## A LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF

## THE CLEAN 

## AIR ACT AMENDMENTS 

# OF 1990

TOGETHERWITH 

## A 

## SECTION-BY-SECTION INDEX

PREPAREDBYTHE


### ENVIRONMENT

## AND NATURAL RESOURCES POLICY DIVISION

OF 

### THE


### CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

OF 

### THE


### LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

FOR THE 

## COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND 

## PUBLICWORKS 

## U.S. 

## SENATE

VOLUME 

### I1 BOOK 1



### William S. 

### Hein & Co., 

### Inc. Buffalo, 

### New York 1998

Heinonline -- 2 Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division, Library of Congress, A Legislative History of the Clean Air Act Amendmentsof 1990 [i] 1998unit, 

### unless the source obtains internal ofiets at a ratio of a least 1.3:l. 

### The permittingprovisions

### inthetwo paragraph are

### also different. Section 18Zc) 

### (9 and (8) provide that in the case ofsourceswhere a unit 

### has undergone a change producing a greater than de mini

### mis emission increase, and such 1.3 

### to 1.0 internal off8ehs have not been secued, such change is to be considered a 

### modification ject 

### to all ofthe new sourcereview requirementsof

### Part

### D. However, section 182(cX7) provides that in applying section 173(aX2) the required 

### technology for sources ernittang less than 100 tons per year 

### shall 

### be the best available control technology, 

### as defined 

### in Clean 

### Air Act section 169, rather 

### than 

### the lowest 

### achievabk emission 

### rate, as currentlyprovided 

### in don 173(a)0. (9) &ti ency measures.-The 

### SIP revision musf provide for the implements 

# % n of specific

### measures to 

### take effect upon 

### thefailure of the 

### area 

### to achieve any applicable 

### interim schedule (including any milestone), or 

### te attain the standard by the applicable attainment 

### date. Such contingency measures must be adequateto assure 

### that the emission reduction shortfall 

### is ccmpensated for, and 

### must 

### take &ed without further action by the State or the Administrabr

### upon the 

### failure ofthe area 

### to

### meet the

### interimrequirement or attainment deadline. 

### (10) Gemml offset requimment-For purposes of saf%Wngthe emission 

### offSet requirements of 

### Part 

### D in marginal ozone no=.$ *ent 

### areas, 

### the mtio 

### of total 

### required emission reductions to b~ 

### increased emission from a new or madifjed facility is to be at least 1.2 

### to 1.

. 

### Severe ama requirements.-Section 182(d) provides 

### that 

### all requirements for 

### SIPrevisions applicable

### to serious areas are also 

### to beapplicable 

### to severe

### areas. Additional uirements 

### are provided 

# 9 for in 

### this subsection, as described below. or any severe area the terms "major source" and "mejar stationary sourcen apply to all sources included in the section 

### 302 definition of "major stationary source", as well as any stationary source or group of aourcea located within a contiioua 

### area and under common control that emib or 

### has thepotential 

### to emit 25 

### tonsormore of

### VOCs. These definitional chan and interpretations 

### haw the same principal effects 

### as describfior serioua 

### areas. 

### As already noted, it isnot 

### the Committee's intent that natural gas pumping stations or other natural gas %&ties 

### connected by a pipeline but not otherwise within a contiguous area 

### and under common control should be grouped together and considered a singlesourceunder 

### thisprovision. Additional 

### SIPrevisions

### required for severeareas include

### the foll0$%ehicZe miles Wueled-Within hvo years of enactment, the State is required ta 

### submit a SIP revision including all reasonably available techniques for redu jpgate vehicle emissions. At a 

# 97 minimum the revidon 

### must in u e ecific enforceable strategies and transportation oontml measurns Sequate

### to off%& 

### any gronth 

### in emissions from increases 

### in vehicle miles traveled (VMl'9. The baseline for determining whether there has 

### been growth in emisdons due 

### to incrsased 

### VMT is the level of vehicle emissions that would occur if

### VMT held constant 

### in the 

### area The State 111ustconsider the 

### measures specified in section 108(f), as amended by 

### this

Heinonline -- 2 Environment andNatural ResourcesPolicy Division, Library ofCongress, A Legislative History ofthe Clean Air Act Amendments of 19903266 1998

### bill and include 

### in the SIP, 

### for 

### any such

### measures not included in 

### fihe pIan, 

### an expIamtian of why such measure was 

### not adopted, specifying 

### the 

### emission 

### reduction measure adopted in its 

### pbDe to achieve 

### a compBI8b1ereduction in emissions, or providing reasons why 

### such reduction is 

### not necessary 

### to attain 

### the 

### health-based s@-dard 

### for ozoneair mUutim Where a 

### -$""don mtm~ strategy ~isted 

### in don 108(0 

### not utilized the 

### 1nustexplain 

### in its 

### impIementationph why 

### it was 

### not, ad 

### must provide an alternative 

### means ofachieving the &ion 

### &u&ns that 

### would 

### have been unless it 

### showthat such reductions

### are not needed for a-ent. 

### It should 

### be noted 

### that amended 

### section 

### 108(0 requires

### kt the state 

### should ensure ade~mh access

### todowntown and 

### other 

### commercial md

### residential areas and should avoid 

### rn- that in- 

### or rehte 

### emissions and 

### congestion rather thaa 

### reduce &ern. 

### This pm*im responds to 

### the extreme importance of trampartation planr.&g 

### to attain 

### and 

### maintain ambient 

### air quality 

### standards

### h the 

### nation's mostseverely

### poUuted citim (2) Ofiet 

### requiremen&.-For purposes 

### of satisfging 

### the e-u)n offiet requhmnt of 

### Part D 

### in severe ozone nonattahment a~eas the 

### ratio of total 

### required emission reductiom 

### to totat inmed 

### emj8sions 

### frama new 

### or mod%& fWty

### is required

### to be at 

### least 1.3 to 1. 

### However, if the State

### air quality 

### plan mquimsthat all 

### existing 

### major sources 

### in the 

### nonattabment 

### area use the best avail

### able controltechno as &fined 

### in section 169, 

### for the 

### controlof 

### VOCs,therequired

### l?P o setratio shallbe 1.2 

### to I, 

### The lower offset ratio for 

### areas requiring 

### best available control 

### technology,instead 

### of 

### reasonably available etroltechnology, for sources is 

### intended to provide an 

### incentivefor the use 

### of

# "3 more ective 

### po~~utim control technolo on &sting sources, 

# f and is Werintended 

### as a recognition t t 

### once all 

### existing sources 

### axe tightly 

### controlled and additional 

### emission reductions needed for

### offsetswill be 

### more difficult

### to sem.



### Extreme 

### area requimmenk-Section 182(e) provides tbt 

### requirements for 

### SIP revisions applicable 

### to severe areas are 

### also to 

### Be applicable 

### to extreme areas, as well as 

### additional requirements 

### provided for 

### in this 

### subsection. 

### For 

### any extreme area the ter~1~ 

### "major source" and 

### ''nqjor stationary 

### source" apply 

### to 

### all sources included in 

### the section 

### 302 definition of 

### major statimary source, 

### as well as any stationary source 

### or group of sources lm&d within 

### a 

### contiguous area 

### and 

### under common contro1 that emits 

### or 

### has the potentid 

### to emit 10 

### tons or 

### more of VOCe. 

### These definitional

### and interpretation changes have 

### the principal effects 

### desmi for 

### serious amas. 

### As already noted, 

### it is not the Committee's 

### intent that 

### natural gas 

### pumping 

### stations or other natural gas 

### Mtiea connected 

### b 

### a pipehne but not otherwise 

### located within a 

### contigUou8 

### area an 

# $under 

### common control should be 

### grouped together 

### and considered a 

### singlesource

### under thispmvis'mn. Section 182(e) 

### e licitlyprovides 

### that theprovisions of (ii) 

### of section 

### 182(b~1%, which 

### allows q-g are? 

### to achieve 

### 1- than the required 15 

### percent ermasion reduction m 

### the 

### first SIX 

### and the provisions 

### of 

### ~hse (ii)

### of 6- 

### tion 182(c)0@, 

### which allows qualifyingareas 

### to achieve less 

### than years 

# f0u7

ne-- 2 Environment and Natural ResourcesPolicy Division, LibraryofCongress, A Legislative History ofthe Clean Air Act Amendments of 19903267 1998