Department of Education

NATIONAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF

Fiscal Year 2014 Budget Request

CONTENTS

Page

Appropriations language ........................................................................................................ M-1

Analysis of Language Provisions and Changes...................................................................... M-2

Appropriation Adjustments and Transfers .............................................................................. M-3

Summary of Changes ............................................................................................................ M-4

Authorizing Legislation........................................................................................................... M-5

Appropriations History............................................................................................................ M-6

Activity:

National Technical Institute for the Deaf ......................................................................... M-7
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Appropriations language

For the National Technical Institute for the Deaf under titles I and II of the Education of the Deaf 

Act of 1986, $65,422,000, of which $2,000,000 to remain available until expended, shall be for 

construction1: Provided, That from the total amount available, the Institute may at its discretion 

use funds for the endowment program as authorized under section 207 of such Act2.

NOTE

A full-year 2013 appropriation for this account was not enacted at the time the budget was prepared; therefore, 

this account is operating under a continuing resolution (P.L. 112-175). The amounts included for 2013 reflect the 

annualized level provided by the continuing resolution.

Each language provision that is followed by a footnote reference is explained in the Analysis of Language 

Provisions and Changes document which follows the appropriation language.
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Analysis of Language Provisions and Changes

Language Provision Explanation

1

... of which $2,000,000, to remain available 

until expended, shall be for construction ....

This language earmarks $2,000,000 for 

construction and provides for these funds to 

remain available for obligation at the Federal 

level until expended. 

2

... Provided, That from the total amount 

available, the Institute may at its discretion 

use funds for the endowment program as 

authorized under section 207.

This language provides authority for the 

Institute to use funds from the general 

appropriation for the Endowment Grant 

program.
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Appropriation Adjustments and Transfers

(dollars in thousands)

Appropriation/Adjustments/Transfers 2012 2013 2014

Discretionary budget authority:

Discretionar y budget authority: Appropriation .......................................................... $65,546 $65,422 $65,422

Across-the-board reduction (P.L. 112-74)............... -124 0 0

Across-the-board increase (P.L. 112-175).............. 0 +400 0

Discretionar y budget authority: Total, adjusted discretionary appropriation......... 65,422 65,822 65,422
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Summary of Changes

(dollars in thousands)

2012................................................................................................. $65,422

2014................................................................................................. 65,422

Net change ............................................................... 0

Increases: 2012 base

Change 

from base

Program:

Program Construction funds will support a deferred maintenance 

account. 0 +$2,000

Decreases: 2012 base

Change 

from base

Program:

Program: Decrease reflects setting aside funds for a deferred 

maintenance account

65,422 -2,000

NNet

Net change 0
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Authorizing Legislation

(dollars in thousands)

Activity

2013

Authorized

Footnotefootnote

2013

Estimate

ootnote

2014

Authorized

ootnote

2014

Request

ootnote

Operations (EDA-l-B) Indefinite $65,422 Indefinite $63,422

Construction (EDA-l-112) Indefinite 0 Indefinite $2,000

Endowment (EDA-II-207 Indefinite1 0 1 Indefinite 1 0 1

Total definite authorization

Total appropriation 65,422 65,422

Total appropriation including 0.612 percent ATB increase 65,822

1 Funding for the Endowment Grant program is provided together with funding for operations through a single appropriations amount. Appropriations 

language is included to authorize NTID, at its discretion, to use funds for the Endowment Grant program from the total amount available.
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Appropriations History 

(dollars in thousands)

Year

Budget 

Estimate 

to Congress

House 

Allowance ootnote

Senate 

Allowance ootnote Appropriation

2005 53,803 55,790 55,790 55,344

2006 54,472 56,137 57,279 56,141

2007 55,349 N/A1 N/A 1 56,141

2008 56,262 60,757 59,000 59,696

2009 59,195 64,2122 62,000 2 64,212

2010 68,437 68,437 68,437 3 68,437

2011 64,677 68,4374 64,677 5 65,546

2012 65,037 65,546665,546 6 65,422

2013 65,037 65,422

7

65,422

7

65,822

8

2014 65,422

 1 This account operated under a full-year continuing resolution (P.L. 110-5). House and Senate allowances are 

shown as N/A (Not Available) because neither body passed a separate appropriations bill. 2 The levels for the House and Senate allowances reflect action on the regular annual 2009 appropriations bill, 

which proceeded in the 110th Congress only through the House Subcommittee and the Senate Committee. 3 The level for the Senate allowance reflects action on the regular annual 2010 appropriations bill, which 

proceeded in the 111th Congress only to the Senate Committee. 4 The level for the House allowance reflects the House-passed full-year continuing resolution. 5 The level for the Senate allowance reflects Committee action only.

6 The level for the House allowance reflects an introduced bill and the level for the Senate allowances reflects 

Senate Committee action only.

7 The levels for the House and Senate allowances reflect action on the regular annual 2013 appropriations bill, 

which proceeded in the 112th only through the House Subcommittee and the Senate Committee.

8 The amount shown includes the 0.612 percent across-the-board increase provided by P.L. 112-175, in effect 

through March 27, 2013. 
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National Technical Institute for the Deaf

(Education of the Deaf Act, Title I, Part B and Section 207)

(dollars in thousands)

FY 2014 Authorization: Indefinite

Budget Authority:

 

Activity

2012 2013 2014

Change

from 2012

Operations $65,422 $65,422 $63,422 -2,000

Construction 0 0 2,000 +2,000

Total 65,422 65,4221 65,422 0

 1 Excludes 0.612 percent across-the-board increase provided in P.L. 112-175.

PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

Congress created the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID) in 1965 to promote the 

employment of persons who are deaf by providing technical and professional education for the 

Nation's youth who are deaf. The National Technical Institute for the Deaf Act was superseded 

by the Education of the Deaf Act of 1986 (EDA). This Act continued the authority of the 

Department of Education to maintain an agreement with a host institution for the operation of a 

residential facility for postsecondary technical training and education for individuals who are 

deaf and to provide a Federal subsidy to the National Technical Institute for the Deaf so that it 

may continue to provide postsecondary educational opportunities for individuals who are deaf. 

The Department maintains a contract with the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) for the 

operation of NTID. The purpose of the special relationship with the host institution is to provide 

NTID students access to more facilities, institutional services, and career preparation options 

than could be otherwise provided solely by a national technical institute for the deaf. RIT 

provides NTID students with options for courses of study from its seven other colleges; health 

and counseling services; library, physical education, and recreation facilities; and general 

services such as food, maintenance, grounds, and security. Indirect cost rates are established 

by RIT governing reimbursement for each of the services it provides and to cover tuition 

charges for NTID students enrolled in RIT programs. These rates are approved by the Division 

of Cost Allocation of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. 

NTID offers a variety of technical programs at the sub-baccalaureate degree level (certificates, 

diplomas, and associate degrees). Degree programs include majors in business, engineering, 

science, and visual communications. In addition, NTID students may participate in 

approximately 200 educational programs available through the Rochester Institute of 

Technology. RIT offers advanced technological courses of study at the undergraduate and 

graduate degree levels. NTID initiated a master's degree program of its own in fiscal year 1996 

to train secondary education teachers who will be teaching students who are deaf. Students 

enrolled in the program, who can be deaf or hearing, are charged the same base tuition as 
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students enrolled in other NTID programs. However, graduate students enrolled through NTID 

in either the master of science in secondary education (MSSE) program or one of the RIT 

graduate programs also pay a graduate student tuition surcharge of 10 percent. In addition, 

NTID operates a Bachelor in Applied Science degree program to train interpreters and a 

tutor/notetaker training program. Students who are deaf who enroll in NTID or RIT programs 

are provided a wide range of support services and special programs to assist them in preparing 

for their careers, including tutoring, remedial and language enrichment programs, counseling, 

notetaking, interpreting, mentoring, specialized educational media, cooperative work 

experience, and specialized job placement.

NTID conducts applied research on occupational and employment-related aspects of deafness, 

communication assessment, the demographics of NTID's target population, and learning 

processes in postsecondary education. In addition, NTID conducts training workshops and 

seminars related to deafness. These workshops and seminars are offered to professionals 

throughout the Nation who employ, work with, teach, or otherwise serve persons who are deaf. 

The Federal Endowment Grant program is designed to assist in meeting future needs of NTID 

and reduce long-term Federal funding requirements by stimulating private contributions. NTID 

has the discretion to determine the amount of funds it wants the Department to provide from the 

annual appropriation as matching funds under the Endowment Grant program. The Department 

may allot funds to the program from the appropriation up to the amount contributed to the fund 

from non-Federal sources. The EDA provides that NTID may retain up to 50 percent of the 

income of the fund for expenses necessary to its operation such as personnel, construction and 

renovation, community and student services, technical assistance, and research. The other 

50 percent of the interest returns to the corpus. No portion of the endowment fund corpus may 

be withdrawn, except with the Department's approval and only due to a financial emergency, 

life-threatening situation occasioned by natural disaster or arson, or other unusual 

circumstance. NTID has full discretion in how it invests the funds it raises for this program. 

However, the EDA specifies parameters for investment of the Federal matching funds in order 

to help safeguard that portion of the fund corpus. After a period of 10 years from an initial 

investment, NTID does not have to follow Federal investment restrictions related to the Federal 

portion of the corpus and may use any and all earned interest associated with that year's 

matching funds. 

Funding levels for the past 5 fiscal years were:

(dollars in thousands)

Fiscal Year Operations Construction

2009.............................................................. 63,037 1,175

2010.............................................................. 63,037 5,400

2011.............................................................. 65,306 240

2012.............................................................. 65,422 0

2013...............................................................65,4221 0

 1 Excludes 0.612 percent across-the-board increase provided in P.L. 112-175.
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FY 2014 BUDGET REQUEST 

The Administration is requesting $65.0 million for the National Technical Institute for the Deaf 

(NTID) for fiscal year 2014, level with the 2012 appropriation. The Department supports funding 

for NTID to help promote educational and employment opportunities for persons who are deaf.

Operations. The Administration’s request would fund operations $2 million below the fiscal year 

2012 level of $63.4 million. Between 2002 and 2012, funding for NTID operations has risen by 

$10.2 million, or 18.4 percent, while enrollment increased by only 115 students, or 10.0 percent, 

primarily in the interpreter-training and graduate programs. The Department believes that $63.4

million would provide sufficient funds to maintain all programs and operations at NTID. 

Construction. The Administration is requesting $2.0 million for the purpose of supporting a

deferred maintenance account; these funds would be available until expended. Due to annual 

variation in the size and cost of the necessary updates to NTID’s infrastructure, NTID’s budget 

request for construction and the Federal appropriation for construction have varied considerably 

from year to year. For instance, in fiscal year 2010, NTID requested and Congress appropriated 

$5.4 million for a one-time replacement of a key infrastructure system. The next year, NTID’s

construction request dropped to $1.64 million based on the reduced need for construction funds. 

In order to reduce such variation, the Department formally requested in the 2009 NTID 

monitoring visit report that NTID submit a plan for establishing a long-term deferred 

maintenance account. NTID did so in their 2011 request, but that proposal was not funded in 

fiscal year 2011. Instead, the Department requested that NTID provide greater detail, which 

NTID did in its fiscal year 2012 budget request. The Administration requested $2.0 million for 

the deferred maintenance account in fiscal years 2012 and 2013.

NTID has requested $2 million for a deferred maintenance account in fiscal year 2014, which 

would be used for capital and renovation projects. The Department supports NTID’s efforts to 

improve its fiscal planning and recommends that $2.0 million be provided for the deferred 

maintenance account. 

Endowment Grant Program. The Administration’s request continues the policy of not specifying 

an amount for NTID’s Federal Endowment Grant program. The Institute would retain the 

discretion to determine how much of the Federal funds provided will be used for the Endowment 

Grant program in 2014. Funds added to NTID’s base for operations in prior fiscal years remain 

available to be used as matching funds for the purpose of the Endowment Grant program. The 

Administration strongly supports the objectives of the Endowment Grant program and believes 

that this program helps to promote NTID’s financial independence through creation of a 

permanent and increasing source of funds for enrichment activities and special projects. NTID

matched Federal funds with $220,700 in fiscal year 2011.

 

Other Revenue. In addition to funding from the Federal appropriation, NTID receives revenue 

from tuition and fees, private giving, and grants and contracts. NTID received $25.6 million in 

other revenue in fiscal year 2012, including $16.9 million from tuition, $7.2 million from room and 

board, $662,000 from student activity fees, and $892,000 from other sources, such as 

interpreting and captioning services provided to the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) and 

programs outside the University, the NTID hearing aid shop, and fees from grant programs 
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renting space. This represents an increase of approximately $500,000 in revenue over the 

$25.1 million NTID received from these sources for fiscal year 2011. NTID has the flexibility to 

apply this increased revenue to its highest funding priorities. 

NTID also receives significant revenue from competitive grants and contracts awarded by the 

Federal and New York State governments. In fiscal year 2012, NTID received nearly $1.4 

million in Federal and State grants and contracts, as well as $785,000 in private grants and 

contracts.

As of September 30, 2012, the market value of the Federal Endowment Grant program at NTID, 

including Federal, private, and reinvested funds, was $43.3 million. In addition, NTID had 

$4.9 million in endowments that were not part of the Federal Endowment Grant program. In 

fiscal year 2012, the Institute distributed $1.6 million in earnings from all endowment sources. 

NTID has been successful in raising private funds. In fiscal year 2012, NTID received 

$1.5 million in cash donations to endowment and other restricted funds and $142,000 in gifts in 

kind, primarily equipment and software for specific programs at NTID. The funds raised in 

addition to endowments are restricted by the donors to NTID activities and include such projects 

as the Sebastian and Lenore Rosica Hall, the Pre-College Education Network, and selected 

research projects. Restricted gifts totaled $1.2 million in fiscal year 2012.

The fiscal year 2014 request for operations represents approximately 60 percent of NTID's total 

projected budget. The remaining funds will come from tuition, fees, private contributions, 

endowment income, and Federal grants and contracts. However, the revenue derived from 

tuition, room, board, and fees is substantially comprised of payments from Federal vocational 

rehabilitation and Federal student financial aid programs. For example, in fiscal year 2012, 

NTID students received $9.3 million from vocational rehabilitation and $3.0 million in Pell 

Grants. 

Students also received $96,802 from RIT grants-in-aid, $502,000 in State grants, and 

$2.3 million in scholarships from institutionally-supported grants, endowment income, and 

external groups in fiscal year 2012. Student aid, excluding loans, averaged approximately 

$10,947 per domestic student for both deaf and hearing students, including students in the 

sub-baccalaureate, baccalaureate, graduate, and interpreter training programs. In addition to 

grants and scholarships, NTID students received nearly $6.1 million in subsidized and 

unsubsidized Federal student loans and Parent PLUS loans. Many NTID students also receive 

Federal Social Security and Supplemental Security Income payments. 

International students pay tuition, room, board, and fees, and these payments are included in 

the revenue figure cited above. However, these students, with the exception of permanent 

residents, are not eligible for Federal student financial aid or vocational rehabilitation payments. 

International students receive support from two private endowments. During fiscal year 2012, 

$243,000 in interest accrued from these endowments was used for this purpose.
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PROGRAM OUTPUT MEASURES (dollars in thousands)

Measures 2012 2013 2014

Tuition (U.S. students):

Undergraduate $11,583 $12,393 $13,013

Graduate 1 12,744 13,635 14,317

Fees 453 474 495

Charges for Resident Students:

Room $6,096 $6,309 $6,498

Board 4,317 4,491 4,626

Total cost (U.S undergraduate students, 

with tuition and fees)

22,449 23,667 24,632

Tuition (International students):

Undergraduate 1,3 $23,166 $24,909 $25,936

Graduate 2,3 25,488 27,270 28,634

Percent of support for operations 

provided by this appropriation

70% 65% 60%

Estimated average total cost per student $44,133 4 $44,133 4 $43,873 4

Estimated average educational cost per 

student 

$31,857 5 $31,857 5 $31,670 5

Student data (deaf students only –

includes international students):

Applications 902 902 902

Acceptances 439 439 439

Percent of applications accepted 49% 49% 49%

Registrations 345 345 345

Percent of accepted who register 79% 79% 79%

Enrollment (deaf students only – includes 

international students):

Total students 1,323 1,323 1,323

Technical (766) (766) (766)

Professional:

Undergraduate (515) (515) (515)

Graduate (42) (42) (42)
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PROGRAM OUTPUT MEASURES (dollars in thousands)

Measures 2012 2013 2014

Other enrollments (hearing and deaf 

students)

Master’s in Secondary Education 64 64 64

International deaf students 46 46 46

International students as a percent of 

total enrollment 3.1% 3.1% 3.1%

Minority deaf enrollment 358 358 358

Minorities as a percent of U.S. deaf student 

enrollments 32%

6

32%

6

32%

6

Summer Vestibule Program Enrollment 269 300 300

Summer Quarter Enrollment 442 400 400

Graduates 288 288 288

Associate and certificate degrees (139)

7

(139)

7

(139)

7

Baccalaureate and graduate degrees (149) (149) 115

Co-op (work experience) placements 298 298 298

Student services:

Hours of interpreting 135,000 140,000 145,000

Hours of in-class interpreting (95,000) (99,000) (103,000)

Hours of note taking 80,000 82,000 84,000

Hours of tutoring 20,000 21,000 22,000

Hours of C-print captioning 22,000 23,000 24,000

Number of persons trained in Access 

Services and Student Services:

Interpreters trained (continuing education) 65 65 65

Tutors/note takers trained 360 360 360

C-print captionists trained 10 10 10

Employees/career counselors trained 680 680 680

Explore Your Future participants (HS jrs) 230 230 230

Deaf Initiative in Technology participants 35 35 35

Public service activities $2,282 $2,301 $2,370
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PROGRAM OUTPUT MEASURES (dollars in thousands)

Measures 2012 2013 2014

Research:

Federal funds $1,870 $1,934 $1,995

Sponsored research $3,624 $3,703 $3,785

Research publications/presentations 75 75 75

Personnel (in full-time equivalents): 8

Faculty 203 203 203

Interpreters 111 111 111

C-print captionists 43 43 43

Clerical/Technical 87 87 87

Professional 115 115 115

Total 559 559 559

Minorities as a % of faculty 12.2% 12.2% 12.2%

Minorities as a % of staff 10.0% 10.0% 10.0%

Disabled as a % of faculty 31.0% 31.0% 31.0%

Disabled as a % of staff 12.6% 12.6% 12.6%

NTID faculty/student ratio 9,10 1:7 1:7 1:7

NTID teaching faculty/student ratio10 1:11 1:11 1:11

Average Faculty Salaries 11:

Professor $99,177 $102,15 $105,217

Associate professor 82,005 84,465 86,999

Assistant professor 65,956 67,935 69,973

Senior lecturer 61,436 63,279 65,177

Lecturer 53,806 55,420 57,083

Instructor 49,168 50,643 52,162

Average full- and part-time staff salary 11:

Exempt staff $58,427 $60,180 $61,985

Non-exempt staff 12 42,404 43,676 44,986

All staff 47,910 49,347 50,828

____________________________________ NOTE: 2013 excludes 0.612 percent across-the-board increase provided in P.L. 112-175.

1 Tuition rate increases are proposed by NTID annually. However, through an agreement with the Department, 

the increase may not exceed 10 percent in any given year. NTID is proposing a 4.8-percent increase for fiscal year 

2012.

 2 Graduate students are charged a 10-percent surcharge above the tuition rate for undergraduate students. 3 A tuition surcharge of 100 percent for international students is required by the authorizing statute; however, the 

Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 provides that NTID may develop a sliding scale model to reduce the 

surcharge, with different surcharge levels set depending on student need and whether the student’s country of origin 
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is considered developed or developing. 

 4 Excludes expenses related to sponsored and other research, public services, auxiliary enterprises, and 

construction. 

 5 Excludes expenses related to sponsored and other research, public services, auxiliary enterprises, construction, 

and student support services such as audiology, speech, remedial English, and psychological services. It also 

excludes portions of the cost of admissions, placement, instructional media, and some other administrative categories 

that address unique aspects of NTID's mission.

 6 Excludes interpreter training program students, international students, and MSSE students.

 7 Includes students who obtain a certificate, diploma, or associate degree, including graduates who are 

transferring into RIT to pursue an undergraduate degree.

 8 Counts are taken as of October of each fiscal year.

9 Includes administrators and researchers who have faculty rank. 10 Faculty/student ratios do not include RIT faculty who teach the 46 percent of NTID’s students enrolled in RIT 

courses or RIT faculty teaching NTID students in pre-baccalaureate programs.

 11 FY 2011 salaries are actual and FY 2012 and FY 2013 salaries assume a 2.5 percent increase from the previous 

year. All salaries are in actual dollars and not thousands of dollars.

 12 Includes interpreters, C-print operators, clerical, and technical staff.

PROGRAM PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

Performance Measures

This section presents selected program performance information, including, for example, GPRA 

goals, objectives, measures, and performance targets and data; and an assessment of the 

progress made toward achieving program results. Achievement of program results is based on 

the cumulative effect of the resources provided in previous years and those requested in fiscal 

year 2014 and future years, and the resources and efforts invested by those served by this 

program.

Goal: To provide deaf and hearing students in undergraduate programs and professional 

studies with state-of-the-art technical and professional education programs, undertake a 

program of applied research; share National Technical Institute for the Deaf expertise, 

and expand outside sources of revenue.

Objective: Maximize the number of students successfully completing a program of study.

Measure: The percentage of first-time, full-time degree-seeking sub-baccalaureate and 

baccalaureate students who were in their first year of postsecondary enrollment in the previous 

year and are enrolled in the current year.
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Year

Sub-Baccalaureate

Target

Baccalaureate

Target

Sub-Baccalaureate

Actual

Baccalaureate

Actual

2009 72 88

2010 70 85 69 94

2011 70 85 70 88

2012 70 85

2013 70 85

2014 70 85

Additional Information: This measure, which was added in fiscal year 2008, is used to gauge

the persistence of first-time, full-time students from the fall semester of their freshmen year to 

the fall semester of their sophomore year. RIT submits data to the Integrated Postsecondary 

Education Data System (IPEDS) on its students, including NTID students who are in RIT 

programs. However, it does not break out data separately for NTID students in RIT programs. 

The data for this measure are calculated using the same IPEDS methodology as used by other 

postsecondary education programs funded by the Department. The data will allow for 

comparative analyses between NTID, Gallaudet University, and other higher education 

programs. 

Comparisons with IPEDS data for 2-year public and private higher education institutions indicate 

that NTID's persistence rate of 70 percent for sub-baccalaureate students is higher than the 

rates for these institutions. Two-year public colleges have an average persistence rate of 

59 percent, and 2-year private colleges have a persistence rate of 68 percent. 

NTID's baccalaureate student persistence rate of 88 percent is considerably higher than those 

of other 4-year public and private colleges. For example, IPEDS data show an average 

persistence rate of 73 percent for both 4-year public colleges and 4-year private colleges. 

Measure: The percentage of first-time, full-time degree seeking sub-baccalaureate students 

and baccalaureate students who graduate within 150 percent of the program-based length of 

time. 

Year

Sub-Baccalaureate

Target

Baccalaureate

Target

Sub-Baccalaureate

Actual

Baccalaureate

Actual

2009 37 65

2010 26 60 34 53

2011 26 60 46 66

2012 27 61

2013 35 62

2014 36 63

Additional Information: This measure was added in fiscal year 2008 in order to obtain data 

that are consistent with the methodology used by the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data 

System (IPEDS) and other Department programs to measure graduation. Program-based length 

of time refers to the stated number of years to complete a degree. Generally, an associate 

degree program is 2 years, and a baccalaureate degree program is 4 years. However, some of 

RIT’s programs include a requirement for an additional internship year. In this case, the 
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program-based length of time for a sub-baccalaureate degree may be 3 years and 

baccalaureate degree 5 years. As such, the program-based length of time may be 2, 3, 4, or 

5 years, depending on the program. 

An IPEDS analysis of public and private not-for-profit 2-year institutions indicated a graduation 

rate of 31 percent for full-time, first-time degree/certificate-seeking students within 150 percent 

of normal time to completion; NTID has a higher sub-baccalaureate graduation rate of 

46 percent. IPEDS data indicate that four-year public colleges have an average graduation rate 

of 44 percent and four-year private colleges have an average graduation rate of 55 percent.

NTID has a higher baccalaureate graduation rate of 66. Given recent performance, the 

Department has revised targets for 2013.

This measure has replaced the previously established graduation measure, which provided

historical trend data and includes students, such as transfer students, who are not accounted for 

under the IPEDS methodology. RIT, including NTID, began collecting data according to 

program-based length of time in academic year 2006-07. 

Measure: The percentages of graduates who are employed, in advanced education or training, 

or are neither employed nor enrolled in advanced education or training during their first year 

after graduation.

Year

Employed

Target

Advanced Ed

Target Neither Target EmployedActual

Advanced Ed

Actual Neither Actual

2009 47 40 13

2010 57 35 8 42 44 14

2011 57 35 8 45 44 11

2012 57 35 8

2013 57 35 8

2014 57 35 8

Additional Information: The Department has substantially revised this measure. The 

previous indicator only measured employment and was calculated as the percentage of 

graduates who were employed among those who were seeking employment. The new measure 

provides a more complete picture of post-school outcomes for NTID graduates. For fiscal year 

2010, NTID reported that 42 percent of the graduates in that year were employed during their 

first year after graduation, 44 percent were in advanced education or training, and 14 percent

were not in the workforce or engaged in advanced education or training. Any graduate who was 

simultaneously employed and in advanced education or training was placed into the one 

category that best described their status. 

Efficiency Measures

Objective: Improve the efficiency of operations at NTID as defined by the cost per successful 

student outcome, where the successful outcome is graduation.

Measure: Total Federal cost per NTID graduate. 
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Year Target Actual

2009 $196,300

2010 $196,898 $187,400

2011 $201,230 $205,900

2012 $205,657

2013 $209,564

2014 $213,755

Additional Information: The measure is calculated by averaging the Federal appropriation for 

a particular year and the previous 5 years, and dividing the figure by the number of graduates 

for that school year. Federal student aid, vocational rehabilitation payments, other Federal 

support for students, Federal grants and contracts, and construction funds are not included in 

this calculation. This measure focuses on graduates because it is a key program outcome for 

NTID. 

Measure: Total educational cost per NTID graduate. 

Year Target Actual

2009 $236,400

2010 $236,675 $223,900

2011 $241,882 $246,400

2012 $247,203

2013 $251,800

2014 $256,836

Additional Information: The measure is calculated by averaging the total annual student 

expenditures for a particular year and the previous 5 years, and dividing the figure by the 

number of graduates for that school year. Graduates include students receiving certificates, 

diplomas, associates degrees, baccalaureate degrees, and master's degrees. The cost is 

composed of the total program budget excluding expenditures associated with research, public 

services, auxiliary enterprises, and construction. This measure looks at the total cost of 

educating a student at NTID as an indication of how efficiently the University operates. 

Both efficiency measures use existing cost data reported to the Department as part of NTID’s 

budget submission. In fiscal year 2013, the Department will continue its discussion with NTID 

about how best to use these measures as a basis for examining the cost per student, the 

subcomponents of the expenditures, and whether efficiencies can be achieved. The 

Department also will use IPEDS data to look at cost components of similarly sized Carnegie 

Level IV institutions as a basis for comparison. 

The Department reached an agreement with NTID on a methodology that accounts for future 

inflation by using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) with the goal of limiting increases on the 

Federal cost per graduate and the total cost per graduate to less than those of the CPI. As 

updated information becomes available on the projected inflation rate for the next fiscal year 

and outyears, the targets will be adjusted accordingly.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF

National Technical Institute for the Deaf

M-18

Other Performance Information

NTID has entered into a three-way partnership with Cornell University and the Social Security 

Administration (SSA) to track the educational and professional attainment of deaf and hard-ofhearing students who applied to NTID from 1965 to the present. The study anonymously links 

SSA records data to applicant files. The initial findings suggested that NTID alumni earned 

more, made use of Supplemental Security Income and Social Security Disability Insurance less, 

and were employed at a higher rate than the deaf and hard-of-hearing NTID applicants who 

were either denied admission or withdrew. Cornell researchers have also used these data to 

look at the factors that determine both educational success and SSA program outcomes.

NTID has partnered with the Internal Revenue Service, Social Security Administration, and 

Cornell University to further analyze available data and determined that, on average, NTID 

graduates fare better than their deaf or hard-of-hearing peers at ages 40 and 50, as detailed in 

the tables below.

Deaf and hard-of-hearing 

individuals at age 40

Participate in 

Supplemental 

Security Income

Participate in Social 

Security Disability 

Insurance

NTID associate degree graduates <2% 28%

NTID bachelor degree graduates 18%

NTID students who withdrew from NTID 8% 35%

Non-NTID college graduates 5% 20%

Deaf and hard-of-hearing 

individuals at age 50 Report Earnings Median Salary

NTID graduates with bachelor degrees 78% $ 58,000 

NTID graduates with associate degrees 73% $ 41,000 

NTID students who withdrew from NTID 58% $ 34,000 

Non-NTID college graduates 69% $ 21,000