FAYETTE COUNTY

TABLE 6, - RESERVES IN LOWER KITTANNING (B) BED, January 1, 1950

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 wm | ul iw [| 3 | is | 16 [17 [1s 19 20
rr
area ot | gf | area | underiain | 231, 0¥6" Coal over Estimated coal reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Total reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Percentage Estimated
Quadrangle lquadrangle| “from | outside ob coal in place’ | Mined out, | 14” thick | Measured 14” to 28” thick 28” to 42” thick Over 42” thick 14” and more thick | 28” and more thick | recoverable, reserves 28” an
in county, | estimate, | outcrop, | 0”t014" | cricinaiy, | acres | remaining, | indicated Thousand Thousands Thousands Thousands Thousands | including all ves hick
acres | ifacres | acres | thick acres) scree acres Acres | “ettons | Aeres | vor tons | A*@ | oftons | Acres of tons Acres | of tons | ining 108825 | stands of tons
, Measured 32 130 3,209] 16,519 - - 3,21 16,649 3,209] 16,519 9,043
Connellsville . 63,145] 51,130} 8,650 12k 3,24. - 3,241 | Indicated - - - - - - - - - -
Total 32 130 | 3,209) 16,519 - - 3.202 16,649 | 3,209| 16,519] She 7h 94043
Measured | 1,736] 6,250 | 74750] 40,672 | 3,435) 23,256 | 12,921 70,180 | 11,185] 63,930 34,995
43,385] 3,863] 19,646 ah 19,792 2,954 | 16,838 | Indicated - - 3,917 | 19,406 - - 3.917 19,406 3.917 | 19,406 10,623
Total | 1,736 6,250 | 11,667] 60,078 3.435, 23,258 | 16,838 89,586 | 15,102] 83,336 ue 74 5,618
Measured | 2,694] 10,459 | 4,547] 20,864 56 Wi5 | 7,297 31,768 | 4,603] 21,309 11,664
146,379] 100,401} 37,224 - 8,754 - 8,754 |Indicated | 1,457 | 5,671. - - - - 1,457 5,672 - - -
Total | 4,151 | 16,130 4,547 | 20,864 56 WW | 8,754 37,439 4,603 | 21,309 Sue TH 11,664
Measured 1,769 6,070 466 225i 155 917 24390 2.28 6a 3.21 1,758
T1,160| 21,026] 43,203 80 6,851 - 6,851 |Indicated | 4,296 | 13,532 165 - - 4,461 14,374 165 Bh Yen
Total | 6,065] 19,602 631] 3,076 155 977 | 6,851 23,655 786 4,053 Be TH 2,29
Measured 6,231 | 22,909 | 15,972} 80,289 3,646 24,680 | 25,849 127,878 19,68 104,969 51.460
Indicated | 5,753 | 19,203 | 4,082] 20,2h6 - - 94835 39,452 082 | 20,248 ii,ost
Total seseeee | 324,069| 176,420 |108, 723 288 38,638 2,954 | 35,684 Total [11,984 | 42,112 | 20,054 | 100,537 3e646 24,680 | 35,684 167,329 | 23,700 | 125,217 eT 68, 544
FAYEDTE COUNTY
TARLE 7. - RESERVES IN BROOKVILLE-CLARION BED, January 1, 1950
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9] ow [| u [ 2 [ 3 [| is_| 16 Liv [is 19 20
‘Areas Coal over Estimated coal reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Total reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Estimated
Area of Area Underlain ” Coal over Percentage
Quadrangle lquadrangle| excluded outside | _by coal “ nee Mined out, | 14” thick | Measured 14” to 28” thick 28” to 42” thick Over 42” thick 14” and more thick | 28” and more thick | recoverable, eee 4
in county, | estimate, | outcrop, | 0” to 14” | originally, acres | remaining, | Indicated Thousands Thousands Thousands Thousands Thousands | including all ‘more thick,
acres | acres | acres | thick acres) acres acres acres | "'ortons | AeFe5 | ottons | Acres | oftons | Acres of tons Acres | oftons | Mining lOSseS ba cands of tons
Measured 298 895 22 99 - - 320 994 22 99 50
Connellsville . 63,145] 55,100] 7,685) ho 320 - 320 [Indicated - - - - - - - - - - .
Total 298 895 22 99 - - 320 9g 22 99 | 2/50-00 50
Measured - - 63 3 57 479 120 819 120 819 Yo
43,385] 27,336) 15,929 - 120 - 120 |Indicated | - - - - - - - - - - .
Total - - 63 340 57 4T9 120 819 120 819 | 2/50.00 ko
: Measured 2oL 270 128 647 | 2,230] 19,852 | 2,459 20,768 | 2,358] 20,498 10,249
Uniontown «++. | 146,379/ 96,432] 47,488) - 2,459 - 2,459 [Indicated | - - - - ~ - - - - = a
Total 101 270 128 OMT 2,230] 19,852 2,459 20,768 2,358 | 20,498 | 2/50.90 10,249
Measured 297 1,006 1,363] 6,542 n 596 1,731 8,14 1,434 7,138 3,569
Confluence .... | 71,160] 34,301] 35,128) = 1,732 - 1,731 [Indicated | - - - - - - 2 : 2 L i
Total 297 | 1,006 | 1,363] 6,542 n 596 | 3,732 8,14 | 1,434] 7,138 | 2/50.00 3,569
Measured 696 | 2,171 | 1,576] 7,628 | 2,358] 20,926 | 4,630 30,725 | 3,934 | 28,554 14,278
Indicated | - - - - - - - - - - -
Total ..e.e0. | 324,069] 213,169] 106,230] ho 4,630 - 4,630 Total 696 217 1,576 | 7,628 2,358 | 20,926 4,630 30,725 3,934 | 28,554 | 2/50.00 14,278
“1 No information available from core drilling, mine workings, or coal outcrops on which to base estimates of
measured and indicated reserves. These areas may contain additional geologically inferred reserves.
2/ Estimated
-8-

4370




TARLE 11, - ses of Fayette Comty coals
As=
Kind af || received Dry basis
Location Boa Rankl/ | sampie2/[" Moist. | Vol. [ F.C. Sul] Btu,
i 2 3 + € id Ey 9 10

Brownsville .

1-1/2 mi, SE. of Waynesburg ‘Evab M 2.1 35.6 | 50.4 | 14.0] 2.9 | 12,980

Lm. W. of do. do. M 3.2 30.6 | 46.0 | 23.4 | 3.3 | 11.500
Gates

1/2 mi. EB, of do. do. M 3.7 33.1 | 53.2 | 13.7] 1.3 | 12,850
Fairchance Sewickley do. M 1.8 35.1 | 52.7 |12,2 | 3.8 | 13,310
Hopwood

lm. W. of do. do. M 2.8 34.7 | 54.2 | 11.1] 3.0 | 13,570
Lemont Furnace do, do. M 1.8 33-3 | 54.7 | 12.0] 3.4 | 13,320
Masontown

3/4 mi. 8. of do. do. M AL 34.7 | 51.2 | 14.1] 2.3 | 13,040
Morris Crossroads 40.3/ do, M LS 31.1 | 54.6 | 14.3 | 2.5 | 12,800
New Geneva

1/2 mi. N. of do. do. M 2.1 36.7 | 53.2 | 10.1} 3.3 | 13,500
Revere

1h mi. E. of ao. do, M 2.2 | 34.8 | 55.2 ]10.0] 3.0 | 13,630
Uniontown

imi, E, of 40.3/ do. M 2.5 26.4 | 57.4 | 14.2] 3.8 | 13,070
Masontown

ife mi. S. of Redstone do. M 3.2 34.9 | 56.9 | 8.2) 2.7 | 13,850
Morris Croseroads 40.3/ ao. x 3.2 | 31.3 157-7 |11.0] 1.3 | 13,550
Star Juncticn do., do. v 2.2 30.7 | 53-4 | 15.9] 2.0 | 12,700
Edenbarn Pittsburgh do. M 1.8 33.6 | 59.3 | 7.1] 2.2 | 14,170
East Millsbaro do. do. M 2.5 | 36.6]55.0| 8.4/1.8 | 14,200
Fairchance

1-1/2 mi, SW. of do. do. M 4S 31.8 | 61.0 | 7.2]1.2 | 14,150
Leisenring ao. do. M 244 | 32.7 156.5 10.8] 1.0 | 13,660
Mascntown

Limi. IW. of do. do. M 2.5 | 34.2|57.6] 8.2/2.0 | 14,010
Mt, Braddock do. ao. M 1.6 | 33.0 | 58.8 | 8.2/1.2 | 14,070
New Geneva

2-1/2 mi. SE. of do. do. M 3.7 36.2 | 56.9] 6.9] 2.4 | 1k,1k0
Oliphant ao, do. M 2.9 | 31.9] 61.7 | 6.4] 1.0 | 14,300
Point Marion

Lm. SE. of do, do. M ak 36.6 |56.1] 7.3} 2.1 | 14,160

2 mi. N, of ao, ao. M 3.6 35.7 157.6 | 6.7 | 2.0 LO
Revere

1k mi, EL of do. do. M 34 30.7 |60.9 | 8.4]1.3 | 14,080
Waltersburg

lmi. 8, of do, do, M 2.3 | 33.7 [57.7 | 8.6/2.2 | 13,880
Dunbar

1/2 mi. 8. of Upper Freeport | do. M 2.1 | 31.6 |55.1 }13.3 [2.5 | 13,220
2 mi, SE. of do.3, Mrd M 2.2 2h.7 159.2 16.1] 2.6 | 12,760
Layton

lm. N. of do. Evab M 2.3 34.7 158.4 | 6.9] 2.2 | 1h,230
Somerfield

1/t mi. W. of do. Mov M 2.1 25.4 157.9 116.7 | 3.4 | 12,740
Uniontown .

3m. E. of do. Hvab M 2.7 28.9 156.6 |14.5|3.9 | 12,910
Whitehouse

1/k mi. BE. of 40.3/ do. M 3.7 26.1 155.5 16.4] 2.5 | 12,380

1/2 mi. E. of Lower Freeport | do. M 3.0 | 28,5 |58.2 ]13.3] 1.3 | 13,190
2 mi, SE. of d0.3/ do. M 2.0 27.9 155.9 [16.2] 1.9 | 12,730
Indian Head

mi, ME. of do. Mb M 2.2 | 2h.2 | 64.6 }11.2 13.9 | 13,620
Ohiopyle

lat. 8, of do, do. M 3.3 | 25.8. ]64.5 | 9.7 |3.2 | 14,070

3 mi. N. of do. do. M 3.3 29.8 | 63.6 | 6.6] 3.0 | 14,390
Rodgers Mills

2-1/2 mi, 8. of do. do. ra 2.8 | 25.2 | 64.2 |10.6]3.0 | 13,750
Whitehouse

1/h mi. EL of do.3/ do. M 43 26.8 154.3 [18.9] 0.8 | 11,930
Ohbiopyle Upper Kittanning] do. M 2.6 Okey 2 115.4) 2.4 | 12,920

1-1/2 mi. WW, of 40.3/ Bvab M 2.3 | 32.5 ]58.0] 9.5] 2.9 | 14,040
Rodgers Mills do. Mb M 2.7 | 24.8 ]66.1 | 9.1] 2.3 | 14,150
Indian Head Lover Kittamning| do, ira 3.0 | 24.2 |67.6 | 8.2/1.8 | 14,3h0
Kaufmann \e ‘Evab M 2.8 30.8 [62.5 | 6.7 |3.6 | 14,320
Lake Lynn 40.3/ do. M LT 32.7 158.9 | 8.4 13.3 | 14,050
Melcroft do. Myb M 3.1 2h.8 | 66.2 | 9.1) 2.3 | 14,170
Obtopyle do. do. M 3.0 24.9 | 63.0 |12.1 | 4.2 | 13,560

¥ ‘Hvab = High-volatile A bituminous; Mvb = Medium-volatile bituminous.

/ M = Mine

3 T= tipple sample,

3/ Published here for the first tims.

4370

-17-








FOREWORD

Since its creation by Congress in 1910, the Bureau of Mines has borne a heavy
responsibility for technical progress in the mining, preparation, and utilization of
our national fuel reserves, Similarly, it has pioneered in scientific studies lead-
ing to better health and safety in mining and more efficient conservation of fuel
resources.

Conservation means a full but prudent use of the national resources with avoid-
ance of waste. Conservation requires an inventory to determine the extent, availa-
bility, and condition of our resources for, without these facts, it is impossible for
either industry or Government to plan for sustained production and maintenance of the
industrial capacity so essential to our peacetime prosperity and wartime survival.
This is true particularly of fuels needed for special prrposes, such as metallurgical
coking coals that must possess certain favorable properties. Heavy use of our limited
reserves of good coking coal has resulted in severe depletion and, in some areas, ex-
haustion of the thickest and best beds.

At the request of the Munitions Board, Department of Defense, the Bureau of Mines,
made preliminary arrangements early in 1948 for an investigation of Imown minable re-
serves of coal that were or could be made suitable for the manufacture of metallurgical
coke. In August of that year, actual field work began in the low- and medium-volatile
coking coal fields of the Appalachian Region, specifically central Pennsylvania and
southern West Virginia. As both the economic and technologic factors that determine
whether a particular coal can be used for producing metallurgical coke will vary with
changing conditions, the investigation was planned to cover three phases:

(1) A determination from available data of coal reserves with coking properties
that occur in beds thick enough and within depths considered economically minable by
present methods, together with such additioal reserves as may become economically
minable under future conditions of improved technology and greater need.

(2) A study of the preparation characteristics of the reserves thereby developed
to determine: (a) which coals are suitable under present standards for producing metal-
lurgical coke either as mined or after beneficiation by conventional preparation methods,
and (b) which coals would require special and more intensive treatment in mining, prepa-
ration, or both,

(3) A study of the carbonizing properties of the reserves thus developed to deter-
mine the yield and quality of coke, gas, and chemical products that can be obtained from
coals carbonized singly and in blends.

This report is me ina series, by counties, covering in detail the estimated mown
minable coking coal reserves determined under the first phase of the investigation. -It

4370


Upper Freeport Bed
(See fig. 5 and table 5.)

The Upper Freeport bed contains the largest known recoverable reserves of any
bed in the county, despite large areas excluded from the estimate because of insuf-
ficient information on bed characteristics. In the western part of the county,
there has not been enough prospecting by drilling to obtain the necessary data on
which to estimate reserves. Outcrop sections of the bed show the Upper Freeport to
be variable in thickness. Known reserves in the northwest quarter of the county
adjoining Westmoreland and Washington counties are in a bed 5-1/2 to 7 feet thick.
Sections of the Upper Freeport in areas of remaining recoverable reserves follow:

Northwest Part of County

Material Inches Material Inches

68

10

4

THICKNOSS. se eeseseeeeeeee 7-1/2 THIcMOSS......s.eeeeeeeee 82

ThicknesSS......eseseeeeeee 66

39

3

13

2

COAL..... =

Thickness... gl
ThicknesS......eeeeeeeeeee 38

Central Part of County

Inches Material Inches

17 COAL. ce esse eeeeeccecterene 37

4 2

Bw 16

1

Thiclness.....seseeseseees 33 6

COAL. eeeeeee ah ThickneS6...s.eseeeeeeseee €
2

14 COAL. cesses ecerecetncces o 29

12 Parting. . 2

1o COAL.. . 5

3 Parting. . 1

COAL. ees eens 21 COAL... 4

Thickness.....sseeeeceeeee 86 ThicknessS........006 4L

4370 -15-


Table 8 is a recapitulation by beds in Fayette Comty. Reserves in all beds
14 inches and more thick are estimated at 942,657,000 short tons as of January 1,
1950. Of this total, 840,613,000 short tons are in beds 28 inches and more thick.
Recoverable reserves in beds 28 inches and more thick are estimated at 460,257,000
tons.

TABLE 8, - Recapitulation of reserves, Fayette County, Pa.,

January 1, 1950
Thousands of tons 1 /

In beds In. beds Recoverable=

14 inches 28 inches Thousands
Bed and more thick | and more thick | Percentage] of tons

Waynesburg... 20h ,538 198 ,690 2/50.00 99,346
Sewickley. . 100,761 77,994 2/60.00 46,796
Redstone... 41 oud 38 575 63.21 2h 382
Pittsburgh... 3/131,717 3/331,717 64.90 | 4/79,952
Upper Freeport........ 266,343 239,866 52.93 126,960
Lower Kittanning a 167 329 125,217 Shek 68 , 544
Brookville-Clarion. 30,725 28 554 2/50.00 14,278
TotAlscsscesseseeees . 3/942 ,657 3/840,613 55.41 | 4/k60,257

1/ Based on reserves in beds 28 inches and more thick.
2/ Estimated,
* Includes 8,585,000 tons under river.
Reserves under river excluded; considered not recoverable.

The weighted average percentage recovery for each bed in the county is shown in
tables 1 to 7, inclusive, The highest percentage of recovery is 66.97 for the
Pittsburgh bed in the Brownsville quadrangle. The lowest is 50 percent estimated for
the Waynesburg and Brookville-Clarion beds, The weighted average percentage of re-
covery, including all mining losses for all beds in the county, is 55.41. Based on
this recovery for all beds, the Imown recoverable reserves 28 inches and more thick
in Fayette County are estimated at 460,257,000 short tons as of January 1, 1950.

Reese and Sister3/ estimated coal reserves 18 inches and more thick in 1922 for
Fayette Comty, This estimate was based on 1,687.5 short tons per acre-foot of coal
in place and on a recovery of 60.1 percent {recoverable reserves divided by original
tons less mined-out and lost tons). Ashley®/ revised the Reese-Sisler estimates to
bring them up to the end of 1942, The revisions were based on studies made after
1922, which were assumed to be characteristic of the bituminous coal field of
Pennsylvania as a whole.

One of the studies made after 1922 was by MoyerL/ on the coal reserves of
Fayette County. Ashley used the Moyer estimate as a basis for the revision of re-
serve estimates for Fayette County in lieu of the Reese-Sisler estimate. Both the
Moyer and the Reese-and-Sisler estimates include inferred reserves and, therefore,

5/ Reese, John F,, and Sisler, James D,, Bituminous Coal Fields of Pennsylvania.
Coal Resources: Pennsylvania Geol. Survey Bull. M-6, pt. 3; 1928, 153 pp.

6/ Ashley, George H., Pennsylvania's Mineral Heritage: Part 2, Mineral Resources:
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Internal Affairs, 1944, pp. 61-82,

J/ Hickok, W. 0., IV, and Moyer, E, T., Geology and Mineral Resources of Fayette
County, Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Geol. Survey Bull. C-26, 1940, 530 pp.

4370 -9-


LEGEND
[EI Reserves in beds over 28° thick

Mined out
[_Joutside outcrop

Figure 4. - Pittsburgh bed, Fayette County, Pa., January 1, 1950.


III eserves in beds over 28° thick
reserves in beds tess than 28” thick
EEE2ined out

ELIE es exceed trom estimate

Outside outcrop

Figure 2. - Waynesburg bed, Fayette County, Pa., January 1, 1950.


Material Inches

COAL.....24. B
2
9
11
8
ThickneSS.....+.eeeseeeees 43 Thichness.....-sseeeeeceee 31

Eastern Part of County

Inches Material Inches

25 COAL. eee ee 23

7 Parting.... 2

20 COAL... 18

1 Parting. 3

COAL... esse eee 3 COAL... 4... 5

Parting. . 2

Thickness....esee esse ee ees 56 COAL. cee seeeee 29

COAL... 20 Thickness..... teen vereeee 88
Parting. 2

COAL... eeseeeee 1b COAL... cece eee cesses 32

Parting. 6

Thickness.. 36 COAL. ... . seeee RB

COAL. cess ences 20 THicknOSS....+ssseeeecoece 49
Parting... oe 2
COAL.....+ 16

ThickneSS....e.sesscseeeee 38
ANALYSES OF FAYETTE COUNTY COALS

The chemical analyses in table 11 are arranged stratigraphically for the mjor
coal-producing beds. Most of the analyses are of composite samples made by combining
three or more mine samples to obtain a mine average. As these are mine samples, the
quality of coal indicated generally is higher than that of tipple samples. The coal
classified by rank falls into the high-volatile A and medium-voletile bituminous
groups. Generally, the coal west of Chestnut Ridge is in the high-volatile A bitu-
minous group, and that east of the ridge is in the medium-volatile bituminous group.

The analyses are arranged alphabetically according to towns for each bed and
have, for the most part, been published in Technical Paper 590, "Analyses of
Pennsylvania Bituminous Coals." Those published for the first time in this report
are indicated by footnote 3 in colum 2 of table ll.

4370 - 16 -


FAYETTE COUNTY

‘TABLE 3, - RESERVES IN REDSTONE BED, January 1, 1950

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9] 0 [u [ei fs fi 1s | 16 Liv [is 19 20
Area of ones g] Area | Underlain ver ‘ck Coal over Estimated coal reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Total reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Percentage Estimated
Quadrangle lquadrangle| ~ from | outside oy coal in place. | Mined out, | 14” thick | Measured 14” to 28” thick 28” to 42” thick Over 42” thick 14” and more thick | 28” and more thick | recoverable, ese ni
in county, | estimate, | outcrop, | 0”t014” | criginally, acres | remaining, | indicated including alt feserves 28
acres "| TYacres | acres | tick acres | °To02 acres heres | Thousands | pores |THoUsANES | pores | Thousands | org | Thousands | porgg [Thousands | mining tosses | Oe tNCh
Measured 35 95 181 995 122 304 3B 1,394 303 1,299 B21
Brownsville ... | 39,642] 28,324) 2,813] 308 8,197 10 8,187 [Indicated | 751 | 2,030 7,098| 37,265 | - - 18 39,295 7,098 | 37.265 23,554
Total | 786 | 2,125 7.279 | 38,260 122 30h 8,187| 40,689 T.HoL | 38,564 | 63.22 26,375
Measured 176 Si 2 n - - 178 555 2 n 1
Connellsville . | 63,145] 27,639] 35,296 32 118 - 178 | Indicated | - - - - - - - - - - -
Total 176 baad 2 n - - 178 555 2 n 63-21 1
Measured a 639 183] 1,006 122 30% 516 1,949 305 1,310 828
Indicated TL 2,030 7,098 | 37,265 - 7 7.849 39,295 7,098 | 37.265 23,554
Total seeeeee | 102,787] 55,963) 38,109] 3Ho 8,375 10 8,365 Total 962 2,669 7.281 | 38,272 122 30h 8,365 Ua, 2a 7.403 | 38,575 63-21 2h, 382
FAYETTE COUNTY
TARLE 4, - RESERVES IN PITTSBURGH BED, January 1, 1950
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | 0 [| uf w2 [ 13 | is [| 16 Lv [is 19 20
ry i i . 7 , ,000 Ib.
area ot | N25] area | underain Coal over Coal over Estimated coal reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Total reserves, in tons of 2,000 1b. _ Percentage ‘Estimated
Quadrangle lquadrangle| from | outside | _ by coal inplace’ | Mined out, | 14” thick | Measured 14” to 28” thick 28” to 42” thick Over 42” thick 14” and more thick | 28” and more thick recoveraba, reserves 28" and
in county, | estimate, | outcrop, | 0” 1014" | oi gaiy | acres | remaining, | indicated housand: Thousand: Thousands | including al
acres [acres | acres | thick acres | TTeD acres Acres | Mortem” | Aces | Mottone’ | Acres | “ottons” | Acres | Mortons | AS | "ortons. | Mining ss Lo ete ot tons
Measured - - - - 979 12,920] 979 12,920 979] 12,920 8,644
Brownsville +... 39,642] = 6,728] = 32,914 31,935 979 | Indicated] - - - - - - - - - - -
Total - - - - 979 12,920 919 12,920 979) 12,920) 66.90 8,044
Measured - - - - 303 Yom} — 303 4,091 303) 4,092 2,135
Connellsville . 63,145) = 47,217] - 15,928 15,625 303 | Indicated - - - - - - - - - - -
Total - - - - 303 4,091 303 4,091, 303) 4,091 52.20 2,135
Measured - - - - 6,110} 2/78,169] 6,110]  2/78,169 6,110] 2/78,169 3/44, 889
Masontow s..s. | 111,254] = 1,259] = 69,895 63,785] 6,110 | Indicated] = - - - - - - - - -
Total - - - - 6,110] 2/78,169| 6,110 2/78,169 6,110} 2/78,169 Oe SL 3/44, 889
Measured - - - - 2,874 36,23) 2,874 36,213 | 2,874) 36,223 2h,07%
Uniontown sss. 146,379} = 120, 242| - 26,137 23,263 2,874 | Indicated - - - - - - - - - - -
Total - - - - 2,874 36,213] 2,874 36,213 | 2,874] 36,213] 66.48 2h,o74
Measured - - - - 30 324 30 32k 30 3a4 209
Morgantown .... 10,639) = 8,952] - 1,687 1,657 30 | Indicated - - - - - - - - - - -
Total - - - - 30 324 30 324 30 324 eo 209
Measured - - - - 10,296 | 2/131,717 | 10,296 | 2/131,717 | 10,296|2/131,717 19.95.
Indicated] = - “ - - - - - - = -
Total seseere 370,959| = 224,398 - 146,561 136,265 | 10,296 Total}  - - - - 10,296 | 2/131,717 | 10,296 | 2/131,717_| 10,296|2/131,717 64.90 3/19,951
'/ No information available from core drilling, mine workings, or coal outcrops on which to base estimates of Bf Includes 8,585,000 tons under river.
measured and indicated reserves. These areas may contain additional geologically inferred reserves. ‘3/ Reserves under river excluded, considered not recoverable.
4370 -6-


TABLES

1. Reserves in Waynesburg bod........ccceevecececcceecee

2. Reserves in Sewickley bed....

3. Reserves in Redstone bed. ..ccseesecsccccsccececereene

4, Reserves in Pittsburgh bed......

5. Reserves in Upper Freeport bed. ...csseccecccccccccves
6. Reserves in Lower Kittanning bed.....scccesceeccesees

7. Reserves in Brookville-Clarion bed........seeeseveees

cel
o
0 7 oO XA HH VW wr IR

8. Recapitulation of Teserves...... cee cscs ec es cetetccece
9. Comparison of areas of original reserves......++++++. 10
10. Comparison of estimate of TreServes.......eeeeeeeeeees Il

ll. Analyses of Fayette County coals...ssseesceeeceeereee 17

ILLUSTRATIONS
Follows
Hig. page _
1, Key map of Fayette County, Pa. ..csececseseeeeee 2

2. Waynesburg bed, Fayette County, Pa. ............ 10
3. Sewickley bed, Fayette County, Pa. .....seseeeee 10

4, Pittsburgh bed, Fayette County, Pa. ... 10

5. Upper Freeport bed, Fayette County, Pa. ........ 10

4370 - vi -


Inches
37
20

COAL... 20-200

Thickness ....csececeeceee 61

Material Inches

Thickness... ..sseeseesecee 7

ThickneSS.....sceeeeeeeeee 62

Pittsburgh Bed
(See fig. 4 and table 4.)

The Pittsburgh bed has been the most important bed in the county for many years.
It is thick and is valuable as a source of coal used in the manufacture of metallur-
gical coke. Virtually the entire area of the bed has been developed by mining, and
the remiining reserves are principally unmined pillars left by first-mining. In many
areas of the Pittsburgh bed in Fayette County, second and third mining has been done
or is now in progress, Thus, in some areas shown as mined out on the map, small pro-
duction may be obtained for several years after abandonment of large-scale operations.

Sections of the bed in areas of remaining recoverable reserves follow:

Central Part of County

Material Inches Material Inches
COAL.. 56 51
Parting. 1f2 1jfe
COAL... 2 2
Parting. 1/2 1/2
COAL.....4. sececeee 36 36
Thickness.. 95 Thickness. eee 90

4370 -13-




(2) By providing an inventory of mow minable reserves of coal with coking prop-
erties, but unsuited for metallurgical coking coal use by present standards and tech-
niques because of high sulfur, high ash, or weakly coking properties. When warranted
by economic and technologic developments, these reserves later may be adapted to metal-
lurgical use by suitable preparation, blending, carbonizing, or metallurgical techniques.

(3) By ascertaining the approximate location and magnitude of areas in which geo-
logic data indicate the presence of inferred reserves but where exploratary work has
been too limited to determine measured and indicated reserves. It is in these areas
that more intensive exploratary work is needed in the future to complete the coking-
coal inventory.

The first of these objectives is af prime importance for the present and immediate
future, and the second for the more distant future. Accomplishment of the third object-
ive will be of major aid both to industry and State and Federal agencies in more effect-
ively planning and executing coal exploratory and testing investigations,

RALPH L. BROWN
Coal Technology Coordinatar
Bureau of Mines

4370 - ddd -


also includes a general assessment of the carbonizing properties of the most important
peds and a table of analyses of typical coals from the county. Publications will be
issued later covering in more detail the preparation and carbonization data upon cam-
pletion of the extensive laboratory work involved in these phases of the survey.

The estimates of coking coal reserves in these reports were derived from data made
available to the Bureau of Mines by coal companies, land owners, Federal, state, and
municipal engineers, geologists, land-record officials, and others having authentic
records of the occurrence and characteristics of the coal in the respective counties.
All of the data were assembled from mine maps, records of core drilling, test pitting
and trenching, and related sources of information, for no new core drilling or geologic
exploration was undertaken. Consequently, there are areas covered by these reports
wherein the known data now available are inadequate to estimate reserves of measured
and indicated coal, as these are defined in the reports. Geologic data also indicate
the presence of large reserves of inferred coal in many of these areas, but no estimates
or inferred reserves are presented in these reports. As their titles indicate, they in-
clude only known, minable reserves of measured and indicated coal, and not total esti-
mated reserves of coal. Therefore, any comparison of these and other coal reserve
estimates should be made with this distinction clearly understood.

The percentage recovery shown in these reports is a weighted average, based on the
thickness of clean coal, less all partings 3/8-inch or more thick, recovered from the
mined-out areas in each bed. Thus, it is an over all net areal percentage recovery that,
in many cases, will be lower than the recovery estimated by operatars who eliminate from
their calculations coal pillars left at property boundaries, under roads, and elsewhere.
It is based on all coal removed since the beginning of mining operations, and, therefare,
may vary from that of recent operations in which recovery either has been improved sub-
stantially by technologic advances or has declined, owing to flooded areas or other
conditions that make it expedient to leave more coal in the ground. As the estimates
are dated and represent a factual record of all past operations in the particular area,
the percentage recovery and estimate of minable coal may be adjusted by operators to
suit their particular conditions at any given time.

These county reports are being published as rapidly as the available data can be
found and analyzed. Later, in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey, results of
these studies will be combined with those from a camplete geologic investigation of all
coal reserves in the areas considered, Then, reports can be published, by states,
giving estimates of total reserves, including the geologically inferred reserves that
have been omitted herein.

This investigation was made possible only through the complete cooperation of the
coal operators, landowners, and others who have made available to the Bureau their can-
fidential records and data relating to mining operations, drill core and test pit oper-
ations, etc. This cooperation and assistance is appreciated and is gratefully acknowl-
edged. To protect the confidence of data from private records, the Bureau of Mines is
assembling and publishing the estimates on a county-wide basis only and will not release
any supplementary or more detailed information,

This investigation will serve a triple purpose:

(1) By providing an inventory of Imown, minable reserves of coking coal that are
or can be made suitable for the manufacture of metallurgical coke,

4370 -4ii-


FAYETTE COUNTY

TABLE 5, - RESERVES IN UPPER FREEPORT (E) HED, January 1, 1950

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 — 0 [ufe TT 3 [ i | iw [| mwt{i is 19 20
areaot | 72° | area | underiain | coalover Coal over Estimated coal reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Total reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Percentage | Estimated
Quadrangle |quadrangle| "N°" | utside | by coal | 1*” tM! | mined out, } 14” thick | Measured | _ 14” to 28” thick 28” to 42” thick Over 42” thick 14” and more thick | 28” and more thick | recoverable, | _fecoverable
incounty,| estimate, | cuter. | 071018" | oigiaiy, | 22's | Yemainng | indicted Thousand: Thousand Thousand: Thousands Thousands | eluding all |resenes 0 ond
acres | T/acres | acres | thick, acres ares” acres Acres | TMOuene | Acres | "tons | Acres ‘ottons | Acres ‘of tons Acres | St tons | mining losses thoweorcse i tons
Measured - - - - 4,693 He. 53 4,693 42,313 | 4,693 bare 22,396
39,642| 32,680 - - 6,962 - 6,962 | Indicated - - - - 2,269 19,456 | 2,269 19,456 2,269| 19, 10,298
Total - - - - 6,962 61,769 | 6,962 61,769 6,962] 61,769 52.93 32,694
Measured 695 2,133 499) 2,066 3,5 23,754 | 4,738 27,953 4,043 | 25,820 13,666
Connellsville . 63,145] 4,786] 13,252| ng 4,988 250 4,738 [Indicated | - : - - - - - - - - -
Total 695 2,133 499] 2,066 34544 23,754 | 4,738 27,953 4,043 25,820 52693 13,666
Measured 1,888 6,124 3.327| 15,677 283 2,123 | 5,498 23,924 3,610 | 17,800 94a
43,385] 1,026] 30,694) 52 11,153 - 11,153 [Indicated | 3,678 | 12,453 1,977| 8.897 - - 5,655 20,350 1,977 8,897 4,709
Total | 5,566 | 17,577 5.304] 24,574 283 2,123 | 11,153 Mh, 27h 5.587 | 26,697 52093 14,130
Measured - - 3,526 | 16,309 4,576 38,627 | 8,102 54,936 8,102 | 54,936 29,078
Uniontown --+» | 146,379] 59,913| 75,289) = 1,177 - 11,177 [Indicated | = - 2,hug | 12,532 626 54165 | 3,075 16,697 | 3,075 | 16,697 8,838
Total - - 5.975] 27,842. 54202 43,792 | 11,177 71,633 | 11,177 71,633 52693 37,916
Measured aie 908 4,934 | 23,827 185 1,166 | 5,361 25,901 5,119 | 24,993 13,229
Confluence »... | 714160] 8,360 56,240] = 6,660 - 6,660 |Indicatea | - - 1,299| 5,846 | - = 1,299 5.846 | 1,299 | 5,846 S058
Total ake 908 6,233 | 29,673 185 1,166 | 6,660 3,747 6,418 | 30,839 52.93 16,323
Measured 3B | 238° 266) 1,277 257 2,013 9k 4,670 523 | 34290 1.742
16,880] 5,560) 8,487 - 2,833 - 2,833 Indicated | 1,’ 4,479 - - RYT 3.335 | 1,939 7,814 5a7 3,335 1,765
Total | 1,793 5,859 266| 1,277 7 5.348 | 2,833 12,484 2,040 6,625 52693 3,507
Measured - - 926 | 5,000 392 2,705 | 1,318 75705 1,318 7.705, 4,078
Accident ....4. 6,984| 2,702] 1,292] = 2,990 - 2,990 [Indicated | - 1,672| 8,778 - =. | 1,672 8,778 | 1,672 | 8,778 4
Total - - 2,598 | 13,778 392 2,705 | 2,990 16,483 2,990 | 16,483 52.93 8,724
Measured 3,196 | 10,545 | 13,478 | 64,156 | 13,930] 112,701 | 30,604 187,402 | 27,408 | 176,857 93,610
Indicated | 5,100 | 15,932 7,397 | 35,053 3,412 27,956 | 15,909 78,941 |10,809 | 63,009 33,350
Botal seeeeee | 387,575 | 155.027 | 185,154 63 46,763 250 | 46,513 Total | 8,296 | 26,477 | 20,875 | 99,209 | 17,342] 140,657 | 46,513 266,343 138,217 | 239,866 52693 126,960
1/ No information available from core drilling, mine workings, or coal outcrops on which to base estimates of
measured and indicated reserves. These areas may contain additional geologically inferred reserves.
4370 -T-


ESTIMATE OF KNOWN RECOVERABLE RESERVES OF COKING COAL
IN FAYETTE COUNTY, PA.

by

James J. Dowd,Y Louis A. Turnbull,/ Albert L. Toenges,2/
R. F. Abernethy,3/ and D. A. Reynolds4/

CONTENTS

CONCLUSIONS. ceesececscerssccevvcsssssscccscccscossesevsoes

Tntroductlon.cssccecscccccceccvcccccsseccceseccecscsessees 1
Acknowledgments. ..ccccccssccececccsccccccccsecscecesveveses 2
Premises and definitions of terms USCd....sececececssseses 2

COAL LEBELVES. ce cee sec ecceeecceccccsccessececessescecsores

Coal beds... . ll

WAYNCSDUL GZ. cere recccccccccccccceccecccccescccecccses Ll

Sewickley..sccsscsseceeees 12

PACESDUCEN. ee ceceeecceeesensecececeercseeseesesssens 13

Upper Freeport. ..sscesececsseeee

Analyses of Fayette County coals....ccecesccceececstceeces 16
Coking properties of Fayette County coals.......sseeeeeee. 18

ADPPONdi Xs ccesscececcrcvsceccscccceccescerescsssesecscesces LO

1/7 Senior mining engineer, Coal Branch, Fuels and Explosives
Division, Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa.

2/ Principle coal mining engineer, Fuels and Explosives Divi-
sion, Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa.

3/ Chemist, Coal Analysis Section, Coal Branch, Fuels and
Explosives Division, Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa.

4/ Chemist, Coal Carbonization Section, Coal Branch, Fuels and
Explosives Division, Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Report of Investigations 4807


LEGEND
[Bil reserves in beds over 28° thick

reserves in beds less than 28° thick
Mined out

(DM “2s exctuded trom estimate

[[Joutside outcrop

Figure 3. - Sewickley bed, Fayette County, Pa., January 1, 1950.


Bureau of Mines
Report of Investigations 4807

ESTIMATE OF KNOWN RECOVERABLE RESERVES
OF COKING COAL IN FAYETTE COUNTY, PA.

By JAMES J. DOWD, LOUIS A. TURNBULL, ALBERT L. TOENGES,
R. F. ABERNETHY, AND D. A. REYNOLDS

United States Department of the Interior—August 1951

| metadc38566
a —


A base map for each bed in each quadrangle was made to the scale 1 inch equals
1,200 feet. Maps of mines, locations of drill holes, bed and total coal thicknesses,
and the outcrop of the bed were plotted on the maps, With all available data plotted,
isopach lines were drawn to limit areas of known unmined reserves in beds 0 to 14 inches
thick, 14 to 28 inches thick, 28 to 42 inches thick, and over 42 inches thick. These
areas of coal reserves also were divided into "measured” and "indicated" categories.
All areas in each thickness range and in each category, mined-out areas, areas excluded
from the estimate, and areas outside of the outcrop were measured by planimeter on the
base maps, Estimates of total reserves 14 inches and more thick and maps for individual
beds were prepared from these data.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The information contained in this report could not have been obtained without the
whole-hearted cooperation of the officials of the companies and individual landowners
whose property records were studied, and their cooperation and the courtesies extended
are gratefully acknowledged. The advice and assistance of the Coal Resources Committees
of both the National Bituminous Coal Advisory Council and American Institute of Mining
and Metallurgical Engineers, members of the staffs of the U. S. Geological Survey,
Pennsylvania Topographic and Geologic Survey, and Pennsylvania Department of Mines are
appreciated. The investigation was under the general supervision of the principal coal
mining engineer, Fuels and Explosives Division, Bureau of Mines, and the cooperation of
the staff assigned to this study, especially John A. Bowsher, mining engineer who con-
ducted the field work, is acknowledged.

PREMISES AND DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED

An estimate of coal reserves is the opinion of an individual or group of individuals
based on certain premises and limitations adopted for that estimate. Therefore, in order
to make a comparison between estimates, it is necessary to compare not only the final re-
sults but also the premises on which the estimates are based. The definitions "measured"
coal and "indicated" coal used in this report have been agreed upon by the Bureau of
Mines and the United States Geological Survey. ‘The premises and definitions of terms
follow:

Coking coal. - All bituminous coals in the Appalachian region are potentially coking,
and therefore, until the carbonization tests in part (3) of the study have been completed
to determine the coking quality of the coals, all lmown reserves of coal in the comty
are included as coking coal, ‘This should not be construed to mean that all coals included
in this report are suitable for the manufacture of metallurgical coke according to present-
day standards. However, the general trend is toward the use of lower-quality coals for
metallurgical purposes.

Unit area, - The wmit area used in estimating reserves is the 5-minute rectangle of
the topographic quadrangle, The estimates for the nine 5-minute rectangles of a quad-
rangle are combined on a county basis.

Bed-thickness range. - Reserves in each coal bed are tabulated in bed-thickness
ranges, as follows:

14 to 28 inches
28 to 42 inches

42 inches and more

4376 -2-


CONCLUSIONS

1. The investigation shows that there are two coal beds of major importance in
Fayette County from the standpoint of present production - Pittsburgh and Sewickley -
and five beds of minor importance - Waynesburg, Redstone, Upper Freeport, Lower
Kittanning, and Brookville-Clarion. The Upper Freeport bed contains the largest re-
maining known reserve.

2, Known (measured plus indicated) reserves in all beds, based on a minimum bed
thickness of 14 inches and on 1,800 tons per acre-foot of coal in place, are estimated
at 943 million short tons as of January 1, 1950. Of this total, 841 million tons are
in beds 28 inches ani more thick. All known reserves in Fayette County are under less
than 2,000 feet of overburden. Areas in each bed, except the Pittsburgh, were omitted
from the estimate because available data relative to the bed characteristics are insut-
ficient to make an estimate that conforms with the definitions of measured and indicated
coal adopted for this study. Should future drilling or development prove reserves in
these areas, such reserves should be added to the total estimated reserves.

3. Recoverable reserves of coal have been estimated in beds 28 inches and more
thick. This thickness is about the minimum now being mined by hand-loading onto con-
veyors in Pennsylvania, The weighted average percentage of recovery for all beds in
Fayette County, including all mining losses, as determined by this investigation is
55.41. This recovery is based on the percentage of the total thickness of coal (less
partings 3/8 inch thick or more) recovered from the mined-out areas in each bed rather
than on the percentage of coal recovered from that portion of the bed mined. ‘The high-
est average percentage of recovery is 66.97 for the Pittsburgh bed in the Brownsville
quadrangle. The lowest is 50 percent estimated for the Waynesburg and Brookville-
Clarion beds in the county. Based on the weighted average percentage of recovery for
all beds in Fayette County, the recoverable reserves are estimated at 460 million short
tons as of January 1, 1950.

4, The coals of this county are high-volatile A and medium-volatile bituminous
rank,

5. The Fayette County coals generally are coking. However, coal from all beds
except the Pittsburgh usually is blended when the coal is used to make metallurgical coke.

INTRODUCTION

The investigation to evaluate the reserves of coking coal in the United States suit-
able for the manufacture of metallurgical coke is being made by the Bureau of Mines in
three parts: (1) To estimate mown (measured plus indicated) recoverable reserves of
all coking coal; (2) to upgrade marginal coals through effective preparation; and (3) to
study the carbonizing properties of coals and coal blends not now widely used for metal-
lurgical coke making.

This is the sixth of a series of reports giving the results of studies by counties
under part (1) of the investigation. (See appendix.) This report covers Fayette County,
Pa., which comprises the Uniontown and parts of the Brownsville, Connellsville, Donegal,
Waynesburg, Masontown, and Confluence, Pa., Morgantown and Bruceton, W. Va., and Accident,
Ma., quadrangles. (See fig. 1.) A short résumé of the chemical and carbonizing proper-
ties of the coals are included. Data on the coal beds in this county were obtained from
mining companies, land companies, individual landowners, and other sources of authentic
information,

4370 -l-


Northwestern Part of County

Thickness........+.-

COAL... cee eee ee
Parting.
COAL.
Parting...
COAL.....

THickneSS....seeesereveeee

Thickness... ...eeeeeeeeeeee

Inches

Material

Thickness......

COAL. seccsscaccsacesees

Thickness...

Thickness...

COAL...
Parting.
COAL....

Sewickley Bed
(See fig. 3 and table 2.)

Inches

The Sewickley usually is a two-bench bed occurring from 120 to 180 feet above

the Pittsburgh bed.
southwestern parts of the county.
and western areas of reserves.

than sections from shafts and drill holes in from the outcrop.

Sections of the bed in areas of remaining recoverable reserves follow:

South-central Part of County

Material Inches
COAL....+.- . 28
Parting. . 1
COAL....... 36

ThicknesS.....seeeerenene . 65
4370 - 12-

Material
COAL.....
Parting..

ThicknesS.....seeseeseeeee

It has been opened by numerous mines in the south-central and
The bed thins to the north both in the central
Bed sections taken at the outcrops show thicker coal


COAL BEDS

The coal beds occurring in Fayette County in which kmown recoverable reserves
have been estimated are, in descending order:

Waynesburg
Sewickley

Redstone
Pittsburgh

Upper Freeport
Lower Kittanning
Brookville-Clarion

The Pittsburgh and Sewickley beds are of major importance from the standpoint
of present production, but the largest remaining reserves are in the Upper Freeport
bed. The Waynesburg, Sewickley, Redstone, and Pittsburgh beds are in the Monongahela
group, and the other beds are in the Allegheny group, Pennsylvanian period. Coal beds
other than those for which estimates have been prepared occur in the county, but suf-
ficient information is not available to make estimates of reserves.

Maps have been prepared for the Waynesburg, Sewickley, Pittsburgh, and Upper
Freeport beds. (See figs. 2 to 5.) Maps of the Redstone, Lower Kittamning, and
Brookville-Clarion beds were not prepared because too little information regarding
the thickness and extent of the beds is available.

The characteristics of the mapped coal beds are shown by bed sections taken from
diamond-drill logs, mine maps, and outcrop data furnished by owmers and lessees of the
coal. Some outcrop bed sections are taken from published reports of the Pennsylvania
Geological Survey, All of the bed sections given are within the areas of recoverable
reserves 28 inches and more thick (black areas on the maps). They have been selected
to show bed characteristics throughout the areas and to indicate the irregularity of
the beds,

Descriptions of the coal beds that have been mapped and the selected bed sectims
follow.

Waynesburg Bed
(See fig. 2 and table 1.)

The Waynesburg bed, although not important at this time, has been mapped because
of the numerous bed sections available. The bed usually occurs as a multiple bed,
but the coal is high in ash and sulfur. Areas of reserves are in the central and
northwestern parts of the county. Selections of the bed in areas of remaining recov-
erable reserves follow:

Central Part of County
Material Inches Material Inches

seeee 17 seen . 22

3 3

COAL..... 15 . : oy

THicknSS.....eeeeeeeeeeee 35 Thickness. .....e ee seeoeeee 39
COAL..... + 36
Thickness.... 36

4370 -n-




each of these estimates show larger areas of reserves than this report shows for
Fayette County. Table 9 is a comparism of areas of original reserves in each bed
in the Reese-Sisler, the Moyer, and the Bureau of Mines estimates.

TABLE 9. - Comparison of areas of original reserves, Fayette County, Pa.

Acres
Bed Reese and Sisler Moyer Bureau _of Mines

Waynesburg.....+. 45,888 51,522 32,872
Sewickley 27 ,456 39,943 35,212
Redstone 33,280 27 ,2h5 8,715
Pittsburgh.... 143 , 104 145,471 146,542
Upper Freeport. 310,528 321,386 47,394
Upper Kittanning. 19,840 17,500 -
Lower Kittanning. 57,600 265 ,582 38,926
Brookville-Clarimn.... - 161,327 4670

TOtAL.. cesececccececeeeenteees 637 696 1,029,976 1/314 330

1/7 In addition are areas that may contain geologically inferred reserves (colum 2,
tables 1 to 7, inclusive),

On the basis of acres of reserves in each bed, the estimates show considerable
differences, except in the Pittsburgh bed. This bed has been opened in so many
places and the bed characteristics are so well-known that the estimates are very close.
The previous estimates are compared with the Bureau of Mines estimate in table 10.

TABLE 10. - Comparison of estimates of reserves, Fayette County, Pa.

Estimate made by........ | Reese and Sisler Moyer Ashley Bureau of Mines
Year made.......s.ssssee 1gee 1938 1ghe 1950
Minimum bed thickness of

reserves, inches...... 18 Lo¢6 12 14
Total bed area of

Preserves, acres.....+. 637,696 1,029,976 |2/1,029,976 | 3/314,330
Total remaining reserves,

millions of tons...... 4/y,330 4/5, 633 4/5,565 943

Minimum bed thickness of
recoverable reserves,
AncheS.....ee-eeeseeee 18 26 2h 28

Recoverable reserves as
of date of estimate,
millions of tons...... 2,604 3,434 2,805 460

Production, Fayette
County, from year of
estimate to January 1,
1950, millions of tons 578 228 131 -

Remaining recoverable
reserves, January 1,

1950, millions of tons 2,026 3,206 2,674 460
1/7 No minimum stated in report, but 26 inches is minimm thiclmess given in
tabulations.

2/ Ashley used the Moyer estimates as basis for Fayette County estimates.

3/ In addition are areas that may contain geologically inferred reserves (colum 2,
tables 1 to 7, inclusive).

4/ Original deposit less mined out and lost.

4370 - 10 -


APPENDIX

Completed reports giving results of studies by comties under part (1) of the
investigation follow:

Dowd, James J., Turnbull, Louis A., Toenges, Albert L., Cooper, H. M., Abernethy,
R. F., Reynolds, D. A., and Fraser, Thomas, Estimate of Known Recoverable
Reserves of Coking Coal in Cambria County, Pa. Report of Investigations 4734,
Bureau of Mines, 1950, 25 pp.

Dowd, James J., Turnbull, Louis A., Toenges, Albert L., Cooper, H. M., Abernethy,
R. F., Reynolds, D. A., and Crentz, William A. Estimate of Known Recoverable
Reserves of Coking Coal in Indiana County, Pa, Report of Investigations 4757,
Bureau of Mines, 1950, 22 pp.

Dowd, James J., Turnbull, Louis A., Toenges, Albert L., Abernethy, R. F., and
Reynolds, D, A. Estimate of Known Recoverable Reserves of Coking Coal in
Pike Comty, Ky. Report of Investigations 4792, Bureau of Mines, 1951,

34 pp.

Dowd, James J,, Turnbull, Louis A., Toenges, Albert L., Abernethy, R. F., and
Reynolds, D. A.: Estimate of Known Recoverable Reserves of Coking Coal in
Armstrong County, Pa. Report of Investigations 4801, Bureau of Mines, 1951,
16 PP.

Dowd, James J., Turnbull, Louis A., Toenges, Albert L., Abernethy, R. F., and

Reynolds, D. A. Estimate of Known Recoverable Reserves of Coking Coal in
Westmoreland County, Pa. Report of Investigations 4803, Bureau of Mines,

1951, 16 PP.

4370 - 9 -

Int. - Bu, of Mines, Peh., Pa.








These measurements represent total bed thickness, including all coal and partings
in the bed. If the top or bottom bench of a coal bed is separated from the remainder
of the bed by a parting of equal or greater thickness than the bench and usually is not
mined, such bench and parting are omitted in determining bed thickness.

Measured coal. - Measured coal is coal for which tonnage is computed from dimen-
sions revealed in outcrops, trenches, mine workings, and drill holes, The points of
observation and measurement are so closely spaced, and the thickness and extent of the
coal is so well-defined that the computed tonnage is judged to be accurate within 20
percent or less of the true tomage, The limits of accuracy of the estimate should be
stated, Although the spacing of the points of observation necessary to demonstrate
continuity of coal will vary in different regions according to the habit of the coal
beds, the points of observation are, in general, about 1/2 mile apart. The outer limit
of a block of measured coal, therefore, shall be about 1/4 mile from the last point of
positive information (that is, roughly, one-half the distance between points of
observation) .

Where no data are available other than measurements along the outcrop, but where
the continuity of the outcrop is measured in miles and suggests the presence of coal at
great distances in from the outcrop, a smooth line drawn roughly 1/2 mile in from the
outcrop shall be used to mark the limit under cover of a block of coal that can also be
classed as measured,

Indicated coal. - Indicated coal is coal for which tomage is computed partly from
specific measurements and partly from projection of visible data for a reasonable dis-
tance on geologic evidence. In general, the points of observation are about 1 mile apart
but may be as mich as 1-1/2 miles for beds of known geologic contimity. Far example, if
drilling on 1/2-mile centers has proved a block of measured coal of fairly uniform thick-
ness and extent, the area of measured coal, according to the judgment of the estimator,
is larger than the actual area of drilling by as much as 1/4 mile on all sides. If, from
geologic evidence, the bed is believed to have greater continuity, the area of measured
coal is surrounded by a belt of indicated coal, which, accarding to the judgment of the
appraiser, may be as mich as 1-1/2 miles wide.

Where no data are available other than measurements along the outcrops, but where
the continuity of the outcrop is measured in miles and suggests the presence of coal at
great distances in from the outcrop, two lines drawn roughly parallel to the outcrop,
one 1/2 mile in from the outcrop and one 2 miles in from the outcrop, define a block of
coal that may be classed as indicated.

Inferred coal. - As no estimate of reserves has been made from geologic inference
alone, inferred coal is not included in this report. This category would contain the
largest reserves.

Areas excluded from estimate. - In each bed are areas where coal may be present
but for which no estimates of reserves have been made, There are too few or no bed
sections from drill holes, mine workings, or coal outcrops in the area on which to base
estimates that would qualify under the definitions of "measured" or "indicated" reserves.
These areas may contain additional geologically inferred reserves.

Overburden. - All known reserves in Fayette County are under less than 2,000 feet
of overburden. .

Thickness of coal. - In computing the volume of reserves in each thickness category
Por each bed, the total thickness of clean coal in the bed section is used. If the top

4370 -3-


FAYETTE COUNTY

TAHLE 1, - RESERVES IN WAYNESBURG BED, January 1, 1950

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 mw [| un] 2 [i [| 15 16 Lv [is 19 20
quadrant Area of oes rea | underain | £22s\over Coal over Estimated coal reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Total reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Percentage Estimated
Juadrangle quadrangle} "from | outside oy coal in place | Mined out, | 14” thick | Measured 14” to 28” thick 28” to 42” thick Over 42” thick 14” and more thick | 28” and more thick | recoverable, esta 7
in county, | estimate, | outcrop, | 07014” | criginally, | acres | remaining, | Indicated Thousands eer Thousand Thousand Thousands | including all 4
acres | aJacres | acres | thick, acres) “acre acres Acres | TmaUsands | Acres | TaUsAnds | Acres | ThOUSANES | Acres Sttons” | Acres | "Stone | mining losses noo re ns
Measured Ma] 1,119 357 1,929 | 2,642 17,395 | 3,410 20,443 2,999 | 19,324 9,662
Brownsville «.. 39,642} 6,890] 29,016} 326 3,420 - 3,410 | Indicated - - - - - - - - - - -
Total Yaa | 1,119 357 1,929 | 2,642 17,395 | 3,420 20,43, 2,999 | 19,324 | 2/50.00 9,662
Measured 33 4 393 1,818 - - 426 1,912 393 1,818
Comnellaville . 63,145 68} 61,117; + 1,960 - 1,960 | Indicated - - 21,534 6,443 - - 1,534 6,443 1,534 6, Uu3 wae
Total 33 4 1,927 8,261 - - 1,960 8,355 1,927 8,261 | 2/50.00 4,132,
Measured 235 3h 1,920] 10,496 | 12,059] 108,044 | 14,214 119,374 =| 13, 1g, 1270
Masontown «s+. | 111,154] 14,713] 82,013] 181 14,247 33 | 14,214 |Indicatea | - 3 - 3 - - - - an 31518 He onan
Total 235 834 1,920] 10,496 | 12,059] 108,0h4 | 14,214 119,374 | 13,979 | 128,540 | 2/50.00 59,270
Measured 529 | 1,644 3,092] 17,412 - - 3,621 19,055 3,092 | 17,412 8,706
Uniontown «eee. | 146,379] 1,332] 132,299] = 12,748 - 12,748 | Indicated 757 | 2,157 8,370 | 35,154 - 9,127 37,311 8,370 | 35,154 on
Total | 1,286 | 3,801 11,2] 52,565 - - 12, 748 56,366 11,462 | 52,565 | 2/50.00 26,283,
Measured | 1,208 | 3,691 5,762 | 31,654 | 14,701} 125,439 | 21,671 | 160,784 | 20,463 | 157,093 18.547
Indicated 151 | 25157 9,904 1,597 - - 10,661 43,754 9.904 | 41,597 20,799
360,320] 23,003 | 30), Wi5 507 32,365 33 32,332 Total | 1,965 | 5,848 15,666 | 73,251 | 14,701 | 125,439 | 32,332 204,538 | 30,367 | 198,690 | 2/50.00 99.346
AYEDTS COUNTY
TAHLE 2, - RESERVES IN SHWICKLEY BED, January 1, 1950
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 mo | u | iw [3 | 15 16 [7 [18 19 20
‘Areas Coal over Estimated coal reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Total reserves, in tons of 2,000 Ib. Per Estimated
Area of Are lai - Coal over ‘ — . rcentage bl
Quadrangle quadrangle odes outside py coal “ pce’ Mined out, | 14” thick | Measured 14” to 28” thick 28” to 42” thick Over 42” thick 14” and more thick | 28” and more thick recoverable, reserves 28” and
in county, | esti outcrop, | 0” to 14” nally, acres | remaining, | Indicated qT id Thousand Thousands Thousands | neu more thick,
acres Jones, acres | thick, acres | Tatra. acres Acres Thansants Acres | Towsands | acres | “Srtons | Actes of tons Acres | of tons | Mining !OSSES | troucands of tons
Measured 262 865 34 2,083 337 1,971 | 1,033 4,919 TMm 4,054 2,432
Connellsville » 63,145) 4,284] 55,951) = 2,910 - 2,910 |Indicated | 1,877 | 5,913 - - - - 1,877 5,913 - - -
Total | 2,139 | 6,778 434 2,083 337 1,971 | 2,910 10,832 TM 4,054 | 2/60.00 2,432
Measured 543 | 1,831 254 1,411 | 1,383 12,732 | 2,180 15,973 1,637 | 14,142 8,484
Masontown .eeee 121,154] 32,534] 60,379) 6,837 11,404 4,479 6,925 |Indicated | 2,867 8,660 672 3,528 | 1,206 10,44 | 4,745 22,632 1,878 | 13,972 8,384
Total 3,410 | 10,491 926 4,939 | 2,589 23,175 | 6,925 38,605 3,515 | 28,114 | 2/60.00 16,868
Measured | 1,738 | 5,498 1,279] 6,716 | 4,433] 38,390 | 7.450 50,604 | 5,712 | 45,106 27,064
Uniontown seeee | 146,379] 9,103] 123,327} 5,212 8,748 1,298 7,450 [Indicated - - - - - - - - - - -
Total | 1,738 | 5,496 1,279] 6,716 | 4,433]. 38,390 | 7.450 50,604 | 5,712 | 45,106 | 2/60.00 27,064
Measured - - - - 10) 529 15 529 5 529 37
Morgantown +... | 10,639 113] 10,424] = 102 - 102 [Indicated | - - - Ea igi 27 ig 27 ig 5
Total - - ¢ - - 102 720 102 720 102 720 | 2/60.00 432
Measured | 2,543 | 8,194 1,967 | 10,210 | 6,228] 53,621 | 10,738 72,025 | 8,195 | 63,832 38,297
Indicated | 4,7! 14,573 672 3.528 | 1,233 10,635 5 28,736 1,905 | 14,163 8,499 -
Total eveeeee | 331,327) 46,034] 250,071] 12,048 23,164 5.717 17,387 Total | 7,287 | 22,767 2,639 | 13,738 | 7,462 64,256 | 17,387 100,761 |10,100 | 77,994 | 2/60.c0 46,796
“U/ No information available from core drilling, mine workings, or coal outcrops on which to base estimates of
measured and indicated reserves, These areas may contain additional geologically inferred reserves.
2/ Estimated
4370 -5-


ESTIMATE OF KNOWN RECOVERABLE RESERVES
OF COKING COAL IN FAYETTE COUNTY, PA.

By JAMES J. Dowb, Louis A. TURNBULL, ALBERT L. TOENGES,
R. F. ABERNETHY, AND D. A. REYNOLDS

* «+ # # «# «* « « « Report of Investigations 4807

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Oscar L. Chapman, Secretary
BUREAU OF MINES
James Boyd, Director

Work on manuscript completed March 1951. The Bureau of Mines will welcome reprinting
of this paper, provided the following footnote acknowledgment is made: “Reprinted from
Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations 4807.”

August 1951


COKING PROPERTIES OF FAYETTE COUNTY COALS

Coals of Fayette County, Pa., like most bituminous coals of the Allegheny re-
gion, generally are classified as coking. It is claimed that the coking industry
of this country originated in Fayette County in 1816-17 8, Certainly, the excellent
coking properties of Pittsburgh-bed coal from the Connellsville Pield were recognized
more than a century ago.

Although a large proportion of the coal carbonized in this country during the
19th century was mined from the Pittsburgh bed in the Connellsville field, the re-
sidval reserves of this bed are important to the coking industry. Their importance
is indicated by an estimate of western Pennsylvania coals purchased for the manu-
facture of byproduct coke in the United States during the 6-year period 1937-1942,
which shows that about 87 million tons, or 53 percent of the total, was from the
Pittsburgh bed and Connellsville fie1d.9/ In Fayette County, this coal is chiefly of
high-volatile A bituminous rank and contracts during carbonization when charged at
normal pulk densities. Generally, it is blended with smaller proportions of coals
of higher rank, although it may be carbonized singly in beehive ovens, As a large
proportion of the low-ash and low-sulfur coal has been mined, much of the remaining
coal mst be cleaned before it can be used for making metallurgical coke.

Sewickley coal ranks as high-volatile A bituminous. It should be blended with
coals of higher rank for carbonization because it attains a high degree of fluidity
and contracts strongly when carbonized singly. Coals from the Upper Freeport bed
rank either as high-volatile A or medium-volatile bituminous. ‘The high-volatile
coals are blended with 10 to 40 percent low-volatile coal when carbonized in com-
mercial ovens for the production of metallurgical coke. Medium-volatile Upper
Freeport coals have variable expanding properties, as shown by tests of samples fran
widely separated parts of the bed. Those that expand should be so blended that
carbonization may be effected without endangering oven walls.

Waynesburg and Redstone coals are of high-volatile A rank. ‘Although these
beds lie in the upper part of the coal measures of this coal field, both yield
coking coals where the overburden is thick enough to prevent weathering and loss
of caking properties. These coals yield highly fissured coke when carbonized
singly; they should be blended with higher-rank coals if used for the productim
of metallurgical coke, Lower Kittanning coal ranks as medium- or low-volatile
bituminous; generally it contains mare fixed carbon than other Fayette County
coals. It cokes strongly but should be blended with coals of lower (high-volatile)
rank if carbonized in modern ovens (beehive ovens excepted), because this bed is
noted for its exceptional expanding properties.

8/7 Boileau, John W., Coal Fields of Southwestern Pennsylvania: 1907, p. 52.

9/ Davis, David H., and Griffen, John, The Pittsburgh Coal Seam in Pennsylvania -
Its Reserves, Qualities and Beneficiatio: Trans. Am. Inst, Min. Eng.,
vol. 157, 1944, pp. 22-66. :

4370 - 18 -






Material Inches Material Inches

COAL. see seco ye COAL... ee eee 48
ting, 1 Parting... 1fpe
3 COAL...... 2-1/2
1 1
36 se
83 Thickness....sseeeesceeees S85-1/2
22
1/2
21
1/2
12
seeeeeces HO

Thiclness.....seeeseeeeee8 89-1/2

Western Part of County

Material Inches Material Inches
COAL... ese eee 45
Parting...... atone 1fe
COAL...

Parting.
COAL.....
Thickness....... 90 Thickness.. 86
COAL. sec easesececereeeeresenes AT” 55
1-1/2
3
1-1/2
30
gl

COAL.....

COAL..

COAL..

ThicknesS......eeeeeeeeeee 89

Thickness........6.eeeeeee 86-3/h

4370 -uy-


(HEI Reserves in beds over.28” thick
= Reserves in beds less than 28” thick
Mined out

(i Areas excluded from estimate

[outside outcrop



Figure 1. - Key map of Fayette County, Pa.


oar bottom bench of coal described under definition of "bed-thiclmess range" usually
is not mined, the thickness of the bench is not used to compute the volume of re-
serves, A weighted average thickness in each thickness category for each 5-minute
rectangle of each bed is computed.

Weight of coal. - Estimated coal in place is based on 1,800 short tons per
acre-foot.

Percentage of recovery. - The weighted average percentage of recovery is com-
puted for each bed in each quadrangle. The total number of tons of coal produced
from each mine is obtained from either the mine operator or the published reports
of the Pennsylvania Department of Mines. An estimate is made of the tons of coal
originally in place in the mined-out area of each mine, The percentage of recovery
for each mine is the ratio of the total number of tons produced from a mine (to
January 1, 1950, the date of this estimate) to the total tons originally in place
in the mined-out area. The weighted average percentage of recovery for all mines
in the same bed in a quadrangle is the percentage of recovery used in calculating
recoverable reserves for that bed in the quadrangle.

All coal remaining for any reason within the mined-out area of a mine is con-
sidered a loss. No distinction is made between avoidable or unavoidable losses,
Included in these losses is some coal considered too thin to mine, also coal that
legally is required to be left unmined, such as coal under some highways, railroads,
and rivers, coal left to protect gas and oil wells, and coal left in barrier pillars
between mines and adjacent to property boundaries.

Recoverable reserves. - The recoverable reserves are the estimated tons of un-
mined coal in beds 20 inches and more thick, as of the date of the estimate, mlti-
plied by the percentage of recovery. Twenty-eight inches is about the minimm
thickness of coal being mined mechanically (hand-loaded conveyors) in central
Pennsylvania, Some areas in some of the beds in this county may not be considered
economically minable at present because of conditions considered adverse today.

COAL RESERVES

Detailed estimates of Inown measured and indicated reserves of coal in Fayette
County, Pa., as of January 1, 1950, are given in tables 1 to 7, inclusive.

4370 -h-