A11102

I NBS BUILDING SCIENCE SERIES 160

Directional Extreme Wind Speed Data

for the Design of Buildings

and Other Structures

I! 53

'

' lo^lGO

^P^^TM^NT OF COMMERCE • NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

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URnaUAl BUREAU OF STAND^Dg

NBS BUILDING SCIENCE SERIES 160 TA

Directional Extreme Wind Speed Data

J^^^k^o

for the Design of Buildings ^^24

and Other Structures c,^

Michael J. Changery

Environmental Data Information Service

National Climatic Data Center

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Asheville, NC 28801

Eugene J. Dumitriu-Valcea

Consulting Engineer

Greenwood, IN 46142

Emil Simiu

Center for Building Technology

National Engineering Laboratory

National Bureau of Standards

Washington, DC 20234

Prepared for

National Science Foundation

Washington, DC 20550

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS. Ernest Ambler. Director

Issued March 1984
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 84-601008

National Bureau of Standards Building Science Series 160

Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Bldg. Sci. Ser. 160, 123 pages (Mar. 1984)

CODEN: BSSNBV

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1984

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402
ABSTRACT

The purpose of this report is to provide largest yearly fastest-mile wind speed

data corresponding to winds blowing from each octant at 37 airport stations in

the United States. Four sets of data are presented. The first set consists of

largest yearly fastest-mile wind speeds at 2A stations as extracted from original

records. The second set consists of largest yearly fastest-mile wind speeds at

13 stations as extracted from Local Climatological Data (LCD) summaries. The

third and fourth sets consist of the data from the first and second sets reduced

to a height of 10 m above ground. The report also provides information on possible differences between extreme data extracted from original records on the one hand and from LCD summaries on the other hand. Procedures for estimating

extreme wind effects that take into account the directional characteristics of

the extreme wind climate and of the aerodynamic behavior of the structure are briefly reviewed, and it is noted that additional research on sampling errors

in the estimation of extreme wind effects appears to be warranted.

Key words: aerodynamics; climatology; directionality; reliability; structural

engineering; wind engineering; wind speeds.

iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under

agreement No. PFR 8025718. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not

necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors

would like to acknowledge the assistance of Dr. D. A. Reed.

iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

ABSTRACT iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT Iv

1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. WIND DIRECTIONALITY EFFECTS ON CLADDING AND STRUCTURAL LOADS 3

2.1 Extreme Wind Loads 3

2.2 Weil-Behaved Wind Climates 3

2.3 Hurricane-Prone Regions 3

3. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EXTREME DATA FROM ORIGINAL RECORDS AND FROM

LCD SUMMARIES 5 4. REDUCTION OF WIND SPEED DATA TO A COMMON ELEVATION 7 5. REFERENCES 9

APPENDIX I 11

APPENDIX II 59

APPENDIX III 83

APPENDIX IV 109

V

1. INTRODUCTION

It is widely recognized that, owing to both aerodynamic and cllmatological

factors, wind direction can have an important effect on the design of windsensitive structures. For this reason, modern wind tunnel tests provide extensive information on the dependence of aerodynamic loads upon direction. However, in current design practice this information is in many instances not integrated in a consistent manner with data concerning the extreme wind climate.

This can lead to the estimation of design wind loads that, depending upon the extreme wind climate and the aerodynamic properties of the structure, can differ significantly for any given mean recurrence interval from the actual

loads.

In recent years various procedures for estimating design wind loads have been

developed that take into account both aerodynamic and cllmatological directional

effects. Procedures applicable to structures in hurricane-prone regions have

been proposed by references 1 and 2. Procedures developed for structures in regions with well-behaved wind climates are described in references 3 to 6. The procedure of references 3 and 4 depends for the characterization of the extreme wind climate upon continuous wind velocity records (or similar types

of records, e.g., wind velocities recorded at 1-hour or 3-hour intervals). The

procedures of references 5 and 6 utilize records of largest yearly wind speeds

for each of the eight (or sixteen) directions of the compass.

It has been shown in reference 7 that continuous velocity records may reflect

predominantly the presence of weak winds, such as, for example, morning breezes,

which do not belong to the same family of meteorological phenomena as the strong

winds of interest in structural design. For this reason, the use of such

records may lead to systematically incorrect Inferences concerning effects of strong winds.

Records of largest yearly wind speeds provide a more dependable basis for such

inferences. However, a major obstacle to the implementation of procedures that

utilize such records is the absence of readily available directional extreme wind data. The main purpose of this report is to provide such data at a number

of airport stations in the United States.

The report consists of four sections and four appendices. Following this

introduction, section 2 includes a brief review of recent research results

reported in references 2, 5, and 6 concerning wind directionality effects in

well-behaved wind climates and in hurricane-prone regions. Section 3 discusses

the differences between directional extreme wind speed data as obtained at various stations from the original records on the one hand, and from Local

Cllmatological Data (LCD) summaries issued by the National Climatic Data Center

on the other hand. Section 4 describes the procedure used in this report for

reducing the wind speed data to a common elevation.

Appendix I includes directional extreme fastest-mile wind speed data obtained

from the original records at 24 stations. Some of these data differ from

those obtained from LCD summaries, for reasons explained in section 3. In those instances where such differences exist, the fastest-mile wind speed data

1
obtained at 21 of these 24 stations from LCD summaries are also listed under

the heading "Published Data." Appendix II includes directional extreme fastest-mile wind speed data at 13 stations, as obtained from LCD summaries

only. The data listed in appendices I and II were recorded at a variety of elevations. For statistical analysis and structural design purposes it is necessary that the data be reduced to a common anemometer height. This is done, as shown in section A, in appendices III and IV, which include extreme fastest-mile wind speed data reduced to a 10 m height for the stations listed

in appendices I and II, respectively. Also included in appendices III and IV are sample statistics (sample mean, v, sample standard deviation, s(v),

sample maximum, v^^jj, and sample minimum, V[jj^^) of largest yearly fastest-mile

speeds for winds blowing from each octant, and for largest yearly fastest-mile

speeds for winds blowing from any direction. Such statistics are calculated

for the entire period of record, as well as for the first and for the second

half of the record. These three sets of statistics are presented in order to provide some Insight into the dependence of the statistics upon the data sample,

both in the case of winds blowing from each octant and in the case of winds

blowing from any direction.

2
2. WIND DIRECTIONALITY EFFECTS ON CLADDING AND STRUCTURAL LOADS

In this section a brief review is presented of results reported in references

2, 5, and 6. These results are applicable to cladding and structural members

not subjected to resonant or aeroelastlc effects under the assumption that the only random dependence of the loading upon time is that associated with

wind loads.

2.1 EXTREME WIND LOADS

Let the direction-dependent loading be defined by the expression

Q(a,, e.) = 1 p E C^(a,, e.)v2(a.) (2.1.1)

J 1 2 P J 1 J

where p = air density, E = exposure factor converting the square of speed v(aj)

recorded under standard micrometeorological conditions into the square of the mean speed at reference elevation over the building site, and Cp(aj , 9^) = aero- dynamic coefficient corresponding to wind direction, aj , given that the angle

of orientation of the building is 9^. We assume for the time being that the

building has a specified orientation, i.e., that the angle 9^ is fixed.

Let the largest wind speeds blowing from the directions aj during a specified

period be denoted by v(aj). The largest wind load to which the member under

consideration will be subjected during that period is:

Q(9.) = i p E max [C^(a., 9.)v2(oi )] (2.1.2)

1 2 j P J J

2.2 WELL-BEHAVED WIND CLIMATES

Let now v(aj) represent the set of largest yearly wind speeds corresponding to the directions aj . Q(9i) is then the largest yearly wind load acting on the member to which Eq. 2.1.1 applies. In well-behaved wind climates, where sets

of largest yearly wind speed data, v(aj), are available for a sufficient number

of consecutive years, largest yearly wind loads corresponding to these data can

be calculated by Eq. 2.1.2. The requisite statistics of QOj) can be estimated

from these calculated loads. The advantage of using this procedure is that it does not require any explicit assumptions concerning the joint probability distribution of wind speed and direction, for which no validated model is available

to date.

In practice it is computationally convenient to estimate statistics of a variate

1/2 VgqOj^) which is proportional to [Q(9j^)/p] and is referred to as the equivalent wind speed. The requisite information concerning Q(9i) can then be obtained from the statistics of Vgq(9j^).

2.3 HURRICANE-PRONE REGIONS

In hurricane-prone regions the design loads are influenced by winds associated

with both hurricanes (tropical cyclones) and non-hurricane storms. Let the

3
cumulative distribution functions fitted to the hurricane and the non-hurricane

equivalent wind speeds, vy^gq and vj^^gq, be denoted by Fjj[vjj^gq(9i) < v] and FNH[vNH^eq(8i) < v] , respectively. The probability distribution of the

equivalent wind speeds is obtained from the relation

< V] = FjjlVjj^^^O,) < V] F^[vj^^^q(9,) < V] (2.3.1)

The reference period for the distributions of Eq. 2.3.1 is one year. However,

the sample of hurricane equivalent wind speeds to which the distribution Fy

is fitted are not yearly values. Rather, they are associated with hurricanes

whose irregular occurrence is characterized by the mean rate of occurrence,

V. The approach used in this case is the following [2]. A large number, m,

of hurricanes is generated by Monte Carlo simulation on the basis of climatological data pertaining to hurricane storms. The corresponding largest speeds,

v(aj), corresponding to the directions, aj , are calculated for each of these

hurricanes. These speeds are then used In Eq. 2.1.2. A number of largest

hurricane-induced loads, QkOj), is thus obtained [k = 1, 2, ... m, and

9i(9i) < 92(9i) < ... 9n,(9i)]. It can be shown [8] that the mean

recurrence Interval of the load, QkOi), is

N = 1 (2.3.2)

l_^-v(l- k)

' m-1

The probability distribution and various statistics of vjj^gq can then be obtained as needed. Hurricane wind speed data, v(aj), for m = 1,000 hurricanes

generated as shown in reference 8 are recorded on tape for 56 stations along the

Gulf and Atlantic coasts [9].

The sample of non-hurricane wind speeds from which the distribution of the

equivalent speeds, v^jj^gq, is estimated consists of the set of largest yearly

non-hurricane wind speeds recorded for each octant over a sufficient number of consecutive years. In practice, data recorded at a station in a hurricane-prone

region also include hurricane wind speeds—If hurricanes happen to have occurred

at that station during the period of record. To estimate the distribution of ^NH,eq largest yearly wind speed data at that station must therefore,

be corrected, i.e., the wind speeds associated with tropical cyclones must be

excluded from the set (e.g., using information on the occurrence dates of tropical cyclones available in references 10 or 11) and replaced by largest yearly

non-hurricane wind speeds (e.g., obtained from Local Climatologlcal Data

sheets). Note that appendices I through IV Include data sets at the following

stations in hurricane-prone regions: Corpus Chrlstl, Texas; Jacksonville,

Florida; and Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Wind speeds associated with

tropical cyclones. If any, were not replaced In these sets by largest yearly

nonhurricane wind speeds.

4
3. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EXTREME DATA FROM ORIGINAL RECORDS AND FROM LCD

SUMMARIES

Local Cllmatologlcal Data (LCD) monthly summaries Include fastest-mile wind

speed data* and the corresponding direction. On the date of this fastest-mile,

another (lower and unpublished) value could have occurred from a different

direction and actually exceeded the published annual extreme for that different

direction. Since that value would not appear In the LCD summaries, It is referred to as a "hidden value".

The 24 stations for which data are Included In appendix I have been corrected

for possible "hidden values" by examining the original records. "Hidden values"

discovered as a result of this search are Indicated by an asterisk adjacent to the date of occurrence of the wind speed and the corresponding published values

are listed, for 21 of the 2 A stations of appendix I.

A comparison of the "hidden values" with the corresponding published values

shows that In most cases the wind load statistics would be only modestly

affected If the published values were used In the calculatlono. The reader

can verify that in the case of such stations as, e.g.. Great Falls, Montana; Portland, Oregon; and Tucson, Arizona, using the "hidden values" instead of the published values would result in differences in the design wind loads of the order of 1 percent. At some stations such differences are somewhat larger.

Examples of relatively large differences. A, between "hidden" and published

values are shown in table 1

Table 1. Examples of "Hidden" Versus Published Values of Extreme Wind Speeds

Station Year Direction

"Hidden" Value

(mph) [m/sec]

Published Value

(mph) [m/sec]

A %

Abilene, TX 1960 SW 48 [21] 36 [16] 25

Bismarck, ND 1953 N 51 [23] 43 [19] 16

Buffalo, NY 1952 W 51 [23] 37 [17] 27

Omaha, NB 1950 W 61 [27] 47 [21] 23

Omaha, NB 1953 S 57 [25] 42 [19] 26

Omaha, NB 1957 SE 53 [24] 39 [17] 26

Tulsa, OK 1950 S 52 [23] 43 [19] 17

* The fastest-mile wind speed is the speed averaged over an Interval equal to the time required for the passage over the anemometer of a volume of air

with a horizontal length of one mile.

5
However, even at these stations the effect of such differences is small from a structural design viewpoint. This is the case because differences such as those

listed in table 1 occur only for a small number of observations so that their

effect upon the wind load statistics is strongly mitigated. The data of appendix I thus suggest that the use of extreme yearly directional wind speed data

extracted from monthly Local Climatological Data summaries is acceptable not only for preliminary design purposes but, in most cases, for final designs as well.

6
4. REDUCTION OF WIND SPEED DATA TO A COMMON ELEVATION

To ensure the microtneteorologlcal homogeneity of the data at any given station,

It is necessary to reduce all the wind speeds recorded at that station to a common elevation. The elevation chosen for this purpose Is 10 m above ground.

The mean wind profile near the ground in homogeneous terrain Is given by the well-knovm logarithmic law, which may be written In the form:

z In _ v(z) = ^

v(10) (4.1) In 11

where z = height above ground and Zq = roughness length, both expressed in meters. In open terrain, Zq may vary from, say, 0.03 m to 0.10 m. In this

report the reduction of the data to a height of 10 m is based on the assumption

Zq = 0.05 m. It can be verified that the errors inherent in the assumption

Zq = 0.05 m — if in fact the values Zq = 0.03 m or Zq = 0.10 m were correct

are small (of the order of 1 percent or 2 percent).

An approximation to Eq. 4.1 is given by the power law

v(z) = (1^)"* v(10) (4.2)

where, for open terrain conditions, it is generally assumed that a = 1/7. It is noted that Eq. 4.1, and therefore its approximate equivalent given by Eq. 4.2,

is valid for mean wind speeds averaged over a relatively long time interval,

e.g., one hour. The question thus arises of expressing the variation with

height of the fastest-mile wind speed, which is averaged over a relatively

short time (30 to 90s or so).

To obtain an approximate expression for the fastest-mile wind profile, it may

be assumed, approximately,

^pk ~ ^fm _ _1_ Vpk - V

2

where Vpj^ = peak wind speed, Vf^, = fastest-mile speed, and v = hourly mean

speed (see, e.g., reference 13, p. 62). The expression for Vpk can, in open terrain, be written as

1/2

Vpk = v(z) + 3 7^ (4.4)

1/2

where v'2 = r.m.s of longitudinal velocity fluctuations, and

7
1/2

v'2 « v(10) (4.5) In 10

where Zq Is expressed In meters (see reference 13, pp. 45 and 54).

It can be verified by using Eqs. 4.1, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 that, within the anemometer elevation range of interest in this report, it is possible to write

approximately

. Hioi (1 +

z::io 0.02) (4.6)

Vfm(^> v(z) 10

where z is expressed in meters. The errors inherent in Eq. 4.6 are of the

order of -1 to 3 percent, the higher errors being on the conservative side

(i.e., yielding slightly higher fastest-mile values at 10 m above ground than

would be obtained by a more "exact" expression). Eq. 4.6, also used in reference 14, has been employed in this report to obtain the corrected speeds at

10 m above ground.

Note that Eq. 4.6 is based on the assumption that the atmospheric stratification

is neutral. As shown in reference 15, this assumption is acceptable for wind

speeds of the order of 20 mph (8.9 m/sec) or more at 10 m above ground. The use of Eq. 4.6 for lower speeds entails errors which may become significant if

the speeds are of the order of 10 mph (4.5 m/sec) at 10 m above ground.

Since these errors affect only the lower wind speeds, which generally do not control the structural design, their practical effect is not significant. For this reason, no corrections for these errors have been attempted in this report.

8
5. REFERENCES

1. Tryggvason, B. V., Surry, D., and Davenport, A. G., "Predicting WindInduced Response In Hurricane Zones," Journal of the Structural Division , ASCE, Vol. 102, No. ST12, December 1976.

2. Slmlu, E. and Batts, M. E., "Wind-Induced Cladding Loads in Hurricane-Prone

Regions," Journal of the Structural Division , ASCE, January 1983.

3. Davenport, A. G. , "The Prediction of Risk Under Wind Loading," Proceedings , 2nd International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability,

September 1977, Munich.

4. Wen, Y.C., "Wind Direction and Structural Reliability," J. of the

Structural Division , ASCE, Vol. 109, No. 4, April 1983.

5. Simiu, E. and Filliben, J. J., "Wind Direction Effects on Cladding and

Structural Loads," Engineering Structures , Vol. 3, July 1981.

6. Slmlu, E., "Aerodynamic Coefficients and Risk Consistent Design," Journal

of Structural Engineering , ASCE, May 1983.

7. Simiu, E., Filliben, J. J., and Shaver, J. F. , "Short-Term Records and Extreme Wind Speeds," Journal of the Structural Division , ASCE, November

1982.

8. Batts, M. E., Russell, L. R. , and Simiu, E., "Hurricane Wind Speeds in the

United States," Journal of the Structural Division , ASCE, October 1980.

9. Hurricane- Induced Wind Loads , Computer Program, Accession Number

PB 82132259, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA

22161.

10. Neumann, C. J., Cry, G. W. , Caso, E. L. , and Jarvinen, B. R. , Tropical

Cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean, 1871-1980 , National Climatic Center,

Asheville, NC, and National Hurricane Center, Coral Gables, FL, Super-

' Intendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

I

20402, July 1981.

11. Sugg, A. L. , Pardue, L. G. , and Carrodus, R. L. , Memorable Hurricanes of the United States , National Weather Service, Southern Region, NOAA

Technical Memorandum, NWS SR-56, Fort Worth, TX, 1971.

12. Simiu, E. and Shaver, J. R. , "Wind Loading and Reliability-Based Design,"

' Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Wind Engineering , Pergamon Press, Oxford and New York, 1980.

13. Simiu, E. and Scanlan, R. H. , Wind Effects on Structures , John Wiley and

Sons, NY, 1978.

9
lA. Simiu, E., et al., Extreme Wind Speeds at 129 Stations in the Contiguous

United States , Building Science Series 118, National Bureau of Standards,

Washington, DC, March 1979.

15. Simiu, E. "Thermal Convection and Design Wind Speeds", Journal of the

Structural Division, ASCE, July 1982.

10
APPENDIX I

LARGEST YEARLY FASTEST-MILE WIND SPEEDS EXTRACTED FROl ORIGINAL RECORDS (IN

MILES PER HOUR).

Notes

1. For all stations listed In this appendix the data have been extracted from

the original records. These data may in certain instances differ from data

published in Local Climatologlcal Data (LCD) summaries. This is the case because the LCD data consist of the daily fastest mile and its associated

direction; on the date of the fastest mile another (lower and unpublished)

value could occur from a different direction and actually exceed the annual extreme for this direction published in the LCD's. Dates when such "hidden"

values were noted are indicated by an asterisk, and the corresponding data

published in LCD summaries are listed at the end of the data set for all

stations except Huron, Sheridan, and Toledo.

2. Dates of occurrence of the wind speeds, and anemometer heights for each

station are also included in this appendix.

11
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I

I
APPENDIX II

LARGEST YEARLY FASTEST-MILE WIND SPEEDS OBTAINED FROM LOCAL CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA

(LCD) SUMMARIES (IN MILES PER HOUR).

Notes

1. The data listed in this appendix have not been corrected for "hidden values"

(see note 1, appendix I). Values are listed as published in Local

Climatological Data (I£D) summaries.

2. Dates of occurrence of the wind speed, and anemometer elevations for each

station are also Included in this appendix.

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APPENDIX III

LARGEST YEARLY FASTEST-MILE WIND SPEEDS AT 10 METERS ABOVE GROUND CORRESPONDING

TO DATA EXTRACTED FRO! ORIGINAL RECORDS (IN MILES PER HOUR).

Notes

1. Also included in this appendix are the following sample statistics:

V = sample mean

s(v) = sample standard deviation

Vjjax ~ sample maximum

Vjnin ~ sample minimum

Sample statistics are provided for the entire record as well as for the first and the second half of the record.

83

Tuscon, Arizona (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 40 51 38 35 46 41 46 25 51

1951 39 37 55 38 35 32 34 24 55

1952 27 20 59 46 42 35 32 40 59

1953 20 18 43 34 36 32 33 42 43

1954 43 7 37 41 44 33 32 26 44

1955 31 44 39 42 35 36 31 44 44

1956 26 31 35 37 28 35 36 34 37

1957 22 18 38 42 31 30 35 40 42

1958 20 28 44 35 35 30 35 27 44

1959 28 50 46 53 58 41 49 45 58

1960 33 39 31 58 52 37 53 47 58

1961 37 32 58 54 35 43 37 36 58

1962 27 36 43 43 39 36 58 32 58

1963 25 37 37 45 39 38 56 31 56

1964 20 37 42 38 58 41 33 31 58

1965 18 45 41 58 44 42 51 37 58

1966 22 39 43 51 39 45 29 43 51

1967 32 41 42 41 42 40 43 35 43

1968 27 26 56 37 34 33 32 27 56

1969 29 60 42 39 40 38 47 29 60

1970 30 52 39 47 38 38 66 34 66

1971 38 38 49 79 42 40 47 34 79

1972 52 30 47 50 36 47 50 39 52

1973 28 30 29 40 40 42 36 38 42

1974 41 42 48 42 32 41 41 39 48

1975 37 37 44 38 50 41 40 50 50

1976 32 38 32 40 32 40 42 33 42

1977 29 48 44 47 37 39 42 38 48

1978 28 39 30 42 44 39 34 41 44

1979 31 28 33 39 34 34 42 31 42

Period v 30.4 35.9 42.1 44.4 39.9 38.0 41.4 35.7 51.5

1950- s(v) 7.8 11.3 7.9 9.3 7.3 4.3 9.2 6.7 9.0

1979 v^ax 52 60 59 79 58 47 66 50 79

Vmin 18 7 29 34 28 30 29 24 37

Period v 29.2 32.3 43.0 42.7 40.9 36.0 40.0 34 .

9

51 .0

1950- s(v) 7.7 12.4 8.4 7.4 9.2 4.2 9.6 7.7 7.7

1964 Vmax 43 51 59 58 58 43 58 47 59

Vmin 20 7 31 34 28 30 31 24 37

Period v 31.6 39.5 41.3 46.0 38.9 39.9 42.8 36.5 52.1

1965- s(v) 8.1 9.2 7.6 10.8 5.0 3.6 9.0 5.8 10.4

1979 vmax 52 60 56 79 50 47 66 50 79

Vmin 18 26 29 37 32 33 29 27 42

85
Sacramento, California (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE s sw W NW X/X Xd..UXV^ilB

1950 33 16 14 57 42 39 23 23 57

1951 25 24 17 44 52 41 24 23 52

1952 26 3 17 59 55 11 28 29 59

1953 44 28 17 59 41 11 30 31 59

1954 28 10 17 50 37 32 24 30 50

1955 30 28 12 49 36 38 33 36 49

1956 33 20 25 32 44 35 26 30 44

1957 25 8 15 31 30 36 22 34 36

1958 25 9 14 36 33 28 21 30 36

1959 33 33 31 44 27 48 32 28 48

1960 27 19 15 34 31 34 34 31 34

1961 14 29 22 24 35 38 42 44 44

1962 14 5 36 37 37 46 34 35 46

1963 24 12 27 36 37 32 37 37 37

1964 35 24 8 35 33 41 25 40 41~ X 1965 38 8 8 37 32 35 31 46 46

1966 37 19 8 36 29 40 25 32 40TV/ 1967 35 36 13 64 37 35 34 44 64

1968 42 20 7 33 19 35 32 27 42

1969 36 32 13 38 29 30 35 21 38

1970 37 11 8 25 36 38 32 25 38

1971 40 22 8 32 31 32 34 36 40

1972 37 10 9 29 25 35 32 41 41~X 1973 32 10 8 34 27 34 31 29 34

1974 46 7 15 32 30 32 29 11 46

1975 47 12 8 37 27 11 27 41 47

1976 32 14 11 27 27 30 11 37 37

1977 35 15 10 33 29 29 25 35 35

1978 26 8 12 42 24 32 19 35 42

1979 24 14 10 40 20 29 X11X 33 40

Period v 32.0 16.9 14.5 38.9 33.1 34.5 28.1 33.0 44.1

1950- s(v) 8.1 9.1 7.3 10.3 8.1 5.4 7.0 6.5 8.0

1970 V 47 36 36 64 55 48 42 46 64

^mm 14 3 7 24 19 27 11 21 34

Pprlod V 11 ,1 17.9 19.

41 .8 38.0 36.

29.0 32.

46.

1950- s(v) 7.7 9.6 7.6 10.9 7.8 6.4 6.2 5.8 8.4

1964 vmax 44 33 36 59 55 48 42 44 59

Vmin 14 3 8 24 27 11 21 23 34

Period v 36.3 15.9 9.9 35.9 28.1 32.9 27.2 33.9 42.0

1965- s(v) 6.3 8.7 2.4 9.1 5.0 3.6 7.8 1,1 7.2

1979 v^jax 47 36 15 64 37 40 35 46 64

Vmin 24 7 7 25 19 11 11 21 34

86
Denver, Colorado (1951-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S sw W NW Directions

1951 36 41 37 32 41 33 33 42 42

1952 36 36 27 41 31 36 36 51 51

1953 37 49 25 34 40 33 37 47 49

1954 43 43 31 35 34 32 33 43 43

1955 47 38 30 36 39 26 34 45 47

1956 35 36 23 42 45 38 47 35 47

1957 40 33 24 50 37 28 39 38 50

1958 34 36 24 40 36 33 36 43 43

1959 35 33 26 29 38 41 34 43 43

1960 32 26 31 31 32 34 43 54 54

1961 41 37 31 37 39 40 54 48 54

1962 40 42 26 37 37 47 53 46 53

1963 46 32 36 47 39 52 48 43 52

1964 43 39 34 38 36 48 44 39 48

1965 33 34 28 47 40 62 43 44 62

1966 41 47 38 32 37 36 36 50 50

1967 34 39 32 40 42 44 47 47 47

1968 38 38 28 32 32 40 43 42 43

1969 44 32 23 41 32 51 43 47 51

1970 41 44 22 29 30 41 40 44 44

1971 46 39 32 52 47 41 37 42 52

1972 36 41 24 32 40 47 47 42 47

1973 48 38 29 34 38 37 36 54 54

1974 42 42 31 33 38 39 38 48 48

1975 47 48 26 31 41 38 48 50 50

1976 59 38 29 33 46 42 38 56 59

1977 52 42 27 32 42 41 46 50 52

1978 47 42 33 60 46 44 46 43 60

1979 38 38 26 39 31 38 44 33 44

Period v 41.1 38.7 28.7 37.8 38.1 40.1 41.5 45.1 49.4

1951- s(v) 6.3 5.1 4.3 7.5 4.7 7.5 5.9 5.4 5.2

1979 v^ax 59 49 38 60 47 62 54 56 62

Vmin 32 26 22 29 30 26 33 33 42

Period v 38.9 37.2 28.9 37.8 37.4 37.2 40.8 44.

1

48.3

1951- s(v) 4.6 5.6 4.6 5.9 3.6 7.0 7.4 5.0 4.3

1964 Vmax 47 49 37 50 45 52 54 54 54

Vmin 32 26 23 29 31 26 33 35 42

Period v 43.1 40.1 28.5 37.8 38.8 42.7 42.1 46.1 50.5

1965- s(v) 7.0 4.3 4.2 8.9 5.6 6.6 4.3 5.7 5.9

1979 vmax 59 48 38 60 47 62 48 56 62

Vmin 33 32 22 29 30 36 36 33 43

87
Jacksonville, Florida (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 42 45 63 33 52 43 31 24 63

1951 28 37 24 30 36 34 33 26 37

1952 49 35 29 40 34 34 36 37 49

1953 39 38 37 28 40 45 28 26 45

195A 31 31 32 24 40 31 38 28 40

1955 28 40 31 27 27 31 37 28 40

1956 32 32 33 38 43 31 29 31 43

1957 27 31 31 35 40 24 30 24 40

1958 24 34 27 28 25 29 37 28 37

1959 30 31 24 28 33 32 30 25 33

1960 31 40 36 26 29 36 34 30 40

1961 36 31 30 34 29 42 38 28 42

1962 31 37 47 34 24 37 35 31 47

1963 54 45 39 35 24 27 44 45 54

1964 72 42 68 39 42 36 38 33 72

1965 31 39 50 31 34 37 42 39 50

1966 26 35 42 31 32 34 32 31 42

1967 24 66 31 25 26 34 30 41 66

1968 45 36 28 34 29 40 30 28 45

1969 51 45 27 24 31 32 31 35 51

1970 31 31 34 38 34 30 32 31 38

1971 26 36 24 38 31 48 37 52 52

1972 27 33 43 35 34 42 34 48 48

1973 30 47 45 30 29 38 53 37 53

1974 27 38 26 48 37 37 37 37 48

1975 68 30 26 30 30 59 38 37 68

1976 29 32 22 30 32 44 46 46 46

' 1977 29 29 24 29 23 34 36 31 36

1978 27 27 21 26 32 43 37 42 43

1979 35 37 27 32 30 34 35 35 37

Period v 35.3 37.0 34.0 32.0 32.7 36.6 35.6 33.8 46.8

1950- s(v) 12.3 7.6 11.5 5.5 6.5 7.0 5.5 7.5 9.8

1979 vmax 72 66 68 48 52 59 53 52 72

Vmin 24 27 21 24 23 24 28 24 33

Period v 36.9 36.6 36.7 31.9 34.5 34.1 34.5 29.6 45.5

1950- s(v) 12.8 5.0 13.1 5.0 8.3 5.9 4.4 5.5 10.5

1964 vmax 72 45 68 40 52 45 44 45 72

Vmin 24 31 24 24 24 24 28 24 33

Period v 33.7 37.4 31.3 32.1 30.9 39.1 36.7 38.0 48.2

1965- s(v) 12.0 9.6 9.3 6.1 3.4 7.4 6.3 6.8 9.3

1979 vmax 68 66 50 48 37 59 53 52 68

Vmin 24 27 21 24 23 30 30 28 36

88
Boise, Idaho (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

N IN El OEi cD QLJ w IN W ui^ 1*xcCLions d ^ ^ i~» »^ o

1 950 25 24 99 JZS9 99 An AA JZ'i9 JZ

11 QS1 7 J 1 9ft 99 1

A

xo J7 •^9 '^7 J / AA 1"; JJ JZ

1 QS9 X1 fto XD 99 LL ZD9A J7 A9'tZ Al**j AAHH

/. 9n J7 jO ji JX CIJi

1 QSA X

1 7/ Q7 xo J** jO^A An jU^n LL ^n

1 QSS 9fi Z79Q X J Afl JO^ft j/17 17J/ An An

11 QSA > JD "^9 QO 9ft AO "^A J'* JZ19 A9fz JO1ft A9tz

X 7 J / 9d xz1 9 99 JU LL Z/97 AA'to An AA

1

1 Qy JO^A JO X J A9 JJ A9'tZ LL ZO9ft AA

11 QSQ 7 J7 X1 AH X17/ JU A9fZ JO"^A JH"^A JUin A9HZ A9

^9J^ X J JJ JDSA JO"^ft A'^ HJ j^^9 JX JOSA

X 7Q X X1 97 9Q^7 "^9 Jim JH "^9 j^ A9 JJ JJ A9

1962 19X 7 24 38 32 29 42 38 33 42

1963 24 19X 7 29 62 X197 42 37J/ 36JO 62

X 70*+ X1 Q7 9

1

^ X J X An ^9JZ AA JX JH^A AAHH

X 7 \JJ X1 4H X1 97 <.o 9fi J7 Jv JH^A JH^A AnHU 40HU

1966 X197 X10w 28 36 24 SO 36 38 JU

1967 X 7 V / 29 26 36 37 36 32 38 33 38

1968 27 27 26 37 44 29 26 47 47

X 707 JJ JJ JO HO

1970 16 18 34 42 38 47 44 50 50

1971 27 34 32 41 27 38 39 49 49

X1 97? 7 /

1

1

X X 1

4

X*T ^o9A 47 AlHX 41H X 41*T X 44 47H / 1973 23 10 27 52 47 42 32 47 52

X1974 7 / H X197 9 42 38 56 31*J X 41*t X 56

1975 16 24 31 47 44 44 28 47 47

1976 21 34 32 42 29 41 37 51 51

X1 Q77 7 / / X

1 Q7 xo1 A 9A JX JW An AlHX A7H/ A7H/

X1 Q7fi 7 / O X1 AH 97 zo9fi JO'^A 1X Q7 JO"^ft J^ A7 47H/

X1 Q7Q 7 / 7 ^9 9*^ X197

"^7 J/ 98 ^X JH3A 44 44

Period v 22.4 19.5 11 ,1 40.8 34.0 39.4 37.6 41.4 47.3

X73U S\V

)

O.J ftO.J A 7 0 . / 7 A ft n A A AO 1 . X Ao . Ao JS . AH

1 07Q IT JO "XL J't A9oz ^9JZ JD^A JUsn jZS9 A9oz ^min 1 1 X X

y,H X J Jv X1 9y 27 26 28 38

Period v 23.9 17.5 26.5 41.7 34.1 38.1 39.9 38.7 47.3

1950- 8(v) 6.6 7.5 8.5 8.9 8.2 5.1 6.3 6.9 6.3

1964 vmax 38 29 44 62 52 44 50 52 62

14 4 15 30 19 27 30 28 40

Period v 20.9 21.6 28.8 39.9 33.9 40.6 35.4 44.2 47.4

1965- s(v) 6.2 8.7 4.3 5.6 8.1 7.4 5.0 5.2 4.5

1979 vmax 32 34 36 52 47 56 44 51 56

Vmin 11 9 19 31 19 29 26 33 38

89
Louisville, Kentucky (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 26 21 14 30 44 48 41 37 48

1951 26 24 25 39 48 49 38 32 49

1952 29 20 25 51 38 49 49 37 51

1953 34 26 20 40 40 52 49 44 52

1954 29 23 21 29 48 49 32 49 49

1955 22 38 29 35 48 44 28 29 48

1956 32 22 17 29 42 43 50 44 50

1957 26 24 22 37 40 35 49 36 49

1958 20 25 15 48 32 30 29 32 48

1959 24 19 21 36 32 37 38 27 38

1960 22 19 36 29 40 33 29 38 40

1961 28 23 19 32 38 37 48 39 48

1962 47 27 20 29 39 33 43 33 47

1963 48 22 32 28 39 31 44 40 48

1964 44 27 30 24 52 39 49 34 52

1965 34 29 21 14 34 39 42 34 42

1966 33 24 37 29 30 31 34 67 67

1967 44 30 19 38 34 36 30 63 63

1968 37 23 19 20 42 56 37 42 56

1969 31 22 28 39 31 38 42 44 44

ly /u OAJO ZO LI jy /. 0 4z OQjy OQjy /. o 4z

1971 33 30 20 40 33 38 61 42 61

1972 32 31 19 24 33 50 38 31 50

1973 32 29 26 33 40 50 42 32 50

1974 28 29 18 29 34 60 49 44 60

iy/j /y 1

Jo JZ j/ A A n't Ofi JO A 7 1976 32 36 21 24 33 39 46 40 46

1977 33 22 34 29 43 42 41 37 43

1978 33 29 11 31 29 36 42 38 42

1979 34 24 28 37 34 38 42 37 42

Period v 31.7 25.9 lh,l 32.5 38.2 41.7 41.5 39.3 49.1

1950- s(v) 6.9 4.7 6.4 7.7 5.9 7.8 7.5 8.6 6.8

1979 Vmax 48 38 37 51 52 60 61 67 67

20 19 14 14 29 30 28 27 38

Period v 30.5 24.0 23,1 34.4 41.3 40.6 41.1 36.7 47.8

1950- s(v) 9.0 4.7 6.4 7.6 5.8 7.5 8.3 5.9 3.9

1964 vmax 48 38 36 51 52 52 50 49 52

Vmin 20 19 14 24 32 30 28 27 38

Period v 33.0 27.8 25.3 30.5 35.0 42.8 41.9 41.9 50.3

1965- s(v) 3.7 4.0 6.5 7.6 4.2 8.1 7.0 10.2 8.8

1979 v^ax 44 36 37 40 43 60 61 67 67

Vmin 28 22 18 14 29 31 30 31 42

90
Portland, Maine (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 30 33 59 41 41 32 43 44 59

1951 32 28 32 45 49 33 31 31 49

1952 52 37 43 40 37 24 26 36 52

1953 31 33 41 45 40 37 37 41 45

1954 29 40 62 42 30 29 37 54 62

1955 37 37 39 25 29 47 41 36 47

1956 40 40 31 31 31 34 29 31 40

1957 29 30 22 56 44 33 31 31 56

1958 40 34 29 23 28 36 26 29 40

1959 29 37 31 40 41 38 31 28 41

1960 38 32 35 56 35 33 21 23 56

1961 32 32 38 29 27 29 24 28 38

1962 31 31 40 39 26 38 34 34 40

1963 40 22 40 31 43 38 44 36 44

1964 32 32 26 37 30 31 29 39 39

1965 29 22 38 47 32 39 33 47 47

1966 32 44 32 37 26 31 34 37 44

1967 32 30 31 24 28 32 46 41 46

1968 29 27 30 34 28 33 44 38 44

1969 36 37 40 36 40 50 47 34 50

1970 63 22 34 34 29 39 33 42 63

1971 32 28 42 34 29 30 42 38 42

1972 t 1 41 37 38 47 40 31 36 4/

1973 40 33 38 42 39 33 Jo 39

1974 32 30 32 29 42 33 46 48 / o 48

1975 37 29 44 37 27 38 46 40 46

1976 40 26 20 31 37 32 46 57 57

1977 36 33 42 41 40 30 40 41 42

1978 30 36 34 53 43 32 40 48 53

1979 31 37 28 32 34 37 Oft 39 o o Jo 39

Period v 35.4 32.3 36.4 37.9 34.8 34.4 36.4 38.5 47.3

1950- s(v) 7.4 5.4 8.9 8.7 6.

6

5.2 7.4 7.8 7.1

1979 vmax 63 44 62 56 49 50 47 c n Dl 63

Vmin 29 22 20 23 26 24 21 23 38

Period v A ft '\R 7 35 4 34 .

1

32 .

3

34.7 47 .2

1950- s(v) 6.4 4.7 11.0 9.8 1,1 5.3 7.0 7.7 8.0

1964 Vmax 52 40 62 56 49 47 44 54 62

Vmin 29 22 22 23 26 24 21 23 38

Period v 36.0 31.4 34.9 37.2 34.3 34.7 40.7 42.3 47.3

1965- s(v) 8.5 6.1 6.4 7.6 6.1 5.3 5.1 6.0 6.3

1979 v^ax 63 44 44 53 43 50 47 57 63

Vmin 29 22 20 24 26 30 33 34 39

91
Detroit, Michigan (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N N£ E SE S sw W NW Directions

1950 32 21 22 18 O T 27 35 35 44 44

1951 30 25 20 20 28 47 30 36 47

1952 31 o o 23 17 o / 24 OO22 54 o c 35 Oft 39 54

1953 31 Oft 30 o o 22 o c 25 o o 23 45 41 / ft 40 45

1954 28 o o 22 19 Oft 20 o o 22 36 46 O ft 39 46

1955 47 o o 23 16 o o 22 o o 22 47 i ft 40 OO38 47

1956 25 O 1 21 O O 22 O 1 21 OO22 O T 37 / o 42 / O 42 / o 42

1957 26 O / 24 O O 23 OT27 O 1 21 O C 35 O T 37 O C 35 37

1958 O ft 29 O 1 21 oo LI 35 39 35 Oft 39

1959 33 31 O 1 21 21 31 Ar» 40 36 36 /. ft 40

I960 35 0*7 37 Oft 20 1/ OO

2.1 35 35 CI. 64 64

1961 29 ooLL o o LI 1 £io o o 31 OA on3U O A 34

1962 25 23 Oft 20 21 OO22 OO28 o o 33 A ^ 47 A 1 47

1963 34 22 18 O / 24 O 1 21 o c 35 O36 50 50

1964 Oft 30 23 1 T17 1 olo OO 37 A t 46 O 1 31 A £ 46

1965 o o 28 O O 23 18 19 o^26 O C 35 A C 45 o o 38 45

1966 39 38 zl 32 OO22 o o 28 38 OO33 Oft 39

1967 38 ft ft 29 27 24 O 1 31 CO58 A O 43 o^36 c o 58

1 ft ^ O 1968 O / 34 O O 33 29 31 47 Cft 50 56 OO38 56

1 ft ^ ft 1969 O f 37 O / 34 Oft 30 OO38 0£26 40 / O 42 Oft 39 7 O 42

1970 29 32 40 26 32 44 43 53 53

1971 33 26 30 22 37 50 56 56 56

1 ftT O 1972 32 O C 36 36 O 1 21 34 51 5o A T 56

1 ft "7 O 1973 O ft 30 o i 31 Oft 29 0£26 Oft 39 Cft 50 38 o o 38 Cft 50

1974 29 31 28 28 O ft 30 56 44 / O 42 56

1975 30 36 29 28 39 58 49 42 58

1976 31 37 30 19 24 54 39 42 54

1977 42 36 37 28 28 42 62 41 62

1978 26 31 36 33 37 57 46 47 57

1979 36 33 27 27 37 / ft 40 52 62 62

Period v 32.0 28.8 24.9 24.0 27.9 43.0 42.5 42.0 49.5

1950- s(v) 5.0 5.7 6.6 5.2 7.0 9.2 7.8 8.3 8.1

1979 vmax 47 38 40 38 47 58 62 64 64

Vmin 25 21 16 16 21 28 30 30 o / 34

Period v 31.0 25.2 20.1 21.2 23.3 38.5 37.7 40.4 45.4

1950- s(v) 5.4 4.8 2.2 3.2 2.9 6.9 4.6 8.5 7.2

1964 v^ax 47 37 23 27 31 54 46 64 64

Vmin 25 21 16 16 21 28 30 30 34

Period v 32 .

32.4 29.8 26.8 32.6 47.5 47.3 43.6 53.6

1965- s(v) 4.2 5.8 5.3 6.8 9.1 7.5 8.0 6.8

1979 Vjsiax 42 38 40 38 47 58 62 62 62

26 23 18 19 22 28 38 33 39

92
Jackson, Mississippi (1950-1962, 1965-1975)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 31 20 36 33 42 25 33 55 55

1951 31 17 27 35 53 35 31 55 55

1952 36 24 35 43 63 32 29 47 63

1953 35 34 18 39 46 30 34 32 46

1954 33 37 29 39 29 39 34 52 52

1955 45 36 28 35 35 35 38 52 52

1956 30 33 37 28 34 28 31 35 37

1957 52 31 29 50 33 33 34 33 52

1958 33 29 34 32 29 23 39 37 39

1959 34 31 26 43 26 32 26 37 43

1960 37 35 24 30 28 35 33 39 39

1961 41 30 35 26 41 30 30 39 41

1962 38 30 25 33 31 33 35 58 58

1965 32 37 24 42 33 32 26 41 42

1966 33 20 23 43 43 27 29 50 50

JH JZ Jo jZ 1 o 44

1968 42 19 32 32 44 31 29 36 44

1969 30 44 24 44 27 31 29 38 44

1970 27 26 26 34 40 34 29 40 40

1971 31 37 26 41 33 36 24 33 41

1 Q 7 0 JO j/ 1 o "57 j/ JJ j/ Zi HO 40

1973 33 34 33 42 39 30 33 47 47

1974 34 26 24 41 43 38 28 38 43

1975 30 23 29 38 38 40 22 37 40

Period v

ir\ 1 ^7 /. "57 0 jZ . ^ zy . o 4Z . J 40 . 4

950-62 s(v) 5.6 6.9 5.2 5.8 8.8 4.2 5.1 7.8 6.8

965-75 vmax 52 44 37 50 63 40 39 58 63

Vmin 27 17 18 26 26 23 19 32 37

Period v 36.5 30.0 29.8 36.1 38.3 31.4 32.7 42.8 47.8

1950- s(v) 6.5 6.3 5.7 7.0 11.3 4.5 3.6 8.8 8.2

1961 Vmax 52 37 37 50 63 39 39 55 63

Vmin 30 17 18 26 26 23 26 32 37

Period v 33.5 30.4 26.4 38.8 36.2 33.4 27.0 42.3 44.9

1962 s(v) 4.1 7.8 4.3 4.1 5.7 3.7 4.8 7.0 5.1

L965-75 Vmax 42 44 33 44 44 40 35 58 58

Vmin 27 19 19 32 27 27 19 33 40

93
Great Falls, Montana (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max . Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 25 28 19 19 51 56 55 40 56

1951 40 29 36 27 48 55 62 40 62

1952 24 28 36 24 43 56 49 44 56

1953 34 28 19 30 29 57 57 48 57

1954 21 25 25 19 41 60 61 42 61

1955 46 24 18 25 40 62 51 42 62

1956 28 21 27 28 32 69 52 43 69

1957 25 27 27 24 30 57 55 43 57

1958 29 29 17 14 40 63 59 45 63

1959 34 19 22 29 30 47 56 45 56

1960 32 32 19 32 30 75 56 47 75

1961 32 40 34 27 35 61 51 45 61

1962 45 23 23 23 29 66 47 35 66

1963 35 32 25 35 39 56 47 48 56

1964 41 32 24 26 37 48 51 41 51

1965 32 28 19 26 16 47 61 39 61

1966 32 23 28 32 38 56 47 45 56

1967 45 26 28 23 19 61 51 39 61

1968 34 32 20 37 28 51 51 51 51

1969 30 28 19 22 39 51 41 41 51

1970 22 34 17 17 32 63 32 39 63

1 O 7 1 ly /I zy io ir\ jKJ 0 o Jo ji A 1 31

1972 25 28 28 29 24 54 44 35 54

1973 34 27 23 28 35 52 45 41 52

1974 56 34 27 24 37 60 40 35 60

1975 33 28 16 25 46 57 36 32 57

19/6 52. o o OA Ji A 1 OQJo CO

1977 37 28 32 25 38 50 42 44 50

1978 30 32 19 15 35 48 60 46 60

1979 35 28 17 28 33 63 46 36 63

Period v 33.2 o o c 28.5 23 .

26. 5 34 .9 56 .8 49 .

/.I c 41.5 CO 1 58 .

1950- s(v) 7.8 4.4 6.1 7.2 7.7 7.3 7.8 4.5 5.9

1979 Vmax 56 40 36 52 51 75 62 51 75

21 19 16 14 16 47 32 32 50

Period v 32.7 27.8 24.7 25.5 36.9 59.2 53.9 43.2 60.5

1950- s(v) 7.7 5.2 6.4 5.4 7.0 7.3 4.7 3.4 6.1

1964 vniax 46 40 36 35 51 75 62 48 75

Vmin 21 19 17 14 29 47 47 35 51

Period v 33.7 29.3 23.1 27.5 32.8 54.3 45.2 39.9 56.1

1965- s(v) 8.1 3.4 5.9 8.7 8.0 5.3 8.0 5.0 4.8

1979 vmax 56 35 34 52 46 63 61 51 63

Vmin 22 23 16 15 16 47 32 32 50

94
Omaha, Nebraska (1950-1976)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S sw w NW Direction

1950

1 52 43 29 43 49 40 32 63 63

1951 37 30 39 35 32 37 45 48 48

1952 39 36 31 34 37 34 51 43 51

1953 40 24 32 34 49 51 40 43 51

1954 40 26 36 34 34 36 39 46 46

1955 39 25 28 32 38 30 30 41 41

1956 48 42 30 36 32 48 33 42 48

1957 41 38 49 45 36 29 35 36 49

1958 42 29 36 34 46 29 31 35 46

1959 41 41 29 38 38 30 55 36 55

1960 46 41 33 34 38 46 35 41 46

1961 40 35 35 32 36 25 29 42 42

1962 46 36 35 37 34 38 35 47 47

1963 49 31 36 42 37 39 42 54 54

1964 47 31 37 41 37 36 51 70 70

1965 50 29 30 33 38 41 47 50 50

1966 56 38 29 31 30 36 31 47 56

1967 62 23 33 33 47 42 46 62 62

1 96© 43 31 21 42 48 39 36 72 72

1969 33 33 39 36 30 36 38 43 43

1970 42 30 42 32 36 47 37 52 52

1971 43 29 29 39 31 50 29 62 62

1972 37 37 30 31 39 50 42 52 52

1 Q"7 0 DO 40 29 54 36 41 30 43 56

1974 39 49 40 39 40 42 33 44 49

1975 42 29 26 47 34 38 38 49 49

1976 46 40 28 46 64 58 18 44 64

Period v 44.3 33.9 33.0 37.6 38.7 39.6 37.3 48.4 52.7

1950- s(v) 6.6 6.6 5.8 5.8 7.5 7.8 8.2 9.8 8.1

1976 Vxaax 62 49 49 54 64 58 55 72 72

Vmin 33 23 21 31 30 25 18 35 41

Period v 42.4 34.3 34.0 36.0 38.4 36.4 37.7 43.3 48.7

1950- s(v) 4.3 6.8 5.6 4.0 5.9 8.1 8.1 7.2 5.7

1962 Vmax 52 43 49 45 49 51 55 63 63

Vmin 37 24 28 32 32 25 29 35 41

Period v 46.1 33.6 32.1 39.0 39.1 42.5 37.0 53.1 56.5

1963- s(v) 8.0 6.6 6.0 6.9 9.0 6.5 8.6 9.8 8.4

1976 Vmax 62 49 42 54 64 58 51 72 72

Vmin 33 23 21 31 30 36 18 43 43

95
Buffalo, New York (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max, Winds

from all

1. X\. N NF E SE s SW W NW

1950 25 26 39 34 34 73 38 30 73

1951 23 22 23 27 34 53 42 36 53JJ

1 952 27 29 22 21 34 42 41^ X 34 42

24 30 21^ X 22 37 40'TV/ 47"t / J55J

1954 45 34 24 40 43 50 36 28 50JO

1955 18 38 22 20 33 51 46 29 51JX

1 956 22 27 20 X17/ 29 46 45 38 46

1957 29 26 21^ X 34 30 52 54 37 54J*T

1 958 25 26 26 18XU 29 47 41*T X 32J ^ 47

1 959 26 AC? 28 21^ X 32 36 52 54 30Jv 54J^

1 960 32 29 23 30 47 52 47 40 52J^

X1961 > X 32 29 22 34 31 48 42 34 48

1962 24 38 32 27 33 52 49 48 52

X 7 U ^ 32 32 32 29 J^32 58 52J ^ J^32 JO58

1 QftA 29 97 JO 28 JU36 JO58 J-? 59 41H X J37 59

1 965 30 39 36 29 J57/ J52^ 33JJ 57J /

J. -7UU 23 23 29 48•tO 46*+o J37/ 48*tO 1967 32 32 32 22 42 63 50 32 63

1 968 32 32 32 22 32 46 46 32Ji^ 46

1 969 27 39 20 ^26O 36 49 40 33JJ 49

1970 27 27 23 32 32 46 31 34 46

1971 32 22 11 21 34 58 46 34 58

1 972 31 36 31J X 26 36 53 49 36 53

1 973 32 36 32 19X ^ 34 38 42 40 42

1974 32 28 34 23 38 52 53 38 53

1975 34 31 21 23 36 52 52 34 52

1976 28 29 18 32 32 56 36 37 56

1 977 29 ^8 ^0 44 J31X JO56 43J JO38 JO56

11 978 -/ / o 24 28 26 67o / JO56 JO36 JO36 67O /

1 979 27 XI 24 27 J^32 J*T 54 37J / 34J'T 54J*T

Period v 28.6 30.3 26.6 27.2 35.3 52.4 45a 35.5 53.1

J.yDU 1 Qi^l^— S\V c( n\

)

A Q J.J 0 . O 7/ . J AO.J5 AO . A9 H . O Ao . 8o 19/9 Vmax jy jy 0/ / J jy Aft 40

Vmin 1 o Li. 1 8 1 7 A79Q ^8JO jO 9ft AO 49Ha

X: cxxoa V 97 A79Q • AH A9 JS . AD A27/ . JS JH?4 . JS 52 (\ 45HJ . 7/ J J5 . 7/ JA52 . 97 1950- s(v) 6.3 4.5 6.1 6.8 5.0 7.1 6.7 6.2 7.1

1964 vmax 45 38 39 40 47 73 59 48 73

Vmin 18 22 20 17 29 42 36 28 42

Period v 29.7 31.3 27.5 26.8 36.0 52.3 44.6 35.2 53.3

1965- 8(v) 2.1 5.3 4.9 6.7 9.2 6.1 5.9 2.4 6.6

1979 vmax 34 39 34 44 67 63 53 40 67

Vmin 24 22 18 19 29 38 36 32 42

96
Charlotte, North Carolina (1952-1978)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1952 38 22 26 39 35 42 14 28 42

1953 23 19 13 23 32 37 29 39 39

1954 38 51 18 32 32 36 28 48 51

1955 39 30 27 27 28 41 28 38 41

1956 42 37 21 20 38 46 42 32 46

1957 48 34 19 28 34 42 33 51 51

1958 28 36 14 32 17 48 36 50 50

1959 30 34 27 32 23 35 30 44 44

1960 39 50 24 29 24 36 28 42 50

1961 24 27 31 37 32 54 34 31 54

1962 28 40 20 21 31 38 43 66 66

1963 29 30 18 34 27 37 31 30 37

1964 28 37 29 18 29 38 29 31 38

1965 27 24 19 21 31 42 30 27 42

1966 27 36 21 19 24 41 29 32 41

1967 24 26 19 30 32 39 28 27 39

1968 38 31 21 23 32 42 31 29 42

1969 32 31 27 22 32 41 29 36 41

1970 27 22 28 21 29 38 27 38 38

1971 26 26 18 28 24 52 31 29 52

1972 30 26 19 28 33 38 32 33 38

1973 32 30 16 29 29 38 28 36 38

1974 32 27 37 26 23 40 37 32 40

1975 31 21 19 37 34 50 31 44 50

1976 26 27 30 32 34 38 38 50 50

1977 36 26 19 27 29 54 38 34 54

1978 30 32 20 34 33 56 33 32 56

PpTi £ oH VV 31 .6 30.

8

22.2 27 .7 29.7 42.2 31.4 37 .4 45.6

1952- s(v) 6.2 7.8 5.7 5.9 4.7 6.1 5.6 9.4 7.3

1978 Vmax 48 51 37 39 38 56 43 66 66

Vmin 23 19 13 18 17 35 14 27 37

Period v 33.4 34.4 22.1 28.6 29.4 40.8 31 .2 40.8 46.8

1952- s(v) 7.7 9.4 5.7 6.6 5.6 5.6 7.2 11.0 8.0

1964 Vmax 48 51 31 39 38 54 43 66 66

Vmin 23 19 13 18 17 35 14 28 37

Period v 29.9 27.5 22.4 26.9 29.9 43.5 31.6 34.2 44.4

1965- s(v) 4.0 4.1 5.9 5.3 3.8 6.5 3.7 6.4 6.5

1978 Vmax 38 36 37 37 34 56 38 50 56

Vmin 24 21 16 19 23 38 27 27 38

97
Bismarck, North Dakota (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW

Max. Winds

from all

Directions

1950 53 44 47 53 31 31 44 53 53

1951 44 33 40 53 36 23 54 47 54

1952 46 32 53 33 32 53 53 53 53

1953 48 40 47 39 46 54 53 62 62

1954 46 31 61 36 47 26 53 53 61

1955 36 40 46 41 46 56 60 53 60

1956 40 27 38 49 43 37 54 58 58

1957 41 32 44 47 32 56 40 54 56

1958 49 43 36 41 28 38 47 63 63

1959 36 44 33 47 34 33 58 62 62

1960 62 41 40 45 31 33 50 62 62

1961 36 33 42 33 27 29 54 40 54

1962 56 33 40 33 38 28 47 52 56

1963 56 50 27 40 44 62 50 60 62

1964 38 58 48 44 32 40 48 54 58

1965 30 42 37 38 31 47 42 58 58

1966 39 46 29 41 29 37 40 58 58

1967 42 51 31 36 40 44 49 58 58

1968 50 36 41 44 34 28 50 51 51

1969 58 40 32 43 41 32 41 52 58

1970 34 46 32 33 37 33 52 56 56

1971 40 38 34 44 50 33 47 50 50

1972 33 34 32 40 32 52 44 66 66

1 Q7 "3 IQJO jy 51 Jj 0 Q Zo Jo DU jU

1974 28 39 34 37 44 34 50 47 50

1975 32 39 54 44 32 37 50 60 60

1976 42 42 33 40 34 44 48 52 52

1977 38 44 24 42 41 50 42 50 50

1 n"7 o 19 /o zy zy Jo 3J jy 111 oU OU

1979 38 31 21 50 36 29 52 48 52

Period v 41.9 39.2 38.2 41.6 36.5 39.5 48.6 54.7 56.8

1950- s(v) 8.9 7.0 9.0 5.6 6.3 11.2 5.4 5.8 4.5

1979 Vmax bZ JO Do jU DZ OU DO DO

^min 28 27 21 33 11 23 38 40 50

Period v 45.8 38.7 42.8 42.3 36.5 39.9 51.0 55.1 58.3

1950- s(v) 8.2 8.3 8.2 6.8 7.0 12.8 5.2 6.3 3.7

1964 vmax 62 58 53 53 47 62 60 63 63

Vmin 36 27 27 33 21 23 44 40 53

Period v 38.1 39.6 33.6 40.9 36.5 39.1 46.1 54.4 55.3

1965- s(v) 8.0 5.7 7.5 4.2 5.7 9.6 4.6 5.4 4.9

1979 vnjax 58 51 54 50 50 59 52 66 66

^min 28 29 21 33 29 28 38 kl 50

98
Toledo, Ohio (1959-1977)

Wind Direction

flax. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE s sw w NW DiU-I. rppf J. ^ I. J."i onR \J L i O

1959 38 31 32 24 20 42 40 44 44

1960 26 30 32 23 36 39 38 39 39

1961 34 30 31 23 22 40 52 32 52

1962 33 29 24 21 29 43 40 57 57

1963 29 27 22 40 33 47 42 39 47

1964 29 38 29 32 31 41 40 38 41

1965 32 36 27 18 24 46 52 42 52

1966 33 34 30 21 28 34 37 39 39

1967 39 29 28 31 26 62 42 34 62

1968 34 37 26 26 23 44 42 34 44

1969 29 36 20 38 30 39 56 59 59

1970 26 42 27 29 27 48 39 60 60

1971 24 28 28 19 32 50 52 47 52

1972 28 33 29 31 22 39 52 42 52

1973 33 26 29 29 38 48 42 42 48

1974 26 33 22 27 28 44 42 42 44

1975 31 32 23 38 29 48 47 56 56

1976 30 29 29 20 36 46 42 37 46

1977 40 32 26 42 29 42 47 31 47

Period v 31.3 32.3 27.

1

28.0 28.6 44.3 44.4 42.8 49.5

1959- s(v) 4.5 4.2 3.5 7.4 5.1 5.9 5.8 9.0 7.0

1977 Vmav » max 40 42 32 42 38 62 56 60 62

^min 24 26 20 18 20 34 37 31 39

Period v 32.6 31.6 28.3 25.9 27.7 43.8 42.6 40.4 48.1

1959- s(v) 4.2 3.6 3.5 7.0 5.2 7.8 5.6 7.2 8.2

1967 Vmax 39 38 32 40 36 62 52 57 62

"^min 26 27 22 18 20 34 37 32 39

Period v 30.1 32.8 25.9 29.9 29.4 44.8 46.1 45.0 50.8

1968- s(v) 4.7 4.7 3.2 7.6 5.0 3.9 5.6 10.3 6.0

1977 vniax 40 42 29 42 38 50 56 60 60

^min 24 26 20 19 22 39 39 31 44

99
Tulsa, Oklahoma (1950-1978)

Wind Direction

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW

Max. Winds

from all

Directions

1950 41 33 22 17 46 48 30 40 48

1951 42 33 35 29 36 40 49 37 49

1952 30 33 23 26 31 38 35 30 38

1953 33 31 29 29 33 36 32 33 36

1954 49 33 43 26 31 38 33 46 49

1955 33 30 24 32 37 31 38 33 38

1956 34 35 46 31 30 41 28 46 46

1957 49 41 30 39 35 17 28 40 49

1958 31 35 28 28 29 41 45 30 45

1959 48 41 29 25 33 32 37 44 48

1960 37 41 44 31 43 46 35 33 46

1961 34 34 24 30 32 33 39 55 55

1962 38 32 27 36 31 35 29 35 38

1963 37 32 30 49 37 37 31 37 49

1964 36 38 33 36 43 39 37 41 43

1965 35 38 28 41 40 37 36 41 41

1966 42 40 27 29 41 44 31 35 44

1967 41 32 43 37 41 45 37 37 45

1968 38 38 32 44 38 44 32 37 44

1969 31 29 33 36 51 45 29 35 51

1970 33 31 18 41 39 38 32 36 41

1971 37 50 32 36 43 35 35 53 53

17/^ 1 Q79 ^7 "^7 43 "^7 j\j J X 4^

1973 41 37 40 39 49 46 41 41 49

1974 31 35 29 51 49 40 44 35 51

1975 36 30 28 44 50 46 47 43 50

1976 37 30 30 43 45 45 43 36 45

J.1 Q77 7 / / 46HO AS An

1978 32 25 30 11 32 25 27 32 32

Period v 37.3 34.4 31.0 35.1 38.9 39.0 35.7 38.3 45.5

1950- 8(v) 5.2 5.2 6.9 8.0 6.6 7.3 6.2 6.2 5.5

^max AO JKJ Aft CI

Jl. AQ JJ Vmin 30 25 18 17 29 17 27 30 32

Period v 38.3 34.6 31.0 30.6 34.6 36.6 34.9 38.5 45.3

1950- s(v) 6.6 3.7 8.0 7.4 4.9 7.5 6.3 7.2 5.6

1963 Vmax 49 41 46 49 46 48 49 55 55

Vmin 30 30 22 17 29 17 28 30 36

Period v 36.5 34.2 31.0 39.3 42.9 41.2 36.5 38.2 45.7

1964- s(v) 3.6 6.4 6.0 6.1 5.4 6.6 6.3 5.4 5.6

1978 vn,ax 42 50 43 51 51 53 47 53 53

Vmin 31 25 18 27 32 25 27 31 32

100
Portland, Oregon (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 17 10 25 26 43 45 28 22 45

1951 18 16 34 50 51 36 44 21 51

1952 15 17 31 23 34 38 26 20 38

1953 16 7 22 23 49 39 28 22 49

1954 20 16 22 36 42 42 31 23 42

1955 18 21 32 36 50 42 27 30 50

1956 15 21 29 31 47 36 28 20 47

1957 22 16 26 22 54 31 17 23 54

1958 14 15 23 29 46 55 23 21 55

1959 13 20 29 34 38 31 26 23 38

1960 9 20 31 36 31 42 23 21 42

1961 16 13 31 38 45 50 39 21 50

1962 18 15 36 42 79 32 23 27 79

1963 24 26 31 27 55 39 27 23 55

1964 13 34 39 31 44 31 30 26 44

1965 9 39 39 64 42 53 30 26 64

1966 30 18 33 38 38 40 33 32 40

1967 27 26 38 41 78 42 28 34 78

1968 19 34 44 29 50 41 27 28 50

1969 19 24 39 29 40 51 39 29 51

1970 28 29 50 27 42 38 26 31 50

1971 19 13 39 33 53 34 34 29 53

1972 21 31 47 27 53 43 36 27 53

1973 28 21 51 26 32 36 34 31 51

1974 23 29 44 28 56 33 36 30 56

1975 31 17 37 41 31 40 36 31 41

1976 26 38 34 30 26 44 31 38 44

1977 26 20 39 39 26 48 46 31 48

1978 22 9 42 41 39 38 32 28 42

1979 24 19 43 43 49 36 27 38 49

Period v 20.0 21.

1

35.3 34.0 45.4 40.2 30.5 26.9 50.

3

1950- s(v) 5.9 8.3 7.9 9.0 12.3 6.5 6.4 5.1 9.7

1979 Vmav 31 39 51 64 79 55 46 38 79

lUXll 9 7 22 22 26 31 17 20 38

Period v 16.5 17.8 29.4 32.3 47.2 39.3 28.0 22.9 49.3

1950- s(v) 3.8 6.5 5.0 7.8 11.1 7.1 6.5 2.8 10.0

1964 Vjnax 24 34 39 50 79 55 44 30 79

Vmin 9 7 22 22 31 31 17 20 38

Period v 23.5 24.5 41.3 35.7 43.7 41.1 33.0 30.9 51.3

1965- s(v) 5.6 8.9 5.3 10.0 13.5 5.9 5.3 3.5 9.6

1979 vmax 31 39 51 64 78 53 46 38 78

Vmin 9 9 33 26 26 33 26 26 40

101
Harrlsburg, Pennsylvania (1950-1977)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 16 18 27 54 37 29 39 39 54

1951 29 24 25 38 24 37 35 39 39

1952 19 20 33 24 20 52 34 44 52

1953 30 20 33 19 26 29 44 57 57

1954 24 16 47 60 35 34 37 44 60

1955 22 19 22 25 25 25 63 57 63

1956 26 19 24 21 28 41 44 55 55

1957 21 16 24 31 24 32 35 38 38

1958 23 33 25 24 21 26 35 34 35

1959 20 16 24 20 34 30 33 37 37

1960 21 13 23 20 20 30 35 31 35

1961 15 20 27 20 26 27 31 35 35

1962 20 39 33 22 28 33 37 38 39

1963 32 36 19 21 28 35 52 46 52

1964 11 22 24 26 25 30 46 38 46

1965 22 22 21 21 28 39 46 45 46

1966 27 28 28 23 22 26 39 46 46

1967 35 30 28 29 20 34 47 42 47

1968 36 26 24 28 25 25 46 47 47

1969 33 35 23 22 23 30 32 39 39

1970 28 28 26 25 27 25 56 48 56

1971 21 26 20 20 27 33 50 46 50

1972 25 27 24 23 32 28 46 38 46

1973 35 25 36 26 32 44 37 40 44

1974 19 24 37 24 17 29 39 37 39

1975 24 47 19 29 28 37 44 50 50

1976 25 17 25 26 29 34 54 51 54

1977 23 24 19 24 19 26 37 46 46

Period v 24.9 24.6 26.4 26.6 26.1 32.1 41.9 43.1 46.7

1950- s(v) 5.7 7.9 6.3 9.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 6.8 8.0

1977 v^ax 36 47 47 60 37 52 63 57 63

^min 15 13 19 19 17 25 31 31 35

Period v 22.7 22.1 27.6 28.5 26.9 32.9 39.6 42.4 46.5

1950- s(v) 5.0 8.1 7.0 13.2 5.4 7.0 8.7 8.5 10.5

1963 vmax 32 39 47 60 37 52 63 57 63

^min 15 13 19 19 20 25 31 31 35

Period v 27.1 27.2 25.3 24.7 25.3 31.4 44.2 43.8 46.9

1964- s(v) 5.6 7.1 5.6 2.8 4.6 5.7 6.8 4.7 4.7

1977 vmax 36 47 37 29 32 44 56 51 56

^min 19 17 19 20 17 25 32 37 39

102
Huron, South Dakota (1958-1977)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1958 34 40 37 32 48 31 29 56 56

1959 56 25 25 31 49 46 45 55 56

1960 41 33 35 63 46 29 30 52 63

1961 34 48 26 43 41 63 41 46 63

1962 32 38 52 47 52 44 67 72 72

1963 37 40 49 41 44 29 54 66 66

1964 39 36 36 39 47 57 37 63 63

1965 39 36 26 40 39 47 24 52 52

1966 56 32 34 37 38 38 50 60 60

1967 37 52 30 42 42 39 38 63 63

1968 44 50 28 40 42 38 33 80 80

1 QAQ JO HZ. 97 jy Jo

1970 37 30 27 37 47 40 37 t\l 47

1971 40 38 38 38 50 42 41 48 50

1972 43 28 26 34 48 34 39 56 56

1973 48 38 34 50 39 34 38 51 51

1 Q74 AQ H / An / o 97 Aft HO 7ft / o 1975 36 29 37 62 38 47 38 58 62

1976 47 37 28 37 44 60 32 49 60

1977 44 50 29 40 39 50 32 50 50

L CI. XL'U V JO . \J "^9 7 A9 n A'^ ft AA 9 JO . J JO 7 . / DU • J 1958- s(v) 7.3 8.0 7.5 8.5 4.5 12.5 9.9 9.0 8.9

1977 Vniax 56 52 52 63 52 78 67 80 80

Vmin 32 25 25 31 38 29 24 47 47

Period v 40.5 38.0 35.0 41.5 44.6 42.3 41.5 58.5 61.4

1958- s(v) 8.6 7.8 9.3 9.0 4.6 11.5 13.0 1,1 5.7

1967 Vmax 56 52 52 63 52 63 67 11 72

^min 32 25 25 31 38 29 24 52 52

Period v 43.5 39.1 30.3 42.4 42.6 46.1 35.4 54.9 59.6

1968- s(v) 5.9 8.6 4.4 8.4 4.4 13.8 4.2 10.1 11.5

1977 Vmax 56 50 38 62 50 78 41 80 80

Vmin 36 28 26 34 38 34 27 47 47

103
Abilene, Texas (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 50 60 24 36 50 42 38 41 60

1951 48 39 25 42 54 43 31 97 97

1952 42 30 23 46 46 40 44 54 54

1953 42 30 31 47 63 49 43 42 63

1954 40 32 46 46 43 49 49 54 54

1955 48 50 26 44 51 47 49 46 51

1956 44 33 35 42 43 40 41 53 53

1957 43 31 34 43 46 41 48 46 48

1958 49 36 26 37 37 38 49 49 49

1959 41 43 29 42 40 47 41 41 47

1960 35 39 29 36 42 48 52 42 52

1961 60 63 54 41 39 48 42 47 63

1962 48 40 26 47 37 39 47 51 51

1963 59 46 21 41 42 39 44 61 61

1964 39 38 38 42 39 39 34 51 51

1965 40 39 32 50 39 52 60 43 60

1966 39 40 22 44 42 38 43 46 46

1967 47 44 28 36 41 43 44 38 47

1968 42 41 39 44 44 41 47 50 50

1969 52 47 37 42 38 40 43 44 52

1970 37 37 34 42 50 56 48 44 56

1 <)71 4"^ 64 46 46 48 44 47 64

1972 48 57 21 48 38 42 48 56 57

1973 39 48 26 39 47 54 44 46 54

1974 37 42 27 46 47 39 44 44 47

1975 30 44 34 47 46 41 43 47 47

1 Q76 44 44 19 48 47

1977 39 33 28 41 42 37 47 39 47

1978 40 36 42 42 44 44 42 50 50

1979 39 30 37 42 42 41 41 50 50

i cITiOU V Al 7 HJ . ^ Lii 1 L'\ 9 AA Q SA S 1950- s(v) 6.5 9.5 7.6 4.3 5.6 5.5 5.3 10.5 9.7

1979 vinax 60 64 54 56 63 56 60 97 97

Vmin 30 30 21 36 37 32 31 38 46

Period v 45.9 40.7 31.1 42.1 44.8 43.3 43.5 51.7 56.9

1950- s(v) 7.0 10.3 9.1 3.6 7.2 4.2 5.9 13.8 12.3

1964 Vmax 60 63 54 47 63 49 52 97 97

Vmin 35 30 21 36 37 38 31 41 ^7

Period v 41.1 42.7 31.3 44.3 43.3 43.2 45.7 46.1 52.2

1965- s(v) 5.3 8.8 6.1 4.8 3.5 6.6 4.6 4.5 5.5

1979 vmax 52 64 42 56 50 56 60 56 64

Vmin 30 30 21 36 38 32 41 38 46

104
Corpus Christ! , Texas (1949-1975)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

VI? IK IN MIT 17Ci cir oh cD bW T.I w Directions

1 QAQ An jO1A AOty AHOA OAZD A7H/ AnHU AQHy

A'X ZO9A 17Jl A SI C7Jl 07Z/ 1 ft io AnHU Jl

1 O ^ 1 LIHI Ji 17Jl c c JJ /•A HO 1 Qiy 1 711 / 1 HJ c c JJ

AA ZJ

1^JJ A AHO AnHU O l» Zj ji tin jU J

1

An JZ 1A A1Hj AAHO OAZO 1 ft io AAHH AAHO

1 Q A7 zo jUin Al AnHU ZOOA 1 1 i i jH1A A7HI

1 QS^^ 1 yjD A7 Ji zyOQ Jl17 jO1R iH1 A iO1 ft AnHU LIHI

1 Q A ly JO A z07/ injU 17Jl HH 11J JIfi JO 11Ji ASHj

1 Q 7 Lyj/ Q Q Jo Qn 1 o JZ /.n H\J 17Jl onZU / Q HO OQzy /fi Ho

HD injU 10JZ 1JJ 1 1 ii 1 Qio i/i jH H J

1 O A 1 jZ oozy Hj 17jI 00ZZ 1 Qiy jZ10 ASH J

/i ^ HJ An 17Jl HU OAZH 10jZ AlHj AH SJ

1 1 RAJO 'f J

1"^ jj 17jI A'^ HJ A7H/ A"; Hj Aft OO Aft DO

1 Q£ 0 lyoz "30 jy 11JJ Anou 10JO oaZo 0^Zj 19jZ AnOU

lyb J jy hj 1

1

Ji JZ 10JZ 07Z/ IOjZ 17Jl jZ

lybH /. /. HH oozz 1

A

JO Hj OAZD 11Jj /iQ Hy AQHy

lyo J OAZo Ifi JO 1"; J J AlHJ

1 Qiy 1 Qiy jyIQ ASHj

1966 44 30 40 37 49 20 43 37 49

1967 56 39 78 66 43 33 27 46 78

1 yoo A 0 AO A1Hj A1Hj jy1Q iO1 ft jy AQHy AQHy

iyoy 17JI 1

1

Ji A 1 H i 1ft JO 1 ft io A"; Hj Jj11 ASHj

iy /u A'^ jl ^0jZ AlH i JO 1Z7 1 OQ "^7 Jl jySQ 1 9Q

1971 54 58 29 47 38 22 38 71 71

1972 44 36 38 51 36 27 41 47 51

iy/ 1 Q7 J An Jl17 ZOOA AAHO HZ HX ASHJ Aft Ly / H JO 1Qjy ZOOA AlHj AAHH ZOOR Z7OQ JJS^ JOSfi

1 Q7 ^ ly/

J

10jZ jZ10 ilJ J AnHU 9^ZJ ASHJ AlHX JS'^J

Period v 44.4 35.3 35.1 44.6 41.3 28.1 32.4 43.2 54.9

iQ/iQ_ t./»T^ ly^y— sv.v^

c 7 J. / QO.J1 Q A y . 0

7/ . Qy

Q 1 J . i Z91i • J II I1 SK . o XU1 n . Js X1 7/ 1 . X

1 fl 7 C 1975 vmax JO JO 7QlO AADO C7Jl izy 1 90 CIJi 71

/ i XZ1 9Q7 Vmin JJ zz00 zoOA "^0 JZ JZ 1

1

1

1

X X 29 4S

ircLXUU V HJ . J

"^7 8 33.4 42.

1

42.4 24.6 29.2 40.6 49.8

1949- s(v) 5.3 7.0 3.6 6.4 5.9 8.9 14.6 10.2 6.7

1961 Vmax 56 45 40 55 57 47 51 68 68

Vmin 35 25 29 32 35 11 11 29 45

Period v 45.4 37.6 36.6 46.9 40.4 31.4 35.3 45.6 59.6

1962- s(v) 6.0 9.1 12.9 8.7 4.3 28.4 8.0 10.6 22.2

1975 Vmax 58 58 78 66 49 129 45 71 129

Vmin 39 22 26 35 32 18 19 32 45

105
Salt Lake City, Utah (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR AT KIT? h oh b

T T W NW Directions

onJU 0 A ZD oZj / A 4d A O 4Z 0751 0 o JZ AnbU AnbU

1 Q 1 07-J / onZU onJU 07J / JO OQjy An4U OQjy An4U

1 Q t^O zyOQ 0"^ Z J JO Jo LI RA J J j4RA

1 Q CO iy5J Z5 on 0/. J4 0J5 OAJo OAJo A R 45 51 51

IOC/. 0 0 Z5 07LI c;n 5U A 7 4/ OAJb OAZb A O bJ A O bJ

1 n c c 1955 1 Q19 Z5 o o JJ 4o _»5 55 A 0 4J A 1 41 55

195d OAJo ZZ ooZJ 0 1; J5 A 0 4J A 0 4J O Q Zo 0 7 51 A O 43

1 Q t; "7 195/ 07LI 0 o ZJ 1 Qiy 07J/ A A 44 O 1 Jl A A 4b ooJJ A A4b

1 Q Q

Z_> 07z/ 1 Qly OAJo A A 44 onJU OAZb An4U A A 44

iy jy OQZo 0 1 07LI 0 0 JJ OAJo OQjy A 0 4 J

0751 A 0 4J

19d0 O 1 Jl O 0 ZJ o o LL 0/. J4 0 Q jy A A 44 OQjy 0751 A A 44

1 QCi 1 lybi /. Q 0 Q Zo OQzy /.n 4U A 7 4/ ^0jZ RAj4 A A 44 RAj4

iyt)z o/. Jh ly 0/. J4 ';a j4 A 1 41 A 1 41 A n4U RAj4

1 OA 0 0 7 J / OQZo OAZD /i 1 AQ'fo AQto 7n/ uRQJO 7n/u

1 QAA iyoM- KC\ jU 0 1 Z

onZU "^7 J / ^Q HO JD DJ OJ

lyoj 1 J 1 OQzy JU tu ^Q JU jU AnHU JU

lyoD /. A 1 Qio 00JZ 41 A A 44 A O 4Z OQJo A 7 4/ A 74/

1 Q A7 1 y 0/ / 1 O 1 Ji /.A 40 ^njU A 0 4Z OQzy AQ4o RnjU

1 Q AQ ly DO 0 0 ZJ OQJo OQJo Anou A 1 AnbU AnbU

1 yoy OQ ooJZ OQjy OQJo A Q 4o RnjU A Q 40 AQ4y RnjU

1970 36 29 29 37 47 40 39 51 51

1971 30 39 34 39 46 42 44 46 46

iy /z OQjy OQZo / 0 4Z A T Hi A 1 ORJo A 1 01 Albi

ly/

07 OQzy OOJ JOQJo OQJo A A 4b A 7 4/ A 7 4/ A 7 4/

1 Q7 /• 0 1 1 A ooJJ An4U E^n jU A 0 4Z 00JJ A A tin DU

1975 36 24 29 40 41 39 40 42 42

1976 32 20 21 38 48 40 48 54 54

1 Q77 ly / //• 7 OQzy OQzy OQJo A 0 4Z A O 4Z A 0 4J A A 44 A 7 4/

19 /o 4Z onJU ZZ 0 A J4 A 7 4/ A 7 4/ A A 44 RnjU RnjU

19/9 o o OAZb 0 0 JJ O Q zy A A 44 OQJo OQjy A 0 4Z A A 44

Period v 35.2 27.3 27.9 38.6 43.9 42.9 40.8 46.8 51.1

1950- s(.v; O f\ 6.Z C C 3. D

C 1 A A b. b o o y . z

Q Q O.O 7 0

/ . J 1979 Vmax 50 44 39 50 55 A nbO 7n/u A O bJ 7n/U

Vmin 19 16 1 o19 oozy

O A Jb onJU OAZb 00JJ An4U

Period v

OO 7 JZ . / OA 1 ZD . 1 OR 1 Z J . 1 OQ 7 Jo . / A'^ 0 4- J . z A 1 7 i • / A 1 R 'ti . J AR 0 . Z 3ZRO 0 . J 1950- s(v) 9.4 4.0 5.0 5.3 6.1 7.3 11.8 10.7 8.9

1964 Vmax 50 34 34 50 55 55 70 63 70

vmin 19 20 19 33 36 30 26 33 40

Period v 37.7 28.5 30.7 38.5 44.6 44.1 40.1 48.3 49.9

1965- s(v) 5.6 7.9 4.9 3.7 3.8 5.8 6.0 6.2 5.2

1979 vmax 47 44 39 46 50 60 48 61 61

^min 30 16 21 29 38 38 29 40 42

106
Madison, Wisconsin (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S sw w NW Directions

1950 40 47 40 43 25 74 70 43 74

1951 36 33 41 28 34 70 41 69 70

1952 43 35 27 31 36 44 39 34 44

1953 46 34 42 40 59 44 51 42 59

1954 32 28 37 25 29 66 41 38 66

1955 39 32 37 33 30 46 44 42 46

1956 31 42 34 27 33 39 44 39 44

1957 30 32 28 39 33 35 52 35 52

1958 34 37 34 25 35 42 41 33 42

1959 34 41 25 32 35 37 44 41 44

1960 32 42 29 42 35 55 35 42 55

1961 34 42 35 35 46 44 40 33 46

1962 40 35 32 38 36 44 55 34 55

1963 59 35 26 36 36 52 35 44 59

1964 40 32 27 30 45 53 51 63 63

1965 36 33 37 33 33 57 38 37 57

1966 30 29 34 27 51 33 38 42 51

1967 32 31 40 31 36 46 37 40 46

1968 33 33 31 35 37 40 59 38 59

1969 35 37 23 35 32 41 31 36 41

1970 30 27 42 42 34 41 40 62 62

1 Ql 1 ly /I 3o 3/ 33 JU 33 I.I, 1,1

1

1972 32 41 32 38 34 38 36 45 45

1973 32 37 27 31 36 34 34 51 51

1974 37 29 29 29 37 41 30 38 41

1975 30 37 40 34 32 47 46 36 47

1 Old JO 0 1 z/ j/ A7

1977 40 31 29 30 29 40 47 36 47

1978 34 29 26 33 29 37 31 35 37

1979 32 31 42 29 32 47 31 48 48

rerioa v Jo • Z

1/. Q JH . O"iO 7 5 0 Q JZ . 7

A'^ H J • 3 AH 1 S J. . JL\ Q J 11 . AH 1950- s(v) 6.3 4.9 6.2 5.1 6.9 10.3 9.3 8.9 9.2

1979 vmax 59 47 42 43 59 74 70 69 74

Vmin 30 27 21 25 25 33 30 33 37

Period v 38.0 36.5 32.9 33.6 36.5 49.7 45.5 42.1 54.6

1950- s(v) 7.5 5.2 5.7 6.0 8.2 12.0 9.1 10.5 10.4

1964 Vmax 59 47 42 43 59 74 70 69 74

Vmin 30 28 25 25 25 35 35 33 42

Period v 34.4 33.2 32.4 32.3 34.3 41.3 37.5 41.6 48.2

1965- s(v) 4.5 4.1 6.7 4.1 5.3 6.4 8.0 7.4 6.9

1979 v^ax 47 41 42 42 51 57 59 62 62

30 27 21 27 29 33 30 35 37

107
Sheridan, Wyoming (1958-1977)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1958 28 20 23 50 23 49 50 69 69

1959 41 25 19 29 25 40 38 60 60

1960 35 21 16 33 26 43 45 60 60

1961 25 18 29 35 27 47 38 59 59

1962 22 23 22 35 16 47 51 60 60

1963 30 14 23 32 35 63 48 56 63

1964 22 15 18 33 19 53 53 60 60

1965 33 31 20 33 18 68 43 56 68

1966 37 21 19 34 14 52 40 62 62

1967 44 14 17 41 37 52 42 63 63

1968 37 19 19 36 21 40 41 48 48

1969 29 17 16 37 22 54 34 68 68

1970 29 13 20 36 38 62 38 54 62

1971 33 16 22 31 22 50 31 48 50

1972 23 19 27 37 38 56 44 48 56

1973 29 23 19 32 16 47 40 66 66

1974 24 29 19 38 26 58 50 57 58

1975 22 22 19 28 29 40 33 52 52

1976 31 24 29 33 39 48 33 48 48

1977 44 20 19 41 37 34 44 57 57

Period v 30.9 20.2 20.8 35.2 26.4 50.2 41.8 57.6 59.5

1958- s(v) 7.1 4.8 3.8 4.8 8.3 8.6 6.4 6.5 6.3

1977 vmax 44 31 29 50 39 68 53 69 69

Vmin 22 13 16 28 14 34 31 48 48

Period v 31.7 20.2 20.6 35.5 24.0 51.4 44.8 60.5 62.4

1958- s(v) 7.7 5.3 3.8 5.9 7.7 8.6 5.5 3.7 3.5

1967 Vniax 44 31 29 50 37 68 53 69 69

Vmin 22 14 16 29 14 40 38 56 59

Period v 30.1 20.2 20.9 34.9 28.8 48.9 38.8 54.6 56.5

1968- s(v) 6.7 4.5 4.0 3.8 8.6 8.9 6.1 7.5 7.2

1977 vmax 44 29 29 41 39 62 50 68 68

Vmin 22 13 16 28 16 34 31 48 48

108
APPENDIX IV

LARGEST YEARLY FASTEST-MILE WIND SPEEDS AT 10 METERS ABOVE GROUND CORRESPONDING

TO DATA EXTRACTED FROM LOCAL CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA (LCD) SUMMARIES (IN MILES PER

HOUR).

Notes

1. The data listed In the appendix have not been corrected for "hidden" values

(see note 1, appendix I).

2. Also Included in this appendix are the following sample statistics:

V = sample mean

s(v) = sample standard deviation

Vmax ~ sample maximum

Vjnin = sample minimum

Sample statistics are provided for the entire record as well as for the

first and the second half of the record.

109
III
Atlanta, Georgia (1950-1956, 1964-1975)

Wind Direction

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW

Max. Winds

from all

Directions

1950 20 29 27 25 42 42 27 36 42

1951 32 20 22 31 34 31 32 38 38

1952 42 22 28 36 35 34 27 38 42

1953 31 60 29 29 30 34 38 46 60

1954 41 24 27 48 31 34 37 40 48

1955 27 24 29 43 31 43 37 35 43

1956 25 26 23 22 37 58 43 44 58

1964 32 39 31 47 27 38 47 42 47

1965 36 32 28 28 28 36 38 32 38

1966 58 33 28 34 26 33 38 44 58

1967 20 33 27 27 30 26 37 39 39

1968 20 29 31 30 32 43 32 39 43

1969 19 38 32 77 32 33 32 37 77

1970 32 30 30 37 26 28 34 37 37

1971 33 38 38 33 36 70 49 38 70

1972 34 42 31 28 30 36 49 43 49

1973 34 28 31 38 30 46 47 34 47

1974 33•J -J 52 38 28 34 34 53 49 53

1975 30 37 32 47 38 54 49 32 54

Period v 31.5 33.5 29.6 36.2 32.1 39.6 39.3 39.1 49.6

1950-56 s(v) 9.3 10.1 4.0 12.5 4.2 11.0 7.9 4.6 11.1

38 11f / 42 70 53 49 77

Vmin 19 20 22 22 26 26 27 32 37

Period v 31.8 30.7 27.1 34.3 32.8 38.9 36.2 39.0 46.2

1950-56 s(v) 7.2 12.4 2.9 9.6 4.7 8.2 6.7 4.5 8.0

1964-65 vmax 42 60 31 48 42 58 47 46 60

vmin 20 20 22 22 27 31 27 32 38

Period v 31.3 36.0 31.8 37.9 31.4 40.3 42.0 39.2 52.7

1966- s(v) 11.3 1.2 3.6 15.0 3.9 13.5 8.2 5.0 12.9

1975 Vmax 58 52 38 77 38 70 53 49 11

Vmin 19 28 27 27 26 26 32 32 31

1

111
Peoria, Illinois (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW

Max. Winds

from all

Directions

1950 32 39 27 41 49 56 50 39 56

1951 38 33 27 32 41 41 46 34 46

1952 46 46 25 28 38 51 40 43 51

1953 60 28 38 37 51 48 48 69 69

1954 31 38 31 30 39 50 43 48 50

1955 31 25 27 27 39 46 39 46 46

1956 29 28 28 27 32 51 60 39 60

1957 39 27 37 25 35 48 43 38 4i8 1958 28 27 24 22 41 55 40 41 55

1959 31 30 26 27 29 38 55 45

1960 40 44 19 41 32 37 42 52 5^

1961 32 29 33 36 30 48 44 38 48

1962 33 41 29 32 38 42 44 40 44

1963 34 31 29 36 33 42 42 46 46

1964 42 39 36 29 38 48 62 42 62

1965 36 32 28 30 38 47 57 39 ^7

1966 33 33 29 33 36 39 44 44 44

1967 36 34 32 41 41 43 44 51

1968 22 33 22 41 39 42 44 43

1969 33 33 42 32 33 32 48 37 4fe 1970 22 49 22 39 33 44 47 44 49

1971 28 38 22 36 39 52 47 51 52

1972 30 36 26 23 33 33 41 38 41

ZO J£. "^7 Jo "^7 1 AHOU DU

1974 32 34 31 31 33 39 54 40 54

1975 28 26 34 31 44 38 56 32 56

1976 27 32 31 29 32 38 48 46 48

1977 29 29 19 36 31 49 40 48 49

JX JO

1979 36 29 21 28 33 33 36 46 46

Period v 33.6 33.3 28.7 32.0 36.6 43.5 45.6 43.9 50.8

1950- s(v) 7.3 6.1 5.7 5.6 5.3 6.6 7.3 7.6 6.7

1Q7Q w AQ HZ HI ^1JL jO A9OZ Qy

vmin 22 25 19 22 29 32 31 32 38

Period v 36.4 33.7 29.1 31.3 37,7 46.7 46.5 44.0 52.5

1950- s(v) 8.3 6.9 5.2 5.8 6.3 5.7 7.2 8.3 7.0

1964 Vmax 60 46 38 41 51 56 62 69 69

Vmin 28 25 19 22 29 37 39 34 44

Period v 30.8 33.0 28.3 32.7 35.6 40.3 44.7 43.7 49.1

1965- s(v) 4.9 5.5 6.3 5.6 4.0 5.9 7.6 7.1 6.1

1979 vmax 38 49 42 41 44 52 57 60 60

Vmin 22 26 19 23 31 32 31 32 38

112
Minneapolis, Minnesota (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 28 25 32 34 31 44 43 41 44

1951 40 25 40 29 35 31 78 35 78

1952 34 34 36 27 29 28 36 44 44

1953 40 40 38 46 34 31 38 35 46

1954 30 29 39 35 30 38 32 38 39

1955 31 30 33 29 36 34 36 33 36

1956 31 29 36 36 38 32 31 40 40

1957 26 25 29 36 31 28 36 42 42

1958 37 34 36 31 31 66 38 45 66

1959 34 33 32 34 44 46 36 42 46

1960 36 30 / ft 40 30 36 33 36 46 46

1961 35 33 22 32 44 / ft 40 36 37 44

1962 55 27 43 36 31 41 52 45 55

1963 41 35 31 35 37 / ft 49 O ft 32 38 49

1964 / ft 40 32 27 / ft 40 37 48 57 bl 67

1965 34 25 '^ft 29 31 34 3/ 42 49 49

1966 44 62 32 31 38 42 41 43 62

1 ft^ T 1967 /I ft 69 27 43 33 35 y ft 49 34 62 69

1968 46 30 29 36 o ft 38 44 ft ^ 36 48 48

1969 46 31 20 *\ ft 38 34 41 C ft 59 O ft 33 59

1970 38 26 20 32 40 44 49 46 49

1971 35 36 29 35 35 46 44 46 46

1972 29 40 32 33 O ft 30 42 43 36 43

1973 35 48 30 42 33 / ft 40 ft / 24 36 48

1974 54 31 26 29 33 42 ft O 33 44 54

1975 38 40 42 37 37 44 35 55 55

1976 41 30 27 30 40 37 37 41 41

1977 32 33 26 35 43 36 45 1 ft 42 45

1978 37 32 31 29 30 / ft 40 / ft 43 37 43

1979 33 41 35 35 34 41 37 42 42

Period v 38.3 33.1 32.2 33.9 35.3 40.5 40.6 42.9 49.8

1950- s(v) 9.0 7.8 6.3 4.2 4.2 7.6 10.3 7.8 10.0

1979 vmax 69 62 43 46 44 66

7 ft 78 67 78

Vmin 26 25 20 21 Oft 29 o ft 28 24 33 36

irerxoa v "^n 7 41 .

1

41.9 49.5

1950- s(v) 7.0 4.3 5.6 4.8 4.7 10.2 12.5 8.0 11.9

1964 Vmax 55 40 43 46 44 66 78 67 78

Vmin 26 25 22 27 29 28 31 33 36

Period v 40.7 35.5 30.1 33.7 35.6 41.7 40.1 44.0 50.2

1965- s(v) 10.2 9.7 6.5 3.6 3.7 3.5 8.0 7.6 8.1

1979 Vniax 69 62 43 42 43 49 59 62 69

Vmin 29 25 20 29 30 36 24 33 41

113
Kansas City, Missouri (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 26 29 28 29 48 57 42 47 57

1951 40 34 24 32 35 51 47 55 55

1952 29 27 24 32 34 59 41 57 59

1953 31 23 26 36 42 40 51 32 51

1954 40 30 22 35 40 46 30 47 47

1955 29 22 20 24 41 44 38 30 44

1956 27 27 18 28 29 38 45 40 45

1957 40 28 27 25 28 34 32 45 45

1958 28 36 21 28 28 45 32 28 45

1959 40 23 29 23 28 36 42 38 42

1960 26 23 14 24 28 47 36 36 47

1961 25 36 31 35 28 36 24 35 36

1962 28 24 27 38 27 40 42 41 42

1963 33 31 22 25 30 46 33 35 46

1964 51 30 36 33 37 37 37 37 51

1965 47 41 23 41 39 38 36 34 47

1966 32 48 30 44 37 27 33 37 48

1967 33 26 25 36 36 42 40 45 45

1968 32 28 16 46 35 47 34 35 47

1969 34 34 22 50 35 59 51 49 59

1970 34 33 25 41 37 38 44 41 44

1 Q7 1 jD JO ZD JJ JO An AA A A 1972 34 37 29 23 37 50 49 46 50

1973 37 35 32 36 35 46 29 76 76

1974 32 35 46 44 38 44 33 41 46

1975 30 22 34 35 38 45 16 41 45

17/0 1 Q7 A 97 ZO "^7 ZJ

A1 ^A

1977 33 38 27 36 34 39 25 38 39

' 1978 28 30 30 38 26 36 28 50 50

1979 36 28 36 34 39 38 35 37 39

Period v JH . Z jU .o ZO . D AO Q 4Z • O jO . J AO n HZ . U

A Q O Ho . Z 1950- s(v) 7.1 6.3 6.5 7.1 5.4 7.4 8.4 9.4 7.6

1979 Vmax 54 48 46 50 48 59 51 76 76

^min 25 22 14 23 26 27 16 28 36

Period v 32.9 28.2 24.6 29.8 33.5 43.7 38.1 40.2 47.5

1950- s(v) 7.6 4.7 5.5 5.0 6.7 7.6 7.2 8.6 6.2

1964 Vmax 51 36 36 38 48 59 51 57 59

^min 25 22 14 23 27 34 24 28 36

Period v 35.5 33.3 28.5 38.3 36.3 41.8 34.5 43.8 49.0

1965- s(v) 6.7 6.7 7.0 6.5 3.3 7.3 9.4 10.2 9.0

1979 v^ax 54 48 46 50 40 59 51 76 76

Vmin 28 22 16 23 26 27 16 34 39

114
St. Louis, Missouri (1959-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S sw w NW Directions

1959 21 26 20 28 22 26 31 25 31

1960 23 18 30 36 37 28 35 37 37

1961 31 22 25 31 34 30 31 24 34

1962 19 30 21 31 31 37 37 31 31

1963 36 34 24 33 33 39 50 44 50

1964 31 40 41 67 44 42 50 50 67

1965 36 23 27 37 37 42 40 60 60

1966 36 27 30 36 31 41 36 53 53

1967 42 29 24 36 31 50 42 41 50

1968 30 47 29 43 32 42 46 38 47

1969 38 37 41 32 32 50 38 44 50

1970 32 41 32 47 37 32 43 38 47

ly /

1

0 AJU Jo 21 44 o o 38 47 42 42 47

1972 29 26 32 32 32 36 41 44 44

1973 48 27 34 47 44 42 44 36 48

1974 31 26 29 42 33 56 52 37 56

1975 28 38 32 40 36 44 44 46 46

1 Q7A Zo JU LI Jo 3/ 36 42

1977 36 29 11 40 37 47 46 44 47

1978 47 30 38 33 32 47 46 43 47

1979 37 38 22 41 31 34 38 44 44

Period V 32 .o 31.1 o o c 28.6 28.9 34 .

3

40. 2 40.9 40.8 46.6

1959- s(v) 7.5 1,2 6.3 8.4 4.8 8.3 6.6 8.4 8.8

1979 vmax 48 47 41 67 44 56 52 60 67

Vmin 19 18 20 28 22 26 11 24 31

Period v 30.5 29.6 27.1 37.8 33.2 36.7 38.8 40.3 46.0

1959- s(v) 7.5 8.7 6.0 11.1 5.7 8.3 8.1 11.8 12.4

1968 Vniax 42 47 41 67 44 50 50 60 67

Vmin 19 18 20 28 22 26 11 24 31

Period v 34.9 32.5 30.0 39.8 35.3 43.4 42.8 41.3 47.1

1969- s(v) 7.1 5.5 6.6 5.4 3.8 1,1 4.4 3.7 3.7

1979 Vniax 48 41 41 47 44 56 52 46 56

Vmin 28 26 21 32 31 32 37 36 42

115
Albany, New York (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

VP iN co on w MUINW Lixreccions

JJ Z790 o/ Zo9ft A7 JJ11 jU^n jU"in A70/

1 Q 1^ 1 Z790 Z9SJ Z790 Jl11 jZ19 ZZ99 AnHU jU•^n jU•in

1 7 J J jO1A Z9 JR 9"; Z J Z790 zu9n JH"^A AlHJ

JH jU iz1 9 Jl11 jZ19 z97/ AlHI Aft oo Aft oo

^79Q Z9^J Z91J An jwin 1lO A7H/ AlHI LlHI

9Q 91Z J jz19 9

Zl zo9R 9

e. 1 HJ A^H J HJ

JU 19jZ 11

9AZO jZ19 1 71 / 1AjO AHI1 L 1 Hi

17 j/ if J

1 017 9 1 Zl ^uAn 1'\ JJ19jZ A7 10jO A7HI

1 Q17 JO JO jUir> 97Z/ Z790 ZO9ft 1 1 11 HU jH1A AnH\J

l71 Q^QJ7 Zo9ft 9nzu 9ZJ ZO9ft jO1A Jl11 jH A7H / "lA

1 70U JJ j/17 Z91J Z9 J Z/97 jZ19 HH jH1A AAHH

1701 Z9 J

9'> Z J Zl9A zu9n AAHO zu9n jZ19 J710 AAHO

1

1 0A9 70<6 Z79Q jD1A A9f Z Z790 jO1A J11J A9HZ AAHO AAHO

1 OA 1 1 70 J jU Zo9ft 10 JJ11 jUin AlHI jU'%n J710 jUin

i yoH 97 lO1 A 1

1 7/ jo1ft Jl11 JH'^A HI J7 A7H/

1

1 QAS 7DJ AlHI zo9R ZH9A JO J J JH"^A AOHU AAHH AAHH

1 70D 9*^ z J 9A 9fi 11 fto JJ J / JO 40H7 AQH7

1 7U / JJ1 o 97 JJ J37/ J33J JV SO

1

1 QAA 7DO Z790 Jl11 1

1

ZO9fi jZ19 9Zl Aft HO A9HZ Aft HO

1707 97 IH1 A 1IZ9 J11J Jl11 AnHU A7H/ J11J A7Hi

1970 26 28 23 36 32 29 kl 33 47

1971 11 24 12 33 29 29 54 63 63

1 07 9 1 7 / Z ZH9A lO1 ft Z91J JZ19 ZZ99 AAHO LlH / A7Hi

1 7 / J Z790 Z/97 zu z/97 J17/ ZO9ft jO1R j710 J7

1

1 07A 7 / 97 9AZt ZZ99 J11J J17/ Z790 A9HZ ^9jZ jZ

1975 22 21 29 22 36 30 38 50 50

1976 33 24 11 24 37 22 44 53 53

1 Q77 17j/ 1 a17 1 ft lo 91Z J 19jZ Z91J HZA 9 LlHI A7

1 Q7Q 1 7 / O JO 9r> ZU 1 A10 9ft Zo Z790 1AjO 17j/ AlHj Al

17/7 1 Q7Q ZH9A 1

j1 1 71 / 99ZZ jO1A AOH7 H/ A9HZ AOH7

Period v 30.8 26.0 22.5 28.5 33.3 28.5 43.6 44.6 49.1

i7jU- 8\V) n /. j.H J. / lU. 7

c o J. 7 ^.0 O.H «; Q J. 7 o. Uc o 0.7

1979 vmax 45 37 bl 40 /. 74/ 47 D4 OO AQbo

Vmin 99ZZ IH 1

1 fi lo 97Z/ 1 1 1

jZ19 11JJ

10J7

Period v

11 O jl • 7 97 A Z/ . H 9A A ZO . H Z790 A. 0 11 1 J J . J zo9A n. u AAHH ^ . J AlHJ . J AOH7 A• O

1950- 8(v) 5.1 6.4 13.6 6.2 6.1 8.5 6.3 8.4 8.3

1964 Vmax 45 37 67 40 47 41 54 68 68

Vmin 25 16 12 20 27 11 32 34 40

Period v 29.7 24.7 18.6 27.4 33.3 31.1 42.7 45.8 48.5

1965- s(v) 5.6 4.9 5.4 5.6 2.7 7.8 5.5 7.8 5.3

1979 vmax 41 31 29 36 37 49 54 63 63

Vmin 22 14 11 18 29 21 33 33 39

116
New York (LaGuardia) , New York (1947-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1947 39 46 43 49 26 52 40 49 52

1948 31 54 28 31 28 35 25 46 54

1949 40 39 21 33 26 39 28 46 46

1950 37 31 33 56 27 31 50 42 56

1951 40 35 35 37 28 28 35 49 49

1952 35 35 49 37 26 39 30 46 49

1953 56 31 43 41 28 32 35 46 56

1954 41 41 21 54 28 33 35 49 54

1955 46 35 46 45 29 31 46 43 46

1956 53 45 45 25 26 26 47 43 53

1957 37 35 21 42 37 29 31 46 46

1958 35 56 31 27 26 31 31 52 56

1959 35 40 22 31 31 35 31 52 52

1960 31 58 27 29 26 32 37 41 58

1961 41 49 26 21 23 40 33 43 49

1962 26 35 39 37 29 36 24 60 60

1963 38 53 34 36 36 29 66 47 66

1964 32 66 21 47 31 48 42 47 66

1965 38 36 19 31 41 33 41 41 41

1966 27 44 27 39 37 29 57 50 57

1967 41 46 32 28 36 41 50 53 53

1968 41 74 38 47 44 43 48 47 74

1969 58 50 26 30 33 38 33 50 58

1970 32 40 52 29 42 39 50 41 52

1 Q7 1 Jo oZ 1,1, 1,1, Jo AO DZ DZ

1972 38 63 24 43 39 40 60 54 63

1973 33 44 27 29 42 38 42 39 44

1974 31 61 26 34 36 32 42 47 61

1975 38 36 37 29 31 44 50 42 50

ly /o ZU JO Z J jZ Dj HO JO

1977 28 60 32 32 32 60 47 50 60

1978 29 43 30 24 32 40 48 40 48

1979 36 38 48 38 58 50 46 41 58

Period V

o ^ o 36. o

A ^ C H0»0 3Z. J Jo . o

"3*5 1 JJ . J J/ . H

A411 Q. y AA 7 ^A B 1947- s(v) 8.1 11.4 9.4 9.1 7.5 10.2 4.8 7.1

1979 Vmax 58 74 52 56 58 60 66 60 74

Vmin 26 31 19 21 23 26 24 39 41

Period v 38.9 41.6 33.1 37.2 27.8 34.3 34.9 47.1 52.3

1947- s(v) 7.7 8.8 9.9 10.2 3.1 6.2 7.6 4.8 4.4

1962 Vniax 56 58 49 56 37 52 50 60 60

vmin 26 31 21 21 23 26 24 41 46

Period v 34.9 51.4 31.6 36.0 38,5 40.4 48.5 46.3 57.1

1963- s(v) 8.1 11.7 9.2 8.1 6.7 7.8 7.8 4.8 8.4

1979 Vniax 58 74 52 52 58 60 66 54 74

Vmin 27 36 19 24 31 29 33 39 41

117
Cape Hatteras, North Carolina (1917-1956)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E

CT T T.T W NW Directions

1 O 1 7 c;q JO /. T HJ 00zz TJ J

AHj TQjy AnHU c 1 Jl SQJO

1 Q 1 fi A4Z9 T 1 Ji A7H/ ZoOft 9 ^ Z J 7n/U ATH J AnHU /U

1 Q 1 Q f J JT'^J Z/97 JZTO JT 1

JHTA JOTft jyTQ ATHJ ATJ JOTft i^1 Q J/T7 z97/ ATHJ ATHJ AnHU ATHj

1 Q 0 1 JO TJJ T9jZ jyTQ 97Z/ ATH J AnHU AHZ0 ATHj

1 Q99 A7 JT7/ z97/ Z79Q JOTft OQzy AQHy AQHy

HZ jzT9 z99^ JXTl JT7/ JXTl AQHy AQHy AQHy

1

1 Q9A y ^iH JJ JZT9 97Z / HU ATHJ JssJ JT7/ JJss JJss

i y^D H J JOTft Ly9Q ATH J 07z/ 9Q AQHy HO AQHy

AH J T7J/ zyOQ AQHy jyTQ T7J / AOHZ ATHJ AQ

1 Q9 7 An JOTft iH1 A JT7/ zuon J/T7 ASHj 1:7 Jl 1:7 Jl

1

1 Q9H y^O ATH J J/T7 i1 AD JOTft JT7/ ATHJ ASHJ jyTQ ASHj

1

1 Q9Q y zy Aft Ho T^i J J Z9TJ ATH J jUTn ATH X ATHJ ASHJ AHHo

1

Q

1 7 JU JZ JTTJ X " HO JTSJ JoTO JOTft JXSI JZS"?

1 oil ly ji ATt J Z9Q7 iO1 A JTSJ T

J i JiTl jHSA Ji jHSA

1 y jz A7 AQHy zy9Q J/T7 T

J i ATHj AODZ AOHZ A9OZ

ly jj JOTft 7n iy1 Q A"; H J ZD9A jZTO ATHJ 0ftTJ

ftT OJ LyjH T7J / JT7/ i.y 1 Q zoOft JT7/ jlTl jZTO (CI D / A70/

ly1 Q T\J J A9hZ THJO Z/07 0 '^ Z J jUTn AQHy AOHZ jUsn jUsn 7T/ J JOTfi AnHO JO38 44 49H J 830J 8T0J

i

1 oil y J / DO jHTA zu9n ATHJ jOTft 07Z/ ASH J DH AA

1 y JO JOTft Zo9ft 1 0 i z AlHi ATH J JOTft jZSO AnDU DU

I yjy 9 JZ T 1 Ji 0 9 zz T 1 ji 9QZo T7j/ TOiy 7

1

1

1 QAn y tu AQty AAHO ZH9A AHi1 JTSJ jZT9 ZO9ft AnDU AnDU

1 Q/i 1 lyti A 1 07Z/ 1 AiO T 1 Ji T7j/ 97Z/ Tft jO c 1 Jl CIJl

1 Q/i 9 1 y tz JOTft jUTn ZZ99 AH 1i jUTn jHTA AlHi AlHI AlHI

1 Q/i T 1 y't JA 1 9 AZo 1 AiO OAZH jOTft jHTA T7 ASHj ASHJ

1 Q A A T7J / Zo9ft zu9n T7J / ASH J JiTl jyTQ Jl CIJl

1 OA Any0 07Z/ T7j/ 97Z / TSJJ ZO9ft ATH J

CIJl CIJl

1 QAA '^9 JZ AHi1 9 '^ Z J JT^^J AlH i jZT9 AlH i jOTft JZ 1947 39 37 24 33 35 39 48 39 48

1948 39 60 32 22 44 40 35 33 60

xyHy J/T7 Zo9R 9AZH JUTn JTTJ jyTQ JT7/ Aft DO QO

1 Q "^n iy ju jHTA jUTn ZZ99 AnHU JTSJ A9HZ JT7/ JlT7 HZ

i

1 Qy Jm

jZT9 TJ J 9HZo jHTA TSJ J HH AAHH TSJ J AAHH 1952 32 29 20 42 26 44 30 46 46

1953 45 27 27 71 61 44 37 46 71

1 01 y j't T"; J J AnHU T7j/ E\9 jZ TTJJ S9jZ T7JI 79/ z 79 ly1 Q J J

Af> HU JD A^^ HJA 1 Di AT0 J A9HZ ATH J AOHZ ATOJ

1 y JO A7H / A7H / 9 1 Z i ZD9A AnHU Aft HO jyTQ jyTQ HO

Period v 43.6 36.7 24.2 37.4 35.5 38.9 41.3 50.3 55.5

LyL/— S\V

)

Q A y . H7 A O 7 y . /

ft A 0 . D

ft s O.J A 7 D. /1 9 s iZ . J 11 .

1 O ^ A TT 195b Vmax 7 '3 / J 7n/u A 7 HI 7 1 / i ATD J 7n/u A9oZ ftT OJ OJftT Vmin OAZD 1 0iZ 09zz ZU9n 97z/ ZO9ft TTJJ AlHI

Period v f J • u JOTft . nU Z9TJ ft . O TAJD ft . o JZT9 . JT AnHU . nU ATH J . Z0 JS 1 1 1 . i JSSJ . JS 1917- s(v) 8.4 8.7 7.5 6.7 6.4 9.9 7.3 12.9 12.0

1936 Vmax 73 70 47 49 45 70 62 83 '83 Vmin 35 29 14 25 20 29 29 39 43

Period v 42.2 35.4 Ik.l 38.1 38.8 37.7 39.5 49.5 55.5

1937- s(v) 8.4 10,0 7.9 12.2 9.4 7.0 5.5 12.4 10.4

1956 Vniax 66 60 45 71 63 52 52 72 72 Vmin 32 26 12 22 26 27 28 33 41

118
Cleveland, Ohio (1950-1976)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S sw w NW Directions

1950 29 26 28 26 31 53 42 38 53

1951 39 24 23 26 32 38 58 36 58

1952 33 30 18 27 25 50 50 31 50

1953 32 21 19 29 50 44 56 40 56

1954 30 22 23 37 26 52 41 38 52

1955 38 23 18 24 30 61 47 38 61

1956 41 28 20 25 38 50 53 49 53

1957 33 29 22 29 44 55 44 32 55

1958 28 27 21 29 37 48 42 38 48

1959 33 21 27 30 33 57 46 49 57

1960 47 29 31 32 41 33 41 34 47

1961 29 32 36 27 38 44 36 48 48

1962 42 26 19 27 34 41 41 41 42

1963 32 28 18 33 63 47 44 37 63

1964 29 42 26 32 37 53 48 34 53

1965 32 38 28 47 40 44 48 42 48

1966 36 37 36 28 40 44 39 32 44

1967 32 33 21 26 36 39 59 34 59

1968 39 42 26 36 38 44 39 29 44

1969 44 39 30 30 42 39 33 36 44

1970 29 29 32 33 38 50 47 44 50

1971 38 29 19 24 30 54 47 40 54

1972 32 34 31 33 43 52 44 37 52

1973 27 32 21 36 38 41 38 32 41

1974 29 38 18 44 30 50 56 36 56

1975 28 37 28 31 34 50 44 41 50

1976 29 33 13 23 44 54 37 33 54

Period v 33.7 30.7 24.1 30.5 37.5 47.7 45.2 37.7 51.6

1950- s(v) 5.5 6.2 6.0 5.8 7.7 6.6 6.8 5.3 5.7

1976 Vmax 47 42 36 47 63 61 59 49 63

^min 27 21 13 23 25 33 33 29 41

Period v 34.9 26.0 23.5 28.3 35.3 48.2 45.9 39.4 52.3

1950- s(v) 5.9 3.6 5.5 3.4 7.1 7.9 6.6 6.0 5.2

1962 vmax 47 32 36 37 50 61 58 49 61

Vmin 28 21 18 24 25 33 36 31 42

Period v 32.6 35.1 24.8 32.6 39.5 47.2 44.5 36.2 50.9

1963- s(v) 4.9 4.6 6.6 6.8 8.0 5.4 7.2 4.3 6.3

1976 Vmax 44 42 36 47 63 54 59 44 63

Vmin 27 28 13 23 30 39 33 29 41

119
Chattanaoga, Tennessee (1941-1974)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE s SW w Directions

1941 22 22 1 ft 10 O ft 29 o y 24 o c 35 O C 35 O 1 31 o c 35

1942 28 23 25 23 /. o 4Z /. o 4Z /. o 4Z A A40 A O 42

1943 35 24 Oft 20 31 34 o o ZJ 45 A O 43 A C 45

1944 26 23 15 23 Ju o o JZ o o Jo A O 4J A O 43

1945 O ft 29 34 1 ft 19 OO28 34 o c J5 OA30 o O 33 o c 35

1946 29 31 22 O C 35 O36 ti o 62 c y 54 O O 38 ^ O 62

1947 23 28 O / 24 o o 22 O O 28 45 71 64 71

1948 24 28 O O 28 o o 32 OO33 41 C A 54 OA30 C A 54

1949 ft 29 56 14 Oft 20 onzy

0 o JZ /. 1 41 O 1 31 3o

1 ft C A 1950 11 25 1 Q JU /. 1 41 OQJo o/. J4 OAJ4 A 1 41

1 ft C 1 1951 38 21 0 1 0/. o 4o /. o 4Z j/ C7

1 ft C 1 1952 27 28 15 1. 7 4/ o o JZ 40 C75/ A 0 4J C75/

1 ft C O 1953 o c Z5 2.1

1 -7 1/ 4z otJo OQJo 4j DU OU

1 ft C A 1954 /O ZU OQzy 07J/ OOJZ A A 44 /•A 44

1 ft c c 1955 o o ZJ ooJZ L2. 07LI 07il 4D / o 4Z A 1 41 A e: 4D

lyDD O 1 Jo 1 c 1

OQ 00jZ 07J/ C 1 Di A 0 4Z J>1 1957 ooLL Id OQzy OOJZ C 1 Jl C 1 ji 0

Ji c 1 Jl

1 ft C O 1958 21 O 1 21 41 1 o18 O 1 31 /. 7

"tl

/. o 4Z o o JZ A 7 4/

1 ft C ft 1959 23 Oft 20 O 1 21 O 1 Zl O 7 LI C 0

_>J OOJJ OAJU ROJJ

1 ft ^ ft 1960 27 31 1 o 12 o /. Z4 OOZo 41 or> JO OQjy A 1 41

1 ft ^ 1 1961 22 23 1 / O 1 Zl /. 1 41 OOJZ 41 OAJU A 1 41

1 ft ^ O 1962 25 24 1 c 15 y OOJZ or\ ZU OQJo OQJo OQJo

1 ft ^ 1963 34 22 15 O 1 Zl O 0 ZJ OOJZ 0 1 Ji 07il 07il

1964 33 26 18 29 o o 32 49 07il o o JZ AO4y

1965 28 24 19 22 28 37 33 48 48

1966 32 42 26 30 38 29 37 33 42

1 ft /! "7 1967 / ft 40 O ft 29 1/ O O 23 O O 32 o/. 34 OQzy 0 o JJ An4U

1968 34 24 1 / 14 Oft 29 O ft 29 o o 38 o o 32 o o JZ OO38

n r\ / ft 1969 26 '5 ft 30 14 o o 32 o o JJ OA34 o o JZ 0 7 il 07il

1970 29 28 21 30 33 39 28 37 39

1971 33 33 29 28 28 37 32 30 37

1972 32 29 23 31 32 31 o o 23 y ft 40 A A40

1973 26 37 14 32 33 y o 42 O 1 31 o H 36 A O 42

1974 22 34 1 o 18 o o 33 Oft 30 A 1 41 A A40 07il A 1 41

Period v 27.8 28.3 19.7 27.5 32.2 38.7 39.2 38.4 45.9

1941- s(v) 5.0 1.1 6.3 7.1 4.4 8.3 10.0 8.5 8.7

1974 vmax 40 56 41 47 y o 42 62 71 64 71

Vmin 21 20 1 ft 10 9

o o ZJ onZO o o ZJ OAJU O R

J->

Period v 2.1 »\J 1 Q 7 9Q ^ J J . Z Ar> 1 LL Q L 1 S LCk Q

1941- s(v) 4.6 8.4 5.6 7.3 4.6 8.7 10.5 10.3 9.9

1957 vmax 38 56 31 47 42 62 71 64 71

Vmin 22 21 10 20 24 23 30 30 35

Period v 28.6 28.1 19.6 25.5 31.2 37.4 33.5 35.4 41.8

1958- s(v) 5.3 6.0 7.1 6.4 4.2 8.0 5.1 4.6 4.7

1967 Vmax 40 42 41 33 41 53 42 48 53

Vmin 21 20 14 9 23 20 23 30 37

120
Nashville, Tennessee (1950-1974)

Wind Directon

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW W NW Directions

1950 29 30 13 30 36 28 32 45 45

1951 32 22 14 30 30 37 54 44 54

1952 24 28 20 40 28 35 38 67 67

1953 35 19 27 29 29 28 36 69 69

1954 40 28 22 23 32 32 36 40 40

1955 29 25 19 21 27 26 49 39 49

1956 34 25 24 28 28 28 44 45 45

1957 40 19 22 31 33 31 38 37 40

1958 36 21 18 25 40 30 58 43 58

1959 27 18 16 20 40 40 40 34 40

1960 48 16 18 32 34 30 38 40 48

1961 21 15 31 31 25 41 40 32 41

1962 34 21 23 22 39 34 35 47 47

1963 28 29 13 24 36 40 39 50 50

1964 28 20 16 34 26 34 41 45 45

1965 31 36 23 30 37 42 32 50 50

1966 28 35 20 37 39 32 28 53 53

1967 21 25 16 30 36 38 32 33 38

1968 23 31 17 34 36 44 30 32 44

1969 19 35 13 31 31 40 44 38 44

1970 20 22 16 40 34 40 38 36 40

1971 30 37 18 36 44 38 26 33 44

1972 39 31 15 31 32 41 46 49 49

1973 20 28 23 35 35 39 33 37 39

1974 21 34 21 38 37 38 37 37 38

Period v 29.5 26 .0 in 1 19.

1

30.5 33.8 35.4 38.

6

43.0 47 .

1

1950- s(v) 7.6 6.6 4.5 5.7 4.9 5.2 7.6 9.7 8.2

1974 Vmax 48 37 31 40 44 44 58 69 69

Vmin 19 15 13 20 25 26 26 32 38

Period v 32.9 22.2 20.3 28.3 31.8 32.2 41.9 44.6 49.7

1950- s(v) 7.6 5.0 5.2 5.5 4.9 5.0 7.9 11.7 10.3

1961 Vmax 48 30 31 40 40 41 58 69 69

Vmin 21 15 13 20 25 26 32 32 40

Period v 26.3 29.5 18.0 32.5 35.5 38.5 35.5 41.5 44.7

1962- s(v) 6.2 6.0 3.7 5.2 4.4 3.4 6.1 7.6 5.0

1974 Vmax 39 37 23 40 44 44 46 53 53

Vmin 19 20 13 22 26 32 26 32 38

121
Richmond, Virginia (1951-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

VDI Is. IN

IT c0 ow uw INW uirecuions

1 Q 1 zy zy9Q 9Qzy zy9Q zy9Q jy90 zy9Q 9"; JJ 9Qjy

1 Q '^9

J. 7 JZ 97 ZD9A Zh9A A'^ H J zy9Q ZO9ft Zj99 Hj A R LyjJ Z J

9'3 Zj 9 "3 Z J 9AZO 9Z J

9ft Zo 97Z/ 9Qzy 90zy

9"^ Z J9"^ Z J

9"^ Z J J7 ZD9A 97 9'^ Z J jy9Q jy

zy9Q zy9Q 9"^ Z J zy9Q 9"^ Zj jZ99 ZU9n Aft Ho Aft 9 9 ZZ zy9Q 1 AID z97/ ZD9A JH9A 9'^ Zj zy90 9A

1 Q ^ 7 9 T Z J9

Z J 99Z J J J

A 9 99J J 9AZO 90zy /. 9

1 y JO 9Z J zy9Q 9A zy9Q Zj99 Zj99 Z9 9J zy90 9A

1

1 Qy jy Z9 J z97/ Z9 JS JU J J z.y 9Q Z79Q z97/ JJ

1 you Z97/ ZH9A ZD9A Zl9 1 Z79Q Z99J 9ft ZO J99J J99J

1 Q^l JO 9A JO'^ft j^^9 A9 J91

J97/ A9

JU ZO9ft 11 Qy

"^0 J\J ADHU JH JZ99 J99J JU

iyoj "^9 JZ ZD9A 1 Q ZZ99 97z / £.y 9Q AlH 1 JO9ft AlHi

JH JO 90 9

9A AA JU JO98 AAHH

J7 JZ^9 91 JU 9A JO j^99 JO98 OQJ?

11 QA^ yuu JO 9A 9A 9Qy 97 JO J99^ AAHH

11 QA7 7 o / ju Z79Q 1

1 7/ ^u90 1-7 1Q A9H^ J J J97/ A9H^

1 QAA Z9Q7 J 11 Z9^J 9A J 1 AAHH 98 JD9A AAHH

1

1 QAQ yoy JO J J ID1 A ZO9R ZH9A JD9A JZ99 J/97 JO9ft 1970 32 28 19 22 28 32 40 34 40

1971 32 29 19 27 19 44 34 48 48

ly1 Q79/ £. Z9Q7 cy9Q 97 jy ^09R j^ J91

AAHH AAHH

1 Q7 9Qi.y oy ZH9A ZO z9 11 J97/ J79Q JZS9 jz

1

1 Q7A 7 / H Z97/ Z J

"^9 JZ Ly1 Q 1 A J79Q ZD9A JH9A J79Q

1975 24 33 22 20 19 38 38 44 44

1976 29 28 22 24 23 34 38 37 38

i

1 Q77 y / / J J jy ly1 Q jD 1 y JD9A JZ99 A9HZ A9HZ

i y / o Z97/ jU 1

1 Qy Z9 1i zt9A LIH / JZ99 J99J A7H/

i

1 Q7Q y / y J 1 ZD9A ZZ99 Z79Q JJ JO9ft J/97 Aft HO Aft HO

Period v 30.0 28.6 22.8 28.7 26.5 35.3 31.0 37.4 42.2

lyji— S\.v; D.J /. / A. 4 4. J 0.4 A 9 D.J A R O.J c c J.J A A 0.0 A 9 O.J

1979 Vmax jU jy 9AJH jy /. 9 It 1 H i ^9jZ jy

^min 99ZZ 9"^ Z J

1 AiD 1

Q

ly 1 A Z99J ZU9n Z97/ jj99

Va^^ ft/1 ZO9ft ft . o ZD9A . Qy

9"^ Z J . Q7 J i1 » AH Z79Q . AD J911 . 80 ^97/ . 80 JH9A . Qy AlHI 1 . 1 1951- s(v) 7.8 3.6 4.8 10.1 5.9 6.4 5.1 6.3 8.0

1963 Vmax 50 36 34 59 43 44 41 48 59

^min 22 23 16 21 23 23 20 11 33

Period v 31.1 30.2 21.7 26.3 23.5 38.6 34.0 39.7 43.3

1964- s(v) 4.4 4.6 4.1 5.8 5.2 4.6 4.2 6.2 4.2

1979 vniax 39 39 32 39 33 47 40 52 52

Vmin 24 23 16 19 14 32 26 32 38

122
Lander, Wyoming (1950-1979)

Wind Direction

Max. Winds

from all

YR N NE E SE S SW w NW Directions

1950 26 29 17 34 50 71 57 40 71

1951 38 36 57 31 59 60 58 44 60

1952 36 33 22 36 48 50 51 30 51

1953 46 40 17 30 51 62 55 48 62

1954 29 29 18 23 57 60 55 44 60

1955 22 33 30 33 48 73 67 55 73

1956 26 31 30 46 29 53 57 38 57

1957 26 26 30 25 43 78 51 50 78

1958 35 29 24 34 40 66 75 38 75

1959 37 42 24 35 33 57 50 45 57

1960 24 32 18 19 42 61 45 34 61

1961 33 30 20 30 38 57 65 56 65

1962 23 33 15 26 43 52 56 42 56

1963 40 29 21 26 43 56 38 34 56

1964 24 28 14 26 40 73 47 46 73

1965 32 26 33 31 29 56 59 52 59

1966 33 32 34 21 43 66 61 34 66

1967 31 29 20 23 42 73 50 51 73

1968 38 29 20 29 36 43 50 42 50

1969 25 32 16 22 57 57 50 43 57

1970 29 29 16 18 50 60 54 34 60

1971 32 29 16 30 31 61 47 34 61

1972 28 30 18 31 36 80 50 45 80

1973 27 26 16 17 34 45 45 40 45

1974 27 22 22 29 44 70 43 34 70

1975 39 25 21 29 34 47 43 32 47

1976 23 28 32 25 40 45 40 33 45

1977 19 31 18 35 45 50 42 47 50

1978 32 28 23 35 38 46 44 44 46

1979 21 28 24 26 33 61 47 28 61

Period v 30.0 30.

1

22.9 28.5 41 .9 59.6 51 .

7

41 .2 60.8

1950- s(v) 6.5 4.1 8.6 6.3 8.1 10.2 8.4 7.5 10.0

1979 Vmax 46 42 57 46 59 80 75 56 80

19 22 14 17 29 43 38 28 45

Period v 31.0 32.0 23.8 30.3 44.3 61.9 55.1 42.9 63.7

1950- s(v) 7.4 4.4 10.6 6.6 8.2 8.5 9.1 7.5 8.3

1964 vmax 46 42 57 46 59 78 75 56 78

Vmin 22 26 14 19 29 50 38 30 51

Period v 29.1 28.3 21.9 26.7 39.5 57.3 48.3 39.5 58.0

1965- s(v) 5.7 2.7 6.3 5.6 7.5 11.4 6.1 7.4 10.9

1979 vmax 39 32 34 35 57 80 61 52 80

19 22 16 17 29 43 40 28 45

i^U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: ISA** '21 997 26

123
U.S. DEPT. OF COMM.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA

SHEET (See instructions)

1. PUBLICATION OR

REPORT NO.

NBS BSS 160

2. Performing Organ. Report NoJ 3. Publication Date

March 1984

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

Directional Extreme Wind Speed Data for the Design of Buildings

and Other Structures

5. AUTHOR(S)

Michael J. Changery, Eugene J, Dumitriu-Valcea, Emil Simiu

6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION (If joint or other than NBS. see /n struct/on

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20234

7. Contract/Grant No.

8. Type of Report & Period Covered

Final

9. SPONSORING ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (Street. City. State, ZIP)

National Science Foundation

Washington, DC 20550

10. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 84-601008

I I Document describes a computer program; SF-185, FlPS Software Summary, is attached.

11. ABSTRACT f A 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information, /document includes a significant

bibliography or literature survey, mention it here)

The purpose of this report is to provide largest yearly fastest-mile wind speed

data corresponding to winds blowing from each octant at 37 airport stations in

the United States. Four sets of data are presented. The first set consists of

largest yearly fastest-mile wind speeds at 24 stations as extracted from original

records. The second set consists of largest yearly fastest-mile wind speeds at

13 stations as extracted from Local Climatological Data (LCD) summaries. The

third and fourth sets consist of the data from the first and second sets reduced

to a height of 10 m above ground. The report also provides information on possible

differences between extreme data extracted from original records on the one hand

and from LCD summaries on the other hand. Procedures for estimating extreme

wind effects that take into account the directional characteristics of the

extreme wind climate and of the aerodynamic behavior of the structure are briefly

reviewed, and it is noted that additional research on sampling errors in the

estimation of extreme wind effects appears to be warranted.

12. KEY WORDS (S/x to twelve entries; alphabetical order; capitalize only proper names; and separate key words by semicolons)

aerodynamics; climatology; directionality; reliability; structural engineering;

wind engineering; wind speeds.

13. AVAILABILITY

[3 Unlimited

I I For Official Distribution. Do Not Release to NTIS

Order From Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

20402.

O'"*^®'' From National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA, 22161

14. NO. OF

PRINTED PAGES

123

15. Price

USCOMM-DC 6043-P80


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