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# JAN’S ACCOMMODATION FACT SHEET SERIES

**Job Accommodations for People with**

**Motor Limitations from Stroke**

Stroke is the third largest cause of death in the United States, according to the American Stroke Association. Women account for more than half of stroke deaths, yet stroke is more prevalent in men.  Death rates for African American males and females are significantly higher than for white males and females.  Strokes can occur at any age, but are more common in people 65 years or older.

**Warning Signs of Stroke:**

· Sudden weakness/numbness of the face, arm, or leg, especially on only one side of the body

· Sudden mental confusion, difficulty speaking, or understanding

· Sudden difficulty seeing

· Sudden difficulty with balance, walking, and dizziness

· Sudden severe headache without apparent cause

These symptoms must be diagnosed and treated right away.  Call 9-1-1 or take the person to the hospital.

**Stroke Recovery:**

· Spontaneous recovery after a stroke often occurs within the first month, however, rehabilitation can be very helpful in making improvements, especially involving activities of daily living

· Rehabilitation helps maintain existing skills and physical abilities and can deal with related problems such as pneumonia, decubiti (bed sores), joint stiffness, and difficulty chewing and swallowing food

· Increasing personal strength, abilities, and feelings of self-worth are key goals of rehabilitation

· Physical therapy should be started as soon as possible after the individual becomes stable

· Successful treatments include professional speech therapy, physical therapy, and occupational therapy

Equipment use for retraining muscles and balancing skills, electrical stimulation, and biofeedback techniques has proved helpful.

**Physical Effects:**

· Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body is common and can affect upper and/or lower extremities of the body

· Balance and overall coordination make standing, climbing, sitting, and walking problematic

· Ignoring or not being aware of the affected side of the body 

· Numbness or pain

· Dysphagia (trouble chewing/swallowing food) can prevent the person from getting basic nutrition and can cause aspiration (breathing in food)

· Bowel and bladder incontinence and other activities of daily living including independent bathing, dressing, and eating

· Fatigue and decreased stamina

The following is a quick overview of some of the job accommodations that might be useful for employees with motor limitations from a stroke. For a more in depth discussion, access JAN's publications at http://askjan.org/media/atoz.htm.  To discuss an accommodation situation with a consultant, contact JAN directly.

**Equipment for Activities of Daily Living:**

· Mobility products include canes, crutches, walkers, rolling walkers with seats, braces and other orthopedic supports, wheelchairs, and electric scooters

· Aids for grooming and eating

· Communication aids can be low tech picture work boards or high-tech synthetic speech products or computer assistive devices 

**Typing:**

· Typing tutorials teach methods for typing more effectively and rapidly with one hand on a standard keyboard; One-handed keyboards use right and left controls for typing with a reduced number of keys to depress; Software conversion allows one-handed typing by electronically re-assigning keys onto half of the standard keyboard; and Speech recognition software enters data to the computer via voice command

**Writing:**

· A variety of writing aids are available for people with reduced grip and unsteady hands

**Standing:**

· Several products are designed to allow standing for longer periods including lumbar support stands, standing frames, and set/stand stools.  Some devices provide standing support and mobility.  Work table and desk users can alternate between sitting and standing by use of adjustable height sit/stand work stations

**Walking:**

· Canes, crutches, rolling walkers with seats, manual wheelchairs, power wheelchairs and electric scooters provide assistance for better balance, increased mobility, safer navigation, and conservation of personal energy

**Sitting:**

· Ergonomic office chairs, task stools, and lift-assist seats/cushions provide comfortable options for seated work

**Climbing:**

· Rolling safety ladders are easily maneuvered into place, by wheels or casters, provide handrails for safety, and have a more gradual climbing slope than conventional ladders

**Lifting:**

· Lightweight, portable material lifts are offered in a wide range of types including hand trucks with electric lift options, electric lift-tables, scissors lifts, tailgate lifts/platforms and articulating cranes

**Grasping:**

· Grip-cuffs, soft-orthotic gripping aids, and special gloves can effectively hold tools, cutlery and other small items

**Reaching:**

· Elevated work platforms, step-stands, kick-stools, and long handled reachers/tools allow easier access for reaching either high or low work areas

**Driving:**

· Power assistive-steering systems can be retrofitted to existing vehicles, as well as, the use of specially designed steering knobs to aid in gripping/turning the steering wheel, driver side and passenger side personal lifts, and seating help with entering/exiting vehicles, as well as wheelchair ramps and lifts.

**Resources Specifically for People with Motor Limitations from Stroke**

**American Stroke Association**

7272 Greenville Avenue

Dallas, TX  75231

Toll Free: (888)478-7653

http://www.strokeassociation.org

**National Stroke Association**

9707 E. Easter Lane

Englewood, CO  80111

Toll Free: (800)787-6537

info@stroke.org

http://www.stroke.org

**National Institute of Neurological Disorder & Stroke**

PO Box 5801

Bethesda, MD  20824

Toll Free: (800)352-9424

Direct: (301)496-5751

TTY: (301)468-5981

http://www.ninds.nih.gov

**Stroke Clubs International**

805 12th Street

Galveston, TX  77550

Direct: (409)762-1022

strokeclubs@earthlink.net

Updated 3/23/10. 

This document was developed by the Job Accommodation Network, funded by a contract agreement from the U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Disability Employment Policy (DOL079RP20426). The opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the U.S. Department of Labor. Nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Labor.

Fact Sheet Series

Job Accommodations for People with Motor Limitations from Stroke