PENNSTATE 

~ Cooperative Extension 

• Ccll<ge of AJ!rk•lt•rol Sd-J 

Shale Webinar Series 

The Utica Reservoir 

Mike Arthur, Penn State, Professor of Geosciences and 

Co-director, Marcellus Center for Outreach and Research 

April 24, 2013, 2:30- 3:30 PM 

Penn State Extension Marcellus Education Team 
Today's Webinar 

•Offered as part of our Shale Webinar series, by the Penn State 

Extension Marcellus Education Team 

•Use the chat box in the bottom right hand corner to introduce 

yourself and for technical problems. Use the Q & A box during 

the webinar for questions for the presenters. 

•Webinar will be recorded and the presentation will be made 

available later this week on the Natural Gas website 

(www.extension.psu.edu/naturalgas ) 

•Problems? E-mail Matt at mxh454@psu.edu or call at 

570-244-1128 
Shale Webinar Series 

• April 24 The Utica Reservoir, Mike Arthur, Co-Director, Penn State 

Marcellus Outreach and Research (Wednesday, 2:30 to 3:30PM) 

• April 25 Information on Potential Loyalsock State Forest Natural Gas 

Development, Arianne Proctor, DCNR Marcellus Program Manager 

Secretary Richard Allan, DCNR, Dan Devlin, DCNR State Forester 

(https:ljmeeting.psu .edu/marcelluswebinar/ l 

• May 16 Shale Energy Development's Effect on the Posting, Bonding and 

Maintenance of Roads in Rural PA, Mark E. Gaines, PennDOT and 

Tim Ziegler, Center for Dirt and Gravel Road Studies 

• June 20 Royalty Calculations for Natural Gas from Shale, Jim Ladlee, 

Associate Director, Penn State Marcellus Center for Outreach and 

Research (MCOR) 


North American Shale Gas Plays 

• Sh>le GiK Boslhs 

0 O.voni•nl Mississippian 

Sh>lef•ilw~ 

A Mount.lin Thrust B•lt 

SOUtct fllltl.anC*I ftteot.-c»t., 

,_., - - 2G02 

..... Ill '"'

~,... · COhl. '"" 

Developing: Bamen, Fayetteville, Haynesville. 

Woodford, Marcellus, and Horn River 

Evaluating: Barnett!Woodford. Utica, and Gothic 

New Shale Plays. Growth in Medium 10 Long Term 
Thermal Maturation of Organic Matter 

OIVgas window 

.· ... · .. . ;. .... . . . . . 

HC generation 

O~pth (km) Temp ('C) 

1 

2 

4 

Vitrinite 

Reflection 

Subsurface 

process 

Diagenesis 

0.5 -'-----1 

Katagenesis 

5 50°C 2.0 -'-----1 

Metagenesis 

Hydrocarbon Molecules 

Methane (CH4) 

Boiling point: -164•( (-263'Fl 

Ethane (C2H6) 

Boiling point: -s9•c (-128.F) 

Propane (C3H8) 

Boiling point: -42'( {-44•f) 

Butane (C4H10) 

Boiling point: o·c (32.F) 

Wet Gas/Condensates 

• "Dry Gas" is methane 

without additional 

hydrocarbons 

• "Wet Gas" is methane with 

higher carbon-number 

gases also present, 

including ethane (C2), 

propane (C3), butanes (C4), 

and pentane (C5 ). 

~ 

• These gases must be 

separated or "fractionated" 
'' ; 

o. .. ..., ... 

"' 

... 

-

.. 

' 

• -

.... "'' 

. .. ... 

U.S. Naturlf 0..• W•Uh..ct Pr1C4 

001 ........ ""' .. ~ ' • ... 

••• 

" 

u 

u 

•• - .. 

... 

-

- "" ... 

~-wu.s~--..1111..._ - - -

-- ua.__c-_..._ -

-

.... ... 

- -

... 

-

Pricing 

History, Oil 

Natural Gas 

and Propane 

These commodity prices are 

driving drilling and 

production activity. igh 

prices for oil and natural 

gas liquids favor activity in 

the Utica Shale "Play'' over 

the Marcellus Shale Play at 

present. 

Source: US EIA, www.eia.gov 
27 

Ut ica Rigs, OH 

9 

~~ y"' )~ ~~ o§'q 0~ ~l ~l <:l ~.. ,-"' .. ull 

Monlh 
Geologic Factors Influencing Success in 

Shale Plays 

' Unit Thickness 

Present Depth 

Rock Properties 

Porosity 

Permeability 

Organic Carbon Content 

Brittleness (fracture behavior) 

Thermal maturity 

Reservoir Pressure 

Degree of Natural Fracturing 

Oil and/or Gas in Place 

Structural Complexity (faulting) 

Technology Required (lateral dri lling) 
c 

ro 

c 

0 

> QJ 

0 

c 

ro 

.... 

::I 

·

VI -

c 

ro 

u 

> 0 

"E 

0 

Unit 

Upper Genesee 

Geneseo Shale 

Middle 

Hamilton 

TriStates 

Lower 

Heide berg 

Salina 

Upper 

Clinton 

Sodus Shale 

Lower 

Upper 1-T-r-e-nt_o_n_/-+--""==~­

Biack River 1--:-,.-,-----

Lower 

Upper 

Beemantown 

Precambrian Basement 
... 

.,, 

Orenvile Basotment 

~ Carbon:ato• 

onr •"'•" . ... cklll•'-

~~ r.! ·"·~ .... 

e Cll ... Rom& 

Trough 

[ill:E.•-.o'•" 

g;~ ....... 
'""';1~CL .. ""IU0

f 

MCOR 

-vTt.I.,.;IO _,U.U#oCIO 

..,..,.., .-rnllu!O.P$1Lnfu 

) ) 

'I \ 

.. 

1 

• 

\ ' 

...... ........ 

Utica Shale Depth 

<2000 feet 

2000 • 4000 feet 

- 4000 • 6000 feet 

- 6000 • 8000 feet 

- 8000 • 10000 feet 

- 10000 · 12000feet 

- 12000. 14000 feet 

- 14000+ feet 

- highly folded region 

-..~ _____ ... .__ ·--.....-lo.o4 ... 
MAitCII I U \ ( I N II R 

MCOR 

,,,.ouTRI.,, t4 •wn a1t 1 "-.c;t4 

~~·.marn•ll *. po:u.C"du 

Utica Shale Thickness 

50 - 100 feet 

1 00 - 150 feet 

150 - 200 feet 

- .200 · 250 feet 

- .250 • 300 feet 

- 300 - 350 feet 

- 350 - 400 feet 

- 400 • 450 feet 

- 450 - 500 feet 

- 500+ feet 

- highly folded region 

UtauSNit~ts .... MCatlnt~ 

NMd on.......,.-.. 'ICIUUS. 
• Wd:ILocll"ailtt 

-- itlesfotek\ ~ 1ft (M td~ In $t:1 ~ 

(CJ.- .SOOW.) 

- T-UaJ!Oifd'\'a ~ 

- T~ee,...Qhd.: KM().J I"as. 

- T~t>~~-I!IKt KI\'Ct 0. ~!ddt 

' . 

.·. 

•• • 0 

,, ..... . ..# . . ! 

~ I 

120 ISO 240 

-------- -

=----·----~ ·-----... - ·-.. 

Two Expressions of the Utica Shale 

in Penns lvania 

ERIE COUNTY 

AMMA RAY BULK OBNSIT'V 

REEDSVILLE > - FM. c 

... ~ ~ 

UTICASH. J ~ 

~ - t 

- ~ ~ 

TRENTON LS. - t - i 

1:-

... ,_ )- ~ BLACK RIVER 

LS. ~ 

"" 

After John Harper, 2011 

ARMSTRONG COUNTY 

BULK OENSIT'V 

.----..--,•"•r--,.-........ -or---, 

~ REEOSVILL.E 

. ............................ t------i--+-t--+---=: -::1 ...---t--i---FM_. __ _ 

UTICASH. 

. 

TRENTON LS. 

.. ... - '"" - ·················-.......... ~ ~-+--+-r--+--~ ---r----------

~~-~ L-~--L t ~_J 

BLACK RIVER 

LS. 
_ .. ,. 

-

• 

~~ .... ~ .:;.........-...,._ 1 ............. ....... ...._....,..,(.llo: .. -.. -Sio#Cfir~ ...... ,.., ....... 

___ c..k..-_._........_ ---"'--'-

~tNiilllll~ll , 

J~Lol fllurn.eo.t,., .,, ll 

--

O.lt ooey19~ ...... 

~ fo» ~booa't(lt• 

-........ -._ .......... -.. -
..... ; 

--=--

O.Oplh bmple TOC 
m 

. . . . i .. i·: . ~ -~ ~\,-~:L }/ . . '\ . ! 

·/.' ' 11 ( 

:1.;:" ' ...--y- :--t \ ' .A"'') 

• :J7 !· ~ "-< I~/ ,.<' ".l... ~ 'vi'· t. , ~ . . ,I .. 'I': ,· " f\-' > n

. ~"-· --

-<:_ .:;<'; •• - "' . . ..... ,.. :. '\, } ..... . . '\ ... 

.... 

. 
Source Rock Maturation Status Based 

on Combined CAl to Ro Regression 

l:ru la+ir"H"\ / l-1 1 ,htc.r- '"'I 007· o,....., . , Or"\ ')('lnt::\ 
Northwest P A - Utica/Point Pleasant Potential 

\"AUWfGlON 

Note: • CtfK rates Include ethane 

XA.COii -3H 

ft llfllift(fcl (2>4 tw) 

.... 

Q.l.61tNI.D 

UTICA I POINT PLEASANT 

.... 

. • 

I'Qfl<R 

• NET POINT PLEASANT THICKNESS : 150-250 FEET 

t- -1--::-·-~- ~ • ORGANIC CONTENT : TOC up to 7.0% 

• DRILL DEPTH = 6,000 - 8,000 FT. TVD 

--..._-J • MATURITY = WET GAS 

""""" • RRC LEASEHOLD = - 190,000 ACRES 
Maximum TOC "Utica Interval" 

i\tu:imum TOC \·ohao peer W.U orth• l:pper Ordoncua SU.Ie latorTol* iB Obio 

(•lad. "t: i<:a,~ Pomr Plusoal, LeDa.croa, ud Loc:au) 

J 

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-- .. --... ._ ~ ..... -.-. 

TOC...,_,. 

• c.. 

• c....., 

• ~ccn.~ 

roc ........ ... ,. 

--· l 

-

-o.l · 

TOC . .,.;p." F..-.. :>4 

\..,.Cooi H 

Coo4 1- 2 

rc ~1 

"""' ~ 

-- 3 ·-
Calculaltd '•R.Al'tl'llgt ptrWeU oftbt l:pptrOrdo\·lrbo Sbalt lolt n"'l• in Obio 

("Iori. 1:11<>~ .'' Polo I Pleasant, Lu:i.ngtoo, and Logan a) 

... 

..... 

... 

• 

.. ... • 'i' 

0., . . .. ., ., 

._ ... 

0.11 O?f ••• 

• • 

o.t e o.e1 a.?Se 

. .... . 

"·" 

.. .. • 

. ,..... • 

... 

~ . 

.. 

• 

.., 

• :• 

l " 

eo.12 

. ... ... 

••• 

,,. 

11. •• ' 

£1>·'

, ' ~ .. 0; 1' 'T" \68 • 

t 

• 

I 

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• . " -

·-

EXPLA."<ATTON 

•.Jt. data~ 

• C«e 

• CWW>p 

• SidNall ccniCUJtinp 
Mu1mum 5 1 \"alut ptr Wt ll of tb• U!IP••· Ordo\i<iau Sbaltlntfrval* in Ohio 

(*Ind. "Uti<a ,~ Polnl Plu•out, Lulu&tou, •ud Logoua) 

•• l' ••• 

••• 

• • 1 

•• 

~· • 

• \2 

.. ,,,., ....... 

•• » lf • · ·--

" 1.2 

EXPLANATION 

~·~ touf(~ • c... 

. ~ 

• s.drnr.u orc.~ 

~ coaac:.'J. ec-ntr\.'Y ~ 

"'CHC col-

--. 

2 

1 

OJ 

s, .... . lf'O«&tl\• poera&al 

qHCaohoc:k Ell«- ,. 

'""'Good 2 .... Good t-2 

fau 0 S--1 

- j 

~~.t --..1~" 

0 """-.tO.O~.twv.r 

J'ltU 

--.... , .... .,.,_ 
RESERVOIR OIL GAS BOE 

( mmbo) ( mmmcf) ( mmbo) 

Trenton-Black River 380 1,000 546 

Clinton-Medina 180 5,000 1,013 

Knox Sands & Dol so 360 110 

TOTAL 610 6,360 669 
Utica-Pt Pleasant Summary 

• The Ordovician age Utica Shale and Point Pleasant Formation is 

believed to be the source rock for over 300 million barrels of oil and 

3 trillion cubic feet of gas reserves from overlying Silurian age 

Clinton sandstones and deeper Cambrian-Ordovician age Knox 

carbonates and dstones in Eastern Ohio. 

• In Western Pennsylvania and ~P~J«=rn Ohio, the Utica Shale is over 

150 feet thick and the unde~IY.ing Roint Pleasant Formation is 140 

feet thick. 

• Mixed carbonate/shale sequence, containing total organic carbon 

content ranging from 2.4% to 3.7%. Not rich compared to Marcellus 

Shale, but effective due to the very thick section of potential source 

rock. 

• The Point Pleasant exhibits high resistivities on geophysical logs, 

indicating the section is hydrocarbon bearing. Log analysis indicates 

that porosities in the Point Pleasant Formation range 8% to 12%. 
How Much Can Be Recovered from 

Utica Interval in Ohio? 

• Over 10.9 million Ac in Ohio play 

• Avg. thickness 250ft (Utica-Point Pleasant) 

• Avg. TOC is 1.35% (max'.,. is higher) 

• Avg. potential yield ] OO BOE/ Ac-ft/%TOC 

• Total potential ca. 375 x 109 BOE in Ohio 

• What is Recovery Efficiency? 

• Wickstrom (2011) used 1.2 to 5% 

- So here 4.5 to 18.8 x 109 BOE 

-Wickstrom (2011) estimated 1.96 to 8.2 x 109 BOE 
DO'Nit"bolt ftT (If" 1(4ruftAl.. • soUfiCU 

HORIZONTAL UTI CA-POINT PL£ASANT W£LL A CT IVITY I N OJ 11 0 

....... ) 

f )( PLANATION 

Hof'ilontaJ well •teM lat of Nf."2013t • P,oduang:(81) 

Drilled I tnt • Dt'•ll•flt tm • tt.t~ 1 

~iJOCICnl • Noldttllcl(IO) 

• - 121 

--.:::: -:=. =:===--~- ·~ --.....-... -

• 

I I 

• • 

PJ!\;swwut ......... . ___ CGOo' 

...... .-... ... ·~..,.. -.... .. '*' · ~""'u~--..- 001,_.--...oM~o& C)o\1 ___ ... 

....

--~ .......... , ... -.. --~ ------

__ --.... ,.,._. 

.....---- -- ·

-

-.. c 

--·-.. --- ............... '"' --~ ··_ - - 111 .. 

. ..,... .. .... ~ _ 

--

·-

I 

·-

......... ,., .01\' - . • 

-. ' 

. - -

~ 

--

--

--

Developmen 

t of the Utica 

in Ohio 

As of 4/20/13 

616 wells permitted 

305 wells drilled 

81 wells producing 

. 

-... 

":: ~ Source: .. 

--- http://oilandgas.ohiodnr.gov/industry/shal 

e-well-drilling#SHALE 
What's Up with the Utica in Ohio? 

• Some large leaseholders are selling all or part 

' of their acreage! 

• Oil, in particular, is more difficult to produce 

and may require purng Jist. 

- Chesapeake {94,000 ~<1 · Ln Stark and Portage Co., ~· 

out of 1.2 million Ac holdings) 

-Devon {244,000 Ac for sale, selling all holdings) 

- Enervest {103,800 Ac for sale) 

On the other hand, some smaller companies see 

promise and are buying acreage (e.g., Gulfport 

Energy Corp., PDC Energy, Inc.)