Forest 

Service

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 

2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest 

Inventory and Analysis Report

United States Department of Agriculture

Pacific Northwest 

Research Station

General Technical Report

PNW-GTR-958

November

2017
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Authors

Sheel Bansal is a research ecologist, U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, 

Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401. Bansal 

formerly was with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest 

Research Station, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512. Leslie Brodie is a forester, 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3625 

93rd Ave. SW, Olympia, WA 98512; Sharon Stanton is a supervisory biological scientist, 

Karen Waddell is a forester (retired), Marin Palmer is a forester, Glenn Christensen is a 

forester, and Olaf Kuegler is a statistician, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 

Pacific Northwest Research Station, 620 SW Main Street, Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205. 

Contributing Authors

John Chase is a geographic information system/remote sensing specialist, Joel Thompson 

is a forestry technician, and Sarah Jovan is a research ecologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 620 SW Main Street, Suite 400, 

Portland, OR 97205. Andy Gray is a research ecologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 

Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 

97331. Todd Morgan is director of the Bureau of Business and Economic Research, University of Montana, Gallagher Business Building, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812.

Cover: Reflection of Diamond Peak in Summit Lake, Klamath County, Oregon. 

Photo by Mark Gasser.
Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: 

Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Sheel Bansal, Leslie Brodie, Sharon Stanton, Karen Waddell, 

Marin Palmer, Glenn Christensen, and Olaf Kuegler

Contributing authors: John Chase, Joel Thompson, Andy Gray, 

Sarah Jovan, and Todd Morgan

U.S. Department of Agriculture

Forest Service

Pacific Northwest Research Station

Portland, Oregon

General Technical Report PNW-GTR-958

November 2017

Abstract

Bansal, Sheel; Brodie, Leslie; Stanton, Sharon; Waddell, Karen; Palmer, Marin; 

Christensen, Glenn; Kuegler, Olaf. 2017. Oregon’s forest resources, 2001–2010: tenyear Forest Inventory and Analysis report. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-958. Portland, 

OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research 

Station. 130 p.

This report highlights key findings from a comprehensive vegetation survey of all forested land across the state of Oregon. A total of 5,180 forested field plots in Oregon were 

visited by Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) crews over a 10-year period from 2001 to 

2010. Oregon has 30 million acres of forest, covering nearly half the state. The structure 

and composition of Oregon’s forests differ considerably across the state, particularly 

east versus west of the Cascade Range. Western Oregon forests are dominated by higher 

productivity classes (85 to 224 cubic feet per acre annual growth) and are composed 

of Douglas-fir and western hemlock, while forests in the east typically exhibit lower 

productivity (0 to 84 cubic feet per acre annual growth) and are composed of ponderosa 

pine, western juniper, and lodgepole pine. The Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management administer the majority of forested land in Oregon; these public forests managed 

by federal agencies tend to have older, larger trees. Private owners, both corporate and 

noncorporate, own nearly half of the forested land in western Oregon, particularly in 

areas of high productivity. Understory vegetation in Oregon forests is more abundant in 

younger, moist forests. Non-native species are present in many of Oregon’s forests, most 

notably cheatgrass in the east and Himalayan blackberry in the west. This report includes 

estimates of forest growth, removals, and mortality for ownership groups across the state. 

The FIA program will continue to revisit and remeasure all the field plots over 10 years to 

report on changes in Oregon’s forest resources.

Keywords: Air pollution, biomass, carbon, dead wood, Douglas-fir, fire, forest land, 

insects, invasive plants, inventory, timber volume, timberland, Oregon. 
Contents

1 Introduction

1 What Information Does This Report Provide? 

1 What Is Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA)? 

1 Why Are Oregon’s Forests Important?

5 What Do Oregon’s Forests Look Like Today?

5 Where Are Oregon’s Forests? 

5 What Types of Forests Grow in Oregon? 

5 What Is the Volume, Biomass, and Carbon Storage of Wood in Oregon Forests?

14 How Much Dead Wood Is In Oregon Forests?

15 How Old Are the Trees in Oregon?

17 How Are Oregon’s Forests Used?

17 Who Owns Oregon’s Forests?

19 How Much of Oregon’s Forests Can Be Managed for Timber Harvest? 

22 What Are the Current Rates of Growth, Removals, and Mortality?

28 What Products Come From Oregon’s Forests?

32 Where Is Understory Vegetation Found In Oregon Forests? 

33 How Have Disturbances and Stressors Shaped the Forests?

33 Which Invasive Species are Present In Oregon Forests?

35 How Many Trees Show Signs of Damage in Oregon Forests?

37 How Does FIA Monitor Air Pollution in Oregon Forests?

38 Where and When Has Recent Fire Occurred In Oregon Forests?

41	 Common and Scientific Plant Names

43 Acknowledgments

44 Metric Equivalents

44 Literature Cited 

46 Appendix 1: Summary Data Tables

121 Glossary
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Introduction

What Information Does This Report Provide? 

This report presents a summary of Oregon’s forest resources 

across all ownerships and forest types. It highlights key 

forest characteristics, summarized from inventory field 

plots sampled across Oregon over a period of 10 years (2001 

through 2010). In each section of the report, we summarize 

basic resource information on forest-related topics such as 

forested land area, ownership, timber volume, biomass, and 

carbon stocks; forest structure and function topics such as 

forest age, dead wood, and understory vegetation; and disturbance information such as tree damage, fire, and invasive 

plants. The appendix in this volume provides summary 

tables for many of the forest characteristics inventoried, and 

additional online appendices provide further summaries 

plus details on inventory methods and experimental design 

of previous and current FIA protocols. 

The data summarized in this report were collected by 

the Pacific Northwest Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) 

program. FIA implemented an annual sampling strategy 

in Oregon in 2001 that systematically measured 10 percent 

of the plots on all forested lands in the state each year for 

10 years. The previous report, Oregon’s Forest Resources, 

2001–2005: Five-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

(Donnegan et al. 2008), summarized the first 5 years of 

data from the first 50 percent of the plot measurements. 

This report updates the previous report and is the first to

include data from 100 percent of the FIA plots across all 

ownerships statewide. Therefore, these data should not be 

compared directly to previous reports or datasets to assess 

change in our forest resources over time.

What Is Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA)? 

The FIA program was created within the U.S. Department 

of Agriculture Forest Service in 1928 (called “Forest Survey” at the time) to conduct assessments of all the Nation’s 

forested lands for use in economic and forest management 

planning. The program was charged with collecting forest 

data on a series of permanent field plots, compiling and 

making data available to the public, and providing research 

and interpretations from those data. Four FIA units are 

responsible for inventories of all forested lands in the 

conterminous United States, Alaska, and Hawaii; the U.S. 

territories of American Samoa, Commonwealth of the 

Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, Puerto Rico, and U.S. 

Virgin Islands; and the U.S.-affiliated Pacific Islands, which 

include the Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of the 

Marshall Islands, and Republic of Palau. 

Starting in 2000, as required by the Agricultural 

Research Extension and Education Reform Act of 1998 (the 

“Farm Bill”), FIA implemented a new standardized national 

inventory method in which a portion of all plots in each 

state is measured each year. The effect of the standardization is that, for the first time in 70 years, all FIA units are 

using a common plot design, a common set of measurement 

protocols, and a standard database design for compiling and 

distributing data. Under this unified approach, FIA now 

provides consistent estimators of forest parameters across 

all forested lands in the United States. 

The base set of FIA plots is spaced at approximate 

3-mile intervals on a hexagonal grid across each state (fig. 

1), spanning both publicly and privately owned forests, and 

includes lands reserved from management for wood production (e.g., national parks, wilderness areas, and natural 

areas). The FIA inventory cycle involves annual measurements of a systematic subsample of all plots, each representing 10 percent of the plots in each state. This report covers 

all 5,180 forested plots in Oregon (table A2-1; fig. 2) that 

were inventoried by FIA field crews between 2001 and 2010 

(fig. 3). Additional information about previous and current 

annual inventories are available online at http://www.fs.fed.

us/pnw/rma/ and http://fia.fs.fed.us/.

Why Are Oregon’s Forests Important?

Almost half of Oregon’s land area is forested, and a variety 

of economic, ecological, and social benefits are derived from 

these forests. As human population continues to grow, we 

increase our reliance on healthy forests and the ecosystem 

services they provide, such as clean water, wildlife habitat, 

carbon sequestration, wood products, and recreation. Historically, the economy of the Pacific Northwest was largely 

based upon natural resources such as timber from forests 

(figs. 4 and 5), and natural resources remain an important 

piece of Oregon’s economy. Oregon is the top U.S. producer 
2

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

 (panel number for hexagons)

Sampling year

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

Year 6

Year 7

Year 8

Year 9

Year 10

Figure 1—Example of the hexagonal grid that serves as the foundation of field plot assignment, with the cells shaded corresponding to 

each of the 10 annual measurement panels, magnified for Lane County, Oregon. All plots in one panel are sampled in 1 year.

J. Chase
3

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Forest plots

Forest

Nonforest

Water

Counties

0 20 40 10

Miles

o

Figure 2—Approximate locations of all 5,180 accessible forested plots measured between 2001 and 2010 that provide the data used in this 

report (forest/nonforest geographic information system layer: Blackard et al. 2008). 

Figure 3—Forest Inventory and 

Analysis field crews take a wide 

variety of measurements on each 

plot visited.

J. Thompson Sharon Stanton
4

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Figure 4—Worker scales load of large logs on back of truck, Oregon in the 1930s. 

Photo courtesy of the Forest History Society, Durham, North Carolina (image ID#FHS5495)

Figure 5—Boy surveys hilltop after Oregon’s Tillamook Burn, 1942. 

Photo courtesy of the Forest History Society, Durham, North Carolina (image ID#FHS2715)
5

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

of plywood and softwood lumber, and the forestry sector 

provides 3 percent (59,000) of all jobs statewide (Oregon 

Forest Resources Institute 2016). Biomass power plants 

generate electricity by burning wood waste from sawmills 

and logging operations. There are also nontimber forest 

products and financial benefits from ecosystem services, 

such as the regulation of water quality and quantity, carbon 

sequestration, soil creation, and soil retention.

Ecological benefits of the structure and function of 

forested ecosystems include providing habitat for plant and 

animal species. The vast expanses of continuous, coniferous 

forests over much of Oregon host species that include Roosevelt elk, black-tailed deer, American black bear, mountain 

lion, fisher, snowshoe hare, Pacific chorus frog, Oregon 

slender salamander, red-tailed hawk, pileated woodpecker, 

great horned owl, northern spotted owl, and northern flying 

squirrel. Oregon forests also support favorable habitat for 

fish such as salmon and steelhead trout by filtering runoff to 

streams, providing shade, improving water absorption, and 

retaining soils. 

Oregon forests also provide a number of social benefits. 

Forests are used for recreational, cultural, and spiritual 

activities. Oregonians consider outdoor recreation an 

important part of their lifestyle, with high recreation rates 

and use of public lands throughout the Pacific Northwest. 

What Do Oregon’s Forests 

Look Like Today?

Where Are Oregon’s Forests? 

Forests cover about 30 million ac of Oregon’s total land 

area of 63 million ac. The area of forest in Oregon is almost 

evenly divided between east and west of the Cascade Crest 

(fig. 6). The Oregon Coast Range ecoregion has the highest 

percentage of forested land in the state. Its proximity 

to the Pacific Ocean results in mild temperatures and 

high precipitation in the Coast Range, creating excellent 

growing conditions for trees. Conditions are also generally 

favorable for forest growth in the western Cascade Range, 

although cool temperatures limit productivity at higher elevations. East of the Cascades, moisture becomes a limiting 

resource, but there are still extensive forests throughout the 

Blue Mountains and other mountainous areas. In contrast, 

the Columbia River basin and southeastern regions of 

the state are sparsely forested, and instead dominated by 

sagebrush-steppe habitat. Klamath, Douglas, and Lane 

Counties contain the most forested land area (fig. 7). 

What Types of Forests Grow in Oregon? 

The environment and vegetation of the Pacific Northwest 

are among the most diverse in North America, and Oregon 

boasts some of the most productive coniferous forests 

in the world. The FIA field crews identified nearly 50 

different tree species across 12 dominant forest types in 

Oregon (fig. 8). About 86 percent of Oregon’s forests are 

dominated by coniferous (softwood) forest types, covering 

nearly 26 million ac (fig. 9). These forests are composed 

predominantly of Douglas-fir (36 percent of all forested land 

area), ponderosa pine (17 percent), and fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock (12 percent) forest types. Hardwood forest types 

cover an additional 3 million ac (12 percent of forested land 

area) (fig. 10). The major hardwood forest types are alder/

maple (4 percent), western oak (3 percent), and tanoak/laurel 

(2 percent). About 3 percent of forested land is classified as 

nonstocked, meaning that less than 10 percent of the land has 

tree cover because of harvest or disturbances such as fire.

The diverse topography and strong climate gradients 

contribute to Oregon’s high plant diversity. There is a distinct difference in forest types on either side of the Cascade 

Crest; Douglas-fir, hemlock/Sitka spruce, and alder/maple 

are major forest types in western Oregon, compared to ponderosa pine, western juniper, and lodgepole pine in eastern 

Oregon (figs. 11 and 12). The fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 

forest group is common at high elevations throughout the 

state, while western oak is found primarily in the relatively 

warm and dry inland valleys of western Oregon.

What Is the Volume, Biomass, and Carbon 

Storage of Wood in Oregon Forests?

The volume of wood in Oregon’s forests can be an indicator 

of forest productivity, vigor, and structure. Tree volume is 

calculated using height and diameter measurements collected by FIA field crews, which in turn is used to estimate 

biomass, carbon storage, and capacity for production of 

wood products. 
6

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Blue 

Mountains

Western 

Cascades

Northwestern 

Basin and 

Range

Columbia 

Basin

Klamath 

Mountains

Owyhee 

Uplands

Modoc 

Plateau

Eastern 

Cascades

Willamette 

Valley

Blue 

Mountain 

Foothills

Blue 

Mountain 

Foothills Oregon 

Coast 

Range

Snake 

River 

Basalts 

and Basins

Southern 

Cascades

Palouse 

Prairie

Northern 

California 

Coast

Blue 

Mountains

Northwestern 

Basin and 

Range

Columbia 

Basin

Klamath 

Mountains

Owyhee 

Uplands

Modoc 

Plateau

Eastern 

Cascades

Willamette 

Valley

Blue 

Mountain 

Foothills

Blue 

Mountain 

Foothills Oregon 

Coast 

Range

Snake 

River 

Basalts 

and Basins

Southern 

Cascades

Palouse 

Prairie

Northern 

California 

Coast

0 25 50 12.5

Miles

Ecosections

Forest

Nonforest

Water

o

Figure 6—Oregon’s ecosections (ecosection geographic information system layer: McNab et al. 2005; forest/nonforest geographic 

information system layer: Blackard et al. 2008).

J. Chase
7

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Columbia

Clatsop

Umatilla Wallowa

Morrow Union

Gilliam

Tillamook

Washington Sherman

Multnomah

Hood River

Wasco Yamhill Clackamas

Marion Baker Polk Wheeler

Lincoln Grant

Jefferson

Linn Benton

Crook

Malheur

Lane Deschutes

Harney Douglas

Lake

Klamath

Coos

Jackson

Curry

Josephine

0 25 50 100

Miles

Counties

Forest

Nonforest

Developed

Water

o

J. Chase

Figure 7—Oregon’s land cover and counties (forest/nonforest geographic information system layer: Blackard et al. 2008; land cover 

layer: USGS MRLC-NLCD, Homer et al. 2007; relief layer: USGS NED, Gesch et al. 2002). All analyses dividing the state into 

western and eastern Oregon are done by county, with the division falling on the western boundary of Wasco, Jefferson, Deschutes, and 

Klamath Counties.
8

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Aspen

Cottonwood

Douglas-fir

Engelmann spruce/subalpine fir

Lodgepole pine

Mountain hemlock

Mountain mahogany woodland

Oregon white oak

Ponderosa pine

Western juniper

White fir

No forested plots measured

0 20 40 10

Miles o

Figure 8—Dominant forest types and ecosections in Oregon (ecosection geographic information systems layer: McNab et al. 2005).

J. Thompson
9

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000

Area (thousand acres)

Eastern Oregon

Western Oregon

Other western softwoods

Western larch

Hemlock/Sitka spruce

Lodgepole pine

Western juniper

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock

Ponderosa pine

Douglas-fir

Softwood forest type group

0 500 1,000 1,500

Area (thousand acres)

Aspen/birch

Elm/ash/cottonwood

Woodland hardwoods

Other hardwoods

Tanoak/laurel

Western oak

Alder/maple

Hardwood forest type group

Eastern Oregon

Western Oregon

Figure 9—Area of softwood forest by forest type group/species in eastern and western Oregon, 2001–2010. Standard errors shown are for 

state totals, not divided by east/west.

Figure 10—Area of hardwood forest by forest type group/species in eastern and western Oregon, 2001–2010. Other hardwoods 

include Pacific madrone, bitter cherry, and other infrequent hardwood forest types. Standard errors shown are for state totals, not 

divided by east/west.
10

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Figure 12—Thinned western hemlock and Douglas-fir stand in western Oregon.

Figure 11—Ponderosa pine is a key forest type found in eastern Oregon.

Karen Waddell Sharon Stanton
11

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Oregon has approximately 100 billion net cubic feet of 

live-tree wood volume on forest land with a mean volume of 

about 3,400 ft3/ac (fig. 13). The greatest proportion of wood 

volume is found in commercially important softwood tree 

species such as Douglas-fir, true firs, pines, and western 

hemlock, which collectively make up 92 percent of all 

live-tree volume on Oregon forest land; the remaining 8 

percent of live-tree volume is in hardwood species. The 

moist forests of western Oregon have three times greater net 

volume than those in eastern Oregon. The majority (56 percent) of live-tree volume is on national forest land, followed 

by corporate (15 percent) and other federal owners (14 

percent). Across all ownerships, most tree volume is found 

on unreserved land. Forests dominated by large-diameter 

trees are more common on public lands (fig. 14).

Aboveground forest biomass and carbon accumulate 

in live trees, snags (standing dead trees), and down wood. 

Biomass estimates from comprehensive forest inventories 

are essential for quantifying the amount and distribution of 

carbon stocks, evaluating sources of sustainable fuel, and 

tracking net primary productivity. Total estimated aboveground biomass in live trees and dead wood across Oregon 

is 2.7 billion tons, the majority of which is contained in live 

trees (2.1 billion tons) (fig. 15). Statewide, softwood forest 

types have 10 times the amount of biomass and carbon 

as hardwood types. Douglas-fir is the most abundant tree 

species in Oregon, and therefore contributes the most to 

biomass and carbon storage across the state, while hemlock/

Sitka spruce forests contain the most biomass and carbon on 

a per-hectare basis (figs. 16A and 16B). 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Net volume per acre (thousand cubic feet per acre)

0 20,000 40,000 60,000

USDA Forest Service

Other federal government

State and local government

Noncorporate private

Corporate private

USDA Forest Service

Other federal government

State and local government

Noncorporate private

Corporate private

Net volume (million cubic feet)

Reserved forest

Unreserved forest

Figure 13—Total and per-acre net cubic volume of all live trees by ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010.
12

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

5.0–8.9 9.0–20.9 21.0–32.9 >33.0

Net cubic foot volume (percent)

Diameter class (inches d.b.h.)

National forests

National parks

State and local

Bureau of Land Management

All private owners

0 25 50 12.5

Miles

Biomass (dry tons/acre)

High > 250 

 

Low < 1

Land cover

Nonforest

Developed

Water

Snow and ice

o

Figure 15—Estimated live-tree biomass (dry tons per acre) in Oregon, 2001–2010 (forest/nonforest geographic information system layer: 

Blackard et al. 2008; landcover layer: USGS MRLC-NLCD, Homer et al. 2007; relief layer: USGS NED, Gesch et al. 2002). 

Figure 14—Percentage of volume by diameter class and owner group on forest land, Oregon, 2001–2010. d.b.h = diameter at breast height.

J. Chase
13

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

0 100 000 200 000 300 000 400 000 500 000 600 000 700 000

Other hardwoods

Western oak

Tanoak/laurel

Alder/maple

Other western softwoods

Western larch

Western juniper

Lodgepole pine

Hemlock/Sitka spruce

Ponderosa pine

Fir/spruce/

mountain hemlock

Fir/spruce/ mountain hemlock

Douglas-fir

Carbon (thousand megagrams)

Forest type group

Live trees ≥ 1 inch d.b.h.

Snags ≥ 5 inches d.b.h.

Down wood ≥ 3 inches l.e.d.

AForest type group

B

0 50 000 100 000 150 000 200 000

Other hardwoods

Woodland hardwoods

Aspen/birch

Western oak

Elm/ash/cottonwood

Alder/maple

Tanoak/laurel

Other western softwoods

Western juniper

Lodgepole pine

Ponderosa pine

Western larch

Douglas-fir

Hemlock/Sitka spruce

Carbon (kilograms per hectare)

Live trees ≥ 1 inch d.b.h.

Snags ≥ 5 inches d.b.h.

Down wood ≥ 3 inches l.e.d.

Figure 16—Total and per-hectare carbon mass of live trees, snags, and down wood by forest type group, Oregon, 2001–2010. d.b.h. = 

diameter at breast height; l.e.d. = large-end diameter.
14

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

How Much Dead Wood Is In Oregon Forests?

Dead wood, standing as snags or fallen on the forest floor, 

is an important component of forest structure. Dead wood 

in a forest provides habitat for wildlife and fungi, improves 

soil fertility through nutrient cycling and moisture retention, adds to fuel loads, and is a key structural element in 

mature forests. Dead wood resources can be assessed from 

a variety of perspectives—too much can be viewed as a 

fire hazard, and too little can be viewed as a lack of habitat. 

FIA provides estimates of the amount of both standing dead 

trees (snags) and down wood, as well as their decay status.

There are approximately 227 million tons of standing 

snags and another 367 million tons of down wood on forest 

land across Oregon (figs. 17 and 18). By comparison, there 

are about 2.1 billion tons of live tree biomass found on these 

forests. The majority of dead wood is found on forest land 

managed by the Forest Service (61 percent). Private ownerships, both corporate and noncorporate, account for about 

23 percent of the dead wood biomass. On a per-acre basis, 

Forest Service lands average about 27 snags and about 14 

tons of down wood biomass (fig. 19). This is in contrast to 

private ownerships, which average about 11 snags and 10 

tons of down wood biomass per acre. By stand age, maximum total biomass per acre in standing dead trees occurs in 

stands 161 to 200 years old for both hardwood and softwood 

forest types. The majority of coarse down wood pieces 

(≥3 inches in diameter) found on the forest floor are in the 

smallest diameter class (table A2-63). 

0

50

100

150

200

250

Forest 

Service

Other 

federal

State and 

local

government

Private

Biomass (million tons)

Ownership group

Standing dead trees

Down wood

Figure 18—Total biomass (million tons) in standing dead trees 

(snags) and down wood by ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010.

Karen Waddell

Figure 17—Large down logs such as this example of a fallen 

Douglas-fir tree in Opal Creek contribute to key habitat and 

structural elements in mature forests of the region.
15

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

How Old Are the Trees in Oregon?

Stand age is defined as the average age of the dominant size 

class of trees and is often a function of the amount of time 

since the last harvest or other stand-replacing disturbances 

such as fires, insect outbreaks, or disease. In forests where 

disturbances that only kill portions of a stand are common, 

interpretation of stand age is less straightforward. FIA field 

crews count annual rings on increment cores from a subset 

of the trees in the dominant size class to estimate average 

forest stand age (fig. 20). The spatial distribution of tree 

ages varies across the state, resulting mainly from differences in disturbance histories, ownership patterns, and 

management strategies.

There are many areas of forests in Oregon that have never 

been commercially harvested. Even so, the majority of Oregon’s forests, both hardwoods and softwoods, are less than 160 

years old, with more than half of the state’s forests less than 

80 years old (fig. 21). Fifty-four percent of Douglas-fir and 80 

percent of alder/maple stands are younger than 60 years old.

10

15

20

25

30

Forest 

Service

Other 

federal

State and 

local

governments

Private

0

5

Snags (trees/acre) or down wood biomass (tons/acre)

Ownership group

Standing dead trees

Down wood biomass

Figure 19—Average number of standing dead trees (snags) per 

acre and down wood biomass (tons) per acre by ownership group, 

Oregon, 2001–2010.

Figure 20—Field crew collecting an increment core to estimate 

age and growth rates. 

Michelle Gerdes

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1–40

41–80

81–120

121–160

161–200

200+

Total forest area (percent) 

Stand age class (years)

Hardwoods

Softwoods

Figure 21—Percentage of forest area by stand age class for 

softwood and hardwood forest types, Oregon, 2001–2010.
16

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Older Douglas-fir forests provide high structural diversity (fig. 22), with tree diameters covering a broad range of 

classes, and seedlings and saplings as the most abundant 

age class. Thirteen percent of Douglas-fir and 3 percent of 

alder/maple forest types are older than 160 years. Public 

forests tend to be older than forests on private lands. The 

majority of softwood stands greater than 200 years old are 

located in the Cascades and southwestern regions on Forest 

Service land (fig. 23).

Figure 22—Old growth Douglas-fir stand in Mount Hood 

National Forest, Oregon. Old-growth stands typically have a 

complex stand structure including both large- and small-diameter 

trees and down wood.

Dan Coles

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0 20 40 10

Miles

o

Softwood Forest Type 

Group

# Douglas-fir group

Fir/spruce/mountain

hemlock group

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 

group

Lodgepole pine group

Ponderosa pine group

Western juniper group

Western larch group

Other western

softwoods group

Counties

Forest

Nonforest

#

#

#

#

#

#

#

Figure 23—Distribution map of softwood stands greater than 200 years old, delineated by forest type (Blackard et al. 2008).
17

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

How Are Oregon’s Forests Used?

Who Owns Oregon’s Forests?

Oregon’s forests are owned by a wide variety of public 

and private entities (fig. 24). Different ownership groups 

often have different management priorities, which result 

in variations in forest structure. Public owners include 

federal, state, and local governments. FIA reports on 

private ownership in two broad categories: corporate and 

noncorporate. Corporate ownership includes private forest 

lands owned by a company, corporation, legal partnership, 

investment firm, bank, timberland investment management 

organization (TIMO), or real estate investment trust (REIT), 

whereas all individual- or family-owned private parcels, 

including unincorporated partnerships, are classified by FIA 

as noncorporate. 

More than half of Oregon’s forests are administered by 

the U.S. Forest Service National Forest System or by the 

U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management (fig. 25). Federally managed forests tend to be older 

and at higher elevations, and therefore have bigger trees on 

less-productive sites; about 4 percent of federal forest land 

is considered highly productive, compared to 17 percent of 

private lands. Federal owners manage the majority of the 

2.35 million ac of reserved forest lands (those withdrawn by 

law from management for the production of wood products). 

Other publicly owned forest lands include state and 

county forests and those administered by other federal 

agencies, such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the 

Bonneville Power Administration, and the National Park 

Service. Probably the most notable in this ownership 

0 25 50 12.5

Miles

U.S. Forest 

Service

Bureau of Land 

Management

State and local

Private and tribal

Nonforest

Water

Other public

Counties

o

Figure 24—Oregon forest ownership categories (forest/nonforest geographic information system layer: Blackard et al. 2008; Ownership 

layer: BLM OR Management Ownership Dissolve Polygon).

J. Chase
18

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

group are Oregon’s state-owned forest lands, managed by 

the Oregon Department of Forestry, with holdings such 

as the Tillamook, Clatsop, Elliott, Gilchrist, Santiam, 

and Sun Pass State Forests. The Gilchrist State Forest in 

Deschutes County was added in 2010 (comprising 43,200 

ac of young ponderosa and lodgepole pine forest types). 

The state forest system includes more than 1 million ac, 

about 3 percent of Oregon’s forested acreage. Private 

owners include families, individuals, conservation and 

natural resource organizations, unincorporated partnerships, associations, or clubs, corporations, and Native 

American tribes (fig. 26). 

Corporations manage 20 percent of Oregon’s forests. 

Recently, some large, publicly owned timber companies 

reorganized into REITs and TIMOs. Real estate investment trusts directly own forest land, whereas timberland 

investment management organizations manage lands owned 

by investors. The REITs and TIMOs own forest land as 

investment vehicles that compete with and complement 

alternative investments; these entities and their subsidiaries 

may or may not own wood-processing facilities. 

The National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS), a 

questionnaire-based survey conducted by FIA, provides 

insight into private family forest owners and their concerns, 

their current use and management, and their future intentions for their forests (Butler et al. 2016). Survey results 

from 2011 to 2013 show that families own 12 percent of 

Oregon’s forested land. About 98 percent of family-owned 

forests are parcels of less than 500 ac, with the vast majority 

owning parcels of 50 or fewer acres that they use as their 

primary residence (fig. 27). The most recent NWOS information and results can be found at http://www.fia.fs.fed.us/

nwos/results/.

Private

noncorporate

(17.1%) 

Eastern Oregon

National

forests

(57.8%) 

Private

corporate

(11.9%) 

National grasslands (0.3%) 

National Park 

Service (0.6%) 

Other federal (0.1%) 

State (1.1%) 

County/municipal (0.3%) 

Bureau of Land Management 

(10.3%) 

Western Oregon

Private

noncorporate

(14.9%) 

Private

corporate

(27.8%) 

Other federal 

(0.1%) State (5.6%)

County/municipal 

(0.9%) 

Bureau 

of Land 

Management 

(13.8%) 

National

forests

(36.7%) 

Figure 25—Percentage of forest land by owner group in eastern and western Oregon, 2001–2010.

Figure 26—Example of active management in a recently thinned 

stand on private timberland in Lane County, Oregon. 

Mark Gasser
19

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

How Much of Oregon’s Forests Can Be Managed 

for Timber Harvest? 

Timber and timber products such as paper, lumber, and 

fuel continue to play an essential role in Oregon’s economy. 

Currently, 80 percent of Oregon’s 30 million ac of forest 

land is classified as timberland (the productive component 

of forest land that is not withdrawn from management for 

the production of wood products by law or statute) (fig. 28). 

Western Oregon has the majority (77 percent) of the total 

net volume of unreserved timberland, especially in Douglas 

and Lane Counties (15 percent each). 

Ownership is a critical element in determining the availability of timber for harvest and commercial use. Private 

owners manage 39 percent of all productive timberland in 

Oregon (corporate 5.8 million ac, noncorporate 3.5 million 

ac) (fig. 29) and currently have no forest land designated as 

reserved. However, the Oregon Forest Practices Act does 

require retention of some volume in harvest units and along 

fish-bearing streams. The U.S. Forest Service administers 

an additional 48 percent of timberland (11.6 million ac), 

which excludes reserved areas and is managed for multiple 

uses. Forested land officially designated as reserved includes 

national parks, federal wilderness areas, and federal wildlife 

refuges, totaling 8 percent of the forest land in the state. 

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

Percentage of owners

10–1920–4950–59

100–199200–499500–999

1,000–5,0005,000–9,999

10,000+

Size of holdings (acres)

Figure 27—Percentage of family-owned forest holdings by parcel 

size class in Oregon, 2011–2013. Data source: Butler et al. (2016), 

2013 survey summary table OR-6. http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/

pubs/50674.

Western Oregon

Timberland

(89%) 

Unreserved–other forests (3%) 

Reserved–other forests (1%) Reserved–

productive 

forests (7%) 

Eastern Oregon

Timberland

(71%) 

Unreserved–

other forests

Reserved–other (20%) forests (1%) 

Reserved–

productive 

forests (8%) 

Figure 28—Proportion of forest land area by current land status, Oregon, 2001–2010.
20

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Harvestable volume is the amount of wood found in 

sawtimber trees (larger diameter commercial species) on 

timberland. In the Pacific Northwest, sawtimber is measured by the Scribner log rule, which estimates volume in 

board feet. By tree species group, most of the wood volume 

(92 percent) found on timberland is in coniferous species 

(fig. 30). Douglas-fir has about 58 percent of all board foot 

volume in the state, more than 223 billion Scribner board 

feet (38.1 billion ft3). There are about 19 billion Scribner 

board feet (3.2 billion ft3) found in all hardwood tree species. Red alder makes up the majority of the wood volume 

found in hardwood species, with more than 11 billion 

Scribner board feet.

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000

State and local

government

Other federal

government

Noncorporate private

Corporate private

USDA 

Forest Service

Timberland area (thousand acres)

Western Oregon

Eastern Oregon

Figure 29—Area of timberland by ownership, eastern and western Oregon, 2001–2010.

The average harvestable volume per acre on timberland 

for the state is about 16,000 Scribner board feet (2,900 ft3/

ac). Despite managing relatively little acreage in timberland, 

state and local governments have some of the greatest 

volumes per acre, with the average being about 21,500 

Scribner board feet per acre (3,900 ft3/ac) (fig. 31). Private 

ownerships (corporate and noncorporate owners) tend 

to manage their timberland with less volume per acre on 

average, about 9,300 Scribner board feet per acre (1,700 ft3/

ac), largely because harvest results in younger stands.
21

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

0 50 100 150 200 250

Engelmann and 

other spruces

Western larch

Incense cedar

Sitka spruce

Sugar pine

Lodgepole pine

Western redcedar

Red alder

Western hemlock

True fir

Ponderosa and 

Jeffrey pines

Douglas-fir

Net Scribner volume (billion board feet)

Figure 30—Scribner board foot volume found on timberland by species group (those contributing at least 1 percent of total volume), 

Oregon, 2001–2010.

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

All owners

Other federal

Corporate private

Noncorporate private

USDA Forest Service

State and local

government

Average sawtimber volume per acre (net board feet, Scribner)

Figure 31—Average sawtimber tree volume per acre by ownership group (net board feet, Scribner), Oregon, 2001–2010.
22

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

What Are the Current Rates of Growth, 

Removals, and Mortality?

Changes in wood volume over time can be determined by 

examining growth, removals, and mortality of trees. These 

components are key factors in understanding how management, ecology, and climate change interact across the landscape to affect Oregon’s forests. It is important to take into 

account that private forests are distinctly different from public 

forests in management practices as well as vegetation type, 

productivity, and topographic location. For example, the Forest Service manages extensive areas of wilderness and other 

reserved land that cannot be compared directly with privately 

owned forests managed for production of wood products.

When the sum of all tree removals and mortality 

exceeds growth, then total tree volume declines. In small 

areas, removals undertaken to reduce fire hazard or deter 

pest infestations may sometimes exceed growth in the short 

term. This trend, however, may be reversed in the long term 

by protecting against catastrophic mortality. Conversely, 

widespread mortality caused by bark beetles, for example, 

may offset growth gains and thus prevent or delay attainment of ecological benefits such as sequestration of carbon 

or economic benefits such as forest products (fig. 32).

FIA conducted a forest inventory between 1995 and 

1998 on private, state, and local government timberland. 

Owing to numerous differences between the current inventory and those prior measurements, comparing this inventory’s volume estimates with those published from previous 

inventories will not produce valid change estimates. Differences include, for example, sampling different areas (forest 

land vs. timberland, with or without reserved land) and 

using different definitions (e.g., growing-stock). To estimate 

volume change despite these differences, we estimated net 

change based on revisited plots, relying on the algorithms 

and definitions of today’s annual inventory. Between 2007 

and 2010, FIA remeasured a subset of the 1990’s inventory 

(398 forested plots; tables 1 through 3). The remeasurement 

period ranged from 8 to 15 years with an average of 11.2 

Figure 32—Growth of trees is offset by harvest and mortality. Tree mortality shown here was caused by the Biscuit Fire in southwest Oregon.

Janelle Cossey
23

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

years. Note that many of the estimates listed for state and 

private land have larger sampling errors, so tables 1 through 

3 and figures 33 and 35 must be viewed with this in mind. 

The Forest Service installed a separate grid of plots on 

Pacific Northwest Region national forest lands in Oregon 

between 1993 and 1997 (Max et al. 1996) and remeasured 

them between 1999 and 2007. A change inventory was 

compiled using FIA procedures and classification from subsequent remeasurements using annualized FIA procedures 

(Gray and Whittier 2014). The mean remeasurement interval 

on plots used in this national forest analysis was 7.1 years.

Changes on private timberland 

(1995–1998 to 2007–2010)—

In western Oregon, growth on private timberland averaged 

100.3 ft3/ac/year, and was similar between corporate and 

noncorporate timberland (98.4 and 104.9 ft3/ac/year, respectively) (fig. 33). Mortality losses were also very similar 

between corporate and noncorporate timberlands (10.2 and 

13.5 ft3/ac/year, respectively). In contrast, removals (e.g., 

harvest) were almost twice as high on corporate versus 

noncorporate timberland (119.9 versus 66.9 ft3/ac/year). In 

general, growth exceeded mortality and removals on noncorporate timberland (24.5 ft3

/ac/year), but not on corporate 

private timberland (-31.7 ft3/ac/year); albeit these differences 

in removals and growth are not statistically significant.

Private timberland in eastern Oregon was less productive than timberland in western Oregon (43.3 versus 100.3 

ft3/ac/year, respectively) (table 1). Although noncorporate 

timberland was more productive than corporate timberland 

(54.2 versus 39.0 ft3/ac/year), corporate timberland had more 

than twice the amount of removals (38.1 versus 16.4 ft3/ac/

year, respectively). On eastern Oregon corporate timberland, growth did not exceed removals and mortality (-4.8 

ft3/ac/year), but it did on noncorporate timberland (24.5 ft3/

ac/year). Neither change, however, is statistically significant. 

Similar trends were observed for biomass (table 3).

Table 1—Average annual volume (cubic feet) of growth, removals and mortality per acre per year on nonnational-forest timberland, Oregon, 1995–1998 to 2007–2010

Private

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate Total private

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre per year

Eastern Oregon:

Growth 71.99 22.69 67.02 21.54 39.04 5.51 52.24 7.94 43.28 4.6

Mortality 48.84 22.44 108.74 94.64 5.81 2.21 11.33 5.38 7.58 2.27

Removals — — — — 38.05 7.59 16.37 11.98 31.08 6.38

Net change 23.15 29.23 -41.73 114.67 -4.82 9.68 24.54 15.28 4.62 8.26

Western Oregon:

Growth — — 148.69 21.94 98.39 9.51 104.9 14.31 100.27 7.94

Mortality — — 17.45 6.23 10.18 1.8 13.51 3.49 11.14 1.62

Removals — — 87.77 52.6 119.88 19.9 66.93 19.93 104.58 15.38

Net change — — 43.47 61.25 -31.67 24.51 24.45 27.55 -15.45 19.29

Total:

Growth 71.99 22.69 140.05 20.22 81.69 7.08 88.41 10.41 83.7 5.85

Mortality 48.84 22.44 27.11 12.24 8.95 1.43 12.83 2.94 10.11 1.32

Removals — — 78.48 47.16 96.86 14.59 51.1 14.33 83.2 11.12

Net change 23.15 29.23 34.46 56.32 -24.12 17.84 24.48 19.52 -9.61 13.89

— = not available. 

SE = standard error.
24

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table 2—Average annual volume (cubic feet) of growth, removals and mortality per year on non-nationalforest timberland, Oregon, 1995–1998 to 2007–2010

Private

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate Total private

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Thousand cubic feet per year

Eastern Oregon: 

Growth 19,368 7,416 7,443 4,530 66,807 9,973 42,341 8,594 109,148 12,559

Mortality 13,141 5,772 12,077 12,089 9,941 3,818 9,183 4,388 19,125 5,817

Removals — — — — 65,110 13,095 13,267 9,799 78,377 16,193

Net change 6,227 8,309 -4,635 12,910 -8,244 16,548 19,891 12,861 11,646 20,850

Western Oregon:

Growth — — 139,610 26,584 430,090 43,631 186,418 31,745 616,509 52,161

Mortality — — 16,385 6,108 44,486 7,919 24,013 6,474 68,499 10,103

Removals — — 82,408 49,500 524,040 90,167 118,951 37,157 642,991 96,437

Net change — — 40,817 58,106 -138,436 107,577 43,455 49,288 -94,981 118,612

Total:

Growth 19,368 7,416 147,052 26,967 496,897 44,756 228,759 32,888 725,657 53,652

Mortality 13,141 5,772 28,462 13,544 54,428 8,792 33,196 7,821 87,624 11,658

Removals — — 82,408 49,500 589,150 91,113 132,218 38,428 721,367 97,787

Net change 6,227 8,309 36,182 59,523 -146,680 108,842 63,345 50,938 -83,335 120,431

— = not available. SE = standard error.

Table 3—Average annual biomass (tons) of growth, removals and mortality per acre per year on non-nationalforest timberland, Oregon, 1995–1998 to 2007–2010

Private

Other federal State and local Corporate Noncorporate Total private

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Short tons per acre per year

Eastern Oregon timberland:a

Growth 1.38 0.51 1.21 0.37 0.80 0.13 0.95 0.15 0.85 0.10

Mortality 0.83 0.40 2.02 1.76 0.12 0.05 0.21 0.10 0.15 0.05

Removals — — — — 0.71 0.13 0.27 0.19 0.57 0.11

Net change 0.55 0.60 -0.80 2.12 -0.03 0.19 0.48 0.26 0.13 0.15

Western Oregon timberland:

Growth — — 2.69 0.39 1.83 0.18 1.97 0.26 1.87 0.15

Mortality — — 0.33 0.12 0.21 0.03 0.27 0.07 0.23 0.03

Removals — — 1.60 0.95 2.19 0.36 1.26 0.36 1.92 0.28

Net change — — 0.76 1.10 -0.58 0.44 0.44 0.50 -0.28 0.35

Total:

Growth 1.38 0.51 2.53 0.36 1.54 0.13 1.65 0.19 1.57 0.11

Mortality 0.83 0.40 0.51 0.23 0.18 0.03 0.25 0.06 0.20 0.03

Removals — — 1.43 0.85 1.78 0.26 0.95 0.26 1.53 0.20

Net change 0.55 0.60 0.60 1.01 -0.42 0.32 0.45 0.35 -0.16 0.25

— = not available. SE = standard error.

a Ingrowth trees and trees 5 inches or greater at first measurement.
25

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Changes on state and local government timberland 

(1995–1998 to 2007–2010)—

On average, state- and local-government-owned timberland 

was the most productive timberland in Oregon’s forests 

(140.1 ft3

/ac/year; table 1). Although growth exceeded 

removals and mortality by 34.5 ft3/ac/year on average, the 

trend was not statistically significant. Although mortality 

rates were relatively high on state and local government 

land compared to private land (27.1 versus 10.1 ft3/ac/year), 

the sampling error associated with this estimate was also 

very high (12.2 ft3/ac/year). 

Changes on national forest timberland 

(1993–1997 to 1999–2007)—

Growth on timberland managed by the Forest Service 

averaged 66.9 ft3

/ac/year, which was less productive than 

either state and local or private timber holdings (fig. 34; 

tables 4 through 6). National forest timberland in western 

Oregon was more productive (108.8 ft3/ac/year) than in eastern Oregon (40.9 ft3

/ac/year). Mortality on national forest 

timberland (37.5 ft3/ac/year) was greater than on state and 

local timberland (27.1 ft3/ac/year) or private timberland (10.1 

ft3/ac/year). Removals on national forest timberland (5.8 ft3/

ac/year) were an order of magnitude lower than removals 

on state and local or private timberland, with a net result 

of large increases in wood volume on national forest lands. 

Geographic and land use patterns of change in biomass 

were similar to those of volume (table 6).

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

Other

Federal

State and 

local

Corporate Noncorporate

Other

federal

State 

and local

Noncorporate

Corporate

Annual volume change (ft3/acre/year) Annual volume change (ft3/acre/year)

Western Oregon

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

Eastern Oregon

Growth

Mortality

Removals

Net change

Figure 33—Average annual change in volume (cubic feet) of 

growth, mortality, and removals per acre per year on non-nationalforest timberland between 1995–1998 and 2007–2010 by ownership in Oregon (error bars represent sampling error).

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

All forest

land

Timberland

Reserved

forest land

Lowproductivity

forest land

All forest

land

Timberland

Reserved

forest land

Lowproductivity

forest land

Annual volume change (ft3/acre/year) Annual volume change (ft3/acre/year)

Western Oregon

Eastern Oregon

Growth

Mortality

Removals

Net change

Figure 34—Average annual change in volume (cubic feet) of growth, 

mortality, and removals per acre per year on national forest land 

between 1993–1997 and 1999–2007 by land status in Oregon (error 

bars represent sampling error).
26

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table 4—Average annual volume (cubic feet) of growth, removals, and mortality per acre per year on National 

Forest System land, Oregon, 1993–1997 and 1998–2007

Forest land Timberland Reserved forest land

Low-productivity 

forest land

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre per year

Eastern Oregon:

Growth 39.86 0.44 40.86 0.43 45.11 1.87 14.14 0.94

Mortality 29.73 1.54 25.35 1.04 62.16 8.76 7.63 1.52

Removals 4.46 0.42 5.48 0.53 0.24 0.14 1.49 0.56

Net change 5.66a 1.66 10.02a 1.23 -17.30a 9.09 5.01a 1.50

Western Oregon:

Growth 102.00 1.28 108.84 1.32 87.34 3.56 33.57 3.56

Mortality 58.57 2.53 57.11 2.71 68.37 6.87 24.12 5.70

Removals 4.83 1.10 6.36 1.45 0.03 0.03 0.86 0.55

Net change 38.60a 3.06 45.37a 3.40 18.95a 7.64 8.59 6.59

Total:

Growth 64.37 0.57 66.93 0.59 65.65 2.03 18.77 1.17

Mortality 41.11 1.37 37.53 1.22 65.18 5.61 11.56 1.82

Removals 4.61 0.50 5.82 0.65 0.14 0.07 1.34 0.44

Net change 18.66a 1.57 23.58a 1.51 0.33 5.97 5.86a 1.94

— = not available. SE = standard error.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95-percent significance level.

Table 5—Average annual volume (cubic feet) of growth, removals, and mortality per year on National Forest 

System land between 1993–1997 and 1998–2007

Forest land Timberland Reserved forest land

Low-productivity 

forest land

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Thousand cubic feet per year

Eastern Oregon:

Growth 344,187 4,267 278,943 3,432 57,795 2,962 7,449 661

Mortality 256,752 13,396 173,082 7,159 79,647 11,353 4,023 833

Removals 38,521 3,641 37,423 3,627 312 179 786 297

Net change 48,914a 14,350 68,438a 8,382 -22,164a 11,633 2,640a 805

Western Oregon:

Growth 573,894 7,614 462,432 6,489 105,930 5,274 5,531 814

Mortality 329,532 14,358 242,644 11,584 82,914 8,576 3,974 1,028

Removals 27,197 6,163 27,018 6,162 38 38 141 92

Net change 217,164a 17,241 192,770a 14,563 22,979a 9,315 1,416 1,094

Total:

Growth 918,081 8,414 741,375 7,214 163,726 5,875 12,981 1,048

Mortality 586,284 19,586 415,726 13,604 162,561 14,186 7,997 1,323

Removals 65,718 7,156 64,440 7,149 350 183 928 311

Net change 266,079a 22,418 261,208a 16,794 814 14,899 4,056a 1,358

— = not available. SE = standard error.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95-percent significance level.
27

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table 6—Average annual aboveground live biomass (tons) of growth, removals, and mortality per acre per 

year on National Forest System land between 1993–1997 and 1998–2007

Forest land Timberland Reserved forest land

Low-productivity 

forest land

Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Short tons per acre per year

Eastern Oregon:

Growth 0.73 0.01 0.76 0.01 0.80 0.03 0.28 0.02

Mortality 0.57 0.03 0.48 0.02 1.21 0.16 0.16 0.03

Removals 0.09 0.01 0.11 0.01 0.01 0 0.05 0.02

Net change 0.07a 0.03 0.16a 0.02 -0.42a 0.17 0.07a 0.03

Western Oregon:

Growth 1.99 0.02 2.13 0.03 1.67 0.07 0.71 0.07

Mortality 1.24 0.05 1.21 0.05 1.44 0.15 0.60 0.15

Removals 0.10 0.02 0.14 0.03 0 0 0.02 0.01

Net change 0.65a 0.06 0.79a 0.07 0.23 0.16 0.09 0.16

Total:

Growth 1.23 0.01 1.28 0.01 1.22 0.04 0.39 0.02

Mortality 0.83 0.03 0.76 0.02 1.32 0.11 0.26 0.04

Removals 0.10 0.01 0.12 0.01 0 0 0.04 0.02

Net change 0.30a 0.03 0.40a 0.03 -0.10 0.12 0.08a 0.05

— = not available. SE = standard error.

a Estimate is significant, different from zero at the 95-percent significance level.
28

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Changes on national forest reserved forest 

(1993–1997 to 1999–2007)—

Growth on reserved forests under Forest Service management averaged 87.3 ft3

/ac/year in western Oregon and 

45.1 ft3/ac/year in eastern Oregon (fig. 35). Reserved forest 

growth in both western and eastern Oregon (100.3 and 43.3 

ft3/ac/year, respectively) was similar to growth seen on 

private timberland. Mortality was greater than growth in 

Forest Service reserved forest in eastern Oregon, resulting 

in a significant decline in volume. Net volume change in 

Forest Service reserved forest in western Oregon was 19.0 

ft3

/ac/year, which was less than western Oregon state and 

local timberland (43.5 ft3/ac/year), but greater than private 

timberland (-15.5 ft3/ac year).

What Products Come From Oregon’s Forests?

Oregon’s timberlands— 

Timberland productivity provides an estimate of the 

economic value of wood products of an area of forest land. 

Productivity is measured by site class, an indicator of a 

forest’s potential annual growth that can be used to describe 

the capacity of timberland to produce wood. The majority 

of Oregon’s timberlands are considered to be of low (47 

percent; 12.4 million ac) to medium (41 percent; 10.8 

million ac) productivity, capable of producing 20 to 164 ft3

of volume per acre per year (fig. 36). Productivity is much 

greater in western compared to eastern Oregon (fig. 37). 

Highly productive timberland (>165 ft3/ac/year) is a relatively small component of Oregon’s forests (12 percent; 3.2 

million ac). Most of the timberland area for hardwood forest 

types is in the medium site productivity classes. Douglas-fir 

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

Forest

Service—

all forest

land

Forest

Service—

timberland

Corporate

timberland

Noncorporate

timberland

Forest

Service—

reserved

Forest

Service—

all forest

land

Forest

Service—

timberland

Corporate

timberland

Noncorporate

timberland

Forest

Service—

reserved

Annual volume change (ft3/acre/year) Annual volume change (ft3/acre/year)

Western Oregon

Eastern Oregon

Growth

Mortality

Removals

Net change

Figure 35—Combined average annual change in volume (cubic 

feet) of growth, mortality, and removals per acre per year on 

national forest land between 1993–1997 and 1999–2007 by land 

status compared to privately owned timberland between 1995–1998 

and 2007–2010 in Oregon (error bars represent sampling error). 

Although volume changes are on an annual per-acre basis, note that 

Forest Service estimates of change cover a different time frame than 

private timberland.

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Low 

(20–84)

Medium 

(85–164)

High 

(165+)

Timberland area (thousand acres)

Productivity class (ft3/acre/year) 

Softwood

Hardwood

Figure 36—Forested land area of softwoods and hardwoods separated into three general productivity classes, Oregon, 2001–2010.
29

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

and alder/maple forest groups tend to have more acreage 

in the higher productivity classes, whereas lodgepole pine, 

ponderosa pine, and western juniper have considerably 

lower productivity per acre (fig. 38). 

The majority (95 percent) of timberland managed by 

the Forest Service in Oregon is in low and medium site-productivity classes, with about 61 percent found on sites with 

20 to 84 ft3 of growth per acre per year (fig. 39). Private 

ownerships also are primarily found on medium-productivity sites (about 46 percent). State forests tend to have 

a greater proportion of timberland in the highest classes 

(nearly 35 percent). Together, these timberlands contribute 

to the state’s total timber harvest, which averaged 2.7 billion 

board feet annually from 2008 to 2010 (ODF 2011). Total 

sales value was about $1.5 billion in 2006, with sawlogs 

accounting for 77 percent of the total (Gale et al. 2012). 

Nontimber forest products— 

Nontimber forest products (NTFPs) are those forest products not traditionally included as timber-based products, 

but still of economic and ecological importance. The most 

important commercial products in the region are evergreen 

boughs, floral greens, moss, and edible fungi (Alexander et 

al. 2011). Many NTFPs are collected for subsistence or personal use. Other categories include edible berries, medicinal 

plants, and specialty wood products such as firewood, burls, 

stumps, posts, and poles.

Salal, used as a floral green, is one of the most commonly harvested NTFPs in the state. It is also one of the 

predominant shrub species, estimated to cover 800,000 ac 

of forested land in Oregon (fig. 40). Other common shrubs 

include vine maple (950,000 ac), Cascade barberry/dwarf 

Oregon grape (550,000 ac), and salmonberry (400,000 ac). 

These four common shrubs comprise 50 percent on NTFP 

shrub cover. Among herbs, western swordfern covers 1.5 

million ac, about 60 percent of all NTFP herb cover. 

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000

0–19

20–49

50–84

85–119

120–164

165–224

225+

Area (thousand acres)

Productivity class (ft3/acre/year)

Western Oregon

Eastern Oregon

Figure 37—Forested land area by productivity class in western and eastern Oregon 2001–2010.
30

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Douglas-fir Fir/spruce/

mountain

hemlock

Hemlock/

Sitka 

spruce

Lodgepole

pine

Ponderosa

pine

Western

juniper

Alder/

maple

Timberland area (percent)

Forest type group

High (165+) Medium (85–64) Low (20–84)

Figure 38—Distribution of timberland acres by forest group type and productivity class, Oregon, 2001–2010. Productivity classes are 

categorized by cubic foot volume growth per acre per year.
31

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Forest 

Service

Private

owners

Other 

federal

State 

and local

Acres (percent)

High (165+) Medium (85–64) Low (20–84)

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000

Beaked hazelnut

Oval-leaf blueberry

Big sagebrush

Pinemat manzanita

Thimbleberry

Cascara buckthorn

Greenleaf manzanita

Common beargrass

California huckleberry

Snowbrush ceanothus

Thinleaf huckleberry

California blackberry

Salmonberry

Cascade barberry

Salal

Estimated area of forest land coverage (acres) 

Figure 39—Percentage of timberland area in each productivity 

class by ownership group, Oregon, 

2001–2010. Productivity classes are 

categorized by cubic foot volume 

growth per acre per year.

Figure 40—Total shrub cover (acres) of forest land by selected species used in nontimber forest products, Oregon, 2001–2010.
32

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Where Is Understory Vegetation Found In 

Oregon Forests? 

Understory vegetation is an important structural component 

in all forest ecosystems. The life form and density of understory vegetation has an impact on wildlife habitat, wildfire 

behavior, and competition between native and non-native 

plants. FIA crews sample understory vegetation on each 

forested plot (fig. 41). Total cover was estimated for tree 

seedlings and saplings and for the most common shrubs, 

forbs, and grasses. 

Hardwood forests tended to have greater understory 

cover than softwood forests (fig. 42). Lodgepole pine and 

western larch forests tended to have greater cover of seedlings and saplings, at about 8 percent cover. The greatest 

cover of seedlings and saplings within hardwood forests 

was in tanoak/laurel forest types and averaged about 15-percent cover. The most shrub cover within hardwood forests is 

found within the moist forest types such as elm/ash/cottonwood and alder/maple. Each of these forest types tended to 

have an average shrub cover of about 50 percent, with total 

understory plant covers around 80 percent. Younger forests 

0 20 40 60 80 100

Woodland hardwoods

Western oak

Tanoak/laurel

Aspen/birch

Alder/maple

Elm/ash/cottonwood

Lodgepole pine

Pinyon/juniper

Ponderosa pine

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock

Hemlock/Sitka spruce

Douglas-fir

Cover of understory plants (percent)

Forest type group

Softwoods

Hardwoods

Figure 41—Bracken fern (Columbia River Gorge) is a common 

understory plant found throughout Oregon. 

Figure 42—Percentage cover of understory vegetation by softwood and hardwood forest type group, Oregon, 

2001–2010.

(0 to 39 years old) had relatively high understory vegetation 

cover (fig. 43). As forests get older and develop dense canopy cover, average cover for all understory vegetation types 

tends to decline; however, understory vegetation can thrive 

in canopy gaps opened up when large, old trees fall. 

USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region
33

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

How Have Disturbances and Stressors 

Shaped the Forests?

Which Invasive Species are Present In 

Oregon Forests?

Invasive, non-native plant species pose a threat to native 

forests throughout Oregon. The spread of non-native species 

to forested areas formerly occupied by native plants changes 

the composition, structure, and function in both natural and 

managed forests. Considerable effort is made to contain 

the undesirable effects of non-natives because they directly 

compete with native and planted species, including those 

desired for their ecological and economic benefits. Although 

most local effects from non-native species are relatively 

easy to quantify, statewide sampling and monitoring efforts 

such as the FIA inventory plots are useful for understanding 

the abundance and distribution of these species across all 

forested landscapes and ownerships. 

FIA records the most common species on each plot, 

and has also conducted intensive assessments of all species 

(including non-natives) on a subset of plots (Gray 2009). 

Because the definition of “invasive” is subjective, all 

readily identifiable species that were listed as non-native 

to the United States (USDA NRCS 2000) were selected for 

analysis (see Gray et al. [2011] for more detail on species 

analyzed and identification methods). Surveys indicate that 

69 percent of all forested plots had one or more non-native 

species present. Non-native cover varied by ecosection, with 

considerably higher cover in the Willamette Valley than in 

other ecosections (fig. 44). 

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Seedlings and saplings Shrubs Forbs Graminoids All understory plants

Cover (percent)

Understory vegetation type

0–19 years

20–39 years

40–79 years

80–159 years

160+ years

Figure 43—Percentage cover of understory vegetation life forms by forest age class on forest land, Oregon, 2001–2010.
34

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

The most common invasive species were cheatgrass 

(Bromus tectorum) in dry forests and Himalayan blackberry 

(Rubus armeniacus) in moist forests, together covering over 

350,000 acres of forested land (figs. 45 and 46). Most of the 

dominant invasive species are shade-intolerant, and tend 

to dominate young and small-diameter stands. However, 

the importance of shade-tolerant species like English ivy 

(Hedera spp.), English holly (Ilex aquifolium), and garlic 

mustard (Alliaria petiolata) appears to be increasing as they 

spread into intact forested lands.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Willamette Valley

Blue Mountain Foothills

Owyhee Uplands

Blue Mountains

Modoc Plateau

Coast Range

Western Cascades

Eastern Cascades

Northwestern Basin and Range

Klamath Mountains

Southern Cascades

Sum of cover by non-native species (percent)

Figure 44—Percentage cover of non-native understory vegetation by ecosection, Oregon, 2001–2010.

0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000

Cheatgrass

Himalayan blackberry

Thistles

Bristly dogstail grass

Medusahead

Scotch broom

Common velvetgrass

Orchardgrass

Cutleaf blackberry

Hairy cat's ear

Purple foxglove

Forest land cover by non-native species (acres)

Non-native species common name

Figure 45—Most frequently found non-native invasive species on forest land, Oregon, 2001–2010.
35

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

How Many Trees Show Signs of Damage in 

Oregon Forests?

Detecting damage to trees is a critical means to assess 

overall forest health in terms of resilience, diversity, function, and resource sustainability. Mortality of individuals 

or stands of trees resulting from damage inflicted by native 

insects, disease, or abiotic stressors such as weather events 

can ultimately promote growth, regeneration, and diversity 

in Oregon’s forests. FIA field crews assess live trees for 

presence and severity of damaging agents such as insects, 

disease, and dwarf mistletoe (fig. 47), as well as mapping 

root diseases when detected. The plot-based sampling 

design allows compilation of these data into overall estimation of acres affected at different severities, trees per acre, 

and the total volume affected by damage agents for specific 

tree species and across large geographic areas. 

Overall, about 28 percent of all trees were affected by 

one or more damaging agents. Damages from animals, bark 

beetles, cankers, insect defoliators, dwarf mistletoe, foliage 

diseases, stem decays, root disease, and weather-related 

injury were most common (fig. 48). More than half of all 

damaged trees showed physical defects or injuries. Stem 

decays affected about 15 percent of the tree volume; dwarf 

mistletoe and root diseases each affected about 12 percent 

of the tree volume. All other recorded damage agents 

individually contributed less than 4 percent of the affected 

tree volume. 

About 17 percent of the most commonly found conifer 

species in Oregon (Douglas-fir) had some form of damage, 

whereas lodgepole pine, the next most common conifer, had 

a 57-percent incident rate (fig. 49). For hardwood species, 

Pacific madrone had the highest incident rate (26 percent). 

Figure 46—Himalayan blackberry and Scotch broom are common weedy invasive understory plants in western Oregon.

Mark Gasser
36

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Physical

injury and

defects

Stem

decay

Dwarf

mistletoe

Root

disease

Cankers Bark 

beetles

Insect

defoliation

Animal

damage

Foliage

diseases

Weather

Area (thousand acres) or volume (million cubic feet)

Damaging agent group

Volume

Area

Figure 47—Ponderosa pine branch showing mistletoe infection. 

Figure 48—Area and volume of live trees affected by one more damage agents on forest land in Oregon, 2001–2010; volume is gross 

volume of live trees >5 inches diameter at breast height; area includes those with >25 percent of the basal area with damage. 

Sharon Stanton
37

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

How Does FIA Monitor Air Pollution 

in Oregon Forests?

Excess nitrogen (N) from motor vehicle exhaust, animal 

manure, and crop fertilizers is a key air quality issue 

in the Pacific Northwest. Most terrestrial and marine 

systems are naturally N-limited, making N a fundamental driver of ecosystem productivity. Excess N from 

anthropogenic sources can reshape forest structure and 

function (Pardo et al. 2011). For example, fast-growing 

understory species are disproportionately favored from 

increased N, leading to a buildup in fuels, which alters 

fire cycles. 

Lichens were first recognized as “health meters for the 

air” in 1866 by Finnish botanist William Nylander. Lichens 

are a composite organism—a fungus living in symbiosis 

with an alga or cyanobacterium (fig. 50). Their unique 

physiology makes lichens the “canaries in the coal mine” for 

monitoring changes in air quality owing to their high sensitivity to N deposition. Research using FIA data revealed 

that even small amounts of N (Fenn et al. 2010, Geiser 

et al. 2010) caused a replacement of native lichens with 

N-tolerant, “weedy” species. Today, large-scale monitoring 

programs commonly use lichen surveys as a budget-friendly 

supplement over instrumented air quality monitors.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Bigleaf maple

Red alder

Giant chinkapin

Tanoak

Oregon white oak

Canyon live oak

Pacific madrone

Incense cedar

Douglas-fir

Western redcedar

Western juniper

Western hemlock

Shasta red fir

White fir

Grand fir

Pacific silver fir

Ponderosa pine

Mountain hemlock

Subalpine fir

Lodgepole pine

Live trees with damage (percent) 

Softwood

Hardwood

Figure 49—Percentages of live trees with damage by species, softwoods and hardwoods, Oregon, 2001–2010.
38

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

The FIA Program and the Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region Air Resources Management (ARM) program 

monitored tree-dwelling lichens at a subset of on- and 

off-grid FIA sites nationwide during 1993–2007, amounting 

to more than 9,000 surveys and 115,000 observations of 450 

lichen species. This lichen research influences air-quality 

policy through quantification of critical loads—management guidelines that define how much N an ecosystem can 

tolerate before its most sensitive components are affected. 

Critical loads developed by FIA and ARM are used by the 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop secondary standards for N (U.S. EPA Integrated Science Assessment (ISA) for Oxides of Nitrogen and Sulfur Ecological 

Criteria) (USEPA 2008). The current goal of using data 

from lichen surveys is to define critical loads for all forested 

ecoregions of the United States. For more information, 

please see http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/sciencef/scifi131.pdf.

Based on lichen data collected by FIA, air quality 

indices were generated for each ecosection in the western 

Pacific Northwest. As a whole, the western Pacific Northwest and western Oregon had overall good scores on the air 

quality index, although there was considerable variability 

among ecosections. The Eastern Cascades, Western Cascades, and Klamath Mountains had excellent air quality, 

while the Willamette Valley and Southern Cascades had 

poor quality, and the Coast Range had intermediate quality. 

Where and When Has Recent Fire Occurred In 

Oregon Forests?

Wildland fire plays a significant role in shaping Oregon’s 

forests. To assess the occurrence of wildfires on forest land 

across the state, FIA crews identify evidence of recent fire 

and estimate the years that fires have occurred. By compilFigure 50— Example of lichen growth in Lake County, Oregon. Lichen communities change with more nitrogen (N) deposition, causing 

a loss of species important to wildlife and nutrient cycling. 

Jane Terzibashian
39

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

ing these observations for all visited plots, it is possible to 

determine the average forest area and percentage of forest 

land burned each year in Oregon (fig. 51). 

Between 1995 and 2009, the estimated average annual 

forested area that burned was about 147,000 ac across 

the state, or about 0.5 percent of its forested area (fig. 52). 

In 2002, the Biscuit Fire in the Siskiyou National Forest 

burned more than 400,000 ac, nearly eight times the average 

in the Southern Cascade Range region. The Biscuit Fire 

pushed the statewide total to more than 550,000 ac that year, 

almost 2 percent of forested lands and four times the statewide average. By region, there is high variability from year 

to year. Typically, eastern Oregon has more fires compared 

to the Southern Cascades and especially the Coast Range. 

In western Oregon, Jeffrey pine and tanoak forests burned 

much more frequently than other forest types, primarily 

Figure 51—Late summer and smoke from multiple wildfires can because of the Biscuit Fire (fig. 53). 

be seen burning in the forests of Klamath County, Oregon.

Sharon Stanton

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Area (acres)

Year

Statewide

Coast

Southern Oregon 

Cascade Range

Eastern Oregon

Figure 52—Area of forest burned by region on forested land in Oregon, 1995–2009.
40

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

California black oak

Red alder

Oregon white oak

California laurel

Pacific madrone

Bigleaf maple

Canyon live oak

Tanoak

Pacific silver fir

Western hemlock

Mountain hemlock

White fir

Red fir

Lodgepole pine

Western redcedar

Ponderosa pine

Douglas-fir

Noble fir

Sugar pine

Jeffrey pine

Live trees ≥ 5 inches d.b.h. (percent)

Live trees ≥ 5 inches d.b.h. (percent)

0 4 8 12 16

0 4 8 12 16

Oregon white oak

Mountain hemlock

Engelmann spruce/subalpine fir

Grand fir

Lodgepole pine

Engelmann spruce

Noble fir

Western juniper

White fir

Douglas-fir

Western larch

Ponderosa pine

Forest type

Forest type

Western Oregon

Eastern Oregon

Softwood

Hardwood

Softwood

Hardwood

Figure 53—Percentage of trees by species with fire damage in eastern and western Oregon, 2001–2010. d.b.h = diameter at breast height. 
41

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Common and Scientific Plant Names

Life form Common name Scientific name

Trees: Alder Alnus spp. 

Ash Fraxinus spp. 

Aspen, quaking aspen Populus tremuloides Michx.

Bigleaf maple Acer macrophyllum Pursh

Birch Betula spp. 

Bitter cherry Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook.) D. Dietr.

California black oak Quercus kelloggii Newberry 

Canyon live oak Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. 

Cottonwood Populus spp. 

Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco

Elm Ulmus spp. 

Engelmann spruce Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.

Giant chinkapin Chrysolepsis shrysophylla (Dougl. ex Hook.) Hjelmqvist

Grand fir Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.

Hemlock Tsuga spp. 

Incense cedar Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin

Jeffrey pine Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.

Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.

Maple Acer spp. 

Mountain hemlock Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr.

Oak Quercus spp. 

Oregon white oak Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.

Pacific madrone Arbutus menziesii Pursh

Pacific silver fir Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes

Ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson

Red alder Alnus rubra Bong.

Shasta red fir Abies magnifica A. Murr. var. shastensis Lemmon

Sitka spruce Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.

Spruce Picea spp. 

Subalpine fir Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.

Sugar pine Pinus lambertiana Dougl.

Tanoak Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook & Arn.) Rehd.

True fir species Abies spp. 

Western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.

Western juniper Juniperus occidentalis Hook.

Western larch Larix occidentalis Nutt.

Western redcedar Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don

White fir Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.
42

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Life form Common name Scientific name

Shrubs: Beaked hazelnut Corylus cornuta Marshall

Big sagebrush Artemisia tridentata Nutt.

Cascade barberry, dwarf 

Oregon grape

Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt.

California blackberry, 

trailing blackberry

Rubus ursinus Cham. and Schltdl.

California huckleberry Vaccinium ovatum Pursh

Cutleaf blackberry Rubus laciniatus Willd.

Dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium spp. 

English holly Ilex aquifolium L.

English ivy Hedera helix L.

Greanleaf manzanita Arctostaphylos patula Greene

Himalayan blackberry Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees

Kinnikinnick Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng.

Oval-leaf blueberry Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm.

Pinemat manzanita Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray

Salal Gaultheria shallon Pursh

Salmonberry Rubus spectabilis Pursh

Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link

Snowbrush ceanothus Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.

Thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus Nutt.

Thinleaf huckleberry Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr.

Vine maple Acer circinatum Pursh

Forbs: Brackenfern Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn

Bull thistle Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

Canada thistle Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.

Common beargrass Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt.

Garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata

Hairy cat’s ear Hypochaeris radicata L.

Purple foxglove Digitalis purpurea L.

Swordfern Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl

Thistles Cirsium spp. 

Graminoids: Bristly dogstail grass Cynosurus echinatus L.

Cheatgrass Bromus tectorum L.

Common velvetgrass Holcus lanatus L.

Medusahead Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski

Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata L.
43

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Acknowledgments

The authors thank all FIA crew members operating in 

Oregon during the 2001–2010 field seasons for their 

hard work, significant input to improved protocol, and 

persistent attention to data quality throughout 10 years of 

plot measurements (fig. 54). We also thank members of the 

Information Management team for compiling the Oregon 

raw plot measurements into meaningful, high-quality data 

that made this report possible. We give additional thanks 

to the analysts who helped design the inventory, quality 

assurance procedures, and compilation algorithms. Thanks 

are also due to the reviewers of this manuscript for their 

invaluable comments. 

Figure 54—FIA field crew preparing for a hike to a field plot. 

Gerad Dean
44

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Literature Cited 

Alexander, S.J.; Oswalt, S.N.; Emery, M.R. 2011.

Nontimber forest products in the United States: Montréal 

Process indicators as measures of current conditions and 

sustainability. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-851. Portland, 

OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 

Pacific Northwest Research Station. 36 p.

Blackard, J.; Finco, M.; Helmer, E.; Holden, G.; 

Hoppus, M.; Jacobs, D.; Lister, A.; Moisen, G.; 

Nelson, M.; Riemann, R.; Ruefenacht, B.; Salajanu,

D.; Weyermann, D.; Winterberger, K.; Brandeis, 

T.; Czaplewski, R.; McRoberts, R.; Patterson, P.; 

Tymcio, R. 2008. Mapping U.S. forest biomass using 

nationwide forest inventory data and moderate resolution 

information. Remote Sensing of Environment. 112(4): 

1658–1677.

Butler, B.J.; Hewes, J.H.; Dickinson, B.J.; Andrejczyk,

K.; Butler, S.M.; Markowski-Lindsay, M. 2016. USDA 

Forest Service National Woodland Owner Survey: 

national, regional, and state statistics for family forest 

and woodland ownerships with 10+ acres, 2011–2013. 

Resour. Bull. NRS-99. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. 

Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern 

Research Station. 39 p.

Donnegan, J.; Campbell, S.; Azuma, D. 2008. Oregon’s 

forest resources, 2001–2005: five-year forest inventory 

and analysis report. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-765. 

Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest 

Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 188 p. 

Fenn, M.E.; Allen, E.B.; Weiss, S.B.; Jovan, S.; Geiser, 

L.H.; Tonnesen, G.S.; Johnson, R.F.; Rao, L.E.; 

Gimeno, B.S.; Yuan, F.; Meixner, T.; Bytnerowicz, A. 

2010. Nitrogen critical loads and management alternatives 

for N-impacted ecosystems in California. Journal of 

Environmental Management. 91: (12): 2404–2423.

Gale, C.B.; Keegan, C.E., III; Berg, E.C.; Daniels, J.; 

Christensen, G.A.; Sorenson, C.B.; Morgan, T.A.; 

Polzin, P. 2012. Oregon’s forest products industry and 

timber harvest, 2008: industry trends and impacts of the 

Great Recession through 2010. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNWGTR-868. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 

Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 55 p.

Geiser, L.H.; Jovan, S.E.; Glavich, D.A.; Porter, M.K. 

2010. Lichen-based critical loads for atmospheric 

nitrogen deposition in western Oregon and Washington 

forests, USA. Environmental Pollution. 158: 2412–2421. 

Gesch, D.; Oimoen, M.; Greenlee, S.; Nelson, C.;

Steuck, M.; Tyler, D. 2002. The National Elevation 

Dataset. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote 

Sensing. 68: 5–11. 

Metric Equivalents

When you know: Multiply by: To find:

Inches (in) 2.54 Centimeters

Feet (ft) 0.3048 Meters

Miles (mi) 1.609 Kilometers

Acres (ac) 0.405 Hectares

Board feet 0.0024 Cubic meters

Square feet (ft2

) 0.0929 Square meters

Square feet per acre (ft2

/ac) 0.229 Square meters per hectare

Cubic feet (ft3

) 0.0283 Cubic meters

Cubic feet per acre (ft3

/ac) 0.06997 Cubic meters per hectare

Tons per acre 2.24 Megagrams per hectare
45

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Gray, A.N. 2009. Monitoring and assessment of regional 

impacts from exotic invasive plants in forests of the 

Pacific coast, USA. In: Kohli, R.K.; Jose, S.; Singh, H.P.; 

Batish, D.R., eds. Invasive plants and forest ecosystems. 

Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press: 217–235. 

Gray, A.N.; Barndt, K.; Reichard, S.H. 2011. Non-native 

invasive plants of Pacific coast forests: a field guide for 

identification. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-817. Portland, 

OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 

Pacific Northwest Research Station. 91 p. 

Gray, A.N.; Whittier, T.R. 2014. Carbon stocks and 

changes on Pacific Northwest national forests and the 

role of disturbance, management, and growth. Forest 

Ecology and Management. 328: 167–178.

Homer, C.; Dewitz, J.; Fry, J.; Coan, M.; Hossain, N.;

Larson, C.; Herold, N.; McKerrow, A.; VanDriel,

J.N.; Wickham, J. 2007. Completion of the 2001 

National Land Cover Database for the conterminous 

United States. Photogrammetric Engineering and 

Remote Sensing. 73: 337–341.

McNab, W.H.; Cleland, D.T.; Freeouf, J.A.; Keys, J.E.,

Jr.; Nowacki, G.J.; Carpenter, C.A., comps. 2005. 

Description of ecological subregions: sections of the 

conterminous United States. [CD-ROM]. Washington, 

DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 80 p.

Oregon Department of Forestry [ODF]. 2011. Timber 

harvest data 1942–2015. https://data.oregon.gov/NaturalResources/Timber-Harvest-Data-1942-2015/v7yh-3r7a. 

(26 May 2017).

Oregon Forest Resources Institute. 2016. Oregon forest 

facts and figures 2015–2016. Portland, OR. http://

oregonforests.org/sites/default/files/publications/pdf/

OFRI_FactsFigures_2015-16.pdf. (January 12, 2017).

Pardo, L.H.; Fenn, M.E.; Goodale, C.L.; Geiser, L.H.; 

Driscoll, C.T.; Allen, E.; Baron, J.S.; Bobbink, R.; 

Bowman, W.D.; Clark, C.M.; Emmett, B.; Gilliam, 

F.S.; Greaver, T.L.; Hall, S.J.; Lilleskov, E.A.; Liu, 

L.; Lynch, J.A.; Nadelhoffer, K.J.; Perakis, S.S.;

Robin-Abbott, M.J.; Stoddard, J.L.; Weathers, K.C.; 

Dennis, R.L. 2011. Effects of nitrogen deposition and 

empirical nitrogen critical loads for ecoregions of the 

United States. Ecological Applications. 21: 8: 3049–3082. 

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources

Conservation Service [USDA NRCS]. 2000. The 

PLANTS database. Baton Rouge, LA: National Plant 

Data Center. http://plants.usda.gov. [16 October 2017].

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA]. 2008. 

2008 Final report: integrated science assessment (ISA) 

for oxides of nitrogen and sulfur ecological criteria. 

EPA/600/R-08/082F. Washington, DC.
46

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Appendix 1: Summary Data Tables

The values presented here should not be directly compared 

to the previous report (Donnegan et al. 2008) or datasets to 

assess change in forest resources over the past 5 years; the 

data presented here are a continuation of the full 10-year 

cycle following publication of the first Oregon’s Forest 

Resources report. The first 10-year cycle is now complete 

for all forested plots measured from 2001 to 2010. The 

following tables contain basic information about the forest 

resources of Oregon as they relate to the discussions of current forest issues and basic resource information presented 

in this report. These tables aggregate data to a variety of 

levels, including county, ecosection, owner group, and 

forest type, allowing Pacific Northwest Research Station 

Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) inventory results to be 

applied at various scales and used for various analyses. Data 

are also available for download in nonsummarized form at 

http://www.fia.fs.fed.us. The national FIA website (http://

www.fia.fs.fed.us/tools-data/default.asp) contains a tool 

for querying the annual data from all states and generating 

custom tables or maps. Some of the tables in this appendix 

contain summaries of regional variables; data for regional 

variables are currently not included in the national FIA 

database (FIADB). Additional information on regional 

variables, field manuals, and local contact information is 

available at http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/rma/index.php. Only 

some of the 2001–2010 tables are included in print. An 

additional 89 summary data tables as well as detailed FIA 

methods and sampling design have been published as an 

online supplement to this report.

Please note that information in the tables presented and 

in those generated from the FIADB may differ. As new data 

are added each year to the FIADB, any tables generated 

from them will be based on the current full set of data in 

the FIADB (e.g., 2003–2012, 2004–2013, etc.), whereas 

tables in this publication contain data from only 2001–2010. 

The user can take a snapshot of data from the FIADB by 

selecting the desired years and generating tables that are 

similar, but probably not identical, to those presented here, 

owing to quality assurance updates. 

List of Tables:

Area— 

Table A1-1—Area of forest land, by county and land status, 

Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-2—Area of forest land, by county and ownership 

group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-3—Area of forest land, by ownership and land 

status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-4—Area of forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-5—Area of forest land, by forest type group and 

stand age class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Number of live trees—

Table A1-6—Number of live trees on forest land, by county 

and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-7—Number of live trees on forest land, by species 

group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-8—Number of dead trees on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-9—Number of growing-stock trees on timberland, 

by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010
47

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Tree volume—

Table A1-10—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-11—Net volume of dead trees on forest land, by 

ownership and land status, Oregon 2001–2010

Table A1-12—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-13—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and stand size class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-14—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

forest type group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-15—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-16—Average net volume per acre of live trees 

on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, 

Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-17—Average net cubic volume per acre of dead 

trees on forest land, by forest type group and stand size 

class, Oregon 2001–2010

Table A1-18—Net volume of growing-stock trees on timberland, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 

2001–2010

Table A1-19—Net volume of growing-stock trees on timberland, by species group and ownership group, Oregon, 

2001–2010

Biomass—

Table A1-20—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-21—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest 

land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-22—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-23—Aboveground biomass of dead trees on forest 

land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-24—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

live trees on forest land, by forest type group and ownership 

group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-25—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

dead trees on forest land by forest type group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-26—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

live trees on forest land, by forest type group and stand size 

class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-27—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

dead trees on forest land, by forest type group and stand 

size class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Carbon—

Table A1-28—Aboveground carbon mass of live trees on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-29—Aboveground carbon mass of dead trees on 

forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-30—Average aboveground carbon mass per hectare of live trees on forest land, by forest type group and 

ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-31—Average aboveground carbon mass per hectare of dead trees on forest land, by forest type group and 

ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Down wood—

Table A1-32—Volume of down wood on forest land, by 

forest type group and down wood diameter class, Oregon, 

2001–2010

Table A1-33—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, Oregon, 

2001–2010
48

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-34—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by 

county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-35—Average volume per acre of down wood on 

forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter 

class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-36—Average biomass per acre of down wood on 

forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land 

status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-37—Average biomass per acre of down wood 

on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 

2001–2010

Table A1-38—Average biomass per acre of down wood on 

forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Combined dead trees and dead wood (standing dead 

trees and down wood)—

Table A1-39—Average biomass per acre of all dead wood 

(dead trees and down wood) on forest land, by county and 

land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

National forest—

Table A1-40—Area of forest land, by national forest and 

land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-41—Net volume of live trees on forest land, by 

national forest and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-42—Aboveground biomass of live trees on forest 

land, by national forest and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Table A1-43—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by 

national forest and down wood diameter class, Oregon, 

2001–2010

Table A1-44—Average net volume per acre of live trees 

on forest land, by national forest and land status, Oregon, 

2001–2010

Table A1-45—Average aboveground biomass per acre of 

live trees on forest land, by national forest and land status, 

Oregon, 2001–2010

Timber products output and removals—

Table A1-46—Total roundwood output by product, species 

group, and source of material, Oregon, 2006

Table A1-47—Volume of timber removals by type of removal, source of material, species group, Oregon, 2006

Nontimber forest products—

Table A1-48—Estimated area of forest land covered by the 

most abundant vascular plant nontimber forest products, by 

plant group and species, Oregon, 2001–2010

Understory vegetation—

Table A1-49—Index of vascular plant species richness on 

forest land, by ecological section, Oregon, 2010

Table A1-50—Estimated area of forest land covered by 

selected non-native vascular plant species and number of 

sample plots, by life form and species, Oregon, 2001–2010

Evidence of fire—

Table A1-51—Forest land area on which evidence of fire 

was observed, by year and ecosection group, Oregon, 

1995–2009
49

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-1—Area of forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Western Oregon:

Benton 289.2 40.5 6.2 6.2 295.3 40.9 — — — — — — 295.3 40.9

Clackamas 708.8 56.7 — — 708.8 56.7 139.7 26.6 — — 139.7 26.6 848.5 58.3

Clatsop 441.1 48.6 2.0 1.8 443.1 48.8 2.2 2.3 — — 2.2 2.3 445.3 48.8

Columbia 324.7 41.5 8.0 6.3 332.7 42.1 — — 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 333.0 42.1

Coos 819.0 65.2 12.7 8.9 831.7 65.7 13.1 9.1 — — 13.1 9.1 844.8 66.2

Curry 761.0 61.6 22.9 11.3 783.9 61.9 147.2 28.5 35.2 14.3 182.4 31.5 966.3 66.8

Douglas 2,574.0 100.2 65.5 19.6 2,639.5 101.0 103.6 24.0 23.7 11.8 127.3 26.4 2,766.8 101.5

Hood River 200.5 33.5 7.2 5.9 207.6 34.1 62.9 18.6 5.9 5.7 68.8 19.5 276.4 38.1

Jackson 1,251.4 78.4 206.8 34.3 1,458.3 84.6 54.6 17.6 18.9 10.9 73.5 20.7 1,531.8 86.1

Josephine 828.2 65.9 56.5 17.4 884.7 67.9 37.0 14.1 5.9 5.9 42.9 15.2 927.6 69.1

Lane 2,220.8 84.4 47.2 15.2 2,267.9 84.7 213.1 32.8 5.5 5.7 218.7 33.1 2,486.6 83.8

Lincoln 554.8 53.4 6.6 5.1 561.4 53.8 11.6 8.3 — — 11.6 8.3 573.0 54.2

Linn 963.8 67.9 7.3 3.9 971.1 68.0 66.3 19.2 — — 66.3 19.2 1,037.4 69.6

Marion 281.4 39.2 15.1 8.9 296.6 40.1 74.7 20.4 1.7 1.7 76.4 20.7 372.9 44.2Multnomah 47.6 16.5 3.7 3.5 51.3 16.9 62.5 19.0 — — 62.5 19.0 113.8 25.1Polk 266.9 38.3 14.5 8.5 281.4 39.1 — — — — — — 281.4 39.1

Tillamook 600.8 50.6 — — 600.8 50.6 6.0 5.8 — — 6.0 5.8 606.8 50.8

Washington 236.0 36.4 — — 236.0 36.4 5.8 6.1 — — 5.8 6.1 241.7 36.8

Yamhill 215.4 34.8 8.3 6.3 223.7 35.2 4.2 4.4 — — 4.2 4.4 227.9 35.5

Total 13,585.2 120.2 490.6 50.8 14,075.9 113.6 1,004.7 69.3 96.9 23.7 1,101.6 72.5 15,177.5 90.0
50

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-1—Area of forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 646.0 57.4 89.0 22.8 735.0 61.9 31.7 13.1 5.5 5.7 37.2 14.3 772.2 63.2

Crook 413.7 47.5 593.4 57.5 1,007.1 74.3 23.3 11.7 — — 23.3 11.7 1,030.4 75.1

Deschutes 874.8 66.3 230.9 35.8 1,105.6 75.0 87.5 22.3 17.4 10.1 104.9 24.4 1,210.5 77.4

Gilliam — — 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.1 — — — — — — 6.0 6.1

Grant 1,538.8 81.6 171.4 30.9 1,710.2 86.5 174.8 31.2 15.0 9.0 189.8 32.3 1,900.0 88.6

Harney 474.4 49.8 451.7 49.7 926.2 70.2 — — 29.8 13.7 29.8 13.7 956.0 71.3

Jefferson 316.0 41.8 285.0 40.8 601.1 57.7 35.8 14.5 — — 35.8 14.5 636.9 59.4

Klamath 2,310.4 97.6 291.0 41.8 2,601.4 103.7 353.8 40.4 36.4 14.5 390.2 42.0 2,991.6 105.0

Lake 1,116.1 73.1 357.1 45.7 1,473.1 85.5 11.6 8.2 19.1 11.1 30.7 13.8 1,503.8 86.4

Malheur 13.6 9.5 116.4 26.2 130.1 27.9 — — — — — — 130.1 27.9Morrow 196.0 33.5 5.8 5.7 201.7 34.0 — — — — — — 201.7 34.0

Umatilla 594.1 55.1 12.3 8.4 606.3 55.6 13.8 8.0 — — 13.8 8.0 620.1 56.1

Union 689.2 59.8 10.6 7.7 699.8 60.2 62.1 18.1 6.6 6.3 68.8 19.1 768.5 62.7

Wallowa 575.9 54.8 7.0 6.3 583.0 55.2 375.5 43.7 13.9 8.7 389.5 44.4 972.4 68.8

Wasco 417.8 47.6 148.5 29.1 566.3 54.7 5.8 5.8 — — 5.8 5.8 572.1 55.0

Wheeler 321.5 42.4 207.1 34.7 528.5 54.6 5.8 5.8 — — 5.8 5.8 534.3 54.9

Total 10,498.2 131.2 2,983.2 117.7 13,481.3 153.9 1,181.6 75.0 143.8 29.1 1,325.4 79.3 14,806.7 138.8

All counties 24,083.4 172.3 3,473.8 128.1 27,557.2 184.6 2,186.3 102.1 240.8 37.5 2,427.0 107.3 29,984.2 156.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 ac was estimated.
51

Table A1-2—Area of forest land, by county and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010 Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Ownership group

National forest Other federal

State and local 

government Private Total

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Western Oregon:

Benton 30.2 13.3 67.5 19.7 21.5 9.9 176.1 31.5 295.3 40.9

Clackamas 526.4 41.3 22.5 10.8 12.0 8.8 287.5 39.2 848.5 58.3

Clatsop — — 2.2 2.3 109.6 25.3 333.5 42.4 445.3 48.8

Columbia — — 5.6 5.9 10.8 7.7 316.5 41.2 333.0 42.1

Coos 64.4 19.2 166.8 31.3 81.0 21.7 532.6 52.0 844.8 66.2

Curry 573.5 47.4 42.2 16.2 17.1 9.8 333.6 43.0 966.3 66.8

Douglas 925.7 56.0 640.6 51.6 68.5 20.1 1,132.1 68.0 2,766.8 101.5

Hood River 199.9 31.4 — — 24.8 12.7 51.7 17.6 276.4 38.1

Jackson 543.7 50.3 367.1 42.9 27.2 13.2 593.8 54.6 1,531.8 86.1

Josephine 372.0 42.6 311.9 40.2 42.3 16.3 201.4 32.6 927.6 69.1

Lane 1,326.1 53.7 253.6 29.9 44.7 16.2 862.2 57.4 2,486.6 83.8

Lincoln 203.2 32.1 13.1 9.2 34.9 14.0 321.8 40.3 573.0 54.2

Linn 430.8 44.5 89.0 22.6 20.9 11.5 496.7 47.9 1,037.4 69.6

Marion 189.1 30.5 8.7 7.1 28.8 13.0 146.3 28.4 372.9 44.2

Multnomah 66.7 19.1 4.9 5.2 13.0 8.8 29.1 12.9 113.8 25.1

Polk — — 45.9 16.4 13.3 9.3 222.1 34.4 281.4 39.1

Tillamook 91.3 22.3 22.7 11.6 324.2 33.9 168.7 31.0 606.8 50.8

Washington — — 7.6 7.0 93.1 23.1 141.1 28.0 241.7 36.8

Yamhill 21.5 11.0 50.7 17.3 10.5 7.6 145.2 27.8 227.9 35.5

Total 5,564.4 38.8 2,122.7 63.7 998.3 61.2 6,492.0 90.2 15,177.5 90.0

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 610.8 55.0 58.2 18.8 5.5 5.1 97.8 23.6 772.2 63.2

Crook 360.5 43.2 299.3 40.3 13.1 9.1 357.4 45.0 1,030.4 75.1

Deschutes 874.6 64.1 183.5 32.0 12.0 8.2 140.6 28.2 1,210.5 77.4

Gilliam — — — — — — 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.1

Grant 1,515.8 75.4 48.9 17.3 15.8 9.7 319.5 42.6 1,900.0 88.6

Harney 460.8 48.7 345.7 43.0 42.0 16.3 107.4 25.4 956.0 71.3

Jefferson 221.7 34.7 5.8 6.3 — — 409.4 47.5 636.9 59.4

Klamath 1,703.5 78.6 354.3 31.7 42.2 15.7 891.7 63.3 2,991.6 105.0

Lake 925.9 65.5 224.9 36.5 5.2 5.8 347.8 42.3 1,503.8 86.4

Malheur — — 82.9 22.3 15.9 9.7 31.3 13.7 130.1 27.9

Morrow 98.6 23.3 — — 7.0 6.7 96.1 24.0 201.7 34.0

Umatilla 343.2 42.4 6.9 6.1 13.6 8.4 256.4 35.5 620.1 56.1

Union 508.3 50.6 1.1 1.0 6.2 6.3 252.8 36.1 768.5 62.7

Wallowa 688.4 56.9 5.3 4.7 5.9 5.9 272.9 37.9 972.4 68.8

Wasco 165.1 30.4 13.6 8.9 22.6 12.1 370.7 43.5 572.1 55.0

Wheeler 138.1 27.1 62.7 20.0 — — 333.6 43.4 534.3 54.9

Total 8,615.3 70.8 1,693.0 79.6 207.1 35.1 4,291.3 96.6 14,806.7 138.8

All counties 14,179.7 77.3 3,815.7 99.6 1,205.4 70.5 10,783.4 129.8 29,984.2 156.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 ac was estimated.
52

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-3—Area of forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres USDA Forest Service: National forest 11,573.1 124.3 507.1 51.1 12,080.2 119.7 1,877.9 94.8 171.7 31.2 2,049.6 98.6 14,129.8 78.0 National grasslands — — 49.9 16.6 49.9 16.6 — — — — — — 49.9 16.6 Total 11,573.1 124.3 557.1 53.1 12,130.1 119.3 1,877.9 94.8 171.7 31.2 2,049.6 98.6 14,179.7 77.3 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 2,188.4 72.7 1,308.6 76.8 3,497.0 100.7 74.5 20.6 49.3 17.6 123.7 27.1 3,620.7 100.1

Departments of Defense or Energy 0.1 0.1 — — 0.1 0.1 — — — — — — 0.1 0.1

National Park Service — — — — — — 146.0 22.1 19.5 11.0 165.5 23.7 165.5 23.7

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 10.0 7.4 0.2 0.3 10.2 7.4 10.2 7.4

Other federal 13.2 8.5 — — 13.2 8.5 6.0 6.2 — — 6.0 6.2 19.2 10.5

Total 2,201.7 73.2 1,308.6 76.8 3,510.3 101.0 236.4 31.8 69.0 20.8 305.5 37.3 3,815.7 99.6

State and local government:

Local 134.7 28.1 28.6 12.6 163.3 31.2 17.8 10.6 — — 17.8 10.6 181.1 32.9

State 891.1 57.7 74.1 21.1 965.1 61.4 54.2 17.6 — — 54.2 17.6 1,019.3 62.7

Other public 5.0 5.1 — — 5.0 5.1 — — — — — — 5.0 5.1

Total 1,030.7 63.9 102.7 24.6 1,133.4 68.6 72.0 20.6 — — 72.0 20.6 1,205.4 70.5

Corporate private 5,751.3 133.4 232.8 35.9 5,984.1 135.4 — — — — — — 5,984.1 135.4

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

320.3 43.2 — — 320.3 43.2 — — — — — — 320.3 43.2

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

35.6 14.8 27.9 12.8 63.5 19.6 — — — — — — 63.5 19.6

Native American 386.7 44.2 88.4 23.2 475.1 48.7 — — — — — — 475.1 48.7

Individual 2,783.9 111.8 1,156.3 76.5 3,940.2 130.3 — — — — — — 3,940.2 130.3

Total 3,526.6 122.3 1,272.7 79.9 4,799.2 139.1 — — — — — — 4,799.2 139.1

All private 9,277.9 122.7 1,505.5 86.0 10,783.4 129.8 — — — — — — 10,783.4 129.8

All owners 24,083.4 172.3 3,473.8 128.1 27,557.2 184.6 2,186.3 102.1 240.8 37.5 2,427.0 107.3 29,984.2 156.7

— = not available. SE = standard error.
53

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-4—Area of forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Ownership group and land status

USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private corporate Private noncorporate

Timberland

Other forest 

land Timberland

Other forest 

land Timberland

Other forest 

land Timberland

Other forest 

land Timberland

Other forest 

land All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 3,618.3 104.1 568.9 54.1 1,528.9 67.7 58.2 18.3 631.5 53.3 28.4 13.2 3,012.5 108.1 6.7 5.2 1,395.0 83.4 5.6 6.0 10,854.1 167.7

Fir/spruce/

mountain hemlock 

1,965.8 96.6 894.7 68.4 70.4 20.0 103.3 21.4 21.8 11.4 5.8 6.1 406.9 48.8 — — 190.1 33.3 21.9 11.5 3,680.6 129.8

Hemlock/Sitka 

spruce 

303.9 38.1 78.9 20.8 59.6 18.0 6.0 6.2 56.3 17.8 18.1 10.1 319.5 41.9 — — 90.5 22.3 — — 932.7 68.8

Lodgepole pine 1,274.9 77.3 237.2 36.4 43.4 15.7 66.6 19.3 14.6 9.6 6.8 6.4 283.5 40.0 8.4 7.4 74.2 19.9 15.2 9.8 2,024.8 98.8

Ponderosa pine 3,225.5 109.2 149.2 28.5 172.5 30.4 16.9 9.0 48.4 16.7 — — 804.3 63.2 16.7 10.0 722.6 60.4 13.5 9.0 5,169.5 141.4

Western juniper 160.3 29.2 235.8 33.7 27.9 12.7 1,159.1 71.4 5.2 5.8 78.5 21.7 25.4 12.2 101.7 24.1 81.5 22.3 891.9 67.7 2,767.2 113.4

Western larch 104.1 22.8 56.9 18.1 — — — — — — — — 19.9 10.8 — — 16.1 10.2 — — 197.0 32.5

Other western 

softwoods 

27.0 11.3 39.7 15.0 — — 7.6 7.1 — — — — 4.6 5.1 — — 1.0 1.1 14.8 9.2 94.7 22.7

Total 10,679.8 130.4 2,261.4 102.6 1,902.7 73.7 1,417.7 77.4 777.8 57.8 137.5 28.7 4,876.6 129.6 133.5 27.5 2,570.9 108.1 962.9 70.6 25,720.7 189.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 158.8 25.7 8.2 6.0 42.5 14.8 2.2 2.3 171.8 29.4 7.4 6.4 368.2 43.0 7.8 5.6 385.3 43.9 8.6 5.2 1,160.9 72.2Aspen/birch 10.7 7.5 5.3 5.6 0.8 0.8 15.9 9.1 — — — — 6.8 6.6 — — 7.7 5.8 0.5 0.4 47.7 15.8

Elm/ash/

cottonwood 

— — 0.4 0.4 — — 0.2 0.3 — — 4.2 4.4 2.1 1.9 9.9 5.6 56.0 17.9 2.1 1.8 74.9 19.4

Tanoak/laurel 203.5 32.2 129.0 26.2 54.7 17.7 — — — — — — 119.4 25.6 — — 96.0 22.9 — — 602.4 55.3

Western oak 78.6 20.1 42.0 15.1 113.0 25.8 50.7 17.0 20.9 10.9 18.2 10.0 71.9 20.3 72.5 20.2 101.5 22.5 221.6 34.2 791.0 64.8

Woodland 

hardwoods 

20.9 9.8 31.7 12.8 6.5 6.5 42.5 16.5 — — — — 5.2 5.8 9.1 7.1 35.5 15.1 14.9 9.3 166.4 31.1

Other hardwoods 42.0 14.4 30.1 12.6 65.4 19.4 24.3 11.8 31.7 13.5 1.4 1.5 82.1 22.2 — — 118.0 25.7 35.9 14.9 430.9 48.6

Total 514.5 47.7 246.7 35.6 282.9 39.0 136.0 28.1 224.4 34.0 31.2 12.7 655.8 57.6 99.3 22.7 800.1 62.9 283.5 38.7 3,274.3 119.0

Nonstocked 378.8 44.1 98.6 23.1 16.2 8.4 60.4 18.9 28.6 12.5 6.0 6.1 219.0 33.8 — — 155.5 28.7 26.2 12.5 989.2 71.8

All forest types 11,573.1 124.3 2,606.7 109.3 2,201.7 73.2 1,614.0 82.9 1,030.7 63.9 174.7 32.1 5,751.3 133.4 232.8 35.9 3,526.6 122.3 1,272.7 79.9 29,984.2 156.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 ac was estimated.
54

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-5—Area of forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, Oregon, 2001–2010 Stand age class (years) 1–20 21–40 41–60 61–80 81–100 101–120 121–140 Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand acres Softwoods: Douglas-fir 1,990.7 96.2 2,367.6 106.3 1,536.7 88.3 935.5 70.7 1,192.7 78.7 576.6 55.9 412.8 46.8

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 

162.6 29.7 194.7 32.1 318.1 43.4 518.8 53.8 654.3 59.6 359.1 43.7 276.5 38.8

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 99.8 21.8 216.4 34.6 200.4 33.8 79.0 20.5 60.5 18.1 54.9 16.9 13.8 8.7

Lodgepole pine 373.2 43.8 330.7 42.2 378.7 46.3 416.1 47.6 351.4 43.6 116.9 25.7 27.7 12.5

Ponderosa pine 306.3 40.2 393.3 46.2 851.5 67.1 1,381.0 84.9 1,163.4 78.2 312.9 41.5 182.9 31.8

Western juniper 87.5 21.9 181.3 33.1 510.2 54.6 782.7 65.8 526.5 55.2 169.4 31.4 77.8 21.3

Western larch 45.3 15.9 17.2 9.4 13.7 9.3 8.4 6.3 42.6 14.7 23.8 11.2 11.4 8.2

Other western softwoods 8.1 5.8 12.2 8.2 8.7 6.5 8.1 6.2 18.9 10.0 18.8 10.5 7.6 7.1

Total 3,073.6 119.5 3,713.4 133.1 3,818.1 138.2 4,129.8 142.0 4,010.3 137.9 1,632.5 92.4 1,010.4 73.3

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 258.0 37.1 362.3 41.8 309.2 39.7 123.7 25.0 33.8 11.9 19.8 10.8 9.8 5.6

Aspen/birch 11.3 7.9 7.9 6.4 7.7 5.9 10.7 7.7 9.4 5.7 — — — —

Elm/ash/cottonwood 20.6 9.4 13.8 9.3 2.7 1.8 20.5 10.4 8.8 6.2 — — — —

Tanoak/laurel 202.5 33.0 88.5 22.2 123.6 26.7 53.2 17.0 70.5 19.3 11.3 8.0 12.8 8.8

Western oak 62.5 18.1 48.1 16.6 197.8 33.3 221.1 35.5 153.0 29.6 34.6 13.6 48.7 16.8

Woodland hardwoods 6.8 6.0 14.8 8.9 26.9 11.6 27.3 13.2 68.4 20.2 5.6 6.0 4.5 4.5

Other hardwoods 56.0 17.9 100.0 23.7 94.8 23.7 93.1 22.8 51.1 16.4 21.4 10.6 3.2 3.3

Total 617.8 56.8 635.5 56.5 762.6 62.8 549.5 54.6 394.9 46.0 92.8 22.6 79.0 20.6

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — — — — — — —All forest types 3,691.4 128.9 4,348.8 140.1 4,580.7 148.6 4,679.3 150.8 4,405.2 144.1 1,725.2 95.1 1,089.4 76.0

— = not available. SE = standard error.
55

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-5—Area of forest land, by forest type group and stand age class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Stand age class (years)

141–160 161–180 181–200 201 plus Unknown All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 380.4 45.0 176.6 31.0 254.8 37.3 1,022.0 70.3 7.7 6.5 10,854.1 167.7

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 274.5 39.2 180.1 32.3 276.7 39.9 465.2 50.5 — — 3,680.6 129.8

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 24.1 12.0 5.8 3.9 34.7 13.7 143.4 26.5 — — 932.7 68.8

Lodgepole pine 12.6 8.3 5.8 5.8 11.7 8.3 — — — — 2,024.8 98.8

Ponderosa pine 208.4 34.2 94.5 22.7 106.1 24.2 169.1 30.4 — — 5,169.5 141.4

Western juniper 89.0 23.1 45.3 16.5 102.6 25.3 185.0 33.1 9.9 7.6 2,767.2 113.4

Western larch 17.3 10.0 — — 5.9 5.9 11.3 8.2 — — 197.0 32.5

Other western softwoods — — 5.9 6.0 — — 6.4 6.3 — — 94.7 22.7

Total 1,006.2 73.5 514.0 53.3 792.6 66.3 2,002.4 98.1 17.6 10.0 25,720.7 189.8

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 12.2 7.1 17.0 9.8 3.4 2.4 11.6 7.8 — — 1,160.9 72.2

Aspen/birch — — — — 0.8 0.8 — — — — 47.7 15.8

Elm/ash/cottonwood 8.2 7.3 — — — — — — 0.4 0.5 74.9 19.4

Tanoak/laurel 4.4 4.4 6.3 6.1 — — 29.4 11.3 — — 602.4 55.3

Western oak 4.6 4.5 — — — — — — 20.5 9.5 791.0 64.8

Woodland hardwoods 5.3 5.6 — — — — — — 6.8 6.2 166.4 31.1

Other hardwoods — — 7.4 6.6 3.9 4.3 — — — — 430.9 48.6

Total 34.8 13.2 30.6 13.3 8.1 5.0 40.9 13.6 27.7 11.4 3,274.3 119.0

Nonstocked — — — — — — — — 989.2 71.8 989.2 71.8All forest types 1,041.0 74.6 544.7 54.9 800.7 66.5 2,043.3 98.9 1,034.5 73.3 29,984.2 156.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 ac was estimated.
56

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-6—Number of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Western Oregon:

Benton 60,048.8 10,905.3 5,890.2 5,876.4 65,939.0 12,352.4 — — — — — — 65,939.0 12,352.4

Clackamas 314,243.1 40,384.5 — — 314,243.1 40,384.5 49,283.4 11,624.9 — — 49,283.4 11,624.9 363,526.5 40,937.6

Clatsop 157,011.9 22,817.7 — — 157,011.9 22,817.7 112.3 113.3 — — 112.3 113.3 157,124.2 22,817.7

Columbia 101,654.2 21,791.3 273.1 271.6 101,927.3 21,803.0 — — 5.1 5.9 5.1 5.9 101,932.4 21,802.7

Coos 276,674.7 30,782.4 3,692.5 2,749.9 280,367.1 30,891.7 2,263.2 1,585.4 — — 2,263.2 1,585.4 282,630.3 30,914.1

Curry 454,094.2 55,998.9 7,915.7 6,832.7 462,009.9 56,194.7 64,169.6 23,989.4 1,128.7 1,021.0 65,298.4 23,995.9 527,308.3 60,360.8Douglas 938,941.0 53,550.9 38,366.7 14,599.5 977,307.7 55,115.0 48,135.8 13,336.9 12,368.7 6,947.5 60,504.5 14,869.9 1,037,812.2 56,173.5

Hood River 82,860.2 17,548.8 1,503.1 1,098.5 84,363.3 17,575.2 29,577.7 10,041.9 — — 29,577.7 10,041.9 113,941.0 19,806.4Jackson 512,850.5 44,288.7 49,812.6 12,952.3 562,663.1 45,890.7 14,855.7 5,420.5 10,360.9 6,090.5 25,216.6 8,152.6 587,879.7 46,387.2Josephine 489,198.7 52,961.0 19,147.1 10,581.1 508,345.7 53,939.4 10,463.9 6,173.3 142.2 142.6 10,606.1 6,174.0 518,951.8 54,226.3

Lane 667,243.4 39,399.1 17,475.6 8,868.1 684,719.0 40,030.4 79,597.4 15,833.9 7,121.1 7,372.0 86,718.5 17,301.1 771,437.4 41,704.3Lincoln 157,393.7 20,398.3 169.5 156.4 157,563.2 20,403.3 1,675.3 1,450.2 — — 1,675.3 1,450.2 159,238.4 20,442.3

Linn 313,906.2 33,286.4 1,234.1 880.1 315,140.3 33,291.8 20,409.1 8,604.2 — — 20,409.1 8,604.2 335,549.5 34,132.9

Marion 72,903.4 12,661.0 4,804.0 3,927.9 77,707.4 13,250.5 39,660.9 14,857.4 175.9 177.0 39,836.8 14,881.1 117,544.2 19,501.3

Multnomah 12,028.4 5,099.7 44.0 41.6 12,072.4 5,099.9 23,282.0 9,108.4 — — 23,282.0 9,108.4 35,354.4 10,400.0

Polk 71,843.4 14,571.5 6,864.8 4,044.2 78,708.2 15,058.9 — — — — — — 78,708.2 15,058.9

Tillamook 134,758.0 15,364.3 — — 134,758.0 15,364.3 204.7 212.5 — — 204.7 212.5 134,962.6 15,365.1Washington 47,764.2 8,929.9 — — 47,764.2 8,929.9 1,332.7 1,400.8 — — 1,332.7 1,400.8 49,096.9 9,029.4

Yamhill 55,112.4 12,334.8 1,026.8 982.6 56,139.2 12,355.7 343.5 357.9 — — 343.5 357.9 56,482.6 12,360.9

Total 4,920,530.4 111,067.0 158,219.5 26,268.0 5,078,749.9 111,554.6 385,367.2 39,893.9 31,302.6 11,865.2 416,669.9 41,428.6 5,495,419.7 112,640.9
57

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-6—Number of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 191,342.1 28,722.0 13,315.4 8,810.1 204,657.5 30,007.7 4,595.2 3,535.9 — — 4,595.2 3,535.9 209,252.7 30,176.8

Crook 95,858.6 17,372.6 47,564.2 7,376.0 143,422.8 18,922.7 2,616.0 1,869.4 — — 2,616.0 1,869.4 146,038.8 19,002.3

Deschutes 349,701.0 42,278.4 21,322.2 7,458.1 371,023.1 42,804.9 47,946.0 14,487.1 17,073.8 12,951.1 65,019.8 19,344.1 436,043.0 46,242.4

Grant 434,907.9 41,274.6 18,980.6 5,394.1 453,888.5 41,512.2 81,107.2 24,212.7 8,914.8 5,714.1 90,022.0 24,825.6 543,910.4 47,246.0

Harney 105,840.9 15,615.3 47,687.5 10,592.6 153,528.4 18,883.4 — — 2,815.1 2,083.0 2,815.1 2,083.0 156,343.5 18,986.0

Jefferson 64,749.8 13,073.9 31,220.0 8,675.6 95,969.8 15,512.5 11,137.7 5,641.1 — — 11,137.7 5,641.1 107,107.5 16,491.4Klamath 913,145.0 68,090.5 103,254.4 32,982.9 1,016,399.4 74,585.8 218,897.0 32,295.6 14,122.8 6,397.9 233,019.8 32,796.2 1,249,419.2 79,849.3

Lake 365,106.0 37,856.7 32,558.2 9,187.6 397,664.3 38,835.0 10,000.6 7,729.8 4,222.8 2,795.6 14,223.4 8,219.8 411,887.7 39,570.1Malheur 356.0 295.9 7,330.2 2,646.6 7,686.3 2,663.0 — — — — — — 7,686.3 2,663.0

Morrow 46,224.9 9,972.4 938.7 965.7 47,163.7 10,012.8 — — — — — — 47,163.7 10,012.8

Umatilla 211,506.5 41,004.3 5,914.4 4,558.5 217,420.9 41,244.5 11,047.5 7,592.2 — — 11,047.5 7,592.2 228,468.4 41,921.6

Union 288,425.0 44,267.8 1,070.4 782.1 289,495.4 44,269.2 29,593.3 10,824.6 1,610.8 1,532.8 31,204.1 10,932.6 320,699.5 45,402.1

Wallowa 152,456.5 21,653.7 19.9 19.0 152,476.4 21,653.6 110,013.5 21,247.9 17,546.9 11,901.2 127,560.4 24,265.2 280,036.8 32,203.2Wasco 136,040.9 22,918.8 43,523.1 11,371.5 179,564.1 25,240.9 4,342.1 4,364.7 — — 4,342.1 4,364.7 183,906.2 25,606.6

Wheeler 67,227.9 14,323.2 21,681.0 5,677.6 88,908.9 15,438.5 244.1 245.3 — — 244.1 245.3 89,152.9 15,440.3

Total 3,422,889.2 111,137.0 396,380.3 41,571.5 3,819,269.4 115,819.8 531,540.2 50,071.9 66,307.0 19,897.3 597,847.2 53,509.2 4,417,116.6 120,952.4

All counties 8,343,419.5 156,371.9 554,599.8 49,164.2 8,898,019.3 159,990.7 916,907.4 64,017.3 97,609.6 23,163.4 1,014,517.1 67,666.9 9,912,536.4 164,406.9Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
58

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-7—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 1.0–2.9 3.0–4.9 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 720,226.5 36,346.1 351,452.3 18,836.5 297,615.4 9,840.5 255,328.1 8,337.8 201,942.1 6,383.9 147,961.2 4,804.1

Engelmann and other spruces 30,466.1 5,534.1 9,162.7 2,590.8 5,926.1 801.4 3,735.6 608.2 3,289.6 569.0 2,851.8 445.2

Incense cedar 68,559.6 9,067.4 28,320.6 4,928.5 14,052.3 1,366.5 7,675.1 879.4 5,833.2 701.4 3,607.4 478.8

Lodgepole pine 875,946.3 75,659.8 245,196.1 19,282.5 144,077.9 8,771.1 85,745.5 4,907.9 47,836.7 2,757.9 23,096.1 1,568.5

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 333,203.4 22,474.3 204,031.8 14,675.4 122,959.4 5,868.5 88,658.8 3,616.7 72,247.1 2,916.5 49,491.9 2,156.5

Sitka spruce 7,783.0 2,341.5 4,147.4 1,841.2 3,543.0 582.4 2,973.0 639.7 2,581.6 652.6 2,437.2 560.2Sugar pine 10,606.3 2,652.3 2,714.2 1,391.6 1,857.1 460.6 1,552.1 332.7 992.5 269.9 477.9 164.9

True fir 725,241.3 42,510.0 282,841.1 17,822.3 160,018.0 6,770.2 103,577.8 4,340.4 69,409.1 2,974.4 50,918.7 2,294.1Western hemlock 288,919.5 29,834.8 109,233.8 10,092.1 65,466.4 3,695.9 48,628.8 2,768.7 34,846.4 2,176.5 28,100.0 1,853.8

Western juniper 68,231.3 7,460.8 50,747.2 6,464.4 36,608.3 2,226.0 28,077.3 1,718.8 19,557.0 1,344.2 12,519.7 897.5

Western larch 32,622.4 8,885.2 12,978.4 2,936.0 4,620.2 845.5 4,522.6 666.5 3,841.4 541.8 3,245.8 429.4

Western redcedar 64,581.0 8,676.9 22,781.2 4,180.8 12,505.8 1,278.1 7,834.1 836.7 5,180.6 616.8 4,644.7 571.5Other western softwoods 191,562.4 20,729.1 80,440.7 9,759.4 50,083.1 3,886.1 31,724.5 2,561.1 21,837.1 1,890.5 16,874.8 1,523.6

Total 3,417,949.1 107,773.7 1,404,047.5 40,370.6 919,333.0 16,868.3 670,033.2 11,801.0 489,394.3 8,573.3 346,227.1 6,314.7

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 12,243.9 4,424.3 6,736.6 3,496.3 1,707.2 576.8 839.1 423.8 777.3 299.5 480.2 223.6Oak 121,386.4 18,434.4 81,674.0 11,352.3 47,663.4 4,408.8 22,623.0 1,994.0 10,233.8 1,139.2 5,270.5 605.1

Red alder 109,105.9 14,300.3 56,330.0 7,388.8 45,670.4 3,520.1 35,303.6 2,585.6 26,937.5 1,920.8 19,745.9 1,539.3

Woodland hardwoods 77,919.2 28,193.2 20,859.3 5,037.9 10,733.2 1,498.9 8,435.4 1,102.0 4,147.3 697.3 2,452.4 479.9

Other western hardwoods 520,787.0 45,139.1 200,591.5 16,551.1 116,087.3 5,794.4 72,469.4 4,057.6 41,944.2 2,603.4 22,882.4 1,657.7

Total 841,442.5 58,644.1 366,191.3 22,458.5 221,861.6 8,287.1 139,670.5 5,339.8 84,040.1 3,497.1 50,831.4 2,390.8

All species groups 4,259,391.6 122,952.7 1,770,238.8 46,094.6 1,141,194.5 18,890.2 809,703.8 12,839.5 573,434.4 9,097.5 397,058.6 6,622.7
59

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-7—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) 

Diameter class (inches)

13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 105,602.6 3,433.9 79,574.2 2,667.5 56,791.9 2,113.5 42,262.6 1,647.9 29,749.1 1,340.7 22,137.3 1,140.8

Engelmann and other spruces 1,971.0 357.2 1,937.0 358.7 1,129.5 211.2 731.9 181.2 890.8 237.7 438.5 132.7

Incense cedar 3,369.1 483.4 1,659.2 314.9 1,129.9 231.1 1,111.2 226.1 756.5 174.6 350.8 122.8

Lodgepole pine 10,523.0 914.0 4,561.1 524.3 2,487.7 356.7 895.4 203.2 560.4 150.8 158.7 63.7Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 39,379.6 1,855.7 24,109.7 1,226.4 16,141.9 944.0 11,150.0 742.1 7,511.1 596.1 6,109.9 434.1

Sitka spruce 2,097.5 444.7 1,646.4 413.8 1,690.0 431.8 793.6 227.7 1,243.2 298.1 657.9 202.2

Sugar pine 425.8 124.1 615.7 209.2 343.4 112.3 391.8 129.8 89.8 58.0 433.6 124.3

True fir 34,177.1 1,624.5 23,269.7 1,231.4 18,315.9 1,070.4 12,426.2 846.3 9,133.8 715.2 6,676.9 520.6

Western hemlock 20,947.2 1,459.2 16,289.8 1,198.5 10,293.1 844.5 7,315.9 630.0 5,329.6 525.1 4,108.2 441.9

Western juniper 8,314.3 664.9 5,742.1 550.2 4,121.1 455.4 2,400.0 327.6 1,263.3 228.4 1,220.6 202.5

Western larch 2,193.4 375.3 2,292.9 323.7 1,482.2 280.9 1,322.1 264.0 570.0 158.0 543.9 135.4

Western redcedar 3,079.5 442.5 2,565.4 355.0 1,972.3 296.5 1,438.7 299.0 1,178.1 225.4 1,023.8 214.3

Other western softwoods 11,168.6 1,071.1 8,912.6 994.2 6,964.6 783.1 5,470.5 664.4 3,451.5 451.7 2,964.3 406.5

Total 243,248.6 4,656.3 173,175.8 3,634.8 122,863.6 2,901.4 87,709.9 2,274.1 61,727.2 1,846.9 46,824.5 1,498.3

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 333.2 145.0 198.5 104.8 197.0 85.9 183.1 83.7 107.7 62.8 52.1 39.1

Oak 3,220.0 439.8 2,508.2 379.6 1,296.0 318.3 952.7 205.8 775.0 231.2 142.1 72.8Red alder 13,536.6 1,138.0 8,018.6 765.2 3,915.5 460.0 3,072.4 417.3 880.1 190.1 959.5 240.7

Woodland hardwoods 1,232.5 290.7 778.4 203.8 336.3 126.3 103.8 62.8 143.7 73.2 33.9 35.9

Other western hardwoods 13,766.0 979.4 8,226.3 802.5 5,036.8 546.7 2,006.2 304.0 2,490.6 359.8 1,006.0 207.3

Total 32,088.4 1,615.1 19,730.1 1,204.5 10,781.7 798.3 6,318.1 567.7 4,397.1 484.0 2,193.7 336.7

All species groups 275,337.0 4,881.8 192,905.9 3,777.8 133,645.2 3,015.3 94,028.1 2,356.8 66,124.3 1,901.3 49,018.1 1,529.5
60

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-7—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Douglas-fir 17,682.3 942.6 12,440.9 798.0 9,876.0 551.6 7,543.9 358.2 6,636.1 310.6 5,592.1 276.9

Engelmann and other spruces 208.2 42.2 116.4 28.5 109.0 31.4 85.1 27.8 64.5 21.2 51.5 24.3

Incense cedar 308.0 103.0 544.0 147.0 202.9 76.0 201.8 36.5 172.6 34.9 133.5 30.7

Lodgepole pine 43.9 20.1 24.0 12.0 32.8 16.4 5.8 5.8 — — 6.6 6.3

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 3,965.1 219.6 3,470.7 210.6 2,700.4 165.9 1,958.7 138.1 1,504.5 111.0 925.1 85.9

Sitka spruce 531.0 221.2 425.1 149.0 215.8 83.8 147.3 36.1 130.4 35.7 61.3 21.2

Sugar pine 241.0 85.1 237.3 92.3 207.6 73.2 123.6 36.2 133.9 31.2 122.7 29.4

True fir 4,437.7 369.8 3,357.4 317.1 2,739.8 251.8 1,679.9 142.2 1,249.0 117.8 937.5 105.2

Western hemlock 2,966.3 335.0 1,998.8 288.1 1,235.0 181.2 892.4 97.7 600.3 89.8 389.9 56.0

Western juniper 611.3 77.4 453.9 61.9 314.2 48.8 207.3 42.6 181.2 38.0 93.1 27.1

Western larch 282.8 54.9 167.6 32.9 146.2 33.5 124.3 34.7 45.7 21.7 39.4 17.2

Western redcedar 1,164.9 249.1 694.4 171.0 541.4 112.1 471.0 77.3 356.3 64.7 273.9 54.2

Other western softwoods 1,466.8 212.9 1,155.7 192.0 912.5 157.8 445.9 65.5 344.1 57.5 188.2 45.5

Total 33,909.3 1,154.9 25,086.4 993.8 19,233.7 716.5 13,886.9 445.0 11,418.6 378.8 8,815.1 331.1

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 8.2 7.3 127.0 67.5 43.3 40.8 28.6 16.3 32.9 17.7 — —

Oak 508.2 158.9 85.0 57.6 96.3 54.1 69.7 21.0 13.1 9.1 12.6 9.0

Red alder 642.2 161.0 193.9 85.1 149.0 68.2 29.8 13.3 25.3 12.7 18.8 10.9

Woodland hardwoods — — — — — — — — — — — —

Other western hardwoods 879.6 199.0 637.6 155.3 292.6 92.3 234.0 45.5 54.9 20.5 127.3 28.3

Total 2,038.2 304.2 1,043.5 197.3 581.2 133.3 362.1 56.5 126.1 31.1 158.7 31.6

All species groups 35,947.5 1,194.6 26,129.8 1,011.8 19,814.9 727.4 14,249.0 448.7 11,544.7 380.8 8,973.8 332.7
61

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-7—Number of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 4,703.5 239.2 3,586.3 193.8 3,036.0 182.9 2,558.9 158.5 2,008.8 139.9 1,967.8 136.1 6,717.3 406.6 2,394,993.3 57,369.1

Engelmann and other spruces 36.6 17.3 11.6 8.4 11.9 8.3 — — — — 5.9 5.9 — — 63,231.2 7,958.6

Incense cedar 135.0 32.3 112.6 26.0 111.6 27.5 79.2 22.0 76.9 23.9 47.7 16.7 233.1 55.3 138,783.9 13,766.3

Lodgepole pine 5.8 5.8 — — — — — — — — — — 11.7 8.3 1,441,215.6 94,304.9

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 583.1 64.9 378.6 50.2 236.1 41.4 113.9 26.2 88.1 24.2 35.3 14.4 102.2 32.2 991,056.5 39,923.4Sitka spruce 75.2 25.3 62.7 21.9 86.0 29.5 70.3 26.9 45.3 16.8 45.4 24.9 159.6 76.2 33,649.3 4,858.7

Sugar pine 80.4 22.0 86.2 25.5 84.1 25.9 63.9 19.7 53.9 17.9 88.0 24.5 195.9 41.1 22,218.4 3,620.6

True fir 674.1 83.7 499.4 68.8 291.7 49.6 253.3 44.0 143.8 33.4 94.3 23.6 189.4 40.7 1,512,552.9 64,573.6

Western hemlock 307.5 54.1 174.6 32.3 191.8 38.4 141.3 31.3 90.7 31.0 74.4 22.7 126.5 28.3 648,668.1 39,921.6

Western juniper 49.4 17.5 12.9 8.9 5.9 6.3 11.4 8.2 18.8 10.8 6.1 6.2 5.3 5.6 240,773.0 14,732.3

Western larch 11.2 8.1 17.4 10.1 — — — — — — 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 71,081.8 10,650.4

Western redcedar 284.2 47.7 190.3 36.6 208.5 41.7 111.5 33.9 117.5 26.5 60.6 22.7 302.1 61.1 133,561.6 12,658.4

Other western softwoods 157.8 37.8 102.7 31.8 50.7 20.3 24.1 14.6 19.6 13.7 55.6 28.6 108.7 38.0 436,487.2 34,785.0

Total 7,103.7 284.8 5,235.1 226.5 4,314.3 215.4 3,427.7 182.2 2,663.4 158.8 2,486.9 149.8 8,157.9 447.4 8,128,272.8 145,656.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 5.8 6.0 16.5 13.3 11.9 8.8 12.2 12.7 12.2 12.7 — — 7.3 6.9 24,161.6 7,735.9

Oak 18.3 10.8 14.6 9.7 7.2 6.8 — — — — — — 12.1 8.6 298,582.1 27,918.4

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — 19.8 11.3 324,555.0 21,272.1

Woodland hardwoods — — — — — — — — — — 5.5 5.7 — — 127,181.1 30,358.6

Other western hardwoods 84.7 24.5 50.0 19.4 67.6 22.2 20.3 11.4 27.2 13.1 — — 14.1 9.5 1,009,783.8 60,847.4

Total 108.7 27.4 81.1 25.5 86.6 24.8 32.5 17.1 39.5 18.3 5.5 5.7 53.3 18.4 1,784,263.6 77,346.4

All species groups 7,212.4 286.3 5,316.2 227.9 4,400.9 216.6 3,460.2 183.0 2,702.9 159.7 2,492.4 149.9 8,211.2 447.8 9,912,536.4 164,406.9

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥1 inch in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
62

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-8—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 54,428.8 2,570.1 36,082.1 1,833.3 22,705.4 1,322.3 13,703.3 843.3 10,029.8 688.1 7,702.3 594.9 6,336.3 522.3 5,521.4 477.4

Engelmann and other spruces 1,511.5 359.7 848.8 323.2 650.8 207.5 343.7 121.4 380.6 125.6 310.5 104.5 103.9 60.5 208.4 85.9

Incense cedar 1,891.6 524.1 693.4 193.0 781.1 208.5 364.0 116.0 118.9 66.0 73.2 51.6 169.6 93.3 203.0 121.6

Lodgepole pine 25,881.6 2,131.7 17,231.8 1,465.2 12,307.6 1,192.3 6,211.5 864.9 3,238.1 465.9 1,261.1 271.8 483.1 139.7 148.5 73.6

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 11,838.5 1,203.7 6,490.9 655.7 4,014.8 518.5 3,172.0 478.4 2,036.3 299.2 1,489.7 273.1 986.4 186.6 711.8 167.0Sitka spruce 1,456.6 437.1 735.9 200.3 818.9 369.9 343.3 146.9 280.7 134.1 117.8 67.5 — — 76.8 52.3

Sugar pine 373.5 125.8 466.1 171.7 299.0 104.8 89.7 57.9 142.5 87.2 142.2 71.0 198.7 100.0 160.8 76.8

True fir 33,861.2 2,620.8 22,379.8 1,688.5 15,160.5 1,122.5 11,350.1 844.0 8,352.7 727.0 5,460.7 553.5 4,560.7 458.2 2,842.7 355.2

Western hemlock 9,649.1 1,445.9 5,220.1 762.0 3,359.6 434.0 1,928.7 294.8 847.7 176.3 924.0 208.0 745.3 165.1 643.3 160.2

Western juniper 1,635.5 268.9 1,408.0 272.5 787.8 180.9 421.7 126.5 520.1 148.7 314.7 121.4 140.6 72.5 115.1 67.0

Western larch 1,651.3 301.9 1,826.4 402.6 1,326.3 292.4 1,055.6 245.2 493.1 132.8 602.0 161.7 558.4 147.8 209.4 85.7

Western redcedar 717.7 183.2 555.5 141.7 333.2 108.0 167.5 77.9 138.9 87.5 177.0 79.9 100.3 60.3 193.5 83.5

Other western softwoods 10,827.5 1,149.4 7,599.7 888.1 5,687.6 726.3 4,333.2 539.8 3,474.0 467.1 2,627.5 427.0 1,927.4 323.8 1,755.4 301.3

Total 155,724.3 5,179.1 101,538.5 3,374.3 68,232.5 2,476.4 43,484.4 1,720.5 30,053.4 1,305.2 21,202.8 1,052.0 16,310.5 857.0 12,790.1 737.1

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 663.7 227.9 220.2 129.6 180.7 98.8 182.0 95.5 35.7 35.5 35.7 35.5 — — — —

Oak 5,612.7 899.0 2,176.5 517.6 1,286.5 315.7 818.3 221.1 155.5 77.5 191.5 98.6 217.2 91.4 129.0 70.7

Red alder 6,258.3 763.5 4,356.9 545.2 2,111.4 337.2 1,508.7 286.1 776.2 193.3 629.5 178.5 260.2 109.2 236.9 92.7

Woodland hardwoods 2,680.1 443.7 2,019.4 387.2 960.9 229.0 697.2 173.8 204.8 99.2 155.8 94.2 — — — —

Other western hardwoods 22,906.4 2,439.4 10,292.1 1,254.3 4,803.4 693.5 2,669.8 419.6 1,136.4 269.6 744.6 172.4 367.2 118.3 217.0 115.6

Total 38,121.3 2,924.5 19,065.1 1,539.6 9,342.9 887.0 5,876.0 603.9 2,308.6 355.8 1,757.2 293.4 844.5 184.9 583.0 163.9

All species groups 193,845.6 6,024.1 120,603.6 3,708.9 77,575.4 2,604.6 49,360.4 1,811.9 32,362.0 1,352.4 22,960.0 1,089.9 17,155.0 876.7 13,373.1 756.6
63

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-8—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 4,088.5 408.1 3,211.6 339.9 3,269.6 344.1 2,640.0 305.3 2,261.7 248.2 1,591.7 113.6 1,517.8 112.2 1,408.9 104.6

Engelmann and other spruces 173.2 78.1 121.2 61.7 105.6 41.6 95.6 42.6 33.4 14.0 17.2 10.0 29.3 17.6 11.7 8.3

Incense cedar 142.2 71.0 76.9 50.6 128.5 68.8 12.4 8.5 72.0 38.6 31.0 13.8 35.4 14.4 5.9 5.9

Lodgepole pine 176.8 79.5 47.7 36.5 22.4 11.6 20.5 11.4 — — 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.7 5.3 5.6

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 830.5 179.7 747.9 151.3 469.4 64.2 400.4 53.9 362.4 49.4 231.2 38.0 291.4 41.9 191.3 36.6

Sitka spruce — — 35.2 35.4 — — — — 99.9 61.2 12.4 8.8 6.8 6.3 11.4 8.5

Sugar pine 119.6 66.3 144.4 72.4 11.0 8.2 84.0 56.0 41.8 36.2 41.9 17.9 38.5 15.3 35.1 14.3

True fir 2,840.8 351.7 1,557.4 223.1 1,107.1 172.0 908.1 137.8 767.3 115.6 494.4 61.5 394.0 54.3 302.4 48.7

Western hemlock 273.0 110.4 236.4 90.0 103.9 60.9 206.1 86.2 249.3 84.8 160.5 34.2 115.6 29.8 112.8 28.6Western juniper 42.2 40.3 68.5 42.3 63.8 22.1 28.2 13.0 18.1 10.8 40.2 18.7 5.8 6.0 — —Western larch 169.0 77.0 128.6 53.8 88.7 24.3 59.3 20.4 41.3 17.6 37.3 17.3 24.9 12.1 11.8 8.3

Western redcedar 226.6 91.3 105.1 61.4 37.2 38.1 70.4 70.8 41.1 35.9 78.7 24.7 55.4 18.3 54.0 23.0

Other western softwoods 1,176.8 227.9 521.8 124.3 542.4 121.2 424.0 115.3 420.2 100.9 216.7 45.3 150.8 33.4 107.6 25.2

Total 10,259.2 663.2 7,002.5 481.4 5,949.7 427.6 4,949.0 395.9 4,408.4 323.3 2,959.0 153.0 2,671.1 145.4 2,258.3 135.4

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —Oak 35.5 35.6 108.3 63.7 83.4 54.9 — — — — — — — — 6.1 6.3Red alder 112.4 65.3 87.2 57.1 102.6 62.8 113.3 64.8 47.9 43.2 — — — — — —

Woodland hardwoods — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Other western hardwoods 118.7 67.6 35.6 35.7 113.0 65.9 84.3 57.1 12.9 9.1 — — 17.8 10.4 8.0 7.2

Total 266.7 100.5 231.2 92.8 299.1 106.3 197.6 86.3 60.8 44.1 — — 17.8 10.4 14.1 9.5

All species groups 10,525.8 669.9 7,233.7 489.7 6,248.8 440.1 5,146.6 404.9 4,469.3 326.3 2,959.0 153.0 2,689.0 145.9 2,272.4 135.7
64

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-8—Number of dead treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand trees Softwoods: Douglas-fir 1,315.7 97.7 1,208.9 101.3 858.0 84.7 755.2 77.2 620.4 65.7 576.1 66.5 2,372.6 171.8 184,206.1 5,810.6 Engelmann and other spruces — — — — — — — — 5.8 5.9 — — — — 4,951.1 994.6

Incense cedar 7.2 6.8 13.3 9.1 — — 14.9 9.8 5.8 5.8 6.8 6.6 — — 4,847.0 852.0Lodgepole pine — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 67,047.4 4,999.8Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 78.6 21.5 89.5 23.1 34.6 14.2 23.7 11.9 23.5 11.8 40.6 15.4 40.6 15.5 34,596.0 2,549.8

Sitka spruce — — 20.0 11.3 — — — — 12.4 8.5 — — 87.3 32.1 4,115.5 970.2

Sugar pine 65.9 21.4 49.1 17.1 57.6 20.4 18.1 10.4 29.6 13.2 23.6 12.0 109.6 29.2 2,742.0 472.9

True fir 220.8 38.8 171.5 34.0 117.7 26.3 109.2 26.8 47.2 16.7 100.5 27.0 114.5 27.5 113,221.2 6,086.3

Western hemlock 67.1 21.6 34.2 16.7 70.7 20.9 39.5 19.2 17.6 10.6 31.1 16.7 162.9 44.1 25,198.6 2,412.1Western juniper — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5,610.1 670.6

Western larch 12.2 8.5 5.8 5.9 — — — — — — — — 5.5 5.7 8,307.1 1,004.5

Western redcedar 21.0 11.5 17.5 10.2 17.6 10.4 26.6 12.9 43.3 16.4 6.1 6.3 123.5 39.4 3,307.8 428.1

Other western softwoods 117.8 34.3 61.1 22.6 47.0 20.3 40.7 15.7 28.4 15.8 5.8 5.8 75.3 26.5 42,168.5 3,433.7

Total 1,906.3 119.2 1,671.0 115.8 1,203.0 96.8 1,027.8 88.3 834.0 76.8 790.6 77.0 3,091.8 197.5 500,318.2 11,695.8

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1,318.0 402.7

Oak — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10,820.7 1,700.2

Red alder — — — — 10.9 8.5 — — 6.1 6.1 — — — — 16,618.6 1,481.9

Woodland hardwoods — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 6,718.2 1,025.4

Other western hardwoods — — — — — — — — — — 6.8 6.3 — — 43,534.1 4,265.6

Total — — — — 10.9 8.5 — — 6.1 6.1 6.8 6.3 — — 79,009.7 5,224.1

All species groups 1,906.3 119.2 1,671.0 115.8 1,214.0 97.1 1,027.8 88.3 840.1 77.0 797.4 77.7 3,091.8 197.5 579,327.9 12,794.1

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
65

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-9—Number of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Diameter class (inches)

5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 284,301.4 9,673.5 242,674.8 8,165.2 191,446.7 6,281.6 139,074.1 4,700.1 97,753.7 3,346.2 73,258.2 2,563.9 51,739.3 2,036.7 37,807.0 1,570.5

Engelmann and other spruces 4,055.9 702.3 2,728.4 538.1 2,703.1 539.6 2,026.0 357.9 1,648.7 338.5 1,481.5 322.0 888.4 191.0 496.5 149.6Incense cedar 11,973.5 1,189.7 6,405.7 741.0 5,101.7 628.7 2,869.3 382.7 3,027.2 468.2 1,448.5 291.6 1,060.1 225.8 969.0 196.7

Lodgepole pine 115,347.2 7,802.8 66,880.5 4,257.0 36,254.8 2,320.9 16,688.4 1,215.5 7,598.4 771.2 3,576.8 461.3 1,495.6 263.2 613.0 169.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 119,052.8 5,824.5 85,287.1 3,567.2 69,843.0 2,872.9 47,789.9 2,131.0 37,965.7 1,837.1 23,250.3 1,215.6 15,582.4 935.4 10,426.9 718.9

Sitka spruce 3,056.6 519.4 2,406.3 553.6 2,115.2 604.8 1,789.5 430.2 1,701.5 397.1 1,296.8 382.5 1,135.1 293.7 406.8 140.6

Sugar pine 1,743.8 456.1 1,445.3 327.0 956.9 267.5 477.9 164.9 390.2 119.0 567.3 204.8 295.0 103.8 356.2 124.8

True fir 121,407.6 5,915.8 80,084.4 3,844.5 53,425.0 2,655.7 38,537.2 1,989.4 26,111.6 1,409.3 17,907.7 1,091.7 14,424.3 963.0 9,499.1 755.3

Western hemlock 58,938.3 3,525.6 44,451.9 2,679.5 32,386.3 2,134.0 25,710.3 1,795.6 19,237.7 1,406.0 15,115.3 1,170.0 9,643.0 831.6 6,671.1 613.8

Western juniper 8,294.3 955.7 6,111.6 795.2 3,825.2 552.8 2,083.9 346.0 1,396.4 252.1 957.5 233.7 546.7 152.3 240.8 92.1

Western larch 3,580.9 567.5 3,568.8 491.9 3,273.2 505.3 2,822.3 399.7 1,703.2 336.6 2,010.1 301.1 1,061.4 223.9 1,045.3 235.8

Western redcedar 11,325.3 1,238.8 7,247.1 808.2 4,367.6 563.1 4,318.4 552.9 2,758.8 425.0 2,321.5 344.0 1,759.1 279.9 1,232.1 283.1

Other western softwoods 24,007.6 2,578.6 14,126.1 1,705.6 8,809.4 1,114.4 7,853.4 1,058.1 4,251.7 597.7 2,780.6 477.9 2,278.0 369.7 2,054.3 350.2

Total 767,085.3 15,895.5 563,418.1 11,189.0 414,508.3 8,219.4 292,040.5 6,054.9 205,544.8 4,467.5 145,972.1 3,434.6 101,908.5 2,706.6 71,818.1 2,089.6

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 885.9 345.1 311.4 165.2 643.8 279.4 400.4 216.9 260.1 135.1 112.7 87.2 117.1 66.3 102.1 62.9

Oak 24,059.5 2,401.9 13,235.2 1,460.2 6,516.7 947.0 3,687.4 519.3 2,139.4 356.9 1,434.1 265.0 772.3 179.9 557.0 156.4Red alder 44,560.9 3,457.8 34,452.6 2,567.7 25,723.4 1,855.9 19,315.5 1,527.7 13,316.0 1,134.6 7,682.9 758.6 3,617.7 445.3 2,885.7 408.0

Other western hardwoods 102,255.0 5,120.0 63,386.4 3,595.2 37,335.3 2,340.2 21,278.0 1,636.9 12,688.3 947.7 7,581.7 774.9 4,691.2 523.2 1,816.3 287.3

Total 171,761.3 6,758.3 111,385.6 4,705.6 70,219.0 3,159.8 44,681.3 2,310.7 28,403.7 1,544.4 16,811.3 1,132.8 9,198.4 717.6 5,361.0 531.2

All species groups 938,846.5 17,669.1 674,803.7 12,185.4 484,727.3 8,721.6 336,721.8 6,388.1 233,948.5 4,708.5 162,783.3 3,583.8 111,106.9 2,815.6 77,179.0 2,174.7
66

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-9—Number of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 26,457.9 1,271.0 20,096.3 1,112.1 15,648.3 907.9 10,756.3 701.3 8,763.0 525.0 6,573.0 328.2 6,055.9 303.4 4,960.6 263.6

Engelmann and other spruces 645.2 181.8 341.0 121.6 121.1 29.8 64.4 21.1 74.6 28.1 50.7 23.9 40.6 17.6 40.2 22.9

Incense cedar 681.3 166.9 315.3 117.6 302.2 102.9 424.6 131.6 114.9 53.5 181.8 34.8 144.5 31.1 110.0 25.6

Lodgepole pine 449.0 136.5 123.0 53.0 38.1 19.3 17.7 10.2 32.8 16.4 5.8 5.8 — — — —

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 7,076.1 582.1 5,644.9 420.0 3,682.3 215.1 3,154.2 201.8 2,462.5 159.3 1,821.9 134.5 1,355.7 105.5 830.1 82.5

Sitka spruce 722.4 198.0 367.9 142.0 211.2 103.8 187.0 84.1 104.2 55.1 118.1 27.1 88.0 28.1 55.8 20.5

Sugar pine 89.8 58.0 392.2 118.9 241.0 85.1 201.7 85.3 187.7 72.5 117.8 35.7 126.7 30.5 103.7 27.5

True fir 6,443.5 593.0 4,845.7 449.2 3,366.2 333.6 2,486.8 281.6 1,982.9 221.9 1,074.3 112.0 853.9 97.0 653.3 80.3

Western hemlock 4,784.1 507.4 3,867.9 431.7 2,574.6 316.7 1,821.0 278.4 1,067.7 169.1 788.7 92.2 520.8 83.5 348.8 53.4

Western juniper 245.4 93.6 144.9 65.8 65.2 25.7 51.2 22.4 16.9 12.8 11.3 8.1 9.0 7.6 5.9 5.9

Western larch 365.6 114.7 416.5 121.6 212.6 48.1 110.3 25.3 88.3 25.8 100.7 30.5 11.1 11.4 16.6 12.7Western redcedar 1,144.9 222.8 922.7 200.3 1,063.3 231.8 592.8 153.2 448.7 103.5 408.1 72.7 298.8 60.0 212.9 48.1

Other western softwoods 1,589.8 319.9 1,343.5 268.9 623.6 140.9 587.1 148.2 375.7 108.5 214.3 50.8 160.4 39.9 93.5 29.9

Total 50,694.8 1,701.8 38,821.7 1,415.0 28,149.7 1,093.3 20,455.1 888.3 15,719.8 668.2 11,466.5 410.1 9,665.5 362.3 7,431.4 307.6

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 107.7 62.8 45.1 38.5 8.2 7.3 127.0 67.5 43.3 40.8 11.3 8.3 26.7 16.5 — —

Oak 182.3 83.2 43.3 40.8 191.8 100.5 85.0 57.6 59.3 38.8 39.9 15.9 13.1 9.1 5.4 6.0

Red alder 845.4 186.7 839.8 231.0 495.0 134.7 160.8 77.9 149.0 68.2 23.7 12.0 18.8 10.9 13.3 9.3

Other western hardwoods 2,279.3 343.2 930.4 200.4 803.1 192.0 589.7 149.2 273.3 91.6 204.0 43.5 54.9 20.5 113.3 26.7

Total 3,414.7 413.2 1,858.7 318.1 1,498.0 259.9 962.3 189.7 524.9 127.5 278.9 51.0 113.5 29.8 132.0 28.8

All species groups 54,109.6 1,748.7 40,680.4 1,444.3 29,647.7 1,126.8 21,417.4 907.7 16,244.7 679.1 11,745.4 413.8 9,779.0 364.3 7,563.4 309.0
67

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-9—Number of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand trees

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 4,106.6 227.6 3,093.5 182.1 2,719.7 174.4 2,247.2 150.5 1,782.1 132.2 1,751.0 129.0 5,875.7 377.9 1,238,942.2 25,803.5

Engelmann and other spruces 24.8 15.1 5.6 6.0 11.9 8.3 — — — — 5.9 5.9 — — 17,454.4 2,383.7

Incense cedar 123.1 30.1 89.3 23.3 105.7 26.9 79.2 22.0 76.9 23.9 41.9 15.7 203.6 51.4 35,849.3 2,891.8

Lodgepole pine 5.8 5.8 — — — — — — — — — — 5.9 5.9 249,132.9 13,984.6Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 478.3 57.9 310.4 46.2 205.8 39.3 96.4 24.0 76.0 22.6 29.4 13.1 102.2 32.2 436,524.2 13,757.7Sitka spruce 43.4 18.7 50.0 20.0 69.5 24.0 58.6 25.5 45.3 16.8 38.2 23.9 154.1 76.0 16,221.5 2,751.1Sugar pine 74.1 21.1 56.6 20.2 84.1 25.9 63.9 19.7 47.2 16.6 76.2 21.5 170.1 39.4 8,265.2 1,246.2

True fir 466.5 69.6 262.6 45.1 163.0 37.1 141.6 28.7 77.9 23.0 58.1 18.5 88.9 24.3 384,362.1 15,312.7

Western hemlock 244.2 48.1 163.2 31.3 168.4 34.9 105.2 26.7 55.6 18.5 63.0 21.2 69.4 20.3 228,796.5 10,924.2

Western juniper 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.9 — — — — — — — — — — 24,018.1 2,454.3

Western larch 5.3 5.6 11.5 8.2 — — — — — — 5.9 5.9 — — 20,409.5 1,855.5

Western redcedar 250.0 45.7 162.4 34.4 147.9 33.6 65.4 22.1 100.7 24.6 43.0 18.2 208.1 49.5 41,399.8 3,426.3Other western softwoods 74.5 26.9 78.0 29.4 44.9 19.5 24.1 14.6 19.6 13.7 55.6 28.6 96.9 35.2 71,542.7 7,003.3

Total 5,902.6 265.1 4,289.1 207.7 3,720.9 202.5 2,881.4 167.6 2,281.3 146.0 2,168.2 141.0 6,975.0 412.4 2,772,918.5 37,407.1

Hardwoods:Cottonwood and aspen 5.8 6.0 16.5 13.3 5.8 6.0 — — — — — — 7.3 6.9 3,237.9 857.4

Oak 12.0 8.8 6.0 6.2 — — — — — — — — 6.1 6.3 53,045.7 4,709.9

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — 19.8 11.3 154,120.2 8,421.8

Other western hardwoods 72.9 23.0 31.2 13.8 67.6 22.2 14.1 9.5 27.2 13.1 — — 14.1 9.5 256,507.1 12,049.5

Total 90.6 25.3 53.7 20.2 73.3 23.0 14.1 9.5 27.2 13.1 — — 47.4 17.4 466,910.9 15,627.2

All species groups 5,993.2 266.5 4,342.7 208.5 3,794.2 203.4 2,895.5 167.9 2,308.5 146.4 2,168.2 141.0 7,022.5 412.9 3,239,829.4 40,504.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer than 50 trees were estimated.

a Includes live growing-stock trees of commercial species that are ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; excludes trees that are classified as rough or rotten-cull.
68

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-10—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet USDA Forest Service: National forest 46,771.9 1,018.7 564.9 94.5 47,336.9 1,013.6 9,816.5 662.7 336.6 95.3 10,153.2 667.5 57,490.0 967.0 National grasslands — — 3.0 2.1 3.0 2.1 — — — — — — 3.0 2.1 Total 46,771.9 1,018.7 567.9 94.6 47,339.8 1,013.6 9,816.5 662.7 336.6 95.3 10,153.2 667.5 57,493.0 967.0 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 12,821.5 623.2 411.0 50.3 13,232.5 621.1 394.4 126.7 17.6 8.7 411.9 127.0 13,644.4 613.4

National Park Service — — — — — — 680.0 113.3 73.1 64.3 753.1 119.5 753.1 119.5U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 9.8 6.9 1.1 1.3 11.0 7.0 11.0 7.0

Other federal 51.2 39.3 — — 51.2 39.3 28.2 29.2 — — 28.2 29.2 79.4 49.0

Total 12,872.7 624.4 411.0 50.3 13,283.7 622.3 1,112.4 172.6 91.8 64.9 1,204.1 176.9 14,487.8 615.5

State and local government:

Local 416.0 124.3 10.3 6.5 426.3 124.5 130.9 83.9 — — 130.9 83.9 557.2 150.0

State 4,688.9 378.5 26.4 12.8 4,715.3 378.7 513.8 206.4 — — 513.8 206.4 5,229.1 421.1

Other public 0.3 0.3 — — 0.3 0.3 — — — — — — 0.3 0.3

Total 5,105.2 396.9 36.7 14.4 5,141.9 397.2 644.6 222.8 — — 644.6 222.8 5,786.6 445.7

Corporate private 14,692.9 599.2 174.2 65.7 14,867.0 601.0 — — — — — — 14,867.0 601.0Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

838.3 171.6 — — 838.3 171.6 — — — — — — 838.3 171.6

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

134.1 73.8 4.0 2.6 138.1 73.8 — — — — — — 138.1 73.8

Native American 1,116.7 185.2 66.1 35.6 1,182.7 187.1 — — — — — — 1,182.7 187.1

Individual 7,009.7 427.7 473.9 63.0 7,483.6 429.5 — — — — — — 7,483.6 429.5

Total 9,098.7 492.2 543.9 72.3 9,642.7 493.9 — — — — — — 9,642.7 493.9

All private 23,791.6 675.6 718.1 97.2 24,509.7 674.1 — — — — — — 24,509.7 674.1

All owners 88,541.5 1,346.5 1,733.6 145.2 90,275.1 1,340.0 11,573.5 719.5 428.4 115.3 12,001.9 725.0 102,277.0 1,304.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer than 50,000 cubic feet were estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
69

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-11—Net volume of dead treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 6,348.5 232.2 218.2 48.6 6,566.7 234.9 2,047.9 161.4 117.2 30.5 2,165.1 163.7 8,731.8 262.2

Total 6,348.5 232.2 218.4 48.6 6,566.9 234.9 2,047.9 161.4 117.2 30.5 2,165.1 163.7 8,732.0 262.2

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land Management 1,001.8 85.4 47.8 10.7 1,049.6 85.5 35.0 17.0 2.3 1.5 37.2 17.1 1,086.9 86.2

Departments of Defense or Energy — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

National Park Service — — — — — — 101.1 22.8 10.0 9.7 111.1 23.6 111.1 23.6

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Other federal 6.0 4.3 — — 6.0 4.3 1.9 2.0 — — 1.9 2.0 7.9 4.7

Total 1,007.8 85.5 47.8 10.7 1,055.6 85.6 138.0 28.5 12.3 9.8 150.3 29.2 1,205.9 89.0

State and local government:

Local 32.8 12.2 — — 32.8 12.2 3.2 2.2 — — 3.2 2.2 36.0 12.4

State 334.7 40.4 0.9 0.8 335.6 40.4 37.8 18.6 — — 37.8 18.6 373.4 44.0

Other public — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

Total 367.5 42.2 0.9 0.8 368.4 42.2 41.0 18.8 — — 41.0 18.8 409.4 45.7

Corporate private 715.1 45.5 20.4 8.3 735.5 46.1 — — — — — — 735.5 46.1Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations

64.0 15.7 — — 64.0 15.7 — — — — — — 64.0 15.7

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs

9.2 4.9 0.3 0.3 9.5 4.9 — — — — — — 9.5 4.9

Native American 127.5 31.5 25.8 16.1 153.3 35.0 — — — — — — 153.3 35.0

Individual 313.5 27.5 27.4 7.6 340.9 28.4 — — — — — — 340.9 28.4

Total 514.2 44.4 53.5 17.8 567.7 47.4 — — — — — — 567.7 47.4

All private 1,229.2 60.6 74.0 19.6 1,303.2 63.0 — — — — — — 1,303.2 63.0

All owners 8,953.0 256.2 341.1 53.5 9,294.1 259.2 2,226.9 164.9 129.5 32.1 2,356.4 167.3 11,650.5 285.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer than 50,000 cubic feet were estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
70

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-12—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Western Oregon:

Benton 1,928.5 353.0 60.9 60.8 1,989.4 358.0 — — — — — — 1,989.4 358.0

Clackamas 3,666.3 373.3 — — 3,666.3 373.3 1,280.3 266.4 — — 1,280.3 266.4 4,946.6 413.2

Clatsop 1,866.9 276.7 — — 1,866.9 276.7 5.7 5.7 — — 5.7 5.7 1,872.6 276.8

Columbia 992.1 198.4 4.8 4.8 996.8 199.9 — — 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.3 998.0 199.8

Coos 3,615.0 438.3 17.9 13.9 3,632.9 438.3 72.2 50.7 — — 72.2 50.7 3,705.0 440.5

Curry 3,632.9 380.6 21.5 20.9 3,654.4 379.9 706.2 196.3 9.6 5.8 715.8 196.3 4,370.2 418.8

Douglas 13,852.2 721.9 109.3 42.4 13,961.5 721.7 772.5 215.3 80.5 54.5 853.0 221.1 14,814.5 736.0

Hood River 771.0 159.1 7.2 6.1 778.2 159.2 464.1 147.9 — — 464.1 147.9 1,242.3 209.1

Jackson 5,185.3 421.4 161.8 35.6 5,347.0 422.5 263.4 87.0 28.9 23.1 292.3 90.0 5,639.3 427.1

Josephine 3,046.4 315.3 50.3 26.5 3,096.7 316.3 183.8 89.7 1.1 1.1 184.9 89.7 3,281.6 327.1Lane 13,751.1 727.2 128.2 50.6 13,879.3 725.9 2,186.7 399.7 30.3 31.3 2,217.0 400.1 16,096.3 751.1

Lincoln 3,124.5 442.5 9.9 7.3 3,134.4 442.6 178.4 145.5 — — 178.4 145.5 3,312.8 464.0

Linn 5,135.4 503.7 6.3 4.4 5,141.8 503.7 342.4 131.2 — — 342.4 131.2 5,484.2 514.6

Marion 1,513.1 275.6 43.9 26.4 1,557.0 276.8 561.3 189.5 2.5 2.5 563.8 189.8 2,120.7 328.8

Multnomah 313.2 144.3 0.1 0.0 313.2 144.3 510.5 166.1 — — 510.5 166.1 823.7 217.6

Polk 1,117.5 257.5 47.9 33.8 1,165.4 259.4 — — — — — — 1,165.4 259.4

Tillamook 3,387.9 349.1 — — 3,387.9 349.1 19.4 20.1 — — 19.4 20.1 3,407.2 349.4

Washington 1,182.9 219.3 — — 1,182.9 219.3 28.1 29.6 — — 28.1 29.6 1,211.0 221.0

Yamhill 1,183.6 249.4 17.2 11.7 1,200.8 249.6 23.6 24.6 — — 23.6 24.6 1,224.4 250.8

Total 69,265.6 1,266.4 687.2 112.2 69,952.8 1,260.1 7,598.4 647.0 154.0 67.2 7,752.4 649.2 77,705.2 1,215.6
71

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-12—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 1,201.7 149.3 30.8 11.1 1,232.5 149.7 60.0 45.0 — — 60.0 45.0 1,292.5 155.6

Crook 660.4 95.2 117.0 16.8 777.4 96.7 65.9 42.0 — — 65.9 42.0 843.3 105.0

Deschutes 1,579.5 181.0 138.1 46.4 1,717.6 185.8 313.4 97.3 31.8 24.1 345.3 100.0 2,062.8 206.8

Grant 2,811.7 186.8 74.2 23.5 2,885.9 187.4 369.0 86.2 28.1 17.0 397.1 87.7 3,283.0 199.5

Harney 809.7 111.0 120.9 21.6 930.6 113.4 — — 3.9 1.9 3.9 1.9 934.5 113.4

Jefferson 558.5 109.1 57.6 17.7 616.2 110.0 116.4 59.5 — — 116.4 59.5 732.5 124.8

Klamath 4,263.7 284.1 192.5 48.8 4,456.2 287.1 1,647.6 212.5 177.3 87.6 1,824.9 222.8 6,281.1 329.0

Lake 1,926.2 175.9 103.1 19.6 2,029.4 176.5 44.9 37.8 18.0 11.8 62.9 39.6 2,092.2 180.2

Malheur 5.4 3.9 29.3 10.5 34.7 11.2 — — — — — — 34.7 11.2

Morrow 269.1 57.9 11.9 12.3 281.0 59.1 — — — — — — 281.0 59.1

Umatilla 965.7 124.9 22.3 19.9 988.1 126.4 35.2 23.1 — — 35.2 23.1 1,023.2 128.3

Union 1,324.4 150.7 5.7 4.4 1,330.1 150.8 264.1 81.2 2.9 2.7 267.0 81.2 1,597.2 169.3

Wallowa 1,107.4 140.0 1.7 1.7 1,109.1 140.0 1,031.7 159.6 12.4 9.6 1,044.0 159.8 2,153.1 208.3

Wasco 1,387.5 219.4 108.1 38.2 1,495.7 221.9 14.1 14.1 — — 14.1 14.1 1,509.7 222.3

Wheeler 404.9 78.4 33.1 6.6 438.0 78.8 12.8 12.9 — — 12.8 12.9 450.8 79.8

Total 19,275.8 467.0 1,046.5 92.2 20,322.3 466.3 3,975.1 314.9 274.4 93.6 4,249.5 322.7 24,571.8 485.4

All counties 88,541.5 1,346.5 1,733.6 145.2 90,275.1 1,340.0 11,573.5 719.5 428.4 115.3 12,001.9 725.0 102,277.0 1,304.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer than 50,000 cubic feet were estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
72

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-13—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand size class, Oregon, 

2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 57,274.9 1,329.5 1,567.2 136.5 352.9 46.2 59,195.0 1,318.0

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 14,272.4 681.3 254.4 57.3 185.3 31.0 14,712.1 682.8

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 6,725.6 608.1 81.6 32.2 22.1 10.5 6,829.2 609.8

Lodgepole pine 1,559.0 159.4 685.2 84.4 305.3 33.0 2,549.5 179.4

Ponderosa pine 9,090.3 355.3 181.0 27.6 180.6 28.8 9,451.9 354.9

Western juniper 759.3 55.1 34.6 7.6 45.9 7.7 839.8 55.7

Western larch 439.9 106.4 16.0 14.6 22.9 9.2 478.9 107.6

Other western softwoods 78.3 35.5 11.0 7.2 5.6 3.5 94.8 36.4

Total 90,199.7 1,357.1 2,830.9 175.3 1,120.6 71.5 94,151.2 1,330.6

 

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 3,390.7 309.4 632.9 96.1 41.8 15.6 4,065.3 319.8

Aspen/birch 13.5 13.6 14.8 9.3 9.5 5.8 37.8 17.5

Elm/ash/cottonwood 141.5 62.8 8.3 6.3 5.1 2.6 154.8 63.2

Tanoak/laurel 1,249.0 217.2 379.0 89.9 46.7 14.0 1,674.8 232.8

Western oak 777.7 134.7 308.0 48.3 59.4 15.5 1,145.1 142.9

Woodland hardwoods 83.2 20.7 2.0 1.5 9.7 5.9 94.9 21.6

Other hardwoods 397.6 91.2 357.3 89.5 78.2 23.1 833.1 128.4

Total 6,053.2 407.0 1,702.2 163.9 250.4 35.8 8,005.8 427.4

Nonstocked — — — — — — 120.1 24.6

All forest types 96,252.9 1,349.7 4,533.1 235.3 1,371.0 79.4 102,277.0 1,304.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.

aIncludes all live trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
73

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-14—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 30,054.0 992.4 11,042.6 621.2 3,981.6 404.6 9,181.1 514.3 4,935.6 415.0 14,116.7 615.9 59,195.0 1,318.0

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 

12,369.1 634.4 1,139.2 197.9 94.5 51.4 575.4 91.5 533.9 121.1 1,109.3 149.7 14,712.1 682.8

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 3,475.0 461.2 428.0 143.7 594.4 194.4 1,836.2 282.8 495.6 145.0 2,331.8 314.5 6,829.2 609.8Lodgepole pine 1,990.0 155.0 224.1 66.6 30.2 20.8 177.8 33.1 127.4 44.6 305.2 54.7 2,549.5 179.4

Ponderosa pine 6,909.1 298.0 506.5 119.5 142.8 54.9 822.5 85.1 1,071.0 123.8 1,893.5 144.0 9,451.9 354.9

Western juniper 229.7 36.2 310.1 30.7 21.3 7.6 47.8 15.0 230.9 24.6 278.7 28.4 839.8 55.7

Western larch 469.7 107.5 — — — — 1.7 1.3 7.5 5.2 9.2 5.4 478.9 107.6

Other western softwoods 64.9 28.2 23.5 22.1 — — 5.6 6.2 0.8 0.6 6.4 6.2 94.8 36.4

Total 55,561.6 979.9 13,674.1 629.0 4,864.8 438.3 12,648.0 570.2 7,402.8 464.1 20,050.7 666.6 94,151.2 1,330.6

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 690.5 136.5 122.8 46.9 767.6 148.8 1,350.7 199.8 1,133.7 156.8 2,484.4 246.1 4,065.3 319.8

Aspen/birch 14.3 9.4 3.6 1.9 — — 1.5 1.4 18.4 14.6 19.8 14.6 37.8 17.5

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 1.1 1.3 23.6 24.6 4.3 3.2 125.8 58.1 130.1 58.2 154.8 63.2

Tanoak/laurel 908.1 180.7 154.0 72.8 — — 373.4 105.2 239.3 72.8 612.7 126.7 1,674.8 232.8

Western oak 183.0 48.0 248.8 67.8 52.5 28.5 242.6 86.5 418.2 73.5 660.8 112.8 1,145.1 142.9Woodland hardwoods 32.9 11.0 19.1 11.1 — — 4.7 3.7 38.2 14.5 42.9 14.9 94.9 21.6

Other hardwoods 53.4 22.0 261.9 77.6 57.5 28.6 228.5 76.7 231.9 59.8 460.4 96.6 833.1 128.4

Total 1,882.2 226.4 811.3 131.0 901.2 154.6 2,205.7 249.3 2,205.4 200.6 4,411.1 305.6 8,005.8 427.4

Nonstocked 49.3 10.7 2.4 1.4 20.6 16.4 13.4 5.2 34.5 13.9 47.9 14.8 120.1 24.6

All forest types 57,493.0 967.0 14,487.8 615.5 5,786.6 445.7 14,867.0 601.0 9,642.7 493.9 24,509.7 674.1 102,277.0 1,304.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
74

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-15—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 Diameter class (inches) 5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 739.9 25.6 1,730.9 58.2 2,664.6 87.4 3,254.0 112.4 3,486.1 119.7 3,714.2 132.7 3,501.3 137.7 3,450.1 143.3

Engelmann and other spruces 12.2 1.7 20.5 3.3 37.8 6.2 57.5 9.1 60.9 11.7 88.2 16.8 68.6 13.4 54.5 13.8

Incense cedar 28.1 2.8 33.2 3.8 44.2 5.5 41.1 5.5 59.2 8.6 41.4 8.0 36.5 7.7 50.9 10.5

Lodgepole pine 336.3 23.0 548.9 33.6 586.1 36.4 448.9 31.9 296.8 27.0 172.9 20.2 124.4 18.4 57.4 13.4

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 172.7 8.4 345.7 14.8 567.4 23.6 662.3 30.4 833.0 40.8 741.1 39.0 712.9 42.9 660.1 45.2

Sitka spruce 8.4 1.5 17.6 4.2 30.7 7.9 49.9 12.3 63.1 14.4 68.2 19.2 109.0 34.9 62.6 18.5

Sugar pine 3.6 1.1 6.6 1.5 8.5 2.6 7.0 2.4 10.5 3.1 18.7 6.4 14.5 4.9 22.0 7.6

True fir 331.8 14.9 592.8 26.4 787.3 35.8 967.0 45.7 1,006.9 50.1 964.3 52.7 1,016.4 63.5 917.6 65.3

Western hemlock 157.1 9.6 345.9 21.5 486.4 32.8 677.1 48.9 778.8 56.8 832.0 62.7 712.6 62.3 635.7 58.2

Western juniper 38.3 2.5 68.6 4.4 87.0 6.2 82.3 6.3 79.8 6.7 69.5 7.0 60.5 7.6 42.4 6.2

Western larch 11.0 2.1 30.2 4.6 48.8 7.1 67.1 9.0 70.1 11.9 98.5 14.5 86.9 16.5 96.6 19.1

Western redcedar 28.6 3.1 48.3 5.4 57.2 7.2 84.6 11.0 79.7 12.2 93.8 13.2 94.4 14.8 92.9 20.8

Other western softwoods 74.4 5.8 135.4 11.5 200.5 18.6 281.9 26.7 280.4 27.9 329.2 37.4 355.9 40.1 352.9 44.5

Total 1,942.4 40.8 3,924.5 77.9 5,606.4 110.1 6,680.8 139.2 7,105.3 151.4 7,232.1 167.9 6,894.1 180.2 6,495.7 182.0

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 3.3 1.0 4.3 1.9 9.7 3.7 10.0 5.2 11.3 5.4 8.0 5.1 10.8 5.2 11.6 6.1

Oak 112.2 10.1 120.5 11.6 100.6 11.9 89.8 11.3 83.8 12.5 87.4 14.7 68.1 20.8 52.0 11.7

Red alder 135.0 10.5 279.1 21.1 397.1 29.5 456.3 37.4 455.3 39.2 373.4 37.0 228.3 27.9 212.9 31.1

Woodland hardwoods 9.8 1.4 15.6 2.2 13.2 2.5 12.1 2.3 9.2 2.4 7.3 2.0 4.2 1.6 1.9 1.2

Other western hardwoods 333.7 17.2 459.3 26.7 477.2 30.5 430.8 31.9 373.2 27.6 319.7 32.8 261.1 30.1 129.2 20.2

Total 594.0 22.9 878.8 36.1 997.9 43.9 998.9 50.6 932.8 50.2 795.7 52.6 572.6 46.5 407.7 39.9

All species groups 2,536.4 47.6 4,803.3 86.2 6,604.3 117.3 7,679.8 146.2 8,038.1 158.8 8,027.8 174.2 7,466.7 187.2 6,903.4 188.1
75

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-15—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 3,025.5 143.1 2,851.9 157.5 2,703.0 153.7 2,201.2 150.7 2,079.8 118.7 1,829.0 92.5 1,833.6 92.2 1,724.5 90.6

Engelmann and other spruces 84.3 22.3 49.9 14.5 31.6 6.5 19.2 4.9 21.4 6.5 20.2 7.1 16.1 5.4 17.7 8.2

Incense cedar 39.0 9.2 26.3 9.3 29.2 10.1 53.3 15.1 24.6 9.4 29.8 5.7 28.6 5.9 26.7 6.1

Lodgepole pine 44.8 12.9 15.0 6.0 3.8 1.8 2.9 1.5 3.9 2.0 0.5 0.5 — — 1.1 1.0

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 572.4 47.7 592.8 41.6 491.7 28.7 517.4 33.1 484.8 30.7 408.3 29.3 370.3 28.0 262.2 25.0

Sitka spruce 122.6 33.2 71.7 23.7 80.4 40.4 73.6 28.2 48.6 20.3 30.1 8.8 34.0 9.7 18.7 7.1

Sugar pine 7.5 4.9 45.2 13.2 31.8 11.8 40.3 16.1 41.7 14.8 27.5 8.0 38.4 9.2 39.5 9.5

True fir 843.1 70.5 773.2 64.4 634.3 57.0 565.5 59.9 553.0 56.4 374.8 34.1 310.5 30.8 278.0 30.8

Western hemlock 578.9 60.2 546.5 60.7 452.9 53.8 364.0 54.5 252.8 39.1 221.3 25.4 171.3 25.1 129.7 19.2Western juniper 29.5 5.7 27.1 4.7 16.3 2.3 13.4 2.0 10.2 1.9 5.7 1.4 6.5 1.4 4.2 1.3

Western larch 51.7 15.0 62.7 15.8 39.3 7.9 26.9 5.4 28.6 6.8 25.8 7.6 10.4 4.8 10.3 4.6

Western redcedar 83.9 16.4 103.6 22.8 122.1 26.5 85.2 22.5 89.4 19.0 79.9 13.0 71.1 13.2 55.3 12.4

Other western softwoods 299.3 40.8 297.7 43.6 178.2 28.1 158.2 27.6 161.0 28.9 86.5 13.5 78.6 14.6 48.2 12.4

Total 5,782.4 186.4 5,463.5 192.5 4,814.7 183.0 4,120.9 180.6 3,799.8 151.8 3,139.3 109.5 2,969.5 107.4 2,616.1 104.9

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 11.8 7.2 5.5 4.6 0.6 0.5 23.4 13.0 9.5 8.9 6.1 3.5 9.4 5.4 — —

Oak 56.3 22.7 6.9 4.4 49.3 20.3 11.6 8.7 12.0 8.8 12.6 4.2 2.8 2.3 1.8 1.9

Red alder 81.8 18.3 94.6 24.8 77.6 21.4 23.0 11.4 21.3 9.8 5.9 2.7 4.7 2.4 3.2 2.3

Woodland hardwoods 2.7 1.4 2.2 2.3 — — — — — — — — — — — —

Other western hardwoods 220.1 33.5 115.9 25.7 114.2 26.9 80.6 21.9 53.0 19.7 45.1 9.9 11.6 4.5 36.1 8.7

Total 372.7 45.7 225.1 37.2 241.6 40.6 138.5 29.1 95.8 25.4 69.8 12.0 28.5 7.7 41.1 9.2

All species groups 6,155.1 191.3 5,688.6 195.2 5,056.3 187.3 4,259.5 183.0 3,895.6 153.7 3,209.1 110.2 2,997.9 107.8 2,657.2 105.3
76

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-15—Net volume of live treesa on forest land, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 1,613.3 85.8 1,361.9 78.2 1,269.5 81.1 1,168.8 74.8 994.0 72.7 1,081.7 78.2 4,966.4 332.9 53,245.3 1,075.9 Engelmann and other spruces 11.7 5.4 4.9 3.5 5.0 3.6 — — — — 3.6 3.6 — — 685.6 78.6 Incense cedar 29.8 7.5 28.7 6.8 33.1 8.3 27.6 7.9 29.8 9.7 17.1 6.2 125.6 32.8 883.7 83.2

Lodgepole pine 0.6 0.6 — — — — — — — — — — 10.1 7.5 2,654.4 141.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 188.2 21.5 133.2 18.4 94.1 16.8 48.1 11.5 41.5 12.1 20.4 8.5 85.2 31.7 9,006.0 264.7

Sitka spruce 25.7 9.2 22.1 7.9 39.5 14.3 38.1 14.8 24.0 8.9 25.1 14.2 143.9 72.8 1,207.7 247.4

Sugar pine 29.4 8.2 33.7 10.0 38.9 12.1 35.6 11.2 37.2 12.5 61.8 17.2 185.5 41.2 785.2 86.3

True fir 226.4 29.9 172.6 26.3 116.6 22.1 102.8 20.2 73.0 18.7 47.0 13.1 125.4 28.6 11,780.0 465.6Western hemlock 106.8 19.7 65.4 12.5 80.1 16.4 58.7 14.0 48.3 17.0 31.6 10.6 67.5 16.2 7,801.5 384.0

Western juniper 1.6 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.6 1.8 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 647.1 35.3

Western larch 3.7 2.7 6.5 3.8 — — — — — — 3.1 3.1 2.4 2.3 780.6 76.1

Western redcedar 71.2 12.8 44.8 9.2 57.6 12.2 29.3 10.0 41.1 10.0 22.9 8.4 181.9 40.0 1,718.8 151.2

Other western softwoods 46.8 11.6 35.8 12.0 26.8 11.9 11.1 6.4 10.3 6.8 28.9 13.8 68.0 23.6 3,546.1 277.8

Total 2,355.1 100.1 1,910.4 88.7 1,761.4 93.6 1,520.9 84.0 1,301.1 82.0 1,343.6 84.7 5,962.0 363.3 94,742.2 1,269.8

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 1.8 1.9 5.1 4.4 3.5 2.7 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.5 — — 3.6 3.4 159.4 35.3

Oak 6.8 4.2 5.1 3.4 — — — — — — — — 7.6 5.6 887.2 94.4

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.3 2.5 2,853.8 165.2

Woodland hardwoods — — — — — — — — — — 0.5 0.5 — — 78.7 12.8

Other western hardwoods 26.0 8.0 13.9 6.0 23.9 8.5 9.8 5.9 16.0 7.8 — — 5.4 3.8 3,555.8 182.4

Total 34.6 9.2 24.0 8.1 27.4 8.9 14.6 7.7 21.3 9.5 0.5 0.5 21.0 7.9 7,534.9 271.5

All species groups 2,389.6 100.6 1,934.4 89.0 1,788.8 93.9 1,535.5 84.3 1,322.3 82.4 1,344.1 84.7 5,983.0 363.4 102,277.0 1,304.5

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
77

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-16—Average net volume per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand size 

class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 6,916.61 112.35 1,439.57 72.92 237.70 28.12 5,453.70 99.27

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 4,604.02 131.99 1,394.21 224.68 465.36 55.66 3,997.18 123.96

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 8,241.72 377.39 2,196.84 429.64 277.35 117.38 7,322.00 370.92

Lodgepole pine 2,313.06 118.26 1,401.79 87.42 354.20 25.61 1,259.12 63.10

Ponderosa pine 2,096.07 52.53 605.54 48.70 338.38 42.77 1,828.40 48.05

Western juniper 392.16 20.78 139.10 23.50 78.80 10.56 303.47 16.04

Western larch 3,533.42 429.96 2,032.37 395.00 354.60 101.81 2,430.53 371.15

Other western softwoods 1,429.26 443.89 880.88 477.01 201.98 80.31 1,000.62 295.16

Total 4,667.97 60.49 1,197.15 48.57 277.86 15.01 3,660.52 49.58

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 4,673.61 193.17 2,125.29 175.34 303.55 103.70 3,501.97 168.73

Aspen/birch 4,633.86 4,633.86 988.93 168.63 318.43 146.55 792.82 300.63

Elm/ash/cottonwood 3,355.10 1,023.77 1,259.85 126.87 193.39 41.79 2,066.27 674.34

Tanoak/laurel 5,811.70 482.92 2,992.39 313.36 179.19 47.09 2,780.01 296.93

Western oak 2,748.35 276.04 949.20 86.20 323.72 63.93 1,447.61 136.28

Woodland hardwoods 718.90 91.60 148.68 103.49 260.68 112.54 570.14 76.97

Other hardwoods 3,093.06 295.39 2,556.71 365.60 480.85 109.50 1,933.21 200.99

Total 4,001.55 155.22 1,842.81 114.20 298.85 35.82 2,445.07 99.69

Nonstocked — — — — — — 121.42 23.20

All forest types 4,619.59 56.99 1,378.51 48.65 281.47 13.88 3,411.03 44.24

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 cubic feet per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Includes all live trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
78

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-17—Average net cubic volume per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and stand 

size class, Oregon 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 560.10 22.37 89.19 16.27 181.92 48.21 461.14 18.42

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 846.20 36.93 180.25 47.13 465.53 111.47 772.00 34.08

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 947.14 94.86 207.15 117.35 183.31 68.39 852.55 85.23

Lodgepole pine 283.84 38.87 248.71 44.03 212.13 40.71 244.83 24.27

Ponderosa pine 166.98 13.21 54.98 14.64 137.64 38.31 157.47 11.82

Western juniper 24.49 3.94 17.11 7.90 7.59 3.02 20.27 2.94

Western larch 845.90 252.24 266.17 71.99 306.23 129.94 645.66 171.14

Other western softwoods 837.09 366.14 — — 202.47 135.88 542.67 224.76

Total 473.43 12.81 119.27 13.18 187.49 23.68 396.04 10.29

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 363.39 45.71 159.26 34.31 237.96 139.86 296.16 34.74

Aspen/birch 684.86 684.86 102.29 31.00 30.85 13.78 93.27 42.96

Elm/ash/cottonwood 121.80 68.91 — — 12.70 12.70 72.99 42.13

Tanoak/laurel 440.86 59.18 309.54 75.25 1,002.04 233.15 656.25 109.75

Western oak 192.78 35.17 214.84 45.71 269.01 103.27 219.52 33.04

Woodland hardwoods 129.85 40.47 68.46 32.91 160.08 91.72 131.60 35.29

Other hardwoods 275.85 98.92 201.21 45.47 302.76 120.94 261.80 56.46

Total 311.06 26.70 202.35 23.37 477.37 87.59 322.95 26.84

Nonstocked — — — — — — 411.15 87.52

All forest types 461.64 12.01 142.60 11.66 237.36 24.86 388.55 9.59

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 cubic feet per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Includes all dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
79

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-18—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Diameter class (inches)

5.0–6.9 7.0–8.9 9.0–10.9 11.0–12.9 13.0–14.9 15.0–16.9 17.0–18.9 19.0–20.9

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 712.4 25.2 1,656.2 56.9 2,540.7 86.1 3,080.8 110.5 3,255.9 117.6 3,449.5 127.8 3,231.9 134.0 3,107.9 137.3

Engelmann and other spruces 8.1 1.4 14.3 2.8 30.7 5.7 41.6 7.6 51.7 11.2 67.3 15.1 55.7 12.4 37.7 11.8

Incense cedar 24.4 2.4 27.9 3.3 39.4 5.0 33.9 4.7 53.9 8.4 37.0 7.6 35.1 7.6 44.1 9.0

Lodgepole pine 267.7 20.4 427.3 29.2 444.7 30.7 321.9 24.4 210.3 22.7 137.1 17.8 73.2 13.2 36.3 10.3

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 166.9 8.3 332.9 14.6 548.8 23.1 641.3 30.1 804.1 40.3 717.4 38.7 691.5 42.6 615.3 43.7

Sitka spruce 7.4 1.3 13.8 3.5 24.2 7.1 34.4 9.0 46.0 11.7 51.6 17.2 59.6 16.0 29.8 10.4

Sugar pine 3.4 1.1 6.3 1.5 8.2 2.6 7.0 2.4 9.9 3.1 17.5 6.3 12.8 4.6 20.4 7.4

True fir 254.9 13.2 461.5 23.4 610.1 31.9 732.0 39.0 770.3 42.8 742.9 46.2 813.3 58.0 708.4 59.0

Western hemlock 144.8 9.3 318.9 20.9 456.7 32.4 623.2 47.4 723.2 55.4 772.0 61.3 665.9 61.4 583.2 56.7

Western juniper 9.4 1.2 17.0 2.3 20.2 2.9 16.2 2.9 16.7 3.1 13.2 3.2 10.9 3.1 6.1 2.4

Western larch 8.3 1.3 23.3 3.3 41.3 6.5 57.8 8.4 53.9 10.6 86.6 13.6 60.3 12.8 74.4 16.7

Western redcedar 26.5 3.0 45.3 5.3 50.4 6.8 78.8 10.7 73.2 11.7 86.3 12.8 86.3 14.0 80.4 19.7

Other western softwoods 39.6 4.2 63.0 7.9 81.6 11.1 132.0 18.3 105.9 15.5 107.6 19.4 121.8 20.2 139.8 25.2

Total 1,673.9 38.6 3,407.6 74.3 4,896.8 106.6 5,800.9 134.8 6,175.1 146.9 6,285.9 161.0 5,918.2 171.2 5,483.7 171.1

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 1.9 0.7 2.0 1.0 8.6 3.6 8.7 5.1 9.8 5.3 6.4 4.8 8.1 4.9 8.8 5.7

Oak 61.1 6.1 77.1 9.2 69.3 10.5 68.0 10.1 60.0 10.6 54.1 10.3 38.3 8.9 34.2 9.8

Red alder 132.9 10.5 275.1 21.1 381.6 28.7 447.3 37.2 451.6 39.2 360.7 36.7 218.2 27.4 212.8 31.1Other western hardwoods 298.6 15.3 409.3 24.1 428.2 27.2 405.9 31.6 350.6 27.2 300.8 32.0 250.1 29.5 118.4 19.4

Total 494.6 19.9 763.5 33.6 887.9 41.0 929.9 50.2 872.0 49.7 722.0 50.7 514.8 41.9 374.2 39.0

All species groups 2,168.5 44.9 4,171.1 82.7 5,784.7 113.7 6,730.8 142.4 7,047.1 155.0 7,007.9 167.6 6,433.0 177.8 5,857.9 177.5
80

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-18—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Diameter class (inches) 21.0–22.9 23.0–24.9 25.0–26.9 27.0–28.9 29.0–30.9 31.0–32.9 33.0–34.9 35.0–36.9 Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 2,713.7 137.0 2,615.5 153.9 2,427.7 149.5 1,908.5 133.3 1,860.3 113.4 1,617.0 84.5 1,691.8 90.8 1,565.4 87.6

Engelmann and other spruces 59.7 16.5 39.8 13.5 18.3 4.5 11.2 3.8 15.4 5.9 13.4 6.4 10.6 4.6 13.5 7.6

Incense cedar 35.4 8.8 24.6 9.2 28.7 10.1 42.2 13.8 14.4 7.0 28.2 5.6 24.2 5.2 22.8 5.4

Lodgepole pine 37.2 12.1 11.2 4.6 3.4 1.8 2.0 1.2 3.9 2.0 0.5 0.5 — — — —

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 541.7 46.8 549.8 40.3 458.0 28.2 472.7 31.7 445.5 29.5 380.7 28.6 338.2 27.0 237.2 24.1

Sitka spruce 60.6 18.6 29.9 11.5 20.3 10.1 24.2 11.0 23.5 13.1 21.1 5.0 20.8 6.5 16.6 6.7

Sugar pine 7.5 4.9 41.7 12.8 31.8 11.8 35.9 15.5 36.9 14.5 26.4 8.0 36.3 9.0 33.9 9.0

True fir 604.0 58.6 571.7 56.3 495.8 52.3 426.2 53.9 408.5 49.7 256.9 28.7 225.6 26.7 206.2 25.8

Western hemlock 526.9 58.5 512.6 59.2 405.7 51.6 336.9 52.9 233.9 38.1 200.2 23.9 149.5 23.8 118.8 18.6

Western juniper 6.3 2.5 3.8 1.6 3.0 1.3 2.2 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3Western larch 30.7 9.8 47.9 14.2 30.3 7.1 17.7 4.1 17.0 5.2 21.0 6.9 2.1 2.1 3.7 3.0

Western redcedar 81.5 16.2 91.9 20.9 119.2 26.3 69.1 18.8 75.1 17.5 71.6 12.5 63.7 12.7 48.0 11.5

Other western softwoods 145.3 30.2 146.0 30.5 89.9 21.4 83.2 21.3 71.2 20.3 47.1 11.3 39.0 10.8 25.3 8.1

Total 4,850.6 174.0 4,686.3 184.7 4,132.0 174.2 3,432.1 161.6 3,206.4 143.1 2,684.8 101.5 2,602.1 104.6 2,291.8 100.3

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 11.8 7.2 4.8 4.6 0.6 0.5 23.4 13.0 9.5 8.9 2.4 1.8 7.9 5.2 — —

Oak 10.8 5.2 3.1 3.0 19.3 12.4 11.6 8.7 12.0 8.8 7.7 3.3 2.8 2.3 1.8 1.9

Red alder 78.0 17.9 87.7 24.3 61.2 16.9 23.0 11.4 21.3 9.8 4.6 2.3 3.7 2.2 3.2 2.3

Other western hardwoods 209.7 32.9 110.8 25.2 109.9 26.6 80.6 21.9 53.0 19.7 43.5 9.9 11.6 4.5 35.4 8.7

Total 310.2 39.4 206.4 36.3 191.0 34.8 138.5 29.1 95.8 25.4 58.2 11.2 25.9 7.5 40.4 9.2

All species groups 5,160.8 178.2 4,892.8 187.4 4,323.0 177.9 3,570.6 164.3 3,302.2 145.1 2,743.0 102.3 2,628.1 105.0 2,332.1 100.7
81

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-18—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Diameter class (inches)

37.0–38.9 39.0–40.9 41.0–42.9 43.0–44.9 45.0–46.9 47.0–48.9 49.0 + All classes

Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 1,445.3 83.1 1,210.0 75.2 1,166.2 78.2 1,054.5 72.4 908.2 70.1 981.3 75.3 4,467.7 313.6 48,668.5 1,068.1

Engelmann and other spruces 7.9 4.6 2.5 2.6 5.0 3.6 — — — — 3.6 3.6 — — 508.1 69.6Incense cedar 27.4 7.1 23.9 6.4 31.7 8.1 27.6 7.9 29.8 9.7 14.4 5.6 121.0 32.5 791.8 79.0

Lodgepole pine 0.6 0.6 — — — — — — — — — — 6.6 6.6 1,984.0 118.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 157.7 19.7 112.3 17.2 85.7 16.3 42.5 10.8 36.2 11.5 17.3 7.9 85.2 31.7 8,478.6 261.1

Sitka spruce 13.7 6.2 15.4 6.4 31.0 11.3 31.7 14.1 24.0 8.9 23.1 14.1 139.4 72.7 761.9 153.8

Sugar pine 27.5 7.9 23.3 8.6 38.9 12.1 35.6 11.2 32.3 11.5 53.8 15.3 164.4 40.0 711.7 84.1

True fir 167.8 26.3 104.5 18.6 77.5 18.7 60.1 13.0 40.9 13.3 34.4 11.4 66.4 18.6 8,840.0 415.1

Western hemlock 89.5 17.8 60.8 12.1 70.4 14.9 47.6 12.2 31.2 10.4 29.8 10.4 40.8 12.5 7,142.5 377.2

Western juniper 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 — — — — — — — — — — 128.0 14.0Western larch 1.6 1.7 3.9 2.9 — — — — — — 3.1 3.1 — — 584.8 61.5

Western redcedar 65.4 12.4 40.2 8.7 46.6 11.1 21.2 7.2 38.5 9.6 16.2 6.9 126.5 31.1 1,501.8 137.0

Other western softwoods 23.0 7.9 27.3 11.2 24.4 11.7 11.1 6.4 10.3 6.8 28.9 13.8 64.6 23.3 1,627.9 181.4

Total 2,027.8 95.0 1,624.5 83.7 1,577.3 89.9 1,332.0 79.4 1,151.3 76.8 1,205.9 81.1 5,282.5 340.8 81,729.4 1,305.5

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 1.8 1.9 5.1 4.4 2.1 2.3 — — — — — — 3.6 3.4 127.2 29.5

Oak 4.6 3.6 1.9 2.0 — — — — — — — — 4.5 4.6 542.2 56.6

Red alder — — — — — — — — — — — — 4.3 2.5 2,767.3 164.4

Other western hardwoods 24.4 7.9 10.3 4.8 23.9 8.5 5.8 4.3 16.0 7.8 — — 5.4 3.8 3,302.3 176.7

Total 30.8 8.8 17.3 6.7 26.1 8.8 5.8 4.3 16.0 7.8 — — 17.8 7.3 6,739.1 258.6

All species groups 2,058.6 95.5 1,641.7 83.9 1,603.3 90.2 1,337.8 79.5 1,167.3 77.1 1,205.9 81.1 5,300.3 340.9 88,468.5 1,345.9

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes live growing-stock trees of commercial species that are ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; excludes trees that are classified as rough-or rotten-cull.
82

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-19—Net volume of growing-stock treesa on timberland, by species group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Species group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Million cubic feet Softwoods: Douglas-fir 22,898.1 778.6 9,361.1 531.6 3,425.6 334.7 8,416.5 440.4 4,567.2 356.5 12,983.7 522.7 48,668.5 1,068.1 Engelmann and other spruces 413.6 60.0 0.2 0.2 — — 27.9 15.0 66.4 32.1 94.3 35.4 508.1 69.6

Incense cedar 364.9 48.2 216.3 54.9 22.8 13.1 116.7 21.9 71.2 17.4 187.8 27.6 791.8 79.0

Lodgepole pine 1,643.6 106.2 20.5 8.0 22.1 12.3 177.0 31.2 120.9 40.2 297.8 50.1 1,984.0 118.8

Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines 6,174.7 223.7 406.4 69.9 136.8 45.6 734.1 67.4 1,026.5 93.7 1,760.6 108.1 8,478.6 261.1

Sitka spruce 273.2 113.3 — — 54.1 21.4 315.3 89.3 119.3 42.0 434.5 98.6 761.9 153.8

Sugar pine 445.2 64.3 213.3 51.2 1.0 1.1 41.6 16.9 10.6 5.5 52.2 17.8 711.7 84.1

True fir 6,934.0 375.2 576.2 135.5 97.0 34.5 679.1 81.9 553.7 77.2 1,232.8 110.3 8,840.0 415.1

Western hemlock 3,330.9 249.2 875.5 118.1 508.0 109.1 1,980.0 223.5 448.1 87.6 2,428.0 236.5 7,142.5 377.2

Western juniper 80.1 11.1 4.2 2.1 0.9 1.0 14.5 4.6 28.4 7.0 42.9 8.3 128.0 14.0

Western larch 489.7 58.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.0 36.0 9.3 55.8 15.6 91.8 17.8 584.8 61.5

Western redcedar 884.4 109.4 171.3 40.4 25.9 11.2 231.5 49.5 188.6 50.3 420.1 70.0 1,501.8 137.0

Other western softwoods 1,412.2 172.2 59.8 28.6 7.9 8.1 45.4 19.8 102.6 44.3 148.0 48.5 1,627.9 181.4

Total 45,344.7 1,000.6 11,906.4 605.3 4,303.8 363.9 12,815.4 545.7 7,359.2 439.0 20,174.6 625.8 81,729.4 1,305.5

Hardwoods:

Cottonwood and aspen 23.4 11.0 9.9 9.0 5.3 5.8 13.4 7.9 75.2 23.9 88.6 25.1 127.2 29.5

Oak 73.5 16.5 131.0 23.2 38.0 25.2 88.1 24.3 211.6 35.2 299.7 42.1 542.2 56.6

Red alder 473.1 70.0 190.7 39.8 619.6 84.7 930.7 98.0 553.2 76.8 1,484.0 118.8 2,767.3 164.4

Other western hardwoods 809.3 94.2 626.0 67.0 137.8 34.6 842.7 92.9 886.6 98.1 1,729.3 130.0 3,302.3 176.7

Total 1,379.2 123.5 957.6 84.1 800.7 99.3 1,874.9 149.4 1,726.7 143.0 3,601.6 192.0 6,739.1 258.6

All species groups 46,723.9 1,018.3 12,864.1 623.8 5,104.5 396.9 14,690.3 599.1 9,085.8 491.8 23,776.1 675.4 88,468.5 1,345.9

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes live growing-stock trees of commercial species that are ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; excludes trees that are classified as rough-or rotten-cull.
83

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-20—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 945,091.3 19,944.7 13,520.2 2,115.7 958,611.5 19,825.2 195,965.2 12,978.8 7,335.2 1,960.9 203,300.4 13,082.0 1,161,911.9 18,751.8

National grasslands — — 112.7 62.0 112.7 62.0 — — — — — — 112.7 62.0

Total 945,091.3 19,944.7 13,633.0 2,116.3 958,724.2 19,824.6 195,965.2 12,978.8 7,335.2 1,960.9 203,300.4 13,082.0 1,162,024.6 18,751.0

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land Management 261,384.2 12,192.9 12,904.8 1,509.4 274,289.0 12,154.8 8,065.5 2,535.9 583.7 275.0 8,649.2 2,550.7 282,938.2 11,972.6

National Park Service — — — — — — 13,597.2 2,279.9 1,555.0 1,334.4 15,152.2 2,425.0 15,152.2 2,425.0

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 364.5 258.3 18.4 21.1 382.9 259.2 382.9 259.2

Other federal 1,068.1 760.7 — — 1,068.1 760.7 507.4 525.7 — — 507.4 525.7 1,575.6 924.7

Total 262,452.4 12,215.8 12,904.8 1,509.4 275,357.2 12,177.7 22,534.5 3,460.0 2,157.1 1,362.6 24,691.7 3,567.9 300,048.8 12,015.2

State and local government:

Local 8,609.0 2,453.0 284.3 159.0 8,893.3 2,459.0 2,316.6 1,500.7 — — 2,316.6 1,500.7 11,209.8 2,877.2

State 90,869.7 7,215.6 759.4 349.6 91,629.2 7,223.9 9,274.8 3,695.4 — — 9,274.8 3,695.4 100,904.0 7,914.1Other public 19.9 20.4 — — 19.9 20.4 — — — — — — 19.9 20.4

Total 99,498.6 7,591.7 1,043.7 384.1 100,542.4 7,601.0 11,591.4 3,988.4 — — 11,591.4 3,988.4 112,133.7 8,392.0

Corporate private 305,702.6 11,689.2 4,672.5 1,594.2 310,375.1 11,745.2 — — — — — — 310,375.1 11,745.2

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

17,968.5 3,523.2 — — 17,968.5 3,523.2 — — — — — — 17,968.5 3,523.2

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

2,636.7 1,416.6 120.8 80.6 2,757.6 1,418.9 — — — — — — 2,757.6 1,418.9

Native American 21,810.6 3,490.1 1,466.6 712.4 23,277.1 3,528.9 — — — — — — 23,277.1 3,528.9

Individual 146,767.0 8,462.2 13,691.6 1,621.9 160,458.6 8,539.2 — — — — — — 160,458.6 8,539.2

Total 189,182.8 9,684.8 15,279.0 1,769.4 204,461.9 9,748.5 — — — — — — 204,461.9 9,748.5

All private 494,885.5 12,980.3 19,951.5 2,368.3 514,837.0 12,951.4 — — — — — — 514,837.0 12,951.4

All owners 1,801,927.8 26,126.2 47,533.0 3,533.6 1,849,460.7 25,977.0 230,091.2 14,000.5 9,492.3 2,387.9 239,583.4 14,122.8 2,089,044.2 25,080.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
84

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-21—Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons USDA Forest Service: National forest 121,941.3 4,453.8 4,289.5 1,013.5 126,230.8 4,517.5 38,106.8 3,046.6 2,240.0 577.5 40,346.8 3,090.3 166,577.6 5,017.8 National grasslands — — 6.0 6.4 6.0 6.4 — — — — — — 6.0 6.4 Total 121,941.3 4,453.8 4,295.5 1,013.6 126,236.9 4,517.5 38,106.8 3,046.6 2,240.0 577.5 40,346.8 3,090.3 166,583.7 5,017.8 Other federal government:

Bureau of Land Management 20,730.0 1,730.4 1,113.9 229.1 21,843.9 1,734.0 724.2 345.7 61.5 40.6 785.7 348.0 22,629.6 1,746.9

National Park Service — — — — — — 1,822.1 417.4 198.9 193.7 2,021.0 437.2 2,021.0 437.2

Other federal 136.3 99.4 — — 136.3 99.4 76.3 79.1 — — 76.3 79.1 212.6 127.0

Total 20,866.3 1,733.2 1,113.9 229.1 21,980.2 1,736.8 2,622.6 547.7 260.4 197.9 2,883.0 564.4 24,863.2 1,795.5

State and local government:

Local 680.4 253.1 — — 680.4 253.1 59.3 42.8 — — 59.3 42.8 739.7 256.6

State 6,997.4 830.2 22.9 20.8 7,020.3 830.4 711.1 347.6 — — 711.1 347.6 7,731.4 890.9

Total 7,677.8 867.8 22.9 20.8 7,700.7 868.0 770.4 350.2 — — 770.4 350.2 8,471.1 926.9

Corporate private 15,332.3 959.5 465.5 182.0 15,797.8 974.3 — — — — — — 15,797.8 974.3

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

1,283.7 310.0 — — 1,283.7 310.0 — — — — — — 1,283.7 310.0

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

212.3 114.6 9.6 9.2 222.0 114.9 — — — — — — 222.0 114.9

Native American 2,342.7 564.2 472.2 278.8 2,814.9 623.0 — — — — — — 2,814.9 623.0

Individual 6,499.8 546.3 670.4 174.0 7,170.2 569.2 — — — — — — 7,170.2 569.2

Total 10,338.6 840.8 1,152.2 328.5 11,490.8 894.1 — — — — — — 11,490.8 894.1

All private 25,670.8 1,210.6 1,617.7 374.9 27,288.6 1,252.7 — — — — — — 27,288.6 1,252.7

All owners 176,156.3 4,961.7 7,050.0 1,104.8 183,206.3 5,029.5 41,499.8 3,115.0 2,500.4 610.5 44,000.2 3,160.8 227,206.5 5,505.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated. a Includes all dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
85

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-22—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Western Oregon:

Benton 37,436.4 6,801.8 1,457.4 1,453.9 38,893.7 6,952.0 — — — — — — 38,893.7 6,952.0

Clackamas 73,755.5 7,376.5 — — 73,755.5 7,376.5 25,314.6 5,231.5 — — 25,314.6 5,231.5 99,070.1 8,124.1

Clatsop 36,490.5 5,229.9 — — 36,490.5 5,229.9 105.1 106.0 — — 105.1 106.0 36,595.6 5,230.9

Columbia 19,609.5 3,751.4 80.3 79.9 19,689.8 3,776.1 — — 18.4 21.1 18.4 21.1 19,708.2 3,775.9

Coos 73,463.7 8,777.3 380.0 276.7 73,843.7 8,777.6 1,224.8 856.3 — — 1,224.8 856.3 75,068.5 8,808.6

Curry 83,876.5 8,389.2 675.7 657.8 84,552.1 8,375.8 15,253.9 4,104.4 240.4 149.2 15,494.2 4,104.9 100,046.3 9,100.4

Douglas 285,738.8 14,603.0 2,991.6 1,139.6 288,730.4 14,604.1 14,873.7 3,958.0 1,577.8 1,014.5 16,451.6 4,064.1 305,181.9 14,771.7

Hood River 15,213.8 3,085.8 165.9 136.4 15,379.6 3,088.4 8,712.1 2,754.8 — — 8,712.1 2,754.8 24,091.7 3,984.1

Jackson 109,575.5 8,590.5 4,442.1 944.6 114,017.6 8,628.1 5,566.1 1,842.2 734.0 502.7 6,300.1 1,909.6 120,317.7 8,732.3

Josephine 71,664.9 7,198.2 1,452.2 798.9 73,117.0 7,239.7 4,114.2 1,997.9 17.7 17.8 4,131.9 1,997.9 77,248.9 7,472.4

Lane 270,438.5 14,011.1 2,928.0 1,134.6 273,366.5 13,989.4 41,149.1 7,430.6 613.7 635.3 41,762.8 7,441.0 315,129.3 14,345.7

Lincoln 60,123.4 8,269.7 205.7 151.2 60,329.0 8,272.7 3,330.7 2,726.2 — — 3,330.7 2,726.2 63,659.8 8,675.3

Linn 100,791.9 9,702.3 188.4 121.6 100,980.2 9,702.6 6,734.6 2,528.3 — — 6,734.6 2,528.3 107,714.8 9,909.1Marion 29,428.0 5,254.8 888.3 527.5 30,316.3 5,278.3 11,855.5 3,844.0 49.9 50.2 11,905.3 3,848.1 42,221.7 6,393.3

Multnomah 6,193.6 2,830.0 1.5 1.4 6,195.2 2,830.0 10,718.7 3,540.1 — — 10,718.7 3,540.1 16,913.9 4,481.9

Polk 21,745.5 4,832.1 1,208.6 845.7 22,954.1 4,897.5 — — — — — — 22,954.1 4,897.5

Tillamook 64,701.6 6,540.6 — — 64,701.6 6,540.6 326.3 338.8 — — 326.3 338.8 65,027.8 6,544.8

Washington 22,913.5 4,193.4 — — 22,913.5 4,193.4 463.5 487.2 — — 463.5 487.2 23,377.0 4,216.6

Yamhill 23,013.9 4,710.7 390.1 264.1 23,404.0 4,715.5 456.5 475.8 — — 456.5 475.8 23,860.5 4,739.5

Total 1,406,174.7 24,600.3 17,455.6 2,787.7 1,423,630.4 24,451.1 150,199.3 12,504.9 3,251.9 1,307.9 153,451.2 12,547.7 1,577,081.6 23,375.8
86

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-22—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 24,603.5 2,929.1 922.1 331.7 25,525.5 2,946.8 1,097.9 837.5 — — 1,097.9 837.5 26,623.4 3,050.1

Crook 13,224.1 1,836.9 3,941.2 499.2 17,165.3 1,903.5 1,353.3 889.3 — — 1,353.3 889.3 18,518.5 2,092.4

Deschutes 32,685.6 3,617.7 3,398.3 938.1 36,083.8 3,716.7 6,318.9 1,945.9 815.9 558.8 7,134.8 2,019.4 43,218.7 4,141.4

Grant 56,823.4 3,660.2 1,941.5 556.5 58,764.9 3,682.5 7,924.2 1,732.7 654.7 418.1 8,578.9 1,777.6 67,343.8 3,921.7

Harney 15,530.7 2,094.8 3,411.3 541.1 18,941.9 2,167.6 — — 119.9 58.0 119.9 58.0 19,061.8 2,167.9

Jefferson 10,726.9 2,042.4 1,625.2 431.5 12,352.1 2,076.4 2,299.2 1,193.6 — — 2,299.2 1,193.6 14,651.3 2,388.8

Klamath 89,955.2 5,726.9 5,701.3 1,237.0 95,656.5 5,818.2 33,974.8 4,390.9 3,780.9 1,838.9 37,755.7 4,620.9 133,412.2 6,716.3

Lake 40,180.6 3,595.8 3,155.4 555.4 43,336.0 3,627.1 1,252.0 1,011.1 455.7 285.2 1,707.7 1,050.5 45,043.7 3,755.7Malheur 101.5 71.0 806.8 274.9 908.3 283.9 — — — — — — 908.3 283.9

Morrow 5,889.1 1,205.6 262.2 269.8 6,151.4 1,233.5 — — — — — — 6,151.4 1,233.5

Umatilla 19,712.8 2,372.7 509.8 416.9 20,222.6 2,407.1 696.3 457.2 — — 696.3 457.2 20,918.9 2,447.4

Union 27,521.8 2,924.0 117.6 88.7 27,639.4 2,924.4 4,974.4 1,522.6 67.4 64.1 5,041.8 1,524.0 32,681.2 3,258.0

Wallowa 22,681.8 2,721.1 64.0 60.9 22,745.9 2,721.6 19,458.3 2,979.6 345.9 211.8 19,804.2 2,985.0 42,550.0 3,959.0

Wasco 27,675.2 4,217.8 3,136.6 877.0 30,811.8 4,287.6 314.7 316.4 — — 314.7 316.4 31,126.5 4,298.0

Wheeler 8,441.0 1,551.4 1,084.0 213.0 9,525.0 1,569.2 227.9 229.1 — — 227.9 229.1 9,752.9 1,585.7

Total 395,753.0 9,024.6 30,077.3 2,173.3 425,830.4 9,021.0 79,891.8 6,299.1 6,240.4 1,997.8 86,132.2 6,484.4 511,962.6 9,372.5

All counties 1,801,927.8 26,126.2 47,533.0 3,533.6 1,849,460.7 25,977.0 230,091.2 14,000.5 9,492.3 2,387.9 239,583.4 14,122.8 2,089,044.2 25,080.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
87

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-23–Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Western Oregon:

Benton 1,523.9 434.7 56.4 56.3 1,580.3 438.0 — — — — — — 1,580.3 438.0

Clackamas 7,695.7 1,171.2 — — 7,695.7 1,171.2 3,485.2 913.9 — — 3,485.2 913.9 11,180.9 1,389.2

Clatsop 2,862.5 506.1 — — 2,862.5 506.1 — — — — — — 2,862.5 506.1Columbia 740.0 200.0 14.6 14.5 754.5 203.4 — — — — — — 754.5 203.4

Coos 4,694.5 900.5 17.2 12.4 4,711.7 900.4 84.8 79.5 — — 84.8 79.5 4,796.5 903.8

Curry 6,929.7 1,227.0 980.2 711.6 7,909.8 1,395.0 2,019.0 778.9 745.8 381.8 2,764.8 864.0 10,674.7 1,616.3

Douglas 22,981.5 1,943.1 606.5 379.5 23,588.0 1,973.4 2,883.4 1,350.9 119.3 80.2 3,002.7 1,352.0 26,590.6 2,335.2

Hood River 1,932.1 669.9 2.6 2.7 1,934.7 669.9 2,055.7 795.9 — — 2,055.7 795.9 3,990.3 1,026.4

Jackson 12,647.9 1,473.3 891.3 264.3 13,539.2 1,494.1 625.9 330.8 35.2 28.0 661.1 332.0 14,200.3 1,524.5Josephine 11,566.7 2,106.4 510.0 279.8 12,076.7 2,120.8 842.9 418.1 55.4 55.6 898.3 421.5 12,975.0 2,154.4

Lane 23,585.8 2,097.4 429.5 212.2 24,015.3 2,100.4 4,816.8 883.8 98.7 102.1 4,915.5 887.2 28,930.8 2,155.3

Lincoln 3,756.6 616.5 — — 3,756.6 616.5 446.0 359.4 — — 446.0 359.4 4,202.5 709.1

Linn 11,691.7 1,513.8 2.1 1.8 11,693.8 1,513.8 1,171.4 443.5 — — 1,171.4 443.5 12,865.2 1,552.8

Marion 2,763.4 621.1 210.2 154.5 2,973.6 638.0 2,254.4 883.8 1.3 1.3 2,255.7 884.1 5,229.2 1,065.4Multnomah 942.1 715.4 — — 942.1 715.4 2,015.7 862.8 — — 2,015.7 862.8 2,957.8 1,112.6

Polk 1,490.2 664.6 21.4 17.9 1,511.5 664.8 — — — — — — 1,511.5 664.8

Tillamook 6,194.5 936.1 — — 6,194.5 936.1 29.7 30.9 — — 29.7 30.9 6,224.2 936.3

Washington 1,090.2 278.4 — — 1,090.2 278.4 10.9 11.5 — — 10.9 11.5 1,101.1 278.6

Yamhill 1,277.4 354.1 — — 1,277.4 354.1 — — — — — — 1,277.4 354.1

Total 126,366.2 4,383.5 3,741.9 930.2 130,108.1 4,432.2 22,741.8 2,510.7 1,055.7 407.7 23,797.5 2,538.3 153,905.6 4,712.5
88

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-23–Aboveground biomass of dead treesa on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 2,322.6 417.5 242.4 188.8 2,564.9 456.8 638.9 443.0 — — 638.9 443.0 3,203.8 630.2

Crook 2,329.6 530.8 203.6 60.3 2,533.2 534.3 939.5 584.3 — — 939.5 584.3 3,472.6 788.9

Deschutes 3,460.0 736.6 617.3 313.5 4,077.4 797.0 942.2 331.6 507.4 309.8 1,449.7 451.5 5,527.0 905.3

Grant 9,492.1 1,016.4 306.6 260.3 9,798.8 1,044.1 2,529.6 621.1 139.7 90.1 2,669.3 626.9 12,468.1 1,189.7

Harney 897.0 231.4 191.5 66.1 1,088.5 241.1 — — — — — — 1,088.5 241.1

Jefferson 3,086.7 745.0 399.6 270.5 3,486.2 789.4 1,118.8 769.3 — — 1,118.8 769.3 4,605.0 1,099.1

Klamath 7,778.5 1,071.9 435.8 155.1 8,214.3 1,081.0 5,338.0 894.0 592.3 294.2 5,930.2 926.8 14,144.5 1,400.4

Lake 5,079.8 767.1 338.8 101.8 5,418.6 778.8 303.6 219.7 39.3 31.0 342.9 221.9 5,761.5 806.7

Malheur 22.1 22.4 65.4 36.0 87.5 42.4 — — — — — — 87.5 42.4

Morrow 1,178.5 474.7 94.7 97.4 1,273.2 484.2 — — — — — — 1,273.2 484.2

Umatilla 4,485.5 940.2 158.2 144.4 4,643.7 950.1 136.1 111.5 — — 136.1 111.5 4,779.8 955.6Union 2,989.9 494.0 2.5 2.5 2,992.3 493.9 1,115.4 402.1 — — 1,115.4 402.1 4,107.8 630.8

Wallowa 2,976.1 575.9 53.7 51.1 3,029.8 578.1 5,204.2 879.7 166.1 126.1 5,370.3 887.8 8,400.0 1,043.3

Wasco 2,365.4 530.9 183.7 76.3 2,549.1 535.8 242.7 244.0 — — 242.7 244.0 2,791.8 587.9

Wheeler 1,326.4 372.6 14.4 14.7 1,340.8 372.9 249.1 250.4 — — 249.1 250.4 1,589.9 449.0

Total 49,790.1 2,332.3 3,308.1 596.1 53,098.2 2,385.3 18,758.0 1,843.8 1,444.7 454.4 20,202.7 1,883.6 73,301.0 2,854.2

All counties 176,156.3 4,961.7 7,050.0 1,104.8 183,206.3 5,029.5 41,499.8 3,115.0 2,500.4 610.5 44,000.2 3,160.8 227,206.5 5,505.7

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
89

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-24—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest 

Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 144.06 3.57 139.75 5.12 117.49 7.01 62.68 2.52 72.57 3.97 65.81 2.13 109.95 1.90

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 85.56 2.63 133.47 10.90 75.75 11.90 32.07 2.85 48.79 6.30 37.80 3.00 79.71 2.31

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 179.35 11.64 130.59 23.59 142.85 22.37 109.94 8.69 105.04 16.61 108.86 7.73 142.02 6.83

Lodgepole pine 33.65 1.38 41.53 6.61 26.31 9.53 17.64 1.69 34.01 6.33 21.48 2.09 31.71 1.20

Ponderosa pine 39.14 1.12 53.59 8.74 54.44 7.16 21.74 1.40 29.18 2.18 25.26 1.29 35.63 0.92

Western juniper 14.29 1.32 8.30 0.58 7.33 1.45 9.96 2.02 6.93 0.47 7.28 0.48 8.72 0.38

Western larch 58.29 7.04 — — — — 7.11 3.33 15.34 1.16 10.79 2.53 49.61 6.62

Other western softwoods 20.90 5.79 59.05 59.05 — — 24.33 0.00 2.60 1.26 7.47 4.99 21.05 5.33

Total 86.24 1.38 83.90 3.27 102.75 6.13 52.28 1.78 43.31 2.04 48.57 1.31 74.01 0.95

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 82.44 8.47 55.51 9.01 79.80 6.69 69.61 5.83 56.61 4.35 62.96 3.66 68.07 3.00

Aspen/birch 16.17 4.37 9.16 3.78 — — 15.67 15.67 42.31 19.75 30.13 12.60 18.11 5.05

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 76.61 76.61 108.42 108.42 11.23 5.22 48.53 17.65 42.14 14.82 45.75 14.42

Tanoak/laurel 70.65 11.14 70.99 22.61 — — 84.89 13.05 62.79 11.43 75.04 9.04 72.25 7.25

Western oak 44.13 7.61 45.11 8.32 35.14 13.04 41.96 11.38 36.29 3.86 38.04 4.43 40.29 3.41

Woodland hardwoods 15.46 2.45 8.95 3.85 — — 7.48 2.93 17.91 2.53 15.60 2.40 13.60 1.75

Other hardwoods 18.42 6.25 78.59 12.89 47.21 12.83 66.51 13.19 43.02 7.33 51.19 6.86 51.11 5.19

Total 59.09 5.65 51.14 5.88 69.22 6.14 63.80 4.64 46.83 2.72 53.80 2.53 55.89 2.14

Nonstocked 2.18 0.39 0.74 0.43 11.58 7.53 1.25 0.42 3.76 1.37 2.39 0.68 2.48 0.45

All forest types 81.95 1.32 78.63 2.94 93.03 4.99 51.87 1.63 42.60 1.63 47.74 1.13 69.67 0.85

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
90

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-25—Average aboveground biomass per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Tons per acre Softwoods: Douglas-fir 15.86 0.79 10.42 0.96 7.96 0.91 2.74 0.23 3.11 0.36 2.86 0.20 9.29 0.36 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 16.31 0.71 14.77 2.26 3.98 2.47 2.11 0.37 6.54 1.82 3.62 0.71 14.01 0.61 Hemlock/Sitka spruce 28.63 3.33 20.37 5.51 11.59 3.35 6.49 0.92 6.81 2.10 6.56 0.85 16.99 1.67

Lodgepole pine 5.12 0.52 4.76 1.85 0.12 0.09 0.72 0.27 1.65 0.47 0.94 0.24 4.26 0.42

Ponderosa pine 3.72 0.32 3.56 1.17 1.51 0.97 0.98 0.21 1.68 0.30 1.31 0.18 2.97 0.22Western juniper 0.95 0.26 0.58 0.10 — — 0.04 0.03 0.22 0.06 0.20 0.06 0.47 0.06Western larch 14.40 3.40 — — — — 1.55 0.77 — — 0.86 0.54 11.93 2.94

Western white pine 12.24 8.03 — — — — — — — — — — 12.24 8.03

Other western softwoods 10.06 4.84 6.46 0.00 — — — — — — — — 6.56 2.96

Total 11.42 0.35 6.74 0.51 6.88 0.75 2.45 0.16 2.25 0.21 2.37 0.13 7.65 0.20

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 12.71 2.78 2.82 0.92 9.91 2.43 4.55 0.70 3.05 0.63 3.79 0.48 5.98 0.68

Aspen/birch 1.57 0.57 0.40 0.30 — — — — 6.04 3.10 3.28 2.31 1.70 0.78

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 1.86 1.02 1.54 0.86 1.44 0.82

Tanoak/laurel 22.71 4.34 7.55 3.39 — — 7.15 1.92 3.64 1.17 5.58 1.21 15.21 2.60Western oak 9.75 2.93 6.09 1.43 0.90 0.46 3.52 0.80 3.01 0.57 3.17 0.47 4.66 0.64

Woodland hardwoods 2.14 1.09 1.45 0.63 — — 1.41 0.52 3.88 1.31 3.33 1.07 2.40 0.60

Other hardwoods 10.21 4.30 6.88 2.60 5.62 3.74 3.24 1.10 3.63 0.83 3.49 0.67 5.49 1.06

Total 15.40 2.17 5.33 0.95 7.81 1.86 4.45 0.51 3.17 0.34 3.70 0.29 6.95 0.60

Nonstocked 14.91 3.26 3.23 2.26 5.08 3.19 0.83 0.26 0.55 0.22 0.70 0.18 7.91 1.67

All forest types 11.75 0.35 6.52 0.46 7.03 0.69 2.64 0.15 2.39 0.17 2.53 0.11 7.58 0.18

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Includes all dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
91

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-26—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 137.91 2.15 36.40 1.64 7.96 0.72 109.95 1.90

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 90.97 2.46 34.67 4.67 12.74 1.30 79.71 2.31

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 159.17 6.93 48.17 7.87 9.88 3.13 142.02 6.83

Lodgepole pine 45.80 2.11 36.83 2.25 17.80 1.20 31.71 1.20

Ponderosa pine 40.16 1.02 15.96 1.49 9.87 1.10 35.63 0.92

Western juniper 11.08 0.48 4.67 0.72 2.60 0.26 8.72 0.38

Western larch 69.07 7.68 47.88 6.28 12.35 2.08 49.61 6.62

Other western softwoods 27.51 8.15 18.57 9.25 9.32 3.31 21.05 5.33

Total 92.66 1.16 30.57 1.13 10.13 0.46 74.01 0.95

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 87.97 3.44 45.97 3.36 10.98 2.51 68.07 3.00

Aspen/birch 83.25 0.00 21.09 2.16 10.24 2.84 18.11 5.05

Elm/ash/cottonwood 70.50 22.52 39.17 9.40 7.57 2.02 45.75 14.42

Tanoak/laurel 145.29 11.01 84.63 8.15 6.06 1.72 72.25 7.25

Western oak 71.90 6.77 29.22 2.58 11.14 2.00 40.29 3.41

Woodland hardwoods 16.93 2.07 3.89 3.06 6.76 2.41 13.60 1.75

Other hardwoods 81.24 8.26 70.02 8.51 11.06 2.00 51.11 5.19

Total 86.60 3.29 47.96 2.76 9.18 0.92 55.89 2.14

Nonstocked — — — — — — 2.48 0.45

All forest types 92.22 1.09 35.45 1.16 9.97 0.41 69.67 0.85

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes. Aboveground 

biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
92

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-27—Average aboveground biomass per acre of dead treesa on forest land, by forest type group and 

stand size class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Stand size class

Large-diameter 

stands

Medium-diameter 

stands

Small-diameter 

stands All classes

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 11.25 0.44 1.95 0.34 3.76 0.98 9.29 0.36

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 15.40 0.66 3.31 0.81 8.11 1.83 14.01 0.61

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 18.87 1.85 3.99 2.16 3.82 1.40 16.99 1.67

Lodgepole pine 4.71 0.61 4.40 0.72 3.83 0.74 4.26 0.42

Ponderosa pine 3.12 0.24 1.21 0.33 2.70 0.74 2.97 0.22

Western juniper 0.55 0.08 0.42 0.18 0.20 0.08 0.47 0.06

Western larch 15.35 4.30 5.76 1.51 6.08 2.51 11.93 2.94

Western white pine 23.67 12.67 — — 1.14 0.79 12.24 8.03

Other western softwoods 8.84 4.60 — — 5.68 3.67 6.56 2.96

Total 9.14 0.24 2.34 0.24 3.59 0.45 7.65 0.20

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 7.34 0.90 3.31 0.70 4.56 2.56 5.98 0.68

Aspen/birch 12.42 0.00 1.84 0.56 0.58 0.26 1.70 0.78

Elm/ash/cottonwood 2.38 1.34 — — 0.29 0.21 1.44 0.82

Tanoak/laurel 10.74 1.49 6.71 1.53 23.03 5.54 15.21 2.60

Western oak 4.29 0.72 4.52 0.86 5.49 2.00 4.66 0.64

Woodland hardwoods 2.51 0.72 1.33 0.58 2.46 1.38 2.40 0.60

Other hardwoods 6.27 2.02 4.64 0.98 5.59 2.16 5.49 1.06

Total 6.66 0.55 4.33 0.46 10.35 2.00 6.95 0.60

Nonstocked — — — — — — 7.91 1.67

All forest types 8.96 0.23 2.90 0.22 4.75 0.51 7.58 0.18

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was 

estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Includes all dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory. Aboveground biomass is 

estimated from ground to actual height, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-28—Aboveground carbon massa of live treesb on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand megagrams

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 428,693.4 9,046.9 6,132.8 959.7 434,826.2 8,992.7 88,889.8 5,887.2 3,327.2 889.5 92,217.1 5,934.0 527,043.2 8,505.8

National grasslands — — 51.1 28.1 51.1 28.1 — — — — — — 51.1 28.1

Total 428,693.4 9,046.9 6,183.9 959.9 434,877.3 8,992.4 88,889.8 5,887.2 3,327.2 889.5 92,217.1 5,934.0 527,094.4 8,505.5

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land Management 118,563.9 5,530.7 5,853.6 684.7 124,417.5 5,513.4 3,658.5 1,150.3 264.8 124.7 3,923.3 1,157.0 128,340.8 5,430.8

National Park Service — — — — — — 6,167.7 1,034.2 705.4 605.3 6,873.0 1,100.0 6,873.0 1,100.0

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 165.3 117.2 8.3 9.6 173.7 117.6 173.7 117.6

Other federal 484.5 345.0 — — 484.5 345.0 230.2 238.5 — — 230.2 238.5 714.7 419.4

Total 119,048.4 5,541.1 5,853.6 684.7 124,902.0 5,523.8 10,221.7 1,569.5 978.5 618.1 11,200.1 1,618.4 136,102.1 5,450.1

State and local government:

Local 3,905.0 1,112.7 129.0 72.1 4,034.0 1,115.4 1,050.8 680.7 — — 1,050.8 680.7 5,084.8 1,305.1

State 41,218.5 3,273.0 344.5 158.6 41,563.0 3,276.7 4,207.1 1,676.2 — — 4,207.1 1,676.2 45,770.1 3,589.8Other public 9.0 9.2 — — 9.0 9.2 — — — — — — 9.0 9.2

Total 45,132.6 3,443.6 473.4 174.2 45,606.0 3,447.8 5,257.8 1,809.2 — — 5,257.8 1,809.2 50,863.9 3,806.6

Corporate private 138,666.7 5,302.2 2,119.4 723.1 140,786.1 5,327.6 — — — — — — 140,786.1 5,327.6

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

8,150.5 1,598.1 — — 8,150.5 1,598.1 — — — — — — 8,150.5 1,598.1

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

1,196.0 642.6 54.8 36.5 1,250.8 643.6 — — — — — — 1,250.8 643.6

Native American 9,893.3 1,583.1 665.2 323.2 10,558.5 1,600.7 — — — — — — 10,558.5 1,600.7

Individual 66,573.5 3,838.4 6,210.5 735.7 72,784.0 3,873.4 — — — — — — 72,784.0 3,873.4

Total 85,813.3 4,393.0 6,930.6 802.6 92,743.9 4,421.9 — — — — — — 92,743.9 4,421.9

All private 224,480.0 5,887.9 9,050.0 1,074.2 233,530.0 5,874.7 — — — — — — 233,530.0 5,874.7

All owners 817,354.4 11,850.8 21,561.0 1,602.9 838,915.4 11,783.2 104,369.3 6,350.6 4,305.7 1,083.1 108,675.0 6,406.1 947,590.4 11,376.4

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 megagrams was estimated.a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate because of rounding. b Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
94

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-29—Aboveground carbon massa of dead treesb on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land Ownership Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand megagrams USDA Forest Service: National forest 55,312.6 2,020.2 1,945.7 459.7 57,258.3 2,049.1 17,285.2 1,381.9 1,016.1 261.9 18,301.3 1,401.8 75,559.6 2,276.1 National grasslands — — 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.9 — — — — — — 2.7 2.9 Total 55,312.6 2,020.2 1,948.5 459.7 57,261.0 2,049.1 17,285.2 1,381.9 1,016.1 261.9 18,301.3 1,401.8 75,562.4 2,276.1 Other federal government: Bureau of Land Management 9,403.1 784.9 505.2 103.9 9,908.4 786.5 328.5 156.8 27.9 18.4 356.4 157.9 10,264.8 792.4

National Park Service — — — — — — 826.5 189.3 90.2 87.9 916.7 198.3 916.7 198.3Other federal 61.8 45.1 — — 61.8 45.1 34.6 35.9 — — 34.6 35.9 96.4 57.6

Total 9,465.0 786.2 505.2 103.9 9,970.2 787.8 1,189.6 248.4 118.1 89.8 1,307.7 256.0 11,277.9 814.5

State and local government:

Local 308.6 114.8 — — 308.6 114.8 26.9 19.4 — — 26.9 19.4 335.5 116.4

State 3,174.0 376.6 10.4 9.4 3,184.4 376.7 322.6 157.7 — — 322.6 157.7 3,507.0 404.1

Total 3,482.7 393.6 10.4 9.4 3,493.0 393.7 349.5 158.9 — — 349.5 158.9 3,842.5 420.5

Corporate private 6,954.7 435.2 211.2 82.5 7,165.9 441.9 — — — — — — 7,165.9 441.9

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

582.3 140.6 — — 582.3 140.6 — — — — — — 582.3 140.6

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

96.3 52.0 4.4 4.2 100.7 52.1 — — — — — — 100.7 52.1

Native American 1,062.6 255.9 214.2 126.5 1,276.8 282.6 — — — — — — 1,276.8 282.6

Individual 2,948.3 247.8 304.1 78.9 3,252.4 258.2 — — — — — — 3,252.4 258.2

Total 4,689.6 381.4 522.6 149.0 5,212.2 405.6 — — — — — — 5,212.2 405.6

All private 11,644.3 549.1 733.8 170.1 12,378.1 568.2 — — — — — — 12,378.1 568.2

All owners 79,904.5 2,250.6 3,197.9 501.1 83,102.4 2,281.4 18,824.3 1,413.0 1,134.2 276.9 19,958.5 1,433.7 103,060.9 2,497.4

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 megagrams was estimated.a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert megagrams of carbon to tons of biomass by multiplying by 2.204586. The result will be approximate because of rounding.b Includes all dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
95

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-30—Average aboveground carbon massa per hectare of live treesb on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010

Ownership group

Private

USDA Forest Service Other federal

State and local 

government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Kilograms per hectare

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 161,469.55 3,996.68 156,646.54 5,738.40 131,689.36 7,851.92 70,251.57 2,823.40 81,342.42 4,452.01 73,766.17 2,384.84 123,240.02 2,131.22

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 95,899.36 2,951.25 149,597.71 12,213.17 84,908.76 13,343.33 35,947.18 3,193.23 54,683.59 7,062.38 42,364.98 3,359.36 89,347.76 2,591.81

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 201,022.50 13,050.91 146,368.96 26,438.85 160,121.56 25,069.27 123,224.89 9,741.41 117,732.47 18,615.84 122,013.00 8,661.24 159,190.73 7,652.57

Lodgepole pine 37,718.98 1,542.21 46,548.02 7,403.68 29,492.53 10,683.36 19,777.64 1,892.31 38,120.32 7,096.65 24,076.15 2,343.49 35,543.03 1,343.23

Ponderosa pine 43,874.88 1,254.94 60,064.35 9,794.31 61,016.73 8,029.65 24,364.88 1,565.12 32,710.00 2,438.75 28,310.18 1,444.38 39,940.23 1,032.82

Western juniper 16,019.44 1,478.94 9,306.38 648.83 8,220.21 1,626.99 11,160.99 2,265.39 7,762.42 527.14 8,154.72 539.60 9,776.51 430.38

Western larch 65,339.55 7,891.81 — — — — 7,968.18 3,729.92 17,189.50 1,295.35 12,092.29 2,839.42 55,611.35 7,421.92

Other western softwoods 23,421.00 6,485.78 66,182.92 66,182.92 — — 27,267.33 27,267.33 2,911.24 1,408.93 8,371.28 5,592.61 23,590.21 5,971.10

Total 96,660.22 1,552.08 94,040.63 3,667.98 115,169.74 6,868.87 58,598.91 1,997.45 48,540.74 2,290.70 54,438.73 1,468.98 82,955.55 1,061.62

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 92,405.63 9,498.08 62,221.05 10,093.66 89,443.94 7,495.29 78,018.71 6,536.51 63,450.18 4,875.89 70,564.88 4,097.11 76,298.22 3,358.24

Aspen/birch 18,123.01 4,896.93 10,262.36 4,234.35 — — 17,561.46 17,561.46 47,422.28 22,140.27 33,775.82 14,119.49 20,300.00 5,659.99

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — 85,874.79 85,874.79 121,529.92 121,529.92 12,591.37 5,849.70 54,399.92 19,781.51 47,231.48 16,614.25 51,282.79 16,161.14

Tanoak/laurel 79,187.17 12,483.13 79,572.22 25,347.06 — — 95,145.57 14,630.88 70,373.83 12,816.93 84,106.30 10,133.95 80,980.38 8,128.92

Western oak 49,469.27 8,525.46 50,567.76 9,322.35 39,392.02 14,620.44 47,034.16 12,757.92 40,681.55 4,331.67 42,643.14 4,963.38 45,163.88 3,821.77

Woodland hardwoods 17,330.99 2,749.76 10,026.63 4,312.18 — — 8,384.83 3,284.70 20,074.21 2,832.20 17,484.02 2,686.27 15,240.17 1,960.55

Other hardwoods 20,644.00 7,003.86 88,083.81 14,448.31 52,919.33 14,383.92 74,553.04 14,781.08 48,214.88 8,212.13 57,379.01 7,685.41 57,288.40 5,817.46

Total 66,230.97 6,328.99 57,317.80 6,592.82 77,581.31 6,879.77 71,512.10 5,204.93 52,484.72 3,043.36 60,298.64 2,833.15 62,645.33 2,395.97

Nonstocked 2,442.92 434.31 832.03 482.82 12,982.82 8,437.92 1,404.15 465.74 4,209.60 1,537.49 2,676.45 760.85 2,781.08 504.51All forest types 91,854.80 1,474.84 88,139.19 3,298.89 104,270.81 5,598.57 58,135.28 1,825.48 47,752.55 1,824.84 53,514.37 1,262.79 78,092.55 951.50

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 kilograms per hectare was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.

a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, 

and converting to metric units. Convert kilograms per hectare of carbon to tons per acre of biomass by multiplying by .00089. The result will be approximate because of rounding.

b Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
96

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-31—Average aboveground carbon massa per hectare of dead treesb on forest land, by forest type group and ownership group, Oregon, 2001–2010 Ownership group Private USDA Forest Service Other federal State and local government Corporate Noncorporate All private All owners Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Kilograms per hectare Softwoods: Douglas-fir 17,779.21 889.71 11,681.95 1,073.88 8,923.57 1,020.30 3,070.38 259.38 3,481.17 408.71 3,200.56 219.17 10,412.66 404.43 Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 18,279.95 799.90 16,552.66 2,530.02 4,458.11 2,770.60 2,361.07 416.76 7,326.95 2,040.86 4,062.04 790.53 15,703.97 679.87

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 32,085.51 3,729.37 22,827.64 6,174.66 12,989.64 3,755.52 7,279.27 1,026.44 7,637.35 2,354.85 7,358.28 954.07 19,043.93 1,870.14

Lodgepole pine 5,738.74 586.31 5,334.05 2,076.79 130.67 98.74 807.17 304.52 1,848.85 527.52 1,051.28 268.81 4,774.91 466.01Ponderosa pine 4,167.45 353.15 3,991.69 1,306.50 1,687.68 1,082.02 1,101.17 234.04 1,884.29 338.00 1,471.40 203.18 3,325.75 245.77

Western juniper 1,065.32 288.11 655.18 112.13 — — 49.90 29.78 251.52 71.61 228.25 63.65 524.30 69.51

Western larch 16,140.14 3,811.83 — — — — 1,735.28 862.20 — — 959.20 603.63 13,366.60 3,300.68

Other western softwoods 12,309.60 4,984.28 7,243.40 7,243.40 — — — — — — — — 9,251.18 3,694.68

Total 12,796.37 387.54 7,556.02 576.99 7,714.91 842.35 2,741.95 183.73 2,523.34 235.86 2,651.53 144.96 8,569.14 218.94

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 14,245.25 3,116.44 3,157.55 1,030.59 11,103.19 2,718.54 5,105.26 783.36 3,420.06 708.45 4,243.04 533.06 6,698.67 759.12

Aspen/birch 1,754.25 640.38 452.97 338.93 — — — — 6,767.53 3,472.09 3,674.76 2,592.17 1,903.88 872.47

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — 2,088.38 1,145.83 1,730.31 968.91 1,618.47 914.02

Tanoak/laurel 25,453.89 4,867.98 8,465.83 3,795.00 — — 8,008.64 2,146.56 4,084.20 1,307.63 6,259.76 1,356.35 17,051.47 2,911.01

Western oak 10,927.75 3,278.98 6,831.67 1,601.34 1,006.41 512.06 3,940.17 900.29 3,374.50 635.66 3,549.17 521.25 5,228.17 715.11

Woodland hardwoods 2,403.94 1,218.72 1,624.97 705.66 — — 1,579.06 579.77 4,348.56 1,466.34 3,734.88 1,199.14 2,692.98 667.19

Other hardwoods 11,445.57 4,817.26 7,711.90 2,918.31 6,302.05 4,195.27 3,636.53 1,238.18 4,063.39 932.40 3,914.87 747.75 6,148.30 1,192.72

Total 17,260.24 2,437.30 5,974.64 1,069.72 8,752.86 2,080.70 4,987.17 569.61 3,553.65 377.44 4,142.35 323.78 7,786.17 667.05

Nonstocked 16,716.62 3,655.42 3,624.45 2,535.66 5,697.77 3,578.11 932.27 292.12 614.58 248.50 788.20 197.36 8,865.81 1,871.13

All forest types 13,167.97 395.31 7,303.54 518.11 7,877.11 772.79 2,959.04 171.59 2,683.69 194.47 2,836.49 128.15 8,493.42 207.13

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 kilograms per hectare was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a Total aboveground carbon mass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated by applying a factor of 0.5 to aboveground biomass estimated from regional biomass equations, and converting to metric units. Convert kilograms per hectare of carbon to tons per acre of biomass by multiplying by .00089. The result will be approximate because of rounding.b Includes all dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height; smaller dead trees were not measured in this inventory.
97

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-32—Volume of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and down wood diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classa Coarse-wood size classb

0.1–.24 0.25–0.9 1.0–2.9 3.0–9.0 10.0–19.0 ≥ 20.0 All down wood

Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 125.1 3.1 698.4 17.8 2,161.2 71.7 2,618.1 68.3 5,983.2 157.0 12,812.9 466.8 24,398.9 619.3

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 

31.1 1.5 232.8 10.9 757.2 36.1 1,313.8 65.2 2,832.4 140.5 2,761.0 191.3 7,928.3 357.8

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 11.7 1.2 79.0 12.6 186.5 21.6 318.0 31.1 890.0 80.3 2,390.3 305.7 3,875.5 391.1

Lodgepole pine 10.6 0.7 108.3 7.1 402.6 27.1 1,031.8 73.1 899.3 71.3 271.4 33.3 2,724.1 166.7

Ponderosa pine 12.6 0.6 185.2 7.4 649.8 27.5 897.0 38.9 1,172.2 59.3 1,327.3 95.0 4,244.1 176.1

Western juniper 3.9 0.3 41.1 3.2 140.9 38.5 49.6 6.0 101.5 13.1 92.8 22.2 429.7 57.7

Western larch 1.0 0.2 11.0 2.4 40.7 8.7 121.7 25.3 161.3 37.1 47.7 15.9 383.3 77.4

Other western softwoods 0.2 0.1 2.2 0.7 5.4 1.8 8.8 2.8 21.9 9.6 53.8 31.0 92.2 41.0

Total 196.2 3.4 1,358.1 23.3 4,344.2 90.4 6,358.8 113.3 12,061.7 211.2 19,757.1 561.3 44,076.1 731.0

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 8.6 0.8 75.2 7.2 192.3 17.6 209.3 18.2 498.8 48.8 1,370.0 172.0 2,354.0 223.3

Aspen/birch 0.1 0.1 1.8 0.7 7.2 3.2 10.4 4.2 15.3 6.6 3.4 2.3 38.2 14.5

Elm/ash/cottonwood 0.7 0.3 5.4 2.6 5.6 2.5 5.5 2.2 7.5 3.3 1.7 1.7 26.5 8.8

Tanoak/laurel 6.4 0.8 42.5 8.0 111.8 15.3 124.6 17.6 206.2 29.4 448.7 84.3 940.1 126.6

Western oak 3.7 0.5 25.1 3.2 82.5 12.0 81.7 10.1 128.1 19.2 123.9 29.6 445.0 58.7

Woodland hardwoods 0.6 0.2 5.7 1.3 19.0 4.6 15.4 4.3 37.1 16.9 28.4 12.7 106.2 28.3

Other hardwoods 2.8 0.5 19.2 2.7 67.4 11.8 88.5 16.5 115.9 18.1 169.0 48.3 462.8 79.5

Total 22.9 1.3 174.8 11.7 485.7 28.5 535.4 32.0 1,008.8 63.9 2,145.1 198.4 4,372.7 272.7

Nonstocked 5.6 1.1 67.8 22.6 214.3 30.0 204.9 22.2 306.5 39.5 301.6 54.8 1,100.7 126.4All forest types 224.7 3.5 1,600.8 32.6 5,044.2 93.5 7,099.0 114.0 13,377.0 213.1 22,203.7 579.2 49,549.4 734.2

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19 and 20 actually represent 0.4 inches above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
98

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-33—Biomass of down wooda on forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Ownership group U.S. Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land All forest land Forest type group Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Thousand tons Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 63,236.6 2,663.6 8,683.1 1,162.1 26,123.0 1,724.3 433.1 168.1 13,231.4 1,604.4 574.5 277.4 58,277.4 2,358.7 179.5 162.1 170,738.6 4,159.2

Fir/spruce/mountain 

hemlock 

34,530.5 2,101.9 14,088.0 1,393.4 1,234.7 393.4 1,451.0 380.9 452.2 263.0 51.6 54.2 7,773.6 929.8 277.8 212.2 59,859.4 2,675.2

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 10,819.0 1,923.5 2,974.1 1,000.7 1,732.6 574.7 23.8 24.6 2,260.9 880.8 129.8 86.9 9,078.9 1,306.6 — — 27,019.0 2,709.4

Lodgepole pine 17,124.1 1,307.5 3,061.9 559.3 225.9 101.0 767.3 261.5 78.8 51.6 2.0 2.0 3,293.5 581.1 140.4 73.8 24,693.8 1,545.5

Ponderosa pine 23,489.7 1,225.6 924.9 234.3 1,144.3 269.0 103.1 80.0 282.1 118.8 — — 8,356.1 621.7 251.7 131.2 34,551.8 1,420.0

Western juniper 568.3 146.2 465.3 201.9 201.3 119.1 1,699.0 491.2 11.0 12.2 38.0 19.0 290.4 96.4 989.0 162.2 4,262.4 592.3

Western larch 1,763.1 477.8 958.8 329.2 — — — — — — — — 406.9 233.5 — — 3,128.8 622.2

Other western softwoods 467.6 325.1 79.9 38.4 — — 84.1 79.1 — — — — 64.5 68.9 16.2 10.1 712.3 343.9

Total 151,998.9 3,739.1 31,236.0 2,137.9 30,661.9 1,784.2 4,561.4 652.4 16,316.3 1,753.7 795.9 295.8 87,541.1 2,697.5 1,854.7 344.7 324,966.0 5,104.4

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 3,022.7 677.3 68.2 49.1 628.7 248.1 2.1 2.1 3,445.2 790.2 39.7 38.4 8,561.8 1,058.3 106.4 62.7 15,874.8 1,502.6Aspen/birch 78.3 64.5 2.7 2.9 — — 108.5 55.7 — — — — 105.9 71.2 — — 295.6 111.1

Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — — — 20.0 20.9 174.4 67.7 46.1 39.8 240.6 81.2

Tanoak/laurel 3,093.5 737.1 482.9 124.9 1,056.3 472.9 — — — — — — 2,995.0 561.0 — — 7,627.7 1,044.2

Western oak 476.3 174.0 238.3 108.3 735.0 195.5 178.8 85.7 72.7 44.5 79.6 58.7 1,300.8 334.5 1,059.7 239.8 4,141.3 508.3

Woodland hardwoods 149.6 75.3 190.2 96.2 12.8 12.9 164.0 89.9 — — — — 286.8 151.8 92.2 58.2 895.5 222.6

Other hardwoods 382.5 161.8 140.2 68.3 782.4 287.8 76.4 46.7 242.5 119.3 — — 1,945.0 439.7 82.4 41.5 3,651.4 568.2

Total 7,202.9 1,017.2 1,122.4 206.2 3,215.2 634.4 529.9 145.7 3,760.4 800.1 139.4 73.2 15,369.7 1,329.4 1,386.9 259.2 32,726.8 1,970.7

Nonstocked 2,742.4 454.6 1,206.9 414.0 4.6 2.9 287.1 142.5 431.3 233.5 — — 5,203.6 912.9 42.4 29.3 9,918.4 1,131.4

All forest types 161,944.2 3,766.7 33,565.4 2,180.9 33,881.7 1,819.0 5,378.3 679.7 20,508.0 1,844.1 935.2 305.1 108,114.4 2,863.9 3,284.0 432.7 367,611.2 5,154.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated; for details on DWM biomass calculation see FIA Methods and Design Supplement.

a Includes down wood with diameters ≥ 0.1 inch.
99

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-34—Biomass of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Western Oregon:

Benton 4,102.3 732.7 130.5 130.2 4,232.8 742.9 — — — — — — 4,232.8 742.9

Clackamas 13,457.8 1,509.9 — — 13,457.8 1,509.9 3,015.8 897.7 — — 3,015.8 897.7 16,473.6 1,665.3

Clatsop 9,083.0 1,300.9 3.1 2.9 9,086.1 1,300.9 2.1 2.1 — — 2.1 2.1 9,088.1 1,300.9

Columbia 3,785.4 645.6 16.1 13.2 3,801.6 648.3 — — — — — — 3,801.6 648.3

Coos 12,959.6 1,397.2 77.9 55.0 13,037.5 1,397.6 35.5 27.0 — — 35.5 27.0 13,073.0 1,397.4

Curry 8,014.8 906.8 79.5 47.5 8,094.4 906.1 960.7 249.6 100.6 51.0 1,061.3 253.8 9,155.7 926.4

Douglas 41,617.3 2,233.5 523.0 217.4 42,140.3 2,236.6 1,862.4 492.1 186.3 99.3 2,048.6 498.8 44,188.9 2,249.0

Hood River 4,012.2 1,404.5 16.7 14.7 4,028.8 1,404.5 1,268.6 465.7 3.9 2.8 1,272.5 465.8 5,301.3 1,470.7

Jackson 14,814.3 1,227.9 886.3 217.3 15,700.6 1,243.2 568.4 209.5 56.1 34.1 624.4 212.3 16,325.0 1,254.4

Josephine 9,344.2 1,062.8 117.2 55.1 9,461.4 1,063.6 375.6 163.3 0.5 0.5 376.1 163.3 9,837.5 1,073.0Lane 42,624.5 2,403.6 472.7 187.8 43,097.2 2,400.9 3,440.3 620.2 39.2 40.6 3,479.6 620.5 46,576.7 2,381.5Lincoln 9,142.2 1,123.6 24.9 24.9 9,167.1 1,123.5 223.8 191.0 — — 223.8 191.0 9,390.9 1,137.4Linn 19,368.8 1,862.1 10.3 8.8 19,379.1 1,862.0 890.4 330.3 — — 890.4 330.3 20,269.5 1,878.1

Marion 4,111.9 767.5 112.9 82.8 4,224.8 770.7 1,055.8 358.4 5.3 5.3 1,061.2 359.0 5,286.0 835.9

Multnomah 1,045.1 481.8 2.3 2.2 1,047.4 481.8 2,932.9 1,122.3 — — 2,932.9 1,122.3 3,980.3 1,213.4Polk 3,805.9 712.0 48.5 34.7 3,854.4 712.3 — — — — — — 3,854.4 712.3Tillamook 14,833.5 1,595.4 — — 14,833.5 1,595.4 41.4 43.0 — — 41.4 43.0 14,874.9 1,595.7

Washington 3,516.5 947.3 — — 3,516.5 947.3 51.6 54.2 — — 51.6 54.2 3,568.1 948.6

Yamhill 3,145.6 640.8 45.2 46.6 3,190.8 641.9 20.0 20.9 — — 20.0 20.9 3,210.8 642.3

Total 222,784.8 4,536.4 2,567.2 404.9 225,352.0 4,513.2 16,745.3 1,746.1 391.9 123.4 17,137.2 1,748.3 242,489.2 4,504.1
100

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-34—Biomass of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 4,996.6 620.8 187.5 88.5 5,184.1 626.6 258.3 136.6 — — 258.3 136.6 5,442.4 639.4

Crook 3,903.0 624.3 612.8 101.1 4,515.8 635.4 473.2 296.9 — — 473.2 296.9 4,989.0 699.2

Deschutes 8,912.7 997.7 522.5 174.6 9,435.2 1,009.3 1,525.1 458.8 134.0 77.9 1,659.1 464.5 11,094.3 1,093.5Grant 15,789.1 1,153.5 319.3 128.4 16,108.4 1,156.6 2,799.6 592.0 195.9 128.4 2,995.5 604.5 19,103.9 1,252.4

Harney 3,167.0 417.3 797.2 188.4 3,964.2 460.7 — — 9.7 7.5 9.7 7.5 3,973.9 460.7

Jefferson 3,144.6 636.1 445.3 195.8 3,590.0 661.8 604.7 287.4 — — 604.7 287.4 4,194.7 720.4

Klamath 20,177.4 1,184.8 1,806.2 559.0 21,983.6 1,293.8 4,808.4 723.3 535.8 284.3 5,344.2 758.0 27,327.8 1,421.0

Lake 11,101.9 979.0 786.8 220.5 11,888.7 1,000.5 137.9 99.7 52.9 36.9 190.8 106.4 12,079.5 1,004.3

Malheur 114.9 97.9 148.3 67.1 263.2 118.7 — — — — — — 263.2 118.7

Morrow 2,234.0 547.8 41.3 42.5 2,275.3 549.2 — — — — — — 2,275.3 549.2

Umatilla 6,070.2 805.7 175.6 139.7 6,245.9 816.7 219.4 155.9 — — 219.4 155.9 6,465.3 830.1

Union 8,349.5 971.8 90.0 79.3 8,439.5 974.4 604.2 189.9 0.4 0.4 604.6 189.9 9,044.1 987.4

Wallowa 5,396.4 719.1 40.0 38.1 5,436.4 720.0 4,094.1 645.3 69.7 40.5 4,163.8 646.0 9,600.3 951.7

Wasco 5,364.9 801.4 515.7 209.1 5,880.6 821.4 122.3 122.9 — — 122.3 122.9 6,002.9 830.3

Wheeler 2,941.1 696.3 86.6 31.1 3,027.7 697.0 237.9 239.1 — — 237.9 239.1 3,265.6 736.3

Total 101,663.4 2,483.3 6,575.2 753.6 108,238.6 2,530.5 15,885.0 1,319.0 998.3 325.9 16,883.4 1,343.1 125,122.0 2,573.3

All counties 324,448.2 5,143.1 9,142.4 855.4 333,590.6 5,143.8 32,630.3 2,188.1 1,390.2 348.5 34,020.5 2,204.5 367,611.2 5,154.8

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated; for details on DWM biomass calculation, see FIA Methods and Design Supplement.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥ 0.1 inch.
101

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-35—Average volume per acre of down wood on forest land, by forest type group and and down wood diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classa Coarse-wood size classb

0.1—.24 0.25—0.9 1.0—2.9 3.0—9.0 10.0—19.0 ≥ 20.0 All down wood

Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Softwoods:

Douglas-fir 11.52 0.24 64.35 1.33 199.11 5.86 241.21 5.01 551.24 12.05 1,180.47 39.95 2,247.90 47.26

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 8.45 0.29 63.26 1.99 205.72 6.59 356.95 12.87 769.54 27.35 750.15 44.43 2,154.07 61.19

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 12.52 0.84 84.72 11.79 199.91 17.71 340.94 21.09 954.26 51.20 2,562.73 265.07 4,155.10 282.09

Lodgepole pine 5.26 0.24 53.48 2.40 198.85 9.09 509.59 25.91 444.12 27.86 134.06 15.28 1,345.35 49.92Ponderosa pine 2.43 0.09 35.83 1.06 125.70 4.02 173.52 5.84 226.75 9.67 256.75 17.07 820.98 25.82Western juniper 1.41 0.08 14.87 0.97 50.90 13.77 17.92 2.05 36.68 4.48 33.52 7.90 155.30 19.85Western larch 4.97 0.92 55.91 7.72 206.71 27.61 617.48 76.36 818.65 127.77 241.90 70.08 1,945.61 219.40

Other western softwoods 2.46 1.04 23.19 4.68 56.74 14.24 92.45 27.87 230.67 87.31 567.25 298.11 972.77 374.73

Total 7.63 0.12 52.80 0.85 168.90 3.34 247.22 4.20 468.95 7.89 768.14 21.42 1,713.64 26.86

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 7.36 0.45 64.78 4.60 165.62 10.83 180.25 10.81 429.69 32.06 1,180.10 127.91 2,027.80 143.11

Aspen/birch 2.61 0.58 37.13 8.60 151.03 48.49 218.18 46.50 320.00 115.45 72.24 46.20 801.19 200.66

Elm/ash/cottonwood 9.56 3.16 71.84 30.75 74.60 28.27 73.90 21.29 100.67 33.43 22.58 22.48 353.15 78.61

Tanoak/laurel 10.55 0.92 70.55 11.62 185.57 19.11 206.77 22.21 342.22 36.89 744.77 122.77 1,560.42 154.74

Western oak 4.68 0.48 31.73 3.15 104.26 12.57 103.32 9.66 161.95 19.90 156.61 35.04 562.56 57.81

Woodland hardwoods 3.64 0.56 34.17 4.94 113.91 19.51 92.66 20.64 222.69 91.92 170.92 70.97 638.00 126.55

Other hardwoods 6.57 0.82 44.52 3.89 156.48 21.09 205.25 30.02 268.95 28.20 392.11 101.98 1,073.88 136.11

Total 6.99 0.30 53.39 3.02 148.34 6.87 163.50 7.72 308.11 16.01 655.13 55.90 1,335.46 68.06

Nonstocked 5.70 1.00 68.58 22.33 216.61 25.90 207.12 16.68 309.79 33.17 304.89 51.83 1,112.68 101.30

All forest types 7.50 0.12 53.39 1.08 168.23 3.07 236.76 3.74 446.13 7.08 740.51 19.32 1,652.52 24.33

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19 and 20 actually represent 0.4 inches above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
102

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-36—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by forest type group, ownership group, and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Ownership group and land status U.S. Forest Service Other federal State and local government Private Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land Timberland Other forest land All forest land Forest type group Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Tons per acre Softwoods: Douglas-fir 17.477 0.566 15.263 1.433 17.086 0.843 7.437 1.607 20.952 1.865 20.247 1.945 13.222 0.406 14.501 8.229 15.730 0.309

Fir/spruce/mountain hemlock 17.566 0.631 15.746 0.991 17.550 2.169 14.047 2.329 20.742 4.455 8.961 8.961 13.020 0.925 12.679 6.824 16.263 0.455

Hemlock/Sitka spruce 35.598 4.227 37.704 8.797 29.059 4.379 3.969 3.969 40.187 8.555 7.182 2.805 22.146 1.804 — — 28.969 1.944

Lodgepole pine 13.431 0.611 12.907 1.249 5.201 1.318 11.523 2.023 5.397 0.209 0.290 0.033 9.208 1.157 5.956 0.173 12.195 0.479

Ponderosa pine 7.283 0.289 6.197 1.029 6.634 1.018 6.115 2.670 5.829 1.373 — — 5.473 0.285 8.346 2.317 6.684 0.206

Western juniper 3.546 0.630 1.973 0.802 7.227 2.369 1.466 0.414 2.114 2.114 0.484 0.200 2.718 0.613 0.995 0.147 1.540 0.204

Western larch 16.938 2.442 16.839 2.202 — — — — — — — — 11.304 4.453 — — 15.880 1.699

Other western softwoods 17.300 9.548 2.012 0.625 — — 11.114 11.114 — — — — 11.546 2.480 1.093 0.154 7.518 3.200

Total 14.232 0.303 13.813 0.711 16.115 0.729 3.218 0.435 20.978 1.745 5.788 1.767 11.754 0.300 1.692 0.290 12.634 0.187

Hardwoods:

Alder/maple 19.035 2.919 8.309 2.498 14.777 2.959 0.921 0.921 20.056 2.890 5.397 0.756 11.362 1.078 6.486 2.264 13.675 0.954

Aspen/birch 7.295 2.529 0.516 0.516 — — 6.837 2.836 — — — — 7.301 1.254 — — 6.201 1.365Elm/ash/cottonwood — — — — — — — — — — 4.761 4.761 3.001 0.780 3.854 2.790 3.211 0.764Tanoak/laurel 15.205 2.717 3.744 0.634 19.319 6.182 — — — — — — 13.909 1.496 — — 12.661 1.294

Western oak 6.057 1.501 5.675 1.982 6.504 0.910 3.524 1.227 3.474 0.931 4.375 1.786 7.502 1.338 3.603 0.657 5.235 0.476

Woodland hardwoods 7.167 2.931 5.991 2.127 1.978 1.978 3.856 1.495 — — — — 7.033 2.430 3.835 1.432 5.381 0.951

Other hardwoods 9.106 2.466 4.662 1.062 11.959 2.563 3.142 1.133 7.656 1.640 — — 9.716 1.428 2.298 0.641 8.473 0.891

Total 14.000 1.519 4.550 0.586 11.367 1.617 3.897 0.752 16.759 2.435 4.471 1.111 10.557 0.691 3.623 0.537 9.995 0.481

Nonstocked 7.240 0.837 12.245 3.074 0.286 0.165 4.752 1.778 15.092 5.252 — — 13.894 1.843 1.620 0.803 10.026 0.891

All forest types 13.993 0.289 12.877 0.642 15.389 0.671 3.332 0.393 19.897 1.430 5.355 1.415 11.653 0.275 2.181 0.257 12.260 0.170

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots within forest type groups; for details on DWM biomass calculation, see FIA Methods and Design Supplement.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥ 0.1 inch.
103

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-37—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by ownership and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

Ownership Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

USDA Forest Service:

National forest 13.993 0.289 6.339 0.759 13.672 0.279 15.588 0.824 6.095 0.888 14.793 0.771 13.834 0.261National grasslands — — 0.636 0.191 0.636 0.191 — — — — — — 0.636 0.191

Total 13.993 0.289 5.828 0.707 13.618 0.279 15.588 0.824 6.095 0.888 14.793 0.771 13.788 0.260

Other federal government:

Bureau of Land Management 15.439 0.674 1.906 0.389 10.375 0.491 8.675 1.665 1.545 0.620 5.836 1.304 10.219 0.478

National Park Service — — — — — — 12.490 1.414 13.698 9.886 12.633 1.710 12.633 1.710

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service — — — — — — 4.745 1.162 — — 4.633 1.176 4.633 1.176

Other federal 7.251 0.117 — — 7.251 0.117 3.969 3.969 — — 3.969 3.969 6.226 0.875

Total 15.389 0.671 1.906 0.389 10.363 0.490 10.746 1.070 4.976 3.323 9.442 1.132 10.289 0.459

State and local government:

Local 11.248 1.964 0.866 0.380 9.428 1.795 10.879 3.071 — — 10.879 3.071 9.571 1.648

State 21.298 1.606 1.254 0.716 19.759 1.532 11.519 3.013 — — 11.519 3.013 19.321 1.461

Other public 3.093 3.093 — — 3.093 3.093 — — — — — — 3.093 3.093

Total 19.897 1.430 1.146 0.529 18.198 1.348 11.361 2.396 — — 11.361 2.396 17.789 1.276

Corporate private 13.532 0.372 4.572 0.926 13.184 0.363 — — — — — — 13.184 0.363

Noncorporate private:

Nongovernmental conservation or 

natural resource organizations 

14.148 1.413 — — 14.148 1.413 — — — — — — 14.148 1.413

Unincorporated partnerships, 

associations, or clubs 

9.690 2.572 0.748 0.579 5.758 2.027 — — — — — — 5.758 2.027

Native American 13.684 1.517 5.919 2.590 12.239 1.366 — — — — — — 12.239 1.366

Individual 7.226 0.383 1.449 0.158 5.531 0.291 — — — — — — 5.531 0.291

Total 8.588 0.382 1.744 0.244 6.773 0.304 — — — — — — 6.773 0.304

All private 11.653 0.275 2.181 0.257 10.331 0.247 — — — — — — 10.331 0.247

All owners 13.472 0.195 2.632 0.224 12.105 0.177 14.925 0.725 5.774 1.145 14.017 0.677 12.260 0.170

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots; for details on DWM biomass calculation, see FIA Methods and Design Supplement.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥ 0.1 inch.
104

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-38—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Western Oregon:

Benton 14.187 1.518 21.073 21.073 14.332 1.493 — — — — — — 14.332 1.493

Clackamas 18.987 1.560 — — 18.987 1.560 21.582 4.822 — — 21.582 4.822 19.415 1.522

Clatsop 20.590 1.847 1.550 1.550 20.505 1.846 0.921 0.921 — — 0.921 0.921 20.407 1.840

Columbia 11.659 1.302 2.008 1.556 11.425 1.280 — — — — — — 11.417 1.279

Coos 15.824 1.146 6.130 0.452 15.676 1.133 2.709 0.807 — — 2.709 0.807 15.475 1.126

Curry 10.532 0.849 3.467 1.218 10.326 0.831 6.527 1.171 2.857 0.857 5.818 0.991 9.475 0.714

Douglas 16.168 0.604 7.985 2.352 15.965 0.596 17.972 2.286 7.874 1.493 16.095 2.068 15.971 0.576

Hood River 20.013 6.118 2.327 0.271 19.403 5.931 20.182 4.342 0.670 0.399 18.509 4.291 19.181 4.584

Jackson 11.838 0.644 4.285 0.795 10.766 0.589 10.408 1.759 2.971 0.569 8.499 1.631 10.658 0.567

Josephine 11.283 0.903 2.074 0.734 10.694 0.863 10.145 1.878 0.089 0.089 8.761 2.091 10.605 0.829

Lane 19.193 0.817 10.022 2.173 19.003 0.803 16.141 1.481 7.112 7.112 15.913 1.463 18.731 0.747

Lincoln 16.479 1.223 3.755 3.917 16.329 1.222 19.266 9.070 — — 19.266 9.070 16.388 1.213

Linn 20.096 1.316 1.424 0.828 19.957 1.309 13.419 3.124 — — 13.419 3.124 19.539 1.247

Marion 14.612 1.814 7.451 2.815 14.246 1.738 14.135 2.642 3.195 3.195 13.897 2.617 14.175 1.486Multnomah 21.978 6.279 0.622 0.622 20.418 6.026 46.935 11.832 — — 46.935 11.832 34.980 7.441

Polk 14.259 1.663 3.350 1.124 13.698 1.610 — — — — — — 13.698 1.610Tillamook 24.689 1.794 — — 24.689 1.794 6.859 0.900 — — 6.859 0.900 24.512 1.783

Washington 14.902 3.268 — — 14.902 3.268 8.961 8.961 — — 8.961 8.961 14.761 3.194

Yamhill 14.605 1.699 5.425 2.003 14.263 1.652 4.761 4.761 — — 4.761 4.761 14.088 1.633

Total 16.399 0.301 5.232 0.620 16.010 0.293 16.667 1.332 4.042 0.803 15.556 1.243 15.977 0.285
105

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-38—Average biomass per acre of down wooda on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 7.735 0.673 2.107 0.825 7.054 0.623 8.150 2.505 — — 6.937 2.441 7.048 0.604

Crook 9.434 1.049 1.033 0.140 4.484 0.538 20.289 7.704 — — 20.289 7.704 4.842 0.581

Deschutes 10.189 0.843 2.263 0.674 8.534 0.718 17.426 2.735 7.705 0.441 15.815 2.441 9.165 0.703

Grant 10.261 0.539 1.863 0.676 9.419 0.508 16.013 1.809 13.050 4.876 15.779 1.720 10.055 0.498

Harney 6.675 0.533 1.765 0.374 4.280 0.382 — — 0.326 0.201 0.326 0.201 4.157 0.374

Jefferson 9.951 1.534 1.562 0.647 5.973 0.951 16.880 4.251 — — 16.880 4.251 6.586 0.960

Klamath 8.733 0.362 6.207 1.708 8.451 0.375 13.591 1.318 14.701 4.741 13.694 1.280 9.135 0.371

Lake 9.947 0.585 2.203 0.556 8.070 0.506 11.899 1.636 2.772 1.053 6.221 2.159 8.033 0.498

Malheur 8.427 4.239 1.274 0.519 2.024 0.811 — — — — — — 2.024 0.811

Morrow 11.401 2.013 7.143 0.446 11.279 1.957 — — — — — — 11.279 1.957

Umatilla 10.218 0.953 14.319 5.314 10.301 0.941 15.931 4.804 — — 15.931 4.804 10.426 0.930

Union 12.115 0.919 8.518 4.543 12.061 0.909 9.725 1.556 0.057 0.057 8.791 1.611 11.768 0.847

Wallowa 9.370 0.854 5.690 0.445 9.325 0.844 10.903 1.146 4.999 0.898 10.691 1.114 9.873 0.675

Wasco 12.841 1.232 3.473 1.217 10.385 1.048 21.096 21.096 — — 21.096 21.096 10.493 1.043Wheeler 9.149 1.781 0.418 0.134 5.728 1.177 41.033 41.033 — — 41.033 41.033 6.111 1.224

Total 9.684 0.208 2.204 0.235 8.029 0.177 13.444 0.711 6.941 1.806 12.738 0.678 8.450 0.172

All counties 13.472 0.195 2.632 0.224 12.105 0.177 14.925 0.725 5.774 1.145 14.017 0.677 12.260 0.170

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.0005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots; for details on DWM biomass calculation, see FIA Methods and Design Supplement.a Includes down wood with diameters ≥ 0.1 inch.
106

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-39—Average biomass per acre of all dead wood (dead trees and down wood)a on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued) Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Western Oregon:

Benton 19.458 2.475 30.183 30.183 19.683 2.432 — — — — — — 19.683 2.432

Clackamas 29.845 2.468 — — 29.845 2.468 46.523 8.153 — — 46.523 8.153 32.592 2.490

Clatsop 27.080 2.049 1.550 1.550 26.965 2.052 0.921 0.921 — — 0.921 0.921 26.834 2.046

Columbia 13.938 1.512 3.819 3.479 13.693 1.496 — — — — — — 13.683 1.495

Coos 21.556 1.831 7.484 0.170 21.341 1.810 9.181 4.821 — — 9.181 4.821 21.153 1.791

Curry 19.639 1.812 46.193 22.916 20.416 1.920 20.243 4.349 24.045 6.887 20.976 3.767 20.522 1.713

Douglas 25.097 0.994 17.245 6.417 24.902 0.984 45.798 12.845 12.919 3.444 39.686 10.840 25.582 1.064Hood River 29.651 8.874 2.684 0.129 28.721 8.607 52.886 11.250 0.670 0.399 48.408 11.187 33.618 7.152

Jackson 21.944 1.429 8.594 1.418 20.051 1.273 21.870 6.358 4.838 1.505 17.496 5.173 19.928 1.239

Josephine 25.248 2.543 11.102 3.727 24.345 2.397 32.912 6.229 9.465 9.465 29.685 6.193 24.592 2.305

Lane 29.814 1.346 19.130 4.600 29.592 1.321 38.740 2.962 25.004 25.004 38.394 2.909 30.366 1.229

Lincoln 23.250 1.648 3.755 3.917 23.020 1.650 57.663 23.464 — — 57.663 23.464 23.722 1.753

Linn 32.227 2.064 1.713 0.670 31.999 2.053 31.075 5.347 — — 31.075 5.347 31.940 1.947

Marion 24.431 3.133 21.324 7.915 24.273 2.997 44.317 10.278 3.951 3.951 43.439 10.012 28.197 3.271

Multnomah 41.789 14.900 0.622 0.622 38.782 14.123 79.193 20.754 — — 79.193 20.754 60.974 13.536Polk 19.842 3.291 4.825 1.985 19.070 3.155 — — — — — — 19.070 3.155

Tillamook 35.000 2.415 — — 35.000 2.415 11.780 1.546 — — 11.780 1.546 34.769 2.400

Washington 19.522 3.374 — — 19.522 3.374 10.860 10.860 — — 10.860 10.860 19.316 3.301

Yamhill 20.536 2.075 5.425 2.003 19.974 2.037 4.761 4.761 — — 4.761 4.761 19.693 2.023

Total 25.701 0.479 12.859 1.916 25.253 0.468 39.303 2.844 14.932 3.388 37.159 2.655 26.117 0.468
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Table A1-39—Average biomass per acre of all dead wood (dead trees and down wood)a on forest land, by county and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

County Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Eastern Oregon:

Baker 11.331 1.027 4.829 2.221 10.543 0.967 28.308 11.148 — — 24.096 10.351 11.197 1.077

Crook 15.066 1.829 1.376 0.171 6.999 0.909 60.567 17.408 — — 60.567 17.408 8.212 1.138

Deschutes 14.144 1.305 4.937 1.842 12.221 1.132 28.192 3.913 36.884 6.033 29.633 3.494 13.730 1.128Grant 16.429 0.931 3.652 2.075 15.149 0.885 29.643 3.297 22.360 8.218 29.068 3.135 16.540 0.885

Harney 8.566 0.741 2.189 0.439 5.455 0.503 — — 0.326 0.201 0.326 0.201 5.296 0.492Jefferson 19.719 3.001 2.964 1.168 11.773 1.847 48.108 18.765 — — 48.108 18.765 13.817 2.189

Klamath 12.100 0.624 7.705 2.022 11.608 0.602 28.678 2.630 30.952 8.388 28.891 2.524 13.863 0.659

Lake 14.499 0.870 3.152 0.705 11.749 0.747 38.089 2.037 4.829 2.086 17.400 7.323 11.864 0.747

Malheur 10.050 3.052 1.835 0.629 2.696 0.860 — — — — — — 2.696 0.860

Morrow 17.415 3.723 23.503 1.468 17.590 3.621 — — — — — — 17.590 3.621

Umatilla 17.769 1.994 27.215 12.829 17.960 1.974 25.812 9.241 — — 25.812 9.241 18.134 1.944

Union 16.453 1.256 8.752 4.722 16.337 1.243 27.680 5.157 0.057 0.057 25.012 5.180 17.113 1.230

Wallowa 14.537 1.452 13.323 1.042 14.523 1.434 24.762 2.341 16.904 5.946 24.481 2.276 18.511 1.298Wasco 18.503 1.948 4.710 1.372 14.886 1.602 62.964 62.964 — — 62.964 62.964 15.373 1.658Wheeler 13.275 2.360 0.488 0.192 8.265 1.581 84.008 84.008 — — 84.008 84.008 9.087 1.765

Total 14.427 0.343 3.313 0.353 11.967 0.286 29.195 1.541 16.986 3.870 27.870 1.460 13.391 0.297

All counties 20.786 0.313 4.661 0.428 18.754 0.284 33.840 1.562 16.159 2.686 32.086 1.456 19.833 0.283

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots; for details on DWM biomass calculation, see FIA Methods and Design Supplement.a Includes dead trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height and down wood ≥ 0.1 inches in diameter at the transect intersection.
108

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-40—Area of forest land, by national forest and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand acres

Deschutes 1,199.6 72.9 49.1 16.2 1,248.7 73.9 180.2 31.7 29.0 13.0 209.2 34.0 1,457.9 77.2Fremont 942.5 64.8 96.2 22.6 1,038.8 68.0 29.8 13.0 — — 29.8 13.0 1,068.6 68.8

Klamath 23.9 11.2 — — 23.9 11.2 — — — — — — 23.9 11.2

Malheur 1,198.2 69.7 54.2 16.2 1,252.4 71.2 69.3 19.7 15.0 9.0 84.3 21.6 1,336.7 72.7

Mount Hood 762.0 51.6 6.6 6.3 768.5 51.8 257.4 33.9 5.9 5.7 263.3 34.2 1,031.9 47.7Ochoco 648.0 57.8 69.9 18.8 718.0 60.6 40.9 15.5 — — 40.9 15.5 758.9 62.3Rogue River 529.5 49.5 24.1 11.1 553.6 50.8 48.4 16.7 6.4 6.3 54.8 17.8 608.3 53.2

Siskiyou 739.9 53.2 57.0 17.9 796.9 53.9 160.4 29.0 41.1 15.5 201.5 32.4 998.3 56.3

Siuslaw 605.5 51.2 — — 605.5 51.2 36.5 14.5 5.9 6.0 42.4 15.7 647.9 52.6Umatilla 756.5 60.7 17.6 10.1 774.1 61.4 156.2 29.4 — — 156.2 29.4 930.3 66.1

Umpqua 825.6 59.1 18.4 10.3 844.1 59.6 82.7 21.3 17.7 10.2 100.5 23.3 944.5 60.3

Wallowa-Whitman 1,203.5 71.6 53.5 16.9 1,257.0 72.9 420.6 45.7 26.1 12.1 446.7 46.9 1,703.7 79.2

Willamette 1,185.0 60.3 34.1 14.0 1,219.1 60.9 318.5 39.5 7.2 5.9 325.6 39.9 1,544.7 59.8Winema 953.4 65.0 26.4 12.0 979.8 65.7 76.9 20.6 17.4 10.1 94.3 22.8 1,074.1 67.7

Crooked River 

National Grassland 

— — 49.9 16.6 49.9 16.6 — — — — — — 49.9 16.6

All national forests 11,573.1 124.3 557.1 53.1 12,130.1 119.3 1,877.9 94.8 171.7 31.2 2,049.6 98.6 14,179.7 77.3

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 ac was estimated.
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-41—Net cubic volume of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Million cubic feet

Deschutes 2,239.6 210.5 123.9 56.6 2,363.5 216.1 682.3 147.5 100.6 54.5 782.9 156.3 3,146.4 255.8

Fremont 1,883.0 176.1 44.2 15.5 1,927.2 176.5 132.9 64.5 — — 132.9 64.5 2,060.1 186.1

Klamath 92.1 44.0 — — 92.1 44.0 — — — — — — 92.1 44.0Malheur 2,401.1 175.4 40.9 17.0 2,442.0 175.7 184.5 68.0 28.1 17.0 212.6 70.0 2,654.7 185.3

Mount Hood 4,677.8 402.9 21.2 20.2 4,699.1 403.4 2,147.0 310.8 — — 2,147.0 310.8 6,846.0 395.9

Ochoco 1,119.2 127.2 27.4 15.3 1,146.6 128.0 84.2 44.2 — — 84.2 44.2 1,230.8 134.9

Rogue River 3,086.6 346.6 35.5 17.5 3,122.1 347.5 230.6 85.4 23.0 22.7 253.5 88.3 3,375.6 356.9

Siskiyou 4,081.9 424.6 35.9 22.0 4,117.9 423.6 700.0 184.8 10.7 5.9 710.7 184.8 4,828.6 445.1

Siuslaw 5,028.4 545.4 — — 5,028.4 545.4 456.5 209.7 5.9 5.9 462.4 209.8 5,490.8 576.9

Umatilla 1,530.6 166.2 34.8 23.4 1,565.3 167.5 391.1 88.2 — — 391.1 88.2 1,956.4 185.7

Umpqua 6,187.6 559.5 32.8 27.1 6,220.4 559.7 523.7 152.9 74.6 54.1 598.3 160.8 6,818.7 562.3

Wallowa-Whitman 2,434.6 194.1 38.3 14.4 2,472.9 194.2 1,178.9 170.8 15.3 10.0 1,194.2 171.0 3,667.1 243.7

Willamette 9,638.5 633.3 91.8 42.6 9,730.3 631.9 2,697.5 416.8 32.8 31.4 2,730.3 417.3 12,460.6 662.1

Winema 2,370.9 219.6 38.1 23.6 2,409.0 220.4 407.4 120.6 45.7 35.2 453.0 125.3 2,862.0 247.9

Crooked River 

National Grassland 

— — 3.0 2.1 3.0 2.1 — — — — — — 3.0 2.1

All national forests 46,771.9 1,018.7 567.9 94.6 47,339.8 1,013.6 9,816.5 662.7 336.6 95.3 10,153.2 667.5 57,493.0 967.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50,000 cubic feet was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
110

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-42—Aboveground biomass of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Deschutes 46,385.9 4,195.9 2,701.9 1,153.9 49,087.8 4,310.9 13,857.2 2,977.1 2,236.2 1,171.6 16,093.4 3,178.8 65,181.2 5,128.1

Fremont 38,744.1 3,574.7 1,184.8 408.3 39,928.8 3,587.2 3,092.0 1,486.8 — — 3,092.0 1,486.8 43,020.8 3,840.7

Klamath 2,011.9 982.6 — — 2,011.9 982.6 — — — — — — 2,011.9 982.6

Malheur 46,827.9 3,339.7 1,103.5 448.5 47,931.5 3,355.0 3,649.4 1,305.6 654.7 418.1 4,304.2 1,368.4 52,235.6 3,541.6

Mount Hood 93,158.8 7,851.5 429.9 409.2 93,588.8 7,861.0 43,038.9 6,215.2 — — 43,038.9 6,215.2 136,627.7 7,730.8

Ochoco 21,753.1 2,404.3 709.6 317.6 22,462.7 2,424.1 1,690.6 924.3 — — 1,690.6 924.3 24,153.3 2,583.9

Rogue River 63,013.6 6,955.4 748.1 392.2 63,761.7 6,969.8 5,224.4 1,973.4 472.8 466.6 5,697.2 2,027.9 69,458.9 7,224.2Siskiyou 91,091.4 9,053.5 1,034.3 678.9 92,125.7 9,029.5 15,937.7 4,092.3 258.1 150.2 16,195.8 4,092.2 108,321.5 9,493.4

Siuslaw 96,601.9 10,429.9 — — 96,601.9 10,429.9 8,078.9 3,746.8 132.2 132.7 8,211.0 3,749.0 104,812.9 10,944.3

Umatilla 30,271.6 3,082.3 748.4 492.2 31,020.1 3,113.3 8,047.9 1,689.4 — — 8,047.9 1,689.4 39,068.0 3,466.2

Umpqua 127,259.8 11,293.4 757.8 596.3 128,017.6 11,297.7 10,563.5 3,046.8 1,445.6 1,005.8 12,009.2 3,180.9 140,026.8 11,325.9

Wallowa-Whitman 50,479.8 3,810.8 1,059.6 390.6 51,539.4 3,818.4 22,344.2 3,221.6 413.3 220.4 22,757.5 3,226.5 74,296.9 4,692.6

Willamette 188,855.5 12,242.1 1,971.2 885.8 190,826.7 12,213.3 52,305.9 7,918.0 663.6 637.3 52,969.5 7,927.9 243,796.2 12,716.2Winema 48,636.1 4,404.0 1,071.1 635.0 49,707.1 4,437.4 8,134.5 2,405.0 1,058.6 765.6 9,193.1 2,516.3 58,900.2 4,995.5

Crooked River 

National Grassland 

— — 112.7 62.0 112.7 62.0 — — — — — — 112.7 62.0

All national forests 945,091.3 19,944.7 13,633.0 2,116.3 958,724.2 19,824.6 195,965.2 12,978.8 7,335.2 1,960.9 203,300.4 13,082.0 1,162,024.6 18,751.0

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated.a Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
111

Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-43—Biomass of down wood on forest land, by national forest and down wood diameter class, Oregon, 2001–2010

Down wood diameter class (inches)

Fine-wood size classa Coarse-wood size classb

0.1—.24 0.25—0.9 1.0—2.9 3.0—9.0 10.0—19.0 ≥ 20.0 All down wood

National forest Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Thousand tons

Deschutes 66.6 5.4 739.2 59.5 2,217.7 182.2 3,882.0 351.2 5,595.1 575.4 3,558.1 448.4 16,058.7 1,251.4

Fremont 35.7 3.6 439.6 39.0 1,525.5 143.0 2,112.5 217.7 3,250.2 356.4 2,942.5 404.7 10,305.9 917.4

Klamath 2.8 1.7 12.0 5.9 41.3 19.4 23.0 11.9 22.4 16.7 11.9 11.3 113.3 57.8

Malheur 46.2 4.2 647.3 50.5 2,056.9 156.4 3,121.1 312.2 3,845.7 378.8 3,047.0 354.2 12,764.2 966.0

Mount Hood 151.8 13.1 685.0 47.6 1,834.0 155.4 2,341.0 211.4 6,708.2 516.2 12,244.8 1,770.5 23,964.7 2,162.9

Ochoco 17.5 2.2 283.3 32.6 1,026.7 124.8 1,197.6 150.0 1,887.1 284.9 2,999.3 560.9 7,411.5 984.7

Rogue River 61.5 7.9 375.2 40.5 1,255.8 139.2 936.9 119.2 2,388.7 306.0 3,469.6 554.0 8,487.7 983.6Siskiyou 129.9 11.4 593.9 52.5 1,727.1 155.0 1,249.2 122.5 2,411.1 252.3 4,826.9 769.1 10,938.1 1,067.8

Siuslaw 81.9 9.7 468.5 55.6 756.7 97.8 797.8 91.3 2,619.4 318.0 7,767.3 1,026.9 12,491.5 1,385.9

Umatilla 41.5 4.5 474.7 47.7 1,677.1 188.9 4,185.1 500.8 5,028.7 549.9 2,121.3 301.7 13,528.3 1,274.3

Umpqua 109.1 9.6 637.7 53.2 1,840.8 153.2 2,164.4 212.2 4,484.7 399.0 8,063.4 909.9 17,300.0 1,388.9

Wallowa-Whitman 80.5 6.2 841.8 72.1 2,679.0 200.9 5,201.8 441.9 6,266.1 539.5 3,268.0 375.9 18,337.2 1,252.4

Willamette 195.7 13.8 1,057.7 68.6 2,671.6 204.4 2,959.5 193.1 9,331.2 582.3 16,536.2 1,444.9 32,751.9 1,974.0Winema 62.2 6.0 548.4 45.6 1,875.2 161.6 2,493.3 235.7 3,486.3 409.2 2,559.5 448.5 11,024.8 1,004.6

Crooked River 

National Grassland 

0.6 0.3 7.5 3.5 9.1 4.9 1.4 1.5 13.2 10.2 — — 31.8 14.4

All national forests 1,083.2 24.7 7,811.5 146.2 23,194.6 459.7 32,666.6 825.3 57,338.0 1,317.3 73,415.7 2,781.6 195,509.5 3,784.6

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 50 bone-dry tons was estimated; for details on DWM biomass calculation see FIA Methods and Design Supplement.a The diameter of each piece was visually estimated before being counted within each size class. Counts were used as input to volume equations for fine-wood.b Diameter classes are based on the diameter at the large end of the piece for decay classes less than 5, and based on the transect diameter for decay class 5 pieces. The diameter of each piece was measured and recorded to the nearest inch. Because of this, class breakpoints for 9, 10, 19 and 20 actually represent 0.4 inches above and below the value. For example, 9 represents 8.6 to 9.4 inches. 
112

GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958 Table A1-44—Average net volume per acre of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010 Land status Unreserved forests Reserved forests Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Cubic feet per acre

Deschutes 1,867.06 135.09 2,521.16 815.67 1,892.80 133.58 3,786.27 476.98 3,471.76 1,057.64 3,742.69 436.68 2,158.24 135.97

Fremont 1,997.86 128.19 459.43 121.27 1,855.31 120.47 4,455.03 965.55 — — 4,455.03 965.55 1,927.88 123.89

Klamath 3,860.95 517.68 — — 3,860.95 517.68 — — — — — — 3,860.95 517.68

Malheur 2,003.92 91.94 755.07 199.85 1,949.91 89.66 2,661.51 611.01 1,874.06 108.38 2,521.36 508.86 1,985.96 90.35

Mount Hood 6,139.21 377.65 3,225.84 3,225.84 6,114.25 374.65 8,339.60 556.71 — — 8,152.90 574.53 6,634.52 315.76Ochoco 1,727.02 124.35 392.57 187.54 1,597.05 118.18 2,057.49 752.03 — — 2,057.49 752.03 1,621.88 119.20

Rogue River 5,829.16 378.34 1,475.94 415.85 5,639.90 371.35 4,763.93 766.89 3,604.87 3,604.87 4,629.04 686.24 5,548.89 343.53

Siskiyou 5,517.19 424.52 630.65 329.70 5,167.69 409.74 4,364.31 824.31 260.28 104.71 3,527.01 716.55 4,836.56 361.17

Siuslaw 8,304.30 532.17 — — 8,304.30 532.17 12,511.94 2,689.20 988.24 988.24 10,901.20 2,771.07 8,474.31 531.37

Umatilla 2,023.29 151.47 1,975.73 675.68 2,022.21 148.78 2,503.15 322.50 — — 2,503.15 322.50 2,102.98 135.77

Umpqua 7,494.25 419.70 1,780.30 1,057.29 7,369.65 416.07 6,329.96 867.43 4,209.92 1,857.06 5,955.83 810.29 7,219.27 383.96

Wallowa-Whitman 2,022.88 108.12 715.90 136.50 1,967.24 104.61 2,803.26 271.86 584.63 284.60 2,673.46 262.46 2,152.40 103.73

Willamette 8,133.75 372.61 2,693.41 593.19 7,981.60 367.56 8,470.68 790.36 4,565.70 1,022.80 8,384.63 777.82 8,066.56 331.75

Winema 2,486.77 157.90 1,442.03 553.94 2,458.59 154.69 5,298.00 731.22 2,625.90 1,340.34 4,805.12 691.12 2,664.55 160.92Crooked River 

National Grassland 

— — 59.62 36.10 59.62 36.10 — — — — — — 59.62 36.10

All national forests 4,041.45 78.22 1,019.40 135.98 3,902.66 75.33 5,227.49 242.24 1,960.26 422.41 4,953.75 229.02 4,054.59 67.98Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 cubic feet per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.a Includes all live trees ≥ 5 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes.
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-45—Average aboveground biomass per acre of live treesa on forest land, by national forest and land status, Oregon, 2001–2010

Land status

Unreserved forests Reserved forests

Timberland Other forest Total Productive Other forest Total All forest land

National forest Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Tons per acre

Deschutes 38.669 2.609 54.994 15.058 39.312 2.578 76.897 9.506 77.155 21.053 76.933 8.693 44.710 2.653

Fremont 41.108 2.549 12.310 3.080 38.439 2.393 103.657 20.950 — — 103.657 20.950 40.260 2.517

Klamath 84.321 13.528 — — 84.321 13.528 — — — — — — 84.321 13.528Malheur 39.081 1.683 20.374 5.195 38.272 1.639 52.647 11.352 43.625 8.049 51.041 9.474 39.078 1.659

Mount Hood 122.262 7.211 65.306 65.306 121.774 7.154 167.178 11.225 — — 163.435 11.574 132.406 6.116

Ochoco 33.567 2.255 10.149 3.630 31.286 2.142 41.312 16.353 — — 41.312 16.353 31.827 2.218

Rogue River 119.005 7.288 31.084 9.797 115.182 7.172 107.953 18.903 74.186 74.186 104.024 17.028 114.178 6.686

Siskiyou 123.120 8.761 18.148 10.411 115.612 8.494 99.373 17.753 6.278 2.747 80.380 15.572 108.501 7.543

Siuslaw 159.536 10.063 — — 159.536 10.063 221.410 49.655 22.295 22.295 193.578 50.195 161.765 9.962

Umatilla 40.017 2.590 42.552 13.126 40.074 2.548 51.507 5.091 — — 51.507 5.091 41.994 2.310

Umpqua 154.134 8.222 41.171 22.117 151.671 8.154 127.679 16.501 81.542 31.854 119.537 15.319 148.253 7.525

Wallowa-Whitman 41.943 1.954 19.801 3.302 41.000 1.889 53.130 5.063 15.815 5.193 50.947 4.870 43.608 1.884

Willamette 159.371 7.074 57.817 10.755 156.531 6.973 164.250 14.356 92.483 20.880 162.669 14.140 157.825 6.236

Winema 51.014 3.079 40.523 14.019 50.731 3.021 105.797 14.666 60.873 26.389 97.510 13.545 54.837 3.158

Crooked River 

National Grassland 

— — 2.258 0.975 2.258 0.975 — — — — — — 2.258 0.975

All national forests 81.663 1.516 24.473 2.905 79.037 1.461 104.355 4.633 42.715 8.319 99.191 4.383 81.950 1.316

Note: Totals may be off because of rounding; data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 0.005 bone-dry tons per acre was estimated; the average was calculated using a ratio of means formula across plots.a Includes all live trees ≥ 1 inches in diameter at breast height, consisting of growing-stock, rough-cull, and rotten-cull tree classes. Aboveground biomass of the tree from ground to tip, includes stem wood, bark, and branches; calculated with regional biomass equations.
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-46—Total roundwood output by product, species group, and source of material, Oregon, 2008

Source of material

Product and species group

Growing-stock trees

Sawtimber Poletimber Other sources All sources

Thousand cubic feet

Sawlogs:

Softwoods 562,764 43,467 10,283 616,515

Hardwoods: 19,714 1,523 304 21,541

Total 582,478 44,989 10,587 638,055

Veneer logs:

Softwoods 133,420 2,087 2,313 137,819

Hardwoods: 0 0 0 0

Total 133,420 2,087 2,313 137,819

Pulpwood:

Softwoods 59,180 6,576 934 66,689

Hardwoods: 13,175 1,464 208 14,847

Total 72,356 8,040 1,142 81,537

Composite Panels:

Softwood 0 0 0 0

Hardwood 0 0 0 0

Total 0 0 0 0

Poles and posts:

Softwoods 639 1,610 46 2,295

Hardwoods: 0 0 0 0

Total 639 1,610 46 2,295

Other miscellaneous:

Softwoods 3,331 370 76 3,778

Hardwoods: 24 3 0 27

Total 3,355 373 76 3,804

Total industrial products:

Softwoods 759,334 54,109 13,651 827,095

Hardwoods: 32,913 2,989 512 36,415

Total 792,248 57,099 14,164 863,510

Fuelwooda

:

Softwoods 33 2 36,478 36,512

Hardwoods: 0 0 920 920

Total 33 2 37,398 37,432

All products:

Softwoods 759,367 54,111 50,129 863,607

Hardwoods: 32,913 2,989 1,432 37,335

Total 792,280 57,100 51,562 900,942

Note: Data sare ubject to sampling error. 

a Includes residential fuelwood consumption reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.

cfm?sid=US#Consumption.
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-47—Volume of timber removals by type of removal, source of material, species group, Oregon, 2008

Source of material

Growing-stock Other sources All sources

Removal type Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods Total

Thousand cubic feet

Roundwood products:

Saw logs 606,231 21,236 627,468 10,283 304 10,587 616,515 21,541 638,055

Veneer logs 135,507 0 135,507 2,313 0 2,313 137,819 0 137,819

Pulpwood 65,756 14,639 80,395 934 208 1,142 66,689 14,847 81,537

Fuelwooda 34 0 34 36,478 920 37,398 36,512 920 37,432

Posts, poles, and pilings 2,249 0 2,249 46 0 46 2,295 0 2,295

Miscellaneous products 3,702 27 3,728 76 0 76 3,778 27 3,804

Total 813,478 35,902 849,381 50,129 1,432 51,562 863,607 37,335 900,942

Logging Residues 30,525 1,347 31,872 190,835 9,335 200,171 221,360 10,683 232,043

Total, all removals 844,003 37,250 881,253 240,965 10,768 251,733 1,084,968 48,017 1,132,985

Note: Data are subject to sampling error. a Includes residential fuelwood consumption reported by U.S. Energy Information Administration, http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.cfm?sid=US#Consumption.
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-48—Estimated area of forest land covered by the most abundant vascular plant 

nontimber forest products, by plant group and species, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Plant group and scientific name Common name Total SE

Acres

Tree seedlings and saplings:

Abies amabilis Pacific silver fir 59,792 6,886

Abies concolor White fir 47,468 3,569

Abies grandis Grand fir 93,177 5,576

Lithocarpus densiflorus Tanoak 113,618 12,488

Pinus contorta Lodgepole pine 147,738 10,583

Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa pine 96,839 4,731

Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir 192,201 8,680

Tsuga heterophylla Western hemlock 107,979 6,606

Shrubs:

Acer circinatum Vine maple 958,192 35,940

Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon serviceberry 60,833 5,066

Arctostaphylos nevadensis Pinemat manzanita 88,550 8,143

Arctostaphylos patula Greenleaf manzanita 122,553 11,220

Artemisia tridentata Big sagebrush 88,002 8,711

Ceanothus velutinus Snowbrush ceanothus 224,784 19,125

Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa 66,766 3,930

Corylus cornuta Beaked hazelnut 56,603 8,048

Frangula purshiana Cascara buckthorn 91,768 7,983

Gaultheria shallon Salal 807,120 35,576

Holodiscus discolor Oceanspray 200,827 10,359

Mahonia nervosa Cascade barberry 557,704 21,611

Rosa gymnocarpa Dwarf rose 54,719 3,389

Rubus parviflorus Thimbleberry 89,602 8,252

Rubus spectabilis Salmonberry 405,070 26,497

Rubus ursinus California blackberry 318,702 17,070

Symphoricarpos albus Common snowberry 301,953 16,384

Vaccinium membranaceum Thinleaf huckleberry 257,353 19,416

Vaccinium ovalifolium Oval-leaf blueberry 77,214 11,529

Vaccinium ovatum California huckleberry 202,912 19,056

Vaccinium parvifolium Red huckleberry 150,171 6,690

Vaccinium scoparium Grouse whortleberry 227,037 18,987
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-48—Estimated area of forest land covered by the most abundant vascular plant 

nontimber forest products, by plant group and species, Oregon, 2001–2010 (continued)

Plant group and scientific name Common name Total SE

Acres

Herbs:

Achillea millefolium Common yarrow 83,387 3,665

Arnica cordifolia Heartleaf arnica 129,334 8,216

Athyrium filix-femina Common ladyfern 18,564 2,860

Balsamorhiza sagittata Arrowleaf balsamroot 28,146 3,991

Blechnum spicant Deer fern 23,803 2,830

Chamerion angustifolium Fireweed 15,978 3,747

Claytonia sibirica Siberian springbeauty 25,382 5,059

Fragaria Strawberry 22,378 2,411

Fragaria vesca Woodland strawberry 52,510 3,443

Fragaria virginiana Virginia strawberry 51,745 3,729

Polystichum munitum Western swordfern 1,459,189 44,635

Pteridium aquilinum Western brackenfern 251,969 14,509

Thalictrum occidentale Western meadow-rue 18,574 2,006

Xerophyllum tenax Common beargrass 145,275 13,865

Note: Data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error.
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-49—Index of vascular plant species richness on forest land, by ecological section, Oregon, 2010

Number

of plots

Species 

richness/plot Total 

richness

Species 

turnover

Native richness/

plot

Non-native

richness/plot

Native species

cover (sum)

Non-native

cover (sum)

Ecological section Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE Mean SE

Blue Mountain Foothills 5 35.8 8.9 123 3.4 19.2 5.5 5.8 1.9 46.3 7.7 10.4 4.7

Blue Mountains 29 52.7 3.3 472 9.0 41.0 3.0 3.9 0.8 100.6 9.2 4.7 1.5

Eastern Cascades 18 26.0 3.5 232 8.9 20.8 2.8 0.8 0.4 59.3 6.1 2.1 1.4

Klamath Mountains 13 44.5 4.7 219 4.9 36.2 3.6 1.8 0.7 142.1 9.6 0.5 0.2

Modoc Plateau 7 33.6 4.9 138 4.1 24.4 5.2 1.7 0.6 48.9 5.0 4.2 2.8

Northwestern Basin and Range 3 31.0 6.1 59 1.9 22.3 5.2 1.3 0.3 54.4 9.5 1.2 0.5Oregon and Washington Coast Ranges 16 40.1 4.5 208 5.2 33.6 3.3 3.4 1.1 191.2 6.9 3.2 1.9

Owyhee Uplands 1 29.0 — 29 — 19.0 — 2.0 — 56.0 — 10.3 —Southern Cascades 1 86.0 — 86 — 80.0 — 3.0 — 64.9 — 0.3 —Western Cascades 22 50.5 5.0 341 6.8 42.9 4.6 1.8 0.5 148.5 13.0 2.9 1.8Willamette Valley 6 59.7 6.6 200 3.4 37.3 6.3 11.8 3.0 187.2 32.0 34.0 19.3Note: Data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = Value can not be estimated. Native and non-native species values only include vegetation records identified to the species level. Species’ cover at the plot level were summed with no overlap assumptions (total cover could exceed 100 percent).
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

Table A1-50—Estimated area of forest land covered by selected non-native vascular plant 

species and number of sample plotsa

, by lifeform and species, Oregon, 2001–2010

Area covered Number of

Plant group and scientific name Common name Total SE plots

Acres 

Shrubs:

Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom 16,636 4,125 53

Ilex aquifolium English holly 949 289 19

Rubus armeniacus Himalayan blackberry 157,482 16,397 283

Rubus laciniatus Cutleaf blackberry 11,300 2,208 72

Forbs:

Cirsium Thistle 21,538 4,384 148

Cirsium arvense Canada thistle 7,174 2,641 41

Cirsium vulgare Bull thistle 12,093 2,616 137

Digitalis purpurea Purple foxglove 10,559 1,708 113

Hypericum perforatum Common St. Johnswort 6,173 997 93

Hypochaeris radicata Hairy cat’s ear 10,805 2,861 36

Lactuca serriola Prickly lettuce 1,216 628 10

Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye daisy 2,477 713 26

Grasses:

Aira caryophyllea Silver hairgrass 7,448 2,310 22

Brachypodium sylvaticum Slender false brome 612 362 8

Bromus briziformis Rattlesnake brome 5,133 1,554 23

Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass 204,929 14,308 640

Cynosurus echinatus Bristly dogstail grass 23,723 5,201 91

Dactylis glomerata Orchardgrass 11,747 2,487 69

Holcus lanatus Common velvetgrass 16,493 4,806 46

Taeniatherum caput-medusae Medusahead 16,724 3,923 47

Ventenata dubia North Africa grass 4,068 1,438 22

Note: Data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error. Estimates are likely low for all species because only plants present at 

>3 percent cover on a subplot were recorded, and because most grasses and some forbs can be difficult to identify to species outside of 

their short flowering seasons. 

a Total number of sample plots with accessible forest land was 5,180.
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

Table A1-51—Forest land area on which evidence of fire was observed, by year and ecosection group, 

Oregon, 1995–2009

Ecosection group

All groups Coast

Southern Oregon 

Cascades Eastern Oregon

Year Total SE Total SE Total SE Total SE

Acres

Land with evidence 

of fire:

1995 106,717 24,658 2,966 3,297 23,246 11,759 80,505 21,433

1996 149,660 29,211 23,175 11,722 11,410 8,325 115,075 25,431

1997 41,045 15,761 5,469 5,662 12,536 8,796 23,039 11,789

1998 57,577 18,148 5,826 5,843 22,385 11,374 29,367 12,886

1999 71,553 20,486 7 7 17,039 10,216 54,507 17,756

2000 130,742 27,215 11,641 8,259 26,107 12,106 87,212 22,216

2001 139,142 30,029 12,694 9,007 73,637 22,056 52,810 18,309

2002 564,686 60,565 35,437 16,153 426,859 52,333 87,259 25,077

2003 261,283 46,971 83,330 26,464 127,199 32,819 50,754 20,823

2004 92,890 30,680 19,904 14,198 10,834 10,311 62,151 25,182

2005 124,217 37,773 20,579 14,868 34,924 19,850 68,714 28,501

2006 137,574 45,566 13,673 14,154 46,759 26,283 63,338 31,378

2007 183,703 59,132 25,214 23,729 18,316 18,383 140,173 50,947

2008 86,216 50,011 — — 720 763 85,495 50,005

2009 58,255 58,429 58,255 58,429 — — — —

Average 147,017 10,193 21,211 5,101 56,798 5,283 66,693 7,103

Note: Data are subject to sampling error; SE = standard error; — = fewer then 500 ac was estimated.
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Glossary

abiotic—Pertaining to nonliving factors such as temperature, moisture, and wind.

aerial photography—Imagery acquired from an aerial 

platform (typically aircraft or helicopter) by means of a 

specialized large-format camera with well-defined optical 

characteristics. The geometry of the aircraft orientation at 

the time of image acquisition is also recorded. The resultant 

photograph will be of known scale, positional accuracy, 

and precision. Aerial photography for natural resource use 

is usually either natural color or color-infrared, and is film 

based or acquired using digital electronic sensors. 

air quality index—Value or set of values derived from a 

multivariate model that examines the composition of lichen 

communities at each plot to provide a relative estimate of 

air quality.

artificial regeneration—An artificially regenerated stand 

is established by planting or artificial seeding.

aspect—Compass direction that a slope faces.

basal area—The cross-sectional area of a tree’s trunk.

biodiversity—Variety and variability among living 

organisms and the ecological complexes in which they 

occur. Diversity can be defined as the number of different 

items and their relative frequencies. http://www.epa.gov/

OCEPAterms/bterms.html. (21 March 2008).

bioenergy—Renewable energy made available from materials derived from biological sources. http://en.wikipedia.

org/wiki/Bioenergy. (21 March 2008).

biomass—The aboveground weight of wood and bark in 

live trees 1.0 inch diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) and 

larger from the ground to the tip of the tree, excluding 

all foliage. The weight of wood and bark in lateral limbs, 

secondary limbs, and twigs under 0.5 inch in diameter at 

the point of occurrence on sapling-size trees is included in 

the measure, but on poletimber- and sawtimber-sized trees 

this material is excluded. Biomass is typically expressed as 

green or oven-dry weight in tons (USDA FS 2006). 

biosite index, ozone—A value calculated from the amount 

and severity of ozone injury at a site (biosite) that reflects 

local air quality and plant response and therefore potential 

risk of ozone impact in the area represented by that biosite 

(Campbell et al. 2007).

board foot—A volume measure of lumber I foot wide, I foot 

long, and I inch thick (12 in × 12 in × I in = 144 cubic inches). http://www.ccffa-oswa.org/B.html. (21 March 2008).

bole—Trunk or main stem of a tree.

carbon mass—The estimated weight of carbon stored within wood tissues. On average, carbon mass values are about 

half of biomass values for trees, and are summarized as 

thousand tons or mean tons per acre.

carbon sequestration—Incorporation of carbon dioxide 

into permanent plant tissues.

coarse woody material—Down dead tree and shrub boles, 

large limbs, and other woody pieces that are severed from 

their original source of growth. Coarse woody material also 

includes dead trees that are supported by roots, severed 

from roots, or uprooted, and leaning > 45 degrees from vertical (USDA FS 2006).

corporate forest land—An ownership class of private forest 

lands owned by a company, corporation, legal partnership, 

investment firm, bank, timberland investment management 

organization (TIMO), or real-estate investment trust (REIT). 

crown—The part of a tree or woody plant bearing live 

branches or foliage.

crown dieback—Recent mortality of branches with fine 

twigs, which begins at the terminal portion of a branch 

and proceeds toward the trunk. Dieback is only considered 

when it occurs in the upper and outer portions of the tree 

(USDA FS 2006).
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

crown fire—Fire that spreads across the tops of trees or 

shrubs more or less independently of a surface fire. Crown 

fires are sometimes classed as running (independent or 

active) or dependent (passive) to distinguish the degree of 

independence from the surface fire (Helms 1998).

current gross annual growth—The total growth of a given stand of trees, within a defined area, over the period of 

1 year.

cyanolichens—Lichen species containing cyanobacteria, 

which fixes atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants 

can use. 

damage—Damage to trees caused by biotic agents such 

as insects, diseases, and animals or abiotic agents such as 

weather, fire, or mechanical equipment.

defoliation—Premature removal of foliage.

diameter at breast height (d.b.h.)—The diameter of a tree 

stem, located at 4.5 feet above the ground (breast height) on 

the uphill side of a tree. The point of diameter measurement 

may vary on abnormally formed trees (USDA FS 2006).

diameter at root collar (d.r.c.)—The diameter of a tree 

(usually a woodland species), measured outside of the bark 

at the ground line or stem root collar (USDA FS 2006).

dieback—Progressive dying from the extremity of any part 

of the plant. Dieback may or may not result in death of the 

entire plant (Helms 1998). 

disturbance—Any relatively discrete event in time that 

disrupts ecosystem, community, or population structure 

and changes resources, substrate availability, or the physical 

environment (Helms 1998). 

down woody material (DWM)—Dead material on the 

ground in various stages of decay, including coarse and 

fine woody material. Previously named down woody debris (DWD). The DWM indicator for Forest Inventory and 

Analysis includes measurements of depth of duff layer, litter 

layer, and overall fuelbed; fuel loading on the microplot; 

and residue piles (USDA FS 2006).

ecological region—A top-level scale in a hierarchical classification of ecological units subdivided on the basis of global, 

continental, and regional climatic regimes and broad physiography. Ecological regions (ecoregions) are further subdivided into domains, divisions, and provinces. The next level 

down in the hierarchy, subregion, is divided into ecological 

sections (ecosections) and subsections (Cleland et al. 1997). 

ecosection—A level in a hierarchical classification of ecological units for a geographic area delineated on the basis 

of similar climate, geomorphic processes, stratigraphy, 

geologic origin, topography, and drainage systems (Cleland 

et al. 1997).

ecosystem—A spatially explicit, relatively homogeneous 

unit of the Earth that includes all interacting organisms and 

components of the abiotic environment within its boundaries. An ecosystem can be of any size: a log, a pond, a field, a 

forest, or the Earth’s biosphere (Helms 1998).

elevation—Height above a fixed reference point, often the 

mean sea level. 

erosion—The wearing away of the land surface by running 

water, wind, ice, or other geological agents .

federal forest land—An ownership class of public lands 

owned by the U.S. government (USDA FS 2006).

fine woody material (FWM)—Down dead branches, twigs, 

and small tree or shrub boles <3 inches in diameter not attached to a living or standing dead source (USDA FS 2006).

fire regime—The characteristic frequency, extent, intensity, severity, and seasonality of fires within an ecosystem 

(Helms 1998). 

fixed-radius plot—A circular sampled area with a specified 

radius in which all trees of a given size, shrubs, and other 

items, are tallied (USDA FS 2006).
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

forb—A broad-leaved herbaceous plant, as distinguished 

from grasses, shrubs, and trees (USDA FS 2006).

forest industry land—An ownership class of private lands 

owned by a company or an individual(s) operating a primary wood-processing plant (USDA FS 2006).

forest land—Land that is at least 10 percent stocked by 

forest trees of any size, or land formerly having such tree 

cover, and not currently developed for a nonforest use. The 

minimum area for classification as forest land is 1 acre. 

Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of timber must 

be at least 120 feet wide to qualify as forest land (USDA 

Forest Service 2006).

forest type—A classification of forest land based on and 

named for the tree species that forms the plurality of livetree stocking (USDA FS 2006).

forest type group—A combination of forest types that 

share closely associated species or site requirements 

(USDA FS 2006).

fuel treatment—Any manipulation or removal of wildland fuels to reduce the likelihood or ignition or to lessen 

potential fire damage and resistance to control; e.g., lopping, 

chipping, crushing, piling, and burning. Synonym: fuel 

modification, hazard reduction (Helms 1998). 

fuelwood—Wood salvaged from mill waste, cull logs, 

branches, etc., and used to fuel fires in a boiler or furnace.

fungus—Member of a group of saprophytic and parasitic organisms that lack chlorophyll, have cell walls made 

of chitin, and reproduce by spores; includes molds, rusts, 

mildews, smuts, and mushrooms. Fungi absorb nutrients 

from the organic matter in which they live. Not classified 

as plants; instead fungi are placed in the Kingdom: Fungi 

(Goheen and Willhite 2006). 

geospatial—The combination of spatial software and analytical methods with terrestrial or geographic datasets. 

Often used in conjunction with geographic information 

systems and geomatics.

graminoid—Grasses (family Gramineae or Poaceae) and 

grasslike plants such as sedges (family Cyperaceae) and 

rushes (family Juncaceae). 

grassland—Land on which the vegetation is dominated by 

grasses, grasslike plants, or forbs. 

greenhouse gas—A gas, such as carbon dioxide or methane, that contributes to potential climate change. http://

www.epa.gov/OCEPAterms/gterms.html. (21 March 2008).

growing stock—All live trees 5 inches d.b.h or larger that 

are considered merchantable in terms of saw-log length, and 

grade; excludes rough and rotten-cull trees (USDA FS 2006).

hardwood—Tree species belonging to the botanical subdivision Angiospermae, class Dicotyledonous, usually broadleaved and deciduous (USDA FS 2006).

increment borer—An auger-like instrument with a hollow 

bit and an extractor, used to extract thin radial cylinders of 

wood (increment cores) from trees having annual growth 

rings, to determine increment or age (Helms 1998). 

interpolation—A method of reallocating attribute data 

from one spatial representation to another. Kriging is a 

more complex example that allocates data from sample 

points to a surface. 

invasive plant—Plants that are not native to the ecosystem 

under consideration and that cause or are likely to cause 

economic or environmental harm or harm to human, animal, or plant health. http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/

docs/council/isacdef.pdf. (21 March 2008).

ladder fuel—Combustible material that provides vertical 

continuity between vegetation strata and allows fire to climb 

into the crowns of trees or shrubs with relative ease. Ladder 

fuels help initiate and ensure the continuation of a crown 

fire (Helms 1998). 
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GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PNW-GTR-958

lichen—An organism consisting of a fungus and an alga 

or cyanobacterium living in symbiotic association. Lichens 

look like masses of small, leafy, tufted or crust-like plants 

(USDA FS 2006).

live trees—All living trees, including all size classes, all 

tree classes, and both commercial and noncommercial species for tree species listed in the FIA field manual (USDA 

FS 2006).

mean annual increment (MAI) at culmination—A 

measure of the productivity of forest land expressed as the 

average increase in cubic feet of wood volume per acre per 

year. For a given species and site index, the mean is based 

on the age at which the MAI culminates for fully stocked 

natural stands. The MAI is based on the site index of the 

plot (Azuma et al. 2004).

mensuration—Determination of dimensions, form, weight, 

growth, volume, and age of trees, individually, or collectively, and of the dimensions of their products (Helms 1998). 

mesic—Describes sites or habitats characterized by intermediate moisture conditions; i.e., neither decidedly wet nor dry.

microclimate—The climate of a small area, such as that under a plant or other cover, differing in extremes of temperature 

and moisture from the larger climate outside (Helms 1998). 

MMBF—A million board feet of wood in logs or lumber. 

model—(1) An abstract representation of objects and events 

from the real world for the purpose of simulating a process, 

predicting an outcome, or characterizing a phenomenon. (2) 

geographic information system (GIS) data representative 

of reality (e.g., spatial data models), including the arc-node, 

georelational model, rasters or grids, polygon, and triangular irregular networks (Helms 1998).

mortality—The death of trees from natural causes, or subsequent to incidents such as storms, wildfire, or insect and 

disease epidemics (Helms 1998). 

municipal land—Land owned by municipalities or land 

leased by them for more than 50 years (USDA FS 2006).

national forest lands—Federal lands that have been designated by Executive order or statute as national forest or 

purchase units and other lands under the administration of 

the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, including experimental areas and Bankhead-Jones Title III lands 

(Azuma et al. 2004).

Native American lands—Tribal lands, and allotted lands 

held in trust by the federal government. Native American 

lands are grouped with farmer-owned and miscellaneous 

private lands as other private lands (Azuma et al. 2004).

native species—Plant species that were native to an 

American region prior to Euro-American settlement. For 

vascular plants, they are the species that are not present on 

the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) 

(2000) list of non-native species (see non-native species) 

(USDA NRCS 2000).

net primary production (NPP)—NPP represents the 

amount of chemical energy that is available to consumers in 

an ecosystem. It is the remaining energy from gross primary productivity discounting the loss of energy required by 

primary producers for respiration.

net volume—Gross volume less deductions for sound and 

rotten defects. Growing-stock net volume is gross volume 

(in cubic feet) less deductions for rot and missing bole 

sections on poletimber and sawtimber growing-stock trees. 

Sawtimber net volume is gross volume (in board feet) less 

deductions for rot, sweep, crook, missing bole sections, and 

other defects that affect the use of sawtimber trees for lumber (Azuma et al. 2004).

noncensus water—Lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and similar 

bodies of water 1.0 ac to 4.5 ac in size. Rivers, streams, canals, etc., 30.0 to 200 feet wide.
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noncorporate forest land—Private forest land owned by 

nongovernmental conservation or natural resource organizations; unincorporated partnerships, associations, or clubs; 

individuals or families; or Native Americans.

nonforest inclusion—An area that is not forested and is 

less than 1.0 ac and does not qualify as its own condition 

class (USDA FS 2006).

nonforest land—Land that has never supported forests or 

formerly was forested and currently is developed for nonforest uses. Included are lands used for agricultural crops, 

Christmas tree farms, cottonwood plantations, improved 

pasture, residential areas, city parks, constructed roads, operating railroads and their right-of-way clearings, powerline 

and pipeline clearings. The area must be at least 1.0 ac in 

size and 120.0 feet wide. 

non-native species—Plant species that were introduced to 

America subsequent to Euro-American settlement. Nonnative vascular plants are present on the USDA (USDA 

Natural Resources Conservation Service 2000).

nonstocked areas—Timberland that is less than 10 percent 

stocked with live trees. Recent clearcuts scheduled for planting are classified as nonstocked area (Azuma et al. 2004).

nontimber forest products (NTFP)—Species harvested 

from forests for reasons other than production of timber 

commodities. Vascular plants, lichens, and fungi are the primary organisms included in NTFPs.

old-growth forest—Old-growth forest is differentiated 

from younger forest by its structure and composition, and 

often by its function. Old-growth stands are typified by the 

presence of large older trees; variety in tree species, sizes, 

and spacing; multiple canopy layers; high amounts of standing and down dead wood; and broken, deformed, or rotting 

tops, trunks, and roots (Franklin et al. 1986). 

other forest—Forest land that is unproductive (land not capable of producing more than 20 cubic feet of wood per acre 

per year). In tables where reserved and unreserved forest 

land are not broken out, ‘other forest’ includes all reserved 

forest land as well as unproductive forest land. 

other private forest lands—Lands in private ownership 

and not reported separately. These may include coal companies, land trusts, and other corporate private landowners 

(USDA FS 2006).

overrun—Difference between the log scale of a shipment 

of timber and the actual volume of lumber obtained from it. 

overstory—That portion of the trees, in a forest of more than 

one story, forming the uppermost canopy layer (Helms 1998). 

owner class—A variable that classifies land into categories 

of ownership. Current ownership classes are listed in the 

FIA field manual (USDA FS 2006).

owner group—A variable that combines owner classes into 

the following groups: Forest Service, other federal agency, 

state and local government, and private. Differing categories of owner group on a plot require different conditions 

(USDA FS 2006).

ownership—A legal entity having an ownership interest 

in land, regardless of the number of people involved. An 

ownership may be an individual; a combination of persons; 

a legal entity such as corporation, partnership, club, or trust; 

or a public agency. An ownership has control of a parcel or 

group of parcels of land (USDA FS 2006).

ozone (O3), tropospheric—A regional, gaseous air pollutant produced primarily through sunlight-driven chemical reactions of nitrogen oxide (NO2) and hydrocarbons 

in the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere). 

Ozone plays a significant role in greenhouse warming and 

urban smog and causes foliar injury to deciduous trees, 

conifers, shrubs, and herbaceous species (Air and Waste 

Management Association 1998). 
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pathogen—Parasitic organism directly capable of causing 

disease.

photointerpretation (aerial photography)—A process 

where points, or areas of interest on an aerial photograph 

are studied to determine information about land cover. 

The FIA program uses photo interpretation to determine 

whether field plots are forested or not, the possible forest 

type and size class, and in analysis for land cover and land 

use changes. 

prescribed burn—Deliberate burning of wildland fuels in 

either their natural or their modified state and under specified environmental conditions, usually to make the site less 

susceptible to severe wildfire. Synonym: controlled burn, 

prescribed fire (adapted from Helms 1998).

productive forest land—Forest land that is producing or 

capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre 

per year of wood at culmination of mean annual increment 

(MAI) without regard to reserved status (USDA FS 2006).

public land—An ownership group that includes all federal, state, county, and municipal lands (USDA Forest 

Service 2006).

quadrat—The basic 3.28 square feet sampling unit for the 

Phase 3 Vegetation Indicator (USDA FS 2006).

rangeland—Expansive, mostly unimproved lands on which a 

significant proportion of the natural vegetation is native grasses, grass-like plants, forbs, and shrubs. Rangelands include 

natural grasslands, savannas, shrublands, many deserts, tundra, alpine communities, coastal marshes, and wet meadows. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangeland. (21 March 2008).

regeneration (artificial and natural)—The established 

progeny from a parent plant, seedlings, or saplings existing 

in a stand, or the act of renewing tree cover by establishing 

young trees naturally or artificially. May be artificial (direct 

seeding or planting) or natural (natural seeding, coppice, or 

root suckers) (Adapted from Helms 1998).

remote sensing—Capture of information about the Earth 

from a distant vantage point. The term is often associated 

with satellite imagery but also applies to aerial photography, airborne digital sensors, ground-based detectors, and 

other devices. 

reserved forest land—Land permanently reserved from 

management for the production of wood products by statute. 

Examples include national wilderness areas, national parks 

and monuments, and state parks.

richness—The number of different species in a given area, 

often referred to at the plot scale as alpha diversity and at 

the region scale as gamma diversity (USDA NRCS 2000).

riparian—Related to, living in, or associated with a wetland, such as the bank of a river or stream or the edge of a 

lake or tidewater. The riparian biotic community significantly influences and is influenced by the neighboring body 

of water (Helms 1998). 

sampling error—Difference between a population value 

and a sample estimate that is attributable to the sample, 

as distinct from errors due to bias in estimation, errors in 

observation, etc. Sampling error is measured as the standard 

error of the sample estimate (Helms 1998). 

sapling—A live tree 1.0 to 4.9 inches in diameter (USDA 

FS 2006).

saw log—A log meeting minimum standards of diameter, 

length, and defect for manufacture into lumber or plywood. 

The definition includes logs with a minimum diameter outside bark for softwoods of 7 inches (9 inches for hardwoods) 

(Azuma et al. 2004). 

sawtimber trees—Live softwood trees of commercial species at least 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and live hardwood trees of 

commercial species at least 11.0 inches in diameter breast 

height At least 25 percent of the board foot volume in a sawtimber tree must be free from defect. Softwood trees must 

contain at least one 12-foot saw log with a top diameter of 
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Oregon’s Forest Resources, 2001–2010: Ten-Year Forest Inventory and Analysis Report

not less than 7 inches outside bark; hardwood trees must 

contain at least one 8-foot saw log with a top diameter of not 

less than 9 inches outside bark (Azuma et al. 2004).

Scribner rule—The common board-foot log rule used to 

determine sawtimber volume. Scribner volume is estimated in terms of 32-foot logs for softwoods and 16-foot logs 

for hardwoods.

seedlings—Live trees <1.0 inch diameter at breast height 

and at least 6 inches in height (softwoods) or 12 inches in 

height (hardwoods) (USDA FS 2006).

shrub—Perennial, multi-stemmed woody plant, usually less than 13 to 16 feet in height, although under certain 

environmental conditions shrubs may be single-stemmed or 

taller than 16 feet. Includes succulents (e.g., cacti) (USDA 

FS 2007). 

shrubland—A shrub-dominated vegetation type that does 

not qualify as forest. 

slope—Measure of change in surface value over distance, 

expressed in degrees or as a percentage (Helms 1998). 

snag—Standing dead tree ≥5 inches diameter at breast 

height and ≥4.5 feet in length, with a lean of <45 degrees. 

Dead trees leaning more than 45 degrees are considered to 

be down woody material. Standing dead material shorter 

than 4.5 feet are considered stumps (USDA FS 2007).

species group—A collection of species used for reporting 

purposes (USDA FS 2006). 

species turnover—A measure of difference in species composition among plots within an area (e.g., ecological section). 

Also known as beta diversity. Species turnover is calculated by dividing the total number of species in an area by the 

mean number of species per plot (USDA NRCS 2000). 

specific gravity constants—Ratio of the density (weight 

per unit volume) of an object (such as wood) to the density 

of water at 4 °C (39.2 °F) (Helms 1998). 

stand age—Average age of the live dominant and 

codominant trees in the predominant stand size class 

(USDA FS 2006).

stand size class—A classification of stands based on tree 

size. Large-diameter stands have the majority of trees at 

least 11.0 inches diameter at breast height for hardwoods and 

9.0 inches diameter at breast height for softwoods; Mediumdiameter stands have the majority of trees at least 5.0 inches 

diameter at breast height but not as large as large-diameter 

trees; and small-diameter stands have the majority of trees 

less than 5.0 inches diameter at breast height.

state land—An ownership class of public lands owned 

by states or lands leased by states for more than 50 years 

(USDA FS 2006).

stocked/nonstocked—In the FIA program, a minimum 

stocking value of 10 percent live trees is required for accessible forest land (USDA FS 2007).

stocking—(1) At the tree level, the density value assigned 

to a sampled tree (usually in terms of numbers of trees or 

basal area per acre), expressed as a percentage of the total 

tree density required to fully use the growth potential of the 

land. (2) At the stand level, the sum of the stocking values 

of all trees sampled (Bechtold and Patterson 2005).

stratification—A statistical tool used to reduce the variance of the attributes of interest by partitioning the population into homogenous strata (Bechtold and Patterson 2005). 

succession—The gradual supplanting of one community of 

plants by another (Helms 1998).

surface fire—A fire that burns only surface fuels, such as 

litter, loose debris, and small vegetation (Helms 1998).

sustainability—The capacity of forests, ranging from 

stands to ecoregions, to maintain their health, productivity, 

diversity, and overall integrity in the long run, in the context 

of human activity and use (Helms 1998).
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terrestrial—Of or relating to the Earth or its inhabitants; of 

or relating to land as distinct from air or water. http://www.

merriam-webster.com/dictionary/terrestrial. (21 March 2008).

timberland—Forest land that is producing or capable of 

producing >20 cubic feet per acre per year of wood at culmination of mean annual increment (MAI). Timberland 

excludes reserved forest lands (USDA FS 2006).

transect—A narrow sample strip or a measured line laid 

out through vegetation chosen for study (Helms 1998). 

tree—A woody perennial plant, typically large, with a 

single well-defined stem carrying a more or less definite 

crown; sometimes defined as attaining a minimum diameter 

of 3 inches and a minimum height of 15 feet at maturity. For 

FIA, any plant on the tree list in the current field manual is 

measured as a tree (USDA FS 2006).

understory—All forest vegetation growing under an overstory (Helms 1998).

unproductive forest land—Forest land that is not capable 

of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of 

wood at culmination of MAI without regard to reserved status (USDA FS 2006).

unreserved forest land—Forest land that is not withdrawn from harvest by statute or administrative regulation. 

Includes forest lands that are not capable of producing in 

excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of industrial wood 

in natural stands (Smith et al. 2004).

vascular plant—A plant possessing a well-developed 

system of conducting tissue to transport water, mineral 

salts, and sugars. http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/

Vascular_plant. (21 March 2008).

wilderness—(1) According to the Wilderness Act of 1964,

“a wilderness, in contrast with those areas where man and 

his works dominate the landscape, is hereby recognized as 

an area where the Earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man himself is a visitor who does 

not remain.” (2) A roadless land legally classified as a component area of the National Wilderness Preservation System 

and managed to protect its qualities of naturalness, solitude, 

and opportunity for primitive recreation. Wilderness areas 

are usually of sufficient size to make maintenance in such a 

state feasible (Helms 1998).

wildfire—Any uncontained fire, other than prescribed fire, 

occurring on wildland. Synonym: wildland fire (adapted 

from Helms 1998).

wildland—Land other than that dedicated for uses such as 

agriculture, urban, mining, or parks (Helms 1998).

wildland forest—A large continuous tract of forest with 

few or no developed structures on it. Delineated on aerial 

imagery for the purpose of detecting land use change. The 

Pacific Northwest Forest Inventory and Analysis program 

and the Oregon Department of Forestry jointly use a minimum of 640 ac with fewer than five developed structures to 

designate wildland forest.
California’s Forest Resources: Forest Inventory and Analysis, 2001–2010

Pacific Northwest Research Station

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P.O. Box 3890

Portland, OR 97208–3890
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Pacific Northwest Research Station

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