NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT IDLING RESTRICTIONS, STATEWIDE

RACM Analysis

Control Measure:

Construction equipment idling restrictions

Description: 

Construction equipment used on state projects (approximately 10% of the population) would be 

required to reduce idling times. 

Documentation:

 Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA), Retail Diesel Prices: 

http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/wohdp/diesel_detail_report.asp

 Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA), Retail Gasoline Prices:

http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/wrgp/mogas_home_page.html

 Effectiveness of retrofit technology: http://www.lubrizol.com/EngineControl/products/

 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Median Life, Annual Activity, and Load Factor 

Values for Nonroad Engine Emissions Modeling,” EPA420-P-04-005. Office of Air and 

Radiation, April 2005.

 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Emission Facts Idling Vehicle Emissions,” 

EPA420-F-05-0ww. Office of Air and Radiation, March 2005.

Methodology:

The NONROAD 2005 model was used to estimate the 2009 population for each equipment type 

listed below. Percentages obtained from research and outlined below were then used to estimate 

the expected emission reductions resulting from implementing this control measure.

Inputs/Assumptions:

 It is assumed that 10% of the 2009 inventory of the following equipment will be used on 

state contracts: airport equipment, commercial equipment, construction and mining 

equipment, industrial equipment and railroad equipment

 The equipment listed above is assumed to be used an average of 5 hours per day and 250 

days per year based on the average annual activity as published in the NONROAD 

documentation.

 An 80% compliance rate is assumed.

 The NONROAD 2005 model was used to estimate the 2009 equipment populations and 

fuel consumption.

 At the suggestion of EPA’s Office of Transportation and Air Quality, an average of idling 

emission factors (g/hr) for VIIIa and VIIIb vehicles was used as a surrogate for nonroad 

idling factors. EPA considers this to be a conservative estimate.

Average Construction Equipment Idling Rates (g/hr)

8A 8B Avg.

VOC 4.25 5.05 4.65

NOx 48.3 56.1 52.2

PM2.5 0.83 0.91 0.87
NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT IDLING RESTRICTIONS, STATEWIDE

RACM Analysis

NONROAD inputs:

NY-NJ-CT PA-NJ-DE PA-NJ-MD-DE

Inputs Annual Sum. Day Annual Sum. Day

Min 19.1 66.8 24.2 65.1

Max 83.9 82.9 85.3 78.1

Avg. 51.0 75.0 54.4 75.0

RVP 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0

O2 Weight 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

Gas Sulfur 0.0030 0.0030 0.0030 0.0030

Diesel Sulfur 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015

Stage II 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Results:

Ozone Analysis – Daily Benefits (tpd) in New Jersey:

Benefits 

(Reductions)

Ozone Non-Attainment Area

NY-NJ-CT PA-NJ-MD-DE

VOC (Tons/Day) 0.15 0.04

NOx (Tons/Day) 1.68 0.50

PM2.5 Analysis – Annual Benefits (tpy) in New Jersey:

Benefits 

(Reductions)

PM2.5 Non-Attainment Area

NY-NJ-CT PA-NJ-DE

NOx (Tons/Year) 417.92 63.57

PM2.5 (Tons/Year) 6.93 1.05

SO2 (Tons/Year) NA NA
NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT IDLING RESTRICTIONS, STATEWIDE

RACM Analysis

Cost Benefit Results:

Nonattainment Area

Ozone ($/tpd)

VOC NOx

NY-NJ-CT $(129,374) $ (11,525)

PA-NJ-MD-DE $(195,756) $ (17,438)

Statewide $(144,508) $ (12,873)

Nonattainment Area

PM2.5 ($/tpy)

NOx PM2.5 SO2

NY-NJ-CT $ (13,595) $ (819,956) NA 

PA-NJ-DE $ (14,935) $ (900,745) NA 

Statewide $ (13,772) $ (830,623) NA 

* Parentheses denote a cost savings.