10-1871-cr

United States v. Tillman

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED

ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE

PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A

DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN

ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST

SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals

2 for the Second Circuit, held at the Daniel Patrick Moynihan

3 United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of

New York, on the 15th 4 day of April, two thousand eleven.

5

6 PRESENT: DENNIS JACOBS,

7 Chief Judge,

8 PIERRE N. LEVAL,

9 ROBERT A. KATZMANN,

10 Circuit Judges.

11

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13 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 

14 Appellee,

15

16 -v.- 10-1871-cr

17

18 DONNA TILLMAN, also known as Donna

19 Richards, 

20 Defendant-Appellant.

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22 FOR APPELLANT: Beth M. Farber, New York, New

23 York.

24

25 FOR APPELLEE: Joseph P. Facciponti, Andrew L.

26 Fish, for Preet Bharara, United

27 States Attorney for the Southern

28 District of New York, New York,

29 New York.

30
2

1 Appeal from a judgment of the United States District

2 Court for the Southern District of New York (Swain, J.).

3

4 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED

5 AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court be

6 AFFIRMED. 

7

8 Donna Tillman was convicted, after a bench trial in the

9 United States District Court for the Southern District of

10 New York (Swain, J.), of conspiracy to commit money

11 laundering in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1956(h), money

12 laundering, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1956(a)(1)(B)(i)

13 and 2, and engaging in monetary transactions in property

14 derived from specified unlawful activities, in violation of

15 18 U.S.C. §§ 1957(a) and 2. On appeal, Tillman argues the

16 evidence presented at trial was insufficient as a matter of

17 law to support a judgment of conviction. We assume the

18 parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts, the

19 procedural history, and the issues presented for review.

20

21 “[A] defendant raising an appellate challenge to the

22 sufficiency of the evidence supporting a conviction faces a

23 heavy burden, because we must review the evidence in the

24 light most favorable to the government, drawing all

25 reasonable inferences in its favor.” United States v.

26 Gaskin, 364 F.3d 438, 459 (2d Cir. 2004) (internal quotation

27 marks omitted). “When evaluating whether the government’s

28 evidence is sufficient to support a conviction, we review

29 the separate pieces of evidence not in isolation but in

30 conjunction . . . .” In re Terrorist Bombings of U.S.

31 Embassies in E. Afr., 552 F.3d 93, 115 (2d Cir. 2008)

32 (internal quotation marks omitted). A defendant can prevail

33 on a sufficiency challenge only if this Court concludes that

34 “no rational factfinder could have found the crimes charged

35 proved beyond a reasonable doubt.” Gaskin, 364 F.3d at 459-

36 60. “We apply this same deferential standard when we review

37 a verdict rendered by a judge after a bench trial.” United

38 States v. Mazza-Alaluf, 621 F.3d 205, 209 (2d Cir. 2010).

39

40 The evidence presented at trial is sufficient to

41 support the judgment of conviction. The money laundering

42 statute “reach[es] a person who knows that [s]he is dealing

43 with the proceeds of some crime[,] even if [s]he does not

44 know precisely which crime.” United States v. Maher, 108

45 F.3d 1513, 1526 (2d Cir. 1997) (internal quotation marks

46 omitted). Tillman’s post-arrest statements support a

47 finding that she knew the money at issue was obtained
3

1 fraudulently: A federal agent testified that Tillman

2 admitted that Toybe Bennett, a key player in the money

3 laundering scheme, was involved in stealing cars or

4 identities and was not legitimately employed. The trial

5 testimony of the cooperating witness further supports the

6 conviction. While Tillman maintains that these witnesses

7 are unworthy of belief, the evaluation of the credibility of

8 witnesses falls to the trier of fact; this argument does not

9 present a basis for reversal of Tillman’s judgment of

10 conviction. See United States v. Glenn, 312 F.3d 58, 64 (2d

11 Cir. 2002).

12

13 Tillman allowed her coconspirators to make large

14 deposits into her bank account, and into other accounts

15 under her control; and, she made immediate withdrawals from

16 her accounts after these deposits were made. This behavior,

17 done without question, at least supports the inference that

18 Tillman consciously avoided learning the nature of the

19 activity in which she was involved while being aware of a

20 high probability that she was participating in an illegal

21 scheme. See United States v. Svoboda, 347 F.3d 471, 480 (2d

22 Cir. 2003); United States v. Finkelstein, 229 F.3d 90, 95

23 (2d Cir. 2000).

24

25 Tillman’s argument that there was insufficient evidence

26 of her intent to conceal, as required for conviction under

27 18 U.S.C. § 1956(a)(1)(B)(i), is without merit. Section

28 1956(a)(1)(B)(i) prohibits concealment of “the nature, the

29 location, the source, the ownership, or the control of the

30 proceeds of specified unlawful activity.” By her own

31 admission, Tillman believed that she was allowing money

32 belonging to Bennett to be deposited in accounts under her

33 control so that Bennett could avoid a restitution

34 obligation, which is more than sufficient to establish her

35 intent to conceal the ownership of the funds.

36

37 Having considered all of the arguments presented by

38 Tillman on appeal, we hereby AFFIRM the judgment of the

39 district court.

40

41

42 FOR THE COURT:

43 CATHERINE O’HAGAN WOLFE, CLERK

44