### APPENDIX L. DETERMINATION OF FURNACE AND BOILER ENERGY USE IN THE LCC ANALYSIS TABLE OF CONTENTS L.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................... L-2 L.2 CALCULATIONS ..................................................... L-2 L.2.1 Determination of Average Annual Fuel Energy Consumption (EF) ......... L-2 L.2.2 Determination of Average Annual Electrical Energy Consumption (EAE) .... L-3 L.2.3 Determination of National Average Number of Burner Operating Hours 

### (BOHss) ....................................................... L-5 L.3 SUMMARY TABLES .................................................. L-8 LIST OF TABLES Table L.3.1 Energy Use Parameters for Non-Weartherized Gas Furnaces ............. L-8 Table L.3.2 Energy Use Parameters for Weartherized Gas Furnaces .................. L-8 Table L.3.3 Energy Use Parameters for Mobile Home Gas Furnaces ................. L-8 Table L.3.4 Energy Use Parameters for Oil-Fired Furnaces ......................... L-9 Table L.3.5 Energy Use Parameters for Hot-Water Gas Boilers ..................... L-9 Table L.3.6 Energy Use Parameters for Hot-Water Oil Boilers ..................... L-10 

### APPENDIXL. DETERMINATION OF FURNACE AND BOILERENERGYUSE IN THE LCC ANALYSIS TABLE OF CONTENTS L.l INTRODUCTION
.................................................... L-2 L.2 CALCULATIONS
..................................................... L-2 L.2.1 Determination of Average Annual Fuel Energy Consumption (EF) ••••••••• 

### L-2 L.2.2 Determination ofAverage Annual Electrical Energy Consumption (EAE) •..• 

### L-3 L.2.3 Determination of National Average Number ofBurner Operating Hours (BOHss)
....................................................... L-5 L.3 SUMMARY TABLES
.................................................. L-8

Table L.3.1 Table L.3.2 Table L.3.3 Table L.3.4 Table L.3.5 Table L.3.6 LIST OF TABLES Energy Use Parameters for Non-Weartherized Gas Furnaces
............. L-8 Energy Use Parameters for Weartherized Gas Furnaces
.................. L-8 Energy Use Parameters for Mobile Horne Gas Furnaces
................. L-8 Energy Use Parameters for Oil-Fired Furnaces
......................... L-9 Energy Use Parameters for Hot-Water Gas Boilers
..................... L-9 Energy Use Parameters for Hot-Water Oil Boilers
..................... L-IO

L-i

### APPENDIX L. DETERMINATION OF FURNACE AND BOILER ENERGY USE IN THE LCC ANALYSIS
L.1 INTRODUCTION The energy consumption in the LCC analysis is determined using the proposed BSR/ASHRAE SPC 103R "Method of Testing for Annual Fuel Efficiency of Residential Central Furnaces and Boilers".' Department of Energy used this test procedure instead of the current DOE test procedure, because of the anomaly with the DHR parameter as described in Appendix D section D.2.3. This approach requires the calculation of the average annual fuel energy consumption (EF), the average annual electrical energy consumption ( EAE), and the national average number of burner operating hours (BOH) of furnaces and boilers. The following calculations and summary tables describe the determination of EF , EAE, and BOHfor gas

- and oil-fired furnaces and boilers.
L.2 CALCULATIONS L.2.1 Determination of Average Annual Fuel Energy Consumption (EF) 

### The average annual fuel consumption is calculated in Appendix C section 2 of the BSR/ASHRAE 103/1993R test procedure:' EF = BOHss * (QIN - Qp) + 8,760 * Q, , for single

-stage furnaces and boilers, Eq. 1 EF = (BOHH * QIN) + (BOHR * QINR) + [8,760 - (BOHH + BOHR)] * Qp, for two-stage furnaces and boilers, and Eq. 2 EF = (BOHM * QINM) + (BOHR * QINR)+ [8,760 - (BOHM + BOHR )] * Qp, for continuous modulatinga furnaces and boilers Eq. 3 

### where, BOHss = national average number of burner operating hours (see derivation in section

L.2.3), BOHH = national average number of burner operating hours at the maximum operating

mode for two

-stage furnaces and boilers (see derivation in section L.2.3), 

### BOHR = national average number of burner operating hours at the reduced operating mode

a In this Technical Support Documentation , "continuous modulating" term is used instead of"step-modulating". Both terns are interchangeable used in the literature.
L-2 

### APPENDIX L. DETERMINATION OF FURNACE AND BOILERENERGY USE IN THE LCC ANALYSIS
L.l INTRODUCTION The energy consumption in the LCC analysis is determined using the proposed BSRlASHRAE SPC 103R "Method ofTesting for Annual Fuel Efficiency ofResidential Central Furnaces and Boilers". I 

### Department ofEnergy used this testprocedure instead ofthe current DOE test procedure, because ofthe anomaly with the DHRparameter as described inAppendix D section D.2.3. This approach requires the calculation ofthe average annual fuel energy consumption (EF)' 

### the average annual electrical energy consumption (EAE)' 

### and the national average number ofburner operating hours (BOH) 

### offurnaces and boilers. The following calculations and summary tables describe the determination ofEF, EAE , 

### and BOH

### for gas- and oil-fired furnaces andboilers.


### L.2 CALCULATIONS L.2.1 Determination of Average Annual Fuel Energy Consumption (EF) 

### The average annual fuel consumption is calculated inAppendix C section 2 ofthe BSRlASHRAE 10311993R test procedure: I EF

### = BOH ss 

## * (QfN
- Qp) 

### + 8,760 

## * Qp, 

### for single-stage furnaces and boilers, 

### Eq.l E

F 

### = (BOH H 

## * QfN) 

### + (BOHR 

## * QfN,R) 

### + [8,760

- (BOH H + BOH R



### )]* Qp, 

### for two-stage furnaces and boilers, and 

### Eq.2 E

F 

### =(BOH M

### * QIN,M) 

### + (BOHR 

## * QfN,R)+ 

### [8,760

- (BOH M

+ BOH R



### )]* Qp, 

### for continuous modulatinga 

### furnaces and boilers 

### Eq.3 where, BOH ss = 

### national average number ofburner operating hours (see derivation in section L.2.3), national average number ofburner operating hours at the maximum operating mode for two-stage furnaces and boilers (see derivation in section L.2.3), national average number ofburner operating hours at the reduced operating mode

a In this Technical Support Documentation, "continuous modulating" tennis used instead of"step-modulating". Both tenns are interchangeable used in the literature. L-2for two-stage or continuous modulating furnaces and boilers (see derivation in section L.2.3), BOHM = national average number of burner operating hours at the modulating operating

mode for continuous modulating furnaces and boilers (see derivation in section L.2.3), 

### Q!N = steady-state nameplate input rate in Btu/h for single-stage furnaces and boilers or

steady-state nameplate maximum input rate in Btu/h for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces and boilers, QIN,R 

### = steady-state reduced fuel input rate, QIN,M = steady-state modulating fuel input rate, and QP = pilot flame fuel input rate in Btu/h. QI,,, is based on the baseline value for each product class. We set QR,,,R to be 69% of QI,,, for non-condensing two-stage equipment, 67% for condensing two-stage equipment, and 40% for continuous modulation equipment, where this value represents the average ratio QIN/QIN;R as derived using manufacturer product literature and Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA) March 2005 Directory data for all listed two-stage furnace models.2 

### From Appendix C Section I,' QIN,M is calculated using QOUT,M and Effyss,M (as defined in section 11.4.8.10 or 11

.5.8.8).' Q,, is zero for all product classes, except for the baseline manufactured

-home gas furnace and gas boiler. L.2.2 Determination of Average Annual Electrical Energy Consumption (EAE) Using the BSRIASHRAE SPC 103/1993R test procedure,' the average annual auxiliary electrical energy consumption is calculated in Appendix C section 3: 

### EAE = BOHss (yp * PE + YIG *PEIG + y * BE), for single-stage furnaces and boilers,Eq. 4 and EAE = BOHR (YP.R *PER + YJG.R *PEJGR + YR *BER) + BOHH M (YP *PEH + YzG *PEEGH + 

### y*Bf )a, for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces and boilers, Eq. 5 where BOHss = as defined in section L.2.3, BOHH = as defined in section L.2.3, BOHM,I = as defined in section L.2.3, BOHR = as defined in section L.2.3,

° The BSR/ASHRAE test procedure does not deal with ignitor energy consumption. The ratio of ignitor on-time to burner on-time and the ignitor power consumption variables come from the DOE test procedure.3
L-3 

### for two-stage or continuous modulating furnaces and boilers (see derivation in section L.2.3), national average number ofburner operatinghours at the modulating operating mode for continuous modulating furnaces and boilers (see derivation in section L.2.3), steady-state nameplate inputrate inBtu/h for single-stage furnaces and boilers or steady-state nameplate maximum input rate in Btu/h for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces andboilers, steady-state reduced fuel input rate, steady-state modulating fuel input rate, and pilot flame fuel input rate in Btu/h. QIN is based on the baseline value for each product class. We set QINRto be 69% ofQIN for non-condensing two-stage equipment, 67% for condensing two-stage equipment, and 40% for continuous modulation equipment, where this value represents the average ratio QIN/QIN,R as derived using manufacturer product literature and Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA) March 2005 Directory data for all listed two-stage furnace models. 2 

### FromAppendix C Section 1,1 QIN,M is calculated using QOUT,M and Effyss,M (as defined in section 11.4.8.10 or 11.5.8.8).1 Qp is zero for all product classes, except for the baseline manufactured-home gas furnace and gas boiler. 

### L.2.2 Determination ofAverage AnnualElectricalEnergy Consumption (EAE) 

### Using the BSRJASHRAE SPC 10311993R test procedure,I the average annual auxiliary electrical energy consumption is calculated in Appendix C section 3:

and

where 

### BOHss BOH H BOH M BOHR EAE 

### =BOH ss (Yp 

## *PE 

### +Y/G *PE/G 

### +Y 

## *BE), for single-stage furnaces and boilers,Eq. 4



### EAE = 

### BOHR (YP,R *PE R

### +Y/G,R *PE/G,R 

### +YR *BE,J 

### +BOH HarM (yp*PE H

### +Y/G *PE/G,H 

### + y*BEJa, for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces and boilers, Eq.5

as defined in section L.2.3, as defined in section L.2.3, as defined in section L.2.3, as defined in section L.2.3,

a The BSRJASHRAE test procedure does not deal with ignitor energy consumption, The ratio ofignitor on-time to burner on-time and the ignitorpower consumption variables come from the DOE test procedure. 3 L-3

### yP = ratio of induced or forced draft blower on-time to average burner on-time,

YP,R = ratio of induced or forced draft blower on-time to average burner on-time,

measured at the reduced fuel input rate, PE = burner (or draft inducer) electrical power input at full-load steady

-state operation

in kW, PER = burner (or draft inducer) electrical power input at full-load steady-state operation

in kW, measured at the reduced fuel input rate, PEH = burner (or draft inducer) electrical power input at full-load steady-state operation

in kW, measured at the maximum fuel input rate, YIG = ratio of burner interrupted-ignition device on-time to average burner on-time, YIG,R = ratio of burner interrupted-ignition device on-time to average burner on-time,

measured at the reduced fuel input rate, 

### PEIG = electrical input rate to the interrupted ignition device on the burner, PEIG R = electrical input rate to the interrupted ignition device on the burner, measured at

the reduced fuel input rate, PEIG,H = electrical input rate to the interrupted ignition device on the burner, measured at

the maximum fuel input rate, y = ratio of blower or pump on-time to burner on-time, YR = ratio of blower or pump on-time to burner on-time, measured at the reduced fuel

input rate, BE = circulating

-air fan or water pump electrical energy input rate in kW, 

### BER = circulating

-air fan or water pump electrical energy input rate in kW, measured at

the reduced fuel input rate, and BEH = circulating-air fan or water pump electrical energy input rate in kW , measured at

the maximum fuel input rate. The values yp and y,,R are calculated using t, (post-purge time). For this calculation, DOE took tp to be 5 seconds for furnaces, which is less than or 30 seconds and is therefore set equal to 0 seconds, according to Appendix C section 1 of the BSR/ASHRAE SPC 103/1993R test procedure .' For gas furnaces, t, is equal to 3 minutes

. For boilers, DOE calculated the values YIG and YIG,R using tIG (burner interrupted

-ignition device on

-time). For gas furnaces and boilers, tIG = 0.62 min.' For oil boilers , tIG is equal to 26 minutes for oil equipment without interrupted ignition and 45 seconds with oil equipment with interrupted ignitions DOE calculated the values y and YP,R using t+ (blower or pump on-delay) and r (blower or pump off-delay). For furnaces, t+ = 2 min and t- = 0.5 min, and for gas and oil boilers, t+ = 15 minutes and t- = 0, which are values obtained for the generic furnace models (see Chapter 7 Section 7.2.6). For gas furnaces, PE is equal to 75 W for non-condensing furnaces and 90 W for condensing furnaces (see Chapter 7 Section 7

.2.6). For oil furnaces and boilers , PE is set to 220 W. 6 For gas boilers, PE is equal to 76 W using typical values from the March 2005 GAMA Directory.2 For design options which include modulating controls, we set PER and PEH to have the same values as PE, since it is assumed that there is no inducer modulation. For gas furnaces and boilers, PEIG , PEIG,R, and PEIG,H are set equal to 400 W.7 For oil furnaces and boilers, PEIG is equal to 45 watts for oil equipment without interrupted ignition and 25 watts with oil equipment with interrupted ignition.' For design options which include modulating controls, we set PEJG ,R and PEIG,H to have

L-4 

### PE

YIG YIG,R

Y 

### YR ratio ofinduced or forced draft blower on-time to average burner on-time, ratio ofinduced or forced draft blower on-time to average burner on-time, measured at the reduced fuel input rate, burner (or draft inducer) electrical power input at full-load steady-state operation inkW, burner (or draft inducer) electrical powerinput at full-load steady-state operation in kW, measured at the reduced fuel inputrate, burner (or draft inducer) electrical power input at full-load steady-state operation in kW, measured at the maximum fuel input rate, ratio ofburnerinterrupted-ignition device on-time to average burner on-time, ratio ofburner interrupted-ignition device on-time to average burner on-time, measured atthe reduced fuel input rate, electrical inputrate to the interrupted ignition device onthe burner, electrical input rate to the interrupted ignition device onthe burner, measured at the reduced fuel input rate, electrical inputrate to the interrupted ignition device on the burner, measured at the maximum fuel inputrate, ratio ofblower orpump on-time to burner on-time, ratio ofblower orpump on-time to burner on-time, measured at the reduced fuel inputrate, circulating-air fan or water pump electrical energy inputrate in kW, circulating-air fan or water pump electrical energy input rate inkW, measured at the reduced fuel input rate, and circulating-air fan or waterpump electrical energy inputrate inkW, measured at the maximum fuel inputrate. The values yp and YP,R are calculated using tp (post-purge time). Forthis calculation, DOE took tp to be 5 seconds for furnaces, which is less than or 30 

### seconds and is therefore set equal to 

# oseconds, according to Appendix C section 1 ofthe BSRlASHRAE SPC 10311993R 

### test procedure. l 

### For gas furnaces, tp is equal to 3 minutes. Forboilers, DOE calculated the values YIG and YrOR using tro (burner interrupted-ignition device on-time). For gas furnaces and boilers, tro = 0.62 min. 4 

### For oil boilers, tro is equal to 26 minutes for oil equipment without interrupted ignition and 45 seconds with oil equipment with interrupted ignition.5 

### DOE calculatedthe values Yand YPR using

## t (blower orpump on-delay) and

## r (blower orpump off-delay). For furnaces, 

## t = 2 min'and 

### r = 0.5 min, and for gas and oil boilers, t+ = 15 minutes and 

### r = 0, which are values obtained for the generic furnace models (see Chapter 7 Section 7.2.6). For gas furnaces, PE is equal to 75 W for non-condensing furnaces and 90 W for condensing furnaces (see Chapter 7 Section 7.2.6). For oil furnaces and boilers, PE is set to 220 W. 6 

### For gas boilers, PE is equal to 76 W using typical values from the March 2005 GAMA Directory.2 For design options which include modulating controls, we set PER and PEH to have the same values as PE, since it is assumed that there is no inducer modulation. For gas furnaces and boilers, PEro, PEroR, and PEro,H are set equal to 400 W.7 For oil furnaces and boilers, PEIG is equal to 45 watts for oil equipment without interrupted ignition and 25 watts with oil equipment with interrupted ignition.s For design options which include modulating controls, we set PEro,R and PEIG,H to have
L-4the same values as PEIG, since it is assumed that there is no ignition modulation

. For furnaces, BE

and BER values are calculated using equations in Appendix J for the different design options. For boilers, BEH and BE are set equal to 70 W, while BER is set 80% of BEH (56 W).9

L.2.3 Determination of National Average Number of Burner Operating Hours (BOHss) From the BSR/ASHRAE SPC103R test procedure,' the national average number of burner 

### operating hours for furnaces and boilers is calculated in Appendix C section 1: BOHSS = 2080 * 0.77 * A * (QouT / (1 + a)) - 2080 * B, for single-stage furnaces and boilers, Eq. 6 BOHH = XH * (2080) * (0.77) * AH * (QouT / (1 + a)) - 2080 * BH, for two-stage furnaces and boilers at the maximum operating mode, Eq. 7 

### BOHR =XR * (2080) * (0.77) * AR * (QouT I (1 + a)) - 2080 * BR, for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces and boilers operating at the reduced operating mode, Eq. 8 and

where BOHM=XH * (2080) * (0.77) * AM * (QouT/ ( 1 + a)) - 2080 * BM, for continuous modulating furnaces and boilers operating at the modulating operating mode, Eq. 9

2080 = national average heating load hours, 0.77 = adjustment factor to adjust the calculated design heating requirements and heating load

hours to the actual heating load experienced by the heating system, A = 100,000/ [341300(yp * PE +YIG,R *PEIGR + Y * BE) + (QrN - Qp) * EffyHS]a, AH = 100,000/ [341300(yp * PEH + Y,c,R *PEIG R +y * BEH) + (QI, - Qp) * E ffyu,H]a, AR = 100,000/ [341300(YP,R * PER +YIG,R *PEIGR 

### + YR * BER) + (QrN,R 

### - Qp) * Effyu,R]a, AM = 100,000/ [341300(yp * PEH +YIG,R *PEIGR 

### +Y * BEH) + (QIN,M 

### - Qp) 

### * EffyU,M]a, B = BH = BR = BM = 2 * (Q p) * (EffyHs) * (A) / 100,000,

2 * (Qp) * (EffyU,H) * (AH) / 100,000, 2 * (Qp) * (EffYU,R) * (AR) / 100,000, 2 * (Qp) * (EffyU,M) * (AM) / 100,000, QOUT = maximum fuel input rate heating capacity, a = oversize factor,

a The BSR/ASHRAE test procedure does not deal with ignitor energy consumption. The ratio of ignitor on-time to burner on-time and the ignitor power consumption variables come from the DOE test procedure?
L-5 the same values as PE1G, since it is assumed that there is no ignition modulation. For furnaces, BE and BER values are calculated using equations in Appendix J for the different design options. For boilers, BEH and BE are set equal to 70 

### W, while BER is set 80% ofBEH (56 

### W).9


### L.2.3 Determination of National Average Number ofBurner Operating Hours (BOHss) Fromthe BSRlASHRAE SPC103Rtestprocedure,1 the national average number ofburner operating hours for furnaces andboilers is calculated in Appendix C section 1:

and

where 

### BOH ss = 2080 

## * 0.77 

## *A 

## *(QOUT 1(1 

### +

# a» -2080 

## *B, for single-stage furnaces and boilers, Eq. 6 

### BOH H

= XH

## * (2080) 

## * (0.77) 

## *AH

## * (QouTI (1 

### +

# a» -2080 

## *BH , for two-stage furnaces andboilers atthe maximum operating mode, Eq.7 

### BOHR =

### XR

## * (2080) 

## * (0.77) 

## *AR 

## *(QOUT 1(1 

### +

# a» -2080 

## *BR' for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces andboilers operating at the reduced operating mode, Eq.8



### BOHM=X H

## * (2080) 

## * (0.77) 

## *AM

## * (QouTI (1 

### +

# a» -2080 

## *BM , for continuous modulating furnaces andboilers operating atthe modulating operating mode, Eq.9

2080 national average heating load hours, 0.77 adjustment factor to adjust the calculated design heating requirements and heating load hours to the actual heating load experiencedbythe heating system, 

### A 100,0001 [341300(yp 

## * PE 

### +Y/G,R *PE/G,R 

### + Y

## *BE) 

### + (QIN

- Qp) 

## *EffyHs]a, 

### AH 100,0001 [341300(yp 

## *PEH

### +YIG,R *PE/G,R 

### + Y

## * BEH ) 

### + (QIN

- Qp) 

## *Effyu,H)", 

### AR 100,0001 [341300(Yp,R 

## *PER 

### +Y/G,R *PE/G,R 

### +YR 

## *BEJ 

### + (QIN,R

- Qp) 

## *Effyu,R]a, 

### AM 100,0001 [341300(yp 

## * PEH

### +Y/G,R *PE/G,R 

### +Y

## * BEH ) 

### + (QIN,M

- Qp) 

## *Effyu,M]", B 2 

## * (Qp) 

## * (EffyHs) 

## * (A) 1100,000, 

### BH 2 

## * (Qp) 

## * (Effyu,H) 

## * (AH) I 100,000, 

### BR 2 

## * (Qp) 

## * (Effyu,R) 

## * (AR) 1100,000, 

### BM 2 

## * (Qp) 

## * (EffyuM) 

## * (AM) 1100,000, 

### QOUT maximum fuel inputrate heating capacity, 

### a oversize factor,

a The BSRJ ASHRAE test procedure does not deal with ignitor energy consumption. The ratio ofignitor on-time to burner on-time and the ignitor power consumption variables come from the DOE test procedure. 3 L-5

### Xt, = fraction of heating load at maximum fuel input rate operating mode,

XR = fraction of heating load at reduced fuel input rate operating mode (l-XH), QIN = as defined in section L.2.1 of this appendix, QIN,R = as defined in section L.2.1 of this appendix, QIN,M = as defined in section L.2.1 of this appendix, QP = as defined in section L.2.1 of this appendix, yP = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, YP,R = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, PE = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, PER = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, PEH = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, Yrc = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, YIG,R = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, PEIG = as defined in section L
.2.2 of this appendix, PE,G,R = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, PE,G,H = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, y = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, YR = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, BE = as defined in section L
.2.2 of this appendix, BER = as defined in section L
.2.2 of this appendix, BEH = as defined in section L.2.2 of this appendix, EffyHs = ratio of the average length of the heating season in hours to the average heating load

hours, 

### EffyUH = average part load efficiency at the maximum fuel input rate, EffyUR = average part load efficiency at the reduced fuel input rate, and EffyUM = average part load efficiency at the modulating fuel input rate. Equations 6 through 9 are modified to account for the fact that we know the house heating load (HHL) for each RECS household (see Chapter 7 section 7.6). First we set HHL equal to the factors in equations 6 through 9 used to approximate HHL: 

### HHL=2080*0.77*(QoUTI(1+a)) Therefore a is set equal to: a= QOuT * (2080) * (0.77) / (HHL) - 1 Eq. 10

Eq. 11 instead of being equal to the constant value 0.7 as defined in the BSR /ASHRAE SPC103/1993R test procedure.' 

### The modified equations used in the LCC spreadsheet are as follows (Note that the maximum value for BOH is set to 8760): BOHss = A * HHL - 2080 * B, for single

-stage furnaces and boilers, Eq. 12

L-6 XH X

R QIN QIN,R QIN,M 

### Qp YP YP,R PE PER PE H YIG YIG,R PE IG PEIG,R PEIG,H Y 

### YR 

### BE fraction ofheating load at maximum fuel inputrate operating mode, fraction ofheating load at reduced fuel input rate operating mode (l-XH), 

### as defined in section L.2.1 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.1 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.1 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.1 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in sectionL.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in sectionL.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in sectionL.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in sectionL.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in sectionL.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, as defined in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix, 

### BER BEH EffyHS 

### ratio ofthe average length ofthe heating season in hours to the average heating load hours, EffyU,H = EffyU,R = EffyU,M= 

### average part load efficiency at the maximum fuel input rate, average part load efficiency at the reduced fuel input rate, and average part load efficiency at the modulating fuel input rate. Equations 6 through 9 are modified to account for the fact that we know the house heating load (HHL) for each RECS household (see Chapter 7 section 7.6). First we set HHL equal to the factors in equations 6 through 9 used to approximate HHL: HHL 

### = 2080 

## *0.77 

## * (QOUT1 (1 

### + a)) 

### Eq.l0 Therefore ais set equal to:
a= 

### QOUT

## * (2080) 

## * (0.77) I(HHL)

- 

### I 

### Eq.ll instead ofbeing equal to the constant value 0.7 as defined in the BSRlASHRAE SPCI03/1993R testprocedure. I 

### The modified equations used in the LCC spreadsheet are as follows (Note that the maximum value for BOH is set to 8760): BOH ss 

### =A 

## *HHL

- 

### 2080 

## *B, 

### for single-stage furnaces and boilers,
L-6 

### Eq.12BOHH = XH * AH * HHL - 2080 * BH, for two-stage furnaces and boilers at the maximum operating mode, Eq. 13 

### BOHR = XR * AR * HHL

- 2080 * BR, for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces and boilers operating at the reduced operating mode, Eq. 14 and BOHM = Xs * AM * HHL - 2080 * BM, for continuous modulating furnaces and boilers operating at the modulating operating mode, Eq. 15 To calculate factors A , AH, AR, AM, B, BH, BR, and BM, DOE calculatedyP, yP R, PE, PER, PEN, YIG, YIG,R, PEIG, PEIG R, FEIGN, Y, YR, BE, BER, BEH, , PE, YIG, PEIG, y, BE, QIN, and Q P yP , as described in section L.2.2 of this appendix
. For factor B, if QP = 0, then B = 0, which is true for all cases except for the baseline manufactured-home gas furnace and the baseline gas boiler. We calculated EffyHs, heating seasonal efficiency, as defined in sections 11.2.11, 11.3.11.3, 11.4.11.3, and 11.5.11 .3.' For QP = 0, EffyHs is equal to the annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE). For QP > 0, Effy1S is calculated using EffyHs (as defined in section 11.2.8.1'). EffyHs is calculated using QOUT (as defined below), K (factor that adjusts the jacket losses , where K = 1.7 for nonweatherized furnaces, 3.3 for weatherized furnaces, and 1 for boilers as described in section 11.2.8.1 1), and Lj (j acket loss, where Lj = 1 is the default value as described in section 11.2.8.1') QOUT for all product classes is calculated using the following equations based on GAMA Directory 2005 data for Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces2: 

### QOUT = QIN (0.7247 * AFUE + 0.22346), for non-condensing equipment, and Eq. 16 QOUT = QIN (0.8127 * AFUE + 0.17557), for condensing equipment. Eq. 17 DOE calculated X. by using Tc (balance

-point temperature as defined in section 11.4.8.4 a (the oversize factor, as calculated in Equation 11), QOUT, and QOUT,R (reduced fuel input rate heating capacity). QOUTR is set equal to 69% QuUT for non-condensing equipment and 67% QOUT for condensing equipment, as derived using manufacturer product literature and Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA) March 2005 Directory data for all listed two-stage furnace models.2 XR is set equal to 1-XH. For similar reasons as provided in Appendix D, section D.3.2, EffyHH = EffyUR and therefore using the equation in section 11.5.11.31 is equal to EffyHs. EffyUM is calculated using the equation in section 11.4.9.2.3.'


### L.3 SUMMARY TABLES Tables L.4.1 through L.4.6 contain the data values used to calculate furnaces and boilers energy use in the LCC Analysis.

L-7 

### BOH H

= X 

### H

## *AH

## *HHL

- 20S0 

## *BH , for two-stage furnaces andboilers at the maximum operating mode, Eq.13 

### BOHR = X 

### R

## *A R

## *HHL

- 20S0 

## *BR, for two-stage and continuous modulating furnaces and boilers operating at the reduced operating mode, Eq. 14 and 

### BOH M



### =X

### H

## *AM

## *HHL

- 20S0 

## *BM ,for continuous modulating furnaces andboilers operating at the modulating operating mode, Eq. 15 To calculate factors 

### A,AH , AR ,AM, B, BH , BR , and

### BM ,DOE 

### calculatedYp,yPR' PE, PER' PE H

,YIG' YIG,R, PE IG,PE1G,R' PEIG,H,Y,YR' BE, BE R

,BE H

, , PE'YIG' PE1G,y, BE, QIN' and 

### Qpyp, as described in section L.2.2 ofthis appendix. For factor B, 

### if

### Qp = 0, then B 

### = 0, which is true for all cases except for the baseline manufactured-home gas furnace and the baseline gas boiler. We calculated

### EffiHS' heating seasonal efficiency, as defined in sections 11.2.11, 11.3.11.3, 11.4.11.3, and 11.5.11.3. 1 

### For 

### Qp = 0, 

### EffiHS is equal to the annual fuel utilization efficiency 

### (AFUE). For 

### Qp> 0, 

### EffiHS is calculated using 

### Effiss (as defined in section 11.2.S.1 I ). 

### Effiss is calculatedusing 

### QOUT(as defined below), K (factor that adjusts thejacketlosses, where K = 

### 1.7 for nonweatherized furnaces, 3.3 for weatherized furnaces, and 1 for boilers as described in section 11.2.S.1 1), 

### and Lj Gacket loss, where Lj = 

### 1 is the default value as described in section 11.2.S.1 I) 

### QOUTfor all product classes is calculated using the following equations based on GAMA Directory 2005 data for Non-Weatherized Gas Furnaces2: 

### QOUT = 

### QIN(0.7247 

## *AFUE 

### + 0.22346), for non-condensing equipment, and Eq.16 

### QOUT 

### = QIN (0.8127 

## * AFUE 

### + 0.17557), for condensing equipment. Eq.17 DOE calculatedXH 

### by using Tc (balance-point temperature as defined in section 11.4.8.4 1), 

### ex (the oversize factor, as calculated in Equation 11), 

### QOUT' and 

### QOUTR (reduced fuel input rate heating capacity). 

### QOUTR is set equal to 69% 

### QOUTfor non-condensing equipment and 67% 

### QOUT for condensing equipment, as derived using manufacturerproduct literature and Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA) March 2005 Directory data for all listed two-stage furnace models. 2 

### XR 

### is set equal to 1-XH . 

### For similarreasons as provided in Appendix D, section D.3.2, 

### Effiu,H= 

### Effiu,R and therefore using the equation in section 11.5.11.3 1 

### is equal to 

### Effiss. Effiu,Mis calculated using the equation in section 11.4.9.2.3. 1


### L.3 SUMMARY TABLES Tables L.4.1 through L.4.6 contain the data values used to calculate furnaces andboilers energy use in the LCC Analysis.

L-7Table L.3.1 Energy Use Parameters for Non-Weartherized Gas Furnaces

Description Effylls tp PE tIG PIG t+ t 78% AFUE - Baseline 78% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE - Increased HX Area 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81 % AFUE - Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 90% AFUE - Condensing 90% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 92% AFUE - Increased HX Area 92% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 92% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 92% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 92% AFUE - Modulation (Continuous) 92% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 96% AFUE - Modulation (Continuous) 96% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec Table L.3.2 Energy Use Parameters for Weartherized Gas Furnaces Description EffyHS tp PE tic PIG t+ t78% AFUE - Baseline 78% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE - Increased HX Area 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE - Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE - Increased HX Area 82% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE - Increased HX Area 83% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec Table L.3.3 Energy Use Parameters for Mobile Home Gas Furnaces Description EffyHS tp PE tic PIG t+ f 75% AFUE - Baseline 79% 5 sec 75 37 sec 0 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE - Increased HX Area 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE - Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE - Increased HX Area 82% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 90% AFUE - Condensing 90% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 

### T bi L 31 E



### a e 

# · . nergy 

## u p se f 

### N W arameters or on- eart h

### enzedG F 

### as urnaces Description EffYns tp PE tlG PIG t+ t78% AFUE

- Baseline 78% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81 % AFUE

- Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 90% AFUE

- Condensing 90% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 92% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 92% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 92% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 92% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 92% AFUE

- Modulation (Continuous) 92% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 96% AFUE

- Modulation (Continuous) 96% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 

### T bi L 32 E



### a e 

# · . nergy 

## u p se f 

### W arameters or h 

### eart enzedG F 

### as urnaces Description EffYns tp PE tlG PIG t+ f 78% AFUE

- Baseline 78% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 82% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 83% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 

### T bi L 33 E



### a e 

# · . nergy 

## u p 

### se t f M b"l H 

### arame ers or 0 

### Ie orne G F 

### as urnaces Description EffYns tp PE tlG PIG 

### t+ t75% AFUE

- Baseline 79% 5 sec 75 37 sec 0 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 80% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE

- Increased HXArea 82% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 5 sec 75 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec 90% AFUE

- Condensing 90% 5 sec 90 37 sec 400 120 sec 30 sec

L-8Table L.3.4 Energy Use Parameters for Oil-Fired Furnaces

Description EffyHS t, PE t,G PIG t+ t78% AFUE - Baseline 78% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE - Increased HX Area 80% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE - Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 81 % AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 81% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE - Increased HX Area 82% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 82% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE - Increased HX Area 83% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 83% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 83% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 84% AFUE - Increased HX Area 84% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 84% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 84% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 84% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 84% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 85% AFUE - Increased HX Area 85% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 85% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 85% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 85% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 85% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec Table L.3.5 Energy Use Parameters for Hot-Water Gas Boilers Description EffyHS tp PE tIG PIG t+ t80% AFUE - Baseline 82% 180 sec 76 37 sec 0 15 min 0 sec 81% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coe£ 81% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 81% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 82% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 82% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 82% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 83% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 83% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 83% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 83% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 84% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef 84% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 84% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 84% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 85% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef 85% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 85% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 85% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 86% AFUE 86% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 91%AFUE 91% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 99% AFUE 99% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min 0 sec 

### T bi 

### L 3 4 E

a e o 0 

### nergy 

## u p se**~** 0 01 F O d F 

### arameters or I - 

### Ire urnaces Description EffYHS tp PE tlG PIG t+ t78% AFUE

- Baseline 78% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 80% AFUE

- Increased HXArea 80% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE Increased HX Area 81% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 81 % AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 81% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 81% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE

- Increased HXArea 82% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 82% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 82% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE

- Increased HXArea 83% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 83% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 83% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 83% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 84% AFUE

- Increased HX Area 84% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 84% AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 84% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 84% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 84% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 85% AFUE

- Increased HXArea 85% 5 sec 220 26 min 45 120 sec 30 sec 85% AFUE

- Intemlpted Ignition 85% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 85% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 85% 5 sec 220 45 sec 25 120 sec 30 sec 

### T bi 

### L 35 E

a e o 0 

### nergy 

## u p se**~** 

### H W arameters or ot- ater G B 

### 01 as 01 

### ers Description EffYHS tp PE tlG PIG t+ t80% AFUE

- Baseline 82% 180 sec 76 37 sec 0 15 min Osee 81% AFUE

- Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 81% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 81 % AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 81% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 82% AFUE

- Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 82% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 82% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 83% AFUE

- Improved HeatTransfer Coef. 83% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 83% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 83% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 84% AFUE

- Improved HeatTransfer Coef. 84% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 84% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 84% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 85% AFUE

- Improved HeatTransfer Coef. 85% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 85% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 85% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 86%AFUE 86% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 91%AFUE 91% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee 99%AFUE 99% 180 sec 76 37 sec 400 15 min Osee

L-9Table L.3.6 Energy Use Parameters for Hot-Water Oil Boilers

Description EffyHS tp PE tIG PIG t+ t 80% AFUE - Baseline 80% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 0 sec 81 % AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef 81% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 0 sec 81 % AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 81% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 82% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 82% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 0 sec 82% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 82% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 82% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 83% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 83% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 0 sec 83% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 83% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 83% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 83% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 84% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef 84% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 0 sec 84% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 84% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 84% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 84% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 85% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coe£ 85% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 0 sec 85% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 85% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 85% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 85% 180 see 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 86% AFUE - Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 86% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 0 sec 86% AFUE - Interrupted Ignition 86% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 main 0 sec 86% AFUE - Modulation (Two-Stage) 86% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 90% AFUE 90% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 95% AFUE 95% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 0 sec 

### T bi L 36 E



### a e " " 

### nergy 

## u p 

### se arameters**~** 

### H tW or o - ater O"IB 

### "I I 01 

### ers Description EffYHS tp PE tIG PIG 

### t+ t80% AFUE

- Baseline 80% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 

## osec 81 % AFUE

- Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 81% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 

## osec 81 % AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 81% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 82% AFUE

- Improved HeatTransfer Coef. 82% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 

## osec 82% AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 82% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 82% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 82% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 83% AFUE

- Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 83% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 

## osec 83% AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 83% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 83% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 83% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 84% AFUE

- Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 84% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 

## osec 84% AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 84% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 84% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 84% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 85% AFUE

- Improved HeatTransfer Coef. 85% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 

## osec 85% AFUE

- Intemlpted Ignition 85% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 85% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 85% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 86% AFUE

- Improved Heat Transfer Coef. 86% 180 sec 220 26 min 45 15 min 

## osec 86% AFUE

- Interrupted Ignition 86% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 86% AFUE

- Modulation (Two-Stage) 86% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 90%AFUE 90% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec 95%AFUE 95% 180 sec 220 45 sec 25 15 min 

## osec

L-I0

### REFERENCES American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers Inc., Method of Testing

for Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency of Residential Central Furnaces and Boilers, October, 2003. Atlanta, GA. Report No

. BSR/ASHRAE Standard 103-1993R. First Public Review. 2. Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA), GAMA Directory March 2005, 2005. (Last accessed March, 2005.) <http: //www. gamanet. org/gama/inforesources. nsf/vAllDocs/Product+Directories?OpenDo cument> 3. U.S. Department of Energy, Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter II Part 430 Appendix N, Subpart B-Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Furnaces and Boilers, January 1, 2007. 

### 4. Honeywell Inc., Hot Surface Modules: S89C, D, G, H, J and S890C, D, G, H, J, 1989. Form Number: 68-0079-1. 5. Carlin Combustion Technology Inc., Oil Burner Ignition Systems: Interrupted Duty vs. Intermittent Duty, 2002. (Last accessed October 29, 2002.) <http://www.carlincombustion.com/TechLib/tech-Speakingl.html> 6. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Comparison of Burner Operating Options, 1994. Brookhaven National Laboratory. 7. Gable, G., Report to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory on Gas Furnace Ignition Systems, 2003. 8. Oswald, K., Report to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory on Pumps and Burners, 2002. 9. Taco Inc., 110-120 Red Baron Circulators, 2003. 

### REFERENCES 1. American Society ofHeating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers Inc., Method of TestingforAnnualFuel Utilization Efficiency of Residential CentralFurnaces and Boilers, October, 2003. Atlanta, GA. ReportNo. BSRlASHRAE Standard 103-1993R. First Public Review. 2. Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA), GAMA DirectoryMarch 2005,2005. (Last accessed March, 2005.) <http://www.gamanet.org/gama/inforesources.nsf/vAllDocs/ProducHDirectories?OpenDo cument> 3. U.S. Department ofEnergy, Title 10, Code of FederalRegulations, ChapterIIPart 430 AppendixN, SubpartB-Uniform Test MethodforMeasuring the Energy Consumption of Furnaces andBoilers, January 1,2007. 4. Honeywell Inc., Hot Surface Modules: S89C, D, G, H, J andS890C, D, G, H, J, 1989. FormNumber: 68-0079-1. 5. Carlin Combustion Technology Inc., OilBurnerIgnition Systems: InterruptedDuty vs. IntermittentDuty, 2002. (Last accessed October 29,2002.) <http://www.carlincombustion.comiTechLib/tech _speaking1.html> 6. BrookhavenNational Laboratory, Comparison of Burner Operating Options, 1994. BrookhavenNational Laboratory. 7. Gable, G., Report to Lawrence BerkeleyNationalLaboratory on Gas FurnaceIgnition Systems, 2003. 8. Oswald, K., Report to LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory on Pumps andBurners, 2002. 9. Taco Inc., 110-120RedBaron Circulators, 2003.

L-ll