Petitioner is a District of Columbia prisoner c urre ntly confine d at the Rivers 1 Correc tional I nstitut ion in W inton, North Carolina. The E astern D istrict of Virg inia transfe rre d the ca se bac k to this j udicial district by Orde r of January

16, 2009, beca

use petitioner wa s being held at the District’ s Central De tention Fac ility on a par ole violator wa

rra nt. SeeDkt. No. 14 (transf er or der) . Given the tra

nsfer history of this case , the par

ties’ brief ing of the merits and the outcome, the Court does not find it in the intere st of justice to further delay the inevitable by transfe rringthe habe as petition to the judicial district having jurisdiction over petitioner’ s curr ent custodian. See R umsfeld v. Padilla, 542 U.S. 426, 438 (2004); Blair-Bey v . Quick, 151 F.3d 1036, 1039 (D.C. Cir. 1998) (de signating pr oper ha beas r espondent a s the petitioner’s wa rden or imm e diate c us tod ian) ; Lee v. R eno , 15 F. Supp.2d 26, 43 (D.D .C. 1998) (findingthat the g overnme nt had waive d “any objection to this Court ex erc ising jurisdiction over [habe as petitioner’s c ustodian in Virg inia]”). UN I TE D ST AT ES D I STR I CT C OU RT F O R T H E D IS T R IC T O F C O LU M B IA

____________________________________ ) GREGORY W. HORTON, ) ) Petitioner, ) ) v. ) Ci vi l A cti on No. 08 -05 48 (P L F) ) U.S. PAROL E COMMI SSI ON, ) ) Re sp on de nt. ) ____________________________________)
MEMORANDUM OPI

NI ON In th is pro se action for

a wr it of habeas corpus , petitioner cla ims that the United State s Pa ro le Commis sio n ( “ the Commis sio n” ), up on re vo kin g his pa

ro le in 2 00 6, imp ro pe rl y
resc inded cr edit for time he ha d serve d at the District of Columbia J ail. Upon consider ation of th e p art i e s ’ s u

b m i s s i o n s an d

th e e n t i r e r e c o r d , th e C o urtf i n d s n o g r o un d s f

o r i s s u i n g th e w r i t . It there fore will deny

the application and dismiss the ca se. 12 I . BA CKGROUND On August 30, 2002, the Superior Court of the District of Columbi a sente nced petitioner to conc urre nt prison terms of one to thre e y ear s for fir st deg ree theft and 15 to 45
months fo r c re dit

c ard fr a ud and to c on se c uti ve pr iso n te rm s o f 1 80 da y s f or se c on d d e g re e the ft and 180 day s for unlaw ful entry . Gover nment’s Opposition to P etitioner’s Petition for Writ of Ha be as Cor

pu s Under

Section 2241 (“G ov’t Opp’n” ), Ex. A. On J une 15, 2004, the Co mm is s io ng r an te d

p e ti ti o n e r

p ar o le w it

ha s e n te n c e e xp ir a ti o nd a te o f O c to b e r 1 3 , 2 0 0 6 , E x. B, but instead of

beingrele ased to pa

role super vision, petiti oner w as transpor ted pursuant to a District of Columbia Depar tment of Correc tions’ detainer from the Rivers Corr ectional Institut ion in W inton, North Carolina, to the District of Columbia J ail to serve the 180-day
consec utive misdemeanor se ntence s. Id .; P e tit ion e r’ s Re sp on se to G ov e rnme nt’ s O pp os iti on to Petitioner’s Petition for Writ of Ha be as Cor pu s Under

28 U.S.C. S ection 2441 (“ Pet’r Resp.”) at 2. Petitioner was re lease d to parole supe rvision on J une 10, 2005. Pet’r. Re sp. at 2.

On Marc h 13, 2006, petitioner wa s arr ested in Howa rd County , Maryland, for attempting to use a fr audulent cr edit car d. Gov’t Ex. C . Ba sed on that ar rest and othe r noncriminal cha

rg es, the Commission i ssued a pa role violator wa

rra nt on J une 1, 2006, which w as executed on August 7, 2006. Ex . D. On August 11, 2006, petitioner and his attorney signe d a form ca ptioned “Adva

nced Consent to Expedited Revocation De cision” that, among , other things, a cknowledg ed petitioner’ s acc eptanc e of pa role re vocation and the forf eiture of cre dit for time spent on parole ( “stree t-time cre dit”). Ex. E. By notice of Septe mber 11, 2006, the Commis sio n r e vo ke d p e tit ion e r’ s p aro le , r e sc ind e d h is s tr e e t- tim e c re dit and se t a re -p aro le date of De cembe r 6, 2007, af

ter his servic e of 16 months’ imprisonment. Ex. F. By notice of3

November

7, 2006, the Commiss ion reope ned petitioner’ s case to acknowle dg e his incar cer ation in H ow ard

County fr om M arc h 1 3, 20 06 to Augus t 7, 20 06 , a nd mod if ie d th e re -p aro le date to J uly 12, 2007. Ex . G. Petitioner was r elea sed to parole supervision on J uly 12, 2007, with a sentenc e expiration date of D ece mber 3, 2008. Ex. H. He filed this ac tion on March 26, 2008, while on par ole or proba

tion in Virginia. SeeGover nment’s Motion to Transfe r Petitioner’s Petition for Writ of Ha be as Cor pu s [Dkt. No. 6] at 3 & n.2. On August 25, 2008, the Commi ssion issued a parole violator war rant, whic h was executed on Oc tober 6, 2008. Gov’ t Ex . I . Followinga re vocation hea ring , the Commiss ion revoke d petitioner’s pa

role by notice of January

31, 2009, resc inded his street-time c redit and order ed petitioner to ser

ve his sentenc e, which now will ex pire on F ebrua

ry 27, 2010. Ex s. J -K.
I I . DI SCUS SI ON District of Columbia prisoners ar e entitled to ha be as c or pu s relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 if they

establish that their " custody is in viol ation of the Constituti on or laws or treaties of the United States." 28 U.S.C. § 2241(c)(3) . Petitioner has not identified a pa rticular constitutional viol ation, but it is established that District of Columbia prisoner s do not have a liberty interest in par ole or c redit ea rned the ref

rom. Se e El lis v . D ist

ric t of Colum bia , 84 F.3d 1414, 1415-20 (D.C. Cir. 1996); ac cord Blair-Bey v . Quick, 151 F.3d 1036, 1047 ( D.C. Cir. 19 98 ); Bran do n v . D .C. Bo ar d o f P ar ole , 823 F.2d 644, 648 ( D.C. Cir. 1987). Petitioner contends that the Commission shoul d not have include d the y ear he spent at the District of Col umb ia Jail in t he c a lc ulatio n o f f

or fe ite d s tr e e t ti me . Re sp on de nt h a s n ot d isp ute d th a t it included in its calculation of forfe ited time the time that petitioner serve d at the D.C. Jail but rathe r ar g ues that the c laim is without merit bec ause “ time on parole inc ludes any time thePursuant to a re cent a mendment to the statute, the Commission m ust order the 2 fo rf ei ture o f s tre et -t i m e c re d i to n l y “[ i ] f ap ar o l ee i s co n v i ct edo f acr i m e c o m m i t t edd uri n g a period of pa

role,” and for

those crimes punishable by a prison ter

m of one year

or less, it need not do so if it “ de te rm ine s th a t su c h f or fe iture of

c re dit is n ot n e c e ssa

ry to p ro te c t th e pu

bli c welfa re.” D.C. Code § 24-406(c )(2) (May 20, 2009). This new pr ovision, which abrog ates es t ab l i s h edl aw re q

u i ri n g th e f

o rf ei ture o f s tre et -t i m e c re d i tun d er an y ci rc u m s t an ce s fo l l o wi n g a pa ro le re vo c a tio n, do e s “ no t a pp ly [,a s h e re ,] to any

pe ri od of pa ro le that w a s r e vo ke d p ri or to May [] 2009.” D.C. Code § 24-406( d). 4 parole e may

have spe nt in confinement prior to the execution of the Commissi on’s [viol ator]
war rant.” Gov’t Opp’n at 4.

Di str ic t of

Col umb ia

law, wh ic h th e Commis sio n f oll ow s in makin g pa

ro le decisions about D.C. Code off ender s, require s that “[e]very person sha ll be g iven cr edit on the
ma ximumand

the min imum te rm

of imp ri so nme nt f

or tim e sp e nt i n c us tod

y , o r o n p aro le in
a c c or da nc e wi th § 24 -4 06 , a s a

re su lt o f t

he of fe ns e fo r whic h th e se nte nc e wa s im po se d. ” D. C. Code § 24-221.03(a ). Unde r the statute a pplicable to this case , [i ]f the order of parole shall be re voked, the pr isoner, unless subseque ntly repa roled, shall serve the re mainder of the sentenc e orig inally imposed less any commutation for g ood conduct whic h may be ea rned by him after his re turn to custody . . . . The time a prisoner was on parole shall not be taken into a ccount to diminish the tim e for which he w as sentenc ed. D. C. C od e § 2 4- 40 6( a ). Th e c on tr oll ingre g ulatio n s tate s th a t “ a pa ro le e wh os e pa

ro le is 2 revoke d . . . shall rec eive no c redit towar d his sentence for time spent on pa role, includingany time the parole e may

have spe nt in confinement on other sentenc es . . . prior to the e x ecution of the Commiss ion’s war

rant.” 28 C.F.R. § 2.105(d); cf . Carringt on v. Hadde n , 907 F.2d 1137 ( 4 th Cir . 1 99 0) (T a

ble ) ( “ Paro le to a

state de ta ine r i s a

n a uth or ize d f

or m of pa ro le un de r p aro le regulations and constitutes "pa role" within the meaningof the Parole Commi ssion and Reorg anization Act[.] ”) ( citations omitt ed).Petitioner contends that he w as not servingan “othe r” se ntence but rather the misdemeanor por

tion of the sentenc e fr om which he wa s paroled. Pet’ r. Resp. at 4. He does not explain how this distinction supports an unlawful sentenc e, nor doe s he cla im that he was de nied
cre dit for the 360 day s he ser ved at the D .C. J ail on the misdemeanor counts. Fur

thermore , the
re c or d e sta

bli sh e s th a t pe tit ion e r h a d n ot c omp le te d th e se nte nc e fo r t he fe lony c ounts a t th e tim e of the c ha lle ng e d a c tio n. He the re fo re re ma ine d und e r t he Commis sio n’ s p aro le su pe rv isi on in Marc h 2006 when he was a rre sted in Howar d County ; in J une 2006 whe n the violator wa rra nt was issued; and in August 2006 when the wa rra nt was executed. See Suthe rland v. District of Colum bia Bd

. o f P ar ole , 3 66 F . Su

pp . 2 70 , 2 71 (D .D .C. 19 73 ) ( “ I t is fi rm ly e sta bli sh e d th a t a pa ro le bo ard

se c ur e s it s juri sd ic tio n o ve r a pa ro le e by iss uin g a vio latio n w arr ant b e fo re the date
o f p ar o l e e x p i ra t i o n [
. ] ”) (c i t i n g Sh e lto n v . U nite d S tates B d. of Par ole , 388 F.2d 567 ( 1967)). For the fore g oing r easons, the a pplication for a

writ of habeas corpus is denied. A separ ate Or der a ccompa

nies this Memorandum Opinion.
/s/_________________________ PAULL . FRI EDMAN Un i t edS t at es Di s tri ctJ u d ge DATE: September

21, 2009