§ 159.6 Procedures. ( a ) *Standing Combatant Command (CCMD) guidance and procedures.* Each CCDR with a geographic AOR shall develop and publish guidance and procedures for PSCs and PSC personnel operating during contingency operations, humanitarian or peace operations, or other military operations or exercises within their AOR, consistent with applicable law; this part; applicable Military Department publications; and other applicable DoD issuances including DoD Directive 3020.49, DoD Instruction 1100.22, “Policy and Procedures for Determining Workforce Mix,” FAR, DFARS, DoD Instruction 3020.41, DoD Directive 2311.01E, “DoD Law of War Program” (available at *https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodd/231101p.pdf?ver=2020-07-02-143157-007*); DoD 5200.08-R, “Physical Security Program” (available at *https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/520008rm.pdf*); CJCS Instruction 3121.01B,, and DoD Directive 5210.56. The guidance and procedures shall: ( 1 ) Contain, at a minimum, procedures to implement the following processes, and identify the organization responsible for managing these processes: ( i ) Registering, processing, accounting for and keeping appropriate records of PSCs and PSC personnel in accordance with DoD Instruction 3020.41.
( ii ) PSC verification that PSC personnel meet all the legal, training, and qualification requirements for authorization to carry a weapon in accordance with the terms and conditions of their contract and host country law. Weapons accountability procedures will be established and approved prior to the weapons authorization.
( iii ) Arming of PSC personnel. Requests for permission to arm PSC personnel shall be reviewed on a case-by-case basis by the appropriate Staff Judge Advocate to the CCDR of the geographic AOR (or a designee) to ensure there is a legal basis for approval. The request will then be approved or denied by the CCDR of the geographic AOR or a specifically identified designee, no lower than the flag officer level. Requests to arm non-DOD PSC personnel shall be reviewed and approved in accordance with § 159.4(c). Requests for permission to arm all PSC personnel shall include: ( A ) A description of where PSC personnel will operate, the anticipated threat, and what property or personnel such personnel are intended to protect, if any.
( B ) A description of how the movement of PSC personnel will be coordinated through areas of increased risk or planned or ongoing military operations, including how PSC personnel will be rapidly identified by members of the U.S. Armed Forces.
( C ) A communication plan, to include a description of how relevant threat information will be shared between PSC personnel and U.S. military forces and how appropriate assistance will be provided to PSC personnel who become engaged in hostile situations. DoD contractors performing private security functions are only to be used in accordance with DoD Instruction 1100.22, “Policy and Procedures for Determining Workforce Mix,”[1] that is, they are limited to a defensive response to hostile acts or demonstrated hostile intent.
( D ) Documentation of individual training covering weapons familiarization and qualification, rules for the use of force, limits on the use of force including whether defense of others is consistent with host nation Status of Forces Agreements or local law, the distinction between the rules of engagement applicable to military forces and the prescribed rules for the use of force that control the use of weapons by civilians, and the Law of Armed Conflict.
( E ) Written acknowledgment by the PSC and its individual PSC personnel, after investigation of background of PSC personnel by the contractor, verifying such personnel are not prohibited under U.S. law to possess firearms.
( F ) Written acknowledgment by the PSC and individual PSC personnel that: ( 1 ) Inappropriate use of force by contractor personnel authorized to accompany the U.S. Armed Forces may subject such personnel to United States or host nation prosecution and civil liability.[2]
( 2 ) Proof of authorization to be armed must be carried by each PSC personnel.
( 3 ) PSC personnel may possess only U.S.G.-issued and/or -approved weapons and ammunition for which they have been qualified according to paragraph (a)(1)(iii)(E) of this section.
( 4 ) PSC personnel were briefed about and understand limitations on the use of force.
( 5 ) Authorization to possess weapons and ammunition may be revoked for non-compliance with established rules for the use of force.
( 6 ) PSC personnel are prohibited from consuming alcoholic beverages or being under the influence of alcohol while armed.
( iv ) Registration and identification in the Synchronized Predeployment and Operational Tracker (or its successor database) of PSC personnel, weapons, armored vehicles, helicopters, and other vehicles operated by PSC personnel.
( v ) Reporting alleged criminal activity or other incidents involving PSCs or PSC personnel by another company or any other person. All incidents involving the following shall be reported and documented: ( A ) A weapon is discharged by an individual performing private security functions;
( B ) An individual performing private security functions is killed or injured in the performance of their duties;
( C ) A person other than an individual performing private security functions is killed or injured as a result of conduct by PSC personnel;
( D ) Property is destroyed as a result of conduct by a PSC or PSC personnel;
( E ) An individual performing private security functions has come under attack including in cases where a weapon is discharged against an individual performing private security functions or personnel performing such functions believe a weapon was so discharged; or
( F ) Active, non-lethal counter-measures (other than the discharge of a weapon) are employed by PSC personnel in response to a perceived immediate threat in an incident that could significantly affect U.S. objectives with regard to the military mission or international relations. (Active non-lethal systems include laser optical distracters, acoustic hailing devices, electro-muscular disruption devices, blunt-trauma devices like rubber balls and sponge grenades, and a variety of riot-control agents and delivery systems).
( vi ) The independent review and, if practicable, investigation of incidents reported pursuant to paragraphs (a)(1)(v)(A) through (a)(1)(v)(F) of this section and incidents of alleged misconduct by PSC personnel.
( vii ) Identification of ultimate criminal jurisdiction and investigative responsibilities, where conduct of U.S.G.-funded PSCs or PSC personnel are in question, in accordance with applicable laws to include a recognition of investigative jurisdiction and coordination for joint investigations (*i.e.,* other U.S.G. agencies, host nation, or third country agencies), where the conduct of PSCs and PSC personnel is in question.
( viii ) A mechanism by which a CCDR may, through the contracting officer, request an action by which PSC personnel who are non-compliant with contract requirements are removed from the designated operational area.
( ix ) Interagency coordination of administrative penalties or removal, as appropriate, of non-DoD PSC personnel who fail to comply with the terms and conditions of their contract, as they relate to this part.
( x ) Implementation of the training requirements contained below in paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section.
( 2 ) Specifically cover: ( i ) Matters relating to authorized equipment, force protection, security, health, safety, and relations and interaction with locals in accordance with DoD Instruction 3020.41.
( ii ) Assessing compliance with DoD approved business and operational standards for private security functions.
( iii ) Predeployment training requirements addressing, at a minimum, the identification of resources and assistance available to PSC personnel as well as country information and cultural training, and guidance on working with host country nationals and military personnel.
( iv ) Rules for the use of force and graduated force procedures.
( v ) Requirements for the PSC to cooperate with any investigation conducted by the DoD, including by providing access to its employees and relevant information in its possession regarding the matter(s) under investigation.
( vi ) Requirements and procedures for direction, control and the maintenance of communications with regard to the movement and coordination of PSCs and PSC personnel, including specifying interoperability requirements. These include coordinating with the COM, as necessary, private security operations outside secure bases and U.S. diplomatic properties to include movement control procedures for all contractors, including PSC personnel.
( b ) *Subordinate guidance and procedures.* A sub unified commander or JFC, in consultation with the COM, will issue guidance and procedures implementing the standing CCDR publications specified in paragraph (a) of this section, consistent with the situation and operating environment.
( c ) *Consultation and coordination.* The COM and the CCDR with geographic AOR/sub unified commander or JFC shall make every effort to consult and coordinate responses to common threats and common concerns related to oversight of the conduct of U.S.G.-funded PSCs and their personnel.
[76 FR 49655, Aug. 11, 2011, as amended at 87 FR 55285, Sept. 9, 2022] Footnotes -
159.6
[1] Available at *http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/110022p.pdf .*
[2] This requirement is specific to arming procedures. Such written acknowledgement should not be construed to limit potential civil and criminal liability to conduct arising from “the use of weapons.” For example, PSC personnel could be held criminally liable for any conduct that would constitute a Federal offense (see MEJA, 18 U.S.C. 3261(a)).