 10,319 Rocky Mountain total: 125,300 107,979 101,249 98,819 92,620 89,787 74,044 67,753 65,437 60,167 9,250 12,068 11,111 10,771 10,489
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 32,955 41,260 52,499 53,617 53,338 18,909 24,214 35,651 38,476 39,098 7,020 7,631 16,064 14,776 13,983 Total 32,955 41,260 52,499 53,617 53,338 18,909 24,214 35,651 38,476 39,098 7,020 7,631 16,064 14,776 13,983
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 83,296 76,620 79,554 88,573 91,797 49,178 43,237 45,801 48,970 46,211 13,593 13,929 13,907 14,065 15,900 Washington 65,724 67,067 63,503 65,668 64,853 27,693 23,832 22,974 25,507 25,625 11,034 15,117 14,324 13,842 13,112 Total 149,020 143,687 143,057 154,241 156,650 76,871 67,069 68,775 74,477 71,836 24,627 29,046 28,231 27,907 29,012
Pacific Southwest: California 57,505 53,771 49,668 56,340 60,834 31,803 29,397 29,206 30,677 30,866 1,639 1,799 1,391 1,625 2,110 Hawaii 280 280 202 223 224 0 0 0 0 0 125 125 98 102 102 Total 57,785 54,051 49,870 56,563 61,058 31,803 29,397 29,206 30,677 30,866 1,763 1,924 1,489 1,727 2,212
Pacific Coast total: 239,760 238,998 245,426 264,421 271,046 127,583 120,680 133,632 143,630 141,800 33,410 38,601 45,784 44,410 45,207

United States: 835,672 781,656 733,056 665,600 615,884 252,115 227,535 229,666 230,903 217,993 87,738 88,637 85,502 76,443 71,703 Million cubic feet National forest Other publica All owners

## 121 Table 25—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 00022 2,343 2,295 2,422 1,574 1,165 Delaware 20 26 38 40 27 573 591 560 498 419 Maine 8,352 11,560 12,431 7,712 6,409 11,571 10,057 9,752 10,664 8,866 Maryland 187 181 188 130 117 3,813 3,794 2,962 2,810 2,483 Massachusetts 168 158 67 201 148 3,874 3,797 3,237 2,010 1,481 New Hampshire 721 1,061 1,429 790 612 6,607 5,278 4,771 3,253 2,517 New Jersey 0 0 28 3 3 1,775 1,324 1,266 1,305 1,091 New York 1,877 1,656 1,284 1,127 1,019 17,864 16,533 10,883 9,562 8,643 Pennsylvania 1,202 1,337 1,016 739 561 17,500 17,282 16,755 12,479 9,493 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 326 318 392 222 149 Vermont 350 474 745 604 569 7,180 4,756 3,802 2,743 2,576 West Virginia 1,627 1,573 1,234 633 521 15,816 11,724 10,631 8,774 7,224 Total 14,503 18,026 18,460 11,981 9,988 89,243 77,749 67,433 55,894 46,107
North Central: Illinois 14 14 13 12 16 4,242 4,242 3,831 3,212 2,278 Indiana 26 24 23 20 21 5,814 4,425 3,296 3,004 2,629 Iowa 0 0 12 4 5 1,505 1,106 908 1,274 1,336 Michigan 2,336 2,629 2,465 2,039 1,738 15,431 10,985 9,662 7,603 5,440 Minnesota 672 766 636 579 445 6,681 5,583 4,484 3,267 2,607 Missouri 173 206 167 109 116 7,136 6,270 4,849 4,798 4,772 Ohio 223 107 187 108 91 9,029 6,877 5,665 3,436 2,883 Wisconsin 1,257 1,337 1,563 1,116 533 11,972 9,642 7,840 5,797 5,050 Total 4,700 5,083 5,066 3,987 2,965 61,811 49,130 40,535 32,391 26,995
North total: 19,204 23,109 23,526 15,968 12,953 151,053 126,879 107,968 88,285 73,102
South: Southeast: Florida 3,541 4,164 4,300 3,362 2,742 7,954 7,822 7,061 6,034 5,119 Georgia 5,141 5,831 4,933 3,757 3,209 23,007 22,148 21,877 16,719 14,259 North Carolina 3,317 3,186 2,559 2,732 3,308 25,454 25,273 23,928 18,251 16,369 South Carolina 2,934 3,328 2,835 2,321 1,351 11,833 12,333 12,079 8,592 7,896 Virginia 2,154 2,365 2,057 1,857 1,781 20,370 19,326 17,683 14,725 13,760 Total 17,088 18,874 16,684 14,029 12,391 88,619 86,902 82,628 64,321 57,403
South Central: Alabama 4,920 4,541 4,530 3,634 2,521 16,491 15,727 15,189 11,888 9,225 Arkansas 5,394 5,528 5,143 5,390 3,731 11,015 9,644 8,481 6,916 8,435 Kentucky 242 237 247 256 181 14,133 13,013 10,586 7,730 5,473 Louisiana 4,633 4,431 4,576 4,272 3,029 12,161 12,602 11,129 9,476 7,426 Mississippi 3,270 3,179 3,133 2,437 2,118 13,896 13,869 11,605 7,211 6,662 Oklahoma 748 507 728 586 488 2,357 1,275 985 747 744 Tennessee 1,221 1,273 1,113 630 482 13,032 11,090 9,412 7,482 6,792 Texas 3,291 3,413 4,621 3,635 2,844 8,023 7,806 7,209 4,369 4,185 Total 23,719 23,109 24,091 20,840 15,394 91,106 85,026 74,596 55,819 48,942
South total: 40,807 41,983 40,775 34,869 27,785 179,725 171,928 157,224 120,140 106,345 Forest Industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet

## 122 Table 25—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 00000 1,186 807 561 463 461 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 725 424 397 356 328 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 296 203 178 171 178 South Dakota 0 12 20 10 8 339 376 282 219 195 Total 0 12 20 10 8 2,546 1,810 1,418 1,209 1,162
Intermountain: Arizona 00000 1,835 51 145 146 148 Colorado 0 0 21 20 19 4,059 4,092 3,029 2,838 2,600 Idaho 2,613 2,329 2,941 3,380 3,473 3,328 3,041 3,972 3,661 3,412 Montana 2,167 2,979 2,103 2,872 3,113 5,038 3,911 5,134 4,990 4,640 Nevada 24 0 16 15 15 100 173 139 134 132 New Mexico 0 3 0 127 126 1,942 1,366 1,905 1,733 1,712 Utah 00000 1,142 778 631 622 630 Wyoming 0 53 64 60 55 1,470 1,269 847 794 719 Total 4,803 5,364 5,145 6,474 6,801 18,914 14,681 15,802 14,918 13,993 Rocky Mountain total: 4,803 5,376 5,165 6,484 6,809 21,461 16,491 17,220 16,127 15,155
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 00000 7,027 9,415 784 365 257 Total 00000 7,027 9,415 784 365 257
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 11,176 11,535 13,412 16,675 20,000 9,349 7,919 6,434 8,863 9,686 Washington 13,504 16,768 15,770 17,371 18,600 13,493 11,350 10,435 8,948 7,516 Total 24,680 28,303 29,182 34,046 38,600 22,842 19,269 16,869 17,811 17,202
Pacific Southwest: California 10,294 9,292 8,136 10,088 11,604 13,769 13,283 10,935 13,950 16,254 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 156 155 104 121 122 Total 10,294 9,292 8,136 10,088 11,604 13,925 13,438 11,039 14,071 16,376
Pacific Coast total: 34,973 37,595 37,318 44,134 50,204 43,794 42,122 28,692 32,247 33,835

United States: 99,787 108,063 106,784 101,455 97,751 396,032 357,420 311,104 256,799 228,437

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Forest industry Nonindustrial privatea

Million cubic feet

## 123 Table 26—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Subregion and Select Select Other Other diameter class white red white red Yellow Hard Soft (in inches) Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

Northeast: 5.0 - 6.9 8,137 310 362 255 260 261 317 955 2,051 551 7.0 - 8.9 13,420 537 772 577 522 473 516 1,660 3,177 813 9.0 - 10.9 15,604 696 1,118 773 701 576 578 1,963 3,306 944 11.0 - 12.9 14,110 662 1,300 713 712 492 491 1,824 2,614 841 13.0 - 14.9 12,048 615 1,254 625 716 402 388 1,539 2,021 674 15.0 - 16.9 9,054 501 1,082 480 609 269 262 1,174 1,300 522 17.0 - 18.9 6,165 355 851 302 445 156 184 764 827 407 19.0 - 20.9 4,145 247 578 201 340 110 111 525 494 272 21.0 - 28.9 6,160 396 1,039 300 524 95 176 905 772 387 29.0 + 1,391 118 270 47 103 11 40 225 179 56 Total 90,234 4,437 8,625 4,271 4,932 2,846 3,062 11,533 16,741 5,466
North Central: 5.0 - 6.9 7,436 443 197 167 350 354 81 1,082 1,060 55 7.0 - 8.9 10,575 669 433 230 569 542 106 1,384 1,348 80 9.0 - 10.9 12,210 928 709 234 731 590 127 1,414 1,354 114 11.0 - 12.9 11,341 988 866 223 836 595 114 1,173 1,082 115 13.0 - 14.9 9,678 1,048 870 200 830 502 100 957 827 130 15.0 - 16.9 7,475 976 759 159 728 409 93 776 597 123 17.0 - 18.9 5,305 767 610 109 517 279 59 572 443 124 19.0 - 20.9 3,499 539 453 73 372 120 40 405 286 94 21.0 - 28.9 5,798 957 851 74 622 171 62 554 527 231 29.0 + 1,323 237 236 6 126 10 4 55 138 55 Total 74,640 7,550 5,983 1,474 5,682 3,572 786 8,369 7,662 1,122
Southeast: 5.0 - 6.9 5,598 401 115 337 869 265 8 48 803 52 7.0 - 8.9 7,861 643 168 652 1,279 419 11 63 930 73 9.0 - 10.9 9,542 905 244 773 1,609 566 12 56 877 97 11.0 - 12.9 10,208 1,051 336 803 1,734 562 3 53 841 111 13.0 - 14.9 9,781 1,066 381 764 1,644 511 6 56 713 124 15.0 - 16.9 8,365 952 410 632 1,392 429 11 59 514 140 17.0 - 18.9 6,387 724 339 570 1,128 322 8 44 404 128 19.0 - 20.9 4,613 509 315 406 875 202 7 29 249 82 21.0 - 28.9 7,219 788 644 789 1,396 283 17 44 335 164 29.0 + 1,550 130 176 282 381 34 0 13 47 30 Total 71,124 7,167 3,126 6,008 12,307 3,593 83 467 5,712 1,000 Million cubic feet

## 124 Table 26—(continued).

Subregion and Select Select Other Other diameter class white red white red Yellow Hard Soft (in inches) Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

South Central: 5.0 - 6.9 6,605 668 162 584 872 681 1 161 437 46 7.0 - 8.9 9,823 1,077 334 976 1,467 1,084 1 217 445 81 9.0 - 10.9 11,838 1,370 473 1,151 2,011 1,326 0 239 391 106 11.0 - 12.9 11,180 1,375 541 1,039 2,069 1,281 0 208 267 122 13.0 - 14.9 10,815 1,316 596 950 2,227 1,068 1 194 217 160 15.0 - 16.9 8,941 1,090 535 777 1,911 791 0 134 174 156 17.0 - 18.9 6,848 852 491 541 1,596 519 0 102 104 178 19.0 - 20.9 4,877 539 422 396 1,191 332 0 72 92 153 21.0 - 28.9 7,807 790 830 639 2,044 451 1 73 132 367 29.0 + 1,657 116 236 132 512 93 0 11 24 88 Total 80,392 9,194 4,620 7,186 15,900 7,625 5 1,411 2,283 1,458

East total: 5.0 - 6.9 27,775 1,821 836 1,343 2,350 1,561 407 2,246 4,351 704 7.0 - 8.9 41,679 2,926 1,706 2,436 3,837 2,519 634 3,324 5,900 1,047 9.0 - 10.9 49,195 3,898 2,544 2,930 5,053 3,058 717 3,671 5,928 1,261 11.0 - 12.9 46,840 4,076 3,042 2,778 5,351 2,929 609 3,257 4,804 1,190 13.0 - 14.9 42,322 4,046 3,100 2,539 5,418 2,483 495 2,746 3,778 1,088 15.0 - 16.9 33,835 3,518 2,786 2,048 4,641 1,897 366 2,143 2,585 942 17.0 - 18.9 24,705 2,698 2,291 1,521 3,686 1,276 250 1,482 1,777 836 19.0 - 20.9 17,134 1,834 1,768 1,075 2,778 764 158 1,031 1,122 601 21.0 - 28.9 26,984 2,931 3,363 1,802 4,586 1,000 256 1,576 1,766 1,150 29.0 + 5,921 601 918 466 1,122 148 44 303 388 228 Total 316,390 28,348 22,354 18,939 38,821 17,635 3,936 21,780 32,399 9,047 Million cubic feet

## 125 Table 26—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other Subregion and and wood eastern diameter class black Yellow- and Black Black hard- (in inches) Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

Northeast: 5.0 - 6.9 54 99 475 71 146 411 22 316 1,221 7.0 - 8.9 80 95 702 157 312 731 42 537 1,717 9.0 - 10.9 90 99 857 194 501 799 49 724 1,637 11.0 - 12.9 83 77 781 259 636 683 50 766 1,126 13.0 - 14.9 95 65 663 261 708 485 53 716 769 15.0 - 16.9 59 60 488 206 709 267 34 576 456 17.0 - 18.9 40 30 289 123 591 100 20 405 277 19.0 - 20.9 21 25 197 95 437 72 12 262 146 21.0 - 28.9 29 36 226 97 581 47 12 326 212 29.0 + 4 2 70 14 119 16 1 53 62 Total 556 588 4,748 1,476 4,740 3,611 295 4,683 7,623
North Central: 5.0 - 6.9 9 28 641 219 57 1,184 55 193 1,262 7.0 - 8.9 15 29 837 404 105 1,835 95 255 1,640 9.0 - 10.9 21 29 815 567 169 2,442 120 299 1,548 11.0 - 12.9 23 22 700 591 195 2,314 150 259 1,095 13.0 - 14.9 22 31 587 467 223 1,739 145 228 771 15.0 - 16.9 20 20 423 333 238 1,074 97 154 497 17.0 - 18.9 14 16 300 204 201 543 74 107 366 19.0 - 20.9 10 7 202 126 177 258 38 62 238 21.0 - 28.9 14 14 252 170 292 451 30 74 450 29.0 + 0 3 41 17 29 220 0 7 139 Total 148 199 4,798 3,098 1,686 12,061 804 1,639 8,007
Southeast: 5.0 - 6.9 778 699 149 13 437 4 11 72 537 7.0 - 8.9 1,034 931 188 27 674 9 21 64 675 9.0 - 10.9 1,235 1,102 254 37 926 7 35 57 751 11.0 - 12.9 1,167 1,184 262 52 1,275 5 37 40 692 13.0 - 14.9 1,108 1,083 238 54 1,384 9 31 26 584 15.0 - 16.9 790 833 210 57 1,429 8 25 15 461 17.0 - 18.9 539 548 142 31 1,123 7 9 17 306 19.0 - 20.9 354 343 120 29 861 5 16 6 206 21.0 - 28.9 508 424 162 25 1,254 21 12 10 345 29.0 + 60 102 27 10 176 17 2 2 62 Total 7,573 7,248 1,752 334 9,538 92 197 311 4,618 Million cubic feet

## 126 Table 26—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other Subregion and and wood eastern diameter class black Yellow and Black Black hard- (in inches) Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

South Central: 5.0 - 6.9 956 378 243 18 233 7 35 90 1,031 7.0 - 8.9 1,391 561 364 27 432 18 55 87 1,204 9.0 - 10.9 1,605 720 404 36 593 29 78 92 1,213 11.0 - 12.9 1,326 614 375 48 737 37 58 52 1,031 13.0 - 14.9 1,204 621 339 41 821 39 50 40 932 15.0 - 16.9 940 483 305 36 790 48 36 39 695 17.0 - 18.9 596 330 235 23 615 54 23 29 561 19.0 - 20.9 426 162 161 18 431 67 12 10 392 21.0 - 28.9 541 215 232 25 561 195 14 11 685 29.0 + 72 22 31 3 70 127 1 3 117 Total 9,058 4,106 2,689 275 5,283 621 362 452 7,862
East total: 5.0 - 6.9 1,797 1,205 1,509 321 874 1,606 122 672 4,051 7.0 - 8.9 2,520 1,616 2,091 615 1,522 2,594 213 944 5,236 9.0 - 10.9 2,951 1,951 2,329 833 2,188 3,277 282 1,172 5,149 11.0 - 12.9 2,599 1,897 2,120 950 2,843 3,040 294 1,116 3,945 13.0 - 14.9 2,430 1,800 1,826 822 3,135 2,271 278 1,011 3,057 15.0 - 16.9 1,809 1,396 1,427 631 3,166 1,397 193 784 2,109 17.0 - 18.9 1,189 923 966 381 2,530 704 126 559 1,510 19.0 - 20.9 812 536 679 268 1,905 402 78 340 983 21.0 - 28.9 1,092 689 872 317 2,688 713 69 422 1,692 29.0 + 136 129 169 45 394 381 4 66 379

Total 17,336 12,141 13,987 5,183 21,247 16,384 1,658 7,085 28,111

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million cubic feet

## 127 Table 27—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion,

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce Subregion and and and Other and and Other diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft- (in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast: 5.0 - 6.9 3,744 0 64 215 499 3 1,912 595 0 456 7.0 - 8.9 5,318 0 100 392 860 2 2,382 930 0 651 9.0 - 10.9 5,133 0 115 410 1,059 5 1,943 1,014 0 588 11.0 - 12.9 4,751 0 129 322 1,277 3 1,401 1,108 0 511 13.0 - 14.9 3,810 0 101 214 1,351 1 763 1,037 0 343 15.0 - 16.9 2,783 0 71 104 1,145 0 439 803 1 221 17.0 - 18.9 1,827 0 41 38 881 0 193 552 1 121 19.0 - 20.9 1,227 0 18 17 729 0 79 339 0 45 21.0 - 28.9 1,935 0 13 5 1,308 0 72 506 0 29 29.0 + 417 0 0 0 350 0 0 66 0 0 Total 30,945 0 652 1,717 9,460 14 9,184 6,949 3 2,965
North Central: 5.0 - 6.9 3,571 0 98 52 590 270 1,431 39 0 1,090 7.0 - 8.9 4,149 0 140 90 939 432 1,272 64 0 1,212 9.0 - 10.9 3,316 0 163 89 821 399 828 107 0 909 11.0 - 12.9 2,374 0 146 64 700 259 476 137 0 591 13.0 - 14.9 1,579 0 105 34 567 122 247 155 2 348 15.0 - 16.9 1,058 0 51 26 448 45 151 157 2 177 17.0 - 18.9 772 0 20 14 402 16 92 135 3 90 19.0 - 20.9 542 0 10 4 336 4 45 100 2 42 21.0 - 28.9 893 0 3 0 643 2 37 168 8 32 29.0 + 178 0 0 0 151 0 0 21 4 1 Total 18,431 0 737 373 5,597 1,550 4,579 1,082 22 4,491
Southeast: 5.0 - 6.9 6,621 1,724 3,316 962 98 0 3 34 363 120 7.0 - 8.9 9,358 2,277 4,695 1,544 152 0 4 37 540 109 9.0 - 10.9 9,146 1,987 4,585 1,615 178 0 5 37 653 86 11.0 - 12.9 8,043 1,752 4,135 1,241 174 0 7 46 637 53 13.0 - 14.9 6,447 1,417 3,413 787 180 0 2 35 568 47 15.0 - 16.9 4,732 969 2,735 376 198 0 3 45 383 25 17.0 - 18.9 3,032 513 1,815 180 180 0 0 43 286 16 19.0 - 20.9 1,888 222 1,163 82 183 0 0 29 196 12 21.0 - 28.9 2,293 181 1,307 66 316 0 0 71 342 10 29.0 + 301 2 83 2 76 0 1 37 99 1 Total 51,861 11,044 27,248 6,855 1,733 0 24 413 4,066 478 and diameter class, 1997

Million cubic feet

## 128 Table 27—(continued). Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce Subregion and and and Other and and Other diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft- (in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

South Central: 5.0 - 6.9 4,772 452 3,654 300 11 0 0 16 51 288 7.0 - 8.9 7,530 738 5,763 582 23 0 0 20 126 278 9.0 - 10.9 8,014 900 6,179 549 29 0 0 24 153 180 11.0 - 12.9 8,364 943 6,504 502 31 0 0 32 237 116 13.0 - 14.9 7,602 804 6,005 349 27 0 0 27 317 73 15.0 - 16.9 6,117 532 4,971 188 35 0 0 22 339 30 17.0 - 18.9 4,172 287 3,379 114 31 0 0 21 322 17 19.0 - 20.9 2,677 140 2,193 78 29 0 0 15 215 8 21.0 - 28.9 3,344 92 2,652 106 55 0 0 31 402 6 29.0 + 393 0 218 6 11 0 0 4 154 0 Total 52,985 4,886 41,517 2,774 281 0 0 213 2,317 997
East total: 5.0 - 6.9 18,707 2,176 7,132 1,529 1,198 273 3,346 684 415 1,954 7.0 - 8.9 26,355 3,016 10,699 2,608 1,974 435 3,658 1,050 666 2,250 9.0 - 10.9 25,610 2,887 11,041 2,663 2,086 404 2,776 1,182 806 1,763 11.0 - 12.9 23,532 2,694 10,914 2,129 2,181 262 1,883 1,323 874 1,272 13.0 - 14.9 19,439 2,221 9,624 1,385 2,124 123 1,012 1,253 886 811 15.0 - 16.9 14,690 1,500 7,828 694 1,826 45 593 1,027 725 452 17.0 - 18.9 9,803 800 5,255 345 1,495 16 284 752 613 243 19.0 - 20.9 6,333 361 3,384 181 1,277 4 124 483 413 107 21.0 - 28.9 8,465 273 3,975 178 2,322 2 109 776 752 77 29.0 + 1,289 2 301 8 589 0 2 128 258 2

Total 154,222 15,931 70,154 11,719 17,072 1,564 13,787 8,657 6,408 8,931
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume byState in other tables because of rounding. Million cubic feet

## 129 Table 28—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion,

Ponderosa Subregion and Total and Western diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka (in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Great Plains: 5.0 - 6.9 320 145 0 89 0 0 0000 7.0 - 8.9 492 267 0 190 0 0 0000 9.0 - 10.9 536 271 0 184 0 0 0000 11.0 - 12.9 506 266 0 181 0 0 0000 13.0 - 14.9 460 221 0 148 0 0 0000 15.0 - 16.9 369 157 0 95 0 0 0000 17.0 - 18.9 294 107 0 59 0 0 0000 19.0 - 20.9 217 64 0 39 0 0 0000 21.0 - 28.9 481 63 0 42 0 0 0000 29.0 + 257 2 0 2 0 0 0000 Total 3,931 1,563 0 1,028 0 0 0000
Intermountain: 5.0 - 6.9 10,626 9,164 1,419 658 1,993 71 0 17 0 0 7.0 - 8.9 16,611 14,678 2,502 1,254 2,554 121 0 36 0 0 9.0 - 10.9 17,770 15,933 3,243 1,736 2,702 116 0 40 0 0 11.0 - 12.9 16,397 15,176 3,672 1,947 2,619 145 0 53 0 0 13.0 - 14.9 13,647 12,897 3,615 2,005 2,182 129 0 93 0 0 15.0 - 16.9 11,044 10,605 3,336 1,718 1,785 98 0 72 0 0 17.0 - 18.9 8,644 8,428 2,792 1,479 1,378 87 0 47 0 0 19.0 - 20.9 6,625 6,485 2,171 1,176 1,014 83 0 41 0 0 21.0 - 28.9 14,235 14,056 4,612 3,042 1,849 155 0 96 0 0 29.0 + 5,769 5,695 1,689 1,410 836 57 0 38 0 0 Total 121,368 113,118 29,052 16,426 18,912 1,063 1 534 0 0

Alaska: 5.0 - 6.9 1,326 743 0 0 0 178 0 0 0 68 7.0 - 8.9 2,248 1,538 0 0 0 310 0 0 0 139 9.0 - 10.9 2,296 1,830 0 0 0 446 0 0 0 247 11.0 - 12.9 2,403 2,044 0 0 0 566 0 0 0 283 13.0 - 14.9 2,387 2,162 0 0 2 691 0 0 0 380 15.0 - 16.9 2,277 1,995 0 0 0 666 0 0 0 412 17.0 - 18.9 2,175 2,052 0 0 0 784 0 0 0 534 19.0 - 20.9 2,110 2,008 0 0 0 895 0 0 0 545 21.0 - 28.9 7,141 6,908 0 0 0 3,289 0 0 0 2,038 29.0 + 8,593 8,530 0 0 0 3,599 0 0 0 3,874 Total 32,955 29,810 0 0 2 11,425 0 0 0 8,519 and diameter class, 1997

Softwoods

Million cubic feet

## 130 Table 28—(continued).

Ponderosa Subregion and Total and Western diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka (in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Pacific Northwest: 5.0 - 6.9 4,509 3,767 1,225 334 547 609 6 12 0 1 7.0 - 8.9 8,438 6,983 2,558 599 959 1,237 7 20 0 4 9.0 - 10.9 11,006 9,101 3,621 868 1,182 1,647 15 35 1 5 11.0 - 12.9 12,480 10,397 4,427 994 1,378 1,933 18 33 1 9 13.0 - 14.9 12,169 10,471 4,825 1,026 1,323 1,820 15 26 2 9 15.0 - 16.9 11,690 10,273 5,011 950 1,294 1,732 15 31 1 10 17.0 - 18.9 10,743 9,629 4,744 865 1,276 1,563 17 32 3 9 19.0 - 20.9 9,615 8,884 4,517 826 1,213 1,287 19 28 4 9 21.0 - 28.9 28,112 26,732 13,741 2,728 3,580 3,653 100 88 6 39 29.0 + 40,256 39,732 24,889 2,374 3,580 4,324 478 80 15 233 Total 149,018 135,969 69,559 11,564 16,332 19,806 689 386 32 328

Pacific Southwest: 5.0 - 6.9 1,461 820 314 120 234 3 15 1 40 0 7.0 - 8.9 2,336 1,444 499 270 399 1 42 4 67 0 9.0 - 10.9 2,939 2,064 670 394 587 3 57 8 134 0 11.0 - 12.9 3,411 2,462 656 529 780 5 58 13 169 0 13.0 - 14.9 3,557 2,676 680 605 809 0 79 10 209 0 15.0 - 16.9 3,775 3,070 748 696 920 5 87 10 298 0 17.0 - 18.9 3,795 3,134 723 711 964 3 120 16 284 0 19.0 - 20.9 3,784 3,201 703 746 923 0 152 13 373 0 21.0 - 28.9 12,917 11,369 2,644 2,546 3,112 7 668 76 1,296 0 29.0 + 19,810 18,931 6,261 3,105 4,619 5 1,683 126 1,740 0 Total 57,785 49,172 13,898 9,722 13,346 31 2,960 276 4,610 0

West total: 5.0 - 6.9 18,241 14,639 2,957 1,202 2,774 861 21 30 40 70 7.0 - 8.9 30,125 24,911 5,559 2,313 3,911 1,670 49 60 67 143 9.0 - 10.9 34,548 29,198 7,534 3,182 4,471 2,212 72 84 135 251 11.0 - 12.9 35,197 30,345 8,755 3,651 4,777 2,649 76 99 170 293 13.0 - 14.9 32,220 28,427 9,120 3,785 4,316 2,641 94 129 211 389 15.0 - 16.9 29,156 26,101 9,096 3,459 3,999 2,502 102 113 299 423 17.0 - 18.9 25,651 23,350 8,260 3,114 3,619 2,436 137 95 287 543 19.0 - 20.9 22,350 20,642 7,391 2,787 3,149 2,265 171 82 377 554 21.0 - 28.9 62,886 59,128 20,996 8,357 8,541 7,104 768 261 1,302 2,076 29.0 + 74,685 72,890 32,840 6,891 9,035 7,985 2,161 244 1,754 4,106

Total 365,057 329,631 112,509 38,741 48,592 32,324 3,650 1,196 4,642 8,848 Softwoods

Million cubic feet

## 131 Table 28—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other diameter class other Western Incense- pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard- (in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Great Plains: 5.0 - 6.9 5 0 0 0 0 50 175 5 0 0 170 7.0 - 8.9 10 0 0 0 0 67 225 2 0 0 222 9.0 - 10.9 10 0 0 0 0 77 265 1 0 0 264 11.0 - 12.9 6 0 0 0 0 79 240 1 0 0 239 13.0 - 14.9 5 0 0 0 0 68 239 0 0 0 239 15.0 - 16.9 6 0 0 0 0 56 212 0 0 0 212 17.0 - 18.9 3 0 0 0 0 45 187 0 0 0 187 19.0 - 20.9 2 0 0 0 0 23 153 0 0 0 153 21.0 - 28.9 1 0 0 0 0 21 418 0 0 0 418 29.0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 255 Total 48 0 0 0 0 486 2,368 9 0 0 2,359

Intermountain: 5.0 - 6.9 720 202 0 3,645 196 242 1,462 1,261 0 0 201 7.0 - 8.9 1,276 381 0 5,919 211 422 1,933 1,843 0 0 90 9.0 - 10.9 1,616 490 0 5,286 230 473 1,837 1,774 0 0 63 11.0 - 12.9 1,870 475 0 3,686 230 480 1,222 1,189 0 0 32 13.0 - 14.9 1,869 422 0 1,963 204 413 750 723 0 0 27 15.0 - 16.9 1,747 324 0 991 208 324 439 432 0 0 7 17.0 - 18.9 1,508 322 0 426 163 226 216 209 0 0 7 19.0 - 20.9 1,250 228 0 186 139 198 139 136 0 0 3 21.0 - 28.9 2,675 617 0 154 439 417 178 171 0 0 7 29.0 + 728 242 2 13 546 134 74 70 0 0 3 Total 15,260 3,704 3 22,269 2,567 3,329 8,250 7,808 0 0 442

Alaska: 5.0 - 6.9 417 0 0 1 15 55 583 205 2 0 376 7.0 - 8.9 911 0 0 3 32 126 710 264 0 0 445 9.0 - 10.9 879 0 0 5 38 184 466 159 7 0 300 11.0 - 12.9 869 0 0 6 39 261 359 158 4 0 197 13.0 - 14.9 654 0 0 3 76 335 224 104 4 0 116 15.0 - 16.9 465 0 0 8 67 333 281 189 6 0 86 17.0 - 18.9 237 0 0 7 79 375 124 95 4 0 24 19.0 - 20.9 94 0 0 1 104 331 102 93 2 0 7 21.0 - 28.9 76 0 0 3 332 1,048 233 226 4 0 4 29.0 + 4 0 0 0 441 558 63 62 0 0 1 Total 4,605 0 0 38 1,222 3,605 3,145 1,555 33 0 1,557 Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million cubic feet

## 132 Table 28—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other diameter class other Western Incense- pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard- (in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Pacific Northwest: 5.0 - 6.9 70 95 19 673 130 45 742 15 375 41 311 7.0 - 8.9 119 172 30 951 225 103 1,454 36 865 46 507 9.0 - 10.9 193 246 33 851 249 157 1,905 71 1,195 60 579 11.0 - 12.9 235 250 30 619 283 185 2,083 60 1,409 54 559 13.0 - 14.9 249 257 28 422 288 180 1,698 49 1,119 67 463 15.0 - 16.9 258 241 39 214 276 200 1,417 59 941 42 375 17.0 - 18.9 244 221 25 146 278 205 1,113 69 667 49 328 19.0 - 20.9 232 188 40 65 272 184 731 64 374 29 265 21.0 - 28.9 559 439 145 63 975 617 1,380 207 531 63 579 29.0 + 666 144 334 9 2,057 550 524 110 58 32 324 Total 2,825 2,254 723 4,012 5,034 2,425 13,049 740 7,535 484 4,290

Pacific Southwest: 5.0 - 6.9 1 0 76 13 0 5 641 1 17 335 288 7.0 - 8.9 0 0 116 34 1 13 892 2 41 434 414 9.0 - 10.9 1 0 134 59 0 17 876 1 48 421 406 11.0 - 12.9 0 0 160 69 0 25 948 2 42 442 463 13.0 - 14.9 4 0 175 80 0 25 882 1 26 431 423 15.0 - 16.9 4 0 186 93 0 22 704 5 11 327 362 17.0 - 18.9 0 0 194 76 0 43 661 1 4 346 311 19.0 - 20.9 3 0 184 67 0 38 583 2 10 267 303 21.0 - 28.9 10 0 660 242 1 108 1,548 15 14 825 694 29.0 + 13 0 964 178 0 237 879 4 5 493 377 Total 36 0 2,849 911 2 532 8,613 35 218 4,320 4,041

West total: 5.0 - 6.9 1,213 297 95 4,332 342 398 3,602 1,487 393 376 1,347 7.0 - 8.9 2,317 554 146 6,908 468 730 5,213 2,147 907 480 1,679 9.0 - 10.9 2,698 736 167 6,201 517 908 5,349 2,007 1,249 481 1,613 11.0 - 12.9 2,980 725 190 4,380 552 1,029 4,852 1,410 1,455 496 1,490 13.0 - 14.9 2,781 679 203 2,468 568 1,023 3,793 876 1,150 498 1,269 15.0 - 16.9 2,481 565 226 1,306 552 935 3,055 685 958 369 1,042 17.0 - 18.9 1,992 543 219 655 520 894 2,301 374 675 395 857 19.0 - 20.9 1,580 416 224 318 515 774 1,709 295 387 296 731 21.0 - 28.9 3,320 1,056 805 462 1,747 2,210 3,758 619 548 888 1,702 29.0 + 1,411 387 1,300 199 3,044 1,479 1,794 247 64 525 959

Total 22,773 5,958 3,574 27,229 8,825 10,378 35,425 10,147 7,786 4,804 12,689

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million cubic feet

## 133 Table 29—Net volume of growing stock on planted and natural timberland in the Northern, Southern, and Western United States by forest type group and major ownership group, 1997.

Forest type groupa Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural Total Planted Natural

Northern: White-red-jack pine 19,467 4,144 15,323 4,680 1,834 2,846 14,788 2,310 12,478 Spruce-fir 17,254 455 16,799 4,792 208 4,584 12,462 247 12,215 Longleaf-slash pine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 2,406 347 2,059 696 163 533 1,709 183 1,526 Oak-pine 4,839 258 4,581 708 84 624 4,131 175 3,956 Oak-hickory 66,359 205 66,154 10,557 32 10,525 55,803 173 55,630 Oak-gum-cypress 1,151 11 1,140 219 0 219 933 11 921 Elm-ash-cottonwood 10,688 71 10,616 2,015 20 1,996 8,672 52 8,621 Maple-beech-birch 74,280 234 74,046 13,811 72 13,740 60,468 162 60,306 Aspen-birch 17,789 57 17,732 6,510 15 6,495 11,279 42 11,236 Nonstocked 18 0 18 6 0 6 13 0 13

Northern Total: 214,251 5,783 208,468 43,994 2,428 41,567 170,257 3,356 166,901

Southern: White-red-jack pine 1,626 274 1,352 495 52 443 1,131 223 908 Spruce-fir 16 0 16 7 0 7 9 0 9 Longleaf-slash pine 13,733 6,283 7,450 2,949 569 2,380 10,784 5,714 5,069 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 65,252 17,816 47,436 9,117 1,173 7,943 56,135 16,642 39,493 Oak-pine 33,500 1,591 31,909 4,983 183 4,799 28,518 1,408 27,110 Oak-hickory 90,376 444 89,932 11,863 49 11,814 78,513 395 78,118 Oak-gum-cypress 46,838 74 46,764 5,630 2 5,627 41,208 71 41,136 Elm-ash-cottonwood 3,142 37 3,105 424 0 424 2,718 37 2,681 Maple-beech-birch 1,841 2 1,839 358 0 358 1,483 2 1,481 Aspen-birch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nonstocked 38 2 37 6 0 6 32 2 31

Southern Total: 256,361 26,522 229,839 35,830 2,028 33,802 220,532 24,494 196,038

Western b : Douglas-fir 112,158 b b 81,525 b b 30,633 b b Ponderosa pine 48,113 b b 28,889 b b 19,224 b b Western white pine 411 b b 365 b b 46 b b Fir-spruce 70,775 b b 61,893 b b 8,882 b b Hemlock-Sitka spruce 58,777 b b 44,153 b b 14,624 b b Larch 2,970 b b 2,238 b b 731 b b Lodgepole pine 25,995 b b 22,597 b b 3,398 b b Redwood 4,997 b b 640 b b 4,356 b b Other softwoods 3,020 b b 2,287 b b 733 b b Western hardwoods 37,498 b b 15,251 b b 22,247 b b Pinyon-juniper 167 b b 164 b b 3 b b Nonstocked 180 b b 26 b b 154 b b

Western Total: 365,060 b b 260,029 b b 105,031 b b

United States: 835,672 b b 339,853 b b 495,819 b b

a Forest type reflects the current dominant species by plurality of stocking and may not reflect the actual species planted at the time of stand origin. b Approximately 13.6 million acres of forest in the West are planted, primarily to augment natural regeneration after a harvest a nd assure adequate stocking of desired species. The species planted are usually native, making these stands difficult to detect during fi eld sampling. Additionally, there are thousands of acres of more traditional "plantations" such as those found in the east that are not currently identified during field sampling. Refer to the text accompanying this report for a discussion of planted forest in the west. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. All ownership groups Public ownerships Private ownerships

Thousand cubic feet

## 134 Table 30—Net volume of softwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion,

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North: Northeast 1997 30,945 3,744 5,318 5,133 4,751 3,810 2,783 1,827 1,227 1,935 417 1987 31,609 4,751 6,404 6,043 4,919 3,351 2,288 1,426 904 1,291 232 1977 30,991 7,639 7,255 5,431 3,877 2,547 1,711 1,018 607 767 138 1963 24,034 6,046 5,713 4,061 2,882 1,978 1,304 766 517 677 85 1953 20,028 4,628 4,734 3,147 2,498 1,791 1,190 721 527 702 90
North Central 1997 18,431 3,571 4,149 3,316 2,374 1,579 1,058 772 542 893 178 1987 16,009 3,429 3,816 2,939 1,964 1,285 865 609 426 598 81 1977 12,859 3,163 3,103 2,190 1,430 949 695 491 315 461 60 1963 9,627 2,618 2,227 1,510 1,075 678 503 361 247 348 59 1953 7,025 1,802 1,592 1,167 862 516 348 261 161 274 41
North total: 1997 49,376 7,314 9,467 8,449 7,125 5,389 3,841 2,599 1,769 2,828 595 1987 47,618 8,180 10,220 8,982 6,883 4,636 3,153 2,035 1,330 1,889 313 1977 43,850 10,802 10,358 7,621 5,307 3,496 2,406 1,509 922 1,228 198 1963 33,661 8,665 7,941 5,572 3,958 2,657 1,808 1,127 764 1,025 144 1953 27,053 6,430 6,326 4,314 3,360 2,307 1,538 982 688 976 131
South: Southeast 1997 51,861 6,621 9,358 9,146 8,043 6,447 4,732 3,032 1,888 2,293 301 1987 52,619 6,483 9,420 9,878 8,847 6,834 4,544 2,886 1,640 1,845 242 1977 51,008 6,929 9,384 9,780 8,535 6,467 4,337 2,500 1,408 1,487 181 1963 40,174 5,464 7,649 8,224 7,231 4,877 2,972 1,742 939 955 121 1953 35,548 4,547 6,776 7,473 6,574 4,265 2,550 1,464 805 969 125
South Central 1997 52,985 4,772 7,530 8,014 8,364 7,602 6,117 4,172 2,677 3,344 393 1987 52,994 4,765 7,521 8,985 8,978 7,515 5,788 3,885 2,418 2,844 298 1977 50,200 5,178 7,691 8,771 8,451 6,923 5,126 3,406 2,082 2,340 232 1963 34,913 3,875 5,425 6,017 5,819 4,776 3,653 2,366 1,415 1,444 122 1953 24,914 2,596 3,834 4,554 4,338 3,473 2,556 1,645 886 910 122
South total: 1997 104,846 11,393 16,888 17,160 16,407 14,049 10,849 7,204 4,564 5,637 694 1987 105,613 11,248 16,941 18,863 17,825 14,349 10,332 6,771 4,058 4,689 540 1977 101,208 12,107 17,075 18,551 16,986 13,390 9,463 5,906 3,490 3,827 413 1963 75,087 9,339 13,074 14,241 13,050 9,653 6,625 4,108 2,354 2,399 243 1953 60,462 7,143 10,610 12,027 10,912 7,738 5,106 3,109 1,691 1,879 247 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 1,563 145 267 271 266 221 157 107 64 63 2 1987 1,912 162 278 334 339 285 215 156 74 69 1 1977 1,799 147 267 324 315 263 195 130 83 72 2 1963 1,472 97 168 216 232 208 186 139 104 116 6 1953 1,309 68 132 174 197 177 176 136 111 131 8
Intermountain 1997 113,118 9,164 14,678 15,933 15,176 12,897 10,605 8,428 6,485 14,056 5,695 1987 98,386 8,639 12,318 13,388 12,425 10,685 8,957 7,142 5,603 13,161 6,074 1977 93,318 9,383 11,772 11,883 10,950 9,682 8,172 6,912 5,681 13,305 5,580 1963 91,751 10,286 9,969 10,325 10,129 9,423 8,503 7,251 6,057 14,484 5,323 1953 86,237 8,573 8,455 8,956 8,968 8,542 7,858 6,884 5,886 14,935 7,178 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Diameter class (Inches)

Million cubic feet

## 135 Table 30—(continued).

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Rocky Mountain 1997 114,681 9,309 14,945 16,204 15,442 13,118 10,762 8,535 6,549 14,120 5,697 total: 1987 100,298 8,801 12,596 13,722 12,764 10,970 9,172 7,298 5,677 13,230 6,075 1977 95,111 9,529 12,038 12,206 11,264 9,944 8,366 7,041 5,763 13,376 5,581 1963 93,223 10,383 10,137 10,541 10,361 9,631 8,689 7,390 6,161 14,600 5,329 1953 87,546 8,641 8,587 9,130 9,165 8,719 8,034 7,020 5,997 15,066 7,186
Pacific Coast: Alaska 1997 29,810 743 1,538 1,830 2,044 2,162 1,995 2,052 2,008 6,908 8,530 1987 37,051 956 1,934 2,394 2,705 2,675 2,662 2,750 2,506 8,797 9,670 1977 48,277 1,346 1,849 2,754 3,521 3,996 4,116 3,685 3,424 11,547 12,042 1963 49,426 1,204 1,619 2,460 3,269 3,788 4,056 3,800 3,604 12,288 13,340 1953 49,149 1,103 1,495 2,279 3,097 3,619 3,963 3,792 3,624 12,414 13,764
Pacific Northwest 1997 135,969 3,767 6,983 9,101 10,397 10,471 10,273 9,629 8,884 26,732 39,732 1987 130,684 4,154 7,662 9,780 10,863 10,636 10,266 9,527 8,533 24,926 34,337 1977 132,535 5,821 7,235 8,235 8,800 8,719 8,682 8,493 7,859 26,299 42,392 1963 144,994 4,954 6,573 7,546 8,263 8,405 8,608 8,482 8,109 28,664 55,390 1953 149,574 4,264 5,593 6,366 7,370 7,242 8,090 7,844 7,967 29,507 65,331
Pacific Southwest 1997 49,172 820 1,444 2,064 2,462 2,676 3,070 3,134 3,201 11,369 18,931 1987 46,311 891 1,417 1,754 2,135 2,383 2,627 2,791 2,664 10,222 19,429 1977 45,979 769 1,259 1,613 1,885 2,213 2,387 2,456 2,511 10,016 20,870 1963 53,369 925 1,472 1,810 2,029 2,171 2,260 2,313 2,342 10,020 28,027 1953 58,010 766 1,245 1,603 1,835 2,055 2,160 2,269 2,282 10,141 33,654
Pacific Coast total: 1997 214,951 5,330 9,966 12,994 14,903 15,309 15,339 14,815 14,093 45,009 67,193 1987 214,046 6,001 11,013 13,928 15,703 15,694 15,555 15,068 13,703 43,945 63,436 1977 226,791 7,936 10,343 12,602 14,206 14,928 15,185 14,634 13,794 47,862 75,304 1963 247,789 7,083 9,664 11,816 13,561 14,364 14,924 14,595 14,055 50,972 96,757 1953 256,733 6,133 8,333 10,248 12,302 12,916 14,213 13,905 13,873 52,062 112,749

United States: 1997 483,854 33,346 51,266 54,808 53,877 47,865 40,791 33,153 26,975 67,593 74,179 1987 467,575 34,230 50,770 55,495 53,175 45,649 38,212 31,172 24,768 63,753 70,364 1977 466,960 40,374 49,812 50,980 47,763 41,758 35,419 29,089 23,968 66,295 81,495 1963 449,760 35,470 40,814 42,170 40,930 36,304 32,045 27,220 23,334 68,997 102,471 1953 431,794 28,346 33,857 35,719 35,737 31,679 28,892 25,016 22,248 69,981 120,314

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Diameter class (Inches)

Million cubic feet

## 136 Table 31—Net volume of hardwood growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion,

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North: Northeast 1997 90,234 8,137 13,420 15,604 14,110 12,048 9,054 6,165 4,145 6,160 1,391 1987 80,524 9,280 13,288 14,328 12,619 10,359 7,344 5,022 3,090 4,402 794 1977 67,320 10,488 12,220 12,275 9,872 7,790 5,458 3,558 2,240 2,968 451 1963 52,835 8,564 9,762 9,402 7,351 5,794 4,155 2,866 1,887 2,655 399 1953 43,197 6,926 7,703 7,332 5,712 4,652 3,578 2,532 1,660 2,709 395
North Central 1997 74,640 7,436 10,575 12,210 11,341 9,678 7,475 5,305 3,499 5,798 1,323 1987 61,896 8,177 10,121 10,432 9,074 7,103 5,452 3,829 2,604 4,076 1,028 1977 51,838 7,773 9,665 9,338 7,414 5,925 4,203 2,775 1,753 2,468 521 1963 41,792 6,652 7,943 7,236 5,615 4,407 3,275 2,202 1,503 2,466 491 1953 33,498 4,766 5,925 6,037 4,359 3,630 2,705 1,928 1,319 2,401 428
North total: 1997 164,874 15,573 23,995 27,814 25,451 21,726 16,529 11,471 7,644 11,958 2,714 1987 142,420 17,457 23,409 24,760 21,693 17,462 12,796 8,851 5,694 8,478 1,822 1977 119,158 18,261 21,885 21,613 17,286 13,715 9,661 6,333 3,993 5,436 972 1963 94,627 15,216 17,705 16,638 12,966 10,201 7,430 5,068 3,390 5,121 890 1953 76,695 11,692 13,628 13,369 10,071 8,282 6,283 4,460 2,979 5,110 823
South: Southeast 1997 71,124 5,598 7,861 9,542 10,208 9,781 8,365 6,387 4,613 7,219 1,550 1987 68,154 5,963 8,156 9,556 10,345 9,516 7,805 5,787 3,815 5,947 1,264 1977 60,691 6,005 8,037 9,192 9,239 8,346 6,500 4,616 2,985 4,766 1,005 1963 46,998 4,573 6,190 7,214 7,300 6,575 4,848 3,552 2,358 3,681 707 1953 41,533 3,558 5,218 6,391 6,315 5,900 4,309 3,293 2,226 3,603 720
South Central 1997 80,392 6,605 9,823 11,838 11,180 10,815 8,941 6,848 4,877 7,807 1,657 1987 70,874 7,385 9,914 11,340 10,493 9,487 7,505 5,295 3,430 5,129 891 1977 61,474 7,426 8,978 9,843 8,852 8,019 6,404 4,380 2,782 4,055 733 1963 51,987 5,821 7,545 8,571 7,810 6,827 5,129 3,572 2,407 3,687 618 1953 46,475 4,529 6,170 7,308 7,028 6,304 4,901 3,553 2,354 3,739 589
South total: 1997 151,516 12,202 17,684 21,380 21,389 20,596 17,306 13,235 9,490 15,026 3,207 1987 139,028 13,348 18,070 20,896 20,838 19,003 15,310 11,082 7,245 11,076 2,155 1977 122,165 13,431 17,015 19,035 18,091 16,365 12,904 8,996 5,767 8,821 1,738 1963 98,985 10,394 13,735 15,785 15,110 13,402 9,977 7,124 4,765 7,368 1,325 1953 88,008 8,087 11,388 13,699 13,343 12,204 9,210 6,846 4,580 7,342 1,309 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 2,368 175 225 265 240 239 212 187 153 418 255 1987 1,468 168 158 177 148 136 116 96 82 230 161 1977 1,273 133 149 169 155 136 114 90 76 230 21 1963 1,102 107 125 145 120 109 97 81 72 226 21 1953 1,098 92 130 139 106 121 113 97 78 199 22
Intermountain 1997 8,250 1,462 1,933 1,837 1,222 750 439 216 139 178 74 1987 6,213 1,086 1,423 1,424 888 550 317 167 124 163 75 1977 4,865 797 1,164 1,007 738 462 278 175 95 133 14 1963 4,494 551 949 940 740 510 319 197 116 156 16 1953 3,976 444 802 817 660 467 298 188 114 158 25 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Diameter class (Inches)

Million cubic feet

## 137 Table 31—(continued).

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Rocky Mountain 1997 10,618 1,636 2,158 2,103 1,461 989 652 402 292 596 328 total: 1987 7,681 1,254 1,581 1,601 1,036 686 433 263 206 393 236 1977 6,138 930 1,313 1,176 893 598 392 265 171 363 35 1963 5,596 658 1,074 1,085 860 619 416 278 188 382 37 1953 5,074 536 932 956 766 588 411 285 192 357 47
Pacific Coast: Alaska 1997 3,145 583 710 466 359 224 281 124 102 233 63 1987 4,209 664 1,030 675 562 335 337 187 135 216 70 1977 4,222 616 915 744 416 373 304 203 148 313 190 1963 4,191 611 886 727 410 371 304 206 152 326 199 1953 4,189 610 874 720 407 370 305 208 155 335 205
Pacific Northwest 1997 13,049 742 1,454 1,905 2,083 1,698 1,417 1,113 731 1,380 524 1987 13,005 826 1,567 2,079 2,116 1,813 1,364 1,020 633 1,151 438 1977 10,522 1,199 1,475 1,594 1,520 1,299 971 762 511 924 267 1963 9,247 1,299 1,334 1,321 1,230 1,071 782 614 441 917 238 1953 7,076 1,037 1,062 1,049 961 807 529 458 321 671 187
Pacific Southwest 1997 8,613 641 892 876 948 882 704 661 583 1,548 879 1987 7,740 551 798 823 781 750 699 626 485 1,412 819 1977 3,891 254 411 415 391 368 365 299 266 720 402 1963 3,194 201 314 296 301 328 277 266 217 567 427 1953 3,048 193 320 250 281 301 257 242 203 536 466
Pacific Coast total: 1997 24,808 1,966 3,055 3,247 3,391 2,804 2,403 1,899 1,416 3,162 1,466 1987 24,954 2,041 3,395 3,577 3,459 2,898 2,400 1,833 1,253 2,779 1,327 1977 18,635 2,069 2,801 2,753 2,327 2,040 1,640 1,264 925 1,957 859 1963 16,632 2,111 2,534 2,344 1,941 1,770 1,363 1,086 810 1,810 864 1953 14,313 1,840 2,256 2,019 1,649 1,478 1,091 908 679 1,542 858

United States: 1997 351,815 31,377 46,892 54,544 51,692 46,115 36,890 27,006 18,843 30,742 7,715 1987 314,083 34,100 46,455 50,834 47,026 40,049 30,939 22,029 14,398 22,726 5,540 1977 266,096 34,691 43,014 44,577 38,597 32,718 24,597 16,858 10,856 16,577 3,604 1963 215,840 28,379 35,048 35,852 30,877 25,992 19,186 13,556 9,153 14,681 3,116 1953 184,090 22,155 28,204 30,043 25,829 22,552 16,995 12,499 8,430 14,351 3,037

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Diameter class (Inches)

Million cubic feet

## 138 Table 32—Net volume of growing stock on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion,

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North: Northeast 1997 121,179 11,880 18,738 20,738 18,862 15,858 11,838 7,992 5,372 8,094 1,808 1987 112,133 14,031 19,692 20,371 17,538 13,710 9,632 6,448 3,994 5,693 1,026 1977 98,311 18,127 19,475 17,706 13,749 10,337 7,169 4,576 2,847 3,735 589 1963 76,869 14,610 15,475 13,463 10,233 7,772 5,459 3,632 2,404 3,332 484 1953 63,225 11,554 12,437 10,479 8,210 6,443 4,768 3,253 2,187 3,411 485
North Central 1997 93,072 11,007 14,724 15,526 13,714 11,257 8,533 6,078 4,042 6,691 1,501 1987 77,905 11,606 13,937 13,371 11,038 8,388 6,317 4,438 3,030 4,674 1,109 1977 64,697 10,936 12,768 11,528 8,844 6,874 4,898 3,266 2,068 2,929 581 1963 51,419 9,270 10,170 8,746 6,690 5,085 3,778 2,563 1,750 2,814 550 1953 40,523 6,568 7,517 7,204 5,221 4,146 3,053 2,189 1,480 2,675 469
North total: 1997 214,251 22,887 33,462 36,264 32,576 27,115 20,371 14,070 9,413 14,785 3,308 1987 190,038 25,637 33,629 33,742 28,576 22,098 15,949 10,886 7,024 10,367 2,135 1977 163,008 29,063 32,243 29,234 22,593 17,211 12,067 7,842 4,915 6,664 1,170 1963 128,288 23,880 25,645 22,209 16,923 12,857 9,237 6,195 4,154 6,146 1,034 1953 103,748 18,122 19,954 17,683 13,431 10,589 7,821 5,442 3,667 6,086 954
South: Southeast 1997 122,985 12,218 17,219 18,688 18,252 16,229 13,097 9,419 6,500 9,512 1,850 1987 120,773 12,446 17,576 19,434 19,192 16,350 12,349 8,673 5,455 7,792 1,506 1977 111,699 12,934 17,421 18,972 17,774 14,813 10,837 7,116 4,393 6,253 1,186 1963 87,172 10,037 13,839 15,438 14,531 11,452 7,820 5,294 3,297 4,636 828 1953 77,081 8,105 11,994 13,864 12,889 10,165 6,859 4,757 3,031 4,572 845
South Central 1997 133,377 11,377 17,353 19,852 19,544 18,417 15,058 11,020 7,554 11,151 2,051 1987 123,868 12,150 17,435 20,325 19,471 17,002 13,293 9,180 5,848 7,973 1,189 1977 111,674 12,604 16,669 18,614 17,303 14,942 11,530 7,786 4,864 6,395 965 1963 86,900 9,696 12,970 14,588 13,629 11,603 8,782 5,938 3,822 5,131 740 1953 71,389 7,125 10,004 11,862 11,366 9,777 7,457 5,198 3,240 4,649 711
South total: 1997 256,361 23,595 34,572 38,540 37,796 34,645 28,155 20,439 14,054 20,664 3,901 1987 244,641 24,596 35,011 39,759 38,663 33,352 25,642 17,853 11,303 15,765 2,695 1977 223,373 25,538 34,090 37,586 35,077 29,755 22,367 14,902 9,257 12,648 2,151 1963 174,072 19,733 26,809 30,026 28,160 23,055 16,602 11,232 7,119 9,767 1,568 1953 148,470 15,230 21,998 25,726 24,255 19,942 14,316 9,955 6,271 9,221 1,556 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 3,931 320 492 536 506 460 369 294 217 481 257 1987 3,380 330 436 511 487 421 331 252 156 299 162 1977 3,072 280 416 493 470 399 309 220 159 302 23 1963 2,574 204 293 361 352 317 283 220 176 342 27 1953 2,407 160 262 313 303 298 289 233 189 330 30
Intermountain 1997 121,368 10,626 16,611 17,770 16,397 13,647 11,044 8,644 6,625 14,235 5,769 1987 104,599 9,725 13,741 14,812 13,313 11,235 9,274 7,309 5,727 13,324 6,149 1977 98,183 10,180 12,936 12,890 11,688 10,144 8,450 7,087 5,776 13,438 5,594 1963 96,245 10,837 10,918 11,265 10,869 9,933 8,822 7,448 6,173 14,640 5,339 1953 90,213 9,017 9,257 9,773 9,628 9,009 8,156 7,072 6,000 15,093 7,203 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Diameter class (Inches)

Million cubic feet

## 139 Table 32—(continued).

5.0 7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 6.9 8.9 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Rocky Mountain 1997 125,299 10,945 17,103 18,306 16,903 14,107 11,414 8,938 6,842 14,716 6,026 total: 1987 107,979 10,055 14,177 15,323 13,800 11,656 9,605 7,561 5,883 13,623 6,311 1977 101,255 10,460 13,352 13,383 12,158 10,543 8,759 7,307 5,935 13,740 5,617 1963 98,819 11,041 11,211 11,626 11,221 10,250 9,105 7,668 6,349 14,982 5,366 1953 92,620 9,177 9,519 10,086 9,931 9,307 8,445 7,305 6,189 15,423 7,233
Pacific Coast: Alaska 1997 32,955 1,326 2,248 2,296 2,403 2,387 2,277 2,175 2,110 7,141 8,593 1987 41,260 1,620 2,964 3,069 3,267 3,010 2,999 2,937 2,641 9,013 9,740 1977 52,499 1,962 2,764 3,498 3,937 4,369 4,420 3,888 3,572 11,860 12,232 1963 53,617 1,815 2,505 3,187 3,679 4,159 4,360 4,006 3,756 12,614 13,539 1953 53,338 1,713 2,369 2,999 3,504 3,989 4,268 4,000 3,779 12,749 13,969
Pacific Northwest 1997 149,018 4,509 8,438 11,006 12,480 12,169 11,690 10,743 9,615 28,112 40,256 1987 143,698 4,979 9,230 11,859 12,989 12,450 11,630 10,546 9,166 26,077 34,775 1977 143,057 7,020 8,710 9,829 10,320 10,018 9,653 9,255 8,370 27,223 42,659 1963 154,241 6,253 7,907 8,867 9,493 9,476 9,390 9,096 8,550 29,581 55,628 1953 156,650 5,301 6,655 7,415 8,331 8,049 8,619 8,302 8,288 30,178 65,518
Pacific Southwest 1997 57,785 1,461 2,336 2,939 3,411 3,557 3,775 3,795 3,784 12,917 19,810 1987 54,051 1,442 2,215 2,577 2,916 3,133 3,326 3,417 3,149 11,634 20,248 1977 49,870 1,023 1,670 2,028 2,276 2,581 2,752 2,755 2,777 10,736 21,272 1963 56,563 1,126 1,786 2,106 2,330 2,499 2,537 2,579 2,559 10,587 28,454 1953 61,058 959 1,565 1,853 2,116 2,356 2,417 2,511 2,485 10,677 34,120
Pacific Coast total: 1997 239,758 7,296 13,022 16,241 18,294 18,113 17,742 16,713 15,509 48,170 68,659 1987 239,009 8,041 14,409 17,505 19,172 18,593 17,955 16,900 14,956 46,724 64,763 1977 245,426 10,005 13,144 15,355 16,533 16,968 16,825 15,898 14,719 49,819 76,163 1963 264,421 9,194 12,198 14,160 15,502 16,134 16,287 15,681 14,865 52,782 97,621 1953 271,046 7,973 10,589 12,267 13,951 14,394 15,304 14,813 14,552 53,604 113,607

United States: 1997 835,669 64,723 98,158 109,352 105,569 93,981 77,681 60,159 45,818 98,335 81,894 1987 781,667 68,329 97,226 106,329 100,211 85,699 69,151 53,200 39,166 86,479 75,904 1977 733,062 75,066 92,829 95,558 86,361 74,477 60,018 45,949 34,826 82,871 85,101 1963 665,600 63,848 75,863 78,021 71,806 62,296 51,231 40,776 32,487 83,677 105,589 1953 615,884 50,502 62,060 65,762 61,568 54,232 45,886 37,515 30,679 84,334 123,350

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Diameter class (Inches)

Million cubic feet

## 140 Table 33—Annual mortality of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, 1976, 1962, and 1952

Reg ion, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North: Northeast: Softwoods 273,609 257,140 191,544 180,000 150,800 7,549 5,393 1,746 4,180 3,570 16,790 14,875 10,561 7,927 6,911 Hardwoods 514,142 418,217 356,773 301,400 248,200 26,217 15,518 10,823 12,030 9,810 73,113 51,156 33,580 27,528 21,982 Total 787,750 675,357 548,317 481,400 399,000 33,766 20,911 12,569 16,210 13,380 89,902 66,031 44,141 35,455 28,893

North Central: Softwoods 181,907 110,926 132,777 113,149 64,834 32,973 19,836 21,732 24,296 16,214 60,153 41,299 36,930 33,314 19,644 Hardwoods 658,116 456,852 467,451 345,595 226,384 55,959 44,034 36,115 29,973 18,417 121,076 87,701 102,796 66,873 38,737 Total 840,022 567,778 600,228 458,744 291,218 88,932 63,870 57,847 54,269 34,631 181,229 129,000 139,726 100,187 58,381

North Total: Softwoods 455,516 368,066 324,321 293,149 215,634 40,522 25,229 23,478 28,476 19,784 76,943 56,174 47,491 41,241 26,555 Hardwoods 1,172,257 875,069 824,224 646,995 474,584 82,176 59,552 46,938 42,003 28,227 194,189 138,857 136,376 94,401 60,719 Total 1,627,773 1,243,135 1,148,545 940,144 690,218 122,698 84,781 70,416 70,479 48,011 271,132 195,031 183,867 135,642 87,274

South: Southeast: Softwoods 629,975 489,320 416,000 260,200 234,700 58,533 30,147 21,447 10,300 11,800 41,084 26,081 18,553 16,400 11,100 Hardwoods 603,553 371,125 286,783 301,000 283,800 53,034 35,262 24,358 19,000 18,600 31,725 14,171 13,018 9,400 6,300 Total 1,233,528 860,445 702,783 561,200 518,500 111,567 65,409 45,805 29,300 30,400 72,809 40,252 31,571 25,800 17,400

South Central: Softwoods 405,829 351,451 216,201 138,800 98,700 34,270 29,491 19,769 19,000 12,132 17,169 11,919 6,983 3,200 3,000 Hardwoods 596,714 460,976 359,267 469,400 355,200 28,680 18,285 14,497 20,100 12,227 50,648 30,302 18,081 12,200 8,359 Total 1,002,543 812,427 575,468 608,200 453,900 62,950 47,776 34,266 39,100 24,359 67,817 42,221 25,064 15,400 11,359

South total: Softwoods 1,035,804 840,771 632,201 399,000 333,400 92,803 59,638 41,216 29,300 23,932 58,253 38,000 25,536 19,600 14,100 Hardwoods 1,200,267 832,101 646,050 770,400 639,000 81,714 53,547 38,855 39,100 30,827 82,373 44,473 31,099 21,600 14,659 Total 2,236,071 1,672,872 1,278,251 1,169,400 972,400 174,517 113,185 80,071 68,400 54,759 140,626 82,473 56,635 41,200 28,759
Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Softwoods 9,563 7,033 3,940 3,600 3,300 6,857 4,483 3,543 3,226 3,025 666 38 130 85 59 Hardwoods 38,025 7,803 29,312 25,699 24,730 245 61 0 0 0 2,902 474 4,379 4,127 3,896 Total 47,587 14,836 33,252 29,299 28,030 7,102 4,544 3,543 3,226 3,025 3,568 512 4,509 4,212 3,955

Intermountain: Softwoods 889,962 487,864 454,779 598,400 565,300 708,911 365,637 270,479 418,400 388,200 55,212 51,122 66,643 65,887 66,354 Hardwoods 103,244 42,628 39,160 38,900 34,600 70,177 22,143 17,860 19,500 17,200 4,036 4,082 6,709 6,107 5,443 Total 993,206 530,492 493,939 637,300 599,900 779,088 387,780 288,339 437,900 405,400 59,249 55,204 73,352 71,994 71,797
Rocky Mountain total: Softwoods 899,525 494,897 458,719 602,000 568,600 715,768 370,120 274,022 421,626 391,225 55,878 51,160 66,773 65,972 66,413 Hardwoods 141,268 50,431 68,472 64,599 59,330 70,422 22,204 17,860 19,500 17,200 6,939 4,556 11,088 10,234 9,339 Total 1,040,793 545,328 527,191 666,599 627,930 786,190 392,324 291,882 441,126 408,425 62,817 55,716 77,861 76,206 75,752

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Softwoods 194,542 172,267 213,596 222,195 224,700 123,624 99,767 146,799 164,133 171,090 32,908 25,451 63,781 56,741 52,563 Hardwoods 10,163 9,912 9,395 9,367 9,467 430 154 1,536 1,608 1,608 6,450 5,742 7,656 7,656 7,756 Total 204,705 182,179 222,991 231,562 234,167 124,054 99,921 148,335 165,741 172,698 39,358 31,193 71,437 64,397 60,319

Pacific Northwest: Softwoods 777,610 657,843 699,600 906,300 952,500 468,829 422,000 326,700 417,400 407,300 95,810 113,227 172,200 184,900 210,000 Hardwoods 118,232 72,131 71,800 64,000 50,500 4,953 4,000 6,600 7,000 6,100 23,946 12,559 11,900 16,800 13,700 Total 895,842 729,974 771,400 970,300 1,003,000 473,783 426,000 333,300 424,400 413,400 119,756 125,786 184,100 201,700 223,700

Pacific Southwest: Softwoods 263,106 247,804 137,700 346,100 366,800 151,846 171,205 80,800 198,100 199,500 6,002 6,395 5,100 12,800 16,500 Hardwoods 51,763 24,316 6,792 10,200 10,100 2,174 5,217 2,300 7,000 7,400 3,381 2,399 870 300 300 Total 314,869 272,120 144,492 356,300 376,900 154,020 176,422 83,100 205,100 206,900 9,383 8,794 5,970 13,100 16,800 All owners National forest Other publica

Thousand cubic feet

## 141 Table 33—(continued).

Reg ion, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

Pacific Coast total: Softwoods 1,235,258 1,077,914 1,050,896 1,474,595 1,544,000 744,299 692,972 554,299 779,633 777,890 134,721 145,073 241,081 254,441 279,063 Hardwoods 180,158 106,359 87,987 83,567 70,067 7,558 9,371 10,436 15,608 15,108 33,777 20,700 20,426 24,756 21,756 Total 1,415,416 1,184,273 1,138,883 1,558,162 1,614,067 751,857 702,343 564,735 795,241 792,998 168,498 165,773 261,507 279,197 300,819

United States: Softwoods 3,626,102 2,781,648 2,466,137 2,768,744 2,661,634 1,593,393 1,147,959 893,015 1,259,035 1,212,831 325,794 290,407 380,881 381,254 386,131 Hardwoods 2,693,950 1,863,960 1,626,733 1,565,561 1,242,981 241,870 144,674 114,089 116,211 91,362 317,278 208,586 198,989 150,991 106,473

Total 6,320,052 4,645,608 4,092,870 4,334,305 3,904,615 1,835,262 1,292,633 1,007,104 1,375,246 1,304,193 643,072 498,993 579,870 532,245 492,604 All owners National forest Other publica

Thousand cubic feet

## 142 Table 33—(continued).

Reg ion, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North: Northeast: Softwoods 101,024 95,216 65,375 45,251 37,876 148,245 141,656 113,862 122,642 102,443 Hardwoods 54,258 45,889 43,585 33,263 29,138 360,554 305,654 268,785 228,579 187,270 Total 155,283 141,105 108,960 78,514 67,014 508,799 447,310 382,647 351,221 289,713

North Central: Softwoods 17,149 13,254 22,180 17,507 8,308 71,632 36,537 51,935 38,032 20,668 Hardwoods 26,164 23,373 43,938 28,920 15,279 454,916 301,744 284,602 219,829 153,951 Total 43,313 36,627 66,118 46,427 23,587 526,548 338,281 336,537 257,861 174,619

North total: Softwoods 118,174 108,470 87,555 62,758 46,184 219,877 178,193 165,797 160,674 123,111 Hardwoods 80,422 69,262 87,523 62,183 44,417 815,470 607,398 553,387 448,408 341,221 Total 198,596 177,732 175,078 124,941 90,601 1,035,347 785,591 719,184 609,082 464,332

South: Southeast: Softwoods 87,772 71,127 64,000 50,200 44,200 442,587 361,965 312,000 183,300 167,600 Hardwoods 72,996 57,090 40,125 42,000 43,800 445,798 264,602 209,282 230,600 215,100 Total 160,767 128,217 104,125 92,200 88,000 888,385 626,567 521,282 413,900 382,700

South Central: Softwoods 97,501 85,998 64,935 52,200 38,748 256,889 224,043 124,514 64,400 44,820 Hardwoods 92,647 71,521 61,844 82,100 50,775 424,739 340,868 264,845 355,000 283,839 Total 190,148 157,519 126,779 134,300 89,523 681,628 564,911 389,359 419,400 328,659

South total: Softwoods 185,273 157,125 128,935 102,400 82,948 699,476 586,008 436,514 247,700 212,420 Hardwoods 165,642 128,611 101,969 124,100 94,575 870,538 605,470 474,127 585,600 498,939 Total 350,915 285,736 230,904 226,500 177,523 1,570,013 1,191,478 910,641 833,300 711,359 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Softwoods 0 0 24 14 9 2,040 2,512 243 275 207 Hardwoods 0 0 0 0 0 34,877 7,268 24,933 21,572 20,834 Total 0 0 24 14 9 36,917 9,780 25,176 21,847 21,041

Intermountain: Softwoods 41,152 27,696 22,407 22,949 22,197 84,687 43,409 95,250 91,164 88,549 Hardwoods 223 0 359 464 441 28,807 16,403 14,232 12,829 11,516 Total 41,375 27,696 22,766 23,413 22,638 113,494 59,812 109,482 103,993 100,065
Rocky Mountain total: Softwoods 41,152 27,696 22,431 22,963 22,206 86,727 45,921 95,493 91,439 88,756 Hardwoods 223 0 359 464 441 63,685 23,671 39,165 34,401 32,350 Total 41,375 27,696 22,790 23,427 22,647 150,412 69,592 134,658 125,840 121,106

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Softwoods 0 0 0 0 0 38,010 47,049 3,016 1,321 1,047 Hardwoods 0 0 0 0 0 3,283 4,016 203 103 103 Total 0 0 0 0 0 41,293 51,065 3,219 1,424 1,150

Pacific Northwest: Softwoods 111,361 74,475 134,300 222,400 255,200 101,609 48,141 66,400 81,600 80,000 Hardwoods 38,955 23,938 25,600 17,900 12,800 50,378 31,634 27,700 22,300 17,900 Total 150,316 98,413 159,900 240,300 268,000 151,987 79,775 94,100 103,900 97,900

Pacific Southwest: Softwoods 52,939 29,539 20,600 48,000 53,500 52,319 40,665 31,200 87,200 97,300 Hardwoods 13,976 5,280 1,700 1,500 1,100 32,232 11,420 1,922 1,400 1,300 Total 66,915 34,819 22,300 49,500 54,600 84,550 52,085 33,122 88,600 98,600 Nonindustrial privatea

Thousand cubic feet Forest Industry

## 143 Table 33—(continued).

Region, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

Pacific Coast total: Softwoods 164,300 104,014 154,900 270,400 308,700 191,938 135,855 100,616 170,121 178,347 Hardwoods 52,931 29,218 27,300 19,400 13,900 85,892 47,070 29,825 23,803 19,303 Total 217,231 133,232 182,200 289,800 322,600 277,830 182,925 130,441 193,924 197,650

United States: Softwoods 508,898 397,305 393,821 458,521 460,038 1,198,017 945,977 798,420 669,934 602,638 Hardwoods 299,218 227,091 217,151 206,147 153,333 1,835,585 1,283,609 1,096,504 1,092,212 891,813

Total 808,116 624,396 610,972 664,668 613,371 3,033,602 2,229,586 1,894,924 1,762,146 1,494,447

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Nonindustrial privatea

Thousand cubic feet Forest Industry

## 144 Table 34—Net annual growth of growing stock on timberland in the United States 'by ownership group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, 1976, 1962, and 1952

Region, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North: Thousand cubic feet Northeast: Softwoods 646,083 701,741 1,067,271 821,900 652,600 Hardwoods 2,223,289 2,246,366 2,072,571 1,721,900 1,358,000 Total 2,869,371 2,948,107 3,139,842 2,543,800 2,010,600

North Central: Softwoods 523,127 586,546 490,986 389,027 320,702 Hardwoods 2,027,493 1,977,350 1,718,072 1,490,378 1,385,188 Total 2,550,620 2,563,896 2,209,058 1,879,405 1,705,890

North total: Softwoods 1,169,210 1,288,287 1,558,257 1,210,927 973,302 Hardwoods 4,250,781 4,223,716 3,790,643 3,212,778 2,743,188 Total 5,419,991 5,512,003 5,348,900 4,423,205 3,716,490

South: Southeast: Softwoods 2,778,801 2,622,053 3,104,000 2,151,467 1,874,017 Hardwoods 1,951,849 2,104,004 2,186,000 1,468,069 1,291,618 Total 4,730,651 4,726,057 5,290,000 3,619,536 3,165,635

South Central: Softwoods 3,110,078 2,876,764 3,210,598 2,547,300 1,767,400 Hardwoods 2,871,358 2,382,778 2,822,683 1,926,200 1,749,700 Total 5,981,436 5,259,542 6,033,281 4,473,500 3,517,100

South total: Softwoods 5,888,879 5,498,817 6,314,598 4,698,767 3,641,417 Hardwoods 4,823,208 4,486,782 5,008,683 3,394,269 3,041,318 Total 10,712,087 9,985,599 11,323,281 8,093,036 6,682,735

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Softwoods 50,448 47,412 43,521 30,419 22,220 Hardwoods 44,808 38,438 39,818 33,946 30,500 Total 95,256 85,850 83,339 64,365 52,720

Intermountain: Softwoods 1,912,245 1,909,449 1,550,496 1,226,400 1,077,700 Hardwoods 426,175 131,347 99,098 65,900 56,800 Total 2,338,421 2,040,796 1,649,594 1,292,300 1,134,500
Rocky Mountain total: Softwoods 1,962,694 1,956,861 1,594,017 1,256,819 1,099,920 Hardwoods 470,983 169,785 138,916 99,846 87,300 Total 2,433,676 2,126,646 1,732,933 1,356,665 1,187,220

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Softwoods 136,888 102,686 162,499 124,900 103,600 Hardwoods 85,888 93,664 6,824 6,725 6,725 Total 222,776 196,350 169,323 131,625 110,325

Pacific Northwest: Softwoods 3,080,632 3,270,724 2,158,700 1,818,600 1,472,500 Hardwoods 391,648 498,155 400,800 302,300 221,500 Total 3,472,280 3,768,879 2,559,500 2,120,900 1,694,000

Pacific Southwest: Softwoods 1,155,171 889,365 713,200 499,600 444,000 Hardwoods 133,172 156,834 79,137 80,000 75,000 Total 1,288,343 1,046,199 792,337 579,600 519,000

Pacific Coast total: Softwoods 4,372,692 4,262,775 3,034,399 2,443,100 2,020,100 Hardwoods 610,708 748,653 486,761 389,025 303,225 Total 4,983,400 5,011,428 3,521,160 2,832,125 2,323,325

United States: Softwoods 13,393,474 13,006,740 12,501,271 9,609,613 7,734,739 Hardwoods 10,155,680 9,628,936 9,425,003 7,095,418 6,175,031 Total 23,549,154 22,635,676 21,926,274 16,705,031 13,909,770 All owners

## 145 Table 34—(continued).

Region, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North: Thousand cubic feet Northeast: Softwoods 13,839 19,019 18,359 15,394 13,282 60,666 53,518 48,791 31,676 27,166 Hardwoods 68,469 131,021 116,999 88,006 69,443 194,964 265,069 237,900 181,916 142,264 Total 82,308 150,040 135,358 103,400 82,725 255,631 318,587 286,691 213,592 169,430

North Central: Softwoods 94,231 117,617 97,660 73,431 57,215 140,565 168,327 142,017 120,065 92,256 Hardwoods 138,894 154,278 158,742 140,821 112,026 302,427 340,975 304,325 269,546 213,120 Total 233,124 271,895 256,402 214,252 169,241 442,991 509,302 446,342 389,611 305,376

North total: Softwoods 108,070 136,636 116,019 88,825 70,497 201,231 221,845 190,808 151,741 119,422 Hardwoods 207,362 285,299 275,741 228,827 181,469 497,391 606,044 542,225 451,462 355,384 Total 315,433 421,935 391,760 317,652 251,966 698,622 827,889 733,033 603,203 474,806

South: Southeast: Softwoods 57,179 93,774 137,000 89,697 80,313 144,516 147,893 149,000 84,254 70,017 Hardwoods 104,629 139,288 141,000 86,444 73,208 97,390 85,918 71,000 32,372 27,169 Total 161,808 233,062 278,000 176,141 153,521 241,906 233,811 220,000 116,626 97,186

South Central: Softwoods 192,018 230,844 245,340 336,300 211,300 65,607 54,534 71,156 57,700 56,388 Hardwoods 144,271 134,532 144,064 111,300 67,265 131,442 100,875 108,706 70,600 55,182 Total 336,289 365,376 389,404 447,600 278,565 197,049 155,409 179,862 128,300 111,570

South total: Softwoods 249,197 324,618 382,340 425,997 291,613 210,122 202,427 220,156 141,954 126,405 Hardwoods 248,901 273,820 285,064 197,744 140,473 228,833 186,793 179,706 102,972 82,351 Total 498,097 598,438 667,404 623,741 432,086 438,955 389,220 399,862 244,926 208,756

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Softwoods 41,741 32,989 31,087 20,993 14,700 835 3,105 2,977 2,006 1,469 Hardwoods 375 554 676 200 100 3,300 3,266 3,552 2,950 2,615 Total 42,117 33,543 31,763 21,193 14,800 4,135 6,371 6,529 4,956 4,084

Intermountain: Softwoods 1,231,826 1,263,727 1,013,396 754,900 673,400 167,534 216,692 158,464 138,559 117,646 Hardwoods 142,370 56,642 65,498 36,400 31,300 60,282 24,216 6,945 6,182 5,462 Total 1,374,195 1,320,369 1,078,894 791,300 704,700 227,816 240,908 165,409 144,741 123,108
Rocky Mountain total: Softwoods 1,273,567 1,296,716 1,044,483 775,893 688,100 168,369 219,797 161,441 140,565 119,115 Hardwoods 142,745 57,196 66,174 36,600 31,400 63,582 27,482 10,497 9,132 8,077 Total 1,416,312 1,353,912 1,110,657 812,493 719,500 231,951 247,279 171,938 149,697 127,192

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Softwoods 85,386 15,378 22,627 15,836 10,367 40,496 66,723 136,877 107,494 92,588 Hardwoods 4,060 768 15 16 16 61,201 55,309 6,609 6,609 6,609 Total 89,446 16,146 22,642 15,852 10,383 101,696 122,032 143,486 114,103 99,197

Pacific Northwest: Softwoods 1,097,597 1,076,000 538,800 506,900 440,900 557,893 634,145 467,000 403,700 258,900 Hardwoods 66,961 67,000 14,700 14,800 13,600 81,629 87,510 93,000 57,700 33,500 Total 1,164,558 1,143,000 553,500 521,700 454,500 639,522 721,655 560,000 461,400 292,400

Pacific Southwest: Softwoods 616,239 421,551 363,500 185,600 162,000 28,872 25,198 13,900 14,000 14,000 Hardwoods 4,123 0 16,100 30,000 29,000 5,248 15,865 7,735 5,000 6,000 Total 620,362 421,551 379,600 215,600 191,000 34,121 41,063 21,635 19,000 20,000

Pacific Coast total: Softwoods 1,799,222 1,512,929 924,927 708,336 613,267 627,261 726,066 617,777 525,194 365,488 Hardwoods 75,144 67,768 30,815 44,816 42,616 148,078 158,684 107,344 69,309 46,109 Total 1,874,366 1,580,697 955,742 753,152 655,883 775,339 884,750 725,121 594,503 411,597

United States: Softwoods 3,430,056 3,270,899 2,467,769 1,999,051 1,663,477 1,206,983 1,370,135 1,190,182 959,454 730,430 Hardwoods 674,152 684,083 657,794 507,987 395,958 937,884 979,003 839,772 632,875 491,921
Total 4,104,208 3,954,982 3,125,563 2,507,038 2,059,435 2,144,867 2,349,138 2,029,954 1,592,329 1,222,351 National forest Other publica

## 146 Table 34—(continued).

Region, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952 1996 1986 1976 1962 1952

North: Northeast: Softwoods 64,526 188,430 377,359 236,099 178,928 507,051 440,774 622,762 538,731 433,224 Hardwoods 195,939 230,023 226,164 155,996 128,574 1,763,917 1,620,253 1,491,508 1,295,982 1,017,719 Total 260,465 418,453 603,523 392,095 307,502 2,270,967 2,061,027 2,114,270 1,834,713 1,450,943

North Central: Softwoods 35,442 50,172 55,090 43,948 43,288 252,890 250,430 196,219 151,583 127,943 Hardwoods 86,260 105,370 118,401 100,298 99,057 1,499,913 1,376,727 1,136,604 979,713 960,985 Total 121,701 155,542 173,491 144,246 142,345 1,752,803 1,627,157 1,332,823 1,131,296 1,088,928

North total: Softwoods 99,968 238,602 432,449 280,047 222,216 759,941 691,204 818,981 690,314 561,167 Hardwoods 282,199 335,393 344,565 256,294 227,631 3,263,829 2,996,980 2,628,112 2,275,695 1,978,704 Total 382,167 573,995 777,014 536,641 449,847 4,023,770 3,688,184 3,447,093 2,966,009 2,539,871

South: Southeast: Softwoods 889,665 724,829 688,000 410,752 374,583 1,687,442 1,655,557 2,130,000 1,566,764 1,349,104 Hardwoods 191,390 245,858 259,000 173,905 170,797 1,558,440 1,632,940 1,715,000 1,175,348 1,020,444 Total 1, 081,055 970,687 947,000 584,657 545,380 3,245,882 3,288,497 3,845,000 2,742,112 2,369,548

South Central: Softwoods 1, 135,049 829,133 894,423 971,400 707,496 1,717,403 1,762,253 1,999,679 1,181,900 792,216 Hardwoods 358,018 347,608 452,703 285,200 202,822 2,237,627 1,799,763 2,117,210 1,459,100 1,424,431 Total 1, 493,068 1,176,741 1,347,126 1,256,600 910,318 3,955,030 3,562,016 4,116,889 2,641,000 2,216,647

South total: Softwoods 2,024,714 1,553,962 1,582,423 1,382,152 1,082,079 3,404,846 3,417,810 4,129,679 2,748,664 2,141,320 Hardwoods 549,408 593,466 711,703 459,105 373,619 3,796,067 3,432,703 3,832,210 2,634,448 2,444,875 Total 2,574,122 2,147,428 2,294,126 1,841,257 1,455,698 7,200,912 6,850,513 7,961,889 5,383,112 4,586,195

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Softwoods 0 340 608 296 233 7,872 10,978 8,849 7,124 5,818 Hardwoods 0 0 62 10 5 41,133 34,618 35,528 30,786 27,780 Total 0 340 670 306 238 49,005 45,596 44,377 37,910 33,598

Intermountain: Softwoods 125,967 124,840 103,030 91,385 78,404 386,918 304,190 275,606 241,556 208,250 Hardwoods 7,867 980 793 871 660 215,657 49,509 25,862 22,447 19,378 Total 133,834 125,820 103,823 92,256 79,064 602,575 353,699 301,468 264,003 227,628
Rocky Mountain total: Softwoods 125,967 125,180 103,638 91,681 78,637 394,790 315,168 284,455 248,680 214,068 Hardwoods 7,867 980 855 881 665 256,789 84,127 61,390 52,233 47,158 Total 133,834 126,160 104,493 92,562 79,302 651,580 399,295 345,845 301,913 261,226

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Softwoods 00000 11,007 20,585 2,995 1,570 645 Hardwoods 00000 20,628 37,587 200 100 100 Total 00000 31,635 58,172 3,195 1,670 745

Pacific Northwest: Softwoods 883,870 1,029,287 691,200 464,100 399,000 541,274 531,292 461,700 443,900 373,700 Hardwoods 100,919 154,079 145,200 98,400 75,300 142,138 189,566 147,900 131,400 99,100 Total 984,788 1,183,366 836,400 562,500 474,300 683,412 720,858 609,600 575,300 472,800

Pacific Southwest: Softwoods 247,112 204,912 138,500 108,000 90,000 262,948 237,704 197,300 192,000 178,000 Hardwoods 45,497 45,596 19,100 15,000 11,000 78,305 95,373 36,202 30,000 29,000 Total 292,608 250,508 157,600 123,000 101,000 341,253 333,077 233,502 222,000 207,000

Pacific Coast total: Softwoods 1,130,981 1,234,199 829,700 572,100 489,000 815,228 789,581 661,995 637,470 552,345 Hardwoods 146,415 199,675 164,300 113,400 86,300 241,071 322,526 184,302 161,500 128,200 Total 1,277,396 1,433,874 994,000 685,500 575,300 1,056,299 1,112,107 846,297 798,970 680,545

United States: Softwoods 3, 381,630 3,151,943 2,948,210 2,325,980 1,871,932 5,374,805 5,213,763 5,895,110 4,325,128 3,468,900 Hardwoods 985,888 1,129,514 1,221,423 829,680 688,215 7,557,756 6,836,336 6,706,014 5,124,876 4,598,937 Total 4,367,519 4,281,457 4,169,633 3,155,660 2,560,147 12,932,561 12,050,099 12,601,124 9,450,004 8,067,837

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Nonindustrial private a

Thousand cubic feet Forest Industry

## 147 Table 35—Annual removals of growing stock on timberland in the United States by ownership group region, subregion, group, region, subregion, and species group, 1996, 1986, and 1976

NonNational Other Forest industrial All owners forest public industry private Region, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1996 1996 1996 1996

North: Northeast: Softwoods 413,718 520,797 498,576 4,512 13,487 117,552 278,167 Hardwoods 860,999 781,162 803,694 16,489 45,497 158,074 640,939 Total 1,274,717 1,301,959 1,302,270 21,001 58,984 275,626 919,106
North Central: Softwoods 254,630 204,719 193,534 24,247 70,806 32,466 127,111 Hardwoods 1,243,071 1,201,539 999,059 64,052 231,476 104,947 842,596 Total 1,497,701 1,406,258 1,192,593 88,299 302,282 137,413 969,707
North total: Softwoods 668,348 725,516 692,110 28,759 84,293 150,018 405,278 Hardwoods 2,104,070 1,982,701 1,802,753 80,541 276,973 263,021 1,483,535 Total 2,772,418 2,708,217 2,494,863 109,300 361,266 413,039 1,888,813
South: Southeast: Softwoods 2,947,436 2,411,562 2,028,804 47,301 114,037 961,359 1,824,739 Hardwoods 1,511,833 1,260,821 1,002,521 51,142 38,627 284,561 1,137,503 Total 4,459,269 3,672,383 3,031,325 98,443 152,664 1,245,920 2,962,242
South Central: Softwoods 3,530,826 2,905,505 2,407,658 139,396 60,743 1,259,240 2,071,447 Hardwoods 2,194,685 1,625,779 1,239,717 55,512 52,710 454,322 1,632,141 Total 5,725,511 4,531,284 3,647,375 194,908 113,453 1,713,562 3,703,588
South total: Softwoods 6,478,262 5,317,067 4,436,462 186,697 174,780 2,220,599 3,896,186 Hardwoods 3,706,518 2,886,600 2,242,238 106,654 91,337 738,883 2,769,644 Total 10,184,780 8,203,667 6,678,700 293,351 266,117 2,959,482 6,665,830 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Softwoods 20,181 25,797 21,322 12,247 724 -- 7,210 Hardwoods 15,113 16,260 20,600 17 424 -- 14,672 Total 35,294 42,057 41,922 12,264 1,148 -- 21,882
Intermountain: Softwoods 480,943 817,031 821,687 118,136 48,086 154,395 160,326 Hardwoods 15,757 11,635 3,054 6,299 2,007 3,398 4,053 Total 496,700 828,666 824,741 124,435 50,093 157,793 164,379 Rocky Mountain total: Softwoods 501,124 842,828 843,009 130,383 48,810 154,395 167,536 Hardwoods 30,870 27,895 23,654 6,316 2,431 3,398 18,725 Total 531,994 870,723 866,663 136,699 51,241 157,793 186,261 Thousand cubic feet

## 148 Table 35—(continued).

NonNational Other Forest industrial All owners forest public industry private Region, subregion, and species group 1996 1986 1976 1996 1996 1996 1996

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Softwoods 177,298 117,881 107,437 50,511 3,402 -- 123,385 Hardwoods 5,229 5,211 3,164 401 1,480 -- 3,348 Total 182,527 123,092 110,601 50,912 4,882 -- 126,733
Pacific Northwest: Softwoods 1,621,480 3,121,025 3,101,707 137,483 226,575 800,856 456,566 Hardwoods 99,492 98,375 106,286 1,311 12,686 39,693 45,802 Total 1,720,969 3,219,400 3,207,993 138,793 239,260 840,548 502,368
Pacific Southwest: Softwoods 618,021 818,897 818,402 95,633 22,925 356,938 142,525 Hardwoods 10,036 11,579 16,805 3,508 100 5,020 1,408 Total 628,056 830,476 835,207 99,141 23,025 361,958 143,932
Pacific Coast total: Softwoods 2,416,799 4,057,803 4,027,546 283,627 252,902 1,157,794 722,476 Hardwoods 114,757 115,165 126,255 5,220 14,266 44,713 50,558 Total 2,531,552 4,172,968 4,153,801 288,846 267,167 1,202,506 773,033
United States: Softwoods 10,064,531 10,943,214 9,999,127 629,466 560,784 3,682,805 5,191,476 Hardwoods 5,956,213 5,012,361 4,194,900 198,731 385,006 1,050,014 4,322,462

Total 16,020,744 15,955,575 14,194,027 828,197 945,790 4,732,819 9,513,938
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Thousand cubic feetTable 36—Net annual growth, removals, and mortality of growing stock on timberland in the United States by species group, region, subregion, and State, 1996

All species Softwoods Hardwoods Region, subregion, Net Net Net and State growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality

Thousand cubic feet North: Northeast: Connecticut 46,136 11,691 17,588 5,324 3,013 512 40,811 8,678 17,077 Delaware 12,225 7,654 4,088 2,633 3,966 1,544 9,592 3,688 2,544 Maine 402,249 441,730 223,295 181,572 234,039 164,637 220,676 207,691 58,658 Maryland 138,882 40,507 29,875 24,541 12,891 8,032 114,341 27,617 21,843 Massachusetts 97,580 15,703 19,352 31,765 7,987 7,757 65,815 7,715 11,596 New Hampshire 176,051 139,923 49,397 79,411 44,867 22,784 96,640 95,056 26,612 New Jersey 61,062 10,549 12,136 11,253 753 1,482 49,809 9,795 10,654 New York 589,832 141,068 109,278 145,116 42,646 23,265 444,716 98,421 86,013 Pennsylvania 630,512 219,541 177,157 69,745 18,735 11,019 560,768 200,805 166,138 Rhode Island 9,476 1,742 1,849 2,402 588 132 7,074 1,154 1,716 Vermont 195,110 77,296 48,661 70,927 37,958 15,653 124,182 39,338 33,008 West Virginia 510,256 167,313 95,073 21,393 6,272 16,791 488,863 161,041 78,282 Total 2,869,371 1,274,717 787,750 646,083 413,715 273,609 2,223,289 860,999 514,142
North Central: Illinois 137,441 77,167 40,005 3,823 741 818 133,619 76,426 39,187 Indiana 223,666 95,839 60,540 8,720 3,061 2,689 214,946 92,779 57,852 Iowa 41,155 25,503 15,864 840 105 59 40,314 25,398 15,806 Michigan 756,404 352,729 198,212 227,248 78,377 62,049 529,156 274,351 136,164 Minnesota 370,112 324,388 215,903 114,062 74,721 66,055 256,050 249,667 149,847 Missouri 239,389 161,069 65,605 27,569 12,695 3,052 211,819 148,374 62,553 Ohio 293,497 101,216 56,165 10,904 2,848 4,399 282,593 98,368 51,766 Wisconsin 488,957 359,789 187,728 129,961 82,081 42,787 358,996 277,708 144,941 Total 2,550,620 1,497,700 840,022 523,127 254,629 181,907 2,027,493 1,243,071 658,116
North total: 5,419,991 2,772,417 1,627,773 1,169,210 668,344 455,516 4,250,781 2,104,070 1,172,257 South: Southeast: Florida 684,839 586,211 100,041 526,274 499,369 49,962 158,565 86,841 50,080 Georgia 1,518,637 1,506,459 291,315 1,006,797 1,062,360 157,204 511,840 444,100 134,111 North Carolina 1,159,584 1,024,150 263,942 589,829 605,421 116,369 569,755 418,730 147,573 South Carolina 519,189 753,442 402,480 338,730 525,432 251,464 180,459 228,010 151,016 Virginia 848,401 589,007 175,750 317,170 254,855 54,977 531,231 334,151 120,773 Total 4,730,651 4,459,269 1,233,528 2,778,801 2,947,437 629,975 1,951,849 1,511,832 603,553
South Central: Alabama 1,223,677 1,441,144 198,045 657,630 985,347 106,203 566,047 455,798 91,842 Arkansas 896,274 747,179 140,764 546,133 436,826 44,997 350,141 310,354 95,767 Kentucky 384,129 249,303 88,592 25,114 15,641 12,851 359,015 233,662 75,741 Louisiana 834,007 791,336 157,640 526,081 562,933 77,642 307,926 228,403 79,997 Mississippi 1,104,610 1,157,367 163,272 639,086 729,714 74,777 465,523 427,653 88,495 Oklahoma 238,905 124,450 14,529 114,553 86,467 2,991 124,352 37,983 11,537 Tennessee 594,627 368,035 146,378 97,689 78,274 32,780 496,938 289,761 113,598 Texas 705,207 846,696 93,323 503,792 635,624 53,588 201,415 211,072 39,735 Total 5,981,436 5,725,510 1,002,543 3,110,078 3,530,826 405,829 2,871,358 2,194,686 596,714 South total: 10,712,087 10,184,779 2,236,071 5,888,879 6,478,263 1,035,804 4,823,208 3,706,518 1,200,267



## 149

## 150 Table 36—(continued).

All species Softwoods Hardwoods Region, subregion, Net Net Net and State growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality growth Removals Mortality
Thousand cubic feet Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 25,857 6,397 19,423 1,028 64 57 24,829 6,333 19,366 Nebraska 14,082 11,086 12,957 4,042 4,495 1,484 10,040 6,590 11,473 North Dakota 6,664 1,395 4,471 112 5 0 6,552 1,390 4,471 South Dakota 48,653 16,417 10,735 45,266 15,617 8,021 3,387 800 2,714 Total 95,256 35,295 47,587 50,448 20,181 9,563 44,808 15,113 38,025
Intermountain: Arizona 168,535 15,442 26,783 106,917 15,437 23,467 61,618 6 3,317 Colorado 342,891 20,598 177,861 194,231 12,828 129,922 148,660 7,770 47,939 Idaho 806,378 252,435 288,225 793,597 247,041 274,016 12,782 5,393 14,209 Montana 643,948 171,301 277,125 560,727 170,735 272,818 83,222 566 4,306 Nevada 60,462 1,342 2,477 4,243 1,342 2,111 56,219 -- 366 New Mexico 125,835 13,097 53,411 113,820 11,935 41,672 12,015 1,163 11,738 Utah 77,182 8,311 103,522 46,470 7,452 86,271 30,711 859 17,252 Wyoming 113,189 14,174 63,801 92,240 14,174 59,685 20,949 -- 4,116 Total 2,338,421 496,700 993,206 1,912,245 480,944 889,962 426,175 15,757 103,244 Rocky Mountain total: 2,433,676 531,995 1,040,793 1,962,694 501,125 899,525 470,983 30,870 141,268
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 222,776 182,527 204,705 136,888 177,299 194,542 85,888 5,228 10,163 Total 222,776 182,527 204,705 136,888 177,299 194,542 85,888 5,228 10,163
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 1,738,705 855,969 465,848 1,546,190 824,253 423,469 192,515 31,715 42,379 Washington 1,733,575 865,001 429,994 1,534,443 797,226 354,141 199,132 67,776 75,853 Total 3,472,280 1,720,970 895,842 3,080,632 1,621,479 777,610 391,648 99,491 118,232
Pacific Southwest: California 1,287,355 628,057 313,781 1,155,171 618,020 263,106 132,184 10,036 50,675 Hawaii 988 0 1,088 0 0 0 988 0 1,088 Total 1,288,343 628,057 314,869 1,155,171 618,020 263,106 133,172 10,036 51,763
Pacific Coast total: 4,983,400 2,531,554 1,415,416 4,372,692 2,416,798 1,235,258 610,708 114,755 180,158

United States: 23,549,154 16,020,745 6,320,052 13,393,474 10,064,530 3,626,102 10,155,680 5,956,213 2,693,950

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding.Table 37—Net all-live biomass on timberland in the Eastern and Western United States by rural-urban continuum class and forest type group, 1997

Major Intermediate- Large Small Forest type group Total metro small metro town town Rural

East: White-red-jack pine 561 104 124 21 227 84 Spruce-fir 555 8 61 94 324 67 Longleaf-slash pine 360 75 38 13 160 74 Loblolly-shortleaf pine 1,922 333 213 77 903 397 Oak-pine 1,287 253 148 44 574 268 Oak-hickory 5,953 1,220 748 142 2,432 1,411 Oak-gum-cypress 1,600 311 192 53 768 275 Elm-ash-cottonwood 491 130 70 18 204 70 Maple-beech-birch 2,632 370 377 199 1,266 420 Aspen-birch 532 13 71 34 276 138 Nonstocked 2 0 0010

East total: 15,895 2,817 2,044 695 7,135 3,205
West: Douglas-fir 1,966 387 433 184 612 349 Ponderosa pine 778 81 106 109 309 173 Western white pine 7 1 1051 Fir-spruce 1,213 98 116 84 427 487 Hemlock-Sitka spruce 937 101 136 48 202 450 Larch 54 0 1 7 31 15 Lodgepole pine 432 4 12 49 170 197 Redwood 79 20 29 27 3 0 Other hardwoods 874 121 178 91 207 278 Unclass./other forest types 58 1 6 4 22 25 Pinyon-juniper 7 0 0421 Nonstocked 4 1 0011

West total: 6,409 814 1,018 609 1,991 1,977

United States: 22,304 3,630 3,062 1,303 9,126 5,182
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Predominant county population continuum class

Million dry tons



## 151

## 152 Table 38—Biomass on timberland in the United States by region, subregion, State, and tree component, 1997

Region, All All Sound subregion, and State biomass live Boles Tops Saplings dead

North: Northeast: Connecticut 82 81 51 18 12 1 Delaware 20 20 13 5 2 0 Maine 802 798 474 183 141 4 Maryland 151 151 102 35 13 1 Massachusetts 130 129 82 30 18 1 New Hampshire 304 303 199 73 31 1 New Jersey 80 80 48 18 14 1 New York 754 752 499 162 91 2 Pennsylvania 873 870 614 182 74 3 Rhode Island 13 13 8320 Vermont 292 290 193 71 27 2 West Virginia 744 742 489 170 84 1 Total 4,246 4,229 2,771 949 508 17
North Central: Illinois 161 160 112 32 16 1 Indiana 208 208 151 43 14 0 Iowa 75 74 52 15 7 1 Michigan 790 787 530 155 102 3 Minnesota 460 457 298 84 75 3 Missouri 475 474 310 99 65 1 Ohio 472 471 325 101 44 1 Wisconsin 562 555 383 112 59 7 Total 3,202 3,185 2,160 642 384 17
North total: 7,448 7,414 4,931 1,591 892 34
South: Southeast: Florida 435 435 327 45 63 0 Georgia 886 886 674 91 121 0 North Carolina 891 890 695 93 103 1 South Carolina 452 451 348 45 59 0 Virginia 784 783 607 89 87 1 Total 3,448 3,446 2,651 363 432 2
South Central: Alabama 843 842 554 155 134 1 Arkansas 831 829 559 167 102 3 Kentucky 618 616 442 112 62 2 Louisiana 648 648 455 129 64 0 Mississippi 775 773 519 155 99 1 Oklahoma 197 197 120 40 37 0 Tennessee 670 668 451 139 79 2 Texas 463 462 318 88 56 1 Total 5,044 5,035 3,417 985 633 9
South total: 8,492 8,481 6,068 1,348 1,065 11 Live trees

Million dry tonsTable 38—(continued).

Region, All All Sound subregion, and State biomass live Boles Tops Saplings dead

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 51 50 36 10 4 1 Nebraska 29 29 22 5 2 0 North Dakota 14 13 9310 South Dakota 31 31 24 4 2 1 Total 126 124 92 23 9 2
Intermountain: Arizona 118 117 78 31 7 2 Colorado 344 319 231 66 22 26 Idaho 792 766 578 144 44 26 Montana 618 581 396 132 53 37 Nevada 17 16 12 4 0 1 New Mexico 122 119 81 28 10 3 Utah 171 157 109 35 13 14 Wyoming 141 130 92 32 7 11 Total 2,324 2,204 1,576 471 156 120 Rocky Mountain total: 2,450 2,328 1,668 494 165 123
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 665 647 473 101 73 18 Total 665 647 473 101 73 18
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 1,410 1,365 1,145 197 23 45 Washington 1,098 1,074 877 166 31 24 Total 2,508 2,439 2,023 363 54 69
Pacific Southwest: California 993 989 798 133 58 3 Hawaii 554100 Total 998 995 802 134 59 3
Pacific Coast total: 4,171 4,081 3,297 598 186 90

United States: 22,561 22,304 15,965 4,031 2,308 258
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Live trees

Million dry tons



## 153

## 154 Table 39—Volume of roundwood products harvested in the United States by source of material, species group, region, subregion, and product, 1996

Source of material

Region, subregion, and product Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet North: Northeast: Saw logs 714,094 259,284 454,810 609,540 207,575 401,965 104,554 51,709 52,845 Veneer logs 32,687 2,571 30,116 28,697 2,058 26,639 3,990 513 3,477 Pulpwood 523,882 214,364 309,518 420,904 167,584 253,320 102,978 46,780 56,198 Composite products 2,118 179 1,939 1,727 140 1,587 391 39 352 Fuelwood 466,915 53,265 413,650 62,623 4,983 57,640 404,292 48,282 356,010 Posts, poles, and pilings 8,141 1,919 6,222 6,740 1,274 5,466 1,401 645 756 Miscellaneous products 24,533 13,165 11,368 18,727 8,740 9,987 5,806 4,425 1,381 Total 1,772,370 544,747 1,227,623 1,148,958 392,354 756,604 623,412 152,393 471,019
North Central: Saw logs 565,593 77,258 488,335 515,795 74,592 441,203 49,798 2,666 47,132 Veneer logs 27,442 504 26,938 24,919 455 24,464 2,523 49 2,474 Pulpwood 539,761 154,679 385,082 454,626 137,386 317,240 85,135 17,293 67,842 Composite products 199,404 11,516 187,888 183,186 9,101 174,085 16,218 2,415 13,803 Fuelwood 375,199 15,734 359,465 67,376 5,513 61,863 307,823 10,221 297,602 Posts, poles, and pilings 9,026 7,447 1,579 6,841 6,080 761 2,185 1,367 818 Miscellaneous products 20,142 3,989 16,153 17,217 3,898 13,320 2,924 91 2,833 Total 1,736,567 271,127 1,465,440 1,269,960 237,025 1,032,936 466,606 34,102 432,504
North total: Saw logs 1,279,687 336,542 943,145 1,125,335 282,167 843,168 154,352 54,375 99,977 Veneer logs 60,129 3,075 57,054 53,616 2,513 51,103 6,513 562 5,951 Pulpwood 1,063,643 369,043 694,600 875,530 304,970 570,560 188,113 64,073 124,040 Composite products 201,522 11,695 189,827 184,913 9,241 175,672 16,609 2,454 14,155 Fuelwood 842,114 68,999 773,115 129,999 10,496 119,503 712,115 58,503 653,612 Posts, poles, and pilings 17,167 9,366 7,801 13,581 7,354 6,227 3,586 2,012 1,574 Miscellaneous products 44,675 17,154 27,521 35,944 12,638 23,307 8,730 4,516 4,214 Total 3,508,937 815,874 2,693,063 2,418,918 629,379 1,789,540 1,090,018 186,495 903,523
South: Southeast: Saw logs 1,563,494 1,237,480 326,014 1,515,112 1,207,371 307,741 48,382 30,109 18,273 Veneer logs 238,126 186,231 51,895 233,508 182,100 51,408 4,618 4,131 487 Pulpwood 1,791,030 1,222,614 568,416 1,602,293 1,092,627 509,666 188,737 129,987 58,750 Composite products 106,917 69,160 37,757 94,255 60,688 33,567 12,662 8,472 4,190 Fuelwood 438,921 53,308 385,613 242,396 29,017 213,378 196,525 24,291 172,235 Posts, poles, and pilings 27,610 27,541 69 25,181 25,123 58 2,429 2,418 11 Miscellaneous products 21,807 18,643 3,164 17,503 14,626 2,877 4,304 4,017 287 Total 4,187,905 2,814,977 1,372,928 3,730,248 2,611,552 1,118,695 457,657 203,425 254,233
South Central: Saw logs 2,117,188 1,484,302 632,886 2,019,350 1,446,019 573,331 97,838 38,283 59,555 Veneer logs 586,877 549,943 36,934 570,544 534,509 36,035 16,333 15,434 899 Pulpwood 2,102,951 1,176,538 926,413 1,897,083 1,082,767 814,317 205,868 93,771 112,096 Composite products 45,880 30,818 15,062 39,769 26,672 13,097 6,111 4,146 1,965 Fuelwood 509,061 55,736 453,325 264,963 33,824 231,139 244,098 21,912 222,186 Posts, poles, and pilings 40,713 40,686 27 35,911 35,894 16 4,802 4,792 11 Miscellaneous products 2,208 1,838 370 1,717 1,470 246 491 368 124 Total 5,404,878 3,339,861 2,065,017 4,829,337 3,161,155 1,668,181 575,541 178,706 396,836 Growing stock Other sources All sources

## 155 Table 39—(continued).

Source of material

Region, subregion, and product Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet South total: Saw logs 3,680,682 2,721,782 958,900 3,534,462 2,653,390 881,072 146,220 68,392 77,828 Veneer logs 825,003 736,174 88,829 804,052 716,609 87,443 20,951 19,565 1,386 Pulpwood 3,893,981 2,399,152 1,494,829 3,499,376 2,175,394 1,323,983 394,605 223,758 170,846 Composite products 152,797 99,978 52,819 134,024 87,360 46,664 18,773 12,618 6,155 Fuelwood 947,982 109,044 838,938 507,359 62,841 444,517 440,623 46,203 394,421 Posts, poles, and pilings 68,323 68,227 96 61,092 61,017 74 7,231 7,210 22 Miscellaneous products 24,015 20,481 3,534 19,220 16,096 3,123 4,795 4,385 411 Total 9,592,783 6,154,838 3,437,945 8,559,585 5,772,707 2,786,876 1,033,198 382,131 651,069 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Saw logs 24,095 16,673 7,422 23,479 16,533 6,946 616 140 476 Veneer logs 102 0 102 100 0 100 2 0 2 Pulpwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Composite products 985 810 175 815 670 145 170 140 30 Fuelwood 42,310 1550 40760 1,287 73 1,214 41,023 1,477 39,546 Posts, poles, and pilings 667 145 522 16 16 0 651 129 522 Miscellaneous products 203 122 81 202 122 80 0 0 0 Total 68,362 19,300 49,062 25,899 17,414 8,485 42,462 1,886 40,576
Intermountain: Saw logs 365,770 364,425 1,346 338,055 336,831 1,224 27,715 27,593 122 Veneer logs 63,461 63,461 0 63,063 63,063 0 398 398 0 Pulpwood 26,177 26,177 0 18,715 18,715 0 7,462 7,462 0 Composite products 4,608 0 4,608 4,567 0 4,567 41 0 41 Fuelwood 130,189 97,179 33,009 6,049 2,821 3,228 124,139 94,358 29,781 Posts, poles, and pilings 13,006 12,964 41 11,234 11,195 40 1,771 1,770 1 Miscellaneous products 16,117 10,327 5,790 10,432 4,669 5,763 5,684 5,658 26 Total 619,328 574,533 44,794 452,115 437,294 14,822 167,210 137,239 29,971 Rocky Mountain total: Saw logs 389,865 381,098 8,768 361,534 353,364 8,170 28,331 27,733 598 Veneer logs 63,563 63,461 102 63,163 63,063 100 400 398 2 Pulpwood 26,177 26,177 0 18,715 18,715 0 7,462 7,462 0 Composite products 5,593 810 4,783 5,382 670 4,712 211 140 71 Fuelwood 172,499 98,729 73,769 7,336 2,894 4,442 165,162 95,835 69,327 Posts, poles, and pilings 13,673 13,109 563 11,250 11,211 40 2,422 1,899 523 Miscellaneous products 16,320 10,449 5,871 10,634 4,791 5,843 5,684 5,658 26 Total 687,690 593,833 93,856 478,014 454,708 23,307 209,672 139,125 70,547
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Saw logs 34,543 34,360 182 33,802 33,623 179 741 737 4 Veneer logs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pulpwood 19,256 19,183 73 17,278 17,213 65 1,978 1,970 7 Composite products 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fuelwood 12,782 7,078 5,704 10,173 5,832 4,341 2,609 1,245 1,364 Posts, poles, and pilings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Miscellaneous products 79,478 79,475 3 79,478 79,475 3 0 0 0 Total 146,059 140,096 5,962 140,731 136,143 4,588 5,328 3,952 1,375 All sources Other sources Growing stock

## 156 Table 39—(continued).

Source of material

Region, subregion, and product Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet Pacific Northwest: Saw logs 1,220,010 1,169,040 50,971 1,183,330 1,132,398 50,932 36,680 36,641 39 Veneer logs 297,416 285,894 11,521 272,608 261,309 11,299 24808 24585 222 Pulpwood 40,150 37,111 3,038 33,853 30,975 2,878 6297 6136 161 Composite products 1,443 1,443 0 1,217 1,217 0 226 226 0 Fuelwood 137,958 94,478 43,480 80,647 50,811 29,836 57,311 43,667 13,644 Posts, poles, and pilings 68,606 68,606 0 68,606 68,606 0 0 0 0 Miscellaneous products 2,196 2,196 0 1,499 1,499 0 697 697 0 Total 1,767,779 1,658,768 109,010 1,641,760 1,546,815 94,945 126,019 111,952 14,066
Pacific Southwest: Saw logs 515,436 515,436 0 473,354 473,354 0 42082 42082 0 Veneer logs 35,433 35,334 99 27,079 26,981 99 8353 8353 0 Pulpwood 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Composite products 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fuelwood 169,513 114,718 54,794 63,447 54,434 9,013 106,065 60,285 45,781 Posts, poles, and pilings 7,056 7,056 0 7,056 7,056 0 0 0 0 Miscellaneous products 245 245 0 4 4 0 241 241 0 Total 727,683 672,789 54,893 570,940 561,829 9,112 156,741 110,961 45,781
Pacific Coast total: Saw logs 1,769,989 1,718,836 51,153 1,690,486 1,639,375 51,111 79,503 79,460 43 Veneer logs 332,849 321,228 11,620 299,687 288,290 11,398 33,161 32,938 222 Pulpwood 59,406 56,294 3,111 51,131 48,188 2,943 8,275 8,106 168 Composite products 1,443 1,443 0 1,217 1,217 0 226 226 0 Fuelwood 320,253 216,274 103,978 154,267 111,077 43,190 165,985 105,197 60,789 Posts, poles, and pilings 75,662 75,662 0 75,662 75,662 0 0 0 0 Miscellaneous products 81,919 81,916 3 80,981 80,978 3 938 938 0 Total 2,641,521 2,471,653 169,865 2,353,431 2,244,787 108,645 288,088 226,865 61,222
United States: Saw logs 7,120,223 5,158,258 1,961,966 6,711,817 4,928,296 1,783,521 408,406 229,960 178,446 Veneer logs 1,281,544 1,123,938 157,605 1,220,518 1,070,475 150,044 61,025 53,463 7,561 Pulpwood 5,043,207 2,850,666 2,192,540 4,444,752 2,547,267 1,897,486 598,455 303,399 295,054 Composite products 361,355 113,926 247,429 325,536 98,488 227,048 35,819 15,438 20,381 Fuelwood 2,282,848 493,046 1,789,800 798,961 187,308 611,652 1,483,885 305,738 1,178,149 Posts, poles, and pilings 174,825 166,364 8,460 161,585 155,244 6,341 13,239 11,121 2,119 Miscellaneous products 166,929 130,000 36,929 146,779 114,503 32,276 20,147 15,497 4,651

Total 16,430,931 10,036,198 6,394,729 13,809,948 9,101,581 4,708,368 2,620,976 934,616 1,686,361
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. All sources Growing stock Other sourcesTable 40—Roundwood products, logging residues, and other removals from growing stock and other sources by species group, region, and subregion, 1996
Species group Region, subregion, class of material, and source of material Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet North: Northeast: Roundwood products— Growing stock 1,148,959 392,355 756,605 Other sources 623,413 152,393 471,020 Total 1,772,372 544,748 1,227,625 Logging residues— Growing stocka 125,757 21,362 104,395 Other sourcesb 587,751 173,399 414,351 Total 713,508 194,761 518,746 Other removals— Growing stock c 000 Other sourcesd 10,669 1,400 9,270 Total 10,669 1,400 9,270 Total, all classes— Growing stock 1,274,716 413,717 861,000 Other sources 1,221,833 327,192 894,641 Total, all materials 2,496,549 740,909 1,755,641
North Central: Roundwood products— Growing stock 1,269,961 237,025 1,032,936 Other sources 466,605 34,102 432,504 Total 1,736,566 271,127 1,465,440 Logging residues— Growing stocka 130,195 9,556 120,639 Other sourcesb 515,880 88,218 427,662 Total 646,075 97,774 548,301 Other removals— Growing stock c 97,545 8,048 89,496 Other sourcesd 93,098 4,566 88,533 Total 190,643 12,614 178,029 Total, all classes— Growing stock 1,497,701 254,629 1,243,071 Other sources 1,075,583 126,886 948,699 Total, all materials 2,573,284 381,515 2,191,770
North Total: Roundwood products— Growing stock 2,418,920 629,380 1,789,541 Other sources 1,090,018 186,495 903,523 Total 3,508,938 815,875 2,693,064 Logging residues— Growing stocka 255,951 30,918 225,033 Other sourcesb 1,103,631 261,618 842,013 Total 1,359,582 292,536 1,067,046



## 157

## 158 Table 40—(continued).

Region, subregion, class of material, and source of materials Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet Other removals— Growing stock c 97,545 8,048 89,496 Other sourcesd 103,768 5,966 97,802 Total 201,313 14,014 187,298 Total, all classes— Growing stock 2,772,417 668,346 2,104,070 Other sources 2,297,417 454,078 1,843,339 Total, all materials 5,069,834 1,122,424 3,947,409
South: Southeast: Roundwood products— Growing stock 3,730,248 2,611,553 1,118,695 Other sources 457,657 203,424 254,233 Total 4,187,905 2,814,977 1,372,928 Logging residues— Growing stocka 346,849 168,042 178,807 Other sourcesb 201,563 65,303 136,260 Total 548,412 233,345 315,067 Other removals— Growing stock c 382,172 167,842 214,330 Other sourcesd 196,586 61,558 135,028 Total 578,758 229,400 349,358 Total, all classes— Growing stock 4,459,269 2,947,437 1,511,832 Other sources 855,806 330,285 525,521 Total, all materials 5,315,075 3,277,722 2,037,353
South Central: Roundwood products— Growing stock 4,829,338 3,161,156 1,668,182 Other sources 575,540 178,705 396,835 Total 5,404,878 3,339,861 2,065,017 Logging residues— Growing stocka 465,665 200,394 265,271 Other sourcesb 508,465 147,927 360,538 Total 974,130 348,321 625,809 Other removals— Growing stock c 430,508 169,276 261,232 Other sourcesd 155,032 31,207 123,825 Total 585,540 200,483 385,057 Total, all classes— Growing stock 5,725,511 3,530,826 2,194,685 Other sources 1,239,037 357,839 881,198 Total, all materials 6,964,548 3,888,665 3,075,883 Species groupTable 40—(continued).
Species group Region, subregion, class of material, and source of material Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet South total: Roundwood products— Growing stock 8,559,586 5,772,708 2,786,877 Other sources 1,033,197 382,130 651,067 Total 9,592,783 6,154,838 3,437,944 Logging residues— Growing stocka 812,513 368,436 444,077 Other sourcesb 710,029 213,230 496,799 Total 1,522,542 581,666 940,876 Other removals— Growing stock c 812,680 337,118 475,563 Other sourcesd 351,618 92,765 258,852 Total 1,164,298 429,883 734,415 Total, all classes— Growing stock 10,184,780 6,478,262 3,706,517 Other sources 2,094,843 688,125 1,406,719 Total, all materials 12,279,623 7,166,387 5,113,236 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Roundwood products— Growing stock 25,899 17,414 8,485 Other sources 42,463 1,887 40,576 Total 68,362 19,301 49,061 Logging residues— Growing stocka 2,619 1,435 1,184 Other sourcesb 7,737 5,301 2,436 Total 10,356 6,736 3,620 Other removals— Growing stock c 6,776 1,332 5,445 Other sourcesd 11,891 937 10,954 Total 18,667 2,269 16,399 Total, all classes— Growing stock 35,294 20,181 15,113 Other sources 62,090 8,124 53,966 Total, all materials 97,384 28,305 69,079
Intermountain: Roundwood products— Growing stock 452,115 437,293 14,822 Other sources 167,212 137,240 29,972 Total 619,327 574,533 44,794 Logging residues— Growing stocka 44,585 43,650 935 Other sourcesb 105,322 102,278 3,043 Total 149,907 145,928 3,978



## 159

## 160 Table 40—(continued).

Region, subregion, class of material, and source of materials Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet Other removals— Growing stock c 000 Other sourcesd 000 Total 0 0 0 Total, all classes— Growing stock 496,700 480,943 15,757 Other sources 272,534 239,518 33,015 Total, all materials 769,234 720,461 48,772 Rocky Mountain total: Roundwood products— Growing stock 478,014 454,707 23,307 Other sources 209,675 139,127 70,548 Total 687,689 593,834 93,855 Logging residues— Growing stocka 47,204 45,085 2,119 Other sourcesb 113,059 107,579 5,480 Total 160,263 152,664 7,599 Other removals— Growing stock c 6,776 1,332 5,445 Other sourcesd 11,891 937 10,954 Total 18,667 2,269 16,399 Total, all classes— Growing stock 531,995 501,124 30,871 Other sources 334,624 247,643 86,981 Total, all materials 866,619 748,767 117,852
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Roundwood products— Growing stock 140,731 136,143 4,588 Other sources 5,327 3,953 1,375 Total 146,058 140,096 5,963 Logging residues— Growing stocka 40,696 40,061 635 Other sourcesb 30,911 30,448 462 Total 71,607 70,509 1,097 Other removals— Growing stock c 1,100 1,095 6 Other sourcesd 000 Total 1,100 1,095 6 Total, all classes— Growing stock 182,527 177,299 5,228 Other sources 36,238 34,401 1,837 Total, all materials 218,765 211,700 7,065 Species groupTable 40—(continued).
Species group Region, subregion, class of material, and source of material Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet Pacific Northwest: Roundwood products— Growing stock 1,641,759 1,546,815 94,944 Other sources 126,020 111,954 14,066 Total 1,767,779 1,658,769 109,010 Logging residues— Growing stocka 78,206 74,059 4,147 Other sourcesb 80,307 77,161 3,146 Total 158,513 151,220 7,293 Other removals— Growing stock c 1,005 605 400 Other sourcesd 000 Total 1,005 605 400 Total, all classes— Growing stock 1,720,970 1,621,479 99,491 Other sources 206,327 189,115 17,212 Total, all materials 1,927,297 1,810,594 116,703
Pacific Southwest: Roundwood products— Growing stock 570,940 561,828 9,112 Other sources 156,742 110,961 45,781 Total 727,682 672,789 54,893 Logging residues— Growing stocka 57,094 56,183 911 Other sourcesb 43,684 43,683 0 Total 100,778 99,866 911 Other removals— Growing stock c 22 9 13 Other sourcesd 222 77 145 Total 244 86 158 Total, all classes— Growing stock 628,057 618,020 10,036 Other sources 200,648 154,721 45,926 Total, all materials 828,705 772,741 55,962
Pacific Coast total: Roundwood products— Growing stock 2,353,430 2,244,786 108,644 Other sources 288,089 226,868 61,222 Total 2,641,519 2,471,654 169,866 Logging residues— Growing stocka 175,996 170,303 5,693 Other sourcesb 154,902 151,293 3,609 Total 330,898 321,596 9,302 Other removals— Growing stock c 2,128 1,709 419 Other sourcesd 222 77 145 Total 2,350 1,786 564



## 161

## 162 Table 40—(continued).

Region, subregion, class of material, and source of materials Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Thousand cubic feet Total, all classes— Growing stock 2,531,554 2,416,798 114,756 Other sources 443,213 378,238 64,976 Total, all materials 2,974,767 2,795,036 179,732
United States: Roundwood products— Growing stock 13,809,951 9,101,582 4,708,369 Other sources 2,620,979 934,618 1,686,361 Total 16,430,930 10,036,200 6,394,730 Logging residues— Growing stocka 1,291,665 614,743 676,922 Other sourcesb 2,081,620 733,720 1,347,900 Total 3,373,285 1,348,463 2,024,822 Other removals— Growing stock c 919,129 348,207 570,922 Other sourcesd 467,498 99,745 367,753 Total 1,386,627 447,952 938,675 Total, all classes— Growing stock 16,020,745 10,064,531 5,956,214 Other sources 5,170,097 1,768,083 3,402,014 Total, all materials 21,190,842 11,832,614 9,358,228

a Growing-stock volume cut or knocked down during harvest but left at the harvest site. b Wood volume other than growing stock cut or knocked down during harvest but left on the ground. This volume is net of wet rot or advanced dry rot, and excludes old punky logs; consists of material sound enough to chip; includes downed dead and cull trees, tops above the 4-inch growing-stock top, and smaller than 5 inches d.b.h.; excludes stumps and limbs.
c Growing-stock volume removed by cultural operations or timberland clearing. d Wood volume other than growing stock removed by cultural operations or timberland clearing. This volume is net of wet rot or advanced dry rot, and excludes old punky logs; consists of material sound enough to chip; includes downed dead and cull trees, tops above the 4-inch growing-stock top, and smaller than 5 inches dbh; excludes stumps and limbs. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Species groupTable 41—Weight of bark and wood residue from primary wood-using mills by type of material, species group, region, subregion, a nd type of use, 1996

Region, subregion, Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand type of use Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

North: Northeast: Fiber products 1,484 329 1,155 46 13 32 1,438 316 1,122 1,369 285 1,084 70 31 38 Fuel 1,971 397 1,574 317 70 247 1,654 327 1,327 997 215 782 656 112 544 Other uses 2,208 499 1,709 717 135 582 1,490 364 1,126 302 65 237 1,188 299 889 Not used 404 101 302 109 28 80 295 73 222 158 44 114 137 29 108 Total 6,067 1,326 4,740 1,189 246 941 4,877 1,080 3,797 2,826 609 2,217 2,051 471 1,579

North Central: Fiber products 1,542 236 1,307 47 1 45 1,496 234 1,261 1,406 215 1,191 90 19 70 Fuel 3,711 670 3,041 1,795 381 1,414 1,916 289 1,627 876 69 807 1,040 220 820 Other uses 2,239 160 2,079 853 64 789 1,386 97 1,290 606 50 557 780 47 733 Not used 357 58 299 101 20 81 256 37 218 78 12 66 178 26 152 Total 7,849 1,124 6,726 2,796 466 2,329 5,054 657 4,396 2,966 346 2,621 2,088 312 1,775

North total: Fiber products 3,026 565 2,461 92 14 78 2,934 551 2,383 2,775 500 2,275 159 50 109 Fuel 5,682 1,067 4,615 2,112 452 1,661 3,570 616 2,954 1,873 284 1,590 1,697 332 1,365 Other uses 4,447 660 3,787 1,570 199 1,371 2,877 461 2,416 909 114 794 1,968 346 1,622 Not used 761 159 602 210 49 161 551 110 441 236 56 180 314 54 260 Total 13,916 2,451 11,465 3,984 714 3,271 9,932 1,738 8,194 5,793 954 4,839 4,138 782 3,356

South: Southeast: Fiber products 8,827 7,344 1,483 2 0 2 8,825 7,344 1,481 7,376 5,951 1,425 1,450 1393 56 Fuel 10,132 7,131 3,001 5,241 3,618 1,623 4,891 3,513 1,378 654 367 288 4,237 3,146 1,091 Other uses 2,785 2,229 556 1,278 915 363 1,507 1,315 193 522 456 65 986 858 127 Not used 194 97 98 58 34 24 136 63 74 58 28 31 78 35 43 Total 21,938 16,801 5,138 6,579 4,567 2,012 15,359 12,235 3,126 8,610 6,802 1,809 6,751 5,432 1,317

South Central: Fiber products 11,143 8,869 2,274 7 0 7 11,136 8,869 2,267 10,240 8,006 2,234 897 863 34 Fuel 15,372 10,335 5,038 7,391 4,739 2,652 7,981 5,595 2,386 1442 728 714 6,539 4,867 1,672 Other uses 3,423 2,198 1,224 1,096 665 431 2,327 1,533 794 683 408 274 1,644 1125 519 Not used 541 212 329 114 48 67 427 164 262 159 32 127 268 132 136 Total 30,479 21,614 8,865 8,608 5,452 3,157 21,871 16,161 5,709 12,524 9,174 3,349 9,348 6,987 2,361

South total: Fiber products 19,970 16,213 3,757 9 0 9 19,962 16,213 3,748 17,615 13,957 3,658 2,346 2,256 90 Fuel 25,505 17,466 8,039 12,632 8,357 4,275 12,873 9,109 3,764 2,097 1,095 1,002 10,776 8,014 2,762 Other uses 6,208 4,427 1,780 2,374 1,580 794 3,834 2,848 986 1,204 865 340 2,630 1,983 647 Not used 735 308 427 172 82 91 563 227 336 217 60 158 345 167 179 Total 52,418 38,414 14,003 15,187 10,019 5,169 37,232 28,397 8,834 21,133 15,977 5,158 16,097 12,420 3,678 Fine materials Coarse materials

Thousand dry tons Total residue Bark residue All materials



## 163

## 164 Table 41—(continued).

Region, subregion Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand type of use Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Fiber products 79 74 5 0 0 0 79 74 5 65 60 5 14 14 0 Fuel 58 46 12 32 29 3 26 16 9 14 7 7 12 10 2 Other uses 59 4 55 16 2 13 44 2 42 24 1 23 20 1 19 Not used 22 8 13 6 3 3 15 5 10 8 2 7 7 3 4 Total 218 132 85 54 34 19 164 97 66 111 70 42 53 28 25

Intermountain: Fiber products 4,284 4,280 4 0 0 0 4,284 4,280 4 3,281 3,277 4 1,003 1,003 0 Fuel 2,471 2,466 4 1,234 1,233 1 1,237 1233 4 192 191 1 1,045 1,043 3 Other uses 392 388 3 113 112 1 278 276 2 75 75 0 203 201 2 Not used 267 264 3 143 142 1 124 123 2 72 71 1 52 52 0 Total 7,414 7,398 14 1,490 1,487 3 5,923 5,912 12 3,620 3,614 6 2,303 2,299 5 Rocky Mountain total: Fiber products 4,363 4,354 9 0 0 0 4,363 4,354 9 3,345 3,336 9 1017 1017 0 Fuel 2,528 2,512 17 1266 1262 4 1,263 1,250 13 206 197 9 1057 1053 4 Other uses 451 393 58 129 115 14 322 278 44 99 76 23 223 202 20 Not used 289 273 16 149 145 4 140 128 12 81 72 8 59 55 4 Total 7,631 7,532 100 1,544 1,522 22 6,088 6,010 78 3,731 3,681 49 2,356 2,327 28

Pacific Coast: Alaska: Fiber products 90 90 0 0 0 0 90 90 0 90 90 0 0 0 0 Fuel 36 36 0 0 0 0 36 36 0 10 10 0 25 25 0 Other uses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Not used 115 110 5 91 90 2 24 20 4 17 14 3 7 6 1 Total 241 236 5 91 90 2 150 146 4 117 114 3 32 31 1 Coarse materials

Thousand dry tons Fine materials Total residue Bark residue All materialsTable 41—(continued).

Region, subregion Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardand type of use Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods

Pacific Northwest: Fiber products 7,304 6,987 317 1 1 0 7,303 6,986 316 5,062 4,772 291 2,240 2,215 26 Fuel 3,986 3,606 380 2,385 2,221 165 1,601 1,385 216 561 443 119 1,039 942 97 Other uses 1,219 1,110 109 335 305 31 884 805 79 600 566 34 284 239 45 Not used 15 15 0 7 7 0 7 7 0 4 4 0 4 4 0 Total 12,524 11,718 806 2,728 2,534 196 9,795 9,183 611 6,227 5,785 444 3,567 3,400 168

Pacific Southwest: Fiber products 2,147 2,144 3 15 15 0 2,132 2,129 3 1,592 1,589 3 540 540 0 Fuel 2,286 2,284 1 850 849 1 1,436 1,436 0 544 544 0 892 891 0 Other uses 382 382 0 119 119 0 263 263 0 88 88 0 175 175 0 Not used 8 8 0 8 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 4,823 4,818 4 992 991 1 3,831 3,828 3 2,224 2,221 3 1,607 1,606 0

Pacific Coast total: Fiber products 9,541 9,221 320 16 15 0 9,525 9,205 320 6,744 6,450 294 2,781 2,755 26 Fuel 6,308 5,926 382 3,235 3,069 166 3,072 2,856 216 1,116 997 119 1,956 1,859 97 Other uses 1,602 1,492 110 454 424 31 1,147 1,068 79 688 654 34 459 414 45 Not used 139 133 5 107 106 2 31 28 4 20 17 3 11 10 1 Total 17,590 16,772 817 3,812 3,614 199 13,775 13,157 619 8,568 8,118 450 5,207 5,038 169

United States: Fiber products 36,900 30,353 6,547 117 30 87 36,783 30,323 6,460 30,480 24,244 6,236 6,303 6,079 224 Fuel 40,023 26,971 13,052 19,246 13,140 6,105 20,777 13,830 6,947 5,292 2,573 2,719 15,486 11,258 4,228 Other uses 12,707 6,972 5,735 4,527 2,317 2,210 8,180 4,655 3,525 2,901 1,709 1,192 5,279 2,946 2,333 Not used 1,923 873 1,050 638 381 258 1,285 492 792 555 206 349 730 287 443

Total 91,553 65,169 26,384 24,528 15,868 8,660 67,025 49,300 17,724 39,228 28,732 10,496 27,798 20,570 7,228

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Thousand dry tons Total residue Bark residue All materials Coarse materials Fine materials



## 165

## 166 Table B1—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 1,554 1,464 1,306 355 264 0 0 0 0 0 161 266 136 32 24 Delaware 512 523 408 490 539 0 0 0 0 0 24 23 21 6 7 Maine 29,859 32,859 25,232 20,144 17,233 162 51 43 39 36 1,473 1,304 301 234 229 Maryland 2,260 2,250 1,727 1,630 1,472 0 0 0 0 0 244 242 121 63 57 Massachusetts 5,582 5,719 4,168 2,534 1,299 0 0 0 0 0 831 910 779 247 127 New Hampshire 12,665 9,481 8,607 5,977 5,381 897 929 580 653 588 1,288 723 158 169 152 New Jersey 1,118 1,236 574 557 407 0 0 0 0 0 438 501 147 50 37 New York 18,144 14,017 7,771 6,769 6,311 23 2000 2,465 1,759 660 575 536 Pennsylvania 7,190 5,485 3,714 3,222 2,988 198 174 135 125 116 1,212 866 555 481 446 Rhode Island 125 187 288 43 29 0 0 0 0 0 21 86 6 3 2 Vermont 8,686 5,117 4,200 2,776 3,270 203 123 65 76 89 444 328 225 108 127 West Virginia 3,869 2,754 2,901 1,460 1,394 1,051 492 819 404 386 245 88 53 106 101 Total 91,564 81,092 60,896 45,957 40,587 2,534 1,771 1,642 1,297 1,215 8,845 7,096 3,162 2,074 1,845
North Central: Illinois 338 338 236 80 31 96 96 63 13 2 130 130 79 1 0 Indiana 1,005 617 255 140 78 120 62 14 8 2 138 65 74 40 47 Iowa 33 19 14 7 6 0 0000 00000 Michigan 22,783 18,442 13,974 9,119 5,929 4,550 3,587 2,186 1,012 428 6,038 4,907 3,567 2,207 1,335 Minnesota 12,411 11,196 8,531 6,133 4,713 3,066 2,367 2,551 1,233 1,006 4,887 4,941 3,355 2,976 2,030 Missouri 2,754 2,073 1,293 924 684 1,083 1,043 697 568 347 222 96 41 17 12 Ohio 1,050 976 886 343 326 98 48 45 22 21 113 85 89 33 31 Wisconsin 14,691 11,594 9,183 5,463 4,494 2,310 2,086 1,092 650 346 3,125 3,360 1,974 1,175 1,609 Total 55,064 45,255 34,372 22,209 16,261 11,323 9,289 6,648 3,506 2,152 14,653 13,584 9,179 6,449 5,064

North total: 146,628 126,347 95,268 68,166 56,848 13,857 11,060 8,290 4,803 3,367 23,498 20,680 12,341 8,523 6,909
South: Southeast: Florida 28,312 28,369 25,278 19,623 15,919 3,362 3,036 2,596 1,826 1,566 5,793 4,520 2,489 1,278 1,014 Georgia 53,244 53,496 50,456 38,410 33,968 2,200 1,577 1,895 1,506 1,427 5,419 4,176 3,318 3,174 2,650 North Carolina 44,048 42,642 38,529 31,419 29,210 2,400 2,214 1,890 1,194 1,080 2,769 2,047 1,308 1,100 877 South Carolina 29,381 34,079 28,030 19,129 15,450 2,607 3,518 2,819 2,152 1,455 2,431 2,379 1,477 991 480 Virginia 19,881 18,686 17,441 15,010 14,852 1,255 1,150 1,107 883 873 1,270 1,132 892 726 719 Total 174,866 177,272 159,734 123,591 109,399 11,822 11,495 10,307 7,561 6,401 17,681 14,254 9,484 7,269 5,740
South Central: Alabama 42,814 39,787 43,207 32,556 21,273 2,640 2,789 2,486 1,786 1,101 1,253 936 876 589 301 Arkansas 39,484 35,701 29,783 21,945 17,366 8,444 6,639 5,263 4,051 3,346 1,436 1,050 620 195 158 Kentucky 2,751 2,464 2,092 1,309 1,608 465 407 438 334 410 107 10 8 13 17 Louisiana 44,944 45,446 38,380 26,658 19,518 4,031 3,986 3,585 2,239 1,292 1,732 1,277 996 442 325 Mississippi 39,338 38,427 35,369 20,008 13,902 7,466 7,487 6,363 5,030 2,899 2,703 1,156 1,739 760 1,180 Oklahoma 4,239 3,680 3,576 2,262 1,771 930 712 510 418 307 262 198 145 8 7 Tennessee 9,614 8,661 5,724 3,997 3,412 1,302 1,381 914 929 814 1,245 1,006 600 286 310 Texas 35,133 36,887 36,052 24,436 15,967 6,403 6,782 5,420 5,390 2,759 665 842 757 272 149 Total 218,316 211,053 194,183 133,171 94,817 31,681 30,183 24,979 20,177 12,928 9,403 6,475 5,741 2,565 2,447
South total: 393,182 388,325 353,917 256,762 204,216 43,503 41,678 35,286 27,738 19,329 27,085 20,729 15,225 9,834 8,187 All owners National forest Other publica

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

## 167 Table B1—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 31 14 1 0 0 0 0000 10000 Nebraska 811 759 617 403 260 227 104 93 76 64 98 84 64 34 14 North Dakota 5 7 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 00000 South Dakota 4,779 6,027 5,664 5,330 5,088 3,882 4,395 4,691 4,539 4,381 178 454 330 221 199 Total 5,626 6,807 6,282 5,733 5,348 4,110 4,499 4,784 4,615 4,445 276 538 394 255 213

Intermountain: Arizona 25,991 29,102 22,063 22,218 22,714 17,874 20,703 14,977 14,707 14,494 231 8,190 6,727 7,131 7,804 Colorado 56,422 61,652 50,685 49,966 47,599 41,181 46,364 39,485 39,329 37,598 4,787 4,768 2,568 2,439 2,293 Idaho 164,580 139,582 139,049 139,794 137,701 126,831 101,659 95,430 93,731 89,475 14,663 16,177 14,425 14,472 15,060 Montana 131,842 91,678 96,238 110,222 105,498 98,341 59,383 60,061 69,792 64,182 8,740 9,508 9,219 9,379 9,142 Nevada 1,614 2,059 1,363 1,362 1,328 742 1,164 417 441 411 271 58 51 50 50 New Mexico 20,669 23,842 24,347 25,168 25,421 13,244 16,371 12,473 12,847 12,254 486 2,884 5,877 6,098 6,517 Utah 23,596 14,631 14,357 15,325 15,542 18,534 11,154 11,258 11,904 11,520 1,700 1,415 1,686 1,861 2,188 Wyoming 26,707 24,358 26,683 20,489 19,947 19,770 17,421 21,968 16,032 15,891 2,272 2,793 1,952 1,845 1,679 Total 451,419 386,904 374,785 384,544 375,750 336,518 274,219 256,069 258,783 245,825 33,150 45,793 42,505 43,275 44,733
Rocky Mountain total: 457,045 393,711 381,067 390,277 381,098 340,628 278,718 260,853 263,398 250,270 33,426 46,331 42,899 43,530 44,946
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 140,563 168,317 216,041 223,734 224,187 90,976 111,002 161,918 175,094 178,182 22,244 26,743 51,359 47,484 45,059 Total 140,563 168,317 216,041 223,734 224,187 90,976 111,002 161,918 175,094 178,182 22,244 26,743 51,359 47,484 45,059
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 462,689 384,260 414,186 485,086 530,601 301,502 227,902 252,804 274,650 267,197 75,831 77,128 72,607 79,726 92,373 Washington 334,471 319,481 313,300 345,226 361,086 165,201 125,918 133,819 149,351 152,947 53,553 73,168 67,715 70,386 70,555 Total 797,160 703,741 727,486 830,312 891,687 466,703 353,820 386,623 424,001 420,144 129,384 150,296 140,322 150,112 162,928
Pacific Southwest: California 297,093 289,175 255,594 299,247 337,797 188,362 182,721 157,958 171,879 176,982 7,792 7,314 6,356 7,955 10,952 Hawaii 18 18 17 16 17 0 0 0 0 0 12 12 11 11 11 Total 297,111 289,193 255,611 299,263 337,814 188,362 182,721 157,958 171,879 176,982 7,804 7,326 6,367 7,966 10,963
Pacific Coast total: 1,234,833 1,161,251 1,199,138 1,353,309 1,453,329 746,042 618,323 706,499 770,974 775,308 159,433 184,365 198,048 205,562 218,591

United States: 2,231,688 2,069,634 2,029,390 2,068,514 2,095,491 1,144,030 949,779 1,010,928 1,066,913 1,048,274 243,442 272,105 268,513 267,449 278,633 All owners National forest Other publica

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

## 168 Table B1—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 00000 1,393 1,198 1,170 323 240 Delaware 15 15 77 40 37 473 485 310 444 495 Maine 11,434 16,900 13,570 8,475 7,237 16,790 14,604 11,318 11,396 9,731 Maryland 166 166 224 135 122 1,849 1,842 1,382 1,432 1,293 Massachusetts 283 222 85 214 110 4,468 4,587 3,304 2,073 1,062 New Hampshire 575 891 1,318 1,016 915 9,906 6,938 6,551 4,139 3,726 New Jersey 0 0 0 1 1 680 735 427 506 369 New York 1,093 1,100 855 745 695 14,562 11,156 6,256 5,449 5,080 Pennsylvania 233 263 144 125 116 5,548 4,182 2,880 2,491 2,310 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 104 101 282 40 27 Vermont 229 334 488 399 470 7,810 4,332 3,422 2,193 2,584 West Virginia 207 405 307 53 51 2,366 1,769 1,722 897 856 Total 14,235 20,296 17,068 11,203 9,754 65,950 51,929 39,024 31,383 27,773
North Central: Illinois 0 0 1 2 2 112 112 93 64 27 Indiana 0 0 1 1 0 746 490 166 91 29 Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 33 19 14 7 6 Michigan 2,574 2,813 2,611 2,079 1,836 9,621 7,135 5,610 3,821 2,330 Minnesota 778 936 597 531 480 3,679 2,952 2,028 1,393 1,197 Missouri 135 71 35 24 19 1,315 863 520 315 306 Ohio 65 0 0 18 17 774 843 752 270 257 Wisconsin 998 1,246 1,982 1,180 301 8,258 4,902 4,135 2,458 2,238 Total 4,550 5,066 5,227 3,835 2,655 24,538 17,316 13,318 8,419 6,390

North total: 18,784 25,362 22,295 15,038 12,409 90,488 69,245 52,342 39,802 34,163
South: Southeast: 0000 0000 Florida 5,334 6,366 7,868 6,286 4,990 13,824 14,447 12,325 10,233 8,349 Georgia 7,954 9,531 8,452 7,245 6,420 37,671 38,212 36,791 26,485 23,471 North Carolina 5,015 4,372 3,628 4,870 4,966 33,865 34,009 31,703 24,255 22,287 South Carolina 4,674 5,594 4,359 3,551 2,783 19,669 22,588 19,375 12,435 10,732 Virginia 2,561 2,749 2,799 2,597 2,569 14,796 13,655 12,643 10,804 10,691 Total 25,538 28,612 27,106 24,549 21,728 119,824 122,911 112,837 84,212 75,530
South Central: Alabama 10,451 9,667 11,683 9,672 6,275 28,471 26,395 28,162 20,509 13,596 Arkansas 13,624 14,385 13,181 13,309 11,617 15,979 13,627 10,719 4,390 2,245 Kentucky 30 15 15 39 48 2,149 2,032 1,631 923 1,133 Louisiana 11,424 11,863 11,653 11,055 9,144 27,757 28,320 22,146 12,922 8,757 Mississippi 6,726 6,741 6,392 5,290 6,571 22,443 23,043 20,875 8,928 3,252 Oklahoma 1,256 1,264 1,924 1,463 1,241 1,791 1,506 997 373 216 Tennessee 750 912 612 276 258 6,317 5,362 3,598 2,506 2,030 Texas 7,584 9,878 14,511 11,487 7,995 20,481 19,385 15,364 7,287 5,064 Total 51,844 54,725 59,971 52,591 43,149 125,387 119,670 103,492 57,838 36,293 South total: 77,382 83,337 87,077 77,140 64,877 245,211 242,581 216,329 142,050 111,823 Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule Nonindustrial privatea Forest Industry

## 169 Table B1—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 30 14 1 0 0 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 486 571 460 293 182 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 0 South Dakota 0 50 63 35 32 718 1,128 580 535 476 Total 0 50 63 35 32 1,239 1,720 1,041 828 658

Intermountain: Arizona 00000 7,886 209 359 380 416 Colorado 0 0 75 71 67 10,453 10,520 8,557 8,127 7,641 Idaho 10,485 9,888 13,290 16,090 17,664 12,600 11,858 15,904 15,501 15,502 Montana 7,673 11,052 9,526 13,484 15,173 17,088 11,735 17,432 17,567 17,001 Nevada 125 0 86 84 84 476 837 809 787 783 New Mexico 0 13 0 447 477 6,939 4,574 5,997 5,776 6,173 Utah 00000 3,361 2,062 1,413 1,560 1,834 Wyoming 0 175 220 208 189 4,665 3,969 2,543 2,404 2,188 Total 18,283 21,128 23,197 30,384 33,654 63,468 45,764 53,014 52,102 51,538 Rocky Mountain total: 18,283 21,178 23,260 30,419 33,686 64,708 47,484 54,055 52,930 52,196
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 00000 27,342 30,572 2,764 1,156 946 Total 00000 27,342 30,572 2,764 1,156 946
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 49,202 50,525 65,030 96,680 128,081 36,154 28,705 23,745 34,030 42,950 Washington 61,055 77,732 75,974 93,443 108,184 54,409 42,663 35,792 32,046 29,400 Total 110,257 128,257 141,004 190,123 236,265 90,563 71,368 59,537 66,076 72,350
Pacific Southwest: California 47,598 44,176 40,883 51,532 63,406 53,341 54,964 50,397 67,881 86,457 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 66 6 5 6 Total 47,598 44,176 40,883 51,532 63,406 53,347 54,970 50,403 67,886 86,463
Pacific Coast total: 157,855 172,433 181,887 241,655 299,671 171,252 156,910 112,704 135,118 159,759

United States: 272,305 302,310 314,519 364,252 410,643 571,659 516,220 435,430 369,900 357,941

a Native American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule Nonindustrial privatea Forest Industry

## 170 Table B2—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by ownership group, region, subregion, and State, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 5,965 6,138 4,565 2,961 1,596 00000 1,045 986 359 251 135 Delaware 1,288 1,251 985 734 573 0 0 0 0 0 123 49 41 8 7 Maine 17,107 13,987 10,887 10,556 9,807 81 32 103 41 42 689 447 103 97 98 Maryland 11,139 11,160 6,440 5,462 5,042 00000 1,202 1,218 576 294 271 Massachusetts 6,340 5,878 3,700 1,892 1,360 00000 1,231 995 425 170 122 New Hampshire 10,516 8,267 5,958 4,652 3,075 1,529 1,767 1,322 1,701 1,124 786 429 207 91 60 New Jersey 4,653 2,742 2,553 2,395 2,325 00000 1,057 737 356 67 65 New York 43,623 35,395 18,318 16,972 16,096 56 13 0 0 0 3,623 3,066 1,258 1,166 1,106 Pennsylvania 59,357 46,238 30,538 21,908 16,671 3,345 3,318 2,039 917 698 12,459 9,021 5,871 4,212 3,205 Rhode Island 683 729 408 308 137 0 0 0 0 0 154 204 27 40 18 Vermont 14,262 8,727 6,192 4,124 4,626 941 822 355 422 473 1,546 1,090 335 196 220 West Virginia 54,570 30,070 26,033 20,887 22,716 5,308 3,895 3,585 1,883 2,048 2,502 1,004 509 736 801 Total 229,502 170,582 116,577 92,851 84,024 11,259 9,847 7,404 4,964 4,385 26,416 19,246 10,067 7,328 6,108
North Central: Illinois 17,158 17,156 14,665 10,931 9,488 924 924 738 459 245 962 962 658 202 133 Indiana 25,243 18,600 10,713 10,665 8,754 1,111 770 344 341 165 2,741 1,930 787 789 607 Iowa 5,758 4,264 3,406 4,540 5,054 0 0 0 9 4 615 502 376 174 67 Michigan 48,422 34,049 29,155 23,365 16,764 4,970 3,519 2,492 1,612 865 7,754 5,320 5,250 4,720 3,070 Minnesota 22,854 19,801 16,077 8,742 6,272 2,503 1,612 1,740 608 312 7,254 6,575 5,023 2,759 1,552 Missouri 23,118 19,237 13,978 13,516 13,418 2,363 2,290 1,563 1,199 751 1,341 730 407 205 215 Ohio 29,402 21,382 19,530 13,147 11,039 932 654 609 318 267 1,807 1,173 1,232 817 686 Wisconsin 33,416 27,344 20,614 13,206 10,259 2,770 1,942 1,084 687 687 4,867 4,655 2,672 1,717 1,672 Total 205,370 161,833 128,138 98,112 81,048 15,572 11,711 8,570 5,233 3,296 27,341 21,847 16,405 11,383 8,002
North total: 434,873 332,415 244,715 190,963 165,072 26,832 21,558 15,974 10,197 7,681 53,757 41,093 26,472 18,711 14,110
South: Southeast: Florida 16,976 16,498 13,563 11,572 10,347 665 573 509 373 281 3,180 2,383 634 282 217 Georgia 51,236 41,182 34,522 27,453 24,324 3,016 2,682 2,507 2,361 2,092 2,928 1,586 1,213 767 681 North Carolina 62,541 59,920 49,712 38,137 35,659 6,402 6,335 4,495 3,624 2,710 2,149 1,673 1,056 991 570 South Carolina 25,874 26,700 20,416 15,695 14,259 1,155 1,278 951 601 409 1,093 948 671 408 261 Virginia 60,371 55,204 45,490 34,124 30,747 6,548 5,752 4,780 2,522 2,273 3,107 2,344 1,933 679 612 Total 216,997 199,504 163,703 126,981 115,336 17,787 16,620 13,242 9,481 7,765 12,457 8,934 5,507 3,127 2,341
South Central: Alabama 33,362 24,726 21,931 18,443 18,194 1,101 762 584 519 421 1,475 862 516 369 247 Arkansas 37,476 28,807 20,234 22,828 25,033 5,634 3,587 2,570 2,509 1,509 4,251 2,300 1,424 1,851 1,086 Kentucky 42,877 31,682 26,850 19,897 21,312 2,795 1,625 1,570 685 734 1,582 772 713 724 776 Louisiana 30,581 25,290 24,171 26,486 22,423 1,160 808 670 345 209 2,676 2,221 1,058 523 402 Mississippi 37,851 30,141 25,326 16,081 16,839 2,632 2,181 1,655 874 314 3,168 1,259 1,276 525 508 Oklahoma 5,946 3,008 2,491 1,844 1,988 194 274 246 97 74 470 440 292 70 74 Tennessee 43,957 34,795 25,173 19,430 18,132 2,309 1,827 1,334 1,071 784 3,753 2,253 1,529 1,076 975 Texas 15,578 15,122 13,987 8,616 10,026 808 607 403 586 447 346 304 236 104 85 Total 247,628 193,571 160,163 133,625 133,947 16,633 11,671 9,032 6,686 4,492 17,721 10,411 7,044 5,242 4,153 South total: 464,625 393,075 323,866 260,606 249,283 34,420 28,291 22,274 16,167 12,257 30,179 19,345 12,551 8,369 6,494 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 4,363 2,976 2,019 1,795 1,707 0 0 0 0 0 236 174 91 81 62 Nebraska 2,550 1,185 1,153 1,103 1,071 0 5 4 1 0 211 65 55 40 30 North Dakota 820 569 474 456 509 1 0 0 0 0 91 67 146 141 157 South Dakota 539 205 401 243 215 3 5 7 5 5 31 36 54 33 29 Total 8,271 4,935 4,047 3,597 3,502 5 10 11 6 5 569 342 346 295 278 All owners National forest Other publ ica

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch ruleTable B2—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Intermountain: Arizona 1,162 1,277 648 646 572 451 629 424 434 376 0 648 100 94 87 Colorado 7,637 5,460 4,257 3,833 3,518 5,478 3,295 3,021 2,677 2,465 417 437 280 262 239 Idaho 1,165 983 568 738 763 293 220 105 225 209 203 276 165 164 159 Montana 1,324 1,284 1,097 1,078 1,018 281 93 85 84 76 67 117 271 263 248 Nevada 49 38 25 27 24 35 36 25 27 24 13 2000 New Mexico 1,468 1,292 1,573 1,506 1,372 983 974 463 448 385 39 47 95 91 85 Utah 2,566 1,441 1,209 1,475 1,417 1,924 878 785 1,054 1,000 230 163 133 132 131 Wyoming 683 517 397 320 291 262 96 106 46 43 88 88 111 104 95 Total 16,054 12,292 9,774 9,623 8,975 9,708 6,221 5,014 4,995 4,578 1,059 1,778 1,155 1,110 1,044 Rocky Mountain total: 24,326 17,227 13,821 13,220 12,477 9,713 6,231 5,025 5,001 4,583 1,628 2,120 1,501 1,405 1,322
Pacific Coast: Alaska: Alaska 6,224 7,827 9,883 10,038 10,164 574 492 835 873 872 3,190 2,937 8,794 8,986 9,206 Total 6,224 7,827 9,883 10,038 10,164 574 492 835 873 872 3,190 2,937 8,794 8,986 9,206
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 21,303 19,384 16,986 19,635 15,801 5,182 4,689 4,739 4,488 3,617 5,438 3,863 4,024 2,672 2,002 Washington 25,862 24,771 16,996 11,839 7,941 1,380 1,484 638 663 524 5,448 4,718 3,110 2,061 1,292 Total 47,165 44,155 33,982 31,474 23,742 6,562 6,173 5,377 5,151 4,141 10,886 8,581 7,134 4,733 3,294
Pacific Southwest: California 22,453 22,792 8,075 5,725 5,575 8,205 9,765 2,955 2,237 2,274 604 1,447 572 403 474 Hawaii 1,178 1,178 1,030 722 722 0 0 0 0 0 553 553 447 327 327 Total 23,631 23,970 9,105 6,447 6,297 8,205 9,765 2,955 2,237 2,274 1,157 2,000 1,019 730 801 Pacific Coast total: 77,019 75,952 52,970 47,959 40,203 15,340 16,430 9,167 8,261 7,287 15,232 13,518 16,947 14,449 13,301

United States: 1,000,842 818,669 635,372 512,748 467,035 86,304 72,510 52,440 40,346 31,808 100,797 76,076 57,471 42,934 35,227 All owners National forest Other publica

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule



## 171

## 172 Table B2—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

North: Northeast: Connecticut 00063 4,920 5,152 4,206 2,704 1,458 Delaware 2 23 13 60 39 1,163 1,179 931 666 527 Maine 7,852 7,803 6,347 4,421 4,102 8,485 5,705 4,334 5,997 5,565 Maryland 262 257 148 55 51 9,674 9,685 5,716 5,113 4,720 Massachusetts 199 193 30 161 116 4,910 4,690 3,245 1,561 1,122 New Hampshire 821 1,187 1,061 561 371 7,380 4,884 3,368 2,299 1,520 New Jersey 0 0 45 5 5 3,597 2,005 2,152 2,323 2,255 New York 4,120 3,096 2,064 1,912 1,813 35,823 29,220 14,996 13,894 13,177 Pennsylvania 2,898 3,055 1,284 921 701 40,655 30,844 21,344 15,858 12,067 Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 529 525 381 268 119 Vermont 590 776 1,170 760 853 11,184 6,039 4,332 2,746 3,080 West Virginia 4,537 3,240 2,591 1,200 1,305 42,224 21,931 19,348 17,068 18,562 Total 21,282 19,630 14,753 10,062 9,359 170,545 121,859 84,353 70,497 64,172
North Central: Illinois 61 61 54 45 61 15,209 15,209 13,215 10,225 9,049 Indiana 111 95 64 64 64 21,280 15,805 9,518 9,471 7,918 Iowa 0 0 38 14 19 5,143 3,762 2,992 4,343 4,964 Michigan 4,146 4,777 4,576 4,019 3,370 31,553 20,433 16,837 13,014 9,459 Minnesota 698 806 662 385 288 12,399 10,808 8,652 4,990 4,120 Missouri 354 423 373 188 215 19,060 15,794 11,635 11,924 12,237 Ohio 580 353 564 377 317 26,084 19,202 17,125 11,635 9,769 Wisconsin 2,105 1,991 2,263 1,453 708 23,673 18,756 14,595 9,349 7,192 Total 8,056 8,506 8,594 6,545 5,042 154,401 119,769 94,569 74,951 64,708
North total: 29,338 28,136 23,347 16,607 14,401 324,946 241,628 178,922 145,448 128,880
South: Southeast: 0000 0000 Florida 3,351 4,067 4,388 3,851 3,470 9,779 9,474 8,032 7,066 6,379 Georgia 5,850 7,122 5,988 3,845 3,405 39,441 29,792 24,814 20,480 18,146 North Carolina 4,051 4,690 3,822 3,890 5,100 49,938 47,222 40,339 29,632 27,279 South Carolina 3,912 4,957 3,843 3,075 2,375 19,714 19,517 14,951 11,611 11,214 Virginia 2,921 3,389 2,963 3,053 2,752 47,794 43,719 35,814 27,870 25,110 Total 20,086 24,225 21,004 17,714 17,102 166,667 149,724 123,950 96,659 88,128
South Central: Alabama 5,425 4,409 4,066 3,011 2,735 25,361 18,693 16,765 14,544 14,791 Arkansas 6,616 7,219 5,186 5,982 3,710 20,976 15,701 11,054 12,486 18,728 Kentucky 633 520 555 692 741 37,867 28,765 24,012 17,796 19,061 Louisiana 6,138 5,210 6,200 4,205 3,363 20,607 17,051 16,243 21,413 18,449 Mississippi 4,601 4,501 4,720 1,703 1,327 27,450 22,200 17,675 12,979 14,690 Oklahoma 279 330 487 244 261 5,003 1,965 1,466 1,433 1,579 Tennessee 2,715 2,930 2,406 1,233 951 35,181 27,784 19,904 16,050 15,422 Texas 4,025 3,858 4,025 2,406 2,489 10,399 10,353 9,323 5,520 7,005 Total 30,431 28,977 27,645 19,476 15,577 182,843 142,512 116,442 102,221 109,725 South total: 50,517 53,202 48,649 37,190 32,679 349,510 292,236 240,392 198,880 197,853 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains: Kansas 00000 4,127 2,802 1,928 1,714 1,645 Nebraska 00000 2,338 1,115 1,094 1,062 1,041 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 728 502 328 315 352 South Dakota 0 0 1 0 0 505 164 339 205 181 Total 00100 7,697 4,583 3,689 3,296 3,219 Nonindustrial privatea

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule Forest IndustryTable B2—(continued).

Region, subregion, and State 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953 1997 1987 1977 1963 1953

Intermountain: Arizona 0 0 0 0 0 711 0 124 118 109 Colorado 00111 1,742 1,728 955 893 813 Idaho 40 70 97 140 168 629 417 201 209 227 Montana 19 43 21 29 32 956 1,031 720 702 662 Nevada 00000 00000 New Mexico 0 2 0 50 46 446 269 1,015 917 856 Utah 0 0 0 0 0 412 400 291 289 286 Wyoming 0 0 3 3 2 333 333 177 167 151 Total 59 115 122 223 249 5,229 4,178 3,483 3,295 3,104 Rocky Mountain total: 59 115 123 223 249 12,926 8,761 7,172 6,591 6,323
Pacific Coast: Alaska: 0000 0000 Alaska 00000 2,460 4,398 254 179 86 Total 00000 2,460 4,398 254 179 86
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 4,367 4,509 3,909 5,023 4,093 6,317 6,323 4,314 7,452 6,089 Washington 7,524 8,382 5,753 3,770 2,319 11,576 10,187 7,495 5,345 3,806 Total 11,891 12,891 9,662 8,793 6,412 17,893 16,510 11,809 12,797 9,895
Pacific Southwest: California 4,139 3,311 1,206 896 714 10,368 8,269 3,342 2,189 2,113 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 625 625 583 395 395 Total 4,139 3,311 1,206 896 714 10,993 8,894 3,925 2,584 2,508 Pacific Coast total: 16,030 16,202 10,868 9,689 7,126 31,346 29,802 15,988 15,560 12,489

United States: 95,943 97,655 82,987 63,709 54,455 718,728 572,427 442,474 365,479 345,545

aNative American lands are included exclusively in the nonindustrial private owner group for 1997 only. For 1987 and earlier years, these lands may be included in the other public owner group. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule Nonindustrial privatea Forest Industry



## 173

## 176 Table B3—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce

and and Other and and Other Subregion slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern softand State Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast: Connecticut 1,554 0 0 12 662 0 0 869 0 11 Delaware 512 0 438 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maine 29,858 0 0 89 8,359 0 12,998 3,878 0 4,534 Maryland 2,260 0 1,404 641 96 0 3 84 15 16 Massachusetts 5,582 0 0 182 4,160 0 196 1,024 0 20 New Hampshire 12,665 0 0 121 7,736 0 2,227 2,534 0 47 New Jersey 1,118 0 76 765 81 0 0 39 0 156 New York 18,144 0 0 265 8,870 35 1,564 6,243 0 1,167 Pennsylvania 7,190 0 0 664 2,658 0 31 3,731 0 107 Rhode Island 125 0 0 15 108 0 0 0 0 2 Vermont 8,686 0 0 0 3,070 0 2,695 2,687 0 234 West Virginia 3,869 0 34 1,263 841 0 721 1,006 0 4 Total 91,564 0 1,952 4,092 36,641 35 20,434 22,095 15 6,299

North Central: Illinois 338 0 176 4 84 0 0 0 49 24 Indiana 1,005 0 161 356 333 19 0 0 16 120 Iowa 33 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 32 Michigan 22,783 0 0 176 8,796 1,479 3,961 3,168 0 5,202 Minnesota 12,411 0 0 8 3,834 1,719 3,754 0 0 3,096 Missouri 2,754 0 2,207 4 54 0 0 0 46 444 Ohio 1,050 0 23 447 512 0 0 46 0 22 Wisconsin 14,691 0 0 17 7,754 944 1,873 1,897 0 2,205 Total 55,064 0 2,567 1,014 21,369 4,161 9,588 5,110 111 11,145

Southeast: Florida 28,312 15,309 3,605 1,817 0 0 0 0 7,074 506 Georgia 53,244 13,756 32,102 2,855 1,600 0 0 45 2,780 107 North Carolina 44,048 2,063 28,112 7,115 3,331 0 66 986 2,067 307 South Carolina 29,382 3,384 21,906 1,828 233 0 0 62 1,827 142 Virginia 19,881 0 10,461 5,500 2,815 0 14 685 268 137 Total 174,866 34,512 96,186 19,115 7,979 0 80 1,779 14,016 1,200

South Central: Alabama 42,814 7,591 31,552 2,707 16 0 0 18 721 208 Arkansas 39,484 0 37,921 0 0 0 0 0 1,152 411 Kentucky 2,751 0 770 1,427 69 0 0 214 11 260 Louisiana 44,944 5,437 32,353 522 0 0 0 0 6,620 12 Mississippi 39,338 5,464 31,785 842 0 0 0 0 1,063 185 Oklahoma 4,239 0 4,120 0 0 0 0 0 12 108 Tennessee 9,614 0 3,510 3,545 1,187 0 0 590 414 369 Texas 35,133 1,276 33,213 0 0 0 0 0 495 149 Total 218,316 19,768 175,223 9,042 1,272 0 0 822 10,488 1,702

East Total: 539,809 54,279 275,928 33,262 67,261 4,196 30,102 29,806 24,629 20,346
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million board feet, International 1/4-inch ruleTable B4—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Select Select Other Other Subregion white red white red Yellow Hard Soft and State Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

Northeast: Connecticut 5,964 517 1,480 90 799 300 68 262 1,290 114 Delaware 1,288 213 46 20 235 19 0 0 227 36 Maine 17,107 25 1,100 0 39 0 2,279 4,434 3,538 1,542 Maryland 11,139 1,216 975 693 1,645 352 10 130 1,241 522 Massachusetts 6,340 235 1,421 8 598 76 200 427 1,718 247 New Hampshire 10,516 187 2,109 7 203 49 1,025 1,761 2,021 968 New Jersey 4,653 463 511 355 707 117 5 105 450 115 New York 43,623 900 4,049 671 697 1,079 1,449 9,969 8,545 3,338 Pennsylvania 59,357 3,699 8,638 3,646 3,858 1,464 417 5,264 9,880 3,248 Rhode Island 683 74 170 0 193 3 1 2 118 30 Vermont 14,262 60 948 58 6 58 1,157 5,231 2,283 1,239 West Virginia 54,570 5,211 6,017 4,980 5,621 3,131 345 2,751 3,239 3,027 Total 229,502 12,799 27,463 10,528 14,599 6,649 6,955 30,336 34,551 14,426
North Central: Illinois 17,157 3,852 1,402 488 3,091 1,558 0 533 1,233 55 Indiana 25,243 3,230 1,700 651 2,649 2,675 0 2,218 1,072 666 Iowa 5,758 1,239 810 3 342 329 0 168 584 0 Michigan 48,422 2,663 5,519 0 1,324 450 1,479 9,330 7,733 1,679 Minnesota 22,854 1,829 2,644 0 125 50 75 815 506 0 Missouri 23,118 6,680 1,387 1,797 7,452 1,835 0 140 409 2 Ohio 29,402 3,406 2,044 1,075 2,413 2,529 1 2,226 2,482 1,645 Wisconsin 33,416 2,998 5,998 0 1,932 410 709 5,052 3,371 175 Total 205,370 25,897 21,503 4,014 19,327 9,837 2,265 20,482 17,390 4,223
Southeast: Florida 16,976 105 6 1,979 4,480 448 0 44 1,162 25 Georgia 51,236 4,993 1,481 3,728 13,815 2,411 0 46 2,194 264 North Carolina 62,541 6,821 3,899 4,688 8,249 2,817 186 519 4,709 1,048 South Carolina 25,874 2,307 833 973 5,315 1,118 0 15 1,404 106 Virginia 60,371 8,931 5,518 7,347 8,070 3,534 50 685 3,187 1,622 Total 216,997 23,157 11,737 18,716 39,930 10,327 235 1,310 12,657 3,065
South Central: Alabama 33,362 3,488 1,490 2,338 8,197 3,260 0 69 388 388 Arkansas 37,476 5,700 4,044 3,473 9,228 3,170 0 128 240 277 Kentucky 42,877 6,336 2,785 3,787 6,393 4,338 1 1,944 1,694 2,825 Louisiana 30,581 1,518 1,568 1,667 7,893 2,121 0 19 414 724 Mississippi 37,851 3,575 3,131 1,787 9,826 2,874 0 38 249 562 Oklahoma 5,946 402 605 913 1,140 722 0 8 95 0 Tennessee 43,957 6,662 3,296 4,894 7,142 4,544 11 1,359 1,315 1,193 Texas 15,578 1,171 998 1,998 5,509 622 0 14 51 163 Total 247,628 28,851 17,917 20,857 55,330 21,651 12 3,579 4,447 6,131

East total: 899,497 90,704 78,620 54,115 129,186 48,463 9,467 55,706 69,045 27,845 Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule



## 175

## 176 Table B4—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other and wood eastern Subregion black Yellow- and Black Black hardand State Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

Northeast: Connecticut 0 18 350 0 185 39 0 39 413 Delaware 216 50 26 0 153 1 4 39 5 Maine 0 0 668 90 0 2,291 0 43 1,058 Maryland 765 305 207 38 2,337 17 52 162 472 Massachusetts 0 18 533 8 17 138 0 367 329 New Hampshire 0 0 704 50 0 527 0 97 809 New Jersey 326 74 379 27 686 16 44 14 259 New York 0 17 3,317 1,588 253 2,434 84 3,407 1,827 Pennsylvania 34 228 3,247 887 3,318 1,091 251 7,204 2,983 Rhode Island 0 7 73 003009 Vermont 0 0 992 106 0 771 0 247 1,106 West Virginia 13 486 1,244 1,904 10,548 112 308 2,225 3,408 Total 1,354 1,204 11,740 4,698 17,497 7,440 743 13,843 12,679
North Central: Illinois 155 99 783 207 219 712 368 233 2,168 Indiana 272 137 1,755 262 3,360 1,004 639 424 2,530 Iowa 0 0 163 409 0 763 223 53 673 Michigan 0 11 2,695 2,518 163 9,555 161 1,088 2,053 Minnesota 0 0 1,463 1,842 0 10,896 47 28 2,535 Missouri 17 129 386 58 17 707 399 39 1,663 Ohio 31 131 2,249 430 2,958 769 509 1,740 2,765 Wisconsin 0 0 1,937 3,022 0 5,671 164 345 1,631 Total 476 509 11,429 8,748 6,717 30,077 2,510 3,950 16,017
Southeast: Florida 1,657 3,591 841 45 292 0 0 30 2,270 Georgia 6,555 4,319 1,030 37 8,247 36 55 88 1,937 North Carolina 5,788 5,809 1,364 433 12,725 87 114 164 3,121 South Carolina 4,620 4,057 795 13 3,005 258 19 9 1,027 Virginia 2,357 1,069 950 580 13,292 5 302 219 2,654 Total 20,977 18,845 4,980 1,109 37,560 385 490 509 11,009
South Central: Alabama 4,180 2,504 789 112 3,799 69 22 62 2,206 Arkansas 4,591 1,360 992 83 65 801 75 108 3,140 Kentucky 518 542 1,386 371 6,414 281 362 223 2,677 Louisiana 5,301 2,892 1,295 18 264 602 7 48 4,230 Mississippi 5,403 1,917 1,204 76 2,364 597 30 171 4,047 Oklahoma 100 60 313 1 0 499 109 17 960 Tennessee 1,784 722 1,246 256 6,683 187 244 187 2,232 Texas 2,696 711 469 5 0 119 9 11 1,034 Total 24,573 10,708 7,695 922 19,588 3,156 858 827 20,526

East total: 47,379 31,265 35,843 15,476 81,360 41,059 4,602 19,129 60,231
Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million board feet, International 1/4-inch ruleTable B5—Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and State, 1997

Ponderosa Total and Western Subregion All soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka and State species woods fir pines fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Great Plains: Kansas 4,394 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nebraska 3,361 811 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 North Dakota 825 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 South Dakota 5,318 4,779 0 3,700 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 13,897 5,626 0 3,700 0 0 0 0 0 0
Intermountain: Arizona 27,152 25,990 2,727 20,313 1,203 0 0 0 0 0 Colorado 64,059 56,422 7,683 6,525 8,512 0 0 0 0 0 Idaho 165,746 164,581 56,771 17,700 34,049 3,894 0 2,016 0 0 Montana 133,165 131,841 45,069 13,209 10,738 798 0 583 0 0 Nevada 1,662 1,614 0 542 619 0 3,823 512 0 0 New Mexico 22,136 20,668 3,686 11,861 2,685 0 0 0 0 0 Utah 26,162 23,596 6,602 2,225 5,405 0 0 0 0 0 Wyoming 27,388 26,705 4,596 4,265 2,689 0 1 7 0 0 Total 467,471 451,416 127,135 76,641 65,901 4,692 3,824 3,118 0 0
Alaska: Alaska 146,786 140,562 0 0 10 54,401 0 0 0 46,797 Total 146,786 140,562 0 0 10 54,401 0 0 0 46,797
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 483,976 462,676 281,509 44,947 49,878 37,086 7,557 1,642 193 1,950 Washington 360,348 334,484 148,341 18,690 43,487 77,154 1 713 0 385 Total 844,325 797,160 429,850 63,637 93,365 114,239 7,558 2,355 193 2,335
Pacific Southwest: California 319,546 297,093 83,771 59,645 79,662 158 19,875 1,827 27,470 0 Hawaii 1,195 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 320,742 297,111 83,771 59,645 79,662 158 19,875 1,827 27,470 0

West total: 1,793,220 1,691,875 640,756 203,624 238,938 173,490 31,257 7,299 27,663 49,131 Softwoods

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule



## 177

## 178 Table B5—(continued).

Engelmann Other Cotton- Other and western Total wood western Subregion other Western Incense- Lodgepole Western soft- hard- and Red hardand State spruces larch cedar pine redcedara woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Great Plains: Kansas 0 0 0 0 0 31 4,363 0 0 0 4,363 Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 811 2,550 0 0 0 2,550 North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 5 820 0 0 0 820 South Dakota 135 0 0 0 0 943 539 3 0 0 535 Total 135 0 0 0 0 1,790 8,271 3 0 0 8,268
Intermountain: Arizona 1,280 0 0 0 0 467 1,162 1,162 0 0 0 Colorado 23,596 0 0 9,873 0 232 7,637 7,637 0 0 0 Idaho 13,403 6,912 0 16,566 8,222 5,047 1,165 1,029 0 0 135 Montana 15,851 10,625 0 28,405 1,251 5,313 1,323 1,283 0 0 40 Nevada 117 0 14 215 0 71 49 49 0 0 0 New Mexico 1,422 0 0 0 0 1,014 1,468 1,110 0 0 359 Utah 7,017 0 0 1,964 0 383 2,566 2,566 0 0 0 Wyoming 6,354 0 0 7,282 0 1,510 683 675 0 0 8 Total 69,041 17,537 14 64,305 9,473 14,037 16,054 15,512 0 0 542
Alaska: Alaska 17,680 0 0 139 5,269 14,734 6,224 4,220 83 0 1,921 Total 17,680 0 0 139 5,269 14,734 6,224 4,220 83 0 1,921
Pacific Northwest: Oregon 7,343 4,310 3,971 7,360 9,179 8,758 21,300 510 11,620 766 8,406 Washington 8,668 7,381 0 5,278 19,462 4,920 25,864 3,236 16,716 43 5,869 Total 16,011 11,691 3,971 12,638 28,640 13,678 47,165 3,745 28,336 809 14,275
Pacific Southwest: California 216 0 15,582 5,468 6 3,413 22,453 158 586 10,372 11,337 Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 18 1,178 0 0 0 1,178 Total 216 0 15,582 5,468 6 3,431 23,631 158 586 10,372 12,515

West total: 103,082 29,228 19,567 82,551 43,388 47,670 101,345 23,639 29,004 11,181 37,521

a Western redcedar volume may be included in other western softwood volume. Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule Softwoods - continued HardwoodsTable B6—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North: Northeast 1997 91,564 17,268 18,784 16,359 12,619 8,573 5,928 9,825 2,207 1987 81,092 19,896 19,080 14,081 10,052 6,523 4,165 6,161 1,134 1977 60,895 18,068 14,356 10,086 7,103 4,391 2,729 3,533 629 1963 45,957 13,557 10,485 7,619 5,289 3,249 2,289 3,084 386 1953 40,587 10,676 9,154 6,897 4,856 3,036 2,352 3,204 409
North Central 1997 55,064 16,081 11,857 8,119 5,598 4,195 3,018 5,128 1,068 1987 45,255 14,341 10,230 6,849 4,685 3,363 2,256 3,125 409 1977 34,369 10,212 7,143 5,031 3,900 2,881 1,897 2,915 390 1963 22,209 6,231 4,627 3,165 2,514 1,912 1,388 2,043 329 1953 16,261 4,586 3,582 2,354 1,666 1,341 857 1,658 219
North total: 1997 146,628 33,349 30,641 24,479 18,218 12,767 8,946 14,953 3,275 1987 126,347 34,237 29,310 20,930 14,737 9,886 6,421 9,286 1,543 1977 95,264 28,280 21,499 15,117 11,003 7,272 4,626 6,448 1,019 1963 68,166 19,788 15,112 10,784 7,803 5,161 3,677 5,127 715 1953 56,848 15,262 12,736 9,251 6,522 4,377 3,209 4,862 628
South: Southeast 1997 174,866 33,092 36,012 32,857 26,341 17,924 11,676 14,915 2,050 1987 177,272 36,138 39,940 34,974 25,362 17,126 10,140 11,945 1,647 1977 159,734 35,779 37,972 31,968 23,083 13,671 7,787 8,425 1,049 1963 123,591 30,256 32,339 24,228 15,823 9,526 5,227 5,478 714 1953 109,399 27,484 29,291 20,984 13,321 7,837 4,368 5,398 716
South Central 1997 218,316 34,236 43,066 42,324 35,429 24,560 16,016 20,376 2,309 1987 211,053 36,901 44,042 40,082 32,529 22,780 14,649 18,128 1,935 1977 194,183 36,444 42,406 37,239 29,436 20,255 12,576 14,413 1,414 1963 133,171 24,675 29,280 25,629 21,095 14,119 8,627 9,005 740 1953 94,817 18,409 21,534 18,888 14,628 9,668 5,329 5,614 747
South total: 1997 393,181 67,328 79,078 75,181 61,769 42,484 27,692 35,291 4,359 1987 388,325 73,039 83,982 75,056 57,891 39,906 24,789 30,073 3,582 1977 353,917 72,223 80,378 69,207 52,519 33,926 20,363 22,838 2,463 1963 256,762 54,931 61,619 49,857 36,918 23,645 13,854 14,483 1,454 1953 204,216 45,893 50,825 39,872 27,949 17,505 9,697 11,012 1,463 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 5,626 955 1,269 1,156 860 603 378 392 13 1987 6,807 1,026 1,456 1,404 1,157 902 454 400 13 1977 6,282 900 1,341 1,308 1,058 752 500 412 11 1963 5,733 659 993 1,019 996 785 613 638 30 1953 5,348 526 837 862 935 771 650 719 47 Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule



## 179

## 180 Table B6—(continued).

9.0 11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 10.9 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Intermountain 1997 451,416 64,619 72,799 64,942 55,307 45,158 35,559 79,767 33,265 1987 386,904 51,532 59,459 54,022 46,693 38,224 30,403 73,135 33,443 1977 374,783 52,803 53,620 49,239 42,558 36,844 30,802 75,495 33,422 1963 384,544 51,048 49,039 48,298 45,376 40,008 34,260 84,305 32,206 1953 375,750 44,422 43,528 43,906 42,016 38,032 33,317 86,882 43,648 Rocky Mountain total: 1997 457,042 65,574 74,068 66,099 56,168 45,761 35,937 80,159 33,278 1987 393,711 52,557 60,914 55,425 47,849 39,125 30,856 73,534 33,455 1977 381,065 53,703 54,961 50,547 43,616 37,596 31,302 75,907 33,433 1963 390,277 51,707 50,032 49,317 46,372 40,793 34,873 84,943 32,236 1953 381,098 44,948 44,365 44,768 42,951 38,803 33,967 87,601 43,695
Pacific Coast: Alaska 1997 140,562 7,213 9,287 10,025 9,877 9,776 10,109 35,788 48,487 1987 168,317 7,388 12,340 12,544 12,910 13,446 12,401 45,096 52,192 1977 216,046 10,018 14,418 17,995 19,622 17,841 16,668 57,431 62,053 1963 223,734 8,913 13,267 16,884 19,127 18,274 17,486 61,031 68,758 1953 224,187 8,243 12,515 16,062 18,599 18,191 17,563 62,023 70,991
Pacific Northwest 1997 797,160 41,003 55,685 60,103 61,818 59,947 56,633 177,872 284,100 1987 703,749 47,843 57,523 58,870 57,650 54,227 49,211 149,706 228,718 1977 727,486 35,281 41,555 45,127 48,141 49,312 47,230 167,605 293,235 1963 830,312 38,118 37,251 42,498 46,925 48,752 48,625 181,730 386,413 1953 891,687 41,574 33,340 36,587 44,102 45,182 47,751 188,686 454,465
Pacific Southwest 1997 297,111 8,002 11,757 14,187 17,355 18,579 19,588 73,865 133,777 1987 289,193 10,000 12,830 14,853 16,628 17,848 17,094 67,481 132,455 1977 255,611 4,975 7,199 10,030 11,616 12,710 13,696 57,931 137,454 1963 299,263 5,803 5,498 8,298 9,962 10,773 11,970 57,523 189,436 1953 337,814 6,652 5,106 7,796 9,424 10,416 11,750 59,675 226,995
Pacific Coast total: 1997 1,234,833 56,218 76,729 84,316 89,050 88,302 86,330 287,524 466,364 1987 1,161,259 65,231 82,693 86,267 87,188 85,521 78,706 262,283 413,365 1977 1,199,143 50,274 63,172 73,152 79,379 79,863 77,594 282,967 492,742 1963 1,353,309 52,834 56,016 67,680 76,014 77,799 78,081 300,284 644,607 1953 1,453,329 56,469 50,961 60,445 72,125 73,789 77,064 310,384 752,451

United States: 1997 2,231,685 222,469 260,515 250,074 225,204 189,314 158,905 417,927 507,276 1987 2,069,642 225,064 256,899 237,678 207,665 174,438 140,772 375,176 451,945 1977 2,029,389 204,479 220,010 208,023 186,515 158,657 133,885 388,160 529,655 1963 2,068,514 179,260 182,780 177,637 167,108 147,398 130,486 404,837 679,012 1953 2,095,491 162,573 158,886 154,335 149,548 134,475 123,937 413,858 798,237

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total volumeby State in other tables because of rounding. Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch ruleTable B7—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the United States by diameter class, region, and subregion, 1997, 1987, 1977, 1963, and 1953

11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

North: Northeast 1997 229,502 53,836 50,051 39,671 28,190 19,676 30,626 7,452 1987 170,582 44,276 39,224 29,680 20,906 13,252 19,436 3,808 1977 116,577 32,247 27,697 20,298 13,688 8,863 11,974 1,807 1963 92,851 24,128 21,040 15,778 11,384 7,736 11,108 1,677 1953 84,024 19,480 17,700 14,443 10,744 7,390 12,404 1,861
North Central 1997 205,370 48,393 44,138 35,249 25,542 17,040 28,508 6,500 1987 161,833 42,398 34,939 27,336 19,457 12,990 19,792 4,928 1977 128,138 36,948 30,161 21,716 14,576 9,224 12,950 2,562 1963 98,112 26,667 21,591 16,302 11,149 7,632 12,444 2,327 1953 81,048 19,630 17,216 13,217 9,726 6,739 12,024 2,498
North total: 1997 434,872 102,229 94,189 74,921 53,732 36,716 59,134 13,951 1987 332,415 86,674 74,163 57,016 40,363 26,242 39,228 8,736 1977 244,715 69,195 57,858 42,014 28,264 18,087 24,924 4,369 1963 190,963 50,795 42,361 32,080 22,533 15,368 23,552 4,004 1953 165,072 39,110 34,916 27,660 20,470 14,129 24,428 4,359
South: Southeast 1997 216,997 35,214 39,667 37,784 31,086 23,775 40,008 9,463 1987 199,504 35,720 38,827 35,511 28,409 19,854 33,283 7,900 1977 163,703 32,052 34,352 29,693 22,370 15,040 24,784 5,412 1963 126,981 25,343 27,099 22,136 17,310 11,916 19,304 3,873 1953 115,336 22,182 24,619 19,664 15,898 11,006 18,247 3,720
South Central 1997 247,628 43,891 49,239 43,521 34,789 25,436 41,749 9,004 1987 193,571 39,608 41,492 35,432 26,267 17,771 27,874 5,120 1977 160,163 33,790 35,163 30,036 21,510 14,088 21,502 4,074 1963 133,625 29,541 29,409 23,558 17,075 11,862 18,920 3,260 1953 133,947 28,243 28,650 23,757 17,873 12,159 19,931 3,335
South total: 1997 464,625 79,104 88,906 81,305 65,875 49,210 81,757 18,467 1987 393,075 75,328 80,319 70,943 54,676 37,625 61,157 13,020 1977 323,866 65,842 69,515 59,729 43,880 29,128 46,286 9,486 1963 260,606 54,884 56,508 45,694 34,385 23,778 38,224 7,133 1953 249,283 50,425 53,269 43,421 33,771 23,165 38,178 7,055 Rocky Mountain: Great Plains 1997 8,271 1,059 1,096 1,007 907 762 2,149 1,293 1987 4,935 725 701 620 521 445 1,133 795 1977 4,047 599 621 576 465 410 1,268 105 1963 3,597 459 496 489 417 386 1,242 107 1953 3,502 392 531 543 483 400 1,044 110 Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule



## 181

## 182 Table B7—(continued).

11.0 13.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 Region to to to to to to and subregion Year Total 12.9 14.9 16.9 18.9 20.9 28.9 29.0+

Intermountain 1997 16,054 6,266 3,962 2,500 1,288 757 943 340 1987 12,292 4,586 3,069 1,778 937 697 854 369 1977 9,774 3,662 2,383 1,471 940 521 706 88 1963 9,623 3,356 2,352 1,496 933 569 805 111 1953 8,975 2,981 2,155 1,391 894 559 817 176 Rocky Mountain total: 1997 24,325 7,324 5,057 3,507 2,195 1,519 3,092 1,632 1987 17,227 5,311 3,770 2,398 1,458 1,142 1,989 1,164 1977 13,821 4,261 3,004 2,047 1,405 931 1,974 193 1963 13,220 3,815 2,848 1,985 1,350 955 2,047 218 1953 12,477 3,373 2,686 1,934 1,377 959 1,861 286
Pacific Coast: Alaska 1997 6,224 1,306 954 1,258 581 497 1,262 366 1987 7,827 1,936 1,361 1,500 823 612 1,195 404 1977 9,883 1,474 1,713 1,570 1,114 862 1,930 1,223 1963 10,038 1,455 1,700 1,567 1,128 887 2,014 1,287 1953 10,164 1,447 1,698 1,572 1,140 906 2,072 1,329
Pacific Northwest 1997 47,165 9,650 8,951 7,931 6,287 4,042 7,666 2,637 1987 44,161 10,664 9,390 7,401 5,485 3,267 5,910 2,045 1977 33,982 6,728 6,510 5,308 4,416 3,078 6,066 1,876 1963 31,474 5,597 5,517 4,502 3,873 2,962 6,408 2,615 1953 23,742 4,418 4,207 3,127 2,924 2,178 4,797 2,091
Pacific Southwest 1997 23,631 3,350 3,133 2,584 2,412 2,251 6,224 3,678 1987 23,970 3,007 3,024 2,996 2,699 2,116 6,429 3,698 1977 9,105 977 1,050 1,102 938 970 2,564 1,504 1963 6,447 575 740 709 719 641 1,677 1,386 1953 6,297 533 680 660 667 607 1,608 1,542
Pacific Coast total: 1997 77,019 14,307 13,038 11,773 9,279 6,790 15,152 6,682 1987 75,958 15,607 13,775 11,897 9,007 5,995 13,534 6,147 1977 52,970 9,179 9,273 7,980 6,468 4,910 10,560 4,603 1963 47,959 7,627 7,957 6,778 5,720 4,490 10,099 5,288 1953 40,203 6,398 6,585 5,359 4,731 3,691 8,477 4,962
United States: 1997 1,000,841 202,964 201,191 171,505 131,080 94,235 159,134 40,732 1987 818,675 182,920 172,027 142,254 105,504 71,004 115,908 29,067 1977 635,372 148,477 139,651 111,801 80,017 53,055 83,745 18,654 1963 512,748 117,121 109,944 86,537 63,988 44,591 73,921 16,643 1953 467,035 99,306 97,455 78,374 60,348 41,943 72,943 16,662

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from total volumeby State in other tables because of rounding. Diameter class (inches)

Million board feet, International 1/4-inch ruleTable B8—Net volume of softwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce Subregion and and and Other and and Other diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft- (in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

Northeast: 9.0 - 10.9 17,268 0 379 1,311 3,600 19 7,035 3,242 0 1,682 11.0 - 12.9 18,784 0 498 1,207 5,196 12 5,970 4,177 0 1,724 13.0 - 14.9 16,359 0 424 860 6,018 4 3,530 4,271 1 1,252 15.0 - 16.9 12,619 0 316 445 5,369 0 2,138 3,492 2 857 17.0 - 18.9 8,573 0 185 169 4,273 0 965 2,503 7 472 19.0 - 20.9 5,928 0 85 74 3,593 0 409 1,576 2 188 21.0 - 28.9 9,825 0 66 25 6,732 0 387 2,491 2 123 29.0 + 2,207 0 0 0 1,862 0 0 343 2 1
Total 91,564 0 1,952 4,092 36,641 35 20,434 22,095 15 6,299
North Central: 9.0 - 10.9 16,081 0 809 361 3,973 1,893 4,033 508 1 4,504 11.0 - 12.9 11,857 0 750 282 3,473 1,281 2,417 658 2 2,993 13.0 - 14.9 8,119 0 553 158 2,900 625 1,305 768 7 1,803 15.0 - 16.9 5,598 0 272 125 2,369 241 828 812 12 938 17.0 - 18.9 4,195 0 109 67 2,185 88 518 723 16 488 19.0 - 20.9 3,018 0 56 20 1,869 21 261 550 9 232 21.0 - 28.9 5,128 0 17 0 3,687 12 222 967 41 181 29.0 + 1,068 0 1 0 912 0 2 126 22 5
Total 55,064 0 2,567 1,014 21,369 4,161 9,588 5,110 111 11,145
Southeast: 9.0 - 10.9 33,092 7,471 16,561 5,896 634 0 18 130 2,041 341 11.0 - 12.9 36,012 8,192 18,727 5,393 760 0 32 191 2,469 247 13.0 - 14.9 32,857 7,506 17,687 3,850 889 0 8 164 2,510 242 15.0 - 16.9 26,341 5,563 15,475 2,012 1,061 0 15 228 1,850 136 17.0 - 18.9 17,924 3,129 10,954 1,024 1,027 0 0 230 1,471 90 19.0 - 20.9 11,676 1,415 7,374 499 1,090 0 0 167 1,059 73 21.0 - 28.9 14,915 1,219 8,804 425 2,000 0 0 425 1,975 66 29.0 + 2,050 15 604 15 519 0 8 244 640 4
Total 174,866 34,512 96,186 19,115 7,979 0 80 1,779 14,016 1,200 Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule



## 183

## 184 Table B8—(continued).

Longleaf Loblolly White Spruce Subregion and and and Other and and Other diameter class slash shortleaf yellow red Jack balsam Eastern soft- (in inches) Total pines pines pines pines pine fir hemlock Cypress woods

South Central: 9.0 - 10.9 34,236 3,972 26,715 2,202 111 0 0 84 509 644 11.0 - 12.9 43,066 4,981 34,044 2,308 142 0 0 138 998 455 13.0 - 14.9 42,324 4,584 33,885 1,762 133 0 0 125 1,516 318 15.0 - 16.9 35,429 3,139 29,154 985 183 0 0 106 1,723 139 17.0 - 18.9 24,560 1,701 20,174 650 168 0 0 110 1,677 79 19.0 - 20.9 16,016 834 13,340 448 158 0 0 76 1,121 39 21.0 - 28.9 20,376 557 16,537 648 310 0 0 159 2,137 28 29.0 + 2,309 0 1,374 38 65 0 0 25 807 0

Total 218,316 19,768 175,223 9,042 1,272 0 0 822 10,488 1,702

Easter total: 9.0 - 10.9 100,677 11,443 44,463 9,770 8,318 1,912 11,087 3,964 2,551 7,170 11.0 - 12.9 109,719 13,173 54,019 9,191 9,571 1,293 8,419 5,165 3,469 5,419 13.0 - 14.9 99,659 12,090 52,549 6,630 9,940 628 4,843 5,327 4,035 3,616 15.0 - 16.9 79,987 8,702 45,216 3,568 8,982 241 2,981 4,639 3,587 2,070 17.0 - 18.9 55,251 4,830 31,422 1,910 7,652 88 1,483 3,565 3,171 1,130 19.0 - 20.9 36,638 2,249 20,855 1,041 6,710 21 670 2,369 2,191 533 21.0 - 28.9 50,244 1,777 25,424 1,098 12,729 12 609 4,041 4,155 398 29.0 + 7,634 15 1,979 54 3,358 0 10 737 1,471 10

Total 539,809 54,279 275,928 33,262 67,261 4,196 30,102 29,806 24,629 20,346

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

## 185 Table B9—Net volume of hardwood sawtimber on timberland in the Eastern United States by species, subregion, and diameter class,1997

Subregion and Select Select Other Other diameter class white red white red Yellow Hard Soft (in inches) Total oaks oaks oaks oaks Hickory birch maple maple Beech

Northeast: 11.0 - 12.9 53,836 2,510 4,769 2,516 2,512 1,851 2,003 7,065 9,881 3,403 13.0 - 14.9 50,051 2,584 5,057 2,374 2,838 1,723 1,591 6,475 8,309 2,963 15.0 - 16.9 39,671 2,240 4,621 1,922 2,572 1,209 1,084 5,206 5,642 2,392 17.0 - 18.9 28,190 1,649 3,803 1,260 1,973 761 784 3,502 3,731 1,954 19.0 - 20.9 19,676 1,186 2,676 865 1,578 536 486 2,479 2,288 1,360 21.0 - 28.9 30,626 1,999 5,107 1,357 2,561 500 807 4,455 3,788 2,023 29.0 + 7,452 631 1,430 235 565 68 200 1,154 911 329
Total 229,502 12,799 27,463 10,528 14,599 6,649 6,955 30,336 34,551 14,426
North Central: 11.0 - 12.9 48,393 4,454 3,591 1,056 3,884 2,655 489 4,830 4,349 491 13.0 - 14.9 44,138 4,884 3,873 952 3,974 2,346 468 4,295 3,623 598 15.0 - 16.9 35,249 4,616 3,519 754 3,530 1,969 452 3,620 2,719 589 17.0 - 18.9 25,542 3,657 2,914 519 2,530 1,367 295 2,740 2,085 613 19.0 - 20.9 17,040 2,571 2,210 352 1,816 593 207 1,978 1,364 470 21.0 - 28.9 28,508 4,559 4,232 354 3,007 852 331 2,742 2,555 1,177 29.0 + 6,500 1,156 1,163 27 586 54 23 278 696 286
Total 205,370 25,897 21,503 4,014 19,327 9,837 2,265 20,482 17,390 4,223
Southeast: 11.0 - 12.9 35,214 3,588 1,124 2,706 6,287 1,934 12 197 2,750 405 13.0 - 14.9 39,667 4,251 1,470 2,982 6,863 2,073 24 229 2,718 470 15.0 - 16.9 37,784 4,215 1,743 2,723 6,404 1,932 46 257 2,173 545 17.0 - 18.9 31,086 3,456 1,538 2,624 5,561 1,570 36 201 1,834 508 19.0 - 20.9 23,775 2,563 1,498 1,964 4,568 1,040 31 138 1,196 331 21.0 - 28.9 40,008 4,296 3,333 4,112 7,861 1,568 87 220 1,721 679 29.0 + 9,463 788 1,030 1,605 2,387 209 0 68 266 126
Total 216,997 23,157 11,737 18,716 39,930 10,327 235 1,310 12,657 3,065
South Central: 11.0 - 12.9 43,891 5,514 2,142 4,180 8,080 5,222 0 806 1,007 473 13.0 - 14.9 49,239 6,019 2,741 4,262 10,168 5,003 3 855 925 714 15.0 - 16.9 43,521 5,300 2,578 3,713 9,308 3,975 0 624 787 764 17.0 - 18.9 34,789 4,356 2,507 2,661 8,041 2,678 0 491 498 912 19.0 - 20.9 25,436 2,827 2,199 2,002 6,167 1,780 0 367 447 783 21.0 - 28.9 41,749 4,226 4,467 3,313 10,828 2,470 7 381 656 1,989 29.0 + 9,004 608 1,284 725 2,738 523 1 55 127 497
Total 247,628 28,851 17,917 20,857 55,330 21,651 12 3,579 4,447 6,131
East total: 11.0 - 12.9 181,333 16,066 11,626 10,458 20,763 11,662 2,503 12,898 17,987 4,773 13.0 - 14.9 183,095 17,737 13,142 10,570 23,843 11,146 2,087 11,853 15,576 4,744 15.0 - 16.9 156,226 16,372 12,461 9,113 21,814 9,086 1,582 9,707 11,322 4,291 17.0 - 18.9 119,607 13,118 10,761 7,063 18,104 6,376 1,115 6,934 8,147 3,986 19.0 - 20.9 85,927 9,148 8,583 5,183 14,128 3,949 724 4,962 5,295 2,945 21.0 - 28.9 140,891 15,081 17,139 9,135 24,257 5,391 1,232 7,798 8,719 5,868 29.0 + 32,418 3,183 4,907 2,592 6,276 854 224 1,555 1,999 1,238
Total 899,497 90,704 78,620 54,115 129,186 48,463 9,467 55,706 69,045 27,845 Million board feet, International 1/4-inch rule

## 186 Table B9—(continued).

Tupelo Cotton- Other Subregion and and wood eastern diameter class black Yellow- and Black Black hard- (in inches) Sweetgum gum Ash Basswood poplar aspen walnut cherry woods

Northeast: 11.0 - 12.9 281 271 3,114 985 2,365 2,877 182 2,929 4,321 13.0 - 14.9 374 253 2,828 1,125 2,989 2,175 212 3,042 3,138 15.0 - 16.9 250 253 2,138 949 3,243 1,233 145 2,614 1,957 17.0 - 18.9 182 128 1,314 587 2,859 463 85 1,922 1,232 19.0 - 20.9 102 110 917 474 2,203 359 55 1,312 690 21.0 - 28.9 141 178 1,081 495 3,120 236 56 1,699 1,022 29.0 + 22 10 347 82 718 97 7 326 320

Total 1,354 1,204 11,740 4,698 17,497 7,440 743 13,843 12,679

North Central: 11.0 - 12.9 105 92 2,972 2,484 850 9,764 686 1,073 4,569 13.0 - 14.9 104 139 2,650 2,119 1,051 7,936 683 985 3,458 15.0 - 16.9 93 92 1,959 1,575 1,187 5,097 468 704 2,303 17.0 - 18.9 68 73 1,433 993 1,023 2,649 351 500 1,733 19.0 - 20.9 44 32 973 622 915 1,286 179 291 1,137 21.0 - 28.9 62 67 1,236 862 1,539 2,288 143 359 2,144 29.0 + 0 14 205 92 151 1,057 0 38 673

Total 476 509 11,429 8,748 6,717 30,077 2,510 3,950 16,017

Southeast: 11.0 - 12.9 4,173 3,785 854 179 4,587 19 124 139 2,352 13.0 - 14.9 4,750 4,172 920 214 6,018 36 112 109 2,256 15.0 - 16.9 3,809 3,609 911 247 7,026 38 94 70 1,941 17.0 - 18.9 2,818 2,590 665 143 6,010 34 35 88 1,377 19.0 - 20.9 1,969 1,721 597 142 4,919 28 65 31 973 21.0 - 28.9 3,053 2,323 872 127 7,775 119 51 59 1,751 29.0 + 404 646 160 57 1,225 111 8 14 359

Total 20,977 18,845 4,980 1,109 37,560 385 490 509 11,009
South Central: 11.0 - 12.9 5,172 2,219 1,444 193 2,858 142 221 209 4,008 13.0 - 14.9 5,699 2,639 1,505 187 3,794 181 215 177 4,153 15.0 - 16.9 4,788 2,248 1,452 169 3,909 242 169 186 3,307 17.0 - 18.9 3,221 1,622 1,163 115 3,197 291 111 137 2,790 19.0 - 20.9 2,307 806 812 98 2,328 380 63 47 2,021 21.0 - 28.9 2,998 1,068 1,172 141 3,119 1,166 76 54 3,620 29.0 + 388 106 147 19 383 755 3 16 628
Total 24,573 10,708 7,695 922 19,588 3,156 858 827 20,526
East total: 11.0 - 12.9 9,730 6,367 8,384 3,840 10,659 12,802 1,214 4,350 15,249 13.0 - 14.9 10,928 7,202 7,904 3,645 13,852 10,328 1,222 4,313 13,004 15.0 - 16.9 8,941 6,203 6,460 2,940 15,365 6,611 876 3,574 9,509 17.0 - 18.9 6,290 4,413 4,575 1,839 13,089 3,437 583 2,647 7,131 19.0 - 20.9 4,423 2,669 3,300 1,336 10,365 2,053 363 1,681 4,821 21.0 - 28.9 6,254 3,636 4,362 1,626 15,553 3,808 326 2,170 8,536 29.0 + 814 776 859 250 2,477 2,020 18 394 1,981
Total 47,379 31,265 35,843 15,476 81,360 41,059 4,602 19,129 60,231

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Million board feet, International 1/4-inch ruleTable B10—Net volume of sawtimber on timberland in the Western United States by species, subregion, and diameter class, 1997

Ponderosa Subregion and Total and Western diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka (in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Great Plains: 9.0 - 10.9 955 955 0 569 0 0 0000 11.0 - 12.9 2,328 1,269 0 867 0 0 0000 13.0 - 14.9 2,252 1,156 0 806 0 0 0000 15.0 - 16.9 1,867 860 0 553 0 0 0000 17.0 - 18.9 1,510 603 0 363 0 0 0000 19.0 - 20.9 1,139 378 0 248 0 0 0000 21.0 - 28.9 2,541 392 0 280 0 0 0000 29.0 + 1,305 13 0 13 0 0 0000 Total 13,897 5,626 0 3,700 0 0 0000

Intermountain: 9.0 - 10.9 64,619 64,619 11,619 5,833 10,266 437 32 157 0 0 11.0 - 12.9 79,065 72,799 16,666 8,098 12,204 746 60 282 0 0 13.0 - 14.9 68,904 64,942 17,857 9,710 10,604 719 77 498 0 0 15.0 - 16.9 57,807 55,307 17,364 9,136 8,765 558 139 413 0 0 17.0 - 18.9 46,445 45,158 15,046 8,332 6,767 496 140 277 0 0 19.0 - 20.9 36,316 35,559 12,014 6,949 4,961 476 179 256 0 0 21.0 - 28.9 80,710 79,767 26,402 18,813 8,818 921 715 693 0 0 29.0 + 33,604 33,265 10,167 9,769 3,516 338 2,482 544 0 0 Total 467,471 451,416 127,135 76,641 65,901 4,692 3,824 3,118 0 0

Alaska: 9.0 - 10.9 7,213 7,213 0 0 0 1,229 0 0 0 681 11.0 - 12.9 10,593 9,287 0 0 0 2,229 0 0 0 1,195 13.0 - 14.9 10,979 10,025 0 0 10 2,955 0 0 0 1,760 15.0 - 16.9 11,135 9,877 0 0 0 3,293 0 0 0 2,045 17.0 - 18.9 10,357 9,776 0 0 0 3,723 0 0 0 2,669 19.0 - 20.9 10,606 10,109 0 0 0 4,565 0 0 0 2,934 21.0 - 28.9 37,050 35,788 0 0 0 17,221 0 0 0 11,360 29.0 + 48,853 48,487 0 0 0 19,187 0 0 0 24,152 Total 146,786 140,562 0 0 10 54,401 0 0 0 46,797 Softwoods

Million board feet



## 187

## 188 Table B10—(continued).

Ponderosa Subregion and Total and Western diameter class soft- Douglas- Jeffrey True Western Sugar white Sitka (in inches) Total woods fir pine fir hemlock pine pine Redwood spruce

Pacific Northwest: 9.0 - 10.9 41,003 41,003 16,782 3,595 5,192 7,547 66 166 3 26 11.0 - 12.9 65,335 55,685 23,916 4,904 7,406 10,773 110 183 3 58 13.0 - 14.9 69,055 60,103 27,879 5,467 7,647 10,862 113 158 10 59 15.0 - 16.9 69,749 61,818 30,314 5,351 7,802 10,862 153 203 7 68 17.0 - 18.9 66,233 59,947 29,714 5,087 8,003 10,045 159 210 16 61 19.0 - 20.9 60,675 56,633 28,959 5,006 7,796 8,474 247 183 25 62 21.0 - 28.9 185,537 177,872 92,158 17,663 24,069 24,720 1,225 636 34 271 29.0 + 286,738 284,100 180,128 16,563 25,450 30,957 5,486 616 96 1,729 Total 844,325 797,160 429,850 63,637 93,365 114,239 7,558 2,355 193 2,335
Pacific Southwest: 9.0 - 10.9 8,002 8,002 2,700 1,506 2,291 13 219 30 525 0 11.0 - 12.9 15,107 11,757 3,195 2,511 3,739 23 267 60 799 0 13.0 - 14.9 17,320 14,187 3,659 3,224 4,287 0 414 52 1,086 0 15.0 - 16.9 19,939 17,355 4,267 3,967 5,230 31 497 60 1,636 0 17.0 - 18.9 20,990 18,579 4,290 4,268 5,749 16 713 98 1,627 0 19.0 - 20.9 21,839 19,588 4,300 4,648 5,706 0 938 80 2,172 0 21.0 - 28.9 80,089 73,865 17,130 16,924 20,322 42 4,447 513 7,984 0 29.0 + 137,455 133,777 44,230 22,596 32,338 33 12,381 932 11,640 0 Total 320,742 297,111 83,771 59,645 79,662 158 19,875 1,827 27,470 0

West total: 9.0 - 10.9 121,792 121,792 31,101 11,504 17,750 9,225 317 354 528 707 11.0 - 12.9 172,428 150,797 43,777 16,380 23,349 13,771 437 525 802 1,254 13.0 - 14.9 168,510 150,415 49,395 19,207 22,547 14,536 604 707 1,097 1,819 15.0 - 16.9 160,497 145,217 51,944 19,007 21,798 14,744 789 676 1,643 2,114 17.0 - 18.9 145,536 134,063 49,050 18,050 20,519 14,280 1,012 584 1,643 2,729 19.0 - 20.9 130,575 122,267 45,273 16,852 18,463 13,515 1,364 519 2,197 2,996 21.0 - 28.9 385,927 367,683 135,690 53,681 53,209 42,903 6,386 1,842 8,018 11,631 29.0 + 507,956 499,642 234,524 48,942 61,304 50,515 20,349 2,092 11,736 25,881

Total 1,793,220 1,691,875 640,756 203,624 238,938 173,490 31,257 7,299 27,663 49,131 Softwoods

Million board feetTable B10—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other diameter class other Western Incense pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard- (in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Great Plains: 9.0 - 10.9 24 0 0 0 0 362 0000 0 11.0 - 12.9 27 0 0 0 0 375 1,059 3 0 0 1,055 13.0 - 14.9 21 0 0 0 0 328 1,096 0 0 0 1,095 15.0 - 16.9 31 0 0 0 0 276 1,007 0 0 0 1,007 17.0 - 18.9 15 0 0 0 0 225 907 0 0 0 907 19.0 - 20.9 12 0 0 0 0 117 762 0 0 0 762 21.0 - 28.9 5 0 0 0 0 107 2,149 0 0 0 2,149 29.0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,293 0 0 0 1,293 Total 135 0 0 0 0 1,790 8,271 3 0 0 8,268

Intermountain: 9.0 - 10.9 6,490 2,295 0 24,581 736 2,213 0000 0 11.0 - 12.9 9,016 2,688 0 19,665 971 2,485 6,266 6,114 0 0 151 13.0 - 14.9 9,524 2,430 0 10,532 891 2,186 3,962 3,885 0 0 77 15.0 - 16.9 9,169 1,905 0 5,337 922 1,760 2,500 2,418 0 0 82 17.0 - 18.9 8,100 1,914 0 2,278 730 1,230 1,288 1,155 0 0 133 19.0 - 20.9 6,825 1,369 0 1,000 630 1,096 757 755 0 0 2 21.0 - 28.9 15,371 3,636 2 838 2,013 2,358 943 850 0 0 93 29.0 + 4,545 1,300 11 74 2,579 709 340 335 0 0 4 Total 69,041 17,537 14 64,305 9,473 14,037 16,054 15,512 0 0 542

Alaska: 9.0 - 10.9 4,488 0 0 18 143 641 0000 0 11.0 - 12.9 4,615 0 0 23 145 1,006 1,306 497 10 0 799 13.0 - 14.9 3,603 0 0 14 270 1,329 954 394 13 0 546 15.0 - 16.9 2,659 0 0 37 299 1,367 1,258 849 22 0 388 17.0 - 18.9 1,282 0 0 28 324 1,583 581 441 17 0 123 19.0 - 20.9 542 0 0 2 443 1,454 497 452 8 0 37 21.0 - 28.9 460 0 0 17 1,490 4,661 1,262 1,225 13 0 23 29.0 + 30 0 0 0 2,156 2,693 366 361 0 0 5 Total 17,680 0 0 139 5,269 14,734 6,224 4,220 83 0 1,921 Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million board feet



## 189

## 190 Table B10—(continued).

Engelmann CottonSubregion and and Lodge- Western Other Total wood Other diameter class other Western Incense pole red- soft- hard- and Red hard- (in inches) spruces larch cedar pine cedar woods woods aspen alder Oak woods

Pacific Northwest: 9.0 - 10.9 838 1,091 92 3,945 1,105 561 0001 0 11.0 - 12.9 1,220 1,308 132 3,298 1,441 950 9,650 292 6,713 128 2,517 13.0 - 14.9 1,396 1,457 134 2,388 1,562 999 8,951 265 6,217 159 2,310 15.0 - 16.9 1,527 1,439 204 1,258 1,546 1,161 7,931 347 5,551 97 1,936 17.0 - 18.9 1,491 1,360 136 888 1,623 1,216 6,287 416 4,007 124 1,740 19.0 - 20.9 1,449 1,192 214 405 1,607 1,142 4,042 385 2,265 71 1,321 21.0 - 28.9 3,631 2,869 878 404 5,963 3,947 7,666 1,335 3,241 150 2,939 29.0 + 4,459 974 2,181 53 13,792 3,702 2,637 705 342 78 1,512 Total 16,011 11,691 3,971 12,638 28,640 13,678 47,165 3,745 28,336 809 14,275

Pacific Southwest: 9.0 - 10.9 3 0 403 243 0 69 0000 0 11.0 - 12.9 0 0 689 351 0 122 3,350 6 191 1,263 1,889 13.0 - 14.9 24 0 855 451 0 135 3,133 4 147 1,274 1,708 15.0 - 16.9 23 0 972 548 0 123 2,584 22 59 994 1,509 17.0 - 18.9 0 0 1,079 478 0 260 2,412 4 24 1,074 1,310 19.0 - 20.9 16 0 1,061 434 1 232 2,251 10 56 867 1,318 21.0 - 28.9 65 0 4,055 1,657 4 721 6,224 83 82 2,947 3,113 29.0 + 85 0 6,468 1,305 1 1,768 3,678 29 27 1,953 1,668 Total 216 0 15,582 5,468 6 3,431 23,631 158 586 10,372 12,515

West total: 9.0 - 10.9 11,843 3,386 495 28,788 1,983 3,846 0001 0 11.0 - 12.9 14,878 3,996 821 23,337 2,557 4,938 21,631 6,913 6,914 1,391 6,412 13.0 - 14.9 14,569 3,888 989 13,385 2,724 4,978 18,095 4,548 6,377 1,434 5,737 15.0 - 16.9 13,409 3,344 1,177 7,180 2,767 4,687 15,280 3,635 5,632 1,092 4,921 17.0 - 18.9 10,888 3,274 1,214 3,672 2,678 4,514 11,473 2,015 4,047 1,198 4,213 19.0 - 20.9 8,845 2,561 1,275 1,841 2,681 4,041 8,308 1,603 2,329 937 3,439 21.0 - 28.9 19,532 6,506 4,936 2,916 9,470 11,795 18,244 3,494 3,336 3,097 8,317 29.0 + 9,118 2,274 8,661 1,432 18,528 8,871 8,314 1,431 369 2,032 4,483

Total 103,082 29,228 19,567 82,551 43,388 47,670 101,345 23,639 29,004 11,181 37,521

Note: Data may not add to totals because of rounding. Total volume by State in this table may differ slightly from volume by State in other tables because of rounding. Softwoods -- continued Hardwoods

Million board feet

## Smith, W. Brad; Vissage, John S.; Darr, David R.; Sheffield, Raymond M.; 2001. Forest resources of the United States, 1997. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-219. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 190 p.
Forest resource statistics from the 1987 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment were updated to 1997 to provide current information on the Nation’s forests. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or State. Current resource data are analyzed and trends since 1987 are noted. Resource trends are placed within the context of changes in the timber resource since 1953. A fold-out forest type map produced from satellite imagery provides a visual display of the location of forest land.
KEY WORDS: RPA, assessment, inventory, forest statistics, area, volume, forest history, AVHRR, map.

### The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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# AGRICULTURE



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# SERVICE



# GENERAL 

# TECHNICAL 

# REPORT 

# NC-219 AUGUST 

# 2001 http://fia.fs.fed.us