### All American Energy Services,LLC 301 W. Broadway Street Gainesville, Texas 76240 (940)665-9105 www.allamericanenergyservices.net October 12, 2015 U.S. Department ofTransportation DocketManagementSystem 1200 New Jersey Ave.,SE Washington, DC 20590 '--· """

--·. .....: "'\ f.,



### Re: Exemption RequestPursuantto Section 333 oftheFAA Modernizationand Reform Act of2012,49 U.S.C. 

### §44701(t),

### and Part 11 oftheFederalAviation Regulations Dear Sir orMadam: All American Energy Services, LLC. ("AA Energy"), pursuant to Section 333 oftheFAA Modernization and Reform Act of2012 (the "Reform Act") ("Section 333"), Subsection (f) of49 U.S.C. §44701, and 14 C.F.R. Part 11, is requesting an exemption from the Federal Aviation Regulations ("FARs") listed below and discussed in Appendix A to allowAA Energy to conduct commercial operations with Tuffwing UAV mapper Unmanned Aircraft System ("UAS") (the "Tuffwing") to provide surveying and energy development services, which are primarily located in remote unpopulated areas with minimal air traffic. These services include obtaining still photographs, real-time video, and other datataken by onboard sensors to monitor operations, environmental conditions, and forestland security. Performing these services with a UAS is in the public interest for several reasons, which are detailed further herein and include: (1) minimizing safety risks inherent in manned operations, both in the air and onthe ground; (2) inspecting locations where humans are not able to go; (3) enhancing capabilities to utilize the UAS to assist first responders on safety orenvironmental incidents; (4) improving access control/securityto sites; and (5) monitoring environmental conditions. The battery-powered Tuffwing weighs 54 ounces and has a flight time of40-45 minutes depending on operating conditions. It

### employs a self-stabilizing aircraft configuration with stability augmentation avionics that provides ease-of-control and steady video imagery. Its high- performance design leverages advanced composite materials, innovative electronics, and cutting-edge sensor technology to increase mission capabilities and make Tuffwing a reliable and accurate solutionto meet a variety ofindustry needs.
Operations underthe exemptionwill be conducted under the limitations and conditions set forth in Appendix Band as may be modified by the FAA as required by Section 333.2. Use ofthe Tuffwing in AAEnergy's operations as proposed herein, wouldprovide significant public safety benefits over existing inspection and survey operations, while operating safely withinthe National Airspace System ("NAS"). Use ofUAS offers numerous safety benefits for operations on the ground. First, the use ofUAS would alleviatethe need for personnel to perform difficult and dangerous manual inspections ofremote, Page 1

### hazardous, orinaccessible locations alongpipelines orfacilities. Second, UAS will be able to more quickly andthoroughly assess safety conditions ofroads used by vehicles following storm events. Third, use ofUAS would increase situational awareness ofthe surroundings and help prevent conflicts if wildlife orunauthorized personnel gain access to theproperty, or ifa wildfire orother event threatened the facilities. Finally, the use ofUAS would improve visual access to areas that are offlirnitsto foot traffic and machinery due to risk ofunstable, shifting earth ormoving water. The use ofUAS would provide AA Energy's clients with additional data it canuseto conduct safer and more efficient operations. For inspections now conducted bymanned aircraft, use ofthe UAS for these services will reduce the need to operate manned aircraft ina difficult environment and reduce the environmental impact ofconventional aircraft operations. In addition, the small, lightweight, and easily controllable operating characteristics ofthe Tuffwingprovide for safe operations overthe remote or uninhabited locations ofgas development and timberland. This feature would also be beneficial in surveying from above in detail features offacilities that itwould be too dangerous to fly manned aircraft close to. Our clients also maintain strict control over access to their facilities, require all personnel to wearpersonal protective gear, includinghard hats andsafety glasses, and attend site-specific safety hazard briefings to be onsite, so these proposed operations would not endangerworkers onsite. ·Althoughthe Tuffwing canbe. operatedby one person, AAEnergy's flight operations will always involve atleasttwo people as requiredby the FAA: a vehicle operator ("VO") and a mission operator ("MO"). The VO is responsible for flying the UAS, monitoring its status and flight dynamics, while keeping the flight withinthemanufacturer's specified operational limits to ensure safe operation ofthe vehicle. MOs will be responsible for monitoringthe airspace for other aircraft and hazards and advising the VO before and during flight ofall such observed risks. In additionto completing AA Energy's training, the VO will hold atleast a state-issued motorvehicle driver's license, While AAEnergy has modeled its request offofPart 333 Exemption grants as ofthe date ofits application, AAEnergy requests thatthe FAA treatAAEnergy's application as requesting the most lenient reliefgrantedto similar applicants atthe time ofadjudication. Additionally, shouldthe FAA modify any ofits UAS operating conditions through exemptions orotherwise after adjudicating AA Energy's application, AA Energy requests blanket approval to operate it's UAS in accordance withthe more lenient operating conditions. AAEnergy reserves the rightto supplement or amend its application. Applicant Information: The name ofthe applicant is: All American Energy Services, LLC. The primary contact for this application is: Shelley Head, 301 W. Broadway Street, Gainesville, TX 76240;940-665-9105 Email: Shead@Songratus.com
Exemptions Requested: All American Energy Services, LLC requests exemptions from the following regulations: 14 C.F.R. Part 21; 14 C.F.R. 61.113(a) and (b); 14 C.F.R. 91.7(a); 14 C.F.R. 91.119(c); 14 C.F.R. 91.121; 14 C.F.R. 91.151(a); 14 C.F.R. 91.405(a); 14 C.F.R. 91.407(a)(1); 14 C.F.R. 91.409(a)(l) and (2); 14 C.F.R. 91.417(a) and (b). · Page 2

### Airworthiness ofthe UAS: Subpart H, entitled Airworthiness Certificates, establishes procedural requirements for the issuance of airworthiness certificates as required by CFR §91.203 (a) (1). Giventhe size and limited operating area associated with the aircraft to be utilized by AA Energy, an exemption from Part 21 Subpart H meets the requirements ofan equivalent level ofsafety under Part 11 and Section 333 ofthe Reform Act. Section. 44701 (f) ofthe Act and Section 333 ofthe Reform Actboth authorize the FAAto exempt aircraft from the requirementfor an airworthiness certificate upon considerationofthe size, weight, speed, operational capability and proximity to airports and populated areas ofthe particular UAS. In all cases, an analysis ofthese criteria demonstrates that the UAS operated without an airworthiness certificate, in the restricted environment and under the conditions proposedhereinwill be at least as safe, or safer, than a conventional aircraft (fixed wing or rotorcraft) operating with an airworthiness certificate without the restrictions and conditions proposed. The Tuffwing is a more recently developed system. It

### does, however, utilize industry- standard sensors and controls, whichprovide numerous fail safes. The Tuffwing is equipped with automated features for safe takeoff, flight, and landings in varying conditions. The shorter flight times and very high maneuverability will dictate that this system will be used in close proximity to the operator and atlower altitudes, whichwill increase the safety ofthe system. Tuffwing Operator's Manual will be provided. Pre- andpost-flight inspections and systems checks will precede and follow each flight following a prescribed protocoL Test flights are conducted following any upgrades to system software, firmware, or hardware to ensure safety ofoperations. Unlike other civil aircraft, operations underthis exemption will betightly controlled and monitored by AA Energypursuant to the Safety Checklist'srequirements, and under the requirements and in compliance with local public safety requirements, to provide security for the area ofoperation as is now done with conventional aerial mapping and sunieying. These safety enhancements, which already apply to civil aircraft operated in connection withmapping and surveying operations, provide a greater degree ofsafetyto the public and property owners than conventional operations conducted with airworthiness certificates issued under 14 C.P.R. Part 21, Subpart H. Application ofthese same criteriademonstrates that there is no credible threat to national security posedby the UAS, due to its size, speed ofoperations, location ofoperation, lack ofexplosive materials orflammable liquid fuels and inabilityto carry a substantial external load. Operating Conditions: AA Energy requests an exemption subjectto the conditions listed in Appendix B, which are substantially similarto the operating conditions required for the FAA's previous grants ofexemptions under Section 333. In accordance withthe conditions approved inprevious exemption grants, AA Energy is requesting authority to operate the Tuffwing within visual line ofsight andbelow 200 feet AGL. The area ofoperations would include those lands owned or leased by AA Energy's clients inthe ranching, natural gas, oil, utilities, wildlife, ortimberland management industries across the United States. Given thatthe operating sites are often not flat, AA Energy will use the elevation ofthe highest predominant terrain within 1

### mile ofthe launchpoint and within the visual line ofsight as a ground reference pointto establishthe 200 feet ceiling. In other words, AA Energy will not operate the
Page 3

### Tuffwing any higher than 200 feet above the highestpoint within 1mile from the launchpoint, and will only do so providedthe UAS is within the line ofsight. These operating conditions, along with those listed in Appendix B, would provide an equivalent level ofsafety for the reasons described below. First, AA Energy's clients are generally located inremote areas thatrarely see airtraffic thatthey are not aware ofin advance. Second, flight operations in many of AA Energy's client locations are limited due to the terrain. In addition to the requirement thatpilots must fly at least 500 feet AGL, the FAA recommends thatpilots operating under Visual FlightRules ("VFR") fly overridges with at least 1,000 feet clearance. Pilots flying under instrument flight rules ("IFR") overmountainous areas must fly at "an altitude of2,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of4 nautical miles from the course to be flown. 1 

### Giventhe locations ofourprojects and FAA minimum flight altitudes, theTuffwing will be able to operate belowaltitudes in use by manned aircraft. Third, the VO will operate the Tuffwing from higher elevations inregard to project area when possible, allowing the MO to maintainfull visibility ofthe airspace over the project to avoid conflict with any manned aircraft. AAEnergy will use a MO who will stayin radio contact withthe VO ifthe terrain warrants it. Fourth, AAEnergy's operational procedures will require VOs to deconflict by suspending all UAS operations when a manned aircraft operates within airspace infringement boundaries, greatly reducing the riskto any manned aircraft.The VO will be able to immediately landthe UAS whenthe VO or MO spot another manned aircraft within the planned area ofoperations or safety personnel direct cessation ofUAS operations. Fifth, AAEnergy maintains contact with any personnel onsite, requiring all personnel to wearpersonal protective gear, including hard hats and safety glasses, and mandates site specific safety training as required by clients. Non-participant AAEnergy employees will carry radios and be alerted before UAS operations begin. These safeguards, along withthe UAS's light weight, provide an equivalent level of safety for non-participants to be closer than 500 feet. Sixth, the Tuffwing is equipped withvisible strobe lights that will alert any manned aircraft in the area to its position.

·Seventh, the Turffwing flight software, Pixhawk Mission Planner manufactured by 3DRobotics, provides many built-in functional and safety features to assist the VO in safe and reliable operation. Both systems can operate autonomously in "Navigation" mode. In Navigation mode, the VO selects waypoints, rally points, and a landing areabefore launching. The UAS then uses GPS navigation to follow the pre-selected flightpath. The UAS also can be flown in a semi-autonomous mode in whichthe UAS flight software maintains a presetaltitude and airspeed and the VO controls heading. Additionally,

1FAA Aviation Safety Program, Tips on Mountain Flying, available at https://www.faa.gov/regulations policies/handbooks manuals/aviation/media/tips on mountain flying.pdf. Pilots operating underVFR also must operate at an altitude that would allow them to make an "emergency landing without undue hazard to persons orproperty on the surface." 14 C.F.R. § 91.119(a). 6 FAR91.177(a)(2)(i). Page4

### the flight software allows the VO to set certain fail safes, i.e. actions the UAS will take in response to loss oflink, loss ofGPS, and lowbattery regardless ofthe flight mode inwhich the UAS is currently operating. For example, the VO canconfigure the failsafe so that, in a loss oflink situation, the UAS flies to a pre-setwaypoint and loiters for a shorttime to give the UAS time toreconnect with the ground control station and lands at a pre-set landing spot ifloss oflinkpersists beyond a pre-determined length oftime. The VO can do the same for lowbattery situations. Finally, any riskpresented bypossible helicoptermedical evacuation flights wouldbemitigated byrequiring the VO to terminate UAS operations at the command ofsafety personnel orthe MO. The VO will maintain constant radio contact with safety personnel. AAEnergy requests authorization to operatethe Tuffwing less than 500 feet from nonparticipating employees withoutbarriers or structures to protect them, provided they wear customary safety gear (e.g. hard hats). An equivalent level ofsafety is provided because the UAS's weight, materials, and reliability, along with the required operator training and operating environment, prevent these systems from posing a serious riskto clients/employees wearing personal**prot~ective** 

### gear. Operator Requirements: Sections 61.113(a) and (b) limitprivate pilots to non-commercial operations. Because the UAS will not carry a pilot orpassengers, the proposed operations can achieve the equivalent level ofsafety ofcurrent operations by requiring the PICs operatingthe UAS to have a private pilot's license rather than a commercial pilot's license to operatethe UAS. Unlike a conventional aircraftthat carries the pilot and passengers, the UAS is remotely-controlled withno livingthing on board. The area ofoperation is controlled and restricted, and all flights are planned and coordinated in advance as set forth in the Safety Checklist. The level ofsafety provided by the requirements included inthe Safety Checklist exceeds that provided by a single individual holding a commercial pilot's certificate operating a conventional aircraft. The risks associated withthe operation ofthe UAS are so diminished from the level ofrisk associated with commercial operations contemplated by Part 61 when drafted, that allowing operations ofthe UAS as requested with a private pilot as the PIC exceeds thepresent level ofsafety achieved by 14 C.F.R. §61.113(a) and (b). Public Interest: AAEnergy respectfully submits that its use oftheUAS in lieu ofmanned operations, which are currently conducted with conventional fixed wing and rotary aircraft, offers a net safetybenefit and will achieve an enhanced level ofsafety, as mandated under Section 333(c) ofthe Reform Act. Approval of this application also will benefit the public interest by allowing better, safer, and more cost efficient information gathering for the ecosystem services and energy development industries. Conventional aerial survey and inspection operations using manned aircraft involve very heavy aerial vehicles that musttransitto the operational location and carry significant quantities ofcombustible fuels and a multiperson crew in piloting and observation roles. These operations become evenmore difficult inthe energy and forestry industries due to the terrain. By contrast, the Tuffwing weighs 3.375 lbs., including itspayload, uses a battery for power, is carried to and from the area ofactivity, removes the need for airborne pilots and observers, and poses less riskto people and infrastructure onthe ground, as well as other aircraft. Additionally, no national security issue is raised bythe grant ofthe requested exemptions due to the UAS's small size and load-carrying capacity, as well as its operational limitations and absence offlammable fuel. On the otherhand, the use ofthese systems is likely to enhance national security throughbetter and more accurate monitoring ofcritical national infrastructure. The grant ofthe Page 5

### requested exemption is inthe public interestbased onthe clear direction in Section 333 and 49 U.S.C. § 44701(f),5 the equivalent and enhanced level ofsafety ofthe proposed operations, the significantpublic benefit, and cost savings tobe realized as a result ofthe use ofUAS for aerial inspection and survey services.2 

### Moreover, the FAAhas granted similar exemptions for UAS used to conducthigh resolution aerial imaging and surveying operations.3 

### Accordingly, the applicantrespectfully requests that the FAA grant the requested exemption without delay. Privacy Concerns: 

### The proposed operations will take place only in largelyunpopulated, remote areas that are owned or leased, and access controlled by AA Energy's clients. Access to these areas is generally restricted to employees and authorized personnel only. No privacy issues are raised by this application. Federal Register Summary: 

### Pursuantto 14 C.F.R. § 

### 11.81(f), the following summary is provided for publication inthe Federal Register, should the FAA determine thatpublication is needed: DocketNo.: No. FAA-2015- Petitioner: All AmericanEnergy Services, LLC Section of 14 C.F.R.: Part 21, § 61.113(a) and (b), § 91.7(a), § 91.119(c), § 91.121, § 91.151(a), § 91.405(a), § 91.407(a)(1), § 91.409(a)(2), § 

### 91.41?(a) and (b). Description ofReliefSought: AA Energy is seeking an exemptionto conduct commercial operations using a small unmanned aircraft (55 pounds orless) inremote areas ofthe United States.

AAEnergy requests thatthe FAA notrequestpublic comment onits applicationbecause it would not set a precedent and because the reliefrequested is identical to exemptions granted previously. 14 C.F.R. 

### § 11.87.

2 Under49 U.S.C. §44701(t), the "Administrator may grant an exemption from a requirement ofa regulation prescribed

under subsection (a) or (b) ofthis section or any ofsections 44702-44716 of[Title 49] ifthe Administrator finds the exemption is in the public interest."

3 See ExemptionNos. 11109, 11110, 11136, 11172. Page 6APPENDIX A EXEMPTIONREQUEST ANDEQUIVALENT LEVEL OF SAFETY SHOWINGS UNDER APPLICABLE RULES SUBJECT TOEXEMPTION 

### AA Energy requests anexemptionfrom the following regulations as well as any additional regulations that may technically apply to the operation ofthe TuffwingUAS: 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H: Airworthiness Certificates Part 21, Subpart H, entitled Airworthiness Certificates, establishes the procedural requirements for the issuance ofairworthiness certificates as required by§ 91.203(a)(l ). Given the size and weight ofthe aircraft, the operating conditions, design safety features, and the proposed conditions and limitations, it is unnecessary to go throughthe certificate ofairworthinessprocess underPart 21 Subpart H to achieve orexceed current safety levels. Such an exemption meets the requirements ofan equivalent level of safety under Part 11 and Section 333. Section 333 and 49 U.S.C. § 4470l(f) both authorize the FAA to exempt aircraft from the requirement for an airworthiness certificate, upon consideration ofthe size, weight, speed, operational capability, andproximity to airports andpopulated areas ofthe UAS involved. Inthis case, an analysis ofthese criteriademonstrates thatthe UAS operated without an airworthiness certificate, under the conditions proposed herein, will be at least as safe, or safer, than a conventional aircraft (fixed wing orrotorcraft) with an airworthiness certificate. The Tuffwing weighs 3.375 pounds fully loaded. It will not carry a pilot, passengerorflammable fuel. These UASs operate exclusively within a controlled areapre- disclosed and in compliance with conditions set forth herein. Unlike other civil aircraft, operations under this exemption will be tightly controlled and monitored bythe VO and observer(s), pursuantto the conditions set forth in Appendix B, the Operator's Manual, and local public safety requirements. The lack offlammable fuel and the fact thatthe aircraft is carried to the location and not flown there all establish the equivalent level ofsafety. The UAS provides at least anequivalent level ofsafetyto that ofsuch operations being conducted with conventional aircraft that would be orders-of-magnitude larger and wouldbe carrying passengers, cargo, and flammable fuel. 14 C.F.R. 

### §§ 61.113(a) & 

### (b): Commercial Pilot Privileges Sections 6Lll3(a) & 

### (b) limitprivate pilots to non-commercial operations. Unlike a conventional aircraft that carries a pilot, passengers, and cargo, the Tuffwing is remotely controlled with no passengers or property ofothers on board. The area ofoperation is controlled and restricted, and all flights are planned and coordinated inadvance as set forth in the Operator's Manual. In conjunction with the required training ofthe VO and observers, the level ofsafety provided by the requirements included inthe Operator's Manual exceeds thatprovided by a single individual holding a commercial pilot certificate operating a conventional aircraft. The proposed operations will achieve at least an equivalent level of safety. 14 C.F.R. § 91.7(a): Minimum Safe Altitudes

Page 7Section 91.7(a)prohibits anindividual from operating a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition. No FAA standard exists for determining an aircraft's airworthiness when an airworthiness certificate is not issued. Asthe FAAhas done withprevious exemption grants, airworthiness will be ensured and an equivalent level ofsafety will be achieved by compliance with the operating documents priorto every flight.4 14 C.F.R. 

### § 91.119(c): Minimum Safe Altitudes Section 91.119 establishes safe altitudes for operation ofcivil aircraft. Specifically, Section 91.119( c) limits aircraft flying over areas other than congested areas to analtitude of500 feet above the surface, except over openwater or sparsely populated areas. Inthose cases, the aircraft may not be operated · closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure. Because some ofthe aerial inspection and survey workmust be accomplished at altitudes less than 500 feet AGL and nonparticipating employees will be working within 500 feet ofthe UAS, an exemptionfrom Section 91.119(c) is needed. The equivalent level ofsafety will be achieved because AAEnergy's employees and the client's onsite employees are requiredto wearpersonal protective gear and because the UAS, given its size, weight, speed, and materials, does not pose a serious risk. Also, every flight will be conducted overland owned or controlledbyAAEnergy's clients. Comparedto aerial inspection operations conducted with aircraft orrotorcraft weighing far more than 3.375 pounds (forthe Tuffwing) and carrying flammable fuel, any risk associated withthese operations will be far less thanthose currently allowed with conventional aircraft operating at orbelow 500 feet AGL. 14 C.F.R. 

### § 121: Altimeter Setting Section 121 requires eachperson operating an aircraftto maintain cruising altitude by reference to an altimeterthat is set "to the elevation ofthe departure airport or an appropriate altimeter setting available before departure." As the UAS may nothave a barometric altimeter, but instead a GPS altitude read out, anexemption is required. Anequivalent level ofsafety will be achieved by the operator, pursuantto the Operator's Manual, confirmingthe altitude ofthe launch site shown onthe GPS altitude indicatorbefore flight.

14 C.F.R. 

### § 91.151(a): Fuel Requirements for Flight in VFRConditions This regulation prohibits an individual from beginning "aflight inan airplane under VFR conditions unless (considering wind and forecast weather conditions) there is enough fuel to fly to the first point ofintended landing and, assuming normal cruising speed- 

### (1) During the day, to fly after that for at least 30minutes; or (2) Atnight, tofly after that for at least 45 minutes." The Tuffwing batteries provide approximately 40-45 minutes ofpoweredflight. Without anexemptionfrom 14 C.F.R. 

### § 91.151, the Tuffwing flights would be limitedto approximately 10 minutes inlength becausethe V0 wouldrequire the last 30 minutes to satisfy section 91.15l(a). AA Energy believesthat an exemptionfrom 14 C.F.R. § 91.151 (a) provides an equivalent level of

4 Exemption Nos. 11156, 11158, 11159. Page 8safety and is consistentwithprior exemptions. 8 Operating the UAS, without 30 minutes ofreserve fuel does not engenderthe type ofrisks that Section 91.151 (a) was meantto prevent given the size and speed at whichthe UAS operates. Inthe unlikely event thatthe UAS' battery runs low, it would simply follow the pre-programmed commandto land ata designated location. Givenits weight and construction material, the risks are less than contemplated by the currentregulation. AAEnergybelieves that an equivalent orenhanced level ofsafety can be achieved bymaintaining 10 minutes ofreserve power for the Tuffwing which, allowing at least 30 minutes offlight time, ifnot more, wouldbe more than adequate to returnthe UAS to its planned landing zone from anywhere in its limited operating area.5
14 C.P.R. §§ 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(l ), 91.409(a)(2), and 91.417(a): Maintenance Inspections Section 91.405(a) requires that an aircraft operator orowner "shall have that aircraft inspected as prescribed in subpart E ofthis part and shall betweenrequired inspections, except as provided in paragraph (c) ofthis section, have discrepancies repaired as prescribed inpart43 ofthis chapter." Section 91.407 similarly makes reference to requirements in Part 43. Section 91.409(a)(2) requires an annual inspection for the issuance ofan airworthiness certificate. Section 91.417(a) requires the owner oroperatorto keep records showing certainmaintenance work thathas been accomplishedby certificated mechanics, under Part 43, or licensed pilots and records ofapproval ofthe aircraft for return to service. Pre-flight checks will be performedby a qualified person priorto each flight and atpredefined intervals as part ofthe maintenance schedule. The pre-flight checklistincludes: 1. Visual inspection ofthe airframe; 2. Visual inspections ofpropeller(s); 3. Verify GPS acquisition; 4. Plan andupload mission; 5. Camera and payload check; 6. Controls check; 7. Gyro/control surfaces check; 8. Throttle check; 9. Check sensors; and 10. Verify failsafes are set correctly. An equivalent level ofsafety will be achieved because the UAS will operate only in restricted predetermined areas, and at low altitudes. In addition, the operator will ensure thatthe UAS is in working orderpriorto initiating flight, perform requiredmaintenance, andkeep a log ofany maintenance that is performed. Test flights will be conductedpriorto operations following adjustments to UAS hardware, software, orfirmware. Moreover, the operator is the person mostfamiliar withthe aircraft andis best suited to maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition andto ensure anequivalent

5 Exemption 10673 (allowing Lockheed Martin Corporation to operate without compliance with 91.151 (a)); see also Exemptions 2689F, 5745, 10673 and 10808 Page 9

### level ofsafety. Last, the Operator's Manual will 

### have instructions to develop and document maintenance, overhaul, replacement, and inspectionrequirements. The UAS maintenance guidelines provide an equivalent level ofsafetyto the maintenance requirements in Part 91.

Page 10

### APPENDIX B AAENERGY OPERATING LIMITATIONS 1) 

### Operations authorized bythe grant ofexemption are limitedto the following Tuffwing, weighing 3.375 lbs. 2) The UAS shall not be flown at a ground speed exceeding 60 kts. 3) The UAS will notbe operated at an altitude more than 200 feet above the highest predominantterrain except as may be providedbyFAAAir Traffic Control ("ATC") viaGOA. The highest predominantterrain is defined as terrain within 1mile ofthe launch point and withinthe visual line ofsight ofthe VO. All altitudes reported to ATC shall be in feet AGL. 4) All operations must use a MO. The MO and VO mustbe able to communicate verbally at all times. The VO must be designated before the flight. The VO must ensure thatthe MO canperformthe functions prescribed in the operating documents. 5) The operating documents and this grant ofexemptionmustbe accessible during UAS operations and made available to the Administratoruponrequest. Ifa conflict exists between the conditions and limitations inthe exemption andthe procedures outlined in the operating documents, the conditions and limitations inthe exemptiontake precedence andmustbe followed. Otherwise, AA Energy must follow the procedures as outlined in its operating documents. AA Energy may update or revise its operating documents. It is AA Energy'sresponsibility to track suchrevisions and present updated and revised documents to the Administrator uponrequest. AA Energy must also present updated and revised documents ifitpetitions for extension or amendment to this grant ofexemption. 6) Prior to each flight the VO must inspect the UAS to ensurethat it is in a condition for safe flight. The VO shall not operate the aircraft ifthe inspectionreveals a condition that affects the safe operation ofthe UAS until the necessary maintenance has been performed andthe UAS is found to be ina condition for safe flight. The Ground Control Station, ifutilized, mustbe included inthe preflight inspection. All maintenance and alterations mustbe properly documented in the aircraftrecords. 7) Any UAS thathas undergone maintenance or alterations that affect the UAS operation orflight characteristics (e.g., replacement ofa flight critical component) must undergo a functional testflight in accordance with the Operator's Manual. The VO who conducts the functional test flight must make anentry inthe aircraft records ofthe flight. The requirements and procedures for a functional test flight and aircraft record entry shall be included in the Operator's Manual. 8) The pre-flight inspectionmust account for all discrepancies, e.g. inoperable components, items, or equipment, not already covered inthe relevant sections ofthe Page 11

### operating documents. 9) AA Energy must follow Tuffwing aircraft/component, maintenance, overhaul, replacement, inspection, and life limitrequirements. 1

0) AAEnergy must carry out its maintenance, inspections, and record keeping

requirements, in accordance with the operating documents. Maintenance, inspection, alterations, and status ofreplacement/overhaul componentparts mustbe noted inthe aircraft records, including total time in service, description ofwork accomplished, and the signature oftheperson authorized to return the UAS to service. 11) EachUAS operatedunder this exemptionmust comply with all manufacturer Safety Bulletins. 12) The VO mustpossess at least valid state-issued motorvehicle driver's license. The VO must also meetthe flight reviewrequirements specified in 14 C.F.R. 

### § 61.56 in an aircraft inwhichthe VO is rated onhis orherpilot certificate. 13) AAEnergy may not permit any VO to operate unless the VO meets the operator's qualifi·cation criteria and demonstrates the ability to safely operate the UAS in a manner consistent withhowthe UAS will be operated under this exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining appropriate distances from persons, vessels, vehicles and structures.6 

### VO qualification flight hours and currency must be logged in a manner consistentwith 14 C.F.R. 

### § 61.51 (b). The VO must ensure thatthe MO is trained appropriately in order to fulfill his orher duties. A record oftraining and qualification must be documented and made available upon request by the Administrator. Flights for the purposes oftraining the operator's VOs and MOs (training, proficiency, and experience-building), are permitted under the terms ofthis exemption. However, training operations may only be conducted during dedicated training sessions. During training, proficiency, and experience-building flights, all persons not essential for flight operations are considered nonparticipants, and the VO must operate the UAS with appropriate distance from nonparticipants in accordance with these operating conditions. 14) Operations may not be conducted during night, as defined in 14 C.F.R. 

### § 1.1. All operations must be conducted under visual meteorological conditions ("VMC"). Flights under special visual flight rules ("SVFR") are not authorized. 15) The UAS maynot operate within 5 nautical miles ofan airport reference point as denoted on a current FAA-published aeronautical chart. 16) TheUAS may not be operated less than 500 feet below orless than 2,000 feet horizontally from a cloud or when visibility is lessthan 3 statute miles from the VO.

6 Priordocumented flight experience that was obtained in compliance with applicableregulations may satisfY this requirement. Page 1217) Ifthe UAS loses communications orloses its GPS signal, the UAS mustreturnto a pre- determined location withinthe security perimeter andland orbe recovered in accordance with the Operator's Manual. 18) The VO must abortthe flight inthe event ofunpredicted obstacles or emergencies in accordance withthe Operator's ManuaL 19) UAS operations mustbe completed within 30 minutes flight time. 20) The radio frequency spectrum used for operation and control ofthe UAS must comply with Federal Communication (FCC) or other appropriate government oversight agency requirements. 21) The documents required under 14 C.F.R. §§ 91.9 and 91.203 must be available to the VO atthe Ground Control Station ofthe UAS any time the aircraft is operating. These documents shall be made available to the Administrator or any law enforcement official uponrequest. 22) The UAS mustremain clear and yield the right ofway to all othermanned operations and activities at all times. 23) The UAS may notbe operated from any moving device orvehicle. 24) The UAS may not be operated over congested or densely populated areas. 25) Flight operations mustbe conducted at least 500 feet from all nonparticipating persons, vessels, vehicles, structures, andpublic access roads unless: a. The nonparticipating persons are authorized to access the client's site and are wearingpersonal protective gear; b. Fornon-participants who do not qualify as client employees, barriers or structures are presentthat sufficiently protect them from the UAS and/or debris in the event ofan accident. The operatormust ensure that nonparticipating persons who are not clientemployees remainunder such protection. Ifa situation arises where nonparticipatingpersons who are not clientemployees leave suchprotection and are within 500 feet ofthe UAS, flight operations must cease immediately; or

c. The aircraft is operated near vessels, vehicles or structures where the owner/controller ofsuch vessels, vehicles or structures has granted permission and the VO has made a safety assessment ofthe risk ofoperating closerto those objects and determined that it does notpresentan undue hazard. 26) Operations nearerthan 500 feet to the VO, MO, operatortrainees or essential persons as defined inthe operating documents are permitted ifthose operations do not present an undue hazardto those persons per § 91.119(a) as determined bythe V

### 0.

Page 13

### 27) All operations must be conducted over remote, private, or controlled-access property. 28) Any incident, accident, or flight operation thattransgresses the lateral or vertical boundaries ofthe operational area as defined by the applicable COA shall be reported to the FAA's.UAS Integration Office (AFS-80) within 24 hours. Accidents must be reported to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) per instructions contained onthe NTSB Web site: www.ntsb.gov.

Page 14

### APPENDIX C SMALL UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

UAS SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

UAS Operating Overview

- Tuffwing: The Tuffwing is a fixed-wing aircraft constructed ofEPP foam and rugged carbon fiber composite. It 

### has fully autonomous operation for takeoff, navigation, and landing.

Parameter Wingspan 48 in Length 18 in Weight fully loaded 54 oz (well belowthe 4.4 bl FAAproposed requirement for Micro UAS Weight, with EO side-lookpayload 3.375 lbs Payload Wireless Range 5-15kmLOS Cruise Speed (Best) 26 kts (30 mph) Endurance (Dash speed) 52 kts (60 mph) Stall Speed 25 kts (29 mph) Max wind 20 kts sustained, 30 kts gusting Precipitation None Flight Rate 40-45 mins Climb Rate Launch 500 ft/min@ 2,000 AMSL Launch Hand launch, no catapult Landing Autonomous ormanual

Page 15The UAS canbe operated infully autonomous flight modes. Creating pre-planned flight paths to fly in autonomous mode is as simple as clicking onthe map to create a pre-planned flight path. Pre-mission waypoints, landing zone points, and flight area dimensions can all be entered during preflight, ensuring the UAS operates only within specified parameters. The Tuffwing includes many advanced safety features thatmakes itthe safest choice for areas like pipeline construction. Built-inintelligentfault handling allows the UAS to detect a system fault while in the air, and to automatically respond with a set command (one such option being to fly back to a preselected rally point and land). Faults thatcanbe detected include: loss ofcommunication, loss of GPS, and lowbattery levels. In addition, the operatorcancreate no fly zones, andthe system will visually and audibly warn the operator ifthe planned flight path would enter the no fly zone. Operator's Manual- The Tuffwing Operator's Manual will be provided under separate coverwith a request for confidential treatment. Power

- The Tuffwing and its ground control station are bothpowered by a Lithium polymer rechargeable batterypack. A newbattery has a fully charged voltage ofapproximately 12.4V. A "fullpack" has a capacity of4 Amp-hours. An additional "half-pack" can be installed for extended operation. A new "half-pack" has a fully charged voltage of 12.4V and a capacity of2 Amp-hours. The Tuffwing's battery charge is displayed in real-time onthe ground control terminal, ensuring maximum flight duration and safety. Takeoffand Landing style/type

- The Tuffwing is hand launched. The Tuffwing lands byreturning to a pre-determinedrally point and beginning a spiral descent. Once it reaches a preselected altitude, itheads toward the landing waypoint, descending until itlands and skids to a stop or it canmanually landed. Navigation System- Specific maps can be downloadedto the display screen (such as air sectional and geographic maps) which are overlaidwith GPS positional data. Waypoints canbe created before and during flight operation creating specific locations and sequences for the aircraft. Defined "Keep Out" Areas

- The navigation software allows for preplanning Keep OutAreas that allow the operatorto designate airspace he or she does not wantthe Tuffwing to enter. Ifdefined flight paths pass through an area designated as keep-out, the individual waypoints and waypoint connection segments turn red as a warning. Additionally, ifa mission is uploaded and intersects with a keep out area, a warning is presentedto the user. Also, ifan aircraft in flight is navigated into a designated keep out area, an audible warning is sounded. Maintenance- The Tuffwing UAS needs very little maintenance, and operators may performmost required maintenance in the field with the field repairkit. Command and Control Systems

- The UAS Ground Control Station (GCS) allows the operator simultaneous control over aircraft andpayloads. The display screenprovides all essential flight datato the operator. Telemetry data is transmittedtothe command station atleast onceper second. Displayed on GCS: • Currentposition • Registered home position

Page 16

### • Any autopilot flight plans • Registered emergency landing zone • Aircraft attitude • Altitude • Airspeed • Groundspeed • Compass reading/heading • Estimatedwindheading • Communication strength • Range from home • Bearing from home • Duration ofcurrentmission • Rate ofclimb • Mode ofthe aircraft • Batterylevel Emergency Procedures and System Failures 

### Loss of Link- The UAS does notneed constant signal from the GCS to continue flying. Communications outages are detected by the system and are reported to the VO. During the communication outage, the UAS continues on its pre-determined flight pathuntil a failsafe is triggered. Once a failsafe is triggered, the UAS will perform in accordance withthe failsafe conditions uploaded before launch. This is accomplished without input from the operator. Security The system and communication links are spread spectrum.
Operational Characteristics Characteristic Yes/No Lights Out Operation No VFR Operations Yes FROperations !No Day Operations Yes Night Operations No

Avionics Equipment Equipment jYes/No GPS

# ~ Moving Map Indicator Tracking Capability No TCAIMCAS Collision Avoidance No ELT (Falcon Tracker) !Yes Transponder No
Page 17

### The UAS canbe operated in fully autonomous flight modes. Creating pre-planned flight pathsto fly in autonomous mode is as simple as clicking onthe map to create apre-planned flight path. Pre-mission waypoints, landing zone points, and flight area dimensions can all be entered during preflight, ensuring the UAS operates only within specifiedparameters. Built-inintelligent fault handling allows the UAS to detect a system fault while inthe air, and to automatically respond with a set command (one such option being to fly backto a pre-selectedrally pointand land). Faults that can be detected include: loss ofcommunication, loss ofGPS, and lowbattery levels.

Page 18

# UAve§>MAPPER

Airframe Assembly Manual



# Got Questions? 830-446-1500 Talk or Text TuffWing LLC Boerne, Texas USA

www.tuffwing.com

### Kit contents 1. EPP wing set 2. 1/8" ply motor mount set 3. 1/8" ply servo mount plate 4. 1/8" ply airspeed sensor mountwith zip ties 5. Control horns (2) 6. Coroplast center wing panel wrap top and bottom pieces 7. Coroplast hatch 8. Coroplast winglets 9. Coroplast servo covers for wing bottom 10. Coroplast wing cutfillers (2) 11. 4mm Coroplast center wing ribs 12. Coroplast accessory mounts (2) 13. 10mm x 30.75" carbon fiber tube- center wing spar (1) 14. 10mm x 25.9" carbon fiber tube -leading edge wing spars (2) 15. 4 mm x 19.5" carbon fiber tube- elevon spars (2) 16. Control rod with Z bend (2) 17. Control rod quick connect (2) 18. Velcro set 19. 3mm x 8mm motor mount screws (4) 20. Servo extensions, 12" 21. Assembly manual 

### Building materials - Not included
• Medium CA. Foam safe NOT required. • CA accelerator. 

### Electronics - Not included
• Brushless outrunner motor-Turnigy SK3- 3530-1340KV. • 40 plus amp brushless speed control with 3.5mm female bullet connectors. {Turnigy Plush 40) • APC 9x4.5E electric propeller. • Servos (2) Spektrum A5040 or Corona DS329MG. • PixHawk autopilot with airspeed sensor and telemetry radios. (3DR or HKPilot). • Spektrum transmitter with Elevon/Delta mixing and satellite receiver. (Taranis or Futaba with S.Bus are fine) • 6000 mAh 3S LiPo battery • Male and female XT60 connectors. • LiPo battery charger • Canon Powershot S110 • Pixhawk to Canon camera trigger cable. (tuffwing.com) 

### Install the Spars

1. Fitthe black Coroplast center cutfiller into the cut on the EPP center wing. 2. Align the parts by sliding the 10mm x30.75" carbon fiber spar through the parts. 3. Apply CA to both sides ofthe coroplast center cut filler. Avoid getting CA on the center spar. It's justthere for alignment. Press the parts together and CA accelerator on

4. Use sandpaper to scuff both sides ofthe 4mm Coroplast center wing ribs. 5. Apply medium CA to coroplast center rib side facing the foam. Do not glue spars. 6. Spray CA accelerator on the foam. 7. Align rib using leading edge and center spars, then press pieces together. 8. install both centerwing ribs. Do not glue spars.**~>-** 

### .. r---"'""""1

Slide a wing half onto the center spar. Leave a 1" gap. 10.Apply CA to foam. 11. Spray CA accelerator on the Coroplast center rib.

®2015. TuftWing LLC. All rights reserved.Slide in the 10mm x 25.9" leading edge spar flush with wing root, then push wing root flush with center rib. Align pieces by pushing leading edge spar all the way into the center section. 2. Press pieces together tightly until CA cures. Do both wings. 3. Liberally drip medium CA into leading edge and center spar grooves. Spraywith CA accelerator. 

### Glue Coroplast to centersection


# 0

Note camera fens opening right ofcenter while plane is upside down. 1. Test fit the Coroplast main center section so the camera circle is offset right when looking atthe bottom ofthe plane
- see photo. 2. Lay the wing upside down. 3. Liberally apply medium CAto the foam center section. 4. Spray Coroplast center wing panel wrap with CA accelerator. 5. Carefully and quickly align Coroplast center wing panel wrap with motor mount opening and Coroplast center wing ribs. 6. Press ve until the CAcures. 7. Test fold the Coroplast center wing panel wrap. Carefully warming the Coroplast with a heat gun will make it more malleable. 8. Liberally apply medium CA to the top foam center section. 9. Spray Coroplast center wing panel wrap with CA accelerator. 10. Carefully and quickly push over and align the Coroplast center wing panel wrap with motor mount opening and Coroplast center wing ribs. 11. Press firm until CA cures.

apply medium CA to the rear top foam center section. 13. Spray Coroplast top center wing panel wrap with CA accelerator. 14. Carefully and quickly align the Coroplast top center wing panel with motor mount opening and Coroplast center wing ribs. Press very firm until CA cures.

15. Test accessory panels on wing. Panel with hole goes on right wing. 16. Line up V-notch on panel with V-notch cut on root end ofwing. See red circle in photo above. 17. Scuff bottom side of Coroplast with fine sandpaper. 18. Liberally apply CA to bottom side of coroplast. Spray CA accelerator on foam. Align and firmly press Coroplast to wing.

© 2015. TuffWing LLC. All rights reserved. 21. Poke hole in foam through hole in right Coroplast panel. The hole lines up with the servo wire groove below. 2. Feed Pixhawk arm switch wire through hole and into the main bay. 

### Glue controlhorn



# ~ I 

# I 1. Drip medium CA into the control horn gap. 2. Quickly press the control horn into the gap. 3. Spray with CA accelerator. 4. Do both sides. 

### Glue servo base cover


# n

1: 1/4":

.. ..At.

. -' 1. Apply medium CA on the foam wing 1/2" wide around the perimeter of the servo cutout hole. 2. Spray CA accelerator on the servo cover. 3. Leave a 1/4"gap between the two cut outs to allow the servo lead to pass through. 4. Do both sides 

### Install the Servo Plate

Apply medium to the bottom ofthe servo mount plate. 2. Spray CA Accelerator on the wing top. 3. Line up the servo mount plate and press firmly. 4. Do both sides. 

### Install the Quick Connect 

# •

1. Insertthe pushrod quick connect on the tip side ofthe wing as shown. Press the black nylon washer on with pliers. 

### Install the Servos

1. servo in each servo mount plate as shown. 2. Install the pushrod into the second hole from the end. 3. Important! Use thread lock on the servo arm screw after

**~ou** have centered it.

© 2015. TuffWing LLC. All rights reserved. 34. Connect servo extension. 5. Tuck servo extension into groove on wing bottom. 6. Push wire through opening into electronics bay. 7. Tack servo extension to servo groove with hot glue. Do not use CA as it will be too permanent. 

### Glue the Winglets

Scuff surface of winglet with fine sandpaper that will be glued to the wing tip. 2. Apply medium CA to a wing tip. 3. Spray winglet with CA accelerator. 4. Align front and bottom edges, then firmly press together until CA cures. Do both sides. 

### Build the motormount

1. Glue the sides on with medium CA 2. Glue the top and bottom with medium CA

Test fit the motor mount in the cut out in the rear ofthe plane. 4. Apply medium CA to the motor mountwhere it will contact the plane. Do not us CA accelerator. 5. Quickly and firmly push the mount in place. Do not hesitate as the CA may grab before the mount is properly set. 

### Install the motor

1. Install the X mount and prop adapter. Included with the Turnigy SK3-3530-1340KV. 2. Trim the shaft with a rotary tool from the back of the motor as seen in the photo.

© 2015. TuftWing LLC. All rights reserved. 43. Mount the motorto the motor mount with the four 3mmx8mm screws. 

### Build the airspeedpitotmount 

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1. Strap the airspeed pitot to the 1/8" ply mount with zip ties. 

### Install Velcro

1,...--------,

Note: Install Velcro hooks on the plane and Velcro loops on the components. That way you can easily swap damaged components or airframe. 1. Electronics hatch 2. Airspeed pitot 3. Camera 4. Telemetry 5. GPS/Compass 6. Spektrum satellite 7. Pixhawk 8. Buzzer 9. ESC 10. Airspeed sensor 11. 12Ghub 

### Installautopilot(Pixhawk)

Velcro to ofcomponents. 2. Stick components to as shown in previous

· ·drawing. • -- 3. Setup the Pixhawk as described at http://plane.ardupilot.com. 

### Center ofGravity There is balance hole on the bottom ofthe Coroplast hatch. As long as the plane balances or falls forward you're good. Tail heavy will be nearly impossible to fly. Nose heavy is fine. Add nose weight for first flights without camera. 

### Set the control throws
• 5/8" up • 5/8" down • Move stick right: Right elevon up, left elevon down • Move stick left: Left elevon up, right elevon down • Move stick forward: Both elevens down • Move stick back: Both elevens up

© 2015. TuffWing LLC. All rights reserved. 5Install Mission Planner and connectyour UAV Mapperto yourground station usingthe telemetry radios/a> 1. Download and install Mission Planner on your Windows PC.

2. Connect your telemetry radio to a USB port on your PC. 3. Connect your batteryto your UAV Mapper. Do not arm your UAV Mapper.

4. Start Mission Planner and select the CONNECT button on the top right. Note: Complete instructions withtrouble shooting.

Calibrate your compass You must recalibrate the compass each time you move your UAV Mapperto a new flight location. /p>

# •

1. Start Mission Planner} Connectyour UAV Mapperto Mission Planner and select Initial Setup> Mandatory H; 2. Select Pixhawk/PX4, then select Live Calibration.3. Select Rotate with each data point and Use AutoAccept. 4. Rotate your UAV Mapperon all axes until the calibration completes. The final offsets will be displayed (3 nun below 250 then you can assume they are good. Note:Complete compass calibration documentation.
·Flight modes The UAV Mapper is preprogrammed**wi~h** 3 flight modes- Stabilize, Auto, and Return to Launch (RTL). Flight modes< other switches are disabled.

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• Stabilize- Standard RC control with simple stabilization. Ifyou let go ofthe sticks your UAV Mapper will auto
• Auto- Your UAV Mapperwill follow the waypoints in the mission you have setup and uploaded to the Pixhav
• RTL (Return to launch) Your UAV Mapperwill return to the location and loiter at 100 meters above where< Always connect your UAV Mapper battery where you want it to return.

iTransmitter control check ;Place your UAV Mapperon a level surface, turn the transmitter on, select Stabilize on yourtransmitterflight modes, press the Arm button.

1 left stick back: Motoroff. 

## !leftstick forward: Motoron full. Have a helper hold your UAV Mapper.

Right stick forward: Both elevons move 5/8" (16mm) down. UAV Mapper pitches down.

Right stick back: Both elevons move 5/8" (16mm) up. UAV Mapper pitches up.

Right stick right: left elevon down 5/8" (16mm), right elevon up 5/8" (16mm). UAV Mapper rolls right.

Right stick left: Left elevon up 5/8" {16mm), right elevon down 5/8" (16mm). UAV Mapper rolls left.
Autopilot response check1 Aiways make sure the autopilot is behaving properly before you fly. As you pitch and roll your UAV Mapper, the elev( :yourtransmitterto Stabilize, ensure your throttle stick is back, connect your UAV Mapper battery, and press the arrr 

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## I 1 Roll UAV Mapper left: Left elevon down, right elevon up.
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# -~.**,~}** 1 Rol1 UAV Mapper right: Leftelevon up, right elevon down. I

• Pitch UAV Mapperdown: Both elevons up
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Pitch UAV Mapper up: Both elevons down.

Landing site requirements The most challenging part aboutflying a UAV Mapper, orany fixed wing UAV is getting it down. Unlike Pixhawk guide fixed wing. A copter can descend straight down, while afixed wing must approach on a clear glide slope. Ifyou are nc landing pattern using Mission Planner and upload itto your UAV Mapper. First, make sure yourflying site meets the create the takeoffand land shown mission below. 

### Minimum Size landing Site 600 fl (180m)

### betweenapproachv.oaypoint and

### land1ngwaypolnt Over shoot 200ft (60 m)

II( Wind

Create a take offand land mission 1. Start Mission Planner and select Flight Plan.2. Click on the map to create WAYPOINT 1.3. Click on the map again to create WAVPOINT 2. 4. Right-click on the map and select Takeoff. Enter lOO(m) fortakeoffaltitude. Enter 30 (degrees) fortakeoff p

5. Use the Up button to move the TAKEOFF waypoint to the top. Verify Pitch Angle is 30 and Alt is 100.

6. Set WAVPOINT 2 Altitude to 35m. This is your approach waypoint.7. Set WAYPOINT 3 to lAND and Altto 0. 8. Select WriteWPs to copy the mission to your UAV Mapper I IMPORTANT: Any mistake in this mission will result in a crash. You must understand every step ofthis process. This i: I the air and safely back to the ground. l ' !Power up and check lED status. 

### I purn on your transmitter and set your flight mode switch to Stabilize. Connect your UAV Mapper battery. The UAV 

### rv :hole so you can see the Pixhawk status during boot up. Be sure to power up where you,want your UAV Mapperto loi I poooPixhawk is booting up. 0000Error. Most likely the Pixhawk Micro SD was removed to retrieve the flight log and not replaced. I 0000Pixhawk is waiting on GPS lock. Do notfly until green. '\( '\(-'\

•, 1 '-../Failsafe error. Do notfly. 0000Pixhawk has GPS lock and is ready to fly. Fly your UAV Mapper '

I 1 1. Move to aspot in your flying field with 400ft. (120m) of clear space ahead, into the wind. 2. Set your transmitterto Stabilize mode, make sure the throttle is down, and press the arm button until its sol 3. Hold your UAV Mapper like the photo below. Be prepared forthe motorto startfull throttle. 4. Have a helper switch the flight mode switch to Auto. This will execute the waypoint mission you have upload ·The propellerwill spin immediately. Be prepared. There is no delay. The motorwill remain full throttle untiltake c 'changed to Stabilize.

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5. Pitch and roll your UAV Mapper to make sure control surfaces are properly moving. 6. Face into the wind and hand launch your UAV Mapperas shown above. The toss should be a few degrees abc Note: You can stop the motor and abort the takeoff by switching the flight mode switch to Stabilize.

**--~----------~-------** Creating aerial photography missions Aerial photography missions are trivial once you've mastered takeoff and landing missions. Here's a typical UAV Map 1. Start Mission Planner, select Flight Plan, right-click on the map and select Draw Polygon> Add Polygon Poin2. Add additional Polygon points to create a border around the area you want to photograph. 3. Right-click on the map and select Auto WP >Survey (Grid).

-· '!'·

**.~ ·~** 

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**.:~.**4. Select the Simple tab and set the following:
o Camera: Canon 5110
o Altitude: lOOm
o Angle: This rotates the flight line. You wantto fly cross wind. This site typically has a south wind, sot
o Camera top facing forward: Check.
o Flying Speed & Use flying speed: leave unchecked. Ifchecked itwill override the defaultflying spee<

o Add Takeoffand land WP's: Check
o Use RTL: Ifyou need to Auto-land, then leave unchecked. Ifyou prefer to have your UAV Mapper Re1 complete and land manually, then check.

5. Select the Grid Options tab and set the following
o Overshoot [m): to 80 on both ends. Your UAV Mapper can't turn tight enough to get back on the line
o Start From: Set this to the furthest downwind corner ofyour survey area. You want your UAV MappE while flying cross wind. This keeps the ground speed low and turns tighter.
o Overlap[%) 80. This sets how frequently the shutter is triggered.
o Side lap (%]80. This sets how close the flight lines are. 6. Select the Simple tab and then Accept.7. Modify takeoff and landing

o Update TAKEOFF parameters. Pitch angle should be 30 and Aft must be at least 100.

o You must have an approach WAYPOINT, 35m Altitude, 600ft. (120m), down wind, from your LAND" waypoints and use the Up Down arrows to move the waypoints.

o Notethe waypoint command DO_SET_CAM_TRIGG_DIST. It is set to 21.9 in the image above. The Pi every 21.9 meters. 8. Select Write WPs to copy the mission to your UAV Mapper.
Taking pictures The UAV Mapper includes a Canon 5110 loaded with CHO:( and l<AP UAV Exoosure Control Scriot on it's SD card. The trigger the Canon 5110 through a special trigger cable. Do the following to take pictures with your UAV Mapper:1. lock your SD card and insert it into the camera.

2. Insert the camera trigger cable into the Mini USB port on the side ofyour camera. 3. Turn your camera on. 4. Press the blue Play button to load the KAP UAV Exposure Control Script. 5. Half press the shutterto start the KAP UAV Exposure Control Script.6. Your camera is nowwaiting on a USB signal from your Pixhawk. Itwill send a signal while it'sflying afterthe (

7. Always check your camera trigger system before you fly. Go to the FLIGHT DATA screen in Mission Planner. f NOW. Ifeverything is setup correctlyyour Pixhawk will trigger the Canon camera to take a picture and is capThis product contains copyrightedsoftware licensed underGNU GeneralPublic License v3 (GPLv3). Please see

### http:/11 anda copy ofthe license. This product contains copyrightedsoftware licensed under the BSD License. Please see

### https://qithub.com/PX4/Firm!ll license. This productcontains copyrighted Open Source Hardware licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAli. see

### https://qithub.com/PX4/Hardwareforfurtherinformation anda copy ofthe license.