U.S. Chart No. 1 

Symbols, Abbreviations and Terms 

used on Paper and Electronic Navigational Charts 

12th Edition, April 15, 2013 

Corrected through NM Nov. 16, 2013
 

Corrected through LNM Nov. 12, 2013
 

Prepared Jointly by 

Department of Commerce 

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

Department of Defense 

National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency 

1 
 New in Edition 12: ECDIS Symbols and Other ECDIS Information

ECDIS

Symbology for displaying Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) on an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) has been added to U.S. Chart No. 1. See the 

Preface and Introduction sections for more details. 

In addition to the ECDIS symbols shown in the traditional lettered sections of U.S. Chart No. 1, there are now several special pages devoted exclusively to providing important 

details about ECDIS. These pages are distinguished by the ECDIS icon, as shown in the top left corner of this page. The ECDIS pages are also listed in the table of contents 

in italic type. 

One major difference in the use of paper charts and ENCs is the ability of ECDIS to display the same feature differently depending on user settings and 

other conditions, such as a ship’s draft. An important example is that ECDIS displays wrecks, rocks and other obstructions with their traditional “paper chart” 

symbols if they are at or deeper than the depth of the safety contour set for the ship. Dangers that are shoaler are portrayed with the unique ECDIS “isolated 

danger” symbol shown at left. (See the ECDIS Portrayal of Depths page for more information about the ECDIS safety contour.) 

Another advantage that ECDIS provides over paper charts is enabling users to obtain more information about a feature through a 

“cursor pick.” Some feature attribute values that can be obtained by cursor pick are noted throughout U.S. Chart No. 1. This is especially 

true if a particular value, such as height, vertical clearance or the like is included in the INT symbol description. The cursor pick icon, shown 

at left, is used to indicate when a reference to a cursor pick is made. 

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limited to, the purpose, seasonality, periodicity, status, color, height, type of structure and the visual or radar conspicuousness of features; 

shape, color or color pattern of buoys; characteristics of lights; category of obstructions and wrecks; radar wave length, radio frequency, 

communication channel and call signs; the presence of AIS transmitted signals; information regarding pilotage services and many more. 

No man is an island and no single reference document stands on its own. U.S. Chart No. 1 is a handy guide for ECDIS 

users, but it is no substitute for mandated ECDIS training. 

The ECDIS user and developer communities are invited to help improve the presentation of ECDIS symbology and information in U.S. Chart No. 1. We want to know what you think works well, which parts are a little rocky, and what additional 

information you would like to have included in the next edition of U.S. Chart No. 1. 

Please send any recommendations or corrections to: 

USChart1@noaa.gov 

or 

National Ocean Service, NOAA (N/CS2) 

Attention: U.S. Chart No. 1 

1315 East West Highway 

Silver Spring, MD 20912-3282 

2 
SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS
 

Contents
 

Document Sections and ECDIS Pages 

Preface 5 

Introduction 5 

Schematic Layout 8 

Day, Dusk and Night Color Palettes 9 

Conspicuous and Non-Conspicuous Features 26 

ECDIS Portrayal of Depths 45 

Examples of Routing Measures in ECDIS 66 

6LPSOL¿HGDQG7UDGLWLRQDO33DSHU&KDUW ́6\PEROV 86 

Index of Abbreviations 106 

Index 112 

Appendix 1, IALA Maritime Buoyage System 124 

Symbol Sections 

GENERAL 

A Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes 

B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass 

TOPOGRAPHY 

C Natural Features 

D Cultural Features 

E Landmarks 

F Ports 

G (Not currently used) 

HYDROGRAPHY 

H Tides, Currents 

I Depths 

J Nature of the Seabed 

K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture 

L Offshore Installations 

M Tracks, Routes 

N Areas, Limits 

O (Not currently used) 

NAVIGATION AIDS AND SERVICES 

P Lights 

Q Buoys, Beacons 

R Fog Signals 

S Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems 

T Services 

U Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities 

3 
4
 
PREFACE 

Presentation of Two Symbology Sets 

This edition of U.S. Chart No. 1 has a new name and a new look. Its title is now SymEROV$EEUHYLDWLRQVDQG7HUPVXVHGRQ3DSHUDQG(OHFWURQLF1DYLJDWLRQDO&KDUWV. For 

WKH¿UVWWLPH86&KDUW1RSUHVHQWVERWKRIWKHPDMRUV\PERORJ\VHWVXVHGIRU

marine navigation. 

As in previous editions, the symbols used on paper nautical charts produced by the 

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National GeospatialIntelligence Agency (NGA) and digital raster representations of those charts, such 

as NOAA Raster Nautical Charts (NOAA RNCs®), are presented in lettered sections 

organized in categories, such as Landmarks, Depths, and Lights. New in this edition 

is the inclusion of the corresponding symbols used to portray Electronic Navigational 

Chart (ENC) data on Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS) as 

VSHFL¿HGE\WKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO+\GURJUDSKLF2UJDQL]DWLRQ,+2

Other Non-ECDIS Digital Displays May Portray Data Differently 

1DYLJDWLRQV\VWHPVFHUWL¿HGWRPHHWWKHH[DFWLQJSHUIRUPDQFHVWDQGDUGVHVWDEOLVKHG

by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) are said to be ECDIS “type approved.” 

The symbology used to display ENCs or other non-ENC nautical navigational data on 

non-ECDIS systems, such as geographic information systems, recreational GPS and 

RWKHUFKDUWGLVSOD\V\VWHPVFDQGLIIHUVLJQL¿FDQWO\IURPWKHV\PERORJ\VSHFL¿HGIRU

ECDIS type approved systems. U.S. Chart No. 1 RQO\VKRZVWKHV\PERORJ\XVHGRQ

ECDIS. 

INTRODUCTION 

New Column Headers 

The orientation of this edition of U.S. Chart No. 1 has been rotated 90° into a landscape format to allow two additional columns to be added to the right side of the page. 

These columns hold the ECDIS symbols corresponding to the paper chart symbols 

shown on the left side. 

3,17  ́ V\PEROV DV VSHFL¿HG LQ WKH5HJXODWLRQV RI WKH ,+2 IRU ,QWHUQDWLRQDO,17

&KDUWVDQG&KDUW6SHFL¿FDWLRQVRIWKH,+2appear in the second column from the 

left, after the symbol number. Any variations from INT 1 symbology that are used on 

charts produced by NOAA or NGA are shown in the NOAA, NGA and the “Other NGA” 

columns (columns 4a, 4b, and 5 respectively). 

ECDIS symbols and their descriptions are shown in columns 6 and 7 respectively. 

The ECDIS description usually provides the generic symbol name given in the IHO 

6SHFL¿FDWLRQVIRU&KDUW&RQWHQWDQG'LVSOD\$VSHFWVRI(&',6 although sometimes 

other clarifying terms are also provided in column 7. The ECDIS symbols shown use 

the day color palette (see page 9). 

When columns 4a and 4b are combined, this indicates that NOAA and NGA both use 

the same non-INT 1 symbol for that particular feature. When any of columns 4a, 4b, or 

5 are blank, then the INT 1 symbol has been adopted for use by the organization for 

which that column applies. 

The schematic layout following this introduction shows a typical symbol table page. 

It provides details about the table headers and the types of information presented in 

each of the columns. 

Sample Chart Layouts 

Section A presents two schematics showing typical layouts of the major elements of 

NOAA and NGA charts. 

INFORMATION ON SELECTED CHART FEATURES 

Soundings 

The sounding datum reference is stated in the chart title. Soundings on NOAA and 

NGA charts may be shown in fathoms, feet, fathoms and feet, fathoms and fractions, 

or meters and decimeters. In all cases the unit of depth used is shown in the chart title 

and outside the border of the chart in bold type (see item b in Section A). For ECDIS, 

the sounding datum is part of the ENC metadata, which can be retrieved through a 

cursor inquiry. 

Heights 

Heights of lights, landmarks, structures, etc. refer to the shoreline plane of reference. 

The unit of height is shown in the chart title. When the elevations of islets or bare rocks 

are offset into the adjacent water, they are shown in parentheses. For ECDIS, the unit 

of height is meters. 

Drying Heights 

For rocks and banks that cover and uncover, elevations are underlined and are referenced to the sounding datum as stated in the chart title (or in the ENC metadata). 

When the heights of rocks that cover and uncover are offset into the adjacent water, 

they are shown in parentheses. 5 
Shoreline 

Shoreline shown on charts represents the line of contact between the land and a

VHOHFWHGZDWHUHOHYDWLRQ,QDUHDVDIIHFWHGE\WLGDOÀXFWXDWLRQWKLVOLQHRIFRQWDFWLV

XVXDOO\WKHPHDQKLJKZDWHUOLQH,QFRQ¿QHGFRDVWDOZDWHUVRIGLPLQLVKHGWLGDOLQÀXence, a mean water level may be used. The shoreline of interior waters (rivers, lakes) 

LVXVXDOO\DOLQHUHSUHVHQWLQJDVSHFL¿HGHOHYDWLRQDERYHDVHOHFWHGGDWXP6KRUHOLQH

is symbolized by a heavy line (symbol C 1). Apparent shoreline is used on charts to 

show the outer edge of marine vegetation where the limit would be expected to appear 

as the shoreline to the mariner or where it prevents the shoreline from being clearly 

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C q and C r). 

Landmarks 

A structure or a conspicuous feature on a structure may be shown by a landmark symbol with a descriptive label (see Section E). Prominent buildings that could assist the 

mariner may be shown by actual shape as viewed from above (see Sections D and E). 

On NGA charts, landmark legends shown in capital letters indicate that a landmark is 

conspicuous; the landmark may also be labeled “CONSPICUOUS” or “CONSPIC.” 

On NOAA charts, all landmarks are considered to be conspicuous, and landmark legends shown in all capital letters indicate a landmark has been positioned accurately; 

legends using both upper and lower case letters indicate an approximate position. 

ECDIS portrays conspicuous features with black symbols and non-conspicuous features with brown symbols. Only the conspicuous version is shown in the lettered sections of U.S. Chart No. 1. See the ECDIS “Conspicuous and Non-Conspicuous Features” page in front of Section E for more information. 

IALA Buoyage System 

The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities 

(IALA) Maritime Buoyage System is followed by most of the world’s maritime nations; 

however, systems used in some foreign waters may be different. IALA buoyage is 

divided into two regions: Region A and Region B. All navigable waters of the United 

States follow IALA Region B rules, except U.S. possessions west of the International 

Date Line and south of 10° north latitude, which follow IALA Region A rules. 

The major difference between the two buoyage regions is the color of the lateral 

marks. Region A uses red to port and Region B uses red to starboard (red-rightreturning). The shapes of the lateral marks are the same in both regions, can to port 

and cone (nun) to starboard, when entering from seaward. Cardinal and other marks, 

such as those for isolated dangers, safe water and special marks are also the same 

in both regions. Section Q and Appendix 1 illustrate the IALA buoyage system for both 

Regions A and B. 

U.S. Lateral Marks 

Most of U.S. waters are in IALA Region B. In the U.S. system, on entering a channel 

from seaward, buoys and beacon dayboards on the starboard side are red with even 

numbers and have red lights, if lit. Buoys and beacon dayboards on the port side are 

green with odd numbers and have green lights, if lit. Preferred channel buoys have 

red and green horizontal bands with the top band color indicating the preferred side 

of passage. 

Light Range (Visibility) 

A light’s range or visibility is given in nautical miles, except on the Great Lakes and 

adjacent waterways, where light ranges are given in statute miles. For lights having 

more than one color, NOAA charts give only the shortest range of all the colors. On 

NGA charts, multiple ranges may be shown using the following convention. For lights 

ZLWKWZRFRORUVWKH¿UVWQXPEHULQGLFDWHVWKHUDQJHRIWKH¿UVWFRORUDQGWKHVHFRQG

number indicates the range of the second color. For example, Fl WG 12/8M means the 

range of the white light is 12 nautical miles and the range of green light is 8 nautical 

miles. For lights with three colors, only the longest and shortest ranges are given and 

the middle range is indicated by a dash. For example, Fl WRG 12-8M means that the 

range of the white light is 12 nautical miles, the range of green light is 8 nautical miles 

and the range of the red light is between 8 to 12 nautical miles. The dash can appear 

in any of the three positions. 

Aids to Navigation Positioning 

7KH¿[HGDQGÀRDWLQJDLGVWRQDYLJDWLRQGHSLFWHGRQFKDUWVKDYHYDU\LQJGHJUHHVRI

reliability. Floating aids are moored to sinkers by varying lengths of chain and may shift 

due to sea conditions and other causes. Buoys may also be carried away, capsized 

or sunk. Lighted buoys may be extinguished and sound signals may not function, 

because of ice or other causes. Therefore, prudent mariners will not rely solely on any 

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¿[HGREMHFWVDQGDLGVWRQDYLJDWLRQRQVKRUH

Colors 

Color conveys the nature and importance of features found on nautical charts. Chart 

HOHPHQWVVLJQL¿FDQWWRPDULQHQDYLJDWLRQVXFKDVOLJKWVFRPSDVV URVHVDQG UHJXlated areas, are emphasized with magenta. Lateral marks on NOAA charts are shown 

ZLWKDUHGRUJUHHQ¿OO6KDGHVRIEOXHGHSLFWSRWHQWLDOKD]DUGVWRQDYLJDWLRQW\SLFDOO\

shallow water and submerged obstructions. Areas of deeper water believed to be clear 

of obstructions are shown as white. Land, and other features that are always dry, are 

depicted with buff on NOAA charts and gray on NGA charts. Foreshore and other 

intertidal features are portrayed with a green tint. Other colors may be used to provide 

additional information, such as protected areas, which are outlined in blue or green 

and mineral lease blocks, which are outlined in red. 

7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHV

7UDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPHVVKRZ UHFRPPHQGHGODQHVWRLQFUHDVHVDIHW\RIQDYLJDtion, particularly in areas of high density shipping. These schemes are described in the 

International Maritime Organization (IMO) publication, Ships Routeing.7UDI¿FVHSDUDtion schemes are generally shown on nautical charts at scales of 1:600,000 and larger. 

:KHQSRVVLEOHWUDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPHVDUHSORWWHGWRVFDOHDQGVKRZQDVGHSLFWHG

in Section M. 

Conversion Scales 

Depth conversion scales are provided on all charts to enable the user to work in 

meters, fathoms or feet. 

Correction Date 

The date of each new chart edition is shown below the lower left border of the chart. 

The date of the latest NGA issued U.S. Notice to Mariners applied to the chart is 

6 
shown after the edition date. NOAA charts also show the date of the latest U.S. Coast 

Guard Local Notice to Mariners applied to the chart. 

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 

Information on the use of nautical charts, aids to navigation, sounding datums and the 

practice of navigation in general is in 7KH$PHULFDQ3UDFWLFDO1DYLJDWRU(Bowditch), 

available through the “Publications” link on the NGA Maritime Safety Information portal 

at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal. 

Tide and current data over U.S. waters is available from the NOAA Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services at tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov. 

'HWDLOHGLQIRUPDWLRQDERXWVSHFL¿FOLJKWVEXR\VDQGEHDFRQVDQGJHQHUDOLQIRUPDWLRQ

about the U.S. Aids to Navigation System and the Uniform State Waterway Marking Systems is in the U.S. Coast Guard Light List, at navcen.uscg.gov/?pageName=lightLists. 

Information about aids to navigation in foreign waters is in the NGA List of Lights, available through the “Publications” link on the NGA Maritime Safety Information portal at 

msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal. 

Other important information that cannot be shown conveniently on nautical charts 

can be found in the NOAA U.S. Coast Pilot®, at www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/staff/ 

chartspubs.html and NGA Sailing Directions, available through the “Publications” link 

on the NGA Maritime Safety Information portal at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal. 

U.S. Nautical Chart Catalogs and Indexes 

NGA catalogs are available through the “Product Catalog” link on the NGA Maritime 

Safety Information portal at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal. NOAA catalogs are 

available at www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/ccatalogs.htm. A list of the dates of the 

latest editions of NOAA charts is at www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/dole.htm. 

CORRECTIONS AND COMMENTS 

Corrections to U.S. Chart No. 1 will appear in the weekly U.S. Notice to Mariners, 

available through the “Notice to Mariners” link on the NGA Maritime Safety Information 

portal at msi.nga.mil/NGAPortal/MSI.portal. 

Users may send corrections or comments to USChart1@noaa.gov or by mail to: 

National Ocean Service, NOAA (N/CS2) 

Attention: U.S. Chart No. 1 

1315 East West Highway 

Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 

7 
 

Schematic Layout of U.S. Chart No. 1:
 

A K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions
 B 

A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

1 

2 

3 

5 

6 

7 

* 

** 

† 

Rocks Supplementary national symbol: a 

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWVĺ+3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKVĺ+

No. INT 'HVFULSWLRQ NOAA NGA Other NGA (&',6

11 Rock which covers and uncovers, height above chart datum ( ) 2 4 ( ) 2 

Uncov 1m 

(0 ) 6

Uncov 1m 

( ) 06 

rock which covers and 

uncovers or is awash at 

low water 

underwater hazard which 

covers and uncovers with 

drying height 

isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

C 

'

E 

1 2 3 4a 4b 5 6 7 

4a * 

4b * 

** 

** 

Section designation 

Section 

Sub-section 

Reference to “Supplementary national symbols” at the end of each section 

Cross-reference to terms in other sections 

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&ROXPQ5HSUHVHQWDWLRQWKDWIROORZVWKH3&KDUW6SHFL¿FDWLRQVRIWKH,+2 ́,17V\PERO

Column 3: Description of symbol, term, or abbreviation 

Column 4a: Representation used on charts produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 

Column 4b: Representation used on charts produced by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) 

Column 5: Representation of symbols that may appear on NGA reproductions of foreign charts 

Column 6: Representation used to portray ENC data on ECDIS 

Column 7: Description of ECDIS symbols 

When columns 4a and 4b are combined then NOAA and NGA both use the same symbol. When either column 4a or 4b is blank then the respective agency uses the INT 1 symbol shown in column 2. 

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case for K 11). When columns 6 and 7 combine rows to span across several symbol numbers then ECDIS portrays all of the grouped symbol numbers the same way (see C 5–C 7). 

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8 
Day, Dusk and Night Color Palettes 

ECDIS 

ECDIS allows the mariner to change the color palette that is used to display an ENC. 

Three different color tables have been designed to provide the maximum clarity and 

contrast between features on the display under three different lighting conditions on the 

bridge, namely Day, Dusk and Night. 

Each symbol is rendered in a different color appropriate for the lighting condition that 

the color table is meant for. This design provides maximum contrast for the display on 

a sunny day, as well as preserving night vision on a dimly lit bridge in the evening. This 

allows the mariner to look back and forth between the chart on the ECDIS display and 

out to sea through the bridge window without the mariner’s eyes needing to readjust to 

a difference in light intensity. 

DAY 

7KH'D\&RORU7DEOHPHDQWWREHXVHGLQEULJKWVXQOLJKWXVHVDZKLWHEDFNground for deep water and looks the most like a traditional paper chart. 

7KH 'XVN &RORU 7DEOH XVHV D EODFN EDFNJURXQG IRU GHHS ZDWHU DQG

colors are subdued, but slightly brighter than those used in the Night Color 

Table. 

7KH1LJKW&RORU7DEOHPHDQWWREHXVHGLQWKHGDUNHVWFRQGLWLRQVXVHVD

black background for deep water and muted color shades for other features. 

The images on the right show each of the three color palettes. 

DUSK 

The symbols shown in the remainder of this document use the day color palette. 

NIGHT 

9 
A
Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes 

Mercator Projection

6FDOHDW/DWƍ

North American Datum of 1983 (World Geodetic System 1984) 

13 

3 

Note: this is an example only and not to be used for navigation 

4 

Published at Washington, D.C. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION 

NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE 

COAST SURVEY 

Unimak Pass 

1:15000 13 

14 

ƍƎ1

ƍƎ:

ƍƎ1

ƍƎ:

ƍƎW 

ƍƎN 

Schematic Layout of a NOAA Chart (reduced in size) 

12 

500 0 500 1000 1500

Yards 0.1 0 1.0

Nautical Miles 

500 0 500 1000 1500

Meters 

0DJQHWLF)HDWXUHVĺ%

7LGDO'DWDĺ+

1 Chart number in national chart series 

2 Chart number in international (INT) 

series (if any) 

3 Reference ellipsoid of the chart 

4 Publication note (imprint) 

5 Copyright note 

6 Date of current edition 

7 Notice to Mariners corrections 

8 Dimensions of inner borders 

9 Corner coordinates 

10 Chart title 

11 Explanatory notes on chart construction, 

etc. To be read before using chart. 

12 Seal(s) 

13 Scale of chart. Some charts have scale 

at a stated latitude. 

14 Linear scale on large scale charts 

10 
15 

Linear border scale on large scale 

charts. On smaller scales use latitude 

borders for sea miles. 

16 

Cautionary notes (if any). Information 

on particular features, to be read before 

using chart. 

17 

Source Diagram (if any). Navigators 

should be cautious where surveys are 

inadequate. 

18 Reference to a larger scale chart 

19 Reference to an adjoining chart of 

similar scale 

a Conversion scales 

b Reference to the units used for depth 

measurement 

c Compass rose 

d Bar code and stock number 

e Glossary: Translation of words on chart 

that are not in English 

f ,GHQWL¿FDWLRQRIDODWWLFHGFKDUWLIDQ\

g Tidal and Tidal Stream information 

within the chart coverage 

Chart Number, Title, Marginal Notes 

A 

11 
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass 

No. INT NOAA

Geographical Positions 

Description 

Latitude 

Longitude 

International Meridian 

(Greenwich) 

Degree(s) 

Minute(s) of arc 

Second(s) of arc 

Position approximate (not 

accurately determined or does 

QRWUHPDLQ¿[HG

Position doubtful (reported in 

various positions) 

North 

East 

South 

West 

Northeast 

Southeast 

Northwest 

Southwest 

NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Position approximate 

Point feature or area of 

low accuracy PA (PA) 

Sounding of low accuracy 

Point feature or area of 

low accuracy 

PD (PD) 

Sounding of low accuracy 

Lat 

Long 

° 

ƍ

Ǝ

3$

PD 

N 

E 

S 

W 

NE 

SE 

NW 

SW 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 
 

Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass B 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Control Points 

20 Triangulation point 

Position of an elevation 

or control point 

21 † Observation spot Obs Spot 

22 Fixed point 

23 † Benchmark BM 

24 Boundary mark Bdy Mon 

25.1 Distance along waterway, no 

visible marker 

St M 32

7 Canal and distance point 

with no mark 

25.2 Distance along waterway with 

visible marker 

Y Bn (46) 7 

Canal and distance point 

Note: ECDIS uses a magenta “km” symbol to represent distance marks. However, the distances shown along waterways on NOAA-produced ENCs are displayed in statute miles. 

Symbolized Positions (Examples) 

30 Symbols in plan: position is 

center of primary symbol ECDIS follows the paper chart convention for the 

SRVLWLRQRIV\PEROVH[FHSWIRUVLPSOL¿HGV\PEROVIRU

buoys and beacons (see Q 1). 31 6\PEROVLQSUR¿OHSRVLWLRQLVDW

bottom of symbol 

32 Point symbols: accurate 

positions MAST Position of a point feature 

33 † Point symbol: approximate 

position Mast ECDIS indicates approximate position only for wrecks, obstructions, islets and shoreline features. 

Units Supplementary national symbols: a–m 

40 km Kilometer(s) 

41 m Meter(s) 

42 dm Decimeter(s) 

43 cm Centimeter(s) 

44 mm Millimeter(s) 

45 M International nautical mile(s) 

(1852m), sea mile(s) Mi NMi NM 

46 Cable(s) (0.1M) cbl 

13 
 

 

 

B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

47 ft Foot/Feet 

48 Fathom(s) fm 

49 h Hour(s) hr 

50 m min Minute(s) of time 

51 s sec Second(s) of time 

52 kn Knot(s) 

53 t Ton(s), Tonnage (weight) 

54 cd Candela(s) 

Magnetic Compass Supplementary national symbols: n 

60 Variation var VAR Varn Magnetic variation 

61 Magnetic mag 

62 Bearing brg 

63 True T 

64 Decreasing 

65 Increasing 

66 Annual change 

67 Deviation dev 

68.1 Note of magnetic variation, in 

position 

Cursor pick site for 

magnetic variation at a 

point 

Cursor pick site for 

magnetic variation over 

an area 

68.2 Note of magnetic variation, out 

of position 

14 
 

70 

1 0 2 0 30 40 50 60 7 0 80 

100 1 10 120 130 140 150 1 6 0 170 

19 0 2 0 0 210 

220 

230 

240 2 5 0 260 

280 2 9 0 300 

310 

320 

330 3 4 0 3 50 

0 

30 

60 

90 

120 

150 

18 0 

210 

240 

2 7 0 

3 00 

330 

M A G N E T I C 

8 

4 5 ' W ( 2 0 11) 

ANNU A L D E C R E AS E ' 

1 

VAR 

Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass B 

No. NOAA / NGA ECDIS 

Compass rose, normal pattern (smaller patterns of compass rose may be used) 

Magnetic variation (example): 

VAR 4°15’W (2011) means magnetic variation was 4°15’W in 2011 

ANNUAL DECREASE 8’ means annual change is 8’E or decreasing 8’ annually

 For 2012 the magnetic variation is 4°7’W 

0 

Cursor pick site for 

magnetic variation at a 

point 

270

90 

180 

Isogonic lines, Isogonals 

Cursor pick site for 

magnetic variation along 

a line 

Varn - 3 

15 

71 
 

 

 

82.1 

82.2 

B Positions, Distances, Directions, Compass
 

No. INT 

Local Magnetic Anomaly 

(see Note) 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

c 

d 

e 

f 

g 

h 

i 

j 

k 

l 

m 

n 

Description 

Local magnetic anomaly: 

Within the enclosed area the 

magnetic variation may deviate 

from the normal by the value 

shown 

Local magnetic anomaly: 

Where the area affected cannot 

EHHDVLO\GH¿QHGDOHJHQGRQO\

is shown at the position 

Square meter(s) 

Cubic meter(s) 

Inch(es) 

Yard(s) 

Statute mile(s) 

Microsecond(s) 

Hertz 

Kilohertz 

Megahertz 

Cycles/second 

Kilocycle(s) 

Megacycle(s) 

Ton(s) (U.S. short ton) (2,000lbs) 

Degree(s) 

NOAA NGA 

LOCAL MAGNETIC LOCAL MAGNETIC 

DISTURBANCE ANOMALY 

(see note) (see note) 

m2 

m3 

in 

yd 

St M St Mi 

μsec μs 

Hz 

kHz 

MHz 

cps c/s 

kc 

Mc 

T 

deg 

Other NGA 

LOCAL MAGNETIC DISTURBANCE 

(see note) 

ECDIS 

Cursor pick site for 

magnetic anomaly along 

a line or over an area 

Cursor pick site for 

magnetic anomaly at a 

point 

16 
Natural Features C 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Coastline Supplementary national symbols: a–e 

)RUHVKRUHĺ,-

1 Coastline, surveyed Coastline 

2 Coastline, unsurveyed 

Coastline or shoreline 

construction of low 

accuracy in position 

3 Cliffs, Steep coast 

high low 

Presence of cliffs 

coincident with coastline 

is obtained by cursor 

pick 

† 

Sloping ground crest line 

distant from coastline, 

radar or visually 

conspicuous 

† 

Cliff as an area 

Hillocks 

† 

Conspicuous hill or 

mountain top 

Flat coast 

Nature of coastline is 

obtained by cursor pick

Sandy shore 

† 

Stony shore, Shingly shore 

† 

Sandhills, Dunes 

† 

Conspicuous hill or 

mountain top 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

17 
 

C Natural Features 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Relief Supplementary national symbols: e–g 

3ODQHRIUHIHUHQFHIRUKHLJKWVĺ+

10 Contour lines with values and 

spot height 109 m 

Elevation contour with 

spot height, contour 

value is obtained by 

cursor pick 

11 Spot heights 119 m Position of an elevation 

or control point 

Approximate contour lines with 

values and approximate height 

109 m 

Elevation contour with 

spot height, contour 

value is obtained by 

cursor pick 

Form lines with spot height 

Approximate height of top of 

trees (above height datum) 

135 TT Approximate height of trees is 

obtained by cursor pick 

River, Stream 

River 

Intermittent river 

12 

13 

14 

Water Features, Lava 

20 

21 

18 
Natural Features C 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

22 Rapids, Waterfalls 

Rapids 

Waterfall 

Waterfall, visually 

conspicuous 

23 Lakes Lake 

24 Salt pans 

25 Glacier Continuous pattern for 

an ice area (glacier, etc.) 

26 /DYDÀRZ

† 

Vegetation Supplementary national symbols: i–t 

30 Woods in general 

† 

Wooded 

Line of trees 

Wooded area 

19 
C Natural Features 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

31 Prominent trees (isolated or in groups) 

31.1 Deciduous tree 

Tree 

31.2 Evergreen (except conifer) 

31.3 Conifer 

Vegetation, line of trees 

31.4 

31.5 

31.6 

31.7 

31.8 

32 

0 

33 

Palm 

Nipa Palm 

Wooded area 

Casuarina 

Filao 

Eucalypt 

0 

Mangrove 

Mangrove with coastline 

or shoreline construction of low accuracy in 

position 

Marsh, Swamp, Reed beds 

Marsh with coastline or 

shoreline construction of 

low accuracy in position 

Chart sounding datum line 

(surveyed) Uncovers 

Approximate sounding datum 

line (inadequately surveyed) 

Foreshore; Strand (in general); 

Stones; Shingle; Gravel; Mud; 

Sand 

Mud 

Breakers along a shore 

(if extensive) 

Breakers 

Breakers 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

c 

d 

20 
Natural Features C 


No. INT 

Rubble 

Hachures 

e 

f 

g 

i 

j 

k 

l 

m 

n 

o 

p 

q 

r 

s 

t 

Shading 

*UDVV¿HOGV

Bushes 

Cypress 

Grass 

Eelgrass 

Description 

Deciduous woodland 

Coniferous woodland 

Tree plantation 

&XOWLYDWHG¿HOGV

3DGG\ULFH¿HOGV

Apparent shoreline 

Vegetation or topographic 

(Feature Area Limit-in general) 

NOAA 

† 

† 

† 

† 

† 

† 

† 

† 

† 

† 

Grass 

Eelgrass 

NGA Other NGA 

Marsh 

Cypress 

ECDIS 

21 
D Cultural Features
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Settlements, Buildings 

+HLJKWRIREMHFWVĺ(/DQGPDUNVĺ(

1 Urban area Built-up area 

2 Settlement with scattered 

buildings 

3 Settlement (on medium and 

small scale charts) 

Name Built-up area as a point 

4 Village Vil 

5 Buildings Conspicuous single 

building 

6 Important building in built-up 

area 

Conspicuous single 

building in built-up area 

7 Street name, Road name Street name is obtained by cursor pick 

8 Ruin, Ruined landmark Ruins Ru

Status of ruins is obtained by cursor 

pick 

5RDGV5DLOZD\V$LU¿HOGV Supplementary National Symbols: a–c 

10 Motorway, highway Road, track or path as 

a line 

11 Road (hard surfaced) 

Road as an area 

12 Track, Path (loose or 

unsurfaced) 

22 
Cultural Features D 


No. INT 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

Other Cultural Features 

20 

21 

22 

Description 

Railway, with station 

Cutting 

Embankment 

Tunnel 

$LUSRUW$LU¿HOG

Vertical clearance above high 

water 

Horizontal clearance 

Fixed bridge with vertical 

clearance 

NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Airport 

FIXED BRIDGE 

HOR CL 25 FT 

VERT CL 6 M 

6 

VERT CL 20 FT 

HOR CL 8 M 

8 

Railway, with station 

Cutting 

Embankment 

Embankment, visually or 

radar conspicuous 

Tunnel 

Tunnel with depth below 

the seabed encoded 

Airport as a point 

Runway as a line 

Airport area, with runway 

area and visually conspicuous runway area 

Supplementary National Symbols: d–i 

clr 20.0 

clr cl 20.0 

clr op 20.0 

sf clr 20.0 

Vertical clearance 

Closed clearance 

Open clearance 

Safe clearance 

Horizontal clearance is obtained by 

cursor pick 

clr 20.0 

clr 20.0 Bridge 

23 
D Cultural Features
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

23.1 Opening bridge (in general) with 

vertical clearance 

clr cl 8.2 

clr op 20.0 

clr cl 8.2 

clr op 20.0 

Opening bridge 

23.2 Swing bridge with vertical 

clearance 

23.3 Lifting bridge with vertical 

clearance (closed and open) 

23.4 

23.5 

23.6 

24 

Bascule bridge with vertical 

clearance 

Pontoon bridge 

clr 20.0 

clr 20.0 Bridge 

Draw bridge with vertical 

clearance clr cl 8.2 

clr op 20.0 

clr cl 8.2 

clr op 20.0 

Opening bridge 

Transporter bridge with vertical 

FOHDUDQFHEHORZ¿[HGVWUXFWXUH

clr 20.0 

clr 20.0 Bridge 

Overhead transporter, Aerial 

cableway with vertical clearance 

clr 20.0 

Aerial cableway 

clr 20.0 Aerial cableway, radar 

conspicuous 

Overhead power cable with 

pylons and safe vertical 

clearance 

OVERHEAD POWER CABLE 

AUTHORIZED CL 140 FT 

TOWER TOWER 

sf clr 20.0 

Transmission line 

sf clr 20.0 

Transmission line, radar 

conspicuous 

1RWH7KHVDIHYHUWLFDOFOHDUDQFHDERYHWKHKHLJKWGDWXPDVGH¿QHGE\WKHUHVSRQVLEOHDXWKRULW\LVJLYHQLQPDJHQWDZKHUHNQRZQRWKHUZLVHWKHSK\VLFDOYHUWLFDOFOHDUDQFHLVVKRZQLQEODFNDVLQ'DOVRVHH

25 

26 

diagram at H 20). 

24 
Cultural Features D 


No. INT Description NOAA 

27 

Overhead cable, Telephone 

line, Telegraph line with vertical 

clearance 

Tel 

clr 20.0 

clr 20.0 

28 Overhead pipe with vertical 

clearance 

clr 20.0 

clr 20.0 

29 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

c 

d 

e 

f 

g 

h 

i 

Pipeline on land 

Highway markers 

Railway (Ry) 

(single or double track) 

Railroad (RR) 

Same grade 

Ry above 

Ry below 

Abandoned railroad 

Bridge under construction 

Footbridge 

Viaduct Viaduct 

Fence 

Power transmission line 

abt 21

NGA Other NGA 

OVHD PIPE 

VERT CL 6FT 

ECDIS 

Overhead cable 

Overhead cable, radar 

conspicuous 

Overhead pipeline 

Overhead pipeline, radar 

conspicuous 

Oil, gas pipeline, 

submerged or on land 

Approximate vertical clearance 

25 
 

 

 Conspicuous and Non-Conspicuous Features

ECDIS 

There are 25 features for which ECDIS displays either a black symbol, if the feature 

is visually conspicuous, or a brown symbol if is not. Only conspicuous landmarks 

are depicted on NOAA paper charts and ENCs. Therefore, only the conspicuous 

symbol versions are shown in the symbol tables of U.S. Chart No. 1. Both versions 

of the symbols for these features are shown on this page. 

Cairn 

Chimney 

Dish aerial 

Dome 

Flare stack 

)RUWL¿HGVWUXFWXUH

Hill or mountain top 

Mast 

Monument 

Mosque or minaret 

Position of a point feature 

Radar scanner 

Radio, television tower 

5H¿QHU\

Religious building, Christian 

Religious building, non-Christian 

Silo 

Single building 

Tank 

Tank farm 

Tower 

Water tower 

Windmill 

Windmotor 

Wind generator farm 

The seven symbols shown below represent features that only have a brown symbol. There is no corresponding black, conspicuous symbol. The brown symbol is 

displayed regardless of the conspicuousness of the feature. 

Cranes 

)ODJVWDIIÀDJSROH

Mangrove 

Mine, quarry 

Quarry 

Timber yard 

Tree

26 
Landmarks E 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWĺ+/LJKWKRXVHVĺ3%HDFRQVĺ4

General 

1 Examples of landmarks TANK Tr MONUMENT

Non-conspicuous point 

feature 

Non-conspicuous 

building 

Non-conspicuous 

water tower 

2 

Examples of conspicuous 

landmarks (On NOAA charts, 

a large circle with dot and 

capitals indicates that position 

is accurate; a small circle with 

lowercase indicates that position 

is approximate.) 

SPIRE EMPIRE STATE 

BUILDING 

RADAR MAST CHIMNEY

Conspicuous point 

feature 

Conspicuous building 

Conspicuous water 

tower 

3.1 Pictorial sketches (in true 

position) 

The information 

symbol is displayed if a 

supplemental image is 

available, which may be 

accessed by cursor pick 

3.2 Pictorial sketches (out of 

position) 

4 

5 

Landmarks 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

11 

Height of top of a structure 

above height datum (30) 

Height is obtained by cursor pick

Height of structure above ground 

level (30) 

Church Ch 

Church as a point 

Church as an area 

Church tower 

Church tower, spire, or 

dome Church spire SPIRE Spire

Church cupola CUPOLA Cup

Chapel Ch Chapel 

27 
E Landmarks 

No. INT

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25.1 

25.2 

26.1 

26.2 

27 

† 

Description 

Cross, Calvary 

Temple 

Pagoda 

Shinto shrine, Joss house 

Buddhist temple or shrine 

Mosque, Minaret 

Marabout 

Cemetery 

Tower 

Water tower, Water tank on a 

tower 

Chimney 

Flare stack (on land) 

Monument (including column, 

pillar, obelisk, statue) 

Windmill 

Windmill (without sails) 

Wind turbine, Windmotor 

Wind farm 

Flagstaff, Flagpole 

NOAA 

Cem 

TOWER 

Tr 

STANDPIPE 

S’pipe 

CHIMNEY 

Chy 

FLARE 

MONUMENT 

WINDMILL 

WINDMOTOR 

WIND FARM 

FS 

FP 

NGA Other NGA 

Tr 

Wtr Tr 

WTR TR 

CHY 

(208) (202) 

Flare 

Mon 

Windmill 

Windmotor 

Wind Farm 

FP 

FS 

ECDIS 

Position of a point 

feature 

Religious building, 

non-Christian 

Mosque or minaret 

Landmark area, type is 

obtained by cursor pick 

Tower 

Water tower 

Chimney 

Flare stack 

Monument 

Windmill, status of ruins 

is obtained by cursor 

pick 

Wind motor 

Wind generator farm 

)ODJVWDIIÀDJSROH

28 
No. INT 

28 

29 

30.1 

30.2 

30.3 

30.4 

31 

32 

33 

34.1 

34.2 

34.3 

35.1 

35.2 

36 

Description 

Radio mast, Television mast 

Radio tower, Television tower 

Radar mast 

Radar tower 

Radar scanner 

Radome 

Dish aerial 

Tanks 

Silo 

)RUWL¿HGVWUXFWXUHRQODUJHVFDOH

charts) 

Castle, Fort, Blockhouse (on 

small scale charts) 

Battery, Small fort (on small 

scale charts) 

Quarry (on large scale charts) 

Quarry (on small scale charts) 

Mine 

NOAA 

R MAST 

TV MAST 

R TR 

TV TR 

RADAR MAST 

RADAR TR 

DOME (RADAR) 

Dome (Radar) 

ANT (RADAR) 

Ant (Radar) 

TANK 

SILO 

ELEVATOR 

Landmarks E 


NGA Other NGA 

TV Mast 

R Mast 

TV Tr 

R Tr 

Radar Mast 

Radar Tr 

RADOME 

Radome 

Tk 

Elevator 

Silo 

ECDIS 

Mast 

Radio, television tower 

Mast 

Radar tower 

Radar scanner 

Dome 

Dish aerial
 

Tank
 

Tank farm 

Silo 

)RUWL¿HGVWUXFWXUH

)RUWL¿HGVWUXFWXUH

Quarry area
 

Quarry
 

29 
E Landmarks
 

No. INT 

37.1 

Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Recreational vehicle site 

Camping site (including 

recreational vehicles) 

† 

† 

† 

Facty 

Well 

Sch Sch 

Hosp 

Univ Univ 

GAB Gab

Tel 

Corp 

37.2 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

c 

d 

e 

f 

g 

h 

i 

k Tel Off 

l Magz 

m Govt Ho 

n Inst 

o Ct Ho 

p Pav 

q T 

r Ltd 

s Apt 

t Cap 

u Co 

v 

Muslim shrine 

Tomb 

Watermill 

Factory 

Well 

School 

Hospital 

University 

Gable 

Telegraph 

7HOHJUDSKRI¿FH

Magazine 

Government house 

Institute 

Courthouse 

Pavilion 

Telephone 

Limited 

Apartment 

Capitol 

Company 

Corporation 

30 
Ports F 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Protective Structures Supplementary national symbols: a–c 

1 Dike, Levee, Berm 

Dike as a line 

Dike as a line, 

conspicuous 

Dike as an area 

2.1 Seawall (on large scale charts) 

Seawall 

2.2 Seawall (on small scale charts) 

3 Causeway Cswy 

Causeway as a line 

Causeway, covers and 

uncovers as a line 

Causeway as an area 

Causeway, covers and 

uncovers as an area 

4.1 Breakwater (in general) 

Bkw Breakwater as a line 

Breakwater as an area 

4.2 Breakwater (loose boulders, 

tetrapods, etc.) 

4.3 Breakwater (slope of concrete or 

masonry) 

5 Training wall (partly submerged 

at high water) Training wall 

31 
F Ports
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

6.1 

6.2 

6.3 

Harbor Installations 

'HSWKVĺ,$QFKRUDJHV/

10 

11.1 

11.2 

11.3 

12 

Groin (always dry) Groin Groin (always dry) 

Groin (intertidal) Groin Groin (intertidal) 

Groin (always under water) Groin Groin (submerged) 

LPLWVĺ1%HDFRQVDQGRWKHU¿[HGPDUNVĺ40DULQDĺ8

Fishing harbor Fishing harbor 

Boat harbor, Marina Yacht harbor, marina 

Yacht berths without facilities 

Yacht club, Sailing club 

Mole (with berthing facility) 

Mole as a line 

Mole as an area 

Quay, Wharf Whf Wharf (quay) 

Pier, Jetty Pier 

Pier (jetty), 

promenade pier 

Promenade pier 

Pontoon 

Pontoon as a line 

Pontoon as an area 

Landing for boats Ldg Lndg Landing 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

32 
Ports F 


No. INT 

18 

19.1 

19.2 Visitors’ berth 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

Dolphin 

26 

27 

28 

Floating dock 

Description ECDIS 

0 

NOAA NGA Other NGA 

Steps, Landing stairs Steps 

Designation of berth 3 A 3 

Dol (Great Lakes) 

Dol 

† 

Dn 

Dol 

Deviation dolphin 

Minor post or pile Pile (Great Lakes) 

Pile 

† 

Landing steps 

Berth number 

Nr 3 

Yacht harbor, marina 

Mooring dolphin 

Deviation mooring 

dolphin 

Pile or bollard 

Slipway, Patent slip, Ramp Slipway, ramp 

Gridiron, Scrubbing grid Gridiron 

Dry dock, Graving dock Dry dock 

Floating dock as a line 

Floating dock as an area 

Non-tidal basin, Wet dock Wet dock and gate 

Dock 

Tidal basin, Tidal harbor 

Dock, under construction 

or ruined 

33 
F Ports
 

No. 

29.1 Floating Barrier 

29.2 

30 

31 

32 

33.1 

33.2 

34 

2011 

2011 

2011 

2011 

INT Description 

Floating barrier, e.g. oil barrier, 

security barrier 

Oil retention barrier (high 

pressure pipe) 

Works on land, with year date 

Works at sea, Area under 

reclamation, with year date 

Works under construction, with 

year date 

Ruin 

Ruined pier, partly submerged at 

high water 

Hulk 

NOAA 

Hk 

NGA Other NGA 

Floating Barrier 

Under 

construction 

(2011) Under constr Under constr

 (2011) 

Ruins 

Pier 

0 

Hk 

ECDIS 

Floating hazard 

Boom 

Floating oil barrier, oil 

retention (high pressure 

pipe) 

%RRPÀRDWLQJ

obstruction 

Floating oil barrier, oil 

retention (high pressure 

pipe) 

Ruin or works under 

construction 

Year and condition of 

under construction or 

ruin is obtained by cursor 

pick 

Pier, ruined and partly 

submerged 

Hulk 

34 
Ports F 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Canals, Barrages Supplementary national symbol: d 

&OHDUDQFHVĺ'6LJQDO6WDWLRQVĺ7&XOWXUDO)HDWXUHVĺ%

40 Canal 

Canal 

Ditch 

Canal 

41.1 Lock (on large scale charts) 

ControlCenter

Lock 1

Lock 2

Tide Sta Tide Sta 

Lock gate as a line 

Lock gate as an area 

41.2 Lock (on small scale charts) 

Ditch Sluice 

Canal Lock 

(Tidegate, Floodgate) 

Navigable lock gate 

42 Caisson, Gate 

Non-navigable lock gate 

Caisson as a line 

Caisson as an area 

43 Flood barrage 

Non-navigable lock gate 

Flood barrage as a line 

Flood barrage as an 

area 

44 'DP:HLUGLUHFWLRQRIÀRZ

shown is left to right) 

Dam as a line 

Dam as an area 

35 
F Ports
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Transhipment Facilities Supplementary national symbols: e–f 

5RDGVĺ'5DLOZD\Vĺ'7DQNVĺ(

50 Roll-on, Roll-off (RoRo), Ferry 

Terminal RoRo terminal 

51 Transit shed, Warehouse (with 

designation) 

Conspicuous single 

building, designation is 

obtained by cursor pick 

52 Timber yard † 

Timber yard as a point 

Timber yard as an area 

53.1 Crane with lifting capacity, 

Traveling crane (on railway) 

Lifting capacity is 

obtained by cursor pick 

Crane as a point 

Crane as an area 

53.2 Container crane (with lifting 

capacity) † 

Crane 

Crane 

Crane, visually 

conspicuous as an area 

53.3 Sheerlegs (conspicuous) 

Public Buildings Supplementary national symbol: g 

60 +DUERUPDVWHU¶VRI¿FH Hbr Mr Conspicuous single 

building 

61 &XVWRPRI¿FH Cus Ho 

Conspicuous single 

building 

Customs 

62.1 +HDOWKRI¿FH4XDUDQWLQH

building Health Office † 

Conspicuous single 

building 62.2 Hospital Hosp 

63 3RVWRI¿FH PO 

36 
c 

No. INT

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

d 

e 

f 

g 

Ports F 


Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Jetty (partly below MHW) 

Submerged jetty 

Jetty (on small scale charts) 

Pump-out facilities 

4XDUDQWLQHRI¿FH Quar † 

Mooring Canal 

Conveyor 

Mooring Canal 

Subm Jetty 

Submerged Jetty 

P 

1

Conveyor 

37 
H Tides, Currents
 

Terms Relating to Tidal Levels 

INT Terms 

No. Term Description 

1 CD Chart Datum, Datum for sounding reduction 

2 LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide 

3 HAT Highest Astronomical Tide 

4 MLW Mean Low Water 

5 MHW Mean High Water 

6 MSL Mean Sea Level 

7 Height datum, Land survey datum 

8 MLWS Mean Low Water Springs 

9 MHWS Mean High Water Springs 

10 MLWN Mean Low Water Neaps 

11 MHWN Mean High Water Neaps 

12 MLLW Mean Lower Low Water 

13 MHHW Mean Higher High Water 

14 MHLW Mean Higher Low Water 

15 MLHW Mean Lower High Water 

16 Sp Spring tide 

17 Np Neap tide 

Supplementary National Terms (see l–t for other terms and symbols) 

No. Term Description 

a HW High Water 

b HHW Higher High Water 

c LW Low Water 

d LWD Low Water Datum 

e LLW Lower Low Water 

f MTL Mean Tide Level 

g ISLW Indian Spring Low Water 

h HWF&C High Water Full and Change (Vulgar establishment of 

the port) 

i LWF&C Low Water Full and Change 

j CRD Columbia River Datum 

k GCLWD Gulf Coast Low Water Datum 

38 
20 

Tides, Currents H 


No. 

Tidal Levels and Charted Data 

7LGH*DXJHĺ7

Planes of reference are not exactly as shown below for all charts. 128 

Topographic 

Charted vertical contours

clearance 

Charted vertical 

MHW 

MHHW 

Height of tide 

MLW 

MLLW (Chart datum) 

Charted depth 

(sounding) 

Drying height 

Sea surface at any time 

Charted LW (drying) line 

clearance 

Overhead power 

cable 

They are usually defined in notes under chart titles. 

Safe vertical clearance 

(magenta) 

Charted HW (coast) line 

Observed depth 

(7) 

(12) 

Spot height 

100 

MSL 

Elevation of light source 

Islet height 

Notes: 


1) The numbers  and (12), shown above, are examples of how spot heights, topographic contour labels, islet heights and drying heights appear on NOAA paper charts. The numbers are enclosed in 


(parentheses) if the value is offset into the water to more clearly show the islet or rock. 

2) On NOAA charts, except for lake charts, the HW (coast) line is equal to the MHW line. 

Tide Tables 

No. INT Description 

Tabular statement of 

semi-diurnal or diurnal tides 

Note: The order of the 

columns of levels will be 

the same as that used 

in national tables of tidal 

predictions. 

NOAA 

7,'$/,1)250$7,21

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Annapolis, U.S. Naval Academy 
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:DVKLQJWRQ'&:DVKLQJWRQ&KDQQHO 
1
:

+HLJKWUHIHUUHGWRGDWXPRIVRXQGLQJV0//:

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High Water 

feet 

1.7 

1.4 

3.2 

0HDQ 0HDQ

High Water /RZ:DWHU

feet feet 

1.4 0.2 

1.2 0.2 

2.9 0.1 

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levels, tide predictions, and tidal current predictions are available on the Internet from 

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39 

30 
 

 

31 

H Tides, Currents
 

No. 

Tidal stream table 

Tidal Streams and Currents 

%UHDNHUVĺ.7LGH*DXJHĺ7

No. INT 

40 3.0 kn 

41 2.8 kn 

Description 

Flood tide stream with rate 

Ebb tide stream 

NOAA NGA Other NGA 

ECDIS 

Point or area for which 

a tidal stream table is 

available 

Boundary of an area 

for which there is tidal 

information 

Supplementary national symbols: m–t 

ECDIS 

Flood stream, rate at 2.5 kn spring tides 

Current or tidal stream 

whose direction is not 

known 

Boundary of an area 

for which there is tidal 

information 

Ebb stream, rate at 2.5 kn spring tides 

Current or tidal stream 

whose direction is not 

known 

Boundary of an area 

for which there is tidal 

information 

40 
Tides, Currents H 


No. INT 

42 

43 

44 

45 

Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Current in restricted waters 

2.5 kn Non-tidal current 

Ocean current with rates and 

seasons (see Note) 

Overfalls, tide rips, races 

Tide rips 

symbol used only in small areas 

Overfalls, tide rips; 

eddies; breakers as 

point, line, and area 

Eddies 

Eddies 

symbol used only in small areas 

Position of tabulated tidal stream 

data with designation 

Point for which a tidal 

stream table is available 

Offshore position for which tidal 

levels are tabulated 

Stream Str 

Current, general, with rate 2 kn 

Velocity, Rate vel 

Knots kn 

Height ht 

Flood À

New moon 

Full moon 

Current diagram 

0 

1 

2 

3 6 5 4

7 

8 

9 

10 11 

Gulf Stream Limits Approximate location of Axis of Gulf Stream 

46 

47 

Supplementary National Symbols (Supplementary national terms relating to tidal levels are listed after H 17) 

l 

m 

n 

o 

p 

q 

r 

s 

t 

u 

41 
I Depths 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

General 

1 ED Existence doubtful Sounding of low 

accuracy 

2 SD Sounding of doubtful depth 

Sounding of low 

accuracy 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

3.1 Rep 5HSRUWHGEXWQRWFRQ¿UPHG

Sounding of low 

accuracy 

Point feature or area of 

low accuracy 

3.2 5HS Reported (with year of report), 

EXWQRWFRQ¿UPHG

Low accuracy line 

demarking area wreck or 

obstruction 

Low accuracy line 

demarking foul area 

4 

5HSRUWHGEXWQRWFRQ¿UPHG

sounding or danger (on 

small scale charts only) 

Obstruction, depth not 

stated 

Sounding of low 

accuracy 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Point feature or area of 

low accuracy 

42 
 

I 

NGA Other NGA 

Depths 

No. INT 

Soundings 

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKVĺ+3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWVĺ+

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

Description 

Sounding in true position (NOAA 

shows fathoms and feet with 

vertical numbers and meters with 

sloping numbers) 

Sounding out of position 

Least depth in narrow channel 

No bottom found at depth shown 

Soundings which are unreliable 

or taken from a smaller scale 

source (NOAA shows unreliable 

soundings in fathoms and feet 

with sloping numbers and in 

meters with vertical numbers) 

Drying heights and contours 

above chart datum 

Natural watercourse (in intertidal 

area), tidal gully, tideway 

NOAA 

63 6 3 4 4 

(23) 

3375 

(4 ) 7 

6 

ECDIS 

Supplementary national symbols: a–c 

Depths are always shown in their true position in 

ECDIS 

Sounding shoaler than or 

equal to safety depth 

Sounding deeper than 

safety depth 

Status of no bottom 

found is obtained by 

cursor pick 

Sounding of low 

accuracy 

Drying height, less than 

or equal to safety depth 

Tideway 

43 
I Depths 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Depths in Fairways and Areas Supplementary national symbols: a, b 

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKVĺ+

20 Limit of dredged area 

Dredged area 

Depth, date of latest 

survey and other 

information is obtained 

by cursor pick 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

Unsurveyed 

Inadequately surveyed 

Depths 

(see ZOC diagram) 

Unsurveyed 

(see note)

10 

0 

Dredged channel or area with 

depth of dredging in meters and 

decimeters 

Dredged channel or area with 

depth and year of the latest 

control survey 

30 FEET APR 2011 

30 FEET 

APR 2011 

Dredged channel or area with 

maintained depth 

Area swept by wire drag. The 

depth is shown at chart datum. 

(The latest date of sweeping is 

shown in parentheses.) 

29 

23 

22 

18 

3 

8 

7 21 

30 (1930) 

76 

swept to 9.6 Swept area 

(see note) 

10 

0 

Unsurveyed or inadequately 

surveyed area; area with 

inadequate depth information 11 13 

13 

12 

20 22 

17 

Unsurveyed 

rky 

10 

Incompletely surveyed 

area 

Unsurveyed area 

44 
ECDIS depth related symbols closely resemble their paper chart counterparts; however, 

ECDIS provides valuable additional information to mariners that paper charts cannot. 

Soundings 

ECDIS enables mariners to set their own-ship “safety depth.” If no depth is set, ECDIS sets 

the value to 30m. Soundings equal to or shoaler than the safety depth are shown in black; 

deeper soundings are displayed in a less conspicuous gray. Fractional values are shown 

with subscript numbers of the same size. 

Depth Contours & Depth Areas 

Depth contours in ECDIS are portrayed with a thin gray line. Each pair of adjacent depth 

contours is used to create depth area features. These are used by ECDIS to tint different 

depth levels and to initiate alarms when a ship is headed into unsafe water. 

Depth Contour Labels 

ECDIS depth contour labels are not centered and oriented along isolines as they appear on paper charts. They are displayed upright and 

may appear either on or next to the contour lines that they describe. 

The labels are black and the same size as soundings, but the labels 

have a light “halo” to set them apart. The graphic to the left shows depth 

labels and soundings both deeper and shoaler than the safety depth. 

Note that depths on NOAA paper charts and ENCs are usually compiled in fathoms and feet. Because ECDIS displays depths in meters, 

soundings and contour lines often show fractional meter values. The 

“own-ship safety contour” (described below) is always displayed, but 

mariners may choose to have all other depth contours turned off. 

Safety Contour 

ECDIS uses a “safety contour” value to show an extra thick line for the depth contour that 

separates “safe water” from shoaler areas. If the mariner does not set an own-ship safety 

contour value, ECDIS sets the value to 30m. If the ENC being displayed does not have a 

contour line equal to the safety contour depth value set by the mariner, then ECDIS sets 

the next deeper contour as the safety contour. Depending on the contour intervals used on 

individual ENCs, ECDIS may set different safety contours as a ship transits from one ENC 

to another. ECDIS will initiate an alarm if the ship’s future track will cross the safety contour 

ZLWKLQDVSHFL¿HGWLPHVHWE\WKHPDULQHU

Two or Four Tints for Shading Depth Areas 

ECDIS tints all depth areas beyond the (green tinted) foreshore in either one of two or 

one of four shades of blue. This is similar to the convention used for paper charts, but 

the depths used to change from one tint to another are based on the safety contour and 

thus “customized” for each ship. If the mariner chooses two shades to be displayed, water 

deeper than the safety contour is shown in an off-white color, water shoaler than the safety 

contour is tinted blue.

 ECDIS Portrayal of Depths ECDIS 

Portrayal of Depth Areas with 2 Color Settings 

6RPH(&',6HQDEOHPDULQHUVWRGH¿QHWZRDGGLWLRQDOGHSWKDUHDVIRUPHGLXP

deep water and medium-shallow water by setting a “deep contour” value and 

a “shallow contour” value. If this option is used, the safety contour is displayed 

between the medium deep and medium shallow contours. 

Portrayal of Depth Areas with 4 Color Setting 

Some ECDIS also provide the mariner with the option of 

displaying a cross-hatch “shallow water” pattern over all 

depth areas shoaler than the safety contour. 

45 
I Depths 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Depth Contours 

30 

Drying contour 

Low water line 

Blue tint, in one or more shades, 

or tint ribbons are shown to 

different limits according to the 

scale and purpose of the chart 

and the nature of the bathymetry. 

On some charts, contours and 

values are printed in blue. 

Two Shades Four Shades 

shallow water 

contour 

deep water 

contour 

all deeper contours 

safety contour 

very 

shallow 

depth 

deep 

depth 

medium 

shallow 

depth 

medium 

deep 

depth 

foreshore foreshore

deep 

depth 

shallow 

depth 

31 Approximate depth contours 

20 

50 

Approximate depth 

contour 

Approximate safety 

depth contour 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a Swept channel 6 

b 

Swept area, not adequately 

sounded (shown by purple or 

green tint) 

89 

15 

10 119 

102 

c Stream 2ft 5 6 

46 
Nature of the Seabed J 


No. 

Types of Seabed 

5RFNVĺ.

1 S 

2 M 

3 

4 Si 

5 St 

6 G 

7 P 

8 

9.1 R 

9.2 

10 

11 

12.1 

12.2 

13.1 

13.2 

INT 

Cy 

&E

Bo 

Co 

Sh 

S/M 

fS M Sh 

fS.M.Sh 

Wd 

Description 

Sand 

Mud 

Clay 

Silt 

Stones 

Gravel 

Pebbles 

Cobbles 

Rock; Rocky 

Boulder(s) 

Coral, Coralline algae 

Shells (skeletal remains) 

Two layers, e.g. sand over mud 

The main constituent is given 

¿UVWIRUPL[WXUHVHJ¿QHVDQG

with mud and shells 

Weed (including kelp) 

Kelp, Weed 

NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Supplementary national abbreviations: a–ag 

S 

M 

Cy 

Si 

St 

G 

P 

Cb 

Rk; rky R 

Blds R 

R 

Co 

Sh 

f S M Sh 

Kelp 

Sand 

Mud 

Clay 

Silt 

Stones 

Gravel 

Pebbles 

Cobbles 

Rock 

Boulder 

Lava 

Coral 

Shells 

Weed, kelp 

Weed, kelp as an area 

47 
J Nature of the Seabed
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

14 Sandwaves Sandwaves 

Sand waves as a point 

Sand waves as a line 

Sand waves as an area 

15 Spring in seabed Spring Spring 

Types of Seabed, Intertidal Areas 

20 Area with stones and gravel gravel 

stone 

Areas of gravel and 

stone 

21 Rocky area, which covers and 

uncovers 

Rocky ledges or coral 

reef 

22 Coral reef, which covers and 

uncovers 

Qualifying Terms Supplementary national symbols: ah–bf 

30 f Fine 

only used in 

relation to 

sand 

31 m Medium 

32 c Coarse 

33 EN Broken 

34 sy Sticky 

35 so Soft 

36 sf Stiff 

37 Y Volcanic YRO

38 ca Calcareous Ca Rocky ledges or coral 

reef 

39 h Hard 

48 
Nature of the Seabed J 


No. NGA Other NGA

a 

b 

c 

d 

f 

g 

h 

i 

j 

k 

l 

m 

n 

o 

p 

q 

r 

s 

t 

u 

v 

w 

x 

y 

z 

aa 

ab 

ac 

ad 

ae 

af 

INT Description 

Supplementary National Abbreviations 

Ground 

Ooze 

Marl 

Shingle 

Chalk 

Quartz 

Schist 

Coral head 

Madrepores 

Volcanic ash 

Lava 

Pumice 

Tufa 

Scoriae 

Cinders 

Manganese 

Oysters 

Mussels 

Sponge 

Kelp 

Grass 

Sea-tangle 

Spicules 

Foraminifera 

Globigerina 

Diatoms 

Radiolaria 

Pteropods 

Polyzoa 

Cirripedia 

Fucus 

NOAA 

Grd
 

Oz
 

Ml
 

Sn
 

Ck
 

Qz
 

Sch
 

Co Hd
 

Mds
 

9RO$VK

La 

Pm 

7

Sc
 

Cn
 

Mn
 

Oys
 

Ms
 

Spg
 

K
 

Grs
 

Stg
 

Spi
 

Fr
 

Gl
 

Di
 

Rd
 

Pt
 

Po
 

Cir
 

Fu
 

ECDIS 

49 
J Nature of the Seabed 

No. INT

ag 

ah 

ai 

aj 

ak 

al 

am 

an 

ao 

ap 

aq 

ar 

as 

at 

au 

av 

aw 

ax 

ay 

az 

ba 

bb 

bc 

bd 

be 

bf 

Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Mattes Ma 

Small sml 

Large lrg 

Rotten rt 

Streaky str 

Speckled spk 

Gritty gty 

Decayed dec 

Flinty À\

Glacial glac 

Tenacious ten 

White wh 

Black EOEN

Violet YL

Blue EX

Green gn 

Yellow yl 

Orange or 

Red rd 

Brown EU

Chocolate ch 

Gray gy 

Light lt 

Dark dk 

Varied YDUG

Uneven XQHY

50 
Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture K
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

General 

1 

Danger line: A danger line draws 

attention to a danger which 

would not stand out clearly 

enough if represented solely by 

its symbol (e.g. isolated rock) 

or delimits an area containing 

numerous dangers, through 

which it is unsafe to navigate 

Obstruction, depth not 

stated 

Obstruction which covers 

and uncovers 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Foul area, not safe for 

navigation 

2 

3 

Rocks 

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWVĺ+3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKVĺ+

10 (21) (4 m) 

Swept by wire drag or diver 

Wk 

(1937) 

46 

Obstn 46 

Wk 46 

Rk 35 Rk

(157) 

Swept sounding, less 

than or equal to safety 

depth 

Swept sounding, greater 

than safety depth 

Depth unknown, but estimated 

to have a safe clearance to the 

depth shown 

46 Wk 35 Rk 46 Obstn

21 

ECDIS displays safe clearance depths in the same 

manner as known depths. 

Rock (islet) which does not 

cover, height above height datum 25 

Land as a point at small 

scale 

Land as an area, with an 

elevation or control point 

Rock which covers and uncovers, height above chart datum ( ) 2 4 ( ) 2 

Rock which covers and 

uncovers or is awash at 

low water 

Underwater hazard 

which covers and uncovers with drying height 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Rock awash at the level of chart 

datum 

Rock which covers and 

uncovers or is awash at 

low water 

Underwater hazard 

which covers and 

uncovers 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

8 m 

11 

12 

Uncov 1m 

(0 ) 6

Uncov 1m 

( ) 06 

51 
 

K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

13 

Underwater rock of unknown 

depth, dangerous to surface 

navigation 

Dangerous underwater 

rock of uncertain depth 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

14.1 

Underwater rock of known depth; 

inside the corresponding depth 

area 

12 Rk 

27 Rk 

21 

R 

Underwater hazard with 

a depth of 20 meters 

or less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

14.2 

15 

16 

Underwater rock of known depth; 

outside the corresponding depth 

area, dangerous to surface 

navigation 

5 Rk 

5 

R 

4 2 Rk

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Underwater rock of known 

depth, not dangerous to surface 

navigation 

35Rk 35R. 

Underwater hazard with 

a depth of 20 meters 

or less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Coral reef which is always 

covered Reef line

Co 

31 

Dangerous underwater 

rock of uncertain depth 

Obstruction, depth not 

stated 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Safe clearance shoaler 

than safety contour 

128 Safe clearance deeper 

than safety contour 

256 Safe clearance deeper 

than 20 meters 

Breakers 

Breakers 

Br 

West Breaker 

PA 

Overfalls, tide rips; 

eddies; breakwaters as 

point, line, and area 

17 

52 
Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture K
 

No. 

ks and Fouls 

RI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKVĺ+

Wrec

3ODQH

20 

21 

22 52 

23 

24 

25 

26 

INT 

Mast (1.2) 

Wk 

Mast (12 ) 

Wk 

65 

Description 

Wreck, hull never covers, on 

large scale charts 

Wreck, covers and uncovers, on 

large scale charts 

Submerged wreck, depth known, 

on large scale charts 

Submerged wreck, depth 

unknown, on large scale charts 

Wreck showing any portion of 

hull or superstructure at level of 

chart datum 

Wreck of which the mast(s) only 

are visible at chart datum 

Wreck, least depth known by 

sounding only 

NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

51 

2 

Hk Hk 1.2 m 

Hk 

Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

9 

Hk Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

Wk 

Mast (10ft)

Funnel 

(11) 

Wreck, always dry, with 

height shown 

Wreck, covers and 

uncovers 

Distributed remains of 

wreck 

Submerged wreck with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Submerged wreck with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Distributed remains of 

wreck 

Submerged wreck with 

depth less than the 

safety contour or depth 

unknown 

Wreck showing any 

portion of hull or 

superstructure at level of 

chart datum 

Masts 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Underwater hazard with 

Wk depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

53 
K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture
 

No. INT 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31.1 (25) 

31.2 

Obstructions and Aquaculture 

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKVĺ+.H

40 

Description 

Wreck, least depth known, swept 

by wire drag or diver 

Dangerous wreck, depth 

unknown 

Sunken wreck, not dangerous to 

surface navigation 

Wreck, least depth unknown, but 

considered to have a safe 

clearance to the depth shown 

Foul ground, not dangerous to 

surface navigation, but to be 

avoided by vessels anchoring, 

trawling, etc. (e.g. remains of 

wreck, cleared platform) 

NOAA 

25 

NGA Other NGA 

4 

ECDIS 

Swept sounding for 

underwater hazard less 

than safety depth 

Swept sounding for 

underwater hazard 

greater than or equal to 

safety depth 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Dangerous wreck, depth 

unknown 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Non-dangerous wreck, 

depth unknown 

Underwater hazard with 

safe clearance of 20 

meters or less 

Underwater hazard with 

safe clearance greater 

than 20 meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Foul area of seabed safe 

for navigation but not for 

anchoring 

Foul ground 

Distributed remains of 

wreck 

OS6HDZHHGĺ-8QGHUZDWHU,QVWDOODWLRQVĺ/

Obstruction, depth not 

stated 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety Obstruction, depth unknown contour 

Safe clearance shoaler 

than safety contour 

54 
 

 

Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture K
 

No. 

41 

42 

43.1 

43.2 

44.1 

44.2 

45 

INT Description 

Obstruction, least depth known 

by sounding only 

Obstruction, least depth known, 

swept by wire drag or diver 

Stumps of posts or piles, wholly 

submerged 

Submerged pile, stake, snag, or 

stump (with exact position) 

Fishing stakes 

Fish trap, Fish weir, Tunny nets 

Fish trap area, Tunny nets area 

NOAA NGA Other NGA 

Piles
 

piles
 

Subm piles 

Subm 

Well 

Stakes Deadhead 

Snags Stump 

Fsh 

stks 

Fish trap 

ECDIS 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Less than or equal to 

safety depth

swept
 

depth
 

Greater than safety 

depth 

Method of depth measurement is 

obtained by cursor pick 

known 

by 

diver 

or 

other 

means 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Obstruction, depth not 

stated 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Fish stakes as a point 

Fish stakes as an area 

)LVKWUDS¿VKZHLU

tunny net as a point 

)LVKWUDS¿VKZHLUWXQQ\

net as an area 

55 
K Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture 

No. INT

46.1 

46.2 

47 

48.1 

48.2 

Description 

Fish haven 

Fish haven with minimum depth 

6KHOO¿VKEHGV

Marine farm (on large scale 

charts) 

Marine farm (on small scale 

charts) 

Oys 

NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

(actual

shape) 

Marine Farm 

Obstn 

Marine Farm 

(Marine Farm) 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour Obstn
 

Fish Haven
 

Safe clearance shoaler 

than safety contour 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour Obstn
 

Fish Haven
 

(auth min 42ft)
 

Safe clearance shoaler 

than safety contour 

Safe clearance deeper 

than safety contour 

128 

Safe clearance deeper 

than 20 meters 

256 

Marine farm as a point 

Marine farm as an area 

56 
No. 

a 

b 

c 

d 

e 

f 

g 

h 

i 

j 

k 

l 

m 

n 

o 

p 

q 

r 

INT 

Supplementary National Symbols 

NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Sub vol 

Reef 

Obstn 46 

Discol water 

35 Rk 

Crib 

Crib 

Platform 

5 21 Rks 

Rk 

21 Rk 46 

Co 

Subm 

Crib 

Duck Blind 

Duck Blind 

Subm 

platform 

Wreckage 

Wks 

Foul 

Unexploded

Ordnance 

Float 

Subm
 

piles
 

Description 

Rock awash (height unknown) 

Shoal sounding on isolated rock 

or rocks 

Sunken wreck covered 20 to 

30 meters 

Submarine volcano 

Discolored water 

Sunken danger with depth 

cleared (swept) by wire drag 

Reef of unknown extent 

Coral reef, detached (uncovers 

at sounding datum) 

Submerged crib 

Crib, duck blind (above water) 

Submerged duck blind 

Submerged platform 

Coral reef which covers and 

uncovers 

Sinkers 

Foul area, foul with rocks or 

wreckage, dangerous to 

navigation 

Unexploded ordnance 

Float 

Stumps of posts or piles, which 

cover and uncover 

Rocks, Wrecks, Obstructions, Aquaculture K
 

57 
L Offshore Installations 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

General 

$UHDV/LPLWVĺ1

1 Ekofisk Oilfield 1DPHRIRLO¿HOGRUJDV¿HOG CORRIB 

GAS FIELD 

Well 

Well 

Well Well 

348 

346 

334 334 

“Name” 

Area to be navigated 

with caution, name is 

obtained by cursor pick 

2 Platform with designation/name 

Offshore platform, name 

is obtained by cursor 

pick 

3 Limit of safety zone around 

offshore installation 

Area where entry is 

prohibited or restricted or 

to be avoided, with other 

cautions 

4 Limit of development area Cautionary area, 

navigate with caution 

5.1 

:LQGWXUELQHÀRDWLQJZLQG

turbine, vertical clearance under 

blade 

Wind motor visually 

conspicuous 

5.2 

Offshore wind farm 

Wind farm (offshore) 

2IIVKRUHZLQGIDUPÀRDWLQJ

6 Wave farm Wave farm 

Platforms and Moorings 

0RRULQJ%XR\Vĺ4

10 Production platform, Platform, 

Oil derrick Offshore platform 

11 Flare stack (at sea) &RQVSLFXRXVÀDUHVWDFN

on offshore platform 

Fl.Y 

58 
Offshore Installations L 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

12 

Single Point Mooring (SPM), 

including Single Anchor Leg 

Mooring (SALM), Articulated 

Loading Column (ALC) 

“Name” 

Offshore platform, name 

and status of disused is 

obtained by cursor pick 

13 Observation/research platform 

(with name) “Name” “Name” “Name” 

14 Ru (disused) 

15 “Name” 

16 

17 Tanker 

18 

Underwater Installations 

3ODQHRI5HIHUHQFHIRU'HSWKVĺ+2EVWUXFWLRQVĺ.

20 

21.1 

21.2 

Z-44 

(ru) 

Disused platform with 

superstructure removed 

$UWL¿FLDOLVODQG Artificial Island 

(Mukluk) 

Single Buoy Mooring (SBM), Oil 

or gas installation buoy including 

Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring 

(CALM) 

Installation buoy and 

PRRULQJEXR\VLPSOL¿HG

Installation buoy, paper 

chart 

Moored storage tanker Offshore platform 

Mooring ground tackle Ground tackle 

Supplementary national symbol: a 

Submerged production well 

Well 

(cov 21ft) 

Well 

(cov 83ft) 

Well 

Prod Well 

Prod Well 

15 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Suspended well, depth over 

wellhead unknown Pipe 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Suspended well, with depth over 

wellhead 

Pipe 

(cov 24ft) 

Pipe 

(cov 92ft) 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Underwater hazard with 

depth greater than 20 

meters 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Wellhead with height above the 

VHDÀRRU

Well 

(5.7) 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

21.3 

59 
L Offshore Installations 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

22 Site of cleared platform 

Foul area of seabed safe 

for navigation but not for 

anchoring 

23 Above-water wellhead (lit or 

unlit) Pipe Pipe 

(24) 

Obstruction in the water 

which is always above 

water level 

24 

25 ODAS 

Submarine Cables 

30.1 

30.2 

31.1 

31.2 

Underwater turbine 

Underwater turbine or 

subsurface ODAS 

Subsurface Ocean(ographic) 

Data Acquisition System (ODAS) 

Submarine cable 

Submarine cable 

Submarine cable area † Cable Area 

Submarine cable area Submarine power cable 

Submarine power cable area 

Disused submarine cable Status of disused is 

obtained by cursor pick 

6XSSO\SLSHOLQHXQVSHFL¿HGRLO

gas, chemicals, water 

Oil, gas pipeline, 

submerged or on land 

Supply pipeline area: unspeci­

¿HGRLOJDVFKHPLFDOVZDWHU † Pipeline Area 

Submarine pipeline area 

with potentially 

dangerous contents 

32 

Submarine Pipelines 

40.1 

40.2 

Pipe 

(18) 

60 
L 

No. INT 

41.1 

41.2 

42.1 

42.2 

43 

44 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

Description 

2XWIDOODQGLQWDNHXQVSHFL¿HG

water, sewer, outfall, intake 

Outfall and intake area: unspeci­

¿HGZDWHUVHZHURXWIDOOLQWDNH

Buried pipeline/pipe (with 

nominal depth to which buried) 

Pipeline tunnel 

Diffuser, Crib 

Disused pipeline/pipe 

Submerged well (buoyed) 

Potable water intake 

Offshore Installations 

NOAA 

Pipeline Area 

NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Water pipeline, sewer, 

etc. 

Submarine pipeline area 

with generally 

non-dangerous contents 

Nominal depth of buried 

pipeline is obtained by 

cursor pick 

Pipeline tunnel 

Underwater hazard with 

depth of 20 meters or 

less 

Isolated danger of depth 

less than the safety 

contour 

Status of disused is 

obtained by cursor pick 

Well Well 

PWI 

Depth over 

Crib 17 ft 

Well 

Crib 

61 
M Tracks, Routes 

INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Supplementary national symbols: a–c 

No. 

Tracks 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5.1 

5.2 

6 

7UDFNV0DUNHGE\/LJKWVĺ3/HDGLQJ%HDFRQVĺ4

Leading line (solid line is the 

track to be followed, ‡ means 

“in line”) 

Transit (other than leading line), 

clearing line 

Recommended track based on a 

V\VWHPRI¿[HGPDUNV

Recommended track not based 

RQDV\VWHPRI¿[HGPDUNV

One-way track and DW track 

EDVHGRQDV\VWHPRI¿[HG

marks 

One-way track and DW track 

QRWEDVHGRQDV\VWHPRI¿[HG

marks 

Recommended track with 

maximum authorized (or 

recommended) draft stated 

Lights in line 090° 

270 deg 

Beacons in line 090° Bns in line 270.5° 

Lights in line 090° 

73 m 

7 m 

Leading line bearing a non-regulated, 

Direction not encoded 

270 deg One-way 

Two-way 

270 deg Clearing line; transit line 

Non-regulated, recommended track 

EDVHGRQ¿[HGPDUNV

270 deg 

Non-regulated, recommended track 

90 deg 

270 deg 

%DVHGRQ¿[HGPDUNVRQHZD\

90 deg 

recommended track 

Direction not encoded 

90 deg One-way 

Two-way 

QRWEDVHGRQ¿[HGPDUNV

Direction not encoded 

One-way 

Two-way 

90 deg Non-regulated 

recommended track 

Deep water route 

1RWEDVHGRQ¿[HGPDUNVRQHZD\

Non-regulated 

recommended track 

Deep water route 

centerline 

If encoded, the shoalest depth range 

value along the track is obtained by 

cursor pick 

62 
Tracks, Routes M
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Routing Measures Supplementary national symbols: d–e 

Basic Symbols 

10 Established (mandatory)

GLUHFWLRQRIWUDI¿FÀRZ

7UDI¿FGLUHFWLRQLQD

RQHZD\ODQHRIDWUDI¿F

separation scheme 

11 5HFRPPHQGHGGLUHFWLRQRIWUDI¿F

ÀRZ

6LQJOHWUDI¿FGLUHFWLRQ

in a two-way route part 

RIDWUDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQ

scheme 

12 Separation line (large scale, 

small scale) 7UDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQOLQH

13 Separation zone 7UDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQ]RQH

14 

Limit of restricted routing 

PHDVXUHHJ,QVKRUH7UDI¿F

Zone (ITZ), Area to be Avoided 

(ATBA)) 

RESTRICTED AREA 

15 Limit of routing measure 7UDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQ

scheme boundary 

16 Precautionary area 

7UDI¿FSUHFDXWLRQDU\

area as a point 

7UDI¿FSUHFDXWLRQDU\

area as an area 

17 

Archipelagic Sea Lane (ASL); 

axis line and limit beyond which 

vessels shall not navigate 

Axis and boundary of 

archipelagic sea lane 

18 

7.3m Fairway designated by regulatory 

authority with minimum depth 

SAFETY FAIRWAY 166.200 (see note A) Fairway, depth is 

obtained by cursor pick 

<7.3m> 

Fairway designated by regulatory 

authority with maximum 

authorized draft 

63 
M Tracks, Routes
 

Examples of Routing Measures on Paper/Raster Charts 

27.3 

Inshore Traffic Zone 

Precautionary

Area 

Inshore Traffic Zone 

Area to be 

Avoided 

(see Note) 

Inshore 

traffic 

zone 

DW 

DW 22.5m 

FAIRWAY 10.5m (2011) 

DW 

DW

DW 

DW 

20.1 

20.3 

25.1 

20.2 

26.1 

26.2 

28.1 

25.2 

27.2 

26.1 

20.1 

20.1 

27.1 

27.3 

25.1 

20.1 27.3

29.2 

28.2 

18 

23 

24 

22 

21 

RW 

RW 

RW 

DW

27.3 

29.1 

64 
Tracks, Routes M
 

No. 

Examples of Routing Measures 

18 Safety fairway 

20.1 7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPH766WUDI¿FVHSDUDWHGE\VHSDUDWLRQ]RQH

20.2 7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHWUDI¿FVHSDUDWHGE\QDWXUDOREVWUXFWLRQV

20.3 7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHZLWKRXWHUVHSDUDWLRQ]RQHVHSDUDWLQJWUDI¿FXVLQJVFKHPHIURPWUDI¿FQRWXVLQJLW

21 7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHURXQGDERXWZLWKVHSDUDWLRQ]RQH

22 7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHZLWK3FURVVLQJJDWHV ́

23 7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPHFURVVLQJZLWKRXWGHVLJQDWHGSUHFDXWLRQDU\DUHD

24 Precautionary area 

25.1 ,QVKRUH7UDI¿F=RQH,7=ZLWKGH¿QHGHQGOLPLWV

25.2 ,QVKRUH7UDI¿F=RQHZLWKRXWGH¿QHGHQGOLPLWV

26.1 5HFRPPHQGHGGLUHFWLRQRIWUDI¿FÀRZEHWZHHQWUDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPHV

26.2 5HFRPPHQGHGGLUHFWLRQRIWUDI¿FÀRZIRUVKLSVQRWQHHGLQJDGHHSZDWHUURXWH

27.1 'HHSZDWHUURXWH':DVSDUWRIRQHZD\WUDI¿FODQH

27.2 Two-way deep water route, with minimum depth stated 

27.3 Deep water route, centerline as recommended one-way or two-way track 

28.1 Recommended route, one-way and two-way (often marked by centerline buoys) 

28.2 Two-way route, with one-way sections 

29.1 Area to be Avoided (ATBA), around navigational aid 

29.2 Area to be Avoided, e.g. because of danger of stranding 

65 
M Tracks, Routes
 

Examples of Routing Measures in ECDIS 

27.3 

20.1 

20.3 

25.1 

20.2 

26.1 

26.2 

28.1 

25.2 

27.2 

26.1 

20.1 

20.1 

27.1 

27.3 

25.1 

27.3 20.1 

29.2 

28.2 

18 

23 

24 

29.1 

22 

21 

27.3 

66 
Tracks, Routes M
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Radar Surveillance Systems 

30 Radar surveillance station Ra Radar station 

31 Radar range Radar range 

32.1 Radar reference line Ra Ra 270 deg Radar line 

32.2 Radar reference line coinciding 

with a leading line 

Non-regulated recommended track 

EDVHGRQ¿[HGPDUNV

Direction not encoded 

90 deg One-way 

270 deg Two-way 

Radio Reporting Points 

40.1 

VHF 80 

Radio reporting (calling-in or 

way) points showing direction(s) 

of vessel movement with designation (if any) and VHF-channel 

Nr 13 

ch s74 

Radio calling-in point for 

WUDI¿FLQRQHGLUHFWLRQ

only 

Nr 13 

ch s74 

Radio calling-in point for 

WUDI¿FLQERWKGLUHFWLRQV

Nr 13 

ch s74 

Radio calling-in point, 

direction not encoded 

40.2 Radio reporting line 

Nr 13 

ch s74 

Radio calling-in point for 

WUDI¿FLQRQHGLUHFWLRQ

only 

Nr 13 

ch s74 Radio calling-in point for 

WUDI¿FLQERWKGLUHFWLRQV

Nr 13 

ch s74 Radio calling-in point, 

direction not encoded 

67 
M Tracks, Routes
 

Ferry Ferry 

Ferry route 

Cable Ferry Cable ferry route 

No. INT 

Ferries 

50 

NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

51 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

c 

DW 

DW 83ft DW 76ft 

Description 

Ferry 

Cable Ferry 

Recommended track for deep 

GUDIWYHVVHOVWUDFNQRWGH¿QHG

E\¿[HGPDUNV

Depth is shown where it has 

been obtained by the cognizant 

authority 

Alternate course 

68 
Areas, Limits N 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

General * 

'UHGJHGDQG6ZHSW$UHDVĺ,6XEPDULQH&DEOHV6XEPDULQH3LSHOLQHVĺ/7UDFNV5RXWHVĺ0

1.1 

Maritime limit in general, usually 

implying permanent physical 

obstructions (tint band for 

emphasis) &DXWLRQDUHDDVSHFL¿F

caution note applies 

1.2 

Maritime limit in general, usually 

implying no permanent physical 

obstructions (tint band for 

emphasis) 

2.1 

Limit of restricted area 

RESTRICTED AREA 

Area where entry is 

prohibited or restricted or 

to be avoided Limit of restricted area, with tint 

band for emphasis 

2.2 

† 

Limit of area into which entry is 

prohibited 

PROHIBITED AREA 

PROHIBITED AREA 

Area where entry is 

prohibited or restricted or 

to be avoided, with other 

cautions 

Area where entry is 

prohibited or restricted or 

to be avoided, with other 

information 

Anchorages, Anchorage Areas 

10 5HSRUWHGDQFKRUDJHQRGH¿QHG

limits) 

Anchorage area as a 

point at small scale, or 

anchor points of mooring 

trot at large scale 

11.1 Anchor berths 14 No 1 6 Nr 6 Anchor berth 

11.2 Anchor berths with swinging 

circle 

3 

D17 Radius of swing circle is obtained by 

cursor pick 

* ECDIS represents many types of area limits with just a few different symbols. Information about the type of area and its associated restrictions or prohibitions may be obtained by cursor pick. 

69 
N Areas, Limits
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

12.1 Anchorage area in general 

Anchorage 

Type of anchorage area 

is obtained by cursor 

pick 

12.2 Numbered anchorage area Anchorage

No. 1 

12.3 Name Named anchorage area Neufeld 

Anchorage 

12.4 

Deep water anchorage area, 

Anchorage area for deep draft 

vessels 

DW Anchorage 

12.5 Tanker anchorage area Tanker 

Anchorage 

12.6 Anchorage area for periods up 

to 24 hours 

12.7 Explosives anchorage area EXPLOSIVES ANCHORAGE 

12.8 Quarantine anchorage area 

QUARANTINE 

ANCHORAGE 

QUAR 

ANCH Quarantine 

Anchorage 

12.9 Reserved anchorage area 

Note: Anchors as part of the limit symbol are not shown for small areas. Other types of anchorage areas may be shown. 

13 Seaplane operating area 

SEAPLANE 

LANDING 

AREA 

Seaplane landing area 

14 Anchorage for seaplanes 

Type of anchorage area 

is obtained by cursor 

pick 

70 
Areas, Limits N 


No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Restricted Areas Supplementary national symbols: d, e, g 

20 Anchoring prohibited 

ANCH 

PROHIBITED 

ANCH 

PROHIB 

Area where anchoring is 

prohibited or restricted 

Area where anchoring is 

prohibited or restricted, 

with other cautions 

Area where anchoring is 

prohibited or restricted, 

with other information 

21.1 Fishing prohibited FISH 

PROHIBITED 

FISH 

PROHIB 

$UHDZKHUH¿VKLQJRU

trawling is prohibited or 

restricted 

$UHDZKHUH¿VKLQJRU

trawling is prohibited 

or restricted, with other 

cautions 

$UHDZKHUH¿VKLQJRU

trawling is prohibited 

or restricted, with other 

information 

71 
N Areas, Limits
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

21.2 Diving prohibited Area where diving is 

prohibited 

22.1 Bird sanctuary 

Environmentally 

Sensitive Sea Area 

(ESSA) 

22.2 Seal sanctuary 

Area with minor restrictions or information 

notices 

22.3 

1RQVSHFL¿FQDWXUHUHVHUYH

National parks, Marine Reserves 

(MR) 

22.4 Particularly Sensitive Sea Area 

(PSSA) PSSA 

72 
No. INT NGA Other NGA 

23.1 Explosives 

Dumping 

Ground 

23.2 

24 Dumping Ground 

25 DEGAUSSING 

RANGE 

27 

Military Practice Areas 

30 

31 

† 

Entry 

Prohibited 

32 

33 

34 Minefield 

(see note) 

International Boundaries and National Limits 

40 

CANADA 

UNITED STATES 

Description 

Explosives dumping ground, 

individual mine or explosive 

Explosives dumping ground 

(disused), Foul (explosives) 

Dumping ground for chemical 

waste 

Degaussing range (DG range) 

Maximum speed 

Firing practice area 

Military restricted area, entry 

prohibited 

Mine-laying (and countermeasures) practice area 

Submarine transit lane and 

exercise area 

0LQH¿HOG

International boundary on land 

NOAA 

EXPLOSIVES 


DUMPING AREA
 

EXPLOSIVES 


DUMPING 


AREA DISUSED
 

Dump Site 

DEGAUSSING 

RANGE 

PROHIBITED 


AREA
 

Areas, Limits N 


ECDIS 

Explosives or chemical 

dumping ground as a 

point 

Explosives or chemical 

dumping ground as an 

area 

Degaussing area 

If a speed restriction exists, the speed 

limit is obtained by cursor pick 

SUBMARINE EXERCISE AREA 

Restricted area 

Area where entry is 

prohibited or restricted or 

to be avoided, with other 

cautions 

Restricted area 

0LQH¿HOG

Supplementary national symbols: a, f, h 

Jurisdiction boundary 

Prohibited 


Area
 

73 
N 

74 

Areas, Limits 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

41 

CANADA 

UNITED STATES International maritime boundary Jurisdiction boundary 

42 Straight territorial sea baseline 

with base point 

Straight territorial sea 

baseline 

43 Seaward limit of territorial sea TERRITORIAL SEA Territorial sea 

44 Seaward limit of contiguous zone Contiguous zone 

45 /LPLWVRI¿VKHU\]RQHV /LPLWVRI¿VKHU\]RQH

46 Continental Shelf Limit of continental shelf Continental shelf area 

47 Limit of Exclusive Economic 

Zone (EEZ) 

Exclusive economic 

zone 

48 Customs limit Custom regulations zone 

49 Harbor Limit Harbor limit Harbor Limit Harbor area, symbolized 

Various Limits Supplementary national symbols: a, b 

60.1 (2012) Limit of fast ice, Ice front (with 

date) Continuous pattern for 

an ice area (glacier, etc.) 

60.2 (2012) Limit of sea ice (pack ice) 

seasonal (with date) 

61 

Floating barrier, including log 

ponds, security barriers, ice 

booms, shark nets 

Log boom 

Floating hazard 

Boom, ice boom 

%RRPLFHERRPÀRDWLQJ

obstruction, log pond 

62.1 Spoil ground Spoil Area 

HO information note 

62.2 Spoil ground (disused) Spoil Area Discontinued 
 

Areas, Limits N 


No. INT 

63 Extraction Area 

64 

65 

† 

Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Extraction (dredging) area Dredging area 

Cargo transhipment area 

HO information note 

Incineration area 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

c 

d 

f 

g 

h 

i 

COLREGS demarcation line 

/LPLWRI¿VKLQJDUHD¿VKWUDS

areas) 

Dumping ground Dumping

Ground 

Disposal Area 

Depths from survey 

of 2010

Dumping area (Dump site) 

Reservation line 

(Options) 

Dump site Dump Site

Three Nautical Mile Line THREE NAUTICAL MILE LINE 

No Discharge Zone NO-DISCHARGE ZONE 

92 

85 

75 
 

P Lights
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Light Structures and Major Floating Lights 

0LQRU/LJKW)ORDWVĺ4

1 Lt LtHo Major light, minor light, light, 

lighthouse 

Light, lighthouse, 

paper chart 

2 Lighted offshore platform PLATFORM 

(lighted) 

Lighted offshore 

platform, paper chart 

3 Lighted beacon tower Marker 

(lighted) 

Lighted beacon tower, 

paper chart 

4 Lighted beacon 

Lighted beacon, 

paper chart 

5 Articulated light, buoyant 

beacon, resilient beacon Art 

6 0DMRUÀRDWLQJOLJKWOLJKWYHVVHO

PDMRUOLJKWÀRDW/$1%< Light vessel, paper chart 

1RWH0LQRUOLJKWV¿[HGDQGÀRDWLQJXVXDOO\FRQIRUPWR,$/$0DULWLPH%XR\DJH6\VWHPFKDUDFWHULVWLFV

7 Navigational lights on landmarks 

or other structures 

8 Important light off chart limits 

76 
Lights P
 

No. 

Abbreviation 

Class of light Illustration Period shown ECDIS

INT NOAA 

Light Characters 

/LJKW&KDUDFWHUVRQ/LJKW%XR\Vĺ4

10.1 F F Fixed F 

When text for lights is displayed, 

ECDIS uses INT abbreviations. 

10.2 

Occulting (total duration of light longer than total duration of darkness) 

Oc Oc Single-occulting Oc 

Oc(2) 

Example Oc (2) Group-occulting Oc (2) 

Oc(2+3) 

Example Oc (2+3) Composite group-occulting Oc (2+3) 

10.3 

Isophase (duration of light and darkness equal) 

Iso Iso Isophase Iso 

10.4 

Flashing (total duration of light shorter than total duration of darkness) 

Fl Fl 6LQJOHÀDVKLQJ Fl 

Fl(3) 

Example Fl (3) *URXSÀDVKLQJ Fl (3) 

Fl(2+1) 

Example Fl (2+1) &RPSRVLWHJURXSÀDVKLQJ Fl (2+1) 

10.5 LFl L Fl /RQJÀDVKLQJÀDVKVRUORQJHU L FL 

10.6 

4XLFNUHSHWLWLRQUDWHRIWRXVXDOO\HLWKHURUÀDVKHVSHUPLQXWH

Q Q Continuous quick Q 

Q(3) 

Example Q (3) Group quick Q(3) 

IQ IQ Interrupted quick IQ 

10.7 

9HU\TXLFNUHSHWLWLRQUDWHRIWRXVXDOO\HLWKHURUÀDVKHVSHUPLQXWH

VQ VQ Continuous very quick VQ 

VQ(3) 

Example VQ (3) Group very quick VQ(3) 

IVQ IVQ Interrupted very quick 

10.8 

8OWUDTXLFNUHSHWLWLRQUDWHRIRUPRUHXVXDOO\WRÀDVKHVSHUPLQXWH

UQ UQ Continuous ultra quick 

IUQ IUQ Interrupted ultra quick 

77 
P Lights
 

No. 

Abbreviation 

Class of light Illustration Period shown ECDIS

INT NOAA 

10.9 Mo(K) 

Example Mo (K) Morse Code Mo (K) 

When text for lights is displayed, 

ECDIS uses INT abbreviations. 10.10 FFl F Fl )L[HGDQGÀDVKLQJ

F Fl 

10.11 Al.WR AlWR Alternating W R W R W R Al WR 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

11.1 W White (only on sector and 

alternating lights) Colors of lights shown 

on standard charts 

on multicolored charts 

on multicolored charts 

at sector lights 

Default light symbol if no 

color is encoded or color 

is other than red, green, 

white, yellow, amber, or 

orange 

11.2 R Red 

11.3 G Green 

11.4 Bu Blue Red 

11.5 Vi Violet Green 

11.6 Y Yellow White, yellow, amber or 

orange 

11.7 Y Or Orange 

Sector lights 

11.8 Y Am Amber 

Period 

When text for lights is displayed, 

ECDIS uses INT abbreviations. 

12 2.5s 90s Period in seconds and tenths of 

a second 

Elevation 

3ODQHRIUHIHUHQFHIRU+HLJKWVĺ+7LGDO/HYHOVĺ+

13 12m Elevation of light given in meters 

or feet 36ft 

Range 

14 

15M Light with single range 

15/10M Light with two different ranges 

10M 

only lesser of two 

ranges is charted 

15/10M 

15-7M Light with three or more ranges 

7M 

only least of three 

ranges is charted 

Note: Charted ranges are nominal ranges given in Nautical Miles. 

78 
15 

16 

NGA Other NGA 

Lights P
 

No. INT

Disposition 

Description 

(hor) 

(vert) 

Horizontally disposed 

Vertically disposed 

3 lights disposed in the shape of 

a triangle ( ) ( ) 

Example of a Full Light Description 

INT Example 

Fl(3) 

WKUHHÀDVKHV

WRG 

FRORUVLQGH¿QHGVHFWLRQV

15s
 

21m
 

15-11M 

15 and 11M 

&ODVVRIOLJKWJURXSÀDVKLQJUHSHDWLQJDJURXSRI

Colors: white, red, green, exhibiting the different 

Period: the time taken to exhibit one full sequence of

WKUHHÀDVKHVDQGHFOLSVHVVHFRQGV

Elevation of focal plane above datum: 21 meters 

Nominal range: white 15M, green 11M, red between 

NOAA 

NOAA Example NGA Example 

ft 

Fl(3) 

WRG 

15s 

21ft 

21m 

11M 

15-11M 

&ODVVRIOLJKWJURXSÀDVKLQJUHSHDWLQJDJURXSRI

WKUHHÀDVKHV

Colors: white, red, green, exhibiting the different 

FRORUVLQGH¿QHGVHFWLRQV

Period: the time taken to exhibit one full sequence of

WKUHHÀDVKHVDQGHFOLSVHVVHFRQGV

Elevation of light: 

21 feet 

21 meters 

Nominal range: 

shortest range of all the lights is 11M 

white 15M, green 11M, red between 15 and 11M 

ECDIS 

Disposition of light is obtained by 

cursor pick 

FlR15s21m11M 

The descriptions of non-sector lights are shown 

in ECDIS when the display of text is turned on, as 

shown above. (The aid to navigation or other strucWXUHWKDWLVDOZD\VVKRZQDWWDFKHGWRDOLJKWÀDUHLQ

ECDIS is not depicted here.) 

Sector lights (as described in the INT, NOAA and 

NGA examples at left) are depicted graphically in 

ECDIS, as shown below and in P40. 

The description of a sector light or 

any other type of light may always be 

obtained by cursor pick. 

79 
 

 

P Lights
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Lights Marking Fairways 

Leading Lights and Lights in Line 

20.1 

Leading lights with leading line 

(solid line is the track to be 

followed) and arcs of visibility 

Bearing given in degrees and 

tenths of a degree 

Lts in line 270° 

Leading lights with sectors 

225.3 deg 

20.2 

/HDGLQJOLJKWVPHDQVOLJKWV

in line) 

Bearing given in degrees and 

tenths of a degree 

270 deg Leading lights 

20.3 Leading lights on small scale 

charts 

21 Lights in line, marking the sides 

of a channel 

270 deg 

270 deg 

Lights in line, marking 

the sides of a channel 

22 Rear Lt or Upper Lt Rear or upper light 

23 Front Lt or Lower Lt Front or lower light 

OcROc 

2FlR 

FlG FlG

80 
 

Lights P
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Direction Lights 

30.1 

Direction light with narrow 

sector and course to be followed,

ÀDQNHGE\GDUNQHVVRU

XQLQWHQVL¿HGOLJKW

RED

GREEN 

Directional light with sector 

269 deg 

30.2 

30.3 

Direction light with course to be 

followed, sector(s) uncharted 

Directional light without sector 

165.5 deg 

209 deg 

Fl(2)5s11M Oc12s6M

Direction light with narrow

IDLUZD\VHFWRUÀDQNHGE\OLJKW

sectors of different character on 

standard charts 

Light, directional 

Direction light with narrow

IDLUZD\VHFWRUÀDQNHGE\OLJKW

sectors of different character on 

multicolored charts 

Moiré effect light (day and night), 

arrows show when course 

alteration needed 

270 deg FY Category of light as 

moiré effect is obtained 

by cursor pick 

Note: Quoted bearings are always from seaward. 

30.4 

31 

81 
P Lights
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Sector Lights 

40.1 Sector light on standard charts 

Light, sector 

40.2 Sector light on multicolored 

charts 

41.1 

Sector lights on standard charts, 

the white sector limits marking 

the sides of the fairway 

41.2 

Sector lights on multicolored 

charts, the white sector limits 

marking the sides of the fairway 

82 
Lights P
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

42 

Main light visible all-round with 

red subsidiary light seen over 

danger 

RED 

Light, danger 

43 All-round light with obscured 

sector 

OBSC

Light, obscured 

44 Light with arc of visibility 

deliberately restricted Light, restricted 

45 Light with faint sector Light, faint 

83 
P Lights
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

46 /LJKWZLWKLQWHQVL¿HGVHFWRU

,QWHQVL¿HGOLJKWYLVLELOLW\LVREWDLQHGE\

cursor pick 

/LJKWLQWHQVL¿HG

9 

Lights with Limited Times of Exhibition 

50 

Lights exhibited only when speFLDOO\QHHGHGIRU¿VKLQJYHVVHOV

ferries) and some private lights 

Occas F R (occas) 

Status and condition of light is 

obtained by cursor pick 

51 

Daytime light (charted only 

where the character shown by 

day differs from that shown at 

night) 

F Bu 9m 6M 

(F by day) 

52 Fog light (exhibited only in fog, or 

character changes in fog) 

53 † 

Unwatched (unmanned) light 

with no standby or emergency 

arrangements 

54 (temp) Temporary 

55 (exting) Extinguished 

Special Lights 

)ODUH6WDFNDVVHDĺ/)ODUH6WDFNRQODQGĺ(6LJQDO6WDWLRQVĺ7

60 Aero light (may be unreliable) AERO 

AERO Al WG 7.5s 

108m 13M AERO 

AeroAlFlWG7.5s11M 

Light 

61.1 

† 

Air obstruction light of high 

intensity (e.g. on radio mast) AERO F R 77m 11M AeroFR313m11M Conspicuous mast with 

light 

61.2 Air obstruction light of low 

intensity (e.g. on radio mast) TR (RLts) 

62 Fog Det Lt Fog detector light Category of light is obtained by cursor 

pick 

63 (Illuminated) )ORRGOLWÀRRGOLJKWLQJRID

structure Floodlight 

84 
c 

Lights P
 

No. INT 

64 

65 (priv) 

66 (sync) 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a 

b 

d 

e 

f 

Description 

Strip light 

Private light other than one 

exhibited occasionally 

Synchronized light 

Riprap surrounding light 

Short-Long Flashing 

Group-Short Flashing 

Fixed and Group Flashing 

8QPDQQHGOLJKWYHVVHOOLJKWÀRDW

LANBY, superbuoy as 

navigational aid 

NOAA 

Priv 

NGA Other NGA 

F R (priv) Priv maintd 

ECDIS 

Strip light 

Status of private is obtained by cursor 

pick 

S-L Fl 

G-S Fl 

F Gp Fl 

FLOAT 

85 
 

ECDIS

6LPSOL¿HGDQG7UDGLWLRQDO33DSHU&KDUW ́6\PEROV

ECDIS can be set to display aids to navigation with either traditional “paper chart” or 

VLPSOL¿HGV\PEROV7KHWZRV\PEROVHWVDUHVKRZQEHORZ6RPH(&',6FRORU¿OOWKH

SDSHUFKDUWEXR\VKDSHVEXWWKLVLVQRWUHTXLUHGE\,+2(&',6SRUWUD\DOVSHFL¿FDtions. 

Floating Marks 

Paper Chart 6LPSOL¿HG 6LPSOL¿HG6\PERO1DPH

* Cardinal buoy, north 

* Cardinal buoy, east 

* Cardinal buoy, south 

* Cardinal buoy, west 

'HIDXOWV\PEROIRUEXR\XVHGZKHQQRGH¿QLQJDWWULEXWHV

have been encoded in the ENC) 

* Isolated danger buoy 

Conical lateral buoy, green 

Conical lateral buoy, red 

Can shape lateral buoy, green 

Can shape lateral buoy, red 

Installation buoy and mooring buoy 

** Safe water buoy 

Special purpose buoy, spherical or barrel shaped, or default 

symbol for special purpose buoy 

Special purpose TSS buoy marking the starboard side of the 

WUDI¿FODQH

6SHFLDOSXUSRVH766EXR\PDUNLQJWKHSRUWVLGHRIWKHWUDI¿F

lane 

Special purpose ice buoy or spar or pillar shaped buoy 

Super-buoy ODAS & LANBY 

/LJKWÀRDW

Light vessel 

Fixed Marks 

Paper Chart 

* 

6LPSOL¿HG 6LPSOL¿HG6\PERO1DPH

Cardinal beacon, north 

* Cardinal beacon, east 

* Cardinal beacon, south 

* Cardinal beacon, west 

'HIDXOWV\PEROIRUDEHDFRQXVHGZKHQQRGH¿QLQJ

attributes have been encoded in the ENC) 

Isolated danger beacon 

Major lateral beacon, red 

Major lateral beacon, green 

Minor lateral beacon, green 

Major safe water beacon 

Minor safe water beacon 

Major special purpose beacon 

Minor special purpose beacon 

* Paper chart symbols display various buoy or beacon shape symbols in conjunction with the topmark. 

6LPSOL¿HGSRUWUD\DORQO\GLVSOD\VWKHWRSPDUN



6HYHUDOGLIIHUHQWSDSHUFKDUWV\PEROVFRUUHVSRQGWRWKLVVLPSOL¿HGV\PERO

Day Marks 

Paper Chart 6LPSOL¿HG 6LPSOL¿HG6\PERO1DPH

Square or rectangular daymark 

Triangular daymark, point up 

Triangular daymark, point down 

5HWURUHÀHFWRU

86 
Buoys, Beacons Q
 

No. INT 

Buoys and Beacons 

,$/$0DULWLPH%XR\DJH6\VWHPZKLFKLQFOXGHV%HDFRQVĺ4

Default symbol for buoy, 

paper chart 

Default symbol for buoy, 

VLPSOL¿HG

Default symbol for a 

beacon, paper chart 

Default symbol for a 

EHDFRQVLPSOL¿HG

1 

Colors of Buoys and Beacon Topmarks 

$EEUHYLDWLRQVIRU&RORUVĺ3

2 

Supplementary national symbols: p 

G 

R 

RG 

RW 

5HWURUHÀHFWRU

Fl G Fl R R 

Fl R 

3 

4 

5 

6 

1RWH5HWURUHÀHFWLQJPDWHULDOPD\EH¿WWHGWRVRPHXQOLWPDUNV&KDUWVGRQRWXVXDOO\VKRZLW8QGHU,$/$5HFRPPHQGDWLRQVEODFNEDQGVZLOODSSHDUEOXHXQGHUDVSRWOLJKW

Lighted Marks 

0DUNVZLWK)RJ6LJQDOVĺ5

7 

8 

NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

ECDIS shows the position of buoys and beacons 

with a circle at the bottom of paper chart symbols. 

)RUVLPSOL¿HGV\PEROVWKHSRVLWLRQRIWKHDLG

corresponds with the center of the symbol. 

Description 

Default buoy symbol if no other 

GH¿QLQJDWWULEXWLRQLVSURYLGHG

Default beacon symbol if no 

RWKHUGH¿QLQJDWWULEXWLRQLV

provided 

Position of buoy or beacon 

*UHHQDQGEODFNV\PEROV¿OOHG

black) 

Single color other than green 

and black 

Multiple colors in horizontal 

bands, the color sequence is 

from top to bottom 

Multiple colors in vertical or 

diagonal stripes, the darker color 

LVJLYHQ¿UVW

5HWURUHÀHFWLQJPDWHULDO

Lighted marks on standard 

charts 

Lighted marks on multicolored 

charts 

87 
Q Buoys, Beacons
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

7RSPDUNVDQG5DGDU5HÀHFWRUV

)RU$SSOLFDWLRQRI7RSPDUNVZLWKLQWKH,$/$6\VWHPĺ4)RURWKHUWRSPDUNVVSHFLDOSXUSRVHEXR\VDQGEHDFRQVĺ4

IALA System buoy topmarks 9 (beacon topmarks shown upright) 

Beacon with topmark, color, radar G Ǝ3Ǝ 10 No2 UHÀHFWRUDQGGHVLJQDWLRQ Ra Ref

Buoy with topmark, color, radar 11 No3 UHÀHFWRUDQGGHVLJQDWLRQ

Paper chart symbols for topmarks (on the left, below) 

are always displayed above a buoy or beacon shape 

symbol, as in Q 10 and Q 11. 

6LPSOL¿HGV\PEROVRQWKHULJKWEHORZIRUFDUGLQDO

marks, isolated dangers and safe water consist of 

only the topmark without the buoy shape symbol. 

6LPSOL¿HGV\PERORJ\IRUPDUNVZLWKDQ\RWKHUW\SH

RIWRSPDUNZLOOGLVSOD\RQO\WKHVLPSOL¿HGEXR\RU

beacon shape symbol without a topmark. 

bn No 2 

No 3 by No 3 

2 cones point upward 

2 cones point downward 

2 cones base to base 

2 cones point to point 

2 spheres 

Sphere 

Cone point up 

Cone point down 

Cylinder, square, vertical 

rectangle 

X-shape 

Flag or other shape 

Board, horizontal 

rectangle 

Cube point up 

Upright cross over a 

circle 

T-shape 

Beacon in general with 

topmark, paper chart 

Conical buoy with 

topmark, paper chart 

1RWH5DGDUUHÀHFWRUVRQÀRDWLQJPDUNVXVXDOO\DUHQRWFKDUWHG(&',6GRHVQRWGLVSOD\UDGDUUHÀHFWRUVRQ¿[HGRUÀRDWLQJDLGVWKLVLQIRUPDWLRQLVREWDLQHGE\FXUVRUSLFN

88 
 

 

 

 

 

 

Buoys, Beacons Q
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Buoys 

Shapes of Buoys 

)HDWXUHV&RPPRQWR%XR\VDQG%HDFRQVĺ4±

Paper Chart 6LPSOL¿HG

20 Conical buoy, nun buoy, ogival 

buoy N Conical buoy 

21 Can buoy or cylindrical buoy C Can buoy 

22 Spherical buoy SP Spherical buoy 

23 Pillar buoy P Pillar buoy 

24 Spar buoy, spindle buoy S Spar buoy 

25 Barrel buoy, tun buoy Barrel buoy 

26 Superbuoy 

Super-buoy 

Lanby, super-buoy 

Super-buoy odas & lanby 

Minor Light Floats 

30 /LJKWÀRDWDVSDUWRI,$/$6\VWHP /LJKWÀRDW

31 † 

/LJKWÀRDWQRWSDUWRI,$/$

System /LJKWÀRDW

89 
Q Buoys, Beacons
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Mooring Buoys Supplementary national symbols: m, n 

2LORU*DV,QVWDOODWLRQ%XR\ĺ/

40 Mooring buoys 

Mooring buoy, can 

shape, paper chart 

Mooring buoy, barrel 

shape, paper chart 

Installation buoy and 

PRRULQJEXR\VLPSOL¿HG

41 Lighted mooring buoy (example) Fl Y 2s Mooring buoy with light

ÀDUHEDUUHOVKDSHSDSHU

chart 

42 Trot, mooring buoys with ground 

tackle and berth numbers Nr 1 

Trot, mooring buoys with 

ground tackle and berth 

numbers 

43 Mooring buoy with telegraphic or 

telephonic communication 

Tel Tel 

Tel = telegraphic 

Mooring buoy, can 

shape, paper chart 

Mooring buoy, barrel 

shape, paper chart 

T T 

T = telephonic Installation buoy and 

PRRULQJEXR\VLPSOL¿HG

44 Numerous moorings (example) 

Numerous 

mooring 

buoys 

(5 buoys) 

Moorings Small craft mooring area 

45 V Visitors’ mooring 

Availability of visitor 

moorings at marina is 

obtained by cursor pick 

90 
Buoys, Beacons Q
 

Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

91 

No. INT 

Special Purpose Buoys 

Note: Shapes of buoys are variable. Lateral or Cardinal buoys may be used in some situations. 

50 

51 

52 

53 

54 DG 

55 Cable 

56 

Purpose of buoy and other information 

is obtained by cursor pick 

Firing danger area (Danger 

Zone) buoy 

Conical buoy with 

topmark, paper chart 

Target 

Marker Ship 

Barge 

Degaussing Range buoy 

Special purpose buoy, 

spherical or barrel 

shaped, or default 

symbol for special 

SXUSRVHEXR\VLPSOL¿HG

Cable buoy 7HO

Spoil ground buoy 

Buoy marking outfall 

ODAS buoy (Ocean Data 

Acquisition System), data 

collecting buoy 

ODAS ODAS 

Super-buoy, paper chart 

Super-buoy odas & 

ODQE\VLPSOL¿HG

Spherical buoy, paper 

chart 

Spherical buoy, simpli­

¿HG

Buoy marking wave recorder or 

current meter 

Conical buoy with 

topmark, paper chart 

Special purpose buoy, 

spherical or barrel 

shaped, or default 

symbol for special 

SXUSRVHEXR\VLPSOL¿HG

Seaplane anchorage buoy AERO Conical buoy, paper 

chart 

%XR\PDUNLQJWUDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQ

scheme 

Buoy marking recreation zone Conical buoy with 

topmark, paper chart 

BuY Emergency wreck marking buoy 

(EWMB) 

57 

58 

59 

60 

61 

62 

63 Al.Oc.BuY.3s 

BuY 
 

Q Buoys, Beacons
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

Seasonal Buoys 

70 

71 

Beacons 

/LJKWHG%HDFRQVĺ3)HDWXUHV&RPPRQWR%HDFRQVDQG%XR\Vĺ4±

80 

81 

82 

Beacon in general, 

characteristics unknown or chart 

scale too small to show 

Bn Bn G 

Bn R 

Default symbol for a 

beacon, paper chart 

Default symbol for a 

EHDFRQVLPSOL¿HG

Beacon in general, paper 

chart 

Beacon with color, no distinctive 

topmark 

R RW 

G Bn

Beacon color is obtained by cursor 

pick 

Beacons with colors and 

topmarks (examples) 

Beacon color is obtained by cursor 

pick 

See note at Q 9 for information about topmarks and 

(&',6VLPSOL¿HGV\PERORJ\

Beacon in general with 

topmark, paper chart 

Major red lateral beacon, 

VLPSOL¿HG

Beacon in general with 

topmark, paper chart 

Cardinal beacon, north, 

VLPSOL¿HG

Beacon in general with 

topmark, paper chart 

Isolated danger beacon, 

VLPSOL¿HG

Beacon on submerged rock with 

colors (topmark as appropriate) 

Beacon in general with 

topmark, paper chart 

Isolated danger beacon, 

VLPSOL¿HG

83 

(occas) 

Buoy privately maintained Y Status as private is obtained by cursor 3ULY (example) pick (01.04.– Y 31.10.) 

Status as periodic and period start and Seasonal buoy (example) stop dates are obtained by cursor pick 

Supplementary national symbols: o 

92 
 

 

 

Buoys, Beacons Q
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Minor Impermanent Marks Usually in Drying Areas (Lateral Marks of Minor Channels) 

0LQRU3LOHĺ)

90 Stake, pole 

Stake Stake 

Pole Pole 

† 

† R 

Minor, stake or pole 

beacon, paper chart 

91 

Port Hand Starboard Hand 

Perch, withy R 

Minor, stake or pole 

beacon, paper chart 

Minor red lateral beacon, 

VLPSOL¿HG

92 † † Withy Minor green lateral 

EHDFRQVLPSOL¿HG

Minor Marks, Usually on Land 

/DQGPDUNVĺ(

100 Cairn Cairn CAIRN Conspicuous cairn 

101 Colored or white mark 

Square or rectangular 

day mark, paper chart 

Square or rectangular 

GD\PDUNVLPSOL¿HG

Triangular day mark, 

point up, paper chart 

Triangular day mark, 

SRLQWXSVLPSOL¿HG

Triangular day mark, 

point down, paper chart 

Triangular day mark, 

SRLQWGRZQVLPSOL¿HG

102.1 † 

Colored topmark (color known 

or unknown) with function of a 

beacon 

102.2 † 

Painted boards with function of 

leading beacons 

93 
Q Buoys, Beacons
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Beacon Towers 

110 Beacon towers without and with 

topmarks and colors (examples) 

RW 

Bn 

Beacon tower, paper 

chart 

Beacon tower with 

topmarks, paper chart 

Major red lateral beacon, 

VLPSOL¿HG

Major green lateral 

EHDFRQVLPSOL¿HG

111 Lattice beacon Lattice beacon, paper 

chart 

Special Purpose Beacons 

/HDGLQJ/LQHV&OHDULQJ/LQHVĺ0

Note: Topmarks and colors shown where scale permits. 

120 Leading beacons Bns in 

line 270° 270 deg Leading beacons 

121 Beacons marking a clearing line Bns in 

line 270° 270 deg Beacons marking a 

clearing line or transit 

122 Beacons marking measured 

distance with quoted bearings 

COURSE 270°00' 

MARKERS 

MARKERS 

TRUE 

270 deg 

270 deg 

Beacons marking 

measured distance 

123 Cable landing beacon (example) W 

Cable landing beacon 

(example) 

124 Refuge beacon 

3XUSRVHDVUHIXJHRU¿ULQJGDQJHU

area beacon is obtained by cursor pick

125 Firing danger area beacons 

126 Notice board Notice board 

94 
Buoys, Beacons Q
 

IALA Maritime Buoyage System 

IALA International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities 

Where in force, the IALA System applies to all fixed and floating marks except landfall lights, leading lights and marks, sectored lights and major floating lights. The standard buoy shapes are cylindrical (can) , 

conical , spherical , pillar , and spar , but variations may occur, for example: light floats . In the illustrations in Q 130.1, only the standard buoy shapes are used. In the case of fixed beacons (lit 

or unlit), only the shape of the topmark is of navigational significance. Lateral marks are generally for well-defined channels. 

There are two international buoyage regions where lateral marks differ. Region A is primarily comprised of the waters surrounding Greenland, Africa, Europe, Australia and Asia (except for Japan, the Republic of 

Korea and the Philippines). Region B is primarily comprised of the waters surrounding North and South America, Japan, the Republic of Korea and the Philippines. 

130 

ECDIS marks the boundary between IALA regions A and B with this symbol: 

180° 150°W 120°W 90°W 60°W 30°W 0° 30°E 60°E 90°E 120°E 150°E 180° 

60°N 60°N 

30°N 30°N 

B Japan

B Republic of Korea 130.1 Philippines 

0° 0° 

A 

30°S 30°S 

A 

60°S 60°S 

180° 150°W 120°W 90°W 60°W 30°W 0° 30°E 60°E 90°E 120°E 150°E 180° 

95 
 

Q Buoys, Beacons
 

130.1 

INT 

Port-hand marks are red with 

cylindrical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is red. 

Starboard-hand marks are green

with conical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is green. 

REGION A 

R 

R 

R 

G

G 

G 

RGR 

G 

R 

G 

G 

R G 

G 

R 

R 

R 

G 

GRG 

Port-hand marks are green with

cylindrical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is green. 

Starboard-hand marks are red 

with conical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is red. 

REGION B 

R 

GRG RGR 

R 

R 

R G 

G G G 

G 

Fl R 

Fl R 

Fl(2+1)G 

Fl G Fl G 

Fl G 

Fl G 

Fl G 

Fl R 

Fl R 

Fl(2+1)R 

Fl R 

R 

If lit, lights on port-hand and starboard-hand marks may 

KDYHDQ\UK\WKPVSHFL¿HGH[FHSW)OZKLFKLVXVHG

for preferred channel aids. 

All preferred channel marks have horizontal bands of 

color; the top color indicates the preferred channel. 

A preferred channel buoy may be a can or conical shape 

to indicate the preferred channel (in addition to the top 

color band), but may also have a pillar or spar shape. 

NOAA 

REGION A REGION B 

R 

C 

R 

Fl R 

R 

Fl R 

R 

S 

G 

N 

G 

N 

G 

Fl G G 

Fl G 

GR 

Fl(2+1)G 

RG 

C 

R 

C 

R 

C 

G 

N G 

P 

G 

Fl G 

G 

C R 

N 

RG 

Fl(2+1)R 

G 

Fl G 

R 

N 

R 

Fl R 

G 

Fl G 

G 

S 

GR 

C 

R 

Fl R 

R 

Fl R 

G 

C 

R 

N R 

S 

G 

C 

Port-hand marks are red with 

cylindrical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is red. 

Starboard-hand marks are green

with conical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is green. 

Port-hand marks are green with

cylindrical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is green. 

Starboard-hand marks are red 

with conical topmarks (if any).

If lit, light is red. 

Direction of Buoyage: The direction of buoyage is that taken when approaching a harbor from seaward. Along coasts, the direction is determined by buoyage authorities, normally clockwise around land masses. 

130.2 

INT 

Symbols showing direction of buoyage where it is not obvious 

General symbol for direction of buoyage IALA Region A 

on multicolored charts 

IALA Region B 

on multicolored charts 

ECDIS General symbol for direction of buoyage IALA Region A IALA Region B 

96 
Buoys, Beacons Q
 

No. INT 

Cardinal Marks: indicating navigable water to the named side of the marks. In the illustration below all marks are the same in Regions A and B. 

VQ 

or Q 

N 

NE

NW 

130.3 

BYB 

VQ(3)5s 

or Q(3)10s YBY 

VQ(9)10s 

or Q(9)15s 

Point of 

interest 

BY BY 

W E 

Black above yellow 

YBY YBY YB YB BYB BYB

Black with 

yellow band 

Yellow with Yellow above black 

black band 

YB 

VQ(6)+LFl.10s 

or Q(6)+LFl.15s 

S 

SW 

SE 

Topmark: 2 black cones 

Light: White 

The same abbreviations are used for lights on 

spar buoys and beacons. 

The periods 5s, 10s, and 15s may not always 

be charted. 

0 5 10 15 Time (seconds) 

Period 

Cardinal marks are seldom used in U.S. waters 

and do not appear on NOAA charts, except for 

charts that also depict Canadian waters. 

ECDIS 

N 

W E 

S 

Paper chart symbology 

N 

W E 

S 

6LPSOL¿HGV\PERORJ\

97 
 

Q Buoys, Beacons
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

130.4 BRB BRB 

BRB BRB Fl(2) 

Isolated Danger Marks stationed 

over dangers with navigable 

water around them 

Body: black with red horizontal 

band(s) 

Topmark: 2 black spheres 

Light: white 

BR 

Pillar buoy with 2 

spheres topmark 

Spar buoy with 2 

spheres topmark 

Isolated danger buoy, 

VLPSOL¿HG

130.5 

RW RW 

RW RW

130.6 

RW 

RW 

Iso or 

Oc or 

LFl.10s or 

Mo(A) 

Safe Water Marks such as 

mid-channel and landfall marks 

Body: red and white vertical 

stripes 

Topmark (if any): red sphere 

Light: white 

RW 

Spherical buoy, paper 

chart 

Pillar buoy with sphere 

topmark 

Spar buoy with sphere 

topmark 

Safe water buoy, 

VLPSOL¿HG

Fl.Y 

Y 

Y Y

BuY* 

Al.Oc.BuY.3s* 

Y 

Y Y

BuY* 

Y 

Y 

Special Marks not primarily to 

assist navigation but to indicate 

special features 

Body (shape optional): yellow* 

Topmark (if any): yellow x or 

upright cross 

Lights: yellow, rhythm optional* 

*in special cases yellow may be 

in conjunction with another color 

Y 

Spherical buoy, 

paper chart 

Can buoy 

Conical buoy 

Spar buoy with x-shape 

topmark 

Special purpose buoy, 

VLPSOL¿HG

98 
Buoys, Beacons Q
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a Bell buoy BELL BELL 

b Gong buoy GONG GONG 

c Whistle buoy WHIS WHIS 

d Fairway buoy (red and white 

vertical stripe) RW 

e Mid-channel buoy (red and white 

vertical stripe) RW 

f Starboard-hand buoy (entering 

from seaward - US waters) 

R 

ƎƎ

g Port-hand buoy (entering from 

seaward - US waters) ƎƎ G 

ƎƎ

h 

Bifurcation/Junction buoys RG GR 

Isolated danger, Wreck or 

Obstruction buoy BR 

i Fish trap (area) buoy Y 

j Anchorage buoy (marks limits) Y 

l 

Triangular shaped beacons R RG 

Bn 

Square shaped beacons G GR 

Bn 

B 

Bn 

W 

Bn 

Beacon, color unknown Bn 

o Lighted beacon Bn 

q Security barrier Security barrier 

r 6FLHQWL¿FPRRULQJEXR\

s Float (unlighted) 

t White and blue buoy WBuW 

99 
R Fog Signals
 

No. INT 

General 

)RJ'HWHFWRU/LJKWĺ3)RJ/

1 

Types of Fog Signals, with Abbreviations 

10 Explos 

11 Dia 

12 Siren 

13 Horn 

14 Bell 

15 Whis 

16 Gong 

Examples of Fog Signal Descriptions 

Note: The fog signal symbol will usually be omitted when a description of the signal is given. 

20 

Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

LJKWĺ3

AIS Position of fog signal, type of fog 

signal not stated Fog Sig 

Position of a 

conspicuous point 

feature with fog signal 

Lighted pillar buoy, paper 

chart with fog signal 

Lighted super-buoy, 

paper chart with fog 

signal 

Supplementary national symbol: a 

Explosive GUN 

Type of fog signal and its 

characteristics are obtained by cursor 

pick 

Diaphone ',$

Siren SIREN 

Horn (nautophone, reed, tyfon) HORN 

Bell BELL 

Whistle :+,67/(

Gong GONG 

Siren at a lighthouse, giving a 

long blast followed by a short 

one (N), repeated every 60 

seconds 

Fl 3s 70m 29M 

SIREN Mo(N) 60s 

Fl 3s 70m 29M 

SIREN Light with fog signal 

Wave-actuated bell buoy BELL BELL 

Pillar buoy, paper chart 

with fog signal 

Light buoy, with horn giving a 

single blast every 15 seconds, in 

conjunction with a wave-actuated 

whistle 

Q(6)+LFl 15s 

HORN(1) 15s 

WHIS 

Q(6)+LFl 15s 

HORN WHIS 

Paper Chart 6LPSOL¿HG

Lighted pillar buoy, paper 

chart with fog signal 

Morse Code fog signal Mo 

21 

22 

Supplementary National Symbol 

a 

100 
 

 

Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems S
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Radar 

5DGDU6WUXFWXUHV)RUPLQJ/DQGPDUNVĺ(5DGDU6XUYHLOODQFH6\VWHPVĺ0

1 

Coast radar station, providing 

range and bearing service on 

request 

Ra Radio station 

2 

3.1 

† 

3.2 

† 

3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

Ramark, radar beacon 

transmitting continuously Ramark 

Radar transponder 

beacon 

Radar transponder beacon, with 

PRUVHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVSRQGLQJ

within the 3 cm (X) band † 

RACON 

Radar transponder beacon, with 

PRUVHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVSRQGLQJ

within the 10 cm (S) band 

Radar transponder beacon, with 

PRUVHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQ

Racon (Z) 

(3 & 10 cm) 

Radar transponder beacon with 

sector of obscured reception 

Radar transponder beacon with 

sector of reception 

Leading radar transponder 

beacons ( ‡ : objects in line) 

Leading radar transponder 

beacons coincident with leading 

lights 

Radar transponder beacons on

ÀRDWLQJPDUNV

RACON (–) 

5ƎƎ

Fl R 4s 

Racon 

Paper Chart 6LPSOL¿HG

Radar transponder on

ÀRDWLQJPDUN

5DGDUUHÀHFWRU Ra Ref Symbol indicating this 

object is radar 

conspicuous Radar conspicuous feature Ra (conspic) 

3.6 

4 

5 

101 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

S Radar, Radio, Satellite Navigation Systems
 

No. INT 

Radio 

5DGLR6WUXFWXUHV)RUPLQJ/DQGPDUNVĺ(5DGLR5HSRUWLQJ&DOOLQJLQRU:D\SRLQWVĺ0

10 † 

11 

† 

† 

12 † 

Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Circular (non-directional) marine 

or aeromarine radiobeacon † RC 

† R Bn 

Directional radiobeacon with 

bearing line † RD 

RD 270° 

Radio station 

Directional radiobeacon 

coincident with leading lights 

Rotating pattern radiobeacon † RW 

Additional information regarding radio, 

such as category of radio station, 

signal frequency, communication channel, call sign, estimated signal range, 

periodicity and status may be included 

in the cursor pick. 

The presence of an AIS transmitted 

signal intended for use as an aid to 

navigation associated with a physical 

aid, including the AIS MMSI Number, 

can be obtained by cursor pick on the 

physical aid. 

Consol beacon 

† 

CONSOL Bn 

190 kHz 

MMF † CONSOL 

5DGLRGLUHFWLRQ¿QGLQJVWDWLRQ RDF 

Coast radio station providing 

QTG service † R Sta 

† R 

Aeronautical radiobeacon 

† AERO R Bn 

$XWRPDWLF,GHQWL¿FDWLRQ6\VWHP

transmitter 

$XWRPDWLF,GHQWL¿FDWLRQ6\VWHP

WUDQVPLWWHURQÀRDWLQJPDUNV

(examples) 

Virtual AIS (with unknown IALAGH¿QHGIXQFWLRQ

Virtual AIS (with known IALAGH¿QHGIXQFWLRQ V-AIS 

North cardinal virtual aid 

WGS84 World Geodetic System, 1972 

or 1984 

Note: A note may be shown to indicate the shifts of latitude and longitude, to one, two or three decimal places of a minute, depending on the chart scale, which should be made to satellite-derived positions (which are 

Station providing DGPS 

corrections DGPS DGPS reference station 

13 † 

14 

15 † 

16 † 

17.1 

17.2 

18.1 V-AIS 

18.2 V-AIS 

Satellite Navigation Systems 

50 

WGS WGS72 

referred to WGS 84) to relate them to the chart. 

51 

102 
Services T
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS 

Pilotage 

1.1 Boarding place, position of a pilot 

cruising vessel Pilots Pilot boarding place 

1.2 

Boarding place, position of a pilot 

cruising vessel, with name (e.g. 

District, Port) 

Name 

(see note) 

Pilots 

Pilot boarding area 1.3 

Boarding place, position of a pilot 

cruising vessel, with note (e.g. 

Tanker, Disembarkation) 

1.4 Pilots transferred by helicopter 

2 † 

3LORWRI¿FHZLWKSLORWORRNRXW

Pilot lookout station 

3 3LORWRI¿FH PIL STA 

4 Port with pilotage service 

(boarding place not shown) 

Coast Guard, Rescue 

10 Coast Guard station 

CG 

Coast guard station 

R TR 

CG WALLIS

 SANDS 

11 Coast Guard station with Rescue 

station 

Coast guard station 

Rescue station 

12 Rescue station, Lifeboat station, 

Rocket station LS S 

13 Lifeboat lying at a mooring Rescue station

14 Refuge for shipwrecked mariners 

Signal Stations 

20 Signal station in general SS Sig Sta 

Signal station 

21 Signal station, showing 

LQWHUQDWLRQDOSRUWWUDI¿FVLJQDOV

22 7UDI¿FVLJQDOVWDWLRQ3RUWHQWU\

and departure signals 

23 Port control signal station HECP 

103 
 

T Services
 

No. INT Description NOAA ECDIS 

24 Lock signal station 

Signal station 

25.1 Bridge passage signal station 

25.2 † 

%ULGJHOLJKWVLQFOXGLQJWUDI¿F

signals 

26 Distress signal station 

27 Telegraph station 

28 Storm signal station S Sig Sta 

29 

Weather signal station, Wind 

signal station, National Weather 

Service (NWS) signal station 

NWS SIG STA 

30 Ice signal station 

31 Time signal station 

32.1 Tide scale or gauge 

32.2 Automatically recording tide 

gauge 

33 Tide signal station 

34 Tidal stream signal station 

35 Danger signal station 

36 Firing practice signal station 

Supplementary National Symbols 

a Bell (on land) BELL 

b Marine police station MARINE POLICE 

c Fireboat station FIREBOAT STATION 

d Notice board 

e Lookout station; Watch tower LOOK TR 

f Semaphore Sem 

g Park Ranger station 

NGA Other NGA 

Tide Gauge 

104 
 

Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities U
 

No. INT Description NOAA NGA Other NGA ECDIS

Small Craft (Leisure) Facilities 

7UDI¿F)HDWXUHV%ULGJHVĺ'3XEOLF%XLOGLQJV&UDQHVĺ)3LORWV&RDVW*XDUG5HVFXH6LJQDO6WDWLRQVĺ7

Marina facilities 

a 

† 

NO 

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5 (&+2%$<5(6257 35 35 %0 S 0 0 H )/& 76/3 :' C WI GH BT G 

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105 
Index of Abbreviations
 

Note: INT abbreviations are in bold type
 

A
 

abt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .About . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D i 
 

AERO, Aero . . . . . . . .Aeronautical light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 60-61.1
 

Aero R Bn. . . . . . . . . .Aeronautical radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 16
 

Aero RC ...........Aeronautical radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 16
 

AIS ...............$XWRPDWLF,GHQWL¿FDWLRQ6\VWHP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 17.1-17.2
 

Al ................Alternating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.11
 

ALC ..............Articulated Loading Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12
 

Am ...............Amber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.8 
 

anc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ancient ............................................
 

ANCH, Anch . . . . . . . .Anchorage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 20 
 

ANT, Ant . . . . . . . . . . .Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31 
 

approx. . . . . . . . . . . . .Approximate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Apprs .............Approaches ........................................
 

Apr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .April ..............................................
 

Apt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Apartment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E s
 

Arch ..............Archipelago. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


ASL ..............Archipelagic Sea Lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 17
 

ATBA. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Area To Be Avoided . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 29.1
 

Aug ...............August ............................................
 

auth ...............Authorized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 46.2
 

Ave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Avenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


B
 

B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bay, bayou .........................................
 

B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2 
 

Bdy Mon ...........Boundary mark (monument). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 24
 

Bk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


bk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J as
 

bk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 33
 

Bkw ...............Breakwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 4.1 
 

Bl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.4 
 

bl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J as
 

BM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bench mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 23 
 

Bn, Bns ...........Beacon(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 2, P 4-5, Q 80-81
 

BnTr, BnTrs . . . . . . . .Beacon tower(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3, Q 110 
 

Bo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Boulder(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.2 
 

Bol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bollard ............................................
 

Br ................Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 17 
 

br . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J az 
 

brg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 62
 

brk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 33 
 

Bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.4 
 

C 

C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Can, cylindrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 21
 

C. ................Cape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


c .................Coarse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 32
 

Ca, ca . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calcareous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 38 
 

CALM . . . . . . . . . . . . .Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16 
 

Cap ...............Capitol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E t 
 

Cas ...............Castle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 34.2
 

Cb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cobbles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 8
 

cbl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 46 
 

cd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Candela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 54 
 

Cem . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cemetery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 19 
 

CG ...............Coast Guard station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 10 
 

Ch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chocolate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ba
 

Ch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.1
 

Chan. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Channel ...........................................
 

Chem .............Chemical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.1-40.2
 

CHY, Chy, Chys . . . . .Chimney(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 22 
 

Cir. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cirripedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ae 
 

Ck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J f 
 

CL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 20-21, 26, 28
 

Cl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 3 
 

cm ...............Centimeter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 43 
 

Cn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J p
 

Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E u 
 

Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coralline Algae ..................................... J 10, K 16
 

Co Hd . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coral Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J i 
 

Co rf . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coral reef ..........................................
 

COLREGS .........International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea . . . . N a 
 

Consol . . . . . . . . . . . .Consol Beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 13 
 

constr .............Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 32
 

Corp ..............Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E v 
 

cov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Covers ............................................ L21.2
 

cps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cycles per second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B j 
 

Cr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Creek .............................................
 

CRD . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Columbia River Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H j
 

crs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coarse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 32 
 

c/s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Cycles per second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B j 
 

Cswy. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Causeway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 3
 

Ct Ho . . . . . . . . . . . . .Courthouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E o 
 

Cup ...............Cupola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.4
 

Cus Ho ............Customs house. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 61
 

Cy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 3 
 

106 
D 

D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Destroyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


dec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Decayed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J an
 

Dec ...............December. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Deg ...............Degree(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B n 
 

Destr. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Destroyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


dev . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Deviation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 67
 

DF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Direction Finder .....................................
 

DG ...............Degaussing Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 25, Q 54
 

DGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Differential Global Positioning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 51 
 

Di . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Diatoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aa 
 

DIA, Dia ...........Diaphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 11
 

Dir. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Direction light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 30-31
 

Discol .............Discolored. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K e
 

dist ...............Distant ............................................
 

dk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bd 
 

dm ...............Decimeter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 42 
 

Dn, Dns ...........Dolphin(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 20 
 

Dol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dolphin(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 20
 

DW ...............Deep Water route ................................... M 27.1, N 12.4
 

DZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Danger Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50 
 

E
 

E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 10 
 

ED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Existence Doubtful. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 1
 

EEZ ...............Exclusive Economic Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 47 
 

Entr ...............Entrance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


ESSA .............Environmentally Sensitive Sea Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
 

Est . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Estuary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


exper. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Experimental. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Explos ............Explosive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 10
 

Exting, exting .......Extinguished. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 55
 

F
 

F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fixed ............................................. P 10.1
 

f .................Fine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 30 
 

F Fl ...............)L[HGDQGÀDVKLQJ .................................. P 10.10
 

F Gp Fl . . . . . . . . . . . .Fixed and Group Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P f 
 

Facty. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Factory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E d 
 

FAD ..............Fish Aggregating Device .............................
 

Fd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fjord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Feb ...............February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


FISH . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 21 
 

Fl ................Flashing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.4
 

À ................ .Flood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H q
 

Fla ...............Flare stack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 11 
 

Index of Abbreviations 

Note: INT abbreviations are in bold type 

À\ ................Flinty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ao
 

fm, fms ............Fathom(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 48
 

fne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 30
 

Fog Det Lt .........Fog detector light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 62
 

Fog Sig . . . . . . . . . . . .Fog Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 1 
 

FP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flagpole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27 
 

FPSO .............)ORDWLQJ3URGXFWLRQ6WRUDJHDQG2IÀRDGLQJ9HVVHO . . . . . . L 17 
 

Fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Foraminifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J y
 

Fs, FS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Flagstaff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27
 

Fsh stks ...........Fishing stakes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 44.1
 

FT, ft . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Foot, Feet ......................................... B 47, D 20
 

Fu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Fucus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J af 
 

G 

G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 6 
 

G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Green ............................................. P11.3, Q 2
 

G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gulf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


GAB, Gab . . . . . . . . . .Gable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E i 
 

GCLWD . . . . . . . . . . .Gulf Coast Low Water Datum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H k
 

Gl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Globigerina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J z 
 

glac ...............Glacial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ap
 

gn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J av 
 

Govt Ho ...........Government House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E m 
 

Gp Fl. . . . . . . . . . . . . .*URXSÀDVKLQJ ...................................... P 10.4
 

Gp Oc . . . . . . . . . . . . .Group occulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.2
 

GPS ..............Global Positioning System ...........................
 

Grd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J a 
 

Grs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Grass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J v 
 

grt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gross Register Tonnage .............................
 

GT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gross Tonnage .....................................
 

gty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gritty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J am
 

gy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bb 
 

H
 

H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.4 
 

h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 39
 

h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 49
 

HAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Highest Astronomical Tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 3 
 

Hbr Mr. . . . . . . . . . . . .Harbormaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 60 
 

HHW. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Higher High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H b 
 

Hk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hulk .............................................. F34, K 21, 22
 

Ho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .House .............................................
 

hor ...............Horizontally disposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15 
 

Hor CL ............Horizontal clearance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 21
 

Hosp . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hospital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E g, F 62.2
 

hr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 49 
 

107 
Index of Abbreviations
 

Note: INT abbreviations are in bold type
 

hrd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 39 
 

ht. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H p 
 

HW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H a 
 

HWF&C ...........High Water Full & Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H h 
 

Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hertz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B g
 

I
 

IALA ..............International Association of Lighthouse Authorities*. . . . . . . . . . Q 130
 

IHO ...............International Hydrographic Organization ..................
 

illum ..............Illuminated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 63 
 

IMO ...............International Maritime Organization ......................
 

In. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Inlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


in, ins .............Inch(es). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B c
 

Inst ...............Institute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E n
 

INT ...............International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 2, T 21 
 

Intens . . . . . . . . . . . . .,QWHQVL¿HG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 46 
 

IQ ................Interrupted quick ................................... P 10.6
 

ISLW . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Indian Spring Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H g 
 

Iso ...............Isophase .......................................... P 10.3
 

ITZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,QVKRUH7UDI¿F=RQH .................................. M 25.1
 

IUQ ...............Interrupted ultra quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.8
 

IVQ ...............Interrupted very quick ............................... P 10.7
 

J
 

Jan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .January. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Jul. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .July . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Jun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .June ..............................................
 

K
 

K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kelp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J u 
 

kc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kilocycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B k
 

kHz ...............Kilohertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B h 
 

km ...............Kilometer(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 40
 

kn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Knot(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 52
 

L
 

L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lake, loch, lough ....................................
 

L Fl .............../RQJÀDVKLQJ ...................................... P 10.5
 

La . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lava . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J l 
 

Lag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lagoon ............................................
 

LANBY . . . . . . . . . . . .Large Automatic Navigational Buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6
 

LASH .............Lighter Aboard Ship .................................
 

LAT...............Lowest Astronomical Tide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 2
 

Lat ...............Latitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 1 
 

Ldg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Landing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 17
 

Ldg ...............Leading Lights ..................................... P 20.3
 

Le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ledge .............................................
 

LLW . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lower Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H e 
 

Lndg. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Landing for boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 17
 

LNG ............../LTXH¿HG1DWXUDO*DV ...............................
 

LoLo ..............Load-on, Load-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Long. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Longitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 2 
 

LPG ............../LTXH¿HG3HWUROHXP*DV .............................
 

Lrg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ai 
 

LS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Life saving station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12
 

lt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bc 
 

Lt Ho. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Light house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1 
 

Lt, Lt(s) ...........Light(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1 
 

Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E r 
 

LW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H c 
 

LWD . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Low Water Datum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H d
 

LWF&C . . . . . . . . . . . .Low Water Full and Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H i
 

M
 

M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mud, muddy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 2 
 

M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nautical mile(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45 
 

m ................Medium (in relation to sand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 31 
 

m ................Meter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 41 
 

m ................Minute(s) of time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 50
 

Ma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mattes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ag 
 

mag ...............Magnetic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 61
 

Magz. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E l 
 

Maintd. . . . . . . . . . . . .Maintained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 65 
 

Mar ...............March .............................................
 

Mc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Megacycles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B l
 

Mds ...............Madrepores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J j 
 

MHHW ............Mean Higher High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 13 
 

MHLW. . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Higher Low Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 14
 

MHW. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 5 
 

MHWN ............Mean High Water Neaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 11 
 

MHWS ............Mean High Water Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 9 
 

Mi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nautical mile(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45
 

min . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Minimum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 46.2
 

min ...............Minute(s) of time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 50
 

Mk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 101
 

Ml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Marl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J c
 

MLHW. . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Lower High Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 15
 

MLLW . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Lower Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 12 
 

MLW . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 4 
 

*Now known as the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, the organization formerly called the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities/Association Internationale de Signalisation Maritime (IALA/AISM) continues to use IALA as an abbreviation for its full name. 

108 
MLWN. . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Low Water Neaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 10
 

MLWS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Low Water Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 8
 

mm ...............Millimeter(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 44 
 

Mn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Manganese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J q 
 

Mo ...............Morse Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.9, R 20
 

MON, Mon .........Monument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24 
 

MR ...............Marine Reserve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22 
 

MRCC. . . . . . . . . . . . .Maritime Rescue and Coordination Center ..............
 

Ms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mussels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J s 
 

MSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mean Sea Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 6 
 

Mt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mountain, Mount .....................................
 

Mth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mouth .............................................
 

MTL...............Mean Tide Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H f 
 

N
 

N. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .North . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 9 
 

N. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20
 

NE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 13
 

NGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . .National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency ..................
 

NM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nautical miles(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45 
 

NMi ...............Nautical miles(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45 
 

No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Number ........................................... N 12.2
 

NOAA .............National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. . . . . . . . . . . 


NOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .National Ocean Service ...............................
 

Nov ...............November. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Np. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Neap tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 17 
 

NT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Net Tonnage .......................................
 

NTM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Notice to Mariners ...................................
 

NW ...............Northwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 15 
 

NWS SIG STA ......National weather service signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 29
 

O
 

Obs Spot ...........Observation spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 21 
 

OBSC, Obscd ......Obscured. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 43
 

Obstn . . . . . . . . . . . . .Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 41
 

Oc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Occulting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.2
 

Occas. . . . . . . . . . . . .Occasional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50 
 

Oct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .October. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


ODAS . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ocean Data Acquisition System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 58
 

Or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Orange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.7
 

OVHD . . . . . . . . . . . . .Overhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 28 
 

Oys ...............Oysters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J r
 

P
 

P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pebbles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 7 
 

P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pillar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 23 
 

(P). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Preliminary (NTM) ...................................
 

Index of Abbreviations 

Note: INT abbreviations are in bold type
 

PA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Position approximate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 7
 

Pass ..............Passage, Pass ......................................
 

Pav ...............Pavilion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E p
 

PD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Position doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 8 
 

Pk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Peak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


PLT STA . . . . . . . . . . .Pilot station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 3 
 

Pm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pumice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J m 
 

PO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3RVWRI¿FH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 63
 

Po . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Polyzoa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ad
 

pos, posn ..........Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Post Off. . . . . . . . . . . .3RVWRI¿FH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 63
 

Priv, priv ...........Private ............................................ P 65, Q 70
 

Prod well ..........Production well. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20 
 

PROHIB ...........Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 2.2
 

PSSA .............Particularly Sensitive Sea Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22
 

Pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Pteropods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ac
 

Pyl ...............Pylon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26 
 

Q
 

Q. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quick ............................................. P 10.6
 

QTG . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Service providing DF signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15 
 

Quar ..............Quarantine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F e 
 

Qz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quartz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J g 
 

R
 

R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Coast radio station providing QTG service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15
 

R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radio Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15 
 

R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Red. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.2
 

R, r ...............Rock, Rocky ....................................... J 9.1, K b
 

R Bn . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Circular radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10 
 

R Lts . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Air obstruction lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 61.2
 

R Mast ............Radio mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28 
 

R Sta. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radio Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15 
 

R Tower ...........Radio tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 
 

R TR, R Tr .........Radio tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 
 

Ra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radar ............................................. M 31-32, S 1
 

Ra. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radar reference line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 32.1
 

Ra (conspic) . . . . . . . .Radar conspicuous object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 5 
 

Ra Ref . . . . . . . . . . . .5DGDUUHÀHFWRU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 4 
 

Racon. . . . . . . . . . . . .Radar transponder beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3 
 

Radar Sc ...........Radar scanner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.3
 

Radar Tr, RADAR TR Radar tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.2
 

Ramark. . . . . . . . . . . .Radar marker beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 2 
 

RC ...............Circular radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10 
 

RD ...............Directional radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 11
 

Rd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radiolaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ab
 

109 
 

Index of Abbreviations
 

Note: INT abbreviations are in bold type
 

Rd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Road, roadstead .....................................
 

rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Red. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ay 
 

RDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5DGLRGLUHFWLRQ¿QGLQJVWDWLRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14 
 

Ref ...............Refuge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 124
 

Rep ...............Reported. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 3
 

Rf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reef ..............................................
 

RG ...............5DGLRGLUHFWLRQ¿QGLQJVWDWLRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14 
 

Rk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1, K b
 

Rky ...............Rocky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1 
 

RoRo .............Roll-on, Roll-off Ferry (RoRo Terminal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 50 
 

rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rotten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aj 
 

Ru, (ru). . . . . . . . . . . .Ruin, ruined. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 8, E 25.2, F33
 

RW ...............Rotating-pattern radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 12 
 

S
 

S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 1
 

S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 11 
 

S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spar, spindle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 24
 

s .................Second(s) of time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 51, P 12
 

SALM . . . . . . . . . . . . .Single Anchor Leg Mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12
 

SBM ..............Single Buoy Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16 
 

Sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Scanner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.3
 

Sc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Scoriae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J o
 

Sch ...............Schist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J h 
 

Sch ...............School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E f
 

SD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sailing Directions ....................................
 

Sd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sound .............................................
 

SD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sounding doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 2 
 

SE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Southeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 14 
 

sec ...............Seconds of time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 51 
 

Sep ...............September .........................................
 

sf ................Stiff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 36
 

sft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Soft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 35
 

Sh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Shells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 11 
 

Shl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Shoal .............................................
 

Si ................Silt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 4 
 

Sig ...............Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 1, T 25.2
 

Sig Sta ............Signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 20 
 

S-L Fl . . . . . . . . . . . . .Short-Long Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P b
 

S/M ...............Sand over mud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 12.1
 

sml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ah
 

SMt ...............Seamount .........................................
 

Sn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Shingle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J d 
 

so . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Soft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 35
 

Sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Church spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.3
 

SP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spherical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 22
 

Sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.3
 

Sp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spring tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 16 
 

Spg ...............Sponge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J t
 

Spi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Spicules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J x 
 

Spipe, S’pipe .......Standpipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21
 

spk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Speckled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J al
 

SPM ..............Single Point Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12 
 

SS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Signal station ...................................... T 20-36
 

St ................Stones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 5 
 

St M, St Mi . . . . . . . . .Statute mile(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B e 
 

STA, Sta . . . . . . . . . . .Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 41.1, S 15, T 3
 

stf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Stiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 36
 

Stg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sea-tangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J w 
 

stk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Sticky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 34 
 

Str. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Strait . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


Str. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H l 
 

str . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Streaky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ak
 

sub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Submarine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K d 
 

Subm .............Submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 43.1
 

SW ...............Southwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 16 
 

sy ................Sticky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 34 
 

T
 

T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Short ton(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B m 
 

T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Telephone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E q 

T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .TRUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 63 
 

T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tufa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J n 
 

t .................Ton(s), Tonnage (weight) ............................. B 53, F 53
 

Tel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Telegraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 27 
 

Tel off . . . . . . . . . . . . .7HOHJUDSKRI¿FH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E k 
 

Temp, temp ........Temporary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 54 
 

ten. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tenacious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aq
 

Tk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 32 
 

TR, Tr, Trs .........Tower(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.2, E 20
 

TSS ...............7UDI¿F6HSDUDWLRQ6FKHPH ............................. M 20.1
 

TT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tree tops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 14 
 

TV Mast . . . . . . . . . . .Television mast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28
 

TV Tower . . . . . . . . . .Television tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 
 

U
 

ULCC .............Ultra Large Crude Carrier ............................
 

Uncov . . . . . . . . . . . . .Uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 11 
 

unev ..............Uneven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bf
 

Univ ..............University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E h 
 

UQ ...............Ultra quick......................................... P 10.8
 

110 
V 

Index of Abbreviations
 

Note: INT abbreviations are in bold type 

UTC ..............Coordinated Universal Time ..........................
 

UTM ..............Universal Transverse Mercator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


v .................Volcanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 37
 

vard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Varied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J be 
 

VLCC .............Very Large Crude Carrier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G 187 
 

Vol Ash . . . . . . . . . . . .Volcanic ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J k
 

VTS...............9HVVHO7UDI¿F6HUYLFH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 


W
 

Wd ...............Weed ............................................. J 13.1
 

Wh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ar 
 

Y
 

var, VAR . . . . . . . . . . .Variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 60 
 

vel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H n
 

vert ...............Vertically disposed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15
 

Vert CL . . . . . . . . . . . .Vertical clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D20, 28
 

Vi ................Violet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.5 
 

Vil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Village . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 4
 

vol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Volcanic, Volcano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 37
 

VQ ...............Very quick ......................................... P 10.7
 

W ................West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 12
 

W ................White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.1 
 

Well ..............Wellhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 21 
 

WGS. . . . . . . . . . . . . .World Geodetic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 50
 

Whf ...............Wharf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 13 
 

WHIS, Whis ........Whistle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 15
 

Wk, Wks...........Wreck(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 20 
 

Wtr Tr, WTR TR . . . . .Water tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21 
 

Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Yellow, Orange, Amber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11.6-11.8 

yd, yds . . . . . . . . . . . .Yard(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B d 

μ 

μs, μsec ...........Microsecond(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B f 

yl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aw 

111 
Index
 

A B Boat harbor, marina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.1 

Accurate position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 32 Band, S & X .....................................S 3.1-3.2 Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F29.1

Aerial Bar code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A d international ....................................N 40-41 

cableway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 25 Barge buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 53 Boulders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.2

 dish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31 %DUUDJHÀRRG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 43 international ....................................N 40-41

Aero light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 60 Barrel buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 25 mark, monument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 24 

Aeronautical radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 16 Barrier Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 17 

Air obstruction light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P61.1-61.2 ÀRDWLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 29.1, N 61 Breakwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F4.1-4.3 

$LU¿HOG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 17 oil retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 29.2 Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D20-24

Airport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 17 security .......................................N 61, Q q bascule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.4

AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 17.2-17.2 Bascule bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.4 draw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.6

All-round light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P42-43 Basin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27-28 lifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.3 

Alternate course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M c Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E34.3 OLJKWWUDI¿FVLJQDO ................................ T 25.2

Alternating light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.11 %DWWHU\IRUWL¿FDWLRQ ................................. E 34.3 passage signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 25.1

Amber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 11.8 Beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q80-126 pontoon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.5

Anchor berth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 11.1-11.2 articulated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 swing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.2

Anchorage buoyant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 transporter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 24

 areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N10-14 leading ....................................Q 102.2, 120 under construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D d 

 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q j lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3-5 Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 33 

for sea-planes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 14 marking a clearing line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 121 Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J az 

Anchoring prohibited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 20 marking measured distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 122 Buddhist temple, shrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 16 

Annual change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 66 on submerged rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 83 Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 2, 5-6, 8 

Anomaly, magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B81.1-82.2 radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S 2-3.6 Buoyage system, IALA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 130-130.6 

Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31 radio ..........................................S 10-16 Buoyant beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 

Apartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E s resilient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 Buoys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q20-71

Apparent shoreline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C p topmarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 9-11, 102.1 cardinal ........................................Q 130.3

Approximate towers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3, Q110-111 isolated danger ..................................Q 130.4

 depth contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 31 Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 62 lateral .........................................Q 130.1

 height of top of trees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 14 Being reclaimed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31 marking outfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 57

 position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 7, 33 Bell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 14 marking recreation zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 62 

 topographic contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 12 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q a, R 21 PDUNLQJWUDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQVFKHPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q61

 vertical clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D i on land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T a mooring ........................................Q 40-45

Aquaculture ...................................K 44.1-48.2 Benchmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 23 safe water ......................................Q 130.5 

Archipelagic Sea Lane (ASL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 17 Berth VFLHQWL¿FPRRULQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q r

Areas ................................................N anchor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 11.1-11.2 special purpose .................................Q 50-63 

 pipes ......................................L40.2, L41.2 designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 19.1, N 11.1-11.2, Q 42 Buried pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 42 

restricted....................................M 14, N 2.1 visitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 19.2 Bushes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C o 

 to be avoided .............................M14, 29.1-29.2 yacht . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 11.2 C 

wire drag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 24 Bifurcation buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q h Cable

Articulated Loading Column (ALC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12 Bird sanctuary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N22.1 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 55

$UWL¿FLDOLVODQG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 15 Black............................................j as, Q 2 distance, unit of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 46

Ash, volcanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J k Blind, duck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K j-k ferry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 51

Astronomical tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 2-3 Blockhouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E34.2 landing beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 123

$XWRPDWLF,GHQWL¿FDWLRQ6\VWHP$,6WUDQVPLWWHU ......S 17.2-17.2 Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J au, P11.4 overhead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26-27, H 20

Awash, rock .......................................K12, a Board (leading beacon) .............................Q 102.2 submarine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L30.1-32 

Boarding place, pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.1-1.4 Cableway (aerial) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 25 

112 
Index
 

Cairn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 100 
 

Caisson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 42 
 

Calcareous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 38 
 

Calling-in point .....................................M 40.1
 

Calvary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 12 
 

Camping site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E37.1-37.2
 

Can buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 21 
 

Canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 40 


 distance mark ................................B 25.1-25.2
 

Candela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 54 
 

Capitol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E t 
 

Cardinal Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q130.3
 

Cargo transhipment area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 64 
 

Castle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E34.2
 

Casuarina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C31.6
 

Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E10.1
 

Causeway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 3 
 

Cautionary notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 16 
 

Cemetery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 19 
 

Centimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 43 
 

Chalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J f 
 

Channel ..........................................I 21-23
 

Chapel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 11 
 

Chart


 datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 3, H1, 20 


 number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 1-2


 reference to another . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 18-19


 scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 13 


 title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 10 
 

Chemical dumping ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 24 
 

Chemical pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L40.1-40.2
 

Chimney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 22 
 

Chocolate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ba
 

Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E10.1


 dome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E10.4


 spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E10.3


 tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E10.2
 

Cinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J p 
 

Circular (non-directional) aeromarine radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . S 10 
 

Circular (non-directional) marine radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10 
 

Cirripedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ae
 

Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 3 
 

Clearance


 horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 21 


 safe vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26, i


 vertical ...............................D 20, 23.4, 23.6-28
 

Cleared platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 22 
 

Clearing line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 2 
 

Clearing line beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 121 
 

Cliffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 3 
 

Coal head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J i 
 

Coarse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 32 
 

Coast
 

ÀDW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 5 


 radar station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 1 


 radio station providing QTG service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15 


 steep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 3 
 

Coast Guard station .................................T10-11
 

Coastline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 1-8 


 surveyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 1 


 unsurveyed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 2 
 

Cobbles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 8 
 

Colored mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 101 
 

Colored topmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q102.1
 

Colors


 beacons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2-5


 buoys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2-5


 lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 11 


 topmarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 2-5 
 

COLREGS demarcation line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N a 
 

Columbia River Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H j 
 

Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24 
 

Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E u 
 

Compass rose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 70 
 

Composite
 

JURXSÀDVKLQJ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.4


 group-occulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.2
 

Conical buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20 
 

Conifer ..........................................C31.3, j
 

Consol beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 13 
 

Conspicuous landmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 2 
 

Conspicuous, radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 5 
 

Container crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 53.2
 

Contiguous zone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 44 
 

Continental shelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 46 
 

Continuous


 quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.6


 ultra quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.8


 very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.7
 

Contour


 depth...........................................I 30-31


 drying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 30 


 topographic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C10-12, H 20
 

Control point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B20-24
 

Conversion scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A a 
 

Conveyor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F g 
 

Copyright note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 5 
 

Coral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J10, 22, K 16, h
 

Coral reef


 always covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 16 


 covers and uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 22 


 detached. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K h 
 

Coralline algae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 10 
 

Corner coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 9 
 

Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E v 
 

Courthouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E o 
 

Covers ................................J 21-22, K 11, 16, 21
 

Crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F53.1-53.3
 

Crib ..........................................K i-j, L 43, b
 

Cross . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 12 
 

Crossing gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 22 
 

&URVVLQJWUDI¿FVHSDUDWLRQ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 23 
 

Cubic meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B b 
 

Cultivated
 

¿HOGV .............................................. Cl
 

VKHOO¿VK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 47 
 

Cultural Features .......................................D
 

Cupola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E10.4
 

Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H42-43


 diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H t 


 in restricted waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 42 


 meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 59 
 

Customs


 house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 61 


 limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 48 
 

RI¿FH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F61 
 

Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 14 
 

Cycles per second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B j 
 

Cylindrical buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 21 
 

Cypress buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C r 
 

D
 

Dam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F44 
 

Danger
 

¿ULQJDUHD ................................N 30, Q 50, 125


 isolated mark ...................................Q 130.4


 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 1 


 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 35 


 zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50 
 

113 
 

Index
 

Dangerous


 rock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K13, 14.2


 wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 28 
 

Dark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bd 
 

Data collection buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 58 
 

Datum


 chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 1, 20 


 land survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 7 


 sounding reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 1 
 

Daymark (dayboard). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 10, 80-81, 110, l
 

Daytime light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 51 
 

Deadhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 43.2
 

Decayed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J an
 

Deciduous


 tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C31.1


 woodland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C i 
 

Decimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 42 
 

Decreasing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 64 
 

Deep water


 anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N12.4


 route .......................................M27.1-27.3
 

Degaussing range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 25 


 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 54 
 

Degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 4, n 
 

Depth


 charted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 20 


 contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 30 


 maintained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 23 


 minimum ..................................K 46.2, M 27.2


 observed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 20 


 out of position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 11 


 safe clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 3, 30, f


 swept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 24, a, b, K 2, 27, 42, f


 units used for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A b 


 unknown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 3, 13, 23, 28, 30, 40, L 21.1
 

Depths ................................................I
 

Derrick, oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 10 
 

Designation of


 beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 10 


 berth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F19.1


 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 11 


 platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 2 


 reporting point ....................................M 40.1


 tidal stream, position of tabulated data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 46 


 transit shed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51 
 

Detector light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 62 
 

Development area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 4 
 

Deviation

 dolphin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 21 


 magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 67 
 

DGPS correction transmitter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 51 
 

Diaphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 11 
 

Diatoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aa 
 

Diffuser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 43 
 

Dike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 1 
 

Direction


 of buoyage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q130.2
 

¿QGLQJUDGLRVWDWLRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14 
 

RIÀRZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 44 


 light ..........................................P30.1-31
 

RIWUDI¿F. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 10, 11, 26.1-26.2, 40.1
 

Directional radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 11 
 

Directions, compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 
 

Discolored water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K e 
 

Dish aerial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 31 
 

Disposition of lights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15 
 

Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 


 along waterway...............................B 25.1-25.2


 measured, beacons marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 122 
 

Distress signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 26 
 

Disused


 pipeline/pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 44 


 platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 14 


 submarine cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 32 
 

Diurnal tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30 
 

Dock


 dry, graving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 25 
 

ÀRDWLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F26 


 wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27 
 

Dolphin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 20-21
 

Dome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.4
 

Doubtful


 depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 2 


 existence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I l 


 position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 8 
 

Draft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 6, N12.4


 area ...........................................I20-23


 channel .........................................I20-23
 

Dredging (extraction) area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 63 
 

Drying


 contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 30 


 height ........................................H 20, I 15
 

Duck blind. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K j-k 
 

Dumping ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nc, d, g 


 chemical waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 24 


 explosives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N23.1-23.2
 

Dunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 8 
 

E
 

East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 10 


 cardinal mark ...................................Q 130.3
 

Ebb tide stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 41 
 

Eddies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 45 
 

Edition note. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 6 
 

Eelgrass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J t 
 

Elevation of light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, P13
 

Ellipsoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 3 
 

Embankment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 15 
 

Emergency wreck marking buoy ..................Q63, Q 130.6
 

Entry prohibited area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N2.2, 31
 

Environmentally Sensitive Sea Area (ESSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22 
 

(VWDEOLVKHGPDQGDWRU\GLUHFWLRQRIWUDI¿FÀRZ ............M10, d
 

Eucalypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C31.8
 

Evergreen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C31.2
 

Example of


 conspicuous landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 2 


 fog signal descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R20-22


 full light description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 16 


 landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 1 


 routing measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M18-29.2
 

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 47 
 

Exercise area, submarine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 33 
 

Existence doubtful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 1 
 

Explanatory notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 11, 16 
 

Explosive fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 10 
 

Explosives


 anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N12.7


 dumping ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N23.1-23.2
 

Extinguished light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 55 
 

Extraction area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 63 
 

F
 

Factory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E d 
 

Faint sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 45 
 

Fairway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 18 
 

Falling tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30 
 

Farm


 marine......................................K 48.1-48.2


 wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 6 


 wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 5.2 
 

114 
Index
 

Fast ice, limit.......................................N 60.1
 

Fathom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 48 
 

Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 47 
 

Fence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D g 
 

Ferry ............................................M50-51


 terminal, RoRo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 50 
 

Filao . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C31.7
 

Fine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 30 
 

Fireboat station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T c 
 

Firing


 danger area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 30 


 danger area beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 125 


 danger area buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 50 


 practice signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 36 
 

Fish


 haven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K46.1-46.2


 marine farm .................................K 48.1-48.2


 trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K44.2-45, Q i


 weir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K44.2
 

Fishery zone limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 45 
 

Fishing


 harbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 10 
 

OLPLW¿VKWUDSDUHDV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N b 


 prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N21.1


 stakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K44.1
 

Fixed


 bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 22 
 

ÀDVKLQJDQG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.10, d


 light ............................................. P10.1


 point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 22 
 

Flagstaff, Flagpole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27 
 

Flare stack ......................................E23, L11
 

Flashing light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.4
 

Flat coast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 5 
 

Flinty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ao 
 

Float . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q s 
 

Floating


 barrier ......................................F29.1. 29.2


 dock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 26 


 oil barrier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F29.1


 wind farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 5.2


 wind turbine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 5.1
 

Flood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H q 


 barrage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 43 


 tide (stream) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 40 
 

)ORRGOLWÀRRGOLJKW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P63 
 

Fog

 detector light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 62 


 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 52 


 signals .............................................R
 

Foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 47 
 

Footbridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D e 
 

Foraminifera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J y 
 

Foreshore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C c 
 

Form lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 13 
 

Fort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E34.2
 

)RUWL¿HGVWUXFWXUH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E34.1
 

Foul


 area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K o 


 ground .....................................K 31.1-31.2
 

Front light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 23 
 

Fucus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J af 
 

Full Moon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H s 
 

G
 

Gable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E i 
 

Gas


 pipeline ..........................................L40.1


 pipeline area ......................................L40.2
 

*DV¿HOG1DPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 1 
 

Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 42 
 

Geographical Positions...............................B 1-16
 

Glacial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ap 
 

Glacier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 25 
 

Globigerina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J z 
 

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A e 
 

Gong...........................................R16, Q b
 

Government House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E m 
 

Grass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C s, J v 
 

*UDVV¿HOGV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C m 


 area with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 20 
 

Gravel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C c, J6, 20 
 

Graving dock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 25 
 

Gray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bb 
 

Green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J av, P11.3, Q 2
 

Greenwich Meridian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 3 
 

Gridiron. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 24 
 

Gritty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J am 
 

Groin...........................................F6.1, 6.3
 

Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J a 


 tackle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 42 
 

Group
 

¿[HGDQGÀDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P d 
 

ÀDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.4


 occulting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.2


 quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.6
 

VKRUWÀDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P c 


 very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.7
 

Gulf Coast Low Water Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H k 
 

Gulf Stream limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H u 
 

Gun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .R 10 
 

H
 

Hachures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C f 
 

Harbor


 installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F10-34


 limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 49 
 

PDVWHU¶VRI¿FH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F60 
 

Harbors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 
 

Hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 39 
 

+HDOWKRI¿FH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F62.1
 

Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H p 


 datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 7, 20 


 drying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 20, I 15


 light (elevation of) ..............................H 20, P 13


 rocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 10-11


 spot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 10-11, 13, H 20


 of structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E 4-5 


 tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 20, P13


 of top of trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 14 


 of wellhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 21.3
 

Hertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B g 
 

High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 20, a
 

High Water Full and Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H h 
 

Higher High Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 20, b
 

Highest Astronomical Tide (HAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 3 
 

Highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 10 


 markers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D a 
 

Hillocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 4 
 

Horizontal


 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15 
 

Horizontal clearance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 21 
 

Horizontally disposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15 
 

Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 13 
 

Hospital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E g, F62.2
 

Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 49 
 

Hulk .....................................F34, K 20-21, 23
 

I
 

IALA Maritime Buoyage System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 130 
 

115 
Index
 

Ice

 boom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 61 


 fast (ice front) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N60.1


 sea ice (pack ice) seasonal .........................N 60.2


 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 30 
 

Illuminated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 63 
 

Imprint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 4 
 

Inadequately surveyed area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 25 
 

Inch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B c 
 

Incineration area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 65 
 

Increasing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 65 
 

Indian Spring Low Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H g 
 

,QVKRUHWUDI¿F]RQH ..............................M25.1-25.2
 

Installations, offshore .....................................L
 

Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E n 
 

Intake pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L41.1-41.2, b
 

Intense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 46 
 

,QWHQVL¿HGVHFWRU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 46 
 

Intermittent river . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 21 
 

International


 boundary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N40-41


 chart number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 2 


 meridian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 3 


 nautical mile, sea mile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45 
 

Interrupted light...........................................


 quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.6


 ultra quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.8


 very quick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.7
 

Intertidal area ......................................J20-22
 

,VODQGDUWL¿FLDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L15 
 

Isogonic lines (Isogonals) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 71 
 

Isolated danger mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q130.4
 

Isophase light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.3
 

J
 

Jetty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F14, a-c
 

Joss house . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 15 
 

K
 

Kelp ........................................J13.1-13.2, u
 

Kilocycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B k 
 

Kilohertz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B h 
 

Kilometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 40 
 

Knot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B52, H o
 

Lake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 23 
 

LANBY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6, f 
 

Land survey datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 7, 20 
 

Landing


 beacon (cable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 123 


 boats, for. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 17 


 seaplanes, for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 13 


 stairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 18 
 

Landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 
 

Lane, submarine transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 33 
 

Large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J ai 
 

Large Automatic Navigational Buoy (LANBY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 6, f 
 

Lateral marks (IALA System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q130.1
 

Latitude. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 1 
 

Lattice beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 111 
 

Lava ..........................................C26, J 9, l
 

Layout of chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 
 

Leading


 beacons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 120 


 lights .........................................P20.1-23


 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 1 
 

Least depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K26-27, 30


 in narrow channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 12 
 

Leisure facilities ........................................U
 

Levee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 1 
 

Lifeboat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12-13


 mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 13 


 station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12 
 

Lifting bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.3
 

Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J bc 


 arc of visibility, with restricted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 44 


 character. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.1-11.8


 chart limits, off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 8 


 color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 11.1-11.8


 description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 16 


 direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 30.1–31


 disposition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15 


 elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 13 


 exhibited only when specially needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50 


 faint sector, with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 45 
 

ÀRDW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6, Q 30-31


 in line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 21 
 

LQWHQVL¿HGVHFWRUZLWK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P46 


 landmarks, on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 7 


 leading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 20.1-23
 

PDMRUÀRDWLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6 


 marking fairway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 20.1-23


 Moiré effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 31 


 period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 12 


 range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 14 


 sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 40.1-46


 special . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 60-66


 structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 1-7 


 synchronized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 66 


 times of exhibition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50-55


 vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6 
 

Light characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.1-10.11
 

Lighted


 beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P4, Q o 


 beacon tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 3 


 marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 7-8


 mooring buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 41 


 offshore platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 2 
 

Lighthouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1 
 

Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 
 

Lights exhibited only when specially needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50 
 

Lights in line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 21 
 

Lights Marking Fairways............................P20.1-23
 

Lights with limited times of exhibition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P50-55
 

Limit of


 airport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N e 


 area feature in general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C q 


 area into which entry is prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N2.2, 31


 contiguous zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 44 


 continental shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 46 


 danger line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 1 


 development area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 4 


 dredged area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 20 


 Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 47 


 fast ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N60.1
 

¿VKHU\]RQH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N45 
 

¿VKLQJDUHD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N b 


 Gulf Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H u 


 nature reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22 


 no discharge zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N i 


 restricted area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 14, N 2.1


 routing measure .................................M14-15


 safety zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 3 


 sea ice (pack ice) seasonal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N60.2


 unsurveyed area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 25 
 

Limited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E r 
 

Linear scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A14-15
 

Local magnetic anomaly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B81.1-82.2
 

Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F41.1-41.2


 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 24 
 

116 

L 
Index
 

Log pond. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 61 
 

/RQJÀDVKLQJOLJKW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.5
 

Longitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 2 
 

Lookout


 pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 2 


 station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T e 
 

Low water .........................................H20, c


 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 30 
 

Lower light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 23 
 

Lower low datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H d 
 

Lower low water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H e 
 

Lower water full & change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H i 
 

Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 2 
 

M
 

Madrepores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J j 
 

Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E l 
 

Magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 61 


 anomaly ....................................B 82.1-82.2


 compass ......................................B60-82.2


 variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B60, 68-71
 

Main light visible all-round . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 42 
 

Maintained depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 23 
 

Major
 

ÀRDWLQJOLJKW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P6 


 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1 


 light off chart limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 8 
 

Manganese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J q 
 

Mangrove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 32 
 

Marabout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 18 
 

Marginal notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 
 

Marina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.1 


 facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .U a 
 

Marine


 farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K48.1-48.2


 reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N22.3
 

Maritime limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N1.1-1.2
 

Marker ship buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 52 
 

Marks


 cardinal ........................................Q 130.3


 colored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 101 


 isolated danger ..................................Q 130.4


 lateral .........................................Q 130.1


 lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 7-8


 minor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 90-102.2


 safe water ......................................Q 130.5


 special ........................................Q 130.6
 

Marl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J c 
 

Marsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 33 
 

Mast


 radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.1


 radio, television. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28 


 wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 25 
 

Mattes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ag 
 

Maximum


 authorized draft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 6 


 speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 27 
 

Mean


 High Water (MHW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 5, 20, 30


 High Water Neaps (MHWN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 11 


 High Water Springs (MHWS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 9 


 Higher High Water (MHHW) ........................H13, 30


 Higher Low Water (MHLW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 14 


 Low Water (MLW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 4, 20, 30


 Low Water Neaps (MLWN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 10 


 Low Water Springs (MLWS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 8 


 Lower High Water (MLHW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 15 


 Lower Low Water (MLLW) ......................H12, 20, 30


 Sea Level (MSL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 6, 20 


 tide level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H f 
 

Measured Distance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 122 
 

Medium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 31 
 

Megacycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B l 
 

Megahertz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B i 
 

Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 41 
 

Microsecond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B f 
 

Mid-channel buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q e 
 

Mile


 nautical (sea mile) .............................A 15, B 45


 statute..........................................B 25, e


 three nautical mile line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N h 
 

Military area ......................................N 30-34
 

Millimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 44 
 

Minaret . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 17 
 

Mine (explosive) ....................................N 23.1
 

Mine (ore extraction). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 36 
 

0LQH¿HOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N34 
 

Mine-laying practice area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 32 
 

Minor


 impermanent marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q90-92


 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 1, note after P 6
 

OLJKWÀRDWV ...................................... Q30-31


 marks ......................................Q100-102.2


 pile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 22 


 post. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 22 
 

Minute


 arc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 5 


 time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 50 
 

Mixed bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J 12.2
 

Moiré effect light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 31 
 

Mole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 12 
 

Monument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24 
 

Moored storage tanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 17 
 

Mooring


 berth number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 42 


 canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F f 


 ground tackle .................................L 18, Q 42


 life boat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 13 


 numerous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 44 
 

VFLHQWL¿FPRRULQJEXR\ ................................Qr


 Single Buoy (SBM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16 


 Single Point (SPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12 


 trot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 42 


 visitors’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 45 


 buoy ..........................................Q 40-45


 lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 41 


 tanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16 


 telegraphic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43 


 telephonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43 
 

Morse Code


 fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .R a 


 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.9
 

Mosque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 17 
 

Motorway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 10 
 

Mud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 2 
 

Muslim shrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E a 
 

Mussels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J s 
 

N
 

National


 limits ..........................................N 40-49


 park. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 22 
 

Natural


 features.............................................C


 watercourse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 16 
 

Nature


 reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 22 


 of the seabed .........................................J
 

Nautical mile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 45 
 

Nautophone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .R 13 
 

117 
Index
 

Neap tide ................................H10-11, 17, 30-31
 

Nets, tunny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 44.2-45
 

New


 edition date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 6 


 moon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H r 
 

Nipa palm .........................................C 31.5
 

No anchoring area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 20 
 

No bottom found . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 13 
 

No discharge zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N i 
 

Non-dangerous wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 29 
 

Non-directional radiobeacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 10 
 

Non-tidal basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27 
 

North. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 9 


 cardinal mark ...................................Q 130.3
 

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 13 
 

Northwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 15 
 

Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 11, 16 
 

Notice board ....................................Q 126, T d
 

Notice to mariners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 7 
 

Nun buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20 
 

O
 

Obelisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24 
 

Obscured sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 43 
 

Observation


 platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 13 


 spot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 21 
 

Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 40-48.2


 light, air .....................................P 61.1-61.2
 

Occasional light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 50 
 

Occulting light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.2
 

Ocean current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 43 
 

ODAS buoy.....................................L 25, Q 58
 

2I¿FH


 customs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 61 


 harbor master’s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 60 


 health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 62.1


 pilot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 2-3


 quarantine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F e 

Offshore

 Installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 


 platform, lighted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 2 


 position, tidal levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 47 
 

Ogival buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 20 
 

Oil


 barrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 29.1-29.2


 derrick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 10 


 installation buoy, Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) . . . . . L 16 


 pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 40.1


 pipeline area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 40.2
 

2LO¿HOGZLWKQDPH ......................................L1
 

One-way track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 5.1-5.2, 27.3
 

Ooze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J b 
 

Opening bridge .....................................D 23.1
 

Orange .......................................J ax, P 11.7
 

Ordnance, unexploded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K p 
 

Outfall


 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 57 


 pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L41.1-41.2
 

Overfalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 44 
 

Overhead


 cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 27 


 pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 28 


 transporter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 25 
 

Oysters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J r 
 

P
 

Pack ice, limit ......................................N 60.2
 

Pagoda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 14 
 

Painted board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q102.2
 

Palm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C31.4
 

Park ranger station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T g 
 

Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 22 
 

Patent slip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 23 
 

Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 12 
 

Pavilion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E p 
 

Pebbles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 7 
 

Perch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 91 
 

Period of light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 12 
 

Pictorial sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E3.1-3.2
 

Pier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 14 


 promenade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 15 


 ruined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 33.2
 

Pile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 22 


 submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K43.1-43.2
 

Pillar


 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 23 


 monument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24 
 

Pilot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 1-4 


 boarding place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T1.1-1.3


 helicopter transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.4 


 look out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 2 
 

RI¿FH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T2-3 
 

Pilotage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 1-4 
 

Pipeline


 buried . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 42.1


 land, on. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 29 


 overhead. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 28 


 submarine.....................................L 40.1-44


 tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 42.2
 

Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 2, 10,13-14, 22, P 2


 cleared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 22 


 submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K l 
 

Point


 base point for territorial sea baseline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 42 
 

¿[HG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 22 


 Single Point Mooring (SPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12 


 symbols, position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B32-33


 triangulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 20 
 

Pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 90 
 

Police station, marine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T b 
 

Polyzoa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ad 
 

Pontoon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 16 


 bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.5
 

Port


 pilotage service, with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 4 


 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T21-23
 

Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 
 

Position


 accurate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 2, E 2 


 approximate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B7, E 2 


 of buoy or beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 1 


 doubtful. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 8 


 of fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 1 


 of pilot cruising vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 1.1-1.3


 tidal levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 47 


 tidal stream data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 46 
 

Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 


 symbolized .....................................B 30-33
 

Post . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 22, K 43.1
 

RI¿FH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F63 


 submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 43.1
 

Power


 overhead cable ................................D 26, H 20


 submarine cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 31.1-31.2


 transmission line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D h 
 

Practice area (military) ..............................N 30-34
 

Precautionary area ...............................M16, M 24
 

Preferred channel buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q130.1
 

118 
 

 

Index
 

Private

 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 70 


 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 65 
 

Production


 platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 10 


 well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20 
 

Prohibited


 anchoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 20 


 area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N2.2, 31


 diving ..........................................N 21.2
 

¿VKLQJ ..........................................N 21.1
 

Promenade pier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 15 
 

Protective structures.................................F1-6.3
 

Pteropods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ac 
 

Public Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F60-63
 

Publication note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 4 
 

Pumice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J m 
 

Pump-out facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F d 
 

Pylon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 26, E 29
 

Q
 

QTG service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15 
 

Qualifying Terms ....................................J30-39
 

Quarantine


 anchorage area ..................................N 12.8
 

EXLOGLQJKHDOWKRI¿FH .............................. F 62.1
 

RI¿FH ..............................................Fe
 

Quarry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E35.1-35.2
 

Quartz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J g 
 

Quay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 13 
 

Quick light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P10.6
 

R
 

Races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 44 
 

Racon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3 
 

Radar


 beacon .........................................S2-3.6


 conspicuous feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 5 


 dome (radome) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E30.4


 mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E30.1


 range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 31 


 reference line ................................M32.1-32.2
 

UHÀHFWRU.....................................Q10-11, S 4


 scanner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E30.3


 station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 1 


 surveillance system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M30-32.2


 tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E30.2


 transponder beacon, racon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3 
 

WUDQVSRQGHUEHDFRQVRQÀRDWLQJPDUNV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S3.6 


 tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 
 

Radio ..........................................S10-18.2
 

GLUHFWLRQ¿QGLQJVWDWLRQ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14 


 mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28 


 reporting line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M40.2


 reporting point, calling-in or way point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M40.1


 station, QTG service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15 
 

Radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S10-16
 

Radiolaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ab 
 

Radome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.4
 

Railway ...........................................D13, b


 station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 13 
 

Ramark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 2 
 

Ramp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 23 
 

Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 14 
 

Rapids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 22 
 

Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H n 
 

Rear light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 22 
 

Reclamation area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31 
 

Reclamation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31 
 

Recommended


 deep water track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 27.3, a-b
 

GLUHFWLRQRIWUDI¿FÀRZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M11, 26.1- 26.2, 28.1


 route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M28.1


 track ..........................................M3-4, 6
 

Recreation zone buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 62 
 

Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J ay, P11.2, Q 3
 

Reed beds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 33 
 

Reef .......................................J 22, K 16, g-h
 

Reference to


 adjoining chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 19 


 charted units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A b 


 larger-scale chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 18 
 

5HÀHFWRUUDGDU ................................ Q 10-11, S 4
 

Refuge


 beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 124 


 for shipwrecked mariners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 14 
 

Regions, IALA.....................................Q 130.1
 

Relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C10-14
 

Reported


 anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 10 


 danger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 4 


 depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I3.1-4
 

Reporting, radio ................................M 40.1-40.2
 

Rescue station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 11-12
 

Research platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 13 
 

Reservation line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N f 
 

Reserve fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .R 22 
 

Reserved anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N12.9
 

Resilient beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 5 
 

Restricted


 area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 14, N 2.1, 20-27


 light sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 44 
 

5HWURUHÀHFWLQJPDWHULDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q6 
 

Riprap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P a 
 

River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 20 


 intermittent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 21 
 

Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D10-11
 

Rock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J9.1, K 10-15, a-b
 

Rocket station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 12 
 

Rocky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 9.1


 area which covers and uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 21 
 

Roll-on, Roll-off ferry terminal (RoRo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 50 
 

Rotating-pattern radiobeacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 12 
 

Rotten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J aj
 

Roundabout .....................................M21, d-e
 

Route ........................................M 27.1-28.2
 

Routing Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M18-29.2
 

Rubble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C e 
 

Ruin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 8, F 33.1
 

Ruined


 landmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 8 


 pier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F33.2
 

S
 

Safe


 clearance depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 3, 30, f


 vertical clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D26, i


 water mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q130.5 

Safety

 fairway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 18 


 zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 3 
 

Sailing club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F 11.3 
 

Salt pans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 24 
 

Sand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 1 
 

Sandhills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 8 
 

Sandwaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 14 
 

Sandy shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 6 
 

Satellite Navigation Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S50-51
 

Scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A13-15
 

Scanner, radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.3
 

Schist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J h 
 

119 
 

Index
 

School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E f 
 

Scoriae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J o 
 

Scrubbing grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 24 
 

Sea


 ice limit .........................................N 60.2


 mile (nautical mile) .............................A 15, B 45
 

Seabed, types of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 1-15, a-bf
 

Seal


 chart producer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 12 


 sanctuary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N22.2
 

Seaplane


 anchorage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 14 


 anchorage buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 60 


 landing area, operating area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 13 
 

Seasonal


 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q70-71


 sea ice limit......................................N 60.2
 

Sea-tangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J w 
 

Seawall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F2.1-2.2
 

Seaward limit of


 contiguous zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 44 


 territorial sea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 43 
 

Second


 of arc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 6 


 of time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 51 
 

Sector lights .....................................P40.1-46
 

See adjoining chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 19 
 

Semaphore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T f 
 

Semi-diurnal tide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30 
 

Separation


 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 12 


 scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 10-13, 20.1-29.2, d


 zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 13 
 

Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 
 

Settlements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 1-8 
 

Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L41.1-41.2
 

Shading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C g 
 

Shapes of buoys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q20-26
 

Shark nets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 61 
 

Shed, transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51 
 

Sheerlegs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F53.3
 

6KHOO¿VKEHG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 47 
 

Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J 11 
 

Shingle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J d 
 

Shingly shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 7 
 

Shinto shrine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 15 
 

Shoal sounding on rock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K b 
 

Shore, shoreline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 1-8
 

6KRUWORQJÀDVKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P b 
 

Signal


 fog.................................................R


 stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 20-36
 

Silo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 33 
 

Silt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 4 
 

Single
 

Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12 


 Buoy Mooring (SBM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16 


 Point Mooring (SPM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 12 
 

Sinker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K n 
 

Siren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 12 
 

Sketches........................................E 3.1-3.2
 

Slack water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 31 
 

Slipway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 23 
 

Small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ah 
 

Small craft


 leisure facilities .......................................U


 mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 44 
 

Snag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K43.2
 

Soft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 35 
 

Sounding .........................................I 10-16


 doubtful depth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 2 


 out of position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 11 


 unreliable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 14 
 

Source diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 17 
 

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 11 


 cardinal mark ...................................Q 130.3
 

Southeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 14 
 

Southwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 16 
 

Spar buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 24 
 

Special


 lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P60-66


 marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q130.6


 purpose beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q120-126


 purpose buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q50-63
 

Speckled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J al 
 

Speed limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 27 
 

Spherical buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 22 
 

Spicules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J x 
 

Spindle buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 24 
 

Spire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E10.3
 

Spoil


 ground .....................................N 62.1-62.2


 ground buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 56 
 

Sponge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J t 
 

Spot height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 11-13, H 20
 

Spring


 tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H16, 30-31


 seabed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 15 
 

Square


 meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B a 


 shaped beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q l 
 

Stake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K43.2, Q 90
 

Station


 Coast Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T10-11


 coast radar ....................................M 30, S 1


 DGPS, providing corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 51 


 QTG, providing radio service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 15 


 radar surveillance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 30 
 

UDGLRGLUHFWLRQ¿QGLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 14 


 railway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 13 


 rescue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T 11-12


 signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T20-36


 tide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 30 
 

Statue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 24 
 

Statute mile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B e 
 

Steep coast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 3 
 

Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 18 
 

Sticky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 34 
 

Stiff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 36 
 

Stock number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A d 
 

Stones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 5 


 area with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 20 
 

Stony shore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 7 
 

Storage tanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 17 
 

Storm signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 28 
 

Straight territorial sea baseline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 42 
 

Streaky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ak 
 

Stream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 20, H l, I c


 tidal signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 34 


 tidal table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 31, 46


 tide ...........................................H 40-41
 

Street . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 7 
 

Street . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 7 
 

Strip light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 64 
 

Stumps of piles/posts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K43.1-43.2
 

Submarine


 cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L30.1-32


 cable area........................................L30.2
 

120 
Index
 

 exercise area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 33 Telegraphic mooring buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43 Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D12, M 1-6, 27 

 pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L40-44 Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E q 7UDI¿F

 power cable ......................................L31.1 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 27 separation scheme (TSS)...................M10-15, 20-26.2

 power cable area ..................................L31.2 Telephonic mooring buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 43 basic symbols ...............................M 10-15, d

 transit lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N 33 Television buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 61

 volcano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K d mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 28 example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 20.1-29.2, f

Submerged station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 27 signal station................................T21-22, 25.1

 crib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K i tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 surveillance station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M 30 

 duck blind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K k Temple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 13 Training wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 5 

 jetty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F b Temporary Transhipment

 platform. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K l buoy (seasonal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 71 area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 64

 production well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20 light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 54 facilities.......................................F50-53.3 

 rock, beacon on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 83 Tenacious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aq Transit

 well (buoyed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L a Terms relating to tidal levels ........................H1-17, a-k lane (submarine). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 33

 wreck .........................................K 22-23 Territorial sea .....................................N 42-43 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 2

Subsidiary light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 42 Tidal shed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51 

Subsurface Ocean Data Acquisition System (ODAS) . . . . . . . . . L 25 basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 28 Transmission line ................................D 26-27, h 

Sunken harbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 28 Transmitter, AIS ................................S 17.1-17.2 

danger (swept). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K f levels .......................................H 1-17, 20 Transponder beacon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 3.1-3.6 

 wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K c stream Transporter

Superbuoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 26 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 34 bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 24

Supply pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 40.1-40.2 station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H 46 overhead (aerial cableway) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 25 

Surveyed table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A g, H31 7UDS¿VK ...................................... K 44.2-45, i 

 coastline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 1 table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 31 Travelling crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F53.1 

 inadequately . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 25 streams and currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H40-47 Trees

Suspended well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L21.1-21.2 table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 30 height of top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 14

Swamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 33 Tide types of .....................................C 31-32, i-k 

Swept gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T32.1-32.2 Triangular shaped beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q l 

 area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I 24, b level terms ...................................H1-17, a-k Triangulation point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 20 

 channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I a rips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H 44 Trot, mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 42 

 wire drag, by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K 2, 27, 42, f scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .T32.1 True . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B63 

Swing bridge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D23.2 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 33 True (compass) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B 63 

Swinging circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 11.2 Timber yard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 52 Tufa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J n 

Symbolized positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B30-33 Time Tun buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 25 

Synchronized light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 66 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 31 Tunnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 16

T units of ........................................B 49-51 pipeline ..........................................L42.2 

Tanker Tomb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E b Tunney nets .....................................K44.2-45

 anchorage area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N12.5 Ton, tonnage, tonne (weight) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B53, m area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 45 

 CALM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 16 Topmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 9-11, 102.1 Turbine

 storage, moored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 17 Tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 20 wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 26.1, L 5.1

Target buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 51 beacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .P 3, Q 110-111 underwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 24 

Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E32 church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 10.2 Two-way

Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 51 radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 30.2 route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 27.2, 28.1-28.2

Telegraph radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M 4, 5.2 

 line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 27 television. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 29 Tyfon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 13 

 station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 27 water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21 

121
Index
 

Types of

 fog signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R10-16


 seabed, intertidal areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J 20-22 

U 

Ultra quick light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.8 

Uncovers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 11, 21, h 

Under construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 30-32 

Underwater

 installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L20-25


 rock...........................................K 13-15


 turbine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 24 
 

Uneven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J bf 
 

Unexploded ordinance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K p 
 

Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A b, B40-54
 

University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E h 
 

Unsurveyed


 coastline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 2 


 depths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 25 
 

Unwatched, unmanned light ...........................P53, e
 

Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 7 
 

Upper light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 22 
 

Urban area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D 1 
 

V
 

Variation, magnetic .............................B60, 68.1-71
 

Varied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J be
 

Various limits ....................................N60.1-65
 

Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C 30-33, i-t
 

Velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H n 
 

Vertical


 clearance .............................D 20, 23.4, 23.6-28


 color stripes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 5 


 lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15 
 

Vertically disposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 15 
 

Very quick light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.7
 

Vessel, light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 6 
 

Viaduct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D f 
 

Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E3.1-3.2
 

Village . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D 4 
 

Violet ..........................................J at, P11.5
 

Virtual AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S18.1-18.2
 

Visitor’s


 berth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F19.2


 mooring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q 45 
 

Volcanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J 37 


 ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J k 
 

Volcano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K d 
 

W
 

Wall, training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 5 
 

Warehouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 51 
 

Water


 discolored . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K e 


 features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C20-26


 intake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L 41.1-41.2


 pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L40.1, 41.1


 pipeline area ................................L40.2, L41.2


 tank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21 


 tower. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E 21 
 

Waterfalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 22 
 

Watermill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E c 
 

Wave


 actuated fog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R21-22


 farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 6 


 recorder buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q 59 
 

Way point .........................................M 40.1
 

Weather signal station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 29 
 

Weed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J13.1-13.2
 

:HLU¿VK .......................................... K 44.2
 

Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E e 


 submerged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L a 


 suspended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 21 


 production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L 20 
 

Wellhead ........................................L21.3, 23
 

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B12 


 cardinal mark ...................................Q 130.3
 

Wet dock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 27 
 

Wharf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 13 
 

Whistle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R 15 


 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q c 

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J ar, P11.1 

Wind

 farm .......................................E26.2, L5.2


 signal station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T 29 


 turbine......................................E26.1, L5.1
 

Windmill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E25.1-25.2
 

Withy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q91-92
 

Woodland


 coniferous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C j 


 deciduous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C i 
 

Woods, wooded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 30 
 

Works


 at sea, (reclamation area). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 31 


 on land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 30 


 under construction, works in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 32 
 

World Geodetic System (WGS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 50 
 

Wreck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .K20-30, c


 buoy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Q h 


 emergency wreck marking buoy.................Q63, Q 130.6


 mast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K 25 
 

Y 

Yacht

 berths without facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.2

 club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 11.3 

Yard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B d 


 timber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F 52 
 

Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J aw, P11.6 
 

Z
 

Zone


 Exclusive Economic (EEZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 47 
 

¿VKLQJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 45 
 

LQVKRUHWUDI¿F ................................M 25.1-25.2


 seaward, contiguous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N 44 


 separation..............................M 13, 20.1-20.3, e
 

122 
123
 
Appendix 1 IALA Maritime Buoyage System
 

Region A


Lateral Marks
 

Port Hand Starboard Hand Preferred Channel Preferred Channel 

to Starboard to Port 

BUOYAGE BUOYAGE 

DIRECTION DIRECTION 

red Color green 

cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar 

single red cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single green cone, point upward 

red with one green horizontal band Color green with one red horizontal band 

cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar 

single red cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single green cone, point upward 

Lights (if any): may have any phase characteristic other than that used for preferred channels 

Quick Flashing 

Flashing 

Long Flashing 

Group Flashing 

/LJKWVLIDQ\DUHFRPSRVLWHJURXSÀDVKLQJ

Fl (2+1) 

124 
IALA Maritime Buoyage System Appendix 1
 

Region B


Lateral Marks
 

Port Hand Starboard Hand Preferred Channel Preferred Channel 

to Starboard to Port 

BUOYAGE BUOYAGE 

DIRECTION DIRECTION 

green Color red 

cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar 

single green cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single red cone, point upward 

green with one red horizontal band Color red with one green horizontal band 

cylindrical (can), pillar, spar Buoy conical (nun), pillar, spar 

single green cylinder (can) Topmark (if any) single red cone, point upward 

Lights (if any): may have any phase characteristic other than that used for preferred channels 

Quick Flashing 

Flashing 

Long Flashing 

Group Flashing 

/LJKWVLIDQ\DUHFRPSRVLWHJURXSÀDVKLQJ

Fl (2+1) 

125 
Appendix 1 IALA Maritime Buoyage System
 

Cardinal Marks in Regions A and B 

/LJKWVZKHQ¿WWHGDUHZKLWH

N 

W E POINT OF 

INTEREST 

NE 

SW 

NW 

SE 

or Q 

VQ 

VQ (3) 5s 

or Q (3) 10s 

VQ (9) 10s 

or Q (9) 15s 

VQ (6) + L Fl 10s 

or Q (6) + L Fl 15s 

S 

126 
IALA Maritime Buoyage System Appendix 1 

Regions A and B 

Isolated Danger Marks Safe Water Marks Special Marks 

Color 

Buoy 

Topmark (if any) 

black with one or more red horizontal band(s) 

RSWLRQDOEXWQRWFRQÀLFWLQJZLWKODWHUDOPDUNV

pillar or spar preferred 

DOZD\V¿WWHGZLWKGRXEOHVSKHUHV

Color 

Buoy 

Topmark (if any) 

red and white vertical stripes 

spherical, pillar or spar 

single red sphere 

Color 

Buoy 

Topmark (if any) 

yellow 

RSWLRQDOEXWQRWFRQÀLFWLQJZLWKODWHUDOPDUNV

single yellow “X” shape 

Lights (if any) Lights (if any) Lights (if any) 

Color 

Rhythm 

white 

JURXSÀDVKLQJ

Color 

Rhythm 

white 

Iso 

Color 

Rhythm 

yellow 

Fl Y 

Oc Fl (4) Y 

L Fl 10s 

Morse “A” 

May have any rhythm other than those used for 

white lights on cardinal, isolated danger or safe 

water marks. 

127 
128
 
Record of Corrections
 

Notice No. Corrected on Corrected by Notice No. Corrected on Corrected by Notice No. Corrected on Corrected by 

129 


350 

10 0 

0 

C Marsh 

3.0 kn 

DW 

RED

GREEN 

Section Key 

A INT 500 Mercator Projection &KDUW1XPEHU7LWOHDQG0DUJLQDO1RWHV 6FDOHDW/DWƍ 7th Ed., Mar. 5/09 DEPTHS IN METERS 412 

B
 LOCAL MAGNETIC ANOMALY 3RVLWLRQV'LVWDQFHV'LUHFWLRQVDQG&RPSDVV (see note) 

1DWXUDO)HDWXUHV

D clr 20.0 &XOWXUDO)HDWXUHV Tel 

FIXED BRIDGE 

HOR CL 25 FT 

VERT CL 20 FT 

E /DQGPDUNV TANK (202) 

F Ports 1 

2.5 kn 

0 Overhead power 

cable Tide rips 9 10 11 1

H
 Tides and Currents
 Safe vertical clearance

8 2 (magenta)

(see Note) 7 3 Charted vertical

6 clearance 5 4 

15 89 I
 Unsurveyed 30 FEET 'HSWKV APR 2011 13 10 12 13 10 119 17 

J Nature of the Seabed Gravel Rock 

K Rocks, Wrecks and Obstructions 35 Rk Crib 

L Offshore Installations Fl.Y Prod Well Pipe 

(cov 24ft) Crib Well 

“Name” 

M
 Tracks and Routes
 Ra VHF 80 

N Disposal Area 92 Log boom $UHDVDQG/LPLWV Depths from survey

of 2010 85 

P
 /LJKWV
 Fl.WRG.4s 

21m 18-12M 

Bn Q R Buoys and Beacons RG Bn R 

Q(6)+LFI 15s R
 )RJ6LJQDOV
 HORN(1) 15s Fl 3s 70m 29M BELL WHIS SIREN Mo(N) 60s

CONSOL Bn S Radar, Radio and Satellite Navigation Systems 190 kHz 

MMF 

T Services NWS SIG STA 

U 6PDOO&UDIW/HLVXUH)DFLOLWLHV