NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS REPORT

210S

'

Model NM2B Electric Drinking Water Cooler

manufactured by

Sunroc Refrigeration Company

by

Henry Karger

C. W. Phillips

P, R, Achenbach

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Charles Sawyer, Secretary

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

A. V. Astin, Director

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NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS REPORT

NBS PROJECT NBS REPORT

1003 -40-4700 December 11, 1952 210^

Model NM2B Electric Drinking Water Cooler

manufactured by

Sunroc Refrigeration Company

by

Henry Karger

C. W. Phillips

P. R. Achenbach

Heating and Air Conditioning Section

Building Technology Division

to

Philadelphia Quartermaster Depot

U , S . Army

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

The publication, reprint

unless permission Is obti

25, D. C. Such permiss

cally prepared If that aj

Approved for public release by the prohibited Director of the National Institute of ‘•ords, Washington

Standards and Technology (NIST) ' ^ I"®® t for Its own use. on October 9, 201 5.
3

B

B

B

B

B

B
Model NM2B Electric Drinking Water Cooler

by

Henry Karger

C. W. Phillips

P. R. Achenbach

Abstract

A specimen of Model NM2B electric drinking-water cooler

manufactured by the Sunroc Refrigeration Company was

tested to determine compliance with Federal Specification

00-C-566b with amendment No. 2, and as modified by the

Quartermaster Invitation to Bid No. QM 11-009-52-104^

and Contract No. DA ll-009-QM-1^156 dated May 1952.

Performance tests only were made in accordance with the

specification requirements. The specimen, as submitted,

met all requirements of the performance tests except

those for the drinking-water thermostat. However, after

installation of a second thermostat and some internal ad-

.fustment, the requirements of the thermostat tests were

also met by the test specimen.

I. INTRODUCTION

In accordance with requests from the Quartermaster Inspection Division, Chicago Quartermaster Depot, in letters dated

May 27, 1952, and June 16, 1952, tests of one specimen of

Model NM2B electric drinking water cooler manufactured by Sunroc

Refrigeration Company, Glenn Riddle, Pennsylvania, were made to

determine compliance with Federal Specification 00-C-566b, with

Amendment 2 dated January 21, 1952, and as modified by the exceptions in the Quartermaster Invitation for Bids No. QM 11-009-

52-104^, and as modified by the exception in Contract No.

DA ll-009-QM-lgl56, dated May ^,1952.

The performance of the specimen was determined by direct

tests as described in the Federal Specification and the pertinent modifications." Special tests described herein were made

to determine the performance of certain components. Inspections

to determine compliance of the specimen with regard to materials

and construction were not requested by the Quartermaster Inspection Division. The tests made did not require any dismantling

of the specimen cooler.
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II. DESCRIPTION OF TEST SPECIMEN

The specimen water cooler submitted for test was identified as follows:

NBS Test Specimen ^5-52, Specification Type I, Size 10

Sunroc Company Model NM2B

Serial Number 21^234-0

Code Number 1-lOAHl

The specimen cooler was boused in a formed, one-piece steel

enclosure which constituted the back and the sides of the

cooler. This housing enclosed the condensing unit compartment and evaporator section and provided structural support

for the unit. The louvered front panel could be removed,

after loosening a screw at the bottom of the panel, by pulling the panel away from the cooler at the bottom and down

from the recess formed by the top of the cooler. All of the

controls and electric connections were accessible from the

front side after the front panel was removed.

A front view of the cooler is shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 2

shows a rear view of the cooler, and the machine compe^rtment

is shown in Fig. 3. The dimensions and weight of the cooler

were as follows:

Height, in.

Width of cabinet, in.

Depth of cabinet, in.

Width and depth of basin top, in.

Weight, including wood shipping base, lb.

44

U-3/4

15-1/8

15-3/4

147-1/4

III. TEST PROCEDURE

Tests of the specimen were made to determine compliance

with the performance requirements of the following paragraphs

of the specification, some of which were modified in the

Invitation to Bid:

(1) D-1, E-1, F-3a Capacity Test

(2) D-la, F-3d Peak Draw Test

(3) D-lb, F-3b Maximum Operating Test

(4) D-6a Jet of Water

(5) D-6d Water Regulator and Valve Test

(6) D-lOd Refrigeration Control Test

(7) D-lOd(l), F-3e Freezing Test

(S) D-llb Motor Overload Protection Test

(9) D-13a Operation at Varying Water Pressure

10) D-13b Drain Capacity

(11) F-3c, D-lla Overload Test
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All performance tests listed above were conducted in a

temperature-controlled room under the general conditions set

forth in paragraph F-3a of the Federal Specification, except

where the paragraph applicable for a specific test called for

a different set of conditions. Temperatures were measured

by means of calibrated thermocouples using an electronic,

constant-balance type of potentiometer. Accuracy of this instrument was checked at intervals during the tests by means of

ice-bath references. Inlet and outlet drinking-water temperatures were measured by thermocouples in thin-walled stainless

steel wells four inches long, mounted so the thermocouple

junctions were approximately in the plane of the exterior surface of the cooler cabinet. Water-flow rates were determined

in a manner that did not interfere with the flow of cooled

water through the precooler. Supply water temperatures and

pressures were controlled by close-differential mechanical

devices

.

Additional information on the test procedure for particular tests is included with the report of the test results

to further clarify how the results were obtained in cases

where the specification did not provide adequate details.

IV. TEST RESULTS

The following paragraphs show the results obtained on

the cooler specimen during the performance tests listed under

the section on Test Procedures.

(1) Capacity Test (Paragraphs D-1, E-1, F-3a)

Table 1, which follows, summarizes the results obtained

during the capacity test and compares the observed performance

with the specification requirements. The entry entitled

^Drinking Water Flow Rate, Corrected for 30°F Temperature

Difference, Gallons per Hour” gives the calculated water flow

rate for a 30 °F difference between supply and drinking water

temperatures when the actual difference during the test was

not exactly 30®F. Table 1 shows that the observed capacity

of the specimen cooler exceeded the required capacity for

Type I, Size 10 coolers.
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TABLE 1, CAPACITY TEST OF SPECIMEN NBS ^5-52

Performance Characteristics

Required

Performance

Observed

Performance

Ambient Temperature, ®F

Electric Power Input, watts

Terminal Voltage

Total Current, amps

Drinking Water, Inlet temp., ®F

Drinking Water, Outlet temp., °F

Drinking Water, temp, diff., °F

Spill through precooler, ^

Drinking Water Flow Rate, observed, gph

Drinking Water Flow Rate, corrected

for 30®F temp, difference, gph

90 g9.g

- 29g

115 115

— 3.6

go go.

2

50 50.0

30 30.2

60 60.4

- 10.5

9.0

(minimum)

10.6

(2) Peak Draw Test (Paragraphs D-la, F-3d, modified)

The specification required that 37-1/2 percent of the

required hourly capacity shall be drawn off in 15 minutes. The

water temperature at the beginning of the 15-minute period must

not be lower than 45®F or higher than 50°F and shall not rise

more than 10 degrees at any time during the 15-minute period.

The water must be drawn off, beginning immediately after the compressor-motor cuts off in a normal cycle, in not less than three

or more than six equal intervals per gallon of required draw-off

capacity. The water must be drawn off at a rate of not less than

1/2 gallon per minute per bubbler. It was assumed that in accord

with general requirements of paragraph F-3a, 60^ of the cooled

water should be allowed to flow through the precooler as water

was being drawn.

For this test, the specimen was equipped with a self-closing,

hand-operated valve adjusted to permit water to flow at a rate

of 1/2 gallon per minute when opened. Water was drawn off in

54 equal samples, each consisting of a 40^ portion, drawn first,

and a 60^ portion, drawn second. The k0% portion, representing

water consumed, was poured into a container for subsequent weighing. The 60^ portion was poured into a vessel of low thermal

mass immediately prior to each subsequent draw. Th^s vessel

allowed the 60^ portion to flow into the precooler during the

time required for the entire subsequent draw.

A second thermostat was installed in the specimen cooler

by representatives of the Sunroc Refrigeration Company in connection with the thermostat requirements. Peak draw tests were

made with each of the two thermostats furnished, and compliance

with peak draw requirements was observed in both cases. Using
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thermostat a temperature rise of 9«4°F was observed,

the initial outlet drinking water temperature being 49*oi°F.

Using thermostat #2, a temperature rise of 9.4°F was again

observed, with the initial outlet drinking water temperature

being 49. ^°F

,

(3) Maximum Operating Test (Paragraphs D-lb, F-3b)

The specification required that the cooler should start

and operate satisfactorily, and should be tested for at least

^ hours of continual operation under conditions of 110°F

ambient temperature, 100°F inlet water temperature, 50°F outlet drinking-water temperature, and, it was assumed in accord

with paragraph F-3a, with 60^ spill through the precooler.

The cooler was operated for eight hours under the above

conditions. At the conclusion of the test, the cooler was

turned off and left idle for five minutes and then restarted

to determine whether or not it would start satisfactorily

without causing the motor overload mechanism to operate. The

cooler started and operated satisfactorily during this test.

Table 2 shows the Average conditions maintained during the

maximum operating test,

TABLE 2. MAXIMUM OPERATING TEST OF SPECIMEN NBS ^5-52

Performance Characteristics

Required Observed

Performance Performance

Ambient Temperature, °F

Electric Power Input, watts

Terminal Voltage

Total Current, amps

Drinking Water, Inlet Temp., °F

Drinking Water, Outlet Temp., °F

t)rinking Water, Temp. Diff . , °F

Spill Through Precooler, %

Drinking Water Flow Rate, observed, gph

Drinking Water Flow Rate corrected for

~50°F temp. Difference, gph

(4) Jet of Water (Paragraph D-6a)

110 109,9

- 314

115 115

— 3.^

100 99.7

50 50.1

50 49.6

60 60.0

- 4.0

4.0

The position of the jet of water relative to the orifice,

guard, and cooler basin was observed and was found to be in com

pliance with the specification requirements.
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- 6 -

(5) Water Regulator and Valve Test (Paragraph D-6d)

The specimen cooler was equipped with an adjustable, automatic water-pressure regulating valve and a hand-operated, pushbutton type, self-closing stop valve. These two valves together

with the bubbler and bubbler guard formed an integral mechanism.

The adjustment for the pressure-regulating valve was accessible

by removing the hexagonal nut holding the push-button on the

bubbler assembly. Adjustments could then be made with a screwdriver. The bubbler assembly could be removed from the cooler

by hand without breaking the cooling unit insulation.

Observations were made of the stream height, throw distance, and rate of water discharge on the cooler specimen for

inlet water pressures of approximately 20 psig and 75 psig.

The results are summarized in Table 3 below.

Water did not spurt from the bubbler of the specimen cooler when the stop valve was opened exqept when purging air

during the initial filling of the cooler. No objectionable

splashing of the drinking water on the cooler top was observed.

TABLE 3. WATER PRESSURE REGULATOR PERFORMANCE

COOLER SPECIMEN NBS ^5-52

Supply Water Pressure, psig

Stream Height above nozzle, in.

Stream Height above guard, in.

Throw distance from nozzle, in.

Rate of Water Flow, gal/hr

20 75

3-1/4 4-1/4

1 - 1/2 2 - 1/2

5 - 1/2 6

19.2 21.6

(6) Refrigeration Control Test (Paragraph D-lOd modified)

The specimen cooler was equipped with a thermostat which

controlled the operation of the compressor motor. The thermostat was readily accessible for adjustment and servicing when

the front panel of the cooler was removed, and could be replaced without breaking the main insulation of the cooling

unit housing.

Adjustment of the thermostat could be affected by turning

a knob. The thermostat caused the cooler to deliver colder

water when this knob was turned in a clockwise direction, and

caused delivery of warmer water if the knob was turned in a

counterclockwise direction.

The specification requirement as modified in Amendment 2

stated in part:

''Unless otherwise specified, the temperature control

of the water shall be adjustable between 45° and 55°F

and shall have a differential of not more than plus

or minus 5°”.
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This requirement was interpreted by this Bureau to mean that

a thermostat would be in compliance if at some condition of

*flow It would produce water at a control point temperature

of 45‘^F at some one setting of the knob, and at a control

point temperature of 55°F at some other setting of the knob,

with a differential not to exceed plus or minus five degrees.

In conctiih:’ence with representatives of the Sunroc Company,

the rate of water withdrawl for this test was set at l/2 of

the required hourly capacity of the cooler, or approximately 4-1/2 gallons per hour.

Accordingly, two 6-ounce samples of water were withdrawn

from the cooler through the bubbler every minute and fifteen

seconds for the duration of the thermostat test. The first of

these samples was discarded into the drain of the cooler, and

the temperature of the second sample was recorded. The test

was thus continued for 30 minutes, which was sufficient time

to cause several thermostat cycles to occur. The test was

conducted in an ambient temperature of 90°F, and the inlet

water temperature to the cooler was maintained at S0°F.

Under the above conditions, and with the original thermostat in the test specimen, the average water temperature observed at the highest setting of the thermostat was 47.7°F,

and the maximum observed deviation from this average was^4o3°F.

At the lowest setting of the thermostat, the average observed

water temperature was 39«6®F, and the maximum deviation from

the average was 2.4°F. This thermostat did not meet the requirements of paragraph D-lOd because the range of adjustment

did not reach up to 55°F, A second thermostat was installed

on the cooler by representatives of the Sunroc Refrigeration

Company, A test with this thermostat showed an average water

temperature of 52.6°F at the highest setting, with the maximum

deviation being 4»4®F, and an average water temperature of

42,9°F at the lowest setting, the maximum deviation being

3ol°F, This second thermostat did not meet the specification

requirement for the same reason as the first specimen. An.

internal range adjustment was then made by representatives of

the Sunroc Refrigeration Company on the second thermostat. A

test then indicated an average water temperature of 55. ^°F for

the highest setting and 45.0°F for the lowest setting of the

thermostat. The maximum deviations from the average were 2,S°F

and 3.9®F, respectively, for the two settings. This test indicated compliance with the requirement of the specification.
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- g -

(7) Freezing: Test (Paragraph D-lOd(l) modified)

The specimen cooler had an additional thermostat to serve

as a protective device against freezing. This thermostat was

non^ad justable . Three freezing tests were made, the first in

an ambient temperature of 50 °F, the other two in an ambient

temperature of 35°F. The primary drinking-water thermostat

was shunted, and the cooler was operated under the above conditions. Operation of the secondary thexvnostat was observed

during all three of the tests, no freeze-ups occurred, and

drinking water could be drawn from the cooler at the conclusion

of each test.

{^) Motor Overload Protection Test (Paragraph D-llb)

Paragraph D-llb states in part: "Motors shall be protected in case of failure of the starting mechanism or excessive

overload by a thermal protective device of proner current rating, which shall open the circuit before the motor windings

reach a temperature that will injure the motor."

The specimen cooler was equipped with such a device. To

determine the protection afforded, two tests were made, both in

a 90°F ambient temperature, with supply water flowing steadily

through the cooler at a rate slightly in excess of 30 gallons

per hour. First, the power lead to the starting winding of the

motor was disconnected. The cooler was then energized electrically, and measurem.ents were made of the motor running winding

resistance immediately following each cutout of the overload

protector. The overload protector was allowed to function

until successive temperatures observed at the time of cutout

were no longer increasing and the tem.perature rise of the winding was computed on the basis of the highest resistance observed. The highest motor-winding temperature computed under

these conditions was 175®F. Second . the condenser fan was disconnected, the air flow over the condenser was blocked, and the

cooler was allowed to continue in operation. The motor winding reached steady state temperatures in approximately 1 hour,

and the protective device did not function during the test.

The test was terminated at this time, and the average conditions attained under steady state operation are summarized in

Table 4 below;
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- 9

-

TABLE 4. OPERATING CONDITIONS OF COOLER DURING

SECOND MOTOR OVERLOAD PROTECTION TEST

Temperature of Compressor Dome, near 14^.3

protective element, °F

Temperature of Inlet Water to Cooler, °F ^0,1

Temperature of Outlet Water from Cooler, °F 70,9

Temperature of Ambient Air, °F

Temperature of Running Winding of Motor, °F 155.0

Compressor Motor Current, amps 4.2

Based on present accepted practice in the design of

hermetic motor-compressor units, it is the opinion of this

Bureau that the compressor motor of the cooler was adequately protected against overload and against excessive temperatures caused by motor overload.

(9) Operation at Varying Water Pressures (Paragraph D-13a)

As required by the specification in paragraph D-13a, the

cooler operated satisfactorily when connected to a water supply

system at pressures ranging from 20 psig to 75 psig. The

capacity test described under section 1 of the Test Results

was made with a supply water pressure of approximately 27 psig.

The performance of the water regulator and valve under supply

water pressures of 20 psig and 75 psig is discussed under

section 5 of the Test Results.

(10) Drain Capacity (Paragraph D-13b)

The drainage system of the specimen cooler was apparently

free of internal trappings and did not cause stoppage of water

in the bubbler basin.

(11) Overload Test (Paragraph F-3c, D-lla)

The specimen cooler was tested in accordance with the requirements of paragraph F-3c of the specification, which calls

for 4 hours of continuous operation in 100°F ambient tempera^

ture with water drawn at the rate of 300 percent of the required

hourly capacity and 60% spill through the precooler. The inlet

water temperature was held at approximately B0®F. The results

of this test are summarized in Table 5, which follows. '

The specimen cooler operated satisfactorily and without

any indication of breakdown. The temperature rise of the

motor running winding was determined by the resistance method

and computed by the formula given in paragraph 4.2.3 of Federal
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TABLE 5. OVERLOAD TEST OF SPECIMEN NBS ^5-52

Performance Characteristics

Required

Performance

Observed

Performance

Ambient Temperature, °F 100 100.1

Drinking Water Inlet Temp., °F - SOol

Drinking Water Outlet Temp. , °F

Ratio of Drinking Water Flow to

6^.5

Required Capacity, % 300 301

Spill through precooler, % 60 60.5

Electric Power Input, watts - 351

Terminal Voltage 115 115

Temp, Rise of Motor Windings, ®C 65*

( maximum)

2S.2

* Permissible temperature rise for totally-enclosed fractionalhorsepower in Federal Specification CC-M-636a,

V. CONCLUSION

The specimen cooler, as submitted, met all the requirements of the performance tests made, with the exception of the

thermostat test. However, after installation of another thermostat and some internal adjustment, the requirements of the

thermostat tests were met by the specimen cooler.
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FIG. 3

THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

Functions and Activities

The functions of the National Bureau of Standards are set forth in the Act

of Congress, March 3, 1901, as amended by Congress in PubUc Law 619, 1950.

These include the development and maintenance of the national standards of

measurement and the provision of means and methods for making measurements

consistent with these standards; the determination of physical constants and

properties of materials; the development of methods and instruments for testing

materials, devices, and structures; advisory services to Government Agencies on

scientific and technical problems; invention and development of devices to serve

special needs of the Government; and the development of standard practices,

codes, and specifications. The work includes basic and applied research, development, engineering, instrumentation, testing, evaluation, calibration services

and various consultation and information services. A major portion of the

Bureau’s work is performed for other Government Agencies, particularly the

Department of Defense and the Atomic Energy Commission. The scope of activities is suggested by the listing of divisions and sections on the inside of the

front cover. Reports and Publications

The results of the Bureau’s work take the form of either actual equipment and

devices or published papers and reports. Reports are issued to the sponsoring

agency of a particular project or program. Published papers appear either in the

Bureau’s own series of publications or in the journals of professional and scientific

societies. The Bureau itself pubhshes three monthly periodicals, available from

the Government Printing Office: The Journal of Research, which presents complete papers reporting technical investigations; the Technical News Bulletin, which

presents smnmary and preliminary reports on work in progress; and Basic Radio

Propagation Predictions, which provides data for determining the best frequencies

to use for radio commimications throughout the world. There are also five series

of nonperiodical publications: The Applied Mathematics Series, Circulars, Handbooks, Building Materials and Structmes Reports, and Miscellaneous Publications.

Information on the Bureau’s publications can be found in NBS Circular 460,

PubUcations of the National Bureau of Standards ($1.00). Information on cali- bration services and fees can be found in NBS Circiilar 483, Testing by the National

Bureau of Standards (25 cents). Both are available from the Government Printing Office. Inquiries regarding the Bureau’s reports and piihlications should he

addressed to the Office of Scientific PubUcations, National Bureau of Standards,

Washington 25, D. C.
NBS.