NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS REPORT

UI1.38

SPECTROPHDTOME1RIC AND CALORIMETRIC

STUDY OF THE FADING OF

DIED PAPERS AND CARDBOARDS

UNDER NATURAL DAYLIGHT

BY

Harry J. Keegan,

John C. Schleter,

Wiley A. Hall, Jr.,

and

Gladys M. Haas.

To

Uo S. Department of the Air Force

Aerial Reconnaissance Laboratory

Wright Air Development Center

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Sinclair Weeks, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

A. V. Astin, Director

THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

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NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS REPORT

NBS PROJECT NBS REPORT

0201-20-2325 December, 1955 U+38

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND COLORIMETRIC

STUDY OF THE FADING OF

DYED PAPERS AND CARDBOARDS

UNDER NATURAL DAYLIGHT

By

Harry J. Keegan,

John C. Schleter,

Wiley A. Hall, Jr,,

and

Gladys M, Haas,

Photometry and Colorimetry Section

Optics and Metrology Division

To

U. S. Department of the Air Force

Aerial Reconnaissance Laboratory

Wright Air Development Colter

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio

Air Force Contract No, AF 33(616) 52-21

Task Number 6210U

<NBS>

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The publication, repri Approved for public release by the

unless permission is ob director of the National Institute of

25 ,d.c. Suchpermis Standards and Technology (NIST)

cal ly prepared if that on October 9, 2015

part, is prohibited

lards, Washington

t has been specifirt for its own use,
'

'

< ::r. ititgi V> ? a -.-i .fc«ewiC«» Wsl* r ^ **i
PREFACE

This is one of a series of MBS reports of spec trophotome trie

and colorimetric work done under NBS Project No. 0201 - 20 - 2325

entitled Color Reconnaissance Studies, financed by the Aerial

Reconnaissance Laboratory, Wright Air Development Center,

Wiright - Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio; Air Force Contract No.

33(616) 52-21. It is coordinated with Air Force Contract No.

33(616)- 262 under Dr. Hugh T. 0*Neill, 0

1 Ne ill Associates,

Annapolis, Maryland, who requested the NBS to perform this

fading test of dyed papers and cardboards for a ten-month

period of exposure to natural daylight.

Harry J. Keegan

Project Leader
.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND COLORIMETRIC

STUDY OF THE FADING OF

DYED PAPERS AND CARDBOARDS

UNDER NATURAL DAYLIGHT

Harry J. Keegan, John Co Schieter, Wiley Ao Hall, Jr.,

and Gladys Mo Haas *

Abstract

In the study of color photographs, either taken on the ground or in

the air, some indication of the control of the color reproduction must

be maintained. Accordingly, in the beginning of these color reconnaissance

studies, and possibly before this time, Dr. Hugh T. 0*Neill, 0* Neill

Associates, Annapolis, Maryland, purchased a quantity of each of the 22

dyed papers and cardboards of this test for use as working standards of

color to supplement other more accurate standards as a guide of ’’color

registers” on aerial color film.

A spec trophotome trie and colorimetric study was made of the permanence

of these color standards kept in dark storage and of the fading of these

standards when exposed behind glass to natural North skylight and South

sunlight for periods of two and of ten months. Measurements of spectral

directional reflectance were made for the visible spectrum I4 OO to 750 millimicrons for each of these seven conditions of storage or of time of exposures.

From these measurements were derived C. I. E. chromaticity coordinates,

daylight reflectances, Munsell renotations, ISCC-NBS color designations,

and color differences in NBS units (AE). From this information, predictions may be made of the time change of these paper colors from the day

that they are removed from dark storage to the day that they are discarded

in the field as being unfit to remain as reference standards.

Contents

Page

2

3

h

5

6

III. Spec trophotometrie Measurements. ......

IV. Colorimetric Computations. . ...........

V. Munsell Renotations and ISCC-NBS Color

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0000660000 © ©

VI. Color-Difference Computations. ........

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0906000 0000060

6

6

* Miss Haas is at present employed at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard,

San Francisco, California.

- 2 -

Contents (Continued)

VII. Bond-Paper Colors.. . 6

Figures 1 to lU 8-21

Tables II to IV. 22-2U

VIII. Mimeo-Bond Paper Colors . * 25

Figures 15 to 37....... 26-U8

Tables V to VII h9~5k

IX. Onion-Skin Paper Colors 55

Figures 38 to 57 56-75

Tables VIII to X 76-81

X. Railroad Tag-Board Colors 82

Figures 58 to 7U 83-99

Tables XI to XIII 100-102

XI. Summary 103

XII. Conclusions 103

XIII. Bibliography 10U

Appendix A 106

Appendix B.. 159

I. Introduction

The overall objective of this Air Force investigation is stated as

follows: "To develop by visible, near infrared, and near ultraviolet

spectrophotometry, methods for the detection of objects from color reconnaissance; to study the colors, tonal contrast, and color separation necessary in aerial photography to yield maximum information; to determine the

wavelength region at which the film manufacturer should strive to obtain

maximum sensitivity to yield clear separation of an object from its

adjacent area rather than to yield true color fidelity; to determine the

characteristics required in a sensitized material for the rapid and accurate extraction of this information”.

The present report pertains to the materials to be used in the methods

for the detection of objects from color reconnaissance. It especially

pertains to the behavior of working standard colored materials under conditions of sun and skylight illumination during field use in the color

photography of the terrain, or of other objects, and of a reference of

these colors to their color transparencies or to color opaque reproductions

of a given scene.

To fulfill the request of this study, seven separate spectral directional reflectance measurements have been made for the visible spectrum,

U00 to 750 millimicrons, for each of the twenty- two colored papers. Three

samples of each were selected. One was measured three times: (1) at the

start of the study, (2) after two months of dark storage, and (3) after

eight more months of dark storage. The other two samples were exposed
,

'
- 3 -

to natural daylight transmitted by window glass , one to sky-light transmitted by a window facing north, the other to daylight (sun plus sky)

transmitted by a window facing south, and measured at the end of two

months, and finally at the end of eight more months, making ten months

in all. Colorimetric computations have been made for each of these seven

conditions of dark storage or of exposure to natural daylight to obtain

chromatic ity coordinates and daylight reflectances for the International

Commission on Illumination (Co I. E») standard observer and coordinate

system of colorimetry for CoIoEo Source C, representative of average daylight. In addition, these CoIoEo cbromaticity coordinates and daylight

reflectances have been converted into terms of the Mansell renotation

system and into the ISCC-NBS (Inter-Society Color Council - National

Bureau of Standards) system of color name designations. Further, color

differences have been computed for each of these seven conditions of color

changes in terms of the 1©S unit of color difference, obtained in this

case by means of the method developed by the late Dr* I. H. Godlove, Central

Research Laboratory, General Aniline and Film Corporation, Easton, Penna.

Illustrations show these changes in the form of graphs of spectral

directional reflectances, of chromaticity coordinates, of Munsell renotations, and of NBS units of color differences.

The method of measurement and computation is that requested in the

original project proposal and used in the two previous reports of this

project y., 2 \.#

It is believed that this -type of information will assist in selecting

a suitable working standard for the control of the color reproductions of

this project and that this information is a necessary step towards attaining the overall objective of this investigation*

lie Material

The papers and cardboards of this study, purchased in quantity by

Dr. Hugh To 0

s Neill, O’Neill Associates, Annapolis, Maryland, were described

as follows 2 - “four differently colored bond (13 lb.) paper (Blue, Pink,

Green, and Yellow); seven differently colored mimeo-bond paper (Blue,

Tuscan, Green, Orange, Pink, Dull Yellow, aid Bright Yellow); six differently colored onion-skin paper, all of the same weight (Blue, Green, Orange,

Pink, Canary Yellow, and Yellow); and five differently colored Railroad

Tag Board 6 ply (Blue, Green, Buff, Yellow, and Red)”* The size of these

twenty-two colored papers when delivered for study was 8-1/2 by 11 inches*

From these papers, three sets of 2 by U inch samples were cut, and one set

was marked for initial spectropho tome trie measurements. Three thicknesses

of each paper were used for backing and the composite four thicknesses of

paper were backed with a wooden block covered with black paper for all of

the spectrophotome trie measurements. In the ease of the Railroad Tag

•^Figures in brackets indicate the index reference, pages ICl; and 105 of this

report.

Board, a single thickness was almost completely opaque so that only one

thickness was used with the same wooden block covered with black paper as backing for all of its measurements. Positioning marks were made on the

rear side of each measured sample so that the same area of the sample

could be measured in any future re-run of the samples.

This selected set of samples of each of the twenty-two colors was

measured on January 7 and 8, 1953, and then was filed in dark storage in

Room 208 East Building, National Bureau of Standards. At about this same

time Munsell notations were obtained visually by comparison with the color

chips of the Munsell Book of Color [3] and from these visual observations

ISCC-NBS Color Names [k~\ were derived. * These visual estimates of Munsell

notations and corresponding ISCC-NBS color name designations are listed in

Table I [5], and were reported by Dr 0 0

1 Neill j^6J, On February h, 1953,

Table I

Visual Estimates of the Munsell Notations and the Corresponding ISCC-NBS

(Inter -Society Color Council -National Bureau of Standards) Color Names of

the Twenty- Two Dyed Papers and Cardboards.

Designated Type

of Paper and Munsell

Designated Name N ota tL on ISCC-NBS Name

BOND

Blue 0.5PB 8.5/3.

Very Pale Blue

Pink 5.5R 8.5/5 Light Pink

Green Uo5G 8.8/I4.O Very Light Green

fellow 8.5YR 7.6/L2 Strong Orange Yellow

MIMEO BOND

Blue 1 PB 8.6/3.

Very Pale Blue

Tuscan 7.5YR 8. 3/6.Light Orange Yellow

Green 5 G 8. 7/1*. 3 Very Light Green

Orange 9 YR 7.8/12 Strong Orange Yellow

Pink 6 H 8.5/5 Light Pink

Dull Yellow 3 Y 9. 2/6.

Light Yellow

Bright Yellow 7.5Y 9. 2/6.5 Light Greenish Yellow

ONION SKIN

Blue 10 B 7.6/1* Very Pale Blue

Green 5 BG 6. 7/3.7 Light Bluish Green

Orange 1 YR 7. 2/8.

Strong Yellowish Pink

Pink 8.5RP 7. U/8.5 Moderate Purplish Pink

Canary Yellow 8 Y 9.1/6 Light Greenish Yellow

Yellow 2 Y 8. 5/7.5 Light Yellow

RAILROAD BOARD

Blue 3 PB 6.U/6.7 Light Blue

Green 2.5G 7.U/6.5 Light Yellowish Green

Buff 7.5YR 7.6/6.

Moderate Orange Yellow

Yellow 5.5Y 9.2A2.5 Vivid Yellow

Red 7.5R 5.5AU Vivid Reddish Orange

These visual estimates of Min sell notations and resulting ISCC-NBS color

names were derived by Mr. K» L. Kelly.
.
- 5 -

the second and third sets of similar samples were selected and assembled

in frames for exposure to natural daylight; one set was installed inside

a north-facing window in Room No* 306, and the other set was installed

inside a south-facing window in Room No# 315$ both rooms are located on

the third floor of the East Building of the National Bureau of Standards#

Each set was left exposed day and night until March 27, 1953 or for a

period of approximately two months when both sets were removed and spectrophotometered. Assembled again, the samples were left exposed in the same

windows until November 23, 1953, or for a total of approximately ten months,

when all of the samples were again disassembled and spectrophotometered on November 23 and 2lj., 1953 for the second time# At each period of measurement,

measurements were also made on the samples kept in dark storage at each time

period reported# At the end of this experiment all of the samples were dismantled and were filed in dark storage in Room 208 East Building, National

Bureau of Standards, for possible further study#

HI# Spec tr ophotome trie Measurements # Seven sets of measurements of spectral directional reflectance for the

visible spectrum 1;00 to 750 millimicrons were made on three sets of twentytwo dyed papers and cardboards on the NBS General Electric recording spectrophotometer [7,8^ for the condition of included specular component of reflected radiant energy# Slits of approximately 10 millimicrons were used

for these measurements#

The initial set of measurements of the non-exposed ( n dark storage’1 ) set

of samples were made on January 7 and 8, 1953* As the papers of this test

are to be used as working standards for the color register on aerial film,

these measurements were considered to be ’’standard” for all subsequent

measurements on samples of the same type and color and consequently were

obtained with all calibration curves £9,103 ; i.e. (1) zero curve, (2) Vitrolite curve for the photometric scale and for the aging of the standard of

reflectance, magnesium oxide, and (3) didymium curve for the wavelength

calibration.

The second and third sets of measurements were made on March 27, 1953

and on November 23 and 2i|, 1953* These measurements of the three sets of

samples (one non-exposed, the second exposed to north skylight, and the

third to south daylight) were made on the NBS General Electric recording

spectrophotometer# However, in these cases, no calibration curves were

made or recorded as each graph sheet contained a curve of a

w dark storage”

sample, a similar sample exposed to north skylight, and a sample exposed

to south daylight# Besides in these cases, precise differences between

exposed and non-exposed samples rather than precise measurements of either

set of samples were desired# Ozalid prints of each of these 1|8 recordings

of the 15U determinations of these 22 colored papers are shown in Appendix A

of this report#

Each of the curves of the initial set of twenty-two measurements was

read and corrected at each ten millimicron interval between I4.OO and 750
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millimicrons* The other two sets of sixty-six measurements were similarly

read but uncorrected, at each ten millimicron interval for the spectral

region ^00 to 750 millimicrons

o

These l5U spec trophotome trie reductions of the data are shown on the

twenty-two tables of spectral directional reflectance data in the Tables

of Appendix B*

IV. Colorimetric Computations .

The spectral-directional-reflectance data of each of the seven conditions for each of the twenty- two samples of the dyed papers and cardboards

(listed in Appendix B for the visible spectrum, U00 to 750 millimicrons)

were converted to luminous reflectance, Y, and chromaticity coordinates,

x,y, of the CIE colorimetric coordinate system by integration according

to the CIE standard observer \_ll\ for CIE source C, representative of

average daylight.

V. Hunsell Renotation and ISCC-NBS

Color Designations*

From the above determined C.I.E. cbromaticities and daylight reflectances of the seven sets of twenty- two dyed papers and cardboards determinations, the Munsell renotations were obtained from graphs of conversion from

the C.I.E. system to the Munsell Renotation System [*12]] • These Munsell renotations were then converted into terms of the ISCC-NBS color name designations 0-3]

.

VI. Color Difference Computations * From the Munsell renotations of the one-hundred and fifty-four determinations of the twenty- two dyed colored papers and cardboards, color

differences in terms of the NBS unit of color difference (AE) were computed by means of the Godlove formula [lUl between the initial measurement

and the ” dark storage” sample measurements of each type and color of sample;

and between each of the u dark storage” sanple measurements and both of its

corresponding exposed sample measurement.

VII. Bond-Paper Colors (Pages 8 to 2i|)

The following lU pages contain fourteen illustrations (Figures 1 to lU)

showing a record of the initial state and the amounts of the spectrophotometric and colorimetric changes upon natural exposure of the four dyed

colored specimens of (13 lb.) bond paper.

The initial state of the four bond-paper colors are shown spec trophotome trically in Figure 1, and the rate of spectrophotometric change of

each of these four bond-paper colors due to exposure to natural daylight

are shown in Figures 2 to 5>* The data used to make these five figures
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Table II

Bond Papers

Chroraaticity Coordinates and Daylight Reflectances of Four Bond-Paper

Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure,

Chromatic ity Daylight

Paper Color and Coordinates Reflectance

Exposure X y ?(%)

BLUE

Initial 0,282 0.301* 6l.l*

Two Months, Dark ,281 • 302 61.9

Two Months, North • 292 .309 62.1*

Two Months, South .296 • 312 61*. 5

Ten Months, Dark ,283 .301* 61.3

Ten Months, North ,306 .319 68.1

Ten Months, South o313 • 322 73.3

PINK

Initial ,360 .328 63.1

Two Months, Dark .358 .326 63.2

Two Months, North .351* .328 61*. 2

Two Months, South .31*7 .328 67.8

Ten Months, Dark .358 .326 62.8

Ten Months, North .31*0 .330 69.6

Ten Months, South *327 .327 76.6

GREEN

Initial • 291 .31*3 63.1*

Two Months, Dark • 292 .31*3 63*6

Two Months, North .291* .330 61*. 1* Two Months, South .293 • 322 65.5

Ten Months, Dark .292 .31*2 63.2

Ten Months, North .306 .321* 69.9

Ten Months, South • 311 .325 73.1

IELL0W

Initial • U8U .1*35 1*8.7

Two Months, Dark .1*83 .U3U 1*8.9

Two Months, North .1*79 .1*36 1*9.8

Two Months, South .1*67 .1*36 50.8

Ten Months, Dark .1*83 .1*31* 1*8.6

Ten Months, North • 1*60 .1*31 50.7

Ten Months, South .1*01 .396 55.3

- 23 -

Table III

Bond Papers

Mansell Renotations and ISCC-NBS Color Designations of Four Bond-Paper

Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color and

Exposure

BLUE

. Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Ten Months, South

PINK

Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Ten Months, South

GREEN

Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Ten Months, South

YELLOW

Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Ten Months, South

Munsell

Renotations

6.6b 8.1/2.

8

7.7B 8. 2/3.0

6. 2B 8. 1/2.0

U.6B 8. 3/1.

5

7. OB 8. 1/2.

8

2.7BG 8. 5/0.

5

5.8gy 8. 7/0.

a

6. 6R 8. 2/a.

a

6.5R 8. 2 /a. a

7-7R 8. 3/3.

8

9.8R 8 . 5/3.

2

6.3R 8. 2/a.

a

1.8YR 8. 6/2 .

5

U.6YR 8.9A-3

7.2G 8. 2/3 .

a

6«5G 8. 2/3 .

a

0.5BG 8 . 3/2.

2

J.ljBG 8. a/1.9

7.2G 8. 2/3 .

3

5.9G 8. 6/0.

8

9.6GX 8. 7/0.

6

8.9YR 7AA1-7

8.8YR 7 . a/11 .

6

9AYR 7AA1A

0.1Y 7.5/10.6

8.8YR 7AA1.6

10.0YR 7.5A0.2

1.1Y 7. 8/6.1

ISCC-NBS Color Designations

Very pale blue

Very pale blue

Very pale blue

Light bluish gray

Very pale blue

Light greenish gray

White

Light yellowish pink

Light yellowish pink

Light yellowish pink

Light yellowish pink

Light yellowish pink

Pale yellowish pink

Pinkish white

Very light green

Very light green

Very pale green

Very pale green

Very light green

Greenish white

Greenish white

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Moderate yellow

Table IV

Bond Papers

Color Differences between Exposed and Dark Storage Samples of Four BondPaper Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure*

Paper Color and Determinations Color Differences

Between Exposures AE

BLUE

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 2.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 5.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 8.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 0.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 15.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 19.0

PINK

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 0.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North ii.O

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 9.5

Initial and Ten Months, Dark o.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 16.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 22.0

GREEN

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 0.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 7.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 11.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark o.5

Ten Months, Bark and Ten Months, North 15.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 18.5

YELLOW

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark o.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 2.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 7.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark o.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 7.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 29.5

- 25 -

VIII. Mimeo-B ond-Paper Colors (Pages 26 to 5U)

The following 23 pages contain twenty- three illustrations (Figures 15

to 37) showing a record of the initial state and the amounts of the spectropho tome trie and colorimetric changes upon exposure to natural daylight of

the seven dyed colored specimens of mimeo-bond papers.

The initial state of the seven mimeo-bond-paper colors are shown

spec trophotometric ally in Figure 15* and the rate of spectrophotometric

change of each of these seven mimeo-bond-paper colors due to exposure to

natural daylight are shown in Figures 16 to 22. The data used to make

these eight figures was obtained from the original recordings of the

Ozalid prints of the spectrophotometric curves of Appendix A, and from

the reduced tables of data of Appendix B, of this report.

The chromaticity coordinates listed in Table V, pages U9-50 (together

with the daylight reflectances) for these color changes are shown on the

segment of the CIE chromaticity diagram in Figure 23* The derived Munsell

renotations from these chromaticity coordinates and daylight reflectances are

liste d in Table VI, pages 51-52, and illustrated in Figures 2k to 30. In

turn, color differences derived from these Munsell renotations are listed

in Table VII, pages 53-5U, and illustrated in Figures 31 to 37. It has

been assumed in -this study that the permanence of the mimeo-bond-paper

samples in ’’dark storage” did not change appreciably relative to the

changes caused by exposure to natural daylight.
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- 1*9 -

Table V

Mimeo-Bond Papers

Chromaticity ICoordinates and Daylight Reflectances of Seven MimeoPaper Colors :for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color and

Chromatic ity

Coordinates

Daylight

Reflectance

Exposure X y U%)

BLUE

Initial 0.283 0.303 63.1+

Two Months, Dark .281 .300 63.2

Two Months, North .290 .308 65.6

Two Months, South .296 .313 68.0

Ten Months, Dark .283 .302 62.6

Ten Months, North .307 .319 72.9

Ten Months, South . 31U .325 71+.8

TUSCAN

Initial .38U .367 65.2

Two Months, Dark .382 .365 65.1+

Two Months, North .376 - 36U 66.5

Two Months, South .366 .361 69.5

Ten Months, Dark • 3 83 .366 65.2

Ten Months, North .355 .355 72.1

Ten Months, South • 33U .338 76.2

GREEN

Initial .292 .31+5 59.1*

Two Months, Dark .290 .31+2 59.5

Two Months, North .293 .328 59.1*

Two Months, South .295 o3l9 63.9

Ten Months, Dark .290 .31+5 59.8

Ten Months, North *307 .320 65.9

Ten Months, South .312 .321+ 71.0

ORANGE

Initial .U80 .1+35 51.6

Two Months, Dark .1+82 .1*35 51.6

Two Months, North .1+77 .1+33 51.8

Two Months, South .1+71; .U36 52.3

Ten Months, Dark .1+80 •U36 51.9

Ten Months, North .1+52 .1+26 5U*1*

Ten Months, South .1+01 .391+ 57.5

( continued on page 50.

)
i : ! , i

1

•.
- 50 -

Table V (confd)

Mimeo-Bond Papers (cont’d)

Paper Color and

Chroma tic ity

Coordinates

Daylight

Reflectance

Exposure X y x«)

PINK

Initial 0.360 0.32U 6U.1;

Two Months, Dark . 358 .322 61*. 7

Two Months, North .351 .323 66. k

Two Months, South -321 69.5

Ten Months, Dark .359 .323 61*. 1* Ten Months, North .337 .326 73.1

Ten Months, Sou th .327 .325 78.1

DULL YELLOW

Initial .385 .391* 71*. 0

Two Months, Dark • 383 .392 7l*.l*

Two Months, North .376 .386 71*. 1

Two Months, South • 36U .371* 75.0

Ten Months, Dark .381; .393 71*. 0

Ten Months, North .357 • 366 75-5

Ten Months, South .336 .31*3 77.1*

BRIGHT YELLOW

Initial .389 .1*23 79.8

Two Months, Dark .387 .1*21 80.2

Two Months, North .379 .1*07 79.5

Two Months, South .363 . 38JU 79.7

Ten Months, Dark .387 .1*20 79.7

Ten Months, North .357 .371* 78.1*

Ten Months, South .335 .31*5 79.9

- 51 -

Table VI

Mimeo -Bond Papers

Mims ell Renotations and ISCC-NBS Color Designations of Seven Mimeo-Bond

Paper Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure,

Paper Color and

Exposure

Munsell

Renotations ISCC-NBS Color Designations

BLUE

Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Te n Months , S ou th

7.3B 8 . 2/2 .

8

9. OB 8 . 2/3.1

6.1B 8 . U/2.1

3.liB 8.3A.U

8 .I4B 8 . 2/2.

9

0.9BG 8 . 7/0.

U

5.6GY 8 . 8/0.3

Very pale blue

Very light greenish blue

Very pale blue

Light bluish gray

Very pale blue

White

White

TUSCAN

Initial 7.3YR

Two Months, Dark 7*2YR

Two Months, North 7* 8YR

Two Months, South 8,9YR

Ten Months, Dark 6,9YR

Ten Months, North 9*3TR

Ten Months, South 9* 7YR

8 . 3/5*1 Pale orange yellow

8eUA«9 Pale orange yellow

8 oU/Iieii Pale orange yellow

8 , 6/3 *

8

Pale orange yellow

8 , 3/5*1 Light yellowish pink

8 , 7/3*1 Pale orange yellow

8 , 9/1*6 Yellowish white

GREEN

Initial 6.Ug

Two Months, Dark 7.7G

Two Months, North 2.0BG

Two Months, South 6 . 9BG

Ten Months, Dark 7.1G

Ten Months, North 8.3G

Ten Months, South 8.0GY

8 ,0/3 *5 Very light green

8,0/3* U Very light green

8 , 0/2 * 2 Very pale green

8,3A°6 Very pale green

8,0/3 *7 Very light green

8.U/0.5 Light gray

8 , 6/0,5 White

ORANGE

Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Ten Months, South

9.1YR 7.6/11.7

9.0YR 7.6/11.8

9.0IR 7.6/11.

U

9.6YR 7.6/11.3

8.5IR 7.6/12.1

0.1Y 7. 7/9.7

0.6Y 8 . 0/6.1

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Strong orange yellow

Moderate orange yellow

Moderate orange yellow

(continued on page 52 .)
.
- 52 -

Table 71 (cont'd ) Mimeo-Bond Papers (cont’d)

Paper Color

Exposure

and Munsell

Renotations ISCC-NBS Color Designations

PINK

Initial 5.2R 8. 3/1*. 8 Light pink

Two Months, Dark U*Ur 8 . 3/U.

8

Light pink

Two Months, North 5.2R 8.U/U.0 Light pink

Two Months, South 1*.6r 8. 6/3* 6 Light pink

Ten Months, Dark 1*.6r 8. 3/1*. 8 Light pink

Ten Months, North 9.6r 8. 7/2.

6

Pale yellowish pink

Ten Months, South 2.5yr 9. 0/1.5 Pinkish white

DULL YELLOW

Initial 3.0Y 8. 8/5.6 Light yellow

Two Months, Dark 2.9Y 8.8/5.U Light yellow

Two Months, North 3.1Y 8. 8/1*.

8

Pale yellow

Two Months, South 3.2Y 8. 8/3.

9

Pale yellow

Ten Months, Dark 2.9Y 8. 8/5.1* Light yellowish pink

Ten Months, North 2.9Y 8. 8 /3 .

3

Pale yellow

Ten Months, South 1.9Y 9 . 0/1.

8

Yellowish white

BRIGHT YELLOW

Initial 7.51 9. 0/6.

8

Light greenish yellow

Two Months, Dark 8.oy 9.1/6.

7

Light greenish yellow

Two Months, North 7 .St 9. 0/5.8 Light greenish yellow

Two Months, South 6.5Y 9.0/1*. 2 Pale yellow

Ten Months, Dark 7.5Y 9. 0/6.7 Light greenish yellow

Ten Months, North 5.1Y 9. 0/3.6 Pale yellow

Ten Months, South 3.8Y 9.1/1.

8

Yellowish white

- 53 -

Table VII

Mimeo-Bond Papers

Color Differences between Exposed and Dark Storage Samples of Seven

Mimeo-Bond Paper Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure,

Paper Color and Determinations

Between Exposures

BLUE

Initial

Initial

Two Months,

Two Months,

Initial

Ten Months,

Ten Months,

and Initial

and Two Months, Dark

Dark and Two Months, North

Dark and Two Months, South

and Ten Months, Dark

Dark and Ten Months, North

Dark and Ten Months, South

TUSCAN

Initial

Initial

Two Months,

Two Months,

Initial

Ten Months,

Ten Months,

and Initial

and Two Months, Dark

Dark and Two Months, North

Dark and Two Months, South

and Ten Months, Dark

Dark and Ten Months, North

Dark and Ten Months, South

GREEN

Initial

Initial

Two Months,

Two Months,

Initial

Ten Months,

Ten Months,

and Initial

and Two Months,

Dark and Two Months,

Dark and Two Months,

and Ten Months,

Dark and Ten Months,

Dark and Ten Months,

Dark

North

South

Dark

North

South

ORANGE

Initial

Initial

Two Months,

Two Months,

Initial

Ten Months,

Ten Months,

and Initial

and Two Months, Dark

Dark and Two Months, North

Dark and Two Months, South

and Ten Months, Dark

Dark and Ten Months, North

Dark and Ten Months, South

Color Differences

AE

0.0

2.5

6.5

11.0

o.5

17.0

20.0

0.0

2.0

2.5

7.5

0.0

13.0

21.5

0.0

0.0

7.0

12.5

1.0

18.0

20.5

0.0

2.0

2.0

2.5

11.5

13.5

23.0

(continued on page 5^.)

!
'

'

' .

• i

...

•
Table VII (cont ! d)

Mimeo-Bosd Papers (cont*d)

Paper Color and Determinations

Between Exposures

PINK

Initial and Initial

Initial and Two Months,

Two Months , Dark and Two Months,

Two Months, Dark and Two Months,

Initial and Ten Months,

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months,

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months,

DULL YELLOW

Initial and Initial

Initial and Two Months,

Two Months, Dark and Two Months,

Two Months, Dark and Two Months,

Initial and Ten Months,

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months,

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months,

BRIGHT YELLOW

Initial and Initial

Initial and Two Months,

Two Months, Dark and Two Months,

Two Months, Dark and Two Months,

Initial and Ten Months,

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months,

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months

,

Color Differences

Ae

0.0

Dark 1.0

North U.5

South 8.5

Dark 1.0

North Hw5

South 22.5

0.0

Dark 1.0

North 3.0

South 7.5

Dark 1.0

North 10.5

South 18.5

0.0

Dark 2.0

North 5 .o South 12.5

Dark o .5

North 16.0

South 25.0
a.

V

V

J

: . .
- 55 -

IX. Onion-Skin-Paper Colors (Pages 56 to 81)

The following twenty pages contain twenty illustrations (Figures

38 to 57) showing a record of the initial state and the amounts of

the spec trophotometrie and colorimetric changes upon exposure to

natural daylight of the six dyed onion-skin papers.

The initial state of the six onion-skin-paper colors are shown

spec tropho tome trically in Figure 38, page 56, and the rate of spectropho tome trie change of each of these six cnion-skin-paper colors to exposure to natural daylight are shown in Figures 39 to UU* The data used

to make these seven figures were obtained from the original recordings

of the Ozalid prints of the spec trophotometric curves of Appendix A,

and from the reduced tables of data of Appendix B, of this report.

The chromaticity coordinates listed in Table Fill, pages 76-77

(together with the daylight reflectances) for these color changes are . shown on the segment of the CIE chromaticity diagram in Figure ii5*

The derived Munsell renotations from these chromaticity coordinates and

daylight reflectances are listed in Table IX, pages 78-79, and illustrated in Figures U6 to 51* In turn, color differences derived from

these Munsell renotations are listed in Table X, pages 80-81, and

illustrated in Figures 52 to 57* It has been assumed in this study

that the permanence of the onion-skin-paper samples in "dark storage"

did not change appreciably relative to the changes caused by exposure

to natural daylight.

- 76 -

Table Till

Onion Skin Papers

Chroma tic ity Coordinates and Daylight Reflectances of Six OnionPaper Colors :for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color and

Chromatic ity

Coordinates

Daylight

Reflectance

Exposure X y i(%)

BLUE

Initial 0.266 0.290 1*7.2

Two Months, Dark • 26U .287 1*7.7

Two Months, North .263 .286 U6.lt

Two Months, South . 266 .288 1*7.1*

Ten Months, Dark .263 .287 1*7.3

Ten Months, North .269 .291 U8.5

Ten Months, South .279 .298 50.1

GREEN

Initial .276 .327 UU.i

Two Months, Dark .273 .322 1*1*.

3

Two Months, North . 266 .307 1*2.5

Two Months, South .267 .301 1*3.7

Ten Months, Dark .273 .322 1*3.5

Ten Months, North .261* .291* UU.2

Ten Months, South .273 .303 U6.7

ORANGE

Initial .1*1*8 .377 1*5.2

Two Months, Dark .1*30 .372 1*5.6

Two Months, North .392 .356 52.1*

Two Months, South .367 •351 58.5

Ten Months, Dark .1*1*9 .370 1*5.1

Ten Months, North • 336 .338 61*. 5

Ten Months, South .327 • 335 68.1

PINK

Initial .360 .295 U6.6

Two Months, Dark .358 .292 1*6.9

Two Months, North .353 .301 1*9.1*

Two Months, South • 3U6 .308 51*. 5

Ten Months, Dark • 356 .292 U6.6

Ten Months, North .339 .316 58.1

Ten Months, South .328 • 321* 65.3

(continued on page 77.)

- 77 -

Table VIII (cont’d ) Onion-Skin Papers (cont’d)

Chromaticity Daylight

Paper Color and Coordinates Reflectance

Exposure X y j(%)

CANARY YELLOW

Initial 0.371* 0.1*09 69.3

Two Months, Dark .371 • I4D6 70.1

Two Months, North .359 .382 68.7

Two Months, South •351 .368 68.6

Ten Months, Dark .372 • 1|06 69.1*

Ten Months, North .336 .31*9 69.1

Ten Months, South .323 .333 70.3

YELLOW

Initial .1*27 .1*23 60.6

Two Months, Dark .1*26 .1*21 60.6

Two Months, North .1*07 . UlU 61.7

Two Months, South .391* .1*07 63.0

Ten Months, Dark .1*25 .1*22 60.1*

Ten Months, North .379 .391* 63.8

Ten Months, South • 3hh .359 67.0
'
- 78 -

Table IX

Onion-Skin Papers

Munsell Renotations and ISCC-NBS Color Designations of Six Onion-Skin

Paper Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color and

Exposure

Munsell

Renotations ISCC-NBS Color Designations

BLUE

Initial 8,3B

Two Months, Dark 9.2B

Two Months, North 9.5b

Two Months

,

South 9.3B

Ten Months, Dark 9.6b

Ten Months

,

North 9.2B

Ten Mont hs , South 9.1PB

7- 3/U* 2 Light greenish blue

7.3AA Pale blue

7.2/U.j Pale blue

7. 3A- 3 Pale blue

7.3AA Pale blue

7 A/3.0 Pale blue

7. 5/3-1 Pale violet

GREEN

Initial U.7BG

Two Months, Dark 6.5bg

Two Months, North i.5b

Two Months, South U- 2b

Ten Months, Dark 6.5bg

Ten Months, North 6.5b

Ten Months, South U.9B

7.1/3. 5 Light bluish green

7.1/3* 6 Light bluish green

7.0/3. 8 Light greenish blue

7 .0/3 .7 Light greenish blue

7.0/3. 6 Light bluish green

7.1/U.O Light greenish blue

7. 2/3.1 Light greenish blue

ORANGE

Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Ten Months, South

3.1*YR 7. 2/8. 7

2.57R 7. 2/9.0

3-5YR 7.6/54

5.57R 8.0/3.

8

2.3XR 7.1/9.

0

9.0IR 8. 3/1.

7

3.21 8.3/1.

2

Moderate orange

Moderate orange

Moderate yellowish pink

Moderate yellowish pink

Moderate orange

Yellowish gray

Yellowish gray

PINK

Initial

Two Months, Dark

Two Months, North

Two Months, South

Ten Months, Dark

Ten Months, North

Ten Months, South

6.3RP 7. 2/7.

2

5-5RP 7.3/74

7.0RP 74/6.1

8.1RP 7.7/U.9

3.I4RP 7. 2/7.3

l.liR 7. 9/3.0

1.21 8.3/1.

7

Moderate purplish pink

Moderate purplish pink

Moderate purplish pink

Pale purplish pink

Moderate purplish pink

Moderate pink

Yellowish gray

(continued on page 79.

)
.. • . • *

-{ ' .
- 79 -

Table IX (cont’d )

Onion-Skin Papers (cont*d)

Paper Color and Munsell

Exposure Renotations ISCC-NBS Color Designations

CANARY YELLOW

Initial 9.1Y 8.6/5.$ Light greenish yellow

Two Months

,

Dark 9.5Y 8. 6/3.

3

Light greenish yellow

Two Months, North 7.31 8 .3/3.9 Pale greenish yellow

Two Months, South 5.7Y 8. 3/3.1 Pale yellow

Ten Months, Dark 9.01 8. 6/3.

3

Light greenish yellow

Ten Months, North 3.71 8. 5/1.9 Yellowish white

Ten Months, South 6.1Y 8.6/0.

9

Yellowish white

YELLOW

Initial 2.0Y 8. 1/8.3 Brilliant yellow

Two Months, Dark 1.9Y 8. 1/8.

2

Brilliant yellow

Two Months, North 3.2Y 8. 2/6.

9

Light yellow

Two Months, South 3.UY 8. 2/6.1 Light yellow

Ten Months, Dark 2.1Y 8. 1/8.

2

Brilliant yellow

Ten Months, North U.2I 8. 3/5.1 Light yellow

Ten Months, South 5.8Y 8.U/2.5 Pale yellow

- 80 -

Table X

Onion-Skin Papers

Color Differences between Exposed and Dark Storage Samples of Six Onion

Skin-Paper Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color and Determination Color Differences

Between Exposures AE

BLUE

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial * and Two Months , Dark 1.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 2.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 0.5

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 2.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 7*5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 13*5

GREEN

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 2.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 6.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 9°0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 3«0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 12.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 10.0

ORANGE

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 3«0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 20.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 31*0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark U.O

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North Wi.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South U9»5

PINK

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 3*0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 7*5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 15*5

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 2.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 27 «0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South Uli.O

(continued on page 8l.)
.

!

. •

V

i

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•

’

.

•

Jl
- 81 -

Table X (cont’d ) Onion-Skin Papers (cont’d)

Paper Color and Determination

Between Exposures

Color Differences

CANARY YELLOW

Initial and Initial 0*0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 1.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 8.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 12.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 1.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 17*5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 22.0

YELLOW

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 0.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 7*5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 11.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 0.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 16.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 29*5
(
- 82 -

Xo Railroad Tag -Board Colors (Pages 83 to 102)

The folio-wing seventeen pages contain seventeen illustrations

(Figures 58 to 7h) showing a record of the initial state and the

amounts of the spectrophotometric and colorimetric changes upon exposure to natural daylight of the five dyed railroad (6 ply) tag

boards®

The initial state of the five railroad-board colors are shown

spec trophotome trieally in Figure 58 , page 83, and the rate of

spectrophotometric change of each of these five railroad board

colors to exposure to natural daylight are shown in Figures 59 to

63 o The data used to make these six figures were obtained from

the original recordings of the Ozalid prints of the spectrophotometric curves of Appendix A, and from the reduced tables of data

of Appendix B, of this report.

The chromaticity coordinates listed in Table XI, page 100

(together with the daylight reflectances) for these color changes

are shown on the segment of the CIE chromaticity diagram in Figure 61|.

The derived Munsell renotations from these chromaticity coordinates

and daylight reflectances are listed in Table XII, page 101, and

illustrated in Figures 65 to 69 ® In turn, color differences derived

from these Munsell renotations are listed in Table XIII, page 102,

and illustrated in Figures 70 to 7h. It has been assumed in this

study that the permanence of the railroad board samples in “dark

storage11 did not change appreciably relative to the changes caused

by exposure to natural daylight.
.

•
- 100 -

Table XI

Railroad Boards

Chroma ticity Coordinates and Daylight Reflectances of Five RailroadBoard Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color and

Chromaticity

Coordinates

Daylight

Reflectance

Exposure X y j(%)

BLUE

Initial 0.21*0 0.21*9 37.7

Two Months, Dark .238 .21*8 38.6

Two Months, North .312 <,322 72.1

Two Months, South .319 .325 80.2

Ten Months, Dark .21*1 .250 38.

u

Ten Months, North .322 *327 78.8

Ten Months, South .320 .326 78.5

GREEN

Initial .281 • Uo6 1*8.5

Two Months, Dark .281 . UoU 1*9.7

Two Months, North .293 .337 51*. 5

Two Months, South •313 .326 71.5

Ten Months, Dark .282 .1*00 1*9.1

Ten Months, North .323 .329 76.8

Ten Months, South .323 .328 76.0

BUFF

Initial .1*29 .395 57.2

Two Months, Dark .1*28 • 393 57.6

Two Months, North .386 .376 62.5

Two Months, South .351 .357 69.5

Ten Months, Dark .Ii.28 .393 57.1*

Ten Months, North .329 .336 73e7

Ten Months, South .322 .329 75.8

YELLOW

Initial .1*1*1 .1*68 70.0

Two Months, Dark . UUo . U68 71.0

Two Months, North .1*30 .1*1*9 67.2

Two Months, South •I4.0U .1*21 68.0

Ten Months, Dark .1*38 .1*67 70.7

Ten Months, North .366 .3 76 69.7

Ten Months, South .338 .31*3 72.1*

RED

Initial .553 • 31*1 22.1

Two Months, Dark .552 •339 21.8

Two Months, North .510 .335 23.1

Two Months, South .1*58 .331* 27.2

Ten Months, Dark .551 .31*1 22.5

Ten Months, North .385 •337 1*3.5

Ten Months, South .355 • 3hb 55.7
'

‘
- 101 -

Table XII

Railroad Boards

Munsell Renotations and ISCC-NBS Color Designations of Five RailroadBoard Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color

Exposure

and Munsell

Renotations ISCC-NBS Color Designations

BLUE

Initial 3.6PB 6. 6/7.0 Light blue

Two Months* Dark 3.ltPB 6. 7/7.

7

Light blue

Two Months, North 7.2GY 8. 7/0.

3

White

Two Months, South 9.2YR 9. 1/0.

7

White

Ten Months, Dark 3.6PB 6.7/7.? Light blue

Ten Months, North 9-UXR 9. 0/0.

8

Yellowish white

Ten Months, South 0. 8y 9. 0/0.

7

Yellowish white

GREEN

Initial 3-Ug 7. it/8, k Brilliant green

Two Months, Dark 3-Ug 7.U/8.5 Brilliant green

Two Months, North 8.1G 7.7/2.

8

Very light green

Two Months, South 7.5GY 8. 7/0.6 Greenish white

Ten Months, Dark 3.UG 7. li/7.

6

Brilliant green

Ten Months, North 1.0Y 8. 9/0.

7

White

Ten Months, South 9.6XR 8. 9/0.

9

Yellowish white

BUFF

Initial 7.6YR 7. 9/7.

8

Moderate orange yellow

Two Months, Dark 7.3XR 7. 9/7.

8

Moderate orange yellow

Two Months, North 9.1YR 8. 2/5.1 Pale orange yellow

Two Months, South 1.6X 8. 6/2.

8

Pale yellow

Ten Months, Dark 7.0YR 7. 9/7.

8

Light orange

Ten Months, North 2.01 8. 8/1.3 Yellowish white

Ten Months, South 3.61 8. 9/0.

8

Yellowish white

YELLOW

Initial 5.3X 8.6/11.1 Vivid yellow

Two Months, Dark 5-UY 8.6/11.1 Vivid yellow

Two Months, North Lu6x 8.h/9*6 Brilliant yellow

Two Months, South U.UX 8. 5/7.1 Light yellow

Ten Months, Dark 5.6x 8.6/11.0 Brilliant yellow

Ten Months, North 3.1Y 8.6/U»0 Pale yellow

Ten Months, South 0.7Y 8. 7/1.9 Yellowish white

RM)

Initial 7.7R 5.2AU.O Vivid reddish orange

Two Months, Dark 7.6R 5.2AU.O Vivid reddish orange

Two Months, North 6.8R 5AA2.1 Strong red

Two Months, South 6.6R 5.8A0.6 Deep yellowish pink

Ten Months, Dark 7.7R 5.3AU.1 Vivid reddish orange

Ten Months, North 8.6R 7. 0/5.6 Moderate yellowish pink

Ten Months, South 5.5xr 7. 8/3.0 Moderate yellowish pink
.
- 102 -

Table XIII

Railroad Boards

Color Differences between Exposed and Dark Storage Samples of Five RailroadBoard Colors for Seven Conditions of Storage and Exposure.

Paper Color and Determination Color Differences

Between Exposures AE

BLUE

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark U.o

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 56.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 6U .0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 3.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 61.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 61.5

GREEN

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark o.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 35.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 1*7.5

Initial and Ten Months, Dark U.o

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 1*7.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South U8.5

BUFF

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 0.5

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 15.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 35.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 1.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 1*0.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 1* 2.0

YELLOW

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark 0.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 9.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 20.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 1.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 35.5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 1*6.5

RED

Initial and Initial 0.0

Initial and Two Months, Dark c.o

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, North 11.0

Two Months, Dark and Two Months, South 21.0

Initial and Ten Months, Dark 2.0

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, North 51*. 5

Ten Months, Dark and Ten Months, South 76.5

- 103 -

XI. Summary.

A series of three measurements of spectral directional reflectance on twenty- two samples of dyed papers and cardboards have been made for the

visible spectrum, 1±00 to 750 millimicrons, on a General Electric recording

spectrophotometer for the condition cf included specular component of the

reflected radiant energy.

These three sets of samples have been kept in three different conditions

of storage or exposure to natural daylight for periods of two and of ten

months; i.e. one set was kept in dark storage, another set was mounted and

exposed to the radiant energy penetrating a north-facing window, the third

set was similarly mounted and exposed to the radiant energy penetrating a south-facing window. These latter two sets of specimens were removed for

spec tropho tone trie measurements at periods of approximately two and of

approximately ten months of exposure.

Spectral-directional-reflectance data are shown for each of the

twenty-two specimens initially and after two and ten months of exposure

to natural daylight* The data are presented both in the form of reproductions of the original recording graph sheets (Appendix A) and as tables

of reduced spectral-directional-reflectance data (Appendix B).

Also shown are graphical illustrations of the spectrophotometric

curves of all of the twenty- two dyed papers and cardboards studied for

the initial (unfaded) state as well as after exposure to natural daylight

for each of the colors studied separately.

All of the papers and cardboards that had been spec trophotome tered

were transformed by integration into terms of the CIE chroma ticity

coordinates and daylight reflectances, and illustrations of these and

of the corresponding Munsell renotations, and color-difference computations are included. In addition, all of these data and also initial

Munsell visual notations and ISCC-NBS color names are tabulated together

with all colorimetric data as well as ISCC-NBS color names derived from

the Munsell renotations.

XII. Conclusions . In this study of the fading of some typical color papers and cardboards, it has been found that aU of the samples studied showed some

changes in color when the samples were exposed either to north skylight

or direct sunlight and skylight. In most cases the amounts of change

were consistent, the least change being for the two months 1 north

exposure, the two months* south exposure being next, the ten months*

north exposure third, and the ten months* south exposure the greatest.

Spectrophotometrically, as was to be expected, most of the color

changes occurred in the absorption band of the dye used to cause the
. ' - 0 . . '
- lol* -

color of the paper or cardboard. For the samples exhibiting two absorption

bands such as the Bond green paper, one of the bands would disappear more

rapidly than the other causing a change in one direction on the CIE diagram,

such as green towards blue, and then an abrupt change in another direction,

such as blue towards the red part of the spectrum. It is likely that such

specimens have been colored by a mixture of two dyes, one of which fades

more rapidly than the other.

Roughly the samples fell into three classes, good, good for a time

then fair, and bad. Those of the good class were: yellow bond, orange

mimeo bond, blue onion skin, and green onion skin. Those in the bad

class were all of the railroad boards, especially the blue, green and

buff, and the orange onion skin. All of the rest of the samples studied

fell into the middle class, and could safely be used for short periods of

time in direct sunlight and for maximum total use of two months

.

The permanence of all of the samples studied that were kept in

dark storage was remarkably good, showing relatively no change far the

ten-month period of study.

While it was realized in the beginning of these experiments that

there would be some changes in the colors of the papers and cardboards

upon exposure to natural sources of radiant energy, it was not possible

to guess how resistant to fading some of these dyed papers would be, nor

how badly some of the dyed cardboards would behave in this respect.

This study suggests that most dyed papers available commercially

are sufficiently resistant to fading to serve as reference standards

to obtain a register of color on a color photograph. It is recommended

that railroad tag board should not be used for this purpose.

XIII. Bibliography.

[1] H. J. Keegan, J. C. Schleter, and W. A. Hall, Jr., Spec trophotome trie

and colorimetric change in the leaf of a white oak tree under conditions of natural drying and excessive moisture, NBS Report No. 1*322 to

WADC, September 1955*

[2] H. J. Keegan, J. C. Schleter, W. A. Hall, Jr., and G. M. Haas,

Spec trophoto metric and colorimetric study of foliage stored in

covered metal containers, NBS Report No. 1*370 to WADC, November 1955*

Munsell Book of Color, available from the Minsell Color Company,

10 East Franklin Street, Baltimore, Md.

D3 d. B. Judd and K. L. Kelly, Method of designating color, J. Research

NBS 23, 355 (1939)5 RP1239-
'

}

. J j.

-

=: ;

'

• ,

'

.

*

• <

i

-
- io5 -

NBS Report 2.1/WADC-7/52 cn the Spectral Directional reflectance,

Approximate Munsell Book Notations, and ISCC-NBS Color Names, from

NBS to Dr. H. T. O'Neill, February 13* 1953.

H. T. O'Neill, Investigations on methods of determining terrain

conditions by interpretation of vegetation from aerial photography,

Report No. 6, Part 1, Project No. 257002 Contract N6 onr 2550i|,

January 31, 1953, to the Office of Naval Research, Department of the

Navy, Washington 25, D. C.

A. C. Hardy, A new recording spectrophotometer, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 25,

305 (1935); also A. C. Hardy, History of the design of the recording

spectrophotometer, J. Opt. Soc. Am. ^28, 360 (1938).

J. L. Michaelson, Construction of the General Electric recording

spectrophotometer, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 28, 365 (1938).

K. S. Gibson and H. J. Keegan, Calibration and operation of the

General Electric recording spectrophotometer of the National Bureau

of Standards, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 28, 372 (1938).

H. J. Keegan and K. S. Gibson, On the use of didymium and Vitrolite

glasses for spectrophotometric measurements, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 3U,

770 (19UU).

Proceedings, Eighth Session, Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage,

Cambridge, Bigland, pp. 19 to 29, September 1931.

S. M. Newhall, D. Nickerson, and D. B. Judd, Final report of the 0SA

subcommittee cn the spacing of the Mansell colors, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 33,

385 (19U3).

K. L. Kelly and D. B. Judd, The ISCC-NBS method of designating colors

and a dictionary of color names, NBS Circular C553, November 1, 1955.

I. H. Godlove, Improved color-difference formula with applications to

the perceptibility and acceptability of fading, J. Opt. Soc. Am. ljl,

760 (1951).
.

'

- -

.

•

.

.

.

: i-

.

.

:•

.
- 106 -

Appendix A

Ozalid prints of the U8 original records of spectral'

directional-reflectance measurements made on the dyed

papers and cardboards for conditions of dark storage, of

exposure to natural north skylight, and of exposure to

south daylight for two periods. (See Appendix B for

tables of spectral reflectances read from these original

recorded spectrophotometric curves.)
.

.
Index to Appendix A

Color Exposure

107 -

Date

Measured

GE Graph

Sheet Serial

Number

Curve

Number

BOND PAPERS

Blue Initial 1- 7-53 GE 11-1110 i*,n

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1165 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1165 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1165 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -131*9 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -131*9 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*9 3

Pink Initial 1- 7-53 -1110 5,io

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1166 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1166 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1166 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -1350 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -135o 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -1350 3

Green Initial l- 7-53 -1110 6,9

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1167 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1167 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1167 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -1351 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -1351 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -1351 3

Yellow Initial 1- 7-53 -1110 7,8

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1168 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1168 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1168 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -1352 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -1352 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -1352 3

MIMEO BOND PAPERS

Blue Initial 1- 8-53 -1113 a, 17

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1169 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1169 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1169 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -1353 1

Ten Months, North U-23-53 -1353 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -1353 3

Tuscan Initial l- 8-53 -1113 5,16

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1170 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1170 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1170 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -1351* 1

Ten Months, North U-23-53 -1351+ 2

Ten Months, South U-23-53 -1351* 3

(continued on page 108,)

Index to Appendix A (cont’d)

- 108

Color

Green

Orange

Pink

Dull Yellow

Bright Yellow

Blue

GE Graph

Date Sheet Serial Curve

Exposure Measured Number Number

MIMEO BOND PAPERS (cont’d)

Initial l- 8-53 GE 11-1113 6,15

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1171 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1171 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1171 3

Ten Months, Dark ll-2l*-53 -1355 1

Tfen Months, North 11-2U-53 -1355 2

Ten Months, South 11-21,-53 -1355 3

Initial l- 8-53 -1113 7,lU

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1172 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1172 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1172 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-21,-53 -1356 1

Ten Months, North 11-21,-53 -1356 2

Ten Months, South 11-21,-53 -1356 3

Initial 1- 8-53 -1113 8,13

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1173 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1173 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1173 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-21,-53 -1357 1

Ten Months, North 11-21,-53 -1357 2

Ten Months, South 11-21,-53 -1357 3

Initial l- 8-53 -1113 9*12

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1171* 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1171* 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1171* 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-21,-53 -1358 1

Ten Months, North 11-21,-53 -1358 2

Ten Months, South 11-2U-53 -1358 3

Initial 1- 8-53 -1113 10,11

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1175 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1175 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1175

Ten Months, Dark 11-21,-53 -1359 1

Ten Months, North 11-2 U-53 -1359 2

Ten Months, South 11-21,-53 -1359 3

ONION SKIN PAPERS

Initial 1- 8-53 -1112 U*i5

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1159 i

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1159 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1159 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -131*3 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -131*3 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*3 3

/ J. • 5 -1 AA ^
: .. - r , -
Index to Appendix A (cont'd)

- 109

Color

Green

Orange

Pink

Canary Yellow

Yellow

Blue

Exposure

Date

Measured

GE Graph

Sheet Serial

Number

Curve

Number

ONION SKIN PAPERS (cont'd)

Initial 1- 8-53 GE 11-1112 5,ll*

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1160 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1160 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1160 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -131*1* 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -131*1* 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -13UI4 3

Initial l- 8-53 -1112 6,13

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1161 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1161 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1161 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -1345 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -131*5 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*5 3

Initial 1- 8-53 -1112 7,12

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1162 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1162 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1162 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -131*6 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -131*6 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*6 3

Initial 1- 8-53 -1112 8,11

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1163 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1163 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1163 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -131*7 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -131*7 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*7 3

Initial 1- 8-53 -1112 9*10

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1161* 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1161* 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1161* 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -131*8 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -131*8 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*8 3

RAILROAD BOARDS

Initial 1- 8-53 -1111 U, 13

Two Months, Dark 3-27-53 -1151* 1

Two Months, North 3-27-53 -1151* 2

Two Months, South 3-27-53 -1151* 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -1338 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -1338 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -1338 3

(continued on page 110.

)

- no -

Index to Appendix A (cont’d)

Color

Green

Buff

Yellow

Red

GE Graph

Date Sheet Serial Curve

Exposure Measured Number Number

RAILROAD BOARDS (cont'd)

Initial 1- 8-53 GE 11-1111 5,12

Two Months, Dark 3

-27-53 -U55 1

Two Months, North 3

-27-53 -H55 2

Two Months, South 3

- 27-53 -H55 3

Ten Months, Dark 11- 23-53 -1339 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -1339 2

Ten Months, South 11- 23-53 -1339 3

Initial 1- 8-53 -llll 6,11

Two Months, Dark 3 -27-53 -1156 1

Two Months, North 3

- 27-53 -1156 2

Two Months, South 3

-27-53 -1156 3

Ten Months, Dark U-23-53 -13U0 1

Ten Months, North 11-23-53 -13U0 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*0 3

Initial l - 8-53 -llll 7,10

Two Months, Dark 3

-27-53 -1157 1

Two Months, North 3

-27-53 -1157 2

Two Months, South 3 -27-53 -1157 3

Ten Months, Dark 11-23-53 -131*1 1

Ten Months, North 11- 23-53 -131*1 2

Ten Months, South 11-23-53 -131*1 3

Initial 1- 8-53 -llll 8,9

Two Months, Dark 3

-27-53 -1158 1

Two Months, North 3

-27-53 -1158 2

Two Months, South 3 -27-53 -1158 3

Ten Months, Dark 11 -23-53 -131*2 1

Ten Months, North ' 11-23-53 -131*2 2

Ten Months, South 11 -23-53 -131*2 3

- 159 -

Appendix B

Spectral-directianal-reflectance data for the

dyed papers and cardboards for conditions of dark

storage, of exposure to natural north skylight, and

of exposure to south daylight for two- and ten-month

periods,

(See Appendix A for the original copies of the

recorded spectrophotometric curves of these determinations.)

- l6o -

Bond Paper

Blue

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of the

Original Recording Sheets.)

Wa*ve Two Months Ten Months

length

np Initial

Dark

Storage

North

Exposure

South

Exposure

Dark

Storage

North

Exposure

South

Exposure

l*oo 0.636 0.660 0.610 0.610 0.626 0.595 0.615

10 .657 .679 .632 .632 .6U8 .616 .636

20 .672 .695 .650 .650 .667 .631* .655

30 .689 .710 .666 .666 .682 .650 .671*

h0 .701 .721 .677 .680 .697 .66U .688

1*50 .7H .731 .687 .691 .709 .676 .700

60 .721 .738 .69U .698 .716 .686 .711

70 .726 .71*0 .698 .702 .722 .69U .721

80 .727 • 71*0 .699 .705 .722 .700 .728

90 .723 .731* . 697 .705 .719 .701* .731*

5oo • 7lU .721* .691 .702 .711 .701* .738

10 .701* •711 .68U .696 .700 .701* .71*0

20 .690 .696 .675 .689 .686 .702 .71*1

30 .671 .676 .662 .679 .669 .699 .71*0

Uo .61*9 .651* .650 .669 .6U6 .691* .739

55o .628 .631 .636 .658 .625 .689 .736

60 .612 • 6lU .625 .6U6 .608 .683 .735

70 .595 .598 .610 .631* .592 .676 .732

80 .573 .576 .591* .621 .572 0669 .729

90 .551 .551* .578 .606 .550 .662 .726

600 .536 .51*0 .567 • 596 .536 .658 .725

10 .522 .526 .558 .588 .521* .655 .721*

20 .506 .510 .51*9 .579 .509 .651 .721*

30 .U86 .1*89 .538 .570 .1*90 .650 .721*

Uo .U68 • U7U .530 .561* .1*75 .61*9 .721*

650 .1*65 .1*70 .530 .562 .1*71* .650 .726

60 .U68 .1*71* .531* .561* .1*77 .651* .730

70 .1*71 .1*78 .51*0 .567 • U8U .659 .731*

80 .1*77 • U8U .51*8 .571* .1*89 .666 .71*0

90 »U8U .1*90 .550 .580 • 1*91* .671* .71*1* 700 .U8U • .1*92 .563 .587 -U96 .680 .750

10 .U86 .1*91* • 571* .595 .500 .689 .756

20 .1*90 .1*98 .588 .607 .506 .700 • 761*

30 .U96 .501* .60U .620 .511* .710 o771

Uo • 5ll* .523 .622 .635 .536 .721* .779

75o •555 .561 .650 .66U .581* • 7UU .792

- l6l -

Bond Paper

Pink

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure* (See Appendix A for copies of the

Original Recording Sheets*)

Wave

length

n^L Initial

Two Months Ten Months

Dark North

Storage J&posure

South

Exposure

Dark North South

Storage Exposure Exposus

1*00 0.1*76 0.1*91 0.U86 0.526 0.1*82 0.536 0.616

10 • U80 .1*91* .1*92 .531* .U86 .51*6 .63U

20 -U85 .502 .502 .51*3 .1*92 • 555 .6U8

30 .1*97 .512 .512 .551* .501* .568 • 661

Uo *508 .521* .521* .566 .511* .579 .675

1*50 .516 .530 .532 .575 .521 .590 .686

60 .517 .529 .537 .580 .521* .600 .696

70 •5ll* .521* .535 .581 .520 .606 .701*

80 .509 .517 .533 .580 .515 .610 •709

90 •5oii .511 .530 .579 .510 .61U .715

5oo *U98 • 5ol* .527 .576 .501* .616 • 719

10 . h9h .500 .521* •575 .1*99 .619 .721*

20 .1*98 .502 .526 .578 .500 .623 .726

30 -5oU .506 .532 .581* .505 .628 • 732

Uo .513 • 5il* .51*0 .590 .511 .633 .736

550 .536 .536 .558 .608 • 530 .61*5 • 7UU

60 .586 .586 .600 .6UU .576 .672 .759

70 .662 .660 .665 .702 .652 ,711* .779

80 .71*5 .739 .739 .760 .736 .758 .799

90 *8o5 .800 .790 .802 • 796 • 790 . 8lU

600 .835 .830 .818 .827 .829 .809 .822

10 *8U8 .81*5 .832 .81*0 .8UU .820 .829

20 • 853 .852 .8U0 0 8U5 .850 .826 .831*

30 .856 .857 .81*1* .850 .851* .832 .838

Uo .858 .860 .8U8 .851* .858 .836 .8U1

650 .861 .863 .851 .856 .860 .81*0 .81*5

60 .861 .86U .851* .860 .862 • 8UU .8U8

70 .861 .865 .855 .861 .86U .8U8 .850

80 .862 • 866 .856 .863 .86U .850 .851*

90 .867 .870 . 860 .866 .868 .851* .855

700 .869 .872 .862 .869 .872 .856 .856

10 .870 .875 .865 .871 .871* .859 .859

20 .873 .876 .86? .873 .876 .861 .861

30 .871+ .877 .868 .871* .876 • 86U .86U

Uo .875 .878 .870 .875 .878 .865 .865

750 .871* 00

f>- 00 .

o~ 0

CO 6 .876 .880 .866 . 866
.

.

*
- 162 -

Bond Paper

Green

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave

length

ITp, Initial

Two Months Ten Months

Dark North South

Storage Exposure Exposure

£)ark North South

Storage Exposure Exposui

1*00 0. 1*1*9 O.U63 0.526 0.575 0.1*58 0.600 O06O6

10 .U26 .1*39 .521* .581* oU3U .611* .626

20 .10-8 .1*32 .525 .591* .1*30 .629 .6UU

30 • 1*33 .1*1*5 .538 .609 .1*14* .61*1 .661

ho • 1*37 .1*50 .51*9 .621 o!4i9 .651* 0676

1*50 • 501 .517 .592 • 6U1|. .520 .671 .690

60 .619 .637 . 660 .687 .636 .692 .705

70 .695 .710 .702 .710 .701* .708 .716

80 .721* .735 .717 .721 .726 .716 .721*

90 • 736 • 7UU .725 .726 .736 .721* .732

500 .738 .71*6 . 727 .729 .738 •729 .738

10 .736 • 71*2 .726 .728 .736 .731 .71*2

20 .732 .736 .720 .723 o730 .731 .714*

30 .717 .725 .710 • 711* .718 .729 .71*5

ho .705 .706 .695 .701 .700 .721* .71*1* 55o .681 .682 .676 .68U .676 .716 .71*2

6o .653 .652 .651* .666 .61*8 .706 • 738

70 .620 .620 .630 .61*3 0616 .696 .732

80 .586 .586 .605 .619 .581 .682 .725

90 .552 .553 .579 .596 .550 .670 .718

600 .519 .520 .555 .571* .517 066O .711

10 .1*91* .1*91* •536 .555 oU9ll .651 .709

20 .1*78 .1*76 .525 .51*1* .1*79 . 61|8 .707

30 .U66 .1|66 .519 .539 •U69 0 6i|6 .708

Uo • U6o oil60 .516 .536 .U6U .650 .710

650 .1*56 .1*56 .518 .536 .1*60 .651* .711*

60 .1*1*6 • UU6 .511* .531* .14*8 .651* .716

70 .1*28 .1*26 .500 • 523 .1*30 .651 .716

80 .1*21 .1*19 .1*96 .519 .1*28 .651* .720

90 •hhh °hhX .519 • 536 • U55 .669 .728

700 .1*69 .1*70 .551* • 566 .1*81 .687 .71*0

10 .1*85 .U88 .580 .588 .500 .705 .750

20 .5io .510 .612 .611* .521* .722 .761*

30 .531 .533 • 636 .636 • 51*5 .71*0 .775

ho .561 .560 .658 .658 .576 .755 .786

750 .603 .596 .689 .689 .621 .771* .798

- 163

Bond Paper

Yellow

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure <> (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets »)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length Dark North South Dark North South

irp. Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.059 0.060 0.065 0.071* 0.062 0.088 0.192

10 .057 .058 .063 .071 .060 .081* .191*

20 .057 .059 .061 .071 .060 .081* .198

30 .058 .060 .063 .071* .060 . 081* .201,

1*0 .060 .062 .065 .076 .062 .087 .212

i*5o .061* .066 .069 .080 .066 .092 .221*

60 .069 .071 .075 .088 .070 .100 .238

70 .076 .079 .083 .098 .078 .112 .255

80 .089 .092 .098 .115 .090 .129 .278

90 .113 .117 .125 .11*5 .111* .159 .309

5oo .152 .156 .168 .190 .151* .205 .31*9

10 .211 .216 .231 .251* .211* .268 .392

20 .281 .283 .300 •321* .282 .331* .1*39

30 •31*1* • .31*6 .361 .385 .31*5 .391* .1*79

1*0 .392 .391* .1*10 .1*35 .392 • 1*1*0 .511*

550 .1*36 .1*1*0 .1*51* .1*80 .1*38 .1*80 .51*5

60 .1*96 .1*93 .506 .528 .1*90 .521* .576

70 • 561 .561* .571* .588 .559 .578 .608

80 .61*3 .61*6 • 61*3 .650 .636 .636 .638

90 .708 •711 .711 .703 .701* .681 .666

600 .750 .755 .755 .736 .750 .720 .686

10 .777 .782 .782 .758 . 776 .71*6 .701*

20 .795 .800 .800 .771* .795 .765 .718

30 .808 .811* .812 .781* .809 .780 .730

1*0 .818 .821* .821 .792 .818 .792 .71*0

650 .826 .832 .828 .800 .826 .801 .750

60 .831 .836 .831* .806 .832 .809 .759

70 .836 .81*2 .838 .811 .836 .816 .766

80 .839 .81*5 .81*2 .815 .81*1 .821 .771*

90 .81*1* .81*7 .81*7 .819 .81*1* .826 .780

700 .81*6 .850 .850 .821, .81*7 .831 .786

10 .81*8 .852 .852 .826 .850 .836 .791

20 .851 .853 .853 .830 .851 .839 .796

30 .852 .855 .855 .831* .851* .81*2 .801

1*0 .853 .856 .856 .836 .851* .81*1* .806

75o .852 .857 .857 .839 .855 .81*6 .810

- 16U -

Mirneo Bond Paper

Blue

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure* (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets*)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length Dark North South Dark North South

rryi Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.61j9 0.668 0.666 0.61*2 0.61*5 0.659 0.616

10 .672 .692 .685 .661* .669 .673 .637

20 .692 .711 .700 .681* .689 .689 .658

30 .710 .728 .713 .700 .706 .702 .676

ho .726 .71*3 .721* • 711* .721 .711* .690

bS0 • 739 .751* .732 .721* .731* .721* .705

6o .71*9 .761 .736 .730 .71*3 .733 .716

70 .751* .761* .738 .735 .71*6 .71*0 .726

80 .751* .762 .738 .738 .71*6 .71*5 .735

90 .750 .756 • 735 .737 .71*2 .71*9 .71*2

5oo • 738 • 71*1* .728 .735 • 732 .750 .71*6

10 .725 .728 .720 .730 .718 .750 •750

20 .710 .710 .711 .723 .701 .71*9 .752

30 .690 .688 . 698 .711* .680 .71*5 .751*

ho .661 .658 .681* .701* .651 .71*1 • 751*

55o .631* .632 .670 .691* .626 • 736 .751*

6o .620 .616 .658 .681* .611* .732 .751

70 .611* .608 .61*2 .670 .606 .725 .750

80 .599 .592 .626 .655 .590 .718 • 71*8

90 • 581 .575 .608 .61*2 .571* .712 .71*5

600 .567 .562 .596 .632 .560 .709 .71*1* 10 .552 .51*7 .585 .621* .51*7 .706 .71*2

20 • 532 .528 .572 .611* .526 .702 .71*1

30 • 5o5 • 5ol* .558 .603 .501* .700 .71*0

ho .1*82 .1*85 • 51*6 .596 .1*86 .698 • 71*0

650 .1*71* .1*78 .51*1* .593 .1*80 .700 .71*2

60 .1*72 .1*81 .550 .596 .1*81* .701 • 71*5

70 .1*71 .1*81 .551* • 599 .1*85 .706 .750

80 .1*75 .1*85 .560 .601* .1*90 .713 .751*

90 .1*78 .1*89 .567 .611 .1*91* .720 .759

700 .1*73 .1*88 .571* .618 .1*90 .726 .761*

10 .1*69 .1*88 .582 .626 .1*90 .731* .770

20 .1*66 .1*91 .598 .637 .1*91* .71*6 .779

30 .1*67 .1*96 .612 .650 .500 .751* .781*

ho .1*86 .512 .630 .670 .526 . 766 .791*

750 .532 • 555 .661* .696 .580 -=t CO

C"- • •

OO O
'Ti J

• • V
- 165 -

Mimso Bond Paper

Tuscan

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Ware Two Months Ten Months

length

ITp, Initial

Dark

Storage

North

Exposure

South

Exposure

Dark North South

Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.327 0.339 0.360 0.39U 0.339 o.U5o 0.556

10 .318 .330 .350 .389 .328 • Ilii6 .566

20 .318 .330 • 3U6 .390 .326 .UU6 .578

30 .326 .336 • 353 .396 -330 •U5l .589

ho .338 • 3U9 .36U .U09 .3U2 oh6h .603

U5o .356 .366 .382 .U28 .359 .1x80 . 6l6

60 .376 .386 .UOI •UU9 .379 .500 .630

70 .Uoo .U07 • U2U .U70 .hoo .522 .6UU

80 .U32 • U36 •U5U .500 • U30 • 5U9 .659

90 •U68 .U70 .1x89 • 53U .U68 .582 .676

5oo . U99 • 5oU .523 .568 .500 .611; .69U

10 •523 .527 .550 .59U .526 .6ItO .710

20 • 5Uo • 567 .613 .5UU .656 .72U

30 .552 .557 .580 o626 • 55U .669 .732

ho .561 .565 .588 .635 .563 .6 78 .7U0

550 .578 .580 .602 .6U6 .578 .689 .ISO

60 . 6l6 .616 .633 .673 .615 .710 .761

70 .676 .67U .68U .716 .675 • 7U1 .778

80 .756 .750 .ISO .169 .ISO .780 .796

90 .816 .8lU .807 .812; .812 .812 .812

600 .85U .856 ==f OO • .8UU .850 • 83U • 821;

10 .871 . 87U .860 .858 .866 .8U8 .830

20 . 880 .882 .870 .866 .816 .856 .836

30 .882 .886 .875 .872 .881 .861 .8U2

ho .885 .890 .879 .876 .885 .866 .8U6

650 .888 .892 . 883 .880 .888 .870 .850

6o .891 .89U . 88U .883 .890 • 87U • 85U

70 .893 08 9h .885 .885 .891 .878 .856

80 . 89U .895 .887 .887 .892 .880 .860

90 .897 .898 .890 .890 . 896 . 88U .861;

700 .898 .902 .893 .893 .900 .88? .866

10 .901 .90U .896 .896 • 90U .890 .869

20 .900 .905 .899 .899 .905 .89U .871

30 .900 o907 .900 .900 .908 .895 .87U

ho .903 .909 .902 .902 .908 .896 .875

750 .902 .910 «903 • 903 .910 .899 .876

- 166 = Mimeo Bond Paper

Green

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure o (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets*)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length

UVL Initial

Dark North

Storage Exposure

1*00 0.1*26 0. 1*1*0 0.1*93

10 .1*07 .1*19 • U9U

20 .1*03 • Ul6 .500

30 .Ul6 .1*30 .512

Uo .1*21* .1*36 .521

l*5o *1*79 .1*99 .562

60 .582 .596 .605

70 • 6U6 . 660 .61*5

80 .676 .686 . 66l

90 .689 .696 .670

5oo .69U .700 .673

10 .691* .700 .672

20 .689 .692 . 666

30 .677 .680 .655

Uo . 660 .661 . 6Ul

55o • 6U0 .638 .625

6o .610 .612 0 60U

70 • 583 • 580 .580

80 .51*9 • 51*7 .556

90 .516 .511* .532

600 .1*83 • U8l .509

10 .1*58 .1*57 .1*91

20 .1*1*2 .1*1*2 »U80

30 .1*28 .1*31 .1*71* Uo .1*19 .1*23 .1*70

650 .1*11* .1*18 .1*71

60 • UoU .1*08 .1*67

70 .390 •392 .1*58

80 .387 .388 .1*57

90 .1*05 • Uo6 .1*76

700 •U21 .1*30 .502

10 .1*29 .UUo .521

20 .1*1*5 .1*55 .51*6

30 .1*57 .1*67 .568

Uo .1*82 .U86 .589

75o •523 .522 .619

South Dark North South

Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

0.580 0.1*32 0.571* 0.596

.591 •UlU .590 .615

.602 .1*12 .605 .630

.615 .1*25 .617 .6U6

.626 .1*32 .629 . 660

.61*5 .1*92 »6U5 .671*

.669 .588 0662 .686

.68U .61*5 0676 .696

.691* .670 .686 .701*

.699 .68U .691* .711

.700 .689 .698 .716

.700 .689 .700 .720

.695 .68U .700 .721

.686 .671 .696 .721

.675 .651* .691 .720

0661 .632 .68U .717

o6U5 .608 .675 .715

.628 .578 .665 .710

.610 .51*1* .652 .706

.590 .511* 0 6Ul .700

.571* .1*82 .631 .696

.560 .1*59 .625 • 69U

.550 oUUU .621 .691*

.51*1* 0 U3U .620 .69U

.51*1 .U26 .620 .695

.5la .1*22 .621* .6 99

.539 .1*11 .621* .700

.532 .396 .621* .702

.532 .396 .626 .705

.51*6 .Ul6 .637 .712

.561* oU36 .651 .720

.579 .UU6 .666 .730

.599 .1*61 .681 .71*2

.616 .1*75 • 696 .751

.631* .500 .710 .760

.659 .51*6 0 729 0 772
I ,

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- 167 -

Mirneo Bond Paper

Orange

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Ejyed Papers and Cardboards far the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Mon ths Ten Months

length Dark North South "Dark North South

rip. Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.066 0„065 0.070 0.070 0.068 0.106 0.201

10 .062 .062 .068 .068 .061* .103 .201*

20 .061 .062 .067 .067 .061* .102 .209

30 .062 .06U .069 .069 .061* .101* .215

Uo .066 .065 .071 .071 .066 .108 .221*

U5o .070 .070 .076 .076 .070 .111* .236

6o .077 .076 .081* .081* .076 .121* .256

70 .086 .085 .093 .093 .081* .136 .269

80 .102 .100 .109 .109 .100 .156 .292

90 .131 .127 .138 .138 .128 .196 .321*

5oo .177 .172 .183 .183 .175 .21*2 .361*

10 .21*3 .236 .250 .250 .21*1* .305 .1*10

20 .313 .309 .316 .332 .315 .371* .1*55

30 • 373 .373 .382 .390 .379 .1*32 .1*98

hO .1*22 .U20 .1*30 .1*1*0 .1*25 .1*76 • 532

550 .1*63 .U63 .1*73 .1*81* .1*66 .515 .561*

60 .316 .516 .522 .531* • 520 .558 .591*

70 .387 .588 • 589 .589 .591* .611 .626

80 .666 .670 .670 .670 .673 .671 .661

90 .738 .7U5 .736 .736 .71*1* .721 .692

600 .789 .79U .781* . 779 .791 .760 .716

10 .820 .825 .816 .809 .820 .788 .737

20 .81*0 .8U5 .836 .828 . 81*0 .810 .751*

30 .851 .856 .850 .81*2 .852 .826 .770

Uo .859 .865 .858 .851 .860 .837 .781

65o .866 .871 .865 .860 .868 .81*9 • 791*

60 .871 .875 .871 .866 .872 .855 .802

70 .871* .878 .875 .870 .875 .862 .812

80 .877 • 880 .879 .875 .879 .867 .821

90 .881 .885 .883 .879 .883 .872 .829

700 .881* .889 .885 .882 .886 .876 .836

10 .890 .892 .889 .886 .890 .880 .81*1* 20 .890 .89U .892 .889 .891* .881* .81*9

30 .891 .896 .893 .891 .895 .888 .851*

Uo .891* .898 .896 .891* .898 .890 .859

750 .893 .900 .897 .895 .900 .891* .862
• ' ' ' ; :io

.. j ,
- 168 -

Mimeo Bond Paper

Pink

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure,, (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets-)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length Dark North South Dark North South

rryL Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.509 0.523 0.530 0.577 0.516 0.589 0.636

10 .511 • 528 • 537 .585 .518 .600 .651*

20 .517 .531* .51*7 .595 .525 .610 .670

30 .528 .51*6 .559 .607 • 531* .622 .681*

Uo .537 • 555 .570 .616 .51*1* .632 .696

u*o .510- .555 .575 .622 • 51*9 .61*1 .707

60 • 538 .551* .5 75 .621 •51*5 .61*9 .716

70 .529 .51*1* .569 .615 • 536 .650 .722

80 • 521 .533 .562 .607 .529 .651* .726

90 .512 .522 .555 .600 .520 .651* .729

500 .503 .512 .51*7 .591 .510 .651* .731

10 .1*98 .506 .51*2 .587 • 5ol* .651* .733

20 .501 .506 .51*1* .589 .506 .656 • 736

30 .507 .512 .550 .592 .511 .661 .71*1

Uo .516 .519 .556 .600 .516 .666 • 71*6

55o •5ia .51*2 .575 .617 .538 .679 .751*

6o .592 .593 .617 .655 .590 .706 .770

70’ .676 .669 .681* .715 .670 .71*5 .792

80 . 756 .759 .759 .778 .761 .789 .816

90 .830 .830 .816 .830 .825 .825 .836

600 .866 .866 .850 .858 .862 .81*U .81*6

10 .880 .883 .865 .873 .876 .851* .851*

20 .887 .890 .872 .880 .881* .862 .860

30 .888 .891* .877 .881* .888 .868 .861*

Uo .888 .895 .880 .887 .890 .872 .868

650 .889 .896 .882 .891 .892 .876 .872

60 .891 .898 .885 .891* .891* .880 .871*

70 .893 .900 .887 .896 .896 .883 .876

80 .893 .900 .890 .898 .898 .886 .880

90 .897 .903 .891 .900 .900 .889 .883

700 .898 .901* .891* .902 .901 .891 .886

10 .901 .901* .896 .901* .901* .891* .886

20 .899 .905 .898 .905 .901* .8 96 .890

30 .900 .906 .900 .906 .90

6

.899 .891

Uo .902 .908 .900 .908 .908 .900 .893

750 .902 .909 .901 .909 .911 .902 .891*
f.
- 169 - Mimeo Bond Paper

Dull Yellow

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length ~T5ark North South Dark North South

np. Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.300 0.310 0.332 0.380 0.312 0.1*29 0.538

10 .288 .298 .325 .378 .298 .1*26 .550

20 .285 .296 .325 .381 .291* .1*29 .561*

30 .291 .302 .331 .390 .298 .1*36 • 575

h0 .303 .311* • 3l*l* .1*01* .308 .1*1*8 • 589

U5o .322 .333 .362 .1*22 • 326 .1*61* .602

6o • 3U5 .356 .385 • 1*1*5 • 350 .1*81* .618

70 .376 .381* .1*13 .1*71 .372 .509 .633

80 .1*19 .1*25 .1*50 .505 .1*19 .51*0 .650

90 .1*76 .1*80 .501* • 550 .1*76 .580 .672

5oo .539 .51*1* .562 .600 .51*0 .621* .691

10 .599 .608 .616 .61*6 .603 .665 .716

20 .61*6 .652 .659 .682 .650 .695 .733

30 .680 .686 .689 .708 .681* .718 • 71*9

ho .701* .710 .710 .726 • 701* • 731* .760

550 .730 .733 .733 .71*5 .728 .750 .772

60 .765 .768 .761* .769 .761* .771 .781*

70 .807 .810 .797 .797 .805 .795 .196

80 .81*2 .81*6 .830 .820 . 81*0 .816 .810

90 .863 .861* .850 • 837 .860 .830 .819

600 .872 .875 . 860 .81*7 .870 .81*0 .826

10 .880 .882 .866 .851* .876 .81*9 .832

20 .888 .886 .872 .860 .882 .855 .838

30 .888 .890 .876 .866 .886 .861 . 81*1* ho .888 .893 .880 .870 .890 .866 .81*8

650 .890 .896 .881* .871* .891* .871 .852

60 .892 .900 .886 .879 .896 .871* .858

70 .893 .901 .890 .882 .899 .878 .861

80 .896 .903 .892 .885 .900 .882 .866

90 .898 .905 .895 .888 .903 .881* .869

700 .898 .906 .897 .891 .905 .887 .871

10 .901* .907 .898 .891* .906 .890 .871*

20 .903 .908 .900 .896 .908 .893 .816

30 .902 .909 .902 .898 • 909 .895 . 879

hO .901* .910 .902 .900 .910 .896 . 880

750 .903 .911 .901* .900 .910 .899 .882

- 170 - Mimeo Bond Paper

Bright Yellow

Spectral Directicnal Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure <> (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length Dark North South Dark North South

irp. Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.206 0.210 0.280 0.372 0.215 o.iai* 0.560

10 .186 • .190 .262 .362 .191* .1*07 .570

20 .181 .187 .260 .362 .189 .1*08 .578

30 .190 .196 .266 .370 .198 .1*11* .589

Uo .196 .202 .271* .382 .201* .1*25 .600

U5o .23U .2 1*5 .316 .lao .250 .1*50 .617

60 .311 •325 .376 .1*50 .326 . 1*81 .631*

70 • 38U .396 .1*29 .1*81* .391* .513 .650

80 • UU7 .1*57 .1*78 .525 .1*51* .51*6 .670

90 .515 .525 .51*0 .580 .521 .591 .691*

5oo .588 .598 .609 .637 .598 .6ia .718

10 .662 .671* .678 .698 .672 .692 .71*2

20 .728 .736 .736 • 71*1* .732 .732 .762

30 .779 .785 .788 .788 .779 • 761* .780

Uo .816 .820 .806 % .801* .811 .781* .791*

55o .8U0 .81,2 .826 .821 .831* .802 .801*

60 .856 .856 .8ia .831* .850 .815 .815

70 .865 .866 .852 .81*5 .860 .826 .821*

80 .87U .875 .861 .851* .870 .837 .830

90 .880 .881 .868 .860 .875 .81*5 .836

6oo .881 .881, .872 .865 .879 .850 .81*1* 10 • 88U .886 .876 .869 .882 .858 .81*9

20 .888 .890 .880 .872 .885 .861* .852

30 .888 .892 .883 .876 .888 .868 .857

Uo .889 .891* .885 .879 .890 .872 .861

650 .890 .896 .888 .882 .892 .876 .865

60 .892 ,898 .890 .881, .891* . 880 .870

70 .893 .898 .891 .886 .896 .882 .872

80 .896 .899 .892 .889 .896 .885 .875

90 .898 .900 .895 .891 .899 .888 . 879

700 .898 • 901* .897 .891* .900 .890 .880

10 .901 .901* .899 .896 .902 .89I* .881,

20 .899 .905 .900 .897 .901* .895 .886

30 .900 .906 .900 .899 .906 .897 .888

Uo .902 .907 .901 .900 .906 .899 .88 9

750 .901 .908 .903 .901 .909 .900 .891

- 171 - Onion Skin Paper

Blue

Spectral Directional Reflectance of l^red Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure, (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length t)ark North South bark North South

mp Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

l*oo 0.530 0.556 0.5h8 0.558 0.5h8 0.555 0.532

10 .553 .580 .571 .576 .571 .577 .551*

20 .572 .599 .590 .591* .591 .595 .571

30 .590 .616 .608 .610 .610 .612 .586

ho •605 .630 .621 .625 .62h .62h .600

l*5o .618 • 6h2 .630 .633 .636 .631 .610

60 .628 .61*9 .635 .637 .6h2 .635 .611*

70 .632 .650 .631* .636 .61*3 .631* .616

80 .630 .6hh .630 .630 .638 .629 .611*

90 .620 .633 .617 .617 .626 .619 • 606

500 .605 .615 .5 99 .599 .609 .602 .595

10 .580 • 589 .575 .575 .582 .582 .582

20 .557 .563 .550 .551* .558 .561* .568

30 .530 .535 .521* .530 .531 .510- .552

ho .507 .510 .500 .508 .506 .

in C\J O .536

550 .1*83 • h86 .1*76 .I486 .h82 .500 .520

60 .h6l .1*65 .1*51* .1*65 .h6l .1*79 .503

70 •hhl • hhh .1*32 ohhh »hhO .1*58 .h86

80 .10-9 .1*23 .1*10 .1*23 .1*19 .1*38 .1*70

90 .1*00 .1*02 -390 .1*02 • OO • hl6 .1*50

600 .380 .381* .369 .381* .380 .398 .h3h

10 • 36h .367 .352 .367 •36h .380 .1*20

20 .31*9 .352 .336 .352 .350 .366 • h06

30 .337 • 310L .325 .31*1 .339 .351* .395

U0 .329 .332 •315 •332 .330 • 3hh .386

65o .32U .326 .309 .326 .325 .336 .379

60 .319 .322 .301* .322 .322 .332 .371*

70 .317 .320 .301 .320 .320 .329 .370

80 .316 .319 .300 .319 .320 .326 .369

90 .316 .320 .302 .320 .321 .326 .368

700 .318 .322 •301* .322 .321* .328 .369

10 .320 .325 .307 .325 .328 .330 .371

20 .3211 •330 .312 .330 «332 .331* .371*

30 .329 .335 .317 .335 • 339 .339 .379

ho .331* • 31*0 .323 .31*0 .31*5 .31*5 .38I4

750 338 •3h6 329 *3h6 -351 .351 389
\* rP '

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- 172 -

Onion Skin Paper

Green

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure* (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave

length

rrp. Initial

Two Months Ten Months

Dark

Storage

North South

Exposure Exposure

Dark North

Storage Exposure

South

Exposu]

1*00 0.397 0. 1*16 O.hkh 0.1*70 0.1*10 0.1*95 0.1*71

10 .391* .1*12 .1*50 ohOh .1;08 • 5ll .1*92

20 .390 .1*09 .1*56 .1*95 .1*05 .529 .510

30 .395 .1*11* .U65 .506 .1*10 .51*1* .528

hO .1*09 .1+26 .1*77 .520 .1*22 .556 .51*2

l*5o .1*23 .1*1*1 oU89 .529 .1*36 .566 .555

60 .1*56 .1*75 .510 .51*2 .1*70 .571* .561,

70 .506 .525 .538 .558 .518 .580 .569

80 .51*5 .560 .551* .561* .550 .580 .5 70

90 .562 .571* .556 .562 .561* .571* .568

5oo .565 .571* .551 .551* .562 .565 .562

10 .556 .562 .539 .51*2 .550 e55o .551

20 .539 .51*5 .522 .525 .531* .531* .51*0

30 .519 .522 .500 .506 .511 .512 .521*

Uo .1*96 .1*97 .1*76 .1*81* .1*89 .1*89 .508

550 .1*69 • ll69 .1*50 • I4. 6O .U62 .1*62 .U88

60 .1*1*2 • Uh2 .1*22 .1*35 • li3l* .1*38 .I168

70 .1*09 chXh .391* .1*09 • U06 .1*12 .UU8

80 .388 .386 .369 .385 .380 .388 .1*25

90 .363 .362 <> 3hh .362 .356 •361; • l;0l; 600 .31*2 .31*1 .322 .31*1 • 335 .31*1 .385

10 .323 .323 .303 .323 .317 .321* .368

20 .307 .306 .286 .306 .300 .308 .353

30 .292 .291* .271* .291* .289 .291* .31*0

Uo .282 • 2 81; .261* .281; .279 .281; .330

650 .271* .276 .256 .276 .271 .276 .321*

6o .267 .270 .250 .271 . 266 .270 .316

70 .263 .266 .21*6 .267 .263 0 266 .311*

80 .261 .261* * 2hh c 266 .261 .26h .310

90 .260 .263 .21*1* 0 266 .262 .261* .310

700 .260 • 26h »2l;6 .268 .265 .266 .311

10 .262 • 266 .250 .270 . 26U .269 .313

20 • 26U .268 .252 .271* .270 .271* .316

30 .269 .272 .257 o277 .275 .278 .320

hO .273 .276 .262 .282 .281 .281; .325

750 • .276 .280 e 266 .288 .287 o290 .330
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V

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- 173 -

Onion Skin Paper

Orange

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure » (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets o)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length bark North South bark North South

mp Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

koo 0.211* 0.222 0.311*

10 .201* .212 .311*

20 .196 .205 .315

30 .192 .200 • 316

hO .188 .196 .319

k5o .181 .189 .316

6o .172 .179 .312

70 .163 .170 .308

80 .156 .161 .303

90 .151* .159 .302

5oo .157 .163 .306

10 .161* .169 .311*

20 .175 .179 .327

30 .202 .205 • 359

ho .257 .262 .1*16

55o .357 • 363 .1*91* 60 .1*83 .1*93 .569

70 .601 .611 .625

80 .678 .686 .662

90 .736 .721* .686

600 .71*9 .71*2 .702

10 .750 .752 .711*

20 .753 .756 .721

30 .751* .760 .727

ho .756 .761* .732

65o .759 .765 • 737

60 .759 .767 .71*0

70 .759 .769 .71*5

80 .759 .770 • 71*7

90 .761 .771 .750

700 .762 .772 .752

10 .763 .771* .755

20 .763 .771* .756

30 .765 .775 • 757

ko .761* .775 .759

750 .763 . 776 .760

0.360 0.225 0.1*52 0.1*86

.375 .216 .1*70 .509

.382 .208 .1*86 .528

.388 .202 .500 .51*5

.395 .200 .511* .563

.398 .191 .521* .576

.1*00 .180 .535 .590

.1*02 .171 .51*5 .601*

.1*01* .161* .551* .616

.1*06 .160 .561 .626

.1*11* .162 .570 .636

.1*23 .168 .579 .61*6

.1*39 .178 .588 .651*

.1*68 .202 .60l* .661*

.518 .255 .621* .673

.576 .351* .61*1* .680

.626 .1*80 .661 .688

.659 .600 .672 .691*

.682 .679 .681 .700

.697 .720 .690 .705

.710 .738 .696 .711

.719 .71*7 .702 .715

.725 .752 .708 .719

.732 .756 .712 .721*

.737 .751* .716 .726

• 71*2 .760 .720 .729

.71*6 .762 • 721* .732

.750 • 761* .728 .735

.751* .766 .731 .738

• 756 • 76? .731* .71*0

.759 .768 .736 .71*2

.760 .770 .71*0 .71*1* .762 .770 .71*2 .71*6

.761* .771 .71*1* . 71*8

.765 . 772 • 7l*6 .750

.767 .772 .71*8 .750
-

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- 17h -

Onion Skin Paper

Pink

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure* (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets*)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length Dark North South "Dark North South

Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.1*58 0.1*78 0.1*62 0.1*83 0.1*70 0.1*83 0.509

10 .1*71* .1*93 .1*80 .505 .h86 .5ol* .531*

20 .h88 .508 • h96 .521 .501 .521 .551*

30 .5o5 .521* .511* .51*0 .519 .51*o .571

ho .511 • 530 .520 .550 .527 .55o .589

l*5o .1*92 .509 .509 .51*2 .510 .551* .600

60 •h6l .1*71* .1*82 .521* .1*78 .51*8 ,6oh

70 •h26 .1*38 .1*51* .500 .1*1*1 .536 .605

80 .393 .1*02 .1*27 .1*79 .1*08 .521* .605

90 .365 • 371* .1*02 .1*58 .378 .5n .601*

$00 • 3hh .350 .383 • hhl .351* .500 .600

10 .330 .336 .371 .1*31 •339 .1*91* .600

20 .325 .330 .367 .1*30 .332 •h9h • 6oh

30 .328 •331 .370 *h3h .332 .1*98 .609

l*o .335 .338 .376 • hho .336 .502 • 6lh

$$o .351* • 355 .391* .1*59 .351 .516 .625

60 .392 *392 .1*31* .500 .386 • 550 • 6hh

70 .1*53 .l*5o .1*91* .559 .1*1*5 .600 .670

80 .538 .51*0 •571 .627 .531 • 65o .691*

90 .636 0636 .61*2 .682 .631 • 686 .708

600 .702 .707 .695 .716 .701 • 706 .715

10 . 735 .71*0 .720 .733 .736 .718 • 720

20 .750 .756 .731* .71*2 .750 .721* .721*

30 .755 .761* .71*2 .71*6 .760 .729 .728

ho .759 .767 .71*6 .750 .761* .732 .730

6J0 .761 .770 .71*8 .751* .766 .736 .732

60 .762 .771 .751 .756 .767 .738 .731*

70 .763 .771* .752 .758 .769 .71*0 .736

80 .763 .771* .751* .759 .110 .71*2 .738

90 .761* .776 .755 .760 .110 .71*1* .71*0

700 .761* .778 .756 .762 .110 • 7h6 .71*0

10 • 7 66 .779 .756 .762 .110 .71*8 .71*2

20 .766 .780 .758 .761* .111 .750 o7hh

30 .767 .780 .759 .76h .112 .750 .71*5

ho .767 .781 .760 .765 . 772 .751 .71*5

750 .765 .781 .760 .766 - 773 .752 .71*6

- 175 -

Onion Skin Paper

Canary Yellow

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length

mp Initial

Dark North South

Storage Exposure Exposure

Dark North South

Storage Exposure [Exposure

l*oo 0.21*8 0.256 0.339 0.386 0.258 0.1*70 0.51*6

10 .235 .21*2 .330 .383 0 2UU .1*75 .560

20 .225 .231* • 321* .381 .235 • U80 .572

30 .227 .238 .327 .388 .236 • I4.86 .581*

ho .21*0 .251 .331* .1*00 .250 .1*98 .596

1*50 .255 .268 • 352 • lllli .265 .509 .608

60 .292 .312 .388 .1*1*2 .308 .531 . 621

70 • 363 .3 87 • UU2 .1*83 .379 .559 . 636

80 .1*1*2 .1*61* .1*91 .518 .1*55 .581* .650

90 • 5ll .530 .532 • 550 • 519 .605 .661

5oo .567 .583 • 5 75 • 583 .571* .626 .672

10 .617 .631 .612 .612 .620 .61*6 .681

20 .652 .666 .61*1* .61*2 .655 .661; .689

30 .685 • 696 .672 .666 .686 .679 .696

ho .710 .717 9 691; . 686 .709 .691 .702

55o .725 .732 .709 .702 .725 .700 .707

6o .731* .71*0 .719 .711* .733 .707 .710

70 .738 • 7 hh .725 .720 .737 .712 .712

80 .71*1 .71*6 .730 .726 .71*0 .716 .716

90 • 7UU .71*9 .731* .731 .71*1* .720 .720

600 .71*1* .750 .736 .731* . 7UU .721* .722

10 .71*3 .750 .738 .738 .71*5 .726 .721*

20 • 7UU .751 .71*0 .71*0 .71*6 .728 .725

30 .71*1* .752 .71*2 .71*2 .71*8 .731 .726

ho . 7U6 .755 .71*1* • 71*1* .750 .731* • 730

65o .750 .758 .71*8 .71*8 .751* .738 -732

60 .752 .760 .750 .750 .756 .71*0 .731*

70 .751* .762 .753 • 753 .758 .71*1* .736

8o .751* .761; .751* • 751* .760 .71*1* .736

90 .755 .7 61; .755 . 755 .760 • 71*6 .738

700 .757 .765 • 756 .756 .761 .71*6 .738

10 .758 .766 .756 .756 .762 .71*9 .71*0

20 . 757 .766 .757 .757 .762 .750 .71*0

30 .758 • 766 .757 • 757 .763 .750 .71*0

ho .757 .766 .758 .758 • 761i .750 .71*1

750 .756 .766 .758 .758 • 761; .750 .71*2

- 176 - Onion Skin Paper

Yellow

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length "Dark North South bark North South

irpL Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

l*oo 0.153 0.159 0.188 0.210 0.162 0.266 0.392

10 .11*6 .152 .182 .206 .151* .262 • h06

20 •lh

h

.150 .181 .208 .150 .261 • hl6

30 .11*8 .153 .185 .213 .152 .265 .1*28

ho .153 .159 .192 .223 .158 .271* • hho

wo .163 .169 .201* .236 .166 .288 .1*56

60 .177 .181 .221 .251* .179 .307 .1*71* 70 .191* .198 .21*2 .279 .196 .330 .1*92

80 .220 .222 .272 .311 .220 .361* • 5ll*

90 .256 .256 .316 .356 .256 .1*07 .51*2

5oo .300 .300 .369 .1*11* .300 .1*62 .572

10 .31*9 .350 .1*26 .1*71* .350 .516 .6oh

20 .399 .1*00 .1*79 • 525 .1*00 .562 .630

30 .1*69 .1*65 .532 .571* .1*69 .600 .650

ho .555 •55o .589 .6l6 • 550 .632 • 666

550 .61*1 .639 .6hh .651* .639 .659 .679

60 .699 .700 .682 .682 .691* .678 .690

70 .733 .733 .708 .702 .729 • 69h .700

80 .752 .751* .725 .716 .750 .706 .706

90 .761* .765 .737 .727 .761 .711* .711*

600 .770 .772 .71*6 .736 .768 .721* .720

10 .771* .777 .752 .71*3 .773 .729 .726

20 .777 .781 .756 .71*9 .776 .731* •731

30 .778 .781* .761 .751* .779 .71*0 .736

ho .780 .786 .765 .759 .781 • 7hh .71*0

650 .781* .789 .768 .761* .781* .71*9 • 7hh

60 .781* .790 .771 .766 .786 .751 .71*7

70 .785 .792 .771* .770 .788 .756 .750

80 .786 .791* .775 .772 .789 .758 .751*

90 .788 .791* .776 .771* .790 .761 .757

700 .788 .795 .777 .777 .790 .761* .760

10 .789 .795 .779 .779 .791 „ 766 .762

20 .788 .796 .780 .780 .792 .768 .761*

30 .790 .796 .781 .781 .792 .770 .766

ho .789 .796 .782 .782 .793 .770 .767

750 •

-0 CO -v] . 796 r 00 0 .783 .793 .773 .769
'

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. . .: v:; : ;.i

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.

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-

.

.

.

• •

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.

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- 177 -

Railroad Board

Blue

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Idai/e Two Months Ten Months

length Dark North South Dark North South

mp Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

loo 0.561* 0.590 0.632 0.671* 0.576 0.61*1 0.652

10 .600 .626 .61*8 .691 .610 .660 .670

20 .627 .650 .662 .708 .631* .676 .681*

30 .61a .667 .671* .722 .650 .691 .697

Uo .656 .680 .683 .731* .661* .701* .709

U5o .666 .691 .691 • 71*1* .671* .715 .719

60 .671* .696 .699 .753 .681 .725 .728

70 .678 .695 .701* .760 .681 .731* .731*

80 .666 .681* .710 .766 .672 • 71*2 • 71*2

90 .61*5 .661 .716 .773 .650 .71*9 .71*9

$00 .611 .628 .720 .778 .620 .755 .755

10 .566 .578 .721* .782 .571 .761 .761

20 .509 .523 .726 .786 .516 .766 .766

30 .1*50 .1*60 .729 .790 •1*55 .773 .771

Uo .392 .1*03 .729 .791* .399 .778 .775

55o .31*3 • 351* .728 .800 • 350 .781* .780

60 .306 .313 .725 .801* .316 .790 .786

70 .286 .295 .722 .808 .291* .796 .791

80 .273 .280 .716 .812 .281 .802 .797

90 .266 .272 .710 .816 .272* .808 .802

600 .259 .266 .706 .820 .266 .811* .808

10 .253 .259 .701* . 821* .261 .820 . 8li*

20 .253 .258 .706 .826 .261 .826 .819

30 .267 .269 .713 .831 .275 .830 .821*

hO .301 .299 .725 .831* • 309 .836 .829

650 .358 .355 .71*2 .81*0 .370 .81*0 • 83I*

60 .1*1*6 .1*35 .765 .81*5 .1*56 .81*5 .838

70 .51*0 • 532 .786 .850 .559 .850 .8ia

80 ,631* .630 .810 .853 .658 .851* .81*5

90 .711* .708 .826 .856 • 731* .858 .81*9

700 .771* .770 .81*0 .860 .790 .861 .851

10 .813 .812 .851 .861 .826 . 861* .851*

20 .838 .81*0 .856 .861* .850 .868 .856

30 .851* .858 .863 .866 .866 .870 .859

ho .861* .869 .867 .867 .876 .872 .861

75o .870 .877 O

C'— CO • .870 .882 [>- -3- CO • .861*

- 178 -

Railroad Board

Green

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length Dark North South Dark North South

irp. Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.251* 0. 268 0.1*68 0.602 0.270 0.611 0.611

10 .256 .268 .1*72 .619 .270 .630 .630

20 .21*6 .256 .1*70 .632 .260 .61*7 • 61*7

30 .237 .21*8 .1*70 .614* .250 .661* .660

ho .238 .21*9 .1*72 . 65U .252 0676 .671*

1*50 .252 .265 .1*83 .665 .268 .690 .681*

60 .287 .301 .502 . 676 .306 .700 .691*

70 .355 .366 .532 .686 .372 .709 .701

80 *1*51* .1*65 • 566 .698 .1*70 .718 .710

90 .559 .569 .592 • 707 .572 .725 .717

500 .638 .650 .617 .715 .61*6 .732 .721*

10 .679 .689 .629 .720 .681* .739 .730

20 .685 .691* .630 .721* . 686 . 7U6 .736

30 .662 .670 .623 .728 • 661* .751 .71*3

Uo .621* .680 .610 .729 .625 .759 .750

55o .570 .576 .588 .729 .572 • 761* .756

60 .512 .519 .563 .725 .518 .770 .762

70 .1*52 .1*60 .531* .720 .1*60 .776 .768

80 .387 .396 .502 .711* .397 .782 .771*

90 •332 .339 .1*71* .701* .31*0 .788 .780

600 .291 .300 .1*50 .698 .301 .791* .786

10 .270 • 279 .1*33 .692 .280 .799 .792

20 .253 .262 .1*17 . 689 .265 .801* .798

30 .232 .21*0 .1*02 .689 .21*1* • 808 .802

ho .208 .2X6 • 390 .691* .220 .813 .808

65o .198 .201* .392 .706 .210 .819 .813

60 .207 .210 .1*15 • 729 .219 .826 .818

70 .235 .238 .1*62 .759 .250 .831 .822

80 .287 .289 .525 .785 .310 .836 .826

90 .368 • 370 .599 • 808 .396 .81*0 .830

700 .1*89 • I4.8I4. .677 .825 .519 . 81*1* 0 83I4. 10 .609 .608 .71*0 .836 .61*5 .81*8 .836

20 .718 .720 .786 .81*3 .71*8 .850 . 839

30 .781* .786 .815 .81*7 .806 .852 . 81*0

ilO .822 .826 .830 .850 .81*0 .851* .81*1* 750 .81*0 .81*6 CO CO CO • .852 .855 .856 .81*5

- 179 -

Railroad Board

Buff

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure® (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length

mp Initial

Dark North South

Storage Exposure Exposure

Dark

Storage

North

Exposure

South

Exposure

l*oo 0.21*5 0.257 0.31*3 0. 1*1*2 0.256 0.536 0.585

10 .225 .231* .332 .1*1*6 .236 .556 .608

20 .2X1* .222 .325 .1*50 .221* .571* .629

30 .208 .216 .321 .1*55 .216 .590 .61*6

ho .208 .211* .322 .1*62 .211* .6ol* .663

l*5o .208 .211* .325 .1*70 .213 .618 .676

6o .210 .216 .329 .1*79 .212 .629 .688

70 .211* .219 .336 .1*92 .216 .61*0 .698

80 .222 .226 .350 .510 .221* .651 .708

90 • 23 7 .21*0 .370 .533 .236 .661* .716

5oo .260 .261 .398 .561 .258 .676 .721*

10 .287 .290 .1*32 .591 .289 .689 .731

20 .316 .318 .1*66 .621 .318 .700 .738

30 .355 . 357 .505 .650 • 356 .711* .71*1* ho .1*28 .1*28 .562 .678 .1*30 .726 .750

55o • 551* .558 .631* .705 • 555 .738 .756

Go .670 .675 .690 .721* .671 .71*8 .762

70 •739 .71*3 .720 .739 .71*0 .756 .768

80 .772 .775 .71*0 .750 • 771* .761* .773

90 .785 • 789 • 753 .760 .788 .769 .777

600 • 791* .796 • 761* .768 .795 • 775 .781

10 .797 .801 .772 .775 .800 .780 .785

20 .800 .8O6 .779 .781 . 80l* .785 .788

30 .802 .809 .786 .786 • 806 .789 .791

1*0 • 80l* .811 .790 .790 .810 .791* .791*

650 .807 .8ll* .795 .795 .812 • 798 .798

60 .808 .816 .799 .799 .811* .800 .800

70 .809 .817 .803 .803 .816 .803 .802

80 .810 .820 .806 .806 .818 .806 e 806

90 .811* .821 .809 .809 .820 .808 .808

700 .815 .823 .812 .812 .822 .812 .810

10 .817 .821* .811* . 8ll* .821* . 8ll* .810

20 .817 .825 . 8l6 . 816 .825 . 8l6 .812

30 .817 .826 .819 .819 .826 .819 .8ll*

1*0 .818 .826 .8a .821 .826 .820 .8l6

75o .818 .826 .822 .822 .826 .822 .816

- 180 -

Railroad Board

Yellow

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure* (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets*

)

Wave

length

up, Initial

Two Months Ten Months

Dark North

Storage Exposure

South

Exposure

Dark North South

Storage Exposure Exposua

l*oo 0.089 0.091 0.130 0.210 0.091* 0.368 0.507

10 .088 .089 .126 .206 .091 • 368 .521

20 .085 .085 .122 .201* • 088 • 371 .531*

30 .081* .081* .120 .201* .086 .375 .51*5

Uo • 08U .08U .123 .206 .086 .380 .555

i*5o .087 .088 .126 .212 .090 .388 .561*

60 .097 .098 .138 .221* .100 .1*00 .5 72

70 .116 .116 .156 .21*5 .120 • Ul8 .581*

80 .11*7 •lU6 .185 .271* .150 0UU0 .591*

90 .196 .199 .233 .321 .206 .1*71* .610

5oo .283 .291 • 3ll* .391* .300 .521 .631

10 .1*23 .1*31 .1*31 .1*91* .UU8 .578 .655

20 .568 .580 .51*3 .579 .590 o626 .678

30 .685 .700 .635 .6U6 .692 .665 .696

Uo .71*6 .760 .691 .690 .751 .691 • 712

550 • 778 .790 •727 .718 .783 .713 .725

6o .798 .806 .750 .71*0 .800 .729 .736

70 .809 .817 .769 .757 .810 .71*1* .71*9

80 .818 .825 .781* .771 .820 .758 .758

90 .825 .832 .795 .781* .828 .769 .769

600 .831 .839 .806 • 791* .83U .780 . 776

10 .836 .81*1* • 8lU .802 .81*0 .790 .785

20 .81*0 .8U8 .820 .810 .8UU .800 • 792

30 .8U2 .851 .826 .817 .850 .808 .800

Uo .81*5 .855 .832 .821* .851* .816 • 806

650 .81*9 .860 .837 .828 .857 .821* • 8lU

60 .852 .86U .81*2 . 831* .862 .831 .819

70 .857 .867 .81*7 .838 . .866 .838 .825

80 • 860 .871 .851 .8U2 .870 • 8UU .830

90 .863 -=t t

—

CO e . 855 . 8U6 .871* .850 .835

700 .867 .876 .859 .850 .878 .851* .839

10 .869 .879 .862 .851* .880 .858 .8UU

20 .871 .881 .865 .858 . 88U .86U .8U6

30 .872 .882 .867 .860 • 884 .866 .850

Uo .872 . 88U .870 . 86U .886 .870 .853

75o CM O- CO « .886 .872 .866 .889 .872 .856
.

' ‘

•

.

•

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A l ..

r

•

•

’
- 181 - i

r Railroad Board

Red

Spectral Directional Reflectance of Dyed Papers and Cardboards for the

Indicated Periods of Time and Exposure. (See Appendix A for copies of

the Original Recording Sheets.)

Wave Two Months Ten Months

length ~T)ark North South Dark North South

mp, Initial Storage Exposure Exposure Storage Exposure Exposure

Uoo 0.072 0.07U 0.105

10 .070 .071 .101*

20 .067 .069 .102

30 .065 .067 .101

Uo .063 .061* .100

h$o .059 .060 .091*

60 .055 .056 .089

70 .051 .052 .082

80 .01*9 .o5o .076

90 .01*9 .01*9 .071*

5oo .050 .o5o .072

10 .050 .050 .072

20 .052 .052 .071*

30 .055 .056 .079

ho .063 .062 .088

55o .075 .071* .101*

60 .099 .098 .131*

70 .153 .11*5 .186

80 .250 .238 .270

90 .383 • 375 .377

600 .538 .521 .1*96

10 .656 .652 .591*

20 . 733 .736 .669

30 .776 .783 .715

h0 .799 .806 .71*5

65o .815 .821 .766

60 .826 .832 .782

70 .833 .81*1 .796

80 .81*0 .81*8 .807

90 .81*7 .851* .818

700 .852 .859 .826

10 • 857 . 861* .835

20 .859 .868 .81*2

30 .862 .870 .81*9

h0 .861* .872 • 855

750 .865 .871* .858

0.11*2 0.076 0.251* 0.321*

.11*5 .071* .266 • 31*3

.11*9 .071 .278 .362

.151 .069 .289 .380

.152 . 066 .2 99 • 396

.150 .061 .306 .1*10

.11*1* .057 . .310 .1*21* .138 .051* .312 .1*35

•131 .050 .313 .1*1*6 .126 .050 .312 .1*51*

.121* .050 .311* .1*61* .121* .051 • 311* .1*72

.126 .051* .320 .1*81

.132 .056 .329 .1*91*

.11*6 .061* .31*2 • 507

.166 .076 .361, .526

.200 .102 .396 .550

.251* .156 .1*1*1* .5 76

.326 .256 .1*96 . 6ol*

.1*12 • 392 .51*6 .630

.1*96 .51*5 • 5 95 .651

• 571 .661* .636 .672

.629 .71*2 .669 .690

.670 .786 .696 • 707

.699 .809 .720 .122

.721 .821* .71*0 .136

.71*2 .831* .758 .750

• 758 .81*2 • 77U ,761

,112 .850 .186 .112

.781* .856 .199 .781

.795 .860 .811 .790

. 806 .865 .821 .799

.816 .869 .831 .806

.821* .872 .839 . 8ll*

.833 .875 .81*5 .821

.838 .877 .850 .826