Appendix C 

Air Quality Data
2

Appendix C.1 

Air Quality Data 

Table of Contents 
3

Table 1. Quarterly Average PM2.5 Values (μg/m3) for the Kentucky portions of the 

Nonattainment Area

 .................................................................................................3

Table 2. Annual Average PM2.5 Values (μg/m3) for the Kentucky portions of the 

Nonattainment 

Areas................................................................................................4

Table 3. 3-year Current PM2.5 Design Values (μg/m3) for the Kentucky portions of 

the Nonattainment 

Areas...........................................................................................4 

Table 4. Summary table PM2.5 Values used for Designations in the Kentucky 

portions of the Nonattainment 

Areas......................................................,...................5 

Figure 1. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for the northern Kentucky 

area, as determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors....................6 

Figure 2. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for the Ashland area in 

Kentucky, as determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors.............7 

Figure 3. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for Jefferson County, 

Kentucky, as determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors.............8 

Figure 4. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for Jefferson County, 

Kentucky, as determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors.............9 
4

Table 1. Quarterly Average PM2.5 Values (μg/m3) for the Kentucky portions of the 

Nonattainment Areas.

AIRS ID County Site Name Quarter 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

1 13.7 13.4 12.0 12.4 11.4 13.0 11.1 12.0

2 16.4 15.5 17.9 13.1 13.0 15.2 13.9 16.4

3 17.5 21.0 21.6 19.4 17.9 22.8 19.6 18.5

4 15.0 11.2 10.7 10.8 10.9 13.1 10.4 10.5

1 15.6 15.6 11.6 12.9 11.6 14.6 10.8 12.5

2 15.5 16.0 15.5 13.7 13.7 16.1 14.7 17.5

3 19.0 19.9 20.7 20.3 18.1 20.4 19.9 20.0

4 15.6 10.8 11.1 10.5 11.1 14.1 11.1 11.6

1 13.7 15.8 11.4 12.3 11.3 12.2 11.5 x

2 15.6 14.7 15.3 13.3 12.8 14.5 x x

3 15.2 14.0 21.9 18.2 16.6 21.3 x 18.1

4 15.9 9.3 10.7 9.9 10.5 11.4 x 11.0

1 14.8 16.4 10.8 13.7 11.8 14.1 10.4 12.0

2 16.5 15.1 14.9 14.1 13.3 14.8 12.6 16.1

3 17.1 19.3 22.2 18.9 17.9 22.3 19.2 17.5

4 16.5 10.2 12.3 10.5 10.8 12.3 10.9 11.6

1 15.0 17.1 12.0 14.6 12.5 14.8 12.1 12.0

2 15.8 x 16.4 16.3 14.5 16.4 13.7 16.6

3 20.9 x 26.4 20.9 18.0 21.2 21.3 19.2

4 17.6 x 13.8 12.0 13.0 14.5 12.8 12.6

1 15.0 17.3 12.1 14.7 12.4 14.4 12.0 11.5

2 15.7 16.6 17.6 15.1 13.5 15.2 15.1 16.3

3 19.0 22.9 26.5 20.2 17.8 21.1 21.0 19.3

4 17.0 14.2 13.6 11.6 12.5 15.2 12.6 12.5

1 14.7 16.6 10.9 13.9 10.8 14.7 11.5 12.5

2 16.4 16.1 16.0 14.6 13.9 15.3 13.6 16.7

3 19.3 21.9 25.3 21.3 18.2 21.5 20.5 19.1

4 16.4 13.0 13.5 12.3 11.9 15.6 10.3 12.3

1 13.8 15.4 11.1 13.5 11.1 13.6 12.0 12.9

2 17.4 15.2 17.9 14.9 12.2 16.2 14.5 16.9

3 18.8 21.1 20.9 20.8 16.7 21.6 17.9 20.1

4 17.2 13.5 13.0 10.5 10.6 14.5 10.4 12.9

Quarterly average PM2.5 values are presented in micrograms per meter cubed (ug/m3).

Bolded values represent quarters whose average values exceed the level of the annual

PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (i.e. greater than 15.0 μg/m3).

21-111-0048 Jefferson Barret

21-037-0003 Campbell NKU

21-117-0007 Kenton Covington

21-111-0051 Jefferson Watson

21-111-0043 Jefferson 37th

21-111-0044 Jefferson Beecher

21-019-0017 Boyd Ashland

21-029-0006 Bullitt Shepherdsville
5

 Annual Average PM2.5 Values (μg/m3) for the Kentucky portions of the Nonattainment 

AIRS ID County Site Name 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

21-019-

0017 Boyd Ashland 15.7 15.3 15.5 13.9 13.3 16.0 13.8 14.3 

21-029-

0006 Bullitt Shepherdsville 16.4 15.6 14.7 14.4 13.6 16.3 14.1 15.4 

21-037-

0003 Campbell NKU 15.1 13.4 14.8 13.4 12.8 14.8 11.5 14.6 

21-117-

0007 Kenton Covington 16.3 15.3 15.1 14.3 13.4 15.9 13.3 14.3 

21-111-

0043 Jefferson 37th 17.3 17.1 17.2 16.0 14.5 16.7 15.0 15.1 

21-111-

0044 Jefferson Beecher 16.7 17.7 17.5 15.4 14.1 16.5 15.2 14.9 

21-111-

0048 Jefferson Barret 16.7 16.9 16.4 15.5 13.7 16.8 14.0 15.1 

21-111-

0051 Jefferson Watson 16.8 16.3 15.7 14.9 12.6 16.5 13.7 15.7 

Annual average PM2.5 values are presented in micrograms per meter cubed (ug/m3). Source: 

USEPA/AQS. 

Bolded values represent annual average values that exceed the level of the 

annual PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (i.e. greater than 15.0 

ug/m3). 

 

Table 3. 3-year Current PM2.5 Design Values (μg/m3) for the Kentucky portions of the 

Nonattainment Areas. 

AIRS ID County Site Name 

2000-

2002 

2001-

2003 

2002-

2004 

2003-

2005 

2004-

2006 

2005-

2007 

21-019-

0017 Boyd Ashland 15.5 14.9 14.3 14.4 14.4 14.7 

21-029-

0006 Bullitt Shepherdsville 15.6 14.9 14.2 14.8 14.7 15.3 

21-037-

0003 Campbell NKU 14.4 13.9 13.7 13.7 13.1 13.6 

21-117-

0007 Kenton Covington 15.5 14.9 14.3 14.5 14.2 14.5 
6

21-111-

0043 Jefferson 37th 17.2 16.7 15.9 15.7 15.4 15.6 

21-111-

0044 Jefferson Beecher 17.3 16.9 15.6 15.3 15.2 15.5 

21-111-

0048 Jefferson Barret 16.7 16.3 15.2 15.3 14.8 15.3 

21-111-

0051 Jefferson Watson 16.3 15.6 14.4 14.7 14.3 15.3 

PM2.5 design values are presented in micrograms per meter cubed (ug/m3). 

Source: USEPA/AQS 

Bolded values represent annual average values that exceed the level of the annual 

PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (i.e. greater than 15.0 ug/m3). 

 

 

 

Table 4. Summary table PM2.5 Values used for Designations in the Kentucky portions of 

the Nonattainment Areas. 

AIRS 

ID County Site Name Year Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 

Annual 

Average 

Design 

Value 

2001 13.4 15.5 21.0 11.2 15.3 

2002 12.0 17.9 21.6 10.7 15.5 

21-

019-

0017 

Boyd Ashland 

2003 12.4 13.1 19.4 10.8 13.9 14.9 

2001 15.6 16.0 19.9 10.8 15.6 

2002 11.6 15.5 20.7 11.1 14.7 

21-

029-

0006 

Bullitt Shepherdsville

2003 12.9 13.7 20.3 10.5 14.4 14.9 

2001 15.8 14.7 14.0 9.3 13.4 

2002 11.4 15.3 21.9 10.7 14.8 

21-

037-

0003 

Campbell NKU 

2003 12.3 13.3 18.2 9.9 13.4 13.9 

2001 16.4 15.1 19.3 10.2 15.3 

2002 10.8 14.9 22.2 12.3 15.1 

21-

117-

0007 

Kenton Covington 

2003 13.7 14.1 18.9 10.5 14.3 14.9 

2001 17.1 x x x x 

2002 12.0 16.4 26.4 13.8 17.2 

21-

111-

0043 

Jefferson 37th 

2003 14.6 16.3 20.9 12.0 16.0 16.8 

21- 2001 17.3 16.6 22.9 14.2 17.7 

111-

Jefferson Beecher 

2002 12.1 17.6 26.5 13.6 17.5 

16.9 
7

0044 2003 14.7 15.1 20.2 11.6 15.4 

2001 16.6 16.1 21.9 13.0 16.9 

2002 10.9 16.0 25.3 13.5 16.4 

21-

111-

0048 

Jefferson Barret 

2003 13.9 14.6 21.3 12.3 15.5 16.3 

2001 15.4 15.2 21.1 13.5 16.3 

2002 11.1 17.9 20.9 13.0 15.7 

21-

111-

0051 

Jefferson Watson 

2003 13.5 14.9 20.8 10.5 14.9 15.6 
8

Covington - University College

AIRS Code 211170007 POC 5 (ROUTINE)

Date(s): 1/4/2004 - 12/29/2004

Average Concentration (μg/m3)

Nitrate

12%

Sulfate

31%

Ammonium

12%

Organic carbon

24%

Elemental carbon

4%

Crustal component

3%

Other

14%

Figure 1. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for the northern Kentucky area, as 

determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors. 
9

Ashland Health Department

AIRS Code 210190017 POC 5 (ROUTINE)

Date(s): 1/4/2004 - 12/29/2004

Average Concentration (μg/m3)

Nitrate

6%

Sulfate

30%

Ammonium

10%

Organic carbon

27%

Elemental carbon

4%

Crustal component

3%

Other

20%

Figure 2. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for the Ashland area in Kentucky, as 

determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors. 
10

Southwick Community Center

AIRS Code 211110043 POC 5 (ROUTINE)

Date(s): 1/4/2004 - 12/29/2004

Average Concentration (μg/m3)

Nitrate

10%

Sulfate

29%

Ammonium

11%

Organic carbon

25%

Elemental carbon

4%

Crustal component

4%

Other

17%

Figure 3. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for the Jefferson County area in 

Kentucky, as determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors. 
11

APCD (Barret)

AIRS Code 211110048 POC 5 (ROUTINE)

Date(s): 1/4/2004 - 12/29/2004

Average Concentration (μg/m3)

Nitrate

11%

Sulfate

26%

Ammonium

11%

Organic carbon

25%

Elemental carbon

4%

Crustal component

5%

Other

18%

Figure 4. The 2004 Average Percent Composition of PM2.5 for the Jefferson County area in 

Kentucky, as determined by data from the Speciated Trends Network monitors. 
Appendix C.2 

Air Quality Data Used for Modeling 
1. Air Quality Data for 2002 

As part of the Visibility Improvement State and Tribal Association of the Southeast (VISTAS) 

Phase I modeling study, the VISTAS emissions and air quality modeling team of ENVIRON 

International Corporation, Alpine Geophysics (AG) and the University of California at Riverside 

(UCR) compiled ambient monitoring data for both gas and particulate species to be used in the 

VISTAS regional haze model performance evaluation. UCR took the lead in this activity. The 

contractor’s report (found in Attachment C.1) describes the sources of the ambient data and the 

steps taken in the processing and quality assurance (QA) of the data. In addition, the ambient 

data is being processed and formatted in preparation for use in software packages designed for 

the model performance evaluation. 

The goal was to preprocess the ambient data and present plots of ambient data on the project 

website so model performance evaluations when the model simulations were completed. The 

ambient data are available from the following 9 monitoring networks or databases: 

• EPA’s AQS (Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Quality System) database 

• PAMS (Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations) 

• IMPROVE (The Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) 

• SEARCH (Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization) 

• EPA’s STN (Speciation Trends Network) 

• NADP (National Atmospheric Deposition Program) 

• CASTNET (Clean Air Status and Trend Network) 

• PM Supersites 

• NARSTO SOS99 Aircraft data (for the July 1999 episode only) 

• TVA measurement network 

• Georgia Institute of Technology Assessment of Spatial Aerosol Composition in 

Atlanta (ASACA) monitors. 

Note that there is some overlap in the above monitoring networks. For example, some data from 

PAMS (such as ozone and nitrogen oxides) are included in the AQS database, and it appears that 

the STN network may also include speciated particulate matter data from IMPROVE and other 

monitoring networks. Attachment C.1 contains maps of many of the existing and planned (as of 

January 2002) urban and rural fine particulate matter speciation networks. The available data 

from the above monitoring networks for the three episodes of VISTAS regional haze modeling 

(July 9-22, 1999, July 7-28, 2001 and January 1- 21, 2002) was obtained. The attempt was made 

to reconcile data from the various networks and to perform a high level QA of the ambient data. 

The monitoring networks, the available data, and QA efforts are described in their entirety in the 

previously mentioned VISTAS report. 

Additional data used in the air quality modeling include the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer 

(TOMS). TOMS data is available for 24-hour average and is obtained from 

http://toms.gsfc.nasa.gov/eptoms/ep.html. The TOMS data is used in the CMAQ radiation 

model (JPROC) to calculate photolysis rates.
1.1 Quality Assurance -- Overview 

The VISTAS Phase II emissions and air quality modeling team received emissions, 

meteorological and air quality data from other VISTAS contractors or other sources. As a first 

line of QA, a Gatekeeper function was defined to assure the data have been received correctly, 

evaluate the quality of the data, and document the data received. Separate air quality, 

meteorological and emissions Gatekeepers have been identified whose roles are defined below. 

In addition, a Data Management Gatekeeper has been defined who will post data, reports and 

results to the project website and archive all key data generated in the project. 

• Air Quality Data Gatekeeper. Obtain air quality data as appropriate for model input 

development and model performance evaluation and assure quality of all air quality 

data obtained, consistent with approved QA plan. This gatekeeper will also provide 

documentation of evaluation and generate IC/BC inputs for CMAQ for all modeling 

runs. 

• Meteorological Gatekeeper. Obtain meteorological data, as MM5 or MCIP files, as 

appropriate for annual 2002 modeling runs and other episode periods and perform 

data quality checks as approved in QA plan together with appropriate documentation 

of model performance evaluation activities.

1.2 Quality Assurance of Air Quality Data 

In gathering data from the monitoring networks it is assumed that the agency or researcher 

responsible for collecting the data performed quality assurance on the data. However, it is 

possible that the data sets may contain erroneous data (i.e., missing data, zeros during 

calibration, unrealistic values, etc). Due to poor documentation or poor formatting of some data 

sets it is also possible that mistakes may be made in our processing of the data. To guard against 

this possibility, a plan to perform a high level QA by visually inspecting time-series plots and 

scatter plots of the ambient data was developed and is outlined as follows: 

Plots of Time Series

Time series plots are generated for PAMS species. The plots should be inspected for the 

following: 

• Large "jumps" or "dips" in the concentrations 

• Periodicity of peaks, calibration carryover 

• Unexpected diurnal behavior (i.e., isoprene) 

• Unexpected relationships among species 

• High single-hour concentrations of less abundant species 
Scatter Plots

Scatter plots may be prepared for the following: 

• Total NMOC vs. species group totals, vs. individual species 

• Benzene vs. Toluene, Acetylene, Ethane 

• Scatter plots comparing data for a single species measured with different sampling 

methods 

• Plots of reconstructed mass versus measured mass (to reveals if anything unusual is 

happening with the chemical measurements) 

• Plots of molal particulate ammonium versus the molal sum of sulfate and particulate 

nitrate (as a sanity check on the ion balance in the PM chemical measurements) 

If data is identified that appears flawed it will be flagged and either corrected if the error is in the 

processing step, or removed from the data set.

Further detail on the quality assurance of air quality data modeling data can be found in the 

VISTAS document in Attachment C.1. Additional information on quality assurance procedures 

can be found in the QAPP, as referenced in Appendix G of the SIP. 
Attachment C.1 

Review and Assessment of Available Ambient 

Air Quality Data to Support Modeling and 

Modeling Performance Evaluation for the 

Three VISTAS Phase I Episodes 
July 2003 

Draft VISTAS Emissions and 

Air Quality Modeling— 

Phase I Task 3 Report: 

Review and Assessment of Available Ambient 

Air Quality Data to Support Modeling and 

Modeling Performance Evaluation for the 

Three VISTAS Phase I Episodes 

Prepared by: 

ENVIRON International Corporation 

101 Rowland Way 

Novato, California 94945 

Alpine Geophysics LLC 

3479 Reeves Drive 

Ft. Wright, Kentucky 41017 

UC Riverside 

CE-CERT 

1084 Columbia Avenue 

Riverside, California 92507 

UC Davis 

Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering 

Davis, California 95616 

Revised July 22, 2003 

 101 Rowland Way, Suite 220, Novato, CA 94945 415.899.0700 
July 2003 

i 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

1.0. SUMMARY.......................................................................................1-1 

2.0. EPA’S AIR QUALITY SYSTEM (AQS)...................................................2-1 

3.0. PHOTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT MONITORING 

 STATIONS (PAMS) ............................................................................3-1 

4.0. INTERAGENCY MONITORING OF PROTECTED 

 VISUAL ENVIRONMENTS (IMPROVE) ................................................4-1 

5.0. SOUTHEASTERN AEROSOL RESEARCH AND 

 CHARACTERIZATION (SEARCH) .......................................................5-1 

6.0. SPECIATION TRENDS NETWORK (STN)..............................................6-1 

7.0. NATIONAL ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION PROGRAM (NADP)................7-1 

8.0. CLEAN AIR STATUS AND TREND NETWORK (CASTNet).......................8-1 

9.0. PM SUPERSITES...............................................................................9-1 

10.0. AIRCRAFT DATA............................................................................ 10-1 

11.0. DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE .......................................................... 11-1 

APPENDICES 

Appendix A: Locations of Speciated PM and IMPROVE Monitors 
July 2003 

ii 

TABLES 

Table 2-1. Currently available hourly concentration data 

 from AQS for three VISTAS episode selections....................................2-2 

Table 3-1. Species measured in PAMS network. ................................................3-2 

Table 4-1. Species of PM2.5 measured in IMPROVE network.................................4-2 

Table 4-2. Species mappings for IMPROVE species............................................4-4 

Table 4-3. Definitions of CMAQ species names used in Table 4-2...........................4-5 

Table 5-1. PM2.5 species measured in search network. .........................................5-1 

Table 5-2. Coarse PM species measured in search network. ..................................5-2 

Table 6-1. Species of PM2.5 measured in STN network.........................................6-1 

Table 8-1. Species mappings for CASTNET species............................................8-2 

Table 9-1. Locations of PM Supersites. ...........................................................9-1 

FIGURES 

Figure 2-1. Overlap among ambient data collected from 

 several monitoring networks...........................................................2-1 

Figure 2-2. Distribution of average ambient O3 

 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999). .....................................................2-4 

Figure 2-3. Distribution of average ambient PM2.5 

 Concentrations (July 9-22, 1999). ....................................................2-5 

Figure 2-4. Distribution of average ambient NO2 

 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999). .....................................................2-6 

Figure 2-5. Distribution of average ambient CO 

 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999). .....................................................2-7 

Figure 2-6. Distribution of average ambient SO2 

 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999). .....................................................2-8 

Figure 2-7. Distribution of average ambient O3 

 concentrations (July 7-28, 2001). .....................................................2-9 

Figure 2-8. Distribution of average ambient PM2.5 

 concentrations (July 7-28, 2001). ................................................... 2-10 

Figure 2-9. Distribution of average ambient O3 

 concentrations (January 1-21, 2002)................................................ 2-11 

Figure 2-10. Distribution of average ambient PM2.5 

 concentrations (January 1-21, 2002)................................................ 2-12 

Figure 3-1. Distribution of average ambient HCHO concentrations 

 (July 9-22, 1999) from the PAMS network .........................................3-4 
July 2003 

iii 

Figure 3-2. Distribution of average ambient acetone concentrations 

 (July 9-22, 1999) from the PAMS network .........................................3-5 

Figure 3-3. Distribution of average ambient HCHO concentrations 

 (January 1-21, 2002) from the PAMS network.....................................3-6 

Figure 3-4. Distribution of average ambient acetone concentrations 

 (January 1-21, 2002) from the PAMS network.....................................3-7 

Figure 5-1. Locations of the SEARCH monitoring sites (Source: Atmospheric 

 Research and Analysis, Inc., www.atmopheric-research.com). .................5-3 

Figure 7-1. Locations of NADP National Trends Network (NTN) monitors 

 (Figure obtained from the EPA NADP website). ..................................7-4 

Figure 7-2. Locations of the AIRMoN wet and dry deposition monitoring 

 sites (Figure obtained from the EPA AIRMoN website)..........................7-5 

Figure 7-3. Locations of the AIRMoN wet deposition monitoring sites 

 (Figure obtained from the EPA AIRMoN website). ...............................7-6 

Figure 8-1. Locations of CASTNet monitoring sites (Figure obtained 

 from EPA CASTNet website). ........................................................8-3 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec1.gst.doc 1-1 

1.0 SUMMARY 

As part of the VISTAS Phase I modeling study, the VISTAS emissions and air quality 

modeling team of ENVIRON International Corporation, Alpine Geophysics (AG) and the 

University of California (UC) are compiling ambient monitoring data for both gas and 

particulate species to be used in the VISTAS regional haze model performance evaluation. 

The University of California at Riverside (UCR) is taking the lead in this activity. This report 

describes the sources of the ambient data and the steps that will be used in the processing and 

quality assurance (QA) of the data. In addition, the ambient data is being processed and 

formatted in preparation for use in software packages designed for the model performance 

evaluation. Our goal is to preprocess the ambient data and present plots of ambient data on the 

project website so that we can rapidly complete model performance evaluations when the 

model simulations are completed. As the processing of ambient data are completed, plots of 

the data are being made available at the project website: 

http://pah.cert.ucr.edu/vistas/ambient.shtml. A large amount of this data is currently available 

at the project website, and we are continuing to develop the website to facilitate the display of 

time series plots. 

The ambient data are available from the following 9 monitoring networks or databases: 

• EPA’s AQS (Air Quality System) database 

• PAMS (Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations) 

• IMPROVE (The Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) 

• SEARCH (Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization) 

• EPA’s STN (Speciation Trends Network) 

• NADP (National Atmospheric Deposition Program) 

• CASTNET (Clean Air Status and Trend Network) 

• PM Supersites 

• NARSTO SOS99 Aircraft data (for the July 1999 episode only) 

• TVA measurement network 

• Georgia Institute of Technology Assessment of Spatial Aerosol Composition in Atlanta 

(ASACA) monitors. 

Note that there is some overlap in the above monitoring networks. For example, some data 

from PAMS (such as O3 and NOx) are included in the AQS database, and it appears that the 

STN network may also include speciated PM data from IMPROVE and other monitoring 

networks. Appendix A shows maps of many of the existing and planned (as of January, 2002) 

urban and rural PM2.5 speciation networks. 

We have obtained most of the available data from the above monitoring networks for the three 

episodes of VISTAS regional haze modeling (July 9-22, 1999, July 7-28, 2001 and January 1-

21, 2002). Although a comprehensive quality assurance and validation effort is beyond the 

scope of this effort, we are attempting to reconcile data from the various networks and to 

perform a high level QA of the ambient data. The monitoring networks, the available data, and 

QA efforts are described below. We expect that during the next two months we will continue 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec1.gst.doc 1-2 

to gather and process ambient data, and will rely on expertise from other team members and 

VISTAS in identifying ambient data. We have not yet investigated the possibility of systematic 

bias among different analytical methods used in the various networks. However, this is an 

important subject to be addressed because of the possibility that networks employ different 

sampling methods. 

Measurement data from monitors operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and 

Georgia Technology’s ASACA monitors have not yet been acquired. ASACA has been 

operating three Particle Composition Monitors and three TEOMS in Atlanta since early 1999. 

When acquired, these data will be documented on the project website. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-1 

2.0 EPA’S AIR QUALITY SYSTEM (AQS) 

The Air Quality System (AQS) database is EPA's repository of “criteria air pollutant”

monitoring data since the 1970s. The criteria air pollutants are: 

• Carbon Monoxide (CO) 

• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) 

• Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 

• Ozone (O3) 

• Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5) 

• Lead (Pb) 

Ambient concentrations of these pollutants from more than 4000 monitoring stations are 

reported to AQS on weekly or monthly basis. While several other monitoring networks (e.g. 

PAMS, IMPROVE, CASTNet, and etc.) owned and operated by different agencies collect 

various air pollutants, only criteria air pollutants are reported to AQS (as shown in Figure 2-

1). 

Figure 2-1. Overlap among ambient data collected from several monitoring networks.

PM25, PM10 

O3, SO2 

PM25, PM10 

O3, NOx, CO, Pb, etc 

EPA PM Sites 

Other monitoring stations 

from state, local agencies 

VOCs O3, NOx 

Sp. PM25, 

Visibility

HNO3, NO3, 

SO4,
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-2 

Although direct access to full AQS raw data is currently not available, several archived data 

files can be downloaded from EPA’s website http://www.epa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaqs/. Table 2-1 

summarizes the data that are currently available and processed for hourly average 

concentration data from AQS for three VISTAS episodes. We have requested the remaining 

AQS data from EPA and will process them upon arrival. Note that the AQS includes O3 data 

from the State/Local/National Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS). 

Table 2-1. Currently* available hourly concentration data from AQS for three VISTAS episode 

selections. 

Period O3 PM2.5 NO2 CO SO2

July 9-22, 1999 X X X X X 

July 7-28, 2001 X X 

Jan. 1-21, 2002 X X 

* Efforts are underway to acquire the NO2, CO and SO2 measurements for the July 2001 and January 2002 

episodes. 

These data are presented on the VISTAS project website, http://www.cert.ucr.edu/vistas

/ambient.shtml, under the title of “Ambient data for Model Evaluation”, as animated figures 

that show spatial variation of O3, PM2.5, NO2, CO and SO2 concentrations. These data will 

also be made available as time series plots for each monitor site. The spatial distributions for 

average species concentrations within each VISTAS episode are shown in Figures 2-2 through 

2-10. These plots are intended to be illustrative of the results on the project web page, and 

for more detailed evaluation please see the ambient data page: 

http://pah.cert.ucr.edu/vistas/ambient.shtml. 

Note that the web page also includes plots that zoom in on the southeastern US domain. 

July 9-22, 1999 

Hourly O3 concentrations were available at 1113 stations over USA for July 9-22, 1999. 

Figure 2-2 shows the distribution of average O3 concentrations for these stations. 

Hourly PM2.5 concentrations were available at 25 stations over USA for July 9-22, 1999. 

Figure 2-3 shows the distribution of average PM2.5 concentrations for these stations. 

Hourly NO2 concentrations were available at 170 stations over USA for July 9-22, 1999. 

Figure 2-4 shows the distribution of average NO2 concentrations for these stations. 

Hourly CO concentrations were available at 442 stations over USA for July 9-22, 1999. 

Figure 2-5 shows the distribution of average CO concentrations for these stations. 

Hourly SO2 concentrations were available at 563 stations over USA for July 9-22, 1999. 

Figure 2-6 shows the distribution of average SO2 concentrations for these stations. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-3 

July 7-28, 2001 

Hourly O3 concentrations were available at 1113 stations over USA for July 7-28, 2001. 

Figure 2-7 shows the distribution of average O3 concentrations for these stations. 

Hourly PM2.5 concentrations were available at 148 stations over USA for July 7-28, 2001. 

Figure 2-8 shows the distribution of average PM2.5 concentrations for these stations. 

January 1-21, 2002 

Hourly O3 concentrations were also available at 501 stations over USA for January 1-21, 

2002. Figure 2-9 shows the distribution of average O3 concentrations for these stations. 

Hourly PM2.5 concentrations were available at 180 stations over USA for January 1-21, 2002. 

Figure 2-10 shows the distribution of average PM2.5 concentrations for these stations. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-4 

Figure 2-2. Distribution of average ambient O3 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-5 

Figure 2-3. Distribution of average ambient PM2.5 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999). 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-6 

Figure 2-4. Distribution of average ambient NO2 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999). 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-7 

Figure 2-5. Distribution of average ambient CO concentrations (July 9-22, 1999).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-8 

Figure 2-6. Distribution of average ambient SO2 concentrations (July 9-22, 1999).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-9 

Figure 2-7. Distribution of average ambient O3 concentrations (July 7-28, 2001). 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-10 

Figure 2-8. Distribution of average ambient PM2.5 concentrations (July 7-28, 2001). 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-11 

Figure 2-9. Distribution of average ambient O3 concentrations (January 1-21, 2002).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec2.gst.doc 2-12 

Figure 2-10. Distribution of average ambient PM2.5 concentrations (January 1-21, 2002). 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec3.gst.doc 3-1 

3.0 PHOTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT MONITORING STATIONS (PAMS) 

In response to the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, EPA has required more extensive 

monitoring of ozone and its precursors in areas with persistently high ozone levels. 

Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) have been established by the States to 

collect and report detailed data for volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, ozone and 

meteorological parameters. The EPA lists five objectives for the PAMS program: 

1. Provide a speciated ambient air database which is both representative and useful for 

ascertaining ambient profiles and distinguishing among various individual VOC. 

2. Provide local, current meteorological and ambient data to serve as initial and boundary 

condition information for photochemical grid models, a method that simulates 

meteorological and physical processes that affect air pollution emissions in the 

atmosphere. 

3. Provide a representative, speciated ambient air database which is characteristic of 

source emission impacts. 

4. Provide ambient data measurements which would allow later preparation of unadjusted 

and adjusted pollutant trends reports. 

5. Provide additional measurements of selected criteria pollutants. 

Because different types of ambient monitoring data are required to characterize regional 

background concentration, emissions sources, and peak pollutant levels, four different types of 

PAMS sites are used: 

• Type I: Upwind and background characterization 

• Type II: Maximum ozone precursor emissions impact 

• Type III: Maximum ozone concentration 

• Type IV: Extreme downwind monitoring 

Hourly average concentrations of O3, NO, NO2, NOx and about 60 species of VOC (volatile 

organic compounds) are measured at each PAMS station. Archived data files can be 

downloaded from the website: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaqs/archived%

20data/archivedaqsdata.htm. Table 3-1 shows the species names, carbon numbers and 

molecule weights for 60 species of VOC measured in PAMS. The PAMS data are currently 

available for VISTAS’ two modeling periods of July 9-22, 1999 and Jan. 1-21, 2002. Since 

some data, such as O3, NO, NO2 and NOx may also be included in the AQS database, we are 

still considering the best approach to treat these data (i.e., present them with the AQS data 

only, or with the PAMS data only, or both). 

For the data from selected PAMS sites, hourly average concentrations are available for 64 

species (Table 2-1) for July 9-22, 1999 and Jan. 1-21, 2002. The animated graphics that show 

five species (TNMOC, THC, HCHO, acetaldehyde and acetone) concentrations have been put 

on the VISTAS project website (http://pah.cert.ucr.edu/vistas/ambient.shtml, under the title of 

“Ambient data for Model Evaluation”. Example plots of average concentrations for two 

important species (HCHO and acetone) are shown in Figures 3-1 through 3-4. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec3.gst.doc 3-2 

Table 3-1. Species measured in PAMS network. 

Name Description 

Carbon 

number MWt 

NO NITRIC OXIDE 

NO2 NITROGEN DIOXIDE 

NOX OXIDES OF NITROGEN 

PAMHC SUM OF PAMS TARGET COMPOUNDS 

TNMOC TOTAL NMOC 

ETHAN ETHANE AKA-METHYLMETHANE 2 30.07 

ETHYL ETHYLENE AKA-ETHENE 2 62.07 

PROPA PROPANE AKA-DIMETHYLMETHANE 3 44.10 

PRPYL PROPYLENE AKA-PROPENE 4 102.09 

ACETE ACETYLENE AKA-ETHYNE 2 26.04 

NBUTA N-BUTANE AKA-BUTANE 4 58.12 

ISBTA ISOBUTANE AKA-2-METHYLPROPANE 4 58.12 

T2BTE TRANS-2-BUTENE 4 56.11 

C2BTE CIS-2-BUTENE 4 56.11 

NPNTA N-PENTANE AKA-AMYL HYDRIDE 5 72.15 

ISPNA ISOPENTANE AKA-2-METHYLBUTANE 5 72.15 

1PNTE 1-PENTENE AKA-PROPYLETHYLENE 5 70.14 

T2PNE TRANS-2-PENTENE 5 70.14 

C2PNE CIS-2-PENTENE AKA-CIS-B-N-AMYLENE 5 70.14 

3MPNA 

3-METHYLPENTANE AKADIETHYLMETHYLMETHANE 16 226.45 

NHEXA N-HEXANE 6 86.18 

NHEPT N-HEPTANE AKA-DIPROPYLMETHANE 7 100.21 

NOCT N-OCTANE 8 114.23 

NNON N-NONANE AKA-NONYL HYDRIDE 9 128.26 

NDEC N-DECANE 10 142.29 

CYPNA CYCLOPENTANE AKA-PENTAMETHYLENE 5 70.14 

ISPRE ISOPRENE AKA-3-METHYL-1,3-BUTADIENE 5 68.12 

22DMB 2,2-DIMETHYLBUTANE AKA-NEOHEXANE 6 86.18 

2M1PE 

2-METHYL-1-PENTENE AKA-1-METHYL-1-

PROPYLETHYLENE 6 84.16 

24DMP 2,4-DIMETHYLPENTANE 7 100.21 

CYHXA CYCLOHEXANE AKA-HEXAMETHYLENE 6 84.16 

3MHXA 3-METHYLHEXANE 7 100.21 

224TM 2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE AKA-ISOOCTANE 8 114.23 

234TM 2,3,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE 8 114.23 

3MHEP 3-METHYLHEPTANE 8 114.23 

MCYHX 

METHYLCYCLOHEXANE AKAHEXAHYDROTOLUENE 7 98.19 

MCPNA METHYLCYCLOPENTANE 6 84.16 

2MHXA 2-METHYLHEXANE AKA-ISOHEPTANE 8 

1BUTE 1-BUTENE AKA-ETHYLETHYLENE 4 56.11 

23DMB 2,3-DIMETHYLBUTANE AKA-DIISOPROPYL 6 86.18 

2MPNA 2-METHYLPENTANE AKA-ISOHEXANE 7 

23DMP 2,3-DIMETHYLPENTANE 7 100.21 

FORM FORMALDEHYDE AKA-OXYMETHYLENE 1 30.03 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec3.gst.doc 3-3 

Name Description 

Carbon 

number MWt 

ACETA ACETALDEHYDE AKA ACETIC ALDEHYDE 2 44.05 

ACET ACETONE AKA-DIMETHYLKETONE 3 58.08 

NUNDC N-UNDECANE 11 156.31 

2MHEP 2-METHYLHEPTANE 8 

O3 OZONE 

M/PXY M/P XYLENE 8 106.17 

BZ BENZENE 6 78.11 

TOLU TOLUENE AKA METHYLBENZENE 7 92.14 

EBENZ ETHYLBENZENE AKA-PHENYLETHANE 8 106.17 

OXYL O-XYLENE AKA-1,2-DIMETHYLBENZENE 8 106.17 

135TB 1,3,5-TRIMETHYLBENZENE AKA-MESITYLENE 9 120.20 

124TB 1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE AKA-PSEUDOCUMENE 9 120.20 

NPBZ N-PROPYLBENZENE AKA-1-PHENYLPROPANE 9 120.20 

ISPBZ ISOPROPYLBENZENE AKA CUMENE 9 120.20 

OETOL O-ETHYLTOLUENE 8 

METOL M-ETHYLTOLUENE 8 

PETOL P-ETHYLTOLUENE (AKA 4-ETHYLTOLUENE) 8 

MDEB M-DIETHYLBENZENE 8 

PDEB P-DIETHYLBENZENE AKA-1,4-DIETHYLBENZENE 6 147.01 

STYR STYRENE AKA ETHENYLBENZENE 8 104.15 

123TB 1,2,3-TRIMETHYLBENZENE 9 120.20 

July 9-22, 1999 

Hourly HCHO concentrations are available at 92 stations over USA for July 9-22, 1999. 

Figure 2-11 shows the distribution of average HCHO concentrations during that period of time 

for these stations. 

Hourly Acetone concentrations are available at 130 stations over USA for July 9-22, 1999. 

Figure 2-12 shows the distribution of average acetone concentrations for these stations. 

Jan. 1-21, 2002 

Hourly HCHO concentrations are available at 57 stations over USA for Jan. 1-21, 2002. 

Figure 2-13 shows the distribution of average HCHO concentrations for these stations. 

Hourly Acetone concentrations are available at 67 stations over USA for Jan. 1-21, 2002. 

Figure 2-14 shows the distribution of average Acetone concentrations for these stations. 

We have recently obtained more speciated VOC data for additional PAMS sites and are 

currently evaluating these data. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec3.gst.doc 3-4 

Figure 3-1. Distribution of average ambient HCHO concentrations (July 9-22, 1999) from the 

PAMS network. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec3.gst.doc 3-5 

Figure 3-2. Distribution of average ambient acetone concentrations (July 9-22, 1999) from the 

PAMS network. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec3.gst.doc 3-6 

Figure 3-3. Distribution of average ambient HCHO concentrations (January 1-21, 2002) from 

the PAMS network. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec3.gst.doc 3-7 

Figure 3-4. Distribution of average ambient acetone concentrations (January 1-21, 2002) from 

the PAMS network. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec4.gst.doc 4-1 

4.0 INTERAGENCY MONITORING OF PROTECTED VISUAL ENVIRONMENTS 

(IMPROVE) 

The Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) monitoring 

network consists of air quality data from Class I areas that include national parks and 

wilderness areas where visibility is deemed an important attribute. There are also IMPROVE 

protocol monitoring sites that are not located in Class I areas (see Appendix A for locations). 

This monitoring program is an interagency effort with the U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency (USEPA) and the U.S. Department of the Interior (USDOI), including the U.S. Forest 

Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Bureau of Land Management. The 

IMPROVE fine particle network collects PM2.5 and PM10 samples over a twenty four hour 

using IMPROVE samplers. The current network consists of over 160 monitoring sites, mainly 

located in Class I ("Clean Air") areas. Some of the earliest sites have been in operation since 

March 1988, although most sites were installed in the mid 1990’s or later. The PM samples 

are analyzed for PM2.5 mass and its elemental constituents, organics, ions, light absorption and 

PM10 mass. 

The objectives of IMPROVE are: (1) to establish current visibility and aerosol conditions in 

mandatory class I areas; (2) to identify chemical species and emission sources responsible for 

existing man-made visibility impairment; (3) to document long-term trends for assessing 

progress towards the national visibility goal; (4) and to provide regional haze monitoring 

representing all visibility-protected federal class I areas where practical. In 1999 there were 70 

IMPROVE sites including 30 sites in Class I areas and an additional 40 sites using the 

IMPROVE protocol. By 2002 there were approximately 110 IMPROVE sites and 53 

IMPROVE Protocol sites. 

The standard IMPROVE sampler has four sampling modules, listed below, although some 

sites only include the Module A: 

Module A: PM2.5 particles on Teflon are analyzed at UC Davis using the following methods: 

• gravimetric mass for PM2.5

• hybrid integrating plate/sphere method for optical absorption 

• Proton Elastic Scattering Analysis (PESA) for hydrogen 

• Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) for Na-Mn 

• X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) for Fe-Pb 

Module B: PM2.5 particles on nylon. A denuder before the nylon filter removes nitric acid 

vapors. These are analyzed by ion chromatography (IC) at Research Triangle Institute for 

nitrate (NO3

-

), chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO4

2-), and nitrite (NO2-

). 

Module C: PM2.5 particles on quartz. These are analyzed at Desert Research Institute for 

carbon using the Thermal Optical Reflectance (TOR) combustion method. A secondary filter 

at selected sites is used to determine artifacts. These are reported in 8 temperature categories. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec4.gst.doc 4-2 

Module D: PM10 particles on Teflon. All are measured for PM10 mass. Approximately 4% are 

analyzed by the other four methods listed for Module A. 

For selected IMPROVE sites, there also are transmissometer data to directly measure light 

extinction and nephelometer data to provide direct measurements of light scattering. 

The IMPROVE data have passed the “Level 0 and Level 1” quality assurance and control 

procedure conducted by the Crocker Nuclear Laboratory at UC Davis, and are added to the 

online database after a 30 day period to allow the States, Tribes, FLM’s or any other 

organization a chance to review and comment on the accuracy, credibility, and/or 

representativeness of aerosol speciation data collected and the reconciliation of any issues these 

organizations may find. In the past, we have not performed any additional QA of the 

IMPROVE data, and have simply used the data obtained from the Cooperative Institute for 

Research in Atmosphere (CIRA) website: http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve. 

A 24 hour averaging period is used for IMPROVE data. Prior to 2000, two 24 hour samples 

were collected twice a week, on Wednesday and Saturday. After 2000, 24 hour samples were 

collected every three days. 

Table 4-1 lists the 41 species measured at IMPROVE sites. The IMPROVE data are available 

for all three VISTAS modeling episodes. The downloaded data have been formatted for 

evaluation software, and time series plots are also available for download on the project 

website. Additional QA of these data can be performed, as discussed in Section 10, using time 

series and scatter plots of these data. 

Table 4-1. Species of PM2.5 measured in IMPROVE network. 

CODE NAME CODE NAME 

AL Aluminum: Fine NH4 Ammonium ion: Fine 

AS Arsenic: Fine NI Nickel: Fine 

BR Bromine: Fine NO3 Nitrate: Fine 

CA Calcium: Fine OC1 Carbon: Fine organic (OC1) 

CHL Chloride: Fine OC2 Carbon: Fine organic (OC2) 

CL Chlorine: Fine OC3 Carbon: Fine organic (OC3) 

CR Chromium: Fine OC4 Carbon: Fine organic (OC4) 

CU Copper: Fine OP Carbon: Fine organic (OP) 

EC1 Carbon: Fine elemental (EC1) P Phosphorus: Fine 

EC2 Carbon: Fine elemental (EC2) PB Lead: Fine 

EC3 Carbon: Fine elemental (EC3) RB Rubidium: Fine 

FE Iron: Fine S Sulfur: Fine 

H Hydrogen: Fine SE Selenium: Fine 

K Potassium: Fine SI Silicon: Fine 

MASS PM2.5: mass SO4 Sulfate: Fine 

MASS PM10: mass SR Strontium: Fine 

MG Magnesium: Fine TI Titanium: Fine 

MN Manganese: Fine V Vanadium: Fine 

MO Molybdenum: Fine ZN Zinc: Fine 

N2 Nitrite: Fine ZR Zirconium: Fine 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec4.gst.doc 4-3 

CODE NAME CODE NAME 

NA Sodium: Fine 

For most species, the IMPROVE data cannot be matched directly to the model gas and PM 

species because of lumping schemes in the model chemistry. Therefore, it is necessary to 

convert the ambient data and model species into forms that can be directly compared. Table 4-

2 shows the mapping scheme used for the IMPROVE comparison to the model species. Table 

4-3 list definitions for CMAQ model species. Definitions for compounds in Table 4-2 include 

the following: OC is organic carbon; EC is elemental carbon or soot; CM is coarse mass; 

RCFM is reconstructed fine mass; and Bext_Recon is reconstructed extinction coefficient. 

We note that in previous model evaluation for WRAP the sulfate and nitrate were assumed to 

be full neutralized and that ammonium sulfates and nitrate were represented in CMAQ as 

1.375*(ASO4J + ASO4I) +1.29*(ANO3J + ANO3I), respectively. This was used for 

consistency with the formula used to calculate the model reconstructed extinction coefficient. 

For VISTAS we propose to use the CMAQ model ammonium mass (ANH4J+ANH4J) 

explicitly because this provides a more accurate estimate of modeled fine mass. 

In previous modeling studies we have not had access to direct measurements of ammonium ion 

(NH4

+). VISTAS is funding the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) to measure NH4+ at 10 sites 

beginning in September, 2002. Prior to September, NH4

+ data will be available for only 3 

sites: Great Smokey Mountains (GRSM), Shenandoah (SHEN), Class I areas, and Dolly Sods 

(DOSO). 

Concerns have been raised regarding the accuracy of the IMPROVE HNO3 data, and we have 

found that it tends to be lower than HNO3 data from the CASTNET network. However, we 

do not have a basis for adjusting or rejecting the IMPROVE HNO3 data, and further 

evaluation of HNO3 data from all monitoring networks is required. In September 2003 EPA 

will conduct a field study intercomparison of HNO3 methods using a Chemical Ionization 

Mass Spectrometer as a reference method. This may provide insight into the accuracy of 

HNO3 methods employed at the different monitoring networks, however, it is unlikely that 

results from this study will be available in 2003 to affect the VISTAS Phase I modeling. 

There are concerns that the coarse mass (CM) IMPROVE measurements may also include 

some sulfate, nitrate and other species (e.g., sea salt and organics) that occur in the coarse 

mode. There are two different mechanism by which NO3 can be transferred to the coarse 

mode: formation of coarse mode sodium nitrate or calcium nitrate, and the ammonium nitrate 

distributions that can extend in to the coarse mode. In previous CMAQ performance 

evaluations, all nitrate has been assumed to be in the fine mode. If substantial fractions of 

nitrate are in the coarse mode, CMAQ would be expected to over predict the mass of fine 

nitrate. Speciation of the CM fraction is ongoing at several IMPROVE sites to investigate this 

issue. A coarse mode speciation measurement program was begun in spring, 2002, and it is 

possible that initial results will be available in fall, 2002. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec4.gst.doc 4-4 

We are also investigating the modal distributions of the Aitken and accumulation modes in 

CMAQ. Although these modes are typically assumed to be entirely PM2.5, we have found that 

some of the mass does extend in to the coarse mode. 

Table 4-2. Species mappings for IMPROVE species. Note that CMAQ represents fine PM 

species in two size modes: Aitken nuclei (0.03 to 0.5 μm) and accumulation mode (0.5 to 

2.5 μm) and in CMAQ by represented by J and I, respectively. Compounds listed include coarse 

mass (CM); 

Compound IMPROVE Species CMAQ Mapping 

SO4 SO4 ASO4J + ASO4I 

NO3 NO3 ANO3J + ANO3I 

NH4+ NH4+ ANH4J + ANH4I 

OC 1.4*(OC1+OC2+OC3+OC4+OP) AORGAJ + AORGAI + AORGPAJ + 

AORGPAI + AORGBJ + AORGBI 

EC EC1+EC2+EC3-OP AECJ + AECI 

SOIL 2.2*Al + 2.49*Si + 1.63*Ca + 

2.42*Fe + 1.94*Ti A25I +A25J 

CM MT – FM ACORS + ASEAS + ASOIL 

PM25a FM 

ASO4J + ASO4I + ANO3J + ANO3I + ANH4J 

+ ANH4I + AORGAJ + AORGAI + AORGPAJ 

+ AORGPAI + AORGBJ + AORGBI + AECJ + 

AECI + A25J + A25I 

RCFM 1.375*SO4 + 1.29*NO3 + EC + OC 

+ SOIL Same for PM25 

PM10 MT 

ASO4J + ASO4I + ANO3J + ANO3I + ANH4J 

+ ANH4I + AORGAJ + AORGAI + AORGPAJ 

+ AORGPAI + AORGBJ + AORGBI + AECJ + 

AECI + A25J + A25I + ACORS + ASEAS + 

ASOIL 

Bext_Recon 

(1/Mm) 

10b

 + 3*f(RH)c(1.375*SO4 + 

1.29*NO3) + 4*OC + 10*EC + SOIL

+ 0.6*CM 

10b

 + 3*f(RH)c[1.375*(ASO4J + ASO4I) + 

1.29*(ANO3J + ANO3I)] + 4*1.4*(AORGAJ + 

AORGAI + AORGPAJ + AORGPAI + AORGBJ 

+ AORGBI) + 10*(AECJ + AECI) + 1*(A25J + 

A25I) + 0.6*(ACORS + ASEAS + ASOIL) 

a Measured; b

 Rayleigh scattering correction; c f(RH) site and day specific relative humidity adjustment 

factor. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec4.gst.doc 4-5 

Table 4-3. Definitions of CMAQ species names used in Table 4-2. 

CMAQ Mapping 

ASO4 Aerosol sulfate 

ANO3 Aerosol nitrate 

ANH4 Ammonium ion 

AORGPA Organic aerosols from primary organic emissions 

AORGA, AORGB Secondary organic aerosols from anthropogenic sources 

(aromatics, paraffin) and biogenic source, respectively. 

AEC Elemental Carbon 

A25 Unspecified fine mass including fine crustal material (fine soil)

ASOIL Soil-derived (crustal) coarse materials 

ASEAS Sea salt (only in coarse mode) 

ACORS Unspecified anthropogenic coarse mass 

RCFM Reconstructed fine mass 

MT Mass total 

CM Coarse mass 

Bext_recon Reconstructed extinction coefficient 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec5.gst.doc 5-1

5.0 SOUTHEASTERN AEROSOL RESEARCH AND CHARACTERIZATION 

(SEARCH) 

SEARCH is a monitoring network for Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization. 

There are 8 monitoring sites located in four states in the SEARCH network whose locations 

are shown in Figure 5-1. Daily PM2.5 data are measured for 46 species, while daily coarse PM 

data are measured for 18 species in SEARCH network. Archived data file can be downloaded 

from the website (http://www.atmospheric-research.com/public/index.html). Tables 5-1 and 5-

2 show the names for 46 PM2.5 species and 18 coarse PM species. The SEARCH data are 

currently available for two of the VISTAS Phase I modeling episodes (July 9-22, 1999 and 

July 7-28, 2001). 

The frequency of the PM2.5 measurements of SEARCH has varied from 1998 to the present. 

Measurements were made daily at all sites for a little over one year. Subsequently, the 

measurements frequency varies from daily to every third or sixth day depending on the 

specific site of interest. Semi-continuous TEOM PM2.5 mass measurements have been 

available since the onset of the program and are reported as hourly averages. Semi-continuous 

measurements of PM chemical components have been phased in over the years, initially at 

Jefferson Street (Atlanta) and later at other sites. However, the ARS Data Gap report 

indicates that such hourly data have not yet been made generally available on the SEARCH 

web site. We need to determine whether the modeling team has this data or how best to get 

access to this data. 

Table 5-1. PM2.5 species measured in SEARCH network. 

Name Name Name Name 

FRM Mass PM25 Major 

Metal Oxides XRF Pb Al2O3 

FRM SO4 PCM2 SO4 XRF Sb SiO2 

FRM NO3 PCM2 NO3 XRF Se K2O 

FRM NH4 PCM2 NH4 XRF Sn CaO 

PCM1 Mass PCM2 CL XRF Ti TiO2 

PCM1 SO4 PCM3 EC XRF Zn Fe2O3 

PCM1 NO3 PCM3 OC WS Chromium XRF S 

PCM1 Vol NO3 XRF As WS Copper TEOM Mass 

PCM1 Teflon NO3 XRF Ba WS Iron BackupPCM3 EC 

PCM1 NH4 XRF Br WS Manganese BackupPCM3 OC 

PCM1 Vol NH4 XRF Cu WS Nickel 

PCM1 Teflon NH4 XRF Mn WS Vanadium 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec5.gst.doc 5-2

Table 5-2. Coarse PM species measured in SEARCH network. 

Name Name Name Name 

Coarse Mass Chromium Vanadium TiO2 

Coarse SO4 Copper Al2O3 Fe2O3 

Coarse NO3 Iron SiO2 Coarse S 

Coarse NH4 Manganese K2O 

CoarseMajorMetalOxides Nickel CaO 

For the data from SEARCH network, daily average PM2.5 concentrations for 46 species (Table 

5-1) and daily coarse PM concentration for 18 species (Table 5-2) are available for two 

modeling episodes (July 9-22, 1999 and July 7-28, 2001). 

We are working with the SEARCH sponsors and scientists to obtain data suitable for model 

performance evaluation and obtain data for the January 2002 episode. Locations of the 

SEARCH monitors are shown in Figure 5-1. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec5.gst.doc 5-3

Figure 5-1. Locations of the SEARCH monitoring sites (Source: Atmospheric Research and 

Analysis, Inc., www.atmopheric-research.com).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec6.gst.doc 6-1 

6.0 SPECIATION TRENDS NETWORK (STN) 

EPA’s Speciation Trends Network (STN) includes about 215 monitoring stations nationwide. 

It appears that among these 215 sites may include IMPROVE sites or other data from other 

networks. This, however, needs to be verified. Daily PM2.5 data are measured for 64 species 

in the STN network. Some archived STN data files were obtained from the 

website:http://www.epa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaqs/archived%20data/archivedaqsdata.htm. 

Additional documentation of the STN and descriptions of the data are still needed. Table 6-1 

shows the codes and names for 64 species measured in STN. Locations of the STN monitors, 

as well as other specified PM monitors, are shown in Appendix A. 

Table 6-1. Species of PM2.5 measured in STN network. 

Code Description Code Description 

88101 PM2.5 - Local Conditions 88160 Tin PM2.5 LC 

88102 Antimony PM2.5 LC 88161 Titanium PM2.5 LC 

88103 Arsenic PM2.5 LC 88162 Samarium PM2.5 LC 

88104 Aluminum PM2.5 LC 88163 Scandium PM2.5 LC 

88105 Beryllium PM2.5 LC 88164 Vanadium PM2.5 LC 

88107 Barium PM2.5 LC 88165 Silicon PM2.5 LC 

88109 Bromine PM2.5 LC 88166 Silver PM2.5 LC 

88110 Cadmium PM2.5 LC 88167 Zinc PM2.5 LC 

88111 Calcium PM2.5 LC 88168 Strontium PM2.5 LC 

88112 Chromium PM2.5 LC 88169 Sulfur PM2.5 LC 

88113 Cobalt PM2.5 LC 88170 Tantalum PM2.5 LC 

88114 Copper PM2.5 LC 88172 Terbium PM2.5 LC 

88115 Chlorine PM2.5 LC 88176 Rubidium PM2.5 LC 

88117 Cerium PM2.5 LC 88179 Uranium PM2.5 LC 

88118 Cesium PM2.5 LC 88180 Potassium PM2.5 LC 

88121 Europium PM2.5 LC 88183 Yttrium PM2.5 LC 

88124 Gallium PM2.5 LC 88184 Sodium PM2.5 LC 

88126 Iron PM2.5 Lc 88185 Zirconium PM2.5 LC 

88127 Hafnium PM2.5 LC 88186 Tungsten PM2.5 LC 

88128 Lead PM2.5 LC 88301 Ammonium Ion PM2.5 LC 

88131 Indium PM2.5 LC 88302 Sodium Ion Pm2.5 LC 

88132 Manganese PM2.5 LC 88303 Potassium Ion PM2.5 LC 

88133 Iridium PM2.5 LC 88304 OCX Carbon 

88134 Molybdenum PM2.5 LC 88305 Organic Carbon PM2.5 LC 

88136 Nickel PM2.5 LC 88306 Total Nitrate PM2.5 LC 

88140 Magnesium PM2.5 LC 88307 Elemental Carbon PM2.5 LC 

88142 Mercury PM2.5 LC 88308 Carbonate Carbon PM2.5 LC 

88143 Gold PM2.5 LC 88309 Volatile Nitrate PM2.5 LC 

88146 Lanthanum PM2.5 LC 88310 Non-volatile Nitrate PM2.5 LC 

88147 Niobium PM2.5 LC 88311 OCX2 Carbon 

88152 Phosphorus PM2.5 LC 88312 Total Carbon PM2.5 LC 

88154 Selenium PM2.5 LC 88403 Sulfate PM2.5 LC 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec7.gst.doc 7-1 

7.0 NATIONAL ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION PROGRAM (NADP) 

The National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) is 

designed to measure wet deposition. The network is a cooperative effort between State 

Agricultural Experiment Stations, the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, and other governmental and private entities. It includes over 200 sites in the 

continental United States, Alaska, and Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands whose locations are 

shown in Figure 7-1. The purpose of the network is to collect data on the chemistry of 

precipitation for monitoring of geographical and temporal long-term trends. The precipitation 

at each station is collected weekly is analyzed for hydrogen (acidity as pH), sulfate, nitrate, 

ammonium, chloride, and base cations (such as calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium). 

The NADP network includes a quality assurance program, so we expect to use this data 

without any additional QA. 

The major wet deposition network -- the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) -

- has a large array of about 200 stations. Weekly samples of precipitation are collected at these 

stations and then sent to a single central laboratory for chemical analysis. The weekly 

sampling network has three severe drawbacks: 

Because the NADP program uses a weekly sampling period the data has poor temporal 

resolution and the sample chemistry can be affected by chemical and biological activity. The 

NADP also includes the Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network (AIRMoN) 

which was designed to study precipitation chemistry trends with greater temporal resolution. 

Precipitation samples are collected daily from a network of nine wet deposition sites and 

analyzed for the same constituents as the NADP/NTN samples. AIRMoN also includes a dry 

deposition network and these are described next. NADP measures weekly deposition of 

compounds in units of mg/l as well as precipitation in units of l. The PM models will output 

deposition in terms of hourly mass flux per grid cell (e.g., 12 km x 12 km). The modeled 

results will be accumulated to weekly deposition fluxes per unit area (e.g., gm/km2

/week). 

Using the NADP precipitation and information on the NADP Sampler, the NADP deposition 

measurements will be converted to the same units as the modeled values. 

AIRMoN Dry Deposition Data 

The AIRMoN program includes both dry and wet deposition components. Figure 7-2 shows 

the locations of monitoring sites for both programs. The dry deposition data is described at 

their web page: http://www.arl.noaa.gov/research/projects/airmon_data.html. The description 

of the AIRMoN dry deposition data from the website is included verbatim here for 

convenience: 

Dry deposition rates are computed in the AIRMoN network by combining estimates of sitespecific and time-evolving deposition velocities with measurements of air concentrations 

obtained using a weekly sampling protocol. The intent has been to mirror the 0900 Tuesday 

sample change standards adopted by the National Atmospheric Deposition Program. At times, 

the AIRMoN dry samples are obtained over substantially different periods, because of 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec7.gst.doc 7-2 

operator absence or problems with instrumentation. The data summaries have been arranged 

so that each sequential week is represented, even though some of the initial data represent 

periods longer than a single week. 

The AIRMoN concentration sampler is a three-element filterpack, with a leading teflon filter 

to remove particles, a middle nylon filter to extract nitric acid vapor, and a final doped 

cellulose filter intended primarily to sample sulfur dioxide. An inlet tube is used to impose a 

small amount of heat on the incoming air stream, to protect against liquid formation on the 

filters in periods of high humidities. There is no doubt that this influences the measurement of 

ammonium nitrate. In practice, any temperature change imposed on collected ammonium 

nitrate particles will cause some change in the sample, so that any long-term accumulative 

measurement of related species (such as that reported here) will be susceptible to error 

because of the effects of the diurnal cycle in air temperature. Tests of the AIRMoN sampling 

system indicate that particulate ammonium nitrate deposited on the teflon filter is 

incompletely disassociated with minor consequences on the measurement of nitric acid vapor 

and of sulfur dioxide, but with major influence on the measurement of nitrate on the doped 

cellulose filter. For this reason, measurements of nitrate reported here are considered to be 

unreliable. 

It should also be noted that tests indicate that the values associated with nitric acid vapor are 

underestimates, on the average by 25%. The values listed should be increased accordingly, to 

correct for this error (due to deposition on the walls of the inlet tube). 

Deposition velocities tabulated here are derived using a multi-layer numerical model, driven 

by field observations of selected key variables (such as wind speed, the standard deviation of 

the wind direction, surface wetness, incident solar radiation, temperature, humidity, plant 

species distribution, etc.) It is estimated that these deposition velocities might be in error by 

as much as 30%. 

Weekly average deposition rates are computed as the product of the weekly average 

deposition velocities and the weekly average concentration, thus omitting consideration of a 

correlation term that can be significant when air concentrations display a consistent and 

significant diurnal cycle. 

Regarding the last paragraph above, there are in fact large diurnal variations in several trace 

species of interest, and the errors introduced by this approach should be further investigated. 

Omitting consideration of a correlation term is likely to introduce additional errors greater than 

the 30% error mentioned above. 

As noted on the AIRMoN web page, there is very large uncertainty in dry deposition 

estimates, and it is possible that the data on the website will be modified as more is learned 

about the processes that control dry deposition. 

UCR is currently investigating the availability of the NADP and AIRMoN data. We expect to 

obtain the AIRMoN data from the website, but we still need to determine if other NADP data 

is available. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec7.gst.doc 7-3 

AIRMoN Wet Deposition Data: 

The AIRMoN wet deposition program is described at the web page: 

http://www.arl.noaa.gov/research/projects/airmon_wet.html 

The AIRMoN wet deposition monitoring employs a daily sample collection protocol, thus 

differentiating itself from the weekly operations of the mainstream NADP stations. In practice, 

daily sampling provides a greatly improved quantification of ammonium deposition. At the 

National Atmospheric Deposition Program Technical Committee Meeting in 1994 (October 

24-27) final decisions were made regarding the AIRMoN-wet quality assurance plan; a system 

of flags will be used to alert data users to specific problems. 

UCR is currently downloading data from both wet and dry AIRMoN networks.
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec7.gst.doc 7-4 

Figure 7-1. Locations of NADP National Trends Network (NTN) monitors (Figure obtained from 

the EPA NADP website).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec7.gst.doc 7-5 

Figure 7-2. Locations of the AIRMoN wet and dry deposition monitoring sites (Figure obtained 

from the EPA AIRMoN website).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec7.gst.doc 7-6 

Figure 7-3. Locations of the AIRMoN wet deposition monitoring sites (Figure obtained from the 

EPA AIRMoN website).
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec8.gst.doc 8-1 

8.0 CLEAN AIR STATUS AND TREND NETWORK (CASTNET) 

CASTNET is designed to measure dry deposition and it is comprised of 123 sites across the 

United States as shown in Figure 8-1. It includes measurements of ambient concentration and 

meteorology and land use which are then used to calculate dry deposition rates. For the 

model performance evaluation we will use the ambient concentration measurements to 

compare with the model. Dry deposition data are measured for 13 species including: TOTAL 

SO4, TOTAL NO3, TOTAL NH4, CA, MG, NA, K, NSO4, NHNO3, WSO2, WNO3, 

TOTAL SO2, and TOTAL NO3. 

Detailed data collection procedures are described at the EPA CASTNET website: 

http://www.epa.gov/castnet. In short, atmospheric concentration data are collected at each 

site with open-faced, 3-stage filter packs. The filter pack contains a Teflon filter for collection 

of particulate species, a nylon filter for nitric acid and a base-impregnated cellulose 

(Whatman) filter for sulfur dioxide. Filter packs are exposed for 1-week intervals (i.e., 

Tuesday to Tuesday) at a flow rate of 1.5 liters per minute (3.0 liters per minute for western 

sites), and sent to the Harding ESE, Gainesville, FL laboratory for chemical analysis. 

All three filters are extracted and analyzed for certain species: 

Teflon filter: SO4

2-, NO3-

, NH4

+

Nylon filter: SO4

2-, NO3-

Cellulose filter (Whatman): SO4

2-, NO3-

The sulfate, nitrate and ammonium in the teflon filter extract are interpreted as particulate 

species (listed above as TSO4, TNO3 and TNH4). The nitrate in the nylon filter extract is 

interpreted as nitric acid. The sum of sulfate in the nylon and cellulose filter extracts is 

interpreted as sulfur dioxide (SO2). Any nitrate detected in the cellulose filter extract is not 

interpreted, since it likely represents a host of oxidized nitrogen species. 

Because aerosol nitrate on the teflon filter can revolatilize, the nitrate on the teflon filter 

represent those particles that have not volatilized during the sampling period. The nitrate on 

the nylon back filter represents nitric acid that was originally in the atmosphere plus any that 

was produced through revolatilization of the nitrate particles on the teflon filter. Thus, 

because of the volatilization losses, the CASTNet particulate nitrate is less than the IMPROVE 

nitrate. Also, because IMPROVE uses a nitrate denuder to remove ambient nitric acid, the 

CASTNet total nitrate (the sum of the teflon and nylon filter nitrates) is greater than the 

IMPROVE nitrate. Details are provided in Appendix G of the 2000 IMPROVE Report and by 

Ames and Malm [Ames R.B and W.C. Malm, Comparison of sulfate and nitrate particle mass 

concentrations measured by IMPROVE and the CDN, Atmospheric Environment, 2001, 905-

916.] Thus, the IMPROVE and CASTNet nitrate values cannot be directly compared. Moreover, 

the CASTNet NO3 and HNO3 data cannot be directly compared to the modeled species. In 

previous applications we have compared the CASTNet data to the model for the sum 

NO3+HNO3 and we propose to use the same approach for the VISTAS model evaluation.

The CASTNet data have been downloaded from: http://www.epa.gov/castnet/data.html. 

The CASTNET data are available for all three modeling episodes. The actual start time and 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec8.gst.doc 8-2 

collection period varies among sites, so this makes it difficult to automate the model 

performance evaluation, and additional effort is required to match the sample period with the 

model output period. 

As in the case of the IMPROVE data, measured species can not be compared directly to the 

models species, and Table 8-1 shows the mapping scheme to be used for comparing the 

CASTNET data to model species. 

Table 8-1. Species mappings for CASTNet species. 

Compound CASTNet Species CMAQ Mapping

Gaseous HNO3 NHNO3 (nylon filter) 2176.9*DENSa*HNO3 

Particulate NO3 TNO3 (Teflon filter) ANO3J + ANO3I 

Total HNO3 + NO3

NHNO3 (nylon filter) + TNO3 

(Teflon filter) 

2176.9*DENSa

*HNO3 + 

ANO3J + ANO3I 

Particulate NH4 TNH4 (Teflon filter) ANH4I + ANH4J 

Gaseous SO2 TOTAL_SO2 2211.5*DENS*SO2 

Particulate SO4 TSO4 (Teflon filter) ASO4I + ASO4J 

a Air density obtained from MCIP outputs
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec8.gst.doc 8-3 

Figure 8-1. Locations of CASTNet monitoring sites (Figure obtained from EPA CASTNet 

website). 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec9.gst.doc 9-1

9.0 PM SUPERSITES 

There are 8 PM Supersites. The locations of these sites are listed in Table 9-1. The data 

includes PM size distribution, ions, metal elements, EC, OC, radical, and gaseous pollutants 

is measured in Supersites. Available data varies with the site. The archived data files can be 

downloaded from the website (ftp://ftp.supersitesdata.umd.edu). 

Eastern Supersites Program (ESP01) 

The ESP01 was initially planned as an effort to coordinate an intensive monitoring in July 

2001 among the three PM Supersites projects (New York, Pittsburgh, and Baltimore). As 

other researchers expressed interest in the program it grew in scope and eventually over 30 

groups were involved in ESP01. The intensive monitoring program was planned for June 30, 

2001 at 0000 hrs to July 29, 2001 at 2400 hrs. The program included an extensive set of gas, 

PM, PM precursor, photochemical, visibility, and meteorological measurements. The study 

also included an extensive network of Radar Profilers (NOAA FSL) which will be useful for 

evaluating transport within and above the boundary layer. EPA plans to centralize all air 

quality and meteorological data in one location within several relational databases to allow for 

easy access to the data and to help ensure that modelers and data analysts will be working with 

uniform databases. Details on data collected at the PM Supersites can be found at 

www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/supersites.html. We have contacted Paul Solomon and Marc 

Pitchford to determine the schedule for releasing this database. 

Table 9-1. Locations of PM Supersites. 

Location Institution 

Atlanta GA Georgia Institute of Technology 

Baltimore, MD University of Maryland at College Park 

Fresno, CA Desert Research Institute 

Houston, TX University of Texas at Austin 

Los Angeles, CA University of California, Los Angeles 

New York, NY University at Albany, State University of New York 

Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon University 

St. Louis, MO Washington University 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec10.gst.doc 10-1

10.0 AIRCRAFT DATA 

Of the three episodes selected for Phase I, only during episode 3 (13-21 July 1999) were there 

research aircraft flights performed that provide aloft meteorological and air quality data 

suitable for model performance testing. These data were collected during the Southern 

Oxidants Study (SOS) intensive field program performed principally in Nashville, TN during 

the summer of 1999. An overview of the SOS/Nashville 1999 aircraft data has been submitted 

to VISTAS as Appendix A to the Task 2 report (ENVIRON, 2003) and is not repeated here. 

Aircraft data are available through the NARSTO Archive and are available online at: 

http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/project/narsto/table_narsto.html. We have downloaded the 

NOAA WP3 data, but have not yet attempted to process this data for model evaluation. The 

Brookhaven/DOE data does not appear to be accessible through the NARSTO archive, and we 

will contact Brookhaven directly to access this data. 
July 2003 

G:\VISTAS Modeling\Task3a Air Quality Data\Revised_Draft\Sec11.gst.doc 11-1 

11.0 DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE 

In gathering data from the monitoring networks we have assumed that QA was performed by 

the agency or researcher responsible for collecting the data. However, it is possible that the 

data sets may contain erroneous data (i.e., missing data, zeros during calibration, unrealistic 

values, etc). Due to poor documentation or poor formatting of some data sets it is also 

possible that we will make mistakes in our processing of the data. To guard against this 

possibility, we plan to perform a high level QA by visually inspecting time-series plots and 

scatter plots of the ambient data as follows: 

Plots of Time Series 

Time series plots are generated for PAMS species. The plots should be inspected for the 

following: 

• Large "jumps" or "dips" in the concentrations 

• Periodicity of peaks, calibration carryover 

• Unexpected diurnal behavior (i.e., isoprene) 

• Unexpected relationships among species 

• High single-hour concentrations of less abundant species 

Scatter Plots 

Scatter plots may be prepared for the following: 

• Total NMOC vs. species group totals, vs. individual species 

• Benzene vs. Toluene, Acetylene, Ethane 

• Scatter plots comparing data for a single species measured with different sampling 

methods 

• Plots of reconstructed mass versus measured mass (to reveals if anything unusual is 

happening with the chemical measurements) 

• Plots of molal particulate ammonium versus the molal sum of sulfate and particulate 

nitrate (as a sanity check on the ion balance in the PM chemical measurements)

If we identify data that appears flawed it will be flagged and either corrected if the error is in 

the processing step, or removed from the data set. 
Appendix A 

Locations of Speciated PM and IMPROVE Monitors 
Trends (54)

Supplemental (~215 sites currently known)

Supersites

Daily Sites 

IMPROVE

IMPROVE Protocol Castnet conversion Deploy in 2002 Deploy in 2003

Current/Planned

 Urban & Rural PM2.5Speciation Networks 

SS SS

SS

01/02

SS

SS

SS

SS

SS
IMPROVE or IMPROVE Protocol sites

IMPROVE Protocol Sites t/b deployed 2002 2003

From Discussions with RPOs and Tribal Agencies

Castnet sites converted to IMPROVE

Supplemental Speciation Sites

Class I Areas

Tribal Lands

Current/Planned IMPROVE, IMPROVE Protocol & 

Rural Supplemental PM2.5 Speciation Sites 

2/02
13

Appendix C.3 

Air Quality System (AQS) Data 

 for Kentucky 2000-2007 
UNITES STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

QUICKLOOK CRITERIA PARAMETERS

Report Request ID: 511663 Report Code: AMP450 Mar. 5, 2008

Selection Criteria Page 1

User ID: NOQ

State County Site Parameter POC City AQCR UAR MSA CMSA

EPA

Region Method Duration Begin Date End Date

21 1

GEOGRAPHIC SELECTIONS

PROTOCOL SELECTIONS

Parameter

Classification Parameter Method Duration

CRITERIA 88101

SELECTED OPTIONS

EVENTS PROCESSING

MERGE PDF FILES

Option Type Option Value

EXCLUDE REGIONALLY CONCURRED EVENTS

YES

SORT ORDER

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Order Column

PARAMETER_CODE

STATE_CODE

COUNTY_CODE

SITE_ID

POC

DATES

EDT_ID

GLOBAL DATES

2000

Start Date End Date

2007

Tribal
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 1 of 22

EXCEPTIONAL DATA TYPES

EDT DESCRIPTION

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

NO EVENTS

EVENTS EXCLUDED

EVENTS INCLUDED

EXCEPTIONAL EVENTS EXCLUDED

NATURAL EVENTS EXCLUDED

EVENTS WITH CONCURRENCE EXCLUDED

EXCEPTIONAL EVENTS WITH CONCURRENCE EXCLUDED

NATURAL EVENTS WITH CONCURRENCE EXCLUDED
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 2 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-013-0002

21-013-0002

21-013-0002

21-013-0002

21-013-0002

21-013-0002

21-013-0002

21-013-0002

21-019-0017

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Middlesboroug

h (corporate

name for

Middlesboro)

Ashland

Bell

Bell

Bell

Bell

Bell

Bell

Bell

Bell

Boyd

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

MIDDLESBORO

AIRPORT, 34TH

& DORCHESTER

2924 HOLT ST,

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

44.3

36.8

34.5

42.2

32.0

34.4

30.2

90.9

37.2

Y

Y

Y

Y

0

5

0

0

0

5

5

5

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

41.5

30.2

25.9

32.7

29.5

31.0

25.7

40.7

34.0

53

54

57

58

58

55

61

60

112

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

41.5

30.2

25.9

32.7

29.5

31.0

25.7

40.7

34.1

40.2

28.2

24.5

22.3

25.9

27.2

24.5

29.5

34.0

39.8

26.6

24.1

21.4

23.0

26.6

24.1

28.2

32.6

18.23*

15.08 

14.29 

14.21 

13.40 

14.95*

13.75 

16.52 

15.66 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 3 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-019-0017

21-019-0017

21-019-0017

21-019-0017

21-019-0017

21-019-0017

21-019-0017

21-029-0006

21-029-0006

21-029-0006

21-029-0006

21-029-0006

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Ashland

Ashland

Ashland

Ashland

Ashland

Ashland

Ashland

Shepherdsvill

e

Shepherdsvill

e

Shepherdsvill

e

Shepherdsvill

e

Shepherdsvill

Boyd

Boyd

Boyd

Boyd

Boyd

Boyd

Boyd

Bullitt

Bullitt

Bullitt

Bullitt

Bullitt

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2924 HOLT ST,

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2924 HOLT ST,

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2924 HOLT ST,

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2924 HOLT ST,

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2924 HOLT ST,

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2924 HOLT ST,

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2924 HOLT ST,

FIVCO HEALTH

DEPT

2ND &

CARPENTER STS

2ND &

CARPENTER STS

2ND &

CARPENTER STS

2ND &

CARPENTER STS

2ND &

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

54.4

46.8

37.7

30.7

39.0

48.6

40.4

39.2

41.6

53.2

40.7

33.8

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

0

0

0

5

0

5

5

5

0

0

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

37.7

39.4

33.8

30.3

36.1

28.6

38.5

35.2

32.8

34.1

34.8

28.9

115

116

110

120

119

115

117

106

114

116

115

116

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

38.5

44.2

37.4

30.4

38.1

28.9

39.0

35.8

38.3

45.0

38.9

31.9

37.7

39.4

33.8

30.3

36.1

28.6

38.5

35.2

32.8

34.1

34.8

28.9

37.0

39.2

30.7

26.7

35.5

28.0

35.2

35.0

31.5

32.8

31.2

28.8

15.27 

15.54 

13.93 

13.29 

16.01 

13.76 

14.34 

16.43 

15.55 

14.69 

14.37 

13.62 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 4 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-029-0006

21-029-0006

21-029-0006

21-037-0003

21-037-0003

21-037-0003

21-037-0003

21-037-0003

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

e

Shepherdsvill

e

Shepherdsvill

e

Shepherdsvill

e

Fort Thomas

Fort Thomas

Fort Thomas

Fort Thomas

Fort Thomas

Bullitt

Bullitt

Bullitt

Campbell

Campbell

Campbell

Campbell

Campbell

CARPENTER STS

2ND &

CARPENTER STS

2ND &

CARPENTER STS

2ND &

CARPENTER STS

700

ALEXANDRIA

PK, WATER

PLT, FT

THOMAS

700

ALEXANDRIA

PK, WATER

PLT, FT

THOMAS

700

ALEXANDRIA

PK, WATER

PLT, FT

THOMAS

700

ALEXANDRIA

PK, WATER

PLT, FT

THOMAS

700

ALEXANDRIA

PK, WATER

PLT, FT

THOMAS

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

42.4

39.0

46.8

34.4

35.8

42.5

32.6

37.2

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

5

5

5

5

0

0

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

39.0

33.5

36.2

33.0

35.3

42.3

28.1

27.5

114

117

117

118

99

99

112

119

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

41.2

34.3

37.7

34.0

35.3

42.3

29.7

30.7

39.0

33.5

36.2

33.0

31.3

38.9

28.1

27.5

35.1

30.9

35.1

31.1

30.5

37.7

27.8

26.9

16.32*

14.14 

15.40 

15.09 

13.44*

14.81*

13.42 

12.77 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 5 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-037-0003

21-037-0003

21-037-3002

21-043-0500

21-043-0500

21-043-0500

21-043-0500

21-043-0500

21-043-0500

21-043-0500

21-043-0500

21-047-0006

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Fort Thomas

Fort Thomas

Highland

Heights

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Campbell

Campbell

Campbell

Carter

Carter

Carter

Carter

Carter

Carter

Carter

Carter

Christian

700

ALEXANDRIA

PK, WATER

PLT, FT

THOMAS

700

ALEXANDRIA

PK, WATER

PLT, FT

THOMAS

524A John

Hill Road

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

CAMP WEBB

GRAYSON LAKE

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

48.5

25.2

34.0

29.5

47.3

39.3

31.3

28.6

39.8

43.2

36.7

40.4

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

0

5

5

5

0

0

0

5

0

5

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

38.0

25.2

34.0

28.8

28.9

29.8

26.7

24.5

37.2

25.5

30.9

38.3

117

18

49

107

116

115

111

122

117

112

116

104

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

39.0

19.8

33.5

28.9

30.5

37.0

29.7

24.6

39.6

26.3

31.8

39.7

38.0

17.0

26.3

28.8

28.9

29.8

26.7

24.5

37.2

25.5

30.9

38.3

36.0

16.8

26.0

27.8

28.8

27.9

26.3

24.1

36.4

24.9

30.8

34.7

14.84 

11.54*

14.56*

13.75*

12.36 

12.44 

11.41 

11.08 

13.55 

11.49*

12.81 

15.45*

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 6 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-047-0006

21-047-0006

21-047-0006

21-047-0006

21-047-0006

21-047-0006

21-047-0006

21-059-0005

21-059-0005

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Owensboro

Owensboro

Christian

Christian

Christian

Christian

Christian

Christian

Christian

Daviess

Daviess

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

10800 PILOT

ROCK ROAD,

WILLIAMSON

RES.

WYNDALL SHPG

CTR US 60 &

PLSNT VALLEY

RD

WYNDALL SHPG

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2005

2006

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

33.4

35.0

39.0

32.7

44.9

36.8

43.6

38.9

42.7

Y

Y

Y

Y

0

0

0

0

5

0

5

5

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

27.2

29.3

36.8

26.2

35.0

30.3

35.5

36.7

30.0

111

107

103

106

119

115

116

110

114

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

27.6

32.0

38.3

28.5

41.0

30.9

39.5

38.6

38.2

27.2

29.3

36.8

26.2

35.0

30.3

35.5

36.7

30.0

26.5

25.8

34.5

25.1

34.2

27.1

35.5

36.6

28.8

13.51 

13.09*

13.86*

11.83*

14.04 

12.63 

13.99 

15.09 

13.05 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 7 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-059-0005

21-059-0014

21-059-0014

21-059-0014

21-059-0014

21-059-0014

21-061-0501

21-061-0501

21-061-0501

21-067-0012

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Owensboro

Owensboro

Owensboro

Owensboro

Owensboro

Owensboro

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

LexingtonFayette

Daviess

Daviess

Daviess

Daviess

Daviess

Daviess

Edmonson

Edmonson

Edmonson

Fayette

CTR US 60 &

PLSNT VALLEY

RD

WYNDALL SHPG

CTR US 60 &

PLSNT VALLEY

RD

KY WESLEYAN

COLLEGE, 3000

FREDERICA ST

KY WESLEYAN

COLLEGE, 3000

FREDERICA ST

KY WESLEYAN

COLLEGE, 3000

FREDERICA ST

KY WESLEYAN

COLLEGE, 3000

FREDERICA ST

KY WESLEYAN

COLLEGE, 3000

FREDERICA ST

MAMMOTH CAVE

NP - ALFRED

COOK ROAD

MAMMOTH CAVE

NP - ALFRED

COOK ROAD

MAMMOTH CAVE

NP - ALFRED

COOK ROAD

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2004

2005

2006

2000

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

40.8

40.7

44.2

49.3

45.5

32.6

33.2

34.4

17.1

38.6

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

5

5

0

5

0

0

0

5

0

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

34.9

39.5

31.5

29.5

36.5

27.0

24.2

33.6

17.1

36.8

110

79

113

111

98

116

117

119

15

112

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

38.5

39.5

41.2

34.6

36.5

27.4

26.8

33.8

13.5

38.5

34.9

39.5

31.5

29.5

34.8

27.0

24.2

33.6

12.5

36.8

34.3

37.2

30.4

28.7

34.4

25.6

23.9

32.8

10.0

31.9

14.17 

17.17*

15.18 

14.64 

14.62*

12.47 

11.58 

13.63 

8.75*

16.22 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 8 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-067-0012

21-067-0012

21-067-0012

21-067-0012

21-067-0012

21-067-0012

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

CO HEALTH

DEPT

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

CO HEALTH

DEPT

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

CO HEALTH

DEPT

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

CO HEALTH

DEPT

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

CO HEALTH

DEPT

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

CO HEALTH

DEPT

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

CO HEALTH

DEPT

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

118

118

118

118

118

118

48.6

56.0

28.9

33.0

44.1

36.6

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

0

0

0

5

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

35.8

41.6

28.3

29.1

35.6

30.4

119

115

109

114

119

119

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

39.1

53.3

28.6

30.3

40.8

34.1

35.8

41.6

28.3

29.1

35.6

30.4

34.3

33.2

28.0

28.6

34.7

29.0

15.71 

15.08 

13.79 

13.45 

15.51 

13.67 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 9 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-067-0012

21-067-0014

21-067-0014

21-067-0014

21-067-0014

21-067-0014

21-067-0014

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

Fayette

650 NEWTOWN

PIKE, FAYETTE

CO HEALTH

DEPT

533 S

LIMESTONE

533 S

LIMESTONE

533 S

LIMESTONE

533 S

LIMESTONE

533 S

LIMESTONE

533 S

LIMESTONE

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

51.7

39.5

49.0

51.9

43.6

32.5

41.0

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

5

5

0

0

0

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

35.1

38.1

32.6

41.0

29.1

29.2

35.4

118

107

112

115

104

121

116

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

41.0

38.4

38.1

49.9

30.0

30.7

38.2

35.1

38.1

32.6

41.0

29.1

29.2

35.4

33.7

33.0

31.5

34.1

28.6

29.0

35.1

14.61 

16.96*

16.20 

15.56 

15.03*

14.32 

16.05 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 10 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-067-0014

21-067-0014

21-073-0006

21-073-0006

21-073-0006

21-073-0006

21-073-0006

21-073-0006

21-073-0006

21-073-0006

21-093-0006

21-093-0006

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

LexingtonFayette

(corporate

name for

Lexington)

Frankfort

Frankfort

Frankfort

Frankfort

Frankfort

Frankfort

Frankfort

Frankfort

Elizabethtown

Elizabethtown

Fayette

Fayette

Franklin

Franklin

Franklin

Franklin

Franklin

Franklin

Franklin

Franklin

Hardin

Hardin

533 S

LIMESTONE

533 S

LIMESTONE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

803 SCHENKEL

LANE

801 N MILES

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

801 N MILES

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

42.8

38.9

37.0

53.1

47.2

36.4

28.9

49.1

37.1

43.9

39.4

37.7

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

5

5

5

0

0

0

5

0

5

5

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

32.2

33.1

34.2

35.6

35.0

30.3

26.9

38.0

28.1

35.3

35.0

30.7

114

109

114

105

111

116

115

118

118

118

86

115

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

36.4

33.6

36.3

50.6

46.2

31.2

27.6

45.7

30.2

37.0

35.0

36.3

32.2

33.1

34.2

35.6

35.0

30.3

26.9

38.0

28.1

35.3

32.9

30.7

30.6

32.0

31.0

30.1

32.9

28.5

26.1

35.5

26.9

30.0

32.6

29.6

13.86 

14.37 

15.13 

13.85 

13.85 

13.07 

12.54 

14.59 

12.43 

13.64 

15.61*

14.61 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 11 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-093-0006

21-093-0006

21-093-0006

21-093-0006

21-093-0006

21-093-0006

21-101-0006

21-101-0006

21-101-0006

21-101-0006

21-101-0014

21-101-0014

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Elizabethtown

Elizabethtown

Elizabethtown

Elizabethtown

Elizabethtown

Elizabethtown

Henderson

Henderson

Henderson

Henderson

Not in a city

Not in a city

Hardin

Hardin

Hardin

Hardin

Hardin

Hardin

Henderson

Henderson

Henderson

Henderson

Henderson

Henderson

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

801 N MILES

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

801 N MILES

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

801 N MILES

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

801 N MILES

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

801 N MILES

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

801 N MILES

ST, AMERICAN

LEGION PARK

BEND GATE SCH

BEND GATE RD.

BEND GATE SCH

BEND GATE RD.

BEND GATE SCH

BEND GATE RD.

BEND GATE SCH

BEND GATE RD.

BASKETT FIRE

DEPARTMENT

BASKETT FIRE

DEPARTMENT

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2003

2004

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

48.8

39.9

30.6

39.6

37.1

48.7

38.5

38.0

49.9

29.0

47.5

27.5

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

0

0

0

5

0

5

5

0

0

0

0

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

32.2

32.4

27.8

35.1

31.8

38.4

38.3

30.0

41.4

29.0

35.8

25.8

115

104

117

118

119

116

100

107

119

29

78

116

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

37.1

34.5

29.7

39.5

33.3

38.6

38.3

36.6

45.8

25.7

35.8

26.1

32.2

32.4

27.8

35.1

31.8

38.4

34.4

30.0

41.4

25.4

32.5

25.8

32.1

26.7

25.3

33.2

29.0

34.9

25.6

28.8

35.8

21.5

31.4

25.0

13.98 

13.39 

12.24 

14.50 

13.23 

14.49 

14.99*

14.21 

14.18 

13.18*

14.02*

12.14 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 12 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-101-0014

21-101-0014

21-101-0014

21-111-0043

21-111-0043

21-111-0043

21-111-0043

21-111-0043

21-111-0043

21-111-0043

21-111-0043

21-111-0044

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

0584

0549

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Henderson

Henderson

Henderson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

BASKETT FIRE

DEPARTMENT

BASKETT FIRE

DEPARTMENT

BASKETT FIRE

DEPARTMENT

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

37TH &

SOUTHERN

AVENUE

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

44.7

39.1

35.5

54.7

48.7

80.2

44.0

43.7

48.8

48.2

47.7

53.1

Y

5

0

5

0

0

0

0

5

5

5

5

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

36.7

28.9

31.4

39.4

35.7

46.5

36.3

31.1

42.9

36.0

34.1

37.8

110

117

115

342

83

319

335

342

340

298

354

333

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

36.9

36.8

34.6

50.6

35.7

54.5

43.2

42.8

47.8

39.3

43.8

44.7

36.7

28.9

31.4

44.5

35.4

50.0

42.6

35.1

45.9

38.0

43.0

43.4

34.0

28.4

30.6

43.7

34.0

49.8

40.9

33.1

44.3

37.4

41.4

43.2

15.36 

13.35 

14.17 

17.31 

17.10*

17.16 

15.96 

14.53 

16.72 

14.96*

15.09 

16.68 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 13 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-111-0044

21-111-0044

21-111-0044

21-111-0044

21-111-0044

21-111-0044

21-111-0044

21-111-0048

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

0584

0549

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

WYANDOTTE

PARK

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

WYANDOTTE

PARK

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

WYANDOTTE

PARK

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

WYANDOTTE

PARK

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

WYANDOTTE

PARK

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

WYANDOTTE

PARK

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

WYANDOTTE

PARK

1032 BEECHER

AVE,

WYANDOTTE

PARK

850 BARRET

AVENUE

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

53.2

100.6

53.5

43.5

48.9

48.9

44.5

38.6

Y

0

0

0

5

5

5

5

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

43.0

45.4

37.9

30.6

40.1

36.3

33.7

37.5

347

330

316

347

333

339

355

108

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

46.5

69.4

44.8

41.0

44.5

38.4

42.8

37.7

46.1

58.8

42.3

34.2

43.2

38.3

41.6

37.5

44.9

57.4

41.5

32.7

43.1

38.2

41.2

36.6

17.73 

17.45 

15.38 

14.05 

16.48 

15.18 

14.91 

16.71*

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 14 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-111-0048

21-111-0048

21-111-0048

21-111-0048

21-111-0048

21-111-0048

21-111-0048

21-111-0051

21-111-0051

21-111-0051

21-111-0051

21-111-0051

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

0584

0549

0549

0549

0549

0549

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

850 BARRET

AVENUE

850 BARRET

AVENUE

850 BARRET

AVENUE

850 BARRET

AVENUE

850 BARRET

AVENUE

850 BARRET

AVENUE

850 BARRET

AVENUE

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

ELEMENTARY

SCH

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

ELEMENTARY

SCH

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

ELEMENTARY

SCH

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

ELEMENTARY

SCH

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

55.9

52.1

43.0

42.7

46.4

40.9

42.9

37.8

37.9

30.5

37.3

29.3

Y

Y

0

0

0

5

5

5

5

0

0

0

0

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

42.6

44.7

35.5

28.8

43.2

36.7

37.2

36.4

37.6

30.5

33.0

25.8

109

103

108

109

115

120

117

55

51

50

57

60

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

43.7

45.8

42.1

30.4

43.6

37.6

40.4

36.4

37.6

29.6

33.0

25.8

42.6

44.7

35.5

28.8

43.2

36.7

37.2

34.9

32.4

28.8

31.1

24.2

40.2

38.0

32.5

28.3

41.6

35.3

31.9

33.3

29.7

28.3

29.8

23.7

16.90*

16.43 

15.53 

13.71*

16.77 

13.99 

15.13 

16.80*

16.27*

15.72*

14.92 

12.63 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 15 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-111-0051

21-111-0051

21-111-0051

21-111-1041

21-117-0007

21-117-0007

21-117-0007

21-117-0007

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0549

0549

0584

0549

0584

0584

0584

0584

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Louisville

Covington

Covington

Covington

Covington

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Jefferson

Kenton

Kenton

Kenton

Kenton

ELEMENTARY

SCH

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

ELEMENTARY

SCH

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

ELEMENTARY

SCH

7201 WATSON

LN, WATSON LN

ELEMENTARY

SCH

4201

ALGONQUIN

PKWY

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

2005

2006

2007

2001

2000

2001

2002

2003

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

39.1

32.8

51.3

60.8

38.9

51.5

39.5

31.9

Y

Y

Y

5

5

5

0

5

5

0

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

36.5

32.5

36.3

43.8

37.2

40.2

37.8

30.8

59

58

60

330

118

112

107

107

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

36.5

32.5

36.3

49.9

38.4

44.6

38.0

31.9

30.0

28.4

32.5

49.9

37.2

40.2

37.8

30.8

29.2

26.2

32.0

47.9

36.9

39.3

37.4

29.6

16.48 

13.67 

15.71 

18.74 

16.26 

15.25 

15.06*

14.30 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 16 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-117-0007

21-117-0007

21-117-0007

21-117-0007

21-125-0004

21-125-0004

21-125-0004

21-125-0004

21-125-0004

21-145-1004

21-145-1004

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Covington

Covington

Covington

Covington

London

London

London

London

London

Paducah

Paducah

Kenton

Kenton

Kenton

Kenton

Laurel

Laurel

Laurel

Laurel

Laurel

McCracken

McCracken

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE

HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

LONDON

AIRPORT

LONDON

AIRPORT

LONDON

AIRPORT

LONDON

AIRPORT

LONDON

AIRPORT

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

2004

2005

2006

2007

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2000

2001

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

38.1

52.7

36.7

40.1

31.6

28.3

28.5

38.4

16.2

37.5

34.1

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

0

5

5

5

0

0

0

5

0

5

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

29.4

42.1

32.6

34.6

31.6

24.5

21.5

29.5

16.2

35.3

28.1

115

118

116

115

47

55

57

55

8

92

106

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

37.4

46.8

32.7

34.7

27.3

24.5

21.5

29.5

11.0

35.3

33.0

29.4

42.1

32.6

34.6

24.5

23.1

20.0

27.5

11.0

34.4

28.1

28.2

40.4

32.2

31.6

23.5

21.8

19.0

27.4

10.1

29.6

27.2

13.42 

15.86 

13.29 

14.29 

13.02*

12.11*

11.47 

14.07 

9.00*

15.26*

14.11 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 17 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-145-1004

21-145-1004

21-145-1004

21-145-1004

21-145-1004

21-145-1004

21-151-0003

21-151-0003

21-151-0003

21-151-0003

21-151-0003

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Paducah

Paducah

Paducah

Paducah

Paducah

Paducah

Richmond

Richmond

Richmond

Richmond

Richmond

McCracken

McCracken

McCracken

McCracken

McCracken

McCracken

Madison

Madison

Madison

Madison

Madison

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

342 LONE OAK

RD, PADUCAH

MIDDLE SCHOOL

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

44.3

43.6

27.7

39.6

39.3

39.4

37.3

50.6

49.8

31.3

33.7

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

0

0

0

5

5

5

5

5

0

0

0

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

30.2

31.0

26.5

37.1

36.7

34.2

29.9

29.9

33.7

28.1

28.4

103

102

117

119

119

115

116

105

109

112

111

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

34.4

36.3

27.0

37.2

38.9

36.8

31.2

30.5

34.6

31.2

28.6

30.2

31.0

26.5

37.1

36.7

34.2

29.9

29.9

33.7

28.1

28.4

28.3

29.3

26.3

36.9

31.4

33.9

28.8

28.6

32.8

26.3

27.0

12.61*

13.75 

11.77 

14.03 

13.61 

14.10 

14.93 

13.85 

13.46 

12.93 

12.98 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 18 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-151-0003

21-151-0003

21-151-0003

21-183-0032

21-183-0032

21-183-0032

21-193-0003

21-193-0003

21-193-0003

21-193-0003

21-193-0003

21-193-0003

21-193-0003

21-193-0003

21-195-0002

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Richmond

Richmond

Richmond

Not in a city

Not in a city

Not in a city

Hazard

Hazard

Hazard

Hazard

Hazard

Hazard

Hazard

Hazard

Pikeville

Madison

Madison

Madison

Ohio

Ohio

Ohio

Perry

Perry

Perry

Perry

Perry

Perry

Perry

Perry

Pike

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

MAYFIELD

SCHOOL, BOND

STREET

KEYTOWN ROAD

KEYTOWN ROAD

KEYTOWN ROAD

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

PERRY COUNTY

HORSE PARK

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

2005

2006

2007

2005

2006

2007

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

42.3

32.4

44.7

34.5

25.0

43.6

34.9

36.5

25.4

37.3

27.9

34.6

29.9

63.0

32.7

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

0

5

5

0

5

5

0

0

0

0

5

5

5

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

32.6

28.2

31.9

34.5

24.2

38.6

34.9

28.0

25.4

28.3

24.7

31.4

26.9

40.2

31.3

115

118

117

48

55

56

36

55

50

57

61

55

58

59

106

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

35.2

28.6

35.6

33.1

24.2

38.6

33.7

28.0

23.2

28.3

24.7

31.4

26.9

40.2

31.5

32.6

28.2

31.9

29.2

22.6

26.1

33.6

28.0

22.0

22.5

21.0

26.4

22.7

38.0

31.3

31.7

26.9

31.8

28.0

22.5

23.6

33.4

26.6

21.2

22.5

19.7

25.8

21.8

31.2

30.9

15.21 

12.31 

13.37 

14.85*

12.67 

14.40 

17.95*

14.33 

13.03*

13.30 

11.94 

13.87 

12.36 

15.42 

14.78 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 19 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-195-0002

21-195-0002

21-195-0002

21-195-0002

21-195-0002

21-195-0002

21-195-0002

21-227-0007

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Pikeville

Pikeville

Pikeville

Pikeville

Pikeville

Pikeville

Pikeville

Bowling Green

Pike

Pike

Pike

Pike

Pike

Pike

Pike

Warren

OFFIC

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

OFFIC

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

OFFIC

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

OFFIC

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

OFFIC

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

OFFIC

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

OFFIC

101 NORTH

MAYO TRAIL,

DOT DISTRICT

OFFIC

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2000

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

44.5

41.7

62.2

36.5

43.7

32.2

54.1

41.8

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

5

0

0

0

5

0

5

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

31.9

29.7

30.5

28.2

32.0

29.4

38.1

32.6

108

119

114

120

120

120

120

116

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

34.1

38.2

43.0

29.7

34.1

30.9

39.6

33.8

31.9

29.7

30.5

28.2

32.0

29.4

38.1

32.6

30.5

29.0

29.5

25.4

30.0

28.3

33.0

32.3

14.49 

13.58 

13.13 

12.34 

14.14 

13.44 

14.47 

15.24 

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 20 of 22

PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID

P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS

4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-227-0007

21-227-0007

21-227-0007

21-227-0007

21-227-0007

21-227-0007

21-227-0007

21-227-0008

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

Bowling Green

Bowling Green

Bowling Green

Bowling Green

Bowling Green

Bowling Green

Bowling Green

Oakland

Warren

Warren

Warren

Warren

Warren

Warren

Warren

Warren

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

KEREIAKES

PARK,

FAIRVIEW &

COLLETT LN

OAKLAND

ELEMENTARY

SCH, KY 179,

OAKLAND

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2007

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

37.0

32.0

36.2

34.7

38.9

37.3

44.2

37.5

Y

Y

Y

Y

0

0

0

0

5

0

5

5

24-HOUR 

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

31.5

29.1

30.2

31.5

32.5

34.8

38.0

37.5

118

119

107

115

117

117

80

38

1ST

MAX

2ND

MAX

3RD

MAX

33.5

31.0

32.7

32.8

35.1

35.0

38.0

22.4

31.5

29.1

30.2

31.5

32.5

34.8

37.7

20.9

30.1

26.7

29.1

29.2

31.5

30.6

37.5

19.5

14.77 

13.27 

13.31 

13.14 

14.82 

13.83 

17.23*

13.33*

WTD

ARITH

MEAN
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 21 of 22

88101 118 R & P MODEL 2025 PM2.5 SEQUENTIAL w/WINS GRAVIMETRIC

PARAMETER

METHOD

CODE COLLECTION METHOD ANALYSIS METHOD

METHODS USED IN THIS REPORT
Mar. 5, 2008

Note: The * indicates that the mean does

not satisfy summary criteria.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

AIR QUALITY SYSTEM

QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 22 of 22

PQAOS USED IN THIS REPORT

PQAO AGENCY DESCRIPTION

0549

0584

Jefferson County, KY Air Pollution Control District

Kentucky Division For Air Quality