Performance Evaluation of

Telephone Cable Pedestals in

Underground and Atmospheric

Environments

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Bureau of Standards

Center for Materials Science

Metallurgy Division

Washington, DC 20234

January 1 984

Sponsored by:

Department of Agriculture —QQ. lural Electrification Administration

1

, Washington, DC 20250

, U56

34-2810

1934

NBSIR 84-2810

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF

TELEPHONE CABLE PEDESTALS IN

UNDERGROUND AND ATMOSPHERIC

ENVIRONMENTS

'RATIONAL BU: \UT OF STANDARDS

LIBRARY "Ke-T.

QC

r oo

J. L. Fink and E. Escalante

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Bureau of Standards

Center for Materials Science

Metallurgy Division

Washington, DC 20234

January 1 984

Sponsored by:

Department of Agriculture

Rural Electrification Administration

Washington, DC 20250

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TELEPHONE CABLE PEDESTALS IN

UNDERGROUND AND ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENTS

J. L. Fink and E. Escalante

Corrosion Group, Metallurgy Division

National Bureau of Standards

Washington, DC 20234

INTRODUCTION

The installation of telephone cable pedestals by the telephone industry

has increased to the degree that reliable information is needed on their

performance in underground and atmospheric environments. In order to obtain

such data, the National Bureau of Standards and the Rural Electrification

Administration initiated a six-year study of the durability of a variety of

telephone cable pedestals. The program was started in 1977 with the exposure of

five pedestal systems in selected underground and atmospheric environments.

In 1979 a sixth pedestal system was added to the program. This report

contains the results obtained for the pedestals exposed at the National Bureau

of Standards test sites for up to six years.

ENVIRONMENTS AT THE TEST SITES

The chemical and physical properties of the soils at the test sites are

given in table 2. The chemical properties listed show that the soils differ

widely with respect to their composition and the concentration of soluble

salts. The pH of the soils ranges from extreme acidity (4.0) to high alkalinity

(8.8). The electrical resistivity of the soils varies from 55 ohm-cm, which

is approximately that of sea water, to 30,000 ohm-cm. Well aerated and poorly

aerated soils are included in the study.
These widely differing soil environments allow for a comprehensive underground corrosion program. The soils included are moderately corrosive (Sites

B and H) to very corrosive (Sites C, G, and I) toward ferrous and other metals.

Descriptions of the environments at the six test sites are as follows:

Sagemoor sandy loam (Site A) is a well -drained alkaline soil and is

typical of that found in vast areas of eastern Washington and Oregon. The

site is located on the Yakima Indian Reservation near Toppenish, Washington.

The soil is consistent in composition to a depth of at least seven feet and

supports abundant growth of sage brush.

The average annual sunshine at this site is 2,600 hours, the average

annual precipitation is 8 in. (20.3cm), and the average annual humidity is

63%. The average annual temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) and above totaled

30 days, while the average annual temperature of 32 °F (0 °C) and below

totaled 120 days.

Hagerstown loam (Site B) is a well -drained soil representative of the

majority of well developed soils found in the eastern part of the United

States. The site is located at the Loch Raven Reservoir of the Baltimore City

Water Department. The soil consists of a brown loam about one foot deep,

underlain by a reddish-brown clay that extends five feet or more to underlying

rock. Practically all of the materials that have been investigated in the

extensive NBS underground corrosion tests since 1922 have been exposed at this

site and, therefore, it can serve as a reference site for the correlation of

data obtained for specimens in the present program with data obtained from the

earlier tests.

The average annual sunshine at this site is 2,600 hours, the average annual

precipitation is 40 in. (102.4 cm), and the average annual humidity is 70%.

The average annual temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) and above totaled 30 days,

while the average annual temperature of 32 °F (0 °C) and below totaled 120 days.

2
Clay soil (Site C) . This site is located approximately 100 yards (91.4m)

from the ocean shore in a large clay pit on level land at the U. S. Coast Guard

Receiving Center at Cape May, New Jersey. The soil consists of a plastic gray

clay to a depth of twelve inches. This is underlain by a poorly drained, very

heavy plastic clay to which the specimens are exposed.

The average annual sunshine at this site is 2,600 hours, the average

annual precipitation is 40 in. (102.4cm), and the average annual humidity is

73%. The average annual temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) and above totaled 10 days,

while the average annual temperature of 32 °F (0 °C) and below totaled 60 days.

Tidal Marsh (Site G) is a soil typical of the poorly-drained marsh soils

that are found along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and is charged with hydrogen

sulfide. The site is located approximately 200 yards (182.8m) from the Chesapeake

Bay shore along a creek that empties into the Chesapeake Bay at Lexington Park,

Maryland on the property of the U.S. Naval Air Training Center.

The average annual sunshine at this site is 2,600 hours, the average

annual precipitation is 40 in. (102.4cm), and the average annual humidity is

70%. The average annual temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) and above totaled 30 days,

while the average annual temperature of 32 °F (0 °C) and below totaled 60 days.

Wooster loam (Site H) is a well drained soil found in the mountain regions

of New York and Pennsylvania. The soil consists of a brownish-yellow loam

with no hardpan. This site was choosen for the very cold temperatures which

occur in winter. The site is located at a telephone microwave tower station

in Mehoopany, Pennsylvania.

The average annual sunshine at this site is 2,400 hours, the average

annual precipitation is 40 in. (102.4cm), and the average annual humidity is

75%. The average annual temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) and above totaled 10 days,

while the average annual temperature of 32 °F (0 °C) and below totaled 150 days.

3
Norfolk sand (Site I) is a white, loose sand that supports an abundant

growth of beach grasses. This site was chosen for the warm temperatures which

occur generally year long. The site is located approximately 100 yards (91.4m)

from the ocean shore in a well drained nearly level area on the property of a

residential development at Murrel 1 s Inlet, South Carolina. The area is not

subject to overflow from the ocean except under unusual flood conditions.

The average annual sunshine at this site is 3,000 hours, the average

annual precipitation is 48 in. (121.9cm), and the average annual humidity is

83%. The average annual temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) and above totaled SO days,

while the average annual temperature of 32 °F (0 °C) and below totaled 10 days.

MATERIALS

The buried telephone cable pedestals used in this study were of two

categories. The first category was a channel -type pedestal which resembled a

rectangular column as illustrated in figure 1. Pedestals of this type were

constructed of fiberglass or painted galvanized steel. These pedestals were

assembled with stainless or galvanized steel bolts and supported by either a

fiberglass, painted galvanized, or unpainted galvanized steel mounting stake.

The second category was a dome- type pedestal which resembled a cylindrical

column, as shown in figure 2. Pedestals of this category were fabricated of

fiberglass and polyvinylchloride (PVC). The cover plate of the pedestals was

constructed of fiberglass, while the integrated back plate and mounting stake

(manufactured as one piece) was constructed of polyvinylchloride.

All the pedestals used several types of materials for securing the

internal components to the pedestal housing. These components were fabricated

from stainless steel, aluminum, plated steel, and galvanized steel.

4
The final two systems in this report were mounting stakes, the type of

mounting stake exposed with one of the channel -type pedestal systems.

Table 1 describes the various types of pedestal and mounting stake systems

included in this report.

/ TEST PROCEDURES

In order to expose the telephone cable pedestals to the environment,

assembly was necessary as shown in figures 1 and 2. Specimens of systems 1

through 4 and 6 were constructed of several parts, starting with the

pedestal back plate which was fastened to a mounting stake with mounting stake

bolts. Then the electrical connecting assembly was secured to the back plate by

the mounting stake bolts or other hardware. The electrical connecting assembly

was divided into four parts; the electrical connector, the electrical connector

to bracket securing hardware, the bracket, and the bracket to back plate

securing hardware. After the electrical connector assembly was secured to the

back plate, the ground cover plate and the cover plate could be placed into

position and fastened by the locking retainer assembly. Specimens of system 5

consisted of a cover plate and an integrated mounting stake and back plate cover

as shown in figure 2. An insulated support strap clipped into the mounting

stake and back plate cover. The electrical connecting assembly was fastened

to the insulated support strap by the manufacturer. Finally, the cover plate

was positioned over the insulated support strap and secured in place by locking

studs and the locking retainer assembly which were located on the integrated

mounting stake and back plate cover. Systems 7 and 8 were only mounting stakes

as shown in figure 3. System 3 was electrically coupled to a zinc bar by

mechanically bonding the bar to an electrical wire which was in turn bolted to

5
the mounting stake. Coupling the mounting stake to zinc thus created a

galvanic cell.

Six pedestals of each system were exposed at each of the test sites.

Except for systems 7 and 8 the specimens were exposed in a trench excavated to

a depth of approximately three to four feet (0.9 to 1.2 m) so the mounting stake

and pedestal could be placed into position for burial. The pedestals were

spaced approximately three feet (0.9 m) apart. All pedestals were buried to

the depth of the ground level line which was indicated on the ground cover

plate at approximately six inches (15 cm) above the bottom edge of the ground

cover plate. Only systems 7 and 8 were buried by driving the mounting stake

into the soil with a sledge hammer.

Each year a replicate specimen was withdrawn from each of the test sites

for cleaning and examination.

Nine regions of each pedestal were examined and rated numerically for

corrosion resistance in accordance with table 3. These regions were the cover

plate, cover plate cap, back plate above and below ground, ground cover plate

above and below ground, mounting stake above and below ground, and mounting stake

bolts. Changes in the color of the pedestals were also noted. In addition,

four regions of hardware parts consisting of rivets, screws, and bolts located

on the cover plate, cover plate cap, back plate, and ground cover plate were

rated in accordance with table 3 as were the electrical connecting assembly,

locking retainer assembly, and the warning sign.

RESULTS

The results obtained from the evaluation of the pedestals for periods up

to six years in various underground and atmospheric environments are

summarized in tables 4 through 15. It should be noted that at the time of

6
this report pedestals of Site A had not been recovered since the underground

and atmospheric removals of 1978. Specimens of System 6 were exposed two

years after the installation of Systems 1 through 5, which limited the results

for that system to only four years of exposure. Pedestals of System 6 that

were to be recovered at Sites B, C, and G for the third year removal and at

Sites H and I for the second and third year removals were not recovered at those

times. These pedestals were recovered with the fourth year exposure specimens

and rated as part of the fourth year removal. Pedestals of Systems 1 through 5

designated to be recovered for the fifth year removal at Sites B, C, and G

were not recovered at that time. The same was true at Site H for the fourth

and fifth year exposure specimens and at Site I for the third, fourth, and

fifth year exposure specimens. These pedestals were recovered with the sixth

year exposure specimens and were rated as part of the sixth year removal.

Specimens of each system with varying degrees of corrosion on metallic

surfaces and degradation of fiberglass surfaces are shown in figures 5

through 22.

As previously noted, regions of the pedestals were given numerical ratings

to indicate the extent of corrosion to metallic surfaces and degradation to

fiberglass surfaces. These ratings are described in table 3. A rating of ten

indicates that the pedestal was unaffected by corrosion or degradation while a

rating of zero indicates severe corrosion or degradation sufficient to permit

dust and sunlight to enter the pedestal. The various systems and their

performance in the six underground and atmospheric environments in which the

pedestals were exposed are described below.

System 1 . This system consisted of a fiberglass channel type pedestal

secured to a fiberglass mounting stake. Mounting stake bolts were of

stainless steel, and the pedestal hardware was of stainless steel, aluminum,

and plated brass material.

7
There was no degradation of the fiberglass surface on specimens of this

system exposed for one year at Sites A, C, G, and H and for three years at

Site B. The specimens exposed at Sites H and I for six years indicated slight

degradation on the outside of the fiberglass cover plate. Slight to moderate

degradation on the outside of the fiberglass cover plate cap was noted on the

specimens exposed at Sites B, C, G, H, and I for six years. The specimens

exposed at Sites B, H, and I for six years showed slight degradation of the

fiberglass surface on the outside of the back plate above ground level.

Slight cracking on the outside of the back plate above ground level was noted

on the specimens at all sites exposed for six years.

The fiberglass mounting stake on specimens of this system indicated

slight degradation above ground level at Sites H and I after exposure for six

years.

The color of the pedestal was slightly lighter than that of the original

color after exposure for six years at sites C, G, H, and I.

There was little or no corrosion of the pedestal hardware after exposure

for one year at Site A, for up to three years at Site B, and for up to six

years at Site H. Slight dissipation due to corrosion was noted on the plated

brass connector plate on specimens at Sites B, C, G, and I after exposure for

six years. The specimens exposed at Sites C and G for six years showed slight

pitting on the connector plate to bracket hardware (an aluminum alloy rivet).

Slight pitting was observed on the aluminum alloy bracket of specimens at

Sites B, C, G, and I after exposure for six years.

The warning sign on specimens of this system exposed for six years at

Sites C, H, and I was slightly less legible than that of the original warning

sign. The warning sign was separating from the pedestal at Site B after exposure for six years.

8
All pedestals of this system were delivered to the National Bureau of

Standards with the fiberglass surface cracked on the inside of the specimens

at the rounded corners of the cover plate and the ground cover plate.

System 2 . This system consisted of a fiberglass channel type pedestal

secured to an unpainted galvanized steel mounting stake. The mounting stake

bolts were of a stainless steel, and the pedestal hardware was of stainless

steel, aluminum, and plated steel and brass material.

The pedestals exposed for one year at Sites A, B, G, and H showed little

or no degradation of the fiberglass surface. Varying degrees of degradation

were noted on the outside of the fiberglass cover plate, cover plate cap, and

the back plate above ground level of specimens exposed for two, three, four and

six years at Sites B, C and G. However, the most severe degradation was

observed on the same regions after exposure for six years at Site H and on the

cover plate and cover plate cap after exposure for six years at Site I.

The unpainted galvanized steel mounting stake showed little or no

corrosion after exposure for six years at Sites H and I. Slight attack was

observed on the galvanized steel surface of the mounting stake below ground

level after six years of exposure at Site B, while slight dissipation and

pitting was noted on the mounting stake after exposure for six years at

Site C. Pitting due to corrosion of 0.001 in. to 0.005 in. and rust stain was

found on the mounting stake below ground level after six years of exposure at

Site G.

The color of the pedestal was considerably lighter than that of the

original color and was not glossy after exposure for two, three, four and six

years at Site B, for up to six years at Site C, for four and six years at Site

G, for three and six years at Site H, and for six years at Site I.

In general, superficial or no corrosion was observed on the pedestal

hardware on specimens of this system exposed for two years at Site B and for

9
six years at Site H. The specimens exposed at Site C for two, three, four and

six years, Site G for three, four and six years, and Site I for one, two, and

six years showed slight localized pitting on the inside of the pedestal on the

aluminum alloy hardware of the cover plate cap. Slight pitting due to corrosion was noted on the aluminum alloy rivets of specimens on the inside of the

back plate above ground level after exposure at Site G for up to six years.

Varying degrees of corrosion were noted on the steel clip of the locking retainer assembly on the inside of the pedestal exposed for four and six years at

Sites B and C and for six years at Site H with the most severe corrosion on the

specimens exposed for six years at Sites G and I.

The aluminum alloy warning sign of specimens of this system showed slight

pitting after exposure for one through six years at all test sites. The warning

sign was slightly less legible than the original sign after exposure for six

years at Sites B and G.

System 3 . This system consisted of a painted galvanized steel channel

type pedestal secured to a painted galvanized steel mounting stake. The

mounting stake bolts were galvanized steel, and the pedestal hardware was of stainless steel, plated steel and plated brass material.

There was little or no corrosion of the painted galvanized steel surface

on specimens of this system after exposure for one year at Sites A, B, H, and I.

The specimens exposed at Sites B and H for two, three, and six years and at

Site G for up to six years exhibited blistering of the paint on the galvanized

surface on the outside of the cover plate cap at the area adjacent to the

stainless steel rivets. However, specimens exposed at Site C for six years

and at Site I for one, two and six years indicated blistering of the paint at

the area adjacent to the stainless steel rivets on the inside and outside of

the cover plate cap. The painted galvanized steel surface on the outside of

10
the back plate and ground cover plate on specimens below ground level showed

blistering of the paint at the area adjacent to the stainless steel rivets at

Site B after exposure for six years. Varying degrees of corrosion were noted

on the painted galvanized steel surface on the inside and outside of the back

plate and ground cover plate below ground level at Sites C and G after exposure

for up to six years. The most severe corrosion was observed on the specimen

at Site G after exposure for six years indicating slight dissipation of the

galvanized steel surface where the paint had deteriorated from the surface of

the back plate and ground cover plate above ground level. However, the same

specimen examined at the same areas but below ground level exhibited dissipation of the galvanized steel surface with rust stain of 25 to 50 percent over

that surface and pitting due to corrosion of 0.005 in. to 0.010 in.

The painted galvanized steel mounting stake on specimens of this system

was unaffected by corrosion at Site B above ground level and at Site H above

and below ground level after exposure for six years. Blistering of the paint

on the mounting stake was noted on the specimens at Sites C and I above ground

level and at Sites B and I below ground level after exposure for six years.

Perforation due to corrosion was observed on the mounting stake below ground

level for the specimen exposed at Site G for six years.

The color of the pedestals was considerably lighter than that of the

original color at all sites after exposure for six years. The color of the

specimens at Sites G and I exposed for six years was observed as semi-glossy,

while the specimens at Site C exposed for six years showed no gloss.

There was little or no corrosion on the pedestal hardware of this system

exposed for one year at Site A and for two years at Sites B and H. Specimens

exposed for three, four, and six years at Site B, for up to six years at Site

C, for four and six years at Site G, and for one, two and six years at Site I

11
exhibited slight dissipation of the plating material on the plated brass

connector plate. The plated steel bracket showed slight dissipation of the

plated steel surface at Site B after exposure for two, three, four, and six

years, while the plated steel bracket indicated corrosion and rust stain

covering approximately 10 to 25 percent of the bracket surface at Sites C, G,

and I after exposure for six years. The plated steel clip on the inside of

the locking retainer assembly showed pitting due to corrosion of 0.001 in. to

0.005 in. at Sites B, C, H, and I after exposure for six years while the plated

steel clip of the locking retainer assembly was severely corroded and considered

destroyed at Site G after exposure for six years.

The warning sign on specimens of this system was slightly less legible at

Sites G, H, and I exposed for six years.

System 4 . This system consisted of a painted galvanized steel channel

type pedestal secured to a painted galvanized steel mounting stake. Mounting

stake bolts were of galvanized steel, and the pedestal hardware was of stainless steel, galvanized steel, and plated brass material. There was little or

no corrosion of the painted galvanized steel surface for specimens of this

system after exposure for one year at Sites A and H and for four years at

Site B. Specimens exposed for six years at Sites C and H and for two, three,

four, and six years at Site G showed blistering of the paint on the galvanized

steel outside surface of the cover plate adjacent to the stainless steel rivets,

while the specimen exposed for six years at Site I exhibited blistering of the

paint on the inside and outside of the cover plate adjacent to the stainless

steel rivets. The painted galvanized steel back plate and ground cover plate

above ground level exhibited blistering of the paint after exposure for six

years at Sites C and I. However, the back plate and ground cover plate below

ground level of the same specimens showed slight attack of the galvanized steel

surface where the paint had deteriorated from the surface. Blistering of the

12
paint on the galvanized steel surface was observed on the outside of the

back plate above and below ground level and for the ground cover plate below

ground level for specimens exposed at Site H for six years. Specimens exposed

at Site G for four and six years exhibited dissipation of the painted galvanized

steel surface on the inside of the back plate and ground cover plate below

ground level. The same areas of the same specimens developed rust stain over

25 to 50 percent of the galvanized steel surfaces and pitting due to corrosion

of 0.005 in. to 0.010 in.

The painted galvanized steel mounting stake on specimens' of this system

below ground level exhibited pitting of 0.001 in. to 0.010 in. at Sites C and

G after exposure for six years. The galvanized steel mounting bolts showed

slight corrosion of the galvanized surface on the inside and outside of the

pedestals at Sites B, C, H, and I after exposure for six years. However,

dissipation and rust stain were indicated on the mounting stake bolts below

ground level on specimens at Site G after exposure for six years.

The color of the pedestal at Site H exposed for six years was uneffected,

while the color of the pedestals at Sites B, C, G, and I was slightly lighter

than that of the original color after exposure for six years.

There was little or no corrosion of the pedestal hardware for specimens

of this system at Sites A and C after exposure for one year and at Sites B, G,

and H for exposure up to two years. The stainless steel rivets on the inside

of the cover plate, cover plate cap, and back plate above ground level showed

slight pitting and rust stain due to corrosion at Site B after exposure for six

years. At Site C the stainless steel rivets indicated slight pitting and rust

stain on the back plate above ground level after four and six years of exposure.

Of the specimens exposed at Sites G and I, all areas examined on the pedestals

exhibited superficial to slight rust staining and/or pitting after exposure

for up to six years. Slight dissipation due to corrosion of the plated material

13
was observed on the plated brass connector plate for specimens exposed at

Site B for three, four, and six years and at Sites C, G, H, and I for up to

six years. The connector plate to bracket hardware (a stainless steel material)

exhibited only superficial or no corrosion at Sites B, G, and H after six years

of exposure. Slight attack was noted on the galvanized steel bracket on

specimens at Sites C, G, H, and I after exposure for six years.

The warning sign for specimens of this system exposed for six years at

Sites C, G, and H were considerably lighter in color than that of the

original color. However, the warning sign exposed for six years at Site I was

not legible and was considered unsatisfactory.

System 5. This system consisted of a fiberglass and polyvinylchloride

(PVC) dome type pedestal. The fiberglass cover plate was secured to a PVC

integrated back plate and mounting stake. Mounting bolts (studs) were of an

aluminum alloy. Pedestal hardware was of stainless steel, aluminum, and

plated brass materials.

The outside of the fiberglass cover plate of specimens exposed for six

years at Sites B s C, and G were considerably lighter in color than that of the

original, while the cover plate of specimens exposed for the same amount of time

at Sites H and I were significantly lighter in color. The outside surface of

the fiberglass cover plate of these specimens after six years of exposure at

all sites exhibited extrusion marks.

The fiberglass cover plate was very difficult to remove from the polyvinylchloride intergrated back plate and mounting stake at Sites C, G, H and I

after six years of exposure.

The intergrated back plate and mounting stake could not be installed in

the ground by driving the mounting stake with a sledge hammer at Sites B, C,

H, and I. A trench had to be excavated before these specimens could be

installed at these sites.

14
With few exceptions the pedestal hardware of this system was noted as

having superficial or no corrosion. The steel rivets on the outside of the

fiberglass cover plate cap of the specimens exposed for four and six years at

Site B, six years at Site H, and one, two, and six years at Site I exhibited

localized pitting due to corrosion from 0.001 in. to 0.005 in. in depth. The

same hardware on the fiberglass cover plate cap of the specimens exposed for

four and six years at Site C and six years at Site G showed severe pitting of

0.010 in. to 0.020 in. Slight dissipation was noted on the plated brass

connector plate of the specimen exposed for six years at Site G. The connector plate to bracket hardware (a plated steel screw) showed rust and slight

pitting due to corrosion on the specimens exposed for two, three, four, and six

years at Site B. Slight pitting was observed on the aluminum alloy bracket of

the specimens exposed for three, four and six years at Sites B and C and for six

years at Site G. The bracket to back plate hardware (an aluminum alloy stud)

exhibited slight pitting after exposure for four and six years at Site C.

Slight pitting and rust stain was noted on the outside of the stainless steel

locking retainer assembly of the specimen exposed for six years at Site G.

The warning signs of the pedestals were only slightly lighter in color

than that of the original after six years of exposure.

System 6 . This system consisted of a fiberglass channel type pedestal

secured to an unpainted galvanized steel mounting stake. The mounting stake

bolts were of stainless steel material, and the pedestal hardware was of stainless steel, aluminum, and plated brass materials.

Specimens of this system were exposed for only four years at Sites B, C,

G, H, and I.

Except for specimens of this system exposed at Sites C and G, there was

no degradation of the fiberglass surface on any of the pedestals exposed for

up to two years. Slight degradation was noted on the outside of the fiber15
glass cover plate cap on specimens exposed for two years at Sites C and G,

while moderate degradation was observed on the fiberglass surface of the back

plate exposed for two years at Site C. The specimens at Sites C, H, and I

showed slight to moderate degradation on the outside of the fiberglass cover

plate after exposure for four years. Slight degradation was exhibited on the

outside of the fiberglass ground cover plate and back plate atjove ground level

for specimens exposed for four years at Site I, while slight degradation was

noted on the back plate above ground level after the same exposure time at

Site C.

The galvanized steel mounting stake below ground level showed slight

attack and rust staining due to corrosion after four years of exposure at

Site C, while the mounting stake at Site G exhibited dissipation and rust

staining over ten to twenty five percent on the galvanized steel surface.

With few exceptions, the pedestal hardware of this system was noted as

having superficial or no corrosion after exposure for up to two years at Sites

B, G, and H. The aluminum alloy hardware on the inside of the cover plate cap

exhibited slight pitting on the specimens exposed at Site C for two years and

at Site I for one and four years. Slight attack of the plated brass connector

plate was noted on specimens at Sites B, C, H and I exposed for four years.

The aluminum alloy bracket on pedestals of this system developed slight pitting

at Sites C, G and I after exposure for four years. Slight pitting and rust

staining due to crevice corrosion was observed on the stainless steel locking

retainer assembly on the inside of specimens at Sites C and G after exposure

for two and four years.

In general, the aluminum alloy warning sign on specimens of this system

was uneffected by corrosion at all sites after exposure for four years.

System 7 . This system consisted of only a painted galvanized steel

mounting stake, the same type of mounting stake secured to the pedestals of

16
System 4. Specimens of this system were exposed at Site G only.

The region above ground level of the specimen exposed for four years at

this site showed slight blistering of the paint on the galvanized steel surface.

The region below ground level of the same specimen indicated corrosion of the

galvanized steel surface with rust areas occuring over 10 to 25 percent of the

mounting stakes surface. Slight dissipation was noted on the region above

ground level on the specimen exposed for six years, while rust areas were noted

over 25 to 50 percent on the galvanized steel surface below ground level on

the same specimen.

System 8 . This system was the same as System 7 except that the painted

galvanized steel mounting stake was coupled to a zinc anode. Specimens of

this system were exposed at Site G only.

The painted galvanized steel mounting stake exposed at this site for six

years developed blistering of the painted surface at the region above ground

level. However, the same specimen showed slight dissipation of the galvanized

steel surface at the region below ground level.

The zinc anode after six years of exposure had approximately 10 percent of

the original mass remaining.

DISCUSSION

The data presented describe the performance of various pedestal systems

after exposure for up to six years in different underground and atmospheric

environments. Six (6) different pedestal systems and two (2) mounting stake

systems (using fiberglass, polyvinylchloride (PVC), painted and unpainted

galvanized steel, stainless steel, aluminum, plated steel and plated brass

materials) were investigated under some very adverse conditions.

17
Six underground and atmospheric environments were employed which have

chemical and physical properties representative of a wide range of environments that may be encountered in the United States in actual field installations. Some are moderately corrosive and some are very corrosive towards

ferrous and other metals or alloys. Some environments are very cold and others

are extremely hot and humid.

The data show that of the systems exposed for up to six years, few were

resistant to corrosion of the metal surfaces or to degradation of the fiberglass surfaces in all of the environments in which they were exposed.

The performance of System *1 after exposure for one year was excellent in

an alkaline soil. Degradation due to sunlight and moisture of the fiberglass

pedestal housing after exposure for six years in Hagerstown loam, Wooster

loam, and Norfolk sand was observed as fair, while the pedestal housing

exposed in clay soil and tidal marsh was rated as poor. The performance of

the mounting stake, mounting stake bolts, and the color of the pedestal

exposed for one year in an alkaline soil and six years in Hagerstown loam,

clay soil, tidal marsh, Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand was excellent to very

good.

The pedestal hardware, electrical hardware assembly, and the locking

retainer assembly on specimens exposed in all environments for six years,

showed little or no corrosive attack. The performance of the warning sign on

specimens of System 1 exposed in an alkaline soil for one year and in clay soil,

tidal marsh, Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand for six years was excellent to very

good. However, the condition of the warning sign on the specimen exposed in

Hagerstown loam for six years was rated as poor.

^Systems are described in Table 1.

18
The performance of System 2 after exposure for one year was excellent in

an alkaline soil. The fiberglass pedestal housing on specimens of this system

exposed for six years in Hagerstown loam, clay soil, and tidal marsh was rated

as fair, while the pedestal housing exposed for six years in Wooster loam and

Norfolk sand was rated as poor due to degradation of the fiberglass surface.

The condition of ’ the mounting stake was excellent to very good in Hagerstown

loam, Wooster loam and Norfolk sand after exposure for six years, while the

condition of the mounting stake was good to fair in clay soil and tidal marsh

after the same length of time. The mounting stake bolts of specimens exposed

for six years in all environments were rated as excellent. However, the color

of the pedestals exposed for six years in all environments was observed as poor.

The condition of the pedestal hardware and warning sign was generally excellent

to very good after exposure for six years in all environments. The same was

true for the electrical hardware assembly after exposure for the same length of

time, except for the electrical hardware assembly exposed in a tidal marsh

which was rated as fair. The performance of the locking retainer assembly on

specimens exposed for six years in Hagerstown loam and Wooster loam was noted

as very good to good, while the locking retainer assembly exposed for the same

length of time in clay soil, tidal marsh and Norfolk sand was observed as poor.

System 3 was uneffected by corrosion after exposure for one year in an

alkaline soil. The condition of the pedestal housing on specimens of this

system exposed in Hagerstown loam, clay soil, Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand

for six years was noted as very good to good, while that of the companion

specimens exposed in a tidal marsh was rated as poor. The corrosion resistance of the mounting stake on specimens in Hagerstown loam, clay soil,

Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand was very good to good after exposure for six

years, while the mounting stake in tidal marsh was observed as very poor after

being exposed for the same length of time. The performance of the mounting

19
stake bolts on specimens in Hagerstown loam, clay soil, Wooster loam, and

Norfolk sand was excellent to very good after exposure for six years, while

the mounting stake bolts in a tidal marsh were rated as good after being

exposed for some length of time. The color of the specimens after exposure

for six years in Hagerstown loam and Wooster loam was observed as excellent to

good. However, the color on specimens exposed for the same length of time in

clay soil, tidal marsh, and Norfolk sand was noted as poor. The condition of

the pedestal hardware and the warning sign on specimens was shown to be

excellent to very good after exposure for six years in all soil and atmospheric

environments. The performance of the electrical hardware assembly was observed

as excellent to very good after exposure for six years in Hagerstown loam and

Wooster loam. However, the electrical hardware assembly was noted as good to

fair after being exposed for the same length of time in clay soil, tidal marsh,

and Norfolk Sand. The corrosion resistance of the locking retainer assembly

was fair to poor in Hagerstown loam, clay soil, Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand

after exposure for six years, while the locking retainer assembly was very poor

in a tidal marsh after the same length of time.

Specimens of System 3 and 4 were designed with a plastic lightning shield

which was attached to the inside of the pedestal. The shield was uneffected in

all of the soil and atmospheric environments after exposure for six years. The

plastic fasteners on these specimens which were used to help secure the shield

to the pedestal, were slightly brittle on the outside of the pedestal after

being exposed for the same length of time.

System 4 was uneffected by corrosion after being exposed for one year in

an alkaline soil. The performance of the pedestal housing on specimens

exposed for six years in Hagerstown loam, clay soil, Wooster loam, and Norfolk

sand was considered very good to good, while the pedestal housing exposed for

the same length of time in a tidal marsh was rated as poor. The corrosion

20
resistance of the mounting stake on specimens of this system in Hagerstown

loam and Wooster loam after exposure for six years was observed as very good.

However, the performance of the mounting stake in clay soil, tidal marsh, and

Norfolk sand exposed for the same length of time was rated as good to fair.

In general, the condition of the mounting stake bolts and the color of the

pedestals exposed for six years in all the soil and atmospheric environments

were observed as excellent to very good. The pedestal hardware, electrical

hardware assembly and locking retainer assembly on specimens of System 4 after

exposure for six years in all soil and atomospheric environments were noted as

excellent to very good. The condition of the warning sign on specimens in

Hagerstown loam after six years of exposure was very good, while that of

companion specimens in clay soil, tidal marsh, and Wooster loam were rated as

poor. However, the condition of the warning sign in Norfolk sand exposed for

six years was rated as very poor, and considered unsatisfactory.

The performance of System 5 after exposure for one year was excellent in

an alkaline soil. The condition of the pedestal housing, mounting stake, and

mounting stake bolts on specimens of this system exposed for six years in all

soil and atmospheric environments was excellent. The color of the pedestal

\ was noted as good after exposure for six years in Hagerstown loam, clay soil,

and tidal marsh. However, the performance of color on companion specimens was

rated as poor after being exposed for the same length of time in Wooster loam

and Norfolk sand. The performance of the pedestal hardware on specimens exposed

for six years in Hagerstown loam, Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand was rated as

fair, while the performance of the pedestal hardware exposed for the same length

of time in clay soil and tidal marsh was noted as poor. The condition of the

electrical hardware assembly, locking retainer assembly and warning sign was

generally excellent to very good in all soil and atmospheric environments after

exposure for six years.

21
The performance of the fiberglass pedestal housing of System 6 exposed

for four years in Hagerstown loam, clay soil, and tidal marsh was rated as

good, while the pedestal housing exposed for the same length of time in

Wooster and Norfolk sand was rated as fair.

The corrosion resistance of the mounting stake of specimens exposed for

four years in Hagerstown loam, Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand was observed as

excellent to very good. The performance of the mounting stakes on companion

specimens exposed in clay soil and tidal marsh was noted as good. The corrosion resistance of the mounting stake bolts on specimens of this system after

exposure for four years in all soil and atmospheric environments was

considered excellent. The color of the pedestal after exposure for four years

in Hagerstown loam was rated as very good, while the color after the same

length of time in tidal marsh and Norfolk sand was observed as good. However,

the performance of the color on specimens exposed for four years in clay soil

and Wooster loam was rated as poor. The condition of the pedestal hardware,

electrical hardware assembly, locking retainer assembly and warning sign on

specimens was generally excellent to very good in all soil and atmospheric

environments after exposure for four years. The results for specimens of this

system were only available for up to four years of exposure in Hagerstown

loam, clay soil, tidal marsh, Wooster loam, and Norfolk sand. Specimens of

this system were not exposed in an alkaline soil.

The corrosion resistance of specimens for System 7 exposed for six years

was poor in a tidal marsh, while System 8 (same as System 7 but coupled to

a zinc anode) exposed for the same length of time was noted as good. The

performance of the mounting stake bolts on specimens of System 8 in a tidal

marsh after exposure for six years was observed as excellent. Systems 7 and 8

were mounting stakes exposed only in a tidal marsh.

22
Summary

Areas of specimens that showed relatively poor performance after six years

of exposure in one or more of the more aggressive soil and atmospheric

environments included the fiberglass pedestal housing above ground level on

specimens of System 1 and 2, the painted galvanized steel pedestal housing and

mounting stake below ground level on specimens of Systems 3 and 4, the locking

retainer assembly on the inside of specimens of Systems 2 and 3, the warning

sign on System 4 and the steel rivets on the cover plate cap of specimens of

System 5.
TABLES

Table 1 Description of Various Systems Included in the Evaluation Study

of Telephone Cable Pedestals.

Table 2 Properties of Soils at the Test Sites.

Table 3 Rating Code for the Performance Evaluation of Telephone

Cable Pedestals

Table 4 Performance of Pedestals Exposed for One Year in Sagemoor Sandy

Loam (Site A).

Table 5 Performance of Pedestal Hardware Exposed for One Year in Sagemoor

Sandy Loam (Site A).

Table 6 Performance of Pedestals Exposed up to Six Years in Hagerstown

Loam (Site B ).

Table 7 Performance of Pedestal Hardware Exposed up to Six Years in

Hagerstown Loam (Site B).

Table 8 Performance of Pedestals Exposed up to Six Years in Clay Soil

(Site C).

Table 9 Performance of Pedestal Hardware Exposed up to Six Years in

Clay Soil (Site C).

Table 10 Performance of Pedestals Exposed up to Six Years in Tidal

Marsh (Site G).

Table 11 Performance of Pedestal Hardware Exposed up to Six Years

in Tidal Marsh (Site G).

Table 12 Performance of Pedestals Exposed up to Six Years in Wooster

Loam (Site H).

Table 13 Performance of Pedestal Hardware Exposed up to Six Years in

Wooster Loam (Site H).

Table 14 Performance of Pedestals Exposed up to Six Years in Norfolk

Sand (Site I ).

Table 15 Performance of Pedestal Hardware Exposed up to Six Years

in Norfolk Sand (Site I).

24
FIGURE CAPTIONS

Figure

F i gu re

Figure

F i gu re

Fi gure

F i gu re

F i gu re

F i gu re

Fi gure

F i gu re

F i gu re

F i gu re

F i gu re

Figure

Fi gure

F i gu re

F i gu re

Fi gure

F i gu re

Fi gure

F i gu re

Fi gure

1 Various parts of pedestals for Systems 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 before

exposure test.

2 Various parts of the pedestal for System 5 before exposure test.

3 Preparation of mounting stakes for Systems 7 and 8 before exposure test.

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Systems 1, 2, 3, 4,

System 1 exposed for

System 2 exposed for

System 3 exposed for

System 4 exposed for

System 5 exposed for

System 6 exposed for

Electrical connector

years at Sites B, C,

and 5 exposed at Site A for one year.

six years at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

six years at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

six years at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

six years at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

six years at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

four years at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

assembly for System 1 exposed for six

G , H , and I

Electrical connector assembly for System 2 exposed for six

years at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

Electrical connector assembly for System 3 exposed for six

years at Sites B, C> G, H, and I.

Electrical connector assembly for System 4 exposed for six years

at Sites B, C, G, H, and I.

Electrical connector assembly for System 5 exposed for six years

at Sites B , C, G, H, and I

Electrical connector assembly for System 6 exposed for four years

at Sites B, C, G, H, and I

17

Cover plate cap of System 1 exposed for six years at Site I.

18 Back plate of System 1 exposed for six years at Site H.

19 Cover plate cap of System 2 exposed for six years at Site I.

20 Back plate and ground cover plate of System 3 exposed for six

years at Site G.

21 Ground cover plate of System 4 exposed for six years at Site G.

22 Steel rivet of the cover plate cap of System 5 exposed for six

years at Site G.

25
Table 1. Description of Various Systems Included in the Evaluation

Study of Telephone Cable Pedestals.

System Description

1 Fiberglass channel type pedestal, green in color, 4-1/4 in. x 4-1/4 in. x 36-1/4 in. (10.80 cm x 10.80 cm x 92.10 cm), with

a wall thickness of 0.10 in. (2.50 mm). Secured to a fiberglass

mounting stake, 1-1/4 in. x 2 in. x 41 in. (3.20 cm x 5.10 cm x 104.10 cm), with a wall thickness of 0.15 in. (3.80 mm).

Mounting stake bolts and pedestal hardware were of stainless

steel material.

2 Fiberglass channel type pedestal, green in color, 4 in. x

4 in. x 34-1/2 in. (10.20 cm x 10.20 cm x 87.60 cm), with a wall thickness of 0.15 in. (3.80 mm). Secured to an unpainted

galvanized steel mounting stake, 1 in. x 2-1/4 in. x 50 in.

(2.50 cm x 5.70 cm x 127.0 cm), with a wall thickness of

0.10 in. (2.50 mm). Mounting stake bolts were of stainless

steel material. Pedestal hardware was of stainless steel,

aluminum alloy, and plated steel materials.

3. Painted galvanized steel channel type pedestal, green in

color, 3-1/2 in. x 3-1/2 in. x 36-1/2 in. (8.90 cm x 8.90 cm

x 92.70 cm), with a wall thickness of 0.075 in. (1.90 mm).

Secured to a painted galvanized steel mounting stake, 1 in. x

2 in. x 42 in. (2.50 cm x 5.10 cm x 106.70 cm), with a wall

thickness of 0.090 in. (2.30 mm). Mounting stake bolts were galvanized steel. Pedestal hardware was of stainless steel

material

.

4. Painted galvanized steel channel type pedestal, green in

color, 4-1/4 in. x 10-1/4 in. x 41 in. (10.80 cm x 26.0 cm x 104.10 cm), with a wall thickness of 0.075 in. (1.90 mm).

Secured to a painted galvanized steel mounting stake, 1 in. x

2 in. x 42 in. (2.50 cm x 5.10 cm x 106.70 cm), with a wall

thickness of 0.090 in. (2.30 mm). Mounting stake bolts were galvanized steel. Pedestal hardware was of stainless steel

material

.

5. Fiberglass and polyvinylchloride (PVC) dome type pedestal.

Fiberglass cover plate, green in color, 4-3/4 in. (12.10 cm)

in diameter, 23 in. (58.40 cm) high, and a wall thickness of

0.20 in. (5.10 mm). Secured to a polyvinylchloride (PVC)

integrated back plate and mounting stake, 4-1/2 in. (11.40 cm)

in diameter, 54 in. (137.20 cm) high, and a wall thickness

of 0.25 in. (6.40 mm). Mounting bolts (studs) were of an aluminum alloy. Pedestal hardware was of both stainless steel

material and an aluminum alloy.

26
Table 1. (continued)

System Description

6 This system was the same as System 2, except that the pedestal

hardware had no plated steel materials.

7. Painted galvanized steel mounting stake, 1 in. x 2 in. x 42 in.

(2.50 cm x 5.10 cm x 106.70 cm). This mounting stake was the

same type used in System 4.

8. This system was the same as System 7, except that the mounting

stake was coupled to a zinc anode 3/4 in. x 3/4 in. x 4-1/2 in.

(1.90 cm x 1.90 cm x 11.40 cm).

Note: In Systems 1 through 6 an electrical connecting assembly was

used which involves four parts of hardware that are referred

to in this report as electrical connector, connector to

bracket securing hardware, bracket, and bracket to back

plate hardware. The hardware part listed as the "bracket"

will be referred to as the insulated supporting strap in

System 5. Various types of materials were used in the

electrical connecting assembly including stainless steel,

plated steel, and aluminum alloys.

27
o

co o u(0k4-> /-> X c

<D

O

<TJ E O * u °

*- 4> O Q. C i/» *£ O 4-» «

•*-

k 2

•*-> ro

•>r- Q. fTJ lA <A W Z O

Q.EOu

u

41Q.Ok

Q.

CM

41

— E > U

*— 4)

<TJ OJ 4-» C «4 iA k C 4) 4> f- 4-> 4)

4-> <0 4-> C k f-

*—i *U

O in

-*J 41 C

•*-) a> — T3 OO l~*

lO 1 00 t1 rH

rH

O l a%

CO 1 CM

CO

m

CO

m i 00

*H 1 m CM m

CMooID

<Tt

00oocoo

00

GO

00

inooCM

Oooa§c

4)CLa.o

h—£cooE

a>o

T3Ooa

.coo oooo

CM

CM

CMOoCOkoo

a.

a>o©d©d

CMa\

co o o

in r-oo

a.

4>CL

«3 o

CO

in ooCO

tooooTOoo

CO

>» ~

CLoo

4-> c

41

cr

4) oc

«3

cnrMd

ino ododmd odod

CMd c

<0 o

*ok

<4Q.

41O

4-»

<TJ C

-a>

to z •

28 2

TDS,

total

dissolved

sol

ids--res1due

dried

at

105

°C
Table 3. Rating Code for the Performance Evaluation of Telephone Cable

Pedestals.

Rating Performance Degree of Corrosion

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

Excellent

Excellent

Very Good

Good

Good

Fai r

Poor

Uneffected. No indication of corrosion or degradation of fiberglass surfaces.

Superficial rust, etching and/or pitting.

Superficial dissipation of galvanized and/or

plated steel surfaces.

Uniform metal attack, rust, and/or slight

pitting. Slight dissipation of galvanized

and/or plated steel surfaces. Blistering of

paint on galvanized steel surfaces. Very

slight degradation (fiberglass fibers slightly

separating from resin). Color of pedestal

and/or warning sign slightly lighter than that

of original.

Galvanized steel surfaces exposed after blistering and/or undercutting of paint, with slight

dissipation of galvanized steel surface. Pitting

of 0.001 in. or less on hardware metal surfaces.

Slight degradation of fiberglass surfaces

(fiberglass fibers separating from resin but

still are embedded in resin).

Dissipation of galvanized steel surfaces with

rust areas showing on galvanized and/or plated

steel surfaces from 1 to 10 percent. Color of

pedestal and/or warning sign moderately lighter

than that of original.

Moderate dissipation of galvanized steel

surfaces with rust areas occurring on galvanized and/or plated steel surfaces

from 10 to 25 percent. Localized pitting on the above rust areas and other metal surfaces

0.001 in. to 0.005 in. Moderate degradation

of the fiberglass surfaces (glass fibers

cannot be mechanically lifted from resin).

Dissipation of galvanized and/or plated steel

surfaces with rust areas occuring over 25 to

50 percent of surface. Pitting on metal surfaces

0.005 in. to 0.010 in. Degradation of the

fiberglass (glass fibers can be mechanically

lifted from resin). Color of pedestal and/or

warning sign semi -glossy and considerably lighter

than original.

29
Table 3 (continued)

Rating Performance Degree of Corrosion

3

2

1

0

Poor

Poor

Very Poor

Very Poor

Dissipation of galvanized and/or plated steel

surfaces with rust areas occurring over 50 to

75 percent of surface. Pitting on the above

rust areas and other metal surfaces. 0.010 in.

to 0.020 in. Severe degradation of the fiberglass surfaces (glass fiber standing out from

resin)

.

Galvanized and/or plated steel surfaces dissipated 100 percent. Pitting on metal surfaces

0.020 in. to 0.030 in. Severe degradation of

fiberglass surfaces with fibers standing out

severely. Warning sign separating from pedestal.

Color of pedestal and/or warning sign not

glossy and considerably lighter than original.

Severe Corrosion: Pitting on metal surface

over 0.030 in. Severe degradation of fiberglass

surfaces with delamination.

Severe Corrosion: Metal surfaces perforated by

corrosion. Fiberglass has delaminated or cracked, permitting dust and sunlight inside

pedestal. Warning sign has completely separated

from pedestal. Metal attack and/or fading has

made warning sign not legible. Color of

pedestal not glossy and is gray in color.
lable

4.

Performance

of

Pedestals

Exposed

for

one

year

in

Sagemour

Sandy

Loain

(Site

A).

in o

0) r—

-3 o

a; u

CDc- ai ia —> —

C (tl <- 3 4-> O

O oO 2

CDC T3 — a> 5 c

-H O 3 C O — o 3 h> a l- O to 3 C

COc *3 — o o c H ^ > 3

C O o O 3 .3 s- 0(0 fDO z

CDC

c -a c s- o 5 c

3 a* —» o 3 O > 3 — o uo—tut. O LJ CL «0 O

orHoopHo opHwo

orHo

<\z

“3 *c C O) o c

r a —> > 3

o > c o c

5- C *— .3 C u i O C3

o

o

opHwo orHo

orHo

*c

a; 5 c

> C 3

u ^ T ? 3 =. 3 C

Oo

orHOorHO

orHo orHo

*3 o a> c

-H > 3 U O O O O — .3 U

C3 C- 3 O

O

O

orHOOrHOOiHo orHo

a> *h cl >03 C 1— O LJ CL

CL' i-3 a v/,

u

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•—i CVj rn O iD rH <\J PO <T m SO h fsj po r cl tc h csj n in to h cyj n ji o

31

Number

within

parentheses

indicated

rating

on

inside

of

pedestal.

N/A:

Hot

available

on

this

system.
Table

5.

Performance

of

Pedestal

Hardware

Exposed

t-oidne

Year

in

Sacjeinoor

Sandy

Loam

(Site

A)

— c

c

u •—

ra CO

u >>

CT GJ 1—

C C -O — — E ^ ro O) U Vrt oH

o

orHOorHo

orHoorH

'—

o

o o —> —> 01

s4-> r— ro

<d a. i

“O u .* u

03 U ro U IDZ

CD CD

0) T3 > U

O C \ gj 2 a; ^

> o 3 0 0 -

O +-> JD 0) 3 fC O j3 O j- 6

OrHOrHN

OrHO

flJ - O D 5

a. 5 > O

"O O r- -*--3 0) u jo a: jo c3

O)S-

' u 0) to 3JH C.J

> ro m T3 O r- U u a. o “

si- g; rz & +-> y. > “3 O'— t- U <3. re

OrHO

OrHO

rH\

orHO

Or-H 'w' o

< -J \ o 2 2 :

v/T E ^

O -r- o

C.J— >“ —i Csj ro cT> cO H (Nl m rr Lf) h (vj m c tD tD h cm ro <y m o h rvj rw in o rr CSJ PO UO CO

u"> >- oO

CSJ m lD vX>

32

Not

Installed
System

txposure

Cover

Cover

Back

Back

Ground

Cover

Ground

Cover

Mounting

Mounting

Mounting

Pedestal

lime

Plate

Plate

Plate

Plate

Plate

above

Plate

below

Stake

Stake

Stake

Color

(Years)

Cap

above

below

Ground

Ground

above

below

Bolts

Ground

Ground

»

Ground

Ground

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m «3- uT> v£

33

I

Not

recovered

at

this

time.

10(

10)

10(

10)

10(

10)

10(

10)

N/A

N/A
Table

7.

Performance

of

Pedestal

Hardware

Exposed

up

to

Six

Years

in

Hagerstown

Loam

(Site

B)

05c— c

C 05 u •—

<V iS)

t. >1 05 0) r- C C J2 •- •*- E

ro in O O 71 —J cc <

07 a. 2

*ou

Cl

fV Or Qj «— .* i_ C. U HJ

ft! 5

• *3 :cd !- c ro O Cl t-> —

>

U I c ^

> o O 07 O —

C JD 07 3 C <C JO O rJ- £. o

07 07 C

r- t 37 J

Q- 3: > °

i- -3 07 U t <U i2

> fl 5

O — *3

c_j a. u

7i a u o S it O.**- 07

O O © CM co ao go ao o o o o O CO 00 CO

o o o o rH r-H rH rH o o o oorHo o o © —

rH rH £

ffl d CO o o o oO'* H H

000*0 o © o o

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Cl O'* O'* ©

O O O CO O O O CO O CO CO CO O O'* O'* O'*

© © © © o o o o o o o o

C O* O' CO CO O O O'* O'* CO O 01 CO ao CO Cl 01 ao CO CO 0 0*0*0* 01

o o o o rH r-H rH rH o o o oorHo

< < < <

o o p o rH rr rH r-H o o o oorHo

o o o o rH —H rH rH

Vw' S-' 'w' W o o o o WNN c < < < <N Z 2 2 2 2

< < < < w< < <\ < 2 2 2 \

o o o o orH N—' S_r © © © © o

o o o o rH rH rH rH o o o o

07E OrHo07 -

l/l -

O O O O E O rH rH rH rH •*— rH o o o o o rH rH rH rH «/) rH 2o ^rH Cl o o

/-N o E

Cl rH •*— CO < C < < E <

O H Q. J

> fC <5 “3 O r- u

Q_ «3 < < < <

o o o o a: o < rH rH rH O O O O It o

* © w O O O oi QJ Cl H r( rl i-07>

o

O O O O 07 o

o o rH rH o o

NWS < < < < 2 2 2 2

«-> <

O \ 2 2

O O O O i- o rH rH rH rH rH

s-/ s-r +J w O O O 01 O oi

s /-“S fO O* CO CO wwo w C O 07 o rH rH t. rH

< < < < <z <.

07 2 2 2 2P2 w 07 'W

C* CO CO uf) '»- lD

07

<<<<*->< \SN\ C

\

2 2 2 2 2 2

o o rH rH O O

o

u ^ 07 /-N O U

01 CO < c < C HJ <

h pg n ^ ul h cvj rv«r 05 o rH CM CO Lf> © rH CM O') ^ l/1 © r M n C 05 lO H CSI n C

34

I

10(10)

10(10)

10(

10)/N/A

N/A

10

10

10

10

10(10)

10(10)

10(10)

10(

10)/N/A

N/A

9

10

9

10

10(10)

Not

recovered

at

this

time

9(10)

9(10)

9(10)/N/A

N/A

09

9

10

9(10)
Table

8.

Performance

of

Pedestals

Exposed

up

to

Six

10 u

cn o

QJ X3 O

Cl ©

o o o o CNJ <NJ CNJ CSJ © 00 <T <3* O O O O

©c

•P* 0> t/> H> pH C (t3 r- 3 -h> O

O <) CO OV Oi

Of© cn cn cn cncn

Ol

(T» O'* CS w w ww O'* © © CTt ©

CO

O' cn Ol Of ^© © © ©

©

CO w\\ < < c <Z Z Z Z o o pH pH w w cn ©

CDc— QJ 5 XJ

h> .* o C

C <T3 r- 3

3 -h> Ol O O U0 -3 U Z C

3

O O O O co n n CO p*' VD to o o o o

O)c

•p a> 01 to

•*n -* > c

C TO O 3

3 n o

o O0 <0 u z a

o o o o •— o o o Z pH pH pH © CO O CO © © O © © o © ©

*c u a) ^ -a c ai o c

3 > ^ — 3 o o *— OJ o u q. j: u O cj

© © © o pH rl H H N-rT Srf" W W © o © ©©pH

>~r ©

© O © © pH pH pH pH © © © ©

©pH©© P'S PP rH

pH ©

co n n

© © rH HS

pH rH © ©

co ih

p's

s»*r r-* < < <. < © © pH pH © ©

T3 t- ai ai *a C fli > c

3 > IT O 3 O O p- O uuo C u o ©

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v-*r ©

o o o © H H H H

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©pH©© © © ©

Ww>—r w © © © ©

rH©

rH rH rH rH © © © © pH r-i r-i r-i © L/© o © © o ©

c < < < © © pH pH WNr' © ©

CO

>.

0)

(Z ©

— 5 C 0-0 3 — O ^ u u U -3 © O©

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tu ~o <— a c

a. > 3

o o

t. u o © re ©

© © © O

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O O © © •- O o © rH PH

rH rH © © QJ © w w w w E O © © © *p* ©

o o © o

wwn-^ w £ w © O © O -r- ©

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Q. ©

ra u u

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pH l—

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u

0)>

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u

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© © © © 01 ©

© © © © t- O

rH rH rH rH pH

s«> S-r v-T L-< rH s«r O O O O O ©

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01>

o

u PP/> rH QJ rH © © © © U ©

© © © © (V o

o © © © u © H H H p rH s—' s»r sr pH n— o © © © o ©

© © Pp pH © ©

o © rH rH o o

0J /H

S- «/) 3 0> U ^ E o O -p- 01 0-1— >- ph cnj ro uo so H CN m <T Lf) ID H CVJ CO <f in o rH (NJ ro ^ © rH CNJ ro ^ © © H (NJ m c

E

01

wn>1

35

Hot

recovered

at

this

time

0(10)

7(10)

7(10)

10(10)

10(10)

10(10)

10

7

9(10)
Table

9.

Performance

of

Pedestal

Hardware

Exposed

up

to

o>c c — o

c •— u un o o o o 05 05 CD 05 to tD vD ID

*- >» 05 0) —

C C .Q — — 6

.X fO QJ U -*-> t/5 O 05 tn -j a <

o o o o *"H r-H r-H r-H

r> w w ffl ffi (75 05

05

cn O ^ h O' E ^05 ^ J5 O'

go ao oo co W ^ 05 05 ff5 05O' O' O' 05 O' O' 05 O' o o o o r-H r-H r-H ^H

05 05 O' 05 or-H o»

05 CO

N—' V05 05

CO05

•J r- (C

Of Q- 5

-* -a

CJ i- 05 cr» 05 05 cr> cn (O' o5 05 o o o o 0005 05 05 05 O' O

ao 05 co co co o to o 05 go co ao

CL U C

• u *o C CD L

C ro OCX

CO CO CO CO 000105 05 05 05 05 05 GO CO CO o o o o

c c- o

C->

co co CO CO as co co as aa oo c8 as as CO CO 00 CO O C 05 05

— a> o

sj > <— O Of C O OJO

c a. cuo

w\\ <c < < <

Z 2 2 2 \NSN /->, , /—

S

C5 0*5 05 C5

C5 05 C5 O'

05

05 w< < w< <

2 2 2 2 < < < <

05C5

05 05 05 05

»— re CL 2

“O

<N2

05 05 05 05 -*-J

< < < < -*-> <

/*^» rH r-x /—s SI r—

v

05 05 05 05 O'

05 05 05 05 *J 05

O O 05 05

r-H r-H v«/ 'w' SV05 05

-J 05

'—r

if) 05

rH 05 05 05 05

'w' >—r ^ v«/ w05 05 w05 05 v/) 05 —

- \ *\ /—*» a—> JZ 05 05 05 05 *-> 05

&

E < < < < •*- < N N — \ L \ W2 2 W2 2 2

<<<<•«“< 05 05 -r- 05

05 05 ^ 05 O 05 05 05 *-J 05

CL *

fT3 *C

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Sra

< < c < u <

< < \ \ 2 2

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N--' v—r »wr QJ S_X 05 05 05 05 >05

Ou

0)

/—\ «*-s /~N r^> L. .r-s o o o o o H H H H 4J H W W S—T W o w 05 05 05 05 2 05

05 05 05 05

< < < <

*a

a> /-s U 05

CJ w> 05 O

u

Q) <

O \

2 2

O i ^ O O L ^

05 05 05 05 > 05 o

05 05 05 05 aj 05

05 05 05 05 2 05

< < < < *3 < N \ W Of N 2 2 2 2 5-2 W< < < < ^ < \ N O \ 2 2 2 2 2 2

T5

/—V /—s Qj W—

\

05 03 L

'w' V_w O ^ 05 C5 > 05 o

u

<v

U tn 3 U L

05 E ro G <L> C.P- >- X W

C\| rn *3* 05 VC H f\J n«f U5 ID M H5 c U5 to h c\j m c in d rHC\im«3*U5 oO rt N (5 C

36
System

Exposure

Cover

Plate

Cover

Plate

Back

Plate

Back

Plate

Ground

Ground

Mounting

Mounting

Mounting

Pedestal

ji

me

Cap

above

below

Cover

Cover

Stake

Stake

Stake

Color

(Years)

Ground

Ground

Plate

Plate

above

below

Bolts

above

below

Ground

Ground

Ground

Ground

o o o o WO WO HJ* CM O ^ ^ O O GO 00 O O CO CO

0*1 O 0"> c* •w W W' W* 00(710

cn*W

cn <n oi <n

Sw” W >- ’w' O O O Ol

(T>

O)C /-N CO J1 J1

l/> W* W» W>

(/) O O O) £

WD

'*-r W

O

o O CO Ws-/ s-/ cn cn <x> coWO

WO < < < < \\N\ z z z z

< H H

o o rH rHw o oi

o o o o wO wD WO z

i/) n ro m go co tn o © o o

o o o o GO ao GO GO o o o o

o o o o »—t r* rH »-H o o o o

orHo o o o o •—t r—i rH H o o o o orH»wo

co r** wO wo WW v-/ go rv to toao ao ld co rv n <j- WNN <. < < <

z z z z

<

z

o o o o *—» rH rH f—

Srf' N»x Sw' o o o o

orHoo o o o H H H H W V— V-/ W o o o o orHo o o o o pH rH rH rH

'w' W> v-/ 'W o o co go o /—

H CO CO N

o o co ao < < < < o o rH pH w 'w' o o

o o o o pH rH pH rH >W >W '»»*' W* c o o o

orH>-o O O O G pH pH rH rH W ^ >W o o o oorHw»C

co wo

Sw- v—

ao wo wo

ao r*- r^. to

>— 'w' 'w' W<

ao p^ wo o o o o t^i r-^ O O O O

o o rH rH O O

o o o o rH rH rH rH O O O OOrH

s-/ O

o o o o rH rH rH rH s—' >- W> w o o o ao

orH

s-p co o o o o rH rH rH rH

'—' ww o o o o o o o o

r^- r—\ r—4 T—i o ao co co o o O o rH rH r—< rH ^ v-/ o c o o

o o rH rH O O

JZ

\ y—v 4-> o o o o o

h* /—\ <D /—% O O O O U O

rH pH rH rH rH wwww- H w

O O O O O O

O O O O

O O O O u o o ao ao co o r*- rH Z

o o o o o

rH rH rH rH H rH v—x v w* <w fG w>

ao ao co co ^ co 5

u

<D>ou

rN y-"*v yP-S QJ O O O O U o

rH rH rH rH rH 'W >W W* 'W' H N-P o o o o o o

o o o o

o o o o

CD>o

u

/—s O r-N O © O O l-o

JZ

/-H /—> y*-*s o o o o o rH rH rH rH H H

o o o o o r-H rH rH rH “Z rH o

O O O O 1-0 H H pH rH H WWWW H w

O O O o O O

O O rH —H o ao

c o pH rH

N—W >W o o

> n P7 io wo h n n rnn wd h csj n in o h cm n t in wo h m ro c in ud h m m c

37

Not

recovered

at

this

time

10(

10)

7(

10)

10(

10)

10(

10)

10(

10)

10(

10)

10

6

9(

10)
I

al> 1e

10

(Cont.

TO U

-j o

l/> —

Q) O

•a lj

0) W< < W< < < < < < < c N \\\\ N zzzz z zzzz z

o>c

•- ai Oi C TO = o

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CD *0 3 a; * c

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O n io i/j <y co co rv n r^.

C53 T3

•«- a; c c

*-» -X > 3

c to o o

3 —> .O O l-o o o z

co co co co r*s. co co co go co

*Dc u w * 3

3 O —> O 3

o > to *— o

u o «— a> u

'j u a. 3 o W<<<<W c <<<< < N W\N \ ZZZZ z zzzz z

*o u a; o c

3 O —> > 3

3 > TO O O OC'—.CU

i- U Q. C (v W<<<<W < < < < < < \ \\N\ \ ZZZZ z zzzz z

—

C- ^ 3

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-x — c W<<<<W < < < < <3 < N WW \ ZZZZ z zzzz z

a3 -a — a; c

o- > 3

o o ^jQ U

u c c TO WN\ < < < < <N ZZZZ z

<<<<+->< <<<<«-> <c

<<<<-->< <<<<w< S W\ ON NNW O \ zzzzzz zzzzzz

y. C

O £ TO 3. •*- CJ X >— >-

cvjro^r-ovo < eg ro rr lO

38
System

Exposure

Cover

Plate

Cover

Plate

Back

Plate

Ground

Cover

Connector

Conn.

Plate

Bracket

Bracket

to

Locking

Warning

Time

Hardware

Cap

Hardware

Hardware

Plate

Plate

to

Bracket

Back

Plate

Retainer

Sign

(Years)

above/below

above/below

Hardware

Hardware

Assembly

o o o o CO CO GO GO CO to tC to o o o o

o o o o H H H H^ "w

0 0 0 0

0* 01 OH CO VO VO 0 co co co

Cl CO CD CO

01 01 01 01 0

01

01 01 01 01 w ww 01 01 01 0101

01 0 o o o fH rH r—1 rH

'w' *w« 01 01 01 01 orHCD

01 GO 01 01

O 01 01 01 O 01 01 01 O O O O 01 01 01 01 O 01 0 01

ao CO 00 CO 0 CO CO 00 to to 0 to 0 00 CO 00 O O 0 0

O 0 0 CO 01 Ol 01 01 0 0 0 0 0 o o o o

0 0 GO CO O 0 0 0 co 0 0 ao GO co co CO o o o o

WNS < < < <

z z z z \N N N /-V /—V s 0 0 0 0* S—' S-># 's-' 0 0 0 0

0 o o o <-H rH rH rH W N—' S-/ 01 0 01 0

0

0

ww< < < <

z z z z

< < < <

ao co co co 0 0 0 0

cNz

co0

o o o o f“* *-H »—I p-i o o o o rH r—i rH I—

NSW /—N r-N r—s /-N o o o o rH rH rH rH W v w 0 0 0 0

0

0N

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0

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<x c c c NNNN Z Z Z Z

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ao

co

o o o o w o 0000 ns 0

0000

0000

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n 0

< < N N Z Z

LH Lf> c c u n

0 0^

Cl 01 TO

h m n f itmo h c\j m c ui 10 h cm n c tn to CNJ C*1 <T lO O H CM n c If) O

a

< < < < NNNN z z z z O O 1 rH rH

' / v • 0 0

O

rHao c <<<*-> c NNNN O N z z z z z z

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

< < N N z z< < N N z z

4-i <

o V» z z

^ /—X U o o

39

9(10)

9(9)

9(9)/N/A

N/A

990

10

9(0)
*

5a

c •—

t- UO

:*

< < < <

t- >>

cn <u —

c c z •*- — e

-X fU 01 U —> to o a> to -j cs: <

< < < < N NN \ Z Z Z Z

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«-> —> QJ rc U

4-> — (T3 a> a. 5

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u -x t- U <13 u IUI

CD CD

<. < < < \z Nz Wz z

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W\N < < < <

z z z z

Q. U fO o 5

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- D '* C <5 c c z

CJ ^

< < <c < N\N\ Z Z Z Z

u

a to £ D-

< < < < \ W\ z z z z< c < < \z w\z z z

\NW < < < <

z z z z WNN < < < <z z z z

2

a; a o

-> s- »—

fC ro aj — 2 z

CL. Z \i- QJ -X -0 >

u z o

fO Z

sd a: WN\ < < < < z z z z

0) O i- ^

-*-> <13 O C 5Z CD Q- S- Z<TJ \ 5- z a;

a> >

> Q. O o ro z

U U It w< < w< <c z z z z NNW < <: < <

z z z z

a. a

i- z

a u < < < < «-> < \NN \ ON z z z z z z NWS <<<<.*-><

O N z z z z z z

to a> u

O E C z a* X h~ >-

Csi CO «3* Lf> LD rt csj n c

40
Table

12.

Performance

of

Pedestals

Exposed

up

to

(V H> U

«/> o

0) p—

*3 o

QJ t-J

GO CD M

CDC

•i- fll tf) H —

C IC r- 3 -J O

o ^ a

2

o o o rH rH r—

o o o

orHO

© o o rH rH rH W* >W v-X

CTi Ol OrH©

© <© © w w'**' © © ©

©

Or

on©

< < < \z wz z

<Nz

orHo

aic -a

•*- a* * c

h> .x o r C <V r- o 3 4-> a; u OU) J3C

•*- © ©

2:

©

c -o •r ai ai c

rH .* > 3

C Q O O 3 -C U O © C O

*3 U Cl 5 C

C O —» O 3

3 > ro r- O

O O «— G i- w U G. 3 C C3

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orHoo o o rH rH rH "W *wP W o o o orHW*

CO < < <

orHo

o

o3

•*0 ”3 U O Of C

C <D -H > 3

3 > «3 3 O

O O r- U

i- O C- C O

(3

OrH

v

CO

o o o rH rH rH o o o

o o o o rH rH rH rH

ao o o o orHO

o o o rH rH rH O O OorH

H«r O w\< < <

z z z

orHo

f3 — 5-3

C- o c ^ c c e .o j- 3 O CO

o o o rH r-r rH o o oorHo o o c

rH rH H

O O O

OrHO

O O O rH rH rH c o o opH'Wo

o o o rH rH rH WH-P V o o o orH

CO © © © rH rH rH W» W* V_p o o o

o

o

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rHo

a>

(V r- a> *3

a. > c

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CD

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a h q. > C fC O — O CJ QJ- 0) a w

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c-i a.

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r0 ph p-h p-H ph O O O -3 -D O rH rH pH QJ QJ pH w w w U 1- w c cd co <u qj ld

rH > > O O

U U

p*h ph qj qj r\ O O O t- 1-0

O O O H O rH rH pH rH

/ V^P i/> i/) »w o co co H JZ JZ

re <0 pH /H rs /H © O © *3 TJ O rH pH rH GJ 0> rH w v—* w U 1- w

o m/) a; qj rH > >

O O U U

rs pH /h q; qj /—

o o o u u o

cj a>

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(Z fO ph /—s pH p—

O O O *3 -3 O rH rH rH O GJ rH ww w i- U w O CO CO 0* Of 00

rH > >

O O u u

PH PH QJ QJ pH o o o u i- o

O O O H *-> o OOO-H^O pH pH rH rH H H pH rH

'W' (A \S) '-x o o o — co

rH rH H £ £

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s—p -s-^ N_p' U. U P o o o a a; co

rH pH rH > >

O O

u u

p-S pp-> p—S QJ QJ p-H O O O U l-o

tC <T3 0 0 0-3*30

-H rH rH G> QJ pH WWW U 1- w O O O GJ G> O rH rH rH > > rH O O u u

P-N (H /PH QJ QJ /PH O O O i- 1-0

U

P-H QJ o t- OOOOOCC OCOrnOO^T OOOOOO 000030 OOOOOO oo

A O t- O £ -3 Q..P- GJ X H» >- h m n if) to H CM (H ^ if) ID h (nj n cif) o h cm n cin o h (\j n c tfuc

41

Not

recovered

at

this

time

0(10)

5(10)

10(10)

10(10)

10(10)

10(10)

10

9

10(10)
Performance

of

Pedestal

Hardware

Exposed

o>c c — CD c —

u CO cn o o o ooo co CO CO tO CM ooo coo o

CD QJ r- c c x •*- — e

-X <tJ 0) U W 10 ooo rH rH rH ooo

o

rHO

CO O O CO

v—' W N—r N-r O OOO

ooo W W'w' oooO H H H V/ o ooo

orHo

0i H -X U

o> o qj rc -X fTJ W £ U CO fTJ X

m — u u o a. o

CO 4-> X

o ooo o ooo

ooo o ooo o ooo o ooao co ooo o

C ftJ cox o h

ooo o ooo o ooo o ooo o ooo o

>-X

c c. oo

Of x

> u o <c\ 0X0?.> o x qj o •— c —' n o

r fc c o

o —

w\< < < WX 2 XN /H /H /-V ooo rH rH rH ooo

oH

o

ooo o oooo o

w\< c <

2 2 2

< < < \2 w2 2<N2

OOO H rH H

OOO rH rH rH \/> wr—

s

OOO H r—* H *wr 'W ooo

oo

< < < \NN 2 2 2 <\2

W QJ <0 u \ «— CO? a. ? > c x o »— -X 5- O QJ U ^ tJ ^ <z x

qj

tS- o «T3 O H c. 5

> C (Z x o o u o a. <tj

d < < \ \ X 2 2 2

< < \ < \

<X2\O /-N e o •r- rH H r o to X

d < < X X < XXX o QJ \ 2 2 2 S- U 2

o o

> > o o u u

o at u u < < < o o < XXX o O X 2 2 2 2 2 2

O O O *TJ ro /hO

X wo o

ou

QJ Hu O

OOO O CO

ooo rH H rH

V-r v-w OOO H rl r! XXX/*“N /*"»v Q) o o o e

rH rH rH *r- w w w -*J OOO rH rH rH v/1 X

s-r ^r- X

o o o o> H rH H L

ai >ou

o <<<*^ XXX o

o

v-r CO

QJ Z-N E O

OOO rH H rH OOO o

o'

r—v /—s QJ QJ X OOO E E ^ rH H H *r» — Cl <<<*> < XXX X 2 2 2 */> to 2

X wQJ CO

H <

o \

2 2

/—v /^v /—s +J +J < ,r-s 4-J .*-> 000003/h \ < < <TJ < rH rH rH O Z XX X v—w 'w' X X ' ooo cj a o rH rH H U U r-1 0) QJ > >

O O u u

N r“N QJ QJ ooo u u h

>H 2 2 X X 2

C ww QJ QJ w h cn ao u u lO

qj a

> >

o o u u

QJ QJ ooo o o o d < < -> -J < XXX O O X 2 2 2 2 2 2

vO Or U

O E

C. •- 01 X h“ >- h rg m rr an o i nj m «r in c h (\j n in c h cnj po c in c *h cx m «r tf> to H (\| n c

42

10(10)

10(9)

10(

10)/N/A

N/A

8

10

9

10

10(10)

Not

recovered

at

this

time

Not

recovered

at

this

time

9(10)

9(9)

9(9)/N/A

N/A

899

10

10(10)
System

Exposure

Cover

Plate

Cover

Plate

Back

Plate

Back

Plate

Ground

Ground

Mounting

Mounting

Mounting

Pedestal

Time

Cap

above

below

Cover

Cover

Stake

Stake

Stake

Color

(Years)

Ground

Ground

Plate

Plate

above

below

Bolts

above

below

Ground

Ground

Ground

Ground

CO <3* CM CO VO 00 ©

0*1 rl H

cn o O

pH o*> o*> o o*> cn

cn cn oo

N—

0*1 © cn

ao

'w' 03

< <

2

OpHo

00 CO CO CO 00 CO r*. o o

cn o o ao o o ao © ©

o o pH pH

‘w<• o o

opH>w< O

o o pH pH o o opH

'w' o

o o pH pH

'w' ^o o

CO

N**' CD O O pH pH

CO CO

r*. orHO

o o pH pH

'w' o o orH

’ O o o pH pH

'w' wO 00 o o rH rH o o

00

'w' o

CO CO

'w' 00 GO

00

'w' 00 opHo

opHOo o

pH rH

>»-/ 'w' o o

opHoo o rH pH

'w' o o

CO

CO

CO 00

CO 00

c o pH rH w»« O O

orH©opHo

o o rH pH O O

o o pH pH

n-/ O 00

o o pH rH

'w' o o

opH

N-W CO

oo ao WCO 03

CO

00 o o pH pH o ©

orHoorHo

O © to v/> i/> ©

w w JO JZ -C W CO CO H H *1 i/l © O </>»/> O */) i/l CO © •— © w w jr -C O w CO 03 H H H C0 CO CO r H OD O O >/) i/l i/l O

w j= O © W

nj o o

"C -O *u 0 0)01

i- u u

CL) O O

> > >

o o o u u u

t o> o o

u u s- o

© © o o o ©

TO *U *0 0 0)0

s- u u o o o

> > >

o o o u u u

ao o o o «9

*

o c o u u u

/—s /“s O O O /*“*> © © 1- u i- o

o © c o o ©

© O u u u ^ rH pH 00 W w 4-> -H 4-) w ©HH2ZZ © o o o ©

© © s- u o o o o o o

rH CN) CO «T Lf) © rH CVJ m l/l CD H CNJ H «T /I U5 H M H ^ /I UD H (\| P) LD I CSJ P) c

43

7(10)

5(10)

8(10)

10(10)

8(10)

10(10)

9

9

9(10)
System

Exposure

Cover

Cover

Back

Plate

Ground

Cover

Connector

Conn.

Plate

Bracket

Bracket

to

Locking

Retainer

Warning

lime

Plate

Plate

Hardware

Plate

Plate

to

Bracket

Back

Plate

Assembly

Sign

(Years)

Hardware

Cap

above/below

Hardware

Hardware

Hardware

o

Ci

CO 00

cn <n

co co Cl Cl ClCl Cl W'w' Cl C»

Cl

Cl o o

•w* x— Cl Cl opH

'w' Cl

coCl

Cl C1 Cl Cl C1 Cl

Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl

01 Cl

Cl Cl

Cl

Cl < <

z z

2

TO

ffi Cl C1

< < 4-> < \ \ o o o \

z z z z z z

Z Z Z *-> > z \ W N "X VI 1/1 i/I /"*X ci cn ci

cn ci ci

fO (Z /-x /-X CO CO *0 *D TO CO ww 0* <D 0L» w Cl Cl t- U U 01

Q) Q) QJ > > >

o o o

u u u

GJ O <0J /-S U U U /~x o o o r—» r—I -*-> .*-1 +-> 1—

1

w w o O O W C1 Cl Z Z Z Cl

\ \ /^X /—

S

O O v> to Vi O

^ i? *5 O ^x ^ r-l Cl ‘O "U w Cl w w 0) GJ oi W CO CO u u u co

a> Q) o

> > >

o o o u u u

ci ci e s e ci

Cl Cl 4-> -j Cl \ \ \ /“V /—

n

to to to /-—x Cl Cl -r- -r- •*- O'. Ww z JZ JZ ^ Cl Cl W *> Cl

"3 -3 TO ci

Q) a o w u u u ci a a.- a

o o o

u u u

a ai ai

01 Cl 4-J «*-> —» Cl W w O O C W Cl Cl Z Z Z Cl

(U O 5J EES

VI V) V) < < —»- •- < \ \ c c r \ Z Z -> ~ ^ z

< < ^3 It? fu <

tn u u

a) o

> > o c u u < < « J V < \ — o o o \

z z z z z z

o a

E E < < \ IA Vl\

/—S •«— .»• /—

N

ci -C -C ci

'w*' W —

w

Cl ci

*-) to <0 /—V s CO TO T3 00 W o <1> W

N ro C t.1 tD ru n u*> vO H (\J n C -1 Ij5 —< <\J ro «T t/1 tO H f\j r Ciil o r-< CNJ co

44
SYSTEMS 1,2,3/4,and 6

CHANNEL TYPE PEDESTALS

ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ASSEMBLY

Figure 1 Various parts of pedestals for Systems 1,2,3, 4,and 6 before exposure test

45
SYSTEM 5

DOME TYPE PEDESTAL

46
SYSTEMS 7 and 8

MOUNTING STAKES

SYSTEM 7 SYSTEM 8

Figure 3 Preparation of mounting stakes for Systems 7 and 8 before exposure test.

47
...
Figure 4. Systems 1,2, 3, 4, and 5, left to right. These pedestal specimens

were considered unaffected by corrosion and/or degradation after

exposure for one year at Site A.

Figure 5. System 1, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for six

years. Moderate degradation of the fiberglass surface on the

cover plate was observed on all specimens.

48

.Figure 6. System 2, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for six

years. Moderate to severe degradation of the fiberglass surface

on the cover plate, cover plate cap, and back plate above ground

level on specimens at Sites B,C,H, and I. Dark areas indicate

corrosion of the mounting stakes a Sites C and G.

Figure 7. System 3, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for six

years. Dark areas on specimens indicate corrosion on the mounting

stake at Site C and the ground cover plate below ground level at

Site G. Severe corrosion of the mounting stake below ground level on the specimen at Site G.

49

Figure 8. System 4, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for six

years. Dark areas indicate corrosion on the mounting stake and

ground cover plate below ground level of the specimen at Site G.

The warning sign on the specimen at Site I was not legible.

Figure 9. System 5, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for six

years. Arrows indicate corrosion of the steel rivet on the cover

plate cap on all specimens. Streaking of the fiberglass surface

on the cover plate of specimens at Sites B,H, and I.

50

Figure 10. System 6, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for four

years. Slight to moderate degradation of the fiberglass surface

on the cover plate and/or cover plate cap on all specimens. Dark areas indicate corrosion on the mounting stake below ground level on specimens at Sites C and G.

Figure 11. Electrical connector plate and securing hardware of specimens

from System 1, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for

six years. Light areas indicate dissipation of the plated brass

connector plate at Sites B and I, while the dark areas indicate

the same at Sites C,G, and H. Light areas on the securing

hardware (an aluminum alloy rivet) indicate slight pitting at

Sites C,G, and I.

51

Figure 12. Electrical connector plate and securing hardware of specimens

from System 2, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for

six years. Arrows indicate slight corrosion of the plated

brass connectors of specimens. Light areas indicate pitting

on the securing hardware (an aluminum alloy rivet) of specimens

at Sites C,G, and I.

'Figure 13. Electrical connector plate, securing hardware, and bracket of

specimens from System 3, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right,

exposed for six years. Light areas indicate slight attack

of the plated brass connector plate on specimens at Sites B,C,

H, and I. Dark areas indicate slight corrosion of the plated

steel bracket on specimens from Sites B,C,G, and I.

52

Figure 14. Electrical connector plate and securing hardware of specimens

from System 4, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right, exposed for

six years. Light areas indicate slight dissipation of the plated

brass connector plate on specimens at all sites.

Figure 15. Electrical connector plate, securing hardware, and bracket of

specimens from System 5, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right,

exposed for six years. Light areas indicate slight corrosion

of the plated brass connector plate on specimens at Sites B,C,

H, and I. Dark areas indicate slight corrosion of the securing

hardware (a plated steel screw) on the specimen from Site B.

53

"Figure 16. Electrical connector plate, securing hardware, and bracket of

specimens from System 6, Sites B,C,G,H, and I, left to right,

exposed for four years. Light areas indicate slight attack of

the plated brass connector plate on specimens at Sites B,C,H,

and I. The light areas on the bracket (an aluminum alloy)

indicate pitting on specimens at Sites C,G, and I.

'Figure 17. Top view of the cover plate cap of the specimen from System 1 exposed for six years at Site I. Severe degradation of the

fiberglass surface. Light areas indicate strands of fiberglass

standing out from the resin.

54

Figure 18. Section of the back plate above ground level of the specimen from

System 1 exposed for six years at Site H. Dark lines indicate

cracking of the fiberglass surface from 0.060 in. to 0.370 in.

in length.

Figure 19. Top view of the cover plate cap of the specimen from System 2

exposed for six years at Site I. Severe degradation of the

fiberglass surface. Light areas indicate strands of fiberglass

standing out from the resin.

55
.

_
Figure 20. Section of the back plate and ground cover plate below ground level

of the specimen from System 3, exposed for six years at Site G.

Darker areas indicate severe corrosion due to pitting.

Figure 21. Section of the ground cover plate below ground level of the

specimen from System 4, exposed for six years at Site G. Darker

areas indicate severe corrosion due to pitting.

56

A

Figure 22. Steel rivet of the cover plate cap of the specimen from System 5

exposed for six years at Site G. Severe corrosion due to pitting

can be observed.

57
.
NBS-114A (rev. 2 -ec) U.S. DEPT. OF COMM.

4.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

SHEET (See instructions)

1. PUBLICATION OR 2 REPORT NO.

NBSIR 84-2810

. Performing Organ. Report NoJ 3.

TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Publication Date January 1984

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TELEPHONE CABLE PEDESTALS IN UNDERGROUND AND

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENTS

5. AUTHOR(S)

J. L. Fink and E. Escalante

6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION (If joint or other than NBS, see instructions) 7. Contract/Grant No. national bureau of standards

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 8. Type of Report & Period Covered

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20234

9.

SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (Street. City. State. ZIP)

Rural Electrification Administration

Department of Agriculture

Washington, DC 20250

10.

SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

| | Document describes a computer program; SF-185, FIPS Software Summary, is attached.

11.

ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information. If document includes a si gn i fi cant bibliography or literature survey, mention it here)

Data are given on the corrosion of the metal surfaces and on the degradation

of the fiberglass surfaces of the housing, mounting stake and internal and

external hardware of telephone cable pedestals. The materials investigated

on were exposed for periods up to six years in six different soil and

atmospheric environments. Specimens were exposed as either a painted

galvanized steel housing with a painted galvanized steel mounting stake, a painted galvanized steel housing with an unpainted galvanized steel mounting

stake, a fiberglass housing with a fiberglass mounting stake, a fiberglass

housing with an unpainted galvanized mounting stake, or afiberglass housing

with a polyvinylchloride mounting stake. Metals studied included, aluminum,

galvanized steel, plated brass, plated steel, steel, and stainless steel alloys.

12. KEY WORDS (Six to twelve entries; alphabetical order; capitalize only proper names; and separate key words by semicolon s) Alloys; atmospheric; corrosion; degradation; dissipation; fiberglass; painted;

pedestals; surface; underground; unpainted;

13. AVAILABILITY 14. NO. OF

| X| Unlimited

| | For Official Distribution. Do Not Release to NTIS

PRINTED PAGES

59

| | Order From Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

20402. 15. Price

j X] Order From National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA. 22161 $10.00

USCOMM-OC 6043-P30
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